Quarterlytics / Financial Services / Banks - Regional / Pinnacle Bankshares Corporation

Pinnacle Bankshares Corporation

ppbn · OTC Financial Services
Claim this profile
Ticker ppbn
Exchange OTC
Sector Financial Services
Industry Banks - Regional
Employees 183
← All annual reports
FY2023 Annual Report · Pinnacle Bankshares Corporation
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
2 0 2 3   A N N U A L   R E P O R T

B O A R D   O F   D I R E C T O R S

Front Row (Left to Right): Vivian S. Brown, Donald W. Merricks (Vice Chairman), 
James E. Burton, IV (Chairman), Aubrey H. Hall, III, Michael E. Watson, Connie C. Burnette

Back Row (Left to Right): L. Frank King, Jr., C. Bryan Stott, Carroll E. Shelton, Judson H. Dalton, Robert Hurt, 
Robert L. Finch, Jr., James O. Watts, IV, Elton W. Blackstock, Jr.  (Not Pictured: Dr. Robert L. Johnson, II)

S E N I O R   M A N A G E M E N T

Front Row (Left to Right): Melissa T. Campbell, Aubrey H. Hall, III (President & CEO), Allison G. Daniels

Back Row (Left to Right): Tracie A. Gallahan, Jennifer T. Edgell, Bryan M. Lemley, Shawn D. Stone,
James M. Minear, Krystal D. Harris

DEAR  
SHAREHOLDERS,

I  am  pleased  to  report  that  Pinnacle  Bankshares 
Corporation,  the  one  bank  holding  company  for  First 
National  Bank,  completed  another  successful  year  in 
2023, generating record high net income while materially 
enhancing  franchise  value  and  shareholder  returns.    I 
am proud of our performance especially considering the 
challenges  faced  by  the  banking  industry  last  year  due 
to  rapidly  rising  interest  rates,  the  resulting  liquidity 
crisis,  and  several  bank  failures.   Through  this  volatility 
we  were  able  to  grow  deposits,  expand  our  net  interest 
margin,  and  strengthen  our  capital  position,  which  all 
contributed to improved profitability and a higher stock 
price.  Most importantly, we maintained the trust of our 
depositors and the confidence of our investors.  As a result 
of  our  efforts,  First  National  achieved  the  #  3  overall 
performance  ranking  per  the  Performance  Trust  Rank-
the-Banks Virginia Report as of December 31, 2023.  

Pinnacle’s net income for 2023 was $9.76 million, which 
represents  a  $1.5  million,  or  18%,  increase  as  compared 
to  2022  and  a  return  on  average  assets  of  1.00%  for  the 
year.  The primary driver of this performance was higher 
net interest income, which increased $2.7 million to $33.2 
million,  with  higher  asset  yields  offsetting  rising  cost 
of  funds.    Our  ability  to  grow  deposits  and  remain  core 
funded helped keep our cost of funds below 1% at 0.92% 
for the year and expand our net interest margin to 3.52%.    

Noninterest income increased $941,000, or 13%, to $8 
million  in  2023  and  benefitted  from  Bank  Owned  Life 
Insurance (BOLI) proceeds totaling $1,363,000 received 
during the year as well as an increase in interchange fees 
derived  from  debit  card  usage,  merchant  card  fees,  and 
insurance  and  investment  product  sales  commissions.  
First National has regularly invested in BOLI since 2012 
to further enhance noninterest income and help fund the 
cost of employee benefits.  The BOLI proceeds more than 
offset declines in fees generated from the sale of mortgage 
loans  and  loan  fee  income.    Mortgage  loan  originations 
and overall loan volume were negatively impacted in 2023 
by rising interest rates, housing inventory shortages, and 
concerns regarding a potential recession.  

Improved  revenue  surpassed  higher  operating  costs 
as  noninterest  expense  increased  $2  million,  or  8%, 
to  $29.3  million  mainly  due  to  increased  salaries  and 
employee  benefits  as  well  as  core  operating  system 
expenses.   Salaries and benefits increased $862,000 year-
over-year  as  a  result  of  pay  improvement  initiatives  and 
new  incentive  plans  intended  to  ensure  First  National 
remains competitive in a continued tight labor market for 
top talent.  Core operating expenses increased $748,000 
mainly due to a one-time charge of $402,000 from our 
core  system  provider,  Fiserv,  related  to  contract  renewal 
credits  and  billings.      Additionally,  we  also  experienced 
higher occupancy and legal expenses as well as audit and 
accounting fees due to our larger size and complexity.   

As a result of our efforts,  
First National achieved the  
#3 overall performance ranking 
per the Performance Trust  
Rank-the-Banks Virginia Report 
as of December 31, 2023.

Credit quality remained strong during 2023 with Pinnacle’s 
criticized  and  classified  loans  decreasing  $1.6  million, 
or 34%, to $3 million as of year-end.  Additionally, we 
experienced  low  net  charge-offs  of  $34,000  for  the  year 
as  compared  to  net  recoveries  of  $51,000  in  2022.    As 
of December 31, 2023, we did not have any Other Real 
Estate  Owned  (OREO)  and  Non-Performing  Loans  to 
Total  Loans  and  Non-Performing  Assets  to Total  Assets 
were 0.24% and 0.15%, respectively.  We have continued 
to emphasize credit quality due to concerns regarding the 
negative impact higher inflation and market interest rates 
may have on borrowers.

From a balance sheet perspective, Pinnacle finished 2023 
with $1.02 billion in total assets comprised primarily of 
$641  million  in  loans,  $234  million  in  securities,  and 
$87.6 million in cash and cash equivalents.  Total loans 
increased $8.5 million, or 1%, during 2023 after increasing 
15%  the  prior  year.    We  experienced  a  decline  in  loan 
volume through the first half of the year as demand was 
negatively impacted by higher interest rates and concerns 
about the economy, however, volume rebounded during 
the second half of the year to include 3% growth in the 

fourth  quarter.    Our  securities  portfolio  declined  $17.5 
million,  or  7%,  during  the  year  and  remains  relatively 
short-term in nature with 60% invested in U.S. Treasury 
issues having an average maturity of 1.29 years and $53 
million maturing during the first quarter of 2024.  Our 
cash position as of December 31, 2023 increased $51.1 
million as compared to the prior year-end due to reduced 
loan growth, a decline in securities, and deposit growth, 
which has put us in a strong liquidity position.     

Total  liabilities  were  $948  million  as  of  December  31, 
2023  and  were  mainly  comprised  of  $932  million  in 
deposits,  which  increased  $33.2  million,  or  4%,  for  the 
year.  Our total number of deposit accounts increased 6% 
year-over-year as we benefitted from our strong reputation 
for  extraordinary  customer  service  and  closures  of  large 
national bank branches in markets served.  

Stockholders’ equity totaled $68.4 million as of December 
31, 2023, which is an increase of $11.4 million, or 20%, 
compared  to  the  prior  year-end.    Correspondingly,  our 
tangible book value per share improved $5.56, or 22%, 
to $30.38 over the same time period.  The improvement 
has  been  driven  by  increased  profitability,  a  decrease  in 
unrealized losses associated with our securities portfolio, 
and an increase in the value of pension assets.  Pinnacle 
and First National Bank remain “well capitalized” per all 
regulatory definitions.  

Pinnacle’s  stock  price  ended  2023  at  $24.01  per  share, 
an  increase  of  $4.81,  or  25%,  compared  to  year-end 
2022.  For 2023, Pinnacle paid $0.85 per share in cash 
dividends,  an  increase  of  $0.24  per  share,  or  39%, 
compared  to  the  prior  year,  as  a  result  of  our  improved 
profitability and capital position.  Total return for 2023 
was 30.19%, which outpaced the S&P U.S. BMI Banks 

Index’s total return of 9.09%1  and placed us amongst the 
top fifty performing OTC Markets Group Inc. OTCQX 
companies  in  2024.2  Based  on  the  last  trade  through 
February 29, 2024, Pinnacle’s stock price was $29.33 per 
share or 97% of year-end tangible book value.  

    I  would  like  to  thank  L.  Frank  King,  Jr.,  Carroll  E. 
Shelton,  and  C.  Bryan  Stott  for  their  service  to  the 
Boards  of  Pinnacle  Bankshares  Corporation  and  First 
National Bank.  Mr. King is the prior President and Chief 
Executive  Office  of  Virginia  Bank  and  Trust  Company 
and has been instrumental in our expansion efforts across 
Danville and Pittsylvania County.  Mr. Shelton has served 
our organization as an employee and/or director for over 
fifty  years,  providing  a  strong  source  of  institutional 
knowledge and support.  Mr. Stott has provided financial 
services industry expertise to the Board and has served on 
numerous  Board  committees,  including  as  Chairman  of 
the Compensation Committee.  These individuals helped 
lead  us  through  the  significant  growth  of  our  company 
and  will  be  retiring  from  the  Boards  effective  as  of  our 
2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.  Their experience, 
guidance, and support will be missed.  

We are excited that Ramsey W. Yeatts, owner and principal 
broker of Ramsey Yeatts & Associates, Realtors, is standing 
for election to the Pinnacle Board.  Mr. Yeatts has lived 
and  worked  in  the  Pittsylvania  County  /  Danville  area 
all  of  his  life  and  has  over  thirty  years  of  experience  in 
banking and real estate.  His depth of knowledge of our 

Southern Market will serve the company well as the area 
continues to transform and provide new opportunities.

Our Annual Meeting of Shareholders will be conducted 
on Tuesday, May 14, 2024, beginning at 11:00 a.m., at 
Virginia Technical Institute, located at 201 Ogden Road, 
Altavista, VA 24517.  The meeting will be followed by a 
luncheon provided for those in attendance.  I hope you 
will join us for an informative session regarding Pinnacle’s 
continued progress.  

In  closing,  Pinnacle  has  produced  record  high  net 
income  each  of  the  past  two  years  and  significantly 
improved  profitability  and  shareholder  returns.    We  are 
experiencing the benefits of our larger size and scale along 
with  diversification  of  markets  served,  yet  we  remain 
committed to a community bank model focused on our 
customers and employees, which is critical to success.  I 
continue to be excited about our future and our ability to 
capitalize on opportunities and expand our relationships 
across the Central and Southern Virginia markets.  

As always, thank you for your support, confidence, and the 
opportunity to serve your interests as President and Chief 
Executive Officer of Pinnacle Bankshares Corporation.

Sincerely,

Aubrey H. Hall, III “Todd”
President & CEO 

1S&P Global / S&P Capital IQ
2OTC Markets Group Announces the 2024 OTCQX Best 50 – Press Release dated January 18, 2024

All forward-looking information in this letter should be read with, and is qualified in its entirety by, the cautionary language regarding 
forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2023.

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

$1.00

$0.80

0.85

$0.60

0.545

0.56

0.56

0.61

$0.40

$0.20

$0.00

$25.00

$23.00

$21.00

$19.00

$17.00

$15.00

$19.20

(2022)

SHARE PRICE IN 2023

$24.01

PINNACLE BANKSHARES CORPORATION  
AND SUBSIDIARY 

Table of Contents 

Company Overview 
Results of Operations 
Consolidated Balance Sheets 
Consolidated Statements of Income 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 
Report of Independent Auditor 

1 
11 
16 
17 
18 
19 
20 
21 
59 
61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pinnacle Bankshares Corporation  

Company Overview 

Business 

Pinnacle  Bankshares  Corporation  (“Pinnacle”  or  the  “Company”),  a  Virginia  corporation,  was  organized  in  1997  and  is 
registered  as a  bank  holding  company  under  the  Bank  Holding  Company  Act  of  1956, as  amended (the  “BHCA”).  Pinnacle  is 
headquartered  in  Altavista,  Virginia  and  conducts  all  of  its  business  activities  through  the  branch  offices  of  its  wholly-owned 
subsidiary bank, First National Bank (Altavista, Virginia) (“First National Bank” or the “Bank”). Pinnacle was primarily established 
for the purpose of holding the stock of its subsidiary, First National Bank, and of such other subsidiaries as Pinnacle may acquire or 
establish. Pinnacle’s headquarters are located at 622 Broad Street, Altavista, Virginia.  Information about the Company is available 
under the Investor Relation tab on First National Bank's website at www.1stnatbk.com.  Information on our website is not part of, 
and is not incorporated into, this Annual Report. 

With an emphasis on personal service and commitment to a community banking business model, First National Bank today 
offers  a  broad  range  of  commercial  and  retail  banking  products  and  services  including  checking,  savings  and  time  deposits, 
individual retirement accounts, online banking, mobile banking, remote deposit capture, merchant bankcard processing, residential 
and commercial mortgages, home equity loans, consumer installment loans, agricultural loans, investment loans, small business 
loans, commercial loans, lines of credit and letters of credit.  First National Bank also offers a full range of investment, insurance 
and annuity products through its association with LPL Financial LLC, and Bankers Insurance, LLC.   

       First National Bank is a community banking organization serving central and southern Virginia.  The Bank serves market areas 
consisting  primarily  of  all  or  portions  of  the  Counties  of  Amherst,  Bedford,  Campbell  and  Pittsylvania,  and  the  Cities  of 
Charlottesville, Danville and Lynchburg.  The Company has a total of eighteen branches with one branch in Amherst County within 
the Town of Amherst, two branches in Bedford County; five branches in Campbell County, including two within the  Town of 
Altavista, where the Bank was founded; one branch in the City of Charlottesville, three branches in the  City of Danville; three 
branches in the City of Lynchburg; and three branches in Pittsylvania County, including one within the Town of Chatham.  First 
National Bank is celebrating its 116th year of operation.   

First National Bank has two wholly-owned subsidiaries. FNB Property Corp., which is a Virginia corporation, formed to hold 
title to hold real estate for future bank premises.  First Properties, Inc., also a Virginia corporation, was formed to hold title to other 
real estate owned.  

Pinnacle’s revenues are primarily derived from interest and fees received in connection with, real estate and other loans, and 
from interest and dividends from investment securities. Pinnacle also derives noninterest revenue from a variety of sources including, 
but not limited to, service charges on deposit and loan accounts, commissions and fees from the sales of investment and insurance 
products, mortgage loan fees and bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) proceeds.  The principal sources of funds for Pinnacle’s 
lending activities are its deposits, repayment of loans, maturity of investment securities, available lines of credit from correspondent 
banks, borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta (“FHLB”) and access to the Federal Reserve discount window if 
needed.   

Pinnacle’s operations are influenced by general economic conditions and by related monetary and fiscal policies of regulatory 
agencies,  including  the  Board  of  Governors  of  the  Federal  Reserve  System  (the  “Federal  Reserve”).  As  a  national  banking 
association, the Bank is supervised and examined by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the “OCC”). Interest rates on 
competing investments and general market rates of interest influence deposit flows and costs of funds. Lending activities are affected 
by the demand for financing of real estate and other types of loans, which in turn is affected by local economic conditions,   the 
interest rate environment and its impact on local demand and the availability of funds. The Bank faces strong competition in the 
attraction of deposits, its primary source of lendable funds, and in the origination of loans. 

Competition 

The banking business in central and southern Virginia is highly competitive with respect to both deposits and loans with a 
number of larger banks as well as other community banks operating in Pinnacle’s market area.  Pinnacle actively competes for all 
types of deposits and loans with other banks and nonbank financial institutions, including savings and loan associations, finance 

1 

 
companies,  credit  unions,  mortgage  companies,  insurance  companies,  financial  technology  companies,  and  other  lending 
institutions. 

Institutions such as brokerage firms, credit card companies and even retail establishments offer alternative investment vehicles 
such as money market funds as well as traditional banking services.  Other entities (both public and private) seeking to raise capital 
through the issuance and sale of debt or equity securities also represent a source of competition for Pinnacle with respect to the 
acquisition  of  deposits.    Among  the  advantages  that  the  larger  banks  have  over  Pinnacle  is  their  ability  to  finance  extensive 
advertising campaigns, to offer a wider range of products and services based on the scale of their operations, and to allocate their 
investment assets to regions of highest yield and demand over a more diverse geographic area.  Although larger banks have these 
competitive advantages over community banks, Pinnacle actively emphasizes its competitive advantage by soliciting customers who 
prefer the personal service offered by a community bank. 

Pinnacle  is  not  dependent upon  a  single  customer  or industry,  the  loss  of  which  would  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on 

Pinnacle’s financial condition.  The markets Pinnacle serves benefit from both industrial and retail diversification.  

Pinnacle believes that its prompt response to lending requests is a key factor to Pinnacle’s competitive position in markets 
served.  In addition, local decision-making and the accessibility of senior management to customers also distinguish Pinnacle from 
other area financial institutions. 

In order to compete with the other financial institutions in markets served, Pinnacle relies upon local promotional activities, 
personal  contact  by  its  directors,  officers  and  employees  and  its  ability  to  offer  specialized  services  to  customers.    Pinnacle’s 
promotional activities emphasize the advantages of dealing with a community bank. 

Common Stock and Dividends.  

Common  Stock  of  Pinnacle  is  traded  on  the  OTCQX  under  the  symbol  “PPBN.”    As  of  March  30,  2024,  there  were 
approximately 2,205,666 shares of Common Stock outstanding, which shares are held by approximately 483 active shareholders of 
record.  

Substantially all of Pinnacle’s retained earnings consist of undistributed earnings of First National Bank, which are restricted 
by  various  regulations  administered  by  federal  banking  regulatory  agencies.  Under  applicable  federal  laws,  the  OCC  restricts, 
without prior approval, the total dividend payments of First National Bank in any calendar year to the net profits of that year, as 
defined, combined with the retained net profits for the two preceding years.  

Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt  corrective action, Pinnacle and First National 
Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities and certain off-balance-sheet 
items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Pinnacle and First National Bank’s capital amounts and classification are 
also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors. 

Employees 

As of December 31, 2023, Pinnacle had 175 full-time and 8 part-time employees.  Pinnacle’s management believes that its 

employee relations are good, although recent growth and the current jobs market have presented challenges. 

Regulation and Supervision 

General.  Bank holding companies, banks and their affiliates are extensively regulated under both federal and state law. The 
following summary briefly describes significant provisions of currently applicable federal and state laws and certain regulations and 
the potential impact of such provisions. This summary is not complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the particular 
statutory or regulatory provisions or proposals. Because regulation of financial institutions changes regularly and is the subject of 
constant  legislative  and  regulatory  debate,  we  cannot  forecast  how  federal  and  state  regulation  and  supervision  of  financial 
institutions may change in the future and affect Pinnacle and First National Bank’s operations. 

As a national bank, First National Bank is subject to regulation, supervision and regular examination by the OCC. The prior 
approval of the OCC or other appropriate bank regulatory authority is required for a national bank to merge with another bank or 

2 

 
 
purchase the assets or assume the deposits of another bank. In reviewing applications seeking approval of merger and acquisition 
transactions, the bank regulatory authorities will consider, among other things, the competitive effect and public benefits of the 
transactions, the capital position of the constituent organizations and the combined organization, the risks to the stability of the U.S. 
banking  or financial  system,  the  applicant’s  performance  record  under  the  Community  Reinvestment  Act  (the  “CRA”)  and  fair 
housing initiatives, the data security and cybersecurity infrastructure of the constituent organizations and the combined organization, 
and the effectiveness of the subject organizations in combating money laundering activities.  

         The  OCC  announced  on  September  28,  2023  that  its  supervisory  strategies  for  2024  will  focus  on:  (a)  asset  and  liability 
management; (b) credit; (c) allowance for credit losses; (d) cybersecurity; (e) operations; (f) distributed ledger technology related 
activities; (g) change management; (h) payments; (i) Bank Secrecy Act/anti-money laundering/countering the financing of terrorism 
and Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”); (j) consumer compliance; (k) community reinvestment act; (l) fair lending; and 
(m) climate-related financial risks. The OCC’s 2024 supervisory plan provides the foundation for policy initiatives and supervisory 
strategies as applied to national banks, such as First National Bank, and OCC staff members use the plan to guide their priorities, 
planning, and resource allocations over the course of the coming fiscal year. 

         Each depositor’s account with First National Bank is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) to 
the maximum amount permitted by law.  

First National Bank is also subject to certain regulations promulgated by the Federal Reserve and applicable provisions of 

Virginia law, insofar as they do not conflict with or are not preempted by federal banking law. 

The regulations of the Federal Reserve, the OCC and the FDIC govern most aspects of Pinnacle’s business, including deposit 
reserve requirements, investments, loans, certain check clearing activities, issuance of securities, payment of dividends, branching, 
and  numerous  other  matters.    Further,  the  federal  bank  regulatory  agencies  have  adopted  guidelines  and  released  interpretive 
materials that establish operational and managerial standards to promote the safe and sound operation of banks and bank holding 
companies.  These standards relate to the institution’s key operating functions, including but not limited to internal controls, internal 
audit systems, loan documentation, credit underwriting, interest rate exposure, asset growth, asset quality, earnings, compensation 
of management, information systems, data security and cybersecurity, and risk management.  As a consequence of the extensive 
regulation of commercial banking activities in the United States, Pinnacle’s business is particularly susceptible to changes in state 
and federal legislation and regulations, which may have the effect of increasing the cost of doing business, limiting permissible 
activities or increasing competition. 

As a bank holding company, Pinnacle is subject to the BHCA, and regulation and supervision by the Federal Reserve. A bank 
holding company is required to obtain the approval of the Federal Reserve before making certain acquisitions or engaging in certain 
activities. Bank holding companies and their subsidiaries are also subject to restrictions on transactions with insiders and affiliates. 

A bank holding company is required to obtain the approval of the Federal Reserve before it may acquire all or substantially 
all of the assets of any bank, and before it may acquire ownership or control of the voting shares of any bank if, after giving effect 
to the acquisition, the bank holding company would own or control more than 5.0% of the voting shares of such bank. The approval 
of the Federal Reserve is also required for the merger or consolidation of bank holding companies. 

Pursuant to the BHCA, the Federal Reserve has the power to order any bank holding company or its subsidiaries to terminate 
any activity or to terminate its ownership or control of any subsidiary when the Federal Reserve has reasonable grounds to believe 
that continuation of such activity or ownership constitutes a serious risk to the financial soundness, safety or stability of any bank 
subsidiary of the bank holding company. 

Pinnacle  is  required  to  file  periodic  reports  with  the  Federal  Reserve  and  provide  any  additional  information  the  Federal 
Reserve  may  require.  The  Federal  Reserve  also  has  the  authority  to  examine  Pinnacle  and  its  subsidiaries,  as  well  as  any 
arrangements between Pinnacle and its subsidiaries, with the cost of any such examinations to be borne by Pinnacle.  Banking 
subsidiaries of bank holding companies are also subject to certain restrictions imposed by federal law in dealings with their holding 
companies and other affiliates. 

Regulatory Environment.  Banking and other financial services statutes, regulations and policies are continually under review 
by the U.S. Congress, state legislatures and federal and state regulatory agencies.  The scope of the laws and regulations, and the 

3 

 
  
 
intensity of the supervision to which the Corporation and its subsidiaries are subject, have increased in recent years, initially in 
response to the 2008 financial crisis, and more recently in light of other factors, including continued turmoil and stress in the financial 
markets, technological factors, market changes, and increased scrutiny of proposed bank mergers and acquisitions by federal and 
state bank regulators.  Regulatory enforcement and fines have also increased across the banking and financial services sector. 

