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Pennon Group

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FY2010 Annual Report · Pennon Group
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AnnuAl RepoRt & Accounts 2010

This document is printed 

on 100% recycled paper

When you have finished with this 

document please recycle it

Pennon Group Plc Registered Office: Peninsula House, Rydon Lane, Exeter, Devon, England EX2 7HR  pennon-group.co.uk

Registered in England No. 2366640

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONTENTS

Financial highlights and Group strategy ..............1

Directors’ Report
  Business Review:

  Chairman’s statement .......................................2
  Pennon Group:
  Financial performance ......................................4
  Funding position .................................................7
  Chief Executives’ overviews:
  South West Water ............................................8
  V iridor ................................................................. 12

Directors’ Report continued
  About our businesses:
  South West Water:
  Regulatory and competitive environment ...16 
  Customers, community and employees ......18 
  Key relationships ............................................. 20 
  Principal risks and uncertainties ................ 21

  V iridor:

  Regulatory and competitive environment ..22 
  Customers, community and employees.. 24
  Key relationships ............................................. 25
  Principal risks and uncertainties ................ 26

The Group’s key performance indicators are shown throughout the Business Review by:

KPI

Directors’ Report continued

  Pennon Group:
  Other financial information ......................... 28
  Key relationships ............................................. 30
  Principal risks and uncertainties ................ 30
  Our corporate responsibility ...................... 32
Interpretation ................................................... 37
  Other statutory information ........................... 38
Board of Directors .................................................. 40
Directors’ Remuneration Report ...................... 41
Corporate Governance and                             
Internal Control ....................................................... 49
Independent Auditors’ Report ............................ 53
Financial statements ................................................ 54
Five-year financial summary ...............................109
Shareholder information ..................................... 110

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

Designed by AB Design Group,  ab-uk.com    Printed on 100% recycled material by Burlington Press, Cambridge.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue up

11.6% to 
£1,069 million

Underlying profit  
before tax up

14.2% to 
£189million

Underlying earnings  
per	share	up

9.2% to  
41.6 p

Dividend	per	share	up

7.4% to 
22.55 p

PENNON GROUP OPERATES 
AND INVESTS IN WATER AND 
SEWERAGE SERVICES, WASTE 
MANAGEMENT, RECYCLING AND 
RENEWABLE ENERGY. IT HAS 
ASSETS OF AROUND £3.9 BILLION 
AND A WORKFORCE OF OVER 
4,100 PEOPLE.

Statutory results are:

•	Profit	before	tax	£184	million	 

(2008/09 £159 million)

•	Earnings	per	share	39.9p	(2008/09	25.8p)

A reconciliation to underlying measures of performance  
is given on page 5.

PENNON GROUP BOARD’S STRATEGY is to promote the success of the Group for the benefit of its shareholders 
through its focus on water and sewerage services, waste management, recycling and renewable energy.

In pursuit of its strategy the Group aims to be a pre-eminent provider of customer services to high standards of quality, 
efficiency and reliability whilst having regard to a wide range of matters including:

•	 the	impact	of	its	operations	and	activities	on	the	community	and	the	environment

•	 the	maintenance	of	high	standards	of	business	conduct

•	 the	need	to	foster	business	relationships	with	suppliers,	customers	and	other	key	persons	important	to	the	success	of	the	Group

•	 the	likely	long-term	consequences	of	any	decisions

•	 the	interests	of	its	employees.

Pennon Group’s business is operated through two subsidiaries:
•	 South West Water Limited – holds the water and sewerage appointments for Devon, Cornwall and parts of Dorset and Somerset
•	 Viridor Limited – one of the leading waste management, recycling and renewable energy businesses in the United Kingdom.

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.1

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ChAirmAn’s stAtement
Another excellent year with significant achievements 
despite difficult economic conditions

KEN HARVEY
CHAIRmAN
PENNON GROUP PLC

BUSINESS OVERVIEW

I am pleased to say that it has been another excellent year for Pennon  

Group with significant achievements by both businesses, despite 
difficult economic conditions. 

South West Water has delivered strong operational results and has 
outperformed the operating cost efficiency and financing targets set by 
Ofwat for the K4 period (2005-2010).

Viridor has once again delivered a very strong financial performance. 
The Greater Manchester Waste PFI contract, the Lakeside Energy from 
Waste (EfW) project and the latest acquisitions are further major steps 
forward in the successful evolution of Viridor.

The continuing prudent approach to financing in the Group, combined 
with a dedicated Board, management and staff, has also significantly 
contributed to our success.

FINANCIAL OVERVIEW
Group revenue increased by 11.6% to £1,068.9 million, exceeding  
£1 billion for the first time. Underlying* profit before tax increased by 
14.2% to £189.1 million and underlying* earnings per share increased by 
9.2% to 41.6p. The Group also has a strong liquidity and funding position.

South West Water’s Regulatory Capital Value (RCV) grew by 31%  
over the K4 (2005-2010) period to £2.6 billion by March 2010, the 
highest percentage increase for any quoted UK water company. Viridor’s 
underlying* profit before tax was up by 34.8%, building on the growth 
achieved by the company over the last eight years.

* Underlying measures are defined in the Pennon Group financial performance section on page 5

P.2  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

DIVIDEND
The Board is recommending to shareholders a final dividend per share 
of 15.60p, a 9.5% increase on last year’s final dividend. This represents 
a full year dividend of 22.55p which is an increase of 7.4% compared 
with 2008/09 reflecting RPI of 4.4% to March 2010. We have therefore 
delivered the policy to increase dividends from 2005/06 by 3% per annum 
above inflation.

Following the setting of price limits for South West Water by Ofwat for 
delivery of the K5 (2010-2015) regulatory contract and the expectation 
that Viridor will continue to deliver strong long-term growth, the 
Board has reviewed its dividend policy and is pleased to announce that 
it intends to enhance its progressive dividend policy to 4% per annum 
real increases from 2010/11 to at least until the end of 2014/15. 

Dividends have increased over the last five years as follows:

DIVIDENDS PER ORDINARY SHARE

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BUSINESS PERFORmANCE
South West Water increased its revenue in 
the year by 2.9% and profit before tax was 
up by 8.7%. The operating cost efficiency 
target set by Ofwat for K4 was achieved in 
2008/09, ahead of schedule. The company 
has accepted Ofwat’s Final Determination for 
the setting of price limits for the K5 period. 
Notwithstanding the lower returns envisaged 
by Ofwat’s Final Determination and the 
impact of current economic conditions which 
represent a very tough challenge for South 
West Water, the company is determined to 
achieve additional efficiencies despite having 
already delivered substantial efficiencies over 
the last two decades.

Viridor has yet again delivered a strong 
financial performance in difficult market 
conditions with revenue up by 18.7% and 
profit before tax up by 34.8%. The company 
expects to continue to deliver long-term 
growth through successfully leading the way 
in exploiting opportunities arising from the 
Government’s targets for recycling, landfill 
diversion and renewable energy. 

Plastics, waste electrical and electronic 
equipment (WEEE) and paper processing 
in particular are a growing part of Viridor’s 
recycling business. These recycling activities 
were enhanced in the year with two 
acquisitions: Intercontinental Recycling Limited 
which processes plastics into pellet or flake 
form and London Recycling Limited with 
WEEE and paper processing facilities. 

I am also pleased to say that the Greater 
Manchester PFI waste and renewables 
contract and another major scheme, 
the Lakeside EfW plant joint venture at 
Colnbrook, near Heathrow, are now 
operational and trading profitably.

HEALTH & SAFETY
Ensuring the health and safety of all our 
employees continues to be central to our 
ethos as a responsible Group. The Corporate 
Responsibility Committee and the Board 
pay particular attention to ensuring that we 
continually strive to improve occupational 
health and safety performance. We are 
therefore very disappointed to report that 
last year our recorded number of incidents in 
Viridor increased. Where incidents do occur 
they are fully investigated and every effort is 
made to ensure that they cannot be repeated 
through, in particular, raising the level of 
training and support available to staff and 
reinforcing strong positive attitudes to health 
and safety at all levels in the Group.

GOVERNANCE
We operate businesses which can and do 
have a material impact on the environment. 
We believe that a responsible approach to 
environmental, social and governance (ESG) 
matters and our sustainable practices not 
only benefit the communities in which we 
operate, but also enable our businesses to be 
more successful. This year we have set out 
in full in this Annual Report our Corporate 
Responsibility Report which demonstrates our 
commitment to ESG and the improvements 
we have made in protecting the environment, 
carbon capture, energy savings and resource 
recovery which all contribute to a more 
sustainable future for everyone. We also take 
into account the views of our shareholders and 
major institutional groups on what they regard 
to be the key governance issues in reviewing 
annually our practices, policies and procedures. 
This ensures that we continue to have a strong 
and appropriately experienced Board with 
governance structures in place which can 
successfully respond to the challenges we face 
in the best interests of our shareholders and 
other stakeholders.

OUR PEOPLE
We fully recognise that the Group’s success 
is due to the quality of the staff and their 
support and commitment.

I once again express my personal thanks to all 
members of staff for their continuing dedication 
and commitment particularly as we continue to 
implement further efficiences and develop new 
systems and processes to strengthen further 
governance across the Group.

In addition I am extremely grateful to 
my Board colleagues for their support 
and significant contributions to another 
successful year.

OUTLOOK
Notwithstanding the lower returns envisaged 
by Ofwat’s Final Determination and the 
impact of current economic conditions, the 
Group remains well positioned to continue 
to deliver shareholder value and meet future 
challenges. South West Water is well placed 
to achieve Ofwat’s efficiency targets and 
outperform its financing cost assumptions for 
K5. Viridor expects to continue to deliver 
strong long-term growth through successfully 
leading the way in exploiting opportunities 
arising from the Government’s landfill 
diversion, recycling and renewable energy 
targets. This anticipated success has enabled 
the Board to announce an enhanced dividend 
policy for the next five years.

I am confident that we have the right strategy 
in place for the Group to succeed and that 
this strategy together with the management 
skills in the Group will steer us through to a 
successful future.

Ken Harvey, Chairman
Pennon Group Plc, 24 June 2010

Underlying profit before tax up

14.2% to £189.1 million

Full year dividend up

7.4% to 22.55 p

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.3

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PennOn GrOUP
the Group’s 2009/10 financial results showed continued 
growth in revenue and profit from the main businesses

DAVID DUPONT
GROUP DIRECTOR  
OF FINANCE
PENNON GROUP PLC

FINANCIAL PERFORmANCE

The Board’s strategy is to promote the success of the Group for the 

benefit of its shareholders through its focus on water and sewerage 
services, waste management, recycling and renewable energy.

The Group’s 2009/10 financial results showed continued growth in 
revenue and profit from both main businesses.

All profit and earnings per share figures in this Business Review 
on pages 2 to 37 relate to underlying business performance 
unless otherwise stated. 

The Directors believe that underlying measures provide a more useful 
comparison on business trends and performance. Underlying results 
exclude restructuring costs, intangibles amortisation and deferred tax. 
The term underlying is not a defined term under International Financial 
Reporting Standards (IFRS) and may not be comparable with similarly 
titled measures used by other companies.

The key measures used by the Directors to assess the financial 
performance of the Group are profit before tax and earnings per 
share, shown below:

PROFIT BEFORE TAx (PBT)

EARNINGS PER SHARE (EPS)

200 

175 

150 

125 

100 

75

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P.4  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
 
Revenue above £1 billion for 
the	first	time

Effective	management	of	
interest rates – Group 
average 4.1%

REVENUE
Group revenue increased by 11.6% 
(£110.7 million) to £1,068.9 million. South 
West Water’s revenue rose 2.9% (£12.5 
million) to £444.2 million as a result of 
tariff increases and new connections. 
Approved tariff increases, including the 
1.4% K factor, amounted to £20.9 million. 
Customers switching from unmeasured to 
metered charging reduced turnover by £7.0 
million but around 5,000 new customer 
connections contributed £0.6 million of 
additional turnover. Customer demand 
remained constant, reversing the trend 
of consumption decline seen in recent 
years. Viridor’s revenue rose by 18.7% 
(£98.5 million) to £626.5 million of which 
the acquisitions of London Recycling and 
Intercontinental Recycling plus the Greater 
Manchester Waste sub-contract accounted 
for £89.7 million. Existing business increased 
by £8.8 million (including an increase in 
landfill tax of £6.3 million).

OPERATING PROFIT
Group operating profit increased by 4.9% 
(£12.6 million) to £269.6 million with South 
West Water up 2.6% (£4.9 million) to £196.5 
million and Viridor up 15.1% (£9.6 million) to 
£73.1 million.

Details of the financial performance of 
South West Water and Viridor are set out 
in this Business Review on pages 11 and 12 
respectively.

FINANCE COSTS
Excluding pensions net interest, discount 
unwind on provisions and IFRIC12 contract 
interest receivable, net finance costs were 
£78.2 million (2008/09 £88.4 million) and 
were 3.4 times covered by Group operating 
profits (2008/09 2.9 times). On this measure, 
net interest payable equated to a rate of 
4.1% on average net debt (2008/09 4.8%) 
and demonstrates the Group’s effective 
management of interest rates.

South West Water’s interest rate on 
average net debt for the year was 4.0% 
(2008/09 4.6%).

Over the last five years the average interest 
rate on Group net debt has been:

INTEREST RATE ON AVERAGE  
NET DEBT

KPi

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5 

4.5 

4 

3.5 

3

%

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Interest rate management is analysed further 
on page 31.

RECONCILIATION OF UNDERLYING AND STATUTORY RESULTS

2009/10 
£m  

2008/09 (restated)  
£m 

Growth

OPERATING PROFIT  
Statutory operating profit  
Non-underlying costs :  
-   Restructuring – South West Water  
-  
Underlying operating profit  

Intangibles amortisation – Viridor  

PROFIT BEFORE TAx  
Statutory profit before tax  
Non-underlying costs :  
-   Restructuring – South West Water  
-  
Underlying profit before tax  

Intangibles amortisation – Viridor  

EARNINGS PER SHARE - pence  
Statutory earnings per share  
Non-underlying costs :  
-   Restructuring (after tax) – South West Water  
-  
Deferred tax  
Underlying earnings per share  

Intangibles amortisation – Viridor  

264.3 

5.0 
0.3 
269.6 

183.8 

5.0 
0.3 
189.1 

39.9 

1.2 
0.1 
0.4 
41.6 

250.8  

5.0  
1.2  
257.0  

159.4  

5.0  
1.2  
165.6  

25.8  

0.9  
0.3  
11.1  
38.1  

5.4%

4.9%

15.3%

14.2%

54.7%

9.2%

The 2008/09 results have been restated for the application of IFRIC 12 “Service concession arrangements” as described in note 5 to the 
financial statements on page 71.

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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PROFIT BEFORE TAx
Profit before tax was £189.1 million, an increase of 14.2% (£23.5 million).

DIVIDENDS AND RETAINED EARNINGS
The statutory net profit of £139.5 million has been transferred to reserves.

TAxATION
The UK corporation tax charge for the year was £43.0 million, including 
£0.6 million tax relief on restructuring costs (2008/09 £31.3 million 
including £1.7 million of relief on restructuring costs). Employer pension 
contributions to defined benefit schemes resulted in corporation tax 
relief of £5.2 million in 2009/10 (2008/09 £10.7 million).

The deferred tax charge for the year was £1.3 million (2008/09 
£38.3 million). 2008/09 included a non-recurring charge of £24.9 
million relating to the abolition of industrial buildings allowances as 
contained in the Finance Act 2008.

EARNINGS PER SHARE
Earnings per share increased by 9.2% to 41.6p. 

The weighted average number of shares in issue during the year was 
350.0 million (2008/09 348.1 million). Net assets per share at book 
value at 31 March 2010 were 189p.

The Directors recommend the payment of a final dividend of 15.60p 
per share for the year ended 31 March 2010. Together with the interim 
dividend of 6.95p per share paid on 1 April 2010, this gives a total 
dividend for the year of 22.55p per share, an increase of 7.4% compared 
with 2008/09, reflecting RPI of 4.4% at March 2010.

Proposed dividends of £79.6 million (2008/09 £73.4 million) are 
covered 1.8 times (2008/09 1.8 times) by net profit. Dividends are 
charged against retained earnings in the year in which they are paid.

DIVIDEND POLICY
Notwithstanding the lower returns envisaged by Ofwat’s Final 
Determination and the impact of current economic conditions, the 
Group remains well positioned to continue to deliver shareholder 
value and meet future challenges. As a result the Board has announced 
its intention to increase the dividend by 4% per annum above inflation 
from 2010/11 at least until 2014/15.

Adding value for 
shareholders	with	a	
progressive	dividend	policy

DIVIDENDS PER ORDINARY SHARE

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P.6  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
Diversified	funding	sources

FUNDING POSITION

The Group had a strong liquidity and funding position as at 31 March 
2010 and is well placed in current financial market conditions:

During the year the following finance initiatives were implemented:

•	 cash	and	deposits	of	£494	million	(including	circa	£92	million	of	

restricted cash from deposits with lenders)
•	 committed	undrawn	facilities	of	£200	million
•	 South	West	Water	has	committed	funding	in	place	to	at	least	mid-	
2011/12 and its funding requirements for the remainder of the K5 
period thereafter are modest.

Efficient	long-term	funding
Average debt maturity  
23	years

•	 £125	million	convertible	bond
•	 £215	million	term	loans	and	Revolving	Credit	Facilities	(RCFs)	renewed
•	 £89	million	of	new	term	loans
•	 circa	£200	million	finance	lease	extended	to	2052	and	converted	to	

‘bullet’ repayment

•	 £25	million	finance	lease	for	South	West	Water	
•	 £25	million	5-10	year	finance	lease	for	Viridor
•	 new	provider	for	£35	million	of	Environment	Agency	bonds	sourced.

£216 million of loan repayments are required during 2010/11. 
Refinancing of existing facilities is being progressed and £100 million of 
debt facilities have been established or renewed in April 2010.

The fair value benefit (i.e. the difference between the book value and 
fair value) of Group debt has increased over the year by £75 million 
to £296 million at 31 March 2010 as a result of the rise in medium and 
long-term gilt rates. 

The Group’s average debt maturity is now 23 years.

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.7

 
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sOUth West WAter
turning to the future after a successful conclusion 
to the 2005-2010 regulatory cycle

CHRIS LOUGHLIN
CHIEF ExECUTIVE
SOUTH WEST WATER LImITED

  CHIEF ExECUTIVE’S OVERVIEW

South West Water performed strongly this year, improving its 

customer service, delivering further operational efficiencies and 
achieving sound financial results. It has now successfully completed 

the 2005 – 2010 regulatory contract and has a solid platform in place 
for continued success during the next regulatory period (2010 – 2015).

The company continues to be led by its vision of ‘Pure Water, Pure 
Service and Pure Environment’. Underpinning this vision is the strategy 
of striking the right balance between investing to improve our services, 
customer affordability and financeability.

In November 2009 Ofwat announced its Final Determination of the 
company’s business plans and set price limits for the period 2010-
2015. This confirmed average real price increases of 1.9% over the 
next five years.

Throughout the Periodic Review process, our focus was on 
safeguarding our many achievements of the last 20 years through 
investment where needed whilst delivering stable bills for our 
customers. Our future plans continue to reflect customer priorities but 
we have also challenged ourselves to deliver further cost efficiencies 
beyond those set by Ofwat.

Many of our key operational results and achievements over the last  
12 months demonstrate the benefits of our ‘Pure Water, Pure Service 
and Pure Environment’ vision.

P.8  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

During 2009/10, the company delivered significant improvements 
in both operational and customer service performance across a 
range of key measures, which will provide a springboard to meet the 
challenges to come.

PURE WATER
Tap water quality is measured by Mean Zonal Compliance (MZC) 
which is the Drinking Water Inspectorate’s preferred method for 
water quality assessment. It was maintained for a second year at its 
highest ever level of 99.98% in 2009. 

Maintaining high water quality levels was the target of our recently 
completed £220 million water mains renewal programme undertaken 
between 2005 and 2010. During the final year of the project,  
104 kilometres of mains pipes were relined or replaced and all five 
DWI-approved programme milestones were successfully completed. 
The final milestone was achieved ahead of schedule.

Carrying out repairs on the network can cause the interruption of 
water supplies to customers. However during 2009/10 there was a 
welcome improvement in this area with the number of properties 
experiencing unplanned interruptions reducing to 514 properties 
from 1,407 in 2008/09.

DRINKING WATER QUALITY (MZC)

6
9
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9
9

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100 

99.9 

99.8 

99.7 

99.6 

99.5 

99.4 
99.3 

99.2 

99.1 

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0
0
2

9
0
0
2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
This	has	been	our	13th	consecutive	
year	without	water	restrictions

Despite the coldest winter for nearly 30 years 
causing a surge in burst pipe incidents for both 
our customers and network, we still beat 
our leakage control target of 84 Megalitres 
per day (Ml/d), and achieved a best ever 
performance of 82 Ml/d.

We have now achieved or beaten our leakage 
targets every year since they were first 
introduced by Ofwat in 1999/2000. Our 
leakage rate remains amongst the lowest in 
the industry at 5.5 cubic metres per kilometre 
of mains per day.

This has been our 13th consecutive year 
without water restrictions. The company 
has put in place a comprehensive strategy to 
ensure a continued secure supply of water for 
the region.

During the year work on two major new 
trunk mains serving South Devon and East 
Cornwall was completed, strengthening water 
supplies in each area for decades to come.

Park Lake on Bodmin Moor is now 
operational while work has started on 
converting nearby Stannon Lake into the 
company’s fourth biggest reservoir. These 
former china clay pits were purchased in 
2006 as a cost-effective alternative to building 
new reservoirs.

PURE SERVICE
Renewing its emphasis on excellent service 
has helped the company improve its 
performance for customers.

We are achieving year-on-year reductions 
in operational service contacts, with a 24% 
reduction in the last year, and reductions in 
repeat service contacts. Improvements to 
the handling of service contacts have helped 
reduce the number of complaints received.

Customer satisfaction with the way their 
contact with the company has been handled 
and the ease of contacting us has improved 
resulting in a best ever performance of 4.53 
out of a possible 5.0 maximum.

However there is always room for 
improvement to ensure that we have systems 
in place which will provide continuous 
advances in our customer service.

Between 2010 and 2015 we will also be 
expanding our involvement with consumer 
organisations such as Citizens Advice and will be 
implementing a personalised debt advice initiative.

This will include extending a range of 
measures to assist those customers in genuine 
financial difficulty as a result of the recession 
whilst still actively pursuing those who can pay 
their bills but do not.

In particular, we will be continuing to support 
our innovative ‘WaterCare’ programme, 
which has assisted over 7,000 households 
since its introduction in 2007.

Through WaterCare, customers are advised 
on how to better manage their water use and 
household budgets including claiming all the 
benefits to which they are entitled. The free 
installation of water-saving devices has proved 
popular with customers and both they and the 
company have benefited from moving them on 
to affordable and regular payment plans.

A number of the customers on this 
programme are now paying more than double 
the level of payments they did before, thereby 
reducing the company’s outstanding debt.

PURE ENVIRONmENT
South West Water’s record of environmental 
achievements was further strengthened 
during 2009/10.

The company’s focus on proactive maintenance 
of its waste water network resulted in an 11th 
consecutive year without a major Category 
1 pollution incident and the number of more 
minor Category 2 and 3 incidents remained at 
a low level.

The long-term transformation of bathing 
water quality in the South West, due to the 
£2 billion Clean Sweep programme, was also 
safeguarded with 96.5% of bathing waters 
complying with the EU mandatory standard. 
A decade ago this figure was only 42.6%. This 
major improvement in quality has also helped 
the South West gain the most Blue Flag 
beaches of any region in the UK.

The region’s bathing water quality has been 
affected by significant rainfall for the last three 
summers. This has carried agricultural and 
other surface water pollutants into the sea.  

BATHING WATER COMPLIANCE WITH CURRENT MANDATORY 
STANDARD / CURRENT GUIDELINE STANDARD

Current % mandatory

Current % Guideline

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PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.9

 
 
 
 
 
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The percentage population equivalent served by sanitary-compliant 
waste water treatment works in the calendar year 2009 was 99.7%. 
This consistently high performance contributes to the region having  
the highest percentage of high quality rivers in England.

POPULATION EQUIVALENT SANITARY COMPLIANCE

KPi

100 

99.9 

99.8 

99.7 

99.6 

99.5 

99.4 

99.3 

99.2 

99.1 

99

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A pilot moorland restoration project ‘Mires’, undertaken on Exmoor 
between 2003 and 2010, beat strong competition to win a Water 
Industry Achievement Award for ‘Sustainable Drainage and Flood 
Management Initiative of the Year’. The success of Mires and other 
environmental initiatives has led to a more extensive programme of 
catchment management which is being implemented called ‘Upstream 
Thinking’. Restoring wetlands will allow slower and steadier flows and 
cleaner water from the moors to rivers and reservoirs. This in turn 
will help minimise long-term treatment costs.

Mires will be expanded across the region with moorland and 
farmland projects between 2010 and 2015 in partnership with 
Exmoor National Park Authority, Dartmoor National Park 
Authority, Natural England, the Environment Agency, English 
Heritage, local farmers and landowners.

Focussing on our ‘Pure’ vision has assisted the company in delivering 
a strong set of results both financially and operationally. This has 
also ensured there is a solid platform in place for further progress 
to be made. Ofwat’s Final Determination represents a tough 
challenge for the company but it is one we have accepted and are 
determined to deliver.

To meet this challenge, we have:

•	 renegotiated	our	key	operational	contracts	with	service	partners	to	
create more innovative ways of working and further cost efficiencies 
through establishing the new incentivised ‘H5O’ Delivery Alliance to 
deliver the capital programme

•	 invested	in	a	more	centralised	operating	structure	employing	

increased levels of automation

•	 continued	our	organisational	restructuring	drive	to	sustain	our	

services through flexible working while securing efficiencies. It is 
expected that a further £4 million will be provided for restructuring 
costs in 2010/11

•	 successfully	reduced	our	energy	consumption	through	our	‘Megawatt	
Challenge’ company-wide initiative. Staff led energy saving projects 
resulted in overall energy savings of 6.5 GWh, a reduction of around 
3,500 tonnes of CO2 and a cost saving of around £600,000 per 
annum. Further energy savings will be delivered by our ‘PowerDown’ 
programme which is in place to achieve more efficiencies and cost 
reductions between 2010 and 2015.

This has been another successful year for South West Water. 
Further significant improvements have been made in achieving service 
excellence and new operational efficiencies.

I would like to thank all our staff and our suppliers for their dedicated 
and innovative work. Their achievements this year have ensured we are 
in the strongest position possible to deliver in the years ahead.

P.10  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

Well positioned 
to	deliver	the	K5	
Regulatory	Contract

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL REVIEW
Against the background of an uncertain economic recovery, South West Water has had another strong year, with sound financial 
performance being supplemented by improved customer service and delivery of further operational efficiencies.

Operating profit up by £4.9 million (2.6%) to £196.5 million (2009 £191.6 million). For the five-year period 2005/06 to 
2009/10 operating profit is shown in the graph below.

The company’s revenue increased by £12.5 million to £444.2 million:

•	
Increases:	tariff	increases	approved	by	Ofwat	(£20.9	million)	and	around	5,000	new	customer	connections	(£0.6	million).
•	 Decreases:	customers	switching	to	metered	tariffs	(£7.0	million)	with	income	from	other	sales	decreasing	by	£2.0	million.

68% of our domestic customers now receive a metered supply.

Operating costs, excluding depreciation, increased by £3.8 million to £154.1 million:

Efficiency	savings	were	£4.4	million	in	the	year.

•	
•	 Additional	costs	from	new	capital	schemes,	£1.8	million.
•	
•	
•	 Other	cost	increases	£0.4	million,	offset	by	a	reduction	in	costs	of	other	sales	£1.6	million.

Price	increases,	including	inflation,	£6.5	million.
Lower	income	from	assets,	including	property	sales,	£1.1	million.

Restructuring costs were £5.0 million in 2009/10 and a further £4.0 million is expected to be provided in 2010/11.

Despite the downturn in the property market, property disposals in the year contributed £1.0 million to profit (2009 £1.7 million).

The bad debt charge increased by £0.9 million from £6.4 million to £7.3 million. Collections performance on older debt 
marginally improved over the year.

Capital expenditure was £143.3 million, including £9.7 million on advanced spend for K5. £37.6 million was spent on 
quality schemes, principally on concluding the water mains rehabilitation programme and making progress on waste water 
programmes, including the new sewage treatment works for Bossiney, Boscastle and Tintagel.

Further contributions totalling £9.9 million were made to the defined benefit pension schemes. 

OPERATING PROFIT

KPi

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175 

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Further	efficiencies	
achieved	in	the	year

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.11

	
	
	
	
	
	
	
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ViriDOr
Viridor profits grew strongly in 2009/10 as it continued to expand  
its resource management activities

COLIN DRUmmOND
CHIEF ExECUTIVE
VIRIDOR LImITED

  CHIEF ExECUTIVE’S OVERVIEW

V iridor is one of the UK’s leading waste management, recycling 

and renewable energy companies. Over the past 10 years we 
have evolved from waste collection and disposal into a more 

broadly based resource recovery business with major activities in 
recycling and waste-based renewable energy generation. At the same 
time we have increased our profits at an average rate of over 20% 
(PBITA plus joint ventures) per annum since 2001. Over 40% of our 
profit contribution now comes from recovering value from waste.

We have core competencies in landfill disposal, recycling and waste-
based renewable energy generation. The company operates materials 
recycling facilities (MRFs), waste transfer stations, treatment plants, 
household waste recycling sites (HWRS), composting facilities, landfills 
and renewable energy generation facilities in most regions of the UK and 
has a collection fleet focussed on the industrial and commercial market.

Continuing developments in the UK’s waste management and 
renewable energy policies, driven by climate change and environmental 
awareness, create major opportunities for Viridor.

In 2009/10 Viridor delivered another year of very strong profit growth 
despite the difficult economic conditions in the UK and worldwide. 
At the same time we progressed various major strategic initiatives, 
including in particular the Greater Manchester waste and renewable 
energy project (the largest of its kind in the UK) and the Lakeside 
Energy from Waste (EfW) plant, both of which commenced profitable 
operations. We also completed the acquisition of two further recycling 
companies. These and other initiatives are expected to enhance our 
business significantly in future years. 

P.12  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

This reflects our focussed strategy of:

•	 capitalising	on	our	strong	position	in	landfill	waste	disposal
•	 proactively	developing	new	recycling	operations	to	meet	ambitious	

EU/UK targets

•	 successfully	exploiting	the	huge	potential	in	waste-based	renewable	

energy generation.

Further detail on the climate change and environmental drivers behind 
governments’ policies and Viridor’s strategy is given in the sections on 
main trends and business and strategy on pages 14 and 15.

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Viridor traded very strongly in 2009/10, building further on the 
growth achieved over the past eight years. Revenue was up 18.7% 
(£98.5 million) to £626.5 million, of which acquisitions accounted for 
£89.7 million and existing business £8.8 million (including landfill tax 
of £6.3 million).

Viridor’s earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation 
of intangibles (EBITDA) rose 9.1% from £105.2 million to £114.8 
million. Profit before interest, tax and amortisation of intangibles 
(PBITA) for the year increased by 15.1% (£9.6 million) to £73.1 
million, compared with £63.5 million in 2008/09.

With the commencement of the Greater Manchester and Lakeside 
projects, joint ventures now account for a significant part of 
Viridor’s profits (£4.2 million in 2009/10) and we now focus on 
PBITA plus joint ventures as a key performance indicator. We profit 
from our joint ventures both via interest on shareholder loans 
and via share of the joint ventures’ profit after tax (PAT). PBITA 
plus joint ventures grew by 19% in 2009/10 and has grown by a 
compound rate of 22% since 2001.

Profit before tax (PBT) at £55.4 million was up 34.8% on the previous 
year and has grown at a compound rate of 19% since 2001. Capital 
expenditure for the year was £46.6 million (2008/09 £84.0 million) 
and we invested £30.8 million in our Greater Manchester, Runcorn 
Combined Heat and Power (CHP) and Lakeside joint ventures.

 
 
 
 
KPi

Year ended 31 March

2001* 
£m 
13.1
PBITA plus joint ventures
PBT 
11.7 
Return on equity investment  6.1% 
*UK GAAP

2002* 
£m
15.2
13.8 
7.2% 

2003* 
£m
19.1
15.7 
8.2% 

2004* 
£m
22.7
17.2 
8.8% 

2005 
£m
30.0
21.5 
11.0% 

2006 
£m
35.9
23.5 
11.3% 

2007 
£m
46.8
29.4 
14.2%

2008 
£m
58.1
35.5 
17.1% 

2009 
£m
64.9
40.8 
19.7%

CAGR
2001-10
22%
19%

2010 
£m
77.3
55.4
22.0% –

FINANCIAL YEAR 2009/10

FINANCIAL YEAR 2008/09

Contracts and other 15%

Collection 6%

JVs 4%

Recycling 16%

Contracts and other 3%

JVs 2%

Collection 9%

Recycling 16%

Power generation 25%

Power generation 28%

Landfill 31%

Landfill 45%

CONSENTED LANDFILL VOID
As at 31 March 2010 Viridor had a consented void capacity of 77 
million cubic metres.

POWER GENERATION CAPACITY
Electricity generated is sold to electricity suppliers, usually under NFFO 
contracts or under shorter term contracts with ROCs. As at 31 March 
2010 Viridor had 100 MW of operational landfill gas generating capacity 
which is virtually the same as the previous year. These figures exclude 3 
MW of sub-contract capacity in Suffolk. In addition there is 27.5 MW of 
energy from waste combustion capacity (Bolton and 50% of Lakeside).

0
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As at 31 march

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As at 31 march

PBITA PLUS JOINT VENTURES, PBT AND RETURN ON EQUITYPBITA plus joint ventures (which contributed from 2008) and PBT are key overall measures of Viridor’s performance and are set out in the table below for the ten-year period 2001 to 2010. The table also sets out the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) for these measures, being the rate of growth between 2001 and 2010 expressed as a single annual average figure over the period. Return on equity is also a key measure of Viridor’s performance and is calculated as PBT expressed as a percentage of Pennon Group’s equity investment in Viridor (£252 million at 31 March 2010).VIRIDOR PROFIT CONTRIBUTION BY SEGmENTThe pie charts below provide a breakdown of Viridor’s profit contribution by segment (before amortisation of intangibles and central overhead costs including pensions). In 2009/10 landfill accounted for 31% and landfill gas power generation 28% of Viridor’s profit contribution, compared with the previous year’s 45% and 25% respectively. Recycling accounted for 16% (last year 16%) and contracts grew to 15% from 3% in the previous year whilst joint ventures accounted for 4% (last year 2%). In total 44% of Viridor’s profits come from recovering value in waste either by power generation or recycling.LANDFILLTotal landfill disposal volumes decreased by 0.7 million tonnes (15%) to 3.9 million tonnes in the year. Approximately 0.2 million tonnes of this was due to landfill closures, as reported last year. The bulk of the remaining reduction was in third party industrial and commercial volumes which were heavily impacted by the general weakness in the UK economy. Average revenue per tonne increased by 1.1% to approaching £22 per tonne (3.1% like for like excluding site closures). Consented landfill void reduced from 81 million cubic metres at 31 March 2009 to 77 million cubic metres at 31 March 2010, reflecting 1.2 million cubic metres planning gains and usage during the period of 4.8 million cubic metres.LANDFILL GASViridor’s landfill gas power generation output increased by a further 10% to 555 Gigawatt hours (GWh) during the year particularly reflecting capacity brought on in late 2008/09. All of the output increase was accredited for full ROCs in advance of the banding change. Viridor’s average revenues per Megawatt hour (MWh) grew by 21% to approaching £90 reflecting the growth in the proportion of output eligible for Renewables Obligation Certificates (ROCs). Taking advantage of favourable market conditions in May 2008, Viridor sold forward the brown element of its ‘ROC-able’ electricity to March 2010 at May 2008 prices. Current power generation prices are significantly (circa £30 per MWh) lower. This will materially affect power generation segment performance for 2010/11.At 31 March 2010 Viridor’s landfill gas power generation capacity was 100 Megawatts (MW) including a small amount of sub-contract capacity. At 31 March 2010 63% of Viridor’s power generating capacity was eligible for ROCs and 37% for the Non Fossil Fuel Obligation (NFFO).PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS | 2010 | P.13 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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RECYCLING
The UK is required under the EU Landfill Directive to reduce the 
amount of biodegradable municipal waste going to landfill sites. To meet 
the requirements of the Landfill Directive the UK Government uses 
landfill tax as a price mechanism. At the same time the Government 
has set clear targets for the recycling of household waste, and 
local authorities must also implement strategies for the diversion 
of biodegradable municipal waste away from landfill. The former 
Chancellor’s Budget announcement on 24 March 2010, continuing the 
increase in landfill tax of £8 a year from £48 per tonne currently to £80 
per tonne in 2014/15, will further enhance the long-term economics of 
recycling. In general, recyclate costs are typically significantly lower than 
the cost of using virgin materials for manufacturers.

As reported last year recyclate prices were high in the first half of 
2008/09 and low in the second half, reflecting the prevailing general 
world economic conditions. Since then recyclate prices have recovered, 
ending the year at around the peak levels seen in early 2008/09. 
Viridor’s recycling traded volumes grew 3.5% to a little over 1.4 
million tonnes, with an improved recyclate mix. Recyclate prices have 
continued to strengthen since the year-end but are expected to ease 
back later in the year.

In June 2009 Viridor acquired London Recycling Limited for a cash 
consideration of £10.6 million, plus debt acquired of £1.5 million. With 
its headquarters in East London, the business comprises a full range of 
recycling operations including a fleet of collection vehicles, a ‘WEEE’ 
facility, paper processing, confidential material destruction, a MRF and 
a waste auditing facility. It handles approximately 50,000 tonnes of 
material per annum. London Recycling has had a good track record 
over recent years in providing essential recycling services to businesses 
in the capital and has an excellent geographic and business fit with 
Viridor’s operations in the South East of England.

Plastics in particular are a significant and growing part of Viridor’s 
recycling business and in July 2009 Viridor acquired Intercontinental 
Recycling Limited for a cash consideration of £4.2 million, plus 
debt acquired of £3.9 million. Based in Skelmersdale, Lancashire, 
the company processes High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and 
Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) plastic bottles, such as are recovered 
by Viridor’s MRFs. It converts the bottles to pellet or flake for sale 
to plastic product manufacturers, mostly within the UK. The plant 
has the capacity to treat 40,000 tonnes of plastics waste per annum. 
Intercontinental Recycling also has a good geographic and business 
fit with Viridor’s existing operations and is particularly well-placed to 
receive volumes from the Greater Manchester Waste PFI.

CONTRACTS
Contracts profits were well ahead with continued good performance 
from the West Sussex PFI and 10 other municipal contracts. The 
sludge contracts business which performed poorly in the second half 
of 2008/09 was back in profit. There was also a significant contribution 
from the Greater Manchester Waste PFI sub-contract.

PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS AND PRIVATE  
FINANCE INITIATIVES
Public Private Partnership (PPP) and Private Finance Initiative (PFI) 
contracts are a key part of Viridor’s strategy.

Financial close on the Greater Manchester Waste PFI 25-year contract 
was achieved on 8 April 2009. It is the UK’s largest ever combined waste 
and renewable energy project, managing 1.3 million tonnes of waste per 
year. The total potential energy generation will be approaching 140 MW 
from Phases I and II of the Runcorn plant, the four anaerobic digesters 
(ADs) and the existing Bolton Energy from Waste (EfW) plant.

The PFI is a joint venture between Viridor and John Laing 
Infrastructure. Operation of the associated facilities is being carried out 
on a sub-contract basis by Viridor. In October 2009 it was confirmed 
that all required facilities planned for development had received 
planning permission. At 31 March 2010 of these 42 facilities 22 had been 
completed and handed over to Viridor to operate.

Associated with the Greater Manchester PFI is an EfW CHP facility 
(Runcorn Phase I) which is a three-way joint venture between Ineos 
Chlor, Viridor and John Laing Infrastructure. Planning permission was 
achieved by Ineos Chlor for both phases of the EfW CHP plant at 
Runcorn in September 2008 and construction of the first phase has 
commenced. Total capital expenditure for the Greater Manchester 
PFI is projected to be £405 million with an additional £235 million for 
the associated EfW CHP plant (Runcorn Phase I). Viridor’s funding 
contribution will be £85 million. In addition we have secured all of the 
rights to Phase II of the planned EfW CHP facility at Runcorn. This 
will be targeted at the North West market more generally and is a 
significant upside to the initial project given rising landfill tax and the 
shortage of competing capacity in the North West.

In addition to the above contracts we continue to bid selectively for 
other projects. We are the preferred bidder for the Oxfordshire PPP 
and one of the last two for the Cheshire PFI and the South West Devon 
Waste Partnership. We are one of the last three for the Peterborough 
EfW and MRF contracts and one of four still in the bidding for the 
Gloucestershire PFI and South London Waste Partnership contracts. 
Most of these projects include renewable energy.

mAIN TRENDS AND FACTORS LIKELY TO AFFECT THE 
FUTURE DEVELOPmENT, PERFORmANCE AND POSITION 
OF THE COmPANY’S BUSINESS
The waste management and renewable energy business is heavily 
influenced by environmental and climate change considerations and 
associated Government policies. Viridor’s strategy reflects this. Our 
belief is that being green is good for business, as is demonstrated by the 
company’s financial performance.

Government policies are designed in the first instance to minimise the 
amount of waste generated, then to maximise reuse and recycling, 
followed by treatment and energy recovery via EfW facilities and other 
technologies. This is underpinned by final safe disposal in landfills. The 
Government is implementing the EU Landfill Directive and reducing the 
amount of waste to go to landfill. This Directive was a response in part 
to methane emissions from landfills, although in fact the bulk of this in 
the UK is now captured for renewable energy generation.

Continued strong 
growth	in	PBT

P.14  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
Government targets of diverting municipal 
waste away from landfill up to 2020 are leading 
to a decline in the landfill market. However, 
with only around six or seven years’ consented 
capacity in the UK as a whole (according to 
Environment Agency estimates) and with 
new consents difficult to achieve, Viridor’s 
77 million cubic metres is regarded as a very 
valuable resource, with 15 years’ average 
capacity available at current rates of fill.

At the same time it is increasingly recognised 
that waste is a major renewable energy 
source, accounting for approximately 25% 
of the current UK’s renewable energy or 
roughly 1.5% of the total UK’s electricity 
production. 1.2% of this comes from landfill 
gas utilisation, which has grown by 600% over 
the past 10 years, and 0.3% from energy from 
waste combustion. As the energy produced 
from waste is a product of waste treatment, 
it is effectively low cost. Unlike certain other 
renewables it provides baseload power which 
is distributed around the grid typically close 
to where energy is required.

There is scope for a major increase in 
the amount of energy recovered from 
waste in the UK particularly in EfW 
facilities (especially with CHP) as well as in 
developing technologies such as Anaerobic 
Digestion (AD). Viridor estimates that waste 
could account for 6% of UK electricity 
production by 2015 if planning barriers could 
be addressed, and has called upon the UK 
Government to set this as a target.

The need for councils to avoid steeply 
increasing landfill tax and to achieve their 
landfill diversion targets creates attractive 
opportunities for PFI/PPP and other contracts. 
Examples include Viridor’s contracts with 
West Sussex, Somerset, Greater Manchester 
and the South London Waste Partnership, 
facilities such as the Lakeside EfW plant and 
the Runcorn EfW CHP plants, recycling 
operations such as those of Viridor Resource 
Management and our electrical goods and glass 
recycling services.

Whilst the long-term trends in favour of 
Viridor’s business are very positive, the 
weakness of the UK economy is having a 
significant effect on waste volumes and power 
generation prices. It is certain that public 
expenditure will be reduced in the face of the 
UK’s massive budget deficit.  

This is likely to put particular pressure on 
local councils’ budgets and may result in their 
delaying new major waste PPPs/PFIs or in 
seeking other ways to reduce their waste 
management costs.

BUSINESS AND STRATEGY
Our strategy is to deliver strong growth and 
add value by:

•	 capitalising	on	our	strong	position	in	landfill	

waste disposal

•	 proactively	developing	new	recycling	

operations to meet ambitious EU/UK 
targets

•	 successfully	exploiting	the	huge	potential	in	
waste-based renewable energy generation.

Viridor’s landfill market consists of municipal, 
commercial and industrial wastes, along with 
certain other special types of waste. Landfill 
is currently the major final disposal route for 
these wastes.

Viridor is a major landfill site operator within 
the UK with a total consented landfill capacity 
of approximately 77 million cubic metres as 
at 31 March 2010. Viridor is at present filling 
this at a rate of around five million cubic 
metres per annum, which results in an average 
remaining life of 15 years at current rates of 
fill, which is significantly longer than for the 
industry as a whole.

Gas produced from decomposing waste on 
landfill sites is increasingly used to generate 
electricity. It is a form of renewable energy 
and now represents 1.2% of the UK’s total 
electricity generation. EfW represents 
a further 0.3% according to Defra. The 
Government’s stated strategy is to increase 
the percentage of electricity generated 
from all renewable sources from the 
current figure of around 5% to a target of 
10% in 2010 and 15% in 2015. Viridor has 
called on the Government to set a target 
of 6% of electricity to be generated from 
waste sources by 2015. The UK has an EU 
target of generating 15% of total energy 
from renewable sources by 2020, which 
is likely to require over 30% of electricity 
to be generated from renewable sources. 
Historically, renewable energy projects were 
supported by the Government through 
the NFFO scheme. Under this fixed price, 
Retail Prices Index (RPI) contracts with 
terms of up to 15 years were awarded to 

the most competitive renewable projects 
in five tranches of bidding. In April 2002 
the NFFO regime was replaced by the 
Renewables Obligation (RO) regime. Under 
the RO, eligible generators receive the brown 
energy price plus the value of the associated 
Renewables Obligation Certificate as 
described on page 23.

The overall price for electricity supplied 
under the RO regime is currently substantially 
higher than that achieved under the most 
recent NFFO scheme. This has facilitated the 
increase of Viridor’s total landfill gas power 
generation capacity to 100 MW at 31 March 
2010, compared with 27 MW in March 2002. 
Of this power generation capacity, 63% 
is under the RO regime and 37% is under 
NFFO. Viridor’s existing NFFO contracts end 
in tranches over the next six years after which 
the capacity can transfer to ROCs.

To take advantage of opportunities presented 
by the Government’s developing waste 
strategy, Viridor is pursuing EfW schemes 
detailed below (including, where feasible, 
CHP) and a range of recycling or related 
treatment opportunities, including materials 
recycling facilities, mechanical-biological 
treatment, anaerobic digestion, composting 
and household waste recycling sites. These 
facilities may be combined in integrated waste 
management contracts.

Viridor is pursuing possible long-term EfW 
opportunities, including proposals in Cardiff 
(which received planning permission in June 
2010), Avonmouth, Dunbar and Oxfordshire 
(which have had planning permission turned 
down locally and are being appealed), and near 
Plymouth. Construction of the consented 
Exeter EFW plant is expected to start  
during 2010/11.

In pursuing its strategy, Viridor seeks to grow 
its recycling, renewable energy and waste 
management business, both organically and 
through acquisition. It has continued to be 
an active participant in the consolidation of 
the UK waste market to date and, between 
October 2001 and March 2010, has made 17 
acquisitions in the waste sector for an aggregate 
consideration of over £310 million. These 
businesses have now been integrated into the 
Viridor group.

Greater	Manchester	25-year	PFI	
contract	operating	successfully

Lakeside	Energy	from	Waste	
plant	commenced	operations

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.15

 
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ABOUt OUr BUsinesses – sOUth West WAter

  REGULATORY AND 
  COmPETITIVE ENVIRONmENT

South West Water is the licensed water 
and sewerage service provider for Devon, 
Cornwall and parts of Dorset and Somerset. 
The company serves a region of nearly 
10,300 square kilometres with over 1.65 
million residents. In addition over 39 million 
visitor nights as recorded by South West 
Tourism were spent in the region in 2009. 
On average each day it distributes over 
420 Megalitres (Ml) of treated water and 
disposes of around 235 Ml of waste water 
through an asset base comprising:

Water distribution mains  

15,058km

Sewers  

9,288km

Impounding reservoirs  

Water treatment works  

Waste water treatment works,  
including 55 works with  
ultra-violet treatment and  
three with membrane filtration  

Intermittent discharge points,  
including 1,029 combined  
sewer overflows 

15

39

634

1,668

Since privatisation in 1989 the company 
has successfully delivered the largest capital 
programme per capita of any of the water 
and sewerage companies with an initial focus 
on improving coastal waste water treatment 
and disposal. The region currently has 144 EU 
designated bathing waters, almost one third 
of the total in England and Wales, and 132 of 
these have benefited over the last 19 years from 
the company’s marine investment programme. 
Following completion of an entire overhaul 
of water resources, water treatment and 
distribution over the same period we are able 
to demonstrate major improvements in water 
supply quality and reliability for our customers.

