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Phoenix New Media Limited

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FY2023 Annual Report · Phoenix New Media Limited
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F

☐ REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR 12(g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE 

ACT OF 1934

OR

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

☐ SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 

1934.

For the transition period from                       to                        

Commission file number 001-35158

Phoenix New Media Limited

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Cayman Islands
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

Sinolight Plaza, Floor 16
No. 4 Qiyang Road
Wangjing, Chaoyang District,
Beijing 100102
People’s Republic of China
(Address of principal executive offices)

Contact Person: Mr. Edward Lu
Chief Financial Officer
(86 10) 6067-6869
Sinolight Plaza, Floor 16
No. 4 Qiyang Road
Wangjing, Chaoyang District,
Beijing 100102
People’s Republic of China
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
American Depositary Shares, each representing 
forty-eight
Class A ordinary shares
Class A ordinary shares, par value $0.01 per share*

Trading Symbol(s)
FENG

Name of each exchange on which registered
New York Stock Exchange, Inc.

N/A

New York Stock Exchange, Inc.

* Not for trading, but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares representing such Class A ordinary 

shares pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period 
covered by the annual report. 

262,954,885 Class A ordinary shares were outstanding as of December 31, 2023
317,325,360 Class B ordinary shares were outstanding as of December 31, 2023

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

☐ Yes   ☒ No

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 
13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

☐ Yes   ☒ No

Note — Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), 
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

☒ Yes   ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted 
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the 
registrant was required to submit such files).

☒ Yes   ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or an emerging 
growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 
of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐

Accelerated filer ☐

Non-accelerated filer ☒

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the 
registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards† 
provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to 
its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness 
of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered 
public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the 
registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based 
compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive o￿cers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

U.S. GAAP ☒

International Financial Reporting Standards as issued
by the International Accounting Standards Board ☐

Other ☐

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant 
has elected to follow.

☐ Item 17   ☐ Item 18

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange 
Act).

☐ Yes   ☒ No

(APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PAST FIVE YEARS)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.

☐ Yes   ☐ No

 
 
 
 
 
 
PHOENIX NEW MEDIA LIMITED

FORM 20-F ANNUAL REPORT
FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023

PART I

ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

PART II

ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES
ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS
ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT
ITEM 16B. CODE OF ETHICS
ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 16D. EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES
ITEM 16E. PURCHASE OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS
ITEM 16F. CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT
ITEM 16G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 16H. MINE SAFETY
ITEM 16I. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS
ITEM 16J. INSIDER TRADING POLICIES
ITEM 16K. CYBERSECURITY

PART III

ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
ITEM 19. EXHIBIT INDEX

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Conventions that Apply to this Annual Report on Form 20-F

In this annual report, unless otherwise indicated:

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

“ADSs” refers to our American depositary shares, each of which represents forty-eight Class A ordinary shares and 
“ADRs” refers to the American depositary receipts that may evidence our ADSs;

“China” or “PRC” refers to the People’s Republic of China, and only in the context of describing specific laws and 
regulations adopted by the PRC and other legal or tax matters applicable only to mainland China, excludes Hong Kong, 
Macau and Taiwan;

“Class A ordinary shares” refer to our Class A ordinary shares, par value US$0.01 per share;

“Class B ordinary shares” refer to our Class B ordinary shares, par value US$0.01 per share, each of which shall be 
entitled to 1.3 votes on all matters subject to shareholders’ vote;

“Fenghuang On-line” refers to Fenghuang On-line (Beijing) Information Technology Co., Ltd., a wholly foreign-owned 
PRC entity and an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of our company;

“Fenghuang Ronghe” refers to Beijing Fenghuang Ronghe Investment Co., Ltd., a PRC domestic company and one of the 
VIEs;

“Fengyu Network” refers to Beijing Fengyu Network Technology Co., Ltd., a PRC domestic company and a subsidiary of 
Tianying Jiuzhou;

“Huanyou Tianxia” refers to Beijing Huanyou Tianxia Technology Co., Ltd., a PRC domestic company and an indirect 
subsidiary of Tianying Jiuzhou; 

“ordinary shares” refer to our Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares, collectively;

“Phoenix TV” refers to Phoenix Media Investment (Holdings) Limited;

“Phoenix TV (BVI)” refers to Phoenix Satellite Television (B.V.I.) Holding Limited, a wholly owned direct subsidiary of 
Phoenix TV, which directly owned 55.0% of our share capital as of March 31, 2024;

“Phoenix TV Group” refers to Phoenix TV and its subsidiaries, not including our company;

“PRC subsidiaries” refer to Fenghuang On-line (Beijing) Information Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Fenghuang Yutian 
Software Technology Co., Ltd., Fenghuang Feiyang (Beijing) New Media Information Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 
Fenghuang Borui Software Technology Co., Ltd. and any other companies established in the PRC in which we hold direct 
or indirect certain equity interest and whose financial results are consolidated into our financial statements in accordance 
with U.S. GAAP; and unless otherwise specified herein, references to “PRC subsidiaries” in this annual report do not 
include the companies established in the PRC in which we do not hold directly or indirectly any equity interest but whose 
financial results are consolidated into our financial statements as variable interest entities in accordance with U.S. GAAP;

“RMB” or “Renminbi” refers to the legal currency of China; “$”, “dollars”, “US$” and “U.S. dollars” refer to the legal 
currency of the United States;

“Tianying Jiuzhou” refers to Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd., a PRC domestic company and one 
of the VIEs;

“VIEs” refer to Beijing Fenghuang Ronghe Investment Co., Ltd. and Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., 
Ltd., each of which is a PRC domestic company. Significant part of our operations in China are conducted by the VIEs, in 
which we do not own any equity interest, through contractual arrangements. We treat both of these two PRC domestic 
companies as variable interest entities and have consolidated their financial results in our financial statements in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or U.S. GAAP; 

“we”, “us”, “our company”, “our” and “Phoenix New Media” refer to Phoenix New Media Limited, a Cayman Islands 
company and its subsidiaries, and, in the context of describing our operations and consolidated financial information, its 
VIEs in China, including but not limited to Tianying Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe; and 

“Yifeng Lianhe” refers to Yifeng Lianhe (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., a PRC domestic company wholly owned by 
Fenghuang Ronghe.

On May 23, 2022, we effected a change of the ratio of our ADSs to Class A ordinary shares from the then ADS ratio of one 
(1) ADS to eight (8) Class A ordinary shares to a new ADS ratio of one (1) ADS to forty-eight (48) Class A ordinary shares. Unless 

1

otherwise indicated, ADSs and per ADS amount in this annual report have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the change in ratio for 
all periods presented.

This annual report contains statistical data that we obtained from various government and private publications. We have not 
independently verified the data in these reports and database. Statistical data in these publications also include projections based on a 
number of assumptions. If any one of the assumptions underlying the statistical data turns out to be incorrect, actual results may differ 
from the projections based on these assumptions.

This annual report on Form 20-F includes our audited consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 

2021, 2022 and 2023, and as of December 31, 2022 and 2023.

Our ADSs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “FENG.”

Unless otherwise noted, all translations from Renminbi to U.S. dollars and from U.S. dollars to Renminbi in this annual report 

are made at a rate of RMB7.0999 to US$1.00, the exchange rate in effect as of December 29, 2023 as set forth in the H.10 statistical 
release of The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. We make no representation that any Renminbi or U.S. dollar 
amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars or Renminbi, as the case may be, at any particular rate, or at all.

2

Forward-Looking Information

This annual report on Form 20-F contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. All statements 

other than statements of historical facts are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown risks, 
uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from those 
expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

You can identify these forward-looking statements by words or phrases such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” 
“expect,” “intend,” “likely to,” “may,” “plan,” “will” or other similar expressions. We have based these forward-looking statements 
largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial 
condition, operating results, business strategy and financial needs. These forward-looking statements include:

•

•

•

•

•

our growth strategies, including without limitation strategies to grow particular products or services;

our future business development, operating results and financial condition;

expected changes in our revenues, including in components of our total revenues, and cost or expense items;

our ability to continue and manage the expansion of our operations; and

changes in general economic and business conditions in China.

The forward-looking statements made in this annual report on Form 20-F relate only to events or information as of the date on 

which the statements are made in this annual report on Form 20-F. We undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any 
forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, after the date on which the statements 
are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should read this annual report on Form 20-F and the documents that 
we reference in this annual report on Form 20-F and have filed as exhibits hereto with the understanding that our actual future results 
may be materially different from what we expect. You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future 
events.

Other sections of this annual report on Form 20-F include additional factors that could adversely impact our business and 
financial performance. Moreover, we operate in an evolving environment. New risk factors and uncertainties emerge from time to 
time and it is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors and uncertainties, nor can we assess the impact of all factors 
on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those 
contained in any forward-looking statements.

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PART I

ITEM 1.             IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS

Not required.

ITEM 2.             OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

Not required.

ITEM 3.             KEY INFORMATION

Our Corporate Structure

The following diagram illustrates our corporate structure as of the date of this annual report, including our subsidiaries, the 

VIEs and their subsidiaries that are significant subsidiaries as defined in rule 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X: 

Our Corporate Structure and Contractual Arrangements with the VIEs

Phoenix New Media Limited is not an operating company in China but a Cayman Islands holding company, which has no 
equity ownership in the VIEs, with operations primarily conducted by our PRC subsidiaries and through contractual arrangements 
with the VIEs based in China. Currently, VIEs are (i) Fenghuang Ronghe and (ii) Tianying Jiuzhou. Under the PRC laws and 
regulations, the operation and provision of internet information services to the public, value-added telecommunication-based online 
marketing, internet audio visual program services and internet culture operations (except for music) in the PRC is subject to foreign 
investment restrictions and license requirements. Therefore, we operate such businesses in China through the VIEs, and rely on 
contractual arrangements among our PRC subsidiaries, the VIEs and their respective shareholders to control the business operations of 
the VIEs. Revenue contributed by the VIEs and their subsidiaries accounted for 44.7%, 44.5% and 43.4% of our total revenues for the 
years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. As used in this annual report, “we,” “us,” “our company,” “our” and 
“Phoenix New Media” refer to Phoenix New Media Limited, a Cayman Islands company and its subsidiaries, and, in the context of 
describing its operations and consolidated financial information, its VIEs in China, including but not limited to Tianying Jiuzhou and 
Fenghuang Ronghe. Investors in our ADSs are not purchasing equity interest in our operating entities in China, but instead are 
purchasing an equity interest in Phoenix New Media Limited, a Cayman Islands holding company. The VIEs are consolidated with 
our results of operations for accounting purposes. However, we do not own equity interest in Fenghuang Ronghe or Tianying Jiuzhou. 

4

Furthermore, Phoenix New Media Limited, as our holding company, does not conduct operating activities other than holding 
investment in certain of our equity investees.

Our PRC subsidiaries, the VIEs and their respective shareholders have entered into a series of contractual agreements, 
including loan agreements, equity pledge agreements, exclusive equity option agreements, exclusive technical consulting and service 
agreements, voting right entrustment agreements, and spousal consent letters. Terms contained in the contractual arrangements with 
each of the VIEs and their respective shareholders are substantially similar. For more details of these contractual arrangements, see 
“Item 4. Information on the Company—C. Organizational Structure—Contractual Arrangements with the VIEs.”

The contractual arrangements may not be as effective as ownership in providing us with control over the VIEs. If the VIEs or 
their shareholders fail to perform their respective obligations under these contractual arrangements, our recourse to the assets held by 
the VIEs is indirect and we may have to incur substantial costs and expend significant resources to enforce such arrangements in 
reliance on legal remedies under PRC law. These remedies may not always be effective, particularly in light of uncertainties regarding 
the interpretation and enforcement of the relevant laws and regulations. Furthermore, in connection with litigation, arbitration or other 
judicial or dispute resolution proceedings, assets under the name of any of record holder of equity interest in the VIEs, including such 
equity interest, may be put under court custody. As a consequence, we cannot be certain that the equity interest will be disposed 
pursuant to the contractual arrangement or ownership by the record holder of the equity interest. See “—D. Risk Factors—Risks 
Relating to Our Corporate Structure—We rely on contractual arrangements with the VIEs in China, and their shareholders, for our 
business operations, which may not be as effective in providing operational control or enabling us to derive economic benefits as 
through ownership of controlling equity interest,” and “—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure—The 
shareholders of the VIEs may have potential conflicts of interest with us.”

Our corporate structure is subject to risks associated with our contractual arrangements with the VIEs. Investors may never 

directly hold equity interest in the VIEs. If the PRC government finds that the agreements that establish the structure for operating our 
business do not comply with PRC laws and regulations, or if these regulations or their interpretations change in the future, we could be 
subject to severe penalties, forced to relinquish our interests in those operations or required to restructure our ownership structure or 
operations, including terminating the contractual arrangements with the VIEs or deregistering the equity pledge of the VIEs, which in 
turn would affect our ability to consolidate, derive economic interests from, or exert effective control over the VIEs and thus have a 
material effect on our operations and result in the value of our ADSs diminishing substantially and our ADSs may become worthless. 
Our holding company, our PRC subsidiaries, the VIEs, and investors of our company face uncertainty regarding potential future 
actions by the PRC government that could affect the enforceability of the contractual arrangements with the VIEs and, consequently, 
significantly affect the financial performance of the VIEs and our company as a whole.

There are also substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of current and future PRC laws, 

regulations and rules regarding the status of the rights of our Cayman Islands holding company with respect to its contractual 
arrangements with the VIEs and their respective shareholders. It is uncertain whether any new PRC laws or regulations relating to 
variable interest entity structures will be adopted or if adopted, what they would provide. If we or any of the VIEs is found to be in 
violation of any existing or future PRC laws or regulations, or fail to obtain or maintain any of the required permits or approvals, the 
relevant PRC regulatory authorities would have broad discretion in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations to take action 
in dealing with such violations or failures. See “—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure—If the PRC 
government finds that the agreements that establish the structure for operating our businesses in China do not comply with PRC 
governmental restrictions on foreign investment in Internet businesses, or if these regulations or the interpretation of existing 
regulations change in the future, we would be subject to severe penalties or be forced to relinquish our interests in those operations,” 
and “—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Doing Business in China—Uncertainties exist with respect to the interpretation and 
implementation of the Foreign Investment Law and how it may impact the viability of our current corporate structure, corporate 
governance and business operations.”

We face various legal and operational risks and uncertainties associated with being based in or having our operations 
primarily in China and the country’s complex and evolving laws and regulations. For example, we face risks associated with 
regulatory approvals on offerings conducted overseas by and foreign investment in China-based issuers, the use of the VIEs, anti-
monopoly regulatory actions, and oversight on cybersecurity and data privacy, which may impact our ability to conduct certain 
businesses, accept foreign investments, or list on a United States or other foreign exchange outside of China. These risks could result 
in a material adverse change in our operations and the value of our ADSs, significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer 
or continue to offer securities to investors, or cause the value of such securities to significantly decline or become worthless. For a 
detailed description of risks related to doing business in China, see “—D. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in China.” 
Furthermore, the Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act, as amended, or the HFCA Act, may affect our ability to maintain our 
listing on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE. See “—D. Risks Factors—Risks Relating to Doing Business in China— If the 
PCAOB determines that it is unable to inspect or investigate completely our auditor at any point in the future, our ADSs may be 
prohibited from trading in the United States under the HFCA Act, and any such trading prohibition on our ADSs or threat thereof may 
materially and adversely affect the price of our ADSs and value of your investment.”

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The Holding Foreign Companies Accountable Act

Pursuant to the HFCA Act, if the SEC determines that we have filed audit reports issued by a registered public accounting 

firm that has a branch or office that is located in a foreign jurisdiction and the U.S. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, or 
the PCAOB, has determined that it is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a position taken by an authority in the 
foreign jurisdiction, the SEC will identify us as a “covered issuer”, or SEC-identified issuer, shortly after we file with the SEC a report 
required under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act (such as our annual report on Form 20-F) that includes an 
audit report issued by such accounting firm, and if we are so identified for two consecutive years, the SEC will prohibit our securities 
(including our shares or the ADSs) from being traded on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter trading market in the 
United States. On December 16, 2021, the PCAOB issued a report to notify the SEC of its determination that the PCAOB was unable 
to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China and Hong Kong, including 
our auditor. In May 2022, the SEC conclusively listed us as an SEC-identified Issuer under the HFCA Act following the filing of our 
annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB issued a report that 
vacated its December 16, 2021 determination and removed mainland China and Hong Kong from the list of jurisdictions where it is 
unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms. As such, we were not identified as an SEC-identified 
Issuer under the HFCA Act after we filed our annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2022. However, the 
PCAOB may change its determination as to whether it can inspect and investigate completely audit firms in mainland China and Hong 
Kong, among other jurisdictions, at any time. If PCAOB determines in the future that it no longer has full access to inspect and 
investigate completely accounting firms in mainland China and Hong Kong and we continue to use an accounting firm headquartered 
in one of these jurisdictions to issue an audit report on our financial statements filed with the SEC, we may be identified as an SEC-
identified Issuer again. There can be no assurance that we will not be identified as an SEC-identified Issuer in the future, and if we are 
so identified for two consecutive years, our securities will become subject to the prohibition on trading under the HFCA Act. See 
“Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Doing Business in China— If the PCAOB determines that it is unable 
to inspect or investigate completely our auditor at any point in the future, our ADSs may be prohibited from trading in the United 
States under the HFCA Act, and any such trading prohibition on our ADSs or threat thereof may materially and adversely affect the 
price of our ADSs and value of your investment.”

Permissions Required from the PRC Authorities for Our Operations

We conduct our business primarily through our PRC subsidiaries and the VIEs in China. Our business operations in China are 

governed by PRC laws and regulations. As of the date of this annual report, our PRC subsidiaries and the VIEs have received all 
material permissions that are, or may be, required for our business operations in China, and no material permission has been denied 
from us by relevant authorities in China, except those as disclosed in “—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and 
Industry—Our lack of an Internet audio-visual program transmission license has exposed, and may continue to expose, us to 
administrative sanctions, including the banning of our paid mobile video services and video advertising services, which would 
materially and adversely affect our business and results of operation,” “—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and 
Industry—Our lack of an Internet news license may expose us to administrative sanctions, including an order to cease our Internet 
information services or to cease the Internet access services provided by third parties to us. In 2023, the vast majority of our total 
revenues were derived from Internet information services and services that relied on Internet access services from third parties,” “—D. 
Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—Failure to obtain NRTA’s approval for introducing and broadcasting 
foreign television programs could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business,” “—D. Risk Factors—Risks 
Relating to Our Business and Industry—Failure to obtain certain permits for our advertising services that contain drug-related 
information would subject us to penalties,” and “—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—If we fail to 
obtain or maintain all applicable permits and approvals, or fail to comply with PRC regulations, relating to Internet publishing 
services, our ability to conduct our digital reading business and certain other businesses could be affected and we could be subject to 
penalties and other administrative sanctions.” Given the uncertainties of interpretation and implementation of relevant laws and 
regulations and the enforcement practice by relevant government authorities, we may be required to obtain additional licenses, 
permits, filings or approvals for the functions and services of our platform in the future.

In connection with our issuance of securities to foreign investors, under currently effective PRC laws, regulations and 
regulatory rules, as of the date of this annual report, we, our PRC subsidiaries and the VIEs, (i) are not required to obtain permissions 
from the China Securities Regulatory Commission, or the CSRC, (ii) have not been involved in any cybersecurity review initiated by 
the Cyberspace Administration of China, or the CAC, and (iii) have not received or were denied such requisite permissions by any 
PRC authority.

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However, the PRC government has recently indicated an intent to exert more oversight and regulating over offerings that are 
conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers. For more detailed information, see “—D. Risk Factors—Risks 
Relating to Doing Business in China—The approval, filing or other requirements of the CSRC, CAC or other PRC government 
authorities may be required under PRC law in connection with our issuance of securities overseas. Our failure to obtain these 
approvals, if required, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, reputation and trading price of our 
ADSs.”

Cash and Asset Flows through Our Organization

Under PRC law, we may provide funding to our PRC subsidiaries only through capital contributions or loans, and to the VIEs 

only through loans, subject to satisfaction of applicable government registration and approval requirements. For risks relating to the 
fund flows of our operations in China, see “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Doing Business in China—We 
rely on dividends and other distributions on equity from our PRC subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we have, 
and any limitation on the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to pay dividends to us could have a material adverse effect on our ability to 
conduct our business.”

Phoenix New Media Limited transfers cash to our wholly-owned Hong Kong subsidiaries, by making capital contributions or 

providing loans, and our Hong Kong subsidiaries transfer cash to our PRC subsidiaries by making capital contributions or providing 
loans to them. Because Phoenix New Media Limited and our subsidiaries have the power to direct the activities that most significantly 
impact the economic performance of the VIEs and provide them with economic benefits of the VIEs through contractual 
arrangements, they are not able to make direct capital contribution to the VIEs and their subsidiaries. However, they may transfer cash 
to the VIEs by loans or by making payment to the VIEs for inter-group transactions. 

Prior to January 1, 2021, Phoenix New Media Limited, through its intermediate holding companies, provided capital 
contribution of RMB527.7 million to its subsidiaries in China. In 2021, the primary beneficiary of the VIEs withdrew RMB9.6 million 
of investment in the VIEs during the contractual reorganization incurred in 2021, under which Fenghuang On-line terminated the 
contractual agreements with Yifeng Lianhe and then entered into a series of new contractual arrangements with Fenghuang Ronghe. In 
2022, Qieyiyou (Beijing) Information Technology Co., Ltd., or Qieyiyou, terminated the contractual agreements with Beijing 
Chenhuan Technology Co., Ltd., or Chenhuan. In 2023, our subsidiaries returned capital contribution of RMB19.7 million 
(US$2.8 million) to Phoenix New Media Limited. 

As of January 1, 2021, our subsidiaries had debt financing from Phoenix New Media Limited of RMB851.8 million and the 
VIEs had debt financing from our subsidiaries of RMB656.5 million. Our subsidiaries repaid RMB39.2 million of debt financing to 
Phoenix New Media Limited in 2021, received RMB0.06 million of debt financing from Phoenix New Media Limited in 2022 and 
repaid RMB10.3 million (US$1.5 million) of debt financing to Phoenix New Media Limited in 2023. The VIEs repaid RMB33.4 
million and RMB77.6 million of debt financing to our subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022, respectively, and 
received RMB229.9 million (US$32.4 million) of debt financing from our subsidiaries in 2023.

For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, no dividends or distributions were made to Phoenix New Media 
Limited by our subsidiaries. Under PRC laws and regulations, our PRC subsidiaries and the VIEs are subject to certain restrictions 
with respect to paying dividends or otherwise transferring any of their net assets to us. Remittance of dividends by a wholly foreign-
owned enterprise out of China is also subject to examination by the banks designated by SAFE. The amounts restricted include the 
paid-up capital and the statutory reserve funds of our PRC subsidiaries and the VIEs, totaling RMB646.3 million, RMB409.3 million 
and RMB481.2 million (US$67.8 million) as of December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. Furthermore, cash transfers from 
our PRC subsidiaries to entities outside of China are subject to PRC government regulations of currency conversion. Shortages in the 
availability of foreign currency may temporarily delay the ability of our PRC subsidiaries and VIEs to remit sufficient foreign 
currency to pay dividends or other payments to us, or otherwise satisfy their foreign currency denominated obligations. For risks 
relating to the fund flows of our operations in China, see “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Doing Business 
in China—We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity from our PRC subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing 
requirements we have, and any limitation on the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to pay dividends to us could have a material adverse 
effect on our ability to conduct our business.” We do not have a cash management policy to dictate how funds are transferred between 
the VIEs and our subsidiaries.

Phoenix New Media Limited has no present plan to pay any cash dividends on our ordinary shares in the foreseeable future. 
We currently intend to retain most, if not all, of our available funds and any future earnings to operate and expand our business. See 
“Item 8. Financial Information—A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information—Dividend Policy.” For PRC and 
United States federal income tax considerations of an investment in our ADSs, see “Item 10. Additional Information—E. Taxation.”

For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, no assets other than cash were transferred through our organization. 

7

Taxation on Dividends or Distributions

Phoenix New Media Limited’s source of dividend partly comes from dividends paid by our PRC subsidiaries, including the 

primary beneficiary of the VIEs, which in part depends on payments received from the VIEs under the contractual arrangements with 
the VIEs. None of our subsidiaries has declared or paid any dividend or distribution to Phoenix New Media Limited. Phoenix New 
Media Limited does not have any present plan to pay any cash dividends on its ordinary shares in the foreseeable future and we 
currently intend to retain most, if not all, of our available funds and any future earnings to fund the development and growth of our 
business. The undistributed earnings that are subject to dividend tax are expected to be indefinitely reinvested for the foreseeable 
future.

For purposes of illustration, the following discussion reflects the hypothetical taxes that we might be required to pay within 

mainland China, assuming that: (i) we have taxable earnings, and (ii) we determine to pay a dividend in the future:

Hypothetical pre-tax earnings (2)
Tax on earnings at statutory rate of 25% (3)
Net earnings available for distribution
Withholding tax at standard rate of 10% (4)
Net distribution to Parent/Shareholders

Notes:

Tax calculation (1)

100.0 %
(25.0) %
75.0 %
(7.5) %
67.5 %

(1) For purposes of this example, the tax calculation has been simplified. The hypothetical book pre-tax earnings amount, not 

considering timing differences, is assumed to equal taxable income in China.

(2) Under the terms of VIE agreements, our PRC subsidiaries may charge the VIEs for services provided to VIEs. These service 
fees shall be recognized as expenses of the VIEs, with a corresponding amount as revenues by our PRC subsidiaries and 
eliminate in consolidation. For income tax purposes, our PRC subsidiaries and VIEs file income tax returns on a separate 
company basis. The service fees paid are recognized as a tax deduction by the VIEs and as income by our PRC subsidiaries 
and are tax neutral.

(3) Certain of our subsidiaries and the VIEs qualify for a 15% preferential income tax rate in China. However, such rate is 

subject to qualification, is temporary in nature, and may not be available in a future period when distributions are paid. For 
purposes of this hypothetical example, the table above reflects a maximum tax scenario under which the full statutory rate 
would be effective.

(4) The PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law imposes a withholding income tax of 10% on dividends distributed by a foreign 

invested enterprise, or FIE, to its immediate holding company outside of China. A lower withholding income tax rate of 5% 
is applied if the FIE’s immediate holding company is registered in Hong Kong or other jurisdictions that have a tax treaty 
arrangement with China, subject to a qualification review at the time of the distribution. For purposes of this hypothetical 
example, the table above assumes a maximum tax scenario under which the full withholding tax would be applied.

The table above has been prepared under the assumption that all profits of the VIEs will be distributed as fees to our PRC 

subsidiaries under tax neutral contractual arrangements. If, in the future, the accumulated earnings of the VIEs exceed the service fees 
paid to our PRC subsidiaries (or if the current and contemplated fee structure between the inter-company entities is determined to be 
non-substantive and disallowed by Chinese tax authorities), the VIEs could make a non-deductible transfer to our PRC subsidiaries for 
the amounts of the stranded cash in the VIEs. This would result in such transfer being non-deductible expenses for the VIEs but still 
taxable income for the PRC subsidiaries. Our management believes that there is only a remote possibility that this scenario would 
happen.

8

Financial Information Related to the VIEs 

The following tables present the condensed consolidating schedule of financial performance, financial position and cash flows 

for the VIEs and other entities for the periods and as of the dates presented.

Selected Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations Data

For the Year Ended December 31, 2023

Phoenix New 
Media 
Limited

Other 
Subsidiaries

Primary 
Beneficiary of 
the VIEs

The VIEs and 
the VIEs’ 
Subsidiaries

RMB (in thousands)

Eliminating  
Adjustments

Consolidated 
Totals

Inter-company revenues (1) (4)
Third-party revenues
Inter-company cost of revenues (1) (4)
Third-party cost of revenues

Gross profit

Total operating expenses

Loss from operations

(Loss)/income from non-operations
Share of (loss)/income from the subsidiaries (2)
Loss from the VIEs (2)

Loss before tax

Income tax expense

Net loss

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

Net loss attributable to Phoenix New Media Limited

—
—
—
—
—
(16,902)
(16,902)
(3,237)
(82,357)
—
(102,496)
—
(102,496)
—
(102,496)

10,756
391,735
(60,419)
(228,735)
113,337
(123,335)
(9,998)
29,600
(99,969)
—
(80,367)
(2,458)
(82,825)
468
(82,357)

33,285
—
—
(21,876)
11,409
(81,102)
(69,693)
4,581
3,462
(34,857)
(96,507)
—
(96,507)
—
(96,507)

40,136
300,285
(23,035)
(213,534)
103,852
(133,138)
(29,286)
(1,204)
—
—
(30,490)
(10,518)
(41,008)
6,151
(34,857)

(84,177)
—
83,454
—
(723)
905
182
(182)
178,864
34,857
213,721
—
213,721
—
213,721

—
692,020
—
(464,145)
227,875
(353,572)
(125,697)
29,558
—
—
(96,139)
(12,976)
(109,115)
6,619
(102,496)

For the Year Ended December 31, 2022

Phoenix New 
Media 
Limited

Other 
Subsidiaries

Primary 
Beneficiary of 
the VIEs

The VIEs and 
the VIEs’ 
Subsidiaries

RMB (in thousands)

Eliminating  
Adjustments

Consolidated 
Totals

Inter-company revenues (1) (4)
Third-party revenues
Inter-company cost of revenues (1) (4)
Third-party cost of revenues

Gross profit

Total operating expenses

(Loss)/income from operations

(Loss)/income from non-operations
Share of (loss)/income from the subsidiaries (2)
Loss from the VIEs (2)

Loss before tax

Income tax benefit/(expense)

Net loss

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

Net loss attributable to Phoenix New Media Limited

—
—
—
—
—
(16,945)
(16,945)
(33,291)
(123,773)
—
(174,009)
64,357
(109,652)
—
(109,652)

6,862
435,987
(26,368)
(243,133)
173,348
(141,735)
31,613
22,123
(178,684)
—
(124,948)
(1,706)
(126,654)
2,881
(123,773)

8,199
(8)
—
(55,817)
(47,626)
(108,785)
(156,411)
7,717
21,380
(30,712)
(158,026)
722
(157,304)
—
(157,304)

26,392
349,728
(13,714)
(249,555)
112,851
(171,803)
(58,952)
8,033
—
—
(50,919)
7,021
(43,898)
13,186
(30,712)

(41,453)
—
40,082
—
(1,371)
10,631
9,260
(9,260)
281,077
30,712
311,789
—
311,789
—
311,789

—
785,707
—
(548,505)
237,202
(428,637)
(191,435)
(4,678)
—
—
(196,113)
70,394
(125,719)
16,067
(109,652)

9

Phoenix New 
Media 
Limited

Other 
Subsidiaries

For the Year Ended December 31, 2021

Primary 
Beneficiary of 
the VIEs

The VIEs and 
the VIEs’ 
Subsidiaries

RMB (in thousands)

Eliminating  
Adjustments

Consolidated 
Totals

—
—
—
—
—
(16,556)
(16,556)
10,930
(200,075)
—
(205,701)
—
(205,701)

—

6,769
570,038
(48,736)
(299,015)
229,056
(228,824)
232
42,265
(228,466)
—
(185,969)
(14,028)
(199,997)

(78)

36,020
8
—
(58,723)
(22,695)
(122,595)
(145,290)
2,955
1,038
(86,131)
(227,428)
—
(227,428)

—

27,038
460,285
(19,845)
(239,659)
227,819
(402,300)
(174,481)
27,460
—
—
(147,021)
(6,553)
(153,574)

67,443

(69,827)
—
68,581
—
(1,246)
1,246
—
—
427,503
86,131
513,634
—
513,634

—

—
1,030,331
—
(597,397)
432,934
(769,029)
(336,095)
83,610
—
—
(252,485)
(20,581)
(273,066)

67,365

(205,701)

(200,075)

(227,428)

(86,131)

513,634

(205,701)

Inter-company revenues (1) (4)
Third-party revenues
Inter-company cost of revenues (1) (4)
Third-party cost of revenues

Gross profit

Total operating expenses

(Loss)/income from operations
Income from non-operations
Share of (loss)/income from the subsidiaries (2)
Loss from the VIEs (2)

Loss before tax

Income tax expense

Net loss

Net (income)/loss attributable to noncontrolling 
interests

Net loss attributable to Phoenix New Media 
Limited

10

Selected Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets Data

ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents
Term deposits and short-term investments
Restricted cash
Accounts receivable, net
Amounts due from related parties
Amount due from inter-company entities (3)
Property and equipment, net
Intangible assets, net
Available-for-sale debt investments
Investment in the subsidiaries (2)
Contractual interests in the VIEs (2)
Equity investments, net
Deferred income tax assets, net
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net
Prepayment and other assets

Total assets
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' 
EQUITY/(DEFICIT)
Liabilities

Accounts payable
Taxes payable
Amount due to inter-company entities (3)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities

Total liabilities

Total Phoenix New Media Limited shareholders' 
equity/(deficit)
Non-controlling interests

Total shareholders' equity/(deficit) (2)
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity/(deficit)

Phoenix New 
Media 
Limited

Other 
Subsidiaries

As of December 31, 2023

Primary 
Beneficiary of 
the VIEs

The VIEs and 
the VIEs’ 
Subsidiaries

RMB (in thousands)

Eliminating  
Adjustments

Consolidated 
Totals

21,538
—
—
—
—
897,329
—
—
309
535,839
—
—
—
—
6,838
1,461,853

—
—
235,681
1,160
236,841

1,225,012

—
1,225,012
1,461,853

332,033
249,157
—
209,045
26,240
594,615
2,444
1,704
—
177,186
—
13,000
42,329
33,756
17,671
1,699,180

84,820
106,692
845,523
122,270
1,159,305

540,837

(962)
539,875
1,699,180

62,878
142,511
—
—
1
422,715
3,514
2,528
—
379,797
(353,798)
—
—
5,708
4,041
669,895

3
(8,794)
99,009
27,692
117,910

551,985

—
551,985
669,895

110,958
167,097
7,049
84,809
31,204
55,006
1,279
15,818
—
—
—
88,221
27,841
28,486
18,737
636,505

37,310
72,581
789,452
151,387
1,050,730

(353,798)

(60,427)
(414,225)
636,505

—
—
—
—
—
(1,969,665)
—
—
—
(1,092,822)
353,798
—
—
—
—
(2,708,689)

—
—
(1,969,665)
—
(1,969,665)

527,407
558,765
7,049
293,854
57,445
—
7,237
20,050
309
—
—
101,221
70,170
67,950
47,287
1,758,744

122,133
170,479
—
302,509
595,121

(739,024)

1,225,012

—
(739,024)
(2,708,689)

(61,389)
1,163,623
1,758,744

11

ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents
Term deposits and short-term investments
Restricted cash
Accounts receivable, net
Amounts due from related parties
Amount due from inter-company entities (3)
Property and equipment, net
Intangible assets, net
Available-for-sale debt investments
Investment in the subsidiaries (2)
Contractual interests in the VIEs (2)
Equity investments, net
Deferred income tax assets, net
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net
Prepayment and other assets

Total assets
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' 
EQUITY/(DEFICIT)
Liabilities

Accounts payable
Taxes payable
Amount due to inter-company entities (3)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities

Total liabilities

Total Phoenix New Media Limited shareholders' 
equity/(deficit)
Non-controlling interests

Total shareholders' equity/(deficit) (2)
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity/(deficit)

Phoenix New 
Media 
Limited

Other 
Subsidiaries

As of December 31, 2022

Primary 
Beneficiary of 
the VIEs

The VIEs and 
the VIEs’ 
Subsidiaries

RMB (in thousands)

Eliminating  
Adjustments

Consolidated 
Totals

10,552
2,503
—
—
—
888,083
—
—
304
641,218
—
—
—
—
3,798
1,546,458

—
—
223,087
3,926
227,013

1,319,445

—
1,319,445
1,546,458

47,310
918,464
—
253,043
11,989
565,788
4,652
2,158
—
294,631
—
13,000
42,291
50,092
13,339
2,216,757

115,646
111,019
1,187,210
156,610
1,570,485

646,218

54
646,272
2,216,757

4,494
114,381
—
—
1
715,223
5,812
3,482
—
376,336
(319,535)
—
—
7,165
10,243
917,602

3,947
(9,849)
232,931
24,608
251,637

665,965

—
665,965
917,602

33,626
14,207
9,055
175,544
34,225
124,932
2,627
23,486
—
—
—
101,389
46,769
46,294
24,529
636,683

57,363
82,355
650,800
219,976
1,010,494

(319,535)

(54,276)
(373,811)
636,683

—
—
—
—
—
(2,294,026)
—
—
—
(1,312,185)
319,535
—
—
—
—
(3,286,676)

—
—
(2,294,028)
—
(2,294,028)

95,982
1,049,555
9,055
428,587
46,215
—
13,091
29,126
304
—
—
114,389
89,060
103,551
51,909
2,030,824

176,956
183,525
—
405,120
765,601

(992,648)

1,319,445

—
(992,648)
(3,286,676)

(54,222)
1,265,223
2,030,824

12

Selected Condensed Consolidated Cash Flows Data

For the Year Ended December 31, 2023

Phoenix New 
Media 
Limited

Other 
Subsidiaries

Primary 
Beneficiary of 
the VIEs

The VIEs and 
the VIEs’ 
Subsidiaries

RMB (in thousands)

Eliminating  
Adjustments

Consolidated 
Totals

—

(41,003)

45,888

(20,850)

(20,850)
—
19,722
2,437
22,159

10,332

—
(655)
9,677

42,194

1,191
(19,354)
19,718
666,648
667,012

(366,804)

(19,722)
—
(386,526)

(87,351)

(41,463)
294,377
—
(26,411)
267,966

(148,401)

(19,718)
—
(168,119)

(4,885)

5,180

295
72,427
—
(154,830)
(82,403)

157,423

—
—
157,423

—

—

—
(347,450)
(39,440)
—
(386,890)

347,450

39,440
—
386,890

—

(60,827)

(60,827)
—
—
487,844
487,844

—

—
(655)
(655)

For the Year Ended December 31, 2022

Phoenix New 
Media 
Limited

Other 
Subsidiaries

Primary 
Beneficiary of 
the VIEs

The VIEs and 
the VIEs’ 
Subsidiaries

RMB (in thousands)

Eliminating  
Adjustments

Consolidated 
Totals

—

(20,974)
(20,974)
—
(2,437)
(2,437)

(64)

—
(64)

(73,131)

(76,278)
(149,409)
(133,771)
(219,029)
(352,800)

459,672

—
459,672

27,363

(153,051)
(125,688)
(381,921)
371,017
(10,904)

133,712

—
133,712

45,768

(62,108)
(16,340)
(77,751)
79,148
1,397

123

—
123

—

—
—
593,443
—
593,443

(593,443)

—
(593,443)

—

(312,411)
(312,411)
—
228,699
228,699

—

—
—

For the Year Ended December 31, 2021

Phoenix New 
Media 
Limited

Other 
Subsidiaries

Primary 
Beneficiary of 
the VIEs

The VIEs and 
the VIEs’ 
Subsidiaries

RMB (in thousands)

—

(80,713)

125,241

(44,528)

(34,801)

(34,801)
—

—

—

—
—
—

—

39,171

4,725
43,896

132,082

51,369
—

—

(20,701)

(95,358)
(116,059)
—

—

11,958

—
11,958

(164,863)

(39,622)
(400)

10,000

42,414

(40,329)
11,685
—

(75,240)

(119,768)
—

—

(12,523)

93,034
80,511
400

—

(10,000)

(39,429)

(8,025)
(47,454)

(20,890)

(240)
(30,730)

Eliminating  
Adjustments

Consolidated 
Totals

—

—

—
400

(10,000)

(9,190)

—
(18,790)
(400)

10,000

9,190

—
18,790

—

(142,822)

(142,822)
—

—

—

(42,653)
(42,653)
—

—

—

(3,540)
(3,540)

Net cash (used in)/provided by transactions with 
inter-company entities
Net cash (used in)/provided by transactions with 
third parties

Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities

Loans (paid to)/repaid by inter-company entities (3)
Return of capital from subsidiaries
Other investing activities

Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities
Proceeds from/(repayment) of loans from inter-
company entities (3)
Return of capital to parent companies
Other financing activities

Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities

Net cash (used in)/provided by transactions with 
inter-company entities
Net cash used in transactions with third parties

Net cash used in operating activities

Loans paid to inter-company entities (3)
Other investing activities

Net cash (used in)/provided by investing activities
(Repayment of)/proceeds from loans from inter-
company entities (3)
Other financing activities

Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activities

Net cash (used in)/provided by transactions with 
inter-company entities
Net cash (used in)/provided by transactions with 
third parties

Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities

Investment in inter-company entities (5)
Repatriation of capital to facilitate the reorganization 
(5)
Loans (paid to)/collected from inter-company entities 
(3)
Other investing activities

Net cash (used in)/provided by investing activities
Investments from inter-company entities (5)
Repatriation of capital to facilitate the reorganization 
(5)
Proceeds from/(repayment of) loans from inter-
company entities (3)
Other financing activities

Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities

Notes:

(1) It represents the elimination of the inter-company service charge at the consolidation level.

(2) It represents the elimination of the investment among Phoenix New Media Limited, other subsidiaries, primary beneficiary of 

the VIEs, and the VIEs and subsidiaries of the VIEs as well as share of loss from subsidiaries and VIEs.

13

(3) It represents the elimination of inter-company balances, transactions and cash flows among Phoenix New Media Limited, 

other subsidiaries, primary beneficiary of the VIEs, and the VIEs and subsidiaries of the VIEs.

(4) For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, the VIEs have incurred RMB16.8 million, RMB13.5 million and 
RMB23.0 million (US$3.2 million), respectively, in fees related to technical services provided to the subsidiaries and 
subsidiaries concurrently recognized same amounts as revenues. 

(5) In March 2021, shareholders of Yifeng Lianhe transferred all of their equity interest in Yifeng Lianhe to Fenghuang Ronghe, 
and Yifeng Lianhe became a wholly owned subsidiary of Fenghuang Ronghe. Fenghuang On-line terminated the contractual 
agreements with Yifeng Lianhe and then entered into a series of new contractual arrangements with Fenghuang Ronghe. The 
contractual arrangements with Fenghuang Ronghe and their respective shareholders allow us to have the power to direct the 
activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Fenghuang Ronghe and its subsidiary, Yifeng Lianhe, 
and to derive substantially all of the economic benefits from them. During the reorganization, Fenghuang On-line withdrew 
RMB10.0 million of investment in Yifeng Lianhe and invested RMB0.4 million in Fenghuang Ronghe through contractual 
agreements. In 2022, Qieyiyou terminated the contractual agreements with Chenhuan.

A.

B.

[Reserved]

Capitalization and Indebtedness

Not required.

C.

Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds

Not required.

D.

Risk Factors

Summary of Risk Factors

Investing in our ADSs involves significant risks. You should carefully consider all of the information in this prospectus 
before making an investment in our ADSs. Below please find a summary of the material risks we face, organized under relevant 
headings.

Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry

Risks and uncertainties relating to our business and industry include, but are not limited to, the following: 

•

•

•

•

•

•

Due to the rapidly evolving market in which we operate, our historical results may not be indicative of our future 
performance and there can be no assurance that we will be able to meet internal or external expectations of future 
performance. (Page 17)

We expect to continue to rely on advertising to drive a significant portion of our future revenues, and if we fail to retain 
existing advertisers or attract new advertisers for our advertising services, our business, operating results and growth 
prospects could be materially affected. (Page 17)

We may not be successful in growing our mobile Internet related business and our revenue growth could be negatively 
impacted. (Page 18)

We rely in part on application marketplaces, Internet search engines, navigation sites, web browsers and other social 
media platforms to drive traffic to our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform 
accounts, and if we fail to appear near the top of such search results or rankings, traffic to our PC websites, mobile 
applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts could decline and our business and operating results could 
be adversely affected. (Page 18)

If we are unable to successfully expand our mobile strategy and increase our mobile advertising revenues, our business, 
operating results and growth prospects could be materially affected. (Page 19)

Newsfeed advertising is an important mobile advertising format in China. If we are unable to successfully develop our 
newsfeed advertising solution and adapt to new changes in advertising formats and trends, our mobile advertising 
revenues may be materially and adversely affected. (Page 19)

14

•

•

•

•

Any failure to retain large advertising agencies or attract new agencies on reasonable terms could materially and adversely 
affect our business. If advertising agencies demand higher service fees, our gross margin may be negatively affected. 
(Page 19)

If we fail to continue to anticipate user preferences and provide high quality content that attracts and retains users, or if we 
have to cease providing certain content in order to comply with changing regulatory requirements, we may not be able to 
generate sufficient user traffic to remain competitive. (Page 20)

If we have to limit or suspend our services in order to comply with changing and increasingly stringent regulatory 
requirements, our business, financial condition and results of operation may be materially adversely affected. (Page 20)

If we fail to successfully develop and introduce new products and services to meet the preferences of users, our 
competitive position and ability to generate revenues could be harmed. (Page 20)

Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure

Risks and uncertainties relating to our corporate structure include, but are not limited to, the following: 

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Phoenix TV (BVI) owns our Class B ordinary shares with 1.3 votes per share, allowing it and Phoenix TV to exercise 
control over matters subject to shareholder approval, and their interests may not be aligned with the interests of our other 
shareholders. (Page 41)

We may have conflicts of interest with Phoenix TV and, because of Phoenix TV’s controlling beneficial ownership 
interest in our company, may not be able to resolve such conflicts on terms favorable for us. (Page 41)

If the PRC government finds that the agreements that establish the structure for operating our businesses in China do not 
comply with PRC governmental restrictions on foreign investment in Internet businesses, or if these regulations or the 
interpretation of existing regulations change in the future, we would be subject to severe penalties or be forced to 
relinquish our interests in those operations. (Page 41)

We rely on contractual arrangements with the VIEs in China, and their shareholders, for our business operations, which 
may not be as effective in providing operational control or enabling us to derive economic benefits as through ownership 
of controlling equity interest. (Page 42)

The shareholders of the VIEs may have potential conflicts of interest with us. (Page 43)

The contractual arrangements with the VIEs may be subject to scrutiny by the PRC tax authorities and may result in a 
finding that we owe additional taxes or are ineligible for tax exemption, or both, which could substantially increase our 
taxes owed and thereby reduce our net income. (Page 43)

We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity from our PRC subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing 
requirements we have, and any limitation on the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to pay dividends to us could have a 
material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business. (Page 43)

Strengthened scrutiny over acquisition and disposition transactions by the PRC tax authorities may have a negative impact 
on us or your disposition of our shares or ADS. (Page 44)

Risks Relating to Doing Business in China

We are subject to risks and uncertainties relating to doing business in China in general, including, but are not limited to, the 

following: 

•

•

•

•

•

Adverse changes in political and economic policies of the PRC government could have a material adverse effect on the 
overall economic growth of China, which could reduce the demand for our services and materially and adversely affect 
our competitive position. (Page 45)

Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system could limit the protections available to you and us. (Page 45)

Fluctuations in exchange rates of the Renminbi could materially affect our reported operating results. (Page 46)

The ability of U.S. authorities to bring actions for violations of U.S. securities law and regulations against us, our 
directors, executive officers or the expert named in this annual report may be limited and therefore you may not be 
afforded the same protection as provided to investors in U.S. domestic companies. (Page 46)

You may experience difficulties in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing original 
actions in China, based on United States or other foreign laws, against us, our directors, executive officers or the experts 

15

named in this annual report and therefore you may not be able to enjoy the protection of such laws in an effective manner. 
(Page 47)

PRC regulation of loans and direct investment by offshore holding companies to PRC entities may delay or prevent us 
from using the net proceeds from any offshore financing that we may undertake in the future to make loans or additional 
capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries and the VIEs. (Page 47)

If the PRC government finds that our PRC beneficial owners are subject to the SAFE registration requirement under 
SAFE Circular 37 and the relevant implementing rules and our PRC beneficial owners fail to comply with such 
registration requirements, such PRC beneficial owners may be subject to personal liability, our ability to acquire PRC 
companies or to inject capital into our PRC subsidiaries may be limited, our PRC subsidiaries’ ability to distribute profits 
to us may be limited, or our business may be otherwise materially and adversely affected. (Page 48)

Failure to comply with PRC regulations regarding the registration requirements for stock incentive plans may subject the 
plan participants or us to fines and other legal or administrative sanctions. (Page 49)

The approval, filing or other requirements of the CSRC, CAC or other PRC government authorities may be required under 
PRC law in connection with our issuance of securities overseas. Our failure to obtain these approvals, if required, could 
have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, reputation and trading price of our ADSs. (Page 49)

The approval of MOFCOM may be required in connection with the establishment of our contractual arrangements with 
the VIEs. Our failure to obtain this approval, if required, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating 
results, reputation and trading price of our ADSs. (Page 50)

Governmental regulations of currency conversion may affect the value of your investment. (Page 51)

Dividends we receive from our PRC subsidiaries located in the PRC may be subject to PRC withholding tax. (Page 51)

We may be deemed a PRC resident enterprise under the CIT Law and be subject to the PRC taxation on our worldwide 
income. (Page 51)

Dividends payable by us to our foreign investors and gain on the sale of our ADSs or ordinary shares may become subject 
to taxes under PRC tax laws. (Page 51)

We may be required to register our operating offices not located at our residence addresses as branch companies under 
PRC law. (Page 52)

We could be adversely affected by political tensions between the United States and China. (Page 52)

The PCAOB had historically been unable to inspect our auditor in relation to their audit work performed for our financial 
statements and the inability of the PCAOB to conduct inspections of our auditor in the past has deprived our investors 
with the benefits of such inspections. (Page 53)

If the PCAOB determines that it is unable to inspect or investigate completely our auditor at any point in the future, our 
ADSs may be prohibited from trading in the United States under the HFCA Act, and any such trading prohibition on our 
ADSs or threat thereof may materially and adversely affect the price of our ADSs and value of your investment. (Page 53)

Proceedings instituted by the SEC against certain PRC-based accounting firms, including our independent registered 
public accounting firm, could result in financial statements being determined to not be in compliance with the 
requirements of the Exchange Act. (Page 54)

Uncertainties exist with respect to the interpretation and implementation of the Foreign Investment Law and how it may 
impact the viability of our current corporate structure, corporate governance and business operations. (Page 54)

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Risks Relating to Our ADSs

Risks relating to our ADSs include, but not limited to, the following:

The market price for our ADSs may be volatile which could result in a loss to you. (Page 55)

Substantial future sales or perceived sales of our ADSs in the public market could cause the price of our ADSs to decline. 
(Page 55)

Our dual-class ordinary share structure with different voting rights could discourage others from pursuing any change of 
control transactions that holders of our Class A ordinary shares and ADSs may view as beneficial. (Page 56)

•

•

•

16

Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry

Due to the rapidly evolving market in which we operate, our historical results may not be indicative of our future performance and 
there can be no assurance that we will be able to meet internal or external expectations of future performance.

The Internet industry is rapidly evolving and new products, new business models and new players emerge on a regular basis, 
and we may not be able to achieve results or growth in future periods as we expected. Due to the rapidly evolving market in which we 
operate, our historical year-over-year and quarter-over-quarter trends may not provide an accurate or reliable indication of our future 
performance. For certain lines of our business, we have experienced growth trends in the past and for other lines of our business, we 
have experienced declining trends. Our ability to achieve profitability depends on, among other factors, the growth of the Internet 
advertising market and mobile Internet services industry in China, our ability to maintain cooperative relationships with Phoenix TV 
and mobile operators, our ability to control our costs and expenses and the continued relevance and usage of our various paid services. 
We may not be able to achieve or sustain profitability on a quarterly or annual basis. Accordingly, our historical performance may not 
be indicative of our future performance. In addition, our online advertising business may suffer from price competition from other 
online advertising companies. We may have to reduce our profit margins or operate at a loss in order to adequately fund critical 
innovations that we believe will create value for our company and strengthen our market position over the long term. In the past our 
operating results have failed to meet expectations of industry analysts and investors, and our future operating results may also fail to 
meet such expectations. There can be no assurance that we will be able to meet internal or external expectations of future 
performance, and our share price may decline as a result of any failure to meet such expectations.

We expect to continue to rely on advertising to drive a significant portion of our future revenues, and if we fail to retain existing 
advertisers or attract new advertisers for our advertising services, our business, operating results and growth prospects could be 
materially affected.

In 2021, 2022 and 2023, we generated 90.3%, 88.7% and 89.5% of our total revenues from advertising services, respectively. 

Going forward, we expect our net advertising revenues to continue to contribute the majority of our total revenues. Our ability to 
generate and maintain substantial advertising revenues will depend on a number of factors, many of which are ultimately beyond our 
control, including but not limited to:

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

the acceptance of online (including mobile and PC-based) advertising as an effective way for advertisers to market their 
businesses;

the maintenance and enhancement of our brand;

the maintenance and development of advertising technology, such as the maintenance of advertising data base and 
advertising placement platform, and the ability to prevent computer virus attack;

the maintenance and development of our programmatic advertising platforms. We launched our self-developed demand-
side platform, or DSP, Fengyu (“￿羽”) in 2017. In addition, we launched Fengyi (“￿翼”) in 2018, another customizable 
marketing solution, catering to premium advertising demands to help our brand advertising clients track and improve the 
performance of their applications. Besides, we also launched Fengfei (“￿￿”), an advertising platform enables mobile 
application developers with less traffic to access our commercial resources, advertising data, and service capabilities 
through a set of advertising monetization solutions. The global macroeconomic uncertainties, more stringent local 
regulations on advertisements and more intense competition may slowdown the growth of our programmatic advertising 
platforms. Our ability to maintain and upgrade Fengyu, Fengyi, Fengfei and their related platforms, such as data 
management platform and advertisement exchange platform, is crucial to our advertising services and we cannot assure 
you that such revenue generated from our programmatic advertising platforms will not decline in the future; 

the development of independent and reliable means of measuring online traffic and verifying the effectiveness of our 
online advertising services;

the development and retention of a large user base with attractive demographics for advertisers; and

our ability to have continued success with innovative advertising services.

17

Our advertisers may choose to reduce or discontinue their business with us if they believe their advertising spending has not 

generated or would not generate enough sales to end customers or has not improved or would not effectively improve their brand 
recognition. In addition, certain technologies could potentially be developed and applied to block the display of our online 
advertisements and other marketing products on PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts, 
which may in turn cause us to lose advertisers and adversely affect our operating results. Moreover, changes in government policies 
could restrict or curtail our online advertising services. Failure to retain our existing advertisers or attract new advertisers for our 
advertising services could seriously harm our business, operating results and growth prospects.

We may not be successful in growing our mobile Internet related business and our revenue growth could be negatively impacted.

The growth of the mobile Internet services and applications and the level of demand and market acceptance of our services 
are subject to many uncertainties. The development of this market and our ability to derive revenues from this market depends on a 
number of factors, some of which are beyond our control, including but not limited to:

•

•

•

•

•

the growth rate of mobile Internet industry in China;

changes in consumer demographics and preferences;

development in mobile device platform technologies and mobile Internet distribution channels;

changes in government policies, regulations or their enforcement with respect to various types of mobile Internet services 
and applications; and

potential competition from more established companies that decide to enter the mobile Internet market.

We rely in part on application marketplaces, Internet search engines, navigation sites, web browsers and other social media 
platforms to drive traffic to our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts, and if we fail 
to appear near the top of such search results or rankings, traffic to our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and 
third-party platform accounts could decline and our business and operating results could be adversely affected.

We rely on application marketplaces, such as Apple’s iOS App Store, and other handset manufactures’ Android App Store, to 
drive downloads of mobile applications of our products, including ifeng News, ifeng Video and our digital reading applications. In the 
future, iOS App Store, Android stores or other operators of application marketplaces may make changes to their marketplaces, which 
could hinder or impede access to our products and services. We also depend in part on Internet search engines, navigation sites and 
web browsers, such as Baidu, Sougou, Hao123, Hao360, UC Browser, 360 Browser and Cheetah Browser, to drive traffic to our PC 
websites and referrals to our mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts. For example, when a user types 
an inquiry into a search engine, we rely on a high organic search result ranking of our webpages in these search results to refer users to 
our websites. However, our ability to maintain high organic search result rankings is not totally within our control. Our competitors’ 
search engine optimization, or SEO, efforts may result in their websites receiving a higher search result page ranking than ours, or 
Internet search engines could revise their methodologies in a way that would adversely affect our search result rankings. If Internet 
search engines modify their search algorithms or other methodologies in ways that are detrimental to us, or if our competitors’ SEO 
efforts are more successful than ours, the growth in our user base could be adversely affected. In addition, navigation websites or web 
browsers might reduce the recommendation of our products for various reasons from time to time. We also rely on other social media 
platforms, such as Weixin, Weibo, Douyin and Kuaishou, to generate effective traffic and active interactions among users. If any of 
these social media platforms stops offering its service to us, we may not be able to locate alternative platforms of similar scale to 
provide similar services in a timely manner. Any reduction in the number of users directed to our PC websites, mobile applications, 
mobile websites and third-party platform accounts through application marketplaces, Internet search engines, navigation sites, web 
browsers and other social media platforms could harm our business and operating results.

18

If we are unable to successfully expand our mobile strategy and increase our mobile advertising revenues, our business, operating 
results and growth prospects could be materially affected.

Use of mobile devices has overtaken personal computer devices as the primary way for consumption of news and other media 

content by consumers in China. This shift towards mobile has brought with it both challenges and opportunities. Given the decline in 
PC-based advertising revenue with traffic, our ability to maintain and increase our mobile advertising revenues will be critical to our 
future business prospects. While we are taking measures to expand our user base across our various mobile applications, optimize our 
targeting technology and integrate next-generation high-efficiency advertising solutions, there can be no assurance that these measures 
will be effective. User preferences and behaviors on mobile devices are rapidly evolving and we may not be able to successfully adapt 
to these changes. The variety of technical and other configurations across different mobile devices, platforms and applications also 
increases the challenges associated with our mobile expansion. Although we have taken strict control over operating expenses, we still 
incurred certain traffic acquisition costs to maintain our user growth trajectory. Our traffic acquisition expenses may increase in the 
future, which will adversely impact our financial results. Our mobile strategy is also subject to risks relating to changes in government 
policies, regulations or their enforcement with respect to mobile Internet services and applications. Any change to laws and 
regulations applicable to the mobile Internet industry, such as those relating to content, user privacy, pricing, copyrights and 
distribution, may impede the growth of mobile Internet in China or make it more difficult for us to carry out our mobile advertising 
business. If we cannot successfully grow our user base and capitalize on emerging monetization opportunities on mobile devices, we 
may not be able to maintain or grow our advertising revenues, which could materially and adversely affect our operating results and 
growth prospects.

Newsfeed advertising is an important mobile advertising format in China. If we are unable to successfully develop our newsfeed 
advertising solution and adapt to new changes in advertising formats and trends, our mobile advertising revenues may be 
materially and adversely affected.

Newsfeed advertising is the practice of constantly updating lists of advertisements alongside news and information. It 

effectively helps mobile applications enlarge their advertising inventory by inserting advertisements into the flow of content, while 
improving the user experience based on native appearance and contextual relevance, implying greater monetization potential. We 
expect newsfeed advertising to remain an important mobile advertising format in China. While we had developed and added newsfeed 
advertising into our mobile applications and mobile websites in late 2016, we are facing an increasingly competitive environment. For 
example, several mobile applications of other companies, such as Jinri Toutiao, QQ news (Tencent), Sina News and NetEase News, 
are all competing in newsfeed advertising. If we are unable to successfully develop our newsfeed advertising solution and deliver 
better return on investment, or ROI, to our advertising clients, our future mobile advertising revenues may be materially and adversely 
affected. Except for newsfeed advertising, we believe that more types of innovative mobile advertising formats may emerge in the 
future. If we are unable to swiftly develop and adapt to new changes in advertising formats and trends, our mobile advertising 
revenues may be materially and adversely affected.

Any failure to retain large advertising agencies or attract new agencies on reasonable terms could materially and adversely affect 
our business. If advertising agencies demand higher service fees, our gross margin may be negatively affected.

Approximately 52.9%, 54.9% and 48.7% of our net advertising revenues in China were derived from advertising agencies in 

2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. We primarily serve our advertisers through advertising agencies and rely on these agencies for 
sourcing our advertisers and collecting advertising revenue. In consideration for these agencies’ services, the agencies earn advertising 
agency service fees, which are deducted from our gross advertising revenues. While advertising agencies in China commonly increase 
their agency service fees on a sliding scale basis along with increased volume of business, if our agency service fees increase at a 
materially disproportional rate relative to our gross advertising revenues, our operating results may be negatively affected. We do not 
have long-term or exclusive arrangements with these agencies, and we cannot assure you that we will continue to maintain favorable 
relationships with them. If we fail to maintain favorable relationships with large advertising agencies or attract additional agencies, we 
may not be able to retain existing advertisers or attract new advertisers and our business and operating results could be materially and 
adversely affected.

Over the years, there has been some consolidation among advertising agencies in China. If the consolidation trend continues 

and the market is effectively controlled by a small number of large advertising agencies, such advertising agencies may be in a 
position to demand higher advertising agency service fees based on increased bargaining power, which could reduce our net 
advertising revenues.

19

If we fail to continue to anticipate user preferences and provide high quality content that attracts and retains users, or if we have to 
cease providing certain content in order to comply with changing regulatory requirements, we may not be able to generate 
sufficient user traffic to remain competitive.

Our success depends on our ability to generate sufficient user traffic through the provision of attractive content. If we are not 
able to license or otherwise obtain popular premium content (such as we-media content, professionally-generated content, or PGC and 
user-generated content, or UGC, etc.) at commercially reasonable terms, if our desired premium content becomes exclusive to our 
competitors, or if we are not able to continue to use Phoenix TV’s content, the attractiveness of our offerings to users may be severely 
impaired.

We may also be prevented from providing certain content to our users due to regulatory requirements or sanctions. For 
example, we received a public notice issued by the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television of the 
People’s Republic of China, or the SAPPRFT, on June 22, 2017 in connection with our and certain other Internet companies’ 
regulatory non-compliances. The notice required us to suspend our ifeng video and audio services due to our lack of the Internet 
audio-visual program transmission license and our certain commentary programs that violates government regulations. We have 
cooperated with SAPPRFT to make the necessary changes to our ifeng video and audio services. We are not sure whether our video 
and audio services that provide other content will be ordered to suspend again in the future. 

We also produce content in-house, and intend to continue to invest resources in producing original content. If we are unable 
to continue to procure premium and distinctive licensed content or produce in-house content that meets users’ tastes and preferences, 
we may lose users, and our operating results may suffer. In addition, we rely on our team of skilled editors to edit and repackage our 
sourced content in a timely and professional manner for our users and any deterioration in our editing team’s capabilities or losses in 
personnel may materially and adversely affect our operating results. If our content fails to cater to the needs and preferences of our 
users, we may suffer from reduced user traffic and our business and operating results may be materially and adversely affected.

If we have to limit or suspend our services in order to comply with changing and increasingly stringent regulatory requirements, 
our business, financial condition and results of operation may be materially adversely affected.

Recently, regulatory authorities in China have increased their supervision of content platforms similar to our website and 

mobile applications. In addition to the contents that are considered to be violating PRC laws and regulations, such oversight tends to 
pay more attention to content that is or may be deemed misleading, obscene, pornographic, detrimental, and/or contradicting to social 
values and moral prevailing in China. A finding of such violation by the regulatory authority may cause the operator of the platform to 
be subject to penalties and other administrative actions. We have received and may continue to face regulatory inquiries and oral 
warnings from relevant regulatory authorities from time to time. In a couple of instances, the regulatory authority has ordered 
suspension of downloads of our mobile applications and prohibited us from providing any update to some of our content for a short 
period of time. Started on September 26, 2018, we temporarily suspended the services provided through our ifeng News mobile 
application and wireless application protocol website, or WAP website, as well as our general news and finance channel on ifeng.com 
for two weeks, and our technology channel on ifeng.com for 30 days, in compliance with a notice from the regulatory authority 
directing us to do so. In addition, in February 2020, we temporarily suspended the services of the “finance” channel on our ifeng.com 
website and two channels on our ifeng News mobile application for 15 days in compliance with a notice from the regulatory authority 
directing us to do so. We cannot assure you that similar events will not occur in the future. In particular, we may have to limit or 
suspend some or all of our services due to changing regulatory requirements or new government initiatives from time to time. We 
cannot predict the duration or potential impact of such limitation or suspension either. Any of these events could severely impair the 
attractiveness of our applications and websites to users, reduce our user traffic and affect our revenue, and our business, financial 
condition and results of operation may be materially adversely affected.

If we fail to successfully develop and introduce new products and services to meet the preferences of users, our competitive position 
and ability to generate revenues could be harmed.

The preferences of viewers are continuously evolving and we must continue to develop new products and services. If we fail 

to react to changes in user preferences in a timely manner or fall behind our competitors in providing innovative products and services, 
we may lose user traffic, which would negatively affect our operating results. In addition, the planned timing or introduction of new 
products and services is subject to risks and uncertainties. Actual timing may differ materially from original plans. Unexpected 
technical, operational, distribution or other problems could delay or prevent the introduction of one or more of our new products or 
services. Moreover, we cannot assure you that our new products and services will achieve widespread market acceptance or generate 
incremental revenues. At the same time, other new media providers may be more successful in developing more attractive products 
and services. If our efforts to develop market and sell new products and services to the market are not successful, our financial 
position, operating results and cash flows could be materially adversely affected, the price of our ordinary shares could decline and 
you could lose part or all of your investment.

20

In addition, due to the tightened regulations in the media industry, the services that we may provide to users may be subject to 

limitations and we may not be able to roll out new products and services under such regulatory environment. We have been 
continuously adjusting our business in response to such regulatory changes. However, if we fail to successfully diversify our products 
and services, our business, financial condition and operating results may be adversely affected.

We intend to continue to explore new business opportunities, and such new businesses may not deliver the expected benefits. 

To grow our business, we intend to continue to explore new business opportunities in addition to our core media content 

business. For example, we launched our e-commerce business in 2020 to leverage our user base. If we experience initial success with 
the new business, we may decide to invest certain amounts of capital to grow the business. We cannot assure you that our new 
business initiatives will be successful. We may make significant capital expenditures to develop new businesses, and our 
management’s attention may be diverted. We may also incur significant cost to comply with the laws and regulations that apply to 
such new businesses. Any failure of our efforts to pursue new business opportunities could have a material adverse effect on our 
business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations. 

Devices such as mobile phones, tablets and other Internet-enabled mobile devices, are widely used to access the Internet, we have 
to continue to develop products and applications for such devices if we are to maintain or increase our market share and revenues, 
and we may not be successful in doing so.

Devices such as mobile phones, tablets, wearable devices and other Internet-enabled mobile devices are widely used in China 

and in overseas markets to access the Internet. We believe that, for our business to be successful, we will need to continue to design, 
develop, promote and operate new products and applications that will be compatible with such devices and attractive to users. The 
design and development of new products and applications may not be successful. We may encounter difficulties with the development 
and installation of such new products and applications for mobile devices, and such products and applications may not function 
smoothly. As new devices are released or updated, we may encounter difficulties in developing and upgrading our products or 
applications for use on mobile devices and we may need to devote significant resources to the creation, support and maintenance of 
such products or applications for mobile devices, and we may not be successful in doing so. If these efforts are unsuccessful and we 
are thereby unable to maintain or increase our market share and revenues, our business, operating results and growth prospects could 
be materially and adversely affected.

We operate in highly competitive markets and we may not be able to compete successfully against our competitors.

We face significant competition in the new media industry in China, including competition from major Internet portals, 

mobile news and information application operators, Internet video companies, online video sites of major TV broadcasters, online 
digital reading companies, interactive and social network service providers, mobile Internet services providers and other companies 
with strong media, online video and paid services businesses. Some of our competitors have longer operating histories and 
significantly greater financial resources than we do, which may allow them to attract and retain more users and advertisers. Our 
competitors may compete with us in a variety of ways, including by obtaining exclusive online distribution rights for popular content, 
conducting more aggressive brand promotions and other marketing activities and making acquisitions to increase their user bases. If 
any of our competitors achieves greater market acceptance or are able to offer more attractive online content, interactive services or 
paid services than us, our user traffic and our market share may decrease, which may result in a loss of advertisers and have a material 
and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results. We also face competition from traditional advertising 
media such as television, newspapers, magazines, billboards and radio.

We have contracted with third-party content providers and we may lose users and revenues if these relationships deteriorate or 
arrangements are terminated. If third-party content providers increase their content licensing fees, our operating results may be 
negatively affected.

We have relied and will continue to rely mostly on third parties for the content we distribute across our channels. If these 

parties fail to develop and maintain high-quality and engaging content or raise their licensing fees, or if a large number of our existing 
relationships are terminated, we could lose users and advertisers and our brand could be materially harmed. If such license fees 
increase significantly in the future, our income from operations may be negatively affected. In addition, the Chinese government has 
the ability to restrict or prevent state-owned media from cooperating with us in providing certain content to us, which, if exercised, 
would result in a significant decrease in the amount of content we are able to source for our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile 
websites and third-party platform accounts and negatively impact our operating results.

21

We may not be able to continue to receive the same level of support from Phoenix TV Group in the future. We could lose our 
license and priority over any third party to use Phoenix TV Group’s content and licensed trademarks, which could have an adverse 
effect on our business and operating results.

Phoenix TV is a leading global Chinese language TV network broadcasting premium content globally and into China. In 

November 2009, our PRC subsidiary, Fenghuang On-line, entered into a cooperation agreement with Phoenix TV, or the Phoenix TV 
Cooperation Agreement, under which Fenghuang On-line and Phoenix TV agreed to certain cooperative arrangements in the areas of 
content, branding, promotion and technology. Pursuant to the Phoenix TV Cooperation Agreement, in November 2009 each of 
Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe entered into a program content license agreement, or Content License Agreement, with Phoenix 
Satellite Television Company Limited, a subsidiary of Phoenix TV, and a trademark license agreement, or Old Trademark License 
Agreement, with Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited. Since the execution of these agreements in 2009, we and Phoenix 
TV Group have amended and renewed the agreements on several occasions. As of March 31, 2024, the trademark license agreements 
in effect are those that Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited renewed with each of Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe in 
December 2023, or the New Trademark License Agreements, to grant Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe the right to use the 
trademarks and to sublicense relevant trademarks to our affiliated companies for the purpose of account registration on any third-party 
platforms, which has a term of three years. The effective Program License Agreement is a new program resource license and 
cooperation agreement between Tianying Jiuzhou and Phoenix Satellite Television Holdings Limited dated August 24, 2021, or the 
2021 Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement, which has a term of three years. According to the 2021 Program 
Resource License and Cooperation Agreement, Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited grants Tianying Jiuzhou exclusive 
right to broadcast copyrighted video content and the audio content derived from three television channels of Phoenix TV Group on the 
internet in Mainland China with such content also broadcasted on the three television channels of Phoenix TV Group. Phoenix TV 
also grants the Tianying Jiuzhou the right to sublicense such contents. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party 
Transactions—B. Related Party Transactions—Agreements and Transactions with Phoenix TV and Certain of its Subsidiaries” for 
more information about the terms of these agreements.

If the aforementioned existing agreements expire and we cannot reach new agreements with Phoenix TV Group before the 

expiration, we may not be able to obtain rights to use Phoenix TV Group’s content and licensed trademarks on our platforms on 
commercially reasonable terms, with any priority or at all, which would have negative effects on our paid services business, and may 
also negatively affect our video advertising business. Together, these impacts could have an adverse effect on our business, operating 
results and financial condition.

In addition, Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe are able to use certain of Phoenix TV Group’s logos pursuant to the Old 

Trademark License Agreement and the New Trademark License Agreements. We believe that our use of these logos helps to affiliate 
us with the brand of Phoenix TV Group, which helps to enhance our own brand. The New Trademark License Agreements extended 
the license term and covered additional trademarks registered in various classes containing the double-phoenix logo together with the 
Chinese or English words of “Phoenix New Media” or “ifeng” and other variations. The New Trademark License Agreements also 
changed the licensed territory from “Mainland China” to “countries or territories where the trademark is registered” and authorized 
sub-license of the relevant trademarks to our affiliated companies for the purpose of account registration on any third-party platforms, 
while retained the clause of the annual license fee payable to Phoenix TV Group from a total of US$10,000 to the greater of 2% of the 
annual revenues of Tianying Jiuzhou or Yifeng Lianhe (as the case may be) or US$100,000 for each company. See “Item 7. Major 
Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—B. Related Party Transactions—Agreements and Transactions with Phoenix TV and 
Certain of its Subsidiaries” for more information about the terms of the New Trademark License Agreements.

On March 17, 2017, the State Administration of Taxation issued the Announcement of the State Administration of Taxation on 

Issuing the Administrative Measures for Special Tax Adjustment and Investigation and Mutual Consultation Procedures, or SAT 
Circular 6, which became effective on May 1, 2017, and replaced the Circular on Enterprise Income Tax Issues concerning 
Disbursement of Expense by Enterprises to Overseas Related Parties. Pursuant to SAT Circular 6, tax authorities carry out special tax 
adjustment monitoring and management of enterprises via review of the reporting of connected transactions, management of 
contemporaneous documentation, profit level monitoring and other means. When enterprises are found to have special tax adjustment 
risks, they will send notices to such enterprises, suggesting the existence of a tax risk. The tax authorities will pay special attention to 
an enterprise with the risk characteristics in the implementation of the special tax investigation. Such risk characteristics include but 
are not limited to: (i) engaging in connected transactions with affiliates in countries (regions) subject to lower tax rates; (ii) no 
distribution or reduced distribution of profit without reasonable business needs by an enterprise that is established in a country 
(region) where the actual tax burden is less than 12.5% controlled by resident enterprises and/or Chinese resident individuals; or (iii) 
other tax planning or arrangements that do not have reasonable business purposes. According to SAT Circular 6, payments made by 
Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe to Phoenix TV or its offshore affiliates under the above arrangements may be subject to stringent 
supervision by competent tax authority.

22

Any negative development in Phoenix TV’s market position, harm to Phoenix TV’s brand or operations, or regulatory actions or 
legal proceedings affecting Phoenix TV’s intellectual properties on which our business relies could materially and adversely affect 
our business and operating results.

Our business benefits significantly from our association with Phoenix TV’s brand. Many of our users and advertisers are 

attracted to the “Phoenix” (“鳳凰”) brand, with which our brand, “ifeng.com” (“鳳凰網”) shares a similar Chinese name. Any 
negative development in Phoenix TV’s market position or brand recognition may materially and adversely affect our marketing efforts 
and the popularity of our business. Any negative development in Phoenix TV’s operations or attractiveness to users or advertisers may 
materially and adversely affect our business and operating results. Moreover, as we benefit from the content licensed to us by Phoenix 
TV, any regulatory actions or legal proceedings against Phoenix TV related to such content could have a material adverse impact on 
our operating results.

Negative publicity, rumors or media coverage of our company, our affiliates or business partners could materially and adversely 
affect our reputation, business and financial condition.

Negative publicity of our company, our affiliates or business partners, whether or not accurate and whether or not applicable 

to us, could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business and financial condition, and could result in diversion of our 
managerial and financial resource. For example, in April 2021, news media reported that the police department has started its 
investigation of certain alleged fraudulent activities by subsidiaries of Phoenix Financial Group Limited relating to the “Phoenix 
Finance Mobile Application.” We only have a minority equity interest in Phoenix Financial Group Limited and do not consolidate 
Phoenix Financial Group Limited in our financials. However, Phoenix Financial Group Limited was licensed by a subsidiary of our 
parent company, Phoenix TV, to use the “Phoenix” (“鳳凰”) brand. Due to our minor equity interest in Phoenix Financial Group 
Limited and the fact that we share the same brand name, certain of our customers may terminate their business relationship with us 
due to concerns of our brand reputation, although we are not legally liable for its actions. 

We cannot assure you that in the future there will not be any negative rumors or media coverage related to our company, our 

affiliates or business partners. Any negative publicity, rumors or media coverage of our company, our affiliates or business partners 
may materially and adversely affect our business and operating results, and diverge our managerial and financial resources.

If we are unable to keep pace with rapid technological changes in the PC and mobile Internet industries, our business may suffer.

The PC and mobile Internet industries have been experiencing rapid technological changes with the increasing popularity of 
UGC and we-media content in pictorial, audio-rich and video-rich, and AI-augmented formats. Broadband accessibility has led to a 
demand for newer services such as video streaming, mobile digital reading services, and AI-powered chatbots and tools. In addition, 
the LTE 5G rollout and AI generated content advancements are expected to significantly impact the industry and further change the 
way that users access and consume contents. If we are unable to upgrade our product and the services we provide to adapt to these 
technologies and the changes in user behavior that come with it, we could lose users and our operating results may suffer. Our future 
success will depend on our ability to anticipate, adapt and support new technologies and industry standards. If we fail to anticipate and 
adapt to these and other technological changes, our market share and our profitability could suffer.

Our lack of an Internet audio-visual program transmission license has exposed, and may continue to expose, us to administrative 
sanctions, including the banning of our paid mobile video services and video advertising services, which would materially and 
adversely affect our business and results of operation.

The PRC government regulates the Internet industry extensively, including foreign ownership of, and the licensing 

requirements pertaining to, companies in the Internet industry. A number of regulatory agencies, including the Ministry of Culture and 
Tourism, or the MCT (formerly the Ministry of Culture, or MOC), the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, or MIIT, the 
National Radio and Television Administration, or NRTA, (formerly the SAPPRFT), the State Council Information Office, or the 
SCIO, the Cyberspace Administrator of China, or CAC, and other governmental authorities, jointly regulate all major aspects of the 
Internet industry. Operators are required to obtain various government approvals and licenses prior to providing the relevant Internet 
information services.

Pursuant to the Administrative Provisions on Internet Audio-visual Program Service, or the Audio-visual Program Provisions, 

which was issued by the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television (the predecessor of SAPPRFT), or SARFT and MIIT on 
December 20, 2007, came into effect on January 31, 2008 and was revised on August 28, 2015, online transmission of audio and video 
programs requires an Internet audio-visual program transmission license and online audio-visual service providers must be either 
wholly state-owned or state-controlled. In a press conference jointly held by SARFT and MIIT to answer questions with respect to the 
Audio-visual Program Provisions in February 2008, SARFT and MIIT clarified that online audio-visual service providers that already 
had been operating lawfully prior to the issuance of the Audio-visual Program Provisions may re-register and continue to operate 
without becoming state-owned or controlled, provided that such providers have not engaged in any unlawful activities. See “Item 4. 

23

Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Regulatory Matters—Regulation of Online Transmission of Audio-Visual 
Programs.”

We started offering Internet audio-visual program services through Tianying Jiuzhou in China prior to the issuance of the 

Audio-visual Program Provisions. Tianying Jiuzhou submitted an application to SAPPRFT to apply for the Internet audio-visual 
program transmission license when the relevant regulation came into effect. However, as of the date of this annual report, NRTA has 
not issued Tianying Jiuzhou an Internet audio-visual program transmission license. Although we have been communicating with the 
relevant government authorities, such government authorities have not informed us as to when they will make a decision on whether 
to issue such license to Tianying Jiuzhou. In June 2017, SAPPRFT issued a notice requiring us to suspend our ifeng video and audio 
services due to our lack of Internet audio-visual program transmission license and certain commentary programs that violated 
government regulations. While we have been able to continue our video and audio operation notwithstanding the notice by 
cooperating with SAPPRFT to make the necessary changes to our ifeng video and audio services, complying with government 
regulation and continuing to improve the management and operation of the ifeng video and audio business, we cannot assure you that 
we will not receive similar or other notices or be subject to other penalties or disciplinary action from the relevant governmental 
authorities in the future regarding our dissemination of audio-visual programs through our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile 
websites and third-party platform accounts without such license. We cannot assure you that Tianying Jiuzhou will be able to obtain the 
Internet audio-visual program transmission license. Based on the opinion of our PRC counsel, Zhong Lun Law Firm, due to Tianying 
Jiuzhou’s lack of an Internet audio-visual program transmission license, the applicable local counterpart of NRTA may issue further 
warnings, order us to rectify our violating activity and impose fines on us. In case of severe contravention as determined by NRTA or 
its applicable local counterpart in its discretion, the applicable local counterpart of NRTA may ban the violating operations, seize our 
equipment in connection with such operations and impose a penalty of one to two times the amount of the total investment in such 
operations. The banning of our paid mobile video services and video advertising services would materially and adversely affect our 
business and operating results.

Our lack of an Internet news license may expose us to administrative sanctions, including an order to cease our Internet 
information services or to cease the Internet access services provided by third parties to us. In 2023, the vast majority of our total 
revenues were derived from Internet information services and services that relied on Internet access services from third parties.

We are required to obtain an Internet news license from CAC for the dissemination of news through our PC websites, mobile 
applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—
Regulatory Matters—Regulation of Internet News Dissemination.” Tianying Jiuzhou submitted an application to the CAC to apply for 
the Internet news license when the relevant regulation came into effect and we have been trying our best to obtain the license. 
However, as of the date of this annual report, the CAC has not issued an Internet news license to Tianying Jiuzhou. Based on the 
opinion of our PRC counsel, Zhong Lun Law Firm, as a result of Tianying Jiuzhou’s lack of an Internet news license, the CAC or 
applicable cyberspace administrator at the provincial level may order us to cease our Internet information services or to cease the 
Internet access services provided by third parties to us and impose a fine on us of not more than RMB30,000. In 2023, the vast 
majority of our total revenues were derived from Internet information services and services that relied on Internet access services from 
third parties; and therefore if we are ordered to cease such services, our business, financial condition and results of operation will be 
materially and adversely affected.

Failure to obtain NRTA’s approval for introducing and broadcasting foreign television programs could have a material adverse 
effect on our ability to conduct our business.

Some of the video contents on our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts are 
foreign content. PRC law requires approval from NRTA for introducing and broadcasting foreign television programs into China. In 
September 2004, SARFT promulgated certain regulations of the Administrative Regulations on the Introduction and Broadcasting of 
Foreign Television Programs, pursuant to which only organizations designated by SAPPRFT are qualified to apply to SAPPRFT or its 
authorized entities for the introduction or broadcasting of foreign television programs. In addition, on July 6, 2004, SARFT issued the 
Measures for the Administration of Publication of Audio-Visual Programs through the Internet or Other Information Networks, or the 
2004 A/V Measures, which explicitly prohibit Internet service providers from broadcasting any foreign television program over an 
information network and state that any violation may result in warnings, monetary penalties or, in severe cases, criminal liabilities. On 
November 19, 2009, SARFT issued a notice that extended this prohibition to broadcasting over mobile phones. In December 2007 and 
March 2009, however, SARFT issued two notices, which provide that certain foreign audio-visual programs may be published through 
the Internet provided that certain regulatory requirements have been met and certain permits have been obtained, thereby implying that 
the absolute restriction against broadcasting foreign television programs on the Internet as set forth in the 2004 A/V Measures has 
been lifted. On April 25, 2016, SAPPRFT issued the Administrative Provisions on Audio-Visual Program Services through Private 
Network and Targeted Communication, or the 2016 A/V Provisions, which replaced the 2004 Internet A/V Measures. On March 23, 
2021, NRTA issued the Administrative Provisions on Audio-Visual Program Services through Private Network and Targeted 
Communication, or the 2021 A/V Provisions, which replaced the 2016 A/V Provisions. The 2021 A/V Provisions does not explicitly 
specify whether broadcasting foreign television program is permitted. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business 

24

Overview—Regulatory Matters—Regulation of Foreign Television Programs and Satellite Channels.” As of the date of this annual 
report, we have not obtained an approval from NRTA for introducing and broadcasting foreign TV programs produced by certain 
foreign TV stations in China. Therefore, there is uncertainty as to whether we are permitted to transmit foreign television programs 
through the online video services that we offer. If NRTA or its local branch requires us to obtain its approval for our introduction and 
online broadcasting of overseas TV programs, we may not be able to obtain such approval in a timely manner or at all. Based on the 
opinion of our PRC counsel, Zhong Lun Law Firm, in such case, the PRC government would have the power to, among other things, 
levy fines against us, confiscate our income, order us to cease certain content service, or require us to temporarily or permanently 
discontinue the affected portion of our business.

Failure to obtain certain permits for our advertising services that contain drug-related information would subject us to penalties.

Entities in China are not allowed to provide drug-related or medical care information services online before obtaining an 

Internet Medicine Information Service Qualification Certificate from the relevant local government agencies. See “Item 4. Information 
on the Company—B. Business Overview—Regulatory Matters—Regulation of Certain Internet Content.” Certain of our advertising 
services contain drug-related information. 

As of the date of this annual report, Yifeng Lianhe has obtained an Internet Medicine Information Service Qualification 
Certificate from Beijing Municipal Medical Products Administrative. However, Tianying Jiuzhou does not currently have such 
certificate and we cannot assure you that Tianying Jiuzhou may be able to obtain the certificate. We may be subject to administrative 
warnings, termination of any Internet drug-related services and online health diagnoses and treatment services on our PC websites, 
mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts, and other penalties that are not clearly provided for in the 
relevant regulations.

If we fail to obtain or maintain all applicable permits and approvals, or fail to comply with PRC regulations, relating to Internet 
publishing services, our ability to conduct our digital reading business and certain other businesses could be affected and we could 
be subject to penalties and other administrative sanctions.

According to PRC regulations regulating Internet publishing services, the provision of online novels is deemed a network 

publication activity, therefore, a Network Publication Service License from National Press and Publication Administration, or NPPA 
(formerly the SAPPRFT) is required to operate digital reading business in China. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. 
Business Overview—Regulatory Matters—Regulation of Online Cultural Activities and Internet Music.”

Although Tianying Jiuzhou managed to renew its Network Publication Service License, which will expire on December 4, 

2028, neither Fengyu Network nor Yifeng Lianhe has obtained a Network Publication Service License. 

We cannot assure you that Fengyu Network and Yifeng Lianhe can obtain a Network Publication Service License, and that 
Tianying Jiuzhou will be able to renew the license when it expires, enabling them to operate digital reading business. If the relevant 
authority determines that we are in violation of the relevant laws and regulations regarding Internet publishing services, it would have 
the power to, among other things, levy fines against us, confiscate our income and require us to discontinue our digital reading 
business. 

Our business and operating results may be harmed by service disruptions, or by our failure to timely and effectively scale and 
adapt our existing technology and infrastructure.

The continual accessibility of our PC websites, mobile applications and mobile websites and the performance and reliability 

of our network infrastructure are critical to our reputation and our ability to attract and retain users, advertisers and partners. Any 
system failure or performance inadequacy that causes interruptions in the availability of our services or increases the response time of 
our services could reduce our appeal to users and consumers. Factors that could significantly disrupt our operations include system 
failures and outages caused by fire, floods, earthquakes, power loss, and telecommunications failures and similar events. Despite we 
have endeavored efforts to implement network security measures to our systems, it may also be vulnerable to computer viruses, break-
ins and similar disruptions from unauthorized tampering, and security breaches related to the storage and transmission of proprietary 
information, such as personal information. If we were to suffer a sustained system failure or an extended decline in performance that 
interrupts or reduces speed of access to our services, our reputation may be harmed, we may fail to attract or retain users, advertisers 
and partners, and our business and operating results may be harmed as a result.

Security breaches or computer virus attacks could have a material adverse effect on our business prospects and operating results.

Any significant breach of security of our products could significantly harm our business, reputation and operating results. We 

have in the past experienced security breaches by third parties, including redirecting our user traffic to other websites, and we were 
able to rectify the security breaches without significant impact to our operations. However, we cannot assure you that our IT systems 
will be completely secure from future security breaches or computer virus attacks. Anyone who is able to circumvent our security 

25

measures could misappropriate proprietary information, including the personal information of our users. To cope with these 
circumventions, we have (i) formed a Cybersecurity Leadership Team, a professional technical team dedicated to cybersecurity risks, 
and is in charge of devising cybersecurity strategies, conducting security audits of operating source code, tracking and analyzing risks, 
and solving technology related troubles, (ii) communicated closely with several external security organizations, to acquire zero-day 
vulnerability information, (iii) purchased third-party security services, including vulnerability scanning services, and penetration and 
vulnerability testing every year. Although we have already taken such measures, any circumvention of these security measures may 
still cause interruptions in our operations or damage our brand image and reputation, which could have a material adverse effect on 
our business prospects and operating results.

We are subject to a variety of laws and other obligations regarding cybersecurity, data security and personal information 
protection in China, and our failure to comply with any of them could result in proceedings against us by governmental entities or 
others and harm our public image and reputation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of 
operations and financial condition. 

We are subject to laws in China relating to the collection, use, sharing, retention, security and transfer of confidential and 

private information, such as personal information and other data. These laws are continuing to develop, and the PRC government may 
adopt other rules and restrictions in the future. Non-compliance could result in penalties or other significant legal liabilities.

According to the Cybersecurity Law of the People’s Republic of China, or Cybersecurity Law, which was promulgated by the 

National People’s Congress Standing Committee on November 7, 2016, and took effect on June 1, 2017, we, as a network operator, 
are obligated to provide technical assistance and support to public security and national security authorities in order to protect national 
security or assist with criminal investigations. In addition, the Cybersecurity Law provides that personal information and important 
data collected and generated by an operator of critical information infrastructure in the course of its operations in the PRC must be 
stored in the PRC. On September 12, 2022, the Cyberspace Administration of China, or the CAC, issued the Decision on Amending 
the Cybersecurity Law of the People’s Republic of China (Draft for Comments), focusing on the following four aspects: (i) to improve 
the legal liability system for violating the general provisions on the security of cyber operation; (ii) to amend the legal liability system 
for the security protection of critical information infrastructure; (iii) to adjust the legal liability system for network information 
security; and (iv) to amend the legal liability system for the protection of personal information. As of the date of this annual report, the 
Cybersecurity Law of the People’s Republic of China (Draft for Comments) has not been formally adopted.

On December 28, 2021, the CAC and other twelve PRC regulatory authorities jointly issued the Cybersecurity Review 
Measures, which became effective from February 15, 2022. The Cybersecurity Review Measures require that, (i) any procurement of 
network products and services by critical information infrastructure operators, which affects or may affect national security, (ii) any 
data processing activities by network platform operators, which affects or may affect national security, or (iii) any network platform 
operators, which has personal information of more than one million users and is going to be listed abroad, shall be subject to 
cybersecurity review. 

 In anticipation of the strengthened implementation of cybersecurity laws and regulations and the continued expansion of our 
business, we face potential risks if we are deemed as a “critical information infrastructure operator” or a “network platform operator” 
that affects or may affect national security under the Cybersecurity Review Measures and would be required to follow cybersecurity 
review procedures. During such review, we may be required to suspend new user registration in China and/or experience other 
disruptions of our operations. Furthermore, if we were found to be in violation of applicable laws and regulations of the PRC during 
such review, we could be subject to administrative penalties, such as warnings, fines, service suspension or removal of our apps from 
the relevant app stores. Therefore, cybersecurity review may have a material and adverse impact on our business, results of operations 
and financial condition. Since the measures were recently promulgated, there exists uncertainties with respect to their interpretation 
and implementation.

On June 10, 2021, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress, or the SCNPC, promulgated the PRC Data 

Security Law, which has come into effect on September 1, 2021. The PRC Data Security Law imposes data security and privacy 
protection obligations on entities and individuals, which carry out data activities, and introduces a data classification and hierarchical 
protection system based on the importance of data in economic and social development, and the degree of harm it might cause to 
national security, public interests, or legitimate rights and interests of individuals or organizations when such data is tampered with, 
destroyed, leaked, illegally acquired or used. The PRC Data Security Law also provides a national security review procedure for data 
activities that may affect national security and imposes export restrictions on certain data and information. 

On November 14, 2021 the CAC issued the Draft Data Security Regulations for public comments, pursuant to which, data 
processors carrying out the following activities must, in accordance with the relevant national regulations, apply for a cybersecurity 
review: (i) the merger, reorganization or spin-off of internet platform operators that possess a large number of data resources related to 
national security, economic development and public interests that affects or may affect national security; (ii) listing in a foreign 
country of data processors that process the personal information of more than one million users; (iii) listing in Hong Kong of data 

26

processors that affects or may affect national security; and (iv) other data processing activities that affect or may affect national 
security. The scope of and threshold for determining what “affects or may affect national security” is still subject to uncertainty and 
further elaboration by the CAC.

The Personal Information Protection Law, or the PIPL, was released by the National People’s Congress Standing Committee 
on August 20, 2021 and became effective on November 1, 2021. The PIPL stipulates the scope of personal information and the ways 
of processing personal information, establishes rules for processing personal information and for transferring personal information 
offshore, and clarifies the individual’s rights and the processor’s obligations in the process of personal information. The PIPL applies 
to (i) the processing within the territory of the PRC of natural persons’ personal information; or (ii) the processing outside the territory 
of the PRC over personal information of natural persons within the PRC, provided that such information is processed (x) for the 
purpose of providing products or services to domestic natural persons, (y) to analyze or assess the conduct of domestic natural 
persons, or (z) under any other circumstances as prescribed by laws and administrative regulations. The PIPL requires, among others, 
that (i) the processing of personal information should have a clear and reasonable purpose, which should be directly related to the 
processing purpose, in a method that has the least impact on personal rights and interests, and (ii) the collection of personal 
information should be limited to the minimum scope necessary to achieve the processing purpose to avoid the excessive collection of 
personal information.

On July 7, 2022, the CAC promulgated the Measures for the Security Assessment of Data Cross-border Transfer, which took 

effect on September 1, 2022. The Measures for the Security Assessment of Data Cross-border Transfer requires the data processor 
providing data overseas and falling under any of the following circumstances to apply for the security assessment of cross-border data 
transfer by the national cybersecurity authority through its local counterpart: (i) where the data processor intends to provide important 
data overseas; (ii) where the critical information infrastructure operator and any data processor who has processed personal 
information of more than 1,000,000 individuals intend to provide personal information overseas; (iii) where any data processor who 
has provided personal information of 100,000 individuals or sensitive personal information of 10,000 individuals to overseas 
recipients accumulatively since January 1 of the last year intends to provide personal information overseas; and (iv) other 
circumstances where the security assessment of data cross-border transfer is required as prescribed by the CAC. On February 24, 
2023, the CAC promulgated the Measures for Standard Contracts for Cross-border Transfers of Personal Information, together with 
a template of such standard contract as an annex to the Measures, which took effect on June 1, 2023. Pursuant to the Measures, a 
personal information processor may enter into the Standard Contract and provide it along with the personal information protection 
impact assessment report to relevant governmental authorities for filing to ensure the legality of a cross-border transfer of personal 
information outside the territory of PRC if certain conditions are satisfied pursuant to the Measures. For the outbound transfer of 
personal information that has already happened before the Measures takes effect, if it is found that any such transfer is not in 
compliance with the Measures, rectification shall be completed within six months upon the effective date of the Measures. Failure to 
complete such rectification within the prescribed period may result in penalties imposed by the competent governmental 
authorities. On March 22, 2024, the CAC promulgated the Provisions on Promoting and Regulating Cross-border Data Flows, which 
further clarify the implementation rules of existing systems to facilitate the cross-border flow of data.

These newly promulgated laws and regulations reflect the PRC government’s further attempts to strengthen the legal 
protection for national network security, data security and the security of personal information protection. These laws and regulations 
are relatively new, and therefore there are substantial uncertainties with respect to the interpretation and implementation. We may 
need to adjust our business to comply with these laws and regulations regarding network security, data security and personal 
information from time to time. We have been making constant efforts to comply with the Cybersecurity Review Measures and other 
data protection laws and regulations of the PRC. Our mobile apps and websites only collect basic user information, which are 
necessary for the provision of the corresponding services. We update our privacy policies and adjust our data processing practices 
from time to time to meet the latest regulatory requirements of CAC and other authorities and adopts technical and organizational 
measures to protect data and cybersecurity. We could be subject to investigations launched by PRC regulators in the future. Any 
failure or any other non-compliance with the related laws and regulations may result in fines or other administrative penalties, 
including suspension of business, website closure, removal of our app from app stores, and revocation of licenses, as well as 
reputational damage or legal proceedings or actions against us, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial 
condition or results of operations. In addition, our ability to continue to offer our ADSs to investors could be significantly limited or 
completed hindered, and the value of our ADSs could significantly decline or become worthless. As of the date of this annual report, 
we have not been involved in any cybersecurity review initiated by the CAC or other relevant governmental regulatory authorities, and 
we have not received any inquiry, notice, warning, or sanction in such respect. However, we cannot rule out the possibility that we 
may be subject to the cybersecurity review or other investigations initiated by the CAC or the related governmental regulatory 
authorities.

27

New technologies could block our advertisements and desktop clients, and mobile applications may enable technical measures that 
could limit our traffic growth and new monetization opportunities.

Technologies have been developed that can disable the display of our advertisements and that provide tools to users to opt out 

of our advertising products. Most of our revenues are derived from fees paid to us by advertisers in connection with the display of 
advertisements on webpages to our users. In addition, our traffic growth is significantly dependent on content viewing via mobile 
devices, such as smart phones and tablets. Technologies and tools for PCs and mobile devices, such as operating systems, Internet 
browsers, anti-virus software and other applications, as well as mobile application download stores could set up technical measures to 
direct away Internet traffic, require a fee for the download of our products or block our products all together, which could adversely 
affect our overall traffic and ability to monetize our services.

If we fail to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, our ability to accurately and timely report our financial 
results in accordance with U.S. GAAP may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, investor confidence in us and the 
market price of our ADSs may decline significantly.

We are subject to reporting obligations under U.S. securities laws. Among other things, the United States Securities and 
Exchange Commission, or the SEC, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or Section 404, adopted rules 
requiring every public company, including us, to include a report from management on the effectiveness of its internal control over 
financial reporting in its annual report on Form 20-F starting in the annual report for its second fiscal year as a public company. In 
addition, beginning at the same time, an independent registered public accounting firm must attest to and report on the effectiveness of 
such public company’s internal control over financial reporting. We were subject to these requirements for the first time with respect 
to our annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012.

 While our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2023, 
our management identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022. See “Item 
15. Controls and Procedures—Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.” While we had remediated 
the material weakness identified as of December 31, 2022, and the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2023 has been audited by our independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears 
herein, we may not be able to always maintain an effective internal control over financial reporting for a variety of reasons. Among 
others, we are based in China, an emerging market where the overall internal control environment may not be as strong as in more 
established countries. If we fail to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in the future, our management and our 
independent registered public accounting firm may not be able to conclude that we have effective internal control over financial 
reporting at a reasonable assurance level. This could in turn result in the loss of investor confidence in the reliability of our financial 
statements and negatively impact the trading price of our ADSs. Furthermore, we have incurred and anticipate that we will continue to 
incur considerable costs, management time and other resources in an effort to maintain compliance with Section 404 and other 
requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

Our quarterly revenues and operating results may fluctuate, which makes our operating results difficult to predict and may cause 
our quarterly operating results to fall short of expectations.

Our quarterly revenues and operating results have fluctuated in the past and may continue to fluctuate depending upon a 
number of factors, many of which are out of our control. For these reasons, comparing our operating results on a period-to-period 
basis may not be meaningful, and you should not rely on our past results as an indication of our future performance. Our quarterly and 
annual revenues and costs and expenses as a percentage of our revenues may be significantly different from our historical or projected 
rates. Our operating results in future quarters may fall below expectations. Any of these events could cause the price of our ADSs to 
fall. Other factors that may affect our financial results include, among others:

•

•

•

•

•

•

China’s macro-economic conditions;

our ability to maintain and increase user traffic;

our ability to attract and retain advertisers;

changes in the policies of mobile operators;

changes in government policies or regulations, or their enforcement; and

geopolitical events or natural disasters such as war, threat of war, earthquake or epidemics.

Our operating results tend to be seasonal. For instance, we may generate less revenue from brand advertising sales and paid 
services revenues during national holidays in China, in particular during the Chinese New Year holidays in the first quarter of each 
year. We may have higher net advertising revenues during the fourth quarter of each year primarily due to greater advertising 
spending by our advertisers near the end of the year when they spend the remaining portions of their annual budgets. In addition, 

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advertising spending in China has historically been cyclical, reflecting overall economic conditions as well as the budgeting and 
buying patterns of our customers.

The VIEs and their respective shareholders do not own all the trademarks used in their value-added telecommunications services, 
which may subject them to revocation of their licenses or other penalties or sanctions.