Pinnacle continues to experience ongoing regulatory reform and these regulatory changes could have a significant effect on 
how Pinnacle and First National Bank conduct business.  The specific impacts of regulatory reforms, including but not limited to 
the  Dodd-Frank  Wall  Street  Reform  and  Consumer  Protection  Act  (the  Dodd  Frank  Act),  which  was  enacted  in  2010,  or  the 
Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act (the EGRRCPA), which was enacted in 2018, cannot yet be 
fully predicted and will depend to a large extent on the specific regulations that are likely to be adopted in the future. 

Capital Requirements and Prompt Corrective Action. The Federal Reserve, the OCC and the FDIC have adopted risk-based 
capital  adequacy  guidelines  for  bank  holding  companies  and  banks  pursuant  to  the  Federal  Deposit  Insurance  Corporation 
Improvement Act of 1991 (“FDICIA”) and the Basel III Capital Accords. See the “Equity” section within “Results of Operations” 
for more detail. 

The  federal  bank  regulatory  agencies  have  broad  powers  to  take  prompt  corrective  action  to  resolve  problems  of  insured 
depository  institutions.    Under the  FDICIA,  there  are  five  capital  categories applicable  to  bank  holding  companies  and  insured 
institutions, each with specific regulatory consequences. The extent of the agencies’ powers depends on whether the institution in 
question  is  “well  capitalized,”  “adequately  capitalized,”  “undercapitalized,”  “significantly  undercapitalized”  or  “critically 
undercapitalized.”  These terms are defined under uniform regulations issued by each of the federal bank regulatory agencies.  If the 
appropriate  federal  bank  regulatory  agency  determines  that  an  insured  institution  is  in  an  unsafe  or  unsound  condition,  it  may 
reclassify the institution to a lower capital category (other than critically undercapitalized) and require the submission of a plan to 
correct the unsafe or unsound condition. 

Failure to meet statutorily mandated capital guidelines or more restrictive ratios separately established for a financial institution 
could  subject  Pinnacle  and  its  subsidiaries  to  a  variety  of  enforcement  remedies,  including  issuance  of  a  capital  directive,  the 
termination of deposit insurance by the FDIC, a prohibition on accepting or renewing brokered deposits, limitations on the rates of 
interest that the institution may pay on its deposits, and other restrictions on its business.  In addition, an institution may not make 
a  capital  distribution,  such  as  a  dividend  or  other  distribution that  is in  substance  a  distribution  of capital  to  the  owners  of  the 
institution if following such a distribution the institution would be undercapitalized. Thus, if the making of such dividend would 
cause First National Bank to become undercapitalized, it could not pay a dividend to Pinnacle. 

Basel III Capital Framework. The federal bank regulatory agencies have adopted rules to implement the Basel III capital 
framework as outlined by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and standards for calculating risk-weighted assets and risk-
based  capital  measurements  (collectively,  the  “Basel  III  Capital  Rules”)  that  apply  to  banking  institutions  they  supervise.    For 
purposes of these capital rules, (i) common equity Tier 1 capital (“CET1”) consists principally of common stock (including surplus) 
and retained earnings; (ii) Tier 1 capital consists principally of CET1 plus non-cumulative preferred stock and related surplus, and 
certain  grandfathered  cumulative  preferred  stock  and  trust  preferred  securities;  and  (iii)  Tier  2  capital  consists  of  other  capital 
instruments, principally qualifying subordinated debt and preferred stock, and limited amounts of an institution’s allowance for 
credit losses.  Each regulatory capital classification is subject to certain adjustments and limitations, as implemented by the Basel 
III Capital Rules.  The Basel III  Capital Rules also establish risk weightings that are applied to many classes of assets held by 
community banks, including, importantly, applying higher risk weightings to certain commercial real estate loans. 

The  Basel  III  Capital  Rules  also  include  a  requirement  that  banks  maintain  additional  capital  (the  “capital  conservation 
buffer”).  As fully phased in, the Basel III Capital Rules require banks and bank holding companies to maintain (i) a minimum ratio 
of CET1 to risk-weighted assets of at least 4.5%, plus a 2.5% capital conservation buffer (which is added to the 4.5% CET1 ratio, 
effectively resulting in a minimum ratio of CET1 to risk-weighted assets of at least 7.0%), (ii) a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to 
risk-weighted assets of at least 6.0%, plus the capital conservation buffer (which is added to the 6.0% Tier 1 capital ratio, effectively 
resulting in a minimum Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5%), (iii) a minimum ratio of total (that is, Tier 1 plus Tier 2) capital to risk-weighted 
assets of at least 8.0%, plus the capital conservation buffer (which is added to the 8.0% total capital ratio, effectively resulting in a 
minimum total capital ratio of 10.5%) and (iv) a minimum leverage ratio of 4%, calculated as the ratio of Tier 1 capital to average 
total assets, subject to certain adjustments and limitations. 

4 

 
The  Basel  III  Capital  Rules  provide  deductions  from  and  adjustments  to  regulatory  capital  measures,  primarily  to  CET1, 
including deductions and adjustments that were not applied to reduce CET1 under historical regulatory capital rules.  For example, 
mortgage servicing rights, deferred tax assets dependent upon future taxable income and significant investments in non-consolidated 
financial entities must be deducted from CET1 to the extent that any one such category exceeds 25.0% of CET1. 

         In July 2023 , the Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC issued proposed rules to implement the final components of the Basel 
III agreement, often known as the “Basel III endgame.”  These proposed rules contain provisions that apply to banks with $100 
billion or more in total assets and that will significantly alter how those banks calculate risk-based assets.  These proposed rules do 
not apply to holding companies or banks with less than $100 billion in assets, such as Pinnacle or First National Bank, but the final 
impacts of these rules cannot yet be predicted.  The comment window for these proposed rules closed on November 30, 2023. 

      The  capital  ratios  described  above  are  the  minimum  levels  that  the  federal  bank  regulatory  agencies  expect.  Federal  bank 
regulatory agencies have the discretion to require an institution to maintain higher capital levels based upon its concentrations of 
loans, the risk of its lending or other activities, the performance of its loan and investment portfolios and other factors. Failure to 
maintain such higher capital expectations imposed at the supervisory discretion of federal bank regulatory agencies could result in 
a lower composite regulatory rating, which would impact the institution’s deposit insurance premiums and could affect its ability to 
borrow and costs of borrowing, and could result in additional or more severe enforcement actions. In respect of institutions  with 
high concentrations of loans in areas deemed to be higher risk, or during periods of significant economic stress, regulators may 
require an institution to maintain a higher level of capital, and/or to maintain more stringent risk management measures, than those 
required by these regulations. 

Small Bank Holding Company. The EGRRCPA also expanded the category of bank holding companies that may rely on the 
Federal Reserve Board’s Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement by raising the maximum amount of assets a qualifying 
bank holding company may have from $1 billion to $3 billion. Bank holding companies with less than $3 billion in assets may rely 
on the Federal Reserve Board's Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement.  In addition to meeting the asset threshold, a bank 
holding company must not engage in significant nonbanking activities, not conduct significant off-balance sheet activities, and not 
have a material amount of debt or equity securities outstanding and be registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the 
"SEC") (subject to certain exceptions). The Federal Reserve Board may, in its discretion, exclude any bank holding company from 
the application of the Small Bank Holding Company Policy Statement if such action is warranted for supervisory purposes. 

In August 2018, the Federal Reserve Board issued an interim final rule to apply the Small Bank Holding Company Policy 
Statement to bank holding companies with consolidated total assets of less than $3 billion. The policy statement, which, among 
other things, exempts certain bank holding companies from minimum consolidated regulatory capital ratios that apply to other bank 
holding companies. As a result of the interim final rule, which was effective August 30, 2018, Pinnacle expects that it will be treated 
as a small bank holding company and will not be subject to regulatory capital requirements. The comment period on the interim 
final rule closed on October 29, 2018 and, to date, the Federal Reserve has not issued a final rule to replace the interim final rule. 
First National Bank remains subject to the regulatory capital requirements described above. 

Limits on Dividends. Pinnacle is a legal entity that is separate and distinct from First National Bank. A significant portion of 
Pinnacle’s revenues result from dividends paid to it by First National Bank. Both Pinnacle and First National Bank are subject to 
laws and regulations that limit the payment of dividends, including limits on the sources of dividends and requirements to maintain 
capital at or above regulatory minimums. Federal Reserve supervisory guidance indicates that the Federal Reserve may have safety 
and soundness concerns if a bank holding company pays dividends that exceed earnings for the period in which the dividend is 
being paid. Generally, dividends paid by First National Bank during a year may not exceed the sum of the bank’s net income in that 
year and the bank’s retained earnings of the immediately preceding two calendar years without prior approval of the OCC.  Further, 
the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (the “FDIA”) prohibits insured depository institutions such as First National Bank from making 
capital distributions, including paying dividends, if, after making such distribution, the institution would become undercapitalized 
as defined in the statute. The OCC may prevent First National Bank from paying a dividend if the OCC concludes such dividend 
would be an unsafe or unsound banking practice. We do not expect that any of these laws, regulations or policies will materially 
affect the ability of Pinnacle or First National Bank to pay dividends. 

Insurance of Accounts, Assessments and Regulation by the FDIC.  First National Bank’s deposits are insured by the Deposit 
Insurance  Fund  (the  “DIF”)  of  the  FDIC  up  to  the  standard  maximum  insurance  amount  for  each  deposit insurance  ownership 
category. The basic limit on FDIC deposit insurance coverage is $250,000 per depositor. Under the FDIA, the FDIC may terminate 

5 

 
 
 
  
deposit  insurance  upon  a  finding  that  the  institution  has  engaged  in  unsafe  and  unsound  practices,  is  in  an  unsafe  or  unsound 
condition to continue operations as an insured institution, or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, order or condition 
imposed by the FDIC, subject to administrative and potential judicial hearing and review processes.  Management is aware of no 
existing circumstances that could result in termination of the Bank's deposit insurance. 

Deposit Insurance Assessments.  The DIF is funded by assessments on banks and other depository institutions calculated 
based on average consolidated total assets minus average tangible equity (defined as Tier 1 capital). As required by the Dodd-Frank 
Act, the FDIC has adopted a large-bank pricing assessment scheme, set a target “designated reserve ratio” (described in more detail 
below) of 2.0% for the DIF and, in lieu of dividends, provides for a lower assessment rate schedule when the reserve ratio reaches 
2.0% and 2.5%. An institution’s assessment rate is based on a statistical analysis of financial ratios that estimates the likelihood of 
failure over a three-year period, which considers the institution’s weighted average capital adequacy, assets, management capability, 
earnings, liquidity, and sensitivity (“CAMELS”) component rating, and is subject to further adjustments including those related to 
levels of unsecured debt and brokered deposits (not applicable to banks with less than $10 billion in assets).  On December 31, 2023, 
total base assessment rates for institutions that have been insured for at least five years range from 2.5 to 32 basis points applying 
to banks with less than $10 billion in assets. 

The Dodd-Frank Act transferred to the FDIC increased discretion with regard to managing the required amount of reserves for 
the DIF, or the “designated reserve ratio.” The FDIA requires that the FDIC consider the appropriate level for the designated reserve 
ratio  on at  least an annual basis.  On  October  18,  2022,  the  FDIC  adopted a final rule to  increase  initial base deposit insurance 
assessment rate schedules uniformly by 2 bps, beginning in the first quarterly assessment period of 2023. This increase in assessment 
rate schedules is intended to increase the likelihood that the reserve ratio reaches 1.35% by the statutory deadline of September 30, 
2028. The new assessment rate schedules will remain in effect unless and until the reserve ratio meets or exceeds 2%. Progressively 
lower assessment rate schedules will take effect when the reserve ratio reaches 2%, and again when it reaches 2.5%.  

          In November 2023, the FDIC issued a final rule to implement a special DIF assessment following the FDIC’s use of the 
“systemic risk” exception to the least-cost resolution test in connection with the failures and resolutions of Silicon Valley Bank and 
Signature Bank.  Banks with less than $5 billion of uninsured deposits, such as First National Bank, are exempt from this special 
assessment. 

         Certain Transactions by Insured Banks with their Affiliates. There are statutory restrictions related to the extent bank holding 
companies and their non-bank subsidiaries may borrow, obtain credit from or otherwise engage in “covered transactions” with their 
insured depository institution (i.e., banking) subsidiaries. In general, an “affiliate” of a bank includes the bank’s parent  holding 
company and any subsidiary thereof. However, an “affiliate” does not generally include the bank’s operating subsidiaries. A bank 
(and its subsidiaries) may not lend money to, or engage in other covered transactions with, its non-bank affiliates if the aggregate 
amount of covered transactions outstanding involving the bank, plus the proposed transaction, exceeds the following limits: (a) in 
the case of any one such affiliate, the aggregate amount of covered transactions of the bank and its subsidiaries cannot exceed 10.0% 
of the bank’s capital stock and surplus; and (b) in the case of all affiliates, the aggregate amount of covered transactions of the bank 
and its subsidiaries cannot exceed 20.0% of the bank’s capital stock and surplus. “Covered transactions” are defined to include a 
loan or extension of credit to an affiliate, a purchase of or investment in securities issued by an affiliate, a purchase of assets from 
an affiliate, the acceptance of securities issued by an affiliate as collateral for a loan or extension of credit to any person or company, 
the issuance of a guarantee, acceptance or letter of credit on behalf of an affiliate, securities borrowing or lending transactions with 
an affiliate that creates a credit exposure to such affiliate, or a derivatives transaction with an affiliate that creates a credit exposure 
to such affiliate. Certain covered transactions are also subject to collateral security requirements. 

Covered transactions as well as other types of transactions between a bank and a bank holding company must be on market 
terms, which means that the transaction must be conducted on terms and under circumstances that are substantially the same, or at 
least as favorable to the bank, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with or involving non-affiliates or, in the 
absence  of  comparable  transactions,  that  in  good  faith  would  be  offered  to  or  would  apply  to  non-affiliates.  Moreover,  certain 
amendments to the BHCA provide that, to further competition, a bank holding company and its subsidiaries are prohibited from 
engaging in certain tying arrangements in connection with any extension of credit, lease or sale of property of any kind, or furnishing 
of any service. 

6 

 
 
  
 
Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta. First National Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (the “FHLB”) of 
Atlanta, which is one of 12 regional FHLBs that provide funding to their members for making housing loans as well as for affordable 
housing and community development loans. Each FHLB serves as a reserve, or central bank, for the members within its assigned 
region. Each FHLB makes loans to members in accordance with policies and procedures established by the Board of Directors of 
the FHLB. As a member, First National Bank must purchase and maintain stock in the FHLB. Additional information related to 
First National Bank’s FHLB stock can be found in Note 1(d) to Pinnacle’s consolidated financial statements attached hereto.  

Community Reinvestment Act. Pinnacle is subject to the requirements of the CRA, which imposes on financial institutions an 
affirmative  and  ongoing  obligation  to  meet  the  credit  needs  of  their  local  communities,  including  low  and  moderate-income 
neighborhoods,  consistent  with  the  safe  and  sound  operation  of  those  institutions.  A  financial  institution’s  efforts  in  meeting 
community  credit  needs  are  assessed  based  on  specified  factors.    These  factors  are  also  considered  in  evaluating  mergers, 
acquisitions and applications to open a branch or facility. At its last evaluation in 2023, First National Bank received a “Satisfactory” 
CRA rating. 

     On October 24, 2023, the federal bank regulatory agencies jointly issued a final rule to modernize CRA regulations consistent 
with the following key goals: (1) to encourage banks to expand access to credit, investment, and banking services in low to moderate 
incoming communities; (2) to adapt to changes in the banking industry, including internet and mobile banking and the growth of 
non-branch delivery systems; (3) to provide greater clarity and consistency in the application of the CRA regulations, including 
adoption of a new metrics-based approach to evaluating bank retail lending and community development financing; and (4) to tailor 
CRA evaluations and data collection to bank size and type, recognizing that differences in bank size and business models may 
impact CRA evaluations and qualifying activities. Most of the final CRA rule’s requirements will be applicable beginning January 
1, 2026, with certain requirements, including the data reporting requirements, applicable as of January 1, 2027. First National Bank 
is evaluating the expected impact of the modified CRA regulations, but currently does not anticipate any material impact to its 
business, operations or financial condition due to the modified CRA regulations. 

Confidentiality and Required Disclosures of Consumer Information. Pinnacle is subject to various laws and regulations that 
address the privacy of nonpublic personal financial information of consumers. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act and certain regulations 
issued  thereunder  protect  against  the  transfer  and  use  by  financial  institutions  of  consumer  nonpublic  personal  information.  A 
financial institution must provide its customers, at the beginning of the customer relationship and annually thereafter, the institution’s 
policies and procedures regarding the handling of customers’ nonpublic personal financial information. These privacy provisions 
generally prohibit a financial institution from providing a customer’s personal financial information to unaffiliated third parties 
unless the institution discloses to the customer that the information may be so provided and the customer is given the opportunity 
to opt out of such disclosure. 

Certain exceptions may apply to the requirement to deliver an annual privacy notice based on how a financial institution limits 
sharing of nonpublic personal information, and whether the institution’s disclosure practices or policies have changed in certain 
ways since the last privacy notice that was delivered.  

Pinnacle is also subject to various laws and regulations that attempt to combat money laundering and terrorist financing. The 
Bank Secrecy Act requires all financial institutions to, among other things, create a system of controls designed to prevent money 
laundering and the financing of terrorism, and imposes recordkeeping and reporting requirements. The USA Patriot Act facilitates 
information  sharing  among  governmental  entities  and  financial  institutions  for  the  purpose  of  combating  terrorism  and  money 
laundering, and requires financial institutions to establish anti-money laundering programs. OFAC, which is a division of the U.S. 
Department  of  the  Treasury,  is  responsible  for  helping  to  ensure  that  United  States  entities  do  not  engage  in  transactions  with 
“enemies” of the United States, as defined by various Executive Orders and Acts of Congress. If First National Bank finds a name 
of an “enemy” of the United States on any transaction, account or wire transfer that is on an OFAC list, it must freeze such account 
or place transferred funds into a blocked account, file a suspicious activity report with the Treasury and notify the Federal Bureau 
of Investigation. 

Although  these  laws  and  programs  impose  compliance  costs  and  create  privacy  obligations  and,  in  some  cases,  reporting 
obligations, and compliance with all of the laws, programs, and privacy and reporting obligations may require significant resources 
of Pinnacle and First National Bank, these laws and programs do not materially affect First National Bank’s products, services or 
other business activities. 

7 

 
 
Cybersecurity. The federal bank regulatory agencies have adopted guidelines for establishing information security standards 
and cybersecurity programs for implementing safeguards under the supervision of a financial institution’s board of directors. These 
guidelines, along with related regulatory materials, increasingly focus on risk management and processes related to information 
technology and the use of third parties in the provision of financial products and services. The federal bank regulatory agencies 
expect financial institutions to establish lines of defense and ensure that their risk management processes also address the risk posed 
by  compromised  customer  credentials,  and  also expect  financial  institutions to maintain  sufficient  business  continuity  planning 
processes to ensure rapid recovery, resumption and maintenance of the institution’s operations after a cyber-attack. If Pinnacle or 
First National Bank fails to meet the expectations set forth in this regulatory guidance, Pinnacle or First National Bank could be 
subject to various regulatory actions and any remediation efforts may require significant resources of Pinnacle or First National 
Bank. In addition, all federal and state bank regulatory agencies continue to increase focus on cybersecurity programs and risks as 
part of regular supervisory exams and the federal bank regulatory agencies have adopted rules to require a banking organization to 
notify its primary regulator no later than 36 hours after the banking organization determines a material cyber event has occurred and 
impose other related obligations. 

      If Pinnacle or First National Bank fail to meet regulatory expectations, each could be subject to various regulatory sanctions, 
including financial penalties and may be required to perform remediation efforts that demand significant resources. To date, neither 
Pinnacle nor First National Bank have experienced a significant compromise, significant data loss or any material financial losses 
related to cybersecurity attacks, but our respective systems (and those of our customers and third-party service providers) are under 
constant threat and it is possible that a significant event could occur in the future. Risks and exposures related to cybersecurity 
attacks are expected to remain high for the foreseeable future due to the rapidly evolving nature and sophistication of these threats, 
as well as due to the expanding use of Internet banking, mobile banking and other technology-based products and services by First 
National Bank and its customers. 

Consumer  Laws  and  Regulations.  Pinnacle  is  also  subject  to  certain  consumer  laws  and  regulations  that  are  designed  to 
protect consumers in transactions with banks. While the list set forth herein is not exhaustive, these laws and regulations include the 
Truth in Lending Act, the Truth in Savings Act, the Electronic Funds Transfer Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Credit 
Reporting Act and the Fair Housing Act, among others. These laws and regulations mandate certain disclosure requirements and 
regulate the  manner in  which  financial  institutions  transact  business  with customers.  Pinnacle  must comply  with the  applicable 
provisions of these consumer protection laws and regulations as part of its ongoing customer relations. 

The  Consumer  Financial  Protection  Bureau  (the  “CFPB”)  is  the  federal  regulatory  agency  responsible  for  implementing, 
examining and enforcing compliance with federal consumer financial laws for institutions with more than $10 billion of assets and, 
to a lesser extent, smaller institutions. The CFPB supervises and regulates providers of consumer financial products and services 
and has rulemaking authority in connection with numerous federal consumer financial protection laws (for example, but not limited 
to, the Truth in Lending Act and the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act).  As a smaller institution (i.e., with assets of $10 billion 
or less), most consumer protection aspects of the Dodd-Frank Act will continue to be applied to Pinnacle by the Federal Reserve 
and to First National Bank by the OCC. However, the CFPB may include its own examiners in regulatory examinations by a smaller 
institution’s  prudential  regulators  and  may  require  smaller  institutions  to  comply  with  certain  CFPB  reporting  requirements.  In 
addition,  regulatory  positions  taken  by  the  CFPB  and  administrative  and  legal  precedents  established  by  CFPB  enforcement 
activities, including in connection with supervision of larger bank holding companies and banks, could influence how the Federal 
Reserve and the OCC apply consumer protection laws and regulations to financial institutions that are not directly supervised by the 
CFPB.  

             While Pinnacle and First National Bank continue to monitor the CFPB’s rulemaking actions, the precise effect of the CFPB’s 
consumer protection activities on Pinnacle and First National Bank cannot be forecast at this time.  

Mortgage  Banking  Regulation.    In  connection  with  making  mortgage  loans,  First  National  Bank  is  subject  to  rules  and 
regulations that, among other things, establish standards for loan origination, prohibit discrimination, provide for inspections and 
appraisals of property, require credit reports on prospective borrowers, in some cases, restrict certain loan features and fix maximum 
interest rates and fees, require the disclosure of certain basic information to mortgagors concerning credit and settlement costs, limit 
payment for settlement services to the reasonable value of the services rendered and require the maintenance and disclosure of 
information regarding the disposition of mortgage applications based on race, gender, geographical distribution and income level. 
First National Bank’s mortgage origination activities are subject to the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, Truth in Lending Act, Home 

8 

 
 
 
Mortgage Disclosure Act, Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, and Home Ownership Equity Protection Act, and the regulations 
promulgated under these acts, among other additional state and federal laws, regulations and rules. 