Over 420 Ml
of treated 
water	supplied 
per day

South West Water expects to create value 
through delivering the regulatory contract 
agreed with Ofwat. The contract scope 
is reviewed every five years. As well as 
determining outputs, Ofwat sets prices 
to enable efficient companies to earn a 
reasonable rate of return on their assets.

For the new regulatory period which started 
in April 2010 Ofwat assumed that the equity 
cost of capital for all companies will be 7.1% 
real after tax with an overall weighted average 
cost of capital of 4.5% real after tax.

Customers using more than 50 Ml of water 
per year can contract with alternative 
suppliers for water supply. South West 
Water has 36 customers in this category 
whose aggregate water charges account 
for approximately 1.5% of its total water 
and sewerage revenue or 3.2% of its water 
revenue. No single customer accounts for 
more than 1% of revenue.

The Government’s independent review of 
competition and innovation in the water 
industry led by Professor Martin Cave 
published its final recommendations in April 
2009. Legislation will be required for any 
further significant extension of competition 
in the water and sewerage markets. During 
the year Ofwat consulted on extending the 
current 50 Ml criteria for competition under 
water supply licensing arrangements to 
cover customers using more than 5 Ml. This 
extension to the existing competition regime 
is expected to apply during 2010/11. Ofwat 
has published a number of consultation papers 
concerning the potential for future retail and 
upstream market reform.

The review into fairer water charges 
commissioned by Defra, known as the 
Walker Review, was concluded in 2009. 
The review noted that, while the regulatory 
regime in the water industry has served 
customers well over the last 20 years, 
improvements can be made to address the 
twin aspects of affordability and fairness 
for water customers. The Government has 
asked Ofwat to advise it on one or more of 
a number of options to address the issue of 
water bills in the South West:

•	 a	one-off	or	other	financial	adjustment	 

by Government

•	 contributions	by	other	water	customers	

across the country

•	 a	package	of	tariff	proposals	for	South	

West Water customers.

Ofwat and South West Water have 
established a joint working group to develop 
and examine the options which could address 
the recommendations in the Walker Review.

PRICE CAP REGULATION
Ofwat regulates water and waste water 
charges by determining the maximum 
increase in charges which a company can 
impose in any year. The water regulator 
conducts a Periodic Review and sets price 
limits every five years. Prices are set by 
reference to inflation as measured by the 
Retail Prices Index (RPI) plus an adjustment 
factor known as ‘K’ which is specific for 
each company.

The ‘K’ factors for the period 2010 to 2015 
for South West Water were determined 
by Ofwat in its Final Determination in 
November 2009 and are shown in the  
table below:

‘K’ FACTORS FOR THE  
PERIOD 2010-15

4 

3 

2 

1 

0

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%

4
3

.

5
2

.

9
1

.

.

1
1

3
1

.

.

1
1

Financial 
year

1
1
/
0
1
0
2

2
1
/
1
1
0
2

3
1
/
2
1
0
2

4
1
/
3
1
0
2

5
1
/
4
1
0
2

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P.16  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
The 2004 Final Determination provided for total capital expenditure of £762 million (2002/03 
prices) over the five-year period 2005-2010. All major projects required in the period 
2005-2010 were delivered in line with Ofwat’s, the Drinking Water Inspectorate’s and the 
Environment Agency’s expectations. The required customer service and infrastructure 
outputs at 31 March 2010 included:

Activity

2005-2010 Target

Status at 31 march 2010

Adequacy of water resources

Security of Supply Index to be 
maintained at 100

Security of Supply Index was 
100. No water restrictions 
for the 13th consecutive year

Leakage control based on 
three-year rolling average

Maintain at 84Ml/d

82Ml/d achieved in 2009/10

Asset condition above ground Maintain stable

Asset condition below ground Maintain stable

Stable

Stable

Meet Drinking Water 
Inspectorate milestones for 
water mains rehabilitation

Complete five milestone 
packages of improvements

Completed

Improvements to continuous 
discharges

Complete 95 schemes by  
31 March 2010

Completed

Improvements to intermittent 
sewage overflows

Complete 113 schemes by  
31 March 2010

Completed

PERIODIC REVIEW 2009
Following submission of South West Water’s Final Business Plan in April 2009, the company’s 
Final Determination was made by Ofwat on 26 November 2009. Key elements of the Final 
Determination for the company included:

•	 a	cost	of	capital	of	4.5%	(real,	post	tax	basis),	applicable	to	the	whole	industry
•	 ‘K’	price	increases	(above	RPI	inflation)	averaging	1.9%	per	annum	over	the	five	years
•	 a	capital	programme	of	around	£705	million	at	2007/08	prices
•	 a	Capital	Incentive	Scheme	(CIS)	score	of	105	(water)	and	110	(sewerage),	in	line	with	the	

industry average

•	 operating	efficiency	improvements	of	2.8%	per	annum,	comparable	with	K4	delivery
•	 over	the	period	2010-2015	average	bills	decreasing	by	1%	before	inflation
•	 capital	investment	priorities,	including	protection	and	maintenance	of	the	improvements	made	
over the last 20 years, further improvements to meet EU Directives and their corresponding 
UK legislation, achievement of operating cost savings and delivery of projects to increase levels 
of renewable energy generation and to improve sustainability of the company’s activities.

Further information on the Final Determination is available on the company’s website 
southwestwater.co.uk

GROWTH IN REGULATORY  
CAPITAL VALUE
Regulatory Capital Value (RCV) is the financial 
base used by Ofwat to allow a rate of return 
and set prices at each Periodic Review. 
The RCV at 31 March 2010 amounted to 
£2.621 billion. After adjustment for PR09 
log up/down and other Final Determination 
adjustments the figure is £2.555 billion which 
represents an increase of 3.8% in the year. 
From 31 March 2005 to 31 March 2010 the 
company achieved a 31% growth in RCV, the 
highest percentage increase of any quoted UK 
water company.

The gearing ratio in relation to adjusted year-
end Regulatory Capital Value improved to 
60.6% from 63.8% in 2008/09.

The growth in RCV adds directly to shareholder 
value as the allowed return is attributed to 
South West Water’s asset base by Ofwat.

REGULATORY CAPITAL VALUE

Notes
+  Source: Ofwat, adjusted for logging up/down of 

capital expenditure, K5 to K4 capital advancement, 
land sales and COPI adjustments from Ofwat’s Final 
Determination

KPi

2.7 

2.5 

2.3

2.1

1.9

1.7

n
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£

+
5
5
5
2

.

1
6
4
2

.

8
0
4
2

.

5
6
2
2

.

1
9
0
2

.

0
9
8
1

.

Financial 
year

5
0
/
4
0
0
2

6
0
/
5
0
0
2

7
0
/
6
0
0
2

8
0
/
7
0
0
2

9
0
/
8
0
0
2

0
1
/
9
0
0
2

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.17

 
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LEGISLATIVE DRIVERS
The water industry in the UK is subject to 
substantial national and EU regulation. This places 
significant statutory obligations on South West 
Water with regard to, amongst other things, the 
quantity of water abstracted, and the quality and 
quantity of waste water discharged. Examples 
of relevant EU directives include the Drinking 
Water Directive, the Habitats Directive, the 
Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive and 
the updated Bathing Water Directive.

CLImATE CHANGE
South West Water is working closely with 
many organisations to assess the implications 
of climate change for water supply and waste 
water services. Adaptation and mitigation 
plans are being developed which will involve 
innovative approaches and new methods of 
influencing catchment behaviour upstream of 
its water supply systems, in sewered areas and 
downstream of its waste water systems to 
protect the wider environment.

The Water Framework Directive was 
incorporated into UK law in 2003. It 
provides a framework for the protection 
and improvement of the quality of water 
resources, together with the promotion of 
sustainable water consumption. To comply 
with the Water Framework Directive, 
EU member states will have to achieve 
the challenging target of ‘good’ status for 
groundwater, rivers, estuarine waters and 
coastal waters, in three six-year cycles, the 
first running from 2009 to 2015. The Final 
River Basin Management Plan, published by 
the Environment Agency in December 2009, 
confirmed that the Plan’s implications are 
unlikely to require changes to South West 
Water’s assets at least until 2015, due to the 
successful delivery of a wide range of river, 
estuarine and coastal water environmental 
improvements by the company since 1989.

Further legislative regulations are expected 
for the water industry following introduction 
of the Flood and Water Management Act in 
April 2010. Many of the changes are expected 
to implement the recommendations of the 
Pitt Report which was commissioned after the 
severe flooding in other parts of the country 
in summer 2007.

The company’s final Water Resources Plan 
for the next 25 years was published in the 
summer of 2009 and was approved by Defra. 
It includes information relating to rainfall and 
temperature variations. The plan includes 
allowances for demand changes associated 
with climate change. Predictive models are in 
place to address uncertainty. Infrastructure 
developments have been identified, the timing 
of which can be adjusted if the expected rate 
of climate change alters. Increasingly efficient 
and careful use of water plays a major part in 
adapting to the expected effects.

INCIDENTS
There were no Category 1 incidents for the 
11th year in succession. Two Category 2 
(significant pollution) events and 69 Category 
3 events were recorded by the Environment 
Agency in 2009 which were deemed non-
compliant with discharge consents. This 
compares with three Category 2 incidents and 
64 Category 3 incidents in 2008. The total 
number of waste water pollution incidents in 
2009 was 106 (2008 92). 41% of the Category 
2 and 3 incidents in 2009 were identified by 
the company and self-reported.

Flexible	plans	in	place	 
for	climate	change

PROSECUTIONS
During the year the company was convicted 
on four occasions for environmental offences 
and fined a total of £11,500 (2008/09 four 
convictions and fines of £28,100).

The company always self-reports incidents it 
becomes aware of and co-operates fully with 
any investigation undertaken by the relevant 
regulatory authority. After each pollution 
incident, the company takes such steps as are 
necessary to ensure as far as possible that the 
incident will not be repeated and also seeks 
to ensure that lessons learned are widely 
disseminated throughout the company.

  CUSTOmERS, COmmUNITY 
  AND EmPLOYEES

HEALTH AND SAFETY 
PERFORmANCE
The health, safety and welfare of South West 
Water’s employees remain paramount in all its 
activities. The company has a health and safety 
strategy which focuses on providing strong 
leadership, engaging with employees, building 
competence and measuring performance. 
These principles are promoted by a health and 
safety steering group including a cross-section 
of the company’s directors, managers and 
employee representatives.

Occupational health and safety are key 
elements of South West Water’s risk 
management and internal control processes. 
We continue to pursue initiatives to improve 
further the welfare of the company’s 
employees through the provision of training 
on, and promotion of, good health and 
safety practices.

RIDDOR accidents and incidents per 1,000 
employees totalled 13 in 2009 compared 
with 21 in 2008 and we welcome this 
improvement.

RATES PER 1,000 EMPLOYEES

KPi

1
2

3
1

2
1

9

3
1

25 

20 

15 

10 

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7
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8
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P.18  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business customers continue to have access 
to a secure online system which tracks and 
displays consumption on their sites. South 
West Water’s ‘Business Accounts Online’ also 
offers a water efficiency calculator with a free 
water audit. Since the launch of the calculator 
tool in November 2007 211 businesses with 
over 7,250 water service accounts have 
registered to use the water efficiency element 
of this service.

OVERALL PERFORmANCE 
ASSESSmENT
The Overall Performance Assessment (OPA) 
index is maintained by Ofwat as a comparative 
tool to measure companies’ performance. 
The OPA is based on performance in areas 
such as customer service, complaint handling, 
billing, debt collection, asset serviceability, 
environmental compliance and quality of 
drinking water delivered. In 2008/09 South 
West Water’s performance moved to eighth 
place amongst the ten water and sewerage 
companies (seventh in 2007/08).

Ofwat has announced that OPA will be 
replaced with a new measure of water 
industry customer performance, called the 
Service Incentive Mechanism. 2010/11 data will 
be reported on this new basis.

CUSTOmER SATISFACTION OVERALL
South West Water’s ‘Customer Plus’ 
programme is transforming the customer 
experience with the aim of making it 
amongst the best in the industry. In 2009/10 
customer contact performance improved 
significantly. The number of complaints 
about billing, charges and water and 
sewerage services has fallen.

CUSTOmER SATISFACTION CALL 
HANDLING
Ofwat measures the overall manner in which 
a customer call is handled. The measure 
is obtained by quarterly tracking surveys 
undertaken by an independent company 
engaged and managed by Ofwat. The data is 
averaged for the year to assess a performance 
trend. For 2009/10 the satisfaction score was 
4.53 (2008/09 4.5). The maximum score is 5.0.

The company continues to promote the 
efficient use of water with advice and practical 
support for householders and non-domestic 
customers. An education programme for 
schools has also been developed this year to 
extend the spread and reach of this work. 
As part of the WaterCare programme 
and to investigate customers’ high water 
consumption queries, 2,831 audits were 
completed in 2009/10 (2008/09 3,088).

South West Water continues to support 
business customers through water 
efficiency reviews, waste minimisation 
projects, providing advice for water 
management plans and by highlighting 
opportunities for reduction, re-use or 
alternative sources of supply.

CUSTOmERS
South West Water has consulted with 
customers about its priorities for 2010-
2015 and this feedback has been central 
to the development of customer service 
improvement plans to deliver its Pure Water, 
Pure Service and Pure Environment strategy.

Providing help and support to customers in 
need is at the heart of the company’s Pure 
Service strategy and accordingly the company 
remains an industry leader in the provision 
of priority services to vulnerable customers. 
In 2009/10 the company helped thousands of 
such customers with reading their meters or 
by providing extra help in an emergency.

‘WaterCare’, the company’s industry-leading 
programme to support customers who have 
difficulty in paying their bills, completed a 
third successful year. Since the start of the 
programme over 7,000 customers have been 
helped with benefit entitlement checks, tariff 
advice and water-saving measures.

The WaterCare programme has been 
commended by the Government.

Customers are kept informed about 
our services through ‘WaterLevel’ (our 
company newspaper), leaflets, the media 
and our website southwestwater.co.uk 
Consultation with customers and stakeholders 
has an influence on the improvements made 
to our literature and website as we seek to 
provide information of interest in increasingly 
accessible ways.

The company meets regularly with the 
Consumer Council for Water (CCWater), 
which champions the interests of water 
customers. It consults with CCWater and 
other stakeholders such as pensioners’ forums 
and Citizens Advice, prior to introducing 
major changes or initiatives.

CUSTOMER SATISFACTION 
OVERALL

CUSTOMER SATISFACTION 
CALL HANDLING

OVERALL PERFORMANCE  
ASSESSMENT

KPi

100 

90 

80

70 

60 

50 

40 

30 

20 

10 

0

%
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a
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f
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Financial year

2005/06

2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10

6
7

8
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2
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1
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5
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.

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1

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KPi

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.3

4.2

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3
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KPi

420 

410 

400 

390 

380 

370 

360 

350

i

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A
P
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1
1
4

4
9
3

9
8
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6
8
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0
8
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Financial 
year

6
0
/
5
0
0
2

7
0
/
6
0
0
2

8
0
/
7
0
0
2

9
0
/
8
0
0
2

0
1
/
9
0
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2

Financial 
year

6
0
/
5
0
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2

7
0
/
6
0
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2

8
0
/
7
0
0
2

9
0
/
8
0
0
2

0
1
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9
0
0
2

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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COmmUNITY, CORPORATE 
RESPONSIBILITY AND SPONSORSHIP
South West Water concentrates its 
sponsorship on community projects and 
organisations within its service area which are 
linked to water, benefit the environment or 
promote youth participation.

Highlights in 2009/10 included the staging 
of a series of environmental walks with 
Cornwall Wildlife Trust around the coastline 
to mark the completion of a pipe replacement 
scheme at Looe and sponsoring the ‘Nipper’ 
youth championships of the Surf Life Saving 
Association of Great Britain at Falmouth.

Other supported events ranged from the 
TRAIL environmental art sculpture festival on 
the South West Coast Path between Dawlish 
and Shaldon and the opening of Pynes water 
treatment works, Brokenbury waste water 
treatment works and Mary Tavy hydro power 
station for guided public tours during the 
national Heritage Open Days.

For the third year the company also 
co-sponsored South West Tourism’s annual 
awards and funded the sustainable tourism 
prize. This demonstrates how its ‘Clean 
Sweep’ project has helped underpin the 
renaissance of tourism, the region’s number 
one industry. 

The company is proud to support the 
water industry charity, WaterAid, through 
sponsorship and many other fund-
raising activities such as the publication 
of a calendar featuring water-themed 
photographs taken by Group employees.

EmPLOYEES
South West Water’s people strategy 
continues to focus on recruiting and 
developing individuals who can support 
the delivery of the company’s ‘Pure’ vision, 
enabling the provision of a high quality 
service to customers and the achievement of 
operational efficiencies.

Technical and managerial skills training have 
underpinned the company’s Puros project. 
A range of other learning programmes to 
support the development of customer facing 
and operational skills continue to form a 
fundamental part of our strategy.

Employee involvement and participation in 
all aspects of business and organisational 
change is encouraged and supported through 
the company’s Staff Council and craft and 
industrial consultative forums.

  KEY RELATIONSHIPS

REGULATORS AND OTHERS
Relationships with regulators, Government 
and its agencies, customer representative 
organisations and its customers are central 
to South West Water’s operations. The 
company maintains a continuing dialogue with 
Ofwat, the Environment Agency and the 
Drinking Water Inspectorate. It contributes 
to national policy on developing issues 
through its membership of Water UK, the 
industry trade body. 

The company works with the Consumer 
Council for Water to ensure that customers’ 
issues and concerns are addressed and a full 
understanding of the company’s activities is 
maintained.

PROCUREmENT AND SUPPLIERS
South West Water’s procurement strategy 
is focussed on partnering and strategic 
alliances with 60 key suppliers who account 
for the large majority of expenditure. 
Regular meetings are held to manage 
performance, encourage sustainable 
business activity and to identify and deliver 
continuous improvement opportunities for 
reducing costs further whilst improving 
performance and service levels.

The company has successfully completed a 
programme of tendering strategic contracts 
in preparation for the K5 period and has 
established a new ‘H5O’ Delivery Alliance 
structure for delivery of its 2010-15 capital 
programme. This will enable the company 
to work closely with suppliers, particularly 
small and medium-sized businesses  
across the South West, ensuring value for 
money for customers and supporting the 
regional economy.

No supplier (revenue) accounts for more 
than 5% of revenue and South West Water 
sources all its purchases from competitive 
markets. South West Water’s electricity 
supplies have been secured to 2014 through 
recently negotiated fixed price contracts.

South West Water achieved a ‘Green Apple’ 
award for transforming a disused sludge lagoon 
into a pond for wildlife with a number of 
other habitat improvements around its water 
treatment works site at Tottiford, near Bovey 
Tracey. This project was shortlisted as a finalist 
in the Community Campaign of the Year 
category of the Water Industry Achievement 
Awards. This recognises the way South West 
Water engaged with adults with learning 
difficulties for the supply of bat, bird and 
dormouse boxes now fitted across the site.

‘H5O’	Delivery	Alliance	in	place	for	
the	2010-15	capital	programme

P.20  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
SOUTH WEST WATER’S PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Risk

mitigation

Tighter price controls over the revenue of 
the company’s regulated business

The current periodic review was completed in November 2009 when Ofwat set water 
company charges for the years 2010-2015. South West Water has met Ofwat’s efficiency 
targets in the last three Periodic Review periods.

Failure to deliver the capital investment 
programme

The company may be unable to raise 
sufficient funds to finance its functions

The company has a track record of delivering its capital programme in accordance with 
regulatory requirements and progress is regularly monitored and reviewed. The K4 
capital programme has been delivered and the company has developed plans to deliver 
the K5 programme.

Pennon Group and the company have robust treasury policies in place. These include policies 
that there are always pre-drawn or committed facilities to cover at least one year’s estimated 
cashflow and that no more than 20% of borrowing matures in any one year. Treasury policies 
and risk management are described in more detail on pages 29 to 31. 

Failure to deliver operating cost savings 
implicit in the regulatory review

In line with its track record, the company remains confident of delivering the assumed 
operating cost savings. A major restructuring programme is currently being implemented to 
contribute towards the additional efficiencies required for the K5 period.

Environmental regulations and quality 
standards could increase the company’s 
costs

Climate change

Contamination of water supplies

Non-recovery of customer debt

These issues are addressed through the five-year regulatory review mechanism. 

The company has plans ready and will adapt the way it conducts its business to respond 
effectively to the hotter, drier summers and wetter winters which are anticipated.

The company has established procedures and controls in place, as well as contingency plans 
and incident management procedures. It also maintains insurance policies in relation to these 
risks, although there can be no assurance that all or any of the costs associated with these risks 
would be covered or that coverage will continue to be available in the future.

In addition to existing strategies, which are kept under review, South West Water continues to 
implement new initiatives to improve and secure cash collection, including the use of property 
charging orders. Stretching debt and collection targets – with incentives – have been agreed 
with the customer service contractor. The accounts of major customers are kept under close 
review. Provision has been made in the K5 Final Determination for companies to make an 
application for an Interim Determination in the event of household bad debts being significantly 
above the amount allowed by the water regulator due to worsening economic circumstances in 
the company’s operating area.

Water resource adequacy

The company has a number of schemes in place to maintain water resources (such as pumped 
storage for certain reservoirs) and promotes conservation measures.

Operational failures

Reduced revenue from falling customer 
demand for water

In particular, South West Water prepares a new Water Resources Plan every five years and 
reviews it annually for a range of climate change and demand scenarios. The Water Resources 
Plan indicates that no new reservoirs are required before the planning horizon of 2035. 
However, investment is needed to develop the overall trunk main infrastructure, to expand 
treatment capacity and to enhance certain pumped storage facilities.

The company is able to monitor its significant assets by automated and remote operation and 
has routine controls and operating procedures in place that are constantly kept under review. 
Asset management techniques are employed to pre-empt the failure of assets.

The reduced demand experienced in the K4 regulatory period has been taken into account 
by the regulator in setting a baseline turnover level for the K5 period. A revenue correction 
mechanism is in place from the start of the K5 period, which allows water companies to 
recover a shortfall in income for a five-year regulatory period in the next period.

Financial loss arising from the insolvency of 
a major supplier or contractor

The company uses a third party credit monitoring service to track changes to major 
suppliers’ financial status and creditworthiness to supplement an annual risk review of key 
and strategic suppliers.

Impact of competition in the industry

South West Water continues to consider and evaluate developments and proposals in relation 
to the development of competition as part of its risk management and business strategic 
planning processes. Legislation will be required for any further extension of competition in the 
water and sewerage markets.

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.21

 
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ABOUt OUr BUsinesses – ViriDOr

  REGULATORY AND 
  COmPETITIVE ENVIRONmENT

The UK is required under the EU Landfill 
Directive to reduce the amount of 
biodegradable municipal waste going to 
landfill sites to:

–  75% of 1995 level by 2010
–  50% of 1995 level by 2013
–  35% of 1995 level by 2020.

The Pre-Treatment Regulations 2007 
require all waste going to landfill to have 
undergone some form of pre-treatment 
(including recycling).

At the same time the Government has 
set targets in England for recycling and 
composting of municipal waste to increase 
from the current level of around 35% 
to 40% by 2010, 45% by 2015 and 50% 
by 2020. Higher targets are in place for 
some of the devolved administrations. The 
Government is promoting recycling by 
various measures including encouraging 
councils to provide separate collection of 
recyclables which enhances the recycling 
rate obtainable at MRFs. There are specific 
targets for recycling of all packaging with 
financial incentives in the form of Packaging 
Recovery Notes (PRNs) and Packaging 
Export Recovery Notes (PERNs). Specific 
regulations affect waste electrical and 
electronic equipment (WEEE) which has its 
own system of Evidence Notes.

The Government introduced landfill tax 
as an incentive to divert waste away from 
landfill sites. Landfill tax applies to all waste 
disposed of at a licensed landfill site, unless 
the waste is specifically exempt, such as soil 
from historically contaminated sites up to 
2012. Landfill tax is chargeable by weight. 
For inert waste, landfill tax was chargeable 
at £2.50 per tonne from 1 April 2008 and 
this has been frozen to 2010/11. A standard 
rate of £48 per tonne applies to all other 
taxable waste (up from £32 in 2008/09) 
which is due to rise by a further £8 per 
tonne per annum to reach a level of £80 per 
tonne in 2014/15.

In order to meet the requirements of 
the Landfill Directive, individual local 
authorities have also been set statutory 
targets for the diversion of biodegradable 
municipal waste from landfill. Each waste 
disposal authority has been allocated an 
allowance of the amount of biodegradable 
waste it may dispose of to landfill for the 
years 2005 to 2020. These allowances are 
designed to ensure that the UK as a whole 
achieves the requirements of the EU Landfill 
Directive. Subject to some constraints, 
local authorities can carry forward or trade 
allowances under the Landfill Allowance 
Trading Scheme (LATS). Any authority 
exceeding its allocation without such an 
allowance faces a penalty of £150 per 
tonne in addition to the cost of disposing 
of the waste. This is expected to result in 
the introduction of alternative treatment 
and disposal processes at higher cost than 
current routes.

The Government is currently consulting on 
possible long-term bans on the disposal of 
certain types of waste to landfill.

Under the Environmental Permitting (England 
and Wales) Regulations 2007 all waste 
handling, treatment and disposal facilities 
previously operating under either a waste 
management licence or a Pollution Prevention 
and Control (PPC) permit require an 
Environmental Permit.

PLANNING FOR WASTE AND 
RECYCLING INFRASTRUCTURE
All waste management facilities, including the 
development and expansion of landfill sites, 
are subject to planning permission from the 
relevant local authority. Major facilities such 
as EfW plants above 50 MW must receive 
consent from the relevant Secretary of State.

Viridor believes that good environmental 
and operational management is important 
to winning future planning consents. It has 
now implemented its integrated Business 
Management System incorporating externally 
accredited environmental, quality and health 
and safety management standards (ISO 14001, 
ISO 9001 and OHSAS 18001).

Planning applications are subject to rigorous 
assessment by local authorities who 
will consider them against the backdrop 
of policies contained within the local 
development plan framework which have 
been adopted for their areas. Applications 
have to address a wide range of issues 
and the relevant regulators are statutory 
consultees in this process.

Viridor’s	growth	
strategy is 
focussed	on	
recovering	value	
from	waste	
through	recycling	
and generation of 
renewable	energy

P.22  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
INTEGRATED mUNICIPAL WASTE 
mANAGEmENT CONTRACTS AND 
THE ROLE OF PRIVATE FINANCE 
INITIATIVES OR PUBLIC PRIVATE 
PARTNERSHIPS
To assist in meeting their landfill diversion 
targets, many local authorities are seeking to 
let integrated waste management contracts 
covering a range of activities often including 
household waste recycling sites (HWRS), 
composting, recycling and recovery, EfW, waste 
transfer and bulk transport and final disposal.

In a number of instances these will be financed 
under PFI arrangements where local authorities 
apply to the Government for the funding of 
capital projects which fall within the eligibility 
criteria. Successful applicants receive cash 
funds (known as PFI credits) which do not 
have to be repaid and can be used by the local 
authorities to fund a proportion of the capital 
and operating expenditures needed for projects.

Councils may also choose to let long-term 
contracts using PPP arrangements. Under this 
they avoid the complexities of securing PFI 
credits. Viridor considers that the operational 
nature of the contract is very similar whether 
it is a PFI or a PPP.

Viridor has been operating a 25-year PFI 
contract with West Sussex County Council 
since 2004, and a 25-year PPP contract with 
Somerset County Council since 2006. In 
early April 2009 the Viridor/Laing consortium 
reached financial close for the 25-year Greater 
Manchester PFI waste and renewable energy 
contract, the largest of its kind in the UK.

WASTE REGULATION 
ENVIRONmENT
EU Directives and related UK legislation, 
as well as planning and licensing, have been 
referred to previously.

The Environment Agency (EA) and the 
Scottish Environment Protection Agency 
(SEPA) monitor performance against 
permit and licence conditions and general 
environmental law. Major breaches are 
subject to prosecution. The EA and SEPA 
can also require the operator to  
undertake upgrades to ensure future 
compliance and, where a pollution incident 
or permit or licence breach has occurred, 
remedial action.

Waste facilities are also subject to the same 
regulations as other industries, including 
health and safety, Control of Substances 
Hazardous to Health (CoSHH) and the 
Working Time Directive. In addition the 
transport of waste and recycled materials is 
subject to specific regulation and controls.

RENEWABLES OBLIGATION (RO) 
ORDER 2009 (ROO 2009)
Under the RO the Government has a target 
to generate 10% of UK electricity usage 
from renewables by 2010, and 15% by 2015 
(compared with around 6% generation from 
renewables at present). The EU has set the 
UK a target of 15% of total energy, including 
heating, transport and other energy 
uses, to be generated from renewables. 
This potentially equates to over 30% of 
electricity from renewables in the UK.

Viridor recognises that there is a range of risks 
associated with entering into such contracts, 
which are often for a 25-year term. However, 
subject to a careful assessment of the risks on 
a contract-by-contract basis, the company will 
continue seeking to secure such contracts.

Production of renewable energy is 
incentivised under the RO whereby 
renewable energy generators get a premium 
for the Renewables Obligation Certificate 
(ROC) in addition to the underlying ‘brown 
energy’ price for their production.  

This premium relates to the balance 
between actual UK output and target UK 
output. At present the UK is behind target 
and many believe it will remain so for some 
considerable time. In addition, ROO 2009 
has introduced a mechanism so that such 
‘headroom’ will be maintained. Eligibility for 
ROCs is governed by complex rules. Landfill 
gas, anaerobic digestion (AD) and certain 
other waste technologies including ‘good 
quality’ CHP (such as the planned Runcorn 
EfW CHP plant) are eligible.

A recent change in RO in 2009 was the 
introduction of the banding of ROCs. The 
impact of this change is that all landfill gas 
projects accredited by 1 April 2009 will 
continue to receive one ROC per Megawatt 
hour. This will also apply to any additional 
capacity provided it is commissioned by 
1 April 2011. Those accredited after that 
date will only receive 25% of one ROC. 
Viridor ensured that the vast majority of 
its potential capacity was appropriately 
accredited by 1 April 2009. In addition 
certain technologies such as AD have been 
incentivised with double ROCs. Viridor is 
pursuing a number of AD opportunities and 
has currently secured six planning consents.

37% of Viridor’s landfill gas power 
generation output is under NFFO schemes. 
These contracts are due to end in tranches 
over the next six years after which the 
output can transfer to the RO. Prior to 
the RO renewable energy generation was 
incentivised under the NFFO. Under this, 
users of relevant technologies could sell 
their output on medium/long fixed price 
contracts rising in line with inflation. The 
overall price per MWh achievable under 
NFFO contracts is lower than that currently 
received under the RO.

44%	of	Viridor’s	profit	now	comes	from	recovering	
value	from	waste

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.23

  CUSTOmERS, COmmUNITY
  AND EmPLOYEES

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The company employs a comprehensive range 
of technical and professional managerial and 
operational and support personnel. Many 
are vocationally trained and have extensive 
operational experience. Membership of 
relevant trade unions and professional bodies 
is widespread and is encouraged.

Viridor’s equal opportunities policies and 
procedures seek to ensure that bias and 
discrimination in the treatment of job 
applicants and employees are eliminated. 
Training and appropriate support is provided 
to implement this throughout the company. 
Every effort is made to accommodate any 
form of disability by the use of reasonable 
adjustments in the workplace.

Viridor is pursuing a number of occupational 
health and safety initiatives, particularly 
focusing on reducing slip, trip and fall type 
accidents, continuing improvements in 
transport management, reducing vehicle/
personnel interfaces and improving manual 
handling performance. Accreditation to the 
OHSAS 18001 international health and safety 
standard has been achieved across all sites 
with the exception of two electrical recycling 
sites which are planned to be certified by 
the end of this year. This accreditation is 
part of the company’s integrated business 
management system (BMS), which provides 
the vehicle for delivering health and safety 
standards and procedures.

Viridor’s reportable accident and incident rate 
per 100,000 employees is an important KPI 
and is set out below for the period 2005 to 
2009. The company is very disappointed that 
the rate rose from 1,505 in 2008 to 2,445 per 
100,000 employees in 2009. 

This increase in reportable accidents (to 
67 in total) was due primarily to manual 
handling type injuries and slips, trips and falls 
which are the company’s largest cause of 
accidents. Despite comparing favourably with 
industry averages in previous years, Viridor’s 
focus on health and safety improvement and 
performance has been further strengthened. 
The company has recruited additional health 
and safety professionals and continues to raise 
the level of training and support available to 
its staff. Particular efforts are being made 
to reinforce strong positive attitudes to 
health and safety at all levels in the company 
and health and safety is a key aspect of 
management incentive schemes.

KPi

5
4
4
2

,

RIDDOR ACCIDENT AND  
INCIDENT RATES

2500

2250

2000

1750

1500

1250

1000

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8
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,

8
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8
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5
0
5
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Calendar 
year

5
0
0
2

6
0
0
2

7
0
0
2

8
0
0
2

9
0
0
2

ENVIRONmENT
Viridor’s operations create significant positive 
environmental impacts including: safe and 
efficient treatment and disposal of society’s 
waste materials; increased resource and 
energy efficiency from its recycling and energy 
recovery operations; the capture of methane 
(a greenhouse gas 21 times as potent as 
carbon dioxide (CO2)); the generation of 
renewable energy; and the restoration of 
despoiled landscapes such as disused mineral 
workings through the controlled deposit of 
waste materials. Significant negative impacts 
include: transportation and associated 
emissions; methane production (where not 
harnessed for energy generation or flared); 
leachate production; energy use in materials 
processing; and potential local impacts such as 
dust, noise, litter and odour.

Having led the industry in the development 
and implementation of an Environmental 
Management System, Viridor’s integrated 
Business Management System (BMS) 
now incorporates externally accredited 
environmental, quality and health and safety 
systems. This allows clear targets to be set 
and met to maximise benefits and positive 
impacts and reduce and prevent adverse 
impacts, resulting in continuous improvement 
in these key areas.

Accreditation to the BMS across all sites and 
operations has been retained during 2009/10, 
accredited shortly. The company continues to 
report against the environmental performance 
indicators for the waste industry which it 
helped to develop and which are endorsed by 
the Green Alliance.

The amount of waste recycled and traded by 
the company grew by 3.5% to a little over 1.4 
million tonnes.

Accreditation	 
to OHSAS 18001 
international	health	and	
safety standard planned 
across	all	sites

P.24  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Viridor promotes positive  
working	relationships	with	regulators	 
and	communities

SOCIAL AND COmmUNITY ISSUES
A ‘good neighbour’ policy is implemented at all facilities managed by 
Viridor. This includes local liaison groups meeting regularly at major 
sites, enabling local community stakeholders to be consulted and to 
be informed about the company’s plans and operating procedures. 
Liaison group members include locally elected representatives of the 
community as well as representatives of the regulator, the relevant 
planning and waste authority and other local stakeholders.

Viridor supports two ‘adopted’ charities, Scope and the Primary 
Immunodeficiency Association (PIA). The company match-funds 
amounts raised by employees for these charities and also provides 
a ‘payroll giving’ facility enabling employees to directly donate to 
their chosen charity. Viridor also fully participates in the Landfill 
Communities Fund, a scheme whereby a proportion of Landfill Tax 
can be claimed as credits and distributed to qualifying community and 
environmental projects. During the year Viridor provided £9.4 million 
to Viridor Credits Environmental Company, an independent distributive 
environmental body. Funding is allocated at grassroots level by steering 
groups established to serve areas close to operational landfill sites.

  KEY RELATIONSHIPS

All waste and recycling facilities in England and Wales require 
environmental permits, or waste management licences or PPC permits 
in Scotland. These are issued and monitored by the EA and SEPA 
respectively. Viridor maintains a positive working relationship with the 
regulators via proactive liaison and issues management, at both a site-
specific and strategic level.

Local authorities are the largest single customer group accounting 
in total for 31% of the company’s revenue. No individual authority 
accounts for more than 11%. Viridor’s ROC contracts account for 
7% of revenue primarily with one customer. No supplier accounts 
for more than 6% of Viridor’s revenue. The company sources from 
competitive markets.

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.25

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  VIRIDOR’S PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Risk

mitigation

RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH CURRENT UK 
AND WORLD ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

Current UK and world economic conditions are highly uncertain. Though less affected than many 
companies, Viridor is by no means immune to general economic conditions. A full assessment of 
the key risks to Viridor’s business arising from current economic uncertainties has been conducted, 
including the following:

Landfill volumes may decline due to 
contraction in economy

The majority of inputs are from long-term local authority contracts or Viridor’s own collection fleet. 
This risk is most pertinent to the 40% of Viridor’s volumes which are not from these inputs. Local 
authority and Viridor volumes have been less affected to date.

Landfill prices

Recyclate prices

Collection volumes (particularly industrial 
customers) are subject to economic conditions

Bad debt collection more challenging in an 
economic downturn

Government funding cutbacks may lead to 
the delay or abandonment of major waste 
projects.

To date, landfill prices in general have proved robust. In a prolonged recession such prices may be 
impacted by increased price competition.

Recyclate prices are, like any commodity, volatile and are directly impacted by world economic 
conditions. The effect is most significant on the 40% of Viridor’s recycling volumes of 
internationally traded commodities such as paper, card, plastics and metals. However  
recyclate is typically cheaper than virgin materials which limits the impact on prices for good 
quality recyclate. Recyclate prices have recovered to the levels pertaining before the global 
financial crisis.

Currently margins are holding up. However volumes have fallen significantly.

Viridor’s record of bad debts has been, and remains, good based on tight management controls and 
the ability to put customers ‘on stop’ and, for example, refusing to accept waste at its landfills if 
debts are not being paid.

Viridor’s existing business with local authorities is covered by contracts on a variety of terms 
up to 25 years.

INCREASES IN LANDFILL COSTS MAY 
NOT BE RECOVERED THROUGH PRICE 
INCREASES

The raising of environmental standards is leading to a gradual increase in landfill costs in general, 
including engineering (resulting in increased depreciation) and restoration and aftercare costs. 
Viridor, with landfills engineered to modern standards with good environmental control systems, 
should incur lower than average increases in costs. 

Recovery of costs of legislative change

Aftercare costs levels

Residual contamination

Municipal contracts typically last for up to seven years. They usually have provision for price 
increases under set formulae related to inflation and some include legislative or technical changes. 
Prices for other types of waste depend more on local markets and competitive conditions. Prices, as 
a long-term trend, have risen fast enough at least to cover cost increases.

Costs which are assessed over 30 years are best estimates based on Viridor’s own experience and 
are updated at each stage of the capital expenditure programme.

Viridor’s landfill aftercare management includes restoration, maintenance, supervision, 
monitoring and management of gas and leachate levels after the landfilling activities have ceased. 
Provision is also made for estimated costs of remediation if required. The EA or SEPA will only 
grant a full or partial surrender of the permit once it is satisfied that the landfill no longer poses 
any environmental risk.

Estimated compaction rates  
(tonnes per cubic metre)

These are best estimates, based on current information, which are reviewed every year based on 
actual compaction rates assessed by external consultants. 

P.26  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
Risk

mitigation

THE UK GOVERNMENT’S WASTE 
STRATEGY, STEMMING FROM THE 
LANDFILL DIRECTIVE, WILL LEAD TO A 
REDUCTION IN VOLUMES OF WASTE 
BEING DISPOSED TO LANDFILL.

Government initiatives are having an impact and the amount of municipal waste being disposed of 
to landfill is declining. Assuming Landfill Directive targets are met, the total amount of municipal 
solid waste which will be landfilled in 2020 will be five to 10 million tonnes. The Government is 
now seeking to reduce the amount of industrial and commercial waste to be landfilled. However 
it is believed there will still be a significant total landfill market in 2020 and beyond.

Scarcity of landfill will ensure available voidspace remains a valuable asset. With the exception 
of the most recent year, Viridor has seen its underlying landfill volumes holding steady probably 
reflecting a greater share of the landfill market.

PRICING AND OTHER RISKS RELATING 
TO RENEWABLE ENERGY:

Fluctuating ‘brown energy’ prices

Changes in ROC pricing mechanism

UK renewable energy generating capacity & 
licensed electricity suppliers

Viridor’s ‘brown energy’ prices were fixed at high levels through to the end of March 2010. Brown 
energy prices will continue to be determined by the world and UK energy market and may go down 
as well as up. Current prices are around £30 per MWh lower than achieved in 2009/10 which will 
affect the company’s 2010/11 power generation comparative performance in 2010/11.

The Government has made a strong commitment to renewables which are key to meeting the 
UK’s long-term carbon reduction strategy. To date the major political parties have stressed 
their commitment to ‘grandfather’ rights under current ROC schemes, which are not subject to 
retrospective changes. Renewables are also important in minimising the UK’s increasing reliance on 
imported energy. 

The value of ROCs is increased by the sharing of the buy-out price monies among holders of ROCs. 
The value of a ROC depends on the supply of renewable electricity relative to the UK’s annual 
increasing targets. It is also dependent on the financial strength of those suppliers who opt to pay the 
buy-out price. The insolvency of a licensed electricity supplier could lead to a drop in the value of the 
ROCs which Viridor sells.

Volume of gas generated

Current and future waste composition (including Biodegradable Municipal Waste (BMW) diversion due 
to Landfill Directive and calorific value) is assessed against costs on each landfill gas project. 

THE CURRENT PLANNING REGIME 
MAY RESTRICT THE AVAILABILITY OF 
FUTURE WASTE TREATMENT FACILITIES

Achievement of the Government’s targets for waste management is critically dependent on the 
planning system delivering sufficient waste treatment facilities. Viridor employs best practice 
throughout the planning process.

RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH LONG-
TERM INTEGRATED CONTRACTS 
(RISK TRANSFER IS A KEY PART OF 
GOVERNMENT PFI PROCUREMENT 
GUIDELINES)

Risks include waste volumes and mix, planning, technology, input costs and recyclate prices.  
A careful assessment of the risks and apportionment of them between client, main contractor, 
technology and equipment suppliers, and sub-contractors is a key part of the process of bidding 
and finalising a contract. Extensive due diligence is conducted so that risks are correctly identified. 
Viridor then seeks to protect itself through contractual documentation with its client, sub-
contractors and sub-suppliers.

Viridor takes a robust approach to this issue. If it cannot mitigate the risks satisfactorily or cannot 
get a reasonable commercial return for taking such risks, its policy is to accept the loss of such a 
contract rather than win it on unsatisfactory terms.

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.27

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ABOUt OUr BUsinesses – PennOn GrOUP

  OTHER FINANCIAL INFORmATION

OPERATING COSTS
Group operating costs for the year totalled £799.3 million and included 
the following major categories of expenditure:

CASH FLOW
In 2009/10 the Group once again had a strong operating cash flow, with 
net borrowing increasing by only £3 million. The operating cash flow 
was offset by capital expenditure and investment in acquisitions and joint 
ventures. 

Landfill tax  
Depreciation  
Manpower  
Transport  
Raw materials and consumables  
Property  
Power  
Abstraction and discharge consents  
Lease rentals – plant and machinery  
Statutory operating licences and royalties  

£m

150
135
132
51
27
26
24
8
8
8

ASSET VALUE OPINION
In the opinion of the Directors, the current market value of land and 
buildings is not significantly different from the holding cost shown in the 
financial statements.

GROUP INVESTmENT
Capital expenditure by the Group on property, plant and equipment 
was £190.2 million (2008/09 £231.8 million). The major categories of 
expenditure were:

Summarised cash flow 

 2009/10   2008/09

£m 

£m

Cash inflow from operations  

Pension contributions 

Net cash inflow from operations  

Net interest paid 

Dividends and tax paid  

Capital expenditure payments  

Acquisitions/joint ventures  

Net cash outflow  

Shares issued  

380 

(16) 

364 

(70) 

(68) 

(192) 

(40) 

(6) 

2 

Equity component of convertible bond issued  10 

Debt acquired with acquisitions  

Debt indexation/interest accruals  

Increase in net borrowings 

(5) 

(4) 

(3) 

341 

 (40)

301 

 (80) 

(100) 

(236) 

(3)

(118)

2 

–

– 

(13) 

 (129) 

SOUTH WEST WATER CAPITAL ExPENDITURE

VIRIDOR CAPITAL ExPENDITURE

Other £25m

Waste water treatment 
works and sludge £35m

Other £3m

Contracts £1m

Collection £3m

Information Technology £4m

Water treatment works £12m

Landfill £21m

Water mains £21m

Water distribution £19m

Sewerage £20m

Metering £7m

Recycling £15m

Renewable Energy £4m

Strong	operating	cash	flow	in	the	year

P.28  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIQUIDITY AND DEBT PROFILE
At 31 March 2010 the Group held cash and deposits of £494 million, and 
also had committed undrawn facilities of £200 million. During the year 
new borrowings and finance lease drawdowns, less debt repayments, 
amounted to £145 million. In April 2010 a further £100 million of debt 
facilities have been established or renewed.

At 31 March 2010 loans and finance lease obligations were £2,389 million, 
giving net debt (after the £494 million cash) of £1,895 million, an increase 
of £3 million during the year.

The major components of debt finance at 31 March 2010 were:

Convertible bond £113m Other £13m

Index-linked bond 2057 £219m

Private Placements £200m

Bank Bilateral Debt £319m

European Investment  
Bank loans £288m

Finance Leasing £1,237m

During the year the following finance initiatives were implemented:

•	 £125	million	convertible	bond
•	 £215	million	term	loans	and	RCFs	renewed
•	 £89	million	of	new	term	loans
•	 circa	£200	million	finance	lease	extended	to	2052	and	converted	to	

‘bullet’ repayment

•	 £25	million	finance	lease	for	South	West	Water
•	 £25	million	5-10	year	finance	lease	for	Viridor
•	 new	provider	for	£35	million	of	Environment	Agency	bonds	sourced.

Pennon Group debt has a maturity of 0-47 years with an average 
maturity of 23 years.

The Group has fixed or put in place swaps to fix the interest rate on 
50% of South West Water’s net debt for the entire K5 period. The 
average rate achieved on the £803 million fixed rate debt is circa 3.65%.

In addition, South West Water has approximately 23% of its debt 
index-linked to 2041-2057, at an overall real rate of 1.66%.

South West Water held cash and deposits of £265 million at  
31 March 2010 as a result of the prudent pre-funding of the  
capital programme.

Over 50% of gross debt relates to finance leasing which provides a 
long maturity profile and secured credit margins.

The fair value of borrowings, based on the market value of equivalent 
instruments at the balance sheet date, is detailed in note 27 to the 
financial statements and amounted to a £296 million funding benefit 
compared with book value as at 31 March 2010 (2009 £221 million). 

The interest payable on the Group’s finance leases benefits from 
the fixed credit margins secured at the inception of the lease.

The above measures and financing structure have ensured that the 
Group has the appropriate financing in place to:

•	 meet	its	current	requirements	from	existing	borrowing	facilities	
without breaching covenants or other borrowing restrictions

•	 give	sufficient	flexibility	to	implement	the	Group’s	strategic	

objectives and thereby maximise shareholder value.

CAPITAL STRUCTURE – OVERALL POSITION
With year-end net debt of £1,895 million, the Group year-end ratio of 
net debt to (equity plus net debt) was 74% (31 March 2009 76%). 

South West Water’s debt to Regulatory Capital Value (RCV) was 
60.6% at 31 March 2010 (2009 63.8%), within Ofwat’s ‘optimum 
range’ of 55% – 65%. 

Viridor is funded by a combination of Pennon Group equity and  
debt (raised by Pennon Group) and direct borrowing by Viridor.  
At the year-end Viridor’s net debt stood at £420 million (2009 £443 
million), equivalent to 3.7 times EBITDA (2008/09 4.2 times).

TREASURY POLICIES
The Group’s treasury function seeks to ensure that sufficient 
funding is available to meet foreseeable needs, maintain reasonable 
headroom for contingencies and manage interest rate risk. It 
operates within policies approved by the Board and does not 
undertake any speculative trading activity.