Pursuant to the Notice on Strengthening the Administration of Foreign Investment in Value-added Telecommunications 

Services issued on July 13, 2006 by MIIT, or the MIIT 2006 Notice, domestic telecommunications service providers are prohibited 
from leasing, transferring or selling telecommunications business operating licenses to any foreign investors in any form, or providing 
any resources, sites or facilities to any foreign investors for their operation of telecommunications businesses in China. According to 
the MIIT 2006 Notice, the holder of a value-added telecommunications business operating license, or ICP License, or its shareholders 
must directly own the domain names and trademarks used in their value-added telecommunications business operations. After the 
promulgation of the MIIT 2006 Notice in July 2006, the MIIT issued a subsequent notice in October 2006, or the MIIT October 
Notice, urging value-added telecommunication service operators to conduct self-examination regarding any noncompliance with the 
MIIT 2006 Notice prior to November 1, 2006. Pursuant to the MIIT October Notice, ICP License-holders who were not in compliance 
with the MIIT 2006 Notice were allowed to submit a self-correction report to the local provincial-level branch of MIIT by November 
20, 2006.

Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe are currently engaged in the provision of value-added telecommunications services and 

each of them has obtained ICP Licenses from MIIT or its local counterpart in Beijing. In addition, Tianying Jiuzhou owns our material 
domain names, including ifeng.com, and, as of March 31, 2024, owned six registered trademarks that were transferred to it from 
Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited. Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe continue to use certain of Phoenix TV’s logos 
that are licensed from Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Phoenix TV, in their value-
added telecommunications services. Therefore, we are not currently in compliance with the MIIT 2006 Notice.

We have designed propriety logos for use in the respective businesses of Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe. As of March 
31, 2024, Tianying Jiuzhou owned 485 PRC registered trademarks, six of which were transferred from Phoenix Satellite Trademark 
Limited, and Yifeng Lianhe owned 62 PRC registered trademarks. Despite our having registered many trademarks used in our value-
added telecommunications business operations, we may continue to use certain of Phoenix TV’s logos that are licensed from Phoenix 
Satellite Television Trademark Limited. 

Although neither of the VIEs nor their respective subsidiaries has been required by the MIIT or its local counterpart to obtain 
and hold the ownership of the relevant trademarks related to the value-added telecommunications services to date, the provincial-level 
counterpart of MIIT may enforce the MIIT 2006 Notice on the VIEs and their respective subsidiaries. In such case, the provincial-
level counterpart of MIIT could order the VIEs and their respective subsidiaries to own the registered trademarks used in their value-
added telecommunications business within a specified period of time. We do not have knowledge about the period of time that MIIT 
would provide us to complete the necessary remediation measures. We are also not aware that since issuing the MIIT October Notice, 
MIIT has promulgated any additional notices or guidelines with respect to timelines for self-examination or remediation of 
noncompliance with the MIIT 2006 Notice. Moreover, the MIIT October Notice does not specify how much time the MIIT allows for 
ICP License-holders to remedy their noncompliance issues. If we fail to remedy any noncompliance within the time frame specified 
by the provincial counterpart of MIIT, the relevant governmental authority would have the discretion to revoke the VIEs’ or their 
respective subsidiaries’ licenses for value-added telecommunications or subject them to other penalties or sanctions, which would 
have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects.

We may be adversely affected by the complexity, uncertainties and changes in PRC regulation of Internet businesses and 
companies, including limitations on our ability to own key assets, such as our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites 
and third-party platform accounts.

The Chinese government heavily regulates the Internet industry, including foreign investment in the Chinese Internet 
industry, content on the Internet and license and permit requirements for service providers in the Internet industry. Since some of the 
laws, regulations and legal requirements with respect to the Internet are relatively new and evolving, their interpretation and 
enforcement involve significant uncertainties. In addition, the Chinese legal system is based on written statutes and so that prior court 
decisions can only be cited for reference and have little precedential value. As a result, in many cases it is difficult to determine what 
actions or omissions may result in liabilities. Issues, risks and uncertainties relating to China’s government regulation of the Chinese 
Internet sector include the following:

•

We operate our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts in China through the 
VIEs and their respective subsidiaries, which we have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the 
economic performance of the VIEs and provide us with economic benefits of the VIEs through contractual arrangements 

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•

•

•

due to restrictions on foreign investment in businesses providing value-added telecommunication services, including 
substantially all of our paid services and advertising services.

Uncertainties relating to the regulation of the Internet business in China, including evolving licensing practices, give rise 
to the risk that some of our permits, licenses or operations may be subject to challenge, which may be disruptive to our 
business, subject us to sanctions or require us to increase capital, compromise the enforceability of relevant contractual 
arrangements, or have other adverse effects on us. The numerous and often vague restrictions on acceptable content in 
China subject us to potential civil and criminal liability, temporary blockage of our PC websites, mobile applications, 
mobile websites and third-party platform accounts or complete shut-down of the above-mentioned sites. For example, the 
State Secrecy Bureau, which is directly responsible for the protection of state secrets of all Chinese government and 
Chinese Communist Party organizations, is authorized to block any websites or mobile applications it deems to be leaking 
state secrets or failing to meet the relevant regulations relating to the protection of state secrets in the distribution of online 
information. In addition, the newly amended Law on Preservation of State Secrets, which became effective on October 1, 
2010, provides that whenever an Internet service provider detects any leakage of state secrets in the distribution of online 
information, it should stop the distribution of such information and report to the authorities of state security and public 
security. As per request of the authorities of state security, public security or state secrecy, the Internet service provider 
should delete any contents on its websites or mobile applications that may lead to disclosure of state secrets. Failure to do 
so on a timely and adequate basis may subject the service provider to liability and certain penalties imposed by the State 
Security Bureau, Ministry of Public Security and/or MIIT or their respective local counterparts.

Under the Cybersecurity Law of the People’s Republic of China, or Cybersecurity Law, which became effective on June 
1, 2017, when network operators, such as us, provide users with information publication services, instant messaging 
services and other services, they shall require users to provide real identity information at the time of signing agreements 
with users or confirming the provision of services. Where users do not provide real identify information, network 
operators shall not provide them with relevant services. If network operators fail to comply with these requirements, 
relevant competent authorities may order the operators to rectify, and if they fail to rectify or if the circumstances are 
serious, a fine may be imposed, and the relevant competent authorities may order the operators to suspend operation, close 
down the website, and revoke their relevant business permits and licenses; and a fine of no less than RMB10,000 but no 
more than RMB100,000 may be imposed on the persons directly in charge and other directly responsible persons.

On September 28, 2009, the General Administration of Press and Publication (the predecessor of SAPPRFT), or GAPP 
and the National Office of Combating Pornography and Illegal Publications jointly published a circular expressly 
prohibiting foreign investors from participating in Internet game operating business via wholly owned, equity joint 
venture or cooperative joint venture investments in China, and from controlling and participating in such businesses 
directly or indirectly through contractual or technical support arrangements. On February 4, 2016, the SAPPRFT and the 
MIIT jointly issued the Administrative Measures on Network Publication Service, which took effect on March 10, 2016 
and prohibit wholly foreign-owned enterprises, Sino-foreign equity joint ventures and Sino-foreign cooperative 
enterprises from engaging in the provision of web publishing services. In addition, project cooperation between an 
Internet publishing service provider and a wholly foreign-owned enterprise, Sino-foreign equity joint venture, or Sino-
foreign cooperative enterprise within China or an overseas organization or individual involving Internet publishing 
services shall be subject to examination and approval by the SAPPRFT in advance.

Due to the popularity and broad use of the Internet and other online services, it is possible that a number of laws and 
regulations may be adopted with respect to the Internet or other online services covering issues such as user privacy, pricing, content, 
copyrights, distribution, antitrust and characteristics and quality of products and services. The adoption of additional laws or 
regulations may impede the growth of the Internet or other online services, which could, in turn, decrease the demand for our products 
and services and increase our cost of doing business. Moreover, the applicability to the Internet and other online services of existing 
laws in various jurisdictions governing issues such as property ownership, sales and other taxes, libel and personal privacy is uncertain 
and may take years to resolve. Any new legislation or regulation, the application of laws and regulations from jurisdictions whose 
laws do not currently apply to our business, or the application of existing laws and regulations to the Internet and other online services 
could significantly disrupt our operations or subject us to penalties.

The interpretation and application of existing PRC laws, regulations and policies, the stated positions of relevant PRC 

government authorities and possible new laws, regulations or policies have created substantial uncertainties regarding the legality of 
existing and future foreign investments in, and the businesses and activities of, Internet businesses in China, including our business.

 Our advertising and content distribution business, including UGC, are regulated by the relevant PRC laws and regulations and 
competent government authorities. If such business operations are considered inappropriate by the competent government 

30

authorities, we may be subject to penalties or we may have to interrupt or stop the operation of our PC websites, mobile 
applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts.

China has enacted regulations governing Internet access and the distribution of news and other information. In the past, the 
Chinese government has stopped the distribution of information over the Internet or through mobile Internet devices that it believes 
violates Chinese law, including content that it believes is obscene or defamatory, incites violence, endangers the national security, or 
contravenes the national interest. In addition, certain news items, such as news relating to national security, may not be published 
without permission from the Chinese government. If the Chinese government were to take any action to limit or prohibit the 
distribution of information through our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts, or 
through our services, or to limit or regulate any current or future content or services available to users on our network, our business 
could be significantly harmed.

In addition to professionally produced content, content from Phoenix TV and our in-house produced content, we allow our 
users to upload text and images (UGC) to our PC websites, mobile applications and mobile websites. As of December 31, 2023, we 
had a content screening team of six employees and more than 138 outsourced staff members who are responsible for monitoring and 
preventing the public release of inappropriate or illegal content, including UGC, on our PC websites, mobile applications and mobile 
websites or through our services. In addition to the staff of our content screening team, we also take advantage of the assistance of AI 
technology to ensure the efficiency and safety of content monitoring. Although we have adopted internal procedures to monitor the 
content displayed on our PC websites, mobile applications and mobile websites, due to the significant amount of UGC uploaded by 
our users, we may not be able to identify all the UGC that may violate relevant laws and regulations. Failure to identify and prevent 
inappropriate or illegal content from being displayed on our PC websites, mobile applications and mobile websites may subject us to 
liability.

Content provided on our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts may expose us to 
libel or other legal claims, which may result in costly legal damages.

Claims have been threatened and filed against alleging for libel, defamation, invasion of privacy and other matters based on 

the nature and content of the materials posted on our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform 
accounts. While we screen our content for such potential liability, there is no assurance that our screening process will identify all 
potential liability, especially liability arising from UGC and content we license from third parties. In the past, some of the claims 
brought against us have resulted in liability. Although to date none of such claims resulting material loss, we cannot assure you we 
will not be subject to future claims that could be costly, encourage similar lawsuits, distract our management team or harm our 
reputation and possibly our business. For more information, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—
Legal and Administrative Proceedings.”

Advertisements on our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts may subject us to 
penalties and other administrative actions.

Under PRC advertising laws and regulations, we are obligated to monitor the advertising content shown on our PC websites, 

mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts to ensure that such content is true, accurate and in full 
compliance with applicable laws and regulations. In addition, where a special government review is required for specific types of 
advertisements prior to websites or mobile application posting, such as advertisements relating to medical treatment, pharmaceuticals, 
medical instruments, agrochemicals, veterinary pharmaceuticals and health food, we are obligated to confirm that such review has 
been performed and approval has been obtained from relevant governmental authorities, which include the local branch of the State 
Administration for Market Regulation (formerly known as the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, or SAIC), or SAMR, 
the local branch of the National Health Commission and the local branch of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 
On April 24, 2015, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress issued the Advertisement Law, which took effect on 
September 1, 2015 and was further amended on October 26, 2018 and April 29, 2021, to further strengthen the supervision and 
management of advertisement services. In addition, on July 4, 2016, the SAIC issued the Interim Measures for the Administration of 
Internet Advertising, or the Interim Measures. On March 24, 2023, the SAMR promulgated the Measures for Internet Advertising 
Management, or the New Measures, which became effective on May 1, 2023, to replace the Interim Measures for the Administration 
of Internet Advertising. Pursuant to these laws and regulations, any advertisement that contains false or misleading information to 
deceive or mislead consumers shall be deemed false advertising. Furthermore, the Advertisement Law explicitly stipulates detailed 
requirements for the content of several different kinds of advertisement, including advertisements for medical treatment, 
pharmaceuticals, medical instruments, health food, alcoholic drinks, education or training, products or services having an expected 
return on investment, real estate, pesticides, feed and feed additives, and some other agriculture-related advertisement. Also, according 
to the New Measures, no advertisement of such special commodities or services that are subject to examination by an advertising 
examination authority shall be published unless it has passed such examination. In addition, an Internet advertisement shall be 
identifiable and can make consumers recognize it as an advertisement Commodities or services ranked under competitive bidding 
shall be clearly identified as an “advertisement” so that they can be distinguished from the natural search results. We may be subject to 

31

enhanced supervision and more serious penalties in case of a violation (if any) pursuant to such new Advertisement Law and the New 
Measures. To fulfill these monitoring functions, we include clauses in most of our advertising contracts requiring that all advertising 
content provided by advertisers must comply with relevant laws and regulations. Pursuant to the contracts between us and advertising 
agencies, advertising agencies are liable for all damages to us caused by their breach of such representations. Before a sale is 
confirmed and the advertisement is publicly posted on our PC websites or mobile applications or mobile websites and third-party 
platform accounts, our account execution personnel, who comprise a separate back-office team, are required to review all advertising 
materials to ensure there is no racial, violent, pornographic or any other improper content, and will request the advertiser to provide 
proof of governmental approval if the advertisement is subject to special government review. Violation of these laws and regulations 
may subject us to penalties, including fines, confiscation of our advertising income, orders to cease dissemination of the 
advertisements and orders to eliminate the effect of illegal advertisement. PRC governmental authorities may even force us to 
terminate our advertising operation or revoke our licenses in circumstances involving serious violations.

A majority of the advertisements shown on our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform 
accounts are provided to us by third-party advertising agencies on behalf of advertisers. We cannot assure you that all of the content 
contained in such advertisements is true and accurate as required by the advertising laws and regulations. For example, the 
Advertisement Law provides that an advertisement operator who posts false or fraudulent advertisements related to the life and health 
of the consumers, or who knows or should have known other kind of posted advertisement is false or fraudulent will be subject to joint 
and several liabilities. The New Measures provides that Internet advertisement publishers shall verify related supporting documents, 
check the contents of the advertisement and be prohibited from publishing any advertisement with nonconforming contents or without 
all the necessary certification documents. However, for the determination of the truth and accuracy of the advertisements, there are no 
implementing rules or official interpretations, and such a determination is at the sole discretion of the relevant local branch of the 
SAMR, which results in uncertainty in the application of these laws and regulations. If we are found to be in violation of applicable 
PRC advertising laws and regulations in the future, we may be subject to penalties and our reputation may be harmed, which may have 
a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects.

In addition, online information distributors and related service providers, as well as marketplace platform operators, are 

required to conduct businesses in full compliance with the Anti-unfair Competition Law in China, and may not unfairly compete with 
others or cause disruption to social and economic orders, including but not limited to carrying out any false or misleading commercial 
promotions, inserting a link into an online product or service legally provided by another business operator to compel a destination 
jump without the approval of such business operator. In November 2017 and April 2019, the Anti-unfair Competition Law of the PRC 
was amended, which further emphasized that a business operator that engage in production and business activities utilizing the 
information network shall abide by all the provisions of the Anti-unfair Competition Law, and may not engage in any false or 
misleading publicity for its products or services. Violation of these provisions may subject the relevant business operators to various 
penalties, including an order from the competent governmental authorities to cease its illegal acts and fines, or in case of a severe 
violation, revocation of business licenses.

Ineffective implementation of the separation of our advertising sales and regulatory compliance functions may result in 
insufficient supervision over the content of advertisements shown on our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and 
third-party platform accounts and may subject us to penalties or administrative actions.

We keep our advertising sales function separate from our team that is in charge of government compliance in order to prevent 
potential conflicts between our advertising business and our compliance with relevant PRC advertising laws and regulations. Before a 
sale is confirmed and the relevant advertisements are publicly posted on our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and 
third-party platform accounts, our account execution personnel, who comprise a separate back-office team that does not interface 
directly with advertisers, are required to review all advertising materials to ensure that the relevant advertisements do not contain any 
racial, violent, pornographic or any other improper content. These personnel will request an advertiser to provide proof of 
governmental approval if its advertisement is subject to special governmental review. Such procedures are designed to enhance our 
regulatory compliance efforts. However, in the event that the separation of advertising sales and regulatory compliance functions is 
not effectively implemented, the content of our advertisements may not be in full compliance with applicable laws and regulations. If 
we are found to be in violation of applicable laws and regulations in the future, we may be subject to penalties and our reputation may 
be harmed. This may have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

We prioritize product innovation and user experience over short-term operating results, which may harm our revenue and 
operating results.

We encourage employees to quickly develop and help us launch new and innovative features. We focus on improving the user 

experience for our products and services and on developing new and improved products and services for the advertisers on our 
platforms. We frequently make product and service decisions that may negatively impact our short-term operating results if we believe 
that the decisions are consistent with our goals to improve user experience and performance for advertisers, which we believe will 
improve our operating results over the long term. These decisions may not be consistent with the short-term expectations of investors 

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and may not produce the long-term benefits that we expect, in which case our user growth and user engagement, our relationships with 
advertisers and our business and operating results could be harmed. In addition, our focus on user experience may negatively impact 
our relationships with our existing or prospective customers. This could result in a loss of customers and platforms partners, which 
could harm our revenue and operating results.

The continuing and collaborative efforts of our senior management, key employees and other employees are crucial to our success, 
and our business may be harmed if we were to lose their services.

Our success depends on the continuous efforts and services of our executive officers and other key personnel. We experienced 

departures of executive officers and other key personnel in the past, and there may be such departures in the future. If one or more of 
our executives or other key personnel are unable or unwilling to continue to provide services to us, we may not be able to find suitable 
replacements easily or at all. Competition for management and key personnel is intense and the pool of qualified candidates is limited. 
We may not be able to retain the services of our executives or key personnel, or attract and retain experienced executives or key 
personnel in the future. We do not maintain key-man life insurance for any of our key personnel. If any of our executive officers or 
key employees joins a competitor or forms a competing company, we may lose advertisers, know-how and key professionals and staff 
members. Each of our executive officers and key employees has entered into an employment agreement and a non-compete agreement 
with us. However, if any dispute arises between us and our executives or key employees, these agreements may not be enforceable in 
China, where these executives and key employees reside, in light of uncertainties with China’s legal system. See “—Risks Relating to 
Doing Business in China—Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system could limit the protections available to you and us.”

Our future success will also depend on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled technical, managerial, editorial, finance, 

marketing, sales and customer service employees. Qualified individuals are in high demand, and we may not be able to successfully 
attract, assimilate or retain the personnel we need to succeed.

Our business and reputation may be harmed by the misconduct or errors of our employees or their failure to perform their duties.

Misconduct, including illegal, fraudulent or collusive activities, unauthorized business conducts and behavior, misuse of 

corporate authorization, or errors by our employees or their failure to perform their duties could subject us to legal liability and 
negative publicity. Our employees may conduct fraudulent activities to bypass our internal system and to complete shadow 
transactions and/or transactions outside our official or authorized manner, such as kickbacks, self-dealing, misappropriation of 
corporate funds and resources, disclosing users’ information to competitors or other third parties for personal gains, or applying for 
fake reimbursement. They may conduct activities in violation of unfair competition law, which may expose us to unfair competition 
allegations and risks or conduct activities that may damage our reputation, corporate culture or internal working environment, such as 
sexual harassment. While we continue to strengthen our code of conduct and related internal policies, we cannot assure you that such 
incidents will not occur in the future. It is not always possible to identify and deter such misconduct, and the precautions we take to 
detect and prevent these activities may not be effective in controlling unknown or unmanaged risks or losses or in protecting us from 
governmental investigations or other actions or lawsuits stemming from a failure to prevent such misconduct. Such misconduct could 
damage our brand and reputation, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

We have been in the past and may continue to be subject to complaints, claims, controversies, regulatory actions and legal 
proceedings, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operation, financial condition, liquidity, cash flows and 
reputation.

We have been and may continue to be subject to or involved in various complaints, claims, controversies, regulatory actions, 

arbitrations and legal proceedings. Complaints, claims, arbitration, lawsuits, and litigations are subject to inherent uncertainties, and 
we are uncertain whether existing or new claims against us would develop into lawsuits or regulatory penalties and other disciplinary 
actions. Lawsuits, litigations, arbitration and regulatory actions may cause us to incur substantial costs or fines, utilize a significant 
portion of our resources and divert management’s attention from our day-to-day operations, or materially modify or suspend our 
business operations, any of which could materially and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and business 
prospects.

Defending litigations or other claims against us is costly and can impose a significant burden on our management and 

employees, and there can be no assurances that favorable final outcomes will be obtained in all cases. For example, we have been 
subject to various legal proceedings in connection with certain intellectual property infringement and personality rights infringement 
and have paid damages for some of those legal proceedings. In 2021, 2022 and 2023, we incurred damages of RMB2.2 
million, RMB3.1 million and RMB3.9 million, respectively. See “— We have been and expect we will continue to be exposed to 
intellectual property infringement and other claims, including claims based on content posted on our PC websites, mobile applications, 
mobile websites and third-party platform accounts, which could be time-consuming and costly to defend and may result in substantial 
damage awards and/or court orders that may prevent us from continuing to provide certain of our existing services.” and “Item 4. 
Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Legal and Administrative Proceedings” for more information.

33

In addition, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in the claims we pursue against other parties. Any resulting 
liability, losses or expenses, or changes required to our businesses to reduce the risk of future liability, may have a material adverse 
effect on our business, financial condition and prospects. There remain uncertainties in the interpretation of PRC laws in different 
jurisdictions, and an adverse outcome of a single claim against us in one jurisdiction regarding our business practices may result in 
significant negative publicity and heightened scrutiny by regulators and courts of our business and operations across the country, or 
potential penalties or other regulatory actions against us. Any of such outcomes may cause significant disruptions to our operations 
and materially and adversely affect our results of operation and financial condition.

We have granted, and may continue to grant, stock options, restricted shares and restricted share units under our share incentive 
plans or adopt new share incentive plans in the future, which may result in increased share-based compensation.

We adopted a share option plan in June 2008, a restricted share and restricted share unit plan in March 2011 and a share 
option scheme in June 2018. In addition, one of our subsidiaries, Fread Limited, adopted a restricted share unit scheme in March 2018. 
As of March 31, 2024, options to purchase 24,067,223 Class A ordinary shares granted under the 2008 share option plan and the 2018 
share option scheme were outstanding. As of March 31, 2024, a total of 920,000 restricted shares of Fread Limited were 
granted. See “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—B. Compensation of Directors, Supervisors and Executive 
Directors—Share Incentive Plans.” For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, we recorded RMB9.6 million, RMB7.9 
million and RMB3.7 million (US$0.5 million), respectively, in share-based compensation. We believe the granting of share-based 
awards is of significant importance to our ability to attract and retain key personnel and employees, and we will continue to grant 
stock options to employees in the future. We intend to grant additional stock options to our employees going forward, and we may 
adopt new share incentive plans in the future, which we expect will further increase our share-based compensation. If we continue to 
grant share options in the future, our share-based compensation will increase accordingly.

We have been and expect we will continue to be exposed to intellectual property infringement and other claims, including claims 
based on content posted on our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts, which could 
be time-consuming and costly to defend and may result in substantial damage awards and/or court orders that may prevent us 
from continuing to provide certain of our existing services.

Our success depends, in large part, on our ability to operate our business without infringing third-party rights, including third-

party intellectual property rights. Companies in the Internet, technology and media industries own, and are seeking to obtain, a large 
number of patents, copyrights, trademarks and trade secrets, and they are frequently involved in litigation based on allegations of 
infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights or other related legal rights. There may be patents issued or pending that 
are held by others that cover significant aspects of our technologies, products, business methods or services. We license our premium 
licensed content from third parties. We also derive profits from online digital reading that are based on intellectual property licensed to 
us by third parties. Although our license agreements with our licensors generally require that the licensors have the legal right to 
license such content to us and give us the right to promptly remove any content that we have been notified contains infringing 
material, we cannot ensure that each licensor has such authorization and we may not receive notification of infringement. If any 
purported licensor does not actually have sufficient authorization relating to the premium licensed content or right to license a work of 
authorship provided to us, we may be subject to claims of copyright infringement from third parties and penalties imposed by 
competent government authorities, and we cannot ensure we can be fully indemnified by the relevant licensor for all losses we may 
incur from such claims.

In order to strengthen the protection of intellectual property right, Chinese government and courts are improving the judicial 

system for resolving intellectual property disputes in China. As intellectual property litigation is becoming more common in China, we 
face increased risk of being sued for potential intellectual property infringements. Third parties may take action and file claims against 
us if they believe that certain content on our site violates their copyrights or other related legal rights. We have been subject to such 
claims in the PRC. Government authorities may also impose administrative penalties on us if they find that we have infringed third 
parties’ intellectual property rights. In October 2015, the National Copyright Bureau imposed a fine of RMB250,000 on Tianying 
Jiuzhou for disseminating on our PC websites, mobile applications and mobile websites one work of literature that we licensed from 
third parties that were alleged to have no legal rights to license such work. In November 2016, China Youth Book Inc. and Dewey 
Press LLC filed a claim against Tianying Jiuzhou and our company for intellectual property infringement of such work based on the 
above-mentioned finding of the National Copyright Bureau, and the related claim for damage was approximately RMB235.8 million, 
even though the actual income we generated from such work was less than RMB1,500. This claim was withdrawn by the plaintiffs in 
January 2018. In April 2018, we received notices from the local court that the plaintiffs have filed a lawsuit against us again for the 
same claim, with the related claim for damages reduced to approximately RMB99.8 million. In April 2020, we received the judgment 
from the local court which ordered us to pay the plaintiffs a total of approximately RMB1.0 million as economic compensation and 
reimbursement of the plaintiff’s reasonable expenses. After the plaintiff filed an appeal against the judgment made by the local court, 
the appellate court made the final judgment in December 2020 and upheld the local court’s decision. Tianying Jiuzhou has 
subsequently paid a total of approximately RMB1.0 million in damages to the plaintiff and fulfilled its obligation under the judgment. 
In June 2021, the plaintiff applied for a retrial with the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Court conducted a hearing 

34

on the matter of retrial. On April 7, 2023, the Supreme People’s Court has rendered its decision and dismissed the 
plaintiff’s application for retrial. In 2023, we also received some complaints and claims from third parties alleging intellectual 
property infringements by us, although some of the complainants have not provided necessary proofs of title or infringements. While 
we are negotiating with theses complainants and some of these claims are still pending as of the date of this annual report, we cannot 
assure you that we will not be proved to have infringed their intellectual property rights or be required to pay any compensation. For 
more information, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Legal and Administrative Proceedings.”

In addition, our platforms are open to Internet users for uploading text and images and our we-media vertical obtained content 

produced by a large number of we-media publishers, such as we-media outlets, public intellectual, commentators, scholars, key 
opinion leaders, or KOLs and professors. As a result, content posted by our users, including we-media publishers and other Internet 
users, may expose us to allegations by third parties of infringement of intellectual property rights, invasion of privacy, defamation and 
other violations of third-party rights. Pursuant to our user agreement, users agree not to use our services in a way that is illegal, 
obscene or may otherwise violate generally accepted codes of ethics. However, given the volume of content uploaded, it is not 
possible and we do not attempt to identify and remove all potentially infringing content uploaded or published by our users, which 
may subject us to various claims by third parties.

Moreover, as we continue to hire new personnel, we may be subject to allegations and claims that some of our new employees 

may have disclosed trade secrets or other proprietary information of their former employers to us, especially when such employees 
were previously employed by our competitors or companies with similar businesses as ours. Any such allegation or claim, even if 
unfounded, could have a negative impact on our reputation, and our financial condition and operating results may suffer as a result.

We cannot assure you that we have not become subject to copyright laws in other jurisdictions, such as the United States, by 

virtue of our listing in the United States, the ability of users to access our videos in the United States and other jurisdictions, the 
ownership of our ADSs by investors, the extraterritorial application of foreign law by foreign courts or otherwise. Although we have 
not previously been subject to legal actions for copyright infringement in jurisdictions other than China, it is possible that we may be 
subject to such claims in the future. Any such claims in China, U.S., or elsewhere, regardless of their merit, could be time-consuming 
and costly to defend, and may result in litigation and divert management’s attention and resources. Furthermore, an adverse 
determination in any such litigation or proceedings to which we may become a party in China, U.S. or elsewhere could cause us to pay 
substantial damages. For example, statutory damage awards in the U.S. can range from US$750 to US$30,000 per infringement, and if 
the infringement is found to be intentional, can be as high as US$150,000 per infringement. Additionally, the risk of an adverse 
determination in such litigation or an actual adverse determination may result in harm to our reputation or in adverse publicity. The 
risk of an adverse result or the actual adverse result in litigation may also require us to seek licenses from third parties, pay ongoing 
royalties or become subject to injunctions requiring us to remove content or take other steps to prevent infringement, each of which 
could prevent us from pursuing some or all of our business and result in our users and advertisers or potential users and advertising 
customers deferring or limiting their use of our services, which could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and 
operating results.

We may not be able to adequately protect our intellectual property, which could cause us to be less competitive.

We rely on a combination of copyright, trademark and trade secret laws and restrictions on disclosure to protect our 
intellectual property rights. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise 
obtain and use our copyrighted content and other intellectual property. Monitoring such unauthorized use is difficult and costly, and 
we cannot be certain that the steps we have taken will prevent misappropriation. From time to time, we may have to resort to litigation 
to enforce our intellectual property rights, which could result in substantial costs and diversion of our resources. The PRC is increasing 
the protection to a company’s intellectual property, but has historically afforded less protection than the United States and the Cayman 
Islands, and therefore companies such as ours operating in the PRC face an increased risk of intellectual property piracy.

The discontinuation of any of the preferential tax treatments available to us in China could materially and adversely affect our 
operating results and financial condition.

Under PRC tax laws and regulations, our PRC subsidiary, Beijing Fenghuang Yutian Software Technology Co., Ltd., or 

Fenghuang Yutian, Beijing Fenghuang Borui Software Technology Co., Ltd., or Fenghuang Borui, Fenghuang On-line and Tianying 
Jiuzhou enjoyed, or are qualified to enjoy, certain preferential income tax benefits. The PRC Corporate Income Taxes Law (“CIT 
Law”), effective on January 1, 2008, further amended on February 24, 2017 and December 29, 2018, and as well as its implementation 
rules, all significantly curtail tax incentives granted to foreign-invested enterprises. The CIT Law generally applies an income tax rate 
of 25% to all enterprises, but grants preferential tax treatment to High and New Technology Enterprises (“HNTEs”). Under these 
preferential tax treatments, HNTEs are entitled to an income tax rate of 15%, subject to a requirement that they re-apply for HNTE 
status every three years.

35

Fenghuang On-line was qualified as an HNTE in 2020 and 2023, and therefore, Fenghuang On-line was subject to a 15% 

income tax rate in the reporting periods from 2021 to 2023. Fenghuang Yutian was qualified as an HNTE in 2020 and 2023,and 
therefore, Fenghuang Yutian was subject to a 15% income tax rate in the reporting periods from 2021 to 2023. In 2021, Fenghuang 
Borui was qualified as an HNTE, and therefore, Fenghuang Borui was subject to a 15% income tax rate in the reporting periods 
from 2021 to 2023. Tianying Jiuzhou was qualified as an HNTE in 2020, and therefore, Tianying Jiuzhou was subject to a 15% 
income tax rate in the reporting periods of 2021 and 2022, and was subject to a 25% income tax rate in 2023. See “Item 10. Additional 
Information—E. Taxation.”

We have limited business insurance coverage.

The insurance industry in China is still young and the business insurance products offered in China are limited. We do not 

have any business liability or disruption insurance coverage for our operations. Any business disruption, litigation or natural disaster 
may cause us to incur substantial costs and divert our resources.

A prolonged slowdown in the global or PRC economies may materially and adversely affect our operating results, financial 
condition, prospects and future expansion plans.

The global financial markets experienced opportunities and challenges side by side in 2023. There is considerable uncertainty 

over the long-term effects of the expansionary monetary and fiscal policies adopted by the central banks and financial authorities of 
some of the world’s leading economies, including the United States and China. There have been concerns over unrest and terrorist 
threats in the Middle East, Europe and Africa and over the conflicts involving Ukraine, Syria and North Korea. There have also been 
concerns over regional instability and tension, such as the relationship among China and other Asian countries, which may result in, or 
intensify potential conflicts in relation to, territorial disputes, and the trade disputes between the United States and China. It is unclear 
whether these challenges and uncertainties will be contained or resolved, and what effects they may have on the global political and 
economic conditions in the long term. As China shifts from high-speed to high-quality growth, China’s gross domestic product growth 
decelerated since 2012. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, China’s gross domestic product growth was at 5.2% 
in 2023. Since demand for our paid and advertising services are sensitive to macro-economic conditions globally and in the PRC, our 
business prospects may be affected by the macroeconomic environment. Any prolonged slowdown or contraction in the global or PRC 
economy may have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition, and continued turbulence in 
the international markets may materially and adversely affect our ability to access the capital markets to meet liquidity needs.

PRC regulations establish complex procedures for certain acquisitions of PRC companies by foreign investors, which could make 
it more difficult for us to pursue growth through acquisitions in China.

On August 8, 2006, six PRC regulatory authorities, including the CSRC, jointly promulgated the Regulations on Mergers and 
Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors, or the 2006 M&A Rules, which were later amended on June 22, 2009. The 
2006 M&A Rules establish procedures and requirements that could make some acquisitions of PRC companies by foreign investors 
more time-consuming and complex, including requirements in some instances that China’s Ministry of Commerce, or MOFCOM, be 
notified in advance of any change-of-control transaction, in which a foreign investor takes control of a PRC domestic enterprise. 
Moreover, the Anti-Monopoly Law requires that the anti-trust governmental authority shall be notified in advance of any 
concentration of undertaking if certain thresholds are triggered. In addition, national security review rules issued by the PRC 
governmental authorities in 2011 require acquisitions by foreign investors of domestic companies engaged in military related or 
certain other industries that are crucial to national security to be subject to prior security review. According to the Rules of Ministry of 
Commerce on Implementation of Security Review System of Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors 
promulgated by MOFCOM on August 25, 2011, or the MOFCOM Security Review Rules, a security review is required for mergers 
and acquisitions of PRC domestic enterprises by foreign investors (i) having “national defense and security” concerns, and (ii) where 
the foreign investors may acquire the “de facto control” of the PRC domestic enterprises having national security concerns such as key 
farm products, key energy and resources, and key infrastructure, transportation, technology and major equipment manufacturing 
industries. The Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Establishing the Security Review System for Mergers and 
Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors promulgated on February 3, 2011, or Circular No. 6, however, does not 
define the term of “key” or “major”, nor has it exhausted all the industries that may be deemed as sensitive industries subject to the 
security review.

We may expand our business in part by acquiring complementary businesses. Complying with the requirements of the 2006 
M&A Rules, the MOFCOM Security Review Rules, if applicable, and other PRC regulations to complete such transactions could be 
time-consuming, and any required approval processes, including obtaining approval from MOFCOM, may delay or inhibit our ability 
to complete such transactions, which could affect our ability to expand our business or maintain our market share. However, it is also 
uncertain whether the 2006 M&A Rules, the MOFCOM Security Review Rules or the other PRC regulations regarding the 
acquisitions of PRC companies by foreign investors will be materially repealed or amended as the Foreign Investment Law, or the 

36

FIL, became effective on January 1, 2020. Any adverse change in rules or regulations may have a material adverse effect on our 
business and operating results.

We believe we are not an investment company pursuant to Section 3(b)(1) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as 
amended, or the 1940 Act, because we believe we are primarily engaged in a non-investment company business, but there can be 
no assurances that the SEC or the courts will agree with our view.

An issuer will generally be deemed to be an “investment company” for purposes of the 1940 Act if absent an applicable 

exemption:

•

•

it is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, 
reinvesting or trading in securities; or

it owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of its total assets 
(exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis.

We believe that we are engaged primarily in the business of providing digital media content and selling advertisement 
placements and not in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. We hold ourselves out as a digital media business 
and do not propose to engage primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Accordingly, we do not 
believe that we would be defined as an investment company under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the 1940 Act. 

Under Section 3(a)(1)(C), however, because certain of our term deposits and short-term investments may be viewed as 

investment securities, we believe that we were at times during recent years deemed a prima facie investment company because we 
owned investment securities with a cumulative value exceeding 40% of the value of our total assets (exclusive of cash items and 
government securities) on an unconsolidated basis. As of December 31, 2023, less than 40% of the Company’s assets, exclusive of 
cash items and U.S. government securities and on an unconsolidated basis, consisted of investment securities. Therefore, at periods of 
time during the preceding year we relied upon Section 3(b)(1) under the 1940 Act to avoid being deemed an investment company.  

Section 3(b)(1) is an exemption that is available to issuers that are primarily engaged in a “business other than that of 
investing, reinvesting, owning, holding, or trading in securities,” notwithstanding that the composition of their assets would cause the 
issuer to fail the test under Section 3(a)(1)(C).  Following an application of the five-factor test used by the SEC and courts to test 
whether an issuer may rely on Section 3(b)(1), our board of directors has determined that we may rely on Section 3(b)(1) to self-
determine that we are not an investment company because we believe it is clear that we are primarily engaged, indirectly through our 
wholly owned subsidiaries and our VIE subsidiaries, in the business of providing digital media content and selling advertisement 
placements.  The determination of whether we may rely on Section 3(b)(1) is an inherently subjective analysis of the nature of our 
business and must be determined based on a review of all of the applicable facts and circumstances while considering the belief those 
factors are likely to cause in prospective investors.  As such, we cannot assure you that the SEC or the courts would agree with our 
board’s conclusion that our company was exempt from the definition of an investment company under the 1940 Act pursuant to 
Section 3(b)(1).

We intend to conduct our business activities to maintain compliance with the 1940 Act and that may negatively impact our ability 
to operate our business as contemplated. Moreover, if we were deemed an “investment company” under 1940 Act, we could be 
required to take remedial actions that would further interfere operating our business as contemplated. If we are unable to 
successfully complete necessary remedial actions, we may face severe legal consequences associated with the operation of an 
unregistered investment company.

We intend to continue to conduct our businesses and operations in a manner that allows us to maintain our ability to avoid 

relying on Section 3(b)(1) going forward. We have sought opportunities to deploy our assets in a manner that would reduce the 
percentage of our assets that may be viewed as investment securities, including those opportunities that would result in our company 
acquiring a majority of the outstanding voting securities in entities or businesses that complement or enhance our main businesses and 
are not themselves investment companies.  

We also intend that, over time, we will reallocate our liquid assets into more cash items so that investment securities will 

make up less of our assets. As of December 31,2023, we were able to decrease our percentage of investment securities to below 40% 
of our assets, exclusive of cash items and U.S. government securities, on an unconsolidated basis. As a result, we no longer need to 
rely on Section 3(b)(1) to be exempt from the definition of an investment company provided under Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the 1940 
Act because we are now able to directly satisfy the test under Section 3(a)(1)(C) on an unconsolidated basis. We also intend to limit 
new strategic investments to those opportunities which would present excellent opportunities to complement or enhance our main 
businesses or would otherwise assist us in achieving our current corporate objectives without materially increasing the amount of 
investment securities held by our company. There can be no assurances that our efforts in these areas will be successful and, 

37

accordingly, we cannot assure you that our company will be successful at maintaining its asset composition in compliance with 
Section 3(a)(1)(C) at all times or that our company will always be able to rely on Section 3(b)(1).

While we do not believe that we are now, or have in the past, operated as an unregistered investment company, if we were 
deemed to have done so by the SEC and an appropriate court of law, we may have to take immediate action to change our business 
activities or asset composition and those changes may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, or results of 
operations. Given that we are not an entity organized under the laws of a U.S. jurisdiction, if we are deemed to be an investment 
company, we cannot register as such under the 1940 Act as a means to come into compliance with the 1940 Act. Therefore if we find 
ourselves in such a situation, the only available options would be to either dispose of disqualifying assets or to acquire assets that 
would help us qualify for an exemption from the definition of an investment company. If we are required to dispose of assets to 
maintain compliance with the 1940 Act, such dispositions may include investment securities or subsidiaries of our company that may 
potentially be sold at a loss. If we are required to acquire assets to maintain compliance with the 1940 Act, we may not be able to 
acquire those assets at optimal prices and there may be opportunity costs associated with using capital to fund those asset acquisitions 
rather than other priorities of our company.

If the SEC or an appropriate court of law were to determine that we are not entitled to rely on Section 3(b)(1), now or in the 

past, or if we are unable to maintain our assets so that we are able to avoid being deemed an investment company under Section 
3(a)(1)(C) going forward, we may be found to be in violation of the 1940 Act. Such a determination would subject us to potential 
material adverse consequences including regulatory penalties, the inability to offer our securities to U.S. persons and or otherwise 
make use of the instrumentalities of interstate commerce in the U.S., and the possibility that certain of our contracts could be deemed 
retroactively invalid and unenforceable by us and give our contractual counterparties the option to rescind those agreements.

We believe we were a passive foreign investment company for 2023, and that there is a material risk that we may be classified as a 
passive foreign investment company for the current and future taxable years, which could result in adverse United States federal 
income tax consequences to United States Holders (as defined below).

Based upon the past and projected composition of our income and assets, and the valuation of our assets, we believe we were 

a “passive foreign investment company,” or PFIC, for 2023, and that there is a material risk that we may be classified as a PFIC for 
the current and future taxable years. The determination of whether we are a PFIC is made on an annual basis and will depend on the 
composition of our income and assets from time to time. Specifically, we will be classified as a PFIC for United States federal income 
tax purposes for any taxable year in which: (i) at least 75% of our gross income is passive income, or (ii) at least 50% of the value 
(generally determined based on a quarterly average) of our assets is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of 
passive income. The calculation of the value of our assets will be based, in part, on the quarterly market value of our ADSs, which is 
subject to change. See “Item 10. Additional Information—E. Taxation—Material United States Federal Income Tax Consequences—
Passive Foreign Investment Company.”

In addition, it is not entirely clear how the contractual arrangements between us and the VIEs will be treated for purposes of 

the PFIC rules. If it is determined that we do not own the stock of the VIEs for United States federal income tax purposes (for 
instance, because the relevant PRC authorities do not respect these arrangements), we are more likely to be treated as a PFIC.

Such characterization as a PFIC could result in adverse United States federal income tax consequences to you if you are a 

United States Holder, as defined under “Item 10. Additional Information—E. Taxation—Material United States Federal Income Tax 
Consequences.” For example, you may become subject to increased tax liabilities under United States federal income tax laws and 
regulations, and will become subject to burdensome reporting requirements.

If we are a PFIC for any year during which a United States Holder holds our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares, we generally 

will continue to be treated as a PFIC for all succeeding years during which such United States Holder holds our ADSs or Class A 
ordinary shares, unless we cease to be a PFIC and such United States Holder makes a certain election. See “Item 10. Additional 
Information —E. Taxation—Material United States Federal Income Tax Consequences—Passive Foreign Investment Company.” The 
determination of our PFIC status is based on an annual analysis that includes ascertaining the fair market value of all of our assets on a 
quarterly basis and the character of each item of income we earn. Because this involves extensive factual investigation and cannot be 
completed until the close of a taxable year, there can be no assurance we will not be a PFIC for any future year. 

Our strategy of acquiring complementary assets, technologies and businesses may fail and may result in equity or earnings 
dilution.

As part of our business strategy, we intend to identify and acquire assets, technologies and businesses that are complementary 

to our business. Acquired businesses or assets may not yield the results we expect. In addition, acquisitions could result in the use of 
substantial amounts of cash, potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, significant amortization expenses related to intangible 
assets and exposure to potential unknown liabilities of the acquired business. Moreover, the cost of identifying and consummating 

38

acquisitions, and integrating the acquired businesses into ours, may be significant, and the integration of acquired business may be 
disruptive to our business operations. In addition, we may have to obtain approval from the relevant PRC governmental authorities for 
the acquisitions and comply with any applicable PRC rules and regulations, which may be costly. In the event our acquisitions are not 
successful, our financial condition and results of operation may be materially and adversely affected.

Failure of our business strategies through our subsidiaries, affiliates and other business alliance partners could negatively affect 
our financial condition, operating results and reputation.

Aligned with our business strategies, we have made and may undertake in the future investments in subsidiaries, affiliates and 

other business alliance partners in various Internet-related businesses.

In August 2020, we acquired 6.04% equity interest in Humanistic Intelligence Inc., or Humanistic Intelligence through a 

series of debt restructuring and share exchange transactions. As the investment in Humanistic Intelligence is redeemable at the option 
of us, it is not considered in-substance common stock but considered debt securities. Our investment in Humanistic Intelligence is 
classified as available-for-sale debt investments and reported at fair value. We had fully written down the whole investment in 
Humanistic Intelligence and recognized an impairment loss related to credit losses of RMB6.0 million in 2022. As of December 31, 
2023, the fair value of investment in Humanistic Intelligence was nil.

We made substantial investments in Particle in the form of investments and loans in the past. Particle operates Yidian, a 
personalized news and life-style information application in China that allows users to define and explore desired content on their 
mobile devices. In 2019, we entered into a share purchase agreement with Run Liang Tai Management Limited, or Run Liang Tai, and 
its designated entities and entered into a series of supplemental agreements thereafter, for our sale of 235,051,527 convertible 
redeemable preferred shares of Particle. The transaction was arranged to deal in several installments and the last batch transaction was 
closed on October 19, 2020. We recognized a gain on disposal of available-for-sale debt investments of RMB1,143.8 million and 
RMB573.9 million in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss) for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020, 
respectively. In September 2022, we paid the withholding tax related to the disposal of available-for-sale debt investments in Particle 
and recognized an income tax benefit of RMB64.4 million, which represented the difference between the actual withholding tax paid 
in 2022 and the previously accrued withholding tax. In August 2020, we acquired 4,584,209 Series D1 preferred shares of Particle 
from Run Liang Tai, which were previously pledged to us to secure the repayment of an interest-free loan with the principal of 
approximately US$9.7 million granted by us to Run Liang Tai. As of the date of this annual report, we held 4,584,209 Series D1 
convertible redeemable preferred shares of Particle, which had been accounted for as available-for-sale debt investments, representing 
an aggregate of approximately 0.60% equity interest in Particle on an as-if converted basis (which reflected the completion of the 
issuance of additional shares under Particle’s share incentive plan). The fair value of our available-for-sale debt investments in Particle 
was RMB0.3 million (US$0.04 million) as of December 31, 2023.

We hold 50% of the equity interest in Beijing Fenghuang Tianbo Network Technology Co., Ltd., or Tianbo. Before April 

2019, as we had significant influence over financial and operating decision-making, we accounted for the 50% equity interest by using 
the equity method of accounting. On April 1, 2019, we obtained control over Tianbo and consolidated Tianbo starting from April 1, 
2019. Tianbo is principally engaged in operation of the real estate vertical and sales of real estate advertisements for us.

In November 2018, we acquired a 10% equity interest in Yitong Technology (Hangzhou) Limited, or Yitong Technology, by 

investing in newly issued shares of Yitong Technology with a total consideration of RMB13.0 million. Yitong Technology mainly 
engages in big data application development and operation in China. As of December 31, 2023, the carrying value of our equity 
investment in Yitong Technology was RMB13.0 million (US$1.8 million).

In January 2020, we and an independent third party proposed to jointly operate advertising business. One of our wholly-
owned subsidiaries, Fengqingyang (Beijing) Culture Transmission Co., Ltd., or Fengqingyang, formerly known as Beijing Youjiuzhou 
Technology Co., Ltd., underwent an increase in share capital and as a result, we and the third-party hold 60% and 40% of the equity 
interest in Fengqingyang, respectively. We continue to consolidate Fengqingyang. 

In May 2020, our board of directors approved an investment program in selected venture capital funds, according to which, 

we signed the relevant agreements in relation to a total amount of RMB90.0 million investments and acquired partnership interests in 
three funds. As of December 31, 2022, we made a total of RMB90.0 million investments in these three funds. Investments in two of 
such funds with total considerations of RMB60.0 million were accounted for under equity method as significant influence could be 
imposed by us, and the investment in the other fund of RMB30.0 million was accounted for using the net asset value as a practical 
expedient under ASC 820. In December 2023, one venture capital fund accounted for under equity method returned investment capital 
contribution of RMB1.1 million (US$0.2 million) to us, which was calculated on a pro rata basis. The carrying value of investments in 
the three funds as of December 31, 2023 were RMB73.2 million (US$10.3 million). The changes in the carrying value of investments 
in the three funds were mainly attributable to the changes in estimated fair value of the underlying investments held by the funds.

39

In December 2020, we acquired, through Tianying Jiuzhou, approximately 3.7773% partnership interests in Guangzhou 

Kesheng Jiada Network Partnership, or Kesheng Jiada, with a consideration of RMB10.0 million, representing 1.0% indirect equity 
interest in 4K Garden Network Technology (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., or 4K Garden, a company that focuses on developing 4K ultra HD 
content ecosystem and related technology and 5G+ ultra HD application technology platform. Kesheng Jiada is a special purpose 
vehicle that holds equity interest in 4K Garden. As the investments in Kesheng Jiada lack readily determinable fair values, we elect to 
use the measurement alternative defined as cost, less impairments, adjusted by observable price changes in orderly transactions for the 
identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. In January 2021, we acquired additional 1.8886% partnership interests in Kesheng 
Jiada, representing 0.5% indirect equity interest in 4K Garden, with a consideration of RMB5.0 million. As of December 31, 2023, the 
carrying value of the equity investment was RMB15.0 million (US$2.1 million). 

In addition, we previously invested in several other businesses. After considering the operating results of these entities and the 

likelihood of recovering value from such investments, our equity interest in these businesses have been fully impaired.

It is uncertain whether we will receive the expected benefits from these investments, due to any adverse regulatory changes, 

worsening of economic conditions, increased competition or other factors that may negatively affect the related business activities. We 
accounted for some of our investments in affiliates under the equity method. Therefore, net losses incurred by equity method investees 
may cause us to record our share of the net losses. Furthermore, we may lose the capital which we have invested in affiliates and other 
business alliances or may incur impairment losses on securities acquired in such alliances. 

While we do not have such arrangements in place, we may in the future be required under contractual or other arrangements 

to provide financial support, including credit support and equity investments, to our business alliance partners in the future. 
Additionally, we may also incur credit costs from our credit exposure to such business alliance partners. If there is any negative news 
coverage about our business alliance partners, our reputation may also be harmed as a result of our affiliation with them.

Some of the businesses we have invested in are subject to intensive regulation. As a result of such regulations which are 
beyond our control, our business strategies may fail. Any adverse regulatory change may have a material adverse impact on the 
business and financial performance of our subsidiaries, affiliates and other business alliance partners. Furthermore, unanticipated costs 
and liabilities may be incurred in connection with those business strategies, including liabilities from the claims related to the 
businesses prior to our business alliances, and cost from actions by regulatory authorities.

We may have conflicts of interest with some of the affiliated companies we have invested in and, because some of our board 
members and executive officers may hold positions or have other interests in such companies, we may not be able to resolve such 
conflicts on terms favorable for us.

We may have conflicts of interests with some of the affiliated companies we have invested in if any of our board members 

and executive officers hold directorship and/or senior management positions and may own shares, restricted share units and/or options 
in these affiliated companies. Our affiliated companies may grant or promise incentive share compensation to certain of our board 
members and executive officers from time to time if our board members and executive officers hold directorship and/or senior 
management positions in such affiliated companies. These relationships, if exist, could create, or appear to create, conflicts of interest 
when these persons are faced with decisions with potentially different implications for these affiliated companies and us. In addition, 
we do not have a non-compete agreement with most of our affiliated companies and therefore neither we nor they are prohibited from 
entering into competition with each other in respect of our respective current businesses or new businesses. As such, we may not be 
able to resolve potential conflicts, and even if we do so, the resolution may be less favorable to us than if we were dealing with 
unrelated parties.

We face risks related to natural disasters, health epidemics and other outbreaks, which could significantly disrupt our operations. 

We are vulnerable to natural disasters and other calamities that are beyond our control. Fire, floods, typhoons, earthquakes, 

power loss, telecommunications failures, break-ins, war, riots, terrorist attacks or similar events may give rise to server interruptions, 
breakdowns, system failures or Internet failures, which could cause the loss or corruption of data or malfunctions of software or 
hardware as well as adversely affect our ability to provide our credit products.

Our business could also be adversely affected by the effects of health epidemics and pandemics, such as COVID-19, Ebola 
virus disease, H1N1 flu, H7N9 flu, avian flu, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, or SARS. In particular, the COVID-19 pandemic 
had negatively affected the global and Chinese economy as well as the advertising market in China from the beginning of 2020 
through the end of 2022. We observed negative impact on our advertising business during such period as our clients in China have 
been forced to reevaluate their marketing strategies and budgets and our business operations were adversely affected. Although the 
impact of COVID-19 pandemic started to subside since the end of 2022, our business, results of operations, financial conditions and 
prospects could be materially and adversely affected to the extent that any other epidemic harms the Chinese economy in general.

40

Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure

Phoenix TV (BVI) owns our Class B ordinary shares with 1.3 votes per share, allowing it and Phoenix TV to exercise control over 
matters subject to shareholder approval, and their interests may not be aligned with the interests of our other shareholders.

Phoenix TV (BVI), a wholly owned direct subsidiary of Phoenix TV, owned 55.0% of our total issued and outstanding shares 

as of March 31, 2024. Moreover, all shares held by Phoenix TV (BVI) are Class B ordinary shares with 1.3 votes per share. As a 
result, Phoenix TV (BVI) held 61.4% of the total voting power of our ordinary shares as of March 31, 2024. Accordingly, Phoenix TV 
(BVI), and Phoenix TV through Phoenix TV (BVI), have substantial control over the outcome of corporate actions requiring 
shareholder approval, including the election of directors, any merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of our assets or 
any other significant corporate transaction, and their interests may not align with the interests of our other shareholders. Phoenix TV 
(BVI) may take actions that are not in the best interest of us or our other shareholders and may also delay or prevent a change of 
control or otherwise discourage a potential acquirer from attempting to obtain control of us, even if such a change of control would 
benefit our other shareholders. This significant concentration of share ownership may adversely affect the trading price of our ADSs 
due to investors’ perception that conflicts of interest may exist or arise.

We may have conflicts of interest with Phoenix TV and, because of Phoenix TV’s controlling beneficial ownership interest in our 
company, may not be able to resolve such conflicts on terms favorable for us.

Conflicts of interest may arise between Phoenix TV and us in a number of areas relating to our past and ongoing 

relationships. Potential conflicts of interest that we have identified include the following:

•

•

•

•

Our board members or executive officers may have conflicts of interest. Certain of our board members and executive 
officers hold senior management positions in Phoenix TV. Phoenix TV may continue to grant incentive share 
compensation to certain of our board members and executive officers from time to time. These relationships could create, 
or appear to create, conflicts of interest when these persons are faced with decisions with potentially different implications 
for Phoenix TV and us.

Sale of shares in our company. Phoenix TV (BVI) may decide to sell all or a portion of our shares that it beneficially owns 
to a third party, including to one of our competitors, thereby giving that third party substantial influence over our business 
and our affairs. Such a sale could be contrary to the interests of certain of our shareholders, including our employees or 
public shareholders.

Competition. We do not have a non-compete agreement with Phoenix TV and its subsidiaries and affiliates, therefore 
neither we nor Phoenix TV is prohibited from entering into competition with each other in respect of our respective 
current businesses or new businesses.

Allocation of business opportunities. Business opportunities may arise that both we and Phoenix TV find attractive, and 
which would complement our respective businesses. We and Phoenix TV do not have an agreement governing the 
allocation of new business opportunities presented to us and Phoenix TV in the future, and therefore, it is not certain 
which company will have the priority to pursue such business opportunities when such opportunities arise.

Although our company is a separate, stand-alone entity, Phoenix TV (BVI), a wholly owned direct subsidiary of Phoenix TV, 
owns Class B ordinary shares, each of which will be entitled to 1.3 votes on all matter subject to shareholders’ vote, and we operate as 
a part of the Phoenix TV Group. Phoenix TV may from time to time make strategic decisions that it believes are in the best interests of 
its business as a whole, including our company. These decisions may be different from the decisions that we would have made on our 
own. Phoenix TV’s decisions with respect to us or our business may be resolved in ways that favor Phoenix TV and therefore Phoenix 
TV’s own shareholders, which may not coincide with the interests of our other shareholders. We may not be able to resolve any 
potential conflicts, and even if we do so, the resolution may be less favorable to us than if we were dealing with noncontrolling 
shareholder. Even if both parties seek to transact business on terms intended to approximate those that could have been achieved 
among unaffiliated parties, this may not succeed in practice.

If the PRC government finds that the agreements that establish the structure for operating our businesses in China do not comply 
with PRC governmental restrictions on foreign investment in Internet businesses, or if these regulations or the interpretation of 
existing regulations change in the future, we would be subject to severe penalties or be forced to relinquish our interests in those 
operations.

Current PRC laws and regulations place certain restrictions on foreign ownership of companies that engage in Internet and 

mobile businesses. Specifically, pursuant to the Regulations for Administration of Foreign-Invested Telecommunications Enterprises 
issued by the State Council on December 11, 2001 and amended on September 10, 2008, February 6, 2016 and March 29, 2022, 
foreign ownership in an Internet content provider or other value-added telecommunication service providers may not exceed 50%. We 

41

conduct our operations in China principally through contractual arrangements among our wholly-owned PRC subsidiary, Fenghuang 
On-line, and two VIEs in the PRC, namely, Tianying Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe, and their respective shareholders. Fenghuang 
Ronghe holds 100% equity interest of Yifeng Lianhe. Yifeng Lianhe holds the licenses and permits necessary to conduct our mobile 
business in China, while Tianying Jiuzhou holds the licenses and permits necessary to conduct our Internet portal, video, mobile 
business, and Internet advertising and related businesses in China. Our contractual arrangements with Tianying Jiuzhou and 
Fenghuang Ronghe, and their respective shareholders enable us to have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact 
the economic performance of these entities and provide us with economic benefits of these entities and hence treat them as the VIEs 
and consolidate their results. For a detailed discussion of these contractual arrangements, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—
C. Organizational Structure.”

We cannot assure you, however, that we will be able to enforce these contracts. Although we believe we are in compliance 

with current PRC regulations, we cannot assure you that the PRC government would agree that these contractual arrangements comply 
with PRC licensing, registration or other regulatory requirements, with existing policies or with requirements or policies that may be 
adopted in the future. PRC laws and regulations governing the validity of these contractual arrangements are uncertain and the 
relevant government authorities have broad discretion in interpreting these laws and regulations. For example, it is uncertain whether 
the government authorities will promulgate other implementation rules of FIL and how the implementation rules, when they come into 
force, may impact the viability of our current corporate structure in the future. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks 
Relating to Doing Business in China—Uncertainties exist with respect to the interpretation and implementation of the Foreign 
Investment Law and how it may impact the viability of our current corporate structure, corporate governance and business 
operations.” In addition, these contractual arrangements have not been tested in a court of law. If the PRC government determines that 
we do not comply with applicable laws and regulations, it could revoke our business and operating licenses, require us to discontinue 
or restrict our operations, restrict our right to collect revenues, block our PC websites or mobile applications or mobile websites or 
third-party platform accounts, require us to restructure our operations, impose additional conditions or requirements with which we 
may not be able to comply, or take other regulatory or enforcement actions against us that could be harmful to our business. The 
imposition of any of these penalties would result in a material and adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business, which could 
cause the value of our ADSs to significantly decline or become worthless.

In August 2011, MOFCOM promulgated the MOFCOM Security Review Rules, to implement the Circular No. 

6 promulgated on February 3, 2011. The MOFCOM Security Review Rules came into effect on September 1, 2011 and replaced the 
Interim Provisions of MOFCOM on Matters Relating to the Implementation of the Security Review System for Mergers and 
Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors promulgated by MOFCOM in March 2011. According to these circulars 
and rules, a security review is required for mergers and acquisitions by foreign investors having “national defense and security” 
concerns and mergers and acquisitions by which foreign investors may acquire the “de facto control” of domestic enterprises having 
“national security” concerns. In addition, when deciding whether a specific merger or acquisition of a domestic enterprise by foreign 
investors is subject to the security review, MOFCOM will look into the substance and actual impact of the transaction. The MOFCOM 
Security Review Rules further prohibit foreign investors from bypassing the security review requirement by structuring transactions 
through proxies, trusts, indirect investments, leases, loans, control through contractual arrangements or offshore transactions. There is 
no explicit provision or official interpretation stating that our online game business falls into the scope subject to the security review, 
and there is no requirement for foreign investors in those mergers and acquisitions transactions already completed prior to the 
promulgation of Circular No. 6 to submit such transactions to MOFCOM for security review. As we have already obtained the “de 
facto control” over our variable interest entities prior to the effectiveness of these circulars and rules and our current business would 
not have concerns on “national defense and security” or “national security,” we do not believe we are required to submit our existing 
contractual arrangement to MOFCOM for security review. However, as there is a lack of clear statutory interpretation on the 
implementation of these circulars and rules, there is no assurance that MOFCOM will have the same view as we do when applying.

We rely on contractual arrangements with the VIEs in China, and their shareholders, for our business operations, which may not 
be as effective in providing operational control or enabling us to derive economic benefits as through ownership of controlling 
equity interest.

Phoenix New Media limited is not a Chinese operating company but a Cayman Islands holding company with operations 

primarily conducted by its subsidiaries in China and through contractual arrangements with the VIEs based in China. We rely on and 
expect to continue to rely on contractual arrangements with the VIEs in China and their respective shareholders to operate our Internet 
and mobile businesses. These contractual arrangements may not be as effective in providing us with control over the VIEs as 
ownership of controlling equity interest would be in providing us with control over, or enabling us to derive economic benefits from 
the operations of, the VIEs. If we had ownership of the VIEs, we would be able to exercise our rights as a shareholder to (i) effect 
changes in the board of directors of those entities, which in turn could effect changes, subject to any applicable fiduciary obligations, 
at the management level, and (ii) derive economic benefits from the operations of the VIEs by causing them to declare and pay 
dividends. However, under the current contractual arrangements, as a legal matter, if any of the VIEs or any of their shareholders fails 
to perform its, his or her respective obligations under these contractual arrangements, we may have to incur substantial costs and 
resources to enforce such arrangements, and rely on legal remedies available under PRC laws, including seeking specific performance 

42

or injunctive relief, and claiming damages, which we cannot assure you will be effective. For example, if shareholders of an VIE were 
to refuse to transfer their equity interest in such VIE to us or our designated persons when we exercise the purchase option pursuant to 
these contractual arrangements, we may have to take a legal action to compel them to fulfill their contractual obligations.
If (i) the applicable PRC authorities invalidate these contractual arrangements for violation of PRC laws, rules and regulations, (ii) any 
VIE or its shareholders terminate the contractual arrangements or (iii) any VIE or its shareholders fail to perform their obligations 
under these contractual arrangements, our business operations in China would be adversely and materially affected, and the value of 
your ADSs would substantially decrease or become worthless. Further, if we fail to renew these contractual arrangements upon their 
expiration, we would not be able to continue our business operations unless the then current PRC law allows us to directly operate the 
applicable businesses in China.

In addition, if any affiliate consolidated entity or all or part of its assets become subject to liens or rights of third-party 
creditors, we may be unable to continue some or all of our business activities, which could materially and adversely affect our 
business, financial condition and operating results. If any of the VIEs undergoes a voluntary or involuntary liquidation proceeding, its 
shareholders or unrelated third-party creditors may claim rights to some or all of these assets, thereby hindering our ability to operate 
our business, which could materially and adversely affect our business, our ability to generate revenue and the market price of your 
ADSs.

All of these contractual arrangements are governed by PRC law and provide for the resolution of disputes through arbitration 

in the PRC. The legal environment in the PRC is not as developed as in some other jurisdictions, such as the United States. As a result, 
uncertainties in the PRC legal system could limit our ability to enforce these contractual arrangements. In the event we are unable to 
enforce these contractual arrangements, we may not be able to exert effective control over our operating entities, and our ability to 
conduct our business may be negatively affected.

The shareholders of the VIEs may have potential conflicts of interest with us.

Current PRC laws and regulations place certain restrictions on foreign ownership of companies that engage in Internet and 

mobile businesses. The shareholders of the VIEs are individuals who are PRC citizens. None of the shareholders of the VIEs are 
significant shareholders of our company. Therefore, the interests of these individuals as shareholders of the VIEs and the interests of 
our company may conflict. We cannot assure you that when conflicts of interest arise, any or all of these individuals will act in the 
best interests of our company or that any conflict of interest will be resolved in our favor. In addition, these individuals may breach or 
cause the VIEs that they beneficially own to breach or refuse to renew the existing contractual arrangements, which will have an 
adverse effect on our ability to effectively direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIEs 
and receive economic benefits from them. Currently, we do not have existing arrangements to address potential conflicts of interest 
between these shareholders and our company. We rely on these shareholders to abide by the laws of the Cayman Islands and China. If 
we cannot resolve any conflicts of interest or disputes between us and the shareholders of the VIEs, we would have to rely on legal 
proceedings, the outcome of which is uncertain and which could be disruptive to our business.

The contractual arrangements with the VIEs may be subject to scrutiny by the PRC tax authorities and may result in a finding that 
we owe additional taxes or are ineligible for tax exemption, or both, which could substantially increase our taxes owed and thereby 
reduce our net income.

Under applicable PRC laws, rules and regulations, arrangements and transactions between related parties may be subject to 

audits or challenges by the PRC tax authorities. If any of the transactions we have entered into between our wholly-owned subsidiary 
in China and any of the VIEs and their respective shareholders are determined by the PRC tax authorities not to be on an arm’s length 
basis, or are found to result in an impermissible reduction in taxes under applicable PRC laws, rules and regulations, the PRC tax 
authorities may adjust the profits and losses of such VIE and assess more taxes on it. In addition, the PRC tax authorities may impose 
late payment fees and other penalties to such VIE for under-paid taxes. Our net income may be adversely and materially affected if the 
tax liabilities of any of the VIEs increase or if it is found to be subject to late payment fees or other penalties.

We rely on dividends and other distributions on equity from our PRC subsidiaries to fund any cash and financing requirements we 
have, and any limitation on the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to pay dividends to us could have a material adverse effect on our 
ability to conduct our business.

We and our non-PRC subsidiaries rely on dividends and other distributions on equity from our PRC subsidiaries, for our cash 

requirements, including the funds necessary to repay the short-term loans or service any debt we may incur. If our PRC subsidiaries 
incur debt on its own behalf in the future, the instruments governing the debt may restrict its ability to pay dividends or make other 
distributions to us. In addition, the PRC tax authorities may require us to adjust our taxable income under the contractual arrangements 
Fenghuang On-line currently has in place with the respective VIEs in a manner that would materially and adversely affect the ability 
of Fenghuang On-line to pay dividends and other distributions to us. Further, relevant PRC laws, rules and regulations permit 
payments of dividends by our PRC subsidiaries only out of their retained earnings, if any, determined in accordance with accounting 

43

standards and regulations of China. Our PRC subsidiaries must set aside at least 10% of after-tax income each year to reserve funds 
prior to payment of dividends until the cumulative fund reaches 50% of their respective registered capital. As a result of these PRC 
laws, rules and regulations, our PRC subsidiaries are restricted from transferring a portion of their net assets to us whether in the form 
of dividends. As of December 31, 2023, our consolidated accumulated deficit was RMB513.4 million (US$72.3 million), out of which 
our PRC subsidiaries’ retained earnings were approximately RMB749.2 million (US$105.5 million). There is no assurance that the 
PRC government will not intervene or impose restrictions on our ability to transfer cash. Any limitation on the ability of our PRC 
subsidiaries to pay dividends to us and our non-PRC subsidiaries could materially and adversely limit our ability to grow, make 
investments or acquisitions that could be beneficial to our businesses, pay dividends, repay loans or otherwise fund and conduct our 
business. For more details of the hypothetical taxes that we might be required to pay within mainland China, see “—Taxation on 
Dividends or Distributions”.

Strengthened scrutiny over acquisition and disposition transactions by the PRC tax authorities may have a negative impact on us 
or your disposition of our shares or ADS.

Our operations and transactions are subject to review by the PRC tax authorities pursuant to relevant PRC laws and 

regulations. However, these laws, regulations and legal requirements change frequently, and their interpretation and enforcement 
involve uncertainties. For example, on April 30, 2009, the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation jointly issued 
the Notice on Issues Concerning Process of Enterprise Income Tax in Enterprise Restructuring Business, or Circular 59. On 
December 10, 2009, the State Administration of Taxation issued the Notice on Strengthening the Management on Enterprise Income 
Tax for Equity Transfers of Non-resident Enterprises, or Circular 698. Both Circular 59 and Circular 698 became effective 
retroactively on January 1, 2008. Pursuant to the two circulars, in the event that we dispose of any equity interest in wholly foreign-
owned enterprises, whether directly or indirectly, we may be subject to income tax on capital gains generated from disposal of such 
equity interest. The PRC tax authorities have the discretion under Circular 59 and Circular 698 to make adjustments to taxable capital 
gains based on the difference between the fair value of the equity interest transferred and the cost of the corresponding investment. If 
the PRC tax authorities make such an adjustment, our income tax costs will be increased.

By promulgating and implementing the circulars, the PRC tax authorities have strengthened their scrutiny over the direct or 

indirect transfer by non-resident enterprises of equity interest in PRC resident enterprises. For example, Circular 698 specifies that the 
PRC State Administration of Taxation is entitled to redefine the nature of an equity transfer where offshore holding vehicles are 
interposed for tax-avoidance purposes and without reasonable commercial purpose. On February 3, 2015, the State Administration of 
Taxation issued the Notice on Several Issues regarding Enterprise Income Tax for Indirect Property Transfer by Non-resident 
Enterprises, or SAT Circular 7, which further specifies the criteria for judging reasonable commercial purpose, and the legal 
requirements for the voluntary reporting procedures and filing materials in the case of indirect property transfer. SAT Circular 7 has 
listed several factors to be taken into consideration by tax authorities in determining whether an indirect transfer has a reasonable 
commercial purpose. However, despite these factors, an indirect transfer satisfying all the following criteria shall be deemed to lack 
reasonable commercial purpose and be taxable under the PRC laws: (i) 75% or more of the equity value of the intermediary enterprise 
being transferred is derived directly or indirectly from the PRC taxable properties; (ii) at any time during the one year period before 
the indirect transfer, 90% or more of the asset value of the intermediary enterprise (excluding cash) is comprised directly or indirectly 
of investments in the PRC, or 90% or more of its income is derived directly or indirectly from the PRC; (iii) the functions performed 
and risks assumed by the intermediary enterprise and any of its subsidiaries that directly or indirectly hold the PRC taxable properties 
are limited and are insufficient to prove their economic substance; and (iv) the foreign tax payable on the gains derived from the 
indirect transfer of the PRC taxable properties is lower than the potential PRC tax on the direct transfer of such assets. Nevertheless, 
the indirect transfer falling into the scope of the safe harbor under SAT Circular 7 may not be subject to PRC tax and such safe harbor 
includes qualified group restructuring, public market trading and tax treaty exemptions. Under SAT Circular 7, the entities or 
individuals obligated to pay the transfer price to the transferor shall be the withholding agent and shall withhold the PRC tax from the 
transfer price. 

On October 17, 2017, the SAT released the Public Notice Regarding Issues Concerning the Withholding of Non-resident 

Enterprise Income Tax at Source, or SAT Public Notice 37, effective from December 1, 2017. SAT Public Notice 37 replaced a series 
of important circulars, including but not limited to SAT Circular 698, and revised the rules governing the administration of 
withholding tax on China-source income derived by non-resident enterprises. SAT Public Notice 37 made certain key changes to the 
current withholding regime such as (i) the withholding obligation for dividend payment to non-resident enterprises arises on the day 
the payment is actually made rather than the day of the board resolution to declare the dividends; and (ii) the self-reporting 
requirements on non-resident enterprises in certain circumstances is removed.

It is not clear to what extent the holders of our shares or ADS may be subject to these requirements. We have conducted and 

may conduct acquisitions and dispositions involving complex corporate structures, and we may not be able to make timely filings with 
the PRC tax authorities as required. The PRC tax authorities may, at their discretion, impose or adjust the capital gains on us or the 
holders of our shares or ADS or request us or the holders of our shares or ADS to submit additional documentation for their review in 
connection with any relevant acquisition or disposition, and thus cause us or the holders of our shares or ADS to incur additional costs.

44

Risks Relating to Doing Business in China 

Adverse changes in political and economic policies of the PRC government could have a material adverse effect on the overall 
economic growth of China, which could reduce the demand for our services and materially and adversely affect our competitive 
position.

Since substantially all of our business operations are conducted in China, our business, financial condition, operating results 

and prospects are significantly affected by economic, political, social and legal developments in China, and by continued growth in 
China as a whole. The Chinese economy differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including:

•

•

•

•

•

•

the degree of government involvement;

the level of development;

the growth rate;

the regulation of foreign exchange;

access to financing; and

the allocation of resources.

Although the Chinese government has implemented measures emphasizing the utilization of market forces for economic 

reform, the reduction of state ownership of productive assets, and the establishment of improved corporate governance in business 
enterprises, a substantial portion of productive assets in China is still owned by the government. In addition, the Chinese government 
continues to play a significant role in regulating industry development. The Chinese government also exercises significant control over 
China’s economic growth through allocating resources, regulating payment of foreign currency-denominated obligations, setting 
monetary policy, restricting the inflow and outflow of foreign capital, regulating financial services and institutions, and providing 
preferential treatment to particular industries or companies.

While the Chinese economy has continued to grow in the past couple of years, the growth has been uneven, both 

geographically and among various sectors of the economy. The PRC government has implemented various measures to encourage or 
contain economic growth and guide the allocation of resources. Some of these measures benefit the overall Chinese economy, but may 
also have a negative effect on our operations. For example, our operating results and financial condition may be materially and 
adversely affected by government control over capital investments or changes in tax regulations that are applicable to us. The PRC 
government also has significant authority to exert influence on the ability of an issuer with substantial operations in China, such as our 
company, to conduct its business, control over securities offerings conducted overseas and/or foreign investments in an issuer with 
substantial operations in China. The PRC government may intervene or influence the operations of an issuer with substantial 
operations in China, such as our company, at any time, which could result in a material change in our operations and/or the value of 
our ADSs. In particular, there have been recent statements by the PRC government indicating an intent to exert more oversight and 
control over offerings that are conducted overseas and/or foreign investment in China-based issuers with substantial operations in 
China. Any such regulatory oversight or control could significantly limit or completely hinder our ability to offer or continue to offer 
securities to investors and cause the value of our securities to significantly decline or become worthless. See “—Uncertainties with 
respect to the PRC legal system could limit the protections available to you and us.” In addition, in the past the PRC government has 
implemented certain measures, including increases in interest rates and the reserve requirement ratio of the People’s Bank of China, or 
the PBOC, to control the pace of growth.

Furthermore, there have been ongoing discussions and commentary regarding potential significant changes to the United 

States trade policies, treaties, tariffs and taxes, including trade policies and tariffs regarding China. These changes have created 
significant uncertainty about the future relationship between the United States and China. It is uncertain what measures will be 
adopted by the governments of the United States and China and such measures, or the perception that any of them could occur, may 
have a material adverse effect on our region, global economic conditions and the stability of global financial markets.
It is unclear whether PRC economic policies will be effective in sustaining stable economic growth in the future. In addition, other 
economic measures, as well as future actions and policies of the PRC government, could also materially affect our liquidity and access 
to capital and our ability to operate our business. Substantially all of our assets are located in China and substantially all of our 
revenues are derived from our operations in China. Accordingly, our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects are 
subject, to a significant extent, to economic, political and legal developments in China.

Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system could limit the protections available to you and us.

The PRC legal system is a civil law system based on written statutes. Unlike in the common law system, prior court decisions 

may be cited for reference but have limited precedential value. Since 1979, PRC legislation and regulations have significantly 

45

enhanced the protections afforded to various forms of foreign investments in China. We conduct substantially all of our business 
through our subsidiary, the VIEs and their subsidiaries established in China. However, since the PRC legal system continues to rapidly 
evolve, rules and regulations in China can change quickly with little advance notice, the interpretations of many laws, regulations and 
rules are not always uniform and enforcement of these laws, regulations and rules involve uncertainties, which may limit legal 
protections available to us. For example, we may have to resort to administrative and court proceedings to enforce the legal protection 
that we enjoy either by law or contract. However, since PRC administrative and court authorities have significant discretion in 
interpreting and implementing statutory and contractual terms, it may be difficult to evaluate the outcome of Chinese administrative 
and court proceedings and the level of legal protection we enjoy in China. These uncertainties may impede our ability to enforce the 
contracts we have entered into with our employees, business partners, customers and suppliers. In addition, such uncertainties, 
including the inability to enforce our contracts, could materially and adversely affect our business and operations. Uncertainties due to 
evolving laws and regulations could also impede the ability of a China-based issuer, such as our company, to obtain or maintain 
permits or licenses required to conduct business in China. In the absence of required permits or licenses, governmental authorities 
could impose material sanctions or penalties on us. In addition, if China adopts stringent standards with respect to environmental 
protection or corporate social responsibilities, we may incur increased compliance cost or become subject to additional restrictions in 
our operations. Accordingly, we cannot predict the effect of future developments in the PRC legal system, including the promulgation 
of new laws, changes to existing laws or the interpretation or enforcement thereof, or the preemption of local regulations by national 
laws. For instance, on March 15, 2019, the National People’s Congress promulgated the FIL, which took effect on January 1, 2020, 
and the government authorities may promulgate other implementation rules subsequently. See “Item 4. Information on the 
Company—B. Business Overview—Regulatory Matters—Foreign Investment Law.” Substantial uncertainties still exist with respect 
to the interpretation and implementation of these new laws. As a result, we may not be aware of how it may impact the viability of our 
current corporate structure, corporate governance and business operations. These uncertainties could limit the legal protections 
available to us and other foreign investors. In addition, any litigation in China may be protracted and result in substantial costs and 
diversion of our resources and management attention.

Fluctuations in exchange rates of the Renminbi could materially affect our reported operating results.

The exchange rates between the Renminbi and the U.S. dollar, Euro and other foreign currencies is affected by, among other 

things, changes in China’s political and economic conditions. On July 21, 2005, the PRC government changed its policy of pegging 
the value of the Renminbi to the U.S. dollar. In 2021, the RMB appreciated approximately 2.3% against the U.S. dollar; in 2022, the 
RMB depreciated approximately 8.2% against the U.S. dollar; and in 2023, the RMB depreciated approximately 2.9% against the U.S. 
dollar. It is difficult to predict how market forces or PRC or U.S. government policy may impact the exchange rate between the RMB 
and the U.S. dollar in the future. It remains unclear what further fluctuations may occur or what impact this will have on our results of 
operations.

As we may rely on dividends and other fees paid to us by our subsidiary and the VIEs in China, any significant revaluation of 
the Renminbi may materially and adversely affect our cash flows, revenues, earnings and financial position, and the value of, and any 
dividends payable on, our ADSs in U.S. dollars. To the extent that we need to convert U.S. dollars we will receive from any offshore 
financing that we may undertake in the future into Renminbi for our operations, appreciation of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar 
would have an adverse effect on the Renminbi amount we would receive from the conversion. Conversely, if we decide to convert our 
Renminbi into U.S. dollars for the purpose of making payments for dividends on our ordinary shares or ADSs or for other business 
purposes or commercial reasons, appreciation of the U.S. dollar against the Renminbi would have a negative effect on the U.S. dollar 
amount available to us. We and our subsidiaries and the VIEs may also engage in transactions in currencies different from their 
respective functional currencies, including RMB and U.S. dollars, and therefore record foreign exchange gain or loss due to changes 
in exchange rates between these currencies. As a result of the above, our operating results are sensitive to changes in exchange rates of 
the Renminbi against other currencies including U.S. dollars. Future fluctuations that are adverse to us could have a material adverse 
effect on our results of operation, financial condition or liquidity.

The ability of U.S. authorities to bring actions for violations of U.S. securities law and regulations against us, our directors, 
executive officers or the expert named in this annual report may be limited and therefore you may not be afforded the same 
protection as provided to investors in U.S. domestic companies.

The SEC, U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) and other authorities often have substantial difficulties in bringing and 
enforcing actions against non-U.S. companies such as us, and non-U.S. persons, such as our directors and executive officers in China. 
Due to jurisdictional limitations, matters of comity and various other factors, the SEC, DOJ and other U.S. authorities may be limited 
in their ability to pursue bad actors, including in instances of fraud, in emerging markets such as China. We conduct substantially all 
of our operations in China and substantially all of our assets are located in China. In addition, a majority of our directors and executive 
officers reside within China. There are significant legal and other obstacles for U.S. authorities to obtain information needed for 
investigations or litigation against us or our directors, executive officers or other gatekeepers in case we or any of these individuals 
engage in fraud or other wrongdoing. In addition, local authorities in China may be constrained in their ability to assist U.S. 
authorities and overseas investors more generally. As a result, if we have any material disclosure violation or if our directors, 

46

executive officers or other gatekeepers commit any fraud or other financial misconduct, the U.S. authorities may not be able to 
conduct effective investigations or bring and enforce actions against us, our directors, executive officers or other gatekeepers. 
Therefore, you may not be able to enjoy the same protection provided by various U.S. authorities as it is provided to investors in U.S. 
domestic companies.

You may experience difficulties in effecting service of legal process, enforcing foreign judgments or bringing original actions in 
China, based on United States or other foreign laws, against us, our directors, executive officers or the experts named in this 
annual report and therefore you may not be able to enjoy the protection of such laws in an effective manner.

We conduct substantially all of our operations in China and substantially all of our assets are located in China. In addition, a 

majority of our directors and executive officers reside within China. As a result, it may not be possible to effect service of process 
within the United States or elsewhere outside China upon us, our directors and executive officers, including with respect to matters 
arising under U.S. federal securities laws or applicable state securities laws. Even if you obtain a judgment against us, our directors, 
executive officers or the expert named in this annual report in a U.S. court or other court outside China, you may not be able to 
enforce such judgment against us or them in China. China does not have treaties providing for the reciprocal recognition and 
enforcement of judgments of courts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan or most other western countries. Therefore, 
recognition and enforcement in China of judgments of a court in any of these jurisdictions may be difficult or impossible. In addition, 
you may not be able to bring original actions in China based on the U.S. or other foreign laws against us, our directors, executive 
officers or the expert named in this annual report either. As a result, shareholder claims that are common in the U.S., including class 
action securities law and fraud claims, are difficult or impossible to pursue as a matter of law and practicality in China. For example, 
in China, there are significant legal and other obstacles to obtaining information needed for shareholder investigations or litigation 
outside China or otherwise with respect to foreign entities. Although the local authorities in China may establish a regulatory 
cooperation mechanism with the securities regulatory authorities of another country or region to implement cross-border supervision 
and administration, such regulatory cooperation with the securities regulatory authorities in the Unities States have not been efficient 
in the absence of mutual and practical cooperation mechanism. According to Article 177 of the PRC Securities Law which became 
effective in March 2020, no overseas securities regulator is allowed to directly conduct investigation or evidence collection activities 
within the territory of the PRC. Accordingly, without the consent of the competent PRC securities regulators and relevant authorities, 
no organization or individual may provide the documents and materials relating to securities business activities to overseas parties. 
While detailed interpretation of or implementation rules under Article 177 of the PRC Securities Law is not yet available, the inability 
for an overseas securities regulator to directly conduct investigation or evidence collection activities within China may further increase 
difficulties faced by investors in protecting your interests. In addition, on February 24, 2023, CSRC and other three PRC regulatory 
authorities jointly issued the Provisions on Strengthening Confidentiality and Archives Administration of Overseas Securities Offering 
and Listing by Domestic Companies (the “Confidentiality and Archives Administration Provisions”), which took effect on March 31, 
2023, according to which, overseas securities regulators and competent overseas authorities may request to inspect, investigate or 
collect evidence from a domestic company concerning its overseas offering and listing or from the domestic securities companies and 
securities service providers that undertake relevant businesses for such domestic companies, such inspection, investigation and 
evidence collection shall be conducted under a cross-border regulatory cooperation mechanism, and the CSRC or other competent 
Chinese authorities will provide necessary assistance pursuant to bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms. The domestic 
company, securities companies and securities service providers shall first obtain approval from the CSRC or other competent Chinese 
authorities before cooperating with the inspection and investigation by the overseas securities regulator or competent overseas 
authority, or providing documents and materials requested in such inspection and investigation. As the Confidentiality and Archives 
Administration Provisions are relatively new, therefore there are substantial uncertainties with respect to their interpretation and 
implementation. If an investor is unable to bring a U.S. claim or collect on a U.S. judgment, the investor may have to rely on legal 
claims and remedies available in China or other overseas jurisdictions where a China-based issuer, such as our company, may 
maintain assets. The claims and remedies available in these jurisdictions are often significantly different from those available in the 
United States and difficult to pursue. Therefore, you may not be able to effectively enjoy the protection offered by the U.S. laws and 
regulations that intend to protect public investors.

PRC regulation of loans and direct investment by offshore holding companies to PRC entities may delay or prevent us from using 
the net proceeds from any offshore financing that we may undertake in the future to make loans or additional capital contributions 
to our PRC subsidiaries and the VIEs.

As an offshore holding company of our PRC subsidiaries and the VIEs, we may make loans to our PRC subsidiaries and the 
VIEs, or we may make additional capital contributions to our PRC subsidiaries. Any loans to our subsidiary or the VIEs in China are 
subject to PRC regulations, registrations and/or approvals. For example, if we provide loans to our PRC subsidiaries, the total amount 
of such loans may not exceed the statutory limit, i.e., the difference between its total amount of investment and its registered capital, 
or certain amount calculated based on elements including capital or net assets and the cross-border financing leverage ratio (“Macro-
prudential Management Mode”) under relevant PRC laws and the loans must be registered with the local counterpart of the State 
Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, and such loans need to be registered with the SAFE or filed with SAFE in its 
information system. We may also provide loans to the VIEs under the Macro-prudential Management Mode. According to the Circular 

47

of the People’s Bank of China and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange on Adjusting the Macro-prudent Adjustment 
Parameter for Cross-border Financing issued on March 11, 2020, the limit for the total amount of foreign debt under the Macro-
prudential Management Mode is increased to two and a half times from two times of their respective net assets. Moreover, any 
medium or long-term loan to be provided by us to our consolidated affiliated entities or other domestic PRC entities must also be 
registered with the National Development and Reform Commission or NDRC. We may also determine to finance our PRC 
subsidiaries by means of capital contributions. These capital contributions shall go through record-filing procedures from competent 
administration for market regulation. Because the VIEs are domestic PRC enterprises, we are not likely to finance their activities by 
means of capital contributions due to regulatory issues relating to foreign investment in domestic PRC enterprises, as well as the 
licensing and other regulatory issues. 

In addition, on March 30, 2015, SAFE issued the Circular on the Management Concerning the Reform of the Payment and 
Settlement of Foreign Currency Capital of Foreign-Invested Enterprises, or SAFE Circular 19, which became effective on June 1, 
2015. Pursuant to SAFE Circular 19, up to 100% of foreign currency capital of foreign-invested enterprise may be converted into 
RMB capital according to the actual operation of the enterprise within the business scope at its will and the RMB capital converted 
from foreign currency registered capital of a foreign-invested enterprise may be used for equity investments within the PRC provided 
that such usage shall fall into the scope of business of the foreign-invested enterprise, which will be regarded as the reinvestment of 
foreign-invested enterprise. SAFE promulgated the Circular Regarding Further Promotion of the Facilitation of Cross-Border Trade 
and Investment on October 23, 2019, or SAFE Circular 28, pursuant to which all foreign-invested enterprises can make equity 
investments in the PRC with their capital funds in accordance with the law. As the SAFE Circular 28 is new and the relevant 
government authorities have broad discretion in interpreting the regulation, it is unclear whether SAFE will permit such capital funds 
to be used for equity investments in the PRC in actual practice.

In light of the various requirements imposed by PRC regulations on loans to, and direct investment in, PRC entities by 

offshore holding companies, we cannot assure you that we can obtain the required government registrations or record-filings on a 
timely basis, if at all, with respect to future loans or capital contributions by us to our PRC subsidiaries or any of the VIEs. If we fail to 
receive such registrations or record-filings, our ability to fund our operations in China would be negatively affected which would 
adversely and materially affect our liquidity and our ability to expand our business.

If the PRC government finds that our PRC beneficial owners are subject to the SAFE registration requirement under SAFE 
Circular 37 and the relevant implementing rules and our PRC beneficial owners fail to comply with such registration 
requirements, such PRC beneficial owners may be subject to personal liability, our ability to acquire PRC companies or to inject 
capital into our PRC subsidiaries may be limited, our PRC subsidiaries’ ability to distribute profits to us may be limited, or our 
business may be otherwise materially and adversely affected.

On July 4, 2014, SAFE issued the Circular on Several Issues Concerning Foreign Exchange Administration of Domestic 

Residents Engaging in Overseas Investment, Financing and Round-Trip Investment via Special Purpose Vehicles, or SAFE Circular 
37, which became effective on the same date. SAFE Circular 37 and its detailed guidelines require PRC residents to register with the 
local branch of SAFE before contributing their legally owned onshore or offshore assets or equity interest into any special purpose 
vehicle, or SPV, directly established, or indirectly controlled, by them for the purpose of investment or financing; SAFE Circular 37 
further requires that when there is (i) any change to the basic information of the SPV, such as any change relating to its individual 
PRC resident shareholders, name or operation period; or (ii) any material change, such as increase or decrease in the share capital held 
by its individual PRC resident shareholders, a share transfer or exchange of the shares in the SPV, or a merger or split of the SPV, the 
PRC resident must register such changes with the local branch of SAFE on a timely basis. See “Item 4. Information on the 
Company—B. Business Overview—Regulatory Matters—Regulation of Foreign Exchange Registration of Offshore Investment by 
PRC Residents.”

Based on the opinion of our PRC counsel, Zhong Lun Law Firm, we understand that the aforesaid registration requirement 

under SAFE Circular 37 and the relevant implementing rules do not apply to our PRC subsidiaries or our PRC resident beneficial 
owners due to the following reasons: (i) our company was incorporated and controlled by Phoenix TV, a Hong Kong listed company, 
rather than any PRC residents defined under SAFE Circular 37; (ii) none of the former or current shareholders of the VIEs in China 
established or acquired interest in our company by injecting the assets of, or equity interest in, the VIEs; and (iii) before the public 
listing of our ADSs, all of our PRC resident beneficial owners obtained interest in our company through exercise of options granted to 
them under our employee share option plan. However, we cannot assure you that the PRC government would hold the same opinion as 
us, and the relevant government authorities have broad discretion in interpreting these rules and regulations. If SAFE or any of its 
local branches requires our PRC resident beneficial owners to register their interest in our company pursuant to SAFE Circular 37 and 
the related implementing rules, we will request our PRC resident beneficial owners to make the necessary registration, filings and 
amendments as required. However, we cannot provide any assurances that these PRC resident beneficial owners will apply for and 
complete any applicable registrations, filing and amendments. The failure or inability of such PRC resident beneficial owners to do so 
may subject our PRC subsidiaries to fines or legal sanctions, restrictions on our cross-border investment activities or our PRC 
subsidiaries’ ability to distribute dividends to, or obtain foreign-exchange-dominated loans from, our company, or prevent us from 

48

making distributions or paying dividends. As a result, our business operations and our ability to make distributions to you could be 
materially and adversely affected.

Failure to comply with PRC regulations regarding the registration requirements for stock incentive plans may subject the plan 
participants or us to fines and other legal or administrative sanctions.

Under the applicable PRC regulations, “domestic individuals” (including both PRC residents and non-PRC residents who 

reside in the PRC for a continuous period of not less than one year, excluding the foreign diplomatic personnel and representatives of 
international organizations) who participate in employee stock plans or stock option plans of an overseas publicly-listed company are 
required to register with SAFE and complete certain other procedures. If a domestic individual participates in any stock incentive plan 
of an overseas listed company, a qualified PRC domestic agent, which can be the PRC subsidiaries of such overseas listed company, 
shall, among other things, file, on behalf of such individual, an application with SAFE to conduct the SAFE registration with respect 
to such stock incentive plan, and obtain approval for an annual allowance with respect to the foreign exchange conversion in 
connection with the stock purchase or stock option exercise. Such PRC individuals’ foreign exchange income received from the sale 
of stocks and dividends distributed by the overseas listed company and any other income shall be fully remitted into a collective 
foreign currency account in the PRC opened and managed by the PRC domestic agent before distribution to such individuals. See 
“Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Regulatory Matters—SAFE Regulation of Stock Incentive Plan.” We 
and our employees who are “domestic individuals” participating in stock incentive plans are subject to these regulations. Our share 
incentive plans had been registered with SAFE when we became a public company listed on the New York Stock Exchange. We 
cannot assure you, however, that we will be able to complete relevant registration for new employees who participate in our share 
incentive plans in the future, in a timely manner or at all. If we or such employees fail to comply with these regulations, we or such 
employees may be subject to fines and other legal or administrative sanctions.

The approval, filing or other requirements of the CSRC, CAC or other PRC government authorities may be required under PRC 
law in connection with our issuance of securities overseas. Our failure to obtain these approvals, if required, could have a material 
adverse effect on our business, operating results, reputation and trading price of our ADSs.

According to the 2006 M&A Rules, an offshore special purpose vehicle, or SPV, refers to an overseas company controlled 
directly or indirectly by domestic companies or individuals for purposes of overseas listing of equity interest in domestic companies 
(defined as enterprises in the PRC other than foreign invested enterprises). If an SPV purchases, for the purpose of overseas listing and 
by means of paying consideration in shares of such SPV, domestic interests held by PRC domestic companies or individuals 
controlling such SPV, then the overseas listing by the SPV must obtain the approval of the CSRC. However, the applicability of the 
2006 M&A Rules with respect to CSRC approval is unclear. The CSRC currently has not issued any definitive rule concerning 
whether offerings like the offering contemplated by our company are subject to the 2006 M&A Rules and related clarifications.
Our PRC counsel, Zhong Lun Law Firm, has advised us that the 2006 M&A Rules do not require that we obtain prior CSRC approval 
for the listing and trading of our ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange, given that:

•

•

•

the CSRC approval requirement applies to SPVs that acquired equity interest in PRC companies through share exchanges 
and seek overseas listing;

Fenghuang On-line was incorporated indirectly by Phoenix TV, a Hong Kong-listed company, rather than an SPV as 
defined under the 2006 M&A Rules; and

Fenghuang On-line was incorporated as a wholly foreign-owned enterprise by means of direct investment rather than by 
merger or acquisition by our company of the equity interest or assets of any “domestic company” as defined under the 
2006 M&A Rules, and no provision in the 2006 M&A Rules classifies the contractual arrangements between Fenghuang 
On-line and each of the VIEs as a type of acquisition transaction falling under the 2006 M&A Rules.

Our PRC counsel has further advised us that there are uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of relevant 

PRC laws, regulations and rules. If the CSRC subsequently determines that its prior approval is required, we may face regulatory 
actions or other sanctions from the CSRC or other PRC regulatory agencies. These regulatory agencies may impose fines and penalties 
on our operations, limit our operating privileges, delay or restrict sending the proceeds from our initial public offering into China, or 
take other actions that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, reputation and 
prospects, which in turn could cause the value of our ADSs to significantly decline or become worthless.

Furthermore, the Opinions on Strictly Cracking Down on Illegal Securities Activities issued on July 6, 2021 emphasized the 

need to strengthen the administration over “illegal securities activities” and the supervision on overseas listings by China-based 
companies, and proposed to take effective measures, such as promoting the construction of relevant regulatory systems to deal with 
the risks and incidents faced by China-based overseas-listed companies, although such opinions did not specify the definition of 
“illegal securities activities.” Such opinions further provided that the special provisions of the State Council on overseas offerings and 
listings by those companies limited by shares will be revised and therefore the duties of domestic industry competent authorities and 

49

regulatory agencies will be clarified. Subsequently, CAC issued the Draft Data Securities Regulations and CAC, NDRC, MIIT and 
other ten PRC regulatory authorities jointed issued the Cybersecurity Review Measures which further strengthened the cybersecurity 
review measures. For more details, please see “Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—We are subject to a variety of laws and 
other obligations regarding cybersecurity, data security and personal information protection in China, and our failure to comply with 
any of them could result in proceedings against us by governmental entities or others and harm our public image and reputation, which 
could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.” 

In addition, on February 17, 2023, CSRC issued a new set of regulations consists of the Trial Administrative Measures of 

Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (the “Trial Measures”) and five supporting guidelines (collectively, 
the “Trial Measures and Supporting Guidelines”), which came into effect on March 31, 2023. The Trial Measures and Supporting 
Guidelines regulate both direct and indirect overseas offering and listing of PRC domestic companies’ securities by adopting a filing-
based regulatory regime. A “direct” overseas offering and listing by domestic companies refers to such overseas offering and listing 
by a joint-stock company incorporated domestically. An “indirect” overseas offering and listing by domestic companies refers to such 
overseas offering and listing by a company in the name of an overseas incorporated entity, whereas the company’s major business 
operations are located domestically and such offering and listing is based on the underlying equity, assets, earnings or other similar 
rights of a domestic company. The Trial Measures and Supporting Guidelines apply to overseas offerings by domestic companies of 
equity shares, depository receipts, convertible corporate bonds and other equity securities that are offered and listed overseas, and we 
may be required to submit filings to the CSRC in connection with future issuances of our equity securities to foreign investors. In 
order to support domestic companies’ overseas securities offering and listing pursuant to PRC laws and regulations, as a supplement 
to the Trial Measures, on February 24, 2023, CSRC and other three PRC regulatory authorities jointly issued the Confidentiality and 
Archives Administration Provisions, which took effect on March 31, 2023, according to which, a domestic company that seeks 
overseas offering and listing and the securities companies and securities service providers that undertake relevant businesses shall 
strictly abide by applicable PRC laws and regulations, enhance legal awareness of keeping state secrets and strengthening archives 
administration, institute a sound confidentiality and archives administration system, and take necessary measures to fulfill 
confidentiality and archives administration obligations. For more information with respect to the Trial Measures and Supporting 
Guidelines and the Confidentiality and Archives Administration Provisions, see “Regulatory Matters — Regulation of Overseas 
Listing.” As the Trial Measures and Supporting Guidelines and the Confidentiality and Archives Administration Provisions are 
relatively new, therefore there are substantial uncertainties with respect to their interpretation and implementation.

If the CSRC, CAC or other relevant PRC regulatory agencies subsequently determine that approval is required for any of our 
future offerings of securities overseas or to maintain the listing status of our ADSs, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain 
such approval in a timely manner, or at all. The CSRC, CAC or other PRC regulatory agencies also may take actions requiring us, or 
making it advisable for us, not to proceed with such offering or maintain the listing status of our ADSs. If we proceed with any of such 
offering or maintain the listing status of our ADSs without obtaining the CSRC’s or other relevant PRC regulatory agencies’ approval 
to the extent it is required, or if we are unable to comply with any new approval requirements, which might be adopted for offerings 
that we have completed prior to the publication of the above-referenced opinions, we may face regulatory actions or other sanctions 
from the CSRC, CAC or other PRC regulatory agencies. These regulatory agencies may impose fines and penalties on our operations 
in China, limit our ability to pay dividends outside of China, limit our operating privileges in China, delay or restrict the repatriation of 
the proceeds from offering of securities overseas into China or take other actions that could have a material adverse effect on our 
business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects, which in turn could cause the value of our ADSs to significantly 
decline or become worthless.

Furthermore, if there are any other approvals, filings and/or other administration procedures to be obtained from or completed 

with the CSRC, CAC or other PRC regulatory agencies as required by any new laws and regulations for any of our future proposed 
offering of securities overseas or the listing of the ADSs, we cannot assure you that we can obtain the required approval or complete 
the required filings or other regulatory procedures in a timely manner, or at all. Any failure to obtain the relevant approvals or 
complete the filings and other relevant regulatory procedures may subject us to regulatory actions or other sanctions from the CSRC or 
other PRC regulatory agencies, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. 
Uncertainties and/or negative publicity regarding these PRC regulations could have a material adverse effect on the trading price of 
our ADSs.

