Annual Report 2023
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2023 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS
Mix of Net Revenue
Net Revenue
41%
59%
Food 59%
Beverage 41%
43%
57%
U.S. 57%
Outside U.S. 43%
5%
7%
27%
Frito-Lay North America 27%
Quaker Foods North America 3%
PepsiCo Beverages North America 30%
15%
13%
Latin America 13%
3%
Europe 15%
30%
Africa, Middle East and South Asia 7%
Asia Pacific, Australia and
New Zealand and China Region 5%
Core Division Operating Profit 1
5%
5%
12%
14%
Frito-Lay North America 42%
Quaker Foods North America 4%
PepsiCo Beverages North America 18%
42%
Latin America 14%
Europe 12%
18%
4%
Africa, Middle East and South Asia 5%
Asia Pacific, Australia and
New Zealand and China Region 5%
PepsiCo, Inc. & Consolidated Subsidiaries
(in millions, except per share data; all per share amounts assume dilution)
Summary of Operations
Net revenue
Core operating profit 1
Reported earnings per share
Core earnings per share 3
Free cash flow 4
Capital spending
Common share repurchases
Dividends paid
2023
$91,471
$13,875
$6.56
$7.62
$8,122
$5,518
$1,000
$6,682
2022
$86,392
$12,325
$6.42
$6.79
$5,855
$5,207
$1,500
$6,172
% Change 2
6%
13%
2%
12%
39%
6%
-33%
8%
1. Excludes the mark-to-market net impact of our commodity derivatives, restructuring and impairment charges, acquisition and divestiture-related
charges, as well as impairment and other charges. In 2023, also excludes product returns, inventory write-offs and customer and consumer-related costs
associated with the voluntary recall of certain bars and cereals in our Quaker Foods North America division (Quaker Recall). In 2022, also excludes the gain
associated with the sale of Tropicana, Naked and other select juice brands (Juice Transaction). See page 133 “Reconciliation of GAAP and Non-GAAP
Information” for a reconciliation to the most directly comparable financial measure in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
(GAAP). On a reported basis, the division operating profit percentages in 2023 were: Frito-Lay North America 47%, Quaker Foods North America 3%,
PepsiCo Beverages North America 18%, Latin America 16%, Europe 5%, Africa, Middle East and South Asia 6% and Asia Pacific, Australia and New Zealand
and China Region 5%. 2023 and 2022 reported operating profit was $11,986 and $11,512, respectively, reflecting an increase of 4% in 2023.
2. Percentage changes are based on unrounded amounts.
3. Excludes the mark-to-market net impact of our commodity derivatives, restructuring and impairment charges, acquisition and divestiture-related
charges, impairment and other charges, as well as pension and retiree medical-related impact. In 2023, also excludes product returns, inventory write-offs
and customer and consumer-related costs associated with the Quaker Recall. In 2022, also excludes the gain associated with the Juice Transaction, tax
benefit related to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) audit and tax expense related to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJ Act). See page 133 “Reconciliation of
GAAP and Non-GAAP Information” for a reconciliation to the most directly comparable financial measure in accordance with GAAP.
4. Includes the impact of net capital spending. See page 133 “Reconciliation of GAAP and Non-GAAP Information” for a reconciliation to the most directly
comparable financial measure in accordance with GAAP. 2023 and 2022 net cash provided by operating activities was $13,442 and $10,811, respectively,
reflecting an increase of 24% in 2023.
pep+ highlights
pep+ (PepsiCo Positive) is our roadmap for how we operate within planetary boundaries and
promote positive change for the planet and people.
Guided by pep+, we’re transforming how we grow our ingredients, how we make, move,
and sell our iconic portfolio of products, and how we inspire people through our brands. By
becoming better, we can help transform the global food system and build a stronger, more
sustainable future for all.
POSITIVE AGRICULTURE
We are working to source our crops and ingredients in ways that help
restore the earth and strengthen farming communities.
Sustainably Sourced
Ingredients
100% of our grower-sourced crops
(potatoes, whole corn, and oats) are
sustainably sourced in 27 countries,
and more than 90% of these crops are
sustainably sourced globally as of 2023.1
Regenerative Agriculture
PepsiCo and Walmart announced a 7-year
collaboration to pursue up to $120 million
worth of investments to help improve soil
and water health across U.S. and Canadian
farmland — helping to lower carbon
emissions while supporting the pep+ goal
of spreading the adoption of regenerative
agriculture practices across 7 million acres
by 2030.
POSITIVE CHOICES
We are inspiring people through our brands to make choices
that create more smiles for them and the planet.
Expanded Portfolio Offerings
We are more than 83% of the way toward our 2025 targets in reducing added sugars,
sodium, and saturated fat across our beverage and convenient foods portfolio.2
In 2023, we introduced two new nutrition goals:
• By 2030, we aim for at least 75% of our global convenient foods portfolio volume to
meet or be below recommended category sodium targets.3
• By 2030, we aim to deliver 145 billion portions of diverse ingredients annually in our
global convenient foods portfolio. Each portion will provide approximately 10% of the
suggested daily amount of the relevant ingredient.
POSITIVE VALUE CHAIN
We are helping to build a circular and inclusive value chain.
Climate
Packaging
In 2023, we continued to work toward our
goal of 100% renewable electricity in our
direct operations, and approximately 80%
of the electricity we used globally was from
renewable sources.4
Water
In 2023, we achieved our goal of 25%
improvement in operational water-use
efficiency in high water-risk areas vs. 2015
baseline, two years ahead of schedule.5
Please see our website (www.pepsico.com) under ‘Our Impact’
and the following notes for additional information regarding our
pep+ goals and progress highlights in this Annual Report. Unless
otherwise noted, goals and progress reflect the impact of our
acquisitions of Hangzhou Haomusi Food Co., Ltd. (Be & Cheery),
BFY Brands, Inc., Pioneer Food Group Ltd. (Pioneer Foods), and
SodaStream International Ltd. and our divestiture of Tropicana,
Naked and other select juice brands. Organizational changes
(e.g., acquisitions, mergers, and divestitures) are evaluated to
determine if they have a significant impact on our sustainability
performance and, as data becomes available, all reported years
for metrics impacted by an organizational change are recast to
consistently reflect the impact of the organizational change.
1. For grower-sourced crops, sustainable sourcing refers to meeting
the independently verified environmental, social, and economic
principles of PepsiCo’s Sustainable Farming Program (SFP). For more
information on PepsiCo’s SFP and the applicable standards, please
see https://www.pepsico.com/esg-topics-a-z/agriculture.
2. Based on 2022 data in our Top 26 Beverage markets, which
represent 78% of our global beverages volume, and our Top 23
Convenient Foods markets, which represent 86% of our global
convenient foods volume. Results reflect exclusion of Be & Cheery
portfolio.
In 2023, 31 markets had at least one
PepsiCo product with 100% recycled PET
(rPET) in its packaging, including India,
where Pepsi Black was the first carbonated
beverage to market with a 100% rPET bottle
after the country’s decision to permit its use
in food and beverage applications.
People
As of 2023, women hold 45% of our global
manager roles and continue to be paid
within 1% of men.6
We also increased our Black and Hispanic
managerial populations in the U.S. to
9.2% and 10.3%, respectively.7
3. These targets have been set across 30 product categories ranging
from hot cereals to potato and vegetable chips to tortilla chips and are
approximately 15 – 30% lower than our current target of 1.3mg/kcal.
4. The goal is being accomplished using a diversified portfolio of
solutions, including renewable energy certificates.
5. High water-risk locations defined by World Resources Institute’s
Aqueduct tool. Results reflect the exclusion of third-party facilities.
Between 2006 – 2015, water-use efficiency improved by 26% in global
legacy operations at the date of target setting.
6. Based on pay equity program implemented in 71 countries that
collectively make up more than 99% of our salaried employee
population, after controlling for legitimate drivers of pay such as job
level, geographic location, and performance ratings; based on
base compensation.
7. To reflect workforce availability of the communities where we operate.
TO OUR SHAREHOLDERS,
earnings per share (EPS). We showed very good progress
across geographies, with organic revenue up 8% in North
America, 12% in our International business, 10% in our
Global Convenient Foods business, and 8% in our Global
Beverages business.1
Our results reflect more than $1 billion in productivity
savings, while minimizing waste across our value chain.
From a marketplace perspective, in 2023 we held or
gained share in more than half our key global beverage
and convenient foods markets. We also received the
top spot for manufacturing in the Kantar PoweRanking
survey for the eighth consecutive year, a testament to
the collaborative relationships we maintain with our
customers and partners.
This strong performance enabled us to increase our
annualized dividend by 7%, effective with the dividend
expected to be paid in June 2024. This will represent
PepsiCo’s 52nd consecutive annualized dividend per
share increase.
Our success in 2023 was powered by the critical
investments we’re making to accelerate growth and build
a company that thrives in the future, such as:
• Advancing major transformation initiatives to
increase our productivity, elevate our focus on cost
control, and speed up the implementation of our
digital strategy;
• Showing progress with the automation of our data
and digital infrastructure and expanding critical
digital programs in more markets to enable faster
decision making;
• Launching our Powering Positive Growth marketing
transformation, leveraging the scale and influence of
our global brands;
• Driving scope and presence in key consumer
channels, like Away from Home and e-commerce;
and
I am pleased to inform you that 2023 was another good
year for PepsiCo. We exceeded many of our performance
goals, innovated across our portfolio, and continued to
transform the business and build new capabilities. We did
this while continuing to invest in communities where we
live and work, create industry-leading partnerships, and
nurture our talent and workplace culture. More than ever,
we put PepsiCo Positive (pep+) at the center of all that
we do, transforming the business from end-to-end to
drive sustainable performance and value that positively
impacts the planet and our communities.
Our 2023 results show that our Winning with pep+
strategy is working, and it is the key to building an even
Faster, Stronger, and Better PepsiCo.
Becoming Even Faster, Stronger, and Better
Our financial performance in 2023 was highlighted
by robust 9.5% organic revenue growth, bringing our
three-year compound annual organic revenue growth
rate to 11%, and 14% growth in core constant currency
1. 2023 reported net revenue increased 5.9%. Three-year compound annual reported net revenue growth was 9%. 2023 reported EPS increased 2%. 2023
North America, International, Global Convenient Foods and Global Beverages reported net revenue increased 6%, 6%, 7% and 4%, respectively. Organic
revenue growth and core constant currency EPS growth are non-GAAP financial measures. See page 133 “Reconciliation of GAAP and Non-GAAP
Information” for definitions and more information about these results, including a reconciliation to the most directly comparable financial measure in
accordance with GAAP.
PepsiCo Annual Report 2023 1
• Laying the groundwork for the future of the business
• Announcing the third year of our Positive Agriculture
and our industry, becoming the first consumer
packaged goods company to collaborate with the
Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial
Intelligence to shape responsible and ethical AI
standards around consumer goods and retail.
We’re also continuing to transform our portfolio with new
innovations and more positive choices for consumers.
These include:
• Launching Starry, our new lemon-lime soda, as well
as mini-snacks canisters and new Beyond the Bottle
solutions with Gatorade;
• Introducing our new Pepsi visual identity;
• Refreshing and extending our lineup of bold flavor
profiles across large brands with Flamin’ Hot
and Doritos;
• Reducing sodium in some of our biggest brands like
Lay’s Classic, Doritos Nacho Cheese, and Cheetos
Crunchy in the U.S.; Sabritas Adobadas in Mexico;
and Walkers in the U.K.; and
• Reducing added sugars and expanding our
zero sugar offerings across our beverage
portfolio, with Pepsi Zero Sugar now available in
121 international markets.
People and Planet at the Center
As we work to grow our business and deliver best-in-class
performance, we continue to make sure we are a company
that has a positive impact beyond our financials.
In 2023, pep+ remained our North Star, and we made
progress across its three core pillars: Positive Agriculture,
Positive Value Chain, and Positive Choices.
Positive Agriculture:
• Forging industry-leading partnerships to advance
our goal of adopting regenerative agriculture
practices across seven million acres worldwide,
roughly the size of our agricultural footprint. This
includes a collaboration with Walmart to cover
more than two million acres of farmland in the U.S.
and Canada, as well as strategic partnerships with
three of the most well-respected U.S. farmer-facing
organizations — Practical Farmers of Iowa, the Soil and
Water Outcomes Fund, and the Illinois Corn Growers
Association; and
Outcomes Accelerator with investments in
projects across nine countries that support farmer
livelihoods, help scale sustainable innovations, and
accelerate the spread of regenerative agriculture.
Positive Value Chain:
• Introducing more sustainable packaging solutions,
with 31 markets having at least one product
packaged with 100% rPET;
• Continuing to scale new business models that
require little or no single-use packaging, allowing
users to personalize their choices in reusable
containers at home or on the go through
SodaStream and expanding Beyond the Bottle
at Gatorade and Propel with enhancers, tablets,
and powders;
• Opening an industry-leading Greenhouse Learning
Center for the Frito-Lay and Quaker Research
and Development teams to study compostable
packaging, aimed at speeding up the rate of
innovation for packaging solutions;
• Launching pep+ Partners for Tomorrow to help our
partners achieve their own sustainability goals,
bringing PepsiCo’s comprehensive customer
sustainability offerings under a single umbrella;
• Advancing our Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
agenda around our people to reflect the
communities where we operate, including reaching
45% women in management roles globally, while
increasing U.S. Black and Hispanic representation at
the manager level to 9.2% and 10.3%, respectively.
We also continued to strengthen our ability to hire,
develop, and retain the best and brightest talent,
supporting our business partners, while helping to
build an inclusive supply chain and create economic
opportunity in the communities we serve;
• Continuing to focus on investing in our
employees — both frontline and professional — and
providing more opportunities for career
advancement; and
• Creating smiles in our communities through the
PepsiCo Foundation, investing $47.4 million in more
than 40 countries to help unlock access to nutritious
food, safe water, and economic opportunity.
2 PepsiCo Annual Report 2023
Positive Choices:
• Positive Choices:
• Continuing to transform our portfolio with new goals
to further reduce sodium and deliver 145 billion
portions of diverse ingredients such as legumes,
whole grains, plant-based proteins, fruits, vegetables,
and nuts and seeds annually by 2030; and
• Expanding the variety of positive choice offerings
with our air popped, baked, reduced fat, lightly salted,
and Simply branded products, as well as smaller
pack sizes.
Performing to Our Potential
From our investments in long-term growth to our actions
to build a more resilient and sustainable world, we are
proud of our progress in 2023 — a challenging year,
defined in many ways by economic instability, geopolitical
tensions, high inflation, and a tight labor market. We have
proven we can navigate these challenges well. The next
few years will no doubt bring new and different challenges,
and the landscape will continue to evolve. To remain an
industry leader, we must continue to evolve too, seizing
new opportunities.
We’re coming from a position of strength: we’ve spent
a lot of time and resources building up our technology,
our world class talent, our brands, and our capabilities.
Now, we need to do the hard work of building on some
very strong years to perform to our full potential in 2024
and beyond.
To achieve profitable growth in the years ahead, we
will work to accelerate our growth in North America
($55 billion in 2023 reported net revenue) by capturing
new consumer needs and occasions, and we’ll continue
to scale our International business ($36 billion in 2023
reported net revenue) by broadening our presence
and availability in key markets where there are many
opportunities to develop our categories.
Central to our growth strategy will be building up core
capabilities, including:
• Advancing consumer-centric innovation by offering
more positive choices, delivering new flavors and
packaging options, building new ways for consumers
to connect with our brands across different
occasions, providing opportunities to customize and
personalize products, and extending our brands into
new channels;
• Digitalizing our company by leveraging cutting-
edge technologies, such as artificial intelligence
and machine learning, to gain more consumer
insights and analytics, develop faster and more
agile forecasting, and deliver better execution and
performance from the plant to the shelf; and
• Accelerating and expanding our productivity, with
more automation at our plants and warehouses
to empower frontline decision-making, greater
optimization across our transportation and fleet
network, and greater focus on cost management and
eliminating waste.
I am more confident than ever that our Winning with
pep+ strategy is the right one to achieve these goals
and make us an even Faster, even Stronger, and even
Better company.
We have the right team to get us there. Our people are the
key to our success, and I am proud of our leaders and our
associates who continue to deliver exceptional results in a
dynamic and complex operating environment.
I’d like to also extend my gratitude to our partners and
suppliers around the world for showing us what best-
in-class collaboration looks like. With their continued
support — and the support of all our stakeholders — we
will be well-positioned to achieve our goals for 2024 and
move closer to performing to our full potential.
Thank you for your continued support and for trusting us
with your investment.
Ramon L. Laguarta
PepsiCo Chairman of the
Board of Directors and
Chief Executive Officer
PepsiCo Annual Report 2023 3
PEPSICO BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Segun Agbaje
Group Chief Executive
Officer, Guaranty Trust
Holding Company Plc
(GTCO Plc)
Elected 2020
Jennifer Bailey
Vice President, Internet
Services, Apple Pay,
Apple, Inc.
Elected 2023
Cesar Conde
Chairman,
NBCUniversal News Group
Elected 2016
Ian Cook
Former Chairman, President
and Chief Executive Officer,
Colgate-Palmolive Company
Elected 2008
Edith W. Cooper
Former Executive Vice
President and Global
Head, Human Capital
Management, The Goldman
Sachs Group, Inc.
Elected 2021
Susan M. Diamond
Chief Financial Officer,
Humana, Inc.
Elected 2023
Dina Dublon
Former Executive
Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer,
JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Elected 2005
Michelle Gass
President and Chief
Executive Officer,
Levi Strauss & Co.
Elected 2019
Ramon L. Laguarta
Chairman of the Board
of Directors and Chief
Executive Officer, PepsiCo
Elected 2018
Sir Dave J. Lewis
Former Group Chief
Executive Officer, Tesco PLC;
Chair, Haleon plc;
Chairman of Xlinks
Elected 2020
PEPSICO LEADERSHIP
This list is as of March 22, 2024.
David C. Page, MD
Professor, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology;
Former Director and
President, Whitehead
Institute for Biomedical
Research
Elected 2014
Robert C. Pohlad
President of various
family-owned entities;
Former Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer,
PepsiAmericas, Inc.
Elected 2015
Daniel Vasella, MD
Former Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer,
Novartis AG
Elected 2002
Darren Walker
President, Ford Foundation
Elected 2016
Alberto Weisser
Former Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer,
Bunge Limited
Elected 2011
See pages 27–29 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K
for a list of PepsiCo Executive Officers subject to
Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
This list is as of March 22, 2024.
Ramon L. Laguarta
Chairman of the Board
of Directors and Chief
Executive Officer
David J. Flavell
Executive Vice President,
General Counsel and
Corporate Secretary
Ram Krishnan
Chief Executive Officer,
PepsiCo Beverages North
America
Jim Andrew
Executive Vice President
and Chief Sustainability
Officer
Athina Kanioura
Executive Vice President
and Chief Strategy and
Transformation Officer
James T. Caulfield
Executive Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer
Stephen Kehoe
Executive Vice President,
Chief Corporate Affairs
Officer and Chairman of
the Board of Directors,
PepsiCo Foundation
René Lammers
Executive Vice President
and Chief Science Officer
Silviu Popovici
Chief Executive Officer,
Europe
Gregg Roden
Executive Vice President
and Chief Operations
Officer
Paula Santilli
Chief Executive Officer,
Latin America
Becky Schmitt
Executive Vice President
and Chief Human
Resources Officer
Wern-Yuen Tan
Chief Executive Officer,
Asia Pacific, Australia, New
Zealand and China, and
Chief Commercial Officer
Jane Wakely
Executive Vice President,
Chief Consumer and
Marketing Officer and
Chief Growth Officer,
International Foods
Eugene Willemsen
Chief Executive Officer,
Africa, Middle East, South
Asia, and International
Beverages
Steven Williams
Chief Executive Officer,
PepsiCo Foods North
America
2023 Citizenship
Giving
PepsiCo Foundation
Corporate Contributions
Division Contributions
Division Estimated In-kind
Total
4 PepsiCo Annual Report 2023
(in millions)
$47
7
23
108
$185
2023 Diversity
Statistics
Board of Directors
Senior Executives 3
Executives
All Managers
All Employees
Women %
(Global)
People of Color 1 %
(U.S. Only)
33%
27%
41%
45%
27%
40% 2
38%
32%
34%
49%
The data in this chart is as of December 30, 2023.
1. Based on completed self-identification forms. Defined as ethnically/racially
diverse individuals.
2. Global.
3. Composed of PepsiCo Executive Officers subject to Section 16 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
PepsiCo, Inc.
Annual Report 2023
Form 10-K
For the fiscal year ended December 30, 2023
Page intentionally left blank
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
☒
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 30, 2023
OR
☐
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For the transition period from to
Commission file number 1-1183
PepsiCo, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
North Carolina
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)
13-1584302
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
700 Anderson Hill Road, Purchase, New York 10577
(Address of principal executive offices and Zip Code)
(914) 253-2000
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:
Title of each class
Common Stock, par value 1-2/3 cents per share
0.250% Senior Notes Due 2024
2.625% Senior Notes Due 2026
0.750% Senior Notes Due 2027
0.875% Senior Notes Due 2028
0.500% Senior Notes Due 2028
3.200% Senior Notes Due 2029
1.125% Senior Notes Due 2031
0.400% Senior Notes Due 2032
0.750% Senior Notes Due 2033
3.550% Senior Notes Due 2034
0.875% Senior Notes Due 2039
1.050% Senior Notes Due 2050
Trading Symbols
PEP
PEP24
PEP26
PEP27
PEP28
PEP28A
PEP29
PEP31
PEP32
PEP33
PEP34
PEP39
PEP50
Name of each exchange on which registered
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☒ No ¨
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports),
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller
reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller
reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
☒
☐
Accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
☐
☐
☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness
of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered
public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the
registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based
compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
The aggregate market value of PepsiCo, Inc. Common Stock held by nonaffiliates of PepsiCo, Inc. (assuming for these purposes, but
without conceding, that all executive officers and directors of PepsiCo, Inc. are affiliates of PepsiCo, Inc.) as of June 16, 2023, the last
day of business of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was $255.9 billion (based on the closing sale price of PepsiCo,
Inc.’s Common Stock on that date as reported on the Nasdaq Global Select Market).
The number of shares of PepsiCo, Inc. Common Stock outstanding as of February 2, 2024 was 1,374,429,271.
Documents Incorporated by Reference
Portions of the Proxy Statement relating to PepsiCo, Inc.’s 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into
Part III of this Form 10-K.
PepsiCo, Inc.Form 10-K Annual ReportFor the Fiscal Year Ended December 30, 2023 Table of Contents PART IItem 1.Business2Item 1A.Risk Factors11Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments24Item 1C. Cybersecurity24Item 2.Properties26Item 3.Legal Proceedings27Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures27PART IIItem 5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities30Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations31Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk119Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data119Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure119Item 9A.Controls and Procedures119Item 9B.Other Information120Item 9C.Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections120PART IIIItem 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance120Item 11.Executive Compensation121Item 12.Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters121Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence121Item 14.Principal Accounting Fees and Services121PART IVItem 15.Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules122Item 16.Form 10-K Summary1221 Forward-Looking Statements
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains statements reflecting our views about our future performance
that constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation
Reform Act of 1995 (Reform Act). Statements that constitute forward-looking statements within the
meaning of the Reform Act are generally identified through the inclusion of words such as “aim,”
“anticipate,” “believe,” “drive,” “estimate,” “expect,” “expressed confidence,” “forecast,” “future,”
“goal,” “guidance,” “intend,” “may,” “objective,” “outlook,” “plan,” “position,” “potential,”
“project,” “seek,” “should,” “strategy,” “target,” “will” or similar statements or variations of such
words and other similar expressions. All statements addressing our future operating performance, and
statements addressing events and developments that we expect or anticipate will occur in the future, are
forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Reform Act. These forward-looking statements are
based on currently available information, operating plans and projections about future events and trends.
They inherently involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from
those predicted in any such forward-looking statement. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not
limited to, those described in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Our Business – Our Business Risks.”
Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which speak
only as of the date they are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement,
whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. The discussion of risks in this report is
by no means all-inclusive but is designed to highlight what we believe are important factors to consider
when evaluating our future performance.
Item 1. Business.
PART I
When used in this report, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “PepsiCo” and the “Company” mean PepsiCo, Inc.
and its consolidated subsidiaries, collectively. Certain terms used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are
defined in the Glossary included in Item 7. of this report.
Company Overview
We were incorporated in Delaware in 1919 and reincorporated in North Carolina in 1986. We are a
leading global beverage and convenient food company with a complementary portfolio of brands,
including Lay’s, Doritos, Cheetos, Gatorade, Pepsi-Cola, Mountain Dew, Quaker and SodaStream.
Through our operations, authorized bottlers, contract manufacturers and other third parties, we make,
market, distribute and sell a wide variety of beverages and convenient foods, serving customers and
consumers in more than 200 countries and territories.
Our Operations
We are organized into seven reportable segments (also referred to as divisions), as follows:
1) Frito-Lay North America (FLNA), which includes our branded convenient food businesses in the
United States and Canada;
2) Quaker Foods North America (QFNA), which includes our branded convenient food businesses,
such as cereal, rice, pasta and other branded food, in the United States and Canada;
3) PepsiCo Beverages North America (PBNA), which includes our beverage businesses in the United
States and Canada;
4) Latin America (LatAm), which includes all of our beverage and convenient food businesses in
Latin America;
5) Europe, which includes all of our beverage and convenient food businesses in Europe;
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6) Africa, Middle East and South Asia (AMESA), which includes all of our beverage and convenient
food businesses in Africa, the Middle East and South Asia; and
7) Asia Pacific, Australia and New Zealand and China Region (APAC), which includes all of our
beverage and convenient food businesses in Asia Pacific, Australia and New Zealand, and China
region.
Frito-Lay North America
Either independently or in conjunction with third parties, FLNA makes, markets, distributes and sells
branded convenient foods. These foods include branded dips, Cheetos cheese-flavored snacks, Doritos
tortilla chips, Fritos corn chips, Lay’s potato chips, Ruffles potato chips and Tostitos tortilla chips.
FLNA’s branded products are sold to independent distributors and retailers. In addition, FLNA’s joint
venture with Strauss Group makes, markets, distributes and sells Sabra refrigerated dips and spreads.
Quaker Foods North America
Either independently or in conjunction with third parties, QFNA makes, markets, distributes and sells
branded convenient foods, which include cereals, rice, pasta and other branded products. QFNA’s
products include Cap’n Crunch cereal, Life cereal, Pearl Milling Company syrups and mixes, Quaker
Chewy granola bars, Quaker grits, Quaker oatmeal, Quaker rice cakes, Quaker Simply Granola and Rice-
A-Roni side dishes. QFNA’s branded products are sold to independent distributors and retailers.
PepsiCo Beverages North America
Either independently or in conjunction with third parties, PBNA makes, markets and sells beverage
concentrates, fountain syrups and finished goods under various beverage brands including Aquafina,
Bubly, Diet Mountain Dew, Diet Pepsi, Gatorade, Gatorade Zero, Mountain Dew, Pepsi and Propel.
PBNA operates its own bottling plants and distribution facilities and sells branded finished goods directly
to independent distributors and retailers. PBNA also sells concentrate and finished goods for our brands to
authorized and independent bottlers, who in turn sell our branded finished goods to independent
distributors and retailers in certain markets. PBNA also, either independently or in conjunction with third
parties, makes, markets, distributes and sells ready-to-drink tea and coffee products through joint ventures
with Unilever (under the Lipton brand name) and Starbucks, respectively. Further, PBNA manufactures
and distributes certain brands licensed from Keurig Dr Pepper Inc., including Crush, Dr Pepper and
Schweppes, and certain juice brands licensed from Dole Food Company, Inc. and Ocean Spray
Cranberries, Inc. In 2022, PBNA began to distribute Hard MTN Dew, an alcoholic beverage manufactured
and owned by the Boston Beer Company. In the first quarter of 2022, we sold our Tropicana, Naked and
other select juice brands to PAI Partners, while retaining a 39% noncontrolling interest in a newly formed
joint venture, Tropicana Brands Group (TBG), operating across North America and Europe (Juice
Transaction). In the United States, PepsiCo acts as the exclusive distributor for TBG’s portfolio of brands
for small-format and foodservice customers with chilled direct-store-delivery (DSD). See Note 13 to our
consolidated financial statements for further information.
Latin America
Either independently or in conjunction with third parties, LatAm makes, markets, distributes and sells a
number of convenient food brands including Cheetos, Doritos, Emperador, Lay’s, Marias Gamesa,
Ruffles, Sabritas, Saladitas and Tostitos, as well as many Quaker-branded convenient foods. LatAm also,
either independently or in conjunction with third parties, makes, markets, distributes and sells beverage
concentrates, fountain syrups and finished goods under various beverage brands including 7UP, Diet 7UP,
Gatorade, H2oh!, Manzanita Sol, Mirinda, Pepsi, Pepsi Black, San Carlos and Toddy. These branded
products are sold to authorized and independent bottlers, independent distributors and retailers. LatAm
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also, either independently or in conjunction with third parties, makes, markets, distributes and sells ready-
to-drink tea products through an international joint venture with Unilever (under the Lipton brand name).
Europe
Either independently or in conjunction with third parties, Europe makes, markets, distributes and sells a
number of convenient food brands including Cheetos, Doritos, Lay’s, Ruffles and Walkers, as well as
many Quaker-branded convenient foods, through consolidated businesses, as well as through
noncontrolled affiliates. Europe also, either independently or in conjunction with third parties, makes,
markets, distributes and sells beverage concentrates, fountain syrups and finished goods under various
beverage brands including 7UP, Diet Pepsi, Lubimyj Sad, Mirinda, Pepsi and Pepsi Max. These branded
products are sold to authorized and independent bottlers, independent distributors and retailers. In certain
markets, however, Europe operates its own bottling plants and distribution facilities. Europe also, as part
of its beverage business, manufactures and distributes SodaStream sparkling water makers and related
products. Further, Europe makes, markets, distributes and sells a number of dairy products including
Agusha, Chudo and Domik v Derevne. Europe also, either independently or in conjunction with third
parties, makes, markets, distributes and sells ready-to-drink tea products through an international joint
venture with Unilever (under the Lipton brand name). In the first quarter of 2022, we sold our Tropicana,
Naked and other select juice brands to PAI Partners, while retaining a 39% noncontrolling interest in
TBG, operating across North America and Europe. See Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements
for further information.
Africa, Middle East and South Asia
Either independently or in conjunction with third parties, AMESA makes, markets, distributes and sells a
number of convenient food brands including Cheetos, Chipsy, Doritos, Kurkure, Lay’s, Sasko, Spekko
and White Star, as well as many Quaker-branded convenient foods, through consolidated businesses, as
well as through noncontrolled affiliates. AMESA also makes, markets, distributes and sells beverage
concentrates, fountain syrups and finished goods under various beverage brands including 7UP, Aquafina,
Mirinda, Mountain Dew and Pepsi. These branded products are sold to authorized and independent
bottlers, independent distributors and retailers. In certain markets, however, AMESA operates its own
bottling plants and distribution facilities. AMESA also, either independently or in conjunction with third
parties, makes, markets, distributes and sells ready-to-drink tea products through an international joint
venture with Unilever (under the Lipton brand name).
Asia Pacific, Australia and New Zealand and China Region
Either independently or in conjunction with third parties, APAC makes, markets, distributes and sells a
number of convenient food brands including BaiCaoWei, Cheetos, Doritos, Lay’s and Smith’s, as well as
many Quaker-branded convenient foods, through consolidated businesses, as well as through
noncontrolled affiliates. APAC also makes, markets, distributes and sells beverage concentrates, fountain
syrups and finished goods under various beverage brands including 7UP, Aquafina, Mirinda, Mountain
Dew, Pepsi and Sting. These branded products are sold to authorized and independent bottlers,
independent distributors and retailers. APAC also, either independently or in conjunction with third
parties, makes, markets, distributes and sells ready-to-drink tea products through an international joint
venture with Unilever (under the Lipton brand name).
Our Distribution Network
Our products are primarily brought to market through DSD, customer warehouse and distributor networks
and are also sold directly to consumers through e-commerce platforms and retailers. The distribution
system used depends on customer needs, product characteristics and local trade practices.
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Direct-Store-Delivery
We, our independent bottlers and our distributors operate DSD systems that deliver beverages and
convenient foods directly to retail stores where the products are merchandised by our employees or our
independent bottlers. DSD enables us to merchandise with maximum visibility and appeal. DSD is
especially well-suited to products that are restocked often and respond to in-store promotion and
merchandising.
Customer Warehouse
Some of our products are delivered from our manufacturing plants and distribution centers, both company
and third-party operated, to customer warehouses. These less costly systems generally work best for
products that are less fragile and perishable, and have lower turnover.
Distributor Networks
We distribute many of our products through third-party distributors. Third-party distributors are
particularly effective when greater distribution reach can be achieved by including a wide range of
products on the delivery vehicles. For example, our foodservice and vending business distributes
beverages and convenient foods to restaurants, businesses, schools and stadiums through third-party
foodservice and vending distributors and operators.
E-commerce
Our products are also available and sold directly to consumers on a growing number of company-owned
and third-party e-commerce websites and mobile commerce applications.
Ingredients and Other Supplies
The principal ingredients we use in our beverage and convenient food products are acesulfame potassium,
aspartame, corn, corn sweeteners, flavorings, flour, juice concentrates, oats, potatoes, raw milk, rice,
seasonings, sucralose, sugar, vegetable and essential oils, and wheat. We also use water in the
manufacturing of our products. Our key packaging materials include plastic resins, including polyethylene
terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene resins used for plastic beverage bottles and film packaging used for
convenient foods, aluminum, glass, closures, cardboard and paperboard cartons. In addition, we continue
to integrate recyclability into our product development process and support the increased use of recycled
content, including recycled PET, in our packaging. Fuel, electricity and natural gas are also important
commodities for our businesses due to their use in our and our business partners’ facilities and the vehicles
delivering our products. We employ specialists to secure adequate supplies of many of these items and
have not experienced any significant continuous shortages that would prevent us from meeting our
requirements. Many of these ingredients, raw materials and commodities are purchased in the open
market. The prices we pay for such items are subject to fluctuation, and we manage this risk through the
use of fixed-price contracts and purchase orders, pricing agreements and derivative instruments, including
swaps and futures. In addition, risk to our supply of certain raw materials is mitigated through purchases
from multiple geographies and suppliers. When prices increase, we may or may not pass on such increases
to our customers. In addition, we continue to make investments to improve the sustainability and resources
of our agricultural supply chain, including the development of our initiative to advance sustainable
farming practices by our suppliers and expanding it further globally. During 2023, we continued to
experience increased commodity, packaging and other input costs and, in some instances, supply
constraints related to the deadly conflict in Ukraine, the inflationary cost environment, adverse weather
conditions, supply chain disruptions and labor shortages, which may continue into fiscal 2024. See Note 9
to our consolidated financial statements for further information on how we manage our exposure to
commodity prices.
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We also maintain voluntary supply chain finance agreements with several participating global financial
institutions, pursuant to which our suppliers, at their sole discretion, may elect to sell their accounts
receivable with PepsiCo to such global financial institutions. These agreements did not have a material
impact on our business or financial results. See “Our Financial Results – Our Liquidity and Capital
Resources” in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations” and Note 14 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.
Our Brands and Intellectual Property Rights
We own numerous valuable trademarks which are essential to our worldwide businesses, including
Agusha, Amp Energy, Aquafina, Aquafina Flavorsplash, Arto Lifewtr, Baja Blast, BaiCaoWei, Bare,
Bokomo, Bubly, Cap’n Crunch, Ceres, Cheetos, Chester’s, Chipsy, Chokis, Chudo, Cracker Jack,
Crunchy, Diet Mountain Dew, Diet Mug, Diet Pepsi, Diet 7UP (outside the United States), Domik v
Derevne, Doritos, Driftwell, Duyvis, Elma Chips, Emperador, Evolve, Fast Twitch, Frito-Lay, Fritos,
Fruktovy Sad, G2, Gamesa, Gatorade, Gatorade Fit, Gatorade Zero, Gatorlyte, Grandma’s, H2oh!, Hard
MTN Dew, Health Warrior, Imunele, J7, Kas, Kurkure, Lay’s, Life, Lifewtr, Liquifruit, Lubimyj Sad,
Manzanita Sol, Marias Gamesa, Matutano, Mirinda, Miss Vickie’s, Moirs, Mother’s, Mountain Dew,
Mountain Dew Code Red, Mountain Dew Game Fuel, Mountain Dew Kickstart, Mountain Dew Zero
Sugar, MTN Dew Energy, Mug, Munchies, Muscle Milk, Near East, Off the Eaten Path, Paso de los
Toros, Pasta Roni, Pearl Milling Company, Pepsi, Pepsi Black, Pepsi Max, Pepsi Zero Sugar, PopCorners,
Pronutro, Propel, Quaker, Quaker Chewy, Quaker Simply Granola, Rice-A-Roni, Rockstar Energy, Rold
Gold, Ruffles, Sabritas, Safari, Sakata, Saladitas Gamesa, San Carlos, Sandora, Santitas, Sasko, 7UP
(outside the United States), 7UP Free (outside the United States), Simba, Smartfood, Smith’s, Snack a
Jacks, SoBe, SodaStream, Sonric’s, Spekko, Stacy’s, Starry, Starry Zero Sugar, Sting, Stubborn Soda,
SunChips, Toddy, Toddynho, Tostitos, V Water, Vesely Molochnik, Walkers, Weetbix, White Star, Ya
and Yachak. We also hold long-term licenses to use valuable trademarks in connection with our products
in certain markets, including Ocean Spray. We also distribute Celsius energy drinks and various Keurig Dr
Pepper Inc. brands, including Dr Pepper in certain markets, Crush and Schweppes. Joint ventures in which
we have an ownership interest either own or have the right to use certain trademarks, such as Lipton,
Sabra and Starbucks. In addition, in the first quarter of 2022, we sold our Tropicana, Naked and other
select juice brands to PAI Partners, while retaining a 39% noncontrolling interest in TBG, operating across
North America and Europe. In the United States, PepsiCo acts as the exclusive distributor for TBG’s
portfolio of brands for small-format and foodservice customers with chilled DSD. See Note 13 to our
consolidated financial statements for further information. In 2022, we began to distribute Hard MTN Dew,
an alcoholic beverage manufactured and owned by the Boston Beer Company. We have licensed the use
of the Hard MTN Dew trademark to the Boston Beer Company, which has appointed us as their distributor
for this product. Trademarks remain valid so long as they are used properly for identification purposes,
and we emphasize correct use of our trademarks. We have authorized, through licensing arrangements, the
use of many of our trademarks in such contexts as convenient food joint ventures and beverage bottling
appointments. In addition, we license the use of our trademarks on merchandise that is sold at retail, which
enhances brand awareness.
We either own or have licenses to use a number of patents which relate to certain of our products, their
packaging, the processes for their production and the design and operation of various equipment used in
our businesses. Some of these patents are licensed to others.
Seasonality
Our businesses are affected by seasonal variations. Our beverage and convenient food sales are generally
highest in the third quarter due to seasonal and holiday-related patterns and generally lowest in the first
quarter. However, taken as a whole, seasonality has not had a material impact on our consolidated
financial results.
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Our Customers
Our customers include wholesale and other distributors, foodservice customers, grocery stores, drug
stores, convenience stores, discount/dollar stores, mass merchandisers, membership stores, hard
discounters, e-commerce retailers and authorized independent bottlers, among others. We normally grant
our independent bottlers exclusive contracts to sell and manufacture certain beverage products bearing our
trademarks within a specific geographic area. These arrangements provide us with the right to charge our
independent bottlers for concentrate, finished goods and Aquafina royalties and specify the manufacturing
process required for product quality. We also grant distribution rights to our independent bottlers for
certain beverage products bearing our trademarks for specified geographic areas.
We rely on and provide financial incentives to our customers to assist in the distribution and promotion of
our products to the consumer. For our independent distributors and retailers, these incentives include
volume-based rebates, product placement fees, promotions and displays. For our independent bottlers,
these incentives are referred to as bottler funding and are negotiated annually with each bottler to support
a variety of trade and consumer programs, such as consumer incentives, advertising support, new product
support, and vending and cooler equipment placement. Consumer incentives include pricing discounts and
promotions, and other promotional offers. Advertising support is directed at advertising programs and
supporting independent bottler media. New product support includes targeted consumer and retailer
incentives and direct marketplace support, such as point-of-purchase materials, product placement fees,
media and advertising. Vending and cooler equipment placement programs support the acquisition and
placement of vending machines and cooler equipment. The nature and type of programs vary annually.
Changes to the retail landscape, including increased consolidation of retail ownership, the continued
growth of sales through e-commerce websites and mobile commerce applications, including through
subscription services and other direct-to-consumer businesses, the integration of physical and digital
operations among retailers, as well as the international expansion of hard discounters, and the current
economic environment continue to increase the importance of major customers. In 2023, sales to Walmart
Inc. (Walmart) and its affiliates, including Sam’s Club (Sam’s), represented approximately 14% of our
consolidated net revenue, with sales reported across all of our divisions, including concentrate sales to our
independent bottlers, which were used in finished goods sold by them to Walmart. The loss of this
customer would have a material adverse effect on our FLNA, QFNA and PBNA divisions.
Our Competition
Our beverage and convenient food products are in highly competitive categories and markets and compete
against products of international beverage and convenient food companies that, like us, operate in multiple
geographies, as well as regional, local and private label manufacturers and economy brands and other
competitors, including smaller companies developing and selling micro brands directly to consumers
through e-commerce platforms or through retailers focused on locally-sourced products. In many countries
in which our products are sold, including the United States, The Coca-Cola Company is our primary
beverage competitor. Other beverage and convenient food competitors include, but are not limited to,
Campbell Soup Company, Conagra Brands, Inc., Hormel Foods Corporation, Kellanova, Keurig Dr
Pepper Inc., The Kraft Heinz Company, Link Snacks, Inc., Mondelēz International, Inc., Monster
Beverage Corporation, Nestlé S.A., Red Bull GmbH and Utz Brands, Inc.
Many of our convenient food products hold significant leadership positions in the convenient food
industry in the United States and worldwide. In 2023, we and The Coca-Cola Company represented
approximately 19% and 20%, respectively, of the U.S. liquid refreshment beverage category by estimated
retail sales in measured channels, according to Information Resources, Inc. However, The Coca-Cola
Company has significant carbonated soft drink (CSD) share advantage in many markets outside the United
States.
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Our beverage and convenient food products compete primarily on the basis of brand recognition and
loyalty, taste, price, value, quality, product variety, innovation, distribution, shelf space, advertising,
marketing and promotional activity (including digital), packaging, convenience, service and the ability to
anticipate and effectively respond to consumer preferences and trends, including increased consumer
focus on health and wellness and sustainability and the continued acceleration of e-commerce and other
methods of distributing and purchasing products. Success in this competitive environment is dependent on
effective promotion of existing products, effective introduction of new products and reformulations of
existing products, increased efficiency in production techniques, effective incorporation of technology and
digital tools across all areas of our business, the effectiveness of our advertising campaigns, marketing
programs, product packaging and pricing, new vending and dispensing equipment and brand and
trademark development and protection. We believe that the strength of our brands, innovation and
marketing, coupled with the quality of our products and flexibility of our distribution network, allows us
to compete effectively.
