Quarterlytics / Industrials / Electrical Equipment & Parts / Plug Power

Plug Power

plug · NASDAQ Industrials
Claim this profile
Ticker plug
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Industrials
Industry Electrical Equipment & Parts
Employees 201-500
← All annual reports
FY2020 Annual Report · Plug Power
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)
☒☒

     ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

☐☐

     TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020

For the transition period from             to            

Commission file number: 1-34392

Plug Power Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Delaware
(State or other Jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the act:

22-3672377
(i.R.S. identification
number)

Title of Each Class
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share

Trading Symbol(s)
PluG

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
the naSdaQ Capital Market

968 ALBANY SHAKER ROAD, LATHAM, NEW YORK 12110
(address of Principal executive offices, including Zip Code)
(518) 782-7700
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:    None

indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities act. Yes ☐No ☒

indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the act. Yes ☐ no ☒

indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities exchange act of 1934 during the preceding 12

months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☐ no ☒ 

indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every interactive data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-t (§232.405

of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☐ no ☒

indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company.

See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the exchange act.

large accelerated filer ☒ accelerated Filer ☐

non-accelerated filer ☐

Smaller reporting company ☐

emerging growth company ☐

if an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial

accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the exchange act. ☐

indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial

reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-oxley act (15 u.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. Yes ☒ no ☐

indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the exchange act). Yes ☐ no ☒

the aggregate market value of the registrant’s voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $2,733,184,540 based on the last

reported sale of the common stock on the naSdaQ Capital Market on June 30, 2020, the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter.

as of May 6, 2021, 568,317,504 shares of the registrant’s common stock were issued and outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

none.

    
    
 
table of Contents

item 1.
item 1a.
item 1B.
item 2.
item 3.
item 4.

Business
Risk Factors
unresolved Staff Comments
Properties
legal Proceedings
Mine Safety disclosures

INDEX TO FORM 10-K

PART I

PART II

item 5.

Market for Registrant’s Common equity, Related Stockholder Matters and issuer Purchases of

item 6.
item 7.
item 7a.
item 8.
item 9.
item 9a.
item 9B.

item 10.
item 11.
item 12.
item 13.
item 14.

equity Securities
Selected Financial data
Management’s discussion and analysis of Financial Condition and Results of operations
Quantitative and Qualitative disclosures about Market Risk
Financial Statements and Supplementary data
Changes in and disagreements with accountants on accounting and Financial disclosure
Controls and Procedures
other information

PART III

directors, executive officers and Corporate Governance
executive Compensation
Security ownership of Certain Beneficial owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
Certain Relationships and Related transactions, and director independence
Principal accounting Fees and Services

PART IV

item 15.
item 16.

exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
Form 10-K Summary

Page

8
14
31
31
31
33

34
35
36
64
64
64
65
67

67
77
101
103
104

104
109

2

table of Contents

General

Explanatory Note

References in this annual Report on Form 10-K to “Plug Power,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer to Plug Power inc.,
including as the context requires, its subsidiaries.

in this annual Report on Form 10-K, the Company:

● Restates  its  Consolidated  Balance  Sheet  as  of  december  31,  2019  and  the  related  Consolidated  Statements  of
operations,  Consolidated  Statements  of  Comprehensive  loss,  Consolidated  Statements  of  Stockholders’  equity
(deficit), and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the fiscal years ended december 31, 2019 and 2018;

● amends its Management’s discussion and analysis of Financial Condition and Results of operations (“Md&a”) as it

relates to the fiscal years ended december 31, 2019 and 2018;

● Restates its “Selected Financial data” in Part ii, item 6 for fiscal years 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016; and

● Restates  its  unaudited  Quarterly  Financial  Statements  for  the  first  three  fiscal  quarters  in  the  fiscal  year  ended

december 31, 2020 and each fiscal quarter in the fiscal year ended december 31, 2019.

Restatement Background

as described in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the u.S. Securities and exchange Commission (“SeC”) on
March  16,  2021,  the  Company  and  the  audit  Committee  of  the  Company’s  Board  of  directors  (the  “audit  Committee”)
concluded that, because of errors identified in the Company’s previously issued financial statements, the Company is restating its
financial  statements  as  of  and  for  the  years  ended  december  31,  2019  and  2018  and  for  each  of  the  quarterly  periods  ended
March 31, 2020 and 2019, June 30, 2020 and 2019, September 30, 2020 and 2019, in its Form 10-K for the year ended december
31, 2020 (collectively, the “Prior Period Financial Statements”). in addition, we have restated the statement of operations for the
three months ended december 31, 2019, which was previously disclosed as a note in its form 10-K for  the year ended december
31, 2019.

these errors were identified  after  the Company reported its 2020 fourth quarter and year end results on February 25,
2021 during the course of the audit with respect to the Company’s financial statements for the year ended december 31, 2020, as
well  as  during  preparation  of  this  annual  Report  on  Form  10-K.  we  have  determined  that  these  errors  were  the  result  of  a
material  weakness  in  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  is  reported  in  management’s  report  on  internal  control  over
financial reporting as of december 31, 2020 in Part ii, item 9a, “Controls and Procedures” of this annual Report on Form 10-K.

the restated financial statements as of and for the years ended december 31, 2019 and 2018 correct the following errors
(the “Restatement items”) (for impacts to the quarterly periods, see note 3, “unaudited Quarterly Financial data and Restatement
of Previously issued unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements”):

(a) $112.7 million overstatement of the right of use assets related to operating lease liabilities at december 31, 2019,
due  to  the  Company  incorrectly  calculating  the  operating  lease  liability  associated  with  certain  sale/  leaseback
transactions;

(b)

($1.6) million understatement of benefit for loss contracts related to service on the Statement of operations for the
year ended december 31, 2019, inclusive of the partial release of the 2018 accrual to the cost of services performed
on fuel cells and related infrastructure, and a $5.3 million understatement of the provision for loss contracts for the
year ended december 31, 2018, due to the Company not properly estimating the loss accrual related to extended
maintenance contracts;

(c) $19.5 million and $21.2 million, overstatement of gross profit (loss) for the years ended december 31, 2019 and
2018, respectively, due to the Company not properly presenting certain costs related to research and development
activities and cost of revenues;

(d) $1.8  million  recording  of  a  deemed  dividend  for  certain  conversions  of  the  Company’s  Series  e  Convertible

Preferred Stock settled in common stock during the year ended december 31, 2019;  

3

table of Contents

(e) the Company determined that the amount recorded to accumulated deficit as of January 1, 2018 for a cumulative
adjustment of approximately $3.4 million was the correction of an error in prior lease accounting.  as a result of the
correction  of  this  error,  the  $3.4  million  charge  to  accumulated  deficit  is  now  reflected  in  the  beginning
accumulated deficit for the 12 months ended december 31, 2018; and

(f) $5.3 million understatement of bonus expense and related payroll taxes for the three months ended September 30,
2020, due to the Company not properly estimating bonus expense for the nine month period ended September 30,
2020.

in  addition  to  the  errors  described  above,  the  Prior  Period  Financial  Statements  also  include  adjustments  to  correct
certain  other  errors,  including  previously  unrecorded  immaterial  adjustments  identified  in  audits  of  prior  years’  financial
statements  (the  “other  adjustments”).    the  accounting  for  the  Restatement  items  and  the  other  adjustments  in  this  annual
Report on Form 10-K does not materially impact revenue and does not impact cash and cash equivalents or the economics of the
Company’s existing or future commercial arrangements.

Restatement, Revision and Recasting of Previously Issued Consolidated Financial Statements

this annual Report on Form 10-K restates and revises amounts included in the Company’s previously issued financial
statements  as  of  and  for  the  years  ended  december  31,  2019  and  2018,  and  as  of  and  for  each  of  the  quarterly  periods  ended
March 31, 2020 and 2019, June 30, 2020 and 2019, September 30, 2020 and 2019 and december 31, 2019.

See note 2, “Restatement of Previously issued Consolidated Financial Statements,” and note 3, “unaudited Quarterly
Financial data and Restatement of Previously issued unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements,” in Part
ii,  item  8,  “Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary  data”  for  additional  information.    to  further  review  the  effects  of  the
accounting  errors  identified  and  the  restatement  adjustments,  see  Part  ii,  item  7,  “Management’s  discussion  and  analysis  of
Financial Condition and Results of operations” included in this annual Report on Form 10-K.

Previously  filed  annual  reports  on  Form  10-K  and  quarterly  reports  on  Form  10-Q  for  the  periods  affected  by  the

restatement have not been amended. accordingly, investors should no longer rely upon the Company’s previously
released financial statements for these periods and any earnings releases or other communications relating to these
periods, and, for these periods, investors should rely solely on the financial statements and other financial data for
the  relevant  periods  included  in  this  annual  Report  on  Form  10-K.  See  note  3,  “unaudited  Quarterly  Financial  data  and
Restatement  of  Previously  issued  unaudited  interim  Condensed  Consolidated  Financial  Statements,”  for  the  impact  of  these
adjustments  on  each  of  the  first  three  quarters  of  fiscal  2019  and  fiscal  2020.  in  addition,  we  have  restated  the  statement  of
operations for the three months ended december 31, 2019, which was previously disclosed as a note in Form 10-K for the year
ended december 31, 2019. Quarterly reports for fiscal 2021 will include restated results for the corresponding interim periods of
fiscal 2020.

Internal Control Considerations

in connection with the restatement, our management has assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial
reporting. Based on this assessment, management identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting,
resulting  in  the  conclusion  by  our  Chief  executive  officer  and  Chief  Financial  officer  that  our  internal  control  over  financial
reporting and our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of december 31, 2020.  Management is taking steps to
remediate the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, as described in Part ii, item 9a, “Controls and
Procedures.”

See Part ii, item 9a, “Controls and Procedures,” for additional information related to the identified material weakness in internal
control over financial reporting and the related remediation measures.

PART I

Forward-Looking Statements

the  following  discussion  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  our  consolidated  financial  statements  and  notes  thereto

included within this annual Report on Form 10-K. in addition to historical information, this annual Report on

4

table of Contents

Form  10-K  and  the  following  discussion  contain  statements  that  are  not  historical  facts  and  are  considered  forward-looking
within  the  meaning  of  Section  27a  of  the  Securities  act  of  1933,  as  amended  (the  “Securities  act”),  and  Section  21e  of  the
Securities exchange act of 1934, as amended (the “exchange act”). these forward-looking statements contain projections of our
future results of operations or of our financial position or state other forward-looking information. in some cases you can identify
these statements by forward-looking words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “continue,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,”
“may,”  “should,”  “will,”  “would,”  “plan,”  “projected”  or  the  negative  of  such  words  or  other  similar  words  or  phrases.  we
believe that it is important to communicate our future expectations to our investors. however, there may be events in the future
that  we  are  not  able  to  accurately  predict  or  control  and  that  may  cause  our  actual  results  to  differ  materially  from  the
expectations  we  describe  in  our  forward-looking  statements.  investors  are  cautioned  not  to  unduly  rely  on  forward-looking
statements because they involve risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ materially from those discussed as a result
of various factors, including, but not limited to:

●
●
●
●

●
●

●
●
●
●

●
●

●

the risk that we continue to incur losses and might never achieve or maintain profitability;
the risk that we will need to raise additional capital to fund our operations and such capital may not be available to us;
the risk of dilution to our stockholders and/or stock price should we need to raise additional capital;
the  risk  that  our  lack  of  extensive  experience  in  manufacturing  and  marketing  products  may  impact  our  ability  to
manufacture and market products on a profitable and large-scale commercial basis;
the risk that unit orders may not ship, be installed and/or converted to revenue, in whole or in part;
the risk that a loss of one or more of our major customers,  or if one of our major  customers  delays payment of or is
unable to pay its receivables, a material adverse effect could result on our financial condition;
the risk that a sale of a significant number of shares of stock could depress the market price of our common stock;
the risk that our convertible senior notes, if settled in cash, could have a material effect on our financial results;
the risk that our convertible note hedges may affect the value of our convertible senior notes and our common stock;
the risk that negative publicity related to our business or stock could result in a negative impact on our stock value and
profitability;
the risk of potential losses related to any product liability claims or contract disputes;
the  risk  of  loss  related  to  an  inability  to  remediate  the  material  weakness  identified  in  internal  control  over  financial
reporting as of december 31, 2020, or inability to otherwise maintain an effective system of internal control;
the  risk  that  the  determination  to  restate  the  Prior  Period  Financial  Statements  could  negatively  affect  investor
confidence and raise reputational issues;
the risk of loss related to an inability to maintain an effective system of internal controls;
our ability to attract and maintain key personnel;
the risks related to the use of flammable fuels in our products;
the risk that pending orders may not convert to purchase orders, in whole or in part;
the cost and timing of developing, marketing and selling our products;
the risks of delays in or not completing our product development goals;
the risks involved with participating in joint ventures;
our ability to obtain financing arrangements to support the sale or leasing of our products and services to customers;
our ability to successfully pursue new business ventures;
our ability to achieve the forecasted gross margin on the sale of our products;
the cost and availability of fuel and fueling infrastructures for our products;
the risks, liabilities, and costs related to environmental, health and safety matters;
the risk of elimination of government subsidies and economic incentives for alternative energy products;

●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
● market acceptance of our products and services, including Gendrive, GenSure and GenKey systems;
●

our ability to establish and maintain relationships with third parties with respect to product development, manufacturing,
distribution and servicing, and the supply of key product components;
the cost and availability of components and parts for our products;
the risk that possible new tariffs could have a material adverse effect on our business;
our ability to develop commercially viable products;
our ability to reduce product and manufacturing costs;
our ability to successfully market, distribute and service our products and services internationally;

●
●
●
●
●

5

table of Contents

●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●

our ability to improve system reliability for our products;
competitive factors, such as price competition and competition from other traditional and alternative energy companies;
our ability to protect our intellectual property;
the risk of dependency on information technology on our operations and the failure of such technology;
the cost of complying with current and future federal, state and international governmental regulations;
our subjectivity to legal proceedings and legal compliance;
the risks associated with past and potential future acquisitions; and
the volatility of our stock price.

the  risks  included  here  are  not  exhaustive,  and  additional  factors  could  adversely  affect  our  business  and  financial
performance, including factors and risks included in other sections of this annual Report on Form 10-K, including under item
1a, “Risk Factors”.  Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment.  new risk factors emerge
from time to time and it is not possible for management to predict all such risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all such
risk  factors  on  our  business  or  the  extent  to  which  any  factor,  or  combination  of  factors,  may  cause  actual  results  to  differ
materially  from  these  contained  in  any  forward-looking  statements.  while  forward-looking  statements  reflect  our  good  faith
beliefs, they are not guarantees of future performance. these forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which the
statements  were  made.  except  as  may  be  required  by  applicable  law,  we  do  not  undertake  or  intend  to  update  any  forward-
looking statements after the date of this annual Report on Form 10-K.

Summary of Risk Factors

the  risk  factors  detailed  in  item  1a  titled  “Risk  Factors”  in  this  annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  are  the  risks  that  we
believe are material to our investors and a reader should carefully consider them. those risks are not all of the risks we face and
other factors not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial may also affect our business if they occur. the
following is a summary of the risk factors detailed in item 1a:

● our products and performance depend largely on the availability of hydrogen gas and an insufficient supply of hydrogen

could negatively affect our sales and deployment of our products and services;

● we will continue to be dependent on certain third-party key suppliers for components in our products and failure of a
supplier to develop and supply components in a timely manner or at all, or our inability to substitute sources of these
components  on  a  timely  basis  or  on  terms  acceptable  to  us,  could  impair  our  ability  to  manufacture  our  products  or
increase our cost of production;

● Volatility in commodity prices and product shortages may adversely affect our gross margins;
● we  depend  on  a  concentration  of  anchor  customers  for  the  majority  of  our  revenues  and  the  loss  of  any  of  these

customers would adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows;

● our ability to source parts and raw materials from our suppliers could be disrupted or delayed in our supply chain which

could adversely affect our results of operations;

● weakness in the economy, market  trends and other conditions affecting  the profitability  and financial  stability  of our

customers could negatively impact our sales growth and results of operations;

● we face risks associated with our plans to market, distribute and service our products and services internationally.
● our investments in joint ventures may involve numerous risks that may affect the ability of such joint ventures to make

distributions to us;

● our products and services face intense competition and technological advances in alternative energy companies, battery

●

systems or other fuel cell technologies may make our products less attractive or render them obsolete;
if  we  cannot  obtain  financing  to  support  the  sale  of  our  products  and  service  to  customers  or  our  power  purchase
agreements with customers, such failure may adversely affect our liquidity and financial position;

● we may require additional capital funding and such capital may not be available to us;
● we have incurred losses and anticipate continuing to incur losses;
● our indebtedness could adversely affect our liquidity, financial condition and our ability to fulfill our obligations and

●

operate our business;
the agreement governing our term loan Facility with Generate lending, llC contains covenant restrictions that may
limit our ability to operate our business;

● Convertible debt securities that may be settled in cash could have a material effect on our reported financial results;

6

table of Contents

● we may not be able to expand our business or manage our future growth effectively;
● delays in or not completing our product development goals may adversely affect our revenue and profitability;
●
● we are subject to counterparty risk with respect to the convertible note hedge transactions;
● Certain  component  quality  issues  have  resulted  in  adjustments  to  our  warranty  reserves  and  the  accrual  for  loss

the convertible note hedges may affect the value of our common stock;

contracts;

● our products use flammable fuels that are inherently dangerous substances and an actual or perceive problem with our

●

products could adversely affect the market’s perception of our products;
if  our  unit  orders  do  not  ship,  are  not  installed  and/or  converted  to  revenue,  in  whole  or  in  part,  we  may  have  to
compensate customers, by either reimbursement, forfeiting portions of associated revenue, or other methods depending
on the terms of the customer contracts, which could have an adverse impact on our revenue and cash flow;

● we are dependent on information technology in our operations and the failure of such technology may adversely affect

our business;

● our future plans could be harmed if we are unable attract or retain key personnel;
● we  may  not  be  able  to  protect  important  intellectual  property  and  we  could  incur  substantial  costs  defending  against

claims that our products infringe on the proprietary rights of others;

● we are subject to legal proceedings and legal compliance risks that could harm our business;
● our financial  results  may  be  adversely  affected  by changes  in  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  united

●

●

States;
if our estimates or judgments relating to our critical accounting policies are based on assumptions that change or prove
to be incorrect, our operating results could fall below expectations of investors, resulting in a decline in our stock price;
if  we  do  not  effectively  remediate  the  material  weakness  identified  in  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of
december 31, 2020, or if we otherwise fail to maintain an effective system of internal control, we may not be able to
accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud;

● our determination to restate the Prior Period Financial Statements as a result of the identification of accounting errors

may affect investor confidence and raise reputational issues;

● we are in the process of resolving SeC comments relating to our annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
december 31, 2019 and Form 8-K filed with the SeC on november 9, 2020 regarding certain accounting and financial
disclosure matters, which could possibly result in changes in our existing accounting and financial disclosure;
the reduction or elimination of government subsidies and economic incentives for alternative energy technologies, or
the  failure  to  renew  such  subsidies  and  incentives,  could  reduce  demand  for  our  products,  lead  to  a  reduction  in  our
revenues and adversely impact our operating results and liquidity re may be a risk of;

●

● we are subject to various federal, state and local environmental and human health and safety laws and regulations that

could impose significant costs and liabilities on us;
trade policies, treaties and tariffs could have a material adverse effect on our business;

●
● our business may become subject to increased government regulation;
● Changes in tax laws or regulations or adverse outcomes resulting from examination of our income or other tax returns

●

could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition;
the  changes in  the  carryforward/carryback periods as  well as  the  new limitations on  use of  net  operating losses may
significantly impact our valuation allowance assessments for net operating losses;

● we  may  be  unable  to  establish  or  maintain  relationships  with  third  parties  for  certain  aspects  of  continued  product

developments, manufacturing, distribution and servicing and the supply of key components for our products;

● we may be unable to make attractive acquisitions or successfully integrate acquired businesses, assets or properties, and
any  ability  to  do  so  may  disrupt  our  business  and  hinder  our  ability  to  grow,  divert  the  attention  of  key  personnel,
disrupt our business and impair our financial results;

● we may be unable to successfully pursue new business ventures;
● our stock price and stock trading volume have been and could remain volatile, and the value of your investment could

●

●

decline;
Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public markets, or the perception that such sales might occur,
could  reduce  the  price  that  our  common  stock  might  otherwise  attain  and  may  dilute  your  voting  power  and  your
ownership interest in us;
if securities analysts do not publish research or reports or if they publish unfavorable or inaccurate research about our
business and our stock, the price of our stock and the trading volume could decline;

7

table of Contents

●

Provisions  in  our  charter  documents  and  delaware  law  may  discourage  or  delay  an  acquisition  of  the  Company  by  a
third party that stockholders may consider favorable;

● we do not anticipate paying any dividends on our common stock; and
●

the choice of forum provisions in our amended and restated bylaws may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in
a  judicial  forum  that  it  finds  favorable  for  disputes  with  us  or  any  of  our  current  or  former  director,  officer,  other
employee, agent, or stockholder.

Item 1.  Business

Background

as  a  leading  provider  of  comprehensive  hydrogen  fuel  cell  turnkey  solutions,  Plug  Power  is  driving  the  hydrogen
economy. the Company is focused on green hydrogen (hydrogen fuel produced using renewable resources and electrolysis) and
fuel cell solutions used to power electric motors primarily in the electric mobility and stationary power markets, responding to the
ongoing paradigm shift in the power, energy, and transportation industries to address climate change and energy security and to
meet  sustainability  goals.  Plug  Power  created  the  first  commercially  viable  market  for  hydrogen  fuel  cell.  the  Company  has
deployed over 40,000 fuel cell systems and accelerated its vertical integration through acquisitions, making it a global leader in
green hydrogen solutions.

we  are  focused  on  proton  exchange  membrane  (“PeM”),  fuel  cell  and  fuel  processing  technologies,  fuel  cell/battery
hybrid technologies, and associated hydrogen and green hydrogen generation, storage and dispensing infrastructure. a fuel cell is
an electrochemical device that combines hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity and heat without combustion.

Plug  Power  delivers  end-to-end  clean  hydrogen  and  zero-emissions  fuel  cell  solutions  for  supply  chain  and  logistics
applications, on-road electric vehicles, the stationary power market, and more. our largest market today is material handling; we
support customers at multi-shift high volume manufacturing and high throughput distribution sites where we believe our products
and  services  provide  a  unique  combination  of  productivity,  flexibility,  and  environmental  benefits.  in  June  2020,  Plug  Power
completed  the  acquisitions  of  united  hydrogen  Group  inc.  (“uhG”)  and  Giner  elX,  inc.  (“Giner  elX”),  in  line  with  the
Company’s vertical integration strategy. these acquisitions further enhance Plug Power’s position in the hydrogen industry, with
capabilities  in  generation,  liquefaction  and  distribution  of  hydrogen  fuel,  complementing  the  Company’s  industry-leading
position in the design, construction, and operation of customer-facing  hydrogen fueling stations. these acquisitions establish a
pathway for Plug Power to transition from low-carbon to zero-carbon hydrogen solutions.  

additionally, we manufacture and sell fuel cell products to replace batteries and diesel generators in stationary backup
power  applications.  these  products  have  proven  valuable  with  telecommunications,  transportation,  and  utility  customers  as
robust, reliable, and sustainable power solutions.

we were organized as a corporation in the State of delaware on June 27, 1997.

unless the context indicates otherwise, the terms “Company,” “Plug Power,” “we,” “our” or “us” as used herein refer to

Plug Power inc. and its subsidiaries.

Business Strategy

Plug Power is a leading provider of cost-effective, reliable, clean hydrogen and zero-emission fuel cell solutions. we are
committed  to  developing  effective,  economical,  and  reliable  fuel  cell  related  products,  systems  and  services  allowing  users  to
operate  sustainably,  consistently,  and  efficiently.  Building  on  our  substantial  fuel  cell  application  and  product  integration
experience,  we  are  focused  on  generating  strong  relationships  with  customers  who  value  high-asset  utilization,  increased
reliability, efficiency, and zero-emission power solutions.

our  business  strategy  leverages  our  unique  fuel  cell  application  and  integration  knowledge  to  identify  high-asset
utilization markets in an increasingly electrified world, for which we seek to design and develop innovative systems and customer
solutions that provide superior value, ease-of-use and environmentally-friendly design.

8

table of Contents

our  primary  marketing  strategy  is  to  focus  our  resources  on  high  growth  markets  such  as  on-road/e-mobility
applications  as  well  as  material  handling,  supply  chain/logistics  and  stationary  power  around  the  world.  through  established
customer  relationships,  we  have  proven  ourselves  as  a  trusted  partner  with  a  reliable  hydrogen  and  fuel  cell  solution.  Plug
Power’s  vertically  integrated  GenKey  solution  ties  together  all  critical  elements  to  power,  fuel,  and  service  customers  such  as
amazon,  the  home  depot,  the  Southern  Company,  BMw,  Carrefour,  and  walmart.  we  have  made  significant  progress  in
penetrating  the  material  handling  market,  supported  through  the  deployment  of  over  40,000  Gendrive  units  into  commercial
applications. we believe we have developed reliable products which allow the end customers to eliminate incumbent lead-acid
battery  power  sources  from  their  operations  and  realize  their  sustainability  objectives  through  adoption  of  zero-emission  clean
energy alternatives. in addition, we have deployed our GenKey hydrogen and fuel cell solution to multiple customer sites.

we have an established foundation as a major player in the green hydrogen economy – needing not only the fuel cell
systems but the ability to generate green hydrogen. we expect that Plug Power green hydrogen generation plants will be among
the first green hydrogen generation networks in north america, with plans to expand globally.

we  expect  to  leverage  our  manufacturing  prowess  at    our    Rochester  innovation  Center,  which  is  currently  under

development, and will serve as Plug Power's fuel cell and electrolyzer gigafactory, driving industry scale in manufacturing.

our operating strategy objectives include decreasing product and service costs, and expanding system reliability.

our  longer-term  strategic  objectives  are  to  deliver  economic,  social,  and  environmental  benefits  in  terms  of  reliable,

clean, cost-effective fuel cell solutions and, ultimately, productivity.

we  believe  continued  investment  in  research  and  development  is  critical  to  the  development  and  enhancement  of
innovative  products,  technologies,  and  services.  in  addition  to  evolving  our  direct  hydrogen  fueled  systems,  we  continue  to
capitalize on our investment and expertise in power electronics, controls, and software design.

we  continue  to  develop  and  monitor  future  fuel  cell  solutions  that  align  with  our  evolving  product  roadmap.  By
leveraging our current Gendrive architecture, we are continuously evaluating adjacent markets such as ProGen electric vehicles,
ground support equipment and further expansion in on-road fuel cell vehicles.

Business Organization

we manage our business as a single operating segment, emphasizing shared learning across end-user applications and

common supplier/vendor relationships.

Products and Services

Plug Power is facilitating the paradigm shift to an increasingly electrified world by innovating cutting-edge hydrogen
and fuel cell solutions.  in our core business, we provide and continue to develop commercially-viable hydrogen and fuel cell
product solutions to replace lead-acid batteries in electric material handling vehicles and industrial trucks for some of the world’s
largest retail-distribution and manufacturing businesses. we are focusing our efforts on industrial mobility applications, including
 electric forklifts and electric industrial vehicles, at multi-shift high volume manufacturing and high throughput distribution sites
where we believe our products and services provide a unique combination of productivity, flexibility, and environmental benefits.
additionally,  we  manufacture  and  sell  fuel  cell  products  to  replace  batteries  and  diesel  generators  in  stationary  backup  power
applications.  these  products  have  proven  valuable  with  telecommunications,  transportation,  and  utility  customers  as  robust,
reliable, and sustainable power solutions.

Part  of  our  long-term  plan  includes  Plug  Power  penetrating  the  on-road  vehicle  market  and  large-scale  stationary
market. Plug Power’s announcements to form joint ventures with Renault in europe and SK Group in asia not only support this
goal but are expected to provide us with a more global footprint. Plug has been successful with acquisitions, strategic partnerships
and  joint  ventures,  and  we  plan  to  continue  this  mix.    For  example,  we  expect  our  relationships  with  Brookfield  and  apex  to
provide us access to low-cost renewable energy, which is critical to low-cost green hydrogen.

9

table of Contents

our current products and services include:

Gendrive:  Gendrive  is  our  hydrogen  fueled  PeM  fuel  cell  system  providing  power  to  material  handling  electric
vehicles,  including  class  1,  2,  3  and  6  electric  forklifts,  automated  Guided  Vehicles  (“aGVs”)  and  ground  support
equipment;

GenFuel:  GenFuel is our liquid hydrogen fueling delivery, generation, storage, and dispensing system;

GenCare: GenCare is our ongoing ‘internet of things’-based maintenance and on-site service program for Gendrive fuel
cell  systems,  GenSure  fuel  cell  systems,  GenFuel  hydrogen  storage  and  dispensing  products  and  ProGen  fuel  cell
engines;

GenSure:  GenSure is our stationary fuel cell solution providing scalable, modular PeM fuel cell power to support the
backup  and  grid-support  power  requirements  of  the  telecommunications,  transportation,  and  utility  sectors;  GenSure
high Power Fuel Cell Platform will support large scale stationary power and data center markets;

GenKey: GenKey is our vertically integrated “turn-key” solution combining either Gendrive or GenSure fuel cell power
with GenFuel fuel and GenCare aftermarket service, offering complete simplicity to customers transitioning to fuel cell
power;

ProGen:  ProGen is our fuel cell stack and engine technology currently used globally in mobility and stationary fuel cell
systems, and as engines in electric delivery vans. this includes the Plug Power membrane electrode assembly (“Mea”),
a critical component of the fuel cell stack used in zero-emission fuel cell electric vehicle engines; and

GenFuel electrolyzers: GenFuel electrolyzers are modular, scalable hydrogen generators optimized for clean hydrogen
production. electrolyzers generate hydrogen from water using electricity and a special membrane and “green” hydrogen
is generated by using renewable energy inputs, such as solar or wind power.

we provide our products worldwide through our direct product sales force, and by leveraging relationships with original
equipment  manufacturers  (“oeMs”)  and  their  dealer  networks.  Plug  Power  is  targeting  asia  and  europe  for  expansion  in
adoption.  europe  has  rolled  out  ambitious  targets  for  the  hydrogen  economy  and  Plug  Power  is  executing  on  its  strategy  to
become one of the european leaders. this includes a targeted account strategy for material handling as well as securing strategic
partnerships with european oeMs, energy companies, utility leaders and accelerating our electrolyzer business. we manufacture
our  commercially  viable  products  in  latham,  new  York,  Rochester,  new  York  and  Spokane,  washington  and  support  liquid
hydrogen generation and logistics in Charleston, tennessee.

Markets/Geography & Order Status

the  Company’s  products  and  services  predominantly  serve  the  north  american  and  european  material  handling
markets, and primarily support large to mid-sized fleet, multi-shift operations in high-volume manufacturing and high-throughput
distribution centers. Based on recent market experience, it appears there may be some seasonality to sales stemming from varied
customer appropriation cycles.

orders for the Company’s products and services approximated $367.4 million at december 31, 2020. the Company’s
orders at any given time are comprised of fuel cells, hydrogen installations, maintenance services, and hydrogen fuel deliveries.
the specific elements of the orders will vary in terms of timing of delivery and can vary between 90 days to 10 years, with fuel
cells and hydrogen installations being delivered near term and maintenance services and hydrogen fuel deliveries being delivered
over a longer period of time. historically, shipments made against product orders have generally occurred between ninety days
and twenty-four months from the date of acceptance of the order.

on  december  31,  2020,  the  Company  waived  the  remaining  vesting  conditions  under  the  warrant  that  was  issued  to
amazon.com  nV investment  holdings  llC, a  wholly  owned  subsidiary  of  amazon.com  inc.  (“amazon”),  in  april  2017 (the
“amazon warrant”),  which resulted in a reduction  to revenue of $399.7 million, resulting  in negative  consolidated revenue of
$93.2  million  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2020.  See  note  18,  “warrant  transaction  agreements”  to  the  consolidated
financial statements for further information. total revenue in 2020 for this customer was negative $310.1 million. For the year
ended december 31, 2020, this customer accounted for (332.4)% of our total

10

table of Contents

consolidated  revenues  which included  a provision  for warrant  charge  of $420.0 million,  which was recorded  as a reduction  of
revenue. additionally, 156.2% of our total consolidated revenues were associated primarily with two other customers. For  the
years ended 2019 and 2018, 49.7% and 66.8%, respectively, of our total consolidated revenues were associated primarily with
two customers. For purposes of assigning a customer to a sale/leaseback  transaction completed with a financial institution, the
Company  considers  the  end  user  of  the  assets  to  be  the  ultimate  customer.  a  loss  or  decline  in  business  with  any  of  these
customers could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

we assemble  our products at our manufacturing  facilities  in latham, new York, Rochester, new York and Spokane,
washington,  and  provide  our  services  and  installations  at  customer  locations  and  service  centers  in  Romeoville,  illinois  and
dayton, ohio. in addition, we have a hydrogen production plant in Charleston, tennessee.

Working Capital Items

we currently maintain inventory levels adequate for our short-term needs based upon present levels of production.  we
consider the component parts of our different products to be generally available and current suppliers to be reliable and capable
of satisfying anticipated needs.

Distribution, Marketing and Strategic Relationships

we have developed strategic relationships with well-established companies in key areas including distribution, service,
marketing, supply, technology development and product development. we sell our products worldwide, with a primary focus on
north america, europe, and asia, through our direct product sales force, oeMs, and their dealer networks. we operate in europe
under the name hyPulsion, to develop and sell hydrogen fuel cell systems for the european material handling market.