The Board regularly monitors the Group’s expected financing 
requirements for at least the next 12 months. These are expected to 
be met from existing cash balances, loan facilities and operating cash 
flows for the coming year.

The Group has considerable financial resources together with a broad 
spread of business activities. Consequently the Directors believe that 
the Group is well positioned to manage its business risks successfully 
despite the current uncertain economic outlook.

INTERNAL BORROWING
For regulatory purposes, South West Water funding is treated as effectively 
ring-fenced. Funds raised by, or for, South West Water are used in the 
appointed business (provision of water and sewerage services) and are 
not available as long-term funding for the rest of the Group.

GOING CONCERN
Having considered the Group’s funding position and financial projections 
as outlined above, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the 
Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for 
the foreseeable future. For this reason they continue to adopt the going 
concern basis in preparing the financial statements.

Interest	rates	fixed	for	50%	of	
South	West	Water’s	debt	to	2015

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TAxATION OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES
Pennon Group’s tax strategy is to enhance shareholder value by legally 
minimising taxes whilst having regard to the longer-term relationships 
with the taxing authorities. The Group will consider bona fide business 
arrangements which qualify for tax exemption or tax relief.

The Group made a net payment of £4 million for UK corporation 
tax in the year (2009 £31 million). The significant reduction in the 
net payment, compared to the prior year, is due to refunds received 
from HMRC arising on the reassessment of payments made in 
previous years.

The UK corporation tax charge of £43 million was less than the charge 
which would have arisen from the accounting profit of £184 million taxed 
at the statutory corporation tax rate of 28%. A reconciliation is provided 
in note 9 to the financial statements.

The Group’s total tax contribution extends beyond the corporation tax 
charge. A variety of taxes are incurred by the Group:

TAx CONTRIBUTION 2009/10

Landfill Tax £170m

Employment taxes £36m

Business rates £20m

Fuel excise duty £11m
VAT £7m

Corporation tax £4m
Other £2m

PENSIONS
The Group operates defined benefit pension schemes for certain 
existing staff of Pennon, South West Water and Viridor. The main 
schemes were closed to new entrants on or before 1 April 2008. 

The Group pension schemes had net liabilities (before deferred tax) at 
31 March 2010 of £108 million (2009 £66 million). The deficit increase 
was due to increased liabilities from a reduced discount rate and higher 
expected long-term inflation partially offset by employer contributions of 
£16m and increases in asset values from market movements.

The increase in fund assets from £276 million to £402 million includes 
£55 million from the acquisition of Greater Manchester Waste Limited. 

The net liabilities (after deferred tax) of £78 million represented less than 
5% of the Group’s total market capitalisation at 31 March 2010.

INSURANCE
The Group manages property and third party risks by the purchase of 
insurance policies. The main insurance policies cover property, business 
interruption, public liability, environmental pollution and employers’ liability. 

There are three tiers of insurance covering operating risks. The first 
tier is self-insurance in the form of a moderate deductible. The second 
tier is covered by the Group’s subsidiary, Peninsula Insurance Limited, 
which insures the layer of risk between the deductible and the cover 
provided by external insurers. The third tier of risk is placed with the 
external insurance market. The Group’s insurance brokers assist in 
sourcing appropriate insurance cover from insurance companies which 
have good credit ratings. 

Total taxes amounted to £250 million, of which £43 million was collected 
on behalf of the authorities for net VAT and employee payroll taxes.

  KEY RELATIONSHIPS

The most significant taxes involved and their profit impact were:
•	 landfill	tax	of	£146	million	was	accounted	for	by	the	Group	on	behalf	
of HMRC. Landfill tax is an operating cost which is chargeable to 
customers in turnover. In addition the Group incurred landfill tax of 
£24 million on the disposal of waste to third parties. This element is 
an operating cost for the Group and reduces profit before tax 
•	 Value	Added	Tax	(VAT)	of	£7	million	(net)	was	collected	by	the	
Group and paid to the taxation authorities. VAT has no material 
impact on profit before tax

•	 business	rates	of	£20	million	were	paid	during	the	year	to	local	

authorities. These are a direct cost to the Group and reduce profit 
before tax

•	 employment	taxes	of	£36	million	included	employees’	‘Pay	As	You	
Earn’ (PAYE) and total National Insurance Contributions (NICs). 
Employer NICs of £9 million were expensed around 93% to 
operating costs and around 7% capitalised to property, plant  
and equipment

•	 Fuel	Excise	Duty	of	£11	million	related	to	transport	costs.	 

This reduced profit before tax.

The key relationships and contractual arrangements for the Group are 
with its debt providers which include a number of financial institutions.

The majority of the Group’s debt is sourced from:

•	 finance	leasing
•	 European	Investment	Bank	loans
•	 bank	bilateral	facilities
•	 private	placements
•	 index-linked	bonds
•	 convertible	bonds.

Contract terms include financial and legal covenants as outlined in the 
covenant compliance risk section on page 31.

  PENNON’S  PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Risk

Commentary and mitigation

EARNINGS GROWTH/
SHAREHOLDER VALUE

It may not be possible to continue to 
sustain the same level of earnings and 
growth of the Group as in the past

There is a risk to shareholder value if the 
Group is not able to continue to grow its 
key businesses and produce sustainable 
earnings growth

This is dependent upon the correct strategies being pursued by strong and able management 
within the Group as well as on external factors. 

The Group has maintained earnings and has successfully grown both South West Water and 
Viridor and intends to continue to create shareholder value through its strategic focus on water 
and waste water services and waste management.

P.30  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
Risk

TREASURY

The Company may be unable to raise 
sufficient funds to finance its activities 

Liquidity risk

Commentary and mitigation

Pennon Group has robust treasury policies in place, as listed below:

Ensuring that the Group has cash and committed loan facilities equivalent to at least one year’s 
forecast requirements at all times. Borrowing repayment commitments are expected to be met 
as required during the coming period.

Refinancing risk

Ensuring that no more than 20% of Group net debt is permitted to mature in any one financial year.

At 31 March 2010 the Group had cash and deposits of £494 million, and undrawn committed 
bank facilities of £200 million, giving access to total cash resources of £694 million.

Loan repayments falling due by 31 March 2011 amount to £216 million.

Pennon Group and South West Water have entered into covenants with lenders. Whilst terms 
vary, these typically provide for limits on gearing (primarily based on South West Water’s 
Regulatory Capital Value and Viridor’s EBITDA) and interest cover.

Redemption penalties included in the facility documentation can be invoked if debt facilities are 
redeemed early. The redemption penalties vary in each facility.

The financial covenants included in the Group’s debt facilities are monitored on a regular basis. 
The financial covenants offered by the Group include a provision to re-test the covenants applying 
frozen UK GAAP accounting standards. This is to protect the Group from changes in accounting 
standards which may have a detrimental impact on the financial covenant testing methodology.

Surplus funds of the Group are usually placed in short-term fixed interest deposits or the 
overnight money markets. Counterparty risk arises from the investment of surplus funds and 
from the use of derivative instruments.

The Board has agreed a policy for managing such risk, which is controlled through credit 
limits, counterparty approvals, and rigorous monitoring procedures. All deposits are 
with counterparties which have a credit rating approved by the Board (Aa2 Moody’s/ AA 
Standard & Poor’s).

The Group’s exposure to interest rate movements is managed by the use of interest rate 
derivatives. The Board’s policy is that in any one year at least 50% of net debt is fixed. Interest 
rate swaps are used to manage the mix of fixed and floating rates. The Group has fixed 
approximately 50% of South West Water’s existing net debt up to 31 March 2015.

At 31 March 2010 the Group had interest rate swaps to convert floating rate liabilities to fixed 
rate, and hedge financial liabilities, with a notional value of £775 million and a weighted average 
maturity of 3.0 years (2009 £760 million, with 2.4 years). The weighted average interest rate of 
the swaps for their nominal amount was 4.0% (2009 4.5%). The notional principal amounts of the 
interest rate swaps are used to determine settlement under those swaps and are not therefore 
an exposure for the Group. These instruments are analysed in more detail in note 23 to the 
financial statements.

In addition South West Water has index-linked approximately 23% of its current net debt up 
to 2041-2057. South West Water’s total index-linked debt of £353 million has an average real 
interest rate of 1.66%. The interest rate for index-linked debt is based upon an RPI measure 
which is also used in determining the tariff increase for South West Water customers.

A material tax risk for the Group is the possibility that the capital expenditure qualifying for 
capital allowances is mis-allocated or categorised incorrectly, resulting in under-claims or over-
claims of tax reliefs. Professional tax consultants are employed with experience of analysing the 
types of specialist assets involved.

Covenant compliance risk

Counterparty risk

Interest rate risk

TAxATION

PENSIONS

The future costs of defined benefit 
schemes are subject to a number of risks

The returns achieved on pension fund 
investments

Movements in interest rates and inflation

New employees are generally offered defined contribution arrangements. 

Pension trustees keep investment policy under review and use professional investment advisers.

The pension trustees review the investment strategy to improve the match of investments 
and liabilities. Employee and employer contributions are also kept under review and have been 
increased. Further employer contributions of £16 million were made in the year.

Pensioner longevity

Independent actuaries have identified scheme-specific mortality experience which is 
reflected in liabilities.

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PennOn GrOUP’s COrPOrAte resPOnsiBility

OUR OBJECTIVES
We have the following corporate responsibility 
objectives, to which the targets of South West 
Water and Viridor are aligned to:

•	 manage	Pennon	Group	as	a	sustainable	and	

its operations, landfill generated leachate 
and gas. Since 2002 Viridor has invested 
£13 million in leachate control systems 
and £80 million in landfill gas control and 
power generation.

successful business for the benefit  
of shareholders

b.  Climate Change/Greenhouse Gases
   Both our two main subsidiaries generate 

•	 aim	to	ensure	that	all	our	business	activities	

have a positive economic, social and 
environmental impact on the communities 
in which we operate

•	 engage	with	all	our	stakeholders	and	to	
foster good relationships with them

•	 strive	for	the	highest	standards	of	health	
and safety in the workplace so as to 
minimise accidents, incidents and lost time
•	 develop	and	motivate	our	employees,	to	
treat them fairly and ensure that they  
are fully engaged in all aspects of the 
Group’s objectives

•	 aspire	to	leadership	in	minimising	 

emissions that contribute to climate  
change, and to develop climate change 
adaptation strategies

•	 aspire	to	leadership	in	all	aspects	of	

resource efficiency

•	 comply	with	all	legislative	environmental	
standards and to exceed them where 
appropriate.

OUR APPROACH TO SUSTAINABILITY
Sustainability in all its three aspects  
– environmental, social and economic – is 
fundamental to the Group’s business models 
and is reflected in our corporate responsibility 
objectives listed above. We believe that green 
business is good business.

1. Environmental Sustainability
The key linked environmental issues facing the 
world are climate change, excessive resource 
use, environmental degradation and loss of 
biodiversity. The Pennon Group has a role to 
play in all these areas and is concerned that 
the high profile rightly given to climate change 
may lead to the other equally pressing and 
related challenges being overlooked.

a.  Environmental Improvement
  South West Water’s £2 billion Clean 

Sweep programme has transformed the 
coastal and estuarial environment of the 
South West, which has over 30% of the 
bathing waters of England and Wales. With 
other improvements carried out by South 
West Water under the Urban Waste 
Water Treatment Regulations to protect 
river quality, the company’s operating area 
now has the best river quality in England. 
The investment made since 1989 has 
also largely met the Water Framework 
Directive’s first cycle of requirements  
for 2010-2016.

  Similarly Viridor has invested heavily to 

control and mitigate the two most serious 
potential adverse environmental effects of 

significant amounts of CO2 and are 
striving to reduce this. Viridor’s strategy 
is based upon helping the UK to meet its 
landfill diversion, recycling and renewable 
energy targets which are in turn driven, 
in significant part, by climate change 
considerations. Methane emissions from 
landfill are the most important greenhouse 
gas pollutant source for Viridor and for 
the waste industry as a whole, methane 
being 21 times as harmful as CO2. Huge 
achievements have been made in the waste 
industry in reducing methane emissions 
from landfill and putting it to beneficial use 
in the generation of renewable electricity. 
This is the key factor behind the waste 
industry’s 57% reduction in CO2 emissions 
since 1990, the best of any sector in 
the UK. At the same time the waste 
industry has increased renewable energy 
generation from landfill gas by 600% which 
now provides nearly 25% of the total 
renewable energy in the UK. Viridor has 
increased its landfill gas renewable energy 
generation capacity from 27 MW in 2002 
to 100 MW in 2009/10 and it captures 
90% of the methane from its landfills for 
power generation. This provides major 
environmental benefits and produces a 
return for shareholders.

  South West Water recognises that the 

water industry is a major user of energy, 
requiring 2% of the UK’s total consumption. 
Following a successful submission in 
South West Water’s price setting to 
Ofwat, moorland restoration through the 
company’s ‘Mires’ programme is being 
undertaken. One of the most valuable 
outputs is the ability of wetted peat to 
capture significant quantities of CO2. South 
West Water secured in Ofwat’s Final 
Determination £5 million of funding to 
increase its renewable energy output from 
15 GWh in 2010 to 30 GWh by 2015. This 
investment will help South West Water 
to meet its CO2 emissions reduction 
target by 18% over the five-year period. 
The company’s longer term targets are to 
produce 50 GWh from renewable energy 
by 2030 and to reduce energy consumption 
by 10% by 2015 and by 30% by 2030.

c.  Resource Productivity

It is generally believed that the world has 
used as much resource since 1950 as in 
all previous history. There are developing 
shortages in a number of key areas 
including hydrocarbons, water, topsoil and 
in a number of key metals.  

Minimising resource use has become a 
major priority for society. Viridor has 
invested heavily in maximising recycling 
and composting, at a value approaching 
£200 million in the past three years. We 
are convinced that such investment makes 
long-term economic and environmental 
sense. Our total recycling traded volumes 
and composting have grown from about 
100,000 tonnes in 2001 to 1.4 million 
tonnes in 2010. The supply of good quality 
recyclate is a profitable business yielding 
twice as much profit per tonne for Viridor 
as does landfill. This is an example of where 
the interests of shareholders and the needs 
of the environment are aligned.

  The best use for low quality residual 

waste, after recycling has been optimised, 
is to generate renewable energy either 
by anaerobic digestion of organic wastes 
or through controlled energy from waste 
combustion. These are the main current 
alternatives to landfill with methane 
capture and utilisation. Including its Bolton 
EfW plant and its 50% share in the recently 
opened Lakeside EfW plant, as well as 
landfill gas utilisation, Viridor now has a 
total renewable energy capacity of close 
to 130 MW and plans to increase this to 
300 MW in the next five years. Pennon 
is pleased that the Government now 
recognises the significant contribution that 
energy from waste in all its forms can make 
to UK renewables and energy production. 
Energy from waste currently accounts 
for 1.5% of the UK’s total electricity 
production. As the energy generated is a 
by-product of required waste treatment it 
is cheaper than other forms of renewable 
energy. It also provides base load energy 
distributed round the electricity grid, which 
is a significant advantage over wind power. 
Our estimate is that energy from waste 
could provide 6% of the UK’s electricity 
by 2015 and we have called upon the 
Government to set this as a specific target.

  South West Water is ensuring, as part of 
its environmental and quality management 
systems, that all wastes are minimised and 
segregated for recycling so that wastes 
taken off site for disposal are kept to 
the absolute minimum. We work with 
contractors and our partners to minimise 
the quantities of waste produced. Site 
waste management plans are in place for all 
capital schemes.

2. Social Sustainability
Both our businesses strive to be good 
neighbours and to show exemplary concern 
for our employees. It is acknowledged that 
required waste water or waste management 
installations may be opposed in certain 
locations. Our policy is to consult and engage 
fully with communities and stakeholders on 
planning applications.  

P.32  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
 
Where new infrastructure is built we work 
closely with the communities in which we 
operate to be as good neighbours as possible.

Viridor continues to benefit from the high levels 
of skill and expertise amongst its workforce 
and acknowledges their valuable contribution. 
The company employs around 3,000 people at 
all levels and across all socio-economic groups. 
During this recessionary period we have striven 
to maintain morale and motivation despite 
having to implement a modest programme 
of downsizing and restructuring. We have 
maintained our training programmes and are 
confident that as the recession lifts we will still 
have first class, well qualified teams of capable 
people ready to meet future challenges.

South West Water’s focus is on achieving an 
appropriate balance for customers, investors 
and other stakeholders. Costs are being 
rigorously controlled to outperform the 
Regulatory Contract. Capital is being invested 
in assets to secure operating cost savings 
and to protect the improvements made over 
the last 20 years through increased capital 
maintenance expenditure. The combined effects 
of these approaches are to ensure long-term 
improvements in quality of service for our 
customers, supported by enhanced employee 
training and development programmes for our 
managers and staff.

3. Economic Sustainability
This involves having business strategies and 
policies which are geared towards long-term 
shareholder value creation. The Company’s 
strategy is to aim for long-term shareholder 
value creation while being fully aware of our 
environmental impacts. Both businesses are 
planning and investing on a 25-year basis. Our 
financial policies are designed to avoid short-
term gains which might damage long-term 
shareholder value creation. Debt funding is an 
important component of South West Water’s 
capital structure and its debt/RCV ratio 
and other financial ratios remain well within 
Ofwat’s guidelines.

Our Corporate Responsibility objectives 
link with our sustainability aims. Progress is 
monitored by measuring performance against 
a number of associated KPIs listed below.

Both South West Water and Viridor publish 
detailed verified corporate responsibility 
reports which support and amplify the Group’s 
overall objectives. The 2010 Corporate 
Responsibility Reports, which will be available 
at the end of August, will include an audited 
assessment of the businesses’ performance 
against published targets for 2009/10 and will 
set out their new targets for 2010/11.

OUR KPIs
The target for 2009/10 of ‘maintain 
corporate standing of Pennon Group Plc on 
sustainability credentials’ was measured by:

•	 the	Carbon	Disclosure	Project	awarded	
Pennon Group of 55th place out of the 
FTSE350 in the 2009 Carbon Disclosure 
Leadership Index for the Group’s ability 
to log its carbon footprint and assess how 
climate change will affect its business

•	 membership	of	the	FTSE	Environmental	

Opportunities All-Share Index

•	 continued	participation	in	the	FTSE4Good	
Index which measures corporate responsibility.

For 2010/11 the Board has agreed the 
following six KPIs for the Pennon Group. 
Performance will be measured and reported 
against them:

•	 capital	investment
•	 community	support	and	donations
•	 RIDDOR	statistics
•	 renewable	energy	generation
•	 CO2 emissions data
•	 recycling	volumes	achieved.

OUR SOCIAL AND 
ENVIRONmENTAL POLICY
Our objectives demonstrate that we are 
committed to exemplary engagement 
with society and to the conservation and 
enhancement of the natural environment.

Our social and environmental policy ensures 
that these activities are pursued. Particular 
attention is given to:

•	 operating	through	best	practice	to	ensure	

the sustainability of our activities by 
maximising the efficiency of resource 
uses; effective project and programme 
delivery; and minimising waste

•	 ensuring	compliance	with	all	health	and	
safety and environmental legislation, 
regulations and codes of practice so  
that our conduct is of the highest  
possible standard

•	 undertaking	our	activities	in	a	way	that	
minimises potential adverse effects on 
society, the environment and those  
living or working in proximity to the 
Group’s sites

•	 procuring	goods	and	services	through	
approved suppliers and contractors 
whose products and services meet the 
Group’s requirements and whose quality 
and environmental practices correspond 
with our own

•	 undertaking	longer	term	strategic	
assessments of our activities and 
opportunities and adopting whole life 
assessment methods for approaches 
which are designed to benefit society; 
customers of the Group; suppliers and 
partners; all other stakeholders; and  
the environment

•	 the	challenges	of	climate	change	involve	
action to optimise energy and resource 
efficiency; maximising opportunities  
for renewable energy generation;  
and reducing the emissions of  
greenhouse gases

•	 reporting	openly	and	transparently	on	
Group performance; setting targets for 
continuous improvement and monitoring 
progress; and addressing risk and adopting 
policies related to wider sustainability 
considerations in relation to our key 
activities of water supply, waste water 
treatment, waste management, recycling 
and renewable energy generation
•	 regularly	assessing	the	Group’s	built	
heritage and ensuring its long-term 
preservation

•	 making	non-operational	land	accessible	to	
the public where practicable to satisfy, as 
a minimum, the Group’s obligations under 
the Countryside and Rights of Way Act. 
Wherever possible additional opportunities 
for conservation, access and recreation are 
provided for, subject to health and safety 
and environmental considerations.

OUR ETHICAL BUSINESS POLICY
Alongside our social and environmental policy 
is our ethical policy. The preservation of a 
reputation for integrity and fair dealing is of 
paramount importance to the Group. Such a 
reputation is essential to the long-term well-
being of the Group itself, its shareholders, 
employees, customers, suppliers and 
the communities in which it operates. 
To maintain this reputation, our Group 
companies are required to:

•	 conduct	all	transactions	with	fairness	and	
honesty and in a professional manner
•	 build	and	maintain	relationships	with	all	

parties based on trust and the treatment of 
everyone with respect and dignity

•	 not	make	any	promises	and	commitments	
which our businesses do not have the 
intention to fulfil or which they do not 
believe they have the resources to meet
•	 carry	out	all	financial	transactions	and	

financial reporting with due observance  
of all relevant laws, regulations and  
financial standards

•	 avoid	any	activities	that	could	involve	or	lead	
to involvement in any unlawful practice or 
harm the Group’s reputation or image.

We have a ‘whistleblowing’ policy which 
supports our approach to ethical employment 
practices by encouraging employees to raise, 
in accordance with a formalised procedure, 
concerns which relate to potential unlawful 
conduct, financial malpractice, dangers to  
the public or damage to the environment. 
This policy is reviewed regularly.

Through our Corporate Responsibility 
Committee, we monitor performance against 
our ethical business policy, our social and 
environmental policy and our health and 
safety policy and related targets. Further 
details of the work of the Committee are set 
out on page 51.

CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY 
HIGHLIGHTS
Both South West Water and Viridor have 
continued to advance their environmental 
performance, and their engagement with the 
community, as detailed in their respective 
Corporate Responsibility Reports which will 
be available online in August on the Company’s 
website pennon-group.co.uk

ENVIRONmENT AND CLImATE 
CHANGE
The Group’s strategy to combat climate 
change is to maximise its opportunities for 
renewable energy generation, to promote 
energy efficiency and to reduce its emissions of 
greenhouse gases wherever possible. In planning 
for the future it strives to ensure that it can 
adapt to the impacts of a changing climate while 
maintaining high standards of customer service.

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.33

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Green energy generation
Renewable energy is generated by both 
subsidiaries. Viridor’s renewable power 
generation capacity from landfill gas at 31 
March 2010 was 100 MW. In addition during 
the year the Lakeside joint venture EfW 
plant commenced operation with a total 
power generation capacity of 37 MW (50% 
Viridor) and Viridor also took over the 9 
MW Bolton EfW plant bringing Viridor’s 
total renewable energy capacity to 127.5 
MW. Its Greater Manchester combined 
waste and renewable energy project has the 
potential to provide a further 130 MW of 
power generation capacity (making a total of 
around 140 MW including the Bolton EfW). 
Viridor captures nearly 90% of the methane 
arising from its landfills and uses 70% of this 
for energy generation.

South West Water generates renewable 
energy from hydropower facilities in dams 
and other structures. Combined heat and 
power is available at nine waste water 
treatment works. South West Water has a 
total installed capacity of 7.4 MW.

Net electricity export
Since 1999/2000, the Group has exported 
more electrical energy each year than it 
has consumed. Recent renewable energy 
projects commissioned by the Group’s 
operating companies have surpassed 
the milestone of 200% generation to 
consumption for the first time. In 2009/10 
Viridor and South West Water generated 
652.0 GWh of renewable energy through 
their operations. This is 223% (2009: 
188%) of the Group’s on-site electricity 
consumption of 291.7 GWh.

Greenhouse gas emissions
Pennon has registered for the Carbon 
Reduction Commitment Energy Efficiency 
Scheme which puts the Government’s 
carbon reduction scheme in place for 5,000 
UK companies in the mid-range of CO2 
producers. Pennon will be purchasing its 
first allowances in April 2011. The price of 
carbon will be fixed at £12 per tonne for 
the first three years of the scheme; active 
trading is expected to follow.

Pennon Group made its third submission 
to the Carbon Disclosure Project in 2009 
and was placed 55th in the report. The 
reporting criteria differ from one year to 
the next making annual score comparisons 
unreliable. However, year by year scores 
within a sector are made and the Pennon 
Group’s perfomance in relation to its  
peers in 2009 was good – it achieved third 
place amongst the six water companies 
who responded.

Greenhouse gas emissions reporting 
requirements have changed since last 
year. The Group is reporting against the 
Greenhouse Gas Protocol, with different 
methodologies used for South West Water 
and Viridor to match each company’s 
operating characteristics.

Group transport
South West Water and Viridor review their 
transport fleets regularly to meet their 
operational requirements. Environmental 
criteria such as clean engine technology, 
fuel efficiency, reliability and end-of-life 
recyclability are considered during the 
selection process.

KPi

0
8
4
1

.

.

0
2
7
3
6

GREEN ENERGY GENERATED

south West Water

Viridor

700

650

600 

550

500

450

400

350

300

s
r
u
o
h

t
t
a
w
a
g
G

i

.

4
0
7
1

.

7
0
9
9
4

7
0
8
1

.

.

2
0
5
0
5

.

8
9
5
1

.

9
2
4
4
4

3
7
5
1

.

.

1
5
1
2
4

Financial 
year

6
0
/
5
0
0
2

7
0
/
6
0
0
2

8
0
/
7
0
0
2

9
0
/
8
0
0
2

0
1
/
9
0
0
2

ON-SITE ELECTRICITY USE IN 
PENNON GROUP
south West Water

0
7
1
2

.

.

8
2
8
6
2

0
8
4
1

.

.

9
9
5
5
2

4
9
0
1

.

.

3
6
8
5
2

0
0
9
1

.

.

0
7
0
6
2

0
5
6
2

.

.

0
2
5
6
2

Viridor

300

250

200

150

s
r
u
o
h

t
t
a
w
a
g
G

i

Financial 
year

6
0
/
5
0
0
2

7
0
/
6
0
0
2

8
0
/
7
0
0
2

9
0
/
8
0
0
2

0
1
/
9
0
0
2

  ELECTRICITY CONSUmPTION AND GENERATION

On-site electricity consumed  
South West Water (1) (3) 
Viridor  

Total consumed  

Electricity generation 

South West Water  
– Hydro  
– Biogas from combined heat and power  

Viridor 

– Landfill – biogas (2)  
– Energy from waste combustion 

Total generated  

Generated/consumed ratio  

No of sites  

Capacity MW  

7  
9 

27 
2 

5.7 
1.7 

100.0 
27.5 

GWh
265.2
26.5

291.7

GWh

11.3
3.5

555.0
82.2

652.0

223%

(1) Includes activity of Pennon Group Plc and partners working from Pennon’s locations
(2) Excludes sub-contracted sites in Suffolk
(3) South West Water on-site electricity consumed includes electricity generated and used from on-site renewable plants and stand-by diesel generators and excludes non-electrical sources  
     of energy such as the consumption of natural gas and LPG used for heating

P.34  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pennon Environmental Awards
In 2009 the winning prize was awarded to the operating team at Tottiford Water Treatment Works for enhancing wildlife and amenity on site.  
The project subequently won a Green Apple Award and was chosen as a finalist in the Water Industry Achievement Awards’ Community Campaign 
of the Year category, as a number of the site features had been provided by a local business which employs adults with learning difficulties.

PEF Award Photo: the Tottiford team receives the award from Ken Harvey, Pennon Group Chairman.

PEF Award Photo: former process tank converted for wildlife and amenity use.

EmPLOYEES
Health and Safety Policy
Pennon Group Board and the Boards of each subsidiary company have 
established health and safety policies which are reviewed annually to 
ensure the health, safety and welfare at work of all their employees. 
These focus in particular on the:

•	 provision	and	maintenance	of	a	working	environment	for	our	

employees that is safe, prevents injury and ill health and is adequate  
as regards facilities and arrangements for welfare

•	 protection	of	members	of	the	public	who	may	be	affected	by	 

our work

•	 promotion	of	an	improved	health	and	safety	culture	by	consulting	
with and training the workforce and by making all employees and 
contractors aware of their individual responsibilities

•	 setting	of	health	and	safety	objectives	and	targets	within	a	 

continuous improvement framework that will be used to monitor  
and measure performance

•	 continual	improvement	of	our	health,	safety	and	security	

performance through the revitalisation of our health and safety 
management systems.

Pennon Group and each of its operating subsidiary companies:

•	 has	prepared	a	statement	on	their	organisation	and	responsibilities	
in respect of health and safety which, together with this policy 
statement, is brought to the attention of all employees and is 
displayed on notice boards and each company’s intranet

•	 complies	with	all	legislation,	regulations	and	codes	of	practice	relevant	
to their business and consults employees on measures for promoting 
health and safety at work

•	 requires	its	contractors	and	consultants	working	for	each	company	
within the Group to comply with each company’s health and safety 
policy. Each company communicates openly its policy, related 
objectives and performance to stakeholders.

International Labour Organisation core conventions
We support the principles of the International Labour Organisation’s 
eight core conventions for the protection and safety of workforces. 
Details of our employment practices are set out on pages 18, 20 and 24.

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STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEmENT
Pennon Group maintains a regular dialogue 
with institutional investors, City analysts, 
retail shareholders, local stockbrokers and 
the financial press through its proactive 
investor relations programme. Other key 
stakeholders are our customers and our 
regulators, including the Environment 
Agency, local authorities, the Drinking Water 
Inspectorate, Natural England, the Consumer 
Consumer Council for Water and English 
Heritage. Viridor has on-going stakeholder 
and community relations programmes 
with local liaison groups in place for all 
major operational sites. South West Water 
proactively worked with customers to identify 
their priorities for investment from 2010 to 
2015 as part of the recent Periodic Review 
process, and surveys 130 customers’ opinions 
every month to assess their perceptions of 
overall service, value for money, quality and 
reliability of drinking water supplied.

South West Water’s Chief Executive chairs 
Water UK, the representative organisation 
which brings together all of the UK’s water 
and waste water utilities. He also represents 
the regulated industries on the Environment 
Agency’s Regional Environmental Protection 
Advisory Committee.

Viridor’s Chief Executive chairs the 
Government’s Living with Environmental 
Change Business Advisory Board and its 
Environmental Sector Advisory Group, which 
provides strategic advice to the Government 
on the promotion of exports and inward 
investment in the UK environmental sector. 
He is also chairman of the UK’s Environmental 
Sustainability Knowledge Transfer Network, 
which improves the competitiveness of UK 
environmental industries, a Director of 
Sustainability South West, past Master of the 
Worshipful Company of Water Conservators, 
a senior visiting research fellow in Earth 
Sciences at Oxford University and a patron of 
Energy and Utility Skills.

Pennon’s Group Director of Finance is a 
member of the CBI Environmental Affairs 
Committee and the CBI South West  
Regional Council.

CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY 
VERIFICATION
Pennon Group’s corporate responsibility 
performance for 2009/10 will be audited 
by Acona Limited, an independent risk and 
compliance management company. The 
verification statements for South West 
Water and Viridor will be provided on their 
respective websites with their Corporate 
Responsibility Reports.

COmmUNITY ENGAGEmENT
Pennon Group and its subsidiary companies aim to be good neighbours in all the communities in 
which they operate. An important element of this is to provide support to projects which bring 
lasting benefit to local communities and which are aligned with the Group’s business.

South West Water’s support focuses on water, the environment and youth education in the 
South West. A small proportion of its support also goes to Water Aid, which assists water 
projects in developing countries.

Viridor’s business is UK wide. Its community support focuses on environmental and science 
education, and on engagement with the communities in which it operates.

Pennon Charitable Donations
The Pennon Charitable Donations Committee made 199 donations including pledges to 
individuals, local charities, volunteer groups and small community organisations in the South 
West Water and Viridor service areas. £63,784 was awarded in 2009/10 (2008/09 £65,624).

Pennon Environmental Fund
The Pennon Environmental Fund allocates awards derived from the Landfill Community Fund to 
qualifying projects developed by local community bodies based in South West Water’s operating 
area. In 2009/10 it awarded £68,443 to 15 projects, including to church repairs, community 
amenities, and a number of habitat creation schemes in Devon and Cornwall to benefit biodiversity 
(2008/09 £47,404 to 11 projects).

Viridor Credits Environmental Company
During the year Viridor donated £9.4 million (£9.7 million in the previous year) via the Landfill 
Communities Fund to Viridor Credits Environmental Company, an independent charity 
established to distribute LCF funding in areas close to landfill sites. Decisions on funding use 
criteria of sustainability, value for money and proven need are made at grass roots level by 
established local steering groups for each area. Projects supported during the year included 
creating, improving and restoring important habitats, new and improved village and amenity 
halls, sports and playgrounds, vital support for local museums and similar community assets. 
For further details see Viridor Credits’ website viridor-credits.co.uk

‘Back from the Brink’, Slimbridge Wetlands Centre, Gloucester. Viridor Credits granted 
£106,500 for new wetland homes for once abundant mammals.

‘Cricket for Change’, Wallington, Sutton. Viridor Credits granted £60,000 towards a new 
indoor school for young cricketers from mixed backgrounds.

P.36  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
interPretAtiOn

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEmENTS
This Business Review contains forward-
looking statements regarding the financial 
position; results of operations; cash 
flows; dividends; financing plans; business 
strategies; operating efficiencies; capital 
and other expenditures; competitive 
positions; growth opportunities; plans 
and objectives of management; and 
other matters. These forward-looking 
statements, including, without limitation, 
those relating to the future business 
prospects, revenues, working capital, 
liquidity, capital needs, interest costs and 
income in relation to the Pennon Group 
and its subsidiaries, wherever they occur 
in this Business Review, are necessarily 
based on assumptions reflecting the 
views of Pennon Group and its subsidiary 
companies, as appropriate. They involve 
a number of risks and uncertainties 
that could cause actual results to differ 
materially from those suggested by the 
forward-looking statements. Such forward-
looking statements should, therefore, be 
considered in the light of relevant factors, 
including those set out in the sections 
entitled ‘Principal Risks and Uncertainties’ 
within this Business Review.

GLOSSARY
The following are descriptions of some of the terms used in this Business Review:

AD  .................................................................................... Anaerobic digestion
BMS  .................................................................................. Viridor’s integrated business management system
CAGR  ............................................................................. Compound Annual Growth Rate, being the rate of 
growth over a period, expressed as a single annual 
average figure

Category 1 incident ................................................ A major water pollution incident as assessed by the 

Environment Agency

Category 2 and 3 incidents ................................ Significant and less significant water pollution incidents 

CHP  ................................................................................. Combined Heat and Power
Determination  ........................................................... The price limits and expenditure plans determined by 

Ofwat for South West Water for a five-year period

as assessed by the Environment Agency

DWI  ................................................................................. Drinking Water Inspectorate
EA  ..................................................................................... Environment Agency
EfW  .................................................................................. Energy from waste
Financial year  .............................................................. Financial year of the Group ending 31 March
GWh  ............................................................................... Gigawatt hours
HWRS  ............................................................................ Household waste recycling sites
IFRS  .................................................................................. International Financial Reporting Standards
IDoK  ................................................................................ Interim Determination of K
ISO 9001  ....................................................................... International quality management  

ISO 14001  .................................................................... International environmental management  

accreditation standard

accreditation standard

June Return  ................................................................. The annual return to Ofwat made by South West Water 

on its performance during the previous financial year

KPIs  .................................................................................. Key Performance Indicators
LATS  ................................................................................ Landfill Allowance Trading Scheme
Ml  ...................................................................................... Megalitres
MW  .................................................................................. Megawatts
MZC  ................................................................................ Mean Zonal Compliance or ‘Overall Water Quality’ as 

NFFO  .............................................................................. Non Fossil Fuel Obligation
Ofwat or water regulator  .................................. Water Services Regulation Authority
OHSAS 18001  ........................................................... International occupational health and safety 

assessed by the Drinking Water Inspectorate

management system

Percentage population equivalent  .................. Waste water treatment works loadings from domestic, 
industrial and diffuse sources, averaged and stated as a 
population equivalent load, expressed as a percentage

Periodic Review  ........................................................ The process of determining the water industry’s  

price limits and expenditure plans for five-year 
regulatory periods

PFI  ..................................................................................... Private Finance Initiative
PPC  .................................................................................. Pollution Prevention and Control
PPP  ................................................................................... Public Private Partnership
RCV ................................................................................... Regulatory Capital Value
RO  .................................................................................... Renewables Obligation
RIDDOR  ....................................................................... Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous 

Occurrences Regulations (1995)

ROC  ................................................................................ Renewables Obligation Certificate
RPI  .................................................................................... The UK Government’s Retail Prices Index
SEPA  ................................................................................ Scottish Environment Protection Agency
UK GAAP  .................................................................... United Kingdom Generally Accepted  

Accounting Principles

Viridor .............................................................................. Viridor Limited (a subsidiary of Pennon Group Plc) or 

a Viridor operating subsidiary, depending on the nature 
of the activity described

WEEE  .............................................................................. Waste electrical and electronic equipment

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Other stAtUtOry inFOrmAtiOn

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES AND 
BUSINESS REVIEW
The principal activities of the Company 
and its subsidiaries (‘the Group’) are the 
provision of water and sewerage services, 
waste management, recycling and renewable 
energy. Information regarding the Group, 
including events and its progress during the 
year, events since the year-end and likely future 
developments is contained in the Business 
Review set out on pages 2 to 37 of this 
Directors’ report.

In addition the Business Review contains a fair 
and balanced review of the business of the 
Group, including its position and prospects, Key 
Performance Indicators and a description of 
the principal risks and uncertainties facing the 
Group in accordance with the requirements 
of the Combined Code and Section 417 of the 
Companies Act 2006. In addition in accordance 
with the ABI Corporate Social Responsibility 
Guidelines, statements are included on any 
significant environmental, social and governance 
(ESG) risks and the actions taken in mitigating 
these risks within the Business Review on 
pages 21, 26, 27, 30 and 31. Further information 
on ESG aspects of the Group’s business are 
included in the Corporate Responsibility Report 
on pages 32 to 36. The principal subsidiaries 
of the Company are listed in Note 39 to the 
financial statements on page 106.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 
STATEmENTS
The following disclosures are made pursuant to 
Part 6 of Schedule 7 of the Large and Medium-
sized Companies and Groups (Accounts & 
Reports) Regulations 2008 and Rule 7.2.3.R 
of the UK Listing Authority’s Disclosure 
and Transparency Rules (DTR). The further 
information required by DTR 7.2 is set out in 
the Company’s Corporate Governance and 
Internal Control Report set out on pages 49 
to 52 of this Annual Report which is hereby 
included within this Directors’ Report by 
reference. 

As at 31 March 2010:

a) details of the Company’s issued share 

capital, which consists of ordinary shares of 
nominal value 40.7 pence each, are set out 
in Note 32 to the financial statements on 
pages 97 to 99. All of the Company’s issued 
shares are fully paid up, rank equally in all 
respects and are listed on the Official List 
and traded on the London Stock Exchange. 
The rights and obligations attaching to the 
Company’s shares, in addition to those 
conferred on their holders by law, are set 
out in the Company’s Articles of Association 
(“Articles”), copies of which can be obtained 
from Companies House in the UK or by 
writing to the Company Secretary at the 
Company’s registered office. 

  The holders of the Company’s shares are 
entitled to receive the Company’s reports 
and accounts and in relation to general 
meetings of the Company they have the 
right to attend and speak, exercise voting 
rights and appoint proxies;

b) there are no restrictions on the transfer 

of issued shares of the Company or on the 
exercise of voting rights attached to them, 
except where the Company has exercised 
its right to suspend their voting rights or to 
prohibit their transfer following the omission 
of their holder or any person interested 
in them to provide the Company with 
information requested by it in accordance 
with Part 22 of the Companies Act 2006 
or where their holder is precluded from 
exercising voting rights by the Financial 
Services Authority’s Listing Rules or the City 
Code on Takeovers and Mergers;

c) details of significant direct or indirect holdings 
of securities of the Company are set out in 
the shareholder analysis on page 110;

d) the Company’s rules about the appointment 
and replacement of Directors are contained 
in the Articles and accord with usual English 
company law provisions. The powers of 
Directors are determined by UK legislation 
and the Articles in force from time to time. 
Changes to the Articles must be approved 
by the Company’s shareholders by passing a 
special resolution;

e) the Directors have the power to make 

purchases of the Company’s own shares in 
issue as set out in the section on page 39 
‘Purchase of Own Ordinary Shares’. No 
such purchases have been made during the 
year. The Directors also have the authority 
to allot shares up to an aggregate nominal 
value of £30,448,075 which was approved 
by shareholders at the 2009 Annual General 
Meeting (AGM). In addition, shareholders 
approved a resolution giving the Directors 
a limited authority to allot shares for cash 
other than pro rata to existing shareholders. 
These resolutions remain valid until the 
conclusion of this year‘s AGM. Similar 
resolutions will be proposed at this year’s 
AGM. The Directors have no present 
intention to issue ordinary shares other than 
persuant to the Company’s Scrip Dividend 
Alternative; and

f)  there are a number of agreements which 

take effect, alter or terminate upon 
a change of control of the Company 
following a takeover bid, such as bank loan 
agreements, Eurobond documentation, 
private placement debt and employees‘ 
share plans. None of these is considered 
to be significant in terms of their  
potential impact on the business of  
the Group as a whole.

FINANCIAL RESULTS AND DIVIDEND
Statutory Group profit on ordinary activities 
after taxation was £139.5 million. The 
Directors recommend a final dividend of 
15.60p per ordinary share to be paid to 
shareholders on the register on 13 August 
2010, making a total dividend for the year of 
22.55p, the cost of which will be £79.6 million, 
leaving a credit to reserves of £59.9 million. 
The Business Review on pages 4 and 5 and 
28 to 30 analyses the Group’s financial results 
in more detail and sets out other financial 
information, including the Directors’ opinion 
on asset values on page 28.

DIRECTORS
Gerard Connell and Chris Loughlin are due to 
retire at the AGM on 29 July 2010 and offer 
themselves up for re-election. In addition, in 
accordance with best practice as set out in 
the Combined Code, Ken Harvey continues 
to offer himself up for re-election annually as 
he has been a Director for over nine years. 
The Board continues to believe that Gerard 
Connell, as a Non-executive Director standing 
for re-election is independent, and that he 
makes an effective and valuable contribution 
to the Board, demonstrating continued 
commitment to the role. Ken Harvey and 
Gerard Connell do not have service contracts. 
Ken Harvey does have a contract for services 
which is terminable upon 12 months’ notice. 
Chris Loughlin has a service contract which 
is due to expire in three years’ time, being 
upon his normal retirement date. Resolutions 
for the above Directors’ re-election will 
be proposed at the AGM. The Directors’ 
biographies are set out on page 40.

No Director has, or has had, a material 
interest, directly or indirectly, at any time 
during the year under review in any contract 
significant to the Company’s business. A list 
of all the Directors during the year is set out 
in the emoluments table on page 44. Further 
details relating to the Directors and their 
service agreements or contracts for services 
are set out on pages 43 and 44 and details 
of the Directors’ interests in shares of the 
Company are given on pages 45 to 48.

DIRECTORS’ INSURANCE AND 
INDEmNITIES
The Directors have the benefit of the 
indemnity provisions contained in the 
Company’s Articles and the Company has 
maintained throughout the year Directors and 
Officers liability insurance for the benefit of 
the Company, the Directors and its Officers. 
The Company has entered into qualifying 
third party indemnity arrangements for the 
benefit of all its Directors in a form and scope 
which comply with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006 and which was in force 
throughout the year and remains in force.

P.38  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

 
 
 
 
STATEmENT AS TO DISCLOSURE  
OF INFORmATION TO AUDITORS
a) So far as each of the Directors in office 
at the date of the signing of the report is 
aware, there is no relevant audit information 
of which the Company’s auditors are 
unaware; and

b) each of the Directors has taken all the 

steps each Director ought to have taken 
individually as a director in order to make 
themselves aware of any relevant audit 
information and to establish that the 
Company’s auditors are aware of that 
information.

RESPONSIBILITY STATEmENTS
Each of the Directors, whose names and 
functions are listed on page 40, confirms  
that, to the best of each person’s knowledge 
and belief:

a) the financial statements, prepared in 

These forums, together with regular meetings 
with particular groups of employees, are used 
to ensure that employees are kept up to date 
with the operating and financial performance 
of their employer.

The Group also uses a monthly information 
cascade process to provide employees  
with important and up to date information 
about key events and to receive feedback  
from employees.

Further information about employment 
matters relating to the Group are set out on 
pages 18-20, 24 and 35 of the Business Review.

The Group encourages share ownership 
amongst its employees by operating an HM 
Revenue & Customs (HMRC) approved 
Sharesave Scheme and Share Incentive Plan. 
At 31 March 2010 around 36% of the Group’s 
employees participated in these plans.

accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by 
the EU, give a true and fair view of the assets, 
liabilities, financial position and profit of the 
Group and of the Company; and

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPmENT
Research and development activities within the 
Group involving water and waste treatment 
processes amounted to £0.2 million during the 
year (2008/09 £0.2 million).

b) this Directors’ Report includes a fair review 
of the development and performance of the 
business and position of the Company and 
the Group, together with a description of the 
principal risks and uncertainties they face.

The Directors are responsible for the 
maintenance and integrity of the Company’s 
website pennon-group.co.uk Legislation in 
the United Kingdom governing the preparation 
and dissemination of financial statements may 
differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.

FINANCIAL INSTRUmENTS
Details of the financial risk management 
objectives and policies of the Group and 
the exposure of the Group to price, credit, 
liquidity and cash flow risks are set out in the 
Business Review on page 31.

EmPLOYmENT POLICIES AND 
EmPLOYEE INVOLVEmENT
The Group has a culture of continuous 
improvement through investment in people 
at all levels within the Group. The Group is 
committed to pursuing equality and diversity 
in all its employment activities including 
recruitment, training, career development 
and promotion and ensuring there is no bias 
or discrimination in the treatment of people. 
In particular, applications for employment 
are welcomed from persons with disabilities 
and special arrangements and adjustments 
as necessary are made to ensure that 
applicants are treated fairly when attending 
for interview or for pre-employment aptitude 
tests. Wherever possible, the opportunity is 
taken to retrain people who become disabled 
during their employment in order to maintain 
their employment within the Group. 

Employees are consulted regularly about 
changes which may affect them either 
through their trade union appointed 
representatives or by means of the elected 
Staff Council which operates in South West 
Water for staff employees.  

PENNON GROUP DONATIONS
During the year donations amounting to 
£63,609 (2008/09 £74,781) were made. 
Further details are included on page 36 of the 
Business Review. No political donations were 
made (2008/09 Nil).

TAx STATUS
The Company is not a close company within 
the meaning of the Income and Corporation 
Taxes Act 1988.

PAYmENTS TO SUPPLIERS
It is the Group’s payment policy for the 
year ending 31 March 2011 to follow the 
Code of The Better Payment Practice 
Group on supplier payments. Information 
about the Code can be obtained from 
the website payontime.co.uk The 
Company will agree payment terms with 
individual suppliers in advance and abide 
by such terms. The ratio, expressed in 
days, between the amount invoiced to the 
Company by its suppliers during 2009/10 
and the amount owed to its trade creditors 
at 31 March 2010, was 34 days.

PURCHASE OF OWN 
ORDINARY SHARES
The Company has authority from shareholders 
to purchase up to 10% of its own ordinary 
shares (as renewed at the AGM in 2009) 
which was valid as at 31 March 2010 and 
remains currently valid. Of the 5,724,131 
shares held in Treasury at 31 March 2009, 
631,557 were subsequently re-issued under  
the Company’s Sharesave Scheme for 
proceeds of £1.9 million.

AUDITORS
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP were 
appointed auditors until the conclusion of 
the twenty-first Annual General Meeting. A 
resolution for their re-appointment upon the 
recommendation of the Audit Committee of 
the Board will be proposed at the AGM.