The approval of MOFCOM may be required in connection with the establishment of our contractual arrangements with the VIEs. 
Our failure to obtain this approval, if required, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, reputation 
and trading price of our ADSs.

The 2006 M&A Rules also provide that approval by MOFCOM is required prior to a foreign company acquiring a PRC 

domestic company where the foreign company and the domestic company have the same de facto controlling person(s) that are PRC 
domestic individual(s) or enterprise(s). The applicability of the 2006 M&A Rules with respect to MOFCOM’s approval is unclear.
Our PRC legal counsel has advised us that an approval from MOFCOM is not required under 2006 M&A Rules for our contractual 
arrangements between Fenghuang On-line and each of the VIEs, based on their understanding of the current PRC laws, rules and 

50

regulations, given that Fenghuang On-line was incorporated as a wholly foreign-owned enterprise by means of direct investment 
rather than by merger or acquisition by our company of the equity interest or assets of any “domestic company” as defined under the 
2006 M&A Rules, and no provision in the 2006 M&A Rules classifies the contractual arrangements between Fenghuang On-line and 
each of the respective VIEs as a type of acquisition transaction falling under the 2006 M&A Rules.

However, if MOFCOM subsequently determines that its prior approval was required for our contractual arrangements with 

the VIEs, we may face regulatory actions or other sanctions from MOFCOM or other PRC regulatory agencies. These regulatory 
agencies may impose fines and penalties on us and the VIEs, which require us to restructure our ownership structure or operations, 
limit our operations, delay or restrict sending the net proceeds from our initial public offering into China, or take other actions. These 
regulatory actions could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, reputation and 
prospects, which in turn could cause the value of our ADSs to significantly decline or become worthless.

Governmental regulations of currency conversion may affect the value of your investment.

The PRC government imposes regulatory measures on the convertibility of the Renminbi into foreign currencies and, in 

certain cases, the remittance of currency out of China. We receive substantially all of our revenues in Renminbi. Under our current 
corporate structure, our income is primarily derived from dividend payments from our PRC subsidiaries. Shortages in the availability 
of foreign currency may restrict the ability of our PRC subsidiaries to remit sufficient foreign currency to pay dividends or other 
payments to us, or otherwise satisfy their foreign currency-denominated obligations. Under existing PRC foreign exchange 
regulations, payments of current account items, including profit distributions, interest payments and expenditures from trade related 
transactions, can be made in foreign currencies without prior approval from the SAFE by complying with certain procedural 
requirements. However, approval from the SAFE or its local branch is required where Renminbi is to be converted into foreign 
currency and remitted out of China to pay capital expenses such as the repayment of loans denominated in foreign currencies. The 
PRC government may also at its discretion restrict access in the future to foreign currencies for current account transactions. If the 
foreign exchange regulatory system prevents us from obtaining sufficient foreign currency to satisfy our currency demands, we may 
not be able to pay dividends in foreign currencies to our shareholders, including holders of our ADSs.

Dividends we receive from our PRC subsidiaries located in the PRC may be subject to PRC withholding tax.

The CIT Law provides that a maximum income tax rate of 20% may be applicable to dividends payable to non-PRC investors 
that are “non-resident enterprises”, to the extent such dividends are derived from sources within the PRC, and the State Council of the 
PRC has reduced such rate to 10% through the implementation regulations. We are a Cayman Islands holding company and 
substantially all of our income may be derived from dividends we receive from our subsidiary located in the PRC. Thus, dividends 
from our subsidiary in China may be subject to the 10% income tax if we are considered as a “non-resident enterprise” under the CIT 
Law. If we are required under the CIT Law to pay income tax for any dividends we receive from our subsidiary in China, it would 
materially and adversely affect the amount of dividends, if any, we may pay to our shareholders and ADS holders.

We may be deemed a PRC resident enterprise under the CIT Law and be subject to the PRC taxation on our worldwide income.

The CIT Law also provides that enterprises established outside of China whose “de facto management bodies” are located in 

China are considered “resident enterprises” and are generally subject to the uniform 25% enterprise income tax rate as to their 
worldwide income. Under the implementation regulations for the CIT Law issued by the PRC State Council, “de facto management 
body” is defined as a body that has material and overall management and control over the manufacturing and business operations, 
personnel and human resources, finances and treasury, and acquisition and disposal of properties and other assets of an enterprise. 
Although substantially all of our PRC operational entities’ management is currently based in the PRC, it is unclear whether PRC tax 
authorities would treat us as a PRC resident enterprise. Despite the present uncertainties as a result of limited guidance from PRC tax 
authorities on the issue, we do not believe that our legal entities organized outside of the PRC should be treated as residents under the 
CIT Law. If we are treated as a resident enterprise for PRC tax purposes, we will be subject to PRC tax on our worldwide income at 
the 25% uniform tax rate, which could have an impact on our effective tax rate and an adverse effect on our net income and operating 
results.

Dividends payable by us to our foreign investors and gain on the sale of our ADSs or ordinary shares may become subject to taxes 
under PRC tax laws.

Under the CIT Law and implementation regulations issued by the State Council, PRC withholding tax at the rate of 10% is 

applicable to dividends payable to investors that are “non-resident enterprises”, which do not have an establishment or place of 
business in the PRC, or which have such establishment or place of business but the relevant income is not effectively connected with 
the establishment or place of business, to the extent such dividends have their sources within the PRC. Similarly, any gain realized on 
the transfer of ADSs or shares by such investors is also subject to 10% PRC income tax if such gain is regarded as income derived 
from sources within the PRC. The implementation regulations of the CIT Law set forth that, (i) if the enterprise that distributes 

51

dividends is domiciled in the PRC, or (ii) if gains are realized from transferring equity interest of enterprises domiciled in the PRC, 
then such dividends or capital gains are treated as China-sourced income. It is not clear how “domicile” may be interpreted under the 
CIT Law, and it may be interpreted as the jurisdiction where the enterprise is a tax resident. Therefore, if we are considered a PRC tax 
resident enterprise for tax purposes, the dividends we pay to our non-PRC enterprise investors with respect to our ordinary shares or 
ADSs, or the gain our non-PRC enterprise investors may realize from the transfer of our ordinary shares or ADSs, may be treated as 
income derived from sources within the PRC and be subject to PRC withholding tax. In addition, it is unclear whether our non-PRC 
individual investors would be subject to any PRC tax in the event we are deemed a “PRC resident enterprise”. If any PRC tax were to 
apply to such dividends or gains of non-PRC individual investors, it would generally apply at a tax rate of 20%. Furthermore, it is 
unclear in these circumstances whether holders of our ordinary shares or ADSs would be able to claim the benefit of income tax 
treaties entered into between China and other countries or regions. If we are required under the PRC law to withhold PRC income tax 
on dividends payable to our non-PRC investors, or if you are required to pay PRC income tax on the transfer of our ordinary shares or 
ADSs, the value of your investment in our ordinary shares or ADSs may be materially and adversely affected.

We may be required to register our operating offices not located at our residence addresses as branch companies under PRC law.

Under PRC law, a company setting up premises outside its resident address for business operations must register such 
operating offices with the relevant local industry and commerce bureau at the place where such premises are located as branch 
companies and shall obtain business licenses for such branches. The PRC subsidiaries, VIEs and their respective subsidiaries have 
operations at locations other than their respective resident addresses. If the PRC regulatory authorities determine that we are in 
violation of relevant laws and regulations, we may be subject to relevant penalties, including fines, confiscation of income, and 
suspension of operation. If we are subject to these penalties, our business, operating results, financial condition and prospects could be 
materially and adversely affected.

We could be adversely affected by political tensions between the United States and China.

Political tensions between the United States and China have escalated in recent years due to, among other things, the trade 
war between the two countries since 2018, the COVID-19 outbreak, the PRC National People’s Congress’ passage of Hong Kong 
national security legislation, the imposition of U.S. sanctions on certain Chinese officials from China’s central government and the 
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region by the U.S. government, and the imposition of sanctions on certain individuals from the 
U.S. by the Chinese government, various executive orders issued by former U.S. President Donald J. Trump such as the one issued in 
August 2020 that prohibits certain transactions with ByteDance Ltd., Tencent Holdings Ltd. and the respective subsidiaries of such 
companies, the executive order issued in November 2020 that prohibits U.S. persons from transacting publicly traded securities of 
certain “Communist Chinese military companies” named in such executive order, as well as the executive order issued in January 
2021 that prohibits such transactions as are identified by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce with certain “Chinese connected software 
applications”, including Alipay and WeChat Pay, as well as the Rules on Counteracting Unjustified Extra-territorial Application of 
Foreign Legislation and Other Measures promulgated by MOFCOM, on January 9, 2021 which will apply to Chinese individuals or 
entities that are purportedly barred by a foreign country’s law from dealing with nationals or entities of a third country. Rising political 
tensions between China and the U.S. could reduce levels of trades, investments, technological exchanges and other economic activities 
between the two major economies, which would have a material adverse effect on global economic conditions and the stability of 
global financial markets. The measures taken by the U.S. and Chinese governments may have the effect of restricting our ability to 
transact or otherwise do business with entities within or outside of China and may cause investors to lose confidence in Chinese 
companies and counterparties, including us. If we were unable to conduct our business as it is currently conducted as a result of such 
regulatory changes, our business, results of operations and financial condition would be materially and adversely affected.

Furthermore, there have been recent media reports on deliberations within the U.S. government regarding potentially limiting 

or restricting China-based companies from accessing U.S. capital markets, and delisting China-based companies from U.S. national 
securities exchanges. In January 2021, after reversing its own delisting decision, the NYSE ultimately resolved to delist China Mobile, 
China Unicom and China Telecom in compliance with the executive order issued in November 2020, after receiving additional 
guidance from the U.S. Department of Treasury and its Office of Foreign Assets Control. These delistings have introduced greater 
confusion and uncertainty about the status and prospects of Chinese companies listed on the U.S. stock exchanges. If any further such 
deliberations were to materialize, the resulting legislation may have a material and adverse impact on the stock performance of China-
based issuers listed in the United States such as us, and we cannot assure you that we will always be able to maintain the listing of our 
ADSs on a national stock exchange in the U.S. such as the NYSE or the Nasdaq Stock Market or that you will always be allowed to 
trade our shares or ADSs.

52

The PCAOB had historically been unable to inspect our auditor in relation to their audit work performed for our financial 
statements and the inability of the PCAOB to conduct inspections of our auditor in the past has deprived our investors with the 
benefits of such inspections. 

Our auditor, the independent registered public accounting firm that issues the audit report included elsewhere in this annual 

report, as an auditor of companies that are traded publicly in the United States and a firm registered with the PCAOB is subject to laws 
in the United States, pursuant to which the PCAOB conducts regular inspections to assess its compliance with the applicable 
professional standards. The auditor is located in mainland China, a jurisdiction where the PCAOB was historically unable to conduct 
inspections and investigations completely before 2022. As a result, we and investors in the ADSs were deprived of the benefits of such 
PCAOB inspections. The inability of the PCAOB to conduct inspections of auditors in China in the past has made it more difficult to 
evaluate the effectiveness of our independent registered public accounting firm’s audit procedures or quality control procedures as 
compared to auditors outside of China that are subject to the PCAOB inspections. On December 15, 2022, the PCAOB issued a report 
that vacated its December 16, 2021 determination and removed mainland China and Hong Kong from the list of jurisdictions where it 
is unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms. However, if the PCAOB determines in the future that 
it no longer has full access to inspect and investigate completely accounting firms in mainland China and Hong Kong, and we use an 
accounting firm headquartered in one of these jurisdictions to issue an audit report on our financial statements, we and investors in our 
ADSs would be deprived of the benefits of such PCAOB inspections again, which could cause investors and potential investors in the 
ADSs to lose confidence in our audit procedures and reported financial information and the quality of our financial statements. 

If the PCAOB determines that it is unable to inspect or investigate completely our auditor at any point in the future, our ADSs may 
be prohibited from trading in the United States under the HFCA Act, and any such trading prohibition on our ADSs or threat 
thereof may materially and adversely affect the price of our ADSs and value of your investment. 

The HFCA Act was signed into law on December 18, 2020 and amended pursuant to the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 

2023 on December 29, 2022. Under the HFCA Act and the rules issued by the SEC and the PCAOB thereunder, if we have retained a 
registered public accounting firm to issue an audit report where the registered public accounting firm has a branch or office that is 
located in a foreign jurisdiction and the PCAOB has determined that it is unable to inspect or investigate completely because of a 
position taken by an authority in the foreign jurisdiction, the SEC will identify us as a “covered issuer”, or SEC-identified issuer, 
shortly after we file with the SEC a report required under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act (such as our 
annual report on Form 20-F) that includes an audit report issued by such accounting firm; and if we were to be identified as an SEC-
identified issuer for two consecutive years, the SEC would prohibit our securities (including our shares or ADSs) from being traded on 
a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter trading market in the United States.

In December 2021, the PCAOB made its determinations, or the 2021 determinations, pursuant to the HFCA Act that it was 

unable to inspect or investigate completely registered public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China or Hong Kong 
including our registered public accounting firm. After we filed our annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 
2021 that included an audit report issued by our registered public accounting firm on April 28, 2022, the SEC conclusively identified 
us as an SEC-identified issuer on May 26, 2022. 

Following the Statement of Protocol signed between the PCAOB and the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the 

Ministry of Finance of the PRC in August 2022 and the on-site inspections and investigations conducted by the PCAOB staff in Hong 
Kong from September to November 2022, the PCAOB Board voted in December 2022 to vacate the previous 2021 determinations, 
and as a result, our registered public accounting firm, is no longer a registered public accounting firm that the PCAOB is unable to 
inspect or investigate completely as of the date of this annual report or at the time of issuance of the audit report included herein. As a 
result, we were not identified as an SEC-idenfitied issuer under the HFCA Act after we filed our annual report on Form 20-F for the 
fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 that included an audit report issued by our registered public accounting firm. As such, we are not 
required to satisfy additional disclosure requirement for SEC-identified issuers that are also foreign issuers in this annual report, and 
we do not expect to be identified as an SEC-identified issuer in 2024. However, the PCAOB may change its determinations under the 
HFCA Act at any point in the future. In particular, if the PCAOB finds its ability to completely inspect and investigate registered 
public accounting firms headquartered in mainland China or Hong Kong is obstructed by the PRC authorities in any way in the future, 
the PCAOB may act immediately to consider the need to issue new determinations consistent with the HFCA Act. We cannot assure 
you that the PCAOB will always have complete access to inspect and investigate our auditor, or that we will not be identified as an 
SEC-identified issuer again in the future.

If we are identified as an SEC-identified issuer again in the future, we cannot assure you that we will be able to change our 

auditor or take other remedial measures in a timely manner, and if we were to be identified as an SEC-identified issuer for two 
consecutive years, we would be delisted from the NYSE and our securities (including our shares and ADSs) will not be permitted for 
trading “over-the-counter” either. If our securities are prohibited from trading in the United States, there is no certainty that we will be 
able to list on a non-U.S. exchange or that a market for our shares will develop outside of the United States. Such a prohibition or any 
threat thereof would substantially impair your ability to sell or purchase our ADSs when you wish to do so, and the risk and 

53

uncertainty associated with delisting would have a negative impact on the price of our ADSs. Also, such a prohibition or any threat 
thereof would significantly affect our ability to raise capital on terms acceptable to us, or at all, which would have a material adverse 
impact on our business, financial condition, and prospects. Moreover, the implementation of the HFCA Act and other efforts to 
increase the U.S. regulatory access to audit information could cause investor uncertainty as to China-based issuers’ ability to maintain 
their listings on the U.S. national securities exchanges and the market price of the securities of China-based issuers, including us, 
could be adversely affected.

Proceedings instituted by the SEC against certain PRC-based accounting firms, including our independent registered public 
accounting firm, could result in financial statements being determined to not be in compliance with the requirements of the 
Exchange Act.

In December 2012, the SEC instituted administrative proceedings against the Big Four PRC-based accounting firms, 
including our independent registered public accounting firm, alleging that these firms had violated U.S. securities laws and the SEC’s 
rules and regulations thereunder by failing to provide to the SEC the firms’ audit work papers with respect to certain PRC-based 
companies that are publicly traded in the United States.

On January 22, 2014, the administrative law judge, or the ALJ, presiding over the matter rendered an initial decision that each 

of the firms had violated the SEC’s rules of practice by failing to produce audit papers and other documents to the SEC. The initial 
decision censured each of the firms and barred them from practicing before the SEC for a period of six months.

On February 6, 2015, the four China-based accounting firms each agreed to a censure and to pay a fine to the SEC to settle 
the dispute and avoid suspension of their ability to practice before the SEC and audit U.S.-listed companies. The settlement required 
the firms to follow detailed procedures and to seek to provide the SEC with access to Chinese firms’ audit documents via the CSRC. 
Under the terms of the settlement, the underlying proceeding against the four China-based accounting firms was deemed dismissed 
with prejudice four years after entry of the settlement. The four-year mark occurred on February 6, 2019. While we cannot predict if 
the SEC will further challenge the four China-based accounting firms’ compliance with U.S. law in connection with U.S. regulatory 
requests for audit work papers or if the results of such a challenge would result in the SEC imposing penalties such as suspensions, if 
the accounting firms are subject to additional remedial measures, our ability to file our financial statements in compliance with SEC 
requirements could be impacted. A determination that we have not timely filed financial statements in compliance with the SEC 
requirements could ultimately lead to the delisting of our ADSs from the New York Stock Exchange or the termination of the 
registration of our ADSs and Class A ordinary shares under the Exchange Act, or both, which would substantially reduce or 
effectively terminate the trading of our ADSs in the United States.

Uncertainties exist with respect to the interpretation and implementation of the Foreign Investment Law and how it may impact the 
viability of our current corporate structure, corporate governance and business operations.

On March 15, 2019, the National People’s Congress promulgated the Foreign Investment Law or the FIL, which took effect 

on January 1, 2020, and replaced the existing laws regulating foreign investment in China, namely, the PRC Equity Joint Venture 
Law, the PRC Cooperative Joint Venture Law and the Wholly Foreign-owned Enterprise Law, or Old FIE Laws, together with their 
implementation rules and ancillary regulations. See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Regulation—
Regulation on Foreign Investment.”. Meanwhile, the Implementation Rules to the Foreign Investment Law came into effect as of 
January 1, 2020, which clarified and elaborated the relevant provisions of the Foreign Investment Law. However, uncertainties still 
exist in relation to interpretation and implementation of the FIL, especially in regard to, including, among other things, the nature of 
variable interest entities contractual arrangements and specific rules regulating the organization form of foreign-invested enterprises 
within the five-year transition period. While FIL does not define contractual arrangements as a form of foreign investment explicitly, 
however, it has a catch-all provision under definition of “foreign investment” that includes investments made by foreign investors in 
the PRC through other means as provided by laws, administrative regulations or the State Council, we cannot assure you that future 
laws and regulations will not provide for contractual arrangements as a form of foreign investment. Therefore, there can be no 
assurance that our control over the VIEs through contractual arrangements will not be deemed as foreign investment in the future. In 
the event that any possible implementing regulations of the FIL, any other future laws, administrative regulations or provisions deem 
contractual arrangements as a way of foreign investment, or if any of our operations through contractual arrangements is classified in 
the “restricted” or “prohibited” industry in the future “negative list” under the FIL, our contractual arrangements may be deemed as 
invalid and illegal, and we may be required to unwind the variable interest entity contractual arrangements and/or dispose of any 
affected business. Also, if future laws, administrative regulations or provisions mandate further actions to be taken with respect to 
existing contractual arrangements, we may face substantial uncertainties as to whether we can complete such actions in a timely 
manner, or at all. Furthermore, under the FIL, foreign investors or the foreign investment enterprise should be imposed legal liabilities 
for failing to report investment information in accordance with the requirements. In addition, the FIL provides that foreign invested 
enterprises established according to the existing laws regulating foreign investment may maintain their structure and corporate 
governance within a five-year transition period, which means that we may be required to adjust the structure and corporate governance 
of certain of our PRC subsidiaries in such transition period. Failure to take timely and appropriate measures to cope with any of these 

54

or similar regulatory compliance challenges could materially and adversely affect our current corporate structure, corporate 
governance and business operations, which could cause the value of our ADSs to significantly decline or become worthless.

Risks Relating to Our ADSs

The market price for our ADSs may be volatile which could result in a loss to you.

The market price for our ADSs has been and is likely to continue to be highly volatile and may be subject to wide fluctuations 

in response to factors, including the following:

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

announcements by us or our competitors or other internet companies of competitive developments;

changes in the market valuations or the operating performance of other internet companies;

regulatory developments in China affecting us, our clients or our competitors;

announcements regarding litigation or administrative proceedings involving us;

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly operating results;

changes in financial estimates by securities research analysts;

addition or departure of our executive officers;

public perception or negative news about our products or services;

release or expiry of lock-up or other transfer restrictions on our outstanding ordinary shares or ADSs;

sales or perceived sales of additional ordinary shares or ADSs; and

fluctuations of exchange rates between RMB and the U.S. dollar. In addition, the securities market has from time to time 
experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are not related to the operating performance of particular 
companies. These market fluctuations may also have a material adverse effect on the market price of our ADSs.

Substantial future sales or perceived sales of our ADSs in the public market could cause the price of our ADSs to decline.

Sales of our ADSs or ordinary shares in the public market, or the perception that these sales could occur, could cause the 

market price of our ADSs to decline. As of March 31, 2024, we had 576,517,237 ordinary shares outstanding, including 
317,325,360 Class B ordinary shares and 259,191,877 Class A ordinary shares part of which are represented by 5,327,746 ADSs. All 
ADSs sold in our initial public offering are freely transferable without restriction or additional registration under the Securities Act of 
1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. The remaining ordinary shares outstanding are available for sale upon the expiration of any 
relevant lock-up periods, subject to volume and other restrictions that may be applicable under Rule 144 and Rule 701 under the 
Securities Act. In addition, ordinary shares that certain option holders will receive when they exercise their share options will not be 
available for sale until the expiration of any relevant lock-up periods, subject to volume and other restrictions that may be applicable 
under Rule 144 and Rule 701 under the Securities Act. We cannot predict what effect, if any, market sales of securities held by our 
significant shareholders or any other shareholder or the availability of these securities for future sale will have on the market price of 
our ADSs.

We fell below the continued listing requirements of the New York Stock Exchange in the past. If we fall below any of the continued 
listing requirements in the future and cannot regain compliance in time, our ADSs may be delisted and the liquidity and the 
trading price of our ADSs could be materially and adversely affected.

We fell below the continued listing requirements of the New York Stock Exchange in the past. In particular, as of January 4, 

2022, the average closing price of our ADSs was less than US$1.00 per ADS over a consecutive 30 trading-day period. To remedy 
such non-compliance, we changed the ratio of our ADSs to Class A ordinary shares from the then ADS ratio of one (1) ADS to eight 
(8) Class A ordinary shares to a new ADS ratio of one (1) ADS to forty-eight (48) Class A ordinary shares, effective May 23, 2022, 
which had the effect similar to a reverse stock-split and increased the trading price of our ADSs. On June 2, 2022, we were notified by 
the NYSE that we had regained compliance with NYSE’s continued listing criteria regarding the price of the ADSs since the average 
closing price of the ADSs for the consecutive 30 trading days ended May 31, 2022 indicated that our ADS price was above the 
NYSE’s minimum requirement of US$1.00 based on a 30-trading day average. We cannot assure you, however, that the trading prices 
of our ADSs will not fall below NYSE’s continued listing standard again in the future, nor that we will always be able to maintain 
compliance with the other continued listing requirements of the NYSE. Should we fail to comply with any of the NYSE’s continued 
listing requirements and fail to regain compliance during any cure period that may be allowed by the NYSE, our ADSs may be 
delisted from the NYSE, and the liquidity and the trading price of our ADSs could be materially and adversely affected.

55

Our dual-class ordinary share structure with different voting rights could discourage others from pursuing any change of control 
transactions that holders of our Class A ordinary shares and ADSs may view as beneficial.

We have Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares, which are all at par value of US$0.01 each. Holders of Class A 
ordinary shares are entitled to one vote per share, while holders of Class B ordinary shares are entitled to 1.3 votes per share. Phoenix 
TV (BVI), which is wholly owned by Phoenix TV, holds Class B ordinary shares, each of which is convertible into one Class A 
ordinary share at any time by the holder thereof. Class A ordinary shares are not convertible into Class B ordinary shares under any 
circumstances. Due to the disparate voting rights attached to these two classes, Phoenix TV (BVI) has significant voting rights over 
matters requiring shareholder approval, including the election and removal of directors and certain corporate transactions, such as 
mergers, consolidations and other business combinations. This concentrated control could discourage others from pursuing any 
potential merger, takeover or other change of control transactions that holders of Class A ordinary shares and ADSs may view as 
beneficial.

Anti-takeover provisions in our articles of association may discourage a third party from offering to acquire our company, which 
could limit your opportunity to sell your ADSs at a premium.

Our currently effective, second amended and restated articles of association include provisions that could limit the ability of 
others to acquire control of us, modify our structure or cause us to engage in change of control transactions. These provisions could 
have the effect of depriving our shareholders of an opportunity to sell their shares at a premium over prevailing market prices by 
discouraging third parties from seeking to obtain control of us in a tender offer or similar transaction.

For example, our board of directors have the authority, without further action by our shareholders, to issue preference shares 

in one or more series and to fix the powers and rights of these shares, including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms 
of redemption and liquidation preferences, any or all of which may be greater than the rights associated with our ordinary shares. 
Preference shares could thus be issued quickly with terms calculated to delay or prevent a change in control or make removal of 
management more difficult. In addition, if our board of directors issues preference shares, the market price of our ordinary shares may 
fall and the voting and other rights of the holders of our ordinary shares may be adversely affected.

As a foreign private issuer, we are permitted to, and we may, rely on exemptions from certain NYSE corporate governance 
standards applicable to U.S. issuers. This may afford less protection to holders of our ordinary shares and ADSs.

The NYSE Listed Company Manual in general require listed companies to have, among other things, a majority of its board 

be independent, an audit committee consisting of a minimum of three members and a nominating and corporate governance committee 
consisting solely of independent directors. As a foreign private issuer, we are permitted to follow, and we follow, certain home 
country corporate governance practices instead of the above requirements of the NYSE Listed Company Manual. The corporate 
governance practice in our home country, the Cayman Islands, does not require a majority of our board to consist of independent 
directors or the implementation of an audit committee or nominating and corporate governance committee. We rely upon the relevant 
home country exemption and exemptions afforded to controlled companies in lieu of certain corporate governance practices, such as 
having less than a majority of the board be independent and establishing an audit committee consisting of two independent directors. 
As a result, the level of independent oversight over management of our company may afford less protection to holders of our ordinary 
shares and ADSs.

As a foreign private issuer, we are not subject to U.S. proxy rules and are subject to Exchange Act reporting obligations that, to 
some extent, are more lenient and less frequent than those of a U.S. issuer.

As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from certain provisions of the Exchange Act that are applicable to U.S. domestic 
issuers, including (i) the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a 
security registered under the Exchange Act, (ii) the sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their stock 
ownership and trading activities and liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time, and (iii) the rules 
under the Exchange Act requiring the filing with the SEC of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q containing unaudited financial and other 
specified information, quarterly certifications by the principal executive and financial officers, or current reports on Form 8-K, upon 
the occurrence of specified significant events. In addition, the executive compensation disclosure requirements to which we are 
subject under Form 20-F are less rigorous than those required of U.S. issuers under Form 10-K. Furthermore, foreign private issuers 
are not required to file their annual report on Form 20-F until 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, while U.S. domestic issuers 
are required to file their annual report on Form 10-K within 60 to 90 days after the end of each fiscal year. Foreign private issuers are 
also exempt from the Regulation FD, aimed at preventing issuers from making selective disclosures of material information. Although 
we intend to make quarterly reports available to our shareholders in a timely manner and are required under the Exchange Act to 
provide current reports on Form 6-K, you may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are not 
foreign private issuers.

56

We are a Cayman Islands company and, because judicial precedent regarding the rights of shareholders is more limited under 
Cayman Islands law than under U.S. law, you may have less protection of your shareholder rights than you would under U.S. law.

Our corporate affairs are governed by our amended and restated memorandum of association and second amended and 

restated articles of association, the Cayman Islands Companies Act (as amended) and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The 
rights of shareholders to take action against the directors, actions by minority shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our 
directors to us under Cayman Islands law are to a large extent governed by the common law of the Cayman Islands. The common law 
of the Cayman Islands is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the Cayman Islands as well as from English 
common law, which has persuasive, but not binding, authority on a court in the Cayman Islands. The rights of our shareholders and 
the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors under Cayman Islands law may be narrower in scope or less developed than they would 
be under statutes or judicial precedent in some jurisdictions in the United States. In particular, the Cayman Islands has a less 
developed body of securities laws than the United States. In addition, some U.S. states, such as Delaware, have more fully developed 
and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law than the Cayman Islands. Furthermore, Cayman Islands companies may not have 
standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action in a federal court of the United States. As a result, public shareholders may have 
more difficulties in protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by management, members of the board of directors or 
controlling shareholders than they would as shareholders of a Delaware company.

Legislation enacted in the Cayman Islands and the British Virgin Islands as to economic substance may affect our corporate 
structure and cause us to incur additional compliance costs. 

Each of our company and its significant subsidiary, Fread Limited, is subject to Cayman Islands economic substance 
legislation (“ESA”) requiring that where our company or Fread Limited (as the case may be) carries on a relevant activity (as defined 
in the ESA) it must maintain economic substance within the Cayman Islands, including adequate premises and employees within the 
Cayman Islands. As an entity subject to the ESA, our company and Fread Limited are each required to assess its operations to 
determine the required compliance (if any) with the ESA, to file an annual notification with the Cayman Islands Registrar of 
Companies disclosing whether our company or Fread Limited (as the case may be) is carrying out any relevant activities within the 
meaning of the ESA and an annual return with the Department of International Tax Co-Operation. Where applicable, our company or 
Fread Limited (as the case may be) must establish that its operations satisfy the economic substance requirements of the ESA. Our 
company is required to monitor its operations to ensure it remains in compliance with all requirements under the ESA. Failure to 
satisfy these requirements may subject us to penalties under the ESA.

One of our significant subsidiaries, or the BVI Subsidiary, is a business company incorporated under the laws of the British 
Virgin Islands, or BVI, prior to January 1, 2019. Pursuant to the Economic Substance (Companies and Limited Partnerships) Act (As 
Revised), of the British Virgin Islands, or the “BVI ES Act”, that came into force on January 1, 2019, a “legal entity” that carries on a 
“relevant activity” is required to satisfy the economic substance test set out in the BVI ES Act. A “legal entity” (which based on the 
current interpretation of the BVI ES Act, includes a business company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands but does not include 
an entity that is resident for tax purposes in a jurisdiction outside the British Virgin Islands which is not on Annex 1 to the EU list of 
non-cooperative jurisdictions for tax purposes) carrying on any “relevant activity” is required to satisfy the economic substance test as 
set out in the BVI ES Act. “Relevant activities” include any of the following activities: banking business, insurance business, fund 
management business, finance and leasing business, distribution and service centre business, shipping business, holding business, 
intellectual property business and headquarters business, but does not include investment fund business. To the extent that a “legal 
entity” carries on no relevant activity other than holding equity participations in other entities and earning dividends and capital gains, 
it will be subject to reduced economic substance requirements in accordance with the BVI ES Act. 

As there are still uncertainties regarding the interpretation and implementation of the Cayman ES Act and the BVI ES Act, it 

is not possible at this stage to be definitive as to the extent of substance that our company, Fread Limited or the BVI Subsidiary will be 
required to have in the Cayman Islands or BVI respectively. 

We will make all endeavors to ensure our company, Fread Limited and the BVI Subsidiary comply with the economic 
substance requirements under the relevant legislation. However, in doing so, our company, Fread Limited and the BVI Subsidiary may 
incur additional compliance costs (such as payment of fees for attending to annual filings with the relevant governmental authorities); 
and/or if our company, Fread Limited or the BVI Subsidiary fail to satisfy the economic substance test set out in the Cayman ES Act 
or the BVI ES Act (as the case may be), we, Fread Limited and the BVI Subsidiary may initially be subject to penalties in accordance 
with the Cayman ES Act and the BVI ES Act respectively.

Judgments obtained against us by our shareholders may not be enforceable.

We are a Cayman Islands company and substantially all of our assets are located outside of the United States. Substantially all 

of our current operations are conducted in the PRC. In addition, most of our directors and officers are nationals and residents of 
countries other than the United States. A substantial portion of the assets of these persons are located outside the United States. As a 

57

result, it may be difficult for you to effect service of process within the United States upon these persons. It may also be difficult for 
you to enforce in U.S. courts judgments obtained in U.S. courts based on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities 
laws against us and our officers and directors. Moreover, there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of the Cayman Islands or the 
PRC would recognize or enforce judgments of United States courts against us or such persons predicated upon the civil liability 
provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States. In addition, there is uncertainty as to whether 
such Cayman Islands or PRC courts would be competent to entertain original actions brought in the Cayman Islands or the PRC 
against us or such persons predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States.

Holders of ADSs must act through the depositary to exercise their rights as shareholders of our company.

Holders of our ADSs do not have the same rights of our shareholders and may only exercise the voting rights with respect to 
the underlying ordinary shares in accordance with the provisions of the deposit agreement for the ADSs. Under our second amended 
and restated articles of association, the minimum notice period required to convene a general meeting is 10 days. When a general 
meeting is convened, you may not receive sufficient notice of a shareholders’ meeting to permit you to withdraw your ordinary shares 
to allow you to cast your vote with respect to any specific matter. In addition, the depositary and its agents may not be able to send 
voting instructions to you or carry out your voting instructions in a timely manner. We will make all reasonable efforts to cause the 
depositary to extend voting rights to you in a timely manner, but we cannot assure you that you will receive the voting materials in 
time to ensure that you can instruct the depositary to vote your ADSs. Furthermore, the depositary and its agents will not be 
responsible for any failure to carry out any instructions to vote, for the manner in which any vote is cast or for the effect of any such 
vote. As a result, you may not be able to exercise your right to vote and you may lack recourse if your ADSs are not voted as you 
requested. In addition, in your capacity as an ADS holder, you will not be able to call a shareholders’ meeting.

The depositary for our ADSs will give us a discretionary proxy to vote our ordinary shares underlying your ADSs if you do not vote 
at shareholders’ meetings, except in limited circumstances, which could adversely affect your interests.

Under the deposit agreement for the ADSs, the depositary will give us a discretionary proxy to vote our ordinary shares 

underlying your ADSs at shareholders’ meetings if you do not vote, unless:

•

•

•

•

we have failed to timely provide the depositary with our notice of meeting and related voting materials;

we have instructed the depositary that we do not wish a discretionary proxy to be given;

we have informed the depositary that there is substantial opposition as to a matter to be voted on at the meeting; or

a matter to be voted on at the meeting would have a material adverse impact on shareholders.

The effect of this discretionary proxy is that you cannot prevent our ordinary shares underlying your ADSs from being voted, 
absent the situations described above, and it may make it more difficult for shareholders to influence the management of our company. 
Holders of our ordinary shares are not subject to this discretionary proxy.

You may be subject to limitations on transfers of your ADSs.

Your ADSs are transferable on the books of the depositary. However, the depositary may close its transfer books at any time 
or from time to time when it deems expedient in connection with the performance of its duties. In addition, the depositary may refuse 
to deliver, transfer or register transfers of ADSs generally when our books or the books of the depositary are closed, or at any time if 
we or the depositary deems it advisable to do so because of any requirement of law or of any government or governmental body, or 
under any provision of the deposit agreement, or for any other reason.

Your right to participate in any future rights offerings may be limited, which may cause dilution to your holdings and you may not 
receive cash dividends or other distributions if it is impractical to make them available to you.

We may from time to time distribute rights to our shareholders, including rights to acquire our securities. However, we cannot 

make rights available to you in the United States unless we register the rights and the securities to which the rights relate under the 
Securities Act or an exemption from the registration requirements is available. Also, under the deposit agreement, the depositary will 
not make rights available to you unless either both the rights and any related securities are registered under the Securities Act, or the 
distribution of them to ADS holders is exempted from registration under the Securities Act. We are under no obligation to file a 
registration statement with respect to any such rights or securities or to endeavor to cause such a registration statement to be declared 
effective. Moreover, we may not be able to establish an exemption from registration under the Securities Act. Accordingly, you may 
be unable to participate in our rights offerings and may experience dilution in your holdings.

In addition, the depositary has agreed to pay to you the cash dividends or other distributions it or the custodian receives on our 
ordinary shares or other deposited securities after deducting its fees and expenses. You will receive these distributions in proportion to 

58

the number of ordinary shares your ADSs represent. However, the depositary may, at its discretion, decide that it is impractical to 
make a distribution available to any holders of ADSs. For example, the depositary may determine that it is not practicable to distribute 
certain property through the mail, or that the value of certain distributions may be less than the cost of mailing them. In these cases, 
the depositary may decide not to distribute such property and you will not receive any such distribution.

ITEM 4.             INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

A. History and Development of the Company

Phoenix TV registered the domain name phoenixtv.com for its corporate website in 1998. Tianying Jiuzhou began operating 

this website after its establishment in April 2000. As part of the reorganization before its initial public offering, in September 1999, 
Phoenix TV incorporated Phoenix Satellite Television Information Limited in the British Virgin Islands to be the holding company of 
its new media business.

In November 2005, Mr. Shuang Liu, a vice president of Phoenix TV, was appointed to lead Phoenix TV’s new media 

business. Upon his appointment, Mr. Liu began implementing his vision to transform the business from a mere corporate website of 
Phoenix TV into a new media company capitalizing on the future of new media convergence. Yifeng Lianhe was established in June 
2006 to provide new media mobile services in China. In July 2007, Tianying Jiuzhou registered the domain name ifeng.com and 
redirected the traffic of phoenixtv.com and phoenixtv.com.cn to ifeng.com.

On November 22, 2007, Phoenix New Media Limited, an exempted limited liability company, was incorporated in the 
Cayman Islands as a subsidiary of Phoenix TV to be the holding company for its new media business. In May 2008, Phoenix Satellite 
Television (B.V.I.) Holding Limited transferred the sole outstanding share of Phoenix Satellite Television Information Limited to us in 
exchange for 319,999,999 ordinary shares of our company.

Fenghuang On-line was established in December 2005. On December 31, 2009, Fenghuang On-line entered into a series of 

contractual arrangements with each of Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe and their respective shareholders to govern our 
relationships with Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe, at which time we became operational in our current corporate structure. 
During the first quarter of 2021, Fenghuang On-line terminated the contractual agreements with Yifeng Lianhe and then entered into a 
series of new contractual arrangements with Fenghuang Ronghe. Shareholders of Yifeng Lianhe transferred all of their equity interest 
in Yifeng Lianhe to Fenghuang Ronghe, as a result of which Yifeng Lianhe became a wholly owned subsidiary of Fenghuang Ronghe. 
The contractual arrangements with Tianying Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe and their respective shareholders allow us to effectively 
control Tianying Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe (and indirectly control their respectively subsidiaries such as Yifeng Lianhe) and to 
derive substantially all of the economic benefits from them. See “—C. Organizational Structure — Contractual Arrangements with the 
VIEs.”

On May 12, 2011, our ADSs began trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “FENG.” We closed 
our initial public offering on May 17, 2011 and the underwriters subsequently exercised their over-allotment option on June 8, 2011. 
We issued and sold a total of 13,415,125 ADSs in these transactions, representing 107,321,000 Class A ordinary shares in the form of 
ADSs, raising US$137.2 million in proceeds to us before expenses but after underwriting discounts and commissions.

We hold 50% of the equity interest in Tianbo. Before April 2019, as we had significant influence over financial and operating 

decision-making, we accounted for the 50% equity interest by using the equity method of accounting. On April 1, 2019, we obtained 
control over Tianbo and consolidated Tianbo starting from April 1, 2019. See “—C. Organizational Structure” for more details.

On May 23, 2022, we effected a change of the ratio of our ADSs to Class A ordinary shares from the then ADS ratio of one 

(1) ADS to eight (8) Class A ordinary shares to a new ADS ratio of one (1) ADS to forty-eight (48) Class A ordinary shares.

In March 2023, Mr. Shuang Liu resigned from his position as the Chief Executive Officer and a director of our company, and 
Mr. Yusheng Sun, an executive director, deputy chief executive officer, editor-in-chief, and a member of the Nomination Committee 
of Phoenix TV, was appointed as the Chief Executive Officer of our company.

Our principal executive offices are located at Sinolight Plaza, Floor 16, No. 4 Qiyang Road, Wangjing, Chaoyang District, 

Beijing 100102, People’s Republic of China. Our telephone number at this address is +(86) 10 6067 6000. Our registered office in the 
Cayman Islands is located at the offices of Conyers Trust Company (Cayman) Limited, Cricket Square, Hutchins Drive, P.O. Box 
2681, Grand Cayman, KY1-1111, Cayman Islands. 

B.

Business Overview

We are a leading new media company providing premium content on an integrated Internet platform, including PC and 
mobile, in China. Having originated from a leading global Chinese language TV network based in Hong Kong, Phoenix TV, we 

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enable consumers to access professional news and other quality information and UGC, on the Internet and through their PCs and 
mobile devices. Our premium content is organized in major verticals such as news, military affairs, video, technology, finance, 
entertainment, automobile, sports, real estate, and home living. Our main content distribution channels include our PC websites, 
mobile news application, mobile video application, mobile digital reading applications and mobile Internet websites. We also act as a 
unique and quality content provider for multiple third-party channels. The appeal of our brand is enhanced by its affiliation with the 
“Phoenix” (“鳳凰”) brand of Phoenix TV.

We earn revenues from advertising and paid services, which accounted for 89.5% and 10.5% of our total revenues, 

respectively, in 2023.

We recognize revenues from our advertising services on a net basis, after deducting the agency service fees we pay to 
advertising agencies and the value-added tax, or VAT, and the cultural development fee. We provide advertising services through PC 
channel and mobile channel, which accounted for 26.3% and 73.7% of our net advertising revenues, respectively, in 2023. Building on 
our core competencies of content production capability, dedication to serious journalism and cutting-edge technology, we continue to 
create values for our advertising clients. 

We offer a wide variety of paid services primarily through our mobile channel and operations with the telecom operators and 

other third parties. Paid services revenues comprise (i) revenues from paid contents and (ii) revenues from E-commerce and 
others. We derived 48.0% and 52.0% of our paid services revenues, respectively, from our paid contents, and E-commerce and others 
in 2023. Our paid services revenues decreased from RMB89.0 million in 2022 to RMB72.7 million (US$10.2 million) in 2023, 
primarily attributable to the decrease in E-commerce revenues as we closed certain E-commerce business lines in 2023.

Our Relationship with Phoenix TV

We are a subsidiary of Phoenix TV, a leading Hong Kong-based satellite TV network broadcasting Chinese language content 

globally and into China. Phoenix TV indirectly owned 55.0% of our ordinary shares and 61.4% of the voting power of our ordinary 
shares as of March 31, 2024. 

We entered into several sets of trademark and program content licensing agreements with Phoenix TV or certain of its 

subsidiaries in the past and continue to use certain copyrighted content and trademarks provided by Phoenix TV Group. Currently, 
under the New Trademark License Agreements, we have the right to use certain trademarks containing the double-phoenix logo and 
the Chinese or English words of “Phoenix New Media” or “ifeng” which helps to affiliate us with the brand of Phoenix TV Group and 
helps to enhance our own brand. In addition, under the 2021 Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement, we also have the 
right to continue to use Phoenix TV Group’s copyrighted video content on our websites and our mobile applications.

We have a mutually beneficial relationship with Phoenix TV. We and Phoenix TV share a common vision of the convergence 
of traditional and new media channels, and work together to realize this vision. Pursuant to the Program License Agreements, Phoenix 
TV Group agreed to grant Tianying Jiuzhou, Yifeng Lianhe and Fengyu Network the license to use Phoenix TV Group’s copyrighted 
content from three television channels of Phoenix TV Group for our various media services in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macau 
and Taiwan). After the Program License Agreements expired in May 2019, Phoenix TV Group adjusted the scope of license granted to 
Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe according to the 2020 Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement. Tianying Jiuzhou 
and Yifeng Lianhe later terminated the 2020 Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement and Tianying Jiuzhou entered 
into the 2021 Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement. We believe that our and Phoenix TV’s active promotion of one 
another’s brands on our respective Internet-enabled and TV platforms helps to grow our combined audience synergistically. In 
addition, we and Phoenix TV Group work closely on major world news events coverages, and provide joint advertising services to 
each other's advertisers.

Our former Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Shuang Liu served as the chief operating officer of Phoenix TV until March 2023. 

Mr. Yusheng Sun, an executive director, deputy chief executive officer, editor-in-chief and a member of the Nomination Committee of 
Phoenix TV, was appointed as the Chief Executive Officer of us.

For more information about the terms of the agreements with Phoenix TV and its subsidiaries, see “Item 7. Major 
Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—B. Related Party Transactions—Agreements and Transactions with Phoenix TV and 
Certain of its Subsidiaries.” For more information about the risks associated with our relationship with Phoenix TV, see “Item 3. Key 
Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—We may not be able to continue to receive the same 
level of support from Phoenix TV Group in the future. We could lose our license and priority over any third party to use Phoenix TV 
Group’s content and licensed trademarks, which would have an adverse effect on our paid services business, and would also 
negatively affect our video advertising business. Together, these impacts could have an adverse effect on our business and operating 
results” and “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure—We may have conflicts of 
interest with Phoenix TV and, because of Phoenix TV’s controlling beneficial ownership interest in our company, may not be able to 
resolve such conflicts on terms favorable for us.”

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Our Content

We strive to deliver the most up-to-date, in-depth, exclusive and thought-provoking content to our users. Content selection, 

editing and production are core focuses of our business. We obtain our content from four major sources: professional content, our 
original contents with intellectual property rights, or IP content, we-media content and online literature content. The content we 
acquire covers a wide spectrum of user-targeted subjects, including news, current affairs, finance, technology, automobiles, fashion 
and entertainment, among others. We believe that we have provided the earliest video and text media coverage among Chinese media 
companies of certain major world events. 

Content Sourcing

Acquired Professional Content. We have entered into content licensing agreements with approximately 232 third-party 
professional content providers in aggregate. We obtain our print content from major Chinese print media and news wires. Our content 
sources include companies such as China News Service, Xinhua News Agency and the Huanqiu.com, as well as China’s top image 
providers. The video content we source from third parties is primarily comprised of news and documentaries, which cater to our users’ 
preferences. In addition, according to the 2021 Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement we entered into with Phoenix 
TV Group, we have the exclusive right to broadcast copyrighted video content and the derived audio content from three television 
channels of Phoenix TV and its subsidiaries on the internet in Mainland China. The content that we source from professional related 
and third parties comprises the majority of the content on our PC websites, mobile applications and mobile websites. 

Original Content. Our core competitive differentiation lies in our original content production capabilities. As mobile Internet 

traffic growth has peaked, we believe that the most effective way to attract and retain users is to produce original content with 
distinctive characters that are true to our brand. Our original content matrix encompasses a variety of genres including in-depth 
commentary, investigative reporting, interviews, and premium IP production, in forms of text, image, video and livestreaming. For 
example, our original mini-documentary series titled Journey ("旅途"), which won the China Documentary Top 10 Award, portrayed 
the lives of ordinary people in mini-documentaries with a focus on the expression of individual aspirations. Our original columns and 
programs were each produced and presented in a certain voice and style consistent with our branding differentiation. Through this, we 
intend to not only enhance our brand image, but also create a unique brand affinity among our users and advertisers, which should 
help us unlock more sustainable long-term value from our brand equity in turn.

 We-media Content. We allow our users to upload text, images and videos content (UGC) to our PC websites, mobile 
applications and mobile websites through we-media accounts. We-media content adds an important complementary component to the 
content we deliver.

Online Literature Content. We offer our users a full-fledged online reading experience by providing them a plenty of high-
quality literary contents such as science fiction, urban romantic fiction, mystery fiction, etc. Furthermore, we are cultivating these 
content into online series, comic books, audiobooks and short-form videos to expand our content offerings. 

Content Verticals

We currently provide over 39 interest-based verticals, each of which features integrated text, image, video and livestreaming 
content and embedded interactive services, such as user surveys and comment postings. Our users can access all of our interest-based 
verticals’ content through our PC and mobile channel. Our most popular verticals include:

•

•

•

•

News. Through our news vertical, ifeng News, users have easy access to breaking news coverage from multiple sources 
and points of view. Our news vertical also features a large amount of in-depth special reports and embedded interactive 
services. For our special reports, we not only have dedicated teams deliver in-depth analysis and reports, but also 
integrated user surveys and comment postings into the featured websites.

Military affairs. Our military affairs vertical provides updated information and commentary on military affairs and 
defense matters to target a broad audience, which both includes military professionals and amateurs.

Video. Our video vertical offers timely video-based coverage as well as customized news programs. In addition, by 
leveraging the exclusive resources from Phoenix TV’s global journalism station, we are able to produce distinguished and 
influential news through short videos. By optimizing our AI image recognition technology, we have enhanced our ability 
to identify and restrict video content violating our standards, cultivated a proprietary supply of high-quality content, and 
actively partnered with professional video content producers to provide users with more high-quality and original short-
form video content. Meanwhile, our livestreaming vertical, FENG Live (“￿直播”), offers live-streamed news and 
information to provide real-time professional reports of hit events, conferences, etc.

Technology. Our technology vertical provides content relates to real-time reports of relevant hot topics in the TMT 
industry. In addition, the remarkable content in our technology vertical is Phoenix Lab (“凰家￿￿”), whose video series 
is designed to offer reviews of products and services that are both trustworthy and entertaining in the form of short-form 
videos, thus providing unbiased purchasing advice to China’s rising middle-class.

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•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Finance. Our finance vertical, ifeng Finance, provides up-to-date information about financial news, securities and 
personal finance. We have formed relationships with individual industry leaders who contribute to our in-depth reports 
and discussions we feature on our finance vertical. We also obtain independent finance content from Phoenix TV. Our 
finance vertical also offers stock quotes from the major exchanges, as well as breaking news from individual listed 
companies. 

Entertainment. Our entertainment vertical spans greater China and strives to cover entertainment news and developments 
in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and globally among the Chinese community. This vertical provides broad coverage of the 
latest entertainment news, including movies, television programs, plays, operas, as well as popular and classical music. It 
features our in-house produced video program of candid celebrity interviews.

Automobiles. Our automobiles vertical, ifeng Auto, offers the latest automobile-related news and information to provide 
car buyers and automobile enthusiasts with the most current information on automotive pricing, reviews and featured 
guides.

Sports. Our sports vertical offers multimedia news and information on a wide range of sporting events, and broadcasts 
both live and recorded domestic and international sports matches.

Real Estate. Based on the media characteristic of our company, the real estate vertical integrates massive resources of the 
industry and make an objective and detailed interpretation to the real estate market. We provide real estate related 
information including building details, the information of rental and purchasing of new residential property and second 
housing, and residential ecological service. The main sections include house.ifeng.com. Fengcx.com is a full-fledged 
digital media platform that tracks the latest real estate financial news in real time to provide valuable reference for buyers, 
investors, and enterprises. In 2022, with the launch of ESG channel and the establishment of the first ESG alliance in 
China’s real estate industry, the news production on Fengcx.com will be further enriched.

Home Living. Our home living vertical aims to help our audiences create a quality lifestyle. Serving home furnishing and 
building material enterprises and targeting the new middle class who pursue a quality lifestyle, our home living 
vertical closely revolves around home brands, industry associations, and designers to build the influence of such channel 
in the industry.

Fashion. Our fashion vertical provides coverage on fashion, beauty, weight loss, luxury goods, furniture, art and other 
popular topics around the theme of refined lifestyle. It offers information on international fashion trends and new fashion 
concepts. Our fashion vertical covers a variety of luxury topics, including wines, cigars, high-end brand apparel and 
accessories, as well as services aimed at the high-net-worth population. It also provides real-time coverage of major world 
fashion events, bringing users the latest information on styles and trends. We organize our Fashion Award Gala in Beijing 
every year, with the participation of the most popular celebrities and fashion KOLs, the events received positive feedback, 
further demonstrating our unparalleled brand influence.

History. Our history vertical provides content about Chinese and international history. We investigate relatively 
unexplored historical turning points and events and provide in-depth analyses of historical figures and events.

Content Editing and Production

Content editing and production are critical components of our content production process. We had a team of 241 editors as of 

December 31, 2023 organized generally by interest-based vertical. We believe that we possess a strong ability to select and distill 
compelling news stories and frame issues for our users in a distinctive way. Beyond distributing a large amount of news and 
information in a timely manner, we provide independent social commentary and analyses. We not only edit our videos, primarily 
consisting of news, documentaries and interviews into short clips but also organize our content by interest-based vertical and segment 
it further by featured topic. To produce an engaging user experience, we actively combine text, image, video and live broadcasting 
content and integrate interactive UGC. 

Content Monitoring

We implement monitoring procedures for all of our published content to remove inappropriate or illegal content, including 
but not limited to we-media and UGC from our discussion forum, comments postings and user survey services. As of December 31, 
2023, our content screening team consists of six employees and more than 138 outsourced staff members who are responsible for 
monitoring and preventing the public release of inappropriate illegal content. In addition to the staff of our content screening team, we 
also take advantage of the assistance of AI technology to ensure the efficiency and safety for our content monitoring. Text, images and 
video content are screened by our content screening team, which reviews the content on a 24-hour, 3-shift basis and employs 
monitoring procedures, including (i) technology screening, where a text filtering system screens content based on pre-set key words 
and identifies suspected information; and (ii) manual review, where the content that passes the technology screening is reviewed by 
the content screening team and the flagged content identified by our technology is reviewed and confirmed before it can be released. 

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For technology screening, the machine recognizes the video and image content and we use an in-house developed identification 
system in order to comply with PRC regulatory requirements regarding Internet content.

Our Channels

We provide our content and services through three major channels, including our PC channel, our mobile channel and third-

party channel. We also transmit our content to TV viewers, primarily through Phoenix TV. Together, these channels form a converged 
platform providing integrated text, image, video and livestreaming content, and employing a variety of interactive formats to create an 
extensive, personalized and hands-on experience for our users. We derive advertising revenues through our PC channel and mobile 
channel. In addition, we generate paid services revenues through PC, mobile and third-party channel.

Our PC Channel

Our PC channel consists of our website at ifeng.com, which comprises our interest-based content verticals and access to our 

licensed digital format books and our e-commerce platform. 

Our Mobile Channel

Our mobile channel includes (i) ifeng news application, (ii) ifeng video application, (iii) mobile Internet websites i.ifeng.com 

(“mobile websites”), and (iv) digital reading applications.

•

•

•

•

ifeng News (formerly named “Phoenix News”). We offer a wide range of mobile applications for different mobile devices. 
Ifeng news application is our flagship mobile product, which provides newsfeeds and other contents in the form of text, 
image, livestreaming and video.

ifeng Video (formerly named “Phoenix Mobile Station”). Ifeng video application provides video news, livestreaming, and 
Phoenix TV programs content, etc.

Mobile websites. Our i.ifeng.com website is designed and tailored to the preferences of our mobile users on mobile 
browser and web-based pages. As part of our converged platform, i.ifeng.com allows our users to access quality 
convergence content while they are on-the-go. Similar to ifeng.com, our i.ifeng.com features an array of interest-based 
and interactive verticals, as well as a mobile video site for watching free mobile VOD. 

Digital reading applications. Our digital reading application Fanyue Novel (“翻￿小￿”) provides fee-based Internet 
literatures from writers and digital format books licensed from third-party publishers to customers on our mobile platform. 
In 2021, we introduced a separate digital reading application Fun Novel (“趣小￿”), which offers users free literatures 
supported by advertising. Through these applications, our users are able to enjoy a full-fledged online reading experience 
and enable us to lay a solid foundation for building our own closed-loop IP ecosystem as we cultivate these content into 
online series, comic books, audiobooks and short-form videos to expand our content offerings and diversify our 
monetization channels. 

Third-Party Channel

In addition to our own channels, we have opened public accounts on popular social media in China and overseas including but 

not limited to WeChat, Weibo, Douyin, Kuaishou, Bilibili, Twitter and Facebook to distribute content in certain verticals such as 
news, product reviews, finance, technology, fashion and entertainment. 

We also rely on Telecom Operators’ platforms, Internet search engines and navigation sites to provide quality content for our 

high-end users. 

Our Sources of Revenues

Advertising Services

We provide advertising services primarily through our ifeng.com, our mobile Internet websites i.ifeng.com and our mobile 
applications in our mobile channel. Our advertising team consists of direct sales, agency sales, advertising technology and products 
support, customer support, advertising design and production, resource management, advertising strategy and sales promotion and 
other functions.

As is typical in China’s online advertising industry, we primarily enter into advertising service contracts through third-party 

advertising agencies. We mainly have three types of pricing models, consisting of the Cost Per Day (“CPD”) model, the Cost Per 
Impression (“CPM”) model, and the Cost Per Click (“CPC”) model. In 2023, our advertising services are primarily on our mobile 
channel. 

We strive to provide our advertisers with high-quality customer service. Our experienced sales professionals help advertisers 
to analyze their target audiences and create innovative campaign strategies and designs. We provide a variety of advertising solutions, 
including online advertisements, online video advertisements, user activities, live promotions and cross media public relations 

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campaigns. We have an advertising tracking system, which records and maintains the traffic statistics and other data that can be used 
to measure the effectiveness of advertisements. After the release of a customer’s advertising campaign, we furnish them with a report 
on the campaign’s effectiveness either prepared in-house or by an independent research firm.

We have a diverse advertising client base, including both Chinese and international brand advertisers. Our top ten advertisers 

accounted for 18.9% of our total gross advertising revenues in 2023. Our advertisers generally are in the Internet 
services, automobile, liquor, public service, financial services, e-commerce, communication services, food & beverages, appliance, 
retail services, etc. In 2023, we strengthened our collaboration with Phoenix TV, which allows us to synergize our resources and client 
bases, creating a richer and more comprehensive suite of marketing solutions for a broader advertiser base. 

Paid Services

Paid services revenues mainly consist of revenues from paid content and E-commerce. Revenues generated from paid 

contents include fees from digital reading and revenues from the sales of audio books and other content-related sales activities. E-
commerce revenues are generated from the sales of goods through our e-commerce platform or other third-party platforms. We have 
formed a team of professional buyers to select high-end products in categories such as fine culture and creativity, food and wine, and 
health and wellness. The following table sets forth our paid services offerings on third parties’ platforms and our own platforms and 
the percentage contribution of our various paid services to our paid services revenues and our total revenues in 2023.  

Paid Services Offerings
Paid contents

Digital reading, audio books and other content-related sales

E-commerce and others

E-commerce, MVAS and others

Our Advertising Execution Team

% of Paid Service Revenues

% of Total Revenues

48.0%

52.0%

5.0%

5.5%

We have a dedicated team to manage the advertising execution which includes a series of review procedures on our 
advertising material before we display such material on our platforms interfaces. This team checks advertisements to ensure that they 
do not contain any racial, violent, pornographic or other inappropriate content. This team also verifies that advertisers have provided 
relevant government approvals if their advertisements are subject to special government requirements.

Marketing and Promotion

We employ a variety of traditional and online marketing programs and promotional activities to build our brand as part of our 

overall marketing strategy. We focus on building brand awareness and growing our user base through proactive public relations and 
innovative and interactive marketing activities and events. In December 2023, we organized the iFeng Finance Summit, which 
featured a stellar lineup of distinguished speakers including authority figures in the field of politics, finance and academia. The 
performance data of the event is exceptionally favorable, with over 40 million reads and 45 million video plays across the Internet, 
making it one of the most high profile industry events during the year. 

We believe that our distinguished content and high-quality services lead to strong word-of-mouth promotion, which drives 
consumer awareness of our brand in China. In addition, our engagement in philanthropic activities, such as our Forever Happiness 
Charity Gala (“美￿童行”), helps associate our brand with social responsibility. In October 2023, the 2023 Forever Happiness 
Charity Gala, jointly organized by Phoenix and Chi Heng Foundation Canada, was successfully held in Vancouver, Canada. Local 
overseas Chinese, political and business leaders, philanthropists, celebrities, and media partners gathered for the event. This marked 
the fifth time the Forever Happiness Charity Gala was held abroad. The event raised over RMB2.7 million, which will be fully used to 
assist orphans with AIDS and disadvantaged students. 

Seasonality

Seasonal fluctuations and industry cyclicality have affected, and are likely to continue to affect our business. We generally 

generate less revenue from advertising sales and paid services revenues during national holidays in China, in particular during the 
Chinese New Year holidays in the first quarter of each year. We typically generate higher net advertising revenues in the fourth 
quarter due to greater advertising spending by our advertisers near the end of each calendar year when they spend the remaining 
portions of their annual budgets. In addition, advertising spending in China has historically been cyclical, reflecting overall economic 
conditions as well as the budgeting and buying patterns of our advertisers. We expect that the seasonal fluctuations and cyclicality to 
cause our quarterly and annual operating results to fluctuate. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Our 
Business and Industry—Our quarterly revenues and operating results may fluctuate, which makes our operating results difficult to 
predict and may cause our quarterly operating results to fall short of expectations.”

Research and Development

We continued to improve our advertising solution products as well as focus on improving our convergence model across PC, 
mobile and TV in order to provide our users easier access to our premium content through any device. In particular, we continued to 
introduce and improve our mobile applications and strengthened commercial products in certain of our verticals. For example, we 

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internally developed an analytic platforms named Fengyan (“￿眼”) to track and analyze certain real-time user behavior data under 
user consent. Through Fengyan we can better understand user’s profile and reading preference, and provide reference data for future 
content production and performance advertising solution. We also have an in-house Data Management Platform to better analyze and 
manage advertising data and help improve the targeting accuracy of advertisements. Another platform we launched is Fengyu (“￿羽
”). Fengyu is a customizable and self-service marketing solution that operates under a bidding system. Customers are able to target 
users based on gender, age, geographic location, interests, device type, etc. Customers can place performance-based ads directly by 
themselves using our self-service advertising system. We launched Fengyi (“￿翼”), another customizable marketing solution, 
catering to premium advertising demands. Following the success of these two platforms, we decided to develop Fengfei (“￿￿”), an 
advertising platform that we built based on in-app advertisement solutions. The platform enables mobile application developers with 
less traffic to access our commercial resources, advertising data, and service capabilities through a set of advertising monetization 
solutions. In 2021, 2022 and 2023, our total technology and product development expenses, including related share-based 
compensation, were RMB158.6 million, RMB131.8 million and RMB82.7 million (US$11.6 million), respectively.

Infrastructure and Technology

Our technology platforms have been designed for reliability, speed, scalability and flexibility and are administered by our in-

house technology department. We have access to a network of approximately 200 self-owned and leased servers across China 
mainland and Hong Kong with power supply and power generator backup. We have developed our server operations based on Linux 
and other open source software, which has allowed us to lower software related investment and enhance our network reliability. In 
addition, we migrated our services and products to approximately 2,000 cloud-based servers that we lease from third-party operators 
to effectively control our operation and maintenance costs.

Content Management Technology. We have internally developed a leading new media content management system, which 
fully integrates our PC and mobile channels. We have also developed a new consolidated system, UCMS (U-Content Management 
System), for content management and delivery.

Integration with Phoenix TV. The integration of our and Phoenix TV’s content management systems allows us to directly 

access Phoenix TV’s programs digitally, in addition to our access via satellite signal, and to expedite the transmission of our content to 
Phoenix TV.

Data Analysis Technology. Based on commercial big data, we developed a data analytical system, which has successfully 

helped to build a comprehensive analytical chain of big data and helped us to achieve our goals of making precise and efficient 
commercial strategy decisions. This system delivers comprehensive and consultative data ranging from distribution channel, content 
to manpower. We can access advertising exposure data as well as clicks and its corresponding costs on all business platforms, such as 
our PC websites, mobile applications and mobile websites. In addition, this system possesses flexible mechanics for organizing and 
analyzing data, with relatively lower cost.

Cloud Computing. We have built a distributed file system, which provides file access services to our content management 

system, and is anticipated to become a streaming media service and core storage system for each of our CDN nodes. We have 
commenced our distributed computing platforms project, which provides large-scale computer capacity support for our raw access log 
and transcoding computing-intensive applications. We also adopted a multi-cloud service strategy, aiming to achieve disaster recovery 
backup and high availability for our business operations, hence mitigating the risks associated with reliance on a single cloud provider. 
With cloud computing, we benefit from extremely flexible and scalable computing and storage resources, which increase utilization of 
resources and significantly reduce computing costs. To upgrade our system infrastructure and lower our bandwidth costs, we 
increasingly use cloud computing system in 2023. 

Intelligent Recommender System (IRS). Our technical department developed a real-time, personalized recommender system, 

which produces a list of contents through algorithm-based system and expert system, to predict contents that the user may have an 
interest in, and to recommend additional items with similar properties. Powered by cutting-edge algorithm technology, we are able to 
provide useful and relative news and information to our users, and also well-equipped to provide enhanced advertising solutions that 
target users based on their exhibited preferences.

Competition

We operate in the market of PC and mobile Internet content and services, especially in newsfeed sector in China. The industry 

is highly competitive and rapidly changing due to the growing market and technological developments. Our ability to compete 
successfully depends on many factors, including the quality and relevance of our content, the demographic composition of our users, 
brand recognition and reputation, user experience, the robustness of our technology platforms, our ability to provide innovative 
advertising services to our customers and our relationships with our advertisers.

While we believe that our integrated platforms business model and targeted user base is unique, on the whole, from other 

companies in China, we compete with other content and service providers in each of our individual channels for user traffic, 
advertising revenues and fee-based services. On Internet content and service provision, we compete primarily with Baidu Inc, 
NetEase, Inc., Sina Corporation, Sohu.com Limited and Tencent Technology Limited. Besides, especially among mobile newsfeed 

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sector, we primarily compete against ByteDance (Jinri Toutiao) and Qutoutiao. In terms of video content, we compete with a number 
of online video companies, including ByteDance (Douyin), Kuaishou, Youku Tudou, iQIYI and Tencent video.

We also compete with traditional advertising media, such as television, radio, print media, as well as billboards and other 

forms of outdoor media. We expect large companies’ proportionate spending on new media advertising of their advertising budgets 
relative to traditional media advertising to continue increase in the future.

Environmental, Social and Governance

We firmly believe that, as an enterprise develops, in addition to its economic value, it must also give even more consideration 

to its value to the society. In addition, an enterprise must fulfill its social responsibilities and uphold its standard of morality and 
conscience to stay in a competitive position. Despite the challenging economic environment, we are committed to corporate social 
responsibility and meeting society’s changing needs, which is the mission and objective of our concerning.

We are committed to living up to our social responsibilities and to facilitate meaningful public affairs dialogue. Leveraging 

our own advantages as a media company and our brand influence, we provide public welfare information and organize charity events 
through our media platform to gather resources from charitable organizations, media partners and caring enterprises, with the aim of 
promoting charity, facilitating public welfare and environmental protection projects and making contributions to the society's 
sustainable development. For example, we launched the Activist League in 2016, aiming at establishing a charity event platform for 
the mutual aid and cooperation among charitable organizations, creative industries, celebrities and caring companies, and through the 
platform providing extra media resources and corporate support to the charitable parties. Meanwhile, the platform also gathers and 
selects from all sectors of the society innovative charity projects, which are suitable for dissemination through new media, covering a 
multiple of areas such as caring for autistic children, environmental protection and animal protection, etc. In the past six years, the 
Activist League has launched a series of solutions focusing on wildlife protection and child safety issues, such as the Tape Pledge and 
Brave Babe, which not only won awards both at home and abroad, facilitated the spread of the social design concept in China, but also 
earned high recognition from the United Nations through promoting the practice of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development 
Goals in China and around the world. Girls Protection, an important project of the Activist League, has brought children sexual abuse 
prevention and puberty health education courses to 31 provinces in China, covering over three million children and over 0.5 million 
parents. In November 2023, the Activist League platform also held the Corporate and Social Responsibility and Innovation Forum 
event in Beijing.

In terms of employment and labor practices, we adopt a people-oriented strategy where we attract and retain talents by 
offering reasonable employment terms, a safe and healthy work environment, a wide range of employee benefits and trainings for staff 
development while maintaining strict compliance with the labor practices. Meanwhile, we are committed to actively embracing 
different individuals with different backgrounds and to promote the value of an inclusive and diverse culture that promotes gender 
equality, which we believe attracts the best talent. We offer occupational training to our employees to enhance their knowledge and 
skills for performing job duties and we provide a multitude of benefits to our employees and their family members.

In the area of environmental protection, our operations do not produce or discharge any industrial waste that is hazardous to 

the environment and we maintain compliance with the environment laws and regulations in the PRC. We are committed to carbon 
mitigation measures and will continue to explore ways to further improve energy efficiency. We ask our employees to be mindful of 
the environment when consuming office supplies.

Intellectual Property 

We rely on a combination of trademark, copyright and trade secret protection laws in China and other jurisdictions, as well as 

confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to protect our intellectual property and our brand. We also enter into 
confidentiality, non-compete and invention assignment agreements with our employees and consultants and nondisclosure agreements 
with selected third parties. We had 366 PRC software registrations and owned 53 domain names, including ifeng.com, as of March 31, 
2024.

We have also designed proprietary logos for use in the respective businesses of Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe. As of 

March 31, 2024, Tianying Jiuzhou owned 485 PRC registered trademarks, six of which were transferred from Phoenix Satellite 
Trademark Limited, and 27 international registered trademarks, include three Hong Kong registered trademarks and three Macau 
registered trademarks, and Yifeng Lianhe owned 62 PRC registered trademarks. Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe continue to use 
certain of Phoenix TV’s logos that are licensed from Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited. For information about the risks 
related to our use of licensed trademarks and our plans to remedy such risks, see “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks 
Relating to Our Business and Industry—The VIEs and their respective shareholders do not own all the trademarks used in their value-
added telecommunications services, which may subject them to revocation of their licenses or other penalties or sanctions.”

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Employees

We had 1,245, 893 and 743 employees as of December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The table below sets forth the 

number of employees categorized by function as of December 31, 2023: 

Function
Management and administration
Content development
Mobile products and services
Technology and product development
Sales and marketing
Total

Number of Employees

108
241
64
99
231
743

The number of our employees decreased from 893 as of December 31, 2022 to 743 as of December 31, 2023 primarily 

because we implemented cost control measures and optimized our employee structure to increase operating efficiency.

 As of December 31, 2023, we had 613, 28 and 40 employees located in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, respectively, and 

62 employees located in other locations in China. Currently we do not have any employees located outside of China.

Since our inception, we have not experienced any strikes or other disruptions of employment. We believe our relationships 

with our employees are good.

The remuneration package of our employees includes salary, bonus, share-based compensation and other cash benefits. In 

accordance with applicable regulations in China, we participate in a pension contribution plan, a medical insurance plan, an 
unemployment insurance plan, a personal injury insurance plan, maternity insurance and a housing reserve fund for the benefit of all 
of our employees.

Facilities

Our executive office is located at Sinolight Plaza, Floor 16, No. 4 Qiyang Road, Wangjing, Chaoyang District, Beijing 

100102, People’s Republic of China. We maintain a number of offices in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou under leases with terms 
ranging from one to five years. As of December 31, 2023, we leased an aggregate of 9,157 square meters of office space in Beijing 
and 4,957 square meters of office space in other regions in China for use as office space for our employees. 

We believe that our leased facilities are adequate to meet our needs for the foreseeable future, and that we will be able to 

obtain adequate facilities, principally through leasing of additional properties, to accommodate our future expansions.

Legal and Administrative Proceedings

From time to time, we are involved in claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. We are 

currently a party to certain legal proceedings and claims, which in the opinion of our management, adequate provisions have been 
recorded to cover the probable loss of those that can be reasonably estimated, while other claims are considered would not have 
material adverse effect, individually or in the aggregate, on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. From January 1, 
2023 to March 31, 2024, we have been subject to 268 cases in the PRC, 151 of which have been concluded. The aggregate amount of 
damages awards and settlements paid by us was RMB5.7 million. Government authorities may also impose administrative penalties 
on us if they find that we have infringed third parties’ intellectual property rights.

In November 2016, China Youth Book Inc. and Dewey Press LLC filed a claim against Tianying Jiuzhou and our company 
for intellectual property infringement of such work based on the above-mentioned finding of the National Copyright Bureau, and the 
related claim for damage was approximately RMB235.8 million, even though the actual income we generated from such work was 
less than RMB1,500. This claim was withdrawn by the plaintiffs in January 2018. In April 2018, we received notices from the local 
court that the plaintiffs have filed a lawsuit against us again for the same claim, with the related claim for damages reduced to 
approximately RMB99.8 million. In April 2020, we received the judgment from the local court, which ordered us to pay the plaintiffs 
a total of approximately RMB1.0 million as economic compensation and reimbursement of the plaintiff’s reasonable expenses. After 
the plaintiff filed an appeal against the judgment made by the local court, the appellate court made the final judgment in December 
2020 and upheld the local court’s decision. Tianying Jiuzhou has subsequently paid a total of approximately RMB1.0 million in 
damages to the plaintiff and fulfilled its obligation under the judgment. In June 2021, the plaintiff applied for a retrial with the 
Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Court conducted a hearing on the matter of retrial. On April 7, 2023, the Supreme 
People’s Court has rendered its decision and dismissed the plaintiff’s application for retrial. 

Litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties and our view of these matters may change in the future. There exists the 

possibility of a material adverse impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows for the period in which the 
unfavorable outcome occurs, and potentially in future periods.

Regulatory Matters 

Licenses and Permissions Requirements

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Except for as disclosed in “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—Our 

lack of an Internet audio-visual program transmission license has exposed, and may continue to expose, us to administrative sanctions, 
including the banning of our paid mobile video services and video advertising services, which would materially and adversely affect 
our business and results of operation,” “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—
Our lack of an Internet news license may expose us to administrative sanctions, including an order to cease our Internet information 
services or to cease the Internet access services provided by third parties to us. In 2023, the vast majority of our total revenues were 
derived from Internet information services and services that relied on Internet access services from third parties,” “Item 3. Key 
Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—Failure to obtain NRTA’s approval for introducing and 
broadcasting foreign television programs could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business,” “Item 3. Key 
Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—Failure to obtain certain permits for our advertising 
services that contain drug-related information would subject us to penalties,” “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks 
Relating to Our Business and Industry—If we fail to obtain or maintain all applicable permits and approvals, or fail to comply with 
PRC regulations, relating to Internet publishing services, our ability to conduct our digital reading business and certain other 
businesses could be affected and we could be subject to penalties and other administrative sanctions,” we have received all material 
permissions that are, or may be, required for our operations in China, and no material permission has been denied from us by relevant 
authorities in China. As of the date of this annual report, we have not been informed by any PRC government authority of any 
requirement for us to obtain permission for issuance of our ADSs to foreign investors. However, there remains some uncertainty as to 
how the relevant PRC laws, rules and regulations will be interpreted or implemented. In addition, rules and regulations in China can 
change quickly with little advance notice. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and 
Industry—We may be subject to cybersecurity review by regulatory authorities of the PRC in the future” and “Item 3. Key 
Information—D. Risk Factors —Risks Relating to Doing Business in China— The approval of the China Securities Regulatory 
Commission, or the CSRC, may have been required in connection with our initial public offering. Our failure to obtain this approval, 
if required, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, reputation and trading price of our ADSs.” 

The below table sets forth material permissions and/or licenses we have obtained for our operations in China.

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Company Name

Company Status

Name of Permission/License

Governing Government Authority

Tianying Jiuzhou

One of the VIEs
One of the VIEs

Tianying Jiuzhou

Tianying Jiuzhou

Tianying Jiuzhou

Tianying Jiuzhou

Tianying Jiuzhou

Tianying Jiuzhou

Tianying Jiuzhou

Tianying Jiuzhou
Tianying Jiuzhou

Yifeng Lianhe

Yifeng Lianhe

Yifeng Lianhe

Yifeng Lianhe

Yifeng Lianhe

Yifeng Lianhe

Yifeng Lianhe

Yifeng Lianhe

Yifeng Lianhe
Yifeng Lianhe

Fengyu Network

Fengyu Network

Fengyu Network

Fengyu Network

Fengyu Network

Fengyu Network
Beijing Fengyue 
Culture Technology 
Co., Ltd.
Beijing Fengyue 
Culture Technology 
Co., Ltd.
Beijing Fengyue 
Culture Technology 
Co., Ltd.
Beijing Fengyue 
Culture Technology 
Co., Ltd.

Value-added Telecommunications Business 
Operating License

Value-added Telecommunications Business 
Operating License

Online Culture Operating Permit

Publication Operation Permit
Permit for Radio and Television Program 
Production and Operation

Commercial Performance License

Telecommunications Code Number Resources 
Operating Certificate

Network Publication Service License

Beijing Communications Administration
Ministry of Industry and Information 
Technology of the People’s Republic of 
China
Beijing Municipal Bureau of Culture and 
Tourism
Chaoyang District People’s Government of 
Beijing Municipality
Beijing Municipal Radio and Television 
Bureau
Beijing Municipal Bureau of Culture and 
Tourism
Ministry of Industry and Information 
Technology of the People’s Republic of 
China
National Press and Publication 
Administration
Beijing Committee for Ethnic and Religious 
Affairs

One of the VIEs

One of the VIEs

One of the VIEs

One of the VIEs

One of the VIEs

One of the VIEs

One of the VIEs

One of the VIEs

Internet Religious Information Service License
Filing of Internet Information Service Algorithm the Cyberspace Administration of China
Value-added Telecommunications Business 
Operating License

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs
Subsidiary of one of the VIEsValue-added Telecommunications Business 

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Operating License

Publication Operation Permit

Subsidiary of one of the VIEsInternet Medicine Information Service 

Qualification Certificate

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Telecommunications Code Number Resources 
Operating Certificate
Subsidiary of one of the VIEsFilling of Third-party Platform Provider for Online 

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Food Trading

Subsidiary of one of the VIEsCustoms Record Return Receipt for Consignees 

and Consignors of Import and Export Goods

Filing of Foreign Trade Business Operators

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Subsidiary of one of the VIEsFiling of Blockchain Information Service
Subsidiary of one of the VIEsValue-added Telecommunications Business 

Filing Certificate of Art Operators

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Operating License

Online Culture Operating Permit

Publication Operation Permit

Subsidiary of one of the VIEsPermit for Radio and Television Program 

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Production and Operation

Commercial Performance License

Filing Certificate of Art Operators

Value-added Telecommunications Business 
Operating License

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Online Culture Operating Permit

Beijing Communications Administration
Ministry of Industry and Information 
Technology of the PRC
Beijing Municipal Bureau of Press and 
Publication
Beijing Municipal Medical Products 
Administration
Ministry of Industry and Information 
Technology of the People’s Republic of 
China
Beijing Municipal Medical Products 
Administration
Chaoyang District Commerce Bureau of 
Beijing Municipality
Chaoyang District Customs District of 
Beijing Municipality P.R.China
Chaoyang District Bureau of Culture and 
Tourism of Beijing Municipality
the Cyberspace Administration of China

Beijing Communications Administration
Beijing Municipal Bureau of Culture and 
Tourism
Beijing Municipal Bureau of Press and 
Publication
Beijing Municipal Radio and Television 
Bureau
Beijing Municipal Bureau of Culture and 
Tourism
Chaoyang District Bureau of Culture and 
Tourism of Beijing Municipality

Beijing Communications Administration

Beijing Municipal Bureau of Culture and 
Tourism

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Permit for Radio and Television Program 
Production and Operation

Beijing Municipal Radio and Television 
Bureau

Publication Operation Permit

Beijing Municipal Bureau of Press and 
Publication

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Beijing Fengyue 
Culture Technology 
Co., Ltd.

Huanyou Tianxia

Huanyou Tianxia

Huanyou Tianxia

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Subsidiary of one of the VIEsTelecommunication and Information Services 
Business License

Filing Certificate of Art Operators

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Subsidiary of one of the VIEs

Publication Operation Permit

Food Operation Licenses

Fenghuang On-line

Our PRC subsidiary

Fenghuang On-line

Our PRC subsidiary

Certificate of High-tech Enterprise
Zhongguancun Science Part High and New 
Technology Enterprise

Fenghuang Yutian

Our PRC subsidiary

Fenghuang Yutian

Our PRC subsidiary

Certificate of High-tech Enterprise
Zhongguancun Science Part High and New 
Technology Enterprise

Fenghuang Borui

Our PRC subsidiary

Fenghuang Borui

Our PRC subsidiary

Certificate of High-tech Enterprise
Zhongguancun Science Part High and New 
Technology Enterprise

Chaoyang District Bureau of Culture and 
Tourism of Beijing Municipality

Beijing Communications Administration
Beijing Municipal Bureau of Press and 
Publication
Chaoyang District Market Regulation 
Administration of Beijing Municipality
Beijing Municipal Science & Technology 
Commission, Beijing Municipal Finance 
Bureau, Beijing Municipal Tax Bureau
Administrative Commission of 
Zhongguancun Science Park
Beijing Municipal Science & Technology 
Commission, Beijing Municipal Finance 
Bureau, Beijing Municipal Tax Bureau
Administrative Commission of 
Zhongguancun Science Park
Beijing Municipal Science & Technology 
Commission, Beijing Municipal Finance 
Bureau, Beijing Municipal Tax Bureau
Administrative Commission of 
Zhongguancun Science Park

The following is a summary of the most significant PRC laws and regulations that affect our business activities in China or 

our shareholders’ rights to receive dividends and other distributions from us.

Foreign Investment Law

Investment activities in the PRC by foreign investors are principally governed by the Catalogue of Industries for Encouraging 

Foreign Investment, or the Encouraging Catalogue, and the Special Management Measures (Negative List) for the Access of Foreign 
Investment, or the Negative List, both of which were promulgated and are amended from time to time by the MOFCOM, and the 
NDRC. The Encouraging Catalogue and the Negative List lay out the basic framework for foreign investment in China, classifying 
businesses into three categories with regard to foreign investment: “encourage”, “restricted” and “prohibited”. Industries not listed in 
the Encouraging Catalogue and the Negative List are generally deemed as falling into a fourth category “permitted” unless specifically 
restricted by other PRC laws.

On December 27, 2021, MOFCOM and the NDRC released the Special Management Measures (Negative List) for the Access 
of Foreign Investment (2021 Version), which became effective on January 1, 2022, to replace the previous Negative List. On October 
26, 2022, the MOFCOM and the NDRC released the Catalog of Industries for Encouraging Foreign Investment (2022 Version), which 
became effective on January 1, 2023, to replace the previous Encouraging Catalogue. 

On March 15, 2019, the National People’s Congress promulgated the FIL, which came into effect on January 1, 2020 and the 

FIL replaced the Old FIE Laws. The FIL, by means of legislation, establishes the basic framework for the access, promotion, 
protection and administration of foreign investment in view of investment protection and fair competition.

According to the FIL, foreign investment shall enjoy pre-entry national treatment, except for those foreign invested entities 

that operate in industries deemed to be either “restricted” or “prohibited” in the “negative list”. The FIL provides that foreign invested 
entities operating in foreign “restricted” or “prohibited” industries will require entry clearance and other approvals. In addition, the 
FIL does not comment on the concept of “de facto control” or contractual arrangements with variable interest entities, however, it has 
a catch-all provision under definition of “foreign investment” to include investments made by foreign investors in China through 
means stipulated by laws or administrative regulations or other methods prescribed by the State Council. Therefore, it still leaves 
leeway for future laws, administrative regulations or provisions to provide for contractual arrangements as a form of foreign 
investment. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors— Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system could limit the 
protections available to you and us.”

The FIL also provides several protective rules and principles for foreign investors and their investments in the PRC, 
including, among others, that local governments shall abide by their commitments to the foreign investors; foreign-invested 
enterprises are allowed to issue stocks and corporate bonds; except for special circumstances, in which case statutory procedures shall 
be followed and fair and reasonable compensation shall be made in a timely manner, expropriate or requisition the investment of 
foreign investors is prohibited; mandatory technology transfer is prohibited, allows foreign investors’ funds to be freely transferred out 
and into the territory of PRC, which run through the entire lifecycle from the entry to the exit of foreign investment, and provide an 
all-around and multi-angle system to guarantee fair competition of foreign-invested enterprises in the market economy. In addition, 
foreign investors or the foreign investment enterprise should be imposed legal liabilities for failing to report investment information in 

70

accordance with the requirements. Furthermore, the FIL provides that foreign invested enterprises established according to the existing 
laws regulating foreign investment may maintain their structure and corporate governance within five years after the implementing of 
the FIL, which means that foreign invested enterprises may be required to adjust the structure and corporate governance in accordance 
with the current PRC Company Law and other laws and regulations governing the corporate governance.

On December 26, 2019, the State Council promulgated the Implementation Rules to the Foreign Investment Law, which 

became effective on January 1, 2020. The implementation rules further clarified that the state encourages and promotes foreign 
investment, protects the lawful rights and interests of foreign investors, regulates foreign investment administration, continues to 
optimize foreign investment environment, and advances a higher-level opening.

On December 30, 2019, the MOFCOM and SAMR, jointly promulgated the Measures for Information Reporting on Foreign 
Investment, which became effective on January 1, 2020. Pursuant to the Measures for Information Reporting on Foreign Investment, 
where a foreign investor carries out investment activities in China directly or indirectly, the foreign investor or the foreign-invested 
enterprise shall submit the investment information to the competent commerce department.

On December 19, 2020, the MOFCOM and the NDRC, jointly promulgated the Measures for the Security Review of Foreign 

Investments, which took effect on January 18, 2021. Pursuant to the measures, for foreign investments which affect or may affect 
national security, security review shall be conducted in accordance with the provisions of the measures. The State establishes a 
working mechanism for the security review of foreign investments (the “Working Mechanism”) to be responsible for organizing, 
coordinating and guiding the security review of foreign investments. For foreign investments related to important cultural products 
and services, important information technology and internet products and services, etc., the foreign investors who obtains the actual 
controlling stake in the investee enterprise or relevant parties in the PRC shall declare to the office of the Working Mechanism prior to 
implementation of the investments.

Regulation of Telecommunications and Internet Information Services

The telecommunications industry, including the Internet sector, is highly regulated in the PRC. Regulations issued or 

implemented by the State Council, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, or MIIT (formerly the Ministry of 
Information Industry, or MII), and other relevant government authorities cover many aspects of operation of telecommunications and 
Internet information services, including entry into the telecommunications industry, the scope of permissible business activities, 
licenses and permits for various business activities and foreign investment.

The principal regulations governing the telecommunications and Internet information services we provide in the PRC include:

Telecommunications Regulations (2016, revised), or the Telecom Regulations. The Telecom Regulations categorize all 

telecommunications businesses in the PRC as either basic or value-added. Value-added telecommunications services are defined as 
telecommunications and information services provided through public network infrastructures. The currently effective “Catalog of 
Telecommunications Business”, an attachment to the Telecom Regulations, categorizes various types of telecommunications and 
telecommunications-related activities into basic or value-added telecommunications services, according to which, Internet information 
services, or ICP services, are classified as value-added telecommunications businesses. Under the Telecom Regulations, commercial 
operators of value-added telecommunications services must first obtain an operating license for value-added telecommunications 
services, or the ICP License, from MIIT or its provincial level counterparts.

Administrative Measures on Internet Information Services (2011, revised), or the Internet Measures. According to the Internet 

Measures, a commercial ICP service operator must obtain an ICP License from MIIT or its provincial level counterparts before 
engaging in any commercial ICP service in PRC. When the ICP service involves areas of news, publication, education, medicine, 
health, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment and other industry and, if required by relevant laws and regulations, prior approval from 
the respective regulatory authorities must be obtained prior to applying for the ICP License. Moreover, an ICP service operator must 
display its ICP License number in a conspicuous location on its websites.

Notice of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on the Record-filing of Mobile Internet Application (2023), or 
the APP Filing Notice. Under the APP Filing Notice, holders of mobile Internet Apps engaged in Internet information services within 
the Mainland of PRC must fulfill the filing requirements in accordance with the Anti-Telecom and Online Fraud Law of PRC and the 
Administrative Measures on Internet Information Services and such holders shall not engage in the App Internet information service 
without completion of such filing. The APP Filing Notice has set up a transition period from September 2023 to March 2024 for any 
App that has carried out business before the promulgation of such notice to go through the record-filing formalities in accordance with 
such notice.

Opinions on Further Compacting the Main Responsibility of Website Platform Information Content Management, or the 

Opinions on Website Responsibility (2021). On September 15, 2021, the CAC issued the Opinions on Website Responsibilities, which 
took effect on the same date. These opinions systematically put forward the work requirements for the website platform to perform the 
main responsibility of information content management, mainly including ten specific contents: (i) clearly grasp the connotation of the 
main responsibility; (ii) improve the platform community rules; (iii) strengthen the standardized management of accounts; (iv) 
improve the content review mechanism; (v) improve the quality of information content; (vi) standardize the dissemination of 

71

information content; (vii) strengthen the management of key functions; (viii) insist on operating in compliance with laws and 
regulations; (ix) strictly protect minors on the Internet; and (x) strengthen the construction of the personnel team. Besides, these 
opinions further put forward specific requirements for the website platform to perform the main responsibility.

Administrative Provisions on Internet Information Service Algorithm Recommendation (2022). The Administrative Provisions 

on Internet Information Service Algorithm Recommendation implements classification and hierarchical management for algorithm 
recommendation service providers based on varies criteria, and stipulates that algorithm recommendation service providers with 
public opinion attributes or social mobilisation capabilities shall submit the relevant information within ten business days from the 
date of providing such services and go through the record-filing formalities. Algorithmic recommendation service providers are 
required to provide users with options that are not specific to their personal characteristics, or provide users with convenient options to 
cancel algorithmic recommendation services. If the users choose to cancel the algorithm recommendation service, the algorithm 
recommendation service provider shall immediately stop providing relevant services. Algorithmic recommendation service providers 
shall provide users with the function to select or delete user labels of personal characteristics, which are used for algorithmic 
recommendation services. In violation of such provisions, the algorithm recommendation service providers may be ordered to effect 
rectification by the relevant competent authorities; where they fail to effect rectification or if the circumstances are serious, a fine of 
no less than RMB10,000 but no more than RMB100,000 may be imposed, and the relevant competent authorities may order them to 
suspend information updating. As of the date of this annual report, we are in the process of completing such record-filing 
formalities. There is uncertainty as to whether we will be able to complete such record-filing.

Administrative Measures for Telecommunications Business Operating License (2017, revised), or the Telecom License 

Measures. Pursuant to the Telecom License Measures, an ICP service operator conducting business within a single province must 
apply for the ICP License from MIIT’s applicable provincial level counterpart, while that providing ICP services across provinces 
must apply for Trans-regional ICP License directly from MIIT. The appendix to the ICP License should detail the permitted activities 
to be conducted by the ICP service operator. An approved ICP service operator must conduct its business in accordance with the 
specifications recorded on its ICP License. The ICP License is subject to annual report, an ICP service operator shall report certain 
information to the issuing authorities through the Administrative Platforms in the first quarter every year, such information includes 
the business performance of the telecommunications business in the previous year; the actual progress in network building-up, 
business development, turnover of staff and institutional restructuring; the service quality; the actual implementation of the network 
and information security guarantee systems and measures; the actual implementation of the relevant provisions of MIIT and other 
information required to be reported to the issuing authorities. An ICP service operator shall be responsible for the authenticity of the 
information in the annual report.

Regulations for Administration of Foreign-Invested Telecommunications Enterprises (2022, revised), or the FITE 
Regulations, which took effect on May 1, 2022. Under the FITE Regulations, a foreign entity is prohibited from owning more than 
50% of the total equity interest in any value-added telecommunications service business in the PRC.

Notice on Strengthening the Administration of Foreign Investment in Value-added Telecommunications Services (2006), or 
the MIIT 2006 Notice. Under the MIIT 2006 Notice, a domestic PRC company that holds an ICP License is prohibited from leasing, 
transferring or selling the ICP License to foreign investors in any form, and from providing any assistance, including providing 
resources, sites or facilities, to foreign investors that conduct value-added telecommunications business illegally in the PRC. Further, 
the domain names and registered trademarks used by an operating company providing value-added telecommunications service must 
be legally owned by such company and/or its shareholders. In addition, such company’s operation premises and equipment should 
comply with its approved ICP License, and such company should establish and improve its internal Internet and information security 
policies and standards and emergency management procedures. After the promulgation of the MIIT 2006 Notice in July 2006, the 
MIIT issued a subsequent notice in October 2006, or the MIIT October Notice, urging value-added telecommunication service 
operators to conduct self-examination regarding any noncompliance with the MIIT 2006 Notice prior to November 1, 2006.

We have designed proprietary logos for use in the respective businesses of Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe. As of March 

31, 2024, Tianying Jiuzhou owned 485 PRC registered trademarks, six of which were transferred to it from Phoenix Satellite 
Trademark Limited, and Yifeng Lianhe owned 62 PRC registered trademarks. Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe continue to use 
certain of Phoenix TV’s logos that are licensed from Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited. Therefore, we are currently not 
in compliance with the MIIT 2006 Notice.

All “ifeng” related trademarks used by our company have been transferred to Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe. In 

addition, we will continue to examine the possibility of the transferring to the VIEs or their respective subsidiaries all or part of the 
ownership of additional licensed logos currently used by them in a manner that would meet the requirements of PRC trademark 
regulations in due course in the future. For information about the risks related to our use of licensed trademarks, see “Item 3. Key 
Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—The VIEs and their respective shareholders do not own 
all the trademarks used in their value-added telecommunications services, which may subject them to revocation of their licenses or 
other penalties or sanctions.”

Measures for the Administration of Commercial Websites Filings for Record (2004) was promulgated by Beijing 

Administration of Industry and Commerce on October 1, 2004. Under these measures, commercial websites operated by ICP service 

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operators registered in Beijing must: (i) file with the Beijing Administration of Industry and Commerce and obtain electronic 
registration marks, and (ii) place the registration marks on their websites’ homepages.

In order to comply with these PRC laws and regulations, we operate our commercial websites through Tianying Jiuzhou, one 

of the VIEs. Tianying Jiuzhou holds an ICP License and owns the material domain names for our value-added telecommunications 
business. In addition, Tianying Jiuzhou completed the necessary filing with the relevant Administration of Industry and Commerce to 
obtain the electronic registration mark for our websites and has placed the registration mark on the websites homepage. Tianying 
Jiuzhou has completed all necessary registrations and approvals for its use of such material domain names.

Under various laws and regulations governing ICP services, ICP services operators are required to monitor their websites. 

They may not produce, duplicate, post or disseminate any content that falls within the prohibited categories and must remove any such 
content from their websites, including any content that:

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

opposes the fundamental principles determined in the PRC’s Constitution;

compromises state security, divulges state secrets, subverts state power or damages national unity;

harms the dignity or interests of the State;

incites ethnic hatred or racial discrimination or damages inter-ethnic unity;

sabotages the PRC’s religious policy or propagates heretical teachings or feudal superstitions;

disseminates rumors, disturbs social order or disrupts social stability;

propagates obscenity, pornography, gambling, violence, murder or fear or incites the commission of crimes;

insults or slanders a third party or infringes upon the lawful rights and interests of a third party; or

includes other content prohibited by laws or administrative regulations.

The PRC government may shut down the websites of ICP License holders that violate any of the above restrictions and 

requirements, revoke their ICP Licenses or impose other penalties pursuant to applicable law.

In order to comply with these PRC laws and regulations, we have adopted internal procedures to monitor content displayed on 

our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts. However, because the definition and 
interpretation of prohibited content is in many cases vague and subjective, it is not always possible to determine or predict what 
content might be prohibited under existing restrictions or restrictions that might be imposed in the future and we may be subject to 
penalties for such content. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—
Our advertising and content distribution business, including UGC, are regulated by the relevant PRC laws and regulations and 
competent government authorities. If such business operations are considered inappropriate by the competent government 
authorities, we may be subject to penalties or we may have to interrupt or stop the operation of our PC websites, mobile applications, 
mobile websites and third-party platform accounts.”

Regulation of Online Transmission of Audio-Visual Programs

Pursuant to the Certain Decisions on the Entry of the Non-State-owned Capital into the Cultural Industry, and the Several 

Opinions on Canvassing Foreign Investment into the Cultural Sector promulgated in 2005 non-State-owned capital and foreign 
investors are not allowed to conduct the business of transmitting audio-visual programs via an information network. On March 23, 
2021, NRTA issued the revised Administrative Provisions on Audio-Visual Program Services through Private Network and Targeted 
Communication, or the 2021 A/V Provisions. Pursuant to these provisions, “audio-visual program services through private network 
and targeted communication” refer to radio and TV program and other audio-visual program services to a targeted audience with all 
types of fixed or mobile electronic equipment, such as TV, cellphone, as terminal recipients, and through setting up virtual private 
network through local area networks and Internet or with Internet and other information networks as targeted transmission channels, 
including the provision of contents, integrated broadcast control, transmission and distribution, and other activities conducted by such 
forms as Internet protocol television (IPTV), private network mobile TV, and Internet TV. Any provider who engages in aforesaid 
service must obtain a license from NRTA. Foreign-invested enterprises are not allowed to engage in the above business.

On December 20, 2007, SARFT and MII jointly promulgated the Administrative Provisions on Internet Audio-visual 
Program Service, or the Audio-visual Program Provisions, which came into effect on January 31, 2008 and was revised on August 28, 
2015. The Audio-Visual Program Provisions apply to the provision of audio-visual program services to the public via the Internet 
(including mobile network) in China. Providers of Internet audio-visual program services are required to obtain a License for Online 
Transmission of Audio-Visual Programs issued by SAPPRFT or complete certain registration procedures with SAPPRFT. Providers 
of Internet audio-visual program services are generally required to be either State-owned or State-controlled by the PRC government, 
and the business to be carried out by such providers must satisfy the overall planning and guidance catalog for Internet audio-visual 
program service determined by SAPPRFT. In a press conference jointly held by SARFT and MII to answer questions with respect to 

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the Audio-Visual Program Provisions in February 2008, SARFT and MII clarified that providers of Internet audio-visual program 
services who engaged in such services prior to the promulgation of the Audio-Visual Program Provisions are eligible to register their 
business and continue their operation of Internet audio-visual program services so long as such providers have not been in violation of 
laws and regulations.

On May 21, 2008, SARFT issued a Notice on Relevant Issues Concerning Application and Approval of Licenses for Online 

Transmission of Audio-Visual Programs, which was revised on August 28, 2015. The notice sets forth detailed provisions concerning 
the application and approval process for the License for Online Transmission of Audio-Visual Programs. The notice also states that 
providers of Internet audio-visual program services who engaged in such services prior to the promulgation of the Audio-Visual 
Program Provisions are eligible to apply for the license as long as their violation of the laws and regulations is minor and can be 
rectified in a timely manner and they have no records of violation during the three months prior to the promulgation of the Audio-
Visual Program Provisions.

On December 28, 2007, SARFT issued the Notice on Strengthening the Administration of TV Dramas and Films Transmitted 
via the Internet, or the Notice on Dramas and Films. According to this notice, if audio-visual programs published to the public through 
an information network fall under the film and drama category, the requirements of the Permit for Issuance of TV Dramas, Permit for 
Public Projection of Films, Permit for Issuance of Cartoons or academic literature movies and Permit for Public Projection of 
Academic Literature Movies and TV Plays will apply accordingly. In addition, providers of such services should obtain prior consents 
from copyright owners of all such audio-visual programs.

Further, on March 30, 2009, SARFT issued the Notice on Strengthening the Administration of the Content of Internet 

Audiovisual Programs, or the Notice on Content of A/V Programs, which reiterates the requirement of obtaining the relevant permit 
for publishing audio-visual programs to the public through an information network, and prohibits certain types of Internet audio-visual 
programs from containing violence, pornography, gambling, terrorism, superstitious or other hazardous contents.

On March 10, 2017, SAPPRFT issued the Internet Audio-visual Program Services Categories (Provisional), or the 

Provisional Categories, which classifies Internet audio-visual programs into four categories.