Environmental Issues

no  significant  pollution  or  other  types  of  hazardous  emission  result  from  the  Company’s  operations  and  it  is  not
anticipated  that  our  operations  will  be  materially  affected  by  federal,  state,  or  local  provisions  concerning  environmental
controls.  our costs of complying with environmental, health and safety requirements have not been material.

we do not believe that existing or pending climate change legislation, regulation, or international treaties or accords are
reasonably likely to have a material effect in the foreseeable future on our business or markets that we serve, nor on our results of
operations, capital expenditures or financial position. we will continue to monitor emerging developments in this area.

Competition

we  experience  competition  in  all  areas  of  our  business.  the  markets  we  address  for  motive  and  backup  power  are
characterized  by  the  presence  of  well-established  battery  and  combustion  generator  products.  we  believe  the  principal
competitive  factors  in  the  markets  in  which  we  operate  include  product  features,  including  size  and  weight,  relative  price  and
performance, lifetime operating cost, including any maintenance and support, product quality and reliability, safety, ease of use,
rapid  integration  with  existing  equipment  and  processes,  customer  support  design  innovation,  marketing  and  distribution
capability, service and support and corporate reputation.

Intellectual Property

we believe that neither we nor our competitors can achieve a significant proprietary position on the basic technologies
currently used in PeM fuel cell systems. however, we believe the design and integration of our system and system components,
as well as some of the low-cost manufacturing processes that we have developed, are intellectual property that can be protected.
our intellectual property portfolio covers, among other things: fuel cell components that reduce manufacturing part count; fuel
cell  system  designs  that  lend  themselves  to  mass  manufacturing;  improvements  to  fuel  cell  system  efficiency,  reliability  and
system  life;  and  control  strategies,  such  as  added  safety  protections  and  operation  under  extreme  conditions.  in  general,  our
employees  are  party  to  agreements  providing  that  all  inventions,  whether  patented  or  not,  made  or  conceived  while  being  our
employee, which are related to or result from work or research that we perform, will remain our sole and exclusive property.

11

 
table of Contents

we have a total of 120 issued patents currently active with the united States Patent and trademark office (“uSPto”)
and at the close of 2020, we had six u.S. patent applications pending. additionally, we have 20 trademarks registered with the
uSPto and two trademark applications pending.

Government Regulation

our products, their installations and the operations at our facilities are subject to oversight and regulation at the federal,
state  and  local  level  in  accordance  with  statutes  and  ordinances  relating  to,  among  others,  building  codes,  fire  codes,  public
safety, electrical  and gas pipeline connections and hydrogen siting. the level of regulation may depend, in part, upon where a
system is located.

in  addition,  product  safety  standards  have  been  established  by  the  american  national  Standards  institute  (“anSi”),
covering  the  overall  fuel  cell  system.  the  class  1,  2  and  3  Gendrive  products  are  designed  with  the  intent  of  meeting  the
requirements of ul 2267 “Fuel Cell Power Systems for installation in industrial electric trucks” and nFPa 505 “Fire Safety
Standard  for  Powered  industrial  trucks.”  the  hydrogen  tanks  used  in  these  systems  have  been  either  certified  to  anSi/CSa
nGV2-2007 “Compressed natural Gas Vehicle Fuel Containers” or iSo/tS 15869 “Gaseous hydrogen and hydrogen blends—
land vehicle fuel tanks.” we will continue to design our Gendrive products to meet anSi and/or other applicable standards. we
certified  several  models  of  Class  1,  2  and  3  Gendrive  products  to  the  requirements  of  the  Ce  mark  with  guidance  from  a
european  certified  body.  the  hydrogen  tanks  used  in  these  systems  are  certified  to  the  Pressure  equipment  directive  by  a
european certified body.

the  GenFuel  hydrogen  storage  and  dispensing  products  are  designed  with  the  intent  of  meeting  the  requirements  of

nFPa 2 “hydrogen technologies Code.”

other than these requirements, at this time we do not know what additional requirements, if any, each jurisdiction will
impose on our products or their installation. we also do not know the extent to which any new regulations may impact our ability
to distribute, install and service our products. as we continue distributing our systems to our target markets, the federal, state,
local  or  foreign  government  entities  may seek  to impose  regulations  or  competitors  may seek  to influence  regulations  through
lobbying efforts.

See item  1a,  “Risk  Factors,”  for  a  discussion  of  these  governmental  regulations  and  other  material  risks  to  us,

including, to the extent material, to our competitive position.

Raw Materials and Suppliers

Most  components  essential  to  our  business  are  generally  available  from  multiple  sources.    we  believe  there  are
component  suppliers  and  manufacturing  vendors  whose  loss  to  us  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  upon  our  business  and
financial  condition. we are mitigating  these potential  risks by introducing  alternate  system architectures  which we expect will
allow  us  to  diversify  our  supply  chain  with  multiple  fuel  cell  stack  and  air  supply  component  vendors.  we  are  also  working
closely with these vendors and other key suppliers on coordinated product introduction plans, strategic inventories, and internal
and  external  manufacturing  schedules  and  levels.  historically,  we  have  not  experienced  significant  delays  in  the  supply  or
availability  of  our  key  raw  materials  or  components  provided  by  our  suppliers,  nor  have  we  experienced  a  significant  price
increase for raw materials or components.

Research and Development

Because  the  fuel  cell  industry  is  still  in  the  early  state  of  adoption,  our  ability  to  compete  successfully  is  heavily
dependent  upon  our  ability  to  ensure  a  continual  and  timely  flow  of  competitive  products,  services,  and  technologies  to  the
marketplace. we continue to develop new products and technologies and to enhance existing products in the areas of cost, size,
weight, and in supporting service solutions in order to drive further commercialization.

we  reviewed  the  composition  of  our  research  and  development  expenses  and  corrected  errors  in  the  presentation  of
these  expenses  (See  note  2,  “Restatement  of  Previously  issued  Consolidated  Financial  Statements”  and  note  3,  “unaudited
Quarterly  Financial  data  and  Restatement  of  Previously  issued  unaudited  interim  Condensed  Consolidated  Financial
Statements”).  we  may  also  expand  the  range  of  our  product  offerings  and  intellectual  property  through  licensing  and/or
acquisition of third-party business and technology. our research and development expense totaled $27.8 million,

12

table of Contents

$15.1 million, and $12.8 million during the years ended december 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, as restated. we also
had cost of research and development contract revenue of $0, $0.2 million, and $0 during the years ended december 31, 2020,
2019,  and  2018,  respectively,  as  restated.  these  expenses  represent  the  cost  of  research  and  development  programs  that  are
partially  funded  under  cost  reimbursement  research  and  development  arrangements  with  third  parties  and  are  reported  within
other cost of revenue on the consolidated statements of operations.

Employees and Human Capital Resources

as of december 31, 2020, we had 1,285 employees, with 1,253 located in the united States and 32 located outside of
the united States, as well as 300 temporary employees. in order to facilitate talent attraction and retention, we strive to make Plug
Power a safe, rewarding, and challenging workplace with competitive salaries.

our employees are critical to the Company’s growth, expansion and success, and we consider our relationship with our
employees  to  be  positive.  the  Company  is  dedicated  to  fostering  a  culture  of  diversity  and  committed  to  hiring  talented
individuals from all backgrounds and perspectives to which the Company’s ultimate success is linked.

COVID 19 Health Measures

in response to the CoVid-19 pandemic, we implemented measures to help ensure the health, safety, and security of our
employees,  while  constantly  monitoring  the  rapidly  evolving  situation  and  adapting  our  efforts  and  responses.      we  are
endeavoring  to  follow  guidance  from  authorities  and  health  officials.  this  includes  having  the  majority  of  our  back-office
employees work remotely, imposing travel restrictions and implementing safety measures for employees continuing critical on-
site  work  including,  but  not  limited  to,  social  distancing  practices,  temperature  checks,  health  symptoms  attestations  when
entering  our  facilities,  and  the  use  of  personal  protective  equipment  as  appropriate  and  in  accordance  with  local  laws  and
regulations.  our system  and production  facilities  have also implemented  additional  cleaning  and sanitization  routines and split
shifts to ensure that we can continue to keep our brands in supply.

Diversity

the Company is committed to promoting and supporting diversity. the Company believes that behaving inclusively is
the right thing to do.  the Company also believes that hearing different voices, seeking different perspectives and ideas, leads to
better results.  the Company stives to promote diversity on its Board of directors (the “Board” or “Board of directors”) and in
leadership  roles  throughout  the  Company.    Currently,  two  of  the  Company’s  10  directors  are  female.    the  Company’s
commitment to diversity throughout the organization is further enhanced by policies related to various aspects of employment,
including  but  not  limited  to,  recruiting,  selecting,  hiring  employment  placement,  job  assignment,  compensation,  access  to
benefits, selection for training, use of facilities and participation in Company-sponsored employee activities.

Performance Management and Incentives

our  full-year  performance  management  process  begins  with  setting  annual  goals  for  the  Company,  which  guide  the
development  of  functional  and  individual  employee  goals.  employees  and  their  managers  are  accountable  for  goals  and  must
review performance against the goals on an ongoing basis. we provide employee base wages that are competitive and consistent
with  employee  positions,  skill  levels,  experience,  and  location.  additionally,  we  believe  that  individual  performance  and  the
results  of  the  Company  are  directly  linked  to  payment  of  annual  short-term  incentive  compensation.  employees  may  also  be
granted equity compensation awards with multi-year vesting for retention.

Compensation and Benefits

in  addition  to  salaries,  the  Company  also  offers  compensation  and  benefits  programs  such  as:  potential  annual
discretionary bonuses, stock awards, a 401(k) Savings & Retirement Plan, healthcare and insurance benefits, health savings and
flexible spending accounts, paid time off and flexible work schedules, among others. we offer comprehensive health, welfare and
retirement  benefit.    we  also  offer  supplemental  benefits  programs  designed  to  enhance  the  daily  life  and  well-being  of  our
employees, including wellness and paid time-off.  

13

 
table of Contents

the Company believes that identifying and developing the next generation of business leaders is important to its long-

term success, and is proud to support it employees in furthering their education with tuition reimbursement plans and training.

Financial Information About Geographic Areas

Please refer to our Geographic information included in our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included

in Part ii, item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary data” of this annual Report on Form 10-K.

Available Information

our annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to
those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the exchange act are available free of charge, other than an
investor’s own internet access charges, on the Company’s website at www.plugpower.com as soon as reasonably practicable after
the Company electronically files such material with, or furnishes it to, the SeC. the information contained on our website is not
included as a part of, or incorporated by reference into, this annual Report on Form 10-K. the SeC also maintains an internet
site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with
the SeC. the SeC’s website address is http://www.sec.gov.

Item 1A.  Risk Factors

the following risk factors should be considered carefully in addition to the other information in this annual Report on
Form 10-K. the occurrence of any of the following material risks could harm our business and future results of operations and
could result in the trading price of our common stock declining and a partial or complete loss of your investment. these risks are
not  the  only  ones  that  we  face.  additional  risks  not  presently  known  to  us  or  that  we  currently  consider  immaterial  may  also
impair  our  business  operations  and  trading  price  of  our  common  stock.  the  discussion  contained  in  this  annual  Report  on
Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27a of the Securities act and Section 21e of
the exchange act, that involve risks and uncertainties. Please refer to the section entitled “Forward-looking Statements.”

A. MARKET RISKS

Our  products  and  performance  depend  largely  on  the  availability  of  hydrogen  gas  and  an  insufficient  supply  of  hydrogen
could negatively affect our sales and deployment of our products and services.

our  products  and  services  depend  largely  on  the  availability  of  hydrogen  gas.  we  are  dependent  upon  hydrogen
suppliers for success with the profitable commercialization of our products and services. if these fuels are not readily available or
if their prices are such that energy produced by our products costs more than energy provided by other sources, then our products
could be less attractive to potential users and our products’ value proposition could be negatively affected. if hydrogen suppliers
elect not to participate in the material handling market, there may be an insufficient supply of hydrogen for this market that could
negatively affect our sales and deployment of our products and services.

We  will  continue  to  be  dependent  on  certain  third-party  key  suppliers  for  components  in  our  products.  The  failure  of  a
supplier to develop and supply components in a timely manner or at all, or our inability to obtain substitute sources of these
components  on  a  timely  basis  or  on  terms  acceptable  to  us,  could  impair  our  ability  to  manufacture  our  products  or  could
increase our cost of production.

we rely on certain key suppliers for critical components in our products, and there are numerous other components for
our  products  that  are  sole  sourced.  if  we  fail  to  maintain  our  relationships  with  our  suppliers  or  build  relationships  with  new
suppliers, or if suppliers are unable to meet our demand, we may be unable to manufacture our products, or our products may be
available only at a higher cost or after a delay.  in addition, to the extent that our supply partners use technology or manufacturing
processes that are proprietary, we may be unable to obtain comparable components from alternative sources.

the  failure  of  a  supplier  to  develop  and  supply  components  in  a  timely  manner  or  at  all,  or  to  develop  or  supply
components  that  meet  our  quality,  quantity  and  cost  requirements,  or  our  inability  to  obtain  substitute  sources  of  these
components on a timely basis or on terms acceptable to us, could impair our ability to manufacture our products or could

14

table of Contents

increase our cost of production. if we cannot obtain substitute materials or components on a timely basis or on acceptable terms,
we could be prevented from delivering our products to our customers within required timeframes.  any such delays could result
in sales and installation delays, cancellations, penalty payments or loss of revenue and market share, any of which could have a
material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

We depend on a concentration of anchor customers for the majority of our revenues and the loss of any of these customers
would adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

we sell most of our products to a range of customers that include a few anchor customers, and while we are continually
seeking  to  expand  our  customer  base,  we  expect  this  will  continue  for  the  next  several  years.  on  december  31,  2020,  the
Company waived the vesting conditions under the amazon warrant, which resulted in a reduction in revenue of $399.7 million,
resulting  in  negative  consolidated  revenue  of  $93.2  million  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2020.  See  note  18,  “warrant
transaction agreements” to the consolidated financial statements for further information. total revenue in 2020 for this customer
was  negative  $310.1  million.  For  the  year  ended  december  31,  2020,  this  customer  accounted  for  (332.4)%  of  our  total
consolidated  revenues  which included  a provision  for warrant  charge  of $420.0 million,  which was recorded  as a reduction  of
revenue.  additionally,  156.2%  of  our  total  consolidated  revenues  were  associated  primarily  with  two other  customers.  For the
year ended december 31, 2019 and 2018, 49.7% and 66.8% of our total consolidated revenues were associated primarily with
two customers, respectively. any decline in business with significant customers could have an adverse impact on our business,
financial condition, and results of operations. our future success is dependent upon the continued purchases of our products by a
small number of customers. if we are unable to broaden our customer base and expand relationships with potential customers, our
business will continue to be impacted by demand fluctuations due to our dependence on a small number of customers. demand
fluctuations can have a negative impact on our revenues, business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. our
dependence  on  a  small  number  of  major  customers  exposes  us  to  additional  risks.  a  slowdown,  delay  or  reduction  in  a
customer’s  orders could result  in excess inventories  or unexpected  quarterly  fluctuations  in our operating  results and liquidity.
 each  of  our  major  customers  has  significant  purchasing  leverage  over  us  to  require  changes  in  sales  terms  including  pricing,
payment  terms  and  product  delivery  schedules,  which  could  adversely  affect  our  business,  financial  condition,  results  of
operations  and  cash  flows.  at  december  31,  2020,  three  customers  comprised  approximately  73.9%  of  the  total  accounts
receivable  balance.  at  december  31,  2019,  two  customers  comprised  approximately  62.6%  of  the  total  accounts  receivable
balance. if one of our major customers delays payment of or is unable to pay their receivables, that could have a material adverse
effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Volatility in commodity prices and product shortages may adversely affect our gross margins.

Some  of  our  products  contain  commodity-priced  materials.  Commodity  prices  and  supply  levels  affect  our  costs.  For
example, platinum is a key material in our PeM fuel cells. Platinum is a scarce natural resource, and we are dependent upon a
sufficient supply of this commodity.

any shortages could adversely affect our ability to produce commercially viable fuel cell systems and significantly raise
our cost of producing our fuel cell systems. while we do not anticipate significant near- or long-term shortages in the supply of
platinum,  a  shortage  could  adversely  affect  our  ability  to  produce  commercially  viable  PeM  fuel  cells  or  raise  our  cost  of
producing such products. our ability to pass on such increases in costs in a timely manner depends on market conditions, and the
inability to pass along cost increases could result in lower gross margins.

Our ability to source parts and raw materials from our suppliers could be disrupted or delayed in our supply chain which
could adversely affect our results of operations.

our operations require significant amounts of necessary parts and raw materials. we deploy a continuous, companywide
process to source our parts and raw materials from fewer suppliers, and to obtain parts from suppliers in low-cost countries where
possible. if we are unable to source these parts or raw materials, our operations may be disrupted, or we could experience a delay
or halt in certain of our manufacturing operations. we believe that our supply management and production practices are based on
an  appropriate  balancing  of  the  foreseeable  risks  and  the  costs  of  alternative  practices.  nonetheless,  reduced  availability  or
interruption in supplies, whether resulting from more stringent regulatory requirements, supplier financial condition, increases in
duties  and  tariff  costs,  disruptions  in  transportation,  an  outbreak  of  a  severe  public  health  pandemic,  such  as  the  CoVid-19
pandemic, severe weather, or the occurrence or threat of wars or other conflicts, could have an adverse effect on our financial
condition, results of operations and cash flows.

15

table of Contents

Weakness  in  the  economy,  market  trends  and  other  conditions  affecting  the  profitability  and  financial  stability  of  our
customers could negatively impact our sales growth and results of operations.

the  demand  for  our  products  and  services  is  sensitive  to  the  production  activity,  capital  spending  and  demand  for
products  and  services  of  our  customers.  Many  of  our  customers  operate  in  markets  that  are  subject  to  cyclical  fluctuations
resulting from market uncertainty, trade and tariff policies, costs of goods sold, currency exchange rates, central bank interest rate
changes,  foreign  competition,  offshoring  of  production,  oil  and  natural  gas  prices,  geopolitical  developments,  labor  shortages,
inflation, deflation, and a variety of other factors beyond our control. any of these factors could cause customers to idle or close
facilities, delay purchases, reduce production levels, or experience reductions in the demand for their own products or services.

any of these events could also reduce the volume of products and services these customers purchase from us or impair
the ability of our customers to make full and timely payments and could cause increased pressure on our selling prices and terms
of sale. accordingly, a significant or prolonged slowdown in activity in the united States or any other major world economy, or a
segment of any such economy, could negatively impact our sales growth and results of operations.

We face risks associated with our plans to market, distribute and service our products and services internationally.

we  have  begun  to  market,  distribute,  sell  and  service  our  product  offerings  internationally  and  expect  to  continue
investing  in  our  international  operations.  we  have  limited  experience  operating  internationally,  including  developing  and
manufacturing  our  products  to  comply  with  the  commercial  and  legal  requirements  of  international  markets.  our  success  in
international  markets  will  depend,  in  part,  on  our  ability  and  that  of  our  partners  to  secure  relationships  with  foreign  sub-
distributors, and our ability to manufacture products that meet foreign regulatory and commercial requirements. additionally, our
planned  international  operations  are  subject  to  other  inherent  risks,  including  potential  difficulties  in  enforcing  contractual
obligations and intellectual property rights in foreign countries, and could be adversely affected due to fluctuations in currency
exchange  rates,  political  and  economic  instability,  acts  or  threats  of  terrorism,  changes  in  governmental  policies  or  policies  of
central  banks,  expropriation,  nationalization  and/or  confiscation  of  assets,  price  controls,  fund  transfer  restrictions,  capital
controls, exchange rate controls, taxes, unfavorable political and diplomatic developments, changes in legislation or regulations
and other additional developments or restrictive  actions over which we will have no control.

doing  business  in  foreign  markets  requires  us  to  be  able  to  respond  to  rapid  changes  in  market,  legal,  and  political
conditions in these countries. as we expand in international markets, we may face numerous challenges, including unexpected
changes in regulatory requirements; potential conflicts or disputes that countries may have to deal with; required compliance with
anti-bribery laws, such as the u.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices act or the uK anti-Bribery act of 2010, data privacy requirements,
labor laws and anti-competition regulations; export or import restrictions; laws and business practices favoring local companies;
fluctuations in currency exchange rates; longer payment cycles and difficulties in collecting accounts receivables; difficulties in
managing international operations; potentially adverse tax consequences, tariffs, customs charges, bureaucratic requirements and
other  trade  barriers;  restrictions  on  repatriation  of  earnings  and  the  burdens  of  complying  with  a  wide  variety  of  international
laws.  any  of  these  factors  could  adversely  affect  our  results  of  operations  and  financial  condition.  the  success  of  our
international  expansion  will  depend,  in  part,  on  our  ability  to  succeed  in  navigating  the  different  legal,  regulatory,  economic,
social, and political environments. For example, in June 2016, voters in the united Kingdom approved a reference to withdraw
the  united  Kingdom’s  membership  from  the  european  union,  which  is  commonly  known  as  “Brexit.”    the  united  Kingdom
formally left the european union on January 31, 2020, but the united Kingdom remained in the european union’s customs union
and single market for a transition period that expired on december 31, 2020.  on december 24, 2020, the united Kingdom and
the european union entered into a trade and Cooperation agreement which was applied on a provisional basis from January 1,
2021.  while the economic integration does not reach the level that existed during the time the united Kingdom was a member
state of the european union, the trade and Cooperation agreement sets out preferential arrangements in areas such as trade in
goods  and  in  services,  digital  trade  and  intellectual  property.  negotiations  between  the  united  Kingdom  and  the  european
union are expected to continue in relation to the relationship between the united Kingdom and the european union in certain
other areas which are not covered by the trade and Cooperation agreement. the long term effects of Brexit will depend on the
effects  of  the  implementation  and  application  of  the  trade  and  Cooperation  agreement  and  any  other  relevant  agreements
between  the  united  Kingdom  and  the  european  union.    we  cannot  predict  the  effect  of  Brexit  nor  do  we  have  control  over
whether and to which effect any other member state will decide to exit the european union

16

table of Contents

in the future. these developments, as well as potential crises and forms of political instability arising therefrom or any other as of
yet unforeseen development, may harm our business.

Our  investments  in  joint  ventures  may  involve  numerous  risks  that  may  affect  the  ability  of  such  joint  ventures  to  make
distributions to us.

in the future we plan to conduct some of our operations through joint ventures in which we share control with our joint
venture participants. our joint venture participants may have economic, business or legal interests or goals that are inconsistent
with ours, or those of the joint venture. Furthermore, our joint venture participants may be unable to meet their economic or other
obligations, and we may be required to fulfill those obligations alone. Failure by us, or an entity in which we have a joint venture
interest, to adequately manage the risks associated with such joint ventures could have a material adverse effect on the financial
condition or results of operations of our joint ventures and, in turn, our business and operations. in addition, should any of these
risks materialize, it could have a material adverse effect on the ability of the joint venture to make future distributions to us.

Our products and services face intense competition.

the  markets  for  energy  products  are  intensely  competitive.  Some  of  our  competitors  in  the  motive  power  sector
(predominantly  incumbent  technologies)  are  much  larger  than  we  are  and  may  have  the  manufacturing,  marketing  and  sales
capabilities to complete research, development, and commercialization of profitable, commercially viable products more quickly
and effectively than we can. there are many companies engaged in all areas of traditional and alternative energy generation in the
united States and abroad, including, among others, major electric, oil, chemical, natural gas, battery, generator and specialized
electronics  firms,  as  well  as  universities,  research  institutions  and  foreign  government-sponsored  companies.  these  firms  are
engaged in forms of power generation such as advanced battery technologies, generator sets, fast charged technologies and other
types of fuel cell technologies. in addition, the primary current value proposition for our customers stems from productivity gains
in  using  our  solutions.  longer  term,  given  evolving  market  dynamics  and  changes  in  alternative  energy  tax  credits,  if  we  are
unable to successfully develop future products that are competitive with competing technologies in terms of price, reliability and
longevity, customers may not buy our products. technological advances in alternative energy products, battery systems or other
fuel cell technologies may make our products less attractive or render them obsolete.

B. FINANCIAL AND LIQUIDITY RISKS

If  we  cannot  obtain  financing  to  support  the  sale  of  our  products  and  service  to  our  customers  or  our  power  purchase
agreements with customers, such failure may adversely affect our liquidity and financial position.

Customers representing most of our revenue access our products through Power Purchase agreements (“PPas”), rather
than a direct purchase. these PPa arrangements require us to finance the purchase of such products, either ourselves or through
third-party financing sources. to date, we have been successful in obtaining or providing the necessary financing arrangements.
there is no certainty, however, that we will be able to continue to obtain or provide adequate financing for these arrangements on
acceptable terms, or at all, in the future. Failure to obtain or provide such financing may result in the loss of material customers
and  product  sales,  which  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial  condition,  and  results  of  operations.
Further,  if  we  are  required  to  continue  to  pledge  or  restrict  substantial  amounts  of  our  cash  to  support  these  financing
arrangements, such cash will not be available to us for other purposes, which may have a material adverse effect on our liquidity
and financial position. For example, as of december 31, 2020, approximately $321.4 million of our cash is restricted to support
such leasing arrangements, which prevents us from using such cash for other purposes.

We may require additional capital funding and such capital may not be available to us.

as of december 31, 2020, we had cash and cash equivalents of $1.3 billion, restricted cash of $321.9 million and net
working capital of $1.4 billion (which is comprised of the net amount of current assets of $1.6 billion and current liabilities of
$222.4 million).  this compares  to $139.5 million,  $230.0 million,  and $179.7 million,  of cash  and cash  equivalents,  restricted
cash, and net working capital (which is comprised of the net amount of current assets of $313.7 million and current liabilities of
$134.0 million), respectively, on december 31, 2019, as restated.  

17

table of Contents

our cash requirements relate primarily to working capital needed to operate and grow our business, including funding
operating  expenses,  growth  in  inventory  to  support  both  shipments  of  new  units  and  servicing  the  installed  base,  growth  in
equipment  leased  and  equipment  related  to  PPas  for  customers  under  long-term  arrangements,  funding  the  growth  in  our
GenKey “turn-key” solution, which includes the installation of our customers’ hydrogen infrastructure as well as delivery of the
hydrogen  fuel,  continued  expansion  of  our  markets,  such  as  europe  and  asia,  continued  development  and  expansion  of  our
products,  such  as  ProGen,  payment  of  lease  obligations  under  sale/leaseback  financings,  mergers  and  acquisitions,  liquid
hydrogen plant construction, expanding production facilities and the repayment or refinancing of our long-term debt. our ability
to meet future liquidity needs and capital requirements will depend upon numerous factors, including the timing and quantity of
product orders and shipments; attaining and expanding positive gross margins across all product lines; the timing and amount of
our operating expenses; the timing and costs of working capital needs; the timing and costs of building a sales base; the ability of
our customers to obtain financing to support commercial transactions; our ability to obtain financing arrangements to support the
sale or leasing of our products and services to customers, including financing arrangements to repay or refinance our long-term
debt, and the terms of such agreements that may require us to pledge or restrict substantial amounts of our cash to support these
financing arrangements; the timing and costs of developing marketing and distribution channels; the timing and costs of product
service  requirements;  the  timing  and  costs  of  hiring  and  training  product  staff;  the  extent  to  which  our  products  gain  market
acceptance;  the  timing  and  costs  of  product  development  and  introductions;  the  extent  of  our  ongoing  and  new  research  and
development  programs;  and  changes  in  our  strategy  or  our  planned  activities.  if  we  are  unable  to  fund  our  operations  with
positive cash flows and cannot obtain external financing, we may not be able to sustain future operations.  as a result, we may be
required to delay, reduce and/or cease our operations and/or seek bankruptcy protection.

we cannot assure you that any necessary additional financing will be available on terms favorable to us, or at all. we
believe  that  it  could  be  difficult  to  raise  additional  funds  and  there  can  be  no  assurance  as  to  the  availability  of  additional
financing or the terms upon which additional financing may be available. additionally, even if we raise sufficient capital through
additional  equity  or  debt  financings,  strategic  alternatives  or  otherwise,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  revenue  or  capital
infusion  will  be  sufficient  to  enable  us  to  develop  our  business  to  a  level  where  it  will  be  profitable  or  generate  positive  cash
flow. if we incur additional debt, a substantial portion of our operating cash flow may be dedicated to the payment of principal
and interest on such indebtedness, thus limiting funds available for our business activities. the terms of any debt securities issued
could also impose significant restrictions on our operations. Broad market and industry factors may seriously harm the market
price  of  our  common  stock,  regardless  of  our  operating  performance,  and  may  adversely  impact  our  ability  to  raise  additional
funds.  if  we  raise  additional  funds  through  collaborations  and/or  licensing  arrangements,  we  might  be  required  to  relinquish
significant rights to our technologies or grant licenses on terms that are not favorable to us.

We have incurred losses and anticipate continuing to incur losses.

we have not achieved operating profitability in any quarter since our formation and we will continue to incur net losses
until  we  can  produce  sufficient  revenue  to  cover  our  costs.  our  net  losses  attributable  to  common  stockholders  were
approximately  $596.2 million  in 2020, $85.6 million in 2019 and $85.7 million in 2018, as restated  for 2019 and 2018. as of
december 31, 2020, we had an accumulated deficit of $1.9 billion. we anticipate that we will continue to incur losses until we
can  produce  and  sell  our  products  and  services  on  a  large-scale  and  cost-effective  basis.  we  cannot  guarantee  when  we  will
operate profitably, if ever. in order to achieve profitability, we must successfully execute our planned path to profitability in the
early adoption markets on which we are focused. the profitability of our products depends largely on material and manufacturing
costs  and  the  market  price  of  hydrogen.  the  hydrogen  infrastructure  that  is  needed  to  support  our  growth  readiness  and  cost
efficiency must be available and cost efficient. we must continue to shorten the cycles in our product roadmap with respect to
improvement in product reliability  and performance that our customers expect. we must execute on successful introduction of
our  products  into  the  market.  we  must  accurately  evaluate  our  markets  for,  and  react  to,  competitive  threats  in  both  other
technologies (such as advanced batteries) and our technology field. Finally, we must continue to lower our products’ build costs
and lifetime service costs. if we are unable to successfully take these steps, we may never operate profitably, and, even if we do
achieve profitability, we may be unable to sustain or increase our profitability in the future.

Our indebtedness could adversely affect our liquidity, financial condition and our ability to fulfill our obligations and operate
our business.

at december 31, 2020, our total outstanding indebtedness was approximately $442.6 million, consisting of $127

thousand of the $100.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes due on March

18

table of Contents

15, 2023 (the “5.5% Convertible Senior notes”), $85.5 million of the $200.0 in aggregate principal amount of 3.75% Convertible
Senior notes due June 1, 2025 (the “3.75% Convertible Senior notes”), $175.4 million of long-term debt primarily associated
with our term loan Facility with Generate lending, llC, or the term loan Facility, and other long-term debt, and $181.6
million of finance obligations consisting primarily of debt associated with sale of future revenues and sale/leaseback financings.

our high level of indebtedness could have negative consequences on our future operations, including:

●
●

●

●
●

●

●

we may have difficulty satisfying our obligations with respect to our outstanding debt;
we may have difficulty obtaining financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or
other purposes;
we may  need to  use all,  or a substantial  portion,  of  our available  cash  flow to pay interest  and principal  on our
debt, which will reduce the amount of money available to finance our operations and other business activities;
our vulnerability to general economic downturns and adverse industry conditions could increase;
our  flexibility  in  planning  for,  or  reacting  to,  changes  in  our  business  and  in  our  industry  in  general  could  be
limited;
our amount of debt and the amount we must pay to service our debt obligations could place us at a competitive
disadvantage compared to our competitors that may have less debt; and
our failure to comply with the covenants in the agreement governing our term loan Facility which, among other
things, limit our ability to incur debt and sell assets, could result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived,
could have a material adverse effect on our business or prospects.

our level of indebtedness will require that we use a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to pay principal
of,  and  interest  on,  our  indebtedness,  which  will  reduce  the  availability  of  cash  to  fund  working  capital  requirements,  capital
expenditures, research and development and other general corporate or business activities.  our ability to generate cash to repay
our  indebtedness  is  subject  to  the  performance  of  our  business,  as  well  as  general  economic,  financial,  competitive  and  other
factors that are beyond our control. if our business does not generate sufficient cash flow from operating activities or if future
borrowings  are  not  available  to  us  in  amounts  sufficient  to  enable  us  to  fund  our  liquidity  needs,  our  operating  results  and
financial condition may be adversely affected.

The  agreement  governing  our  Term  Loan  Facility  contains  covenant  restrictions  that  may  limit  our  ability  to  operate  our
business.

we  may  be  unable  to  respond  to  changes  in  business  and  economic  conditions,  engage  in  transactions  that  might
otherwise be beneficial to us, or obtain additional financing, because the agreement governing our term loan Facility contains
covenant  restrictions  that  limit  our  ability  to,  among  other  things:  incur  additional  debt,  create  liens,  make  acquisitions,  make
loans,  pay  dividends,  dissolve,  or  enter  into  leases  and  asset  sale.  in  addition,  the  agreement  requires  that  we  comply  with  a
collateral  coverage  covenant  that  was  first  measured  on  december  31,  2020.  our  ability  to  comply  with  these  covenants  is
dependent on our future performance, which will be subject to many factors, some of which are beyond our control, including
prevailing  economic  conditions.  in addition, our failure  to comply  with this covenant could result  in a default  under our other
debt  instruments,  which  could  permit  the  holders  to  accelerate  such  debt.  if  any  of  our  debt  is  accelerated,  we  may  not  have
sufficient funds available to repay such debt, which could materially and negatively affect our financial condition and results of
operations.

although we are currently in compliance with, or have obtained waivers for, the covenants contained in the agreement 

governing our term loan Facility, we cannot assure you that we will be able to remain in compliance with such covenants in the 
future. an event of default under the agreement governing our term loan Facility could have a material adverse effect on our 
liquidity, financial condition, and results of operations.