Research and Development
We engage in a variety of research and development activities and invest in innovation globally with the
goal of meeting the needs of our customers and consumers and accelerating growth. These activities
principally involve: innovations focused on creating consumer preferred products to grow and transform
our portfolio through development of new technologies, ingredients, flavors and substrates; development
and improvement of our manufacturing processes, including reductions in cost and environmental
footprint; implementing product improvements to our global portfolio that reduce added sugars, sodium or
saturated fat; offering more products with functional ingredients and positive nutrition including legumes,
whole grains, fruits and vegetables, nuts and seeds, dairy, protein (including plant-based proteins), fiber,
micronutrients and hydration; development of packaging technology and new package designs, including
reducing the amount of plastic in our packaging and developing recyclable, compostable, biodegradable,
reusable or otherwise sustainable packaging; development of marketing, merchandising and dispensing
equipment; further expanding our beyond the bottle portfolio including innovation for our SodaStream
business; investments in technology and digitalization, including artificial intelligence and data analytics
to enhance our consumer insights and research; continuing to strengthen our omnichannel capabilities,
particularly in e-commerce; and efforts focused on reducing our impact on the environment, including
reducing water use in our operations and our agricultural practices and reducing our environmental impact
in our operations throughout our value chain.
Our research centers are located around the world, including in Brazil, China, India, Ireland, Mexico,
Russia, South Africa, the United Kingdom and the United States, and leverage consumer insights, food
science and engineering to meet our strategy to continually innovate our portfolio of beverages and
convenient foods.
Regulatory Matters
The conduct of our businesses, including the production, storage, distribution, sale, display, advertising,
marketing, labeling, content, quality, safety, transportation, packaging, disposal, recycling and use of our
products, as well as our employment and occupational health and safety practices and protection of
personal information, are subject to various laws and regulations administered by federal, state and local
governmental agencies in the United States, as well as to laws and regulations administered by
government entities and agencies in the more than 200 other countries and territories in which our
products are made, manufactured, distributed or sold. It is our policy to abide by the laws and regulations
around the world that apply to our businesses.
The U.S. laws and regulations that we are subject to include, but are not limited to: the Federal Food, Drug
and Cosmetic Act and various state laws governing food safety and food labeling; the Food Safety
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Modernization Act; the Occupational Safety and Health Act and various state laws and regulations
governing workplace health and safety; various federal, state and local environmental protection laws, as
discussed below; the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Act; the Federal Trade Commission Act; the Lanham
Act and various state law statutory and common law duties regarding false advertising; various federal and
state laws and regulations governing competition and trade practices, including the Robinson-Patman Act
and the Clayton Act; various federal and state laws and regulations governing our employment practices,
including those related to equal employment opportunity, such as the Equal Employment Opportunity Act
and the National Labor Relations Act and those related to overtime compensation, such as the Fair Labor
Standards Act; various state and federal laws pertaining to sale and distribution of alcohol beverages; data
privacy and personal data protection laws and regulations, including the California Consumer Privacy Act
of 2018 (as modified by the California Privacy Rights Act); customs and foreign trade laws and
regulations, including laws regarding the import or export of our products or ingredients used in our
products and tariffs; laws regulating the sale of certain of our products in schools; laws regulating the
ingredients or substances contained in, or attributes of, our products; laws regulating our supply chain,
including the 2010 California Transparency in Supply Chains Act and laws relating to the payment of
taxes. We are also required to comply with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the Trade Sanctions
Reform and Export Enhancement Act. We are also subject to various state and local statutes and
regulations, including state consumer protection laws such as Proposition 65 in California, which requires
that a specific warning appear on any product that contains a substance listed by the State of California as
having been found to cause cancer or birth defects, unless the amount of such substance in the product is
below a safe harbor level.
We are subject to numerous similar and other laws and regulations outside the United States, including but
not limited to laws and regulations governing food safety, international trade and tariffs, supply chains,
including the U.K. Modern Slavery Act, occupational health and safety, competition, anti-corruption and
data privacy, including the European Union General Data Protection Regulation. In many jurisdictions,
compliance with competition laws is of special importance to us due to our competitive position in those
jurisdictions, as is compliance with anti-corruption laws, including the U.K. Bribery Act. We rely on legal
and operational compliance programs, as well as in-house and outside counsel and other experts, to guide
our businesses in complying with the laws and regulations around the world that apply to our businesses.
Certain jurisdictions have either imposed, or are considering imposing, new or increased taxes on the
manufacture, distribution or sale of our products, ingredients or substances contained in, or attributes of,
our products or commodities used in the production of our products. These taxes vary in scope and form:
some apply to all beverages, including non-caloric beverages, while others apply only to beverages with a
caloric sweetener (e.g., sugar). Similarly, some measures apply a single tax rate per ounce/liter on
beverages containing over a certain level of added sugar (or other sweetener) while others apply a
graduated tax rate depending upon the amount of added sugar (or other sweetener) in the beverage and
some apply a flat tax rate on beverages containing a particular substance or ingredient, regardless of the
level of such substance or ingredient.
Certain jurisdictions have either imposed, or are considering imposing, product labeling or warning
requirements or other limitations on the marketing or sale of certain of our products as a result of
ingredients or substances contained in such products or the audience to whom products are marketed.
These types of provisions have required that we highlight perceived concerns about a product, warn
consumers to avoid consumption of certain ingredients or substances present in our products, restrict the
age of consumers to whom products are marketed or sold, limit the location in which our products may be
available or discontinue the use of certain ingredients. It is possible that similar or more restrictive
requirements may be proposed or enacted in the future.
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Certain jurisdictions have either imposed or are considering imposing regulations designed to increase
recycling rates, encourage waste reduction, restrict the sale of products utilizing certain packaging or to
carry warnings about the environmental impact of plastic packaging. These regulations vary in scope and
form from deposit return systems designed to incentivize the return of beverage containers, to extended
producer responsibility policies and even restrictions or bans on the use of certain types of packaging,
including single-use plastics and packaging containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). It is
possible that similar or more restrictive requirements may be proposed or enacted in the future.
We are also subject to national and local environmental laws in the United States and in foreign countries
in which we do business, including laws related to water consumption and treatment, wastewater
discharge and air emissions. In the United States, we are subject to the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water
Act, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, the Resource
Conservation and Recovery Act and other federal, state and local laws and regulations regarding handling,
storage, release and disposal of wastes generated onsite and sent to third-party owned and operated offsite
licensed facilities. Our operations outside the United States are subject to similar laws and regulations. In
addition, continuing concern over environmental, social and governance matters, including climate
change, is expected to continue to result in new or increased legal and regulatory requirements (in or
outside of the United States) to reduce emissions to mitigate the potential effects of greenhouse gases, to
limit or impose additional costs on commercial water use due to local water scarcity concerns or to expand
mandatory reporting of certain environmental, social and governance metrics. Our policy is to abide by all
applicable environmental laws and regulations, and we have internal programs in place with respect to our
global environmental compliance. We have made, and plan to continue making, necessary expenditures
for compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations and to achieve our sustainability goals.
While these expenditures have not had a material impact on our business, financial condition or results of
operations to date, changes in environmental compliance requirements, and expenditures necessary to
comply with such requirements or to achieve our sustainability goals, could adversely affect our financial
performance. In addition, we and our subsidiaries are subject to environmental remediation obligations
arising in the normal course of business, as well as remediation and related indemnification obligations in
connection with certain historical activities and contractual obligations, including those of businesses or
properties acquired by us or our subsidiaries. While these environmental remediation and indemnification
obligations cannot be predicted with certainty, such obligations have not had, and are not expected to
have, a material impact on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position.
In addition to the discussion in this section, see also “Item 1A. Risk Factors.”
Human Capital
PepsiCo believes that human capital management, including attracting, developing and retaining a high
quality workforce, is critical to our long-term success. Our Board of Directors (Board) and its Committees
provide oversight on a broad range of human capital management topics, including corporate culture,
diversity, equity and inclusion, pay equity, health and safety, training and development and compensation
and benefits.
We employed approximately 318,000 people worldwide as of December 30, 2023, including
approximately 134,000 people within the United States. We are party to numerous collective bargaining
agreements and believe that relations with our employees are generally good.
Protecting the safety, health, and well-being of our associates around the world is PepsiCo’s top priority.
We strive to achieve an injury-free work environment. We also continue to invest in emerging
technologies to protect our employees from injuries, including leveraging fleet telematics and distracted
driving technology, resulting in reductions in road traffic incidents, and deploying ergonomic and machine
safety risk reduction solutions.
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We believe that our culture of diversity, equity and inclusion is a competitive advantage that fuels
innovation, enhances our ability to attract and retain talent and strengthens our reputation. We continually
strive to improve the attraction, retention, and advancement of diverse associates to ensure we sustain a
high-caliber pipeline of talent that also represents the communities we serve. As of December 30, 2023,
our global workforce was approximately 27% female, while management roles were approximately 45%
female. As of December 30, 2023, approximately 49% of our U.S. workforce was comprised of racially/
ethnically diverse individuals, of which approximately 34% of our U.S. associates in managerial roles
were racially/ethnically diverse individuals. The Board has overseen appointments of current direct reports
of our Chief Executive Officer, who include 7 executives globally who are racially/ethnically diverse and/
or female.
We are also committed to the continued growth and development of our associates. PepsiCo supports and
develops its associates through a variety of global training and development programs that build and
strengthen employees’ leadership and professional skills, including career development plans, mentoring
programs and in-house learning opportunities, such as PEP U Degreed, our internal global online learning
resource. In 2023, PepsiCo employees completed over 1.5 million hours of training.
Available Information
We are required to file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with
the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains
reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically
with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov.
Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K,
proxy statements and amendments to those documents filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or
15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), are also available free of
charge on our Internet site at http://www.pepsico.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports
are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC.
Investors should note that we currently announce material information to our investors and others using
filings with the SEC, press releases, public conference calls, webcasts or our corporate website
(www.pepsico.com), including news and announcements regarding our financial performance, key
personnel, our brands and our business strategy. Information that we post on our corporate website could
be deemed material to investors. We encourage investors, the media, our customers, consumers, business
partners and others interested in us to review the information we post on these channels. We may from
time to time update the list of channels we will use to communicate information that could be deemed
material and will post information about any such change on www.pepsico.com. The information on our
website is not, and shall not be deemed to be, a part hereof or incorporated into this or any of our other
filings with the SEC.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
The following risks, some of which have occurred and any of which may occur in the future, can have a
material adverse effect on our business or financial performance, which in turn can affect the price of our
publicly traded securities. These are not the only risks we face. There may be other risks we are not
currently aware of or that we currently deem not to be material but that may become material in the future.
Business Risks
Risks associated with the deadly conflict in Ukraine
The deadly conflict in Ukraine and related sanctions have continued to result in worldwide geopolitical
and macroeconomic uncertainty. The conflict has resulted and could continue to result in volatile
commodity markets, supply chain disruptions, increased risk of cyber incidents or other disruptions to our
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information systems, reputational risk, heightened risks to employee safety, business disruptions
(including labor shortages), significant volatility of the Russian ruble, limitations on access to credit
markets and other corporate banking services, including working capital facilities, reduced availability and
increased costs for transportation, energy, packaging and raw materials and other input costs,
environmental, health and safety risks related to securing and maintaining facilities, additional sanctions,
export controls and other legislation or regulations (including restrictions on the transfer of funds to and
from Russia). The ongoing conflict could result in the temporary or permanent loss of assets, including the
nationalization or expropriation of assets, result in additional impairment charges or significantly affect
our ability to manage our operations in these markets which could result in the deconsolidation of such
businesses. We cannot predict how and the extent to which the conflict will continue to affect our
employees, operations, customers, consumers or business partners or our ability to achieve certain of our
sustainability goals. The conflict has adversely affected and could continue to adversely affect demand for
our products and our global business.
Reduction in future demand for our products would adversely affect our business.
Demand for our products depends in part on our ability to innovate and anticipate and effectively respond
to shifts in consumer trends and preferences, including the types of products our consumers want and how
they browse for, purchase and consume them. Consumer preferences continuously evolve due to a variety
of factors, including: changes in consumer demographics, consumption patterns, diet (whether due to
changes in consumer behavior and eating habits, the use of weight-loss drugs or other factors) and channel
preferences (including continued increases in the e-commerce and online-to-offline channels); pricing;
product quality; concerns or perceptions regarding packaging and its environmental impact (such as
single-use and other plastic packaging); and concerns or perceptions regarding the nutrition profile and
health effects of, or location of origin of, ingredients or substances in our products or packaging, including
due to the results of third-party studies (whether or not scientifically valid). Concerns with any of the
foregoing could lead consumers to reduce or publicly boycott the purchase or consumption of our
products. Pandemics, epidemics or other disease outbreaks, such as COVID-19, and geopolitical events,
wars and other military conflicts have also impacted and could continue to impact consumer preferences
and demand for our products. Consumer preferences are also influenced by perception of our brand image
or the brand images of our products, the success of our advertising and marketing campaigns, our ability
to engage with our consumers in the manner they prefer, including through the use of digital media or
assets, and the perception of our use of social media and our response to political and social issues,
geopolitical events, wars and other military conflicts or catastrophic events. These and other factors have
reduced and could continue to reduce consumers’ willingness to purchase certain of our products,
including as a result of public boycotts. Any inability on our part to anticipate or react to changes in
consumer preferences and trends, or make the right strategic investments to do so, including investments
in data analytics to understand consumer trends, can lead to reduced demand for our products, lead to
inventory write-offs or erode our competitive and financial position, thereby adversely affecting our
business. In addition, our business operations, including our supply chain, are subject to disruption by
geopolitical events, wars and other military conflicts, natural disasters, pandemics, epidemics or other
events beyond our control that could negatively impact product availability and decrease demand for our
products if our crisis management plans do not effectively mitigate these issues.
Damage to our reputation or brand image can adversely affect our business.
Maintaining a positive reputation globally is critical to selling our products. Our reputation or brand image
has in the past been, and could in the future be, adversely impacted by a variety of factors, including: any
failure by us, our business partners, or other actors in the supply chain to maintain high ethical, business
and environmental, social and governance practices, including with respect to human rights, child labor,
diversity, equity and inclusion, workplace conditions and employee health and safety; any failure, or
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perception of a failure, to achieve our environmental, social and governance goals, or any negative
perception toward such goals, including with respect to the nutrition profile of our products, diversity,
equity and inclusion initiatives, packaging, water use and our impact on the environment; any failure to
address health or other concerns about our products, products we distribute (including alcoholic
beverages), or particular ingredients in our products, including concerns regarding whether certain of our
products contribute to obesity and other health conditions or an increase in public health costs; our
research and development efforts; any product quality or safety issues, including the recall of any of our
products; any failure to comply with laws and regulations; consumer perception of our advertising
campaigns, sponsorship arrangements, marketing programs, use of social media and our response to
political and social issues, geopolitical events, wars and other military conflicts or catastrophic events; or
any failure to effectively respond to negative or inaccurate comments about us on social media or
otherwise regarding any of the foregoing. Damage to our reputation or brand image has in the past and
could in the future decrease demand for our products, thereby adversely affecting our business.
Product recalls or other issues or concerns with respect to product quality and safety can adversely
affect our business.
We have recalled, and could in the future recall, products due to product quality or safety issues, including
actual or alleged mislabeling, misbranding, spoilage, undeclared allergens, adulteration or contamination.
Joint ventures in which we have an interest have also recalled, and could in the future recall, products for
the same or other reasons. Product recalls, including the voluntary recall of certain bars and cereals in our
QFNA division (Quaker Recall), have in the past and could in the future adversely affect our business by
resulting in losses due to their cost, the destruction of product inventory, customer fines and returns or lost
sales due to any unavailability of the product for a period of time. In addition, product quality or safety
issues have in the past and could in the future also reduce consumer confidence and demand for our
products, cause production and delivery disruptions, including as a result of temporary or permanent
closure of manufacturing plants or facilities, and result in increased costs (including payment of fines and/
or judgments, cleaning and remediation costs and legal fees, and costs associated with alternative sources
of production) and damage our reputation (or the reputation of joint ventures in which we have an
interest), particularly as we or our joint ventures continue to expand into new categories, all of which can
adversely affect our business. Any perception or allegation (whether or not valid) of failure to maintain
adequate oversight over product quality or safety can result in product recalls, litigation, government
investigations or inquiries or civil or criminal proceedings, all of which may result in fines, penalties,
damages or criminal liability. Our business can also be adversely affected if consumers lose confidence in
product quality, safety and integrity generally, even if such loss of confidence is unrelated to products in
our portfolio. In addition, while we currently maintain insurance coverage that, subject to its terms and
conditions, is intended to address costs associated with certain aspects of product recalls, this insurance
coverage may not, depending on the specific facts and circumstances surrounding an incident, cover all
losses or all types of claims that arise from an incident, or the damage to our reputation or brands that may
result from an incident.
Any inability to compete effectively can adversely affect our business.
Our products compete against products of international beverage and convenient food companies that, like
us, operate in multiple geographies, as well as regional, local and private label and economy brand
manufacturers and other competitors, including smaller companies developing and selling micro brands
directly to consumers through e-commerce platforms or through retailers focused on locally sourced
products. In many countries in which our products are sold, including the United States, The Coca-Cola
Company is our primary beverage competitor. Our products compete primarily on the basis of brand
recognition and loyalty, taste, price, value, quality, product variety, innovation, distribution, shelf space,
advertising, marketing and promotional activity, packaging, convenience, service and the ability to
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anticipate and effectively respond to consumer preferences and trends. Our business can be adversely
affected if we are unable to effectively promote or develop our existing products or introduce and
effectively market new products, if we are unable to effectively adopt new technologies, including
artificial intelligence and data analytics to develop new commercial insights and improve operating
efficiencies, if we are unable to continuously strengthen and evolve our capabilities in digital marketing, if
our competitors spend more aggressively or effectively than we do or if we are otherwise unable to
effectively respond to supply disruptions, pricing pressure (including as a result of commodity inflation)
or otherwise compete effectively, and we may be unable to grow or maintain sales or category share or we
may need to increase capital, marketing or other expenditures.
Failure to attract, develop and maintain a highly skilled and diverse workforce or effectively manage
changes in our workforce can have an adverse effect on our business.
Our business requires that we attract, develop and maintain a highly skilled and diverse workforce. Our
employees are highly sought after by our competitors and other companies and our continued ability to
compete effectively depends on our ability to attract, retain, develop and motivate highly skilled personnel
for all areas of our organization. Our ability to do so has been and may continue to be impacted by
challenges in the labor market, which has experienced and may continue to experience wage inflation,
labor shortages, increased employee turnover, changes in availability of our workforce and changing
worker expectations regarding flexible work models. Any unplanned turnover, sustained labor shortage or
unsuccessful implementation of our succession plans to backfill current leadership positions, including the
Chief Executive Officer, or failure to attract, develop and maintain a highly skilled and diverse workforce,
including with key capabilities such as e-commerce and digital marketing and data analytic skills, can
deplete our institutional knowledge base, erode our competitive advantage or result in increased costs due
to increased competition for employees, higher employee turnover or increased employee benefit costs. In
addition, failure to attract, retain and develop associates from underrepresented communities can damage
our business results and our reputation. Any of the foregoing can adversely affect our business.
Water scarcity can adversely affect our business.
We and our business partners use water in the manufacturing of our products. Water is also essential to the
production of the raw materials needed in our manufacturing process. Lack of available water of
acceptable quality, actions by governmental and non-governmental organizations, investors, customers
and consumers on water scarcity and increasing pressure to conserve and replenish water in areas of
scarcity and stress, including due to the effects of climate change, can lead to: supply chain disruption;
adverse effects on our operations or the operations of our business partners; higher compliance costs;
increased capital expenditures (including investments in the development of technologies to enhance water
efficiency and reduce consumption); higher production costs, including less favorable pricing for water;
the interruption or cessation of operations at, or relocation of, our facilities or the facilities of our business
partners; failure to achieve our goals relating to water use; perception of our failure to act responsibly with
respect to water use or to effectively respond to legal or regulatory requirements concerning water
scarcity; or damage to our reputation, any of which can adversely affect our business.
Changes in the retail landscape or in sales to any key customer can adversely affect our business.
The retail landscape continues to evolve, including continued growth in e-commerce channels and hard
discounters. Our business will be adversely affected if we are unable to maintain and develop successful
relationships with e-commerce retailers and hard discounters, while also maintaining relationships with
our key customers operating in traditional retail channels (many of whom are also focused on increasing
their e-commerce sales). Our business can be adversely affected if e-commerce channels and hard
discounters take significant additional market share away from traditional retailers or we fail to find ways
to create increasingly better digital tools and capabilities for our retail customers to enable them to grow
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their businesses. In addition, our business can be adversely affected if we are unable to profitably expand
our own direct-to-consumer e-commerce capabilities.
The retail industry is also impacted by the actions and increasing power of retailers, including as a result
of increased consolidation of ownership resulting in large retailers or buying groups with increased
purchasing power, particularly in North America, Europe and Latin America. In this changing retail
landscape, retailers and buying groups have impacted and may continue to impact our ability to compete
in these jurisdictions by demanding lower prices or increased promotional programs, removing our
products or otherwise reducing shelf space allocated to our products. The increasing power of retailers and
consolidation also adversely impacts our smaller customers’ ability to compete effectively, resulting in an
inability on their part to pay for our products or reduced or canceled orders of our products. Further, we
must maintain mutually beneficial relationships with our key customers, including Walmart, to compete
effectively. Our inability to resolve a significant dispute with any of our key customers, a change in the
business condition (financial or otherwise) of any of our key customers, even if unrelated to us, a
significant reduction in sales to any key customer, or the loss of any of our key customers has adversely
affected and can continue to adversely affect our business.
Disruption of our manufacturing operations or supply chain, including continued increased
commodity, packaging, transportation, labor and other input costs, can adversely affect our business.
We have experienced and could continue to experience disruption in our manufacturing operations and
supply chain. Many of the raw materials and supplies used in the production of our products are sourced
from countries experiencing war and other military conflict, acts of terrorism, civil unrest, political
instability or unfavorable economic conditions. Natural disasters and extreme weather conditions also
pose physical risks to our facilities, which could impair our production capabilities and disrupt our supply
chain. Some raw materials and supplies, including packaging materials, are available only from a limited
number of suppliers or from a sole supplier or are in short supply when seasonal demand is at its peak.
There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain favorable arrangements and relationships with
suppliers or that our contingency plans will be effective to mitigate disruptions that may arise from
shortages or discontinuation of any raw materials and other supplies that we use in the manufacture,
production and distribution of our products or from operational or financial instability of our key
suppliers. Any sustained or significant disruption in the future to the manufacturing or sourcing of
products or materials could increase our costs and interrupt product supply, which can adversely impact
our business.
The raw materials and other supplies, including agricultural commodities, fuel and packaging materials,
such as recycled PET, transportation, labor and other supply chain inputs that we use for the
manufacturing, production and distribution of our products are subject to price volatility and fluctuations
in availability caused by many factors, including changes in supply and demand, supplier capacity
constraints, inflation, weather conditions (including potential effects of climate change), fire, natural
disasters, disease or pests (including the impact of greening disease on the citrus industry), agricultural
uncertainty, health epidemics or pandemics or other contagious outbreaks (including COVID-19), labor
shortages or changes in availability of our or our business partners’ workforce (including the lack of
availability of truck drivers as a result of COVID-19), strikes or work stoppages (including by railway
workers or other third parties involved in the manufacture, production and distribution of our products),
governmental incentives and controls (including import/export restrictions, such as new or increased
tariffs, sanctions, quotas or trade barriers), port congestions or delays, transport capacity constraints,
cybersecurity incidents or other disruptions, loss or impairment of key manufacturing sites, political
uncertainties, geopolitical events, wars and other military conflicts, acts of terrorism, governmental
instability or currency exchange rates. Many of our raw materials and supplies are purchased in the open
market and the prices we pay for such items are subject to fluctuation. We continued to experience
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increased commodity, packaging and transportation costs during 2023, which may continue. When input
prices increase unexpectedly or significantly, we may be unwilling or unable to increase our product
prices or unable to effectively hedge against price increases to offset these increased costs without
suffering reduced volume, revenue, margins and operating results.
Political, social and geopolitical conditions can adversely affect our business.
Political, social and geopolitical conditions in the markets in which our products are sold have been and
could continue to be difficult to predict, resulting in adverse effects on our business. The results of
elections, referendums or other political conditions (including government shutdowns), geopolitical
events, wars and other military conflicts (such as the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East) in
these markets have in the past and could continue to impact how existing laws, regulations and
government programs or policies are implemented or result in uncertainty as to how such laws,
regulations, programs or policies may change, including with respect to tariffs, sanctions, environmental
and climate change regulations, taxes, benefit programs, the movement of goods, services and people
between countries, relationships between countries, customer or consumer perception of a particular
country or its government and other matters, and has resulted in and could continue to result in exchange
rate fluctuation, volatility in global stock markets and global economic uncertainty or adversely affect
demand for our products, any of which can adversely affect our business. In addition, political and social
conditions in certain cities throughout the United States as well as globally have resulted in
demonstrations and protests, including in connection with political elections, civil rights and liberties and
geopolitical events. Our operations or the operations of our business partners, including the distribution of
our products and the ingredients or other raw materials used in the production of our products, may be
disrupted if such events persist for a prolonged period of time, including due to actions taken by
governmental authorities in affected cities and regions, which can adversely affect our business.
Our business can be adversely affected if we are unable to grow in developing and emerging markets.
Our success depends in part on our ability to grow our business in developing and emerging markets,
including Brazil, China, Mexico, Russia and South Africa. There can be no assurance that our products
will be accepted or be successful in any particular developing or emerging market, due to competition,
price, cultural differences, consumer preferences, regulation, method of distribution or otherwise. Our
business in these markets has been and could continue in the future to be impacted by economic, political
and social conditions; geopolitical conflicts, acts of war, terrorist acts, and civil unrest, including
demonstrations and protests; competition; tariffs, sanctions or other regulations restricting contact with
certain countries in these markets; foreign ownership restrictions; nationalization of our assets or the assets
of our business partners; government-mandated closure, or threatened closure, of our operations or the
operations of our business partners; restrictions on the import or export of our products or ingredients or
substances used in our products; highly inflationary economies; devaluation or fluctuation or
demonetization of currency; regulations on the transfer of funds to and from foreign countries, currency
controls or other currency exchange restrictions, which result in significant cash balances in foreign
countries, from time to time, or can significantly affect our ability to effectively manage our operations in
certain of these markets and can result in the deconsolidation of such businesses; the lack of well-
established or reliable legal systems; increased costs of doing business due to compliance with complex
foreign and U.S. laws and regulations that apply to our international operations, including the Foreign
Corrupt Practices Act, the U.K. Bribery Act and the Trade Sanctions Reform and Export Enhancement
Act; and adverse consequences, such as the assessment of fines or penalties, for any failure to comply with
laws and regulations. Our business can be adversely affected if we are unable to expand our business in
developing and emerging markets, effectively operate, or manage the risks associated with operating, in
these markets, or achieve the return on capital we expect from our investments in these markets.
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Changes in economic conditions can adversely impact our business.
Many of the jurisdictions in which our products are sold have experienced and could continue to
experience uncertain or unfavorable economic conditions, such as high inflation and adverse changes in
interest rates, tax laws or tax rates, including as a result of geopolitical events. These uncertain or
unfavorable economic conditions have resulted in and could continue to result in recessions or economic
slowdowns; volatile commodity markets; labor shortages; highly inflationary economies, devaluation,
fluctuation or demonetization of currency; contraction in the availability of credit; austerity or stimulus
measures; the effects of any default by or deterioration in the creditworthiness of the countries in which
our products are sold; or a decrease in the fair value of pension or post-retirement assets that could
increase future employee benefit costs and/or funding requirements of our pension or post-retirement
plans. In addition, we cannot predict how current or future economic conditions will affect our business
partners, including financial institutions with whom we do business, and any negative impact on any of the
foregoing may also have an adverse impact on our business.
Future cyber incidents and other disruptions to our information systems can adversely affect our
business.
We depend on information systems and technology, including public websites and cloud-based services,
for many activities important to our business, including communications within our company, interfacing
with customers and consumers; ordering and managing inventory; managing and operating our facilities;
protecting confidential information, including personal data we collect; maintaining accurate financial
records and complying with regulatory, financial reporting, legal and tax requirements. Our business has
in the past and could in the future be negatively affected by system shutdowns, degraded systems
performance, systems disruptions or security incidents. These disruptions or incidents may be caused by
incidents, network or power outages, software, equipment or
cyberattacks and other cyber
telecommunications failures, the unintentional or malicious actions of employees or contractors, natural
disasters, fires or other catastrophic events. In addition, the increase in certain of our employees working
remotely has resulted in increased demand on our information technology infrastructure, which can be
subject to failure, disruption or unavailability, and increased vulnerability to cyberattacks and other cyber
incidents.
Cyberattacks and other cyber incidents are occurring more frequently, the techniques used to gain access
to information technology systems and data, disable or degrade service or sabotage systems are constantly
evolving and becoming more sophisticated in nature and are being carried out by groups and individuals
with a wide range of expertise and motives. In addition, the rapid evolution and increased adoption of
artificial intelligence technologies may increase our cybersecurity risks, including generative artificial
intelligence augmenting threat actors’ technological sophistication to enhance existing or create new
malware. Cyberattacks and cyber incidents may be difficult to detect for periods of time and take many
forms including cyber extortion, denial of service, social engineering, introduction of viruses or malware
(such as ransomware), exploiting vulnerabilities in hardware, software or other infrastructure, hacking,
website defacement or theft of passwords and other credentials, unauthorized use of computing resources
for digital currency mining and business email compromise. As with other global companies, we are
regularly subject to cyberattacks and other cyber incidents, including the types of attacks and incidents
described above. Continued geopolitical instability has heightened the risk of cyberattacks. If we do not
allocate and effectively manage the resources necessary to continue building and maintaining our
information technology infrastructure, or if we fail to timely identify or appropriately respond to
cyberattacks or other cyber incidents, our business has been and can continue to be adversely affected,
which has resulted in and can continue to result in some or all of the following: transaction errors,
processing inefficiencies, inability to access our data or systems, lost revenues or other costs resulting
from disruptions or shutdowns of offices, plants, warehouses, distribution centers or other facilities,
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intellectual property or other data loss, litigation, claims, legal or regulatory proceedings, inquiries or
investigations, fines or penalties, remediation costs, damage to our reputation or a negative impact on
employee morale and the loss of current or potential customers. In addition, these risks also exist in
acquired businesses, joint ventures or companies we invest in or partner with that use separate information
systems or that have not yet been fully integrated into our information systems.
Similar risks exist with respect to our business partners and third-party providers, including suppliers,
software and cloud-based service providers, that we rely upon for aspects of various business processes
and activities, including procurement, supply chain, manufacturing, distribution, information technology
support services and administrative functions (including payroll processing, health and benefit plan
administration and certain finance and accounting functions) and the systems managed, hosted, provided
and/or used by such third parties and their vendors. For example, malicious actors have employed and
could continue to employ the information technology supply chain to introduce malware through software
updates or compromised supplier accounts or hardware and exploit known or unknown hardware or
software vulnerabilities in our systems or the systems of our vendors and third-party service providers.
The need to coordinate with various third-party service providers, including with respect to timely
notification and access to personnel and information concerning an incident, may complicate our efforts to
address issues that arise. As a result, we are subject to the risk that the activities associated with our third-
party service providers can adversely affect our business even if the attack or breach does not directly
impact our systems or information.
Although the cyber incidents and other systems disruptions that we have experienced to date have not had
a material effect on our business, such incidents or disruptions could have a material adverse effect on us
in the future. While we believe we devote significant resources to network security, disaster recovery,
employee training and other measures to secure our information technology systems and prevent
unauthorized access to or loss of data, there are no guarantees that they will be adequate to safeguard
against all cyber incidents, systems disruptions, system compromises or misuses of data. In addition, while
we currently maintain insurance coverage that, subject to its terms and conditions, is intended to address
costs associated with certain aspects of cyber incidents and information systems failures, this insurance
coverage may not, depending on the specific facts and circumstances surrounding an incident, cover all
losses or all types of claims that arise from an incident, or the damage to our reputation or brands that may
result from an incident.
Failure to successfully complete or manage strategic transactions can adversely affect our business.
We regularly review our portfolio of businesses and evaluate potential acquisitions, joint ventures,
distribution agreements, divestitures, refranchisings and other strategic transactions. The success of these
transactions is dependent upon, among other things, our ability to realize the full extent of the expected
returns, benefits, cost savings or synergies as a result of a transaction, within the anticipated time frame, or
at all; and receipt of necessary consents, clearances and approvals. Risks associated with strategic
transactions include integrating manufacturing, distribution, sales, accounting, financial reporting and
administrative support activities and information technology systems with our company or difficulties
separating such personnel, activities and systems in connection with divestitures; operating through new
business models or in new categories or territories; motivating, recruiting and retaining executives and key
employees; conforming controls (including internal control over financial reporting, disclosure controls
and procedures and data protection and cybersecurity) and policies (including with respect to
environmental compliance, health and safety compliance and compliance with anti-bribery laws);
retaining existing customers and consumers and attracting new customers and consumers; managing tax
costs or inefficiencies; maintaining good relations with divested or refranchised businesses in our supply
or sales chain; inability to offset loss of revenue associated with divested brands or businesses; recognition
of impairment charges in connection with potential divestitures; managing the impact of business
18
decisions or other actions or omissions of our joint venture partners that may have different interests than
we do; and other unanticipated problems or liabilities, such as contingent liabilities and litigation.
Strategic transactions that are not successfully completed or managed effectively, or our failure to
effectively manage the risks associated with such transactions, have in the past and could continue to
result in adverse effects on our business.
Our reliance on third-party service providers and enterprise-wide systems can have an adverse effect on
our business.
We rely on third-party service providers, including software and cloud data service providers, for certain
areas of our business, including procurement, supply chain, manufacturing, distribution, information
technology support services and administrative functions (such as payroll processing, health and benefit
plan administration and certain finance and accounting functions). Failure by these third parties to meet
their contractual, regulatory and other obligations to us, or our failure to adequately monitor their
performance, has in the past and could continue to result in our inability to achieve the expected cost
savings or efficiencies and result in additional costs to correct errors made by such service providers.
Depending on the function involved, such errors can also lead to business disruption, systems performance
degradation, processing inefficiencies or other systems disruptions, the loss of or damage to intellectual
property or sensitive data through security breaches or otherwise, incorrect or adverse effects on financial
reporting, litigation, claims, legal or regulatory proceedings, inquiries or investigations, fines or penalties,
remediation costs, damage to our reputation or have a negative impact on employee morale, all of which
can adversely affect our business.
In addition, we continue on our multi-year phased business transformation initiative to migrate certain of
our systems, including our financial processing systems, to enterprise-wide systems solutions and have
deployed these systems in certain countries and divisions. We have experienced and could continue to
experience systems outages and operating inefficiencies following these planned implementations. In
addition, if we do not allocate and effectively manage the resources necessary to build and sustain the
proper information technology infrastructure, or if we fail to achieve the expected benefits from this
initiative, our business could be adversely affected.
Climate change or measures to address climate change and other sustainability matters can negatively
affect our business or damage our reputation.
Climate change may increase the frequency or severity of natural disasters and other extreme weather
conditions, including rising temperatures and drought. Natural disasters and extreme weather conditions
could pose physical risks to our facilities, impair our production capabilities, disrupt our supply chain or
impact demand for our products. In addition, climate change or other weather-related disruptions to our
supply chain may also have a negative effect on agricultural production resulting in decreased availability
or less favorable pricing for certain commodities that are necessary for our products, such as potatoes,
sugar cane, corn, wheat, rice, oats, oranges and other commodities. Also, there is an increased focus in
many jurisdictions in which our products are made, manufactured, distributed or sold regarding
environmental policies relating to climate change, biodiversity loss, deforestation, regulating greenhouse
gas emissions, energy policies and sustainability, including single-use plastics. This increased focus may
result in new or increased legal and regulatory requirements, such as potential carbon pricing programs or
revised product labeling requirements or other regulatory measures, which could, along with initiatives to
meet our sustainability goals, continue to result in significant increased costs and require additional
investments in facilities and equipment. As a result, the effects of climate change can negatively affect our
business and operations. In addition, working toward achieving our sustainability goals will require
significant effort and resources from us and other stakeholders, such as our suppliers and other third
parties, governmental entities, and the development of technology that may not currently exist or exist at
scale. Lack of progress or failure to properly report on our goals with respect to reducing our impact on
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the environment or perception of a failure to act responsibly with respect to the environment or to
effectively respond to regulatory requirements concerning climate change and other sustainability matters,
including the use of single-use plastics, can lead to adverse publicity, which could result in reduced
demand for our products, damage to our reputation or increase the risk of litigation, regulatory
proceedings, inquiries or investigations. Any of the foregoing can adversely affect our business.
Strikes or work stoppages can cause our business to suffer.
Many of our employees and employees of third parties that are involved in the manufacturing, production
or distribution of our products are covered by collective bargaining agreements, and other employees may
seek to be covered by collective bargaining agreements. Strikes or work stoppages or other business
interruptions have occurred and may occur in the future if we or the third parties that are involved in the
manufacturing, production and distribution of our products are unable to renew, or enter into new,
collective bargaining agreements on satisfactory terms and can impair manufacturing and distribution of
our products, interrupt product supply, lead to a loss of sales, increase our costs or otherwise affect our
ability to fully implement future operational changes to enhance our efficiency or to adapt to changing
business needs or strategy, all of which can adversely affect our business.
Financial Risks
Failure to realize benefits from our productivity initiatives can adversely affect our financial
performance.
Our future growth depends, in part, on our ability to continue to reduce costs and improve efficiencies,
including our multi-year phased implementation of shared business service organizational models. We
continue to identify and implement productivity initiatives that we believe will position our business for
long-term sustainable growth by allowing us to achieve a lower cost structure, improve decision-making
and operate more efficiently. Some of these measures result in unintended consequences, such as business
disruptions, distraction of management and employees, reduced morale and productivity, unexpected
employee attrition, an inability to attract or retain key personnel and negative publicity. If we are unable to
successfully implement our productivity initiatives as planned or do not achieve expected savings as a
result of these initiatives, we may not realize all or any of the anticipated benefits, resulting in adverse
effects on our financial performance.
A deterioration in our estimates and underlying assumptions regarding the future performance of our
business or investments can result in impairment charges that adversely affect our results of operations.
We conduct impairment tests on our goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets annually or more
frequently if circumstances indicate that impairment may have occurred. In addition, amortizable
intangible assets, equity method investments, equity investments without readily determinable fair values,
investments in available-for-sale debt securities, property, plant and equipment and other long-lived assets
are evaluated for impairment upon a significant change in the operating or macroeconomic environment.
Our equity method investees also perform similar impairment tests and we record our proportionate share
of impairment charges recorded by them, adjusted for the impact of items such as basis differences and
deferred taxes, as appropriate. A deterioration in our underlying assumptions, or those of our equity
method investees, regarding the impact of competitive operating conditions, geopolitical conditions
(including the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East), macroeconomic conditions, including
the interest rate environment, or other factors used to estimate the future performance of any of our
reporting units or assets, including any deterioration in the weighted-average cost of capital based on
market data available at the time, as well as our ability to hold the investment until recovery of fair value
to amortized cost for available-for-sale debt securities, have resulted and could in the future result in an
impairment charge, thereby adversely affecting our results of operations.
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Fluctuations in exchange rates impact our financial performance.
Because our consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars, the financial statements of our
subsidiaries outside the United States, where the functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar, are
translated into U.S. dollars. Given our global operations, we also pay for the ingredients, raw materials
and commodities used in our business in numerous currencies. Fluctuations in exchange rates, including as
a result of inflation, central bank monetary policies, currency controls or other currency exchange
restrictions or geopolitical instability have had, and could continue to have, an adverse impact on our
financial performance.
Our borrowing costs and access to capital and credit markets can be adversely affected by a downgrade
or potential downgrade of our credit ratings.
Rating agencies routinely evaluate us and their ratings are based on a number of factors, including our
cash generating capability, levels of indebtedness, policies with respect to shareholder distributions and
our financial strength generally, as well as factors beyond our control, such as the state of the economy
and our industry. We expect to maintain Tier 1 commercial paper access, which we believe will facilitate
appropriate financial flexibility and ready access to global credit markets at favorable interest rates. Any
downgrade or announcement that we are under review for a potential downgrade of our credit ratings,
especially any downgrade to below investment grade, can increase our future borrowing costs, impair our
ability to access capital and credit markets on terms commercially acceptable to us or at all, result in a
reduction in our liquidity, or impair our ability to access the commercial paper market with the same
flexibility that we have experienced historically (and therefore require us to rely more heavily on more
expensive types of debt financing), all of which can adversely affect our financial performance.
Legal, Tax and Regulatory Risks
Taxes aimed at our products can adversely affect our business or financial performance.
Certain jurisdictions in which our products are sold have either imposed, or are considering imposing, new
or increased taxes on the manufacture, distribution or sale of certain of our products, particularly our
beverages, as a result of ingredients contained in our products. These taxes vary in scope and form: some
apply to all beverages, including non-caloric beverages, while others apply only to beverages with a
caloric sweetener (e.g., sugar). Similarly, some measures apply a single tax rate per ounce/liter on
beverages containing over a certain amount of added sugar (or other sweetener), some apply a graduated
tax rate depending upon the amount of added sugar (or other sweetener) in the beverage and others apply a
flat tax rate on beverages containing any amount of added sugar (or other sweetener). For example,
Romania enacted a graduated tax on all non-alcoholic beverages, effective January 1, 2024, at a rate of 0.4
Romanian Leu (0.09 U.S. dollars) per liter for drinks with a sugar content between 5-8g per 100ml and 0.6
Romanian Leu (0.13 U.S. dollars) per liter for drinks with a sugar content between above 8g per 100ml.
These tax measures, whatever their scope or form, have in the past and could continue to increase the cost
of certain of our products, reduce overall consumption of our products or lead to negative publicity,
resulting in an adverse effect on our business and financial performance.
Limitations on the marketing or sale of our products can adversely affect our business and financial
performance.
Certain jurisdictions in which our products are sold have either imposed, or are considering imposing,
limitations on the marketing or sale of our products as a result of ingredients or substances in our products
or product packaging. These limitations require that we highlight perceived concerns about a product or
product packaging, warn consumers to avoid consumption of certain ingredients or substances present in
our products, restrict the age of consumers to whom products are marketed or sold, limit the location in
which our products may be available or discontinue the use of certain ingredients or packaging. For
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example, Colombia enacted warning labeling requirements effective in 2023 to indicate whether a
particular pre-packaged food product contains any amount of sweeteners or is considered to be high in
added sugar, sodium, saturated fat or trans-fat. Certain jurisdictions have imposed or are considering
imposing color-coded labeling requirements where colors such as red, yellow and green are used to
indicate various levels of a particular ingredient, such as sugar, sodium or saturated fat, in products. The
imposition or proposed imposition of additional limitations on the marketing or sale of our products has in
the past reduced and could continue to reduce overall consumption of our products, lead to negative
publicity or leave consumers with the perception that our products do not meet their health and wellness
needs, resulting in an adverse effect on our business and financial performance.
Laws and regulations related to the use or disposal of plastics or other packaging materials can
adversely affect our business and financial performance.
We rely on diverse packaging solutions to safely deliver products to our customers and consumers. Certain
of our products are sold in packaging designed to be recyclable, commercially compostable, biodegradable
or reusable. However, not all packaging is recovered, whether due to lack of infrastructure, improper
disposal or otherwise, and certain of our packaging is not currently recyclable, commercially compostable,
biodegradable or reusable. Packaging waste not properly disposed of that displays one or more of our
brands has in the past resulted in and could continue to result in negative publicity, litigation, government
investigations or other action or reduced consumer demand for our products, adversely affecting our
financial performance. Many jurisdictions in which our products are sold have imposed or are considering
imposing laws, regulations or policies intended to encourage the use of sustainable packaging, waste
reduction, increased recycling rates or decreased use of single-use plastics or to restrict the sale of
products utilizing certain packaging. These laws, regulations and policies vary in form and scope and
include extended producer responsibility policies, plastic or packaging taxes, minimum recycled content
requirements, restrictions on certain products and materials, requirements for bottle caps to be tethered to
bottles, restrictions or bans on the use of certain types of packaging, including single-use plastics and
packaging containing PFAS, restrictions on labeling related to recyclability, requirements to charge
deposit fees and requirements to scale reusable or refillable packaging. For example, the European Union,
Peru, South Africa and certain states in the United States, among other jurisdictions, have imposed a
minimum recycled content requirement for beverage bottle packaging and similar legislation is under
consideration in other jurisdictions. These laws and regulations have in the past increased and could
continue to increase the cost of our products, impact demand for our products, result in negative publicity
and require us and our business partners, including our independent bottlers, to increase capital
expenditures to invest in reducing the amount of virgin plastic or other materials used in our packaging, to
develop alternative packaging or to revise product labeling, all of which can adversely affect our business
and financial performance.
