Pinnacle Financial Partners
Pinnacle Financial Partners
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ANNUAL REPORT
ANNUAL REPORT
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EXPANDING our VISION
EXPANDING our VISION
Pinnacle’s footprint grew from four to 11 primarily
Pinnacle’s footprint grew from four to 11 primarily
urban markets in three new states in 2017.
urban markets in three new states in 2017.
To ma
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also expanded our vision to be the best financial services firm and the best
also expanded our vision to be the best financial services firm and the best
la
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in t
in t
Southeast. We accomplish our ambitious goals by exciting
Southeast. We accomplish our ambitious goals by exciting
ANNUAL REPORT
as soc ia
as soc ia
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e n e ng
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c lie nt s an d
c lie nt s an d
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sh
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h old
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r s.
EXPANDING our VISION
Pinnacle’s footprint grew from four to 11 primarily
urban markets in three new states in 2017.
To ma
t
mile st one
of d ou
ling
ou
r as se
t siz
an d
as soc ia
b
as e
, Pinna
le
also expanded our vision to be the best financial services firm and the best
la
t o w or
in t
Southeast. We accomplish our ambitious goals by exciting
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Pinnacle Financial Partners
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ANNUAL REPORT
EXPANDING our VISION
Pinnacle’s footprint grew from four to 11 primarily
urban markets in three new states in 2017.
t
To ma
le
r as se
also expanded our vision to be the best financial services firm and the best
mile st one
as soc ia
of d ou
, Pinna
an d
t siz
ling
as e
ou
b
la
t o w or
in t
Southeast. We accomplish our ambitious goals by exciting
as soc ia
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h o t
e n e ng
c lie nt s an d
e nr ic
sh
h old
r s.
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PINNACLE’S FOOTPRINT GREW
TO MORE SOUTHEAST MARKETS IN 2017
MEMPHIS, TN
Pinnacle grew deposits
67 percent year over year,
propelling us to No. 7 in
deposit market share from
No. 11 in 2016, according
to FDIC data.
CHATTANOOGA, TN
Local loan volume passed
$1 billion, representing
more than 50 percent
growth since Pinnacle
entered the market in 2015.
CHARLOTTE, NC
Financial advisors grew loans by more
than 13 percent in 2017, ending the year
with a balance of roughly $1.65 billion.
RALEIGH, NC
Pinnacle’s year-end loan volume
of $900 million and deposits of
$450 million in the Triangle region
represent double-digit growth
even during a time of transition.
INVESTOR RELATIONS:
Shareholders and others seeking
a copy of the Firm’s public filings
should visit the Investor Relations
section of our website at www.pnfp.
com or contact:
Chief Financial Officer
Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.
150 Third Ave. South, Suite 900
Nashville, TN 37201
(615) 744-3700
GENERAL COUNSEL:
Bass, Berry & Sims PLC
Nashville, Tennessee
STOCK LISTING:
The common stock of Pinnacle
Financial Partners, Inc. is traded on
the Nasdaq Global Select market
under the trading symbol “PNFP.”
SHAREHOLDER SERVICES:
Shareholders desiring to change
address or ownership of stock, report
lost certificates or to consolidate
accounts should contact:
Computershare
Shareholder Services
P.O. Box 30170
College Station, TX 77842-3170
(800) 368-5948
ANNUAL MEETING
OF SHAREHOLDERS:
The Annual Meeting of Shareholders
will convene at 11 a.m. CT on
Tuesday, April 17, 2018. The meeting
will be held at Pinnacle Financial
Partners, Pinnacle at Symphony
Place, 150 Third Ave. South,
Nashville, TN. Further information
regarding this meeting can be found
in the firm’s proxy statement for the
2018 Annual Meeting.
Visit our online annual report
at annualreport.pnfp.com for
more information about each
of our markets and how we
expanded our vision in 2017.
(cid:24)(cid:28)A(cid:90) (cid:38)(cid:28)(cid:62)(cid:62)(cid:75)(cid:116)
SHA(cid:90)(cid:28)H(cid:75)(cid:62)(cid:24)(cid:28)(cid:90)S,
(cid:75)ctober 2000, the month we opened for business
in Nashville, doesn’t seem very long ago.
At that time we formed a company
specifically for the purpose of
capitali(cid:460)ing on the (cid:327)awed service
delivery and uninspired workforces
at the large national and regional
banks. Since that time, our
longstanding formula has been to
locate in large urban markets that are
dominated by these big regional and
national franchises and aggressively
compete against them based on two
differentiators(cid:855) distinctive service
and effective advisors who are well
established and have loyal client
followings in the local market.
A(cid:332)er quickly becoming a dominant
bank for businesses in Nashville, in 2007
we expanded into (cid:60)noxville, 1(cid:1012)0 miles
east of Nashville, on a de novo basis and
replicated our competitive distinction
there. (cid:38)ollowing our success in Nashville
and (cid:60)noxville, we made acquisitions in
Chattanooga, 1(cid:1007)(cid:1009) miles southeast of
Nashville, and Memphis, 210 miles west
of Nashville, overlaying our targeted
recruitment and hiring philosophy
along with our associate engagement
methodologies to substantially
accelerate growth in those markets.
It’s a strategy that now has proven
extremely effective in all of Tennessee’s
urban markets. Memphis and
Chattanooga, our most recent Tennessee
market extensions, are particularly
illustrative of the power of the model. The
hiring momentum in both cities continues
to be strong. As we added a meaningful
number of revenue producers to the team,
we grew core deposits and loans rapidly.
Having completed our march to all four
urban markets in Tennessee, we continued
that model in 2017 with our acquisition
of BNC Bancorp, a commercial bank with
offices in a number of large, high-growth
urban markets in North Carolina, South
Carolina and Virginia. The combination
of our firms created a $22 billion bank
operating across four extremely
attractive Southeastern states and,
more importantly, most of the largest
and fastest growing urban markets in
those states.
R EC ENT
GR OW
SH OW S PAT
FOR
W AR D
Establish baseline
for market entry
Ov erlay PNFP’s
culture and
associate
engagement
R ecruit and
hire
the best bankers
in the market
Create competitive
differentiation based
v ice
on serv ice and
ad
Accelerate
growth
H AT
T ANOOGA, T N
M EM PH
IS, T N
R ev enue Prod ucers
R ev enue Prod ucers
23
4 0
4 7
L oan &
Deposit Growth*
$ 1, 079
L oan &
Deposit Growth*
* in millions
* in millions
$ 708
L OANS
5 05
DEPOSIT S
8 00
$ 710
L OANS
DEPOSIT S
$ 73
6 1
$ 1, 101
8 24
12/
3 1/ 15
12/
3 1/ 16
12/
3 1/ 17
12/
3 1/ 15
12/
3 1/ 16
12/
3 1/ 17
C ompound
Annual Growth R ate
C ompound
Annual Growth R ate
LOANS
23
DEPOSITS
19
REVENUE
PRODUCERS
3 0%
LOANS
DEPOSITS
REVENUE
PRODUCERS
3 0%
C
$
%
%
5
5
%
4
6
%
$
3
8
5
$
$
4
5
8
T
H
H
$
$
5
5
9
$
6
6
3
4
3
9
6
8
PNFP &
B NC
M(cid:28)(cid:90)(cid:39)(cid:28)(cid:90) T(cid:47)M(cid:28)(cid:62)(cid:47)N(cid:28)
Nov . 3 0, 2017
(cid:87)N(cid:38)(cid:87) completes systems conversion
, 2017
BNC converts brand to (cid:87)innacle
Sept. 25
, 2017
(cid:87)N(cid:38)(cid:87) completes merger with BNC
J une 16
, 2017
(cid:90)egulators approve the proposed merger with BNC
April 6
J an. 22, 2017
(cid:87)N(cid:38)(cid:87) announces merger with BNC Bancorp
2017 AC
C OM PL ISH
M ENT S
(cid:47)n addition to announcing, closing and
integrating our largest acquisition to
date, our teams accomplished many
significant milestones in 2017. (cid:28)verything
we achieved is tied to our core belief
that excited associates lead to engaged
clients and enriched shareholders.
Ex cited
Associates
(cid:38)or the first year, due to our growth,
(cid:87)innacle was eligible for FORTUNE
maga(cid:460)ine and (cid:39)reat (cid:87)lace to (cid:116)ork®
(cid:47)nstitute’s list of the 100 Best Companies
to (cid:116)ork (cid:38)or in the country. (cid:116)e debuted
at No. (cid:1007)(cid:1008) and also earned several
associated awards for being a Best
(cid:116)orkplace for (cid:116)omen (cid:894)No. (cid:1010)(cid:895), a Best
(cid:116)orkplace in (cid:38)inancial Services and
(cid:47)nsurance (cid:894)No. 7(cid:895) and one of People
maga(cid:460)ine’s (cid:1009)0 Companies that Care (cid:894)No.
20(cid:895). (cid:116)e again earned a No. (cid:1010) spot on
American Banker’s Best Banks to (cid:116)ork (cid:38)or
list and won local awards in Memphis and
(cid:60)noxville for being a (cid:862)best place to work.(cid:863)
C
Engaged
lients
(cid:116)e more than tripled our previous
record for (cid:39)reenwich (cid:28)xcellence Awards,
bringing home (cid:1007)0 national and regional
honors, making us the second-most
honored bank in the country among the
roughly (cid:1010)00 banks that were eligible.
The awards in small business and middle
market banking are based entirely on
what clients report to independent
researchers from (cid:39)reenwich Associates.
The foremost provider of market
research to commercial banks also
honored (cid:87)innacle as one of only 1(cid:1013) banks
in the country to have established a
distinctive brand among its clients.
(cid:87)innacle won (cid:862)Best Brand(cid:863) awards for
trustworthiness and ease of doing business.
Sharehold ers
Enriched
The M(cid:920)A Advisor named our merger
with BNC the (cid:862)Corporate(cid:876)Strategic (cid:24)eal
of the (cid:122)ear(cid:863) over $1 billion. The merger
al so l ed
to FORTUNE naming us one of
the Top 100 (cid:38)astest (cid:39)rowing Companies
for the second time in our history.
(cid:28)arlier in the year, based on a basket of
performance metrics, Forbes rank ed
the top quartile of America’s 100 largest
banks (cid:894)No. 2(cid:1008)(cid:895). These honors all relate
to our growth, which has been a key to
outsi(cid:460)ed returns for shareholders.
u s i n
SH AR EH OL DER
FOC
U S
(cid:28)ven during this period of merger
integration, organic growth was
extremely strong in both the legacy
(cid:87)innacle and BNC footprints. And the
merger actually put us in a position
to increase our long-term profitability
targets, which is key to creating
sustainable shareholder value. As a result
of the transaction, we took our previously
published return on average tangible
assets target from a range of 1.20 to 1.(cid:1008)0
percent to a range of 1.(cid:1007)0 to 1.(cid:1009)0 percent.
(cid:116)e’ve experienced a great deal of change
at (cid:87)innacle since our inception in 2000
with more on the hori(cid:460)on. Throughout it
all, our associates have maintained a key
focus on disciplined execution of our very
simple strategy, which consistently has
produced outstanding results for
our shareholders.
(cid:62)(cid:75)(cid:69)(cid:39)(cid:883)(cid:100)(cid:28)(cid:90)(cid:68)
IL IT
PR OFIT AB
T AR GET S
R eturn on Av erage T angible Assets*
1.3 0%
to 1.5 0%
Ne
t Int
e st M
in
(cid:1007).(cid:1010)(cid:1004)(cid:1081) to (cid:1007).(cid:1012)(cid:1004)(cid:1081)
Nonint
t o Av
e st Inc ome
t s
. Asse
Nonint
t o Av
e st Ex
t s
. Asse
e nse
t o 1
(cid:1007).(cid:1010)(cid:1004)(cid:1081) to (cid:1007).(cid:1012)(cid:1004)(cid:1081)
(cid:69)et (cid:18)harge(cid:882)o(cid:299) (cid:90)atio
t o 1
OU
L OOK
FOR
2018
AND B EY OND
As we have been since 2000, we’re focused on long-term shareholder value.
(cid:116)e achieve that by taking advantage of the large, high-growth markets that
we operate in and capitali(cid:460)ing on the vulnerabilities of the large regional and
national franchises that dominate these markets. (cid:47)t’s really that simple(cid:886)(cid:361)ust
continuing what we have done so effectively over the last 17 years.
BNC had a high-growth C(cid:90)(cid:28) lending practice that we expect to continue at its
previous pace. However, the key to reali(cid:460)ing our potential in the Carolinas and
Virginia is to build out a large C(cid:920)(cid:47) pla(cid:414)orm(cid:886)the thing we do best. (cid:116)e intend
to keep hiring the best C(cid:920)(cid:47) and private banking relationship managers in the
Carolinas and Virginia. The hiring during and since the merger is on a rapid
pace, and our recruiting pipelines remain robust. Now that the integration is
substantially complete, we can turn our full focus to hiring revenue producers
and growing the balance sheet.
(cid:116)e are pleased with our earnings momentum in the Carolinas and Virginia
and are excited about the incredible organic growth opportunity that the
merger affords us. (cid:116)e will likely have other high-value opportunities for market
extensions in those Southeastern markets we have targeted or fill-in M(cid:920)A in our
existing footprint, but we’re in the enviable position of not having to make any
additional acquisitions in order to achieve our growth and profitability targets.
(cid:116)ith no pressure to make deals, the only acquisitions we will consider are those
that accelerate our long-term strategic and financial targets.
(cid:116)e are now located in 11 of the most attractive markets in the Southeast with
a proven ability to take share from large regionals who have dominated these
markets for some time. (cid:122)ou can expect us to build out those markets in a format
similar to what we’ve accomplished recently in Chattanooga and Memphis.
(cid:47)n every market we have entered, we found ways to hire great bankers who
brought their clients with them. (cid:75)ur strategy is simple. (cid:75)ur associate-engaging
culture is unparalleled by our peers and competitors. And nothing could be
more important in terms of our ongoing success.
(cid:75)nward(cid:842)
Sincerely,
* At Dec. 31, 2017
. T erry T urner
(cid:87)resident and C(cid:28)(cid:75)
R obert A. M
Chairman
cC abe, J r.
T
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g
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.
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Y
FINANCIAL
REVIEW
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________ to ________
Commission File Number: 000-31225
(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)
, Inc.
Tennessee
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation)
62-1812853
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
150 Third Avenue South, Suite 900, Nashville, Tennessee
(Address of principal executive offices)
37201
(Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (615) 744-3700
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class
Common Stock, par value $1.00
Name of Exchange on which Registered
Nasdaq Global Select Market
Securities registered to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes
No
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes
No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports),
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes
No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every
Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the
preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes
No
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (Section 229.405 of this chapter) is
not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller
reporting company. See the definitions of "accelerated filer," "large accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large Accelerated Filer
Non-accelerated Filer
(do not check if you are a smaller reporting company)
Accelerated Filer
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes
No
State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the
price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity as of the last business day
of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter: $4,684,907,318 as of June 30, 2017.
APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE REGISTRANTS
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable
date: 77,887,015 shares of common stock as of February 26, 2018.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders, scheduled to be held April 17, 2018, are
incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No.
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS, RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
SIGNATURES
2
4
19
37
37
37
37
38
38
39
40
72
73
130
130
130
131
131
131
131
131
131
132
136
137
(cid:3)
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
All statements, other than statements of historical fact, included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, are forward-looking statements
within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the
Exchange Act. The words "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "believe," "seek," "estimate" and similar expressions are intended to
identify such forward-looking statements, but other statements not based on historical information may also be considered forward-
looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could
cause the actual results to differ materially from the statements, including, but not limited to: (i) deterioration in the financial condition
of borrowers resulting in significant increases in loan losses and provisions for those losses; (ii) continuation of the historically low short-
term interest rate environment; (iii) the inability of Pinnacle Financial, or entities in which it has significant investments, like Bankers
Healthcare Group, LLC ("BHG"), to maintain the historical growth rate of its, or such entities', loan portfolio; (iv) changes in loan
underwriting, credit review or loss reserve policies associated with economic conditions, examination conclusions, or regulatory
developments; (v) effectiveness of Pinnacle Financial's asset management activities in improving, resolving or liquidating lower-quality
assets; (vi) the impact of competition with other financial institutions, including pricing pressures (including those resulting from the Tax
Cuts and Jobs Act) and the resulting impact on Pinnacle Financial’s results, including as a result of compression to net interest margin;
(vii) greater than anticipated adverse conditions in the national or local economies including in Pinnacle Financial's markets throughout
Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina and Virginia, particularly in commercial and residential real estate markets; (viii) fluctuations
or unanticipated changes in interest rates on loans or deposits or that affect the yield curve; (ix) the results of regulatory examinations;
(x) the ability to retain large, uninsured deposits; (xi) a merger or acquisition, like Pinnacle Financial's merger with BNC Bancorp ("BNC");
(xii) risks of expansion into new geographic or product markets; (xiii) any matter that would cause Pinnacle Financial to conclude that
there was impairment of any asset, including intangible assets; (xiv) reduced ability to attract additional financial advisors (or failure of
such advisors to cause their clients to switch to Pinnacle Bank), to retain financial advisors (including as a result of the competitive
environment resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act) or otherwise to attract customers from other financial institutions; (xv) further
deterioration in the valuation of other real estate owned and increased expenses associated therewith; (xvi) inability to comply with
regulatory capital requirements, including those resulting from changes to capital calculation methodologies and required capital
maintenance levels; (xvii) risks associated with litigation, including the applicability of insurance coverage; (xviii) the risk of successful
integration of the businesses Pinnacle Financial has recently acquired with its business; (xix) approval of the declaration of any dividend
by Pinnacle Financial's board of directors; (xx) the vulnerability of Pinnacle Bank's network and online banking portals, and the systems
of parties with whom Pinnacle Financial contracts, to unauthorized access, computer viruses, phishing schemes, spam attacks, human
error, natural disasters, power loss and other security breaches; (xxi) the possibility of increased compliance costs as a result of increased
regulatory oversight, including oversight of companies in which Pinnacle Financial or Pinnacle Bank have significant investments, like
BHG, and the development of additional banking products for Pinnacle Bank's corporate and consumer clients; (xxii) the risks associated
with Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank being a minority investor in BHG, including the risk that the owners of a majority of the
equity interests in BHG decide to sell the company if not prohibited from doing so by the terms of our agreement with them; (xxii) changes
in state and federal legislation, regulations or policies applicable to banks and other financial service providers, like BHG, including
regulatory or legislative developments; (xxiv) the risk that the cost savings and any revenue synergies from Pinnacle Financial's merger
with BNC may not be realized or take longer than anticipated to be realized; (xxv) disruption from Pinnacle Financial's merger with BNC
with customers, suppliers, employee or other business partners relationships; (xxvi) the risk of successful integration of Pinnacle Financial's
and BNC's businesses; (xxvii) the amount of the costs, fees, expenses and charges related to Pinnacle Financial's merger with BNC;
(xxviii) reputational risk and the reaction of the parties' customers, suppliers, employees or other business partners to Pinnacle Financial's
merger with BNC; (xxix) the risk that the integration of Pinnacle Financial's and BNC's operations will be materially delayed or will be
more costly or difficult than expected; (xxx) the availability and access to capital; (xxxi) adverse results (including costs, fines, reputational
harm and/or other negative effects) from current or future litigation, regulatory examinations or other legal and/or regulatory actions;
and (xxxii) general competitive, economic, political and market conditions. A more detailed description of these and other risks is contained
in "Item 1A. Risk Factors" below. Many of such factors are beyond Pinnacle Financial's ability to control or predict, and readers are
cautioned not to put undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. Pinnacle Financial disclaims any obligation to update or revise
any forward-looking statements contained in this release, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
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PART I
Unless this Form 10-K indicates otherwise or the context otherwise requires, the terms "we," "our," "us," "the firm," "Pinnacle
Financial Partners," "Pinnacle" or "Pinnacle Financial" as used herein refer to Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc., and its
subsidiaries, including Pinnacle Bank, which we sometimes refer to as "our bank subsidiary" or "our bank" and its other subsidiaries.
References herein to the fiscal years 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017 mean our fiscal years ended December 31, 2013, 2014, 2015,
2016, and 2017, respectively.
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
OVERVIEW
Pinnacle Financial Partners is a bank holding company headquartered in Tennessee, with $22.2 billion in assets as of December 31,
2017. The holding company is the parent company of Pinnacle Bank and owns 100% of the capital stock of Pinnacle Bank. The firm
started operations on October 27, 2000, in Nashville, Tennessee, and has since grown through a combination of acquisitions and organic
growth to 114 offices, including 46 in Tennessee, 39 in North Carolina, 21 in South Carolina and eight in Virginia.
The firm operates as a community bank in 11 primarily urban markets and their surrounding communities. As an urban community bank,
Pinnacle provides the personalized service most often associated with smaller banks while offering the sophisticated products and services,
such as investments and treasury management, more typically found at much larger banks. This approach has enabled Pinnacle Bank to
attract clients from the regional and national banks in all its markets. As a result, Pinnacle Bank has grown steadily in market share
rankings in many of its markets, according to the 2017 FDIC Summary of Deposits data. In its legacy markets in Tennessee, for example,
Pinnacle has the third largest market share in the Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Franklin Metropolitan Statistical Area ("MSA"), the
sixth largest market share in the Knoxville MSA, the fourth largest market share in the Chattanooga, Tennessee-Georgia MSA
("Chattanooga MSA") and the seventh largest market share in the Memphis, Tennessee-Mississippi-Arkansas MSA ("Memphis MSA"),
based on such data.
ACQUISITIONS
In July 2015, Pinnacle Financial completed the acquisition of CapitalMark Bank & Trust ("CapitalMark") for approximately $19.7
million in cash (including payments related to fractional shares) and 3,306,184 shares of Pinnacle Financial's common stock valued at
approximately $175.5 million. All of CapitalMark's outstanding stock options vested upon consummation of the CapitalMark
acquisition and were converted into options to purchase shares of Pinnacle Financial's common stock at the common stock exchange
rate for the merger. The fair market value of stock options assumed was approximately $30.4 million. The CapitalMark merger
increased our presence in the Knoxville MSA and expanded our operations into the Chattanooga MSA and surrounding counties.
In September 2015, Pinnacle Financial completed the acquisition of Magna Bank ("Magna Bank") for an aggregate of $19.5 million in
cash (including payments related to fractional shares) and 1,371,717 shares of Pinnacle Financial's common stock valued at
approximately $63.5 million. Additionally, at the time of the merger there were 139,417 unexercised stock options that were
exchanged for cash equal to $14.32 less the option's exercise price. This consideration totaled approximately $847,000, including all
applicable payroll taxes. The Magna merger expanded our operations into the Memphis MSA.
In July 2016, Pinnacle Financial completed the acquisition of Avenue Financial Holdings, Inc. ("Avenue") for an aggregate of $20.9
million in cash (including payments related to fractional shares) and 3,760,326 shares of Pinnacle Financial's common stock valued at
approximately $182.5 million. Additionally, at the time of merger there were 257,639 unexercised stock options that were exchanged for
cash equal to $20.00 per share less the option's exercise price. This consideration totaled approximately $987,000, including all applicable
payroll taxes. The Avenue merger increased our presence in the Nashville MSA.
In June 2017, Pinnacle Financial completed the acquisition of BNC Bancorp ("BNC") for an aggregate of 27,687,100 shares of Pinnacle
Financial's common stock valued at $1.9 billion and approximately $129,000 in cash (related to fractional shares). Included in the shares
of common stock issued were 136,890 shares of unvested restricted stock that Pinnacle Financial assumed and which continued to vest
over their original contractual terms. The fair value of these awards was $9.2 million, with $5.4 million attributable to services provided
by the recipients prior to the merger, that accordingly was included as merger consideration. This acquisition expanded our operations
into the Carolinas and Virginia.
In February 2015, Pinnacle Bank acquired a 30% membership interest in Bankers Healthcare Group, LLC ("BHG"), a company which
makes term loans to healthcare practices, for $75 million in cash. On March 1, 2016, Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank entered into
an agreement to acquire 8.55% and 10.45%, respectively, of the outstanding membership interests in BHG for $114.0 million, payable
in a mix of cash and stock consideration. The cash consideration was $74.1 million and the stock consideration was 860,470 shares of
Pinnacle Financial's common stock, with a fair value of $39.9 million on the date of acquisition.
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On March 1, 2016, Pinnacle Financial, Pinnacle Bank and the other members of BHG entered into an Amended and Restated Limited
Liability Company Agreement of BHG that provides for, among other things, the following terms: (i) the inability of any member of
BHG to transfer its ownership interest in BHG without the consent of the other members of BHG until March 1, 2021, other than transfers
to family members, trusts or affiliates of the transferring member, in connection with the acquisition of Pinnacle Financial or Pinnacle
Bank or as a result of a change in applicable law that forces Pinnacle Financial and/or Pinnacle Bank to divest their ownership interests
in BHG; (ii) the inability of the board of managers of BHG (of which Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank have two of the five members
(the "Pinnacle Managers")) to approve a sale of BHG until March 1, 2020 without the consent of one of the Pinnacle Managers; (iii) co-
sale rights for Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank in the event the other members of BHG decide to sell all or a portion of their ownership
interests after March 1, 2021; and (iv) a right of first refusal for BHG and the other members of BHG in the event that Pinnacle Financial
and/or Pinnacle Bank decide to sell all or a portion of their ownership interests after March 1, 2021, except in connection with a transfer
of their ownership interests to an affiliate or in connection with the acquisition of Pinnacle Financial or Pinnacle Bank.
PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
Lending Services
We offer a full range of lending products, including commercial, real estate and consumer loans to individuals and small-to medium-
sized businesses and professional entities. We compete for these loans with competitors who are also well established in our geographic
markets.
Pinnacle Bank's loan approval policies provide for various levels of officer lending authority. When the total amount of loans to a single
borrower exceeds an individual officer's lending authority, officers with higher lending authority determine whether to approve any new
loan requests or renewals of existing loans. Loans to insiders require approval of the board, and, certain extensions of credit, including
loans above certain amounts and certain adversely classified loans, require approval of a committee of the board.
Pinnacle Bank's lending activities are subject to a variety of lending limits imposed by federal and state law. Differing limits apply based
on the type of loan or the nature of the borrower, including the borrower's relationship to Pinnacle Bank. In general, however, at December
31, 2017, we were able to loan any one borrower a maximum amount equal to approximately $290.5 million plus an additional $193.6
million, or a total of approximately $484.1 million, for loans that meet certain additional collateral guidelines. These legal limits will
increase or decrease as Pinnacle Bank's capital increases or decreases as a result of its earnings or losses, the injection of additional capital,
payments of dividends, acquisitions, or for other reasons. Pinnacle Bank has internal loan limits ranging from $15 million to $60 million,
dependent upon the internal risk rating of a loan, all of which limits are well below the legal lending limit of the bank. All relationships
in excess of their limit were each approved by the executive committee of the board of directors or the full board of directors. Pinnacle
Bank currently has 19 relationships in excess of the $60 million internal loan limit.
The principal economic risk associated with each category of loans that Pinnacle Bank has made or may in the future make is the
creditworthiness of the borrower. General economic factors affecting a commercial or consumer borrower's ability to repay include
interest, inflation and unemployment rates, as well as other factors affecting a borrower's assets, clients, suppliers and employees. Many
of Pinnacle Bank's commercial loans are made to small- to medium-sized businesses that are sometimes less able to withstand competitive,
economic and financial pressures than larger borrowers. During periods of economic weakness these businesses may be more adversely
affected than other enterprises and may cause increased levels of nonaccrual or other problem loans, loan charge-offs and higher provision
for loan losses.
Pinnacle Bank's commercial clients borrow for a variety of purposes. The terms of these loans (which include equipment loans and
working capital loans) will vary by purpose and by type of any underlying collateral. Commercial loans may be unsecured or secured by
accounts receivable or by other business assets. Pinnacle Bank also makes a variety of commercial real estate loans, including both loans
secured by investment properties and business loans secured by real estate.
Pinnacle Bank also makes a variety of loans to individuals for personal, family, investment and household purposes, including secured
and unsecured installment and term loans and lines of credit, residential first mortgage loans, home equity loans and home equity lines
of credit.
Deposit Services
Pinnacle Bank seeks to establish a broad base of core deposits, including savings, checking, interest-bearing checking, money market
and certificate of deposit accounts. To attract deposits, Pinnacle Bank has typically employed a marketing plan in its current geographic
markets primarily based on relationship banking and features a broad product line and competitive rates and services. The primary sources
of deposits are individuals and businesses located in those geographic markets. Pinnacle Bank traditionally has obtained these deposits
5
primarily through personal solicitation by its officers and directors, although its use of media advertising has increased in recent years,
primarily due to its advertising and banking sponsorships with the Tennessee Titans NFL football team and the Memphis Grizzlies NBA
basketball team.
Pinnacle Bank also offers its targeted commercial clients a comprehensive array of treasury management services as well as remote
deposit services, which allow electronic deposits to be made from the client's place of business. Our treasury management services include
online wire origination, enhanced ACH origination services, positive pay, zero balance and sweep accounts, automated bill pay services,
electronic receivables processing, lockbox processing, merchant card acceptance services, small business and commercial credit cards,
and corporate purchasing cards.
Investment, Trust and Insurance Services
Pinnacle Bank contracts with Raymond James Financial Services, Inc. ("RJFS"), a registered broker-dealer and investment adviser, to
offer and sell various securities and other financial products to the public from Pinnacle Bank's locations through Pinnacle Bank employees
that are also RJFS employees. RJFS is a subsidiary of Raymond James Financial, Inc.
Pinnacle Bank offers, through RJFS, non-FDIC insured investment products in order to assist Pinnacle Bank's clients in achieving their
financial objectives consistent with their risk tolerances. We believe that the brokerage and investment advisory program offered by
RJFS complements Pinnacle Bank's general banking business, and further supports its business philosophy and strategy of delivering to
our clients a comprehensive array of products and services that meet their financial needs. Pursuant to its contract with us, RJFS is
primarily responsible for the compliance monitoring of dual employees of RJFS and Pinnacle Bank. Additionally, Pinnacle Bank has
developed its own compliance-monitoring program in an effort to further ensure that Pinnacle Bank personnel deliver these products in
a manner consistent with the various regulations governing such activities. Pinnacle Bank receives a percentage of commission credits
and fees generated by the program. Pinnacle Bank remains responsible for various expenses associated with the program, including
promotional expenses, furnishings and equipment expenses and general personnel costs including commissions paid to licensed brokers.
Pinnacle Bank also maintains a trust department which provides fiduciary and investment management services for individual and
commercial clients. Account types include personal trust, endowments, foundations, individual retirement accounts, pensions and custody.
Pinnacle Advisory Services, Inc., a registered investment advisor, provides investment advisory services to its clients. Additionally,
Miller Loughry Beach Insurance Services, Inc. and HPB Insurance Group, each insurance agency subsidiaries of Pinnacle Bank, provide
insurance products, particularly in the property and casualty area, to their respective clients.
M&A Advisory and Securities Offering Services
During 2015, we formed PNFP Capital Markets, a registered broker dealer that partners with our financial advisors to offer corporate
clients merger and acquisition advisory services, private debt, equity and mezzanine placement services, interest rate derivatives and
other selected middle-market advisory services.
Other Banking Services
Given client demand for being able to access banking and investment services easily, Pinnacle Bank also offers a broad array of
convenience-centered products and services, including 24-hour telephone and online banking, mobile banking, debit and credit cards,
direct deposit and remote deposit capture. We also offer cash management services for small- to medium-sized businesses. Additionally,
Pinnacle Bank is associated with a nationwide network of automated teller machines of other financial institutions that our clients are
able to use throughout Tennessee and other regions. In many cases, Pinnacle Bank reimburses its clients for any fees that may be charged
to the client for using the nationwide ATM network, providing greater convenience as compared to regional competitors.
Competitive Conditions
We face substantial competition in all areas of our operations from a variety of different competitors, many of which are larger and have
more financial resources than we do. Such competitors primarily include national, regional, and internet banks within the various markets
in which we operate though we also compete with smaller community banks that seek to offer service levels similar to ours. We also face
competition from many others types of financial institutions, including, without limitation, savings and loans associations, credit unions,
finance companies, brokerage firms, insurance companies, and other financial intermediaries.
The financial services industry could become even more competitive as a result of legislative, regulatory and technological changes and
continued consolidation. Banks, securities firms, and insurance companies can operate as affiliates under the umbrella of a financial
holding company, which can offer virtually any type of financial service, including banking, securities underwriting, insurance (both
agency and underwriting), and merchant banking. Also, technology has lowered barriers to entry and made it possible for nonbanks to
offer products and services traditionally provided by banks, such as automatic transfer and automatic payment systems. Many of our non-
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bank competitors have fewer regulatory constraints and may have lower cost structures. Additionally, due to their size, many competitors
may be able to achieve economies of scale and, as a result, may offer a broader range of products and services as well as better pricing
for those products and services than we can. Finally, as a result of the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which was signed into law
in late 2017, our competitors may choose to offer lower interest rates and pay higher deposit rates than we do.
We believe that the most important criteria to our bank's targeted clients when selecting a bank is their desire to receive exceptional and
personal customer service while being able to enjoy convenient access to a broad array of financial products. Additionally, when presented
with a choice, we believe that many of our bank's targeted clients would prefer to deal with an institution that favors local decision making
as opposed to where many important decisions regarding a client's financial affairs are made outside of the local community.
Employees
As of December 31, 2017, we employed 2,132.0 full-time equivalent associates. We believe these associates are Pinnacle's most important
asset and have created a culture where associates are engaged and excited to come to work. All associates joining Pinnacle, including
those joining as a result of an acquisition, participate in a three-day orientation that focuses on our culture. Our employee focused culture
is supported by the fact that consulting firm Great Place to Work and FORTUNE magazine recognized us as one of the 100 Best Companies
to Work For in 2017, the first year we were eligible for this list. Prior to this eligibility, these organizations named us among best workplaces
in the United States on their Best Small & Medium Workplaces list in 2012, 2013 and 2014. American Banker also recognized Pinnacle
Bank as one of the top six "Best Banks to Work For" in the country in 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017. Additionally, we were inducted
into the Nashville Business Journal's "Best Places to Work" Hall of Fame in 2013 after winning the award for 10 consecutive years. We
were also awarded the “Best Place to Work” among companies of up to 149 employees by the Memphis Business Journal in 2015 and
2017. And we were named a Top Workplace in among mid-size companies by the Knoxville News Sentinel in 2017. All of these awards
place heavy emphasis on anonymous surveys of associates in the judging criteria. These awards illustrate that our culture is strong, and
our financial returns illustrate that our focus on culture is a winning business strategy.
OTHER INFORMATION
Investment Securities
In addition to loans, Pinnacle Bank has investments primarily in United States agency securities, mortgage-backed securities, and state
and municipal securities. No investment in any of those instruments exceeds any applicable limitation imposed by law or regulation. The
risk committee of the board of directors reviews the investment portfolio on an ongoing basis in order to ensure that the investments
conform to Pinnacle Bank's asset liability management policy as set by the board of directors.
Asset and Liability Management
Our Asset Liability Management Committee ("ALCO"), composed of senior managers of Pinnacle Bank, manages Pinnacle Bank's assets
and liabilities and strives to provide a stable, optimized net interest income and margin, adequate liquidity and ultimately a suitable after-
tax return on assets and return on equity. ALCO conducts these management functions within the framework of written policies that
Pinnacle Bank's board of directors has adopted. ALCO works to maintain an acceptable position between rate sensitive assets and rate
sensitive liabilities. The risk committee of the board of directors oversees the ALCO function on an ongoing basis.
Available Information
We file reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), including annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on
Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K. The public may read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC's Public
Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference
Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. We are an electronic filer, and the SEC maintains an Internet site at www.sec.gov that
contains the reports, proxy and information statements, and other information we have filed electronically.
Our website address is www.pnfp.com. Please note that our website address is provided as an inactive textual reference only. We
make available free of charge through our website, the annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports
on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or
furnished to the SEC. The information provided on our website is not part of this report, and is therefore not incorporated by reference
unless such information is otherwise specifically referenced elsewhere in this report.
We have also posted our Corporate Governance Guidelines, Corporate Code of Conduct for directors, officers and employees, and the
charters of our Audit Committee, Human Resources and Compensation Committee, Executive Committee, Risk Committee and
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of our board of directors on the Corporate Governance section of our website at
www.pnfp.com. We will make any legally required disclosures regarding amendments to, or waivers of, provisions of our Corporate
7
Code of Conduct, Corporate Governance Guidelines or current committee charters on our website. Our corporate governance materials
are available free of charge upon request to our Corporate Secretary, Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc., 150 Third Avenue South, Suite
900, Nashville, Tennessee 37201.
SUPERVISION AND REGULATION
Both Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank are subject to extensive state and federal banking laws and regulations that impose restrictions
on and provide for general regulatory oversight of Pinnacle Financial's and Pinnacle Bank's operations. These laws and regulations are
generally intended to protect depositors and borrowers, not shareholders.
Pinnacle Financial
Pinnacle Financial is a bank holding company under the federal Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 that has elected to become a "financial
holding company" thereunder. As a result, it is subject to the supervision, examination, and reporting requirements of the Bank Holding
Company Act and the regulations of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System ("Federal Reserve").
Acquisition of Banks. The Bank Holding Company Act requires every bank holding company to obtain the Federal Reserve's prior
approval before:
•
•
•
Acquiring direct or indirect ownership or control of any voting shares of any bank if, after the acquisition, the bank holding
company will directly or indirectly own or control more than 5% of the bank's voting shares;
Acquiring all or substantially all of the assets of any bank; or
Subject to certain exemptions, merging or consolidating with any other bank holding company.
Additionally, the Bank Holding Company Act provides that the Federal Reserve may not approve any of these transactions if it would
substantially lessen competition or otherwise function as a restraint of trade, or result in or tend to create a monopoly, unless the
anticompetitive effects of the proposed transaction are clearly outweighed by the public interest in meeting the convenience and needs
of the communities to be served. The Federal Reserve is also required to consider the financial and managerial resources and future
prospects of the bank holding companies and banks concerned; the effectiveness of the applicant in combating money laundering; the
convenience and needs of the communities to be served; and the extent to which the proposal would result in greater or more concentrated
risk to the United States banking or financial system.
Under the Bank Holding Company Act, as amended by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ("Dodd-Frank
Act"), if well-capitalized and well managed, a bank holding company located in Tennessee may purchase a bank located outside of
Tennessee. Conversely, a well-capitalized and well managed bank holding company located outside of Tennessee may purchase a bank
located inside Tennessee. In each case, however, state law restrictions may be placed on the acquisition of a bank that has only been in
existence for a limited amount of time or will result in specified concentrations of deposits. For example, Tennessee law currently prohibits
a bank holding company from acquiring control of a Tennessee-based financial institution until the target financial institution has been
in operation for three years.
Change in Bank Control. Subject to various exceptions, the Bank Holding Company Act and the Federal Change in Bank Control Act,
together with related regulations, require Federal Reserve approval prior to any person or company acquiring "control" of a bank holding
company. Control is conclusively presumed to exist if an individual or company acquires 25% or more of any class of voting securities
of the bank holding company. Control is rebutably presumed to exist if a person or company acquires 10% or more, but less than 25%,
of any class of voting securities and either:
•
•
The bank holding company has registered securities under Section 12 of the Exchange Act; or
No other person owns a greater percentage of that class of voting securities immediately after the transaction.
Pinnacle Financial's common stock is registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act. The regulations provide a procedure for challenge
of the rebuttable control presumption.
Permitted Activities. Bank holding companies generally are prohibited, except in certain statutorily prescribed instances including
exceptions for financial holding companies, from acquiring direct or indirect ownership or control of 5% or more of any class of the
outstanding voting shares of any company that is not a bank or bank holding company and from engaging directly or indirectly in activities
other than those of banking, managing or controlling banks, or furnishing services to its subsidiaries. However, subject to prior notice or
Federal Reserve approval, bank holding companies may engage in, or acquire shares of companies engaged in, activities determined by
the Federal Reserve to be so closely related to banking or managing or controlling banks as to be a proper incident thereto. The Gramm-
Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 amended the Bank Holding Company Act and expanded the activities in which bank holding companies and
affiliates of banks are permitted to engage. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act eliminated many federal and state law barriers to affiliations
8
among banks and securities firms, insurance companies, and other financial service providers, and provided that holding companies which
elected to become financial holding companies, as Pinnacle Financial has done, could engage in activities that are:
•
•
•
Financial in nature;
Incidental to a financial activity (as determined by the Federal Reserve in consultation with the Secretary of the U.S. Treasury);
or
Complementary to a financial activity and do not pose a substantial risk to the safety or soundness of depository institutions or
the financial system generally (as determined by the Federal Reserve).
The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act identifies the following activities as financial in nature:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Lending, trust and other banking activities;
Insuring, guaranteeing, or indemnifying against loss or harm, or providing and issuing annuities, and acting as principal, agent,
or broker for these purposes, in any state;
Providing financial, investment, or advisory services;
Issuing or selling instruments representing interests in pools of assets permissible for a bank to hold directly;
Underwriting, dealing in or making a market in securities;
Activities that the Federal Reserve has determined to be so closely related to banking or managing or controlling banks as to be
a proper incident to banking or managing or controlling banks;
Activities permitted outside of the United States that the Federal Reserve has determined to be usual in connection with banking
or other financial operations abroad;
• Merchant banking through securities or insurance affiliates; and
•
Insurance company portfolio investments.
The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act also authorizes the Federal Reserve, in consultation with the Secretary of the U.S. Treasury, to determine
activities in addition to those listed above that are financial in nature or incidental or complementary to such financial activity. In
determining whether a particular activity is financial in nature or incidental or complementary to a financial activity, the Federal Reserve
must consider (1) the purpose of the Bank Holding Company Act and the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, (2) changes or reasonably expected
changes in the marketplace in which financial holding companies compete and in the technology for delivering financial services, and
(3) whether the activity is necessary or appropriate to allow financial holding companies to effectively compete with other financial
service providers and to efficiently deliver information and services. Pinnacle Financial became a financial holding company effective
as of February 17, 2016.
To maintain financial holding company status, a financial holding company and all of its depository institution subsidiaries must be "well
capitalized" and "well managed" and, except in limited circumstances, in satisfactory compliance with the Community Reinvestment
Act. A depository institution subsidiary is considered to be "well capitalized" if it satisfies the requirements for this status discussed in
the section captioned "Capital Adequacy" below. A depository institution subsidiary is considered "well managed" if it received a
composite rating and management rating of at least "satisfactory" in its most recent examination. A financial holding company's status
will also depend upon it maintaining its status as "well capitalized" and "well managed" under applicable Federal Reserve regulations.
If a financial holding company ceases to meet these capital and management requirements, the Federal Reserve's regulations provide that
the financial holding company must enter into an agreement with the Federal Reserve to comply with all applicable capital and management
requirements. Until the financial holding company returns to compliance, the Federal Reserve may impose limitations or conditions on
the conduct of its activities, and the company may not commence any of the broader financial activities permissible for financial holding
companies or acquire a company engaged in such financial activities without prior approval of the Federal Reserve. If the company does
not return to compliance within 180 days, the Federal Reserve may require divestiture of the holding company's depository institutions
or alternatively the holding company may be required to cease to engage in the activities that it is engaged in that a bank holding company
is not permitted to engage in without being a financial holding company.
In order for a financial holding company to commence any new activity permitted by the Bank Holding Company Act or to acquire a
company engaged in any new activity permitted by the Bank Holding Company Act, each insured depository institution subsidiary of
the financial holding company must have received a rating of at least "satisfactory" in its most recent examination under the Community
Reinvestment Act.
Despite prior approval, the Federal Reserve may order a financial holding company or its subsidiaries to terminate any of these activities
or to terminate its ownership or control of any subsidiary when it has reasonable cause to believe that the financial holding company's
continued ownership, activity or control constitutes a serious risk to the financial safety, soundness, or stability of any of its bank subsidiaries
or if there is a failure to maintain certain capital or management standards.
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Support of Subsidiary Institutions. Pinnacle Financial is required to act as a source of financial and managerial strength for its bank
subsidiary, Pinnacle Bank, and to commit resources to support Pinnacle Bank. This support can be required at times when it would not
be in the best interest of Pinnacle Financial's shareholders or creditors to provide it. In the event of Pinnacle Financial's bankruptcy, any
commitment by it to a federal bank regulatory agency to maintain the capital of Pinnacle Bank would be assumed by the bankruptcy
trustee and entitled to a priority of payment.
Pinnacle Bank
Pinnacle Financial owns one bank - Pinnacle Bank. Pinnacle Bank is a state bank chartered under the laws of the State of Tennessee that
is not a member of the Federal Reserve. As a result, it is subject to the supervision, examination and reporting requirements and the
regulations of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") and Tennessee Department of Financial Institutions ("TDFI"). The
TDFI has the authority to approve or disapprove mergers, the issuance of preferred stock and capital notes, the establishment of branches
and similar corporate actions. The TDFI regularly examines state banks like Pinnacle Bank and in connection with its examinations may
identify matters necessary to improve a bank's operation in accordance with principles of safety and soundness. The FDIC also has
examination powers with respect to state, non-member banks like Pinnacle Bank. Any matters identified in such examinations are required
to be appropriately addressed by the bank. Pinnacle Bank is also subject to numerous state and federal statutes and regulations that will
affect its business, activities and operations.
Branching. While the TDFI has authority to approve branch applications, state banks are required by the State of Tennessee to adhere
to branching laws applicable to state chartered banks in the states in which they are located. With prior regulatory approval, Tennessee
law permits banks based in the state to either establish new or acquire existing branch offices throughout Tennessee. As a result of the
Dodd-Frank Act, Pinnacle Bank and any other national or state-chartered bank generally may branch across state lines to the same extent
as banks chartered in the state where the branch is located.
FDIC Insurance. Deposits in Pinnacle Bank are insured by the FDIC up to $250,000 subject to applicable limitations. To offset the cost
of this insurance, the FDIC has adopted a risk-based assessment system for insured depository institutions that takes into account the
risks attributable to different categories and concentrations of an insured depository institution’s assets and liabilities. An institution’s
assessment rate depends on the category to which it is assigned and certain adjustments specified by the FDIC, with less risky institutions
paying lower assessments. Under the Dodd-Frank Act, the FDIC has adopted regulations that base deposit insurance assessments on total
assets less capital rather than deposit liabilities and include off-balance sheet liabilities of institutions and their affiliates in risk-based
assessments. After an institution's average assets exceed $10 billion over four quarters as ours has, the assessment rate increases compared
to institutions at lower average asset levels. In addition, the FDIC retains the authority to further increase Pinnacle Bank’s assessment
rates and the FDIC has established a higher reserve ratio of 2% as a long-term goal which goes beyond what is required by statute.
Continued increases in our FDIC insurance premiums could have an adverse effect on Pinnacle Bank’s and Pinnacle Financial’s results
of operations.
The FDIC may terminate its insurance of an institution's deposits if it finds that the institution has engaged in unsafe and unsound practices,
is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable law, regulation, rule, order or condition imposed
by the FDIC.
General Enforcement Authority of Regulators
Bank holding companies (including those that have elected to be financial holding companies) and insured banks also may be subject to
potential enforcement actions of varying levels of severity by the federal regulators for unsafe or unsound practices in conducting their
business, or for violation of any law, rule, regulation, condition imposed in writing by any applicable agency or term of a written agreement
with that agency. In more serious cases, enforcement actions may include the issuance of directives to increase capital; the issuance of
formal and informal agreements; the imposition of civil monetary penalties; the issuance of a cease and desist order that can be judicially
enforced; the issuance of removal and prohibition orders against officers, directors, and other institution-affiliated parties; the termination
of the bank’s deposit insurance; the appointment of a conservator or receiver for the bank; and the enforcement of such actions through
injunctions or restraining orders based upon a judicial determination that the agency would be harmed if such equitable relief was not
granted.
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Capital Adequacy
The Federal Reserve has established a risk-based and a leverage measure of capital adequacy for bank holding companies. Pinnacle Bank
is also subject to risk-based and leverage capital requirements adopted by the FDIC, which are substantially similar to those adopted by
the Federal Reserve for bank holding companies. The risk-based capital standards are designed to make regulatory capital requirements
more sensitive to differences in risk profiles among banks and bank holding companies, to account for off-balance-sheet exposure, and
to minimize disincentives for holding liquid assets. Assets and off-balance-sheet items, such as letters of credit and unfunded loan
commitments, are assigned to broad risk categories, each with appropriate risk weights. The resulting capital ratios represent capital as
a percentage of total risk-weighted assets and off-balance-sheet items. Tennessee state banks are required to have the capital structure
that the TDFI deems adequate, and the Commissioner of the TDFI as well as federal regulators may require a state bank (or its holding
company in the case of federal regulators) to increase its capital structure to the point deemed adequate by the Commissioner or such
other federal regulator before granting approval of a branch application, merger application or charter amendment.
Total risk-based capital consists of two components, Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital. Following the passage of the Dodd-Frank Act, Tier
1 capital generally consists of common stock (plus related surplus) and retained earnings, minority interests in the equity accounts of
consolidated subsidiaries and noncumulative perpetual preferred stock and related surplus, less goodwill and other specified intangible
assets and other regulatory deductions, including a portion of Pinnacle Financial's and Pinnacle Bank's recorded investment in BHG
(which as a minority interest in an unconsolidated entity is subject to specified deductions). Tier 2 capital generally consists of subordinated
debt, other preferred stock, and a limited amount of loan loss reserves. The total amount of Tier 2 capital is limited to 100% of Tier 1
capital. The Dodd-Frank Act also excludes trust preferred securities issued after May 19, 2010 from being included in Tier 1 capital unless
the issuing company is a bank holding company with less than $500 million in total assets. Trust preferred securities issued prior to that
date will continue to count as Tier 1 capital for bank holding companies with less than $15 billion in total assets on that date unless the
company's assets thereafter exceed $15.0 billion as a result of a merger or acquisition. The trust preferred securities issued by Pinnacle
Financial or entities it has acquired previously qualified as Tier 1 capital, but no longer qualify as Tier 1 capital under the Dodd-Frank
Act and Basel III as a result of our total assets exceeding $15.0 billion as a result of the BNC merger. For a bank holding company to be
considered "well-capitalized," it must maintain a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least 8%, a total risk-based capital ratio of at least
10%, and not be subject to a written agreement, order or directive to maintain a specific capital level.
The Dodd-Frank Act contains a number of provisions dealing with capital adequacy of insured depository institutions and their holding
companies, and for the most part these provisions have resulted in insured depository institutions and their holding companies being
subject to more stringent capital requirements. Under the Dodd-Frank Act, federal regulators have established minimum Tier 1 leverage
and risk-based capital requirements for, among other entities, banks and bank holding companies on a consolidated basis. These minimum
requirements require that a bank holding company maintain a ratio of Tier 1 capital to average assets, less goodwill, other intangible
assets and other required deductions ("Tier 1 leverage ratio") of not less than 4% and a total risk-based capital ratio of not less than 8%.
In July 2013, the Federal Reserve and the FDIC approved final rules that substantially amend the regulatory capital rules applicable to
Pinnacle Bank and Pinnacle Financial, effective January 1, 2015. The final rules implement the regulatory capital reforms of the Basel
Committee on Banking Supervision reflected in "Basel III: A Global Regulatory Framework for More Resilient Banks and Banking
Systems" (Basel III) and changes required by the Dodd-Frank Act.
Under these rules, the leverage and risk-based capital ratios of bank holding companies may not be lower than the leverage and risk-
based capital ratios for insured depository institutions. The final Basel III rules include minimum risk-based capital and leverage ratios.
Moreover, these rules refined the definition of what constitutes "capital" for purposes of calculating those ratios, including the definitions
of Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital (as described above). The minimum capital level requirements applicable to bank holding companies
and banks subject to the rules are: (i) a Tier 1 common equity ratio of 4.5%; (ii) a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6%; (iii) a total risk-
based capital ratio of 8%; and (iv) a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4% for all institutions. The rules also establish a "capital conservation buffer"
of 2.5% (to be phased in over three years) above the regulatory minimum risk-based capital ratios, and result in the following minimum
ratios once the capital conservation buffer is fully phased in: (i) a common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 7%, (ii) a Tier 1 risk-
based capital ratio of 8.5%, and (iii) a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.5%. The phase-in of the capital conservation buffer requirement
commenced in January 2016 at 0.625% of risk-weighted assets and increases each year by the same amount until fully implemented in
January 2019. An institution will be subject to limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases and paying discretionary
bonuses if capital levels fall below minimum levels plus the buffer amounts. These limitations establish a maximum percentage of eligible
retained income that could be utilized for such actions. For the quarters ending in calendar year 2018, neither Pinnacle Financial nor
Pinnacle Bank will be required to obtain regulatory approval for dividends, stock repurchases or payment of discretionary bonuses solely
as a result of these buffers as long as its common equity Tier 1 capital ratio exceeds 6.375%, its Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio exceeds
7.875% and its total risk-based capital ratio exceeds 9.875%. Each of these amounts will increase by an additional 0.625% on January
1, 2019.
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Basel III prescribes a standardized approach for risk weightings that expand the risk-weighting categories from the four Basel I-derived
categories (0%, 20%, 50% and 100%) to a much larger and more risk-sensitive number of categories, depending on the nature of the
assets, generally ranging from 0% for U.S. government and agency securities, to 600% for certain equity exposures, and resulting in
higher risk weights for a variety of asset categories. Specific changes to the rules impacting Pinnacle Financial’s and Pinnacle Bank’s
determination of risk-weighted assets include, among other things:
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applying a 150% risk weight instead of a 100% risk weight for certain high volatility commercial real estate acquisition,
development and construction loans;
assigning a 150% risk weight to exposures (other than residential mortgage exposures) that are 90 days past due;
providing for a 20% credit conversion factor for the unused portion of a commitment with an original maturity of one year or
less that is not unconditionally cancellable (previously set at 0%);
providing for a risk weight, generally not less than 20% with certain exceptions, for securities lending transactions based on the
risk weight category of the underlying collateral securing the transaction;
providing for a 100% risk weight for claims on securities firms; and
eliminating the 50% cap on the risk weight for OTC derivatives.
The final rules allow banks and their holding companies with less than $250 billion in assets a one-time opportunity to opt-out of a
requirement to include unrealized gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income in their capital calculation. Pinnacle
Financial and Pinnacle Bank each opted out of this requirement.
The Federal Reserve has adopted regulations applicable to bank holding companies with assets over $10 billion that require such holding
companies and banks to conduct annual stress tests and report the results to the applicable regulators and publicly disclose a summary
of certain capital information and results including pro forma changes in regulatory capital ratios. For such companies, the board of
directors and senior management is required to consider the results of the stress test in the normal course of business, including but not
limited to capital planning and an assessment of capital adequacy in accordance with management's policies. Almost all of our assets are
held at Pinnacle Bank. Accordingly, when Pinnacle Financial crossed $10.0 billion in total assets, Pinnacle Bank did as well. Pinnacle
Financial and Pinnacle Bank will be required to file their first stress test results in the third quarter of 2018. Pinnacle Financial and
Pinnacle Bank's capital ratios reflected in the stress test calculations will be an important factor considered by our regulators in evaluating
the capital adequacy of Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank, in evaluating any proposed acquisitions for approval and in determining
whether proposed payments of dividends or stock repurchases may be an unsafe or unsound practice.
Pinnacle Financial must qualify as "well capitalized," among other requirements, in order for it to engage in certain acquisitions or be
eligible for expedited treatment of certain regulatory applications, including those related to mergers and acquisitions. For Pinnacle
Financial to qualify as "well capitalized," it must have a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of at least 8% and a total risk-based capital ratio
of at least 10% and not be subject to a written agreement, order or directive to maintain a specific capital level.
Failure to meet statutorily mandated capital requirements or more restrictive ratios separately established for a financial institution or its
holding company by its regulators could subject a bank or bank holding company to a variety of enforcement remedies, including issuance
of a capital directive, the termination of deposit insurance by the FDIC, a prohibition on accepting or renewing brokered deposits,
limitations on the rates of interest that the institution may pay on its deposits and other restrictions on its business.
Additionally, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991 ("FDICIA") establishes a system of prompt corrective
action to resolve the problems of undercapitalized financial institutions. Under this system, the federal banking regulators have established
five capital categories (well-capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized and critically
undercapitalized) into one of which all institutions are placed. Federal banking regulators are required to take various mandatory
supervisory actions and are authorized to take other discretionary actions with respect to institutions in the three undercapitalized categories.
The severity of the action depends upon the capital category in which the institution is placed. Generally, subject to a narrow exception,
the banking regulator must appoint a receiver or conservator within a specified period for an institution that is critically undercapitalized.
The federal banking agencies have specified by regulation the relevant capital level for each category.
Under FDIC regulations, a state regulated bank which is not a member of the Federal Reserve (a state non-member bank) like Pinnacle
Bank is "well capitalized" if it has a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 5% or better, a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 6.5% or better, a Tier
1 risk-based capital ratio of 8% or better, a total risk-based capital ratio of 10% or better, and is not subject to a regulatory agreement,
order or directive to maintain a specific level for any capital measure. A state non-member bank is considered "adequately capitalized"
if it has a Tier 1 leverage ratio of at least 4%, a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 4.5% or better, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of
at least 6.0%, a total risk-based capital ratio of at least 8.0% and does not meet the definition of a well-capitalized bank. Lower levels of
capital result in a bank being considered undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized and critically undercapitalized.
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State non-member banks are required to be "well capitalized" in order to take advantage of expedited procedures on certain applications,
such as those related to the opening of branches and mergers, and to accept and renew brokered deposits without further regulatory
approval.
An institution that is categorized as undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized, or critically undercapitalized is required to submit
an acceptable capital restoration plan to its appropriate federal banking agency. In addition, a bank holding company must guarantee that
a subsidiary depository institution meets its capital restoration plan, subject to various limitations. The controlling holding company's
obligation to fund a capital restoration plan is limited to the lesser of 5% of an undercapitalized subsidiary's assets or the amount required
to meet regulatory capital requirements. An undercapitalized institution is also generally prohibited from increasing its average total
assets, making acquisitions, establishing any branches or engaging in any new line of business, except under an accepted capital restoration
plan or with FDIC approval. The regulations also establish procedures for downgrading an institution into a lower capital category based
on supervisory factors other than capital. As of December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Bank is considered "well-capitalized".