First National Bank’s mortgage origination activities are also subject to Regulation Z, which implements the Truth in Lending 
Act.  Certain provisions of Regulation Z require mortgage lenders to make a reasonable and good faith determination, based on 
verified  and  documented  information,  that  a  consumer  applying  for  a  mortgage  loan  has  a  reasonable  ability  to  repay  the  loan 
according to its terms. Alternatively, mortgage lenders can originate “qualified mortgages”, which are generally defined as mortgage 
loans without negative amortization, interest-only payments, balloon payments, terms exceeding 30 years, and points and fees paid 
by a consumer equal to or less than 3.0% of the total loan amount. Under the EGRRCPA, most residential mortgages loans originated 
and  held  in  portfolio  by  a  bank  with  less  than  $10  billion  in assets  will  be  designated  as  “qualified  mortgages.”  Higher-priced 
qualified mortgages (e.g., subprime loans) receive a rebuttable presumption of compliance with ability-to-repay rules, and other 
qualified mortgages (e.g., prime loans) are deemed to comply with the ability-to-repay rules.  

Call Reports and Examination Cycle. All institutions, regardless of size, submit a quarterly call report that includes data used 
by federal bank regulatory agencies to monitor the condition, performance, and risk profile of individual institutions and the industry 
as a whole. The EGRRCPA contained provisions expanding the number of regulated institutions eligible to use streamlined call 
report forms. In June 2019, the federal bank regulatory agencies issued a final rule to permit insured depository institutions with 
total assets of less than $5 billion that do not engage in certain complex or international activities to file the most streamlined version 
of the quarterly call report. 

In December 2018, consistent with the provisions of the EGRRCPA, the federal bank regulatory agencies jointly adopted final 
rules that permit banks with up to $3 billion in total assets, that received a composite CAMELS rating of “1” or “2,” and that meet 
certain other criteria (including not having undergone any change in control during the previous 12-month period, and not being 
subject to a formal enforcement proceeding or order), to qualify for an 18-month on-site examination cycle. 

Effect of Governmental Monetary Policies.  As with other financial institutions, the earnings of Pinnacle and First National 
Bank are affected by general economic conditions as well as by the monetary policies of the Federal Reserve. Such policies, which 
include regulating the national supply of bank reserves and bank credit, can have a major effect upon the source and cost of funds 
and the rates of return earned on loans and investments. The Federal Reserve exerts a substantial influence on interest rates  and 
credit conditions, primarily through establishing target rates for federal funds, open market operations in U.S. Government securities, 
varying the discount rate on member bank borrowings and setting cash reserve requirements against deposits. Changes in monetary 
policy, including changes in interest rates, will influence the origination of loans, the purchase of investments, the  generation of 
deposits, and rates received on loans and investment securities and paid on deposits. Fluctuations in the Federal Reserve’s monetary 
policies have had a significant impact on the operating results of Pinnacle and First National Bank and are expected to continue to 
do so in the future. 

Future  Regulation.  From  time  to  time,  various  legislative  and  regulatory  initiatives  are  introduced  in  Congress  and  state 
legislatures, as well as by regulatory agencies. Such initiatives may include proposals to expand or contract the powers of bank 
holding companies and depository institutions or proposals to substantially change the financial institution regulatory system. Such 
legislation  could  change  banking  statutes  and  the  operating  environment  of  Pinnacle  in  substantial  and  unpredictable  ways.  If 
enacted, such legislation could increase or decrease the cost of doing business, limit or expand permissible activities or affect the 
competitive  balance  among  banks,  savings  associations,  credit  unions,  and  other  financial  institutions.  Pinnacle  cannot  predict 
whether any such legislation will be enacted, and, if enacted, the effect that it, or any implementing regulations, would have on the 
financial condition or results of operations of Pinnacle. A change in statutes, regulations or regulatory policies applicable to Pinnacle 
or First National Bank could have a material effect on our business.

9 

 
First National Bank Full-Service Office Locations 

Location 
Altavista Main Corporate Headquarters 

Amherst Branch 

Brosville Station Branch 

Charlottesville Ivy Road Branch 

Chatham Branch 

Danville Airport Branch 

Danville Main Branch 

Downtown Lynchburg Branch 

Forest Branch 

Graves Mill Road Branch 

Lynchburg Airport Branch 

Mt. Hermon Branch 

Odd Fellows Road Branch 

Old Forest Road Branch 

Riverside Branch 

Rustburg Branch 

Timberlake Branch 

Vista Branch 

Address 
622 Broad Street 
Altavista, Virginia 24517 
130 South Main Street 
Amherst, Virginia 24521 
10370 Martinsville Highway 
Brosville, Virginia 24541 
2208 Ivy Road 
Charlottesville, Virginia 22903 
55 North Main Street 
Chatham, Virginia 24531 
1312 South Boston Road  
Danville, Virginia 24540 
336 Main Street, 
Danville, Virginia 24541                                
800 Main Street 
Lynchburg, Virginia 24504 
14417 Forest Road 
Forest, Virginia 24551 
18077 Forest Road 
Forest, Virginia 24521 
14580 Wards Road 
Lynchburg, Virginia 24502 
4080 Franklin Turnpike 
Danville, Virginia 24540 
3401 Odd Fellows Road 
Lynchburg, Virginia 24501 
3321 Old Forest Road 
Lynchburg, Virginia 24501 
2600 Riverside Drive 
Danville, Virginia 24540 
1033 Village Highway 
Rustburg, Virginia 24588 
20865 Timberlake Road 
Lynchburg, Virginia 24502 
1303 N. Main Street 
Altavista, Virginia 24517 

Phone 
(434) 369-3000 

(434) 946-7814 

(434) 483-6606 

(434) 290-3498 

(434) 483-6604 

(434) 483-6003 

(434) 483-6600 

(434) 485-5999 

(434) 534-0451 

(434) 473-6600 

(434)-237-3788 

(434) 483-6605 

(434) 333-6801 

(434) 385-4432 

(434) 483-6601 

(434) 332-1742 

(434) 237-7936 

(434) 369-3001 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pinnacle Bankshares Corporation  
Results of Operations  
(In thousands, except ratios, share and per share data) 

Net Income.   Pinnacle generated record high net income of $9,762 for 2023, which represents a $1,520, or 18.44%, increase 
as compared to net income of $8,242 for 2022.  The increase in net income for 2023 was driven by higher net interest income and 
higher  noninterest  income  partially  offset  by  higher  noninterest  expense.    Pinnacle  benefited  from  the  higher  interest  rate 
environment in 2023 that led to higher yields on earning assets, which offset an increase in its cost of funds.   Noninterest income 
increased in 2023 compared to 2022 due to an increase in bank-owned life insurance ("BOLI") returns.  The increase in noninterest 
expense was due mainly to higher salary and benefits, core operating system expense and occupancy expenses. 

 Profitability.  Profitability as measured by Pinnacle’s return on average assets was 1.00% for 2023, which is an 18 basis 
points increase from the 0.82% produced in 2022.  Return on average equity increased in 2023 to 15.69%, compared to 14.62% for 
the prior year.        

The following table presents certain financial ratios for periods indicated.  

RETURN ON AVERAGE ASSETS AND EQUITY 

Return on average assets 
Return on average equity 
Dividend payout ratio 
Average equity to average assets 

Year ended 
December 31, 2023 

Year ended 
December 31, 2022 

Year ended 
December 31, 2021 

1.00   % 
15.69   % 
19.10   % 
6.35   % 

0.82 % 
14.62 % 
16.11 % 
5.64 % 

0.47 % 
7.31 % 
27.06 % 
6.46 % 

 Net Interest Income.  Net interest income represents the principal source of earnings for Pinnacle.  Net interest income is the 
amount by which interest and fees generated from loans, securities and other interest-bearing assets exceed the interest expense 
associated  with  funding  those  assets.    Changes  in  the  amounts  and  composition  of  interest-bearing  liabilities,  as  well  as  their 
respective yields and rates, have a significant impact on the level of net interest income.  Changes in the interest rate environment 
and Pinnacle’s cost of funds also affect net interest income. 

Pinnacle produced $33,172 in net interest income in 2023, which represents a $2,732, or 8.98%, increase as compared to the 
$30,440  generated  in  2022  as  the  Company  benefited  from  higher  yields on  average  earning  assets.    Interest  income  increased 
$10,100, or 31.77%, in 2023, due to higher yields on earning assets, which was 4.44% in 2023 compared to 3.32% in 2022. Interest 
expense increased $7,368, or 546.59%, during the same period due to higher cost to fund earning assets, which was 0.92% for 2023 
compared to 0.14% in 2022.     

The net interest spread decreased to 3.05% in 2023 from 3.10% in 2022.  In 2023, Pinnacle’s cost of interest-bearing deposits 
increased more than the increase in asset yields causing a lower interest rate spread.  Pinnacle’s cost of interest-bearing deposits was 
128 basis points higher in 2023 than in 2022 due to a higher interest rate environment.   

Pinnacle’s net interest margin increased to 3.52% in 2023 from 3.18% in 2022.  The higher net interest margin was due to 
higher yields from loans and investments as a result of the higher interest rate environment in 2023.  Upward loan and investment 
repricing and loans made at higher rates in 2023 led to an increase in asset yields partially offset by the increase in time deposits at 
increased offered rates which increased the cost to fund earning assets.   Pinnacle attempts to improve net interest margin by product 
pricing strategies, such as attracting deposits with longer maturities when rates are relatively low and attracting deposits with shorter 
maturities when rates are relatively high, all depending on our funding needs.  While there is no guarantee of how rates may change 
in 2024, Pinnacle will price products that are competitive in the market, allow for growth and strive to maintain the net interest 
margin as much as possible.  Pinnacle also continues to seek new sources of noninterest income to combat the effects of volatility 
in the interest rate environment. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for Credit Losses. Pinnacle’s provision for credit losses was $70 for 2023 representing a $120, or 63.16%, decrease 
as  compared  to  $190  for  2022.    Asset  quality  remained  very  strong  in  2023  with  the  Company  experiencing  only  $34  in  net 
chargeoffs for the year as compared to incurring $51 in net recoveries from charged off loans for 2022.  Pinnacle's nonperforming 
loans  were  $1,557  as  of  December  31,  2023,  a  decrease  compared  to  $1,695  as  of  December  31,  2022.    Correspondingly,  the 
Company's nonperforming loans-to-total loans ratio decreased to 0.24% as of December 31, 2023 from 0.27% as of the prior year-
end.  Pinnacle could experience some credit quality deterioration in its loan portfolio in 2024 due to the impact of inflationary 
pressures and the higher interest rate environment on borrowers. The Company continues to work to minimize its losses from its 
loan portfolio by practicing conservative and diligent loan underwriting practices.   

Noninterest Income.  Noninterest income increased $941, or 13.40%, in 2023 to $7,964 from $7,023 in 2022. The increase is 
primarily  due  to  a  $1,431  increase  in  BOLI  returns,  a  $61  increase  in  merchant  card  fees  and  a  $38  increase  in  insurance  and 
investment sales commissions.  These increases were partially offset by a $402 decrease in fees generated from sales of mortgage 
loans,  a  $107  decrease  in  service  charges  on  loan  accounts  and  a  $66  decrease  in  income  derived  from  ownership  in  Bankers 
Insurance, LLC. 

Noninterest  Expense.    Noninterest  expense  increased  $2,043,  or  7.50%,  in  2023  to  $29,280  from  $27,237  in  2022.    The 
increase is primarily attributed to an $862 increase in salaries and employee benefits, a $748 increase in core operating system 
expenses that included a one-time charge of $402, a $243 increase in occupancy expenses, a $165 increase in legal expenses, and a 
$79 increase in audit and accounting fees.    

Income  Tax  Expense.  Income  taxes  on  2023  earnings  amounted  to  $2,024,  resulting  in  an  effective  tax  rate  of  17.17%, 
compared to $1,794, and an effective tax rate of 17.88% in 2022. The income tax rate decreased in 2023 due to $1,364 in nontaxable 
BOLI benefit proceeds. 

Assets.  Total assets as of December 31, 2023 were $1,016,528, up $46,597, or 4.80% from $969,931 as of December 31, 
2022.  The principal components of Pinnacle’s assets as of December 31, 2023 were $87,589 in cash and cash equivalents,  $641,437 
in total gross loans and $233,579 in investment securities.   

Cash and Cash Equivalents.  Cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2023, totaled $87,589 which is an increase of  
$51,068, or 139.83%, from $36,521, as of December 31, 2022 This increase was driven by an influx of deposits, occurring mainly 
in December of 2023, combining with maturing securities, which resulted in Pinnacle's strong liquidity position.  

Securities.  Pinnacle’s investment portfolio is used primarily for investment income and secondarily for liquidity purposes. 
Pinnacle invests funds not used for lending purposes or capital expenditures in securities of the U.S. Government and its agencies, 
mortgage-backed  securities,  taxable  and  tax-exempt  municipal  bonds,  and  certificates  of  deposit.  Obligations  of  the  U.S. 
Government  and  its  agencies  include  treasury  notes  and  callable  or  noncallable  agency  bonds.  The  mortgage-backed  securities 
include mortgage-backed security pools that are diverse as to interest rates. Pinnacle has not invested in derivatives. 

Investment  securities  as  of  December  31,  2023,  totaled  $233,579,  a  decrease  of  $17,535,  or  6.98%,  from  $251,114  as  of 
December 31, 2022 due primarily to $16,127 in maturities and no purchases during 2023 as the Company sought to preserve its 
liquidity position and benefit from higher rates on Federal funds sold.  Available-for-sale investments decreased to $233,579 as of 
December 31, 2023 from $241,172 as of December 31, 2022, a decrease of $7,593, or 3.15%. Held-to-maturity investment securities 
decreased to $0 as of December 31, 2023 from $9,942 as of December 31, 2022.   

 Loans.    Total  loans  as  of  December  31,  2023,  totaled  $641,437,  an  increase  of  $8,541,  or  1.35%,  from  $632,896,  as  of 
December 31, 2022 with the increase driven by higher volumes of commercial and consumer automobile loans.  Pinnacle’s net loans 
were $636,288 as of December 31, 2023, an increase of $7,817, or 1.24%, from $628,471 as of December 31, 2022.  Loan demand 
was challenging in 2023 due to higher interest rates,  housing inventory shortages, and inflation. Pinnacle’s ratio of net loans to total 
deposits was 68.24% as of December 31, 2023 compared to 69.89% as of December 31, 2022.  

        Allowance for Credit Losses.  The allowance for credit losses was $4,511 as of December 31, 2023, which represented 0.70% 
of total loans outstanding. In comparison, the allowance for credit losses was $3,853, or 0.61% of total loans outstanding as of 
December 31, 2022.  Pinnacle's ASC 326 current expected credit loss ("CECL") adjustment was $561 ($443 net of tax) as of January 
1, 2023.    

12 

 
  
 
 
 
        Bank Premises and Equipment.  Bank premises and equipment decreased $245, or 1.13%, in 2023 due to depreciation expense 
being offset partially by improvements made to several branches.  Pinnacle was leasing the Downtown Lynchburg, Amherst and 
Charlottesville facilities and leasing land for the Riverside Branch in Danville as of December 31, 2023.   

       Liabilities. Total liabilities as of December 31, 2023 were $948,123, up $35,200, or 3.86%, from $912,923, as of December 31, 
2022.  The increase in liabilities was driven by an increase in total deposits which mainly occurred in December of 2023.   

       Deposits.  The levels of demand deposits (including retail accounts) are influenced by such factors as customer service, service 
charges and the availability of banking services. No assurance can be given that Pinnacle will be able to maintain its current level 
of demand deposits. Competition from other banks and nonbank financial institutions, such as credit unions, some of which offer 
interest rates substantially higher than Pinnacle, could make it difficult for Pinnacle to maintain the current level of demand deposits. 
Management  continually  works  to  implement  pricing  and  marketing  strategies  designed  to  control  the  cost  of  interest-bearing 
deposits and to maintain a stable deposit composition. 

Total deposits increased $33,206, or 3.69%, to $932,444 as of December 31, 2023 from $899,238 at  December 31, 2022.  
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits decreased $17,331, or 6.04%, and represented 28.90% of total deposits as of December 31, 
2023, compared to 31.90% as of December 31, 2022. Savings and NOW accounts decreased $15,749, or 3.08%, and represented 
53.22% of total deposits as of December 31, 2023, compared to 56.49% as of December 31, 2022.  Time deposits increased $66,286 
or 66.03% and represented 17.87% of total deposits as of December 31, 2023, compared to 11.16% as of December 31, 2022 as a 
result of customers preferring time deposit accounts due to an increase in interest rates offered.  Pinnacle had no brokered deposits 
as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. 

Average deposits were $905,683 for 2023, a decrease of $22,301, or 2.40% compared to $927,984 in average deposits for 
2022.  For 2023, average demand deposits were $281,108, or 31.04% of average deposits compared to $313,830, or 33.82% of 
average deposits in 2022. Average interest-bearing deposits were $624,575, or 68.96% of average deposits for 2023 compared to 
$614,154 or 66.18% of average deposits, in 2022.  Deposit growth was minimal through the first three quarters of 2023.  Pinnacle 
experienced much of its deposit growth in the last two months of 2023, which was primarily driven by deposits of public entities.  

       Equity.    Total  stockholders’  equity  as  of  December  31,  2023  was  $68,405  and  consisted  primarily  of  $62,069  in  retained 
earnings.  In comparison, as of December 31, 2022, total stockholders’ equity was $57,008.  The $11,397 increase in stockholders’ 
equity resulted primarily from net income of $9,762 less dividends paid to shareholders of $1,864 and a $3,911 decrease in Pinnacle's 
unrealized accumulated other comprehensive losses on its available for sale securities portfolio as values improved in the second 
half of 2023; partially offset by a $297 increase in unrealized accumulated other comprehensive losses on its pension plan assets.  
Dividends paid to shareholders were $0.85 per share paid in 2023 up from $0.61 per share paid in 2022.  Both Pinnacle and First 
National Bank remain “well capitalized” per all regulatory definitions. 

In  July  2013,  the  Federal  Reserve  Board  approved  and  published  the  final  Basel  III  Capital  Rules  establishing  a  new 
comprehensive capital framework for U.S. banking organizations. CET1 capital for Pinnacle and First National Bank consists of 
common stock, related paid in capital, and retained earnings. In connection with the adoption of the Basel III Capital Rules, we 
elected to opt out of the requirement to include most components of accumulated other comprehensive income in CET1. CET1 for 
Pinnacle and First National Bank is reduced by goodwill and other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities and 
subject to transition provisions.   

Basel III limits capital distributions and certain discretionary bonus payments if First National Bank does not hold a “capital 
conservation buffer” consisting of 2.50% of CET1 capital, Tier 1 capital and total capital to risk weighted assets in addition to the 
amount  necessary  to  meet  minimum  risk-based  capital  requirements.  The  capital  conservation  buffer  was  fully  implemented  at 
2.50% on January 1, 2019. Basel III was fully phased in on January 1, 2019 and now requires (i) a minimum ratio of CET1 capital 
to risk weighted assets of at least 4.50%, plus a 2.50% capital conservation buffer, (ii) a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk 
weighted assets of at least 6.00%, plus the capital conservation buffer, (iii) a minimum ratio of total capital to risk weighted assets 
of at least 8.00%, plus the capital conservation buffer and (iv) a minimum leverage ratio of 4.00%.  

13 

 
Pinnacle exceeded all regulatory capital requirements that would apply under Basel III at December 31, 2023 if Pinnacle was 
not subject to the Federal Reserve’s small bank holding company policy statement. Pinnacle’s CET1 and Tier 1 Risk-based Capital 
Ratio was 11.91% and 10.94% as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The Total Risk-based Capital Ratio 
was 12.60% and 11.55% as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Pinnacle’s Tier 1 Leverage Ratio was 
8.10% and 7.34% as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. See Note 14 “Dividend Restrictions and Capital 
Requirements” to Pinnacle’s audited consolidated financial statements, for additional information.  

Pinnacle’s financial position as of December 31, 2023 reflects liquidity and capital levels management believes to be currently 
adequate to support anticipated funding needs and budgeted growth. Capital ratios are in excess of required regulatory minimums 
for  a  “well-capitalized”  institution.  The  assessment  of  capital  adequacy  depends  on  a  number  of  factors  such  as  asset  quality, 
liquidity, earnings performance, and changing competitive conditions and economic forces. The adequacy of Pinnacle’s capital is 
reviewed by management on an ongoing basis. Management seeks to maintain a capital structure that will ensure an adequate level 
of capital to support anticipated asset growth and to absorb potential losses. 

Forward-Looking Statements 

Certain  statements  in  this  Annual  Report  may  constitute  “forward-looking  statements”  within  the  meaning  of  federal 
securities  laws.  Forward-looking  statements  include,  without  limitation,  projections,  predictions,  expectations,  assumptions,  or 
beliefs about future events or results that are not statements of historical fact. Such statements may also include statements about 
future financial and operating results, operating performance, market and industry conditions, absolute levels of and changes to 
interest rates, and Pinnacle’s plans, objectives, initiatives, and expectations. Such forward-looking statements are based on various 
assumptions as of the time they are made, and are inherently subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors 
that  may  cause  actual  results,  performance  or  achievements  to  be  materially  different  from  those  expressed  or  implied  by  such 
forward-looking statements. 

Forward-looking  statements  are  often  accompanied  by  words  that  convey  projected  future  events  or  outcomes  such  as 
“expect,”  “believe,”  “estimate,”  “plan,”  “project,”  “predict,”  “anticipate,”  “intend,”  “will,”  “would,”  “should,”  “may,”  “view,” 
“opportunity,” “potential,” “possible” “target” or words of similar meaning or other statements concerning opinions or judgment of 
Pinnacle or its management about future events. Although Pinnacle believes that its expectations with respect to forward-looking 
statements are based upon reasonable assumptions within the bounds of its existing knowledge of its business and operations, there 
can be no assurance that actual results, performance, or achievements of Pinnacle will not differ materially from any projected future 
results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. 

The following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from the anticipated results or other 

expectations expressed in or implied by forward-looking statements or from historical performance: 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

changes in interest rates, inflation rates, deposit flows, loan demand and real estate values; 

changes in consumer spending and saving habits that may occur, including as a result of increased inflation; 

changes in general business, economic and market conditions; 

attracting, hiring, training, motivating and retaining qualified employees; 

changes in fiscal and monetary policies, and laws and regulations; 

changes in the quality or composition of the Company’s loan portfolio and the value of the collateral securing loans; 

changes in macroeconomic trends and uncertainty and the potential for local and/or global economic recession; 

changes in demand for financial services in Pinnacle’s market areas; 

increased competition from both banks and non-banks in Pinnacle’s market areas; 

a deterioration in credit quality and/or a reduced demand for, or supply of, credit; 

14 

 
 
 

 

 

 

increased information security risk, including cyber security risk, which may lead to potential business disruptions 
or financial losses; 

the introduction of new lines of business or new products and services; 

changes  in  accounting  principles,  standards,  rules,  and  interpretations,  and  the  related  impact  on  our  financial 
statements; 

an increase in liquidity risk, including as driven by changed in depositor behavior and preferences and changes in 
the amounts and sources of secondary liquidity that is available to Pinnacle and First National Bank; 

  volatility in the securities markets generally, including in the value of securities in the Pinnacle's securities portfolio 

or in the market price of Pinnacle common stock specifically; and 

  other factors, which could cause actual results to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by such 

forward-looking statements. 