APPOINTED BUSINESS
South West Water Limited is required 
to publish additional financial information 
relating to the ‘appointed business’ as water 
and sewerage undertaker in accordance 
with the Instrument of Appointment from 
the Secretary of State for the Environment. 
A copy of this information will be available 
from 15 July 2010 upon application to the 
Company Secretary at Peninsula House, Rydon 
Lane, Exeter Ex2 7HR or on the website 
southwestwater.co.uk

ANNUAL GENERAL mEETING
The twenty-first Annual General Meeting of 
the Company will be held at the Sandy Park 
Conference Centre, Sandy Park Way, Exeter, 
Devon Ex2 7NN on 29 July 2010 at 11.00am. In 
addition to routine business, resolutions will be 
proposed at the Annual General Meeting to:

•	 renew	the	existing	authorities	to	issue	a	
limited number of shares (with updating 
to accord with the latest institutional 
guidelines and the Companies Act 2006) 
and to purchase up to 10% of the issued 
share capital of the Company

•	 seek	authority	to	make	political	donations	
under the Political Parties, Elections and 
Referendums Act 2000, as amended. (It 
is not the Group’s policy to make political 
donations. This is a precautionary measure 
which is followed by many companies to 
ensure that there is no inadvertent breach 
of the law)

•	 re-elect	Mr	K	G	Harvey,	Mr	G	D	Connell	
and Mr C Loughlin as Directors of the 
Company

•	 adopt	new	Articles	of	Association.	This	is	

proposed principally to bring the Articles up 
to date in accordance with the provisions of 
the Companies Act 2006 which are all now 
in force and include changes to the limits 
set out in the existing Articles relating to 
Directors’ fees

•	 increase	the	Company’s	borrowing	 

power from 21/2 to 3 times capital and 
reserves (and amend the definition of 
capital and reserves to exclude therefrom 
the impact of market price movements 
on the accounting treatment of financial 
derivatives to which the Company is a 
party) as set out in the Company’s Articles

•	 seek	authority	to	continue	to	call	general	
meetings other than an annual general 
meeting on not less than 14 clear days’ 
notice (pursuant to the EU Shareholder 
Rights Directive (effective in August 2009), 
shareholder authority is required to 
continue to call meetings on at least 14 clear 
days’ notice).

Details of the resolutions are set out in the 
separate Notice of Annual General Meeting 
which is circulated to shareholders with this 
Annual Report or provided by electronic 
communication via the Company’s website 
pennon-group.co.uk	Information required 
by Section 311A of the Companies Act 2006 is 
also on the Company’s website.

By Order of the Board

KEN WOODIER,  
Group General Counsel & Company Secretary

24 June 2010

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010  |  P.39

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BOArD OF DireCtOrs

KENNETH GEORGE HARVEY  
BSC, 69
CHAIRmAN
Appointed on 1 March 1997. Ken was formerly 
chairman and chief executive of Norweb Plc. 
He was chairman of National Grid Holdings 
in 1995 and was previously deputy chairman 

of London Electricity and earlier its engineering director. He has 
also been chairman of a number of limited and private equity funded 
companies. Currently he is the senior independent non-executive 
director of National Grid Plc.

COLIN IRWIN JOHN HAmILTON 
DRUmmOND mA, mBA, LTCL, CCmI, 59
CHIEF ExECUTIVE, VIRIDOR LImITED
Appointed on 1 April 1992. Prior to joining 
the Company Colin was a divisional chief 
executive of Coats Viyella, having previously 
been corporate development director of Renold 

plc, a strategy consultant with the Boston Consulting Group and an 
official of the Bank of England. He is chairman of the Government’s 
Living with Environmental Change Business Advisory Board; of UKTI’s 
Environmental Sector Advisory Group; and of the Environmental 
Sustainability Knowledge Transfer Network. He is a senior visiting 
research fellow in Earth Sciences at Oxford University; an adviser 
to Beehive Water and Waste Holdings LP; and a Past Master of the 
Worshipful Company of Water Conservators.

mARTIN DAVID ANGLE  
BSC HONS, FCA, 60
NON-ExECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Appointed on 1 December 2008. Martin 
currently holds non-executive directorships 
with Savills plc, JSC Severstal, Shuaa Capital 
and The National Exhibition Centre where 
he is Chairman. Until November 2009, he was also on the Board 
of Dubai International Capital. In addition he sits on the Advisory 
Board of the Warwick Business School. Formerly he held senior 
positions with Terra Firma Capital Partners and various of its 
portfolio companies, including the executive chairmanship of Waste 
Recycling Group Limited. Before that he was the Group Finance 
Director of TI Group plc and held a number of senior investment 
banking positions with SG Warburg & Co Ltd, Morgan Stanley and 
Dresdner Kleinwort Benson.

GERARD DOmINIC CONNELL mA, 52
SENIOR INDEPENDENT  
NON-ExECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Appointed on 1 October 2003. Gerard is 
currently group finance director of Wincanton 
Plc. Previously he was a director of Hill Samuel 
and a managing director of Bankers Trust having 

trained originally at Price Waterhouse and has held other corporate 
finance and business development positions in the City and in industry. 
He is also a governor of King’s College School, Wimbledon.

DAVID JEREmY DUPONT mA, mBA, 56
GROUP DIRECTOR OF FINANCE
Appointed on 2 March 2002. David was formerly 
regulatory and finance director of South West 
Water Limited, having joined Pennon Group Plc 
(then South West Water Plc) in 1992 as strategic 
planning manager. Previously he held business 
planning and development roles with Gateway 

Corporation. He is a member of the CBI Environmental Affairs 
Committee and the CBI South West Regional Council.

CHRISTOPHER LOUGHLIN  
BSC HONS, mICE, CENG, mBA, 57
CHIEF ExECUTIVE, SOUTH WEST 
WATER LImITED
Appointed on 1 August 2006. Chris was most 
recently chief operating officer with Lloyd’s 
Register and previously was an executive director 
of British Nuclear Fuels Plc and executive 

chairman of Magnox Electric Plc. Chris started his career as a chartered 
engineer and subsequently held a number of senior positions with 
British Nuclear Fuels. He was appointed chairman of Water UK with 
effect from 1 April 2008.

GROUP GENERAL COUNSEL & 
COmPANY SECRETARY
Ken Woodier, Solicitor

REGISTERED OFFICE
Peninsula House,
Rydon Lane,
Exeter
Ex2 7HR

Registered in England No 2366640

P.40  |  PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

DINAH ALISON NICHOLS  
CB, BA HONS, 66
NON-ExECUTIVE DIRECTOR
Appointed on 12 June 2003. Dinah was formerly 
Director General Environment at the Department 
for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs and 
previously held various senior appointments 
within Government, including being head of 

the water directorate during the period of water privatisation. She is 
also a Crown Estate Commissioner, a non-executive director of Shires 
Smaller Companies Plc, chair of the National Forest Company and a 
director of several charitable Trusts.

COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD

AUDIT
Gerard Connell (Chairman)
Martin Angle
Dinah Nichols

CORPORATE 
RESPONSIBILITY
Dinah Nichols (Chairman)
Martin Angle
Gerard Connell
Colin Drummond
Chris Loughlin

NOmINATION
Ken Harvey (Chairman)
Martin Angle
Gerard Connell
Dinah Nichols

REmUNERATION
Martin Angle (Chairman)
Gerard Connell
Dinah Nichols

 
 
DIRECTORS’ REmunERaTIOn REpORT

PurPose

remuneration PoliCy

the directors’ remuneration report is designed to provide for the 
benefit of shareholders details of:

•	 the	role	of	the	Remuneration	Committee

•	 the	Group’s	Remuneration	Policy

•	 Directors’	remuneration

•	 remuneration	disclosures	required	by	the	Directors’	Remuneration	

report regulations which are audited.

The	Company	understands	investors’	concerns	relating	to	executive	
director remuneration and, whilst focus has been on the financial 
sector	primarily,	it	is	fully	recognised	that	there	is	a	need	for	other	
sectors to reflect this concern in their remuneration policies and 
overall	remuneration	practice.	This	is	why	last	year,	despite	the	
Group’s businesses being well positioned in the economic slowdown, 
the remuneration committee decided not to increase salaries for 
Executive	Directors	beyond	those	set	in	2008.	

remuneration Committee

the remuneration committee of the Board comprises three 
Non-executive	Directors	who	are	all	regarded	by	the	Company	as	
independent. Martin Angle is the chairman of the committee and the 
other two members are Gerard connell and dinah nichols. 

the committee’s terms of reference is available from the Group 
Company	Secretary	and	can	be	found	on	the	Company’s	website	
pennon-group.co.uk It includes:

•	 advising	the	Board	on	the	framework	of	executive	remuneration	for	

the Group

•	 determining	the	remuneration	and	terms	of	engagement	of	the	
Chairman,	the	Executive	Directors	and	Senior	Management	of	
the Group. 

No	Director	or	any	other	attendee	participates	in	any	discussion	on,	or	
determination of, his or her own remuneration.

During	the	year	the	Committee	met	on	seven	occasions	and	received	
advice	or	services	which	materially	assisted	the	Committee	in	the	
consideration	of	remuneration	matters	from	Ken	Harvey,	Chairman	
of	the	Company,	and	from	the	following	advisors	who	were	appointed	
directly	by	the	Committee:

•	 Ken	Woodier,	Group	General	Counsel	&	Company	Secretary	on	
remuneration and share scheme matters. He also provides legal 
advice	and	company	secretarial	services	to	the	Company

•	 Hewitt	Associates	Limited,	pensions	and	remuneration	consultants,	
on	calculating	total	shareholder	return	for	the	Company’s	Restricted	
Share	Plan	(now	replaced	by	the	Company’s	Performance	&	
co-investment Plan). Hewitt also provide actuarial and investment 
pensions advice to the trustees of the Group’s Pension schemes 

•	 Towers	Perrin	Limited	(now	Towers	Watson	Limited),	remuneration	
consultants,	who	undertook	a	review	of	the	Group’s	remuneration	
policy	and	practice	for	the	Committee	during	the	year.	

Last	year	the	Remuneration	Committee	reported	that	it	would	
undertake	a	review	of	Remuneration	Policy	in	September	2009.	Having	
undertaken	this	review	with	advice	from	Towers	Perrin	the	Committee	
concluded	that	the	current	policy	remained	appropriate.	This	policy	
which	will	be	applied	in	2010/11,	and	is	also	currently	intended	to	be	
applied	in	each	subsequent	year,	is	to	provide	for	Executive	Directors	
a	remuneration	package	which	is	adequate	to	attract,	retain	and	
motivate	good	quality	executives	and	which	is	commensurate	with	
the	remuneration	packages	provided	by	companies	of	similar	size	and	
complexity.	The	key	guiding	principles	of	this	policy	are	to:

•	 design	an	overall	package	to	be	competitive	and	to	take	account	of	

the	markets	in	which	the	Group’s	businesses	operate

•	 support	the	overarching	business	strategy	for	the	Group

•	 adopt	incentive	arrangements	designed	to	reward	performance	
and	align	the	interests	of	the	Executive	Directors	with	those	of	
shareholders

•	 reinforce	the	incentive	element	of	the	package	by	maintaining	base	
salaries	for	Executive	Directors	at	the	relevant	market	median

•	 have	a	remuneration	package	which	is	fair	and	consistent	with	

other companies in the sector and which provides incentives for 
outperformance.

The	policy	in	respect	of	Non-executive	Directors’	fees	is	set	out	on	
page	44	in	the	Non-executive	Directors	remuneration	section.

In	setting	executive	remuneration	the	Remuneration	Committee	not	
only	takes	account	of	employment	market	conditions,	but	seeks	to	
ensure	that	there	are	coherent	pay	and	benefit	structures	across	the	
Group	which	are	consistent	with	the	remuneration	packages	of	the	
Executive	Directors	and	Senior	Management.	From	summary	reports	
on	workforce	remuneration	and	terms	and	conditions	of	employment	
by	the	Executive	Directors	with	regard	to	their	respective	business	
areas,	the	Committee	has	regard	to	the	general	levels	of	responsibility,	
qualifications	and	experience	required	throughout	the	Group	in	
setting	salary	and	other	benefits	of	the	Executive	Directors	and	Senior	
Management. the committee also ensures the incentive structures do 
not	raise	environmental,	social	or	governance	risks	by	inadvertently	
motivating irresponsible behaviour. A number of individual performance 
objectives	specifically	relate	to	achieving	non-financial	targets.

The	balance	between	maximum	performance-related	remuneration	
receivable	and	direct	remuneration	(ie.	excluding	pensions,	car	benefit	
and	health	cover)	is	the	same	as	last	year	with	one-third	direct	and	
two-thirds	performance-related.	This	is	expected	to	continue	for	the	
foreseeable	future.	The	Company	also	has	a	Shareholding	Guideline	
which	applies	to	Executive	Directors	and	Senior	Management.	It	is	
structured to demonstrate their commitment to the future success 
of	the	Group.	Executive	Directors	are	expected	to	build	up	their	
shareholding	over	a	five-year	period	to	a	value	which	is	at	least	
equivalent	to	their	basic	annual	salary.

remuneration of exeCutive DireCtors
Below	is	an	outline	of	the	total	remuneration	package	for	Executive	Directors.

fixed

Base	Salary
Pension	–	Final	Salary	(Defined	
Benefit) or cash alternative

other – car benefit and 
health cover

variable (Performance-related)

short-term – Annual
Annual	Incentive	Bonus	Plan	-	Maximum	100%	of	
basic	salary	with	50%	paid	in	cash	and	50%	in	shares	
deferred	for	3	years
Assessed against corporate financial performance 
and individual personal achievements relating to a 
range of operational and compliance targets.

Long-term	–	3	years
Performance and co-investment Plan (PcP) – 
future	performance	over	3	years

50%	linked	to	water	and	waste	comparator	group	
and	50%	linked	to	relative	FTSE	250	with	an	underpin	
relating to operational and economic performance.

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.41

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The	following	is	a	detailed	summary	of	the	
elements of remuneration:

Performance	&	Co-investment	Plan	referred	
to below.

to	key	initiatives,	projects	and	compliance	
targets	for	South	West	Water).	

(i) Basic salary and benefits – these 
are	set	out	on	page	44	for	each	Executive	
director and are not related to performance. 
The	Committee	reviews	salaries	annually	
taking	account	of	market	data	available	from	
independent remuneration consultants. A 
pay	freeze	was	applied	in	2009/10.	When	
reviewing	base	salaries	the	Committee	takes	
account of the performance of the individual 
Executive	Directors	which	the	Committee	
assesses	with	the	advice	of	Ken	Harvey,	
Chairman	of	the	Company.	Other	benefits,	
not	mentioned	below,	include	contributory	
pension provision (or a cash alternative), 
four	times	salary	life	assurance	cover,	a	
fully	expensed	car,	or	a	cash	alternative	and	
health cover.

(ii) Performance-related Bonus – annual 
performance related bonuses are awarded in 
accordance with the Group’s Annual Incentive 
Bonus Plan (the Bonus Plan) and are based on 
the	achievement	by	the	Executive	Directors	
of overall corporate and individual objectives 
set	by	the	Committee.	The	maximum	
bonus achievable under the Bonus Plan for 
Executive	Directors	for	2009/10	was	100%	
of	basic	salary.	To	achieve	the	maximum	
percentage bonus allocated in respect of 
the corporate targets of earnings per share 
and	profit	before	tax	it	is	necessary	for	the	
Company	to	achieve	a	specified	level	of	
superior	outperformance.	Half	of	any	bonus	
awarded	is	in	the	form	of	ordinary	shares	
in	the	Company	which	must	usually	be	held	
for	a	period	of	three	years	before	release	
(deferred Bonus shares). during this period 
the directors, in respect of the deferred 
Bonus	Shares,	are	entitled	to	receive	any	
dividends	declared	by	the	Company.	No	
additional performance conditions applicable 
to the release of the deferred Bonus shares 
apart from maintaining continuous service 
with	the	Company,	are	considered	appropriate	
by	the	Committee	in	view	of	the	stretching	
performance conditions applicable to achieve 
the initial award of the deferred Bonus shares. 
the committee, in setting the performance 
objectives	for	Executive	Directors,	takes	
account of corporate performance on 
environmental, social and governance (esG) 
matters. objectives set embrace appropriate 
esG parameters which are important to 
the	success	of	the	Group	and	which	seek	
to ensure that the Group meets a number 
of its esG targets as set out in the Group’s 
Corporate	Responsibility	Report	on	pages	32	
to 36 of the Business review. the committee 
in setting such objectives and in determining 
its	remuneration	policy	overall	ensures	
that the relevant incentives to directors 
and	Senior	Management	raise	no	ESG	risks	
by	inadvertently	motivating	irresponsible	
behaviour.	In	addition	the	Committee	will	take	
into account esG matters in determining the 
vesting	of	any	awards	under	the	Company’s	

In	2009/10	the	Committee	structured	and	
operated the Bonus Plan on a different 
basis.	The	Bonus	Plan	was	amended	by	
the committee to permit its operation in 
conjunction	with	the	Company’s	Executive	
share option scheme (esos) which received 
shareholder approval in 2001 on the basis 
that	the	aggregate	pre-tax	value	of	the	
awards made under both the Bonus Plan 
and	the	ESOS	would	be	the	same	as	they	
would have been if the Bonus Plan had been 
operated	alone,	as	in	previous	years.	This	
has	been	achieved	by	providing	for	Deferred	
Bonus	Shares	awarded	to	be	forfeited	by	the	
Directors	up	to	the	same	value	as	that	of	any	
gain	made	in	respect	of	options	exercised	by	
the directors pursuant to the esos at the 
end	of	the	three-year	restricted	period.	Only	
the HMrc approved part of the esos was 
operated	in	2009/10	which	enabled	options	
over	ordinary	shares	in	the	Company	to	be	
granted to directors to the value of £30,000 
at the then prevailing price. details of the 
options granted are set out in the table in 
paragraph (d) on page 47.

Set	out	below	is	a	summary	of	the	
performance	targets	determined	by	the	
Committee	for	each	Executive	Director	for	
2009/10	and	for	2010/11.

colin drummond	–	A	bonus	of	up	to	40%	
for outperformance of Group earnings per 
share	against	budget;	up	to	40%	calculated	
by	reference	to	outperformance	of	the	profit	
before	tax	and	net	debt	budgets	of	Viridor;	
and	up	to	20%	for	personal	objectives	relating	
to	key	business	targets	for	Viridor.	

david dupont	–	A	bonus	of	up	to	40%	for	
outperformance of Group earnings per share 
against	budget;	up	to	40%	for	outperformance	
against budget relating to net debt and net 
interest	of	the	Group	and	profit	before	tax	
of	South	West	Water	and	Viridor;	and	up	to	
20%	for	personal	objectives	relating	to	Group	
financing and other Group initiatives.

chris loughlin	–	A	bonus	of	up	to	40%	for	
outperformance of Group earnings per 
share	against	budget;	up	to	20%	for	personal	
objectives relating to implementing south 
West	Water’s	new	strategies	and	projects	
and meeting compliance targets; and up to 
40%	calculated	by	reference	to	the	average	
bonus	earned	by	the	other	executive	directors	
of	South	West	Water	(which	relate	to	
outperformance against the operating costs, 
profit	before	tax,	capital	expenditure	and	net	
debt	budgets	of	the	company;	the	position	the	
company	achieves	in	the	‘Overall	Performance	
Assessment’ of water and sewerage companies 
established	by	the	Water	Services	Regulatory	
Authority	(WSRA);	the	achievement	of	a	
range	of	service	standards	set	for	the	company	
by	the	WSRA;	and	personal	objectives	relating	

The	achievements	of	the	Executive	Directors	
against their individual performance objectives 
are	assessed	by	the	Committee	following	the	
financial	year-end	when	the	audited	results	
of	the	Company	and	performance	against	the	
parameters	set	are	known.	This	enables	the	
Committee	to	apply	largely	objective	criteria	
in	determining	the	level	of	bonus	(if	any)	which	
should be awarded, with the advice of the 
Chairman	of	the	Company,	Ken	Harvey.

(iii) long-term incentive plan – A 
Performance and co-investment Plan (PcP) 
was	operated	by	the	Company	during	the	
year	for	Executive	Directors	and	Senior	
Management.

the purpose of the PcP is to award shares 
to participants subject to the achievement of 
stretching performance conditions measured 
over	three	years.	Awards	under	the	PCP,	in	
the	form	of	a	conditional	right	over	ordinary	
shares	in	the	Company,	were	made	by	the	
Committee	in	July	2009	and,	for	Executive	
directors, the award was over shares worth 
100%	of	basic	salary.	In	accordance	with	
its discretion pursuant to the rules of the 
PcP, the committee made the vesting of 
the awards also subject to the fulfilment of a 
co-investment	condition	whereby	Executive	
Directors	were	required	to	invest	and	hold	
shares	in	the	Company	equal	to	20%	of	the	
value of their award over the restricted Period 
(being	a	period	of	three	years	from	the	date	of	
the	award).	The	percentage	requirement	for	
senior	management	was	suitably	scaled	back.	
the number of shares subject to each award in 
the	event	of	vesting	will	be	increased	by	such	
number	of	shares	as	could	have	been	acquired	
by	reinvesting	the	dividends	which	would	
otherwise have been received on those shares 
prior	to	vesting	or	exercise.	

The	PCP	awards	made	in	July	2009	will	vest	
based	on	the	Company’s	total	shareholder	
return	(TSR)	performance	over	a	three-year	
performance period against two different 
comparator groups as set out below. this 
is the same performance criteria that was 
applied	to	the	PCP	awards	made	in	July	
2008.	TSR	measures	the	value	created	for	
shareholders through increases in share price 
and	the	payment	of	dividends	and	was	applied	
by	the	Committee	because,	based	upon	advice	
received from remuneration consultants, 
Deloitte	&	Touche	LLP,	it	believes	that	this	is	
an appropriate measure to align the interests 
of	the	Executive	Directors	with	those	of	
shareholders: 

•	 Up	to	50%	of	an	award	will	vest	according	

to	the	Company’s	TSR	performance	
measured	against	an	index	made	up	of	
the	following	six	listed	water	and	waste	
comparator companies:

P.42  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

 
 
	 Northumbrian	Water	Group
  séché environnement
  severn trent 
	 Shanks	Group
	 Suez	Environnement
  united utilities

	 These	are	the	Company’s	key	listed	sector	

comparators. 

Water/Waste GrouP 

vesting
% of total award

Above	the	index

+15%	

Equal	to	the	index	

straight-line vesting in between  
the above points

Below	the	index	

50%

15%

0%

•	 Up	to	50%	of	the	award	will	vest	according	
to	the	Company’s	ranked	TSR	performance	
against	the	constituents	of	the	FTSE	250	
index	(excluding	investment	trusts).	This	
is	the	FTSE	index	to	which	the	Company	
belonged at the time of the award. 

ftse 250 GrouP 

vesting
% of total award

At	or	above	the	75th	percentile	

Above	50th	percentile	

straight-line vesting in between 
the above points

50%

15%

At	or	below	the	50th	percentile	

0%

In	addition	to	this	TSR	condition,	before	any	
award is capable of vesting, the committee will 
also	need	to	be	satisfied	that	the	underlying	
operational and economic performance of 
the	Company	is	at	a	satisfactory	level.	This	
will	include	consideration	of	sustainability	and	
environmental	factors	and	safety	performance,	
as well as financial performance.

For	the	first	PCP	awards	made	in	August	
2007 (following shareholder approval at the 
Annual	General	Meeting	in	July	2007)	the	same	
performance measures were used as set out 
above save that the sector comparator group 
included Biffa and Kelda Group (instead of 
Séché	and	Suez).	As	these	companies	have	now	
de-listed, the committee in respect of the 2007 
award	at	the	end	of	the	three-year	Restricted	
Period will have discretion to include them in 
the	calculation	of	the	index	up	to	the	date	of	
de-listing (or other earlier date at its discretion) 
and	exclude	them	from	that	date	onwards	or	
adopt an alternative approach.

Whilst	the	Committee	intends	currently	to	
apply	similar	performance	conditions	to	those	
set	out	above	to	any	future	PCP	awards,	they	
will be reviewed on an annual basis to ensure 
that	they	remain	appropriate	and	suitably	
stretching for future awards.

Between	1997	and	2006	the	Company	
operated a restricted share Plan (rsP). the 
final award made in september 2006 reached 
the	end	of	its	three-year	restricted	period	in	
September	2009	with	the	TSR	performance	
of	the	Company	against	a	comparator	group	
being	measured	over	the	three-year	period	
ended	on	31	March	2009	(details	of	the	RSP	
and the tsr performance condition applied 
are	set	out	in	the	notes	to	table	(b)	‘Restricted	
share Plan and Performance co-investment 
Plan’ on page 46). over this period the 
Company	achieved	the	position	equivalent	to	
the	50th	percentile	of	the	comparator	group	
which resulted in no shares vesting from the 
award.	For	at	least	part	of	the	award	to	have	
vested	the	Company	would	have	needed	to	
achieve a position at least above the position 
of	the	company	at	or	nearest	to	(but	not	
above)	the	50th	percentile	position	of	the	
comparator	group.	For	the	2004	RSP	award	
which	vested	in	2007,	85%	of	the	award	
vested	and	for	the	2005	award	which	vested	
in	2008,	70%	of	the	award	vested.	Any	awards	
which did not vest at the end of the relevant 
Restricted	Period	lapsed	and	therefore	15%	
and	30%	of	the	awards	which	vested	in	2007	
and	2008	respectively	lapsed	and	100%	of	the	
2006	award	lapsed	in	September	2009.

(iv) other share schemes	–	Executive	
directors are entitled to participate in the 
Company’s	Sharesave	Scheme	and	Share	
Incentive	Plan.	Both	are	all-employee	plans	to	
which	performance	conditions	do	not	apply.	

(v) service contracts – In accordance 
with	Company	policy,	all	Executive	Directors	
have	service	contracts	subject	to	one	year’s	
notice.	They	are	due	to	expire	when	Executive	
directors reach their normal retirement age 
of	60	unless	extended	by	agreement	between	
the	Director	and	the	Company.	No	provision	
is	made	for	termination	payments	under	the	
service contracts. In the event of termination 
by	the	Company	of	any	Executive	Director’s	
service contract, the Board would determine 
what	payments	(if	any)	should	be	made	to	the	
director depending on the circumstances of 
the termination. the dates of the contracts 
are:

Colin	Drummond	
David	Dupont	
Chris	Loughlin	

5	March	1992
2	January	2003
16	May	2006

(vi) Provision for pensions – colin 
drummond and david dupont participate in 
the Pennon Group Pension scheme and the 
Pennon	Group	Executive	Pension	Scheme.	
these are funded defined benefit schemes 
which, dependent on length of service at 
normal retirement date, could amount to 
two-thirds	of	final	pensionable	pay,	with	the	
exception	of	service	to	5	April	2006	where	
an earnings cap applied in these schemes to 
these two directors. 

Both were provided with additional pension 
benefits under an unapproved funded 
Supplementary	Pension	Scheme	of	the	
Company	in	order	to	bring	their	pension	
benefits up to a level which would have been 
provided under the other schemes as if the 
Earnings	Cap	had	not	applied.	With	effect	
from 6 April 2006 the earnings cap no longer 
applied to pension schemes as part of the 
simplification	of	taxation	of	pensions	legislation.	
The	Committee	accordingly	decided	to	provide	
all of the directors’ future service pension 
benefits above the earnings cap level from the 
Pennon	Group	Executive	Pension	Scheme.	The	
Supplementary	Pension	Scheme	was	therefore	
closed and the accrued benefits were paid out 
to its members in April 2006.

The	pensionable	pay	for	Executive	Directors	
consists	of	the	highest	basic	salary	in	any	
consecutive 12-month period of service within 
five	years	of	retirement.	Bonuses	are	not	
included	in	pensionable	pay.	

In lieu of the provision of pension benefits, 
Chris	Loughlin	receives	an	annual	payment	
equivalent	to	30%	of	his	annual	basic	salary.

In determining remuneration arrangements 
for	Executive	Directors,	the	Committee	
gives full consideration to their impact on the 
pension schemes’ funds and costs of providing 
individual	pension	arrangements	or	payments	
in lieu of pension provision.

total sHareHolDer return (tsr) 

tsr 

250

200

150

100

50

2005

2006

2007

2008
Calendar	year

2009

2010

Pennon Group

ftse 250

the graph above shows the value, over the 
five-year	period	ending	on	31	March	2010,	
of £100 invested in Pennon Group on 31 
March	2005	compared	with	the	value	of	£100	
invested	in	the	FTSE	250	Index.	The	other	
points plotted are the values at intervening 
financial	year-ends.	This	Index	is	considered	
appropriate	as	it	is	a	broad	equity	market	
index	of	which	the	Company	has	been	a	
constituent over most of the period covered.

the graph above has been produced in 
accordance with regulations made pursuant to 
section 421 of the companies Act 2006.

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.43

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non-exeCutive DireCtors anD 
tHe CHairman
Non-executive	Directors’	remuneration	
(excluding	that	of	the	Chairman,	Ken	Harvey)	
consisting	of	fees	only	as	set	out	below,	
is	determined	by	the	Board	of	Directors,	
including the chairman, but in the absence 
of	the	other	Non-executive	Directors.	It	is	
usually	reviewed	each	year	to	take	account	of	
market	changes	in	non-executive	directors’	
fees.	The	Non-executive	Directors’	fees	were	
not	increased	for	2009/10	in	line	with	the	
Executive	Directors.	In	reviewing	the	fees,	the	
Board	takes	into	account	market	information	
on	non-executive	directors’	fees.	For	2009/10	
the	Non-executive	Directors	received	a	
base	fee	of	£35,000	per	annum.	The	Audit,	
Remuneration	and	Corporate	Responsibility	
committee chairs were paid fees of £10,000, 
£7,000	and	£7,000	per	annum	respectively	
and the committee members received 
£4,000	each.	For	this	and	subsequent	years	
the	policy	expected	to	be	applied	in	respect	
of	Non-executive	Director	fees	will	be	to	

set fees around the median level compared 
with	the	market,	which	the	Board	believes	
is	appropriate	to	attract	and	retain	suitably	
experienced	non-executive	directors.

The	Chairman’s	remuneration	is	set	by	the	
remuneration committee. the chairman’s fee 
was	not	increased	for	2009/10	in	line	with	the	
Executive	Directors.	

The	policy	of	the	Committee	to	be	applied	
for	this	and	in	subsequent	years	is	the	same	as	
that	of	the	Executive	Directors	in	reviewing	
the	fees	of	the	Non-executive	Directors	as	set	
out above. In addition to a fee the chairman 
receives	a	fully-expensed	car	benefit	and	
health cover. 

no other benefits or remuneration are 
received	by	the	Chairman.

The	Non-executive	Directors	(excluding	
the chairman) have contracts for services 
setting out their terms and conditions of 

The	dates	of	the	Non-executive	Directors’	contracts	are:

appointment which are subject to the Articles 
of	Association	of	the	Company	and	which	
may	be	extended	by	agreement	between	the	
Company	and	the	Non-executive	Directors.	
No	provision	is	made	for	any	termination	
payment	under	these	contracts.

the chairman has a contract for services 
dated	1	April	2005	which	is	subject	to	12	
months’	notice	to	provide	the	Company	
with	reasonable	security	with	regard	to	his	
ongoing	service.	No	provision	is	made	for	any	
termination	payments	under	this	contract.

the contracts for services of the chairman and 
the	Non-executive	Directors	reflect	corporate	
governance best practice and, together with 
the	Executive	Directors’	service	contracts,	
are	available	for	inspection	at	the	Company’s	
registered office during normal business hours.

Director 

Martin Angle 

Gerard connell 

dinah nichols 

Date of contract 

28	November	2008	

30 september 2003 

10 June 2003 

expiry date of contract

30 november 2011

30 september 2012

11 June 2012

The	above	contracts	do	not	contain	any	notice	periods.

The	information	set	out	below	and	on	the	remaining	pages	of	this	Remuneration	Report	(pages	44	to	48)	has	been	audited	by	the	Group’s	
independent auditors, Pricewaterhousecoopers llP.

emoluments of DireCtors

The	emoluments	of	individual	Directors	holding	office	during	2009/10	were:

director 

Chairman:
Ken	Harvey	

Executive Directors:
colin drummond 

david dupont 

chris loughlin 

Non-executive Directors:

Martin Angle 

Gerard connell 

dinah nichols 

Performance 
related cash 
bonus paid or 
payable2

£000

Salary/fees

£000

other 
emoluments1

£000

Payment	in	lieu	
of pension3

total 2010 - 
year to 31 march

Total	2009	-	
Year to 31 March

£000

£000

£000

220 

330 

330 

315	

50	

53	

50

– 

155	

1524 

	1514

– 

– 

– 

26 

22 

21 

22 

– 

– 

– 

91	

– 

– 

– 

95	

– 

– 

– 

95	

246 

507

503

583

50

53

50 

246

432

435

527

17

50

48

1,992 

1,755	

total 

1,348	

458

1   other emoluments are car benefit and health cover.
2		 In	addition	to	the	performance-related	cash	bonus,	Executive	Directors	are	due	to	receive	a	conditional	award	of	shares	as	referred	to	in	a	note	

to (c) ’Annual Incentive Bonus Plan – deferred Bonus shares (long-term incentive element)’ on page 47.

3	 In	lieu	of	any	pension	provision	by	the	Company,	Chris	Loughlin	receives	a	cash	payment	equivalent	to	30%	of	his	annual	basic	salary.
4	 The	performance-related	cash	bonus	payable	to	David	Dupont	includes	£4,000	and	to	Chris	Loughlin	includes	£6,600	which	were	paid	in	

February	2010.	This	was	an	additional	bonus	paid	to	the	two	Directors	for	the	year	2008/09	due	to	a	reassessment	of	performance	against	
budgeted parameters.

	 No	expense	allowances	chargeable	to	tax	or	termination	or	compensation	payments	were	made	during	the	year.

P.44  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

 
 
exeCutive DireCtors’ Pensions

Defined	benefit	pensions	accrued	and	payable	on	retirement	for	Executive	Directors	holding	office	during	2009/10	were:

Increase in 
accrued pension 
during	2009/10	
(net of inflation)
£000
a

Increase in 
accrued pension 
during	2009/10
£000
b

Accrued 
pension at 
31 March 2010
£000
c

transfer 
value at 
31 march 2010
£000
d

transfer 
value at 
31	March	2009
£000
e

Increase in 
transfer value 
(net of directors’ 
contributions)
£000
f

transfer value of 
column a (net 
of directors’ 
contributions)
£000
g

5	

6 

8	

9	

146 

131 

3,424 

2,798 

2,930	

2,319	

464 

450	

79

91

director

colin drummond 

david dupont 

Column	a	above	is	the	increase	in	accrued	pension	during	2009/10	(net	of	inflation).	It	recognises:

i	the	accrual	rate	for	the	additional	period’s	service	based	upon	the	pensionable	pay	at	the	end	of	the	period;	and
ii	the	effect	of	pay	changes	in	real	terms	(net	of	inflation)	upon	the	accrued	pension	at	the	start	of	the	year.

Column	b	is	the	actual	increase	in	accrued	pension	during	2009/10.
Column	c	is	the	accrued	pension	at	31	March	2010	payable	at	normal	retirement	age.
column d is the transfer value of the accrued pension set out in column c as at 31 March 2010.
Column	e	is	the	transfer	value	of	the	accrued	pension	at	the	end	of	the	previous	financial	year	on	31	March	2009.
Column	f	is	the	increase	in	the	transfer	value	during	the	year	(column	d	minus	column	e)	after	deducting	Directors’	contributions.
column g is the transfer value of column a, less directors’ contributions.
columns d, e, f and g have been calculated in accordance with Actuarial Guidance note Gn11.

Under	the	Company’s	pension	salary	deduction	arrangements,	the	Company	pays	all	pension	scheme	members’	contributions	to	the	Group	pension	
schemes	and	salaries	are	reduced	by	the	same	amount.	The	figures	quoted	above	have	not	been	adjusted	to	reflect	this	arrangement.

The	above	Directors	have	the	option	to	pay	additional	voluntary	contributions;	neither	the	contributions	nor	the	resulting	benefits	are	included	in	
the table shown above.

DireCtors’ sHare interests

(a) shareholdings

The	number	of	ordinary	shares	of	the	Company	in	which	Directors	held	beneficial	interests	at	31	March	2010	and	31	March	2009	were:

Director 

Martin Angle 

Gerard connell

colin drummond 

david dupont 

2010 
ordinary shares 
(40.7p each) 

2009
ordinary shares
(40.7p each) 

–

4,000 

239,218 

213,510 

–

–

216,363 

193,819	

Director 

Ken	Harvey	

chris loughlin 

dinah nichols 

2010 
ordinary shares 
(40.7p each) 

2009
ordinary shares
(40.7p each)

18,209 

38,876 

4,549 

13,209

29,442

4,549

Since	31	March	2010	389	additional	ordinary	shares	(40.7p	each)	have	been	acquired	by	Chris	Loughlin	as	a	result	of	participation	in	the	Company’s	
Scrip	Dividend	Alternative	and	the	Company’s	Share	Incentive	Plan	and	92	additional	ordinary	shares	(40.7p	each)	have	been	acquired	by	David	
dupont as a result of dividend reinvestment in an IsA.

There	have	been	no	other	changes	in	the	beneficial	interests	or	the	non-beneficial	interests	of	the	Directors	in	the	ordinary	shares	of	the	Company	
between 1 April 2010 and 4 June 2010.

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(b) restricted share Plan and Performance and Co-investment Plan (long-term incentive Plans)

In	addition	to	the	above	beneficial	interests,	the	following	Directors	have	or	had	a	contingent	interest	in	the	number	of	40.7p	ordinary	shares	shown	
below,	representing	the	maximum	number	of	shares	to	which	they	would	become	entitled	under	the	Group’s	Long-Term	Incentive	Plans	should	the	
relevant criteria be met in full:

|

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director and date 
of award

colin drummond

18/9/06	¹

29/8/07	²	

10/7/08	²	

1/7/09	²

david dupont

18/9/06	¹

29/8/07	²	

10/7/08	²	

1/7/09	²

chris loughlin

18/9/06	¹

29/8/07	²

10/7/08	²

1/7/09	²

conditional 
awards held 
at	1	April	2009

conditional
awards made 
in	year

Market	price	
of each share 
upon award 
in	year	

Value	of	shares
upon vesting
(before	tax)	
£000

Conditional
awards held at 
31 march 2010

date of end of
period	for	qualifying
condition to be 
fulfilled

Vesting	in	
year

41,363

53,859	

51,764

– 

– 

– 

– 

67,831

498.62p

lapsed 

Nil	Value

557.00p

637.50p	

486.50p

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

498.62p	

lapsed 

Nil	Value

41,363 

53,859	

51,764	

– 

– 

– 

557.00p	

637.50p	

– 

67,831

486.50p

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

36,099	

49,371	

49,411	

– 

– 

– 

– 

64,748

498.62p	

lapsed 

Nil	Value

557.00p	

637.50p	

486.50p

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

53,859

51,764 

67,831

– 

53,859 

51,764 

67,831

– 

49,371

49,411 

64,748

17/9/09

28/8/10

9/7/11

30/6/12

17/9/09

28/8/10

9/7/11

30/6/12

17/9/09

	28/8/10

9/7/11

30/6/12

1		These	awards	relate	to	the	Company’s	Restricted	Share	Plan	(RSP).	
2		These	awards	relate	to	the	Company’s	Performance	and	Co-investment	Plan	(PCP)	which	succeeded	the	RSP	in	2007.	Details	of	the	PCP	and	the		
	 performance	conditions	applicable	to	these	Awards	are	set	out	in	section	(iii)	‘Long-Term	Incentive	Plan’	on	page	42	of	this	report.

None	of	the	2006	RSP	Award	vested	in	September	2009	because	the	performance	criterion	had	not	been	met.	The	Award	therefore	lapsed	in	its	
entirety.	The	performance	criterion	applicable	to	this	Award	was:	the	total	shareholder	return	(TSR)	achieved	by	the	Company	in	the	performance	
period	must	be	greater	than	that	of	the	company	at	or	nearest	to	(but	not	above)	the	50th	percentile	position	of	the	comparator	group.	If	the	
TSR	performance	condition	had	been	met	then	50%	of	an	award	would	have	vested	with	100%	vesting	if	the	Company	had	achieved	the	position	
equal	or	closest	to,	but	not	above,	the	75th	percentile	position	of	the	comparator	group.	The	achievement	of	a	position	between	the	50th	and	the	
75th	percentile	positions	would	have	resulted	in	vesting	in	steps	reflecting	the	number	of	companies	within	that	third	quartile	of	the	comparator	
group.	The	comparator	group	consisted	of	nine	of	the	water	only,	water	and	sewerage,	electricity	and	gas	companies	in	the	FTSE	Utilities	Index	and	
quoted	on	the	London	Stock	Exchange.	The	TSR	of	each	company	in	the	comparator	group	was	measured	by	Hewitt	Associates	Limited	assuming	
that	all	dividends	were	reinvested	and	was	calculated	by	taking	the	average	market	value	of	each	company’s	shares	for	the	whole	of	March	before	
the	beginning	of	the	relevant	three-year	performance	period	and	comparing	this	to	the	average	market	value	of	the	same	shares	for	the	whole	of	
March	at	the	end	of	the	three-year	period.	Based	upon	independent	remuneration	consultant’s	advice	this	method	of	measurement	was	considered	
to be fair and transparent to participants in the Plan and also an accurate measure of actual performance. the above performance criterion was 
chosen	by	the	Remuneration	Committee	because	it	was	considered	to	be	an	appropriate	measure	of	the	Group’s	performance	which	also	aligned	
itself to the interests of shareholders.

During	the	year	the	Directors	received	dividends	on	the	above	shares	in	accordance	with	the	conditions	of	the	RSP	as	follows:

Colin	Drummond	£8,686;	David	Dupont	£8,686;	Chris	Loughlin	£7,580.

As the 2006 rsP Award was the final award made pursuant to that Plan (having been replaced in 2007 with the Performance and co-investment 
Plan)	no	further	dividends	pursuant	to	the	RSP	will	be	payable	to	the	Directors.

P.46  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

 
 
 
 
 
 
(c) annual incentive Bonus Plan – Deferred Bonus shares (long-term incentive element)

The	following	Directors	have	or	had	a	contingent	interest	in	the	number	of	40.7p	ordinary	shares	shown	below,	representing	the	total	number	of	
shares	to	which	they	have	(or	would)	become	entitled	under	the	deferred	bonus	element	of	the	Annual	Incentive	Bonus	Plan	(the	Bonus	Plan)	at	
the	end	of	the	relevant	qualifying	period:

director and date 
of award 

colin drummond

26/7/06	¹			

26/7/07	²

27/6/08	

30/9/09	³

david dupont

26/7/06	¹	

26/7/07	²

27/6/08	

30/9/09	³

27/2/10

chris loughlin

26/7/07	²

27/6/08	

30/9/09	³

27/2/10

conditional 
awards held 
at	1	April	2009	

conditional 
awards made 
in	year	

Market	price	
of each share 
upon award 
in	year	

Value	of	shares	
upon vesting
(before	tax)	
£000 

Conditional 
awards held at 
31 march 2010 

Vesting	in	
year	

normal date of 
end of period for 
qualifying
condition to be 
fulfilled

16,527	

17,798	

22,838

– 

– 

– 

– 

16,730

16,095

17,018	

21,145	

– 

– 

8,767

18,806		

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

17,880

755

– 

– 

19,562

1,261

486.00p	

599.50p	

620.00p 

473.40p

486.00p	

599.50p	

620.00p 

473.40p

524.50p

599.50p

620.00p 

473.40p

524.50p

16,527	

17,798	

– 

– 

16,095	

17,018	

– 

– 

– 

8,767

– 

– 

– 

75	

94

– 

– 

73 

90	

– 

– 

– 

46 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

22,838 

16,730

– 

– 

21,145

17,880

755

– 

18,806 

19,562

1,261

25/7/09

25/7/10

26/6/11

29/9/12

25/7/09

25/7/10

26/6/11

29/9/12

26/2/13

25/7/10	

26/6/11

29/9/12

26/2/13

1		 The	amount	of	the	awards	made	on	26	July	2006	were	adjusted	in	the	ratio	three-for-one	consequent	upon	the	Company’s	share	capital	split	on		
	 31	July	2006	and	the	awards	vested	on	25	July	2009	at	a	market	price	of	454.36p	per	ordinary	share	as	the	performance	condition	had	been	met.
2		 The	26	July	2007	awards	vested	on	12	March	2010	at	a	market	price	of	527.60p	per	ordinary	share.	The	Remuneration	Committee	varied	the		
	 terms	of	the	Bonus	Plan	to	bring	forward	the	vesting	of	these	awards	from	25	July	2010	subject	to	possible	clawback	in	the	event	that	the	Bonus		
	 Plan	performance	condition	(relating	to	service)	would	not	be	met	at	the	end	of	the	original	qualifying	period	on	25	July	2010.
3		 In	addition	to	the	awards	made	on	30	September	2009	the	Directors	also	received	options	pursuant	to	the	Company’s	Executive	Share	Option		
  scheme (the esos), details of which are set out in the table of paragraph (d) below. these awards were made in conjunction with the operation  
	 of	the	Bonus	Plan,	the	provisions	of	which	have	been	varied	by	the	Remuneration	Committee	to	provide	for	forfeiture	of	equivalent	shares	from		
	 the	Bonus	Plan	in	the	event	that	the	ESOS	options	are	exercised	by	the	Directors.	Further	details	of	this	variation	to	the	Bonus	Plan	and	to	the		
	 operation	of	the	ESOS	are	set	out	in	paragraph	(ii)	‘Performance-related	bonus’	on	page	42.

During	the	year	the	Directors	received	dividends	on	the	above	shares	in	accordance	with	the	conditions	of	the	Bonus	Plan	as	follows:	Colin	
Drummond	£9,649;	David	Dupont	£9,100;	Chris	Loughlin	£5,790.

A further conditional award of shares will be made in 2010/11 to the value of the amount of the performance-related cash bonus shown in 
the	Emoluments	of	Directors	table	on	page	44.	(Paragraph	(ii)	‘Performance-related	bonus’	on	page	42	sets	out	the	provisions	relating	to	the	
conditional	award	of	shares	pursuant	to	the	Plan),	save	to	the	extent	already	awarded	on	27	February	2010	as	set	out	in	the	table	above.

(d) executive share option scheme

The	following	Directors	have	a	contingent	interest	in	the	number	of	share	options	pursuant	to	the	Company’s	Executive	Share	Option	Scheme	shown	
below.	Further	details	relating	to	the	operation	of	the	Scheme	are	set	out	in	paragraph	(ii)	‘Performance-related	bonus’	on	page	42.	

Director and 
date of grant 

colin drummond

30/9/09	

david dupont

30/9/09	

chris loughlin

30/9/09	

options 
held at 
1 april 2009 

Granted 
in year 

exercised 
in year 

exercise 
price per 
share 

market price 
of each share 
on exercising 

market value of 
each share at 
31 march 2010 

options 
held at 
31 march 2010 

maturity 
date

– 

– 

– 

6,337

6,337

6,337

– 

– 

– 

473.40p

473.40p

473.40p

– 

– 

– 

522.50p

6,337

29/9/12

522.50p

6,337

29/9/12

522.50p

6,337

29/9/12

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.47

W

I

E
V
E
R
S
S
E
n
S
u
B

I

|

T
R
O
p
E
R

’

S
R
O
T
C
E
R
D

I

(e) sharesave scheme

Details	of	options	to	subscribe	for	shares	of	the	Company	under	the	all-employee	Sharesave	Scheme	were:

director and 
date of grant 

colin drummond

4/7/06 † 

6/7/09

david dupont

3/7/07 

chris loughlin

3/7/07 

options 
held at 
1	April	2009	

Granted 
in	year	

Exercised	
in	year	

Exercise	
price per 
share 

Market	price	of	
each share 
on	exercising	

Value	of	each	
share at 
31 March 2010 

options 
held at 
31 march 2010 

Exercise	period/
maturity	date

2,613 

– 

2,613 

357.66p	

461.00p

–

– 

1/9/09	–	28/2/10

– 

2,351

– 

386.00p

3,136 

3,136 

– 

– 

– 

522.00p	

– 

522.00p	

–

– 

– 

522.50p

2,351

1/9/12	–	28/2/13

522.50p

3,136 

1/9/12	–	28/2/13

522.50p	

3,136 

1/9/12	–	28/2/13

†	The	options	held	and	the	exercise	price	have	been	adjusted	in	the	ratio	three-for-one	consequent	upon	the	Company’s	share	capital	split	on	
31	July	2006.

(f) share price
The	market	price	of	the	Company’s	40.7p	ordinary	shares	at	31	March	2010	was	522.50p	(2009	405.00p)	and	the	range	during	the	year	was	
404.00p	to	549.50p	(2008/09	380.75p	to	663.00p).