At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Bank's common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 10.3%, Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was
10.3%, total risk-based capital ratio was 11.3% and Tier 1 leverage ratio was 9.7%, compared to 9.3%, 9.3%, 11.2% and 9.2% at December
31, 2016, respectively. At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial's common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 9.1%, Tier 1 risk-
based capital ratio was 9.1%, total risk-based capital ratio was 12.0% and Tier 1 leverage ratio was 8.6%, compared to 7.9%, 8.6%, 11.9%
and 8.6% at December 31, 2016, respectively. All of these ratios exceeded regulatory minimums and those required by Basel III and
FDICIA (including after application of any capital conservation buffer). More information concerning Pinnacle Financial's and Pinnacle
Bank's regulatory ratios at December 31, 2017 is included in Note 21 to the "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements" included
elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Capital Planning
Banking organizations must have appropriate capital planning processes, with proper oversight from the board of directors. Accordingly,
pursuant to a separate, general supervisory letter from the Federal Reserve, bank holding companies are expected to conduct and document
comprehensive capital adequacy analyses prior to the declaration of any dividends (on common stock, preferred stock, trust preferred
securities or other Tier 1 capital instruments), capital redemptions or capital repurchases. Moreover, the federal banking agencies have
adopted a joint agency policy statement, noting that the adequacy and effectiveness of a bank’s interest rate risk management process
and the level of its interest rate exposures are critical factors in the evaluation of the bank’s capital adequacy. A bank with material
weaknesses in its interest rate risk management process or high levels of interest rate exposure relative to its capital will be directed by
the relevant federal banking agencies to take corrective actions.
Payment of Dividends
Pinnacle Financial is a legal entity separate and distinct from Pinnacle Bank. The principal source of Pinnacle Financial's cash flow,
including cash flow to pay interest to its holders of subordinated debentures and subordinated notes, and any dividends payable to common
shareholders, are dividends that Pinnacle Bank pays to Pinnacle Financial as its sole shareholder. Under Tennessee law, Pinnacle Financial
is not permitted to pay dividends if, after giving effect to such payment, it would not be able to pay its debts as they become due in the
usual course of business or its total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities plus any amounts needed to satisfy any
preferential rights if it were dissolving. In addition, in deciding whether or not to declare a dividend of any particular size, Pinnacle
Financial's board of directors must consider its and Pinnacle Bank's current and prospective capital, liquidity, and other needs.
In addition to state law limitations on Pinnacle Financial's ability to pay dividends, the Federal Reserve imposes limitations on Pinnacle
Financial's ability to pay dividends. As noted above, effective January 1, 2016, Federal Reserve regulations limit dividends, stock
repurchases and discretionary bonuses to executive officers if Pinnacle Financial's regulatory capital is below the level of regulatory
minimums plus the applicable capital conservation buffer.
Statutory and regulatory limitations also apply to Pinnacle Bank's payment of dividends to Pinnacle Financial. Pinnacle Bank is required
by Tennessee law to obtain the prior approval of the Commissioner of the TDFI for payments of dividends if the total of all dividends
declared by its board of directors in any calendar year will exceed (1) the total of Pinnacle Bank's net income for that year, plus (2)
Pinnacle Bank's retained net income for the preceding two years. As of December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Bank could pay dividends to us
of up to $305.1 million. Generally, federal regulatory policy encourages holding company debt to be serviced by subsidiary bank dividends
or additional equity rather than debt issuances. Pinnacle Financial currently has available cash balances which amounted to approximately
$64.9 million at December 31, 2017.
The payment of dividends by Pinnacle Bank and Pinnacle Financial may also be affected by other factors, such as the requirement to
maintain adequate capital above statutory and regulatory requirements imposed on Pinnacle Bank or Pinnacle Financial by their regulators.
The federal banking agencies have indicated that paying dividends that deplete a depository institution's capital base to an inadequate
level would be an unsafe and unsound banking practice. Under the FDICIA, a depository institution may not pay any dividend if payment
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would cause it to become undercapitalized or if it already is undercapitalized. Moreover, the federal agencies have issued policy statements
that provide that bank holding companies and insured depository institutions should generally only pay dividends out of current operating
earnings, and the capital rules adopted implementing Basel III prohibit the payment of dividends when a holding company or insured
depository institution is not in compliance with the capital conservation buffer described elsewhere in this report. See "Capital Adequacy"
above.
During the fourth quarter of 2013, Pinnacle Financial initiated a quarterly common stock dividend in the amount of $0.08 per share. On
January 20, 2015, the board of directors of Pinnacle Financial increased the dividend to $0.12 per share, and on January 19, 2016, the
board of directors increased the dividend to $0.14 per share. During the year ended December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial paid $35.9
million in dividends to common shareholders. On January 16, 2018, our board of directors declared a $0.14 quarterly cash dividend to
common shareholders which approximated $10.9 million in aggregate dividend payments paid on February 23, 2018 to common
shareholders of record as of the close of business on February 2, 2018. The amount and timing of all future dividend payments, if any,
is subject to our board's discretion and will depend on our earnings, capital position, financial condition and other factors, including new
regulatory capital requirements, as they become known to us.
Restrictions on Transactions with Affiliates
Both Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank are subject to the provisions of Section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act. Section 23A places
limits on the amount of:
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A bank's loans or extensions of credit, including purchases of assets subject to an agreement to repurchase, to or for the benefit
of affiliates;
A bank's investment in affiliates;
Assets a bank may purchase from affiliates, except for real and personal property exempted by the Federal Reserve;
The amount of loans or extensions of credit to third parties collateralized by the securities or obligations of affiliates;
Transactions involving the borrowing or lending of securities and any derivative transaction that results in credit exposure to an
affiliate; and
A bank's guarantee, acceptance or letter of credit issued on behalf of an affiliate.
The total amount of the above transactions is limited in amount, as to any one affiliate, to 10% of a bank's capital and surplus and, as to
all affiliates combined, to 20% of a bank's capital stock and surplus. In addition to the limitation on the amount of these transactions,
each of the above transactions must also meet specified collateral requirements. Pinnacle Bank must also comply with other provisions
designed to avoid the taking of low-quality assets.
Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank are also subject to the provisions of Section 23B of the Federal Reserve Act which, among other
things, prohibits an institution from engaging in the above transactions with affiliates unless the transactions are on terms substantially
the same, or at least as favorable to the institution or its subsidiaries, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with
nonaffiliated companies.
Pinnacle Bank is also subject to restrictions on extensions of credit to its executive officers, directors, principal shareholders and their
related interests. These extensions of credit must be made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those
prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with third parties, and must not involve more than the normal risk of repayment or
present other unfavorable features.
Community Reinvestment
The Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) requires that, in connection with examinations of financial institutions within their respective
jurisdictions, the Federal Reserve and the FDIC shall evaluate the record of each financial institution in meeting the credit needs of its
local community, including low- and moderate-income neighborhoods. These facts are also considered in evaluating mergers, acquisitions,
and applications to open a branch or facility. Failure to adequately meet these criteria could impose additional requirements and limitations
on Pinnacle Bank. Additionally, banks are required to publicly disclose the terms of various Community Reinvestment Act-related
agreements. Pinnacle Bank received an "outstanding" CRA rating from its primary federal regulator on its most recent regulatory
examination.
Privacy
Under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, financial institutions are required to disclose their policies for collecting and protecting confidential
information. Customers generally may prevent financial institutions from sharing personal financial information with nonaffiliated third
parties except for third parties that market the institutions' own products and services. Additionally, financial institutions generally may
not disclose consumer account numbers to any nonaffiliated third party for use in telemarketing, direct mail marketing or other marketing
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through electronic mail to consumers. Pinnacle Bank has established a privacy policy that it believes promotes compliance with
these federal requirements.
Other Consumer Laws and Regulations
Interest and other charges collected or contracted for by Pinnacle Bank are subject to state usury laws and federal laws concerning interest
rates. For example, under the Service Members Civil Relief Act, a lender is generally prohibited from charging an annual interest rate in
excess of 6% on any obligations for which the borrower is a person on active duty with the United States military.
Pinnacle Bank's loan operations are also subject to federal laws applicable to credit transactions, such as the:
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Federal Truth-In-Lending Act, governing disclosures of credit terms and costs to consumer borrowers, giving consumers the
right to cancel certain credit transactions, and defining requirements for servicing consumer loans secured by a dwelling;
Home Mortgage Disclosure Act of 1975, requiring financial institutions to provide information to enable the public and
public officials to determine whether a financial institution is fulfilling its obligation to help meet the housing needs of the
community it serves;
Equal Credit Opportunity Act, prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, creed or other prohibited factors in extending
credit;
Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1978, governing the use and provision of information to credit reporting agencies;
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, governing the manner in which consumer debts may be collected by collection agencies;
Service Members Civil Relief Act, governing the repayment terms of, and property rights underlying, secured obligations of
persons in active military service;
Rules and regulations of the various federal agencies charged with the responsibility of implementing the federal laws;
Electronic Fund Transfers Act, which regulates fees and other terms of electronic funds transactions;
Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003, which permanently extended the national credit reporting standards of the
Fair Credit Reporting Act, and permits consumers, including our customers, to opt out of information sharing among
affiliated companies for marketing purposes and requires financial institutions, including banks, to notify a customer if the
institution provides negative information about the customer to a national credit reporting agency or if the credit that is
granted to the customer is on less favorable terms than those generally available;
Fair Housing Act, which prohibits discriminatory practices relative to real estate related transactions, including the financing
of housing and the rules and regulations of the various federal agencies charged with the responsibility of implementing such
federal laws; and
Real Estate Settlement and Procedures Act of 1974, which affords consumers greater protection pertaining to federally related
mortgage loans by requiring, among other things, improved and streamlined loan estimate forms including clear summary
information and improved disclosure of yield spread premiums.
Pinnacle Bank's deposit operations are subject to the:
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Right to Financial Privacy Act, which imposes a duty to maintain confidentiality of consumer financial records and prescribes
procedures for complying with administrative subpoenas of financial records;
Electronic Fund Transfers Act and Regulation E issued by the Federal Reserve to implement that act, which govern automatic
deposits to and withdrawals from deposit accounts and customers' rights and liabilities (including with respect to the
permissibility of overdraft charges) arising from the use of automated teller machines and other electronic banking services.
Truth in Savings Act, which requires depository institutions to disclose the terms of deposit accounts to consumers;
Expedited Funds Availability Act, which requires financial institutions to make deposited funds available according to
specified time schedules and to disclose funds availability policies to consumers; and
Check Clearing for the 21st Century Act ("Check 21"), which is designed to foster innovation in the payments system and to
enhance its efficiency by reducing some of the legal impediments to check truncation. Check 21 created a new negotiable
instrument called a substitute check and permits, but does not require, banks to truncate original checks, process check
information electronically, and deliver substitute checks to banks that wish to continue receiving paper checks.
Pinnacle Bank's loan and deposit operations are both subject to the Bank Secrecy Act which governs how banks and other firms report
certain currency transactions and maintain appropriate safeguards against "money laundering" activities.
Examination and enforcement by the state and federal banking agencies, and other such enforcement authorities, for non-compliance
with consumer protection laws and their implementing regulations have increased and become more intense. The advent of the Consumer
Financial Protection Bureau (the "CFPB"), as described in more detail below, further heightens oversight and review of compliance with
consumer protection laws and regulations. Due to these heightened regulatory concerns, including increased enforcement of the CRA by
the federal banking agencies, and new powers and authority of the CFPB, Pinnacle Bank and its affiliates may incur additional compliance
costs or be required to expend additional funds for investments in their local community.
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Anti-Terrorism Legislation
On October 26, 2001, pursuant to the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and
Obstruct Terrorism (USA PATRIOT) Act of 2001, financial institutions are subject to prohibitions against specified financial transactions
and account relationships as well as enhanced due diligence and "know your customer" standards in their dealings with foreign financial
institutions and foreign customers.
In addition, the USA PATRIOT Act authorizes the U.S. Treasury to adopt rules increasing the cooperation and information sharing between
financial institutions, regulators, and law enforcement authorities regarding individuals, entities and organizations engaged in, or
reasonably suspected based on credible evidence of engaging in, terrorist acts or money laundering activities. Any financial institution
complying with these rules will not be deemed to have violated the privacy provisions of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, as discussed
above. Pinnacle Bank currently has policies and procedures in place designed to comply with the USA PATRIOT Act. Federal banking
regulators are required, when reviewing bank holding company acquisition and bank merger applications, to consider the effectiveness
of the anti-money laundering activities of the applicants. Material deficiencies in anti-money laundering compliance, and non-compliance
with related requirements such as the U.S. economic and trade sanctions regimes, can result in public enforcement actions by the bank
regulatory agencies and other government agencies, including the imposition of civil money penalties and supervisory restrictions on
growth and expansion. Such enforcement actions could also have serious reputational consequences for Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle
Bank.
The Office of Foreign Assets Control
The Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”), which is an office in the U.S. Department of the Treasury, is responsible for helping
to ensure that U.S. entities do not engage in transactions with “enemies” of the United States, as defined by various Executive Orders
and Acts of Congress. OFAC publishes lists of names of persons and organizations suspected of aiding, harboring or engaging in
terrorist acts; owned or controlled by, or acting on behalf of target countries, and narcotics traffickers. If a bank finds a name on any
transaction, account or wire transfer that is on an OFAC list, it must freeze or block the transactions on the account. Pinnacle Bank has
appointed a compliance officer to oversee the inspection of its accounts and the filing of any notifications. Pinnacle Bank actively
checks high risk OFAC areas such as new accounts, wire transfers and customer files. These checks are performed using software that
is updated each time a modification is made to the lists provided by OFAC and other agencies of Specially Designated Nationals and
Blocked Persons.
The Dodd-Frank Act
New regulations and statutes are regularly proposed that contain wide-ranging proposals for altering the structures, regulations and
competitive relationships of the nation's financial institutions. In 2010, the U.S. Congress passed the Dodd-Frank Act, which includes
significant consumer protection provisions related to, among other things, residential mortgage loans that have increased, and are likely
to further increase, our regulatory compliance costs. The Dodd-Frank Act also imposes other restrictions on our operations, including
restrictions on the types of investments that bank holding companies and banks can make. Given the sweeping nature of the Dodd-Frank
Act and the fact that our total assets now exceed $10 billion, which results in the imposition of certain additional requirements thereunder,
we expect that the Dodd-Frank Act will continue to have a negative impact on our earnings through fee reductions, higher costs and
restrictions on certain activities. Failure to comply with the requirements would negatively impact our results of operations and financial
condition and could limit our growth or expansion activities. While we cannot predict what effect any presently contemplated or future
changes in the laws or regulations or their interpretations would have on us, such changes could be materially adverse to our investors.
Set out below are certain of the additional provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act to which we are subject since our total assets exceed $10
billion.
Risk Committee. Publicly traded bank holding companies with $10 billion or more in total assets like Pinnacle Financial are required
to establish a risk committee responsible for oversight of enterprise-wide risk management practices. The committee must be
comprised only of independent directors and must include at least one risk management expert with experience in managing risk
exposures of large, complex firms. Pinnacle Financial established a risk committee on February 7, 2017.
Stress Testing. Pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Act, any banking organization, including whether a bank holding company or a depository
institution, with more than $10 billion in total consolidated assets and regulated by a federal financial regulatory agency is required
to conduct annual company-run stress tests to ensure it has sufficient capital during periods of economic downturn. Currently, the
Federal Reserve and FDIC release stress-test scenarios on February 15, and banking organizations are required to submit the results
of their tests to the appropriate regulator by July 31. Currently, the results of each year's stress tests are publicly disclosed in October,
following each banking organization's submission. Almost all of our assets are held at Pinnacle Bank; accordingly both we and
Pinnacle Bank have total assets in excess of $10 billion and both we and Pinnacle Bank must perform the stress test. Pinnacle
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Financial’s and Pinnacle Bank's first stress tests are due in July 2018. We expect our regulators will consider the results of our stress
tests in evaluating the capital adequacy of Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank, including in connection with potential acquisitions,
and whether the appropriateness of any proposed payments of dividends or stock repurchases may be an unsafe or unsound practice.
In reviewing our stress test results, our regulators will consider both quantitative and qualitative factors.
Durbin Amendment. The Dodd-Frank Act included provisions (known as the "Durbin Amendment") which restrict interchange
fees to those which are "reasonable and proportionate" for certain debit card issuers and limits the ability of networks and issuers to
restrict debit card transaction routing. The Federal Reserve issued final rules implementing the Durbin Amendment on June 29,
2011. In the final rules, interchange fees for debit card transactions were capped at $0.21 plus five basis points (plus $0.01 for fraud
loss) in order to be eligible for a safe harbor such that the fee is conclusively determined to be reasonable and proportionate. The
interchange fee restrictions contained in the Durbin Amendment, and the rules promulgated thereunder, only apply to debit card
issuers with $10 billion or more in total consolidated assets, like Pinnacle Bank. The implications of the Durbin Amendment first
became applicable to us on July 1, 2017.
Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. The Dodd-Frank Act also created the CFPB, which took over responsibility for enforcing
the principal federal consumer protection laws, such as the Truth in Lending Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Real Estate
Settlement Procedures Act and the Truth in Saving Act, among others, on July 21, 2011. We are subject to oversight by the CFPB.
The CFPB has broad rulemaking authority for a wide range of consumer financial laws that apply to all banks including, among
other things, the authority to prohibit "unfair, deceptive, or abusive" acts and practices. Abusive acts or practices are defined as those
that (1) materially interfere with a consumer's ability to understand a term or condition of a consumer financial product or service,
or (2) take unreasonable advantage of a consumer's (a) lack of financial savvy, (b) inability to protect himself in the selection or use
of consumer financial products or services, or (c) reasonable reliance on a covered entity to act in the consumer's interests. The CFPB
has the authority to investigate possible violations of federal consumer financial law, hold hearings and commence civil litigation.
The CFPB can issue cease-and-desist orders against banks and other entities that violate consumer financial laws. The CFPB may
also institute a civil action against an entity in violation of federal consumer financial law in order to impose a civil penalty or an
injunction.
The rules issued by the CFPB will have a long-term impact on our business, including our mortgage loan origination and servicing
activities. Compliance with these rules will increase our overall regulatory compliance costs. On July 1, 2017, the CFPB took over
conducting on-site consumer examinations from the FDIC for all regulations that transferred under their supervision.
Securities Registration and Listing
Pinnacle Financial’s securities are registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and listed
on the Nasdaq Global Select Market. As such, Pinnacle Financial is subject to the information, proxy solicitation, insider trading, corporate
governance, and other requirements and restrictions of the Exchange Act, as well as the Marketplace Rules and other requirements
promulgated by the Nasdaq Stock Market, LLC.
As a public company, Pinnacle Financial is also subject to the accounting oversight and corporate governance requirements of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002, including, among other things, required executive certification of financial presentations, increased requirements for
board audit committees and their members, and enhanced requirements relating to disclosure controls and procedures and internal control
over financial reporting.
Insurance Agencies
Each of Miller Loughry Beach and HPB Insurance Group is subject to licensing requirements and extensive regulation under the laws
of the various states in which it conducts its insurance agency business. These laws and regulations are primarily for the protection of
policyholders. In all jurisdictions, the applicable laws and regulations are subject to amendment or interpretation by regulatory authorities.
Generally, those authorities are vested with relatively broad discretion to grant, renew and revoke licenses and approvals and to implement
regulations. Licenses may be denied or revoked for various reasons, including for regulatory violations or upon conviction for certain
crimes. Possible sanctions that may be imposed for violation of regulations include the suspension of individual employees, limitations
on engaging in a particular business for a specified period of time, revocation of licenses, censures and fines.
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Effect of Governmental Monetary Policies
Our earnings are affected by domestic economic conditions and the monetary and fiscal policies of the United States government and its
agencies. The Federal Reserve's monetary policies have had, and are likely to continue to have, an important impact on the operating
results of commercial banks through the Federal Reserve's statutory power to implement national monetary policy in order, among other
things, to curb inflation or combat a recession. The Federal Reserve, through its monetary and fiscal policies, affects the levels of bank
loans, investments and deposits through its control over the issuance of United States government securities, its regulation of the discount
rate applicable to member banks and its influence over reserve requirements to which member banks are subject. We cannot predict the
nature or impact of future changes in monetary and fiscal policies.
Proposed Legislation and Regulatory Action
New regulations and statutes are regularly proposed that contain wide-ranging provisions for altering the structures, regulations and
competitive relationships of the nation’s financial institutions. Over the last year, the U.S. Congress has debated and proposed changes
to the financial institution regulatory landscape, including proposed amendments to the Dodd-Frank Act, including raising the asset
threshold levels at which financial institutions and their holding companies become subject to enhanced regulatory oversight and
compliance requirements. We cannot predict whether or in what form any proposed regulation or statute will be adopted or the extent to
which our business may be affected by any new regulation or statute. Even if modifications are enacted to existing or proposed regulations,
including raising certain assets thresholds above those currently in place, we may continue to face enhanced scrutiny from our regulators
who may expect us to continue to comply with the current, more stringent requirements as part of their safety and soundness and compliance
examinations and general oversight of our operations.
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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Investing in our common stock involves various risks which are particular to our company, our industry and our market areas.
If any of the following risks were to occur, we may not be able to conduct our business as currently planned and our results of
operations and financial condition could be materially and negatively impacted. These matters could cause the trading price of our
common stock to decline in future periods.
Our net interest margin, and consequently our net earnings, are significantly affected by interest rate levels.
Our profitability is dependent to a large extent on net interest income, which is the difference between interest income earned
on loans, leases and investment securities and interest expense paid on deposits, other borrowings, subordinated debentures and
subordinated notes. The absolute level of interest rates as well as changes in interest rates or that affect the yield curve may affect
our level of interest income, the primary component of our gross revenue, as well as the level of our interest expense. Interest rate
fluctuations are caused by many factors which, for the most part, are not under our control. For example, national monetary
policy plays a significant role in the determination of interest rates. Additionally, competitor pricing (including competition that
may develop as a result of the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act) and the resulting negotiations that occur with our customers
also impact the rates we collect on loans and the rates we pay on deposits. In addition, changes in the method of determining the
London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or other reference rates, or uncertainty related to such potential changes, may adversely
affect the value of reference rate-linked debt securities that we hold or issue, which could further impact our interest rate spread.
Changes in the level of interest rates also may negatively affect our ability to originate loans, the value of our assets and our
ability to realize gains from the sale of our assets, all of which ultimately affect our results of operations and financial condition.
A decline in the market value of our assets may limit our ability to borrow additional funds. As a result, we could be required to
sell some of our loans and investments under adverse market conditions, upon terms that are not favorable to us, in order to
maintain our liquidity. If those sales are made at prices lower than the amortized costs of the investments, we will incur losses.
Because of significant competitive pressures in our markets and the negative impact of these pressures on our deposit and
loan pricing, coupled with the fact that a significant portion of our loan portfolio has variable rate pricing that moves in concert
with changes to the Federal Reserve’s federal funds rate or LIBOR (both of which are at low levels as a result of recent economic
conditions), our net interest margin may be negatively impacted if these short-term rates remain at their low levels. However, if
short-term interest rates rise, our results of operations may also be negatively impacted if we are unable to increase the rates we
charge on loans or earn on our investment securities in excess of the increases we must pay on deposits and our other funding
sources. As interest rates change, we expect that we will periodically experience “gaps” in the interest rate sensitivities of our
assets and liabilities, meaning that either our interest-bearing liabilities (usually deposits and borrowings) will be more sensitive
to changes in market interest rates than our interest-earning assets (usually loans and investment securities), or vice versa. In
either event, if market interest rates should move contrary to our position, this “gap” may work against us, and our results of
operations and financial condition may be negatively affected.
We have entered into certain hedging transactions including interest rate swaps, which are designed to lessen elements of our
interest rate exposure. In the event that interest rates do not change in the manner anticipated, such transactions may not be
effective and our results of operations may be adversely affected.
We have a concentration of credit exposure to borrowers in certain industries, and we also target small to medium-sized
businesses.
We have meaningful credit exposures to borrowers in certain businesses, including commercial and residential building
lessors, new home builders, and land subdividers. These industries experienced adversity during 2008 through 2010 as a result of
sluggish economic conditions, and, as a result, an increased level of borrowers in these industries were unable to perform under
their loan agreements with us, or suffered loan downgrades which negatively impacted our results of operations. If the economic
environment in our markets weakens in 2018 or beyond, these industry or other concentrations could result in increased
deterioration in credit quality, past dues, loan charge offs and collateral value declines, which could cause our results of
operations and financial condition to be negatively impacted. Furthermore, any of our large credit exposures that deteriorate
unexpectedly could cause us to have to make significant additional loan loss provisions, negatively impacting our results of
operations and financial condition.
A substantial focus of our marketing and business strategy is to serve small to medium-sized businesses in our market areas.
As a result, a relatively high percentage of our loan portfolio consists of commercial loans primarily to small to medium-sized
businesses. At December 31, 2017, our commercial and industrial loans accounted for almost 26.5% of our total loans.
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Additionally, approximately, 36.9% of our commercial real-estate mortgage loans at December 31, 2017 are owner-occupied
commercial real estate loans, which are loans to businesses secured by the businesses’ real estate. We expect to seek to expand the
amount of such loans in our portfolio in 2018. During periods of lower economic growth or challenging economic periods, small
to medium-sized businesses may be impacted more severely and more quickly than larger businesses. Consequently, the ability of
such businesses to repay their loans may deteriorate, and in some cases this deterioration may occur quickly, which would
adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.
As a result of our acquisitions over the last three years and our strong organic growth in our legacy markets as well as our
revaluation of deferred tax assets and recognized investment securities losses following the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
during the fourth quarter of 2017, our level of commercial real estate loans increased markedly from approximately 190% of total
risk-based capital as of December 31, 2014 to approximately 297% of total risk-based capital as of December 31, 2017. If our
level of commercial real estate loans were to remain at these elevated levels or exceed regulatory guidelines, our ability to grow
our loan portfolio in line with our targets may be negatively impacted if we don’t increase our capital levels and it may be more
difficult to secure any required regulatory approvals necessary to execute on our expansion strategy without increasing our capital
levels.
The percentage of real estate construction and development loans in our loan portfolio was approximately 12.2% of total
loans at December 31, 2017. These loans make up approximately 10.4% of our non-performing loans at December 31, 2017. This
type of lending is generally considered to have relatively high credit risks because the principal is concentrated in a limited
number of loans with repayment dependent on the successful completion and operation of the related real estate project.
Weakness in residential real estate market prices as well as demand could result in price reductions in home and land values
adversely affecting the value of collateral securing the construction and development loans that we hold. Should we experience
the return of adverse economic and real estate market conditions similar to those we experienced in 2009 and 2010 we may again
experience increases in non-performing loans and other real estate owned, increased losses and expenses from the management
and disposition of non-performing assets, increases in provision for loan losses, and increases in operating expenses as a result of
the allocation of management time and resources to the collection and work out of loans, all of which would negatively impact
our financial condition and results of operations.
Our business may suffer if there are significant declines in the value of real estate.
The market value of real estate can fluctuate significantly in a short period of time as a result of market conditions in the
geographic area in which the real estate is located. If the value of the real estate serving as collateral for our loan and lease
portfolio were to decline materially, a significant part of our loan portfolio could become under-collateralized. If the loans that are
collateralized by real estate become troubled during a time when market conditions are declining or have declined, we may not be
able to realize the value of the security anticipated when we originated the loan, which in turn could have an adverse effect on our
allowance and provision for loan and lease losses and our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.
Most of our foreclosed assets are comprised of real estate properties. We carry these properties at their estimated fair values
less estimated selling costs. While we believe the carrying values for such assets are reasonable and appropriately reflect current
market conditions, there can be no assurance that the values of such assets will not further decline prior to sale or that the amount
of proceeds realized upon disposition of foreclosed assets will approximate the carrying value of such assets. If the proceeds from
any such dispositions are less than the carrying value of foreclosed assets, we will record a loss on the disposition of such assets,
which in turn could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our operations are principally geographically concentrated in certain markets in the southeastern United States, and changes
in local economic conditions impact our profitability.
Prior to our acquisitions of CapitalMark and Magna, we operated primarily in the Nashville, Tennessee and Knoxville,
Tennessee MSAs, and most of our borrowers, depositors and other customers lived or had operations in these areas. With our
acquisitions of CapitalMark and Magna, we have increased our presence in the Knoxville MSA and expanded our operations into
the Chattanooga MSA and surrounding counties and the Memphis MSA. Following our acquisition of BNC, we have expanded
our operations to the Carolinas and Virginia. As a result, a significant percentage of our borrowers are situated in these Tennessee
MSAs, and the various MSAs we have recently entered into in the Carolinas and Virginia. Our success significantly depends upon
the growth in population, income levels, deposits and housing starts in our markets (particularly the Nashville, Tennessee MSA,
Knoxville, Tennessee MSA and the Carolina and Virginia MSAs), along with the continued attraction of business ventures to
these areas, and our profitability is impacted by the changes in general economic conditions in these markets. We cannot assure
you that economic conditions, including loan demand, in our markets will not deteriorate during 2018 or thereafter, and upon any
deterioration, we may not be able to grow our loan portfolio in line with our expectations and the ability of our customers to repay
their loans to us may be negatively impacted and our financial condition and results of operations could be negatively impacted.
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Compared to national financial institutions, we are less able to spread the risks of unfavorable local economic conditions
across a large number of diversified economies. Moreover, we cannot give any assurance that we will benefit from any market
growth or return of more favorable economic conditions in our primary market areas if they do occur.
Our acquisitions and future expansion may result in additional risks.
Over the last three years we have completed the acquisitions of CapitalMark, Magna, Avenue and BNC. We expect to
continue to expand in our current markets and in select high-growth markets located outside of Tennessee in the southeastern
portion of the United States through additional branches and also may consider expansion within these markets through additional
acquisitions of all or part of other financial institutions. These types of expansions involve various risks, including:
Management of Growth. We may be unable to successfully:
identify and expand into suitable markets;
obtain regulatory and other approvals;
identify and acquire suitable sites for new banking offices;
attract sufficient deposits and capital to fund anticipated loan growth;
• maintain loan quality in the context of significant loan growth;
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• maintain adequate common equity and regulatory capital;
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• maintain adequate management personnel and systems to oversee and support such growth;
• maintain adequate internal audit, loan review and compliance functions; and
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implement additional policies, procedures and operating systems required to support such growth.
avoid diversion or disruption of our existing operations or management as well as those of the acquired institution;
Results of Operations. There is no assurance that existing offices or future offices will maintain or achieve deposit levels, loan
balances or other operating results necessary to avoid losses or produce profits. Our growth strategy necessarily entails growth in
overhead expenses as we routinely add new offices and staff. Our historical results may not be indicative of future results or
results that may be achieved as we continue to increase the number and concentration of our branch offices in our newer markets.
Development of offices. There are considerable costs involved in opening branches, and new branches generally do not generate
sufficient revenues to offset their costs until they have been in operation for at least a year or more. Accordingly, any new
branches we establish can be expected to negatively impact our earnings for some period of time until they reach certain
economies of scale. The same is true for our efforts to expand in these markets with the hiring of additional seasoned
professionals with significant experience in that market. Our expenses could be further increased if we encounter delays in
opening any of our new branches. We may be unable to accomplish future branch expansion plans due to a lack of available
satisfactory sites, difficulties in acquiring such sites, failure to receive any required regulatory approvals, increased expenses or
loss of potential sites due to complexities associated with zoning and permitting processes, higher than anticipated merger and
acquisition costs or other factors. Finally, we have no assurance any branch will be successful even after it has been established or
acquired, as the case may be.
Regulatory and economic factors. Our growth and expansion plans may be adversely affected by a number of regulatory and
economic developments or other events. Failure to obtain required regulatory approvals, changes in laws and regulations or other
regulatory developments and changes in prevailing economic conditions or other unanticipated events may prevent or adversely
affect our continued growth and expansion. Such factors may cause us to alter our growth and expansion plans or slow or halt the
growth and expansion process, which may prevent us from entering into or expanding in our targeted markets or allow
competitors to gain or retain market share in our existing markets.
Failure to successfully address these and other issues related to our expansion could have a material adverse effect on our
financial condition and results of operations, and could adversely affect our ability to successfully implement our business
strategy. Also, if our growth occurs more slowly than anticipated or declines, our results of operations and financial condition
could be materially adversely affected.
If our allowance for loan losses is not sufficient to cover losses inherent in our loan portfolio, our results of operations and
financial condition will be negatively impacted.
If loan customers with significant loan balances fail to repay their loans, our results of operations, financial condition and
capital levels will suffer. We make various assumptions and judgments about the probable losses in our loan portfolio, including
the creditworthiness of our borrowers and the value of any collateral securing the loans. Utilizing objective and subjective factors,
we maintain an allowance for loan losses, established through a provision for loan and lease losses charged to expense, to cover
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our estimate of the probable losses in our loan portfolio. In determining the size of this allowance, we utilize estimates based on
analyses of volume and types of loans, internal loan classifications, trends in classifications, volume and trends in delinquencies,
nonaccruals and charge-offs, loss experience of various loan categories, national and local economic conditions, industry and peer
bank loan quality indications, and other pertinent factors and information. Actual losses are difficult to forecast, especially if those
losses stem from factors beyond our historical experience or are otherwise inconsistent with our credit quality assessments. If our
assumptions are inaccurate, our current allowance may not be sufficient to cover potential loan losses, and additional provisions
may be necessary which would negatively impact our results of operations and financial condition.
In addition, federal and state regulators periodically review our loan portfolio and may require us to increase our allowance
for loan losses or recognize loan charge-offs. Their conclusions about the quality of a particular borrower or our entire loan
portfolio may be different than ours. Any increase in our allowance for loan losses or loan charge offs as required by these
regulatory agencies could have a negative effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Moreover, additions to the
allowance may be necessary based on changes in economic and real estate market conditions, new information regarding existing
loans (including those we acquired in our recently completed acquisitions), identification of additional problem loans, accounting
rule changes (like those related to the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s rules regarding accounting for current expected
credit losses that are not yet effective) and other factors, both within and outside of our management’s control. These additions
may require increased provision expense which would negatively impact our results of operations and financial condition.
Liquidity risk could impair our ability to fund our operations and jeopardize our financial condition.
Liquidity represents an institution’s ability to provide funds to satisfy demands from depositors, borrowers and other
creditors by either converting assets into cash or accessing new or existing sources of incremental funds. Liquidity risk arises
from the possibility that we may be unable to satisfy current or future funding requirements and needs.
The objective of managing liquidity risk is to ensure that our cash flow requirements resulting from depositor, borrower and
other creditor demands as well as our operating cash needs, are met, and that our cost of funding such requirements and needs is
reasonable. We maintain an asset/liability and interest rate risk policy and a liquidity and funds management policy, including a
contingency funding plan that, among other things, include procedures for managing and monitoring liquidity risk. Generally we
rely on deposits, repayments of loans and leases and cash flows from our investment securities as our primary sources of funds.
Our principal deposit sources include consumer, commercial and public funds customers in our markets. We have used these
funds, together with wholesale deposit sources such as brokered deposits, along with Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati
(“FHLB Cincinnati”) advances, federal funds purchased and other sources of short-term and long-term borrowings, to make loans
and leases, acquire investment securities and other assets and to fund continuing operations.
An inability to maintain or raise funds in amounts necessary to meet our liquidity needs could have a substantial negative
effect, individually or collectively, on Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank's liquidity. Our access to funding sources in amounts
adequate to finance our activities, or on terms attractive to us, could be impaired by factors that affect us specifically or the
financial services industry in general. For example, factors that could detrimentally impact our access to liquidity sources include
a decrease in the level of our business activity due to a market downturn or adverse regulatory action against us, a reduction in our
credit rating, any damage to our reputation or any other decrease in depositor or investor confidence in our creditworthiness and
business. Our access to liquidity could also be impaired by factors that are not specific to us, such as severe volatility or
disruption of the financial markets or negative views and expectations about the prospects for the financial services industry as a
whole. Any such event or failure to manage our liquidity effectively could affect our competitive position, increase our borrowing
costs and the interest rates we pay on deposits, limit our access to the capital markets and have a material adverse effect on our
results of operations or financial condition.
Deposit levels may be affected by a number of factors, including rates paid by competitors, general interest rate levels,
returns available to customers on alternative investments, general economic and market conditions and other factors. Loan and
lease repayments are a relatively stable source of funds but are subject to the borrowers’ and lessees’ ability to repay loans and
leases, which can be adversely affected by a number of factors including changes in general economic conditions, adverse trends
or events affecting business industry groups or specific businesses, declines in real estate values or markets, business closings or
lay-offs, inclement weather, natural disasters and other factors. Furthermore, loans and leases generally are not readily convertible
to cash. Accordingly, we may be required from time to time to rely on secondary sources of liquidity to meet growth in loans and
leases, deposit withdrawal demands or otherwise fund operations. Such secondary sources include FHLB Cincinnati advances,
brokered deposits, secured and unsecured federal funds lines of credit from correspondent banks, Federal Reserve borrowings
and/or accessing the equity or debt capital markets.
We anticipate we will continue to rely primarily on deposits, loan and lease repayments, and cash flows from our investment
securities to provide liquidity. Additionally, where necessary, the secondary sources of borrowed funds described above will be
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used to augment our primary funding sources. If we are unable to access any of these secondary funding sources when needed, we
might be unable to meet our customers’ or creditors’ needs, which would adversely affect our financial condition, results of
operations, and liquidity.
We may not be able to successfully integrate BNC’s business or to realize the anticipated benefits of our acquisition of BNC.
We are still in the process of integrating BNC’s business. A successful integration of BNC’s business with ours will depend
substantially on our ability to consolidate operations, corporate cultures, systems and procedures and to eliminate redundancies
and costs. We may not be able to combine our business with BNC’s business without encountering difficulties, such as:
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the loss of key employees;
disruption of operations and business;
inability to maintain and increase competitive presence;
loan and deposit attrition, customer loss and revenue loss, including as a result of any decision we may make to close
one or more locations;
possible inconsistencies in standards, control procedures and policies;
unexpected problems with costs, operations, personnel, technology and credit; and/or
problems with the assimilation of new operations, sites or personnel, which could divert resources from regular banking
operations.
Additionally, general market and economic conditions or governmental actions affecting the financial industry generally may
inhibit our successful integration of BNC’s business.
Further, we acquired BNC with the expectation that the acquisition will result in various benefits including, among other
things, benefits relating to enhanced revenues, a strengthened market position for the combined company, cross selling
opportunities, technological efficiencies, cost savings and operating efficiencies. Achieving the anticipated benefits of this
acquisition is subject to a number of uncertainties, including whether we integrate BNC’s business, including its organizational
culture, operations, technologies, services and products, in an efficient and effective manner, receipt of any required regulatory
approvals or no objection decisions with respect to certain integration actions, our ability to achieve the estimated noninterest
expense savings we believe we can achieve, and general competitive factors in the marketplace. Failure to achieve these
anticipated benefits on the anticipated timeframe, or at all, could result in a reduction in the price of our shares as well as in
increased costs, decreases in the amount of expected revenues and diversion of management’s time and energy and could
materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Additionally, we made fair value
estimates of certain assets and liabilities in recording our acquisition of BNC. Actual values of these assets and liabilities could
differ from our estimates, which could result in our not achieving the anticipated benefits of the acquisition. Finally, any cost
savings that are realized may be offset by losses in revenues or other charges to earnings.
We have incurred significant transaction and merger-related costs in connection with our acquisition of BNC.
We have incurred significant costs associated with combining the operations of BNC with our operations. Additional
unanticipated costs may be incurred in the integration of our business with the business of BNC, including as a result of the
conversion of our technology systems to a single, unified model across all of our geographic regions. Although we expect that the
elimination of duplicative costs, as well as the realization of other efficiencies related to the integration of the businesses, may
offset incremental transaction and merger-related costs over time, this net benefit may not be achieved in the near term, or at all.
Our acquisition of BNC involves risks unlike those we have faced in connection with our other recent acquisitions.
Between January 1, 2015 and our acquisition of BNC, we had acquired three financial institutions with aggregate total assets
of approximately $2.92 billion as of the respective dates we consummated those acquisitions. BNC’s total assets as of March 31,
2017 were approximately $7.58 billion, reflecting assets significantly in excess of the aggregate total assets of all of the other
financial institutions we have acquired since January 1, 2015. For the merger to be successful, we will need to, among other
things, successfully export our business strategies to the new markets in which BNC operates and effectively manage a combined
company that is over 50% larger than our pre-acquisition size, measured by total assets. Moreover, all of our acquisitions to date
other than the BNC acquisition have been of financial institutions headquartered in Tennessee with significant operations in
markets with which we were familiar. At the closing of the merger, BNC operated 76 banking offices across three states in many
markets that are unfamiliar to us. We will rely heavily on BNC’s existing personnel (as well as employees hired following the
closing) to grow loan and deposit balances in those markets and if we are unable to retain BNC’s key employees our results of
operations may be materially and adversely affected. We have also announced a significant five-year hiring initiative targeted at
revenue producers in BNC’s legacy markets. If we are unable to successfully recruit and hire qualified revenue producers at our
targeted goal, we may be unable to grow loans and deposits in those markets at the pace we have targeted, which could result in a
material and adverse impact on our results of operations.
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In addition, BNC’s loan portfolio was made up of a greater percentage of commercial real estate loans than we had in our
portfolio and BNC was more dependent on noncore funding than we were prior to the merger. Our regulators will be closely
monitoring the levels of commercial real estate loans in our portfolio and, if we are unable to originate a significant amount of
loans in other segments of our portfolio or increase our capital levels in amounts sufficient to keep our concentration of these
commercial real estate loans near or below regulatory guidelines, our ability to continue to aggressively grow our balance sheet
may be negatively affected and our results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, if we are not able
to increase the amount of core funding in our markets, particularly in lower cost deposits, our net interest margin and liquidity
may be adversely affected which could result in a material and adverse impact on our results of operations.
We may face risks with respect to future acquisitions.
When we attempt to expand our business through mergers and acquisitions (as we have aggressively done over the last three
years), we seek targets that are culturally similar to us, have experienced management and possess either significant market
presence or have potential for improved profitability through economies of scale or expanded services. In addition to the general
risks associated with our growth plans which are highlighted above, in general acquiring other banks, businesses or branches,
particularly those in markets with which we are less familiar, involves various risks commonly associated with acquisitions,
including, among other things:
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the time and costs associated with identifying and evaluating potential acquisition and merger targets;
inaccuracies in the estimates and judgments used to evaluate credit, operations, management and market risks with
respect to the target institution;
the time and costs of evaluating new markets, hiring experienced local management, including as a result of de novo
expansion into a market, and opening new bank locations, and the time lags between these activities and the generation
of sufficient assets and deposits to support the significant costs of the expansion that we may incur, particularly in the
first 12 to 24 months of operations;
our ability to finance an acquisition and possible dilution to our existing shareholders;
the diversion of our management’s attention to the negotiation of a transaction and integration of an acquired company’s
operations with ours;
the incurrence of an impairment of goodwill associated with an acquisition and adverse effects on our results of
operations;
entry into new markets where we have limited or no direct prior experience;
closing delays and increased expenses related to the resolution of lawsuits filed by our shareholders or shareholders of
companies we may seek to acquire;
the inability to receive regulatory approvals timely or at all, including as a result of community objections, or such
approvals being restrictively conditional; and
risks associated with integrating the operations, technologies and personnel of the acquired business.
We expect to continue to evaluate merger and acquisition opportunities that are presented to us in our current markets as well
as other markets throughout the southeastern portion of the United States and conduct due diligence activities related to possible
transactions with other financial institutions. As a result, merger or acquisition discussions and, in some cases, negotiations may
take place and future mergers or acquisitions involving cash, debt or equity securities and related capital raising transactions may
occur at any time. Generally, acquisitions of financial institutions involve the payment of a premium over book and market
values, and, therefore, some dilution of our book value and fully diluted earnings per share may occur in connection with any
future transaction. Failure to realize the expected revenue increases, cost savings, increases in product presence and/or other
projected benefits from an acquisition could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
In addition, we may face significant competition from numerous other financial services institutions, many of which may
have greater financial resources than we do, when considering acquisition opportunities, particularly in our targeted high-growth
markets located outside of Tennessee. Accordingly, attractive acquisition opportunities may not be available to us. There can be
no assurance that we will be successful in identifying or completing any potential future acquisitions.
The performance of our investment securities portfolio is subject to fluctuation due to changes in interest rates and market
conditions, including credit deterioration of the issuers of individual securities.
Changes in interest rates can negatively affect the performance of most of our investment securities. Interest rate volatility
can reduce unrealized gains or increase unrealized losses in our portfolio. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors
including monetary policies, domestic and international economic and political issues, and other factors beyond our control.
Fluctuations in interest rates can materially affect both the returns on and market value of our investment securities. Additionally,
actual investment income and cash flows from investment securities that carry prepayment risk, such as mortgage-backed
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securities and callable securities, may materially differ from those anticipated at the time of investment or subsequently as a result
of changes in interest rates and market conditions.
Our investment securities portfolio consists of several securities whose trading markets are “not active.” As a result, we
utilize alternative methodologies for pricing these securities that include various estimates and assumptions. There can be no
assurance that we can sell these investment securities at the price derived by these methodologies, or that we can sell these
investment securities at all, which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.
We monitor the financial position of the various issues of investment securities in our portfolio, including each of the state
and local governments and other political subdivisions where we have exposure. To the extent we have securities in our portfolio
from issuers who have experienced a deterioration of financial condition, or who may experience future deterioration of financial
condition, the value of such securities may decline and could result in an other-than-temporary impairment charge, which could
have an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.
Implementation of the various provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act may increase our operating costs or otherwise have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
On July 21, 2010, former President Obama signed the Dodd-Frank Act. This landmark legislation includes, among other
things, (i) the creation of a Financial Services Oversight Counsel to identify emerging systemic risks and improve interagency
cooperation; (ii) the elimination of the Office of Thrift Supervision and the transfer of oversight of federally chartered thrift
institutions and their holding companies to the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and the Federal Reserve; (iii) the
creation of a Consumer Financial Protection Agency authorized to promulgate and enforce consumer protection regulations
relating to financial products that would affect banks and non-bank finance companies; (iv) the establishment of new capital and
prudential standards for banks and bank holding companies; (v) enhanced regulation of financial markets, including the
derivatives, securitization and mortgage origination markets; (vi) the elimination of certain proprietary trading and private equity
investment activities by banks and bank holding companies; (vii) the elimination of barriers to de novo interstate branching by
banks; (viii) a permanent increase of FDIC deposit insurance to $250,000; (ix) the authorization of interest-bearing transaction
accounts; and (x) changes in how the FDIC deposit insurance assessments are calculated and an increase in the minimum
designated reserve ratio for the Deposit Insurance Fund.
Certain provisions of the legislation were not immediately effective or are subject to required studies and implementing
regulations. Further, community banks with less than $10 billion in assets are exempt from certain provisions of the legislation.
We exceeded $10 billion in assets upon the consummation of the Avenue merger, causing us to become subject to these additional
regulations, and, as described below, our results of operations may be materially impacted by the additional costs to comply with
these additional regulations as well as the higher costs associated with increased deposit insurance premiums.
The Dodd-Frank Act and its implementing regulations impose various additional requirements on bank holding companies
with $10 billion or more in total assets, including compliance with portions of the Federal Reserve’s enhanced prudential
oversight requirements and annual stress testing requirements. In addition, banks with $10 billion or more in total assets are
primarily examined by the CFPB with respect to various federal consumer financial protection laws and regulations. Previously,
Pinnacle Bank was subject to regulations adopted by the CFPB, but the FDIC was primarily responsible for examining our
compliance with consumer protection laws and those CFPB regulations. As a relatively new agency with evolving regulations and
practices, there is uncertainty as to how the CFPB’s examination and regulatory authority might impact our business.
Since our total assets exceed $10 billion, we and our bank subsidiary are required, under the Dodd-Frank Act, to submit
annually a stress test to our federal regulators that projects our performance in various economic scenarios provided by the
regulators. We are required to submit our first stress test in the third quarter of 2018. The Dodd-Frank Act stress tests are forward-
looking exercises conducted by our regulators to help ensure institutions have sufficient capital to absorb losses and support
operations during adverse economic conditions. In performing these stress tests, we will be required to make certain assumptions
in modeling future performance and must support these assumptions through statistical analysis and observed market behavior
where applicable. The outcome of our regulators' analysis of our and our bank subsidary's projected performance (to include
capital, earnings, and balance sheet changes) will be used in supervision of us and our bank subsidiary and will assist our
regulators in assessing our and Pinnacle Bank's risk profile and capital adequacy. The results of any stress test that we and our
bank subsidiary perform could hinder our or the bank's subsidiary's ability to pay quarterly cash dividends to shareholders as has
been our practice, and could also impact decisions made by the Federal Reserve and other bank regulators regarding future
acquisitions or investments by us or Pinnacle Bank. Compliance with the annual stress testing requirements, part of which must
be publicly disclosed, may also adversely affect our stock price or our ability to retain our customers or effectively compete for
new business opportunities.
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In addition, beginning on July 1, 2017 we became subject to the Durbin Amendment promulgated under the Dodd-Frank Act.
Under the Durbin Amendment, interchange fees for debit card transactions are capped at $0.21 plus five basis points (plus $0.01
for fraud loss). This limitation on interchange fees has adversely impacted our results of operations and will continue to do so.
Ongoing compliance with these additional requirements may result in further increased regulatory compliance costs, fee
reductions and restrictions on activities in which we may have otherwise engaged, any of which could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Moreover, our failure to comply with these or other regulations
could result in regulatory enforcement actions against us or make it more difficult to receive any required regulatory approvals
necessary to execute on our growth strategy, each of which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations,
business or financial condition.
Although many of the regulations implementing portions of the Dodd-Frank Act have been promulgated, we are still unable
to predict how this significant legislation may be interpreted and enforced or the full extent to which implementing regulations
and supervisory policies may affect us. There can be no assurance that these or future reforms will not significantly increase our
compliance or operating costs or otherwise have a significant impact on our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
President Donald Trump and the Congressional majority have indicated that the Dodd-Frank Act will be under further
scrutiny and some of the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act and rules promulgated thereunder may be revised, repealed or
amended, including as is proposed in legislation which has been approved by either the House of Representatives or the Senate.
We cannot predict whether or in what form any proposed regulation or statute will be adopted, if at all, or the extent to which our
business may be affected by any new regulation or statute. Even if modifications are enacted to existing or proposed regulations,
including as proposed in such legislation, we may continue to face enhanced scrutiny from our regulators who may expect us to
continue to comply with the current, more stringent requirements as part of their safety and soundness and compliance
examinations and general oversight of our operations.
Our capital stress testing processes rely on analytical and forecasting models that may prove to be inadequate or inaccurate,
which could adversely affect the effectiveness of our strategic planning and our ability to pursue certain corporate goals.
As discussed above, we and our bank subsidiary are required to perform annual capital stress tests under the Dodd-Frank Act.
The results of our capital stress tests may require us and our bank subsidiary to increase our regulatory capital, raise additional
capital or take or decline to take certain other capital-related actions under certain circumstances. Our stress testing processes also
rely on our use of analytical and forecasting models. These models reflect assumptions that may not be accurate, particularly in
times of market stress or other unforeseen circumstances. Furthermore, even if our assumptions are accurate predictors of future
performance, the models they are based on may prove to be inadequate or inaccurate because of other flaws in their design or
implementation. Also, the assumptions we utilize for our stress tests may not be met with regulatory approval, which could result
in our stress tests receiving a failing grade. In addition to adversely affecting our reputation, failing our stress tests would likely
preclude or delay the possibility of our growth through acquisition, and would limit our ability to pay any cash dividends.
Negative developments in the U.S. and local economy may adversely impact our results in the future.
Economic conditions in the markets in which we operate deteriorated significantly between early 2008 and the middle of
2010. These challenges manifested themselves primarily in the form of increased levels of provisions for loan losses and other
real estate expense related to declining collateral values in our real estate loan portfolio and increased costs associated with our
portfolio of other real estate owned. Although economic conditions have strengthened in most of our markets in the more recent
periods and we have refocused our efforts on growing our earning assets, we believe that we will continue to experience an
uncertain economic environment during 2018. Accordingly, we expect that our results of operations could be negatively impacted
by economic conditions, including reduced loan demand. There can be no assurance that the economic conditions that have
adversely affected the financial services industry, and the capital, credit and real estate markets, generally, or us in particular, will
improve materially, or at all, in the near future, or thereafter, in which case we could experience reduced earnings or again
experience significant losses and write-downs of assets, and could face capital and liquidity constraints or other business
challenges.
Our ability to grow our loan portfolio may be limited by, among other things, economic conditions, competition within our
market areas, the timing of loan repayments and seasonality.
Our ability to continue to improve our results of operations is dependent upon, among other things, aggressively growing our
loan portfolio. While we believe that our strategy to grow our loan portfolio is sound and our growth targets are achievable over
an extended period of time, competition within our market areas is significant, particularly for borrowers whose businesses have
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been less negatively impacted by the challenging economic conditions of the last few years. We compete with both large regional
and national financial institutions, who are sometimes able to offer more attractive interest rates and other financial terms than we
choose to offer, and smaller community-based financial institutions who seek to offer a similar level of service to that which we
offer. This competition can make loan growth challenging, particularly if we are unwilling to price loans at levels that would
cause unacceptable levels of compression of our net interest margin or if we are unwilling to structure a loan in a manner that we
believe results in a level of risk to us that we are not willing to accept. Moreover, loan growth throughout the year can fluctuate
due in part to seasonality of the businesses of our borrowers and potential borrowers and the timing on loan repayments,
particularly those of our borrowers with significant relationships with us, resulting from, among other things, excess levels of
liquidity. In addition, the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which contains provisions limiting the mortgage interest tax
deduction and eliminating the deduction for interest paid on home equity loans, may negatively affect our ability to originate
residential real estate loans (including home equity lines of credit).
Our investment in BHG may not produce the contribution to our results of operations that we expect.
Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank collectively hold a 49% interest in BHG. While we have a significant stake in BHG,
are entitled to designate two members of BHG’s five person board of managers and in some instances have protective rights to
block BHG from engaging in certain activities, including, until March 1, 2020, a sale of BHG (following March 1, 2020, the other
managers can approve a sale of BHG without our consent), the other managers and members of BHG may make most decisions
regarding BHG’s operations without our consent or approval. Any sale of all or a portion of our interest in BHG would adversely
affect our recurring noninterest income. Moreover, there are certain limitations on our ability to sell our interest in BHG without
first offering BHG and the other members a right of first refusal, and we are prohibited from transferring any portion of our
interest without the consent of the other members of BHG prior to March 1, 2021, other than transfers in connection with an
acquisition of Pinnacle Financial or Pinnacle Bank or as a result of a change in applicable law that forces us and/or Pinnacle Bank
to divest our or Pinnacle Bank’s ownership interests in BHG.
A significant portion of BHG’s revenue (and correspondingly our interest in any of BHG’s net profits) comes from the sale of
loans originated by BHG to community banks. Moreover, the aggregate purchase price we paid to acquire our interest in BHG
was based on our expectation that BHG will continue to grow its business and increase the amount of loans that it is able to
originate and sell. In the event that BHG’s loan growth slows over historical levels or its loan sales decrease (including but not
limited to as a result of regulatory restrictions on banks that are the principal purchasers of BHG’s loans), its results of operations
and our non-interest income would be adversely affected. BHG currently operates in most states without the need for a permit or
any other license. In the event that BHG was required to register or become licensed in any state in which it operates, or
regulations are adopted that seek to limit BHG’s ability to operate in any jurisdiction or that seek to limit the amounts of interest
that BHG can charge on its loans, BHG’s results of operations (and our and Pinnacle Bank’s interest in BHG’s net profits) could
be materially and adversely affected.
BHG’s business may become subject to increased scrutiny by the FDIC or the Federal Reserve as it grows or as a result of
our investment. The FDIC has published guidance related to the operation of marketplace lenders and banks’ business
relationships with such lenders and other third parties in which banks are required to exercise increased oversight and ongoing
monitoring and other responsibility for such third parties’ compliance with applicable regulatory guidance and requirements. As a
result, we are subject to enhanced responsibility for and risk related to BHG and our relationship with it. BHG’s compliance costs
may increase and its loan yields may be negatively impacted, which would negatively impact its results of operations and our and
Pinnacle Bank’s interest in BHG’s net profits. If banks that are examined by the FDIC became restricted in their ability to buy
loans originated by BHG, BHG’s business would be negatively impacted, which would negatively impact our interest in BHG’s
profits.
Changes to capital requirements for bank holding companies and depository institutions that became effective January 1,
2015 and continue to be phased in may negatively impact Pinnacle Financial’s and Pinnacle Bank’s results of operations.
In July 2013, the Federal Reserve and the FDIC approved final rules that substantially amended the regulatory risk-based
capital rules applicable to Pinnacle Bank and Pinnacle Financial. The final rules, which became effective on January 1, 2015,
implement the Basel III regulatory capital reforms and changes required by the Dodd-Frank Act.
Under these rules, the leverage and risk-based capital ratios of bank holding companies may not be lower than the leverage
and risk-based capital ratios for insured depository institutions. The final rules include new minimum risk-based capital and
leverage ratios. Moreover, these rules refine the definition of what constitutes “capital” for purposes of calculating those ratios,
including the definitions of Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital. The minimum capital level requirements now applicable to bank
holding companies and banks subject to the rules are: (i) a common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 4.5%; (ii) a Tier 1
risk-based capital ratio of 6%; (iii) a total risk-based capital ratio of 8%; and (iv) a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4% for all institutions.
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The rules also establish a “capital conservation buffer” of 2.5% (being phased in over three years beginning January 1, 2016)
above the new regulatory minimum risk-based capital ratios, and result in the following minimum ratios once the capital
conservation buffer is fully phased in: (i) a common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 7%, (ii) a Tier 1 risk-based capital
ratio of 8.5%, and (iii) a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.5%. The phase-in of the capital conservation buffer requirement
commenced in January 2016 at 0.625% of risk-weighted assets and increases each year until fully implemented in January 2019.
We will be subject to limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases and paying discretionary bonuses if our
capital levels fall below these minimums plus the buffer amounts. These limitations establish a maximum percentage of eligible
retained income that could be utilized for such actions.