Failure to comply with personal data protection and privacy laws can adversely affect our business.
We are subject to a variety of continuously evolving and developing laws and regulations in numerous
jurisdictions regarding personal data protection and privacy laws. These laws and regulations may be
interpreted and applied differently from country to country or, within the United States, from state to state,
and can create inconsistent or conflicting requirements. Our efforts to comply with these laws and
regulations, including the California Consumer Privacy Act, which was significantly modified by the
California Privacy Rights Act, as well as comprehensive privacy legislation in Virginia, Colorado, Utah
and Connecticut that became effective in 2023, as well as the European Union’s General Data Protection
Regulation (GDPR), the U.K. General Data Protection Regulation (which implements the GDPR into U.K.
law) and China’s Personal Information Protection Act, impose significant costs and challenges that are
likely to continue to increase over time, particularly as additional jurisdictions continue to adopt similar
regulations. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations or to otherwise protect personal data from
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unauthorized access, use or other processing, have in the past and could in the future result in litigation,
claims, legal or regulatory proceedings, inquiries or investigations, damage to our reputation, fines or
penalties, all of which can adversely affect our business.
Increases in income tax rates, changes in income tax laws or disagreements with tax authorities can
adversely affect our financial performance.
Increases in income tax rates or other changes in tax laws, including changes in how existing tax laws are
interpreted or enforced, can adversely affect our financial performance. For example, economic and
political conditions in countries where we are subject to taxes, including the United States, have in the past
and could continue to result in significant changes in tax legislation or regulation. For example, numerous
countries have agreed to a statement in support of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and
Development model (OECD) rules that propose a partial global profit reallocation and a global minimum
tax rate of 15%. Certain countries, including European Union member states, have enacted or are expected
to enact legislation incorporating the global minimum tax with effect as early as 2024 and widespread
implementation of a global minimum tax is expected by 2025. As the legislation becomes effective in
countries in which we do business, our taxes could increase and negatively impact our provision for
income taxes. This increasingly complex global tax environment has in the past and could continue to
increase tax uncertainty, resulting in higher compliance costs and adverse effects on our financial
performance. We are also subject to regular reviews, examinations and audits by numerous taxing
authorities with respect to income and non-income based taxes. Economic and political pressures to
increase tax revenues in jurisdictions in which we operate, or the adoption of new or reformed tax
legislation or regulation, has made and could continue to make resolving tax disputes more difficult and
the final resolution of tax audits and any related litigation can differ from our historical provisions and
accruals, resulting in an adverse effect on our financial performance.
If we are unable to adequately protect our intellectual property rights, or if we are found to infringe on
the intellectual property rights of others, our business can be adversely affected.
We possess intellectual property rights that are important to our business, including ingredient formulas,
trademarks, copyrights, patents, business processes and other trade secrets. The laws of various
jurisdictions in which we operate have differing levels of protection of intellectual property. Our
competitive position and the value of our products and brands can be reduced and our business adversely
affected if we fail to obtain or adequately protect our intellectual property, including our ingredient
formulas, or if there is a change in law that limits or removes the current legal protections afforded our
intellectual property. Also, in the course of developing new products or improving the quality of existing
products, we have in the past been alleged to have infringed, and could in the future infringe or be alleged
to infringe, on the intellectual property rights of others. Such infringement or allegations of infringement
could result in expensive litigation and damages, damage to our reputation, disruption to our operations,
injunctions against development, manufacturing, use and/or sale of certain products, inventory write-offs
or other limitations on our ability to introduce new products or improve the quality of existing products,
resulting in an adverse effect on our business.
Failure to comply with laws and regulations applicable to our business can adversely affect our
business.
The conduct of our business is subject to numerous laws and regulations relating to the production,
storage, distribution, sale, display, advertising, marketing, labeling, content (including whether a product
contains genetically engineered ingredients), quality, safety, transportation, supply chain, traceability,
sourcing (including pesticide use), packaging, disposal, recycling and use of our products or raw materials,
employment and occupational health and safety, environmental, social and governance matters and
reporting (including climate change), machine learning and artificial intelligence and data privacy and
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protection. In addition, in many jurisdictions, compliance with competition and antitrust laws is of special importance to us due to our competitive position, as is compliance with anti-corruption laws. The imposition of new laws, changes in laws or regulatory requirements or changing interpretations thereof, changes in the enforcement priorities of regulators, and differing or competing regulations and standards across the markets where our products or raw materials are made, manufactured, distributed or sold, have in the past and could continue to result in higher compliance costs, capital expenditures and higher production costs, or make it necessary for us to reformulate certain of our products, resulting in adverse effects on our business. For example, increasing governmental and societal attention to environmental, social and governance matters has resulted and could continue to result in new laws or regulatory requirements, including expanded disclosure requirements that are expected to continue to expand the nature, scope and complexity of matters on which we are required to report. In addition, the entry into new markets or categories has resulted in and could continue to result in our business being subject to additional regulations resulting in higher compliance costs. If one jurisdiction imposes or proposes to impose new laws or regulations that impact the manufacture, distribution or sale of our products, other jurisdictions may follow. Failure to comply with such laws or regulations (or allegations thereof) can subject us to criminal or civil investigations or enforcement actions, including voluntary and involuntary document requests, fines, injunctions, product recalls, penalties, disgorgement of profits or activity restrictions, all of which can adversely affect our business. In addition, the results of third-party studies (whether or not scientifically valid) purporting to assess the health implications of consumption of certain ingredients or substances present in certain of our products or packaging materials have resulted in and could continue to result in our being subject to new taxes and regulations or lawsuits that can adversely affect our business.Potential liabilities and costs from litigation, claims, legal or regulatory proceedings, inquiries or investigations can have an adverse impact on our business.We and our subsidiaries are party to a variety of litigation, claims, legal or regulatory proceedings, inquiries and investigations, including but not limited to matters related to our advertising, marketing or commercial practices, product labels, claims and ingredients, personal injury and property damage, intellectual property rights, privacy, employment, tax and insurance matters, environmental, social and governance matters, including concerns or perceptions regarding our packaging and its environmental impact, and matters relating to our compliance with applicable laws and regulations. These matters are inherently uncertain and there is no guarantee that we will be successful in defending ourselves or that our assessment of the materiality of these matters and the likely outcome or potential losses and established reserves will be consistent with the ultimate outcome of such matters. Responding to these matters, even those that are ultimately non-meritorious, requires us to incur significant expense and devote significant resources, and may generate adverse publicity that damages our reputation or brand image. Any of the foregoing can adversely affect our business.Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.We have received no written comments regarding our periodic or current reports from the staff of the SEC that were issued 180 days or more preceding the end of our 2023 fiscal year and that remain unresolved.Item 1C. Cybersecurity.Cybersecurity Risk Management and StrategyWe are regularly subject to cyberattacks and other cyber incidents. In response, we have implemented cybersecurity processes, technologies, and controls to aid in our efforts to assess, identify, and manage cybersecurity risks. Our enterprise risk management framework considers cybersecurity risk alongside other company risks as part of our overall risk assessment process. Our enterprise risk management team collaborates with our Information Security function, led by the Company’s Chief Strategy and 24 Transformation Officer and the Company’s Chief Information Security Officer, to gather insights for identifying, assessing and managing cybersecurity threat risks, their severity, and potential mitigations. We assess PepsiCo’s Information Security program using an industry-leading cybersecurity framework from the National Institute of Standards and Technology. To help assess and identify our cybersecurity risks, we maintain internal resources to perform penetration testing designed to simulate evolving tactics and techniques of real-world threat actors, engage with industry partners and law enforcement and intelligence communities and conduct tabletop exercises and periodic risk interviews across our business. We also engage an independent third party to perform internal and external penetration testing of PepsiCo’s environment periodically and engage other third parties to periodically conduct assessments of our cybersecurity capabilities. In addition, we continue to expand training and awareness practices to mitigate human risk, including mandatory computer-based training, internal communications, and regular phishing awareness campaigns that are designed to emulate real-world contemporary threats and provide immediate feedback (and, if necessary, additional training or remedial action) to employees. Our processes also address cybersecurity risks associated with our use of third-party service providers including suppliers, software and cloud-based service providers. We proactively evaluate the cybersecurity risk of a third party by utilizing a repository of risk assessments, external monitoring sources, threat intelligence and predictive analytics to better inform PepsiCo during contracting and vendor selection processes. Additionally, when third party risks are identified, we require those third parties to agree by contract to implement appropriate security controls. Security issues are documented and tracked and periodic monitoring is conducted for third parties in order to mitigate risk. In addition to the processes, technologies, and controls that we have in place to reduce the likelihood of a successful material cyberattack, the Company has established well-defined response procedures to address cyber events that do occur. The program provides for the coordination of various corporate functions and governance groups and serves as a framework for the execution of responsibilities across businesses and operational roles. Our incident response plan coordinates the activities we take to prepare for, detect, respond to and recover from cybersecurity incidents, which include processes to triage, assess severity for, escalate, contain, investigate, and remediate the incident, as well as to assess for potential disclosure, comply with potentially applicable legal obligations and mitigate brand and reputational damage. We also maintain insurance coverage that, subject to its terms and conditions, is intended to address costs associated with certain aspects of cyber incidents and information systems failures.Based on the information we have as of the date of this Form 10-K, we do not believe any risks from cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any previous cybersecurity incidents, have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” for further information about these risks.Cybersecurity GovernanceCybersecurity is an important part of our risk management processes and an area of focus for our Board and management. Given that cybersecurity risks can impact various areas of responsibility of the Committees of the Board, the Board believes it is useful and effective for the full Board to maintain direct oversight over cybersecurity matters. In 2021, the Board amended our Corporate Governance Guidelines to specifically mention cybersecurity as an area of Board oversight to reflect this existing practice. The Board receives and provides feedback on regular updates from management, including from the Company’s Chief Strategy and Transformation Officer and the Company’s Chief Information Security Officer, regarding cybersecurity governance processes, the status of projects to strengthen internal cybersecurity, results from third-party assessments, and also discusses any significant cyber incidents, including recent incidents at other companies and the emerging threat landscape.25 Our cybersecurity risk management and strategy processes, which are discussed in greater detail above,
are led by the Company’s Chief Strategy and Transformation Officer and the Company’s Chief
Information Security Officer. Such individuals have significant prior work experience in various roles
across multiple industries involving managing information security, developing cybersecurity strategy,
implementing effective information and cybersecurity programs and managing compliance environments.
These members of management are informed about and monitor the prevention, mitigation, detection, and
remediation of cybersecurity incidents through their management of, and participation in, the
cybersecurity risk management and strategy processes described above, including the operation of our
incident response plan.
Item 2. Properties.
Our principal executive office located in Purchase, New York and our facilities located in Plano, Texas,
all of which we own, are our most significant corporate properties.
In connection with making, marketing, distributing and selling our products, each division utilizes
manufacturing, processing, bottling and production plants, warehouses, distribution centers, storage
facilities, offices, including division headquarters, research and development facilities and other facilities,
all of which are either owned or leased.
Significant properties by division are as follows:
Property Type
Location
Owned/ Leased
Research and development facility Plano, Texas
Convenient food plant
Cedar Rapids, Iowa
Research and development facility Valhalla, New York
FLNA
QFNA
PBNA
PBNA
LatAm
LatAm
Europe
Europe
Europe
Europe
AMESA
Concentrate plant
Convenient food plant
Two convenient food plants
Convenient food plant
Convenient food plant
Manufacturing plant
Dairy plant
Convenient food plant
Concentrate plant
Two concentrate plants
Concentrate plant
APAC
Convenient food plant
FLNA, QFNA, PBNA, LatAm, Corporate Shared service center
PBNA, LatAm
PBNA, Europe, AMESA
PBNA, AMESA, APAC
All divisions
Arlington, Texas
Celaya, Mexico
Vallejo, Mexico
Leicester, United Kingdom Owned (a)
Kashira, Russia
Owned
Owned
Lehavim, Israel
Moscow, Russia
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Shanghai, China
Mexico City, Mexico
Colonia, Uruguay
Cork, Ireland
Singapore
Owned
Owned
Owned
Owned
Owned
Owned
Owned
Owned (a)
Owned (a)
Leased
Owned (a)
Owned
Owned (a)
Leased
Shared service center
Hyderabad, India
(a) The land on which these properties are located is leased.
Most of our plants are owned or leased on a long-term basis. In addition to company-owned or leased
properties described above, we also utilize a highly distributed network of plants, warehouses and
distribution centers that are owned or leased by our contract manufacturers, co-packers, strategic alliances
or joint ventures in which we have an equity interest. We believe that our properties generally are in good
operating condition and, taken as a whole, are suitable, adequate and of sufficient capacity for our current
operations.
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Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
On November 15, 2023, the People of the State of New York filed a lawsuit against PepsiCo, Inc., Frito-
Lay, Inc. and Frito-Lay North America, Inc. (the NYS Matter) asserting claims for public nuisance,
deceptive acts or practices in the conduct of business, and failure to warn that our packaging was a
potential source of plastic pollution, allegedly resulting in plastic pollution in the Buffalo River. This
matter is pending in the Commercial Division of the New York State Supreme Court – Erie County. The
lawsuit does not specify the amount of damages sought and we believe we have strong defenses to each of
these claims. In addition, we and our subsidiaries are party to a variety of litigation, claims, legal or
regulatory proceedings, inquiries and investigations. While the results of the NYS Matter and each such
other litigation, claim, legal or regulatory proceeding, inquiry and investigation cannot be predicted with
certainty, management believes that the final outcome of the foregoing will not have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. See also “Item 1. Business –
Regulatory Matters” and “Item 1A. Risk Factors.”
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
Information About Our Executive Officers
The following is a list of names, ages and backgrounds of our current executive officers:
Name
James T. Caulfield
David J. Flavell
Marie T. Gallagher
Ram Krishnan
Ramon L. Laguarta
Silviu Popovici
Paula Santilli
Becky Schmitt
Eugene Willemsen
Age Title
64 Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, PepsiCo
52 Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary,
PepsiCo
64 Senior Vice President and Controller, PepsiCo
53 Chief Executive Officer, PepsiCo Beverages North America
60 Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer, PepsiCo
56 Chief Executive Officer, Europe
59 Chief Executive Officer, Latin America
50 Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer, PepsiCo
56 Chief Executive Officer, Africa, Middle East, South Asia and International
Beverages
Steven Williams
58 Chief Executive Officer, PepsiCo Foods North America
James T. Caulfield has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, PepsiCo, since
November 2023. Prior to that, he served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, PepsiCo
Foods North America from 2019 to November 2023, as PepsiCo’s Senior Vice President, Investor
Relations from 2010 to 2019, as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, PepsiCo Beverages
Canada from 2010 to 2011, as Vice President, Corporate Strategy and Development from 2007 to 2010,
Vice President, Investor Relations from 2005 to 2007 and as Vice President, Financial Planning and
Analysis from 2000 to 2005. He also held a variety of senior finance roles in Frito-Lay North America
from 1995 to 2000 and was Director, Corporate Audit from 1993 to 1995. Prior to joining PepsiCo in
1993, Mr. Caulfield was a partner at the accounting firm Coopers & Lybrand.
David J. Flavell has served as Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary,
PepsiCo since 2021. Mr. Flavell previously held a number of leadership roles at PepsiCo, including as
Senior Vice President, Deputy General Counsel and Chief Compliance & Ethics Officer for PepsiCo from
2019 to 2021, as Senior Vice President, Deputy General Counsel & Managing Attorney from 2018 to
2019, as Senior Vice President, Deputy General Counsel & General Counsel, International and Global
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Groups from 2017 to 2018, as Senior Vice President, Deputy General Counsel & General Counsel, Latin America and Frito-Lay North America from 2016 to 2017, as Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Latin America and Frito-Lay North America from 2015 to 2016, and as Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Asia, Middle East and Africa from 2011 to 2015. Before joining PepsiCo in 2011, Mr. Flavell was general counsel for Danone S.A.’s Asia Pacific and Middle East business. Prior to that, Mr. Flavell served as senior legal counsel at Fonterra Co-operative Group Limited and was a partner at Corrs Chambers Westgarth.Marie T. Gallagher was appointed PepsiCo’s Senior Vice President and Controller in 2011. Ms. Gallagher joined PepsiCo in 2005 as Vice President and Assistant Controller. Prior to joining PepsiCo, Ms. Gallagher was Assistant Controller at Altria Corporate Services from 1992 to 2005 and, prior to that, a senior manager at Coopers & Lybrand.Ram Krishnan was appointed Chief Executive Officer, PepsiCo Beverages North America, effective February 2024. Prior to that, Mr. Krishnan served as Chief Executive Officer, International Beverages and Chief Commercial Officer of PepsiCo from 2022 to February 2024, as Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer, PepsiCo, from 2019 to 2021, as President and Chief Executive Officer of PepsiCo’s Asia Pacific, Australia and New Zealand and China Region from 2018 to 2020, and as PepsiCo’s Senior Vice President and Chief Customer Officer for Walmart, leading PepsiCo’s global Walmart customer team, from 2016 to 2017. Mr. Krishnan joined PepsiCo in 2006 and held marketing roles of increasing responsibility from 2006 to 2016, including as Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer, Frito-Lay North America from 2014 to 2016, as Senior Vice President, Marketing, Frito-Lay North America from 2012 to 2013 and as Vice President of Global Brands, Frito-Lay North America from 2011 to 2012. Prior to PepsiCo, Mr. Krishnan spent six years at General Motors Company as a marketing manager for Cadillac.Ramon L. Laguarta has served as PepsiCo’s Chief Executive Officer and a director on the Board since 2018, and assumed the role of Chairman of the Board in 2019. Mr. Laguarta previously served as President of PepsiCo from 2017 to 2018. Prior to serving as President, Mr. Laguarta held a variety of positions of increasing responsibility in Europe, including as Commercial Vice President of PepsiCo Europe from 2006 to 2008, PepsiCo Eastern Europe Region from 2008 to 2012, President, Developing & Emerging Markets, PepsiCo Europe from 2012 to 2015, Chief Executive Officer, PepsiCo Europe in 2015, and Chief Executive Officer, Europe Sub-Saharan Africa from 2015 until 2017. From 2002 to 2006, he was General Manager for Iberia Snacks and Juices, and from 1999 to 2001, a General Manager for Greece Snacks. Prior to joining PepsiCo in 1996 as a marketing vice president for Spain Snacks, Mr. Laguarta worked for Chupa Chups, S.A., where he worked in several international assignments in Asia, Europe, the Middle East and the United States. Mr. Laguarta has served as a director of Visa Inc. since 2019. Silviu Popovici was appointed Chief Executive Officer, Europe, effective 2019. Prior to this role, he served as Chief Executive Officer, Europe Sub-Saharan Africa in 2019 and as President, Europe Sub-Saharan Africa from 2017 to early 2019. Mr. Popovici previously served as President, Russia, Ukraine and CIS (The Commonwealth of Independent States) from 2015 to 2017, and as President, PepsiCo Russia from 2013 to 2015. Mr. Popovici joined PepsiCo in 2011 following PepsiCo’s acquisition of Wimm-Bill-Dann Foods OJSC (WBD) and served as General Manager, WBD Foods Division from 2011 until 2012. Prior to the acquisition, Mr. Popovici held senior leadership roles at WBD, running its dairy business from 2008 to 2011 and its beverages business from 2006 to 2008.Paula Santilli was appointed Chief Executive Officer, Latin America, effective 2019. Previously, she served in various leadership positions at PepsiCo Mexico Foods, as President from 2017 to 2019, as Chief Operating Officer from 2016 to 2017 and as Vice President and General Manager from 2011 to 2016. Prior to joining PepsiCo Mexico Foods, she held a variety of roles, including leadership positions in Beverages in Mexico, as well as in Foods and Snacks in the Latin America Southern Cone region 28 comprising Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay. Ms. Santilli joined PepsiCo in 2001 following PepsiCo’s acquisition of the Quaker Oats Company. At Quaker, she held various roles of increasing responsibility from 1992 to 2001, including running the regional Quaker Foods and Gatorade businesses in Argentina, Chile and Uruguay. Becky Schmitt was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer, PepsiCo, in June 2023. Prior to that, Ms. Schmitt served as executive vice president, chief people officer of Cognizant Technology Solutions Corp. from 2020 to 2023. Prior to joining Cognizant, Ms. Schmitt served in various executive human resources roles at Walmart, Inc., including as senior vice president, chief people officer of Sam’s Club, a division of Walmart, from 2018 to 2020, senior vice president, chief people officer of U.S. eCommerce and corporate functions from late 2016 to 2018, and vice president, human resources – technology from early 2016 to late 2016. Prior to joining Walmart, Ms. Schmitt spent over 20 years with Accenture plc in multiple senior human resources roles globally.Eugene Willemsen was appointed Chief Executive Officer, Africa, Middle East, South Asia and International Beverages, effective February 2024. Previously he served as Chief Executive Officer, Africa, Middle East, South Asia from 2019 to February 2024, as Chief Executive Officer, Sub-Saharan Africa in 2019 and as Executive Vice President, Global Categories and Franchise Management from 2015 to 2019. Before that, he led the global Pepsi-Lipton Joint Venture as President from 2014 to 2015. Prior to such role, Mr. Willemsen served as PepsiCo’s Senior Vice President and General Manager, South East Europe from 2011 to 2013, as Senior Vice President and General Manager, Commercial, Europe from 2008 to 2011, as Senior Vice President and General Manager, Northern Europe from 2006 to 2008, as Vice President, General Manager, Benelux from 2000 to 2005 and as Commercial Director, Benelux for the snacks business from 1998 to 2000. Mr. Willemsen joined PepsiCo in 1995 as a business development manager.Steven Williams was appointed Chief Executive Officer, PepsiCo Foods North America, effective 2019. Prior to this role, Mr. Williams served in leadership positions for Frito-Lay’s U.S. operations, as Senior Vice President, Commercial Sales and Chief Commercial Officer from 2017 to 2019 and as General Manager and Senior Vice President, East Division from 2016 to 2017. Prior to that, he served as General Manager and Senior Vice President, Customer Management for PepsiCo’s global Walmart business from 2013 to 2016, as Sales Senior Vice President, North American Nutrition from 2011 to 2013 and as Vice President, Sales, Central Division from 2009 to 2011. Mr. Williams joined PepsiCo in 2001 as a part of PepsiCo’s acquisition of the Quaker Oats Company, which he joined in 1997 and has held leadership positions of increasing responsibility in sales and customer management. Executive officers are elected by our Board, and their terms of office continue until the next annual meeting of the Board or until their successors are elected and have qualified. There are no family relationships among our executive officers.29 PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities.
Stock Trading Symbol – PEP.
Stock Exchange Listings – The Nasdaq Global Select Market is the principal market for our common
stock, which is also listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange.
Shareholders – As of February 2, 2024, there were approximately 94,999 shareholders of record of our
common stock.
Dividends – We have paid consecutive quarterly cash dividends since 1965. The declaration and payment
of future dividends are at the discretion of the Board. Dividends are usually declared in February, May,
July and November and paid at the end of March, June and September and the beginning of January. On
February 7, 2024, the Board declared a quarterly dividend of $1.265 per share payable April 1, 2024, to
shareholders of record on March 1, 2024. For the remainder of 2024, the record dates for these dividend
payments are expected to be June 7, September 6 and December 6, 2024, subject to the approval of the
Board. On February 9, 2024, we announced a 7% increase in our annualized dividend to $5.42 per share
from $5.06 per share, effective with the dividend expected to be paid in June 2024. We expect to return a
total of approximately $8.2 billion to shareholders in 2024, comprising dividends of approximately $7.2
billion and share repurchases of approximately $1.0 billion.
For information on securities authorized for issuance under our equity compensation plans, see “Item 12.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.”
A summary of our common stock repurchases (in millions, except average price per share) during the
fourth quarter of 2023 is set forth in the table below.
Issuer Purchases of Common Stock
Total
Number of
Shares
Repurchased(a)
Average
Price Paid
Per Share
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs
Maximum Number (or
Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares that May Yet Be
Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs
Period
9/9/2023
9/10/2023-10/7/2023
$
0.6
0.6 $
0.3 $
174.26
162.20
10/8/2023-11/4/2023
11/5/2023-12/2/2023
7,741
(105)
7,636
(47)
7,589
(54)
7,535
12/3/2023-12/30/2023
(35)
168.08
Total
7,500
169.31
(a) All shares were repurchased in open market transactions pursuant to the $10 billion repurchase program authorized by our
Board and publicly announced on February 10, 2022, which commenced on February 11, 2022 and will expire on February
28, 2026. Shares repurchased under this program may be repurchased in open market transactions, in privately negotiated
transactions, in accelerated stock repurchase transactions or otherwise.
0.2 $
1.4 $
0.2
1.4 $
167.35
0.3 $
0.3
0.3
30
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
OUR BUSINESS
Executive Overview
Our Operations
Other Relationships
Our Business Risks
OUR FINANCIAL RESULTS
Results of Operations – Consolidated Review
Results of Operations – Division Review
FLNA
QFNA
PBNA
LatAm
Europe
AMESA
APAC
Non-GAAP Measures
Items Affecting Comparability
Our Liquidity and Capital Resources
Changes in Line Items in Our Consolidated Financial Statements
Return on Invested Capital
OUR CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
Revenue Recognition
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Income Tax Expense and Accruals
Pension and Retiree Medical Plans
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1 – Basis of Presentation and Our Divisions
Note 2 – Our Significant Accounting Policies
Note 3 – Restructuring and Impairment Charges
Note 4 – Intangible Assets
Note 5 – Income Taxes
Note 6 – Share-Based Compensation
Note 7 – Pension, Retiree Medical and Savings Plans
Note 8 – Debt Obligations
Note 9 – Financial Instruments
Note 10 – Net Income Attributable to PepsiCo per Common Share
Note 11 – Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Attributable to PepsiCo
Note 12 – Leases
Note 13 – Acquisitions and Divestitures
Note 14 – Supply Chain Financing Arrangements
Note 15 – Supplemental Financial Information
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
GLOSSARY
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33
34
40
41
43
44
44
44
45
45
46
46
48
51
54
54
55
56
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58
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62
63
65
66
67
74
78
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109
110
111
113
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Our discussion and analysis is intended to help the reader understand our results of operations and
financial condition and is provided as an addition to, and should be read in connection with, our
consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Definitions of key terms can be found in
the glossary. Unless otherwise noted, tabular dollars are presented in millions, except per share amounts.
All per share amounts reflect common stock per share amounts, assume dilution unless otherwise noted,
and are based on unrounded amounts. Percentage changes are based on unrounded amounts.
Discussion in this Form 10-K includes results of operations and financial condition for 2023 and 2022
and year-over-year comparisons between 2023 and 2022. For discussion on results of operations and
financial condition pertaining to 2021 and year-over-year comparisons between 2022 and 2021, please
refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in
Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
OUR BUSINESS
Executive Overview
PepsiCo is a leading global convenient food and beverage company with a complementary portfolio of
brands, including Lay’s, Doritos, Cheetos, Gatorade, Pepsi-Cola, Mountain Dew, Quaker and SodaStream.
Through our operations, authorized bottlers, contract manufacturers and other third parties, we make,
market, distribute and sell a wide variety of beverages and convenient foods, serving customers and
consumers in more than 200 countries and territories.
As a global company with deep local ties, we faced many of the same challenges in 2023 as our
consumers, customers, and competitors across the world, including supply chain disruptions; inflationary
pressures; shifting consumer preferences and behaviors; ongoing climate issues; a highly competitive
operating environment; a rapidly changing retail landscape, including growth in e-commerce; continued
macroeconomic and political volatility, including the deadly conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East; and
an evolving regulatory landscape.
To meet the challenges of today – and those of tomorrow – we are driven by an approach called pep+
(PepsiCo Positive). pep+ is a strategic end-to-end transformation of our business, with sustainability at the
center of how the company will strive to create growth and value, while inspiring positive change for the
planet and people. pep+ guides how we are working to transform our business operations, and can be seen
in such efforts as sourcing ingredients and making and selling products in a more sustainable way, to
leveraging our more than one billion connections with consumers each day, to driving positive change
across our value chain and inspiring people to make choices that are better for themselves and the planet.
pep+ drives action and progress across three key pillars:
Positive Agriculture: We are working to expand and share regenerative practices across seven million
acres (approximately equal to the company’s agricultural footprint, sustainably source key crops and
ingredients, and improve the livelihoods of more people in our agricultural supply chain. Understanding
that scale and collaboration are essential to achieve these goals, in 2023, we expanded our partnership
approach with new programs aimed at accelerating regenerative agriculture. This included a $120 million
investment with Walmart to support regenerative agriculture on more than two million acres of farmland
in the United States and Canada and a $216 million investment with three of the most well-respected
farmer-facing organizations—Practical Farmers of Iowa, the Soil and Water Outcomes Fund and the
Illinois Corn Growers Association—to help drive adoption of regenerative agriculture practices across the
United States.
Technology is also a key enabler. Through the third year of our Positive Agriculture Outcomes
Accelerator, we invested in a variety of practical advancements with farmers across the globe, including
weather stations in Pakistan, on-farm water analysis in Iraq and sprinkler irrigation systems in Colombia.
32
We have continued developing new solutions, such as fertilizer produced from green hydrogen through a
partnership with Fertiberia in Spain, aiming to reduce emissions by 15% in potato crops. And through
innovations such as Agroscout, which combines artificial intelligence and drone technology, we are able
to identify crop diseases more efficiently, reducing pesticide use and improving crop yields.
Positive Value Chain: We are working to help build a circular and inclusive value chain through actions
aiming to: achieve net-zero emissions by 2040; become net water positive by 2030; and introduce more
sustainable packaging into the value chain. Our packaging goals include cutting virgin plastic per serving,
using more recycled content in our plastic packaging, and scaling our reusable packaging offerings by
2030.
As we work to decarbonize our operations, alongside growing our use of electric and alternative low
emission fuel vehicles, in 2023 we opened our first biomethane plant at our foods site in Manisa, Turkey,
converting dried corn husks and potato peelings into biogas. We are also embedding pep+ into our new
facilities, including our $320 million manufacturing facility in Poland.
To support our customers on their sustainability journey, we launched pep+ Partners for Tomorrow in the
United States to share training and initiatives on one platform. We are focused on reducing virgin plastic
through new launches of bottles made with recycled plastic in India and the United Arab Emirates, while
also expanding paper options, such as our Quaker pots and Walkers multipacks in the United Kingdom. In
December 2023, Walkers Sunbites announced the introduction of new packaging made with 50% recycled
plastic. Through 2023, we continued to scale new business models that require little or no single-use
packaging, including the iconic SodaStream, already sold in more than 40 countries. We also offer
returnable bottles in Mexico and Spain and are engaged in reusable cup pilots, including in the United
States.
We are also making progress on our diversity, equity and inclusion journey around the world. And we
continue to empower each of our approximately 318,000 employees to make a positive impact in their
communities through our global workforce volunteering program, One Smile at a Time.
Positive Choices: We continue working to evolve our portfolio of convenient food and beverage products
so they continue to be positive for the planet and people, including by incorporating more diverse
ingredients in both new and existing products, prioritizing legumes, plant-based proteins, whole grains and
fruits and vegetables; expanding our position in the nuts and seeds category; accelerating our reduction of
added sugars and sodium through the use of science-based targets across our portfolio; and cooking our
food offerings with healthier oils. In 2023, we announced two new ambitious nutrition goals, which aim to
further reduce sodium and purposefully deliver 145 billion portions of diverse ingredients annually by
2030.
We believe these priorities will position our Company for long-term sustainable growth.
See also “Item 1A. Risk Factors” for further information about risks and uncertainties that the Company
faces.
Our Operations
See “Item 1. Business” for information on our divisions and a description of our distribution network,
ingredients and other supplies, brands and intellectual property rights, seasonality, customers, competition,
research and development, regulatory matters and human capital. In addition, see Note 1 to our
consolidated financial statements for financial information about our divisions and geographic areas.
Other Relationships
Certain members of our Board also serve on the boards of certain vendors and customers. These Board
members do not participate in our vendor selection and negotiations nor in our customer negotiations. Our
33
transactions with these vendors and customers are in the normal course of business and are consistent with
terms negotiated with other vendors and customers. In addition, certain of our employees serve on the
boards of Pepsi Bottling Ventures LLC and other affiliated companies of PepsiCo and do not receive
incremental compensation for such services.
Our Business Risks
Risks Associated with Commodities and Our Supply Chain
During 2023, we continued to experience significantly higher operating costs, including on transportation,
labor and commodity (including energy) costs, which may continue in 2024. Many of the commodities
used in the production and transportation of our products are purchased in the open market. The prices we
pay for such items are subject to fluctuation, and we manage this risk through the use of fixed-price
contracts and purchase orders, pricing agreements and derivative instruments, including swaps and
futures. A number of external factors, including the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, the inflationary cost
environment, adverse weather conditions, supply chain disruptions (including raw material shortages) and
labor shortages, have impacted and may continue to impact transportation, labor and commodity
availability and costs. When prices increase, we may or may not pass on such increases to our customers
without suffering reduced volume, revenue, margins and operating results.
See Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements for further information on how we manage our
exposure to commodity prices.
Risks Associated with Climate Change
Certain jurisdictions in which our products are made, manufactured, distributed or sold have either
imposed, or are considering imposing, new or increased legal and regulatory requirements to reduce or
mitigate the potential effects of climate change, including regulation of greenhouse gas emissions and
potential carbon pricing programs. These new or increased legal or regulatory requirements, along with
initiatives to meet our sustainability goals, could result in significant increased costs and additional
investments in facilities and equipment. However, we are unable to predict the scope, nature and timing of
any new or increased environmental laws and regulations and therefore cannot predict the ultimate impact
of such laws and regulations on our business or financial results. We continue to monitor existing and
proposed laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which our products are made, manufactured,
distributed and sold and to consider actions we may take to potentially mitigate the unfavorable impact, if
any, of such laws or regulations.
Risks Associated with International Operations
We are subject to risks in the normal course of business that are inherent to international operations.
During the periods presented in this report, certain jurisdictions in which our products are made,
manufactured, distributed or sold, including in certain developing and emerging markets, operated in a
challenging environment, experiencing unstable economic, political and social conditions, civil unrest,
geopolitical conflicts, acts of war, terrorist acts, natural disasters, debt and credit issues and currency
controls or fluctuations. We continue to monitor the economic, operating and political environment in
these markets closely, including risks of additional impairments or write-offs, and to identify actions to
potentially mitigate any unfavorable impacts on our future results.
See Notes 1 and 4 to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of impairment charges
recognized in the years ended December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Risks Associated with the Deadly Conflict in Ukraine
In addition to the risks associated with international operations discussed above, we continue to face risks
associated with the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. The conflict and related sanctions imposed on Russia by
34
the United States and others has continued to result in worldwide geopolitical and macroeconomic
uncertainty and has impacted our operations in Ukraine and Russia. We have suspended sales to our
customers of Pepsi-Cola and certain of our other global beverage brands, our discretionary capital
investments and advertising and promotional activities in Russia, which has negatively impacted and
could continue to negatively impact our business. We continue to offer our other products in Russia. Our
operations in Russia accounted for 4% and 5% of our consolidated net revenue for the years ended
December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Russia accounted for 3% and 4% of our
consolidated assets and 35% and 32% of our accumulated currency translation adjustment loss as of
December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Our operations in Ukraine accounted for 0.3%
and 0.2% of our consolidated net revenue for the years ended December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022,
respectively. Ukraine accounted for 0.1% of our consolidated assets as of December 30, 2023 and
December 31, 2022.
The conflict has resulted and could continue to result in volatile commodity markets, supply chain
disruptions, increased risk of cyber incidents or other disruptions to our information systems, reputational
risks, heightened risks to employee safety, business disruptions (including labor shortages), significant
volatility of the Russian ruble, limitations on access to credit markets and other corporate banking
services, including working capital facilities, reduced availability and increased costs for transportation,
energy, packaging, raw materials and other input costs, environmental, health and safety risks related to
securing and maintaining facilities, additional sanctions, export controls and other legislation or
regulations (including restrictions on the transfer of funds to and from Russia). The ongoing conflict could
result in the temporary or permanent loss of assets, including the nationalization or expropriation of assets,
result in additional impairment charges or significantly affect our ability to manage our operations in these
markets which could result in the deconsolidation of such businesses. We cannot predict how and the
extent to which the conflict will continue to affect our employees, customers, operations or business
partners or impact our ability to achieve certain of our sustainability goals. The conflict has adversely
affected and could continue to adversely affect demand for our products and our global business. See
Notes 1 and 4 to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of the Russia-Ukraine conflict
charges, including impairment charges, recognized in the year ended December 31, 2022.
The extent of the impact of these tragic events on our business remains uncertain and will continue to
depend on numerous evolving factors that we are not able to accurately predict, including the duration and
scope of the conflict, regional instability and ongoing and additional financial and economic sanctions,
export controls and other legislation imposed by governments. We will continue to monitor and assess the
situation as circumstances evolve and to identify actions to potentially mitigate any unfavorable impacts
on our future results.
Imposition of Taxes and Regulations on our Products
Certain jurisdictions in which our products are made, manufactured, distributed or sold have either
imposed, or are considering imposing, new or increased taxes or regulations on the manufacture,
distribution or sale of our products or their packaging, ingredients or substances contained in, or attributes
of, our products or their packaging, commodities used in the production of our products or their packaging
or the recyclability or recoverability of our packaging. These taxes and regulations vary in scope and form.
For example, some taxes apply to all beverages, including non-caloric beverages, while others apply only
to beverages with a caloric sweetener (e.g., sugar). Further, some regulations apply to all products using
certain types of packaging (e.g., plastic), while others are designed to increase the sustainability of
packaging, encourage waste reduction and increased recycling rates or facilitate the waste management
process or restrict the sale of products in certain packaging.
We sell a wide variety of beverages and convenient foods in more than 200 countries and territories and
the profile of the products we sell, the amount of revenue attributable to such products and the type of
35
packaging used vary by jurisdiction. Because of this, we cannot predict the scope or form potential taxes,
regulations or other limitations on our products or their packaging may take, and therefore cannot predict
the impact of such taxes, regulations or limitations on our financial results. In addition, taxes, regulations
and limitations may impact us and our competitors differently. We continue to monitor existing and
proposed taxes and regulations in the jurisdictions in which our products are made, manufactured,
distributed and sold and to consider actions we may take to potentially mitigate the unfavorable impact, if
any, of such taxes, regulations or limitations, including advocating alternative measures with respect to the
imposition, form and scope of any such taxes, regulations or limitations.
OECD Global Minimum Tax
Numerous countries have agreed to a statement in support of the OECD model rules that propose a global
minimum tax rate of 15%. Certain countries, including European Union member states, have enacted or
are expected to enact legislation incorporating the agreed to global minimum tax with effect as early as
2024, and widespread implementation of a global minimum tax is expected as soon as 2025. As the
legislation becomes effective in countries in which we do business, our taxes could increase and
negatively impact our provision for income taxes. We will continue to monitor pending legislation and
implementation by individual countries and evaluate the potential impact on our business in future
periods.
Retail Landscape
Our industry continues to be affected by disruption of the retail landscape, including the continued growth
in sales through e-commerce websites and mobile commerce applications, including through subscription
services, the integration of physical and digital operations among retailers and the international expansion
of hard discounters. We have seen and expect to continue to see a further shift to e-commerce, online-to-
offline and other online purchasing by consumers. We continue to monitor changes in the retail landscape
and seek to identify actions we may take to build our global e-commerce and digital capabilities, such as
expanding our direct-to-consumer business, and distribute our products effectively through all existing and
emerging channels of trade and potentially mitigate any unfavorable impacts on our future results.
The retail industry also continues to be impacted by the actions and increasing power of retailers,
including as a result consolidation of ownership resulting in large retailers or buying groups with
increased purchasing power, particularly in North America, Europe and Latin America. We have seen and
expect to continue to see retailers and buying groups impact our ability to compete in these jurisdictions.
We continue to monitor our relationships with retailers and buying groups and seek to identify actions we
may take to maintain mutually beneficial relationships and resolve any significant disputes and potentially
mitigate any unfavorable impacts on our future results.
See also “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” “Executive Overview” above and “Market Risks” below for more
information about these risks and the actions we have taken to address key challenges.
Risk Management Framework
The achievement of our strategic and operating objectives involves risks, many of which evolve over time.
To identify, assess, prioritize, address, manage, monitor and communicate these risks across the
Company’s operations and foster a corporate culture of integrity and risk awareness, we leverage an
integrated risk management framework. This framework includes the following:
•
PepsiCo’s Board has oversight responsibility for PepsiCo’s integrated risk management
framework. One of the Board’s primary responsibilities is overseeing and interacting with senior
management with respect to key aspects of the Company’s business, including risk assessment
and risk mitigation of the Company’s top risks. Throughout the year, the Board and relevant
Committees of the Board receive updates from management with respect to various enterprise risk
36
management issues and dedicate a portion of their meetings to reviewing and discussing specific
risk topics in greater detail, including risks related to cybersecurity, food safety, sustainability,
human capital management (including diversity, equity and inclusion) and supply chain and
commodity inflation. The Board receives and provides feedback on regular updates from
management regarding the Company’s top risks, including updates from members of management
responsible for overseeing impacted areas (for example, the Chief Strategy and Transformation
Officer and Chief Information Security Officer), governance processes associated with managing
these risks, the status of projects to strengthen the Company’s risk mitigation efforts and recent
incidents impacting the industry and threat landscape. Given that cybersecurity risks can impact
various areas of responsibility of the Committees of the Board, the Board believes it is useful and
effective for the full Board to maintain direct oversight over cybersecurity matters. In evaluating
top risks, the Board and management consider short-, medium- and long-term potential impacts
on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations, including looking at the
internal and external environment when evaluating risks, risk amplifiers and emerging trends, and
considers the risk horizon as part of prioritizing the Company’s risk mitigation efforts. The Board
receives updates through presentations, memos and other written materials, teleconferences and
other appropriate means of communication, with numerous opportunities for discussion and
feedback, and continuously evaluates its approach in addressing top risks as circumstances
evolve. For example, as part of risk updates to the Board and relevant Committees during 2023,
the Board or its relevant Committee were provided updates on the impact of disruptive events,
such as the Russia-Ukraine conflict, supply chain disruption and commodity inflation. The Board
also receives periodic updates from external experts and advisers on global macroeconomic trends
and conditions that may impact the Company’s strategy and financial performance, including
geopolitical conflicts, economic instability, labor market trends, changing consumer behavior,
retail disruption and digitalization.
The Board has tasked designated Committees of the Board with oversight of certain categories of
risk management, and the Committees report to the Board regularly on these matters.
◦ The Audit Committee of the Board reviews and assesses the guidelines and policies
governing PepsiCo’s risk management and oversight processes, and assists the Board’s
oversight of financial, compliance and employee safety risks facing PepsiCo. The Audit
Committee also assists the Board’s oversight of the Company’s compliance with legal and
regulatory requirements and the Chief Compliance & Ethics Officer, who reports to the
General Counsel, meets regularly with the Audit Committee, including in executive
session without management present;
◦ The Compensation Committee of the Board reviews PepsiCo’s employee compensation
policies and practices to assess whether such policies and practices could lead to
unnecessary risk-taking behavior;
◦ The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee assists the Board in its oversight
of the Company’s governance structure and other corporate governance matters, including
succession planning; and
◦ The Sustainability, Diversity and Public Policy Committee of the Board assists the Board
in its oversight of PepsiCo’s policies, programs and related risks that concern key
sustainability (including climate change), diversity, equity and inclusion, and public policy
matters.