Convertible debt securities that may be settled in cash could have a material effect on our reported financial results.

under accounting Standards Codification (“aSC”) 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options, or aSC 470-20,
an entity must separately account for the liability and equity components of the convertible debt instruments (such as the 3.75%
Convertible  Senior  notes  and  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes)  that  may  be  settled  entirely  or  partially  in  cash  upon
conversion  in  a  manner  that  reflects  the  issuer’s  economic  interest  cost.  the  effect  of  aSC  470-20  on  the  accounting  for  the
convertible senior notes is that the equity component is required to be included in the additional paid-

19

table of Contents

in  capital  section  of  stockholders’  equity  on  our  consolidated  balance  sheet  at  the  issuance  date  and  the  value  of  the  equity
component would be treated as debt discount for purposes of accounting for the debt component of the convertible senior notes.
as a result, we are required to record a non-cash interest expense as a result of the amortization of the discounted carrying value
of the convertible senior notes to their face amount over the term of the convertible senior notes. as a result, we report larger net
losses (or lower net income) in our financial results because aSC 470-20 requires interest to include the amortization of the debt
discount, which could adversely affect our reported or future financial results or the trading price of our common stock.

in  august  2020,  the  Financial  accounting  Standards  Board  (“FaSB”)  issued  aSu  2020-06,  “debt  -  debt  with
Conversion and other options (Subtopic 470-20) and derivatives and hedging - Contracts in entity's own equity (Subtopic 815-
40):  accounting  for  Convertible  instruments  and  Contracts  in  an  entity's  own  equity  (“aSu  2020-06”).”  this  accounting
Standards  update  (“aSu”)  simplifies  the  complexity  associated  with  applying  generally  accepted  accounting  principles  in  the
united  States  (“GaaP”)  for  certain  financial  instruments  with  characteristics  of  liabilities  and  equity.  More  specifically,  the
amendments focus on the guidance for convertible instruments and derivative scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own
equity.  under  aSu 2020-06,  the  embedded  conversion  features  are  no  longer  separated  from  the  host  contract  for  convertible
instruments with conversion features that are not required to be accounted for as derivatives under topic 815, or that do not result
in  substantial  premiums  accounted  for  as  paid-in  capital.  Consequently,  a  convertible  debt  instrument,  such  as  the  3.75%
Convertible  Senior  notes  and  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes,  will  be  accounted  for  as  a  single  liability  measured  at  its
amortized cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation and recognition as derivatives. the new guidance also requires the
if-converted method to be applied for all convertible instruments and requires additional disclosures. this guidance is required to
be  adopted  by  January  1,  2022,  and  early  adoption  is  permitted,  but  no  earlier  than  fiscal  years  beginning  after  december  15,
2020. the Company has elected to early adopt this guidance on January 1, 2021 using the modified retrospective method. under
this transition method, the cumulative effect of accounting change will remove the impact of recognizing the equity component of
the  Company’s  convertible  notes  (at  issuance  and  the  subsequent  accounting  impact  of  additional  interest  expense  from  debt
discount amortization). the cumulative effective of the accounting change will increase the carrying amount of the convertible
notes by $120.7 million, accumulated deficit will be reduced by $9.5 million and additional paid-in capital will be reduced by
$130.2 million. Future interest expense of the convertible notes will be lower as a result of adoption of this guidance and net loss
per share will be computed using the if-converted method for these securities.

The convertible note hedges may affect the value of our common stock.

in  conjunction  with  the  pricing  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes,  the  Company  entered  into  privately  negotiated
capped  call  transactions  (the  “3.75%  notes  Capped  Call”)  with  certain  counterparties  at  a  price  of  $16.3  million.  the  3.75%
notes Capped Call cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments, the aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock
that underlie the initial 3.75% Convertible Senior notes and is generally expected to reduce potential dilution to the Company’s
common  stock  upon  any  conversion  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  and/or  offset  any  cash  payments  the  Company  is
required to make in excess of the principal amount of the converted notes, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset
subject  to  a  cap  based  on  the  cap  price.  the  cap  price  of  the  3.75%  notes  Capped  Call  is  initially  $6.7560  per  share,  which
represents a premium of approximately 60% over the last then-reported sale price of the Company’s common stock of $4.11 per
share on the date of the transaction and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the 3.75% notes Capped Call. the
3.75% notes Capped Call becomes exercisable if the conversion option is exercised.

the  option  counterparties  and/or  their  respective  affiliates  may  modify  their  hedge  positions  by  entering  into  or
unwinding various derivatives  with respect  to our common stock and/or purchasing or selling  our common stock in secondary
market transactions prior to the maturity of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes (and are likely to do so during any observation
period  related  to  a  conversion  of  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  or  following  any  repurchase  of  3.75%  Convertible  Senior
notes by us on any fundamental change repurchase date or otherwise). this activity could also cause or avoid an increase or a
decrease  in the market  price  of our common stock. in addition, if any such convertible  note hedge transaction  fails to become
effective, the option counterparties may unwind their hedge positions with respect to our common stock, which could adversely
affect the value of our common stock. the potential effect, if any, of these transactions and activities on the market price of our
common  stock  will  depend  in  part  on  market  conditions  and  cannot  be  ascertained  at  this  time.  any  of  these  activities  could
adversely affect the value of our common stock.

We are subject to counterparty risk with respect to the convertible note hedge transactions.

the option counterparties are financial institutions or affiliates of financial institutions and are subject to the risk that
one or more of such option counterparties may default under the convertible note hedge transactions. our exposure to the credit
risk of the option counterparties is not secured by any collateral. if any option counterparty becomes subject to

20

table of Contents

bankruptcy or other insolvency proceedings, we will become an unsecured creditor in those proceedings with a claim equal to our
exposure  at  that  time  under  our  transactions  with  that  option  counterparty.  our  exposure  will  depend  on  many  factors  but,
generally, an increase in our exposure will be correlated to an increase in our common stock market price and in the volatility of
the  market  price  of  our  common  stock.  in  addition,  upon  a  default  by  an  option  counterparty,  we  may  suffer  adverse  tax
consequences  and  dilution  with  respect  to  our  common  stock.  we  can  provide  no  assurance  as  to  the  financial  stability  or
viability of any option counterparty.

C. OPERATIONAL RISKS

We may not be able to expand our business or manage our future growth effectively.

we may not be able to expand our business or manage future growth. we plan to continue to improve our manufacturing

processes and build additional manufacturing production over the next five years, which will require successful execution of:

●
●
●

expanding our existing customers and expanding to new markets;
ensuring manufacture, delivery and installation of our products;
implementing  and improving additional  and existing administrative,  financial  and operations  systems, procedures  and
controls;
hiring additional employees;
expanding and upgrading our technological capabilities;

●
●
● managing relationships with our customers and suppliers and strategic partnerships with other third parties;
● maintaining adequate liquidity and financial resources; and
continuing to increase our revenues from operations.
●

ensuring delivery of our products is subject to many market risks, including scarcity, significant price fluctuations and
competition.  Maintaining  adequate  liquidity  is  dependent  upon  a  variety  of  factors,  including  continued  revenues  from
operations,  working  capital  improvements,  and  compliance  with  our  debt  instruments.      we  may  not  be  able  to  achieve  our
growth strategy and increase production capacity as planned during the foreseeable future. if we are unable to manage our growth
effectively, we may not be able to take advantage of market opportunities, develop new products, satisfy customer requirements,
execute  our  business  plan,  or  respond  to  competitive  pressures.  For  further  information  on  risks  associated  with  new  business
ventures, see item i.3.e, “Risk Factors” (“Strategic Risks – we may be unable to successfully pursue new business ventures.”).

Delays in or not completing our product development goals may adversely affect our revenue and profitability.

if we experience delays in meeting our development goals, our products exhibit technical defects, or if we are unable to
meet  cost  or  performance  goals,  including  power  output,  useful  life  and  reliability,  the  profitable  commercialization  of  our
products will be delayed. in this event, potential purchasers of our products may choose alternative technologies and any delays
could  allow  potential  competitors  to  gain  market  advantages.  we  cannot  assure  that  we  will  successfully  meet  our
commercialization schedule in the future.

Periodically,  we  may  enter  into  contracts  with  our  customers  for  certain  products  that  have  not  been  developed  or
produced.  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  we  will  complete  the  development  of  these  products  and  meet  the  specifications
required to fulfill customer agreements and deliver products on schedule. Pursuant to such agreements, the customers would have
the right to provide notice to us if, in their good faith judgment, we have materially  deviated  from such agreements. Should a
customer provide such notice, and we cannot mutually agree to a modification to the agreement, then the customer may have the
right to terminate the agreement, which could adversely affect our future business.

other  than  our  current  products,  which  we  believe  to  be  commercially  viable  at  this  time,  we  do  not  know  when  or
whether we will successfully complete research and development of other commercially viable products that could be critical to
our  future.  if  we  are  unable  to  develop  additional  commercially  viable  products,  we  may  not  be  able  to  generate  sufficient
revenue to become profitable. the profitable commercialization of our products depends on our ability to reduce the costs of our
components and subsystems, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to sufficiently  reduce these costs. in addition, the
profitable  commercialization  of  our  products  requires  achievement  and  verification  of  their  overall  reliability,  efficiency  and
safety targets, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to develop, acquire or license the technology necessary to achieve
these targets. we must complete additional research and development to fill our product

21

table of Contents

portfolios and deliver enhanced functionality and reliability in order to manufacture additional commercially viable products in
commercial quantities. in addition, while we continue to conduct tests to predict the overall life of our products, we may not have
run our products over their projected useful life prior to large-scale commercialization. as a result, we cannot be sure that our
products will last as long as predicted, resulting in possible warranty claims and commercial failures.

Certain component quality issues have resulted in adjustments to our warranty reserves and the accrual for loss contracts.

in  the  past,  quality  issues  have  arisen  with  respect  to  certain  components  in  certain  products  that  are  currently  being
used at customer sites. under the terms of our extended maintenance contracts, we have had to retrofit units subject to component
quality issues with replacement components to improve the reliability of our products for our customers. we recorded a provision
for  loss  contracts  related  to  service  in  the  current  and  prior  years.  though  we  continue  to  work  with  our  vendors  on  these
component  issues  to  improve  quality  and  reliability,  unanticipated  additional  quality  issues  or  warranty  claims  may  arise,  and
additional  material  charges  may  be  incurred  in  the  future.  Quality  issues  also  could  cause  profitable  maintenance  contracts  to
become unprofitable.  

in  addition,  from  time  to  time  we  experience  other  unexpected  design,  manufacturing  or  product  performance  issues.
we make significant investment in the continued improvement of our products and maintain appropriate warranty reserves for
known  and  unexpected  issues;  however,  unknown  malfunctions  or  defects  could  result  in  unexpected  material  liabilities  and
could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operation, cash flows and prospects. For example, in 2019, we
commenced  a  field  replacement  program  for  certain  composite  fuel  tanks  that  did  not  meet  the  supply  contract  standard,  as
determined by us and the manufacturer. the manufacturer of the tanks is funding the entire incremental cost of the replacement
program  and  we  are  working  with  our  customers  to  ensure  an  efficient,  minimally  disruptive  process  for  the  exchange.  in
addition, an actual or perceived problem could adversely affect the market’s perception of our products resulting in a decline in
demand  for  our  products  and  could  divert  the  attention  of  our  management,  which  may  materially  and  adversely  affect  our
business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and prospects.

Our products use flammable fuels that are inherently dangerous substances.

our fuel cell systems use hydrogen gas in catalytic reactions. while our products do not use this fuel in a combustion
process, hydrogen gas is a flammable fuel that could leak and combust if ignited by another source. Further, any such accidents
involving  our  products  or  other  products  using  similar  flammable  fuels  could  materially  suppress  demand  for,  or  heighten
regulatory scrutiny of, our products.

the  risk  of  product  liability  claims  and  associated  adverse  publicity  is  inherent  in  the  development,  manufacturing,
marketing  and  sale  of  fuel  cell  products,  including  products  fueled  by  hydrogen,  a  flammable  gas.  any  liability  for  damages
resulting from malfunctions or design defects could be substantial and could materially adversely affect our business, financial
condition,  results  of  operations  and  prospects.  in  addition,  an  actual  or  perceived  problem  with  our  products  could  adversely
affect  the  market’s  perception  of  our  products  resulting  in  a  decline  in  demand  for  our  products,  which  may  materially  and
adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Our purchase orders may not ship, be commissioned or installed, or convert to revenue.

Some  of  the  orders  we  accept  from  customers  require  certain  conditions  or  contingencies  to  be  satisfied,  or  may  be
cancelled,  prior  to  shipment  or  prior  to  commissioning  or  installation,  some  of  which  are  outside  of  our  control.  historically,
shipments made against these orders have generally occurred between 90 days and 24 months from the date of acceptance of the
order. orders for the Company’s products and services approximated $367.4 million for the year ended december 31, 2020. the
time periods from receipt of an order to shipment date and installation vary widely and are determined by a number of factors,
including  the  terms  of  the  customer  contract  and  the  customer’s  deployment  plan.  there  may  also  be  product  redesign  or
modification requirements that must be satisfied prior to shipment of units under certain of our agreements. if the redesigns or
modifications  are  not  completed,  some  or  all  of  our  orders  may  not  ship  or  convert  to  revenue.  in  certain  cases,  we  publicly
disclose  anticipated,  pending  orders  with  prospective  customers;  however,  those  prospective  customers  may  require  certain
conditions  or  contingencies  to  be  satisfied  prior  to  entering  into  a  purchase  order  with  us,  some  of  which  are  outside  of  our
control. Such conditions or contingencies that may be required to be satisfied before we receive a purchase order may include,
but are not limited to, successful product demonstrations or field

22

table of Contents

trials.  Converting  orders  into  revenue  is  also  dependent  upon  our  customers’  ability  to  obtain  financing.  Some  conditions  or
contingencies  that  are  out  of  our  control  may  include,  but  are  not  limited  to,  government  tax  policy,  government  funding
programs, and government incentive programs. additionally, some conditions and contingencies may extend for several years.
we  may  have  to  compensate  customers,  by  either  reimbursement,  forfeiting  portions  of  associated  revenue,  or  other  methods
depending  on  the  terms  of  the  customer  contract,  based  on  the  failure  on  any  of  these  conditions  or  contingencies.  while  not
probable, this could have an adverse impact on our revenue and cash flow.

We are dependent on information technology in our operations and the failure of such technology may adversely affect our
business.

we  may  experience  problems  with  the  operation  of  our  current  information  technology  systems  or  the  technology
systems of third parties on which we rely, as well as the development and deployment of new information technology systems,
that could adversely affect, or even temporarily disrupt, all or a portion of our operations until resolved. inabilities and delays in
implementing new systems can also affect our ability to realize projected or expected cost savings. despite the implementation of
network security measures, our information technology could be penetrated by outside parties (such as computer hackers or cyber
terrorists)  intent  on  extracting  information,  corrupting  information  or  disrupting  business  processes.  Such  unauthorized  access
could disrupt our business and could result in a loss of assets or reputational damage. additionally, any systems failures could
impede our ability to timely collect and report financial results in accordance with applicable laws.

Our future plans could be harmed if we are unable to attract or retain key personnel.

we  have  attracted  a  highly  skilled  management  team  and  specialized  workforce,  including  scientists,  engineers,
researchers, manufacturing, marketing and sales professionals. our future success will depend, in part, on our ability to attract
and retain qualified management and technical personnel. we do not know whether we will be successful in hiring or retaining
qualified  personnel.  our  inability  to  hire  qualified  personnel  on  a  timely  basis,  or  the  departure  of  key  employees,  could
materially and adversely affect our development and profitable commercialization plans and, therefore, our business prospects,
results of operations and financial condition.

We may not be able to protect important intellectual property and we could incur substantial costs defending against claims
that our products infringe on the proprietary rights of others.

PeM fuel cell technology was first developed in the 1950s, and fuel processing technology has been practiced on a large
scale in the petrochemical  industry for decades. accordingly, we do not believe that we can establish a significant proprietary
position in the fundamental component technologies in these areas. however, our ability to compete effectively will depend, in
part, on our ability to protect our proprietary system-level technologies, systems designs and manufacturing processes. we rely
on patents, trademarks, and other policies and procedures related to confidentiality to protect our intellectual property. however,
some of our intellectual property is not covered by any patent or patent application. Moreover, we do not know whether any of
our pending patent applications will issue or, in the case of patents issued or to be issued, that the claims allowed are or will be
sufficiently  broad  to  protect  our  technology  or  processes.  even  if  all  of  our  patent  applications  are  issued  and  are  sufficiently
broad,  our  patents  may  be  challenged  or  invalidated.  we  could  incur  substantial  costs  in  prosecuting  or  defending  patent
infringement suits or otherwise protecting our intellectual  property rights. while we have attempted to safeguard and maintain
our  proprietary  rights,  we  do  not  know  whether  we  have  been  or  will  be  completely  successful  in  doing  so.  Moreover,  patent
applications filed in foreign countries may be subject to laws, rules and procedures that are substantially different from those of
the united States, and any resulting foreign patents may be difficult and expensive to obtain and enforce. in addition, we do not
know  whether  the  uSPto  will  grant  federal  registrations  based  on  our  pending  trademark  applications.  even  if  federal
registrations  are  granted  to  us,  our  trademark  rights  may  be  challenged.  it  is  also  possible  that  our  competitors  or  others  will
adopt trademarks similar to ours, thus impeding our ability to build brand identity and possibly leading to customer confusion.
we could incur substantial costs in prosecuting or defending trademark infringement suits.

Further, our competitors may independently develop or patent technologies or processes that are substantially equivalent
or superior to ours. if we are found to be infringing third party patents, we could be required to pay substantial royalties and/or
damages, and we do not know whether we will be able to obtain licenses to use such patents on acceptable terms, if at all. Failure
to obtain needed licenses could delay or prevent the development, manufacture or sale of our products, and could necessitate the
expenditure of significant resources to develop or acquire non-infringing intellectual property.

23

table of Contents

we may need to pursue lawsuits or legal action in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our
trade secrets and domain names, and to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others. if third parties prepare
and file applications for trademarks used or registered by us, we may oppose those applications and be required to participate in
proceedings to determine the priority of rights to the trademark. Similarly, competitors may have filed applications for patents,
may have received patents and may obtain additional patents and proprietary rights relating to products or technology that block
or compete with ours. we may have to participate in interference proceedings to determine the priority of invention and the right
to a patent for the technology. litigation and interference proceedings, even if they are successful, are expensive to pursue and
time consuming, and we could use a substantial amount of our management and financial resources in either case.

Confidentiality  agreements  to which we are  party  may be breached,  and we may not have  adequate  remedies  for  any
breach.  our  trade  secrets  may  also  be  known  without  breach  of  such  agreements  or  may  be  independently  developed  by
competitors. our inability to maintain the proprietary nature of our technology and processes could allow our competitors to limit
or eliminate any competitive advantages we may have.

We are subject to legal proceedings and legal compliance risks that could harm our business.

we are currently, and in the future may continue to be, subject to commercial disputes and litigation. in connection with
any disputes or litigation in which we are involved, we may incur costs and expenses in connection with defending ourselves or
in  connection  with  the  payment  of  any  settlement  or  judgment  or  compliance  with  any  ruling  in  connection  therewith.  the
expense  of  defending  litigation  may  be  significant.  the  amount  of  time  to  resolve  lawsuits  is  unpredictable  and  defending
ourselves may divert management’s attention from the day-to-day operations of our business, which could adversely affect our
business,  financial  condition,  results  of  operations  and  cash  flows.  in  addition,  an  unfavorable  outcome  in  any  such  litigation
could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. See Part i, item 3,
“legal Proceedings.”

Our financial results may be adversely affected by changes in accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

GaaP is subject to interpretation by the FaSB, the american institute of Certified Public accountants, the SeC and
various  bodies  formed  to  promulgate  and  interpret  appropriate  accounting  principles.  See  note  4,  “Summary  of  Significant
accounting Policies,” to our consolidated financial statements included in this annual Report on Form 10-K regarding the effect
of new accounting  pronouncements  on our financial  statements.  any difficulties  in  implementing  these  pronouncements  could
cause  us  to  fail  to  meet  our  financial  reporting  obligations,  which  could  result  in  regulatory  discipline  and  harm  investors’
confidence  in  us.  Further,  the  implementation  of  new  accounting  pronouncements  or  a  change  in  other  principles  or
interpretations could have a significant effect on our financial results.

If our estimates or judgments relating to our critical accounting policies are based on assumptions that change or prove to be
incorrect, our operating results could fall below expectations of investors, resulting in a decline in our stock price.

in connection  with our determination  to restate  certain  of our previously  issued consolidated  financial  statements,  we
determined  that  certain  of  the  estimates  and  judgment  underlying  certain  of  the  Restatement  items  were  in  error.  See  note  2,
“Restatement  of  Previously  issued  Consolidated  Financial  Statements,”  and  note  3,  “unaudited  Quarterly  Financial  data  and
Restatement  of  Previously  issued  unaudited  interim  Condensed  Consolidated  Financial  Statements,”  to  the  consolidated
financial statements. the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GaaP requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. For example,
our  revenue  recognition  and  impairment  of  long-lived  assets  policies  are  complex,  and  we  often  must  make  estimates  and
assumptions that could prove to be incorrect. we base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions
that  we  believe  to  be  reasonable  under  the  circumstances.  Significant  assumptions  and  estimates  used  in  preparing  our
consolidated financial statements include those related to revenue recognition, loss accrual for service, impairment of long-lived
assets,  leases  and  provision  for  common  stock  warrants.  our  operating  results  may  be  adversely  affected  if  our  assumptions
change or if actual circumstances differ from those in our assumptions, which could cause our operating results to fall below the
expectations of investors, resulting in a decline in our stock price.

24

table of Contents

We recently identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting related to the accounting for the
Restatement  Items.  If  we  do  not  effectively  remediate  the  material  weakness  or  if  we  otherwise  fail  to  maintain  effective
internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud.

effective internal controls over financial reporting are necessary for us to provide reliable and accurate financial reports

and effectively prevent fraud.

Management identified the following deficiency in internal control over financial reporting as of december 31, 2020:
the Company did not maintain a sufficient complement of trained, knowledgeable resources to execute their responsibilities with
respect to internal control over financial reporting for certain financial statement accounts and disclosures. as a consequence, the
Company  did  not  conduct  an  effective  risk  assessment  process  that  was  responsive  to  changes  in  the  Company's  operating
environment and did not design and implement effective process-level controls activities in the following areas: presentation of
operating expenses; accounting for lease-related transactions; identification and evaluation of impairment, loss-contract accrual,
certain expense accruals, and deemed dividends; and timely identification of adjustments to physical inventory in interim periods.
See item 9a, “Controls and Procedures,” in this annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding the identified
material weakness and our actions to date to remediate the material weakness.  

We  reached  a  determination  to  restate  certain  of  our  previously  issued  consolidated  financial  statements  as  a  result  of  the
identification of accounting errors in previously issued financial statements, which resulted in unanticipated costs and may
affect investor confidence and raise reputational issues.

as  discussed  in  the  explanatory  note  above,  in  this  annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  for  the  year  ended  december  31,
2020, we reached a determination to restate our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures for the periods disclosed
in  those  notes  after  identifying  accounting  errors  in  connection  with  the  Restatement  items.  the  restatement  also  included
corrections for previously identified immaterial items in the Company’s previously issued financial statements and other financial
data.  as  a  result,  we  have  incurred  unanticipated  costs  for  accounting  and  legal  fees  in  connection  with  or  related  to  the
restatement  and  have  become  subject  to  a  number  of  additional  risks,  uncertainties,  and  litigation  (see  Part  i,  item  3,  “legal
Proceedings”), which may affect investor confidence in the accuracy of our financial disclosures and may raise reputational risks
for our business, both of which could harm our business and financial results.

We are in the process of resolving SEC comments relating to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2019 and Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 9, 2020 regarding certain accounting and financial
disclosure matters, which could possibly result in changes to our existing accounting and financial disclosure.

we received comment letters from the staff of the SeC's division of Corporation Finance (the "Staff") relating to our
annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended december 31, 2019 (the “2019 10-K”) and the Form 8-K filed with the
SeC on november 9, 2020.  until these comments are resolved, or until any additional comments raised by the Staff during this
process are resolved, we cannot provide assurance that we will not be required to amend the 2019 Form 10-K, the Form 8-K or
make any material changes to the accounting or financial disclosures contained in the 2019 Form 10-K, the Form 8-K or similar
disclosures made in our other filings, including this annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended december 31, 2020.

D. REGULATORY RISKS

The  reduction  or  elimination  of  government  subsidies  and  economic  incentives  for  alternative  energy  technologies,  or  the
failure to renew such subsidies and incentives, could reduce demand for our products, lead to a reduction in our revenues and
adversely impact our operating results and liquidity.

we  believe  that  the  near-term  growth  of  alternative  energy  technologies  is  affected  by  the  availability  and  size  of
government  and  economic  incentives.  Many  of  these  government  incentives  expire,  phase  out  over  time,  may  exhaust  the
allocated  funding,  or  require  renewal  by  the  applicable  authority.  in  addition,  these  incentive  programs  could  be  reduced  or
discontinued for other reasons. the investment tax credit under the u.S. tax code was renewed in February 2018. the renewal
allows for a 30% investment tax credit which declines to 26% for 2021 and 2022, 22% in 2023, and zero for 2024 and later. the
reduction, elimination, or expiration of the investment tax credit or other government subsidies and

25

table of Contents

economic incentives, or the failure to renew such tax credit, governmental subsidies, or economic incentives, may result in the
diminished economic competitiveness of our products to our customers and could materially and adversely affect the growth of
alternative energy technologies, including our products, as well as our future operating results and liquidity.

We are subject to various federal, state and local environmental and human health and safety laws and regulations that could
impose significant costs and liabilities on us.

our operations are subject to federal, state, and local environmental and human health and safety laws and regulations,
including laws and regulations relating to the use, handling, storage, transportation, disposal and human exposure to hazardous
substances  and  wastes,  product  safety,  emissions  of  pollution  into  the  environment  and  human  health  and  safety.  we  have
incurred and expect to continue to incur, costs to comply with these laws and regulations.  Violation of these laws or regulations
or the occurrence  of an explosion or other  accident  in connection  with our fuel  cell  systems  at our properties  or at third  party
locations  could  lead  to  substantial  liabilities  and  sanctions,  including  fines  and  penalties,  cleanup  costs  or  the  requirement  to
undertake corrective action. Further, environmental laws and regulations, and the administration, interpretation and enforcement
thereof, are subject to change and may become more stringent in the future, each of which could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition and results of operations.

additionally, certain environmental laws impose liability, which can be joint, several and strict, on current and previous
owners  and  operators  of  real  property  for  the  cost  of  removal  or  remediation  of  hazardous    substances  and  damage  to  natural
resources. these laws often impose liability even if the owner or operator did not know of, or was not responsible for, the release
of  such  hazardous  substances.  they  can  also  assess  liability  on  persons  who  arrange  for  hazardous  substances  to  be  sent  to
disposal or treatment facilities when such facilities are found to be contaminated, and such persons can be responsible for cleanup
costs  even  if  they  never  owned  or  operated  the  contaminated  facility.  our  liabilities  arising  from  past  or  future  releases  of,  or
exposure to, hazardous substances may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Trade policies, treaties and tariffs could have a material adverse effect on our business.

our business is dependent on the availability of raw materials and components for our products, particularly electrical
components  common  in  the  semiconductor  industry.  there  is  currently  significant  uncertainty  about  the  future  relationship
between the united States and various other countries, most significantly China, with respect to trade policies, treaties, tariffs and
taxes. the new u.S. presidential administration and u.S. Congress is in the process of revisiting and, in some cases, reversing
changes made by the prior u.S. presidential administration. these developments, or the perception that any of them could occur,
could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  global  economic  conditions  and  the  stability  of  global  financial  markets,  and  could
significantly reduce global trade and, in particular, trade between the impacted nations and the united States.

this uncertainty includes the possibility of imposing tariffs or penalties on products manufactured outside the united
States, including  the u.S. government’s  institution  of a 25% tariff  on a range of products from  China and subsequent tariffs
imposed by the united States as well as tariffs imposed by trading partners on u.S. goods. the institution of trade tariffs both
globally  and  between  the  united  States  and  China  specifically  carries  the  risk  of  negatively  affecting  the  overall  economic
conditions of both China and the united States, which could have a negative impact on us.

we  cannot  predict  whether,  and  to  what  extent,  there  may  be  changes  to  international  trade  agreements  or  whether
quotas, duties, tariffs, exchange controls or other restrictions on our products will be changed or imposed. although we currently
maintain  alternative  sources  for  raw  materials,,  if  we  are  unable  to  source  our  products  from  the  countries  where  we  wish  to
purchase them, either because of regulatory changes or for any other reason, or if the cost of doing so increases, it could have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. disruptions in the supply of raw materials
and components could temporarily impair our ability to manufacture our products for our customers or require us to pay higher
prices  to  obtain  these  raw  materials  or  components  from  other  sources,  which  could  affect  our  business  and  our  results  of
operations. Furthermore, the imposition of tariffs on items imported by us from China or other countries could increase our costs
and could have a material adverse effect on our business and our results of operations.

26

table of Contents

Our business may become subject to increased government regulation.

our products are subject to certain federal, local, and non-u.S. laws and regulations, including, for example, state and
local  ordinances  relating  to  building  codes,  public  safety,  electrical  and  gas  pipeline  connections,  hydrogen  transportation  and
siting and related matters. See item 1, “Business—Government Regulations” for additional information. in certain jurisdictions,
these regulatory requirements may be more stringent than those in the united States. Further, as products are introduced into the
market commercially, governments may impose new regulations. we do not know the extent to which any such regulations may
impact  our  ability  to  manufacture,  distribute,  install  and  service  our  products.  any  regulation  of  our  products,  whether  at  the
federal, state, local or foreign level, including any regulations relating to the production, operation, installation, and servicing of
our products may increase our costs and the price of our products, and noncompliance with applicable laws and regulations could
subject  us  to  investigations,  sanctions,  enforcement  actions,  fines,  damages,  civil  and  criminal  penalties  or  injunctions.  if  any
governmental  sanctions  are  imposed,  our  business,  operating  results,  and  financial  condition  could  be  materially  adversely
affected.  in  addition,  responding  to  any  action  will  likely  result  in  a  significant  diversion  of  management’s  attention  and
resources and an increase in professional fees. enforcement actions and sanctions could harm our business, operating results and
financial condition.

Changes in tax laws or regulations or adverse outcomes resulting from examination of our income or other tax returns could
adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.

we  are  subject  to  income  taxes  in  the  united  States  and  various  foreign  jurisdictions.  a  number  of  factors  may
adversely affect our future effective tax rates, such as the jurisdictions in which our profits are determined to be earned and taxed;
changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities; adjustments to estimated taxes upon finalization of various tax
returns;  changes  in  available  tax  credits,  grants  and  other  incentives;  changes  in  stock-based  compensation  expense;  the
availability  of  loss  or  credit  carryforwards  to  offset  taxable  income;  changes  in  tax  laws,  regulations,  accounting  principles  or
interpretations thereof; or examinations by uS federal, state or foreign jurisdictions that disagree with interpretations of tax rules
and  regulations  in  regard  to  positions  taken  on  tax  filings.  a  change  in  our  effective  tax  rate  due  to  any  of  these  factors  may
adversely affect the carrying value of our tax assets and our future results from operations.

in addition, as our business grows, we are required to comply with increasingly complex taxation rules and practices.
we  are  subject  to  tax  in  multiple  u.S.  tax  jurisdictions  and  in  foreign  tax  jurisdictions  as  we  expand  internationally.  the
development of our tax strategies requires additional expertise and may impact how we conduct our business. if our tax strategies
are ineffective or we are not in compliance with domestic and international tax laws, our financial position, operating results and
cash flows could be adversely affected.

The changes in the carryforward/carryback periods as well as the new limitation on use of net operating losses (“NOLs”) may
significantly impact our valuation allowance assessments for NOLs.

as  of  december  31,  2020,  we  had  federal  nol  carryforwards  of  $464.3  million,  which  begin  to  expire  in  various
amounts and at various dates in 2032 through 2037 (other than federal nol carryforwards generated after december 31, 2017,
which  are  not  subject  to  expiration).  as  of  december  31,  2020,  we  also  had  federal  research  and  development  tax  credit
carryforwards of $4.4 million as restated, which begin to expire in 2033. under Sections 382 and 383 of the internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), changes in our ownership may limit the amount of our nol carryforwards and research
and  development  tax  credit  carryforwards  that  could  be  utilized  annually  to  offset  our  future  taxable  income,  if  any.  this
limitation would generally apply in the event of a cumulative change in ownership of the Company of more than 50 percentage
points within a three-year period. Based on studies of the changes in ownership of the Company, it has been determined that a
Section 382 ownership change occurred in 2013 that limited the amount of pre-change nols that can be used in future years.
nols incurred after the most recent ownership change are not subject to Section 382 of the Code and are available for use in
future years. if we undergo an ownership change, our ability to utilize our nol carryforwards or research and development tax
credit  carryforwards  could  be  further  limited  by  Sections  382  and  383  of  the  Code.  in  addition,  future  changes  in  our  stock
ownership,  many  of  which  are  outside  of  our  control,  could  result  in  an  ownership  change  under  Sections  382  and  383  of  the
Code. any such limitation may significantly reduce our ability to utilize our nol carryforwards and research and development
tax credit carryforwards before they expire. our nol carryforwards and research and development tax credit carryforwards may
also  be  impaired  under  state  law.  accordingly,  we  may  not  be  able  to  utilize  a  material  portion  of  our  nol  carryforwards  or
research and development tax credit carryforwards.