Under these rules, Tier 1 capital generally consists of common stock (plus related surplus) and retained earnings, limited
amounts of minority interest in the form of additional Tier 1 capital instruments, and non-cumulative preferred stock and related
surplus, subject to certain eligibility standards, less goodwill and other specified intangible assets and other regulatory deductions.
Common equity Tier 1 capital generally consists of common stock (plus related surplus) and retained earnings plus limited
amounts of minority interest in the form of common stock, less goodwill and other specified intangible assets and other regulatory
deductions. Tier 2 capital generally consists of subordinated debt, other preferred stock, and a limited amount of loan loss
reserves. The total amount of Tier 2 capital is limited to 100% of Tier 1 capital. Cumulative preferred stock and trust preferred
securities issued after May 19, 2010, no longer qualify as Tier 1 capital, but such securities issued prior to May 19, 2010,
including in the case of bank holding companies with less than $15.0 billion in total assets at that date, trust preferred securities
issued prior to that date, continue to count as Tier 1 capital subject to certain limitations. Since our total assets exceeded $15.0
billion following our merger with BNC, the subordinated debentures we, and companies we have acquired, issued in connection
with prior trust preferred securities offerings no longer qualify as Tier 1 capital under applicable banking regulations. Though
these trust preferred securities no longer qualify as Tier 1 capital, we believe they continue to qualify as Tier 2 capital, subject to
applicable limitations. We may need to increase the level of Tier 1 capital we maintain through issuance of common stock or
noncumulative perpetual preferred stock, which could cause dilution to our existing common shareholders.
The final rules allow banks and their holding companies with less than $250 billion in assets a one-time opportunity to opt-
out of a requirement to include unrealized gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income in their capital
calculation. Both Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank opted-out of this requirement.
The application of more stringent capital requirements for Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank, like those adopted to
implement the Basel III reforms, could, among other things, result in lower returns on invested capital, require the raising of
additional capital, particularly in the form of common stock, make it more difficult for us to receive regulatory approvals related
to our growth initiatives and result in regulatory actions if we were to be unable to comply with such requirements. Furthermore,
the imposition of liquidity requirements in connection with the implementation of Basel III either because we became subject to
those requirements directly or because our regulators seek to propose additional on-balance sheet liquidity requirements on us,
could result in our having to lengthen the term of our funding, restructure our business models and/or increase our holdings of
liquid assets, which could adversely impact our results of operations.
Implementation of changes to asset risk weightings for risk based capital calculations, items included or deducted in
calculating regulatory capital and/or additional capital conservation buffers could result in management modifying its business
strategy and could limit our ability to make distributions, including paying dividends or buying back shares.
Our ability to maintain required capital levels and adequate sources of funding and liquidity could be impacted by changes in
the capital markets and deteriorating economic and market conditions.
Federal and state bank regulators require Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank to maintain adequate levels of capital to
support operations. At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial’s and Pinnacle Bank’s regulatory capital ratios were at “well-
capitalized” levels under regulatory guidelines. However, as described above, our business strategy calls for continued growth in
our existing banking markets and targeted expansion in new markets. Growth in assets at rates in excess of the rate at which our
capital is increased through retained earnings will reduce our capital ratios unless we continue to increase capital. Failure by us to
meet applicable capital guidelines or to satisfy certain other regulatory requirements could subject us to a variety of enforcement
remedies available to the federal regulatory authorities and would negatively impact our ability to pursue acquisitions or other
expansion opportunities.
We may need to raise additional capital (including through the issuance of common stock) in the future to provide us with
sufficient capital resources and liquidity to meet our commitments and business needs or in connection with acquisitions. Our
ability to maintain capital levels, sources of funding and liquidity could be impacted by negative perceptions of our business or
prospects, changes in the capital markets and deteriorating economic and market conditions. Pinnacle Bank is required to obtain
regulatory approval in order to pay dividends to Pinnacle Financial unless the amount of such dividends does not exceed its net
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income for that calendar year plus retained net income for the preceding two years. Any restriction on the ability of Pinnacle Bank
to pay dividends to Pinnacle Financial could impact Pinnacle Financial’s ability to continue to pay dividends on its common stock
or its ability to pay interest on its indebtedness.
We cannot assure you that access to capital will be available to us on acceptable terms or at all. Any occurrence that may
limit our access to the capital markets may materially and adversely affect our capital costs and our ability to raise capital and/or
debt and, in turn, our liquidity. If we cannot raise additional capital when needed, our ability to expand through internal growth or
acquisitions or to continue operations could be impaired.
Certain of our deposits and other funding sources may be volatile and impact our liquidity.
In addition to the traditional core deposits, such as demand deposit accounts, interest checking, money market savings and
certificates of deposits less than $250,000, we utilize or in the past have utilized several noncore funding sources, such as
brokered certificates of deposit, FHLB Cincinnati advances, federal funds purchased and other sources. Our reliance on noncore
funding sources has increased as a result of the BNC merger, and it is likely to remain at elevated levels as we integrate BNC.
We utilize these noncore funding sources to fund the ongoing operations and growth of Pinnacle Bank. The availability of
these noncore funding sources is subject to broad economic conditions, in some instances regulation, and to investor assessment
of our financial strength and, as such, the cost of funds may fluctuate significantly and/or the availability of such funds may be
restricted, thus impacting our net interest income, our immediate liquidity and/or our access to additional liquidity. We have
somewhat similar risks to the extent high balance core deposits exceed the amount of deposit insurance coverage available.
We impose certain internal limits as to the absolute level of noncore funding we will incur at any point in time. Should we
exceed those limitations, we may need to modify our growth plans, liquidate certain assets, participate loans to correspondents or
execute other actions to allow for us to return to an acceptable level of noncore funding within a reasonable amount of time, any
one of which actions could adversely affect our results of operations.
An ineffective risk management framework could have a material adverse effect on our strategic planning and our ability to
mitigate risks and/or losses and could have adverse regulatory consequences.
We have implemented a risk management framework to identify and manage our risk exposure. This framework is comprised
of various processes, systems and strategies, and is designed to manage the types of risk to which we are subject, including,
among others, credit, market, liquidity, operational, capital, compliance, strategic and, reputational risks. Our framework also
includes financial, analytical, forecasting, or other modeling methodologies, which involves management assumptions and
judgment. In addition, our board of directors, in consultation with management, has adopted a risk appetite statement, which sets
forth certain thresholds and limits to govern our overall risk profile. However, there is no assurance that our risk management
framework, including the risk metrics under our risk appetite statement, will be effective under all circumstances or that it will
adequately identify, manage or mitigate any risk or loss to us. If our risk management framework is not effective, we could suffer
unexpected losses and become subject to regulatory consequences, as a result of which our business, financial condition, results
of operations or prospects could be materially adversely affected.
We are dependent on our information technology and telecommunications systems and third-party servicers, and systems
failures, interruptions or breaches of security could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of
operations.
Our operations rely on the secure processing, storage and transmission of confidential and other information in our computer
systems and networks. Although we take protective measures and endeavor to modify these systems as circumstances warrant, the
security of our computer systems, software and networks may be vulnerable to breaches, unauthorized access, misuse, computer
viruses or other malicious code and other events that could have a security impact. We provide our customers the ability to bank
remotely, including over the Internet or through their mobile device. The secure transmission of confidential information is a
critical element of remote and mobile banking. Our network, and the systems of parties with whom we contract, could be
vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer viruses, phishing schemes, spam attacks, human error, natural disasters, power loss
and other security breaches. We may be required to spend significant capital and other resources to protect against the threat of
security breaches and computer viruses, or to alleviate problems caused by security breaches or viruses. To the extent that our
activities or the activities of our customers involve the storage and transmission of confidential information, security breaches
(including breaches of security of customer systems and networks) and viruses could expose us to claims, litigation and other
possible liabilities. Any inability to prevent security breaches or computer viruses could also cause existing customers to lose
confidence in our systems and could adversely affect our reputation, results of operations and ability to attract and maintain
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customers and businesses. In addition, a security breach could also subject us to additional regulatory scrutiny, expose us to civil
litigation and possible financial liability and cause reputational damage.
In addition, we outsource many of our major systems, such as data processing, loan servicing and deposit processing systems.
The failure of these systems, or the termination of a third-party software license or service agreement on which any of these
systems is based, could interrupt our operations. Because our information technology and telecommunications systems interface
with and depend on third-party systems, we could experience service denials if demand for such services exceeds capacity or such
third-party systems fail or experience interruptions. If sustained or repeated, a system failure or service denial could result in a
deterioration of our ability to process new and renewal loans, gather deposits and provide customer service, compromise our
ability to operate effectively, damage our reputation, result in a loss of customer business and/or subject us to additional
regulatory scrutiny and possible financial liability, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition
and results of operations.
In connection with our acquisition of BNC, we converted our core processing system in our Tennessee legacy markets to that
of BNC. Any complications from the conversion could cause us to experience increased costs as we manage through those
complications or divert management’s and our associates’ attention from executing on our growth strategy. Moreover, such
complications could negatively impact the experiences or satisfaction of our customers, which could cause those customers to
terminate their relationship with us or reduce the amount of business that they do with us, either of which could adversely affect
our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Environmental liability associated with commercial lending could result in losses.
In the course of business, Pinnacle Bank may acquire, through foreclosure, or deed in lieu of foreclosure, properties securing
loans it has originated or purchased which are in default. Particularly in commercial real estate lending, there is a risk that
hazardous substances could be discovered on these properties. In this event, we, or Pinnacle Bank, might be required to remove
these substances from the affected properties at our sole cost and expense. The cost of this removal could substantially exceed the
value of affected properties. We may not have adequate remedies against the prior owner or other responsible parties and could
find it difficult or impossible to sell the affected properties. These events could have a material adverse effect on our business,
results of operations and financial condition.
National or state legislation or regulation may increase our expenses and reduce earnings.
Bank regulators are increasing regulatory scrutiny, and additional restrictions (including those originating from the Dodd-
Frank Act) on financial institutions have been proposed or adopted by regulators and by Congress. Changes in tax law, federal
legislation, regulation or policies, such as bankruptcy laws, deposit insurance, consumer protection laws, and capital
requirements, among others, can result in significant increases in our expenses and/or charge-offs, which may adversely affect our
results of operations and financial condition. Changes in state or federal tax laws or regulations can have a similar impact. State
and municipal governments, including the State of Tennessee, could seek to increase their tax revenues through increased tax
levies which could have a meaningful impact on our results of operations. Furthermore, financial institution regulatory agencies
are expected to continue to be aggressive in responding to concerns and trends identified in examinations, including the continued
issuance of additional formal or informal enforcement or supervisory actions. These actions, whether formal or informal, could
result in our agreeing to limitations or to take actions that limit our operational flexibility, restrict our growth or increase our
capital or liquidity levels. Failure to comply with any formal or informal regulatory restrictions, including informal supervisory
actions, could lead to further regulatory enforcement actions. Negative developments in the financial services industry and the
impact of recently enacted or new legislation in response to those developments could negatively impact our operations by
restricting our business operations, including our ability to originate or sell loans, and adversely impact our financial
performance. In addition, industry, legislative or regulatory developments may cause us to materially change our existing strategic
direction, capital strategies, compensation or operating plans.
Our business reputation and relationships are important and any damage to them could have a material adverse effect on our
business.
Our reputation is very important in sustaining our business and we rely on our relationships with our current, former and
potential clients and shareholders and other actors in the industries that we serve. Any damage to our reputation, whether arising
from regulatory, supervisory or enforcement actions, matters affecting our financial reporting or compliance with SEC and
exchange listing requirements, negative publicity, the way in which we conduct our business or otherwise could strain our
existing relationships and make it difficult for us to develop new relationships. Any such damage to our reputation and
relationships could in turn lead to a material adverse effect on our business.
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A decline in our stock price or expected future cash flows, or a material adverse change in our results of operations or
prospects, could result in impairment of our goodwill.
A significant and sustained decline in our stock price and market capitalization below book value, a significant decline in our
expected future cash flows, a significant adverse change in the business climate, slower growth rates or other factors could result
in impairment of our goodwill. At December 31, 2017, our goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets totaled approximately
$1.9 billion. If we were to conclude that a write-down of our goodwill is necessary, then the appropriate charge would likely
cause a material loss. Any significant loss would further adversely impact the capacity of Pinnacle Bank to pay dividends to us
without seeking prior regulatory approval, which could adversely affect our ability to pay required interest payments on our
outstanding indebtedness.
Competition with other banking institutions could adversely affect our profitability.
A number of banking institutions in our geographic markets have higher lending limits, more banking offices, and a larger
market share of loans or deposits than we do. In addition, our asset management division competes with numerous brokerage
firms and mutual fund companies which are also much larger. In some respects, this may place these competitors in a competitive
advantage. This competition may limit or reduce our profitability (including as a result of compression to our net interest margin),
reduce our growth and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
Inability to retain senior management and key employees or to attract new experienced financial services professionals could
impair our relationship with our customers, reduce growth and adversely affect our business.
We have assembled a senior management team which has substantial background and experience in banking and financial
services in our markets. Moreover, much of our organic loan growth in 2012 through 2017 (like the growth that we are seeking
going forward) was the result of our ability to attract experienced financial services professionals who have been able to attract
customers from other financial institutions. We anticipate deploying a similar hiring strategy in the Carolinas and Virginia.
Inability to retain these key personnel (including key personnel of the businesses we have acquired) or to continue to attract
experienced lenders (including, in either case, as a result of competitive compensation and other hiring and retention pressures
resulting from the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act) with established books of business could negatively impact our growth
because of the loss of these individuals’ skills and customer relationships and/or the potential difficulty of promptly replacing
them. Moreover, the higher costs we have to pay to hire and retain these experienced individuals could cause our noninterest
expense levels to rise and negatively impact our results of operations.
We are subject to certain litigation, and our expenses related to this litigation may adversely affect our results.
We are from time to time subject to certain litigation in the ordinary course of our business. As we have aggressively hired
new revenue producing associates over the last five years we, and the associates we have hired, have also periodically been the
subject of litigation and threatened litigation with these associates’ former employers. We may also be subject to claims related to
our loan servicing programs, particularly those involving servicing of commercial real estate loans. These and other claims and
legal actions, as well as supervisory and enforcement actions by our regulators, including the CFPB or other regulatory agencies
with which we deal, including those with oversight of our loan servicing programs, could involve large monetary claims, capital
directives, agreements with federal regulators, cease and desist orders and significant defense costs. The outcome of any such
cases or actions is uncertain. Substantial legal liability or significant regulatory action against us could have material adverse
financial effects or cause significant reputational harm to us, which in turn could seriously harm our business prospects.
Our business is dependent on technology, and an inability to invest in technological improvements may adversely affect our
results of operations and financial condition.
The financial services industry is undergoing rapid technological changes with frequent introductions of new technology-
driven products and services. In addition to better serving customers, the effective use of technology increases efficiency and
enables financial institutions to reduce costs. We have made significant investments in data processing, management information
systems and internet banking accessibility. Our future success will depend in part upon our ability to create additional efficiencies
in our operations through the use of technology. Many of our competitors have substantially greater resources to invest in
technological improvements. We cannot make assurances that our technological improvements will increase our operational
efficiency or that we will be able to effectively implement new technology-driven products and services or be successful in
marketing these products and services to our customers.
31
We are subject to various statutes and regulations that may impose additional costs or limit our ability to take certain actions.
We operate in a highly regulated industry and are subject to examination, supervision, and comprehensive regulation by
various regulatory agencies. Our compliance with these regulations is costly and restricts certain of our activities, including
payment of dividends, mergers and acquisitions, investments, loans and interest rates charged on loans, interest rates paid on
deposits and locations of offices. We are also subject to capital requirements established by our regulators, which require us to
maintain specified levels of capital. It is possible that our FDIC assessments may increase in the future. Any future assessment
increases could negatively impact our results of operations. Significant changes in laws and regulations applicable to the banking
industry have been recently adopted and others are being considered in Congress. We cannot predict the effects of these changes
on our business and profitability. Because government regulation greatly affects the business and financial results of commercial
banks and bank holding companies, our cost of compliance could adversely affect our ability to operate profitably.
Our accounting estimates and risk management processes rely on analytical and forecasting models and tools.
The processes we use to estimate probable credit losses and to measure the fair value of financial instruments, as well as the
processes used to estimate the effects of changing interest rates and other measures of our financial condition and results of
operations, depend upon the use of analytical and forecasting models and tools. These models and tools reflect assumptions that
may not be accurate, particularly in times of market stress or other unforeseen circumstances. Even if these assumptions are
accurate, the models and tools may prove to be inadequate or inaccurate because of other flaws in their design or their
implementation. Any such failure in our analytical or forecasting models and tools could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial condition and results of operations.
The soundness of other financial institutions could adversely affect us.
Our ability to engage in routine funding transactions could be adversely affected by the actions and financial stability of other
financial institutions. Financial services institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty or other
relationships. We have exposure to various counterparties, including brokers and dealers, commercial and correspondent banks,
and others. As a result, defaults by, or rumors or questions about, one or more financial services institutions, or the financial
services industry generally, may result in market-wide liquidity problems and could lead to losses or defaults by such other
institutions. Such occurrences could expose us to credit risk in the event of default of one or more counterparties and could have a
material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and liquidity.
We depend on the accuracy and completeness of information about customers.
In deciding whether to extend credit or enter into certain transactions, we rely on information furnished by or on behalf of
customers, including financial statements, credit reports, tax returns and other financial information. We may also rely on
representations of those customers or other third parties, such as independent auditors, as to the accuracy and completeness of that
information. Reliance on inaccurate or misleading financial statements, credit reports, tax returns or other financial information
could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may be subject to claims and litigation asserting lender liability.
From time to time, and particularly during periods of economic stress, customers, including real estate developers and
consumer borrowers, may make claims or otherwise take legal action pertaining to performance of our responsibilities. These
claims are often referred to as “lender liability” claims and are sometimes brought in an effort to produce or increase leverage
against us in workout negotiations or debt collection proceedings. Lender liability claims frequently assert one or more of the
following allegations: breach of fiduciary duties, fraud, economic duress, breach of contract, breach of the implied covenant of
good faith and fair dealing, and similar claims. Whether customer claims and legal action related to the performance of our
responsibilities are founded or unfounded, if such claims and legal actions are not resolved in a favorable manner, they may result
in significant financial liability and/or adversely affect our market reputation, products and services, as well as potentially
affecting customer demand for those products and services. Any financial liability or reputation damage could have a material
adverse effect on our business, which, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of
operations and liquidity.
32
Natural disasters may adversely affect us.
Our operations and customer base are located in markets where natural disasters, including tornadoes, severe storms, fires,
floods, hurricanes and earthquakes often occur. Such natural disasters could significantly impact the local population and
economies and our business, and could pose physical risks to our properties. Although our banking offices are geographically
dispersed throughout portions of the southeastern United States and we maintain insurance coverages for such events, a
significant natural disaster in or near one or more of our markets could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition,
results of operations or liquidity.
The price of our common stock may be volatile or may decline.
The trading price of our common stock may fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, many of which are outside our
control. In addition, the stock market is subject to fluctuations in trading volumes that affect the market prices of the shares of
many companies. These broad market fluctuations could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Among the
factors that could affect our stock price are:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
actual or anticipated quarterly fluctuations in our results of operations and financial condition;
changes in revenue or earnings estimates or publication of research reports and recommendations by financial analysts;
failure to meet analysts’ revenue or earnings estimates;
speculation in the press or investment community;
strategic actions by us or our competitors;
actions by institutional shareholders;
fluctuations in the stock price and operating results of our competitors;
general market conditions and, in particular, developments related to market conditions for the financial services
industry;
• market perceptions about the innovation economy, including levels of funding or "exit" activities of companies in the
industries we serve;
proposed or adopted regulatory changes or developments;
anticipated or pending investigations, proceedings or litigation that involve or affect us; and
domestic and international economic factors unrelated to our performance.
•
•
•
The trading price of the shares of our common stock and the value of our other securities will further depend on many factors,
which may change from time to time, including, without limitation, our financial condition, performance, creditworthiness and
prospects, and future sales of our equity or equity-related securities. In some cases, the markets have produced downward
pressure on stock prices and credit availability for certain issuers without regard to those issuers’ underlying financial strength. A
significant decline in our stock price could result in substantial losses for individual shareholders and could lead to costly and
disruptive securities litigation, as well as the loss of key employees.
Our ability to declare and pay dividends is limited.
While our board of directors has approved the payment of a quarterly cash dividend on our common stock since the fourth
quarter of 2013, there can be no assurance of whether or when we may pay dividends on our common stock in the future. Future
dividends, if any, will be declared and paid at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on a number of factors. Our
principal source of funds used to pay cash dividends on our common stock will be dividends that we receive from Pinnacle Bank.
Although Pinnacle Bank’s asset quality, earnings performance, liquidity and capital requirements will be taken into account
before we declare or pay any future dividends on our common stock, our board of directors will also consider our liquidity and
capital requirements and our board of directors could determine to declare and pay dividends without relying on dividend
payments from Pinnacle Bank.
Federal and state banking laws and regulations and state corporate laws restrict the amount of dividends we may declare and
pay and that Pinnacle Bank may declare and pay to us. For example, Federal Reserve regulations implementing the capital rules
required under Basel III do not permit dividends unless capital levels exceed certain higher levels applying capital conservation
buffers that began to apply on January 1, 2016 and are being phased in over three years.
In addition, the terms of (i) our subordinated debentures, (ii) the subordinated notes we assumed upon consummation of the
Avenue merger, and (iii) the subordinated debentures and subordinated notes we assumed upon the consummation of the BNC
merger, prohibit us from paying dividends on our common stock at times when we are deferring the payment of interest on such
subordinated debentures or subordinated notes. Moreover, the terms of the loan agreement for Pinnacle Financial’s line of credit
prohibits us from paying dividends when there is an event of default existing under the loan agreement, or the payment of a
dividend would cause an event of default.
33
We may issue additional common stock or other equity securities in the future which could dilute the ownership interest of
existing shareholders.
In order to maintain our or Pinnacle Bank’s capital at desired or regulatory-required levels, we may issue additional shares of
common stock, or securities convertible into, exchangeable for or representing rights to acquire shares of common stock. We may
sell these shares at prices below the current market price of shares, and the sale of these shares may significantly dilute
shareholder ownership. We could also issue additional shares in connection with acquisitions of other financial institutions (as we
did in connection with our acquisition of BNC and our other recent acquisitions) or investments in fee-related businesses such as
BHG, which could also dilute shareholder ownership.
Holders of Pinnacle Financial’s and Pinnacle Bank’s indebtedness and junior subordinated debentures have rights that are
senior to those of Pinnacle Financial’s shareholders.
At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial had outstanding trust preferred securities and accompanying junior subordinated
debentures totaling $133.0. Payments of the principal and interest on the trust preferred securities are conditionally guaranteed by
Pinnacle Financial, and the accompanying subordinated debentures are senior to shares of Pinnacle Financial’s common stock. As
a result, Pinnacle Financial must make payments on the subordinated debentures (and the related trust preferred securities) before
any dividends can be paid on common stock and, in the event of Pinnacle Financial’s bankruptcy, dissolution or liquidation, the
holders of the subordinated debentures must be satisfied before any distributions can be made on Pinnacle Financial’s common
stock. Pinnacle Financial has the right to defer distributions on its junior subordinated debentures (and the related trust preferred
securities) for up to five years, during which time no dividends may be paid on its common stock. If our financial condition
deteriorates or if we do not receive required regulatory approvals, we may be required to defer distributions on our junior
subordinated debentures.
From time to time, Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank have issued, and in connection with the Avenue merger and BNC
merger, assumed, subordinated notes. At December 31, 2017, we and Pinnacle Bank had an aggregate of $340.5 million of
subordinated notes outstanding, not including the subordinated debentures issued in connection with our trust preferred securities.
The terms of these notes prohibit or will prohibit Pinnacle Financial or Pinnacle Bank, as applicable, from declaring or paying
any dividends or distributions on its common stock at any time when payment of interest on these notes has not been timely made
and while any such accrued and unpaid interest remains unpaid. Moreover, the notes we have issued or assumed rank senior to
shares of Pinnacle Financial’s common stock. In the event of any bankruptcy, dissolution or liquidation of Pinnacle Financial,
these notes, along with Pinnacle Financial’s other indebtedness, would have to be repaid before Pinnacle Financial’s shareholders
would be entitled to receive any of the assets of Pinnacle Financial.
Pinnacle Financial or Pinnacle Bank may from time to time issue additional subordinated indebtedness that would have to be
repaid before Pinnacle Financial’s shareholders would be entitled to receive any of the assets of Pinnacle Financial or Pinnacle
Bank.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report
our financial results. As a result, current and potential holders of our securities could lose confidence in our financial
reporting, which would harm our business and the trading price of our securities.
Maintaining and adapting our internal controls over financial reporting, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act, is expensive and requires significant management attention. Moreover, as we continue to grow, our internal controls may
become more complex and require additional resources to ensure they remain effective amid dynamic regulatory and other
guidance. Failure to implement effective controls or difficulties encountered in the process may harm our results of operations and
financial condition or cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations. If we or our independent registered accounting firm
identify material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting or are otherwise required to restate our financial
statements, we could be required to implement expensive and time-consuming remedial measures and could lose investor
confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports. We may also face regulatory enforcement or other actions,
including the potential delisting of our securities from the Nasdaq Global Select Market. This could have an adverse effect on our
business, financial condition or results of operations, as well as the trading price of our securities, and could potentially subject us
to litigation.
34
Our issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect holders of our common stock.
We have the ability under our current effective shelf registration statement to issue shares of preferred stock. Further, our
shareholders authorized our board of directors to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock without any further action on
the part of our shareholders. Our board also has the power, without shareholder approval, to set the terms of any series of
preferred stock that may be issued, including voting rights, dividend rights, preferences over our common stock with respect to
dividends or in the event of a dissolution, liquidation or winding up, and other terms. In the event that we issue preferred stock in
the future that has preference over our common stock with respect to payment of dividends or upon our liquidation, dissolution,
or winding up, or if we issue debt securities, incur other borrowings or issue preferred stock with voting rights that dilute the
voting power of our common stock, the rights of the holders of our common stock or the market price of our common stock could
be adversely affected.
We and/or the holders of certain classes of our securities could be adversely affected by unfavorable ratings from rating
agencies.
The ratings agencies regularly evaluate Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank, and their ratings of our long-term debt are
based on a number of factors, including our financial strength as well as factors not entirely within our control, including
conditions affecting the financial services industry generally. There can be no assurance that we will not receive adverse changes
in our ratings in the future, which could adversely affect the cost and other terms upon which we are able to obtain funding, and
the way in which we are perceived in the capital markets. Actual or anticipated changes, or downgrades in our credit ratings,
including any announcement that our ratings are under review for a downgrade, could affect the market value and liquidity of our
securities, increase our borrowing costs and negatively impact our profitability. Additionally, a downgrade of the credit rating of
any particular security issued by us or our subsidiaries could negatively affect the ability of the holders of that security to sell the
securities and the prices at which any such securities may be sold.
Even though our common stock is currently traded on the Nasdaq Stock Market’s Global Select Market, it has less liquidity
than many other stocks quoted on a national securities exchange.
The trading volume in our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market has been relatively low when compared with
larger companies listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market or other stock exchanges. Although we have experienced increased
liquidity in our stock, we cannot say with any certainty that a more active and liquid trading market for our common stock will
continue to develop. Because of this, it may be more difficult for shareholders to sell a substantial number of shares for the same
price at which shareholders could sell a smaller number of shares.
We cannot predict the effect, if any, that future sales of our common stock in the market, or the availability of shares of
common stock for sale in the market, will have on the market price of our common stock. We can give no assurance that sales of
substantial amounts of common stock in the market, or the potential for large amounts of sales in the market, would not cause the
price of our common stock to decline or impair our future ability to raise capital through sales of our common stock.
The market price of our common stock has fluctuated significantly, and may fluctuate in the future. These fluctuations may
be unrelated to our performance. General market or industry price declines or overall market volatility in the future could
adversely affect the price of our common stock, and the current market price may not be indicative of future market prices.
Our corporate organizational documents and the provisions of Tennessee law to which we are subject contain certain
provisions that could have an anti-takeover effect and may delay, make more difficult or prevent an attempted acquisition of
Pinnacle Financial that you may favor.
Our amended and restated charter, as amended, and bylaws, as amended, contain various provisions that could have an anti-
takeover effect and may delay, discourage or prevent an attempted acquisition or change of control of Pinnacle Financial. These
provisions include:
•
•
•
•
a provision requiring our board of directors to take into account specific factors when considering an acquisition
proposal;
a provision that all extraordinary corporate transactions to which we are a party must be approved by a majority of the
directors and a majority of the shares entitled to vote;
a provision that any special meeting of our shareholders may be called only by our chairman, our chief executive officer,
our president, our board of directors, or the holders of 25% of the outstanding shares of our voting stock that have held
those shares for at least one year; and
a provision establishing certain advance notice procedures for nomination of candidates for election as directors at an
annual or special meeting of shareholders at which directors are elected.
35
Additionally, our amended and restated charter, as amended, authorizes the board of directors to issue shares of our preferred
stock without shareholder approval and upon such terms as the board of directors may determine. The issuance of our preferred
stock, while providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions, financings, and other corporate purposes,
could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or of discouraging a third party from acquiring, a
controlling interest in us. In addition, certain provisions of Tennessee law, including a provision which restricts certain business
combinations between a Tennessee corporation and certain affiliated shareholders, may delay, discourage or prevent an attempted
acquisition or change in control of our company.
An investment in our common stock is not an insured deposit and is not guaranteed by the FDIC.
An investment in our common stock is not a bank deposit and, therefore, is not insured against loss or guaranteed by the
FDIC, any other deposit insurance fund or by any other public or private entity. An investment in our common stock is inherently
risky for the reasons described herein and our shareholders will bear the risk of loss if the value or market price of our common
stock is adversely affected.
36
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The Company's executive offices are located at 150 Third Avenue South, Suite 900, Nashville, Tennessee. At December 31, 2017, we
conducted banking operations in 114 offices in four states. These offices include both owned and leased facilities as follows:
State
Owned
Leased
Total
Tennessee
North Carolina
South Carolina
Virginia
27
29
12
6
74
19
10
9
2
40
46
39
21
8
114
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Various legal proceedings to which Pinnacle Financial or a subsidiary of Pinnacle Financial is party arise from time to time in the normal
course of business. There are no material pending legal proceedings to which Pinnacle Financial or any of its subsidiaries is a party or
of which any of its or its subsidiaries' properties are subject.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
37
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Pinnacle Financial's common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol "PNFP" and has traded on that
market since July 3, 2006. The following table shows the high and low sales price information for Pinnacle Financial's common stock
for each quarter in 2017 and 2016 as reported on the Nasdaq Global Select Market.
2017:
First quarter
Second quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter
2016:
First quarter
Second quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter
Price Per Share
High
Low
$
71.55
$
70.30
67.80
69.95
$
52.82
$
52.54
57.39
71.85
61.07
59.00
58.40
63.13
43.32
44.61
46.82
49.40
As of February 23, 2018, Pinnacle Financial had approximately 7,169 stockholders of record.
During the fourth quarter of 2013, we paid a quarterly dividend on our common stock for the first time. The amount of the initial
dividend was $0.08 per share. During the first quarters of 2015 and 2016, the board of directors increased the dividend to $0.12 per
share and $0.14 per share, respectively. During the first quarter of 2018, our board of directors declared a dividend of $0.14 per share.
See ITEM 1. "Business - Supervision and Regulation - Payment of Dividends" and ITEM 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" for additional information on dividend restrictions applicable to Pinnacle Financial
and Pinnacle Bank.
In connection with the settlement of income tax liabilities associated with the Company's equity compensation plans, Pinnacle
Financial repurchased shares of its common stock during the quarter ended December 31, 2017 as follows:
Period
October 1, 2017 to October 31, 2017
November 1, 2017 to November 30, 2017
December 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017
Total
Total Number of
Shares
Repurchased (1)
Average Price Paid
Per Share
$
917
719
48
1,684
$
66.06
65.50
67.75
65.85
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans or
Programs
Maximum Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares That May
Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(1) During the quarter ended December 31, 2017, 46,752 shares of restricted stock previously awarded to certain of our
associates vested. 40,317 of these shares vested subject to 83(b) elections. For the remaining restricted share awards which
vested during the quarter ended December 31, 2017, we withheld 1,684 shares to satisfy tax withholding requirements
associated with their vesting.
38
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Total assets
Loans, net of unearned income
Allowance for loan losses
Total securities
Goodwill, core deposit and other intangible assets
Deposits and securities sold under agreements to repurchase
Advances from FHLB
Subordinated debt and other borrowings
Stockholders' equity
Statement of Operations Data:
Interest income
Interest expense
Net interest income
Provision for loan losses
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
Noninterest income
Noninterest expense
Income before income taxes
Income tax expense
Net income
Per Share Data:
Earnings per share available to common stockholders – basic
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic
Earnings per common share available to common
stockholders – diluted
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted
Common dividends per share
Book value per common share
Common shares outstanding at end of period
Performance Ratios:
Return on average assets
Return on average stockholders' equity
Net interest margin
Net interest spread
Noninterest income to average assets
Noninterest expense to average assets
Efficiency ratio
Average loan to average deposit ratio
Average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing
liabilities
Average equity to average total assets ratio
Dividend payout ratio
Asset Quality Ratios:
Allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual loans
Allowance for loan losses to total loans
Nonperforming assets to total assets
Nonperforming assets to total loans and other real estate
Net loan charge-offs to average loans
Capital Ratios (Pinnacle Financial):
Common equity Tier I risk-based capital
Leverage
Tier 1 risk-based capital
Total risk-based capital
$
$
$
$
$
$
2017 (1)
22,205,700
15,633,116
67,240
2,536,046
1,864,712
16,586,964
1,319,909
465,505
3,707,952
636,138
92,831
543,307
23,664
519,643
144,903
366,560
297,986
124,007
173,979
2.73
63,760,578
2.70
64,328,189
0.56
47.70
77,739,636
$
$
$
$
$
$
2016 (2)(3)
11,194,623
8,449,925
58,980
1,323,797
566,698
8,845,014
406,304
350,768
1,496,696
363,609
38,615
324,994
18,328
306,666
121,003
236,285
191,383
64,159
127,224
2.96
43,037,083
2.91
43,731,992
0.56
32.28
46,359,377
$
$
$
$
$
2015 (4)(5)
8,714,544
6,543,235
65,432
966,442
442,773
7,050,498
300,305
141,606
1,155,611
255,169
18,537
236,632
9,188
227,444
86,530
170,877
143,098
47,589
95,509
2.58
37,015,468
2.52
37,973,788
0.48
28.25
40,906,064
$
$
$
$
$
2014
6,018,248
4,590,026
67,359
770,730
246,422
4,876,600
195,476
96,158
802,693
206,170
13,185
192,985
3,635
189,350
52,602
136,300
105,653
35,182
70,471
2.03
34,723,335
2.01
35,126,890
0.32
22.45
35,732,483
$
$
$
$
$
2013
5,563,776
4,144,493
67,970
733,252
247,492
4,603,938
90,637
98,658
723,708
191,282
15,384
175,898
7,856
168,042
47,104
129,261
85,884
28,158
57,726
1.69
34,200,770
1.67
34,509,261
0.08
20.55
35,221,941
1.02%
6.26%
3.76%
3.53%
0.85%
2.15%
53.26%
95.14%
136.10%
16.32%
20.00%
117.00%
0.43%
0.38%
0.55%
0.13%
9.14%
8.65%
9.14%
12.01%
1.27%
9.47%
3.70%
3.46%
1.21%
2.36%
52.98%
96.66%
139.39%
13.40%
19.31%
213.90%
0.70%
0.30%
0.40%
0.21%
7.86%
8.55%
8.64%
11.86%
1.36%
10.06%
3.72%
3.55%
1.23%
2.42%
52.88%
96.39%
142.77%
13.47%
18.97%
222.90%
1.00%
0.42%
0.55%
0.21%
8.61%
9.37%
9.63%
11.24%
1.27%
9.33%
3.75%
3.65%
0.90%
2.33%
55.50%
93.15%
142.64%
13.46%
16.67%
403.20%
1.47%
0.46%
0.62%
0.10%
10.10%
11.30%
12.10%
13.40%
1.11%
8.22%
3.77%
3.65%
0.90%
2.48%
57.96%
93.46%
137.78%
13.47%
20.38%
373.80%
1.64%
0.60%
0.80%
0.24%
N/A
10.90%
11.80%
13.00%
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Information for the 2017 fiscal year includes the operation of BNC from its acquisition date of June 16, 2017 and reflects approximately 27.7 million shares of
Pinnacle Common Stock issued in connection the BNC merger and approximately 3.2 million shares issued in connection with a public offering consummated in
January 2017.
Information for the 2016 fiscal year includes the operations of Avenue from its acquisition date of July 1, 2016 and reflects approximately 3.8 million shares of
Pinnacle Common Stock issued in connection with the Avenue merger.
Information for the 2016 fiscal year includes our additional 19% membership interest in BHG which we acquired in March 2016 and reflects approximately
861,000 shares of Pinnacle Common Stock issued in connection with the additional investment in BHG.
Information for the 2015 fiscal year includes the operations of CapitalMark from its acquisition date of July 31, 2015 and Magna from its acquisition date of
September 1, 2015 and reflects approximately 3.3 million shares and 1.4 million shares of Pinnacle Common Stock issued in connection with the CapitalMark
merger and the Magna merger, respectively.
Information for 2015 fiscal year includes our 30% membership interest in BHG which we acquired in February 2015.
39
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF
OPERATIONS
The following is a discussion of our financial condition at December 31, 2017 and 2016 and our results of operations for each of the
years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2017. The purpose of this discussion is to focus on information about our financial
condition and results of operations which is not otherwise apparent from the consolidated financial statements. The following discussion
and analysis should be read along with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere herein.
Overview
General. Our fully diluted net income per common share for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $2.70 compared to fully diluted
net income per common share of $2.91 and $2.52 for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. At December 31, 2017,
loans had increased by $7.18 billion as compared to December 31, 2016. The comparability of our financial condition and performance
has been impacted by the acquisitions we have completed in the last three years and passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act in December
2017, in each case as discussed below.
Acquisitions. We acquired a 30% membership interest in Bankers Healthcare Group, LLC (BHG) on February 1, 2015 for $75.0 million
in cash and acquired an additional 19% membership interest in BHG on March 1, 2016 for $74.1 million in cash and 860,470 shares of
Pinnacle Financial common stock, with a fair value of $39.9 million on the date of the acquisition.
We acquired CapitalMark Bank and Trust (CapitalMark) on July 31, 2015 and Magna Bank (Magna) on September 1, 2015. We acquired
Avenue Financial Holdings, Inc. and its wholly owned bank subsidiary, Avenue Bank (together, Avenue), on July 1, 2016. At the acquisition
date, CapitalMark's net assets were fair valued at $73.2 million, including loans of $857.5 million and deposits valued at $953.2 million.
At the acquisition date, Magna's net assets were fair valued at $49.1 million, including loans of $440.7 million and deposits valued at
$452.7 million. At the acquisition date, Avenue's net assets were fair valued at $81.7 million, including loans of $952.5 million and
deposits valued at $966.7 million. These acquisitions further expanded our franchise within our Tennessee market.
We acquired BNC Bancorp and its wholly owned bank subsidiary, Bank of North Carolina (together, BNC), on June 16, 2017. At acquisition
date, BNC's net assets were preliminarily fair valued at $601.8 million, including loans valued at $5.60 billion and deposits valued at
$6.21 billion. This acquisition expanded our footprint into the Carolinas and Virginia.
Each holder of BNC common stock (including restricted shares) received 0.5235 shares of Pinnacle Financial's common stock for each
share of BNC common stock held by each shareholder on the closing date. We issued 27,687,100 shares of common stock and paid cash
consideration of approximately $129,000, related to fractional shares, to the BNC shareholders. Included in the common stock issued
were 136,890 assumed shares of unvested restricted stock that will be released to the recipients consistent with their original contractual
terms. The fair value of these awards was $9.2 million, with $5.4 million attributable to precombination services provided by the recipients
prior to the merger, and is a component of merger consideration.
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was signed into law. Among other items, the Tax Cuts and
Jobs Act reduced the corporate statutory tax rate from 35% to 21%. As a result of such decrease, we recognized a charge of $31.5 million
in 2017 resulting from the revaluation of our deferred tax assets.
Under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, the qualified performance-based compensation exception to Section 162(m) that generally provided
for the continued deductibility of performance-based compensation was repealed, effective for tax years commencing on or after January
1, 2018. Accordingly, commencing with our fiscal year ending December 31, 2018, compensation to our named executive officers in
excess of $1,000,000 not awarded as performance-based compensation prior to November 2, 2017 will generally not be deductible, which
will likely partially offset the expected reduction in our income tax expense resulting from the rate cut under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
Results of operations. Our net interest income increased to $543.3 million for 2017 compared to $325.0 million for 2016 and $236.6
million for 2015. The net interest margin (the ratio of net interest income to average earning assets) for 2017 was 3.76% compared to
3.70% and 3.72% for 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Our provision for loan losses was $23.7 million for 2017 compared to $18.3 million in 2016 and $9.2 million in 2015. Provision expense
for the year ended December 31, 2017 when compared to the comparable periods in 2016 and 2015 was impacted by organic loan growth
and by charge-offs realized in our consumer portfolio, primarily related to non-prime automobile loans. Our net charge-offs were $15.4
million during 2017 compared to $24.8 million in 2016 and $11.1 million in 2015.
Our allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans decreased from 0.70% at December 31, 2016 to 0.43% at December 31, 2017.
The decrease in the allowance as a percentage of total loans is primarily attributable to the acquired BNC loan portfolio being accounted
for at its fair value as of the merger date. For the BNC loan portfolio, a preliminary fair value discount of $181.4 million was determined
40
as of the acquisition date. At December 31, 2017, the remaining fair value discount for all acquired portfolios (inclusive of BNC) was
$163.5 million. For loans acquired in connection with our acquisitions, the calculation of the allowance for loan losses subsequent to the
acquisition date is consistent with that utilized for legacy Pinnacle Financial loans. Our accounting policy is to compare the computed
allowance for loan losses on purchased loans to the remaining fair value adjustment at the individual loan level. Generally the fair value
adjustments are expected to accrete to interest income over the remaining expected life of the underlying loan agreements and decrease
proportionately with the related loan balance. However, if the computed allowance is greater than the remaining fair value adjustment,
the excess is added to the allowance for loan losses by a provision for loan losses. Additional provisioning for purchased portfolios results
from credit deterioration on the individual loan or from increased borrowings on loans and lines that existed as of the acquisition date.
Should a loan with a remaining fair value discount be paid off prior to maturity, the remaining fair value discount is recognized as interest
income.
Noninterest income for 2017 compared to 2016 increased by $23.9 million, or 19.8%. The increase in noninterest income from 2016 to
2017 was partially due to an increase in income from our investment in BHG, which was $38.0 million for the year ended December 31,
2017 compared to $31.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 and also the result of our acquisition of BNC. These increases
were partially offset by the $8.3 million pre-tax loss on the sale of investment securities we recognized in the fourth quarter of 2017.
Noninterest income for 2016 compared to 2015 increased by $34.5 million, or 39.8%, which was primarily attributable to our increased
equity method investment in BHG. The growth unrelated to our BHG investment in both comparable periods was attributable to our
overall increase in our geographic footprint in those periods as well as increased transaction accounts, increased production in our fee-
based products such as investments, insurance and trust and net gains on the sale of mortgage loans. The year-over-year growth in net
gains on the sale of mortgage loans in both periods was attributed to both an increase in the number of mortgage originators as well as
the positive impact of the low interest rate environment on mortgage production.
Noninterest expense for 2017 compared to 2016 increased by $130.3 million, or 55.1%, primarily due to an increase in salaries and
employee benefits expense. Salaries and employee benefits expense increased $68.8 million, resulting from annual merit increases awarded
in the first quarter of 2017 as well as the increase in our associate base primarily as a result of our mergers with Avenue and BNC. We
also realized increases in equipment and occupancy costs due to our merger with BNC. Additionally, merger expense accounted for
approximately $31.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to $11.7 million of merger-related expense during the same
period in 2016. Merger expense for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 also includes the costs of technical conversions which
were completed in the third quarter of 2016 for Avenue and in the fourth quarter of 2017 for BNC. Associate related expenses such as
retention bonuses are also included in merger-related expenses. We expect merger-related charges to continue to be incurred in relation
to our merger with BNC through the first part of 2018 as we finalize the cultural and technical integrations. Noninterest expense for 2016
compared to 2015 increased by $65.4 million, or 38.3%, primarily due to an increase in salaries and employee benefits expense. Salaries
and employee benefits expense increased $34.9 million, resulting from annual merit increases awarded in the first quarter of 2016 and
the increase in our associate base. We also realized increases in equipment and occupancy costs due to our mergers. Additionally, merger-
related expense accounted for approximately $11.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to $4.8 million of merger-
related expense during the same period in 2015. Merger expense during 2016 includes legal costs incurred associated with the Avenue
merger to defend ourselves and Avenue's directors in a shareholder suit as well as investigation and other legal costs associated with a
former director's alleged improper trading in Avenue common stock. Merger expense for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015
also includes the costs of technical conversions which were completed in the fourth quarter of 2015 for Magna, in the first quarter of
2016 for CapitalMark and in the third quarter of 2016 for Avenue. Associate related expenses such as retention bonuses are also included
in merger-related expenses.
The number of full-time equivalent employees increased from 1,058.5 at December 31, 2015 to 1,179.5 at December 31, 2016 and 2,132.0
at December 31, 2017.
During the three years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, Pinnacle Financial recorded income tax expense of $124.0 million,
$64.2 million and $47.6 million, respectively. The impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act are included in income tax expense for the year
ended December 31, 2017 pursuant to which our deferred tax assets were revalued at new enacted Federal tax rates resulting in a charge
of $31.5 million.
Pinnacle Financial's effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, was 41.6%, 33.5% and 33.3%, respectively,
and differs from the combined federal and state income tax statutory rate primarily due to our investments in bank-qualified municipal
securities, tax benefits from our real estate investment trust subsidiary, participation in Tennessee's Community Investment Tax Credit
(CITC) program, tax benefits associated with bank-owned life insurance and tax savings from our captive insurance subsidiary, offset in
part by the limitation on deductibility of meals and entertainment expense and certain merger-related expenses. Included in income tax
expense for the quarter ended December 31, 2017 was a $31.5 million charge related to the revaluation of deferred tax assets resulting
from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. We also recorded tax benefits associated with our equity-based compensation program pursuant to the
adoption of ASU 2016-09 for the year ended December 31, 2017, resulting in the recognition of $5.4 million of tax benefits. Prior to the
adoption of ASU 2016-09, these tax benefits were recorded in the statement of stockholders' equity directly to additional paid-in-capital.
41
Our efficiency ratio (the ratio of noninterest expense to the sum of net interest income and noninterest income) was 53.3%, 53.0% and
52.9% for the three years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The efficiency ratio measures the amount of expense
that is incurred to generate a dollar of revenue.
Net income for 2017 was $174.0 million compared to $127.2 million in net income in 2016 and $95.5 million in 2015. Fully-diluted net
income per common share was $2.70 for 2017 compared to $2.91 for 2016 and $2.52 for 2015. Net income and fully-diluted net income
per common share in 2017 were each significantly and negatively impacted by the $31.5 million charge resulting from the revaluation
of our deferred tax assets following the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
Financial Condition. Our loan balances increased by $7.18 billion during 2017 compared to an increase of $1.91 billion in 2016. The
increase in our outstanding loan balances during both periods is primarily the result of our acquisitions, as well as the continued economic
growth in our core markets, increases in the number of relationship advisors and increased focus on attracting new customers to our
company.
Total deposits increased from $8.76 billion at December 31, 2016 to $16.45 billion at December 31, 2017. Within our deposits, the ratio
of core funding to total deposits decreased slightly from 81.6% at December 31, 2016 to 77.6% at December 31, 2017.
We believe we have hired experienced relationship managers that have significant client portfolios and longstanding reputations within
the communities we serve. As such, we believe they will attract more relationship managers to our firm as well as loans and deposits
from new and existing small-and middle-market clients as the economies in our principal markets continue to expand.
Capital and Liquidity. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, our capital ratios, including our bank's capital ratios, exceeded regulatory
minimum capital requirements and those necessary to be considered well-capitalized under applicable federal regulations. From time to
time, we may be required to support the capital needs of our bank subsidiary. At December 31, 2017, we had approximately $64.9 million
of cash at the holding company which could be used to support our bank. We believe we have various capital raising techniques available
to us to provide for the capital needs of our bank, including an established line of credit with another bank that can be utilized to provide
up to $75 million of additional capital support to Pinnacle Bank, if needed. In January 2017, we completed a public offering of 3.22
million shares of our common stock in a transaction that resulted in net proceeds to us, after deducting underwriting discounts and
commissions and other expenses payable by us, of approximately $191.2 million. We contributed $185.0 million of these net proceeds
to our bank subsidiary.
Critical Accounting Estimates
The accounting principles we follow and our methods of applying these principles conform with U.S. generally accepted accounting
principles and with general practices within the banking industry. In connection with the application of those principles, we have made
judgments and estimates which, in the case of the determination of our allowance for loan losses, the valuation of other real estate owned,
the assessment of the valuation of deferred tax assets and the assessment of impairment of intangibles, has been critical to the determination
of our financial position and results of operations.
Allowance for Loan Losses (allowance). Our management assesses the adequacy of the allowance prior to the end of each calendar quarter.
This assessment includes procedures to estimate the allowance and test the adequacy and appropriateness of the resulting balance. The
level of the allowance is based upon management's evaluation of the loan portfolio, loan loss experience, asset quality trends, known and
inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrowers' ability to repay the loan (including the timing of future
payment), the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, economic conditions, industry and peer
bank loan quality indications and other pertinent factors, including regulatory recommendations. The level of allowance maintained is
believed by management to be adequate to absorb probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The allowance
is increased by provisions charged to expense and decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries of amounts previously charged-off.
Allocation of the allowance may be made for specific loans, but the entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management's
judgment, is deemed to be uncollectible.
Our allowance for loan loss assessment methodology was modified during the year ended December 31, 2017 to (i) extend the lookback
period from 24 quarters to a period beginning January 1, 2006 to better capture the risk associated with this extended economic cycle,
(ii) eliminate the use of risk ratings in the calculation of the loss rate and instead focus on loss rate by loan type and (iii) expand the
economic variables used in the qualitative assessment to incorporate our expanded footprint. We also eliminated the use of a loss emergence
period in light of the minimal population of losses available to evaluate that were previously being extrapolated to the full population of
loans, and shifted the focus of our analysis to more of a quantitative model. There was no material impact on the adoption of the change
in the allowance for loan loss assessment methodology.
42
Our allowance for loan losses is composed of the result of two independent analyses pursuant to the provisions of ASC 450-20, Loss
Contingencies and ASC 310-10-35, Receivables. The ASC 450-20 analysis is intended to quantify the inherent risks in our performing
loan portfolio. The ASC 310-10-35 analysis includes a loan-by-loan analysis of impaired loans, including those reported as nonaccrual,
troubled-debt restructurings and purchase credit impaired.
In assessing the adequacy of the allowance, we also consider the results of our ongoing independent loan review process. We undertake
this process both to ascertain those loans in the portfolio with elevated credit risk and to assist in our overall evaluation of the risk
characteristics of the entire loan portfolio. Our loan review process includes the judgment of management, independent internal loan
reviewers, and reviews that may have been conducted by third-party reviewers, primarily regulatory examiners. We incorporate relevant
loan review results in the allowance.
The ASC 450-20 component of the allowance for loan losses begins with a historical loss rate calculation for each loan pool with similar
risk characteristics. The losses realized over a rolling four-quarter cycle are utilized to determine an annual loss rate for each loan pool
for each quarter-end in our look-back period. The look-back period in our loss rate calculation begins with January 2006, as we believe
the period from January 1, 2006 to present is more representative of this economic cycle. The loss rates for each category are then averaged
and applied to the end of period loan portfolio balances to determine estimated losses. The loss rates provide a quantitative estimate of
credit losses inherent in our end of period loan portfolio based on our actual loss experience.
The estimated loan loss allocation for all loan segments also considers management's estimate of probable losses for a number of qualitative
factors that have not been considered in the quantitative analysis. The qualitative categories and the measurements used to quantify the
risks within each of these categories are subjectively selected by management, but measured by objective measurements period over
period. The data for each measurement may be obtained from internal or external sources. The current period measurements are evaluated
and assigned a factor commensurate with the current level of risk relative to past measurements over time. The resulting factor is applied
to the non-impaired loan portfolio. This amount represents estimated probable inherent credit losses which exist, but have not yet been
identified either in our risk rating or impairment process, as of the balance sheet date, and is based upon quarterly trend assessments in
portfolio concentrations, policy exceptions, economic conditions, associate retention, independent loan review results, collateral
considerations, credit quality, competition and regulatory requirements, enterprise wide risk assessments, and peer group credit quality. The
qualitative allowance allocation, as determined by the processes noted above, is increased or decreased for each loan segment based on
the assessment of these various qualitative factors.
The allowance for loan losses for purchased loans is calculated similarly to that utilized for our legacy loans. Our accounting policy is
to compare the computed allowance for loan losses for purchased loans to any remaining fair value adjustment on a loan-by-loan basis.
If the computed allowance is greater than the remaining fair value adjustment, the excess is added to the allowance for loan losses by a
provision for loan losses.
The ASC 450-20 portion of the allowance also includes a small unallocated component. We believe that the unallocated amount is
warranted for inherent factors that cannot be practically assigned to individual loan categories, such as the imprecision in the overall loss
allocation measurement process, the subjectivity risk of not considering all relevant environmental categories and related measurements
and imprecision in our credit risk ratings process. The appropriateness of the unallocated component of the allowance is assessed each
quarter end based upon changes in the overall business environment not otherwise captured.
The impaired loan allowance is determined pursuant to ASC 310-10-35. Loans are impaired when, based on current information and
events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Collection
of all amounts due according to the contractual terms means collecting all interest and principal payments of a loan as scheduled in the
loan agreement. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates including the amounts and timing of future cash
flows expected to be received on impaired loans that may be susceptible to significant change. Loan losses are charged off when
management believes that the full collectability of the loan is unlikely. A loan may be partially charged-off after a "confirming event"
has occurred which serves to validate that full repayment pursuant to the terms of the loan is unlikely.
An impairment allowance is recognized if the fair value of the loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (recorded investment
in the loan is the principal balance plus any accrued interest, net of deferred loan fees or costs and unamortized premium or discount).
The impairment is recognized through the provision for loan losses and is a component of the allowance. Loans that are impaired are
recorded at the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, or if the loan is collateral
dependent, at the fair value of the collateral, less estimated disposal costs. If the loan is collateral dependent, the principal balance of the
loan is charged-off in an amount equal to the impairment measurement. The fair value of collateral dependent loans is derived primarily
from collateral appraisals performed by independent third-party appraisers. Management believes it follows appropriate accounting and
regulatory guidance in determining impairment and accrual status of impaired loans. This analysis is completed for all individual loans
greater than $500,000. The resulting allowance percentage by segment adjusted for specific trends identified, if applicable, is then applied
to the remaining population of impaired loans.
43
Pursuant to the guidance set forth in ASU 2011-02, A Creditor's Determination of Whether a Restructuring is a Troubled Debt
Restructuring, the above impairment methodology is also applied to those loans identified as troubled debt restructurings.
We then test the resulting allowance by comparing the balance in the allowance to historical trends and industry and peer information.
Our management then evaluates the result of the procedures performed, including the results of our testing, and decides on the
appropriateness of the balance of the allowance in its entirety. The audit committee of our board of directors approves the allowance for
loan loss policy annually and reviews the methodology and approves the resultant allowance prior to the filing of quarterly and annual
financial information.
While our policies and procedures used to estimate the allowance for loan losses, as well as the resultant provision for loan losses charged
to operations, are considered adequate by management and are reviewed from time to time by our regulators, they are necessarily
approximate and inherently imprecise. There are factors beyond our control, such as conditions in the local, national, and international
economy, a local real estate market or particular industry conditions which may materially negatively impact our asset quality and the
adequacy of our allowance for loan losses and thus the resulting provision for loan losses.
Other Real Estate Owned. Other real estate owned (OREO), which consists of properties obtained through foreclosure or through deed
in lieu of foreclosure in satisfaction of loans, is reported at fair value based on appraised value less selling costs, estimated as of the date
acquired, with any loss recognized as a charge-off through the allowance for loan losses. Additional OREO losses for subsequent downward
valuation adjustments are determined on a specific property basis and are included as a component of other noninterest expense along
with holding costs. The fair value of other real estate owned is derived primarily from independent appraisers. Our internal policies
generally require OREO properties to be appraised every twelve months. Any net gains or losses on disposal realized at the time of
disposal are reflected, net, in noninterest expense. Significant judgments and complex estimates are required in estimating the fair value
of other real estate owned, and the period of time within which such estimates can be considered current is significantly shortened during
periods of market volatility. As a result, the net proceeds realized from sales transactions could differ significantly from appraisals,
comparable sales, and other estimates used to determine the fair value of other real estate owned.
Impairment of Intangible Assets. Long-lived assets, including purchased intangible assets subject to amortization, such as our core deposit
intangible asset, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset
may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to
estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated
future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value
of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount
or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. There are no such assets to be disposed of at December 31, 2017.
Goodwill is evaluated for impairment annually and more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset might be
impaired. ASC 350, Intangibles — Goodwill and Other, provides an entity the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine
whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If an entity does a qualitative
assessment and determines it is necessary, or if a qualitative assessment is not performed, it is required to perform a two-step goodwill
impairment test to identify potential goodwill impairment and measure the amount of goodwill impairment loss to be recognized for that
reporting unit (if any). If, based on a qualitative assessment, an entity determines that the fair value of a reporting unit is more than its
carrying amount, the two-step goodwill impairment test is not required. The results of our qualitative assessment as of September 30,
2017, our annual assessment date, indicated that the fair value of our reporting unit was more than its carrying value, and accordingly,
the two-step goodwill impairment test was not performed.