• The PepsiCo Risk Committee (PRC) meets regularly to identify, assess, prioritize and address top
strategic, financial, operating, compliance, safety, reputational and other risks. The PRC is also
37
responsible for reporting progress on our risk mitigation efforts to the Board and designated Committees. The PRC is comprised of a cross-functional, geographically diverse, senior management group, including PepsiCo’s Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, General Counsel, Sector Chief Executive Officers and the heads of Corporate Affairs, Human Resources, Research & Development, Information Technology, Sustainability, Strategy, Transformation, International Beverages, Commercial, Global Operations, Marketing and Financial Planning & Analysis;•Division and key market risk committees, comprised of cross-functional senior management teams, meet regularly to identify, assess, prioritize and address division and country-specific business risks;•PepsiCo’s Risk Management Office, which manages the overall risk management process, provides ongoing guidance, tools and analytical support to the PRC and the division and key country risk committees, identifies and assesses potential risks and facilitates ongoing communication between the parties, as well as with PepsiCo’s Board, the Audit Committee of the Board and other Committees of the Board;•PepsiCo’s Internal Audit Department evaluates the ongoing effectiveness of our key internal controls through periodic audit and review procedures; and•PepsiCo’s Compliance & Ethics and Law Departments lead and coordinate our compliance policies and practices.•PepsiCo’s Disclosure Committee, comprised of the General Counsel, Controller and heads of Internal Audit, Financial Planning & Analysis and Investor Relations, evaluates information from PepsiCo’s integrated risk management framework as part of the Disclosure Committee’s monitoring of the integrity and effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. PepsiCo’s risk oversight processes and disclosure controls and procedures are designed to appropriately escalate key risks to the Board as well as to analyze potential risks for disclosure.Market RisksWe are exposed to market risks arising from adverse changes in:•commodity prices, affecting the cost of our raw materials and energy;•foreign exchange rates and currency restrictions; and•interest rates.In the normal course of business, we manage commodity price, foreign exchange and interest rate risks through a variety of strategies, including productivity initiatives, global purchasing programs and hedging. Ongoing productivity initiatives involve the identification and effective implementation of meaningful cost-saving opportunities or efficiencies, including the use of derivatives. Our global purchasing programs include fixed-price contracts and purchase orders and pricing agreements. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” for further discussion of our market risks. The fair value of our derivatives fluctuates based on market rates and prices. The sensitivity of our derivatives to these market fluctuations is discussed below. See Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion of these derivatives and our hedging policies. The fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible assets is impacted by changes in market conditions, including interest rates and inflationary, deflationary and recessionary conditions. See “Our Critical Accounting Policies and 38 Estimates” for a discussion of the exposure of our goodwill and other intangible assets and pension and retiree medical plan assets and liabilities to risks related to market fluctuations.Inflationary, deflationary and recessionary conditions impacting these market risks also impact the demand for and pricing of our products. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” for further discussion.Commodity PricesOur commodity derivatives had a total notional value of $1.7 billion as of December 30, 2023 and $1.8 billion as of December 31, 2022. At the end of 2023, the potential change in fair value of commodity derivative instruments, assuming a 10% decrease in the underlying commodity price, would have increased our net unrealized losses in 2023 by $157 million, which would generally be offset by a reduction in the cost of the underlying commodity purchases.Foreign ExchangeOur operations outside of the United States generated 43% of our consolidated net revenue in 2023, with Mexico, Canada, Russia, China, the United Kingdom, Brazil and South Africa, collectively, comprising approximately 25% of our consolidated net revenue in 2023. As a result, we are exposed to foreign exchange risks in the international markets in which our products are made, manufactured, distributed or sold. Additionally, we are exposed to foreign exchange risk from net investments in foreign subsidiaries, foreign currency purchases, foreign currency assets and liabilities created in the normal course of business. During 2023, unfavorable foreign exchange reduced net revenue growth by 2 percentage points, primarily due to declines in the Russian ruble and Egyptian pound, partially offset by an appreciation of the Mexican peso. Currency declines against the U.S. dollar which are not offset could adversely impact our future financial results.In addition, volatile economic, political and social conditions and civil unrest in certain markets in which our products are made, manufactured, distributed or sold, including in Argentina, Brazil, China, Mexico, the Middle East, Pakistan, Russia, Turkey and Ukraine, and currency controls or fluctuations in certain of these international markets, continue to, and the threat or imposition of new or increased tariffs or sanctions or other impositions in or related to these international markets may, result in challenging operating environments.Our foreign currency derivatives had a total notional value of $3.8 billion as of December 30, 2023 and $3.0 billion as of December 31, 2022. At the end of 2023, we estimate that an unfavorable 10% change in the underlying exchange rates would have increased our net unrealized losses in 2023 by $371 million, which would be significantly offset by an inverse change in the fair value of the underlying exposure.The total notional amount of our debt instruments designated as net investment hedges was $3.0 billion as of December 30, 2023 and $2.9 billion as of December 31, 2022. Interest RatesOur interest rate derivatives had a total notional value of $1.3 billion as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Assuming year-end 2023 investment levels and variable rate debt, a 1-percentage-point increase in interest rates would have decreased our net interest expense in 2023 by $57 million due to higher cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments levels, as compared with our variable rate debt.39 OUR FINANCIAL RESULTSResults of Operations — Consolidated ReviewVolume Physical or unit volume is one of the key metrics management uses internally to make operating and strategic decisions, including the preparation of our annual operating plan and the evaluation of our business performance. We believe volume provides additional information to facilitate the comparison of our historical operating performance and underlying trends, and provides additional transparency on how we evaluate our business because it measures demand for our products at the consumer level. Unit volume growth adjusts for the impacts of acquisitions and divestitures. Acquisitions and divestitures, when used in this report, reflect mergers and acquisitions activity, as well as divestitures and other structural changes, including changes in ownership or control in consolidated subsidiaries and nonconsolidated equity investees. Further, our fiscal 2022 results include an additional week (53rd reporting week). Unit volume growth excludes the impact of the 53rd reporting week from 2022 results.Beverage volume includes volume of concentrate sold to independent bottlers and volume of finished products bearing company-owned or licensed trademarks and allied brand products and joint venture trademarks sold by company-owned bottling operations. Beverage volume also includes volume of finished products bearing company-owned or licensed trademarks sold by our noncontrolled affiliates. Concentrate volume sold to independent bottlers is reported in concentrate shipments and equivalents (CSE), whereas finished beverage product volume is reported in bottler case sales (BCS). Both CSE and BCS convert all beverage volume to an 8-ounce-case metric. Typically, CSE and BCS are not equal in any given period due to seasonality, timing of product launches, product mix, bottler inventory practices and other factors. While our net revenue is not entirely based on BCS volume due to the independent bottlers in our supply chain, we believe that BCS is a better measure of the consumption of our beverage products. PBNA, LatAm, Europe, AMESA and APAC, either independently or in conjunction with third parties, make, market, distribute and sell ready-to-drink tea products through a joint venture with Unilever (under the Lipton brand name), and PBNA, either independently or in conjunction with third parties, makes, markets, distributes and sells ready-to-drink coffee products through a joint venture with Starbucks.Convenient food volume includes volume sold by us and our noncontrolled affiliates of convenient food products bearing company-owned or licensed trademarks. Internationally, we measure convenient food product volume in kilograms, while in North America we measure convenient food product volume in pounds. FLNA makes, markets, distributes and sells Sabra refrigerated dips and spreads through a joint venture with Strauss Group. Consolidated Net Revenue and Operating Profit 20232022ChangeNet revenue$ 91,471 $ 86,392 6 %Operating profit$ 11,986 $ 11,512 4 %Operating margin 13.1 % 13.3 % (0.2) See “Results of Operations – Division Review” for a tabular presentation and discussion of key drivers of net revenue. Operating profit grew 4% while operating margin declined 0.2 percentage points. Operating profit growth was primarily driven by effective net pricing, productivity savings, an 11-percentage-point favorable impact of prior-year charges associated with the Russia-Ukraine conflict, and a 5-percentage-point favorable impact of prior-year impairment on intangible assets, investment and property, plant and equipment and other charges as a result of management’s decision to reposition or discontinue the sale/40 distribution of certain brands and to sell an investment (brand portfolio impairment charges). These impacts were partially offset by certain operating cost increases, a 26-percentage-point unfavorable impact of the prior-year gain associated with the Juice Transaction, a 22-percentage-point impact of higher commodity costs, a decrease in organic volume and higher advertising and marketing expenses. Corporate unallocated expenses reflect an increase in expenses related to our ongoing business initiatives and higher contributions to The PepsiCo Foundation, Inc. to fund charitable and social programs. The 53rd reporting week in the prior year reduced operating profit growth by 1 percentage point.The operating margin decline primarily reflects the unfavorable impact of the prior-year gain associated with the Juice Transaction partially offset by the prior-year charges associated with the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the brand portfolio impairment charges.Other Consolidated Results 20232022ChangeOther pension and retiree medical benefits income$ 250 $ 132 $ 118 Net interest expense and other$ 819 $ 939 $ (120) Annual tax rate 19.8 % 16.1 %Net income attributable to PepsiCo$ 9,074 $ 8,910 2 %Net income attributable to PepsiCo per common share – diluted$ 6.56 $ 6.42 2 %Other pension and retiree medical benefits income increased $118 million, primarily reflecting prior-year settlement charges of $318 million related to U.S. defined benefit plans. In addition, the increase in other pension and retiree medical benefits income reflects lower amortization of net losses on pension obligations and a higher rate of expected return on plan assets, partially offset by higher interest cost and recognition of fixed income losses on plan assets, all driven primarily by higher interest rates.Net interest expense and other decreased $120 million, primarily due to higher interest rates on average cash balances, gains on the market value of investments used to economically hedge a portion of our deferred compensation liability and higher average cash balances, partially offset by higher interest rates on debt and higher average debt balances.The reported tax rate increased 3.7 percentage points, primarily reflecting the prior-year adjustment to reserves for uncertain tax positions as a result of our agreement with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to settle one of the issues assessed in the 2014 to 2016 audit as well as the prior-year impact of the Juice Transaction.Results of Operations — Division ReviewSee “Our Business Risks,” “Non-GAAP Measures” and “Items Affecting Comparability” for a discussion of items to consider when evaluating our results and related information regarding measures not in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). In the discussions of net revenue and operating profit below, “effective net pricing” reflects the year-over-year impact of discrete pricing actions, sales incentive activities and mix resulting from selling varying products in different package sizes and in different countries.41 Net Revenue and Organic Revenue Growth
Organic revenue growth is a non-GAAP financial measure. For further information on this measure, see
“Non-GAAP Measures.”
2023
Impact of
Impact of
Reported
% Change,
GAAP
Measure
Foreign
exchange
translation
Acquisitions
and
divestitures
53rd
reporting
week
Organic
% Change,
Non-GAAP
Measure(a)
Organic
volume(b)
Effective
net
pricing
7 %
(2) %
5 %
19 %
4 %
(5) %
— %
6 %
—
—
—
(9)
8
21
4
2
—
—
—
1
1
1
—
—
2
2
1.5
—
—
—
—
1
9 %
1 %
7 %
11 %
14 %
17 %
4 %
9 %
(1)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
10
5
12
16
16
20
6
13
FLNA
QFNA (c)
PBNA
LatAm
Europe
AMESA
APAC
Total
(a) Amounts may not sum due to rounding.
(b) Excludes the impact of acquisitions and divestitures and the 53rd reporting week. In certain instances, the impact of organic volume on
net revenue growth differs from the unit volume change disclosed in the following divisional discussions due to the impacts of product
mix, nonconsolidated joint venture volume, and, for our franchise-owned beverage businesses, temporary timing differences between
BCS and CSE. We report net revenue from our franchise-owned beverage businesses based on CSE. The volume sold by our
nonconsolidated joint ventures has no direct impact on our net revenue.
(c) Net revenue decline was impacted by product returns related to the Quaker Recall by 2 percentage points, as well as cessation of sales of
products as a result of the Quaker Recall.
Operating Profit/(Loss), Operating Profit/(Loss) Adjusted for Items Affecting Comparability and
Operating Profit/(Loss) Performance Adjusted for Items Affecting Comparability on a Constant
Currency Basis
Operating profit/(loss) adjusted for items affecting comparability and operating profit/(loss) performance
adjusted for items affecting comparability on a constant currency basis are both non-GAAP financial
measures. For further information on these measures, see “Non-GAAP Measures” and “Items Affecting
Comparability.”
Operating Profit/(Loss) and Operating Profit/(Loss) Adjusted for Items Affecting Comparability
Reported,
GAAP
Measure
$
6,755 $
492
2,584
2,252
767
807
713
(2,384)
$ 11,986 $
FLNA
QFNA
PBNA
LatAm
Europe
AMESA
APAC
Corporate unallocated
expenses
Total
2023
Items Affecting Comparability(a)
Mark-to-
market net
impact
Restructuring
and
impairment
charges
Acquisition and
divestiture-
related
charges
Impairment
and other
charges
Product
recall-
related
impact
Core,
Non-
GAAP
Measure
6,797
628
2,962
2,283
1,843
817
780
— $
136
—
—
—
—
—
— $
—
321
2
855
(7)
59
—
1,230 $
—
(2,235)
136 $ 13,875
— $
—
16
—
(2)
2
—
25
41 $
— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
36
36 $
42 $
—
41
29
223
15
8
88
446 $
42
FLNA
QFNA
PBNA
LatAm
Europe
AMESA
APAC
Corporate unallocated expenses
Total
Reported,
GAAP
Measure
$
6,135 $
604
5,426
1,627
(1,380)
666
537
(2,103)
$ 11,512 $
2022
Items Affecting Comparability(a)
Mark-to-
market net
impact
Restructuring
and
impairment
charges
Acquisition and
divestiture-
related charges
Gain
associated
with the Juice
Transaction
Impairment
and other
charges
Core,
Non-
GAAP
Measure
— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
62
62 $
46 $
7
68
32
109
12
16
90
380 $
— $
—
51
—
14
3
—
6
74 $
— $
—
(3,029)
—
(292)
—
—
—
(3,321) $
88 $
—
160
71
2,932
190
177
—
6,269
611
2,676
1,730
1,383
871
730
(1,945)
3,618 $ 12,325
(a)
See “Items Affecting Comparability.”
Operating Profit/(Loss) Performance and Operating Profit/(Loss) Performance Adjusted for Items
Affecting Comparability on a Constant Currency Basis
Impact of Items Affecting Comparability(a)
Impact of
2023
Reported
%
Change,
GAAP
Measure
Mark-to-
market
net
impact
Restructuring
and
impairment
charges
Acquisition
and
divestiture
-related
charges
Gain
associated
with the
Juice
Transaction
Impairment
and other
charges
Product
recall-
related
impact
Core
% Change,
Non-GAAP
Measure(b)
Foreign
exchange
translation
FLNA
QFNA
PBNA
LatAm
Europe
AMESA
APAC
Corporate
unallocated
expenses
Total
10 %
(19) %
(52) %
38 %
n/m
21 %
33 %
13 %
4 %
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
5
—
See “Items Affecting Comparability.”
(a)
(b) Amounts may not sum due to rounding.
—
(1)
(0.5)
—
n/m
0.5
(2)
—
0.5
—
—
(1)
—
n/m
—
—
(3.5)
—
—
—
61
—
n/m
—
—
—
26
(2)
—
3
(6)
n/m
(28)
(24)
—
(19)
—
22
—
—
—
—
—
—
1
8 %
3 %
11 %
32 %
33 %
(6) %
7 %
15 %
13 %
—
—
—
(13)
16
21
4
—
2
Core
Constant
Currency
% Change,
Non-GAAP
Measure(b)
9 %
3 %
11 %
19 %
50 %
15 %
11 %
15 %
15 %
n/m - Not meaningful due to the impact of impairment and other charges, resulting in an operating loss in 2022.
FLNA
Net revenue grew 7%, primarily driven by effective net pricing, partially offset by the impact of the 53rd
reporting week in the prior year, which reduced net revenue by 2 percentage points.
Unit volume decreased 1%, primarily driven by a high-single-digit decline in dips, a mid-single-digit
decline in trademark Tostitos and a low-single-digit decline in trademark Lay’s, partially offset by double-
digit growth in Sunchips and mid-single-digit growth in trademark Cheetos.
Operating profit increased 10%, primarily reflecting the effective net pricing, productivity savings and a 2-
percentage-point favorable impact of prior-year impairment charges associated with a baked fruit
convenient food brand. These impacts were partially offset by certain operating cost increases, including
strategic initiatives, and a 10-percentage-point impact of higher commodity costs, primarily cooking oil,
seasoning ingredients and potatoes. The 53rd reporting week in the prior year reduced operating profit
growth by 2 percentage points.
43
QFNA
Net revenue declined 2%, primarily driven by a decrease in organic volume and a 2-percentage-point
negative impact of the 53rd reporting week in the prior year, partially offset by effective net pricing. The
organic volume decline and effective net pricing collectively included a 2-percentage-point negative
impact of the product returns from the Quaker Recall and was negatively impacted by cessation of sales of
products as a result of the Quaker Recall.
Unit volume declined 5% primarily reflecting a high-single-digit decline in oatmeal, a double-digit decline
in bars, a high-single-digit decline in rice/pasta sides and a low-single-digit decline in ready-to-eat cereals.
The unit volume decline in bars and ready-to-eat cereals was negatively impacted by the Quaker Recall.
Operating profit declined 19%, reflecting a 22-percentage-point impact of product returns and charges
associated with the Quaker Recall, certain operating cost increases, the decrease in organic volume, a 9-
percentage-point impact of higher commodity costs, higher advertising and marketing expenses and a 2-
percentage-point unfavorable impact of the 53rd reporting week in the prior year. These impacts were
partially offset by effective net pricing and productivity savings.
In 2024, unit volume, net revenue and operating profit will continue to be negatively impacted by the
Quaker Recall due to lower sales and additional charges.
PBNA
Net revenue increased 5%, primarily driven by effective net pricing, partially offset by a decrease in
organic volume. The 53rd reporting week in the prior year reduced net revenue growth by 1.5 percentage
points.
Unit volume decreased 5%, driven by a 6% decrease in non-carbonated beverage (NCB) volume and a 4%
decrease in CSD volume. The NCB volume decrease primarily reflected high-single-digit decreases in
Gatorade sports drinks and our overall water portfolio.
Operating profit decreased 52%, primarily reflecting the unfavorable impact of the prior-year gain of $3.0
billion associated with the Juice Transaction and the current-year impairment charges of $321 million
related to our TBG investment, partially offset by the prior-year impairment and other related charges of
$160 million associated with our decision to terminate the agreement with Vital Pharmaceuticals, Inc. to
distribute Bang energy drinks. Operating profit also decreased due to certain operating cost increases, the
decrease in organic volume, an 18-percentage-point impact of higher commodity costs, primarily
sweeteners and energy, a 5-percentage-point unfavorable impact due to a prior-year gain on an asset sale
and higher advertising and marketing expenses. Additionally, operating profit performance reflects a 2-
percentage-point unfavorable impact of the 53rd reporting week in the prior year. These impacts were
partially offset by the effective net pricing and productivity savings.
LatAm
Net revenue increased 19%, primarily reflecting effective net pricing and a 9-percentage-point impact of
favorable foreign exchange, partially offset by a net organic volume decline.
Convenient foods unit volume declined 4%, primarily reflecting a double-digit decline in Colombia.
Additionally, Mexico and Brazil experienced low-single-digit declines.
Beverage unit volume grew 3%, primarily reflecting low-single-digit growth in Mexico and mid-single-
digit growth in Guatemala and Colombia, partially offset by a mid-single-digit decline in Argentina.
Additionally, Chile experienced slight growth and Brazil experienced low-single-digit growth.
Operating profit increased 38%, primarily reflecting the effective net pricing, productivity savings, a 13-
percentage-point impact of favorable foreign exchange and a 6-percentage-point favorable impact of a
44
prior-year impairment and other charges associated with the sale of certain non-strategic brands. These
impacts were partially offset by certain operating cost increases, the net organic volume decline, an 11-
percentage-point impact of higher commodity costs, primarily potatoes, sweeteners and other ingredients
and higher advertising and marketing expenses.
Europe
Net revenue increased 4%, primarily reflecting effective net pricing, partially offset by an 8-percentage-
point impact of unfavorable foreign exchange and an organic volume decline.
Convenient foods unit volume decreased slightly, primarily reflecting a high-single-digit decline in the
United Kingdom, a double-digit decline in Spain, a mid-single-digit decline in France and a low-single-
digit decline in the Netherlands, partially offset by double-digit growth in Russia and high-single-digit
growth in Turkey.
Beverage unit volume declined 3%, primarily reflecting a double-digit decline in Germany, a high-single-
digit decline in France and a low-single-digit decline in Russia, partially offset by double-digit growth in
Turkey. Additionally, the United Kingdom experienced a low-single-digit decline.
Operating profit improvement primarily reflects the favorable impact of prior-year charges associated with
the Russia-Ukraine conflict and impairment of intangible assets related to the repositioning or
discontinuation of certain juice and dairy brands in Russia (brand portfolio impairment charges) and the
favorable impact of lower impairment charges related to the SodaStream business (other impairment
charges), partially offset by the unfavorable impact of the prior-year gain associated with the Juice
Transaction. Operating profit improvement also reflects the effective net pricing and productivity savings.
These impacts were partially offset by certain operating cost increases, a 54-percentage-point impact of
higher commodity costs, primarily sweeteners, packaging and potatoes, a 16-percentage-point impact of
unfavorable foreign exchange, higher advertising and marketing expenses and the organic volume decline.
AMESA
Net revenue declined 5%, primarily reflecting a 21-percentage-point impact of unfavorable foreign
exchange, driven primarily by the weakening of the Egyptian pound, and a net organic volume decline,
partially offset by effective net pricing.
Convenient foods unit volume declined 3.5%, primarily reflecting a high-single-digit decline in South
Africa, partially offset by high-single-digit growth in the Middle East and low-single-digit growth in
Pakistan. Additionally, India experienced a low-single-digit decline.
Beverage unit volume grew 2%, primarily reflecting double-digit growth in India and low-single-digit
growth in the Middle East, partially offset by a double-digit decline in Pakistan and a low-single-digit
decline in Nigeria.
Operating profit grew 21%, primarily reflecting a 24-percentage-point favorable impact of impairment and
other charges associated with our decision to sell or discontinue certain non-strategic brands and an
investment in the prior year (brand portfolio impairment charges), a 4-percentage-point favorable impact
of impairment charges primarily related to certain juice brands from the Pioneer Food Group Ltd. (Pioneer
Foods) acquisition in the prior year (other impairment charges), the effective net pricing and productivity
savings. These impacts were partially offset by a 70-percentage-point impact of higher commodity costs,
primarily packaging materials, sweeteners and grains, largely driven by transaction-related foreign
exchange, certain operating cost increases and a 21-percentage-point impact of unfavorable foreign
exchange, primarily due to weakening of the Egyptian pound.
45
APACNet revenue grew slightly, primarily reflecting effective net pricing, partially offset by a 4-percentage-point impact of unfavorable foreign exchange and a net organic volume decline.Convenient foods unit volume declined 2%, primarily reflecting a double-digit decline in Thailand and a low-single-digit decline in Australia, partially offset by low-single-digit growth in China.Beverage unit volume grew 2.5%, primarily reflecting mid-single-digit growth in China, high-single-digit growth in Thailand and low-single-digit growth in Vietnam, partially offset by a mid-single-digit decline in the Philippines.Operating profit grew 33%, primarily reflecting a 23-percentage-point favorable impact of lower impairment charges related to the Be & Cheery brand (other impairment charges), the effective net pricing and productivity savings. These impacts were partially offset by certain operating cost increases, higher advertising and marketing expenses, the net organic volume decline, a 5-percentage-point impact of higher commodity costs and a 4-percentage-point impact of unfavorable foreign exchange.Non-GAAP MeasuresCertain financial measures contained in this Form 10-K adjust for the impact of specified items and are not in accordance with GAAP. We use non-GAAP financial measures internally to make operating and strategic decisions, including the preparation of our annual operating plan, evaluation of our overall business performance and as a factor in determining compensation for certain employees. We believe presenting non-GAAP financial measures in this Form 10-K provides additional information to facilitate comparison of our historical operating results and trends in our underlying operating results and provides additional transparency on how we evaluate our business. We also believe presenting these measures in this Form 10-K allows investors to view our performance using the same measures that we use in evaluating our financial and business performance and trends. We consider quantitative and qualitative factors in assessing whether to adjust for the impact of items that may be significant or that could affect an understanding of our ongoing financial and business performance or trends. Examples of items for which we may make adjustments include: amounts related to mark-to-market gains or losses (non-cash); charges related to restructuring plans; charges associated with acquisitions and divestitures; gains associated with divestitures; asset impairment charges (non-cash); product recall-related impact; pension and retiree medical-related amounts, including all settlement and curtailment gains and losses; charges or adjustments related to the enactment of new laws, rules or regulations, such as tax law changes; amounts related to the resolution of tax positions; tax benefits related to reorganizations of our operations; debt redemptions, cash tender or exchange offers; and remeasurements of net monetary assets. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2021, certain immaterial pension and retiree medical-related settlement and curtailment gains and losses were not considered items affecting comparability. Pension and retiree medical-related service cost, interest cost, expected return on plan assets, and other net periodic pension costs continue to be reflected in our core results. See below and “Items Affecting Comparability” for a description of adjustments to our GAAP financial measures in this Form 10-K. Non-GAAP information should be considered as supplemental in nature and is not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the related financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. In addition, our non-GAAP financial measures may not be the same as or comparable to similar non-GAAP measures presented by other companies.46 The following non-GAAP financial measures contained in this Form 10-K are discussed below:Cost of sales, gross profit, selling, general and administrative expenses, gain associated with the Juice Transaction, impairment of intangible assets, other pension and retiree medical benefits income, net interest expense and other, provision for income taxes, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests and net income attributable to PepsiCo, each adjusted for items affecting comparability, operating profit and net income attributable to PepsiCo per common share – diluted, each adjusted for items affecting comparability, and the corresponding constant currency growth ratesThese measures exclude the net impact of mark-to-market gains and losses on centrally managed commodity derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting, restructuring and impairment charges related to our 2019 Multi-Year Productivity Plan (2019 Productivity Plan), charges associated with our acquisitions and divestitures, the gain associated with the Juice Transaction, impairment and other charges comprised of Russia-Ukraine conflict charges, brand portfolio impairment charges and other impairment charges, product recall-related impact, the impact of settlement and curtailment gains and losses related to pension and retiree medical plans, a charge related to cash tender offers, tax benefit related to the IRS audit and tax expense related to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJ Act) (see “Items Affecting Comparability” for a detailed description of each of these items). We also evaluate performance on operating profit and net income attributable to PepsiCo per common share – diluted, each adjusted for items affecting comparability, on a constant currency basis, which measure our financial results assuming constant foreign currency exchange rates used for translation based on the rates in effect for the comparable prior-year period. In order to compute our constant currency results, we multiply or divide, as appropriate, our current-year U.S. dollar results by the current-year average foreign exchange rates and then multiply or divide, as appropriate, those amounts by the prior-year average foreign exchange rates. We believe these measures provide useful information in evaluating the results of our business because they exclude items that we believe are not indicative of our ongoing performance or that we believe impact comparability with the prior year.Organic revenue growthWe define organic revenue growth as a measure that adjusts for the impacts of foreign exchange translation, acquisitions and divestitures, and every five or six years, the impact of the 53rd reporting week, including in our 2022 financial results. Adjusting for acquisitions and divestitures reflects mergers and acquisitions activity, as well as divestitures and other structural changes, including changes in ownership or control in consolidated subsidiaries and nonconsolidated equity investees. We believe organic revenue growth provides useful information in evaluating the results of our business because it excludes items that we believe are not indicative of ongoing performance or that we believe impact comparability with the prior year.See “Net Revenue and Organic Revenue Growth” in “Results of Operations – Division Review” for further information.Free cash flowWe define free cash flow as net cash from operating activities less capital spending, plus sales of property, plant and equipment. Since net capital spending is essential to our product innovation initiatives and maintaining our operational capabilities, we believe that it is a recurring and necessary use of cash. As such, we believe investors should also consider net capital spending when evaluating our cash from operating activities. Free cash flow is used by us primarily for acquisitions and financing activities, including debt repayments, dividends and share repurchases. Free cash flow is not a measure of cash available for discretionary expenditures since we have certain non-discretionary obligations such as debt service that are not deducted from the measure.47 See “Free Cash Flow” in “Our Liquidity and Capital Resources” for further information.
Return on invested capital (ROIC) and net ROIC, excluding items affecting comparability
We define ROIC as net income attributable to PepsiCo plus interest expense after-tax divided by the sum
of quarterly average debt obligations and quarterly average common shareholders’ equity. Although ROIC
is a common financial metric, numerous methods exist for calculating ROIC. Accordingly, the method
used by management to calculate ROIC may differ from the methods other companies use to calculate
their ROIC.
We believe this metric serves as a measure of how well we use our capital to generate returns. In addition,
we use net ROIC, excluding items affecting comparability, to compare our performance over various
reporting periods on a consistent basis because it removes from our operating results the impact of items
that we believe are not indicative of our ongoing performance and reflects how management evaluates our
operating results and trends. We define net ROIC, excluding items affecting comparability, as ROIC,
adjusted for quarterly average cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, after-tax interest income
and items affecting comparability. We believe the calculation of ROIC and net ROIC, excluding items
affecting comparability, provides useful information to investors and is an additional relevant comparison
of our performance to consider when evaluating our capital allocation efficiency.
See “Return on Invested Capital” in “Our Liquidity and Capital Resources” for further information.
Items Affecting Comparability
Our reported financial results in this Form 10-K are impacted by the following items in each of the
following years:
2023
Cost of
sales
Gross
profit
Selling, general
and
administrative
expenses
Impairment
of
intangible
assets
Operating
profit
Other
pension
and
retiree
medical
benefits
income
$ 41,881 $ 49,590 $
36,677 $
927 $ 11,986 $
Provision
for
income
taxes(a)
250 $ 2,262 $
Net income
attributable to
noncontrolling
interests
Reported, GAAP Measure
Items Affecting Comparability
Mark-to-market net impact
Restructuring and impairment
charges
Acquisition and divestiture-
related charges
Impairment and other charges
(3)
(13)
—
5
3
13
—
(5)
Product recall-related impact
(136)
136
Pension and retiree medical-
related impact
—
—
(33)
(433)
(41)
(308)
—
—
—
—
—
(927)
—
—
36
446
41
1,230
136
—
—
(1)
—
—
—
14
9
96
18
284
32
3
Net income
attributable
to PepsiCo
81 $
9,074
—
1
—
—
—
—
27
348
23
946
104
11
Core, Non-GAAP Measure
$ 41,734 $ 49,737 $
35,862 $
— $ 13,875 $
263 $ 2,704 $
82 $ 10,533
48
2022
Selling,
general and
administrative
expenses
Gain
associated
with the
Juice
Transaction
Impairment
of
intangible
assets
Operating
profit
Cost of
sales
Gross
profit
Other
pension
and retiree
medical
benefits
income
Provision
for
income
taxes(a)
132 $ 1,727 $
Net income
attributable to
noncontrolling
interests
Net
income
attributable
to PepsiCo
Reported, GAAP Measure
$ 40,576 $ 45,816 $
34,459
$
(3,321) $
3,166 $ 11,512 $
Items Affecting
Comparability
Mark-to-market net
impact
Restructuring and
impairment charges
Acquisition and
divestiture-related
charges
Gain associated with the
Juice Transaction
Impairment and other
charges
Pension and retiree
(52)
(33)
52
33
—
—
—
—
(10)
(347)
(74)
—
(201)
201
(251)
medical-related impact
—
—
Tax benefit related to the
IRS audit
Tax expense related to the
TCJ Act
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
3,321
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
62
380
74
(3,321)
(3,166)
3,618
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
31
6
—
—
307
—
—
14
77
14
(433)
671
69
319
(86)
68 $
8,910
—
1
—
—
—
—
—
—
48
333
66
(2,888)
2,947
238
(319)
86
Core, Non-GAAP Measure
$ 40,290 $ 46,102 $
33,777
$
— $
— $ 12,325 $
476 $ 2,372 $
69 $
9,421
(a)
Provision for income taxes is the expected tax charge/benefit on the underlying item based on the tax laws and income tax rates applicable to the
underlying item in its corresponding tax jurisdiction.
Net income attributable to PepsiCo per common share – diluted, GAAP measure
Mark-to-market net impact
Restructuring and impairment charges
Acquisition and divestiture-related charges
Gain associated with the Juice Transaction
Impairment and other charges
Product recall-related impact
Pension and retiree medical-related impact
Tax benefit related to the IRS audit
Tax expense related to the TCJ Act
Core net income attributable to PepsiCo per common share – diluted, non-GAAP
measure
Impact of foreign exchange translation
Growth in core net income attributable to PepsiCo per common share – diluted, on a
constant currency basis, non-GAAP measure
$
2023
6.56
0.02
0.25
0.02
—
0.68
0.07
0.01
—
—
$
2022
6.42
0.03
0.24
0.05
(2.08)
2.12
—
0.17
(0.23)
0.06
$
7.62 (a)
$
6.79 (a)
Change
2 %
12 %
2
14 %
(a) Does not sum due to rounding.
Mark-to-Market Net Impact
We centrally manage commodity derivatives on behalf of our divisions. These commodity derivatives
include agricultural products, energy and metals. Commodity derivatives that do not qualify for hedge
accounting treatment are marked to market each period with the resulting gains and losses recorded in
corporate unallocated expenses as either cost of sales or selling, general and administrative expenses,
depending on the underlying commodity. These gains and losses are subsequently reflected in division
results when the divisions recognize the cost of the underlying commodity in operating profit. Therefore,
the divisions realize the economic effects of the derivative without experiencing any resulting mark-to-
market volatility, which remains in corporate unallocated expenses.
49
Restructuring and Impairment Charges
2019 Multi-Year Productivity Plan
The 2019 Productivity Plan, publicly announced on February 15, 2019, will leverage new technology and
business models to further simplify, harmonize and automate processes; re-engineer our go-to-market and
information systems, including deploying the right automation for each market; and simplify our
organization and optimize our manufacturing and supply chain footprint. To build on the successful
implementation of the 2019 Productivity Plan, in 2022, we expanded and extended the plan through the
end of 2028 to take advantage of additional opportunities within the initiatives described above. As a
result, we expect to incur pre-tax charges of approximately $3.65 billion, including cash expenditures of
approximately $2.9 billion. Plan to date through December 30, 2023, we have incurred pre-tax charges of
$1.9 billion, including cash expenditures of $1.4 billion. In our 2024 financial results, we expect to incur
pre-tax charges and cash expenditures of approximately $500 million each. These charges will be funded
primarily through cash from operations. We expect to incur the majority of the remaining pre-tax charges
and cash expenditures through 2025, with the balance to be incurred through 2028. Charges include
severance and other employee costs, asset impairments and other costs.
See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements for further information related to our 2019
Productivity Plan. We regularly evaluate productivity initiatives beyond the productivity plan and other
initiatives discussed above and in Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements.
Acquisition and Divestiture-Related Charges
Acquisition and divestiture-related charges primarily include merger and integration charges and costs
associated with divestitures. Merger and integration charges include liabilities to support socioeconomic
programs in South Africa, gains associated with contingent consideration, employee-related costs, contract
termination costs, closing costs and other integration costs. Divestiture-related charges reflect transaction
expenses, including consulting, advisory and other professional fees.
See Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.
Gain Associated with the Juice Transaction
We recognized a gain associated with the Juice Transaction in our PBNA and Europe divisions.
See Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.
Impairment and Other Charges
We recognized Russia-Ukraine conflict charges, brand portfolio impairment charges and other impairment
charges as described below.
Russia-Ukraine Conflict Charges
In connection with the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, we recognized charges related to indefinite-lived
intangible assets and property, plant and equipment impairment, allowance for expected credit losses,
inventory write-downs and other costs. We also recognized adjustments to the charges recorded in 2022.
See Notes 1 and 4 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.
Brand Portfolio Impairment Charges
We recognized intangible asset, investment and property, plant and equipment impairments and other
charges as a result of management’s decision to reposition or discontinue the sale/distribution of certain
brands and to sell an investment. We also recognized adjustments to the charges recorded in 2022.
See Notes 1 and 4 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.
50
Other Impairment ChargesWe recognized impairment charges taken as a result of our quantitative assessments of certain of our indefinite-lived intangible assets and related to our investment in TBG.See Notes 1, 4 and 9 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.Product Recall-Related ImpactWe recognized product returns, inventory write-offs and customer and consumer-related costs in our QFNA division associated with a voluntary recall of certain bars and cereals.See Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.Pension and Retiree Medical-Related ImpactPension and retiree medical-related impact includes settlement charges related to lump sum distributions exceeding the total of annual service and interest costs, as well as curtailment gains.See Notes 7 and 13 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.Tax Benefit Related to the IRS AuditWe recognized a non-cash tax benefit resulting from our agreement with the IRS to settle one of the issues assessed in the 2014 through 2016 tax audit. The agreement covers tax years 2014 through 2019.See Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.Tax Expense Related to the TCJ ActTax expense related to the TCJ Act reflects adjustments to the mandatory transition tax liability under the TCJ Act.See Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.Charge Related to Cash Tender OffersAs a result of the cash tender offers for some of our long-term debt, we recorded a charge primarily representing the tender price paid over the carrying value of the tendered notes and loss on treasury rate locks used to mitigate the interest rate risk on the cash tender offers.See Note 8 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.Our Liquidity and Capital Resources We believe that our cash generating capability and financial condition, together with our revolving credit facilities, working capital lines and other available methods of debt financing, such as commercial paper borrowings and long-term debt financing, will be adequate to meet our operating, investing and financing needs, including with respect to our net capital spending plans. Our primary sources of liquidity include cash from operations, proceeds obtained from issuances of commercial paper and long-term debt, and cash and cash equivalents. These sources of cash are available to fund cash outflows that have both a short- and long-term component, including debt repayments and related interest payments; payments for acquisitions; operating leases; purchase, marketing, and other contractual commitments, including capital expenditures and the transition tax liability under the TCJ Act. In addition, these sources of cash fund other cash outflows including anticipated dividend payments and share repurchases. We do not have guarantees or off-balance sheet financing arrangements, including variable interest entities, that we believe could have a material impact on our liquidity. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” “Our Business Risks” and Note 8 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.51 Our sources and uses of cash were not materially adversely impacted by the Russia-Ukraine conflict and, to date, we have not identified any material liquidity deficiencies as a result of the conflict. Based on the information currently available to us, we do not expect the impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict to have a material impact on our future liquidity. We will continue to monitor and assess the impact the Russia-Ukraine conflict may have on our business and financial results. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” “Our Business Risks” and Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements for further information related to the impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on our business and financial results.As of December 30, 2023, cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments in our consolidated subsidiaries subject to currency controls or currency exchange restrictions were not material.The TCJ Act imposed a one-time mandatory transition tax on undistributed international earnings. As of December 30, 2023, our mandatory transition tax liability was $2.3 billion, which must be paid through 2026 under the provisions of the TCJ Act; we currently expect to pay approximately $579 million of this liability in 2024. Any additional guidance issued by the IRS may impact our recorded amounts for this transition tax liability. See Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion of the TCJ Act.Supply chain financing arrangements did not have a material impact on our liquidity or capital resources in the periods presented and we do not expect such arrangements to have a material impact on our liquidity or capital resources for the foreseeable future. See Note 14 to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion of supply chain financing arrangements.Furthermore, our cash provided from operating activities is somewhat impacted by seasonality. Working capital needs are impacted by weekly sales, which are generally highest in the third quarter due to seasonal and holiday-related patterns and generally lowest in the first quarter. On a continuing basis, we consider various transactions to increase shareholder value and enhance our business results, including acquisitions, divestitures, joint ventures, dividends, share repurchases, productivity and other efficiency initiatives and other structural changes. These transactions may result in future cash proceeds or payments.The table below summarizes our cash activity: 20232022Net cash provided by operating activities$ 13,442 $ 10,811 Net cash used for investing activities$ (5,495) $ (2,430) Net cash used for financing activities$ (3,009) $ (8,523) Operating ActivitiesIn 2023, net cash provided by operating activities was $13.4 billion, compared to $10.8 billion in the prior year. The increase in operating cash flow primarily reflects favorable operating profit performance coupled with favorable working capital comparisons.Investing ActivitiesIn 2023, net cash used for investing activities was $5.5 billion, primarily reflecting net capital spending of $5.3 billion.In 2022, net cash used for investing activities was $2.4 billion, primarily reflecting net capital spending of $5.0 billion and our investment in Celsius Holdings, Inc. (Celsius) convertible preferred stock and agreement to distribute Celsius energy drinks of $0.8 billion, partially offset by proceeds associated with the Juice Transaction of $3.5 billion.See Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion of capital spending by division; see Notes 4 and 9 to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion of our agreement with 52 and investment in Celsius; and see Note 13 to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion of our acquisitions and divestitures.We regularly review our plans with respect to net capital spending, including in light of the ongoing uncertainty caused by the Russia-Ukraine conflict on our business, and believe that we have sufficient liquidity to meet our net capital spending needs.Financing ActivitiesIn 2023, net cash used for financing activities was $3.0 billion, primarily reflecting the return of operating cash flow to our shareholders through dividend payments of $6.7 billion and share repurchases of $1.0 billion, as well as payments of long-term debt borrowings of $3.0 billion, partially offset by proceeds from issuances of long-term debt of $5.5 billion and net proceeds from short-term borrowings of $2.3 billion.In 2022, net cash used for financing activities was $8.5 billion, primarily reflecting the return of operating cash flow to our shareholders through dividend payments of $6.2 billion and share repurchases of $1.5 billion, payments of long-term debt borrowings of $2.5 billion and debt redemptions/cash tender offers of $1.7 billion, partially offset by proceeds from issuances of long-term debt of $3.4 billion.See Note 8 to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion of debt obligations.We annually review our capital structure with our Board, including our dividend policy and share repurchase activity. On February 10, 2022, we announced a share repurchase program providing for the repurchase of up to $10.0 billion of PepsiCo common stock which commenced on February 11, 2022 and will expire on February 28, 2026. In addition, on February 9, 2024, we announced a 7% increase in our annualized dividend to $5.42 per share from $5.06 per share, effective with the dividend expected to be paid in June 2024. We expect to return a total of approximately $8.2 billion to shareholders in 2024, comprising dividends of approximately $7.2 billion and share repurchases of approximately $1.0 billion.Free Cash FlowThe table below reconciles net cash provided by operating activities, as reflected on our cash flow statement, to our free cash flow. Free cash flow is a non-GAAP financial measure. For further information on free cash flow, see “Non-GAAP Measures.”20232022ChangeNet cash provided by operating activities, GAAP measure$ 13,442 $ 10,811 24 %Capital spending (5,518) (5,207) Sales of property, plant and equipment 198 251 Free cash flow, non-GAAP measure$ 8,122 $ 5,855 39 %We use free cash flow primarily for acquisitions and financing activities, including debt repayments, dividends and share repurchases. We expect to continue to return free cash flow to our shareholders primarily through dividends and share repurchases while maintaining Tier 1 commercial paper access, which we believe will facilitate appropriate financial flexibility and ready access to global capital and credit markets at favorable interest rates. However, see “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Our Business Risks” for certain factors that may impact our credit ratings or our operating cash flows.Any downgrade of our credit ratings by a credit rating agency, especially any downgrade to below investment grade, whether or not as a result of our actions or factors which are beyond our control, could increase our future borrowing costs and impair our ability to access capital and credit markets on terms commercially acceptable to us, or at all. In addition, any downgrade of our current short-term credit ratings could impair our ability to access the commercial paper market with the same flexibility that we have experienced historically, and therefore require us to rely more heavily on more expensive types of 53 debt financing. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” “Our Business Risks” and Note 8 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.Changes in Line Items in Our Consolidated Financial Statements Changes in line items in our consolidated statement of income are discussed in “Results of Operations – Consolidated Review,” “Results of Operations – Division Review” and “Items Affecting Comparability.”Changes in line items in our consolidated statement of cash flows are discussed in “Our Liquidity and Capital Resources.”Changes in line items in our consolidated balance sheet are discussed below:Total AssetsAs of December 30, 2023, total assets were $100.5 billion, compared to $92.2 billion as of December 31, 2022. The increase in total assets is primarily driven by the following line items:Change(a)ReferenceCash and cash equivalents$ 4.8 Statement of Cash FlowsProperty, plant and equipment, net$ 2.7 Note 15Other assets$ 1.4 Note 15Total LiabilitiesAs of December 30, 2023, total liabilities were $81.9 billion, compared to $74.9 billion as of December 31, 2022. The increase in total liabilities is primarily driven by the following line items:Change(a)ReferenceShort-term debt obligations$ 3.1 Note 8Accounts payable and other current liabilities$ 1.8 Note 15Long-term debt obligations$ 1.9 Note 8(a)In billions.Total EquitySee our consolidated statement of equity and Notes 9 and 11 to our consolidated financial statements.Return on Invested CapitalROIC is a non-GAAP financial measure. For further information on ROIC, see “Non-GAAP Measures.” 20232022Net income attributable to PepsiCo$ 9,074 $ 8,910 Interest expense 1,437 1,119 Tax on interest expense (319) (248) $ 10,192 $ 9,781 Average debt obligations (a)$ 42,668 $ 39,595 Average common shareholders’ equity (b) 17,837 17,785 Average invested capital$ 60,505 $ 57,380 ROIC, non-GAAP measure 16.8 % 17.0 %(a)Includes a quarterly average of short-term and long-term debt obligations.54 (b)
Includes a quarterly average of common stock, capital in excess of par value, retained earnings, accumulated other comprehensive loss
and repurchased common stock.