27

table of Contents

the Coronavirus aid, Relief and economic Security act modifies, among other things, rules governing nols. nols
arising in tax years beginning after december 31, 2017 are subject to an 80% of taxable income limitation (as calculated before
taking  the nols into  account)  for  tax  years  beginning  after  december  31, 2020. in addition,  nols arising  in  tax years  2018,
2019, and 2020 are subject to a five year carryback and indefinite carryforward, while nols arising in tax years beginning after
december  31,  2020  also  are  subject  to  indefinite  carryforward  but  cannot  be  carried  back.  in  future  years,  if  and  when  the
valuation allowance related to our nols is partially or fully released, the changes in the carryforward/carryback periods as well
as the new limitation on use of nols may significantly impact our valuation allowance assessments for nols generated after
december 31, 2017.

E. STRATEGIC RISKS

We  may  be  unable  to  establish  or  maintain  relationships  with  third  parties  for  certain  aspects  of  continued  product
development, manufacturing, distribution and servicing and the supply of key components for our products.

we will need to maintain and may need to enter into additional strategic relationships in order to complete our current
product development and  commercialization plans. we  may  also require  partners to assist in  the sale,  servicing and supply of
components for our current products and anticipated products, which are in development. if we are unable to identify, enter into,
and  maintain  satisfactory  agreements  with  potential  partners,  including  those  relating  to  the  supply,  distribution,  service  and
support  of  our  current  products  and  anticipated  products,  we  may  not  be  able  to  complete  our  product  development  and
commercialization  plans on  schedule or at  all.  we may  also  need to  scale  back these  plans in the  absence  of needed  partners,
which  could  adversely  affect  our  future  prospects  for  development  and  commercialization  of  future  products.  while  we  have
entered  into relationships  with suppliers  of  some  key  components  for  our  products,  we do not  know when or  whether  we will
secure supply relationships for all required components and subsystems for our products, or whether such relationships will be on
terms that will allow us to achieve our objectives. our business prospects, results of operations and financial condition could be
harmed if we fail to secure relationships with entities that can develop or supply the required components for our products and
provide the required distribution and servicing support. additionally, the agreements  governing our current relationships allow
for termination by our partners under certain circumstances, some of which are beyond our control. if any of our current strategic
partners were to terminate any of its agreements with us, there could be a material adverse impact on the continued development
and profitable commercialization of our products and the operation of our business, financial condition, results of operations and
prospects.

We may be unable to make attractive acquisitions or successfully integrate acquired businesses, assets or properties, and any
ability  to  do  so  may  disrupt  our  business  and  hinder  our  ability  to  grow,  divert  the  attention  of  key  personnel,  disrupt  our
business and impair our financial results.

as part of our business strategy, we intend to consider acquisitions of companies, technologies and products. we may
not be able to identify such attractive acquisition opportunities. acquisitions, involve numerous risks, any of which could harm
our business, including, among other things:

●

difficulty in integrating the technologies, products, operations and existing contracts of a target company and realizing
the anticipated benefits of the combined businesses;

● mistaken assumptions about volumes or the timing of those volumes, revenues or costs, including synergies;
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●
●

negative perception of the acquisition by customers, financial markets or investors;
difficulty in supporting and transitioning customers, if any, of the target company;
inability to achieve anticipated synergies or increase the revenue and profit of the acquired business;
the assumption of unknown liabilities;
exposure to potential lawsuits;
limitations on rights to indemnity from the seller;
the diversion of management’s and employees’ attention from other business concerns;
unforeseen difficulties operating in new geographic areas;
customer or key employee losses at the acquired businesses;
the price we pay or other resources that we devote may exceed the value we realize; or
the value we could have realized if we had allocated the purchase price or other resources to another opportunity and
inability to generate sufficient revenue to offset acquisition costs.

28

table of Contents

in addition, if we finance acquisitions by issuing equity securities, our existing stockholders may be diluted. as a result,
if our forecasted assumptions for these acquisitions and investments are not accurate, we may not achieve the anticipated benefits
of any such acquisitions, and we may incur costs in excess of what we had anticipated.

We may be unable to successfully pursue new business ventures.

we have recently begun pursuing the development of hydrogen production plants across the united States and building
relationships  with  green  hydrogen  suppliers.  in  June  2020,  we  acquired  uhG,  one  of  the  largest  privately  held  hydrogen
producers  in  north  america.  there  can  be  no  assurances  that  we  will  be  able  to  successfully  implement  our  new  business
ventures or successfully operate within this industry. For further information on risks associated with acquisitions, see item i.3.F
“Risk Factors (“Strategic Risks – we may be unable to make attractive acquisitions or successfully integrate acquired businesses,
assets or properties, and any ability to do so may disrupt our business and hinder our ability to grow, divert the attention of key
personnel, disrupt our business and impair our financial results”).

F.  RISKS RELATED TO THE OWNERSHIP OF OUR COMMON STOCK

Our  stock  price  and  stock  trading  volume  have  been  and  could  remain  volatile,  and  the  value  of  your  investment  could
decline.

the  market  price  of  our  common  stock  has  historically  experienced  and  may  continue  to  experience  significant
volatility. in 2020, the sales price of our common stock fluctuated from a high of $37.51 per share to a low of $2.53 per share,
and  closed  as  high  as  $73.18  in  January  2021.  our  progress  in  developing  and  commercializing  our  products,  our  quarterly
operating  results,  announcements  of  new  products  by  us  or  our  competitors,  our  perceived  prospects,  changes  in  securities
analysts’ recommendations or earnings estimates, changes in general conditions in the economy or the financial markets, adverse
events  related  to  our  strategic  relationships,  significant  sales  of  our  common  stock  by  existing  stockholders,  including  one  or
more  of  our  strategic  partners,  events  relating  to  our  determination  to  restate  certain  of  our  previously  issued  consolidated
financial statements, and other developments affecting us or our competitors could cause the market price of our common stock
to fluctuate substantially. in addition, in recent years, the stock market has experienced significant price and volume fluctuations.
this  volatility  has  affected  the  market  prices  of  securities  issued  by  many  companies  for  reasons  unrelated  to  their  operating
performance  and  may  adversely  affect  the  price  of  our  common  stock.  Such  market  price  volatility  could  adversely  affect  our
ability to raise additional capital. Furthermore, technical factors in the public trading market for our common stock may produce
price  movements  that  may  or  may  not  comport  with  macro,  industry  or  company-specific  fundamentals,  including,  without
limitation, the sentiment of retail investors (including as may be expressed on financial trading and other social media sites), the
amount  and  status  of  short  interest  in  our  securities,  access  to  margin  debt,  trading  in  options  and  other  derivatives  on  our
common stock and any related hedging or other technical trading factors.  in addition, we are subject to securities class action
litigation filed after a drop in the price in our common stock in March 2021, which could result in substantial costs and diversion
of management’s attention and resources and could harm our stock price, business, prospects, results of operations and financial
condition.

Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public markets, or the perception that such sales might occur, could
reduce the price that our common stock might otherwise attain and may dilute your voting power and your ownership interest
in us.

Sales  of  a  substantial  number  of  shares  of  our  common  stock  in  the  public  market,  or  the  perception  that  such  sales
could occur, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and may make it more difficult for you to sell your
common stock at a time and price that you deem appropriate. as of december 31, 2020, there were approximately 42,186,802
shares  of  common  stock  issuable  upon  conversion  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  at  a  conversion  price  of  $5.03  per
share. in addition, as of december  31, 2020, we had outstanding  options exercisable  for an aggregate  of 10,284,498 shares of
common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $5.78 per share and 104,753,740 shares of common stock issuable upon
the exercise of warrants, 68,380,913 of which were vested as of december 31, 2020.

Moreover, subject to market conditions and other factors, we may conduct future offerings of equity or debt securities.
 Sales  of  substantial  amounts  of  our  common  stock  in  the  public  market,  or  the  perception  that  these  sales  could  occur,  could
reduce  the  market  price  of  our  common  stock  to  decline.    in  addition,  the  conversion  of  the  notes  or  preferred  stock  or  the
exercise of outstanding options and warrants and future equity issuances will result in dilution to investors. the market price of
our common stock could fall as a result of resales of any of these shares of common stock due to an increased number of shares
available for sale in the market.

29

table of Contents

If  securities  analysts  do  not  publish  research  or  reports  or  if  they  publish  unfavorable  or  inaccurate  research  about  our
business and our stock, the price of our stock and the trading volume could decline.

we expect that the trading market for our common stock will be affected by research or reports that industry or financial
analysts publish about us or our business. there are many large, well-established companies active in our industry and portions of
the markets in which we compete, which may mean that we receive less widespread analyst coverage than our competitors. if one
or more of the analysts who covers us downgrades their evaluations of our company or our stock, the price of our stock could
decline. if one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company, our stock may lose visibility in the market, which in
turn could cause our stock price to decline.

Provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law may discourage or delay an acquisition  of the Company by a third
party that stockholders may consider favorable.

our  certificate  of  incorporation,  our  bylaws,  and  delaware  corporate  law  contain  provisions  that  could  have  an  anti-
takeover effect and make it harder for a third party to acquire us without the consent of our Board. these provisions may also
discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for our stockholders to take some corporate actions, including the election
of directors.  these provisions include: the ability of our Board to issue shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to
determine the terms of those shares, including preference and voting rights, without a stockholder vote; the exclusive right of our
Board to elect a director to fill a vacancy created by the expansion of our Board or the resignation, death or removal of a director,
which prevents stockholders from being able to fill vacancies on our Board; the inability of stockholders to call a special meeting
of  stockholders;  the  prohibition  on  stockholder  action  by  written  consent,  which  forces  stockholder  action  to  be  taken  at  an
annual  or  special  meeting  of  our  stockholders;  advance  notice  requirements  for  nominations  for  election  to  our  Board  or  for
proposing  matters  that  can  be  acted  on  by  stockholders  at  stockholder  meetings,  which  may  discourage  or  deter  a  potential
acquirer from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquirer’s own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain
control of us; the ability of our Board of directors, by majority vote, to amend the bylaws, which may allow our Board to take
additional  actions  to  prevent  an  unsolicited  takeover  and  inhibit  the  ability  of an  acquirer  to  amend  the bylaws  to facilitate  an
unsolicited  takeover  attempt;  and  staggered  terms  for  our  directors,  which  effectively  prevents  stockholders  from  electing  a
majority of the directors at any one annual meeting of stockholders.

in addition, as a delaware corporation, we are subject to Section 203 of the delaware General Corporation law. these
provisions  may  prohibit  large  stockholders,  in  particular  those  owning  15%  or  more  of  our  outstanding  voting  stock,  from
merging or combining with us for a certain period of time.

We do not anticipate paying any dividends on our common stock.

we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. if we do not pay cash
dividends, you would receive a return on your investment in our common stock only if the market price of our common stock is
greater at the time you sell your shares than the market price at the time you bought your shares.

Our  amended  and  restated  bylaws  provide  for  an  exclusive  forum  in  the  Court  of  Chancery  of  the  State  of  Delaware  for
certain disputes between us and our stockholders, and the exclusive forum in the Delaware federal courts for the resolution of
any complaint asserting a cause of action under the Securities Act.

our amended and restated bylaws provide that unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative
forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of delaware  will be the sole and exclusive forum for any state law claims for: (i) any
derivative action  or proceeding brought on behalf of the Company, (ii) any action asserting a claim of, or a claim based on, a
breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the Company to the Company or the Company’s
stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the delaware General Corporation law or the
Company’s  certificate  of  incorporation  or  bylaws,  or  (iv)  any  other  action  asserting  a  claim  governed  by  the  internal  affairs
doctrine.  the amended  and restated  bylaws further  provide that  unless the Company consents in writing to the selection  of an
alternative  forum,  the  federal  district  courts  of  the  united  States  of  america  will  be  the  sole  and  exclusive  forum  for  the
resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities act and any person or entity purchasing or
otherwise  acquiring  or  holding  any  interest  in  shares  of  capital  stock  of  the  Company  will  be  deemed  to  have  notice  of  and
consented to these provisions.

30

 
 
table of Contents

we believe these provisions may benefit us by providing increased consistency in the application of delaware law and
federal securities laws by chancellors and judges, as applicable, particularly experienced in resolving corporate disputes, efficient
administration of cases on a more expedited schedule relative to other forums and protection against the burdens of multi-forum
litigation.  if  a  court  were  to  find  the  choice  of  forum  provision  that  is  contained  in  our  amended  and  restated  bylaws  to  be
inapplicable  or  unenforceable  in  an  action,  we  may  incur  additional  costs  associated  with  resolving  such  action  in  other
jurisdictions, which could materially  adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition. For example,
Section 22 of the Securities act provides that state and federal courts have concurrent jurisdiction over claims to enforce any duty
or liability created by the Securities act or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. accordingly, there is uncertainty as
to  whether  a  court  would  enforce  such  a  forum  selection  provision  as  written  in  connection  with  claims  arising  under  the
Securities act.  

Because  the  choice  of  forum  provisions  in  our  amended  and  restated  bylaws  may  have  the  effect  of  severing  certain
causes of action between federal and state courts, stockholders seeking to assert claims against us or any of our current or former
director,  officer,  other  employee,  agent,  or  stockholder,  may  be  discouraged  from  bringing  such  claims  due  to  a  possibility  of
increased  litigation  expenses  arising  from  litigating  multiple  related  claims  in  two  separate  courts.  the  choice  of  forum
provisions may therefore limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with
us or any of our current or former director, officer, other employee, agent, or stockholder.

Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments

on december 16, 2020, the Company received a comment letter from the Staff of the SeC’s division of Corporation
Finance relating to its annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended december 31, 2019 and Form 8-K filed with the
SeC on november 9, 2020 regarding certain accounting and financial disclosure matters.  the process to resolve these comments
with the SeC is continuing.

there are no unresolved comments regarding our periodic or current reports from the staff of the SeC that were issued

180 days or more preceding the end of our fiscal year ended december 31, 2020.

Item 2.  Properties

our principal offices are located in latham, new York, where we lease a 159,000 square foot facility that includes our
headquarter office building, our manufacturing facility, and our primary research and development center. we lease a 150,000
square foot facility in Rochester, new York that includes additional office and research and development space, a 29,200 square
foot  facility  in  Spokane,  washington  that  includes  an  office  building  and  a  manufacturing  facility,  and  a  38,400  square  foot
warehousing  space  in  Clifton  Park,  new  York.  we  also  lease  service  centers  in  dayton,  ohio  and  Romeoville,  illinois.  See
note  22,  “Commitments  and  Contingencies,  as  restated,”  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  Part  ii,  item  8,  Financial
Statements and Supplementary data,” of this annual Report on Form 10-K for further discussion of the leases. we believe that
our facilities are sufficient to accommodate our anticipated production volumes for at least the next two years.

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings

on august 28, 2018, a lawsuit was filed on behalf of multiple individuals against the Company and five corporate co-
defendants in the 9th Judicial district Court, Rapides Parish, louisiana. the lawsuit relates to the previously disclosed May 2018
accident involving a forklift powered by the Company’s fuel cell at a Procter & Gamble facility in louisiana. the lawsuit alleges
claims  against  the  Company  and  co-defendants,  including  Structural  Composites  industries,  deep  South  equipment  Co.,  air
Products  and  Chemicals,  inc.,  and  hyster-Yale  Group,  inc.  for  claims  under  the  louisiana  Product  liability  act  (“lPla”)
including  defect  in  construction  and/or  composition,  design  defect,  inadequate  warning,  breach  of  express  warranty  and
negligence  for  wrongful  death  and  personal  injuries,  among  other  damages.  Procter  &  Gamble  has  intervened  in  that  suit  to
recover  worker’s  compensation  benefits  paid  to  or  for  the  employees/dependents.  Procter  &  Gamble  has  also  filed  suit  for
property damage, business interruption, loss of revenue, expenses, and other damages. Procter & Gamble alleges theories under
the lPla, breach of warranty and quasi-contractual claims under louisiana law. defendants include the Company and several of
the same co-defendants from the august 2018 lawsuit, including Structural Composites industries, deep South equipment Co.,
and hyster-Yale Group, inc.

on March 8, 2021, Company stockholder dawn Beverly, individually  and on behalf of all persons who purchased or

otherwise acquired Plug securities between november 9, 2020 and March 1, 2021 (the “Class”), filed a complaint in

31

table of Contents

the u.S. district Court for the Southern district of new York against the Company, Plug Chief executive officer andrew Marsh,
and Plug Chief Financial officer Paul Middleton (together, the “defendants”), captioned Dawn Beverly et al. v. Plug Power Inc.
et al., Case no. 1:21-cv-02004 (S.d.n.Y.) (the “Class action Complaint”).  the Class action Complaint includes two claims, for
(1)  violation  of  Section  10(b)  of  the  exchange  act  and  Rule  10b5  promulgated  thereunder  (against  all  defendants);  and  (2)
violation of Section 20(a) of the exchange act (against Mr. Marsh and Mr. Middleton).  the Class action Complaint alleges that
defendants failed to disclose that the Company (i) “would be unable to timely file its 2020 annual report due to delays related to
the  review  of  classification  of  certain  costs  and  the  recoverability  of  the  right  to  use  assets  with  certain  leases”;  and  (ii)  “was
reasonably likely to report material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting[.]”  the Class action Complaint
alleges that, a result, “positive statements about the Company’s business, operations, and prospects were materially misleading
and/or lacked a reasonable basis,” causing Class members losses and damages.  the Class action Complaint seeks compensatory
damages “in an amount to be proven at trial, including interest thereon”; “reasonable costs and expenses incurred in th[e] action”;
and “[s]uch other and further relief as the [c]ourt may deem just and proper.”

on March 18, 2021, Company stockholder Branislav Smolíček, individually and on behalf of all persons who purchased
or otherwise acquired Plug securities between november 9, 2020 and March 1, 2021, filed in u.S. district Court for the Central
district  of  California  a  complaint  captioned  Smolíček  v.  Plug  Power  Inc.  et  al.,  Case  no.  2:21-cv-02402  (C.d.  Cal.)  (the
“Smolíček  Complaint”).    the  Smolíček  Complaint  is  substantially  similar  to  the  Class  action  Complaint,  asserting  the  same
claims,  for  the  same  damages,  against  the  same  defendants  as  the  Class  action  Complaint.  the  Company  anticipates  that  the
Smolíček Complaint will be consolidated with the Class action Complaint under the Private Securities litigation Reform act of
1995.

on March 31, 2021, Company stockholder Junwei liu, derivatively and on behalf of nominal defendant Plug, filed a
complaint in the u.S. district Court for the Southern district of new York against certain Company directors and officers (the
“derivative defendants”), captioned Liu v. Marsh et al., Case no. 1:21-cv-02753 (S.d.n.Y.) (the “Liu derivative Complaint”).
the Liu derivative Complaint alleges that, between november 9, 2020 and March 1, 2021, the derivative defendants “made, or
caused  the  Company  to  make,  materially  false  and  misleading  statements  concerning  Plug  Power’s  business,  operations,  and
prospects” by “issu[ing] positive financial information and optimistic guidance, and made assurances that the Company’s internal
controls were effective,” when, “[i]n reality, the Company’s internal controls suffered from material deficiencies  that rendered
them ineffective.” the Liu derivative Complaint asserts claims for (1) breach of fiduciary duties, (2) unjust enrichment, (3) abuse
of  control,  (4)  gross  mismanagement,  (5)  waste  of  corporate  assets,  and  (6)  contribution  under  Sections  10(b)  and  21d  of  the
exchange act (as to the named officer defendants). the Liu derivative Complaint seeks a judgment “[d]eclaring that Plaintiff
may  maintain  this  action  on  behalf  of  Plug”;  “[d]eclaring  that  the  [derivative]  defendants  have  breached  and/or  aided  and
abetted the breach of their fiduciary duties”; “awarding to Plug Power the damages sustained by it as a result of the violations”
set  forth  in  the  Liu derivative  Complaint,  “together  with  pre-judgment  and  post-judgment  interest  thereon”;  “[d]irecting  Plug
Power and the [derivative] defendants to take all necessary actions to reform and improve Plug Power’s corporate governance
and internal  procedures  to  comply  with applicable  laws”;  and  “[a]warding  Plaintiff  the costs  and  disbursements  of  this action,
including reasonable attorneys’ and experts’  fees, costs, and expenses”; and “[s]uch other and further  relief as the [c]ourt may
deem just and proper.”

on april 5, 2021, Company stockholders elias levy and Camerohn X. withers, derivatively and on behalf of nominal
defendant  Plug,  filed  a  complaint  in  the  u.S.  district  Court  for  the  Southern  district  of  new  York  against  the  derivative
defendants named in the Liu derivative Complaint, captioned Levy et al. v. McNamee et al., Case no. 1:21-cv-02891 (S.d.n.Y.)
(the “Levy derivative  Complaint”).  the  Levy derivative  Complaint alleges  that, from november 9, 2020 to april 5, 2021, the
derivative defendants “breached their duties of loyalty and good faith” by failing to disclose “(1) that the Company would be
unable  to  timely  file  its  2020  annual  report  due  to  delays  related  to  the  review  of  classification  of  certain  costs  and  the
recoverability  of  the  right  to  use  assets  with  certain  leases;  (2)  that  the  Company  was  reasonably  likely  to  report  material
weaknesses  in  its  internal  control  over  financial  reporting;  and  (3)  that,  as  a  result  of  the  foregoing,  defendants’  positive
statements  about  the  Company’s  business,  operations,  and  prospects  were  materially  misleading  and/or  lacked  a  reasonable
basis.”  the Levy derivative Complaint asserts claims for (1) breach of fiduciary duty (as to the named director defendants), (2)
unjust enrichment (as to certain named director defendants), (3) waste of corporate assets (as to the named director defendants),
and  (4)  violations  of  Sections  10(b)  and  21d  of  the  exchange  act  (as  to  the  named  officer  defendants).  the  Levy derivative
Complaint  seeks  a  judgment  “declaring  that  Plaintiffs  may  maintain  this  action  on  behalf  of  the  Company”;  finding  the
derivative defendants “liable for breaching their fiduciary duties owed to the Company”; directing the derivative defendants “to
take all necessary actions to reform and improve the Company’s corporate governance, risk management, and internal operating
procedures to comply with applicable

32

table of Contents

laws”;  “awarding  damages  to the Company for  the harm  the Company suffered  as a result  of defendants’  wrongful conduct”;
“awarding damages to the Company for [the named officer derivative defendants’] violations of Sections 10(b) and 21d of the
exchange act”; “awarding Plaintiffs the costs and disbursements of this action, including attorneys’, accountants’, and experts’
fees”; and “awarding such other and further relief as is just and equitable.”

on  May  4,  2021,  Company  stockholder  laxman  tank,  individually  and  on  behalf  of  all  persons  who  purchased  or
otherwise acquired Plug securities between november 9, 2020 and March 16, 2021, filed in u.S. district Court for the Southern
district  of  new  York  a  complaint  captioned  Tank  v.  Plug  Power  Inc.  et  al.,  Case  no.  1:21-cv-03985  (S.d.n.Y.)  (the  “Tank
Complaint”).  the Tank Complaint is substantially similar to the Class action Complaint, asserting the same claims, for the same
damages, against the same defendants as the Class action Complaint. the Company anticipates that the Tank Complaint will be
consolidated with the Class action Complaint under the Private Securities litigation Reform act of 1995.

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures

not applicable.

33

table of Contents

PART II

Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Market Information and Holders of Record.  our common stock is traded on the naSdaQ Capital Market under the
symbol  “PluG.”  as  of  april  28,  2021,  there  were  approximately  974  record  holders  of  our  common  stock.  however,
management believes that a significant number of shares are held by brokers in “street name” and that the number of beneficial
stockholders of our common stock exceeds 670,867.

Dividend Policy.  we have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock and do not anticipate paying
cash  dividends  in  the  foreseeable  future.  any  future  determination  as  to  the  payment  of  dividends  will  depend  upon  capital
requirements and limitations imposed by our credit agreements, if any, and such other factors as our Board may consider.

Five-Year Performance Graph.  Below is a line graph comparing the percentage change in the cumulative total return of
the Company’s common stock, based on the market price of the Company’s common stock, with the total return of companies
included within the naSdaQ Clean edge Green energy index (“CelS index”) and the companies included within the Russell
2000 index (“Rut index”) for the period commencing december 31, 2015 and ending december 31, 2020. the calculation of
the cumulative total return assumes a $100 investment in the Company’s common stock, the CelS index and the Rut index on
december 31, 2015 and the reinvestment of all dividends, if any.

Index
Plug Power inc.
naSdaQ Clean edge Green energy index
Russell 2000 index

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

     $  100.00     $  56.87     $  111.85     $  58.77     $  149.76     $  1,607.11
 434.93
 173.86

$  152.61
$  146.15

$  109.45
$  118.72

$  100.00
$  100.00

$  96.38
$  119.48

$  126.05
$  135.18

$
$

●

this graph and the accompanying text are not “soliciting material,” are not deemed filed with the SeC and are not to be
incorporated by reference in any filing by us under the Securities act or the exchange act, whether made before or after
the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any such filing.
the stock price performance shown on the graph is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.

●
● assuming the investment of $100 on december 31, 2015 and the reinvestment of dividends. the common stock price
performance shown on the graph only reflects the change in our company’s common stock price relative to the noted
indices and is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.

34

table of Contents

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

the  following  tables  set  forth  selected  financial  data  and  other  operating  information  of  the  Company.  the  selected
statement of operations and balance sheet data for 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017 and 2016, as restated (in thousands, except share and
per  share  data).  the  information  is  only  a  summary  and  you  should  read  it  in  conjunction  with  the  Company’s  audited
consolidated financial statements and related notes and other financial information included herein, and item 7, “Management’s
discussion and analysis of Financial Condition and Results of operations.”

Statements Of Operations:
net revenue (1):
 Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
 Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
 Power Purchase agreements
 Fuel delivered to customers
 other

net revenue
Cost of revenue:
 Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
 Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
 Provision for loss contracts related to service
 Power Purchase agreements
 Fuel delivered to customers
 other

total cost of revenue

Gross (loss) profit
operating expenses:
 Research and development expense
 Selling, general and administrative expenses
 impairment of long-lived assets
 Change in fair value of contingent consideration

total operating expenses

operating loss
 interest and other expense, net
 Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt
 Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
loss before income taxes
 income tax benefit
net loss attributable to the Company
Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and accretion of discount
net loss attributable to common stockholders
loss per share:
 Basic and diluted
weighted average number of common stock outstanding
Balance Sheet Data:
(at end of the period)
unrestricted cash and cash equivalents
total assets (2)
noncurrent liabilities (2)
Stockholders’ equity (deficit)
working capital

2020

2019
as restated

Year ended December 31,
2018
as restated

2017
as restated (3)

2016
as restated (3)

  $

 (94,295)  $
 (9,801) 
 26,620  
 (16,072) 
 311  
 (93,237)

 149,920   $
 25,217  
 25,553  
 29,099  
 186  

 229,975

 107,175   $
 22,002  
 22,569  
 22,469  
 —  

 174,215

 171,404  
 42,524  
 35,473  
 64,640  
 61,815  
 323  
 376,179  
 (469,416)

 27,848
 79,348
 6,430
 1,160
 114,786
 (584,202)
 (60,484)
 17,686
 —
 (627,000)
 30,845
 (596,155)
 (26)
 (596,181)

 (1.68)
 354,790,106

 1,312,404
 2,251,282
 561,997
 1,466,919
 1,380,830

 97,915  
 34,582  
 (394) 
 41,777  
 45,247  
 200  
 219,327  
 10,648

 15,059
 43,202
 —
 —
 58,261
 (47,613)
 (35,691)
 (518)
 79
 (83,743)

$
 —  

 (83,743)
 (1,812)
 (85,555)

 (0.36)
 237,152,780

 139,496
 659,513
 394,497
 129,904
 179,698

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

 85,205  
 32,271  
 5,345  
 41,361  
 36,037  
 —  
 200,219  
 (26,004)

 12,750
 37,685
 —
 —
 50,435
 (76,439)
 (22,750)
 —
 4,286
 (94,903)
 9,295
 (85,608)
 (52)
 (85,660)

 (0.39)
 218,882,337

 38,602
 353,455
 173,509
 (3,588)
 2,801

$

$

$

$

 62,631   $
 16,202  
 12,869  
 8,167  
 284  

 100,153

 55,204  
 23,782  
 —  
 33,544  
 30,613  
 308  
 143,451  
 (43,298)

 13,484
 45,010
 —
 —
 58,494
 (101,792)
 (25,288)
 —
 —
 (127,080)

$
 —  

 (127,080)
 (3,098)
 (130,178)

 (0.60)
 216,343,985

 24,828
 270,810
 80,734
 70,229
 3,886

$

$

$

 39,985
 17,347
 13,687
 10,916
 884
 82,819

 30,076
 21,263
 (1,071)
 17,498
 19,095
 865
 87,726
 (4,907)

 12,324
 34,288
 —
 —
 46,612
 (51,519)
 (6,360)
 —
 —
 (57,879)
 392
 (57,487)
 (104)
 (57,591)

 (0.32)
 180,619,860

 46,014
 240,832
 79,637
 85,088
 44,448

(1) during the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company early adopted aSu 2019-08, Compensation – Stock Compensation (topic 718) and Revenue from
Contracts with Customers (topic 606) (aSu 2019-08) with retrospective adoption as of January 1, 2019 resulting in changes to previously reported
2019 interim financial information.

(2) effective January 1, 2018, the Company early adopted aSC topic 842, Leases (aSC topic 842). the most significant impact was the recognition
of  right  of  use  assets  and  finance  obligations  for  operating  leases  on  the  consolidated  balance  sheet,  as  well  as  recognition  of  gross  profit  on
sale/leaseback transactions. the Company corrected its adoption calculation (See note 2, “Restatement of Previously issued Consolidated Financial
Statements,” to the consolidated financial statements and see note 4, “Summary of Significant accounting Policies,” to the consolidated financial
statements.

(3) Certain corrections related to Research and development expenses that should have been reflected as cost of sales have been made to the 2017 and
2016 information. this resulted in $15.2 million and $8.9 million of Research and development expenses being reclassified to cost of sales in 2017
and 2016, respectively. also, as discussed in note 2, “Restatement of Previously issued Consolidated Financial Statements,” to the Consolidated
Financial Statements, a correction of an error related to lease accounting has been recorded in stockholder’s equity in the 2017 information above.

35

    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

the discussion contained in this Form 10-K contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27a
of the Securities act and Section 21e of the exchange act, that involve risks and uncertainties. our actual results could differ
materially from those discussed in this annual Report on Form 10-K. in evaluating these statements, you should review Part i,
Forward-looking  Statements,  Part  i,  item  1a,  “Risk  Factors”  and  our  consolidated  financial  statements  and  notes  thereto
included in Part ii, item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary data,” of this annual Report on Form 10-K.

Restatement

this Md&a gives effect to certain adjustments made to our previously reported consolidated financial statements as of
and for the years ended december 31, 2019 and 2018. due to the restatement of these periods, the data set forth in this Md&a
may  not  be  comparable  to  discussions  and  data  included  in  our  previously  filed  annual  Reports  on  Form  10-K  for  2019  and
2018.  Refer  to  note  2,  “Restatement  of  Previously  issued  Consolidated  Financial  Statements,”  of  the  accompanying  audited
financial  statements  for  further  details  related  to  the  Restatement  and  immaterial  correction  of  errors  and  the  impact  on  our
consolidated financial statements.

Overview

Plug Power is facilitating the paradigm shift to an increasingly electrified world by innovating cutting-edge hydrogen
and fuel cell solutions.  in our core business, we provide and continue to develop commercially-viable hydrogen and fuel cell
product solutions to replace lead-acid batteries in electric material handling vehicles and industrial trucks for some of the world’s
largest retail-distribution and manufacturing businesses. we are focusing our efforts on industrial mobility applications, including
 electric forklifts and electric industrial vehicles, at multi-shift high volume manufacturing and high throughput distribution sites
where we believe our products and services provide a unique combination of productivity, flexibility, and environmental benefits.
additionally,  we  manufacture  and  sell  fuel  cell  products  to  replace  batteries  and  diesel  generators  in  stationary  backup  power
applications.  these  products  have  proven  valuable  with  telecommunications,  transportation,  and  utility  customers  as  robust,
reliable, and sustainable power solutions.

Part  of  our  long-term  plan  includes  Plug  Power  penetrating  the  on-road  vehicle  market  and  large-scale  stationary
market. Plug Power’s announcements to form joint ventures with Renault  in europe and SK Group in asia not only support this
goal but are expected to provide us with a more global footprint. Plug has been successful with acquisitions, strategic partnerships
and  joint  ventures,  and  we  plan  to  continue  this  mix.    For  example,  we  expect  our  relationships  with  Brookfield  and  apex  to
provide us access to low-cost renewable energy, which is critical to low-cost green hydrogen.

our current products and services include:

Gendrive:  Gendrive  is  our  hydrogen  fueled  PeM  fuel  cell  system  providing  power  to  material  handling  electric
vehicles, including class 1, 2, 3 and 6 electric forklifts, aGVs and ground support equipment;

GenFuel:  GenFuel is our liquid hydrogen fueling delivery, generation, storage, and dispensing system;

GenCare: GenCare is our ongoing ‘internet of things’-based maintenance and on-site service program for Gendrive fuel
cell  systems,  GenSure  fuel  cell  systems,  GenFuel  hydrogen  storage  and  dispensing  products  and  ProGen  fuel  cell
engines;

GenSure:  GenSure is our stationary fuel cell solution providing scalable, modular PeM fuel cell power to support the
backup  and  grid-support  power  requirements  of  the  telecommunications,  transportation,  and  utility  sectors;  GenSure
high Power Fuel Cell Platform will support large scale stationary power and data center markets.