Should our common stock price decline or other impairment indicators become known, additional impairment testing of goodwill may
be required. Should it be determined in a future period that the goodwill has become impaired, then a charge to earnings will be recorded
in the period such determination is made. While we believe that the assumptions utilized in our testing were appropriate, they may not
reflect actual outcomes that could occur. Specific factors that could negatively impact the assumptions used include the following: a
change in the control premium being realized in the market or a meaningful change in the number of mergers and acquisitions occurring;
the amount of expense savings that may be realized in an acquisition scenario; significant fluctuations in our asset/liability balances or
the composition of our balance sheet; a change in the overall valuation of the stock market, specifically bank stocks; performance of
Southeast U.S. Banks; and Pinnacle Financial's performance relative to peers. Changing these assumptions, or any other key assumptions,
could have a material impact on the amount of goodwill impairment, if any.
44
Results of Operations
The following is a summary of our results of operations for 2017, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands except per share data):
Years ended
December 31,
2017
2016
2017-2016
Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
Year ended
December 31,
2015
2016-2015
Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
Interest income
Interest expense
Net interest income
Provision for loan losses
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
Noninterest income
Noninterest expense
Net income before income taxes
Income tax expense
Net income
Basic net income per common share
Diluted net income per common share
$
636,138
$
92,831
543,307
23,664
519,643
144,903
366,560
297,986
124,007
173,979
2.73
2.70
$
$
$
$
$
$
363,609
38,615
324,994
18,328
306,666
121,003
236,285
191,383
64,159
127,224
2.96
2.91
74.95% $
140.40%
67.17%
29.11%
69.45%
19.75%
55.13%
55.70%
93.28%
36.75% $
(7.77%) $
(7.22%) $
255,169
18,537
236,632
9,188
227,444
86,530
170,877
143,098
47,589
95,509
2.58
2.52
42.50%
108.31%
37.34%
99.47%
34.83%
39.84%
38.28%
33.74%
34.82%
33.21%
14.73%
15.48%
Net Interest Income. Net interest income represents the amount by which interest earned on various earning assets exceeds interest paid
on deposits and other interest bearing liabilities and is the most significant component of our revenues. For the year ended December 31,
2017, we recorded net interest income of approximately $543.3 million, which resulted in a net interest margin of 3.76%. For the year
ended December 31, 2016, we recorded net interest income of approximately $325.0 million, which resulted in a net interest margin of
3.70%. For the year ended December 31, 2015, we recorded net interest income of approximately $236.6 million, which resulted in a net
interest margin of 3.72%.
45
Interest-earning assets:
Loans (1)
Securities:
Taxable
Tax-exempt (2)
Federal funds sold and other
The following table sets forth the amount of our average balances, interest income or interest expense for each category of interest-earning
assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the average interest rate for total interest-earning assets and total interest-bearing liabilities, net
interest spread and net interest margin for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2017 (in thousands):
2017
2016
2015
Average
Balances
Interest
Rates/
Yields
Average
Balances
Interest
Rates/
Yields
Average
Balances
Interest
Rates/
Yields
$ 12,254,790 $578,286
4.79% $ 7,586,346 $335,735
4.51% $ 5,394,775 $232,847
4.39%
1,724,612
488,478
335,491
39,060
13,712
5,080
2.26%
3.76%
1.51%
4.38%
937,710
19,179
201,842
293,542
6,014
2,681
9,019,440
363,609
2.05%
4.00%
0.91%
4.06%
721,829
15,060
167,091
223,732
5,783
1,479
6,507,427
255,169
2.09%
4.63%
0.66%
3.96%
Total interest-earning assets
14,803,371
636,138
Nonearning assets:
Intangible assets
Other nonearning assets
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits:
1,273,577
939,269
$ 17,016,217
509,899
495,554
$ 10,024,893
315,366
310,628
$ 7,133,421
Interest checking
$ 2,328,350 $ 11,261
0.48% $ 1,464,671 $
4,140
0.28% $ 1,149,772 $
2,487
0.60%
0.88%
0.62%
0.34%
1.57%
4.86%
0.85%
0.00%
3,426,842
14,289
777,343
5,489
5,668,856
23,918
75,981
481,711
243,905
6,470,453
2,179,398
185
4,136
10,376
38,615
—
0.42%
0.71%
0.42%
0.24%
0.86%
4.25%
0.60%
0.00%
2,298,746
541,766
7,701
3,021
3,990,284
13,209
68,037
362,668
138
1,175
136,888
4,015
4,557,877
18,537
1,606,432
—
0.22%
0.34%
0.56%
0.33%
0.20%
0.32%
2.93%
0.41%
0.00%
Savings and money market
Time deposits
Total interest-bearing deposits
Securities sold under agreements to
repurchase
5,455,607
1,765,089
9,549,046
32,844
15,479
59,584
119,055
406
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
788,237
12,399
420,790
10,877,128
3,331,741
20,442
92,831
—
Subordinated debt and other
borrowings
Total interest-bearing liabilities
Noninterest-bearing deposits
Total deposits and interest- bearing
liabilities
Other liabilities
Stockholders' equity
Net interest income
Net interest spread (3)
Net interest margin (4)
14,208,869
92,831
0.65%
8,649,851
38,615
0.45%
6,164,309
18,537
0.30%
30,218
2,777,130
$ 17,016,217
31,349
1,343,693
$ 10,024,893
19,905
949,207
$ 7,133,421
$543,307
$324,994
$236,632
3.53%
3.76%
3.46%
3.70%
3.55%
3.72%
(1) Average balances of nonperforming loans are included in average loan balances.
(2) Yields based on the carrying value of those tax exempt instruments are shown on a fully tax equivalent basis.
(3) Yields realized on interest-bearing assets less the rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities. The net interest spread calculation excludes the impact
of demand deposits. Had the impact of demand deposits been included, the net interest spread for the year ended December 31, 2017 would have
been 3.73% compared to a net interest spread for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 of 3.61% and 3.66%, respectively.
(4) Net interest margin is the result of net interest income calculated on a tax-equivalent basis divided by average interest earning assets for the
period.
For the year ended December 31, 2017, our net interest spread was 3.53%, while the net interest margin was 3.76% compared to a net
interest spread of 3.46% for the year ended December 31, 2016 and 3.55% for the year ended December 31, 2015, and a net interest
margin of 3.70% and 3.72%, respectively. Although our net interest margin was positively impacted by increases in earning assets, these
increases were partially offset by increases in our total funding costs. During the year ended December 31, 2017, total funding rates were
more than those rates for the year ended December 31, 2016 by 20 basis points and were more than those rates for the year ended December
31, 2015 by 35 basis points. The net increase was impacted by our acquisitions as their deposit rates were higher, interest rate increases
and increased FHLB Cincinnati borrowings. Increased levels of on balance sheet liquidity also negatively impacted our net interest
margin in 2017.
46
The expansion of our earning asset yields was driven in part by the impact of Federal funds rate increases throughout 2017, which
positively impacted our floating and variable rate loan and investment portfolios. With our expected continued growth, we anticipate our
net interest income will likely increase over the next several quarters. Our loan yields grew only slightly between 2017 and 2016 as the
competition for quality loans continues to be intense and the market dictates the rate necessary in order to grow volumes. The application
of fair value accounting on the BNC accounts we acquired also positively impacted our net interest margin in 2017, but this should lessen
in future periods.
We continue to deploy various asset liability management strategies to manage our risk to interest rate fluctuations. We believe our net
interest margin should remain relatively stable in 2018. Although the anticipated rise in interest rates should be beneficial to us, loan
pricing for creditworthy borrowers is very competitive in our markets and has limited our ability to increase pricing on new and renewed
loans over the last couple of years and the tax impact of purchase accounting on our net interest income should decrease in future periods.
We anticipate that this challenging competitive environment will continue in 2018 and it is unclear what impact the reduction in corporate
tax rates under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act will have on the interest rates we charge for loans or pay on deposits though we believe it will
increase competition. However, we believe our net interest income should increase in 2018 compared to 2017 primarily due to an increase
in average earning asset volumes, primarily loans, as well as the incremental amounts attributable for BNC. We anticipate funding these
increased earning assets by continuing to grow our core deposits, with wholesale and other forms of noncore funding limited to that
required to fund the shortfall, if any.
Rate and Volume Analysis. Net interest income increased by $218.3 million between the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017
and by $88.4 million between the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016. The following is an analysis of the changes in our net
interest income comparing the changes attributable to rates and those attributable to volumes (in thousands):
2017 Compared to 2016
Increase (decrease) due to
2016 Compared to 2015
Increase (decrease) due to
Rate
Volume
Net
Rate
Volume
Net
$
26,745
$
215,806
$
242,551
$
6,794
$
96,093
$
102,887
2,901
(1,837)
1,896
29,705
16,980
9,535
503
19,881
7,698
2,399
242,824
272,529
(341)
(1,154)
660
5,959
4,459
1,385
543
4,118
231
1,203
102,480
108,439
3,942
8,326
2,225
14,493
99
4,693
2,048
21,333
3,179
10,229
7,765
21,173
122
3,570
8,018
32,883
7,121
18,555
9,990
35,666
221
8,263
10,066
54,216
874
2,381
993
4,248
30
2,296
2,604
9,176
779
4,207
1,475
6,461
17
665
3,757
10,900
1,653
6,588
2,468
10,709
47
2,961
6,361
20,078
88,361
Net interest income
$
8,372
$
209,941
$
218,313
$
(3,217) $
91,580
$
Changes in net interest income are attributed to either changes in average balances (volume change) or changes in average rates (rate
change) for earning assets and sources of funds on which interest is received or paid. Volume change is calculated as change in volume
times the previous rate while rate change is change in rate times the previous volume. The change attributed to rates and volumes (change
in rate times change in volume) is considered above as a change in volume.
47
Interest-earning assets:
Loans
Securities:
Taxable
Tax-exempt
Federal funds sold
Total interest-earning assets
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest checking
Savings and money market
Time deposits
Total deposits
Securities sold under agreements to
repurchase
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
Subordinated debt and other borrowings
Total interest-bearing liabilities
Provision for Loan Losses. The provision for loan losses represents a charge to earnings necessary to establish an allowance for loan
losses that, in management's evaluation, we believe to be adequate to provide coverage for the inherent losses on outstanding loans. The
provision for loan losses amounted to approximately $23.7 million, $18.3 million, and $9.2 million for the years ended December 31,
2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively.
Impacting the provision for loan losses in any accounting period are several factors including the change in outstanding loan balances,
the level of charge-offs and recoveries, the changes in the amount of impaired loans, results of regulatory examinations, credit quality
comparison to peer banks, the industry at large, economic conditions both in our market areas and more broadly, and, ultimately, the
results of our quarterly assessment of the inherent risks of our loan portfolio including past loan loss experience.
Provision expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 has increased as compared to 2016 and continued to be negatively impacted
due to charge-offs realized in our consumer portfolio, primarily related to non-prime automobile loans. Provision expense for the year
ended December 31, 2016 increased as compared to 2015, primarily due to increased charge-offs in our consumer portfolio, primarily
related to non-prime automobile loans, although the overall amount of the allowance declined. The balance of this portfolio was $10.7
at December 31, 2017 compared to $30.0 at December 31, 2016. We expect the percentage of our loan portfolio represented by automobile
loans will continue to decrease in 2018.
Our allowance for loan losses is adjusted to an amount deemed appropriate to adequately cover probable losses in the loan portfolio based
on our allowance for loan loss methodology. Our allowance for loan losses as a percentage of loans decreased from 0.70% at December
31, 2016 to 0.43% at December 31, 2017, primarily as a result of the acquired BNC loan portfolio being recorded at fair value at the
acquisition date, thus no allowance for loan losses is assigned to these loans as of the date of acquisition. An allowance for loan losses
is recorded for purchased loans that have experienced credit deterioration subsequent to acquisition or increases in balances outstanding. As
of December 31, 2017, net loans included a net fair value discount of $163.5 million. For the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016,
respectively, the net fair value discount changed as follows:
December 31, 2015
Acquisitions
Year-to-date accretion/settlement
December 31, 2016
Acquisitions
Year-to-date accretion/settlement
December 31, 2017
Accretable
Yield(1)
Nonaccretable
Yield(2)
Total
$
$
$
(23,212) $
(4,143) $
(27,036)
19,884
(812)
1,322
(30,364) $
(3,633) $
(149,116)
47,478
(32,314)
4,410
(27,355)
(27,848)
21,206
(33,997)
(181,430)
51,888
(132,002) $
(31,537) $
(163,539)
(1) The accretable yield will be recorded as a component of interest income using the level-yield method based on the life of the underlying loans.
(2) The nonaccretable yield will be reduced as purchase credit impaired loans are settled.
Based upon our evaluation of the loan portfolio, we believe the allowance for loan losses to be adequate to absorb our estimate of inherent
losses existing in the loan portfolio at December 31, 2017. While our policies and procedures used to estimate the allowance for loan
losses, as well as the resultant provision for loan losses charged to operations, are considered adequate by management, they are necessarily
approximate and imprecise. There are factors beyond our control, such as conditions in the local and national economy, local real estate
market or a particular industry or borrower which may negatively impact, materially, our asset quality and the adequacy of our allowance
for loan losses and, thus, the resulting provision for loan losses.
Noninterest Income. Our noninterest income is composed of several components, some of which vary significantly between annual
periods. Service charges on deposit accounts and other noninterest income generally reflect our growth, while investment services, fees
from the origination of mortgage loans, swap fees and gains or losses on the sale of securities will often reflect market conditions and
fluctuate from period to period.
48
The following is our noninterest income for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 (in thousands):
Years ended
December 31,
2017
2016
2017-2016
Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
Year ended
December 31,
2015
2016-2015
Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
Noninterest income:
Service charges on deposit accounts
$
20,033
$
38.15% $
12,746
Investment services
Insurance sales commissions
Gains on mortgage loans sold, net
Investment gains (losses) on sales and impairments, net
Trust fees
Income from equity method investment
Other noninterest income:
Interchange and other consumer fees
Bank-owned life insurance
Loan swap fees
Other noninterest income
Total other noninterest income
Total noninterest income
14,315
7,405
18,625
(8,265)
8,664
37,958
29,887
7,945
1,795
6,541
46,168
14,501
10,757
5,309
15,754
395
6,328
31,403
24,221
3,547
3,865
4,923
36,556
33.08%
39.48%
18.22%
NM
36.92%
20.87%
23.39%
123.99%
(53.56%)
32.87%
26.29%
$
144,903
$
121,003
19.75% $
9,971
4,824
7,669
552
5,461
20,591
18,214
2,548
2,578
1,376
24,716
86,530
13.77%
7.88%
10.05%
105.42%
(28.44%)
15.88%
52.51%
32.98%
39.21%
49.92%
257.78%
47.90%
39.84%
The increase in service charges on deposit accounts in 2017 compared to 2016 and 2015 is primarily related to increased analysis fees
due to an increase in the volume and number of commercial checking accounts when compared the prior periods, respectively.
Income from our wealth management groups (investments, insurance and trust) is also included in noninterest income. For the year ended
December 31, 2017, commissions and fees from investment services at our financial advisory unit, Pinnacle Asset Management, a division
of Pinnacle Bank were $14.3 million, compared to $10.8 million at December 31, 2016, reflecting increases in brokerage assets and the
increase in the value of the stock market. At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Asset Management was receiving commissions and fees in
connection with approximately $3.3 billion in brokerage assets compared to $2.2 billion and $1.8 billion, respectively, at December 31,
2016 and 2015. Insurance commissions were approximately $7.4 million during 2017 and $5.3 million during 2016 and $4.8 million
during 2015. Additionally, at December 31, 2017, our trust department was receiving fees on approximately $1.8 billion and $1.1 billion
of managed and custodied assets, respectively, compared to approximately $1.0 billion and $755 million at December 31, 2016 and $916
million and $675 million at December 31, 2015.
For the year ended December 31, 2017, investment gains (losses) on sales and impairments, net, represent an $8.3 million pre-tax loss
we recognized in order to reposition approximately $300 million of investment securities to provide our balance sheet more protection
from a potentially flatter yield curve in the future. This loss also allowed us to capture an increased tax deduction in 2017 due to the
reduction in corporate tax rates beginning in 2018 as a result of the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. We expect to fully recoup the
losses from these transactions during 2018.
Gains on mortgage loans sold, net, consists of fees from the origination and sale of residential mortgage loans. These mortgage fees are
for loans originated in our current markets that are subsequently sold to third-party investors. Substantially all of these loan sales transfer
servicing rights to the buyer. Generally, mortgage origination fees increase in lower interest rate environments and more robust housing
markets and decrease in rising interest rate environments and more challenging housing markets. Mortgage origination fees will fluctuate
from quarter to quarter as the rate environment changes. Gains on mortgage loans sold, net, were $18.6 million, $15.8 million and $7.7
million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015. The increase between each of the periods is attributable
to our completed acquisitions and the strong economy in our markets, the continued low interest rate environment and additional
personnel in our production unit in 2017 when compared to 2016 and 2015. We hedge a portion of our mortgage pipeline as part of a
mandatory delivery program. There is a strong positive correlation between the size of the mortgage pipeline and the value of this hedge.
The hedge is not designated as a hedge for GAAP purposes and, as such, changes in its fair value are recorded directly through the income
statement. Therefore, the size of the outstanding mortgage pipeline at any reporting period will directly impact the amount of revenue
recorded for mortgage loans held for sale in any one period and is cyclical in nature. During 2017, we realized an overall increase in the
volume of loans included in the mortgage pipeline as a result of our acquisitions, and therefore recognized a gain on the change in the
fair market value of the hedge. Decreases in the volume of loans included in the mortgage pipeline are likely to negatively impact the
gains we recognize as a result of this program.
49
Income from equity-method investment is comprised solely of income from our 49% equity-method investment in BHG. We acquired
a 30% investment during the first quarter of 2015 and subsequently increased our investment by 19% in the first quarter of 2016. Income
from this equity-method investment was $38.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to $31.4 million and $20.6 million
for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Income from equity-method investment is recorded net of associated
expenses, including amortization expense associated with customer lists and other intangible assets of $3.3 million, $3.4 million and $1.3
million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. At December 31, 2017, there were $13.4 million of these
intangible assets which will be amortized in lesser amounts over the next 18 years. Also included in income from equity-method investment,
is accretion income associated with the fair valuation of certain of BHG's liabilities of $3.1 million and $2.5 million for the years ended
December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. No accretion income was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2015. At December
31, 2017, there were $10.3 million of these liabilities which will be accreted into income in lesser amounts over the next 9 years.
During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank received $21.7 million,
$29.0 million and $7.2 million in dividends in the aggregate from BHG, which reduced the carrying amount of our investment in BHG
while earnings from BHG increase the carrying amount of our investment in BHG. Our proportionate share of earnings from BHG are
included in our consolidated tax return. Profits from intercompany transactions are eliminated. Earnings from BHG may fluctuate from
period-to-period.
As our ownership interest in BHG is 49%, we do not consolidate BHG's results of operations or financial position into our financial
statements but record the net result of BHG's activities at our percentage ownership in income from equity method investment in noninterest
income. For the year ended December 31, 2017, BHG reported $160.2 million in gross revenues compared to $136.7 million and $144.8
million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. The following discussion considers BHG's results of operations
for 2017, 2016 and 2015 prior to consideration of our ownership interest.
•
•
•
•
Approximately $127.2 million, or 79.4%, of these revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017 related to gains on the sale
of commercial loans BHG had previously issued to doctor, dentist and other medical practices compared to $95.6 million, or
69.9%, for the year ended December 31, 2016 and $71.0 million, or 49.0%, for the year ended December 31, 2015. BHG refers
to this activity as its core product. BHG typically funds these loans from cash reserves on its balance sheet. Subsequently, these
core product loans are sold with no recourse to BHG to a network of community banks and other financial institutions at a
premium to the par value of the loan. The purchaser may access a BHG cash reserve account of up to 3% of the loan balance
to support loan payments. BHG retains no servicing or other responsibilities related to the core product loan once sold. As a
result, this gain on sale premium represents BHG's compensation for absorbing the costs to originate the loan as well as marketing
expenses associated with maintaining its business model. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, there were $1.5 billion and $1.2
billion, respectively, in core product loans previously sold by BHG that were actively serviced by BHG's bank network of
purchasers.
Traditionally, BHG, at its sole option, may also provide purchasers of these core product loans the ability to substitute the
acquired loan with another more recently-issued BHG medical practice loan should the previously-acquired loan become at
least 90-days past due as to its monthly payments. This substitution is subject to the purchaser having adhered to the standards
of its purchase agreement with BHG. Additionally, all substitutions are subject to the approval by BHG's board of managers.
As a result, the reacquired loans are deemed purchase credit impaired and recorded on BHG's balance sheet at the net present
value of the loan's anticipated cash flows. BHG will then initiate collection efforts and attempt to restore the reacquired loan
to performing status. During 2017 and 2016, BHG's substitution losses related to these activities totaled approximately $42.5
million and $23.4 million, respectively. As a result, BHG maintained a liability as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 of $69.8
million and $45.9 million, respectively, that represents an estimate of the future inherent losses for the outstanding core portfolio
that may be subject to future substitution.
BHG will maintain loans on its balance sheet for a period of time prior to sale or transfer to a purchaser. BHG also has an
investment portfolio on which it earns interest and dividend income. Net interest income and fees associated with these activities
amounted to $19.6 million, $20.3 million and $18.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Additionally, BHG will also refer loans to other financial institutions and, based an agreement with the institution, earn a fee
for doing so. Typically, these are loans that BHG believes would either be classified as consumer-type loans rather than
commercial loans, fail to meet the credit underwriting standards of BHG but another institution will accept the loans or are to
borrowers in certain geographic locations where BHG has elected not to do business. For the years ended December 31, 2017,
2016 and 2015, BHG recognized fee income of $6.5 million, $10.0 million and $7.4 million, respectively, from these activities.
50
Included in other noninterest income are interchange and other consumer fees, gains from bank-owned life insurance, swap fees earned
for the facilitation of derivative transactions for our clients and other items. Interchange revenues increased as a result of increased debit
and credit card transactions as compared to the comparable periods in 2016 and 2015 resulting from both acquired and organic growth,
but was negatively impacted by the Durbin Amendment which were applicable to us beginning on July 1, 2017. We estimate that the
Durbin Amendment negatively impacted our noninterest income by approximately $4.0 million in 2017. Other noninterest income included
changes in the cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance which was $7.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared
to $3.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. The increase in earnings on these bank-owned life insurance policies resulted
primarily from the additional $202.3 million in bank-owned life insurance with terms similar to our existing policies which were added
upon acquisition of BNC. The assets that support these policies are administered by the life insurance carriers and the income we receive
(i.e., increases or decreases in the cash surrender value of the policies) on these policies is dependent upon the returns the insurance
carriers are able to earn on the underlying investments that support the policies. Earnings on these policies generally are not taxable. Loan
swap fees are also included in other noninterest income and decreased by $2.1 million when compared to the year ended December 31,
2016 and increased by $1.3 million between 2016 and 2015 as a result of market demand for these products in each of the respective the
rate environments. Other items included in other noninterest income include $3.0 million and $1.3 million of income from the sale of
Small Business Administration loans for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $1.0 million and $925,000 of
income from the sale of other loans for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Noninterest Expense. The following is our noninterest expense for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 (in thousands):
Years ended
December 31,
2017
2016
2017-2016
Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
Year ended
December 31,
2015
2016-2015
Percent
Increase
(Decrease)
Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits:
Salaries
Commissions
Cash and equity incentives
Employee benefits and other
Total salaries and employee benefits
Equipment and occupancy
Other real estate expense
Marketing and business development
Postage and supplies
Amortization of intangibles
Merger-related charges
Other noninterest expense:
Deposit related expenses
Lending related expenses
Investment sales expense
Trust expenses
FHLB restructuring
Administrative and other expenses
Total other noninterest expense
$
130,929
$
7,573
40,693
30,467
209,662
54,092
1,079
8,321
5,736
8,816
31,843
14,325
14,604
528
743
—
16,811
47,011
83,164
5,932
27,182
24,541
140,819
35,073
395
6,536
3,929
4,281
11,747
8,315
11,938
478
838
—
11,936
33,505
57.43% $
27.66%
49.71%
24.15%
48.89%
54.23%
173.16%
27.31%
45.99%
105.93%
171.07%
72.28%
22.33%
10.46%
(11.34%)
NM
40.84%
40.31%
60,980
5,594
22,222
17,133
105,929
27,242
(306)
4,863
3,228
1,974
4,797
5,173
7,635
403
529
481
8,929
23,150
Total noninterest expense
$
366,560
$
236,285
55.13% $
170,877
36.38%
6.04%
22.32%
43.24%
32.94%
28.75%
NM
34.40%
21.72%
116.87%
144.88%
60.74%
56.36%
18.61%
58.41%
(100.00%)
33.68%
44.73%
38.28%
The increase in total salaries and employee benefits expense in 2017 over 2016 and 2015 is primarily the result of an increase in the
number of employees in 2017 over 2016 and 2015. At December 31, 2017, our associate base had expanded to 2,132.0 full-time equivalent
associates as compared to 1,179.5 and 1,058.5 at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, primarily resulting from our acquisitions
in the respective periods. We expect salary and employee benefit expenses will continue to rise as we continue to hire more experienced
bankers throughout our expanded footprint. We also expect salaries and benefits expense will increase in 2018 when compared to 2017
due to our increased associate base. We expect to realize the impact of the synergy case on our personnel expenses on the BNC merger
in the second quarter of 2018. In addition, as our total assets now exceed $20 billion, we also expect our compliance costs and FDIC
insurance assessment expense will continue to increase.
51
We believe that cash and equity incentives are a valuable tool in motivating an employee base that is focused on providing our clients
effective financial advice and increasing shareholder value. As a result, and unlike many other financial institutions, all of our non-
commissioned associates participate in our annual cash incentive plan with a minimum targeted bonus equal to 10% of each associate's
annual salary, and all of our associates participate in our equity compensation plans. Under the annual cash incentive plan, the targeted
level of incentive payments requires achievement of a certain soundness threshold and a targeted level of revenues and earnings (subject
to certain adjustments). To the extent that the soundness threshold is met and revenues and earnings are above or below the targeted
amount, the aggregate incentive payments are increased or decreased. Historically, we have paid between 0% and 125% of our targeted
incentives. In 2017, our cash incentives represented 105% of targeted incentive compensation compared to 90% in 2016 and 100% in
2015.
Also, included in employee benefits and other expense for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, were approximately
$16.6 million, $11.0 million and $7.3 million, respectively, of compensation expenses related to equity-based awards, for restricted
shares or restricted share units, including those with performance-based vesting criteria. We have not issued stock options since 2008.
Under our equity incentive plans, we provide a broad-based equity incentive program for all associates. We believe that equity incentives
provide a vehicle for all associates to become meaningful shareholders of Pinnacle Financial over an extended period of time and create
a shareholder-centric culture throughout our organization. Our compensation expense associated with equity awards for 2017 increased
when compared to 2016 as a result of the additional associates we hired in 2017, primarily in connection with our acquisition of BNC.
We expect our compensation expense associated with equity awards to increase in 2018 when compared to 2017 as a result of our intention
to hire additional experienced financial advisors in 2018. Employee benefits and other expenses include costs associated with our 401k
plan, health insurance, and payroll taxes.
Equipment and occupancy expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 was 54.2% greater than in 2016 which was 28.8% greater than
in 2015, primarily due to the locations acquired upon our mergers occurring in the respective periods. We intend to expand our footprint
by one location in each of the Knoxville, Chattanooga, and Memphis MSAs annually. In future periods, these expansions may lead to
higher equipment and occupancy expenses as well as related increases in salaries and benefits expense. There are no current plans to
expand our branch distribution in the Carolinas and Virginia.
Other real estate expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $1.1 million compared to $395,000 in 2016 and a benefit of $306,000
in 2015. The increase in 2017 is primarily related to the acquisition of $20.7 million in other real estate due to our merger with BNC.
Marketing and business development expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 was 27.3% greater than in 2016 which was 34.4%
greater than in 2015. The primary source of the increase in 2017 as compared to 2016 is related to our acquisition of BNC and the
associated marketing and business development expenses for the expanded footprint. Additionally, our relationship with a Memphis
professional sports franchise, which began in the latter half of 2016, was in place for the full year in 2017, representing a larger expense
in 2017 when compared to 2016. This relationship is the primary source of the increase in 2016 as compared to 2015.
Noninterest expense related to the amortization of intangibles was $8.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to $4.3
million and $2.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The increase in amortization expense is attributable
to amortizing intangibles resulting from our acquisitions in 2017 and 2016, respectively. The following table outlines our amortizing
intangible assets and the related amortizable life of our acquired intangible assets:
Core Deposit Intangible:
Mid-America
CapitalMark
Magna Bank
Avenue
BNC
Book of Business Intangible:
Miller Loughry Beach Insurance
CapitalMark
BNC Insurance
BNC Trust
Year
acquired
Initial
Valuation
(in millions)
Amortizable
Life
(in years)
Remaining
Value
(in millions)
$
9.5
6.2
3.2
8.8
48.1
1.3
0.3
0.4
1.9
10
$
7
6
9
10
20
16
20
10
—
2.7
1.2
6.2
43.9
0.4
0.2
0.4
1.8
2007
2015
2015
2016
2017
2008
2015
2017
2017
52
These assets are being amortized on an accelerated basis which reflects the anticipated life of the underlying assets. Amortization expense
related to these assets is estimated to decrease from $10.5 million to $5.2 million per year over the next five years with lesser amounts
for the remaining amortization period.
During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, merger-related charges of $31.8 million, $11.7 million and $4.8
million were incurred associated with our acquisitions which occurred in those respective periods. Merger-related charges in 2017 primarily
include the cost of the technical and cultural integration, lease termination fees, costs associated with the BNC branch rationalization
plan we executed in 2017, the cost of certain assumed equity awards that vested upon the change in control, and retention bonuses paid
to former BNC associates for their services during the conversion. Merger-related charges during 2016 include legal costs incurred
associated with the Avenue merger to defend ourselves and Avenue's directors in a shareholder suit as well as investigation and other
legal costs associated with a former director's alleged improper trading in Avenue common stock. Merger-related charges for the years
ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, also include the costs of technical conversions which were completed during those periods.
Associate related expenses such as retention bonuses are also included in these expenses. We expect to continue to incur merger-related
charges in relation to our acquisition of BNC through the first quarter of 2018 as we finalize the cultural and technical integration.
Total other noninterest expenses increased by $13.5 million to $47.0 million during 2017 when compared to 2016. Included in other
noninterest expenses are deposit and lending related expenses, investment and trust sales expenses, FHLB restructuring expense and
administrative expenses. Deposit and lending expenses increased by $6.0 million and $2.7 million, respectively, in 2017 primarily as a
result of our acquisition of BNC. Administrative and other expenses increased by $4.9 million to $16.8 million during 2017 when
compared to 2016. Included in those expenses were increased legal fees, director fees and issuance costs as a result of our acquisition of
BNC. Franchise tax expense increased $952,000 in connection with our expanded taxable basis. Total other noninterest expenses increased
by $10.4 million to $33.5 million during 2016 when compared to 2015. Included in other noninterest expenses are deposit and lending
related expenses, investment and trust sales expenses, FHLB restructuring expense and administrative expenses. Lending expenses
increased by $4.3 million primarily as a result of our expanding credit card platform. Administrative and other expenses increased by
$3.0 million to $11.9 million during 2016 when compared to 2015. Included in those expenses was an increase of $893,000 in the loss
on foreclosed other repossessed assets. Franchise tax expense increased approximately $2.0 million as compared to 2015 as a result of
state income tax credits being applied to excise tax in 2016 as compared to franchise tax in 2015.
Our efficiency ratio (ratio of noninterest expense to the sum of net interest income and noninterest income) was 53.3% in fiscal year 2017
compared to 53.0% in fiscal year 2016 and 52.9% in fiscal year 2015. The efficiency ratio measures the amount of expense that is incurred
to generate a dollar of revenue.
Income Taxes. During the year ended December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial recorded income tax expense of $124.0 million compared
to $64.2 million and $47.6 million in 2016 and 2015, respectively. Our effective income tax rate was 41.6%, 33.5% and 33.3%, respectively,
for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, which is principally impacted by our investments in bank-qualified municipal
securities, our real estate investment trust, participation in the Tennessee CITC program, and bank-owned life insurance, offset in part
by the limitation on deductibility of meals and entertainment expense and certain merger-related expenses. Impacting tax expense during
the year ended December 31, 2017, was our adoption on January 1, 2017 of FASB Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-09 Stock
Compensation Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Activity, which represented a change in accounting for the tax effects
related to vesting of common shares and the exercise of stock options previously granted to our employees through our various equity
compensation plans. This change resulted in a reduction in tax expense of $5.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2017. Additionally,
as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act signed into law on December 22, 2017, Pinnacle Financial recorded a non-cash charge of $31.5
million related to the revaluation of net deferred tax assets due to statutory federal income tax rate for corporate entities decreasing from
35 percent to 21 percent for 2018 and the future.
Financial Condition
Our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2017 reflects an increase of $7.2 billion in outstanding loans to $15.6 billion and an
increase of $7.7 billion in total deposits to $16.5 billion from December 31, 2016. Total assets were $22.2 billion at December 31, 2017
as compared to $11.2 billion at December 31, 2016. We acquired loans of $5.6 billion and deposits totaling $6.2 billion upon our acquisition
of BNC in 2017. We acquired loans of $952.5 million and deposits totaling $966.7 million upon our acquisition of Avenue in 2016.
Collectively, we acquired $1.3 billion in loans and $1.4 billion in deposits upon our acquisitions of CapitalMark and Magna in 2015.
53
Loans. The composition of loans at December 31 for each of the past five years and the percentage (%) of each segment to total loans are
summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
Commercial real estate -
Mortgage
Consumer real estate -
Mortgage
Construction and land
development
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
Amount
Percent
Amount
Percent
Amount
Percent
Amount
Percent
Amount
Percent
$ 6,669,610
42.7% $ 3,193,496
37.8% $ 2,275,483
34.8% $ 1,544,091
33.6% $ 1,383,435
33.4%
2,561,214
16.4% 1,185,917
14.0% 1,046,517
16.0%
721,158
15.7%
695,616
16.8%
1,908,288
12.2%
912,673
10.8%
747,697
11.4%
322,466
7.0%
316,191
7.6%
Commercial and industrial
4,141,341
26.5% 2,891,710
34.2% 2,228,542
34.1% 1,784,729
38.9% 1,605,547
38.7%
Consumer and other
352,663
2.2%
266,129
3.2%
244,996
3.7%
217,583
4.8%
143,704
3.5%
Total loans
$15,633,116
100.0% $ 8,449,925
100.0% $ 6,543,235
100.0% $ 4,590,027
100.0% $ 4,144,493
100.0%
The composition of our loan portfolio has changed due to our acquisition of BNC, which had more of a commercial real estate focus,
including construction, than we did in our legacy Tennessee markets. As we intend to focus on growth of the commercial and industrial
segment in our expanded footprint during 2018, we believe our commercial and industrial portfolio will become a more substantial portion
of our total loan portfolio going forward. The commercial real estate – mortgage category includes owner-occupied commercial real estate
loans. At December 31, 2017, approximately 36.9% of the outstanding principal balance of our commercial real estate - mortgage loans
was secured by owner-occupied commercial real estate properties. Owner-occupied commercial real estate is similar in many ways to our
commercial and industrial lending in that these loans are generally made to businesses on the basis of the cash flows of the business rather
than on the valuation of the real estate. Growth in the construction and land development loan segment reflects the development growth
of the local economies in which we operate and is diversified between commercial, residential and land.
The following table classifies our fixed and variable rate loans at December 31, 2017 according to contractual maturities of (1) one year
or less, (2) after one year through five years, and (3) after five years. The table also classifies our variable rate loans pursuant to the
contractual repricing dates of the underlying loans (dollars in thousands):
Amounts at December 31, 2017
Fixed
Rates
Variable
Rates (*)
Totals
At December 31,
2017
At December 31,
2016
Based on contractual maturity:
Due within one year
Due in one year to five years
Due after five years
Totals
Based on contractual repricing dates:
Daily floating rate
Due within one year
Due in one year to five years
Due after five years
Totals
$
$
$
$
881,566
$
1,972,983
$
4,136,697
2,587,448
3,395,025
2,659,397
2,854,549
7,531,722
5,246,845
7,605,711
$
8,027,405
$
15,633,116
— $
881,566
4,136,697
2,587,448
2,566,343
5,018,820
305,982
136,260
2,566,343
5,900,386
4,442,679
2,723,708
7,605,711
$
8,027,405
$
15,633,116
The above information does not consider the impact of scheduled principal payments.
18.2%
48.2%
33.6%
100.0%
16.4%
37.8%
28.4%
17.4%
100.0%
21.0%
46.8%
32.2%
100.0%
23.8%
36.0%
27.8%
12.4%
100.0%
(*)Daily floating rate loans are tied to Pinnacle Bank's prime lending rate or a national interest rate index with the underlying loan rates changing
in relation to changes in these indexes. Included in variable rate loans are $227 million of loans which are currently priced at their contractual
floors with a weighted average rate of 4.38%. The weighted average contractual rate on these loans is 5.12% As a result, interest income on
these loans will not change until the contractual rate on the underlying loan exceeds the interest rate floor.
Loan Origination Risk Management. We maintain lending policies and procedures designed to maximize lending opportunities within an
acceptable level of risk. Management reviews and approves these policies and procedures on a regular basis. A reporting system supplements
the review process by providing management with frequent reports related to loan production, loan quality, concentrations of credit, loan
delinquencies and non-performing loans. Diversification in the loan portfolio is measured and monitored as a means of managing risk
associated with fluctuations in economic conditions.
54
Underwriting standards are designed to promote relationship banking rather than transactional banking. Management examines current
and projected cash flows to determine the expected ability of a borrower to repay its obligations as agreed. Commercial and industrial
loans are primarily underwritten based on the identified cash flows of the borrower and generally are collateralized by business assets and
may have a personal guaranty of business principals. Collateral pledged may include the assets being financed or other assets such as
accounts receivable, inventory or equipment. Some short-term loans may be advanced on an unsecured basis.
Commercial real estate loans are subject to underwriting standards and processes similar to commercial and industrial loans. These loans
are viewed primarily as cash flow loans and are underwritten based on the ability of the property (in the case of income producing property),
or the borrower's business (if owner occupied) to generate sufficient cash flow to amortize the debt. Secondary emphasis is placed upon
collateral value and the financial strength of guarantors, if any. Commercial real estate loans may be adversely affected by conditions in
the real estate markets or in the general economy. As detailed in the discussion of real estate loans below, the properties securing our
commercial real estate portfolio generally are diverse in terms of type and industry and we measure and monitor concentrations regularly.
We believe this diversity helps reduce our exposure to adverse economic events that affect any single industry or type of real estate product.
Management monitors and evaluates commercial real estate loans based on cash flow, collateral, geography and risk grade criteria. We
also utilize third-party experts to provide insight and guidance about economic conditions and trends affecting market areas we serve.
Given the positive economic outlook for our current geographic markets, we continue to make loans for commercial construction and
development projects. Construction loans are underwritten utilizing independent appraisals, sensitivity analysis of absorption and lease
rates, financial analysis of the developers and property owners, and expectations of the permanent mortgage market, among other items.
Construction loans are generally based upon estimates of costs and appraised value associated with the completed project, which may be
inaccurate. Construction loans involve the disbursement of funds during construction with repayment substantially dependent on the
success of the ultimate project. Sources of repayment for these types of loans may be sales of developed property, refinancing in the
permanent mortgage market, or an interim loan commitment from us until permanent financing is obtained. These loans are closely
monitored by on-site inspections and are considered to have higher risks than other real estate loans because their ultimate repayment
depends on the satisfactory completion of construction and is sensitive to interest rate changes, governmental regulation of real property,
general economic conditions and the availability of long-term financing.
We also originate consumer loans, including consumer real-estate loans, where we typically use a computer-based credit scoring analysis
to supplement the underwriting process. To monitor and manage consumer loan risk, policies and procedures are developed and modified,
as needed, jointly by line and staff personnel. This activity, coupled with relatively small loan amounts that are spread across many
individual borrowers, seeks to minimize risk. Additionally, trend and outlook reports are reviewed by management on a regular basis.
Underwriting standards for home equity loans are heavily influenced by statutory requirements.
We also maintain an independent loan review department that reviews and validates the credit risk program on a periodic basis. Results
of these reviews are presented to management and the audit and risk committees of our board of directors. The loan review process
complements and reinforces the risk identification and assessment decisions made by lenders and credit personnel, as well as our policies
and procedures.
Lending Concentrations. We periodically analyze our commercial loan portfolio to determine if a concentration of credit risk exists to
any one or more industries. We use broadly accepted industry classification systems in order to classify borrowers into various industry
classifications. We have a credit exposure (loans outstanding plus unfunded commitments) exceeding 25% of Pinnacle Bank's total risk-
based capital to borrowers in the following industries at December 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):
At December 31, 2017
Outstanding
Principal Balances
Unfunded
Commitments
Total exposure
Total Exposure at
December 31, 2016
Lessors of nonresidential buildings
$
2,778,454
$
32,497
$
2,810,951
$
Lessors of residential buildings
Hotels and motels
870,777
627,126
13,467
1,865
884,244
628,991
1,701,853
874,234
291,865
55
Additionally, the Company monitors two ratios regarding construction and commercial real estate lending as part of its concentration
management processes. Both ratios are calculated by dividing certain types of loan balances for each of the two categories by Pinnacle
Bank’s total risk-based capital. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, Pinnacle Bank’s construction and land development loans as a percentage
of total risk-based capital was 89.4% and 80.3%, respectively. Non-owner occupied commercial real estate and multifamily loans (including
construction and loan development loans) was 297.1% and 256.0% for December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Banking regulations
have established guidelines for the construction ratio of less than 100% of total risk-based capital and for the non-owner occupied ratio
of less than 300%. Should a bank’s ratios be in excess of these guidelines, banking regulations generally require an increased level of
monitoring in these lending areas by bank management. At both December 31, 2017 and 2016, the Bank’s computed ratios were below
the applicable regulatory guidelines.
Performing Loans in Past Due Status. The following table is a summary of our accruing loans that were past due between 30 and 90
days and greater than 90 days as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 (dollars in thousands):
Accruing loans past due 30 to 90 days:
Commercial real estate – mortgage
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
Total accruing loans past due 30 to 90 days
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more:
Commercial real estate – mortgage
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
Total accruing loans past due 90 days or more
Ratios:
December 31,
2017
December 31,
2016
$
$
$
$
23,331
14,835
4,136
7,406
6,311
56,019
104
1,265
146
1,348
1,276
4,139
$
$
$
$
3,505
3,838
2,210
4,475
7,168
21,196
—
53
—
—
1,081
1,134
Accruing loans past due 30 to 90 days as a percentage of total loans
Accruing loans past due 90 days or more as a percentage of total loans
Total accruing loans in past due status as a percentage of total loans
0.36%
0.02%
0.38%
0.25%
0.01%
0.26%
Potential Problem Loans. Potential problem loans amounted to approximately $164.0 million, or 1.1% of total loans outstanding at
December 31, 2017, compared to $114.6 million, or 1.4% of total loans outstanding at December 31, 2016. Potential problem loans, which
are not included in nonperforming loans, represent those loans with a well-defined weakness and where information about possible credit
problems of borrowers has caused management to have doubts about the borrower's ability to comply with present repayment terms. This
definition is believed to be substantially consistent with the standards established by Pinnacle Bank's primary regulators, for loans classified
as substandard or worse, but not considered nonperforming loans. Approximately $14.6 million of potential problem loans were past due
at least 30 but less than 90 days as of December 31, 2017.
Non-Performing Assets and Troubled Debt Restructurings. At December 31, 2017, we had $85.5 million in nonperforming assets compared
to $33.7 million at December 31, 2016. Included in nonperforming assets were $57.5 million in nonperforming loans and $28.0 million
in other real estate owned and other nonperforming assets at December 31, 2017 and $27.6 million in nonperforming loans and $6.1 million
in other real estate owned at December 31, 2016. The increase in nonperforming assets in 2017 is primarily a result of the acquisition of
such assets related to our BNC merger. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, there were $6.6 million and $15.0 million, respectively, of troubled
debt restructurings that were performing as of the restructured date and remain on accrual status but are considered impaired loans pursuant
to U.S. GAAP.
All nonaccruing loans are reassigned to a special assets officer who was not responsible for originating the loan. The special assets officer
is responsible for developing an action plan designed to minimize our future losses. Typically, these special assets officers review our loan
files, interview prior officers assigned to the relationship, meet with borrowers, inspect collateral, reappraise collateral and/or consult with
legal counsel. The special assets officer then recommends an action plan to a committee of senior associates including lenders and workout
specialists, which could include foreclosing on collateral, restructuring the loan, issuing demand letters or other actions.
56
We discontinue the accrual of interest income when (1) there is a significant deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower and
full repayment of principal and interest is not expected or (2) the principal or interest is more than 90 days past due, unless the loan is both
well-secured and in the process of collection. During 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, we recognized $95,000, $159,000 and $308,000
of interest income from nonperforming loans, reflecting cash payments received from the borrower and our belief, at the time of payment,
that the underlying collateral supported the carrying amount of the loans.
Due to the weakening credit status of a borrower, we may elect to formally restructure certain loans to facilitate a repayment plan that
seeks to minimize the potential losses, if any, that we might incur. These loans are considered troubled debt restructurings and are considered
to be impaired loans pursuant to U.S. GAAP. If on nonaccruing status as of the date of restructuring, any restructured loan is included in
the nonperforming loan balances as discussed above and is classified as an impaired loan. Loans that have been restructured that are on
accrual status as of the restructure date are not included in nonperforming loans; however, such loans are still considered impaired.
At December 31, 2017, we owned $27.8 million in other real estate which we had acquired, usually through foreclosure, from borrowers
compared to $6.1 million at December 31, 2016; the majority of this real estate is located within our principal markets. Of the $27.8
million, $20.7 million was acquired in conjunction with our merger with BNC.
The following table is a summary of our nonperforming assets and troubled debt restructurings at December 31, 2017 and 2016 (in
thousands):
At
December 31, 2017
At
December 31, 2016
Nonperforming assets:
Nonperforming loans (1):
Commercial real estate – mortgage
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
Total nonperforming loans (1)
Other real estate owned
Other reposessed assets
Total nonperforming assets
Accruing troubled debt restructurings:
Commercial real estate – mortgage
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
Total accruing troubled debt restructurings
$
$
16,064
18,117
5,968
17,306
—
57,455
27,831
197
85,483
194
2,852
—
3,565
—
6,611
Total nonperforming assets and accruing troubled debt restructurings
$
92,094
$
Ratios:
Nonperforming loans to total loans
Nonperforming assets to total loans plus other real estate owned
Nonperforming assets plus troubled debt restructurings to total loans plus other real estate owned
Nonperforming assets, potential problem loans and troubled debt restructurings to Pinnacle Bank
Tier I capital and allowance for loan losses
Classified Asset Ratio (Pinnacle Bank) (2)
Allowance for loan loss coverage ratio
0.37%
0.55%
0.59%
12.80%
12.90%
117.0%
4,921
8,073
6,613
7,495
475
27,577
6,090
—
33,667
213
3,388
7
11,359
41
15,008
48,675
0.33%
0.40%
0.58%
16.20%
16.40%
213.9%
(1) Approximately $45.8 million and $16.7 million as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, of nonperforming loans included
above are currently paying pursuant to their contractual terms.
(2) Classified assets as a percentage of Tier 1 capital plus allowance for loan losses.
57
Allowance for Loan Losses (allowance). We maintain the allowance at a level that our management deems appropriate to adequately cover
the probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. As of December 31, 2017, and 2016, our allowance for loan losses was $67.2 million
and $59.0 million, respectively, which our management deemed to be adequate at each of the respective dates. Our allowance for loan
loss as a percentage of total loans has decreased from 0.70% at December 31, 2016 to 0.43% at December 31, 2017, primarily as a result
of recording the BNC portfolio at fair value upon acquisition. As a result of our acquired loan portfolios being recorded at fair value upon
acquisition, no allowance for loan losses is assigned to purchase loans as of the date of acquisition. However, an allowance for loan losses
is required for purchased loans that have experienced credit deterioration subsequent to acquisition or increases in balances outstanding.
Pinnacle Financial's accounting policy is to compare the computed allowance on a loan-by-loan basis for loan losses for purchased loans to
the remaining fair value adjustment. However, if the computed allowance at the loan level is greater than the remaining fair value adjustment,
the excess is added to the allowance for loan losses by a charge to the provision for loan losses. The judgments and estimates associated
with our allowance determination are described under "Critical Accounting Estimates" above.
The following table sets forth, based on management's best estimate, the allocation of the allowance to types of loans as well as the
unallocated portion as of December 31 for each of the past five years and the percentage of loans in each category to total loans (in
thousands):
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
Amount
Percent
Amount
Percent
Amount
Percent
Amount
Percent
Amount
Percent
At December 31,
Commercial real estate –
Mortgage
$ 21,188
42.7% $ 13,655
37.8% $ 15,513
34.8% $ 22,202
33.6% $ 21,372
Consumer real estate – Mortgage
5,031
16.4%
6,564
14.0%
7,220
16.0%
5,424
15.7%
8,355
Construction and land
development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
Unallocated
8,962
24,863
5,874
1,322
12.2%
26.5%
2.2%
NA
3,624
24,743
9,520
874
10.8%
34.2%
3.2%
NA
2,903
23,643
15,616
537
11.4%
34.1%
3.7%
NA
5,724
29,167
1,570
3,272
7.0%
7,235
38.9%
25,134
4.8%
NA
1,632
4,242
33.4%
16.8%
7.6%
38.7%
3.5%
NA
Total allowance for loan losses
$ 67,240
100.0% $ 58,980
100.0% $ 65,432
100.0% $ 67,359
100.0%
67,970
100.0%
The decrease in the allowance for loan loss as a percentage of total loans at December 31, 2017 is primarily as a result of recording the
BNC portfolio at fair value upon acquisition. Net charge-offs in the consumer portfolio have remained elevated in 2017, primarily due to
the non-prime automobile portfolio. The balance of the non-prime automobile portfolio continues to decrease period over period. The
allocation by category is determined based on historical loss experience for that category and qualitative factors applicable to each category
of loans. For impaired loans, those loans are reviewed for a specific allowance allocation. Specific valuation allowances related to impaired
loans were approximately $2.8 million at December 31, 2017 compared to $1.1 million at December 31, 2016. The unallocated category
is intended to allow for losses that are inherent in our portfolio that we have not yet identified or attributable to a specific risk factor and
for modeling imprecision. Additional information on the allocation of the allowance between performing and impaired loans is provided
in Note 6 to the "Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements."
58
The following is a summary of changes in the allowance for loan losses for each of the years in the five year period ended December
31, 2017 and the ratio of the allowance for loan losses to total loans as of the end of each period (in thousands):
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
Balance at beginning of period
Provision for loan losses
Charged-off loans:
Commercial real estate - Mortgage
Consumer real estate - Mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
Total charged-off loans
Recoveries of previously charged-off loans:
Commercial real estate - Mortgage
Consumer real estate - Mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other loans
Total recoveries of previously charged-off loans
Net charge-offs
Balance at end of period
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to total loans
outstanding at end of period
Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans outstanding
for the period
$
$
58,980
23,664
65,432
18,328
$
67,359
$
67,970
$
9,188
3,635
(633)
(1,461)
(137)
(4,297)
(15,518)
(22,046)
671
1,516
1,136
1,317
2,002
6,642
(276)
(788)
(231)
(5,801)
(24,016)
(31,112)
208
546
545
2,138
2,895
6,332
(15,404)
(24,780)
(384)
(365)
(190)
(2,207)
(18,002)
(21,148)
85
874
1,479
1,730
5,865
10,033
(11,115)
(875)
(1,621)
(301)
(3,095)
(1,811)
(7,703)
538
671
277
1,484
487
3,457
(4,246)
$
67,240
$
58,980
$
65,432
$
67,359
$
69,417
7,857
(4,123)
(2,250)
(1,351)
(8,159)
(1,369)
(17,252)
500
1,209
1,464
4,531
244
7,948
(9,304)
67,970
0.43%
0.13%
0.70%
0.33%
1.00%
0.21%
1.47%
0.10%
1.64%
0.24%
As noted in our critical accounting policies, management assesses the adequacy of the allowance at the end of each calendar quarter. This
assessment includes procedures to estimate the allowance and test the adequacy and appropriateness of the resulting balance. The level
of the allowance is based upon management's evaluation of the loan portfolios, past loan loss experience, known and inherent risks in the
portfolio, the views of Pinnacle Bank's regulators, adverse situations that may affect the borrower's ability to repay (including the timing
of future payments), the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, economic conditions, historical
loss experience, industry and peer bank loan quality indications and other pertinent factors. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it
requires material estimates including the amounts and timing of future cash flows expected to be received on impaired loans that may be
susceptible to significant change.
Investments. Our investment portfolio, consisting primarily of Federal agency bonds, state and municipal securities and mortgage-backed
securities, amounted to $2.54 billion and $1.32 billion at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Our investment to asset ratio has
decreased slightly from 11.8% at December 31, 2016 to 11.4% at December 31, 2017. Our investment portfolio serves many purposes
including serving as a stable source of income, collateral for public funds and as a potential liquidity source. During the fourth quarter of
2017, approximately $300 million of investment securities were sold at a pre-tax loss of $8.3 million in order to reposition our investment
portfolio to provide our balance sheet more protection from a potentially flatter yield curve in the future. The timing of these sales also
allowed us to capture an increased tax deduction in 2017 due to the reduction in corporate tax rates beginning in 2018 as a result of the
passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.
A summary of certain aspects of our investment portfolio at December 31, 2017 and 2016 follows:
Weighted average life
Effective duration
Weighted average coupon
Tax equivalent yield
59
December 31,
2017
2016
6.29 years
5.26 years
3.49%
2.99%
2.68%
3.16%
2.85%
2.42%
The following table shows the carrying value of investment securities according to contractual maturity classifications of (1) one year or
less, (2) after one year through five years, (3) after five years through ten years, and (4) after ten years. Actual maturities may differ from
contractual maturities of mortgage-backed securities because the mortgages underlying the securities may be called or prepaid with or
without penalty. Therefore, these securities are not included in the maturity categories but are listed below these categories as of December
31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):
U.S. Treasury
securities
U.S. government
agency securities
State and
Municipal
securities
Corporate
securities
Totals
Amount
Yield
Amount
Yield
Amount
Yield
Amount
Yield
Amount
Yield
2.18%
3.64%
3.80%
3.77%
3.72%
2.13%
2.49%
3.09%
4.72%
2.72%
3.17%
4.25%
3.35%
At December 31, 2017:
Securities available-for-sale:
Due in one year or less
$ 30,196
1.20% $
248
Due in one year to five years
Due in five years to ten years
249
1.75%
— 0.00%
2,082
9,658
1.25%
2.23%
53,611
2.28% 118,784
Due after ten years
— 0.00% 168,813
2.41% 609,465
$ 30,445
1.31% $ 180,801
2.37% $ 784,612
3.87% $ 82,314
Mortgage-backed securities
Asset-backed securities
Securities held-to-maturity:
2,752
2.53% $
— 0.00% $
3.82%
3.79%
3.99%
9,833
58,756
13,725
2.15%
4.50%
2.81%
3.66%
33,196
65,775
187,198
792,003
1,078,172
1,263,819
173,292
$ 2,515,283
Due in one year or less
$
— 0.00% $
— 0.00% $
1,329
4.72% $
— 0.00% $
Due in one year to five years
Due in five years to ten years
Due after ten years
— 0.00%
— 0.00%
— 0.00%
— 0.00%
6,210
— 0.00%
10,425
— 0.00%
2,798
2.72%
3.17%
4.25%
1,329
6,210
— 0.00% $
— 0.00% $
10,425
— 0.00% $
2,798
$
— 0.00% $
— 0.00% $ 20,762
3.35% $
— 0.00% $
20,762
Mortgage-backed securities
Asset-backed securities
Total held-for-sale securities
— 0.00%
— 0.00%
$
20,762
3.35%
60
2,556
61,591
123,769
55,424
243,340
976,626
78,580
$ 1,298,546
3.27%
4.49%
4.21%
3.22%
4.04%
2.00%
2.59%
2.42%
1.63%
2.79%
3.01%
3.72%
3.00%
U.S. Treasury
securities
U.S. government
agency securities
State and
Municipal
securities
Corporate
securities
Totals
Amount
Yield
Amount
Yield
Amount
Yield
Amount
Yield
Amount
Yield
At December 31, 2016:
Securities available-for-sale:
Due in one year or less
$
— 0.00% $
Due in one year to five years
Due in five years to ten years
Due after ten years
250
1.75%
— 0.00%
— 0.00%
700
250
10,023
10,796
1.21% $
1,355
4.92% $
501
1.69% $
1.25%
60,052
1.62% 106,685
1.39%
44,628
4.56%
4.41%
3.67%
1,039
7,061
1.64%
4.83%
— 0.00%
$
250
1.75% $ 21,769
1.49% $ 212,720
4.30% $
8,601
4.27%
Mortgage-backed securities
Asset-backed securities
Securities held-to-maturity:
Due in one year or less
$
— 0.00% $
— 0.00% $
594
1.63% $
— 0.00% $
Due in one year to five years
Due in five years to ten years
Due after ten years
— 0.00%
— 0.00%
— 0.00%
— 0.00%
— 0.00%
— 0.00%
10,186
10,586
3,885
2.79%
3.01%
3.72%
— 0.00%
— 0.00%
— 0.00%
594
10,186
10,586
3,885
$
— 0.00% $
— 0.00% $ 25,251
3.00% $
— 0.00% $
25,251
Mortgage-backed securities
Asset-backed securities
Total held-for-sale securities
— 0.00%
— 0.00%
$
25,251
3.00%
We computed yields using coupon interest, adding discount accretion or subtracting premium amortization, as appropriate, on a ratable
basis over the life of each security. We computed the weighted average yield for each maturity range using the acquisition price of each
security in that range.