The table below reconciles ROIC as calculated above to net ROIC, excluding items affecting
comparability.
ROIC, non-GAAP measure
Impact of:
Average cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments
Interest income
Tax on interest income
Mark-to-market net impact
Restructuring and impairment charges
Acquisition and divestiture-related charges
Gain associated with the Juice Transaction
Impairment and other charges
Product recall-related impact
Pension and retiree medical-related impact
Tax benefit related to the IRS audit
Tax expense related to the TCJ Act
Charge related to cash tender offers
Core Net ROIC, non-GAAP measure
2023
16.8 %
2022
17.0 %
2.5
(1.0)
0.2
—
0.4
—
0.9
0.6
0.2
—
0.1
(0.1)
(0.2)
20.4 %
2.1
(0.3)
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
(3.3)
3.7
—
0.3
(0.4)
0.1
(0.2)
19.6 %
OUR CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
An appreciation of our critical accounting policies and estimates is necessary to understand our financial
results. These policies may require management to make difficult and subjective judgments regarding
uncertainties, including the business and economic uncertainty resulting from the ongoing conflicts in
Ukraine and the Middle East and the high interest rate and inflationary cost environment, and as a result,
such estimates may significantly impact our financial results. The precision of these estimates and the
likelihood of future changes depend on a number of underlying variables and a range of possible
outcomes. We applied our critical accounting policies and estimation methods consistently in all material
respects and for all periods presented. We have discussed our critical accounting policies and estimates
with our Audit Committee.
Our critical accounting policies and estimates are:
•
•
•
•
revenue recognition;
goodwill and other intangible assets;
income tax expense and accruals; and
pension and retiree medical plans.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue when our performance obligation is satisfied. Our primary performance obligation
(the distribution and sales of beverage and convenient food products) is satisfied upon the shipment or
delivery of products to our customers, which is also when control is transferred. The transfer of control of
products to our customers is typically based on written sales terms that generally do not allow for a right
of return, except in the instance of a product recall or other limited circumstances that may allow for
product returns. Our policy for DSD, including certain chilled products, is to remove and replace damaged
and out-of-date products from store shelves to ensure that consumers receive the product quality and
55
freshness they expect. Similarly, our policy for certain warehouse-distributed products is to replace
damaged and out-of-date products. As a result, we record reserves, based on estimates, for product recall,
anticipated damaged and out-of-date products.
Our products are sold for cash or on credit terms. Our credit terms, which are established in accordance
with local and industry practices, typically require payment within 30 days of delivery in the United
States, and generally within 30 to 90 days internationally, and may allow discounts for early payment.
We estimate and reserve for our expected credit loss exposure based on our experience with past due
accounts and collectibility, write-off history, the aging of accounts receivable, our analysis of customer
data, and forward-looking information (including the expected impact of a high interest rate and
inflationary cost environment), leveraging estimates of creditworthiness and projections of default and
recovery rates for certain of our customers.
Our policy is to provide customers with product when needed. In fact, our commitment to freshness and
product dating serves to regulate the quantity of product shipped or delivered. In addition, DSD products
are placed on the shelf by our employees with customer shelf space and storerooms limiting the quantity
of product. For product delivered through other distribution networks, we monitor customer inventory
levels.
As discussed in “Our Customers” in “Item 1. Business,” we offer sales incentives and discounts through
various programs to customers and consumers. Total marketplace spending includes sales incentives,
discounts, advertising and other marketing activities. Sales incentives and discounts are primarily
accounted for as a reduction of revenue and include payments to customers for performing activities on
our behalf, such as payments for in-store displays, payments to gain distribution of new products,
payments for shelf space and discounts to promote lower retail prices. Sales incentives and discounts also
include support provided to our independent bottlers through funding of advertising and other marketing
activities.
A number of our sales incentives, such as bottler funding to independent bottlers and customer volume
rebates, are based on annual targets, and accruals are established during the year, as products are
delivered, for the expected payout, which may occur after year-end once reconciled and settled. These
accruals are based on contract terms and our historical experience with similar programs and require
management judgment with respect to estimating customer and consumer participation and performance
levels. Differences between estimated expense and actual incentive costs are normally insignificant and
are recognized in earnings in the period such differences are determined. In addition, certain advertising
and marketing costs are also based on annual targets and recognized during the year as incurred.
See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for further information on our revenue recognition and
related policies, including total marketplace spending.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
We sell products under a number of brand names, many of which were developed by us. Brand
development costs are expensed as incurred. We also purchase brands and other intangible assets in
acquisitions. In a business combination, the consideration is first assigned to identifiable assets and
liabilities, including brands and other intangible assets, based on estimated fair values, with any excess
recorded as goodwill. Determining fair value requires significant estimates and assumptions, including
those related to the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East and a high interest rate and
inflationary cost environment, based on an evaluation of a number of factors, such as marketplace
participants, product life cycles, market share, consumer awareness, brand history and future expansion
expectations, amount and timing of future cash flows and the discount rate applied to the cash flows.
We believe that a brand has an indefinite life if it has a history of strong revenue and cash flow
56
performance and we have the intent and ability to support the brand with marketplace spending for the
foreseeable future. If these indefinite-lived brand criteria are not met, brands are amortized over their
expected useful lives, which generally range from 20 to 40 years. Determining the expected life of a brand
requires management judgment and is based on an evaluation of a number of factors, including market
share, consumer awareness, brand history, future expansion expectations and regulatory restrictions, as
well as the macroeconomic environment of the countries in which the brand is sold.
In connection with previous acquisitions, we reacquired certain franchise rights which provided the
exclusive and perpetual rights to manufacture and/or distribute beverages for sale in specified territories.
In determining the useful life of these franchise rights, many factors were considered, including the pre-
existing perpetual bottling arrangements, the indefinite period expected for these franchise rights to
contribute to our future cash flows, as well as the lack of any factors that would limit the useful life of
these franchise rights to us, including legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic or other
factors. Therefore, certain of these franchise rights are considered as indefinite-lived. Franchise rights that
are not considered indefinite-lived are amortized over the remaining contractual period of the contract in
which the right was granted.
Indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill are not amortized and, as a result, are assessed for
impairment at least annually, using either a qualitative or quantitative approach. We perform this annual
assessment during our third quarter, or more frequently if circumstances indicate that the carrying value
may not be recoverable. Where we use the qualitative assessment, first we determine if, based on
qualitative factors, it is more likely than not that an impairment exists. Factors considered include
macroeconomic conditions (including those related to the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle
East and a high interest rate and inflationary cost environment), industry and competitive conditions, legal
and regulatory environment, historical financial performance and significant changes in the brand or
reporting unit. If the qualitative assessment indicates that it is more likely than not that an impairment
exists, then a quantitative assessment is performed.
In the quantitative assessment for indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill, an assessment is
performed to determine the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset and the reporting unit,
respectively. Estimated fair value is determined using discounted cash flows and requires an analysis of
several estimates including future cash flows or income consistent with management’s strategic business
plans, annual sales growth rates, perpetuity growth assumptions and the selection of assumptions
underlying a discount rate (weighted-average cost of capital) based on market data available at the time.
Significant management judgment is necessary to estimate the impact of competitive operating,
macroeconomic and other factors (including those related to the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the
Middle East and a high interest rate and inflationary cost environment) to estimate future levels of sales,
operating profit or cash flows. All assumptions used in our impairment evaluations for indefinite-lived
intangible assets and goodwill, such as forecasted growth rates (including perpetuity growth assumptions)
and weighted-average cost of capital, are based on the best available market information and are consistent
with our internal forecasts and operating plans. A deterioration in these assumptions could adversely
impact our results. These assumptions could be adversely impacted by certain of the risks described in
“Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Our Business Risks.”
In 2023, we recorded $0.6 billion ($0.4 billion after-tax or $0.32 per share) of indefinite-lived intangible
asset impairment charges related to the SodaStream brand and $0.3 billion ($0.3 billion after-tax or $0.22
per share) of goodwill impairment charges related to the SodaStream reporting unit in Europe. As a result,
the carrying value of the SodaStream reporting unit as of December 30, 2023 is equal to its fair value and
the SodaStream reporting unit is at a heightened risk of future goodwill impairment if certain assumptions
and estimates were to change. For example, a mutually exclusive 100-basis-point increase in the discount
rate and a 100-basis-point decrease in the perpetuity growth rate used to estimate the fair value of the
57
SodaStream reporting unit would result in an additional estimated impairment charge of approximately
$0.2 billion and $0.1 billion, respectively. We will continue to monitor the performance of the SodaStream
reporting unit, as well as all of our indefinite-lived intangible assets.
Amortizable intangible assets are only evaluated for impairment upon a significant change in the operating
or macroeconomic environment. If an evaluation of the undiscounted future cash flows indicates
impairment, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value, which is based on its discounted future
cash flows.
See Notes 2 and 4 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.
Income Tax Expense and Accruals
Our annual tax rate is based on our income, statutory tax rates and tax structure and transactions, including
transfer pricing arrangements, available to us in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. Significant
judgment is required in determining our annual tax rate and in evaluating our tax positions. We establish
reserves when, despite our belief that our tax return positions are fully supportable, we believe that certain
positions are subject to challenge and that we likely will not succeed. We adjust these reserves, as well as
the related interest, in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the progress of a tax audit, new
tax laws, relevant court cases or tax authority settlements. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” for further
discussion.
An estimated annual effective tax rate is applied to our quarterly operating results. In the event there is a
significant or unusual item recognized in our quarterly operating results, the tax attributable to that item is
separately calculated and recorded at the same time as that item. We consider the tax adjustments from the
resolution of prior-year tax matters to be among such items.
Tax law requires items to be included in our tax returns at different times than the items are reflected in
our consolidated financial statements. As a result, our annual tax rate reflected in our consolidated
financial statements is different than that reported in our tax returns (our cash tax rate). Some of these
differences are permanent, such as expenses that are not deductible in our tax return, and some differences
reverse over time, such as depreciation expense. These temporary differences create deferred tax assets
and liabilities. Deferred tax assets generally represent items that can be used as a tax deduction or credit in
our tax returns in future years for which we have already recorded the tax benefit on our consolidated
financial statements. We establish valuation allowances for our deferred tax assets if, based on the
available evidence, it is not more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be
realized. Deferred tax liabilities generally represent tax expense recognized in our consolidated financial
statements for which payment has been deferred, or expense for which we have already taken a deduction
in our tax return but have not yet recognized as expense in our consolidated financial statements.
In 2023, our annual tax rate was 19.8% compared to 16.1% in 2022. See “Other Consolidated Results” for
further information.
See Note 5 to our consolidated financial statements for further information.
Pension and Retiree Medical Plans
Our pension plans cover certain employees in the United States and certain international employees.
Benefits are determined based on either years of service or a combination of years of service and earnings.
Certain U.S. and Canada retirees are also eligible for medical and life insurance benefits (retiree medical)
if they meet age and service requirements. Generally, our share of retiree medical costs is capped at
specified dollar amounts, which vary based upon years of service, with retirees contributing the remainder
of the cost. In addition, we have been phasing out certain subsidies of retiree medical benefits.
58
See “Items Affecting Comparability” and Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements for information about changes and settlements within our pension plans.Our AssumptionsThe determination of pension and retiree medical expenses and obligations requires the use of assumptions to estimate the amount of benefits that employees earn while working, as well as the present value of those benefits. Annual pension and retiree medical expense amounts are principally based on four components: (1) the value of benefits earned by employees for working during the year (service cost), (2) the increase in the projected benefit obligation due to the passage of time (interest cost), and (3) other gains and losses as discussed in Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements, reduced by (4) the expected return on assets for our funded plans.Significant assumptions used to measure our annual pension and retiree medical expenses include:•certain employee-related demographic factors, such as turnover, retirement age and mortality;•the expected rate of return on assets in our funded plans; and•the spot rates along the yield curve used to determine service and interest costs and the present value of liabilities.Certain assumptions reflect our historical experience and management’s best judgment regarding future expectations. All actuarial assumptions are reviewed annually, except in the case of an interim remeasurement due to a significant event such as a curtailment or settlement. Due to the significant management judgment involved, these assumptions could have a material impact on the measurement of our pension and retiree medical expenses and obligations.At each measurement date, the discount rates are based on interest rates for high-quality, long-term corporate debt securities with maturities comparable to those of our liabilities. Our U.S. obligation and pension and retiree medical expense is based on the discount rates determined using the Mercer Above Mean Curve. This curve includes bonds that closely match the timing and amount of our expected benefit payments and reflects the portfolio of investments we would consider to settle our liabilities.See Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements for information about the expected rate of return on plan assets and our plans’ investment strategy. Although we review our expected long-term rates of return on an annual basis, our asset returns in a given year do not significantly influence our evaluation of long-term rates of return.Weighted-average assumptions for pension and retiree medical expense are as follows: 202420232022PensionService cost discount rate (a) 5.4 % 5.5 % 3.2 %Interest cost discount rate (a) 5.1 % 5.4 % 2.9 %Expected rate of return on plan assets (a) 7.0 % 7.0 % 6.3 %Retiree medicalService cost discount rate 5.1 % 5.4 % 2.8 %Interest cost discount rate 5.0 % 5.3 % 2.1 %Expected rate of return on plan assets 7.1 % 7.1 % 5.7 %(a)2022 rates reflect remeasurement of a U.S. qualified defined benefit pension plan in the second quarter of 2022.We expect our pension and retiree medical expense to remain consistent in 2024 primarily reflecting the change in demographic experience, offset by the recognition of gains on plan assets and impact of discretionary plan contributions.59 Sensitivity of AssumptionsA decrease in each of the collective discount rates or in the expected rate of return assumptions would increase expense for our benefit plans. A 100-basis-point decrease in each of the above discount rates and expected rate of return assumptions would individually increase 2024 pre-tax pension and retiree medical expense as follows:AssumptionAmountDiscount rates used in the calculation of expense$ 83 Expected rate of return$ 155 FundingWe make contributions to pension trusts that provide plan benefits for certain pension plans. These contributions are made in accordance with applicable tax regulations that provide for current tax deductions for our contributions and taxation to the employee only upon receipt of plan benefits. Generally, we do not fund our pension plans when our contributions would not be currently tax deductible. As our retiree medical plans are not subject to regulatory funding requirements, we generally fund these plans on a pay-as-you-go basis, although we periodically review available options to make additional contributions toward these benefits.We made a discretionary contribution of $150 million to a U.S. qualified defined benefit plan in January 2024.Our pension and retiree medical plan contributions are subject to change as a result of many factors, such as changes in interest rates, deviations between actual and expected asset returns and changes in tax or other benefit laws. We regularly evaluate different opportunities to reduce risk and volatility associated with our pension and retiree medical plans. See Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements for our past and expected contributions and estimated future benefit payments.60 Consolidated Statement of IncomePepsiCo, Inc. and SubsidiariesFiscal years ended December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and December 25, 2021 (in millions except per share amounts)202320222021Net Revenue$ 91,471 $ 86,392 $ 79,474 Cost of sales 41,881 40,576 37,075 Gross profit 49,590 45,816 42,399 Selling, general and administrative expenses 36,677 34,459 31,237 Gain associated with the Juice Transaction (see Note 13) — (3,321) — Impairment of intangible assets (see Notes 1 and 4) 927 3,166 — Operating Profit 11,986 11,512 11,162 Other pension and retiree medical benefits income 250 132 522 Net interest expense and other (819) (939) (1,863) Income before income taxes 11,417 10,705 9,821 Provision for income taxes 2,262 1,727 2,142 Net income 9,155 8,978 7,679 Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests 81 68 61 Net Income Attributable to PepsiCo$ 9,074 $ 8,910 $ 7,618 Net Income Attributable to PepsiCo per Common ShareBasic$ 6.59 $ 6.45 $ 5.51 Diluted$ 6.56 $ 6.42 $ 5.49 Weighted-average common shares outstandingBasic 1,376 1,380 1,382 Diluted 1,383 1,387 1,389 See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.61 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive IncomePepsiCo, Inc. and SubsidiariesFiscal years ended December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and December 25, 2021 (in millions)202320222021Net income$ 9,155 $ 8,978 $ 7,679 Other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of taxes:Net currency translation adjustment (307) (643) (369) Net change on cash flow hedges (32) (158) 155 Net pension and retiree medical adjustments (358) 389 770 Net change on available-for-sale debt securities and other 465 4 22 (232) (408) 578 Comprehensive income 8,923 8,570 8,257 Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests 81 64 61 Comprehensive Income Attributable to PepsiCo$ 8,842 $ 8,506 $ 8,196 See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.62 Consolidated Statement of Cash FlowsPepsiCo, Inc. and SubsidiariesFiscal years ended December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and December 25, 2021 (in millions)202320222021Operating ActivitiesNet income$ 9,155 $ 8,978 $ 7,679 Depreciation and amortization 2,948 2,763 2,710 Gain associated with the Juice Transaction — (3,321) — Impairment and other charges 1,230 3,618 — Product recall-related impact 136 — — Operating lease right-of-use asset amortization 570 517 505 Share-based compensation expense 380 343 301 Restructuring and impairment charges 445 411 247 Cash payments for restructuring charges (434) (224) (256) Acquisition and divestiture-related charges 41 80 (4) Cash payments for acquisition and divestiture-related charges (41) (46) (176) Pension and retiree medical plan expenses 150 419 123 Pension and retiree medical plan contributions (410) (384) (785) Deferred income taxes and other tax charges and credits (271) (873) 298 Tax expense related to the TCJ Act — 86 190 Tax payments related to the TCJ Act (309) (309) (309) Change in assets and liabilities:Accounts and notes receivable (793) (1,763) (651) Inventories (261) (1,142) (582) Prepaid expenses and other current assets (13) 118 159 Accounts payable and other current liabilities 420 1,842 1,762 Income taxes payable 310 57 30 Other, net 189 (359) 375 Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities 13,442 10,811 11,616 Investing ActivitiesCapital spending (5,518) (5,207) (4,625) Sales of property, plant and equipment 198 251 166 Acquisitions, net of cash acquired, investments in noncontrolled affiliates and purchases of intangible and other assets (314) (873) (61) Proceeds associated with the Juice Transaction — 3,456 — Other divestitures, sales of investments in noncontrolled affiliates and other assets 75 49 169 Short-term investments, by original maturity:More than three months - purchases (555) (291) — More than three months - maturities 556 150 1,135 More than three months - sales 12 — — Three months or less, net 3 24 (58) Other investing, net 48 11 5 Net Cash Used for Investing Activities (5,495) (2,430) (3,269) (Continued on following page)63 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (continued)PepsiCo, Inc. and SubsidiariesFiscal years ended December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and December 25, 2021 (in millions)202320222021Financing ActivitiesProceeds from issuances of long-term debt$ 5,482 $ 3,377 $ 4,122 Payments of long-term debt (3,005) (2,458) (3,455) Debt redemptions/cash tender offers — (1,716) (4,844) Short-term borrowings, by original maturity:More than three months - proceeds 5,428 1,969 8 More than three months - payments (3,106) (1,951) (397) Three months or less, net (29) (31) 434 Payments of acquisition-related contingent consideration — — (773) Cash dividends paid (6,682) (6,172) (5,815) Share repurchases - common (1,000) (1,500) (106) Proceeds from exercises of stock options 116 138 185 Withholding tax payments on restricted stock units (RSUs) and performance stock units (PSUs) converted (140) (107) (92) Other financing (73) (72) (47) Net Cash Used for Financing Activities (3,009) (8,523) (10,780) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash (277) (465) (114) Net Increase/(Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash 4,661 (607) (2,547) Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash, Beginning of Year 5,100 5,707 8,254 Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash, End of Year$ 9,761 $ 5,100 $ 5,707 See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.64 Consolidated Balance SheetPepsiCo, Inc. and SubsidiariesDecember 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (in millions except per share amounts)20232022ASSETSCurrent AssetsCash and cash equivalents $ 9,711 $ 4,954 Short-term investments 292 394 Accounts and notes receivable, net 10,815 10,163 InventoriesRaw materials and packaging 2,388 2,366 Work-in-process 104 114 Finished goods 2,842 2,742 5,334 5,222 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 798 806 Total Current Assets 26,950 21,539 Property, Plant and Equipment, net 27,039 24,291 Amortizable Intangible Assets, net 1,199 1,277 Goodwill 17,728 18,202 Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets 13,730 14,309 Investments in Noncontrolled Affiliates 2,714 3,073 Deferred Income Taxes 4,474 4,204 Other Assets 6,661 5,292 Total Assets$ 100,495 $ 92,187 LIABILITIES AND EQUITYCurrent LiabilitiesShort-term debt obligations$ 6,510 $ 3,414 Accounts payable and other current liabilities 25,137 23,371 Total Current Liabilities 31,647 26,785 Long-Term Debt Obligations 37,595 35,657 Deferred Income Taxes 3,895 4,133 Other Liabilities 8,721 8,339 Total Liabilities 81,858 74,914 Commitments and contingenciesPepsiCo Common Shareholders’ EquityCommon stock, par value 12/3¢ per share (authorized 3,600 shares; issued, net of repurchased common stock at par value: 1,374 and 1,377 shares, respectively) 23 23 Capital in excess of par value 4,261 4,134 Retained earnings 70,035 67,800 Accumulated other comprehensive loss (15,534) (15,302) Repurchased common stock, in excess of par value (493 and 490 shares, respectively) (40,282) (39,506) Total PepsiCo Common Shareholders’ Equity 18,503 17,149 Noncontrolling interests 134 124 Total Equity 18,637 17,273 Total Liabilities and Equity$ 100,495 $ 92,187 See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.65 Consolidated Statement of EquityPepsiCo, Inc. and SubsidiariesFiscal years ended December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and December 25, 2021(in millions except per share amounts) 202320222021 SharesAmountSharesAmountSharesAmountCommon StockBalance, beginning of year 1,377 $ 23 1,383 $ 23 1,380 $ 23 Change in repurchased common stock (3) — (6) — 3 — Balance, end of year 1,374 23 1,377 23 1,383 23 Capital in Excess of Par ValueBalance, beginning of year 4,134 4,001 3,910 Share-based compensation expense 379 346 302 Stock option exercises, RSUs and PSUs converted (107) (102) (118) Withholding tax on RSUs and PSUs converted (140) (107) (92) Other (5) (4) (1) Balance, end of year 4,261 4,134 4,001 Retained EarningsBalance, beginning of year 67,800 65,165 63,443 Net income attributable to PepsiCo 9,074 8,910 7,618 Cash dividends declared - common (a) (6,839) (6,275) (5,896) Balance, end of year 70,035 67,800 65,165 Accumulated Other Comprehensive LossBalance, beginning of year (15,302) (14,898) (15,476) Other comprehensive (loss)/income attributable to PepsiCo (232) (404) 578 Balance, end of year (15,534) (15,302) (14,898) Repurchased Common StockBalance, beginning of year (490) (39,506) (484) (38,248) (487) (38,446) Share repurchases (6) (1,000) (9) (1,500) (1) (106) Stock option exercises, RSUs and PSUs converted 3 223 3 240 4 303 Other — 1 — 2 — 1 Balance, end of year (493) (40,282) (490) (39,506) (484) (38,248) Total PepsiCo Common Shareholders’ Equity 18,503 17,149 16,043 Noncontrolling InterestsBalance, beginning of year 124 108 98 Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests 81 68 61 Distributions to noncontrolling interests (68) (69) (49) Acquisitions — 21 — Other, net (3) (4) (2) Balance, end of year 134 124 108 Total Equity$ 18,637 $ 17,273 $ 16,151 (a) Cash dividends declared per common share were $4.9450, $4.5250 and $4.2475 for 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.66 Notes to the Consolidated Financial StatementsNote 1 — Basis of Presentation and Our DivisionsBasis of PresentationThe accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and include the consolidated accounts of PepsiCo, Inc. and the affiliates that we control. In addition, we include our share of the results of certain other affiliates using the equity method based on our economic ownership interest, our ability to exercise significant influence over the operating or financial decisions of these affiliates or our ability to direct their economic resources. We do not control these other affiliates, as our ownership in these other affiliates is generally 50% or less. Intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated. As a result of exchange restrictions and other operating restrictions, we do not have control over our Venezuelan subsidiaries. As such, our Venezuelan subsidiaries are not included within our consolidated financial results for any period presented.Raw materials, direct labor and plant overhead, as well as purchasing and receiving costs, costs directly related to production planning, inspection costs and raw materials handling facilities, are included in cost of sales. The costs of moving, storing and delivering finished product, including merchandising activities, are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Estimates are used in determining, among other items, sales incentives accruals, tax reserves, share-based compensation, pension and retiree medical accruals, amounts and useful lives for intangible assets and future cash flows associated with impairment testing for indefinite-lived intangible assets, goodwill and other long-lived assets. We evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis using our historical experience, as well as other factors we believe appropriate under the circumstances, such as current economic conditions, and adjust or revise our estimates as circumstances change. Additionally, the business and economic uncertainty resulting from the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East and the high interest rate and inflationary cost environment has made such estimates and assumptions more difficult to calculate. As future events and their effect cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.Our fiscal year ends on the last Saturday of each December, resulting in a 53rd reporting week every five or six years, including in our 2022 financial results. While our North America financial results are reported on a weekly calendar basis, substantially all of our international operations reported on a monthly calendar basis prior to the fourth quarter of 2021. Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2021, all of our international operations reported on a monthly calendar basis. This change did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. The following chart details our quarterly reporting schedule: QuarterUnited States and CanadaInternationalFirst Quarter12 weeksJanuary and FebruarySecond Quarter12 weeksMarch, April and MayThird Quarter12 weeksJune, July and AugustFourth Quarter16 weeks (17 weeks for 2022)September, October, November and DecemberUnless otherwise noted, tabular dollars are in millions, except per share amounts. All per share amounts reflect common per share amounts, assume dilution unless otherwise noted, and are based on unrounded amounts. Certain reclassifications were made to the prior year’s consolidated financial statements to conform to the current year presentation.67 Our DivisionsWe are organized into seven reportable segments (also referred to as divisions), as follows:1)Frito-Lay North America (FLNA), which includes our branded convenient food businesses in the United States and Canada;2)Quaker Foods North America (QFNA), which includes our branded convenient food businesses, such as cereal, rice, pasta and other branded food, in the United States and Canada;3)PepsiCo Beverages North America (PBNA), which includes our beverage businesses in the United States and Canada;4)Latin America (LatAm), which includes all of our beverage and convenient food businesses in Latin America;5)Europe, which includes all of our beverage and convenient food businesses in Europe;6)Africa, Middle East and South Asia (AMESA), which includes all of our beverage and convenient food businesses in Africa, the Middle East and South Asia; and7)Asia Pacific, Australia and New Zealand and China region (APAC), which includes all of our beverage and convenient food businesses in Asia Pacific, Australia and New Zealand, and China region.Through our operations, authorized bottlers, contract manufacturers and other third parties, we make, market, distribute and sell a wide variety of beverages and convenient foods, serving customers and consumers in more than 200 countries and territories with our largest operations in the United States, Mexico, Canada, Russia, China, the United Kingdom, Brazil and South Africa.The accounting policies for the divisions are the same as those described in Note 2, except for the following allocation methodologies:•share-based compensation expense;•pension and retiree medical expense; and•derivatives.Share-Based Compensation ExpenseOur divisions are held accountable for share-based compensation expense and, therefore, this expense is allocated to our divisions as an incremental employee compensation cost. The allocation of share-based compensation expense of each division is as follows:202320222021FLNA 13 % 13 % 13 %QFNA 1 % 1 % 1 %PBNA 18 % 20 % 19 %LatAm 6 % 6 % 5 %Europe 10 % 11 % 13 %AMESA 5 % 5 % 6 %APAC 3 % 3 % 2 %Corporate unallocated expenses 44 % 41 % 41 %The expense allocated to our divisions excludes any impact of changes in our assumptions during the year which reflect market conditions over which division management has no control. Therefore, any variances between allocated expense and our actual expense are recognized in corporate unallocated expenses.68 Pension and Retiree Medical ExpensePension and retiree medical service costs measured at fixed discount rates are reflected in division results. The variance between the fixed discount rate used to determine the service cost reflected in division results and the discount rate as disclosed in Note 7 is reflected in corporate unallocated expenses. DerivativesWe centrally manage commodity derivatives on behalf of our divisions. These commodity derivatives include agricultural products, energy and metals. Commodity derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment are marked to market each period with the resulting gains and losses recorded in corporate unallocated expenses as either cost of sales or selling, general and administrative expenses, depending on the underlying commodity. These gains and losses are subsequently reflected in division results when the divisions recognize the cost of the underlying commodity in operating profit. Therefore, the divisions realize the economic effects of the derivative without experiencing any resulting mark-to-market volatility, which remains in corporate unallocated expenses. These derivatives hedge underlying commodity price risk and were not entered into for trading or speculative purposes.Net Revenue and Operating Profit/(Loss)Net revenue and operating profit/(loss) of each division are as follows: Net RevenueOperating Profit/(Loss) 2023202220212023(a)2022(a)2021FLNA$ 24,914 $ 23,291 $ 19,608 $ 6,755 $ 6,135 $ 5,633 QFNA (b) 3,101 3,160 2,751 492 604 578 PBNA (c) 27,626 26,213 25,276 2,584 5,426 2,442 LatAm 11,654 9,779 8,108 2,252 1,627 1,369 Europe (c) 13,234 12,724 13,038 767 (1,380) 1,292 AMESA 6,139 6,438 6,078 807 666 858 APAC 4,803 4,787 4,615 713 537 673 Total division 91,471 86,392 79,474 14,370 13,615 12,845 Corporate unallocated expenses — — — (2,384) (2,103) (1,683) Total$ 91,471 $ 86,392 $ 79,474 $ 11,986 $ 11,512 $ 11,162 (a)See below for impairment and other charges taken related to the Russia-Ukraine conflict, brand portfolio impairment and other impairment. (b)In 2023, operating profit included a pre-tax charge of $136 million ($104 million after-tax or $0.07 per share) in cost of sales for product returns, inventory write-offs and customer and consumer-related costs associated with the Quaker Recall.(c)In 2022, we recorded a gain of $3,029 million and $292 million in our PBNA and Europe divisions, respectively, associated with the Juice Transaction. The total after-tax amount was $2,888 million or $2.08 per share. See Note 13 for further information.69 Disaggregation of Net RevenueOur primary performance obligation is the distribution and sales of beverage and convenient food products to our customers. The following table reflects the percentage of net revenue generated between our beverage business and our convenient food business for each of our international divisions, as well as our consolidated net revenue:202320222021Beverages(a)Convenient FoodsBeverages(a)Convenient FoodsBeverages(a)Convenient FoodsLatAm 9 % 91 % 9 % 91 % 10 % 90 %Europe 48 % 52 % 50 % 50 % 54 % 46 %AMESA 29 % 71 % 30 % 70 % 31 % 69 %APAC 23 % 77 % 23 % 77 % 22 % 78 %PepsiCo 41 % 59 % 42 % 58 % 45 % 55 %(a)Beverage revenue from company-owned bottlers, which primarily includes our consolidated bottling operations in our PBNA and Europe divisions, is 35%, 37% and 40% of our consolidated net revenue in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Generally, our finished goods beverage operations produce higher net revenue, but lower operating margins as compared to concentrate sold to authorized bottling partners for the manufacture of finished goods beverages.Impairment and Other ChargesWe recognized Russia-Ukraine conflict charges, brand portfolio impairment charges and other impairment charges as described below.A summary of pre-tax charges taken in 2022 in our Europe division as a result of the Russia-Ukraine conflict is as follows:Cost of salesSelling, general and administrative expensesImpairment of intangible assets(a)TotalImpairment charges related to intangible assets$ — $ — $ 1,198 $ 1,198 Impairment charges related to property, plant and equipment 103 22 — 125 Allowance for expected credit losses — 12 — 12 Allowance for inventory write downs 28 1 — 29 Other 9 42 — 51 Total$ 140 $ 77 $ 1,198 $ 1,415 After-tax amount$ 1,124 Impact on net income attributable to PepsiCo per common share$ (0.81) (a)See Note 4 for further information. For information on our policies for indefinite-lived intangible assets, see Note 2.In 2023, a pre-tax credit of $7 million ($7 million after-tax or $0.01 per share) was recorded in our Europe division, primarily in selling, general and administrative expenses, representing adjustments for changes in estimates of previously recorded amounts. In addition, a tax benefit of $68 million ($0.05 per share) was recorded in our Europe division related to the impairment of certain consolidated investments.70 A summary of pre-tax charges taken in 2022 as a result of our decision to reposition or discontinue the sale/distribution of certain brands and to sell an investment is as follows:Cost of salesSelling, general and administrative expensesImpairment of intangible assets(a)TotalPBNA$ 26 $ 8 $ 126 $ 160 Impairment and other charges associated with distribution rights and inventory due to the termination of Bang energy drinks distribution agreementLatAm — 35 36 71 Loss on sale and impairment of intangible assets related to the sale of certain non-strategic brandsEurope 1 10 242 253 Primarily impairment of intangible assets related to the discontinuation or repositioning of certain juice and dairy brands in RussiaAMESA 29 121 9 159 Primarily impairment of investment, property, plant and equipment and intangible assets related to the sale or discontinuation of non-strategic investment and brandsAPAC 5 — — 5 Impairment of property, plant and equipment related to the discontinuation of a non-strategic brand in ChinaTotal$ 61 $ 174 $ 413 $ 648 After-tax amount$ 522 Impact on net income attributable to PepsiCo per common share$ (0.38) (a)See Note 4 for further information. For information on our policies for indefinite-lived intangible assets, see Note 2.In 2023, a pre-tax credit of $13 million ($13 million after-tax or $0.01 per share) was recorded in our AMESA division, with $9 million in selling, general and administrative expenses and $4 million in cost of sales. In addition, a pre-tax charge of $2 million ($1 million after-tax with a nominal amount per share) was recorded in our LatAm division in selling, general and administrative expenses. Both of these amounts represent adjustments for changes in estimates of previously recorded amounts.71 A summary of pre-tax impairment charges taken as a result of our quantitative assessments of certain of our indefinite-lived intangible assets and related to our investment in TBG is as follows:Other impairment charges20232022Selling, general and administrative expensesImpairment of intangible assets(a)TotalImpairment of intangible assets(a)FLNA$ — $ — $ — $ 88 Related to a baked fruit convenient food brandPBNA 321 — 321 — Includes our proportionate share of TBG’s indefinite-lived intangible assets impairment and other-than-temporary impairment of our investment in TBGEurope — 862 862 1,264 Related to the SodaStream brand and goodwillAMESA — 6 6 31Related to brands from the Pioneer Foods acquisitionAPAC — 59 59 172Related to the Be & Cheery brandTotal$ 321 $ 927 $ 1,248 $ 1,555 After-tax amount$ 1,033 $ 1,301 Impact on net income attributable to PepsiCo per common share$ (0.75) $ (0.94) (a)See Note 4 for further information. For information on our policies for indefinite-lived intangible assets, see Note 2.COVID-19 ChargesOperating profit includes certain pre-tax charges taken as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic related to incremental employee compensation costs, such as certain leave benefits and labor costs, employee protection costs, allowances for expected credit losses and upfront payments to customers and their related adjustments for changes in estimates as conditions improve. These pre-tax charges were not significant in 2023. In 2022 and 2021, these pre-tax charges by division were as follows:COVID-19 charges20222021FLNA$ 25 $ 56 QFNA 1 2 PBNA (a) 23 (11) LatAm 15 64 Europe 5 21 AMESA 5 7 APAC 21 9 Total$ 95 $ 148 (a)Income amount primarily relates to adjustments for changes in estimates of allowances for expected credit losses and upfront payments to customers, due to improved projected default rates and lower at-risk balances.72 Corporate Unallocated Expenses
Corporate unallocated expenses include costs of our corporate headquarters, centrally managed initiatives
such as commodity derivative gains and losses, foreign exchange transaction gains and losses, our ongoing
business transformation initiatives, unallocated research and development costs, unallocated insurance and
benefit programs, tax-related contingent consideration, certain acquisition and divestiture-related charges,
certain gains and losses on equity investments, as well as certain other items.
Other Division Information
Total assets and capital spending of each division are as follows:
FLNA
QFNA
PBNA
LatAm
Europe
AMESA
APAC
Total division
Corporate (a)
Total
$
Total Assets
2023
12,176 $
1,199
41,355
9,281
15,615
6,389
5,630
91,645
8,850
$ 100,495 $
2022
11,042
1,245
40,286
7,886
16,230
6,143
5,452
88,284
3,903
92,187
Capital Spending
2023
1,341 $
103
1,723
841
551
391
284
5,234
284
5,518 $
2022
1,464 $
93
1,714
581
668
307
241
5,068
139
5,207 $
$
$
2021
1,411
92
1,275
461
752
325
203
4,519
106
4,625
(a) Corporate assets consist principally of certain cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, short-term investments, derivative instruments,
property, plant and equipment, pension plan assets and tax assets. In 2023, the change in assets was primarily due to an increase in cash
and cash equivalents.
Amortization of intangible assets and depreciation and other amortization of each division are as follows:
FLNA
QFNA
PBNA
LatAm
Europe
AMESA
APAC
Total division
Corporate
Total
Amortization of
Intangible Assets
2023
2022
$
$
11 $
—
22
2
29
3
8
75
—
75 $
11 $
—
22
3
30
4
8
78
—
78 $
Depreciation and
Other Amortization
2023
736 $
51
1,003
372
347
167
99
2,775
98
2,873 $
2022
653 $
47
930
306
357
179
92
2,564
121
2,685 $
2021
594
46
926
283
364
181
102
2,496
123
2,619
2021
11
—
25
4
37
5
9
91
—
91
$
$
73
Net revenue and long-lived assets by country are as follows:
United States
Mexico
Canada
Russia
China
United Kingdom
Brazil
South Africa
All other countries
Total
Net Revenue
2022
49,390 $
5,472
3,536
4,118
2,752
1,844
1,617
1,837
15,826
86,392 $
2023
52,165 $
7,011
3,722
3,566
2,703
1,946
1,779
1,707
16,872
91,471 $
$
$
Long-Lived Assets(a)
2021
44,545
4,580
3,405
3,426
2,679
2,102
1,252
2,008
15,477
79,474
$
$
2023
41,234 $
2,509
2,815
1,986
1,510
868
573
1,305
11,226
64,026 $
2022
38,240
1,933
2,678
2,538
1,517
847
446
1,327
12,439
61,965
(a) Long-lived assets represent property, plant and equipment, indefinite-lived intangible assets, amortizable intangible assets, investments
in noncontrolled affiliates and other investments included in other assets. See Notes 2 and 15 for further information on property, plant
and equipment. See Notes 2 and 4 for further information on goodwill and other intangible assets. See Notes 9 and 15 for further
information on other assets. These assets are reported in the country where they are primarily used.
Note 2 — Our Significant Accounting Policies
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue when our performance obligation is satisfied. Our primary performance obligation
(the distribution and sales of beverage and convenient food products) is satisfied upon the shipment or
delivery of products to our customers, which is also when control is transferred. Merchandising activities
are performed after a customer obtains control of the product, are accounted for as fulfillment of our
performance obligation to ship or deliver product to our customers and are recorded in selling, general and
administrative expenses. Merchandising activities are immaterial in the context of our contracts. In
addition, we exclude from net revenue all sales, use, value-added and certain excise taxes assessed by
government authorities on revenue producing transactions.
The transfer of control of products to our customers is typically based on written sales terms that generally
do not allow for a right of return, except in the instance of a product recall or other limited circumstances
that may allow for product returns. Our policy for DSD, including certain chilled products, is to remove
and replace damaged and out-of-date products from store shelves to ensure that consumers receive the
product quality and freshness they expect. Similarly, our policy for certain warehouse-distributed products
is to replace damaged and out-of-date products. As a result, we record reserves, based on estimates, for
product recall, anticipated damaged and out-of-date products.
Our products are sold for cash or on credit terms. Our credit terms, which are established in accordance
with local and industry practices, typically require payment within 30 days of delivery in the United
States, and generally within 30 to 90 days internationally, and may allow discounts for early payment.
We estimate and reserve for our expected credit loss exposure based on our experience with past due
accounts and collectibility, write-off history, the aging of accounts receivable, our analysis of customer
data, and forward-looking information (including the expected impact of a high interest rate and
inflationary cost environment), leveraging estimates of creditworthiness and projections of default and
recovery rates for certain of our customers.
We are exposed to concentration of credit risk from our major customers, including Walmart. We have not
experienced credit issues with these customers. In 2023, sales to Walmart and its affiliates (including
Sam’s) represented approximately 14% of our consolidated net revenue, including concentrate sales to our
independent bottlers, which were used in finished goods sold by them to Walmart.
74
Total Marketplace Spending
We offer sales incentives and discounts through various programs to customers and consumers. Total
marketplace spending includes sales incentives, discounts, advertising and other marketing activities.
Sales incentives and discounts are primarily accounted for as a reduction of revenue and include payments
to customers for performing activities on our behalf, such as payments for in-store displays, payments to
gain distribution of new products, payments for shelf space and discounts to promote lower retail prices.
Sales incentives and discounts also include support provided to our independent bottlers through funding
of advertising and other marketing activities.
A number of our sales incentives, such as bottler funding to independent bottlers and customer volume
rebates, are based on annual targets, and accruals are established during the year, as products are
delivered, for the expected payout, which may occur after year-end once reconciled and settled. These
accruals are based on contract terms and our historical experience with similar programs and require
management judgment with respect to estimating customer and consumer participation and performance
levels. Differences between estimated expense and actual incentive costs are normally insignificant and
are recognized in earnings in the period such differences are determined. In addition, certain advertising
and marketing costs are also based on annual targets and recognized during the year as incurred.