By	Order	of	the	Board

KEN	WOODIER,	Group	General	Counsel	&	Company	Secretary

24 June 2010

P.48  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

 
 
 
 
 
 
CORpORaTE GOVERnanCE anD 
InTERnaL COnTROL

  introDuCtion anD ComPlianCe

the Board is committed to the highest 
standards of corporate governance with the 
aim of continuing to enhance its effectiveness. 
the Annual report is the principal means 
of reporting to shareholders on the Board’s 
governance policies. this section sets out 
how the main and supporting principles 
of good corporate governance contained 
in section 1 of the combined code (June 
2008	version)	which	apply	to	the	Company,	
have been applied in practice. the code is 
publicly	available	on	the	Financial	Reporting	
council website frcpublications.com	or	by	
telephoning	020	8247	1264.

The	Company	considers	that	it	has	complied	
with the provisions of the code throughout 
the	year.

The	information	required	to	be	published	
by	Rule	7.2.6R	of	the	UK	Listing	Authority’s	
Disclosure	and	Transparency	Rules	is	set	out	
in	the	Directors’	Report	on	page	38.

  tHe BoarD anD its Committees

tHe BoarD

The	Board	of	Directors	at	the	end	of	the	year	
comprised	the	Chairman,	three	Executive	
Directors	and	three	Non-executive	Directors.	
All	three	of	the	Non-executive	Directors	
are considered to be independent as none 
of the relationships or circumstances set out 
in paragraph A.3.1 of the combined code 
apply	to	them.	They	are	also	considered	to	
have	the	appropriate	skills,	experience	in	
their	respective	disciplines	and	personality	to	
bring independent and objective judgement 
to the Board’s deliberations. Gerard connell 
is	the	Senior	Independent	Non-executive	
director. the biographies on page 40 
demonstrate a broad range of business and 
financial	experience.	There	is	a	clear	division	
of responsibilities between the roles of 
Chairman	and	the	Chief	Executives	of	South	
West	Water	and	Viridor	as	recorded	in	the	
descriptions	of	the	roles	approved	by	the	
Board. All directors are subject to re-election 
when	they	have	held	office	for	three	years.

The	Directors	on	the	Board	during	the	year	
were as listed in the emoluments table on 
page 44 (directors’ remuneration report). 
the Board met in accordance with its 
schedule of meetings on twelve occasions. 
All directors were present at each meeting 
with	the	exception	of	Martin	Angle	who	was	
absent on one occasion. In accordance with 
Group policies the Board has a schedule 

of matters reserved for its decision and 
delegates more detailed consideration of 
certain matters to Board committees; to 
the	subsidiary	boards	of	South	West	Water	
and	Viridor;	to	the	Executive	Directors;	and	
to	the	Group	General	Counsel	&	Company	
Secretary,	as	appropriate.	Recognising	this	
policy,	the	matters	reserved	to	the	Board	
include the approval of financial statements; 
acquisitions	and	disposals;	major	items	of	
capital	expenditure;	authority	levels	for	
other	expenditure;	risk	management;	and	
approval of the strategic Plan and annual 
operating budgets.

The	Board	operates	by	receiving	written	
reports circulated in advance of its meetings 
from	the	Executive	Directors	and	the	Group	
General	Counsel	&	Company	Secretary	on	
matters within their respective business 
areas in the Group. under the guidance of 
the chairman, all matters before the Board 
are	discussed	openly	and	presentations	and	
advice are received on occasions from other 
senior	executives	within	the	Group	or	from	
external	advisers.

directors have access to the advice and 
services of the Group General counsel 
&	Company	Secretary	and	the	Board	has	
established	a	procedure	whereby	Directors,	
in	order	to	fulfil	their	duties,	may	seek	
independent professional advice at the 
Company’s	expense.	The	training	needs	of	
directors are reviewed on a regular basis.

the Board has internal procedures to evaluate 
the performance of the whole Board, each 
committee, the chairman, each individual 
Director	and	the	Group	General	Counsel	&	
Company	Secretary.	The	evaluation	procedure	
relating to the Board and its committees 
was	administered	for	the	year	by	the	Group	
General	Counsel	&	Company	Secretary.	All	
participants’ views were sought on a range of 
questions	which	were	specifically	designed	to	
ensure objective evaluation of performance for 
the	year	2009/10.	The	participants’	responses	
were	then	summarised	and	evaluated	by	
the	Group	General	Counsel	&	Company	
Secretary	for	the	Board	and	each	Committee	
to	consider	and	determine	whether	any	
changes should be made to be more effective. 
overall performance was considered to be 
satisfactory	but	a	number	of	views	expressed	
by	Directors	on	the	operation	of	the	Board	
and certain committees were considered with 
a view to improving performance and overall 
governance.  Arising from the evaluation the 
Board agreed that it would be appropriate to 
review the Matters reserved to the Board and 
the financial limits on delegations to directors. 

the Board also considered whether there 
was	a	need	in	the	forthcoming	year	for	
an	independent	and	externally	facilitated	
performance review to be carried out 
and noted that the new uK corporate 
Governance	Code	of	the	Financial	Reporting	
Council	which	applies	to	financial	years	
commencing	on	or	after	29	June	2010	stated	
that evaluation of the Board should be 
externally	facilitated	at	least	every	three	years.	
the Board agreed to consider the options 
available	for	an	externally	facilitated	evaluation	
later	in	the	year.	

the chairman’s performance was evaluated 
separately	by	the	Non-executive	Directors,	
led	by	the	Senior	Independent	Non-executive	
director. the chairman’s other significant 
commitments outside the Group have not 
changed	during	the	year	and	the	Board	is	
satisfied that such commitments do not 
prejudice the chairman’s performance in 
relation to his Group role.

All	Directors	are	equally	accountable	for	the	
proper stewardship of the Group’s affairs 
with	the	Non-executive	Directors	having	
a	particular	responsibility	for	ensuring	that	
strategies proposed for the development of 
the	business	are	critically	reviewed.	The	Non-
executive	Directors	also	critically	examine	
the operational and financial performance of 
the	Group	and	fulfil	a	key	role	in	corporate	
accountability	through	their	membership	of	
the committees of the Board. In addition 
the	Chairman	during	the	year	holds	meetings	
with	the	Non-executive	Directors	without	
the	Executive	Directors	present,	to	discuss	
performance and strategic issues.

the Board has in place a procedure for the 
consideration and authorisation of conflicts 
or	possible	conflicts	with	the	Company’s	
interests. this is in accordance with the 
directors’ interests provisions of  the 
Companies	Act	2006	and	the	Company’s	
Articles of Association which grants to 
Directors	authority	to	approve	such	conflicts	
subject to appropriate conditions.

Group	policies	allocate	the	tasks	of	giving	
detailed consideration to specified matters, to 
monitoring	executive	actions	and	to	assessing	
reward, to the Board committees as set 
out overleaf.

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.49

The	Committee	has	been	keeping	the	balance	
between	audit	and	non-audit	work	under	
close review and continues to ensure that 
it is satisfied the auditors’ independence 
and	objectivity	are	safeguarded	before	
granting	permission	for	non-audit	work	to	
be	undertaken.	

The	Executive	Directors,	South	West	Water	
and	Viridor	Finance	Directors,	the	Group	
Financial	Controller,	the	Group	Internal	
Auditor	and	the	external	auditors	attend	
meetings	of	the	Committee	by	invitation.	
Provision	is	made	for	both	the	external	and	
internal auditors to have the right of direct 
access to the committee, and in particular the 
committee chairman, without the presence 
of	any	Executive	Director	or	other	Senior	
Management.

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auDit Committee

The	Audit	Committee	was	chaired	by	Gerard	
connell, who has current and relevant 
financial	experience.	The	other	members	of	
the committee were Martin Angle and dinah 
Nichols.	During	the	year	the	Committee	
met on five occasions and all members were 
present	at	each	meeting	with	the	exception	
of Martin Angle who was absent on one 
occasion. In discharging its terms of reference 
the committee receives reports and meets 
regularly	in	particular	to:

–		 monitor	the	integrity	of	the	financial		

statements of the Group, including a review  
  of significant reporting judgements, prior to  

approval	by	the	Board;

–		 keep	under	review	the	effectiveness	of	the		
  Group’s internal controls, including all    
  material financial, operational and  

compliance	controls	and	risk	management		
systems;

–	 monitor	and	annually	review	the		
  effectiveness of the Group’s internal audit  
function and approve the annual internal  
audit plan;

–   review the findings of the internal audit   

function and review and monitor  

  management’s responsiveness to such    

findings;

–		 oversee	the	relationship	with	the	external		
auditors including their appointment;  
remuneration; re-appointment; removal;  
the monitoring of their independence and  
	 objectivity	particularly	having	regard	to	the		
supply	of	any	non-audit	services	by	the			
auditors; and

–   receive internal control reports from the  
	 external	auditors	and	meet	with	them	in		

the absence of management at least once a  
year	to	discuss	their	remit	and	any	issues		
arising from the audit.

In	addition	the	Committee	periodically	reviews	
the arrangements for, and the effectiveness of, 
the	Group’s	‘whistleblowing’	policies	(details	of	
which are set out on page 33 of the Business 
review).

The	Committee	pays	particular	attention	
to	the	independence	and	objectivity	of	
the auditors having regard to the Auditing 
Practices Board’s ethical standards. 
Periodically	a	review	of	the	provision	of	
external	audit	services	is	undertaken	in	
accordance	with	guidance	issued	by	the	
Committee.	The	last	review	was	undertaken	
in 2006 when the current auditors were 
appointed	following	the	carrying	out	of	a	
detailed competitive tender process.  the 
Committee	also	has	an	established	policy	for	
the engagement of the auditors for non-audit 
work	by	the	Group.	This	involves	the	Group	
Director	of	Finance	setting	out	in	a	report	
to the committee reasons for appointing 

the	auditors	for	any	material	work	and	
obtaining the approval of the committee. 
Such	appointment	will	only	be	granted	if	the	
committee is satisfied that the auditors’ 
independence	and	objectivity	are	safeguarded.	
This	is	achieved	by	reviewing	the	appointment	
with the auditors as considered appropriate 
and	receiving	from	the	auditors	at	the	year-end	
a letter setting out how the auditors believe 
their	independence	and	objectivity	have	been	
maintained.	The	Company’s	current	auditors	
ensure that the senior partner responsible 
for	the	external	audit	of	the	Group	remains	
responsible for such audit for no more than 
five	years	and	that	there	is	an	independent	
partner who is involved in planning the audit 
and in the reviewing of the final accounts of 
the	Company	including	assessing	any	critical	
matters	which	may	be	identified	in	the	audit.	
the Auditing Practices Board ethical standards 
recognise that fee arrangements (both their 
nature	and	size)	may	give	rise	to	a	self	interest	
threat	regarding	auditor	independence.	Where	
such circumstances arise there is a need to put 
in place appropriate safeguards. the auditors 
have	confirmed	to	the	Committee	that	they	
have complied with all relevant guidance and 
have implemented appropriate safeguards 
including:

•	 all	non-audit	related	services,	where	

necessary,	being	performed	by	personnel	
independent of the audit engagement team;

•	 no	work	being	undertaken	that	would	

require	the	auditors	to	act	in	a	capacity	as	
an advocate; and

•	 no	aspect	of	the	audit	engagement	partner’s	
performance being assessed on the level of 
non-audit	fees	charged	to	the	Company.

Taking	account	of	the	above	the	Committee	
acknowledges	that	on	occasion	it	is	necessary	
to appoint the auditors to perform non-audit 
work	in	view	of	their	specialist	knowledge	
of such matters as the financial modelling of 
Private	Finance	Initiative	(PFI)	projects.	There	
is a limited number of other professional 
services	firms	with	appropriate	PFI	project	
knowledge	and	they	are	often	engaged	by	
other	parties	to	the	projects.	They	would	
therefore	be	unable	to	act	for	the	Company	
due to conflicts of interest. this has been a 
particular issue for the committee and the 
Company	over	the	last	year	because	it	has	
been considered appropriate to engage the 
auditors	on	a	number	of	waste	PFIs	for	the	
reasons stated above. In addition as reported 
last	year,	the	auditors	provided	non-audit	
financial advice in connection with the Greater 
Manchester	waste	PFI	which	reached	financial	
close	in	April	2009.	The	fees	due	for	successful	
completion of circa £1.2 million are included in 
note 7 to the financial statements on page 74. 
the auditors are also being considered for 
other	non-audit	work	during	2010/11.	

P.50  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

 
 
 
 
	
 
	
 
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
 
 
	
 
serve to ensure that a culture of effective 
control	and	risk	management	is	embedded	
within the organisation and that the Group 
is	in	a	position	to	react	appropriately	to	new	
risks	as	they	arise.	Details	of	key	risks	affecting	
the Group are set out in the Business review.

internal Control frameWorK
As	well	as	the	risk	management	policy	
and procedures of the Group there is an 
established	internal	control	framework	which	
is operated and which applies in relation 
to the process for preparing the Group’s 
consolidated	accounts.	This	framework	
comprises:

(a)		a	clearly	defined	structure	which	delegates		

an	appropriate	level	of	authority,		
responsibility	and	accountability,	including		
responsibility	for	internal	financial	control,		
to management of operating units;

(b)  a comprehensive budgeting and reporting  
function with an annual budget approved  
by	the	Board	of	Directors,	which	also			
  monitors the financial reporting process,  
	 monthly	results	and	updated	forecasts	for		

the	year	against	budget;

(c)  documented financial control procedures.  
	 Managers	of	operating	units	are	required		

to	confirm	annually	that	they	have		
adequate	financial	controls	in	operation		
and to report all material areas of financial  
risk.	Compliance	with	procedures	is		
reviewed	and	tested	by	the	Company’s		
internal audit function; 

(d)  an investment appraisal process for  

evaluating proposals for all major capital  
expenditure	and	acquisitions,	with	defined		
levels	of	approval	and	a	system	for		
  monitoring the progress of capital  

projects; and

(e) a post-investment evaluation process for  
	 major	capital	expenditure	and	acquisitions		
to assess the success of the project and  
learn	any	lessons	to	be	applied	to	future		
projects.

remuneration Committee

the remuneration committee was chaired 
by	Martin	Angle	during	the	year	and	also	
comprised Gerard connell and dinah nichols. 
the committee met on seven occasions 
during	the	year.	All	members	were	present	at	
each meeting. the committee is responsible 
for determining the Group’s remuneration 
policy,	remuneration	and	terms	of	engagement	
of the chairman and the remuneration 
and	terms	of	employment	of	the	Executive	
directors and senior Management of the 
Group. Members of the remuneration 
committee do not participate in decisions 
concerning their own remuneration. the 
directors’ remuneration report, which also 
provides more information on the activities 
of the remuneration committee, appears on 
pages	41	to	48.

nomination Committee

The	Nomination	Committee	was	chaired	by	
Ken	Harvey	and	also	comprised	Martin	Angle,	
Gerard connell and dinah nichols. It meets as 
and	when	required	to	select	and	recommend	
to the Board suitable candidates for 
appointment	as	Executive	and	Non-executive	
directors, determine the nomination process 
and review succession plans. It is the practice 
of	the	Committee,	led	by	the	Chairman,	to	
appoint	an	external	search	consultancy	to	
assist	in	any	Board	appointments.		During	the	
year	it	met	on	three	occasions	to	consider	
the annual performance evaluation results for 
the committee, to review succession planning 
for	the	Group	and	to	consider	an	Executive	
Director’s	appointment	in	an	advisory	role	to	
an	external	body.	All	members	were	present	
at each meeting.

CorPorate resPonsiBility 
Committee

The	Corporate	Responsibility	Committee	
was	chaired	by	Dinah	Nichols	and	also	
comprised Martin Angle, Gerard connell and 
the	Chief	Executives	of	South	West	Water	
and	Viridor.	It	met	on	five	occasions	during	
the	year	at	which	all	members	were	present.	
The	Committee’s	duties,	in	the	context	of	the	
requirement	for	companies	to	conduct	their	
business in a responsible manner (including 
in relation to environmental, social and 
governance (esG) matters), are to review the 
strategies, policies, management, initiatives, 
targets and performance of the Pennon Group 
of companies in the areas of occupational 
health	and	safety	and	security;	environment;	
workplace	policies;	corporate	policies;	non-
financial	regulatory	compliance	and	the	role	of	
the	Group	in	society.

In	reporting	on	corporate	responsibility,	the	
Company	has	sought	to	comply	with	the	
Association of British Insurers’ Guidelines 
on responsible Investment disclosure. the 
Business review on pages 2 to 37 contains the 

Group’s	2010	Annual	Corporate	Responsibility	
report which includes esG matters. 

Committees’ terms of referenCe
the terms of reference of the Audit, 
remuneration, nomination and corporate 
Responsibility	Committees	are	available	
upon	request	to	the	Company	Secretary	and	
are	also	set	out	on	the	Company’s	website		
pennon-group.co.uk

  internal Control

WiDer asPeCts of internal 
Control

the Board is responsible for maintaining 
the	Group’s	system	of	internal	control	to	
safeguard shareholders’ investment and 
the Group’s assets and for reviewing its 
effectiveness.	The	system	is	designed	to	
manage	rather	than	eliminate	the	risk	of	failure	
to	achieve	business	objectives	and	can	only	
provide reasonable and not absolute assurance 
against material misstatement or loss. there is 
an	ongoing	process	for	identifying,	evaluating	
and	managing	the	significant	risks	faced	by	
the Group that has been in place throughout 
the	financial	year	2009/10	and	up	to	the	date	
of the approval of this Annual report and 
Accounts.

The	Board	confirms	that	it	continues	to	apply	
procedures in accordance with the combined 
Code	and	the	‘Guidance	on	Internal	Control’	
(the turnbull Guidance) which suggests 
means	of	applying	the	internal	control	part	
of the code. As part of these procedures 
the	Board	has	a	formalised	risk	management	
policy	which	provides	for	the	identification	of	
key	risks	in	relation	to	the	achievement	of	the	
business	objectives	of	the	Group.	This	policy	is	
applied	by	all	business	units	within	the	Group	
in accordance with an annual timetable.

risK iDentifiCation
A	full	risk	and	control	assessment	is	
undertaken	annually	by	the	management	of	
each	business	to	identify	financial	and	non-
financial	risks	and	is	continuously	updated.	
each business compiles (as part of its regular 
management reports) an enhanced and 
focussed	assessment	of	key	risks	against	
corporate objectives. the Board at each 
meeting	receives	from	the	Executive	Directors	
details	of	any	new	high-level	risks	identified	
and	how	they	are	to	be	managed,	together	
with	details	of	any	changes	to	existing	risks	
and	their	management.	The	subsidiary	Boards	
of	South	West	Water	and	Viridor	also	receive	
at each meeting similar reports in respect of 
their	own	areas	of	responsibility.	All	Executive	
Directors	and	senior	managers	are	required	
to	certify	on	an	annual	basis	that	they	have	
effective	controls	in	place	to	manage	risks	and	
to operate in compliance with legislation and 
Group procedures. All of these processes 

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.51

	
	
	
	
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
 
	
	
	
 
 
 
	
	
	
 
 
 
	
 
L
O
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n

I

D
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a
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C
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a
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R
E
V
O
G
E
T
a
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O
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O
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internal Control revieW

An evaluation of the effectiveness of overall 
internal	control	compliance	by	the	Group	
is	undertaken	in	respect	of	each	financial	
year	(and	subsequently	up	to	the	date	of	
this report) to assist the Audit committee 
in considering the Group internal audit plan 
for	the	forthcoming	financial	year	and	also	
the Business review for the Annual report. 
The	Group	General	Counsel	&	Company	
Secretary	initially	carries	out	the	evaluation	
with directors and senior Management for 
consideration	by	the	Audit	Committee	and	
subsequently	for	final	evaluation	by	the	Board.

In	addition	the	Audit	Committee	regularly	
reviews the operation and effectiveness of 
the	internal	control	framework	and	annually	
reviews	the	scope	of	work,	authority	and	
resources	of	the	Company’s	internal	audit	
function.	The	Committee	reports	and	makes	
recommendations to the Board on such 
reviews.		For	2009/10	and	up	to	the	date	
of the approval of the Annual report and 
Accounts, both the Audit committee and the 
Board were satisfied with the effectiveness of 
the	risk	management	policy	and	the	internal	
control	framework	and	their	operation	within	
the Group.

  GoinG ConCern

The	Directors	consider,	after	making	
appropriate	enquiries,	that	the	Company	
and	the	Group	have	adequate	resources	to	
continue	in	operational	existence	for	the	
foreseeable	future.	For	this	reason	they	
continue to adopt the going concern basis in 
preparing the financial statements.

DireCtors’ resPonsiBilities 

  statement

the directors are responsible for preparing 
the Annual report, the directors’ 
remuneration report and the financial 
statements in accordance with applicable law 
and regulations.

Company	law	requires	the	Directors	to	
prepare financial statements for each financial 
year.	Under	that	law	the	Directors	have	
prepared	the	Group	and	Company	financial	
statements in accordance with International 
Financial	Reporting	Standards	(IFRS)	as	
adopted	by	the	European	Union.	The	financial	
statements	are	required	by	law	to	give	a	true	
and fair view of the state of affairs of the 
Group	and	the	Company	and	of	their	profits	
and	cash	flows	for	the	year.

In preparing these financial statements the 
Directors	are	required	to:

•	 select	suitable	accounting	policies	and	then	

apply	them	consistently

•	 make	judgements	and	estimates	which	are	

reasonable and prudent

•	 state	that	the	financial	statements	comply	
with	IFRS	as	adopted	by	the	European	
union.

The	Directors	confirm	that	they	have	
complied	with	the	above	requirements	in	
preparing the financial statements.

statements and the directors’ remuneration 
Report	comply	with	the	Companies	Act	2006	
and, as regards the Group financial statements, 
article 4 of the International Accounting 
Standards	(IAS)	Regulation.	They	are	also	
responsible for safeguarding the assets of 
the	Group	and	the	Company	and	hence	for	
taking	reasonable	steps	for	the	prevention	and	
detection of fraud and other irregularities.

  relations WitH sHareHolDers

the Board encourages the participation of 
shareholders at the Annual General Meeting 
and complies with the provisions of the 
combined code in respect of relations with 
shareholders.

A	regular	dialogue	with	the	Company’s	
institutional shareholders is maintained 
through a comprehensive investor relations 
programme.	During	the	year	meetings	with	
institutional shareholders were held and 
attended	by	the	Group	Director	of	Finance	
and	the	Company’s	Investor	Relations	
Manager.  on certain occasions the chairman, 
the	Chief	Executive	of	South	West	Water	and	
the	Chief	Executive	of	Viridor	also	attended.		
The	Group	Director	of	Finance	reports	to	the	
Board	regularly	on	major	shareholders’	views	
about	the	Company.	

The	Directors	are	responsible	for	keeping	
proper accounting records which disclose with 
reasonable	accuracy	at	any	time	the	financial	
position	of	the	Group	and	the	Company	and	
to enable them to ensure that the financial 

By	Order	of	the	Board
KEN	WOODIER,	Group	General	Counsel	
&	Company	Secretary

24 June 2010

P.52  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

  
 
 
 
 
•	 certain	disclosures	of	Directors’	

remuneration	specified	by	law	are	not	
made; or 

•	 we	have	not	received	all	the	information	and	
explanations	we	require	for	our	audit;	or

•	 a	corporate	governance	statement	has	not	

been	prepared	by	the	Company.	

Under	the	Listing	Rules	we	are	required	to	
review: 

•	 the	Directors’	statement,	set	out	on	

page	29,	in	relation	to	going	concern;	and

•	 the	parts	of	the	Corporate	Governance	
Statement	relating	to	the	Company’s	
compliance with the nine provisions of the 
June	2008	Combined	Code	specified	for	
our review.

David	Charles	(Senior	Statutory	Auditor)
for and on behalf of 
Pricewaterhousecoopers llP
chartered Accountants and 
Statutory	Auditors
Bristol

24 June 2010

InDEpEnDEnT auDITORS’ REpORT

inDePenDent auDitors’ rePort 
to tHe memBers of Pennon 
GrouP PlC 

We	have	audited	the	financial	statements	
of	Pennon	Group	Plc	for	the	year	ended	31	
March 2010 which comprise the consolidated 
income	statement,	the	Group	and	Company	
statements of comprehensive income, the 
Group	and	Company	Balance	sheets,	the	
Group	and	Company	Statements	of	changes	
in	equity,	the	Group	and	Company	Cash	
flow statements and the related notes. the 
financial	reporting	framework	that	has	been	
applied in their preparation is applicable law 
and	International	Financial	Reporting	Standards	
(IFRSs)	as	adopted	by	the	European	Union	
and,	as	regards	the	parent	company	financial	
statements, as applied in accordance with the 
provisions of the companies Act 2006.

resPeCtive resPonsiBilities of 
DireCtors anD auDitors 

As	explained	more	fully	in	the	Directors’	
responsibilities statement set out on page 
52,	the	directors	are	responsible	for	the	
preparation of the financial statements and 
for	being	satisfied	that	they	give	a	true	and	fair	
view.	Our	responsibility	is	to	audit	the	financial	
statements in accordance with applicable law 
and International standards on Auditing (uK 
and	Ireland).	Those	standards	require	us	to	
comply	with	the	Auditing	Practices	Board’s	
ethical standards for Auditors. 

this report, including the opinions, has been 
prepared	for	and	only	for	the	Company’s	
members	as	a	body	in	accordance	with	
chapter 3 of Part 16 of the companies Act 
2006	and	for	no	other	purpose.		We	do	not,	
in giving these opinions, accept or assume 
responsibility	for	any	other	purpose	or	to	any	
other person to whom this report is shown 
or	into	whose	hands	it	may	come	save	where	
expressly	agreed	by	our	prior	consent	in	
writing.

sCoPe of tHe auDit of tHe 
finanCial statements 

An audit involves obtaining evidence about 
the amounts and disclosures in the financial 
statements sufficient to give reasonable 
assurance that the financial statements are 
free from material misstatement, whether 
caused	by	fraud	or	error.	This	includes	an	
assessment of: whether the accounting 
policies are appropriate to the Group’s and 
the	Company’s	circumstances	and	have	
been	consistently	applied	and	adequately	
disclosed; the reasonableness of significant 
accounting	estimates	made	by	the	Directors;	
and the overall presentation of the financial 
statements.

oPinion on finanCial 
statements 

In our opinion: 

•	 the	financial	statements	give	a	true	and	

fair view of the state of the Group’s and of 
the	Company’s	affairs	as	at	31	March	2010	
and of the Group’s profit and Group’s and 
Company’s	cash	flows	for	the	year	then	
ended;

•	 the	Group	financial	statements	have	been	

properly	prepared	in	accordance	with	IFRSs	
as	adopted	by	the	European	Union;	

•	 the	Company	financial	statements	have	been	
properly	prepared	in	accordance	with	IFRSs	
as	adopted	by	the	European	Union	and	as	
applied in accordance with the provisions of 
the companies Act 2006; and

•	 the	financial	statements	have	been	prepared	
in	accordance	with	the	requirements	of	the	
companies Act 2006 and, as regards the 
Group financial statements, Article 4 of the 
lAs regulation. 

oPinion on otHer matters 
PresCriBeD By tHe ComPanies 
aCt 2006 

In our opinion: 
•	 the	part	of	the	Directors’	Remuneration	
Report	to	be	audited	has	been	properly	
prepared in accordance with the companies 
Act 2006;

•	 the	information	given	in	the	Directors’	
Report	for	the	financial	year	for	which	
the financial statements are prepared is 
consistent with the financial statements; and

•	 the	information	given	in	the	Corporate	

Governance	Statement	set	out	on	pages	49	
to	52	with	respect	to	internal	control	and	
risk	management	systems	and	about	share	
capital structures is consistent with the 
financial statements.

matters on WHiCH We are 
requireD to rePort By 
exCePtion 

We	have	nothing	to	report	in	respect	of	the	
following: 

under the companies Act 2006 we are 
required	to	report	to	you	if,	in	our	opinion:	

•	 adequate	accounting	records	have	not	been	
kept	by	the	Company,	or	returns	adequate	
for our audit have not been received from 
branches	not	visited	by	us;	or	

•	 the	Company	financial	statements	and	the	

part of the directors’ remuneration report 
to be audited are not in agreement with the 
accounting records and returns; or 

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.53

COnSOLIDaTED InCOmE STaTEmEnT FOR THE YEaR EnDED 31 maRCH 2010

notes

2010

£m

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

revenue

operating costs

Manpower	costs	(excluding	restructuring	costs)

raw materials and consumables used

Other	operating	expenses

depreciation 

restructuring costs

Amortisation of intangibles

operating profit

Finance	income

Finance	costs

Share	of	post-tax	profit	from	joint	ventures

Profit before tax

Taxation

Profit for the year

Profit	attributable	to	equity	shareholders

6

7

6

8

8

6

9

earnings per share (pence per share) 

11

– Basic

– diluted

The	notes	on	pages	59	to	108	form	part	of	these	financial	statements.	

1,068.9

958.2

(132.3)

(76.3) 

(455.6)

(135.1)

(5.0)

(0.3)

264.3

34.4

(116.0)

1.1

183.8

(44.3)

139.5

139.5

39.9

39.7

(108.6)	

(59.1)	

(402.2) 

(131.3) 

(5.0)

(1.2) 

250.8	

45.8	

(138.0)	

0.8

159.4	

(69.6)

89.8

89.8

25.8

25.7

P.54  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

STaTEmEnTS OF COmpREHEnSIVE InCOmE FOR THE YEaR EnDED 31 maRCH 2010

2010

£m

Group

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

Company

2010

£m 

2009

£m

notes

Profit for the year

139.5

89.8

81.6

140.1

other comprehensive income

Actuarial losses on defined benefit pension schemes

29	

(44.4)

(66.8)	

(4.3)

(8.0)	

Cash flow hedges

net fair value (losses)/gains

share of other comprehensive loss from joint ventures

–

(3.2)

Tax	on	items	taken	directly	to	or	transferred	from	equity	

9,30	

17.4

(21.0)

1.1

(1.9)

–

18.7

–

0.9

–

2.2 

other comprehensive loss for the period net of tax

35	

(30.2)

(69.1)	

(2.3)

(7.7)

total comprehensive income for the year

Total	comprehensive	income	attributable	to	equity	shareholders	

109.3

109.3

20.7

20.7

79.3

132.4

79.3

132.4

The	notes	on	pages	59	to	108	form	part	of	these	financial	statements.	

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.55

 
BaLanCE SHEETS aT 31 maRCH 2010

assets
non-current assets
Goodwill
other intangible assets
Property,	plant	and	equipment
other non-current assets 
derivative financial instruments
Deferred	tax	assets
Investments	in	subsidiary	undertakings
Investments in joint ventures

Current assets
Inventories
trade and other receivables
derivative financial instruments
Current	tax	recoverable
cash and cash deposits

liabilities
Current liabilities
Borrowings
derivative financial instruments
Trade	and	other	payables
Current	tax	liabilities
Provisions

net current assets/(liabilities) 

non-current liabilities
Borrowings
other non-current liabilities
derivative financial instruments
retirement benefit obligations
Deferred	tax	liabilities
Provisions

net assets

shareholders’ equity
share capital
share premium account
capital redemption reserve
retained earnings and other reserves

total shareholders’ equity

2010

£m

Group
2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

2008
(Restated	note	5)
£m

Company

2010

£m 

2009

£m

notes

15
16
17
19
23
30
20
20

21
22
23
26
24

27
23
25
26
31

27
28
23
29
30
31

32
33
34
35

254.4
5.1
2,822.7
101.0
–
–
–
0.2

236.5	
5.4	
2,745.8	
46.2 
0.2 
– 
– 
2.2 

235.9	
6.6 
2,644.7 
38.4	
4.0 
– 
– 
1.4 

–
–
0.2
338.5
–
5.0
1,032.0

–

– 
– 
0.2 
271.3 
– 
2.6 
944.8	
– 

3,183.4

3,036.3 

2,931.0	

1,375.7

1,218.9	

6.4
194.9
3.4
–
493.9

698.6

(229.0)
(3.6)
(195.8)
(83.6)
(21.5)

5.8	
178.3	
– 
– 
353.3	

537.4	

(262.9)	
(3.6) 
(166.8)	
(44.8)	
(18.8)	

6.6 
164.7 
11.9	
– 
357.4	

–
84.5
3.4
1.3
174.6

– 
70.2 
– 
2.4 
168.7	

540.6	

263.8

241.3 

(57.7)	
(17.0) 
(204.0) 
(44.1) 
(18.1)	

(351.2)
–
(17.3)
–
–

(486.0)	
(1.4) 
 (7.6) 
– 
– 

(533.5)

(496.9)	

(340.9)	

(368.5)

(495.0)	

165.1

40.5

199.7

(104.7)

(253.7)

(2,160.2)
(16.0)
(14.1)
(107.9)
(311.2)
(78.2)

(1,982.4)	
(3.7) 
(16.5)	
(66.0) 
(328.4)
	(79.2)	

(2,062.8)	
(4.0) 
(0.5)	
(26.3) 
(307.4)
	(84.2)	

(462.8)
(8.7)
–
(11.7)
–
–

(189.5)	
	(8.7)	
– 
(7.3) 
– 
– 

(2,687.6)

(2,476.2)

(2,485.2)

(483.2)

(205.5)

660.9

600.6

645.5

787.8

759.7	

145.3
10.9
144.2
360.5

660.9

144.5	
11.7 
144.2 
300.2

600.6

144.5	
11.7 
144.2 
345.1

145.3
10.9
144.2
487.4

144.5	
11.7 
144.2 
459.3	

645.5

787.8

759.7

The	notes	on	pages	59	to	108	form	part	of	these	financial	statements.	
The	financial	statements	on	pages	54	to	108	were	approved	by	the	Board	of	Directors	and	authorised	for	issue	on	24	June	2010	and	
were	signed	on	its	behalf	by:

K G HARVEY  Chairman

Pennon Group Plc	Registered	Office:	Peninsula	House,	Rydon	Lane,	Exeter,	Devon,	England	EX2	7HR	Registered	in	England	No.	2366640

P.56  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

 
STaTEmEnTS OF CHanGES In EQuITY

share capital
£m

 share premium
account
£m

Capital 
redemption 
reserve
£m

retained earnings 
and other reserves 
(restated note 5)
£m

 total equitya 
(restated 
note 5)
£m

Group

At	1	April	2008

Profit	for	the	year
Other	comprehensive	loss	for	the	year

Total	comprehensive	income	for	the	year

Transactions	with	equity	shareholders
dividends paid or approved
Adjustment	in	respect	of	share-based	payments
Proceeds	from	treasury	shares	re-issued

Total	transactions	with	equity	shareholders

144.5

11.7

144.2

–
–

–

–
–
–

–

–
–

–

–
–
–

–

–
–

–

–
–
–

–

At	31	March	2009

144.5

11.7

144.2

Profit	for	the	year
Other	comprehensive	loss	for	the	year

Total	comprehensive	income	for	the	year

transactions with equity shareholders
dividends paid or approved
Adjustment for shares issued under the scrip 
  dividend alternative
Adjustment	in	respect	of	share-based	payments
Proceeds	from	treasury	shares	re-issued
Equity	component	of	convertible	bond	issued

Total	transactions	with	equity	shareholders

–
–

–

–

0.8
–
–
–

0.8

–
–

–

–

(0.8)
–
–
–

(0.8)

–
–

–

–

–
–
–
–

–

at 31 march 2010

145.3

10.9

144.2

Company

At	1	April	2008

Profit	for	the	year
Other	comprehensive	loss	for	the	year

Total	comprehensive	income	for	the	year

Transactions	with	equity	shareholders
dividends paid or approved
Adjustment	in	respect	of	share-based	payments
Proceeds	from	treasury	shares	re-issued

Total	transactions	with	equity	shareholders

144.5

11.7

144.2

–
–

–

–
–
–

–

–
–

–

–
–
–

–

–
–

–

–
–
–

–

At	31	March	2009

144.5

11.7

144.2

Profit	for	the	year
Other	comprehensive	loss	for	the	year

Total	comprehensive	income	for	the	year

transactions with equity shareholders
dividends paid or approved
Adjustment for shares issued under the scrip 
  dividend alternative
Adjustment	in	respect	of	share-based	payments
Proceeds	from	treasury	shares	re-issued
Equity	component	of	convertible	bond	issued

Total	transactions	with	equity	shareholders

–
–

–

–

0.8
–
–
–

0.8

–
–

–

–

(0.8)
–
–
–

(0.8)

–
–

–

–
–
–
–
–
–

–

at 31 march 2010

145.3

10.9

144.2

The	notes	on	pages	59	to	108	form	part	of	these	financial	statements.

345.1

89.8
(69.1)

20.7

(69.1)
1.9
1.6

(65.6)

300.2

139.5
(30.2)

109.3

645.5

89.8
(69.1)

20.7

(69.1)
1.9
1.6

(65.6)

600.6

139.5
(30.2)

109.3

(73.4)

(73.4)

9.6
2.9
1.9
10.0

(49.0)

360.5

9.6
2.9
1.9
10.0

(49.0)

660.9

394.0

140.1
(7.7)

132.4

(69.1)
0.4
1.6

(67.1)

459.3

81.6
(2.3)

79.3

694.4

140.1
(7.7)

132.4

(69.1)
0.4
1.6

(67.1)

759.7

81.6
(2.3)

79.3

(73.4)

(73.4)

9.6
0.7
1.9
10.0

(51.2)

487.4

9.6
0.7
1.9
10.0

(51.2)

787.8

share capital
£m

share premium
account
£m

Capital 
redemption
 reserve
£m

retained earnings 
and other reserves
£m

total equity
£m

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.57

 
 
 
CaSH FLOW STaTEmEnTS FOR THE YEaR EnDED 31 maRCH 2010 

Cash flows from operating activities

cash generated/(outflow) from operations 

Interest paid 

Tax	(paid)/repaid	

notes

36

Group

Company

2010

£m

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

2010

£m 

363.4

(84.2)

(3.8)

300.6 

(113.8)

(103.9)	

(19.4)

(30.8)	

(0.2)

2009

£m

(5.8)	

(48.4)	

6.0 

net cash generated/(outflow) from operating activities 

275.4

165.9	

(133.4)

(48.2)	

Cash flows from investing activities

Interest received 

dividends received 

Acquisition	of	subsidiary	undertakings	(net	of	cash	acquired)	

38

Investments	in	subsidiary	undertakings	

loans advanced to joint ventures 

Proceeds from investment disposal 

Purchase	of	property,	plant	and	equipment	

Proceeds	from	sale	of	property,	plant	and	equipment	

14.5

–

(9.3)

(0.1)

(30.7)

–

23.8	

– 

(3.4) 

– 

–

– 

20.7

80.6

–

(45.0)

–

–

(195.2)

(237.9)	

(0.1)

3.5

2.6 

–

22.6 

128.6	

– 

–

–

100.0 

– 

– 

net cash (used in)/from investing activities 

(217.3)

(214.9)

56.2

251.2

1.9

121.9

(73.3)

237.2

1.6

–

1.9

121.9

93.0	

(0.5)

100.0 

    238.9

1.6

–

(0.3)

304.9	

(234.9)

(14.9)	

(215.8)  

(321.4) 

38.9

(18.5)

(63.8)

9.4

67.5

322.0

389.5

12

24

24

–

–

–

– 

(63.8)

(69.1)	

49.8

(16.8)

(69.1)	

143.6

94.6

82.6

5.4

227.4 

167.8

322.0 

173.2

(84.3)

118.7

	49.1	

167.8	

Cash flows from financing activities

Proceeds	from	treasury	shares	re-issued	

convertible bond issued (net proceeds)

(deposit)/return of restricted funds (net) 

Proceeds from new borrowing 

Repayment	of	borrowings	

Finance	lease	sale	and	lease	back	

Finance	lease	principal	repayments

dividends paid 

net cash received/(outflow) from financing activities 

net increase in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash	and	cash	equivalents	at	beginning	of	the	year	

Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year 

The	notes	on	pages	59	to	108	form	part	of	these	financial	statements.	

P.58  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

 
 
 
 
 
nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

1. General information

Pennon	Group	Plc	is	a	company	incorporated	in	the	United	Kingdom	under	the	Companies	Act	2006.	The	address	of	the	registered	office	
is	given	on	page	40.	Pennon	Group’s	business	is	operated	through	two	main	subsidiaries.	South	West	Water	Limited	holds	the	water	and	
sewerage	services	appointments	for	Devon,	Cornwall	and	parts	of	Dorset	and	Somerset.	Viridor	Limited’s	business	is	waste	management,	
recycling	and	renewable	energy.

2. PrinCiPal aCCountinG PoliCies

the principal accounting policies adopted in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. these policies have been 
consistently	applied	to	all	the	years	presented.

(a) Basis of preparation

These	financial	statements	have	been	prepared	in	accordance	with	International	Financial	Reporting	Standards	(IFRS)	and	International	
Financial	Reporting	Interpretations	Committee	(IFRIC)	interpretations	as	adopted	by	the	European	Union,	with	those	parts	of	
the	Companies	Act	2006	applicable	to	companies	reporting	under	IFRS	and	the	requirements	of	the	Financial	Services	Authority.	
A	summary	of	the	principal	accounting	policies	is	set	out	below,	together	with	an	explanation	where	changes	have	been	made	to	
previous	policies	on	the	adoption	of	new	accounting	standards	and	interpretations	in	the	year.

The	following	revisions	and	amendments	to	existing	standards	together	with	new	standards	and	interpretations	have	been	adopted	as	
of	1	April	2009	and	are	relevant	to	the	Group:

IAs 1 “Presentation of financial statements” (revised)

The	revised	standard	requires	non-owner	changes	in	equity	to	be	presented	separately	from	owner	changes	in	equity.	The	Group	has	
elected to present two statements; an income statement and a statement of comprehensive income. 

IFRS	7	“Financial	Instruments:	Disclosures”	(amendment)

The	amended	standard	requires	the	classification	of	fair	value	measurements	using	a	fair	value	hierarchy	which	reflects	the	significance	
of	the	inputs	used	in	making	the	measurement.	Additional	disclosure	has	been	made	in	these	financial	statements.

IFRS	8	“Operating	segments”

The	adoption	of	this	standard	has	not	required	any	change	in	reported	segments.

IFRIC	14		“IAS	19	–	the	limit	on	a	defined	benefit	asset,	minimum	funding	requirements	and	their	interaction”

The	application	of	this	interpretation	restricts	the	circumstances	under	which	a	defined	benefit	scheme	asset	(surplus)	may	be	recognised.		
During	the	year	the	Group’s	acquisition	of	Greater	Manchester	Waste	Limited	involved	two	defined	benefit	pension	schemes	which	had	a	
combined	surplus	of	£6.9m	at	31	March	2010.	This	surplus	was	not	recognised	in	accordance	with	requirements	of	IFRIC	14.	

The	following	new	interpretation	is	mandatory	for	the	first	time	in	the	financial	year	beginning	1	April	2009	and	the	Group’s	
accounting	policies	have	been	amended	accordingly:

IFRIC	12	“Service	concession	arrangements”

The	application	of	this	interpretation	has	necessitated	a	restatement	of	amounts	for	prior	years.	Where	a	contract	for	the	provision	
of	public	services	meets	the	scope	of	IFRIC	12	the	service	concession	is	to	be	treated	as	a	contract	receivable,	split	between	the	
profit	on	the	construction	of	assets,	operation	of	the	service	and	provision	of	finance	through	interest	receivable.	The	Group’s	existing	
contract	with	West	Sussex	County	Council	for	the	provision	of	waste	collection	and	disposal	services	falls	within	the	scope	of	IFRIC	
12	and	accordingly	comparatives	have	been	restated.	The	effect	of	the	restatement	on	the	comparative	figures	is	set	out	in	note	5.	

The	following	revised	standards,	amended	standards	and	interpretations,	which	are	mandatory	for	the	first	time	in	the	financial	year	
beginning	1	April	2009,	are	relevant	to	the	Group	but	have	no	material	impact:

IAs 23 
IFRS	2	
IAS	32	

“Borrowing costs” (revised)
“Share-based	payment”	(amendment)
“Financial	instruments:	presentation”	(amendment)	and	consequential	amendments	to	IAS	1	
“Presentation of financial statements”

Improvements	to	IFRS	2008
IAS	39	
IAS	39	

“Financial	instruments:	recognition	and	measurement”	(amendment)
“Financial	instruments:	recognition	and	measurement”	(amendment)	and	consequential	amendments	to	IFRS	7	“Financial		
instruments: disclosures”

IFRIC	9		 “Embedded	derivates”	(amendments	to	IFRIC	9	and	IAS	39)
&	IAS	39

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.59

 
 
 
nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

2. PrinCiPal aCCountinG PoliCies continued

At the date of approval of these financial statements the following revised standards, amended standards and interpretations, which 
have	not	been	applied	in	these	financial	statements,	were	in	issue,	but	not	yet	effective:

“consolidated and separate financial statements” (revised)
“Business	combinations”	(revised)

“First-time	adoption	of	IFRS”	(revised)
“Share-based	payment”	(amendment)
“Financial	instruments:	presentation”	
“Financial	instruments”
“Related	party	disclosures”
“First-time	adoption	of	IFRS”	(amendment)

IAs 27 
IFRS	3	
Improvements	to	IFRS	2009
IFRS	1	
IFRS	2	
IAS	32	
IFRS	9	
IAS	24	
IFRS	1	
IFRIC	14	 “Prepayments	of	a	minimum	funding	requirement”	(amendment)
IFRIC	15	 “Agreements	for	the	construction	of	real	estate”
IFRIC	16	 “Hedges	of	a	net	investment	in	a	foreign	operation”
IFRIC	17	 “Distribution	of	non-cash	assets	to	owners”
IFRIC	18	 “Transfers	of	assets	from	customers”
IFRIC	19	 “Extinguishing	financial	liabilities	with	equity	instruments”

The	presentational	impact	of	these	standards	and	interpretations	is	being	assessed.	The	Directors	expect	that	the	adoption	of	these	
standards and interpretations will have no material impact on the financial statements of the Group.

The	preparation	of	financial	statements	in	conformity	with	generally	accepted	accounting	principles	requires	the	use	of	estimates	
and assumptions which affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported 
amounts	of	revenues	and	expenses	during	the	reporting	period.	Although	these	estimates	are	based	on	management’s	best	assessment	
of	the	amounts,	actual	events	or	actions	and	results	may	ultimately	differ	from	those	estimates.

(b) Basis of consolidation

The	Group	financial	statements	include	the	results	of	Pennon	Group	Plc	and	its	subsidiary	and	joint	venture	undertakings.

The	results	of	subsidiaries	and	joint	venture	undertakings	are	included	from	the	date	of	acquisition	or	incorporation,	and	excluded	from	
the	date	of	disposal.		The	results	of	subsidiaries	are	consolidated	where	the	Group	has	the	power	to	control	a	subsidiary.		The	results	of	
joint	venture	undertakings	are	accounted	for	on	an	equity	basis	where	the	Group	exercises	joint	control	under	a	contractual	arrangement.

Intra-group trading and loan balances and transactions are eliminated on consolidation.

On	acquisition	the	assets	and	liabilities	and	contingent	liabilities	of	a	subsidiary	or	joint	venture	acquired	are	measured	at	their	fair	
values	and	any	excess	of	the	cost	of	acquisition	over	the	fair	values	of	the	identifiable	net	assets	acquired	is	recognised	as	goodwill.	
Where	the	cost	of	acquisition	is	below	the	fair	values	of	the	identifiable	net	assets	acquired	a	credit	is	recognised	in	the	income	
statement	in	the	year	of	acquisition.

(c) revenue recognition

Revenue	represents	the	fair	value	of	consideration	receivable,	excluding	value	added	tax,	trade	discounts	and	inter	company	sales,	in	
the	ordinary	course	of	business	for	goods	and	services	provided.

revenue is recognised once the services or goods have been provided to the customer.

Income from main water and waste water charges includes billed amounts for estimated usage and also an estimation of the amount of 
unbilled	charges	at	the	period	end	based	upon	a	defined	methodology	reflecting	historical	consumption	and	current	tariffs.

Income	from	electricity	generated	from	waste	management	landfill	gas	production	includes	an	estimation	of	the	amount	to	be	received	
under renewables obligation certificates.

Accrued	income	from	waste	management	contracts	at	the	Balance	Sheet	date	is	recognised	using	management’s	expectation	of	
amounts	to	be	subsequently	billed	for	services	rendered	to	the	client	in	accordance	with	the	terms	of	the	contract.