These  factors,  and  the  risks  and  uncertainties  discussed  in  more  detail  in  this  Annual  Report  should  be  considered  in 
evaluating the forward-looking statements contained herein.  All of the forward-looking statements made in this report are expressly 
qualified by the cautionary statements contained or referred to herein. The actual results or developments anticipated may not be 
realized  or,  even  if substantially  realized,  they  may  not  have  the  expected  consequences to  or  effects  on Pinnacle.  Readers  are 
cautioned not to rely too heavily on the forward-looking statements contained in this report. Forward-looking statements speak only 
as of the date they are made and Pinnacle undertakes any obligation to update, revise or clarify these forward-looking statements, 
whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. 

15 

 
PINNACLE BANKSHARES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 
(In thousands of dollars, except share data) 

Assets 

Cash and cash equivalents: 

Cash and due from banks 

Certificates of deposits 
Securities: 

Available-for-sale, at fair value 
Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost 

Federal Reserve Bank stock, at cost 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost 
Loans, net of allowance for credit loss of $4,511 as of December 31, 2023 and 
$3,853 as of December 31, 2022 
Bank premises and equipment, net 
Accrued interest receivable 
Bank owned life insurance 
Goodwill 
Core deposit intangible 
Other assets 
Total assets 

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity 

Liabilities: 

Deposits: 

Demand 
Savings and NOW accounts 
Time 
Total deposits 
Subordinated notes payable 
Other long-term borrowings 
Accrued interest payable 
Other liabilities 

Total liabilities 
Commitments, contingencies and other matters 
Stockholders' equity: 

2023 

2022 

 $ 

87,589     $ 
250      

233,579      
—      
880      
701      

636,288      
21,497      
3,255      
17,540      
539      
1,093      
13,317      
1,016,528     $ 

269,502     $ 
496,268      
166,674      
932,444      
8,000      
2,000      
860      
4,819      
948,123      

 $ 

 $ 

36,521  
250  

241,172  
9,942  
871  
530  

628,471  
21,742  
2,956  
16,914  
539  
1,253  
8,770  
969,931  

286,833  
512,017  
100,388  
899,238  
8,000  
2,000  
160  
3,525  
912,923  

Common stock, $3 par value. Authorized 3,000,000 shares, issued and 
outstanding 2,198,158 shares in 2023 and 2,178,486 shares in 2022 
Capital surplus 
Retained earnings 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net 

Total stockholders' equity 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity 

6,460      
11,951      
62,069      
(12,075 )    
68,405      
1,016,528     $ 

6,413  
11,669  
54,614  
(15,688 ) 
57,008  
969,931  

  $ 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

                                                                                      16 

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
    
   
 
    
   
  
 
    
   
  
  
   
   
  
   
   
   
  
  
  
 
    
   
 
    
   
 
    
   
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
 
    
   
 
    
   
  
  
  
   
   
 
PINNACLE BANKSHARES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME 
Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 
(In thousands of dollars, except per share data) 

Interest income: 

Interest and fees on loans 
Interest on securities: 

U.S. Government agencies 
States and political subdivisions (taxable) 
States and political subdivisions (tax-exempt) 
Other 

Total interest income 
Interest expense: 

Interest on deposits: 

Savings and NOW accounts 
Time 

Total interest expense 
Net interest income 
Provision for credit losses and unfunded commitments 
Net interest income after provision for credit losses 
Noninterest income: 

Service charges on deposit accounts 
Commissions and fees 
Mortgage loan fees 
Service charges on loan accounts 
Other operating income 

Total noninterest income 
Noninterest expense: 

Salaries and employee benefits 
Occupancy expense 
Furniture and equipment expense 
Core system expense 
Dealer loan expense 
Office supplies and printing 
Federal deposit insurance premiums 
Capital stock tax 
Advertising expense 
Other operating expenses 

Total noninterest expense 
Income before income tax expense 
Income tax expense 
Net income 
Basic net income per share 
Diluted net income per share 

2023 

2022 

  $ 

32,412     $ 

25,930  

5,567      
535      
265      
3,109      
41,888      

4,772      
3,944      
8,716      
33,172      
70      
33,102      

3,508      
914      
223      
393      
2,926      
7,964      

15,604      
1,663      
1,896      
3,378      
483      
339      
606      
507      
274      
4,530      
29,280      
11,786      
2,024      
9,762     $ 
4.45     $ 
4.45     $ 

3,759  
539  
238  
1,322  
31,788  

408  
940  
1,348  
30,440  
190  
30,250  

3,513  
857  
625  
501  
1,527  
7,023  

14,742  
1,603  
1,713  
2,630  
601  
276  
596  
511  
218  
4,347  
27,237  
10,036  
1,794  
8,242  
3.78  
3.78  

  $ 
  $ 
  $ 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
    
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
    
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
PINNACLE BANKSHARES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY 
 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 
(In thousands of dollars) 

Net income 
Other comprehensive income, net of related income taxes: 

Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities 

Before tax 
Income tax (expense) benefit 

Changes in plan assets and benefit obligation of defined benefit pension 
   plan 

Before tax 
Income tax (expense) benefit 

Total other comprehensive gain (loss) 
Comprehensive income (loss) 

2023 

2022 

  $ 

9,762     $ 

8,242  

4,949      
(1,039 )    

(19,311 ) 
4,055  

(376 )    
79      
3,613      
13,375     $ 

3,506  
(737 ) 
(12,487 ) 
(4,245 ) 

  $ 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
    
   
 
    
   
   
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
 
PINNACLE BANKSHARES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY  
Years Ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 
(In thousands of dollars, except share and per share data) 

Common Stock 

   Capital 

   Retained     Comprehensive   

Accumulated 
Other 

Balances, December 31, 2021 
Net income 
Other comprehensive gain 
Issuance of restricted stock and 
   related expense 
Cash dividends declared by 

Bankshares ($0.61 per share) 

Balances, December 31, 2022 
Net income 
Cumulative effect of adoption of 
ASC 326 
Other comprehensive loss 
Issuance of restricted stock and 
   related expense 
Cash dividends declared by 

Bankshares ($0.85 per share) 

Balances, December 31, 2023 

Shares 
2,170,311    $ 

   Par Value    Surplus     Earnings     Income (Loss)     Total 

6,388     $  11,480     $  47,700     $ 

8,242    

(3,201 )   $  62,367  
8,242  
(12,487 )     (12,487 ) 

8,175     

25      

189    

214  

2,178,486    $ 

6,413     $  11,669     $  54,614     $ 

(1,328 )  

19,672     

47      

282    

9,762    

(443 )  

(1,864 )  

2,198,158    $ 

6,460     $  11,951     $  62,069     $ 

(1,328 ) 
(15,688 )   $  57,008  
9,762  

3,613      

(443 ) 
3,613  

329  

(1,864 ) 
(12,075 )   $  68,405  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
    
      
      
 
   
    
    
      
 
 
    
      
 
   
    
    
    
    
   
 
   
    
      
      
 
 
 
   
    
      
      
 
   
    
      
      
 
   
    
    
      
 
 
    
      
 
   
    
    
    
    
   
 
   
    
      
      
 
 
 
PINNACLE BANKSHARES CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 

2023 

2022 

Cash flows from operating activities: 

Net income 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows from operating activities: 

  $ 

9,762     $ 

1,077      
159      
66      
(76 )    
641      
(443 )    
(365 )    
329      
(376 )    
(1,250 )    

(299 )    
(6,533 )    

700      
919      
4,311      

—      
—      
6,127      
10,000      

6,433      
(9 )    
(171 )    
(1,000 )    
2,141      
(7,274 )    
(832 )    
—      
15,415      

(33,080 )    
66,286      
(1,864 )    
31,342      
51,068      
36,521      
87,589     $ 

Depreciation of bank premises and equipment 
Amortization of intangible assets 
Amortization of unearned fees, net 
Net (accretion) amortization of premiums and discounts on securities 
Provision for credit losses (includes $561 for ASC 326) 
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASC 326 
Provision for deferred income taxes 
Stock based compensation expense 
Increase in cash value of bank owned life insurance 
Accretion of purchased credit-impaired loans 
Net increase in: 

Accrued interest receivable 
Other assets 
Net increase in: 

Accrued interest payable 
Other liabilities 

       Net cash flows from operating activities 
Cash flows from investing activities: 

Purchases of available-for-sale securities 
Purchases of held-to-maturity securities 
Proceeds from maturities and calls of available-for-sale securities 
Proceeds from maturities and calls of held-to-maturity securities 
Proceeds from paydowns and maturities of available-for-sale 
   mortgage-backed securities 
Purchase of Federal Reserve Stock 
Purchase of Federal Home Loan Bank Stock 
Purchase of bank owned life insurance 
Proceeds from bank owned life insurance 
Net increase in loans made to customers 
Purchases of bank premises and equipment 
Disposals of bank premises and equipment 
Net cash from (used in) investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities: 

Net decrease in demand, savings and NOW deposits 
Net increase (decrease) in time deposits 
Cash dividends paid 
Net cash flows from (used in) financing activities 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flows information 

Cash paid during the year for: 

Income taxes (net of refunds received) 
Interest 

  $ 

  $ 

Supplemental schedule of noncash investing and financing activities: 

Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities 
Defined benefit plan adjustment per ASC topic Compensation-Retirement 
   Benefits 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

20 

8,242  

1,082  
160  
74  
390  
190  
—  
91  
214  
(336 ) 
(528 ) 

(1,277 ) 
(1,417 ) 

8  
1,766  
8,659  

(152,850 ) 
(9,835 ) 
450  
—  

12,128  
(11 ) 
(100 ) 
—  
—  
(80,131 ) 
(402 ) 
187  
(230,564 ) 

(25,346 ) 
(13,495 ) 
(1,328 ) 
(40,169 ) 
(262,074 ) 
298,595  
36,521  

2,740     $ 
8,016      

1,325  
1,340  

4,949      

(19,312 ) 

(376 )    

3,506  

 
 
 
  
 
 
    
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
    
   
   
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
    
   
 
    
   
   
 
    
   
   
   
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
(In thousands, except ratios, share and per share data) 

(1)  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Practices 

The accounting and reporting policies of the Pinnacle Bankshares Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiary 
(“Pinnacle” or the “Company”) conform to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America 
(“GAAP”) and general practices within the banking industry.  As of December 31, 2023, the most recent notification 
from the OCC categorized Pinnacle and First National Bank as “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework 
for prompt corrective action. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes 
have changed Pinnacle and the First National Bank’s category. 

The following is a summary of the more significant accounting policies and practices: 

(a)  Consolidation 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Pinnacle and First National Bank. All material 
intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. 

(b)  Use of Estimates 

In  preparing  the  consolidated  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  GAAP,  management  is  required  to 
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the dates of the 
consolidated balance sheets and revenues and expenses for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.  
Actual  results  could  differ  from  those  estimates.    Material  estimates  that  are  particularly  susceptible  to 
significant  changes  in  the  near  term  relate  to  the  determination  of  the  allowance  for  credit  losses, 
payments/obligations under benefit and pensions plans, other real estate owned and fair value of investments.  

(c)  Securities 

Pinnacle classifies its securities in three categories: (1) debt securities that Pinnacle has the positive intent 
and ability to hold to maturity are classified as “held-to-maturity securities” and reported at amortized cost; 
(2) debt securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term are 
classified as “trading securities” and reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in net 
income; and (3) debt securities not classified as either held-to-maturity securities or trading securities are 
classified  as  “available-for-sale  securities”  and  reported  at  fair  value,  with  unrealized  gains  and  losses 
excluded from net income and reported in accumulated other comprehensive income, a separate component 
of  stockholders’  equity,  net  of  deferred taxes.    Fair  value is  determined  from  quoted  prices  obtained and 
reviewed  by  management.    Held-to-maturity  securities  are  stated  at  cost,  adjusted  for  amortization  of 
premiums and accretion of discounts on a basis, which approximates the level yield method. As of December 
31, 2023 and 2022, Pinnacle had no trading securities. Gains or losses on disposition are based on the net 
proceeds and adjusted carrying values of the securities called or sold, using the specific identification method 
on a trade date basis.  

Allowance for Credit Losses - Securities: Management measures expected credit losses on held-to-maturity 
debt securities on a collective basis by major security type. The Company had no held-to maturity securities 
as of December 31, 2023.   

For available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position, the Company first assesses whether it 
intends to sell, or is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its 
amortized cost basis. If the Company intends to sell the security or it is more likely than not that the Company 
will  be  required  to  sell  the  security  before  recovering  its  cost  basis,  the  entire  impairment  loss  would  be 
recognized in earnings. If the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is not more likely than not 
that the Company will be required to sell the security, the Company evaluates whether the decline in fair 
value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. In making this assessment, management considers the 

21 

 
 
 
 
extent to which fair value is less than amortized costs, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating 
agency, and adverse conditions specifically related to the security, among other factors. If this assessment 
indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security 
are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. Projected cash flows are discounted by the current 
effective interest rate. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized 
cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the 
amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. The remaining impairment related to all other 
factors, the difference between the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected and fair value, is 
recognized as a charge to accumulated other comprehensive income. 

Changes in the allowance for credit losses are recorded as provision for (or recapture of) credit losses. Losses 
are charged against the allowance when management believes the non-collectability of an available-for-sale 
or held-to-maturity security is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell 
is met. 

(d)  Restricted Equity Investments  

As a member of the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) and the FHLB, Pinnacle is required to maintain certain 
minimum investments in the common stock of the FRB and FHLB, which are carried at cost. Required levels 
of investment are based upon Pinnacle’s capital and a percentage of qualifying assets. 

In addition, Pinnacle is eligible to borrow from the FHLB with borrowings collateralized by qualifying assets, 
primarily residential mortgage loans, and Pinnacle’s capital stock investment in the FHLB.  

Management’s determination of whether these investments are impaired is based on its assessment of the 
ultimate recoverability of cost rather than by recognizing temporary declines in value. The determination of 
whether  a  decline  affects  the  ultimate  recoverability  of  cost  is  influenced  by  criteria  such  as  (1)  the 
significance of any decline in net assets of the FHLB as compared to the capital stock amount for the FHLB 
and the length of time this situation has persisted, (2) commitments by the FHLB to make payments required 
by law or regulation and the level of such payments in relation to the operating performance of the FHLB, 
(3) the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on institutions and, accordingly, the customer base of the 
FHLB, and (4) the liquidity position of the FHLB.  

(e)  Provision and Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans 

The methodology for determining the allowance for credit losses - loans is considered a critical accounting 
estimate by management because of the high degree of judgment involved, the subjectivity of the assumptions 
used, and the potential for changes in the economic environment that could result in changes to the amount 
of the recorded allowance for credit losses - loans. Among the material estimates required to establish the 
allowance for credit losses - loans are: a reasonable and supportable forecast; a reasonable and supportable 
forecast period and reversion period; value of collateral; strength of guarantors; the amount and timing of 
future cash flows for loans individually evaluated; and determination of the qualitative loss factors. All of 
these estimates are susceptible to significant change. The allowance for credit losses  - loans is a valuation 
account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of loans to present the net amount expected to be 
collected on the loans. The Bank has elected to exclude accrued interest receivable from the amortized cost 
basis in their estimate of the allowance for credit losses - loans. The provision for credit losses reflects the 
amount  required  to  maintain  the  allowance  for  credit  losses  -  loans  at  an  appropriate  level  based  upon 
management’s  evaluation  of  the  adequacy  of  collective  and  individual  loss  reserves.  The  Company  has 
established systematic methodologies for the determination of the adequacy of the Company’s allowance for 
credit losses - loans. The methodologies are set forth in a formal policy and take into consideration the need 
for  a  valuation  allowance  for  loans  evaluated  on  a  collective  (pool)  basis  which  have  similar  risk 
characteristics as well as allowances that are tied to individual loans that do not share risk characteristics. 

22 

 
 
 
The Company increases its allowance for credit losses  - loans by charging the provision for credit losses. 
Losses related to specific assets are applied as a reduction of the carrying value of the assets and charged 
against the allowance for credit loss reserve when management believes the uncollectability of a loan balance 
is confirmed. Recoveries on previously charged off loans are credited to the allowance for credit losses-loans. 

Management estimates the allowance for credit losses - loans using relevant information, from internal and 
external sources, relating to past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The 
allowance for credit losses - loans is maintained at a level sufficient to provide for expected credit losses over 
the  life  of  the  loan  based  on  evaluating  historical  credit  loss  experience  and    adjusting  historical  loss 
information  for  differences  in  the  specific  risk  characteristics  in  the  current  loan  portfolio.  These  factors 
include, among others, changes in the size and composition of the loan portfolio, differences in underwriting 
standards, delinquency rates, actual loss experience and current economic conditions. 

The  allowance  for  credit  losses  -  loans  is  measured  on  a  collective  (pool)  basis  when  similar  risk 
characteristics  exist.  In  estimating  the  component  of  the  allowance  for  credit  losses  for  loans  that  share 
common risk characteristics, loans are pooled based on loan type and areas of risk concentration. For loans 
evaluated collectively, the allowance for credit losses is calculated using life of loan historical losses adjusted 
for economic forecasts and current conditions. 

Management uses the roll-rate method often referred to as "migration analysis" to calculate the allowance for 
credit  losses  -  loans.  Roll  rates  are  determined  by  predicting  credit  losses  by  segmentation  of  the  loan 
portfolio. An assessment of the roll rate is made (the percentage of balances of the number of accounts which 
move from one delinquency stage to the next). Once a roll rate is determined for each segment, it is applied 
to  the  balance  in  each  category  to  estimate  the  amount  that  will  migrate  to  the  next  category.  The  total 
migrations across all categories are aggregated to determine the estimate of credit losses. 

For loans evaluated collectively, management uses qualitative factors such as changes in lending policies and 
procedures,  changes  in  national  and  local  economic  conditions,  changes  in  the  concentrations  of  credit, 
changes in experience of lenders and the loan department, and other factors as may apply in its allowance for 
credit loss calculation.  Each qualitative factor is evaluated and applied to each segment of loan in Pinnacle’s 
portfolio and a percentage of each loan is reserved as allowance.  Loans are charged against the allowance 
for credit losses when management believes the principal is uncollectible.  

Loans that do not share risk characteristics with other loans in the portfolio are individually evaluated for 
impairment and are not included in the collective evaluation. Factors involved in determining whether a loan 
should be individually evaluated include, but are not limited to, the financial condition of the borrower and 
the value of the underlying collateral. Expected credit losses for loans evaluated individually are measured 
based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s original effective interest 
rate or when the Bank determines that foreclosure is probable, the expected credit loss is measured based on 
the fair value of the collateral as of the reporting date, less estimated selling costs, as applicable. As a practical 
expedient,  the  Bank  measures  the  expected  credit  loss  for  a  loan  using  the  fair  value  of  the  collateral,  if 
repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral when the 
borrower is experiencing financial difficulty based on the Bank’s assessment as of the reporting date. 

In both cases, if the fair value of the collateral is less than the amortized cost basis of the loan, the Bank will 
recognize  an  allowance  as  the  difference  between  the  fair  value  of  the  collateral,  less  costs  to  sell  (if 
applicable) at the reporting date and the amortized cost basis of the loan. If the fair value of the collateral 
exceeds the amortized cost basis of the loan, any expected recovery added to the amortized cost basis will be 
limited to the  amount  previously  charged-off.  Subsequent  changes  in  the  expected  credit  losses  for  loans 
evaluated individually are included within the provision for credit losses in the same manner in which the 
expected  credit  loss  initially  was  recognized  or  as  a  reduction  in  the  provision  that  would  otherwise  be 
reported. 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
While management uses available information to recognize losses on loans, future additions to the allowance 
for  credit  losses  may  be  necessary  based  on  changes  in  economic  conditions  or  Pinnacle’s  recent  loss 
experience.  It is reasonably possible that management’s estimate of loan losses and the related allowance 
may change materially in the near term.  However, the amount of change that is reasonably possible cannot 
be  estimated.    In  addition,  various  regulatory  agencies,  as  an  integral  part  of  their  examination  process, 
periodically review Pinnacle’s allowance for credit losses. Such agencies may require Pinnacle to recognize 
additions to the allowance for credit losses based on their judgments about information available to them at 
the time of their examinations. 

Loans are charged against the allowance when, in management’s opinion, they are deemed doubtful, although 
Pinnacle  usually  continues  to  aggressively  pursue  collection.  Pinnacle  considers  a  number  of  factors  to 
determine the need for and timing of charge-offs including the following: whenever any commercial loan 
becomes past due for 120 days for any scheduled principal or interest payment and collection is considered 
unlikely; whenever foreclosure on real estate collateral or liquidation of other collateral does not result in full 
payment  of  the  obligation  and  the  deficiency  or  some  portion  thereof  is  deemed  uncollectible,  the 
uncollectible portion shall be charged-off; whenever any installment loan becomes past due for 120 days and 
collection  is  considered  unlikely;  whenever  any  repossessed  vehicle  remains  unsold  for  60  days  after 
repossession; whenever a bankruptcy notice is received on any installment loan and review of the facts results 
in an assessment that all or most of the balance will not be collected, the loan will be placed in non-accrual 
status; whenever a bankruptcy notice is received on a small, unsecured, revolving installment account; and 
whenever any other small, unsecured, revolving installment account becomes past due for 180 days. 

Loans are generally placed in non-accrual status when the collection of principal and interest is 90 days or 
more past due unless the obligation relates to a consumer or residential real estate loan or is both well-secured 
and in the process of collection.  All interest accrued, but not collected, for loans that are placed on nonaccrual 
or charged off is reversed against interest income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-
basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Generally, loans are returned to accrual 
status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments 
are  reasonably  assured,  which  usually  requires  a  minimum  of  six  months  of  sustained  repayment 
performance. 

An allowance for credit losses - unfunded loan commitments is maintained at a level that, in the opinion of 
management, is adequate to absorb expected credit losses associated with the contractual life of the Bank’s 
commitments  to  lend funds  under existing  agreements  such  as  letters  or  lines  of  credit. The  Bank  uses a 
methodology for determining the allowance for credit losses-unfunded loan commitments that applies the 
same segmentation and loss rate to each pool as the funded exposure adjusted for probability of funding. 
Draws on unfunded loan commitments that are considered uncollectible at the time funds are advanced are 
charged to the allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet exposures. Changes in the allowance for credit 
losses-unfunded loan commitments are recognized as provision for (or recapture of) credit loss expense and 
added to the allowance for credit losses - unfunded loan commitments, which is included in other liabilities 
in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. 