In addition, on November 18, 2019, the State Internet Information Office, MTC and the State Administration of Radio and 

Television jointly promulgated the Notice on Promulgation of the Administrative Provisions on Online Audio and Video Information 
Services to further strengthen the supervision and management of network audio-visual information services, pursuant to which the 
online audio and video information service providers shall establish and improve their systems in respect of user registration, 
information release review, information security management, emergency response, protection of intellectual property rights and 
mechanisms to refute rumors. 

In order to comply with these laws and regulations, Tianying Jiuzhou submitted an application to SAPPRFT for the License 
for the Online Transmission of Audio-Visual Programs. However, we have not been granted such license as to the date of this annual 
report and cannot assure you that we may be able to obtain one. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to 
Our Business and Industry—Our lack of an Internet audio-visual program transmission license has exposed, and may continue to 
expose, us to administrative sanctions, including the banning of our paid mobile video services and video advertising services, which 
would materially and adversely affect our business and results of operation.”

Regulation of Foreign Television Programs and Satellite Channels

Broadcast of foreign television programs is strictly regulated by NRTA (formerly the SAPPRFT). On August 11, 1997, the 
State Council promulgated the Administrative Regulations on Television and Radio, which was last revised on November 29, 2020, 
under which any foreign television drama or other foreign television program to be broadcast by television or radio stations is subject 
to the prior inspection and approval by SAPPRFT or its authorized entities. On June 18, 2004, SARFT promulgated the Administrative 
Measures on the Landing of Foreign Satellite Television Channels, which was revised on October 29, 2020, pursuant to which foreign 
satellite televisions channels can only be broadcast in three-star (or above) hotels for foreigners or departments exclusively for the 
residence of foreigners or other specific areas, and prior broadcasting approval for such limited landing must be obtained from 
SAPPRFT.

In addition, on September 23, 2004, SARFT promulgated the Administrative Regulations on the Introduction and 

Broadcasting of Foreign Television Programs, pursuant to which only organizations designated by SAPPRFT are qualified to apply to 
SAPPRFT or its authorized entities for introduction or broadcasting of foreign television dramas or foreign television programs. 
Approval of such application is subject to the general plan of SAPPRFT and the content of such foreign television dramas or programs 
may not in any way threaten the national security or violate any laws or regulations.

The 2004 Internet A/V Measures explicitly prohibit Internet service providers from broadcasting any foreign television or 

radio program over an information network and state that any violation may result in warnings, monetary penalties or, in severe cases, 
criminal liabilities. On November 19, 2009, SARFT issued a notice to extend the prohibition to broadcasting foreign television 
programs via mobile phones. However, pursuant to several notices issued by SARFT, such as the Notice on Dramas and Films and the 
Notice on Content of A/V Programs referenced above under “Regulation of Online Transmission of Audio-visual Programs”, foreign 

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audio-visual programs may be published to the public through the Internet, provided that such foreign audio-visual programs comply 
with the regulations on administration of radios, films and television, and that the relevant permits required by PRC laws and 
regulations, such as the Permit for Issuance of TV Dramas, Permit for Public Projection of Films, Permit for Issuance of Cartoons or 
academic literature movies and Permit for Public Projection of Academic Literature Movies and TV Plays, have been obtained for 
such foreign audio-visual programs. The promulgation of the Notice on Dramas and Films and the Notice on Content of A/V 
Programs implies that the absolute restriction against broadcasting foreign television or radio programs on the Internet as set forth in 
the 2004 Internet A/V Measures has been lifted.

On March 23, 2021, NRTA issued the 2021 A/V Provisions, which replaced 2016 A/V Provisions. The 2021 A/V Provisions 

does not explicitly regulate whether broadcasting foreign television program is permitted.

Some of the video, image and text contents on our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform 

accounts are foreign content and we currently do not have any approval from SAPPRFT for introducing and broadcasting foreign TV 
content into China and cannot assure you that we may be able to obtain such approval if required to do so. See “Item 3. Key 
Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—Failure to obtain NRTA’s approval for introducing and 
broadcasting foreign television programs could have a material adverse effect on our ability to conduct our business.”

Regulation of the Production of Radio and Television Programs

On July 19, 2004, SARFT promulgated the Regulations on the Administration of Production and Operation of Radio and 

Television Programs, or the Radio and TV Programs Regulations, which came into effect as of August 20, 2004 and was last revised 
on October 29, 2020. Under the Radio and TV Programs Regulations, any entities that engage in the production of radio and television 
programs are required to apply for a license from SAPPRFT or its provincial branches. Entities with the Permit for Production and 
Operation of Radio and TV Programs must conduct their business operations in strict compliance with the approved scope of 
production and operation. Furthermore, entities other than radio and TV stations are strictly prohibited from producing radio and TV 
programs covering contemporary political news or similar subjects and columns.

Tianying Jiuzhou has been granted a Permit for Production and Operation of Radio and TV Programs, with a permitted scope 

including the production of animations, featured shows and entertainment programs. 

Regulation of Online Cultural Activities and Internet Music

The MOC promulgated the new Provisional Measures on Administration of Internet Culture on May 10, 2003, or the Internet 

Culture Measures, which was further amended in 2011 and 2017. The latest amended Internet Culture Measures became effect on 
December 15, 2017. The Internet Culture Measures apply to entities that engage in activities related to “online cultural products”. 
“Online cultural products” are classified as cultural products produced, disseminated and circulated via the Internet that include: (i) 
online cultural products specifically produced for the Internet, such as online music entertainment, network games, network 
performance programs, online performing arts, online artworks and online animation features and cartoons; and (ii) online cultural 
products that are converted from music entertainment, games, performance programs, performing arts, artworks and animation 
features and cartoons and disseminated via the Internet. Pursuant to the Internet Culture Measures, an entity that intends to 
commercially engage in any of the following types of activities are required to obtain an Online Culture Operating Permit from the 
applicable provincial level culture administrative authority:

•

•

•

the production, duplication, import, distribution or broadcasting of online cultural products;

the publication of online cultural products on the Internet or transmission of online cultural products via an information 
network, such as the Internet and mobile networks, to a computer, fixed-line or mobile phones, television sets or gaming 
consoles for the purpose of browsing, reviewing, using or downloading such products by online users; or

exhibitions or contests related to online cultural products.

The Administration Rules of Publication of Electronic Publication Rules, or the Electronic Publication Rules, regulate the 
production, publishing and importation of electronic publication in the PRC and outline a licensing system for business operations 
involving electronic publishing. If a PRC company is contractually authorized to publish foreign electronic publications, it must obtain 
the approval of, and register the copyright license contract with, SAPPRFT.

On February 4, 2016, the SAPPRFT and the MIIT jointly issued the Administrative Measures on Network Publication 
Service, which took effect in March 2016 and replaced the Tentative Administrative Measures on Internet Publication. Pursuant to the 
Administrative Measures on Network Publication Service, Internet publishers must be approved by and obtain a Network Publication 
Service License from SAPPRFT in order to provide network publication services. 

On December 2, 2016, the MCT issued the Administrative Measures for Business Activities of Online Performances, which 

became effective on January 1, 2017. According to these measures, an operator of online performances shall apply for Online Culture 
Operating Permit with the competent provincial administrative cultural department, and the business scope indicated on the Online 

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Culture Operating Permit shall clearly include online performances. In addition, an operator of online performances shall present the 
number of its Online Culture Operating Permit in a prominent position on the homepage of its websites.

On November 20, 2006, the MCT issued Several Suggestions on the Development and Administration of the Internet Music, 

or the Suggestions, which became effective on November 20, 2006. The Suggestions, among other things, reiterate the requirement for 
Internet service providers to obtain an Online Culture Operating Permit to operate any business involving Internet music products. In 
addition, foreign investors are prohibited from operating Internet culture businesses. However, the laws and regulations on Internet 
music products are still evolving, and there have not been any provisions stipulating whether or how music videos will be regulated by 
the Suggestions.

On August 18, 2009, the MCT issued the Notice on Strengthening and Improving the Content Review of Online Music. 
According to this notice, only “Internet culture operating entities” approved by the MCT may engage in the production, release, 
dissemination (including providing direct links to music products) and importation of online music products. Online music content 
shall be reviewed by or filed with the MCT. Internet culture operating entities should establish a strict system for self-monitoring 
online music content and set up a special department in charge of such monitoring.

Tianying Jiuzhou provides Internet music products on our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party 
platform accounts. As of the date of this annual report, Tianying Jiuzhou has been granted an Online Culture Operating Permit with a 
permitted scope including the operation of online music, art and entertainment products, art products, play performance, animation 
products, organization of exhibition or race of the online cultural products and performances. Tianying Jiuzhou has renewed its 
Network Publication Service License, which will expire on December 4, 2028.

In addition, to comply with the laws and regulations on the content requirements of Internet music products, our content 

examination team reviews the content of online music products provided on our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites 
and third-party platform accounts.

Regulation of Internet News Dissemination

Pursuant to the Provisional Regulations for the Administration of Internet Websites Engaging in News Publication Services, 

promulgated by the State Council Information Office, or the SCIO, and MII, which became effective as of November 6, 2000 websites 
established by non-news organizations may publish news released by certain official news agencies but may not publish news 
generated by themselves or news sourced elsewhere. In order to disseminate news, such websites must satisfy the relevant 
requirements set forth in the applicable regulations and have acquired approval from SCIO after securing permission from the news 
office of the provincial-level government. In addition, websites intending to publish news released by the aforementioned news 
agencies must enter into agreements with the respective organizations, and file copies of such agreements with the news office of the 
provincial-level government.

On November 4, 2016, the State Internet Information Office issued the Provisions on the Administration of Online Live-
streaming Services, which became effective on December 1, 2016. According to these provisions, online live-streaming service 
providers shall obtain an Internet news license, and carry out Internet news information services within the permissible scope of the 
license; those who provide online performances, Internet video and audio programs and other online live-streaming services shall also 
obtain relevant licenses as required by laws and regulations. Online live-streaming service providers shall examine and verify the real 
identity information of online live-streaming service publishers and establish platforms for reviewing live-streaming content, exercise 
oversight over Internet news information live-streams and its interactive content following the principle of examination first and 
issuance later. In addition, online live-streaming service providers shall strengthen real-time management of live interactions and 
equip corresponding administrative staff.

On 9 February 2021, CAC and other six authorities issued the Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Standardized 

Management of Network Live Broadcasting, according to which, live streaming platforms that carry out business-oriented online 
performance activities must hold the online culture operating permit and carry out ICP filing; live streaming platforms that carry out 
network audio-visual program services must hold the audio-visual program transmission license (or complete the registration in the 
national network audio-visual platform information registration management system) and carry out ICP filing; live streaming 
platforms that carry internet news information service must hold Internet news information service license. Live streaming platforms 
shall file with local cyberspace administration office in a timely manner, and shall cancel its filing immediately after it ceases to 
provide live streaming services.

On May 2, 2017, the CAC issued the Provisions on Administration over the Internet News Information Services, which 

became effective on June 1, 2017 and replaced the Provisions for the Administration of Internet News Information Services, 
promulgated by the SCIO, and MII, which became effective as of September 25, 2005. In addition, CAC issued the Implementing 
Rules for the Administration of the Licensing for Internet News Information Services on May 22, 2017, which became effective as of 
June 1, 2017. According to these regulations, Internet news information services are divided into three categories: collecting, editing 
and releasing Internet news information service; reposting Internet news information and providing platforms to disseminate such 
news information. Anyone who intends to provide the public with news information services on the Internet via Internet websites, 

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applications, forums, blogs, micro-blogs, official accounts, instant messaging tools, network-based broadcast, etc. shall obtain an 
Internet news license, and is forbidden to carry out any activities concerning Internet news information services without the permit or 
beyond the permitted scope. Where such an applicant is an entity other than a news entity, or a party whose entity-in-charge is a news 
publicity department, the application shall first be subject to preliminary examination by the applicable cyberspace administrator at the 
provincial level, and thereafter be examined and approved by the CAC. No organization may establish the Internet news information 
service entity in the form of a Sino-foreign equity joint venture, Sino-foreign cooperative joint venture or wholly foreign-invested 
enterprise. When an Internet news information service entity cooperates with a Sino-foreign equity joint venture, Sino-foreign 
cooperative joint venture or wholly foreign-invested enterprise, such cooperation shall be submitted to the CAC for security 
assessment. In addition, an Internet news information service provider shall request its users to submit their real identification 
information in accordance with the provisions of the Cybersecurity Law, provided that it provides such users with a platform to 
disseminate news information on the Internet. Where any user refuses to provide its real identification information, the Internet news 
information service provider is not allowed to provide it with relevant services.

On March 12, 2022, the NDRC and MOFCOM jointly issued the Negative List for Market Access (2022 Edition), pursuant to 
which, market entities are prohibited from illegally conducting news media related businesses. To be specific, non-State-owned capital 
shall not: (i) be engaged in business of news gathering, editing and broadcasting; (ii) invest in the establishment and operation of news 
organizations; (iii) operate the layout, frequency, channel, column and public account of news organizations; (iv) be engaged in live 
broadcasting related to politics, economics, military, diplomatic or related to major social, cultural, scientific and technological, 
health, education, sports activities and events and other activities and events related to political discretion, direction of public opinion 
and value orientation; (v) introduce news released by foreign subjects; or (vi) hold forum, summit or award selection activities in the 
field of news and public opinion. 

In order to comply with these laws and regulations, we submitted an application to CAC for the Internet news license and we 

have been trying our best to obtain the license. However, we have not been granted such license as of the date of this annual report and 
cannot assure you that we may be able to obtain one. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our 
Business and Industry—Our lack of an Internet news license may expose us to administrative sanctions, including an order to cease 
our Internet information services or to cease the Internet access services provided by third parties to us. In 2023, the vast majority of 
our total revenues were derived from Internet information services and services that relied on Internet access services from third 
parties.”

Regulation of Publication Operation

On March 25, 2011, GAPP and MOFCOM jointly issued the Administrative Measures for the Publication Market, or the 

Publication Market Measures (2011 Version), pursuant to which any entity or individual engaging in the wholesale or retail of books, 
newspaper, magazines, electronic publications and audio and video products must obtain an approval from the relevant press and 
publication administrative authority and receive a Publication Operation Permit. An enterprise that has obtained a Publication 
Operation Permit is not required to obtain any special permission if it utilizes the Internet and other information networks to sell such 
publications, but must file with the relevant press and publication administrative authority within 15 days following its 
commencement of operations on the Internet. Foreign investors may engage in the distribution of audio and video products in China 
only in the form of contractual joint ventures between foreign and Chinese investors. Due to these measures, we engage in retail of 
books, newspaper, magazines, electronic publications and audio and video products through Tianying Jiuzhou and wholesale and 
retail of books, newspaper, magazines and electronic publications through Yifeng Lianhe. Each of Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng 
Lianhe has obtained a Publication Operation Permit.

On May 31, 2016, SAPPRFT and MOFCOM jointly promulgated the Administrative Measures for the Publication Market 
(2016 Version), or Publication Market Measures (2016 Version), which replaced the Publication Market Measures (2011 Version). 
According to the Publication Market Measures (2016 Version), entities and individuals engaged in the wholesale or retail of 
publications shall carry out the relevant activities on the strength of an operation permit for publications. Where an entity or individual 
is engaged in the distribution of publications via the Internet or other information networks, it or he/she shall obtain the operation 
permit for publications; where an entity or individual that has obtained the operation permit for publications is engaged in the 
distribution of publications via the Internet or other information networks within the approved business scope, it or he/she shall go 
through the record-filing formalities with the publication administrative department that granted approval within 15 days after 
launching the online distribution business. Pursuant to the Publication Market (2016 Version), foreign-invested enterprises are allowed 
to engage in the distribution of publications.

Regulation of Network Publication

NPPA (formerly the SAPPRFT) is the government agency regulating publishing activities in the PRC. In February 2016, the 

SAPPRFT and the MIIT jointly issued the Administrative Measures on Network Publication Service, which took effect in March 2016 
and replaced the Tentative Administration Measures on Internet Publication. The Administrative Measures on Network Publication 
Service further strengthen and expand supervision over and management of network publication services, and require Internet 
publishers to be approved by and obtain a Network Publication Service License from SAPPRFT. Pursuant to the Administrative 
Measures on Network Publication Service, “network publication services” refers to activities including providing network 

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publications to the public through information network, and “network publications” refers to digitalized works with publishing 
features such as editing, producing and processing. The Administrative Measures on Network Publication Service also detailed 
qualifications and application procedures for obtaining a Network Publication Service License.

Regulation of Short Message Services

MII issued the Notice on Certain Issues Regarding Standardizing Short Message Services on April 15, 2004, specifying that 
only those information service providers holding the relevant license can provide short message services in the PRC. Such notice also 
specifies that information service providers shall examine the contents of short messages and automatically record and keep for five 
months the time of sending and receiving the short messages, the mobile numbers or codes of the sending terminal and receiving 
terminal of the short messages.

MIIT issued the Administrative Provisions on Short Message Services for Communication on May 19, 2015, which became 

effective on June 30, 2015. According to such provisions, an entity shall obtain relevant telecommunications business license (“the 
relevant licenses”) to engage in short message service.

In order to comply with these laws and regulations, Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe have obtained the relevant licenses, 

for provision of information via mobile networks. In addition, we have certain personnel to examine and screen on contents of short 
messages and keep the relevant records as required by the law. 

Regulation of Telecommunications Networks Code Number Resources

On January 29, 2003, MII issued the Administrative Measures on Telecommunications Networks Code Number Resources, or 

the Code Number Measures, which was revised on September 23, 2014, to regulate code numbers, including those of mobile 
communications networks. According to such administrative measures, entities which apply for code numbers to be used in a trans-
provincial range shall apply to MIIT, and entities which apply for code numbers to be used within provincial-level administrative 
regions shall apply to MIIT at the provincial level. Such administrative measures also specify the qualification requirements for code 
number applicants, required application materials and the application procedures.

In June 2006, MII issued the Administrative Measures on Application, Distribution, Usage and Withdrawal of SMS Services 
Access Codes. According to such administrative measures, the administration and usage of services relating to SMS short codes shall 
comply with the Code Number Measures. Such administrative measures also specify that operators who provide services relating to 
SMS short codes across provinces or in the territory of the whole country shall file with the relevant provincial-level counterparts of 
MII.

Each of Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe has been granted the code numbers to be used in a trans-provincial range and 

has completed the filing in all of the provinces in the PRC. 

Regulation of Certain Internet Content

Internet Medicine Information

The Administration Measures on Internet Medicine Information Service issued by the State Food and Drug Administration, or 

the SFDA, and related implementing rules and notices govern the classification, application, approval, contents, qualifications and 
requirements for Internet medicine information services. An ICP service operator that provides information regarding medicine or 
medical equipment must obtain an Internet Medicine Information Service Qualification Certificate from the applicable provincial level 
counterpart of SFDA.

Certain of our advertising services contain drug-related information. As of the date of this annual report, YiFeng Lianhe has 

obtained an Internet Medicine Information Service Qualification Certificate from Beijing Municipal Medical Products Administrative. 
However, Tianying Jiuzhou does not have such qualification certificate. We cannot assure you that Tianying Jiuzhou may be able to 
obtain it. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—Failure to obtain certain 
permits for our advertising services that contain drug-related information would subject us to penalties.”

Regulation of Internet Privacy

The PRC Constitution states that PRC law protects the freedom and privacy of communications of citizens and prohibits the 
infringement of such rights. In recent years, PRC government authorities have passed regulations on Internet use to protect personal 
information from unauthorized disclosure. The Internet Measures prohibit an ICP service operator from insulting or slandering a third 
party or infringing upon the lawful rights and interests of a third party. The regulations also authorize the relevant telecommunications 
authorities to order ICP service operators to rectify unauthorized disclosures. ICP service operators are subject to legal liability if 
unauthorized disclosure results in damages or losses to users. The PRC government, however, has the power and authority to order 
ICP service operators to turn over personal information if an Internet user posts any prohibited content or engages in illegal activities 
on the Internet. Pursuant to the Information Protection Decision issued by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress 
of the PRC and the Order for the Protection of Telecommunication and Internet User Personal Information issued by MIIT on July 
16, 2013, or the Order, any collection and use of user personal information shall be subject to the consent of the user, abide by the 

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principles of legality, rationality and necessity and be within the specified purposes, methods and scope. The Information Protection 
Decision and the Order further state that Internet service providers and other enterprises and institutions must keep users’ personal 
information that is gathered in the course of their business activities confidential and are further prohibited from divulging, tampering 
or destroying of any such information, or selling or providing such information to other parties. Any violations of the Information 
Protection Decision or the Order may subject such companies to penalties such as warnings, fines, confiscation of its unlawful 
income, revocation of licenses, cancellation of filings, shutdown of their websites or even criminal liabilities.

On May 28, 2020, the National People’s Congress approved the Civil Code of the PRC, or the Civil Code, which came into 

effect on January 1, 2021. Pursuant to the Civil Code, the personal information of a natural person shall be protected by the law. Any 
organization or individual that needs to obtain personal information of others shall obtain such information legally and ensure the 
safety of such information, and shall not illegally collect, use, process or transmit personal information of others, or illegally purchase 
or sell, provide or make public personal information of others.

The Personal Information Protection Law (the “PIPL”) was released by the National People’s Congress Standing Committee 
on August 20, 2021 and became effective on November 1, 2021. The PIPL stipulates the scope of personal information and the ways 
of processing personal information, establishes rules for processing personal information and for transferring personal information 
offshore, and clarifies the individual’s rights and the processor’s obligations in the process of personal information. The PIPL 
specifically provides rules for processing sensitive personal information. Sensitive personal information refers to personal information 
that, once leaked or illegally used, could easily lead to the infringement of human dignity or harm to the personal or property safety of 
an individual, including biometric recognition, religious belief, specific identity, medical and health, financial account, personal 
whereabouts and other information of an individual, as well as any personal information of a minor under the age of 14. Only where 
there is a specific purpose and sufficient necessity, and under circumstances where strict protection measures are taken, may personal 
information processors process sensitive personal information. A personal information processor shall inform the individual of the 
necessity of processing such sensitive personal information and the impact thereof on the individual’s rights and interests.

On October 16, 2023, the State Council promulgated the Regulation on the Protection of Minors in Cyberspace, which 

became effective on January 1, 2024. Pursuant to the Regulation on the Protection of Minors in Cyberspace, network product and 
service providers should establish a sound mechanism for early warning, identification and monitoring, and handling of cyberbullying 
acts. Besides, more efforts should be made to protect the privacy information of minors. Personal information processors should 
strictly limit the access to minors' personal information, and conduct personal information compliance audit.

Our platforms are open to Internet users for uploading text and images. As a result, content posted by our users may expose us 

to allegations by third parties of invasion of privacy. Though our users agree not to use our services in a way that is illegal, given the 
volume of content uploaded, it is not possible to identify and remove all potentially infringing content uploaded by our users and we 
may therefore be subject to litigations or claims in connection with invasion of user privacy.

Regulation of Advertising Business

The State Administration for Market Regulation, or SAMR, is the government agency responsible for regulating advertising 

activities in the PRC.

According to PRC Advertisement Law and relevant rules and regulations, companies that engage in advertising activities must 

obtain from SAMR or its local branches a business license which specifically includes advertising within its business scope. PRC 
advertising laws and regulations set forth certain content requirements for advertisements in the PRC including, among other things, 
prohibitions on false or misleading content, superlative wording, socially destabilizing content or content involving obscenities, 
superstition, violence, discrimination or infringement of the public interest. Advertisers, advertising agencies, and advertising 
distributors are required to ensure that the content of the advertisements they prepare or distribute is true and in full compliance with 
applicable law. In providing advertising services, advertising operators and advertising distributors must review the supporting 
documents provided by advertisers for their advertisements and verify that the content of the advertisements complies with applicable 
PRC laws and regulations. Prior to distributing advertisements that are subject to government censorship and approval, advertising 
distributors are obligated to verify that such censorship has been performed and approval has been obtained. The release or delivery of 
advertisements through the Internet shall not impair the normal use of the users. Advertisements released in pop-up forms on a 
webpage and other forms shall indicate the close flag in prominent manner and ensure one-key close. Violation of these regulations 
may result in penalties, including fines, confiscation of advertising income, orders to cease dissemination of the advertisements and 
orders to eliminate the effect of illegal advertisement. In circumstances involving serious violations, SAIC or its local branches may 
revoke violators’ business licenses.

On July 4, 2016, SAIC issued the Interim Measures for the Administration of Internet Advertising to regulate Internet 

advertising activities, which became effect on September 1, 2016. According to these measures, no advertisement of any medical 
treatment, medicines, foods for special medical purpose, medical apparatuses, pesticides, veterinary medicines, dietary supplement or 
other special commodities or services which are subject to examination by an advertising examination authority as stipulated by laws 
and regulations shall be published unless it has passed such examination. In addition, no entity or individual may publish any 
advertisement of prescription drugs or tobacco by means of the Internet. An Internet advertisement shall be identifiable and clearly 

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identified as an “advertisement” so that consumers will know that it is an advertisement. Paid search advertisements shall be clearly 
distinguished from natural search results. In addition, the following violations shall be forbidden in Internet advertising activities: 
providing or using any application programs or hardware to intercept, filter, cover, fast forward or otherwise restrict any authorized 
advertisement of other persons; using network pathways, network equipment or applications to disrupt the normal data transmission of 
advertisements, alter or block authorized advertisements of other persons or load advertisements without authorization; or using false 
statistical data, transmission effect or Internet medium prices to induce incorrect quotations, seek undue interests or damage the 
interests of other persons. Internet advertisement publishers shall verify related supporting documents, check the contents of the 
advertisement and be prohibited from publishing any advertisement with nonconforming contents or without all the necessary 
certification documents. Internet information service providers that are not involved in Internet advertising business activities but 
simply provide information services shall stop any attempt to publish an advertisement through their information services when they 
know, or should reasonably know, that such advertisement is illegal. On March 24, 2023, the SAMR promulgated the Measures for 
Internet Advertising Management, which became effective on May 1, 2023, to replace the Interim Measures for the Administration of 
Internet Advertising. The new measures (i) add the provisions on such activities as open-screen advertisements and advertisements 
sent to intelligent home appliances etc.; (ii) detail the rules on advertising management in some key areas, such as internet advertising 
with links, advertising paid for ranking, advertising published via algorithmic recommendation, and advertising published via online 
live streaming; (iii) specify that internet platform operators providing information services shall fulfill obligations of internet 
information service providers such as recording and keeping relevant information, actively discovering and deleting illegal 
advertisements, establishing a complaint handling mechanism, and cooperating with market regulatory authorities to monitor 
advertisements and investigate illegal activities in internet advertisements.

On December 24, 2019, SAMR issued the Interim Measures for the Censorship of Advertisements on Drugs, Medical 

Devices, Dietary Supplements and Formula Foods for Special Medical Purpose, which came into effect on March 1, 2020. The 
Interim Measures respectively regulated the content of advertisement on drugs, medical devices, dietary supplements and formula 
foods for special medical purpose, and reiterated the advertisements on aforementioned special products shall be true and legal 
without any false or misleading information. In addition, the Interim Measures stipulated the SAMR is responsible for organizing and 
guiding the censorship of the advertisement on drugs and other aforementioned special products, no advertisement on drugs or other 
aforementioned special products may be allowed to be published without undergoing censorship.

In October 2022, SAMR, together with six other government authorities, published the Guiding Opinions on Further 
Regulating Celebrities’ Endorsements in Advertising, which requires that the operators of advertising release carriers such as internet 
shall strictly conduct internal review, properly prepare and keep advertising release archives in accordance with law, establish and 
improve the internal review system for advertising release, intensify the review of the content of advertisements endorsed by 
celebrities, resolutely correct bad advertising information which (i) violates the correct direction, (ii) creates hype by taking advantage 
of sensitive topics, or (iii) is vulgar and kitsch, and timely stop the release of advertisements endorsed by illegal or immoral 
celebrities. Otherwise, the internet information service providers, as a part of the whole chain of endorsement activities, shall assume 
the related legal liabilities for the illegal endorsement activities.

Pursuant to the PRC Anti-Unfair Competition Law promulgated by the Standing Committee of the National People’s 
Congress on September 2, 1993 and amended on November 4, 2017 and April 23, 2019, respectively, a business operator that engage 
in production and business activities by taking advantage of the network shall abide all the provisions under Anti-unfair Competition 
Law, and shall not engage in any false or misleading publicity for its products. Violation of these provisions may subject the relevant 
business operators to various penalties, including an order from the competent governmental authorities to cease its illegal acts and 
impose a fine, or in case of a severe violation, revocation of business licenses.

Violation of these regulations may result in penalties, including fines, confiscation of advertising income, orders to cease 
dissemination of the advertisements and orders to eliminate the effect of illegal advertisement. In circumstances involving serious 
violations, SAIC or its local branches may revoke violators’ licenses or permits for their advertising business operations.

In order to comply with these laws and regulations, our advertising contracts require that all advertising agencies or 
advertisers that contract with us must examine the advertising content provided to us to ensure that such content are truthful, accurate 
and in full compliance with PRC laws and regulations. In addition, we have established a task force to review all advertising materials 
to ensure the content does not violate relevant laws and regulations before displaying such advertisements, and we also request 
relevant advertiser to provide proof of governmental approval if an advertisement is subject to special government review.

Regulation of Anti-Monopoly

On August 30, 2007, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress of the PRC adopted the PRC Anti-Monopoly 

Law (“AML”), which took effect on August 1, 2008. Pursuant to the AML, monopolistic conduct, including entering into 
monopolistic agreements, abuses of dominant market position, and concentrations of undertakings that have the effect of eliminating 
or restricting competition, is prohibited. To further implement the AML and clarify certain issues, the State Council, the MOFCOM, 
the NDRC, and the SAMR issued several regulations and rules, including, among others, the Provisions on Thresholds for Prior 
Notification of Concentrations of Undertakings issued by the State Council on August 3, 2008 and amended on September 18, 

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2018 and January 22, 2024, and the Guiding Opinions for Declaration of Concentrations of Undertakings issued by the MOFCOM on 
January 5, 2009, amended on June 6, 2014, and re-issued by the SAMR on September 29, 2018. 

On June 24, 2022, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress issued the PRC AML (Revised 2022), which 
took effective on August 1, 2022. The revised version (i) makes changes to the merger review process by enabling SAMR to review 
non-threshold transactions and introducing the stop-clock system, (ii) changes the rules on anticompetitive agreements by abandoning 
per se treatment for resale price maintenance, introducing a “safe harbor” for vertical monopoly agreement and providing undertakings 
“may not organize other undertakings to reach a monopoly agreement or provide substantial assistance for other undertakings to reach 
a monopoly agreement,” (iii) increases in fines imposed on different parties and creates new fines; and (iv) further targets the digital 
economy by adding language, which prevents undertakings from “using data and algorithms, technologies, capital advantages, 
platform rules, etc. to engage in monopolistic behavior prohibited by this Law.” Since the revised version was recently promulgated, 
there exists uncertainties with respect to its interpretation and implementation.

On March 24, 2023, the SAMR issued the Provisions on the Prohibitions of Monopoly Agreements, the Provisions on the 

Prohibitions of Acts of Abuse of Dominant Market Positions and the Provisions on Review of Concentration of Undertakings, all of 
which took effect on April 15, 2023. The provisions detail the relevant rules set forth in the PRC AML (Revised 2022) and further 
elaborate on the factors to be taken into consideration when assessing monopoly agreements, acts of abusing market dominance and 
concentration of undertakings. For example, (i) the Provisions on Prohibitions of Monopoly Agreements clarify the subject scope of 
“undertakings with a competitive relationship” in horizontal monopoly agreements; and (ii) the Provisions on Review of 
Concentration of Undertakings specify the factors such as “control right” and “implementation of concentration” in the review of the 
concentration of undertakings.

On February 7, 2021, the Anti-monopoly Commission of the State Council promulgated the Guidelines to Anti-Monopoly in 

the Field of Internet Platforms, or the Anti-Monopoly Guidelines, which took effect on the same date and will operate as a compliance 
guidance for platform economy operators under the existing PRC anti-monopoly laws and regulations. The Anti-Monopoly Guidelines 
mainly covers five aspects, including general provisions, monopoly agreements, abusing market dominance, concentration of 
undertakings, and abusing of administrative powers eliminating or restricting competition.

Regulation of Information Security and Censorship

Applicable PRC laws and regulations specifically prohibit the use of Internet infrastructure where it may breach public 

security, distribute content harmful to the stability of society or disclose state secrets. It is mandatory for Internet companies in the 
PRC to complete security filing procedures and regularly update information security and censorship systems for their websites with 
the local public security bureau. In addition, the newly amended Law on Preservation of State Secrets, which became effective on 
October 1, 2010, provides that whenever an Internet service provider detects any leakage of state secrets in the distribution of online 
information, it should stop the distribution of such information and report such violation to the state security and public security 
authorities. Upon request of state security, public security or state secrecy authorities, the Internet service provider must delete any 
contents on its websites that may lead to disclosure of state secrets. Failure to do so on a timely and adequate manner may subject the 
Internet service provider to liability and certain penalties enforced by the State Security Bureau, the Ministry of Public Security and/or 
MIIT or their respective local counterparts.

On June 28, 2016, the State Internet Information Office issued the Administrative Provisions on Mobile Internet Applications 

Information Services, which became effect on August 1, 2016, to further strengthen administration over mobile Internet applications 
information services. Pursuant to these provisions, owners or operators of mobile Internet applications that provide information 
services shall fulfill their information security management responsibilities strictly and perform their obligations listed as below:

•

•

•

•

•

certify the identification information of registered users including their mobile telephone number based information under 
the principle of a real name backstage, and a freely-chosen name on stage;

establish and perfect the mechanism for protecting users’ information, and follow the principle of legality, rightfulness 
and necessity, indicate expressly the purpose, method and scope of collection and use and obtain the consents of users 
while collecting and using users’ personal information;

establish and perfect the mechanism for verifying and managing information contents, and in terms of any information 
content released that violates laws or regulations, take such measures as warning, restricting functions, suspending updates 
and closing accounts as the case may be, keep relevant records and report the same to relevant competent departments;

safeguard users’ right to know and to make choices when users are installing or using such applications, and refrain from 
starting such functions as collecting the information of users’ location, accessing users’ contacts, turning on users’ camera 
and recording sound, or any other function irrelevant to the services, nor forcefully install any other irrelevant application, 
for so long as users are not notified of the same clearly and do not give their consent;

respect and protect intellectual property and refrain from producing or releasing any application that infringes others’ 
intellectual property; and

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•

record the users’ log information and keep the same for 60 days.

On 14 June 2022, the CAC issued a revised version of the Administrative Provisions on Mobile Internet Application 
Information Services (the “APP Provisions”), which basically reflects the regulatory development since 2016 and further emphasizes 
that mobile internet app providers shall comply with the relevant provisions on the scope of necessary personal information when 
engaging in personal information processing activities. According to the APP Provisions, mobile internet app providers shall not 
compel users to agree to non-essential personal information collection out of any reason and are prohibited from banning users from 
their basic functional services due to the users’ refusal of providing non-essential personal information.

On November 7, 2016, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress promulgated the Cybersecurity Law to 

preserve cyberspace security and order. Pursuant to Cybersecurity Law, network operators shall strictly keep confidential users’ 
personal information that they have collected, and establish and improve systems to protect users’ information. To collect and use 
personal information, network operators shall follow the principles of legitimacy, rightfulness and necessity, disclose their rules of 
data collection and use, clearly express the purposes, means and scope of collecting and using information, and obtain the consent of 
persons whose data is gathered. Network operators shall not gather personal information unrelated to the services they provide. 
Network operators shall not divulge, distort or damage the personal information they have collected, and shall not provide the personal 
information to others without the consent of the persons whose data is collected, except under circumstance where the information has 
been processed and cannot be recovered and thus it is impossible to match such information with specific persons. In addition, 
network operators shall perform the following security obligations according to the requirements of the classified protection system 
for cybersecurity to ensure that the network is free from interference, damage or unauthorized access, and prevent network data from 
being divulged, stolen or falsified:

•

•

•

•

formulate internal security management systems and operating instructions, determine the persons responsible for 
cybersecurity, and fulfill the responsibilities of cybersecurity protection;

take technological measures to prevent computer viruses, network attacks, network intrusions and other actions 
endangering cybersecurity;

take technological measures to monitor and record the network operation status and cybersecurity incidents, and preserve 
relevant web logs for no less than six months according to the provisions; and

take measures such as data classification, as well as back-up and encryption of important data.

Violation of these laws and provisions may result in penalties, including fines, confiscation of illegal income. In 
circumstances involving serious violations, the competent telecommunication department, public security departments and other 
relevant authorities may order the network operators to suspend relevant business, stop the business for rectification or close down the 
websites, or revoke violators’ licenses or permits for their business operations.

On September 12, 2022, the CAC, issued the Decision on Amending the PRC Cybersecurity Law (Draft for Comments), 

focusing on the following four aspects: (i) to improve the legal liability system for violating the general provisions on the security of 
cyber operation; (ii) to amend the legal liability system for the security protection of critical information infrastructure; (iii) to adjust 
the legal liability system for network information security; and (iv) to amend the legal liability system for the protection of personal 
information. As of the date of this annual report, the PRC Cybersecurity Law (Draft for Comments) has not been formally adopted.

On August 25, 2017, the CAC promulgated the Administrative Provisions on Internet Follow-up Comment Services, which 

became effective on October 1, 2017 and were re-issued on December 15, 2022, pursuant to which Internet follow-up comment 
services refers to the services of publishing transcripts, symbols, expressions, pictures, audio and video and other information offered 
by Internet websites, applications and other platforms with public opinion attribute or social mobilization capability by way of 
comment, reply, message, bullet screen and using other means. The Internet follow-up comment service providers shall strictly 
assume the primary responsibilities and discharge the obligations according to the law, including, among other things:

•

•

•

•

verify the real identity information of registered users following the principle of using real name at background and 
volunteering to do so at foreground and forbid the provision of Internet follow-up comment services for users whose real 
identity information is not verified or who fraudulently use the identity information of organisations or others;

establish and improve a user information protection system;

establish a system of reviewing at first and then publishing comments if the service providers offer Internet follow-up 
comment services to news information;

establish and improve an Internet follow-up comment review and administration, real-time check, emergency response 
and other information security administration systems, timely identify and process illegal and negative information and 
submit a report to the relevant competent authorities;

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•

•

develop Internet follow-up comment information protection and administration technologies, timely identify security 
flaws and loopholes and other risks existing in Internet follow-up comment services, take remedial measures and submit a 
report to the relevant competent authorities; and

build a reviewing and editing team in line with service scale and improve the professionalism of editors.

In addition, on August 25, 2017, the CAC promulgated the Administrative Provisions on Internet Forum and Community 
Services, which became effective on October 1, 2017, pursuant to which the Internet forum and community service providers shall 
assume the primary responsibility for establishing and improving the information check and verification, public information real-time 
check, emergency response and personal information protection and other information security administration systems, institute safe 
and controllable preventative measures, employ professionals in line with their service scale, and provide necessary technical support 
for the relevant departments in performing duties according to the law. The Internet forum and community service providers shall not 
use Internet forum and community services to publish or disseminate information banned by laws, regulations and the relevant 
provisions of the state. Where the Internet forum and community service providers identify any aforementioned information, they 
shall cease the transmission of such information forthwith, take deletion and other handling measures, retain the relevant records and 
timely submit a report to the CAC or its local counterparts.

On November 28, 2019, the Secretary Bureau of the CAC, the General Office of the MIIT, the General Office of the Ministry 

of Public Security and the General Office of the SAMR promulgated the Identification Method of Illegal Collection and Use of 
Personal Information Through App, which provides guidance for the regulatory authorities to identify the illegal collection and use of 
personal information through mobile apps, and for the app operators to conduct self-examination and self-correction and for other 
participants to voluntarily monitor compliance.

On April 13, 2020, the CAC, NDRC and several other administrations jointly promulgated the Measures for Cybersecurity 

Censorship, or the Censorship Measures, which became effective on June 1, 2020. The Censorship Measures establish the basic 
framework for national security reviews of network products and services, and provide the principle provisions for undertaking 
cybersecurity reviews. Pursuant to the Censorship Measures, any purchase of network products and services by critical information 
infrastructure operators, which affects or may affect state security, shall be subject to cybersecurity censorship fields. 

On July 22, 2020, MIIT issued the Notice on Carrying out Special Rectification Actions in Depth against the Infringement 

upon Users' Rights and Interests by Apps, the tasks of which includes rectification of (i) illegally processing personal information of 
users by the APP and the SDK; (ii) setting up obstacles and frequently harassing users; (iii) cheating and misleading users; (iv) 
inadequate implementation of application distribution platforms’ responsibilities. 

On January 22, 2021, the CAC released the Administrative Provisions on the Information Services Provided Through Official 

Accounts of Internet Users, or the Administrative Provisions, which became effective on February 22, 2021. The Administrative 
Provisions aim to regulate the activities providing and using Internet official accounts to engage in Information publishing services 
within the territory of the PRC. 

On June 10, 2021, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee released the PRC Data Security Law, which became 

effective on September 1, 2021. The PRC Data Security Law stipulates the measures to support and promote data security and 
development, to establish and optimize the national data security management system, and to clarify organizations’ and individuals’ 
responsibilities in data security. According to the PRC Data Security Law, data processing activities shall be carried out in accordance 
with PRC laws and regulations, establishing and improving the data security management system of the whole process, organizing and 
carrying out data security education and training, and taking corresponding technical measures and other necessary measures to 
guarantee data security. Where data processing activities are carried out through the Internet and other information networks, the 
above-mentioned data security protection obligations shall be fulfilled on the basis of the hierarchical network security protection 
system. In carrying out data processing activities, risk monitoring shall be strengthened, and remedial measures shall be taken 
immediately when data security defects, loopholes and other risks are found. In the event of a data security incident, the processors of 
data shall take immediate measures to deal with it, inform the user in time and report to the competent authorities in accordance with 
relevant provisions. The processors of important data shall, in accordance with relevant provisions, carry out regular risk assessments 
of their data processing activities and submit risk assessment reports to the competent authorities. The PRC Data Security Law 
provides a national data security review system, under which data processing activities that affect or may affect national security shall 
be reviewed. Any organization or individual carrying out data processing activities that violates the PRC Data Security Law shall bear 
the corresponding civil, administrative or criminal liability depending on the specific circumstances. 

On December 28, 2021, the CAC, NDRC, MIIT and other ten PRC regulatory authorities jointly issued the Cybersecurity 

Review Measures, effective on February 15, 2022. The Cybersecurity Review Measures require that, (i) any procurement of network 
products and services by critical information infrastructure operators, which affects or may affect national security, (ii) any data 
processing activities by network platform operators, which affects or may affect national security, or (iii) any network platform 
operators, which has personal information of more than one million users and is going to be listed abroad, shall be subject to 
cybersecurity review. Since the measures were recently promulgated, there exists uncertainties with respect to their interpretation and 
implementation.

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On July 30, 2021, the State Council issued the Regulations for the Security Protection of Critical Information Infrastructure 

(the “CII Regulations”), which came into effect on 1 September 2021. Pursuant to the CII Regulations, “critical information 
infrastructures” refers to important network facilities and information systems of important industries and sectors such as public 
communications and information services, energy, transport, water conservation, finance, public services, e-government, and science 
and technology industry for national defense, as well as other important network facilities and information systems that may seriously 
endanger national security, national economy and citizen’s livelihood and public interests if they are damaged or suffer from 
malfunctions, or if any leakage of data in relation thereto occurs. Competent authorities as well as the supervision and administrative 
authorities of the above-mentioned important industries and sectors are responsible for the security protection of critical information 
infrastructures (the “Protection Authorities”). The Protection Authorities will establish the rules for the identification of critical 
information infrastructures based on the particular situations of the industry and report such rules to the public security department of 
the State Council for record. The following factors must be considered when establishing identification rules: (i) the importance of 
network facilities and information systems to the core businesses of the industry and the sector; (ii) the harm that may be brought by 
the damage, malfunction or data leakage of, the network facilities and information systems; and (iii) the associated impact on other 
industries and sectors. The Protection Authorities are responsible for organizing the identification of critical information 
infrastructures in their own industries and sectors in accordance with the identification rules, promptly notifying the operators of the 
identification results and reporting to the public security department of the State Council.

On July 7, 2022, the CAC promulgated the Measures for the Security Assessment of Data Cross-border Transfer, which took 

effect on September 1, 2022. The Measures for the Security Assessment of Data Cross-border Transfer requires the data processor 
providing data overseas and falling under any of the following circumstances to apply for the security assessment of cross-border data 
transfer by the national cybersecurity authority through its local counterpart: (i) where the data processor intends to provide important 
data overseas; (ii) where the critical information infrastructure operator and any data processor who has processed personal 
information of more than 1,000,000 individuals intend to provide personal information overseas; (iii) where any data processor who 
has provided personal information of 100,000 individuals or sensitive personal information of 10,000 individuals to overseas 
recipients accumulatively since January 1 of the last year intends to provide personal information overseas; and (iv) other 
circumstances where the security assessment of data cross-border transfer is required as prescribed by the CAC. Furthermore, the data 
processor shall conduct a self-assessment on the risk of data cross-border transfer prior to applying for the foregoing security 
assessment, under which the data processor shall focus on certain factors including, among others, the legitimacy, fairness and 
necessity of the purpose, scope and method of data cross-border transfer and the data processing of overseas recipients, the risks that 
the cross-border data transfer may bring to national security, public interests and the legitimate rights and interests of individuals or 
organizations as well as whether the cross-border data transfer related contracts or the other legally binding documents to be entered 
with overseas recipients have fully included the data security protection responsibilities and obligations. On August 31, 2022, the 
CAC, issued the Guidelines for Declaring Data Cross-border Security Assessment (First Edition), which further clarifies the scope of 
application, declaration methods and processes of data cross-border security assessment. On February 24, 2023, the CAC promulgated 
the Measures for Standard Contracts for Cross-border Transfers of Personal Information, together with a template of such standard 
contract as an annex to the Measures, which took effect on June 1, 2023. Pursuant to the Measures, a personal information processor 
may enter into the Standard Contract and provide it along with the personal information protection impact assessment report to 
relevant governmental authorities for filing to ensure the legality of a cross-border transfer of personal information outside the 
territory of PRC if the following conditions are satisfied: the personal information processor (i) is not a critical information 
infrastructure operator; (ii) processes personal information of less than one million individuals; (iii) has provided personal information 
of less than 100,000 individuals overseas in aggregate since January 1 of the preceding year; and (iv) has provided sensitive personal 
information of less than 10,000 individuals overseas in aggregate since January 1 of the preceding year. For the outbound transfer of 
personal information that has already happened before the Measures takes effect, if it is found that any such transfer is not in 
compliance with the Measures, rectification shall be completed within six months upon the effective date of the Measures. Failure to 
complete such rectification within the prescribed period may result in penalties imposed by the competent governmental 
authorities. On March 22, 2024, the CAC promulgated the Provisions on Promoting and Regulating Cross-border Data Flows, 
which further clarify the implementation rules of existing systems to facilitate the cross-border flow of data, including, among others, 
relaxing the conditions for the cross-border transfer of data and narrowing the scope of security assessment on the cross-border 
transfer of data.

To comply with these laws and regulations, we have completed the mandatory security filing procedures with the local public 
security authorities, and regularly updated the information security and content-filtering systems with newly issued content restrictions 
as required by the relevant laws and regulations. In addition, we have obtained the consents from the users to collect and use their 
personal information as required by the relevant laws and regulations in all material respect. However, not all of our users have 
registered their real names by using valid identity documents, we may be ordered to effect rectification by the relevant competent 
authorities; where we fail to effect rectification or if the circumstances are serious, a fine of no less than RMB50,000 but no more than 
RMB500,000 may be imposed, and the relevant competent authorities may order us to suspend operation, stop doing business for 
internal rectification, close down the website, or may revoke relevant business permits or business licenses; and a fine of no less than 
RMB10,000 but no more than RMB100,000 may be imposed on the persons directly in charge and other directly responsible persons.

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Since some of these laws and regulations were recently promulgated, there exists uncertainties with respect to their 

interpretation and implementation, our failure to comply with such laws and regulations could result in proceedings against us by 
competent authorities or others. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—We 
are subject to a variety of laws and other obligations regarding cybersecurity, data security and personal information protection in 
China, and our failure to comply with any of them could result in proceedings against us by governmental entities or others and harm 
our public image and reputation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial 
condition.”

Regulation of Internet Copyrights

In order to address copyright issues relating to the Internet, in December 2020, the PRC Supreme People’s Court adopted the 
Provisions on Certain Issues Concerning the Applicable Laws in the Trial of Civil Cases Involving Disputes over Infringement of the 
Right of Dissemination through Information Networks, or the Provisions, which provides that the courts will require ICP service 
providers to remove not only links or content that have been specifically mentioned in the notices of infringement from right holders, 
but also links or content they “should have known” to contain infringing content. The Provisions further provide that where an ICP 
service provider has directly obtained economic benefits from any content made available by an Internet user, it has a higher duty of 
care with respect to Internet users’ infringement of third-party copyrights. 

The Standing Committee of National People’s Congress issued the Copyright Law of the PRC, or the Copyright Law, in 1990 

and amended it in 2001, 2010 and 2020, respectively. The latest amended Copyright Law became effect on June 1, 2021, pursuant to 
which, relevant provisions on copyright protection in cyberspace have been further improved, the description of “cinematographic 
works or works created using methods similar to film making” are revised as “audio-visual works”. According to the Copyright Law, 
an infringer may be subject to various consequences, which include stopping the infringement, eliminating the damages, apologizing 
to the copyright owners and compensating the loss of copyright owners, etc. Besides, the Copyright Law further provides that the 
infringer shall make compensation the on the basis of the actual loss suffered by the copyright owner or the illegal income received by 
the infringer, where the owner’s actual loss or the infringer’s illegal income is difficult to determine, the compensation shall be 
referred to the royalties. For deliberate infringement upon copyright and related rights, which constituted severe nature, compensation 
may be paid ranging from one time to five times the amount determined by the aforesaid methods. Where the owner’s actual loss, the 
infringer’s illegal or the royalties is difficult to determine, the people’s court shall, on the basis of the seriousness of the infringement, 
decide the amount of compensation, which consists of the reasonable expenses paid by the copyright owner for right protection 
ranging from RMB500 to RMB500,000.

Under the applicable laws and regulations, where a copyright holder finds that any content communicated through the Internet 

infringes upon its copyright and sends a notice to the ICP service operator, the ICP service operator shall immediately take measures 
to remove the relevant content. Such ICP service operator is also required to retain all infringement notices for six months and to 
record the content, display time and IP addresses and the domain names related to the infringement for 60 days. Where an ICP service 
operator removes relevant content of an Internet content provider according to the notice of a copyright holder, the Internet content 
provider may deliver a counter-notice to both the ICP service operator and the copyright holder, stating that the removed contents do 
not infringe upon the copyright of other parties. After the delivery of such counter-notice, the ICP service operator may immediately 
reinstate the removed contents and shall not bear administrative legal liability for such reinstatement. Where an ICP service operator is 
clearly aware of the infringement by an Internet content provider of another’s copyright through the Internet, or, although not being 
aware of such activity, fails to take measures to remove relevant contents upon receipt of the copyright owner’s notice, and as a result, 
damages public interests, the ICP service operator could be subject to an order to stop the tortious act and other administrative 
penalties such as confiscation of illegal income and fines. Where there is no evidence to indicate that an ICP service operator is clearly 
aware of the facts of tort, or the ICP service operator has taken measures to remove relevant contents upon receipt of the copyright 
owner’s notice, the ICP service provider shall not bear the relevant administrative legal liabilities.

Our content licensors and users have entered into agreements with us, in which they make an undertaking not to provide or 
upload any contents that may have infringed on the copyright of any third parties. However, we cannot ensure you that our content 
licensors or users who upload contents to our PC websites, mobile applications and mobile websites will not infringe on the copyright 
of any third parties and we could delete any infringed contents in a time manner or at all. We may be consequently subject to 
copyright infringement claims arising thereof. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and 
Industry—We have been and expect we will continue to be exposed to intellectual property infringement and other claims, including 
claims based on content posted on our PC websites, mobile applications, mobile websites and third-party platform accounts, which 
could be time-consuming and costly to defend and may result in substantial damage awards and/or court orders that may prevent us 
from continuing to provide certain of our existing services.”

Regulation of Employment

The Labor Law of the PRC, effective on 1 January 1995 and subsequently amended on 27 August 2009 and 29 December 

2018, the Employment Contract Law of the PRC, effective on 1 January 2008 and subsequently amended on 28 December 2012 and 
the Implementing Regulations of the Labor Contract Law of the PRC, effective on 18 September 2008, provide requirements 
concerning employment contracts between an employer and its employees. If an employer fails to enter into a written employment 

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contract with an employee within one year from the date, on which the employment relationship is established, the employer must 
rectify the situation by entering into a written employment contract with the employee and pay the employee twice the employee’s 
salary for the period from the day following the lapse of one month from the date of establishment of the employment relationship to 
the day prior to the execution of the written employment contract. The Labor Contract Law of the PRC and its implementation rules 
also require compensation to be paid upon certain terminations, which significantly affects the cost of reducing workforce for 
employers. In addition, if an employer intends to enforce a non-compete provision in an employment contract or non-competition 
agreement with an employee, it has to compensate the employee on a monthly basis during the term of the restriction period after the 
termination or expiry of the labor contract. Employers in most cases are also required to provide severance payment to their 
employees after their employment relationships are terminated.

Enterprises in China are required by PRC laws and regulations to participate in certain employee benefit plans, including 
social insurance funds, namely a pension plan, a medical insurance plan, an unemployment insurance plan, a work-related injury 
insurance plan and a maternity insurance plan, and a housing provident fund, and contribute to the plans or funds in amounts equal to 
certain percentages of salaries, including bonuses and allowances, of the employees as specified by the local government from time to 
time at locations where they operate their businesses or where they are located. According to the Social Insurance Law, an employer 
that fails to make social insurance contributions may be ordered to pay the required contributions within a stipulated deadline and be 
subject to a late fee. If the employer still fails to rectify the failure to make social insurance contributions within the stipulated 
deadline, it may be subject to a fine ranging from one to three times the amount overdue. According to the Regulations on 
Management of Housing Fund, an enterprise that fails to make housing fund contributions may be ordered to rectify the 
noncompliance and pay the required contributions within a stipulated deadline; otherwise, an application may be made to a local court 
for compulsory enforcement.

Regulation of Foreign Exchange Administration

Under the Foreign Exchange Administration Rules, Renminbi is convertible for current account items, including the 
distribution of dividends, interest payments, trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions. As for capital account items, such 
as direct investments, loans, security investments and the repatriation of investment returns, however, the conversion of foreign 
currency is still subject to the approval of, or registration with, SAFE or its competent local branches. SAFE approval is not necessary 
for the conversion of Renminbi for foreign currency payments for current account items except as otherwise explicitly provided by 
laws and regulations. Under the Administration Rules of the Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange, enterprises may only 
buy, sell or remit foreign currencies at banks that are authorized to conduct foreign exchange business after the enterprise provides 
valid commercial documents and relevant supporting documents and, in the case of certain capital account transactions, after obtaining 
approval from SAFE or its competent local branches. If we provide loans to any of our PRC subsidiaries, the total amount of such 
loans may not exceed the difference between its total investment as approved by the foreign investment authorities and its registered 
capital at the time of the provision of such loans. Such loans need to be registered with the SAFE, which usually takes no more than 
20 working days to complete. The cost of completing such registration is minimal. Capital investments by enterprises outside of the 
PRC are subject to further limitations, which include approvals by MOFCOM, SAFE and NDRC, or their respective competent local 
branches.

On August 29, 2008, SAFE issued the Circular on the Relevant Operating Issues Concerning the Improvement of the 

Administration of the Payment and Settlement of Foreign Currency Capital of Foreign-Invested Enterprises, or SAFE Circular 142. 
Pursuant to SAFE Circular 142, Renminbi capital obtained from settlement of the foreign currency capital of a foreign-invested 
enterprise must be used within the business scope as approved by the applicable government authority and unless otherwise 
specifically provided by law, such Renminbi capital cannot be used for domestic equity investments. In addition, SAFE strengthened 
its oversight of the flow and use of the Renminbi capital converted from foreign currency registered capital of a foreign-invested 
company. As a result, the use of such Renminbi capital may not be altered without the SAFE’s approval, and such Renminbi capital 
may not be used to repay Renminbi loans if the relevant loan proceeds have not been used. As to the latest development, on March 30, 
2015, SAFE issued the Circular on the Management Concerning the Reform of the Payment and Settlement of Foreign Currency 
Capital of Foreign-Invested Enterprises, or SAFE Circular 19, which became effective on June 1, 2015 and replaced SAFE Circular 
142. Pursuant to SAFE Circular 19, up to 100% of foreign currency capital of foreign-invested enterprise may be converted into RMB 
capital according to the actual operation of the enterprise within the business scope at its will and the RMB capital converted from 
foreign currency registered capital of a foreign-invested enterprise may be used for equity investments within the PRC. However, 
under SAFE Circular 19, RMB capital converted from foreign currency registered capital of a foreign-invested company still may not 
in any case be used to advance the RMB entrusted loan or repay RMB loans if the proceeds of such loans have not been used.

On November 19, 2012, SAFE promulgated the Circular of Further Improving and Adjusting Foreign Exchange 
Administration Policies on Foreign Direct Investment, or SAFE Circular 59, which became effective on December 17, 2012. SAFE 
Circular 59 substantially amends and simplifies the current foreign exchange procedure. The major developments under SAFE 
Circular 59 are that the opening of various special purpose foreign exchange accounts, such as pre-establishment expenses accounts, 
foreign exchange capital accounts and guarantee accounts, no longer requires the approval of SAFE. Furthermore, multiple capital 
accounts for the same entity may be opened in different provinces, which was not possible before the issuance of SAFE Circular 59. 
The reinvestment of lawful incomes, such as profit and proceeds of equity transfer, capital reduction, liquidation and early repatriation 

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of investment, by foreign investors in the PRC and the purchase and remittance of foreign exchange as a result of capital reduction, 
liquidation, early repatriation or share transfer in a foreign-invested enterprise no longer requires SAFE approval.

On May 10, 2013, SAFE promulgated the Circular on Printing and Distributing the Provisions on Foreign Exchange 
Administration over Domestic Direct Investment by Foreign Investors and the Supporting Documents, which specifies that the 
administration by SAFE or its local branches over direct investment by foreign investors in the PRC shall be conducted by way of 
registration. Institutions and individuals shall register with SAFE and/or its branches for their direct investment in the PRC. Banks 
shall process foreign exchange business relating to the direct investment in the PRC based on the registration information provided by 
SAFE and its branches.

On February 13, 2015, SAFE issued the Circular on Further Simplifying and Improving the Foreign Exchange 

Administration Policies on Direct Investments, or SAFE Circular 13, pursuant to which the administrative examination and approval 
procedures with SAFE or its local branches relating to the foreign exchange registration approval for domestic direct investments as 
well as overseas direct investments have been cancelled, and qualified banks are delegated the power to directly conduct such foreign 
exchange registrations under the supervision of SAFE or its local branches. SAFE Circular 13 took effect on June 1, 2015.

On April 26, 2016, SAFE issued the Circular of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange on Further Promoting Trade 

and Investment Facility and Improving the Examination and Verification of the Authenticity, pursuant to which when handling the 
remittance of profits exceeding the equivalent of US$50,000 abroad for a domestic institution, a bank shall examine, according to the 
principle of transaction authenticity, the profit distribution resolution of the board of directors (or the profit distribution resolution of 
all partners) that is related to this remittance of profits abroad, the original of its tax record-filing form and the financial statements in 
proof of the profits involved in this remittance.

On June 9, 2016, SAFE issued the Circular of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange on Reforming and Regulating 

Policies on the Control over Foreign Exchange Settlement of Capital Accounts, to promote nationwide the reform of control 
approaches to foreign exchange settlement of foreign debts of enterprises and in the meantime to unify and regulate control over 
discretionary settlement and payment of foreign exchange receipts under capital accounts. Pursuant to this circular, domestic 
enterprises (including foreign-invested enterprises) may go through foreign exchange settlement formalities for their foreign debts at 
their discretion. In addition, domestic institutions may, at their discretion, settle up to 100% of foreign exchange receipts under capital 
accounts for the time being. 

On October 23, 2019, SAFE issued the Circular Regarding Further Promotion of the Facilitation of Cross-Border Trade and 
Investment, or SAFE Circular 28, pursuant to which all foreign-invested enterprises can make domestic equity investments with their 
capital funds in accordance with the law.

Regulation of Foreign Exchange Registration of Offshore Investment by PRC Residents

On July 4, 2014, SAFE issued the Circular on Several Issues Concerning Foreign Exchange Administration of Domestic 

Residents Engaging in Overseas Investment, Financing and Round-Trip Investment via Special Purpose Vehicles, or SAFE Circular 
37, which became effective on the same date. SAFE Circular 37 and its detailed guidelines require PRC residents to register with the 
local branch of SAFE before contributing their legally owned onshore or offshore assets or equity interest into any special purpose 
vehicle, or SPV, directly established, or indirectly controlled, by them for the purpose of investment or financing; and when there is (i) 
any change to the basic information of the SPV, such as any change relating to its individual PRC resident shareholders, name or 
operation period or (ii) any material change, such as increase or decrease in the share capital held by its individual PRC resident 
shareholders, a share transfer or exchange of the shares in the SPV, or a merger or split of the SPV, the PRC resident must register 
such changes with the local branch of SAFE on a timely basis. According to the relevant SAFE rules, failure to comply with the 
registration procedures set forth in SAFE Circular 37 may result in restrictions being imposed on the foreign exchange activities of the 
relevant onshore companies of SPVs, including the payment of dividends and other distributions to its offshore parent or affiliate and 
the capital inflow from such offshore entity, and may also subject the relevant PRC residents and onshore companies to penalties 
under PRC foreign exchange administration regulations. Further, failure to comply with various SAFE registration requirements 
described above would result in administrative penalties or even criminal liabilities under PRC laws. On February 13, 2015, SAFE 
issued SAFE Circular 13, which is the Circular on Further Simplifying and Improving the Foreign Exchange Administration Policies 
on Direct Investments. Under SAFE Circular 13, qualified banks are delegated the power to register all PRC residents’ investments in 
SPVs pursuant to SAFE Circular 37, saving for supplementary registration application made by PRC residents who failed to comply 
with SAFE Circular 37, which shall still fall into the jurisdiction of the local branch of SAFE. SAFE Circular 13 took effect on June 1, 
2015.

We understand that the aforesaid registration requirement under SAFE Circular 37, SAFE Circular 13 and the relevant 

implementing rules do not apply to our PRC subsidiaries or our PRC resident beneficial owners due to the following reasons: (i) our 
company was incorporated and controlled by Phoenix TV, a Hong Kong listed company, rather than any PRC residents defined under 
SAFE Circular 37, (ii) none of the former or current shareholders of the VIEs in China established or acquired interest in our company 
by injecting the assets of, or equity interest in, the VIEs, and (iii) before the public listing of our ADSs all of our PRC resident 
beneficial owners obtained interest in our company through exercise of options granted to them under our share incentive plan. 

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However, we cannot assure you that SAFE or its local branch would hold the same opinion with us and the relevant government 
authorities have broad discretion in interpreting these rules and regulations. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risk 
Relating to Doing Business in China—If the PRC government finds that our PRC beneficial owners are subject to the SAFE 
registration requirement under SAFE Circular 37 and the relevant implementing rules and our PRC beneficial owners fail to comply 
with such registration requirements, such PRC beneficial owners may be subject to personal liability, our ability to acquire PRC 
companies or to inject capital into our PRC subsidiaries may be limited, our PRC subsidiaries’ ability to distribute profits to us may be 
limited, or our business may be otherwise materially and adversely affected.”

SAFE Regulation of Stock Incentive Plan

On December 25, 2006, the People’s Bank of China promulgated the Administrative Measures for Individual Foreign 
Exchange. On January 5, 2007, SAFE issued the Implementation Rules of the Administrative Measures for Individual Foreign 
Exchange, or the Individual Foreign Exchange Rules, which, among other things, specifies the approval requirements for a “domestic 
individual’s” (including both PRC residents and non-PRC residents who reside in the PRC for a continuous period of not less than one 
year, excluding the foreign diplomatic personnel and representatives of international organizations) participation in employee stock 
plans or stock option plans of an overseas publicly listed company. On February 15, 2012, SAFE issued the Notices on Issues 
concerning the Foreign Exchange Administration for Domestic Individuals Participating in Stock Incentive Plan of Overseas 
Publicly-Listed Company, or the Stock Incentive Plan Rules, which terminated the Processing Guidance on Foreign Exchange 
Administration of Domestic Individuals Participating in the Employee Stock Ownership Plans or Stock Option Plans of Overseas-
Listed Companies issued by SAFE on March 28, 2007. According to the Stock Incentive Plan Rules, if a domestic individual 
participates in any stock incentive plan of an overseas listed company, a qualified PRC domestic agent, which can be the PRC 
subsidiaries of such overseas listed company, shall, among other things, file, on behalf of such individual, an application with SAFE to 
conduct the SAFE registration with respect to such stock incentive plan, and obtain approval for an annual allowance with respect to 
the purchase of foreign exchange in connection with the stock purchase or stock option exercise. Such PRC individuals’ foreign 
exchange income received from the sale of stocks and dividends distributed by the overseas listed company and any other income 
shall be fully remitted into a collective foreign currency account in the PRC opened and managed by the PRC domestic agent before 
distribution to such individuals.

Our employees who are “domestic individuals” and have been granted share options, or PRC optionees are subject to the 

Stock Incentive Plan Rules. Our stock incentive plan has been registered with SAFE when we listed in New York Stock Exchange, 
however, we cannot assure you that we will be able to complete relevant registration for other employees who participate such stock 
incentive plan in the future, in a timely manner or at all. If we or our PRC optionees fail to comply with the Individual Foreign 
Exchange Rules and the Stock Incentive Plan Rules, we and/or our PRC optionees may be subject to fines and other legal sanctions. 
We may also face regulatory uncertainties that could restrict our ability to adopt additional option plans for our directors and 
employees under PRC law. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry—Failure to 
comply with PRC regulations regarding the registration requirements for stock incentive plans may subject the plan participants or us 
to fines and other legal or administrative sanctions.”

Regulation of Dividend Distributions

Enterprises in the PRC may pay dividends only out of their accumulated profits, if any, as determined in accordance with 
PRC accounting standards and regulations. In addition, a PRC enterprise is required to set aside at least 10% of its after-tax profit 
based on PRC accounting standards each year to its general reserves until its cumulative total reserve funds reaches 50% of its 
registered capital. These reserve funds, however, may not be distributed as cash dividends. Under the CIT Law and its implementation 
rules, dividends payable by a foreign-invested enterprise in the PRC to its foreign investor who is a non-resident enterprise will be 
subject to a 10% withholding tax, unless any such foreign investor’s jurisdiction of incorporation has a tax treaty with the PRC that 
provides for a lower withholding tax rate.

Regulation of Overseas Listings

On August 8, 2006, six PRC regulatory agencies, namely, MOFCOM, the State Assets Supervision and Administration 

Commission, the State Administration for Taxation, SAIC, CSRC and SAFE, jointly adopted the 2006 M&A Rules, which became 
effective on September 8, 2006 and were amended in June 22, 2009. The 2006 M&A Rules purport, among other things, to require 
that offshore special purpose vehicles, or SPVs, that are controlled by PRC companies or individuals and that have been formed for 
overseas listing purposes through acquisitions of PRC domestic interest held by such PRC companies or individuals, to obtain the 
approval of the CSRC prior to publicly listing their securities on an overseas stock exchange. On September 21, 2006, the CSRC 
published a notice on its official websites specifying documents and materials required to be submitted to it by SPVs seeking CSRC 
approval of their overseas listings. While the application of the 2006 M&A Rules remains unclear, our PRC counsel has advised us 
that based on its understanding of the current PRC laws, rules and regulations and the 2006 M&A Rules, prior approval from the 
CSRC is not required under the 2006 M&A Rules for the listing and trading of our ADSs on the NYSE because we have not acquired 
any equity interest or assets of a PRC domestic company owned by PRC companies or individuals, as defined under the 2006 M&A 
Rules, that are our beneficial owners after the effective date of the 2006 M&A Rules.

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However, our PRC counsel has further advised us uncertainties still exist as to how the 2006 M&A Rules will be interpreted 
and implemented and its opinions summarized above are subject to any new laws, rules and regulations or detailed implementations 
and interpretations in any form relating to the 2006 M&A Rules. If the CSRC or another PRC regulatory agency subsequently 
determines that prior CSRC approval was required, we may face regulatory actions or other sanctions from the CSRC or other PRC 
regulatory agencies. These regulatory agencies may impose fines and penalties on our operations, limit our operating privileges, delay 
or restrict the repatriation of the proceeds from our initial public offering into the PRC or payment or distribution of dividends by our 
PRC subsidiaries, or take other actions that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results, 
reputation and prospects, as well as the trading price of our ADSs. If the CSRC later requires that we obtain its approval for our initial 
public offering, we may be unable to obtain a waiver of CSRC approval requirements, if and when procedures are established to 
obtain such a waiver. Any uncertainties or negative publicity regarding CSRC approval requirements could have a material adverse 
effect on the trading price of our ADSs.

On February 17, 2023, CSRC issued a new set of regulations consists of the Trial Administrative Measures of Overseas 
Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic Companies (the “Trial Measures”) and five supporting guidelines (collectively, the “Trial 
Measures and Supporting Guidelines”), which came into effect on March 31, 2023. The Trial Measures and Supporting Guidelines 
regulate both direct and indirect overseas offering and listing of PRC domestic companies’ securities by adopting a filing-based 
regulatory regime. A “direct” overseas offering and listing by domestic companies refers to such overseas offering and listing by a 
joint-stock company incorporated domestically. An “indirect” overseas offering and listing by domestic companies refers to such 
overseas offering and listing by a company in the name of an overseas incorporated entity, whereas the company’s major business 
operations are located domestically and such offering and listing is based on the underlying equity, assets, earnings or other similar 
rights of a domestic company. The Trial Measures and Supporting Guidelines apply to overseas offerings by domestic companies of 
equity shares, depository receipts, convertible corporate bonds and other equity securities that are offered and listed overseas. For an 
indirect initial public offering and listing in an overseas market, the issuer shall designate a major domestic operating entity to submit 
the filing documents to the CSRC, including but not limited to the prospectus within three working days after such application of 
overseas offering and listing is submitted. The CSRC would, within 20 working days if filing documents are complete and in 
compliance with the stipulated requirements, complete the filing and publish the filing information on the CSRC’s official website. In 
addition, subsequent securities offerings of an issuer in the same overseas market where it has previously offered and listed securities 
shall be filed with the CSRC within three working days after the offering is completed. Meanwhile, overseas offering and listing 
would be prohibited under certain circumstances, including but not limited to that (i) the offering and listing are expressly forbidden 
by the PRC laws, regulations and relevant rules; (ii) the intended overseas securities offering and listing may endanger national 
security as reviewed and determined by competent authorities under the State Council in accordance with laws or (iii) there are 
material disputes with regard to the ownership of the equity held by the domestic company’s controlling shareholder or by other 
shareholders that are controlled by the controlling shareholder and/or actual controller. If a domestic company falls into the 
circumstances where overseas offering and listing is prohibited prior to the overseas offering and listing, the domestic company shall 
postpone or terminate the intended overseas offering and listing, and report to the CSRC and competent authorities under the State 
Council in a timely manner. If domestic companies fail to fulfill the above-mentioned filing procedures or offer and list in an overseas 
market against the prohibited circumstances, they would be warned and fined up to RMB10 million. The controlling shareholders and 
actual controllers of such domestic companies that organize or instruct the aforementioned violations would be fined up to RMB10 
million and directly liable persons-in-charge and other directly liable persons would be each fined up to RMB5.0 million.

In order to support domestic companies’ overseas securities offering and listing pursuant to PRC laws and regulations, as a 

supplement to the Trial Measures, on February 24, 2023, CSRC and other three PRC regulatory authorities jointly issued the 
Provisions on Strengthening Confidentiality and Archives Administration of Overseas Securities Offering and Listing by Domestic 
Companies (the “Confidentiality and Archives Administration Provisions”), which took effect on March 31, 2023 with the Trial 
Measures, according to which, a domestic company that seeks overseas offering and listing, and the securities companies and 
securities service providers that undertake relevant businesses shall strictly abide by applicable PRC laws and regulations and perform 
relevant confidentiality and archives administration obligations. To be specific, a domestic company that plans to, either directly or 
through its overseas listed entity, publicly disclose or provide to relevant individuals or entities including securities companies, 
securities service providers and overseas regulators, (i) any documents and materials that contain state secrets or working secrets of 
government agencies, shall first obtain approval from competent authorities and file with competent secrecy administrative 
department; (ii) any other documents and materials that, if leaked, will be detrimental to national security or public interest, shall 
strictly fulfill relevant procedures stipulated by applicable national regulations. A domestic company that provides documents and 
materials to securities companies and securities service providers shall abide by applicable national regulations on confidentiality in 
handling such documents and materials, and shall provide a written statement simultaneously. 

As the Trial Measures and Supporting Guidelines and the Confidentiality and Archives Administration Provisions are 

relatively new, there are substantial uncertainties with respect to their interpretation and implementation.

Uncertainties exist as to how these laws and regulations will be interpreted and implemented, and how these draft provisions 

or measures will be adopted, failure to obtain these approvals, if required, could have a material adverse effect on us. See “Item 3. Key 
Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Doing Business in China—The approval, filing or other requirements of the CSRC, 

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CAC or other PRC government authorities may be required under PRC law in connection with our issuance of securities overseas. Our 
failure to obtain these approvals, if required, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, reputation and 
trading price of our ADSs.”

C.

Organizational Structure

Our Corporate Structure

The following diagram illustrates our corporate structure as of the date of this annual report, including our subsidiaries, the 

VIEs and their subsidiaries, which are significant subsidiaries as defined in rule 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X: 

Aligned with our business strategies, we have made the following investments in subsidiaries, affiliates and other business 

alliance partners in various Internet-related businesses. 

In August 2020, we acquired 6.04% equity interest in Humanistic Intelligence through a series of debt restructuring and share 
exchange transactions. As the investment in Humanistic Intelligence is redeemable at the option of us, it is not considered in-substance 
common stock but considered debt securities. Our investment in Humanistic Intelligence is classified as available-for-sale debt 
investments and reported at fair value. We had fully written down the whole investment in Humanistic Intelligence and recognized an 
impairment loss related to credit losses of RMB6.0 million in 2022. As of December 31, 2023, the fair value of investment in 
Humanistic Intelligence was nil. 

We made substantial investments in Particle in the form of investments and loans in the past. Particle operates Yidian, a 
personalized news and life-style information application in China that allows users to define and explore desired content on their 
mobile devices. 

In 2019, we entered into a share purchase agreement with Run Liang Tai Management Limited, or Run Liang Tai, and its 

designated entities and entered into a series of supplemental agreements thereafter, for our sale of 235,051,527 convertible redeemable 
preferred shares of Particle. The transaction was arranged to deal in several installments and the last batch transaction was closed on 
October 19, 2020. We recognized a gain on disposal of available-for-sale debt investments of RMB1,143.8 million and RMB573.9 
million in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss) for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020, respectively. 
In September 2022, we paid the withholding tax related to the disposal of available-for-sale debt investments in Particle and 
recognized an income tax benefit of RMB64.4 million, which represented the difference between the actual withholding tax paid in 
2022 and the previously accrued withholding tax. In August 2020, we acquired 4,584,209 Series D1 preferred shares of Particle from 
Run Liang Tai, which were previously pledged to us to secure the repayment of an interest-free loan with the principal of 
approximately US$9.7 million granted by us to Run Liang Tai. As of the date of this annual report, we held 4,584,209 Series D1 
convertible redeemable preferred shares of Particle, which had been accounted for as available-for-sale debt investments, representing 

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an aggregate of approximately 0.60% equity interest in Particle on an as-if converted basis (which reflected the completion of the 
issuance of additional shares under Particle’s share incentive plan). The fair value of our available-for-sale debt investments in Particle 
was RMB0.3 million (US$0.04 million) as of December 31, 2023.

We hold 50% of the equity interest in Tianbo. Before April 2019, as we had significant influence over financial and operating 

decision-making, we accounted for the 50% equity interest by using the equity method of accounting. On April 1, 2019, we obtained 
control over Tianbo and consolidated Tianbo starting from April 1, 2019. Tianbo is principally engaged in operation of the real estate 
vertical and sales of real estate advertisements for us. 

In November 2018, we acquired a 10% equity interest in Yitong Technology, by investing in newly issued shares of Yitong 
Technology with a total consideration of RMB13.0 million. Yitong Technology mainly engages in big data application development 
and operation in China. As our equity investment in Yitong Technology has preferred liquidation rights, it is not considered as in-
substance common stock, and should be measured at fair value, with changes in the fair value recognized through net income/(loss). 
As the investments in Yitong Technology lack readily determinable fair values, we elect to use the measurement alternative defined as 
cost, less impairments, adjusted by observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the 
same issuer. As of December 31, 2023, the carrying value of our equity investment in Yitong Technology was RMB13.0 million 
(US$1.8 million). 

In January 2020, we and an independent third party proposed to jointly operate advertising business. One of our wholly-
owned subsidiaries, Fengqingyang, formerly known as Beijing Youjiuzhou Technology Co., Ltd., underwent an increase in share 
capital and as a result, we and the third-party hold 60% and 40% of the equity interest in Fengqingyang, respectively. We continue to 
consolidate Fengqingyang.

In May 2020, our board of directors approved an investment program in selected venture capital funds, according to which, 

we signed the relevant agreements in relation to a total amount of RMB90.0 million investments and acquired partnership interests in 
three funds. As of December 31, 2022, we made a total of RMB90.0 million investments in these three funds. Investments in two of 
such funds with total considerations of RMB60.0 million were accounted for under equity method as significant influence could be 
imposed by us, and the investment in the other fund of RMB30.0 million was accounted for using the net asset value as a practical 
expedient under ASC 820. In December 2023, one venture capital fund accounted for under equity method returned investment capital 
contribution of RMB1.1 million (US$0.2 million) to us, which was calculated on a pro rata basis. The carrying value of investments in 
the three funds as of December 31, 2023 were RMB73.2 million (US$10.3 million). The changes in the carrying value of investments 
in the three funds were mainly attributable to the changes in estimated fair value of the underlying investments held by the funds.

In December 2020, we acquired, through Tianying Jiuzhou, approximately 3.7773% partnership interests in Kesheng Jiada 

with a consideration of RMB10.0 million, representing 1.0% indirect equity interest in 4K Garden, a company that focuses on 
developing 4K ultra HD content ecosystem and related technology and 5G+ ultra HD application technology platform. Kesheng Jiada 
is a special purpose vehicle that holds equity interest in 4K Garden. As the investments in Kesheng Jiada lack readily determinable fair 
values, we elect to use the measurement alternative defined as cost, less impairments, adjusted by observable price changes in orderly 
transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. In January 2021, we acquired additional 1.8886% partnership 
interests in Kesheng Jiada, representing 0.5% indirect equity interest in 4K Garden, with a consideration of RMB5.0 million. As of 
December 31, 2023, the carrying value of the equity investment was RMB15.0 million (US$2.1 million). 

In addition, we previously invested in several other businesses. After considering the operating results of these entities and the 

likelihood of recovering value from such investments, our equity interest in these businesses have been fully impaired.

Contractual Arrangements with the VIEs

Phoenix New Media limited is not a Chinese operating company but a Cayman Islands holding company with operations 

primarily conducted by its subsidiaries in China and through contractual arrangements with the VIEs based in China. Foreign 
investment in the Internet and mobile services industries is currently prohibited or restricted in China. As a Cayman Islands company, 
we do not qualify to conduct these businesses under PRC regulations. See “—B. Business Overview—Regulatory Matters.” As a 
result, our business in China is operated through contractual arrangements with the VIEs.

We do not have any equity interest in Tianying Jiuzhou, Fenghuang Ronghe or their subsidiaries. However, as a result of 

these contractual arrangements, we are the primary beneficiary of each of Tianying Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe (including their 
respective subsidiaries) and account for them as the VIEs under U.S. GAAP. Outstanding equity interest in Tianying Jiuzhou are held 
by Haiyan Qiao and Ximin Gao. Outstanding equity interest in Fenghuang Ronghe are held by Ming Zou and Xiaojia Wang. See 
“Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure—The shareholders of the VIEs may have 
potential conflicts of interest with us.”

We have consolidated the financial results of each of Tianying Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe and their subsidiaries in our 
consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. In 2023, revenues from Tianying Jiuzhou, Fenghuang Ronghe and 
their subsidiaries accounted for 43.4% of our total revenues.  

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These contractual arrangements may not be as effective as ownership in providing us with control over the VIEs. If the VIEs 
or their shareholders fail to perform their respective obligations under these contractual arrangements, our recourse to the assets held 
by the VIEs is indirect and we may have to incur substantial costs and expend significant resources to enforce such arrangements in 
reliance on legal remedies under PRC law. These remedies may not always be effective, particularly in light of uncertainties regarding 
the interpretation and enforcement of the relevant laws and regulations. Furthermore, in connection with litigation, arbitration or other 
judicial or dispute resolution proceedings, assets under the name of any of record holder of equity interest in the VIEs, including such 
equity interest, may be put under court custody. As a consequence, we cannot be certain that the equity interest will be disposed 
pursuant to the contractual arrangement or ownership by the record holder of the equity interest. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. 
Risk Factors—We rely on contractual arrangements with the VIEs in China, and their shareholders, for our business operations, which 
may not be as effective in providing operational control or enabling us to derive economic benefits as through ownership of 
controlling equity interest.”

All of these contractual arrangements are governed by and interpreted in accordance with PRC law, and disputes arising from 

these contractual arrangements will be resolved through arbitration in China. As a result, uncertainties in the interpretation and 
enforcement of PRC laws, rules and regulations could limit our ability, as a Cayman holding company, to enforce these contractual 
arrangements.

Overview of the Contractual Arrangements

The contractual arrangements among Fenghuang On-line, the VIEs and the shareholders of the VIEs enable us to:

•

•

•

receive substantially all of the economic benefits from Tianying Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe and their subsidiaries in 
consideration for the technical and consulting services provided and intellectual property rights licensed by Fenghuang 
On-line;

exercise effective control over Tianying Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe and their subsidiaries; and

have an exclusive option to purchase all of the equity interest in Tianying Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe when and to the 
extent permitted under PRC laws.

Agreements that Transfer Economic Benefits to Us

Exclusive Technical Consulting and Service Agreements. Under the exclusive technical consulting and service agreements 

between Fenghuang On-line and each of Tianying Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe, or the Fenghuang On-line Technical Service 
Agreements, Fenghuang On-line has the exclusive right to provide designated technical and consulting services to the VIEs, including 
developing and upgrading various software, developing system technology, maintaining operational hardware and providing various 
training and consulting services, among other services. Third parties may only be engaged to provide the designated services to the 
VIEs under limited circumstances that are within the control of Fenghuang On-line.

The Fenghuang On-line Technical Service Agreements also transfer all of the economic benefits of intellectual property 

created by the relevant VIEs to Fenghuang On-line. To the extent that the relevant VIEs jointly develop business-related technologies 
with Fenghuang On-line or are entrusted by Fenghuang On-line to develop business-related technologies, the ownership and patent 
application rights for such technologies are vested in Fenghuang On-line. To extent that the relevant VIEs develop business-related 
technologies independently, the relevant VIEs are required to promptly notify Fenghuang On-line of such technologies, and 
Fenghuang On-line has the right to purchase each such technology for RMB1 or the minimum purchase price permitted by then 
applicable law, or otherwise has priority rights with respect to any transfer or license of such technologies. In addition, Fenghuang On-
line controls the patent applications of any business-related technologies created by the relevant VIEs.

The term of each Fenghuang On-line Technical Service Agreements is indefinite unless terminated by Fenghuang On-line by 

providing prior written notice to the relevant VIE. The Fenghuang On-line Technical Service Agreements provide that the relevant 
VIEs cannot terminate such agreements under any circumstances or on any ground unless otherwise provided for by law.

The Fenghuang On-line Technical Service Agreements provide that any disputes shall be resolved by the parties through 

negotiation, and if the parties cannot reach an agreement within thirty days, the dispute shall be submitted to the China International 
Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission in Beijing. The arbitral awards shall be final and binding upon both parties.

Pursuant to the Technical Service Agreements, the VIEs have each agreed to pay to Fenghuang On-line an amount equal to a 
certain percentage of their respective annual revenues, plus a special service fee for certain services rendered by Fenghuang On-line at 
the request of the relevant VIE. However, the Technical Service Agreements also provide that notwithstanding such agreement as to 
payment, the actual amount of the service fee may be adjusted upon mutual agreement of the parties. Historically, the VIEs have 
deducted relevant costs and expenses from the amount that is subject to the service fee payment. In 2021, 2022 and 2023, the VIEs 
transferred technical service fees of RMB16.8 million, RMB13.5 million and RMB23.0 million (US$3.2 million), respectively, to 
Fenghuang On-line and the subsidiaries.  

92

Agreements that Provide Us with Effective Control and Grant Fenghuang On-line an Exclusive Option to Purchase all of the 
Equity Interest in the Respective VIEs When and to the Extent Permitted Under PRC Laws

Voting Right Entrustment Agreements. Each of the Tianying Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe, their respective shareholders 
and Fenghuang On-line have entered into a voting right entrustment agreement. Pursuant to the voting right entrustment agreements 
the shareholders of each relevant VIE have granted a person designated by Fenghuang On-line, or the trustee, the right to exercise 
their rights as shareholders, including all voting rights, as well as rights to attend and propose the convening of shareholder meetings. 
Under the voting right entrustment agreements, the respective trustees have the right to access all information regarding the relevant 
VIE’s operation, business, clients, finances and employees, as well as their financial, business and corporate documentation.

The term of each voting right entrustment agreement is indefinite unless both parties agree to terminate the agreement in 

writing, or unless Fenghuang On-line decides in its discretion to terminate the relevant agreement after the relevant VIE or one of its 
shareholders breaches the agreement and such breach is not remedied within ten days of receipt of written notice. The voting right 
entrustment agreements provide that the relevant VIEs cannot terminate such agreements under any circumstances or on any ground 
unless otherwise provided for by law.

The voting right entrustment agreements provide that any disputes shall be resolved by the parties through negotiation, and if 
the parties cannot reach an agreement within thirty days, the dispute shall be submitted to the China International Economic and Trade 
Arbitration Commission in Beijing. The arbitral awards shall be final and binding upon both parties.

Exclusive Equity Option Agreements. Each of the Tianying Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe, their respective shareholders and 
Fenghuang On-line have entered into an exclusive equity option agreement, or equity option agreement, pursuant to which Fenghuang 
On-line has an irrevocable, unconditional and exclusive option to purchase, or to designate other persons to purchase from the 
shareholders, to the extent permitted by applicable PRC laws, rules and regulations, all of the equity interest in the VIEs. Fenghuang 
On-line may acquire all of the equity interest in the relevant affiliated entity through one purchase or a series of purchases, the timing, 
manner and frequency of which are in Fenghuang On-line’s discretion. The purchase price for the entire equity interest is to be 
calculated based on the paid-up amount of the relevant equity interest or the minimum price permitted by applicable PRC laws, rules 
and regulations. In addition, the amount borrowed by the respective shareholders from Fenghuang On-line for making the capital 
contributions to the relevant VIEs under the loan agreements, as described in “—Loan Agreements,” shall offset the purchase price 
paid for any transfer of equity interest from the respective shareholders to Fenghuang On-line or be immediately repaid by such 
shareholders in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement.

Under the equity option agreements, the shareholders have agreed that, without Fenghuang On-line’s written consent, they 

will not take certain actions, including transferring any of their equity interest in the relevant VIEs, disposing or causing the relevant 
VIEs’ management to dispose of any of the entities’ tangible or intangible assets, terminating any material agreement to which the 
relevant VIEs are party, appointing or removing any of the relevant VIEs’ directors, supervisors or management members, causing or 
endorsing the declaration or actual distribution of any profit, bonus, dividends or interests of the relevant VIEs, or causing or 
endorsing any lending or borrowing or provision of any guarantee or creation of any other security interest other than in the normal 
course of business, among other actions.

The term of each equity option agreement will expire when all of the equity interest in the relevant VIEs have been duly 

transferred to Fenghuang On-line or its designated representative. In addition, the equity option agreements provide that neither of the 
relevant VIEs nor their shareholders may terminate such agreements under any circumstances or on any ground.

The equity option agreements provide that any disputes shall be resolved by the parties through negotiation, and if the parties 

cannot reach an agreement within thirty days, the dispute shall be submitted to the China International Economic and Trade 
Arbitration Commission in Beijing. The arbitral awards shall be final and binding upon both parties.

Loan Agreements. Pursuant to the loan agreements among Fenghuang On-line and the respective shareholders of Tianying 

Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe, Fenghuang On-line granted interest-free loans to the shareholders of the relevant VIEs in an amount 
equal to their respective paid-in capital contribution in the relevant VIEs. The loans can be repaid only with proceeds from the sale of 
all of the respective shareholder’s equity interest in the applicable VIE to Fenghuang On-line or its designated representatives pursuant 
to the applicable equity option agreement.

The term of each loan is ten years from the execution of the applicable loan agreement, and may be extended upon mutual 

agreement of the parties. On December 31, 2019, Fenghuang On-line and the shareholders of Tianying Jiuzhou entered into a 
supplemental agreement to extend the loan for a term of ten years upon expiration of the original loan agreement on the same day. 
Any disputes shall be resolved by the parties through negotiation, and if the parties cannot reach an agreement within thirty days, the 
dispute shall be submitted to the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission in Beijing. The arbitral awards 
shall be final and binding upon both parties.

Equity Pledge Agreements. Each of Tianying Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe, their respective shareholders and Fenghuang 

On-line, have entered into an equity pledge agreement. Under the equity pledge agreements, the shareholders have pledged their 
respective equity interest in the relevant VIEs to Fenghuang On-line to secure the performance of the obligations of the relevant VIEs 

93

and the shareholders under the applicable technical service agreements, voting right entrustment agreements, equity option agreements 
and loan agreements, including, among others, the payment of the service fees, the entrustment of the shareholders’ voting rights in 
the VIEs, the conditional transfer of the shareholders’ equity interest in the VIEs and the repayment of the shareholder loans with 
proceeds from the transfer of the shareholders’ equity interest, respectively. 

The term of each equity pledge agreement will expire when the secured obligations have been fully performed or released. 

Any disputes shall be resolved by the parties through negotiation, and if the parties cannot reach an agreement within thirty days, the 
dispute shall be submitted to the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission in Beijing. The arbitral awards 
shall be final and binding upon both parties.

We have been advised by our PRC legal counsel, Zhong Lun Law Firm, that our organizational structure in China (including 
our corporate structure and our contractual arrangements with the VIEs) complies with all applicable PRC laws, rules and regulations, 
and does not violate, breach, contravene or otherwise conflict with any applicable PRC laws, rules or regulations. However, there are 
uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of the relevant PRC laws, rules and regulations. Accordingly, there can be no 
assurance that the PRC regulatory authorities will not take a view that is contrary to the opinion of our PRC legal counsel. Our PRC 
legal counsel has further advised that if a PRC government authority determines that our corporate structure, the contractual 
arrangements or the reorganization to establish our current corporate structure violates any applicable PRC laws, rules or regulations, 
the contractual arrangements will become invalid or unenforceable, and we could be subject to severe penalties and required to obtain 
additional governmental approvals from the PRC regulatory authorities. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks 
Relating to Our Corporate Structure—If the PRC government finds that the agreements that establish the structure for operating our 
businesses in China do not comply with PRC governmental restrictions on foreign investment in Internet businesses, or if these 
regulations or the interpretation of existing regulations change in the future, we would be subject to severe penalties or be forced to 
relinquish our interests in those operations” and “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Doing Business in 
China—Uncertainties with respect to the PRC legal system could limit the protections available to you and us.”

We operate digital reading business through Fengyu Network. Historically, we directed the activities that most significantly 
impact the economic performance of Fengyu Network and derived substantially all of the economic benefits from Fengyu Network 
through contractual arrangements entered into among Qieyiyou (Beijing) Information Technology Co., Ltd and the shareholders of 
Beijing Chenhuan Technology Co., Ltd., the entity that previously wholly owned Fengyu Network. In order to streamline 
organizational structure and control operational costs, we terminated such contractual arrangements in August 2022 and Fengyu 
Network is currently wholly owned by Tianying Jiuzhou.  

Our Relationship with Phoenix TV

We are currently a subsidiary of Phoenix TV, the leading Hong Kong-based satellite TV network broadcasting Chinese 
language content globally and into China. Phoenix TV owned 55.0% of our outstanding ordinary shares and 61.4% of the voting 
power of our ordinary shares as of March 31, 2024. Phoenix TV first reported its new media business as one of its business segments 
in its annual report submitted to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange for the year ended December 31, 2007.

In addition, we entered into several sets of trademark and program content licensing agreements with Phoenix TV or certain 

of its subsidiaries in the past and continue to use certain copyrighted content and trademarks provided by Phoenix TV Group. See 
“Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—B. Related Party Transactions—Agreements and Transactions with 
Phoenix TV and Certain of its Subsidiaries.”

We have a mutually beneficial relationship with Phoenix TV. We and Phoenix TV share a common vision of the convergence 

of traditional and new media channels, and work together to realize this vision. Phoenix TV enables us to display our proprietary 
content on its TV programs. We believe that our and Phoenix TV’s active promotion of one another’s brands on our respective 
Internet-enabled and TV platforms helps to grow our combined audience synergistically.

Our former Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Shuang Liu served as the chief operating officer of Phoenix TV until March 2023. 

Mr. Yusheng Sun, an executive director, deputy chief executive officer, editor-in-chief and a member of the Nomination Committee of 
Phoenix TV, was appointed as the Chief Executive Officer of our company.

Although we believe that our interests and those of Phoenix TV are mostly aligned because Phoenix TV will continue to 

consolidate our financial results as long as Phoenix TV maintains a majority voting interest in our company, there may be conflicts of 
interest between our company and Phoenix TV from time to time. We may not be able to resolve any potential conflicts, and even if 
we do so, the resolution may be less favorable to us than if we were dealing with a non-controlling shareholder. For more information 
about our potential conflicts of interest with Phoenix TV, see “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our 
Corporate Structure—We may have conflicts of interest with Phoenix TV and, because of Phoenix TV’s controlling beneficial 
ownership interest in our company, may not be able to resolve such conflicts on terms favorable for us.”

Subsidiaries of Phoenix New Media Limited

An exhibit containing a list of our significant subsidiaries has been filed with this annual report.

94

D.

Property, Plants and Equipment

Please refer to “B. Business Overview—Facilities” for a discussion of our property, plants and equipment.

ITEM 4A.          UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 5.             OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

Unless otherwise stated, the discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operation in this section apply to 
our financial information as prepared according to U.S. GAAP. You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial 
condition and operating results in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in 
this annual report. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks 
and uncertainties. Our actual results and the timing of selected events may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-
looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors.”

Overview

We are a leading new media company providing premium content on an integrated Internet platform, including PC and 
mobile, in China. Having originated from a leading global Chinese language TV network based in Hong Kong, Phoenix TV, we 
enable consumers to access professional news and other quality information and UGC, on the Internet and through their PCs and 
mobile devices. Our premium content is organized in major verticals such as news, video, military affairs, finance, technology, 
automobile, real estate, entertainment, sport and fashion. Our main content distribution channels include our PC websites, mobile 
news application, mobile video application, mobile digital reading applications and mobile Internet websites. We also act as a unique 
and quality content provider for multiple third-party channels. The appeal of our brand is enhanced by its affiliation with the 
“Phoenix” (“鳳凰”) brand of Phoenix TV.

We earn revenues from advertising and paid services, which accounted for 89.5% and 10.5% of our total revenues, 

respectively, in 2023.  

We recognize revenues from our advertising services on a net basis, after deducting the agency service fees we pay to 
advertising agencies and the value-added tax, or VAT, and the cultural development fee. We provide advertising services through PC 
channel and mobile channel, which accounted for 26.3% and 73.7% of our net advertising revenues, respectively, in 2023. Building on 
our core competencies of content production capability, dedication to serious journalism and cutting-edge technology, we continue to 
create values for our advertising clients. 

We offer a wide variety of paid services primarily through our mobile channel and operations with the telecom operators and 

other third parties. Paid services revenues comprise (i) revenues from paid contents and (ii) revenues from E-commerce and 
others. We derived 48.0% and 52.0% of our paid services revenues, respectively, from our paid contents, and E-commerce and others 
in 2023. Our paid services revenues decreased from RMB89.0 million in 2022 to RMB72.7 million (US$10.2 million) in 2023, 
primarily attributable to the decrease in E-commerce revenues as we closed certain E-commerce business lines in 2023.

Our business and operating results are affected by general factors affecting China’s new media industry, which include 

China’s overall economic growth, per capita disposable income, the trend of media convergence, growth of new media and its 
popularity as an advertising medium, growth of Internet (including mobile Internet) penetration, adoption of paid services, including 
3G /4G mobile services, and smart phones. Unfavorable changes in any of these general industry conditions could negatively affect 
demand for our services and negatively and materially affect our operating results.

Our business, operating results, financial condition and future growth are more directly affected by company specific factors 

and trends, including:

•

•

•

•

our ability to maintain and expand our target user base;

our ability to provide effective advertising services and enhance our pricing power;

our ability to grow our paid services on both mobile operators’ platforms and our own platforms; and

our ability to procure and produce content in a cost-effective manner.

Critical Accounting Estimates

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires our management to make 
estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet 
dates, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. To the extent that there are material 
differences between these estimates and actual results, our financial condition or results of operations would be affected. We base our 

95

estimates on our own historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable after taking account of our 
circumstances and expectations for the future based on available information. We evaluate these estimates on an ongoing basis.

We consider an accounting estimate to be critical if: (i) the accounting estimate requires us to make assumptions about 

matters that were highly uncertain at the time the accounting estimate was made, and (ii) changes in the estimate that are reasonably 
likely to occur from period to period or use of different estimates that we reasonably could have used in the current period, would have 
a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. There are other items within our financial statements that require 
estimation but are not deemed critical, as defined above. Changes in estimates used in these and other items could have a material 
impact on our financial statements. For a detailed discussion of our principal accounting policies and related judgments, see “Notes to 
Consolidated Financial Statements – Note 2 Principal Accounting Policies”.

 Allowance for Expected Credit Losses 

The allowance for expected credit losses represents our estimate of the expected lifetime credit losses inherent in accounts 

receivable as of the balance sheet date. The adequacy of our allowance for expected credit losses, the assumptions and models used in 
establishing the allowance are evaluated regularly. Because expected credit losses can vary substantially over time, estimating credit 
losses requires a number of assumptions about matters that are uncertain. Changes in assumptions affect our operating expenses on our 
consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss) and the allowance for expected credit losses contained within our accounts 
receivable, net on our consolidated balance sheets. See Note 4 of the Notes to the Financial Statements for more information regarding 
allowance for expected credit losses.

Nature of Estimates Required. We estimate the allowance for expected credit losses for receivables that share similar risk 

characteristics based on a collective assessment using a combination of measurement models and management judgment. The models 
consider factors such as historical trends in credit losses, recent portfolio performance, and forward-looking macroeconomic 
conditions. If we do not believe the models reflect lifetime expected credit losses for the portfolio, an adjustment is made to reflect 
management judgment regarding qualitative factors including economic uncertainty, observable changes in portfolio performance, and 
other relevant factors.

Assumptions Used. The provision for expected credit losses is estimated mainly based on past collection experience as well as 

consideration of current and future economic conditions and changes in our collection trends. We estimate the expected credit losses 
for financial assets with similar risk characteristics on a pool basis. The key assumptions used in the process of estimating the 
provision for expected credit losses include portfolio composition, loss severity and recoveries, and application of macroeconomic 
forecasts. The estimate of expected credit losses is sensitive to our assumptions in these factors. When one of our estimates of loss 
severity and recoveries and macroeconomic forecasts decreased/increased by 5% while holding all other estimates constant, there 
would be no significant impact to our consolidated results of operations.

Our estimate of the key assumptions did not change significantly throughout the periods presented.