Income	from	recycling	activities	within	waste	management	includes	amounts	based	upon	market	prices	for	recyclate	products	and	
industry	schemes	for	waste	electrical	and	electronic	equipment	(“WEEE”	notes)	and	packaging	volumes	(“PRNs”)	processed.

P.60  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

2. PrinCiPal aCCountinG PoliCies continued

(c) revenue recognition continued

Revenue	from	long-term	service	concession	arrangements	is	recognised	based	on	the	fair	value	of	work	performed.		Where	an	
arrangement includes more than one service, such as construction and operation of waste management facilities, revenue and profit are 
recognised in proportion to a fair value assessment of the total contract value split across the service provided.

Interest income is recognised on a time-apportioned basis using the effective interest method.

(d) landfill tax

Landfill	tax	is	included	within	both	revenue	and	operating	costs.	It	is	determined	by	the	Government	and	is	a	cost	to	the	Group	but	is	
chargeable to customers.

(e)  segmental reporting 

Each	of	the	Group’s	business	segments	provides	services	which	are	subject	to	risks	and	returns	which	are	different	from	those	of	the
other	business	segments.	The	Group’s	internal	organisation	and	management	structure	and	its	system	of	internal	financial	reporting	is
based	primarily	on	business	segments.	The	principal	business	segments	comprise	the	regulated	water	and	sewerage	services	
undertaken	by	South	West	Water	Limited	and	the	waste	management	business	of	Viridor	Limited.	Segmental	revenue	and	results	
include transactions between businesses. Inter-segmental transactions are eliminated on consolidation.

(f)  Goodwill

Goodwill	arising	on	consolidation	from	the	acquisition	of	subsidiary	and	joint	venture	undertakings	represents	the	excess	of	the	
purchase	consideration	over	the	fair	value	of	net	assets	acquired.

Goodwill	is	recognised	as	an	asset	and	reviewed	for	impairment	at	least	annually.	Any	impairment	is	recognised	immediately	in	the	
income	statement	and	is	not	subsequently	reversed.	Further	details	are	contained	in	accounting	policy	(j).

When	a	subsidiary	or	joint	venture	undertaking	is	sold,	the	profit	or	loss	on	disposal	is	determined	after	including	the	attributable	
amount of unamortised goodwill.

Goodwill	arising	on	acquisitions	before	1	April	2004	(the	Group’s	date	of	transition	to	IFRS)	has	been	retained	at	the	previous	UK	GAAP	
amounts,	subject	to	being	tested	for	impairment	at	that	date	and	annually	thereafter.	Goodwill	written-off	to	reserves	under	UK	GAAP	
prior	to	1998	was	not	reinstated	on	transition	to	IFRS	and	will	not	be	included	in	determining	any	subsequent	profit	or	loss	on	disposal.

(g) other intangible assets

Other	intangible	assets	acquired	in	a	business	combination	are	capitalised	at	fair	value	at	the	date	of	acquisition.	Following	initial	
recognition, finite life intangible assets are amortised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful economic lives, with the 
expense	taken	to	the	income	statement	through	operating	costs.

(h) Property, plant and equipment

i) 

Infrastructure assets (being water mains and sewers, impounding and pumped raw water storage reservoirs, dams, pipelines and sea outfalls)

Infrastructure	assets	were	included	at	fair	value	on	transition	to	IFRS	and	subsequent	additions	are	recorded	at	cost	less	accumulated	
depreciation.	Expenditure	to	increase	capacity	or	enhance	infrastructure	assets	is	capitalised	where	it	can	be	reliably	measured	and	
it	is	probable	that	incremental	future	economic	benefits	will	flow	to	the	entity.	The	cost	of	day-to-day	servicing	of	infrastructure	
components is recognised in the income statement as it arises.

Infrastructure	assets	are	depreciated	over	their	useful	economic	lives,	and	are	principally:	

Dams	and	impounding	reservoirs	
Water	mains	
Sewers	

200	years
40	–	100	years
40	–	100	years

Assets in the course of construction are not depreciated until commissioned.

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.61

nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

2. PrinCiPal aCCountinG PoliCies continued

(h) Property, plant and equipment continued

ii)  Landfill sites

Landfill	sites	are	included	within	land	and	buildings	at	cost	less	accumulated	depreciation.	Cost	includes	acquisition	and	development	
expenses.	The	cost	of	a	landfill	is	depreciated	to	its	residual	value	(which	is	linked	to	gas	production	at	the	site	post-closure)	over	its	
estimated	operational	life	taking	account	of	the	usage	of	void	space.

Where	the	obligation	to	restore	a	landfill	site	is	an	integral	part	of	its	future	economic	benefits,	a	non-current	asset	within	property,
plant	and	equipment	is	recognised.	The	asset	recognised	is	depreciated	based	on	the	usage	of	void	space.

iii)  Other assets (including properties, overground plant and equipment)

other assets are included at cost less accumulated depreciation.

Freehold	land	is	not	depreciated.	Other	assets	are	depreciated	evenly	to	their	residual	value	over	their	estimated	economic	lives,	and	
are	principally:

Freehold	buildings	
leasehold buildings 
Operational	structures	
Fixed	plant	
Vehicles,	mobile	plant	and	computers	

30	–	60	years
over their estimated economic lives or the finance lease period, whichever is the shorter
40	–	80	years
20	–	40	years
3	–	10	years

Assets in the course of construction are not depreciated until commissioned.

The	cost	of	assets	includes	directly	attributable	labour	and	overhead	costs	which	are	incremental	to	the	Group.	Borrowing	costs	
directly	attributable	to	the	construction	of	a	qualifying	asset	(an	asset	necessarily	taking	a	substantial	period	of	time	to	be	prepared	for	
its intended use) are capitalised as part of the asset.

Asset	lives	and	residual	values	are	reviewed	annually.

(i)   leased assets

Assets	held	under	finance	leases	are	included	as	property,	plant	and	equipment	at	the	lower	of	their	fair	value	at	commencement	or	
the	present	value	of	the	minimum	lease	payments	and	are	depreciated	over	their	estimated	economic	lives	or	the	finance	lease	period,	
whichever	is	the	shorter.	The	corresponding	liability	is	recorded	as	borrowings.	The	interest	element	of	the	rental	costs	is	charged	
against profits using the actuarial method over the period of the lease.

Rental	costs	arising	under	operating	leases	are	charged	against	profits	in	the	year	they	are	incurred.

(j)   impairment of non-financial assets

Assets	with	an	indefinite	useful	life	are	not	subject	to	amortisation	and	are	tested	annually	for	impairment,	or	whenever	events	or	
changes	in	circumstance	indicate	that	the	carrying	amount	may	not	be	recoverable.

Assets subject to amortisation or depreciation are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that 
the	carrying	amount	may	not	be	recoverable.

An	impairment	loss	is	recognised	for	the	amount	by	which	an	asset’s	carrying	amount	exceeds	its	recoverable	amount.	The	
recoverable	amount	is	the	higher	of	an	asset’s	fair	value,	less	costs	to	sell,	and	value	in	use.	For	the	purposes	of	assessing	impairment,	
assets	are	grouped	at	the	lowest	levels	for	which	there	are	separately	identifiable	cash	flows	(cash-generating	units).	Value	in	use	
represents	the	present	value	of	projected	future	cash	flows	expected	to	be	derived	from	a	cash-generating	unit,	discounted	using	a	
pre-tax	discount	rate	which	reflects	an	assessment	of	the	market	cost	of	capital	of	the	cash-generating	unit.

Impairments	are	charged	to	the	income	statement	in	the	year	in	which	they	arise.

(k)  investment in subsidiary undertakings

Investments	in	subsidiary	undertakings	are	initially	recorded	at	cost,	being	the	fair	value	of	the	consideration	paid,	including	associated	
acquisition	costs.	Subsequently,	investments	are	reviewed	for	impairment	on	an	individual	basis	annually	or	if	events	or	changes	in	
circumstances	indicate	that	the	carrying	value	may	not	be	fully	recoverable.

P.62  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

 
nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

2. PrinCiPal aCCountinG PoliCies continued

(l)   Joint ventures

Joint	ventures	are	entities	over	which	the	Group	exercises	joint	control.	Investments	in	joint	ventures	are	accounted	for	using	the	equity	
method	of	accounting.	Any	excess	of	the	cost	of	acquisition	over	the	Group’s	share	of	the	fair	values	of	the	identifiable	net	assets	of	the	joint	
venture	at	the	date	of	acquisition	is	recognised	as	goodwill	and	is	included	in	the	carrying	value	of	the	investment	in	the	joint	venture.

The	carrying	value	of	the	Group’s	investment	is	adjusted	for	the	Group’s	share	of	post-acquisition	profits	or	losses	recognised	in	
the	income	statement	and	statement	of	comprehensive	income.	Losses	of	a	joint	venture	in	excess	of	the	Group’s	interest	are	not	
recognised unless the Group has a legal or constructive obligation to fund those losses.

(m) Cash and cash deposits

Cash	and	cash	deposits	comprise	cash	in	hand	and	short-term	deposits	held	at	banks.	Bank	overdrafts	are	shown	within	current	borrowings.	

(n) Derivatives and other financial instruments

the Group classifies its financial instruments in the following categories:

i)  Loans and receivables

All	loans	and	borrowings	are	initially	recognised	at	fair	value,	net	of	transaction	costs	incurred.	Following	initial	recognition	interest-
bearing	loans	and	borrowings	are	subsequently	stated	at	amortised	cost	using	the	effective	interest	method.

Gains and losses are recognised in the income statement when the instruments are derecognised or impaired. Premia, discounts and 
other costs and fees are recognised in the income statement through the amortisation process.

Borrowings	are	classified	as	current	liabilities	unless	the	Group	has	an	unconditional	right	to	defer	settlement	of	the	liability	for	at	least
12 months after the balance sheet date.

The	fair	value	of	the	liability	component	of	a	convertible	bond	is	determined	using	the	market	interest	rate	for	an	equivalent	non-convertible	
bond.		This	amount	is	recorded	as	a	liability	on	an	amortised	cost	basis	using	the	effective	interest	method	until	extinguished	on	conversion	or	
maturity	of	the	bonds.		The	remainder	of	the	proceeds	are	allocated	to	the	conversion	option.		This	is	recognised	in	shareholders’	equity.

ii)  Derivative financial instruments and hedging activities

The	Group	uses	derivative	financial	instruments,	principally	interest	rate	swaps,	to	hedge	risks	associated	with	interest	rate	
fluctuations.	Derivative	instruments	are	initially	recognised	at	fair	value	on	the	date	the	derivative	contract	is	entered	into	and	
subsequently	remeasured	at	fair	value	for	the	reported	balance	sheet.

The	gain	or	loss	on	remeasurement	is	taken	to	the	income	statement	except	for	cash	flow	hedges	which	meet	the	conditions	for	
hedge accounting, when the portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument which is determined to be an effective hedge is 
recognised	directly	in	equity,	and	the	ineffective	portion	in	the	income	statement.	The	gains	or	losses	deferred	in	equity	in	this	way	are	
subsequently	recognised	in	the	income	statement	in	the	same	period	in	which	the	hedged	underlying	transaction	or	firm	commitment	
is recognised in the income statement.

In	order	to	qualify	for	hedge	accounting	the	Group	is	required	to	document	in	advance	the	relationship	between	the	item	being	
hedged	and	the	hedging	instrument.	The	Group	is	also	required	to	document	and	demonstrate	an	assessment	of	the	relationship	
between	the	hedged	item	and	the	hedging	instrument	which	shows	that	the	hedge	will	be	highly	effective	on	an	ongoing	basis.	This	
effectiveness	testing	is	reperformed	at	the	end	of	each	reporting	period	to	ensure	that	the	hedge	remains	highly	effective.

The	full	fair	value	of	a	hedging	derivative	is	classified	as	a	non-current	asset	or	liability	when	the	remaining	maturity	of	the	hedged	item	
is	more	than	one	year,	and	as	a	current	asset	or	liability	when	the	remaining	maturity	of	the	hedged	item	is	less	than	one	year.

Derivative	financial	instruments	which	do	not	qualify	for	hedge	accounting	are	classified	as	a	current	asset	or	liability	with	any	change	in	
fair	value	recognised	immediately	in	the	income	statement.

iii)  Trade receivables

Trade	receivables	do	not	carry	any	interest	and	are	recognised	initially	at	fair	value	and	subsequently	at	amortised	cost	using	the	
effective interest method, less provision for impairment. A provision for impairment of trade receivables is established when there is 
objective evidence that the Group will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivables.

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2. PrinCiPal aCCountinG PoliCies continued

(n) Derivatives and other financial instruments continued

iv)  Trade payables

Trade	payables	are	not	interest-bearing	and	are	recognised	initially	at	fair	value	and	subsequently	measured	at	amortised	cost	using	the	
effective interest method.

(o) taxation including deferred tax

The	tax	charge	for	the	year	is	calculated	on	the	basis	of	tax	laws	enacted	or	substantively	enacted	at	the	balance	sheet	date.	 
Deferred	tax	is	provided	in	full	using	the	liability	method	on	temporary	differences	between	the	tax	basis	of	assets	and	liabilities	and	
their	carrying	amounts	in	the	financial	statements.		A	deferred	tax	asset	is	only	recognised	to	the	extent	it	is	probable	that	sufficient	
taxable	profits	will	be	available	in	the	future	for	it	to	be	utilised.	

(p) Provisions

Provisions are made where there is a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event and it is probable that there 
will	be	an	outflow	of	economic	benefits	to	settle	this	obligation	and	a	reliable	estimate	of	this	amount	can	be	made.		Where	the	effect	
of	the	time	value	of	money	is	material	the	current	amount	of	a	provision	is	the	present	value	of	the	expenditures	expected	to	be	
required	to	settle	obligations.		The	unwinding	of	the	discount	to	present	value	is	included	as	a	financial	item	within	finance	costs.

the Group’s policies on provisions for specific areas are:

i)  Landfill restoration costs

Provisions	for	the	cost	of	restoring	landfill	sites	are	made	when	the	obligation	arises.	Where	the	obligation	recognised	as	a	provision	
gives	access	to	future	economic	benefits,	an	asset	in	property,	plant	and	equipment	is	recognised.	Provisions	are	otherwise	charged	
against profits.

ii)  Environmental control and aftercare costs

environmental control and aftercare costs are incurred during the operational life of each landfill site and for a considerable period 
thereafter. Provision for all such costs is made over the operational life of the site and charged to the income statement on the basis of 
the usage of void space at the site.

iii)  Restructuring costs

Provisions for restructuring costs are recognised when a detailed formal plan for the restructuring has been communicated to  
affected parties.

Where	the	effect	of	the	time	value	of	money	is	material	the	current	amount	of	a	provision	is	the	present	value	of	the	expenditures	
expected	to	be	required	to	settle	obligations.		The	unwinding	of	the	discount	to	present	value	is	included	as	a	financial	item	within	
finance costs.

(q) share capital and treasury shares

Ordinary	shares	are	classified	as	equity.

Where	the	Company	purchases	the	Company’s	equity	share	capital	(treasury	shares)	the	consideration	paid,	including	any	directly	
attributable	costs,	is	deducted	from	equity	until	the	shares	are	cancelled	or	reissued.	Where	such	shares	are	subsequently	re-issued	
any	consideration	received,	net	of	any	directly	attributable	transaction	costs,	is	included	in	equity.

The	Group	balance	sheet	includes	the	shares	held	by	the	Pennon	Employee	Share	Trust	and	which	have	not	vested	by	the	balance	
sheet	date.	These	are	shown	as	a	deduction	from	shareholders’	equity	until	such	time	as	they	vest.

(r) Dividend distributions 

Dividend	distributions	are	recognised	as	a	liability	in	the	financial	statements	in	the	period	in	which	the	dividends	are	approved	by	the	
Company’s	shareholders.	Interim	dividends	are	recognised	when	paid;	final	dividends	when	approved	by	shareholders	at	the	Annual	
General Meeting.

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2. PrinCiPal aCCountinG PoliCies continued

(s) employee benefits

i)  Retirement benefit obligations

the Group operates defined benefit and defined contribution pension schemes.

Defined benefit pension schemes
Defined	benefit	pension	scheme	assets	are	measured	using	bid	price.	Defined	benefit	pension	scheme	liabilities	are	measured	by	
independent	actuaries	who	advise	on	the	selection	of	Directors’	best	estimates.	The	projected	unit	credit	method	is	employed	and	
liabilities	discounted	at	the	current	rate	of	return	on	high	quality	corporate	bonds	of	equivalent	term	to	the	liabilities.	The	increase	
in	liabilities	of	the	Group’s	defined	benefit	pension	schemes	expected	to	arise	from	employee	service	in	the	period	is	charged	against	
operating profit.

The	expected	return	on	scheme	assets	and	the	increase	during	the	period	in	the	present	value	of	scheme	liabilities	are	included	in	other	
finance income or cost.

Past	service	costs	arising	from	changes	in	benefits	are	recognised	immediately	in	income.

Actuarial	gains	and	losses	arising	from	experience	items	and	changes	in	actuarial	assumptions	are	charged	or	credited	to	equity	through	
inclusion in the statement of comprehensive income.

Defined contribution scheme
Costs	of	the	defined	contribution	pension	scheme	are	charged	to	the	income	statement	in	the	period	in	which	they	arise.

ii)  Share-based payment

The	Group	operates	a	number	of	equity-settled	share-based	payment	plans	for	employees.	The	fair	value	of	the	employee	services	
required	in	exchange	for	the	grant	is	recognised	as	an	expense	over	the	vesting	period	of	the	grant.

Fair	values	are	calculated	using	an	appropriate	pricing	model.	Non	market-based	vesting	conditions	are	adjusted	for	in	assumptions	as	
to	the	number	of	shares	which	are	expected	to	vest.	

(t)  Pre-contract costs

Pre-contract	costs	are	expensed	as	incurred,	except	where	it	is	probable	that	the	contract	will	be	awarded,	in	which	case	they	are	
recognised as an asset which is amortised to the income statement over the life of the contract.

(u) fair values

The	fair	value	of	the	interest	rate	swaps	is	based	on	the	market	price	of	comparable	instruments	at	the	balance	sheet	date	if	they	are	
publicly	traded.

The	fair	values	of	short-term	deposits,	loans	and	overdrafts	with	a	maturity	of	less	than	one	year	are	assumed	to	approximate	to	
their	book	values.	In	the	case	of	non-current	bank	loans	and	other	loans	the	fair	value	of	financial	liabilities	for	disclosure	purposes	
is	estimated	by	discounting	the	future	contractual	cash	flows	at	the	current	market	interest	rate	available	to	the	Group	for	similar	
financial instruments.

(v) service concession arrangements

Where	the	provision	of	waste	management	services	is	performed	through	a	contract	with	a	public	sector	entity	who	controls	a	
significant residual interest in asset infrastructure at the end of the contract, then consideration is treated as contract receivables, split 
between profit on the construction of assets, operation of the service and provision of finance recognised as interest receivable.

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3. finanCial risK manaGement

(a) financial risk factors

The	Group’s	activities	expose	it	to	a	variety	of	financial	risks:	market	risk	(interest	rate	risk),	liquidity	risk	and	credit	risk.	The	Group’s	
treasury	function	seeks	to	ensure	that	sufficient	funding	is	available	to	meet	foreseeable	needs,	maintains	reasonable	headroom	for	
contingencies	and	manages	inflation	and	interest	rate	risk.

The	principal	financial	risks	faced	by	the	Group	relate	to	interest	rate	and	counterparty	credit	risk.

These	risks	and	treasury	operations	are	managed	by	the	Group	Director	of	Finance	in	accordance	with	policies	established	by	the	
Board.	Major	transactions	are	individually	approved	by	the	Board.	Treasury	activities	are	reported	to	the	Board	and	are	subject	to	
review	by	internal	audit.

Financial	instruments	are	used	to	raise	finance,	manage	risk	and	optimise	the	use	of	surplus	funds.	The	Group	does	not	engage	in	
speculative	activity.

i)  Market risk

The	Group	has	a	policy	of	maintaining	at	least	50%	of	interest	bearing	liabilities	at	fixed	rates.	The	Group	uses	a	combination	of	fixed	
rate	and	index-linked	borrowings	and	fixed	rate	interest	swaps	as	cash	flow	hedges	of	future	variable	interest	payments	to	achieve	
this	policy.	At	the	year	end	65%	of	net	borrowings	were	at	fixed	rates	(including	50%	of	South	West	Water’s	borrowings	fixed	for	the	
period	to	March	2015)	and	23%	index-linked	after	the	impact	of	financial	derivatives.	The	notional	principal	amounts	of	the	interest	rate	
swaps	are	used	to	determine	settlement	under	those	swaps	and	are	not	therefore	an	exposure	for	the	Group.	These	instruments	are	
analysed	in	note	27.

The	interest	rate	for	index-linked	debt	is	based	upon	an	RPI	measure	which	is	also	used	in	determining	the	amount	of	income	from	
customers	in	South	West	Water.

The	Group	has	no	significant	interest-bearing	assets	upon	which	the	net	return	fluctuates	from	market	risk.	Deposit	interest	receivable	
is	expected	to	fluctuate	in	line	with	interest	payable	on	floating	rate	borrowings.	Consequently	the	Group’s	income	and	operating	cash	
flows	are	substantially	independent	of	changes	in	market	interest	rates.

For	2010	if	interest	rates	on	net	borrowings	had	been	on	average	0.5%	higher/lower	with	all	other	variables	held	constant,	post-tax	
profit	for	the	year	would	have	decreased/increased	by	£2.3m	(2009	£2.0m).

ii)  Liquidity risk

The	Group	actively	maintains	a	mixture	of	long-term	and	short-term	committed	facilities	which	are	designed	to	ensure	the	Group	has	
significant	available	funds	for	operations	and	planned	expansions	equivalent	to	at	least	one	year’s	forecast	requirements	at	all	times.	
details of undrawn committed facilities and short-term uncommitted facilities are provided in note 27.

Refinancing	risk	is	managed	under	a	Group	policy	that	permits	no	more	than	20%	of	Group	net	borrowings	to	mature	in	any	
financial	year.

The	Group	and	South	West	Water	have	entered	into	covenants	with	lenders.		Whilst	terms	vary,	these	typically	provide	for	limits	on	
gearing	(primarily	based	on	South	West	Water	Limited’s	Regulatory	Capital	Value	and	Viridor	Limited’s	EBITDA)	and	interest	cover.	
More details are provided in the directors’ report on page 31.

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3. finanCial risK manaGement continued

(a) financial risk factors continued

ii)  Liquidity risk (continued)

contractual undiscounted cash flows were:

Group

31 March 2010

Non-derivative financial liabilities

Borrowings	excluding	finance	lease	liabilities	

Interest	payments	on	borrowings	

Finance	lease	liabilities	

Derivative financial liabilities

due within
1	year
£m

due between
1	and	2	years
£m

due between
2	and	5	years
£m

Over	5
years
£m

total

£m

197.3

27.1

46.9

31.7

22.9

47.0

425.2

43.0

193.7

949.6

348.2

1,603.8

441.2

2,322.9

2,610.5

Derivative	contracts	–	net	payments

14.3

8.3

12.9

–

35.5

31	March	2009

Non-derivative financial liabilities

Borrowings	excluding	finance	lease	liabilities	

232.8	

194.1	

Interest	payments	on	borrowings	

Finance	lease	liabilities	

Derivative financial liabilities

24.0 

62.3 

17.8	

62.2 

73.3 

32.5	

997.4	

367.4 

1,497.6

441.7

264.6 

1,951.1	

2,340.2

Derivative	contracts	–	net	payments

17.9	

4.4 

3.2 

0.3 

25.8

Company

31 March 2010

Non-derivative financial liabilities

Borrowings	excluding	finance	lease	liabilities	

Interest	payments	on	borrowings	

31	March	2009

Non-derivative financial liabilities

Borrowings	excluding	finance	lease	liabilities	

Interest	payments	on	borrowings	

Derivative financial liabilities

70.6

19.3

205.8	

11.3 

10.6

14.5

80.0	

7.2 

351.9

13.9

10.0 

0.1 

Derivative	contracts	–	net	payments

1.5

–

–

iii)  Credit risk

99.8

–

100.0 

– 

–

532.9

47.7

395.8

18.6

1.5

Credit	and	counterparty	risk	arises	from	cash	and	cash	deposits,	derivative	financial	instruments	and	deposits	with	bank	and	
financial	institutions,	as	well	as	exposure	to	customers,	including	outstanding	receivables.	Further	information	on	the	credit	risk	
relating to trade receivables is given in note 22.

Counterparty	risk	arises	from	the	investment	of	surplus	funds	and	from	the	use	of	derivative	financial	instruments.		The	Board	has	
agreed	a	policy	for	managing	such	risk	which	is	controlled	through	credit	limits,	counterparty	approvals,	and	rigorous	monitoring	
procedures.		The	Group	has	no	other	significant	concentration	of	credit	risk.		The	Group’s	surplus	funds	are	usually	placed	in	
short-term	fixed	interest	deposits	or	the	overnight	money	markets.	Deposit	counterparties	must	meet	a	credit	rating	threshold	
set	by	the	Board	of	Aa2	(Moody’s)	or	AA	(Standard	and	Poor’s).

iv)  Foreign currency risk
Foreign	currency	risk	occurs	at	transactional	and	translation	level	from	borrowings	in	foreign	currencies.		These	risks	are	managed	
through	cross-currency	interest	rate	swaps	which	provide	certainty	over	all	interest	and	principal	repayments.

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3. finanCial risK manaGement continued

(b) Capital risk management

The	Group’s	objectives	when	managing	capital	are	to	safeguard	the	Group’s	ability	to	continue	as	a	going	concern	in	order	to	provide	
returns	for	shareholders	and	benefits	for	other	stakeholders	and	to	maintain	an	optimal	capital	structure	to	minimise	the	cost	of	capital.

In	order	to	maintain	or	adjust	the	capital	structure	the	Group	seeks	to	maintain	a	balance	of	returns	to	shareholders	through	
dividends	and	an	appropriate	capital	structure	of	debt	and	equity	for	each	business	segment	and	the	Group.

The	Group	monitors	capital	on	the	basis	of	the	gearing	ratio.	This	ratio	is	calculated	as	net	borrowings	divided	by	total	capital.	Net	
borrowings	are	analysed	in	note	37	and	calculated	as	total	borrowings	less	cash	and	cash	deposits.	Total	capital	is	calculated	as	total	
shareholders’	equity	plus	net	borrowings.

the gearing ratios at the balance sheet date were: 

net borrowings (note 37)

Total	shareholders’	equity

total capital

Gearing ratio

2010

£m

1,895.3

660.9

2,556.2

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

1,892.0	

600.6

2,492.6

74.1%

75.9%	

South	West	Water	Limited	is	also	monitored	on	the	basis	of	the	ratio	of	its	net	borrowings	to	Regulatory	Capital	Value.	Ofwat’s	
optimum	range	for	gearing	is	55%	–	65%.

The	Group	has	entered	into	covenants	with	lenders,	whilst	terms	vary,	these	typically	provide	for	limits	on	gearing	and	interest	
cover.		The	Group	has	been	in	compliance	with	its	covenants	during	the	year.

Regulatory	Capital	Value	

net borrowings 

2010
£m

2,555.0

1,547.2

2009
£m

2,461.0 

1,571.1	

Net	borrowings/Regulatory	Capital	Value	

60.6%

63.8%	

(c)  Determination of fair values

Effective	1	April	2009.	The	Group	adopted	the	amendment	to	IFRS	7	for	financial	instruments	which	are	measured	in	the	balance	
sheet	at	fair	value.	This	requires	disclosure	of	fair	value	measurements	by	level	of	the	following	fair	value	measurement	hierarchy:

•	 Quoted	prices	(unadjusted)	in	active	markets	for	identical	assets	or	liabilities	(level	1).
•	

Inputs	other	than	quoted	prices	included	within	level	1	that	are	observable	for	the	asset	or	liability,	either	directly	(that	is,	 
as	prices)	or	indirectly	(that	is,	derived	from	prices)	(level	2).
Inputs	for	the	asset	or	liability	that	are	not	based	on	observable	market	data	(that	is,	unobservable	inputs)	(level	3).

•	

the disclosures are set out in note 23.

The	fair	value	of	financial	instruments	traded	in	active	markets	(such	as	trading	and	available-for-sale	securities)	is	based	on	quoted	
market	prices	at	the	balance	sheet	date.	The	quoted	market	price	used	for	financial	assets	held	by	the	Group	is	the	current	bid	price.

The	fair	value	of	financial	instruments	not	traded	in	an	active	market	(for	example	over-the-counter	derivatives)	is	determined	by	
using	valuation	techniques.	A	variety	of	methods	and	assumptions	are	used	based	on	market	conditions	existing	at	each	balance	
sheet	date.	Quoted	market	prices	or	dealer	quotes	for	similar	instruments	are	used	for	long-term	debt.	Other	techniques,	such	as	
estimated discounted cash flows, are used to determine fair value for the remaining financial instruments. the fair value of interest 
rate swaps is calculated as the present value of the estimated future cash flows.

The	carrying	values	less	impairment	provision	of	trade	receivables	and	payables	are	assumed	to	approximate	to	their	fair	values.	
The	fair	value	of	financial	liabilities	is	estimated	by	discounting	the	future	contractual	cash	flows	at	the	current	market	interest	rate	
available to the Group for similar financial instruments.

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

4. CritiCal aCCountinG JuDGements anD estimates

The	Group’s	principal	accounting	policies	are	set	out	in	note	2.	Management	is	required	to	exercise	significant	judgement	and	make	
use of estimates and assumptions in the application of these policies.

Areas	which	management	believes	require	the	most	critical	accounting	judgements	are:

underlying business performance
Underlying	business	performance	is	presented	to	provide	a	more	useful	comparison	of	business	trends	and	performance.	The	
term	underlying	is	not	a	defined	term	under	IFRS,	and	may	not	be	comparable	with	similarly-titled	profit	measurements	reported	
by	other	companies.	Reconciliations	between	underlying	and	reported	measures	are	included	in	the	Directors’	Report	on	page	5	
and in note 11 for earnings per share.

environmental and landfill restoration provisions
restoration and aftercare provisions are recognised in the financial statements at the net present value of the estimated future 
expenditure	required	to	settle	the	Group’s	restoration	and	aftercare	obligations.		A	discount	is	applied	to	recognise	the	time	value	of	
money	and	is	unwound	over	the	life	of	the	provision.		This	is	included	in	the	income	statement	as	a	financial	item	within	finance	costs.	
As	at	31	March	2010	the	Group’s	environmental	and	landfill	restoration	provisions	were	£96.4m.

Where	a	provision	gives	access	to	future	economic	benefits,	an	asset	is	recognised	and	depreciated	in	accordance	with	the	Group’s	
depreciation	policy.

Capitalisation of borrowing costs
The	Group	capitalises	material	borrowing	costs	directly	attributable	to	the	construction	of	qualifying	assets	(assets	necessarily	
taking	a	substantial	period	of	time	to	be	prepared	for	their	intended	use).	At	the	balance	sheet	date	only	the	assets	under	
construction	in	the	joint	ventures	for	the	construction	of	Energy	from	Waste	plants	meet	the	criteria	for	capitalisation	of	related	
borrowing costs.

retirement benefit obligations
The	Group	operates	defined	benefit	pension	schemes	for	which	actuarial	valuations	are	carried	out	as	determined	by	the	trustees	
at	intervals	of	not	more	than	three	years.

The	pension	cost	under	IAS	19	is	assessed	in	accordance	with	Directors’	best	estimates	using	the	advice	of	an	independent	
qualified	actuary	and	assumptions	in	the	latest	actuarial	valuation.		The	assumptions	are	based	on	information	supplied	to	the	
actuary,	supplemented	by	discussions	between	the	actuary	and	management.		The	principal	assumptions	used	to	measure	schemes’	
liabilities,	sensitivities	to	changes	in	assumptions	and	future	funding	obligations	are	set	out	in	note	29	of	the	financial	statements.

Cash-generating units
For	the	purposes	of	assessing	impairment,	assets	are	grouped	at	the	lowest	levels	for	which	there	are	separately	identifiable	
cash flows (cash-generating units). the waste management segment is considered to be a single cash-generating unit as it is an 
integrated business.

Areas	which	management	believes	require	the	most	critical	accounting	estimations	are:

service concession arrangements
consideration from public sector entities for the operation of waste management service concessions is treated as contract 
receivables, split between profit on the construction of assets, operation of the service and provision of finance recognised as 
interest	receivable.	Management’s	allocation	between	these	three	elements	is	assessed	according	to	prevailing	external	market	
conditions	according	to	the	type	of	service	provided.

site development costs
The	development	of	waste	management	sites	for	additional	landfill	capacity	and	new	projects	(such	as	Energy	from	Waste	plants)	
are	subject	to	obtaining	planning	permissions.	Development	costs	are	capitalised	using	management’s	assessment	of	the	likelihood	
of	a	successful	outcome	for	each	project.	To	the	extent	that	planning	permission	is	not	received	any	capitalised	development	costs	
would	be	expensed.		

landfill costs
the estimation of landfill reserves is of particular importance in assessing landfill costs, since the cost of a landfill site is 
depreciated	over	its	estimated	operational	life	taking	into	account	the	usage	of	void	space	and	gas	production	at	the	site	post	
closure.		The	estimates	of	landfill	reserves	are	regularly	reviewed	and	updated	during	the	financial	year	for	usage	and	other	events	
(for	example	site	extensions).	Estimates	are	also	subject	to	physical	review	by	external	advisors.	

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.69

 
  
 
nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

4. CritiCal aCCountinG JuDGements anD estimates continued

A	number	of	factors	impact	on	the	depreciation	of	landfill	reserves	including	the	available	landfill	space,	future	capital	expenditure	
and operating costs. the assumptions are revised as these factors change.

the estimate of gas production at landfill sites post-closure reduces the depreciation of landfill reserves.  An assessment is 
undertaken	for	individual	sites	of	the	historic	profile	of	gas	production	during	landfilling	activity	and	the	projected	generation	 
post-closure	according	to	the	type	of	waste	contained	in	the	landfill	and	expected	profile	of	gas	production	over	time.

Carrying value of property, plant and equipment
The	Group’s	accounting	policy	for	property,	plant	and	equipment	assets	is	set	out	in	note	2.		The	carrying	value	of	property,	
plant	and	equipment	as	at	31	March	2010	was	£2,822.7m.	In	the	year	ended	31	March	2010	additions	totalled	£190.2m	and	the	
depreciation	charge	was	£136.5m.	Estimated	useful	economic	lives	of	property,	plant	and	equipment	are	based	on	management’s	
judgement	and	experience.		When	management	identifies	that	actual	useful	lives	differ	materially	from	the	estimates	used	to	
calculate	depreciation,	that	charge	is	adjusted	prospectively.	Due	to	the	significance	of	capital	investment	to	the	Group,	variations	
between	actual	and	estimated	useful	lives	could	impact	operating	results	both	positively	and	negatively.		Asset	lives	and	residual	
values	are	reviewed	annually	and	historically	changes	to	remaining	estimates	of	useful	lives	have	not	been	material.

Defined benefit pension schemes
Directors’	best	estimates	are	based	upon	an	assessment,	with	advice	from	the	schemes’	actuaries,	of	key	financial	and	
demographic assumptions.

The	rate	used	to	discount	schemes’	liabilities	reflects	the	market	rate	for	long-term	corporate	bonds,	adjusted	for	the	projected	
duration	of	liabilities.	Inflation	is	based	upon	the	market	rate	observed	at	31	March	by	reference	to	long-term	index-linked	bonds.

Mortality	assumptions	are	set	upon	actuarial	advice	in	accordance	with	published	statistics	using	a	“medium	cohort”	basis	and	
scheme-specific	experience.

A	schedule	showing	the	impact	upon	the	schemes’	liabilities	of	any	change	in	the	assumption	made	is	included	in	note	29	to	these
financial statements.

revenue recognition
The	Group	recognises	revenue	at	the	time	of	delivery	of	services.	Payments	received	in	advance	of	services	delivered	are	recorded
as	a	liability.

South	West	Water	raises	bills	and	recognises	revenue	in	accordance	with	its	entitlement	to	receive	revenue	in	line	with	the	limits	
established	by	the	Periodic	Review	price-setting	process.	For	water	and	waste	water	customers	with	water	meters,	revenue	
recognised is dependent upon the volume supplied including an estimate of the sales value of units supplied between the date 
of	the	last	meter	reading	and	the	financial	year-end.	Estimated	usage	is	based	on	historic	data,	judgement	and	assumptions;	actual	
results could differ from these estimates which would result in operating revenue being adjusted in the period in which the 
revision of the estimates is determined.

Provision for doubtful debts
At	each	balance	sheet	date	each	subsidiary	evaluates	the	collectability	of	trade	receivables	and	records	provisions	for	doubtful	
debts	based	on	experience	including	comparisons	of	the	relative	age	of	accounts	and	consideration	of	actual	write-off	history.	 
The	actual	level	of	debt	collected	may	differ	from	the	estimated	levels	of	recovery	and	could	impact	future	operating	results	
positively	or	negatively.		As	at	31	March	2010	the	Group’s	current	trade	receivables	were	£174.5m,	against	which	£50.6m	was	
provided for impairment. 

impairment of intangible assets
The	Group	records	all	assets	and	liabilities	acquired	in	business	acquisitions,	including	goodwill,	at	fair	value.	Intangible	assets	
which	have	an	indefinite	useful	life,	principally	goodwill,	are	assessed	at	least	annually	for	impairment.

The	initial	goodwill	recorded	and	subsequent	impairment	analysis	require	management	to	make	estimations	of	future	cash	flows,	
terminal	values	and	an	assessment	of	the	long-term	pre-tax	discount	rate	to	be	applied	to	those	cash	flows	which	reflects	an	
assessment of the cost of capital of the cash-generating unit.

taxation
The	Group	corporation	tax	provision	of	£83.6m	reflects	management’s	estimation	of	the	amount	of	tax	payable	for	fiscal	years	
with	open	tax	computations	where	liabilities	remain	to	be	agreed	with	Her	Majesty’s	Revenue	and	Customs.

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

5. Prior year aDJustment

accounting policy for service concession arrangements
The	application	of	IFRIC	12	“Service	concession	arrangements”	has	required	a	restatement	of	amounts	for	prior	years.		Where	a	contract	for	
the	provision	of	public	services	meets	the	scope	of	IFRIC	12	the	service	concession	is	to	be	treated	as	a	contract	receivable,	split	between	
the	profit	on	the	construction	of	assets,	operation	of	the	service	and	provision	of	finance	through	interest	receivable.		The	Group’s	existing	
contract	with	West	Sussex	County	Council	for	the	provision	of	waste	collection	and	disposal	services	falls	within	the	scope	of	IFRIC	12.

As	a	result	of	the	above	change	in	accounting	policy	and	other	restatements	required,	comparative	figures	have	been	restated	:

year ended 31 march 2009

Application of 
IFRIC	12
£m

restated now 
reported
£m

5.3 

(8.0)

0.7 

2.3 

(0.6)

(1.4)

(1.7)

958.2	

(402.2)

(131.3)

45.8	

(31.3)

(38.3)

89.8	

Previously	
reported
£m

952.9	

(394.2)

(132.0)

43.5		

(30.7)

(36.9)

91.5	

Previously	reported
£m

Application of 
IFRIC	12
£m

31 march 2009 

restated now 
reported
£m

Previously	reported
£m

Application of 
IFRIC	12
£m

31 march 2008 

restated now 
reported
£m

inCome statement

revenue

Other	operating	expenses

depreciation

Finance	income

Taxation	–	current	tax

Taxation	–	deferred	tax

Profit	for	the	year

BalanCe sHeet

Non-current assets

Property,	plant	and	equipment

other non-current assets

2,774.2 

10.6 

(28.4)

35.6	

2,745.8		

46.2 

2,665.8	

10.4 

(21.1)

28.0	

2,644.7 

38.4	

Current liabilities

Current	tax

Non-current liabilities

Deferred	tax

shareholders’ equity

Retained earnings

Brought forward

Profit	for	the	year

carried forward

CasH floW statement 

Cash generated from operations

Profit	for	the	year

depreciation charge

Finance	income

Taxation

Increase in trade and other 
receivables

Purchase	of	property,	plant	and	
equipment		

(43.2)

(1.6)

(44.8)

(43.1)

(1.0)

(44.1)

(326.3)

(2.1)

(328.4)

(306.7)

(0.7)

(307.4)

341.3 

91.5	

317.6 

91.5		

132.0 

(43.5)

67.6 

(15.4)	

5.2	

(1.7)

3.5	

(1.7)

(0.7)

(2.3)

2.0 

(5.3)

346.5	

89.8	

321.1 

89.8	

131.3 

(45.8)

69.6	

318.2	

133.6 

341.3 

133.6 

127.9	

(42.0)

16.0 

2.9	

2.3 

5.2	

2.3  

(0.7)

(1.8)

0.4 

321.1 

135.9	

346.5	

135.9	

127.2 

(43.8)

16.4 

(20.7) 

(29.9)	

(4.4) 

(34.3) 

(245.9)	

8.0

(237.9)	

(219.2)	

4.2 

(215.0)	

During	the	year	the	Group’s	joint	venture	Viridor	Laing	(Greater	Manchester)	Limited	was	established;	its	operations	also	fall	within	the	
scope	of	IFRIC	12.

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

6. oPeratinG seGments

Operating	segments	are	reported	in	a	manner	consistent	with	internal	reporting	provided	to	the	Chief	Operating	Decision-Maker,	
which has been identified as the Pennon Group Plc Board. 

The	water	and	sewerage	business	comprises	the	regulated	water	and	sewerage	services	undertaken	by	South	West	Water	Limited.	
The	waste	management	business	is	the	waste	treatment,	recycling	and	renewable	energy	services	provided	by	Viridor	Limited.	
Other	includes	parent	company	financing	of	business	acquisitions	made	before	1999.	Segment	assets	include	goodwill	and	other	
intangible	assets,	property,	plant	and	equipment,	inventories,	trade	and	other	receivables	and	cash	and	cash	deposits.	Segment	
liabilities	comprise	operating	liabilities	and	exclude	taxation.		The	other	segment	liabilities	include	the	Company’s	financing	of	
business	acquisitions	and	Group	taxation	liabilities.	Capital	expenditure	comprises	additions	to	property,	plant	and	equipment,	
including	additions	resulting	from	acquisitions	through	business	combinations.

2010

£m

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

revenue 

Water	and	sewerage	

Waste	management	

other 

less intra-segment trading* 

segment result 

underlying operating profit before depreciation and amortisation (eBitDa) 
Water	and	sewerage	

Waste	management	

other 

underlying operating profit 
Water	and	sewerage	

Waste	management	

other 

operating profit 
Water	and	sewerage	

Waste	management	

other 

underlying profit before tax 
Water	and	sewerage	

Waste	management	

other 

Profit before tax 
Water	and	sewerage	

Waste	management	

other 

444.2

626.5

8.5

(10.3)

1,068.9

290.1

114.8

(0.2)

404.7

196.5

73.1

–

269.6

191.5

72.8

–

264.3

132.5

55.4

1.2

189.1

127.5

55.1

1.2

183.8

431.7 

528.0	

8.7	

(10.2) 

958.2	

281.4	

105.2	

1.7 

388.3	

191.6	

63.5	

1.9	

257.0	

186.6	

62.3 

1.9	

250.8	

121.9	

41.1 

2.6

165.6	

116.9	

39.9	

2.6

159.4	

*		Intra-segment	trading	between	and	to	other	segments	by	the	water	and	sewerage	and	waste	management	segments	is	under	normal	commercial	
terms and conditions that would also be available to unrelated third parties. Intra-segment revenue of the other segment is at cost.

Underlying	measures	exclude	restructuring	costs	in	South	West	Water	and	amortisation	of	intangibles	in	Viridor.		A	full	reconciliation	
between	underlying	and	reported	measures	is	included	in	the	Directors’	report	on	page	5	and	in	note	11	for	earnings	per	share.

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

6. oPeratinG seGments continued

Water	and	
sewerage 
£m

Waste	management	
(Restated	note	5)
£m 

other 
(Restated	note	5)
£m

eliminations
£m

Group
(Restated	note	5)
£m

Balance sheet

31 march 2010

Assets	(excluding	investments	in	joint	ventures)	

2,751.2

Investments in joint ventures 

total assets 

liabilities 

net assets/(liabilities) 

31 march 2009

–

2,751.2

(1,985.8)

765.4

Assets	(excluding	investments	in	joint	ventures)	

2,684.9	

Investments in joint ventures 

total assets 

liabilities 

net assets/(liabilities) 

– 

2,684.9	

(1,959.7)	

725.2 

1,018.8

0.2

1,019.0

(777.2)

241.8

848.2	

2.2

850.4

(710.2)

140.2

901.1

(789.3)

3,881.8

–

–

0.2

901.1

(789.3)

3,882.0

(1,247.4)

789.3

(3,221.1)

(346.3)

–

660.9

809.6

(771.2) 

3,571.5

– 

– 

2.2

809.6

(771.2) 

3,573.7

(1,074.4)

771.2 

(2,973.1)

(264.8)

– 

600.6

segment liabilities of the water and sewerage and waste management segments comprise operating liabilities.  the other segment 
liabilities	include	the	Company’s	financing	of	business	acquisitions	before	1999	and	Group	taxation	liabilities.

other information

31 march 2010

Amortisation of other intangible assets (note 16) 

Capital	expenditure	(including	acquisitions)	

depreciation 

Finance	income	(note	8)	

Finance	costs	(note	8)

31 march 2009

Amortisation of other intangible assets (note 16) 

Capital	expenditure	(including	acquisitions)	

depreciation 

Finance	income	(note	8)	

Finance	costs	(note	8)

Water	and	
sewerage 
£m

Waste	management	
(Restated	note	5)
£m 

other
£m

Group
(Restated	note	5)
£m

–

143.3

93.6

18.1

82.2

– 

147.8	

89.8	

29.8

99.5

0.3

55.9

41.7

12.2

31.0

1.2 

87.4

41.7 

7.2

30.4

–

0.3

(0.2)

4.1

2.8

– 

– 

(0.2)

8.8

8.1

0.3

199.5

135.1

34.4

116.0

1.2

235.2

131.3

45.8

138.0

Geographical segments
Separate	disclosure	by	geographical	segment	is	not	shown	since	the	operations	of	the	Group	are	substantially	located	in	the	
united Kingdom.

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.73

 
 
nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

7. oPeratinG Costs

Manpower costs (note 13) 

raw materials and consumables 

Other	operating	expenses	include:	

Profit	on	disposal	of	property,	plant	and	equipment

Operating	lease	rentals	payable:

–	Plant	and	machinery	

–	Property	

Research	and	development	expenditure	

trade receivables impairment 

Depreciation	of	property,	plant	and	equipment:

        – owned assets 

        – under finance leases 

Amortisation of other intangible assets (note 16) 

Fees	payable	to	the	Group’s	auditors	in	the	year	were:

Fees	payable	to	the	Company’s	auditors	for	the	audit	of	the	Company’s	accounts	

Fees	payable	to	the	Company’s	auditors	for	other	services	to	the	Group:

Audit	of	the	Company’s	subsidiaries	pursuant	to	legislation	

total audit fees

other services pursuant to legislation 

Tax	services	

services relating to corporate finance transactions 

All other services 

Fees	payable	to	the	Company’s	auditors	in	respect	of	Pennon	Group	pension	schemes:

Audit

2010

£m

132.3

76.3

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

108.6	

59.1	

(3.6)

(2.1) 

7.7

6.3

0.2

7.9

98.8

36.3

0.3

2010
£000

47

360

407

103

199

1,346

31

2,086

24

6.9	

5.2	

0.2 

6.7 

97.1	

34.2

1.2 

2009
£000

47 

316 

363 

130 

135	

570	

37

1,235	

24 

Expenses	reimbursed	to	the	auditors	in	relation	to	the	audit	of	the	Group	were	£38,000	(2009	£31,000).

Corporate	finance	services	in	2010	include	fees	of	circa	£1.2m	relating	to	the	conclusion	of	the	Financial	Close	of	the	Greater	
Manchester	PFI	contract.

A	description	of	the	work	of	the	Audit	Committee	is	set	out	in	its	report	on	page	50	which	includes	an	explanation	of	how	
auditor	objectivity	and	independence	are	safeguarded	when	non-audit	services	are	provided	by	the	auditors.