(f)  Loans Acquired 

Loans acquired in business combinations are recorded at their fair value at the acquisition date. Establishing 
the fair value of acquired loans involves a significant amount of judgment, including determining the credit 
discount based upon historical data adjusted for current economic conditions and other factors. If any of these 
assumptions  are  inaccurate  actual  credit  losses  could  vary  significantly  from  the  credit  discount  used  to 
calculate the fair value of the acquired loans. Acquired loans are evaluated upon acquisition and classified as 
either  purchased  credit-deteriorated  or  purchased  non-credit-deteriorated.  Purchased  credit-deteriorated 
(PCD) loans have experienced more than insignificant credit deterioration since origination. For PCD loans, 
an allowance for credit losses is determined at the acquisition date using the same methodology as other loans. 
The initial allowance for credit losses determined on a collective basis is allocated to individual loans. The 
loan’s fair value is grossed up for the allowance for credit losses and becomes its initial amortized cost basis. 

24 

 
 
The difference between the initial amortized cost basis and the par value of the loan is a noncredit discount 
or premium, which is amortized into interest income over the life of the loan. Subsequent changes to the 
allowance for credit losses are recorded through a provision for credit losses.  

For  purchased  non-credit-deteriorated  loans,  the  difference  between  the  fair  value  and  unpaid  principal 
balance of the loan at the acquisition date is amortized or accreted to interest income over the life of the loan. 
While credit discounts are included in the determination of the fair value for non-credit-deteriorated loans, 
since these discounts are expected to be accreted over the life of the loans, they cannot be used to offset the 
allowance for credit losses that must be recorded at the acquisition date. As a result, an allowance for credit 
losses is determined at the acquisition date using the same methodology as other loans and is recognized as a 
provision for credit losses. Any subsequent deterioration (improvement) in credit quality is recognized by 
recording (recapturing) a provision for credit losses. 

(g)  Loan Origination and Commitment Fees and Certain Related Direct Costs 

Loan  origination  and  commitment  fees  and  certain  direct  loan  origination  costs  charged  by  Pinnacle  are 
deferred and the net amount amortized as an adjustment of the related loan’s yield. Pinnacle amortizes these 
net amounts over the contractual life of the related loans or, in the case of demand loans, over the estimated 
life. Fees related to standby letters of credit are recognized over the commitment period.  

(h)  Bank Premises and Equipment 

Bank premises and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed 
by the straight-line and declining-balance methods over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Depreciable 
lives include 15 years for land improvements, 39 years for buildings, and 3 to 7 years for equipment, furniture 
and fixtures. The cost of assets retired and sold and the related accumulated depreciation are eliminated from 
the  accounts  and  the  resulting  gains  or  losses  are  included  in  determining  net  income.  Expenditures  for 
maintenance  and  repairs  are  charged  to  expense  as  incurred,  and  improvements  and  betterments  are 
capitalized. 

(i)  Bank Owned Life Insurance 

Pinnacle has purchased life insurance policies on certain current and past key employees and directors where 
the  insurance  policy  benefits  and  ownership  are  retained  by  the  employer.  Bank  owned  life  insurance  is 
recorded at the amount that can be realized under the insurance contract at the balance sheet date, which is 
the  cash  surrender  value adjusted for  other  charges  or  other  amounts due that  are  probable  at  settlement. 
Income  from  these  policies  and  changes  in  the  net  cash  surrender  value  are  recorded  within  noninterest 
income within Other Operating Income. 

(j)  Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets 

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. Identifiable intangible 
assets are recognized separately and are amortized over their estimated useful lives, which for Pinnacle has 
generally been ten years. Goodwill is recognized in business combinations to the extent that the price paid 
exceeds the fair value of the net assets acquired, including any identifiable intangible assets. Goodwill is not 
amortized and is subject to fair value impairment tests on at least an annual basis. 

Pinnacle performs a goodwill impairment analysis on  an annual basis as of December 31st. Additionally, 
Pinnacle  performs  a  goodwill  impairment  evaluation  on  an  interim  basis  when  events  or  circumstances 
indicate impairment potentially exists.  During 2023 and 2022, Pinnacle reviewed its goodwill for impairment 
and  determined  that  goodwill  is  not  impaired.    Management  will  continue  to  monitor  the  relationship  of 
Pinnacle’s market capitalization to both its book value and tangible book value, which management attributes 

25 

 
 
 
to factors that are both Company-specific and that affect the financial services industry-wide, and to evaluate 
the carrying value of goodwill. 

(k)  Other Real Estate Owned 

Foreclosed properties consist of properties acquired through foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure. At 
time  of  foreclosure,  the  properties  are  recorded  at  the  fair  value  less  costs  to  sell.    Subsequently,  these 
properties are carried at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs to sell. Losses from the acquisition 
of  property  in  full  or  partial  satisfaction  of  loans  are  charged  against  the  allowance  for  credit  losses. 
Subsequent write-downs, if any, are charged to expense. Gains and losses on the sales of foreclosed properties 
are included in determining net income in the year of the sale. 

(l) 

Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets 

Pinnacle’s  long-lived  assets  are  reviewed  for  impairment  whenever  events  or  changes  in  circumstances 
indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and 
used, such as bank premises and equipment, is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset 
to future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its 
estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount 
of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of, such as foreclosed properties, are 
reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. 

(m)  Pension Plan 

Pinnacle  maintains  a  noncontributory  defined  benefit  pension  plan,  which  covers  substantially  all  of  its 
employees. The net periodic pension expense includes a service cost component, interest on the projected 
benefit  obligation,  a  component  reflecting  the  actual  return  on  plan  assets,  the  effect  of  deferring  and 
amortizing  certain  actuarial  gains  and  losses,  and  the  amortization  of  any  unrecognized  net  transition 
obligation on a straight-line basis over the average remaining service period of employees expected to receive 
benefits under the plan. Pinnacle’s funding policy is to make annual contributions in amounts necessary to 
satisfy the Internal Revenue Service’s funding standards, to the extent that they are tax deductible. 

Accounting  Standards  for  defined  benefit  plans  require  a  business  entity  to  recognize  the  overfunded  or 
underfunded  status  of  a  single-employer  defined  benefit  postretirement  plan  as  an  asset  or  liability  in  its 
statement of financial position and to recognize changes in that funded status in comprehensive income in the 
year in which the changes occur.  Accounting standards also require a business entity to measure the funded 
status of a plan as of the date of its year-end statement of financial position, with limited exceptions.  

(n)  Revenue Recognition 

Pinnacle  recognizes  revenue  from  contracts  with  customers.  Noninterest  revenue  streams  such  as  service 
charges  on  deposit  accounts  and  commissions  and  fees  are  recognized  in  accordance  with  Accounting 
Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606. Topic 606 does not apply to revenue associated with financial 
instruments, including revenue from loans, securities and mortgage banking. In addition, certain noninterest 
income streams such as financial guarantees, derivatives, and certain credit card fees are outside the scope of 
the guidance. Noninterest revenue streams within the scope of Topic 606 are discussed below. 

Service Charges on Deposit Accounts 

Service charges on deposit accounts consist of monthly service fees, overdraft and nonsufficient funds fees, 
and  VISA  debit  card  interchange  fees.    Pinnacle’s  performance  obligation  for  monthly  service  fees  is 
generally  satisfied,  and  the  related  revenue  recognized,  over  the  period  in  which  the  service  is  provided. 

26 

 
 
Payment  for  service  charges  on  deposit  accounts  is primarily  received  immediately  or  at  the  end  of each 
month  through  a  direct  charge  to  customers’  accounts.  Overdraft  and  nonsufficient  funds  fees  and  other 
deposit  account  related  fees  are  transactional  based,  and  therefore,  Pinnacle’s  performance  obligation  is 
satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time when the service is delivered. Debit card fees are 
primarily comprised of interchange fee income.  Interchange fees are earned whenever Pinnacle’s debit cards 
are processed through the Visa network.  Pinnacle’s performance obligation for interchange fee income is 
satisfied, and related revenue recognized, when the services are rendered or upon completion. Payment is 
typically received immediately or in the following month. Interchange income for vendors using terminals 
Pinnacle has sold and commissions from VISA related to Pinnacle’s principal status are also included in other 
operating income.  Pinnacle’s performance obligation is satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, when 
the commissions or fees are earned and are generally based on a percentage of activity. 

Commissions and Fees 

Commissions and fees consist of commissions received on investment products and insurance policies sales. 
For insurance sales referred to Bankers Insurance LLC, Pinnacle retains a certain percentage of the policy 
premium for each policy sold. For investment products sales through LPL financial LLC, revenue to Pinnacle 
consists  of  advisory  account  fees,  commissions  from  sales  of  mutual  funds  and  other  investments.  
Commissions  and  fees  that  total  $914  and  $857  for  2023  and  2022,  respectively,  on  the  consolidated 
statements of income includes $190 and $172 in loan late fees that are out-of-scope of Topic 606.   

Other Operating Income 

Included in other operating income are various transaction based revenue streams such as wire transfer fees, 
foreign ATM fees, ACH origination fees, cashier check fees and miscellaneous services provided such as 
assistance  with  balancing  a  customer’s  checking  account  or  making  copies.  Each  of  these  fees  are 
transactional  based,  and  therefore,  Pinnacle’s  performance  obligation  is  satisfied,  and  related  revenue 
recognized, at a point in time when the service is delivered.  

The  following  presents  noninterest  income,  segregated  by  revenue  streams  in-scope  and  out-of-scope  of 
Topic 606, for 2023 and 2022, respectively: 

Non-interest Income 
In-scope of Topic 606: 
Service charges on deposit accounts 
Commissions and fees 
Other operating income 
Non-interest Income (in-scope of Topic 606) 
Non-interest Income (out-of-scope of Topic 606) 

(o)  Net Income per Share 

  Years Ended December 31, 

2023 

2022 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

3,508     $ 
724      
1,030      
5,262     $ 
2,702      
7,964     $ 

3,513  
685  
987  
5,185  
1,839  
7,024  

Basic  net  income  per  share  excludes  dilution  and  is  computed  by  dividing  income  available  to  common 
stockholders  by  the  weighted-average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  for  the  period.  Diluted  net 
income  per  share  reflects  the  potential  dilution  that  could  occur  if  securities  or  other  contracts  to  issue 
common stock that are not anti-dilutive were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the 
issuance of common stock that then shared in the earnings of Pinnacle. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
    
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
 
 
The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted net income per 
share computations for the periods indicated: 

Year ended December 31, 2023 
Basic net income per share 
Effect of dilutive stock options 
Diluted net income per share 

Year ended December 31, 2022 
Basic net income per share 
Effect of dilutive stock options 
Diluted net income per share 

Shares 

  Net income    
  (numerator)    (denominator)    
  $ 

9,762      
—      
  $ 
9,762      
  Net income    
  (numerator)    (denominator)    
  $ 

2,192,839     $ 
1,923    
2,194,762     $ 

Shares 

8,242      
—      
8,242      

2,177,680     $ 
2,870    
2,180,550     $ 

  $ 

   Per share   
amount 

4.45  

4.45  
   Per share   
amount 

3.78  

3.78  

(p)  Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 

For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, 
amounts due from banks (with original maturities of three months or less), and federal funds sold. Generally, 
federal funds are purchased and sold for one-day periods. 

          (q)      Comprehensive Income 

ASC  Topic  220,  Comprehensive  Income,  requires  Pinnacle  to  classify  items  of  “Other  Comprehensive 
Income” (such as net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities) by their nature in a financial 
statement  and  present  the  accumulated  balance  of  other  comprehensive  income  separately  from  retained 
earnings and additional paid-in capital in the equity section of a statement of financial position. Pinnacle’s 
other comprehensive income consists of net income, and net unrealized gains (losses) on securities available-
for-sale, net of income taxes, and adjustments relating to its defined benefit plan, net of income taxes. 

       (r)        Fair Value Measurements 

ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, establishes a framework for using fair value.  It 
defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly 
transaction between market participants as of the measurement date. 

In  accordance  with  Fair  Value  Measurements  and  Disclosures,  Pinnacle  groups  its  financial  assets  and 
financial liabilities in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the 
reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value.  The most significant instruments that Pinnacle 
measures  at  fair  value  are  available-for-sale  securities.    As  of  December  31,  2022,  all  available-for-sale 
securities fell into Level 2 fair value hierarchy and remained at Level 2 as of December 31, 2023.  Valuation 
methodologies for the fair value hierarchy are as follows: 

Level 1 – Valuations are based on quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities traded in active exchange 
markets, such as the New York Stock Exchange.   

Level  2  –  Valuations  for  assets  and  liabilities  are  obtained  from  readily  available  pricing  sources  via 
independent providers for market transactions involving similar assets or liabilities, model-based valuation 
techniques, or other observable inputs.  

28 

 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
  
Level 3 – Valuations for assets and liabilities that are derived from other valuation methodologies, including 
option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques, and are not based on market 
exchange,  dealer,  or  broker  traded  transactions.    Level  3  valuations  incorporate  certain  assumptions  and 
projections in determining fair value assigned to such assets and liabilities.   

         (s)      Stock-based Compensation  

Restricted stock awards compensation cost is based on the fair value of the award, which is the closing price 
of Pinnacle's common stock on the date of the grant. Restricted stock awards issued by Pinnacle typically 
have vesting periods with service conditions. Compensation cost is recognized as expense over the vesting 
period. For awards with graded vesting, compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the 
requisite  service  period.  Because  of  the  insignificant  amount  of  forfeitures  Pinnacle  has  experienced, 
forfeitures are recognized as they occur. 

         (t)       Loan Commitments and Related Financial Instruments  

Financial instruments include off-balance sheet credit instruments, such as commitments to make loans and 
commercial  letters  of  credit,  issued  to  meet  customer  financing  needs.  The  face  amount  for  these  items 
represents  the  exposure  to  loss,  before  considering  customer  collateral  or  ability  to  repay.  Such  financial 
instruments are recorded when they are funded. 

         (u)     Current Accounting Developments 

For each of the accounting pronouncements that affect Pinnacle, Pinnacle elected to follow the rule that allows 
companies  engaging  in  an  initial  public  offering  as  an  Emerging  Growth  Company  to  follow  the  private 
company implementation dates. 

In  April  2019,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2019-04,  Codification  Improvements  to  Topic  326,  Financial 
Instruments—Credit  Losses,  Topic  815,  Derivatives  and  Hedging,  and  Topic  825,  Financial  Instruments. 
This ASU clarifies and improves areas of guidance related to the recently issued standards on credit losses, 
hedging, and recognition and measurement including improvements resulting from various TRG Meetings. 
The amendments are effective for private companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. 
Early adoption is permitted. ASU 2019-04 did not have a material impact on Pinnacle's consolidated financial 
statements. 

In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted 
Transition Relief.  The amendments in this ASU provide entities that have certain instruments within the 
scope of Subtopic 326-20 with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option in Subtopic 825-10, applied 
on an instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments, upon the adoption of Topic 326. The fair value 
option election does not apply to held-to-maturity debt securities. An entity that elects the fair value option 
should  subsequently  measure  those  instruments  at  fair  value  with  changes  in  fair  value  flowing  through 
earnings.  The  amendments  are  effective  for  fiscal  years  beginning  after  December  15,  2022,  and  interim 
periods within those fiscal years. The amendments should be applied on a modified-retrospective basis by 
means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings balance in the balance 
sheet. Early adoption is permitted. ASU 2019-05 did not have a material impact on Pinnacle's consolidated 
financial statements. 

In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02 Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled 
Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures. For creditors that have adopted CECL, the amendments in this 
ASU: (i) eliminate the previous recognition and measurement guidance for TDRs, (ii) require new disclosures 
for loan modifications when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty (the “Modification Disclosures”) 
and  (iii)  require  disclosures  of  current  period  gross  charge-offs  by  year  of  origination  in  the  vintage 
disclosures  (the  “Gross  Charge-off  Vintage  Disclosures”).  The  Modification  Disclosures  apply  to  the 

29 

 
 
 
following modification types: principal forgiveness, interest rate reductions, other-than-insignificant payment 
delays, term extensions, or a combination thereof. Creditors will be required to disclose the following by loan 
class:  (i)  amounts  and  relative  percentages  of  each  modification  type,  (ii)  the  financial  effect  of  each 
modification type, including the amount of principal forgiveness and reduction in weighted average interest 
rate,  (iii)  the  performance  of  the  loan  in  the  12  months  following  the  modification  and  (iv)  qualitative 
information discussing how the modifications factored into the determination of the Allowance for Credit 
Losses ("ACL"). Pinnacle adopted ASU 2022-02 as of January 1, 2023 and elected to apply the modified 
retrospective transition method for ACL recognition and measurement. As a result of adopting this ASU, 
Pinnacle did not experience any material change to its ACL related to loans previously modified as a TDR 
and, therefore, did not experience a material cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings as of December 
31, 2023. 

On January  1,  2023,  Pinnacle adopted  ASU  2016-13  Financial  Instruments  –  Credit  Losses  (Topic  326): 
Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASC 326). This standard replaced the incurred loss 
methodology  with  an  expected  loss  methodology  that  is  referred  to  as  the  current  expected  credit  loss 
(“CECL”) methodology. CECL requires an estimate of credit losses for the remaining estimated life of the 
financial 
reasonable 
supportable forecasts and generally applies to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including loan 
receivables  and  held-to-maturity  debt  securities,  and  some  off-balance  sheet  credit  exposures  such  as 
unfunded commitments to extend credit. Financial assets measured at amortized cost will be presented at the 
net amount expected to be collected by using an allowance for credit losses. 

experience, 

conditions, 

historical 

current 

using 

asset 

and 

In addition, CECL made changes to the accounting for available-for-sale debt securities. One such change is 
to require credit losses to be presented as an allowance rather than as a write-down on available-for-sale debt 
securities if management does not intend to sell and does not believe that it is more likely than not they will 
be required to sell.  

Pinnacle adopted ASC 326 and all related subsequent amendments thereto effective January 1, 2023, using 
the modified retrospective approach for all financial assets measured at amortized cost and off-balance sheet 
credit exposures. The transition adjustment of the adoption of CECL included an increase in the allowance 
for credit losses on loans of $561 ($443 net of deferred income taxes), which is presented as a reduction to 
net loans outstanding, and no increase in the allowance for credit losses on unfunded loan commitments, 
which is recorded within Other Liabilities. Pinnacle recorded a net decrease to retained earnings of $443 as 
of January 1, 2023, for the cumulative effect of adopting CECL, which reflects the transition adjustments 
noted above, net of the applicable deferred tax assets recorded. Results for reporting periods beginning after 
January 1, 2023, are presented under CECL while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance 
with previously applicable accounting standards (“Incurred Loss”). 

Pinnacle adopted ASC 326 using the prospective transition approach for PCD assets that were previously 
classified  as  purchased  credit  impaired  (“PCI”)  under  ASC  310-30.  In  accordance  with  the  standard, 
management did not reassess whether PCI assets met the criteria of PCD assets as of the date of adoption. On 
January 1, 2023, the amortized cost basis of PCD assets were adjusted to reflect the addition of $41 to establish 
the allowance for credit losses. The remaining interest-related discount of approximately $1,940 began being 
accrued into interest income at the effective interest rate as of January 1, 2023. 

Regarding PCD assets, the Company elected to disaggregate the former PCI pools and no longer considers 
these pools to be the unit of account; contractually delinquent PCD loans will be reported as nonaccrual loans 
using the same criteria as other loans.  

Pinnacle adopted ASC 326 using the prospective transition approach for debt securities for which other-than-
temporary impairment had been recognized prior to January 1, 2023. As of December 31, 2022, the Company 
did not have any other-than-temporarily impaired investment securities. Therefore, upon adoption of ASC 
326,  the  Company  determined  that  an  allowance for credit losses  on  available-for-sale  securities  was  not 
deemed material. 

30 

 
(2)  Restrictions on Cash 

Per Federal Reserve regulations, the average reserve requirement for the week including December 31, 2023 and 
the week of December 31, 2022 has been $0.  

(3)  Securities 

The amortized costs, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and fair values for securities as of December 
31, 2023 and 2022 are as follows: 

2023 

   Gross 

   Gross 

Available-for-Sale 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of 

U.S. Government corporations and agencies 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions 
Mortgage-backed securities – government 

Total available-for-sale 

  Amortized    unrealized     unrealized    
gains 

losses 

costs 

Fair 
values 

  $  144,641      
39,712      
64,169      
  $  248,522      

—      
12      
—      
12      

(4,674 )    
(5,384 )    
(4,897 )    
(14,955 )    

139,967  
34,340  
59,272  
233,579  

 Pinnacle had no held-to-maturity securities as of December 31, 2023.  

2022 

   Gross 

   Gross 

Available-for-Sale 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of 

U.S. Government corporations and agencies 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions 
Mortgage-backed securities – government 

Total available-for-sale 

Held-to-Maturity 

U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of 

  Amortized    unrealized     unrealized    
gains 

losses 

costs 

Fair 
values 

  $  149,447      
40,620      
70,996      
  $  261,063      

—      
2      
1      
3      

(7,698 )    
(6,876 )    
(5,320 )    
(19,894 )    

141,749  
33,746  
65,677  
241,172  

2022 

Gross 

Gross 

  Amortized     unrealized 

   unrealized 

costs 

gains 

losses 

Fair 
values 

U.S. Government corporations and agencies 

  $ 

9,942      

—      

(29 )    

9,913  

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
    
    
    
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
    
    
    
   
   
   
 
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
    
    
    
   
 
 
   
 
The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of Pinnacle’s securities, aggregated by security 
category  and  length  of  time  that  individual  securities  have  been  in  a  continuous  unrealized  loss  position,  as  of 
December 31, 2023: 

Description of Securities 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of 
   U.S. Government corporations and agencies 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions 
Mortgage-backed securities-government 

Total 

Less than 12 
months 

More than 12 
months 

Total 

  Fair 
  value    

   Gross 
   unrealized    
losses 

Fair 
value 

Gross 
   unrealized    
losses 

   Gross 
Fair 
value 

   Gross 
   unrealized   
losses 

  $  —      
    2,760      
    2,193      
  $  4,953      

—       139,967      
30,377      
23      
41      
57,057      
64       227,401      

4,674       139,967      
33,137      
5,361      
4,856      
59,250      
14,891       232,354      

4,674  
5,384  
4,897  
14,955  

Pinnacle does not consider the unrealized losses other-than-temporary losses based on the volatility of the securities 
market price involved, the credit quality of the securities, and Pinnacle’s ability, if necessary, to hold the securities 
until maturity.  As of December 31, 2023, the securities included 6 bonds that had continuous losses for less than 
12 months and 122 bonds that had continuous losses for more than 12 months. There were no realized gains and 
losses in 2023.   

The following table shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of Pinnacle’s securities, aggregated by security 
category  and  length  of  time  that  individual  securities  have  been  in  a  continuous  unrealized  loss  position,  as  of 
December 31, 2022: 

Description of Securities 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of 
   U.S. Government corporations and agencies 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions 
Mortgage-backed securities-government 

Total 

Less than 12 
months 

More than 12 
months 

Total 

Fair 
value 

   Gross 
   unrealized    
losses 

   Gross 
   unrealized   
losses 

   Gross 
Fair 
value 

   Gross 
   unrealized  
losses 

Fair 
value 

  $  112,363      
10,589      
26,702      
  $  149,654      

3,728       39,299      
521       21,839      
1,718       38,929      
5,967       100,067      

3,999       151,662      
32,428      
6,354      
3,603      
65,631      
13,956       249,721      

7,727  
6,875  
5,321  
19,923  

For 2022, the securities included 60 bonds that had continuous losses for less than 12 months and 73 bonds that had 
continuous losses for more than 12 months.  There were no realized gains or losses in 2022.    