GenKey: GenKey is our vertically integrated “turn-key” solution combining either Gendrive or GenSure fuel cell power
with GenFuel fuel and GenCare aftermarket service, offering complete simplicity to customers transitioning to fuel cell
power;

36

table of Contents

ProGen:  ProGen is our fuel cell stack and engine technology currently used globally in mobility and stationary fuel cell
systems, and as engines in electric delivery vans. this includes the Plug Power Mea, a critical component of the fuel
cell stack used in zero-emission fuel cell electric vehicle engines; and

GenFuel electrolyzers: GenFuel electrolyzers are modular, scalable hydrogen generators optimized for clean hydrogen
production. electrolyzers generate hydrogen from water using electricity and a special membrane and “green” hydrogen
is generated by using renewable energy inputs, such as solar or wind power.

we provide our products worldwide through our direct product sales force, and by leveraging relationships with oeMs
and their dealer networks. Plug Power is targeting asia and europe for expansion in adoption. europe has rolled out ambitious
targets  for  the  hydrogen  economy  and  Plug  Power  is  executing  on  its  strategy  to  become  one  of  the  european  leaders.  this
includes a targeted account strategy for material handling as well as securing strategic partnerships with european oeMs, energy
companies,  utility  leaders  and  accelerating  our  electrolyzer  business.  we  manufacture  our  commercially  viable  products  in
latham,  new  York,  Rochester,  new  York  and  Spokane,  washington  and  support  liquid  hydrogen  generation  and  logistics  in
Charleston, tennessee.

Recent Developments

COVID-19 Update

as a result of the CoVid-19 pandemic, state governments—including those in new York and washington, where our
manufacturing facilities are located—have issued orders requiring businesses that do not conduct essential services to temporarily
close their physical workplaces to employees and customers. we are currently deemed an essential business and, as a result, are
exempt from these state orders, in their current form. in March 2020, we put in place a number of protective measures in response
to the CoVid-19 outbreak. these measures include the canceling of all commercial air travel and all other non-critical travel,
requesting  that  employees  limit  non-essential  personal  travel,  eliminating  all  but  essential  third-party  access  to  our  facilities,
enhancing  our  facilities’  janitorial  and  sanitary  procedures,  encouraging  employees  to  work  from  home  to  the  extent  their  job
function  enables  them  to  do  so,  encouraging  the  use  of  virtual  employee  meetings,  and  providing  staggered  shifts  and  social
distancing measures for those employees associated with manufacturing and service operations.

we  cannot  predict  at  this  time  the  full  extent  to  which  CoVid-19  will  impact  our  business,  results  and  financial
condition,  which  will  depend  on  many  factors.  we  are  staying  in  close  communication  with  our  manufacturing  facilities,
employees, customers, suppliers and partners, and acting to mitigate the impact of this dynamic and evolving situation, but there
is no guarantee that we will be able to do so. although as of the date hereof, we have not observed any material impacts to our
supply  of  components,  the  situation  is  fluid.  Many  of  the  parts  for  our  products  are  sourced  from  suppliers  in  China  and  the
manufacturing  situation  in  China  remains  variable.  Supply  chain  disruptions  could  reduce  the  availability  of  key  components,
increase prices or both. Certain of our customers, such as walmart, significantly increased their use of units and hydrogen fuel
consumption  as  a  result  of  CoVid-19.    in  the  twelve  months  ended  december  31,  2020,  our  services  and  PPa margins  were
negatively impacted by incremental service costs associated with increased usage of units at some of our primary customer sites.
in addition, future changes in applicable government orders or regulations, or changes in the interpretation of existing orders or
regulations, could result in further disruptions to our business that may materially and adversely affect our financial condition and
results of operations.

Borrowings, Capital Raises and Strategic Investments

on February 24, 2021, the Company completed the previously announced sale of its common stock in connection with a
strategic  partnership  with  SK  holdings  Co.,  ltd.  (“SK  holdings”)  to  accelerate  the  use  of  hydrogen  as  an  alternative  energy
source  in  asian  markets.  the  Company  sold    54,966,188  shares  of  its  common  stock  to  a  subsidiary  of  SK  holdings    at  a
purchase price of $29.2893 per share, or an aggregate purchase price of approximately $1.6 billion.

in January and February 2021, the Company issued and sold in a registered equity offering an aggregate of 32.2 million

shares of its common stock at a purchase price of $65.00 per share for net proceeds of approximately $1.8 billion.

in november 2020, the Company issued and sold in a registered equity offering an aggregate of 43,700,000 shares of its

common stock at a purchase price of $22.25 per share for net proceeds of approximately $927.3 million.

37

table of Contents

in each of July and September 2020, the Company borrowed an additional $25.0 million  under an amended loan and

security agreement (the “loan agreement”) with Generate lending, llC (“Generate Capital”).

in august 2020, the Company issued and sold in a registered equity offering an aggregate of 35,276,250 shares of its

common stock at a purchase price of $10.25 per share for net proceeds of approximately $344.4 million.

in  May  2020, the  Company  issued  $212.5  million  in  aggregate  principal  amount  of  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes.
the total net proceeds from this offering after deducting costs of the issuance were $205.1 million. See note 15, “Convertible
Senior notes, as restated” for more details. the Company used $90.2 million of the net proceeds to purchase $66.3 million of its
5.5% Convertible Senior notes.

Governance

 on February 18, 2021, the Company’s Board appointed Kimberly a. harriman as a director and as a member of the
audit Committee of the Board.  on February 24, 2021, in connection with the closing of the SK holdings investment, the Board
appointed Kyungyeol Song as a director of the Company.  each of Ms. harriman and Mr. Song has been designated as a Class iii
director to serve until the Company's 2023 annual Meeting of Stockholders.

on  May  13,  2021,  the  Board  amended  and  restated  the  Company’s  third  amended  and  Restated  Bylaws  in  order  to
clarify  and  update  certain  provisions  as  well  as  to  (i)  expressly  provide  for  virtual  stockholder  meetings  by  remote
communication  (article  i,  Section  4),  (ii)  eliminate  the  requirement  to  provide  notice  of  any  adjourned  meeting  of  the  Board
(article ii, Section 9), (iii) provide that shares of all classes or series of the Company’s stock may be uncertificated (article iV,
Section  1),  and  (iv)  designate  the  federal  district  courts  of  the  united  States  of  america  as  the  exclusive  jurisdiction  for  any
litigation arising under the Securities act (article Vi, Section 8) (the “amended and Restated Bylaws”). the Board approved the
amended  and  Restated  Bylaws,  among  other  reasons,  to  align  them  with  current  governance  practices  and,  in  respect  of  the
exclusive federal forum provision, in order to seek to reduce any potential expenses that the Company may incur in connection
with  any  actions  or  proceedings  by  seeking  to  avoid  the  Company  being  required  to  defend  any  such  potential  actions  or
proceedings in multiple jurisdictions and in parallel proceedings in federal and state courts simultaneously.

Amazon Warrant

in 2017, the Company issued the amazon warrant to acquire up to 55,286,696 shares of the Company’s common stock
(the  “amazon  warrant  Shares”).  on  december  31,  2020,  the  Company  waived  the  remaining  vesting  conditions  under  the
amazon warrant, which resulted in the immediate vesting of the 20,368,784 unvested third tranche of amazon warrant Shares
and  recognition  of  a  $399.7  million  reduction  to  revenue  associated  with  18,085,395  of  the  third  tranche  of  amazon  warrant
Shares for which reduction of revenue had not been previously recognized as a reduction of revenue.  

the $399.7 million  reduction to revenue resulting  from the december 31, 2020 waiver was determined  based upon a
probability  assessment  of  whether  the  amazon  warrant  Shares  would  vest  under  the  terms  of  the  original  amazon  warrant.
Based  upon  the  Company’s  projections  of  probable  future  cash  collections  from  amazon  (i.e.,  a  type  i  share  based  payment
modification), a reduction of revenue of $56.6 million associated with 5,354,905 amazon warrant Shares was recognized at their
previously  measured  november  2,  2020  fair  value  of  $10.57  per  share.  a  reduction  of  revenue  of  $343.1  associated  with  the
remaining 12,730,490 amazon warrant Shares was recognized at their december 31, 2020 fair value of $26.95 each, based upon
the Company’s assessment that associated future cash collections from amazon were not deemed probable (i.e., a type iii share
based payment modification).

the  $399.7  million  reduction  to  revenue  was  recognized  during  the  year  ended  december  31,  2020  because  the
Company concluded such amount was not recoverable from the margins expected under probable future revenues attributable to
amazon, and no exclusivity or other rights were conferred to the Company in connection with the december 31, 2020 waiver.
additionally, for the year ended december 31, 2020, the Company recorded a reduction to the provision for warrants of $12.8
million in connection with the release of the service loss accrual.  

Provision for Common Stock Warrants

in  2017,  in  separate  transactions,  the  Company  issued  to  each  of  amazon.com  nV  investment  holdings  llC  and

walmart, inc. (“walmart”) warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock. the Company recorded a portion

38

table of Contents

of the estimated fair value of the warrants as a reduction of revenue based upon the projected number of shares of common stock
expected  to  vest  under  the  warrants,  the  proportion  of  purchases  by  amazon,  walmart  and  their  affiliates  within  the  period
relative  to  the  aggregate  purchase  levels  required  for  vesting  of  the  respective  warrants,  and  the  then-current  fair  value  of  the
warrants. during the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company adopted aSu 2019-08, with retrospective adoption as of January 1,
2019.    as  a  result,  the  amount  recorded  as  a  reduction  of  revenue  was  measured  based  on  the  grant-date  fair  value  of  the
warrants. Previously, this amount was measured based on vesting date fair value with estimates of fair value determined at each
financial reporting date for unvested warrant shares considered to be probable of vesting. except for the third tranche, all existing
unvested warrants are measured using a measurement date of January 1, 2019, the adoption date, in accordance with aSu 2019-
08. For the third tranche of the shares under walmart’s warrant, the exercise price will be determined once the second tranche
vests. For the third tranche of the amazon warrant Shares, see above for the exercise price and measurement dates used.

the  amount  of  provision  for  common  stock  warrants  recorded  as  a  reduction  of  revenue  during  the  years  ended

december 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 respectively, is shown in the table below (in thousands):

Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related
infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers

total

Results of Operations

Year ended December 31,

2020
$  (331,135)

 (35,972)
 (2,777)
 (55,163)
$  (425,047)

$

$

2019
 (2,037)

 (814)
 (1,465)
 (2,197)
 (6,513)

$

$

2018
 (4,877)

 (1,951)
 (262)
 (3,100)
 (10,190)

our primary sources of revenue are from sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, services performed on fuel
cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure,  PPas,  and  fuel  delivered  to  customers.    Revenue  from  sales  of  fuel  cell  systems  and
related infrastructure represents sales of our Gendrive units, GenSure stationary backup power units, as well as hydrogen fueling
infrastructure. Revenue from services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure represents revenue earned on our
service  and  maintenance  contracts  and sales  of  spare  parts.   Revenue  from  PPas primarily  represents  payments  received  from
customers who make monthly payments to access the Company’s GenKey solution.  Revenue associated with fuel delivered to
customers represents the sale of hydrogen to customers that has been purchased by the Company from a third party or generated
on site.

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

net  revenue,  cost  of  revenue,  gross  profit/(loss)  and  gross  margin  for  the  years  ended  december  31,  2020,  2019  as

restated, and 2018, as restated, were as follows (in thousands):

For the year ended December 31, 2020:
Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Provision for loss contracts related to service
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

total

For the year ended December 31, 2019 (as restated):
Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure

Provision for loss contracts related to service

Power Purchase agreements

Fuel delivered to customers

other

total

For the year ended December 31, 2018 (as restated):

Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure

Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure

Provision for loss contracts related to service

Power Purchase agreements

Fuel delivered to customers

other

total

Net Revenue

Net
Revenue

Cost of
Revenue

Gross
Profit/(Loss)

Gross
Margin

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

 (94,295)
 (9,801)
 —
 26,620
 (16,072)
 311
 (93,237)

 149,920
 25,217

 —

 25,553

 29,099

 186

 229,975

 107,175

 22,002

 —

 22,569

 22,469

$

$

$

$

$

 171,404
 42,524
 35,473
 64,640
 61,815
 323
 376,179

 97,915
 34,582

 (394)

 41,777

 45,247

 200

 219,327

 85,205

 32,271

 5,345

 41,361

 36,037

 —  

 —  

$

 174,215

$

 200,219

$

 (265,699) 
 (52,325) 
 (35,473)
 (38,020) 
 (77,887) 
 (12) 
 (469,416) 

 52,005  
 (9,365) 

 394

 (16,224) 

 (16,148) 

 (14)

 10,648  

 21,970  

 (10,269) 

 (5,345)

 (18,792) 

 (13,568) 

 —  
 (26,004) 

 (281.8)%
 (533.9)%
 — %
 (142.8)%
 (484.6)%
 (3.9)%
 (503.5)%

 34.7 %
 (37.1)%

 — %

 (63.5)%

 (55.5)%

 (7.5)%

 4.6 %

 20.5 %

 (46.7)%

 — %

 (83.3)%

 (60.4)%

 — %

 14.9 %

Revenue – sales  of  fuel  cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure.    Revenue  from  sales  of  fuel  cell  systems  and  related
infrastructure represents revenue from the sale of our fuel cells, such as Gendrive units and GenSure stationary backup power
units, as well as hydrogen fueling infrastructure referred to at the site level as hydrogen installations. Revenue from sales of fuel
cell  systems  and related  infrastructure  for the year  ended december  31, 2020 decreased  $244.2 million,  or 162.9%, to ($94.3)
million from $149.9 million for the year ended december 31, 2019, as restated for 2019. included within revenue was provision
for common stock warrants of $331.1 million and $2.0 million for the years ended december 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
the main driver for the decrease in revenue was the increase in provision for common stock warrants which resulted from the
accelerated  vesting  of  the  third  tranche  of  the  amazon  warrant  Shares.  See  “amazon  transaction  agreement”,  below.  this
increased level of provision for common stock warrants is not expected to continue because the amazon warrant is fully vested.
offsetting the decrease in revenue was an increase in hydrogen installations related to one significant customer. there were 27
hydrogen  fueling  infrastructure  sites  during  the  year  ended  december  31,  2020  as  compared  to  four  in  2019.  also  partially
offsetting  the  revenue  decrease  was  an  increase  in  Gendrive  units  recognized  as  revenue.  there  were  9,418  Gendrive  units
recognized  as  revenue  in  2020  as  compared  to  6,058  in  2019.  we  continue  to  enhance  our  Gendrive  units,  resulting  in  lower
maintenance  costs,  higher  run  times,  and  greater  efficiency.  these  enhancements  have  resulted  in  higher  demand  for  our
Gendrive product as well as higher sales prices. in addition, the Company continues to broaden its customer portfolio. Pricing
varies amongst customers depending on application and in general the Company has been able to increase average selling prices
for Gendrive units by broadening small to medium size customers, resulting in fewer volume discounts.

Revenue from sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure for the year ended december 31, 2019 increased $42.7
million (as restated), or 39.9% (as restated), to $149.9 million (as restated) from $107.2 million (as restated) for the year ended
december 31, 2018. included within revenue was provision for common stock warrants of $2.0 million and $4.9 million for the
years  ended  december  31,  2019  and  2018,  respectively.  the  main  drivers  for  the  increase  in  revenue  were  the  increase  in
Gendrive units recognized as revenue, change in product mix and variations in customer programs, as well as a decrease in the
aforementioned provision for common stock warrants. there were 6,058 Gendrive units

40

    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

recognized as revenue during the year ended december 31, 2019, compared to 4,426 for the year ended december 31, 2018. the
increase in Gendrive revenue was partially offset by a decrease in hydrogen fueling infrastructure installations. there were four
sites associated with hydrogen fueling infrastructure revenue during the year ended december 31, 2019, compared to 17 during
the year ended december 31, 2018.

Revenue – services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure.  Revenue from services performed on fuel
cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure  represents  revenue  earned  on  our  service  and  maintenance  contracts  and  sales  of  spare
parts.  Revenue  from  services  performed  on  fuel  cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2020
decreased $35.0 million, or 138.9%, to ($9.8) million from $25.2 million for the year ended december 31, 2019, as restated for
2019. included within revenue from services was provision for common stock warrants of $36.0 million and $0.8 million for the
years ended december 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. the main driver for the decrease in revenue was the increase in provision
for common stock warrants which resulted from the accelerated vesting of the third tranche of the amazon warrant Shares. See
“amazon  transaction  agreement”  below.  this  increased  level  of  provision  for  common  stock  warrants  is  not  expected  to
continue  because  the  amazon  warrant  is  fully  vested.  Partially  offsetting  the  decrease  in  revenue  was  an  increase  in  average
number  of  Gendrive  units  under  maintenance  contracts.  the  average  number  of  Gendrive  units  under  maintenance  contracts
during the year ended december 31, 2020 was 12,417 compared to 11,485 in 2019. we continue to enhance our Gendrive units,
which has resulted in higher demand for our Gendrive product, as well as higher sales prices.

Revenue from services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure for the year ended december 31, 2019
increased $3.2 million, or 14.6%, to $25.2 million (as restated) from $22.0 million (as restated) for the year ended december 31,
2018. included within revenue from services was provision for common stock warrants of $0.8 million and $2.0 million for the
years  ended  december  31,  2019  and  2018,  respectively,  contributing  to  the  increase  in  revenue.  the  average  number  of  units
under extended maintenance contracts during the year ended december 31, 2019 was 11,485, compared to 11,035 during the year
ended december 31, 2018. this increase in the average number of units serviced in 2019 coupled with favorable changes in mix
drove the increase in revenue during the period.

Revenue – Power Purchase Agreements.  Revenue from PPas represents payments received from customers for power
generated through the provision of equipment and service. Revenue from PPas for the year ended december 31, 2020 increased
$1.1 million, or 4.2%, to $26.6 million from $25.6 million for the year ended december 31, 2019 (as restated). included within
revenue was provision for common stock warrants of $2.8 million and $1.5 million for the years ended december 31, 2020 and
2019, respectively. the increase in revenue was a result of an increase in the average number of units and customer sites party to
these agreements. there was an average of 15,469 units under PPas generating revenue in 2020, compared to 10,478 in 2019.
the  average  number  of  sites  under  PPa  arrangements  was  39  in  2020,  compared  to  33  in  2019.  the  revenue  increase  from
additional units and sites was partially offset by the increase in provision for common stock warrants. we continue to enhance
our  Gendrive  units,  which  has  resulted  in  higher  demand  for  our  Gendrive  product.  in  addition,  the  Company  continues  to
broaden its customer portfolio. we added a significant customer that uses PPa for our equipment in the second half of 2020, also
contributing to an increase in revenue year over year.

Revenue from PPas for the year ended december 31, 2019 increased $3.0 million (as restated), or 13.2% (as restated),
to $25.6 million (as restated) from $22.6 million (as restated) for the year ended december 31, 2018. included within revenue
was provision for common stock warrants of $1.5 million  and $0.3 million  for the years ended december  31, 2019 and 2018,
respectively. the increase in revenue from PPas for the year ended december 31, 2019 as compared to the year ended december
31,  2018  was  attributable  to  the  increase  in  the  number  of  units  under  PPa  arrangements,  partially  offset  by  the  increase  in
provision  for  common  stock  warrants.  the  remaining  increase  was  due  to  the  increased  number  of  sites  the  Company  had
deployed under PPa arrangements. the average number of sites under PPa arrangements was 39 in 2019, as compared to 30 in
2018. the 18.2% increase in the average number of sites under PPa arrangements for the year december 31, 2019 compared to
the year ended december 31, 2018 was relatively consistent with the increase in revenue during the same period, partially offset
by the increase in provision for common stock warrants.

Revenue  –  fuel  delivered  to  customers.    Revenue  associated  with  fuel  delivered  to  customers  represents  the  sale  of
hydrogen to customers that has been purchased by the Company from a third party or generated on site. Revenue associated with
fuel delivered to customers for the year ended december 31, 2020 decreased $45.2 million, or 155.2%, to ($16.1) million from
$29.1  million  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2019  (as  restated).  included  within  revenue  was  provision  for  common  stock
warrants of $55.2 million and $2.2 million for the years ended december 31, 2020 and 2019,

41

table of Contents

respectively. the main driver for the decrease in revenue was the increase in provision for common stock warrants which resulted
from the accelerated vesting of the third tranche of the amazon warrant Shares. See “amazon warrant transaction agreement”
above. this increased level of provision for common stock warrants is not expected to continue because the amazon warrant is
fully vested. Partially offsetting the provision of common stock warrants was an increase in fueling sites under contracts.  there
were 103 sites associated  with fuel contracts  at december  31, 2020, compared  to 76 at december  31, 2019. this is consistent
with the increased sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure sales as well as increases in the level of deployment of PPa
sites.  

Revenue associated with fuel delivered to customers for the year ended december 31, 2019 increased $6.6 million, or
29.5%,  to  $29.1  million  (as  restated)  from  $22.5  million  (as  restated)  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2018.  included  within
revenue was provision for common stock warrants of $2.2 million and $3.1 million for the years ended december 31, 2019 and
2018, respectively, contributing to the increase in revenue. the remaining increase in revenue was primarily due to an increase in
sites taking fuel deliveries in 2019, compared to 2018, as well as an increase in the price of fuel. the average number of sites
receiving fuel deliveries was 76 for the year ended december 31, 2019, as compared to 62 for the year ended december 31, 2018.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue – sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure.  Cost of revenue from sales of fuel cell systems
and  related  infrastructure  includes  direct  materials,  labor  costs,  and  allocated  overhead  costs  related  to  the  manufacture  of  our
fuel cells such as Gendrive units and GenSure stationary backup power units, as well as hydrogen fueling infrastructure referred
to at the site level as hydrogen installations.

Cost  of  revenue  from  sales  of  fuel  cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2020
increased  $73.5  million,  or  75.1%,  to  $171.4  million,  compared  to  $97.9  million  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2019  (as
restated). this increase was primarily driven by an increase in the number of Gendrive units recognized as revenue, as well as an
increase in hydrogen infrastructure installations recognized as revenue. there were 9,418 Gendrive units recognized as revenue
during  the  year  ended  december  31,  2020,  compared  to  6,058  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2019.  there  were  27  sites
associated with hydrogen fueling infrastructure revenue for the year ended december 31, 2020 compared to 4 for the year ended
december 31, 2019. Gross margin generated from sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure was (281.8)% for the year
ended december 31, 2020, down from 34.7% for the year ended december 31, 2019 (as restated), due primarily to the increase in
provision for common stock warrants which resulted from  the accelerated vesting of the third tranche of the amazon warrant
Shares.  See  “amazon  transaction  agreement”  below.  this  increased  level  of  provision  for  common  stock  warrants  is  not
expected to continue because the amazon warrant is fully vested.

Cost  of  revenue  from  sales  of  fuel  cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2019
increased  $12.7  million  (as  restated),  or  14.9%  (as  restated),  to  $97.9  million  (as  restated),  compared  to  $85.2  million  (as
restated) for the year ended december 31, 2018. this increase was primarily driven by an increase in the number of Gendrive
units recognized as revenue, partially offset by the decrease in hydrogen infrastructure installations recognized as revenue. there
were  6,058  Gendrive  units  recognized  as  revenue  during  the  year  ended  december  31,  2019,  compared  to  4,426  for  the  year
ended  december  31,  2018.  there  were  4  sites  associated  with  hydrogen  fueling  infrastructure  revenue  for  the  year  ended
december  31,  2019  compared  to  17  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2018.  Gross  margin  generated  from  sales  of  fuel  cell
systems and related infrastructure was 34.7% (as restated) for the year ended december 31, 2019, up from 20.5% (as restated) for
the year ended december  31, 2018, primarily  due to an increase  in Gendrive units recognized  as revenue  and decrease  in the
number of hydrogen infrastructure sites deployed, as well as a reduction of provision for common stock warrants.

Cost  of  revenue  –  services  performed  on  fuel  cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure.  Cost  of  revenue  from  services
performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure includes the labor, material costs and allocated overhead costs incurred
for our product service and hydrogen site maintenance contracts and spare parts. Cost of revenue from services performed on fuel
cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2020  increased  $7.9  million,  or  23.0%,  from  $34.6
million to $42.5 million for the year ended december 31, 2019 (as restated) primarily due to an increase in the number of units
under  maintenance  contracts.  there  were  12,417  units  under  maintenance  contracts  generating  revenue  during  the  year  ended
december 31, 2020, compared to 11,485 for the year ended december 31, 2019, on average. Gross margin declined to (533.9)%
for the year ended december 31, 2020 compared to (37.1)% for the year ended december 31, 2019 primarily due to the increase
in provision for common stock warrants which resulted from  the

42

table of Contents

accelerated  vesting  of  the  third  tranche  of  the  amazon  warrant  Shares.  See  “amazon  transaction  agreement”  below.  this
increased level of provision for common stock warrants is not expected to continue because the amazon warrant is fully vested.
additionally, there were increased costs as a result of additional usage due to CoVid-19 run hour requirements at customer sites,
as well as increased costs due to investments related to stack performance. these stack enhancements are expected to decrease
service costs in the future.

Cost of revenue from services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure for the year ended december 31,
2019 increased $2.3 million, or 7.2% (as restated), from $32.3 million (as restated) to $34.6 million (restated) for the year ended
december 31, 2018. Gross margin improved to (37.1%) (as restated) for the year ended december 31, 2019 compared to (46.7%)
(as restated) for the year ended december 31, 2018 primarily due to program investments targeting performance improvement
and variation in maintenance cycles.

Cost of revenue – provision for loss accrual.  the Company recorded a provision for loss accrual during 2020 of $35.5
million, an increase of $35.9 million over the net benefit for loss contracts related to service recorded in 2019 of $394 thousand
(as  restated).    the  increase  in  the  provision  for  loss  accrual  during  2020  was  driven  primarily  by  an  increase  in  estimated
projected costs to service units and an increase in the number of service contracts during 2020.  the Company determined during
2020, based on historical experience, that certain cost down initiatives were taking longer to achieve than originally estimated.
 as  a  result,  the  Company  increased  its  estimated  projected  costs  to  service  fuel  cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure.
 additionally,  the  Company  determined  during  the  third  quarter  of  2020  that  the  projected  provision  for  the  amazon  warrant
would  be  significantly  higher  than  previously  experienced  (see  discussion  of  the  amazon  transaction  agreement).  lastly,  the
Company entered into 19 new service contracts during 2020, compared to one new service contract in 2019.  

the  Company  recorded  a  net  benefit  for  loss  accrual  during  2019  of  $394  thousand  (as  restated),  a  decrease  of  $5.7
million  (as  restated)  over  the  provision  recorded  in  2018  of  $5.3  million  (as  restated).    the  decrease  in  the  provision  for  loss
accrual during 2019 was driven primarily by the passage of time on the contract portfolio and limited number of new contracts in
2019. the Company entered into one new service contract during 2019, compared to five new service contracts in 2018.

Cost of revenue – Power Purchase Agreements. Cost of revenue from PPas includes depreciation of assets utilized and
service costs to fulfill PPa obligations and interest costs associated with certain financial institutions for leased equipment. Cost
of  revenue  from  PPas for  the  year  ended  december  31, 2020 increased  $22.9  million,  or  54.7%,  to $64.6 million  from  $41.8
million for the year ended december 31, 2019, as restated. the increase in cost was a result of an increase in the average number
of units and customer sites party to these agreements. there was an average of 15,469 units under PPas recognized as revenue in
2020, compared  to 10,478  in 2019. the average  number  of sites  under PPa arrangements  was 39 in 2020, compared  to 33 in
2019.  Gross  margin  declined  to  (142.8)%  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2020  compared  to  (63.5)%  for  the  year  ended
december 31, 2019, primarily due to the increase in provision for common stock warrants and increase in costs related to greater
utilization of Gendrive units at a significant customer site, due to higher demand on customer warehouse equipment as a result of
CoVid-19.

Cost  of  revenue  from  PPas  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2019  increased  $0.4  million  (as  restated),  or  1.0%  (as
restated), to $41.8 million (as restated) from $41.4 million (as restated) for the year ended december 31, 2018. the increase was
a result of an increase in the number of customer sites party to these agreements. Gross margin improved to (63.5%) (as restated)
for the year ended december 31, 2019 compared to (83.3%) (as restated) for the year ended december 31, 2018, primarily due to
reliability improvements and increased labor leverage on a growing fleet, which resulted in improved service cost per unit.

Cost of revenue – fuel delivered to customers.  Cost of revenue from fuel delivered to customers represents the purchase
of hydrogen from suppliers that ultimately is sold to customers.  Cost of revenue from fuel delivered to customers for the year
ended december 31, 2020 increased $16.6 million, or 36.6%, to $61.8 million from $45.2 million for the year ended december
31, 2019, as restated. the increase was due primarily to higher volume of liquid hydrogen delivered to customer sites as a result
of an increase in the number of hydrogen installations completed under GenKey agreements and higher fuel costs. there were
103 sites associated with fuel contracts at december 31, 2020, compared to 76 at december 31, 2019. Gross margin declined to
(484.6)% during the year ended december 31, 2020 compared to (55.5)% during the year ended december 31, 2019 (as restated),
primarily  due  to  the  increase  in  provision  for  common  stock  warrants  which  resulted  from  the  accelerated  vesting  of  the  third
tranche  of  the  amazon  warrant  Shares.  See  “amazon  transaction  agreement”  below.  this  increased  level  of  provision  for
common stock warrants is not expected to continue because the amazon warrant is fully vested. the Company also experienced
an increase in the cost of fuel purchased during the second

43

table of Contents

half  of  2020  given  issues  with  a  particular  supplier.    this  trend  is  not  expected  to  continue  beyond  2021  as  the  Company
transitions to its own hydrogen production capabilities.

Cost  of  revenue  from  fuel  delivered  to  customers  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2019  increased  $9.2  million  (as
restated), or 25.6% (as restated), to $45.2 million (as restated) from $36.0 million (as restated) for the year ended december 31,
2018.  the increase was due primarily to higher volume of liquid hydrogen delivered to customer sites as a result of an increase
in the number of hydrogen installations completed under GenKey agreements and higher fuel costs. Gross margin improved to
(55.5%)  (as  restated)  during  the  year  ended  december  31,  2019  compared  to  (60.4%)  (as  restated)  during  the  year  ended
december  31,  2018  given  certain  efficiency  investments  and  reduction  in  customer  warrant  provisions  offset  somewhat  by
increases  in  fuel  costs  and  incremental  depreciation  on  tanks  and  related  fuel  equipment  stemming  from  investments  made  to
improve fuel system efficiency.

Expenses

Research and development expense. Research and development expense includes: materials to build development and
prototype  units,  cash  and  non-cash  compensation  and  benefits  for  the  engineering  and  related  staff,  expenses  for  contract
engineers, fees paid to consultants for services provided, materials and supplies consumed, facility related costs such as computer
and network services, and other general overhead costs associated with our research and development activities.

Research and development expense for the year ended december 31, 2020 increased $12.8 million, or 84.9%, to $27.8
million  from  $15.1  million  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2019,  as  restated.  the  increase  was  primarily  due  to  additional
research and development for improvement of fuel efficiency, Gendrive unit performance, and new product development such as
on-road delivery trucks, and drone applications. 

Research and development expense for the year ended december 31, 2019 increased $2.3 million (as restated), or 18.1%
(as restated), to $15.1 million (as restated)  from $12.8 million (as restated) for the year ended december 31, 2019. the increase
was  primarily  due  to  additional  research  and  development  for  fuel  efficiency,  Gendrive  unit  performance,  and  new  product
development such as on-road delivery trucks, drone applications. 

Selling, general and administrative expenses.  Selling, general and administrative expenses includes cash and non-cash
compensation, benefits, amortization of intangible assets and related costs in support of our general corporate functions, including
general management, finance and accounting, human resources, selling and marketing, information technology and legal services.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended december 31, 2020 increased $36.1 million, or 83.7%,
to $79.3 million from $43.2 million for the year ended december 31, 2019 (as restated).  this increase was primarily related to
acquisition and debt restructuring charges in addition to increases in compensation and headcount.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended december 31, 2019 increased $5.5 million (as restated),
or 14.6% (as restated), to $43.2 million (as restated) from $37.7 million (as restated) for the year ended december 31, 2018. this
increase was primarily related to an increase in performance and stock-based compensation during the year ended december 31,
2019, offset by a decrease in a certain legal accrual recorded during the year ended december 31, 2018.

Contingent  Consideration.    in the second quarter  of 2020, the Company recorded  on its  consolidated  balance  sheet  a
liability of $8.9 million representing the fair value of contingent consideration issued in the acquisitions of Giner elX and uhG.
 the fair value of this contingent consideration was remeasured as of december 31, 2020 and was estimated to be $10.2 million.
this  change  in  fair  value  of  $1.2  million  was  recorded  as  an  expense  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  operations  for  the  year
ended december 31, 2020.  See note 5, “acquisitions,” to the consolidated financial statements for further details.