Deposits and Other Borrowings. We had approximately $16.5 billion of deposits at December 31, 2017 compared to $8.76 billion at
December 31, 2016. Our deposits consist of noninterest and interest-bearing demand accounts, savings accounts, money market accounts
and time deposits. Additionally, we entered into agreements with certain customers to sell certain of our securities under agreements to
repurchase the security the following day. These agreements (which are typically associated with comprehensive treasury management
programs for our commercial clients and provide the client with short-term returns for their excess funds) amounted to $135.3 million at
December 31, 2017 and $85.7 million at December 31, 2016. Additionally, at December 31, 2017, we had borrowed $1.3 billion in advances
from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati (FHLB Cincinnati) compared to $406.3 million at December 31, 2016. At December
31, 2017, we had an estimated $1.5 billion in additional borrowing capacity with the FHLB Cincinnati; however, incremental borrowings
are made via a formal request by us and the subsequent approval by the FHLB Cincinnati.
61
Generally, we have classified our funding as core funding or non-core funding. Core funding consists of all deposits other than time deposits
issued in denominations of $250,000 or greater. All other funding is deemed to be non-core. Non-core is further segmented between
relationship based non-core funding and wholesale funding. The following table represents the balances of our deposits and other funding
and the percentage of each type to the total at December 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):
December 31,
2017
Percent
December 31,
2016
Percent
Core funding:
Noninterest-bearing deposit accounts
Interest-bearing demand accounts
Savings and money market accounts
Time deposit accounts less than $250,000
Total core funding
Non-core funding:
Relationship based non-core funding:
Reciprocating NOW deposits
Reciprocating money market accounts
Reciprocating time deposits (1)
Other time deposits
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
Total relationship based non-core funding
Wholesale funding:
Public funds
Brokered deposits
Brokered time deposits
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
Subordinated debt and other funding
Total wholesale funding
Total non-core funding
Totals
$
4,381,386
2,756,506
5,847,650
1,260,162
14,245,704
23.85% $
15.00%
31.83%
6.86%
77.54%
2,399,191
1,737,996
3,185,186
512,599
7,834,972
77,472
408,806
106,227
444,951
135,262
1,172,718
—
445,822
722,721
1,319,909
465,505
2,953,957
4,126,675
0.42%
2.23%
0.58%
2.42%
0.74%
6.39%
0.00%
2.43%
3.93%
7.18%
2.53%
16.07%
22.46%
$
18,372,379
100.00% $
30,328
519,769
58,838
198,689
85,707
893,331
—
49,983
66,727
406,304
350,768
873,782
24.99%
18.10%
33.17%
5.34%
81.60%
0.32%
5.41%
0.61%
2.07%
0.89%
9.29%
0.00%
0.53%
0.69%
4.23%
3.65%
9.10%
1,767,113
9,602,085
18.40%
100.00%
(1) The reciprocating time deposit category consists of deposits we receive from a bank network (the CDARS network) in connection with
deposits of our customers in excess of our FDIC coverage limit that we place with the CDARS network.
Our funding policies limit the amount of non-core funding we can utilize. Periodically, we may exceed our policy limitations, at which
time management will develop plans to bring our core funding ratios back within compliance. As noted in the table above, our core funding
as a percentage of total funding decreased from 81.6% at December 31, 2016 to 77.5% at December 31, 2017. Growing our core deposit
base is a key strategic objective of our firm. Our current growth plans contemplate that we may increase our non-core funding amounts
from current levels, but we do not currently anticipate that such increases will exceed our internal policies.
When wholesale funding is necessary to complement the company's core deposit base, management determines which source is best suited
to address both liquidity risk management and interest rate risk management objectives. We increased our exposure to brokered deposits
in 2017 as a measure to diversify wholesale funding sources and in conjunction with our acquisitions. Our Asset Liability Management
Policy institutes limitations on overall wholesale funding reliance and on brokered deposit exposure specifically. Both our overall reliance
on wholesale funding and exposure to brokered deposits were within those policy limitations as of December 31, 2017.
62
The amount of time deposits as of December 31, 2017 amounted to $2.5 billion. The following table, which includes core, non-core and
reciprocal deposits, shows our time deposits in denominations of under $100,000 and those of denominations of $100,000 and greater by
category based on time remaining until maturity of (1) three months or less, (2) over three but less than six months, (3) over six but less
than twelve months and (4) over twelve months and the weighted average rate for each category (in thousands):
Denominations less than $100,000
Three months or less
Over three but less than six months
Over six but less than twelve months
Over twelve months
Denomination $100,000 and greater
Three months or less
Over three but less than six months
Over six but less than twelve months
Over twelve months
Totals
Balances
Weighted Avg.
Rate
$
$
294,872
273,872
347,652
318,943
1,235,339
281,188
275,306
377,633
364,595
1,298,722
2,534,061
0.91%
1.05%
1.19%
1.51%
1.17%
0.82%
0.98%
1.03%
1.48%
1.10%
1.14%
Subordinated debt and other borrowings. Pinnacle Bank receives advances from the FHLB Cincinnati, pursuant to the terms of various
borrowing agreements, which assist it in the funding of its home mortgage and commercial real estate loan portfolios. Under the borrowing
agreements with the FHLB Cincinnati, Pinnacle Bank has pledged certain qualifying residential mortgage loans and, pursuant to a blanket
lien, all qualifying commercial mortgage loans as collateral. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, Pinnacle Financial had received advances
from the FHLB Cincinnati totaling $1.3 billion and $406.2 million, respectively. Additionally, Pinnacle Financial recognized a discount
of $167,000 on FHLB Cincinnati advances in conjunction with its acquisition of Avenue in July 2016. At December 31, 2017 and 2016,
respectively, the remaining discount was $13,000 and $92,000. At December 31, 2017, the scheduled maturities of FHLB Cincinnati
advances and interest rates are as follows (in thousands):
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
Weighted average interest rate
Scheduled
Maturities
Weighted
average
interest rates
$
557,501
356,000
272,627
133,750
—
17
$
1,319,895
1.46%
1.64%
1.74%
1.87%
—
2.75%
1.61%
(1) Some FHLB Cincinnati advances include variable interest rates and could increase in the future. The table reflects rates in effect as of
December 31, 2017.
63
We have entered into and acquired a number of statutory business trusts which were established to issue 30-year trust preferred securities
and related junior subordinated debt instruments and certain other subordinated debt agreements. We also have a $75.0 million revolving
credit facility, which we have not drawn upon as of December 31, 2017 and which matures on March 27, 2018. These instruments are
outlined below (in thousands):
Name
Date Established
Maturity
Total Debt
Outstanding
Interest Rate at
December 31, 2017
Coupon Structure
Trust preferred securities
Pinnacle Statutory Trust I
Pinnacle Statutory Trust II
December 29, 2003 December 30, 2033 $
September 15, 2005 September 30, 2035
Pinnacle Statutory Trust III
September 7, 2006 September 30, 2036
Pinnacle Statutory Trust IV
October 31, 2007
September 30, 2037
BNC Capital Trust I
BNC Capital Trust II
BNC Capital Trust III
BNC Capital Trust IV
Valley Financial Trust I
Valley Financial Trust II
April 3, 2003
April 15, 2033
March 11, 2004
April 7, 2034
September 23, 2004 September 23, 2034
September 27, 2006 December 31, 2036
August 5, 2005
September 30, 2035
June 6, 2003
June 26, 2033
Valley Financial Trust III
September 26, 2005 December 15, 2035
Southcoast Capital Trust III
December 15, 2006
January 30, 2037
Subordinated Debt
Pinnacle Bank Subordinated Notes
July 30, 2015
July 30, 2025
Pinnacle Bank Subordinated Notes
March 10, 2016
July 30, 2025
Avenue Subordinated Notes
December 29, 2014 December 29, 2024
Pinnacle Financial Subordinated Notes November 16, 2016 November 16, 2026
BNC Subordinated Notes
BNC Subordinated Note
September 25, 2014
October 1, 2024
October 15, 2013
October 15, 2023
10,310
20,619
20,619
30,928
5,155
6,186
5,155
7,217
4,124
7,217
5,155
10,310
60,000
70,000
20,000
120,000
60,000
10,500
Other Borrowings
Revolving credit facility(6)
Debt issuance costs and fair value adjustment
March 29, 2016
Total subordinated debt and other borrowings
March 27, 2018
—
(7,990)
$
465,505
4.40% 30-day LIBOR + 2.80%
3.09% 30-day LIBOR + 1.40%
3.34% 30-day LIBOR + 1.65%
4.44% 30-day LIBOR + 2.85%
4.61% 30-day LIBOR + 3.25%
4.21% 30-day LIBOR + 2.85%
3.76% 30-day LIBOR + 2.40%
3.39% 30-day LIBOR + 1.70%
4.77% 30-day LIBOR + 3.10%
3.08% 30-day LIBOR + 1.49%
3.11% 30-day LIBOR + 1.73%
3.19% 30-day LIBOR + 1.50%
4.88%
4.88%
6.75%
5.25%
Fixed(1)
Fixed(1)
Fixed(2)
Fixed(3)
Fixed(4)
5.50%
6.35% 30-day LIBOR + 5.0%(5)
(1) Migrates to three month LIBOR + 3.128% beginning July 30, 2020 through the end of the term.
(2) Migrates to three month LIBOR + 4.95% beginning January 1, 2020 through the end of the term.
(3) Migrates to three month LIBOR + 3.884% beginning November 16, 2021 through the end of the term.
(4) Migrates to three month LIBOR + 3.59% beginning October 1, 2019 through the end of the term if not redeemed on that date.
(5) Coupon structure includes a floor of 5.0% and a cap of 9.5%.
(6) Borrowing capacity on the revolving credit facility is $75.0 million. At December 31, 2017, there was no outstanding balance under this
facility. The rate under this facility is 2.25% plus the greater of zero percent and 30-day LIBOR with a maturity date of March 27, 2018 and
an unused fee of 0.35% of average daily unused amount of loan.
Following the Merger with BNC, Pinnacle Financial's total assets were in excess of $15.0 billion as a result of the acquisition of BNC,
which caused the subordinated debentures Pinnacle Financial and BNC issued to cease to qualify as Tier 1 capital under applicable banking
regulations. Though these securities no longer qualify as Tier 1 capital, Pinnacle Financial believes these subordinated debentures continue
to qualify as Tier 2 capital.
In January 2017, we completed the public offering of 3.22 million shares of our common stock in a transaction that resulted in net proceeds
to us, after deducing underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated other expenses payable by us, of $191.2 million. We have
contributed $185.0 million of these net proceeds to our bank subsidiary.
64
Capital Resources. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, our stockholders' equity amounted to $3.7 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively.
Approximately $1.8 billion of this increase is attributable to shares of Pinnacle Financial Common Stock issued upon our acquisition of
BNC. At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Bank's common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 10.3%, Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio
was 10.3%, total risk-based capital ratio was 11.3% and Tier 1 leverage ratio was 9.7%, compared to 9.3%, 9.3%, 11.2% and 9.2% at
December 31, 2016, respectively. At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial's common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 9.1%,
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio was 9.1%, total risk-based capital ratio was 12.0% and Tier 1 leverage ratio was 8.6%, compared to 7.9%,
8.6%, 11.9% and 8.6% at December 31, 2016, respectively.
We and our bank subsidiary are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Failure to
meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary, actions by regulators that, if
undertaken, could have a direct material effect on our financial condition or results of operations. Under capital adequacy guidelines and
the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, we and our bank subsidiary must meet specific capital guidelines that involve
quantitative measures of the assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Our
and Pinnacle Bank's capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk
weightings, and other factors.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require us and our bank subsidiary to maintain minimum
amounts and ratios of common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets, total risk-based capital
to risk-weighted assets and of Tier 1 capital to average assets.
The final rules implementing the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision's capital guidelines for U.S. banks (Basel III rules) became
effective for us on January 1, 2015 with full compliance with all of the requirements being phased in over a multi-year schedule, and fully
phased in by January 1, 2019. The minimum capital level requirements applicable to bank holding companies and banks subject to the
rules are: (i) a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 4.5%; (ii) a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6%; (iii) a total risk-based capital ratio
of 8%; and (iv) a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4% for all institutions. The Basel III rules, also establish a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% (to
be phased in over three years) above the regulatory minimum risk-based capital ratios. The capital conservation buffer was phased in
beginning in January 2016 at 0.625% and is increasing each year by a like percentage until fully implemented in January 2019. The net
unrealized gain or loss on available-for-sale securities is not included in computing regulatory capital. Management believes, as
of December 31, 2017, that we had met all capital adequacy requirements to which we are subject.
Dividends. Pursuant to Tennessee banking law, Pinnacle Bank may not, without the prior consent of the TDFI, pay any dividends to us
in a calendar year in excess of the total of its retained net profits for that year plus the retained net profits for the preceding two years. During
the year ended December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Bank paid dividends of $63.1 million to us which was within the limits allowed by the TDFI.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, we paid $35.9 million in dividends to common shareholders. On January 16, 2018 our board
of directors declared a $0.14 quarterly cash dividend to common shareholders of approximately $10.9 million in aggregate that was paid
on February 23, 2018 to common shareholders of record as of the close of business on February 2, 2018. The amount and timing of all
future dividend payments, if any, is subject to board discretion and will depend on our earnings, capital position, financial condition and
other factors, including new regulatory capital requirements, as they become known to us.
Market and Liquidity Risk Management
Our objective is to manage assets and liabilities to provide a satisfactory, consistent level of profitability within the framework of established
liquidity, loan, investment, borrowing, and capital policies. Our Asset Liability Management Committee (ALCO) is charged with the
responsibility of monitoring these policies, which are designed to ensure acceptable composition of asset/liability mix. Two critical areas
of focus for ALCO are interest rate sensitivity and liquidity risk management.
Interest Rate Sensitivity. In the normal course of business, we are exposed to market risk arising from fluctuations in interest rates. ALCO
measures and evaluates the interest rate risk so that we can meet customer demands for various types of loans and deposits. ALCO
determines the most appropriate amounts of on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet items. Measurements which we use to help us manage
interest rate sensitivity include an earnings simulation model and an economic value of equity (EVE) model.
Our interest rate sensitivity modeling incorporates a number of assumptions for both earnings simulation and EVE, including loan and
deposit re-pricing characteristics, the rate of loan prepayments, etc. ALCO periodically reviews these assumptions for accuracy based
on historical data and future expectations. Our ALCO policy requires that the base scenario assumes rates remain flat and is the scenario
to which all others are compared in order to measure the change in net interest income and EVE. Policy limits are applied to the results
of certain modeling scenarios. While the primary policy scenarios focus is on a twelve month time frame, longer time horizons are also
modeled. All policy scenarios assume a static balance sheet, although other scenarios are modeled.
65
Earnings simulation model. We believe interest rate risk is best measured by our earnings simulation modeling. Earning assets, interest-
bearing liabilities and off-balance sheet financial instruments are combined with forecasts of interest rates for the next 12 months and
are combined with other factors in order to produce various earnings simulations. To limit interest rate risk, we have policy guidelines
for our earnings at risk which seek to limit the variance of net interest income in both gradual and instantaneous changes to interest rates.
For changes up or down in rates from management's flat interest rate forecast over the next twelve months, management establishes
policy limits in the decline in net interest income for the following scenarios:
•
•
•
•
-10.0% for gradual change of 400 points; -20.0% instantaneous change of 400 basis points
-7.5% for gradual change of 300 points; -15.0% instantaneous change of 300 basis points
-5.0% for gradual change of 200 points; -10.0% instantaneous change of 200 basis points
-2.5% for gradual change of 100 points; -5.0% instantaneous change of 100 basis points
At December 31, 2017, our earnings simulation model indicated we were in compliance with our policies for both the gradual and
instantaneous interest rate changes.
Economic value of equity . Our EVE model measures the extent that estimated economic values of our assets, liabilities and off-balance
sheet items will change as a result of interest rate changes. Economic values are determined by discounting expected cash flows from
assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet items, which establishes a base case EVE. To help limit interest rate risk, we have stated policy
guidelines for an instantaneous basis point change in interest rates, in the following scenarios:
•
•
•
•
+/- 400 basis point change in interest rates; EVE shall not decrease by more than 40 percent
+/- 300 basis point change in interest rates; EVE shall not decrease by more than 30 percent
+/- 200 basis point change in interest rates; EVE shall not decrease by more than 20 percent
+/- 100 basis point change in interest rates; EVE shall not decrease by more than 10 percent
At December 31, 2017, our EVE model indicated we were in compliance with our policies for the scenarios noted above. However, our
policies provide that during certain interest rate cycles, the down basis point rate changes may not be particularly significant given the
current slope of the yield curve. Accordingly, we have currently suspended the calculation of the down rate scenarios for EVE measurement
for the down 300 and down 400 scenarios.
We also analyze a most-likely earnings simulation scenario that projects the expected change in rates based on a forward yield curve
adopted by management using expected balance sheet volumes forecasted by management. Separate growth assumptions are developed
for loans, investments, deposits, etc. Other interest rate scenarios analyzed by management may include delayed rate shocks, yield curve
steepening or flattening, or other variations in rate movements to further analyze or stress our balance sheet under various interest rate
scenarios.
Each of the above analyses may not, on its own, be an accurate indicator of how our net interest income will be affected by changes in
interest rates. Income associated with interest-earning assets and costs associated with interest-bearing liabilities may not be affected
uniformly by changes in interest rates. In addition, the magnitude and duration of changes in interest rates may have a significant impact
on net interest income. For example, although certain assets and liabilities may have similar maturities or periods of repricing, they may
react in different degrees to changes in market interest rates. Interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities fluctuate in advance
of changes in general market rates, while interest rates on other types may lag behind changes in general market rates. In addition, certain
assets, such as adjustable rate mortgage loans, have features (generally referred to as interest rate caps and floors) which limit changes
in interest rates. Prepayment and early withdrawal levels also could deviate significantly from those assumed in calculating the maturity
of certain instruments. The ability of many borrowers to service their debts also may decrease during periods of rising interest rates.
ALCO reviews each of the above interest rate sensitivity analyses along with several different interest rate scenarios as part of its
responsibility to provide a satisfactory, consistent level of profitability within the framework of established liquidity, loan, investment,
borrowing, and capital policies.
We may also use derivative financial instruments to improve the balance between interest-sensitive assets and interest-sensitive liabilities
as one tool to manage our interest rate sensitivity while continuing to meet the credit and deposit needs of our customers. We may also
enter into interest rate swaps to facilitate customer transactions and meet their financing needs. These swaps qualify as derivatives, even
though they are not designated as hedging instruments.
Based on information gathered from these various modeling scenarios management believes that at December 31, 2017, our balance
sheet would likely be modestly asset sensitive.
66
ALCO may determine that Pinnacle Financial should over time become more or less asset or liability sensitive depending on the underlying
balance sheet circumstances and the firm's conclusions as to anticipated interest rate fluctuations in future periods. At present, ALCO
has determined that its "most likely" rate scenario considers three additional increases in short-term interest rates in 2018. Our "most
likely" rate forecast has been basically consistent for several quarters and is based primarily on information we acquire from a service
which includes a consensus forecast of numerous benchmarks. Over the last several quarters we have taken steps to make our balance
sheet more asset sensitive, which has favorably impacted us in the current rising rate environment and should continue to positively
impact our results with additional rate increases unless we are unable to hold our funding costs at levels that don't eliminate the positive
impact to interest income of these rising rates. However, BNC’s balance sheet was less asset sensitive which neutralizes some, if not
most, of the impact of those steps. Nonetheless we have implemented and may implement additional actions designed to achieve our
desired sensitivity position.
Liquidity Risk Management. The purpose of liquidity risk management is to ensure that there are sufficient cash flows to satisfy loan
demand, deposit withdrawals, and our other needs. Traditional sources of liquidity for a bank include asset maturities and growth in core
deposits. A bank may achieve its desired liquidity objectives from the management of its assets and liabilities and by internally generated
funding through its operations. Funds invested in marketable instruments that can be readily sold and the continuous maturing of other
earning assets are sources of liquidity from an asset perspective. The liability base provides sources of liquidity through attraction of
increased deposits and borrowing funds from various other institutions.
To assist in determining the adequacy of our liquidity, we perform a variety of liquidity stress tests including idiosyncratic, systemic and
combined scenarios for both moderate and severe events. Liquidity is defined as the ability to convert assets into cash or cash equivalents
without significant loss and to raise additional funds by increasing liabilities. Liquidity management involves maintaining our ability to
meet the daily cash flow requirements of our customers, both depositors and borrowers. We seek to maintain a sufficiently liquid asset
balance to ensure our ability to meet our obligations. The amount of the appropriate minimum liquid asset balance is determined through
severe liquidity stress testing as measured by our liquidity coverage ratio calculation. At December 31, 2017, we were in compliance with
our liquidity coverage ratio.
Changes in interest rates also affect our liquidity position. We currently price deposits in response to market rates, and our management
intends to continue this policy. If deposits are not priced in response to market rates, a loss of deposits could occur which would negatively
affect our liquidity position.
Scheduled loan payments are a relatively stable source of funds, but loan payoffs and deposit flows fluctuate significantly, being influenced
by interest rates, general economic conditions and competition. Additionally, debt security investments are subject to prepayment and
call provisions that could accelerate their payoff prior to stated maturity. We attempt to price our deposit products to meet our asset/
liability objectives consistent with local market conditions. Our ALCO is responsible for monitoring our ongoing liquidity needs. Our
regulators also monitor our liquidity and capital resources on a periodic basis.
As noted previously, Pinnacle Bank is a member of the FHLB Cincinnati and, pursuant to a borrowing agreement with the FHLB Cincinnati,
has pledged certain assets pursuant to a blanket lien. As such, Pinnacle Bank may use the FHLB Cincinnati as a source of liquidity
depending on the firm's ALCO strategies. Additionally, we may pledge additional qualifying assets or reduce the amount of pledged
assets with the FHLB Cincinnati to increase or decrease our borrowing capacity at the FHLB Cincinnati. At December 31, 2017, we
believe we had an estimated $1.5 billion in additional borrowing capacity with the FHLB Cincinnati. However, incremental borrowings
are made via a formal request by Pinnacle Bank and the subsequent approval by the FHLB Cincinnati.
Pinnacle Bank also has accommodations with upstream correspondent banks for unsecured short-term advances which aggregate $160.0
million. These accommodations have various covenants related to their term and availability, and in most cases must be repaid within
less than a month. There were no outstanding borrowings under these agreements at December 31, 2017, or during the year then ended
under such agreements, although we test the availability of these accommodations annually. Pinnacle Bank also has approximately $2.6
billion in available Federal Reserve discount window lines of credit.
At December 31, 2017, we had $1.2 billion in brokered deposit compared to $116.7 million in brokered deposits at December 31, 2016.
Historically, we have issued brokered certificates through several different brokerage houses based on competitive bid. Through the
Avenue acquisition, we acquired non-reciprocal time deposits issued through the CDARS network. We also obtained $50 million in non-
reciprocal insured cash sweep deposits under a two-year $200 million agreement. Through the BNC acquisition, we acquired $288 million
in non-reciprocal insured cash sweep deposits under various multi-year agreements. Typically, these funds have been for varying maturities
of up to two years and were issued at rates which were competitive to rates that we would be required to pay to attract similar deposits
within our local markets as well as rates for FHLB advances of similar maturities.
67
Industry regulators have defined additional liquidity guidelines, through the issuance of the Basel III Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR)
and the Modified LCR, for banking institutions greater than $250 billion in assets, and $50 billion in assets respectively, in the United
States. These regulatory guidelines became effective January 2015 with phase in over subsequent years and will require these large
institutions to follow prescriptive guidance in determining an absolute level of a high quality liquid asset (HQLA) buffer that must be
maintained on their balance sheets in order to withstand a potential liquidity crisis event. Although Pinnacle Financial follows the principles
outlined in the Interagency Policy Statement on Liquidity Risk Management, issued March 2010, to determine its HQLA buffer, Pinnacle
Financial is not currently subject to these regulations. However, these formulas could eventually be imposed on smaller banks, such as
Pinnacle Bank, and require an increase in the absolute level of liquidity on our balance sheet, which could result in lower net interest
margins for us in future periods.
At December 31, 2017, we had no significant commitments for capital expenditures. However, we expect to expand our footprint by
one location in each of the Knoxville, Chattanooga and Memphis markets annually. In future periods, these expansions may lead to higher
equipment and occupancy expenses as well as related increases in salaries and benefits expense. There are no current plans to expand
our branch distribution in the Carolinas and Virginia.
Our short-term borrowings (borrowings which mature within the next fiscal year) consist primarily of securities sold under agreements
to repurchase (these agreements are typically associated with comprehensive treasury management programs for our clients and provide
them with short-term returns on their excess funds) and FHLB Cincinnati advances. Information concerning our short-term borrowings
as of and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2017 is as follows (in thousands):
Amounts outstanding at year-end:
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
Federal funds purchased
Federal Home Loan Bank short-term advances
Weighted average interest rates at year-end:
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
Federal funds purchased
Federal Home Loan Bank short-term advances
Maximum amount of borrowings at any month-end:
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
Federal funds purchased
Federal Home Loan Bank short-term advances
Average balances for the year:
Federal funds purchased
Federal Home Loan Bank short-term advances
Weighted average interest rates for the year:
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
Federal funds purchased
Federal Home Loan Bank short-term advances
At December 31,
2017
2016
2015
$
135,262
$
85,706
$
—
557,501
—
392,000
79,084
—
280,000
0.35%
—
1.46%
0.22%
—
0.79%
0.21%
—
0.49%
$
205,008
$
92,941
$
50,000
1,011,500
2,567
763,000
1,189
528,042
1,219
489,333
81,246
—
620,000
68,037
606
224,583
0.36%
1.02%
1.22%
0.24%
0.98%
0.62%
0.20%
0.81%
0.23%
68
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
$
115,573
$
75,950
$
The following table presents additional information about our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2017, which by their terms
have contractual maturity and termination dates subsequent to December 31, 2017 (in thousands):
Contractual obligations:
Certificates of deposit (1)
At December 31, 2017
Next 12
months
13-36
months
37-60 months
More than 60
months
Totals
$
1,850,523
$
568,198
$
112,998
$
2,342
$
2,534,061
Deposits without a stated maturity (2)
13,917,641
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase (1)
Federal Home Loan Bank advances (1)
Junior subordinated debentures (3)
Subordinated notes (4)
Minimum operating lease commitments
Capital lease obligations
Totals
135,262
557,501
5,059
18,075
12,226
426
—
—
—
—
628,627
133,750
10,132
36,184
22,484
940
10,118
36,104
19,081
940
—
—
17
199,392
389,770
48,106
3,028
13,917,641
135,262
1,319,895
224,701
480,133
101,897
5,334
$
16,496,713
$
1,266,565
$
312,991
$
642,655
$
18,718,924
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Includes unpaid interest through the contractual maturity on both fixed and variable rate obligations. The interest included on variable rate
obligations is based on interest rates in effect at December 31, 2017.
Including interest accrued and unpaid through December 31, 2017.
Due to the uncertainty of future interest rates on borrowings under Pinnacle Financial's junior subordinated debentures issued in connection
with trust preferred securities sold by affiliated trusts future interest payments on such obligations are not included in the above table. At
December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial had junior subordinated debentures of approximately $133.0 million outstanding. See Note 11 "Other
Borrowings" to Pinnacle Financial's consolidated financial statements for further information on the amounts of interest paid on such debentures.
Represents interest and principal payments at maturity on Pinnacle Financial's $340.5 million in aggregate principal amount of subordinated
notes outstanding. See Note 11 "Other Borrowings" to Pinnacle's consolidated financial statements for further information on the amounts of
interest paid on such notes.
Our management believes that we have adequate liquidity to meet all known contractual obligations and unfunded commitments,
including loan commitments and reasonable borrower, depositor, and creditor requirements over the next twelve months. Our
operating lease commitments are primarily related to our branch and headquarters facilities. The terms of these leases expire at various
points ranging from 2018 through 2048. At December 31, 2017, our total minimum operating lease commitment was $101.9 million.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. At December 31, 2017, we had outstanding standby letters of credit of $143.7 million and unfunded
loan commitments outstanding of $5.8 billion. Because these commitments generally have fixed expiration dates and many will expire
without being drawn upon, the total commitment level does not necessarily represent future cash requirements. If needed to fund these
outstanding commitments, Pinnacle Bank has the ability to liquidate Federal funds sold or securities available-for-sale, or on a short-
term basis to borrow and purchase Federal funds from other financial institutions. The following table presents additional information
about our unfunded commitments as of December 31, 2017, which by their terms, have contractual maturity dates subsequent to December
31, 2017 (in thousands):
Unfunded commitments:
Lines of credit
Letters of credit
Totals
At December 31, 2017
Next 12
months
13-36 months
37-60 months
More than 60
months
Totals
$
$
1,896,309
132,138
2,028,447
$
$
1,470,397
10,418
1,480,815
$
$
1,205,907
1,029
1,206,936
$
$
1,215,813
100
1,215,913
$
$
5,788,426
143,685
5,932,111
We follow the same credit policies and underwriting practices when making these commitments as we do for on-balance sheet
instruments. Each customer's creditworthiness is evaluated on a case-by-case basis and the amount of collateral obtained, if any, is
based on management's credit evaluation of the customer. However, should the commitments be drawn upon and should our
customers default on their resulting obligation to us, our maximum exposure to credit loss, without consideration of collateral, is
represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. At December 31, 2017, we had accrued $3.1 million for the inherent risks
associated with off balance sheet commitments.
69
Impact of Inflation
The consolidated financial statements and related consolidated financial data presented herein have been prepared in accordance with
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and practices within the banking industry which require the measurement of financial
position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the changes in the relative purchasing power of money
over time due to inflation. Unlike most industrial companies, virtually all the assets and liabilities of a financial institution are monetary
in nature. As a result, interest rates have a more significant impact on a financial institution's performance than the effects of general
levels of inflation.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance to Accounting Standards Update, 2016-09 Stock Compensation Improvements to
Employee Share-Based Payment Activity (ASU 2016-09) intended to simplify and improve several aspects of the accounting for share-
based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of such awards as either equity or liabilities and
classification of such awards on the statement of cash flows. This Accounting Standards Update (ASU) impacted Pinnacle Financial's
consolidated financial statements by requiring that all income tax effects related to settlements of share-based payment awards be reported
as increases (or decreases) to income tax expense. Previously, income tax benefits at settlement of an award were reported as an increase
(or decrease) to additional paid-in capital. The ASU also requires that all income tax related cash flows resulting from share-based
payments be reported as operating activities in the statement of cash flows whereas these cash flows were previously reported as a
reduction to operating cash flows and an increase to financing cash flows. The guidance became effective for Pinnacle Financial on
January 1, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the newly adopted standard resulted in a reduction in tax expense of $5.4
million.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic
220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. The amendments in this ASU addressed
the income tax accounting treatment of the stranded tax effects within other comprehensive income due to the newly enacted federal
corporate tax rate included in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act issued December 22, 2017. These amendments allow an entity to make a
reclassification from other comprehensive income to retained earnings for the difference between the historical corporate income tax rate
and the newly enacted corporate income tax rate. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018,
including interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted with retrospective application. Pinnacle Financial is currently
evaluating the impact of the new guidance on its consolidated financial statements, but does not expect it to have a material impact.
In August 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to
Accounting for Hedging Activities. The amendments in this ASU makes more financial and non-financial hedging strategies eligible for
hedge accounting. It also amends the presentation and disclosure requirements and changes how companies assess effectiveness. The
amendments will be effective for the Company for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is
permitted. Pinnacle Financial is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
In March 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-08, Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic
310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities. The amendment in this ASU shortens the amortization period(cid:3)
for certain callable debt securities held at a premium to the earliest call date. The amendment does not require an accounting change for(cid:3)
securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning(cid:3)
after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those periods. Early adoption is permitted with modified retrospective(cid:3)
application. Pinnacle Financial is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on its consolidated financial statements, but does(cid:3)
not expect it to have a material impact.
In January 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying
the Test for Goodwill Impairment to simplify how entities other than private companies, such as public business entities and not-for-profit
entities, are required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating the comparison of the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill
with the carrying amount of that goodwill. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including
interim periods within those periods. If this standard had been effective for the year ended December 31, 2017, there would have been
no impact on Pinnacle Financial's consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition
of a Business. The amendment in this ASU clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities
with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) or assets or businesses. The amendments are
effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. If this standard had been
effective for the year ended December 31, 2017, there would have been no impact on Pinnacle Financial's consolidated financial statements.
70
In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-02, Leases guidance requiring the recognition in the statement
of financial position of lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous GAAP.
The guidance requires that a lessee should recognize lease assets and lease liabilities as compared to previous GAAP that did not require
lease assets and lease liabilities to be recognized for most leases. The guidance becomes effective for us on January 1, 2019. If this
standard was effective as of the date of the financial statements included in this report, Pinnacle Financial would have recorded a right
of use asset and liability in an amount similar to its current future minimum lease obligations as shown in Note 8. Premises and Equipment
and Lease Commitments.
In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: Measurement of Credit
Losses on Financial Instruments (the ASU), which introduces the current expected credit losses methodology. Among other things, the
ASU requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets, including loans and available-for-sale debt securities,
held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the
collectability of the reported amount. The new model will require institutions to calculate all probable and estimable losses that are
expected to be incurred through the loan's entire life. ASU 2016-13 also requires the allowance for credit losses for purchased financial
assets with credit deterioration since origination to be determined in a manner similar to that of other financial assets measured at amortized
cost; however, the initial allowance will be added to the purchase price rather than recorded as credit loss expense. The disclosure of
credit quality indicators related to the amortized cost of financing receivables will be further disaggregated by year of origination (or
vintage). Institutions are to apply the changes through a cumulative-effect adjustment to their retained earnings as of the beginning of
the first reporting period in which the standard is effective. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
2019. Early application will be permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Pinnacle Financial is currently assessing
the impact of the new guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) intended to reduce the
diversity in practice around how certain transactions are classified within the statement of cash flows. The guidance is effective for public
companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is
permitted with retrospective application. Pinnacle Financial does not expect this standard will have a material impact on the financials,
with the exception of dividends received from our equity method investments which will be reclassified as a cash flow from investments
to operating cash flows beginning in the first quarter of 2018.
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606 ) developed
as a joint project with the International Accounting Standards Board to remove inconsistencies in revenue requirements and provide a
more robust framework for addressing revenue issues. The ASU's core principle is that an entity should recognize revenue when it transfers
promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange
for those goods or services. In August 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2015-14, which deferred the effective date
by one year (i.e., interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017). Early adoption is permitted, but not before
the original effective date (i.e., interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016). The ASU may be adopted using
either a modified retrospective method or a full retrospective method. Pinnacle Financial adopted the ASU during the first quarter of
2018, as required, using a modified retrospective approach. The majority of Pinnacle Financial's revenue stream is generated from financial
instruments which are not within the scope of this ASU. However, Pinnacle Financial has evaluated the impact for other fee-based income
and has concluded that this standard will not materially impact its financial statements.
Other than those pronouncements discussed above and those which have been recently adopted, we do not believe there were any other
recently issued accounting pronouncements that are expected to materially impact Pinnacle Financial.
71
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The response to this Item is included in Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations", on pages 40 through 71 and is incorporated herein by reference.
72
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Financial Statements
Table of Contents
Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
2017 and 2016 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – Financial Statements
2015 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – Financial Statements
2017 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm – Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Consolidated Financial Statements:
Consolidated balance sheets
Consolidated statements of income
Consolidated statements of comprehensive income
Consolidated statements of stockholders' equity
Consolidated statements of cash flows
Notes to consolidated financial statements
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
73
MANAGEMENT REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
The management of Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. (the "Company") is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal
control over financial reporting. The Company's internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company's
management and board of directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements. All internal control
systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide
only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.
The Company's management assessed the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2017. In making this assessment, it used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission
(COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013).
Based on our assessment we believe that, as of December 31, 2017, the Company's internal control over financial reporting is effective
based on those criteria.
The Company's independent registered public accounting firm has issued an audit report on the Company's internal control over financial
reporting. This report appears on page 76 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
74
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Stockholders and the Board of Directors of
Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.
Nashville, Tennessee
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company")
as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash
flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial
statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of
December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December
31, 2017, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”),
the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control -
Integrated Framework: (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) and our
report dated February 28, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the
Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the
U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our
audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or
fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits
provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ Crowe Horwath LLP
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2016.
Franklin, Tennessee
February 28, 2018
75
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.:
We have audited the consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year
ended December 31, 2015. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.’s
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as
evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the results of Pinnacle
Financial Partners, Inc.’s operations and their cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2015, in conformity with U.S. generally
accepted accounting principles.
Nashville, Tennessee
February 29, 2016
/s/ KPMG LLP
76
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Stockholders and the Board of Directors of
Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.
Nashville, Tennessee
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.’s (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017,
based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework: (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations
of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework: (2013) issued by
COSO.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”),
the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the related consolidated statements of income,
comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2017, and
the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements") and our report dated February 28, 2018 expressed an unqualified
opinion.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of
the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management Report on Internal Control Over
Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our
audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB")
and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our
audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing
the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the
assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations
of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of
unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections
of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Crowe Horwath LLP
Franklin, Tennessee
February 28, 2018
77
PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
ASSETS
Cash and noninterest-bearing due from banks
Interest-bearing due from banks
Federal funds sold and other
Cash and cash equivalents
$
December 31,
$
2017
176,553,466
496,911,376
106,132,455
779,597,297
2016
84,732,291
97,529,713
1,383,416
183,645,420
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value
Securities held-to-maturity (fair value of $20,829,978 and $25,233,254 at December 31,
2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)
Mortgage loans held-for-sale
Commercial loans held-for-sale
2,515,283,219
1,298,546,056
20,762,303
103,728,658
25,456,141
25,251,316
47,710,120
22,587,971
Loans
Less allowance for loan losses
Loans, net
Premises and equipment, net
Equity method investment
Accrued interest receivable
Goodwill
Core deposits and other intangible assets
Other real estate owned
Other assets
Total assets
Deposits:
Non-interest-bearing
Interest-bearing
Savings and money market accounts
Time
Total deposits
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
Subordinated debt and other borrowings
Accrued interest payable
Other liabilities
Total liabilities
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, no par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and
outstanding
Common stock, par value $1.00; 90,000,000 shares authorized; 77,739,636 and 46,359,377
issued and outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 2016
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes
Total stockholders' equity
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
15,633,116,029
(67,240,094)
15,565,875,935
8,449,924,736
(58,980,475)
8,390,944,261
266,013,608
221,667,490
57,439,656
1,808,001,781
56,710,268
27,830,824
757,332,667
$ 22,205,699,847
88,904,145
205,359,844
28,234,826
551,593,796
15,104,038
6,089,804
330,651,002
$ 11,194,622,599
$ 4,381,386,246
2,987,290,844
6,548,964,272
2,534,060,910
16,451,702,272
135,262,140
1,319,908,629
465,504,589
10,480,426
114,889,760
18,497,747,816
$ 2,399,191,152
1,808,331,784
3,714,930,351
836,853,761
8,759,307,048
85,706,558
406,304,187
350,768,050
5,573,377
90,267,267
9,697,926,487
—
—
77,739,636
3,115,303,675
519,144,543
(4,235,823)
3,707,952,031
$ 22,205,699,847
46,359,377
1,083,490,728
381,072,505
(14,226,498)
1,496,696,112
$ 11,194,622,599
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
78
PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
For the years ended December 31,
2016
2015
2017
Interest income:
Loans, including fees
Securities:
Taxable
Tax-exempt
Federal funds sold and other
Total interest income
Interest expense:
Deposits
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings
Total interest expense
Net interest income
Provision for loan losses
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
Noninterest income:
Service charges on deposit accounts
Investment services
Insurance sales commissions
Gains on mortgage loans sold, net
Investment gains (losses) on sales, net
Trust fees
Income from equity method investment
Other noninterest income
Total noninterest income
Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits
Equipment and occupancy
Other real estate expense (benefit), net
Marketing and other business development
Postage and supplies
Amortization of intangibles
Merger related expenses
Other noninterest expense
Total noninterest expense
Income before income taxes
Income tax expense
Net income
Per share information:
Basic net income per common share
Diluted net income per common share
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic
Diluted
$ 578,286,155
$ 335,734,531
$ 232,847,334
39,060,195
13,711,759
5,080,140
636,138,249
19,179,012
6,014,037
2,681,348
363,608,928
15,060,392
5,783,443
1,478,711
255,169,880
59,583,527
405,837
32,841,874
92,831,238
543,307,011
23,663,944
519,643,067
20,032,979
14,315,228
7,404,928
18,624,621
(8,264,639)
8,663,590
37,957,692
46,168,416
144,902,815
23,917,318
185,305
14,512,024
38,614,647
324,994,281
18,328,058
306,666,223
14,500,679
10,757,348
5,309,494
15,754,473
395,186
6,328,021
31,402,923
36,554,938
121,003,062
209,661,812
54,091,964
1,079,193
8,321,073
5,735,716
8,815,609
31,843,413
47,011,079
366,559,859
297,986,023
124,006,536
$ 173,979,487
140,818,772
35,071,654
395,561
6,536,484
3,929,323
4,281,459
11,746,584
33,505,586
236,285,423
191,383,862
64,159,167
$ 127,224,695
$
$
2.73
2.70
$
$
2.96
2.91
$
$
$
13,209,425
138,347
5,189,193
18,536,965
236,632,915
9,188,497
227,444,418
12,745,742
9,971,313
4,824,007
7,668,960
552,063
5,461,257
20,591,484
24,715,442
86,530,268
105,928,914
27,241,477
(305,956)
4,863,307
3,228,300
1,973,953
4,797,018
23,149,743
170,876,756
143,097,930
47,588,528
95,509,402
2.58
2.52
63,760,578
64,328,189
43,037,083
43,731,992
37,015,468
37,973,788
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
79
PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Net income:
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Year Ended December 31,
2017
2016
2015
$ 173,979,487
$ 127,224,695
$
95,509,402
Changes in fair value on available-for-sale securities, net of tax
Changes in fair value of cash flow hedges, net of tax
Net loss (gain) on sale of investment securities reclassified from other
comprehensive income into net income, net of tax
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Total comprehensive income
2,828,551
2,139,703
(9,700,933)
(800,188)
(5,582,965)
(1,725,136)
5,022,421
9,990,675
$ 183,970,162
(240,155)
(10,741,276)
$ 116,483,419
$
(335,489)
(7,643,590)
87,865,812
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
80
PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
For the each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2017
Common Stock
Shares
Amount
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Total
Stockholders'
Equity
December 31, 2014
35,732,483 $ 35,732,483 $
561,431,449 $ 201,371,081 $
4,158,368 $ 802,693,381
Restricted shares withheld for taxes
(65,851)
(65,851)
40,906,064 $ 40,906,064 $
839,617,050 $ 278,573,408 $
(3,485,222) $ 1,155,611,300
—
(7,643,590)
(7,643,590)
Exercise of employee common stock options, stock
appreciation rights and related tax benefits
Common dividends paid
Issuance of restricted common shares, net of
forfeitures
Common stock issued in conjunction with
CapitalMark acquisition, net of issuance costs
Common stock issued in conjunction with Magna
acquisition, net of issuance costs
Compensation expense for restricted shares
Net income
Other comprehensive loss
December 31, 2015
Exercise of employee common stock options, stock
appreciation rights and related tax benefits
Common dividends paid
Issuance of restricted common shares, net of
forfeitures
Common stock issued in conjunction with BHG,
net of issuance costs
Common stock issued in conjunction with Avenue
acquisition, net of issuance costs
Compensation expense for restricted shares
Net income
Other comprehensive loss
December 31, 2016
Exercise of employee common stock options, stock
appreciation rights and related tax benefits
Common dividends paid
Issuance of restricted common shares, net of
forfeitures
Issuance of common equity
Common stock issued in conjunction with BNC
acquisition, net of issuance costs
Compensation expense for restricted shares
Net income
Other comprehensive income
December 31, 2017
304,313
304,313
7,187,629
—
—
—
— (18,307,075)
257,218
257,218
(257,218)
3,306,184
3,306,184
202,648,875
1,371,717
1,371,717
62,166,214
—
—
—
—
—
—
(901,502)
7,341,603
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
95,509,402
699,810
699,810
16,736,365
—
—
—
— (24,725,598)
200,098
200,098
(200,098)
860,470
860,470
38,833,566
3,760,326
3,760,326
178,708,278
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
7,491,942
(18,307,075)
—
205,955,059
63,537,931
(967,353)
7,341,603
95,509,402
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
17,436,175
(24,725,598)
—
39,694,036
182,468,604
(1,242,673)
10,970,849
127,224,695
—
—
—
—
5,484,622
(35,907,449)
—
192,193,750
— 1,850,968,026
—
—
—
(4,991,275)
19,538,083
173,979,487
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Restricted shares withheld for taxes
(67,391)
(67,391)
(1,175,282)
—
—
—
—
—
—
10,970,849
— 127,224,695
—
—
(10,741,276)
(10,741,276)
46,359,377 $ 46,359,377 $ 1,083,490,728 $ 381,072,505 $
(14,226,498) $ 1,496,696,112
275,431
275,431
5,209,191
—
—
—
— (35,907,449)
271,602
271,602
(271,602)
3,220,000
3,220,000
188,973,750
27,687,100
27,687,100
1,823,280,926
Restricted shares withheld for taxes
(73,874)
(73,874)
(4,917,401)
—
—
—
—
—
—
19,538,083
— 173,979,487
—
—
9,990,675
9,990,675
77,739,636 $ 77,739,636 $ 3,115,303,675 $ 519,144,543 $
(4,235,823) $ 3,707,952,031
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
81
PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Operating activities:
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net amortization/accretion of premium/discount on securities
Depreciation, amortization and accretion
Provision for loan losses
Gains on mortgage loans sold, net
Investment losses (gains) on sales, net
Stock-based compensation expense
Deferred tax expense
Revaluation of deferred tax assets and liabilities
Losses (gains) on disposition of other real estate and other investments
Income from equity method investment
Excess tax benefit from stock compensation
Gains on other loans sold, net
Other loans held for sale originated
Other loans held for sale sold
Mortgage loans held for sale originated
Mortgage loans held for sale sold
Increase in other assets
(Decrease) increase in other liabilities
Net cash provided by operating activities
Investing activities:
Activities in securities available-for-sale:
Purchases
Sales
Maturities, prepayments and calls
Activities in securities held-to-maturity:
Purchases
Maturities, prepayments and calls
Increase in loans, net
Purchases of premises and equipment and software
Purchase of BOLI
Proceeds from sales of software, premises, and equipment
Proceeds from sale of mortgage servicing rights
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
Increase in equity method investment
Dividends received from equity method investment
Increase in other investments
Net cash used in investing activities
Financing activities:
Net increase in deposits
Net increase (decrease) in repurchase agreements
Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank:
Issuances
Payments
Proceeds from subordinated debt and other borrowings, net of issuance costs
Repayment of other borrowings
Principal payments of capital lease obligation
Proceeds from common stock issuance
Exercise of common stock options and stock appreciation rights, net of shares surrendered for
taxes
Excess tax benefit from stock compensation
Common dividends paid
Net cash provided by financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
For the years ended December 31,
2016
2015
2017
$
173,979,487
$
127,224,695
$
95,509,402
12,846,572
(23,618,474)
23,663,944
(18,624,621)
8,264,639
19,538,083
28,164,871
31,485,672
(202,980)
(37,957,692)
(5,365,493)
(1,488,140)
(177,433,682)
176,062,619
(1,100,866,370)
1,090,489,558
(33,297,361)
(17,699,526)
147,941,106
(1,290,716,532)
363,898,141
323,235,144
—
4,115,000
(1,558,646,425)
(53,498,776)
(55,000,000)
23,038
—
155,141,674
—
21,650,046
(7,804,237)
(2,097,602,927)
8,630,048
16,995,490
18,328,058
(15,754,473)
(395,186)
10,970,849
14,390,035
—
140,992
(31,402,923)
(4,604,007)
(885,320)
(112,669,589)
90,966,938
(784,213,817)
803,498,453
(17,411,223)
2,829,656
126,638,676
(583,330,035)
72,829,440
280,805,769
(560,000)
6,200,000
(966,207,993)
(17,058,292)
—
2,187,381
6,747,626
17,608,471
(74,100,000)
28,982,009
(27,508,882)
(1,253,404,506)
5,231,583
10,268,576
9,188,497
(7,668,960)
(552,063)
7,341,603
5,819,463
—
(433,911)
(20,591,484)
(4,116,120)
—
—
—
(524,679,767)
519,134,000
(2,359,490)
(7,487,499)
84,603,830
(342,192,699)
189,029,458
146,441,236
(1,550,995)
8,185,000
(668,297,036)
(10,870,851)
—
782,482
—
5,876,592
(75,440,530)
7,152,000
(1,712,685)
(742,598,028)
1,488,273,894
(12,754,500)
822,306,826
6,622,260
783,352,902
(32,784,245)
1,964,750,001
(1,051,066,604)
—
(220,100)
(148,641)
192,193,750
493,347
—
(35,907,449)
2,545,613,698
595,951,877
183,645,420
779,597,297
$
1,934,000,000
(1,934,093,153)
243,226,783
(74,000,302)
(70,401)
—
11,589,495
4,604,007
(24,725,598)
989,459,917
(137,305,913)
320,951,333
183,645,420
$
1,135,000,000
(1,092,781,984)
59,129,504
(50,290,006)
—
—
3,602,805
4,116,120
(18,307,075)
791,038,021
133,043,823
187,907,510
320,951,333
$
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
82
PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Nature of Business — Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. (Pinnacle Financial) is a bank holding company whose primary business is
conducted by its wholly-owned subsidiary, Pinnacle Bank (Pinnacle Bank). Pinnacle Bank is a commercial bank headquartered in
Nashville, Tennessee. Pinnacle Financial completed its acquisitions of CapitalMark Bank & Trust (CapitalMark), Magna Bank
(Magna), Avenue Financial Holdings, Inc. (Avenue) and BNC Bancorp (BNC) on July 31, 2015, September 1, 2015, July 1, 2016 and
June 16, 2017, respectively. Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank also collectively hold a 49% interest in Bankers Healthcare Group,
LLC (BHG), a full-service commercial loan provider to healthcare and other professional practices. Pinnacle Bank provides a full
range of banking services, including investment, mortgage, and insurance services, and comprehensive wealth management services,
in its 11 primarily urban markets within Tennessee, the Carolinas and Virginia.
Basis of Presentation — These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Pinnacle Financial and its wholly-owned
subsidiaries. Certain statutory trust affiliates of Pinnacle Financial, as noted in Note 11. Other Borrowings are included in these
consolidated financial statements pursuant to the equity method of accounting. Significant intercompany transactions and accounts are
eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates — The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of
contingent assets and liabilities as of the balance sheet dates and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting
periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in
the near term include the determination of the allowance for loan losses, determination of any impairment of intangible assets and the
valuation of deferred tax assets.
Impairment — Long-lived assets, including purchased intangible assets subject to amortization, such as core deposit intangible
assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may
not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to
estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its
estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the
fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the
carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. Pinnacle Financial had $56.7 million and $15.1 million
of long-lived amortizing intangibles at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Goodwill is evaluated for impairment at least annually and more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset
might be impaired. The Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 350, Goodwill and Other, regarding testing goodwill for
impairment provides an entity the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that
the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If an entity does a qualitative assessment and determines that this is
the case, or if a qualitative assessment is not performed, it is required to perform additional goodwill impairment testing to identify
potential goodwill impairment and measure the amount of goodwill impairment loss to be recognized for that reporting unit (if any).
Based on a qualitative assessment, if an entity determines that the fair value of a reporting unit is more than its carrying amount, the
two-step goodwill impairment test is not required. Pinnacle Financial performed its annual assessment as of September 30, 2017. The
results of the qualitative assessment indicated that the fair value of Pinnacle Financial's sole reporting unit was more than its carrying
value, and accordingly, the two-step goodwill impairment test was not performed.
83
Should Pinnacle Financial's common stock price decline or other impairment indicators become known, additional impairment
testing of goodwill may be required. Should it be determined in a future period that the goodwill has become impaired, then a charge
to earnings will be recorded in the period such determination is made. The following table presents activity for goodwill and other
intangible assets (in thousands):
Balance at December 31, 2016
Acquisitions
Amortization
Change in purchase price allocation of previous acquisitions
Other changes (1)
Balance at December 31, 2017
Goodwill
$
551,594
$
1,256,455
—
—
(47)
Core deposit and
other intangible assets
15,104
$
50,422
(8,816)
—
—
Total
566,698
1,306,877
(8,816)
—
(47)
$
1,808,002
$
56,710
$
1,864,712
(1) Represents options exercised related to acquisitions which occurred prior to the adoption of ASC 718-20 Compensation.
The following table presents the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization for the core deposit and other intangible
assets, which are subject to amortization (in thousands):
Gross carrying amount
Accumulated amortization
Net book value
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
$
$
92,787
(36,077)
56,710
$
$
42,365
(27,261)
15,104
Cash Equivalents and Cash Flows — Cash on hand, cash items in process of collection, amounts due from banks, Federal funds
sold, short-term discount notes and securities purchased under agreements to resell, with original maturities within ninety days, are
included in cash and cash equivalents. The following supplemental cash flow information addresses certain cash payments and
noncash transactions for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2017 as follows:
Cash Payments:
Interest
Income taxes paid
Noncash Transactions:
For the years ended December 31,
2017
2016
2015
$
91,628,041
$
37,002,870
$
17,435,292
81,538,510
49,503,637
45,715,968
Loans charged-off to the allowance for loan losses
Loans foreclosed upon with repossessions transferred to other real estate
Loans foreclosed upon with repossessions transferred to other repossessed assets
Other real estate sales financed
22,046,511
6,227,509
645,737
907,931
31,112,118
21,148,034
4,453,060
1,842,318
—
341,342
8,259,368
—
Common stock issued in connection with acquisitions
1,850,968,026
222,162,640
269,492,990
Securities — Securities are classified based on management's intention on the date of purchase. All debt securities classified as
available-for-sale are recorded at fair value with any unrealized gains and losses reported in accumulated other comprehensive income
(loss), net of the deferred income tax effects. Securities that Pinnacle Financial has both the positive intent and ability to hold to
maturity are classified as held-to-maturity and are carried at historical cost and adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of
discounts.
Interest and dividends on securities, including amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts calculated under the effective
interest method, are included in interest income. For certain securities, amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts is
computed based on the anticipated life of the security which may be shorter than the stated life of the security. Realized gains and
losses from the sale of securities are determined using the specific identification method, and are recorded on the trade date of the sale.
84
Other-than-temporary Impairment — A decline in the fair value of any available-for-sale or held-to-maturity security below cost
that is deemed to be other-than-temporary results in a reduction in the carrying amount of the security. To determine whether
impairment is other-than-temporary, management considers whether the entity expects to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the
security by reviewing the present value of the future cash flows associated with the security. The shortfall of the present value of the
cash flows expected to be collected in relation to the amortized cost basis is referred to as a credit loss and is deemed to be other-than-
temporary impairment. If a credit loss is identified, the credit loss is recognized as a charge to earnings and a new cost basis for the
security is established. If management concludes that a decline in fair value of a security is temporary and, a full recovery of principal
and interest is expected and it is not more-likely-than-not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized
cost basis, then the security is not other-than-temporarily impaired and the shortfall is recorded as a component of equity.
Periodically, available-for-sale securities may be sold or the composition of the portfolio realigned to improve yields, quality or
marketability, or to implement changes in investment or asset/liability strategy, including maintaining collateral requirements and
raising funds for liquidity purposes. Additionally, if an available-for-sale security loses its investment grade, tax-exempt status, the
underlying credit support is terminated or collection otherwise becomes uncertain based on factors known to management, Pinnacle
Financial will consider selling the security, but will review each security on a case-by-case basis as these factors become known.
Resultantly, other-than-temporary charges may be incurred as management's intention related to a particular security changes.
The carrying values of Pinnacle Financial's investment securities could decline in the future if the financial condition of the
securities' issuer deteriorates and management determines it is probable that Pinnacle Financial will not recover the entire amortized
cost bases of the securities. As a result, there is a risk that other-than-temporary impairment charges may occur in the future. There is
also a risk that other-than-temporary impairment charges may occur in the future if management's intention to hold these securities to
maturity and or recovery changes.
Loans held-for-sale — Loans originated and intended for sale are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value as determined
on a loan-by-loan basis. Net unrealized losses, if any, are recognized through a valuation allowance by charges to income. Realized
gains and losses are recognized when legal title to the loans has been transferred to the purchaser and sales proceeds have been
received and are reflected in the accompanying consolidated statement of income in gains on mortgage loans sold, net of related costs
such as compensation expenses, for mortgage loans, and as a component of other noninterest income for commercial loans held-for-
sale.
Loans — Pinnacle Financial has five loan segments for financial reporting purposes: commercial and industrial, commercial real
estate mortgage, construction and land development, consumer and other and consumer real estate mortgage. The appropriate
classification is determined based on the underlying collateral utilized to secure each loan. These classifications are consistent with
those utilized in the Quarterly Report of Condition and Income filed by Pinnacle Bank with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
(FDIC).
Loans are reported at their outstanding principal balances, net of the allowance for loan losses and any deferred fees or costs on
originated loans. Interest income on loans is accrued based on the principal balance outstanding. Loan origination fees, net of certain
loan origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment to the related loan yield using a method which approximates the
interest method. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, net deferred loan fees of $7.8 million and $7.6 million respectively, were included
in loans on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
As part of our routine credit monitoring process, commercial loans receive risk ratings by the assigned financial advisor and are
subject to validation by our independent loan review department. Risk ratings are categorized as pass, special mention, substandard,
substandard-nonaccrual or doubtful-nonaccrual. Pinnacle Financial believes that its categories follow those outlined by Pinnacle
Bank's primary federal regulator. At December 31, 2017, approximately 81.4% of Pinnacle Financial's loan portfolio was assigned a
specifically assigned risk rating. Certain consumer loans and commercial relationships that possess certain qualifying characteristics,
including individually smaller balances, are generally not assigned an individual risk rating but are evaluated collectively for credit
risk as a homogeneous pool of loans and individually as either accrual or nonaccrual based on the performance of the loan.
Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when there is a significant deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower, which
generally is the case but is not limited to when the principal or interest is more than 90 days past due, unless the loan is both well-
secured and in the process of collection. All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual status is
reversed against current interest income. Interest income is subsequently recognized only if certain cash payments are received while
the loan is classified as nonaccrual, but interest income recognition is reviewed on a case-by-case basis to determine if the payment
should be applied to interest or principal pursuant to regulatory guidelines. A nonaccrual loan is returned to accruing status once the
loan has been brought current as to principal and interest and collection is reasonably assured or the loan has been well-secured
through other techniques.
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All loans that are placed on nonaccrual status are further analyzed to determine if they should be classified as impaired loans. A
loan is considered to be impaired when it is probable Pinnacle Financial will be unable to collect all principal and interest payments
due in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan. This determination is made using a variety of techniques, which include a
review of the borrower's financial condition, debt-service coverage ratios, global cash flow analysis, guarantor support, other loan file
information, meetings with borrowers, inspection or reappraisal of collateral and/or consultation with legal counsel as well as results
of reviews of other similar industry credits (e.g. builder loans, development loans, church loans, etc.).
Loans are charged off when management believes that the full collectability of the loan is unlikely. As such, a loan may be
partially charged-off after a "confirming event" has occurred which serves to validate that full repayment pursuant to the terms of the
loan is unlikely.
Purchased Loans — Purchased loans, including loans acquired through a merger, are initially recorded at fair value on the date of
purchase. Purchased loans that contain evidence of post-origination credit deterioration as of the purchase date are carried at the net
present value of expected future cash flows. All other purchased loans are recorded at their initial fair value, and adjusted for
subsequent advances, pay downs, amortization or accretion of any fair value premium or discount on purchase, charge-offs and any
other adjustment to carrying value. Pursuant to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), management has up to 12
months following the date of the acquisition to finalize the fair values of acquired assets and assumed liabilities as of the acquisition
date. Once management has finalized the fair values of acquired assets and assumed liabilities within this 12-month period,
management considers such values to be the day 1 fair values (Day 1 Fair Values).
At the time of acquisition, management evaluates all purchased loans using a variety of factors such as current classification or
risk rating, past due status and history as a component of the fair value determination. For those purchased loans without evidence of
credit deterioration, management evaluates each reviewed loan using an internal grading system with a grade assigned to each loan at
the date of acquisition. To the extent that any purchased loan is not specifically reviewed, such loan is assumed to have characteristics
similar to the characteristics of the specifically reviewed acquired portfolio of purchased loans. The grade for each purchased loan
without evidence of credit deterioration is reviewed subsequent to the date of acquisition any time a loan is renewed or extended or at
any time information becomes available to Pinnacle Financial that provides material insight regarding the loan's performance, the
borrower's capacity to repay or the underlying collateral.
In determining the Day 1 Fair Values of purchased loans without evidence of post-origination credit deterioration at the date of
acquisition, management includes (i) no carry over of any previously recorded allowance for loan losses (ALL) and (ii) an adjustment
of the unpaid principal balance to reflect an appropriate market rate of interest and expected loss, given the risk profile and grade
assigned to each loan. This adjustment is accreted into earnings as a yield adjustment, using the effective yield method, over the
remaining life of each loan.
Purchased loans that contain evidence of credit deterioration on the date of purchase are individually evaluated by management
to determine the estimated fair value of each loan. This evaluation includes no carryover of any previously recorded ALL. In
determining the estimated fair value of purchased loans with evidence of credit deterioration, management considers a number of
factors including, among other things, the remaining life of the acquired loans, estimated prepayments, estimated loss ratios, estimated
value of the underlying collateral, estimated holding periods, and net present value of cash flows expected to be received.
In determining the Day 1 Fair Values of purchased loans with evidence of credit deterioration, management calculates a non-
accretable difference (the credit risk component of the purchased loans) and an accretable difference (the yield component of the
purchased loans). The non-accretable difference is the difference between the contractually required payments and the cash flows
expected to be collected in accordance with management's determination of the Day 1 Fair Values. Subsequent increases in expected
cash flows will result in an adjustment to accretable yield, which will have a positive impact on interest income. Subsequent decreases
in expected cash flows will generally result in increased provision for loan losses. Subsequent increases in expected cash flows
following any previous decrease will result in a reversal of the provision for loan losses to the extent of prior charges and then an
adjustment to accretable yield. The accretable difference on purchased loans with evidence of credit deterioration is the difference
between the expected cash flows and the net present value of expected cash flows. Such difference is accreted into earnings using the
effective yield method over the term of the loans. For purchased loans with evidence of credit deterioration for which the expected
cash flows cannot be forecasted, these loans are deemed to be collateral dependent, are recorded at their fair value and are placed on
nonaccrual, with interest payments recorded on a cash basis, as appropriate.
86
Allowance for Loan Losses (allowance) - Pinnacle Financial's management assesses the adequacy of the allowance prior to the
end of each calendar quarter. This assessment includes procedures to estimate the allowance and test the adequacy and appropriateness
of the resulting balance. The level of the allowance is based upon management's evaluation of the loan portfolio, loan loss experience,
asset quality trends, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrowers' ability to repay the
loan (including the timing of future payment), the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio,
economic conditions, industry and peer bank loan quality indications and other pertinent factors, including regulatory
recommendations. The level of allowance maintained by management is believed adequate to absorb probable losses inherent in the
loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The allowance is increased by provisions charged to expense and decreased by charge-offs, net
of recoveries of amounts previously charged-off. Allocation of the allowance may be made for specific loans, but the entire allowance
is available for any loan that, in management's judgment, is deemed uncollectible.
Pinnacle Financial's allowance for loan loss assessment methodology was modified during the year ended December 31, 2017 to
(i) extend the lookback period from 24 quarters to a period beginning January 1, 2006 to better capture the risk associated with this
extended economic cycle, (ii) eliminate the use of risk ratings in the calculation of the loss rate and instead focus on loss rate by loan
type and (iii) expand the economic variables used in the qualitative assessment to incorporate our expanded footprint. Pinnacle
Financial also eliminated the use of a loss emergence period in light of the minimal population of losses available to evaluate that were
previously being extrapolated to the full population of loans, and shifted the focus of its analysis to more of a quantitative model.
There was no material impact on the adoption of the changes in the allowance for loan loss assessment methodology.
Pinnacle Financial's allowance for loan losses is composed of the result of two independent analyses pursuant to the provisions
of ASC 450-20, Loss Contingencies and ASC 310-10-35, Receivables. The ASC 450-20 analysis is intended to quantify the inherent
risks in its performing loan portfolio. The ASC 310-10-35 analysis includes a loan-by-loan analysis of impaired loans, including those
reported as nonaccrual, troubled-debt restructurings and purchase credit impaired.
In assessing the adequacy of the allowance, Pinnacle Financial also considers the results of Pinnacle Financial's ongoing
independent loan review process. Pinnacle Financial undertakes this process both to ascertain those loans in the portfolio with elevated
credit risk and to assist in its overall evaluation of the risk characteristics of the entire loan portfolio. Its loan review process includes
the judgment of management, independent internal loan reviewers, and reviews that may have been conducted by third-party
reviewers including regulatory examiners. Pinnacle Financial incorporates relevant loan review results in the allowance.
The ASC 450-20 component of the allowance for loan losses begins with a historical loss rate calculation for each loan pool
with similar risk characteristics. The losses realized over a rolling four-quarter cycle are utilized to determine an annual loss rate for
each loan pool for each quarter-end in our look-back period. The look-back period in our loss rate calculation begins with January
2006, as we believe the period from January 1, 2006 to present is more representative of this economic cycle. The loss rates for each
category are then averaged and applied to the end of period loan portfolio balances to determine estimated losses. The loss rates
provide a quantitative estimate of credit losses inherent in our end of period loan portfolio based on our actual loss experience.
The estimated loan loss allocation for all loan segments is then adjusted for management's estimate of probable losses for a
number of qualitative factors that have not been considered in the quantitative analysis. The qualitative categories and the
measurements used to quantify the risks within each of these categories are subjectively selected by management, but measured by
objective measurements period over period. The data for each measurement may be obtained from internal or external sources. The
current period measurements are evaluated and assigned a factor commensurate with the current level of risk relative to past
measurements over time. The resulting factor is applied to the non-impaired loan portfolio. This amount represents estimated probable
inherent credit losses which exist, but have not yet been identified either in its risk rating or impairment process, as of the balance
sheet date, and is based upon quarterly trend assessments in portfolio concentrations, policy exceptions, economic conditions,
associate retention, independent loan review results, collateral considerations, credit quality, competition, enterprise wide risk
assessments, and peer group credit quality. The qualitative allowance allocation, as determined by the processes noted above, is
increased or decreased for each loan segment based on the assessment of these various qualitative factors.
The allowance for loan losses for purchased loans is calculated similar to that utilized for legacy Pinnacle Bank loans. Pinnacle
Financial's accounting policy is to compare the computed allowance for loan losses for each purchased loan to the remaining fair value
adjustment at the individual loan level. If the computed allowance at the loan level is greater than the remaining fair value adjustment,
the excess is added to the allowance for loan losses by a charge to the provision for loan losses.
The ASC 450-20 portion of the allowance includes a small unallocated component. Pinnacle Financial believes that the
unallocated amount is warranted for inherent factors that cannot be practically assigned to individual loan categories, such as the
imprecision in the overall loss allocation measurement process, the subjectivity risk of potentially not considering all relevant
environmental categories and related measurements and imprecision in its credit risk ratings process. The appropriateness of the
unallocated component of the allowance is assessed each quarter end based upon changes in the overall business environment not
otherwise captured.
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The impaired loan allowance is determined pursuant to ASC 310-10-35. Loans are impaired when, based on current information
and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.
Collection of all amounts due according to the contractual terms means collecting all interest and principal payments of a loan as
scheduled in the loan agreement. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates including the amounts and
timing of future cash flows expected to be received on impaired loans that may be susceptible to significant change. Loan losses are
charged off when management believes that the full collectability of the loan is unlikely. A loan may be partially charged-off after a
"confirming event" has occurred which serves to validate that full repayment pursuant to the terms of the loan is unlikely.
An impairment allowance is recognized if the fair value of the loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (recorded
investment in the loan is the principal balance plus any accrued interest, net of deferred loan fees or costs and unamortized premium or
discount). The impairment is recognized through the provision for loan losses and is a component of the allowance for loan losses.
Loans that are impaired are recorded at the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate,
or if the loan is collateral dependent, at the fair value of the collateral, less estimated disposal costs. If the loan is cash flow dependent,
a specific reserve is established as a component of the allowance. If the loan is collateral dependent, the principal balance of the loan
is charged-off in an amount equal to the impairment measurement. The fair value of collateral dependent loans is derived primarily
from collateral appraisals performed by independent third-party appraisers. Management believes it follows appropriate accounting
and regulatory guidance in determining impairment and accrual status of impaired loans. This analysis is completed for all individual
loans greater than $500,000. The resulting allowance percentage by segment adjusted for specific trends identified, if applicable, is
then applied to the remaining population of impaired loans.
Pursuant to the guidance set forth in ASU No. 2011-02, A Creditor's Determination of Whether a Restructuring is a Troubled
Debt Restructuring, the above impairment methodology is also applied to those loans identified as troubled debt restructurings.
Sufficiency of the computed allowance is then tested by comparison to historical trends and industry and peer information.
Pinnacle Financial then evaluates the result of the procedures performed, including the results of its testing, and concludes on the
appropriateness of the balance of the allowance in its entirety. The audit committee of Pinnacle Financial's board of directors reviews
and approves the methodology and resultant allowance prior to the filing of quarterly and annual financial information.
While its policies and procedures used to estimate the allowance for loan losses, as well as the resultant provision for loan losses
charged to income, are considered adequate by management and are reviewed from time to time by regulators, they are necessarily
approximate and imprecise. There are factors beyond Pinnacle Financial's control, such as conditions in the local, national, and
international economy, a local real estate market or particular industry conditions which may materially negatively impact asset
quality and the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses and thus the resulting provision for loan losses.
Transfers of Financial Assets — Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales when control over the assets has been
surrendered or in the case of a loan participation, a portion of the asset has been surrendered and meets the definition of a
"participating interest". Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from
Pinnacle Financial, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to
pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (3) Pinnacle Financial does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets
through an agreement to repurchase them before maturity.
Premises and Equipment and Leaseholds — Premises and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and
amortization computed principally by the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or the expected lease terms
for leasehold improvements, whichever is shorter. Useful lives for all premises and equipment range between three and thirty years.
Pinnacle Bank is the lessee with respect to several office locations. All such leases are being accounted for as operating leases
within the accompanying consolidated financial statements, with the exception of the one capital lease agreement discussed below.
Several of these leases include rent escalation clauses. Pinnacle Bank expenses the costs associated with these escalating payments
over the life of the expected lease term using the straight-line method. At December 31, 2017, the deferred liability associated with
these escalating rentals was approximately $3.5 million and is included in other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance
sheets.
Pinnacle Bank has one lease being accounted for as a capital lease within the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Amortization of property under the capital lease is expensed over the life of the expected lease term using the straight-line method and
is included in depreciation expense.
88
Other Real Estate Owned — Other real estate owned (OREO) represents real estate foreclosed upon or acquired by deed in lieu of
foreclosure by Pinnacle Bank through loan defaults by customers. Substantially all of these amounts relate to lots, homes and
residential development projects that are either completed or are in various stages of construction for which Pinnacle Financial
believes it has adequately supported the value recorded. Upon its acquisition by Pinnacle Bank, the property is recorded at fair value,
based on appraised value, less selling costs estimated as of the date acquired. The difference from the loan balance is recognized as a
charge-off through the allowance for loan losses. Additional OREO losses for subsequent downward valuation adjustments and
expenses to maintain OREO are determined on a specific property basis and are included as a component of noninterest expense. Net
gains or losses realized at the time of disposal are reflected in noninterest expense.
Included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2017 is $29.1 million of OREO with related property-
specific valuation allowances of $1.2 million. At December 31, 2016, OREO totaled $6.5 million with related property-specific
valuation allowances of $381,000. During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, Pinnacle Financial had expense
of $1.1 million, expense of $396,000 and a benefit of $306,000, respectively, of net foreclosed real estate expense.
Other Assets — Included in other assets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, is approximately $9.3 million and $5.7 million,
respectively, of computer software related assets, net of amortization. This software supports Pinnacle Financial's primary data
systems and relates to amounts paid to vendors for installation and development of such systems. These amounts are amortized on a
straight-line basis over periods of three to seven years. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, Pinnacle Financial's
amortization expense was approximately $2.5 million, $2.3 million, and $1.3 million, respectively. Software maintenance fees are
capitalized in other assets and amortized over the term of the maintenance agreement.
Pinnacle Financial is required to maintain certain minimum levels of equity investments with certain regulatory and other entities
in which Pinnacle Bank has outstanding borrowings, including the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati. At December 31, 2017 and
2016, the cost of these investments was $46.4 million and $31.4 million, respectively. Pinnacle Financial determined that cost
approximates the fair value of these investments. Additionally, Pinnacle Financial has recorded certain investments in other non-public
entities and funds at fair value, of $24.4 million and $8.3 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. During 2017 and 2016,
Pinnacle Financial recorded net losses of $552,310 and $233,000, respectively, due to changes in the fair value of these investments.
As more fully described in Note 11, Pinnacle Financial has an investment in twelve Trusts valued at $3,995,000 as of December 31,
2017. The Trusts were established to issue preferred securities, the dividends for which are paid with interest payments Pinnacle
Financial makes on subordinated debentures it issued to the Trusts.
Pinnacle Bank is the owner and beneficiary of various life insurance policies on certain key executives and certain current and
former directors and associates, including policies that were acquired in its mergers. Collectively, these policies are reflected in other
assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at their respective cash surrender values. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the
aggregate cash surrender value of these policies was approximately $415.9 million and $150.6 million, respectively. Noninterest
income related to these policies was $7.9 million, $3.5 million, and $2.5 million, during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and
2015, respectively.
Also, as part of our compliance with the Community Reinvestment Act, we have investments in low income housing entities
totaling $44.0 million and $43.1 million, net, as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Included in our CRA investments are
investments of $23.9 million and $18.9 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, net of amortization, that qualify for
federal low income housing tax credits. The investments are accounted for under the proportional amortization method. Under the
proportional amortization method, the initial cost of the investment is amortized in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits
received. The amortization and benefits are recognized as a component of income tax expense in the consolidated statements of
income. The investments are recorded using the cost method.
Derivative Instruments — In accordance with ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, all derivative instruments are recorded
on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet at their respective fair values. The accounting for changes in fair value (i.e., gains or
losses) of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship. If the
derivative instrument is not designated as a hedge, changes in the fair value of the derivative instrument are recognized in earnings in
the period of change.
Pinnacle Financial enters into interest rate swaps (swaps) to facilitate customer transactions and meet their financing needs. Upon
entering into these instruments to meet customer needs, Pinnacle Financial enters into offsetting positions with large U.S. financial
institutions in order to minimize the risk to Pinnacle Financial. These swaps are derivatives, but are not designated as hedging
instruments.
89
Pinnacle Financial also has forward cash flow hedge relationships in the form of interest rate swap agreements to manage its future
interest rate exposure. These derivative contracts have been designated as a hedge and, as such, changes in the fair value of the derivative
instrument are recorded in other comprehensive income. Pinnacle Financial prepares written hedge documentation for all derivatives
which are designated as hedges. The written hedge documentation includes identification of, among other items, the risk management
objective, hedging instrument, hedged item and methodologies for assessing and measuring hedge effectiveness and ineffectiveness,
along with support for management's assertion that the hedge will be highly effective.
For designated hedging relationships, Pinnacle Financial performs retrospective and prospective effectiveness testing using
quantitative methods and does not assume perfect effectiveness through the matching of critical terms. Assessments of hedge effectiveness
and measurements of hedge ineffectiveness are performed at least quarterly. The effective portion of the changes in the fair value of a
derivative that is highly effective and that has been designated and qualifies as a cash flow hedge are initially recorded in accumulated
other comprehensive income (AOCI) and will be reclassified to earnings in the same period that the hedged item impacts earnings; any
ineffective portion is recorded in current period earnings.
Hedge accounting ceases on transactions that are no longer deemed effective, or for which the derivative has been terminated or de-
designated.
Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase — Pinnacle Financial routinely sells securities to certain treasury management
customers and then repurchases these securities the next day. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are reflected as a secured
borrowing in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at the amount of cash received in connection with each transaction.
Income Taxes — ASC 740, Income Taxes, defines the threshold for recognizing the benefits of tax return positions in the financial
statements as "more-likely-than-not" to be sustained by the taxing authority. ASU 740 also provides guidance on the derecognition,
measurement and classification of income tax uncertainties, along with any related interest and penalties, and includes guidance
concerning accounting for income tax uncertainties in interim periods.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax amounts for the temporary differences between carrying amounts and
tax bases of assets and liabilities, computed using enacted tax rates. Accordingly, deferred tax assets that will be realized after
December 31, 2017 were revalued using the tax rates enacted as a result of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act resulting in a revaluation
charge of $31.5 million. The net deferred tax asset is reflected as a component of other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. A
valuation allowance is required for deferred tax assets if, based on available evidence, it is more likely than not that all or some
portion of the asset may not be realized due to the inability to generate sufficient taxable income in the period and/or of the character
necessary to utilize the benefit of the deferred tax asset.
Income tax expense or benefit for the year is allocated among continuing operations and other comprehensive income (loss), as
applicable. The amount allocated to continuing operations is the income tax effect of the pretax income or loss from continuing
operations that occurred during the year, plus or minus income tax effects of (i) changes in certain circumstances that cause a change
in judgment about the realization of deferred tax assets in future years, including the valuation of deferred tax assets due to changes in
enacted income tax rates (ii) changes in income tax laws or rates, and (iii) changes in income tax status, subject to certain exceptions.
The amount allocated to other comprehensive income (loss) is related solely to changes in the valuation allowance on items that are
normally accounted for in other comprehensive income (loss) such as unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities.
In accordance with ASC 740-10, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, uncertain tax positions are recognized if it is more
likely than not, based on technical merits, that the tax position will be realized or sustained upon examination. The term more likely
than not means a likelihood of more than 50 percent; the terms examined and upon examination also include resolution of the related
appeals or litigation processes, if any. A tax position that meets the more likely than not recognition threshold is initially and
subsequently measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon
settlement with a taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information. The determination of whether or not a tax
position has met the more likely than not recognition threshold considers the facts, circumstances and information available at the
reporting date.
Pinnacle Financial and its subsidiaries file consolidated U.S. Federal and state income tax returns. Each entity provides for
income taxes based on its contribution to income or loss of the consolidated group. Pinnacle Financial has a Real Estate Investment
Trust subsidiary that files a separate federal tax return, but its income is included in the consolidated group's return as required by the
federal tax laws. Pinnacle Financial remains open to audit under the statute of limitations by the IRS and the states in which Pinnacle
operates for the years ended December 31, 2014 through 2017.
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Pinnacle Financial's policy is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. No
amounts were accrued for interest and/or penalties at December 31, 2017 or 2016. The amount accrued for interest and/or penalties
related to state uncertain tax positions at December 31, 2015 was $96,000. Pinnacle Financial's policy is to recognize interest and/or
penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.
Income Per Common Share — Basic net income per common share (EPS) is computed by dividing net income by the weighted
average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to
issue common stock were exercised or converted. The difference between basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding is
attributable to common stock options, common stock appreciation rights, restricted share awards, and restricted share unit awards. The
dilutive effect of outstanding options, common stock appreciation rights, restricted share awards, and restricted share unit awards is
reflected in diluted EPS by application of the treasury stock method.
As of December 31, 2017, there were 274,586 stock options outstanding to purchase common shares. For the years ended
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, 567,611, 694,909 and 958,320 of dilutive stock options, dilutive restricted shares,
restricted share units and stock appreciation rights were included in the diluted earnings per share calculation under the treasury stock
method. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, there were no stock options, restricted shares, restricted share units
and stock appreciation rights excluded from the calculation because they were deemed to be antidilutive.
The following is a summary of the basic and diluted earnings per share calculation for each of the years in the three-year period
ended December 31, 2017:
Basic earnings per share calculation:
Numerator - Net income
Denominator – Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic net income per common share
Diluted earnings per share calculation:
Numerator - Net income
Denominator – Weighted average common shares outstanding
Dilutive shares contingently issuable
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding
Diluted net income per common share
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
December 31, 2015
$
$
$
$
173,979,487
$
127,224,695
$
95,509,402
63,760,578
43,037,083
2.73
$
2.96
$
37,015,468
2.58
173,979,487
$
127,224,695
$
95,509,402
63,760,578
567,611
64,328,189
43,037,083
694,909
43,731,992
2.70
$
2.91
$
37,015,468
958,320
37,973,788
2.52
Stock-Based Compensation — Stock-based compensation expense is recognized based on the fair value of the portion of stock-
based payment awards that are ultimately expected to vest, reduced for estimated forfeitures. ASC 718-20, Compensation – Stock
Compensation Awards Classified as Equity requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in
subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Service based awards with multiple vesting periods are expensed
over the entire requisite period as if the award were a single award. For awards with performance vesting criteria, anticipated
performance is projected to determine the number of awards expected to vest, and the corresponding aggregate expense is adjusted to
reflect the elapsed portion of the applicable performance period.
Comprehensive Income (Loss) — Comprehensive income (loss) consists of the total of all components of comprehensive income
(loss) including net income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) refers to revenues, expenses, gains and losses that under U.S.
GAAP are included in comprehensive income (loss) but excluded from net income (loss). Currently, Pinnacle Financial's other
comprehensive income (loss) consists of unrealized gains and losses on securities available-for-sale, net of deferred tax expense
(benefit) and unrealized gains (losses) on derivative hedging relationships.
Fair Value Measurement — ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which defines fair value, establishes a
framework for measuring fair value in U.S. GAAP and established required disclosures about fair value measurements. ASC 820
applies only to fair value measurements that are already required or permitted by other accounting standards and increases the
consistency of those measurements. The definition of fair value focuses on the exit price, i.e., the price that would be received to sell
an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, not the entry
price, (i.e., the price that would be paid to acquire the asset or received to assume the liability at the measurement date). The statement
emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement; not an entity-specific measurement. Therefore, the fair value measurement
should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
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Pinnacle Financial has an established process for determining fair values. Fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where
available. If listed prices or quotes are not available, fair value is based upon internally developed models or processes that use
primarily market-based or independently-sourced market data, including interest rate yield curves, option volatilities and third party
information such as prices of similar assets or liabilities. Valuation adjustments may be made to ensure that financial instruments are
recorded at fair value. Furthermore, while Pinnacle Financial believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other
market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments
could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.
Mortgage Servicing Rights — In conjunction with the acquisition of Magna, Pinnacle Bank acquired a residential mortgage
servicing portfolio which was recorded at fair value upon acquisition. The residential mortgage servicing portfolio was recorded at
$6.4 million as of December 31, 2015, net of related amortization. During the first quarter of 2016, Pinnacle Bank sold the mortgage
servicing rights associated with the $830 million Fannie Mae portfolio for $6.6 million, net of associated costs to sell. The purchase
agreement related to the sale of these rights includes certain clawback provisions which require Pinnacle Bank to reimburse the
acquirer in the event certain conditions are met. Approximately $241,000 was recorded as income during the year ended December 31,
2016 related to the sale.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements — In March 2016, the FASB issued updated guidance to Accounting Standards
Update, 2016-09 Stock Compensation Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Activity (ASU 2016-09) intended to simplify
and improve several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences,
classification of such awards as either equity or liabilities and classification of such awards on the statement of cash flows. This
Accounting Standards Update (ASU) impacted Pinnacle Financial's consolidated financial statements by requiring that all income tax
effects related to settlements of share-based payment awards be reported as increases (or decreases) to income tax expense. Previously,
income tax benefits at settlement of an award were reported as an increase (or decrease) to additional paid-in capital. The ASU also
requires that all income tax related cash flows resulting from share-based payments be reported as operating activities in the statement
of cash flows whereas these cash flows were previously reported as a reduction to operating cash flows and an increase to financing
cash flows. The guidance became effective for Pinnacle Financial on January 1, 2017. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the
newly adopted standard resulted in a reduction in tax expense of $5.4 million.
Newly Issued not yet Effective Accounting Standards — In February 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update
2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Income. The amendments in this ASU addressed the income tax accounting treatment of the stranded tax effects
within other comprehensive income due to the newly enacted federal corporate tax rate included in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act issued
December 22, 2017. These amendments allow an entity to make a reclassification from other comprehensive income to retained
earnings for the difference between the historical corporate income tax rate and the newly enacted corporate income tax rate. The
amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those years. Early
adoption is permitted with retrospective application. Pinnacle Financial is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on its
consolidated financial statements, but does not expect it to have a material impact.
In August 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to
Accounting for Hedging Activities. The amendments in this ASU makes more financial and non-financial hedging strategies eligible
for hedge accounting. It also amends the presentation and disclosure requirements and changes how companies assess effectiveness.
The amendments will be effective for the Company for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption
is permitted. Pinnacle Financial is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on its consolidated financial statements, but
does not expect it to have a material impact.
In March 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2017-08, Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs
(Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities. The amendment in this ASU shortens the
amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium to the earliest call date. The amendment does not require an
accounting change for securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity. The amendments are effective
for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those periods. Early adoption is permitted with
modified retrospective application. Pinnacle Financial is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on its consolidated
financial statements, but does not expect it to have a material impact.
In January 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350):
Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment to simplify how entities other than private companies, such as public business entities
and not-for-profit entities, are required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating the comparison of the implied fair value of the
reporting unit's goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those periods. If this standard had been effective for the year ended December
31, 2017, there would have been no impact on Pinnacle Financial's consolidated financial statements.
92
In January 2017, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the
Definition of a Business. The amendment in this ASU clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to
assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) or assets or businesses. The
amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. If this
standard had been effective for the year ended December 31, 2017, there would have been no impact on Pinnacle Financial's
consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 Leases guidance requiring the recognition in the
statement of financial position of lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under
previous GAAP. The guidance requires that a lessee should recognize lease assets and lease liabilities as compared to previous GAAP
that did not require lease assets and lease liabilities to be recognized for most leases. The guidance becomes effective for us on
January 1, 2019. If this standard was effective as of the date of these financial statements, Pinnacle Financial would have recorded a
right of use asset and liability in an amount similar to its current future minimum lease obligations as shown in Note 8. Premises and
Equipment and Lease Commitments.
In June 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses: Measurement of
Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which introduces the current expected credit losses methodology. Among other things, this
ASU requires the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets, including loans and available-for-sale debt securities,
held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the
collectability of the reported amount. The new model will require institutions to calculate all probable and estimable losses that are
expected to be incurred through the loan's entire life. ASU 2016-13 also requires the allowance for credit losses for purchased
financial assets with credit deterioration since origination to be determined in a manner similar to that of other financial assets
measured at amortized cost; however, the initial allowance will be added to the purchase price rather than recorded as credit loss
expense. The disclosure of credit quality indicators related to the amortized cost of financing receivables will be further disaggregated
by year of origination (or vintage). Institutions are to apply the changes through a cumulative-effect adjustment to their retained
earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the standard is effective. The amendments are effective for fiscal
years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early application will be permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018.
Pinnacle Financial is currently assessing the impact of the new guidance on its consolidated financial statements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2016-15 Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) intended to
reduce the diversity in practice around how certain transactions are classified within the statement of cash flows. The guidance is
effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal
years. Early adoption is permitted with retrospective application. Pinnacle Financial does not expect this standard will have a material
impact on Pinnacle Financial's consolidated financial statements, with the exception of dividends received from its equity method
investments which will be reclassified as a cash flow from investments to operating cash flows beginning in the first quarter of 2018.
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606 )
developed as a joint project with the International Accounting Standards Board to remove inconsistencies in revenue requirements and
provide a more robust framework for addressing revenue issues. This ASU's core principle is that an entity should recognize revenue
when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be
entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In August 2015, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2015-14, which
deferred the effective date by one year (i.e., interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017). Early adoption
is permitted, but not before the original effective date (i.e., interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016).
The ASU may be adopted using either a modified retrospective method or a full retrospective method. Pinnacle Financial adopted the
ASU during the first quarter of 2018, as required, using a modified retrospective approach. The majority of Pinnacle Financial's
revenue stream is generated from financial instruments which are not within the scope of this ASU. However, Pinnacle Financial has
evaluated the impact for other fee-based income, including our wealth management, mortgage and deposit services line of business,
and has concluded that this standard will not materially impact its financial statements.
Other than those pronouncements discussed above and those which have been recently adopted, there were no other recently issued
accounting pronouncements that are expected to materially impact Pinnacle Financial.
Subsequent Events — ASC Topic 855, Subsequent Events, establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of
events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued. Pinnacle Financial evaluated all events or
transactions that occurred after December 31, 2017 through the date of the issued financial statements.
93
Note 2. Acquisitions
BNC Bancorp. On June 16, 2017, Pinnacle Financial consummated its merger with BNC. Pursuant to the terms of the
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 22, 2017, by and between Pinnacle Financial and BNC, BNC merged with and
into Pinnacle Financial, with Pinnacle Financial continuing as the surviving corporation (the BNC Merger). On that same day,
Pinnacle Bank and Bank of North Carolina, BNC's wholly-owned bank subsidiary, merged, with Pinnacle Bank continuing as the
surviving entity.
The following summarizes the consideration paid and presents a preliminary allocation of purchase price to net assets acquired
(dollars in thousands):
Equity consideration
Common stock issued
Total equity consideration
Non-Equity Consideration:
Cash paid to redeem common stock
Total consideration paid
Allocation of total consideration paid:
Fair value of net assets assumed including estimated identifiable intangible assets
Goodwill
Number of
Shares
Amount
27,687,100
$
$
$
$
$
1,858,133
1,858,133
129
1,858,262
601,807
1,256,455
1,858,262
Pinnacle Financial recorded costs incurred in connection with the issuance of Pinnacle Financial common stock resulting from
the BNC Merger of $7.2 million, net of related tax benefits, as a reduction to additional paid in capital. Certain merger-related
charges resulting from cultural and systems integrations, as well as stock-based compensation expense incurred as a result of
change-in-control provisions applicable to assumed equity-based awards were recorded as merger-related expense.
Goodwill originating from the BNC Merger resulted primarily from anticipated synergies arising from the combination of
certain operational areas of the businesses of BNC and Pinnacle Financial as well as the purchase premium inherent in buying a
complete and successful banking operation. Goodwill associated with the BNC Merger is not amortizable for book or tax purposes.
Adjustments totaling $82.9 million were recorded to goodwill to appropriately reflect the valuation of the loan portfolio, OREO
acquired, and certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed and have been included in the table below.
Pinnacle Financial accounted for the BNC Merger under the acquisition method in accordance with ASC Topic 805.
Accordingly, the purchase price is allocated to the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of merger.
The following purchase price allocations on the BNC Merger are preliminary and will be finalized upon the receipt of final
valuations on certain assets and liabilities. Upon receipt of final fair value estimates, which must be received within one year of the
BNC Merger date, Pinnacle Financial will make any final adjustments to the purchase price allocation and prospectively adjust any
goodwill recorded. Information regarding Pinnacle Financial's loan discount and related deferred tax asset, core deposit intangible
asset and related deferred tax liability, as well as income taxes payable and the related deferred tax balances recorded in the BNC
Merger, may be adjusted as Pinnacle Financial refines its estimates. Determining the fair value of assets and liabilities, particularly
illiquid assets and liabilities, is a complicated process involving significant judgment regarding estimates and assumptions used to
calculate estimated fair value. Fair value adjustments based on updated estimates could materially affect the goodwill recorded on
the BNC Merger. Pinnacle Financial may incur losses on the acquired loans that are materially different from losses Pinnacle
Financial originally projected.
94
The acquired assets and liabilities, as well as the adjustments to record the assets and liabilities at their estimated fair values,
are presented in the following tables (in thousands):
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Investment securities
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses (2)
Mortgage loans held for sale
Other real estate owned (3)
Core deposit and other intangible (4)
Property, plant and equipment (5)
Other assets (6)
Total Assets
Liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits (7)
Non-interest bearing deposits
Borrowings (8)
Other liabilities (9)
Total Liabilities
Net Assets Acquired
Explanation of certain fair value adjustments:
BNC
Historical Cost Basis
Fair Value Adjustments (1)
As Recorded by
Pinnacle Financial
As of June 16, 2017
$
$
$
$
$
155,271
$
— $
643,875
5,782,720
27,026
20,143
—
156,805
320,988
1,667
(181,430)
—
600
50,422
(3,381)
53,997
155,271
645,542
5,601,290
27,026
20,743
50,422
153,424
374,985
7,106,828
$
(78,125) $
7,028,703
5,003,653
$
1,199,342
183,389
35,729
6,422,113
684,715
$
$
4,355
$
—
(6,412)
6,840
4,783
$
(82,908) $
5,008,008
1,199,342
176,977
42,569
6,426,896
601,807
(1) The amount represents the adjustment of the book value of BNC's assets and liabilities to their estimated fair value on the date of
acquisition. Fair value adjustments are updated subsequent to the merger date based on the results of finalized valuation
assessments.
(2) The amount represents the adjustment of the net book value of BNC's loans to their estimated fair value based on interest rates and
expected cash flows as of the date of acquisition, which includes estimates of expected credit losses inherent in the portfolio of
approximately 2.6% of the 3.1% mark on the acquired loan portfolio.
(3) Although not complete, this adjustment reflects the Day 1 value of OREO properties subsequently sold.
(4) The amount represents the fair value of the core deposit intangible asset representing the intangible value of the deposit base
acquired and the fair value of the customer relationship intangible assets representing the intangible value of customer
relationships acquired.
(5) The amount represents the adjustment of the net book value of BNC's property, plant and equipment to estimated fair value based
on market values of similar assets.
(6) The amount represents the deferred tax asset recognized on the fair value adjustment of BNC's acquired assets and assumed
liabilities.
(7) The amount represents the adjustment necessary because the weighted average interest rate of BNC's deposits exceeded the cost of
similar funding at the time of acquisition. The fair value adjustment will be amortized to reduce future interest expense over the
life of the portfolio.
(8) The amount represents the combined adjustment necessary because the weighted average interest rate of BNC's subordinated debt
issuance exceeded the cost of similar funding at the time of acquisition and because the weighted average interest rate of BNC's
trust preferred securities issuances was lower than the cost of similar funding at the time of acquisition. The combined fair value
adjustments will be amortized to increase future interest expense over the lives of the portfolios.
(9) The amount represents the adjustment to accrue obligations that existed but had not been recorded as of the acquisition date and
the fair value of BNC lease obligations.
95
Supplemental Pro Forma Combined Results of Operations
The supplemental proforma information below for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 gives effect to the BNC
acquisition as if it had occurred on January 1, 2016. These results combine the historical results of BNC into Pinnacle Financial's
consolidated statement of income and, while certain adjustments were made for the estimated impact of certain fair value
adjustments, they are not indicative of what would have occurred had the BNC Merger taken place on the indicated date nor are
they intended to represent or be indicative of future results of operations. In particular, no adjustments have been made to eliminate
the amount of BNC's provision for credit losses for 2016 that may not have been necessary had the acquired loans been recorded at
fair value as of the beginning of 2016. Additionally, these financials were not adjusted for non-recurring expenses, such as merger-
related charges incurred by either Pinnacle Financial or BNC. Pinnacle Financial expects to achieve operating cost savings and
other business synergies as a result of the acquisition which are also not reflected in the proforma amounts.
(dollars in thousands)
Year ended December 31,
Revenue(1)
$
Income before income taxes
844,896 $
347,983
707,126
275,635
2017
2016
(1) Net interest income plus noninterest income
Note 3. Equity Method Investment
On February 1, 2015, Pinnacle Bank acquired a 30% interest in Bankers Healthcare Group, LLC (BHG) for $75 million in cash.
On March 1, 2016, Pinnacle Bank and Pinnacle Financial increased their investment in BHG by a combined 19%, for a total
investment in BHG of 49%. The additional 19% interest was acquired pursuant to a purchase agreement whereby both Pinnacle
Financial and Pinnacle Bank acquired 8.55% and an additional 10.45%, respectively, of the outstanding membership interests in BHG
in exchange for $74.1 million in cash and 860,470 shares of Pinnacle Financial common stock valued at $39.9 million.
On March 1, 2016, Pinnacle Financial, Pinnacle Bank and the other members of BHG entered into an Amended and Restated
Limited Liability Company Agreement of BHG that provides for, among other things, the following terms:
•
•
•
•
the inability of any member of BHG to transfer its ownership interest in BHG without the consent of the other members of
BHG for five years, other than transfers to family members, trusts or affiliates of the transferring member, in connection with
the acquisition of Pinnacle Financial or Pinnacle Bank or as a result of a change in applicable law that forces Pinnacle
Financial and/or Pinnacle Bank to divest their ownership interests in BHG;
the inability of the board of managers of BHG (of which Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank have the right to designate
two of the five members (the Pinnacle Managers) to approve a sale of BHG without the consent of one of the Pinnacle
Managers for four years;
co-sale rights for Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank in the event the other members of BHG decide to sell all or a portion
of their ownership interests after the above-described five-year limitation; and
a right of first refusal for BHG and the other members of BHG in the event that Pinnacle Financial and/or Pinnacle Bank
decide to sell all or a portion of their ownership interests after the above-described five-year limitation, except in connection
with a transfer of their ownership interests to an affiliate or in connection with the acquisition of Pinnacle Financial or
Pinnacle Bank.
Pinnacle Financial accounts for this investment pursuant to the equity method for unconsolidated subsidiaries and will recognize
its interest in BHG's profits and losses in noninterest income with corresponding adjustments to the BHG investment account. Because
BHG has been determined to be a voting interest entity of which Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank together control less than a
majority of the board seats following the closing of the additional investment in March 2016, this investment does not require
consolidation and is accounted for pursuant to the equity method of accounting. Additionally, Pinnacle Financial did not recognize any
goodwill or other intangible asset associated with these transactions as of the respective purchase dates, however, it will recognize
accretion income and amortization expense associated with the fair value adjustments to the net assets acquired including the fair
value of certain of BHG's liabilities which are recorded as a component of income from equity method investment, pursuant to the
equity method of accounting.
Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank account for their consolidated interest in BHG's profits and losses in noninterest income
with corresponding adjustments to the BHG investment account.
96
At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial has recorded technology, trade name and customer relationship intangibles, net of
related amortization, of $13.4 million compared to $16.8 million as of December 31, 2016. Amortization expense of $3.3 million was
included in Pinnacle Financial's results for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to $3.4 million for 2016. Accretion income of
$3.1 million was included in Pinnacle Financial's results for the year ended December 31, 2017, while $2.5 million accretion income
was recorded in 2016. Additionally, at December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial had recorded accretable discounts associated with
certain liabilities of BHG of $10.3 million compared to $13.4 million as of December 31, 2016.
During the year ended December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank received dividends from BHG of $21.7 million
in the aggregate, respectively, compared to $29.0 million in the year ended December 31, 2016. Earnings from BHG are included in
Pinnacle Financial's consolidated tax return. Profits from intercompany transactions are eliminated.
A summary of BHG's financial position and results of operations as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016,
respectively, were as follows (unaudited, in thousands):
Banker's Healthcare Group
($ in thousands)
Assets
Liabilities
Equity interests
Total liabilities and equity
Revenues
Net income, pre-tax
Note 4. Restricted Cash Balances
December 31,
2017
December 31,
2016
330,030
224,837
105,193
330,030
$
$
$
223,246
139,531
83,715
223,246
For the year ended December 31,
2017
2016
160,209
77,941
$
$
136,693
67,135
$
$
$
$
$
Regulation D of the Federal Reserve Act requires that banks maintain reserve balances with the Federal Reserve Bank based
principally on the type and amount of their deposits. At our option, Pinnacle Financial maintains additional balances to compensate for
clearing and other services. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, the average daily balance maintained at the Federal
Reserve was approximately $229.9 million and $183.1 million, respectively.
Note 5. Securities
The amortized cost and fair value of securities available-for-sale and held-to-maturity at December 31, 2017 and 2016 are
summarized as follows (in thousands):
December 31, 2017
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S Treasury securities
U.S. Government agency securities
Mortgage-backed securities
State and municipal securities
Asset-backed securities
Corporate notes
Securities held-to-maturity:
State and municipal securities
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
$
30,505
$
182,500
1,270,625
774,949
173,346
81,615
— $
67
5,318
12,251
262
1,346
60
$
1,766
12,124
2,588
316
647
30,445
180,801
1,263,819
784,612
173,292
82,314
2,513,540
$
19,244
$
17,501
$
2,515,283
20,762
20,762
$
114
114
$
46
46
$
20,830
20,830
$
$
97
December 31, 2016
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S Treasury securities
U.S. Government agency securities
Mortgage-backed securities
State and municipal securities
Asset-backed securities
Corporate notes
Securities held-to-maturity:
State and municipal securities
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
$
$
$
250
$
— $
— $
22,306
988,008
211,581
79,318
8,608
—
4,304
4,103
111
39
537
15,686
2,964
849
46
250
21,769
976,626
212,720
78,580
8,601
1,310,071
$
8,557
$
20,082
$
1,298,546
25,251
25,251
$
87
87
$
105
105
$
25,233
25,233
At December 31, 2017, approximately $1.1 billion of Pinnacle Financial's investment portfolio was pledged to secure public
funds and other deposits and securities sold under agreements to repurchase. At December 31, 2017, repurchase agreements comprised
of secured borrowings totaled $135.3 million and were secured by $135.3 million of pledged U.S. government agency securities,
municipal securities, asset backed securities, and corporate debentures. As the fair value of securities pledged to secure repurchase
agreements may decline, Pinnacle Financial regularly evaluates its need to pledge additional securities for the counterparty to remain
adequately secured.
The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities as of December 31, 2017 by contractual maturity are shown below. Actual
maturities may differ from contractual maturities of mortgage-backed securities since the mortgages underlying the securities may be
called or prepaid with or without penalty. Therefore, these securities are not included in the maturity categories in the following
summary (in thousands):
Due in one year or less
Due in one year to five years
Due in five years to ten years
Due after ten years
Mortgage-backed securities
Asset-backed securities
Available-for-sale
Held-to-maturity
Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
$
33,251
$
33,196
$
1,329
$
65,214
185,337
785,767
1,270,625
173,346
65,775
187,198
792,003
1,263,819
173,292
6,210
10,425
2,798
—
—
1,330
6,200
10,469
2,831
—
—
$
2,513,540
$
2,515,283
$
20,762
$
20,830
At December 31, 2017 and 2016, included in securities were the following investments with unrealized losses. The information
below classifies these investments according to the term of the unrealized loss of less than twelve months or twelve months or longer
(in thousands):
December 31, 2017
U.S. Treasury securities
U.S. government agency securities
Mortgage-backed securities
State and municipal securities
Asset-backed securities
Corporate notes
Investments with an
Unrealized Loss of
less than 12 months
Investments with an
Unrealized Loss of
12 months or longer
Total Investments
with an
Unrealized Loss
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
$
29,948
$
60
$
173,677
607,408
115,403
68,742
22,168
1,766
5,042
1,408
198
547
98
— $
—
285,561
50,083
14,136
11,944
— $
29,948
$
—
7,082
1,226
118
100
173,677
892,969
165,486
82,878
34,112
60
1,766
12,124
2,634
316
647
Investments with an
Unrealized Loss of
less than 12 months
Investments with an
Unrealized Loss of
12 months or longer
Total Investments
with an
Unrealized Loss
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value
Unrealized
Losses
Total temporarily-impaired securities
$ 1,017,346
$
9,021
$
361,724
$
8,526
$ 1,379,070
$
17,547
December 31, 2016
U.S. Treasury securities
U.S. government agency securities
Mortgage-backed securities
State and municipal securities
Asset-backed securities
Corporate notes
$
— $
—
— $
—
801,213
87,277
14,510
4,810
15,073
3,068
32
46
— $
— $
— $
20,820
43,148
312
34,097
—
537
613
1
817
—
20,820
844,361
87,589
48,607
4,810
—
537
15,686
3,069
849
46
Total temporarily-impaired securities
$
907,810
$
18,219
$
98,377
$
1,968
$ 1,006,187
$
20,187
The applicable date for determining when securities are in an unrealized loss position is December 31, 2017 and 2016. As such, it
is possible that a security had a market value less than its amortized cost on other days during the twelve-month periods ended
December 31, 2017 and 2016, but is not in the "Investments with an Unrealized Loss of less than 12 months" category above.
As shown in the table above, at December 31, 2017 and 2016, Pinnacle Financial had unrealized losses of $17.5 million and $20.2
million on $1.4 billion and $1.0 billion, respectively, of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities. The unrealized losses
associated with these investment securities are primarily driven by changes in interest rates and typically are not due to the credit
quality of the securities. These securities will continue to be monitored as a part of our ongoing impairment analysis, but are expected
to perform even if the rating agencies reduce the credit rating of the bond issuers. Management evaluates the financial performance of
the issuers on a quarterly basis to determine if it is probable that the issuers can make all contractual principal and interest payments.
Because Pinnacle Financial currently does not intend to sell these securities and it is not more-likely-than-not that Pinnacle Financial
will be required to sell the securities before recovery of their amortized cost bases, which may be maturity, Pinnacle Financial does not
consider these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2017.
Periodically, available-for-sale securities may be sold or the composition of the portfolio realigned to improve yields, quality or
marketability, or to implement changes in investment or asset/liability strategy, including maintaining collateral requirements and
raising funds for liquidity purposes. Additionally, if an available-for-sale security loses its investment grade or tax-exempt status, the
underlying credit support is terminated or collection otherwise becomes uncertain based on factors known to management, Pinnacle
Financial will consider selling the security, but will review each security on a case-by-case basis as these factors become
known. Consistent with the investment policy, in 2017 available-for-sale securities of approximately $300.0 million were sold and net
unrealized losses of $8.3 million were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into net income.
The carrying values of Pinnacle Financial's investment securities could decline in the future if the financial condition of the
securities' issuers deteriorates and management determines it is probable that Pinnacle Financial will not recover the entire amortized
cost bases of the securities. As a result, there is a risk that other-than-temporary impairment charges may occur in the future.
Additionally, there is a risk that other-than-temporary impairment charges may occur in the future if management's intention to hold
these securities to maturity and or recovery changes.
Note 6. Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
For financial reporting purposes, Pinnacle Financial classifies its loan portfolio based on the underlying collateral utilized to
secure each loan. This classification is consistent with those utilized in the Quarterly Report of Condition and Income filed with the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).
Pinnacle Financial uses five loan categories: commercial real estate mortgage, consumer real estate mortgage, construction and
land development, commercial and industrial, consumer and other.
•
•
Commercial real-estate mortgage loans. Commercial real-estate mortgage loans are categorized as such based on
investor exposures where repayment is largely dependent upon the operation, refinance, or sale of the underlying real
estate. Commercial real-estate mortgage also includes owner occupied commercial real estate which shares a similar risk
profile to our commercial and industrial products.
Consumer real-estate mortgage loans. Consumer real-estate mortgage consists primarily of loans secured by 1-4
residential properties including home equity lines of credit.
99
•
•
•
Construction and land development loans. Construction and land development loans include loans where the repayment
is dependent on the successful operation of the related real estate project. Construction and land development loans
include 1-4 family construction projects and commercial construction endeavors such as warehouses, apartments, office
and retail space and land acquisition and development.
Commercial and industrial loans. Commercial and industrial loans include loans to business enterprises issued for
commercial, industrial and/or other professional purposes.
Consumer and other loans. Consumer and other loans include all loans issued to individuals not included in the
consumer real-estate mortgage classification. Examples of consumer and other loans are automobile loans, credit cards
and loans to finance education, among others.
Commercial loans receive risk ratings by the assigned financial advisor subject to validation by Pinnacle Financial's independent
loan review department. Risk ratings are categorized as pass, special mention, substandard, substandard-nonaccrual or doubtful-
nonaccrual. Pass-rated loans include five distinct ratings categories for loans that represent specific attributes. Pinnacle Financial
believes that its categories follow those outlined by Pinnacle Bank's primary regulators. At December 31, 2017, approximately 81.4%
of our loan portfolio was analyzed as a commercial loan type with a specifically assigned risk rating in the allowance for loan loss
assessment. Consumer loans and small business loans are generally not assigned an individual risk rating but are evaluated as either
accrual or nonaccrual based on the performance of the individual loans. However, certain consumer real estate-mortgage loans and
certain consumer and other loans receive a specific risk rating due to the loan proceeds being used for commercial purposes even
though the collateral may be of a consumer loan nature.
Risk ratings are subject to continual review by a financial advisor and a senior credit officer. At least annually, our credit policy
requires that every risk rated loan of $1.0 million or more be subject to a formal credit risk review process. Each loan's risk rating is
also subject to review by our independent loan review department, which reviews a substantial portion of our risk rated portfolio
annually. Included in the coverage are independent loan reviews of loans in targeted higher-risk portfolio segments such as certain
commercial and industrial loans, land loans and/or loan types in certain geographies.
The following table presents our loan balances by primary loan classification and the amount within each risk rating category.
Pass-rated loans include all credits other than those included in special mention, substandard, substandard-nonaccrual and doubtful-
nonaccrual which are defined as follows:
•
•
•
•
Special mention loans have potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these
potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in Pinnacle Financial's credit
position at some future date.
Substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the
collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize
collection of the debt. Substandard loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that Pinnacle Financial will sustain
some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
Substandard-nonaccrual loans are substandard loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status.
Doubtful-nonaccrual loans have all the characteristics of substandard-nonaccrual loans with the added characteristic that
the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values,
highly questionable and improbable.
The following table outlines the amount of each loan classification categorized into each risk rating category as of December 31,
2017 and 2016 (in thousands):
December 31, 2017
Pass
Special Mention
Substandard (1)
Substandard-nonaccrual
Doubtful-nonaccrual
Commercial
real estate -
mortgage
Consumer real
estate -
mortgage
Construction
and land
development
Commercial
and industrial
Consumer
and other
Total
$
6,487,368
$
2,503,688
$
1,880,704
$
4,014,656
$
351,359
$ 15,237,775
94,134
72,044
16,064
—
18,356
21,053
18,117
—
8,148
13,468
5,968
—
46,898
62,529
17,258
—
1,177
79
48
—
168,713
169,173
57,455
—
Total loans
$
6,669,610
$
2,561,214
$
1,908,288
$
4,141,341
$
352,663
$ 15,633,116
100
December 31, 2016
Pass
Special Mention
Substandard (1)
Substandard-nonaccrual
Doubtful-nonaccrual
Commercial
real estate -
mortgage
Consumer real
estate -
mortgage
Construction
and land
development
Commercial
and industrial
Consumer
and other
Total
$
3,137,452
$
1,160,361
$
897,556
$
2,782,713
$
264,723
$
8,242,805
21,449
29,674
4,921
—
1,856
15,627
8,073
—
2,716
5,788
6,613
—
25,641
75,861
7,492
3
802
129
475
—
52,464
127,079
27,574
3
Total loans
$
3,193,496
$
1,185,917
$
912,673
$
2,891,710
$
266,129
$
8,449,925
(1) Potential problem loans represent those loans with a well-defined weakness and where information about possible credit problems of
borrowers has caused management to have doubts about the borrower's ability to comply with present repayment terms. This definition is
believed to be substantially consistent with the standards established by Pinnacle Bank's primary regulators for loans classified as
substandard, excluding the impact of substandard nonperforming loans and substandard troubled debt restructurings. Potential problem
loans, which are not included in nonperforming assets, amounted to approximately $164.0 million at December 31, 2017, compared to
$114.6 million at December 31, 2016.
At December 31, 2017 and 2016, all loans classified as nonaccrual were deemed to be impaired. The principal balances of these
nonaccrual loans amounted to $57.5 million and $27.6 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and are included in the
table above. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2017, the average balance of nonaccrual loans was $66.0 million as
compared to $35.1 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2016. Pinnacle Financial's policy is that the discontinuation of
the accrual of interest income will occur when (1) there is a significant deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower and full
repayment of principal and interest is not expected or (2) the principal or interest is more than 90 days past due, unless the loan is both
well secured and in the process of collection. As such, at the date the above mentioned loans were placed on nonaccrual status,
Pinnacle Financial reversed all previously accrued interest income against current year earnings. Had these nonaccruing loans been on
accruing status, interest income would have been higher by $2.7 million, $2.1 million and $2.3 million for the years ended
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
The following table provides a rollforward of purchase credit impaired loans from December 31, 2016 through December 31,
2017 (in thousands):
December 31, 2015
Acquisitions
Settlements, net
December 31, 2016
Acquisitions
Settlements, net
December 31, 2017
Gross
Carrying
Value
Accretable
Yield
Nonaccretable
Yield
Carrying
Value
$
16,274
$
— $
(4,143) $
12,131
1,359
(5,165)
12,468
80,812
(18,956)
—
—
—
(196)
64
(812)
1,322
(3,633)
(32,314)
4,410
$
74,324
$
(132) $
(31,537) $
547
(3,843)
8,835
48,302
(14,482)
42,655
These loans were deemed to be collateral dependent at the time of acquisition. Settlements include both loans that were charged-
off as well as loans that were paid off, typically as a result of refinancings at other institutions.
Purchase credit impaired loans purchased during the year ended December 31, 2017 for which it was probable at acquisition that
all contractually required payments would not be collected are as follows (in thousands):
Contractually required payments receivable
$
Cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition
Fair value of acquired loans at acquisition
94,312 $
48,498
48,302
1,359 $
547
547
19,960
14,257
14,257
2017
December 31,
2016
2015
101
The following tables detail the recorded investment, unpaid principal balance and related allowance and average recorded
investment of our nonaccrual loans at December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 by loan classification and the amount of interest income
recognized on a cash basis throughout the year-to-date period then ended, respectively, on these loans that remain on the balance
sheets (in thousands):
Collateral dependent nonaccrual loans:
Commercial real estate – mortgage
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
Total
Cash flow dependent nonaccrual loans:
Commercial real estate – mortgage
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
Total
Total Nonaccrual Loans
Collateral dependent nonaccrual loans:
Commercial real estate – mortgage
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
Total
Cash flow dependent nonaccrual loans:
Commercial real estate – mortgage
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
Total
Total Nonaccrual Loans
December 31, 2017
For the year ended
December 31, 2017
Recorded
investment
Unpaid
principal
balance
Related
allowance
Average
recorded
investment
Cash basis
interest
income
recognized
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
13,570
10,093
5,735
2,135
—
31,533
2,494
8,024
233
15,171
—
25,922
57,455
$
$
$
$
$
16,631
14,309
10,273
3,533
—
44,746
2,505
8,079
233
15,224
—
26,041
70,787
December 31, 2016
Recorded
investment
Unpaid
principal
balance
2,308
2,880
3,128
6,373
—
14,689
2,613
5,193
3,485
1,122
475
12,888
27,577
$
$
$
$
$
2,312
2,915
3,135
6,407
—
14,769
3,349
5,775
4,154
2,714
851
16,843
31,612
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
38
115
6
362
—
521
95
411
12
1,278
—
1,796
2,317
Related
allowance
—
—
—
—
—
—
59
688
20
77
227
1,071
1,071
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
13,839
11,216
5,935
2,980
—
33,970
3,463
10,076
438
18,027
—
32,004
65,974
$
$
$
$
$
—
—
95
—
—
95
—
—
—
—
—
—
95
For the year ended
December 31, 2016
Average
recorded
investment
Cash basis
interest
income
recognized
2,540
2,907
3,132
8,841
—
17,420
2,688
5,966
3,476
2,884
2,624
17,638
35,058
$
$
$
$
$
—
—
159
—
—
159
—
—
—
—
—
—
159
102
Collateral dependent nonaccrual loans:
Commercial real estate – mortgage
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
Total
Cash flow dependent nonaccrual loans:
Commercial real estate – mortgage
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
Total
Total Nonaccrual Loans
December 31, 2015
For the year ended
December 31, 2015
Recorded
investment
Unpaid
principal
balance
Related
allowance
Average
recorded
investment
Cash basis
interest income
recognized
$
$
$
$
$
4,411
5,596
7,531
1,420
—
18,958
1,410
3,750
76
263
4,902
10,401
29,359
$
$
$
$
$
5,659
6,242
7,883
3,151
—
22,935
1,661
4,098
125
281
5,341
11,506
34,441
$
$
$
$
$
—
—
—
—
—
—
20
616
12
19
3,002
3,669
3,669
$
$
$
$
$
2,253
3,067
4,317
1,527
—
11,164
1,466
3,815
87
168
4,913
10,449
21,613
$
$
$
$
$
—
—
308
—
—
308
—
—
—
—
—
—
308
Pinnacle Financial's policy is that once a loan is placed on nonaccrual status each subsequent payment is reviewed on a case-by-
case basis to determine if the payment should be applied to interest or principal pursuant to regulatory guidelines. Pinnacle Financial
recognized approximately $95,000, $159,000 and $308,000 in interest income from cash payments received on nonaccrual loans
during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively.