The amortized costs and fair values of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities as of December 31, 2023 
and December 31, 2022, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual 
maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment 
penalties. 

32 

 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
   
   
 
2023 

Available-for-Sale 
Fair 
values 

  Amortized    
costs 

Held-to-Maturity 

   Amortized 

costs 

Fair 
values 

Due in one year or less 
Due after one year through five years 
Due after five years through ten years 
Due after ten years 

Mortgage-backed securities 

Totals 

  $ 

  $ 

56,602      
97,132      
23,677      
6,942      
184,353      
64,169      
248,522      

56,142      
92,483      
20,250      
5,432      
174,307      
59,272      
233,579      

2022 

—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      
—      

—  
—  
—  
—  
—  
—  
—  

Due in one year or less 
Due after one year through five years 
Due after five years through ten years 
Due after ten years 

Mortgage-backed securities 

Totals 

Available-for-Sale 
Fair 
values 

  Amortized    
costs 

Held-to-Maturity 

   Amortized 

costs 

Fair 
values 

  $ 

  $ 

5,693      
131,994      
38,916      
13,464      
190,067      
70,996      
261,063      

5,496      
126,307      
33,690      
10,002      
175,495      
65,677      
241,172      

9,942      
—      
—      
—      
9,942      
—      
9,942      

9,913  
—  
—  
—  
9,913  
—  
9,913  

Securities with amortized costs of approximately $66,647 (fair value of $63,924) as of December 31, 2023, were 
pledged as collateral for public deposits. Also, securities with amortized costs of approximately $38,134 (fair value 
of $36,213) as of December 31, 2023 were pledged as collateral for the Federal Reserve's term funding program.  
Securities with amortized costs of approximately $47,932 (fair value of $44,767) as of December 31, 2022, were 
pledged as collateral  for public  deposits  and  no  securities  were  pledged  for the  Federal  Reserve's  term  funding 
program. 

(4)  Loans, Allowance for Credit Losses and Credit Quality 

A summary of loans as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 follows: 

Real estate loans: 

Residential-mortgage 
Residential-construction 
Commercial 

Loans to individuals for household, family 
   and other consumer expenditures 
Commercial and industrial loans 
Total loans, gross 

Less unearned income and fees 

Loans, net of unearned income and fees 

Less allowance for credit losses 

Loans, net 

2023 

2022 

175,888     $ 
10,810      
219,885      

132,844      
102,010      
641,437      
(638 )    
640,799      
(4,511 )    
636,288     $ 

170,534  
11,281  
211,224  

136,338  
103,519  
632,896  
(572 ) 
632,324  
(3,853 ) 
628,471  

  $ 

  $ 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
   
   
   
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
   
   
   
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
In the normal course of business, First National Bank has made loans to executive officers and directors.  As of 
December 31, 2023, loans and extensions of credit to executive officers and directors totaled $586 as compared to 
$1,165 as of December 31, 2022. During 2023, one new consumer loan for $30 was made to a director.  The loan 
was made in the ordinary course of business on substantially the same terms and conditions, including interest rates 
and collateral, as those prevailing at the same time for comparable transactions with unrelated persons, and, in the 
opinion  of  management  and  the  Board,  do  not  involve  more  than  normal  risk  of  collectability  or  present  other 
unfavorable features.  

The fair value of loans, net of unearned income and fees, was $579,056 as of December 31, 2023 and $573,472 as 
of December 31, 2022. 

Loans  in  the  amount  of  $38,674  were  pledged  as  collateral  for  Pinnacle’s  available  FHLB  line  of  credit  as  of 
December 31, 2023. 

The following section presents information on Pinnacle’s allowance for credit losses and recorded investment in 
loans.  The  total  allowance  reflects  management’s  estimate  of  credit  losses  inherent  in  the  loan  portfolio  at  the 
balance  sheet  date.  While  portions  of  the  allowance  are  attributed  to  specific  portfolio  segments,  the  entire 
allowance is available to absorb credit losses inherent in the total loan portfolio.  The following table summarizes 
the activity related to allowance for credit losses under the CECL methodology. 

Allowance for Credit Losses and Recorded Investment in Loans 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 

   Commercial    

  Commercial    Real Estate 

   Consumer     Residential    Total 

Allowance for Credit Losses: 
Beginning balance 
     Adjustment to allowance for adoption of 
ASU 2016-13 
Charge-offs 
Recoveries 
(Recovery of) provision for credit losses    

  $ 

  $ 

Ending Balance 

  $ 

Allowance: 
Ending balance: individually evaluated 
Ending balance: collectively evaluated 
Ending balance: loans acquired with 
deteriorated 
   credit quality 

400      

1,389      

1,096      

968      

3,853  

(81 )    
(12 )    
13      
624      
944      

373      
571      

783      
—      
—      
(602 )    
1,570      

(477 )    
(273 )    
259      
219      
824      

376      
(29 )    
8      
(150 )    
1,173      

601  
(314 ) 
280  
91  
4,511  

35      
1,535      

—      
824      

—      
1,173      

408  
4,103  

  $ 

—      

—      

—      

—      

—  

Loans: 
Total loans ending balance 
Ending balance: individually evaluated 
Ending balance: collectively evaluated 
Ending balance: loans acquired with 
   deteriorated credit quality 

   Commercial    

  Commercial     Real Estate 

   Consumer    Residential     Total 

  $ 

102,010      
421      
101,584      

219,885      
535      
218,986      

132,844      
12      
132,819      

186,698       641,437  
2,287  
185,071       638,460  

1,319      

5      

364      

13      

308      

690  

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
  
 
    
    
    
    
   
 
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
   
 
Prior to the adoption of ASC 326 on January 1, 2023, the Company calculated the allowance for loan 
losses under the incurred loss methodology. The following tables are disclosures related to the allowance 
for loan losses in prior periods. 

Allowance for Loan Losses and Recorded Investment in Loans 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 

   Commercial   

  Commercial     Real Estate     Consumer     Residential     Total 

Allowance for Loan Losses: 
Beginning balance 
Charge-offs 
Recoveries 
(Recovery of) provision for loan losses 

Ending Balance 

  $ 

  $ 

311      
(13 )    
9      
93      
400      

1,440      
—      
—      
(51 )    
1,389      

793      
(221 )    
284      
240      
1,096      

1,119      
(24 )    
16      
(143 )    
968      

3,663  
(258 ) 
309  
139  
3,853  

Allowance: 
Ending balance: individually evaluated for 
   impairment 
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for 
   impairment 
Ending balance: loans acquired with 
deteriorated 
   credit quality 

—      

200      

—      

—      

200  

400      

1,189      

1,096      

968      

3,653  

  $ 

—      

—      

—      

—      

—  

Loans: 
Total loans ending balance 
Ending balance: individually evaluated for 
   impairment 
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for 
   impairment 
Ending balance: loans acquired with 
   deteriorated credit quality 

   Commercial    

  Commercial    Real Estate     Consumer     Residential    Total 

  $ 

103,519      

211,224      

136,338      

181,815       632,896  

18      

780      

15      

745      

1,558  

103,341      

206,740      

136,311      

178,304       624,696  

160      

3,704      

12      

2,766      

6,642  

The allowance for credit losses - unfunded loan commitments, included in Other liabilities on the Consolidated 
Balance Sheets, totaled $122 as of December 31, 2023 and was $142 as of December 31, 2022.  

Pinnacle  utilizes  a  risk  rating  matrix  to  assign  a  risk  grade  to  each  of  its  loans.    A  description  of  the  general 
characteristics of the risk grades is as follows: 

Pass – These loans have minimal or acceptable credit risk. 

Special Mention – These loans have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention.  If left 
uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan at 
some future date. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
   
  
 
    
    
    
    
   
 
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
   
 
 
Substandard – These loans are inadequately protected by the net worth or paying capacity of the obligor or 
collateral pledged, if any.  Loans classified as substandard must have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, 
which jeopardize the liquidation of the debt.  A substandard loan is characterized by the distinct probability 
that Pinnacle will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. 

Doubtful – These loans have all of the weakness inherent in one classified as substandard with the added 
characteristic that the weaknesses make collection liquidation in full, on the basis of the currently existing 
facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. 

The following table illustrates Pinnacle’s credit quality indicators: 

Credit Quality Indicators 
As of December 31, 2023 

Credit Exposure 
Pass 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
Doubtful 
Total 

Credit Exposure 
Pass 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
Doubtful 
Total 

   Commercial 
  Commercial    Real Estate 
  $ 

101,637      
—      
373      
—      
102,010      

  $ 

   Consumer    Residential     Total 

219,837      
—      
48      
—      
219,885      

132,707      
23      
114      
—      
132,844      

185,766       639,947  
620  
870  
—  
186,698       641,437  

597      
335      
—      

Credit Quality Indicators 
As of December 31, 2022 

   Commercial 
  Commercial    Real Estate 
  $ 

103,012      
—      
507      
—      
103,519      

  $ 

   Consumer    Residential     Total 

210,128      
299      
797      
—      
211,224      

136,164      
45      
129      
—      
136,338      

180,502       629,806  
1,028  
2,062  
—  
181,815       632,896  

684      
629      
—      

36 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table presents the Company’s recorded investment in loans by credit quality indicators by year of 
origination as of December 31, 2023: 

Loans by Year of Origination 

Total Recorded Investment 
Total Current period gross 
chargeoff 

2019  

2020     

2021     

$  37,600    

  64,612  

  118,476  

2022  

2023  
  178,069       136,645  

  Prior 
  106,035       641,437  

    Total 

—    

—  

—  

—      

—  

—      

—  

Commercial 
Pass 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
Total 
Current period gross chargeoff   

3,283    
—    
—    
3,283    
—    

8,300  

—      
—      
8,300      
9      

Commercial Real Estate 
Pass 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
Total 
Current period gross chargeoff   

  12,372    
—    
—    
  12,372    
—    

  24,605      
—      
—      
  24,605      
—     

27,079  

—      
—      

  26,909       19,778  

  16,288       101,637  
—  
373  
27,079       26,909       19,778       16,661       102,010  
12  

—      
373      

—      
—      

—      
—      

—      

—      

—      

3      

—      
—      

48,250       58,014       28,344       48,252       219,837  
—  
48  
48,250       58,062       28,344       48,252       219,885  
—  

—      
—      

—      
48      

—      
—      

—      

—      

—     

—  

Consumer 
Pass 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
Total 
Current period gross chargeoff   

4,988    
8    
—    
4,996    
9    

  11,663  
—  
—  
  11,663  
14  

12,685  
15  
—  
12,700  
80  

—      
111      

  52,579       44,221  
—  
—  
  52,690       44,221  
15  

118      

—      
3      

6,571       132,707  
23  
114  
6,574       132,844  
273  

37      

30,447       40,408       44,302       33,882       185,766  
597  
335  
  34,548       186,698  
29  

  40,408       44,302  
1  

30,447  
—  

399      
267      

—      

28      

—      

—      

—      

Residential 
Pass 
Special Mention 
Substandard 
Total 
Current period gross chargeoff   

  16,751    
198    
—    
  16,949    
—    

  19,976      

68      

  20,044  
—  

37 

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
   
    
   
 
   
 
    
   
 
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
   
    
    
    
    
    
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
   
    
   
 
   
 
    
   
 
    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
   
 
   
 
    
   
 
    
   
    
   
 
   
 
    
   
 
    
   
 
    
    
    
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table represents an age analysis of Pinnacle’s past due loans: 

Age Analysis of Past Due Loans 
As of December 31, 2023 

30-59 
Days 

  Greater    Total 
  Past 
  Than 
Past Due    Past Due    90 Days    Due 

60-89 
  Days 

Commercial  $ 
Commercial 
real estate 
Consumer 
Residential 
Total 

$ 

1    

28    
72    
88    
189    

—    

—    
—    
84    
84    

—    

—    
—    
—    
—    

  Total 
  Current    Loans 
1     102,009     102,010    

28     219,857     219,885    
72     132,772     132,844    
172     186,526     186,698    
273     641,164     641,437    

  Non- 
  Total 
  accrual 
  with no 
  Non- 
  Allowance    accrual    Accruing 

  Recorded 
  Investment   
 90 Days and  

—    

—    

—    
12    
1,010    
1,022    

535    
12    
1,010    
1,557    

—  

—  
—  
—  
—  

Age Analysis of Past Due Loans 
As of December 31, 2022 

30-59 
Days 

  60-89 
  Days 

 Greater    Total   
  Than 

  Past 
Past Due    Past Due    90 Days    Due 

  Total 
  Current    Loans 
74     103,445     103,519    

—    

Commercial  $ 
Commercial 
real estate 
Consumer 
Residential 
Total 

$ 

74    

100    
204    
384    
762    

—    

—    
20    
58    
78    

100     211,124     211,224    
—    
224     136,114     136,338    
—    
221    
663     181,152     181,815    
221     1,061     631,835     632,896    

  Non- 
  Total 
  accrual 
  with no 
  Non- 
 Allowance    accrual    Accruing 

  Recorded 
  Investment   
  90 Days and   

95    

95    

—    
15    
734    
844    

717    
15    
734    
1,561    

—  

—  
—  
221  
221  

The Company did not modify any loans for borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during 2023. Accordingly, 
the Company did not have any loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty that were modified during 
2023 that subsequently defaulted. A default on a modified loan is defined as being past due 90 days or being out of 
compliance with the modification agreement.  The following table presents information on Pinnacle’s individually 
evaluated loans and their related allowance for credit losses: 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individually Evaluated Loans 
As of December 31, 2023 

   Unpaid 
  Recorded     Principal 
  Investment     Balance 

   Average 
   Related 
   Recorded    
   Allowance     Investment     Recognized  

Interest 
Income 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

48      
—      
12      
1,319      

373      
535      
—      
—      

421      
535      
12      
1,319     $ 
2,287      

48      
—      
12      
1,319      

373      
535      
—      
—      

421      
535      
12      
1,319      
2,287      

—      
—      
—      
—      

373      
35      
—      
—      

373      
35      
—      
—      
408      

290      
370      
14      
1,295      

187      
626      
—      
—      

477      
996      
14      
1,295      
2,782      

—  
4  
1  
39  

37  
—  
—  
—  

37  
4  
1  
39  
81  

Impaired Loans 
For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 

   Unpaid 
  Recorded     Principal 
  Investment     Balance 

   Average 
   Related 
   Recorded    
   Allowance     Investment     Recognized  

Interest 
Income 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

95      
740      
15      
1,271      

—      
717      
—      
—      

95      
1,457      
15      
1,271      
2,838      

95      
740      
15      
1,271      

—      
717      
—      
—      

95      
1,457      
15      
1,271      
2,838      

—      
—      
—      
—      

—      
200      
—      
—      

—      
200      
—      
—      
200      

195      
756      
29      
1,303      

—      
359      
—      
—      

195      
1,115      
29      
1,303      
2,642      

—  
36  
—  
29  

—  
25  
—  
—  

—  
61  
—  
29  
90  

With no related allowance recorded: 

Commercial 
Commercial real estate 
Consumer 
Residential 

With related allowance recorded: 

Commercial 
Commercial real estate 
Consumer 
Residential 

Total: 

Commercial 
Commercial real estate 
Consumer 
Residential 

Total 

With no related allowance recorded: 

Commercial 
Commercial real estate 
Consumer 
Residential 

With related allowance recorded: 

Commercial 
Commercial real estate 
Consumer 
Residential 

Total: 

Commercial 
Commercial real estate 
Consumer 
Residential 

Total 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
   
 
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
   
 
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
   
 
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
   
 
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
   
The following presents information on Pinnacle’s nonaccrual loans: 

Loans in Nonaccrual Status 
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022 

Commercial 
Commercial real estate 
Consumer 
Residential 
Total 

2023 

2022 

—     $ 
535      
12      
1,010      
1,557     $ 

95  
717  
15  
734  
1,561  

  $ 

  $ 

Pinnacle had three loan modifications totaling $357 as of December 31, 2023.   

Pinnacle  offers  a  variety  of  modifications  to  borrowers.    The  modification  categories  offered  can  generally  be 
described in the following categories. 

Rate Modification is a modification in which the interest rate is changed. 

Term Modification is a modification in which the maturity date, timing of payments or frequency of payments is 
changed. 

Interest Only Modification is a modification in which the loan is converted to interest only payments for a period 
of time. 

Payment Modification is a modification in which the dollar amount of the payment is changed, other than an interest 
only modification described above. 

Combination Modification is any other type of modification, including the restructuring of two or more loan terms 
through the use of multiple categories above.  

There were no additional commitments to extend credit related to these loan modifications that were outstanding 
as of December 31, 2023.   

40 

 
 
 
 
  
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
The  following  tables  present  loan  modifications  as  of  December  31,  2023  and  troubled  debt  restructures  as  of 
December 31, 2022: 

Commercial 
Commercial real estate 
Consumer 
Residential 
Total 

Commercial 
Commercial real estate 
Consumer 
Residential 
Total 

December 31, 2023 

Accrual 
Status 

Non-Accrual 
Status 

Loan 

   Modifications 

—      
48      
—      
309      
357      

—      
—      
—      
—      
—      

—  
48  
—  
309  
357  

December 31, 2022 

Accrual 
Status 

Non-Accrual 
Status 

Total 
Troubled Debt 
Restructuring 

—      
740      
—      
316      
1,056      

—      
—      
—      
—      
—      

—  
740  
—  
316  
1,056  

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

For  2023,  Pinnacle  had  no  new  loan  modifications  and  no  loans  with  modifications  that  experienced  payment 
defaults.  

(5)  Bank Premises and Equipment 

Bank premises and equipment, net was comprised of the following as of December 31, 2023 and 2022: 

Land improvements 
Buildings 
Equipment, furniture and fixtures 

Less accumulated depreciation 

Land 
Construction in progress 

Bank premises and equipment, net 

2023 

2022 

783     $ 

20,847      
9,254      
30,884      
(13,962 )    
16,922      
4,258      
317      
21,497     $ 

783  
20,706  
8,834  
30,323  
(12,884 ) 
17,439  
4,258  
45  
21,742  

  $ 

  $ 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
   
  
   
   
  
   
   
   
(6)  Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets 

The following is a summary of the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of amortizable intangible 
assets as December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and the carrying amount of unamortizable intangible assets 
as of the same dates. 

December 31, 2023 
Gross Carrying      Accumulated 
    Amortization 

Amount 

December 31, 2022 

    Gross Carrying 

Amount 

    Accumulated   
    Amortization   

Amortizable Intangible Assets: 
 Core Deposit Intangible 

Unamortizable Intangible Assets: 
   Goodwill 

$ 

$ 

1,600      

507     $ 

1,600      

347  

539      

    $ 

539      

Amortization expense of all other intangible assets totaled $0 for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, 
respectively. 

The following table presents the estimated amortization expense schedule related to acquisition-related amortizable 
intangible  assets  for  each  of  the  five  calendar  years  ending  December  31,  2028  and  the  estimated  amount 
amortizable thereafter.  These estimates are subject to change in future periods to the extent management determines 
it is necessary to adjust the carrying value or estimated useful lives of amortizable intangible assets. 

2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 

Thereafter 

Total 

(7)  Deposits 

A summary of deposits as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022: 

Noninterest-bearing demand deposits 
Interest-bearing: 

Savings and money market accounts 
NOW accounts 
Time deposits – under $250,000 
Time deposits – $250,000 and over 
Total interest-bearing deposits 
Total deposits 

42 

Estimated 

  Amortization 

Expense 

$ 

$ 

160  
160   
160   
160   
160   
293   
1,093  

2023 

2022 

  $ 

269,502     $ 

286,833  

358,452      
137,816      
145,512      
21,162      
662,942      
932,444     $ 

355,927  
156,090  
92,448  
7,940  
612,405  
899,238  

  $ 

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
In the normal course of business, First National Bank has received deposits from executive officers and directors. 
As  of  December  31,  2023  and  December  31,  2022,  deposits  from  executive  officers  and  directors  were 
approximately  $17,750  and  $20,980,  respectively.  All  such  deposits  were  received  in  the  ordinary  course  of 
business on substantially the same terms and conditions, including interest rates, as those prevailing at the same 
time for comparable transactions with unrelated persons. 

The fair value of deposits was $757,115 as of December 31, 2023 and $688,824 as of December 31, 2022. 

(8)  Borrowings 

As  of  December  31,  2023  and  December  31,  2022,  Pinnacle’s  available  borrowing  limit  with  the  FHLB  was 
approximately $245,712 and $246,398, respectively. Pinnacle had $0 in borrowings from the FHLB outstanding at 
December 31, 2023. Additionally, Pinnacle has liquidity borrowing capabilities with three correspondent banks 
totaling $48,000 with $0 outstanding as of December 31, 2023. 

As of September 21, 2020 Pinnacle completed a private placement of $8,000 in fixed-to-floating rate subordinated 
notes due 2030 (the “Notes”). The Notes have been structured to qualify as Tier 2 capital under bank regulatory 
guidelines  in  the  future.    The  proceeds  from  the  sale  of  the  Notes  were  utilized  to  fund  a  portion  of  the  cash 
consideration paid by Pinnacle in connection with its merger with Virginia Bank and to provide optionality for 
various  growth  opportunities  and  for  general  corporate  purposes.  The  Notes  bear  interest  at  5.25%  per  annum, 
beginning September 18, 2020 to, but excluding September 30, 2025, payable quarterly in arrears. From September 
30,  2025  to,  but  excluding  September  30,  2030,  or  up  to  an  early  redemption  date,  the  interest  rate  shall  reset 
quarterly to an interest rate per annum equal to the then current three-month Secured Overnight Financing Rate 
(“SOFR”) plus 513 basis points, payable quarterly in arrears. Beginning on September 30, 2025 through maturity, 
the Notes may be redeemed, at Pinnacle’s option and subject to any required regulatory approval, on any scheduled 
interest payment date. The Notes will mature on September 30, 2030. 

Pinnacle borrowed $2,000 under a fixed-to-floating rate promissory note due 2030 (the “Promissory Note”) in the 
fourth quarter of 2020. The Promissory Note bears interest at 5.25% per annum, beginning December 18, 2020 to 
but  excluding  December  31,  2025,  payable  quarterly  in  arrears.  From  December  31,  2025  to  but  excluding 
December 31, 2030, or up to an early redemption date, the interest rate shall reset quarterly to an interest rate per 
annum  equal  to  the  then  current  three-month  SOFR  plus  515  basis  points,  payable  quarterly  in  arrears.  The 
Promissory Note will mature on December 31, 2030. 

(9)  Employee Benefit Plans 

First National Bank maintains a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan that covers substantially all of its 
employees. Benefits are computed based on employees’ average final compensation and years of credited service. 
Pension expenses amounted to approximately $550 and $1,122 in 2023 and 2022, respectively.   