The terms of most of our incentive arrangements do not exceed one year and, therefore, do not require
highly uncertain long-term estimates. Certain arrangements, such as fountain pouring rights, may extend
beyond one year. Upfront payments to customers under these arrangements are recognized over the
shorter of the economic or contractual life, primarily as a reduction of revenue, and the remaining balances
of $228 million as of December 30, 2023 and $242 million as of December 31, 2022 are included in
prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets on our balance sheet.
For interim reporting, our policy is to allocate our forecasted full-year sales incentives for most of our
programs to each of our interim reporting periods in the same year that benefits from the programs. The
allocation methodology is based on our forecasted sales incentives for the full year and the proportion of
each interim period’s actual gross revenue or volume, as applicable, to our forecasted annual gross
revenue or volume, as applicable. Based on our review of the forecasts at each interim period, any changes
in estimates and the related allocation of sales incentives are recognized beginning in the interim period
that they are identified. In addition, we apply a similar allocation methodology for interim reporting
purposes for certain advertising and other marketing activities. Our annual consolidated financial
statements are not impacted by this interim allocation methodology.
Advertising and other marketing activities, reported as selling, general and administrative expenses,
totaled $5.7 billion in 2023, $5.2 billion in 2022 and $5.1 billion in 2021, including advertising expenses
of $3.8 billion in 2023 and $3.5 billion in both 2022 and 2021. Deferred advertising costs are not expensed
until the year first used and consist of:
• media and personal service prepayments;
•
•
promotional materials in inventory; and
production costs of future media advertising.
Deferred advertising costs of $67 million and $40 million as of December 30, 2023 and December 31,
2022, respectively, are classified as prepaid expenses and other current assets on our balance sheet.
Distribution Costs
Distribution costs, including the costs of shipping and handling activities, which include certain
merchandising activities, are reported as selling, general and administrative expenses. Shipping and
handling expenses were $15.4 billion in 2023, $15.0 billion in 2022 and $13.7 billion in 2021.
75
Software CostsWe capitalize certain computer software and software development costs incurred in connection with developing or obtaining computer software for internal use when both the preliminary project stage is completed and it is probable that the software will be used as intended. Capitalized software costs include (1) external direct costs of materials and services utilized in developing or obtaining computer software, (2) compensation and related benefits for employees who are directly associated with the software projects and (3) interest costs incurred while developing internal-use computer software. Capitalized software costs are included in property, plant and equipment on our balance sheet and amortized on a straight-line basis when placed into service over the estimated useful lives of the software, which approximate five to 10 years. Software amortization totaled $159 million in 2023, $123 million in 2022 and $135 million in 2021. Net capitalized software and development costs were $1.4 billion and $1.1 billion as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.Commitments and ContingenciesWe are subject to various claims and contingencies related to lawsuits, certain taxes and environmental matters, as well as commitments under contractual and other commercial obligations. We recognize liabilities for contingencies and commitments when a loss is probable and estimable.Research and DevelopmentWe engage in a variety of research and development activities and continue to invest to accelerate growth and to drive innovation globally. Consumer research is excluded from research and development costs and included in other marketing costs. Research and development costs were $804 million, $771 million and $752 million in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and are reported within selling, general and administrative expenses.Goodwill and Other Intangible AssetsIndefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill are not amortized and, as a result, are assessed for impairment at least annually, using either a qualitative or quantitative approach. We perform this annual assessment during our third quarter, or more frequently if circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Where we use the qualitative assessment, first we determine if, based on qualitative factors, it is more likely than not that an impairment exists. Factors considered include macroeconomic conditions (including those related to the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East and a high interest rate and inflationary cost environment), industry and competitive conditions, legal and regulatory environment, historical financial performance and significant changes in the brand or reporting unit. If the qualitative assessment indicates that it is more likely than not that an impairment exists, then a quantitative assessment is performed.In the quantitative assessment for indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill, an assessment is performed to determine the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset and the reporting unit, respectively. Estimated fair value is determined using discounted cash flows and requires an analysis of several estimates including future cash flows or income consistent with management’s strategic business plans, annual sales growth rates, perpetuity growth assumptions and the selection of assumptions underlying a discount rate (weighted-average cost of capital) based on market data available at the time. Significant management judgment is necessary to estimate the impact of competitive operating, macroeconomic and other factors (including those related to the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East and a high interest rate and inflationary cost environment) to estimate future levels of sales, operating profit or cash flows. All assumptions used in our impairment evaluations for indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill, such as forecasted growth rates (including perpetuity growth assumptions) and weighted-average cost of capital, are based on the best available market information and are consistent 76 with our internal forecasts and operating plans. A deterioration in these assumptions could adversely impact our results.Amortizable intangible assets are only evaluated for impairment upon a significant change in the operating or macroeconomic environment. If an evaluation of the undiscounted future cash flows indicates impairment, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value, which is based on its discounted future cash flows. See Note 4 for further information. Other Significant Accounting PoliciesOur other significant accounting policies are disclosed as follows:•Basis of Presentation – Note 1 includes a description of our policies regarding use of estimates, basis of presentation and consolidation.•Income Taxes – Note 5.•Share-Based Compensation – Note 6.•Pension, Retiree Medical and Savings Plans – Note 7.•Financial Instruments – Note 9.•Cash Equivalents – Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.•Inventories – Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using the average; first-in, first-out (FIFO); or, in limited instances, last-in, first-out (LIFO) methods. For inventories valued under the LIFO method, the differences between the LIFO and FIFO methods of valuing inventories are not material.•Property, Plant and Equipment – Note 15. Property, plant and equipment is recorded at historical cost. Depreciation is recognized on a straight-line basis over an asset’s estimated useful life. Construction in progress is not depreciated until ready for service. •Translation of Financial Statements of Foreign Subsidiaries – Financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars using period-end exchange rates for assets and liabilities and average exchange rates for revenues and expenses. Adjustments resulting from translating net assets are reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss within common shareholders’ equity as currency translation adjustment.Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements AdoptedIn September 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued guidance to enhance the transparency of supplier finance programs to allow financial statement users to understand the effect on working capital, liquidity and cash flows. The new guidance requires disclosure of key terms of the program, including a description of the payment terms, payment timing and assets pledged as security or other forms of guarantees provided to the finance provider or intermediary. Other requirements include the disclosure of the amount that remains unpaid as of the end of the reporting period, a description of where these obligations are presented in the balance sheet and a rollforward of the obligation during the annual period. We adopted the guidance in the first quarter of 2023, except for the rollforward, which is effective in fiscal year 2024 with early adoption permitted. We will adopt the rollforward guidance when effective, in our 2024 annual reporting. See Note 14 for disclosures currently required under this guidance.77 Not Yet AdoptedIn December 2023, the FASB issued guidance to enhance transparency of income tax disclosures. On an annual basis, the new guidance requires a public entity to disclose: (1) specific categories in the rate reconciliation, (2) additional information for reconciling items that are equal to or greater than 5% of the amount computed by multiplying income (or loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) by the applicable statutory income tax rate, (3) income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by federal (national), state, and foreign taxes, with foreign taxes disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid is equal to or greater than 5% of total income taxes paid, (4) income (or loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) disaggregated between domestic and foreign, and (5) income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated between federal (national), state and foreign. The guidance is effective for fiscal year 2025 annual reporting, with early adoption permitted, to be applied on a prospective basis, with retrospective application permitted. We will adopt the guidance when it becomes effective, in our 2025 annual reporting, on a prospective basis.In November 2023, the FASB issued guidance to enhance disclosure of expenses of a public entity’s reportable segments. The new guidance requires a public entity to disclose: (1) on an annual and interim basis, significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (CODM) and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss, (2) on an annual and interim basis, an amount for other segment items (the difference between segment revenue less the significant expenses disclosed under the significant expense principle and each reported measure of segment profit or loss), including a description of its composition, (3) on an annual and interim basis, information about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets previously required to be disclosed only on an annual basis, and (4) the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and how to allocate resources. The new guidance also clarifies that if the CODM uses more than one measure of a segment’s profit or loss, one or more of those measures may be reported and requires that a public entity that has a single reportable segment provide all the disclosures required by the amendments in this update and all existing segment disclosures. The guidance is effective for fiscal year 2024 annual reporting, and in the first quarter of 2025 for interim period reporting, with early adoption permitted. Upon adoption, this guidance should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented. We will adopt the guidance when it becomes effective, in our 2024 annual reporting.Note 3 — Restructuring and Impairment Charges2019 Multi-Year Productivity PlanWe publicly announced a multi-year productivity plan on February 15, 2019 that will leverage new technology and business models to further simplify, harmonize and automate processes; re-engineer our go-to-market and information systems, including deploying the right automation for each market; and simplify our organization and optimize our manufacturing and supply chain footprint. To build on the successful implementation of the 2019 Productivity Plan, in 2022, we expanded and extended the plan through the end of 2028 to take advantage of additional opportunities within the initiatives described above. As a result, we expect to incur pre-tax charges of approximately $3.65 billion, including cash expenditures of approximately $2.9 billion. These pre-tax charges are expected to consist of approximately 55% of severance and other employee-related costs, 10% for asset impairments (all non-cash) resulting from plant closures and related actions and 35% for other costs associated with the implementation of our initiatives. 78 The total plan pre-tax charges are expected to be incurred by division approximately as follows:
Expected pre-tax charges
15 %
1 %
25 %
10 %
25 %
5 %
4 %
15 %
FLNA
QFNA
PBNA
LatAm
Europe
AMESA
APAC
Corporate
A summary of our 2019 Productivity Plan charges is as follows:
Cost of sales
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Other pension and retiree medical benefits (income)/
expense (a)
Total restructuring and impairment charges
After-tax amount
Impact on net income attributable to PepsiCo per
common share
$
$
$
$
2023
13 $
433
(1)
445 $
349 $
2022
33 $
347
31
411 $
334 $
2021
29
208
10
247
206
(0.25) $
(0.24) $
(0.15)
2023
2022
2021
FLNA
QFNA
PBNA
LatAm
Europe
AMESA
APAC
Corporate
Other pension and retiree medical
benefits (income)/expense (a)
Total
$
$
42 $
—
41
29
223
15
8
88
446
(1)
445 $
46 $
7
68
32
109
12
16
90
380
31
411 $
(a)
Income amount represents adjustments for changes in estimates of previously recorded amounts.
Severance and other employee costs
Asset impairments
Other costs
Total
Plan to Date
through 12/30/2023
252
19
267
200
566
97
85
317
1,803
28 $
—
20
37
81
15
7
49
237
10
247 $
97
1,900
Plan to Date
through 12/30/2023
$
$
1,050
192
658
1,900
Severance and other employee costs primarily include severance and other termination benefits, as well as
voluntary separation arrangements. Other costs primarily include costs associated with the implementation
of our initiatives, including consulting and other professional fees, as well as contract termination costs.
79
A summary of our 2019 Productivity Plan is as follows:Severance and Other Employee CostsAsset ImpairmentsOther CostsTotalLiability as of December 26, 2020$ 122 $ — $ 5 $ 127 2021 restructuring charges 120 32 95 247 Cash payments (a) (163) — (93) (256) Non-cash charges and translation (15) (32) — (47) Liability as of December 25, 2021 64 — 7 71 2022 restructuring charges 243 33 135 411 Cash payments (a) (90) — (134) (224) Non-cash charges and translation (29) (33) — (62) Liability as of December 31, 2022 188 — 8 196 2023 restructuring charges 243 2 200 445 Cash payments (a) (242) — (192) (434) Non-cash charges and translation (1) (2) (7) (10) Liability as of December 30, 2023$ 188 $ — $ 9 $ 197 (a)Excludes cash expenditures of $1 million in 2023, $1 million in 2022 and $2 million in 2021, reported in the cash flow statement in pension and retiree medical plan contributions.The majority of the restructuring accrual at December 30, 2023 is expected to be paid by the end of 2024.Other Productivity InitiativesThere were no material charges related to other productivity and efficiency initiatives outside the scope of the 2019 Productivity Plan.We regularly evaluate different productivity initiatives beyond the productivity plan and other initiatives described above. For information on additional impairment charges, see Notes 1, 4 and 9 for impairment and other charges taken related to the Russia-Ukraine conflict, brand portfolio impairment charges and other impairment charges.Note 4 — Intangible AssetsA summary of our amortizable intangible assets is as follows: 202320222021AverageUseful Life (Years)GrossAccumulated Amortization Net GrossAccumulated Amortization Net Acquired franchise rights56 – 60$ 840 $ (214) $ 626 $ 837 $ (200) $ 637 Customer relationships 10 – 24 560 (265) 295 571 (237) 334 Brands20 – 40 1,093 (989) 104 1,097 (973) 124 Other identifiable intangibles10 – 24 449 (275) 174 447 (265) 182 Total$ 2,942 $ (1,743) $ 1,199 $ 2,952 $ (1,675) $ 1,277 Amortization expense $ 75 $ 78 $ 91 80 Amortization is recognized on a straight-line basis over an intangible asset’s estimated useful life. Amortization of intangible assets for each of the next five years, based on existing intangible assets as of December 30, 2023 and using average 2023 foreign exchange rates, is expected to be as follows:20242025202620272028Five-year projected amortization$ 72 $ 70 $ 62 $ 60 $ 59 Depreciable and amortizable assets are evaluated for impairment upon a significant change in the operating or macroeconomic environment. In these circumstances, if an evaluation of the undiscounted cash flows indicates impairment, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value, which is based on discounted future cash flows. Useful lives are periodically evaluated to determine whether events or circumstances have occurred which indicate the need for revision.Indefinite-Lived Intangible AssetsAs discussed in Note 2, we perform our annual impairment assessment on indefinite-lived intangible assets during our third quarter. The annual impairment assessment on indefinite-lived intangible assets performed in the third quarter of 2023, based on best available market information and our internal forecasts and operating plans at the time, did not result in any material impairment charges.In the fourth quarter of 2023, macroeconomic conditions, including higher interest rates, inflationary costs, and the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, and recent business performance indicated a deterioration of the significant inputs used to determine the fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible assets in various markets, primarily assumptions underlying the weighted-average cost of capital and the impact of economic uncertainty on current and future financial performance, and required us to perform a quantitative assessment on certain assets. The fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible assets was estimated using discounted cash flows under the income approach, which we consider to be a Level 3 measurement. We determined that the carrying value exceeded the fair value, which reflects the increase in the weighted-average cost of capital as well as our most current estimates of future sales and their contributions to operating profit and expected future cash flows (including perpetuity growth assumptions). As a result of the quantitative assessment, we recorded pre-tax impairment charges of $0.6 billion ($0.5 billion after-tax or $0.35 per share) for brands and $0.3 billion ($0.3 billion after-tax or $0.22 per share) for goodwill, both in impairment of intangible assets, primarily related to the SodaStream brand and reporting unit in our Europe division, in the year ended December 30, 2023. See Note 1 for further information.In the first quarter of 2022, we discontinued or repositioned certain juice and dairy brands in Russia in our Europe division. As a result, we recognized pre-tax impairment charges (included in brand portfolio impairment charges) of $241 million ($193 million after-tax or $0.14 per share) in impairment of intangible assets, primarily related to indefinite-lived intangible assets in the year ended December 31, 2022. See Note 1 for further information. In the second quarter of 2022, macroeconomic factors, sanctions and other regulations as a result of the Russia-Ukraine conflict indicated a material deterioration of the significant inputs used to determine the fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible assets in Russia, primarily assumptions underlying the weighted-average cost of capital. These factors required us to perform a quantitative assessment, despite the absence of a material adverse impact on these assets’ financial performance (e.g., sales, operating profit, cash flows). The fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible assets in Russia was estimated using discounted cash flows under the income approach, which we consider to be a Level 3 measurement. We determined that the carrying value exceeded the fair value, with the decrease in the fair value primarily attributable to a significant increase in the weighted-average cost of capital, which reflected the macroeconomic uncertainty in Russia. As a result of the quantitative assessment, we recorded pre-tax 81 impairment charges of $1.2 billion ($958 million after-tax or $0.69 per share) in impairment of intangible
assets, related to our juice and dairy brands in Russia in our Europe division, in the year ended
December 31, 2022. See Note 1 for further information.
In the fourth quarter of 2022, macroeconomic conditions including a high interest rate and inflationary
cost environment, coupled with recent business performance, indicated a deterioration of the significant
inputs used to determine the fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible assets in various markets,
primarily assumptions underlying the weighted-average cost of capital and the impact of economic
uncertainty on current and future financial performance, and required us to perform a quantitative
assessment on certain assets. The fair value of our indefinite-lived intangible assets was estimated using
discounted cash flows under the income approach, which we consider to be a Level 3 measurement. We
determined that the carrying value exceeded the fair value, which reflected the increase in the weighted-
average cost of capital as well as our most current estimates of future sales and their contributions to
operating profit and expected future cash flows (including perpetuity growth assumptions). As a result of
the quantitative assessment, we recognized pre-tax impairment charges of $1.6 billion ($1.3 billion after-
tax or $0.94 per share) in impairment of intangible assets, primarily related to the SodaStream brand in our
Europe division, in the year ended December 31, 2022. See Note 1 for further information.
We did not recognize any impairment charges for goodwill in each of the years ended December 31, 2022
and December 25, 2021. We did not recognize any impairment charges for indefinite-lived intangible
assets in the year ended December 25, 2021.
As of December 30, 2023, the estimated fair values of our indefinite-lived reacquired and acquired
franchise rights recorded at PBNA exceeded their carrying values. However, there could be an impairment
of the carrying value of PBNA’s reacquired and acquired franchise rights, as well as further impairment to
the carrying value of the SodaStream reporting unit goodwill, if future sales and their contributions to
operating profit do not achieve our expected future cash flows (including perpetuity growth assumptions)
or if macroeconomic conditions result in a future increase in the weighted-average cost of capital used to
estimate fair value.
For further information on our policies for indefinite-lived intangible assets, see Note 2.
82
The change in the book value of indefinite-lived intangible assets is as follows:Balance,Beginning2022AcquisitionsImpairmentTranslationand OtherBalance,End of2022AcquisitionsImpairmentTranslationand OtherBalance,End of2023FLNA Goodwill$ 458 $ — $ — $ (7) $ 451 $ — $ — $ 2 $ 453 Brands (a) 340 — (88) (1) 251 — — — 251 Total 798 — (88) (8) 702 — — 2 704 QFNA Goodwill 189 — — — 189 — — — 189 Total 189 — — — 189 — — — 189 PBNA Goodwill 11,974 — — (27) 11,947 4 — 10 11,961 Reacquired franchise rights 7,107 — — (46) 7,061 36 — 17 7,114 Acquired franchise rights (b) 1,538 230 — (10) 1,758 14 — (35) 1,737 Brands 2,508 — — — 2,508 — — — 2,508 Total 23,127 230 — (83) 23,274 54 — (8) 23,320 LatAmGoodwill 433 — — 3 436 — — 24 460 Brands (c) 100 — (29) 4 75 — — 7 82 Total 533 — (29) 7 511 — — 31 542 Europe Goodwill (d)(e) 3,700 — — (54) 3,646 — (290) (190) 3,166 Reacquired franchise rights 441 — — (20) 421 — — (2) 419 Acquired franchise rights 158 — (1) (9) 148 — — 6 154 Brands (e) 4,254 — (2,684) 94 1,664 — (572) 32 1,124 Total 8,553 — (2,685) 11 5,879 — (862) (154) 4,863 AMESAGoodwill 1,063 14 — (62) 1,015 34 — (58) 991 Brands (f) 205 — (36) (13) 156 — (6) (13) 137 Total 1,268 14 (36) (75) 1,171 34 (6) (71) 1,128 APAC Goodwill 564 — — (46) 518 — — (10) 508 Brands (g) 476 — (172) (37) 267 — (59) (4) 204 Total 1,040 — (172) (83) 785 — (59) (14) 712 Total goodwill 18,381 14 — (193) 18,202 38 (290) (222) 17,728 Total reacquired franchise rights 7,548 — — (66) 7,482 36 — 15 7,533 Total acquired franchise rights 1,696 230 (1) (19) 1,906 14 — (29) 1,891 Total brands 7,883 — (3,009) 47 4,921 — (637) 22 4,306 Total$ 35,508 $ 244 $ (3,010) $ (231) $ 32,511 $ 88 $ (927) $ (214) $ 31,458 (a)Impairment in 2022 is related to a baked fruit convenient food brand.(b)Acquisitions in 2022 primarily reflect our agreement with Celsius to distribute Celsius energy drinks in the United States. Translation and other in 2023 primarily reflects adjustments to previously recorded amounts related to our agreement with Celsius. See Note 9 for further information.(c)Impairment in 2022 is related to the sale of certain non-strategic brands. See Note 1 for further information.(d)Translation and other in 2023 primarily reflects the depreciation of the Russian ruble, partially offset by appreciation of the euro and British pound. (e)Impairment in 2022 is related to the SodaStream brand, the decrease in fair value as a result of the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the discontinuation or repositioning of certain juice and dairy brands in Russia. Impairments in 2023 are related to SodaStream goodwill and brand.83 (f)Impairment is related to brands from the Pioneer Foods acquisition. (g)Impairment in 2022 and 2023 is related to the Be & Cheery brand.Note 5 — Income TaxesThe components of income before income taxes are as follows:202320222021United States$ 4,120 $ 7,305 $ 3,740 Foreign 7,297 3,400 6,081 $ 11,417 $ 10,705 $ 9,821 The provision for income taxes consisted of the following:202320222021Current:U.S. Federal$ 1,133 $ 1,137 $ 702 Foreign 1,201 1,027 955 State 309 246 44 2,643 2,410 1,701 Deferred:U.S. Federal (109) 22 375 Foreign (212) (709) (14) State (60) 4 80 (381) (683) 441 $ 2,262 $ 1,727 $ 2,142 A reconciliation of the U.S. Federal statutory tax rate to our annual tax rate is as follows:202320222021U.S. Federal statutory tax rate 21.0 % 21.0 % 21.0 %State income tax, net of U.S. Federal tax benefit 1.8 1.8 1.0 Lower taxes on foreign results (2.5) (1.5) (1.6) One-time mandatory transition tax - TCJ Act — 0.8 1.9 Juice Transaction (0.1) (2.4) — Tax settlements — (3.0) — Other, net (0.4) (0.6) (0.5) Annual tax rate 19.8 % 16.1 % 21.8 %Tax Cuts and Jobs ActIn 2022, we recorded $86 million ($0.06 per share) of net tax expense related to the TCJ Act as a result of correlating adjustments related to a partial audit settlement with the IRS for tax years 2014 through 2019. In 2021, we recorded $190 million ($0.14 per share) of net tax expense related to the TCJ Act as a result of adjustments related to the final assessment of the 2014 through 2016 IRS audit. As of December 30, 2023, our mandatory transition tax liability was $2.3 billion, which must be paid through 2026 under the provisions of the TCJ Act. We reduced our liability through cash payments and application of tax overpayments by $309 million in each of 2023, 2022 and 2021. We currently expect to pay approximately $579 million of this liability in 2024.84 The TCJ Act also created a requirement that certain income earned by foreign subsidiaries, known as global intangible low-tax income (GILTI), must be included in the gross income of their U.S. shareholder. The FASB allows an accounting policy election of either recognizing deferred taxes for temporary differences expected to reverse as GILTI in future years or recognizing such taxes as a current-period expense when incurred. We elected to treat the tax effect of GILTI as a current-period expense when incurred.Other Tax MattersIn 2021, we received a final assessment from the IRS audit for the tax years 2014 through 2016. The assessment included both agreed and unagreed issues. On October 29, 2021, we filed a formal written protest of the assessment and requested an appeals conference. As a result of the analysis of the 2014 through 2016 final assessment, we remeasured all applicable reserves for uncertain tax positions for all years open under the statute of limitations, including any correlating adjustments impacting the mandatory transition tax liability under the TCJ Act, resulting in a net non-cash tax expense of $112 million ($0.08 per share) in 2021.In 2022, we came to an agreement with the IRS to settle one of the issues assessed in the 2014 through 2016 tax audit. The agreement covers tax years 2014 through 2019. As a result, we reduced our reserves for uncertain tax positions, including any correlating adjustments impacting the mandatory transition tax liability under the TCJ Act, resulting in a net non-cash tax benefit of $233 million ($0.17 per share) in 2022. Tax years 2014 through 2019 remain under audit for other issues.85 Deferred tax liabilities and assets are comprised of the following:20232022Deferred tax liabilitiesDebt guarantee of wholly-owned subsidiary$ 578 $ 578 Property, plant and equipment 1,978 2,126 Recapture of net operating losses 492 492 Pension liabilities 167 189 Right-of-use assets 660 534 Investment in TBG 93 186 Other 350 232 Gross deferred tax liabilities 4,318 4,337 Deferred tax assetsNet carryforwards 6,877 5,342 Intangible assets other than nondeductible goodwill 1,758 1,614 Share-based compensation 137 120 Retiree medical benefits 114 118 Other employee-related benefits 412 349 Deductible state tax and interest benefits 176 144 Lease liabilities 660 534 Capitalized research and development 210 150 Other 1,031 1,050 Gross deferred tax assets 11,375 9,421 Valuation allowances (6,478) (5,013) Deferred tax assets, net 4,897 4,408 Net deferred tax (assets)/liabilities$ (579) $ (71) A summary of our valuation allowance activity is as follows: 202320222021Balance, beginning of year$ 5,013 $ 4,628 $ 4,686 Provision 1,419 492 (9) Other (deductions)/additions 46 (107) (49) Balance, end of year$ 6,478 $ 5,013 $ 4,628 86 ReservesA number of years may elapse before a particular matter, for which we have established a reserve, is audited and finally resolved. The number of years with open tax audits varies depending on the tax jurisdiction. Our major taxing jurisdictions and the related open tax audits are as follows:JurisdictionYears Open to AuditYears Currently Under AuditUnited States2014-20222014-2019Mexico2014-20222014-2019United Kingdom2021-2022NoneCanada (Domestic)2018-20222019Canada (International)2012-20222012-2019Russia2020-2022NoneOur annual tax rate is based on our income, statutory tax rates and tax planning strategies and transactions, including transfer pricing arrangements, available to us in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. Significant judgment is required in determining our annual tax rate and in evaluating our tax positions. We establish reserves when, despite our belief that our tax return positions are fully supportable, we believe that certain positions are subject to challenge and that we likely will not succeed. We adjust these reserves, as well as the related interest, in light of changing facts and circumstances, such as the progress of a tax audit, new tax laws, relevant court cases or tax authority settlements. Settlement of any particular issue would usually require the use of cash. Favorable resolution would be recognized as a reduction to our annual tax rate in the year of resolution.As of December 30, 2023, the total gross amount of reserves for income taxes, reported in other liabilities, was $2.1 billion. We accrue interest related to reserves for income taxes in our provision for income taxes and any associated penalties are recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses. The gross amount of interest accrued, reported in other liabilities, was $390 million as of December 30, 2023, of which $102 million of tax expense was recognized in 2023. The gross amount of interest accrued, reported in other liabilities, was $292 million as of December 31, 2022, of which $4 million of tax benefit was recognized in 2022.A reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:20232022Balance, beginning of year$ 1,867 $ 1,900 Additions for tax positions related to the current year 225 228 Additions for tax positions from prior years 123 206 Reductions for tax positions from prior years (51) (357) Settlement payments (16) (53) Statutes of limitations expiration (33) (36) Translation and other (22) (21) Balance, end of year$ 2,093 $ 1,867 Carryforwards and AllowancesOperating loss carryforwards and income tax credits totaling $34.7 billion as of December 30, 2023 are being carried forward in a number of foreign and state jurisdictions where we are permitted to use tax operating losses and income tax credits from prior periods to reduce future taxable income or income tax liabilities. These operating losses and income tax credits will expire as follows: $0.4 billion in 2024, $29.8 87 billion between 2025 and 2041 and $4.5 billion may be carried forward indefinitely. We establish valuation allowances for our deferred tax assets if, based on the available evidence, it is not more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized.Undistributed International Earnings As of December 30, 2023, we had approximately $7 billion of undistributed international earnings. We intend to continue to reinvest $7 billion of earnings outside the United States for the foreseeable future and while future distribution of these earnings would not be subject to U.S. federal tax expense, no deferred tax liabilities with respect to items such as certain foreign exchange gains or losses, foreign withholding taxes or state taxes have been recognized. It is not practicable for us to determine the amount of unrecognized tax expense on these reinvested international earnings.Note 6 — Share-Based CompensationOur share-based compensation program is designed to attract and retain employees while also aligning employees’ interests with the interests of our shareholders. PepsiCo has granted stock options, RSUs, PSUs and long-term cash awards to employees under the shareholder-approved PepsiCo, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan (LTIP). Executives who are awarded long-term incentives based on their performance may generally elect to receive their grant in the form of stock options or RSUs, or a combination thereof. Executives who elect stock options receive four stock options for every one RSU that would have otherwise been granted. Certain executive officers and other senior executives do not have a choice and are granted 66% PSUs and 34% long-term cash, each of which are subject to pre-established performance targets. The Company may use authorized and unissued shares to meet share requirements resulting from the exercise of stock options and the vesting of RSUs and PSUs. As of December 30, 2023, 28 million shares were available for future share-based compensation grants under the LTIP.The following table summarizes our total share-based compensation expense, which is primarily recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses, and excess tax benefits recognized:202320222021Share-based compensation expense - equity awards$ 380 $ 343 $ 301 Share-based compensation expense - liability awards 19 30 20 Acquisition and divestiture-related charges — 3 — Restructuring charges (1) — 1 Total$ 398 $ 376 $ 322 Income tax benefits recognized in earnings related to share-based compensation$ 73 $ 62 $ 57 Excess tax benefits related to share-based compensation$ 36 $ 44 $ 38 As of December 30, 2023, there was $441 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested share-based compensation grants. This unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of two years.Method of Accounting and Our AssumptionsThe fair value of share-based award grants is amortized to expense over the vesting period, primarily three years. Awards to employees eligible for retirement prior to the award becoming fully vested are amortized to expense over the period through the date that the employee first becomes eligible to retire and is no 88 longer required to provide service to earn the award. In addition, we use historical data to estimate
forfeiture rates and record share-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to
vest.
We do not backdate, reprice or grant share-based compensation awards retroactively. Repricing of awards
would require shareholder approval under the LTIP.
Stock Options
A stock option permits the holder to purchase shares of PepsiCo common stock at a specified price. We
account for our employee stock options under the fair value method of accounting using a Black-Scholes
valuation model to measure stock option expense at the date of grant. All stock option grants have an
exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant and generally have
a 10-year term.
Our weighted-average Black-Scholes fair value assumptions are as follows:
Expected life
Risk-free interest rate
Expected volatility
Expected dividend yield
2023
7 years
4.2 %
16 %
2.7 %
2022
7 years
1.9 %
16 %
2.5 %
2021
7 years
1.1 %
14 %
3.1 %
The expected life is the period over which our employee groups are expected to hold their options. It is
based on our historical experience with similar grants. The risk-free interest rate is based on the expected
U.S. Treasury rate over the expected life. Volatility reflects movements in our stock price over the most
recent historical period equivalent to the expected life. Dividend yield is estimated over the expected life
based on our stated dividend policy and forecasts of net income, share repurchases and stock price.
A summary of our stock option activity for the year ended December 30, 2023 is as follows:
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price Per
Unit
Weighted-
Average
Contractual
Life
Remaining
(years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value(a)
Options(a)
Outstanding at December 31, 2022
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited/expired
Outstanding at December 30, 2023
Exercisable at December 30, 2023
Expected to vest as of December 30, 2023
(a)
In thousands.
10,504 $
2,162 $
(1,205) $
(294) $
11,167 $
5,225 $
5,604 $
124.63
171.73
96.82
149.42
136.10
111.18
157.42
6.16 $ 380,801
3.74 $ 306,536
73,219
8.25 $
89
Restricted Stock Units and Performance Stock UnitsEach RSU represents our obligation to deliver to the holder one share of PepsiCo common stock when the award vests at the end of the service period. PSUs are awards pursuant to which a number of shares are delivered to the holder upon vesting at the end of the service period based on PepsiCo’s performance against specified financial performance metrics. The number of shares may be increased to the maximum or reduced to the minimum threshold based on the results of these performance metrics in accordance with the terms established at the time of the award. During the vesting period, RSUs and PSUs accrue dividend equivalents that pay out in cash (without interest) if and when the applicable RSU or PSU vests and becomes payable.The fair value of RSUs and PSUs are measured at the market price of the Company’s stock on the date of grant. A summary of our RSU and PSU activity for the year ended December 30, 2023 is as follows:RSUs/PSUs(a)Weighted-AverageGrant-Date Fair Value Per UnitWeighted-Average Contractual LifeRemaining (years)AggregateIntrinsicValue(a)Outstanding at December 31, 2022 5,714 $ 143.02 Granted 2,151 $ 171.11 Converted (1,982) $ 134.42 Forfeited (285) $ 153.07 Outstanding at December 30, 2023 (b) 5,598 $ 156.43 1.22$ 950,735 Expected to vest as of December 30, 2023 (c) 5,853 $ 155.51 1.17$ 993,990 (a)In thousands. Outstanding awards are disclosed at target.(b)The outstanding PSUs for which the vesting period has not ended as of December 30, 2023, at the threshold, target and maximum award levels were zero, 0.7 million and 1.3 million, respectively.(c)Represents the number of outstanding awards expected to vest, including estimated performance adjustments on all outstanding PSUs as of December 30, 2023.Long-Term CashCertain executive officers and other senior executives were granted long-term cash awards for which final payout is based on PepsiCo’s total shareholder return relative to a specific set of peer companies and achievement of a specified performance target over a three-year performance period. Long-term cash awards that qualify as liability awards under share-based compensation guidance are valued through the end of the performance period on a mark-to-market basis using the Monte Carlo simulation model. 90 A summary of our long-term cash activity for the year ended December 30, 2023 is as follows:Long-Term Cash Award(a)Balance Sheet Date Fair Value(b)Contractual Life Remaining(years)Outstanding at December 31, 2022$ 50,254 Granted 20,298 Vested (17,171) Forfeited (1,530) Outstanding at December 30, 2023 (c)$ 51,851 $ 55,058 1.26Expected to vest as of December 30, 2023$ 49,161 $ 52,678 1.23(a)In thousands, disclosed at target. (b)In thousands, based on the most recent valuation as of December 30, 2023.(c)The outstanding awards for which the vesting period has not ended as of December 30, 2023, at the threshold, target and maximum award levels based on the achievement of its market conditions were zero, $52 million and $104 million, respectively.Other Share-Based Compensation DataThe following is a summary of other share-based compensation data:202320222021Stock OptionsTotal number of options granted (a) 2,162 2,422 2,157 Weighted-average grant-date fair value per unit of options granted$ 29.81 $ 19.72 $ 9.88 Total intrinsic value of options exercised (a)$ 100,209 $ 134,580 $ 153,306 Total grant-date fair value of options vested (a)$ 11,830 $ 9,661 $ 10,605 RSUs/PSUsTotal number of RSUs/PSUs granted (a) 2,151 2,263 2,636 Weighted-average grant-date fair value per unit of RSUs/PSUs granted$ 171.11 $ 163.02 $ 131.81 Total intrinsic value of RSUs/PSUs converted (a)$ 396,123 $ 329,705 $ 273,878 Total grant-date fair value of RSUs/PSUs vested (a)$ 286,605 $ 196,649 $ 198,469 (a)In thousands.As of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were approximately 330,000 and 307,000 outstanding awards, respectively, consisting primarily of phantom stock units that were granted under the PepsiCo Director Deferral Program and will be settled in shares of PepsiCo common stock pursuant to the LTIP at the end of the applicable deferral period, not included in the tables above.91 Note 7 — Pension, Retiree Medical and Savings PlansEffective December 31, 2022, we merged two U.S. qualified defined benefit pension plans, PepsiCo Employees Retirement Plan I (Plan I), mostly inactive participants, and PepsiCo Employees Retirement Plan A (Plan A), mostly active participants, with Plan I remaining. The accrued benefits offered to the plans’ participants were unchanged. The merger was made to provide additional flexibility in evaluating opportunities to reduce risk and volatility. Actuarial gains and losses of the merged plan will be amortized over the average remaining life expectancy of participants. There was no material impact to pre-tax pension benefits expense from this merger.In 2022, we transferred pension and retiree medical obligations of $145 million and related assets to TBG in connection with the Juice Transaction. See Note 13 for further information.In 2021, we adopted a change to the Canadian defined benefit plans to freeze pension accruals for salaried participants, effective January 1, 2024, and to close the hourly plan to new non-union employees hired on or after January 1, 2022. After the effective date, all salaried participants receive an employer contribution to the defined contribution plan based on age and years of service regardless of employee contribution and the opportunity to receive employer contributions to match employee contributions up to defined limits. We also adopted a change to the U.K. defined benefit plan to freeze pension accruals for all participants effective March 31, 2022. After the effective date, participants have the opportunity to receive employer contributions to match employee contributions up to defined limits. Pre-tax pension benefits expense will decrease after the effective dates, partially offset by contributions to defined contribution plans.In 2021, we adopted a change to the U.S. qualified defined benefit plans to transfer certain participants from Plan A to Plan I, effective January 1, 2022. The accrued benefits offered to the plans’ participants were unchanged. There was no material impact to pre-tax pension benefits expense from this transaction.In 2020, we adopted an amendment to the U.S. qualified defined benefit plans to freeze benefit accruals for salaried participants, effective December 31, 2025. Gains and losses resulting from actual experience differing from our assumptions, including the difference between the actual and expected return on plan assets, as well as changes in our assumptions, are determined at each measurement date. These differences are recognized as a component of net gain or loss in accumulated other comprehensive loss within common shareholders’ equity. If this net accumulated gain or loss exceeds 10% of the greater of the market-related value of plan assets or plan obligations, a portion of the net gain or loss is included in other pension and retiree medical benefits income for the following year based upon the average remaining service life for participants in PepsiCo Employees Retirement Hourly Plan (Plan H) (approximately 11 years) and retiree medical (approximately 10 years), and the remaining life expectancy for participants in Plan I (approximately 26 years).The cost or benefit of plan changes that increase or decrease benefits for prior employee service (prior service cost/(credit)) is included in other pension and retiree medical benefits income on a straight-line basis over the average remaining service life for participants in Plan H, and the remaining life expectancy for participants in Plan I, except that prior service cost/(credit) for salaried participants subject to the benefit accruals freeze effective December 31, 2025 is amortized on a straight-line basis over the period up to the effective date of the freeze.92 Selected financial information for our pension and retiree medical plans is as follows: PensionRetiree Medical U.S.International 202320222023202220232022Change in projected benefit obligationObligation at beginning of year$ 11,543 $ 16,216 $ 2,603 $ 4,175 $ 714 $ 954 Service cost 327 487 43 64 29 37 Interest cost 593 434 141 90 36 19 Plan amendments 13 10 — — — — Participant contributions — — 2 2 — — Experience loss/(gain) 603 (3,989) 194 (1,284) (22) (198) Benefit payments (1,006) (412) (116) (127) (80) (81) Settlement/curtailment (36) (1,109) (26) (5) — (14) Special termination benefits (1) 37 — — — — Other, including foreign currency adjustment (1) (131) 145 (312) — (3) Obligation at end of year$ 12,035 $ 11,543 $ 2,986 $ 2,603 $ 677 $ 714 Change in fair value of plan assetsFair value at beginning of year$ 11,148 $ 15,904 $ 3,195 $ 4,624 $ 196 $ 299 Actual return on plan assets 1,121 (3,337) 267 (1,026) 21 (68) Employer contributions/funding 314 235 50 101 46 48 Participant contributions — — 2 2 — — Benefit payments (1,006) (412) (116) (127) (80) (81) Settlement (36) (1,117) (26) (5) — — Other, including foreign currency adjustment — (125) 156 (374) — (2) Fair value at end of year$ 11,541 $ 11,148 $ 3,528 $ 3,195 $ 183 $ 196 Funded status$ (494) $ (395) $ 542 $ 592 $ (494) $ (518) Amounts recognizedOther assets$ 313 $ 225 $ 727 $ 708 $ — $ — Other current liabilities (75) (56) (11) (7) (52) (54) Other liabilities (732) (564) (174) (109) (442) (464) Net amount recognized$ (494) $ (395) $ 542 $ 592 $ (494) $ (518) Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss (pre-tax)Net loss/(gain)$ 3,596 $ 3,337 $ 707 $ 571 $ (323) $ (320) Prior service cost/(credit) 18 (21) (8) (9) (19) (25) Total$ 3,614 $ 3,316 $ 699 $ 562 $ (342) $ (345) Changes recognized in net (gain)/loss included in other comprehensive lossNet loss/(gain) arising in current year$ 333 $ 254 $ 119 $ (40) $ (30) $ (114) Amortization and settlement recognition (74) (467) (23) (30) 27 14 Foreign currency translation loss/(gain) — — 40 (55) — — Total$ 259 $ (213) $ 136 $ (125) $ (3) $ (100) Accumulated benefit obligation at end of year$ 11,653 $ 11,104 $ 2,835 $ 2,483 The net loss arising in the current year is primarily attributable to the impact of lower discount rates, partially offset by an increase in the actual return on plan assets.93 The amount we report in operating profit as pension and retiree medical cost is service cost, which is the value of benefits earned by employees for working during the year.The amounts we report below operating profit as pension and retiree medical cost consist of the following components:•Interest cost is the accrued interest on the projected benefit obligation due to the passage of time. •Expected return on plan assets is the long-term return we expect to earn on plan investments for our funded plans that will be used to settle future benefit obligations.•Amortization of prior service cost/(credit) represents the recognition in the income statement of benefit changes resulting from plan amendments. •Amortization of net loss/(gain) represents the recognition in the income statement of changes in the amount of plan assets and the projected benefit obligation based on changes in assumptions and actual experience. •Settlement/curtailment loss/(gain) represents the result of actions that effectively eliminate all or a portion of related projected benefit obligations. Settlements are triggered when payouts to settle the projected benefit obligation of a plan due to lump sums or other events exceed the total of annual service and interest cost. Settlements are recognized when actions are irrevocable and we are relieved of the primary responsibility and risk for projected benefit obligations. Lump sum payouts are generally higher when interest rates are lower. Curtailments are recognized when events such as plant closures, the sale of a business, or plan changes result in a significant reduction of future service or benefits. Curtailment losses are recognized when an event is probable and estimable, while curtailment gains are recognized when an event has occurred (when the related employees terminate or an amendment is adopted).•Special termination benefits are the additional benefits offered to employees upon departure due to actions such as restructuring.The components of total pension and retiree medical benefit costs are as follows: PensionRetiree Medical U.S.International 202320222021202320222021202320222021Service cost$ 327 $ 487 $ 518 $ 43 $ 64 $ 104 $ 29 $ 37 $ 33 Other pension and retiree medical benefits (income)/expense:Interest cost$ 593 $ 434 $ 324 $ 141 $ 90 $ 74 $ 36 $ 19 $ 15 Expected return on plan assets (851) (912) (970) (192) (218) (231) (13) (16) (15) Amortization of prior service credits (26) (28) (31) (1) (1) (2) (6) (8) (11) Amortization of net losses/(gains) 70 149 224 13 29 77 (27) (14) (14) Settlement/curtailment losses/(gains) (a) 4 322 40 10 1 (11) — (16) — Special termination benefits (1) 37 9 — — — — — — Total other pension and retiree medical benefits (income)/expense$ (211) $ 2 $ (404) $ (29) $ (99) $ (93) $ (10) $ (35) $ (25) Total$ 116 $ 489 $ 114 $ 14 $ (35) $ 11 $ 19 $ 2 $ 8 (a)In 2022, U.S. includes a settlement charge of $318 million ($246 million after-tax or $0.18 per share) related to lump sum distributions exceeding the total of annual service and interest cost. 94 The following table provides the weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost and projected benefit obligation for our pension and retiree medical plans: PensionRetiree Medical U.S.International 202320222021202320222021202320222021Net Periodic Benefit CostService cost discount rate (a) 5.4 % 3.1 % 2.6 % 7.0 % 4.2 % 2.7 % 5.4 % 2.8 % 2.3 %Interest cost discount rate (a) 5.4 % 3.1 % 2.0 % 5.4 % 2.3 % 1.7 % 5.3 % 2.1 % 1.6 %Expected return on plan assets (a) 7.4 % 6.7 % 6.4 % 5.7 % 5.3 % 5.3 % 7.1 % 5.7 % 5.4 %Rate of salary increases 3.2 % 3.0 % 3.0 % 4.2 % 3.3 % 3.3 %Projected Benefit ObligationDiscount rate 5.1 % 5.4 % 2.9 % 5.1 % 5.3 % 2.4 % 5.1 % 5.4 % 2.7 %Rate of salary increases 3.9 % 3.2 % 3.0 % 4.3 % 4.2 % 3.3 %(a)2022 U.S. rates reflect remeasurement of a U.S. qualified defined benefit pension plan in the second quarter of 2022.The following table provides selected information about plans with accumulated benefit obligation and total projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets: PensionRetiree Medical U.S.International 202320222023202220232022Selected information for plans with accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assetsObligation for service to date$ (631) $ (584) $ (255) $ (158) Fair value of plan assets$ — $ — $ 190 $ 129 Selected information for plans with projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assetsBenefit obligation$ (8,223) $ (620) $ (375) $ (273) $ (677) $ (714) Fair value of plan assets$ 7,416 $ — $ 190 $ 157 $ 183 $ 196 Of the total projected pension benefit obligation as of December 30, 2023, approximately $678 million relates to plans that we do not fund because the funding of such plans does not receive favorable tax treatment.Future Benefit Payments Our estimated future benefit payments are as follows:202420252026202720282029 - 2033Pension$ 1,102 $ 925 $ 964 $ 996 $ 1,023 $ 5,403 Retiree medical (a)$ 81 $ 80 $ 76 $ 74 $ 70 $ 309 (a)Expected future benefit payments for our retiree medical plans do not reflect any estimated subsidies expected to be received under the 2003 Medicare Act. Subsidies are expected to be approximately $1 million for each of the years from 2024 through 2028 and approximately $2 million in total for 2029 through 2033.These future benefit payments to beneficiaries include payments from both funded and unfunded plans.95 FundingContributions to our pension and retiree medical plans were as follows:PensionRetiree Medical202320222021202320222021Discretionary (a)$ 267 $ 160 $ 525 $ — $ — $ — Non-discretionary 97 176 213 46 48 47 Total$ 364 $ 336 $ 738 $ 46 $ 48 $ 47 (a)Includes $250 million contribution in 2023, $150 million contribution in 2022 and $500 million contribution in 2021 to fund our U.S. qualified defined benefit plans.We made a discretionary contribution of $150 million to a U.S. qualified defined benefit plan in January 2024. In addition, in 2024, we expect to make non-discretionary contributions of approximately $99 million to our U.S. and international pension benefit plans and contributions of approximately $51 million for retiree medical benefits.We also regularly evaluate opportunities to reduce risk and volatility associated with our pension and retiree medical plans.Plan Assets Our pension plan investment strategy includes the use of actively managed accounts and is reviewed periodically in conjunction with plan obligations, an evaluation of market conditions, tolerance for risk and cash requirements for benefit payments. This strategy is also applicable to funds held for the retiree medical plans. Our investment objective includes ensuring that funds are available to meet the plans’ benefit obligations when they become due. Assets contributed to our pension plans are no longer controlled by us, but become the property of our individual pension plans. However, we are indirectly impacted by changes in these plan assets as compared to changes in our projected obligations. Our overall investment policy is to prudently invest plan assets in a well-diversified portfolio of equity and high-quality debt securities and real estate to achieve our long-term return expectations. Our investment policy also permits the use of derivative instruments, such as futures and forward contracts, to reduce interest rate and foreign currency risks. Futures contracts represent commitments to purchase or sell securities at a future date and at a specified price. Forward contracts consist of currency forwards.For 2024 and 2023, our expected long-term rate of return on U.S. plan assets is 7.4%. Our target investment allocations for U.S. plan assets are as follows:20242023Fixed income 55 % 56 %U.S. equity 22 % 22 %International equity 19 % 18 %Real estate 4 % 4 %Actual investment allocations may vary from our target investment allocations due to prevailing market conditions. We regularly review our actual investment allocations and periodically rebalance our investments.The expected return on plan assets is based on our investment strategy and our expectations for long-term rates of return by asset class, taking into account volatility and correlation among asset classes and our historical experience. We also review current levels of interest rates and inflation to assess the reasonableness of the long-term rates. We evaluate our expected return assumptions annually to ensure that they are reasonable. To calculate the expected return on plan assets, our market-related value of assets for fixed income is the actual fair value. For all other asset categories, such as equity securities, we use a 96 method that recognizes investment gains or losses (the difference between the expected and actual return
based on the market-related value of assets) over a five-year period. This has the effect of reducing year-
to-year volatility.