8. net finanCe Costs

finance income 

Interest receivable 

Interest receivable on shareholder loans to joint ventures

Interest receivable on service concession arrangements

Expected	return	on	defined	benefit	pension	schemes’	assets	(note	29)	

P.74  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

2010

£m

6.1

3.1

2.7

22.5

34.4

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

18.8

2.3

2.3

22.4 

45.8	

8. net finanCe Costs continued

finance costs 

Bank	borrowings	and	overdrafts	

Interest element of finance lease rentals

other finance costs 

Interest	cost	on	retirement	benefit	obligations	(note	29)	

unwinding of discounts in provisions (note 31) 

net gains/(losses) on derivative instruments:

Ineffectiveness on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges (note 23) 

on derivatives deemed held for trading (note 23) 

net finance costs 

9. taxation

analysis of charge in year 

UK	corporation	tax	

Deferred	tax	–	other	

Deferred	tax	arising	on	abolition	of	industrial	buildings	allowances	

Total	deferred	tax	(note	30)	

Tax	charge	for	year	

nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

2010

£m

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

(41.6)

(45.7)

(2.2)

(24.8)

(3.8)

(118.1)

–

2.1

(116.0)

(81.6)

2010

£m

43.0

1.3

–

1.3

44.3

(48.9)	

	(54.6)	

(1.5)	

(24.0) 

(4.5)	

(133.5)

0.4 

(4.9)	

(138.0)	

(92.2)	

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

31.3 

13.4 

24.9	

38.3	

69.6	

UK	corporation	tax	is	calculated	at	28%	(2009	28%)	of	the	estimated	assessable	profit	for	the	year.

The	deferred	tax	charge	for	the	year	ended	31	March	2009	was	increased	by	a	non-recurring	charge	of	£24.9m	arising	from	the	
phasing	out	of	industrial	buildings	allowances	over	the	three	years	commencing	1	April	2008	as	contained	in	the	2008	Finance	Act.

The	tax	for	the	year	differs	from	the	theoretical	amount	which	would	arise	using	the	standard	rate	of	corporation	tax	in	the	UK	(28%)	from:

Profit	before	tax	

Profit	before	tax	multiplied	by	the	standard	rate	of	UK	corporation	tax	of	28%	(2009	28%)	

effects of:

Expenses	not	deductible	for	tax	purposes	

other

Capital	gains	reduced	by	capital	losses

Tax	relief	no	longer	available	on	industrial	buildings	

Adjustments	to	tax	charge	in	respect	of	prior	years	

Tax	charge	for	year	

2010

£m

183.8

51.5

1.3

(3.5)

–

–

(5.0)

44.3

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

159.4	

44.6 

2.1 

 (1.0) 

 (0.7)

24.9	

(2.3)

69.6

The	average	applicable	tax	rate	for	the	year	was	24%	(2009	44%).

In	addition	to	the	amount	debited	to	the	income	statement,	a	deferred	tax	credit	relating	to	actuarial	losses	on	defined	benefit	
pension	schemes	of	£12.4m	(2009	credit	of	£18.7m	on	actuarial	losses)	and	a	deferred	tax	credit	relating	to	gains/losses	on	cash	
flow	hedges	of	£5.0m	(2009	nil),	has	been	credited	directly	to	equity.		A	deferred	tax	credit	relating	to	share-based	payments	of	
£0.2m	(2009	charge	£0.8m)	has	been	taken	directly	to	equity.

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

10. Profit of Parent ComPany

Profit	attributable	to	equity	shareholders	dealt	with	in	the	accounts	of	the	parent	company	

2010
£m

81.6

2009
£m

140.1 

As	permitted	by	Section	408	of	the	Companies	Act	2006	no	income	statement	is	presented	for	the	Company.

11. earninGs Per sHare

Basic	earnings	per	share	are	calculated	by	dividing	the	earnings	attributable	to	ordinary	shareholders	by	the	weighted	average	
number	of	ordinary	shares	outstanding	during	the	year,	excluding	those	held	in	the	employee	share	trust	(note	35),	which	are	
treated as cancelled.

For	diluted	earnings	per	share,	the	weighted	average	number	of	ordinary	shares	in	issue	is	adjusted	to	include	all	dilutive	potential	
ordinary	shares.		The	Group	has	two	types	of	dilutive	potential	ordinary	shares	–	those	share	options	granted	to	employees	where	
the	exercise	price	is	less	than	the	average	market	price	of	the	Company’s	ordinary	shares	during	the	year;	and	the	contingently	
issuable shares under the Group’s Performance and co-investment Plan and the deferred shares element of the Incentive Bonus 
Plan,	to	the	extent	that	the	performance	criteria	for	vesting	of	the	awards	are	expected	to	be	met.		The	convertible	bonds	issued	
in	August	2009	did	not	have	a	dilutive	effect	on	earnings	per	share	during	the	year.

the weighted average number of shares and earnings used in the calculations were:

number of shares (millions) 

for basic earnings per share 

Effect	of	dilutive	potential	ordinary	shares	from	share	options	

For	diluted	earnings	per	share	

underlying basic and diluted earnings per share 

2010

2009

350.0

1.5

351.5

348.1	

1.7 

349.8	

Underlying	earnings	per	share	are	presented	to	provide	a	more	useful	comparison	on	business	trends	and	performance.		The	term	
underlying	is	not	a	defined	term	under	IFRS	and	may	not	be	comparable	with	a	similarly	titled	profit	measure	reported	by	other	
companies.	Underlying	earnings	have	been	calculated:

Statutory	earnings	per	share	

Restructuring	costs	(net	of	tax)	

Amortisation of intangibles 

Deferred	tax	

Underlying	earnings	per	share	

2010

							2009	(Restated	note	5)

Profit                        earnings per share
after tax                    Basic                 Diluted
£m                          p                          p    

  Profit                           earnings per share
		after	tax																					Basic																	Diluted
  £m                          p                          p

139.5

4.4

0.3

1.3

145.5

39.9

1.2

0.1

0.4

41.6

39.7

1.2

0.1

0.4

41.4

89.8

3.3 

1.2 

38.3

132.6 

25.8

0.9	

0.3 

11.1

38.1

25.7

0.9	

0.3 

11.0

37.9

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

12. DiviDenDs

Amounts	recognised	as	distributions	to	equity	holders	in	the	year:

Interim	dividend	paid	for	the	year	ended	31	March	2009	:	6.75p	(2008	6.25p)	per	share	

Final	dividend	paid	for	the	year	ended	31	March	2009	:	14.25p	(2008	13.56p)	per	share	

Proposed dividends

Proposed	interim	dividend	for	the	year	ended	31	March	2010	:	6.95p	(2009	6.75p)	per	share	

Proposed	final	dividend	for	the	year	ended	31	March	2010	:	15.60p	(2009	14.25p)	per	share	

2010
£m

23.6

49.8

73.4

24.5

55.1

79.6

2009
£m

21.8	

47.3 

69.1	

23.6 

49.8	

73.4 

the proposed interim and final dividends have not been included as liabilities in these financial statements.

The	proposed	interim	dividend	for	2010	was	paid	on	1	April	2010	and	the	proposed	final	dividend	is	subject	to	approval	by	
shareholders at the Annual General Meeting.

13. emPloyment Costs

Wages	and	salaries	

Social	security	costs	

Pension costs 

Share-based	payments	

Total	employment	costs	

charged:

        Manpower costs 

        capital schemes

        restructuring costs 

Total	employment	costs	

2010
£m

117.4

10.7

15.9

2.7

146.7

132.3

10.0

4.4

146.7

2009
£m

95.9	

9.2	

13.2 

2.7

121.0 

108.6	

10.3

2.1 

121.0 

Details	of	Directors’	emoluments	are	set	out	in	note	14.		There	are	no	personnel,	other	than	Directors,	who	as	key	management	
exercise	authority	and	responsibility	for	planning,	directing	and	controlling	the	activities	of	the	Group.

employees (average number) 

The	average	monthly	number	of	employees	(including	Executive	Directors)	was:

Water	and	sewerage	

Waste	management	

other 

Group totals 

The	total	number	of	employees	at	31	March	2010	was	4,089	(2009	3,417).

2010

2009

1,191

2,853

43

4,087

1,227 

2,154	

41 

3,422 

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS 

14. DireCtors’ emoluments

Executive	Directors:

								Salary	

								Performance-related	cash	bonus	paid	or	payable	

								Share-based	payments	

        other emoluments 

								Payment	in	lieu	of	pension	provision	

Non-executive	Directors	

2010
£000

975	

458	

847	

65	

95	

399	

2009
£000

975	

257	

689	

67 

95	

376 

2,839	

2,459	

The	cost	of	share-based	payment	represents	the	amount	charged	to	the	income	statement,	as	described	in	note	32.

The	aggregate	gains	on	vesting	of	Directors’	share-based	awards	amounted	to	a	total	of	£378,000	(2009	£569,000).

Total	gains	made	by	Directors	on	the	exercise	of	share	options	were	£3,000	(2009	nil).

Total	emoluments	include	£1,301,000	(2009	£995,000)	payable	to	Directors	for	services	as	directors	of	subsidiary	undertakings.

At	31	March	2010	retirement	benefits	were	accruing	to	two	Directors	under	defined	benefit	pension	schemes	(2009	two).		The	accrued	
pension	entitlement	at	31	March	2010	under	defined	benefit	schemes	of	the	highest	paid	Director	was	£146,000	(2009	£122,000).
No	pension	contributions	were	payable	to	defined	contribution	schemes	but	one	Director	received	payments	in	lieu	of	pension	provision.

More detailed information concerning directors’ emoluments (including pensions and the highest paid director) and share 
interests is shown in the directors’ remuneration report.

15. GooDWill

cost:

At	1	April	2008	

Recognised	on	acquisition	of	subsidiaries	

At	31	March	2009	

disposals 

Recognised	on	acquisition	of	subsidiaries	(note	38)	

At 31 March 2010 

Carrying	amount:

At	31	March	2009	

at 31 march 2010 

£m

235.9

0.6

236.5

(0.6)

18.5

254.4

236.5

254.4

Goodwill	acquired	in	a	business	combination	is	allocated	at	acquisition	to	the	cash-generating	unit	(CGU)	expected	to	benefit	
from	that	business	combination.		All	of	the	carrying	amount	of	goodwill	is	allocated	to	the	waste	management	segment	which	is	
considered to be a single cGu, as it is an integrated business.

Goodwill	is	reviewed	annually	or	when	other	events	or	changes	in	circumstance	indicate	that	the	carrying	amount	may	not	be	fully	
recoverable.

The	recoverable	amount	of	the	waste	management	segment	is	determined	from	value	in	use	calculations.		The	key	assumptions	in	
those calculations relate to discount rates, cash flows, price increases and for landfill, the compaction rate. cash flow projections 
are	based	on	approved	budgets	and	plans	for	the	next	five	years	based	on	growth	rates	and	margins	achieved	historically	and	
expectations	for	market	development.	Beyond	this	period	long-term	growth	rates	for	the	waste	sector	are	based	on	UK	Gross	
Domestic	Product.		The	cash	flows	have	been	discounted	using	a	pre-tax	discount	rate	of	12.5%	(2009	12.5%)	which	reflects	the	
overall	business	risks	associated	with	the	waste	management	segment	activities.

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

16. otHer intanGiBle assets

Customer contracts 
£m

Patents
£m

Acquired intangible assets

cost:

At	1	April	2008	

At	31	March	2009	

At 31 March 2010 

Amortisation:  

At	1	April	2008	

Charge	for	year	

At	31	March	2009	

Charge	for	year	

At 31 March 2010 

Carrying	amount:

At	31	March	2009

at 31 march 2010 

12.5	

12.5	

12.5	

6.1 

1.2

7.3 

0.3   

7.6 

	5.2	

4.9 

0.2 

0.2 

0.2 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

0.2 

0.2 

total
£m

12.7

12.7

12.7

6.1

1.2

7.3

0.3

7.6

5.4

5.1

Customer	contracts	are	amortised	over	the	useful	economic	life	of	each	contract	which	at	acquisition	ranged	between	two	 
and	15	years.		The	average	remaining	life	is	three	years.

Patents	are	amortised	over	their	estimated	useful	economic	lives	which	at	acquisition	was	13	years.		The	average	remaining	life	is	
seven	years.

The	carrying	values	of	other	intangible	assets	are	reviewed	annually	or	when	events	or	changes	in	circumstance	indicate	that	the	
carrying	amounts	may	not	be	fully	recoverable.

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS 

17. ProPerty, Plant anD equiPment

land and 
buildings 
£m 

Infrastructure 
assets 
£m 

operational 
properties 
£m 

Fixed	and	mobile	
plant, vehicles and 
computers 
(Restated	note	5)
£m 

landfill 
restoration 
£m  

construction 
in progress 
£m 

total 
(Restated	note	5)
£m

331.8

2.4

40.3

–

–

(0.3)

11.9

386.1

8.7

20.7

–

–

–

1.9

1,260.8

585.5

1,136.8

44.7

134.7

–

53.7

–

(1.9)

(0.7)

34.0

–

1.7

–

–

–

10.5

0.7

27.9

–

–

(6.6)

38.9

–

–

1.4

–

–

–

–

108.2

–

–

–

(95.3)

3,494.3

3.1

231.8

1.4

(1.9)

(7.6)

–

1,345.9

597.7

1,197.7

46.1

147.6

3,721.1

–

36.0

–

(0.4)

(0.7)

36.3

–

0.8

–

–

(0.2)

8.1

13.5

33.3

–

–

(19.8)

97.5

–

–

2.6

–

–

–

–

99.4

–

–

–

(143.8)

22.2

190.2

2.6

(0.4)

(20.7)

–

Group 

cost:

At	1	April	2008	

Arising	on	acquisitions	

Additions

other 

Grants and contributions 

disposals 

transfers/reclassifications 

At	31	March	2009

Arising	on	acquisitions	

Additions 

other (note 31) 

Grants and contributions 

disposals

transfers/reclassifications 

At 31 March 2010 

417.4

1,417.1

606.4

1,322.2

48.7

103.2

3,915.0

depreciation:

At	1	April	2008	

Charge	for	year	

disposals 

At	31	March	2009	

Charge	for	year	

disposals 

At 31 March 2010 

Net	book	value:

At	31	March	2009		

137.3

19.5

(0.1)

156.7

15.8

–

172.5

55.4

18.7

(0.7)

73.4

20.5

(0.7)

93.2

142.3

10.8

–

153.1

10.9

(0.2)

163.8

505.0

80.8

(6.3)

579.5

86.9

(18.6)

647.8

9.6

3.0

–

12.6

2.4

–

15.0

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

849.6

132.8

(7.1)

975.3

136.5

(19.5)

1,092.3

229.4

1,272.5

444.6

618.2

33.5

147.6

2,745.8

at 31 march 2010 

244.9

1,323.9

442.6

674.4

33.7

103.2

2,822.7

Of	the	total	depreciation	charge	of	£136.5m	(2009	£132.8m),	£1.4m	(2009	£1.5m)	has	been	charged	to	capital	projects	and	
£135.1m	(2009	£131.3m)	against	profits.

Asset	lives	and	residual	values	are	reviewed	annually.

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

17. ProPerty, Plant anD equiPment continued

Assets held under finance leases included above were:

land and 
buildings 
£m 

Infrastructure 
assets 
£m 

operational 
properties 
£m 

Fixed	and	mobile	
plant, vehicles and 
computers 
£m 

landfill 
restoration 
£m  

construction 
in progress 
£m 

total 
£m

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

350.1

444.9

355.0

459.9

335.3

322.8

15.4

73.8

172.0

20.6

81.4

165.3

334.7

371.1

163.3

334.4

378.5

157.5

– 

–

–

– 

– 

– 

14.8

1,145.1

8.1

1,145.8

–

– 

261.2

267.3

14.8

883.9

8.1

878.5

Fixed	and	mobile	plant,	vehicles	and	computers	
£m

cost:

At	31	March	2009	

At 31 March 2010 

depreciation:

At	31	March	2009

At 31 March 2010 

Net	book	amount:

At	31	March	2009

at 31 march 2010 

Company

cost 

At	1	April	2008	

At	31	March	2009	

Additions 

At 31 March 2010 

depreciation:

At	1	April	2008	

At	31	March	2009	

Charge	for	year

At 31 March 2010

Net	book	value:

At	31	March	2009	

at 31 march 2010 

Asset	lives	and	residual	values	are	reviewed	annually.

0.3

0.3

0.1

0.4

0.1

0.1

0.1

 0.2

0.2

0.2

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS 

18. finanCial instruments By CateGory

the accounting policies for financial instruments have been applied to the line items:

  fair value

  amortised cost

derivatives
used for 
hedging
£m  

note

derivatives deemed
held for trading 
£m 

loans and 
receivables
£m 

trade receivables
and	trade	payables	
£m 

total 
£m

Group 

31 march 2010

financial assets

trade and other receivables 

derivative financial instruments 

cash and cash deposits 

total 

financial liabilities

Borrowings 

derivative financial instruments 

Trade	and	other	payables	

total 

31 march 2009

financial assets

Financial	assets

trade and other receivables 

derivative financial instruments 

cash and cash deposits 

total 

financial liabilities

Borrowings 

derivative financial instruments 

Trade	and	other	payables	

total

Company

31 march 2010

financial assets

derivative financial instruments

cash and cash deposits 

total

financial liabilities

Borrowings 

Trade	and	other	payables	

total 

31 march 2009

financial assets

cash and cash deposits 

total 

financial liabilities

Borrowings 

derivative financial instruments 

Trade	and	other	payables	

total 

22

23

24

27

23

25

22

23

24

27

23

25

23

24

27

25

24

27

23

25

–

3.4

–

3.4

–

(17.6)

–

(17.6)

– 

0.2 

–  

0.2 

–  

(17.9)	

–  

(17.9)

3.4

–  

3.4

–  

–  

–  

–  

–  

–  

 (1.4) 

–  

 (1.4)

–

–

–

–

–

(0.1)

–

(0.1)

– 

– 

– 

– 

–

(2.2) 

 – 

–

–

493.9

493.9

(2,389.2)

–

–

(2,389.2)

–

–

353.3	

353.3	

(2,245.3)		

–

–

123.9

 – 

 – 

123.9

 – 

 – 

(82.1)

(82.1)

111.8	

 – 

 – 

111.8	

 – 

 – 

(77.2) 

123.9

3.4

493.9

621.2

(2,389.2)

(17.7)

(82.1)

(2,489.0)

111.8

0.2

353.3

465.3

(2,245.3)

(20.1)

(77.2)

(2.2)

(2,245.3)

(77.2)

(2,342.6)

–

–

–

–

–

–

– 

–

– 

– 

– 

–

–

174.6

174.6

(814.0)

–

(814.0)

168.7	

168.7

(675.5)	

–

–

(675.5)

 – 

 – 

 – 

 – 

(0.2)

(0.2)

 – 

–

 – 

 – 

(0.1) 

(0.1)

3.4

174.6

178.0

(814.0)

(0.2)

(814.2)

168.7

168.7

(675.5)

(1.4)

(0.1)

(677.0)

P.82  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

19. otHer non-Current assets

Amounts	owed	by	subsidiary	undertakings	

Amounts	owed	by	related	parties	(note	43)	

other receivables 

nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

                      Group

                Company

2010

£m

–

45.9

55.1

101.0

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

2010

£m 

2009

£m

– 

10.6

35.6	

46.2

337.5

271.3 

–

1.0

 – 

 – 

338.5

271.3 

Other	receivables	include	site	development	and	pre-contract	costs	of	£15.6m	(2009	nil).

non-current assets were due: 

Between	1	and	2	years	

Between	2	and	5	years	

Over	5	years	

the fair values of other non-current assets were:

Amounts	owed	by	subsidiary	undertakings	

Amounts	owed	by	related	parties	

other receivables

                      Group

                Company

2010

£m

16.6

6.2

78.2

101.0

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

0.6 

2.1 

43.5

46.2 

2010

£m 

83.8

254.7

–

338.5

2009

£m

67.8	

203.5	

– 

 271.3 

                      Group

                Company

2010

£m

–

90.9

55.1

146.0

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

2010

£m 

2009

£m

– 

17.3 

35.6	

52.9	

336.9

271.3 

–

1.0

–

 – 

337.9

271.3 

The	fair	value	of	amounts	owed	by	related	parties	is	based	on	cash	flows	using	a	rate	based	on	the	borrowings	rate	of	2.5%	(2009	5.7%).	
The	discount	rate	is	equal	to	London	Interbank	Offered	Rate	plus	an	allowance	to	reflect	an	appropriate	credit	margin.

The	effective	interest	rate	on	amounts	owed	by	related	parties	was	11.3%	(2009	15.0%).

20. investments

subsidiary undertakings 

Company

At	1	April	2008	

disposals

At	31	March	2009	

Additions

at 31 march 2010 

£m

1,044.8

(100.0)

944.8

87.2

1,032.0

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.83

 
nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS 

20. investments continued

Joint ventures 

Group

At	1	April	2008	

share of profit 

At	31	March	2009	

Additions

share of profit

share of other comprehensive loss

at 31 march 2010

shares
£m

1.4

0.8

2.2

0.1

1.1

(3.2)

0.2

Details	of	the	Group’s	principal	subsidiary	and	joint	venture	undertakings	are	set	out	in	note	39.

The	Group’s	share	of	the	results,	assets	and	liabilities	in	its	joint	ventures,	which	are	equity	accounted	in	these	financial	statements,	are:

2010

Lakeside	Energy	from	Waste	

     Holdings limited  

Viridor	Laing	

     (Greater Manchester) limited 

2009

Lakeside	Energy	from	Waste	

     Holdings limited 

21. inventories

raw materials and consumables 

Finished	goods	and	goods	for	resale	

Assets

liabilities

Income

non-current
£m

current
£m

non-current
£m

current
£m 

revenues
£m

Profit
£m

other 
comprehensive 
income
£m

84.2

16.0

2.6

(0.3)

(86.3)

81.0

(7.0)

(90.0)

14.4

44.0

1.0

0.1

(3.1)

(0.1)

76.4 

8.4

(5.8)	

(75.2)	

3.9	

0.8

–

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

6.4

–

6.4

2009
£m

5.4	

0.4 

5.8	

2010
£m 

–

–

–

2009
£m

– 

– 

 – 

P.84  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

 
nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

22. traDe anD otHer reCeivaBles – Current

trade receivables 

less: provision for impairment of receivables

trade receivables 

Amounts	owed	by	subsidiary	undertakings

other receivables 

Other	prepayments	and	accrued	income	

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

174.5

(50.6)

123.9

–

8.1

62.9

194.9

2009
£m

154.9	

 (43.1) 

111.8	

– 

23.3 

43.2 

178.3	

2010
£m 

–

–

–

84.2

0.3

–

84.5

2009
£m

– 

– 

– 

68.9	

1.3 

– 

70.2 

The	Directors	consider	that	the	carrying	amount	of	trade	and	other	receivables	approximates	to	their	fair	value.

There	is	no	concentration	of	credit	risk	in	trade	receivables.		The	Group	has	a	large	number	of	customers	who	are	dispersed	and	there	
is	no	significant	loss	on	trade	receivables	expected	that	has	not	been	provided	for.		The	Group	has	created	IAS	39	portfolio	provisions,	
but	cannot	practicably	identify	which	receivables	specifically	are	the	ones	impaired.		It	is	Group	policy	to	consider	a	receivable	in	a	
portfolio	to	which	an	impairment	has	been	allocated	on	a	collective	basis	as	not	being	impaired	for	the	purposes	of	IFRS	7	disclosures	
until	the	loss	can	be	specifically	identified	with	the	receivable.

The	ageing	of	trade	receivables	which	are	past	due	but	not	specifically	impaired	was:

Group 

Past	due	1	–	30	days	

Past	due	31	–	120	days	

More	than	120	days	

2010
£m 

27.4

10.3

71.7

2009
£m

25.2	

10.2 

61.7 

The	Group’s	two	principal	operating	businesses	specifically	review	separate	categories	of	debt	to	identify	an	appropriate	provision	for	
impairment.	South	West	Water	Limited	has	a	duty	under	legislation	to	continue	to	provide	domestic	customers	with	services	regardless	
of	payment.

the movement in the allowance for impairment in respect of trade receivables was:

At 1 April 

Provision for receivables impairment 

Receivables	written-off	during	the	year	as	uncollectible	

Cumulative	amounts	previously	excluded	from	debt	

Arising	on	acquisitions	

At 31 March 

2010
£m 

43.1

7.9

(6.9)

6.5

–

50.6

2009
£m

36.2 

6.7 

(5.1)	

4.9	

0.4 

43.1 

Other	receivables	and	prepayments	include	site	development	and	pre-contract	costs	of	£4.0m	(2009	£18.0m).

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.85

nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

23. Derivative finanCial instruments

Derivatives used for hedging

non-current assets 

current assets

current liabilities

non-current liabilities 

Derivatives deemed held for trading

current liabilities

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

–

3.4

(3.5)

(14.1)

2009
£m

0.2 

–

 (1.4) 

(16.5)	

(0.1)

 (2.2) 

2010
£m 

–

3.4

–

–

–

2009
£m

– 

–

 (1.4) 

– 

 – 

The	fair	value	of	hedging	derivatives	is	split	between	current	and	non-current	assets	or	liabilities	based	on	the	maturity	of	the	cash	flows.

The	ineffective	portion	recognised	in	the	income	statement	arising	from	cash	flow	hedges	amounts	to	a	gain	of	nil	(2009	£0.4m).

Interest	rate	swaps	and	fixed	rate	borrowings	are	used	to	manage	the	mix	of	fixed	and	floating	rates	to	ensure	at	least	50%	of	Group	
net	borrowings	are	at	fixed	rate.		At	31	March	2010	65%	of	Group	net	borrowings	were	at	fixed	rate	(2009	57%).

At	31	March	2010	the	Group	had	interest	rate	swaps	to	swap	from	floating	to	fixed	rate	and	hedge	financial	liabilities	with	a	notional	
value	of	£775.0m	and	a	weighted	average	maturity	of	4.4	years	(2009	£760.0m,	with	2.4	years).		The	weighted	average	interest	rate	of	
the	swaps	for	their	nominal	amount	was	4.0%	(2009	4.5%).

At	31	March	2010	the	Company	had	cross-currency	interest	rate	swaps	to	swap	from	floating	to	fixed	rate	and	hedge	financial	liabilities,	
relating	to	a	borrowing	in	the	year	of	70m	Australian	Dollars,	with	a	weighted	average	maturity	of	3.0	years.		The	weighted	average	
interest	rate	of	the	swaps	was	3.7%.

Derivatives	held	for	trading	relate	to	interest	rate	swaps	which	no	longer	qualify	for	hedge	accounting.	

The	amounts	above	are	the	fair	value	of	swaps	based	on	the	market	value	of	equivalent	instruments	at	the	balance	sheet	date.	

Valuation hierarchy
The	amounts	of	financial	instruments	carried	at	fair	value	by	valuation	method	were:		

Assets

derivatives used for hedging 

total assets

Liabilities

derivatives used for hedging

derivatives deemed held for trading

total liabilities

               31 march 2010

																								31	March	2009				

level 1
£m

level 2
£m

level 3
£m

total
£m

level 1
£m

level 2
£m 

level 3
£m

total
£m

–

–

–

–

–

3.4

3.4

17.6

0.1

17.7

– 

– 

– 

– 

–

3.4 

3.4 

17.6 

0.1 

17.7

– 

– 

– 

– 

–

0.2

0.2

17.9

2.2

  20.1

– 

– 

– 

– 

–

0.2 

0.2 

17.9	

2.2 

20.1

Level	1	 -	 Quoted	prices	(unadjusted)	in	active	markets	for	identical	assets	or	liabilities.
Level	2			-			Inputs	(other	than	quoted	prices	included	within	level	1)	that	are	observable	for	the	asset	or	liability,	either	directly	(that	is,		

Level	3	 -	

as	prices)	or	indirectly	(that	is,	derived	from	prices).	
Inputs	for	the	asset	or	liability	that	are	not	based	on	observable	market	data	(that	is,	unobservable	inputs).

P.86  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

	
	
24. CasH anD CasH DePosits

Cash	at	bank	and	in	hand	

Short-term	bank	deposits	

other deposits 

nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

9.2

232.8

251.9

493.9

2009
£m

10.2 

144.6 

198.5	

353.3	

2010
£m 

11.8

151.4

11.4

174.6

2009
£m

77.0 

80.8	

10.9	

168.7	

The	effective	interest	rate	on	Group	short-term	deposits	was	0.7%	(2009	1.4%)	and	these	deposits	have	an	average	maturity	of	one	day.

The	effective	interest	rate	on	Group	other	deposits	was	0.9%	(2009	2.3%)	and	these	deposits	have	an	average	maturity	of	39	days.

Group	other	deposits	include	restricted	funds	of	£33.5m	(2009	£16.7m)	to	settle	long-term	lease	liabilities	(note	27)	and	£56.3m	 
(2009	nil)	relating	to	letters	of	credit.

For	the	purposes	of	the	cash	flow	statement	cash	and	cash	equivalents	comprise:

cash and cash deposits as above 

Bank	overdrafts	(note	27)	

Less:	deposits	with	a	maturity	of	three	months	or	more	(restricted	funds)	

25. traDe anD otHer PayaBles – Current

Trade	payables	

Amounts	owed	to	subsidiary	undertakings	

Amounts owed to joint venture (note 43) 

Other	tax	and	social	security	

other creditors 

Accruals 

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

493.9

(12.7)

481.2

(91.7)

2009
£m

353.3	

(12.9)	

340.4 

	(18.4)	

2010
£m 

174.6

–

174.6

(1.4)

2009
£m

168.7	

– 

168.7	

(0.9)	

389.5

322.0 

173.2

167.8	

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

82.1

–

5.0

49.3

17.2

42.2

2009
£m

77.2 

– 

– 

39.4	

7.7 

42.5	

2010
£m 

0.2

7.6

5.0

0.2

3.9

0.4

195.8

166.8	

17.3

2009
£m

0.1 

2.4 

– 

0.3 

4.4 

0.4 

7.6 

The	Directors	consider	that	the	carrying	amount	of	trade	and	other	payables	approximates	to	their	fair	value.

26. Current tax liaBilities/(reCoveraBle)

UK	corporation	tax	

83.6

44.8	

(1.3)

(2.4)

                      Group

                Company

2010

£m

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

2010

£m 

2009

£m

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

27. BorroWinGs

Current

Bank	overdrafts	

short-term loans 

European	Investment	Bank	

Unsecured	loan	stock	notes	

Amounts	owed	to	subsidiary	undertakings	

obligations under finance leases 

total current borrowings 

non-current

Bank	and	other	loans

convertible bond

European	Investment	Bank	

obligations under finance leases 

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

2009
£m

2010
£m 

2009
£m

12.7

170.0

14.1

–

–

196.8

32.2

229.0

568.9

112.6

273.6

955.1
1,205.1

12.9	

205.0	

14.1 

0.8	

– 

232.8	

30.1 

262.9	

	507.5	

–

287.7	

795.2	
1,187.2	

–

70.0

–

–

281.2

351.2

–

351.2

350.2

112.6

–

462.8
–

– 

205.0	

– 

0.8	

280.2	

486.0	

–

486.0	

189.5	

–

– 

189.5	
– 

189.5	

675.5	

total non-current borrowings (note 37) 

2,160.2

1,982.4	

462.8

total borrowings 

2,389.2

2,245.3	

814.0

The	Company	issued	£125m	4.625%	convertible	bonds	on	20	August	2009.		The	bonds	mature	five	years	from	the	issue	date	at	their	
nominal	value	of	£125m	or	can	be	converted	into	shares	at	the	holders	option	at	the	maturity	date	on	the	conversion	price	of	597.81	
pence	per	ordinary	share.

The	values	of	the	liability	component	and	the	equity	conversion	component	were	determined	at	issuance	of	the	bond.		The	value	of	
the	equity	conversion	component	was	determined	to	be	£10m,	using	the	Black-Scholes	valuation	model	and	has	been	recognised	in	
shareholders’	equity	in	retained	earnings	(note	35).

the fair values of non-current borrowings were:

Group 

Bank	and	other	loans	

convertible bond

European	Investment	Bank	

obligations under finance leases 

Company 

Bank	and	other	loans	

                      2010

                2009

Book value
£m

fair value
£m

Book	value
£m 

Fair	value
£m

568.9

112.6

273.6

955.1

1,205.1

533.3

127.6

235.5

896.4

967.7

507.5	

445.0	

–

–

287.7	

245.6	

795.2	

1,187.2	

690.6	

1,070.2 

2,160.2

1,864.1

1,982.4	

1,760.8	

462.8

471.1

189.5	

194.7	

Where	market	values	are	not	available,	fair	values	of	borrowings	have	been	calculated	by	discounting	expected	future	cash	flows	at	
prevailing interest rates.

P.88  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

 
nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

27. BorroWinGs continued

The	maturity	of	non-current	borrowings	was:

Between	1	and	2	years	

Between	2	and	5	years	

Over	5	years	

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

55.0

516.2

2009
£m

233.5	

206.4 

1,589.0

1,542.5	

2,160.2

1,982.4	

2010
£m 

10.0

352.9

99.9

462.8

The	weighted	average	maturity	of	non-current	borrowings	was	22	years	(2009	23	years).

Finance	lease	liabilities	–	minimum	lease	payments:

Within	one	year	

In	the	second	to	fifth	years	inclusive	

After	five	years	

less: future finance charges 

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

47.9

242.6

2009
£m

62.0 

319.7	

2,323.2

1,970.2	

2,613.7

2,351.9	

(1,376.4)

(1,134.6) 

1,237.3

1,217.3 

2010
£m 

–

–

–

–

–

–

2009
£m

80.0	

10.0 

99.5	

189.5	

2009
£m

– 

– 

–

– 

–

 –

Included	above	are	accrued	finance	charges	arising	on	obligations	under	finance	leases	totalling	£135.3m	(2009	£135.9m),	of	which	
£11.9m	(2009	£13.8m)	is	repayable	within	one	year.

Within	obligations	under	finance	leases,	South	West	Water	Limited	has	utilised	finance	lease	facilities	of	£180.0m	for	certain	water	
and	sewerage	business	property,	plant	and	equipment	which	are	secured	by	bank	letters	of	credit	issued	by	United	Kingdom	financial	
institutions.  these letters of credit, covering the full period of the finance leases, are renewable between the financial institutions and 
South	West	Water	Limited	at	five-yearly	intervals,	the	next	being	March	2011.

During	2007	the	period	for	repayment	of	these	leases	was	extended	with	an	agreement	to	deposit	with	the	lessor	group	amounts	
equal	to	the	difference	between	the	original	and	revised	payments	due.		The	accumulated	deposits,	£24.1m	at	31	March	2010	(2009	
£16.7m),	are	being	held	to	settle	the	lease	liability	over	the	period	from	the	end	of	the	original	lease	term.		The	deposits	are	subject	to	
a	registered	charge	given	as	security	to	the	lessor	for	the	balance	outstanding.

During	2010	the	period	for	repayment	of	certain	existing	leases	was	extended	with	an	agreement	to	deposit	with	the	lessor	group	
amounts	equal	to	the	difference	between	the	original	and	revised	payments	due.		The	deposit	at	31	March	2010	of	£9.4m	(2009	nil)	is	
being	held	to	settle	the	lease	liability	at	the	end	of	the	lease	term,	subject	to	rights	to	release	by	negotiation	with	the	lessor.

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.89

nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

27. BorroWinGs continued

The	effective	interest	rates	at	the	balance	sheet	date	and	the	exposure	to	interest	rate	changes	and	the	repricing	dates	were:

effective rate 
%	

6 months 
or less 
£m   

6–12 months 

1–5	years	

Over	5	years	

£m

£m 

£m

Group

31 march 2010

Bank	overdrafts	

European	Investment	Bank	

Bank	and	other	loans	

Finance	leases	

effect of swaps

31 march 2009

Bank	overdrafts	

European	Investment	Bank	

Unsecured	loan	stock	notes	

Bank	and	other	loans	

Finance	leases	

effect of swaps

Company

31 march 2010

Bank	and	other	loans	

effect of swaps 

31 march 2009

Unsecured	loan	stock	notes	

Bank	and	other	loans	

effect of swaps 

1.5	

1.0

3.9

2.9

4.0

1.5	

2.1 

1.4 

3.8	

4.6 

4.5

2.3

3.7

1.4 

3.4 

4.5

12.6

287.7

381.7

246.4

928.4

(813.8)

114.6

12.9	

301.8	

0.8

295.0	

461.5	

1,072.0 

(590.0)

482.0	

281.7

(38.8)

242.9

0.8	

295.0	

295.8

(50.0)

245.8	

–

–

218.7

700.9

919.6

255.0

1,174.6

– 

– 

– 

218.0	

540.2	

758.2	

90.0

848.2 

–

–

–

– 

– 

– 

50.0

50.0	

–

–

251.0

198.9

449.9

508.8

958.7

– 

– 

– 

199.5	

124.4 

323.9	

325.0

648.9	

251.0

38.8

289.9

– 

99.5	

99.5

– 

99.5	

total 

£m  

12.6

287.7

851.4

1,237.4

2,389.1

–

–

–

–

91.2

91.2

50.0

141.2

2,389.1

– 

– 

– 

– 

12.9

301.8

0.8

712.5

91.2	

1,217.3

91.2	

175.0

2,245.3

–

266.2 

2,245.3	

–

–

–

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

532.7

–

532.7

0.8

394.5

395.3

– 

395.3

undrawn committed borrowing facilities:

Floating	rate:

Expiring	within	one	year	

Expiring	after	one	year	

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

2009
£m

25.0

175.0

200.0

94.0	

110.0 

204.0 

2010
£m 

25.0

65.0

90.0

2009
£m

80.0	

– 

80.0	

In	addition	the	Group	has	short-term	uncommitted	bank	facilities	of	£60.0m	available	to	the	Company	or	South	West	Water	Limited.

P.90  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

28. otHer non-Current liaBilities

Amounts	owed	to	subsidiary	undertakings	

other creditors 

29. retirement Benefit oBliGations

nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

–

16.0

16.0

2009
£m

– 

3.7

3.7 

2010
£m 

8.7

–

8.7

2009
£m

8.7	

– 

8.7	

the Group operates a number of defined benefit pension schemes including a defined contribution section within the main scheme.

During	the	year	the	acquisition	of	Greater	Manchester	Waste	Limited	resulted	in	the	Group	participating	in	two	further	defined	benefit	
pension	schemes.		The	amounts	acquired	are	shown	in	the	analysis	of	the	fair	value	of	the	schemes’	assets	and	the	present	value	of	the	
schemes’ defined benefit obligations below.

The	assets	of	the	Group’s	pension	schemes	are	held	in	separate	trustee	administered	funds.		The	trustees	of	the	funds	are	required	
to	act	in	the	best	interest	of	the	funds’	beneficiaries.		The	appointment	of	schemes’	trustees	is	determined	by	the	schemes’	trust	
documentation.		The	Group	has	a	policy	for	the	main	fund	that	one-half	of	all	trustees,	other	than	the	Chairman,	are	nominated	by	
members of the schemes, including pensioners.

Defined contribution schemes
Pension	costs	for	defined	contribution	schemes	were	£2.4m	(2009	£1.9m).

Defined benefit schemes

assumptions
the principal actuarial assumptions at 31 March were:

Expected	return	on	scheme	assets	

Rate	of	increase	in	pensionable	pay	

rate of increase for current and future pensions 

rate used to discount schemes’ liabilities 

Inflation 

2010
% 

7.3

4.1

3.6

5.5

3.6

2009
%

7.0 

3.75	

2.75	

6.5	

2.75	

Mortality
Assumptions	regarding	future	mortality	experience	are	set	based	on	actuarial	advice	in	accordance	with	published	statistics	and	
experience.		The	mortality	assumption	uses	a	scheme-specific	‘medium	cohort’	basis.

The	average	life	expectancy	in	years	of	a	member	having	retired	at	age	62	on	the	balance	sheet	date	is	projected	at:

Male 

Female	

2010

2009

22.0

25.4

21.9	

25.4	

The	average	life	expectancy	in	years	of	a	future	pensioner	retiring	at	age	62,	20	years	after	the	balance	sheet	date	is	projected	at:

Male 

Female	

2010

2009

23.4

26.6

23.4 

26.5	

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

29. retirement Benefit oBliGations continued

the sensitivities regarding the principal assumptions used to measure the schemes’ liabilities are:

Rate	of	increase	in	pensionable	pay	

rate of increase in current and future pensions 

rate used to discount schemes’ liabilities 

Inflation

Life	expectancy	

the amounts recognised in the income statement were:

current service cost 

Past service cost 

Total	included	in	employment	costs	

Expected	return	on	pension	schemes’	assets	

Interest cost on retirement benefit obligations 

total included within net finance costs

total charge 

change in
assumption 

+/–	0.5%

+/–	0.5%

+/–	0.5%

+/–	0.5%

+/–	1	year

Impact on 
schemes’
liabilities

+/–	2.0%

+/–	5.7%

+/–	9.0%

+/–	8.3%

+/–	2.8%

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

(10.5)

(1.1)

(11.6)

22.5

(24.8)

(2.3)

(13.9)

2009
£m

(10.2) 

(1.1) 

(11.3)

22.4 

(24.0) 

 (1.6) 

(12.9)	

2010
£m 

(0.8)

–

(0.8)

2.2

(2.6)

(0.4)

(1.2)

2009
£m

(0.8)	

– 

(0.8)	

2.3 

(2.6) 

(0.3) 

(1.1) 

The	actual	return	on	schemes’	assets	was	a	profit	of	£98.5m	(2009		loss	of	£79.2m).

the amounts recognised in the statement of comprehensive income were:

Actuarial	losses	recognised	in	the	year

the amounts recognised in the balance sheet were:

Fair	value	of	schemes’	assets	

Present value of defined benefit obligations 

Net	liability	recognised	in	the	balance	sheet	

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

2009
£m

(44.4)

	(66.8)	

2010
£m 

(4.3)

2009
£m

(8.0)	

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

402.4

(510.3)

(107.9)

2009
£m

276.4

(342.4) 

(66.0)

2010
£m 

37.3

(49.0)

(11.7)

The	schemes’	assets	and	the	expected	long-term	rates	of	return	at	the	year	end	were:

Equities	

Property	

Bonds 

other 

expected 
return
% 

8.5

9.0

5.0

4.5

2010

							2009

value
£m 

244.5

23.3

125.8

8.8

402.4

fund
%

61

6

31

2

100

Expected	
return
%

8.75	

7.9	

5.2	

8.75	

Value	
 £m 

128.2	

21.2 

96.1

30.9	

276.4

Other	assets	principally	represent	cash	contributions	received	from	the	Group	towards	the	year-end	which	are	invested	during	the	
subsequent	financial	year.	

P.92  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

2009
£m

29.6	

(36.9)	

(7.3)

Fund
%

46 

8	

35	

11 

100

nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

29. retirement Benefit oBliGations continued

The	Company’s	share	of	the	schemes’	assets	at	the	balance	sheet	date	were:

Equities	

Property	

Bonds 

other 

2010
£m 

22.9

2.3

11.8

0.3

37.3

2009
£m

13.6 

2.3 

10.2 

3.5	

29.6	

The	expected	return	on	schemes’	assets	is	determined	by	considering	the	long-term	returns	and	the	balance	between	risk	and	reward	
on	the	various	categories	of	investment	assets	held.	Expected	returns	on	equity	and	property	investments	reflect	long-term	rates	of	
return	experienced	in	the	respective	markets.	Expected	yields	on	fixed	interest	investments	are	based	on	gross	redemption	yields	as	at	
the balance sheet date.

In conjunction with its investment advisers, the trustees have structured the schemes’ investments with the objective of balancing 
investment	returns	and	levels	of	risk.		The	asset	allocation	for	the	main	scheme	has	three	principal	elements:

–		 holding	of	bonds	which	is	expected	to	be	less	volatile	than	most	other	asset	classes	and	reflects	the	schemes’	liabilities

–	 a	proportion	of	equities,	with	fund	managers	having	freedom	in	making	investment	decisions	to	maximise	returns

–		 investment	of	a	relatively	small	proportion	of	the	schemes’	assets	(circa	10%)	in	alternative	asset	classes	which	give	the	potential	for		

gaining	higher	returns	(property	and	currency).

The	liabilities	of	the	defined	benefit	schemes	are	measured	by	using	the	projected	unit	credit	method	which	is	an	accrued	benefits	
valuation	method	in	which	the	scheme	liabilities	make	allowance	for	projected	earnings.

Movements	in	the	net	liability	were:

At 1 April

Income statement 

statement of comprehensive income  

regular contributions 

Other	employer	contributions	

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

(66.0)

(13.9)

(44.4)

3.2

13.2

2009
£m

 (26.3)

(12.9)	

(66.8)	

1.3 

38.7	

2010
£m 

(7.3)

(1.2)

(4.3)

–

1.1

2009
£m

(2.9)	

(1.1) 

	(8.0)	

– 

4.7 

At 31 March

(107.9)

 (66.0) 

(11.7)

 (7.3)

Movements in the fair value of schemes’ assets were:

At 1 April 

Expected	return	on	schemes’	assets	

Actuarial gains/(losses) 

Acquisition	

Members’ contributions 

Benefits paid

Group regular contributions 

Other	employer	contributions	

At 31 March 

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

276.4

22.5

65.7

38.2

1.0

(17.8)

3.2

13.2

2009
£m

331.5

22.4 

(101.6)

–

0.4 

 (16.3) 

1.3

38.7	

2010
£m 

29.6

2.2

6.3

–

–

(1.9)

–

1.1

402.4

276.4 

37.3

2009
£m

33.9	

 2.3 

(9.6)	

–

0.1 

(1.8)	

– 

4.7 

29.6	

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.93

	
nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

29. retirement Benefit oBliGations continued

Movements in the present value of schemes’ defined benefit obligations were:

At 1 April

service cost 

Interest cost

Actuarial (losses)/gains 

Acquisition

Members’ contributions 

Benefits paid 

At 31 March 

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

2009
£m

(342.4)

	(357.8)

(11.6)

(24.8)

(110.1)

(38.2)

(1.0)

17.8

(11.3) 

 (24.0) 

34.8	

–

(0.4) 

16.3 

2010
£m 

(36.9)

(0.8)

(2.6)

(10.6)

–

–

1.9

2009
£m

(36.8)	

(0.8)	

(2.6) 

1.6 

–

(0.1) 

1.8	

(510.3)

(342.4) 

(49.0)

(36.9)	

The	future	cash	flows	arising	from	the	payment	of	the	defined	benefits	are	expected	to	be	settled	primarily	in	the	period	between	 
15	and	40	years	from	the	balance	sheet	date.

The	five-year	history	of	experience	adjustments	is:

2010
£m

2009
£m

2008
£m

2007
£m

2006
£m

Group

Fair	value	of	schemes’	assets	

Present value of defined benefit obligations 

402.4

(510.3)

276.4 

(342.4) 

331.5	

(357.8)	

347.6 

(388.8)	

Net	liability	recognised	

(107.9)

(66.0) 

(26.3)

 (41.2)

317.5	

(359.2)	

 (41.7) 

Experience	gains/(losses)	on	schemes’	assets

Amount (£m)

Percentage of schemes’ assets

Experience	gains/(losses) on defined benefit obligations

65.7

16.3%

 (101.6) 

	(36.7)%	

(44.7) 

(13.5)%	

1.5	

0.4%	

34.2 

10.8%	

Amount (£m) 

Percentage of defined benefit obligations 

2.3

0.4%

34.8	

10.2%	

49.8	

13.9%	

(2.7)

(0.7)%	

 (37.0) 

(10.3)%	

The	cumulative	actuarial	gains	recognised	in	the	Group	statement	of	comprehensive	income	at	31	March	2010	were	£19.4m	(2009	gains	of	£63.8m).

2010
£m

2009
£m

2008
£m

2007
£m

Company

Fair	value	of	schemes’	assets	

Present value of defined benefit obligations 

37.3

(49.0)

29.6	

(36.9)	

33.9	

(36.8)	

27.0 

(30.4) 

Net	liability	recognised

(11.7)

 (7.3) 

(2.9)	

(3.4)

Experience	gains/(losses)	on	schemes’	assets

Amount (£m)

Percentage of schemes’ assets

6.0

16.1%

	(9.6)	

	(32.4)%	

4.0 

11.8%	

0.1 

– 

Experience	gains/(losses)	on	defined	benefit	obligations

Amount (£m) 

Percentage of defined benefit obligations 

0.4

0.8%

1.6

4.3%	

	(5.3)	

(14.4)%

(0.4) 

	(1.3)%

2006
£m

25.4	

(28.7)	

 (3.3) 

3.9	

15.3%	

(0.3) 

	(1.0)%	

The	cumulative	actuarial	gains	recognised	in	the	Company	statement	of	comprehensive	income	at	31	March	2010	were	£1.9m	(2009	gains	of	£6.2m).