Income Taxes

Nature of Estimates Required. We must make estimates and apply judgment in determining the provision for income taxes for 

financial reporting purposes. We make these estimates and judgments primarily in the following areas: (i) the calculation of tax 
credits, (ii) the calculation of differences in the timing of recognition of revenue and expense for tax reporting and financial statement 
purposes, as well as (iii) the calculation of interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions. Changes in these estimates and 
judgments may result in a material increase or decrease to our tax provision, which would be recorded in the period in which the 
change occurs.

Assumptions and Approach Used. We are subject to the income tax laws and regulations of the jurisdictions in which we 

operate. These tax laws and regulations are complex and involve uncertainties in the application to our facts and circumstances that 
may be open to interpretation. We recognize benefits for these uncertain tax positions based upon a process that requires judgment 
regarding the technical application of the laws, regulations, and various related judicial opinions. If, in our judgment, it is more likely 
than not (defined as a likelihood of more than 50%) that the uncertain tax position will be settled favorably for us, we estimate an 
amount that ultimately will be realized. This process is inherently subjective since it requires our assessment of the probability of 
future outcomes. We evaluate these uncertain tax positions on a quarterly basis, including consideration of changes in facts and 
circumstances, such as new regulations or recent judicial opinions, as well as the status of audit activities by taxing authorities. 
Changes to our estimate of the amount to be realized are recorded in our provision for income taxes during the period in which the 
change occurred.

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We must also assess the likelihood that we will be able to recover our deferred tax assets against future sources of taxable 

income and reduce the carrying amount of deferred tax assets by recording a valuation allowance if, based on all available evidence, it 
is more likely than not that all or a portion of such assets will not be realized.

This assessment, which is completed on a taxing jurisdiction basis, takes into account various types of evidence, including the 

following:

•

•

•

Nature, frequency, and severity of current and cumulative net operating losses. A pattern of objectively measured recent 
net operating losses is heavily weighted as a source of negative evidence. We generally consider cumulative pre-tax 
losses in the three-year period ending with the current quarter to be significant negative evidence regarding future 
profitability. We also consider the strength and trend of earnings, as well as other relevant factors. In certain 
circumstances, historical information may not be as relevant due to changes in our business operations;

Sources of future taxable income. Future reversals of existing temporary differences are heavily weighted sources of 
objectively verifiable positive evidence. Projections of future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary 
differences are a source of positive evidence only when the projections are combined with a history of recent profits and 
can be reasonably estimated. Otherwise, these projections are considered inherently subjective and generally will not be 
sufficient to overcome negative evidence that includes relevant cumulative losses in recent years, particularly if the 
projected future taxable income is dependent on an anticipated turnaround to profitability that has not yet been achieved. 
In such cases, we generally give these projections of future taxable income no weight for the purposes of our valuation 
allowance assessment; and

Tax planning strategies. If necessary and available, tax planning strategies could be implemented to accelerate taxable 
amounts to utilize expiring carryforwards. These strategies would be a source of additional positive evidence and, 
depending on their nature, could be heavily weighted.

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, we consider the trade-offs between cash preservation and cash outlays to 

preserve tax credits. However, the ultimate realization of our deferred tax assets is subject to a number of variables, including our 
future profitability within relevant tax jurisdictions, and future tax planning and the related effects on our cash and liquidity position. 
Accordingly, our valuation allowances may increase or decrease in future periods.

For additional information regarding income taxes, see Note 13 of the Notes to the Financial Statements.

Description of Key Statement of Comprehensive Income/(Loss) Items

Revenues

The following table sets forth the principal components of our total revenues by amount and by percentage of total revenues 

for the years presented. 

Revenues:

Net advertising revenues
Paid services revenues

Total revenues

2021

2022

RMB

%

RMB

%

RMB

2023
US$

%

For the Years Ended December 31,

(In thousands except percentages)

930,025
100,306
1,030,331

90.3
9.7
100.0

696,664
89,043
785,707

88.7
11.3
100.0

619,260
72,760
692,020

87,221
10,248
97,469

89.5
10.5
100.0

We derive our revenues from advertising services and paid services.

Advertising Services. Our net advertising revenues accounted for 90.3%, 88.7% and 89.5% of our total revenues in 2021, 

2022 and 2023, respectively. We generate our net advertising revenues from payments made by advertisers to place their 
advertisements on our ifeng.com, mobile Internet websites i.ifeng.com and our mobile applications in different formats over a 
particular period of time. Such formats generally include but are not limited to banners, newsfeed, videos, text-links, logos, buttons 
and rich media.

Advertisers purchase our advertising services primarily through third-party advertising agencies. Currently the advertising 
business has three main types of pricing models, consisting of the CPD model, the CPM model, and the CPC model. We recognize 
advertising revenues on a net basis after deducting service fees earned by advertising agencies and the VAT and the cultural 
development fee. 

97

We also earn advertising revenues from related parties, including Phoenix TV, for joint TV and online advertising solutions 
that we provide together with Phoenix TV to certain Phoenix TV advertising customers, China Mobile Communication Corporation, 
or China Mobile, and our investees for online advertising services. We also record these revenues as net advertising revenues earned 
from related parties. Our net advertising revenues earned from related parties accounted for 3.1%, 2.4% and 1.6% of our net 
advertising revenues in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

Paid Services. Our paid services revenues contributed 9.7%, 11.3% and 10.5% of our total revenues in 2021, 2022 and 2023, 
respectively. The following table sets forth our paid services offerings and their respective contributions to our paid services revenues 
and total revenues in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

Paid Services Revenues
Paid contents

Digital reading, audio books and 
other content-related sales

E-commerce and others

E-commerce, MVAS and others

% of Paid Services Revenues
2022

2021

2023

2021

% of Total Revenues
2022

2023

For the Years Ended December 31,

43.0

57.0

38.0

62.0

48.0

52.0

4.2

5.5

4.3

7.0

5.0

5.5

These revenues were recorded either on gross or net basis depending on the nature of the services that we provided to the 

customers.

Our paid services revenues generated from China Mobile, a related party, accounted for 29.7%, 26.2% and 24.6% of our paid 
services revenues in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. We generated paid services revenues of RMB29.8 million, RMB23.3 million 
and RMB17.9 million (US$2.5 million) from providing services to customers of China Mobile and collecting fees through 
arrangements with China Mobile in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The decrease in paid services revenues with China Mobile was 
primarily due to a decrease in the MVAS revenues mainly resulting from the decline in users’ demand for services provided through 
telecom operators in China.

VAT and Related Surcharges. We are subject to VAT and related surcharges on the revenues earned for services provided in 

the PRC. The primary applicable rate of VAT is 6.0% for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023. Related surcharges 
mainly comprised of urban maintenance and construction tax and education surcharges. The urban maintenance and construction tax 
are charged at 7% or 5% of the amount of VAT actually paid depending on where the taxpayer is located. Education surcharges are 
charged at 3% of the amount of VAT actually paid and local education surcharges are charged at 2% or 1% of the amount of VAT 
actually paid depending on where the taxpayer is located. We are also subject to a cultural development fee on the provision of 
advertising services in the PRC and the applicable tax rate is 1.5% of the net advertising revenues, valid until December 31, 2024. The 
VAT and the cultural development fee are recorded as a reduction item of revenues in the consolidated statements of comprehensive 
income/(loss). The urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharges and local education surcharges are recorded in the 
cost of revenues in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss).

Cost of Revenues

Our cost of revenues consists primarily of (1) revenue sharing fees, including service fees retained by mobile 

telecommunications operators, and revenue sharing fees paid to our channel and content partners, (2) content and operational costs, 
including personnel-related cost associated with content production and certain advertisement sales support personnel, content 
procurement costs to third-party professional media companies, we-media and other personal content providers and to Phoenix TV 
Group, direct costs related to in-house content production, channel testing costs, rental cost, depreciation and amortization, the urban 
maintenance and construction tax, education surcharges and local education surcharges, and other miscellaneous costs, and (3) 
bandwidth costs. The decrease in cost of revenues from 2022 to 2023 was primarily caused by our effective cost control 
measures taken in 2023. The following table sets forth the components of our cost of revenues by amount and by percentage of total 
revenues for the years indicated.

Cost of revenues:

Revenue sharing fees
Content and operational costs
Bandwidth costs
Total cost of revenues

2021

2022

RMB

%

RMB

%

RMB

2023
US$

%

For the Years Ended December 31,

(In thousands except percentages)

27,673
513,449
56,275
597,397

2.7
49.8
5.5
58.0

16,969
484,857
46,679
548,505

2.2
61.7
5.9
69.8

12,997
420,721
30,427
464,145

1,831
59,256
4,286
65,373

1.9
60.8
4.4
67.1

Revenue Sharing Fees. We share the revenues generated from some services with the mobile operators through whose 

networks and/or service platforms we offer our services to our users, and record the revenue sharing fee as cost of revenues. We also 
share the revenues with business partners through whose platforms or channels we market and distribute our services and with certain 

98

content providers, as applicable. The percentage allocations for our revenue sharing are determined with the relevant parties and vary 
by service.

Content and Operational Costs. Our content costs consist of (i) personnel-related costs, which include share-based 

compensation associated with content production and advertising sales support staff, (ii) payments we make to third-party professional 
media companies, (iii) revenue sharing fees we pay to we-media and other personal content providers, (iv) the license fees we pay to 
Phoenix TV Group for the use of its content, (v) production costs related to our in-house produced content, (vi) the urban maintenance 
and construction tax, education surcharges and local education surcharges, and (vii) operational costs, which consist of channel testing 
costs, event costs incurred in connection with advertising revenue-generating activities, rental costs, depreciation and amortization 
costs, and other miscellaneous costs.

Bandwidth Costs. Bandwidth costs are the fees we pay to mobile operators and other service providers for 

telecommunications services and for hosting our servers at their Internet data centers.

For more information about such taxes, surcharges and fees, see “—Taxation.” For more information about risks related to 
potential changes in the taxes applicable to us, see “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and 
Industry—The discontinuation of any of the preferential tax treatments available to us in China could materially and adversely affect 
our operating results and financial condition.”

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses consist of sales and marketing expenses, general and administrative expenses and technology and 

product development expenses, and include allocations of expenses from Phoenix TV. Share-based compensation is included in our 
operating expenses as they are incurred. The decrease in operating expenses from 2022 to 2023 was primarily attributable to the 
decrease in certain operating expense items as a result of the strict cost control measures taken in 2023, partially off-set by the increase 
in allowance for expected credit losses in 2023 as we reversed more allowance for expected credit losses in 2022 due to the collection 
of some long-aged accounts receivables.

The following table sets forth our operating expenses, divided into their major categories, by amount and by percentage of 

total revenues for the years indicated. 

Operating expenses:

Sales and marketing expenses
General and administrative 
expenses
Technology and product 
development expenses
Total operating expenses

2021

2022

RMB

%

RMB

%

RMB

2023
US$

%

For the Years Ended December 31,

(In thousands except percentages)

276,254

334,189

158,586

769,029

26.8

32.4

15.4

74.6

204,984

91,846

131,807

428,637

26.1

11.7

16.8

54.6

155,939

114,974

82,659

353,572

21,964

16,194

11,642

49,800

22.5

16.6

11.9

51.0

Sales and Marketing Expenses. Our sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of sales and marketing personnel-related 

expenses, including sales commissions, advertising and promotion expenses including traffic acquisition expenses, rental expenses, 
and depreciation and amortization expenses.

General and Administrative Expenses. Our general and administrative expenses primarily consist of personnel-related 
expenses for management and administrative staff, professional service expenses, allowance for expected credit losses, rental 
expenses, and depreciation and amortization expenses.

Technology and Product Development Expenses. Our technology and product development expenses mainly consist of 
personnel-related expenses associated with the development and maintenance of, and enhancement to our PC websites, mobile 
applications and mobile websites, expenses associated with new technology and product development and enhancement, rental 
expenses, and depreciation and amortization expenses.

Share-based Compensation

We measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for share-based compensation at the grant date fair value of 
the award. We recognize share-based compensation, net of forfeitures, on a graded-vesting basis over the vesting term of the award. 
We adopt the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options, and determine the fair value of 
restricted share and restricted share units based on the fair value of the underlying ordinary shares at the grant date considering the 
dilutive effect of restricted share and restricted share units. We account for share-based compensation using an estimated forfeiture 

99

rate at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from initial estimates. Share-based 
compensation is recorded net of estimated forfeitures such that expenses are recorded only for share-based awards that are expected to 
vest.

Related Party Transactions

In 2021, 2022 and 2023, we have entered into transactions with our related parties, including Phoenix TV, China Mobile, and 

certain investees, that impacted our net advertising revenues, paid services revenues, cost of revenues, sales and marketing expenses 
and general and administrative expenses. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—B. Related Party 
Transactions.” The following table sets forth the transactions with our related parties.

Transactions with the non-US listed part of 
Phoenix TV Group :
Content provided by Phoenix TV Group
Advertising and promotion expenses charged by 
Phoenix TV Group
Corporate administrative expenses charged by 
Phoenix TV Group
Trademark license fees charged by Phoenix TV 
Group
Project cost charged by Phoenix TV Group
Revenues earned from Phoenix TV Group
Transactions with China Mobile:
Advertising revenues earned from China Mobile
Paid services revenues earned from and through 
China Mobile
Revenue sharing fees and bandwidth costs charged 
by China Mobile
Transactions with Investees :
Advertising revenues earned from/(agency service 
fees paid to) Fengyi Technology
Revenues earned from other investees

Other Income, net

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,

2022
RMB

2023

RMB

US$

(In thousands)

(17,263)

(2,477)

(1,093)

(4,267)

(595)
12,402

17,464

29,770

(6,631)

(1,047)

—

(45,000)

(1,168)

(1,071)

(3,803)

(2,971)
13,937

3,160

23,297

(4,971)

48

142

(45,000)

(4,290)

(943)

(5,548)

(2,601)
4,566

4,914

17,916

(3,313)

197

93

(6,338)

(604)

(133)

(781)

(366)
643

692

2,523

(467)

28

13

Our other income, net generally reflects net interest income, foreign currency exchange gain or loss, income/(loss) from 

equity method investments, including impairment, fair value changes in investments, net, and impairment of available-for-sale debt 
investments and others, net.

Taxation

We are incorporated in the Cayman Islands. Under the current relevant laws of the Cayman Islands, corporate income, capital 

gains or other direct taxes are not imposed on corporations in the Cayman Islands. In addition, dividend payments are not subject to 
withholding taxes in the Cayman Islands. 

Our subsidiaries incorporated in the British Virgin Islands are exempted from income tax on their foreign-derived income and 

are not subject to withholding taxes. Our subsidiaries in Hong Kong are subject to 16.5% Hong Kong profit tax on their taxable 
income generated from operations in Hong Kong and can also enjoy a two-tiered profits tax regime. The profits tax rate for the first 
HK$2 million of profits of corporations is lowered to 8.25%, while profits above that amount continue to be subject to the tax rate of 
16.5%. 

Each of our PRC subsidiaries and the VIEs are obligated to pay income tax in the PRC. The CIT Law generally applies an 

income tax rate of 25% to all enterprises, but grants preferential tax treatment to High and New Technology Enterprises 
(“HNTEs”). Under these preferential tax treatments, HNTEs are entitled to an income tax rate of 15%, subject to a requirement that 
they re-apply for HNTE status every three years.

100

Fenghuang On-line was qualified as an HNTE in 2020 and 2023, and therefore, Fenghuang On-line was subject to a 15% 

income tax rate in the reporting periods from 2021 to 2023. 

Fenghuang Yutian was qualified as an HNTE in 2020 and 2023, and therefore, Fenghuang Yutian was subject to a 15% 

income tax rate in the reporting periods from 2021 to 2023. 

In 2021, Fenghuang Borui was qualified as an HNTE, and therefore, Fenghuang Borui was subject to a 15% income tax rate 

in the reporting periods from 2021 to 2023. 

Tianying Jiuzhou was qualified as an HNTE in 2020, and therefore, Tianying Jiuzhou was subject to a 15% income tax rate 

in the reporting periods of 2021 and 2022, and was subject to a 25% income tax rate in 2023. 

All our other PRC subsidiaries and the VIEs were subject to a 25% income tax rate for all the years presented.

Under the CIT Law, dividends paid from our PRC subsidiaries are subject to a withholding tax at 10%. This dividend 
withholding tax, however, will only be levied on our PRC subsidiaries in respect of profits earned in 2008 onwards. Profits distributed 
after January 1, 2008 but related to financial results generated for the year ended December 31, 2007 and prior years will not be 
subject to dividend withholding tax. The dividend withholding tax rate can be lower than 10% subject to tax treaties between China 
and foreign countries or regions.

The CIT Law also provides that an enterprise established under the laws of foreign countries or regions but whose “de facto 
management body” is located in the PRC be treated as a resident enterprise for PRC tax purposes and consequently be subject to the 
PRC income tax at the rate of 25% for its global income. On April 22, 2009, the SAT issued a circular, known as Circular 82, which 
provides certain specific criteria for determining whether the “de facto management body” of a PRC-controlled enterprise that is 
incorporated offshore is located in China. Under Circular 82, an offshore incorporated enterprise controlled by a PRC enterprise or a 
PRC enterprise group will be regarded as a PRC tax resident by virtue of having its “de facto management body” in China and will be 
subject to PRC enterprise income tax on its global income only if all of the following conditions are met: (i) the primary location of 
the day-to-day operational management is in the PRC; (ii) decisions relating to the enterprise’s financial and human resource matters 
are made or are subject to approval by organizations or personnel in the PRC; (iii) the enterprise’s primary assets, accounting books 
and records, company seals, and board and shareholder resolutions, are located or maintained in the PRC; and (iv) at least 50% of 
voting board members or senior executives habitually reside in the PRC. We and our offshore subsidiaries have never been treated as 
resident enterprises for PRC tax purposes.

We are subject to VAT and related surcharges on the revenues earned for services provided in the PRC. The primary 

applicable rate of VAT is 6.0% for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023. Related surcharges mainly comprised of 
urban maintenance and construction tax and education surcharges. The urban maintenance and construction tax are charged at 
7% or 5% of the amount of VAT actually paid depending on where the taxpayer is located. Education surcharges are charged at 3% of 
the amount of VAT actually paid and local education surcharges are charged at 2% or 1% of the amount of VAT actually paid 
depending on where the taxpayer is located. We are also subject to a cultural development fee on the provision of advertising services 
in the PRC and the applicable tax rate is 1.5% of the net advertising revenues, valid until December 31, 2024. The VAT and the 
cultural development fee are recorded as a reduction item of revenues in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss). 
The urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharges and local education surcharges are recorded in the cost of revenues 
in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss). For more information about risks related to potential changes in the 
taxes applicable to us, see “Item 3. Key Information — D. Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry — The 
discontinuation of any of the preferential tax treatments available to us in China could materially and adversely affect our operating 
results and financial condition.”

A. Operating Results

Selected Consolidated Financial Information 

The following table sets forth the selected consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss) data by amount and by 

percentage of total revenues for the years indicated. This information should be read together with our consolidated financial 

101

statements and related notes included elsewhere in this annual report. The operating results in any period are not necessarily indicative 
of the results you may expect for future periods. 

2021

2022

RMB

%

RMB

%

RMB

2023
US$

%

For the Years Ended December 31,

(In thousands except percentages)

Consolidated Statements of 
Comprehensive Income/(Loss) 
Data
Revenues:

Net advertising revenues
Paid services revenues

Total revenues
Cost of revenues (1)
Gross profit
Operating expenses (1) :

Sales and marketing expenses
General and administrative 
expenses
Technology and product 
development expenses
Total operating expenses
Loss from operations
Other income, net*

Loss before income taxes

Income tax (expense)/benefit

Net loss

Net loss attributable to 
noncontrolling interests

Net loss attributable to Phoenix 
New Media Limited
Net loss

Other comprehensive loss, net of 
tax: fair value remeasurement for 
available-for-sale investments
Other comprehensive 
(loss)/income, net of tax: foreign 
currency translation adjustment

Comprehensive loss
Comprehensive loss attributable to 
noncontrolling interests
Comprehensive loss attributable 
to Phoenix New Media Limited

Non-GAAP gross profit (2)
Non-GAAP loss from operations 
(2)
Non-GAAP adjusted net loss 
attributable to Phoenix New Media 
Limited (3)

Notes:

930,025
100,306
1,030,331
(597,397)
432,934

(276,254)

(334,189)

(158,586)

(769,029)
(336,095)
83,610
(252,485)
(20,581)
(273,066)

67,365

(205,701)

(273,066)

(6,611)

(4,483)

(284,160)

67,365

(216,795)

90.3
9.7
100.0
(58.0)
42.0

(26.8)

(32.4)

(15.4)

(74.6)
(32.6)
8.1
(24.5)
(2.0)
(26.5)

6.5

(20.0)

(26.5)

(0.6)

(0.4)

(27.5)

6.5

(21.0)

696,664
89,043
785,707
(548,505)
237,202

(204,984)

(91,846)

(131,807)

(428,637)
(191,435)
(4,678)
(196,113)
70,394
(125,719)

16,067

(109,652)

(125,719)

(24,010)

17,916

(131,813)

16,067

(115,746)

88.7
11.3
100.0
(69.8)
30.2

(26.1)

(11.7)

(16.8)

(54.6)
(24.4)
(0.6)
(25.0)
9.0
(16.0)

2.0

(14.0)

(16.0)

(3.1)

2.3

(16.8)

2.0

(14.8)

619,260
72,760
692,020
(464,145)
227,875

(155,939)

(114,974)

(82,659)

(353,572)
(125,697)
29,558
(96,139)
(12,976)
(109,115)

6,619

(102,496)

(109,115)

—

5,005

87,221
10,248
97,469
(65,373)
32,096

(21,964)

(16,194)

(11,642)

(49,800)
(17,704)
4,163
(13,541)
(1,828)
(15,369)

932

(14,437)

(15,369)

—

705

(104,110)

(14,664)

6,619

932

(97,491)

(13,732)

2021

2022

RMB

%

RMB

%

RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,

435,986

(326,513)

42.3

(31.7)

(In thousands except percentages)
240,004

30.5

229,612

(183,554)

(23.4)

(121,984)

2023
US$

%

32,341

(17,181)

(198,426)

(19.3)

(154,617)

(19.7)

(87,218)

(12,285)

89.5
10.5
100.0
(67.1)
32.9

(22.5)

(16.6)

(11.9)

(51.0)
(18.1)
4.3
(13.8)
(1.9)
(15.7)

1.0

(14.7)

(15.7)

—

0.7

(15.0)

1.0

(14.0)

33.2

(17.6)

(12.6)

*         Other income, net generally reflects net interest income, foreign currency exchange gains or loss, income/(loss) from 

equity method investments, including impairments, fair value changes in investments, net, impairment of available-for-sale 
debt investments and others, net. 

102

(1) Includes share-based compensation as follows:

Allocation of share-based compensation:

Cost of revenues
Sales and marketing expenses
General and administrative expenses
Technology and product development expenses

Total share-based compensation

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

(In thousands)

2023
US$

3,052
1,704
3,244
1,582
9,582

2,802
1,842
2,215
1,022
7,881

1,737
1,115
273
588
3,713

245
157
38
83
523

(2) Non-GAAP gross profit and non-GAAP income or loss from operations are both non-GAAP financial measures. Non-GAAP 
gross profit is gross profit excluding share-based compensation. Non-GAAP income or loss from operations is income or loss 
from operations excluding share-based compensation.

(3) We define non-GAAP adjusted net income or loss attributable to Phoenix New Media Limited as net income or 

loss attributable to Phoenix New Media Limited excluding share-based compensation, income or loss from equity method 
investments, including impairments, fair value changes in investments, net, impairment of available-for-sale debt 
investments, and income tax benefit related to the gain on disposal of available-for-sale debt investments.

We believe the separate analysis and exclusion of the following non-GAAP to GAAP reconciling items add clarity to the 

constituent parts of our performances. We review non-GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP income or loss from operations and non-GAAP 
adjusted net income or loss attributable to Phoenix New Media Limited together with gross profit, income or loss from operations and 
net income or loss attributable to Phoenix New Media Limited to obtain a better understanding of our operating performance. We use 
these non-GAAP financial measures for planning and forecasting and measuring results against the forecast. Using these non-GAAP 
financial measures to evaluate our business may assist us and our investors in assessing our relative performance against our 
competitors and ultimately monitoring our capacity to generate returns for our investors. We also believe it is useful supplemental 
information for investors and analysts to assess our operating performance without the effect of items like share-based compensation, 
income or loss from equity method investments, including impairments and fair value changes in investments, net, which have been 
and will continue to be significant recurring items, and without the effect of impairment of available-for-sale debt investments and 
income tax benefit related to the gain on disposal of available-for-sale debt investments, which have been significant and one-time 
items. However, the use of non-GAAP financial measures has material limitations as an analytical tool. One of the limitations of using 
non-GAAP financial measures is that they do not include all items that impact our gross profit, income or loss from operations and net 
income or loss attributable to Phoenix New Media Limited for the period. In addition, because non-GAAP financial measures are not 
calculated in the same manner by all companies, they may not be comparable to other similar titled measures used by other 
companies. In light of the foregoing limitations, you should not consider non-GAAP financial measures in isolation from or as an 
alternative to the financial measures prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

103

Our non-GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP income or loss from operations and non-GAAP adjusted net income or loss 

attributable to Phoenix New Media Limited are calculated as follows for the years presented:

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

(In thousands)

2023
US$

432,934

3,052
435,986

(336,095)

9,582
(326,513)

(205,701)

9,582

(401)

(1,906)
—

—

237,202

2,802
240,004

(191,435)

7,881
(183,554)

(109,652)

7,881

8,195

(2,664)
5,980

(64,357)

227,875

1,737
229,612

(125,697)

3,713
(121,984)

(102,496)

3,713

11,125

440
—

—

32,096

245
32,341

(17,704)

523
(17,181)

(14,437)

523

1,567

62
—

—

(198,426)

(154,617)

(87,218)

(12,285)

Gross Profit
Excluding:
Share-based compensation
Non-GAAP gross profit

Loss from operations
Excluding:
Share-based compensation
Non-GAAP loss from operations

Net loss attributable to Phoenix New Media Limited
Excluding:
Share-based compensation
(Income)/loss from equity method investments, 
including impairments
Fair value changes in investments, net,
Impairment of available-for-sale debt investments
Income tax benefit related to the gain on disposal of 
available-for-sale debt investments*
Non-GAAP adjusted net loss attributable to Phoenix 
New Media Limited

Note:

*         In September 2022, we paid the withholding tax related to the disposal of available-for-sale debt investments in Particle of 
RMB176.0 million and recognized an income tax benefit of RMB64.4 million, which represented the difference between the 
actual withholding tax paid in 2022 and the previously accrued withholding tax.

Year Ended December 31, 2023 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2022

Revenues. Our total revenues decreased by 11.9% to RMB692.0 million (US$97.5 million) in 2023 from RMB785.7 million 

in 2022, primarily attributable to the year-over-year decline in both our net advertising revenues and paid services revenues. Net 
advertising revenues (net of advertising agency service fees and sales taxes and related surcharges) decreased by 11.1% to RMB619.3 
million (US$87.3 million) in 2023 from RMB696.7 million in 2022, primarily attributable to the reduction in advertising spending of 
advertisers from certain industries and intensified industry-wide competition. Paid service revenues decreased by 18.3% to RMB72.7 
million (US$10.2 million) in 2023 from RMB89.0 million in 2022, primarily attributable to the decrease in E-commerce revenues as 
we closed certain E-commerce business lines in 2023. 

Cost of Revenues. Our cost of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2023 was RMB464.1 million (US$65.4 million), 

which represented a decrease of 15.4% from RMB548.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily attributable to 
our strict cost control measures taken in 2023. Cost of revenues as a percentage of our revenues also decreased from 69.8% in 2022 to 
67.1% in 2023. 

•

•

•

Revenue sharing fees. Our revenue sharing fees for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023 were RMB17.0 million 
and RMB13.0 million (US$1.8 million), respectively. The decrease in revenue sharing fees was mainly attributable to the 
decrease in certain revenues that requires revenue-sharing. 

Content and operational costs. Our content and operational costs for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023 were 
RMB484.8 million and RMB420.7 million (US$59.3 million), respectively. The decrease in content and operational costs 
from 2022 to 2023 was primarily attributable to our strict cost control measures taken in 2023. 

Bandwidth costs. Our bandwidth costs decreased from RMB46.7 million in 2022 to RMB30.4 million (US$4.3 million) in 
2023 as we adopted more efficient cloud-based servers to replace local severs and because of our strict cost control 
measures taken in 2023. 

Share-based compensation. Our share-based compensation allocated to cost of revenues as part of content and operational 

costs above, decreased from RMB2.8 million in 2022 to RMB1.7 million (US$0.2 million) in 2023.  

104

 
As a result of the foregoing, our gross profit decreased from RMB237.2 million in 2022 to RMB227.9 million 

(US$32.1 million) in 2023. Our gross margin increased from 30.2% in 2022 to 32.9% in 2023. 

Operating Expenses. Our operating expenses decreased by 17.5% from RMB428.6 million in 2022 to RMB353.6 million 

(US$49.8 million) in 2023, primarily attributable to the decrease in certain operating expense items as a result of the strict cost control 
measures taken in 2023, partially off-set by the increase in allowance for expected credit losses in 2023 as we reversed 
more allowance for expected credit losses in 2022 due to the collection of some long-aged accounts receivables. Our share-based 
compensation allocated to operating expenses was RMB2.0 million (US$0.3 million) in 2023, as compared to RMB5.1 million in 
2022. Our operating expenses as a percentage of revenues decreased from 54.6% in 2022 to 51.0% in 2023.

•

•

•

Sales and marketing expenses. Our sales and marketing expenses decreased by 23.9% from RMB205.0 million in 2022 to 
RMB155.9 million (US$22.0 million) in 2023. This decrease was mainly due to the strict cost control measures taken in 
2023. 

General and administrative expenses. Our general and administrative expenses increased by 25.2% from RMB91.8 
million in 2022 to RMB115.0 million (US$16.2 million) in 2023. This increase was mainly caused by the increase in 
allowance for expected credit losses in 2023 as we reversed more allowance for expected credit losses in 2022 due to the 
collection of some long-aged accounts receivables. 

Technology and product development expenses. Our technology and product development expenses decreased by 37.3% 
from RMB131.8 million in 2022 to RMB82.7 million (US$11.6 million) in 2023. This decrease was mainly caused by the 
strict cost control measures taken in 2023. 

Related Party Transactions 

•

•

•

•

Our net advertising revenues from related parties decreased by 43.7% from RMB17.1 million in 2022 to RMB9.6 million 
(US$1.4 million) in 2023, which was primarily attributable to the decrease in advertising revenues earned from Phoenix 
TV Group. 

Our paid service revenues from related parties decreased by 23.1% from RMB23.5 million in 2022 to RMB18.1 million 
(US$2.5 million) in 2023, which was primarily attributable to the decrease in paid services revenues generated from China 
Mobile. 

Our cost of revenues due to transactions with related parties decreased by 3.8% from RMB52.9 million in 2022 to 
RMB50.9 million (US$7.2 million) in 2023. The decrease was primarily due to the decrease in revenue sharing fees paid 
to China Mobile.

Our operating expenses due to transactions with related parties increased from RMB6.0 million in 2022 to 
RMB10.8 million (US$1.5 million) in 2023, which mainly comprised of trademark license fees and other operating 
expenses charged by Phoenix TV Group.

Other Income, Net. Our other income, net increased from a loss of RMB4.7 million in 2022 to a gain of RMB29.6 million 

(US$4.2 million) in 2023. The increase in other income, net in 2023 was mainly due to a decrease in foreign exchange loss to RMB1.9 
million (US$0.3 million) recognized in 2023 from RMB32.9 million recognized in 2022, which was mainly caused by the 
milder depreciation of Renminbi against US dollars in 2023. 

Income Tax Expense or Benefit. Our income tax benefit was RMB70.4 million in 2022 and our income tax expense was 

RMB13.0 million (US$1.8 million) in 2023. The income tax expense recognized in 2023 was mainly caused by the increase in 
valuation allowance against some deferred tax assets as we determined that those deferred tax assets would not be utilized in the 
future. Our effective tax rate was negative 13.5% in 2023 as compared to positive 35.9% in 2022. The change in effective tax rate was 
mainly due to an income tax benefit of RMB64.4 million recognized in 2022, which represented the difference between the actual 
withholding tax paid related to the gain on disposal of available-for-sale debt investments in Particle and the previously accrued 
withholding tax. 

Net Loss Attributable to Phoenix New Media Limited. As a result of the foregoing, net loss attributable to our company was 

RMB109.7 million in 2022 and RMB102.5 million (US$14.4 million) in 2023.

Year Ended December 31, 2022 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2021

For a discussion of the Group’s results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared with the year ended 

December 31, 2021, see “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects￿A. Operating Results￿ Year Ended December 31, 
2022 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2021” in our annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed 
with the SEC on May 1, 2023.

105

B.  Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the years indicated:

Net cash used in operating activities
Net cash (used in)/provided by investing activities
Net cash used in financing activities
Effect of exchange rate change on cash, cash 
equivalents and restricted cash
Net (decrease)/increase in cash, cash equivalents and 
restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at 
beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of 
period

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

(In thousands)

2023
US$

(142,822)
(42,653)
(3,540)

4,778

(184,237)

388,835

204,598

(312,411)
228,699
—

(15,849)

(99,561)

204,598

105,037

(60,827)
487,844
(655)

3,057

429,419

105,037

534,456

(8,567)
68,711
(92)

431

60,483

14,794

75,277

As of December 31, 2023, we had RMB534.5 million (US$75.3 million) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash. Our 
cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and demand deposits, which are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use, and which 
have original maturities of three months or less. Our restricted cash represents deposits placed in accounts co-managed with third 
parties related to the real estate services, which are restricted to withdrawal or usage. We have not encountered any difficulties in 
meeting our cash obligations to date. As of December 31, 2023, we also had RMB558.8 million (US$78.7 million) in term deposits 
and short-term investments with maturities up to one year. We believe that our operating cash flows, existing cash balances and term 
deposits and short-term investments will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for the next twelve months from the filling 
date of this annual report. 

Although we currently anticipate that we will be able to fund operations for at least the next twelve months with operating 
cash flows, existing cash balances and term deposits and short-term investments, we may require additional cash resources due to 
changed business conditions or other future developments, including any investments or acquisitions we may decide to pursue. If these 
sources are insufficient to satisfy cash requirements, we may seek to sell additional equity or debt securities or to obtain additional 
credit facilities. The sale of additional equity or equity-linked securities could result in additional dilution to shareholders. The 
incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased debt service obligations and could result in operating and financial covenants that 
would restrict operations. Financing may not be available in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

Operating Activities

In 2023, our net cash used in operating activities were RMB60.8 million (US$8.6 million). This was primarily due to our net 

loss of RMB109.1 million (US$15.4 million), adjusted by non-cash adjustments, which mainly included depreciation and amortization 
expenses of RMB21.5 million (US$3.0 million), amortization of the right-of-use assets of RMB21.0 million (US$3.0 million), 
provision for allowance for expected credit losses of RMB14.3 million (US$2.0 million), loss from equity method investments, 
including impairment of RMB11.1 million (US$1.6 million), share-based compensation of RMB3.7 million (US$0.5 million), and the 
deferred tax expense of RMB18.9 million (US$2.7 million). The decrease in cash from working capital items of RMB43.4 million 
(US$6.1 million) was also included in operating cash flows.

In 2022, our net cash used in operating activities were RMB312.4 million. This was primarily due to our net loss of 
RMB125.7 million, adjusted by non-cash adjustments, which mainly included foreign exchange loss of RMB32.9 million, reversal of 
allowance for expected credit losses of RMB23.5 million, amortization of the right-of-use assets of RMB28.5 million, depreciation 
and amortization expenses of RMB26.2 million, loss from equity method investments, including impairment of RMB8.2 
million, share-based compensation of RMB7.9 million, and impairment of available-for-sale debt investments of RMB6.0 million. The 
decrease in cash from working capital items of RMB275.8 million was also included in operating cash flows, which included the 
decrease in withholding tax payable for disposal of available-for-sale debt investments in Particle of RMB240.4 million.

In 2021, our net cash used in operating activities were RMB142.8 million. This was primarily due to our net loss of 
RMB273.1 million, partially offset by non-cash adjustments, which primarily included provision for allowance for expected credit 
losses of RMB186.5 million, amortization of the right-of-use assets of RMB37.5 million, depreciation and amortization expenses of 
RMB28.5 million, and share-based compensation of RMB9.6 million. The decrease in cash from working capital items of RMB116.6 
million was also included in operating cash flows.

106

Investing Activities

In 2023, our net cash provided by investing activities were RMB487.8 million (US$68.7 million). This was primarily due to 

the maturity of term deposits and short-term investments of RMB1.8 billion (US$249.4 million) and proceeds from disposal of 
property and equipment and intangible assets of RMB3.8 million (US$0.5 million), partially offset by placement of term deposits and 
short-term investments of RMB1.3 billion (US$180.1 million) and capital expenditures of RMB9.7 million (US$1.4 million). 

In 2022, our net cash provided by investing activities were RMB228.7 million. This was primarily due to the maturity of term 
deposits and short-term investments of RMB3.1 billion and proceeds from disposal of property and equipment and intangible assets of 
RMB8.6 million, partially offset by (i) placement of term deposits and short-term investments of RMB2.9 billion, (ii) capital 
expenditures of RMB34.0 million, and (iii) cash paid for equity investments in certain investee of RMB9.0 million. 

In 2021, our net cash used in investing activities were RMB42.7 million. This was primarily due to (i) placement of term 

deposits and short-term investments of RMB5.8 billion, (ii) cash paid for equity investments in certain investees of RMB14.0 million, 
and (iii) capital expenditures of RMB16.8 million. These items were partially offset by (i) the maturity of term deposits and short-term 
investments of RMB5.8 billion, and (ii) proceeds from disposal of property and equipment of RMB17.4 million.

Financing Activities

We had net cash used in financing activities of RMB0.7 million (US$0.1 million) for 2023, mainly attributable to the cash 

paid for the repurchase of ordinary shares.

Net cash used in or provided by financing activities was nil for 2022.

We had net cash used in financing activities of RMB3.5 million for 2021, mainly attributable to the special cash dividends 

paid to shareholders under the special dividend plan declared in December 2020.

PRC Regulations Related to Profit Appropriation, Withholding Tax on Dividends and Foreign Currency Exchange

Regulations in the PRC currently permit payment of dividends of a PRC company only out of accumulated profits as 
determined in accordance with accounting standards and regulations in China. Our PRC subsidiaries are also required to set aside each 
year to their general reserves at least 10% of their after-tax profit based on PRC accounting standards, until the cumulative amount 
reaches 50% of their paid-in capital. These reserves may not be distributed as cash dividends, or as loans or advances. Any amounts so 
allocated may not be distributed by our PRC subsidiaries and, accordingly, would not be available for distribution to our offshore 
intermediate holding company.

Any earnings that our PRC subsidiaries distribute would be paid to our offshore intermediate holding company primarily 
through dividends. To date, our PRC subsidiaries have not paid any dividends to our offshore intermediate holding company and 
therefore have retained their earnings for the purpose of conducting our business operations in China. As of December 31, 2021, 
2022 and 2023, our PRC subsidiaries’ retained earnings were RMB907.3 million, RMB796.1 million and RMB749.2 million 
(US$105.5 million), respectively, and our PRC subsidiaries’ cash and cash equivalents were RMB19.9 million, RMB50.3 million and 
RMB335.1 million (US$47.2 million), respectively.

The CIT Law imposes a 10% withholding income tax for dividends distributed by foreign invested enterprises in the PRC to 
their immediate holding companies outside the PRC. A lower withholding tax rate will be applied if there is a tax treaty arrangement 
between Mainland China and the jurisdiction of the foreign holding company. A holding company in Hong Kong, for example, will be 
subject to a 5% withholding tax rate under an arrangement between the PRC and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on 
the “Avoidance of Double Taxation and Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income” if such holding company is 
considered a non-PRC resident enterprise and holds at least 25% of the equity interest in the PRC FIE distributing the dividends, 
subject to approval of the PRC local tax authority. However, if the Hong Kong holding company is not considered to be the beneficial 
owner of such dividends under applicable PRC tax regulations, such dividend will remain subject to withholding tax at a rate of 10%. 

Under regulations of the SAFE, the RMB is not convertible into foreign currencies for capital account items, such as loans, 

repatriation of investments and investments outside of Mainland China, unless prior approval of the SAFE is obtained and prior 
registration with the SAFE is made.

107

Material cash requirements

Our material cash requirements as of December 31, 2023 and any subsequent interim period primarily include our capital 

expenditures, operating lease obligations and purchase obligations.

We had capital expenditures of RMB16.8 million, RMB34.0 million and RMB9.7 million (US$1.4 million) in 2021, 2022 and 
2023, respectively. The capital expenditures were mainly attributable to purchasing intangible assets, servers and network equipment. 
We expect capital expenditures to be approximately RMB8.6 million in 2024. We plan to fund our capital expenditures in 2024 with 
cash flows from our operations and remaining cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2023. 

Our operating lease obligations consist of the commitments under the lease agreements for our office premises. We lease our 

office facilities under non-cancelable operating leases with various expiration dates. Our leasing expense was RMB34.5 million, 
RMB27.6 million and RMB25.4 million (US$3.6 million) for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The 
majority of our operating lease commitments are related to our office lease agreements in China.

Purchase obligations primarily consist of purchase obligations for bandwidth and property management fees, and purchase 

obligations for content assets under non-cancelable agreements for licensed copyrights and produced content.

We intend to fund our existing and future material cash requirements with our existing cash balance, term deposits and short-
term investments. We will continue to make cash commitments, including capital expenditures, to support the growth of our business.

We have not entered into any financial guarantees or other commitments to guarantee the payment obligations of any third 
parties. We do not have retained or contingent interests in assets transferred. We have not entered into contractual arrangements that 
support the credit, liquidity or market risk for transferred assets. We do not have obligations that arise or could arise from variable 
interests held in an unconsolidated entity, or obligations related to derivative instruments that are both indexed to and classified in our 
own equity, or not reflected in the balance sheets.

Other than as discussed above, we did not have any significant capital and other commitments, long-term obligations or 

guarantees as of December 31, 2023. 

Recently Issued Accounting Standards 

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2023-07, Improvements to 
Reportable Segment Disclosures (Topic 280). This ASU updates reportable segment disclosure requirements by requiring disclosures 
of significant reportable segment expenses that are regularly provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) and 
included within each reported measure of a segment’s profit or loss. This ASU also requires disclosure of the title and position of the 
individual identified as the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measures of a segment’s profit or loss in 
assessing segment’s performance and deciding how to allocate resources. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after 
December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Adoption of the ASU should be 
applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Early adoption is also permitted. This ASU will likely 
result in additional required disclosures when adopted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on our 
consolidated financial statements and expect to adopt them for the year ending December 31, 2024. 

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (Topic 740). The ASU requires 

specific disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as additional information on 
income taxes paid. The ASU is effective on a prospective basis for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption 
is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. This ASU will result in the 
required additional disclosures being included in the consolidated financial statements, once adopted. We are in the process of 
evaluating the impact of the new guidance and do not expect it to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have not entered into any financial guarantees or other commitments to guarantee the payment obligations of any third 

parties. In addition, we have not entered into any derivative contracts that are indexed to our own shares and classified as 
shareholder’s equity, or that are not reflected in our consolidated financial statements. Furthermore, we do not have any retained or 
contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to such entity. 
Moreover, we do not have any variable interest in any unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit 
support to us or engages in leasing, hedging or research and development services with us.

108

C.

Research and Development, Patents and Licenses, etc.

Product Development

See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Research and Development.”

Intellectual Property

See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Intellectual Property.”

D.

Trend Information

Please refer to “—A. Results of Operations” for a discussion of the most recent trends in our services, sales and marketing by 

the end of 2021. In addition, please refer to discussions included in such Item for a discussion of known trends, uncertainties, 
demands, commitments or events that we believe are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our net sales and operating 
revenues, income from operations, profitability, liquidity or capital resources, or that would cause reported financial information to be 
not necessarily indicative of our future operating results or financial condition.

E.

Critical Accounting Estimates

See “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — Critical Accounting Estimates.”

ITEM 6.             DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

 A. Directors and Senior Management 

The following table sets forth information regarding our executive officers and directors as of the date of this annual report. 

Directors and Executive Officers
Yusheng Sun

Age

Position/Title

64  Chairman of the Board of Directors, Chief 

Qi Li
Ka Keung Yeung
Xiaoyan Chi
Carson Wen
Jerry Juying Zhang
Edward Lu
Chun Liu

Executive Officer

45  Director
65  Director
45  Director and Senior Vice President
72 
63 
43  Chief Financial Officer
57  Senior Vice President

Independent Director
Independent Director

 Yusheng Sun has served as the chairman of our board of directors since August 2021 and the Chief Executive Officer of our 

company since March 2023. Mr. Sun is also serving as an executive director, deputy chief executive officer, editor-in-chief and a 
member of the Nomination Committee of Phoenix TV, our company’s parent company. Mr. Sun had served in China Central 
Television for more than 30 years. He was the vice president, deputy editor-in-chief and director of the news center. He has 
accumulated extensive experience and good reputation in the television broadcasting industry. He was awarded the “Top Ten 
Outstanding Youth in China” in 1995. Mr. Sun was the awardee of the State Council Special Allowance and was elected as the vice 
president of the Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union, or ABU, in 2017, the first Chinese national to become a senior official in ABU. Mr. 
Sun is a doctoral advisor and part-time professor at the Tsinghua University and the Renmin University of China. He graduated from 
Jilin University with a bachelor’s degree in economics and holds the professional qualification of senior editor granted by the Ministry 
of Radio, Film and Television, China. 

Qi Li has served as our director since December 2022. Mr. Li is in charge of financial budgeting, capital investments and 

daily operations of Phoenix TV Group. He had many years of working experience with People’s Daily and had been in charge of the 
supervision of cultural and media enterprises. Mr. Li joined People’s Daily Online in December 2014 and had served as its chief 
financial officer and secretary of the board of directors, in charge of capital market, financial management, scientific research, 
technologies and Internet information service system construction. Mr. Li graduated from Wuhan Military Economic Institute.

Ka Keung Yeung has served as our director since May 2011. Mr. Yeung is the executive vice president, company secretary 
and chief financial officer of Phoenix TV and is in charge of corporate finance, legal affairs, human resources and administration of 
Phoenix TV Group. Mr. Yeung is also a member of the Risk Management Committee of Phoenix TV. Mr. Yeung received a Bcom 
(Acc) degree from the University of Birmingham and remained in the United Kingdom until 1992 after obtaining his qualification as a 
chartered accountant. Upon returning to Hong Kong, he worked at Hutchison Telecommunications and Star Television Limited in the 

109

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
fields of finance and business development. Mr. Yeung currently serves as an independent director for The9 Limited (NASDAQ: 
NCTY).

Xiaoyan Chi has served as our Senior Vice President since January 2018, served as our director since November 2019, and 

served as the Deputy Director of the Marketing Management Committee of Phoenix TV Group since 2021. Ms. Chi has more than 17 
years of experience in media marketing and management. She is the chairman of judgment committee of China Pubic Service 
Advertisement Grand Prix. She served as a final judgment committee member of Cannes Young Lions Competitions (China District), 
final judgment committee member of Effie Awards of Greater China, and the special columnist of Digital Marketing Magazine. She 
has extensive experience in branded communications and advertisement sales. She also served as Vice President of the China 
Advertising Association, visiting professor of Communication University of China, and Industry Mentor for Master’s Students at the 
Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Ms. Chi received an EMBA and a master’s degree from Peking University and 
a bachelor’s degree from Beijing Technology and Business University.

Carson Wen has served as an independent director of our company since May 2011. Mr. Wen was formerly a Partner and then 

an Of Counsel at Jones Day, and has more than 30 years of experience in business, corporate and securities law. Mr. Wen is currently 
a Senior Consultant of Siao, Wen and Leung, Solicitors & Notaries and the Chairman of BOA International Financial Group, Bank of 
Asia (BVI) Limited and the Sancus Group of Companies. Mr. Wen is a Justice of the Peace of Hong Kong and was awarded the 
Bronze Bauhinia Star by the Hong Kong government for his contribution to economic ties between Hong Kong, the PRC and the rest 
of the world. He is a guest professor of the Law School of Sun Yat-Sen University (Zhongshan University) in Guangzhou, China, and 
sits on the board of numerous organizations, including the China Africa Business Council (Hong Kong), and the Pacific Basin 
Economic Council. He is a member of the Executive Council of the United Nation Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the 
Pacific (UNESCAP) Sustainable Business Network and the former chairman of its Green Business Task Force. He was a deputy of the 
National People’s Congress of the PRC. Mr. Wen holds a B.A. and M.A. degree in Law from Oxford University, where he was a 
Younger Prizeman in law at Balliol College, and a B.A. in Economics from Columbia University. Mr. Wen currently serves as an 
independent non-executive director of Winox Holdings Limited (HKEx: 6838) and a supervisor of PICC Property and Casualty 
Company Limited (HKEx: 2328).

Jerry Juying Zhang has served as an independent director of our company since May 2011. Mr. Zhang has been a capital 

markets advisor to China XLX Fertilizer Ltd. and an independent director of Tahoe Life Insurance Company Limited since November 
2023. Previously, he was a managing director of China Orient Asset Management (International) in Hong Kong between March 2015 
and December 2022. He was a senior managing director of CITIC Capital Holdings Limited between June 2009 and December 2014. 
Prior to joining CITIC Capital Holdings Limited, Mr. Zhang was a managing director in the investment banking division of Deutsche 
Bank in Hong Kong from August 2006 to June 2009. He served as a managing director and the head of investment banking of CITIC 
Capital Markets Holdings Limited in Hong Kong from March 2003 to July 2006 and, prior to that time, as executive director in the 
communications, media and entertainment group of the investment banking department of Goldman Sachs in Hong Kong from April 
2001 to January 2003. Mr. Zhang held the positions of associate, vice president and director at Salomon Smith Barney from August 
1994 to March 2001. Prior to joining Salomon Smith Barney, he served as accounting manager for Town & Country Homes in 
Chicago from January 1990 to December 1993 and as accountant, audit senior and supervisor at Ernst & Young in Chicago and Hong 
Kong. Mr. Zhang held CPA qualifications in China and the State of Kentucky, both of which he has surrendered voluntarily. He holds 
a Doctor of Business Administration degree from City University of Hong Kong, an MBA from the University of Chicago, an MA in 
Accounting from the Ministry of Finance Graduate School in the PRC and a BA degree from Inner Mongolia University.

Edward (Xiaojing) Lu joined ifeng in 2009. Prior to the promotion, he has served in various managerial positions, including 

executive assistant to the Chief Executive Officer and Vice President in charge of strategic investment and human resources, assisting 
with the oversight and management of each of our business lines. He has accumulated extensive experience in capital raising and 
investment management, and participated in the planning and execution of our first-round of capital raise as well as our initial public 
offering. Prior to joining us, he was the director of business development at Ogilvy from 2007 to 2009. Prior to that, he worked in 
strategic partnership department at Baidu from 2006 to 2007. Edward received an MBA from INSEAD, and a bachelor's degree from 
Western University in Canada.

Chun Liu has served as our Senior Vice President since October 2018. Mr. Liu has participated in the production, distribution 
and monetization of numerous television programs in the past, including one of the most influential live television interview programs, 
A Date with Luyu (“￿豫有￿”), which has won multiple awards in the industry since its initial launch. During his tenure at Phoenix 
Satellite Television Holdings Ltd. between 2000 and 2011, Mr. Liu served as the Executive Director of Phoenix Chinese TV. Mr. 
Chun Liu holds a master’s degree from the Communication University of China.

B.

Compensation

For the year ended December 31, 2023, we paid an aggregate of approximately US$1.9 million in cash to our executive 

officers and directors.

110

Share Incentive Plans

In June 2008, we adopted the 2008 share option plan, in March 2011, we adopted the 2011 restricted share and restricted 

share unit plan, and in June 2018, we adopted the 2018 share option scheme, together, the share incentive plans, to attract and retain 
the best available personnel, provide additional incentives to our employees, directors and consultants, and promote the success of our 
business. The share incentive plans provide for the grant of options, restricted shares and restricted share units, collectively referred to 
as “awards”. We have already granted the full number of awards that were authorized under the 2011 restricted share and restricted 
share unit plan. In June and August 2012, June 2014 and October 2016, the shareholders of each of Phoenix TV and our company 
approved three refreshments of the total number of Class A ordinary shares, which may be issued upon exercise of all options to be 
granted under the 2008 share option plan (excluding awards previously granted, outstanding, cancelled, lapsed or exercised). In June 
2022, the shareholders of Phoenix TV and the board of our company approved the refreshment of the total number of Class A ordinary 
shares that may be issued upon exercise of all options to be granted under the 2018 share option plan, excluding previously granted, 
outstanding, cancelled, lapsed or exercised awards. As of March 31, 2024, no shares are available for grant of additional options under 
the 2008 share option plan, and a total of 26,593,526 Class A ordinary shares are available for grant of additional options under the 
2018 share option scheme. 

Plan Administration. Our compensation committee administers the share incentive plans and determines the participants to 

receive awards, the type and number of awards to be granted, the terms and conditions of each award grant.

Award Agreements. Awards granted under the share incentive plans are evidenced by an award agreement that sets forth the 

terms, conditions and limitations for each award, which may include the term of the award, the provisions applicable in the event of 
the grantee’s employment or service terminates, and our authority to unilaterally or bilaterally amend, modify, suspend, cancel or 
rescind the award.

Option Exercise. The term of awards granted under the share incentive plans may not exceed ten years from the date of grant.

Restricted Shares and Restricted Share Units. Restricted ordinary shares granted under the 2011 restricted share and 
restricted share unit plan and Fread 2018 RSU scheme are subject to applicable vesting, transfer, forfeiture and other restrictions as set 
forth in the plan and, as applicable, in the award agreements. Each restricted share unit is an unsecured promise of our company to 
issue and delivery one ordinary share, or Fread Limited to issue and delivery one or more of its ordinary shares, on a specified date, 
which unit is subject to applicable vesting, transfer, forfeiture and other restrictions as set forth in the plan and, as applicable, in the 
award agreements.

Transfer Restrictions. The right of a grantee in an award granted under the share incentive plans and Fread 2018 RSU 
scheme may not be transferred in any manner by the grantee other than by will or the laws of succession and, with limited exceptions, 
may be exercised during the lifetime of the grantee only by the grantee.

Acceleration upon a Takeover Offer. If a takeover offer for our company, or Fread Limited as applicable, becomes 
unconditional or is approved by the necessary number of shareholders, as the case may be, the vesting of the awards shall be 
accelerated.

Termination and Amendment. The board of directors of our company and Fread Limited have the authority to amend or 

terminate the share incentive plans and the Fread 2018 RSU scheme, respectively, subject to shareholder approval to the extent 
necessary to comply with applicable law. In addition, shareholders of our company and Fread Limited may, by ordinary resolution, 
terminate the share incentive plans and Fread 2018 RSU scheme, respectively, at any time.

Lapse of Awards. An award will lapse if the optionee ceases to be eligible by reasons of, among other things, (i) illness, 

injury, disability or death; (ii) retirement; (iii) voluntary resignation; (iv) termination of employment for serious misconduct; and (v) 
breach of contract.

We granted awards to our employees, directors and consultants under the share incentive plans in November 2008, July 2009, 

September 2009, January 2010, July 2010, March 2011, March 2013, May 2013, October 2013, December 2013, March 2014, June 
2014, July 2014, October 2014, July 2015, October 2016, September 2017, November 2017, January 2018, April 2018, July 2018, 
July 2019, July 2020, January 2021 and June 2021. As of December 31, 2023, Fread Limited granted 920,000 restricted share units to 
its employees and director under the Fread 2018 RSU scheme.

With the approvals of the board of directors and shareholders of us and Phoenix TV, we implemented an option exchange 

program from October 21, 2016 to November 1, 2016 whereby our directors, employees and consultants exchanged options to 
purchase 21,011,951 Class A ordinary shares granted under the 2008 share option plan with various exercise prices greater than 
US$0.4823 per share (or US$23.1504 per ADS, which already reflected the change of ADS ratio that took effect on May 23, 2022) for 

111

new options granted under the same plan with a new exercise price of US$0.4823 per share and a new vesting schedule that generally 
adds 12 months to each original vesting date, and the new options would vest no sooner than May 1, 2017.

As of March 31, 2024, options to purchase 24,067,223 Class A ordinary shares granted under the 2008 share option plan and 
the 2018 share option scheme were outstanding. The table below sets forth the awards that we granted to our directors and executive 
officers (including pursuant to the exchange program described above) and were outstanding as of March 31, 2024: 

Name
Xiaoyan Chi

Edward Lu

Chun Liu

Total

Class A
Ordinary Shares
Underlying
Outstanding
Awards

Exercise
Price or
Purchase Price
(US$/Share)

3,100,000 

US$0.4823 

US$0.4734
US$0.4149
US$0.4836
US$0.1925 
US$0.4836 
US$0.1925 
US$0.4836
US$0.1925

*

*
7,990,000 

Date of
Grant
October 21, 2016 

October 17, 2016
September 14, 2017
July 5, 2019
July 20,2020 
July 5, 2019 
July 20, 2020 
July 5, 2019
July 20, 2020

Date of
Expiration

July 10, 2024
July 15, 2025
October 16, 2026
September 13, 2027
July 4, 2029
July 19,2030
July 4, 2029
July 19, 2030
July 4, 2029
July 19, 2030

Note:
*          Less than 1% of our total outstanding Class A ordinary shares.

As of March 31, 2024, other employees and consultants in aggregate held awards entitling them to receive 16,077,223 Class 

A ordinary shares, with exercise prices ranging from US$0 to US$0.7867 per Class A ordinary share.  

C.

Board Practices

Board of Directors

Our board of directors currently consists of six directors. Our directors are elected by the holders of our ordinary shares, 

which will include holders of our Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares.

A director is not required to hold any shares in our company by way of qualification. Subject to any separate requirement for 

audit committee approval and unless disqualified by the chairman of the meeting, a director may vote with respect to any contract, 
proposed contract or arrangement in which he or she is interested provided they have disclosed such interest to the board. The board 
may exercise all the powers of our company to borrow money, mortgage its undertaking, property and uncalled capital, and issue 
debentures or other securities whenever money is borrowed or as security for any obligation of our company or of any third party.

Committees of the Board of Directors

We have established three committees under the board of directors: the audit committee, the compensation committee and the 

corporate governance and nominating committee. We have adopted a charter for each of the three committees. Each committee’s 
members and functions are described below.

Audit Committee. Our audit committee consists of Jerry Juying Zhang and Carson Wen. Our board of directors has 

determined that each of Jerry Juying Zhang and Carson Wen satisfies the “independence” requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 303A of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual, or the 
NYSE Manual. Jerry Juying Zhang is the chairman of our audit committee and meets the criteria of an audit committee financial 
expert as set forth under the applicable rules of the SEC. Our audit committee oversees our accounting and financial reporting 
processes and the audits of the financial statements of our company. The audit committee is responsible for, among other things:

•

•

•

selecting the independent auditors and pre-approving all auditing and non-auditing services permitted to be performed by 
the independent auditors;

reviewing with the independent auditors any audit problems or difficulties and management’s response;

reviewing and approving all proposed related party transactions, as defined in Item 404 of Regulation S-K under the 
Securities Act;

112

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
•

•

•

•

discussing the annual audited financial statements with management and the independent auditors;

reviewing major issues as to the adequacy of our internal controls and any special audit steps adopted in light of material 
control deficiencies; annually reviewing and reassessing the adequacy of our audit committee charter;

meeting separately and periodically with management and the independent auditors; and

reporting regularly to our board of directors.

Compensation Committee. Our compensation committee consists of Qi Li, Jerry Juying Zhang and Carson Wen. Our board of 
directors has determined that each of Jerry Juying Zhang and Carson Wen satisfies the “independence” requirements of Section 303A 
of the NYSE Manual. Qi Li is the chairman of our compensation committee. Our compensation committee assists the board in 
reviewing and approving the compensation structure, including all forms of compensation, relating to our directors and executive 
officers. The compensation committee is responsible for, among other things:

•

•

•

•

reviewing and recommending to the board with respect to the total compensation package for our four most senior 
executives;

approving and overseeing the total compensation package for our executives other than the four most senior executives;

reviewing and recommending to the board with respect to the compensation of our directors; and

reviewing periodically and approving any long-term incentive compensation or equity plans, programs or similar 
arrangements, annual bonuses, employee pension and welfare benefit plans.

Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee. Our corporate and nominating committee consists of Yusheng Sun, Ka 
Keung Yeung and Carson Wen. Our board of directors has determined that Carson Wen satisfies the “independence” requirements of 
Section 303A of the NYSE Manual. Yusheng Sun is the chairman of our corporate governance and nominating committee. Our 
corporate governance and nominating committee assists the board of directors in selecting individuals qualified to become our 
directors and in determining the composition of the board and its committees. The corporate governance and nominating committee is 
responsible for, among other things:

•

•

•

•

•

selecting and recommending to the board nominees for election or re-election to the board, or for appointment to fill any 
vacancy;

reviewing annually with the board the current composition of the board with regards to characteristics such as 
independence, age, skills, experience and availability of service to us;

selecting and recommending to the board the names of directors to serve as members of the audit committee and the 
compensation committee, as well as the corporate governance and nominating committee itself;

advising the board periodically with regards to significant developments in the law and practice of corporate governance 
as well as our compliance with applicable laws and regulations, and making recommendations to the board on all matters 
of corporate governance and on any remedial action to be taken; and

monitoring compliance with our code of business conduct and ethics, including reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness 
of our procedures to ensure proper compliance.

Duties of Directors

Under Cayman Islands law, our directors have a fiduciary duty to act honestly, in good faith and with a view to our best 
interests. Our directors also have a duty to exercise the skills they actually possess and such care and diligence that a reasonably 
prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. In fulfilling their duty of care to us, our directors must ensure 
compliance with our memorandum and articles of association, as amended and restated from time to time. Subject to laws, a 
shareholder has the right to seek damages if a duty owed by our directors is breached.

The functions and powers of our board of directors include, among others:

•

•

convening shareholders’ annual general meetings and reporting its work to shareholders at such meetings;

issuing authorized but unissued shares and redeem or purchase outstanding shares of our company;

113

•

•

•

•

declaring dividends and other distributions;

appointing officers and determining the term of office of officers;

exercising the borrowing powers of our company and mortgaging the property of our company; and

approving the transfer of shares of our company, including the registering of such shares in our share register.

Terms of Directors and Officers

Our officers are elected by and serve at the discretion of the board of directors. According to our second amended and restated 

articles of association, at each annual general meeting, one-third of the directors for the time being (or, if their number is not a 
multiple of three, the number nearest to but not greater than one-third) shall retire from office by rotation provided that the chairman 
of the board and/or the managing director of our company shall not, whilst holding such office, be subject to retirement by rotation or 
be taken into account in determining the number of directors to retire in each year. A retiring director shall be eligible for re-election. 
A director will be removed from office automatically if, among other things, the director (i) becomes bankrupt or makes any 
arrangement or compounds with his creditors; or (ii) dies or is found by our company to be or becomes of unsound mind. No benefits 
are payable to members of the board upon termination of their relationship with us.

D.

Employees

See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Employees.”

E.

Share Ownership

The following table sets forth information with respect to the beneficial ownership, within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 under 

the Exchange Act, of our ordinary shares, as of March 31, 2024:

•

•

each of our directors and executive officers; and

each person known to us to own beneficially more than 5% of each class of our ordinary shares.

The calculations in the tables below assume there are 259,191,877 Class A ordinary shares and 317,325,360 Class B ordinary 
shares, outstanding as of March 31, 2024. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 of the General Rules and 
Regulations under the Exchange Act. In computing the number of shares beneficially owned by a person and the percentage 
ownership of that person, we have included shares that the person has the right to acquire within 60 days of March 31, 2024, including 
through the exercise of any option, the vesting of any contingently issuable share, restricted share, restricted share unit or the 
conversion of any other security. These shares, however, are not included in the computation of the percentage ownership of any other 
person. 

Class A ordinary shares
Yusheng Sun
Qi Li
Ka Keung Yeung
Carson Wen
Jerry Juying Zhang
Xiaoyan Chi 
Edward Lu 
Chun Liu 
All Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (2)
Principal Shareholders:
FIL Limited (3)

Notes:

Class A Ordinary Shares
Beneficially Owned

Number

% (1)

—   
—   
*   
—   
—   
3,126,250   
*   
*   
8,059,508   

—
—
*
—
—
1.21
*
*
3.11

26,447,616   

10.20

*          Less than 1% of our total outstanding Class A ordinary shares.

(1) Percentages disclosed are with respect to Class A ordinary shares.

(2) Represents 8,059,508 Class A ordinary shares, including 152,008 Class A ordinary shares in the form of ADSs.

(3) Information is as of December 31, 2022, based on the Amendment No. 3 to Schedule 13G filed on February 9, 2023 by FIL 
Limited, and consists of 26,447,616 Class A ordinary shares in the form of 5,50,992 ADSs. The principal business office of 
FIL Limited is Pembroke Hall, 42 Crow Lane, Hamilton, Bermuda. 

114

 
 
 
 
   
   
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
Class B ordinary shares
Phoenix Satellite Television (B.V.I.) Holding Limited (2)

Notes:

Class B Ordinary Shares
Beneficially Owned

Number

% (1)

317,325,360

100.0 

(1) Percentages disclosed are with respect to Class B ordinary shares.

(2) Information based on the Schedule 13G filed on February 14, 2012 on behalf of Phoenix Satellite Television Holdings 

Limited and Phoenix Satellite Television (B.V.I.) Holding Limited. Represents 317,325,360 Class B ordinary shares. Phoenix 
Satellite Television (B.V.I.) Holding Limited is controlled by Phoenix Media Investment (Holdings) Limited, formerly 
known as Phoenix Satellite Television Holdings Limited, a public company listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. The 
registered office for Phoenix Media Investment (Holdings) Limited, is Cricket Square, Hutchins Drive, P.O. Box 2681, 
Grand Cayman KY1-1111, Cayman Islands.

As of March 31, 2024, 255,731,808 Class A ordinary shares or 98.7% of our outstanding Class A ordinary shares in the form 

of ADSs are held by one record holder in the United States, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Because many of these shares are held by 
brokers or other nominees, we cannot ascertain the exact number of beneficial shareholders with addresses in the United States.  

Holders of Class A ordinary shares are entitled to one vote per share, while the holder of Class B ordinary shares are entitled 

to 1.3 votes per share. Our major shareholders have the same voting rights as our other shareholders. We are not aware of any 
arrangement that may, at a subsequent date, result in a change of control of our company.

F.

Disclosure of a Registrant’s Action to Recover Erroneously Awarded Compensation

On November 23, 2023, our board of directors adopted an Incentive Compensation Clawback Policy, or the Clawback Policy, 

providing for the recoupment of certain incentive-based compensation from current and former executive officers of our company in 
the event we are required to restate any of our financial statements filed with the SEC under the Exchange Act in order to correct an 
error that is material to the previously-issued financial statements, or that would result in a material misstatement if the error were 
corrected in the current period or left uncorrected in the current period. Adoption of the Clawback Policy was mandated by new NYSE 
continued listing standards introduced pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 10D-1. The Clawback Policy is in addition to Section 304 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 which permits the SEC to order the disgorgement of bonuses and incentive-based compensation earned 
by a registrant issuer's chief executive officer and chief financial officer in the year following the filing of any financial statement that 
the issuer is required to restate because of misconduct, and the reimbursement of those funds to the issuer. A copy of the Clawback 
Policy has been filed herewith as Exhibit 97.1.

ITEM 7.             MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

A. Major Shareholders

See “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—E. Share Ownership”

B.

Related Party Transactions

Our subsidiaries, consolidated affiliated entities, and the subsidiaries of the consolidated affiliated entities have engaged, 

during the ordinary course of business, in a number of customary transactions with each other. All of these inter-company balances 
have been eliminated in consolidation. We also engage in transactions with related parties, including Phoenix TV, China Mobile, and 
certain investees. In accordance with our audit committee charter, all of our related party transactions required to be disclosed have 
been reviewed and approved by our audit committee.

Phoenix TV, through its wholly owned subsidiary, is our controlling shareholder, with beneficial ownership and voting power 
of 55.0% and 61.4%, respectively, of our outstanding ordinary shares as of March 31, 2024. Phoenix TV has the power acting alone to 
approve any action requiring a vote of the majority of our ordinary shares.

Transactions Related to Our Corporate Structure

To comply with the applicable PRC laws, rules and regulations, we conduct our operations in China through contractual 

arrangements between our wholly owned PRC subsidiaries, Fenghuang On-line and the VIEs. See “Item 4. Information on the 
Company—C. Organizational Structure—Contractual Arrangements with the VIEs.”

Agreements and Transactions with Phoenix TV and Certain of its Subsidiaries

115

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
Phoenix TV Cooperation Agreement and Phoenix TV Content License Agreements

Fenghuang On-line entered into a Content, Branding, Promotion and Technology Cooperation Agreement, or the Phoenix TV 

Cooperation Agreement, with Phoenix TV on November 24, 2009, certain terms of which were amended pursuant to a supplemental 
agreement entered into by the parties on March 28, 2011. Pursuant to the Phoenix TV Cooperation Agreement, Phoenix TV agreed to 
procure and procured its subsidiaries, Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited and Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark 
Limited, respectively, to enter into content license agreements, or the Content License Agreements, and trademark license agreements, 
or the Old Trademark License Agreements, with Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe. Fenghuang On-line agreed to provide Phoenix 
TV with our proprietary text, image, sound and video content. In addition, Fenghuang On-line and Phoenix TV agreed to promote one 
another’s brand and content on their respective new media and TV platforms. As compensation for the rights granted to Fenghuang 
On-line under the agreement, Fenghuang On-line is obligated to pay Phoenix TV an annual service fee in the amount of RMB1.6 
million for the first year of the agreement, which incrementally increases by 25% for each subsequent year of the agreement. The 
annual service payment to Phoenix TV under the Phoenix TV Cooperation Agreement for 2016 before expiration of the agreement 
was RMB2.5 million. Fenghuang On-line must also pay to Phoenix TV 50% of the after-tax revenues Tianying Jiuzhou earns from 
sublicensing Phoenix TV’s video content to third parties. In the event that Phoenix TV’s indirect voting interest in Fenghuang On-line 
falls to 50% or below, Phoenix TV has the right to amend the annual service fee, provided that it may not be raised to more than 500% 
of the original annual service fee. If Phoenix TV’s beneficial ownership stake in us decreases to 35% or below, Phoenix TV has the 
right to immediately terminate or renegotiate the Phoenix TV Cooperation Agreement.

Pursuant to the Phoenix TV Cooperation Agreement, Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe each entered into a Content 

License Agreement with Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited on November 24, 2009. Pursuant to the Content License 
Agreements, Phoenix TV granted each of Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe an exclusive license to use its copyrighted text, images, 
sound and videos on its Internet and mobile channels, as applicable, in China. Payments for the content license are made in accordance 
with the payment provisions set forth in the Phoenix TV Cooperation Agreement. The Content License Agreements can be terminated 
earlier (i) by the non-breaching party in the event of a breach and if the breach is not cured within ten business days after receipt of 
notice of breach from the non-breaching party, (ii) in the event of bankruptcy or the cessation of business operations of either party, or 
a change in the shareholder or equity structure of the relevant VIE, other than in connection with the contractual arrangements, (iii) if 
either party’s performance of its obligations is held unlawful under PRC law; or (iv) if an event occurs that adversely affects the 
performance of either party of its respective obligations and upon written notice by the unaffected party.

All of the above agreements expired on May 27, 2016 and were replaced by the Program License Agreements described 

below.

Program License Agreements

As the Phoenix TV Cooperation Agreement and Phoenix TV Content License Agreements expired in May 2016, Phoenix 

Satellite Television Company Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Phoenix TV, and each of Tianying Jiuzhou, Yifeng Lianhe, and 
Fengyu Network entered into a Program Resource License Agreements and a Program Text/Graphics Resource License Agreements, 
or the Program License Agreements, in May 2016. Under these agreements, Phoenix TV Group agreed to grant Tianying Jiuzhou, 
Yifeng Lianhe and Fengyu Network the license with priority over any third party to broadcast Phoenix TV Group’s copyrighted video 
content from three television channels of Phoenix TV Group on ifeng.com (our main Internet channel), i.ifeng.com (a mobile Internet 
channel of ours), and ifeng News, ifeng Video and ifeng VIP (three mobile applications of ours) in China concurrently with such 
content broadcasted on the three television channels of Phoenix TV Group, pursuant to the Program License Agreements; and Phoenix 
TV Group agreed to grant Tianying Jiuzhou, Yifeng Lianhe and Fengyu Network a non-exclusive license to use Phoenix TV Group’s 
copyrighted text and graphics on the same Internet and mobile channels for which Phoenix TV Group’s copyrighted video content 
license, above, was granted. The fees payable to Phoenix TV Group by us for all content licenses described above will be RMB10.0 
million for the first year of the agreements, which will incrementally increase by 15% for each subsequent year of the agreement. 
Unlike the previous agreements, the Program License Agreements do not grant us the right to sublicense Phoenix TV Group’s 
copyrighted content to third parties.

Each of the Program License Agreements has an initial term of three years and expired on May 26, 2019 and may be renewed 

on an annual basis thereafter upon agreement of both parties. Each of the parties to the Program License Agreements has the right to 
terminate the Program License Agreements before their expiration date by 6-month prior written notice to the other party. In addition, 
each of the Program License Agreements can be terminated earlier (i) by the non-breaching party in the event of a breach and if the 
breach is not cured within ten business days after receipt of notice of breach from the non-breaching party, (ii) in the event of 
bankruptcy or the cessation of business operations of either party, or a change in the shareholder or equity structure of Tianying 
Jiuzhou, Yifeng Lianhe or Fengyu Network, other than in connection with the contractual arrangements, (iii) by Phoenix Satellite 
Television Company Limited in the event that our shareholders or ownership structure change so that the shares held by Phoenix TV 
Group account for 50% or less of our actual total issued shares, or in the event that we lose control of Tianying Jiuzhou, Yifeng 
Lianhe or Fengyu Network; or if Tianying Jiuzhou, Yifeng Lianhe or Fengyu Network, as applicable, ceases business operation; (iv) if 

116

either party’s performance of its obligations is held unlawful under PRC law; or (v) if an event occurs that adversely affects the 
performance by either party of its obligations and upon written notice by the unaffected party. 

After the expiration of the Program License Agreements in May 2019, Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe each entered into 

a supplemental agreement with Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited to extend the term of the original Program License 
Agreements to January 14, 2020. Subsequently, Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe entered into a program resource license and 
cooperation agreement with Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited on January 15, 2020, or the 2020 Program Resource 
License and Cooperation Agreement, to continue to use Phoenix TV Group’s copyrighted video content. The annual license fees 
payable to Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited under the 2020 Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement are 
RMB2.0 million plus 50% of the revenue generated from the use of the licensed program resource in excess of RMB2.0 million. The 
2020 Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement have a term of two years and may be extended prior to expiration. On 
August 24, 2021, Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe terminated the 2020 Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement 
and Tianying Jiuzhou entered into a new program resource license and cooperation agreement with Phoenix Satellite Television 
Holdings Limited, or the 2021 Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement. According to the 2021 Program Resource 
License and Cooperation Agreement, Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited grants Tianying Jiuzhou exclusive right to 
broadcast copyrighted video content and the derived audio content from three television channels of Phoenix TV Group on the internet 
in Mainland China with such content also broadcasted on the three television channels of Phoenix TV Group. Phoenix TV also grants 
the Tianying Jiuzhou the right to sublicense such contents. The annual fees payable to Phoenix TV by us for such content licenses will 
be RMB45.0 million and the 2021 Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement has a term of three years.

Phoenix TV Trademark License Agreements

Pursuant to the Phoenix TV Cooperation Agreement, Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe each entered into the Old 

Trademark License Agreement with Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited on November 24, 2009. Pursuant to the Old 
Trademark License Agreements, Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited granted Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe non-
exclusive rights to use certain of its logos for the purpose of conducting Tianying Jiuzhou’s and Yifeng Lianhe’s respective 
businesses. Tianying Jiuzhou may sub-license such trademarks to China Mobile, pursuant to the China Mobile Cooperation 
Agreement, as described below. Tianying Jiuzhou is obligated to pay Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited an annual 
license fee of US$7,000, while Yifeng Lianhe is obligated to pay Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited an annual license 
fee of US$3,000, under the respective Old Trademark License Agreement. Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited may in its 
discretion waive such license fees.

On December 8, 2017, Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe each entered into a new trademark license agreement, or the New 

Trademark License Agreements, with Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited to replace the Old Trademark License 
Agreements. Under the New Trademark License Agreements, Phoenix Satellite Television Holdings Limited agreed to continue to 
license to Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe certain trademarks containing the double-phoenix logo and the Chinese or English 
words of “Phoenix New Media” or “ifeng” for an initial term of three years, while Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe are not 
allowed to use the double-phoenix logo on a stand-alone basis. Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe are also granted a one-year 
license to continue to use the current marks of our two mobile applications which contain the Chinese words of “Phoenix News” and 
“Phoenix Video” which will be automatically renewed upon its expiration unless Phoenix TV raises any objection. The annual license 
fee payable to Phoenix Satellite Television Holdings Limited by each of Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe will be the greater of 
2% of the annual revenues of Tianying Jiuzhou or Yifeng Lianhe (as the case may be) or US$100,000 for each company, while the 
annual fee under the Old Trademark License Agreements was US$10,000 in aggregate. On December 8, 2020, Tianying Jiuzhou and 
Yifeng Lianhe each entered into an amendment to the New Trademark License Agreements, with Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited to renew such trademark license agreements. On December 8, 2023, Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe each 
entered into another amendment to the New Trademark License Agreements with Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited to 
renew such trademark license agreements.

Transactions with Phoenix TV and Certain of its Subsidiaries 

Costs for content provided to us by Phoenix TV Group were RMB17.3 million, RMB45.0 million and RMB45.0 million 

(US$6.3 million) in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. We were charged by Phoenix TV Group for advertising and promotion 
expenses of RMB2.5 million, RMB1.2 million and RMB4.3 million (US$0.6 million) in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. We were 
charged corporate administrative expenses by Phoenix TV Group in the total amounts of RMB1.1 million, RMB1.1 million and 
RMB0.9 million (US$0.1 million) in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. We were charged Trademark license fee by Phoenix TV 
Group with the total amounts of RMB4.3 million, RMB3.8 million and RMB5.5 million (US$0.8 million) in 2021, 2022 and 2023, 
respectively. 

We also earned and recorded advertising revenues from Phoenix TV Group by providing joint advertising campaign solutions 

together with Phoenix TV Group to Phoenix TV Group’s advertisers or to our advertisers, or from providing the advertising and 

117

promotion services directly to Phoenix TV Group by entering into advertising-for-advertising barter transactions, from which we 
earned revenues of RMB12.4 million, RMB13.7 million and RMB4.4 million (US$0.6 million) in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, we had amounts due from Phoenix TV Group with the amounts of RMB40.5 million and 

RMB53.6 million (US$7.6 million), respectively, and accounts due to Phoenix TV Group with the amounts of RMB62.7 million and 
RMB20.8 million (US$2.9 million), respectively.

Cooperation Agreement with China Mobile 

China Mobile is a shareholder of our parent company, Phoenix TV. As of March 31, 2024, China Mobile held 19.7% of the 

outstanding shares of Phoenix TV.

We obtained revenues for our paid services through China Mobile of RMB29.8 million, RMB23.3 million and 
RMB17.9 million (US$2.5 million) in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. We earned revenues from China Mobile for advertising 
services RMB17.5 million, RMB3.2 million and RMB4.9 million (US$0.7 million) in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. We incurred 
revenue sharing and bandwidth costs in connection with MVAS provided through China Mobile’s platforms in the amounts of 
RMB6.6 million, RMB5.0 million and RMB3.3 million (US$0.5 million) in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, we had amounts due from China Mobile with the amounts of RMB5.6 million and 

RMB3.8 million (US$0.5 million), respectively, and we did not have any accounts due to China Mobile as of the same dates.

Other Transactions with Certain Directors and Affiliates

See “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—B. Compensation of Directors, Supervisors and Executive 

Directors.”

Share Incentive Plans

See “Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees—B. Compensation of Directors, Supervisors and Executive 

Directors—Share Incentive Plans.”

C.

Interests of Experts and Counsel

Not applicable.

ITEM 8.             FINANCIAL INFORMATION

A.

Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information

Please refer to Item 18 for a list of our annual consolidated financial statements filed as part of this annual report on Form 20-

F.

Legal Proceedings

See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Legal and Administrative Proceedings.”

Dividend Policy and Distributions

Our board of directors has complete discretion as to whether to distribute dividends. Even if our board of directors decides to 
pay dividends, the form, frequency and amount will depend upon our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, 
general financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.

On November 14, 2019, our board of directors declared a special cash dividend of US$0.1714 per ordinary share, equivalent 
to US$8.2272 per ADS, totaling approximately US$100 million. The special dividend was paid on December 13, 2019 to holders of 
record of our ordinary shares at the close of business on November 29, 2019. On November 19, 2020, our board of directors declared 
a special cash dividend of US$0.1714 per ordinary share, equivalent to US$8.2272 per ADS, totaling approximately US$100 million. 
The special dividend was paid on December 22, 2020 to holders of record of our ordinary shares at the close of business on December 
4, 2020.

We are a holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands. We may rely on dividends from our subsidiaries in China, 
which in turn relies on the payments received from the VIEs in China pursuant to the contractual arrangements that established our 

118

corporate structure. Current PRC laws, rules and regulations permit our PRC subsidiaries to pay dividends to us only out of its 
accumulated profits, if any, determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. In addition, our subsidiaries in 
China are required to set aside a certain amount of their accumulated after-tax profits each year to fund statutory reserves. These 
reserves may not be distributed as cash dividends. Further, if our subsidiaries in China incur debt on its own behalf, the instruments 
governing the debt may restrict its ability to pay dividends or make other payments to us.

If we pay any dividends, we will pay our ADS holders to the same extent as holders of our Class A ordinary shares, subject to 
the terms of the deposit agreement, including the fees and expenses payable thereunder. Cash dividends on our ordinary shares, if any, 
will be paid in U.S. dollars.

B.

Significant Changes

We have not experienced any significant changes since the date of our audited consolidated financial statements included in 

this annual report.

ITEM 9.             THE OFFER AND LISTING

A. Offer and Listing Details

Our ADSs have been listed on the New York Stock Exchange since May 12, 2011 under the symbol “FENG.” On May 23, 
2022, we effected a change of the ratio of our ADSs to Class A ordinary shares from the then ADS ratio of one (1) ADS to eight (8) 
Class A ordinary shares to a new ADS ratio of one (1) ADS to forty-eight (48) Class A ordinary shares.

B.

Plan of Distribution

Not applicable.

C. Markets

Our ADSs have been trading on the New York Stock Exchange since May 12, 2011 under the symbol “FENG.” On May 23, 
2022, we effected a change of the ratio of our ADSs to Class A ordinary shares from the then ADS ratio of one (1) ADS to eight (8) 
Class A ordinary shares to a new ADS ratio of one (1) ADS to forty-eight (48) Class A ordinary shares.

D.

Selling Shareholders

Not applicable.

E.

Dilution

Not applicable.

F.

Expenses of the Issue

Not applicable.

ITEM 10.           ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

A.

Share Capital

Not applicable.

B. Memorandum and Articles of Association

We incorporate by reference into this annual report the description of our amended and restated memorandum of association 

and second amended and restated articles of association contained in our Form F-1 registration statement (File No. 333-173666), as 
amended, initially filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on April 21, 2011. Our shareholders adopted 
our amended and restated memorandum of association and second amended and restated articles of association on April 21, 2011. 

C. Material Contracts

In the past three fiscal years, we have not entered into any material contracts other than in the ordinary course of business or 

other than those described elsewhere in this annual report.

119

D.

Exchange Controls

See “Item 4. Information on the Company—B. Business Overview—Regulatory Matters—Regulation of Foreign Exchange 

Administration.”

E.

Taxation

Cayman Islands Taxation

Pursuant to section 6 of the Tax Concessions Act (1999 Revision) of the Cayman Islands, our company has obtained an 

undertaking from the Governor-in-Cabinet (1) that no law which is enacted in the Cayman Islands imposing any tax to be levied on 
profits, income, gains or appreciation shall apply to our company or its operations; and (2) that the aforesaid tax or any tax in the 
nature of estate duty or inheritance tax shall not be payable on or in respect of the shares, debentures or other obligations of our 
company. The undertaking for our company is for a period of twenty years from December 4, 2007.

The Cayman Islands currently levy no taxes on individuals or corporations based upon profits, income, gains or appreciations 

and there is no taxation in the nature of inheritance tax or estate duty. There are no other taxes likely to be material to our company 
levied by the Government of the Cayman Islands save for certain stamp duties which may be applicable, from time to time, on certain 
instruments executed in or brought within the jurisdiction of the Cayman Islands. The Cayman Islands are a party to a double tax 
treaty entered into with the United Kingdom in 2010 but otherwise is not party to any double tax treaties.

No stamp duty is payable in the Cayman Islands on transfers of shares of Cayman Islands companies except those which hold 

interests in land in the Cayman Islands.

An exempted company shall make available at its registered office, in electronic form or any other medium, such register of 

members, including any branch register of members, as may be required of it upon service of an order or notice by the Tax 
Information Authority pursuant to the Tax Information Authority Act of the Cayman Islands.

People’s Republic of China Taxation

The CIT Law provides that enterprises established outside of China whose “de facto management bodies” are located in 

China are considered “resident enterprises” of China. Under the implementation regulations for the CIT Law issued by the PRC State 
Council, “de facto management body” is defined as a body that has material and overall management and control over the 
manufacturing and business operations, personnel and human resources, finances and treasury, and acquisition and disposal of 
properties and other assets of an enterprise. Despite the present uncertainties as a result of limited guidance from PRC tax authorities 
on the issue, we do not believe that our legal entities organized outside of the PRC should be treated as residents under the CIT Law.

Under the CIT Law and implementation regulations issued by the State Council, PRC withholding tax at the rate of 10% is 

applicable to dividends payable to investors that are “non-resident enterprises”, which do not have an establishment or place of 
business in the PRC, or which have such establishment or place of business but the relevant income is not effectively connected with 
the establishment or place of business, to the extent such dividends have their sources within the PRC. Similarly, any gain realized on 
the transfer of ADSs or shares by such investors is also subject to 10% PRC income tax if such gain is regarded as income derived 
from sources within the PRC. The implementation regulations of the CIT Law set forth that, (i) if the enterprise that distributes 
dividends is domiciled in the PRC, or (ii) if gains are realized from transferring equity interest of enterprises domiciled in the PRC, 
then such dividends or capital gains are treated as China-sourced income. It is not clear how “domicile” may be interpreted under the 
CIT Law, and it may be interpreted as the jurisdiction where the enterprise is a tax resident. Therefore, if we are considered a PRC 
“resident enterprise”, dividends we pay to our non-PRC enterprise investors with respect to our Class A ordinary shares or ADSs, or 
the gain our non-PRC enterprise investors may realize from the transfer of our Class A ordinary shares or ADSs, may be treated as 
income derived from sources within the PRC and be subject to PRC tax. In addition, it is unclear whether our non-PRC individual 
investors would be subject to any PRC tax in the event we are deemed a “PRC resident enterprise”. If any PRC tax were to apply to 
such dividends or gains of non-PRC individual investors, it would generally apply at a tax rate of 20%. Furthermore, it is unclear 
whether, if we are considered a PRC “resident enterprise”, holders of our Class A ordinary shares or ADSs might be able to claim the 
benefit of income tax treaties entered into between China and other countries or regions.

Material United States Federal Income Tax Consequences

The following summary describes material United States federal income tax consequences of the ownership and disposition 

of our ADSs and Class A ordinary shares. The discussion is applicable only to United States Holders (as defined below) who hold our 
ADSs or Class A ordinary shares as capital assets (generally, property held for investment) under the United States Internal Revenue 
Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As used herein, the term “United States Holder” means a beneficial owner of an ADS or 
Class A ordinary share that is for United States federal income tax purposes:

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•

•

•

•

an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;

a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for United States federal income tax purposes) created or organized 
in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

an estate the income of which is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

a trust if it (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more United States 
persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust, or (2) has a valid election in effect under 
applicable United States Treasury regulations to be treated as a United States person.

This summary does not purport to be a detailed description of the United States federal income tax consequences applicable to 

you if you are a person subject to special treatment under the United States federal income tax laws, such as:

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

a dealer in securities or currencies;

a financial institution;

a regulated investment company;

a real estate investment trust;

an insurance company;

a tax-exempt organization;

a person holding our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares as part of a hedging, integrated or conversion transaction, a 
constructive sale or a straddle;

a trader in securities that has elected the mark-to-market method of accounting for your securities;

a person liable for alternative minimum tax;

a person who owns or is deemed to own 10% or more of our stock (by vote or value);

a partnership or other pass-through entity for United States federal income tax purposes; 

a person required to accelerate the recognition of any item of gross income with respect to our ADSs or Class A ordinary 
shares as a result of such income being recognized on an applicable financial statement; or

a person whose “functional currency” is not the U.S. dollar.

The discussion below is based upon the provisions of the Code, United States Treasury regulations, rulings and judicial 

decisions thereunder and the income tax treaty between the United States and the PRC (the “Treaty”), all as of the date hereof. Such 
authorities may be replaced, revoked or modified so as to result in United States federal income tax consequences different from those 
discussed below. In addition, this summary assumes that the deposit agreement, and all other related agreements, will be performed in 
accordance with their terms.

This discussion does not consider the tax treatment of partnerships or other pass-through entities that hold our ADSs or Class 
A ordinary shares, or of persons who hold our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares through such entities. If a partnership (or other entity 
or arrangement treated as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes) holds ADSs or Class A ordinary shares, the tax 
treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partnership 
or a partner of a partnership holding our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares, you should consult your tax advisors.

As discussed below under “—Passive Foreign Investment Company,” we believe we were a PFIC for 2023, and that there is a 

material risk that we may be classified as a PFIC for the current and future taxable years. Accordingly, you are urged to review the 
discussion below under “—Passive Foreign Investment Company,” and to consult your own tax advisors regarding the tax 
consequences to you if we are classified as a PFIC in any taxable year.

This summary does not contain a detailed description of all the United States federal income tax consequences to you in light 
of your particular circumstances and does not address the Medicare tax on net investment income, United States federal estate and gift 
taxes or the effects of any state, local or non-United States tax laws.

If you are considering the purchase of our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares, you should consult your own tax advisors concerning 
the United States federal income tax consequences to you in light of your particular situation as well as any consequences arising 
under other United States federal tax laws and the laws of any other taxing jurisdiction.

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ADSs

If you hold ADSs, for United States federal income tax purposes, you generally will be treated as the owner of the underlying 
Class A ordinary shares that are represented by such ADSs. Accordingly, deposits or withdrawals of Class A ordinary shares for ADSs 
will not be subject to United States federal income tax.

Taxation of Dividends

Subject to the rules discussed under “—Passive Foreign Investment Company” below, the gross amount of distributions with 
respect to our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares (including any amounts withheld to reflect PRC withholding taxes) will be taxable as 
dividends, to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under United States federal income 
tax principles. Such income (including withheld taxes) will be includable in your gross income as dividend income on the day actually 
or constructively received by you, in the case of the Class A ordinary shares, or by the depositary, in the case of ADSs. Such dividends 
will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction generally allowed to corporations under the Code.

Subject to applicable limitations (including a minimum holding period requirement), dividends received by non-corporate 
United States Holders from a qualified foreign corporation may be treated as “qualified dividend income” that is subject to reduced 
rates of taxation. Subject to the PFIC discussion below, a non-United States corporation is treated as a qualified foreign corporation 
with respect to dividends paid by that corporation on shares (or ADSs backed by such shares) that are readily tradable on an 
established securities market in the United States. U.S. Treasury Department guidance indicates that our ADSs (which are listed on the 
New York Stock Exchange), but not our Class A ordinary shares, are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United 
States. Thus, we believe that dividends we pay on our Class A ordinary shares that are not represented by ADSs will not be eligible for 
the reduced tax rates. There also can be no assurance that our ADSs will be considered readily tradable on an established securities 
market in the United States in later years. Subject to the PFIC discussion below, a qualified foreign corporation also includes a foreign 
corporation that is eligible for the benefits of certain income tax treaties with the United States. In the event that we are deemed to be a 
PRC “resident enterprise” under the PRC tax law (see discussion under “Item 10. Additional Information—E. Taxation—People’s 
Republic of China Taxation”), we may be eligible for the benefits of the Treaty, and if we are eligible for such benefits, dividends we 
pay on our Class A ordinary shares, regardless of whether such shares are represented by ADSs, would be potentially eligible for the 
reduced rates of taxation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, however, non-corporate United States Holders will not be eligible for 
reduced rates of taxation on any dividends received from us if we are a PFIC in the taxable year in which such dividends are paid or in 
the preceding taxable year. As discussed below under “—Passive Foreign Investment Company,” we believe we were a PFIC for 
2023, and that there is a material risk that we may be classified as a PFIC for the current and future taxable years. Therefore, if you are 
a non-corporate United States Holder, you should not assume that any dividends will be taxed at a reduced rate. You should consult 
your own tax advisors regarding the application of these rules given your particular circumstances.

In the event that we are deemed to be a PRC “resident enterprise” under the PRC tax law, you may be subject to PRC 

withholding taxes on dividends paid to you with respect to the ADSs or Class A ordinary shares. In that case, however, you may be 
able to obtain a reduced rate of PRC withholding taxes under the Treaty if certain requirements are met. In addition, subject to certain 
conditions and limitations (including a minimum holding period requirement), PRC withholding taxes on dividends, if any, may be 
treated as foreign taxes eligible for credit against your United States federal income tax liability. For purposes of calculating the 
foreign tax credit, dividends paid to you with respect to our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares will be treated as income from sources 
outside the United States and will generally constitute passive category income. However, if you are eligible for Treaty benefits, any 
PRC withholding taxes on dividends will not be creditable against your United States federal income tax liability to the extent 
withheld at a rate exceeding the applicable Treaty rate. In addition, Treasury regulations addressing foreign tax credits (the “Foreign 
Tax Credit Regulations”) impose additional requirements for foreign taxes to be eligible for a foreign tax credit, and unless you are 
eligible for and elect to claim the benefits of the Treaty, there can be no assurance that those requirements will be satisfied. The 
Department of the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) are considering proposing amendments to the Foreign Tax 
Credit Regulations. In addition, recent notices from the IRS provide temporary relief by allowing taxpayers that comply with 
applicable requirements to apply many aspects of the foreign tax credit regulations as they previously existed (before the release of the 
current Foreign Tax Credit Regulations) for taxable years ending before the date that a notice or other guidance withdrawing or 
modifying the temporary relief is issued (or any later date specified in such notice or other guidance). Instead of claiming a foreign tax 
credit, you may be able to deduct PRC withholding taxes in computing your taxable income, subject to generally applicable 
limitations under United States law (including that a United States Holder is not eligible for a deduction for otherwise creditable 
foreign income taxes paid or accrued in a taxable year if such United States Holder claims a foreign tax credit for any foreign income 
taxes paid or accrued in the same taxable year). The rules governing the foreign tax credit and deductions for foreign taxes are 
complex. You are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the Foreign Tax Credit Regulations (and the related temporary relief in 
the IRS notices) and the availability of a foreign tax credit or a deduction under your particular circumstances.  

To the extent that the amount of any distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits for a taxable year, 

as determined under United States federal income tax principles, the distribution will be treated first as a tax-free return of your tax 

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basis in our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares held by you, and to the extent the amount of the distribution exceeds your tax basis, the 
excess will be taxed as capital gain recognized on a sale or exchange. We do not expect to keep earnings and profits in accordance 
with United States federal income tax principles. Therefore, you should expect that a distribution will generally be reported as a 
dividend (as discussed above).

Distributions of ADSs, Class A ordinary shares or rights to subscribe for ADSs or Class A ordinary shares that are received as 

part of a pro rata distribution to all of our shareholders generally will not be subject to United States federal income tax.

Passive Foreign Investment Company

Based upon the past and projected composition of our income and assets, and the valuation of our assets, we believe we were 

a PFIC for 2023, and that there is a material risk that we may be classified as a PFIC for the current and future taxable years.

In general, we will be a PFIC for any taxable year in which:

at least 75% of our gross income is passive income, or

at least 50% of the value (generally determined based on a quarterly average) of our assets is attributable to assets that 
produce or are held for the production of passive income.

•

•

For this purpose, passive income generally includes dividends, interest, royalties and rents (other than royalties and rents 

derived in the active conduct of a trade or business and not derived from a related person). Cash is generally treated as an asset that 
produces or is held for the production of passive income. If we own at least 25% (by value) of the stock of another corporation, we 
will be treated, for purposes of the PFIC tests, as owning our proportionate share of the other corporation’s assets and receiving our 
proportionate share of the other corporation’s income. However, it is not entirely clear how the contractual arrangements between us 
and the VIEs will be treated for purposes of the PFIC rules. If it is determined that we do not own the stock of the VIEs for United 
States federal income tax purposes (for instance, because the relevant PRC authorities do not respect these arrangements), we are more 
likely to be treated as a PFIC.

The determination of whether we are a PFIC is made on an annual basis and will depend on the composition of our income 

and assets and the value of our assets from time to time. Accordingly, it is possible that our status as a PFIC may change in any future 
taxable year due to changes in our asset or income composition. In addition, the calculation of the value of our assets will be based, in 
part, on the quarterly market value of our ADSs, which is subject to change.

Because the determination of whether we are a PFIC involves extensive factual investigation and cannot be completed until 

the close of a taxable year, there can be no assurance we will not be a PFIC for any future year.

If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares, you will be subject to 

special tax rules discussed below for that year and for each subsequent year in which you hold the ADSs or Class A ordinary shares 
(even if we do not qualify as a PFIC in such subsequent years). However, if we cease to be a PFIC, you can avoid the continuing 
impact of the PFIC rules by making a special election (a “Purging Election”) to recognize gain in the manner described below as if 
your ADSs or Class A ordinary shares had been sold on the last day of the last taxable year during which we were a PFIC. In addition, 
a new holding period would be deemed to begin for your ADSs or Class A ordinary shares for purposes of the PFIC rules. After the 
Purging Election, your ADSs or Class A ordinary shares with respect to which the Purging Election was made will not be treated as 
shares in a PFIC unless we subsequently become a PFIC. You are urged to consult your own tax advisor about the availability of this 
election, and whether making the election would be advisable in your particular circumstances.

If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares and you do not make a 

timely mark-to-market election, as described below, you will be subject to special tax rules with respect to any “excess distribution” 
received and any gain realized from a sale or other disposition, including a pledge, of our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares. 
Distributions received in a taxable year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions received during the shorter of 
the three preceding taxable years or your holding period for our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares will be treated as excess 
distributions. Under these special tax rules:

•

•

•

the excess distribution or gain will be allocated ratably over your holding period for our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares,

the amount allocated to the current taxable year, and any taxable year prior to the first taxable year in which we were a 
PFIC, will be treated as ordinary income, and

the amount allocated to each other year will be subject to tax at the highest tax rate in effect for that year for individuals or 
corporations, as applicable, and the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed on the 
resulting tax attributable to each such year.

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In addition, non-corporate United States Holders will not be eligible for reduced rates of taxation on any dividends received 
from us (as described above under “—Taxation of Dividends”) if we are a PFIC in the taxable year in which such dividends are paid 
or in the preceding taxable year. You will generally be required to file IRS Form 8621 if you hold our ADSs or Class A ordinary 
shares in any year in which we are classified as a PFIC.

If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares and any of our non-United 

States subsidiaries is also a PFIC or we otherwise hold an investment in a non-United States corporation that is treated as an equity 
interest in a PFIC (any such PFIC, a “lower-tier PFIC”), a United States Holder would be treated as owning a proportionate amount 
(by value) of the shares of the lower-tier PFIC for purposes of the application of these rules. You are urged to consult your tax 
advisors about the application of the PFIC rules to any lower-tier PFIC.