Plan assets measured at fair value as of year-end 2023 and 2022 are categorized consistently by Level 1
(quoted prices in active markets for identical assets), Level 2 (significant other observable inputs) and
Level 3 (significant unobservable inputs) in both years and are as follows:
U.S. plan assets (a)
Equity securities, including preferred stock (b)
Government securities (c)
Corporate bonds (c)
Mortgage-backed securities (c)
Contracts with insurance companies (d)
Cash and cash equivalents (e)
Sub-total U.S. plan assets
Real estate commingled funds measured at net asset value (f)
Dividends and interest receivable, net of payables
Total U.S. plan assets
International plan assets
Equity securities (b)
Government securities (c)
Corporate bonds (c)
Fixed income commingled funds (g)
Contracts with insurance companies (d)
Cash and cash equivalents
Sub-total international plan assets
Real estate commingled funds measured at net asset value (f)
Dividends and interest receivable
Total international plan assets
Fair Value
Hierarchy Level
2023
2022
1
2
2
2
3
1, 2
1
2
2
1
3
1
$
$
$
$
4,698 $
1,812
4,233
133
1
349
11,226
411
87
11,724 $
1,175 $
1,207
267
526
30
143
3,348
162
18
3,528 $
4,387
1,751
4,245
142
9
157
10,691
533
120
11,344
1,291
736
254
628
27
75
3,011
173
11
3,195
(a)
(b)
Includes $183 million and $196 million in 2023 and 2022, respectively, of retiree medical plan assets that are restricted for purposes of providing
health benefits for U.S. retirees and their beneficiaries.
Invested in U.S. and international common stock and commingled funds, and the preferred stock portfolio was invested in domestic and
international corporate preferred stock investments. The common and preferred stock investments are based on quoted prices in active markets.
The commingled funds are based on the published price of the fund and include one large-cap fund that represents 13% and 10% of total U.S.
plan assets for 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(c) These investments are based on quoted bid prices for comparable securities in the marketplace and broker/dealer quotes in active markets.
Corporate bonds of U.S.-based companies represents 31% and 32% of total U.S. plan assets for 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(d) Based on the fair value of the contracts as determined by the insurance companies using inputs that are not observable. The changes in Level 3
amounts were not significant in the years ended December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Includes Level 1 assets of $3 million for 2023 and Level 2 assets of $346 million and $157 million for 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(e)
(f) The real estate commingled funds include investments in limited partnerships. These funds are based on the net asset value of the appraised value
of investments owned by these funds as determined by independent third parties using inputs that are not observable. The majority of the funds
are redeemable quarterly subject to availability of cash and have notice periods ranging from 45 to 90 days.
(g) Based on the published price of the fund.
97
Retiree Medical Cost Trend Rates
The assumed health care cost trend rates are as follows:
Average increase assumed
Ultimate projected increase
Year of ultimate projected increase
2024
5 %
4 %
2046
2023
6 %
4 %
2046
Annually, we review external data and our historical experience to estimate assumed health care cost trend
rates that impact our retiree medical plan obligation and expense, however the cap on our share of retiree
medical costs limits the impact.
Savings Plan
Certain U.S. employees are eligible to participate in a 401(k) savings plan, which is a voluntary defined
contribution plan. The plan is designed to help employees accumulate savings for retirement and we make
Company matching contributions for certain employees on a portion of employee contributions based on
years of service.
Certain U.S. employees, who are either not eligible to participate in a defined benefit pension plan or
whose benefit is capped, are also eligible to receive an employer contribution based on either years of
service or age and years of service regardless of employee contribution.
In 2023, 2022 and 2021, our total Company contributions were $356 million, $283 million and $246
million, respectively.
Note 8 — Debt Obligations
The following table summarizes our debt obligations:
Short-term debt obligations (b)
Current maturities of long-term debt
Commercial paper (5.5%)
Other borrowings (7.8% and 15.0%)
Long-term debt obligations (b)
Notes due 2023 (1.7%)
Notes due 2024 (3.0% and 2.2%)
Notes due 2025 (3.2% and 2.7%)
Notes due 2026 (3.7% and 3.1%)
Notes due 2027 (2.4% and 2.5%)
Notes due 2028 (2.1% and 1.5%)
Notes due 2029-2060 (3.0% and 2.9%)
Other, due 2023-2033 (3.6% and 1.3%)
2023(a)
2022(a)
$
$
3,924 $
2,286
300
6,510 $
3,096
—
318
3,414
$
— $
3,094
2,867
3,193
2,396
2,523
2,606
22,046
28
38,753
3,096
$ 37,595 $ 35,657
3,919
3,994
3,961
2,544
3,323
23,725
53
41,519
3,924
Less: current maturities of long-term debt obligations
Total
(a) Amounts are shown net of unamortized net discounts of $225 million and $227 million for 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(b) The interest rates presented reflect weighted-average effective interest rates at year-end. See Note 9 for further information regarding our
interest rate derivative instruments.
98
As of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, our international debt of $279 million and
$304 million, respectively, was related to borrowings from external parties, including various lines of
credit. These lines of credit are subject to normal banking terms and conditions and are fully committed at
least to the extent of our borrowings.
In 2023, we issued the following senior notes:
Interest Rate
Maturity Date
Principal Amount(a)
Floating Rate
4.550 %
4.450 %
4.450 %
4.650 %
Floating Rate
5.250 %
5.125 %
February 2026 $
February 2026 $
May 2028 $
February 2033 $
February 2053 $
November 2024 $
November 2025 $
November 2026 $
350
500
650
1,000
500
1,000
800
700
(a) Excludes debt issuance costs, discounts and premiums.
The net proceeds from the issuances of the above notes will be used for general corporate purposes,
including the repayment of commercial paper.
In 2023, we entered into a new five-year unsecured revolving credit agreement (Five-Year Credit
Agreement), which expires on May 26, 2028. The Five-Year Credit Agreement enables us and our
borrowing subsidiaries to borrow up to $4.2 billion in U.S. dollars and/or euros, including a $0.75 billion
swing line subfacility for euro-denominated borrowings permitted to be borrowed on a same-day basis,
subject to customary terms and conditions. We may request that commitments under this agreement be
increased up to $4.95 billion (or the equivalent amount in euros). Additionally, we may, once a year,
request renewal of the agreement for an additional one-year period. The Five-Year Credit Agreement
replaced our $3.8 billion five-year credit agreement, dated as of May 27, 2022.
Also in 2023, we entered into a new 364-day unsecured revolving credit agreement (364-Day Credit
Agreement), which expires on May 24, 2024. The 364-Day Credit Agreement enables us and our
borrowing subsidiaries to borrow up to $4.2 billion in U.S. dollars and/or euros, subject to customary
terms and conditions. We may request that commitments under this agreement be increased up to
$4.95 billion (or the equivalent amount in euros). We may request renewal of this facility for an additional
364-day period or convert any amounts outstanding into a term loan for a period of up to one year, which
term loan would mature no later than the anniversary of the then effective termination date. The 364-Day
Credit Agreement replaced our $3.8 billion 364-day credit agreement, dated as of May 27, 2022.
Funds borrowed under the Five-Year Credit Agreement and the 364-Day Credit Agreement may be used
for general corporate purposes. Subject to certain conditions, we may borrow, prepay and reborrow
amounts under these agreements. As of December 30, 2023, there were no outstanding borrowings under
the Five-Year Credit Agreement or the 364-Day Credit Agreement.
In 2023, we discharged via legal defeasance $94 million outstanding principal amount of certain notes
originally issued by our subsidiary, The Quaker Oats Company, following the deposit of $102 million of
U.S. government securities with the Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee, in the fourth quarter of 2022.
In 2022, we paid $750 million to redeem all $750 million outstanding principal amount of our 2.25%
senior notes due May 2022, we paid $800 million to redeem all $800 million outstanding principal amount
of our 3.10% senior notes due July 2022 and we paid $154 million to redeem all $133 million outstanding
99
principal amount of our subsidiary, Pepsi-Cola Metropolitan Bottling Company, Inc.’s 7.00% senior notes due March 2029 and 5.50% notes due May 2035.In 2021, we completed cash tender offers to redeem $4.1 billion principal amount of certain notes, with maturity dates ranging from May 2035 to March 2060 and interest rates ranging from 3.375% to 5.500%, for $4.8 billion in cash. As a result of the cash tender offers, we recorded a pre-tax charge of $842 million ($677 million after-tax or $0.49 per share) to net interest expense and other, primarily representing the tender price paid over the carrying value of the tendered notes and loss on treasury rate locks used to mitigate the interest rate risk on the cash tender offers. Also in 2021, we paid $750 million to redeem all $750 million outstanding principal amount of our 1.70% senior notes due 2021 and terminated the associated interest rate swap with a notional amount of $250 million.Note 9 — Financial InstrumentsDerivatives and HedgingWe are exposed to market risks arising from adverse changes in:•commodity prices, affecting the cost of our raw materials and energy;•foreign exchange rates and currency restrictions; and•interest rates.In the normal course of business, we manage commodity price, foreign exchange and interest rate risks through a variety of strategies, including productivity initiatives, global purchasing programs and hedging. Ongoing productivity initiatives involve the identification and effective implementation of meaningful cost-saving opportunities or efficiencies, including the use of derivatives. We do not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. Our global purchasing programs include fixed-price contracts and purchase orders and pricing agreements. Our hedging strategies include the use of derivatives and, in the case of our net investment hedges, debt instruments. Certain derivatives are designated as either cash flow or fair value hedges and qualify for hedge accounting treatment, while others do not qualify and are marked to market through earnings. The accounting for qualifying hedges allows changes in a hedging instrument’s fair value to offset corresponding changes in the hedged item in the same reporting period that the hedged item impacts earnings. Gains or losses on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss within common shareholders’ equity and reclassified to our income statement when the hedged transaction affects earnings. If it becomes probable that the hedged transaction will not occur, we immediately recognize the related hedging gains or losses in earnings; there were no such gains or losses reclassified during the year ended December 30, 2023. Cash flows from derivatives used to manage commodity price, foreign exchange or interest rate risks are classified as operating activities in the cash flow statement. We classify both the earnings and cash flow impact from these derivatives consistent with the underlying hedged item.Credit RiskWe perform assessments of our counterparty credit risk regularly, including reviewing netting agreements, if any, and a review of credit ratings, credit default swap rates and potential nonperformance of the counterparty. Based on our most recent assessment of our counterparty credit risk, we consider this risk to be low. In addition, we enter into derivative contracts with a variety of financial institutions that we believe are creditworthy in order to reduce our concentration of credit risk.100 Certain of our agreements with our counterparties require us to post full collateral on derivative instruments in a net liability position if our credit rating is at A2 (Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.) or A (S&P Global Ratings) and we have been placed on credit watch for possible downgrade or if our credit rating falls below either of these levels. The fair value of all derivative instruments with credit-risk-related contingent features that were in a net liability position as of December 30, 2023 was $144 million. We have posted no collateral under these contracts and no credit-risk-related contingent features were triggered as of December 30, 2023.Commodity PricesWe are subject to commodity price risk because our ability to recover increased costs through higher pricing may be limited in the competitive environment in which we operate. This risk is managed through the use of fixed-price contracts and purchase orders, pricing agreements and derivative instruments, which primarily include swaps and futures. In addition, risk to our supply of certain raw materials is mitigated through purchases from multiple geographies and suppliers. We use derivatives, with terms of no more than three years, to hedge price fluctuations related to a portion of our anticipated commodity purchases, primarily for agricultural products, energy and metals. Derivatives used to hedge commodity price risk that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment are marked to market each period with the resulting gains and losses recorded in corporate unallocated expenses as either cost of sales or selling, general and administrative expenses, depending on the underlying commodity. These gains and losses are subsequently reflected in division results when the divisions recognize the cost of the underlying commodity in operating profit.Our commodity derivatives had a total notional value of $1.7 billion as of December 30, 2023 and $1.8 billion as of December 31, 2022. Foreign ExchangeWe are exposed to foreign exchange risks in the international markets in which our products are made, manufactured, distributed or sold. Additionally, we are exposed to foreign exchange risk from net investments in foreign subsidiaries, foreign currency purchases and foreign currency assets and liabilities created in the normal course of business. We manage this risk through sourcing purchases from local suppliers, negotiating contracts in local currencies with foreign suppliers and through the use of derivatives, primarily forward contracts with terms of no more than two years. Exchange rate gains or losses related to foreign currency transactions are recognized as transaction gains or losses on our income statement as incurred. We also use net investment hedges to partially offset the effects of foreign currency on our investments in certain of our foreign subsidiaries.Our foreign currency derivatives had a total notional value of $3.8 billion as of December 30, 2023 and $3.0 billion as of December 31, 2022. The total notional amount of our debt instruments designated as net investment hedges was $3.0 billion as of December 30, 2023 and $2.9 billion as of December 31, 2022. For foreign currency derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, gains and losses were offset by changes in the underlying hedged items, resulting in no material net impact on earnings.Interest RatesWe centrally manage our debt and investment portfolios considering investment opportunities and risks, tax consequences and overall financing strategies. We use various interest rate derivative instruments including, but not limited to, interest rate swaps, cross-currency interest rate swaps, Treasury locks and swap locks to manage our overall interest expense and foreign exchange risk. These instruments effectively change the interest rate and currency of specific debt issuances. The notional amount, interest payment and maturity date of our cross-currency interest rate swaps match the principal, interest payment and maturity date of the related debt. Our cross-currency interest rate swaps have terms of no more than 101 twelve years. Our Treasury locks and swap locks are entered into to protect against unfavorable interest rate changes relating to forecasted debt transactions.Our interest rate derivatives had a total notional value of $1.3 billion as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. As of December 30, 2023, approximately 9% of total debt was subject to variable rates, compared to approximately 1%, after the impact of the related interest rate derivative instruments, as of December 31, 2022.Debt SecuritiesHeld-to-MaturityInvestments in debt securities that we have the positive intent and ability to hold until maturity are classified as held-to-maturity. Highly liquid debt securities with original maturities of three months or less are recorded as cash equivalents. Our held-to-maturity debt securities consist of commercial paper. As of December 30, 2023, we had $309 million of investments in commercial paper recorded in cash and cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2022, we had no investments in held-to-maturity debt securities. Held-to-maturity debt securities are recorded at amortized cost, which approximates fair value, and realized gains or losses are reported in earnings. As of December 30, 2023, gross unrecognized gains and losses and the allowance for expected credit losses were not material.Available-for-SaleInvestments in available-for-sale debt securities are reported at fair value. Changes in the fair value of available-for-sale debt securities are generally recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss within common shareholders’ equity. Changes in the fair value of available-for-sale debt securities impact earnings only when such securities are sold, or an allowance for expected credit losses or impairment is recognized. We regularly evaluate our investment portfolio for expected credit losses and impairment. In making this judgment, we evaluate, among other things, the extent to which the fair value of a debt security is less than its amortized cost; the financial condition of the issuer, including the credit quality, and any changes thereto; and our intent to sell, or whether we will more likely than not be required to sell, the debt security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Our assessment of whether a debt security has a credit loss or is impaired could change in the future due to new developments or changes in assumptions related to any particular debt security.In 2022, we entered into an agreement with Celsius to distribute Celsius energy drinks in the United States (see Note 4 for further information) and invested $550 million in Series A convertible preferred shares issued by Celsius, which included certain conversion and redemption features. The preferred shares automatically convert into Celsius common shares after six years if certain market-based conditions are met, or can be redeemed after seven years. Shares underlying the transaction were priced at $75 per share, and the preferred shares are entitled to a 5% annual dividend, payable either in cash or in-kind. Given our redemption right, we classified our investment in the convertible preferred stock as an available-for-sale debt security. As of December 31, 2022, the fair value of this investment was classified as Level 2, based primarily on the transaction price. There were no unrealized gains and losses on our investment in the year ended December 31, 2022. In the year ended December 30, 2023, we transferred $558 million from Level 2 to Level 3 as unobservable inputs to the fair value became more significant and subsequently recorded an unrealized gain of $612 million in other comprehensive income and a decrease in the investment of $14 million due to cash dividends received. There were no impairment charges related to our investment in the years ended December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.102 TBG InvestmentIn the first quarter of 2022, we sold our Tropicana, Naked and other select juice brands to PAI Partners, while retaining a 39% noncontrolling interest in TBG, operating across North America and Europe. We have significant influence over our investment in TBG and account for our investment under the equity method, recognizing our proportionate share of TBG’s earnings on our income statement (recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses). See Note 13 for further information.In 2023, we recorded our proportionate share of TBG’s earnings, which includes an impairment of TBG’s indefinite-lived intangible assets, and recorded an other-than-temporary impairment of our investment, both of which resulted in pre-tax impairment charges of $321 million ($243 million after-tax or $0.18 per share), recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses in our PBNA division. We estimated the fair value of our ownership in TBG using discounted cash flows and an option pricing model related to our liquidation preference in TBG, which we categorized as Level 3 (significant unobservable inputs) in the fair value hierarchy.Recurring Fair Value MeasurementsThe fair values of our financial assets and liabilities as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 are categorized as follows: 20232022 Fair Value Hierarchy Levels(a)Assets(a)Liabilities(a)Assets(a)Liabilities(a)Available-for-sale debt securities (b)2, 3$ 1,334 $ — $ 660 $ — Index funds (c)1$ 292 $ — $ 257 $ — Prepaid forward contracts (d)2$ 13 $ — $ 14 $ — Deferred compensation (e)2$ — $ 477 $ — $ 434 Derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments:Foreign exchange (f)2$ 3 $ 31 $ 24 $ 22 Interest rate (f)2 5 135 — 164 Commodity (g)2 10 24 2 60 $ 18 $ 190 $ 26 $ 246 Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:Foreign exchange (f)2$ 33 $ 38 $ 21 $ 21 Commodity (g)2 5 13 11 51 $ 38 $ 51 $ 32 $ 72 Total derivatives at fair value (h)$ 56 $ 241 $ 58 $ 318 Total$ 1,695 $ 718 $ 989 $ 752 (a)Fair value hierarchy levels are defined in Note 7. Unless otherwise noted, financial assets are classified on our balance sheet within prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets. Financial liabilities are classified on our balance sheet within accounts payable and other current liabilities and other liabilities.103 (b)Includes Level 2 assets of $178 million and Level 3 assets of $1,156 million as of December 30, 2023, and Level 2 assets of $660 million as of December 31, 2022. As of December 30, 2023, $1,334 million was classified as other assets. As of December 31, 2022, $3 million, $104 million and $553 million were classified as cash equivalents, short-term investments and other assets, respectively. The fair values of these Level 2 investments approximate the transaction price and any accrued dividends, as well as the amortized cost. The fair value of our Level 3 investment in Celsius is estimated using probability-weighted discounted future cash flows based on a Monte Carlo simulation using significant unobservable inputs such as an 80% probability that a certain market-based condition will be met and an average estimated discount rate of 8.1% based on Celsius’ estimated synthetic credit rating. An increase in the probability that certain market-based conditions will be met or a decrease in the discount rate would result in a higher fair value measurement, while a decrease in the probability that certain market-based conditions will be met or an increase in the discount rate would result in a lower fair value measurement.(c)Based on the price of index funds. These investments are classified as short-term investments and are used to manage a portion of market risk arising from our deferred compensation liability. (d)Based primarily on the price of our common stock. (e)Based on the fair value of investments corresponding to employees’ investment elections.(f)Based on recently reported market transactions of spot and forward rates. (g)Primarily based on recently reported market transactions of swap arrangements. (h)Derivative assets and liabilities are presented on a gross basis on our balance sheet. Amounts subject to enforceable master netting arrangements or similar agreements which are not offset on our balance sheet as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were not material. Collateral received or posted against our asset or liability positions was not material. Exchange-traded commodity futures are cash-settled on a daily basis and, therefore, not included in the table.The carrying amounts of our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments recorded at amortized cost approximate fair value (classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy) due to their short-term maturity. The fair value of our debt obligations as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $41 billion and $35 billion, respectively, based upon prices of identical or similar instruments in the marketplace, which are considered Level 2 inputs.Losses/(gains) on our cash flow and net investment hedges are categorized as follows: Losses/(Gains)Recognized inAccumulated OtherComprehensive LossLosses/(Gains)Reclassified fromAccumulated OtherComprehensive Lossinto IncomeStatement(a)2023202220232022Foreign exchange $ 93 $ (3) $ 61 $ (21) Interest (34) 138 (31) 159 Commodity 149 (57) 125 (267) Net investment 122 (120) — — Total$ 330 $ (42) $ 155 $ (129) (a)Foreign exchange derivative losses/gains are included in net revenue and cost of sales. Interest rate derivative losses/gains on cross-currency interest rate swaps are included in selling, general and administrative expenses. Commodity derivative losses/gains are included in either cost of sales or selling, general and administrative expenses, depending on the underlying commodity. See Note 11 for further information.104 Based on current market conditions, we expect to reclassify net losses of $112 million related to our cash flow hedges from accumulated other comprehensive loss within common shareholders’ equity into net income during the next 12 months.Losses/(gains) recognized in the income statement related to our non-designated hedges are categorized as follows:20232022Cost of SalesSelling, general and administrative expensesTotalCost of SalesSelling, general and administrative expensesTotalForeign exchange$ (1) $ 41 $ 40 $ — $ (58) $ (58) Commodity 39 33 72 (8) (171) (179) Total$ 38 $ 74 $ 112 $ (8) $ (229) $ (237) Note 10 — Net Income Attributable to PepsiCo per Common ShareThe computations of basic and diluted net income attributable to PepsiCo per common share are as follows: 202320222021 IncomeShares(a)IncomeShares(a)IncomeShares(a)Basic net income attributable to PepsiCo per common share$ 6.59 $ 6.45 $ 5.51 Net income available for PepsiCo common shareholders$ 9,074 1,376 $ 8,910 1,380 $ 7,618 1,382 Dilutive securities:Stock options, RSUs, PSUs and other (b) — 7 — 7 — 7 Diluted$ 9,074 1,383 $ 8,910 1,387 $ 7,618 1,389 Diluted net income attributable to PepsiCo per common share$ 6.56 $ 6.42 $ 5.49 (a)Weighted-average common shares outstanding (in millions). (b)The dilutive effect of these securities is calculated using the treasury stock method.The weighted-average amount of antidilutive securities excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per common share was 3 million for the year ended December 30, 2023 and immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 25, 2021. 105 Note 11 — Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Attributable to PepsiCoThe changes in the balances of each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss attributable to PepsiCo are as follows:Currency Translation AdjustmentCash Flow HedgesPension and Retiree MedicalAvailable-for-sale debt securities and other(a)Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Attributable to PepsiCoBalance as of December 26, 2020 (b)$ (11,940) $ 4 $ (3,520) $ (20) $ (15,476) Other comprehensive (loss)/income before reclassifications (c) (340) 248 702 22 632 Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss 18 (48) 299 — 269 Net other comprehensive (loss)/income (322) 200 1,001 22 901 Tax amounts (47) (45) (231) — (323) Balance as of December 25, 2021 (b) (12,309) 159 (2,750) 2 (14,898) Other comprehensive (loss)/income before reclassifications (d) (603) (78) 48 8 (625) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss — (129) 440 — 311 Net other comprehensive (loss)/income (603) (207) 488 8 (314) Tax amounts (36) 49 (99) (4) (90) Balance as of December 31, 2022 (b) (12,948) 1 (2,361) 6 (15,302) Other comprehensive (loss)/income before reclassifications (e) (442) (188) (493) 608 (515) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss 108 146 37 — 291 Net other comprehensive (loss)/income (334) Ye (42) (456) 608 (224) Tax amounts 27 10 98 (143) (8) Balance as of December 30, 2023 (b)$ (13,255) $ (31) $ (2,719) $ 471 $ (15,534) (a)The changes primarily represent fair value increases in available-for-sale debt securities, including our investment in Celsius convertible preferred stock in 2023. See Note 9 for further information. (b)Pension and retiree medical amounts are net of taxes of $1,514 million as of December 26, 2020, $1,283 million as of December 25, 2021, $1,184 million as of December 31, 2022 and $1,282 million as of December 30, 2023.(c)Currency translation adjustment primarily reflects depreciation of the Turkish lira, Swiss franc and Mexican peso.(d)Currency translation adjustment primarily reflects depreciation of the Egyptian pound and British pound sterling.(e)Currency translation adjustment primarily reflects depreciation of the Russian ruble and South African rand, partially offset by the appreciation of the Mexican peso.106 The following table summarizes the reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss to the income statement:Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive LossAffected Line Item in the Income Statement202320222021Currency translation:Divestitures$ 108 $ — $ 18 Selling, general and administrative expensesCash flow hedges:Foreign exchange contracts$ (3) $ (11) $ 6 Net revenueForeign exchange contracts 64 (10) 76 Cost of salesInterest rate derivatives (40) 159 64 Selling, general and administrative expensesCommodity contracts 126 (252) (190) Cost of salesCommodity contracts (1) (15) (4) Selling, general and administrative expensesNet losses/(gains) before tax 146 (129) (48) Tax amounts (39) 23 11 Net losses/(gains) after tax$ 107 $ (106) $ (37) Pension and retiree medical items:Amortization of net prior service credit$ (33) $ (37) $ (44) Other pension and retiree medical benefits incomeAmortization of net losses 56 164 289 Other pension and retiree medical benefits incomeSettlement/curtailment losses 14 313 54 Other pension and retiree medical benefits incomeNet losses before tax 37 440 299 Tax amounts (7) (80) (65) Net losses after tax$ 30 $ 360 $ 234 Total net losses reclassified for the year, net of tax$ 245 $ 254 $ 215 Note 12 — LeasesLesseeWe determine whether an arrangement is a lease at inception. We have operating leases for plants, warehouses, distribution centers, storage facilities, offices and other facilities, as well as machinery and equipment, including fleet. Our leases generally have remaining lease terms of up to 20 years, some of which include options to extend the lease term for up to five years and some of which include options to terminate the lease within one year. We consider these options in determining the lease term used to establish our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments.We have lease agreements that contain both lease and non-lease components. For real estate leases, we account for lease components together with non-lease components (e.g., common-area maintenance).107 Components of lease cost are as follows:202320222021Operating lease cost (a)$ 666 $ 585 $ 563 Variable lease cost (b)$ 146 $ 115 $ 112 Short-term lease cost (c)$ 582 $ 510 $ 469 (a)Includes right-of-use asset amortization of $570 million, $517 million, and $505 million in 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. (b)Primarily related to adjustments for inflation, common-area maintenance and property tax. (c)Not recorded on our balance sheet.In 2023, 2022 and 2021, we recognized gains of $52 million, $175 million and $42 million, respectively, on sale-leaseback transactions with terms under five years.Supplemental cash flow information and non-cash activity related to our operating leases are as follows:202320222021Operating cash flow information:Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities$ 655 $ 573 $ 567 Non-cash activity:Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations$ 1,088 $ 871 $ 934 Supplemental balance sheet information related to our operating leases is as follows:Balance Sheet Classification20232022Right-of-use assetsOther assets$ 2,905 $ 2,373 Current lease liabilitiesAccounts payable and other current liabilities$ 556 $ 483 Non-current lease liabilitiesOther liabilities$ 2,400 $ 1,933 Weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate for our operating leases are as follows:202320222021Weighted-average remaining lease term7 years7 years7 yearsWeighted-average discount rate 4 % 3 % 3 %Maturities of lease liabilities by year for our operating leases are as follows:2024$ 663 2025 569 2026 493 2027 406 2028 328 2029 and beyond 972 Total lease payments 3,431 Less: Imputed interest 475 Present value of lease liabilities$ 2,956 Finance leases were not material as of December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and December 25, 2021.LessorWe have various arrangements for certain foodservice and vending equipment under which we are the lessor. These leases meet the criteria for operating lease classification. Lease income associated with these leases is not material.108 Note 13 — Acquisitions and DivestituresJuice TransactionIn the first quarter of 2022, we sold our Tropicana, Naked and other select juice brands to PAI Partners for approximately $3.5 billion in cash, subject to purchase price adjustments, and a 39% noncontrolling interest in TBG, operating across North America and Europe. The North America portion of the transaction was completed on January 24, 2022 and the Europe portion of the transaction was completed on February 1, 2022. In the United States, PepsiCo acts as the exclusive distributor for TBG’s portfolio of brands for small-format and foodservice customers with chilled DSD. We have significant influence over our investment in TBG and account for our investment under the equity method, recognizing our proportionate share of TBG’s earnings on our income statement (recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses). As a result of this transaction, in the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded a gain in our PBNA and Europe divisions (see detailed income statement activity below), including $520 million related to the remeasurement of our 39% ownership in TBG at fair value using a combination of the transaction price, discounted cash flows and an option pricing model related to our liquidation preference in TBG. In the fourth quarter of 2022, we reached an agreement on final purchase price adjustments for net working capital and net debt amounts as of the transaction close date compared to targeted amounts set forth in the purchase agreement.A summary of income statement activity related to the Juice Transaction for the year ended December 31, 2022 is as follows:PBNAEuropeCorporateTotal PepsiCoProvision for income taxes(a)Net income attributable to PepsiCoImpact on net income attributable to PepsiCo per common shareGain associated with the Juice Transaction$ (3,029) $ (292) $ — $ (3,321) $ 433 $ (2,888) $ 2.08 Acquisition and divestiture-related charges 51 14 6 71 (13) 58 (0.04) Operating profit$ (2,978) $ (278) $ 6 (3,250) 420 (2,830) 2.04 Other pension and retiree medical benefits income (b) (10) 3 (7) 0.01 Total Juice Transaction$ (3,260) $ 423 $ (2,837) $ 2.04 (c)(a)Includes $186 million of deferred tax expense related to the recognition of our investment in TBG.(b)Includes $16 million curtailment gain, partially offset by $6 million special termination benefits.(c)Does not sum due to rounding.In connection with the sale, we entered into a transition services agreement with PAI Partners, under which we provide certain services to TBG to help facilitate an orderly transition of the business following the sale. In return for these services, TBG is required to pay certain agreed upon fees to reimburse us for our costs without markup.The Juice Transaction did not meet the criteria to be classified as discontinued operations. As of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no amounts classified as held for sale. In the year ended December 30, 2023, we recognized impairment charges related to our TBG investment. See Notes 1 and 9 for further information. 109 Acquisition and Divestiture-Related Charges
Acquisition and divestiture-related charges primarily include merger and integration charges and costs
associated with divestitures. Merger and integration charges include liabilities to support socioeconomic
programs in South Africa, gains associated with contingent consideration, employee-related costs, contract
termination costs, closing costs and other integration costs. Divestiture-related charges reflect transaction
expenses, including consulting, advisory and other professional fees.
A summary of our acquisition and divestiture-related charges is as follows:
FLNA
PBNA
Europe (a)
AMESA
APAC
Corporate (b)
Total (c)
Other pension and retiree medical benefits expense
Total acquisition and divestiture-related charges
After-tax amount (d)
Impact on net income attributable to PepsiCo per common share
2023
— $
16
(2)
2
—
25
41
—
41 $
23 $
(0.02) $
2022
— $
51
14
3
—
6
74
6
80 $
66 $
(0.05) $
$
$
$
$
2021
2
11
8
10
4
(39)
(4)
—
(4)
(27)
0.02
(a)
(b)
Income amount represents adjustments for changes in estimates of previously recorded amounts.
Income amount primarily relates to the acceleration payment made in the fourth quarter of 2021 under the contingent consideration
arrangement associated with our acquisition of Rockstar, which is partially offset by divestiture-related charges associated with the Juice
Transaction.
(c) Primarily recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses.
(d) The amount in 2021 includes a tax benefit related to contributions to socioeconomic programs in South Africa.
Note 14 — Supply Chain Financing Arrangements
As part of our evolving market practices, we work with our suppliers to optimize our terms and
conditions, which include the extension of payment terms. Our current payment terms with a majority of
our suppliers generally range from 60 to 90 days, which we deem to be commercially reasonable. We will
continue to monitor economic conditions and market practice working with our suppliers to adjust as
necessary. We also maintain voluntary supply chain finance agreements with several participating global
financial institutions. Under these agreements, our suppliers, at their sole discretion, may elect to sell their
accounts receivable with PepsiCo to these participating global financial institutions. Supplier participation
in these financing arrangements is voluntary. Our suppliers negotiate their financing agreements directly
with the respective global financial institutions and we are not a party to these agreements. These
financing arrangements allow participating suppliers to leverage PepsiCo’s creditworthiness in
establishing credit spreads and associated costs, which generally provides our suppliers with more
favorable terms than they would be able to secure on their own. Neither PepsiCo nor any of its
subsidiaries provide any guarantees to any third party in connection with these financing arrangements.
We have no economic interest in our suppliers’ decision to participate in these agreements. Our
obligations to our suppliers, including amounts due and scheduled payment terms, are not impacted. All
outstanding amounts related to suppliers participating in such financing arrangements are recorded within
accounts payable and other current liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet. As of both December 30,
2023 and December 31, 2022, $1.7 billion of our accounts payable are to suppliers participating in these
financing arrangements.
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Note 15 — Supplemental Financial Information
Balance Sheet
Accounts and notes receivable (a)
Trade receivables
Other receivables
Total
Allowance, beginning of year
Net amounts charged to expense (b)
Deductions (c)
Other (d)
Allowance, end of year
Accounts and notes receivable, net
Property, plant and equipment, net
Land
Buildings and improvements
Machinery and equipment, including fleet and software
Construction in progress
Average
Useful Life
(Years)
15 - 44
5 - 15
Accumulated depreciation
Property, plant and equipment, net (e)
Depreciation expense
Other assets
Noncurrent notes and accounts receivable
Deferred marketplace spending
Pension plans (f)
Right-of-use assets (g)
Other investments (h)
Other
Total
Accounts payable and other current liabilities
Accounts payable (i)
Accrued marketplace spending
Accrued compensation and benefits
Dividends payable
Current lease liabilities (g)
Other current liabilities (j)
Total
2023
2022
2021
$
$
8,675 $
2,315
10,990
150
55
(26)
(4)
175
10,815 $
8,192
2,121
10,313
147 $
21
(12)
(6)
150 $
10,163
201
(19)
(25)
(10)
147
$
1,159 $
11,579
36,006
5,695
54,439
(27,400)
27,039 $
2,714 $
200 $
103
1,057
2,905
1,616
780
6,661 $
11,635 $
3,523
2,687
1,767
556
4,969
25,137 $
$
$
$
$
$
$
1,142
10,816
33,335
4,491
49,784
(25,493)
24,291
2,523 $
2,484
202
123
948
2,373
813
833
5,292
10,732
3,637
2,519
1,610
483
4,390
23,371
Increase primarily reflects strong revenue performance across much of our portfolio in 2023.
Includes accounts written off.
Includes adjustments related primarily to currency translation and other adjustments.
(a)
(b) 2021 includes reductions in allowance for expected credit losses related to COVID-19 pandemic recorded in 2020.
(c)
(d)
(e) Change is driven by increase in capital spending, partially offset by depreciation.
(f) See Note 7 for further information.
(g) See Note 12 for further information.
(h)
Increase in 2023 primarily reflects unrealized pre-tax gains on our investment in Celsius convertible preferred stock. See Note 9 for
further information.
Increase reflects higher capital expenditures and commodity costs in 2023.
Increase primarily reflects change in income tax provision. See Note 5 for further information.
(i)
(j)
111
Statement of Cash Flows
2023
2022
2021
Interest paid (a)
Income taxes paid, net of refunds (b)
(a) 2022 excludes the premiums paid in accordance with the debt transactions. 2021 excludes the charge related to cash tender offers. See
1,401 $
2,766 $
1,043 $
2,532 $
1,184
1,933
$
$
Note 8 for further information.
In each of 2023, 2022 and 2021, includes tax payments of $309 million related to the TCJ Act.
(b)
Supplemental Non-Cash Activity
Debt discharged via legal defeasance
2023
2022
2021
$
94 $
— $
—
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash as reported
within the balance sheet to the same items as reported in the cash flow statement:
Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash included in other assets (a)
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash
(a) Primarily relates to collateral posted against certain of our derivative positions.
2023
9,711 $
50
9,761 $
2022
4,954
146
5,100
$
$
112
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors
PepsiCo, Inc.:
Opinions on the Consolidated Financial Statements and Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheet of PepsiCo, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the
Company) as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the related Consolidated Statements of
Income, Comprehensive Income, Cash Flows, and Equity for each of the fiscal years in the three-year
period ended December 30, 2023, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial
statements). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of
December 30, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013)
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material
respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and the
results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the fiscal years in the three-year period ended
December 30, 2023, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our
opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial
reporting as of December 30, 2023 based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated
Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
Basis for Opinions
The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining
effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal
control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal
Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s
consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to
the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations
of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we
plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial
statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal
control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of
material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and
performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis,
evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also
included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well
as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control
over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting,
assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating
effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other
procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinions.
113
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for
external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal
control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the
assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles,
and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations
of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention
or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have
a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk
that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the
consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit
committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial
statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The
communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial
statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing
separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Sales incentive accruals
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company offers sales incentives
and discounts through various programs to customers and consumers. A number of the sales
incentives are based on annual targets, resulting in the need to accrue for the expected liability.
These incentives are accrued for in the “Accounts payable and other current liabilities” line on the
balance sheet. These accruals are based on sales incentive agreements, expectations regarding
customer and consumer participation and performance levels, and historical experience and trends.
We identified the evaluation of certain of the Company’s sales incentive accruals as a critical audit
matter. Subjective and complex auditor judgment is required in evaluating these sales incentive
accruals as a result of the timing difference between when the product is delivered and when the
incentive is settled. This specifically related to (1) forecasted customer and consumer participation
and performance level assumptions underlying the accrual, and (2) the impact of historical
experience and trends.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We
evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the
sales incentive process, including controls related to (1) the accrual methodology, (2) assumptions
around forecasted customer and consumer participation, (3) performance levels, and (4) monitoring
of actual sales incentives incurred compared to estimated sales incentives in respect of historical
periods. To evaluate the timing and amount of certain accrued sales incentives we (1) analyzed the
accrual by sales incentive type as compared to historical trends to identify specific sales incentives
that may require additional testing, (2) recalculated expenses and closing accruals on a sample basis,
114
based on volumes sold and terms of the sales incentives, (3) assessed the Company’s ability to
accurately estimate its sales incentive accrual by comparing previously established accruals to actual
settlements, and (4) tested a sample of settlements or claims that occurred after period end, and
compared them to the recorded sales incentive accrual.