In	2008	the	Group	completed	the	triennial	actuarial	valuation	of	its	defined	benefit	schemes	as	at	1	April	2007	which	resulted	in	higher	future	
service	and	deficit	recovery	contributions.		The	Group	updated	the	valuation	of	the	main	scheme	to	31	March	2009	and	has	made	deficit	
recovery	contributions	of	£13.2m	during	the	year	(2009	£38.7m).		The	Group	monitors	funding	levels	on	an	annual	basis	and	expects	to	pay	
total	contributions	of	£34.4m	during	the	year	ended	31	March	2011.

P.94  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

30. DeferreD tax

Deferred	tax	is	provided	in	full	on	temporary	differences	under	the	liability	method	using	a	tax	rate	of	28%	(2009	28%).

Movements	on	deferred	tax	were:

                      Group

                Company

liabilities/(assets) at 1 April 

charged/(credited) to the income statement 

Credited	to	equity

Arising	on	acquisitions	

2010

£m

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

328.4

1.3

(17.6)

(0.9)

307.4 

38.3

	(17.9)	

0.6 

liabilities/(assets) at 31 March 

311.2

328.4

2010

£m 

(2.6)

(1.5)

(0.9)

–

(5.0)

2009

£m

(1.6) 

1.0 

 (2.0) 

–

(2.6) 

Deferred	tax	assets	have	been	recognised	in	respect	of	all	temporary	differences	giving	rise	to	deferred	tax	assets	because	it	is	probable	
that these assets will be recovered.

All	deferred	tax	assets	and	liabilities	within	the	same	jurisdiction	are	offset.

The	movements	in	deferred	tax	assets	and	liabilities	were:

Group
Deferred tax liabilities

At	1	April	2008	

credited/(charged) to the income statement 

Arising	on	acquisitions	

At	31	March	2009	

charged/(credited) to the income statement 

Arising	on	acquisitions

at 31 march 2010

Deferred tax assets

At	1	April	2008

charged to the income statement 

(Credited)/charged	to	equity	

At	31	March	2009

(credited)/charged to the income statement 

Credited	to	equity

Arising	on	acquisition

at 31 march 2010 

Net	deferred	tax	liabilities:

At	31	March	2009	

at 31 march 2010 

												Accelerated	tax	depreciation

owned assets 
(Restated	note	5)

leased assets

£m

289.6

26.8

0.1 

316.5

5.1

2.2

£m

15.5	

0.8

–

16.3 

0.7

–

other 
(restated 
note	5)
£m

total 
(restated 
note	5)
£m

22.2

(0.6)

0.5	

22.1

(1.9)

1.4

327.3

27.0

0.6

354.9

3.9

3.6

323.8

17.0

21.6

362.4

Provisions
£m

retirement
benefit
obligations
£m

 (6.6) 

1.5	

– 

	(5.1)	

(1.8)

–

(1.4)

(8.3)

other
£m

	(5.9)

2.2 

		0.8		

(2.9)	

(1.5)

(5.2)

(3.1)

total 
£m

	(19.9)

11.3

(17.9)

(26.5)

(2.6)

(17.6)

(4.5)

(7.4)

7.6 

(18.7)

(18.5)

0.7

(12.4)

–

(30.2)

(12.7)

(51.2)

328.4

311.2

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.95

nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

30. DeferreD tax continued

Company
Deferred tax assets

At	1	April	2008

charged to the income statement

(Credited)/charged		to	equity	

At	31	March	2009

credited to the income statement

(Credited)/charged	to	equity	

at 31 march 2010 

Deferred	tax	credited	to	equity	during	the	year	was:

Actuarial losses on defined benefit schemes 

net fair value losses/(gains) on cash flow hedges

Deferred	tax	on	other	comprehensive	loss

Share-based	payments	(note	35)

31. Provisions

Group

At	1	April	2009	

charged to the income statement 

landfill restoration 

Arising	on	acquisition	(note	38)

Utilised	during	year

at 31 march 2010 

retirement
benefit
obligations
£m

(0.8)	

1.0 

(2.2) 

(2.0) 

–

(1.2)

other
£m

(0.8)	

– 

0.2 

(0.6) 

(1.5)

0.3

total 
£m

(1.6)

1.0

(2.0)

(2.6)

(1.5)

(0.9)

(3.2)

(1.8)

(5.0)

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

12.4

5.0

17.4

0.2

17.6

2009
£m

18.7	

–

18.7

(0.8)	

17.9	

2010
£m 

1.2

(0.3)

0.9

–

0.9

2009
£m

2.2 

–

2.2

(0.2) 

2.0 

environmental and 
landfill restoration
£m

restructuring
£m

other provisions
£m

total
£m

97.5	

4.5

2.6

3.2

(11.4)

96.4

0.3

5.0

–

–

(2.2)

3.1

0.2

98.0

–

–

–

–

9.5

2.6

3.2

(13.6)

0.2 

99.7

The	amount	charged	to	the	income	statement	includes	£3.8m	(2009	£4.5m)	charged	to	finance	costs	as	the	unwinding	of	discounts	
in provisions.

The	addition	to	landfill	restoration	provision	of	£2.6m	recognised	in	the	year	has	been	matched	with	an	addition	to	property,	plant	
and	equipment.

The	analysis	of	provisions	between	current	and	non-current	is:

current 

non-current 

2010
£m

21.5

78.2

99.7

2009
£m

18.8	

79.2	

98.0	

Environmental	and	landfill	restoration	provisions	are	expected	to	be	substantially	utilised	over	the	period	from	2011	to	beyond	2051.		 
The	provisions	have	been	established	assuming	current	waste	management	technology	based	upon	estimated	costs	at	future	prices	which	
have	been	discounted	to	present	value.		The	restructuring	provision	related	principally	to	severance	costs	and	will	be	utilised	within	one	year.

P.96  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

 
32. sHare CaPital

authorised

429,975,270	ordinary	shares	of	40.7p	each	

allotted, called up and fully paid 

nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

2010
£m

2009
£m

175.0

175.0	

                          number of shares

Treasury	
shares

Ordinary	
shares

£m

At	1	April	2008	

Ordinary	shares	of	40.7p	each	

6,411,406

348,752,868

For	consideration	of	£1.6m,	shares	re-issued	under	the	Company’s	Sharesave	Scheme	

(687,275)

687,275

At	31	March	2009	ordinary	shares	of	40.7p	each	

shares issued under the scrip dividend alternative

For	consideration	of	£1.9m,	shares	re-issued	under	the	Company’s	Sharesave	Scheme	

(631,557)

5,724,131

349,440,143

–

1,986,553

631,557

144.5

–

144.5

0.8

–

at 31 march 2010 ordinary shares of 40.7p each 

5,092,574

352,058,253

145.3

Shares	held	as	treasury	shares	may	be	sold	or	re-issued	for	any	of	the	Company’s	share	schemes,	or	cancelled.

employee share schemes
The	Group	operates	a	number	of	equity-settled	share	plans	for	the	benefit	of	employees.	Details	of	each	plan	are:

i) Sharesave Scheme

An	all-employee	savings	related	plan	is	operated	that	enables	employees,	including	executive	directors,	to	invest	up	to	a	maximum	of	
£250	per	month	for	three	or	five	years.		These	savings	can	then	be	used	to	buy	ordinary	shares	at	a	price	set	at	a	20%	discount	to	the	
market	value	at	the	start	of	the	savings	period	at	the	third,	fifth	or	seventh	year	anniversary	of	the	option	being	granted.	Options	expire	
six	months	following	the	exercise	date	and,	except	for	certain	specific	circumstances	such	as	redundancy,	lapse	if	the	employee	leaves	
the	Group	before	the	option	exercise	period	commences.

Outstanding	options	to	subscribe	for	ordinary	shares	of	40.7p	each	under	the	Company’s	share	option	schemes	are:

date granted and
subscription	price	fully	paid

189p	

177p 

200p 

270p 

358p	

522p	

517p	

386p

9	July	2002	

8	July	2003	

6	July	2004	

5	July	2005	

4	July	2006	

3	July	2007	

8	July	2008	

6	July	2009	

Period when
options	normally
exercisable

2005	–	2009	

2006 – 2010 

2007 – 2011 

2008	–	2012	

2009	–	2013	

2010 – 2014 

2011	–	2015	

2012 – 2016

thousands of shares in respect of 
which options outstanding at 31 March
2009

2010

–

59

70

244

165

307

306

1,321

2,472

37 

63 

278	

270 

559	

472 

464 

–

2,143 

At	31	March	2010	there	were	1,492	participants	in	the	Sharesave	Scheme	(2009	1,299).

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.97

 
nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

32. sHare CaPital continued

employee share schemes continued

i) Sharesave Scheme (continued)

The	number	and	weighted	average	exercise	price	of	Sharesave	options	are:

At 1 April 

Granted 

Forfeited	

Exercised

Expired	

At 31 March 

                2010

             2009

number of 
ordinary shares
(thousands)

Weighted 
average exercise 
price per share (p)

number of 
ordinary	shares	
(thousands)

Weighted	
average	exercise
price per share (p)

2,143

1,351

                     (371)

                   (632)

                     (19)

389

386

2,519	

495	

493 																		(158)	

295 																		(687)	

370                     (26) 

2,472

396

2,143 

322 

517	

431 

228

377 

389	

The	weighted	average	price	of	the	Company’s	shares	at	the	date	of	exercise	of	Sharesave	options	during	the	year	was	468p	(2009	
594p).		The	options	outstanding	at	31	March	2010	had	a	weighted	average	exercise	price	of	396p	(2009	389p)	and	a	weighted	average	
remaining	contractual	life	of	3.0	years	(2009	1.9	years).

The	aggregate	fair	value	of	Sharesave	options	granted	during	the	year	was	£1.5m	(2009	£0.8m),	determined	using	the	Black-Scholes	
valuation model.  the significant inputs into the valuation model at the date of issue of the options were:

Weighted	average	share	price	

Weighted	average	exercise	price	

Expected	volatility	

Expected	life	

Risk-free	rate	

Expected	dividend	yield	

2010

2009

482p	

386p	

29.0%	

646p 

517p	

21.3%	

3.8	years	

3.8	years	

2.5%	

4.7%	

4.9%	

3.3%	

Expected	volatility	was	determined	by	calculating	the	historical	volatility	of	the	Group’s	share	price	over	the	previous	two	years.

ii) Restricted Share Plan

Under	this	plan	Executive	Directors	and	senior	management	receive	a	conditional	award	of	ordinary	shares	in	the	Company.
The	eventual	number	of	shares,	if	any,	which	vest	is	dependent	upon	the	achievement	of	the	performance	condition	of	the	plan
over	the	restricted	period,	being	not	less	than	three	years.

the number and weighted average price of shares in the restricted share Plan are:

At 1 April 

Vested	

lapsed 

At 31 March 

               2010

          2009

number of 
ordinary shares
(thousands)

Weighted 
average exercise 
price per share (p)

number of 
ordinary	shares	
(thousands)

Weighted	
average	exercise
price per share (p)

332

–

(332)

–

498

–

498

–

684	

(233) 

(119)	

332 

449	

357	

494	

498	

The	plan	was	succeeded	in	2007	by	the	Performance	and	Co-investment	Plan.

P.98  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

 
NOTES	TO	THE	FINANCIAL	STATEMENTS	

32. sHare CaPital continued

employee share schemes continued

iii) Performance and Co-investment Plan

Executive	Directors	and	senior	management	receive	a	conditional	award	of	ordinary	shares	in	the	Company	and	are	also	required	
to	hold	a	substantial	personal	shareholding	in	the	Company.		The	eventual	number	of	shares,	if	any,	which	vest	is	dependent	upon	the	
achievement	of	conditions	of	the	plan	over	the	restricted	period,	being	not	less	than	three	years.

the number and price of shares in the Performance and co-investment Plan are:

At 1 April 

Granted 

At 31 March 

                2010

          2009

number of 
ordinary shares
(thousands)

Weighted 
average exercise 
price per share (p)

number of 
ordinary	shares	
(thousands)

Weighted	
average	exercise
price per share (p)

886 

579 

1,465 

598 

486 

554 

436 

450	

886	

557	

638

598	

The	awards	outstanding	at	31	March	2010	had	a	weighted	exercise	price	of	554p	(2009	598p)	and	a	weighted	average	remaining	
contractual	life	of	1.4	years	(2009	1.9	years).

The	aggregate	fair	value	of	awards	granted	during	the	year	was	£1.9m	(2009	£1.8m)	determined	using	a	Monte-Carlo	simulation	model.	
the significant inputs into the valuation model at the date of the share awards were:

Weighted	average	share	price	

Expected	volatility	

Risk-free	rate	

2010

2009

486p 

29.0% 

2.5% 

638p	

21.3%	

4.9%	

Expected	volatility	was	determined	by	calculating	the	historical	volatility	of	the	Group’s	share	price	over	the	previous	two	years.

iv) Annual Incentive Bonus Plan – Deferred Shares

Awards	under	the	plan	to	Executive	Directors	and	senior	management	involve	the	release	of	ordinary	shares	in	the	Company	to	
participants.  there is no performance condition since vesting is conditional upon continuous service with the Group for a period of 
three	years	from	the	award.		The	number	and	weighted	average	price	of	shares	in	the	Incentive	Bonus	Plan	are:

At 1 April

Granted 

Vested	

At 31 March 

                2010

            2009

number of 
ordinary shares
(thousands)

Weighted 
average exercise 
price per share (p)

number of 
ordinary	shares	
(thousands)

Weighted	
average	exercise
price per share (p)

358

146

(213)

291

575

475

545

547

368	

153	

(163) 

358	

465	

630 

368

575	

The	awards	outstanding	at	31	March	2010	had	a	weighted	average	exercise	price	of	547p	(2009	575p)	and	a	weighted	average	remaining	
contractual	life	of	1.8	years	(2009	1.4	years).		The	Company’s	share	price	at	the	date	of	the	awards	ranged	from	473p	to	620p.

The	aggregate	fair	value	of	awards	granted	during	the	year	was	£0.7m	(2009	£0.9m),	determined	from	market	value.	No	option	pricing	
methodology	is	applied	since	dividends	declared	on	the	shares	are	receivable	by	the	participants	in	the	scheme.

Further	details	of	the	plans	and	options	granted	to	Directors,	included	above,	are	shown	in	the	Directors’	Remuneration	Report.

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.99

 
nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

33. sHare Premium aCCount

At	1	April	2008	

At	31	March	2009	
Adjustment for shares issued under the scrip dividend alternative

at 31 march 2010 

34. CaPital reDemPtion reserve

£m

11.7

11.7
(0.8)

10.9

the capital redemption reserve represents the redemption of B shares and cancellation of deferred shares arising from a capital return 
to	shareholders	undertaken	during	2006.

At	1	April	2008	

At	31	March	2009	

at 31 march 2010 

35. retaineD earninGs anD otHer reserves

Group

At	1	April	2008	

Profit	for	year	

Other	comprehensive	loss	for	the	year	

Dividends	paid	relating	to	2008

Credit	to	equity	in	respect	of	share-based	payments	

charge in respect of share options vesting 

Deferred	tax	in	respect	of	share-based	payments	

Proceeds	from	treasury	shares	re-issued	

At	31	March	2009	

Profit	for	year	

Other	comprehensive	income/(loss)	for	the	year

Dividends	paid	relating	to	2009	

Adjustment for shares issued under the scrip dividend alternative 

Credit	to	equity	in	respect	of	share-based	payments	

charge in respect of share options vesting 

Deferred	tax	in	respect	of	share-based	payments	

Equity	component	of	convertible	bond	issued

Proceeds	from	treasury	shares	re-issued	

own 
shares
£m 

(4.5)

– 

– 

– 

– 

1.5

– 

– 

(3.0)

–

–

–

–

–

0.8

–

–

–

Hedging reserve
£m 

retained earnings
(Restated	note	5)
£m 

3.1

– 

(21.0)

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

(17.9)

–

5.0

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

346.5

89.8

(48.1)

(69.1)

2.7

(1.5)

(0.8)

1.6 

321.1

139.5

(35.2)

(73.4)

9.6

2.7

(0.8)

0.2

10.0

1.9

£m

144.2

144.2

144.2

total
(restated 
note	5)
£m

345.1

89.8

(69.1)

(69.1)

2.7

–

(0.8)

1.6

300.2

139.5

(30.2)

(73.4)

9.6

2.7

–

0.2

10.0

1.9

at 31 march 2010 

(2.2)

 (12.9) 

375.6

360.5

The	own	shares	reserve	represents	the	cost	of	ordinary	shares	in	Pennon	Group	Plc	issued	to	or	purchased	in	the	market	and	held	by	
the	Pennon	Employee	Share	Trust	to	satisfy	awards	under	the	Group’s	Restricted	Share	Plan	and	Incentive	Bonus	Plan.

The	market	value	of	the	596,000	ordinary	shares	(2009	810,000	ordinary	shares)	held	by	the	trust	at	31	March	2010	was	£3.1m	
(2009	£3.3m).

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

35. retaineD earninGs anD otHer reserves continued

Company

At	1	April	2008	

Profit	for	the	year	

Other	comprehensive	loss	for	the	year

Dividends	paid	relating	to	2008	

Credit	to	equity	in	respect	of	share-based	payments	

Deferred	tax	in	respect	of	share-based	payments	

Proceeds	from	treasury	shares	re-issued	

At	31	March	2009	

Profit	for	the	year	

Other	comprehensive	income/(loss)	for	the	year

Dividends	paid	relating	to	2009	

Adjustment for shares issued under the scrip dividend alternative 

Credit	to	equity	in	respect	of	share-based	payments	

Equity	component	of	convertible	bond	issued	

Proceeds	from	treasury	shares	re-issued

Hedging 
reserve 
£m 

retained
earnings 
£m  

0.5

– 

(1.9)

–

– 

–

– 

(1.4)

–

1.1

–

–

–

–

–

393.5

140.1

(5.8)

(69.1)

0.6 

(0.2)

1.6 

460.7

81.6

(3.4)

(73.4)

9.6

0.7

10.0

1.9

total
£m

394.0

140.1

(7.7)

(69.1)

0.6

(0.2)

1.6

459.3

81.6

(2.3)

(73.4)

9.6

0.7

10.0

1.9

at 31 march 2010 

(0.3)

487.7

487.4

36. CasH floW from oPeratinG aCtivities

Reconciliation	of	profit	for	the	year	to	cash	generated	from	operations:

Cash generated from operations

Continuing operations 

Profit	for	the	year	

Adjustments for:

Employee	share	schemes	

Profit	on	disposal	of	property,	plant	and	equipment

depreciation charge 

Amortisation of intangible assets 

Share	of	post-tax	profit	from	joint	ventures	

Finance	income

Finance	costs	

dividends receivable 

Taxation	charge/(credit)

Changes	in	working	capital	(excluding	the	effect	of	acquisition	of	subsidiaries):

decrease in inventories

Increase in trade and other receivables

Decrease/(increase)	in	trade	and	other	payables	

decrease in retirement benefit obligations from contributions

decrease in provisions 

                      Group

                Company

2010

£m

2009
(Restated	note	5)
£m

2010

£m 

2009

£m

139.5

89.8

81.6

140.1 

2.8

(3.6)

135.1

0.3

(1.1)

(34.4)

116.0

–

44.3

0.3

(32.4)

9.3

(4.8)

(7.9)

2.7

 (2.1)

131.3 

1.2 

(0.8)	

	(45.8)	

138.0	

–

69.6	

	0.8

 (20.7) 

(24.5)	

	(28.7)	

(10.2) 

0.7

–

0.1

–

–

(22.9)

21.8

(80.6)

(0.2)

–

(123.7)

9.7

(0.3)

–

0.6

– 

– 

– 

–

(24.3) 

31.8	

(128.6)	

(0.3)

– 

(12.1)

	(9.1)	

(3.9)

–

cash generated/(outflow) from operations 

363.4

300.6 

(113.8)

	(5.8)

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

37. net BorroWinGs

cash and cash deposits 

Borrowings – current

Bank	overdrafts	

other current borrowings 

Finance	lease	obligations	

Amounts	owed	to	subsidiary	undertakings

total current borrowings 

Borrowings – non-current

Bank	and	other	loans	

other non-current borrowings 

Finance	lease	obligations	

total non-current borrowings 

total net borrowings

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

2009
£m

2010
£m 

2009
£m

493.9

353.3

174.6

168.7

(12.7)

(184.1)

(32.2)

–

(12.9)

(219.9)

(30.1)

 – 

–

– 

(70.0)

(205.8)	

–

– 

(281.2)

(280.2)	

(229.0)

(262.9)

(351.2)

(486.0)	

(681.5)

(273.6)

(507.5)	

(287.7)

(1,205.1)

(1,187.2)	

(462.8)

	(189.5)

–

–

– 

–

(2,160.2)

(1,982.4)	

(462.8)

	(189.5)

(1,895.3)

	(1,892.0)

(639.4)

(506.8)	

Bank	overdrafts	at	the	balance	sheet	date	arise	from	the	timing	of	the	payment	of	unpresented	cheques.

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

38. aCquisitions

On	8	April	2009	the	entire	issued	share	capital	of	Greater	Manchester	Waste	Limited	(now	renamed	Viridor	Waste	(Greater	
Manchester)	Limited)	was	purchased	by	Viridor	Waste	Management	Limited	for	a	nominal	consideration.		The	acquisition	has	been	
accounted	for	using	the	acquisition	method.

Viridor	Waste	(Greater	Manchester)	Limited	contributed	revenues	of	£75.5m	and	a	profit	before	tax	of	£6.5m	for	the	period	from	 
8	April	2009	to	31	March	2010.		These	amounts	have	been	calculated	after	applying	the	Group’s	accounting	policies	and	adjusting	the	
results to reflect the fair value adjustments.

The	residual	excess	over	the	net	assets	acquired	has	been	recognised	as	goodwill.		The	goodwill	is	attributed	to	the	profitability	of	the	
acquired	business.

other intangible assets

Property,	plant	and	equipment	

Inventories

receivables

Payables	

retirement benefit obligations

Provisions – environmental

Taxation	–	current	

Taxation	–	deferred	

cash and cash deposits 

net assets/(liabilities) acquired 

Goodwill 

total consideration 

satisfied by:

cash 

Directly	attributable	costs	

net cash inflow arising on acquisition

cash consideration 

Cash	and	cash	deposits	acquired	

Book	value
£m  

1.1

26.5	

0.4

6.3

(11.4) 

(1.5)

–

0.7 

(0.3) 

6.3 

28.1	

Fair	value	
adjustment

£m   

(1.1)

(10.6) 

–

–

Fair	value
£m

–

15.9

0.4

6.3

(19.7)	

(31.1)

1.5

(3.2)

(0.2)

(0.6) 

– 

(33.9)	

–

(3.2)

0.5

(0.9)

6.3

(5.8)

5.8

–

–

–

–

–

6.3

6.3

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS 

38. aCquisitions continued

On	5	June	2009	the	entire	issued	share	capital	of	London	Recycling	Limited	(now	renamed	Viridor	London	Recycling	Limited)	was	
purchased	by	Viridor	Waste	Management	Limited	for	a	cash	consideration	of	£11.1m,	including	costs	of	£0.5m.		The	acquisition	has	been	
accounted	for	using	the	acquisition	method.

Viridor	London	Recycling	Limited	contributed	revenues	of	£7.3m	and	a	loss	before	tax	of	£0.5m	for	the	period	from	5	June	2009	to	
31	March	2010.	If	the	acquisition	had	occured	on	1	April	2009	Group	revenues	for	the	year	would	have	been	£1,070.3m	and	profit	for	
the	year	would	have	been	£139.4m.		These	amounts	have	been	calculated	after	applying	the	Group’s	accounting	policies	and	adjusting	
the results to reflect the provisional fair value adjustments.

The	residual	excess	over	the	net	assets	acquired	has	been	recognised	as	goodwill.		The	provisional	goodwill	is	attributed	to	the	
profitability	of	the	acquired	business.

Book	value
£m  

Fair	value	
adjustment
£m   

Fair	value
£m

Property,	plant	and	equipment	

Inventories

receivables

Payables	

loans

leases

net assets acquired 

Goodwill 

total consideration 

satisfied by:

cash 

Directly	attributable	costs	

net cash outflow arising on acquisition

cash consideration 

Cash	and	cash	deposits	acquired	

3.2 

0.1

1.6

(0.8)	

(1.2)

(0.3)

2.6 

– 

–

–

– 

–

–

– 

3.2

0.1

1.6

(0.8)

(1.2)

(0.3)

2.6

8.5

11.1

10.6

0.5

11.1

11.1

–

11.1

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

38. aCquisitions continued

On	31	July	2009	the	entire	issued	share	capital	of	Intercontinental	Recycling	Limited	(now	renamed	Viridor	Polymer	Recycling	Limited)	
was	purchased	by	Viridor	Waste	Management	Limited	for	a	cash	consideration	of	£4.7m,	including	costs	of	£0.5m.		The	acquisition	has	
been	accounted	for	using	the	acquisition	method.

Viridor	Polymer	Recycling	Limited	contributed	revenues	of	£6.9m	and	a	loss	before	tax	of	£0.4m	for	the	period	from	31	July	2009	to	
31	March	2010.	If	the	acquisition	had	occured	on	1	April	2009	Group	revenues	for	the	year	would	have	been	£1,071.5m	and	profit	for	
the	year	would	have	been	£138.9m.		These	amounts	have	been	calculated	after	applying	the	Group’s	accounting	policies	and	adjusting	
the results to reflect the provisional fair value adjustments.

The	residual	excess	over	the	net	assets	acquired	has	been	recognised	as	goodwill.		The	provisional	goodwill	is	attributed	to	the	
profitability	of	the	acquired	business.

Book	value
£m  

Fair	value	
adjustment
£m   

Fair	value
£m

Property,	plant	and	equipment	

Inventories

receivables

Payables	

Taxation	–	deferred	

loans

cash and cash deposits 

net assets acquired 

Goodwill 

total consideration 

satisfied by:

cash 

Directly	attributable	costs	

net cash outflow arising on acquisition

cash consideration 

Cash	and	cash	deposits	acquired	

3.1 

0.4

1.1

(2.3) 

1.8	

(3.8)

0.2

0.5	

– 

–

–

– 

– 

–

–

– 

3.1

0.4

1.1

(2.3)

1.8

(3.8)

0.2

0.5

4.2

4.7

4.2

0.5

4.7

4.7

(0.2)

4.5

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

39. PrinCiPal suBsiDiary anD Joint venture unDertaKinGs at 31 marCH 2010

Country of incorporation, registration and principal operations

Water and sewerage 
South	West	Water	Limited*	

South	West	Water	Finance	Plc	

Waste management
Viridor	Limited*			

Viridor	Waste	Limited		

Viridor	Waste	Exeter	Limited		
Viridor	Waste	Management	Limited		
Viridor	EnviroScot	Limited		
Viridor	Glass	Recycling	Limited		
Viridor	Parkwood	Holdings	Limited		
Parkwood	Group	Limited		

Viridor	Waste	(Sheffield)	Limited		

Viridor	Resource	Management	Limited		
Viridor	Waste	Kent	Limited		
Viridor	Waste	(Landfill	Restoration)	Limited		
Viridor	Waste	(Somerset)	Limited		
Viridor	Waste	(Thames)	Limited		
Viridor	Waste	(Greater	Manchester)	Limited	
Viridor	London	Recycling	Limited	
Viridor	Polymer	Recycling	Limited	
Viridor	Waste	Suffolk	Limited		
Viridor	Waste	(West	Sussex)	Limited		

other
Peninsula	Insurance	Limited*	

 * Indicates the shares are held directly by Pennon Group Plc, the Company.

† Operations are carried out in England.

England
England

England
England
England
England
Scotland
England
British	Virgin	Islands	†
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England
England

Guernsey

The	subsidiary	undertakings	are	wholly-owned	and	all	shares	in	issue	are	ordinary	shares.	All	companies	above	are	consolidated	in	
the Group financial statements.

Joint ventures and associate
All	joint	ventures,	the	associate	and	the	subsidiary	undertakings	of	Lakeside	Energy	from	Waste	Holdings	Limited,	Viridor	Laing	
(Greater Manchester) Holdings limited and Ineos runcorn (tPs) Holdings limited are incorporated and registered in england 
which	is	also	their	country	of	operation.

Lakeside	Energy	from	Waste	Holdings	Limited

1,000,000	A	ordinary	shares

1,000,000	B	ordinary	shares

–

100%

Lakeside	Energy	from	Waste	Limited

Waste	management

Shares	in	Lakeside	Energy	from	Waste	Holdings	Limited	are	held	by	Viridor	Waste	Management	Limited.

share capital in issue

Percentage held

activity

Viridor	Laing	(Greater	Manchester)	Holdings	Limited

2	ordinary	shares

50%

Viridor	Laing	(Greater	Manchester)	Limited

Waste	management

	Shares	in	Viridor	Laing	(Greater	Manchester)	Holdings	Limited	are	held	by	Viridor	Waste	Management	Limited.

Ineos runcorn (tPs) Holdings limited

1,000	A	ordinary	shares

186,750	B1	ordinary	shares

62,250	B2	ordinary	shares	

20%

50%

–

Ineos runcorn (tPs) limited

Waste	management

Shares	in	INEOS	Runcorn	(TPS)	Holdings	Limited	are	held	by	Viridor	Waste	Management	Limited.

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nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

40. oPeratinG lease Commitments

                      Group

                Company

The	future	aggregate	minimum	lease	payments	under	non-cancellable	
operating leases are: 

Within	one	year	

Later	than	one	year	and	less	than	five	years	

After	five	years	

2010
£m

7.4

23.8

89.1

2009
£m

2010
£m 

2009
£m

7.2 

19.1	

81.2

– 

– 

– 

– 

–

–

–

–

120.3

107.5

The	Group	leases	various	offices,	depots	and	workshops	under	non-cancellable	operating	lease	agreements.		The	leases	have	various	
terms,	escalation	clauses	and	renewal	rights.	Property	leases	are	negotiated	for	an	average	term	of	25	years	and	rentals	are	reviewed	on	
average	at	five	yearly	intervals.

The	Group	also	leases	plant	and	machinery	under	non-cancellable	operating	lease	agreements.

41. ContinGent liaBilities

Guarantees:

Borrowing	facilities	of	subsidiary	undertakings	

contractors’ claims on capital schemes 

Performance bonds 

other 

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

– 

3.0 

104.8	

6.9	

114.7

2009
£m

2010
£m 

2009
£m

– 

1.3 

96.6	

6.9	

104.8

363.8	

– 

104.8	

6.9	

475.5

452.4	

– 

96.6	

6.9	

555.9	

Guarantees	in	respect	of	performance	bonds	are	entered	into	in	the	normal	course	of	business.	No	liability	is	expected	to	arise	in	
respect of the guarantees.

Viridor	Waste	Management	Limited	has	given	a	commitment	to	supply	200,000	tonnes	of	waste	per	annum	(or	pay	market	price	based	
compensation)	to	the	energy	from	waste	plant	of	the	joint	venture	in	Lakeside	Energy	from	Waste	Holdings	Limited.		The	Directors	
consider	that	the	committed	waste	volume	will	be	available	in	the	ordinary	course	of	business.

Other	contingent	liabilities	relate	to	a	possible	obligation	to	pay	further	consideration	in	respect	of	a	previously	acquired	business	when	
the	outcome	of	planning	applications	is	known.

42. CaPital Commitments

contracted but not provided 

Share	of	commitment	contracted	but	not	provided	by	joint	ventures	

                      Group

                Company

2010
£m

104.1

135.2

239.3

2009
£m

85.3	

6.1 

91.4	

2010
£m 

– 

 – 

–

2009
£m

–

–

 –

43. relateD Party transaCtions

During	the	year,	Group	companies	entered	into	the	following	transactions	with	related	parties	who	are	not	members	of	the	Group:

Sales of goods and services

Lakeside	Energy	from	Waste	Limited

Viridor	Laing	(Greater	Manchester)	Limited	

Purchase of goods and services

Lakeside	Energy	from	Waste	Limited	

2010
£m

0.2

49.0

3.8

2009
£m

–

–

–

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.107

nOTES TO THE FInanCIaL STaTEmEnTS

43. relateD Party transaCtions continued

Year end balances

Receivables due from related parties

Viridor	Laing	(Greater	Manchester)	Limited	

Lakeside	Energy	from	Waste	Limited	

Ineos runcorn (tPs) limited 

Payables due to related parties

Lakeside	Energy	for	Waste	Limited

2010
£m

20.7

19.5

5.7

45.9

2009
£m

–

10.6

–

10.6

5.0

–

The	£5.0m	payable	relates	to	consortium	relief	due	to	Lakeside	Energy	from	Waste	Limited.

The	£45.9m	(2009	£10.6m)	relates	to	loans	to	related	parties	included	within	receivables	and	due	for	repayment	in	instalments	between	
2011	and	2033.	Interest	is	charged	at	an	average	of	11.3%	(2009	15%).

Company
The	following	transactions	with	subsidiary	undertakings	occurred	in	the	year:

sales of goods and services (management fees) 

Purchase of goods and services (support services) 

Interest receivable (loans) 

Interest	payable	(short-term	funding)	

dividends received 

2010
£m

7.1

0.5

19.4

0.1

80.6

2009
£m

7.3 

0.5	

17.6 

1.7 

128.6	

Sales	of	goods	and	services	to	subsidiary	undertakings	are	at	cost.	Purchases	of	goods	and	services	from	subsidiary	undertakings	are	
under normal commercial terms and conditions which would also be available to unrelated third parties.

Year end balances

Receivables due from subsidiary undertakings

loans 

trading balances 

2010
£m

2009
£m

420.6

339.1	

0.9

0.9	

Interest	on	£104.8m	of	the	loans	has	been	charged	at	a	fixed	rate	of	5.0%	and	on	£104.3m	at	a	fixed	rate	of	6.0%	(2009	£76.2m,	6.0%).	
Interest	on	the	balance	of	the	loans	is	charged	at	12	month	LIBOR	+	1.5%	(2009	Barclays	Bank	Plc	base	rate	+1%).		The	loans	are	due	
for	repayment	in	instalments	over	the	period	2011	to	2014.	During	the	year	there	were	no	further	provisions	(2009	£0.1m)	in	respect	of	
loans	to	subsidiaries	not	expected	to	be	repaid.

Payables due to subsidiary undertakings

loans 

trading balances 

Payables due to joint venture

trading balances 

The	loans	from	subsidiary	undertakings	are	unsecured	and	interest-free	without	any	terms	for	repayment.

P.108  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

2010
£m

2009
£m

281.2

280.2	

16.3

11.1 

5.0

– 

FIVE-YEaR FInanCIaL SummaRY

2007*

2006*

£m

£m

2008
(restated 
note	5)
£m

879.4	

243.0 

	(85.6)

0.2 

157.6	
(5.3)	

(16.4)

135.9

69.1	

748.3	

202.1

	(69.2)

0.3

133.2 
(2.1) 

(37.2)

93.9	

65.6	

38.9p		

1.3p 

(2.6p)  

37.6p  

26.5p		

0.6p  

3.8p		

30.9p		

19.81p		

18.55p		

645.7	

 176.7 

 (64.3)

 0.1 

112.5	
(58.4)	

(16.3) 

37.8

61.0 

9.9p		

10.4p  

5.3p		

25.6p		

17.2p  

2008
(restated 
note	5)
£m

2007*

2006*

£m

£m

89.0	

207.7 

37.0 

245.1	

45.8	

249.7	

2010

£m

2009
(restated 
note	5)
£m

1,068.9

269.6

(81.6)

1.1

189.1
(5.3)

(44.3)

139.5

79.6

39.9p

1.3p

0.4p

41.6p

22.55p

2010

£m

9.3

190.2

958.2

257.0

(92.2)

0.8	

165.6

(6.2) 

(69.6)

89.8	

73.4 

25.8p	

1.2p  

11.1p  

38.1p		

21.0p  

2009
(restated 
note	5)
£m

3.4 

231.8

3,183.4

165.1

3,036.3

40.5

2,931.0	

199.7	

2,728.6	

(56.7)	

(2,687.6)

(2,476.2)

(2,485.2)

 (2,044.7) 

2,527.5	

(61.2) 

(1,885.1)	

income statement

revenue 

Underlying	operating	profit	

net finance costs

share of profit in joint ventures 

Underlying	profit	before	tax	and	exceptional	items	
Non-underlying	and	exceptional	items	(before	tax)	

Taxation

Profit	for	the	year	

dividends proposed

Underlying	earnings	per	share	(basic):

From continuing operations

earnings per share 

Non-underlying	and	exceptional	items	(net	of	tax)	

Deferred	tax	

Underlying	earnings	per	share	

declared dividends per share 

Capital expenditure

Acquisitions	

Property,	plant	and	equipment	

Balance sheet

non-current assets 

net current assets/(liabilities) 

non-current liabilities

net assets 

660.9

600.6

645.5

 627.2

	581.2	

number of employees	(average	for	year)

Water	and	sewerage	business	

Waste	management	

other businesses 

1,191

2,853

43

4,087

1,227 

2,154

41 

3,422 

1,276 

	2,059	

42

3,377 

1,301 

1,686	

	38	

3,025	

1,299

1,388	

35	

2,722 

*	Prior	to	the	application	of	IFRIC	12	“Service	concession	arrangements”.

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.109

SHaREHOLDER InFORmaTIOn

finanCial CalenDar

Financial	year-end

Twenty-first	Annual	General	Meeting

Ex-dividend	date	for	2010	Final	dividend

Record	date	for	2010	Final	dividend

2010	Final	dividend	payable

2010/11	Half	yearly	financial	report	announcement

2011	Interim	dividend	payable

2011		Preliminary	results	announcement

Twenty-second	Annual	General	Meeting

2011	Final	dividend	payable

31 March 

29	July	2010

11 August 2010*

13 August 2010*

8	October	2010*

november 2010

April 2011

May	2011

July	2011

october 2011

*	the	above	dates	are	subject	to	obtaining	shareholder	approval	at	the	2010	Annual	General	Meeting	to	the	payment	of	a	final	dividend	for	the	year	ended	31	March	2010.

sCriP DiviDenD alternative

subject to obtaining shareholder approval at the 2010 Annual General Meeting to the 

payment	of	a	final	dividend	for	the	year	ended	31	March	2010,	the	timetable	for	offering	the	

scrip dividend Alternative will be as follows:

11 August 2010

13 August 2010 

27 August 2010

Ordinary	shares	quoted	ex	dividend

record date for final cash dividend

Posting of scrip dividend offer

Pennon	Group	Plc	is	listed	on	the	London	Stock	

Exchange	and	meets	the	requirements	of	a	

Premium listing.  this is a listing that meets the 

more	stringent	UK	‘super-equivalent	standards’	

20 september 2010

Final	date	for	receipt	of	Forms	of	Election/Mandate

compared	with	a	‘standard	listing’	which	meets	

7 october 2010 

Posting	of	dividend	cheques	and	share	certificates	

eu minimum standards.

8	October	2010

8	October	2010

Final	cash	dividend	payment	date

First	day	of	dealing	in	the	new	ordinary	shares

sHareHolDers’ analysis at 31 marCH 2010

range

1 - 100

101 - 1,000

1,001	-	5,000

5,001	-	50,000

50,001	-	100,000

100,001 - HIGHest

Individuals

companies

trust companies (pension funds 

etc)

Banks	and	nominees

number of
shareholders

Percentage of
total shareholders

 Percentage of
ordinary	shares

2,441

9,555

10,492

1,433

80

252

24,253

20,602

223

3

3,425

24,253

10.06

39.40

43.26

5.91

0.33

1.04

0.02

1.41

6.29

4.40

1.58

86.30

100.00

100.00

84.95

0.92

0.01

8.67

3.54

0.00

14.12

87.79

100.00

100.00

Further	shareholder	information	may	be	found	at pennon-group.co.uk

P.110  |  Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  

suBstantial sHareHolDinGs
At 14 June 2010 interests in the issued share 

capital had been notified pursuant to the

Financial	Service	Authority’s	Disclosure	and	

Transparency	Rules:

Invesco ltd

Ameriprise	Financial	Inc

Pictet Asset Management sA

11.98%

9.98%

7.24%

AXA	SA	and	its	Group	Companies

6.14%

Legal	&	General	Group	Plc

Prudential Plc

5.91%

5.39%

SHaREHOLDER InFORmaTIOn

‘Brokers’ Contacting shareholders – 
Boiler room scams 

A number of companies, including Pennon 
Group Plc, continue to be aware that their 
shareholders have received unsolicited 
phone calls or correspondence concerning 
investment	matters	which	imply	a	connection	
to	the	company	concerned.		These	are	
typically	from	overseas	based	‘brokers’	who	
target uK shareholders offering to sell them 
what	can	turn	out	to	be	worthless	or	high	risk	
shares	in	US	or	UK	investments.		They	can	
be	very	persistent	and	extremely	persuasive	
and	a	2006	survey	by	the	Financial	Services	
Authority	(FSA)	has	reported	that	the	average	
amount	lost	by	investors	is	around	£20,000.	
It is not just the novice investor who has been 
duped	in	this	way;	many	of	the	victims	had	
been	successfully	investing	for	several	years.	

Shareholders	are	advised	to	be	wary	of	any	
unsolicited	advice,	offers	to	buy	shares	at	a	
discount or offers of free reports into the 
Company.	If	you	are	contacted	in	this	manner,	
please	make	sure	you	obtain	the	correct	name	
of	the	person	and	organisation	and	where	they	
are	based.		You	should	also	check	that	they	are	
properly	authorised	by	the	FSA	before	getting	
involved	and	should	call	the	organisation	back	
using	their	details	in	the	FSA	register	to	verify	
their	authorisation	-	you	can	check	online	
fsa.gov.uk/register/home.do		If	you	deal	
with	an	unauthorised	firm,	you	would	not	
be	eligible	to	receive	any	payment	under	the	
Financial	Services	Compensation	Scheme.		The	
FSA	can	be	contacted	by	completing	an	online	
form at fsa.gov.uk/pages/Doing/regulated/
law/alerts/overseas.shtml

Details	of	any	share	dealing	facilities	that	
the	Company	endorses	will	be	included	in	
Company	mailings.

More detailed information on this or similar 
activity	can	be	found	on	the	FSA	website	
moneymadeclear.fsa.gov.uk/consumer

sHareHolDer serviCes

online portfolio service

The	online	portfolio	service	provided	by	
capita registrars gives shareholders access to 
more information on their investments. details 
of the portfolio service are available online at
capitashareportal.com

electronic communications
The	Company	has	passed	a	resolution	which	
allows it to communicate with its shareholders 
by	means	of	its	website.	

Shareholders	currently	receiving	a	printed	
copy	of	the	Annual	Report	who	now	wish	
to sign up to receive all future shareholder 
communications	electronically,	can	do	so	by	
registering with capita registrars’ share portal. 
Go to capitashareportal.com to register, 
select	‘Account	Registration’	and	then	follow	
the	on-screen	instructions	by	inputting	your	
surname,	your	Investor	Code	(which	can	
be	found	on	your	Form	of	Proxy)	and	your	
postcode as well as entering an e-mail address 
and selecting a password. some facilities will 
require	an	activation	code	which	will	be	sent	
to	you	in	the	post	following	registration.

electronic Proxy voting
Shareholders	also	have	the	opportunity	to	
register	the	appointment	of	a	proxy	for	any	
general	meeting	of	the	Company	once	notice	
of	the	meeting	has	been	given	and	may	do	so	
via capitashareportal.com  shareholders 
who	register	an	‘e-mail’	preference	will	not	
receive	a	paper	proxy	form.	Instead	they	
will receive an e-mail alert advising them of 
general	meetings	of	the	Company,	with	links	
to the notices of Meetings and annual and half 
yearly	accounts.

the Pennon website
Pennon’s website pennon-group.co.uk 
provides	news	and	details	of	the	Company’s	
activities	plus	links	to	its	business	websites.		
the Investor Information section contains 
up-to-date information for shareholders 
including comprehensive share price 
information; financial results; dividend 
payment	dates	and	amounts;	and	Stock	
Exchange	announcements.		There	is	also	a	
comprehensive share services section on 
the website which includes information 
on	buying,	selling	and	transferring	shares;	
and	on	the	action	to	be	undertaken	by	
shareholders in the event of a change in 
personal	circumstances,	for	example,	a	change	
of address.

share dealing service

the low-cost share dealing service offered 
by	Stocktrade	enables	shareholders	to	buy	
and	sell	shares	in	the	Company	on	a	low-cost	
basis	and	to	make	regular	investments	in	the	
Company.		Telephone	Stocktrade	on	0845	601	
0995	and	quote:	LOW	CO107.		Commission	
is	0.5%	(subject	to	a	minimum	charge	of	
£17.50)	to	£10,000,	then	0.2%	thereafter.		

Change of registrar 

On	10	May	2010	the	Company	changed	its	
registrar	from	Equiniti	to	Capita	Registrars.		
capita registrars can be contacted as follows:

capita registrars 
northern House
Woodsome	Park
Fenay	Bridge
Huddersfield
HD8	0GA

Telephone:	0871	664	9234*
Overseas	telephone:	+44	800	141	2951
email: pennon@capitaregistrars.com

*(calls cost 10p per minute plus network extras) 
Lines are open 8:30am - 5.30pm Mon - Fri

share gift service 

Through	Sharegift,	an	independent	charity	
share donation scheme, shareholders who 
only	have	a	small	number	of	shares	with	a	
value	that	makes	it	uneconomical	to	sell	them,	
can	donate	such	shares	to	charity.		Donations	
can	be	made	by	completion	of	a	simple	share	
transfer form which is available from the 
Company’s	registrars,	Capita	Registrars.	

individual savings accounts

By	holding	their	shares	in	the	Company	in	an	
Individual savings Account (IsA), shareholders 
may	gain	tax	advantages.		

scrip Dividend alternative

The	Company	operates	a	Scrip	Dividend	
Alternative.  the scrip dividend Alternative 
provides	shareholders	with	an	opportunity	
to invest the whole of, or part of, the cash 
dividend	they	receive	on	their	Pennon	
Group	Plc	shares	to	buy	further	shares	in	
the	Company	without	incurring	stamp	duty	
or	dealing	expenses.		Subject	to	obtaining	
shareholder approval at the 2010 Annual 
General	Meeting	to	the	payment	of	a	final	
dividend	for	the	year	ended	31	March	2010,	
full details of the scrip dividend Alternative, 
including how to join, will be sent out to 
shareholders on 27 August 2010.  the full 
timetable for offering the scrip dividend 
Alternative is given opposite on page 110.

Pennon Group Plc	Registered	Office:	Peninsula	House,	Rydon	Lane,	Exeter	EX2	7HR
registered in england no. 2366640

Pennon GrouP AnnuAl rePort And Accounts  |  2010  |  P.111

 
CONTENTS

Financial highlights and Group strategy ..............1

Directors’ Report continued

  About our businesses:

  South West Water:

Directors’ Report continued

  Pennon Group:

  Other financial information ......................... 28

Directors’ Report

  Business Review:

  Pennon Group:

  Regulatory and competitive environment ...16 

  Key relationships ............................................. 30

  Chairman’s statement .......................................2

  Customers, community and employees ......18 

  Principal risks and uncertainties ................ 30

  Key relationships ............................................. 20 

  Our corporate responsibility ...................... 32

  Financial performance ......................................4

  Principal risks and uncertainties ................ 21

Interpretation ................................................... 37

  Funding position .................................................7

  V iridor:

  Other statutory information ........................... 38

  Chief Executives’ overviews:

  Regulatory and competitive environment ..22 

Board of Directors .................................................. 40

  South West Water ............................................8

  Customers, community and employees.. 24

Directors’ Remuneration Report ...................... 41

  V iridor ................................................................. 12

  Key relationships ............................................. 25

Corporate Governance and                             

  Principal risks and uncertainties ................ 26

Internal Control ....................................................... 49

Independent Auditors’ Report ............................ 53

Financial statements ................................................ 54

Five-year financial summary ...............................109

Shareholder information ..................................... 110

The Group’s key performance indicators are shown throughout the Business Review by:

KPI

PENNON GROUP ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  |  2010

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AnnuAl RepoRt & Accounts 2010

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Pennon Group Plc Registered Office: Peninsula House, Rydon Lane, Exeter, Devon, England EX2 7HR  pennon-group.co.uk

Registered in England No. 2366640