In certain circumstances, in lieu of being subject to the excess distribution rules discussed above, you may make an election to 

include gain on the stock of a PFIC as ordinary income under a mark-to-market method, provided that such stock is regularly traded 
on a qualified exchange. Under current law, the mark-to-market election may be available to holders of our ADSs because they are 
listed on the New York Stock Exchange, which constitutes a qualified exchange, although there can be no assurance that our ADSs 
will be “regularly traded” for purposes of the mark-to-market election. It should also be noted that only our ADSs and not our Class A 
ordinary shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Consequently, if you are a holder of our Class A ordinary shares that are 
not represented by ADSs, you generally will not be eligible to make a mark-to-market election if we are a PFIC.

If you make an effective mark-to-market election, you will include in each taxable year that we are a PFIC, as ordinary 

income, the excess of the fair market value of our ADSs held by you at the end of the year over your adjusted tax basis in our ADSs. 
You will be entitled to deduct as an ordinary loss in each such year the excess of your adjusted tax basis in our ADSs over their fair 
market value at the end of the year, but only to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-
market election. If you make an effective mark-to-market election, in each year that we are a PFIC, (i) any gain you recognize upon 
the sale or other disposition of our ADSs will be treated as ordinary income and (ii) any loss will be treated as ordinary loss, but only 
to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election.

Your adjusted tax basis in our ADSs will be increased by the amount of any income inclusion and decreased by the amount of 

any deductions under the mark-to-market rules. If you make a mark-to-market election, it will be effective for the taxable year for 
which the election is made and all subsequent taxable years, unless our ADSs are no longer regularly traded on a qualified exchange 
or the IRS consents to the revocation of the election. Because a mark-to-market election cannot be made for any lower-tier PFICs that 
we may own, a United States Holder may continue to be subject to the general PFIC rules discussed above with respect to such United 
States Holder’s indirect interest in any lower-tier PFIC.

You are urged to consult your tax advisor about the availability of the mark-to-market election, and whether making the 

election would be advisable in your particular circumstances.

Alternatively, you can sometimes avoid the rules described above with respect to the stock you own in a PFIC by electing to 

treat such PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” under Section 1295 of the Code. However, this option is not available to you because we 
do not intend to comply with the requirements necessary to permit you to make this election. You are urged to consult your tax 
advisors concerning the United States federal income tax consequences of holding our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares if we are 
considered a PFIC in any taxable year.

Taxation of Gains

For United States federal income tax purposes, you will recognize taxable gain or loss on any sale, exchange or other taxable 
disposition of our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized for our ADSs or 
Class A ordinary shares and your tax basis in such ADSs or Class A ordinary shares, both determined in U.S. dollars. Subject to the 
discussion under “—Passive Foreign Investment Company” above, such gain or loss will generally be capital gain or loss. Capital 
gains of non-corporate United States Holders (including individuals) derived with respect to capital assets held for more than one year 
are eligible for reduced rates of taxation. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Any gain or loss recognized by 
you will generally be treated as United States source gain or loss. However, in the event that we are deemed to be a PRC “resident 
enterprise” under the PRC tax law and PRC tax is imposed on any gain from the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of our 
ADSs or Class A ordinary shares, a United States Holder eligible for the benefits of the Treaty may be able to elect to treat such gain 
as PRC-source income. If you are not eligible for the benefits of the Treaty or if you fail to make the election to treat any gain as PRC-
source income, then you generally would not be able to use a foreign tax credit for any PRC tax imposed on the disposition of our 
ADSs or Class A ordinary shares unless such credit can be applied (subject to applicable limitations) against tax due on other income 
treated as derived from foreign sources. However, pursuant to the Foreign Tax Credit Regulations, if you do not claim the benefits of 
the Treaty, any such PRC tax would generally not be a foreign income tax eligible for a foreign tax credit (regardless of any other 
income that you may have that is derived from foreign sources). In such case, the non-creditable PRC tax may reduce the amount 
realized on the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of the ADSs or Class A ordinary shares. As discussed above, however, 

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recent notices from the IRS provide temporary relief by allowing taxpayers that comply with applicable requirements to apply many 
aspects of the foreign tax credit regulations as they previously existed (before the release of the current Foreign Tax Credit 
Regulations) for taxable years ending before the date that a notice or other guidance withdrawing or modifying the temporary relief is 
issued (or any later date specified in such notice or other guidance). If any PRC tax is imposed on the sale, exchange or other taxable 
disposition of the ADSs or Class A ordinary shares and you apply such temporary relief, such PRC tax may be eligible for a foreign 
tax credit or deduction, subject to the applicable conditions and limitations. You are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the 
tax consequences if any PRC tax is imposed on a disposition of our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares, including the effect of the 
Foreign Tax Credit Regulations (and the related temporary relief in the IRS notices) and the availability of the foreign tax credit or a 
deduction and the election to treat any gain as PRC-source income, under your particular circumstances.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

Certain United States Holders may be required to submit to the IRS certain information with respect to their beneficial 
ownership of our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares, unless such ADSs or Class A ordinary shares are held on their behalf by a United 
States financial institution. Penalties may be imposed if a United States Holder is required to submit such information to the IRS and 
fails to do so.

Moreover, information reporting will apply to dividends in respect of our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares and the proceeds 
from the sale, exchange or other disposition of our ADSs or Class A ordinary shares that are paid to you within the United States (and 
in certain cases, outside the United States), unless you establish that you are an exempt recipient. Backup withholding may apply to 
such payments if you fail to provide a taxpayer identification number and a certification that you are not subject to backup 
withholding or if you fail to report in full dividend and interest income.

Backup withholding is not a tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules will be allowed as a refund or a 

credit against your United States federal income tax liability provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS. You 
should consult your tax advisors regarding the application of the United States information reporting and backup withholding rules to 
your particular circumstances.

F.

Dividends and Paying Agents

On November 19, 2020, our board of directors declared a special cash dividend of US$0.1714 per ordinary share, equivalent 
to US$8.2272 per ADS, totaling approximately US$100 million. The special dividend was payable on December 22, 2020 to holders 
of record of our ordinary shares at the close of business on December 4, 2020. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., or JP Morgan, as 
depositary of the ADSs, paid a cash distribution of US$8.1072 per ADS to our ADS holders of record at the close of business on 
December 4, 2020 after receipt of cash dividends on our ordinary shares and deduction of its fees and expenses. JP Morgan paid the 
cash distribution to our ADS holders on December 22, 2020. Each price per ADS above has reflected the change of ADS ratio that 
took effect on May 23, 2022.

G.

Statement by Experts

Not applicable.

H. Documents on Display

We have filed this annual report on Form 20-F, including exhibits, with the SEC. As allowed by the SEC, in Item 19 of this 

annual report, we incorporate by reference certain information we filed with the SEC. This means that we can disclose important 
information to you by referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is 
considered to be part of this annual report.

You may read and copy this annual report, including the exhibits incorporated by reference in this annual report, at the SEC’s 

Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549 and at the SEC’s regional offices in New York, New York, 
and Chicago, Illinois. You can also request copies of this annual report, including the exhibits incorporated by reference in this annual 
report, upon payment of a duplicating fee, by writing to the SEC’s Public Reference Room for information.

The SEC also maintains a website that contains reports, proxy statements and other information about issuers, such as us, who 

file electronically with the SEC. The address of that websites is http://www.sec.gov. The information on that websites is not a part of 
this annual report.

I.

Subsidiary Information

Not applicable.

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ITEM 11.           QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Concentration risk

We have no customers with revenues or accounts receivable accounting for over 10% of our total revenues or total account 

receivables, net and due from related parties, respectively.

Credit risk

Our credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents, term deposits and short-term investments and restricted cash, as well as 

credit exposures to receivables due from our customers, related parties and other parties and available-for-sale debt securities.

We believe that there is no significant credit risk associated with cash and cash equivalents, term deposits and short-term 
investments and restricted cash which were held by reputable financial institutions in the jurisdictions where we are located. We 
believe that we are not exposed to unusual risks as these financial institutions have high credit quality.

We have no significant concentrations of credit risk with respect to our customers and related parties and available-for-sale 
debt securities. We assess the credit quality of, and set credit limits on our customers by taking into account their financial position, 
the availability of guarantees from third parties, their credit history and other factors such as current market conditions.

Inflation Risk

In recent years, inflation has not had a material impact on our operating results. According to the National Bureau of Statistics 
of China, the change in the Consumer Price Index in China was 0.9%, 2.0% and 0.2% in 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. Although 
we have not been materially affected by inflation in the past, we can provide no assurance that we will not be affected in the future by 
higher rates of inflation in China. We do not anticipate being exposed to material risks due to changes in market interest rates. 
However, our future interest income may fall short of expectations due to changes in market interest rates.

Foreign Currency Risk

Substantially all our revenues and expenses are denominated in Renminbi. We have historically recorded foreign exchange 

gains and losses due to fluctuation of exchange rates between Renminbi and U.S. dollars. We recorded foreign exchange gain of 
RMB8.6 million in 2021, and recorded foreign exchange loss of RMB32.9 million and RMB1.9 million (US$0.3 million) in 2022 and 
2023, respectively, primarily due to the RMB fluctuation against the U.S. dollar. Although in general, our exposure to foreign 
exchange risks should be limited, the value of your investment in our ADSs will be affected by the foreign exchange rate between 
U.S. dollars relative to the Renminbi because the value of our business is effectively denominated in Renminbi, while the ADSs are 
traded in U.S. dollars. Furthermore, a decline in the value of the Renminbi could reduce the U.S. dollar equivalent of the value of the 
earnings from, and our investments in, our subsidiaries and PRC-incorporated affiliates in China. In addition, appreciation or 
depreciation in the value of the Renminbi relative to the U.S. dollar would affect our reported financial results in U.S. dollar terms. As 
of December 31, 2023, we had RMB denominated cash and cash equivalents, term deposits and short-term investments and restricted 
cash, totaling RMB968.8 million (US$136.5 million), and U.S. dollar denominated cash and cash equivalents and term deposits 
totaling US$15.8 million. See “Item 3. Key Information—D. Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Doing Business in China—Fluctuations 
in exchange rates of the Renminbi could materially affect our reported operating results.”

ITEM 12.           DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

A.

Debt Securities

Not applicable.

B. Warrants and Rights

Not applicable.

C. Other Securities

Not applicable.

D.

American Depositary Shares

In July 2016, we appointed JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., or JPMorgan, as the successor depositary for our ADR program. 

JPMorgan replaced Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, or Deutsche Bank, as depositary for our ADR program effective from 

126

July 18, 2016. We entered into an amended and restated deposit agreement with JPMorgan, as depositary, and all holders from time to 
time of our ADRs in July 2016 to amend and restate the previous deposit agreement with Deutsche Bank dated as of May 11, 2011. In 
May 2022, we entered into amendment No.1 to the amended and restated deposit agreement with JPMorgan and all holders from time 
to time of our ADRs to change the ratio of our ADS and Class A ordinary shares.

Fees and Charges

As an ADS holder, you will be required to pay the following service fees to JPMorgan as the depositary bank:

Service:
Issuance of ADSs, including issuances resulting from a distribution of shares or 

  Fee:
  $5.00 for each 100 ADSs (or portion thereof) issued

rights or other property

Cancellation of ADSs, including in the case of termination of the deposit 

  $5.00 for each 100 ADSs (or portion thereof) cancelled

agreement

Distribution of cash dividends or other cash distributions

  Up to $0.05 per ADS held

Distribution of ADSs pursuant to share dividends, free share distributions or 

  Up to $0.05 per ADS held

exercise of rights

Distribution of securities other than ADSs or rights to purchase ADSs or additional 

  A fee being in an amount equal to the fee for the execution and delivery of ADSs 

ADSs

Depositary services

Transfer of ADRs

which would have been charged as a result of the deposit of such securities

  An aggregate fee of U.S.$0.05 per ADS per calendar year (or portion thereof) for 

services performed by the Depositary in administering the ADRs

  $1.50 per certificate presented for transfer

As an ADS holder, you will also be responsible to pay certain fees and expenses incurred by the depositary bank and certain 

taxes and governmental charges such as:

Fees for the transfer and registration of ordinary shares charged by the registrar and transfer agent for the ordinary shares in 

the Cayman Islands (i.e., upon deposit and withdrawal of ordinary shares).

•

•

•

•

•

•

Expenses incurred for converting foreign currency into U.S. dollars.

Expenses for cable, telex and fax transmissions and for delivery of securities.

Taxes and duties upon the transfer of securities, including any applicable stamp duties, any stock transfer charges or 
withholding taxes (i.e., when ordinary shares are deposited or withdrawn from deposit).

Fees and expenses incurred in connection with the delivery or servicing of ordinary shares on deposit.

Fees and expenses incurred in connection with complying with exchange control regulations and other regulatory 
requirements applicable to ordinary shares, deposited securities, ADSs and ADRs.

Any applicable fees and penalties thereon.

The depositary fees payable upon the issuance and cancellation of ADSs are typically paid to the depositary bank by the 

brokers (on behalf of their clients) receiving the newly issued ADSs from the depositary bank and by the brokers (on behalf of their 
clients) delivering the ADSs to the depositary bank for cancellation. The brokers in turn charge these fees to their clients. Depositary 
fees payable in connection with distributions of cash or securities to ADS holders and the depositary services fee are charged by the 
depositary bank to the holders of record of ADSs as of the applicable ADS record date.

The depositary fees payable for cash distributions are generally deducted from the cash being distributed or by selling a 

portion of distributable property to pay the fees. In the case of distributions other than cash (i.e., share dividends, rights), the 
depositary bank charges the applicable fee to the ADS record date holders concurrent with the distribution. In the case of ADSs 
registered in the name of the investor (whether certificated or uncertificated in direct registration), the depositary bank sends invoices 
to the applicable record date ADS holders. In the case of ADSs held in brokerage and custodian accounts (via DTC), the depositary 
bank generally collects its fees through the systems provided by DTC (whose nominee is the registered holder of the ADSs held in 
DTC) from the brokers and custodians holding ADSs in their DTC accounts. The brokers and custodians who hold their clients’ ADSs 
in DTC accounts in turn charge their clients’ accounts the amount of the fees paid to the depositary banks.

Under the terms of the deposit agreement, in the event of refusal to pay the depositary fees, the depositary bank may refuse 

the requested service until payment is received or may set off the amount of the depositary fees from any distribution to be made to the 
ADS holder.

127

 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
Payments by Depositary

We received total payments of US$1.93 million from JPMorgan, the current depositary bank for our ADR program for 
reimbursement of investor relations expenses and other program related expenses, prior to 2023. In 2023, we returned US$0.35 
million to JPMorgan in connection with the change of the ratio of our ADSs to Class A ordinary shares and the revision of our 
commercial arrangements, and as a result, we did not receive any payments from JPMorgan in 2023 and do not expect to receive such 
payments in the future.

128

ITEM 13.           DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

None of these events occurred in any of the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023.

PART II

ITEM 14.           MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

A. Modifications of Rights

See “Item 10. Additional Information—B. Memorandum and Articles of Association” for a description of the rights of 

securities holders, which remain unchanged.

B.

Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

ITEM 15.           CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

An evaluation has been carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief 

Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and 
procedures, as such term is defined under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 
amended, as of December 31, 2023. Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be 
disclosed in the reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time 
periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, 
including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding the required 
disclosures. There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the 
possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Disclosure controls and procedures are 
designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives. Based upon our evaluation, our management has concluded 
that, as of December 31, 2023, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such 

term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, for our company. Internal control over 
financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those 
policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the 
transactions and disposals of our assets, (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit 
preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP and that a company’s receipts and expenditures are 
being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors, and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding 
prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposal of our assets that could have a material effect on our 
consolidated financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, a system of internal control over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance 

with respect to consolidated financial statements preparation and presentation and may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of 
changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

As required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related rules as promulgated by the SEC, our management 

evaluated the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 based on the framework in 
Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. 
Based on this evaluation, our management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of 
December 31, 2023.

Attestation Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 has been audited by 

PricewaterhouseCoopers Zhong Tian LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears on 
page F-2 of this annual report on Form 20-F.

129

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

As required by Rule 13a-15(d), under the Exchange Act, our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our 
Chief Financial Officer, has also conducted an evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting to determine whether any 
changes occurred during the period covered by this report have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our 
internal control over financial reporting.

In connection with the preparation and audit of our consolidated financial statements, as of and for the year ended December 

31, 2022, we and our independent registered public accounting firm identified one material weakness in our internal control over 
financial reporting. The material weakness that was identified related to the misapplication of certain complex accounting standards 
for certain unusual or infrequently occurring transactions. As of and during the year ended December 31, 2023, we strengthened our 
internal control over financial reporting through the development and implementation of review process and control for the application 
of accounting standards to unusual or infrequently occurring transactions and, as a result, we remediated the identified 
material weakness. Specifically, we: 

•

•

supplemented our internal resource with appropriate knowledge and expertise to supplement our assessment of the 
application of complex accounting standards to unusual or infrequently occurring transactions; and

enhanced the assessment over the application of accounting standards to unusual or infrequently occurring transactions, 
and put in place an additional reviewer focusing on whether relevant accounting guidance was appropriately identified and 
applied regarding the accounting treatment for unusual or infrequently occurring transactions.

Other than as described above, there was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the 
year ended December 31, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over 
financial reporting.

ITEM 16A.        AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

Our Board of Directors has determined that Jerry Juying Zhang, who is an independent director, qualifies as an audit 

committee financial expert as defined in Item 16A of the instruction to Form 20-F.

ITEM 16B.        CODE OF ETHICS

We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to our directors, employees, advisors and officers, including our Chief 

Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. No changes have been made to the code of ethics since its adoption and no waivers 
have been granted therefrom to our directors or employees. We have filed our code of business conduct and ethics as an exhibit to our 
F-1 registration statement (File No. 333-173666), as amended, initially filed with the SEC on April 21, 2011, and a copy is available 
to any shareholder upon request. This code of ethics is also available on our website at ir.ifeng.com.

ITEM 16C.        PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

PricewaterhouseCoopers Zhong Tian LLP has served as our independent public accountant for each of the fiscal years in the 

three-year period ended December 31, 2023, for which audited financial statements appear in this annual report.

The following table sets forth the aggregate fees by categories specified below in connection with certain professional 

services rendered by PricewaterhouseCoopers Zhong Tian LLP, for the years indicated. 

Audit Fees (1)
Tax Fees (2)
All Other Fees (3)

Total

Notes:

For the Years Ended December 31,

2022

2023

(In thousands of RMB)

7,409
—
—
7,409

7,350
—
—
7,350

(1) Audit fees consist of fees associated with the annual audit, reviews of our quarterly financial statements and related statutory 
and regulatory filings, which includes the out-of-pocket expenses and excludes turnover taxes and surcharges. For 2022 and 
2023, the audit refers to financial audit and audit pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

(2) Tax fees include fees billed for tax compliance and tax advice services.

(3) All other fees comprise fees for all other services provided by PricewaterhouseCoopers Zhong Tian LLP, other than those 

services covered in footnotes (1) to (2) above.

130

Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures

Our audit committee is responsible for the oversight of our independent accountants’ work. The policy of our audit committee 

is to pre-approve all audit and non-audit services provided by PricewaterhouseCoopers Zhong Tian LLP, including audit services, 
audit-related services, tax services and other services, as described above.

All audit and non-audit services performed by PricewaterhouseCoopers Zhong Tian LLP must be pre-approved by the Audit 

Committee.

ITEM 16D.        EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

None.

ITEM 16E.        PURCHASE OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

On September 27, 2023, our board of directors authorized a share repurchase program under which we may repurchase up to 

US$2 million of our outstanding ADSs from time to time on or before February 27, 2024. 

The table below sets forth certain information related to share repurchases made by us of our ADSs under the share 

repurchase program in the periods indicated.

Period
September 2023
October 2023
November 2023
December 2023
January 2024
February 2024
March 2024
Total
________________

Total Number of ADSs 
Purchased

Average Price Paid 
Per ADS(1)

—
—
4,064
38,521
48,639
29,757
—
120,981

—
—
1.32
1.38
1.47
1.46
—
1.43

Total Number of ADSs 
Purchased as Part of 
Publicly Announced 
Plan

Approximate U.S. 
Dollar Value of ADSs 
that May Yet Be 
Purchased Under the 
Plan

—
—
4,064
38,521
48,639
29,757
—
120,981

US$2,000,000
US$2,000,000
US$1,994,617
US$1,941,349
US$1,870,037
US$1,826,614
US$1,826,614

(1) Each of our ADSs represents forty-eight Class A ordinary shares. The average price per ADS is calculated using the execution price for each repurchase excluding 
commissions paid to brokers.

There were no other purchases made by or on behalf of us or any of our affiliated purchaser of our shares or ADSs in 2023 or 

the subsequent period.

ITEM 16F.        CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT

Not applicable.

ITEM 16G.        CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

We are a “foreign private issuer” (as such term is defined in Rule 3b-4 under the Exchange Act), and our ADSs, each 

representing forty-eight ordinary shares, are listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Under Section 303A of the New York Stock 
Exchange Listed Company Manual, New York Stock Exchange listed companies that are foreign private issuers are permitted to 
follow home country practice in lieu of the corporate governance provisions specified by the New York Stock Exchange with limited 
exceptions. The following summarizes some significant ways in which our corporate governance practices differ from those followed 
by domestic companies under the listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange.

•

•

•

In respect of independent directors on our Board of Directors: Only two of our six directors are independent directors. As 
our home country practice does not require a majority of our Board of Directors to be independent, two of our six 
directors are independent.

In respect of composition of our audit committee: As our home country practice does not require us to have a minimum of 
three members of our audit committee, our audit committee is comprised of two independent directors.

In respect of the oversight of our executive officer compensation and director nominations matters: As our home country 
practice does not require independent director oversight of executive officer compensation and director nomination 
matters, our compensation and corporate governance and nominating committees are not comprise solely of independent 
directors.

131

ITEM 16H.        MINE SAFETY

Not applicable.

ITEM 16I.         DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

Not applicable.

ITEM 16J.         INSIDER TRADING POLICIES

Not Applicable.

ITEM 16K.         CYBERSECURITY 

Risk Management and Strategy

We have adopted a comprehensive risk management system to manage various risks that we face, including financial risks, 

operational risks, compliance risks, public opinion risks, risks associated with stability of information technology systems, 
cybersecurity risks and supplier management risks. Cybersecurity risk management is a core component of our overall risk 
management framework. We have established an array of risk management procedures to identify, assess and manage such risks, 
including risk identification, risk assessment, risk control and risk monitoring. We have also implemented procedural design, 
evaluation mechanism as well as risk grading and liability assessment mechanism to enhance our risk management. Set forth below 
are measures that we undertake to manage cybersecurity risks.

 Cybersecurity Leadership Team

We have formed a Cybersecurity Leadership Team, which is led by our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and 

Vice President of technology department and comprised of personnel from our legal department, internal audit, technology department 
and various business and content production departments, to carry out cybersecurity risk management. The Cybersecurity Leadership 
Team is a professional technical team dedicated to managing cybersecurity risks, and is in charge of devising cybersecurity strategies, 
conducting security audits of operating source code, tracking and analyzing risks, and solving technology related troubles. 

Internal Policies

Preventive Policies

We have adopted the following internal policies and procedures to prevent cybersecurity incidents:

•

•

•

Information Security Management Policy, which prevents unauthorized access, use and control of network resources to 
enhance the safety and stability of our network space;

Data Security Management Policy, which standardizes the management of data classification, backup and destruction, and 
ensures reasonable storage of historical data and data security;

Technology Department Cybersecurity Management Policy, which specifies the operation process of network equipment 
to ensure its safe, stable and continuous operation.

Remediation Policies

We have also adopted a Cybersecurity Emergency Response Plan which sets out the procedures for reporting, response and 

handling of cybersecurity incidents to reduce losses caused by cybersecurity incidents and enhance business continuity.

Technical Measures

We have implemented various technical measures, such as real-time monitoring of traffic logs, host-based vulnerability 
scanning, transmission encryption and authentication, firewalls and intrusion prevention systems, in order to timely identify and 

132

address cybersecurity threats and pro-tect the security and integrity of our information technology systems and data stored in our 
systems. 

Engagement of Third-Party Service Providers

We have (i) communicated closely with several external security organizations, to acquire zero-day vulnerability information 

and (ii) purchased third-party security services, including vulnerability scanning services, and penetration and vulnerability testing 
every year.

In addition, to comply with the requirements under the Cybersecurity Law and Data Security Law of the PRC and enhance the 

security of our information technology systems, we have engaged third-party agencies to perform the Classified Cybersecurity 
Protection Evaluations on an annual basis, which evaluates the Company’s cybersecurity situation from aspects of physical 
environment, communication networks, perimeter, computing environment, management center, management systems, management 
institutions, personnel management, construction management, and operations and maintenance management. 

Risks from Cybersecurity Threats

As we generate and process a large amount of data through our platform and rely on our IT systems for our business 
operations, we face risks associated with cybersecurity threats. For more details, see “Item 4. Information on the Company—D. Risk 
Factors—Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry— Our business and operating results may be harmed by service disruptions, or 
by our failure to timely and effectively scale and adapt our existing technology and infrastructure”; “—Security breaches or computer 
virus attacks could have a material adverse effect on our business prospects and operating results”; and “—We are subject to a variety 
of laws and other obligations regarding cybersecurity, data security and personal information protection in China, and our failure to 
comply with any of them could result in proceedings against us by governmental entities or others and harm our public image and 
reputation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.”

Cybersecurity Governance

Management

Our management is informed about and monitors the prevention, detection, mitigation, and remediation of cybersecurity risks 
and incidents primarily through (i) Cybersecurity Leadership Team, and (ii) review and approval of cybersecurity-related policies and 
procedures. 

Cybersecurity Leadership Team

Our Cybersecurity Leadership Team, led by our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Vice President of 

technology department, is in charge of cybersecurity risk management, including assessing and managing material risks from 
cybersecurity threats, prevention (through formulating and implementation of policies and procedures and cybersecurity awareness 
training), detection, mitigation and remediation of cybersecurity incidents. The Vice President of technology department reports 
the cybersecurity work to the management through periodic meetings. 

Technology, Legal and Internal Audit Departments

Our technology, legal and internal audit departments also perform different functions with respect to cybersecurity 
management. The legal department is responsible for interpreting cybersecurity-related laws and regulations and reviewing 
cybersecurity-related internal policies. The internal audit department is responsible for internal audits on the implementation of 
cybersecurity-related policies and procedures. The internal audit department and the legal department jointly report to our Chief 
Financial Officer. The technology department is responsible for monitoring our data security, information security and application 
security systems, fixing technical vulnerabilities, and reports to our Vice President of technology department.

Policy Review and Approval

All cybersecurity-related internal policies shall be reviewed and approved by the management personnel in charge of the 

proposing department as well as the Cybersecurity Leadership Team prior to adoption.

Based on information obtained through such channels, our management makes assessments of cybersecurity risks and 
incidents and reports the nature, origin and potential impact of cybersecurity risks and incidents to the board of directors based on an 
assessment of materiality so that the board can learn about material cybersecurity risks and incidents on a timely basis and make 
decisions accordingly. To keep the management regularly informed about and discuss cybersecurity matters, the Vice President of 
technology department makes periodic reports to the Chief Executive Officer on cybersecurity risk management and governance at 
management meetings, have live discussions with the management and address their questions. Based on the management’s 

133

assessment of the cybersecurity risks, the Chief Executive Officer or the Chief Financial Officer makes report to the board if he/she 
considers it necessary. 

Board of Directors

Our board of directors is responsible for and engaged in the oversight of our continuous efforts in monitoring, assessing and 

managing the risks associated with cybersecurity threats or incidents. The board reviews reports from management on material 
cybersecurity risks and incidents and discusses remediation plans with the management. At board meetings, the board also hears 
period reports from the management on cybersecurity risk management and governance and have follow-up discussions with the 
management.

In addition, our audit committee is responsible for risk assessment and risk management, including risks relating to 
cybersecurity threats or incidents. The responsibilities of our audit committee include discussing policies with respect to risk 
assessment and risk management periodically with the management, internal auditors, and independent auditors, and our plans or 
processes to monitor, control and minimize such risks and exposures.

134

ITEM 17.           FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

PART III

The Registrant has elected to provide the financial statements and related information specified in Item 18.

ITEM 18.           FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The consolidated financial statements of Phoenix New Media Limited are included at the end of this annual report.

ITEM 19.           EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit
Number

   1.1

   2.1

   2.2

   2.3

   2.3A

   2.4

   4.1

   4.2

   4.3

   4.4

   4.5

Description of Exhibits

Amended and Restated Memorandum of Association and Second Amended and Restated Articles of Association of the 
Registrant (incorporated by reference Exhibit 3.2 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-173666), 
initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011)

Registrant’s Specimen American Depositary Receipt (included in Exhibit 4.3) (incorporated by reference Exhibit (a) to 
our Registration Statement on Form F-6 (File No. 333-212488) with respect to American depositary shares representing 
our Class A ordinary shares, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 12, 2016)

Registrant’s Specimen Certificate for Class A ordinary shares (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.2 to our Registration 
Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 
2011).

Form of Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement, among the Registrant, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as depositary, 
and all holders from time to time of ADRs issued thereunder (incorporated by reference Exhibit (a) to our Registration 
Statement on Form F-6 (File No. 333-212488) with respect to American depositary shares representing our Class A 
ordinary shares, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 12, 2016).

Form of Amendment to Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement, among the Registrant, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., 
as depositary, and all holders from time to time of ADRs issued thereunder (incorporated by reference Exhibit (a)(2) to 
our Registration Statement on Form F-6 (File No. 333-212488) with repsect to American depositary shares representing 
our Class A ordinary shares, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 12, 2022).

Description of Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended 
(incorporated by reference Exhibit 2.4 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2019 
(File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2020).

Preferred Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 9, 2009, in respect of the sale of the Series A convertible 
redeemable preferred shares of the Registrant (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.4 to our Registration Statement on 
Form F-1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Shareholders’ Agreement, dated as of November 24, 2009, by and among the Registrant and the other parties thereto 
(incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.5 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Form of the Registrant’s Employment Agreements for its executive officers (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.1 to our 
Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
on April 21, 2011).

Registrant’s 2008 Share Option Plan (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.2 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 
(File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Registrant’s 2011 Restricted Share Unit and Restricted Share Plan (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.3 to our 
Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
on April 21, 2011).

135

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   4.6

   4.7

   4.8

   4.8A

   4.8B

   4.8C

   4.9

   4.10

   4.10A

   4.10B

   4.10C

   4.11

   4.12

Form of Indemnification Agreement with the Registrant’s directors and officers (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.4 to 
our Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Exclusive Equity Option Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2009, between Fenghuang On-line and 
Tianying Jiuzhou and its shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.5 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 
(File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Exclusive Equity Option Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2009, between Fenghuang On-line and 
Yifeng Lianhe and its shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.6 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 
(File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Exclusive Equity Option Agreement, dated as of January 13, 2014, between Qieyiyou and 
Chenhuan.and its shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.8A to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal 
Year Ended December 31, 2017 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 
April 26, 2018).

Translation of the Exclusive Equity Option Agreement, dated as of January 25, 2021, between Fenghuang On-line and 
Fenghuang Ronghe and its shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.8B to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for 
the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on April 28, 2021). 

Translation of the Exclusive Equity Option Agreement, dated as of May 7, 2021, between Qieyiyou and Chenhuan.and its 
shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.8C to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2021 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 
2022).

Translation of the Equity Pledge Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2009, between Fenghuang On-line and Tianying 
Jiuzhou and its shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.7 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 
333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Equity Pledge Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2009, between Fenghuang On-line and Yifeng 
Lianhe and its shareholders(incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.8 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 
333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Equity Pledge Agreement, dated as of January 13, 2014, between Fenghuang On-line and Chenhuan 
and its shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.10A to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year 
Ended December 31, 2017 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 
26, 2018).

Translation of the Equity Pledge Agreement, dated as of January 25, 2021, between Fenghuang On-line and Fenghuang 
Ronghe and its shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.10B to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal 
Year Ended December 31, 2020 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 
April 28, 2021).

Translation of the Equity Pledge Agreement, dated as of May 7, 2021, between Qieyiyou and Chenhuan and its 
shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.10C to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2021 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 
2022).

Translation of the Exclusive Technical Consulting & Service Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2009, between 
Fenghuang On-line and Tianying Jiuzhou (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.9 to our Registration Statement on Form 
F-1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Exclusive Technical Consulting & Service Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2009, between 
Fenghuang On-line and Yifeng Lianhe (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.10 to our Registration Statement on Form F-
1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

136

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   4.12A

   4.12B

   4.12C

   4.12D

   4.13

   4.13A

   4.14

   4.14A

   4.14B

Translation of the Exclusive Technical Consulting & Service Agreement, dated as of January 13, 2014, between Qieyiyou 
and Chenhuan and its shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.12A to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the 
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2017 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
on April 26, 2018).

Translation of the Business Management Agreement, dated as of January 13, 2014, between Qieyiyou and Chenhuan and 
its shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.12B to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2017 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 26, 
2018).

Translation of the Exclusive Technical Consulting & Service Agreement, dated as of January 25, 2021, between 
Fenghuang On-line and Fenghuang Ronghe (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.12C to our Annual Report on Form 20-F 
for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on April 28, 2021). 

Translation of the Exclusive Technical Consulting & Service Agreement, dated as of May 7, 2021, between Qieyiyou and 
Chenhuan and its shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.12D to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the 
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2021 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
on April 28, 2022).

Translation of Loan Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2009, between Fenghuang On-line and the shareholders of 
Tianying Jiuzhou (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.11 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-
173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of Supplemental Agreement to the Loan Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2019, between Fenghuang On-
line and the shareholders of Tianying Jiuzhou (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.13A to our Annual Report on Form 20-
F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2019 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on April 28, 2020).

Translation of the Loan Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2009, between Fenghuang On-line and the shareholders of 
Yifeng Lianhe (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.12 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-
173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Loan Agreement, dated as of January 13, 2015, between Qieyiyou and shareholders of Chenhuan 
(incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.14A to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 
2017 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 26, 2018).

Translation of the Loan Agreement, dated as of January 25, 2021, between Fenghuang On-line and the shareholders of 
Fenghuang Ronghe (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.14B to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year 
Ended December 31, 2020 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 
28, 2021).

   4.14C

Translation of the Loan Agreement, dated as of March 30, 2021, between Qieyiyou and shareholders of Chenhuan 
(incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.14C to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 
2021 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2022).

   4.15

   4.16

   4.16A

Translation of the Voting Right Entrustment Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2009, between Fenghuang On-line and 
shareholders of Tianying Jiuzhou (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.13 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 
(File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Voting Right Entrustment Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2009, between Fenghuang On-line and 
the shareholders of Yifeng Lianhe (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.14 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 
(File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Voting Right Entrustment Agreement, dated as of January 13, 2014, between Qieyiyou and Chenhuan 
and its shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.16A to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year 
Ended December 31, 2017 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 
26, 2018).

137

 
 
 
 
 
 
   4.16B

   4.16C

   4.17

   4.18

   4.19

   4.20

   4.21

   4.22

   4.23

   4.24

   4.25

   4.26

   4.27

Translation of the Voting Right Entrustment Agreement, dated as of January 25, 2021, between Fenghuang On-line and 
the shareholders of Fenghuang Ronghe (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.16B to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for 
the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on April 28, 2021).

Translation of the Voting Right Entrustment Agreement, dated as of May 7, 2021, between Qieyiyou and Chenhuan and 
its shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.16C to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2021 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 
2022).

Translation of the Content, Branding, Promotion and Technology Cooperation Agreement, dated November 24, 2009, 
between Fenghuang On-line and Phoenix TV (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.15 to our Registration Statement on 
Form F-1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Supplemental Agreement to the Content, Branding, Promotion and Technology Cooperation 
Agreement, dated March 28, 2011, between Fenghuang On-line and Phoenix TV (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.16 
to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Second Supplemental Agreement to the Content, Branding, Promotion and Technology Cooperation 
Agreement, dated March 24, 2016, between Fenghuang On-line and Phoenix TV (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.19 
to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2015 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed 
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2016).

Translation of the Program Content License Agreement, dated November 24, 2009, between Phoenix TV and Tianying 
Jiuzhou (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.17 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-173666), 
initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Schedule of Material Differences between the Program Content Agreements entered into between Tianying Jiuzhou and 
Yifeng Lianhe, respectively, and Phoenix TV (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.18 to our Registration Statement on 
Form F-1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Confirmation Letter, dated April 14, 2011, among Tianying Jiuzhou, Yifeng Lianhe and Phoenix Satellite Television 
Company Limited (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.19 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-
173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Second Supplemental Agreement to the Program Content License Agreement, dated March 24, 2016, 
between Phoenix TV, Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.23 to our Annual Report 
on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2015 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission on April 28, 2016).

Translation of the Trademark License Agreement, dated as of November 24, 2009, between Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited and Tianying Jiuzhou (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.20 to our Registration Statement on Form 
F-1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Schedule of material differences between the Trademark License Agreements entered into between Tianying Jiuzhou and 
Yifeng Lianhe, respectively, and Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited (incorporated by reference Exhibit 
10.21 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on April 21, 2011).

Confirmation Letter, dated April 14, 2011, among Tianying Jiuzhou, Yifeng Lianhe and Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.22 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-
173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Second Supplemental Agreement to the Trademark License Agreement, dated March 24, 2016, between 
Phoenix TV, Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.27 to our Annual Report on Form 
20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2015 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on April 28, 2016).

138

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   4.28

   4.29

   4.30

   4.31

   4.32

   4.33

   4.34

   4.35

   4.36

   4.37

   4.38

   4.39

   4.40

   4.41

Program Resource License Agreement between Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited and Beijing Tianying 
Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd., dated May 27, 2016 (incorporated by reference Exhibit 99.2 to our report on 
Form 6-K (File No. 001-35158) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 27, 2016).

Program Text/Graphics Resource License Agreement between Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited and Beijing 
Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd., dated May 27, 2016 (incorporated by reference Exhibit 99.3 to our 
report on Form 6-K (File No. 001-35158) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 27, 2016).

Program Resource License Agreement between Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited and Yifeng Lianhe 
(Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., dated May 27, 2016 (incorporated by reference Exhibit 99.4 to our report on Form 6-K 
(File No. 001-35158) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 27, 2016).

Program Text/Graphics Resource License Agreement between Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited and Yifeng 
Lianhe (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., dated May 27, 2016 (incorporated by reference Exhibit 99.5 to our report on Form 
6-K (File No. 001-35158) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 27, 2016).

Program Resource License Agreement between Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited and Beijing Fenghuang 
Interactive Entertainment Network Technology Co., Ltd., dated May 27, 2016 (incorporated by reference Exhibit 99.6 to 
our report on Form 6-K (File No. 001-35158) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 27, 2016).

Program Text/Graphics Resource License Agreement between Phoenix Satellite Television Company Limited and Beijing 
Fenghuang Interactive Entertainment Network Technology Co., Ltd., dated May 27, 2016 (incorporated by reference 
Exhibit 99.7 to our report on Form 6-K (File No. 001-35158) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 
27, 2016).

The Third Supplemental Agreement to the Trademark License Agreement by and among Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited, Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd. and Yifeng Lianhe (Beijing) Technology 
Co., Ltd., dated May 27, 2016 (incorporated by reference Exhibit 99.8 to our report on Form 6-K (File No. 001-35158) 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 27, 2016).

Translation of the Fourth Supplemental Agreement to the Trademark License Agreement by and among Phoenix Satellite 
Television Trademark Limited, Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd. and Yifeng Lianhe (Beijing) 
Technology Co., Ltd., dated September 29, 2017 (incorporated by reference Exhibit 99.2 to our report on Form 6-K (File 
No. 001-35158) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 29, 2017).

Translation of the Trademark License Agreement, dated as of December 8, 2017, between Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited and Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd. (incorporated by reference Exhibit 99.2 
to our report on Form 6-K (File No. 001-35158) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 8, 
2017).

Translation of the Trademark License Agreement, dated as of December 8, 2017, between Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited and Yifeng Lianhe (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. (incorporated by reference Exhibit 99.3 to our 
report on Form 6-K (File No. 001-35158) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 8, 2017).

Loan Agreement Memorandum, dated as of January 3, 2011, between Phoenix Satellite Television Co., Ltd. and Phoenix 
Satellite Television Information Limited (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.23 to our Registration Statement on Form 
F-1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Cooperation Agreement, dated as of December 29, 2009, between China Mobile Communications 
Corporation and Tianying Jiuzhou (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.24 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 
(File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).

Translation of the Cooperation Agreement, dated as of February 14, 2011, between China Mobile Communications 
Corporation and Tianying Jiuzhou (incorporated by reference Exhibit 10.25 to our Registration Statement on Form F-1 
(File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 2011).
Schedule of Material Differences between the Cooperation Agreement, dated as of February 14, 2011, between China 
Mobile Communications Corporation and Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd. entered into in 2011, 
filed as Exhibit 10.25 to the Registration Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-173666) (“Cooperation Agreement 2011”), 
the Cooperation Agreement, dated as of June 20, 2014, between China Mobile Communications Corporation and Beijing 

139

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd. entered into in 2014 (“Cooperation Agreement 2014”), the Cooperation 
Agreement, dated as of September 16, 2015, between China Mobile Communications Corporation and Beijing Tianying 
Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd. entered into in 2015 (“Cooperation Agreement 2015”), the Cooperation 
Agreement, dated as of January 16, 2017, between China Mobile Communications Corporation and Beijing Tianying 
Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd. entered into in 2017 and as to 2016 and 2017 (“Cooperation Agreement 2016”), 
and the Cooperation Agreement, dated as of October 18, 2017, between China Mobile Communications Corporation and 
Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd. entered into in 2017 and as to 2017 and 2018 (“Cooperation 
Agreement 2017”) (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.41 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2017 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 26, 
2018).

Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 10, 2014, among Particle Inc., Particle (HK) Limited, Beijing Particle 
Information Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Yidianwangju Technology Co., Ltd., Zhaohui Zheng, Xuyang Ren, Xin Li, 
Rongqing Lu, Shunwei TMT II Limited, Red Better Limited and our company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.29 to 
our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2014 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with 
the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 30, 2015).

Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 7, 2014, among Zhaohui Zheng, Xin Li, Rongqing Lu, Tengteng Kong, 
Weijian Lin, Kaifeng Xu, Miao Liu, Yuanyuan Wang, Xiaoxi Wu, Fubo Wang, Shi’an Peng, Sha Zhou, Qiyu Tan and our 
company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.30 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2014 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 30, 
2015).

Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 10, 2015, among Particle Inc., Particle (HK) Limited, Beijing Particle 
Information Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Yidianwangju Technology Co., Ltd., Zhaohui Zheng, Xuyang Ren, Xin Li, 
Rongqing Lu, Shunwei TMT II Limited, Red Better Limited and our company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.31 to 
our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2014 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with 
the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 30, 2015).

Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 10, 2015, among IDG Technology Venture Investment V, L.P., Yifang 
Technology Group, Ltd. and our company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.32 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for 
the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2014 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission on April 30, 2015).

Loan Agreement, dated as of January 28, 2016, among Particle Inc., Particle (HK) Limited, Beijing Particle Information 
Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Yidianwangju Technology Co., Ltd., and our company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 
4.36 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2015 (File No. 001-35158), initially 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2016).

Loan Agreement, dated as of April 5, 2016, among Particle Inc., Particle (HK) Limited, Beijing Particle Information 
Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Yidianwangju Technology Co., Ltd., and our company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 
4.37 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2015 (File No. 001-35158), initially 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2016).

Loan Agreement, dated as of August 10, 2016, among Particle Inc., Particle (HK) Limited, Beijing Particle Information 
Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Yidianwangju Technology Co., Ltd., and our company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 
4.45 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2016 (File No. 001-35158), initially 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2017).

Amendment No. 1 to Loan Agreement Dated as of August 10, 2016, dated as of January 20, 2017, among Particle Inc., 
Particle (HK) Limited, Beijing Particle Information Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Yidianwangju Technology Co., Ltd., 
and our company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.46 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2016 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 
2017).

Loan Agreement, dated as of November 2, 2016, among Particle Inc., Particle (HK) Limited, Beijing Particle Information 
Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Yidianwangju Technology Co., Ltd., and our company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 
4.47 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2016 (File No. 001-35158), initially 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2017).

140

   4.42

   4.43

   4.44

   4.45

   4.46

   4.47

   4.48

   4.49

   4.50

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   4.51

   4.52

   4.53

   4.54

   4.55

   4.56

   4.57

   4.58

   4.59

Amendment No. 1 to Loan Agreement Dated as of November 2, 2016, dated as of January 20, 2017, among Particle Inc., 
Particle (HK) Limited, Beijing Particle Information Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Yidianwangju Technology Co., Ltd., 
and our company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.48 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2016 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 
2017).

English Translation of the Loan Agreement, dated as of January 20, 2017, among Particle Inc., Particle (HK) Limited, 
Beijing Particle Information Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Yidianwangju Technology Co., Ltd., and our company 
(incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.49 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2016 
(File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2017).

Amendment No. 2 to Loan Agreement Dated as of August 10, 2016, dated as of August 9, 2017, among Particle Inc., 
Particle (HK) Limited, Beijing Particle Information Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Yidianwangju Technology Co., Ltd., 
and our company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.53 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2017 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 26, 
2018).

Amendment No. 3 to Loan Agreement Dated as of August 10, 2016, dated as of January 20, 2018, among Particle Inc., 
Particle (HK) Limited, Beijing Particle Information Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Yidianwangju Technology Co., Ltd., 
and our company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.54 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2017 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 26, 
2018).

Amendment No. 1 to Loan Agreement Dated as of January 20, 2017, dated as of January 20, 2018, among Particle Inc., 
Particle (HK) Limited, Beijing Particle Information Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Yidianwangju Technology Co., Ltd., 
and our company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.55 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2017 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 26, 
2018).

Loan assignment agreement among the Registrant, Particle Inc. and its subsidiaries and consolidated affiliated entity, and 
Long De Cheng Zhang Culture Communication (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. dated April 2, 2018 (incorporated by reference Exhibit 
4.56 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2017 (File No. 001-35158), initially 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 26, 2018).

Translation of Equity Transfer and Equity Purchase Option Agreement, dated as of December 18, 2018, among Telling 
Telecommunication Co., Ltd., Beijing Chenhuan Technology Co., Ltd., and Shenzhen Bingruixin Technology Co., Ltd. 
(incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.57 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2018 
(File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 26, 2019).

Translation of Equity Transfer Agreement, dated as of March 1, 2019, among Beijing Yitian Xindong Network 
Technology Co., Ltd., Telling Telecommunication Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Bingruixin Technology Co., Ltd., and Beijing 
Chenhuan Technology Co., Ltd. (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.58 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal 
Year Ended December 31, 2018 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on 
April 26, 2019).

Translation of Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 22, 2019, between Run Liang Tai Management Limited and 
our Company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.59 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2018 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 26, 
2019).

   4.59A

Translation of Supplemental Agreement, dated as of July 23, 2019, between Run Liang Tai Management Limited and our 
Company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.59A to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2019 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 
2020).

   4.59B

Translation of Co-Sale Agreement, dated as of January 20, 2020, among Long De Cheng Zhang (Tianjin) Investment 
Management Center, Long De Holdings (Hong Kong) Co., Limited and our Company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 

141

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.59B to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2019 (File No. 001-35158), initially 
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2020).

   4.59C

Translation of Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 7, 2020, between Run Liang Tai Management Limited and 
our Company (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.59C to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2020 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 
2021). 

   4.60

   4.61

   4.62

   4.63

   4.64

   4.65

   4.66

   4.67

 *4.68

 *4.69

Fread Limited’s Restricted Share Unit Scheme adopted in March 2018 (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.57 to our 
Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2018 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the 
Securities and Exchange Commission on April 26, 2019).

Translation of Equity Transfer Agreement, dated as of May 18, 2020, among Shenzhen Shenghuayu Energy Conservation 
Service Co., Ltd., Beijing Yitian Xindong Network Technology Co., Ltd. and Chenhuan (incorporated by reference 
Exhibit 4.61 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020 (File No. 001-35158), 
initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2021).

Translation of the Supplementary Agreement No.2 of the Trademark License Agreement, dated as of November 26, 2020, 
between Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited and Yifeng Lianhe (Beijing) Technology Co.,Ltd. (incorporated 
by reference Exhibit 4.62 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020 (File No. 
001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2021).

Translation of the Supplementary Agreement No.6 to the Trademark License Agreement, dated as of November 26, 2020, 
between Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited and Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd. 
(incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.63 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020 
(File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2021).

Translation of the Termination Agreement, dated as of March 1,2021, between Fenghuang On-line and Yifeng Lianhe and 
its shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.64 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2020 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 
2021).

Translation of Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement between Phoenix Satellite Television Company 
Limited and Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd., dated August 24, 2021 (incorporated by reference 
Exhibit 4.65 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2021 (File No. 001-35158), 
initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2022).

Translation of the Termination Agreement, dated as of May 7,2021, between Qieyiyou and Chenhuan and its shareholders 
(incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.66 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2021 
(File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2022).

Translation of the Termination Agreement, dated as of August 31, 2022, between Qieyiyou and Chenhuan and its 
shareholders (incorporated by reference Exhibit 4.67 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the Fiscal Year Ended 
December 31, 2022 (File No. 001-35158), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 1, 2023).

Translation of the Supplementary Agreement No. 3 of the Trademark License Agreement, dated as of December 8, 2023, 
between Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited and Yifeng Lianhe (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd.

Translation of the Supplementary Agreement No. 7 to the Trademark License Agreement, dated as of December 8, 2023, 
between Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited and Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd.

 *8.1

List of Subsidiaries

   11.1

Code of Business conduct and Ethics of the Registrant (incorporated by reference Exhibit 99.1 to our Registration 
Statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-173666), initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 21, 
2011).

 *12.1

Certification of our Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

142

 
 
 
 
 
 *12.2

Certification of our Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 *13.1

 *13.2

Certification of our Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Certification of our Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 *15.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 *15.2

Consent of Zhong Lun Law Firm

 *97.1

Incentive Compensation Clawback Policy 

101.INS

Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File as its XBRL tags are 
embedded within the Inline XBRL document

101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema With Embedded Linkbase Documents

104

Cover page formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101

*

Filed herewith

143

 
 
 
 
 
 
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and 

authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.

SIGNATURES

Phoenix New Media Limited

By:

/s/ Edward Lu 
Name: Edward Lu
Title: Chief Financial Officer

Date:  April 25, 2024

144

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Phoenix New Media Limited

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Contents
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID: 1424)
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2023
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income/(Loss) for the Years Ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page

F-2
F-5
F-6
F-7
F-8
F-9

F-1

 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Phoenix New Media Limited

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Phoenix New Media Limited and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) 
as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income /(loss), of shareholders’ equity 
and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, including the related notes (collectively referred 
to  as  the  “consolidated  financial  statements”).  We  also  have  audited  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of 
December  31,  2023,  based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control—Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of 
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of 
the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the 
period ended December 31, 2023 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in 
our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 
2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.

Basis for Opinions

The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over 
financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s 
Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 15. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the 
Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We 
are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required 
to  be  independent  with  respect  to  the  Company  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and 
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits 
to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to 
error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the 
consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures 
included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits 
also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall 
presentation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  Our  audit  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  included  obtaining  an 
understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating 
the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other 
procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles.  A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  includes  those  policies  and  procedures  that  (i)  pertain  to  the 
maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and  dispositions  of  the  assets  of  the 
company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in 
accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (iii)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding 
prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect 
on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections 
of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in 
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matters

F-2

 
 
 
 
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements 
that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relate to accounts or disclosures that are 
material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The 
communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, 
and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the 
accounts or disclosures to which they relate. 

Allowance for Credit Losses on Accounts Receivable

As  described  in  Notes  2(j)  and  4  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  as  of  December  31,  2023,  the  gross  balance  of  accounts 
receivable was RMB377.1 million, against which an allowance for credit losses of RMB106.7 million was provided. The allowance is 
management’s estimate of expected credit losses based on historical collection activity, current business environment and forecasts of 
future macroeconomic conditions that may affect the customers’ ability to pay. Management estimated the allowance by segmenting 
accounts receivable into groups based on certain credit risk characteristics and determining an expected loss rate for each group based 
on historical loss experience adjusted for judgments including default rates, lifetime for debt recovery, current and future economic 
conditions and other relevant factors.

The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the allowance for credit losses on accounts 
receivable is a critical audit matter are the significant judgment made by management in estimating the allowance for credit losses. This 
in turn led to a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity and effort in performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence obtained 
relating to management’s judgments and assumptions related to segmentation of accounts receivable, default rates, lifetime for debt 
recovery, current and future economic conditions. The audit effort also included the involvement of professionals with specialized skill 
and knowledge.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion 
on  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  These  procedures  included  testing  the  effectiveness  of  controls  relating  to  management’s 
estimate  of  the  allowance  for  credit  losses.  These  procedures  also  included,  among  others,  (i)  testing  management’s  process  for 
estimating  the  allowance  for  credit  losses,  (ii)  evaluating  the  appropriateness  of  the  model  and  methodology;  (iii)  testing  the 
completeness,  accuracy  and  relevance  of  underlying  data  used  in  the  model;  and  (iv)  evaluating  the  reasonableness  of  significant 
judgments  made  by  management.  Professionals  with  specialized  skill  and  knowledge  were  also  used  to  assist  in  evaluating  the 
appropriateness of the model, methodology and management’s significant judgments.

Equity investments in limited partnerships and private equity fund 

As described in Notes 2(n) and 9 to the consolidated financial statements, as of December 31, 2023, the Company held investments in 
limited partnerships with total carrying value of RMB39.1 million. The Company also held investment in a private equity fund with 
carrying value of RMB34.1 million. The limited partnerships and the private equity fund mainly engage in private equity investments.  
The investments in the limited partnerships are accounted for under the equity method. The Company adjusted the carrying value of 
equity  method  investments  for  its  share  of  the  income  or  losses  of  the  limited  partnerships.  The  income  or  losses  of  the  limited 
partnerships were mainly attributable by the estimated fair value change of the underlying investments held by the limited partnerships. 
The Company recognized its share of loss from these investments of RMB11.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The 
investment in private equity fund is accounted for under the existing practical expedient to estimate fair value using the net asset value 
per share of the investment. The Company recognized a fair value change of RMB0.4 million related to this investment for the year 
ended December 31, 2023.

F-3

The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the equity investments in limited partnerships 
and private equity fund is a critical audit matter are the significant judgment made by management in recognizing the Company’s share 
of income or losses of the limited partnerships, and the fair value change of the Company’s investment in the private equity fund. This 
in turn led to a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity and effort in performing procedures and evaluating the audit evidence 
obtained relating to the Company’s share of income or losses of the limited partnerships, and the fair value change of the investment in 
the private equity fund.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion 
on  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  These  procedures  included  testing  the  effectiveness  of  controls  relating  to  management's 
accounting of equity investments in limited partnerships and private equity fund. These procedures also included, among others, testing 
management’s process for recognizing the Company’s share of income or losses of the limited partnerships and the fair value change of 
the private equity fund through evaluation of the limited partnerships’ and private equity fund’s financial statements, and, on a sample 
basis, evaluating the reasonableness of the estimated fair value change of the limited partnerships’ and private equity fund’s underlying 
investments by assessing the methods used to value the underlying investments, the historical performance and future development of 
the underlying investments, and other relevant market information.

/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers Zhong Tian LLP
Beijing, the People’s Republic of China
April 25, 2024

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2010. 

F-4

Phoenix New Media Limited
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Amounts in thousands, except for number of shares and per share data)

As of December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

ASSETS
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Term deposits and short-term investments
Restricted cash
Accounts receivable, net
Amounts due from related parties
Prepayments and other current assets

Total current assets
Non-current assets:

Property and equipment, net
Intangible assets, net
Available-for-sale debt investments
Equity investments, net
Deferred income tax assets, net
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net
Other non-current assets

Total non-current assets
Total assets
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities (including amounts of the consolidated VIEs, excluding inter-company amounts, 
without recourse to the Company of RMB310,694 and RMB231,408 as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, 
respectively. Note 1) :
Accounts payable
Amounts due to related parties
Advances from customers
Taxes payable
Salary and welfare payable
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Operating lease liabilities

Total current liabilities
Non-current liabilities (including amounts of the consolidated VIEs, excluding inter-company amounts, 
without recourse to the Company of RMB49,000 and RMB29,870 as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, 
respectively. Note 1) :

Long-term liabilities
Operating lease liabilities
Total non-current liabilities
Total liabilities
Commitments and contingencies (Note 20)
Shareholders’ equity:
Phoenix New Media Limited shareholders’ equity:

Class A ordinary shares (US$0.01 par value, 680,000,000 shares authorized; 264,998,965 shares 
issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022; 264,998,965 shares issued and 262,954,885 shares 
outstanding as of December 31, 2023)
Class B ordinary shares (US$0.01 par value, 320,000,000 shares authorized; 317,325,360 and 
317,325,360 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively)
Additional paid-in capital
Treasury stock (nil and 2,044,080 shares as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively)
Statutory reserves
Accumulated deficits
Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total Phoenix New Media Limited shareholders’ equity
Noncontrolling interests
Total shareholders’ equity
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

95,982
1,049,555
9,055
428,587
46,215
32,257
1,661,651

13,091
29,126
304
114,389
89,060
103,551
19,652
369,173
2,030,824

176,956
64,733
31,942
183,525
94,484
89,042
23,639
664,321

20,333
80,947
101,280
765,601

17,499

22,053
1,636,822
—
99,547
(411,074)
(45,402)
1,319,445
(54,222)
1,265,223
2,030,824

527,407
558,765
7,049
293,854
57,445
34,108
1,478,628

7,237
20,050
309
101,221
70,170
67,950
13,179
280,116
1,758,744

122,133
22,170
34,197
170,479
86,444
71,656
19,915
526,994

18,598
49,529
68,127
595,121

17,499

22,053
1,640,535
(655)
99,342
(513,365)
(40,397)
1,225,012
(61,389)
1,163,623
1,758,744

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-5

Phoenix New Media Limited
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
(Amounts in thousands, except for number of shares and per share (or ADS) data)

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

Revenues (1) :

Net advertising revenues
Paid services revenues

Total revenues
Cost of revenues (1)
Gross profit
Operating expenses (1) :

Sales and marketing expenses
General and administrative expenses
Technology and product development expenses

Total operating expenses
Loss from operations
Other income/(loss):
Interest income, net
Foreign currency exchange gain/(loss)
Income/(loss) from equity method investments, including impairment
Fair value changes in investments, net
Impairment of available-for-sale debt investments
Others, net

Loss before income taxes

Income tax (expense)/benefit

Net loss

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

Net loss attributable to Phoenix New Media Limited
Net loss

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax: fair value remeasurement for 
available-for-sale debt investments
Other comprehensive (loss)/income, net of tax: foreign currency 
translation adjustment

Comprehensive loss

Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive loss attributable to Phoenix New Media Limited
Net loss per Class A and Class B ordinary share:

Basic
Diluted

Net loss per ADS (1 ADS represents 48 Class A ordinary shares):

Basic
Diluted

Weighted average number of Class A and Class B ordinary shares used 
in computing net loss per share:

Basic
Diluted

930,025
100,306
1,030,331
(597,397)
432,934

(276,254)
(334,189)
(158,586)
(769,029)
(336,095)

47,304
8,612
401
1,906
—
25,387
(252,485)
(20,581)
(273,066)
67,365
(205,701)
(273,066)

(6,611)

(4,483)
(284,160)
67,365
(216,795)

(0.35)
(0.35)

(16.96)
(16.96)

696,664
89,043
785,707
(548,505)
237,202

(204,984)
(91,846)
(131,807)
(428,637)
(191,435)

31,411
(32,872)
(8,195)
2,664
(5,980)
8,294
(196,113)
70,394
(125,719)
16,067
(109,652)
(125,719)

(24,010)

17,916
(131,813)
16,067
(115,746)

(0.19)
(0.19)

(9.04)
(9.04)

619,260
72,760
692,020
(464,145)
227,875

(155,939)
(114,974)
(82,659)
(353,572)
(125,697)

34,671
(1,945)
(11,125)
(440)
—
8,397
(96,139)
(12,976)
(109,115)
6,619
(102,496)
(109,115)

—

5,005
(104,110)
6,619
(97,491)

(0.18)
(0.18)

(8.45)
(8.45)

582,324,325
582,324,325

582,324,325
582,324,325

582,241,827
582,241,827

(1) Transactions with related parties included in revenues, cost of revenues and operating expenses are as follows (Note 21):

Net advertising revenues
Paid services revenues
Cost of revenues
Sales and marketing expenses
General and administrative expenses

28,629
29,959
(24,500)
(2,465)
(5,361)

17,068
23,516
(52,942)
(1,168)
(4,874)

9,612
18,075
(50,914)
(4,290)
(6,491)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-6

Phoenix New Media Limited
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity
(Amounts in thousands, except for number of shares)

Phoenix New Media Limited Shareholders’ Equity

Class A ordinary
shares
Shares Amount

Class B ordinary
shares

Treasury 
stock

Shares Amount Shares Amount

RMB

RMB

RMB

Additional

paid-in Statutory Accumulated
capital
RMB

reserves
RMB

deficits
RMB

Accumulated 
other

comprehensive Noncontrolling
income/(loss)
RMB

interests
RMB

Total 
shareholders’
equity
RMB

264,998,965

17,499 317,325,360

22,053

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

— 1,620,580

92,017

(88,191)

(28,214)

28,229

1,663,973

—

—

8,434

—

—

— 6,465

(6,465)

—

—

1,148

9,582

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(6,611)

—

(6,611)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(205,701)

(4,483)

—

(4,483)

—

—

(240)

(240)

(67,365)

(273,066)

264,998,965

17,499 317,325,360

22,053

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

— 1,629,014

98,482

(300,357)

(39,308)

(38,228)

1,389,155

—

—

7,808

—

—

— 1,065

(1,065)

—

—

73

—

7,881

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(24,010)

—

(24,010)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

264,998,965

17,499 317,325,360

22,053

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

17,916

—

17,916

(109,652)

—

(16,067)

(125,719)

— 1,636,822

99,547

(411,074)

(45,402)

(54,222)

1,265,223

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

3,713

—

—

—

—

— (2,044,080)

(655)

—

—

—

—

(205)

205

—

—

—

—

—

3,713

(655)

(548)

(548)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

5,005

—

5,005

(102,496)

—

(6,619)

(109,115)

264,998,965

17,499 317,325,360

22,053 (2,044,080)

(655)

1,640,535

99,342

(513,365)

(40,397)

(61,389)

1,163,623

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-7

Balance as of 
January 1, 
2021
Share-based 
compensation
Appropriation 
to statutory 
reserves
Fair value 
changes of 
available-for-
sale debt 
investments, 
net of tax
Foreign 
currency 
translation 
adjustment
Dividends 
declared and 
paid
Net loss
Balance as of 
December 
31, 2021
Share-based 
compensation
Appropriation 
to statutory 
reserves
Fair value 
changes of 
available-for-
sale debt 
investments, 
net of tax
Foreign 
currency 
translation 
adjustment
Net loss
Balance as of 
December 
31, 2022
Share-based 
compensation
Repurchase 
of ordinary 
shares
Disposition 
of 
subsidiaries
Foreign 
currency 
translation 
adjustment
Net loss
Balance as of 
December 
31, 2023

Phoenix New Media Limited
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Amounts in thousands)

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss

Adjustments to reconcile net income/(loss) to net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities:

Share-based compensation
Provision for/(reversal of) allowance for expected credit losses, including related party amounts of 
RMB1,000, RMB(4,122) and RMB150 for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, 
respectively)
Depreciation and amortization expense
Amortization of the right-of-use assets
Impairment of intangible assets
(Income)/loss from equity method investments, including impairment
Fair value changes in investments, net
Impairment of available-for-sale debt investments
Gain on disposition of a subsidiary
Deferred tax (benefit)/expense
Loss/(gain) on disposal of long-lived assets
Foreign currency exchange (gain)/loss

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisition:

Accounts receivable
Prepayments and other current assets
Amounts due from related parties
Other non-current assets
Accounts payable
Advances from customers
Salary and welfare payable
Withholding tax payable for disposal of available-for-sale debt investments
Taxes payable
Amounts due to related parties
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Long-term liabilities

Net cash used in operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchase of property and equipment and intangible assets
Placement of term deposits and short-term investments
Maturity of term deposits and short-term investments
Payment for the equity investment
Return of equity investment principal from certain investee
Dividends received from the equity investment
Proceeds from disposal of long-lived assets

Net cash (used in)/provided by investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:

Repurchase of ordinary shares
Dividends paid to shareholders
Net cash used in financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Net (decrease)/increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the year

Including:

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year
Restricted cash at the beginning of the year

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the year

Including:

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year
Restricted cash at the end of the year

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

Cash paid during the period for income taxes

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

(273,066)

(125,719)

(109,115)

9,582

186,520

28,503
37,549
369
(401)
(1,906)
—
—
(5,322)
1,107
(8,612)

33,161
(8,285)
(25,492)
6,535
(9,083)
(5,374)
(36,787)
—
10,166
315
(45,834)
(36,467)
(142,822)

(16,833)
(5,839,637)
5,810,436
(14,000)
—
—
17,381
(42,653)

—
(3,540)
(3,540)
4,778
(184,237)
388,835

357,796
31,039
204,598

188,980
15,618

1,012

7,881

(23,536)

26,245
28,503
1,106
8,195
(2,664)
5,980
—
1,817
2,672
32,872

47,538
14,709
14,986
(21,877)
(35,282)
(1,519)
(25,328)
(240,396)
15,725
29,998
(34,363)
(39,954)
(312,411)

(33,958)
(2,876,710)
3,139,583
(9,000)
—
206
8,578
228,699

—
—
—
(15,849)
(99,561)
204,598

188,980
15,618
105,037

95,982
9,055

176,176

3,713

14,337

21,531
21,032
—
11,125
440
—
(548)
18,890
(754)
1,945

112,896
(2,781)
(11,380)
6,473
(54,699)
2,255
(8,040)
—
(5,892)
(42,563)
(17,384)
(22,308)
(60,827)

(9,717)
(1,278,637)
1,770,825
—
1,072
530
3,771
487,844

(655)
—
(655)
3,057
429,419
105,037

95,982
9,055
534,456

527,407
7,049

62

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

F-8

Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Organization and Principal Activities

Phoenix New Media Limited (“PNM”, or the “Company”) was incorporated in the Cayman Islands on November 22, 2007 by 

Phoenix Satellite Television (B.V.I.) Holding Limited (the “Parent”), a subsidiary of Phoenix Media Investment (Holdings) Limited 
(“Phoenix TV”). As of December 31, 2023, the Company had eleven subsidiaries, two variable interest entities (“VIEs”) and eighteen 
subsidiaries of VIEs. The Company, its subsidiaries, VIEs and subsidiaries of the VIEs are hereinafter collectively referred to as the 
“Group”. Phoenix TV, its subsidiaries and VIEs excluding the Group are collectively referred to as the Phoenix TV Group. The Group 
generates revenues from providing advertising services and paid services, which include paid contents, E-commerce and others. While 
the Group’s VIEs hold certain licenses and approvals to operate Internet-related businesses in the People’s Republic of China 
(“China” or the “PRC”), they are also in the process of applying for certain licenses for the operations of their businesses, including an 
Internet audio-visual program transmission license and an Internet news license.          

Major subsidiaries, VIEs and the subsidiaries of the VIEs as of December 31, 2023 are set out below:

Name

Place of 
Incorporation

Date of 
Incorporation

Percentage of 
Direct or Indirect 
Economic 
Ownership

Principal Activity

Direct subsidiaries:

Phoenix Satellite Television Information Limited

Phoenix New Media (Hong Kong) Company Limited
Phoenix New Media (Hong Kong) Information Technology Company 
Limited
Indirect subsidiaries:
Fenghuang On-line (Beijing) Information Technology Co., Ltd. 
(“Fenghuang On-line”)
Beijing Fenghuang Yutian Software Technology Co., Ltd. (“Fenghuang 
Yutian”)
Fenghuang Feiyang (Beijing) New Media Information Technology Co., 
Ltd. (“Fenghuang Feiyang”)
Beijing Fenghuang Borui Software Technology Co., Ltd. (“Fenghuang 
Borui”)
Tianjin Fengying Hongda Culture Communication Co., Ltd. (“Fengying 
Hongda”)
VIEs:
Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd. (“Tianying 
Jiuzhou”)
Beijing Fenghuang Ronghe Investment Co., Ltd. (“Fenghuang Ronghe”)
Subsidiaries of VIEs:
Yifeng Lianhe (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. (“Yifeng Lianhe”)
Beijing Tianying Chuangzhi Advertising Co., Ltd. (“Tianying 
Chuangzhi”)
Beijing Fengyu Network Technology Co., Ltd. (“Fengyu Network”)
Tianjin Fenghuang Mingdao Culture Communication Co., Ltd. 
(“Fenghuang Mingdao”)
Beijing Fenghuang Tianbo Network Technology Co., Ltd. (“Tianbo”)

Shanghai Fengyu Shixun Technology Co., Ltd. (“Fengyu Shixun”)

Beijing Fengyue Culture Technology Co., Ltd. (“Fengyue Culture”)
Hainan Lefeng Culture Communication Co., Ltd. (“Lefeng”)
Fenghuang Feiyang (Guangzhou) International Culture Communication 
Co., Ltd.(“Feiyang Guangzhou”)

British Virgin Islands 
(“BVI”)
Hong Kong

September 1, 1999

February 24, 2011

Hong Kong

April 22, 2014

PRC

PRC

PRC

PRC

PRC

PRC

PRC

PRC

PRC

PRC

PRC

PRC

PRC

PRC
PRC

PRC

December 20, 2005

June 15, 2012

October 25, 2013

October 13, 2014

March 13, 2017

April 18, 2000

September 18, 2015

June 16, 2006

February 8, 2010

June 1, 2012

May 24, 2013

May 31, 2013

December 21, 2016

January 19, 2017
December 30, 2020

September 29, 2022

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

50%

100%

100%
100%

100%

Investment holding

Advertising

Investment holding

Technical consulting

Software development

Advertising

Software development

Advertising

Advertising and paid 
services
Investment holding

Paid services

Advertising

Paid services

Advertising

Advertising
Advertising and paid 
services
Paid services
Advertising

Advertising

In order to comply with Chinese laws and regulations that prohibit or restrict foreign ownership of companies that operate 

Internet content and advertising businesses, a series of agreements (the “Contractual Agreements”) were entered into among 
Fenghuang On-line, Tianying Jiuzhou, Yifeng Lianhe and their legal shareholders in 2009, and among Qieyiyou (Beijing) Information 
Technology Co., Ltd. (“Qieyiyou”), Beijing Chenhuan Technology Co., Ltd. (“Chenhuan”), and their legal shareholders in 2015. 

In March 2021, shareholders of Yifeng Lianhe transferred all of their equity interest in Yifeng Lianhe to Fenghuang Ronghe, 

and Yifeng Lianhe became a wholly owned subsidiary of Fenghuang Ronghe. Fenghuang On-line terminated the contractual 
agreements with Yifeng Lianhe and then entered into a series of new contractual arrangements with Fenghuang Ronghe. The 
contractual arrangements with Fenghuang Ronghe and their respective shareholders allow the Group to direct the activities that most 
significantly impact the economic performance of Fenghuang Ronghe and its subsidiary, Yifeng Lianhe, and to derive substantially all 
of the economic benefits from them. 

F-9

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Organization and Principal Activities (Continued)

The Group operates digital reading business through Fengyu Network. Historically, the Group directed the activities that most 

significantly impact the economic performance of Fengyu Network and derived substantially all of the economic benefits from 
Fengyu Network through the contractual arrangements entered into among Qieyiyou, Chenhuan and the shareholders of Chenhuan, 
which previously wholly owned Fengyu Network. In order to streamline organizational structure and control operational costs, the 
Group terminated such contractual arrangements in August 2022 and Fengyu Network is currently wholly owned by Tianying 
Jiuzhou.   

Through the aforementioned activities, Tianying Jiuzhou and Fenghuang Ronghe are considered as VIEs in accordance with 

accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). Fenghuang On-line has been entitled to substantially all 
the economic risks and rewards associated with the VIEs, and is the primary beneficiaries of the VIEs. 

Voting Right Entrustment Agreements

Pursuant to the voting right entrustment agreements among the VIEs, their legal shareholders and Fenghuang On-line, each 

legal shareholder of the VIEs agreed to grant a person designated by Fenghuang On-line the right to exercise their rights as 
shareholders, including all voting rights, as well as rights to attend and propose the convening of shareholder meetings. Unless 
otherwise required by law, the voting right entrustment agreements will remain in effect indefinitely unless both parties agree to 
terminate the agreements in writing, or unless the Fenghuang On-line decide in their discretion to terminate the relevant agreements.

Exclusive Equity Option Agreements

Under the exclusive equity option agreements among the VIEs, their legal shareholders and Fenghuang On-line, legal 
shareholders of the VIEs irrevocably granted Fenghuang On-line or its designated person an irrevocable, unconditional and exclusive 
option to purchase, to the extent permitted by applicable PRC laws, all of the equity interest in the VIEs from the legal shareholders. 
The purchase price for the entire equity interest of each VIE is to be calculated based on the paid-up amount of the relevant equity 
interest or the minimum price permitted by applicable PRC laws. The exclusive equity option agreements will remain in effect until all 
of the equity interest in the VIEs has been duly transferred to Fenghuang On-line or its designated representatives.

Loan Agreements

Pursuant to the loan agreements among Fenghuang On-line, and legal shareholders of their VIEs, Fenghuang On-line granted 
interest-free loans to the legal shareholders of the VIEs for an amount that is equal to their respective capital contribution in the VIEs. 
The loans can be repaid only with proceeds from the sale of all of the respective shareholder’s equity interest in the applicable VIE to 
Fenghuang On-line, or its designated representatives pursuant to the applicable exclusive equity option agreements. The term of each 
loan is ten years, and may be extended upon mutual agreements of the parties. On December 31, 2019, Tianying Jiuzhou and 
Fenghuang On-line entered into a supplemental agreement to extend the loan for a term of ten years upon expiration of the original 
loan agreement on the same day.

Equity Pledge Agreements

Under the equity pledge agreements among the VIEs, their legal shareholders and Fenghuang On-line, the legal shareholders 

of the VIEs have pledged their equity interest in the VIEs to Fenghuang On-line to secure the performance of the obligations of the 
VIEs and their legal shareholders under the applicable exclusive technical licensing and services agreements, voting right entrustment 
agreements, exclusive equity option agreements and loan agreements. The equity pledge agreements will remain in effect until the 
secured obligations have been fully performed by the VIEs or released by Fenghuang On-line.

Exclusive Technical Licensing and Service Agreements

Under the exclusive technical licensing and service agreements between Fenghuang On-line and each of the VIEs, Fenghuang 

On-line has the exclusive right to provide technical and consulting services to their respective VIEs. The VIEs have agreed to pay a 
service fee to Fenghuang On-line equal to a certain percentage of their respective annual revenues plus a special service fee for certain 
services rendered by Fenghuang On-line at the request of the VIEs. The technical service agreements also transfer all of the economic 
benefits of intellectual property created by the VIEs to Fenghuang On-line. Each exclusive technical services agreement will remain in 
effect indefinitely and can be terminated only by Fenghuang On-line unless otherwise required by law.

F-10

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Organization and Principal Activities (Continued)

The Group has evaluated the relationship among the Company, Fenghuang On-line and the VIEs in accordance with U.S. 

GAAP. Pursuant to the voting right entrustment agreements, the Company has obtained power, as granted by the legal shareholders by 
the applicable PRC law and under the articles of association of the VIEs, to direct all significant activities of the VIEs, which include 
but are not limited to budgeting, financing, and making other strategic and operational decisions, and will significantly impact the 
VIEs’ economic performance. Pursuant to the exclusive technical licensing and service agreements and other agreements, the 
Company has the right to receive benefits of the VIEs in the form of technical service fees, which could potentially be significant to 
the VIEs’ net income. In addition, the Company has the right to receive all the residual assets of the VIEs through exercise of the 
exclusive equity option agreements. As a result, the Company, through Fenghuang On-line, is considered the primary beneficiary of 
the VIEs and therefore includes the VIEs’ assets, liabilities and operating results in its consolidated financial statements.

Risks in relation to the VIE structure

The Company is not an operating company in China but a Cayman Islands holding company, which has no equity ownership 
in the VIEs, with operations primarily conducted by its PRC subsidiaries and through contractual arrangements with the VIEs based in 
China. The Company operates part businesses in China through the VIEs, and rely on contractual arrangements among its PRC 
subsidiaries, the VIEs and their respective shareholders to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic 
performance of the VIEs and to derive substantially all of the economic benefits from them. Revenue contributed by the VIEs and 
subsidiaries of the VIEs accounted for 44.7%, 44.5% and 43.4% of the Group’s total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2021, 
2022 and 2023, respectively.

The Group’s corporate structure is subject to risks associated with its contractual arrangements with the VIEs. Investors may 

never directly hold equity interest in the VIEs. It is possible that the Group’s operation of certain of its operations and businesses 
through VIEs could be found by PRC authorities to be in violation of PRC law and regulations prohibiting or restricting foreign 
ownership of companies that engage in such operations and businesses, or if these regulations or their interpretations change in the 
future, the Group could be subject to severe penalties, forced to relinquish its interests in those operations or required to restructure its 
ownership structure or operations, including terminating the contractual arrangements with the VIEs or deregistering the equity pledge 
of the VIEs, which in turn would affect its ability to consolidate and derive economic interests from the VIEs and thus have a material 
effect on its operations and result in the value of its ADSs diminishing substantially. 

Under the Contractual Agreements with the VIEs, the Company has the power to direct the activities of all the VIEs and 

subsidiaries of the VIEs, and can have assets transferred out of the VIEs and subsidiaries of the VIEs. Therefore, the Company 
considers itself the ultimate primary beneficiary of the VIEs and there is no asset of the VIEs that can only be used to settle obligations 
of the VIEs and subsidiaries of the VIEs, except for registered capital and PRC statutory reserves of the VIEs and subsidiaries of the 
VIEs amounting to RMB25.2 million as of December 31, 2023. As all the VIEs and subsidiaries of the VIEs are incorporated as 
limited liability companies under the PRC Company Law, the creditors of the VIEs and subsidiaries of the VIEs do not have recourse 
to the general credit of the Company. The amounts of the consolidated VIEs’ current liabilities without recourse to the Company 
disclosed on the face of the consolidated balance sheets have excluded the amounts due to inter-company entities. There is currently 
no contractual arrangement that would require the Company to provide additional financial support to the VIEs. However, as the 
Company is conducting certain businesses through the VIEs and subsidiaries of the VIEs, the Company may provide such support on 
a discretionary basis in the future, which could expose the Company to a loss. 

F-11

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Organization and Principal Activities (Continued)

The following tables set forth the summarized assets, liabilities, results of operations and cash flows of the consolidated VIEs 

and their subsidiaries (in thousands):

Cash and cash equivalents
Term deposits and short-term investments
Accounts receivable, net
Amounts due from related parties
Amounts due from inter-company entities
Other current assets

Current assets

Equity investments, net
Deferred income tax assets, net
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net
Other non-current assets

Non-current assets

Total assets

Accounts payable
Amounts due to related parties
Amounts due to inter-company entities
Advances from customers
Taxes payable
Salary and welfare payable
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Revenues
Gross profit
Net loss

Notes:

As of December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

33,626
14,207
175,544
34,225
124,932
19,017
401,551
101,389
46,769
46,294
40,680
235,132
636,683
57,363
27,296
650,800
20,653
82,355
53,844
69,183
961,494
49,000
1,010,494

110,958
167,097
84,809
31,204
55,006
16,668
465,742
88,221
27,841
28,486
26,215
170,763
636,505
37,310
6,106
789,452
21,423
72,581
37,440
56,548
1,020,860
29,870
1,050,730

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

487,323
227,819
(153,574)

376,120
112,851
(43,898)

340,421
103,852
(41,008)

(1) For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, the VIEs have incurred revenues of RMB27.0 million, RMB26.4 million 

and RMB40.1 million, respectively, derived from inter-company entities and the corresponding inter-company entities 
concurrently recognized same amounts as fees, which have been eliminated upon consolidation.

(2) For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, the VIEs have incurred costs of RMB16.8 million, RMB13.5 million and 
RMB23.0 million, respectively, related to technical services provided by the inter-company entities and the corresponding inter-
company entities concurrently recognized same amounts as revenues, which have been eliminated upon consolidation. 

  Cash flow from operating activities￿
    Net cash (used in)/provided by transactions with inter-company entities
    Net cash (used in)/provided by transactions with third parties
Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities
  Cash flow from investing activities￿
    Loans (paid to)/collected from inter-company entities
    Net cash provided by/(used in) other investing activities
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities
  Cash flow from financing activities￿
    Investments from inter-company entities
    Repatriation of capital to facilitate the reorganization
    (Repayment of)/proceeds from loans from inter-company entities
    Net cash used in other financing activities
Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activities

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

(44,528)
(75,240)
(119,768)

(12,523)
93,034
80,511

400
(10,000)
(20,890)
(240)
(30,730)

45,768
(62,108)
(16,340)

(77,751)
79,148
1,397

—
—
123
—
123

(4,885)
5,180
295

72,427
(154,830)
(82,403)

—
—
157,423
—
157,423

F-12

 
1. Organization and Principal Activities (Continued)

Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

As of December 31, 2023, there was no pledge or collateralization of the VIEs’ assets. Unrecognized revenue-producing 

assets that are held by the VIEs and subsidiaries of the VIEs mainly comprise of the Online Culture Operating Permit, the Publication 
Operation Permit, the Permit for Radio and Television Program Production and Operation, the Value-added Telecommunications 
Business Operating License, trademark, and domain name. Recognized revenue-producing assets that are held by the VIEs and 
subsidiaries of the VIEs mainly comprise of property and equipment, licensed copyrights of reading content, and audio content. The 
balances and transactions of the consolidated VIEs disclosed above were reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements 
with inter-company transactions eliminated.

2.  Principal Accounting Policies

(a) Basis of presentation, principles of consolidation, and cost allocations

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company, its subsidiaries, its VIEs and the 

subsidiaries of the VIEs. The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and on a going 
concern basis. All significant transactions and balances among the Company, its subsidiaries, its VIEs and the subsidiaries of the VIEs 
have been eliminated upon consolidation. The Company consolidates the VIEs as required by Accounting Standards Codification 
(“ASC”) 810 Consolidation, because Fenghuang On-line holds all the variable interests of the VIEs and has been determined to be the 
primary beneficiaries of the VIEs (see Note 1).               

The Group and Phoenix TV Group have engaged in various mutual cooperation activities in content, branding, promotions, 

technical support and corporate management. The Group entered into a program resource license and cooperation agreement with 
Phoenix TV Group on January 15, 2020, or the 2020 Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement, to use Phoenix TV 
Group’s copyrighted video content. The annual license fees payable to Phoenix TV Group under the 2020 Program Resource License 
and Cooperation Agreement were RMB2.0 million plus 50% of the revenue generated from the use of the licensed program resource 
in excess of RMB2.0 million. The 2020 Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement had a term of two years. In August 
2021, the Group entered into a new program resource license and cooperation agreement, or the 2021 Program License Agreement, 
with Phoenix TV Group and terminated the 2020 Program Resource License and Cooperation Agreement. The 2021 Program License 
Agreement grants the Group exclusive right to broadcast copyrighted video content and the derived audio content from three 
television channels of Phoenix TV Group on the internet in Mainland China with such content also broadcasted on the three television 
channels of Phoenix TV Group and also the right to sublicense such contents. The annual fees payable to Phoenix TV Group by the 
Group for such content licenses will be RMB45.0 million and the 2021 Program License Agreement has a term of three years.            

The Group and Phoenix TV Group entered into a series of trademark license agreements, under which Phoenix TV Group 

granted the Group the right to use the trademarks and the right to sublicense certain trademarks to agents that operate local websites of 
the Group. In December 2020, the Group and Phoenix TV Group successfully renewed the terms of the trademark license agreements 
to December 2023 (the “2020 Trademark License Agreements”). The 2020 Trademark License Agreements covered additional 
trademarks registered in various classes containing the double-phoenix logo together with the Chinese or English words of "Phoenix 
New Media" or "ifeng" and other variations, while retained the clause of the annual license fee payable to Phoenix TV Group, which 
is the greater of 2% of the annual revenues of Tianying Jiuzhou and Yifeng Lianhe or US$100,000 for each company. In December 
2023, the Group entered into supplemental agreements with Phoenix TV Group (the “2023 Trademark License Agreements”) to renew 
the 2020 Trademark License Agreements. The 2023 Trademark License Agreements extended the terms of the 2020 Trademark 
License Agreements to December 7, 2026 and covered additional trademarks registered in various classes containing the double-
phoenix logo together with the Chinese or English words of “Phoenix New Media” or “ifeng” and other variations. The 2023 
Trademark License Agreements also changed the licensed territory from “Mainland China” to “countries or territories where the 
trademark is registered” and authorized sub-license of the relevant trademarks to the Group’s affiliated companies for the purpose of 
account registration on any third-party platforms. Except for above terms, the 2023 Trademark License Agreements did not change the 
other terms of the 2020 Trademark License Agreements.  

Apart from the above cooperation agreements, Phoenix TV Group also paid certain expenses on behalf of the Group, such as 
data line usage and other general and administrative expenses, which the Group needed to settle with Phoenix TV Group based on the 
actual amount, and were recorded in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss). The Group also earned and recorded 
advertising revenues from Phoenix TV Group by providing joint advertising campaign solutions together with Phoenix TV Group to 
Phoenix TV Group’s advertisers or to the Group’s advertisers, or from providing the advertising and promotion services directly to 
Phoenix TV Group by entering into advertising-for-advertising barter transactions. Refer to Note 21 for the details of all the above 
related party transactions.

F-13

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(b) Use of estimates

The preparation of the Group’s consolidated financial statements in conformity with the U.S. GAAP requires management to 

make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and 
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual 
results could differ materially from such estimates. The Group bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other 
assumptions that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of 
assets and liabilities.

(c) Business combinations and noncontrolling interests

The Group accounts for its business combinations using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805 

Business Combinations. The cost of an acquisition is measured as the aggregate of the acquisition date fair value of the assets 
transferred to the sellers and liabilities incurred by the Group and equity instruments issued as well as the contingent considerations as 
of the acquisition date. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition are expensed as incurred. Identifiable assets and 
liabilities acquired or assumed are measured separately at their fair values as of the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of any 
noncontrolling interests. The excess of (i) the total costs of acquisition, fair value of the noncontrolling interests and acquisition date 
fair value of any previously held equity interest in the acquiree over (ii) the fair value of the identifiable tangible and intangible net 
assets of the acquiree is recorded as goodwill. If the cost of acquisition is less than the fair value of the net assets of the subsidiary 
acquired, the difference is recognized directly in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss). During the 
measurement period, which can be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Group may record adjustments to the assets acquired 
and liabilities assumed with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final 
determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded 
to the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss).

In a business combination achieved in stages, the Group re-measures the previously held equity interest in the acquiree 
immediately before obtaining control at its acquisition date fair value and the re-measurement gain or loss, if any, is recognized in the 
consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss).

When there is a change in ownership interests or a change in contractual arrangements that results in a loss of control of a 

subsidiary, the Group deconsolidates the subsidiary from the date control is lost. Any retained noncontrolling investment in the former 
subsidiary is measured at fair value and is included in the calculation of the gain or loss upon deconsolidation of the subsidiary.

For the Group’s non-wholly owned subsidiaries, a noncontrolling interest is recognized to reflect portion of equity that is not 
attributable, directly or indirectly, to the Group. When the noncontrolling interest is contingently redeemable upon the occurrence of a 
conditional event, which is not solely within the control of the Group, the noncontrolling interest is classified as mezzanine equity. 
Transactions with changes in the Group’s ownership interest while it retains its controlling financial interest in its subsidiary shall be 
accounted for as equity transactions. Therefore, no gain or loss shall be recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive 
income/(loss). The carrying amount of the noncontrolling interest shall be adjusted to reflect the change in its ownership interest in the 
subsidiary. Any difference between the fair value of the consideration received or paid and the amount by which the noncontrolling 
interest is adjusted shall be recognized in equity attributable to the Group. Consolidated net income/(loss) in the consolidated 
statements of comprehensive income/(loss) includes net income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interests. The cumulative results 
of operations attributable to noncontrolling interests, along with adjustments for share-based compensation expense arising from 
outstanding share-based awards relating to the subsidiaries’ shares, are also recorded as noncontrolling interests in the Group’s 
consolidated balance sheets. Cash flows related to transactions with noncontrolling interests are presented under financing activities in 
the consolidated statements of cash flows.

F-14

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(d) Foreign currency translation

The Group uses Renminbi (“RMB”) as its reporting currency. The Company’s operations in the PRC and other regions use 

their respective currencies as their functional currencies. In the consolidated financial statements, the financial information of the 
Company and its subsidiaries, which use U.S. dollars or Hong Kong dollars as their functional currency, have been translated into 
RMB at the exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China (the “PBOC”). Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange 
rates on the balance sheet date, equity amounts are translated at historical exchange rates, and revenues, expenses, gains, and losses 
are translated using the average rate for the period. Translation adjustments arising from these are reported as foreign currency 
translation adjustments and have been shown as a component of other comprehensive loss or income in the consolidated statements of 
shareholders’ equity and the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss).

Foreign currency transactions denominated in currencies other than functional currency are translated into the functional 

currency using the exchange rates prevailing on the dates of the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign 
currencies on the balance sheet date are remeasured at the applicable rates of exchange in effect on that date. Foreign currency 
exchange gain or loss resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from remeasurement at period-end is recognized in 
foreign currency exchange gain or loss in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss).

(e) Fair value of financial instruments

U.S. GAAP establishes a three-tier hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring the fair 
value of financial instruments. This hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of 
unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The three-tier fair value hierarchy is:

Level 1— Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets

Level 2— Include other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace

Level 3— Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity

U.S. GAAP describes three main approaches to measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities: (1) market approach; (2) 

income approach and (3) cost approach. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated from market 
transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities. The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future 
amounts to a single present value amount. The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about 
those future amounts. The cost approach is based on the amount that would currently be required to replace an asset. In some 
circumstances, a combined approach of the aforementioned three approaches may be used to measure the fair values.

The Group’s financial instruments mainly include cash equivalents, term deposits, short-term investments, restricted cash, 

accounts receivable, amounts due from related parties, prepayments and other current assets, available-for-sale debt investments, 
accounts payable, amounts due to related parties, and accrued expense and other current liabilities. Refer to Note 18 for details.

(f) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents represent cash on hand, demand deposits, time deposits and highly liquid investments placed with 

banks or other financial institutions, which are unrestricted to withdrawal or use, and which have original maturities of three months or 
less. 

F-15

Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(g) Term deposits, short-term investments

Term deposits represent term deposits placed with banks with original maturities of more than three months and up to one 

year.

Short-term investments represent investments in financial instruments with a variable interest rate indexed to performance of 

underlying assets, all of which are with original maturity of less than 12 months.

In accordance with ASC 825, for investments in financial instruments with a variable interest rate indexed to performance of 
underlying assets, the Group elected the fair value method at the date of initial recognition and carried these investments at fair value. 
Fair value is estimated based on quoted prices of similar products provided by banks at the end of each period and changes in the fair 
value are reflected in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income as interest income. The Group classifies the valuation 
techniques that use these inputs as Level 2 of fair value measurements. Please see Note 18 for additional information.

(h) Restricted cash

Restricted cash represents deposits placed in accounts co-managed with third-parties related to the real estate services, which 

are restricted to withdrawal or usage.

(i) Accounts receivable, net

Accounts receivable is the Group’s right to consideration that is unconditional, and the right to consideration is unconditional 

if only the passage of time is required before payment of that consideration is due. The carrying value of accounts receivable is 
reduced by an allowance that reflects the Group’s best estimate of the amounts that will not be collected. 

Notes receivable mainly represents the Group’s commercial acceptance bills received from customers in exchange for goods 

or services that it has transferred to customers. The carrying value of notes receivable is reduced by an allowance that reflects the 
Group’s best estimate of the amounts that will not be collected. All notes receivable balances are included in and presented as 
accounts receivable, net in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Group makes estimations of the collectability of accounts receivable and notes receivable. Accounts receivable and notes 

receivable are measured at amortized cost and reported on the consolidated balance sheets at the outstanding principals adjusted for 
any write-offs and any allowance for expected credit losses, since the Group adopted ASC 326 beginning from January 1, 2020. In 
determining the amount of the allowance for expected credit losses, the Group considers historical collectability based on historical 
collection activity, current business environment and forecasts of future macroeconomic conditions that may affect the customers’ 
ability of payment. Refer to Note 4 for details.

(j) Expected credit loss 

 The Group adopted ASC 326 Financial Instruments—Credit Losses beginning from January 1, 2020, which introduces new 

guidance for expected credit losses on instruments within its scope. 

ASC 326 introduces an approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, 

including accounts receivable and notes receivable, held-to-maturity debt securities, loans and net investments in leases. The new 
guidance also modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities and requires entities to determine whether all or a 
portion of the unrealized loss on an available-for-sale debt security is a credit loss. Further, the new guidance indicates that entities 
may not use the length of time a security has been in an unrealized loss position as a factor in concluding whether an expected credit 
loss exists. The allowance for accounts receivable is the Group’s estimate of expected credit losses based on historical collection 
activity, current business environment and forecasts of future macroeconomic conditions that may affect the customers’ ability of 
payment. The Group estimated the allowance by segmenting accounts receivable into groups based on certain expected credit risk 
characteristics, and determining an expected loss rate for each group based on historical loss experience adjusted for judgments 
including default rates, lifetime for debt recovery, current and future economic conditions and other relevant factors. 

F-16

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(k) Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment. Property and equipment are 

depreciated over the following estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis:

Computers
Equipment, furniture and motor vehicles
Leasehold improvements

Estimated Useful Lives

3 years
5 years
Lesser of lease terms or the estimated useful lives of the assets

Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. The gain or loss on the disposal of property and 

equipment is the difference between the net sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the relevant assets and is recognized in the 
consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss).

(l) Intangible assets, net

Intangible assets acquired through business acquisitions are recognized as assets separate from goodwill if they satisfy either 

the “contractual-legal” or “separability” criterion. Intangible assets mainly consist of computer software purchased from unrelated 
third parties, licensed copyrights of reading content, audio content, trademark and an Internet domain name. Intangible assets are 
stated at cost less impairment and accumulated amortization, which is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated 
useful lives of the assets. Separately identifiable intangible assets that have determinable lives continue to be amortized over their 
estimated useful lives using the straight-line method as follows:

Computer software
Licensed copyrights of reading content
Trademark and Domain names
Audio content

Estimated Useful Lives

5 years
Lesser of the licensed period or 5 years
10 years
Lesser of the licensed period or 5 years

The Group amortizes the licensed copyrights for reading content and audio content in “cost of revenues” on a straight-line 

basis. 

The Group performed intangible assets impairment assessment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the 

carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured through the use of an undiscounted future cash flow 
model when an indication of impairment is determined to exist. If an asset is determined to be not recoverable, its carrying amount is 
reduced to the estimated fair value determined using a discounted cash flow model. The Group’s impairment tests included significant 
assumptions and estimates relating to revenue growth and timing of projected future cash flows.

(m) Available-for-sale debt investments

In accordance with ASC 320 Investments-Debt and Equity Securities, the Group classifies the investments in debt securities 

as “held-to-maturity”, “trading” or “available-for-sale”. The securities that the Group has positive intent and ability to hold to maturity 
are classified as held-to-maturity securities. The securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the 
near term are classified as trading securities. Investments that have readily determinable fair values not classified as trading or as held-
to-maturity are classified as available-for-sale debt investments. Available-for-sale debt investments are reported at fair value, which 
is estimated by management, with unrealized gains and losses, if any, recorded in the accumulated other comprehensive loss or 
income in shareholder’s equity. The tax effects of the unrealized gains and losses of the available-for-sale debt investments should be 
recorded net against the pre-tax changes in other comprehensive income. The Group determines whether a decline in fair value of 
available-for-sale debt securities below the amortized cost basis has resulted from a credit loss or other factors and records impairment 
relating to credit losses through an allowance for expected credit losses. However, the allowance shall be limited by the amount that 
the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Impairment that has not been recorded through an allowance for expected credit 
losses shall be recorded through other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. Investments with maturities of greater than 12 
months are recorded in non-current assets.

F-17

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(n) Equity investments

Equity investments accounted for using the equity method

Investments in common stock or in-substance common stock and limited-partnership investments in entities over which the 

Group can exercise significant influence but does not own a majority equity interest or control are accounted for using the equity 
method of accounting in accordance with ASC 323 Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures. The Group adjusts the carrying 
amount of equity method investment for its share of the income or losses of the investee and reports the recognized income or losses 
in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss). When the Group’s share of losses in the equity investee equals or 
exceeds its interest in the equity investee, the Group does not recognize further losses, unless the Group has incurred obligations or 
made payments or guarantees on behalf of the equity investee, or the Group holds other investments in the equity investee. The 
Group’s share of the income or losses of an investee is based on the shares of common stock and in-substance common stock held by 
the Group. 

The Group continually reviews its investment in equity investees under the equity method to determine whether a decline in 

fair value to below the carrying value is other-than-temporary. The primary factors the Group considers in its determination are the 
duration and severity of the decline in fair value, the financial condition, operating performance and the prospects of the equity 
investee, and other company specific information such as recent financing rounds.

Equity investments measured at Measurement Alternative

The Group has adopted ASU 2016-1 Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities since 
January 1, 2018 pursuant to which the Group measures equity investments, other than those accounted for under the equity method, at 
fair value through earnings. For investments in equity securities lacking of readily determinable fair values, the Group elects to record 
these investments at cost, less impairment, plus or minus subsequent adjustments for observable price changes (referred to as the 
measurement alternative). Under this measurement alternative, changes in the carrying value of the investments will be recognized in 
consolidated statement of comprehensive income/(loss), whenever there are observable price changes in orderly transactions for the 
identical or similar investment of the same issuer.

For those equity investments that the Group elects to use the measurement alternative, the Group makes a qualitative 

assessment of whether the investment is impaired at each reporting date. If a qualitative assessment indicates that the investment is 
impaired, the Group has to estimate the investment’s fair value in accordance with the principles of ASC 820, Fair Value 
Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”). If the fair value is less than the investment’s carrying value, the Group recognizes an 
impairment loss in net income/(loss) equal to the difference between the carrying value and fair value.

Equity investments measured at NAV practical expedient 

The Group accounts for investments in private equity funds under the existing practical expedient in ASC Topic 820 to 

estimate fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) of the investment (“NAV practical expedient”), over which 
the Group does not have the ability to exercise significant influence. 

(o) Impairment of long-lived assets

Long-lived assets such as property and equipment and intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or 

changes in the circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. When these events occur, the Group 
assesses the recoverability of the long-lived assets by comparing the carrying amount to the estimated future undiscounted cash flows 
associated from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition, and recognize an impairment of long-lived assets when the carrying 
value of such assets exceeds the estimated future undiscounted cash flows such assets is expected to generate. If the Group identifies 
an impairment, the Group reduces the carrying amount of the assets or asset group to its estimated fair value based on a discounted 
cash flow approach or, when available and appropriate, to comparable market values.

F-18

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(p) ASC 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers

 The Group has adopted ASC 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers for all periods presented. The following table 

presents the Group’s revenues disaggregated by products and services (in thousands):

Net advertising revenues
Paid services revenues

Revenues from paid contents
Revenues from E-commerce and others

Total

Contract balances

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

930,025
100,306
43,113
57,193
1,030,331

696,664
89,043
33,847
55,196
785,707

619,260
72,760
34,917
37,843
692,020

Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. Contract asset represents the Group’s 

right to consideration in exchange for goods or services that it has transferred to a customer when that right is conditioned on 
something other than the passage of time (for example, the entity’s future performance). Accounts receivable represent amounts 
invoiced and contract assets are recorded for revenue recognized prior to invoicing, when the Group has satisfied its performance 
obligations and has the unconditional right to payment. Contract assets as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 were not material.