43 

 
The components of net pension benefit cost under the plan for the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is 
summarized as follows: 

Change in Benefit Obligation 
Benefit obligation at beginning of year 
Service cost 
Interest cost 
Actuarial income 
Benefits paid 
Settlement Gain 

Benefit obligation at end of year 

Change in Plan Assets 
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year 
Actual return on plan assets 
Employer contribution 
Benefits paid 

Projected fair value of plan assets at end of year 

Funded Status at the End of the Year 
Amounts Recognized in the Balance Sheet 
Other liabilities, accrued pension 
Amounts Recognized in Accumulated Other 
   Comprehensive 

Income Net of Tax Effect 
Unrecognized actuarial (loss)/gain 
Prior service cost 
Income tax effect 

Benefit obligation included in accumulated other 
   comprehensive income 

Funded Status 
Benefit obligation 
Fair value of assets 
Unrecognized net actuarial gain/(loss) 
Unrecognized prior service cost 
Funded Status at December 31 

Weighted Average Assumptions as of December 31, 2023 and  2022 : 
Discount rate used for net periodic pension cost 
Discount rate used for disclosure 
Expected long-term return on plan assets used for net periodic pension cost 
Rate of compensation increase for disclosure 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

2023 

2022 

  $ 

13,321  
723  
626 
1,098  
(1,014 )     
—  
14,754  

  $ 

12,352  
1,560  
—  
(1,014 )     
12,898  
(1,856 )     

20,886  
1,298  
509 
(7,285 ) 
(1,882 ) 
(205 ) 
13,321  

15,519  
(3,285 ) 
2,000  
(1,882 ) 
12,352  
(969 ) 

(1,856 )     

(969 ) 

(221 )     
(128 )     
74  

164  
(137 ) 
(6 ) 

(275 )    $ 

21  

(14,754 )     
12,898  
  $ 
220  
128  
(1,508 )    $ 

(13,321 ) 
12,352  
(164 ) 
137  
(996 ) 

Pension Benefits 

2023 

2022 

4.95 %    
4.75 %    
7.25 %    
3.00 %    

2.60 % 
4.95 % 
7.25 % 
3.00 % 

The  estimated  portion  of  prior  service  cost  and  net  transition  obligation  included  in  accumulated  other 
comprehensive income that will be recognized as a component of net periodic pension cost over the next fiscal year 
is $548. 

44 

 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
  
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
 
  
   
   
   
 
 
Pinnacle  selects  the  expected  long-term  rate-of-return-on-assets  assumption  in  consultation  with  its  investment 
advisors and actuary. This rate is intended to reflect the average rate of return expected to be earned on the funds 
invested or to be invested to provide plan benefits. Historical performance is reviewed especially with respect to 
real rates of return (net of inflation) for the major asset classes held or anticipated to be held by the trust, and for 
the trust itself. Undue weight is not given to recent experience, which may not continue over the measurement 
period, and higher significance is placed on current forecasts of future long-term economic conditions. 

Because assets are held in a qualified trust, anticipated returns are not reduced for taxes. Further, solely for this 
purpose,  the  plan  is  assumed  to  continue  in  force  and  not  terminate  during  the  period  during  which  assets  are 
invested. However, consideration is given to the potential impact of current and future investment policy, cash flow 
into and out of the trust, and expenses (both investment and non-investment) typically paid from plan assets (to the 
extent such expenses are not explicitly estimated within periodic cost). 

The components of net pension benefit cost under the plan for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is 
summarized as follows: 

Service cost 
Interest cost 
Expected return on plan assets 
Amortization of Prior Service Cost 

Recognized net loss due to settlement 

Recognized net actuarial loss 
Net pension benefit cost 

Gross gain recognized in other comprehensive 
   income 
Total Recognized in Net Pension Benefit Cost and 
   Other Comprehensive Income 

Projected Benefit Payments 

  $ 

  $ 

Pension Benefits 

2023 

2022 

723     $ 
626    
(847 )    
9      
—      
—    
511     $ 

1,299  
509   
(1,031 ) 
9  
247  
75   
1,108  

376      

(3,506 ) 

  $ 

887     $ 

(2,398 ) 

The projected benefit payments under the plan are summarized as follows for the years ending December 31: 

2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 
2029-2033 

  $ 

  $ 

1,031  
928  
748  
436  
550  
4,403  

Plan Asset Allocation 

Plan assets are held in a pooled pension trust fund administered by the Virginia Bankers Association. The pooled 
pension trust fund is sufficiently diversified to maintain a reasonable level of risk without imprudently sacrificing 
return, with a targeted asset allocation of 38% fixed income and 62% equities. The Investment Manager selects 
investment  fund  managers  with  demonstrated  experience  and  expertise,  and  funds  with  demonstrated  historical 
performance,  for  the  implementation  of  the  pension  plan’s  investment  strategy.  The  Investment  Manager  will 
consider both actively and passively managed investment strategies and will allocate funds across the asset classes 
to develop an efficient investment structure. 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
It is the responsibility of the Virginia Bankers Association to administer the investments of the pooled pension trust 
fund within reasonable costs, being careful to avoid sacrificing quality. These costs include, but are not limited to, 
management and custodial fees, consulting fees, transaction costs and other administrative costs. 

The asset or liability’s fair value measurement level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of 
any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.  Valuation techniques used need to maximize the use of 
observable  inputs  and  minimize  the  use  of  unobservable  inputs.    Following  is  a  description  of  the  valuation 
methodologies used for assets measured at fair value. 

Mutual funds-fixed income and equity funds:  Valued at the net asset value of shares held at year-end. 

Cash and equivalents:  Valued at cost which approximates fair value. 

The preceding methods described may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable 
value  or  reflective  of  future  fair  values.    Furthermore,  although  Pinnacle  believes  its  valuation  methods  are 
appropriate  and  consistent with  other  market  participants,  the  use  of  different methodologies  or assumptions  to 
determine  fair  value  of  certain  financial  instruments  could  result  in  a  different  fair  value  measurement  as  of 
December 31, 2023 and 2022. 

The following table presents the fair value of the assets, by asset category, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. 

Mutual funds-fixed income 
Mutual funds-equity 
Total assets at fair value 

2023 

2022 

5,159     $ 
7,739      
12,898     $ 

4,694  
7,658  
12,352  

  $ 

  $ 

The following table sets forth by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the assets carried at fair value as of December 
31, 2023 and 2022. 

Mutual funds-fixed income 
Mutual funds-equity 
Total assets at fair value 

Mutual funds-fixed income 
Mutual funds-equity 
Total assets at fair value 

Contributions 

Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2023 
Total 

   Level 3 

   Level 2 

—      
—      
—      

—      
—      
—      

5,159  
7,739  
12,898  

Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2022 
Total 

   Level 3 

   Level 2 

  Level 1 
  $ 

5,159      
7,739      
12,898      

  $ 

  Level 1 
  $ 

4,694      
7,658      
12,352      

  $ 

—      
—      
—      

—      
—      
—      

4,694  
7,658  
12,352  

Pinnacle contributed $1,000 to its pension plan on January 17, 2024 and $2,000 on December 30, 2022. 

Pinnacle also has a 401(k) plan under which Pinnacle matches employee contributions to the plan.  In 2023 and 
2022, Pinnacle matched 100% of the first 1% of salary deferral and 50% of the next 5% of salary deferral to the 
401(k) plan.  The amount expensed for the 401(k) plan was $318 during the year ended December 31, 2023 and 
$299 during the year ended December 31, 2022.   

46 

 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
(10)  Income Taxes 

Income tax expense attributable to income before income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 
2022 is summarized as follows: 

Current 
Deferred 

Total income tax expense 

2023 

2022 

2,293     $ 
(269 )    
2,024     $ 

1,782  
12  
1,794  

  $ 

  $ 

Reported income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 differed from the amounts computed 
by applying the U.S. Federal income tax rate of 21% for 2023 and 2022 to income before income tax expense as a 
result of the following: 

Computed at statutory Federal tax rate 
Increase (reduction) in income tax expense 

resulting from: 

Tax-exempt interest 
Disallowance of interest expense 
Other, net 

Reported income tax expense 

2023 

2022 

  $ 

2,475     $ 

2,108  

(111 )    
13      
(353 )    
2,024     $ 

(108 ) 
2  
(208 ) 
1,794  

  $ 

The tax effects of temporary differences that gave rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred 
tax liabilities as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 are as follows: 

Deferred tax assets: 

Loans, principally due to allowance for credit losses 
Defined benefit plan valuation adjustments 
Accrued pension 
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale 
   securities 
Other 

Total gross deferred tax assets 

Deferred tax liabilities: 

Bank premises and equipment, due to differences 
   in depreciation 
Defined benefit plan valuation adjustments 
Other 

Total gross deferred tax liabilities 
Net deferred tax asset 

2023 

2022 

947     $ 
73      
317      

3,138      
189      
4,664      

(1,347 )    
—      
(236 )    
(1,583 )    
3,081     $ 

765  
—  
209  

4,177  
108  
5,259  

(1,053 ) 
(5 ) 
(473 ) 
(1,531 ) 
3,728  

  $ 

  $ 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
    
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
First National Bank has determined that a valuation allowance for the gross deferred tax assets is not necessary as 
of December 31, 2023 and 2022, since realization of the entire gross deferred tax assets can be supported by the 
amounts of taxes paid during the carry back periods available under current tax laws.   

Pinnacle did not recognize any interest or penalties related to income tax during the years ended December 31, 2023 
and 2022.  Pinnacle does not have an accrual for uncertain tax positions as deductions taken and benefits accrued 
are based on widely understood administrative practices and procedures and are based on clear and unambiguous 
tax law.  Tax returns for all years from 2019 and thereafter are subject to future examination by tax authorities. 

(11)  Financial Instruments with Off-Balance-Sheet Risk 

Pinnacle is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the 
financing  needs  of  its  customers.  These  financial  instruments  include  mortgage  sale  lock  commitments, 
commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These instruments may involve, to varying degrees, 
credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance sheets. The contract amounts of these instruments 
reflect the extent of involvement First National Bank has in particular classes of financial instruments. 

Credit risk is defined as the possibility of sustaining a loss because the other parties to a financial instrument fail to 
perform  in  accordance  with  the  terms  of  the  contract.  Pinnacle’s  maximum  exposure  to  credit  loss  under 
commitments  to  extend  credit  and  standby  letters  of  credit  is  represented  by  the  contractual  amount  of  these 
instruments. Pinnacle uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does 
for on-balance-sheet instruments. 

Pinnacle  requires  collateral  to  support  financial  instruments  when  it  is  deemed  necessary.  First  National  Bank 
evaluates  such  customers’  creditworthiness  on  a  case-by-case  basis.  The  amount  of  collateral  obtained  upon 
extension of credit is based on management’s credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral may include deposits 
held in financial institutions, U.S. Treasury securities, other marketable securities, real estate, accounts receivable, 
inventory, and property, plant and equipment. 

Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk: 

Commitments to extend credit 
Standby letters of credit 

Contract amounts at 
December 31, 

2023 

2022 

  $ 
  $ 

126,518     $ 
6,072     $ 

123,304  
6,535  

In the ordinary course of business, Pinnacle may enter into mortgage rate lock commitments that are subsequently 
funded by Pinnacle. Pinnacle then sells the mortgage loan to a secondary market bank that had underwritten the 
mortgage loan before Pinnacle funded the loan.  The secondary market bank pays a fee that was agreed upon on the 
lock commitment date to Pinnacle and buys the loan within five days of the initial funding by Pinnacle. 

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition 
established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and 
may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, 
the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.  Each client’s creditworthiness 
if  deemed  necessary 
is  evaluated  on  a  case-by-case  basis.  The  amount  of  collateral  obtained, 
upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the client. Collateral held varies, but may 
include  accounts    receivable,  inventory,  property,  plant  and  equipment,  and  income  producing  commercial 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
properties.  The  Company’s  allowance  for  credit  losses  -  unfunded  loan  commitments  was  $122  and  $142,  at 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. 

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by First National Bank to guarantee the performance 
of  a  customer  to  a  third  party.  These  guarantees  are  primarily  issued  to  support  public  and  private  borrowing 
arrangements, including bond financing and similar transactions. Unless renewed, substantially all of Pinnacle’s 
standby letters of credit commitments as of December 31, 2023 will expire within one year. Management does not 
anticipate any material losses as a result of these transactions. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is 
essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers. 

(12)  Leases 

Pinnacle's  leases  are  recorded  under  ASC  Topic  842  “Leases.”  The  right-of-use  assets  and  lease  liabilities  are 
included in other assets and other liabilities, respectively, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  Lease liabilities 
represent Pinnacle's obligation to make lease payments and are presented at each reporting date as the net present 
value of the remaining contractual cash flows. Cash flows are discounted at the Pinnacle's incremental borrowing 
rate  in  effect  at  the  commencement  date  of  the  lease.  Right-of-use  assets  represent  Pinnacle’s  right  to  use  the 
underlying asset for the lease term and are calculated as the sum of the lease liability and if applicable, prepaid rent, 
initial  direct  costs  and  any  incentives  received  from  the  lessor.  Pinnacle  currently  leases  three  of  its  operating 
locations  under  long-term  leases  (greater  than  12  months).  These  locations  are  classified  as  operating  leases. 
Generally,  operating  leases  provide for  one  or  more renewal  options  on the  same  basis as current  rental terms.  
Certain leases require increased rentals under cost-of-living escalation clauses. The lease agreements do not provide 
for residual value guarantees and have no restrictions or covenants that would impact dividends or require incurring 
additional financial obligations.  Lease expense for all leases in 2023 was $379. 

Pinnacle entered into a lease of the Amherst branch facility, with an entity in which a prior director of Pinnacle has 
a 50% ownership interest, in 2009.  The original term of the lease is twenty years and may be renewed at Pinnacle’s 
option for two additional terms of five years each.  Pinnacle’s current rental payment under the lease is currently 
$178 annually.  

The following table represents information about Pinnacle's leases. 

Short-term lease liability (included in Other liabilities on Consolidated 
Balance Sheets) 
Long-term lease liability (included in Other liabilities on Consolidated 
Balance Sheets) 
Right-of-use assets (included in Other assets on Consolidated Balance 
Sheets) 
Weighted average remaining lease term 
Weighted average discount rate 

$   

$   

$   

December 31, 2023 

274  

1,046  

1,291  
4.97 years 

1.54 % 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The following are future minimum lease payments as required under the agreements:            

Year 
2024 
2025 
2026 
2027 
2028 
Thereafter 
Total 
Less:  present value discount 
Total lease liabilities 

Payments 

292  
272  
275  
278  
148  
106  
1,371  
(51 ) 
1,320  

$  

$  

$  

(13)  Concentrations of Credit Risk and Contingencies 

Pinnacle  grants  commercial,  residential  and  consumer  loans  to  customers  primarily  in  the  central  and  southern  
regions of Virginia. As a whole, the portfolio is affected by general economic conditions in the central and southern 
regions of Virginia. 

Pinnacle’s commercial and real estate loan portfolios are diversified, with no significant concentrations of credit 
other  than  the  geographic focus on  the  central  and  southern  regions  of  Virginia.  The  installment  loan portfolio 
consists of consumer loans primarily for automobiles and other personal property. Overall, Pinnacle’s loan portfolio 
is diversified and is not concentrated within a single industry or group of industries, the loss of any one or more of 
which would generate a materially adverse impact on the business of Pinnacle. 

Pinnacle has established operating policies relating to the credit process and collateral in loan originations. Loans 
to  purchase  real  and  personal  property  are  generally  collateralized  by  the  related  property.  Credit  approval  is 
primarily based on the creditworthiness of the borrower, the ability to repay and the value of the collateral pledged. 

At times, Pinnacle may have cash and cash equivalents at a financial institution in excess of insured limits.  Pinnacle 
places its cash and cash equivalents with high credit quality financial institutions whose credit rating and financial 
condition are monitored by management to minimize credit risk. 

In the ordinary course of business, various claims and lawsuits are brought by and against Pinnacle. In the opinion 
of management, there is no pending or threatened proceeding in which an adverse decision could result in a material 
adverse change in Pinnacle’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations. 

(14)  Dividend Restrictions and Capital Requirements 

Pinnacle’s principal source of funds for dividend payments is dividends received from its subsidiary Bank.  For 
2023 and 2022, dividends from the subsidiary Bank totaled $2,653 and $2,058, respectively.   

Substantially all of Pinnacle’s retained earnings consist of undistributed earnings of its subsidiary Bank, which are 
restricted  by  various regulations  administered by  federal  banking  regulatory  agencies.  Under  applicable  federal 
laws, the Comptroller of the Currency restricts, without prior approval, the total dividend payments of First National 
Bank in any calendar year to the net profits of that year, as defined, combined with the retained net profits for the 
two preceding years. 

Pinnacle and First National Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal 
bank regulatory agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on Pinnacle’s 
consolidated  financial  statements.  Under  capital  adequacy  guidelines  and  the  regulatory  framework  for  prompt 
corrective action, Pinnacle and First National Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative 
measures of their assets, liabilities and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting 
practices.  Pinnacle  and  First  National  Bank’s  capital  amounts  and  classification  are  also  subject  to  qualitative 
judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors. 

Beginning January 1, 2015, Pinnacle and First National Bank became subject to the Basel III  Capital Rules. In 
addition, a new ratio, Common Equity Tier 1 or “CET 1” Risk-Based Capital Ratio, is now measured and monitored. 
Pinnacle and First National Bank's actual regulatory capital amounts and ratios as of December 31, 2023 and 20221, 
are listed below. The disclosure below reflects Pinnacle’s consolidated capital as determined under regulations that 
apply to bank holding companies that are not small bank holding companies and minimum capital requirements 
that would apply to Pinnacle if it were not subject to the Statement (as defined below): 

Regulatory Capital Ratios as of December 31, 2023 

Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio (to Risk Weighted 
   Assets) 
CET 1 Risk Based Capital Ratio (to Risk Weighted 
   Assets) 
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio (to Risk Weighted 
   Assets) 
Tier 1 Leverage Capital Ratio (to Average Assets) 

Regulatory Capital Ratios as of December 31, 2022 

Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio (to Risk Weighted 
   Assets) 
CET 1 Risk Based Capital Ratio (to Risk Weighted 
   Assets) 
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio (to Risk Weighted 
   Assets) 
Tier 1 Leverage Capital Ratio (to Average Assets) 

Pinnacle  
Consolidated 

First  
National Bank 

  Amount    

Ratio 

    Amount    

Ratio 

  $  84,572      

12.60 %   $  91,494      

13.67 % 

  $  79,939      

11.91 %   $  86,861      

12.98 % 

  $  79,939      
  $  79,939      

11.91 %   $  86,861      
8.10 %   $  86,861      

12.98 % 
8.82 % 

Pinnacle  
Consolidated 

First  
National Bank 

  Amount    

Ratio 

    Amount    

Ratio 

  $  76,152      

11.55 %   $  83,071      

12.63 % 

  $  72,157      

10.94 %   $  79,076      

12.03 % 

  $  72,157      

10.94 %   $  79,076      

12.03 % 

  $  72,157      

7.34 %   $  79,076      

8.06 % 

The  Basel  III  Capital  Rules  limit  capital  distributions  and  certain  discretionary  bonus  payments  if  the  banking 
organization does not hold a “capital conservation buffer” consisting of 2.50% of CET1 capital, Tier 1 capital and 
total  capital  to  risk  weighted  assets  in  addition  to  the  amount  necessary  to  meet  minimum  risk-based  capital 
requirements. Basel III requires (i) a minimum ratio of CET1 capital to risk weighted assets of at least 4.50%, plus 
a 2.50% capital conservation buffer, (ii) a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets of at least 6.00%, 
plus the capital conservation buffer, (iii) a minimum ratio of total capital to risk weighted assets of at least 8.00%, 
plus the 2.50% capital conservation buffer and (iv) a minimum leverage ratio of 4.00%.  

First National Bank was considered “well capitalized” as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. 

In August 2018, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System updated the Small Bank Holding Company 
Policy  Statement  (the  “Statement”).  The  Statement,  among  other  things,  exempts  qualifying  bank  holding 
companies with consolidated assets of less than $3 billion from reporting consolidated regulatory capital ratios and 
from minimum regulatory capital requirements. Pinnacle expects that it  will be treated as a small bank holding 
company and will not be subject to regulatory capital requirements on a consolidated basis. At December 31, 2023, 

51 

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
Pinnacle’s regulatory capital ratios exceeded all minimum capital requirements that would have applied to Pinnacle 
if it were not a small bank holding company. 

(15)  Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments 

GAAP requires Pinnacle to disclose estimated fair values of its financial instruments. 

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the approximate fair value of each class of financial 
instrument for which it is practicable to estimate that value. 

(a)  Securities 

The fair value of securities is estimated based on bid prices as quoted on national exchanges or bid quotations 
received from securities dealers. The fair value of certain state and municipal securities is not readily available 
through market sources other than dealer quotations; so fair value estimates are based on quoted market prices 
of similar instruments, adjusted for differences between the quoted instruments and the instruments being 
valued. 

(b)  Loans 

Fair values are estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated 
by type such as commercial, real estate - residential, real estate - commercial, loans to individuals and other 
loans. Each loan category is further segmented into fixed and adjustable-rate interest terms. 

The fair value of fixed rate loans is calculated by discounting scheduled cash flows through the estimated 
maturity using estimated market discount rates that reflect the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the loan 
as well as estimates for prepayments. The estimate of maturity is based on Pinnacle’s historical experience 
with repayments for each loan classification, modified, as required, by an estimate of the effect of current 
economic and lending conditions. 

(c)  Deposits  

The fair value of demand deposits, NOW accounts, and savings deposits is the amount payable on demand. 
The fair value of fixed maturity time deposits, certificates of deposit is estimated by discounting scheduled 
cash flows through  the  estimated  maturity  using  the rates  currently  offered  for deposits  or  borrowings  of 
similar remaining maturities. 

(d)  Commitments to Extend Credit and Standby Letters of Credit 

The only amounts recorded for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit are the deferred 
fees arising from these unrecognized financial instruments. These deferred fees are not deemed significant as 
of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and as such, the related fair values have not been estimated.  

Fair  value  estimates  are  made  at  a  specific  point  in  time,  based  on  relevant  market  information  and 
information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could 
result  from  offering  for  sale  at  one  time  Pinnacle’s  entire  holdings  of  a  particular  financial  instrument. 
Because no market exists for a significant portion of Pinnacle’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are 
based  on  judgments  regarding  future  expected  loss  experience,  current  economic  conditions,  risk 
characteristics of various financial instruments and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and 
involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. 
Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates. 

52 

 
Fair value estimates are based on existing on and off-balance sheet financial instruments without attempting 
to estimate the value of anticipated funding needs and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered 
financial instruments. Significant assets that are not considered financial assets include deferred tax assets 
and  premises  and  equipment  and  other real estate  owned.  In  addition, the  tax ramifications  related to the 
realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have 
not been considered in the estimates. 

(e)  Fair Value Methodologies 

The following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value. 