At December 31, 2017 and 2016, there were $6.6 million and $15.0 million, respectively, of troubled debt restructurings that were
performing as of their restructure date and which are accruing interest. These troubled debt restructurings are considered impaired
loans pursuant to U.S. GAAP. Troubled commercial loans are restructured by specialists within Pinnacle Bank's Special Assets Group,
and all restructurings are approved by committees and credit officers separate and apart from the normal loan approval process. These
specialists are charged with reducing Pinnacle Financial's overall risk and exposure to loss in the event of a restructuring by obtaining
some or all of the following: improved documentation, additional guaranties, increase in curtailments, reduction in collateral release
terms, additional collateral or other similar strategies.
The following table outlines the amount of each troubled debt restructuring by loan classification made during the years ended
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 (dollars in thousands):
Number
of contracts
Pre Modification
Outstanding Recorded
Investment
Post Modification Outstanding
Recorded Investment, net of
related allowance
December 31, 2017
Commercial real estate – mortgage
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
December 31, 2016
Commercial real estate – mortgage
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
— $
— $
6
—
3,776
—
3,782
$
— $
—
—
11,084
—
11,084
$
1
—
2
—
3
$
— $
—
—
6
—
6
$
103
—
5
—
3,751
—
3,756
—
—
—
11,083
—
11,083
December 31, 2015
Commercial real estate – mortgage
Consumer real estate – mortgage
Construction and land development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
Number
of contracts
Pre Modification
Outstanding Recorded
Investment
Post Modification Outstanding
Recorded Investment, net of
related allowance
1
—
—
1
—
2
$
$
223
—
—
434
—
657
$
$
185
—
—
337
—
522
During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, Pinnacle Financial had no troubled debt restructurings that
subsequently defaulted within twelve months of the restructuring. A default is defined as an occurrence which violates the terms of the
receivable's contract.
At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the allowance for loan losses included no allowance and $21,000, respectively, specifically related
to accruing troubled debt restructurings, which are classified as impaired loans pursuant to U.S. GAAP; however, these loans continue
to accrue interest at contractual rates.
In addition to the loan metrics above, Pinnacle Financial analyzes its commercial loan portfolio to determine if a concentration of
credit risk exists to any industries. Pinnacle Financial utilizes broadly accepted industry classification systems in order to classify
borrowers into various industry classifications. Pinnacle Financial has a credit exposure (loans outstanding plus unfunded lines of
credit) exceeding 25% of Pinnacle Bank's total risk-based capital to borrowers in the following industries at December 31, 2017 with
the comparative exposures for December 31, 2016 (in thousands):
At December 31, 2017
Outstanding
Principal
Balances
Unfunded
Commitments
Total
exposure
Total Exposure at
December 31,
2016
Lessors of nonresidential buildings
Lessors of residential buildings
Hotels and motels
$
2,778,454
$
32,497
$
2,810,951
$
1,701,853
870,777
627,126
13,467
1,865
884,244
628,991
874,234
291,865
Additionally, Pinnacle Financial monitors two ratios regarding construction and commercial real estate lending as part
of its concentration management processes. Both ratios are calculated by dividing certain types of loan balances for each
of the two categories by Pinnacle Bank’s total risk-based capital. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, Pinnacle Bank’s
construction and land development loans as a percentage of total risk-based capital was 89.4% and 80.3%, respectively.
Non-owner occupied commercial real estate and multifamily loans (including construction and loan development loans)
was 297.1% and 256.0% for December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Banking regulations have established guidelines
for the construction ratio of less than 100% of total risk-based capital and for the non-owner occupied ratio of less than
300% of total risk-based capital. Should a bank’s ratios be in excess of these guidelines, banking regulations generally
require an increased level of monitoring in these lending areas by bank management. At both December 31, 2017 and
2016, Pinnacle Bank’s computed ratios were below the applicable regulatory guidelines. Pinnacle Bank believes that it
has the appropriate monitoring controls in place should it exceed the regulatory guidelines in a future period.
104
The table below presents past due balances at December 31, 2017 and 2016, by loan classification and segment allocated between
performing and nonperforming status (in thousands):
30-89 days
past due
and
performing
90 days or
more past
due and
performing
Total past
due and
performing
Current
and
accruing
Purchase
credit
impaired
Nonaccrual
(1)
Nonaccruing
purchase
credit
impaired
Total
Loans
December 31, 2017
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied
$
6,772 $
104 $
6,876 $ 2,435,819 $
4,820 $
11,395 $
1,105 $ 2,460,015
All other
16,559
—
16,559
4,177,454
12,018
704
2,860
4,209,595
Consumer real estate –
mortgage
Construction and land
development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
December 31, 2016
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied
All other
Consumer real estate –
mortgage
Construction and land
development
Commercial and industrial
Consumer and other
$
$
14,835
1,265
16,100
2,521,748
5,249
9,320
8,797
2,561,214
4,136
7,406
6,311
146
1,348
1,276
4,282
8,754
7,587
1,894,560
4,114,127
345,076
3,478
1,154
—
2,878
17,222
—
3,090
1,908,288
84
—
4,141,341
352,663
56,019 $
4,139 $
60,158 $ 15,488,784 $
26,719 $
41,519 $
15,936 $ 15,633,116
3,505 $
— $
3,505 $ 1,347,134 $
— $
2,297 $
1,957 $ 1,354,893
—
3,838
2,210
4,475
7,168
—
53
—
—
1,081
—
1,837,936
3,891
1,173,953
2,210
4,475
8,249
903,850
2,879,740
257,405
—
—
—
—
—
239
5,553
3,205
6,971
475
428
1,838,603
2,520
1,185,917
3,408
912,673
524
—
2,891,710
266,129
$
21,196 $
1,134 $
22,330 $ 8,400,018 $
— $
18,740 $
8,837 $ 8,449,925
(1) Approximately $45.8 million and $16.7 million of nonaccrual loans as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, are currently
performing pursuant to their contractual terms.
The following table details the changes in the allowance for loan losses from December 31, 2015 to December 31, 2016 to
December 31, 2017 by loan classification and the allocation of allowance for loan losses (in thousands):
Commercial
real estate -
mortgage
Consumer
real estate -
mortgage
Construction
and land
development
Commercial
and
industrial
Consumer
and other
Unallocated
Total
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Balance at December 31, 2014
$
22,202 $
5,424 $
5,724 $
29,167 $
1,570 $
3,272 $
67,359
Charged-off loans
(384)
(365)
(190)
(2,207)
(18,002)
Recovery of previously charged-off
loans
Provision for loan losses
Balance at December 31, 2015
Collectively evaluated for impairment
Individually evaluated for impairment
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit
quality
Balance at December 31, 2015
Loans:
Collectively evaluated for impairment
Individually evaluated for impairment
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit
quality
$
$
$
$
85
(6,390)
874
1,287
1,479
(4,110)
1,730
(5,047)
5,865
26,183
15,513 $
7,220 $
2,903 $
23,643 $
15,616 $
537 $
15,452 $
61
—
6,109 $
1,111
—
2,891 $
22,669 $
12
—
974
—
12,609
3,007
—
$
—
—
(2,735)
(21,148)
10,033
9,188
65,432
59,730
5,165
—
15,513 $
7,220 $
2,903 $
23,643 $
15,616 $
537 $
65,432
2,269,439 $
1,033,479 $
740,090 $
2,222,714 $
240,066
$ 6,505,788
2,420
3,624
8,986
4,052
3,689
3,918
5,288
4,930
540
—
25,313
12,134
Balance at December 31, 2015
$
2,275,483 $
1,046,517 $
747,697 $
2,228,542 $
244,996
$ 6,543,235
105
Commercial
real estate -
mortgage
Consumer
real estate -
mortgage
Construction
and land
development
Commercial
and
industrial
Consumer
and other
Unallocated
Total
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Balance at December 31, 2015
$
15,513 $
7,220 $
2,903 $
23,643 $
15,616 $
537 $
65,432
Charged-off loans
Recovery of previously charged-off
loans
Provision for loan losses
Balance at December 31, 2016
Collectively evaluated for impairment
Individually evaluated for impairment
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit
quality
Balance at December 31, 2016
Loans:
Collectively evaluated for impairment
Individually evaluated for impairment
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit
quality
$
$
$
$
(276)
208
(1,790)
(788)
546
(414)
(231)
(5,801)
(24,016)
545
407
2,138
4,763
2,895
15,025
—
—
337
13,655 $
6,564 $
3,624 $
24,743 $
9,520 $
874 $
13,595 $
5,874 $
3,604 $
24,648 $
60
—
690
—
20
—
95
—
9,293
227
—
$
(31,112)
6,332
18,328
58,980
57,014
1,092
—
13,655 $
6,564 $
3,624 $
24,743 $
9,520 $
874 $
58,980
3,188,361 $
1,174,456 $
906,053 $
2,872,855 $
265,613
$ 8,407,338
2,750
2,385
8,941
2,520
3,212
3,408
18,331
524
516
—
33,750
8,837
Balance at December 31, 2016
$
3,193,496 $
1,185,917 $
912,673 $
2,891,710 $
266,129
$ 8,449,925
Commercial
real estate -
mortgage
Consumer
real estate -
mortgage
Construction
and land
development
Commercial
and
industrial
Consumer
and other
Unallocated
Total
Allowance for Loan Losses:
Balance at December 31, 2016
$
13,655 $
6,564 $
3,624 $
24,743 $
9,520 $
874 $
Charged-off loans
(633)
(1,461)
(137)
(4,297)
(15,518)
Recovery of previously charged-off
loans
Provision for loan losses
Balance at December 31, 2017
Collectively evaluated for impairment
Individually evaluated for impairment
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit
quality
Balance at December 31, 2017
Loans:
Collectively evaluated for impairment
$
$
$
$
671
7,495
1,516
(1,588)
1,136
4,339
1,317
3,100
2,002
9,870
21,188 $
5,031 $
8,962 $
24,863 $
5,874 $
1,322 $
20,753 $
4,460 $
8,879 $
23,181 $
5,874
$
95
340
410
161
66
17
1,627
55
—
—
21,188 $
5,031 $
8,962 $
24,863 $
5,874 $
1,322 $
67,240
6,630,593 $
2,534,996 $
1,896,553 $
4,116,677 $
352,663
$ 15,531,482
—
—
448
58,980
(22,047)
6,642
23,664
67,240
63,147
2,198
573
Individually evaluated for impairment
18,214
12,172
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit
quality
20,803
14,046
5,167
6,568
23,426
1,238
—
—
58,979
42,655
Balance at December 31, 2017
$
6,669,610 $
2,561,214 $
1,908,288 $
4,141,341 $
352,663
$ 15,633,116
The adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is assessed at the end of each calendar quarter. The level of the allowance is based
upon evaluation of the loan portfolio, historical loss experience, current asset quality trends, known and inherent risks in the portfolio,
adverse situations that may affect the borrowers' ability to repay (including the timing of future payment), the estimated value of any
underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, economic conditions, historical loss experience, industry and peer bank loan
quality indications and other pertinent factors, including regulatory recommendations.
At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial had granted loans and other extensions of credit amounting to approximately $26.4
million to current directors, executive officers, and their related entities, of which $16.1 million had been drawn upon. At
December 31, 2016, Pinnacle Financial had granted loans and other extensions of credit amounting to approximately $22.6 million to
directors, executive officers, and their related entities, of which approximately $14.8 million had been drawn upon. These loans and
extensions of credit were made in the ordinary course of business. None of these loans to directors, executive officers, and their related
entities were impaired at December 31, 2017 or 2016.
106
Residential Lending
At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial had approximately $103.7 million of mortgage loans held-for-sale compared to
approximately $47.7 million at December 31, 2016. Total loan volumes sold during the year ended December 31, 2017 were
approximately $1.1 billion compared to approximately $803.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. During the year ended
December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial recognized $18.6 million in gains on the sale of these loans, net of commissions paid,
compared to $15.8 million and $7.7 million, respectively, during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015.
These mortgage loans held-for-sale are originated internally and are primarily to borrowers in Pinnacle Bank's geographic
markets. These sales are typically on a mandatory basis to investors that follow conventional government sponsored entities (GSE)
and the Department of Housing and Urban Development/U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (HUD/VA) guidelines.
Each purchaser has specific guidelines and criteria for sellers of loans, and the risk of credit loss with regard to the principal
amount of the loans sold is generally transferred to the purchasers upon sale. While the loans are sold without recourse, the purchase
agreements require Pinnacle Bank to make certain representations and warranties regarding the existence and sufficiency of file
documentation and the absence of fraud by borrowers or other third parties such as appraisers in connection with obtaining the loan. If
it is determined that the loans sold were in breach of these representations or warranties, Pinnacle Bank has obligations to either
repurchase the loan for the unpaid principal balance and related investor fees or make the purchaser whole for the economic benefits
of the loan. To date, repurchase activity pursuant to the terms of these representations and warranties has been insignificant to Pinnacle
Bank.
Note 7. Mortgage Servicing Rights
Mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) are recorded at the lower of cost or market in "Other assets" on Pinnacle Financial's
consolidated balance sheets and are amortized over the remaining life of the loans and written off when a mortgage loan prepays prior
to maturity. Mortgage servicing rights had the following carrying values as of December 31, 2015 (in thousands):
Mortgage servicing rights
Gross
Carrying
Amount
2015
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
$
6,802
$
(390) $
6,412
The following table provides a detail of changes in the mortgage servicing right from September 1, 2015, the closing date of the
Magna Merger, to December 31, 2015:
Beginning balance acquired in Magna Merger
Add: Capitalized MSRs
Less: Amortization
Ending balance
Residential
$
$
6,641
161
390
6,412
Income and expense associated with these MSRs, which includes servicing fees, late charges, guarantee fees and loan payoff
interest, is recorded on a cash basis which approximates income as would be recorded on a U.S. GAAP basis. The following table
summarizes the net servicing fee revenues for the year ended December 31, 2015 (in thousands):
Gross servicing fees
Late charges and other ancillary revenue
Gross servicing revenue
Servicing asset amortization
Guaranty fees and loan pay-off interest
Other servicing expenses
Gross servicing expenses
Net servicing fee income
107
Residential
1,090
160
1,250
386
9
51
446
804
$
$
$
$
$
During the first quarter of 2016, in conjunction with a decision to exit the residential servicing line of business, Pinnacle Bank
sold the mortgage servicing rights associated with the $830 million Fannie Mae portion of the residential servicing portfolio for $6.6
million, net of associated costs to sell. Approximately $241,000 was recorded as income during the year ended December 31, 2016 as
a result of the sale.
Note 8. Premises and Equipment and Lease Commitments
Premises and equipment at December 31, 2017 and 2016 are summarized as follows (in thousands):
Land
Buildings
Leasehold improvements
Furniture and equipment
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
Range of Useful Lives
2017
2016
Not applicable
15 to 30 years
15 to 20 years
3 to 20 years
$
65,649
$
164,748
38,913
93,841
363,151
(97,137)
$
266,014
$
19,467
64,088
28,789
62,982
175,326
(86,422)
88,904
Depreciation and amortization expense was approximately $13.7 million, $9.9 million, and $8.5 million for the years ended
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Pinnacle Financial has entered into various operating leases, primarily for office space and branch facilities. Rent expense related
to these leases for 2017, 2016 and 2015 totaled $11.7 million, $8.4 million and $5.9 million, respectively. At December 31, 2017, the
approximate future minimum lease payments due under the aforementioned operating leases for their base term are as follows (in
thousands):
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
$
$
12,226
11,535
10,949
10,652
8,429
42,857
96,648
During 2016 and as a result of the acquisition of Avenue, Pinnacle Financial has entered into a single capital lease, primarily for
office space at an interest rate of 7.22% per year. Rent expense related to this lease for 2017 was approximately $225,000 and is
included in total rent expense above. At December 31, 2017, the approximate future minimum lease payments due under the
aforementioned capital lease for its base term are as follows (in thousands):
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
Total minimum lease payments
Less: amount representing interest
Present value of net minimum lease payments
$
$
$
426
470
470
470
470
3,028
5,334
(1,695)
3,639
108
(cid:3)Note 9. Deposits
At December 31, 2017, the scheduled maturities of time deposits are as follows (in thousands):
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
$
$
1,850,523
445,198
123,000
95,754
17,244
2,342
2,534,061
Additionally, at December 31, 2017 and 2016, approximately $1.3 billion and $602.9 million, respectively, of time deposits had
been issued in denominations of $100,000 or greater.
At December 31, 2017 and 2016, Pinnacle Financial had $3.5 million and $1.9 million, respectively, of deposit accounts in
overdraft status and thus have been reclassified to loans on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Note 10. Federal Home Loan Bank Advances
Pinnacle Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati (FHLB) and as a result, is eligible for advances from
the FHLB pursuant to the terms of various borrowing agreements, which assist Pinnacle Bank in the funding of its home mortgage and
commercial real estate loan portfolios. Pinnacle Bank has pledged certain qualifying residential mortgage loans and, pursuant to a
blanket lien, certain qualifying commercial mortgage loans with an aggregate carrying value of approximately $5.5 billion as
collateral under the borrowing agreements with the FHLB.
At December 31, 2017 and 2016, Pinnacle Financial had received advances from the FHLB totaling $1.3 billion and $406.2
million, respectively. Additionally, Pinnacle Financial recognized a discount of $167,000 on FHLB advances in conjunction with its
acquisition of Avenue in July 2016. At December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, the remaining discount was $13,000 and $92,000.
At December 31, 2017, the scheduled maturities of FHLB advances and interest rates are as follows (in thousands):
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
Weighted average interest rate
Scheduled
Maturities
Weighted
average
interest rates
$
557,501
356,000
272,627
133,750
—
17
$
1,319,895
1.46%
1.64%
1.74%
1.87%
—
2.75%
1.61%
At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Bank had accommodations which allow it to borrow from the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta's
discount window and purchase Federal funds from several of its correspondent banks on an overnight basis at prevailing overnight
market rates. These accommodations are subject to various restrictions as to their term and availability, and in most cases, must be
repaid within less than a month. At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Bank had approximately $4.3 billion in borrowing availability with
the FHLB, the Federal Reserve Bank discount window, and other correspondent banks with whom Pinnacle Bank has arranged lines
of credit. At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Bank was not carrying any balances with the Federal Reserve Bank discount window or
correspondent banks under these arrangements.
Note 11. Other Borrowings
Pinnacle Financial has twelve wholly-owned subsidiaries that are statutory business trusts created for the exclusive purpose of
issuing 30-year capital trust preferred securities. Additionally, Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank have entered into, or assumed in
connection with acquisitions, certain other subordinated debt agreements and a revolving credit facility as outlined below (in
thousands):
109
Name
Date Established
Maturity
Total Debt
Outstanding
Interest Rate at
December 31, 2017
Coupon Structure
Trust preferred securities
Pinnacle Statutory Trust I
Pinnacle Statutory Trust II
December 29, 2003 December 30, 2033 $
September 15, 2005 September 30, 2035
Pinnacle Statutory Trust III
September 7, 2006 September 30, 2036
Pinnacle Statutory Trust IV
October 31, 2007
September 30, 2037
BNC Capital Trust I
BNC Capital Trust II
BNC Capital Trust III
BNC Capital Trust IV
Valley Financial Trust I
Valley Financial Trust II
April 3, 2003
April 15, 2033
March 11, 2004
April 7, 2034
September 23, 2004 September 23, 2034
September 27, 2006 December 31, 2036
August 5, 2005
September 30, 2035
June 6, 2003
June 26, 2033
Valley Financial Trust III
September 26, 2005 December 15, 2035
Southcoast Capital Trust III
December 15, 2006
January 30, 2037
Subordinated Debt
Pinnacle Bank Subordinated Notes
July 30, 2015
July 30, 2025
Pinnacle Bank Subordinated Notes
March 10, 2016
July 30, 2025
Avenue Subordinated Notes
December 29, 2014 December 29, 2024
Pinnacle Financial Subordinated Notes November 16, 2016 November 16, 2026
BNC Subordinated Notes
BNC Subordinated Note
September 25, 2014
October 1, 2024
October 15, 2013
October 15, 2023
10,310
20,619
20,619
30,928
5,155
6,186
5,155
7,217
4,124
7,217
5,155
10,310
60,000
70,000
20,000
120,000
60,000
10,500
Other Borrowings
Revolving credit facility(6)
Debt issuance costs and fair value adjustment
March 29, 2016
Total subordinated debt and other borrowings
March 27, 2018
—
(7,990)
$
465,505
4.40% 30-day LIBOR + 2.80%
3.09% 30-day LIBOR + 1.40%
3.34% 30-day LIBOR + 1.65%
4.44% 30-day LIBOR + 2.85%
4.61% 30-day LIBOR + 3.25%
4.21% 30-day LIBOR + 2.85%
3.76% 30-day LIBOR + 2.40%
3.39% 30-day LIBOR + 1.70%
4.77% 30-day LIBOR + 3.10%
3.08% 30-day LIBOR + 1.49%
3.11% 30-day LIBOR + 1.73%
3.19% 30-day LIBOR + 1.50%
4.88%
4.88%
6.75%
5.25%
Fixed(1)
Fixed(1)
Fixed(2)
Fixed(3)
Fixed(4)
5.50%
6.35% 30-day LIBOR + 5.0%(5)
(1) Migrates to three month LIBOR + 3.128% beginning July 30, 2020 through the end of the term.
(2) Migrates to three month LIBOR + 4.95% beginning January 1, 2020 through the end of the term.
(3) Migrates to three month LIBOR + 3.884% beginning November 16, 2021 through the end of the term.
(4) Migrates to three month LIBOR + 3.59% beginning October 1, 2019 through the end of the term if not redeemed on that date.
(5) Coupon structure includes a floor of 5.0% and a cap of 9.5%.
(6) Borrowing capacity on the revolving credit facility is $75.0 million. At December 31, 2017, there was no outstanding balance under this
facility. The rate under this facility is 2.25% plus the greater of zero percent and 30-day LIBOR with a maturity date of March 27, 2018 and
an unused fee of 0.35% of average daily unused amount of loan.
Note 12. Income Taxes
Income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each of the years ended December 31 is as follows (in thousands):
Current tax expense :
Federal
State
Total current tax expense
Deferred tax expense:
Federal
State
Deferred tax revaluation expense
Total deferred tax expense
Total income tax expense
2017
2016
2015
$
63,496
$
49,769
$
860
64,356
26,339
1,826
31,486
59,651
—
49,769
12,776
1,614
—
14,390
$
124,007
$
64,159
$
41,721
48
41,769
4,963
857
—
5,819
47,589
110
Pinnacle Financial's income tax expense differs from the amounts computed by applying the Federal income tax statutory rates of
35% to income (loss) before income taxes. A reconciliation of the differences for each of the years in the three-year period ended
December 31, 2017 is as follows (in thousands):
Income tax expense at statutory rate
State excise tax expense, net of federal tax effect
Tax-exempt securities
Federal tax credits
Bank owned life insurance
Insurance premiums
Revaluation of deferred tax assets and liabilities due to Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
Excess tax benefits associated with equity compensation
Change in uncertain tax positions
Other items
Income tax expense
2017
2016
2015
$
$
104,295
1,746
(5,666)
(434)
(2,778)
(283)
31,486
(5,365)
—
1,006
124,007
$
$
66,984
1,049
(2,510)
(282)
(1,242)
(159)
—
—
—
319
64,159
$
$
50,084
588
(2,543)
—
(892)
(306)
—
—
—
658
47,589
Pinnacle Financial's effective tax rate for 2017 and 2016 differs from the statutory income tax rates primarily due to a state excise
tax expense, investments in bank qualified municipal securities, our real estate investment trust, participation in the Community
Investment Tax Credit (CITC) program, and bank owned life insurance, offset in part by the limitation on deductibility of meals and
entertainment expense, certain merger-related expenses and the deferred tax asset revaluation in 2017 pursuant to the enactment of the
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was signed into law. Among other items, the Tax Cuts and
Jobs Act reduced the corporate statutory tax rate from 35% to 21%. As a result of such decrease, Pinnacle Financial recognized a
charge of $31.5 million in 2017 resulting from the revaluation of its deferred tax assets.
The components of deferred income taxes included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at
December 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows (in thousands):
2017
2016
Deferred tax assets:
Loan loss allowance
Loans
Insurance
Accrued liability for supplemental retirement agreements
Restricted stock and stock options
Securities
Cash flow hedge
Equity method investment
Leases
Other real estate owned
Net federal operating loss carryforward and credits
Other deferred tax assets
Total deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation and amortization
Core deposit intangible asset
Securities
REIT dividends
FHLB related liabilities
Subordinated debt
Other deferred tax liabilities
Total deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax assets
$
16,240
$
46,567
614
7,413
8,232
—
499
635
1,738
2,809
18,085
5,373
108,205
11,504
14,073
616
3,073
922
1,077
1,171
32,436
$
75,769
$
111
22,308
15,534
869
5,587
8,643
4,275
1,520
858
1,627
149
—
6,413
67,783
5,823
5,621
—
4,602
285
1,001
679
18,011
49,772
ASC 740, Income Taxes, defines the threshold for recognizing the benefits of tax return positions in the financial statements as
"more-likely-than-not" to be sustained by the taxing authority. This section also provides guidance on the derecognition, measurement
and classification of income tax uncertainties, along with any related interest and penalties, and includes guidance concerning
accounting for income tax uncertainties in interim periods. At December 31, 2017, the Company had federal and state loss and tax
credit carryforwards of approximately $18.5 million that expire at various dates from 2027 to 2036.
On December 22, 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”), which provides guidance on
accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond
one year from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act's enactment date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740, Income Taxes.
The Company’s financial results reflect the income tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act for which the accounting under ASC Topic
740 is complete and provisional amounts for those specific income tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act for which the accounting
under ASC Topic 740 is incomplete but a reasonable estimate could be determined.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending unrecognized tax benefit related to state uncertain tax positions is as follows (in
thousands):
Balance at January 1,
Increases (decreases) due to tax positions taken during the current year
Increases due to tax positions taken during a prior year
Decreases due to the lapse of the statute of limitations during the current year
Decreases due to settlements with the taxing authorities during the current year
Balance at December 31,
2017
2016
2015
1,274
$
1,564
134
$
1,140
—
—
—
—
—
—
2,838
$
1,274
$
391
(257)
—
—
—
134
$
$
Pinnacle Financial's policy is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. No interest
and penalties were recorded for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Note 13. Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
In the normal course of business, Pinnacle Financial has entered into off-balance sheet financial instruments which include
commitments to extend credit (i.e., including unfunded lines of credit) and standby letters of credit. Commitments to extend credit are
usually the result of lines of credit granted to existing borrowers under agreements that the total outstanding indebtedness will not
exceed a specific amount during the term of the indebtedness. Typical borrowers are commercial concerns that use lines of credit to
supplement their treasury management functions, thus their total outstanding indebtedness may fluctuate during any time period based
on the seasonality of their business and the resultant timing of their cash flows. Other typical lines of credit are related to home equity
loans granted to consumers. Commitments to extend credit generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may
require payment of a fee. At December 31, 2017, these commitments amounted to $5.8 billion, of which approximately $887.6 million
related to home equity lines of credit.
Standby letters of credit are generally issued on behalf of an applicant (customer) to a specifically named beneficiary and are the
result of a particular business arrangement that exists between the applicant and the beneficiary. Standby letters of credit have fixed
expiration dates and are usually for terms of two years or less unless terminated beforehand due to criteria specified in the standby
letter of credit. A typical arrangement involves the applicant routinely being indebted to the beneficiary for such items as inventory
purchases, insurance, utilities, lease guarantees or other third party commercial transactions. The standby letter of credit would permit
the beneficiary to obtain payment from Pinnacle Financial under certain prescribed circumstances. Subsequently, Pinnacle Financial
would then seek reimbursement from the applicant pursuant to the terms of the standby letter of credit. At December 31, 2017, these
commitments amounted to $143.7 million.
Pinnacle Financial follows the same credit policies and underwriting practices when making these commitments as it does for on-
balance sheet instruments. Each customer's creditworthiness is evaluated on a case-by-case basis and the amount of collateral
obtained, if any, is based on management's credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral held varies but may include cash, real estate
and improvements, marketable securities, accounts receivable, inventory, equipment, and personal property.
The contractual amounts of these commitments are not reflected in the consolidated financial statements and would only be
reflected if drawn upon. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the contractual amounts do
not necessarily represent future cash requirements. However, should the commitments be drawn upon and should our customers
default on their resulting obligation to us, Pinnacle Financial's maximum exposure to credit loss, without consideration of collateral, is
represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial had accrued $3.1 million for
the inherent risks associated with off balance sheet commitments.
112
Various legal claims also arise from time to time in the normal course of business. In the opinion of management, the resolution of
these routine claims outstanding at December 31, 2017 will not have a material impact on Pinnacle Financial's consolidated financial
condition, operating results or cash flows.
Note 14. Salary Deferral Plans
Pinnacle Financial has a 401(k) retirement plan (the 401k Plan) covering all employees who elect to participate, subject to certain
eligibility requirements. The Plan allows employees to defer up to 50% of their salary subject to regulatory limitations with Pinnacle
Financial matching 100% of the first 4% of employee self-directed contributions during 2017, 2016, and 2015. Pinnacle Financial's
expense associated with the matching component of the plan for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2017
was approximately $5.9 million, $4.0 million and $2.7 million, respectively, and is included in the accompanying consolidated
statements of operations in salaries and employee benefits expense.
Pinnacle Financial assumed nonqualified noncontributory supplemental retirement agreements (the Cavalry SRAs) for certain
directors and executive officers of Cavalry Bancorp, Inc. (Cavalry), which Pinnacle Financial acquired in 2006. During 2007, Pinnacle
Financial offered a settlement to all participants in the Cavalry SRAs with eleven participants accepting the settlement. One
individual remains as a participant in the Cavalry SRAs. At December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, included in other liabilities is $1.0
million, $1.2 million, and $1.3 million, respectively, which represents the net present value of the future obligation owed the
remaining participant in the Cavalry SRAs using a discount rate of 5% at December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.
In conjunction with other completed acquisitions, Pinnacle has assumed $33.0 million in liabilities associated with existing
supplemental executive retirement plans, of which $20.0 million have been fully funded with rabbi trusts. The remaining amounts that
are not funded are included in other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Note 15. Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights and Restricted Shares
As of December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial has two equity incentive plans under which it is able to grant awards, the 2014
Equity Incentive Plan (2014 Plan) and the BNC Bancorp 2013 Amended and Restated Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (BNC Plan)
it assumed in connection with the BNC Merger. Pinnacle Financial also assumed the stock option plan of CapitalMark (the
CapitalMark Option Plan) it assumed in connection with the CapitalMark Merger but Pinnacle Financial is not able to grant awards
thereunder. In addition, awards previously granted remain outstanding under equity plans previously adopted by Pinnacle
Financial's board of directors and shareholders. No new awards may be granted under plans other than the 2014 Plan, or in the case
of associates that were former associates of BNC or its subsidiaries, the BNC Plan.
Total shares available for issuance under the 2014 Plan were approximately 672,000 shares as of December 31, 2017,
inclusive of shares returned to plan reserves during the year ended December 31, 2017. The 2014 Plan also permits Pinnacle
Financial to issue additional awards to the extent that currently outstanding awards are subsequently forfeited, settled in cash,
transferred to Pinnacle Financial in satisfaction of withholding tax obligations on vested awards or expired unexercised and
returned to the 2014 Plan. Upon the acquisition of CapitalMark, Pinnacle Financial assumed approximately 858,000 of stock
options under the CapitalMark Plan. No further shares remain available for issuance under the CapitalMark Option Plan. There
were approximately 29,000 shares available for issuance under the BNC Plan as of December 31, 2017. No options were assumed
upon the acquisition of Magna, Avenue or BNC as all preexisting Magna, Avenue and BNC stock options were converted to cash
upon acquisition.
Common Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights
As of December 31, 2017, of the 274,586 stock options outstanding, approximately 113,061 options were granted with the
intention to be incentive stock options qualifying under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code for favorable tax treatment to the
option holder while approximately 161,525 options would be deemed non-qualified stock options and thus not subject to favorable
tax treatment to the option holder. Favorable treatment generally refers to the recipient of the award not having to report ordinary
income at the date of exercise. All stock options granted under the Pinnacle Financial equity incentive plans vested in equal
increments over five years from the date of grant, are fully vested as of December 31, 2017 and are exercisable over a period of ten
years from the date of grant. All stock options granted under the CapitalMark Plan were fully vested at the date of the CapitalMark
merger.
113
A summary of stock option and stock appreciation right activity within the equity incentive plans during each of the years in
the three-year period ended December 31, 2017 and information regarding expected vesting, contractual terms remaining, intrinsic
values and other matters was as follows:
Outstanding at December 31, 2014
Options acquired upon acquisition of CapitalMark
Granted
Stock options exercised
Stock appreciation rights exercised (2)
Forfeited
Outstanding at December 31, 2015
Granted
Stock options exercised
Stock appreciation rights exercised (2)
Forfeited
Outstanding at December 31, 2016
Granted
Stock options exercised (3)
Forfeited
Outstanding at December 31, 2017
Options exercisable at December 31, 2017
Number
698,488
$
858,148
—
(303,754)
(1,276)
(5)
1,251,601
$
—
(698,673)
(2,435)
(3)
550,490
$
—
(275,904)
—
274,586
274,586
$
$
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
Weighted-
Average
Contractual
Remaining Term
(in years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value (1)
(000's)
26.89
17.62
—
24.09
15.60
23.88
21.23
—
21.63
15.60
29.50
20.75
—
20.09
—
21.40
21.40
3.06
3.06
$
$
12,329
12,329
(1) The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying awards and the quoted price of
Pinnacle Financial Common Stock of $66.30 per common share at December 31, 2017 for the 274,586 options that were in-the-money
at December 31, 2017.
(2) The 1,276 stock appreciation rights exercised during 2015 settled in 559 shares of Pinnacle Financial Common Stock. The 2,435 stock
(3)
appreciation rights exercised during 2016 settled in 1,137 shares of Pinnacle Financial Common Stock.
Includes 750 stock options which were exercised in a stock swap transaction which settled in 277 shares of Pinnacle Financial common
stock.
During each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2017, the aggregate intrinsic value of stock options and
stock appreciation rights exercised under Pinnacle Financial's equity incentive plans was $12.3 million, $21.7 million and $7.6
million, respectively, determined as of the date of option exercise.
There have been no options granted by Pinnacle Financial since 2008. All stock option awards granted by Pinnacle Financial
were fully vested during 2013. Stock options granted under the CapitalMark Plan were fully vested at the time of acquisition. As
such, there was no impact on the results of operations for stock-based compensation related to stock options for the three-year
period ended December 31, 2017.
Restricted Shares
Additionally, the 2014 Plan and the BNC Plan provide for the granting of restricted share awards and other performance or
market-based awards. There were no market-based awards or stock appreciation rights outstanding as of December 31, 2017 under
the 2014 Plan or the BNC Plan. During the three-year period ended December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial awarded 261,942,
177,664 and 231,504 shares of restricted stock to certain Pinnacle Financial associates and outside directors.
114
A summary of activity for unvested restricted share awards for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 follows:
Unvested at December 31, 2014
Shares awarded
Conversion of previously granted restricted share units to restricted share awards
Restrictions lapsed and shares released to associates/directors
Shares forfeited
Unvested at December 31, 2015
Shares awarded
Conversion of previously granted restricted share units to restricted share awards
Restrictions lapsed and shares released to associates/directors
Shares forfeited
Unvested at December 31, 2016
Shares awarded
Conversion of previously granted restricted share units to restricted share awards
Shares assumed in connection with acquisition of BNC
Restrictions lapsed and shares released to associates/directors
Shares forfeited
Unvested at December 31, 2017
Number
Grant Date
Weighted-
Average Cost
849,198
$
231,504
43,711
(240,102)
(17,997)
866,314
$
177,664
43,694
(245,873)
(21,260)
820,539
$
261,942
43,680
136,890
(292,896)
(34,020)
936,135
$
24.26
45.71
34.50
23.00
30.01
31.39
48.61
46.37
28.39
39.88
36.47
67.14
69.40
67.25
37.59
54.71
50.08
Pinnacle Financial grants restricted share awards to associates (including members of executive management) and outside
directors with a combination of time and, in the case of executive management, performance vesting criteria. The following tables
outline restricted stock grants that were made by grant year, grouped by similar vesting criteria, during the three year period ended
December 31, 2017. The table below reflects the life-to-date activity for these awards:
Grant
Year
Group (1)
Time Based Awards
Vesting
Period in
years
Shares
awarded
Restrictions
Lapsed and
shares released
to participants
Shares
Withheld
for taxes by
participants
Shares
Forfeited by
participants (9)
Shares
Unvested
2015
2016
2015
Associates (2)
Leadership team (3)
Associates (2)
Associates (2)
Associates (2) (4)
Performance Based Awards
2017
2017
2015
2015
2016
2016
2017
Leadership team (5)
Leadership team (6)
Leadership team (5)
Leadership team (7)
Leadership team (5)
Outside Director Awards (8)
2015
2016
2017
Outside directors
Outside directors
Outside directors
5
5
5
3 - 5
3 - 5
5
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
190,528
16,605
143,273
248,265
136,890
43,711
11,302
43,694
15,468
43,680
13,069
18,923
13,677
53,574
2,530
19,490
388
40,317
—
2,679
—
—
—
11,298
15,471
2,376
19,405
788
7,316
198
—
—
1,086
—
—
—
1,771
2,266
796
19,136
—
15,126
14,085
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
1,186
—
98,413
13,287
101,341
233,594
96,573
43,711
7,537
43,694
15,468
43,680
—
—
10,505
(1) Groups include employees (referred to as associates above), the leadership team which includes our named executive officers and other
key senior leadership members, and outside directors. When the restricted shares are awarded, a participant receives voting rights and
forfeitable dividend rights with respect to the shares, but is not able to transfer the shares until the restrictions have lapsed. Once the
restrictions lapse, the participant is taxed on the value of the award and may elect to sell some shares (or have Pinnacle Financial
withhold some shares) to pay the applicable income taxes associated with the vested portion of the award. For time-based vesting
restricted share awards, dividends paid on shares for which the forfeiture restrictions do not lapse will be recouped by Pinnacle
115
Financial at the time of termination. For performance-based vesting awards, dividends are placed into escrow until the forfeiture
restrictions on such shares lapse.
(2) The forfeiture restrictions on these restricted share awards lapse in equal annual installments on the anniversary date of the grant.
(3) These shares were awarded to individuals joining the leadership team upon acquisition of Magna. The forfeiture restrictions on these
restricted share awards lapse in equal installments on the anniversary date of the grant.
(4) Restricted share awards issued to associates that were former associates of BNC in connection with the acquisition of BNC.
(5) Reflects settlement of restricted share units issued in prior years in restricted share awards. The forfeiture restrictions on these restricted
share awards lapse in separate equal installments should Pinnacle Financial achieve certain soundness targets over each year of the
subsequent vesting period. Half of the awards include a four-year vesting period while the remainder include a three-year vesting
period.
(6) These shares were awarded to individuals joining the leadership team upon acquisition of CapitalMark. The forfeiture restrictions on
these restricted share awards lapse in separate equal installments should Pinnacle Financial achieve certain earnings targets over each
year of the vesting period and should the recipient thereafter remain employed by Pinnacle Financial for a subsequent vesting period.
(7) These shares were awarded to individuals joining the leadership team upon acquisition of Avenue. The forfeiture restrictions on these
restricted share awards lapse in separate equal installments should Pinnacle Financial achieve certain earnings targets over each year of
the vesting period and should the recipient thereafter remain employed by Pinnacle Financial for a subsequent vesting period.
(8) Restricted share awards are issued to the outside members of the board of directors in accordance with their board compensation plan.
Restrictions lapse on the one year anniversary date of the award based on each individual board member meeting attendance goals for
the various board and board committee meetings to which each member was scheduled to attend.
(9) These shares represent forfeitures resulting from recipients whose employment or board membership terminated during the year ended
December 31, 2017. Any dividends paid on shares for which the forfeiture restrictions do not lapse will be recouped by Pinnacle
Financial at the time of termination or will not be distributed from escrow, as applicable.
Compensation expense associated with the performance-based vesting restricted share awards is recognized over the time
period that the restrictions associated with the awards are anticipated to lapse based on a graded vesting schedule such that each
traunche is amortized separately. Compensation expense associated with the time-based vesting restricted share awards is
recognized over the time period that the restrictions associated with the awards lapse on a straight-line basis based on the total cost
of the award.
Restricted Share Units
The following table details the restricted share unit awards outstanding at December 31, 2017:
Units Awarded
Grant
year
2017
Named Executive
Officers
(NEOs) (1)
72,537-109,339
Leadership Team
other than NEOs
24,916
2016
73,474-110,223
26,683
2015
58,200-101,850
28,378
2014 (3)
58,404-102,209
29,087
Applicable
Performance
Periods associated
with each tranche
(fiscal year)
Service period per
tranche
(in years)
Subsequent
holding period
per tranche
(in years)
Shares settled into
RSAs as of period
end (2)
2017
2018
2019
2016
2017
2018
2015
2016
2017
2014
2014
2015
2015
2016
2016
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
5
4
4
3
3
2
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
21,856
21,856
21,847
21,847
21,840
21,840
(1) The named executive officers are awarded a range of awards that may be earned based on attainment of goals at a target level of performance
to the maximum level of performance.
(2) Performance-based vesting restricted stock unit awards granted in 2017, 2016 and 2015 if earned will be settled in shares of Pinnacle
Financial Common Stock.
116
(3) Restrictions on half of the shares issued as restricted share awards in settlement of units will lapse commensurate with the filing of the
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 and 2019, respectively, and are reflected as restricted stock awards in the year in which
the shares are issued in settlement of the units.
A summary of stock compensation expense, net of the impact of income taxes, related to restricted share awards and restricted
share units for the three-year period ended December 31, 2017, follows (in thousands except per share data):
Restricted stock expense
Income tax benefit
Restricted stock expense, net of income tax benefit
2017
2016
2015
$
$
19,538
7,665
11,873
$
$
10,971
4,306
6,665
$
$
6,033
2,368
3,665
As of the December 31, 2017, the total compensation cost related to unvested restricted share awards and restricted share units
not yet recognized was $30.9 million. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.98 years.
Note 16. Derivative Instruments
Financial derivatives are reported at fair value in other assets or other liabilities. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a
derivative depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship. For derivatives not designated as
hedges, the gain or loss is recognized in current earnings.
Non-hedge derivatives
Pinnacle Financial enters into interest rate swaps (swaps) to facilitate customer transactions and meet their financing needs. Upon
entering into these instruments to meet customer needs, Pinnacle Financial enters into offsetting positions in order to minimize the risk
to Pinnacle Financial. These swaps qualify as derivatives, but are not designated as hedging instruments.
Interest rate swap contracts involve the risk of dealing with counterparties and their ability to meet contractual terms. When the
fair value of a derivative instrument contract is positive, this generally indicates that the counter party or customer owes Pinnacle
Financial, and results in credit risk to Pinnacle Financial. When the fair value of a derivative instrument contract is negative, Pinnacle
Financial owes the customer or counterparty and therefore, Pinnacle Financial has no credit risk.
A summary of Pinnacle Financial's interest rate swaps to facilitate customer transactions as of December 31, 2017 and
December 31, 2016 is included in the following table (in thousands):
Interest rate swap agreements:
Pay fixed / receive variable swaps
Pay variable / receive fixed swaps
Total
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
Notional
Amount
Estimated
Fair Value
Notional
Amount
Estimated
Fair Value
$
$
748,625
748,625
1,497,250
$
$
$
13,771
(13,866)
(95) $
666,572
666,572
1,333,144
$
$
16,004
(16,138)
(134)
117
(cid:3)Hedge(cid:3)derivatives
Pinnacle Financial has forward cash flow hedge relationships to manage future interest rate exposure. The hedging strategy
converts the LIBOR-based variable interest rate on forecasted borrowings to a fixed interest rate and protects Pinnacle Financial from
floating interest rate variability. A summary of Pinnacle Financial's cash flow hedge relationships as of December 31, 2017 and 2016
are as follows (in thousands):
Forecasted
Notional
Amount
Receive Rate
Pay
Rate
Interest Rate Swap $
33,000 3 month LIBOR
2.265%
Interest Rate Swap
33,000 3 month LIBOR
2.646%
Interest Rate Swap
33,000 3 month LIBOR
2.523%
Interest Rate Swap
33,000 3 month LIBOR
2.992%
Interest Rate Swap
34,000 3 month LIBOR
3.118%
Interest Rate Swap
34,000 3 month LIBOR
3.158%
$
200,000
Term(1)
April 2016 -
April 2020
April 2016 -
April 2022
Oct. 2016 -
Oct. 2020
Oct. 2017 -
Oct. 2021
April 2018 -
July 2022
July 2018 -
Oct. 2022
(1) No cash will be exchanged prior to the beginning of the term.
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
Unrealized Loss
in Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
Asset/
(Liabilities)
Unrealized Loss
in Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
Asset/
(Liabilities)
(146)
(647)
(382)
(998)
(1,205)
(1,205)
(4,583)
(89)
(727)
(393)
(1,304)
(232)
(1,081)
(606)
(1,200)
(732)
(1,222)
(442)
(792)
(657)
(729)
(743)
(733)
(2,785)
(1,198)
(6,732)
(728)
(4,091)
Pinnacle Financial has interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges intended to protect against the variability of
cash flows on selected LIBOR-based loans. The swaps hedge the interest rate risk, wherein Pinnacle Financial receives a fixed rate of
interest from a counterparty and pays a variable rate, based on one month LIBOR. The swaps were entered into with a counterparty
that met Pinnacle Financial's credit standards and the agreements contain collateral provisions protecting the at-risk party. The
following outlines the interest rate swap agreements in place at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands):
Forecasted
Notional
Amount
Receive
Rate
Pay
Rate
Interest Rate Swap (1)
$
— 2.090% 1 month LIBOR
Interest Rate Swap (1)
— 2.270% 1 month LIBOR
Interest Rate Swap (1)
— 2.420% 1 month LIBOR
Interest Rate Swap (1)
— 2.500% 1 month LIBOR
Interest Rate Swap (1)
— 1.470% 1 month LIBOR
$
—
Term
July 2014 -
July 2021
July 2014 -
July 2022
July 2014 -
July 2023
July 2014 -
July 2024
August 2015 -
August 2020
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
Unrealized
Gain (Loss) in
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
Unrealized
Gain (Loss) in
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
Asset/
(Liabilities)
Asset/
(Liabilities)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
395
610
874
900
240
371
531
547
(75)
2,704
(46)
1,643
(1) Each of these swaps were terminated via cash settlement in the second quarter of 2017. As a result of terminating these contracts in the
second quarter of 2017, Pinnacle Financial began recognizing a gain of $3.1 million over the original terms of these agreements.
118
The cash flow hedges were determined to be fully effective during the periods presented. Therefore, no amount of ineffectiveness
has been included in net income. The aggregate fair value of the swaps is recorded in other assets or other liabilities with changes in
fair value recorded in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax. If a hedge was deemed to be ineffective, the amount
included in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income would be reclassified into a line item within the statement of income that
impacts operating results. The hedge would no longer be considered effective if a portion of the hedge becomes ineffective, the item
hedged is no longer in existence or Pinnacle Financial discontinues hedge accounting. Other than the interest rate swaps agreements
terminated in the second quarter of 2017, Pinnacle Financial expects the hedges to remain fully effective during the remaining terms of
the swaps. Pinnacle Financial does not expect any amounts to be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income
related to these swaps over the next twelve months.
Note 17. Employment Contracts
Pinnacle Financial has entered into, and subsequently amended employment agreements with four of its senior executives: the
President and Chief Executive Officer, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Administrative Officer and the Chief Financial Officer.
These agreements, as amended, automatically renew each year on January 1 for an additional year unless any of the parties to the
agreements gives notice of intent not to renew the agreement prior to November 30th of the preceding year, in which case the
agreement terminates 30 days later. The agreements specify that in certain defined "Terminating Events," Pinnacle Financial will be
obligated to pay each of the four senior executives certain amounts, which vary according to the Terminating Event, which is based on
their annual salaries and bonuses. These Terminating Events include termination for disability, cause, without cause and other events.
During 2012, Pinnacle Financial entered into, and subsequently amended, a change of control agreement with its Senior Credit
Officer providing the employee with certain benefits if his employment is terminated under certain scenarios within twelve months of
a change in control. This agreement automatically renews each year on January 1 unless a party to the agreement notifies the other
parties of intent not to renew the agreement prior to November 30th of the preceding year, in which case the agreement terminates 30
days later.
In connection with the Avenue Merger, Pinnacle Financial entered into an employment agreement with its Vice Chairman. This
agreement is on similar terms as the employment agreements with the four senior executives described above, except that it provides
for a fixed three-year term and does not automatically renew.
In connection with the BNC Merger, Pinnacle Financial entered into an employment agreement with its Chairman of the
Carolinas and Virginia. This agreement is on similar terms as the other employment agreements, except that it provides for an initial
fixed three-year term and automatic renewal occurs following the initial term in the same manner as the employment agreements of
the four senior executives described above. This agreement also provides for the payment of certain deferred benefits under his prior
employment agreement with BNC upon termination of his employment with Pinnacle Financial.
Note 18. Related Party Transactions
A local public relations company, of which one of Pinnacle Financial's former directors is a principal, has provided various
services for Pinnacle Financial. This director's term ended during the year ended December 31, 2016 and therefore the relationship
was no longer considered to be a related party transaction. During the year ended December 31, 2015 Pinnacle Financial incurred no
expenses relating to services rendered by this public relations company. During the year ended December 31, 2016, $20,000 in
expenses were incurred relating to services rendered by this public relations company. During the year ended December 31, 2017, no
expenses were incurred relating to services rendered by this public relations company.
Also see Note 6 - "Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses", concerning loans and other extensions of credit to certain directors,
officers, and their related entities and individuals and Note 14 – "Salary Deferral Plans" regarding supplemental retirement agreement
obligations to certain directors who were formerly directors of acquired banks.
Note 19. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
FASB ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring
fair value in U.S. GAAP and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The definition of fair value focuses on the exit
price, i.e., the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market
participants at the measurement date, not the entry price, i.e., the price that would be paid to acquire the asset or received to assume
the liability at the measurement date. The statement emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement; not an entity-
specific measurement. Therefore, the fair value measurement should be determined based on the assumptions that market
participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
119
Valuation Hierarchy
FASB ASC 820 establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation
hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. The three
levels are defined as follows:
•
•
•
Level 1 – inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active
markets.
Level 2 – inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and
inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the
financial instrument.
Level 3 – inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.
A financial instrument's categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant
to the fair value measurement. Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured at
fair value, as well as the general classification of such assets and liabilities pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.
Assets
Securities available-for-sale – Where quoted prices are available for identical securities in an active market, securities are
classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 securities include highly liquid government securities and certain other
financial products. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models that use
observable inputs or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics and are classified within Level 2 of the valuation
hierarchy. In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation and more complex
pricing models or discounted cash flows are used, securities are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.
Other investments – Included in other assets are other investments recorded at fair value primarily in certain nonpublic entities
and funds. The valuation of these nonpublic investments requires management judgment due to the absence of observable quoted
market prices, inherent lack of liquidity and the long-term nature of such assets. These investments are valued initially based upon
transaction price. The carrying values of other investments are adjusted either upwards or downwards from the transaction price to
reflect expected exit values as evidenced by financing and sale transactions with third parties, or when determination of a valuation
adjustment is confirmed through ongoing reviews by senior investment managers. A variety of factors are reviewed and monitored
to assess positive and negative changes in valuation including, but not limited to, current operating performance and future
expectations of the particular investment, industry valuations of comparable public companies and changes in market outlook and
the third-party financing environment over time. In determining valuation adjustments resulting from the investment review
process, emphasis is placed on current company performance and market conditions. These investments are included in Level 3 of
the valuation hierarchy as these entities and funds are not widely traded and the underlying investments are often privately-held
and/or start-up companies for which market values are not readily available.
Other assets – Included in other assets are certain assets carried at fair value, including interest rate swap agreements, the cash
flow hedge and interest rate locks associated with the mortgage loan pipeline. The carrying amount of interest rate swap
agreements is based on Pinnacle Financial's pricing models that utilize observable market inputs. The fair value of the cash flow
hedge is determined by calculating the difference between the discounted fixed rate cash flows and the discounted variable rate
cash flows. The fair value of the mortgage loan pipeline is based upon the projected sales price of the underlying loans, taking into
account market interest rates and other market factors at the measurement date, net of the projected fallout rate. Pinnacle Financial
reflects these assets within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy as these assets are valued using similar transactions that occur in the
market.
Nonaccrual loans – A loan is classified as nonaccrual when it is probable Pinnacle Financial will be unable to collect all
principal and interest payments due in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Nonaccrual loans are
measured based on the present value of expected payments using the loan's original effective rate as the discount rate, the loan's
observable market price, or the fair value of the collateral less selling costs if the loan is collateral dependent. If the recorded
investment in the nonaccrual loan exceeds the measure of fair value, a valuation allowance may be established as a component of
the allowance for loan losses or the difference may be recognized as a charge-off. Nonaccrual loans are classified within Level 3 of
the hierarchy due to the unobservable inputs used in determining their fair value such as collateral values and the borrower's
underlying financial condition.
120
Other real estate owned – Other real estate owned (OREO) represents real estate foreclosed upon by Pinnacle Bank through
loan defaults by customers or acquired by deed in lieu of foreclosure. Substantially all of these amounts relate to lots, homes and
development projects that are either completed or are in various stages of construction for which Pinnacle Financial believes it has
adequate collateral. Upon foreclosure, the property is recorded at the lower of cost or fair value, based on appraised value, less
selling costs estimated as of the date acquired with any loss recognized as a charge-off through the allowance for loan losses.
Additional OREO losses for subsequent valuation downward adjustments are determined on a specific property basis and are
included as a component of noninterest expense along with holding costs. Any gains or losses realized at the time of disposal are
also reflected in noninterest expense, as applicable. OREO is included in Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy due to the lack of
observable market inputs into the determination of fair value. Appraisal values are property-specific and sensitive to the changes in
the overall economic environment.
Liabilities
Other liabilities – Pinnacle Financial has certain liabilities carried at fair value including certain interest rate swap agreements.
The fair value of these liabilities is based on Pinnacle Financial's pricing models that utilize observable market inputs and is
reflected within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy.
The following tables present the financial instruments carried at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2017 and
2016, by caption on the consolidated balance sheets and by FASB ASC 820 valuation hierarchy (as described above) (in
thousands):
December 31, 2017
Investment securities available-for-sale:
U.S. treasury securities
U.S. government agency securities
Mortgage-backed securities
State and municipal securities
Asset- backed securities
Corporate notes and other
Total investment securities available-for-sale
Other investments
Other assets
Total assets at fair value
Other liabilities
Total liabilities at fair value
December 31, 2016
Investment securities available-for-sale:
U.S. treasury securities
U.S. government agency securities
Mortgage-backed securities
State and municipal securities
Asset- backed securities
Corporate notes and other
Total investment securities available-for-sale
Other investments
Other assets
Total assets at fair value
Other liabilities
Total liabilities at fair value
Total carrying
value in the
consolidated
balance sheet
Quoted market
prices in an
active market
(Level 1)
Models with
significant
observable
market
parameters
(Level 2)
Models with
significant
unobservable
market
parameters
(Level 3)
— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
— $
— $
— $
— $
— $
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
— $
— $
— $
30,445
180,801
1,263,819
767,583
173,292
82,314
2,498,254
—
11,812
2,510,066
13,886
13,886
250
21,769
976,626
212,720
78,580
8,601
1,298,546
—
13,340
1,311,886
15,758
15,758
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
—
—
—
17,029
—
—
17,029
28,874
—
45,903
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
10,478
—
10,478
—
—
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
30,445
180,801
1,263,819
784,612
173,292
82,314
2,515,283
28,874
11,812
2,555,969
13,886
13,886
250
21,769
976,626
212,720
78,580
8,601
1,298,546
10,478
13,340
1,322,364
15,758
15,758
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
121
The following table presents assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 (in
thousands):
Total carrying
value in the
consolidated
balance sheet
Quoted market
prices in an
active market
(Level 1)
Models with
significant
observable
market
parameters
(Level 2)
Models with
significant
unobservable
market
parameters
(Level 3)
Total gains
(losses) for the
period ended
$
$
$
$
27,831
55,138
82,969
6,090
26,506
32,596
$
$
$
$
— $
—
— $
— $
—
— $
— $
—
— $
— $
—
— $
27,831
55,138
82,969
6,090
26,506
32,596
$
$
$
$
203
(722)
(519)
(135)
(7,173)
(7,308)
December 31, 2017
Other real estate owned
Nonaccrual loans, net (1)
Total
December 31, 2016
Other real estate owned
Nonaccrual loans, net (1)
Total
(1) Amount is net of a valuation allowance of $2.3 million and $1.1 million at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, as required by
ASC 310-10, "Receivables."
In the case of investment securities, Pinnacle Financial monitors the valuation technique utilized by various pricing agencies
to ascertain when transfers between levels have been affected. The nature of the remaining assets and liabilities is such that
transfers in and out of any level are expected to be rare. For the year ended December 31, 2017, there were no transfers between
Levels 1, 2 or 3.