If a customer pays consideration, or the Group has a right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional (that is, a 

receivable), before the Group transfers a good or service to the customer, the Group shall present the contract as a contract liability 
when the payment is made or the payment is due (whichever is earlier). A contract liability is the Group’s obligation to transfer goods 
or services to a customer for which it has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. Advances 
from customers and deferred revenue relate to unsatisfied performance obligations at the end of the period and primarily consist of 
fees received from advertisers. Due to the generally short-term duration of the contracts, the majority of the performance obligations 
are satisfied in the following reporting period. Contract liability is presented as advances from customers in the balance sheet. 
Revenues recognized for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2023 that were included in the contract liability balance at the 
beginning of the period were RMB19.0 million and RMB17.6 million, respectively.

The assets recognized for costs incurred to fulfill contracts shall be amortized on a systematic basis that is consistent with the 

transfer to the customer of the goods or services to which the asset relates. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the costs incurred to 
fulfill contracts recognized as assets were immaterial.  

Practical expedients

The Group has used the following practical expedients as allowed under ASC 606:

i.

ii.

iii.

The transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied, or partially unsatisfied, has not been 
disclosed as substantially all of the Group’s contracts have duration of one year or less.

Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type, although terms generally include a requirement of prepayment or 
payment within one year or less. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of 
invoicing, the Group has determined that its contracts generally do not include a significant financing component.

The Group generally expenses sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period would be one year or 
less. These costs are recorded within sales and marketing expenses.

F-19

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(q) Revenue recognition

According to ASC 606, revenue is recognized when control of the promised services is transferred to the customers, in an 

amount that reflects the consideration the Group expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services. The recognition of revenues 
involves certain management judgments, including the estimation of the fair value of the noncash transaction and volume sales 
rebates. The Group does not believe that significant management judgments are involved in revenue recognition, but the amount and 
timing of the Group’s revenues could be different for any period if management made different judgments or utilized different 
estimates.

The Group adopts the five-step model for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers:

Step 1: Identify the contract(s) with a customer,

Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract,

Step 3: Determine the transaction price,

Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract,

Step 5: Recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.

The Group evaluates if it is a principal or an agent in a transaction to determine whether revenue should be recorded on a 

gross or net basis. The Group is acting as the principal if it obtains control over the goods and services before they are transferred to 
customers. When the Group is primarily obligated in a transaction, is generally subject to inventory risk, has latitude in establishing 
prices, or has several but not all of these indicators, the Group acts as the principal and revenue is recorded on a gross basis. When the 
Group is not primarily obligated in a transaction, does not generally bear the inventory risk and does not have the ability to establish 
the price, the Group acts as the agent and revenue is recorded on a net basis.

(i) Net advertising revenues

Advertising revenues are derived principally from advertising contracts with customers where the advertisers pay to place 

their advertisements on the Group’s ifeng.com, mobile Internet website i.ifeng.com, its mobile applications and third-party platforms 
in different formats over a particular period of time. Such formats generally include but are not limited to banners, news feed, text-
links, videos, logos, buttons and rich media. The Group’s performance obligations are to place the customers’ advertisements on 
different spots, in different formats and at different times.

The Group’s contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, the Group 
allocates revenues to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. The Group generally determines 
standalone selling prices of each distinct performance obligation based on the prices charged to customers when sold on a standalone 
basis. Where standalone selling price is not directly observable, the Group generally estimates selling prices based on the publicly 
published advertising rate card, times the relevant discount rates, taking into considerations of the historical trend, the pricing of 
advertising areas sold with similar popularities, advertisements with similar formats and quoted prices from competitors, and other 
relevant market conditions. The Group recognizes revenue on the satisfied performance obligations and defers the recognition of 
revenue for the estimated value of the undelivered elements until the remaining performance obligations have been satisfied. When all 
of the elements within an arrangement are delivered uniformly over the agreement period, the revenues are recognized on a straight-
line basis over the contract period.

F-20

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(q) Revenue recognition (continued)

(i) Net advertising revenues (continued)

Currently the advertising business has three main types of pricing models, consisting of the Cost Per Day (“CPD”) model, the 

Cost Per Impression (“CPM”) model, and the Cost Per Click (“CPC”) model.

CPD model

Under the CPD model, a contract is signed to establish a fixed price for the advertising services to be provided over a period 

of time. Given the advertisers benefit from the displayed advertising evenly, the Group recognizes revenue on a straight-line basis 
over the period of display, provided all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

CPM model

Under the CPM model, the unit price for each qualifying display is fixed and stated in the contract with the advertiser. A 

qualifying display is defined as the appearance of an advertisement, where the advertisement meets criteria specified in the contract. 
Given that the fees are priced consistently throughout the contract and the unit prices are consistent with the Group’s pricing practices 
with similar customers, the Group recognizes revenue based on the fixed unit prices and the number of qualifying displays upon 
occurrence of display, provided all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

CPC model

Under the CPC model, there is no fixed price for advertising services stated in the contract with the advertiser and the unit 

price for each click is auction-based. The Group charges advertisers on a per-click basis, when the users click on the advertisements. 
Given that the fees are priced consistently throughout the contract and the unit prices are consistent with the Group’s pricing practices 
with similar customers, the Group recognizes revenue based on qualifying clicks and the unit price upon the occurrence of a click, 
provided all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

Agency service fees to third-party advertising agencies

Certain customers may receive sales rebates, which are accounted for as variable consideration. The Group estimates annual 

expected revenue volume of each individual agent with reference to their historical results. The sales rebate will reduce revenues 
recognized. The Group recognizes revenue for the amount of fees it receives from its advertisers, after deducting sales rebates, value-
added tax (“VAT”) and the cultural development fee. The Group believes that there will not be significant changes to its estimates of 
variable consideration.

The Group has estimated and recorded RMB145.7 million, RMB140.3 million and RMB151.0 million in agency service fees 

to third-party advertising agencies for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.  

Noncash transactions

The Group enters into contracts with certain customers involving consideration in a form other than cash. The noncash 

consideration (or promise of noncash consideration) shall be measured at fair value. If the Group cannot reasonably estimate the fair 
value of the noncash consideration, it shall measure the consideration indirectly by reference to the standalone selling price of the 
goods or services promised to the customer (or class of customer) in exchange for the consideration. The Group recognized revenue 
from noncash transactions involving exchanging advertising services for advertisement, content, technical, application pre-installation 
services and others amounted to RMB20.7 million, RMB7.6 million and RMB7.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 
2022 and 2023, respectively.  

F-21

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(q) Revenue recognition (continued)

(ii) Paid services revenues 

Paid services revenues comprise (i) revenues from paid contents and (ii) revenues from E-commerce and others.

Paid contents

Paid contents revenues mainly comprise of revenues generated from digital reading, audio books and other content-related 

sales activities.

Digital reading

Digital reading revenues are derived from providing fee-based internet literatures from writers and digital format books 

licensed from third-party publishers to customers both on the Group’s PC and mobile platforms and on third-party platforms. Digital 
reading revenues generated from the Group’s PC and mobile platforms are recorded on a gross basis and recognized evenly over the 
subscription period, or in the period in which a pay-per-view service is provided, as the Group is responsible for providing the desired 
services to the customers and has primary responsibility and broad discretion to establish price, and therefore the Group is considered 
the primary obligor in these transactions. Digital reading revenues generated from third-party platforms are recorded on a net basis.

Audio books

Audio books revenues are derived from the sale of copyright of audio books to third parties and licensing audio books to third 

parties. With respect to the sale of copyright of audio books, the Group is determined to be the primary obligor and accordingly, the 
Group records its revenues on a gross basis. With respect to the revenues that derived from licensing audio books to third parties, the 
Group evaluated and determined it is not the primary obligor in the service rendered to the end users and accordingly, the Group 
records its revenues based on the portion of the sharing of revenues that derives from third parties. The Group recognizes revenue on 
the satisfied performance obligations and defers the recognition of revenue for the estimated value of the undelivered elements until 
the remaining performance obligations have been satisfied.

Other content-related sales 

The Group generates revenues from licensing video or other content to third parties. For such content sales transactions, the 
Group earns fixed- amount license fees or revenue sharing fees based on pre-agreed percentage. The Group views the third parties as 
customers and recognizes revenues during the licensing periods, provided that no significant obligation remains, collection of the 
receivables is reasonably assured and the amounts can be accurately estimated.

F-22

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(q) Revenue recognition (continued)

(ii) Paid services revenues (continued)

E-commerce and others

E-commerce and other revenues mainly comprise of revenues from E-commerce, mobile value-added services (“MVAS”) and 

others.

E-commerce

The Group generates revenues from promoting or selling products or services which are provided by suppliers in the third-

party online E-commerce platforms. For certain E-commerce services, the Group charges commission fees to suppliers as the Group 
generally is acting as an agent and its performance obligation is to arrange for the provision of the specified goods or services by those 
suppliers. Upon successful sales, the Group charges the third-party merchants a negotiated amount or a fixed rate commission fee 
based on the sales amount. Commission fee revenues are recognized on a net basis. For some E-commerce services, the Group 
recognizes revenues from certain online retail business on a gross basis upon successful sales to end customers, as the Group is acting 
as a principal in these transactions and is responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the specified goods.

MVAS

MVAS revenues are mainly derived from providing mobile phone users with wireless value-added services (“WVAS”) 

through telecom operators’ platforms, mobile newspaper services and mobile video services. Revenues from MVAS are charged on a 
monthly or per-usage basis, and are recognized in the period in which the service is performed, provided that no significant obligation 
remains, collection of the receivables is reasonably assured and the amounts can be accurately estimated. Most revenues from mobile 
newspaper services, mobile video services and most WVAS are recorded on a net basis as the Group is acting as an agent of operators 
in these transactions. 

Others

Other paid service revenues mainly comprise of revenues generated from online real estate related services. Most of the other 

paid service revenues are recognized on a gross basis as the Group is determined to be the primary obligor. For certain other paid 
services, the Group evaluated and determined it is not the primary obligor in the service rendered to the end users and accordingly, the 
Group records its revenues based on the portion of the sharing of revenues that derives from third parties. Revenues are recognized in 
the period in which the service is performed, provided that no significant obligation remains, collection of the receivables is 
reasonably assured and the amounts can be accurately estimated.

(r) Value-added tax and related surcharges

The Group is subject to value-added tax (“VAT”) and related surcharges on the revenues earned for services provided in the 

PRC. The primary applicable rate of VAT is 6.0% for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023. Related surcharges mainly 
comprised of urban maintenance and construction tax and education surcharges. The urban maintenance and construction tax are 
charged at 7% or 5% of the amount of VAT actually paid depending on where the taxpayer is located. Education surcharges are 
charged at 3% of the amount of VAT actually paid and local education surcharges are charged at 2% or 1% of the amount of VAT 
actually paid depending on where the taxpayer is located. The Group is also subject to a cultural development fee on the provision of 
advertising services in the PRC and the applicable tax rate is 1.5%, valid until December 31, 2024. 

The VAT and the cultural development fee are recorded as a reduction item of revenues in the consolidated statements of 

comprehensive income/(loss). The urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharges and local education surcharges are 
recorded in the cost of revenues in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss).

The VAT and related surcharges for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 were RMB60.7 million, 

RMB57.5 million and RMB49.5 million, respectively.  

F-23

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(s) Cost of revenues

The Group’s cost of revenues consists primarily of (i) revenue sharing fees, including service fees retained by mobile 
telecommunications operators and revenue sharing fees paid to the Group’s channel and content partners, (ii) content and operational 
costs, including personnel-related cost associated with content production and certain support personnel, content procurement costs to 
third-party professional media companies and to Phoenix TV Group, direct costs related to in-house content production, channel 
testing costs, rental cost, depreciation and amortization, the urban maintenance and construction tax, education surcharges and local 
education surcharges, and other miscellaneous costs, and (iii) bandwidth costs.

(t) Sales and marketing expenses

Sales and marketing expenses comprise primarily of: (i) personnel-related expenses including sales commissions related to 
the sales and marketing personnel; (ii) advertising and promotion expenses including traffic acquisition expenses; and (iii) relevant 
rental expense, depreciation and amortization expenses. The Group expenses advertising costs as incurred. Total advertising and 
promotion expenses including traffic acquisition expenses were RMB70.7 million, RMB40.9 million and RMB24.7 million, for the 
years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.  

(u) Technology and product development expenses

Technology and product development expenses mainly consist of: (i) personnel-related expenses associated with the 
development of, enhancement to, and maintenance of the Group’s PC websites, mobile applications and mobile websites; (ii) expenses 
associated with new technology and product development and enhancement; and (iii) relevant rental expense and depreciation of 
servers. The Group expenses technology and product development expenses as incurred for all the years presented.

(v) Operating leases and adoption of ASU 2016-02

The Group applies ASU 2016-02 Leases (Topic 842) , which requires lessees to recognize operating and financing lease 

liabilities and corresponding right-of-use (“ROU”) assets on the balance sheet and to provide enhanced disclosures surrounding the 
amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leasing arrangements. The Group elects to apply practical expedients 
permitted that allow the Group to not recognize lease assets and lease liabilities for leases with a term of twelve months or less.

Under Topic 842, the Group determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. ROU assets represent the 
Group’s rights to use underlying assets for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Group’s obligation to make lease payments 
arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of 
lease payments over the lease term, reduced by lease incentives received, plus any initial direct costs, using the discount rate for the 
lease at the commencement date. The Group considers only payments that are fixed and determinable at the time of lease 
commencement. As the implicit rate in lease is not readily determinable for the Group’s operating leases, the Group generally use the 
incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a similar term of the lease 
payments at commencement date. The Group’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably 
certain that the Group will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease 
term.  

F-24

Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(v) Operating leases and adoption of ASU 2016-02 (continued)

As of December 31, 2023, the Group’s operating leases had a weighted average remaining lease term of 3.39 years and a 

weighted average discount rate of 4.69%. Future lease payments under operating leases as of December 31, 2023 were as follows (in 
thousands):   

Year ending December 31,
2024
2025
2026
2027
Total future lease payments
Less: Imputed interest
Total lease liability balance

Operating Lease Liabilities
RMB

22,343
21,439
21,629
9,682
75,093
5,649
69,444

Operating lease costs and expenses for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 were RMB34.5 million, RMB27.6 

million and RMB25.4 million, respectively, which excluded costs and expenses of short-term contracts. Short-term lease costs and 
expenses for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 was RMB1.5 million, RMB2.6 million and RMB1.4 million, 
respectively. Supplemental cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows (in thousands):   

Cash payments for operating leases
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities

(w) Share-based compensation

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

28,322
93,186

25,890
—

The Group has incentive plans for the granting of share-based awards, such as share options and restricted shares. The Group 

measures the cost of employee services received in exchange for share-based compensation at the grant date fair value of the award. 
The Group recognizes the share-based compensation as costs or expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive 
income/(loss), net of estimated forfeitures, on a graded-vesting basis over the vesting term of the awards.

The Group adopts the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of share options, and determines the fair 

value of restricted share and restricted share units based on the fair value of the underlying ordinary shares at the grant date 
considering the dilutive effect of restricted share and restricted share units.

Forfeiture rates are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ 
from initial estimates. The Group uses historical data to estimate pre-vesting option and restricted share unit forfeitures and record 
share-based compensation only for those awards that are expected to vest. Refer to Note 16 for further information regarding share-
based compensation assumptions and expenses.

In both 2019 and 2020, the Company declared a special cash compensation plan to its share option holders, concurrent with 

the special cash dividend declared. As the Company’s share options are not dividend-protected award, the option holders have no 
rights to participate in all dividends before excising the share options. The Company accounted for the special cash compensation as 
incremental compensation cost, which would be vested with the same vesting conditions of the original share options granted. The 
related compensation cost of RMB12.7 million, RMB10.2 million and RMB8.8 million were recognized as costs or expenses in the 
consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss) of 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.   

F-25

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(x) Income taxes

Current income taxes are provided on the basis of net income for financial reporting purposes, adjusted for income and 

expense items which are not assessable or deductible for income tax purposes, in accordance with the regulations of the relevant tax 
jurisdictions. Deferred income taxes are provided using an asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred income taxes are 
recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences by applying enacted statutory rates applicable to future years to 
differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities. The tax base of an 
asset or liability is the amount attributed to that asset or liability for tax purpose. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is 
recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss) in the period of change. A valuation allowance is provided 
to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets if it is considered more likely than not that some portion of, or all of the deferred tax assets 
will not be realized.

Uncertain tax positions

In order to assess uncertain tax positions, the Group applies a more likely than not threshold and a two-step approach for the 

tax position measurement and financial statement recognition. Under the two-step approach, the first step is to evaluate the tax 
position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will 
be sustained, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the 
largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement. The Group did not have significant unrecognized 
uncertain tax positions or any unrecognized liabilities, interest or penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefit as of and for the 
years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023. Refer to Note 13 for details of the Group’s tax positions.

(y) Employee social security and welfare benefits

The Company’s subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs in the PRC participate in a government-mandated multi-employer defined 

contribution plan pursuant to which certain retirement, medical and other welfare benefits are provided to employees. The relevant 
labor regulations require the Company’s subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs in the PRC to pay the local labor and social welfare 
authorities monthly contributions at a stated contribution rate based on the monthly basic compensation of qualified employees. The 
relevant local labor and social welfare authorities are responsible for meeting all retirement benefits obligations and the Company’s 
subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs in the PRC have no further commitments beyond their monthly contributions. The contributions to 
the plan are expensed as incurred. Employee social security and welfare benefits included as cost and expenses in the consolidated 
statements of comprehensive income/(loss) were RMB95.3 million, RMB89.7 million and RMB74.1 million for the years ended 
December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.  

(z) Other income —others, net

Other income —others, net mainly represent government subsidies and some non-operating gain or loss. Such income has 

been recognized when received and no further conditions need to be met.

F-26

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(aa) Statutory reserves

In accordance with the laws applicable to China’s Foreign Investment Enterprises, those of the Company’s China-based 
subsidiaries that are considered under PRC law to be a wholly foreign-owned enterprise are required to make appropriations from their 
after-tax profit (as determined under the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises as promulgated by the Ministry of Finance of 
the People’s Republic of China (“PRC GAAP”)) to non-distributable reserve funds including (i) general reserve fund, (ii) enterprise 
expansion fund and (iii) staff bonus and welfare fund. The appropriation to the general reserve fund must be at least 10% of the after-
tax profits calculated in accordance with PRC GAAP. Appropriation is not required if the general reserve fund has reached 50% of the 
registered capital of the respective company. Appropriations to the other two reserve funds are at the respective companies’ discretion.

In accordance with the China Company Laws, those China-based subsidiaries of the Company that are considered under PRC 

law to be domestically funded enterprises, as well as the Company’s VIEs are required to make appropriations from their after-tax 
profit (as determined under PRC GAAP) to non-distributable reserve funds including (i) statutory surplus fund and (ii) discretionary 
surplus fund. The appropriation to the statutory surplus fund must be at least 10% of the after-tax profits calculated in accordance with 
PRC GAAP. Appropriation is not required if the statutory surplus fund has reached 50% of the registered capital of the respective 
company. Appropriation to the discretionary surplus fund is at the discretion of the respective company.

General reserve fund and statutory surplus fund are restricted for set off against losses, expansion of production and operation 

or increase in the registered capital of the respective company. The Group has made appropriations of RMB6.5 million, 
RMB1.1 million and nil to these funds for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively.    

(ab) Related parties

Parties are considered to be related if one party has the ability, directly or indirectly, to control the other party or exercise 

significant influence over the other party in making financial and operating decisions. Parties are also considered to be related if they 
are subject to common control or significant influence, such as a family member or relative, shareholders, or a related corporation.

(ac) Net income/(loss) per share

The Group computes net income or loss per Class A and Class B ordinary share in accordance with ASC 260-10 Earnings 
Per Share: Overall, using the two class method. Under the two-class method, net income is allocated between ordinary shares and 
other participating securities based on their participating rights. Net losses are not allocated to other participating securities if based on 
their contractual terms they are not obligated to share in the losses.

The liquidation and dividend rights of the holders of the Company’s Class A and Class B ordinary shares are identical, except 

with respect to voting. As the liquidation and dividend rights are identical, the net incomes are allocated on a proportionate basis.

Basic net income or loss per share is computed by dividing net income or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders by the 

weighted average number of ordinary shares and contingently issuable shares outstanding during the period.

Diluted net income or loss per share is calculated by dividing net income or loss attributable to ordinary shareholders, as 

adjusted for the effect of dilutive potential ordinary shares, if any, by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding and 
dilutive potential ordinary shares during the period. Potential ordinary shares are excluded in the denominator of the diluted net 
income or loss per share calculation if their effects would be anti-dilutive.

F-27

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2.  Principal Accounting Policies (Continued)

(ad) Treasury stock

The Company accounts for treasury shares using the cost method. Under this method, the cost incurred to purchase the shares 

is recorded in the treasury stock account on the consolidated balance sheets. Treasury stock is shown separately in the shareholders’ 
equity before the ultimate disposition of those shares acquired. At retirement of the treasury shares, the ordinary shares account is 
charged only for the aggregate par value of the shares. The excess of the acquisition cost of treasury shares over the aggregate par 
value is allocated between additional paid-in capital and retained earnings. Alternatively, the excess may be charged entirely to 
retained earnings in recognition of the fact that a corporation can always capitalize or allocate retained earnings for such purposes. If a 
portion of the excess is allocated to additional paid-in capital, it shall be limited to the sum of both of the following: (i). all additional 
paid-in capital arising from previous retirements and net gains on sales of treasury stock of the same issue, (ii). the pro rata portion of 
additional paid-in capital, voluntary transfers of retained earnings, capitalization of stock dividends, and so forth, on the same issue. 
For this purpose, any remaining additional paid-in capital applicable to issues fully retired (formal or constructive) is deemed to be 
applicable pro rata to shares of common stock. Refer to Note 15 for details.

(ae) Comprehensive income/(loss)

Comprehensive income or loss is defined as the change in equity of the Group during a period arising from transactions and 
other events and circumstances excluding transactions resulting from investments by shareholders and distributions to shareholders. 
Comprehensive income or loss is reported in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss). Accumulated other 
comprehensive income or loss, as presented on the Group’s consolidated balance sheets, includes the foreign currency translation 
adjustment and fair value remeasurement for available-for-sale debt investments. The tax effects of pre-tax changes to other 
comprehensive income or loss should be recorded net against the pre-tax changes in other comprehensive income or loss.

(af) Segment reporting

The Group’s segments are business units that offer different services and are reviewed separately by the chief operating 

decision maker (the “CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Group’s CODM has been 
identified as the Chief Executive Officer. As the Group’s long-lived assets and revenues are substantially located in and derived from 
the PRC, no geographical segments are presented.

The Group’s organizational structure is based on a number of factors that the CODM uses to evaluate, view and run the 
Group’s business operations, which include, but are not limited to, customer base, homogeneity of products and technology. The 
Group’s operating segments are based on its organizational structure and information reviewed by the Group’s CODM to evaluate the 
operating segment results.

(ag) Recent accounting pronouncements

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2023-07, Improvements to 
Reportable Segment Disclosures (Topic 280). This ASU updates reportable segment disclosure requirements by requiring disclosures 
of significant reportable segment expenses that are regularly provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) and 
included within each reported measure of a segment’s profit or loss. This ASU also requires disclosure of the title and position of the 
individual identified as the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measures of a segment’s profit or loss in 
assessing segment’s performance and deciding how to allocate resources. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after 
December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Adoption of the ASU should be 
applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Early adoption is also permitted. This ASU will likely 
result in additional required disclosures when adopted. The Group is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on its 
consolidated financial statements and expects to adopt them for the year ending December 31, 2024.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (Topic 740). The ASU requires 

specific disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as additional information on 
income taxes paid. The ASU is effective on a prospective basis for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption 
is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. This ASU will result in the 
required additional disclosures being included in the consolidated financial statements, once adopted. The Group is in the process of 
evaluating the impact of the new guidance and does not expect it to have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.  

F-28

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

3.  Certain Risks and Concentration

(a) Major customers

There is no customer with revenues or receivables over 10% of total revenues or total accounts receivable and due from 

related parties, respectively.

(b) Credit risk

The Group’s credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents, term deposits, short-term investments and restricted cash as 
well as credit exposures to receivables due from its customers, related parties and other parties and available-for-sale debt securities.

 The Group expects that there is no significant credit risk associated with cash and cash equivalents, term deposits, short-term 

investments and restricted cash which were held by reputable financial institutions in the jurisdictions where the Company, its 
subsidiaries, VIEs and the subsidiaries of the VIEs are located. The Group believes that it is not exposed to unusual risks as these 
financial institutions have high credit quality. 

Except for the accounts receivable from Evergrande Group, which represented 21.8% and nil of the total gross accounts 
receivables as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively, the Group has no other significant concentrations of credit risk with 
respect to its customers, related parties and other parties. The Group assesses the credit quality of and sets credit limits on its 
customers by taking into account their financial position, the availability of guarantee from third parties, their credit history and other 
factors such as current market conditions. Refer to Note 4 for details.

(c) Currency convertibility risk

The Group’s operating transactions and its assets and liabilities are mainly denominated in RMB. RMB is not freely 
convertible into foreign currencies. The value of the RMB is subject to changes by the central government policies and to international 
economic and political developments. In the PRC, certain foreign exchange transactions are required by law to be transacted only by 
authorized financial institutions at exchange rates set by PBOC. Remittances in currencies other than RMB by the Group in the PRC 
must be processed through PBOC or other China foreign exchange regulatory bodies which require certain supporting documentation 
in order to affect the remittance.

(d) PRC regulations

The Group is exposed to certain macro-economic and regulatory risks and uncertainties in the Chinese market. These 

uncertainties affect the ability of the Group to provide online advertising, mobile and Internet related services through Contractual 
Arrangements in the PRC since these industries remain highly regulated. The Chinese government may issue from time to time new 
laws or new interpretations on existing laws to regulate these industries. Regulatory risk also encompasses the interpretation by the tax 
authorities of current tax laws and the Group’s legal structure and scope of operations in the PRC, which could be subject to further 
restrictions resulting in limitations on the Group’s ability to conduct business in the PRC. The PRC government may also require the 
Group to restructure its operations entirely if it finds that its Contractual Arrangements do not comply with applicable laws and 
regulations. It is unclear how a restructuring could impact the Group’s business and operating results, as the PRC court has not yet 
rendered a verdict deciding on any such Contractual Arrangements' falling within the contract void circumstances as stipulated in the 
Civil Code of People's Republic of China. However, any such restructuring may cause significant disruption to the Group’s business 
operations.

The Group faces various legal and operational risks and uncertainties associated with being based in or having its operations 
primarily in China and the country’s complex and evolving laws and regulations. For example, the Group faces risks associated with 
regulatory approvals on offerings conducted overseas by and foreign investment in China-based issuers, anti-monopoly regulatory 
actions, and oversight on cybersecurity and data privacy, which may impact its ability to conduct certain businesses, accept foreign 
investments, or list on a United States or other foreign exchange outside of China.

In addition, the Group is required to obtain certain licenses to operate the Internet information services. As of the date of the 
annual report, the Group is in the process of applying for licenses for certain operations of the businesses, including an Internet audio-
visual program transmission license and an Internet news license. Without these licenses, the PRC government may order the Group to 
cease its services, which may materially and adversely affect its business and operating results.

F-29

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

3.  Certain Risks and Concentration (Continued)

(d) PRC regulations (continued)

Regulatory authorities in China have increased their supervision of content platforms similar to the Group’s websites and 

mobile applications. In addition to the contents that are considered to be violating PRC laws and regulations, such oversight tends to 
pay more attention to content that is or may be deemed misleading, obscene, pornographic, detrimental, and/or contradicting to social 
values and moral prevailing in China. The Group may face regulatory inquiries and oral warnings made by relevant regulatory 
authorities from time to time. The Group may also be required to limit or even suspend its services due to regulatory requirements or 
sanctions. Any of these events could severely impair the attractiveness of the Group’s applications and websites to users, reduce its 
user traffic and affect its revenue, and its business, financial condition and results of operation may be materially adversely affected.

(e) Investments risk

The Group has made and may undertake in the future investments in subsidiaries, affiliates and other business alliance 

partners in various Internet-related businesses. It is uncertain whether the Group will receive the expected benefits from these 
investments, due to any adverse regulatory changes, worsening of economic conditions, increased competition or other factors that 
may negatively affect the related business activities. Some of the businesses the Group has invested in are subject to intensive 
regulation. Any adverse regulatory change may have a material adverse impact on the business and financial performance of the 
subsidiaries, affiliates and other business alliance partners. Furthermore, unanticipated costs and liabilities may be incurred in 
connection with those business strategies, including liabilities from the claims related to the businesses prior to the business alliances, 
and cost from actions by regulatory authorities.

4.  Accounts Receivable, Net

The following table sets out the balance of accounts receivable excluding notes receivable as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 

(in thousands):

Accounts receivable, gross
Allowance for expected credit losses
Accounts receivable, net

As of December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

740,575
(312,170)
428,405

The following table sets out the balance of notes receivable as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 (in thousands):

Notes receivable, gross
Allowance for expected credit losses
Notes receivable, net

As of December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

248
(66)
182

The following table presents the movement of the allowance for expected credit losses (in thousands):

Balance as of January 1,
Additional provision for/(reversal of) allowance for expected credit losses, net of 
recoveries
Write-off
Balance as of December 31,

194,454

185,520
—
379,974

379,974

(23,769)
(43,969)
312,236

2021
RMB

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

377,086
(106,654)
270,432

23,435
(13)
23,422

312,236

14,682
(220,251)
106,667

The reversal of allowance for expected credit losses of RMB23.8 million in 2022 were mainly due to the collection of some 

long-aged accounts receivables, and partially offset by the addition of new provision for allowance for expected credit losses.

F-30

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

5.  Prepayments and Other Current Assets

The following is a summary of prepayments and other current assets (in thousands):

Prepaid rental and deposits
Prepayments to suppliers and other business related expenses
Receivables related to exercise of employee options
Costs to fulfill contracts with customers
Others
Total

As of December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

7,414
14,587
3,390
1,568
5,298
32,257

7,325
14,387
—
5,612
6,784
34,108

Prepayments to suppliers and other business related expenses mainly consist of business related staff advances, in-house 

produced content costs and the Group’s prepaid content licenses fee to third-party content suppliers for the rights to access and present 
on the Group’s website the content produced by these suppliers during a certain period. These content licenses generally have a 
license period of one to three years, and are amortized over the license period on a straight-line basis. The portion of the prepaid 
content license costs that relates to the license period for more than 12 months from the balance sheet date is classified as other non-
current assets.

6.  Property and Equipment, Net

The following is a summary of property and equipment, net (in thousands):

Computers, equipment and furniture
Motor vehicles
Leasehold improvements
Total
Less: accumulated depreciation
Net book value

As of December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

73,526
5,721
47,966
127,213
(114,122)
13,091

41,179
5,461
47,966
94,606
(87,369)
7,237

Depreciation expenses for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 were RMB21.1 million, RMB11.4 million and 

RMB5.7 million, respectively.

7.  Intangible Assets, Net

The following table summarizes the Group’s intangible assets, net (in thousands):

Computer software
Licensed copyrights of reading content
Audio content
Trademark and Domain name
Total
Less: amortization
impairment

Net book value

As of December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

24,307
43,788
15,646
191
83,932
(42,880)
(11,926)
29,126

21,918
48,016
17,041
137
87,112
(55,136)
(11,926)
20,050

The Group recognized impairment losses on intangible assets of RMB0.4 million, RMB1.1 million and nil for the years ended 

December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. 

Amortization expenses for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 were RMB7.4 million, RMB14.9 million and 

RMB15.8 million, respectively. Based on the current amount of intangible assets subject to amortization, the estimated amortization 
expenses for each of the following five years are as follows: 2024: RMB8.7 million, 2025: RMB5.0 million, 2026: RMB4.0 million, 
2027: RMB1.8 million and 2028: RMB0.3 million.

F-31

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

8.  Available-for-sale Debt Investments

Investments in Particle

In 2014 and 2015, the Company entered into a series of share purchase transactions and acquired certain Series of convertible 

redeemable preferred shares of Particle Inc. (“Particle”). Particle operates Yidian, a personalized news and life-style information 
application in China that allows users to define and explore desired content on their mobile devices. In 2019, the Company entered 
into a share purchase agreement with Run Liang Tai Management Limited, or Run Liang Tai, and its designated entities and entered 
into a series of supplemental agreements thereafter, for its sale of the entire previously held convertible redeemable preferred shares of 
Particle. The transaction was arranged to deal in several installments and the last batch transaction was closed on October 19, 2020. 

As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the Company held 4,584,209 Series D1 convertible redeemable preferred shares of 

Particle, respectively, which had been accounted for as available-for-sale debt investments, representing an aggregate of 
approximately 0.60% equity interest in Particle on an as-if converted basis (which reflected the completion of the issuance of 
additional shares under Particle’s share incentive plan). The fair value of available-for-sale debt investments in Particle was 
RMB0.3 million and RMB0.3 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

The Company has determined that its investments in convertible redeemable preferred shares of Particle are not considered 

in-substance common stock but considered debt securities as the preferred shares of Particle are redeemable at the option of the 
Company and are therefore not within the scope of ASC 323 Equity Method and Joint Ventures. The Company’s investments in 
convertible redeemable preferred shares of Particle are classified as available-for-sale debt investments and reported at fair value, 
which is estimated by management on a recurring basis. Refer to Note 18 for details.

Investments in Humanistic Intelligence

In August 2020, the Group acquired 6.04% equity interest of Humanistic Intelligence Inc. (“Humanistic Intelligence”) 
through a series of debt restructuring and share exchange transactions. As the investment in Humanistic Intelligence is redeemable at 
the option of the Group, it is not considered in-substance common stock but considered debt securities. The Group’s investment in 
Humanistic Intelligence is classified as available-for-sale debt investments and reported at fair value. The Group had fully written 
down the whole investment in Humanistic Intelligence and recognized an impairment loss related to credit losses of RMB6.0 million 
in 2022. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the fair value of investment in Humanistic Intelligence was nil and nil, respectively.

As the Group does not expect to sell or redeem the investments mentioned above within one year, the available-for-sale debt 

investments are classified as long-term available-for-sale debt investments. Total accumulated unrealized loss on available-for-sale 
debt investments recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income excluding tax effect were RMB41.8 million and 
RMB41.8 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The total fair value of available-for-sale debt investments were 
RMB0.3 million and RMB0.3 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively (see Note 18).

F-32

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

9.  Equity Investments

Equity method investments

The Group applies the equity method of accounting to account for its equity investments in common stock or in-substance 
common stock and limited-partnership investments in entities, over which it has significant influence but does not own a majority 
equity interest or otherwise control.

The Group used equity method to account for investments in limited partnership unless the Group’s interest is so minor and 

has virtually no influence over the operating and financial policies of the partnership. In 2020, the Group made new investments in 
two limited partnerships with total considerations of RMB60.0 million, and accounted for the investments under equity method as 
significant influence could be imposed by the Group. The two limited partnerships mainly engage in private equity investments. In 
December 2023, one of the two limited partnerships returned investment capital contribution of RMB1.1 million to the Group, which 
was calculated on a pro rata basis. The carrying value of investments in the two limited partnerships were RMB51.8 million and 
RMB39.1 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The Group recognized income from investments in these limited 
partnerships of RMB0.4 million in 2021, loss from investments in these limited partnerships of RMB8.2 million in 2022 and loss from 
investments in these limited partnerships of RMB11.6 million in 2023. The income or losses from investments in these limited 
partnerships were mainly attributable to the changes in estimated fair value of the underlying investments held by the limited 
partnerships.

Other equity investments

In November 2018, the Group acquired 10% equity interest of Yitong Technology (Hangzhou) Limited (“Yitong 
Technology”) by investing in newly issued shares of Yitong Technology with a total consideration of RMB13.0 million. Yitong 
Technology mainly engages in big data application development and operation in China. As the Group’s equity investment in Yitong 
Technology has preferred liquidation rights, it is not considered as in-substance common stock, and should be measured at fair value, 
with changes in the fair value recognized through net income/(loss). As the investments in Yitong Technology lack readily 
determinable fair values, the Group elects to record the investments at cost, less impairment, plus or minus subsequent adjustments for 
observable price changes (referred to as the measurement alternative). Under this measurement alternative, changes in the carrying 
value of the investments will be recognized in consolidated statement of comprehensive income/(loss), whenever there are observable 
price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment of the same issuer. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the 
carrying value of equity investment in Yitong Technology was RMB13.0 million and RMB13.0 million, respectively.

In December 2020 and January 2021, the Group acquired totally 5.67% equity interest in Guangzhou Kesheng Jiada Network 

Partnership (“Kesheng Jiada”), representing 1.5% indirect equity interest in 4K Garden Network Technology (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd. 
(“4K Garden”) with a total consideration of RMB15.0 million. 4K Garden focuses on developing 4K ultra HD content ecosystem and 
related technology and 5G+ ultra HD application technology platform and Kesheng Jiada is a special purpose vehicle that holds equity 
interest in 4K Garden. As the investments in Kesheng Jiada lack readily determinable fair values, the Group elects to use the 
measurement alternative. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the carrying value of the equity investment was RMB15.0 million and 
RMB15.0 million, respectively.

In December 2020, the Group entered into an investment agreement with a private equity fund to invest a total of RMB30.0 

million in it and had invested the total RMB30.0 million in it by January 2022. As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the carrying value 
of equity investment in the private equity fund was RMB34.6 million and RMB34.1 million, respectively. The Group accounts for the 
investment using NAV as a practical expedient under ASC 820. The Group recognized gain of fair value changes in the equity 
investment in the private equity fund of RMB1.9 million, RMB2.7 million and loss of fair value changes in the equity investment in 
the private equity fund of RMB0.4 million in the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. The fair value changes 
in the equity investment in the private equity fund were mainly attributable to the changes in estimated fair value of the underlying 
investments held by the private equity fund.

F-33

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

10.  Other Non-Current Assets

The following is a summary of other non-current assets (in thousands):

Rental deposits
Prepayments for real estate and non-current portion of prepayments to suppliers
Others
Total

11.  Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities are comprised of (in thousands):

Deposits from advertising agencies and customers
Accrued professional fees
Advertising and promotion expenses payables and accruals
General operating expenses payables and accruals
Deposits from potential house buyers
Others
Total

As of December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

7,750
11,413
489
19,652

As of December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

12,114
3,545
1,267
49,799
10,113
12,204
89,042

5,958
6,732
489
13,179

10,354
3,003
217
37,910
7,577
12,595
71,656

As the agent of real estate developers, the Group sells coupons issued by real estate developers that enable individual property 
buyers to purchase specified properties from real estate developers at a discounted price. Coupons purchase price are collected initially 
by the Group upfront from the property buyers, and subsequently, the coupon purchase price will be remitted to the real estate 
developers when property buyers use the coupons to purchase the specified properties, or will be refunded to property buyers if they 
decide not to buy. The coupons purchase price paid by the property buyers are recorded in accrued expenses and other current 
liabilities in the Group's consolidated balance sheets. The Group recognizes revenues on a net basis when property buyers use the 
coupons to purchase the specified properties.

12.  Cost of Revenues

The cost of revenues are as follows (in thousands):

Revenue sharing fees
Content and operational costs
Bandwidth costs
Total

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

27,673
513,449
56,275
597,397

16,969
484,857
46,679
548,505

12,997
420,721
30,427
464,145

F-34

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

13.  Income Taxes

Income Tax Expense/(Benefit) and Effective Tax Rate

The provisions for income tax expense/(benefit) are summarized as follows (in thousands):

Current tax expense/(benefit)
Deferred tax (benefit)/expense
Income tax expense/(benefit)

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

25,903
(5,322)
20,581

(72,211)
1,817
(70,394)

(5,914)
18,890
12,976

The components of income/(loss) before tax and income tax expense/(benefit) for PRC and non-PRC operations are as 

follows (in thousands):

Income/(loss) arising from PRC operations
Income/(loss) arising from non-PRC operations
Income/(loss) before tax
Income tax expense/(benefit) relating to PRC operations
Income tax expense/(benefit) relating to non-PRC operations
Income tax expense/(benefit)
Effective tax rate for PRC
Effective tax rate for the Group

Cayman Islands (“Cayman”)

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

(235,019)
(17,466)
(252,485)
20,581
—
20,581

(8.8)%
(8.2)%

(158,671)
(37,442)
(196,113)
(6,037)
(64,357)
(70,394)
3.8%
35.9%

(85,525)
(10,614)
(96,139)
12,976
—
12,976

(15.2)%
(13.5)%

Under the relevant current laws of the Cayman Islands, corporate income, capital gains or other direct taxes are not imposed 

on corporations in the Cayman Islands. In addition, dividend payments are not subject to withholding taxes in the Cayman Islands. 

British Virgin Islands (“BVI”)

The Group’s subsidiaries incorporated in the British Virgin Islands are exempted from income tax on their foreign-derived 

income and are not subject to withholding taxes.

Hong Kong

Subsidiaries in Hong Kong are subject to 16.5% Hong Kong profit tax on their taxable income generated from operations in 

Hong Kong and can also enjoy a two-tiered profits tax regime. The profits tax rate for the first HK$2 million of profits of corporations 
is lowered to 8.25%, while profits above that amount continue to be subject to the tax rate of 16.5%.

F-35

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

13.  Income Taxes (Continued)

Income Tax Expense/(Benefit) and Effective Tax Rate (Continued)

PRC

Each of the Group’s PRC subsidiaries, VIEs and subsidiaries of the VIEs are obligated to pay income tax in the PRC. The 

PRC Corporate Income Taxes Law (“CIT Law”) generally applies an income tax rate of 25% to all enterprises, but grants preferential 
tax treatment to High and New Technology Enterprises (“HNTEs”). Under these preferential tax treatments, HNTEs are entitled to an 
income tax rate of 15%, subject to a requirement that they re-apply for HNTE status every three years.

Fenghuang On-line was qualified as an HNTE in 2020 and 2023, respectively, and therefore, Fenghuang On-line was subject 

to a 15% income tax rate from 2021 to 2023.   

Tianying Jiuzhou was qualified as an HNTE in 2020, and therefore, Tianying Jiuzhou was subject to a 15% income tax rate 

from 2021 to 2022. Tianying Jiuzhou was subject to a 25% income tax rate in 2023.

Fenghuang Yutian was qualified as an HNTE in 2020 and 2023, respectively, and therefore, Fenghuang Yutian was subject to 

a 15% income tax rate from 2021 to 2023. 

In 2021, Fenghuang Borui was qualified as an HNTE, and therefore, Fenghuang Borui was subject to a 15% income tax rate 

from 2021 to 2023.

All other PRC incorporated entities of the Group were subject to a 25% income tax rate for all the years presented.

The CIT Law also provides that an enterprise established under the laws of foreign countries or regions but whose “de facto 
management body” is located in the PRC be treated as a resident enterprise for PRC tax purposes and consequently be subject to the 
PRC income tax at the rate of 25% for its global income. On April 22, 2009, the State Administration of Taxation (“SAT”) issued a 
circular, known as Circular 82, which provides certain specific criteria for determining whether the “de facto management body” of a 
PRC-controlled enterprise that is incorporated offshore is located in China. Under Circular 82, an offshore incorporated enterprise 
controlled by a PRC enterprise or a PRC enterprise group will be regarded as a PRC tax resident by virtue of having its “de facto 
management body” in China and will be subject to PRC enterprise income tax on its global income only if all of the following 
conditions are met: (i) the primary location of the day-to-day operational management is in the PRC; (ii) decisions relating to the 
enterprise’s financial and human resource matters are made or are subject to approval by organizations or personnel in the PRC; (iii) 
the enterprise’s primary assets, accounting books and records, company seals, and board and shareholder resolutions, are located or 
maintained in the PRC; and (iv) at least 50% of voting board members or senior executives habitually reside in the PRC. The 
Company and its offshore subsidiaries have never been treated as resident enterprises for PRC tax purposes.

Withholding Tax on Undistributed Dividends

The CIT Law imposes a 10% withholding income tax on dividends distributed by foreign invested enterprises in the PRC to 
their immediate holding companies outside the PRC. A lower withholding tax rate may be applied if there is a tax treaty between the 
PRC and the jurisdiction of the foreign holding company. A holding company in Hong Kong, for example, will be subject to a 5.0% 
withholding tax rate under an arrangement between the PRC and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region on the “Avoidance of 
Double Taxation and Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income and Capital,” if such holding company is 
considered a non-PRC resident enterprise and holds at least 25.0% of the equity interest in the PRC foreign invested enterprise 
distributing the dividends, subject to approval of the PRC local tax authority. However, if the Hong Kong holding company is not 
considered to be the beneficial owner of such dividends under applicable PRC tax regulations, such dividend will remain subject to a 
withholding tax rate of 10%.

F-36

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

13.  Income Taxes (Continued)

Income Tax Expense/(Benefit) and Effective Tax Rate (Continued)

The PRC subsidiaries, VIEs and subsidiaries of VIEs have not paid dividends in the past and do not have any present plans to 
declare and pay any dividends on the Company’s ordinary shares or ADSs in the near future and the Group currently intends to retain 
most, if not all, of its available funds and any future earnings to operate and expand the business. Accordingly, the Company does not 
intend to have its PRC subsidiaries distribute any undistributed profits of such subsidiaries to their direct overseas parent companies, 
but rather intends that such profits will be permanently reinvested in such subsidiaries to further expand their business in the PRC. As 
of December 31, 2023, the Company did not record any withholding tax on the retained earnings of its foreign invested enterprises in 
the PRC. Aggregate undistributed earnings of the Group’s entities located in the PRC that were available for distribution to the 
Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 were approximately RMB449.8 million and RM373.2 million, respectively. The 
amounts of the unrecognized deferred tax liability on the permanently reinvested earnings were RMB45.0 million and 
RMB37.3 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively.

Withholding Tax on Gain from the Disposal of Available-for-sale Debt Investments in Particle

The Company was subject to PRC withholding tax of 10% on the gain recognized from the disposal of available-for-sale debt 
investments in Particle, with any relevant tax adjustments if applicable, as regulated by the Public Notice on Several Issues regarding 
Enterprise Income Tax for Indirect Property Transfer by Non-resident Enterprises, or SAT Circular 7, issued on February 3, 2015, 
and the Public Notice Regarding Issues Concerning the Withholding of Non-resident Enterprise Income Tax at Source, or SAT Public 
Notice 37, issued on October 17, 2017. The accrued withholding taxes of gain on disposal of available-for-sale debt investments may 
vary with the actual withholding tax to be paid. In September 2022, the Company paid the withholding tax related to the disposal of 
available-for-sale debt investments in Particle of RMB176.0 million and recognized an income tax benefit of RMB64.4 million, which 
represented the difference between the actual withholding tax paid in 2022 and the previously accrued withholding tax.

Reconciliation of the Differences between Statutory Tax Rate and the Effective Tax Rate 

Reconciliation of the differences between PRC statutory income tax rate and the Group’s effective income tax rate for the 

years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 is as follows:

Statutory income tax rate
Permanent differences (1)
Change in valuation allowance
Effect of preferential tax treatment
Uncertain tax positions
Effect of withholding tax on gain on disposal of available-for-sale debt 
investments (2)
Tax rate difference from statutory rate in other jurisdictions
Effective income tax rate

Notes:

2021
%

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
%

2023
%

25.0
(2.4)
(23.6)
(5.3)
(0.1)

—
(1.8)
(8.2)

25.0
24.2
(38.7)
(6.7)
4.1

32.8
(4.8)
35.9

25.0
16.3
(46.4)
(7.4)
1.8

—
(2.8)
(13.5)

(1) Permanent differences mainly included the tax-deductible expenses of the research and development expenses so incurred in a 
year in determining their tax assessable profits for that year for enterprises engaging in research and development activities, as 
175% of the research and development expenses could be tax-deductible in 2021 and 2022, and 200% of the research and 
development expenses could be tax-deductible in 2023, according to policies promulgated by the State Tax Bureau of the PRC.

(2) Effect of withholding tax on gain on disposal of available-for-sale debt investments represented the differences between the tax 

calculated based on book gain at the statutory rate and the tax applicable to this transaction.

The combined effects of the income tax exemption and other preferential tax treatment available to the Group are as follows 

(in thousands, except per share data):

Effect of preferential tax treatment
Basic net loss per share effect

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

(13,468)
(0.02)

(13,050)
(0.02)

(7,139)
(0.01)

F-37

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

13.  Income Taxes (Continued)

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the deferred tax assets balance as of December 31, 2022 and 2023 

are as follows (in thousands):

Deferred tax assets:
Allowances for expected credit loss of receivables
Accrued payroll and expenses and others
Net operating loss carryforward
Less: valuation allowance
Total deferred tax assets, net

As of December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

80,025
24,914
247,350
(263,229)
89,060

30,296
26,416
321,276
(307,818)
70,170

As of December 31, 2023, the Group had net operating loss of approximately RMB1,409.6 million, which can be carried 

forward to offset future taxable income. Net operating loss carry forward of RMB21.1 million, RMB26.0 million, RMB17.1 million, 
RMB135.6 million and RMB1,209.8 million will expire in 2024, 2025, 2026, 2027 and years after 2027, respectively, if not utilized.

Movement of Valuation Allowance

Valuation allowance is provided against deferred tax assets when the Group determines that it is more likely than not that the 

deferred tax assets will not be utilized in the future. In making such determination, the Group considered factors including future 
reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, future profitability and tax planning strategies. Valuation allowance was mainly 
provided for net operating loss carry forward because it was more likely than not that such deferred tax assets will not be realized 
based on the Group’s estimate of its future taxable income.

The following table sets forth the movement of the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets (in thousands):

Balance as of January 1,
Additions
Reversals
Balance as of December 31,

2021
RMB

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

127,809
61,716
(2,129)
187,396

187,396
75,833
—
263,229

263,229
50,151
(5,562)
307,818

F-38

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

13.  Income Taxes (Continued)

Uncertain Tax Positions

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of liabilities associated with uncertain tax positions is as follows (in 

thousands):

Balance as of January 1,
Reversal of uncertain tax positions over 10 years
Increase related to current year tax positions
Balance as of December 31,

2021
RMB

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

28,182
—
148
28,330

28,330
(7,997)
—
20,333

20,333
(4,236)
2,501
18,598

The Group did not accrue any potential penalties and interest related to these uncertain tax positions for all years presented on 

the basis that the likelihood of penalties and interest being charged is not considered to be probable. In 2022 and 2023, the Group 
reversed RMB8.0 million and RMB4.2 million of liabilities associated with uncertain tax positions accrued more than 10 years, 
respectively, as their probability of being investigated by the PRC tax authorities would be remote. The increase in liabilities 
associated with uncertain tax positions represents liabilities accrued base on current year positions when the Group expects that it is 
more likely than not that the ultimate resolution of uncertain tax positions may be different from these estimates.

The amounts of uncertain tax positions listed above are based on the recognition and measurement criteria of ASC 740. 

However, due to the uncertain and complex application of tax regulations, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of uncertain tax 
positions may result in liabilities which could be materially different from these estimates. In such an event, the Group will record 
additional tax expense or tax benefit in the period in which such resolution occurs. The Group does not expect changes in uncertain 
tax positions recognized as of December 31, 2023 to be material in the next twelve months. In accordance with PRC Tax 
Administration Law on the Levying and Collection of Taxes, the PRC tax authorities generally have up to five years to claw back 
underpaid tax plus penalties and interest for PRC entities’ tax filings. In the case of tax evasion, which is not clearly defined in the 
law, there is no limitation on the tax years open for investigation. Accordingly, the PRC entities’ tax years from 2019 to 2023 remain 
subject to examination by tax authorities. There are no ongoing examinations by tax authorities as of December 31, 2023.

14.  Ordinary Shares

The Company has Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares which are all at par value of US$0.01 each. Holders of 
Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares have the same rights except that holders of Class A ordinary shares are entitled to 
one vote per share, while holders of Class B ordinary shares are entitled to 1.3 votes per share. The Parent, which is wholly owned by 
Phoenix TV, holds Class B ordinary shares, each of which is convertible into one Class A ordinary share at any time by the holder 
thereof. Class A ordinary shares are not convertible into Class B ordinary shares under any circumstances.

As of December 31, 2022, there were 264,998,965 Class A ordinary shares issued and outstanding, and 317,325,360 Class B 

ordinary shares issued and outstanding. As of December 31, 2023, there were 264,998,965 Class A ordinary shares issued and 
262,954,885 Class A ordinary shares outstanding, and 317,325,360 Class B ordinary shares issued and outstanding.

F-39

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

15.  Treasury Stock

On September 27, 2023, the Company’s board of directors approved a share repurchase program. Under the terms of the 

approved program (“Share Repurchase Program”), the Company may repurchase up to US$2 million worth of its outstanding 
American depositary shares (“ADSs”), each representing 48 Class A ordinary shares of the Company, from time to time for a period 
not to exceed five (5) months starting from September 27, 2023, the effective date of the program.

 During the year ended December 31, 2023 and as of December 31, 2023, the Company had repurchased 42,585 ADSs, on the 

open market for a total considerations of US$0.1 million (RMB0.7 million). 

16.  Share-based Compensation

Share-based compensation recognized in costs and expenses for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 are as 

follows (in thousands):

Cost of revenues
Sales and marketing expenses
General and administrative expenses
Technology and product development expenses
Total

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

3,052
1,704
3,244
1,582
9,582

2,802
1,842
2,215
1,022
7,881

1,737
1,115
273
588
3,713

The Group recognized share-based compensation, net of estimated forfeitures, on a graded-vesting basis over the vesting term 

of the awards. There was no income tax benefit recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income/(loss) for share-
based compensation and the Group did not capitalize any of the share-based compensation as part of the cost of any asset in the years 
ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023.

For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, the Group recognized share-based compensation net of forfeitures 

for options and restricted share unit of RMB9.6 million, RMB7.9 million and RMB3.7 million, respectively.

Share Options of the Company

In June 2018, the Company adopted a Share Option Scheme (the “June 2018 Scheme”), which permit the grant of options to 

its eligible recipients for up to 10% of the ordinary shares in issue (the “Limit”) on the effective dates of the schemes. The total 
number of ordinary shares which may be issued upon exercise of all outstanding options granted and yet to be exercised under the 
schemes and any other share option schemes of the Company shall not exceed 30% of the ordinary shares in issue from time to time. 
The Company may seek approval from its shareholders to refresh the Limit provided that the Limit as refreshed shall not exceed 10% 
of the ordinary shares of the Company in issue as at the date of approval, and options previously granted will not be counted for the 
purpose of calculating the Limit as refreshed. Any outstanding option lapse in accordance with the terms of the schemes will not be 
counted for the purpose of calculating the Limit. Option awards are granted with an exercise price determined by the board of 
directors. Those option awards vest over a period of four years and expire in ten years. In June 2022, the shareholders of Phoenix TV 
and the board of the Company approved the refreshment of the total number of Class A ordinary shares that may be issued upon 
exercise of all options to be granted under the 2018 share option plan, excluding previously granted, outstanding, cancelled, lapsed or 
exercised awards.

F-40

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

16.  Share-based Compensation (Continued)

Share Options of the Company (Continued)

A summary of the Company’s share option activities for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 is presented 

below:

Number of
Options

Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
US$

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
Years

Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
US$ in Million

Outstanding as of January 1, 2021
Granted
Forfeited and expired
Exercised
Outstanding as of December 31, 2021
Granted
Forfeited and expired
Exercised
Outstanding as of December 31, 2022
Granted
Forfeited and expired
Exercised
Outstanding as of December 31, 2023
Exercisable as of December 31, 2023
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2023

52,225,353
1,730,000
(3,616,991)
—
50,338,362
—
(8,862,859)
—
41,475,503
—
(17,378,280)
—
24,097,223
21,787,223
23,516,723

0.41
0.21
0.43
—
0.40
—
0.44
—
0.40
—
0.42
—
0.38
0.39
0.38

6.2

5.5

4.8

5.1
4.9
5.0

—

—
—

—
—

—
—
—

The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding, exercisable and vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2023 
was calculated as the difference between the Company’s closing stock price of US$1.36 per ADS, or US$0.03 per share as of that 
date, and the exercise price of the underlying options. The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised was calculated as the 
difference between the market value on the date of exercise and the exercise price of the underlying options.

As disclosed in Note 2(w), the Company’s share-based compensation is measured at the value of the award as calculated 

under the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company estimated the expected volatility at the date of grant based on average 
annualized standard deviation of the share price of comparable listed companies. The Company has no history or expectation of 
paying regular dividends on its ordinary shares. The Company estimated the expected term based on the vesting schedule and the 
exercise period of the options. Risk-free interest rates are based on the derived market yield of the U.S. Treasury securities with an 
estimated country-risk differential as of the valuation date. The key assumptions used in determining the fair value of options granted 
during the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 are as follows:

Expected volatility rate
Expected dividend yield
Expected term (years)
Risk-free interest rate (per annum)

2021

65.34%-68.45%
—
6.16
1.32%-1.72%

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

2023
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A

The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted for the year ended December 31, 2021 were US$0.21. There 

were no options granted in 2022 and 2023.

As of December 31, 2023, there was RMB0.2 million of unrecognized share-based compensation for options, adjusted for 
estimated forfeitures. The unrecognized share-based compensation is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 
0.76 year.

Share-based Awards of the Company’s Subsidiaries, VIEs and Subsidiaries of the VIEs

One of the Company’s subsidiaries, Fread Limited, adopted a restricted share unit scheme in March 2018 to grant a total of 

2,000,000 restricted share units to employees (the “2018 Fread RSU Scheme”) and there were 920,000 restricted share units of Fread 
Limited granted under the 2018 Fread RSU Scheme as of December 31, 2023. For the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 
2023, Fread Limited recognized share-based compensation net of forfeitures of RMB1.1 million, RMB0.1 million and nil, 
respectively.

F-41

Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

17.  Segments

The Group currently operates in two principal operating segments: net advertising services and paid services. Information 

provided to the CODM is at the gross margin level. The Group currently does not allocate operating expenses or assets to its segments, 
as its CODM does not use such information to allocate resources to or evaluate the performance of the operating segments.

The following table presents summarized information by segments (in thousands):

Revenues

Net advertising services
Paid services
Total revenues
Cost of revenues

Net advertising services
Paid services

Total cost of revenues
Gross profit

Net advertising services
Paid services
Total gross profit

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

930,025
100,306
1,030,331

566,443
30,954
597,397

363,582
69,352
432,934

696,664
89,043
785,707

514,725
33,780
548,505

181,939
55,263
237,202

619,260
72,760
692,020

423,728
40,417
464,145

195,532
32,343
227,875

18.  Fair Value Measurements 

Assets and Liabilities Measured and Disclosed at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

In accordance with ASC 820, the Group measures term deposits and short-term investments, restricted cash and available-for-

sale debt investments at fair value on a recurring basis.

The following table sets forth the financial instruments, measured at fair value on a recurring basis, by level within the fair 

value hierarchy (in thousands):

As of December 31, 2022:

Assets:

Term deposits and short-term investments
Restricted cash
Available-for-sale debt investments

As of December 31, 2023:

Assets:

Term deposits and short-term investments
Restricted cash
Available-for-sale debt investments

Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using

Carrying
Value
on Balance
Sheets
RMB

Quote Prices
in Active
Market for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
RMB

Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
RMB

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
RMB

1,049,555
9,055
304

558,765
7,049
309

—
9,055
—

—
7,049
—

1,049,555
—
—

558,765
—
—

—
—
304

—
—
309

F-42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

18.  Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

Assets and Liabilities Measured and Disclosed at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Continued)

The following table sets forth the reconciliation of the fair value measurements of available-for-sale debt investments from 

January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

Ending balance as of January 1, 2021

Change in fair value
Currency translation adjustment

Ending balance as of December 31, 2021

Change in fair value
Impairment
Currency translation adjustment

Ending balance as of December 31, 2022

Change in fair value
Currency translation adjustment

Ending balance as of December 31, 2023

Fair Value
Measurements of
Available-for-sale
Debt Investments
RMB

36,662
(6,611)
(650)
29,401
(24,010)
(5,980)
893
304
—
5
309

Term deposit and short-term investments. The Group’s term deposit and short-term investments consist of wealth 
management products and structured deposits issued by commercial banks and other financial institutions with original maturity of 
more than three months and up to one year, which contain a variable interest rate. The Group elected the fair value method at the date 
of initial recognition and carried these investments at fair value. Changes in the fair value are reflected in the consolidated statements 
of comprehensive income/(loss) as interest income. To estimate fair value, the Group refers to the quoted rate of return provided by 
banks at the end of each period using the discounted cash flow method. The Group classifies the valuation techniques that use these 
inputs as Level 2 of fair value measurements.

Restricted cash. The Group’s restricted cash represents deposits that are restricted to withdrawal or usage. The fair values of 

restricted cash are determined based on the pervasive interest rate in the market. The Group classifies the valuation techniques that use 
the pervasive interest rates input as Level 1 of fair value measurement.

Available-for-sale debt investments. Available-for-sale debt investments mainly represent the investments of convertible 

redeemable preferred shares in Particle. In accordance with ASC 820, the Group measures available-for-sale debt investments at fair 
value on a recurring basis. The fair values of the investments in Particle as of December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 were determined 
based on a valuation technique under the market approach, known as guideline company method, where financial ratios of comparable 
companies were analyzed to determine the value of Particle, as well as using observable transactions of Particle’s shares. The Group 
classifies the valuation techniques that use unobservable inputs as Level 3 of fair value measurements.

The key inputs used in valuation of available-for-sale debt investments in Particle as of December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 

were as follow:

Lack of marketability discount (“DLOM”)
Volatility

2021
20%
49.0%

As of December 31,
2022
20%
50.0%

2023
20%
50.0%

F-43

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

18.  Fair Value Measurements (Continued)

Assets and Liabilities Measured and Disclosed at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

The Group’s non-financial long-lived assets, such as equity method investments, intangible assets and fixed assets, would be 
measured at fair value only if they were determined to be impaired on an other-than-temporary basis. The Group uses a combination 
of valuation methodologies, including market and income approaches based on the Group’s best estimate to determine the fair value of 
these non-financial assets. Inputs used in these methodologies primarily included future cash flows, discount rate, expected volatility 
and the selection of comparable companies operating in similar businesses. 

For equity investments without readily determinable fair values accounted for under the measurement alternative, when there 

are observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer, the investments are re-
measured to fair value. The non-recurring fair value measurements to the carrying amount of an investment usually requires 
management to estimate a price adjustment for the different rights and obligations between a similar instrument of the same issuer 
with an observable price change in an orderly transaction and the investment held by the Company. These non-recurring fair value 
measurements were measured as of the observable transaction dates. The valuation methodologies involved require management to 
use the observable transaction price at the transaction date and other unobservable inputs (level 3) such as volatility of comparable 
companies and probability of exit events as it relates to liquidation and redemption preferences.

Accounts receivable, notes receivable, amounts due from related parties, prepayments and other current assets, accounts 

payable, amounts due to related parties and accrued expense and other current liabilities are financial assets or liabilities with carrying 
values that approximate fair value due to their short term nature.

19.  Net Income/(Loss) per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income/(loss) per share for the years indicated 

(amounts in thousands, except for number of shares and per share data):

Net loss per Class A and Class B ordinary share — basic:
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to Phoenix New Media Limited
Denominator:
Denominator used in computing net loss per share — basic
Net loss per Class A and Class B ordinary share — basic
Net loss per Class A and Class B ordinary share — diluted:
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to Phoenix New Media Limited
Denominator:
Denominator used in computing net loss per share — basic
Share-based awards
Denominator used in computing net loss per share — diluted
Net loss per Class A and Class B ordinary share — diluted
Net loss per ADS (1 ADS represents 48 Class A ordinary shares):
Denominator used in computing net loss per ADS — basic
Denominator used in computing net loss per ADS — diluted
Net loss per ADS — basic
Net loss per ADS — diluted

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

(205,701)

(109,652)

(102,496)

582,324,325
(0.35)

582,324,325
(0.19)

582,241,827
(0.18)

(205,701)

(109,652)

(102,496)

582,324,325
—
582,324,325
(0.35)

12,131,757
12,131,757
(16.96)
(16.96)

582,324,325
—
582,324,325
(0.19)

12,131,757
12,131,757
(9.04)
(9.04)

582,241,827
—
582,241,827
(0.18)

12,130,038
12,130,038
(8.45)
(8.45)

There were 37,838,136, 38,975,848 and 27,063,618 options to purchase ordinary shares have been excluded from the 

computation of diluted net income/(loss) per share for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively, as their 
effects would be anti-dilutive.

F-44

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

20.  Commitments and Contingencies

(a) Commitments

As of December 31, 2023, future minimum commitments under non-cancelable agreements were as follows (in thousands):

Property
Management
Costs

Bandwidth
Purchases

RMB

RMB

Cooperation
with
Phoenix TV
Group
RMB

Content
Purchases

Property and
Equipment, and
Intangible Assets

RMB

RMB

Others

RMB

5,461
4,292
4,201
1,839
15,793

278
—
—
—
278

1,420
1,420
1,420
—
4,260

7,998
200
100
—
8,298

300
—
—
—
300

3,191
449
106
—
3,746

Total

RMB

18,648
6,361
5,827
1,839
32,675

2024
2025
2026
2027
Total

The amounts of cooperation with Phoenix TV Group are calculated according to the agreements between the Group and 

Phoenix TV Group (see Note 2(a)).

Upon the adoption of ASC 842 on January 1, 2019, future minimum lease payments for operating lease commitments as of 

December 31, 2023 are disclosed in Note 2(v).

The Group did not have any significant capital and other commitments, long-term obligations, or guarantees as of December 

31, 2022 and 2023.

(b) Litigation

From time to time, the Group is involved in claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. The 

Group is currently a party to certain legal proceedings and claims which in the opinion of the Company’s management, adequate 
provisions have been recorded to cover the probable loss of those that can be reasonably estimated, while other claims are considered 
would not have material adverse effect, individually or in the aggregate, on the Group’s financial position, results of operations or 
cash flows.

Litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties and the Group’s view of these matters may change in the future. There exists the 

possibility of a material adverse impact on the Group’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows for the period in which 
the unfavorable outcome occurs, and potentially in future periods.

(c) Long-term Liabilities for Uncertain Tax Positions

As mentioned in Note 13, as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the Group had recorded uncertain tax positions of 

RMB20.3 million and RMB18.6 million, respectively.

F-45

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

21.  Related Party Transactions

The table below sets forth the major related parties and their relationships with the Group:

Related Parties
Other entities within the Phoenix TV Group
China Mobile Communication Corporation (“China Mobile”)
Henan Fengyi Feiyang Network Technology Limited (“Fengyi  
Technology”)
Mr. Gao Ximin and Mr. Qiao Haiyan
Mr. Zou Ming and Ms Wang Xiaojia

Relationships with the Group
Under common control by Phoenix TV
A shareholder of Phoenix TV

Investee

Legal shareholders of Tianying Jiuzhou and employees of the Group
Legal shareholders of Fenghuang Ronghe and employees of the Group

In addition to those disclosed elsewhere in the financial statements, the Group had the following related party transactions for 

the years ended December 31, 2021, 2022 and 2023 (in thousands):

Transactions with the Other Entities Within the Phoenix TV Group: 

Content provided by Phoenix TV Group
Advertising and promotion expenses charged by Phoenix TV Group
Corporate administrative expenses charged by Phoenix TV Group
Trademark license fees charged by Phoenix TV Group
Project cost charged by Phoenix TV Group
Revenues earned from Phoenix TV Group

Transactions with China Mobile: 

Advertising revenues earned from China Mobile
Paid services revenues earned from and through China Mobile
Revenue sharing fees and bandwidth costs charged by China Mobile

Transactions with Investees:

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

(17,263)
(2,477)
(1,093)
(4,267)
(595)
12,402

(45,000)
(1,168)
(1,071)
(3,803)
(2,971)
13,937

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

17,464
29,770
(6,631)

3,160
23,297
(4,971)

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

(45,000)
(4,290)
(943)
(5,548)
(2,601)
4,566

4,914
17,916
(3,313)

Advertising revenues earned from/(agency service fees paid to) Fengyi Technology
Revenues earned from other investees

(1,047)
—

48
142

197
93

F-46

 
21.  Related Party Transactions (Continued)

Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, the amounts of due from and due to related parties were as follows (in thousands):

Amounts due from related parties:

Due from China Mobile
Due from Phoenix TV Group
Due from other investees, net

Total
Amounts due to related parties:

Due to China Mobile
Due to Phoenix TV Group
Due to Fengyi Technology

Total

As of December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

5,626
40,540
49
46,215

—
62,700
2,033
64,733

3,834
53,611
—
57,445

8
20,793
1,369
22,170

The amounts due from Phoenix TV Group represent accounts receivable from Phoenix TV Group for the advertising services 
provided to its customers and advance payments to Phoenix TV Group for the content provided by it, and the amounts due to Phoenix 
TV Group represent resources or services provided by Phoenix TV Group, expenses paid by Phoenix TV Group on behalf of the 
Group, and expenses charged by Phoenix TV Group under the cooperation agreements (see Note 2 (a)).

22.  Restricted Net Assets

Relevant PRC laws and regulations permit payments of dividends by the Company’s subsidiaries, the VIEs and the 
subsidiaries of the VIEs incorporated in the PRC only out of their retained earnings, if any, as determined in accordance with PRC 
accounting standards and regulations. In addition, the Company’s subsidiaries, the VIEs and the subsidiaries of the VIEs incorporated 
in the PRC are required to annually appropriate 10% of their net after-tax income to the general reserve fund or the statutory surplus 
fund prior to payment of any dividends, unless such reserve funds have reached 50% of their respective registered capital. As a result 
of these and other restrictions under PRC laws and regulations, and in accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission 
Regulation S-X Rule 4-08 (e) (3), General Notes to Financial Statements, the Company’s subsidiaries, the VIEs and the subsidiaries 
of the VIEs incorporated in the PRC are restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their net assets to the Company either in the 
form of dividends, loans or advances, which the restricted portion amounted to approximately RMB409.3 million and RMB481.2 
million as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively. Even though the Company currently does not require any such dividends, 
loans or advances from the PRC entities for working capital and other funding purposes, the Company may in the future require 
additional cash resources from them due to changes in business conditions, to fund future acquisitions and development, or merely to 
declare and pay dividends or distributions to the Company’s shareholders. Except for the above, there is no other restriction on use of 
proceeds generated by the Company’s subsidiaries, the VIEs and the subsidiaries of the VIEs to satisfy any obligations of the 
Company.

Furthermore, cash transfers from the Company’s PRC subsidiaries to their parent companies outside of China are subject to 
PRC government regulations of currency conversion. Shortages in the availability of foreign currency may restrict the ability of the 
PRC subsidiaries and consolidated affiliated entities to remit sufficient foreign currency to pay dividends or other payments to the 
Company, or otherwise satisfy their foreign currency denominated obligations.

The Company performed a test on the restricted net assets of the Company’s subsidiaries, the VIEs and the subsidiaries of the 

VIEs in accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation S-X Rule 4-08 (e) (3), General Notes to Financial 
Statements and concluded that it was applicable for the Company to disclose its condensed financial information for the year ended 
December 31, 2023, as restricted net assets of the Company’s subsidiaries, the VIEs and the subsidiaries of the VIEs had exceeded 25 
percent of consolidated net assets for the year ended December 31, 2023. For the purposes of presenting the Company’s separate 
financial information, the Company records its investments in its subsidiaries under the equity method of accounting and consolidated 
net assets of the VIEs under ASC 810. Such investments are presented on the separate condensed balance sheets of the Company as 
“Investments in the subsidiaries” and “Share of loss from the subsidiaries” in the condensed statements of comprehensive 
income/(loss). See Note 24 for the Company’s information. 

F-47

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

23.  Subsequent Events

No subsequent event that had a material impact on the Group was identified through the date of issuance of the financial 

statements.

24.  Additional Information - Condensed Financial Statements of the Company

The condensed financial statements of Phoenix New Media Limited have been prepared in accordance with SEC Regulation 

S-X Rule 5-04 and Rule 12-04.The Company records its investments in its subsidiaries under the equity method of accounting and 
consolidated net assets of the VIEs under ASC 810. Such investments are presented on the balance sheets as “Investments in the 
subsidiaries”, and the net profit or loss of subsidiaries and VIEs is presented as “Share of loss from the subsidiaries” in the statement 
of comprehensive income/(loss).

As of December 31, 2022 and 2023, there were no material contingencies, significant provisions for long-term obligations, or 

guarantees of the Company, except for those, if any, which have been separately disclosed in the consolidated financial statements.

F-48

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Phoenix New Media Limited
Condensed Financial Information of the Company
Balance Sheets
(Amounts in thousands, except for number of shares and per share data)

As of December 31,

2022
RMB

2023
RMB

ASSETS
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Term deposits and short-term investments
Amounts due from subsidiaries and VIEs
Prepayments and other current assets

Total current assets
Non-current assets:

Investments in the subsidiaries
Available-for-sale debt investments

Total non-current assets
Total assets
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:

Amounts due to subsidiaries and VIEs
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

Total current liabilities
Total liabilities
Shareholders’ equity:

Class A ordinary shares (US$0.01 par value, 680,000,000 shares authorized; 264,998,965 
shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022; 264,998,965 shares issued and 
262,954,885 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2023)
Class B ordinary shares (US$0.01 par value, 320,000,000 shares authorized; 317,325,360 
and 317,325,360 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, 
respectively)
Additional paid-in capital
Treasury stock (nil and 2,044,080 shares as of December 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively)
Accumulated deficits
Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total shareholders’ equity
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

10,552
2,503
888,083
3,798
904,936

641,218
304
641,522
1,546,458

223,087
3,926
227,013
227,013

17,499

22,053

1,636,822
—
(311,527)
(45,402)
1,319,445
1,546,458

21,538
—
897,329
6,838
925,705

535,839
309
536,148
1,461,853

235,681
1,160
236,841
236,841

17,499

22,053

1,640,535
(655)
(414,023)
(40,397)
1,225,012
1,461,853

F-49

  
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Phoenix New Media Limited
Condensed Financial Information of the Company
Statements of Comprehensive Income/(Loss)
(Amounts in thousands)

Operating expenses:

General and administrative expenses

Total operating expenses
Loss from operations
Other income/(loss):
Net interest income
Foreign currency exchange gain/(loss)
 Impairment of available-for-sale debt investments
Others, net
Share of loss from the subsidiaries

Loss before income taxes
Income tax benefit

Net loss

Other comprehensive (loss)/income

Comprehensive loss

2021
RMB

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

(16,556)
(16,556)
(16,556)

3
5,775
—
5,152
(200,075)
(205,701)
—
(205,701)
(11,094)
(216,795)

(16,945)
(16,945)
(16,945)

50
(21,847)
(5,980)
(5,514)
(123,773)
(174,009)
64,357
(109,652)
(6,094)
(115,746)

(16,902)
(16,902)
(16,902)

944
(4,181)
—
—
(82,357)
(102,496)
—
(102,496)
5,005
(97,491)

F-50

 
Phoenix New Media Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Phoenix New Media Limited
Condensed Financial Information of the Company
Statements of Cash Flows
(Amounts in thousands)

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net cash used in operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities:

Placement of short-term investments
Maturity of short-term investments
Return of equity investment principal from a subsidiary

Net cash (used in)/provided by investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:

Repayment from/(payment to) subsidiaries and VIEs
Repurchase of ordinary shares
Dividends returned from shareholders

Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year

For the Years Ended December 31,
2022
RMB

2023
RMB

2021
RMB

(34,801)

—
—
—
—

39,171
—
4,725
43,896
9,095
24,932
34,027

(20,974)

(32,312)
29,875
—
(2,437)

(64)
—
—
(64)
(23,475)
34,027
10,552

(20,850)

(58,951)
61,388
19,722
22,159

10,332
(655)
—
9,677
10,986
10,552
21,538

F-51

Trademark Licensing Agreement

Supplementary Agreement No.3

Exhibit 4.68

This Supplementary Agreement No.3 is made on  December 7  , 2023 by and between:  

(1)

(2)

Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited, with its registered address at Vistra 
Corporate Services Centre, Wickhams Cay II, Road Town, Tortola VG 1110, British 
Virgin Islands and authorized representative being Yang Jiaqiang (the “Licensor”); and 

Yifeng Lianhe (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd., with its registered address at Room 07, 
Floor 8, Building 2, Yard 4, Qiyang Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China and legal 
representative being He Yansheng (the "Licensee"). 

(For the purpose of this Supplementary Agreement No.3, the Licensor and the Licensee may 
hereinafter be referred to collectively as the “Parties” and individually as a “Party”. )

WHEREAS:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The Licensor and the Licensee signed a Trademark Licensing Agreement on December 
8,  2017,  and  then  signed  the  Supplementary  Agreement  No.1  to  the  Trademark 
Licensing  Agreement  (the  “Supplementary  Agreement  No.1”),  the  Supplementary 
Agreement  No.2  to  the  Trademark  Licensing  Agreement  (the  “Supplementary 
Agreement  No.2”,  and  collectively  with  the  Trademark  Licensing  Agreement,  the 
Supplementary Agreement No.1, the “Original Agreements”) on August 5, 2019 and 
November  26,  2020  respectively.  The  Licensor  agrees  to  grant  the  license  to  use 
trademarks  and  logos  to  the  Licensee  according  to  the  provisions  of  the  Original 
Agreements.

The  Original  Agreements  shall  be  valid  until  December  7,  2023  according  to  the 
provisions  of  the  Original  Agreements.  Before  the  expiration  of  the  Original 
Agreements, the Original Agreements can, upon written confirmation by the Licensor, 
be extended for a period which shall be separately confirmed by the Licensor and the 
Licensee through negotiation.

The Licensor agrees to newly grant to the Licensee the license to use the trademarks 
listed in Article 2 of Annex I to this Supplementary Agreement No.3. 

The Trademark License Rights granted under this Supplementary Agreement No.3 shall 
be  valid  within  the  territory  of  the  countries  and  regions  where  the  trademarks  are 
registered.

The Licensor further agrees that the Licensee may reauthorize the Licensed Trademarks 
to  its  affiliated  companies  (the  term  “affiliated  companies”,  as  referred  to  in  this 
Supplementary Agreement No.3 means a company directly or indirectly controlling, or 
directly  or  indirectly  controlled  by,  or  directly  or  indirectly  controlled  by  one  same 
company with, the Licensee. “Control” refers to the power to influence the management 
of the company mentioned, whether through ownership, voting shares, agreements, or 
other means) for the purpose of establishing content operation accounts on third-party 
platforms.  However,  the  affiliated  companies  of  the  Licensee  are  prohibited  from 
sublicensing the Licensed Trademarks further.

NOW, THEREFORE, through friendly negotiation, the Parties hereby agree as follows: 

1

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The  Parties  confirm  that  the  term  of  the  Original  Agreements  will  be  extended  to 
December  7,  2026  (  the  “New  Term”).  Before  the  expiration  of  the  New  Term,  the 
Original Agreements can, upon written confirmation by the Licensor, be extended for a 
period which shall be separately confirmed by the Licensor and the Licensee through 
negotiation.

The  licensed  trademarks,  licensed  logos  and  the  effective  dates  of  their  respective 
licenses listed in the Original Agreements shall be subject to the trademarks, logos and 
the effective dates of their respective licenses listed in Articles 1 and 3 of Annex I to 
this  Supplementary  Agreement  No.3.  The  valid  period  of  the  license  to  the  licensed 
trademarks listed in Article 1 of Annex I to this Supplementary Agreement No.3 will be 
extended to December 7, 2026 or until the Licensor terminates the licenses according to 
the provisions of the Original Agreements, whichever is the earlier. The valid period of 
the license to the licensed logos listed in Article 3 of Annex I of this Supplementary 
Agreement No.3 or the newly added logos “Phoenix+(characters or graphics)” shall be 
subject to the provisions of Article 10.1 of the Trademark Licensing Agreement on the 
logos 
logos 
“Phoenix+(characters or graphics)” in the future.

in  Article  3  of  Annex  I 

the  newly  added 

thereto  or 

listed 

The  Licensor  agrees  to  grant  to  the  Licensee  a  new  non-exclusive  license  to  use  the 
trademarks  listed  in  Article  2  of  Annex  I  to  this  Supplementary  Agreement  No.3 
according  to  the  provisions  of  the  Original  Agreements  and  this  Supplementary 
Agreement No.3. The valid period of the aforesaid license shall commence on December 
8,  2023  and  end  on  December  7,  2026  or  until  the  Licensor  terminates  the  license 
according to provisions of the Original Agreements, whichever is the earlier.

The Trademark License Rights granted under this Supplementary Agreement No.3 shall 
be valid in the territory of the countries and regions where the trademarks are registered. 
The Licensee agrees that it will not directly or indirectly use or authorize other persons 
to use the Licensed Trademarks in other territories. However, the display of the Licensed 
Trademarks outside the territories permitted due to the cross-border dissemination of the 
internet, does not constitute the use or indirect use agreed under this Article.

The  Licensee  may  reauthorize  the  “ifeng+  (channels,  businesses  or  columns)” 
trademarks to its affiliated companies for the purpose of establishing content operation 
accounts  of  the  same  names  on  third-party  platforms,  with  reauthorized  periods  not 
exceeding  the  New  Term.  However,  the  affiliated  companies  of  the  Licensee  are 
prohibited from sublicensing the Licensed Trademarks further.

6.

Miscellaneous

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

After this Supplementary Agreement No.3 comes into force, it will become an 
integral part of and have the same legal effect as the Original Agreements. Except 
for the clauses explicitly modified in this Supplementary Agreement No.3, the 
remaining provisions of the Original Agreements shall remain valid. In case of 
any  conflict  between  this  Supplementary  Agreement  No.3  and  the  Original 
Agreements, this Supplementary Agreement No.3 shall prevail.

Unless otherwise agreed in this Supplementary Agreement No.3, all terms used 
in this Supplementary Agreement No.3 shall have the same meanings given to 
them in the Original Agreements.  

This Supplementary Agreement No.3 is executed in two counterparts, with each 
of the Licensor and the Licensee holding one, and such two counterparts shall 
have the equal legal force. 

This Supplementary Agreement No.3 shall be valid from December 8, 2023 to 
December 7, 2026. 

2

Annex I

1. Licensed Trademarks and Licensed Logos under the Original Agreements

1.1 Trademarks Registered in China

1.2 Other Licensed Logos 

2. Licensed Trademarks Newly Added under this Supplementary Agreement No. 3

2.1 Newly-added Registered Trademarks in China

2.2 Notice of Acceptance of Registration of Newly Added Trademarks 

3. Other Licensed Logos under the Trademark Licensing Agreement

(The remainder of this page is intentionally left blank)

3

 
Signature Page 

Licensor:

Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited

(Seal)

By:               

Name: 

Title: 

Licensee:

Yifeng Lianhe (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd.

(Seal)

By:                 

Name:

Title: 

4

Annex I

1. Licensed Trademarks and Logos under the Original Agreements

1.1

Trademarks Registered in China

S/N

Reproduction of 
Trademark

Class Owner/Registrant 

Registration 
Number

Valid Period 
of 
Registration

1

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45256954

Until January 
6￿2031

5

Authorization 
Document and 
Its Signing Date

Effective Date 
of License

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

Goods/Services

Internet broadcasting service; 
Fiber optic communication; 
Synchronously broadcast TV on 
global communication network, 
Internet and wireless network; 
Network transmission of sound, 
images, signals, and data; Sound, 
video, and information 
transmission; Provide 
telecommunications connectivity 
services with global computer 
networks; Provide Internet chat 
rooms; Provide global computer 
network user access services; 
Provide online forums; News 
agency services; Radio 
broadcasting; Electronic bulletin 
board service (communication 
service); Email transmission; 
Television broadcasting; 
Network broadcasting services; 
Video on demand transmission; 
Computer assisted information 
and image transmission; Audio 
remote conference service.

2

3

4

5

6

9

41

16

41

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45242409

Until 
December 
20, 2031

Refrigerator magnetic sticker

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45256966

Until 
October 27, 
2032

Tour guide services

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

6882737

Until April 
13, 2032

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

6882754

Until April 
13, 2032

Printing publications; Teaching 
materials (excluding 
instruments); Journal; Plastic 
film for packaging; Picture; 
Office essentials excluding 
furniture; Rosary beads; Model 
materials; Paper; painting 
materials
Arrangement and organization of 
meetings; animal training; 
education; program production; 
operation of lottery tickets; fee-
paying libraries; journalist 
services; entertainment; 
publishing of online electronic 
books and magazines; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions.

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45239930

Until 
December 
20, 2031

Measurement

6

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)
License under 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

December 8, 
2020

December 8, 
2017

December 8, 
2017

December 8, 
2020

7

8

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

6882736

Until 
October 13, 
2032

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

6882755

Until August 
13, 2030

Advertising planning; advertising 
agency; accounting; personnel 
management consulting; business 
district migration (providing 
information); business 
information; online 
advertisements on data 
communication networks; 
marketing (for others); data 
retrieval in computer files (for 
others); rental of vending 
machines.
Information transmission; Fiber 
optic communication; Provide 
telecommunications connectivity 
services with global computer 
networks; Provide global 
computer network user access 
services (service providers); 
Radio broadcasting; Electronic 
bulletin board service 
(communication service); Email; 
Television broadcasting; 
Computer assisted information 
and image transmission; Remote 
Meeting Services.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

7

9

10

11

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45235305

Until 
December 
20, 2031

Journal; Magazine (Journal)

36

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

14911035

Until 
November 
13, 2025

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31849352

Until April 
27, 2029

8

Insurance; insurance consulting; 
insurance information; provision 
of financial information through 
websites; banks; financial loans; 
financial information; financial 
services; online banking; coin 
valuation; real estate agency; 
brokerage; guarantee; raising of 
charitable funds; trust; pawn.

Personnel management 
consulting; migration of 
commercial enterprises; business 
information; online 
advertisements on computer 
networks; marketing for others; 
data retrieval in computer files 
(for others); rental of vending 
machines; advertising planning; 
advertising agency; accounting.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5 
(August 5, 2019)

October 21, 
2020

12

13

14

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31851131

Until August 
20, 2029

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884528

Until 
February 20, 
2024

Education; arrangement and 
organization of meetings; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions; 
libraries that lend books; 
production of radio and television 
programs; journalist services; 
entertainment services; animal 
training; organization of lottery 
issuance.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6 
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

Computer peripheral equipment; 
timers; electronic bulletin boards; 
network communication 
equipment; video cameras; 
camera (photography); measuring 
apparatus and instruments; 
glasses; batteries; movie films 
(Exposed).

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31848099

Until August 
27, 2029

Paper; periodicals; plastic films 
for packaging; office necessities 
other than furniture; painting 
materials; teaching materials 
(except instruments); powder 
blocks for tailors; model 
materials.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6 
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

9

15

16

17

36

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31836665

Until August 
20, 2029

Real estate agency; Insurance 
information; Insurance 
consultation; Insurance brokers; 
Trust; Pawn; Raising charitable 
funds; Guarantee; Brokerage; 
Valuation of Coins

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

January 6, 2021

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884524

Until January 
6, 2024

Arrangement and organization of 
meetings; education; program 
production; journalist services; 
entertainment; organization of 
educational or entertainment 
competitions.  

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

Information transmission; Fiber 
optic communication; Provide 
telecommunications connectivity 
services with global computer 
networks; Provide global 
computer network user access 
services (service providers); 
Radio broadcasting; Electronic 
bulletin board service 
(communication service); Email; 
Television broadcasting; 
Computer assisted information 

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884525

Until 
October 27, 
2032

10

and image transmission; Remote 
Meeting Services.

18

19

36

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

19867579

Until 
September 6, 
2027

Insurance information; insurance 
consulting; insurance; coin 
valuation; real estate agency; 
brokerage; guarantee; raising of 
charitable funds; trust; pawn.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884527

Until August 
13, 2024

Plastic films for packaging; 
painting materials; office 
necessities other than furniture; 
teaching materials (except 
instruments); model materials; 
rosary beads; paper.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

11

20

21

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31829498

Until April 
20, 2029

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31847229

Until April 
27, 2029

Research and development of 
new products for others; 
measurement; meteorological 
information; packaging design; 
development of construction 
projects; fashion design; 
managed computer stations 
(websites); transformation of 
tangible data or documents into 
electronic media; rental of 
network servers; provision of 
internet search engines.
Television broadcasting; radio 
broadcasting; electronic bulletin 
board services (communication 
services); email transmission; 
optical fiber communication; 
computer aided information and 
image transmission; provision of 
global computer network user 
access services; provision of 
telecommunications connection 
services of global computer 
networks; transmission of 
information; video conference 
services.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

12

22

23

24

Research and development (for 
others); measurement; 
meteorological information; 
packaging design; development 
of construction projects; fashion 
design; rental of network servers; 
managed computer stations 
(websites); provision of internet 
search engines; transformation of 
tangible data and documents into 
electronic media.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

Paper; periodicals; plastic films 
for packaging; office necessities 
other than furniture; painting 
materials; teaching materials 
(except instruments); powder 
blocks for tailors; model 
materials.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 28, 2019

Online advertisements on data 
communication networks; 
advertising agency; advertising 
planning; business information; 
marketing (for others); personnel 
management consulting; business 
district migration (providing 
information); data retrieval in 
computer files (for others); 
accounting; rental of vending 
machines.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884523

Until August 
20, 2025

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31851271A

Until July 
27, 2029

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884526

Until 
February 13, 
2024

13

25

26

27

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31838160

Until April 
20, 2029

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31830927A

Until June 
20, 2029

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31830848

Until April 
27, 2029

14

Exposed movie film; Camera; 
Measuring instruments and 
devices; Camera (photography); 
Electronic bulletin boards; 
Battery; Glasses; Network 
communication equipment; 
Timer (time recording device); 
Computer peripherals

Education; arrangement and 
organization of meetings; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions; 
libraries that lend books; 
production of radio and television 
programs; journalist services; 
entertainment services; animal 
training; organization of lottery 
issuance.

Personnel management 
consulting; migration of 
commercial enterprises; business 
information; online 
advertisements on computer 
networks; marketing for others; 
data retrieval in computer files 
(for others); rental of vending 
machines; advertising planning; 
advertising agency; accounting.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

October 21, 
2020

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

October 21, 
2020

28

29

30

45

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31843482

Until May 6, 
2029

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31838248

Until May 6, 
2029

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884520

Until March 
13, 2024

15

Physical security consulting; 
social companionship; rental of 
clothing; marriage introduction; 
online social networking 
services; dating services; 
intellectual property consulting; 
intellectual property license; 
legal research; mediation. 

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

Paper; printed publications; 
periodicals; pictures; plastic films 
for packaging; office necessities 
other than furniture; painting 
materials; teaching materials 
(except instruments); powder 
blocks for tailors; model 
materials.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

Online advertisements on data 
communication networks; 
advertising agency; advertising 
planning; business information; 
marketing (for others); personnel 
management consulting; business 
district migration (providing 
information); data retrieval in 
computer files (for others); 
accounting; rental of vending 
machines.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

31

32

33

Research and development of 
new products for others; 
measurement; meteorological 
information; packaging design; 
development of construction 
projects; fashion design; rental of 
network servers; provision of 
internet search engines; 
transformation of tangible data 
and documents into electronic 
media; managed computer 
stations (websites).

Education; arrangement and 
organization of meetings; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions; 
libraries that lend books; online 
publishing of electronic books 
and magazines; production of 
radio and television programs; 
journalist services; entertainment 
services; animal training; 
organization of lottery issuance.

Insurance information; insurance 
consulting; insurance brokerage; 
provision of financial 
information through websites; 
online banking; banks; financial 
loans; financial information; 
financial management; coin 
valuation; real estate agency; 
brokerage; guarantee; raising of 
charitable funds; trust; pawn.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31839380

Until April 
20, 2029

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31829984

Until 
September 6, 
2029

36

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31836669

Until May 6, 
2029

16

34

35

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884517

Until August 
20, 2024

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31838555

Until April 
27, 2029

Research and development (for 
others); measurement; 
meteorological information; 
packaging design; development 
of construction projects; fashion 
design; rental of network servers; 
provision of internet search 
engines; transformation of 
tangible data and documents into 
electronic media; managed 
computer stations (websites).

Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; video conference 
services; electronic bulletin board 
services (communication 
services); email transmission; 
optical fiber communication; 
computer aided information and 
image transmission; provision of 
global computer network user 
access services; provision of 
telecommunications connection 
services of global computer 
networks; information transfer. 

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

17

36

37

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31847249

Until May 
13, 2029

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884519

Until 
October 27, 
2032

Education; arrangement and 
organization of meetings; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions;  
libraries that lend books; online 
publishing of electronic books 
and magazines; production of 
radio and television programs; 
journalist services; entertainment 
services; animal training; 
organization of lottery issuance. 

Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; teleconference 
services; transmission of 
information; provision of 
telecommunications connection 
services of global computer 
networks; provision of global 
computer network user access 
services (service providers); 
computer aided information and 
image transmission; optical fiber 
communication; emails; 
electronic bulletin board services 
(communication services).

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

18

38

39

40

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31850942

Until May 
13, 2029

Paper; printed publications; 
periodicals; pictures; plastic films 
for packaging; office necessities 
other than furniture; painting 
materials; teaching materials 
(except instruments); powder 
blocks for tailors.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884518

Until 
February 13, 
2024

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31839412

Until April 
27, 2029

19

Education; arrangement and 
organization of meetings; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions; 
program production; journalist 
services; entertainment 
organization education or 
entertainment competitions.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

Electronic bulletin boards; timers 
(time recording devices); 
computer peripheral equipment; 
video cameras; network 
communication equipment; 
glasses; cameras (photography); 
measuring apparatus and 
instruments; batteries; Exposed 
movie films.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

October 21, 
2020

41

42

43

Computer peripheral equipment; 
timers; electronic bulletin boards; 
network communication 
equipment; video cameras; 
cameras (photography); 
measuring apparatus and 
instruments; glasses; batteries; 
movie film (exposed).

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

Research and development (for 
others); measurement; 
meteorological information; 
packaging design; development 
of construction projects; fashion 
design; transformation of 
tangible data and documents into 
electronic media; rental of 
network servers; managed 
computer stations (websites); 
provision of internet search 
engines.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

Computer peripheral equipment; 
timers; electronic bulletin boards; 
network communication 
equipment; video cameras; 
camera (photography); measuring 
apparatus and instruments; 
glasses; batteries; movie films 
(Exposed).

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884522

Until 
February 20, 
2024

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

8985921

Until March 
6, 2024

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

8985926

Until March 
6, 2024

20

44

45

46

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

8985924

Until 
February 20, 
2024

Online advertisements on data 
communication networks; 
advertising agency; advertising 
planning; business information; 
marketing (for others); personnel 
management consulting; business 
district migration (providing 
information); data retrieval in 
computer files (for others); 
accounting; rental of vending 
machine.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

8985922

Until March 
6, 2024

Education; arrangement and 
organization of meetings; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions; 
program production; journalist 
services; entertainment.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

Advertising agency; advertising 
planning; online advertisements 
on data communication 
networks; business information; 
marketing (for others); personnel 
management consulting; 
migration of commercial 
enterprises; data retrieval in 
computer files (for others); 
accounting; rental of vending 
machines.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430886

Until 
December 
13, 2026

21

47

48

45

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33084144

Until 
September 
27, 2029

Rental of clothing; marriage 
introduction; online social 
networking services; Dating 
services

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430885

Until April 
20, 2026

Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; transmission of 
information; computer aided 
information and image 
transmission; emails; optical 
fiber communication; electronic 
bulletin board services 
(communication services); 
provision of telecommunications 
connection services of global 
computer networks; video 
conference services; provision of 
global computer network user 
access services.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

22

49

50

51

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430887

Until August 
27, 2027

Periodicals; plastic films for 
packaging; office necessities 
other than furniture; painting 
materials; teaching materials 
(except instruments); model 
materials; rosary beads.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

Education; arrangement and 
organization of meetings; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions;  fee-
paying libraries; publishing of 
online electronic books and 
magazines; production of radio 
and television programs; 
journalist services; animal 
training; operation of lottery 
tickets.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

Computer peripheral equipment; 
timers (time recording devices); 
electronic bulletin boards; 
network communication 
equipment; video camera; 
glasses; batteries; exposed movie 
films.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430884

Until August 
20, 2027

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430888

Until 
September 6, 
2027

23

52

53

54

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430883

Until 
December 
13, 2026

Research and development of 
new products for others; 
measurement of meteorological 
information; packaging design; 
development of construction 
projects; fashion design; 
managed computer stations 
(websites); transformation of 
tangible data and documents into 
electronic media; provision of 
internet search engines; rental of 
network servers.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

45

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33080907

Until 
November 
27, 2029

Rental of clothing; marriage 
introduction; online social 
networking services; dating 
services.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

November 28, 
2019

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33066319

Until 
December 
13, 2029

Periodicals; powder blocks for 
tailors

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

December 14, 
2019

24

55

56

57

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33071876

Until 
October 6, 
2030

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33069673

Until 
October 13, 
2031

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33074189

Until January 
27, 2030

25

Personnel consultation; migration 
of commercial enterprises; 
business information; online 
advertisements on computer 
network; marketing for others; 
data retrieval in computer files 
(for others); rental of vending 
machines; advertising planning; 
advertising agency; accounting.

Production of radio and 
television programs; News 
journalist services; Organize 
lottery issuance; A library that 
lends books; Animal training; 
Arrange and organize meetings; 
education Organize educational 
or entertainment competitions

Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; video conference 
services; transmission of 
information; provision of 
telecommunications connection 
services of global computer 
networks; provision of global 
computer network user access 
services; computer aided 
information and image 
transmission; optical fiber 
communication; email 

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

October 7, 2020

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

October 14, 
2021

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

January 8, 2020

transmission; electronic bulletin 
board services (communication 
services).

58

59

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33076273

Until 
October 13, 
2030

Research and development of 
new products for others; 
measurement; meteorological 
information; packaging design; 
development of construction 
projects; fashion design; 
managed computer stations 
(websites); transformation of 
tangible data or documents into 
electronic media; provision of 
internet search engines; rental of 
network servers.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

October 14, 
2020

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33079433

Until 
December 
13, 2031

Exposed movie film; Electronic 
bulletin boards; Battery; Network 
communication equipment; 
Timer (time recording device); 
Computer peripherals

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

Febuary14, 
2021

26

1.2 Other Licensed Logos

S/N

Reproduction of Logo

Owner

Authorization Document and Its 
Signing Date

Effective Date of License

1

2

3

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

License under the Supplementary 
Agreement No.1
(April 27, 2018)

April 1, 2018

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

License under the Supplementary 
Agreement No.2
(August 15, 2018)

April 1, 2018

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

License under the Supplementary 
Agreement No.4
(October 18, 2018)

October 18, 2018

2. Licensed Trademarks Newly Added under this Supplementary Agreement No. 3

2.1 Newly-added Trademarks Registered in China

S/N

Reproduction of 
Trademark

Class Owner/Registrant 

Registration 
Number

Valid Period of 
Registration

Goods/Services 

Effective 
Date of 
License

27

1

2

45

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31850160

Until November 
27, 2032

Matchmaking services; Online social 
network services; Marriage introduction; 
Clothing rental

December 
7, 2023

Television and radio broadcasting services; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-to-satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite; relaying of television programmes 
by satellite; operation of satellite-to-earth 
receiver aerials; frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
dissemination of television programmes 
relayed by satellite receiver aerials by cable 
or by microwave link to television receivers 
of users; operation of television cable 
networks; provision and operation of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communications systems; 
videotext and teletext transmission services; 
electronic and telecommunication 
transmission services; transmission of data 
and of information by electronic, computer, 
cable, radio, radiopaging, teleprinter, 
teleletter, electronic mail, fax machine, 
television, microwave, laser beam, 
communications satellite or other 
communications means; provision of 
communication facilities for the interchange 
of data by electronic means; consultancy 
services relating to data communications; 
rental of communication apparatus.