Interest  and  other  expense,  net.  interest  and  other  expense,  net  consists  of  interest  and  other  expenses  related  to  our
long-term debt, convertible senior notes, obligations under finance leases and our finance obligations, as well as foreign currency
exchange  losses,  offset  by  interest  and  other  income  consisting  primarily  of  interest  earned  on  our  cash  and  cash  equivalents,
restricted  cash,  foreign  currency  exchange  gains  and  other  income.  the  Company  entered  into  a  series  of  finance  leases  with
Generate  Capital during 2018. approximately $50.0 million of these finance leases were terminated and replaced with long-term
debt with Generate Capital in March 2019. additionally, in September of 2019 and March of

44

table of Contents

2018, the Company issued convertible senior notes in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144a
under the Securities act. Since december 31, 2019, the Company assumed approximately $100 million of additional long-term
debt at 9.50% interest, issued $212.5 million convertible senior notes at 3.75% interest, and entered into additional sale/leaseback
finance obligation arrangements at an incremental borrowing rates ranging from 10.75% to 12.00%.

net interest and other expense for the year ended december 31, 2020, increased $24.8 million or 69.5%, as compared to
the year ended december 31, 2019 (as restated).  this increase was attributable to an increase in interest expense associated with
the  Company’s  increased  finance  obligations,  long-term  debt  and  the  issuance  of  the  convertible  senior  notes,  as  mentioned
above.

net interest and other expense for the year ended december 31, 2019, increased $12.9 million (as restated) or 56.9% (as
restated), as compared to the year ended december 31, 2018 (as restated).  this increase was attributed to the increase in finance
leases  and  long-term  debt  during  2019  and  the  issuance  of  convertible  senior  notes  in  September  2019  and  March  2018,  as
mentioned above.

Common Stock Warrant Liability

the Company accounts for certain common stock warrants, other than the amazon warrant and the warrant issued to
walmart, as common stock warrant liability with changes in the fair value reflected in the consolidated statement of operations as
change in the fair value of common stock warrant liability.

all remaining common stock warrants were fully exercised in the fourth quarter of 2019. as such, there was no change

in fair value of common stock warrant liability for the year ended december 31, 2020.

the change in fair value of common stock warrant liability for the year ended december 31, 2019 resulted in a decrease
in the associated warrant liability of $79 thousand as compared to a decrease of $4.3 million for the year ended december 31,
2018. these variances were primarily due to changes in the average remaining term of the warrants, an increase in Company’s
common stock price, and changes in volatility of our common stock, which are significant inputs to the Black-Scholes valuation
model used to calculate the fair value of these warrants at each financial reporting date. all of these warrants were exercised on
october 15, 2019 for net proceeds of $14.1 million.

Gain (Loss) on Extinguishment of Debt

during  the  fourth  quarter  of  2020,  the  Company  issued  an  aggregate  of  14,615,615  shares  in  connection  with  the
conversion  of  approximately  $33.5  million  of  its  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes.  the  resulting  gain  of  approximately  $4.5
million is reflected in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended december 31, 2020.

in May 2020, the Company used a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes
to repurchase approximately $66.3 million of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes which resulted in a $13.2 million gain on early
debt extinguishment.

in March 2019, the Company restructured its long-term debt with nY Green Bank, a division of the new York State
energy Research & development authority (“nY Green Bank”), which resulted in a loss on early debt extinguishment of $0.5
million.

Income Tax

the Company recognized an income tax benefit for the year ended december 31, 2020 of $30.8 million resulting from a
source of future taxable income attributable to the net credit to additional paid-in capital of $25.6 million related to the issuance
of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes,  offset  by  the  partial  extinguishment  of  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes  and  $5.2
million of income tax benefit for the year ended december 31, 2020 related to the recognition of net deferred tax liabilities in
connection  with  the  acquisition  of  Giner  elX.  this  resulted  in  a  corresponding  reduction  in  our  deferred  tax  asset  valuation
allowance. the Company has not changed its overall conclusion with respect to the need for a valuation allowance against its net
deferred tax assets, which remain fully reserved.

the  net  deferred  tax  asset  generated  from  the  Company’s  current  period  nol  has  been  offset  by  a  full  valuation

allowance because it is more likely than not that the tax benefits of the nol carry forward will not be realized. the

45

table of Contents

Company  recognizes  interest  and  penalties  on  the  interest  and  other  expense,  net  line  in  the  accompanying  consolidated
statements of operations.

the Company recognized an income tax benefit for the years ended december 31, 2019 and 2018 of $0 and $9.3 million
(as restated), respectively.  the 2018 income tax benefit resulted from a source of future taxable income attributable  to the net
credit  to  additional  paid-in  capital  related  to  the  issuance  of  the  $100  million  Convertible  Senior  notes  discussed  in  note  15,
“Convertible  Senior  notes,  as  restated.”  the  Company  has  not  changed  its  overall  conclusion  with  respect  to  the  need  for  a
valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets, which remain fully reserved.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

during 2020, the Company issued and sold 79.0 million shares in two separate, registered equity offerings, resulting in
net  proceeds  of  approximately  $1.3  billion.  See  note  16,  “Stockholders’  equity.”  in  May  2020,  the  Company  issued  $212.5
million in aggregate principal amount of 3.75% Convertible Senior notes due June 1, 2025, in a private placement to qualified
institutional buyers. See note 15, “Convertible Senior notes.”

as of december 31, 2020, the Company had $1.3 billion of cash and cash equivalents and $321.9 million of restricted
cash.  in  January  and  February  2021,  the  Company  issued  and  sold  in  another  registered  equity  offering  an  aggregate  of
32,200,000 shares of its common stock at a purchase price of $65.00 per share for net proceeds of approximately $1.8 billion.
Furthermore in February 2021, the Company completed the previously announced sale of its common stock in connection with a
strategic partnership with SK holdings to accelerate the use of hydrogen as an alternative energy source in asian markets. the
Company sold 54,996,188 shares of its common stock to a subsidiary of SK holdings at a purchase price of $29.2893 per share,
or an aggregate purchase price of approximately $1.6 billion. See note 23, “Subsequent events.”

the Company has continued to experience negative cash flows from operations and net losses. the Company incurred
net losses attributable to common stockholders of $596.2 million, $85.6 million and $85.7 million for the years ended december
31,  2020,  2019,  and  2018,  respectively  (2019  and  2018  as  restated).  the  Company’s  cash  used  in  operations  totaled  $155.5
million, $53.3 million, and $58.4 million for the year ended december 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, and had an accumulated deficit
of $1.9 billion at december 31, 2020.

the Company’s significant obligations consisted of the following as of december 31, 2020:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

operating  and  finance  leases  totaling  $113.9  million  and  $5.4  million,  respectively,  of  which  $14.3  million
 and  $903  thousand,  respectively,  are  due  within  the  next  12  months.  these  leases  are  primarily  related  to
sale/leaseback  agreements  entered  into  with  various  financial  institutions  to  facilitate  the  Company’s
commercial transactions with key customers.

Finance obligations totaling $181.6 million of which approximately $32.7 million are due within the next 12
months. Finance obligations consist primarily of debt associated with sale of future revenues and failed sale-
leaseback financings.

long-term  debt,  primarily  related  to  the  Company’s  loan  agreement  with  Generate  Capital,  totaling  $175.4
million of which $25.4 million is classified as short term on the consolidated balance sheets.

(iv)

Convertible senior notes totaling $85.6 million at december 31, 2020

the Company believes that its current working capital of $1.4 billion at december 31, 2020, which includes cash and
cash  equivalents  of  $1.3  billion,  together  with  proceeds  from  the  January  2021  registered  equity  offering  and  SK  Group
investment,  will  provide  sufficient  liquidity  to  fund  operations  for  a  least  one  year  after  the  date  the  financial  statements  are
issued.

the Company plans to invest a portion of its available cash to expand its current production and manufacturing capacity
and to fund strategic acquisitions and partnerships and capital projects. Future use of the Company’s funds is discretionary and
the  Company  believes  that  its  future  working  capital  and  cash  position  will  be  sufficient  to  fund  operations  even  after  these
growth investments.

46

table of Contents

Public and Private Offerings of Equity and Debt

Common Stock Issuances

in  February  2021,  the  Company  completed  the  previously  announced  sale  of  its  common  stock  in  connection  with  a
strategic partnership with SK holdings to accelerate the use of hydrogen as an alternative energy source in asian markets. the
Company sold 54,966,188 shares of its common stock to a subsidiary of SK holdings at a purchase price of $29.2893 per share,
or an aggregate purchase price of approximately $1.6 billion

in January and February 2021, the Company issued and sold in a registered equity offering an aggregate of 32,200,000
shares of its common stock at a purchase price of $65.00 per share for net proceeds of approximately $1.8 billion. See note 23,
“Subsequent events.”

in november 2020, the Company issued and sold in a registered direct offering an aggregate of 43,700,000 shares of its

common stock at a purchase price of $22.25 per share for net proceeds of approximately $927.3 million.

in august 2020, the Company issued and sold in a registered direct offering an aggregate of 35,276,250 shares of its

common stock at a purchase price of $10.25 per share for net proceeds of approximately $344.4 million.

on  april  13,  2020,  the  Company  entered  into  the  at  Market  issuance  Sales  agreement  with  B.  Riley  Financial  (“B.
Riley”),  as  sales  agent,  pursuant  to  which  the  Company  may  offer  and  sell,  from  time  to  time  through  B.  Riley,  shares  of
Company common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $75.0 million.  as of the date of this filing, the Company has
not issued any shares of common stock pursuant to the at Market issuance Sales agreement.

in december 2019, the Company issued and sold in a registered public offering an aggregate of 46 million shares of its

common stock at a purchase price of $2.75 per share for net proceeds of approximately $120.4 million.

in  March  2019,  the  Company  issued  and  sold  in  a  registered  direct  offering  an  aggregate  of  10  million  shares  of  its

common stock at a purchase price of $2.35 per share. the net proceeds to the Company were approximately $23.5 million.

Prior to december 31, 2019, the Company entered into a previous at Market issuance Sales agreement with B. Riley,
which  was  terminated  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2019.  under  this  at  Market  issuance  Sales  agreement,  for  the  year  ended
december 31, 2019, the Company issued 6.3 million shares of common stock, resulting in net proceeds of $14.5 million and for
the year ended december 31, 2018, the Company issued 3.8 million shares of common stock, resulting in net proceeds of $7.0
million.

Convertible Senior Notes

in  May  2020, the  Company  issued  $212.5  million  in  aggregate  principal  amount  of  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes.
the total net proceeds from this offering, after deducting costs of the issuance, were $205.1 million. the Company used $90.2
million  of  the  net  proceeds  from  the  offering  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  to  repurchase  $66.3  million  of  the  $100
million in aggregate principal amount of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes. in addition, the Company used approximately $16.3
million  of  the  net  proceeds  from  the  offering  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  to  enter  into  privately  negotiated  capped
called transactions.  in the fourth quarter of 2020, $33.5 million of the remaining 5.5% Convertible Senior notes were converted
into  14.6  million  shares  of  common  stock,  resulting  in  a  gain  of  approximately  $4.5  million  which  was  recorded  on  the
consolidated statement of operations on the gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt line. as of december 31, 2020, approximately
$160  thousand  aggregate  principal  amount  of  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes  remained  outstanding,  all  of  which  were
 converted to common stock in January 2021.

in September 2019, the Company issued $40.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 7.5% convertible senior note
due  2023,  which  we  refer  to  herein  as  the  7.5%  Convertible  Senior  note.  the  Company’s  total  obligation,  net  of  interest
accretion, due to the holder was $48.0 million. the total net proceeds from this offering, after deducting costs of the issuance,
were $39.1 million. on July 1, 2020, the note automatically converted fully into 16.0 million shares of common stock.

47

table of Contents

Secured Debt

in  March  2019,  the  Company  entered  into  a  loan  and  security  agreement,  as  amended  (the  “loan  agreement”),  with
Generate lending, llC (“Generate Capital”), providing for a secured term loan facility in the amount of $100 million (the “term
loan Facility”). the Company used the proceeds to pay off in full the Company’s previous loan with nY Green Bank a division
of the new York State energy Research & development (“Green-Bank loan”) and terminate and re-purchase certain equipment
leases  with  Generate  Plug  Power  SlB  ii,  llC.  in  connection  with  this  transaction,  the  Company  recognized  a  loss  on
extinguishment of debt of approximately $0.5 million during the year ended december 31, 2019. this loss was recorded in gain
(loss) on extinguishment of debt, in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. the Company borrowed an incremental
$20 million in november 2019.

additionally, during the year ended december 31, 2020, the Company, under another series of amendments to the loan
agreement, borrowed an incremental $100 million. as part of the amendment to the loan agreement, the Company’s  interest
rate  on  the  secured  term  loan  facility  was  reduced  to  9.50%  from  12.00%  per  annum,  and    the  maturity  date  was  extended  to
october  31,  2025  from  october  6,  2022.  on  december  31,  2020,  the  outstanding  balance  under  the  term  loan  Facility  was
$165.8 million.

the loan agreement includes covenants, limitations, and events of default customary for similar facilities. interest and
a portion of the principal amount is payable on a quarterly basis. Principal payments are funded in part by releases of restricted
cash,  as  described  in  note  22,  “Commitments  and  Contingencies,  as  restated.”  Based  on  the  amortization  schedule  as  of
december 31, 2020, the loan balance under the term loan Facility will be fully paid by october 31, 2025. 

the  term  loan  Facility  is  secured  by  substantially  all  of  the  Company’s  and  the  guarantor  subsidiaries’  assets,
including, among other assets, all intellectual property, all securities in domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the securities in foreign
subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions and exclusions.

the loan agreement provides that if there is an event of default due to the Company’s insolvency or if the Company
fails to perform in any material respect the servicing requirements for fuel cell systems under certain customer agreements, which
failure would entitle the customer to terminate such customer agreement, replace the Company or withhold the payment of any
material amount to the Company under such customer agreement, then Generate Capital has the right to cause Proton Services
inc.,  a  wholly  owned  subsidiary  of  the  Company,  to  replace  the  Company  in  performing  the  maintenance  services  under  such
customer agreement.

additionally,  $1.75  million  was  paid  to  an  escrow  account  related  to  additional  fees  due  in  connection  with  the
GreenBank loan if the Company does not meet certain new York State employment and fuel cell deployment targets by March
2021. during the year ended december 31, 2020, the Company received $250 thousand from escrow related to the new York
state  employment  targets.  the  Company  received  an  additional  $700  thousand  in  March  2021  for  meeting  the  employment
targets and this amount was recorded in short-term other assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of december 31,
2020. the Company did not meet the deployment targets and charged-off the balance of  $800 thousand to interest expense as of
december 31, 2020.

as of december 31, 2020 the term loan Facility requires the principal balance as of each of the following dates not to

exceed the following (in thousands):

december 31, 2021
december 31, 2022
december 31, 2023
december 31, 2024
december 31, 2025

 127,317
 93,321
 62,920
 33,692
 —

48

 
table of Contents

Several key indicators of liquidity are summarized in the following table (in thousands):

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
Restricted cash at end of period
working capital at end of period
net loss attributable to common stockholders
net cash (used in) provided by operating activities
net cash used in investing activities
net cash provided by financing activities

2020

$  1,312,404
 321,880
   1,380,830
 (596,181)
 (155,476)
 (95,334)
   1,515,529

2019
(as restated)
$  139,496
 230,004
 179,698
 (85,555)
 (53,324)
 (14,244)
 326,974

$

2018
(as restated)
 38,602
 71,551
 2,801
 (85,660)
 (58,350)
 (19,572)
 120,077

3.75% Convertible Senior Notes

on  May  18,  2020,  the  Company  issued  $200.0  million  in  aggregate  principal  amount  of  3.75%  Convertible  Senior
notes, in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144a under the Securities act. on May 29, 2020,
the Company issued an additional $12.5 million in aggregate principal amount of 3.75% Convertible Senior notes.

at issuance in May 2020, the total net proceeds from the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes were as follows:

Principal amount
less initial purchasers' discount
less cost of related capped calls
less other issuance costs
net proceeds

Amount

(in thousands)

 212,463
 (6,374)
 (16,253)
 (617)
 189,219

$

$

the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes bear interest at a  rate of 3.75% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears on June
1  and  december  1  of  each  year,  beginning  on  december  1,  2020.    the  notes  will  mature  on  June  1,  2025,  unless  earlier
converted, redeemed or repurchased in accordance with their terms.

the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  are  senior,  unsecured  obligations  of  the  Company  and  rank  senior  in  right  of
payment to any of the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the notes, equal in right of
payment  to  any  of  the  Company’s  existing  and  future  liabilities  that  are  not  so  subordinated,  including  the  Company’s  $100
million  in aggregate  principal amount of the 5.5% Convertible  Senior notes due 2023 (the “5.5% Convertible Senior notes”),
effectively junior in right of payment to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the collateral
securing such indebtedness, and structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, of its
current or future subsidiaries.  

holders of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes may convert their notes at their option at any time prior to the close of

the business day immediately preceding december 1, 2024 in the following circumstances:

1)

2)

during any calendar quarter commencing after december 31, 2020, if the last reported sale price of the Company’s
common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price for each of at least 20 trading days (whether or not
consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the
immediately preceding calendar quarter;

during the five business days after any five consecutive trading day period (such five consecutive trading day
period, the measurement period) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of the 3.75% Convertible
Senior notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported
sale price of the Company’s common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day;

49

    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

3)

4)

if the Company calls any or all of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes for redemption, any such notes that have
been called for redemption may be converted at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled
trading day immediately preceding the redemption date; or

upon the occurrence of specified corporate events, as described in the indenture governing the 3.75% Convertible
Senior notes.

on or after december 1, 2024, the holders of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes may convert all or any portion of their
notes  at  any  time  prior  to  the  close  of  business  on  the  second  scheduled  trading  day  immediately  preceding  the  maturity  date
regardless of the foregoing conditions.

the initial conversion rate for the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes is 198.6196 shares of the Company’s common stock
per $1,000 principal amount of notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $5.03 per share of the
Company’s common stock, subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of specified events. upon conversion, the Company will
pay  or  deliver,  as  applicable,  cash,  shares  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  or  a  combination  of  cash  and  shares  of  the
Company’s  common  stock,  at  the  Company’s  election.  during  January  and  February  of  2021,  $15.2  million  of  the  3.75%
Convertible Senior notes were converted and the Company has issued 3.0 million shares in conjunction with these conversions.

in addition, following certain corporate events or following issuance of a notice of redemption, the Company will

increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert its notes in connection with such a corporate event or convert its
notes called for redemption during the related redemption period in certain circumstances.

the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes will be redeemable, in whole or in part, at the Company’s option at any time, and
from time to time, on or after June 5, 2023 and before the 41st scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, at a
cash redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if
any, but only if the last reported sale price per share of the Company’s common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price then
in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive), including at least one of the three trading days immediately
preceding the date the Company sends the related redemption notice, during any 30 consecutive trading day period ending on,
and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company sends such redemption notice.

if the Company undergoes a “fundamental change” (as defined in the indenture), holders may require the Company to
repurchase their notes for cash all or any portion of their notes at a fundamental change repurchase price equal to 100% of the
principal  amount  of  the  notes  to  be  repurchased,  plus  accrued  and  unpaid  interest,  to,  but  excluding,  the  fundamental  change
repurchase date.

in accounting for the issuance  of the 3.75% Convertible  Senior notes, the Company separated the notes into liability
and  equity  components.  the  initial  carrying  amount  of  the  liability  component  of  approximately  $75.2  million,  net  of  costs
incurred, was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar liability that does not have an associated convertible feature. the
carrying  amount  of  the  equity  component  of  approximately  $130.3  million,  net  of  costs  incurred,  representing  the  conversion
option, was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the 3.75% Convertible Senior
notes. the difference between the principal amount of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes and the liability component (the debt
discount)  is  amortized  to  interest  expense  using  the  effective  interest  method  over  the  term  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior
notes.  the  effective  interest  rate  is  approximately  29.0%.    the  equity  component  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  is
included in additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheets and is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the
conditions for equity classification.

we  incurred  transaction  costs  related  to  the  issuance  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  of  approximately  $7.0
million,  consisting  of  initial  purchasers’  discount  of  approximately  $6.4  million  and  other  issuance  costs  of  $0.6  million.  in
accounting for the transaction costs, we allocated the total amount incurred to the liability and equity components using the same
proportions as the proceeds from the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes. transaction costs attributable to the liability component
were  approximately  $2.6  million,  were  recorded  as  debt  issuance  cost  (presented  as  contra  debt  in  the  consolidated  balance
sheets) and are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes. the transaction costs
attributable  to  the  equity  component  were  approximately  $4.4  million  and  were  netted  with  the  equity  component  in
stockholders’ equity.

50

table of Contents

the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes consisted of the following (in thousands):

Principal amounts:
 Principal
 unamortized debt discount (1)
 unamortized debt issuance costs (1)
 net carrying amount
 Carrying amount of the equity component (2)

December 31,
2020

$

$
$

 212,463
 (124,655)
 (2,295)
 85,513
 130,249

1)

2)

included in the consolidated balance sheets within the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes, net and amortized over the
remaining life of the notes using the effective interest rate method.

included in the consolidated balance sheets within additional paid-in capital, net of the associated income tax benefit
of $29.8 million.

Based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock of $33.91 on december 31, 2020, the if-converted value of
the notes was greater than the principal amount. the estimated fair value of the note at december 31, 2020 was approximately
$1.3 billion.  Fair value estimation  was primarily  based on a stock exchange, active  trade on december  29, 2020 of the 3.75%
 Senior  Convertible  note.  the  Company  considers  this  a  level  1  fair  value  measurement.  Refer  to  note  4,  “Summary  of
Significant accounting Policies.”

Capped Call

in conjunction with the pricing of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes, the Company entered into privately negotiated
capped  call  transactions  (the  “3.75%  notes  Capped  Call”)  with  certain  counterparties  at  a  price  of  $16.3  million.  the  3.75%
notes Capped Call covers, subject to anti-dilution adjustments, the aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock
that underlie the initial 3.75% Convertible Senior notes and is generally expected to reduce potential dilution to the Company’s
common  stock  upon  any  conversion  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  and/or  offset  any  cash  payments  the  Company  is
required to make in excess of the principal amount of the converted notes, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset
subject  to  a  cap  based  on  the  cap  price.  the  cap  price  of  the  3.75%  notes  Capped  Call  is  initially  $6.7560  per  share,  which
represents a premium of approximately 60% over the last then-reported sale price of the Company’s common stock of $4.11 per
share on the date of the transaction and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the 3.75% notes Capped Call. the
3.75% notes Capped Call becomes exercisable if the conversion option is exercised.

the  net  cost  incurred  in  connection  with  the  3.75%  notes  Capped  Call  has  been  recorded  as  a  reduction  to  additional

paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheet.

7.5% Convertible Senior Note

in September 2019, the Company issued $40.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.5%  Convertible Senior note, in
exchange  for  net  proceeds  of  $39.1  million,  in  a  private  placement  to  an  accredited  investor  pursuant  to  Rule  144a  under  the
Securities  act.  there  were  no  required  principal  payments  prior  to  the  maturity  of  the  7.5%  Convertible  Senior  note.  upon
maturity of the 7.5% Convertible Senior note, the Company was required to repay 120% of $40.0 million, or $48.0 million. the
7.5%  Convertible  Senior  note  bore  interest  at  7.5%  per  year,  payable  quarterly  in  arrears  on  January  5,  april  5,  July  5  and
october  5  of  each  year  beginning  on  october  5,  2019  and  was  to  mature  on  January  5,  2023  unless  earlier  converted  or
repurchased  in accordance  with its terms.  the 7.5% Convertible  Senior note was unsecured  and did not contain  any financial
covenants or any restrictions on the payment of dividends, or the issuance or repurchase of common stock by the Company.

on July 1, 2020, the 7.5% Convertible Senior note automatically converted into 16.0 million shares of common stock.

51

table of Contents

5.5% Convertible Senior Notes

in March 2018, the Company issued $100.0 million in aggregate principal amount of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes

due on March 15, 2023 in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144a under the Securities act.

in May 2020, the Company used a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes
to finance the cash portion of the partial repurchase of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes, which consisted of a repurchase of
approximately  $66.3  million  in  aggregate  principal  amount  of  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes  in  privately-negotiated
transactions for aggregate consideration of $128.9 million, consisting of approximately $90.2 million in cash and approximately
9.4 million shares of the Company’s common stock. of the $128.9 million in aggregate consideration, $35.5 million and $93.4
million were allocated to the debt and equity components, respectively, utilizing an effective discount rate of 29.8% to determine
the fair value of the liability component. as of the repurchase date, the carrying value of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes that
were repurchased, net of unamortized  debt discount and issuance costs, was $48.7 million. the partial repurchase of the 5.5%
Convertible  Senior  notes  resulted  in  a  $13.2  million  gain  on  early  debt  extinguishment.  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2020,  $33.5
million of the remaining 5.5% Convertible Senior notes converted into 14.6 million shares of common stock which resulted in a
gain  of  approximately  $4.5  million  which  was  recorded  on  the  consolidated  statement  of  operations  on  the  gain  (loss)  on
extinguishment  of  debt  line.  as  of  december  31,  2020,  approximately  $160  thousand  aggregate  principal  amount  of  the  5.5%
Convertible Senior notes remained outstanding,  all of which were converted to common stock in January 2021.

Capped Call

in conjunction with the pricing of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes, the Company entered into the 5.5% notes Capped
Call with certain counterparties at a price of $16.0 million to reduce the potential dilution to the Company’s common stock upon
any conversion of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes and/or offset any cash payments the Company is required to make in excess
of the principal amount of the converted 5.5% Convertible Senior notes, as the case may be. the net cost incurred in connection
with the 5.5% notes Capped Call has been recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheets.

in conjunction with the partial repurchase of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes, the Company terminated 100% of the
5.5%  notes  Capped  Call  on  June  5,  2020.  as  a  result  of  the  termination,  the  Company  received  $24.2  million  which  was
recorded in additional paid-in capital.

Common Stock Forward

in connection with the issuance of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes, the Company also entered into a forward stock
purchase transaction, or the Common Stock Forward, pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase 14,397,906 shares of its
common stock for settlement on or about March 15, 2023. in connection with the issuance of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes
and the partial payoff of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes, the Company amended and extended the maturity of the Common
Stock Forward to June 1, 2025. the number of shares of common stock that the Company will ultimately repurchase under the
Common  Stock  Forward  is  subject  to  customary  anti-dilution  adjustments.  the  Common  Stock  Forward  is  subject  to  early
settlement or settlement with alternative consideration in the event of certain corporate transactions.

the net cost incurred in connection with the Common Stock Forward of $27.5 million has been recorded as an increase
in  treasury  stock  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets  during  2018.  the  related  shares  were  accounted  for  as  a  repurchase  of
common stock.

the book value of the Common Stock Forward is not remeasured. 

during  the  fourth  quarter  of  2020,  the  Common  Stock  Forward  was  partially  settled  and,  as  a  result,  the  Company

received 4.4 million shares of its common stock.

Amazon Transaction Agreement

on  april  4,  2017,  the  Company  and  amazon  entered  into  a  transaction  agreement  (the  “amazon  transaction

agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue to amazon.com nV investment holdings llC, a wholly

52

   
table of Contents

owned subsidiary of amazon, a warrant (the “amazon warrant”) to acquire up to 55,286,696 shares of the Company’s common
stock (the “amazon warrant Shares”), subject to certain vesting events described below. the Company and amazon entered into
the amazon transaction agreement in connection with existing commercial agreements between the Company and amazon with
respect  to  the  deployment  of  the  Company’s  GenKey  fuel  cell  technology  at  amazon  distribution  centers.  the  existing
commercial agreements contemplate, but do not guarantee, future purchase orders for the Company’s fuel cell technology. the
vesting of the amazon warrant Shares was conditioned upon payments made by amazon or its affiliates (directly or indirectly
through third parties) pursuant to the existing commercial agreements.

under the terms of the original amazon warrant, the first tranche of 5,819,652 of the amazon warrant Shares vested
upon  execution,  and  the  remaining  amazon  warrant  Shares  vest  based  on  amazon’s  payment  of  up  to  $600.0  million  to  the
Company in connection with amazon’s purchase of goods and services from the Company. the $6.7 million fair value of the
first  tranche  of  amazon  warrant  Shares,  was  recognized  as  selling,  general  and  administrative  expense  upon  execution  of  the
amazon warrant during 2017.

Provision for the second and third tranches of amazon warrant Shares is recorded as a reduction of revenue, because

they represent consideration payable to a customer.

the fair value of the second tranche of amazon warrant Shares was measured at  January 1, 2019, upon adoption of
aSu 2019-08. the second tranche of 29,098,260 amazon warrant Shares cliff-vested in four equal installments, as amazon or
its affiliates, directly or indirectly through third parties, made an aggregate of $50.0 million in payments for goods and services to
the  Company,  up  to  payments  totaling  $200.0  million  in  the  aggregate.  the  last  installment  of  the  second  tranche  vested  on
november  2,  2020.    Revenue  reductions  of  $9.0  million,  $4.1  million  and  $9.8  million  associated  with  the  second  tranche  of
amazon warrant Shares were recorded in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, under the terms of the original amazon warrant.  

under the terms of the original amazon warrant, the third tranche of 20,368,784 amazon warrant Shares vests in eight
equal installments, as amazon or its affiliates, directly or indirectly through third parties, make an aggregate of $50.0 million in
payments for goods and services to the Company, up to payments totaling $400.0 million in the aggregate. the measurement date
for the third tranche of amazon warrant Shares was november 2, 2020, when their exercise price was determined, as discussed
further  below.  the  fair  value  of  the  third  tranche  of  amazon  warrant  Shares  on  that  date  was  determined  to  be  $10.57  each.
during  2020,  revenue  reductions  of  $24.1  million  associated  with  the  third  tranche  of  amazon  warrant  Shares  were  recorded
under the terms of the original amazon warrant, prior to the december 31, 2020 waiver described below.  

on  december  31,  2020,  the  Company  waived  the  remaining  vesting  conditions  under  the  amazon  warrant,  which
resulted  in  the  immediate  vesting  of  the  20,368,784  unvested  third  tranche  of  amazon  warrant  Shares  and  recognition  of  an
additional $399.7 million reduction to revenue.  

the $399.7 million  reduction to revenue resulting  from the december 31, 2020 waiver was determined  based upon a
probability  assessment  of  whether  the  underlying  shares  would  have  vested  under  the  terms  of  the  original  amazon  warrant.
Based  upon  the  Company’s  projections  of  probable  future  cash  collections  from  amazon  (i.e.,  a  type  i  share  based  payment
modification),  a  reduction  of  revenue  associated  with  5,354,905  amazon  warrant  Shares  was  recognized  at  their  previously
measured november 2, 2020 fair value of $10.57 per warrant.  a reduction of revenue associated with the remaining 12,730,490
amazon  warrant  Shares  was  recognized  at  their  december  31,  2020  fair  value  of  $26.95  each,  based  upon  the  Company’s
assessment that associated future cash collections from amazon were not deemed probable (i.e., a type iii share based payment
modification).

the  $399.7  million  reduction  to  revenue  was  recognized  during  the  year  ended  december  31,  2020  because  the
Company concluded such amount was not recoverable from the margins expected from probable future revenues attributable to
amazon, and no exclusivity or other rights were conferred to the Company in connection with the december 31, 2020 waiver.  

at december 31, 2020 and december 31, 2019, 55,286,696 and 20,368,782 of the amazon warrant Shares had vested,
respectively.  the  total  amount  of  provision  for  common  stock  warrants  recorded  as  a  reduction  of  revenue  for  the  amazon
warrant  during  the  years  ended  december  31,  2020,  and  2019  and  2018  was  $420.0  million,  $4.1  million,  and  $9.8  million,
respectively.

53

table of Contents

the exercise price for the first and second tranches of amazon warrant Shares is $1.1893 per share.  the exercise price
of the third tranche of amazon warrant Shares is $13.81 per share, which was determined pursuant to the terms of the amazon
warrant  as  an  amount  equal  to  ninety  percent  (90%)  of  the  30-day  volume  weighted  average  share  price  of  the  Company’s
common stock as of november 2, 2020, the final vesting date of the second tranche of amazon warrant Shares. the amazon
warrant  is  exercisable  through  april  4,  2027.  the  amazon  warrant  provides  for  net  share  settlement  that,  if  elected  by  the
holder, will reduce the number of shares issued upon exercise to reflect net settlement of the exercise price. the amazon warrant
provides for certain adjustments that may be made to the exercise price and the number of shares of common stock issuable upon
exercise  due  to  customary  anti-dilution  provisions  based  on  future  events.  the  amazon  warrant  is  classified  as  an  equity
instrument.  