The table below includes a rollforward of the balance sheet amounts for the year ended December 31, 2017 for financial
instruments classified by Pinnacle Financial within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy measured at fair value on a recurring basis
including changes in fair value due in part to observable factors that are part of the valuation methodology (in thousands):
For the year ended December 31,
2017
2016
Available-
for-sale
Securities
Other
assets
Other
liabilities
Available-
for-sale
Securities
Other
assets
Other
liabilities
Fair value, Jan. 1
$
— $ 10,478
$
— $
— $ 9,764
$
Total net realized losses included in income
66
605
Change in unrealized gains/losses included in other
comprehensive income for assets and liabilities still held at
Dec. 31
Acquired
Purchases
Issuances
Settlements
Transfers out of Level 3
Fair value, Dec. 31
Total realized losses included in income related to financial
assets and liabilities still on the consolidated balance sheet
at Dec. 31
709
—
16,254
17,062
—
—
—
—
2,330
—
(1,601)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
131
—
—
1,639
—
(1,056)
—
$
$
17,029
$ 28,874
$
— $
— $ 10,478
$
66
$
605
$
— $
— $
131
$
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
The following methods and assumptions were used by Pinnacle Financial in estimating its fair value disclosures for financial
instruments that are not measured at fair value. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on
estimates using discounted cash flow models. Those models are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the
discount rates, estimates of future cash flows and borrower creditworthiness. The fair value estimates presented herein are based on
pertinent information available to management as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Such amounts have not been
revalued for purposes of these consolidated financial statements since those dates and, therefore, current estimates of fair value
may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein.
122
Held-to-maturity securities - Estimated fair values for investment securities are based on quoted market prices where
available. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models that use
observable inputs or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics.
Loans - The fair value of Pinnacle Financial's loan portfolio includes a credit risk factor in the determination of the fair value
of its loans. This credit risk assumption is intended to approximate the fair value that a market participant would realize
in a hypothetical orderly transaction. Pinnacle Financial's loan portfolio is initially fair valued using a segmented
approach. Pinnacle Financial divides its loan portfolio into the following categories: variable rate loans, impaired loans
and all other loans. The results are then adjusted to account for credit risk.
Fair values for impaired loans are estimated using discounted cash flow models or based on the fair value of the
underlying collateral. For other loans, fair values are estimated using discounted cash flow models, using current market
interest rates offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality. The values derived from the
discounted cash flow approach for each of the above portfolios are then further discounted to incorporate credit risk to
determine the exit price.
Mortgage loans held-for-sale - Mortgage loans held-for-sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. The estimate of fair
value is based on pricing models and other information.
Deposits, Securities sold under agreements to repurchase, Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) advances, Subordinated
debt and other borrowings - The carrying amounts of demand deposits, savings deposits, securities sold under
agreements to repurchase, floating rate advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank, and floating rate subordinated debt
and other borrowings approximate their fair values. Fair values for certificates of deposit, fixed rate advances from the
FHLB and fixed rate subordinated debt are estimated using discounted cash flow models, using current market interest
rates offered on certificates, advances and other borrowings with similar remaining maturities. For fixed rate
subordinated debt, the maturity is assumed to be as of the earliest date that the indebtedness will be repriced.
Off-Balance Sheet Instruments - The fair values of Pinnacle Financial's off-balance-sheet financial instruments are based on
fees charged to enter into similar agreements. However, commitments to extend credit do not represent a significant value
to Pinnacle Financial until such commitments are funded.
The following table presents the carrying amounts, estimated fair value and placement in the fair value hierarchy of Pinnacle
Financial's financial instruments at December 31, 2017 and 2016. This table excludes financial instruments for which the carrying
amount approximates fair value. For short-term financial assets such as cash and cash equivalents, the carrying amount is a
reasonable estimate of fair value due to the relatively short time between the origination of the instrument and its expected
realization. For financial liabilities such as non-interest bearing demand, interest-bearing demand, and savings deposits, the
carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to these products having no stated maturity.
December 31, 2017
Financial assets:
Carrying/
Notional
Amount
Estimated
Fair Value (1)
Quoted
market
prices in an
active
market
(Level 1)
Models with
significant
observable
market
parameters
(Level 2)
Models with
significant
unobservable
market
parameters
(Level 3)
Securities held-to-maturity
$
20,762
$
20,830
$
— $
20,830
$
—
Loans, net
Mortgage loans held-for-sale
Commercial loans held-for-sale
Financial liabilities:
15,565,876
15,252,953
103,729
25,456
104,986
25,761
Deposits and securities sold under agreements to
repurchase
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
Subordinated debt and other borrowings
16,586,964
16,516,342
1,319,909
1,313,311
465,505
445,098
Off-balance sheet instruments:
Commitments to extend credit (2)
Standby letters of credit (3)
5,788,425
143,684
2,264
800
123
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
15,252,953
104,986
25,761
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
16,516,342
1,313,311
445,098
2,264
800
Carrying/
Notional
Amount
Estimated
Fair Value (1)
Quoted
market
prices in an
active
market
(Level 1)
Models with
significant
observable
market
parameters
(Level 2)
Models with
significant
unobservable
market
parameters
(Level 3)
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
Financial assets:
Securities held-to-maturity
$
25,251
$
25,233
$
— $
25,233
$
—
Loans, net
Mortgage loans held-for-sale
Commercial loans held-for-sale
Financial liabilities:
Deposits and securities sold under agreements to
repurchase
Federal Home Loan Bank advances
Subordinated debt and other borrowings
Off-balance sheet instruments:
Commitments to extend credit (2)
Standby letters of credit (3)
8,390,944
8,178,982
47,710
22,588
47,892
22,674
8,845,014
8,579,664
406,304
350,768
406,491
328,049
3,374,269
131,418
383
740
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
47,892
22,674
—
—
—
—
—
8,178,982
—
—
8,579,664
406,491
328,049
383
740
(1) Estimated fair values are consistent with an exit-price concept. The assumptions used to estimate the fair values are intended to
approximate those that a market-participant would realize in a hypothetical orderly transaction.
(2) At the end of each period, Pinnacle Financial evaluates the inherent risks of the outstanding off-balance sheet commitments. In making
this evaluation, Pinnacle Financial evaluates the credit worthiness of the borrower, the collateral supporting the commitments and any
other factors similar to those used to evaluate the inherent risks of our loan portfolio. Additionally, Pinnacle Financial evaluates the
probability that the outstanding commitment will eventually become a funded loan. As a result, at both December 31, 2017 and 2016,
respectively, Pinnacle Financial included in other liabilities $2.3 million and $383,000 representing the inherent risks associated with
these off-balance sheet commitments.
(3) At December 31, 2017 and 2016, the fair value of Pinnacle Financial's standby letters of credit totaled $800,000 and $740,000,
respectively. This amount represents the unamortized fee associated with these standby letters of credit, which were priced at market
when issued, and is included in the consolidated balance sheet of Pinnacle Financial and is believed to approximate fair value. This fair
value will decrease over time as the existing standby letters of credit approach their expiration dates.
Note 20. Variable Interest Entities
Under ASC 810, Pinnacle Financial is deemed to be the primary beneficiary and required to consolidate a variable interest entity
(VIE) if it has a variable interest in the VIE that provides it with a controlling financial interest. For such purposes, the determination
of whether a controlling financial interest exists is based on whether a single party has both the power to direct the activities of the
VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to
receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. ASC 810 requires continual reconsideration of
conclusions reached regarding which interest holder is a VIE's primary beneficiary and disclosures surrounding those VIE's which
have not been consolidated. The consolidation methodology provided in this footnote as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 has been
prepared in accordance with ASC 810.
Non-consolidated Variable Interest Entities
At December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Financial did not have any consolidated VIEs to disclose but did have the following non-
consolidated VIEs: low income housing partnerships, trust preferred issuances, troubled debt restructuring commercial loans, and
managed discretionary trusts.
Since 2003, Pinnacle Financial has made equity investments as a limited partner in various partnerships that sponsor affordable
housing projects. The purpose of these investments is to achieve a satisfactory return on capital and to support Pinnacle Financial's
community reinvestment initiatives. The activities of the limited partnerships include the identification, development, and operation of
multi-family housing that is leased to qualifying residential tenants generally within Pinnacle Financial's primary geographic region.
These partnerships are considered VIEs because Pinnacle Financial, as the holder of the equity investment at risk, does not have the
ability to direct the activities that most significantly affect the success of the entity through voting rights or similar rights. While
Pinnacle Financial could absorb losses that are significant to these partnerships as it has a risk of loss for its initial capital
124
contributions and funding commitments to each partnership, it is not considered the primary beneficiary of the partnerships as the
general partners whose managerial functions give them the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the
partnerships' economic performance and who are exposed to all losses beyond Pinnacle Financial's initial capital contributions and
funding commitments are considered the primary beneficiaries.
Pinnacle Financial (or companies it has acquired) has previously issued subordinated debt totaling $133.0 million to certain
statutory trusts which are considered VIEs because Pinnacle Financial's capital contributions to these trusts are not considered "at risk"
in evaluating whether the holders of the equity investments at risk in the trusts have the power through voting rights or similar rights
to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entities' economic performance. These trusts were not consolidated by
Pinnacle Financial because the holders of the securities issued by the trusts absorb a majority of expected losses and residual returns.
For certain troubled commercial loans, Pinnacle Financial restructures the terms of the borrower's debt in an effort to increase the
probability of receipt of amounts contractually due. However, Pinnacle Financial does not assume decision-making power or
responsibility over the borrower's operations. Following a debt restructuring, the borrowing entity typically meets the definition of a
VIE as the initial determination of whether the entity is a VIE must be reconsidered and economic events have proven that the entity's
equity is not sufficient to permit it to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or a restructuring of the
terms of its financing. As Pinnacle Financial does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact such
troubled commercial borrowers' operations, it is not considered the primary beneficiary even in situations where, based on the size of
the financing provided, Pinnacle Financial is exposed to potentially significant benefits and losses of the borrowing entity. Pinnacle
Financial has no contractual requirements to provide financial support to the borrowing entities beyond certain funding commitments
established upon restructuring of the terms of the debt to allow for completion of activities which prepare the collateral related to the
debt for sale.
Pinnacle Financial serves as manager over certain discretionary trusts, for which it makes investment decisions on behalf of the
trusts' beneficiaries in return for a management fee. The trusts meet the definition of a VIE since the holders of the equity investments
at risk do not have the power through voting rights or similar rights to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entities'
economic performance. However, since the management fees Pinnacle Financial receives are not considered variable interests in the
trusts as all of the requirements related to permitted levels of decision maker fees are met, such VIEs are not consolidated by Pinnacle
Financial because it cannot be the trusts' primary beneficiary. Pinnacle Financial has no contractual requirements to provide financial
support to the trusts.
The following table summarizes VIE's that are not consolidated by Pinnacle Financial as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 (in
thousands):
Type
December 31, 2017
December 31, 2016
Maximum
Loss Exposure
Liability
Recognized
Maximum
Loss Exposure
Liability
Recognized
Low Income Housing Partnerships
$
23,912
$
— $
24,150
$
Trust Preferred Issuances
Commercial Troubled Debt
Restructurings
Managed Discretionary Trusts
Note 21. Regulatory Matters
N/A
132,995
N/A
3,760
N/A
—
N/A
11,572
N/A
—
82,476
—
N/A
Classification
Other Assets
Subordinated Debt
Loans
N/A
Pursuant to Tennessee banking law, Pinnacle Bank may not, without the prior consent of the Commissioner of the TDFI, pay any
dividends to Pinnacle Financial in a calendar year in excess of the total of Pinnacle Bank's retained net income for that year plus the
retained net income for the preceding two years. During the year ended December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Bank paid $63.1 million in
dividends to Pinnacle Financial. As of December 31, 2017, Pinnacle Bank could pay approximately $305.1 million of additional
dividends to Pinnacle Financial without prior approval of the Commissioner of the TDFI. Pinnacle Financial initiated payment of a
quarterly dividend of $0.08 per share of common stock in the fourth quarter of 2013 and has since increased the dividend to $0.12
beginning in the first quarter of 2015 and to $0.14 beginning in the first quarter of 2016. The amount and timing of all future dividend
payments, if any, is subject to the discretion of Pinnacle Financial's board of directors and will depend on Pinnacle Financial's
earnings, capital position, financial condition and other factors, including new regulatory capital requirements, as they become known
to us.
Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking
agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary actions,
by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and
125
the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank must meet specific capital guidelines
that involve quantitative measures of the assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory
accounting practices. Pinnacle Financial's and Pinnacle Bank's capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative
judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require Pinnacle Financial and its banking subsidiary
to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, Tier I capital to risk-weighted
assets, total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets and of Tier 1 capital to average assets.
The final rules implementing the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision's capital guidelines for U.S. banks (Basel III rules)
became effective for Pinnacle Financial on January 1, 2015 with full compliance with all of the requirements being phased in over a
multi-year schedule, and fully phased in by January 1, 2019. The minimum capital level requirements applicable to bank holding
companies and banks subject to the rules are: (i) a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 4.5%; (ii) a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of
6%; (iii) a total risk-based capital ratio of 8%; and (iv) a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4% for all institutions. The Basel III rules, also
establish a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% (to be phased in over three years) above the regulatory minimum risk-based capital
ratios. The phase-in of the capital conservation buffer requirement commenced in January 2016 at 0.625% of risk-weighted assets and
increases each year by a like percentage until fully implemented in January 2019. The net unrealized gain or loss on available-for-sale
securities is not included in computing regulatory capital. Management believes, as of December 31, 2017, that Pinnacle Financial and
Pinnacle Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject. To be categorized as well-capitalized under applicable
banking regulations, Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank must maintain certain total risk-based, Tier 1 risk-based, common equity
Tier 1 and Tier 1 leverage ratios as set forth in the following table and not be subject to a written agreement, order or directive to
maintain a higher capital level. The capital conservation buffer is not included in the required ratios of the table presented below.
Pinnacle Financial's and Pinnacle Bank's actual capital amounts and ratios are presented in the following table (in thousands):
Actual
Minimum Capital
Requirement
Minimum
To Be Well-Capitalized
Amount
Ratio
Amount
Ratio
Amount
Ratio
December 31, 2017
Total capital to risk weighted assets:
Pinnacle Financial
Pinnacle Bank
Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets:
Pinnacle Financial
Pinnacle Bank
Common equity Tier 1 capital:
Pinnacle Financial
Pinnacle Bank
Tier 1 capital to average assets (*):
Pinnacle Financial
Pinnacle Bank
December 31, 2016
Total capital to risk weighted assets:
Pinnacle Financial
Pinnacle Bank
Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets:
Pinnacle Financial
Pinnacle Bank
Common equity Tier 1 capital:
Pinnacle Financial
Pinnacle Bank
Tier 1 capital to average assets (*):
Pinnacle Financial
Pinnacle Bank
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
2,266,161
2,134,344
1,725,323
1,936,313
1,725,219
1,936,209
1,725,323
1,936,313
12.0% $
1,509,496
11.3% $
1,504,765
8.0%
N/A
8.0% $
1,880,956
9.1% $
1,132,122
10.3% $
1,128,574
6.0%
N/A
6.0% $
1,504,765
9.1% $
10.3% $
849,092
846,430
4.5%
N/A
4.5% $
1,222,621
8.6% $
9.7% $
797,861
796,235
4.0%
N/A
4.0% $
995,294
1,211,105
1,136,782
11.9% $
11.2% $
816,857
814,254
8.0%
N/A
8.0% $
1,017,817
882,654
949,193
802,532
949,070
882,654
949,193
8.6% $
9.3% $
612,643
610,690
6.0%
N/A
6.0% $
814,254
7.9% $
9.3% $
459,482
458,018
4.5%
N/A
4.5% $
661,581
8.6% $
9.2% $
412,902
412,124
4.0%
N/A
4.0% $
515,155
(*) Average assets for the above calculations were based on the most recent quarter.
126
N/A
10.0%
N/A
8.0%
N/A
6.5%
N/A
5.0%
N/A
10.0%
N/A
8.0%
N/A
6.5%
N/A
5.0%
Following the Merger with BNC, Pinnacle Financial's total assets exceeded $15.0 billion as a result of the acquisition of BNC,
which caused the subordinated debentures Pinnacle Financial and BNC previously issued in connection with the trust preferred
securities of their affiliates to cease to qualify as Tier 1 capital under applicable banking regulations. Though these securities no longer
qualify as Tier 1 capital, Pinnacle Financial believes these subordinated debentures continue to qualify as Tier 2 capital.
Note 22. Parent Company Only Financial Information
The following information presents the condensed balance sheets, statements of operations, and cash flows of Pinnacle Financial
as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2017 (in thousands):
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
2017
2016
$
64,851
$
3,855,483
6,025
3,995
69,256
20,017
29,524
36,984
1,579,728
5,484
2,476
61,374
6,831
29,182
$
4,049,151
$
1,722,059
24
337,818
3,357
3,707,952
$
4,049,151
$
—
223,337
2,026
1,496,696
1,722,059
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
2017
2016
2015
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
Investments in bank
Investments in consolidated subsidiaries
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiaries:
Statutory Trusts
Other investments
Current income tax receivable
Other assets
Liabilities and stockholders' equity:
Income taxes payable to subsidiaries
Subordinated debt and other borrowings
Other liabilities
Stockholders' equity
Revenues:
Income from bank subsidiaries
Income from nonbank subsidiaries
Income from equity method investment
Other income (loss)
Expenses:
Interest expense
$
63,100
297
10,126
380
9,856
16,629
8,076
39,342
(12,748)
52,090
121,341
548
27,663
5,198
7,663
21
1,997
10,971
3,653
23,924
(3,428)
27,352
104,318
(4,445)
19,038
210
—
(132)
220
7,342
2,889
8,665
(4,119)
12,784
81,536
1,189
95,509
Personnel expense, including stock compensation
Other expense
Income before income taxes and equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries
Income tax benefit
Income before equity in undistributed income of subsidiaries
Equity in undistributed income of bank subsidiaries
Equity in undistributed income (loss) of nonbank subsidiaries
Net income
$
173,979
$
127,225
$
127
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Operating activities:
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating
activities:
2017
2016
2015
$
173,979
$
127,225
$
95,509
Amortization and accretion
Stock-based compensation expense
Increase in income tax payable, net
Deferred tax expense
Income from equity method investments, net
Excess tax benefit from stock compensation
Loss (gain) on other investments
Decrease in other assets
Increase in other liabilities
Equity in undistributed income of bank subsidiaries
Equity in undistributed income of nonbank subsidiaries
Net cash provided by operating activities
Investing activities:
Investment in consolidated banking subsidiaries
Increase in equity method investment
Dividends received from equity method investment
Increase in other investments
Net cash used in investing activities
Financing activities:
Net (decrease) increase in subordinated debt and other borrowings
Proceeds from common stock issuance
Exercise of common stock options and stock appreciation rights, net of repurchase of
restricted shares
Excess tax benefit from stock compensation
Common dividends paid
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in cash
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
290
19,538
24
5,919
(10,368)
(5,365)
(350)
(3,989)
(9,194)
543
10,971
(12)
1,025
(8,350)
(4,604)
497
2,636
3,157
(121,341)
(104,318)
(548)
48,595
(182,288)
—
5,655
(815)
4,445
33,215
(118,878)
(11,400)
3,255
(710)
(177,448)
(127,733)
(60)
192,194
493
—
(35,907)
156,720
27,867
36,984
118,294
—
11,589
4,604
(24,725)
109,762
15,244
21,740
$
64,851
$
36,984
$
—
7,342
(10,870)
(394)
—
(4,116)
132
1,194
3,771
(81,530)
(1,189)
9,849
—
—
—
(335)
(335)
(13,682)
—
3,603
4,116
(18,307)
(24,270)
(14,756)
36,496
21,740
Pinnacle Bank is subject to restrictions on the payment of dividends to Pinnacle Financial under Tennessee banking laws. Pinnacle
Bank paid dividends of $63.1 million, $27.7 million and $19.0 million, respectively to Pinnacle Financial in each of the years ended
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.
128
Note 23. Quarterly Financial Results (unaudited)
A summary of selected consolidated quarterly financial data for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31,
2017 follows:
(in thousands, except per share data)
2017
Interest income
Net interest income
Provision for loan losses
Net income before taxes
Net income
Basic net income per share
Diluted net income per share
2016
Interest income
Net interest income
Provision for loan losses
Net income before taxes
Net income
Basic net income per share
Diluted net income per share
2015
Interest income
Net interest income
Provision for loan losses
Net income before taxes
Net income
Basic net income per share
Diluted net income per share
First
Quarter
Second
Quarter
Third
Quarter
Fourth
Quarter
$
102,143
$
123,743
$
202,167
$
88,767
3,651
53,444
39,653
106,627
6,812
63,074
43,086
173,182
6,920
99,503
64,442
0.83
0.82
$
$
0.81
0.80
$
$
0.84
0.83
$
$
208,085
174,731
6,281
81,965
26,798
0.35
0.35
80,974
$
83,762
$
97,380
$
101,493
73,902
3,894
41,800
27,964
75,044
5,280
46,546
30,787
86,635
6,108
48,693
32,377
0.70
0.68
$
$
0.75
0.73
$
$
0.71
0.71
$
$
54,679
$
55,503
$
67,192
$
51,269
315
32,617
21,843
51,831
1,186
33,917
22,665
62,059
2,228
36,134
24,149
0.62
0.62
$
$
0.65
0.64
$
$
0.64
0.62
$
$
89,413
3,046
54,345
36,097
0.79
0.78
77,797
71,475
5,459
40,432
26,854
0.67
0.65
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
129
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE
Information required by this item will be included under the heading "Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm" in
Pinnacle Financial's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held April 17, 2018.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Pinnacle Financial maintains disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed
by it in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the
time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to Pinnacle
Financial's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely
decisions regarding required disclosure. Pinnacle Financial carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the
participation of its management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the
design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on the
evaluation of these disclosure controls and procedures, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded
that Pinnacle Financial's disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
The report of Pinnacle Financial's management on Pinnacle Financial's internal control over financial reporting is set forth on
page 74 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The report of Pinnacle Financial's independent registered public accounting
firm on Pinnacle Financial's internal control over financial reporting is set forth on page 77 of this Annual Report on Form
10-K.
Changes in Internal Controls
There were no changes in Pinnacle Financial's internal control over financial reporting during Pinnacle Financial's fiscal
quarter ended December 31, 2017 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Pinnacle
Financial's internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
130
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
PART III
The responses to this Item will be included in Pinnacle Financial's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held
April 17, 2018 under the headings "Corporate Governance-Code of Conduct," "Proposal #1 Election of Directors-Audit Committee,"
"Proposal #1 Election of Directors," "Executive Management," and "Section 16A Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" and
are incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The responses to this Item will be included in Pinnacle Financial's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held
April 17, 2018 under the headings "Proposal #1 Election of the Directors-Director Compensation" and "Executive Compensation" and
are incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The response to this Item regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management will be included in Pinnacle
Financial's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held April 17, 2018 under the heading, "Security Ownership
of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and the response to this item regarding Pinnacle Financial's equity compensation plans
at December 31, 2017 will be included in Pinnacle Financial's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the
heading "Proposal #5 Approval of the Company's 2018 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan," and, in each case, are incorporated herein by
reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS, RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The responses to this Item will be included in Pinnacle Financial's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held
April 17, 2018 under the headings, "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions," and "Corporate Governance-Director
Independence" and are incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The responses to this Item will be included in Pinnacle Financial's Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held
April 17, 2018 under the heading, "Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm" and are incorporated herein by reference.
131
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) Exhibits
Exhibit No.
2.1†
2.2†
2.3†
2.4†
3.1
3.2
4.1.1
4.1.2
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
10.1#
10.2#
10.3#
Description
Agreement and Plan of Merger by and between Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc., Pinnacle Bank and
CapitalMark Bank & Trust, dated as of April 7, 2015, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to
the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 8, 2015.
Agreement and Plan of Merger by and between Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc., Pinnacle Bank and
Magna Bank, dated as of April 28, 2015, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2015.
Agreement and Plan of Merger by and between Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. and Avenue Financial
Holdings, Inc., dated as of January 28, 2016, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 29, 2016.
Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc., BNC Bancorp and Blue
Merger Sub, Inc., dated as of January 22, 2017, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 23, 2017.
Amended and Restated Charter, as amended (restated for SEC filing purposes only), incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 27, 2015.
Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc., effective as of October 17,
2017, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K
filed on October 20, 2017.
Specimen Common Stock Certificate, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Amendment
No. 1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form SB-2 filed on July 12, 2000.
See Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 for provisions of the Charter and Bylaws defining rights of holders of the
Common Stock.
Form of 4.875% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Note due July 30, 2025, incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 5, 2015.
Form of Certificate for Avenue Financial Holdings, Inc. Fixed/Floating Rate Subordinated Note due
December 29, 2024, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed on July 7, 2016.
Form of 5.25% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Note due November 16, 2026, incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 18, 2016.
Form of Subordinated Indenture, dated as of September 30, 2014, between BNC Bancorp and
Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
4.1 to BNC Bancorp’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 26, 2014.
Form of First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 30, 2014, between BNC Bancorp
and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee, incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 4.2 to BNC Bancorp’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 26, 2014.
BNC Bancorp Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 16, 2017, between Pinnacle Financial
Partners, Inc. and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Trustee, incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange
Form of Global Note to represent 5.5% Subordinated Notes, due October 1, 2024, of BNC Bancorp,
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to BNC Bancorp’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on
Pinnacle Financial is a party to certain agreements entered into in connection with the offering or
assumption of its subordinated debentures and certain of its subordinated indebtedness, in each case as
more fully described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In accordance with Item 601(b)(4)(iii) of
Regulation S-K and because no issuance of any such indebtedness is in excess of 10% of Pinnacle
Financial’s total assets, Pinnacle Financial has not filed the various documents and agreements
associated with such indebtedness herewith. Pinnacle Financial has, however, agreed to furnish copies
of the various documents and agreements associated with such indebtedness to the Securities and
Exchange Commission upon request.
Amended Employment Agreement by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. and
M. Terry Turner, dated as of January 1, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.48 to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, filed on March
7, 2008.
Amended Employment Agreement by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. and
Robert A. McCabe, Jr., dated as of January 1, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.49 to
the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, filed on
March 7, 2008.
Amended Employment Agreement by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. and
Hugh M. Queener, dated as of January 1, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.50 to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, filed on March
7, 2008.
132
Exhibit No.
10.4#
10.5#
10.6#
10.7#
10.8#
10.9#
10.10#
10.11#
10.12#
10.13#
10.14#
10.15#
10.16#
10.17#
10.18#
10.19#
10.20#
10.21#
Description
Amended Employment Agreement by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. and
Harold R. Carpenter, dated as of January 1, 2008, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.51 to
the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, filed on
March 7, 2008.
Form of Named Executive Officers 2012 Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 20, 2012.
Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. Amended and Restated 2004 Equity Incentive Plan, effective as of
April 20, 2004, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on
Form 8-K filed on April 20, 2012.
Change of Control Agreement by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. and
Joseph Harvey White, dated as of September 4, 2012, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1
to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 6, 2012.
Form of Named Executive Officers 2013 Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement, incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 17, 2013.
Amendment No. 1 to Amended Employment Agreement by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle
Financial Partners, Inc. and M. Terry Turner, dated November 20, 2012, incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.38 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2012, filed on February 22, 2013.
Amendment No. 1 to Amended Employment Agreement by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle
Financial Partners, Inc. and Robert A. McCabe, Jr., dated November 20, 2012, incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.39 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2012, filed on February 22, 2013.
Amendment No. 1 to Amended Employment Agreement by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle
Financial Partners, Inc. and Hugh M. Queener, dated November 20, 2012, incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.40 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2012, filed on February 22, 2013.
Amendment No. 1 to Amended Employment Agreement by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle
Financial Partners, Inc. and Harold R. Carpenter, dated November 20, 2012, incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.41 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2012, filed on February 22, 2013.
Amendment No. 1 to Change of Control Agreement by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle Financial
Partners, Inc. and Joseph Harvey White, dated November 20, 2012, incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.42 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31,
2012, filed on February 22, 2013.
Form of Named Executive Officers 2014 Performance Unit Award Agreement, incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 24, 2014.
Amendment No. 2 to Amended Employment Agreement by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle
Financial Partners, Inc. and M. Terry Turner, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.40 to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, filed on
February 25, 2014.
Amendment No. 2 to Amended Employment Agreement by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle
Financial Partners, Inc. and Robert A. McCabe, Jr., incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.41 to
the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, filed on
February 25, 2014.
Amendment No. 2 to Amended Employment Agreement by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle
Financial Partners, Inc. and Hugh M. Queener, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to the
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, filed on
February 25, 2014.
Amendment No. 2 to Amended Employment Agreement by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle
Financial Partners, Inc. and Harold R. Carpenter, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.43 to
the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, filed on
February 25, 2014.
Amendment No. 1 to Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. 2004 Amended and Restated Equity Incentive
Plan, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.45 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, filed on February 25, 2014.
Second Amended and Restated Mid-America Bancshares, Inc. 2006 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan,
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.46 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, filed on February 25, 2014.
Form of Directors’ 2014 Restricted Stock Agreement, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.47
to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013, filed on
February 25, 2014.
133
Exhibit No.
10.22#
10.23#
10.24#
10.25
10.26#
10.27#
10.28#
10.29#
10.30
10.31
10.32#
10.34#
10.34#
10.35#
10.36#
16.1
21.1*
23.1*
23.2*
31.1*
31.2*
32.1**
32.2**
101.INS*
101.SCH*
101.CAL*
101.LAB*
101.PRE*
101.DEF*
Description
Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, effective as of April 15, 2014,
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on
April 17, 2014.
Form of Named Executive Officers 2015 Performance Unit Award Agreement, incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 27, 2015.
CapitalMark Bank & Trust Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan, effective as of July 31,
2015, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the
Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 filed August 10, 2015.
Loan Agreement by and between Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc., as Borrower, and U.S. Bank
National Association, as Lender, dated as of March 29, 2016, incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 31, 2016.
Employment Agreement, effective as of July 1, 2016, by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle Financial
Partners, Inc. and Ronald L. Samuels, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the
Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 7, 2016.
Form of Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. 2016 Restricted Stock Award Agreement, incorporated herein
by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 7, 2016.
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan Agreement between Avenue Bank and Ronald Samuels, dated
October 26, 2007, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on
Form 8-K filed on July 7, 2016.
Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. 2017 Annual Cash Incentive Plan, incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 20, 2017.
First Amendment to Loan Agreement by and between Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc., as Borrower,
and U.S. Bank National Association, as Lender, dated as of March 27, 2017, incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March
31, 2017, filed on May 5, 2017.
Second Amendment to Loan Agreement by and between Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc., as Borrower,
and U.S. Bank National Association, as lender, dated as of April 26, 2017, incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March
31, 2017, filed on May 5, 2017.
Employment Agreement, effective as of June 16, 2017, by and among Pinnacle Bank, Pinnacle
Financial Partners, Inc. and Richard D. Callicutt II, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to
the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 16, 2017.
Salary Continuation Agreement dated as of December 12, 2016, between Richard D. Callicutt II and
Bank of North Carolina, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to BNC Bancorp’s Current
Report on Form 8-K filed on December 16, 2017.
BNC Bancorp 2013 Amended and Restated Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan, incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 16, 2017.
Form of Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. Named Executive Officer Performance Award Agreement,
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed
February 26, 2018.
Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. 2018 Annual Cash Incentive Plan, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 26, 2018.
Letter to the Securities and Exchange Commission from KPMG LLP, incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit 16.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 3, 2016.
Subsidiaries of Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.
Consent of Crowe Horwath LLP
Consent of KPMG LLP
Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
Certification pursuant to 18 USC Section 1350 - Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification pursuant to 18 USC Section 1350 - Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
XBRL Instance Document
XBRL Schema Documents
XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document
XBRL Label Linkbase Document
XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document
XBRL Definition Linkbase Document
134
†
As directed by Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K, certain schedules and exhibits to this exhibit are omitted from this filing.
The Company agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted schedule or exhibit to the SEC upon request.
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
Filed herewith.
Furnished herewith.
#
*
**
(c) Schedules to the consolidated financial statements are omitted, as the required information is not applicable.
135
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY(cid:3)
Not applicable.
136
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report
to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
SIGNATURES
Date: February 28, 2018
PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC
By:
/s/ M. Terry Turner
M. Terry Turner
President and Chief Executive Officer
137
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Report has been signed below by the following persons on
behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
SIGNATURES
TITLE
DATE
/s/ Robert A. McCabe, Jr.
Robert A. McCabe, Jr.
/s/ M. Terry Turner
M. Terry Turner
/s/ Harold R. Carpenter
Harold R. Carpenter
/s/ Ronald L. Samuels
Ronald L. Samuels
/s/ Richard D. Callicutt
Richard D. Callicutt
/s/ Abney S. Boxley
Abney S. Boxley
/s/ Charles E. Brock
Charles E. Brock
/s/ Renda J. Burkhart
Renda J. Burkhart
/s/ Gregory L. Burns
Gregory L. Burns
/s/ Marty G. Dickens
Marty G. Dickens
/s/ Thomas C. Farnsworth, III
Thomas C. Farnsworth, III
/s/ Joseph Galante
Joseph Galante
/s/ Glenda Baskin Glover
Glenda Baskin Glover
/s/ David B. Ingram
David B. Ingram
/s/ Ed C. Loughry, Jr.
Ed C. Loughry, Jr.
/s/ Gary Scott
Gary Scott
/s/ Thomas R. Sloan
Thomas R. Sloan
/s/ Reese L. Smith, III
Reese L. Smith, III
/s/ G. Kennedy Thompson
G. Kennedy Thompson
Chairman of the Board
February 28, 2018
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
Vice Chairman of the Board
February 28, 2018
Director, Chairman of the Carolinas and Virginia
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
February 28, 2018
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
Director
138
Subsidiaries
Pinnacle Bank (2)
PFP Title Company (3)
List of Subsidiaries
Exhibit 21.1
Jurisdiction or State of
Incorporation
Names Under Which
Subsidiary Does Business (1)
Tennessee
Tennessee
Pinnacle Community Development Corporation (3) Tennessee
PNFP Statutory Trust I (4)
PNFP Statutory Trust II (4)
PNFP Statutory Trust III (4)
PNFP Statutory Trust IV (4)
PNFP Holdings, Inc. (5)
PNFP Properties, Inc. (6)
Pinnacle Advisory Services, Inc. (7)
Connecticut
Delaware
Connecticut
Delaware
Nevada
Maryland
Tennessee
Pinnacle Credit Enhancement Holdings, Inc. (7)
Tennessee
Pinnacle Rutherford Real Estate, Inc. (3)
Pinnacle Nashville Real Estate, Inc. (3)
Pinnacle Rutherford Towers, Inc.(3)
Pinnacle Service Company, Inc.(3)
PNFP Insurance, Inc.(7)
Miller & Loughry, Inc. (2)
PNB Holding Co. 1, Inc. (3)
PNB Holding Co. 2, Inc. (3)
PNFP Capital Markets, Inc. (3)
PNFP Aviation, LLC (3)
Bank of North Carolina Capital Trust I (4)
Bank of North Carolina Capital Trust II (4)
Bank of North Carolina Capital Trust III (4)
Bank of North Carolina Capital Trust IV (4)
Valley Financial (VA) Statutory Trust I (4)
Valley Financial (VA) Statutory Trust II (4)
Valley Financial Statutory Trust III (4)
Southcoast Capital Trust III (4)
BFNM Building, LLC
HPB Insurance Group, Inc. (3)
Tennessee
Tennessee
Tennessee
Tennessee
Nevada
Tennessee
Tennessee
Tennessee
Tennessee
Tennessee
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Connecticut
Connecticut
Delaware
Delaware
South Carolina
North Carolina
Miller Loughry Beach
(1) Unless otherwise noted, each Subsidiary only does business under its legal name as set forth under the heading "Subsidiaries."
(2) Pinnacle Bank is organized under the laws of the State of Tennessee.
(3) PFP Title Company, Pinnacle Community Development Corporation, Pinnacle Rutherford Real Estate, Inc., Pinnacle Nashville Real Estate, Inc.,
Pinnacle Rutherford Towers, Inc., Pinnacle Service Company, Inc., Miller & Loughry, Inc., PNB Holding Co. 1, Inc., PNB Holding Co. 2, Inc.,
PNFP Capital Markets, Inc., PNFP Aviation, LLC, and HPB Insurance Group, Inc. are wholly-owned subsidiaries of Pinnacle Bank.
(4) These entities are statutory business trusts which were established to issue capital trust preferred securities.
(5) PNFP Holdings, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of PFP Title Company.
(6) PNFP Properties, Inc. is a wholly-owned subsidiary of PNFP Holdings, Inc.
(7) Pinnacle Advisory Services, Inc., Pinnacle Credit Enhancement Holdings, Inc. and PNFP Insurance, Inc. are wholly owned subsidiaries of Pinnacle
Financial Partners, Inc.
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Exhibit 23.1
We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statements Nos. 333-49564, 333-68756, 333-114799, 333-124199,
333-132816, 333-135411, 333-147804, 333-148251, 333-158825, 333-180865, 333-195712, 333-206092 and 333-218797 on
Form S-8 and Registration Statement No. 333-215654 on Form S-3 of Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. of our report dated February
28, 2018 relating to the consolidated balance sheets of Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2017
and 2016, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for
each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2017, and effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2017, which appear in the December 31, 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K of Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.
Franklin, Tennessee
February 28, 2018
/s/ Crowe Horwath LLP
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Exhibit 23.2
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.:
We consent to the incorporation by reference in registration statement No. 333-215654 of Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. and
subsidiaries (the Company) on Form S-3 and Registration Statement Nos. 333-49564, 333-68756, 333-114799, 333-124199,
333-132816, 333-135411, 333-147804, 333-148251, 333-158825, 333-180865, 333-195712, 333-206092 and 333-218797 of
the Company on Form S-8 of our report dated February 29, 2016, with respect to the consolidated statements of income,
comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2015, which report appears in the
December 31, 2017 annual report on Form 10 K of the Company.
Nashville, Tennessee
February 28, 2018
/s/ KPMG LLP
I, M. Terry Turner, certify that:
CERTIFICATIONS
Exhibit 31.1
1.) I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.;
2.) Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.) Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and
for, the periods presented in this report;
4.) The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f)) and 15d-15(f) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period
in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial
reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred
during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control
over financial reporting; and
5.) The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control
over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or
persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process,
summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role
in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
Date: February 28, 2018
Signature:
/s/ M. Terry Turner
M. Terry Turner
President and Chief Executive Officer
I, Harold R. Carpenter, certify that:
CERTIFICATIONS
Exhibit 31.2
1.) I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.;
2.) Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.) Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and
for, the periods presented in this report;
4.) The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f)) and 15d-15(f) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period
in which this report is being prepared;
(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial
reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred
during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control
over financial reporting; and
5.) The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control
over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or
persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process,
summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role
in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.
Date: February 28, 2018
Signature:
/s/ Harold R. Carpenter
Harold R. Carpenter
Chief Financial Officer
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Exhibit 32.1
In connection with the Annual Report of Pinnacle Financial Partners (the "Company") on Form 10-K for the period ended
December 31, 2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, M. Terry
Turner, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant
to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934;
and
2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of
operations of the Company.
Date: February 28, 2018
By:
/s/ M. Terry Turner
M. Terry Turner
President and Chief Executive Officer
Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Exhibit 32.2
In connection with the Annual Report of Pinnacle Financial Partners (the "Company") on Form 10-K for the period ended
December 31, 2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Harold R.
Carpenter, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. section 1350, as adopted pursuant to section
906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934;
and
2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of
operations of the Company.
Date: February 28, 2018
By:
/s/ Harold R. Carpenter
Harold R. Carpenter
Chief Financial Officer
Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.
STOCKHOLDER RETURN PERFORMANCE GROWTH
Set forth below is(cid:3)a line graph comparing the(cid:3)yearly percentage change in the cumulative total shareholder return on(cid:3)the(cid:3)Company’s(cid:3)
Common Stock against the cumulative total(cid:3)return of the NASDAQ(cid:3)Composite Index,(cid:3)our peer(cid:3)group, the(cid:3)SNL(cid:3)$(cid:24)(cid:3)Billion to $(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:3)
Billion(cid:3)Bank(cid:3)Asset Size Index(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:9)(cid:51)(cid:3)(cid:24)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:37)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:78)(cid:3)(cid:44)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:72)(cid:91)(cid:3)for the period commencing on December 31, (cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:3)and ending(cid:3)
December 31, 201(cid:26)(cid:3)(the “Measuring(cid:3)Period”).(cid:3)The graph assumes that the(cid:3)value(cid:3)of the investment(cid:3)in(cid:3)the Company’s Common Stock
and each index(cid:3)was(cid:3)$100 on December 31, 20(cid:20)(cid:21).(cid:3)The change in cumulative total return is(cid:3)measured by dividing the(cid:3)(cid:86)(cid:88)(cid:80)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:3)
(cid:70)(cid:88)(cid:80)(cid:88)(cid:79)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:89)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:80)(cid:82)(cid:88)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:71)(cid:76)(cid:89)(cid:76)(cid:71)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:68)(cid:86)(cid:88)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:83)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:82)(cid:71)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:86)(cid:86)(cid:88)(cid:80)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:74)(cid:3)(cid:71)(cid:76)(cid:89)(cid:76)(cid:71)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:89)(cid:72)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:3)change in(cid:3)share price between
the beginning(cid:3)and end of each Measuring Period by(cid:3)the share price at the beginning(cid:3)of the Measuring Period.(cid:3)Cash dividends(cid:3)may(cid:3)
impact the(cid:3)cumulative returns of the indices.
Cumulative Total Returns(1)
Comparison of
PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC.
NASDAQ COMPOSITE INDEX, PEER GROUP(2),(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:49)(cid:47)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:37)(cid:16)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:37)(cid:3)(cid:37)(cid:36)(cid:49)(cid:46)(cid:3)
(cid:36)(cid:54)(cid:54)(cid:40)(cid:55)(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:44)(cid:61)(cid:40)(cid:3)(cid:44)(cid:49)(cid:39)(cid:40)(cid:59)(cid:11)(cid:22)(cid:12)(cid:15)
(cid:54)(cid:9)(cid:51)(cid:3)(cid:24)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:37)(cid:36)(cid:49)(cid:46)(cid:3)(cid:44)(cid:49)(cid:39)(cid:40)(cid:59)(cid:3)
l
e
u
a
V
x
e
d
n
I
(cid:11)(cid:20)(cid:12) Assumes(cid:3)$100 invested on(cid:3)December 31, 20(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:3)in Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. Common Stock (PNFP) and the(cid:3)f(cid:76)(cid:89)(cid:72)
indices noted above.
(cid:11)(cid:21)(cid:12) The peer group consists of(cid:3)Southeast Banks between $(cid:22)(cid:3)billion and $10 billion as of September 30, 201(cid:26). The peer grou(cid:83)
was developed by SNL and is a composite of(cid:3)(cid:20)(cid:26)(cid:3)banking institutions headquartered in the United States. SNL Financial i(cid:86)
a(cid:3)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:86)(cid:72)(cid:68)(cid:85)(cid:70)(cid:75)(cid:3)(cid:73)(cid:76)(cid:85)(cid:80)(cid:3)(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:70)(cid:88)(cid:86)(cid:72)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:69)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:78)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:74)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:88)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:72)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:79)(cid:82)(cid:70)(cid:68)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:38)(cid:75)(cid:68)(cid:85)(cid:79)(cid:82)(cid:87)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:86)(cid:89)(cid:76)(cid:79)(cid:79)(cid:72)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:57)(cid:76)(cid:85)(cid:74)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:76)(cid:68)(cid:17)
(cid:11)(cid:22)(cid:12) (cid:54)(cid:49)(cid:47)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:3)(cid:37)(cid:76)(cid:79)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:82)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:37)(cid:76)(cid:79)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:37)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:78)(cid:3)(cid:36)(cid:86)(cid:86)(cid:72)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:76)(cid:93)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:44)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:72)(cid:91)(cid:3)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:70)(cid:79)(cid:88)(cid:71)(cid:72)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:79)(cid:79)(cid:3)(cid:80)(cid:68)(cid:77)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:72)(cid:91)(cid:70)(cid:75)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:74)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:69)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:78)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:49)(cid:47)(cid:182)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:70)(cid:82)(cid:89)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:68)(cid:74)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:88)(cid:81)(cid:76)(cid:89)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:86)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:90)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:75)
(cid:68)(cid:86)(cid:86)(cid:72)(cid:87)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:69)(cid:72)(cid:87)(cid:90)(cid:72)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:69)(cid:76)(cid:79)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:7)(cid:24)(cid:3)(cid:69)(cid:76)(cid:79)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:72)(cid:83)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:80)(cid:69)(cid:72)(cid:85)(cid:3)(cid:22)(cid:19)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:21)(cid:19)(cid:20)(cid:26)(cid:17)
(cid:17)(cid:75)(cid:4)(cid:90)(cid:24) (cid:75)(cid:38) (cid:24)(cid:47)(cid:90)(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:100)(cid:75)(cid:90)(cid:94)
S. B OXL EY
AB NEY
(cid:87)resident and C(cid:28)(cid:75)
Boxley Materials Company
, III
K ENS
G. DIC
M AR
(cid:90)etired (cid:90)egional (cid:28)xecutive
BellSouth(cid:876)AT(cid:920)T Tennessee
H AR
L ES E. B
R OC
(cid:87)resident and Chief (cid:28)xecutive (cid:75)fficer
(cid:62)aunch Tennessee
H OM AS C
. FAR NSW OR
, III
(cid:87)resident and (cid:75)wner
(cid:38)arnsworth (cid:47)nvestment Company
H AR
R ENDA B
(cid:38)ounder and (cid:87)resident
Burkhart (cid:920) Company, (cid:87).C.
. GAL ANT E
J OSEPH
C
(cid:90)etired Chairman
Sony Music, Nashville
IN GL OVER
GL ENDA B ASK
PH
.D., J D, C PA
(cid:87)resident
Tennessee State (cid:104)niversity
,
. INGR AM
DAVID B
Chairman
(cid:47)ngram (cid:28)ntertainment, (cid:47)nc.
. L OU GH
ED C
Vice Chairman
(cid:87)innacle (cid:38)inancial (cid:87)artners, (cid:47)nc.
, J
.
A. M
C AB E, J
R OB ER
Chairman
(cid:87)innacle (cid:38)inancial (cid:87)artners, (cid:47)nc.
.
R ONAL D L . SAM
Vice Chairman
(cid:87)innacle (cid:38)inancial (cid:87)artners, (cid:47)nc.
U EL S
L . SC OT
GAR
(cid:90)etired Chairman and Chief
(cid:28)xecutive (cid:75)fficer
Mid-America Bancshares, (cid:47)nc.
and (cid:87)rimeTrust Bank
PINNAC
L E’S FOOT PR
INT
GR EW
T(cid:75) M(cid:75)(cid:90)(cid:28) S(cid:75)(cid:104)TH(cid:28)AST MA(cid:90)(cid:60)(cid:28)TS (cid:47)N 2017
M EM PH
IS, T N
(cid:87)innacle grew deposits
(cid:1010)7 percent year over year,
propelling us to No. 7 in
deposit market share from
No. 11 in 201(cid:1010), according
to F
IC
d ata.
H AT
T ANOOGA, T N
(cid:62)ocal loan volume passed
$1 billion, representing
more than (cid:1009)0 percent
growth since (cid:87)innacle
entered the market in 201(cid:1009).
H AR
L OT
T E, NC
(cid:38)inancial advisors grew loans by more
than 1(cid:1007) percent in 2017, ending the year
with a balance of roughly $1.(cid:1010)(cid:1009) billion.
R AL EIGH
, NC
(cid:87)innacle’s year-end loan volume
of $
m
i on and
d eposi ts of
$(cid:1008)(cid:1009)0 million in the Triangle region
represent double-digit growth
even during a time of transition.
L . B
GR EGOR
(cid:87)resident
(cid:39)regory Burns Consulting (cid:39)roup, (cid:62)(cid:62)C
R NS
IC
H AR D D. C AL
L IC
, II
Chairman, Carolinas and Virginia
(cid:87)innacle (cid:38)inancial (cid:87)artners, (cid:47)nc.
LEADERSH
IP TEAM
. T ER
T
R NER
(cid:87)resident and
Chief (cid:28)xecutive (cid:75)fficer
R OB ER
Chairman
A. M
C AB E, J
.
IC
H AR D D. C AL
L IC
, II
Chairman, Carolinas and Virginia
R ONAL D L . SAM
Vice Chairman
U EL S
U GH
M
. Q
U EENER
Chief Administrative (cid:75)fficer
H AR OL D R
Chief (cid:38)inancial (cid:75)fficer
. C AR PENT ER
IT E
J . H AR VEY
W
Chief Credit (cid:75)fficer (cid:876)
(cid:60)noxville (cid:90)egional (cid:28)xecutive
DAVID AL
(cid:90)egional (cid:87)resident
L EN
SU SAN R OGER S APPL E
Area Manager, Client Services
IC
AR
(cid:28)xecutive Vice (cid:87)resident, Consumer
Banking, Carolinas and Virginia
IR
B AIL EY
Memphis Chairman
B AR
GER
(cid:24)irector, Client Service Center
B ER
DAVE B AU
K EM A
Area Manager, Client Services
SAM
Area Manager, Client Advisory
L AC
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INVEST OR
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(cid:894)(cid:1012)(cid:1004)(cid:1004)(cid:895) (cid:1007)(cid:1010)(cid:1012)(cid:882)(cid:1009)(cid:1013)(cid:1008)(cid:1012)
(cid:449)ill be held at (cid:87)innacle (cid:38)inancial
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Av
. Sou
,
(cid:69)ashville(cid:853) (cid:100)(cid:69). (cid:38)urther in(cid:296)ormation
regarding this meeting can be (cid:296)ound
in the firm(cid:859)s proxy statement (cid:296)or the
(cid:1006)(cid:1004)(cid:1005)(cid:1012) (cid:4)nnual (cid:68)eeting.
a copy o(cid:296) the (cid:38)irm(cid:859)s public filings
should visit the (cid:47)nvestor (cid:90)elations
c om or c ont
:
(cid:18)hie(cid:296) (cid:38)inancial (cid:75)(cid:312)cer
(cid:87)innacle (cid:38)inancial (cid:87)artners(cid:853) (cid:47)nc.
Th
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Av
. Sou
, Su
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9
Nas h
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, TN 3
) 7
i si t ou r onl
i ne annu al report
at annualreport.pnfp.com f or
more information about each
of our markets and how we
ex pand ed
ou r vi si on i n 2
.
J OH N C ANNON
Manager, Commercial (cid:90)eal (cid:28)state
M AR
T ON
C AR
(cid:90)egional (cid:87)resident
R ON C AR
Area Manager, Client Services
T ER
C
K ENT
L EAVER
Senior (cid:62)ending (cid:75)fficer
C OL
L IER
GAR
Manager, (cid:87)innacle Asset
Management
DOU G DAU GH ER
Senior Credit (cid:75)fficer
IK E DIST EFANO
(cid:60)noxville (cid:87)resident
DY ER
K ENNY
Chattanooga (cid:87)resident
IE EL DER
K AT
Area Manager, Client Services
SAR AE J ANES L EW
Communications (cid:24)irector
IS
EL
R OB
R G
L ENB
(cid:90)egional (cid:87)resident
DAL E FL OY D
Senior (cid:62)ending (cid:75)fficer
L ISA FOL EY
Area Manager, Client Services
DOU G FOR D
Area Manager, Client Advisory
GAR
IA
M AR
Area (cid:28)xecutive
IC
H AM
ER
Manager, Trust Services
IK E H AM
M ONT
Manager, Corporate Services
R EE
H AM PT ON
J ER
(cid:38)inancial Advisor
K AR EN H AR GIS
Area Manager, Client Services
I H AR
IS
PAT
Manager, Human (cid:90)esources
IK E H ENDR EN
Senior Credit (cid:75)fficer
IP H
IGGINS
Manager, Small Business Segment
R AIG H OL
L EY
Chattanooga Chairman
DAVID H OPPENW OR
(cid:24)irector, SBA (cid:62)ending
H
IM
U EST
Chief Credit (cid:75)fficer
IS
DAVID J AM ES
(cid:87)resident and Chief Compliance
(cid:75)fficer, (cid:87)innacle (cid:116)ealth Advisors
Chief Compliance (cid:75)fficer,
(cid:87)N(cid:38)(cid:87) Capital Markets, (cid:47)nc.
IM
J ENNY
(cid:90)isk and (cid:87)erformance
Management (cid:75)fficer
M AC
J OH NST ON
Senior (cid:28)conomist
IL
L J ONES
Area (cid:28)xecutive
R OSS K
Manager, (cid:90)esidential Mortgage
INNEY
GL ENN L AY NE
Senior Credit (cid:75)fficer
R EID M AR
(cid:90)egional (cid:87)resident
K S
H ER
H EAT
(cid:38)inancial Advisor (cid:876) Area Manager
M AT
INS
L AIR
M
IL
L ER
Area Manager, Client Services
M OAT S
ANDY
(cid:24)irector, Music and (cid:28)ntertainment
Y AN M
R PH
Area Manager, Client Services
IC
NEAL
(cid:38)inancial Advisor
L NEIL
PAU
Senior Credit (cid:75)fficer
J AC
NEL SON
Area (cid:28)xecutive
R OB ER
Manager, Trust Services
M AN
NEW
R ANDY
Area Manager, Client Services
NIC EL
OSB OR NE
R OGER
(cid:87)resident and C(cid:28)(cid:75), (cid:87)N(cid:38)(cid:87) Capital
Markets, (cid:47)nc.
DIANNE POR
Manager, (cid:62)oan (cid:90)eview
T ER
IT
PR
PAT
H AR D
Manager, Banking (cid:75)perations
L ISA R EID
Manager, (cid:90)esidential Mortgage
H AR
L IE R
IVER S
(cid:90)egional (cid:87)resident
R OB ER
Area (cid:28)xecutive
R OGER S
DANA SANDER S
Manager, (cid:38)inancial (cid:90)eporting
IK
SANFOR D
ER
Manager, Credit Administration
SC AR
B OR OU GH
B OB
Area Manager, Business Banking
L INDA SEIB ER
Manager, Banking (cid:75)perations
GAR
SH AFFER
Manager, (cid:62)oan Services
M EL ANIE SH AFFER
(cid:87)rincipal and Co-manager, H(cid:87)B
(cid:47)nsurance (cid:39)roup
. SL OAN
H OM AS R
(cid:87)ast Chairman
Bank of North Carolina and BNC Bancorp
IT
R EESE L . SM
(cid:87)resident
Haury (cid:920) Smith Contractors, (cid:47)nc.
, III
T
H OM PSON
G. K ENNEDY
(cid:87)artner(cid:876)Co-head, Banking and Credit
Aquiline Capital (cid:87)artners, (cid:62)(cid:62)C
. T ER
T
R NER
(cid:87)resident and Chief (cid:28)xecutive (cid:75)fficer
(cid:87)innacle (cid:38)inancial (cid:87)artners, (cid:47)nc.
T ED SIM PSON
Senior Credit (cid:75)fficer
ST ANL EY
SM
Manager, (cid:87)innacle Asset
Management
IT
DAVID SPENC ER
(cid:28)xecutive Vice (cid:87)resident,
Carolinas and Virginia
C AT
H ER
(cid:62)egal Counsel
INE ST AL
L INGS
ST AL
FR ANK
W OR
Manager, Commercial (cid:90)eal (cid:28)state
SONJ A ST ANL EY
Manager, Human (cid:90)esources
ED ST EIN
(cid:90)egional (cid:87)resident
IL ST EVENSON
PH
(cid:38)inancial Advisor
M AN ST
H ER
Senior Credit (cid:75)fficer
IC
L AND
DAN ST
C orporate C ontrol
L EFIEL D
l er
DAVID ST
R DIVANT
Manager, Treasury Management
IE SW EENEY
J AM
Senior (cid:87)roduct Manager
IC
H EL
L E SW EENEY
Manager, (cid:87)urchasing and (cid:87)roperties
SANDER S T EAGU E
SAR AH
Senior Credit (cid:75)fficer
VANC E
T OM
Senior (cid:62)ending (cid:75)fficer
INDY
VOGL ER
Area Manager, Client Advisory
ISSY
W AL
(cid:60)noxville Chairman
L EN
K EVIN W AT SON
(cid:38)inancial Advisor (cid:876) Area Manager
W
L AR
Manager, Client Services
ISENANT
IT E
ED W
Senior (cid:62)ending (cid:75)fficer
DAVID W
Area Manager, Client Advisory
L INGH AM
IL
IT
R ANDY
Chief (cid:47)nformation (cid:75)fficer
R OW
W
M ER
SU
Manager, (cid:62)earning and (cid:24)evelopment
Y EISER
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Pinnacle Financial Partners
Pinnacle Financial Partners
Pinnacle Financial Partners
Th
e nu
Av
ir
Av
ir
Th
Av
e nu
ir
Th
v ille
Nas h
Nas h
Nas h
v ille
Sou
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Sou
, TN 3
, TN 3
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, Su
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9
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9
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p nf
p nf
c om |
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c om |
an nu
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ANNUAL REPORT
ANNUAL REPORT
ANNUAL REPORT
EXPANDING our VISION
EXPANDING our VISION
EXPANDING our VISION
Pinnacle’s footprint grew from four to 11 primarily
Pinnacle’s footprint grew from four to 11 primarily
Pinnacle’s footprint grew from four to 11 primarily
urban markets in three new states in 2017.
urban markets in three new states in 2017.
urban markets in three new states in 2017.
To ma
To ma
To ma
t
t
mile st one
mile st one
mile st one
of d ou
of d ou
of d ou
ling
ling
t
ou
ling
ou
r as se
r as se
r as se
t siz
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an d
an d
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as soc ia
as soc ia
as soc ia
b
b
as e
as e
b
, Pinna
, Pinna
, Pinna
as e
le
le
le
also expanded our vision to be the best financial services firm and the best
also expanded our vision to be the best financial services firm and the best
also expanded our vision to be the best financial services firm and the best
la
la
t o w or
t o w or
t o w or
in t
in t
in t
la
Southeast. We accomplish our ambitious goals by exciting
Southeast. We accomplish our ambitious goals by exciting
Southeast. We accomplish our ambitious goals by exciting
as soc ia
as soc ia
as soc ia
e s, w
e s, w
e s, w
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