December 
7, 2023

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

802346

Until August 2, 
2029

28

Scientific, nautical, surveying, 
photographic, cinematographic, optical, 
weighing, measuring, signalling, checking 
(supervision), life-saving and teaching 
apparatus and instruments; apparatus and 
instruments for conducting, switching, 
transforming, accumulating, regulating or 
controlling electricity; apparatus for 
recording, transmission or reproduction of 
sound or images; magnetic data carriers, 
recording discs; compact discs, DVDs and 
other digital recording media; mechanisms 
for coin-operated apparatus; cash registers, 
calculating machines, data processing 
equipment, computers; computer software; 
fire-extinguishing apparatus; computer 
software development tools; computer 
software for use as an application 
programming interface (API); application 
programming interface (API) for computer 
software which facilitates online services 
for social networking, building social 
networking applications and for allowing 
data retrieval, upload, download, access and 
management; software to enable uploading, 
posting, showing, displaying, tagging, 
blogging, sharing or otherwise providing 
electronic media or information over the 
Internet or other communications network; 
computer software providing databases of 
product or service information in the fields 
of computers, computing, computer 
software, electronic gaming, website design 
and hosting, software application hosting, 
electronic communications, electronic 
commerce, consumer electronics, finance or 

December 
7, 2023

3

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

303676294

Until January 31
￿2026

29

digital technologies; computer software for 
facilitating the transmission of text, images, 
computer software or multimedia data over 
electronic communications networks; all 
included in Class 9.

Television and radio broadcasting services; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-to-satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite; relaying of television programmes 
by satellite; operation of satellite-to-earth 
receiver aerials; frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
dissemination of television programmes 
relayed by satellite receiver aerials by cable 
or by microwave link to television receivers 
of users; operation of television cable 
networks; provision and operation of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communications systems; 
videotext and teletext transmission services; 
electronic and telecommunication 
transmission services;
Scientific and technological services and 
research and design relating thereto; 
industrial analysis and research services; 
design and development of computer 
hardware and software; computer services; 
computer programming; design, drawing 
and commissioned writing, all for the 
compilation of web pages on the Internet; 
on-line computer services; creating and 
maintaining web sites; hosting multimedia 

December 
7￿2023

December 
7￿2023

4

5

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

199806264

Until May26￿ 
2023

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

303676294

January 31￿2026

30

digital content for others; computer services 
for creating virtual communities for 
registered users to organize groups and 
events, participate in discussions, and 
engage in social, business and community 
networking; computer services for hosting 
electronic facilities for others for organizing 
and conducting meetings, events and 
interactive discussions via communication 
networks; application service provider 
(ASP) services; application service provider 
(ASP) services for hosting computer 
software applications of others; application 
service provider (ASP) featuring software to 
enable or facilitate the uploading, 
downloading, streaming, posting, 
displaying, blogging, linking, sharing or 
otherwise providing electronic media or 
information over communication networks; 
computer network services that enables 
users to transfer personal identity data to 
and share personal identify data with and 
among multiple websites; hosting a web site 
featuring technology that enables online 
users to create personal profiles featuring 
social networking information and to 
transfer and share such information among 
multiple websites; hosting of a website 
providing information from searchable 
indexes and databases of information, 
including text, electronic documents, 
databases, graphics and audio visual 
information, on computer and 
communication networks; providing 
temporary use of non-downloadable 
software applications for social networking, 

31

creating a virtual community, and 
transmission of audio, video, photographic 
images, text, graphics and data; computer 
services in the nature of customized web 
pages featuring user-defined or specified 
information, personal profiles, audio, video, 
photographic images, text, graphics and 
data; all included in Class 42.
Legal services; security services for the 
protection of property and individuals; 
personal and social services rendered by 
others to meet the needs of individuals; 
social introduction, networking and dating 
services; providing social services and 
information in the field of personal 
development, namely self-improvement, 
self-fulfillment, charitable, philanthropic, 
volunteer, public and community services, 
and humanitarian activities; licensing of 
data, multimedia content, video, movies, 
pictures, images, text, photos, games, user-
generated content, audio content; licensing 
of digital data, still images, moving images, 
audio and text; all included in Class 45.
Television and radio broadcasting services; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-to-satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite; relaying of television programs by 
satellite; operation of satellite-to-earth 
receiver aerials; frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
dissemination of television programs 
relayed by satellite receiver aerials by cable 
or by microwave link to television receivers 

December 
7, 2023

December 
8, 2020

6

7

45

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

303676294

Until January 31
￿2026

48

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

IDM000084617￿
388555￿

Until June 19￿ 
2026

32

of users; operation of television cable 
networks; provision and operation of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communications systems; 
videotext and teletext transmission services; 
electronic and telecommunication 
transmission services; services for the 
transmission of data and of information by 
electronic, computer, cable, radio, 
radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, telecopier, television, 
microwave, laser beam, communications 
satellite or other communications means; 
provision of communication facilities for 
the interchange of data by electronic means; 
consultancy services relating to data 
communications; services for the 
transmission, provision or display of 
information for business of domestic 
purposes from a computer-stored data bank; 
rental of communication apparatus; time 
sharing services for communications 
apparatus.

8

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

5900860

Until November 
25, 2026

Application software; electronic machines, 
apparatus and their parts.

December 
7, 2023

33

9

10

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

5900860

Until November 
25, 2026

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

5375983

Until Decembr10, 
2030

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

Online retail services featuring computer 
software; advertising; advertising by email 
delivery; advertising by using 
communication network (including the 
Internet); management of customer 
information.

Television and radio broadcasting services; 
digital television services; providing access 
to computer databases and the Internet; 
providing information relating to TV 
program listing of television programs; 
providing access to electronic 
communication network via satellite; 
television broadcasting via satellite; digital 
television broadcasting via satellite; 
providing aerials to receive signals for 
satellite television broadcasting; frequency 
conversion of microwave signals relayed by 
satellite for broadcasting; rental of business 
frequency converter for microwave signals 
from satellite, used for broadcasting; cable 
television broadcasting; provision of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communications; teletext 
transmission services; providing access to 
electronic communication network; 
transmission of data and of information by 
electronic network, computer, cable, radio, 
radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, fax machine, television, 
microwave, laser beam (optical wireless 
communication), communications satellite 
or other communications means; providing 
communication for electronical data 

34

exchange; providing access for electronic 
data exchange; consultancy services relating 
to data communications; professional 
consultancy services relating to 
telecommunications; broadcasting; rental of 
communication apparatus; rental of 
communication apparatus by time sharing; 
provision of information, consultancy 
services and advisory services relating to all 
the aforesaid services.
Electronic machines, apparatus and their 
parts, namely computer hardware and 
computer peripheral devices; printers and 
their parts; computer software computer 
software development tools; computer 
software applications, downloadable; 
computer programs (downloadable 
software); computer software providing 
electronic gaming; smart phone 
applications, software; software for smart 
TV application; downloadable computer 
software applications on electronic devices; 
computer software for use as an application 
programming interface (API); application 
programming interface (API) for computer 
software which facilitates online services 
for social networking building social 
networking, applications and for allowing 
data retrieval, upload, download, access and 
management; software to enable uploading, 
posting, showing, displaying, tagging, 
blogging, sharing or otherwise providing 
electronic media or information over the 
Internet or other communications network

December 
7, 2023

11

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45-0074883-0000

Until August 2, 
2027

35

12

13

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45-0074883-0000

Until August 2, 
2027

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45-0074883-0000

Until August 2, 
2027

36

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

Comprehensive shopping mall by internet; 
intermediary services relating to mail order 
selling by electric communication; retail 
department store services; hypermarket 
services; advertising; advertising by 
electronic mail; on-line advertising on a 
computer network ; management of 
customer information via the internet
Television and radio broadcasting services, 
Digital television broadcasting, Providing 
access to computer databases and Internet, 
Provision of telecommunications access and 
links to computer databases and Internet, 
Diffusion of television programmes, 
Operation of earth-to satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite, Operation of television cable 
networks; Provision and operation of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communications systems, 
Videotext and teletext transmission 
services, Electronic and telecommunication 
transmission services,
Transmission of data and of information by 
electronic, computer, cable, radio, 
radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, fax machine, television, 
microwave, laser beam, communications 
satellite or other communications means, 
Provision of communication facilities for 
the interchange of data by electronic means, 
Consultancy services relating to data 
communications, Professional consultancy 
services relating to telecommunications, 
Time sharing services for communications 

apparatus, Television and radio 
broadcasting provided on-line from a 
computer database or the internet; 
Electronic bulletin board services 
(telecommunications services); 
Communications by electronic mail; 
Providing information in relation to data 
communication; Provision of information 
relating to television and radio broadcasting 
services; Consultancy services relating to 
television and radio broadcasting services; 
Advisory services relating to television and 
radio broadcasting services; Frequency 
conversion of microwave signals relayed by 
satellite for the purpose of communication; 
Broadcasting of television programmes by 
satellite; Operation of receiver aerials for 
satellite broadcasting; Services for 
transmission and switching of text, sound 
and image by using telecommunication via 
the computer terminal.
Television and radio broadcasting services; 
digital television services;  provision of 
telecommunications access and links to 
computer databases and the Internet; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-to-satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite; relaying of television programmes 
by satellite; operation of satellite-to-earth 
receiver aerials; requency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
dissemination of television programmes 
relayed by satellite receiver aerials; 
frequency conversion of microwave signals 

December 
7, 2023

14

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

00007563

Until June 12, 
2030

37

relayed by satellite; dissemination of 
television programms relayed by satellite 
receiver aerials by cable or by microwave 
link to television receivers of users; 
operation of television cable networks; 
provision and operation of radio, telephone, 
telegraph, satellite and of cable network 
communications systems; videotext and 
teletext transmission services; electronic 
and telecommunication transmission 
services; transmission of data and of 
information by electronic, computer, cable, 
radio, radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, fax machine, television, 
microwave, laser beam, communications 
satellite or other communications means;
Television and radio broadcasting services; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-to-satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite; relaying of television programmes 
by satellite; operation of satellite-to-earth 
receiver aerials; frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
dissemination of television programmes 
relayed by satellite receiver aerials by cable 
or by microwave link to television receivers 
of users; operation of television cable 
networks; provision and operation of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communication systems; videotext 
and teletext transmission services; 
electronic and telecommunication 
transmission services; services for the 
transmission of data and of information by 

December 
7, 2023

15

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

600172

Until September 
30, 2026

38

electronic, computer, cable, radio, 
radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, telecopier, television, 
microwave, laser beam, communications 
satellite or other communications means; 
provision of communication facilities for 
the interchange of data by electronic means; 
consultancy services relating to data 
communications; provision or display of 
information about telecommunications from 
a computer stored data bank; rental of 
communication apparatus; time sharing 
services for communications apparatus; 
time sharing services for communications 
apparatus; telecommunication of 
information including web pages, computer 
programs and any other data; providing 
telecommunication connections to a global 
computer network; all included in this class.
Television and radio broadcasting services; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-to-satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite; relaying of television programmes 
by satellite; operation of satellite-to-earth 
receiver aerials; frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
dissemination of television programmes 
relayed by satellite receiver aerials by cable 
or by microwave link to television receivers 
of users; operation of television cable 
networks; provision and operation of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communications systems; 
videotext and teletext transmission services; 

December 
7, 2023

16

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

4-1996-109546

Until July 1, 2024

39

electronic and telecommunication 
transmission services; services for the 
transmission of data and of information by 
electronic, computer, cable, radio, 
radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, telecopier, television, 
microwave, laserbeam, communications 
satellite or other communications means; 
provision of communication facilities for 
the interchange of data by electronic means; 
consultancy services relating to data 
communications; services for the 
transmission, provision or display of 
information of business of domestic 
purposes from a computer-stored data bank; 
rental of communication apparatus; time 
sharing services for communications 
apparatus; all included in Class 38. 
Television and radio broadcasting services; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-satellite television 
transmitters for the transmission of signals 
to satellite; relaying of television 
programmes by satellite; operation of 
satellite-to-earth receiver aerials; and 
frequency conversion of microwave signals 
relayed by satellite; all being 
telecommunications services; provision of 
information and advisory services relating 
to the operation of earth-to-satellite; 
television transmitters for the transmission 
of signals to satellite; relaying of television 
programmes by satellite; operation of 
satellite-to-earth receiver aerials, and 
frequency conversion of microwave signals 

December 
7, 2023

17

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

T96/05990A

Until June 12, 
2026

40

relayed by satellite; transmission of 
television programmes relayed by satellite 
receiver aerials by cable or by microwave 
link to television receivers of users; 
operation of television cable networks; 
operation of radio; telephone, telegraph, 
satellite and of cable network 
communications systems; provision of 
information and advisory services relating 
to the operation of radio, telephone, 
telegraph, satellite and of cable network 
communications systems; videotext and 
teletext transmission services; electronic 
and telecommunications transmission 
services; transmission of data and 
information by electronic computer, cable, 
radio, radio paging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, fax machine, television, 
microwave, laserbeam or communications 
satellite digital means; advisory services 
relating to data communications; 
transmission, provision or display of 
information from a computer-stored data 
bank; rental of communications apparatus; 
time sharing services for communications 
apparatus; all included in Class 38.
Conducting and organizing of beauty 
pageants; organization and production of 
live shows; presentation of live 
performances; conducting and organizing 
entertainment competitions; education and 
entertainment services in the nature of 
planning, production and distribution of live 
or recorded audio, visual or audiovisual 
material for broadcasting by radio and 

December 
7, 2023

18

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

T06/24205A

Until November 
10, 2026

41

television or through film or videotape; 
entertainment services provided by means 
of the Internet; planning, production and 
distribution of television programs and 
films; news reporting; news reporters 
services; publication of books and printed 
matter relating to films, videotapes, radio 
and television; news publication; rental of 
sound recordings, films, film projectors, 
videotapes, video cassette recorders, radios 
and television sets and accessories therefor; 
providing cinema and theatre facilities; 
education and entertainment information 
services; entertainment including 
entertainment services provided via 
electronic and digital interactive media.
Television and radio broadcasting services; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-to-satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite; relaying of television programmes 
by satellite; operation of satellite-to-earth 
receiver aerials; frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
dissemination of television programmes 
relayed by satellite receiver aerials by cable 
or by microwave link to television receivers 
of users; operation of television cable 
networks; provision and operation of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communications systems; 
videotext and teletext transmission services; 
services for the transmission of data and of 
information by electronic, computer, cable, 
radio radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 

December 
7, 2023

19

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

BOR5608

Until July 2, 2026

42

electronic mail, telecopier, television, 
microwave, laser beam, communications 
satellite; provision of communication 
facilities for the interchange of data by 
electronic means; consultancy services 
relating to data communications; services 
for the transmission, provision or display of 
information from a computer-stored data 
bank; rental of communication apparatus; 
time sharing services for communications 
apparatus, electronic and 
telecommunication transmission services.
Television and radio broadcasting services; 
digital television transmission services; 
providing multiple user access to computer 
databases and the internet; transmission of 
television programs; operation of earth-to-
satellite television transmitters for 
transmission of signals to satellite; 
broadcasting television programs by 
satellite; satellite transmission via satellite-
to-earth receiver aerials; satellite 
transmission via frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
broadcasting of television programs relayed 
by satellite receiver aerials by cable or by 
microwave link to television receivers of 
users; cable television transmission, cable 
television broadcasting; radio, telephone, 
telegraph, satellite and of cable network 
communications; video-text and teletext 
transmission services; electronic 
transmission of data and messages and 
telecommunication transmission of 
messages and data via computer, network; 

December 
7, 2023

20

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

2850018

Until June 8, 
2024

43

electronic transmission of data and 
messages via computer, cable, radio, 
radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, fax machine, television, 
microwave, laser beam, communications 
satellite; providing on-line chat room and/or 
electronic bulletin boards for transmission 
of messages among computer users 
concerning television and radio broadcast, 
entertainment, celebrities, fashion and style, 
personal development, and all the above 
also provided on-line from a computer 
database or the internet, providing 
information regarding telecommunications; 
and consultation and advisory services 
relating thereto, in class 38.

Chronographs; electronic bulletin boards; 
video cameras; still cameras; spectacles; 
exposed motion picture film. Video discs, 
TV films, video tapes of TV programs, 
video tapes, films, video cassettes, cartoons, 
CDs, sound recording media.

Office paper; newsprint; writing paper; 
wrapping paper; stickers; paper towels; 
posters; periodicals; printed publications; 
pictures; natural science teaching aids; 
globes; model specimens for teaching; 
paper models for teaching; teaching 
manuals; materials for making models; 
rosary. Magazines, cards, envelopes, 
letterheads, calendars, calendars, paper 
bags, paper banners, paper logos, stationery 
rulers, paper billboards.

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

21

22

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061115

Until July 31, 
2032

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061115

Until July 31, 
2032

44

23

24

25

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061115

Until July 31, 
2032

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061115

Until July 31, 
2032

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061115

Until July 31, 
2032

45

Advertising agency; advertising planning; 
online advertising on the computer network; 
providing promotional activities for others; 
providing computer database retrieval for 
others; handling accounting business; 
leasing vending machines; Kanban leasing, 
exhibition preparation services for industrial 
and commercial enterprises, computer 
database management, and computer file 
data search.
Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; online information 
transmission; computer transmission of 
messages and images; electronic mail 
transmission; optical fiber network 
communication transmission; 
Communication services: providing users 
with access to global computer networks; 
news dissemination, artificial satellite 
transmission, leasing of telecommunications 
equipment, and provision of information 
services related to telecommunications.
Provide research and development; survey; 
provide meteorological information; 
packaging design; architectural design; civil 
engineering technical consultant; clothing 
design; computer hosting; convert physical 
data or documents into electronic carriers; 
provide Internet search engines; Internet 
Server rental. Computer animation design 
and production, computer graphics, 
computer programming, web page design, 
stage design, theater design, graphic art 
design, artwork appraisal.

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

26

27

28

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061115

Until July 31, 
2032

Providing camping accommodation 
equipment; providing exhibition equipment; 
venue rental; rental of meeting rooms.

December 
7, 2023

Computer hardware; computer software; 
computer firmware; computer monitors; 
interface cards for computer; chronographs; 
electronic notice boards; Internet devices; 
communication devices; cameras; 
altimeters; thermometers; compasses; 
weighing apparatus; precision measuring 
apparatus; measuring instruments, electric; 
rules (measuring instruments); eyeglasses; 
batteries; exposed cinematographic film; 
video disks; TV films; TV program tapes; 
videotapes; films; video tape boxes; 
animated cartoons; optical discs; sound 
recording carriers.
Paper for office use; newsprint; writing 
paper; packing paper; stickers; towels of 
paper; posters; periodicals; printed 
publications; pictures; plastic films for 
wrapping; punches; file folders; writing 
instruments; staplers; clips; drawing boards; 
paintbrushes; canvas for painting; palettes 
for painters; painters' easels; teaching aids 
for natural science; terrestrial globes; model 
samples for teaching; paper models for 
teaching; teaching handbooks; modelling 
materials; rosaries, chaplets; magazines; 
cards; envelopes; letter paper; calendars; 
monthly calendars; paper bags; plastic bags; 

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061100

Until April 30, 
2032

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061100

Until April 30, 
2032

46

banners of paper; trademark labels of paper; 
rulers (stationery); advertisement boards of 
paper.

Advertising agency; advertising planning; 
online advertising on a computer network; 
commercial information agency services; 
sales promotion for others; personnel 
management consultancy; evaluation of 
business location; data search in computer 
files for others; accounting; rental of 
vending machines; providing advertising 
time on communication media; business 
management of performing artists; news 
clipping services; auctioneering; public 
relations; digital billboard rental; online 
advertising banner services; organization of 
business fair services for business; TV 
shopping; online shopping; retailing and 
wholesaling of photographic equipment; 
computer database management; data 
search of computerized files.
Wireless broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; online information 
transmission; computer-aided transmission 
of messages and images; transmission of 
electronic mail; transmission by fiber-optic 
network communication; electronic bulletin 
board services [telecommunications 
services]; providing telecommunications 
connections to a global computer network; 
video conference services; providing user 

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

29

30

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061100

Until April 30, 
2032

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061100

Until April 30, 
2032

47

access to global computer networks; news 
broadcasting; satellite transmission; rental 
of telecommunication equipment; providing 
telecommunication information.

Education; arranging and conducting of 
conferences; organization of competitions 
(education or entertainment); fee-based 
library; online publication of electronic 
books and journals; production of television 
programs; production of radio programs; 
production of shows; news reporters 
services; entertainment; animal training; 
operating lotteries; publication and 
distribution of books and journals; 
conducting lectures; leisure and 
entertainment information; providing online 
video and music via the Internet for 
appreciation purposes; online browsing 
services for electronic publication; 
providing online viewing of images via the 
Internet; organization of various meetup 
events; information on recreational 
activities; organization of recreational 
sports and cultural activities; film festivals; 
providing cinema and theater equipment; 
production and distribution of films and 
phonograph records; entertainer services; 
presentation of live performances; rental of 
performance venues; rental of audio-visual 
equipment; rental of audio-visual media; 
editing of various books and publications.

December 
7, 2023

31

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061100

Until April 30, 
2032

48

32

33

34

35

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061100

Until April 30, 
2032

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061100

Until April 30, 
2032

Providing research and development; 
surveying; providing meteorological 
information; packaging design; architecture 
design; consultancy on civil construction 
engineering; dress designing; hosting 
computer sites [web sites]; conversion of 
data or documents from physical to 
electronic media; providing Internet search 
engines; rental of web servers; computer 
animation design and production; computer 
drawing; computer programming; web page 
design; stage design; theater design; graphic 
arts design; authenticating works of art.
Coffee shops; restaurants; cocktail catering 
services; food and drink catering; restaurant 
reservation services; hotel reservation 
services; rental of temporary 
accommodation; providing camping 
accommodation equipment; providing 
exhibition equipment; venue rental; rental 
of meeting rooms.

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880214

Until November 
30, 2032

Office paper; newsprint; writing paper; 
wrapping paper; posters; periodicals; 
printed publications; pictures; instructional 
manuals.

December 
7, 2023

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880213

Until December 
15, 2032

Computer hardware; computer software; 
computer firmware; computer monitors; 
computer interface cards; timers; electronic 
bulletin boards; Internet equipment; 
communication equipment; video cameras; 
cameras; altimeters; thermometers; 
compasses; weighing scales ; precision 

December 
7, 2023

49

43

16

9

measuring instruments; electrical measuring 
instruments; rulers (measuring instruments); 
spectacles; batteries; exposed motion 
picture film.

Stickers; paper towels; plastic film for 
packaging; hole punches; file holders; 
writing utensils; staplers; paper clips; 
drawing boards; paintbrushes; canvases; 
palettes for painting; easels; natural science 
teaching aids; globes; teaching models 
Specimens; paper models for teaching; 
materials for making models; rosary beads.
Advertising agency; advertising planning; 
online advertising on the computer network; 
providing business information; providing 
promotional activities for others; consulting 
on personnel management; evaluating 
business sites of enterprises; providing 
computer database retrieval for others; 
handling accounting services; leasing 
vending machines.
Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; online information 
transmission; computer transmission of 
messages and images; electronic mail 
transmission; optical fiber network 
communication transmission; 
Communication services; providing users 
with access to global computer networks.

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

36

37

38

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880213

Until December 
15, 2032

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880213

Until December 
15, 2032

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880213

Until December 
15, 2032

50

39

40

41

42

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880213

Until December 
15, 2032

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880213

Until December 
15, 2032

Education; arranging and holding meetings; 
organizing educational or entertainment 
competitions; charging libraries; publishing 
online e-books and periodicals; television 
program production; radio program 
production; performance program 
production; news interview services; 
entertainment; animal training; lottery 
operations.
Provide research and development; survey; 
provide meteorological information; 
packaging design; architectural design; civil 
engineering technical consultant; clothing 
design; computer hosting; convert physical 
data or documents into electronic carriers; 
provide Internet search engines; Internet 
Server rental.

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880212

Until November 
30, 2032

Periodicals; printed publications; 
instructional manuals.

December 
7, 2023

101880212

Until November 
30, 2032

Publishing of online e-books and 
periodicals.

December 
7, 2023

51

42

16

41

43

44

45

46

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880211

Until April 30, 
2033

16

35

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880211

Until April 30, 
2033

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880211

Until April 30, 
2033

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880211

Until April 30, 
2033

Computer hardware; computer software; 
computer firmware; computer monitors; 
computer interface cards; timers; electronic 
bulletin boards; Internet equipment; 
communication equipment; video cameras; 
cameras; altimeters; thermometers; 
compasses; weighing scales ; precision 
measuring instruments; electrical measuring 
instruments; rulers (measuring instruments); 
spectacles; exposed motion picture film.

Office paper; newsprint; writing paper; 
wrapping paper; stickers; paper towels; 
posters; pictures; natural science teaching 
aids; globes; teaching model specimens; 
teaching paper models; materials for 
making models

Advertising agency; advertising planning; 
online advertising on the computer network; 
providing promotional activities for others; 
providing computer database retrieval for 
others; handling accounting business; 
leasing vending machines.

Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; online information 
transmission; computer transmission of 
messages and images; electronic mail 
transmission; optical fiber network 
communication transmission; 
Communication services; providing users 
with access to global computer networks

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

52

47

48

49

50

41

42

16

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880211

Until April 30, 
2033

Education; TV program production; radio 
program production; performance program 
production; news interview service; animal 
training; lottery operation.

December 
7, 2023

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880211

Until April 30, 
2033

Provide research and development; survey; 
provide meteorological information; 
packaging design; architectural design; civil 
engineering technical consultant; clothing 
design; computer hosting; convert physical 
data or documents into electronic carriers; 
provide Internet search engines; Internet 
Server rental.

December 
7, 2023

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880210

Until December 
15, 2032

Periodicals; printed publications; 
instructional manuals.

December 
7, 2023

101880210

Until December 
15, 2032

Publishing of online e-books and 
periodicals.

December 
7, 2023

53

51

52

53

54

9

16

35

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880209

Until June 15, 
2033

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880209

Until June 15, 
2033

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880209

Until June 15, 
2033

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880209

Until June 15, 
2033

Timers; electronic notice boards; video 
cameras; cameras; altimeters; 
thermometers; compasses; weighing scales; 
precision measuring instruments; electrical 
measuring instruments; rulers (measuring 
instruments); spectacles; exposed motion 
picture films

Office paper; newsprint; writing paper; 
wrapping paper; stickers; paper towels; 
posters; pictures; natural science teaching 
aids; globes; teaching model specimens; 
teaching paper models; materials for 
making models

Advertising agency; advertising planning; 
online advertising on the computer network; 
providing promotional activities for others; 
providing computer database retrieval for 
others; handling accounting business; 
leasing vending machines.

Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; online information 
transmission; computer transmission of 
messages and images; electronic mail 
transmission; optical fiber network 
communication transmission; 
Communication services; providing users 
with access to global computer networks

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

54

55

56

57

58

41

42

16

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880209

Until June 15, 
2033

Education; TV program production; radio 
program production; performance program 
production; news interview service; animal 
training; lottery operation.

December 
7, 2023

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880209

Until June 15, 
2033

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430881

Until August 27, 
2027

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430880

Until December 
20, 2026

Provide research and development; survey; 
provide meteorological information; 
packaging design; architectural design; civil 
engineering technical consultant; clothing 
design; computer hosting; convert physical 
data or documents into electronic carriers; 
provide Internet search engines; Internet 
Server rental.

December 
7, 2023

Journal; Plastic film for packaging; 
Furniture excluding office essentials; 
Painting materials; Teaching materials 
(excluding instruments); Model materials; 
Rosary beads.

December 
7, 2023

Advertising agency; Advertising planning; 
Online advertising on data communication 
networks; Business information; Selling 
(for others); Personnel management 
consulting; Business enterprise migration; 
Retrieve data from computer archives (on 
behalf of others); Accounting; Rental of 
vending machines

December 
7, 2023

55

59

60

61

62

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430879

Until September  
6, 2026

41

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430878

Until September 
6, 2027

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430877

Until December 
13, 2026

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430882

Until August 27, 
2027

Radio broadcasting; Television 
broadcasting; Information transmission; 
Computer assisted information and image 
transmission; Email; Fiber optic 
communication; Electronic bulletin board 
service (communication service); Provide 
telecommunications connectivity services 
with global computer networks; Video 
conferencing services; Provide global 
computer network user access services.
Education Arrange and organize meetings; 
Organize educational or entertainment 
competitions; Paid library; The publication 
of online e-books and magazines; 
Production of radio and television 
programs; News journalist services; Animal 
training; Running Lottery.
Research and develop new products for 
others; Measurement; Meteorological 
information; Packaging design; 
Development of construction projects; 
Clothing design; Hosted computer station 
(website); Convert tangible data and files 
into electronic media; Provide Internet 
search engine; Rental of network servers.

Computer peripheral equipment; Timer 
(time recording device); Electronic bulletin 
boards; Network communication 
equipment; Camera; Camera (photography); 
Measuring instruments and devices; 
Glasses; Battery; Exposed movie film

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

2.2 Notice of Acceptance of Registration of Newly Added Trademarks

56

S/N

1

Reproduction of 
Trademark

Class

Owner/Applicant

Application 
Number

Application 
Date

Effective Date of License

41

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

49389938

September1, 
2020

Date of registration approved by 
the Trademark Office

57

 
3. Other Licensed Logos under the Trademark Licensing Agreement

S/N

Reproduction of Logo

Owner

Authorization Document and Its 
Signing Date

Effective Date of License

1

2

3

4

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

License under the 
Trademark Licensing Agreement
(December 8, 2017)

December 8, 2017

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

License under the 
Trademark Licensing Agreement
(December 8, 2017)

December 8, 2017

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

License under the 
Trademark Licensing Agreement
(December 8, 2017)

December 8, 2017

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

License under the 
Trademark Licensing Agreement
(December 8, 2017)

December 8, 2017

58

Trademark Licensing Agreement

Supplementary Agreement No.7

Exhibit 4.69

This Supplementary Agreement No.7 is made on  December 7  , 2023 by and between:  

(1)

(2)

Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited, with its registered address at Vistra 
Corporate Services Centre, Wickhams Cay II, Road Town, Tortola VG 1110, British 
Virgin Islands and authorized representative being Yang Jiaqiang (the “Licensor”); and 

Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd., with its registered address 
at No. 201, Floor 2, Building 2, Yard 4, Qiyang Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China 
and legal representative being Qiao Haiyan (the “Licensee”). 

(For the purpose of this Supplementary Agreement No.7, the Licensor and the Licensee may 
hereinafter be referred to collectively as the “Parties” and individually as a “Party”. )

WHEREAS:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The  Licensor  and  the  Licensee  signed  a  Trademark  Licensing  Agreement  (the 
“Trademark  Licensing  Agreement”)  on  December  8,  2017.  Thereafter,  the  Parties 
signed a Supplementary Agreement No.1 to the Trademark Licensing Agreement (the 
“Supplementary  Agreement  No.1”),  a  Supplementary  Agreement  No.2  to  the 
Trademark  Licensing  Agreement  (the  “Supplementary  Agreement  No.2”),  a 
Supplementary  Agreement  No.3  to  the  Trademark  Licensing  Agreement  (the 
“Supplementary  Agreement  No.3”),  a  Supplementary  Agreement  No.4  to  the 
Trademark  Licensing  Agreement  (the  “Supplementary  Agreement  No.4”),  a 
Supplementary  Agreement  No.5  to  the  Trademark  Licensing  Agreement  (the 
“Supplementary  Agreement  No.5”)  ,  and  a  Supplementary  Agreement  No.6  to  the 
Trademark  Licensing  Agreement  (the  “Supplementary  Agreement  No.6”,  and 
collectively with the Trademark Licensing Agreement, the Supplementary Agreement 
No.1,  the  Supplementary  Agreement  No.2,  the  Supplementary  Agreement  No.3,  the 
Supplementary  Agreement  No.4,  the  Supplementary  Agreement  No.5,  the  “Original 
Agreements”) on April 27, 2018, August 15, 2018, October 18, 2018, August 5, 2019, 
and November 26, 2020 respectively. The Licensor agrees to grant to the Licensee the 
license to use related trademarks and logos according to the provisions of the Original 
Agreements.

The  Original  Agreements  shall  be  valid  until  December  7,  2023  according  to  the 
provisions  of  the  Original  Agreements.  Before  the  expiration  of  the  Original 
Agreements, the Original Agreements can, upon written confirmation by the Licensor, 
be extended for a period which shall be separately confirmed by the Licensor and the 
Licensee through negotiation.

The Licensor agrees to newly grant to the Licensee the license to use the trademarks 
listed in Article 2 of Annex I to this Supplementary Agreement No.7. 

The Trademark License Rights granted under this Supplementary Agreement No.7 shall 
be  valid  within  the  territory  of  the  countries  and  regions  where  the  trademarks  are 
registered.

The Licensor further agrees that the Licensee may reauthorize the Licensed Trademarks 
to  its  affiliated  companies  (the  term“affiliated  companies”,  as  referred  to  in  this 

1

Supplementary Agreement No.7 means a company directly or indirectly controlling, or 
directly  or  indirectly  controlled  by,  or  directly  or  indirectly  controlled  by  one  same 
company with, the Licensee. “Control” refers to the power to influence the management 
of the company mentioned, whether through ownership, voting shares, agreements, or 
other means) for the purpose of establishing content operation accounts on third-party 
platforms.  However,  the  affiliated  companies  of  the  Licensee  are  prohibited  from 
sublicensing the Licensed Trademarks further.

NOW, THEREFORE, through friendly negotiation, the Parties hereby agree as follows: 

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

The  Parties  confirm  that  the  term  of  the  Original  Agreements  will  be  extended  to 
December  7,  2026  (  the  “New  Term”).  Before  the  expiration  of  the  New  Term,  the 
Original Agreements can, upon written confirmation by the Licensor, be extended for a 
period which shall be separately confirmed by the Licensor and the Licensee through 
negotiation.

The  licensed  trademarks,  licensed  logos  and  the  effective  dates  of  their  respective 
licenses listed in the Original Agreements shall be subject to the trademarks, logos and 
the effective dates of their respective licenses listed in Articles 1 and 3 of Annex I to 
this  Supplementary  Agreement  No.7.  The  valid  period  of  the  license  to  the  licensed 
trademarks and the licensed logos listed in Article 1 of Annex I to this Supplementary 
Agreement No.7 will be extended to December 7, 2026 or until the Licensor terminates 
the licenses according to the provisions of the Original Agreements, whichever is the 
earlier. The valid period of the license to the licensed logos listed in Article 3 of Annex 
I of this Supplementary Agreement No.7 or the newly added logos “Phoenix+(characters 
or  graphics)”  shall  be  subject  to  the  provisions  of  Article  10.1  of  the  Trademark 
Licensing Agreement on the logos listed in Article 3 of Annex I thereto or the newly 
added logos “Phoenix+(characters or graphics)” in the future.

The  Licensor  agrees  to  grant  to  the  Licensee  a  new  non-exclusive  license  to  use  the 
trademarks  listed  in  Article  2  of  Annex  I  to  this  Supplementary  Agreement  No.7 
according  to  the  provisions  of  the  Original  Agreements  and  this  Supplementary 
Agreement No.7. The valid period of the aforesaid license shall commence on December 
8,  2023  and  end  on  December  7,  2026  or  until  the  Licensor  terminates  the  license 
according to provisions of the Original Agreements, whichever is the earlier.

The Trademark License Rights granted under this Supplementary Agreement No.7 shall 
be valid in the territory of the countries and regions where the trademarks are registered. 
The Licensee agrees that it will not directly or indirectly use or authorize other persons 
to use the Licensed Trademarks in other territories. However, the display of the Licensed 
Trademarks outside the territories permitted due to the cross-border dissemination of the 
internet, does not constitute the use or indirect use agreed under this Article.

The  Licensee  may  reauthorize  the  “ifeng+  (channels,  businesses  or  columns)” 
trademarks to its affiliated companies for the purpose of establishing content operation 
accounts  of  the  same  names  on  third-party  platforms,  with  reauthorized  periods  not 
exceeding  the  New  Term.  However,  the  affiliated  companies  of  the  Licensee  are 
prohibited from sublicensing the Licensed Trademarks further.

6.

Miscellaneous

(1)

After this Supplementary Agreement No.7 comes into force, it will become an 
integral part of and have the same legal effect as the Original Agreements. Except 
for the clauses explicitly modified in this Supplementary Agreement No.7, the 
remaining provisions of the Original Agreements shall remain valid. In case of 
any  conflict  between  this  Supplementary  Agreement  No.7  and  the  Original 
Agreements, this Supplementary Agreement No.7 shall prevail.

2

(2)

(3)

(4)

Unless otherwise agreed in this Supplementary Agreement No.7, all terms used 
in this Supplementary Agreement No.7 shall have the same meanings given to 
them in the Original Agreements.

This Supplementary Agreement No.7 is executed in two counterparts, with each 
of the Licensor and the Licensee holding one, and such two counterparts shall 
have the equal legal force.

This Supplementary Agreement No.7 shall be valid from December 8, 2023 to 
December 7, 2026. 

Annex I

1. Licensed Trademarks and Licensed Logos under the Original Agreements

1.1 Trademarks Registered in China

1.2 Other Licensed Logos

2. Licensed Trademarks Newly Added under this Supplementary Agreement No. 7

2.1 Newly-added Trademarks Registered in China 

2.2 Notice of Acceptance of Registration of Newly Added Trademarks 

3. Other Licensed Logos under the Trademark Licensing Agreement

(The remainder of this page is intentionally left blank)

3

 
Signature Page 

Licensor:

Phoenix Satellite Television Trademark Limited

(Seal)

By:               

Name: 

Title: 

Licensee:

Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd.

(Seal)

By:                 

Name:

Title: 

4

 
Annex I

1. Licensed Trademarks and Logos under the Original Agreements

1.1

Trademarks Registered in China

S/N

Reproduction of 
Trademark

Class Owner/Registrant 

Registration 
Number

Valid Period 
of 
Registration

1

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45256954

Until January 
6￿2031

5

Authorization 
Document and 
Its Signing Date

Effective Date 
of License

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

Goods/Services

Internet broadcasting service; 
Fiber optic communication; 
Synchronously broadcast TV on 
global communication network, 
Internet and wireless network; 
Network transmission of sound, 
images, signals, and data; Sound, 
video, and information 
transmission; Provide 
telecommunications connectivity 
services with global computer 
networks; Provide Internet chat 
rooms; Provide global computer 
network user access services; 
Provide online forums; News 
agency services; Radio 
broadcasting; Electronic bulletin 
board service (communication 
service); Email transmission; 
Television broadcasting; 
Network broadcasting services; 
Video on demand transmission; 
Computer assisted information 
and image transmission; Audio 
remote conference service

2

3

4

5

6

9

41

16

41

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45242409

Until 
December 
20, 2031

Refrigerator magnetic sticker

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45256966

Until 
October 27, 
2032

Tour guide services

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

6882737

Until April 
13, 2032

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

6882754

Until April 
13, 2032

Printing publications; Teaching 
materials (excluding 
instruments); Journal; Plastic 
film for packaging; Picture; 
Office essentials excluding 
furniture; Rosary beads; Model 
materials; Paper; painting 
materials
Arrangement and organization of 
meetings; animal training; 
education; program production; 
operation of lottery tickets; fee-
paying libraries; journalist 
services; entertainment; 
publishing of online electronic 
books and magazines; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions.

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45239930

Until 
December 
20, 2031

Measurement

6

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)
License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6

December 8, 
2020

December 8, 
2020

December 8, 
2017

December 8, 
2017

December 8, 
2020

7

8

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

6882736

Until 
October 13, 
2032

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

6882755

Until August 
13, 2030

(December 8, 
2020)

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

Advertising planning; advertising 
agency; accounting; personnel 
management consulting; business 
district migration (providing 
information); business 
information; online 
advertisements on data 
communication networks; 
marketing (for others); data 
retrieval in computer files (for 
others); rental of vending 
machines.
Information transmission; Fiber 
optic communication; Provide 
telecommunications connectivity 
services with global computer 
networks; Provide global 
computer network user access 
services (service providers); 
Radio broadcasting; Electronic 
bulletin board service 
(communication service); Email; 
Television broadcasting; 
Computer assisted information 
and image transmission; Remote 
Meeting Services

7

9

10

11

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45235305

Until 
December 
20, 2031

Journal; Magazine (Journal)

License 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

36

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

14911035

Until 
November 
13, 2025

Real estate agency; Insurance; 
insurance consulting; insurance 
information; coin valuation; 
brokerage; guarantee; raising of 
charitable funds; trust; pawn.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(Dcember 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31849352

Until April 
27, 2029

Personnel management 
consulting; migration of 
commercial enterprises; business 
information; online 
advertisements on computer 
networks; marketing for others; 
data retrieval in computer files 
(for others); rental of vending 
machines; advertising planning; 
advertising agency; accounting.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5 
(August 5, 2019)

October 21, 
2020

8

12

13

14

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31851131

Until August 
20, 2029

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884528

Until 
February 20, 
2024

Broadcasting and program 
production; journalist services; 
Entertainment services; operation 
of lottery tickets; animal training; 
Arrangement and organization of 
meetings; education; Lending 
services from library; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6 
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

Computer peripheral equipment; 
timers; electronic bulletin boards; 
network communication 
equipment; video cameras; 
camera (photography); measuring 
apparatus and instruments; 
glasses; batteries; movie films 
(Exposed).

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31848099

Until August 
27, 2029

Paper; periodicals; plastic films 
for packaging; office necessities 
other than furniture; painting 
materials; teaching materials 
(except instruments); powder 
blocks for tailors; model 
materials.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6 
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

9

15

16

17

36

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31836665

Until August 
20, 2029

Real estate agency; Insurance 
information; Insurance 
consultation; Insurance brokers; 
Trust; Pawn; Raising charitable 
funds; Guarantee; Brokerage; 
Valuation of Coins

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

January 6, 2021

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884524

Until January 
6, 2024

Arrangement and organization of 
meetings; education; program 
production; journalist services; 
entertainment; organization of 
educational or entertainment 
competitions.  

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

Information transmission; Fiber 
optic communication; Provide 
telecommunications connectivity 
services with global computer 
networks; Provide global 
computer network user access 
services (service providers); 
Radio broadcasting; Electronic 
bulletin board service 
(communication service); Email; 
Television broadcasting; 
Computer assisted information 

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884525

Until 
October 27, 
2032

10

and image transmission; Remote 
Meeting Services.

18

19

36

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

19867579

Until 
September 6, 
2027

Insurance information; insurance 
consulting; insurance; coin 
valuation; real estate agency; 
brokerage; guarantee; raising of 
charitable funds; trust; pawn.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884527

Until August 
13, 2024

Plastic films for packaging; 
painting materials; office 
necessities other than furniture; 
teaching materials (except 
instruments); model materials; 
rosary beads; paper.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

11

20

21

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31829498

Until April 
20, 2029

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31847229

Until April 
27, 2029

Research and development of 
new products for others; 
measurement; meteorological 
information; packaging design; 
development of construction 
projects; fashion design; 
managed computer stations 
(websites); transformation of 
tangible data or documents into 
electronic media; rental of 
network servers; provision of 
internet search engines.
Television broadcasting; radio 
broadcasting; electronic bulletin 
board services (communication 
services); email transmission; 
optical fiber communication; 
computer aided information and 
image transmission; provision of 
global computer network user 
access services; provision of 
telecommunications connection 
services of global computer 
networks; transmission of 
information; video conference 
services.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

12

22

23

24

Research and development (for 
others); measurement; 
meteorological information; 
packaging design; development 
of construction projects; fashion 
design; rental of network servers; 
managed computer stations 
(websites); provision of internet 
search engines; transformation of 
tangible data and documents into 
electronic media.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

Paper; periodicals; plastic films 
for packaging; office necessities 
other than furniture; painting 
materials; teaching materials 
(except instruments); powder 
blocks for tailors; model 
materials.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 28, 2019

Online advertisements on data 
communication networks; 
advertising agency; advertising 
planning; business information; 
marketing (for others); personnel 
management consulting; business 
district migration (providing 
information); data retrieval in 
computer files (for others); 
accounting; rental of vending 
machines.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884523

Until August 
20, 2025

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31851271A

Until July 
27, 2029

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884526

Until 
February 13, 
2024

13

25

26

27

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31838160

Until April 
20, 2029

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31830927A

Until June 
20, 2029

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31830848

Until April 
27, 2029

14

Exposed movie film; Camera; 
Measuring instruments and 
devices; Camera (photography); 
Electronic bulletin boards; 
Battery; Glasses; Network 
communication equipment; 
Timer (time recording device); 
Computer peripherals

Education; arrangement and 
organization of meetings; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions; 
libraries that lend books; 
production of radio and television 
programs; journalist services; 
entertainment services; animal 
training; organization of lottery 
issuance.

Personnel management 
consulting; migration of 
commercial enterprises; business 
information; online 
advertisements on computer 
networks; marketing for others; 
data retrieval in computer files 
(for others); rental of vending 
machines; advertising planning; 
advertising agency; accounting.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

October 21, 
2020

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

October 21, 
2020

28

29

30

45

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31843482

Until May 6, 
2029

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31838248

Until May 6, 
2029

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884520

Until March 
13, 2024

15

Physical security consulting; 
social companionship; rental of 
clothing; marriage introduction; 
online social networking 
services; dating services; 
intellectual property consulting; 
intellectual property license; 
legal research; mediation. 

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

Paper; printed publications; 
periodicals; pictures; plastic films 
for packaging; office necessities 
other than furniture; painting 
materials; teaching materials 
(except instruments); powder 
blocks for tailors; model 
materials.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

Online advertisements on data 
communication networks; 
advertising agency; advertising 
planning; business information; 
marketing (for others); personnel 
management consulting; business 
district migration (providing 
information); data retrieval in 
computer files (for others); 
accounting; rental of vending 
machines.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

31

32

33

Research and development of 
new products for others; 
measurement; meteorological 
information; packaging design; 
development of construction 
projects; fashion design; rental of 
network servers; provision of 
internet search engines; 
transformation of tangible data 
and documents into electronic 
media; managed computer 
stations (websites).

Education; arrangement and 
organization of meetings; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions; 
libraries that lend books; online 
publishing of electronic books 
and magazines; production of 
radio and television programs; 
journalist services; entertainment 
services; animal training; 
organization of lottery issuance.

Insurance information; insurance 
consulting; insurance brokerage; 
provision of financial 
information through websites; 
online banking; banks; financial 
loans; financial information; 
financial management; coin 
valuation; real estate agency; 
brokerage; guarantee; raising of 
charitable funds; trust; pawn.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31839380

Until April 
20, 2029

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31829984

Until 
September 6, 
2029

36

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31836669

Until May 6, 
2029

16

34

35

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884517

Until August 
20, 2024

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31838555

Until April 
27, 2029

Research and development (for 
others); measurement; 
meteorological information; 
packaging design; development 
of construction projects; fashion 
design; rental of network servers; 
provision of internet search 
engines; transformation of 
tangible data and documents into 
electronic media; managed 
computer stations (websites).

Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; video conference 
services; electronic bulletin board 
services (communication 
services); email transmission; 
optical fiber communication; 
computer aided information and 
image transmission; provision of 
global computer network user 
access services; provision of 
telecommunications connection 
services of global computer 
networks; information transfer. 

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

17

36

37

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31847249

Until May 
13, 2029

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884519

Until 
October 27, 
2032

Education; arrangement and 
organization of meetings; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions;  
libraries that lend books; online 
publishing of electronic books 
and magazines; production of 
radio and television programs; 
journalist services; entertainment 
services; animal training; 
organization of lottery issuance. 

Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; teleconference 
services; transmission of 
information; provision of 
telecommunications connection 
services of global computer 
networks; provision of global 
computer network user access 
services (service providers); 
computer aided information and 
image transmission; optical fiber 
communication; emails; 
electronic bulletin board services 
(communication services).

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

July 24, 2019

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

18

38

39

40

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31850942

Until May 
13, 2029

Paper; printed publications; 
periodicals; pictures; plastic films 
for packaging; office necessities 
other than furniture; painting 
materials; teaching materials 
(except instruments); powder 
blocks for tailors.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884518

Until 
February 13, 
2024

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31839412

Until April 
27, 2029

19

Education; arrangement and 
organization of meetings; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions; 
program production; journalist 
services; entertainment 
organization education or 
entertainment competitions.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

Electronic bulletin boards; timers 
(time recording devices); 
computer peripheral equipment; 
video cameras; network 
communication equipment; 
glasses; cameras (photography); 
measuring apparatus and 
instruments; batteries; Exposed 
movie films.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

October 21, 
2020

41

42

43

Computer peripheral equipment; 
timers; electronic bulletin boards; 
network communication 
equipment; video cameras; 
cameras (photography); 
measuring apparatus and 
instruments; glasses; batteries; 
movie film (exposed).

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

Research and development (for 
others); measurement; 
meteorological information; 
packaging design; development 
of construction projects; fashion 
design; transformation of 
tangible data and documents into 
electronic media; rental of 
network servers; managed 
computer stations (websites); 
provision of internet search 
engines.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

Computer peripheral equipment; 
timers; electronic bulletin boards; 
network communication 
equipment; video cameras; 
camera (photography); measuring 
apparatus and instruments; 
glasses; batteries; movie films 
(Exposed).

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

9884522

Until 
February 20, 
2024

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

8985921

Until March 
6, 2024

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

8985926

Until March 
6, 2024

20

44

45

46

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

8985924

Until 
February 20, 
2024

Online advertisements on data 
communication networks; 
advertising agency; advertising 
planning; business information; 
marketing (for others); personnel 
management consulting; business 
district migration (providing 
information); data retrieval in 
computer files (for others); 
accounting; rental of vending 
machine.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

8985922

Until March 
6, 2024

Education; arrangement and 
organization of meetings; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions; 
program production; journalist 
services; entertainment.

License under 
the Trademark 
Licensing 
Agreement
(December 8, 
2017)

December 8, 
2017

Advertising agency; advertising 
planning; online advertisements 
on data communication 
networks; business information; 
marketing (for others); personnel 
management consulting; 
migration of commercial 
enterprises; data retrieval in 
computer files (for others); 
accounting; rental of vending 
machines.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430886

Until 
December 
13, 2026

21

47

48

45

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33084144

Until 
September 
27, 2029

Rental of clothing; marriage 
introduction; online social 
networking services; Dating 
services

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430885

Until April 
20, 2026

Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; transmission of 
information; computer aided 
information and image 
transmission; emails; optical 
fiber communication; electronic 
bulletin board services 
(communication services); 
provision of telecommunications 
connection services of global 
computer networks; video 
conference services; provision of 
global computer network user 
access services.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

22

49

50

51

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430887

Until August 
27, 2027

Periodicals; plastic films for 
packaging; office necessities 
other than furniture; painting 
materials; teaching materials 
(except instruments); model 
materials; rosary beads.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

Education; arrangement and 
organization of meetings; 
organization of educational or 
entertainment competitions;  fee-
paying libraries; publishing of 
online electronic books and 
magazines; production of radio 
and television programs; 
journalist services; animal 
training; operation of lottery 
tickets.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

Computer peripheral equipment; 
timers (time recording devices); 
electronic bulletin boards; 
network communication 
equipment; video camera; 
glasses; batteries; exposed movie 
films.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430884

Until August 
20, 2027

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430888

Until 
September 6, 
2027

23

52

53

54

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430883

Until 
December 
13, 2026

Research and development of 
new products for others; 
measurement of meteorological 
information; packaging design; 
development of construction 
projects; fashion design; 
managed computer stations 
(websites); transformation of 
tangible data and documents into 
electronic media; provision of 
internet search engines; rental of 
network servers.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.6
(December 8, 
2020)

December 8, 
2020

45

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33080907

Until 
November 
27, 2029

Rental of clothing; marriage 
introduction; online social 
networking services; dating 
services.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

November 28, 
2019

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33066319

Until 
December 
13, 2029

Periodicals; powder blocks for 
tailors

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

December 14, 
2019

24

55

56

57

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33071876

Until 
October 6, 
2030

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33069673

Until 
October 13, 
2031

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33074189

Until January 
27, 2030

25

Personnel consultation; migration 
of commercial enterprises; 
business information; online 
advertisements on computer 
network; marketing for others; 
data retrieval in computer files 
(for others); rental of vending 
machines; advertising planning; 
advertising agency; accounting.

Production of radio and 
television programs; News 
journalist services; Organize 
lottery issuance; A library that 
lends books; Animal training; 
Arrange and organize meetings; 
education Organize educational 
or entertainment competitions

Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; video conference 
services; transmission of 
information; provision of 
telecommunications connection 
services of global computer 
networks; provision of global 
computer network user access 
services; computer aided 
information and image 
transmission; optical fiber 
communication; email 

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

October 7, 2020

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

October 14, 
2021

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

January 8, 2020

transmission; electronic bulletin 
board services (communication 
services).

58

59

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33076273

Until 
October 13, 
2030

Research and development of 
new products for others; 
measurement; meteorological 
information; packaging design; 
development of construction 
projects; fashion design; 
managed computer stations 
(websites); transformation of 
tangible data or documents into 
electronic media; provision of 
internet search engines; rental of 
network servers.

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

October 14, 
2020

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

33079433

Until 
February 13, 
2031

Exposed movie film; Electronic 
bulletin boards; Battery; Network 
communication equipment; 
Timer (time recording device); 
Computer peripherals

License under 
the 
Supplementary 
Agreement No.5
(August 5, 2019)

Febuary14, 
2021

26

1.2Other Licensed Logos

S/N

Reproduction of Logo

Owner

Authorization Document and Its 
Signing Date

Effective Date of License

1

2

3

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

License under the Supplementary 
Agreement No.1
(April 27, 2018)

April 1, 2018

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

License under the Supplementary 
Agreement No.2
(August 15, 2018)

April 1, 2018

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

License under the Supplementary 
Agreement No.4
(October 18, 2018)

October 18, 2018

2. Licensed Trademarks Newly Added under this Supplementary Agreement No. 7

2.1 Newly-added Trademarks Registered in China

S/N

Reproduction of 
Trademark

Class Owner/Registrant 

Registration 
Number

Valid Period of 
Registration

Goods/Services 

Effective 
Date of 
License

27

1

2

45

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

31850160

Until November 
27, 2032

Matchmaking services; Online social 
network services; Marriage introduction; 
Clothing rental

December 
7, 2023

Television and radio broadcasting services; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-to-satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite; relaying of television programmes 
by satellite; operation of satellite-to-earth 
receiver aerials; frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
dissemination of television programmes 
relayed by satellite receiver aerials by cable 
or by microwave link to television receivers 
of users; operation of television cable 
networks; provision and operation of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communications systems; 
videotext and teletext transmission services; 
electronic and telecommunication 
transmission services; transmission of data 
and of information by electronic, computer, 
cable, radio, radiopaging, teleprinter, 
teleletter, electronic mail, fax machine, 
television, microwave, laser beam, 
communications satellite or other 
communications means; provision of 
communication facilities for the interchange 
of data by electronic means; consultancy 
services relating to data communications; 
rental of communication apparatus.

December 
7, 2023

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

802346

Until August 2, 
2029

28

Scientific, nautical, surveying, 
photographic, cinematographic, optical, 
weighing, measuring, signalling, checking 
(supervision), life-saving and teaching 
apparatus and instruments; apparatus and 
instruments for conducting, switching, 
transforming, accumulating, regulating or 
controlling electricity; apparatus for 
recording, transmission or reproduction of 
sound or images; magnetic data carriers, 
recording discs; compact discs, DVDs and 
other digital recording media; mechanisms 
for coin-operated apparatus; cash registers, 
calculating machines, data processing 
equipment, computers; computer software; 
fire-extinguishing apparatus; computer 
software development tools; computer 
software for use as an application 
programming interface (API); application 
programming interface (API) for computer 
software which facilitates online services 
for social networking, building social 
networking applications and for allowing 
data retrieval, upload, download, access and 
management; software to enable uploading, 
posting, showing, displaying, tagging, 
blogging, sharing or otherwise providing 
electronic media or information over the 
Internet or other communications network; 
computer software providing databases of 
product or service information in the fields 
of computers, computing, computer 
software, electronic gaming, website design 
and hosting, software application hosting, 
electronic communications, electronic 
commerce, consumer electronics, finance or 

December 
7, 2023

3

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

303676294

Until January 31
￿2026

29

digital technologies; computer software for 
facilitating the transmission of text, images, 
computer software or multimedia data over 
electronic communications networks; all 
included in Class 9.

Television and radio broadcasting services; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-to-satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite; relaying of television programmes 
by satellite; operation of satellite-to-earth 
receiver aerials; frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
dissemination of television programmes 
relayed by satellite receiver aerials by cable 
or by microwave link to television receivers 
of users; operation of television cable 
networks; provision and operation of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communications systems; 
videotext and teletext transmission services; 
electronic and telecommunication 
transmission services;
Scientific and technological services and 
research and design relating thereto; 
industrial analysis and research services; 
design and development of computer 
hardware and software; computer services; 
computer programming; design, drawing 
and commissioned writing, all for the 
compilation of web pages on the Internet; 
on-line computer services; creating and 
maintaining web sites; hosting multimedia 

December 
7￿2023

December 
7￿2023

4

5

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

199806264

Until May26￿ 
2023

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

303676294

January 31￿2026

30

digital content for others; computer services 
for creating virtual communities for 
registered users to organize groups and 
events, participate in discussions, and 
engage in social, business and community 
networking; computer services for hosting 
electronic facilities for others for organizing 
and conducting meetings, events and 
interactive discussions via communication 
networks; application service provider 
(ASP) services; application service provider 
(ASP) services for hosting computer 
software applications of others; application 
service provider (ASP) featuring software to 
enable or facilitate the uploading, 
downloading, streaming, posting, 
displaying, blogging, linking, sharing or 
otherwise providing electronic media or 
information over communication networks; 
computer network services that enables 
users to transfer personal identity data to 
and share personal identify data with and 
among multiple websites; hosting a web site 
featuring technology that enables online 
users to create personal profiles featuring 
social networking information and to 
transfer and share such information among 
multiple websites; hosting of a website 
providing information from searchable 
indexes and databases of information, 
including text, electronic documents, 
databases, graphics and audio visual 
information, on computer and 
communication networks; providing 
temporary use of non-downloadable 
software applications for social networking, 

31

creating a virtual community, and 
transmission of audio, video, photographic 
images, text, graphics and data; computer 
services in the nature of customized web 
pages featuring user-defined or specified 
information, personal profiles, audio, video, 
photographic images, text, graphics and 
data; all included in Class 42.
Legal services; security services for the 
protection of property and individuals; 
personal and social services rendered by 
others to meet the needs of individuals; 
social introduction, networking and dating 
services; providing social services and 
information in the field of personal 
development, namely self-improvement, 
self-fulfillment, charitable, philanthropic, 
volunteer, public and community services, 
and humanitarian activities; licensing of 
data, multimedia content, video, movies, 
pictures, images, text, photos, games, user-
generated content, audio content; licensing 
of digital data, still images, moving images, 
audio and text; all included in Class 45.
Television and radio broadcasting services; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-to-satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite; relaying of television programs by 
satellite; operation of satellite-to-earth 
receiver aerials; frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
dissemination of television programs 
relayed by satellite receiver aerials by cable 
or by microwave link to television receivers 

December 
7, 2023

December 
8, 2020

6

7

45

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

303676294

Until January 31
￿ 2026

48

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

IDM000084617￿
388555￿

Until June 19￿ 
2026

32

of users; operation of television cable 
networks; provision and operation of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communications systems; 
videotext and teletext transmission services; 
electronic and telecommunication 
transmission services; services for the 
transmission of data and of information by 
electronic, computer, cable, radio, 
radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, telecopier, television, 
microwave, laser beam, communications 
satellite or other communications means; 
provision of communication facilities for 
the interchange of data by electronic means; 
consultancy services relating to data 
communications; services for the 
transmission, provision or display of 
information for business of domestic 
purposes from a computer-stored data bank; 
rental of communication apparatus; time 
sharing services for communications 
apparatus.

8

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

5900860

Until November 
25, 2026

Application software; electronic machines, 
apparatus and their parts.

December 
7, 2023

33

9

10

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

5900860

Until November 
25, 2026

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

5375983

Until Decembr10, 
2030

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

Online retail services featuring computer 
software; advertising; advertising by email 
delivery; advertising by using 
communication network (including the 
Internet); management of customer 
information.

Television and radio broadcasting services; 
digital television services; providing access 
to computer databases and the Internet; 
providing information relating to TV 
program listing of television programs; 
providing access to electronic 
communication network via satellite; 
television broadcasting via satellite; digital 
television broadcasting via satellite; 
providing aerials to receive signals for 
satellite television broadcasting; frequency 
conversion of microwave signals relayed by 
satellite for broadcasting; rental of business 
frequency converter for microwave signals 
from satellite, used for broadcasting; cable 
television broadcasting; provision of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communications; teletext 
transmission services; providing access to 
electronic communication network; 
transmission of data and of information by 
electronic network, computer, cable, radio, 
radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, fax machine, television, 
microwave, laser beam (optical wireless 
communication), communications satellite 
or other communications means; providing 
communication for electronical data 

34

exchange; providing access for electronic 
data exchange; consultancy services relating 
to data communications; professional 
consultancy services relating to 
telecommunications; broadcasting; rental of 
communication apparatus; rental of 
communication apparatus by time sharing; 
provision of information, consultancy 
services and advisory services relating to all 
the aforesaid services.
Electronic machines, apparatus and their 
parts, namely computer hardware and 
computer peripheral devices; printers and 
their parts; computer software computer 
software development tools; computer 
software applications, downloadable; 
computer programs (downloadable 
software); computer software providing 
electronic gaming; smart phone 
applications, software; software for smart 
TV application; downloadable computer 
software applications on electronic devices; 
computer software for use as an application 
programming interface (API); application 
programming interface (API) for computer 
software which facilitates online services 
for social networking building social 
networking, applications and for allowing 
data retrieval, upload, download, access and 
management; software to enable uploading, 
posting, showing, displaying, tagging, 
blogging, sharing or otherwise providing 
electronic media or information over the 
Internet or other communications network.

December 
7, 2023

11

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45-0074883-0000

Until August 2, 
2027

35

12

13

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45-0074883-0000

Until August 2, 
2027

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

45-0074883-0000

Until August 2, 
2027

36

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

Comprehensive shopping mall by internet; 
intermediary services relating to mail order 
selling by electric communication; retail 
department store services; hypermarket 
services; advertising; advertising by 
electronic mail; on-line advertising on a 
computer network ; management of 
customer information via the internet
Television and radio broadcasting services, 
Digital television broadcasting, Providing 
access to computer databases and Internet, 
Provision of telecommunications access and 
links to computer databases and Internet, 
Diffusion of television programmes, 
Operation of earth-to satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite, Operation of television cable 
networks; Provision and operation of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communications systems, 
Videotext and teletext transmission 
services, Electronic and telecommunication 
transmission services,
Transmission of data and of information by 
electronic, computer, cable, radio, 
radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, fax machine, television, 
microwave, laser beam, communications 
satellite or other communications means, 
Provision of communication facilities for 
the interchange of data by electronic means, 
Consultancy services relating to data 
communications, Professional consultancy 
services relating to telecommunications, 
Time sharing services for communications 

apparatus, Television and radio 
broadcasting provided on-line from a 
computer database or the internet; 
Electronic bulletin board services 
(telecommunications services); 
Communications by electronic mail; 
Providing information in relation to data 
communication; Provision of information 
relating to television and radio broadcasting 
services; Consultancy services relating to 
television and radio broadcasting services; 
Advisory services relating to television and 
radio broadcasting services; Frequency 
conversion of microwave signals relayed by 
satellite for the purpose of communication; 
Broadcasting of television programmes by 
satellite; Operation of receiver aerials for 
satellite broadcasting; Services for 
transmission and switching of text, sound 
and image by using telecommunication via 
the computer terminal.
Television and radio broadcasting services; 
digital television services;  provision of 
telecommunications access and links to 
computer databases and the Internet; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-to-satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite; relaying of television programmes 
by satellite; operation of satellite-to-earth 
receiver aerials; frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
dissemination of television programmes 
relayed by satellite receiver aerials; 
frequency conversion of microwave signals 

December 
7, 2023

14

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

00007563

Until June 12, 
2030

37

relayed by satellite; dissemination of 
television programms relayed by satellite 
receiver aerials by cable or by microwave 
link to television receivers of users; 
operation of television cable networks; 
provision and operation of radio, telephone, 
telegraph, satellite and of cable network 
communications systems; videotext and 
teletext transmission services; electronic 
and telecommunication transmission 
services; transmission of data and of 
information by electronic, computer, cable, 
radio, radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, fax machine, television, 
microwave, laser beam, communications 
satellite or other communications means;
Television and radio broadcasting services; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-to-satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite; relaying of television programmes 
by satellite; operation of satellite-to-earth 
receiver aerials; frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
dissemination of television programmes 
relayed by satellite receiver aerials by cable 
or by microwave link to television receivers 
of users; operation of television cable 
networks; provision and operation of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communication systems; videotext 
and teletext transmission services; 
electronic and telecommunication 
transmission services; services for the 
transmission of data and of information by 

December 
7, 2023

15

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

600172

Until September 
30, 2026

38

electronic, computer, cable, radio, 
radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, telecopier, television, 
microwave, laser beam, communications 
satellite or other communications means; 
provision of communication facilities for 
the interchange of data by electronic means; 
consultancy services relating to data 
communications; provision or display of 
information about telecommunications from 
a computer stored data bank; rental of 
communication apparatus; time sharing 
services for communications apparatus; 
time sharing services for communications 
apparatus; telecommunication of 
information including web pages, computer 
programs and any other data; providing 
telecommunication connections to a global 
computer network; all included in this class. 
Television and radio broadcasting services; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-to-satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite; relaying of television programmes 
by satellite; operation of satellite-to-earth 
receiver aerials; frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
dissemination of television programmes 
relayed by satellite receiver aerials by cable 
or by microwave link to television receivers 
of users; operation of television cable 
networks; provision and operation of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communications systems; 
videotext and teletext transmission services; 

December 
7, 2023

16

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

4-1996-109546

Until July 1, 2024

39

electronic and telecommunication 
transmission services; services for the 
transmission of data and of information by 
electronic, computer, cable, radio, 
radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, telecopier, television, 
microwave, laserbeam, communications 
satellite or other communications means; 
provision of communication facilities for 
the interchange of data by electronic means; 
consultancy services relating to data 
communications; services for the 
transmission, provision or display of 
information of business of domestic 
purposes from a computer-stored data bank; 
rental of communication apparatus; time 
sharing services for communications 
apparatus; all included in Class 38.
Television and radio broadcasting services; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-satellite television 
transmitters for the transmission of signals 
to satellite; relaying of television 
programmes by satellite; operation of 
satellite-to-earth receiver aerials; and 
frequency conversion of microwave signals 
relayed by satellite; all being 
telecommunications services; provision of 
information and advisory services relating 
to the operation of earth-to-satellite; 
television transmitters for the transmission 
of signals to satellite; relaying of television 
programmes by satellite; operation of 
satellite-to-earth receiver aerials, and 
frequency conversion of microwave signals 

December 
7, 2023

17

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

T96/05990A

Until June 12, 
2026

40

relayed by satellite; transmission of 
television programmes relayed by satellite 
receiver aerials by cable or by microwave 
link to television receivers of users; 
operation of television cable networks; 
operation of radio; telephone, telegraph, 
satellite and of cable network 
communications systems; provision of 
information and advisory services relating 
to the operation of radio, telephone, 
telegraph, satellite and of cable network 
communications systems; videotext and 
teletext transmission services; electronic 
and telecommunications transmission 
services; transmission of data and 
information by electronic computer, cable, 
radio, radio paging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, fax machine, television, 
microwave, laserbeam or communications 
satellite digital means; advisory services 
relating to data communications; 
transmission, provision or display of 
information from a computer-stored data 
bank; rental of communications apparatus; 
time sharing services for communications 
apparatus; all included in Class 38.
Conducting and organizing of beauty 
pageants; organization and production of 
live shows; presentation of live 
performances; conducting and organizing 
entertainment competitions; education and 
entertainment services in the nature of 
planning, production and distribution of live 
or recorded audio, visual or audiovisual 
material for broadcasting by radio and 

December 
7, 2023

18

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

T06/24205A

Until November 
10, 2026

41

television or through film or videotape; 
entertainment services provided by means 
of the Internet; planning, production and 
distribution of television programs and 
films; news reporting; news reporters 
services; publication of books and printed 
matter relating to films, videotapes, radio 
and television; news publication; rental of 
sound recordings, films, film projectors, 
videotapes, video cassette recorders, radios 
and television sets and accessories therefor; 
providing cinema and theatre facilities; 
education and entertainment information 
services; entertainment including 
entertainment services provided via 
electronic and digital interactive media.
Television and radio broadcasting services; 
diffusion of television programmes; 
operation of earth-to-satellite television 
transmitters for transmission of signals to 
satellite; relaying of television programmes 
by satellite; operation of satellite-to-earth 
receiver aerials; frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
dissemination of television programmes 
relayed by satellite receiver aerials by cable 
or by microwave link to television receivers 
of users; operation of television cable 
networks; provision and operation of radio, 
telephone, telegraph, satellite and of cable 
network communications systems; 
videotext and teletext transmission services; 
services for the transmission of data and of 
information by electronic, computer, cable, 
radio radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 

December 
7, 2023

19

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

BOR5608

Until July 2, 2026

42

electronic mail, telecopier, television, 
microwave, laser beam, communications 
satellite; provision of communication 
facilities for the interchange of data by 
electronic means; consultancy services 
relating to data communications; services 
for the transmission, provision or display of 
information from a computer-stored data 
bank; rental of communication apparatus; 
time sharing services for communications 
apparatus, electronic and 
telecommunication transmission services.
Television and radio broadcasting services; 
digital television transmission services; 
providing multiple user access to computer 
databases and the internet; transmission of 
television programs; operation of earth-to-
satellite television transmitters for 
transmission of signals to satellite; 
broadcasting television programs by 
satellite; satellite transmission via satellite-
to-earth receiver aerials; satellite 
transmission via frequency conversion of 
microwave signals relayed by satellite; 
broadcasting of television programs relayed 
by satellite receiver aerials by cable or by 
microwave link to television receivers of 
users; cable television transmission, cable 
television broadcasting; radio, telephone, 
telegraph, satellite and of cable network 
communications; video-text and teletext 
transmission services; electronic 
transmission of data and messages and 
telecommunication transmission of 
messages and data via computer, network; 

December 
7, 2023

20

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

2850018

Until June 8, 
2024

43

electronic transmission of data and 
messages via computer, cable, radio, 
radiopaging, teleprinter, teleletter, 
electronic mail, fax machine, television, 
microwave, laser beam, communications 
satellite; providing on-line chat room and/or 
electronic bulletin boards for transmission 
of messages among computer users 
concerning television and radio broadcast, 
entertainment, celebrities, fashion and style, 
personal development, and all the above 
also provided on-line from a computer 
database or the internet, providing 
information regarding telecommunications; 
and consultation and advisory services 
relating thereto, in class 38.

Chronographs; electronic bulletin boards; 
video cameras; still cameras; spectacles; 
exposed motion picture film. Video discs, 
TV films, video tapes of TV programs, 
video tapes, films, video cassettes, cartoons, 
CDs, sound recording media.

Office paper; newsprint; writing paper; 
wrapping paper; stickers; paper towels; 
posters; periodicals; printed publications; 
pictures; natural science teaching aids; 
globes; model specimens for teaching; 
paper models for teaching; teaching 
manuals; materials for making models; 
rosary. Magazines, cards, envelopes, 
letterheads, calendars, calendars, paper 
bags, paper banners, paper logos, stationery 
rulers, paper billboards.

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

21

22

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061115

Until July 31, 
2032

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061115

Until July 31, 
2032

44

23

24

25

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061115

Until July 31, 
2032

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061115

Until July 31, 
2032

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061115

Until July 31, 
2032

45

Advertising agency; advertising planning; 
online advertising on the computer network; 
providing promotional activities for others; 
providing computer database retrieval for 
others; handling accounting business; 
leasing vending machines; Kanban leasing, 
exhibition preparation services for industrial 
and commercial enterprises, computer 
database management, and computer file 
data search.
Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; online information 
transmission; computer transmission of 
messages and images; electronic mail 
transmission; optical fiber network 
communication transmission; 
Communication services: providing users 
with access to global computer networks; 
news dissemination, artificial satellite 
transmission, leasing of telecommunications 
equipment, and provision of information 
services related to telecommunications.
Provide research and development; survey; 
provide meteorological information; 
packaging design; architectural design; civil 
engineering technical consultant; clothing 
design; computer hosting; convert physical 
data or documents into electronic carriers; 
provide Internet search engines; Internet 
Server rental. Computer animation design 
and production, computer graphics, 
computer programming, web page design, 
stage design, theater design, graphic art 
design, artwork appraisal.

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

26

27

28

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061115

Until July 31, 
2032

Providing camping accommodation 
equipment; providing exhibition equipment; 
venue rental; rental of meeting rooms.

December 
7, 2023

Computer hardware; computer software; 
computer firmware; computer monitors; 
interface cards for computer; chronographs; 
electronic notice boards; Internet devices; 
communication devices; cameras; 
altimeters; thermometers; compasses; 
weighing apparatus; precision measuring 
apparatus; measuring instruments, electric; 
rules (measuring instruments); eyeglasses; 
batteries; exposed cinematographic film; 
video disks; TV films; TV program tapes; 
videotapes; films; video tape boxes; 
animated cartoons; optical discs; sound 
recording carriers.
Paper for office use; newsprint; writing 
paper; packing paper; stickers; towels of 
paper; posters; periodicals; printed 
publications; pictures; plastic films for 
wrapping; punches; file folders; writing 
instruments; staplers; clips; drawing boards; 
paintbrushes; canvas for painting; palettes 
for painters; painters' easels; teaching aids 
for natural science; terrestrial globes; model 
samples for teaching; paper models for 
teaching; teaching handbooks; modelling 
materials; rosaries, chaplets; magazines; 
cards; envelopes; letter paper; calendars; 
monthly calendars; paper bags; plastic bags; 

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061100

Until April 30, 
2032

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061100

Until April 30, 
2032

46

banners of paper; trademark labels of paper; 
rulers (stationery); advertisement boards of 
paper.

Advertising agency; advertising planning; 
online advertising on a computer network; 
commercial information agency services; 
sales promotion for others; personnel 
management consultancy; evaluation of 
business location; data search in computer 
files for others; accounting; rental of 
vending machines; providing advertising 
time on communication media; business 
management of performing artists; news 
clipping services; auctioneering; public 
relations; digital billboard rental; online 
advertising banner services; organization of 
business fair services for business; TV 
shopping; online shopping; retailing and 
wholesaling of photographic equipment; 
computer database management; data 
search of computerized files.
Wireless broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; online information 
transmission; computer-aided transmission 
of messages and images; transmission of 
electronic mail; transmission by fiber-optic 
network communication; electronic bulletin 
board services [telecommunications 
services]; providing telecommunications 
connections to a global computer network; 
video conference services; providing user 

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

29

30

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061100

Until April 30, 
2032

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061100

Until April 30, 
2032

47

access to global computer networks; news 
broadcasting; satellite transmission; rental 
of telecommunication equipment; providing 
telecommunication information.

Education; arranging and conducting of 
conferences; organization of competitions 
(education or entertainment); fee-based 
library; online publication of electronic 
books and journals; production of television 
programs; production of radio programs; 
production of shows; news reporters 
services; entertainment; animal training; 
operating lotteries; publication and 
distribution of books and journals; 
conducting lectures; leisure and 
entertainment information; providing online 
video and music via the Internet for 
appreciation purposes; online browsing 
services for electronic publication; 
providing online viewing of images via the 
Internet; organization of various meetup 
events; information on recreational 
activities; organization of recreational 
sports and cultural activities; film festivals; 
providing cinema and theater equipment; 
production and distribution of films and 
phonograph records; entertainer services; 
presentation of live performances; rental of 
performance venues; rental of audio-visual 
equipment; rental of audio-visual media; 
editing of various books and publications.

December 
7, 2023

31

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061100

Until April 30, 
2032

48

32

33

34

35

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061100

Until April 30, 
2032

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

99061100

Until April 30, 
2032

Providing research and development; 
surveying; providing meteorological 
information; packaging design; architecture 
design; consultancy on civil construction 
engineering; dress designing; hosting 
computer sites [web sites]; conversion of 
data or documents from physical to 
electronic media; providing Internet search 
engines; rental of web servers; computer 
animation design and production; computer 
drawing; computer programming; web page 
design; stage design; theater design; graphic 
arts design; authenticating works of art.
Coffee shops; restaurants; cocktail catering 
services; food and drink catering; restaurant 
reservation services; hotel reservation 
services; rental of temporary 
accommodation; providing camping 
accommodation equipment; providing 
exhibition equipment; venue rental; rental 
of meeting rooms.

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880214

Until November 
30, 2032

Office paper; newsprint; writing paper; 
wrapping paper; posters; periodicals; 
printed publications; pictures; instructional 
manuals.

December 
7, 2023

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880213

Until December 
15, 2032

Computer hardware; computer software; 
computer firmware; computer monitors; 
computer interface cards; timers; electronic 
bulletin boards; Internet equipment; 
communication equipment; video cameras; 
cameras; altimeters; thermometers; 
compasses; weighing scales ; precision 

December 
7, 2023

49

43

16

9

measuring instruments; electrical measuring 
instruments; rulers (measuring instruments); 
spectacles; batteries; exposed motion 
picture film.

Stickers; paper towels; plastic film for 
packaging; hole punches; file holders; 
writing utensils; staplers; paper clips; 
drawing boards; paintbrushes; canvases; 
palettes for painting; easels; natural science 
teaching aids; globes; teaching models 
Specimens; paper models for teaching; 
materials for making models; rosary beads.
Advertising agency; advertising planning; 
online advertising on the computer network; 
providing business information; providing 
promotional activities for others; consulting 
on personnel management; evaluating 
business sites of enterprises; providing 
computer database retrieval for others; 
handling accounting services; leasing 
vending machines.
Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; online information 
transmission; computer transmission of 
messages and images; electronic mail 
transmission; optical fiber network 
communication transmission; 
Communication services; providing users 
with access to global computer networks.

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

36

37

38

16

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880213

Until December 
15, 2032

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880213

Until December 
15, 2032

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880213

Until December 
15, 2032

50

39

40

41

42

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880213

Until December 
15, 2032

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880213

Until December 
15, 2032

Education; arranging and holding meetings; 
organizing educational or entertainment 
competitions; charging libraries; publishing 
online e-books and periodicals; television 
program production; radio program 
production; performance program 
production; news interview services; 
entertainment; animal training; lottery 
operations.
Provide research and development; survey; 
provide meteorological information; 
packaging design; architectural design; civil 
engineering technical consultant; clothing 
design; computer hosting; convert physical 
data or documents into electronic carriers; 
provide Internet search engines; Internet 
Server rental.

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880212

Until November 
30, 2032

Periodicals; printed publications; 
instructional manuals.

December 
7, 2023

101880212

Until November 
30, 2032

Publishing of online e-books and 
periodicals.

December 
7, 2023

51

42

16

41

43

44

45

46

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880211

Until April 30, 
2033

16

35

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880211

Until April 30, 
2033

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880211

Until April 30, 
2033

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880211

Until April 30, 
2033

Computer hardware; computer software; 
computer firmware; computer monitors; 
computer interface cards; timers; electronic 
bulletin boards; Internet equipment; 
communication equipment; video cameras; 
cameras; altimeters; thermometers; 
compasses; weighing scales ; precision 
measuring instruments; electrical measuring 
instruments; rulers (measuring instruments); 
spectacles; exposed motion picture film.

Office paper; newsprint; writing paper; 
wrapping paper; stickers; paper towels; 
posters; pictures; natural science teaching 
aids; globes; teaching model specimens; 
teaching paper models; materials for 
making models

Advertising agency; advertising planning; 
online advertising on the computer network; 
providing promotional activities for others; 
providing computer database retrieval for 
others; handling accounting business; 
leasing vending machines.

Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; online information 
transmission; computer transmission of 
messages and images; electronic mail 
transmission; optical fiber network 
communication transmission; 
Communication services; providing users 
with access to global computer networks

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

52

47

48

49

50

41

42

16

41

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880211

Until April 30, 
2033

Education; TV program production; radio 
program production; performance program 
production; news interview service; animal 
training; lottery operation.

December 
7, 2023

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880211

Until April 30, 
2033

Provide research and development; survey; 
provide meteorological information; 
packaging design; architectural design; civil 
engineering technical consultant; clothing 
design; computer hosting; convert physical 
data or documents into electronic carriers; 
provide Internet search engines; Internet 
Server rental.

December 
7, 2023

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880210

Until December 
15, 2032

Periodicals; printed publications; 
instructional manuals.

December 
7, 2023

101880210

Until December 
15, 2032

Publishing of online e-books and 
periodicals.

December 
7, 2023

53

51

52

53

54

9

16

35

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880209

Until June 15, 
2033

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880209

Until June 15, 
2033

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880209

Until June 15, 
2033

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880209

Until June 15, 
2033

Timers; electronic notice boards; video 
cameras; cameras; altimeters; 
thermometers; compasses; weighing scales; 
precision measuring instruments; electrical 
measuring instruments; rulers (measuring 
instruments); spectacles; exposed motion 
picture films

Office paper; newsprint; writing paper; 
wrapping paper; stickers; paper towels; 
posters; pictures; natural science teaching 
aids; globes; teaching model specimens; 
teaching paper models; materials for 
making models

Advertising agency; advertising planning; 
online advertising on the computer network; 
providing promotional activities for others; 
providing computer database retrieval for 
others; handling accounting business; 
leasing vending machines.

Radio broadcasting; television 
broadcasting; online information 
transmission; computer transmission of 
messages and images; electronic mail 
transmission; optical fiber network 
communication transmission; 
Communication services; providing users 
with access to global computer networks

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

54

55

56

57

58

41

42

16

35

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880209

Until June 15, 
2033

Education; TV program production; radio 
program production; performance program 
production; news interview service; animal 
training; lottery operation.

December 
7, 2023

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

101880209

Until June 15, 
2033

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430881

Until August 27, 
2027

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430880

Until December 
20, 2026

Provide research and development; survey; 
provide meteorological information; 
packaging design; architectural design; civil 
engineering technical consultant; clothing 
design; computer hosting; convert physical 
data or documents into electronic carriers; 
provide Internet search engines; Internet 
Server rental.

December 
7, 2023

Journal; Plastic film for packaging; 
Furniture excluding office essentials; 
Painting materials; Teaching materials 
(excluding instruments); Model materials; 
Rosary beads.

December 
7, 2023

Advertising agency; Advertising planning; 
Online advertising on data communication 
networks; Business information; Selling 
(for others); Personnel management 
consulting; Business enterprise migration; 
Retrieve data from computer archives (on 
behalf of others); Accounting; Rental of 
vending machines

December 
7, 2023

55

59

60

61

62

38

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430879

Until April 20, 
2026

41

42

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430878

Until September 
6, 2027

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430877

Until December 
13, 2026

9

Phoenix Satellite 
Television 
Trademark Limited

16430882

Until August 27, 
2027

Radio broadcasting; Television 
broadcasting; Information transmission; 
Computer assisted information and image 
transmission; Email; Fiber optic 
communication; Electronic bulletin board 
service (communication service); Provide 
telecommunications connectivity services 
with global computer networks; Video 
conferencing services; Provide global 
computer network user access services.
Education Arrange and organize meetings; 
Organize educational or entertainment 
competitions; Paid library; The publication 
of online e-books and magazines; 
Production of radio and television 
programs; News journalist services; Animal 
training; Running Lottery.
Research and develop new products for 
others; Measurement; Meteorological 
information; Packaging design; 
Development of construction projects; 
Clothing design; Hosted computer station 
(website); Convert tangible data and files 
into electronic media; Provide Internet 
search engine; Rental of network servers.

Computer peripheral equipment; Timer 
(time recording device); Electronic bulletin 
boards; Network communication 
equipment; Camera; Camera (photography); 
Measuring instruments and devices; 
Glasses; Battery; Exposed movie film

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

December 
7, 2023

2.2 Notice of Acceptance of Registration of Newly Added Trademarks

56

S/N

1

Reproduction of 
Trademark

Class

Owner/Applicant

Application 
Number

Application 
Date

Effective Date of License

41

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

49389938

September1, 
2020

Date of registration approved by 
the Trademark Office

57

 
3. Other Licensed Logos under the Trademark Licensing Agreement

S/N

Reproduction of Logo

Owner

Authorization Document and Its 
Signing Date

Effective Date of License

1

2

3

4

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

License under the 
Trademark Licensing Agreement
(December 8, 2017)

December 8, 2017

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

License under the 
Trademark Licensing Agreement
(December 8, 2017)

December 8, 2017

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

License under the 
Trademark Licensing Agreement
(December 8, 2017)

December 8, 2017

Phoenix Satellite Television 
Trademark Limited

License under the 
Trademark Licensing Agreement
(December 8, 2017)

December 8, 2017

58

List of Significant Subsidiaries of the Registrant (as of March 31, 2024)

Subsidiaries

Name of Entity
Phoenix Satellite Television Information Limited
Phoenix New Media (Hong Kong) Company Limited
Phoenix New Media (Hong Kong) Information Technology Company 
Limited
Fenghuang On-line (Beijing) Information Technology Co., Ltd.
Beijing Fenghuang Yutian Software Technology Co., Ltd.
Fenghuang Feiyang (Beijing) New Media Information Technology Co., 
Ltd.
Beijing Fenghuang Borui Software Technology Co., Ltd.
Tianjin Fengying Hongda Culture Communication Co., Ltd.

VIEs

Name of Entity
Beijing Fenghuang Ronghe Investment Co., Ltd.
Beijing Tianying Jiuzhou Network Technology Co., Ltd.

Subsidiaries of VIEs

Name of Entity
Tianjin Fenghuang Mingdao Culture Communication Co., Ltd.
Beijing Fengyu Network Technology Co., Ltd.
Beijing Fengyue Culture Technology Co., Ltd. 
Shanghai Fengyu Shixun Technology Co., Ltd.
Beijing Fenghuang Tianbo Network Technology Co., Ltd.
Yifeng Lianhe (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd.
Beijing Tianying Chuangzhi Advertising Co., Ltd.
Hainan Lefeng Culture Communication Co., Ltd.
Fenghuang Feiyang (Guangzhou) International Culture Communication 
Co., Ltd.

Exhibit 8.1

Jurisdiction of Incorporation

BVI
Hong Kong
Hong Kong

PRC
PRC
PRC

PRC
PRC

PRC
PRC

PRC
PRC
PRC
PRC
PRC
PRC
PRC
PRC
PRC

Jurisdiction of Incorporation

Jurisdiction of Incorporation

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Certification by the Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Exhibit 12.1

I, Yusheng Sun, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Phoenix New Media Limited (the “Company”);

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact 
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in 
all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods 
presented in this report;

The Company’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed 
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is 
being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be 

designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and 
the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles;

(c)

Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by 
this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during 
the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.

The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over 
financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons 
performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 

reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and 
report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the 

Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: April 25, 2024

/s/ Yusheng Sun

By:
Name: Yusheng Sun
Title:

Chief Executive Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
I, Edward Lu, certify that:

Certification by the Chief Financial Officer
Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Exhibit 12.2

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 20-F of Phoenix New Media Limited (the “Company”);

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact 
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in 
all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Company as of, and for, the periods 
presented in this report;

The Company’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Company and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed 
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is 
being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be 

designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and 
the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles;

(c)

Evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by 
this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during 
the period covered by the annual report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.

The Company’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over 
financial reporting, to the Company’s auditors and the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors (or persons 
performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial 

reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and 
report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the 

Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: April 25, 2024

/s/ Edward Lu

By:
Name: Edward Lu
Title:

Chief Financial Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Certification by the Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Exhibit 13.1

In connection with the annual report of Phoenix New Media Limited (the “Company”) on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 
2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Yusheng Sun, Chief Executive 
Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 
2002, that to my knowledge:

(1)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)
operations of the Company.

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of 

Date: April 25, 2024

By:
Name:
Title:

/s/ Yusheng Sun
Yusheng Sun
Chief Executive Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Certification by the Chief Financial Officer
Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Exhibit 13.2

In connection with the annual report of Phoenix New Media Limited (the “Company”) on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 
2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Edward Lu, Chief Financial Officer 
of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 
that to my knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of 
the Company.

Date: April 25, 2024

/s/ Edward Lu

By:
Name: Edward Lu
Title:

Chief Financial Officer

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S-8 (No.333-265543, No.333-225976, 
No.333-217490, No.333-200630, No.333-191177 and No.333-177810) of Phoenix New Media Limited of our report dated April 25, 
2024 relating to the financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which appears in this Form 
20-F.

Exhibit 15.1

/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers Zhong Tian LLP
Beijing, the People’s Republic of China
April 25, 2024

1

 
Exhibit 15.2

April 25, 2024

Phoenix New Media Limited
Sinolight Plaza, Floor 16, No. 4, Qiyang Road
Wangjing, Chaoyang District
Beijing 100102
People’s Republic of China 

Dear Sir/Madam: 

We consent to the reference to our firm under the headings of “Risk Factors”, “Regulatory Matters” and 
“Organizational Structure” in Phoenix New Media Limited’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for year ended 
December 31, 2023, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). We also 
consent to the filing with the SEC of this consent letter as an exhibit to the Annual Report on Form 20-F for the 
year ended December 31, 2023.

In giving such consent, we do not hereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is 
required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, or under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, in each 
case, as amended, or the regulations promulgated thereunder.

Yours faithfully, 

         /s/ Zhong Lun Law Firm
Zhong Lun Law Firm

PHOENIX NEW MEDIA LIMITED

Incentive Compensation 
Clawback Policy
(As Adopted on November 23, 2023 Pursuant to NYSE Rule 303A.14)

Exhibit 97.1

1.

Overview.    The  Compensation  Committee  (the  “Committee”)  of  the  Board  of  Directors  (the 
“Board”)  of  Phoenix  New  Media  Limited  (the  “Company”)  has  adopted  this  Incentive  Compensation  Clawback 
Policy (the “Policy”) which requires the recoupment of certain incentive-based compensation in accordance with the 
terms herein and is intended to comply with Section 303A.14 of The New York Stock Exchange Listed Company 
Manual, as such section may be amended from time to time (the “Listing Rules”).  Capitalized terms not otherwise 
defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms under Section 12 of this Policy.

2.

Interpretation  and  Administration.    The  Committee  shall  have  full  authority  to  interpret  and 
enforce the Policy; provided, however, that the Policy shall be interpreted in a manner consistent with its intent to 
meet  the  requirements  of  the  Listing  Rules.    As  further  set  forth  in  Section  10  below,  this  Policy  is  intended  to 
supplement  any  other  clawback  policies  and  procedures  that  the  Company  may  have  in  place  from  time  to  time 
pursuant to other applicable law, plans, policies or agreements.

3.

Covered  Executives.    The  Policy  applies  to  each  current  and  former  Executive  Officer  of  the 
Company who serves or served as an Executive O￿cer at any time during a performance period in respect of which 
Incentive Compensation is Received, to the extent that any portion of such Incentive Compensation is (a) Received 
by the Executive Officer during the last three completed Fiscal Years or any applicable Transition Period preceding 
the date that the Company is required to prepare a Restatement (regardless of whether any such Restatement is actually 
filed) and (b) determined to have included Erroneously Awarded Compensation.  For purposes of determining the 
relevant recovery period referenced in the preceding clause (a), the date that the Company is required to prepare a 
Restatement under the Policy is the earlier to occur of (i) the date that the Board, a committee of the Board, or the 
officer  or  officers  of  the  Company  authorized  to  take  such  action  if  Board  action  is  not  required,  concludes,  or 
reasonably should have concluded, that the Company is required to prepare a Restatement or (ii) the date a court, 
regulator, or other legally authorized body directs the Company to prepare a Restatement.  Executive Officers subject 
to this Policy pursuant to this Section 3 are referred to herein as “Covered Executives.”

4.

Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation.  If any Erroneously Awarded Compensation 
is Received by a Covered Executive, the Company shall reasonably promptly take steps to recover such Erroneously 
Awarded Compensation in a manner described under Section 5 of this Policy.

5.

Forms of Recovery.  The Committee shall determine, in its sole discretion and in a manner that 
effectuates  the  purpose  of  the  Listing  Rules,  one  or  more  methods  for  recovering  any  Erroneously  Awarded 
Compensation hereunder in accordance with Section 4 above, which may include, without limitation: (a) requiring 
cash reimbursement; (b) seeking recovery or forfeiture of any gain realized on the vesting, exercise, settlement, sale, 
transfer  or  other  disposition  of  any  equity-based  awards;  (c)  offsetting  the  amount  to  be  recouped  from  any 
compensation  otherwise  owed  by  the  Company  to  the  Covered  Executive;  (d)  cancelling  outstanding  vested  or 
unvested equity awards; or (e) taking any other remedial and recovery action permitted by law, as determined by the 
Committee. To the extent the Covered Executive refuses to pay to the Company an amount equal to the Erroneously 
Awarded  Compensation,  the  Company  shall  have  the  right  to  sue  for  repayment  and/or  enforce  the  Covered 
Executive’s obligation to make payment through the reduction or cancellation of outstanding and future compensation. 
Any  reduction,  cancellation  or  forfeiture  of  compensation  shall  be  done  in  compliance  with  Section  409A  of  the 
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

6.

No Indemnification.  The Company shall not indemnify any Covered Executive against the loss of 
any Erroneously Awarded Compensation for which the Committee has determined to seek recoupment pursuant to 
this Policy.

1

7.

Exceptions  to  the  Recovery  Requirement.    Notwithstanding  anything  in  this  Policy  to  the 
contrary, Erroneously Awarded Compensation need not be recovered pursuant to this Policy if the Committee (or, if 
the Committee is not composed solely of Independent Directors, a majority of the Independent Directors serving on 
the Board) determines that recovery would be impracticable as a result of any of the following:

(a)

the direct expense paid to a third party to assist in enforcing the Policy would exceed the 
amount to be recovered; provided that, before concluding that it would be impracticable to recover any amount of 
Erroneously Awarded Compensation based on expense of enforcement, the Company must make a reasonable attempt 
to recover such Erroneously Awarded Compensation, document such reasonable attempt(s) to recover, and provide 
that documentation to the Exchange;

(b)

recovery would violate home country law where that law was adopted prior to November 
28,  2022;  provided  that,  before  concluding  that  it  would  be  impracticable  to  recover  any  amount  of  Erroneously 
Awarded  Compensation  based  on  violation  of  home  country  law,  the  Company  must  obtain  an  opinion  of  home 
country counsel, acceptable to the Exchange, that recovery would result in such a violation, and must provide such 
opinion to the Exchange; or

(c)

recovery  would  likely  cause  an  otherwise  tax-qualified  retirement  plan,  under  which 
benefits are broadly available to employees of the Company, to fail to meet the requirements of 26 U.S.C. 401(a)(13) 
or 26 U.S.C. 411(a) and the regulations thereunder.

8.

Committee Determination Final.  Any determination by the Committee with respect to the Policy 

shall be final, conclusive and binding on all interested parties.

9.

Amendment.    The  Policy  may  be  amended  by  the  Committee  from  time  to  time,  to  the  extent 

permitted under the Listing Rules.

10.

Non-Exclusivity.  Nothing in the Policy shall be viewed as limiting the right of the Company or the 
Committee to pursue additional remedies or recoupment under or as required by any similar policy adopted by the 
Company  or  under  the  Company’s  compensation  plans,  award  agreements,  employment  agreements  or  similar 
agreements or the applicable provisions of any law, rule or regulation which may require or permit recoupment to a 
greater degree or with respect to additional compensation as compared to this Policy (but without duplication as to 
any recoupment already made with respect to Erroneously Awarded Compensation pursuant to this Policy).  This 
Policy shall be interpreted in all respects to comply with the Listing Rules.

11.

Successors.  The Policy shall be binding and enforceable against all Covered Executives and their 

beneficiaries, heirs, executors, administrators or other legal representatives.

12.

Defined Terms.  

“Covered Executives” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3 of this Policy.

“Erroneously Awarded Compensation” shall mean the amount of Incentive Compensation actually 
Received that exceeds the amount of Incentive Compensation that otherwise would have been Received had it been 
determined  based  on  the  restated  amounts,  and  computed  without  regard  to  any  taxes  paid.  For  Incentive 
Compensation based on stock price or total shareholder return, where the amount of erroneously awarded Incentive 
Compensation is not subject to mathematical recalculation directly from the information in a Restatement:

(A)

(B)

The  calculation  of  Erroneously  Awarded  Compensation  shall  be  based  on  a  reasonable 
estimate of the effect of the Restatement on the stock price or total shareholder return upon 
which the Incentive Compensation was Received; and

The  Company  shall  maintain  documentation  of  the  determination  of  that  reasonable 
estimate and provide such documentation to the Exchange.

2

“Exchange” shall mean The New York Stock Exchange.

“Executive  Officer”  shall  mean  the  Company’s  president,  principal  financial  officer,  principal 
accounting officer (or if there is no such accounting officer, the controller), any vice-president of the Company in 
charge of a principal business unit, division, or function (such as sales, administration, or finance), any other officer 
who performs a policy-making function, or any other person who performs similar policy-making functions for the 
Company. Executive officers of the Company’s parent(s) or subsidiaries shall be deemed executive officers of the 
Company if they perform such policy-making functions for the Company.

“Financial  Reporting  Measures”  shall  mean  measures  that  are  determined  and  presented  in 
accordance with the accounting principles used in preparing the Company’s financial statements, and any measures 
that are derived wholly or in part from such measures, including, without limitation, stock price and total shareholder 
return (in each case, regardless of whether such measures are presented within the Company’s financial statements or 
included in a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission).

“Fiscal Year” shall mean the Company’s fiscal year; provided that a Transition Period between the 
last day of the Company’s previous fiscal year end and the first day of its new fiscal year that comprises a period of 
nine to 12 months will be deemed a completed fiscal year.

“Incentive  Compensation”  shall  mean  any  compensation  (whether  cash  or  equity-based)  that  is 
granted, earned, or vested based wholly or in part upon the attainment of a Financial Reporting Measure, and may 
include, but shall not be limited to, performance bonuses and long-term incentive awards such as stock options, stock 
appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance share units or other equity-based awards.  For 
the  avoidance  of  doubt,  Incentive  Compensation  does  not  include  (i)  awards  that  are  granted,  earned  and  vested 
exclusively upon completion of a specified employment period, without any performance condition, and (ii) bonus 
awards  that  are  discretionary  or  based  on  subjective  goals  or  goals  unrelated  to  Financial  Reporting  Measures. 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, compensation amounts shall not be considered “Incentive Compensation” for purposes 
of the Policy unless such compensation is Received (1) while the Company has a class of securities listed on a national 
securities exchange or a national securities association and (2) on or after October 2, 2023, the effective date of the 
Listing Rules.

for Board or Committee membership, as applicable, under the rules of the Exchange, as of any determination date.

“Independent Director” shall mean a director who is determined by the Board to be “independent” 

“Listing Rules” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 1 of this Policy.

Incentive Compensation shall be deemed “Received” in the Company’s fiscal period during which 
the Financial Reporting Measure specified in the Incentive Compensation award is attained, even if the payment or 
grant of the Incentive Compensation occurs after the end of that period.

“Restatement”  shall  mean  an  accounting  restatement  due  to  the  material  noncompliance  of  the 
Company  with  any  financial  reporting  requirement  under  the  securities  laws,  including  any  required  accounting 
restatement to correct an error in previously issued financial statements that is material to the Company’s previously 
issued financial statements, or that would result in a material misstatement if the error were corrected in the current 
period or left uncorrected in the current period.

“Transition Period” shall mean any transition period that results from a change in the Company’s 
Fiscal Year within or immediately following the three completed Fiscal Years immediately preceding the Company’s 
requirement to prepare a Restatement.

3

Adopted on: November 23, 2023

4

Acknowledgment of Incentive Compensation Clawback Policy

Reference is made to the Phoenix New Media Limited Incentive Compensation Clawback Policy (as adopted 
on  November  23,  2023  pursuant  to  NYSE  Rule  303A.14)  (the  “Policy”).    Capitalized  terms  used  herein  without 
definition have the meanings assigned to such terms under the Policy.

By signing below, the undersigned acknowledges, confirms and agrees that:

•
•
•

•

the undersigned has received and reviewed a copy of the Policy;
the undersigned is, and will continue to be, subject to the Policy to the extent provided therein;
the Policy may apply both during and after termination of the undersigned’s employment with the 
Company and its affiliates; and
the  undersigned  agrees  to  abide  by  the  terms  of  the  Policy,  including,  without  limitation,  by 
returning any Erroneously Awarded Compensation to the Company pursuant to the Policy.

________________________________
Signature

________________________________
Print Name

________________________________
Date

5