Walmart Transaction Agreement

on  July  20,  2017,  the  Company  and  walmart  entered  into  a  transaction  agreement  (the  “walmart  transaction
agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue to walmart a warrant (the “walmart warrant”) to acquire up to
55,286,696  shares  of  the  Company’s  common  stock,  subject  to  certain  vesting  events  (the  “walmart  warrant  Shares”).  the
Company  and  walmart  entered  into  the  walmart  transaction  agreement  in  connection  with  existing  commercial  agreements
between  the  Company  and  walmart  with  respect  to  the  deployment  of  the  Company’s  GenKey  fuel  cell  technology  across
various  walmart  distribution  centers.  the  existing  commercial  agreements  contemplate,  but  do  not  guarantee,  future  purchase
orders for the Company’s fuel cell technology. the vesting of the walmart warrant Shares is conditioned upon payments made
by walmart or its affiliates (directly or indirectly through third parties) pursuant to transactions entered into after January 1, 2017
under existing commercial agreements.

the  majority  of  the  walmart  warrant  Shares  will  vest  based  on  walmart’s  payment  of  up  to  $600.0  million  to  the
Company  in  connection  with  walmart’s  purchase  of  goods  and  services  from  the  Company.  the  first  tranche  of  5,819,652
walmart  warrant  Shares  vested  upon  the  execution  of  the  walmart  transaction  agreement  and  was  fully  exercised  as  of
december 31, 2020.  accordingly, $10.9 million, the fair value of the first tranche of walmart warrant Shares, was recorded as a
provision for common stock warrants and presented as a reduction to revenue on the consolidated statements of operations during
2017. all future provision for common stock warrants is measured based on their grant-date fair value and recorded as a charge
against  revenue.  the  second  tranche  of  29,098,260  walmart  warrant  Shares    vests  in  four  installments  of  7,274,565  walmart
warrant Shares each time walmart or its affiliates, directly or indirectly through third parties, make an aggregate of $50.0 million
in payments for goods and services to the Company, up to payments totaling $200.0 million in the aggregate. the exercise price
for  the  first  and  second  tranches  of  walmart  warrant  Shares  is  $2.1231  per  share.  after  walmart  has  made  payments  to  the
Company  totaling  $200.0  million,  the  third  tranche  of  20,368,784  walmart  warrant  Shares  will  vest  in  eight  installments  of
2,546,098  walmart  warrant  Shares  each  time  walmart  or  its  affiliates,  directly  or  indirectly  through  third  parties,  make  an
aggregate of $50.0 million in payments for goods and services to the Company, up to payments totaling $400.0 million in the
aggregate. the exercise price of the third tranche of walmart warrant Shares will be an amount per share equal to ninety percent
(90%) of the 30-day volume weighted average share price of the common stock as of the final vesting date of the second tranche
of walmart warrant Shares, provided that, with limited exceptions, the exercise price for the third tranche will be no lower than
$1.1893. the walmart warrant is exercisable through July 20, 2027.

the walmart warrant provides for net share settlement that, if elected by the holder, will reduce the number of shares
issued upon exercise to reflect net settlement of the exercise price. the walmart warrant provides for certain adjustments that
may  be  made  to  the  exercise  price  and  the  number  of  shares  of  common  stock  issuable  upon  exercise  due  to  customary  anti-
dilution provisions based on future events. the walmart warrant is classified as an equity instrument.

at december 31, 2020 and december 31, 2019, 13,094,217 and 5,819,652 of the walmart warrant Shares had vested,
respectively.    the  total  amount  of  provision  for  common  stock  warrants  recorded  as  a  reduction  of  revenue  for  the  walmart
warrant during the years ended december 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $5.0 million, $2.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

Lessee Obligations

as  of  december  31,  2020,  the  Company  had  operating  leases,  as  lessee,  primarily  associated  with  sale/leaseback
transactions  that  are  partially  secured  by  restricted  cash,  security  deposits  and  pledged  escrows  (see  also  note  1,  “nature  of
operations”)  as  summarized  below.    these  leases  expire  over  the  next  one  to  nine  years.  Minimum  rent  payments  under
operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.  

54

  
table of Contents

leases contain termination clauses with associated penalties, the amount of which cause the likelihood of cancellation to
be  remote.    at  the  end  of  the  lease  term,  the  leased  assets  may  be  returned  to  the  lessor  by  the  Company,  the  Company  may
negotiate with the lessor to purchase the assets at fair market value, or the Company may negotiate with the lessor to renew the
lease  at  market  rental  rates.    no  residual  value  guarantees  are  contained  in  the  leases.    no  financial  covenants  are  contained
within  the  lease,  however  there  are  customary  operational  covenants  such  as  assurance  the  Company  properly  maintains  the
leased  assets  and  carries  appropriate  insurance,  etc.    the  leases  include  credit  support  in  the  form  of  either  cash,  collateral  or
letters  of  credit.    See  note  22,  “Commitments  and  Contingencies,  as  restated,”  for  a  description  of  cash  held  as  security
associated with the leases.    

the  Company  has  finance  leases  associated  with  its  property  and  equipment  in  latham,  new  York  and  at  fueling

customer locations.  the fair value of this finance obligation approximated the carrying value as of december 31, 2020.

Future minimum lease payments under operating and finance leases (with initial or remaining lease terms in excess of

one year) as of december 31, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

2021
2022
2023
2024
2025 and thereafter
total future minimum payments
less imputed interest
total

Operating Lease

Liability

Finance

Lease

Liability

Total

Lease

Liabilities

$

$

 28,536
 27,138
 26,464
 25,947
 50,362
 158,447
 (44,509)
 113,938

$

$

 1,261
 1,234
 1,210
 1,293
 1,721
 6,719
 (1,323)
 5,396

$

$

 29,797
 28,372
 27,674
 27,240
 52,083
 165,166
 (45,832)
 119,334

Rental expense for all operating leases was $22.3 million, $14.6 million and $10.2 million for the years ended december

31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  

the  gross  profit  on  sale/leaseback  transactions  for  all  operating  leases  was  $61.0  million,  $26.2  million  and  $16.4
million for the years ended december 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new
operating lease liabilities was $58.5 million and $37.7 million for the years ended december 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

at december 31, 2020 and 2019, the right of use assets associated with operating leases was $117.0 million and $63.3 

million, respectively. the accumulated depreciation for these right of use assets was $48.6 million and $23.6 million at december 
31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

at december 31, 2020 and 2019, the right of use assets associated with finance leases was $5.7 million and $1.7 

million, respectively. the accumulated depreciation for these right of use assets was $102 thousand and $32 thousand at 
december 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

at  december  31,  2020  and  2019,  security  deposits  associated  with  sale/leaseback  transactions  were  $5.8  million  and

$6.0 million, respectively, and were included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet.

other information related to the operating leases are presented in the following table:

Cash payments (in thousands)
weighted average remaining lease term (years)
weighted average discount rate

$

Year ended

Year ended

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

$

 22,626
6.0
11.7%

 14,055
5.0
12.1%

55

 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Finance  lease  costs  include  amortization  of  the  right  of  use  assets  (i.e.,  depreciation  expense)  and  interest  on  lease
liabilities  (i.e.,  interest  and  other  expense,  net  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  operations),  and  were  immaterial  for  the  years
ended december 31, 2019 and 2018.  

Right  of  use  assets  obtained  in  exchange  for  new  finance  lease  liabilities  were  $4.1  million  and  $5.9  million  for  the

years ended december 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

other information related to the finance leases are presented in the following table:

Cash payments (in thousands)
weighted average remaining lease term (years)
weighted average discount rate

$

Year ended

Year ended

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

$

 471
5.6
8.2%

 255
7.7
8.8%

the Company has sold future services to be performed associated with certain sale/leaseback transactions and recorded
the balance as a finance obligation.  the outstanding balance of this obligation at december 31, 2020 was $157.7 million, $24.2
million and $133.5 million of which was classified as short-term and long-term, respectively, on the accompanying consolidated
balance  sheet.  the  outstanding  balance  of  this  obligation  at  december  31,  2019  was  $112.4  million,  $16.8  million  and  $95.6
million  (as  restated)  of  which  was  classified  as  short-term  and  long-term,  respectively.  the  amount  is  amortized  using  the
effective interest method. the fair value of this finance obligation approximated the carrying value as of december 31, 2020.

in prior periods, the Company entered into sale/leaseback transactions that were accounted for as financing transactions
and reported as part of finance obligations. the outstanding balance of finance obligations related to sale/leaseback transactions
at december 31, 2020 and december 31, 2019 was $23.9 million and $31.7 million (as restated), respectively. the fair value of
this finance obligation approximated the carrying value as of both december 31, 2020 and december 31, 2019.

Future minimum payments under finance obligations noted above as of december 31, 2020 were as follows (in

thousands):

2021
2022
2023
2024
2025 and thereafter
total future minimum payments
less imputed interest
total

Sale of Future

Sale/leaseback

revenue - debt
 41,670
 39,268
 39,268
 39,268
 53,385
 212,859
 (55,158)
 157,701

$

$

$

$

financings

 9,327
 4,975
 3,149
 16,154
 —
 33,605
 (9,753)
 23,852

Total

Finance

Obligations
 50,997
 44,243
 42,417
 55,422
 53,385
 246,464
 (64,911)
 181,553

$

$

other information related to the above finance obligations are presented in the following table:

Cash payments (in thousands)
weighted average remaining term (years)
weighted average discount rate

$

Year ended

Year ended

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

$

 44,245
5.0
11.3%

 76,244
5.3
11.2%

56

table of Contents

the Company has outstanding obligations to wells Fargo under several Master lease agreements totaling $93.2 million
at  december  31,  2020.  these  outstanding  obligations  are  included  in  operating  lease  liabilities,  finance  lease  liabilities,  and
finance obligations.  

Restricted Cash

in  connection  with  certain  of  the  above  noted  sale/leaseback  agreements,  cash  of  $170.4  million  was  required  to  be
restricted  as  a  security  deposit  as  of  december  31,  2020,  which  restricted  cash  will  be  released  over  the  lease  term.  as  of
december 31, 2020, the Company also had certain letters of credit backed by security deposits totaling $152.4 million that are
security  for  the  above  noted  sale/leaseback  agreements,  for  which  the  requirements  wind  down  over  the  lease  terms  and
commensurately the restricted cash will be released.

the Company also had letters of credit in the aggregate amount of $0.5 million at december 31, 2020 associated with a

finance lease of its building. we consider cash collateralizing this letter of credit as restricted cash.

Contractual Obligations

Contractual  obligations  as  of  december  31,  2020,  under  agreements  with  non-cancelable  terms  are  as  follows  (in

thousands):

operating lease obligations (a)
Finance lease obligations (B)
other finance obligations (C)
Purchase obligations (d)
long-term debt (e)
Convertible Senior notes (F)

Total
 113,938   $
 5,396  

 181,463
 38,794  
 175,402
 212,660
 727,653

$

  $

$

<1 year

1 - 3 Years

3 - 5 Years

> 5 Years

 14,314
 903
 32,717
 38,794  
 25,389
 —
 112,117

$

 38,807
 1,863
 60,360

 —  

 73,754
 160
 174,944

$

 43,022
 2,082
 70,045

 —  

 75,819
 212,500
 403,468

$

 17,795
 548
 18,341
 —
 440
 —
 37,124

(a) the  Company  has  several  non-cancelable  operating  leases  that  generally  have  six  to  seven  year  terms,  primarily
associated with sale/leaseback transactions and are partially secured with restricted cash, security deposits and pledged
escrows.  in  addition,  the  Company  provides  its  products  and  services  to  certain  customers  in  the  form  of  a  PPa  that
generally have six to seven year terms. the Company accounts for these non-cancelable sale/leaseback transactions as
operating leases in accordance with (aSC) Subtopic 842, Leases, which was adopted in 2018. the liability for operating
leases recognized is presented separately on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. See note 12, “operating  and
Finance leases” to the consolidated financial statements for more detail.

(B) during the years ended december 31, 2020, 2017 and 2016, the Company entered into a series of project financings,
which are accounted for as finance leases and reported as part of the finance obligations on the Company’s consolidated
balance sheet. these obligations are secured with restricted cash, security deposits and pledged escrows.  the Company
also has a finance obligation related to a sale/leaseback transaction involving its building.

(C) the Company has received cash for future services to be performed associated with certain sale/leaseback transactions,

which are treated as a finance obligation.

(d) the Company has purchase obligations related to inventory build to meet its sales plan, stack and stack components for

new units and servicing existing units.

(e) the  Company  has  entered  into  a  long-term  debt  agreement  with  Generate  Capital.  we  expect  to  make  principal  and

interest payments using the proceeds from the release of restricted cash.

(F) the  Company  issued  Convertible  Senior  notes  in  March  of  2018  and  May  of  2020.  See  “7.5%  Convertible  Senior

note” and “5.5% Convertible Senior notes” above for details.  

57

    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
table of Contents

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

the Company does not have off-balance sheet arrangements that are likely to have a current or future significant effect
on  the  Company’s  financial  condition,  changes  in  financial  condition,  revenues  or  expenses,  results  of  operations,  liquidity,
capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Management’s  discussion  and  analysis  of  our  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  are  based  upon  our
consolidated  financial  statements,  which have been prepared  in accordance  with GaaP. the preparation  of these  consolidated
financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues
and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of and during the reporting period. on an on-
going  basis,  we  evaluate  our  estimates  and  judgments,  including  those  related  to  revenue  recognition,  bad  debts,  inventories,
intangible  assets,  valuation  of  long-lived  assets,  accrual  for  loss  contracts  on  service,  operating  and  finance  leases,  product
warranty  reserves,  unbilled  revenue,  common  stock  warrants,  income  taxes,  stock-based  compensation,  and  contingencies.  we
base our estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors and assumptions that are believed to be
reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about (1) the carrying values of
assets and liabilities and (2) the amount of revenue and expenses realized that are not readily apparent from other sources. actual
results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

we believe that the following are our most critical accounting estimates and assumptions the Company must make in

the preparation of our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto.

Revenue Recognition

the  Company  enters  into  contracts  that  may  contain  one  or  a  combination  of  fuel  cell  systems  and  infrastructure,
installation, maintenance, spare parts, fuel delivery and other support services. Contracts containing fuel cell systems and related
infrastructure may be sold directly to customers or provided to customers under a PPa, discussed further below.

the Company does not include a right of return on its products other than rights related to standard warranty provisions
that permit repair or replacement of defective goods. the Company accrues for anticipated standard warranty costs at the same
time that revenue is recognized for the related product, or when circumstances indicate that warranty costs will be incurred, as
applicable.  any prepaid amounts would only be refunded to the extent services have not been provided or the fuel cell systems
or infrastructure have not been delivered.

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price specified in a contract with a customer, subject to the allocation of
the transaction price to distinct performance obligations as discussed below. the Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a
performance obligation by transferring a product or service to a customer.

Promises  to  the  customer  are  separated  into  performance  obligations,  and  are  accounted  for  separately  if  they  are  (1)
capable of being distinct and (2) distinct in the context of the contract. the Company considers a performance obligation to be
distinct if the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources readily available to
the customer and the Company’s promise to transfer the goods or service to the customer is separately identifiable  from other
promises  in  the  contract.  the  Company  allocates  revenue  to  each  distinct  performance  obligation  based  on relative  standalone
selling prices.

Payment terms for sales of fuel cells, infrastructure and service to customers are typically 30 to 90 days. Sale/leaseback
transactions  with  financial  institutions  are  invoiced  and  collected  upon  transaction  closing.  Service  is  prepaid  upfront  in  a
majority of the arrangements. the Company does not adjust the transaction price for a significant financing component when the
performance obligation is expected to be fulfilled within a year.

in  2017,  in  separate  transactions,  the  Company  issued  to  each  of  amazon.com  nV  investment  holdings  llC  and
walmart warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock. the Company presents the provision for common stock
warrants within each revenue-related line item on the consolidated statements of operations. this presentation reflects a discount
that those common stock warrants represent, and therefore revenue is net of these non-cash charges.  

58

table of Contents

the provision of common stock warrants is allocated to the relevant revenue-related line items based upon the expected mix of
the revenue for each respective contract. See note 18, “warrant transaction agreements,” for more details.

Nature of goods and services

the following is a description of principal activities from which the Company generates its revenue.

(i) Sales of Fuel Cell Systems and Related infrastructure

Revenue  from  sales  of  fuel  cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure  represents  sales  of  our  Gendrive  units,  GenSure

stationary backup power units, as well as hydrogen fueling infrastructure.

the Company uses a variety of information sources in determining standalone selling prices for fuel cells systems and
related infrastructure. For Gendrive fuel cells, given the nascent nature of the Company’s market, the Company considers several
inputs, including prices from a limited number of standalone sales as well as the Company’s negotiations with customers. the
Company also considers its costs to produce fuel cells as well as comparable list prices in estimating standalone selling prices.
the Company uses applicable observable evidence from similar products in the market to determine standalone selling prices for
GenSure stationary backup power units and hydrogen fueling infrastructure. the determination of standalone selling prices of the
Company’s  performance  obligations  requires  significant  judgment,  including  periodic  assessment  of  pricing  approaches  and
available observable evidence in the market. once relative standalone selling prices are determined, the Company proportionately
allocates  the  transaction  price  to  each  performance  obligation  within  the  customer  arrangement  based  upon  standalone  selling
price. the allocated transaction price related to fuel cell systems and spare parts is recognized as revenue at a point in time which
usually  occurs  at  shipment  (and  occasionally  upon  delivery).  Revenue  on  hydrogen  infrastructure  installations  is  generally
recognized at the point at which transfer of control passes to the customer, which usually occurs upon customer acceptance of the
hydrogen infrastructure. in certain instances, control of hydrogen infrastructure installations transfers to the customer over time,
and the related revenue is recognized over time as the performance obligation is satisfied. the Company uses an input method to
determine the amount of revenue to recognize during each reporting period when such revenue is recognized over time, based on
the costs incurred to satisfy the performance obligation.

(ii)

Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure

Revenue  from  services  performed  on  fuel  cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure  represents  revenue  earned  on  our
service  and  maintenance  contracts  and  sales  of  spare  parts.  the  Company  uses  an  adjusted  market  assessment  approach  to
determine  standalone  selling  prices  for  services.  this  approach  considers  market  conditions  and  constraints,  the  Company’s
market share, pricing strategies and objectives while maximizing the use of available observable inputs obtained from a limited
number  of  historical  standalone  service  renewal  prices  and  negotiations  with  customers.  the  transaction  price  allocated  to
services as discussed above is generally recognized as revenue over time on a straight-line basis over the expected service period,
as  customers  simultaneously  receive  and  consume  the  benefits  of  routine,  recurring  maintenance  performed  throughout  the
contract period.

in  substantially  all  of  its  commercial  transactions,  the  Company  sells  extended  maintenance  contracts  that  generally
provide for a five-to-ten-year service period from the date of product installation in exchange for an up-front payment. Services
include monitoring, technical support, maintenance and services that provide for 97% to 98% uptime of the fleet. these services
are accounted for as a separate performance obligation, and accordingly, revenue generated from these transactions, subject to the
proportional allocation of transaction price, is deferred and recognized as revenue over the term of the contract, generally on a
straight-line basis. additionally, the Company may enter into annual service and extended maintenance contracts that are billed
monthly.  Revenue  generated  from  these  transactions  is  recognized  as  revenue  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  term  of  the
contract. Costs are recognized as incurred over the term of the contract. when costs are projected to exceed revenues over the life
of  the  extended  maintenance  contract,  an  accrual  for  loss  contracts  is  recorded.    as  of  december  31,  2020  and  2019,  the
Company recorded a loss accrual of $24.0 million and $3.7 million respectively (2019 restated). Costs are estimated based upon
historical experience and consider the estimated impact of the Company’s cost reduction initiatives. the actual results may differ
from these estimates.  See “extended Maintenance Contracts” below.

59

table of Contents

extended  maintenance  contracts  generally  do not  contain  customer  renewal  options. upon expiration,  customers  may

either negotiate a contract extension or switch to purchasing spare parts and maintaining the fuel cell systems on their own.

(iii)

Power Purchase agreements

Revenue from PPas primarily represents payments received from customers who make monthly payments to access for

the Company’s GenKey solution.

Revenue associated with these agreements is recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the agreements as the
customers receive the benefits from the Company’s performance of the services.  the customers receive services ratably over the
contract term.

in  conjunction  with  entering  into  a  PPa  with  a  customer,  the  Company  may  enter  into  transactions  with  third-party
financial institutions in which it receives proceeds from the sale/leaseback transactions of the equipment and the sale of future
service revenue. the proceeds from the financial institution are allocated between the sale of equipment and the sale of future
service revenue based on the relative standalone selling prices of equipment and service.  the proceeds allocated to the sale of
future  services  are  recognized  as  finance  obligations.    the  proceeds  allocated  to  the  sale  of  the  equipment  are  evaluated  to
determine  if the transaction  meets the criteria  for sale/leaseback  accounting. to meet the sale/leaseback  criteria,  control of the
equipment must transfer to the financial institution, which requires among other criteria the leaseback to meet  the criteria for an
operating  lease  and  the  Company  must  not  have  a  right  to  repurchase  the  equipment  (unless  specific  criteria  are  met).  these
transactions  typically  meet  the criteria  for sale/leaseback  accounting  and accordingly,  the Company recognizes  revenue on the
sale of the equipment, and separately recognizes the leaseback obligations.  

the Company recognizes a lease liability for the equipment leaseback obligation based on the present value of the future
payments to the financial institutions that are attributed to the equipment leaseback.  the discount rate used to determine the lease
liability  is  the  Company’s  incremental  borrowing  rate,  which  is  based  on  an  analysis  of  the  interest  rates  on  the  Company’s
secured  borrowings.   adjustments  that  considered  the  Company’s  actual  borrowing  rate,  inclusive  of  securitization,  as  well  as
borrowing rates for companies of similar credit quality, were applied in the determination of the incremental borrowing rate.  the
Company also records a right of use asset which is amortized over the term of the leaseback.  Rental expense is recognized on a
straight-line  basis  over  the  life  of  the  leaseback  and  is  included  as  a  cost  of  PPa  revenue  on  the  consolidated  statements  of
operations.

Certain of the Company’s transactions with financial institutions do not meet the criteria for sale/leaseback accounting
and accordingly, no equipment sale is recognized.  all proceeds from these transactions are accounted for as finance obligations.
the  right  of  use  assets  related  to  these  transactions  are  classified  as  equipment  related  to  the  PPas  and  fuel  delivered  to  the
customers, net in the consolidated balance sheets. Costs to service the property, depreciation of the assets related to PPas and
fuel  delivered  to  the  customers,  and  other  related  costs  are  included  in  cost  of  PPa  revenue  in  the  consolidated  statements  of
operations. the Company uses its transaction-date incremental borrowing rate as the interest rate for its finance obligations that
arise from these transactions. no additional adjustments to the incremental borrowing rate have been deemed necessary for the
finance obligations that have resulted from the failed sale/leaseback transactions.

in  determining  whether  the  sales  of  fuel  cells  and  other  equipment  to  financial  institutions  meet  the  requirements  for
revenue  recognition  under  sale/leaseback  accounting,  the  Company,  as  lessee,  determines  the  classification  of  the  lease.    the
Company estimates certain key inputs to the associated calculations such as: 1) discount rate used to determine the present value
of future lease payments, 2) fair value of the fuel cells and equipment, and 3) useful life of the underlying asset(s):

● aSC topic 842 requires a lessee to discount its future lease payments using the interest rate implicit in the lease or,
if that rate cannot be readily determined, its incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Company cannot determine
the interest rate implicit in its leases because it does not have access to the lessor’s estimated residual value or the
amount  of  the  lessor’s  deferred  initial  direct  costs.  therefore,  the  Company  generally  uses  its  incremental
borrowing  rate  to  estimate  the  discount  rate  for  each  lease.  adjustments  that  considered  the  Company’s  actual
borrowing rate, inclusive of securitization, as well as borrowing rates for companies of similar credit quality were
applied in the determination of the incremental borrowing rate.

60

table of Contents

●

●

in order for the lease to be classified as an operating lease, the present value of the future lease payments cannot
exceed 90% of the fair value of the leased assets. the Company estimates the fair value of the lease assets using the
sales prices.

in  order  for  a  lease  to  be  classified  as  an  operating  lease,  the  lease  term  cannot  exceed  75%  (major  part)  of  the
estimated  useful  life  of  the  leased  asset.  the  average  estimated  useful  life  of  the  fuel  cells  is  10  years,  and  the
average estimated useful life of the hydrogen infrastructure is 20 years.  these estimated useful lives are compared
to the term of each lease to determine the appropriate lease classification.

(iv)

Fuel delivered to Customers

Revenue  associated  with  fuel  delivered  to  customers  represents  the  sale  of  hydrogen  to  customers  that  has  been
purchased by the Company from a third party or generated on site. the stand-alone selling price is not estimated because it is sold
separately and therefore directly observable.

the  Company  purchases  hydrogen  fuel  from  suppliers  in  most  cases  (and  sometimes  produces  hydrogen  onsite)  and
sells to its customers.  Revenue and cost of revenue related to this fuel is recorded as dispensed and is included in the respective
“Fuel delivered to customers” lines on the consolidated statements of operations.

Contract costs

the Company expects that incremental commission fees paid to employees as a result of obtaining sales contracts are

recoverable and therefore the Company capitalizes them as contract costs.

Capitalized commission fees are amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of time which the transfer of goods or
services to which the assets relate occur, typically ranging from 5 to 10 years. amortization of the capitalized commission fees is
included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

the Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization
period of the assets that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. these costs are included in selling,
general and administrative expenses.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and PPA Executory Contract Considerations

we evaluate long-lived assets on a quarterly basis to identify events or changes in circumstances (“triggering events”)
that indicate the carrying value of certain assets may not be recoverable.  long-lived assets that we evaluate include right of use
lease assets, equipment deployed to our PPas, assets related primarily to our fuel delivery business and other company owned
long-lived assets.  

upon  the  occurrence  of  a  triggering  event,  long-lived  assets  are  evaluated  to  determine  if  the  carrying  amounts  are
recoverable.  the determination of recoverability is made based upon the estimated undiscounted future net cash flows of assets
grouped  at  the  lowest  level  for  which  there  are  identifiable  cash  flows  independent  of  the  cash  flows  of  other  groups.    For
operating assets, the Company has generally determined that the lowest level of identifiable cash flows is based on the customer
sites.  the assets related primarily to our fuel delivery business are considered to be their own asset group.  the cash flows are
estimated based on the remaining useful life of the primary asset within the asset group.  

For assets related to our PPa agreements, we consider all underlying cash inflows related to our contract revenues and
cash outflows relating to the costs incurred to service the PPas.  our cash flow estimates used in the recoverability test, are based
upon, among other things, historical results adjusted to reflect our best estimate of future cash flows and operating performance.
 development  of  future  cash  flows  also  requires  us  to  make  assumptions  and  to  apply  judgment,  including  timing  of  future
expected cash flows, future cost savings initiatives, and determining recovery values.  Changes to our key assumptions related to
future  performance  and  other  economic  and  market  factors  could  adversely  affect  the  outcome  of  our  recoverability  tests  and
cause more asset groups to be tested for impairment.      

if  the  estimated  undiscounted  future  net  cash  flows  for  a  given  asset  group  are  less  than  the  carrying  amount  of  the
related asset group, an impairment loss is determined by comparing the estimated fair value with the carrying amount of the asset
group. the impairment loss is then allocated to the long-lived assets in the asset group based on the asset’s

61

table of Contents

relative  carrying  amounts.  however,  assets  are  not  impaired  below  their  then  estimated  fair  values.    Fair  value  is  generally
determined through various valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values and third-party
independent appraisals, as well as year-over-year trends in pricing of our new equipment and overall evaluation of our industry
and market, as considered necessary.  the Company considers these indicators with certain of its own internal indices and metrics
in determining fair value in light of the nascent state of the Company’s market and industry.  the estimate of fair value represents
our best estimates of these factors and is subject to variability.  Changes to our key assumptions related to future performance and
other economic and market factors could adversely affect our impairment evaluation.

the Company has determined that the assets deployed for certain PPa arrangements are not recoverable based on the
undiscounted estimated future cash flows of the asset group. however, the estimated fair value of the assets in the asset group
equal or exceed the carrying amount of the assets or otherwise limit the amount of impairment that would have been recognized.
the Company has identified the primary source of the losses as the maintenance components of the PPa arrangements and the
impact of customer warrant non-cash provisions. as the PPa arrangements are considered to be executory contracts and there is
no  specific  accounting  guidance  that  permits  loss  recognition  for  these  revenue  contracts,  the  Company  has  not  recognized  a
provision  for  the  expected  future  losses  under  these  revenue  arrangements.  the  Company  expects  that  it  will  recognize  future
losses  for  these  arrangements  as  it  continues  its  efforts  to  reduce  costs  of  delivering  the  maintenance  component  of  these
arrangements.  the  Company  has  estimated  total  future  revenues  and  costs  for  these  types  of  arrangements  based  on  existing
contracts  and  leverage  of  the  related  assets.  For  the  future  estimates,  the  Company  used  service  cost  estimates  for  extended
maintenance contracts and customer warrant provisions at rates consistent with experience to date. the terms for the underlying
estimates  vary  but  the  average  residual  term  on  the  existing  contracts  is  5  years.  Based  on  the  future  estimates  with  these
assumptions, the losses could approximate $120 million.  this estimate includes $75 million in non-cash charges for depreciation
and provision for customer warrants. actual results could be significantly different than these estimates.  

Extended Maintenance Contracts

on a quarterly basis, we evaluate any potential losses related to our extended maintenance contracts for fuel cell systems
and  related  infrastructure  that  has  been  sold.  we  measure  impairment  losses  at  the  customer  contract  level.  the  expected
revenues and expenses for these contracts include all applicable expected costs of providing services over the remaining term of
the contracts and the related unearned net revenue. a loss is recognized if the sum of expected costs of providing services under
the  contract  exceeds  related  unearned  net  revenue  and  is  recorded  as  a  provision  for  loss  contracts  related  to  service  in  the
consolidated statement of operations. a key component of these estimates is the expected future service costs. in estimating the
expected future costs, the Company considers its current service cost level and applies significant judgment related to expected
cost  saving  initiatives.  the  expected  future  cost  savings  will  be  primarily  dependent  upon  the  success  of  the  Company’s
initiatives related to increasing stack life, achieving better economies of scale for service labor, and improvements in design and
operations  of  infrastructure.  if  the  expected  cost  saving  initiatives  are  not  realized,  this  will  increase  the  costs  of  providing
services and could adversely affect our estimated contract loss accrual. if actual service costs over the remaining term of existing
extended maintenance contracts are 10% more than estimated in the determination of the loss accrual for fuel cell systems and
related infrastructure at december 31, 2020, the loss accrual would have been approximately $7.1 million higher.

the  following  table  shows  the  rollforward  of  balance  in  the  accrual  for  loss  contracts,  including  changes  due  to  the

passage of time, additions and changes in estimates (in thousands):

Beginning Balance
Provision (benefit) for loss accrual
Released to Service Cost of Sales
Released to Provision for warrants
ending Balance

Equity Instruments  

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

(as restated)

December 31, 2018

(as restated)

$

$

3,702
35,473
(2,348)
(12,814)
24,013

$

$

5,345
(394)
(1,249)
 —
3,702

$

$

 —
5,345
 —
 —
5,345

Common stock warrants that meet certain applicable requirements of aSC Subtopic 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging –
Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity, and other related guidance, including the ability of the Company to settle the warrants without
the issuance of registered shares or the absence of rights of the grantee to require cash settlement, are

62

table of Contents

accounted  for  as  equity  instruments.  the  Company  classifies  these  equity  instruments  within  additional  paid-in  capital  on  the
consolidated balance sheets.

Common stock warrants accounted for as equity instruments represent the warrants issued to amazon and walmart as
discussed in note 18, “warrant transaction agreements.” the Company adopted FaSB accounting Standards update 2019-08,
Compensation  –  Stock  Compensation  (topic  718)  and  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (topic  606)  (aSu  2019-08),
which  requires  entities  to  measure  and  classify  share-based  payment  awards  granted  to  a  customer  by  applying  the  guidance
under topic 718, as of January 1, 2019.

in order to calculate warrant charges, the Company used the Black-Scholes pricing model, which required key inputs
including volatility and risk-free interest rate and certain unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, requiring
the  Company  to  develop  its  own  assumptions.  the  Company  estimated  the  fair  value  of  unvested  warrants,  considered  to  be
probable of vesting, at the time. Based on that estimated fair value, the Company determined warrant charges, which are recorded
as a reduction of revenue in the consolidated statement of operations.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

in  June  2016,  aSu  2016-13,  Financial  instruments  –  Credit  losses  (topic  326):  Measurement  of  Credit  losses  on
Financial  instruments,  was  issued.  also,  in  april  2019,  accounting  Standards  update  (aSu)  2019-04,  Codification
improvements  to  topic  326,  Financial  instruments  –  Credit  losses,  topic  815,  derivatives  and  hedging,  and  topic  825,
Financial instruments, was issued to make improvements to updates 2016-01, Financial instruments – overall (Subtopic 825-10),
2016-13, Financial instruments – Credit losses (topic 326) and 2017-12, derivatives and hedging (topic 815). aSu 2016-13
significantly  changes  how  entities  account  for  credit  losses  for  financial  assets  and  certain  other  instruments,  including  trade
receivables and contract assets, that are not measured at fair value through net income. the aSu requires a number of changes to
the  assessment  of  credit  losses,  including  the  utilization  of  an  expected  credit  loss  model,  which  requires  consideration  of  a
broader  range  of  information  to  estimate  expected  credit  losses  over  the  entire  lifetime  of  the  asset,  including  losses  where
probability  is  considered  remote.  additionally,  the  standard  requires  the  estimation  of  lifetime  expected  losses  for  trade
receivables and contract assets that are classified as current. the Company adopted these standards effective January 1, 2020 and
determined the impact of the standards to be immaterial to the consolidated financial statements.

in January 2017, aSu 2017-04, intangibles – Goodwill and other (topic 350), was issued to simplify how an entity is
required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Step 2 measures a goodwill
impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill.
the Company adopted this standard effective January 1, 2020 and determined there to be no impact to the consolidated financial
statements.