Carrying value of certain reacquired and acquired franchise rights and SodaStream goodwill
As discussed in Notes 2 and 4 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company performs
impairment testing of its goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets on an annual basis
during the third quarter of each fiscal year or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances
indicate that it is more likely than not that an impairment exists. The carrying value of other
indefinite-lived intangible assets as of December 30, 2023 was $13.7 billion, which represents 13.7%
of total assets, and includes certain PepsiCo Beverages North America’s (PBNA) reacquired and
acquired franchise rights, which had a carrying value of $8.7 billion as of December 30, 2023. The
carrying value of goodwill as of December 30, 2023 was $17.7 billion, which represents 17.6% of
total assets, and includes goodwill related to the SodaStream reporting unit in Europe.
We identified the assessment of the carrying value of PBNA’s reacquired and acquired franchise
rights and SodaStream goodwill in Europe as a critical audit matter. The impairment analysis of
these indefinite-lived intangible assets required significant auditor judgment to evaluate the
Company’s forecasted revenue and profitability levels, including the expected long-term growth
rates and the selection of the discount rates to be applied to the projected cash flows. Significant
auditor judgment was necessary to assess the subjective and uncertain impact of competitive
operating and macroeconomic factors on future levels of revenue, operating profit and cash flows.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We
evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the
goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets impairment process, including controls related
to the development of forecasted revenue, profitability levels, expected long-term growth rates, and
selection of the discount rates to be applied to the projected cash flows used to estimate the fair value
of the goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets. We also evaluated the sensitivity of the
Company’s conclusion related to changes in assumptions, including the assessment of changes in
assumptions from prior periods. To assess the Company’s ability to accurately forecast, we
compared the Company’s historical forecasted results to actual results. We compared forecasted
revenue and profitability levels in the cash flow projections used in the impairment tests with
available external industry data and other internal information. We involved valuation professionals
with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in evaluating (1) the long-term growth rates
used in the impairment tests by comparing against economic data and information specific to the
respective assets, including projected long-term nominal Gross Domestic Product growth in the
respective local countries, and (2) the discount rates used in the impairment tests by comparing them
against discount rates that were independently developed using publicly available market data,
including that of comparable companies.
Unrecognized tax benefits
As discussed in Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s global operating
model gives rise to income tax obligations in the United States and in certain foreign jurisdictions in
which it operates. As of December 30, 2023, the Company recorded reserves for unrecognized tax
benefits of $2.1 billion. The Company establishes reserves if it believes that certain positions taken
in its tax returns are subject to challenge and the Company likely will not succeed, even though the
Company believes the tax return position is supportable under the tax law. The Company adjusts
115
these reserves, as well as the related interest, in light of new information, such as the progress of a
tax examination, new tax law, relevant court rulings or tax authority settlements.
We identified the evaluation of certain of the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits as a critical audit
matter because the application of tax law and interpretation of a tax authority’s settlement history is
complex and involves subjective judgment. Such judgments impact both the timing and amount of
the reserves that are recognized, including judgments about re-measuring liabilities for positions
taken in prior years’ tax returns in light of new information.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We
evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the
unrecognized tax benefits process, including controls to (1) identify uncertain income tax positions,
(2) evaluate the tax law and tax authority’s settlement history used to estimate the unrecognized tax
benefits, and (3) monitor for new information that may give rise to changes to the existing
unrecognized tax benefits, such as progress of a tax examination, new tax law or tax authority
settlements. We involved tax and valuation professionals with specialized skills and knowledge, who
assisted in assessing the unrecognized tax benefits by (1) evaluating the Company’s tax structure and
transactions, including transfer pricing arrangements, and (2) assessing the Company’s interpretation
of existing tax law as well as new and amended tax laws, tax positions taken, associated external
counsel opinions, information from tax examinations, relevant court rulings and tax authority
settlements.
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1990.
/s/ KPMG LLP
New York, New York
February 8, 2024
116
GLOSSARY
Acquisitions and divestitures: mergers and acquisitions activity, as well as divestitures and other
structural changes, including changes in ownership or control in consolidated subsidiaries and
nonconsolidated equity investees.
Bottler Case Sales (BCS): measure of physical beverage volume shipped to retailers and independent
distributors from both PepsiCo and our independent bottlers.
Bottler funding: financial incentives we give to our independent bottlers to assist in the distribution and
promotion of our beverage products.
Concentrate Shipments and Equivalents (CSE): measure of our physical beverage volume shipments to
independent bottlers.
Constant currency: financial results assuming constant foreign currency exchange rates used for
translation based on the rates in effect for the comparable prior-year period. In order to compute our
constant currency results, we multiply or divide, as appropriate, our current year U.S. dollar results by the
current year average foreign exchange rates and then multiply or divide, as appropriate, those amounts by
the prior year average foreign exchange rates.
Consumers: people who eat and drink our products.
CSD: carbonated soft drinks.
Customers: authorized independent bottlers, distributors and retailers.
Direct-Store-Delivery (DSD): delivery system used by us, our independent bottlers and our distributors to
deliver beverages and convenient foods directly to retail stores where our products are merchandised.
Effective net pricing: reflects the year-over-year impact of discrete pricing actions, sales incentive
activities and mix resulting from selling varying products in different package sizes and in different
countries.
Free cash flow: net cash from operating activities less capital spending, plus sales of property, plant and
equipment.
Independent bottlers: customers to whom we have granted exclusive contracts to sell and manufacture
certain beverage products bearing our trademarks within a specific geographical area.
Mark-to-market net impact: change in market value for commodity derivative contracts that we
purchase to mitigate the volatility in costs of energy and raw materials that we consume. The market value
is determined based on prices on national exchanges and recently reported transactions in the marketplace.
NCB: non-carbonated beverage.
Organic: a measure that adjusts for the impacts of foreign exchange translation, acquisitions and
divestitures, and where applicable, the impact of the 53rd reporting week. In excluding the impact of
foreign exchange translation, we assume constant foreign exchange rates used for translation based on the
rates in effect for the comparable prior-year period. See the definition of “Constant currency” for further
information.
Total marketplace spending: includes sales incentives and discounts offered through various programs to
our customers, consumers or independent bottlers, as well as advertising and other marketing activities.
117
Transaction gains and losses: the impact on our consolidated financial statements of exchange rate
changes arising from specific transactions.
Translation adjustment: the impact of converting our foreign affiliates’ financial statements into U.S.
dollars for the purpose of consolidating our financial statements.
118
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Included in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations – Our Business Risks.”
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
See “Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.”
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
Not applicable.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures. As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out
an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our
disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this
report our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be
disclosed by us in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (1) recorded, processed,
summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules
and forms, and (2) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required
disclosure.
(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our management is
responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such
term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of
our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an
evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based upon criteria
established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that
our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 30, 2023.
Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm. KPMG LLP, an independent registered
public accounting firm, has audited the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report
on Form 10-K and, as part of their audit, has issued their report, included herein, on the effectiveness of
our internal control over financial reporting.
(c) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. During our fourth quarter of 2023, we
continued migrating certain of our financial processing systems to an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
solution. These systems implementations are part of our ongoing global business transformation initiative,
and we plan to continue implementing such systems throughout other parts of our businesses in phases
over the next several years. In connection with these ERP implementations, we are updating and will
continue to update our internal control over financial reporting, as necessary, to accommodate
modifications to our business processes and accounting procedures. During 2023, we continued
implementing these systems, resulting in changes that materially affected our internal control over
financial reporting. These system implementations did not have an adverse effect, nor do we expect will
have an adverse effect, on our internal control over financial reporting. In addition, in connection with our
2019 multi-year productivity plan, we continue to migrate to shared business models across our operations
to further simplify, harmonize and automate processes. In connection with our 2019 multi-year
119
productivity plan and resulting business process changes, we continue to enhance the design and
documentation of our internal control over financial reporting processes, to maintain effective controls
over our financial reporting. These business process changes have not materially affected, and we do not
expect them to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Except with respect to the continued implementation of ERP systems, there have been no changes in our
internal control over financial reporting during our fourth quarter of 2023 that have materially affected, or
are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. We will continue to
assess the impact on our internal control over financial reporting as we continue to implement our ERP
solution and our 2019 multi-year productivity plan.
Item 9B. Other Information.
During the 16 weeks ended December 30, 2023, none of our directors or executive officers adopted,
modified or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement”
as such terms are defined under Item 408 of Regulation S-K.
Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.
Not applicable.
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
Information about our directors and persons nominated to become directors is contained under the caption
“Election of Directors” in our Proxy Statement for our 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed
with the SEC within 120 days of the year ended December 30, 2023 (the 2024 Proxy Statement) and is
incorporated herein by reference. Information about our executive officers is reported under the caption
“Information About Our Executive Officers” in Part I of this report.
Information on beneficial ownership reporting compliance will be contained under the caption
“Ownership of PepsiCo Common Stock - Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports,” if applicable, in our 2024
Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
We have a written code of conduct that applies to all of our employees, including our Chairman of the
Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Controller, and to our Board
of Directors. Our Global Code of Conduct is distributed to all employees and is available on our website at
http://www.pepsico.com. A copy of our Global Code of Conduct may be obtained free of charge by
writing to Investor Relations, PepsiCo, Inc., 700 Anderson Hill Road, Purchase, New York 10577. Any
amendment to our Global Code of Conduct and any waiver applicable to our executive officers or senior
financial officers will be posted on our website within the time period required by the SEC and applicable
rules of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC.
Information about the procedures by which security holders may recommend nominees to our Board of
Directors can be found in our 2024 Proxy Statement under the caption “Board Composition and
Refreshment – Shareholder Recommendations and Nominations of Director Candidates” and is
incorporated herein by reference.
Information concerning the composition of the Audit Committee and our Audit Committee financial
experts is contained in our 2024 Proxy Statement under the caption “Corporate Governance at PepsiCo –
Committees of the Board of Directors – Audit Committee” and is incorporated herein by reference.
120
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
Information about director and executive officer compensation, Compensation Committee interlocks and
the Compensation Committee Report is contained in our 2024 Proxy Statement under the captions “2023
Director Compensation,” “Executive Compensation,” “Corporate Governance at PepsiCo – Committees of
the Board of Directors – Compensation Committee – Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider
Participation” and “Executive Compensation – Compensation Committee Report” and is incorporated
herein by reference.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters.
Information with respect to securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans can be
found under the caption “Executive Compensation – Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity
Compensation Plans” in our 2024 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
Information on the number of shares of PepsiCo Common Stock beneficially owned by each director and
named executive officer, by all directors and executive officers as a group and on each beneficial owner of
more than 5% of PepsiCo Common Stock is contained under the caption “Ownership of PepsiCo Common
Stock” in our 2024 Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
Information with respect to certain relationships and related transactions and director independence is
contained under the captions “Corporate Governance at PepsiCo – Related Person Transactions” and
“Corporate Governance at PepsiCo – Director Independence” in our 2024 Proxy Statement and is
incorporated herein by reference.
Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
Information on our Audit Committee’s pre-approval policy and procedures for audit and other services
and information on our principal accountant fees and services is contained in our 2024 Proxy Statement
under the caption “Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm –
Audit and Other Fees” and is incorporated herein by reference.
121
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
(a)1. Financial Statements
PART IV
The following consolidated financial statements of PepsiCo, Inc. and its affiliates are included
herein by reference to the pages indicated on the index appearing in “Item 7. Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”:
Consolidated Statement of Income – Fiscal years ended December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022
and December 25, 2021
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income – Fiscal years ended December 30, 2023,
December 31, 2022 and December 25, 2021
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows – Fiscal years ended December 30, 2023, December 31,
2022 and December 25, 2021
Consolidated Balance Sheet – December 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022
Consolidated Statement of Equity – Fiscal years ended December 30, 2023, December 31, 2022
and December 25, 2021
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, and
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID: 185).
(a)2. Financial Statement Schedules
These schedules are omitted because they are not required or because the information is set forth in
the financial statements or the notes thereto.
(a)3. Exhibits
See Index to Exhibits.
Item 16. Form 10-K Summary.
None.
122
INDEX TO EXHIBITS
ITEM 15(a)(3)
The following is a list of the exhibits filed as part of this Form 10-K. The documents incorporated
by reference can be viewed on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
EXHIBIT
3.1
3.2
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of PepsiCo, Inc., effective as of May 1,
2019, which are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current
Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 3, 2019.
By-laws of PepsiCo, Inc., as amended and restated, effective as of April 15, 2020, which
are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on
Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 16, 2020.
PepsiCo, Inc. agrees to furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, a
copy of any instrument, not otherwise filed herewith, defining the rights of holders of long-
term debt of PepsiCo, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries and for any of its
unconsolidated subsidiaries for which financial statements are required to be filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission.
Indenture dated May 21, 2007 between PepsiCo, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon
(formerly known as The Bank of New York), as trustee, which is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 4.3 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-3ASR
(Registration No. 333-154314) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
October 15, 2008.
Form of 5.50% Senior Note due 2040, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
4.4 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on January 13, 2010.
Form of 4.875% Senior Note due 2040, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.3 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 25, 2010.
Form of 3.600% Senior Note due 2024, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on February 28, 2014.
Form of 2.625% Senior Note due 2026, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on April 28, 2014.
Form of 4.250% Senior Note due 2044, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 of PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 22, 2014.
Form of 2.750% Senior Note due 2025, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.4 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on April 30, 2015.
Form of 3.500% Senior Note due 2025, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.4 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on July 17, 2015.
4.10 Form of 4.600% Senior Note due 2045, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.5 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on July 17, 2015.
4.11 Form of 4.450% Senior Note due 2046, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.4 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 14, 2015.
4.12 Form of 2.850% Senior Note due 2026, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.3 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on February 24, 2016.
123
4.13 Form of 4.450% Senior Note due 2046, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.4 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on February 24, 2016.
4.14 Form of 0.875% Senior Note due 2028, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on July 18, 2016.
4.15 Form of 2.375% Senior Note due 2026, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.5 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 6, 2016.
4.16 Form of 3.450% Senior Note due 2046, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.6 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 6, 2016.
4.17 Form of 4.000% Senior Note due 2047, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.5 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on May 2, 2017.
4.18 Form of 2.150% Senior Note due 2024, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on May 4, 2017.
4.19 Form of 3.000% Senior Note due 2027, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.3 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 10, 2017.
4.20 Board of Directors Resolutions Authorizing PepsiCo, Inc.’s Officers to Establish the Terms
of the 5.50% Senior Notes due 2040 and 4.875% Senior Notes due 2040, which are
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q for the 24 weeks ended June 12, 2010.
4.21 Board of Directors Resolutions Authorizing PepsiCo, Inc.’s Officers to Establish the Terms
of the 4.000% Senior Notes due 2042 and the 3.600% Senior Notes due 2042, which are
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form
8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 6, 2011.
4.22 Form of 4.000% Senior Note due 2042, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.3 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on March 2, 2012.
4.23 Form of 3.600% Senior Note due 2042, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.3 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on August 13, 2012.
4.24 Form of 7.00% Senior Note due 2029, Series A, which is incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit 4.3 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on November 8, 2018.
4.25 Form of 5.50% Senior Note due 2035, Series A, which is incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit 4.4 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on November 8, 2018.
4.26 Form of 7.29% Senior Note due 2026, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
4.3 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-228466)
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 19, 2018.
4.27 Form of 7.44% Senior Note due 2026, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
4.4 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-228466)
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 19, 2018.
4.28 Form of 7.00% Senior Note due 2029, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
4.5 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-228466)
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 19, 2018.
4.29 Form of 5.50% Senior Note due 2035, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
4.6 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-228466)
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 19, 2018.
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4.30 Form of 0.750% Senior Note due 2027, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on March 18, 2019.
4.31 Form of 1.125% Senior Note due 2031, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on March 18, 2019.
4.32 Form of 2.625% Senior Note due 2029, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on July 29, 2019.
4.33 Form of 3.375% Senior Note due 2049, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on July 29, 2019.
4.34 Form of 2.875% Senior Note due 2049, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 9, 2019.
4.35 Form of 0.875% Senior Note due 2039, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 16, 2019.
4.36 Form of 2.250% Senior Note due 2025, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on March 19, 2020.
4.37 Form of 2.625% Senior Note due 2027, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on March 19, 2020.
4.38 Form of 2.750% Senior Note due 2030, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.3 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on March 19, 2020.
4.39 Form of 3.500% Senior Note due 2040, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.4 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on March 19, 2020.
4.40 Form of 3.625% Senior Note due 2050, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.5 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on March 19, 2020.
4.41 Form of 3.875% Senior Note due 2060, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.6 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on March 19, 2020.
4.42 Form of 1.625% Senior Note due 2030, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on May 1, 2020.
4.43 Form of 0.250% Senior Note due 2024, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on May 6, 2020.
4.44 Form of 0.500% Senior Note due 2028, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on May 6, 2020.
4.45 Form of 1.400% Senior Note due 2031, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 7, 2020.
4.46 Form of 0.400% Senior Note due 2032, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 9, 2020.
125
4.47 Form of 1.050% Senior Note due 2050, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 9, 2020.
4.48 Form of 0.750% Senior Note due 2033, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 14, 2021.
4.49 Form of 1.950% Senior Note due 2031, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 21, 2021.
4.50 Form of 2.625% Senior Note due 2041, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 21, 2021.
4.51 Form of 2.750% Senior Note due 2051, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.3 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on October 21, 2021.
4.52 Form of 3.600% Senior Note due 2028, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on July 18, 2022.
4.53 Form of 4.200% Senior Note due 2052, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on July 18, 2022.
4.54 Form of 3.900% Senior Note due 2032, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on July 18, 2022.
4.55 Form of 3.200% Senior Note due 2029, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on July 22, 2022.
4.56 Form of 3.550% Senior Note due 2034, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on July 22, 2022.
4.57 Form of Floating Rate Note due 2026, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on February 15, 2023.
4.58 Form of 4.550% Senior Note due 2026, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on February 15, 2023.
4.59 Form of 4.450% Senior Note due 2028, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.3 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on February 15, 2023.
4.60 Form of 4.450% Senior Note due 2033, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.4 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on February 15, 2023.
4.61 Form of 4.650% Senior Note due 2053, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.5 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on February 15, 2023.
4.62 Form of Floating Rate Note due 2024, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
4.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission on November 13, 2023.
4.63 Form of 5.250% Senior Note due 2025, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on November 13, 2023.
126
4.64Form of 5.125% Senior Note due 2026, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 13, 2023.4.65Board of Directors Resolutions Authorizing PepsiCo, Inc.’s Officers to Establish the Terms of the 3.600% Senior Notes due 2024, the 2.625% Senior Notes due 2026, the 4.250% Senior Notes due 2044, the 2.750% Senior Notes due 2025, the 3.500% Senior Notes due 2025, the 4.600% Senior Notes due 2045, the 4.450% Senior Notes due 2046, the 2.850% Senior Notes due 2026, the 0.875% Senior Notes due 2028, the 2.375% Senior Notes due 2026, the 3.450% Senior Notes due 2046, the 4.000% Senior Notes due 2047, the 2.150% Senior Notes due 2024, the 3.000% Senior Notes due 2027, the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2029, Series A, the 5.50% Senior Notes due 2035, Series A, the 7.29% Senior Notes due 2026, the 7.44% Senior Notes due 2026, the 7.00% Senior Notes due 2029, the 5.50% Senior Notes due 2035, the 0.750% Senior Notes due 2027, the 1.125% Senior Notes due 2031, the 2.625% Senior Notes due 2029, the 3.375% Senior Notes due 2049, the 2.875% Senior Notes due 2049, the 0.875% Senior Notes due 2039, the 2.250% Senior Notes due 2025, the 2.625% Senior Notes due 2027, the 2.750% Senior Notes due 2030, the 3.500% Senior Notes due 2040, the 3.625% Senior Notes due 2050, the 3.875% Senior Notes due 2060, the 1.625% Senior Notes due 2030, the 0.250% Senior Notes due 2024, the 0.500% Senior Notes due 2028, the 1.400% Senior Notes due 2031, the 0.400% Senior Notes due 2032, the 1.050% Senior Notes due 2050, the 0.750% Senior Notes due 2033, the 1.950% Senior Notes due 2031, the 2.625% Senior Notes due 2041, the 2.750% Senior Notes due 2051, the 3.600% Senior Notes due 2028, the 4.200% Senior Notes due 2052, the 3.900% Senior Notes due 2032, the 3.200% Senior Notes due 2029, the 3.550% Senior Notes due 2034, the Floating Rate Notes due 2026, the 4.550% Senior Notes due 2026, the 4.450% Senior Notes due 2028, the 4.450% Senior Notes due 2033, the 4.650% Senior Notes due 2053, the Floating Rate Notes due 2024, the 5.250% Senior Notes due 2025 and the 5.125% Senior Notes due 2026, which are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2013.4.66Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of October 24, 2018, between Pepsi-Cola Metropolitan Bottling Company, Inc. and The Bank New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture dated as of January 15, 1993 between Whitman Corporation and The First National Bank of Chicago, as trustee, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 25, 2018.4.67Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 26, 2010, among Pepsi-Cola Metropolitan Bottling Company, Inc., PepsiAmericas, Inc. and The Bank New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee, to the Indenture dated as of January 15, 1993 between Whitman Corporation and The First National Bank of Chicago, as trustee, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 1, 2010.4.68First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 20, 1999, between Whitman Corporation and The First National Bank of Chicago, as trustee, to the Indenture dated as of January 15, 1993, between Whitman Corporation and The First National Bank of Chicago, as trustee, each of which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to PepsiAmericas, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-64292) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 29, 2005.4.69Form of PepsiAmericas, Inc. 7.29% Note due 2026, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 20, 2010.4.70Description of Securities.127 10.1 Form of PepsiCo, Inc. Director Indemnification Agreement, which is incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended December 25, 2004.*
10.2 Severance Plan for Executive Employees of PepsiCo, Inc. and Affiliates, which is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 6, 2008.*
10.3 Form of Aircraft Time Sharing Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended
March 21, 2009.*
10.4 Specified Employee Amendments to Arrangements Subject to Section 409A of the Internal
Revenue Code, adopted February 18, 2010 and March 29, 2010, which is incorporated
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the quarterly period ended March 20, 2010.*
10.5 PepsiCo, Inc. 2007 Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended and restated March 13, 2014,
which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 14, 2014.*
10.6 The PepsiCo International Retirement Plan Defined Benefit Program, as amended and
restated effective as of January 1, 2023 (with additional amendments through December 31,
2023).*
10.7 The PepsiCo International Retirement Plan Defined Contribution Program, as amended and
restated effective as of January 1, 2023.*
10.8 PepsiCo, Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan (as amended and restated May 4, 2016), which is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit B to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Proxy Statement for its
2016 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
on March 18, 2016.*
10.9 PepsiCo Pension Equalization Plan (Plan Document for the Pre-409A Program), as
amended and restated effective as of January 1, 2022, which is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.9 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended December 25, 2021.*
10.10 PepsiCo Pension Equalization Plan (Plan Document for the 409A Program), as amended
and restated effective as of January 1, 2023.*
10.11 PepsiCo Automatic Retirement Contribution Equalization Plan, as amended and restated
effective as of January 1, 2023.*
10.12 PepsiCo Director Deferral Program (Plan Document for the 409A Program), amended and
restated effective as of January 1, 2020, which is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25
to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 28,
2019.*
10.13 PepsiCo Executive Income Deferral Program (Plan Document for the 409A Program),
amended and restated effective as of January 1, 2023.*
10.14 Amendment to Certain PepsiCo Award Agreements, which is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.45 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended December 30, 2017. *
10.15 PepsiCo, Inc. Long Term Incentive Plan (as amended and restated December 20, 2017),
which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.47 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Annual Report
on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2017.*
10.16 PepsiCo, Inc. Executive Incentive Compensation Plan (as amended and restated effective
February 4, 2021), which is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 26, 2020.*
10.17 PepsiCo Executive Income Deferral Program (Plan Document for the Pre-409A Program),
amended and restated effective as of January 1, 2019, which is incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.35 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 28, 2019.*
128
10.18 2020 Form of Annual Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement (Performance Stock Units /
Long-Term Cash Award), which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to
PepsiCo, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 21,
2020.*
10.19 2021 Form of Annual Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement (Performance Stock Units /
Long-Term Cash Award), which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to
PepsiCo, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 20,
2021.*
10.20 2022 Form of Annual Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement (Performance Stock Units /
Long-Term Cash Award), which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to
PepsiCo, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 19,
2022.*
10.21 2023 Form of Annual Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement (Performance Stock Units /
Long-Term Cash Award), which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to
PepsiCo, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 25,
2023.*
10.22 2020 Form of Annual Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement (Stock Options / Restricted
Stock Units / Performance Stock Units).*
10.23 2021 Form of Annual Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement (Stock Options / Restricted
Stock Units).*
10.24 2023 Form of Annual Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement (Stock Options / Restricted
21
23
24
31
32
97
99.1
Stock Units).*
Subsidiaries of PepsiCo, Inc.
Consent of KPMG LLP.
Power of Attorney.
Certification of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
PepsiCo, Inc. Compensation Recovery Policy for Covered Executives.
364-Day Credit Agreement, dated as of May 26, 2023, among PepsiCo, as borrower, the
lenders named therein, and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent, which is incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on May 30, 2023.
101
99.2 Five-Year Credit Agreement, dated as of May 26, 2023, among PepsiCo, as borrower, the
lenders named therein, and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent, which is incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to PepsiCo, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on May 30, 2023.
The following materials from PepsiCo, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal
year ended December 30, 2023 formatted in iXBRL (Inline eXtensible Business Reporting
Language): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of
Comprehensive Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (iv) the
Consolidated Balance Sheets, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Equity and (vi) Notes to
the Consolidated Financial Statements.
The cover page from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 30, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.
104
* Management contracts and compensatory plans or arrangements required to be filed as exhibits pursuant to Item
15(a)(3) of this report.
129
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, PepsiCo has
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Dated: February 8, 2024
PepsiCo, Inc.
By: /s/ Ramon L. Laguarta
Ramon L. Laguarta
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief
Executive Officer
130
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by
the
the date
indicated.
following persons on behalf of PepsiCo and
the capacities and on
in
SIGNATURE
/s/ Ramon L. Laguarta
Ramon L. Laguarta
/s/ James T. Caulfield
James T. Caulfield
/s/ Marie T. Gallagher
Marie T. Gallagher
/s/ Segun Agbaje
Segun Agbaje
/s/ Jennifer Bailey
Jennifer Bailey
/s/ Cesar Conde
Cesar Conde
/s/ Ian M. Cook
Ian M. Cook
/s/ Edith W. Cooper
Edith W. Cooper
/s/ Susan M. Diamond
Susan M. Diamond
/s/ Dina Dublon
Dina Dublon
/s/ Michelle Gass
Michelle Gass
/s/ Dave J. Lewis
Dave J. Lewis
/s/ David C. Page
David C. Page
/s/ Robert C. Pohlad
Robert C. Pohlad
/s/ Daniel Vasella
Daniel Vasella
/s/ Darren Walker
Darren Walker
/s/ Alberto Weisser
Alberto Weisser
DATE
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
February 8, 2024
TITLE
Chairman of the Board of Directors
and Chief Executive Officer
Executive Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer
Senior Vice President and Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
131
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RECONCILIATION OF GAAP AND
NON-GAAP INFORMATION
In discussing financial results and guidance, we refer to the
Acquisition and divestiture-related charges: Primarily
following measures which are not in accordance with GAAP:
merger and integration charges and costs associated with
organic revenue, core results, core constant currency results
divestitures. Merger and integration charges include liabilities
and free cash flow. We use non-GAAP financial measures
to support socioeconomic programs in South Africa, gains
internally to make operating and strategic decisions,
including the preparation of our annual operating plan,
associated with contingent consideration, employee-
related costs, contract termination costs, closing costs and
evaluation of our overall business performance and as a
other integration costs. Divestiture-related charges reflect
factor in determining compensation for certain employees.
transaction expenses, including consulting, advisory and
We believe presenting non-GAAP financial measures
other professional fees.
provides additional information to facilitate comparison of
our historical operating results and trends in our underlying
Gain associated with the Juice Transaction: Gain associated
operating results and provides additional transparency on
with the Juice Transaction in our PepsiCo Beverages North
how we evaluate our business. We also believe presenting
America and Europe divisions.
these measures allows investors to view our performance
using the same measures that we use in evaluating our
Impairment and other charges: Comprised of Russia-Ukraine
financial and business performance and trends.
conflict charges, brand portfolio impairment charges and
other impairment charges as described below.
We consider quantitative and qualitative factors in assessing
whether to adjust for the impact of items that may be
Russia-Ukraine conflict charges: In connection with
significant or that could affect an understanding of our
the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, charges related to
ongoing financial and business performance or trends. For
indefinite-lived intangible assets and property, plant
further information regarding these non-GAAP financial
and equipment impairment, allowance for expected
measures, including further information on the excluded
credit losses, inventory write-downs and other costs.
items for the periods presented, see “Non-GAAP Measures,”
Also includes adjustments to the charges recorded
“Items Affecting Comparability” and “Our Liquidity and
in 2022.
Capital Resources” in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”
Brand portfolio impairment charges: Intangible
in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. The core non-GAAP
asset, investment and property, plant and equipment
financial measures contained in this Annual Report exclude
impairments and other charges as a result of
the impact of the following items:
management’s decision to reposition or discontinue
the sale/distribution of certain brands and to sell an
Mark-to-market net impact: Mark-to-market net gains and
investment. Also includes adjustments to the charges
losses on commodity derivatives in corporate unallocated
recorded in 2022.
expenses. These gains and losses are subsequently reflected
in division results when the divisions recognize the cost of
Other impairment charges: Impairment charges taken
the underlying commodity in operating profit.
as a result of our quantitative assessments of certain of
our indefinite-lived intangible assets and related to our
Restructuring and impairment charges: Expenses related to
investment in TBG.
the multi-year productivity plan publicly announced in 2019,
which was expanded and extended through the end of 2028
Product recall-related impact: Product returns, inventory
to take advantage of additional opportunities within the
write-offs and customer and consumer-related costs in
initiatives of the plan.
our Quaker Foods North America division associated with a
voluntary recall of certain bars and cereals.
PepsiCo Annual Report 2023 133
Pension and retiree medical-related impact: Primarily
equity investees. We believe organic revenue growth
settlement charges related to lump sum distributions
provides useful information in evaluating the results of our
exceeding the total of annual service and interest costs, as
business because it excludes items that we believe are not
well as curtailment gains.
indicative of ongoing performance or that we believe impact
Tax benefit related to the IRS audit: A non-cash tax benefit
resulting from our agreement with the IRS to settle one of
Division operating profit is the aggregation of the operating
the issues assessed in the 2014 through 2016 tax audit. The
profit for each of our reportable segments, which excludes
agreement covers tax years 2014 through 2019.
the impact of corporate unallocated expenses.
comparability with the prior year.
Tax expense related to the TCJ Act: Adjustments to the
Free cash flow is a measure management uses to monitor
mandatory transition tax liability under the TCJ Act.
cash flow performance. We define free cash flow as net
Additionally, organic revenue growth is a measure that
cash from operating activities less capital spending, plus
sales of property, plant and equipment. Since net capital
adjusts for the impacts of foreign exchange translation,
spending is essential to our product innovation initiatives and
acquisitions and divestitures, and every five or six years, the
maintaining our operational capabilities, we believe that it is
impact of the 53rd reporting week, including in our 2022
a recurring and necessary use of cash. As such, we believe
financial results. Adjusting for acquisitions and divestitures
investors should also consider net capital spending when
reflects mergers and acquisitions activity, including the
evaluating our cash from operating activities.
impact in 2021 of an extra month of net revenue for our
acquisitions of Pioneer Foods in our Africa, Middle East and
Non-GAAP information should be considered as
South Asia division and Be & Cheery in our Asia Pacific,
supplemental in nature and is not meant to be considered
Australia and New Zealand and China Region division as
in isolation or as a substitute for the related financial
we aligned the reporting calendars of these acquisitions
information prepared in accordance U.S. GAAP. In addition,
with those of our divisions, as well as divestitures and other
our non-GAAP financial measures may not be the same as
structural changes, including changes in ownership or
or comparable to similar non-GAAP measures presented by
control in consolidated subsidiaries and nonconsolidated
other companies.
Operating Profit Reconciliation
Reported operating profit, GAAP measure
Mark-to-market net impact
Restructuring and impairment charges
Acquisition and divestiture-related charges
Gain associated with the Juice Transaction
Impairment and other charges
Product recall-related impact
Year Ended
December 30,
2023
$ 11,986
December 31,
2022
$ 11,512
% Change
4 %
36
446
41
—
1,230
136
62
380
74
(3,321)
3,618
—
Core operating profit, non-GAAP measure
$ 13,875
$ 12,325
13 %
Note — Dollars are presented in millions.
134 PepsiCo Annual Report 2023
Diluted EPS Reconciliation
Reported diluted EPS, GAAP measure
Mark-to-market net impact
Restructuring and impairment charges
Acquisition and divestiture-related charges
Gain associated with the Juice Transaction
Impairment and other charges
Product recall-related impact
Pension and retiree medical-related impact
Tax benefit related to the IRS audit
Tax expense related to the TCJ Act
Core diluted EPS, non-GAAP measure
Impact of foreign exchange translation
Core constant currency diluted EPS growth,
non-GAAP measure
Year Ended
December 30, 2023
December 31, 2022
% Change
$ 6.56
0.02
0.25
0.02
—
0.68
0.07
0.01
—
—
$ 7.62
$ 6.42
0.03
0.24
0.05
(2.08)
2.12
—
0.17
(0.23)
0.06
$ 6.79
2 %
12 %
2
14 %
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities Reconciliation
Net cash provided by operating activities, GAAP measure
Capital spending
Sales of property, plant and equipment
Free cash flow, non-GAAP measure
$ 13,442
(5,518)
198
$ 8,122
$ 10,811
(5,207)
251
$ 5,855
24%
39%
Year Ended
December 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
% Change
PepsiCo Net Revenue Growth Reconciliation
Reported % Change, GAAP Measure
Impact of:
Foreign exchange translation
Acquisitions and divestitures
53rd reporting week
Organic % Change, non-GAAP
Measure
2021–2023
Compound
Annual Growth
Rate
9 %
11 %
Net Revenue Growth Reconciliation
Year Ended
December 30, 2023 December 31, 2022 December 25, 2021
6 %
2
—
1
9 %
9 %
3
4
(1 )
14 %
Year Ended December 30, 2023
Impact of
13 %
(1 )
(2 )
—
10 %
Organic
% change,
non-GAAP
measure
8%
12%
10%
8%
North America
International
Global convenient foods
Global beverages
Reported
% change,
GAAP measure
Foreign
exchange
translation
Acquisitions
and
divestitures
53rd
reporting
week
6%
6%
7%
4%
—
5
1
3
—
1
0.5
—
2
—
1
1
Note — Dollars are presented in millions, except per share amounts. Certain amounts above may not sum due to rounding.
PepsiCo Annual Report 2023 135
Division Operating Profit Reconciliation
Year Ended December 30, 2023
% of
Reported
division
operating
profit
Reported,
GAAP
measure
Mark-to-
market net
impact
Restructuring
and
impairment
charges
Impact of
Acquisition
and
divestiture-
related
charges
Impairment
and other
charges
Product
recall-related
impact
Core,
non-GAAP
measure
% of Core
division
operating
profit
Frito-Lay North
America
$ 6,755
47%
$ —
$ 42
$ —
$ —
$ —
$ 6,797
42%
Quaker Foods North
America
492
3%
PepsiCo Beverages
North America
2,584
18%
Latin America
2,252
16%
Europe
767
5%
Africa, Middle East and
South Asia
Asia Pacific, Australia
and New Zealand and
China Region
807
6%
713
5%
Division operating
profit
14,370
Corporate unallocated
expenses
(2,384)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
136
628
4%
41
16
321
29
—
2
223
(2)
855
15
8
2
—
(7)
59
—
—
—
—
—
2,962
18%
2,283
14%
1,843
12%
817
5%
780
5%
358
16
1,230
136
16,110
36
88
25
—
—
(2,235)
Operating profit
$ 11,986
$ 36
$ 446
$ 41
$ 1,230
$ 136
$ 13,875
Note — Dollars are presented in millions.
136 PepsiCo Annual Report 2023
COMMON STOCK INFORMATION
Stock Trading Symbol — PEP
Stock Exchange Listings
The Nasdaq Global Select Market is the principal market for our
common stock, which is also listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange.
Dividend Policy
Dividends are usually declared in February, May, July and November
and paid at the end of March, June and September and the beginning
of January.
On February 7, 2024, the Board of Directors of PepsiCo declared
a quarterly dividend of $1.265 per share, payable April 1, 2024, to
shareholders of record on March 1, 2024. For the remainder of 2024,
the record dates for these dividend payments are expected to be
June 7, September 6 and December 6, 2024, subject to approval
of the Board of Directors. On February 9, 2024, we announced a 7%
increase in our annualized dividend to $5.42 per share from $5.06 per
share, effective with the dividend expected to be paid in June 2024.
We have paid consecutive quarterly cash dividends since 1965.
Year-End Market Price of Stock
Based on calendar year-end (in U.S. Dollars)
Annualized Cash Dividends Declared
Per share (in U.S. Dollars)
$200
$200
$175
$175
$150
$150
$125
$125
$100
$100
2019
2019
2020
2020
2021
2021
2022
2022
2023
2023
The closing price for a share of PepsiCo common stock on
The Nasdaq Global Select Market for the years ended 2019–2023
was the price reported by Bloomberg. Past performance is not
necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.
202 3
2022
2021
2020
2019
$4.9450
$4.5250
$4.2475
$4.0225
$3.7925
Comparison of Cumulative Total Shareholder Return
(in U.S. Dollars)
The graph below matches PepsiCo Inc.’s cumulative five-year total shareholder return on common stock with the cumulative total
returns of the S&P 500® index, and the S&P® Average of Industry Groups index.* The graph tracks the performance of a $100 investment
in our common stock and in each index (with the reinvestment of all dividends) from 12/31/2018 to 12/31/2023.
PepsiCo, Inc.
S&P 500
S&P Avg. of Ind. Groups*
$250
$200
$1 50
$100
$50
$0
12/18
12/19
12/20
12/21
12/22
12/23
* The S&P Average of Industry Groups is derived by weighting the returns of two applicable S&P Industry Groups (the S&P 500 Soft Drinks &
Non-alcoholic Beverages and S&P 500 Packaged Foods and Meats indices) based on PepsiCo’s sales in its beverage and foods businesses.
The returns for PepsiCo, the S&P 500 and the S&P Average of Industry Groups are calculated through December 31, 2023.
PepsiCo, Inc.
S&P 500®
S&P® Average of Industry Groups*
12/18
$100
$100
$100
12/19
12/20
12/21
12/22
12/23
$127
$131
$128
$142
$156
$137
$172
$200
$156
$183
$164
$170
$177
$207
$161
The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.
PepsiCo Annual Report 2023 137
SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION
Annual Meeting
The Annual Meeting of Shareholders will be conducted in a virtual-
only format on Wednesday, May 1, 2024, at 9 a.m. Eastern Daylight
time at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/PEP2024. The webcast
will open for shareholders at approximately 8:45 a.m. Eastern Daylight
time and begin promptly at 9 a.m. Eastern Daylight time. Proxies for
the meeting will be solicited by an independent proxy solicitor. This
Annual Report is not part of the proxy solicitation.
Inquiries Regarding Your Stock Holdings
Registered Shareholders (shares held by you in your name) should
address communications concerning transfers, statements, dividend
payments, address changes, lost certificates and other administrative
matters to:
Computershare Inc.
150 Royall Street, Suite 101
Canton, MA 02021
Telephone: 800-226-0083
201-680-6578 (outside the U.S.)
Email:
web.queries@computershare.com
Website:
www.computershare.com/investor
or
Shareholder Relations
PepsiCo, Inc.
700 Anderson Hill Road
Purchase, NY 10577
Email: ir@pepsico.com
In all correspondence or telephone inquiries, please mention PepsiCo,
the name in which your shares are registered, your holder ID, your
address and your telephone number.
Long-Term Incentive Plan Participants
Associates who received Long-Term Incentive awards should address
all questions regarding their account, including outstanding options
or shares received through option exercises or vesting event, to:
Morgan Stanley
Global Stock Plan Services
P.O. Box 182616
Columbus, OH 43218-2616
Telephone: 844-4-PEP-LTI (U.S. and Canada)
614-414-8060 (all other locations)
Email: PEP@morganstanley.com
Website: atwork.morganstanley.com
PepsiCo Savings Plan Participants
Associates who are a part of the U.S. Retirement programs should
address all questions regarding their account to:
Fidelity
P.O. Box 770003
Cincinnati, OH 45277-0065
Telephone: 800-632-2014
Overseas: Dial your country’s AT&T Access Number + 800-632-2014
In the U.S., access numbers are available by calling 800-331-1140
Website: www.netbenefits.com/pepsico
PepsiCo Stock Purchase Program Participants
Associates should address all questions regarding their account to:
Fidelity
P.O. Box 770001
Cincinnati, OH 45277-0002
Telephone: 800-544-9354
Website: www.netbenefits.com/pepsico
Please have a copy of your most recent
statement available when calling with inquiries.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Annual Report contains statements reflecting our views
These forward-looking statements are based on currently
about our future performance that constitute “forward-
available information, operating plans and projections
looking statements” within the meaning of the Private
about future events and trends. They inherently involve risks
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (Reform Act).
and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ
Statements that constitute forward-looking statements
materially from those predicted in any such forward-looking
within the meaning of the Reform Act are generally identified
statement. These risks and uncertainties include, but are
through the inclusion of words such as “aim,” “anticipate,”
not limited to, those described in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and
“believe,” “drive,” “estimate,” “expect,” “expressed confidence,”
“Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
“forecast,” “future,” “goal,” “guidance,” “intend,” “may,”
“objective,” “outlook,” “plan,” “position,” “potential,” “project,”
Condition and Results of Operations — Our Business — Our
Business Risks” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K included
“seek,” “should,” “strategy,” “target,” “will” or similar statements
herewith. Investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance
or variations of such words and other similar expressions. All
on any such forward-looking statements, which speak only
statements addressing our future operating performance,
as of the date they are made. We undertake no obligation to
and statements addressing events and developments that
update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of
we expect or anticipate will occur in the future, are forward-
new information, future events or otherwise.
looking statements within the meaning of the Reform Act.
138 PepsiCo Annual Report 2023
CORPORATE INFORMATION
Corporate Headquarters
PepsiCo, Inc.
700 Anderson Hill Road
Purchase, NY 10577
Telephone: 914-253-2000
PepsiCo Website
www.pepsico.com
Direct Stock Purchase
Interested investors can make their initial purchase directly through
Computershare, transfer agent for PepsiCo and Administrator for
the Plan. Please contact our transfer agent for more information.
Computershare Inc.
150 Royall Street, Suite 101
Canton, MA 02021
Telephone: 800-226-0083
201-680-6578 (outside the U.S.)
Email: web.queries@computershare.com
Website: www.computershare.com/investor
Other services include dividend reinvestment, direct deposit of
dividends, optional cash investments by electronic funds transfer
or check drawn on a U.S. bank, sale of shares, online account access
and electronic delivery of shareholder materials.
Independent Auditors
KPMG LLP
345 Park Avenue
New York, NY 10154-0102
Telephone: 212-758-9700
Additional Information
PepsiCo’s Annual Report contains many of the valuable trademarks
owned and/or used by PepsiCo and its subsidiaries and affiliates in
the U.S. and internationally to distinguish products and services of
outstanding quality. All other trademarks featured herein are the
property of their respective owners.
© 2024 PepsiCo, Inc.
Environmental Profile
This Annual Report was printed with Forest Stewardship Council®
(FSC®) – certified paper, the use of 100% certified renewable wind
power resources and vegetable-based ink. PepsiCo continues to
reduce the costs and environmental impact of annual report printing
and mailing by utilizing a distribution model that drives increased
online readership and fewer printed copies. You can learn more
about our environmental efforts at www.pepsico.com.
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