Available-for-Sale Securities 

Available-for-sale securities are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.  Fair value measurement is based 
upon quoted prices, if available, and would in such case be included as a Level 1 asset.  As of December 31, 
2023  and  December  31,  2022,  Pinnacle  currently  carried  no  Level  1  securities.    If  quoted  prices  are  not 
available,  valuations  are  obtained  from  readily  available  pricing  sources  from  independent  providers  for 
market transactions involving similar assets or liabilities.  Pinnacle’s principal market for these securities is 
the secondary institutional markets, and valuations are based on observable market data in those markets.  
These  would  be  classified  as  Level  2  assets.    Pinnacle’s  entire  available-for-sale  securities  portfolio  was 
classified as Level 2 securities at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2023 and 
December 31, 2022, Pinnacle carried no Level 3 securities for which fair value would be determined using 
unobservable inputs. 

Loans  

For 2023, Pinnacle did not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis.  However, from time to time,  loans 
are individually evaluated and a specific allowance for credit losses may be established for that loan.  Loans 
for  which  it  is  probable  that  payment  of  interest  and  principal  will  not  be  made  in  accordance  with  the 
contractual  terms  of  the  loan  agreement  are  individually  evaluated.    The  fair  value  of  impaired  loans  is 
estimated using one of several methods, including collateral value, market value of a similar debt, liquidation 
value and discounted cash flows.  Loans individually evaluated not requiring an allowance represent loans at 
which fair value of the expected repayments or collateral exceed the recorded investments in such loans.  As 
of December 31, 2023, substantially all loans individually evaluated were evaluated based on the fair value 
of the collateral.   

For  2022,  loans  for  which  it  was  probable  that  payment  of  interest  and  principal  will  not  be  made  in 
accordance  with the  contractual  terms  of  the  loan  agreement  was  considered  impaired.   Once  a  loan  was 
identified as individually impaired, management measured impairment in accordance with ASC Topic 360, 
Impairment  of  a  Loan.   The  fair  value  of  impaired  loans  was  estimated  using  one  of  several  methods, 
including collateral value, market value of a similar debt, liquidation value and discounted cash flows.  Those 
impaired loans not requiring an allowance represented loans at which fair value of the expected repayments 
or collateral exceeded the recorded investments in such loans.  As of December 31, 2022, substantially all of 
the impaired loans were evaluated based on the fair value of the collateral.  In accordance with Impairment 
of a Loan, impaired loans where an allowance is established based on the fair value of the collateral required 
classification in the fair value hierarchy.  When the fair value of the collateral was based on an observable 
market price or a current appraised value, Pinnacle recorded the impaired loan as a nonrecurring Level 2 
asset.  When an appraised value was not available or management determined the fair value of the collateral 
was further impaired below the appraised value and there was no observable market price, Pinnacle recorded 
the impaired loan as a nonrecurring Level 3 asset.  For substantially all of Pinnacle‘s impaired loans as of 
December 31, 2022, the valuation methodology utilized by Pinnacle was collateral based measurements such 
as a real estate appraisal and the primary unobservable input was adjustments for differences between the 

53 

 
comparable real estate sales.  The discount to reflect current market conditions and ultimately collectability 
ranged from 0% to 25% for each of the respective periods.   

Other Real Estate Owned 

Other real estate owned is adjusted to fair value less estimated selling costs upon transfer of the loans to 
foreclosed assets.  Subsequently, other real estate owned is carried at the lower of carrying value or fair value 
less estimated selling costs.  Fair value is based upon independent market prices, appraised values of the 
collateral or management’s estimation of the value of the collateral.  When the fair value of the collateral is 
based on observable market price or a current appraised value, Pinnacle records the foreclosed asset as a 
nonrecurring Level 2 asset.  When an appraised value is not available or management determines the fair 
value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value and there is no observable market price, 
Pinnacle records the other real estate owned as a nonrecurring Level 3 asset.  There were no other real estate 
owned properties as of December 31, 2023.   

The following tables present information about certain assets and liabilities measured at fair value: 

Fair Value Measurements on December 31, 2023 

Total 
Carrying 
Amount in 
The 
Consolidated 
Balance 
Sheet 

Assets/Liabilities 
Measured at 
Fair 
Value 

Quoted 
Prices in 
Active 
Markets 
for 
Identical 
Assets 
(Level 1) 

Significant 
Other 
Observable 
Inputs  
(Level 2) 

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs  
(Level 3) 

  $ 
  $ 

233,579     $ 
2,287     $ 

233,579     $ 
2,287     $ 

—     $ 
—     $ 

233,579     $ 
—     $ 

—  
2,287  

Fair Value Measurements on December 31, 2022 

Description 
Available-for-sale securities 
Individually evaluated loans 

Quoted 
Prices in 
Active 
Markets 
for 
Identical 
Assets 
(Level 1) 

Significant 
Other 
Observable 
Inputs  
(Level 2) 
—     $  241,172     $ 
—     $ 
—     $ 

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs  
(Level 3) 

—  
2,838  

Description 
Available-for-sale securities 
  $ 
Impaired loans (nonrecurring)    $ 

Total 
Carrying 
Amount in 
The 
Consolidated 
Balance 
Sheet 

Assets/Liabilities 
Measured at 
Fair 
Value 

241,172     $ 
2,838     $ 

241,172     $ 
2,838     $ 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
The following table sets forth a summary of changes in the fair value of Pinnacle’s nonrecurring Level 3 
assets for the period ended December 31, 2023 and 2022: 

Level 3 Assets 
Year Ended 
December 31, 2023 

Other 
Real 

Estate 
Owned 

Individually 
evaluated 
loans 

  $ 

  $ 

2,838      
(551 )    
2,287      

Level 3 Assets 
Year Ended 
December 31, 2022 

Other 
Real 
Estate 
Owned 

Impaired 
Loans 

  $ 

  $ 

2,530      
308      
2,838      

—  
—  
—  

—  
—  
—  

Balance, beginning of the year 

Purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements (net) 

Balance, end of year 

Balance, beginning of the year 

Purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements (net) 

Balance, end of year 

(16)  Parent Company Financial Information 

Condensed financial information of Pinnacle (“Parent”) is presented below:   

Condensed Balance Sheets 

Assets 

Cash due from subsidiary 
Investment in subsidiary, at equity 
Other assets 

Total assets 

Liabilities and stockholders' equity 

Notes payable 
Other liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Stockholders' equity 
Common stock of $3 par value, authorized 3,000,000 shares; issued and 
   outstanding 2,198,158 shares in 2023 and 2,178,486 in 2022 
Capital surplus 
Retained earnings 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net 

Total stockholders' equity 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity 

55 

December 31, 

2023 

2022 

41     $ 

76,413      
2,067      
78,521     $ 

10,000     $ 
116      
10,116     $ 

6,460     $ 
11,951      
62,069      
(12,075 )    
68,405     $ 
78,521     $ 

32  
65,174  
1,892  
67,098  

10,000  
90  
10,090  

6,414  
11,668  
54,614  
(15,688 ) 
57,008  
67,098  

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
   
 
    
   
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
 
Condensed Statements of Income 

Income: 

Dividends from subsidiary 
Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary 

Total Income 

Expenses: 
Interest accrued on subordinated debt 
Interest on long-term borrowings 
Other expenses 

Income before income tax benefit 

Applicable income tax benefit 

Net income 

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows 

Cash flows from operating activities: 

Net income 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net 
   cash provided by operating activities: 
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASC 326 
Equity in undistributed net income of subsidiary 
Increase in other assets 

Net cash flows from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities: 
    Increase in investment of subsidiary 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 

Cash dividends paid 
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities 

Net cash flows used in financing activities 

Net increase (decrease) in cash from subsidiary 
Cash due from subsidiary, beginning of year 
Cash due from subsidiary, end of year 

(17)  Stock Based Compensation 

Years ended 
December 31, 

2023 

2022 

  $ 

  $ 

2,652     $ 
5,915      
8,567      

420      
105      
304      
7,738      
2,024      
9,762     $ 

2,058  
5,107  
7,165  

420  
105  
192  
6,448  
1,794  
8,242  

Years ended 
December 31, 

2023 

2022 

  $ 

9,762     $ 

8,242  

(443 )    
(5,915 )    
(175 )    
3,229      

(1,382 )    
(1,382 )    

(1,864 )    
26      
(1,838 )    
9      
32      
41     $ 

—  
(5,107 ) 
(152 ) 
2,983  

(1,642 ) 
(1,642 ) 

(1,328 ) 
(15 ) 
(1,343 ) 
(2 ) 
34  
32  

  $ 

Pinnacle’s 2004 Incentive Stock Plan (the “2004 Plan”), pursuant to which Pinnacle’s Board of Directors may grant 
stock options and other equity-based awards to officers and key employees, was approved by shareholders on April 
13, 2004 and became effective as of May 1, 2004. The 2004 Plan authorized grants of up to 100,000 shares of 
Pinnacle’s authorized, but unissued common stock.  All stock options were granted with an exercise price equal to 
the stock’s fair market value at the date of the grant.  As of December 31, 2014, the 2004 Plan has expired and no 
additional awards may be granted under this plan. 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
    
   
   
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
     
 
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
 
    
   
   
   
 
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
Stock  options  granted  under the  2004  Plan  generally  have  10-year  terms,  vest at the  rate  of  25%  per  year,  and 
become fully exercisable four years from the date of grant. 

As of December 31, 2023, options for 8,000 shares were exercisable at an exercise price of $15.70 per share under 
the 2004 Plan and expire on February 11, 2024.  

On  April  8,  2014,  shareholders  approved  the  2014  Incentive  Stock  Plan  (the  “2014  Plan”),  pursuant  to  which 
Pinnacle’s Board of Directors may grant stock options and other equity-based awards to officers and key employees.  
The 2014 Plan authorizes grants of up to 150,000 shares of Pinnacle’s authorized, but unissued common stock.  All 
stock options are granted with an exercise price equal to the stock’s fair market value at the date of the grant.  As 
of December 31, 2023, there were 32,810 shares available for grant under the 2014 Plan. 

On May 1, 2023, 16,000 shares of restricted stock were granted to employees pursuant to the 2014 Plan.  15,500 of 
the  shares  granted  will  vest  on  May  1,  2026  and  500  of  the  shares  granted  were  forfeited  due  termination  of 
employment. On May 1, 2022, 9,700 shares of restricted stock were granted to employees pursuant to the 2014 
Plan.  8,200 of the shares granted will vest on May 1, 2025, 1,000 of the shares granted vested in 2023 due to a 
retirement and 500 of the shares granted were forfeited due to termination of employment.  

On January 9, 2024, 3,538 shares of restricted stock were granted to Pinnacle’s Directors in lieu of cash for 2023 
director fees.  On January 12, 2023, 5,547 shares of restricted stock were granted to Pinnacle’s Directors in lieu of 
cash for 2022 director fees.   

As of December 31, 2022, no options for shares were exercisable under the 2014 Plan.  

Pinnacle expensed $0 in 2023 and 2022 in compensation expense as a direct result of the issuance of the 24,000 
incentive stock options with tandem stock appreciation rights in 2014. There were no unvested stock options in 
2023.               

Pinnacle expensed $238 in 2023 in compensation expense as a direct result of granting 7,100 shares of restricted 
stock to employees in 2020, 12,525 shares of restricted stock to employees in 2021, 9,700 shares of restricted stock 
to employees in 2022, and 16,000 shares of restricted stock to employees in 2023. Pinnacle expects to expense $236 
in 2024, $152 in 2025 and $69 in 2026 on such restricted stock. 

Stock option activity during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 is as follows: 

Number 
of 
Shares 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

10,000     $ 

—      
—      
—      

10,000     $ 

—      
2,000     $ 
—      
8,000     $ 

15.70  
—  
—  
—  
15.70  
—  
22.29  
—  
15.70  

Balance as of December 31, 2021 
Forfeited 
Exercised 
Granted 
Balance as of December 31, 2022 
Forfeited 
Exercised 
Granted 
Balance as of December 31, 2023 

57 

 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2023: 

Options Outstanding 
   Weighted- 
Average 
Remaining 
   Contractual 

Number 

Exercise 
Price 

   Outstanding 
at 12/31/23 

Life 
(in years) 

   Weighted- 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

Options Exercisable 

Number 

   Exercisable at 

12/31/2023 

   Weighted- 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

$ 

15.70      

8,000      

0.1     $ 

15.70      

8,000     $ 

15.70  

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2022: 

Options Outstanding 
   Weighted- 
Average 
Remaining 
   Contractual 

Number 

Exercise 
Price 

   Outstanding 
at 12/31/22 

Life 
(in years) 

   Weighted- 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

Options Exercisable 

Number 

   Exercisable at 

12/31/2022 

   Weighted- 
Average 
Exercise 
Price 

$ 

15.70      

10,000      

1.1     $ 

15.70      

10,000     $ 

15.70  

(18)  Subsequent Events 

Pinnacle has evaluated all other subsequent events for potential recognition and/or disclosure in the December 31, 
2023 consolidated financial statements through March 31, 2024, the date the consolidated financial statements were 
available to be issued.  

58 

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
    
    
    
    
    
   
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
    
    
    
    
    
   
 
 
 
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

Management Report 
In this management report, the following subsidiary institutions of the Pinnacle Bankshares  Corporation (the Company) that are 
subject  to  Part  363  are  included  in  the  statement  of  management's  responsibilities;  the  report  on  management's  assessment  of 
compliance  with the  Federal laws and regulations pertaining  to  insider  loans and  the  Federal and, if  applicable,  State laws and 
regulations  pertaining  to  dividend  restrictions;  and  the  report  on  management's  assessment  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting: First National Bank. 

Statement of Management’s Responsibilities 
The  management  of  Pinnacle  Bankshares  Corporation  (the  Company)  is  responsible  for  preparing  the  Company's  annual 
consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; for 
establishing and maintaining an adequate internal control structure and procedures for financial reporting, including controls over 
the preparation of regulatory financial statements in accordance with instructions for the Parent Company Only Financial Statements 
for Small Bank Holding Companies (Form FR Y-9SP); and for complying with the Federal laws and regulations pertaining to insider 
loans and the federal and, if applicable, state laws and regulations pertaining to dividend restrictions. 

Management’s Assessment of Compliance with Designated Laws and Regulations 
The management of the Company has assessed the Company's compliance with the Federal laws and regulations pertaining to insider 
loans and the Federal and, if applicable, state laws and regulations pertaining to dividend restrictions during the fiscal year that 
ended on December 31, 2023. Based upon its assessment, management has concluded that the Company complied with the Federal 
laws and regulations pertaining to insider loans and the Federal and, if applicable, state laws and regulations pertaining to dividend 
restrictions during the fiscal year that ended on December 31, 2023. 

Management’s Assessment of Internal Control over Financial Reporting 
The Company's internal control over financial reporting is a process effected by those charged with governance, management and 
other personnel, designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of 
reliable  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of  America  and 
financial  statements  for  regulatory  reporting  purposes,  i.e.,  FR  Y-9SP.  The  Company's  internal  control  over  financial  reporting 
includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly 
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded 
as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United 
States of America and financial statements for regulatory reporting purposes, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are 
being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the  Company;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention, or timely detection and correction of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s 
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent, or detect and correct misstatements. 
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate. 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting including controls 
over the preparation of regulatory financial statements. Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company's internal control 
over financial reporting, including controls over the preparation of regulatory financial statements in accordance with the Parent 
Company Only Financial Statements for Small Bank Holding Companies (Form FR Y-9SP), as of December 31, 2023, based on 
the  framework  set  forth  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  in  Internal  Control—
Integrated  Framework  in  2013.  Based  upon  its  assessment,  management  has  concluded  that,  as  of  December  31,  2023,  the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting, including controls over the preparation of regulatory financial statements in 
accordance with the Parent Company Only Financial Statements for Small Bank Holding Companies (Form FR Y-9SP), is effective 
based on the criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued in 2013. 

59 

 
  
 
 
Management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, including controls over the preparation 
of  regulatory  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  the  Parent  Company  Only  Financial  Statements  for  Small  Bank  Holding 
Companies (Form FR Y-9SP), as of December 31, 2023, has been audited by Cherry Bekaert LLP, an independent public accounting 
firm, as stated in their report dated March 14, 2024. 

Pinnacle Bankshares Corporation 

Aubrey H. (Todd) Hall, III 
President and Chief Executive Officer 
March 14, 2024 

Bryan M. Lemley 
Secretary, Treasurer & Chief Financial Officer 
March 14, 2024 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Auditor  

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders 
Pinnacle Bankshares Corporation and Subsidiary 
Altavista, Virginia 

Opinion 
We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  of  Pinnacle  Bankshares  Corporation  and  Subsidiary 
(collectively, the “Company”), which comprise the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 and the related 
consolidated  statements  of  income,  comprehensive  income,  changes  in  stockholders'  equity,  and  cash  flows  for  the  years  then 
ended, and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements. 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position 
of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in 
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

Basis for Opinion  
We  conducted  our  audits  in  accordance  with  auditing  standards  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of  America.  Our 
responsibilities  under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  Auditor’s  Responsibilities  for  the  Audit  of  the  Consolidated 
Financial  Statements  section  of  our  report.  We  are  required  to  be  independent  of  the  Company  and  to  meet  our  other  ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audits. We believe that the audit evidence we 
have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion. 

Emphasis of Matter 
As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for credit losses 
on financial instruments as of January 1, 2023, due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update 2016-13, Financial Instruments 
– Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, as amended. Our opinion is not modified with 
respect to this matter. 

Responsibilities of Management for the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with 
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of 
internal  control  relevant  to  the  preparation  and  fair  presentation  of  consolidated  financial  statements  that  are  free  from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to evaluate  whether there  are  conditions or events, 
considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one 
year after the date that the consolidated financial statements are available to be issued. 

Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a whole are free from 
material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  fraud  or  error,  and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that  includes  our  opinion.  Reasonable 
assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and, therefore, is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in 
accordance with generally accepted auditing standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not 
detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, 
forgery,  intentional  omissions,  misrepresentations,  or  the  override  of  internal  control.  Misstatements,  including  omissions,  are 
considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made 
by a reasonable user based on the consolidated financial statements. 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In performing an audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, we: 

  Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. 

 

Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or 
error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test 
basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. 

  Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in 
the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control. 
Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed. 

  Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made 

by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. 

  Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt 

about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time. 

We  are  required  to  communicate  with  those  charged  with  governance  regarding,  among  other  matters,  the  planned  scope  and 
timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control related matters that we identified during the audits. 

Rockville, Maryland 
March 14, 2024 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Auditor 

To the Board of Directors of 
Pinnacle Bankshares Corporation and Subsidiary  
Altavista, Virginia 

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 
We have audited Pinnacle Bankshares Corporation and Subsidiary’s  (collectively, the “Company”)  internal  control  over financial 
reporting, including controls over the preparation of regulatory financial statements in accordance with the instructions for the Part 
363  Federal  Deposit  Insurance  Act  (FDI  Act),  as  of  December  31,  2023,  based  on  criteria  established  in  the  Internal  Control—
Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). In our opinion, 
Pinnacle  Bankshares  Corporation  and  Subsidiary  maintained,  in  all  material  respects,  effective  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting as of December31, 2023, based on COSO. 

We also have audited, in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted  in the United States of America (“GAAS”), the 
accompanying consolidated financial statements of Pinnacle Bankshares Corporation and Subsidiary, and our report dated March 
14, 2024 expressed an unmodified opinion. 

Basis for Opinion 
We conducted our audit in accordance with GAAS. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s 
Responsibilities for the Audit of Internal Control over Financial Reporting section of our report. We are required to be independent 
of the Company and to meet our other ethical responsibilities, in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our 
audit. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion. 

Responsibilities of Management for Internal Control over Financial Reporting 
Management is responsible for designing, implementing, and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for 
its assessment about the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying the Company’s 
Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. 

Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of Internal Control over Financial Reporting 
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained, 
in  all  material  respects,  and  to  issue  an  auditor’s  report  that  includes  our  opinion  on  internal  control  over  financial  reporting. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and, therefore, is not a guarantee that an audit of 
internal control over financial reporting conducted in accordance with GAAS will always detect a material weakness when it exists. 

In performing an audit of internal control over financial reporting in accordance with GAAS, we: 

  Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. 
  Obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assess the risks that a material weakness exists, and 
test and evaluate the design and operating effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting based on the assessed 
risk. 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Definition and Inherent Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting 
An institution’s internal control over financial reporting is a process effected by those charged with governance, management, and 
other personnel, designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the preparation of reliable financial statements in accordance 
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. An institution’s internal control over financial reporting 
includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly 
reflect  the  transactions  and  dispositions  of  the  assets  of  the  institution;  (2)  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  transactions  are 
recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in 
the  United  States  of  America,  and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  institution  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with 
authorizations of management and those charged with governance; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention, or 
timely detection and correction of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the institution’s assets that could have a material 
effect on the financial statements.  

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent, or detect and correct, misstatements. 
Also, projections of any assessment of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

Rockville, Maryland 
March 14, 2024 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
BOARD OF DIRECTORS 

CORPORATE INFORMATION   

James E. Burton, IV, Chairman
Donald W. Merricks, Vice Chairman
Aubrey H. (Todd) Hall, III
Elton W. Blackstock
Vivian S. Brown
Connie C. Burnette
Judson H. Dalton
Robert L. Finch, Jr.
Robert Hurt
Dr. Robert L. Johnson, II
L. Frank King, Jr.
Carroll E. Shelton
C. Bryan Stott
Michael E. Watson
James O. Watts, IV, Esq.

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF  
PINNACLE BANKSHARES CORPORATION

Aubrey H. (Todd) Hall, III 
President & Chief Executive Officer

Bryan M. Lemley, Secretary 
Treasurer & Chief Financial Officer

SENIOR MANAGEMENT OF  
FIRST NATIONAL BANK

Aubrey H. (Todd) Hall, III 
President & Chief Executive Officer

Bryan M. Lemley 
Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer

Melissa T. Campbell 
Senior Vice President & Chief Retail Officer

Corporate Offices      
622 Broad Street  
PO Box 29
Altavista, VA 24517
434-369-3000
1stnatbk.com

Investor Relations
Bryan M. Lemley
bryanlemley@1stnatbk.com
434-477-5882

Stock Transfer Agent
Computershare
201-680-3626
118 Fernwood Ave
Edison, NJ 08837
Computershare.com/investor

Independent Auditors
Cherry Bekaert, LLP
200 South 10th Street, Suite 900
Richmond, VA 23219

Annual Meeting of Shareholders
The Annual Meeting of Shareholders will be held at:
Virginia Technical Institute
201 Ogden Road
Altavista, VA 24517
11:00 AM Eastern Time
May 14, 2024

Only shareholders of record at the close of business 
on March 21, 2024, the record date, will be entitled 
to vote at the Annual Meeting.

Allison G. Daniels 
Senior Vice President & Chief Operating Officer

We refer you to the 2024 Proxy Statement for further 
information.

Common Stock
OTCQX: PPBN

Jennifer T. Edgell 
Senior Vice President & Chief Credit Officer

Tracie A. Gallahan 
Senior Vice President and Chief Revenue Officer

Krystal D. Harris 
Senior Vice President & Chief Human  
Resources Officer

James M. Minear 
Senior Vice President and Chief Lending Officer 
(Northern Market)

Shawn D. Stone 
Senior Vice President and Chief Lending Officer 
(Southern Market)

622 Broad Street 
Post Office Box 29 
Altavista, Virginia 24517

(434) 369-3000