Recently Issued and Not Yet Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

in august 2020, the FaSB issued aSu 2020-06, debt - debt with Conversion and other options (Subtopic 470-20) and
derivatives  and  hedging  –  Contracts  in  entity's  own  equity  (Subtopic  815-40):  accounting  for  Convertible  instruments  and
Contracts in an entity's own equity (“aSu 2020-06”). this aSu simplifies the complexity associated with applying GaaP for
certain  financial  instruments  with  characteristics  of  liabilities  and  equity.  More  specifically,  the  amendments  focus  on  the
guidance for convertible instruments and derivative scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity. under aSu 2020-06,
the  embedded  conversion  features  are  no  longer  separated  from  the  host  contract  for  convertible  instruments  with  conversion
features that are not required to be accounted for as derivatives under topic 815, or that do not result in substantial premiums
accounted for as paid-in capital. Consequently, a convertible debt instrument, such as the Company’s 3.75% Convertible Senior
notes, will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation
and  recognition  as  derivatives.  the  new  guidance  also  requires  the  if-converted  method  to  be  applied  for  all  convertible
instruments and requires additional disclosures. this guidance is required to be adopted by January 1, 2022, and early adoption is
permitted,  but  no  earlier  than  fiscal  years  beginning  after  december  15,  2020.  the  Company  has  elected  to  early  adopt  this
guidance  on  January  1,  2021  using  the  modified  retrospective  method.  under  this  transition  method,  the  cumulative  effect  of
accounting change removed the impact of recognizing the equity component of the Company’s convertible notes at issuance and
the subsequent accounting  impact  of additional  interest  expense from debt discount amortization.  the cumulative  effect  of the
accounting change

63

table of Contents

upon adoption on January 1, 2021 increased the carrying amount of the convertible notes by $120.7 million, reduced accumulated
deficit by $9.5 million and reduced additional paid-in capital by $130.2 million. Future interest expense of the convertible notes
will be lower as a result of adoption of this guidance and net loss per share will be computed using the if-converted method for
convertible instruments.

in  March  2020,  aSu  2020-04,  Reference  Rate  Reform  (topic  848):  Facilitation  of  the  effects  of  Reference  Rate
Reform on Financial Reporting, was issued to provide temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the GaaP guidance on
contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens related to the expected market transition from
the  london  interbank  offered  Rate  (liBoR)  and  other  interbank  offered  rates  to  alternative  reference  rates.  this  update  was
effective  starting  March  12,  2020  and  the  Company  may  elect  to  apply  the  amendments  prospectively  through  december  31,
2022. the adoption of this standard does not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

in  March  2020,  aSu  2020-03,  Codification  improvements  to  Financial  instruments,  was  issued  to  make  various
codification  improvements  to  financial  instruments  to  make  the  standards  easier  to  understand  and  apply  by  eliminating
inconsistencies and providing clarifications. this update will be effective at various dates beginning with date of issuance of this
aSu. the adoption of this standard does not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

in december 2019, aSu 2019-12, Simplifying the accounting for income taxes, was issued to identify, evaluate, and
improve  areas  of  GaaP  for  which  cost  and  complexity  can  be  reduced  while  maintaining  or  improving  the  usefulness  of  the
information  provided  to  users  of  financial  statements.  this  update  will  be  effective  beginning  after  december  15,  2020.  the
adoption of this standard does not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

From time to time, we may invest our cash in government, government backed and interest-bearing investment-grade
securities that we generally hold for the duration of the term of the respective instrument. we do not utilize derivative financial
instruments,  derivative  commodity  instruments  or  other  market  risk  sensitive  instruments,  positions  or  transactions  in  any
material fashion, except for the Capped Call purchased in May 2020, and March 2018, respectively, related to the issuance of the
3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  and  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes.  additionally,  the  Company  purchased  a  Common  Stock
forward in March 2018 in conjunction with the issuance of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes. that Common Stock Forward was
extended upon issuance of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes. we are not subject to any material risks arising from changes in
interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, equity prices or other market changes that affect market risk
sensitive instruments.

our exposure to changes in foreign currency rates is primarily related to sourcing inventory from foreign locations and
operations  of  hyPulsion,  S.a.S.,  our  French  subsidiary  that  develops  and  sells  hydrogen  fuel  cell  systems  for  the  european
material handling market. this practice can give rise to foreign exchange risk resulting from the varying cost of inventory to the
receiving  location.  the  Company  reviews  the  level  of  foreign  content  as  part  of  its  ongoing  evaluation  of  overall  sourcing
strategies  and  considers  the  exposure  to  be  not  significant.  our  hyPulsion  exposure  presently  is  mitigated  by  low  levels  of
operations and its sourcing is primarily intercompany in nature and denominated in u.S. dollars.

Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related notes, together with the report of independent registered
public accounting firm, appear at pages F-1 through F-83 of this annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended december 31,
2020 and are incorporated by reference in this item 8.

Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

none.

64

table of Contents

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

we maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our
reports that we file or submit under the exchange act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods
specified in SeC rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our
Chief  executive  officer  (our  principal  executive  officer)  and  Chief  Financial  officer  (our  principal  financial  officer)  as
appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

our  management,  with  the  participation  of  our  Chief  executive  officer  and  Chief  Financial  officer,  has  evaluated  the
effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the exchange act), as
of december 31, 2020. Based on such evaluation, our Chief executive officer and Chief Financial officer have concluded that as
of december 31, 2020, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective  because of the material  weakness in internal
control over financial reporting described below.

notwithstanding such material weakness in internal control over financial reporting, our management, including our Chief
executive  officer  and Chief Financial  officer,  has concluded  that  our consolidated  financial  statements  as of and for the year
ended  december  31,  2020  and  our  restated  consolidated  balance  sheets  as  of  december  31, 2019  and  the  related  consolidated
statements  of  operations  and  consolidated  statements  of  cash  flows  for  the  fiscal  years  ended  december  31,  2019  and  2018,
present  fairly,  in  all  material  respects,  our  financial  position,  results  of  our  operations  and  our  cash  flows  for  the  periods
presented in this annual Report on Form 10-K, in conformity with GaaP.

(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined
in  Rules  13a-15(f)  and  15d-15(f)  under  the  exchange  act).  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  includes  controls  and
procedures  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of
financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with GaaP.

the Company’s management, with the participation of our Chief executive officer and Chief Financial officer, under the
oversight  of  our  Board,  conducted  an  evaluation  of  the  effectiveness  of  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of
december 31, 2020, based on the criteria established in internal Control -- integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee
of  Sponsoring  organizations  of  the  treadway  Commission.  the  Company  acquired  Giner  elX  and  uhG  (together,  the
“acquired  Companies”)  during  2020,  and  management  excluded  from  its  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s
internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  december  31,  2020,  the  acquired  Companies’  internal  control  over  financial
reporting  associated  with  total  assets  of  $58.0  million,  excluding  goodwill  and  intangible  assets  of  $94.9  million  and  total
revenues of $7.8 million included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended december
31, 2020. Based on such evaluation, management concluded that, as of december 31, 2020, our internal control over financial
reporting was not effective because of the material weakness described below.

a  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  includes  those  policies  and  procedures  that  (1)  pertain  to  the
maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the
company;  (2)  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of  financial
statements in accordance with GaaP, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with
authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely
detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.

a material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that
there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or
detected on a timely basis.  

Management identified the following deficiency in internal control over financial reporting as of december 31, 2020: the
Company  did  not  maintain  a  sufficient  complement  of  trained,  knowledgeable  resources  to  execute  its  responsibilities  with
respect to internal control over financial reporting for certain financial statement accounts and

65

table of Contents

disclosures. as a consequence, the Company did not conduct an effective risk assessment process that was responsive to changes
in  the  Company's  operating  environment  and  did  not  design  and  implement  effective  process-level  controls  activities  in  the
following areas:

(a) presentation of operating expenses;

(b) accounting for lease-related transactions;

(c)

identification and evaluation of impairment, accrual for loss contracts, certain expense accruals, and deemed dividends;
and

(d)

timely identification of adjustments to physical inventory in interim periods.

Certain  of  these  deficiencies  resulted  in  material  misstatements  that  were  identified  and  corrected  in  the  consolidated
financial statements as of and for each of the three years in the period ended december 31, 2020 and other historical periods, as
further  described  in  note  2,  “Restatement  of  Previously  issued  Consolidated  Financial  Statements,”  and  note  3,  “unaudited
Quarterly  Financial  data  and  Restatement  of  Previously  issued  unaudited  interim  Condensed  Consolidated  Financial
Statements,” to the consolidated financial statements. Because there is a reasonable possibility that material misstatement of the
consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis, we concluded the deficiency represents a
material  weakness  in  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  and  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  was  not
effective as of december 31, 2020.

the  Company’s  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm,  KPMG  llP,  who  audited  the  consolidated  financial
statements  included  in  this  annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  issued  an  adverse  opinion  on  the  effectiveness  of  the  Company’s
internal control over financial reporting. KPMG llP’s report appears on page F-2 of this annual Report on Form 10-K.

Remediation Activities

we  take  this  material  weakness  seriously.  we  have  already  taken  steps  to  remediate  this  material  weakness  and  will

continue to take further steps until such remediation is complete.  these steps include the following:

a) hiring additional resources, including third-party resources, with the appropriate technical accounting expertise, and
strengthening internal training, to assist us in identifying and addressing any complex technical accounting issues that
affect our consolidated financial statements.

b) we will design and implement a comprehensive and continuous risk assessment process to identify and assess risks of
material misstatements and ensure that the impacted financial reporting processes and related internal controls are
properly designed, maintained, and documented to respond to those risks in our financial reporting.

c) we will implement more structured analysis and review procedures and documentation for the application of GaaP,

complex accounting matters, and key accounting policies.  

d) we  will  augment  our  current  estimation  policies  and  procedures  to  be  more  robust  and  in-line  with  overall  market
dynamics including an evaluation of our operating environment in order to ensure operating effectiveness of certain
process-level control activities.

e) we  also  intend  to  deploy  new  tools  and  tracking  mechanisms  to  help  enhance  and  maintain  the  appropriate

documentation surrounding our classification of operating expenses.

f) we will report regularly to the Company’s audit Committee on the progress and results of the remediation plan,

including the identification, status, and resolution of internal control deficiencies.

as  we  work  to  improve  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  we  may  modify  our  remediation  plan  and  may
implement additional measures as we continue to review, optimize and enhance our financial reporting controls and procedures in
the ordinary course. the material weakness will not be considered remediated until the remediated controls have been operating
for a sufficient period of time and can be evidenced through testing that they are operating effectively.

66

table of Contents

(c) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

exclusive  of  the  steps  taken  in  remediation  activities,  there  were  no  changes  in  the  Company’s  internal  control  over
financial  reporting  (as  defined  in  Rules  13a-15(f)  and  15d-15(f)  under  the  exchange  act)  occurred  during  the  quarter  ended
december 31, 2020 that has materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over
financial reporting.

Item 9B. Other Information

on  May  13,  2021,  the  Board  amended  and  restated  the  Company’s  third  amended  and  Restated  Bylaws  in  order  to
clarify  and  update  certain  provisions  as  well  as  to  (i)  expressly  provide  for  virtual  stockholder  meetings  by  remote
communication  (article  i,  Section  4),  (ii)  eliminate  the  requirement  to  provide  notice  of  any  adjourned  meeting  of  the  Board
(article ii, Section 9), (iii) provide that shares of all classes or series of the Company’s stock may be uncertificated (article iV,
Section  1),  and  (iv)  designate  the  federal  district  courts  of  the  united  States  of  america  as  the  exclusive  jurisdiction  for  any
litigation  arising  under  the  Securities  act  (article  Vi,  Section  8).    the  Board  approved  the  amended  and  Restated  Bylaws,
among other reasons, to align them with current governance practices and, in respect of the exclusive federal forum provision, in
order  to  seek  to  reduce  any  potential  expenses  that  the  Company  may  incur  in  connection  with  any  actions  or  proceedings  by
seeking to avoid the Company being required to defend any such potential actions or proceedings in multiple jurisdictions and in
parallel proceedings in federal and state courts simultaneously.

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

PART III

Directors

Set forth below is certain information regarding the directors of the Company as of april 28, 2021.  the biographies of
each  of  the  directors  below  contains  information  regarding  the  person’s  service  as  a  director,  business  experience,  director
positions  held  currently  or  at  any  time  during  the  last  five  years,  and  information  regarding  the  experiences,  qualifications,
attributes or skills that caused the Corporate Governance and nominating Committee and the Board to determine that the person
should serve as a director.

67

table of Contents

Class I Directors

Andrew J. Marsh
Age: 65

Director since 2008

Board Committee:
None

Class I Director:
Continuing in office
until the 2021 annual
meeting

andy Marsh joined the Company as President and Chief executive officer in april 2008 and has
been our director since 2008.  as President and Chief executive officer, Mr. Marsh plans and
directs  all  aspects  of  the  organization’s  policies  and  objectives,  and  is  focused  on  building  a
company  that  leverages  Plug  Power’s  combination  of  technological  expertise,  talented  people
and focus on sales growth to continue the Company’s leadership stance in the future alternative
energy  economy.  Mr.  Marsh  continues  to  spearhead  hydrogen  fuel  cell  innovations,  and  his
ability to drive revenue growth landed Plug Power on deloitte’s technology Fast 500tM list in
2015 and 2016.

Previously,  Mr.  Marsh  was  a  co-founder  of  Valere  Power,  where  he  served  as  chief  executive
officer and board member from the company’s inception in 2001, through its sale to eltek aSa
in  2007.  under  his  leadership,  Valere  grew  into  a  profitable  global  operation  with  over  200
employees  and  $90  million  in  revenue  derived  from  the  sale  of  dC  power  products  to  the
telecommunications  sector.  during  Mr.  Marsh’s  tenure,  Valere  Power  received  many  awards
such  as  the  tech  titan  award  as  the  fastest  growing  technology  company  in  the  dallas  Fort
worth area and the Red herring top 100 innovator award. Prior to founding Valere, he spent
almost  18  years  with  lucent  Bell  laboratories  in  a  variety  of  sales  and  technical  management
positions.

Mr. Marsh is a prominent voice leading the hydrogen and fuel cell industry. nationally, he is the
Chairman of the Fuel Cell and hydrogen energy association, and is a member of the hydrogen
and Fuel Cell tactical advisory Committee (“htaC”). htaC has the important responsibility
to  provide  advice  to  the  department  of  energy  regarding  its  hydrogen  and  fuel  cell  program
goals, strategies, and activities. internationally, Mr. Marsh represents Plug Power in their role as
supporting members of the hydrogen Council, a global initiative of leading energy, transport and
industry  companies  with  a  united  vision  and  long-term  ambition  for  hydrogen  to  foster  the
energy transition. Mr. Marsh holds an MSee from duke university and an MBa from SMu.

we believe Mr. Marsh’s qualifications to sit on our Board include his extensive experience with
the alternative energy industry, as well as his experience in management positions.

Gary K. Willis
Age: 75

Director since 2003

Board Committees:
Audit and
Compensation

Class I Director:
Continuing in office
until the 2021 annual
meeting

Gary K. willis has been a director of the Company since 2003. Mr. willis previously served as
the  President  of  the  Zygo  Corporation  (“Zygo”)  from  February  1992  to  1999  and  the  Chief
executive  officer  from  1993  to  1999.    Mr.  willis  served  as  a  director  of  Zygo  from  1992  to
november  2000,  including  as  Chairman  of  the  Board  from  1998  to  2000.    Zygo,  which  was
acquired  in  2014  by  ametek,  inc.,  was  a  provider  of  metrology,  optics,  optical  assembly,  and
systems  solutions  to  the  semiconductor,  optical  manufacturing,  and  industrial/automotive
markets.   Prior to joining Zygo, Mr. willis served as the President and Chief executive officer
of  the  Foxboro  Company,  a  manufacturer  of  process  control  instruments  and  systems.
Mr.  willis  holds  a  Bachelor  of  Science  degree  in  Mechanical  engineering  from  worcester
Polytechnic institute.

we  believe  Mr.  willis’  qualifications  to  sit  on  our  Board  include  his  extensive  experience  in
management  and  director  positions  with  similar  companies,  as  well  as  his  educational
background in mechanical engineering.

68

table of Contents

Maureen O. Helmer
Age: 64

Director since 2004

Board Committees:
Audit and Corporate
Governance and
Nominating

Class I Director:
Continuing in office
until the 2021 annual
meeting

 Prior  to  joining  Barclay  damon,

Maureen o. helmer has been a director of the Company since 2004. Ms. helmer is currently a
member of the law firm Barclay damon, llP and is a senior member  of the firm’s energy and
telecommunications  Regulatory  Practice  area.
 llP,
Ms. helmer was a member of Green & Seifter attorneys, PllC. From 2003 through 2006, she
practiced  as  a  partner  in  the  law  firm  of  Couch  white,  llP  and  then  as  a  solo  practitioner.
Ms. helmer has advised international energy, telecommunications  and industrial companies on
policy  and  government  affairs  issues.  in  addition  to  serving  as  Chair  of  the  new  York  State
Public Service Commission (“PSC”) from 1998 to 2003, Ms. helmer also served as Chair of the
new  York  State  Board  on  electric  Generation  Siting  and  the  environment.  Prior  to  her
appointment as Chair, Ms. helmer served as Commissioner of the PSC from 1997 until 1998 and
was  General  Counsel  to  PSC  from  1995  through  1997.  From  1984  through  1995,  Ms.  helmer
held  several  positions  in  the  new  York  legislature,  including  Counsel  to  the  Senate  energy
Committee.  She  also  served  as  a  board  member  of  the  new  York  State  energy  Research  and
development  authority,  the  new  York  State  environmental  Board  and  the  new  York  State
disaster Preparedness Commission during her tenure as Chair of the PSC. in addition, she was
Vice  Chair  of  the  electricity  Committee  of  the  national  association  of  Regulatory  utility
Commissioners  and  a  member  of  the  naRuC  Board  of  directors.  She  was  also  appointed  to
serve as a member of the new York State Cyber-Security task Force. She formerly served as a
board  member  of  the  Center  for  internet  Security,  the  Center  for  economic  Growth,  and  new
York women in Communications and energy. Ms. helmer earned her Bachelor of Science from
the  State  university  at  albany  and  her  Juris  doctorate  from  the  university  of  Buffalo  law
school. She is admitted to practice law in new York.

we  believe  Ms.  helmer’s  qualifications  to  sit  on  our  Board  include  her  long  history  of
experience  with  energy  regulation,  policy  and  government  affairs  and  advising  energy  and
industrial companies.

69

table of Contents

Class II Directors

George C. McNamee
Chairman

Age: 74

Director since 1997

Board Committee:
Compensation

Class II Director:
Continuing in office
until the 2025 annual
meeting

Johannes M. Roth
Age: 42

Director since 2013

Board Committees:
Compensation and
Corporate
Governance and
Nominating

Class II Director:
Continuing in office
until the 2025 annual
meeting

George C. Mcnamee serves as Chairman of the Company’s Board of directors and has served as
such since 1997. he was previously Chairman of First albany Companies inc. (now GlCh) and
a Managing Partner of Fa tech Ventures, an information and energy technology venture capital
firm.  as  an  executive  and  director  of  numerous  companies,  Mr.  Mcnamee  has  navigated
technological change, rapid- growth, crisis management, team building and strategy. as a public
company  director,  Mr.  Mcnamee  has  led  board  special  committees,  chaired  audit  committees,
chaired three boards and has been an active lead director. Mr. Mcnamee has previously served
on several public company boards, including the boards of Mechanical technology inc. and the
home Shopping network. he has been an early stage investor, director and mentor for private
companies that subsequently went public including Mapinfo (now Pitney Bowes), Meta Group
(now Gartner Group) and iRobot Corporation, where he served as a director from 1999 to 2016
and as lead director for the last 11 of those years. in 2011, Mr. Mcnamee was the first history
major awarded the Yale Science and engineering association distinguished Service award. he
served as a nYSe director from 1999 to 2004 and chaired its foundation. in the aftermath of the
1987 stock market crash, he chaired the Group of thirty Committee to reform the Clearance and
Settlement System. Mr. Mcnamee has been active as a director or trustee of civic organizations
including  the  albany  academies  and  albany  Medical  Center,  whose  Finance  Committee  he
chaired for 12 years. he is also a director of several private companies, a Sterling Fellow of Yale
university  and  a  trustee  of  the  american  Friends  of  eton  College.  he  conceived  and  co-
authored a book on the Chicago Conspiracy trial. he received his Bachelor of arts degree from
Yale university.

we believe Mr. Mcnamee’s qualifications to sit on our Board include his experience serving on
technology company boards, his background in investment banking, which has given him broad
exposure to many financing and merger and acquisition issues, and experience with the financial
sector and its regulatory bodies.

Johannes M. Roth has been a director of the Company since april 2013. Mr. Roth is the founder
of and, since 2006, has been Managing director and Chairman of Fivet Capital holding aG, an
investment  holding  company  based  in  Switzerland  with  businesses  specializing  in  asset
management,  risk  management  and  alternative  investments.  Since  2006,  Mr.  Roth  has  been  a
board member of Fivet Capital aG, Zürich, Switzerland, which advises several long-only funds
and  operates  an  asset  management  business  for  high  net-worth  individuals.  Mr.  Roth  earned  a
master’s degree in Management and economics from the university of hohenheim.  

we  believe  Mr.  Roth’s  qualifications  to  sit  on  our  Board  include  his  background  in  financial
investments, financial and risk management and equity capital markets as well as his experience
in management positions.

70

table of Contents

Gregory L. Kenausis
Age: 51

Director since 2013

Board Committee:
Audit

Class III Director:
Continuing in office
until the 2025 annual
meeting

Class III Directors
Kyungyeol Song
Age: 48

Director since 2021

Board Committee:
None

Class III Director:
Continuing in office
until the 2023 annual
meeting

Kimberly A. Harriman
Age: 48

Director since 2021

Board Committee:
Audit

Class III Director:
Continuing in office
until the 2023 annual
meeting

Gregory l. Kenausis has been a director of the Company since october 2013. dr. Kenausis is the
founding partner and since 2005 has been the Chief investment officer of Grand haven Capital
aG, an investment firm, where he is the head of research and trading activity and is responsible
for managing the fund’s operations and structure.  he also has worked extensively as a business
consultant  with  a  focus  on  business  development  and  strategy,  as  well  as  valuation.    dr.
Kenausis  earned  a  bachelor’s  degree  from  Yale  university  and  a  doctoral  degree  from  the
university of texas at austin.

we believe dr. Kenausis’ qualifications to sit on our Board include his background and senior
level experience in financial investments, business development and strategy, management and
equity capital markets.

Kyungyeol Song has been a director of the Company since February 2021.  Mr. Song is the head
of Quantum Growth tF at SK e&S.  Prior to his current position, Mr. Song served as the Senior
Vice President in energy Solution tF at SK e&S from February 2019 until august 2020.  Mr.
Song has also served as the director of the McKinsey energy Center from February 2007 until
december 2018.  Mr. Song received a Ph.d. in Control and estimation theory, aeronautics and
astronautics from the Massachusetts institute of technology, a Master of Science in aerospace
engineering  from  Seoul  national  university,  and  a  Bachelor  of  Science  degree  in  aerospace
engineering from Seoul national university.  

we believe Mr. Song’s qualifications to sit on our Board include his extensive experience with
the renewable energy industry.

Kimberly a. harriman has served as a director of the Company since February 2021. Since 2020,
Ms. harriman is the Vice President of State Government Relations & Public affairs at avangrid,
inc., a nYSe-listed energy provider operating in 24 states.  Prior to joining avangrid, from 2016
to  december  2020,  Ms.  harriman  served  as  Senior  Vice  President,  Public  and  Regulatory
affairs, for new York Power authority, the largest public utility in the united States. Previously
Ms. harriman was General Counsel for the new York State department of Public Service from
2014  to  July  2016.    Ms.  harriman  received  a  J.d.  from  the  albany  law  School  of  union
university  and  a  Bachelor  of  arts  degree  in  Political  Science  and  economics  from  Siena
College.  

we believe Ms. harriman’s qualifications to sit on our Board include her extensive experience in
the energy industry, including her experience with major energy policy initiatives in new York
for the past 20 years.

71

table of Contents

Lucas P. Schneider
Age: 52

Director since 2017

Board Committee:
Corporate
Governance and
Nominating

Class III Director:
Continuing in office
until the 2023 annual
meeting

Jonathan Silver
Age: 63

Director since 2018

Board Committee:
Corporate
Governance and
Nominating

Class III Director:
Continuing in office
until the 2023 annual
meeting

lucas P. Schneider has served as a director of the Company since March 2017. Mr. Schneider is
the  Chief  executive  officer  of  Refraction  ai,  an  autonomous  last-mile  delivery  as  a  service
company.    Prior  to  his  current  role,  Mr.  Schneider  was  the  Chief  operating  officer  of  wejo,
ltd.,  an  early-stage  connected  vehicle  data  marketplace  company  from  2019  to  2020.
 Mr.  Schneider  also  served  as  the  Chief  executive  officer  of  Silvercar,  an  austin,  tX-based
start-up  that  focuses  on the rental  car  space  and other  vehicle  mobility  applications  from  2012
until  december  2018.    in  2017,  Silvercar  was  acquired  by  audi  aG.    Prior  to  Silvercar,
Mr.  Schneider  was  the  Chief  technology  officer  of  Zipcar.  he  served  at  Flexcar  as  Chief
technology officer and Vice President of Strategy. he has also held various positions with Ford.
Mr.  Schneider  received  a  Master  of  Business  administration,  specializing  in  operations  and
Strategy from the tepper School of Business at Carnegie Mellon university and a Bachelor of
Science degree in Mechanical engineering from university of texas at austin.

we believe Mr. Schneider’s qualifications to sit on our Board include his extensive experience in
helping  guide  companies,  ranging  from  start-ups  to  large  enterprises,  through  major  business
milestones including iPos, mergers, acquisitions, and product development.

Jonathan Silver has served as a director of the Company since June 2018. he is a Senior advisor
to  Guggenheim  Partners,  a  large  asset  manager  and  investment  bank,  where  he  works  with  a
wide array of the firm’s clean energy and sustainability clients. Mr. Silver is considered one of
the  nation’s  leading  clean  economy  investors  and  advisors,.  From  2009-2011,  he  led  both  the
federal government’s $40 billion clean energy investment fund and its $20 billion fund focused
on advanced vehicle technology. From 2011-2018, he was a Senior advisor to iCF, one of the
country’s  largest  energy  and  environmental  consulting  firms,    nextera,  the  nation’s  largest
energy provider, and Marathon Capital, a leading power industry-focused investment bank. From
2015-2019, Mr. Silver served as the Managing Partner of tax equity advisors llC, an advisory
firm managing investments in solar power projects on behalf of large corporations. he currently
sits on the boards of national Grid (nGG:nSYe), a global utility, the Peridot Special Purpose
acquisition  Corporation  and  intellihot,  a  leading  player  in  the  tankless  water  heating  sector.
earlier, he served on the board of eemax and Sol Systems. From 1999-2008, Mr. Silver was the
co-founder of Core Capital Partners, a successful venture capital investor in battery technology,
advanced  manufacturing,  telecommunications  and  software.  From  1990  to  1992,  he  was  a
Managing director, and the Chief operating officer of tiger Management, one of the country's
largest and most successful hedge funds. he has also held senior operating positions, including
chief operating officer and executive vice president, in several companies. Mr. Silver began his
career  in  1982  at  McKinsey  and  Company,  a  global  management  consulting  firm,  working  on
strategic issues for some of the nation’s largest financial institutions and corporations. Mr. Silver
has  served  as  a  senior  advisor  to  three  u.S.  Cabinet  Secretaries:  Commerce  (1992  to  1993),
interior  (1993  to  1995)  and  treasury  (1992  to  1994).  he  is  on  the  board  of  Resources  for  the
Future  and has been on the boards of the american  Federation  of Scientists,  the wind energy
Foundation and american Forests.

we believe Mr. Silver’s qualifications to sit on our Board include his extensive experience with
the alternative energy industry.

Investor Agreement

Pursuant  to  the  investor  agreement  described  under  Part  iii.  “item  13.  Certain  Relationships  and  Related  Party
transactions, and director independence,” Grove energy Capital llC (“Grove energy”), a subsidiary of SK holdings, is entitled
to designate one person (the “SK designee”) to be appointed to the Board of directors of the Company.  Grove energy has the
right to require the Board to nominate a SK designee for election to the Board by the stockholders of the

72

table of Contents

Company at annual stockholder meetings until the earliest of (i) the date on which Grove energy and affiliates beneficially own
less than 4.0% of our issued and outstanding common stock, (ii) February 24, 2023, in the event that the Company and SK e&S
have not entered into a definitive joint venture agreement with respect to a joint venture in asia (the “asia JV agreement”), and
(iii) any expiration or termination of the asia JV agreement.

Grove energy selected Mr. Song as the SK designee and the Board of directors appointed Mr. Song as a director of the

Company on February 24, 2021.

Executive Officers

the names and ages of all executive officers of the Company and the principal occupation and business experience for

at least the last five years for each are set forth below as of april 28, 2021.

Executive Officers
andrew J. Marsh
Paul B. Middleton
Keith C. Schmid
Gerard l. Conway, Jr.
Sanjay K. Shrestha
Jose luis Crespo
Martin d. hull

Age

Position
65 President, Chief executive officer and director
53 Senior Vice President and Chief Financial officer
58 Senior Vice President and Chief operating officer
56 General Counsel, Corporate Secretary and Senior Vice President
47 Chief Strategy officer
51 Vice President, Global Sales
53 Corporate Controller and Chief accounting officer

Andrew J. Marsh’s biographical information can be found in “directors” above.

Paul B. Middleton joined Plug Power as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial officer in 2014. Prior to Plug Power,
Mr.  Middleton  worked  at  Rogers  Corp.,  a  global  manufacturer  and  distributor  of  specialty  polymer  composite  materials  and
components, from 2001 to 2014. during his tenure at Rogers Corp., Mr. Middleton served in many senior financial leadership
roles, including Corporate Controller and Principal accounting officer, treasurer and interim Chief Financial officer. Prior to
Rogers Corp., Mr. Middleton managed all financial administration for the tools division of Coopers industries from 1997 to 2001.
Mr. Middleton holds a Master of Science in accounting and a BBa from the university of Central Florida. additionally, he is a
Certified Public accountant.

Keith C. Schmid joined Plug Power as Senior Vice President and Chief operating officer in 2013. Mr. Schmid served as
President of SPS Solutions, a power solutions and energy storage consulting firm, from 2011 to 2013. Previously, Mr. Schmid
served  as  Chief  executive  officer  of  Boston-Power  incorporated,  a  provider  of  large  format  lithium  ion  battery  solutions,  in
2011,  and  as  President  and  Chief  executive  officer  of  Power  distribution  incorporated,  a  power  distribution  and  protection
company,  from  2007  to  2010.  in  addition,  Mr.  Schmid  held  the  position  of  General  Manager,  industrial  energy  division-
americas for exide technologies, a multinational lead-acid batteries manufacturing company, from 2001 to 2007. Mr. Schmid
holds  a  Master  of  Science  degree  in  engineering  and  a  Master  in  Business  administration  from  the  university  of  wisconsin-
Madison.

73

table of Contents

Gerard L. Conway, Jr.  has  served  as  General  Counsel  and  Corporate  Secretary  of  Plug  Power  since  September  2004
and, since March 2009, has also served as Senior Vice President of Plug Power. in that capacity, Mr. Conway is responsible for
advising the Company on legal issues such as corporate law, securities, contracts, strategic alliances and intellectual property. he
also  serves  as  the  Compliance  officer  for  securities  matters  affecting  the  Company.  during  his  tenure  at  Plug  Power,
Mr. Conway served as Vice President of Government Relations from 2005 to June 2008 and in that capacity  he advocated  on
energy  issues,  policies,  legislation  and  regulations  on  the  state,  federal,  national  and  international  levels  on  behalf  of  the
Company  and  the  alternative  energy  sector.  Prior  to  his  appointment  to  his  current  position,  Mr.  Conway  served  as  associate
General Counsel and director of Government Relations for the Company beginning in July 2000. Prior to joining Plug Power,
Mr. Conway spent four years as an associate with Featherstonhaugh, Conway, wiley & Clyne, llP, where he concentrated in
government  relations,  business  and  corporate  law.  Mr.  Conway  has  more  than  20  years  of  experience  in  general  business,
corporate  real  estate  and  government  relations.  Mr.  Conway  holds  a  Bachelor  of  arts  degree  in  english  and  Philosophy  from
Colgate university and a Juris doctorate from Boston university School of law.

Sanjay K. Shrestha joined the Company as Chief Strategy officer in 2019. Prior to joining Plug Power, Mr. Shrestha
served as the Chief investment officer of Sky Solar holdings, which owned and operated solar projects in Japan, europe and the
americas, and President of Sky Capital america, which owned and operated solar projects in north and South america, since
2015. under his leadership, Sky Capital america built and acquired over 100Mw of operating solar assets and secured a pipeline
over 100Mw. he also sourced various types of financing solutions to support this growth, including project debt, construction
equity and long-term equity.  Before global solar iPP, he led the renewables investment banking effort at FBR Capital Markets
since  2013.   during 2014,  and  under his  leadership,  the  firm  was ranked  among  the  top  renewable  energy  underwriters  in  the
united States. Prior to joining FBR Capital Markets, Mr. Shrestha was the global head of renewables research coverage at lazard
Capital  Markets.    during  his  tenure  at  lazard  Capital  Markets,  he  was  a  member  of  the  institutional  investor  all  america
Research team and was also ranked as one of the top five stock pickers on a global basis.  Prior to lazard Capital Markets, Mr.
Shrestha was at First albany Capital, where he built the firm’s renewables and industrial research practice. Mr. Shrestha serves as
an  independent  director  on  the  board  of  directors  of  Fusemachines,  an  artificial  intelligence  talent  and  education  solutions
company.   Mr. Shrestha received a Bachelor of Science from the College of Saint Rose. he brings to the Company almost two
decades of experience in the broader clean tech sector.  

Jose Luis Crespo joined the Company as Vice President of Business and international Sales in 2014. he was promoted
to  Vice  President  of  Global  Sales  in  January  of  2015  and  in  2016  he  was  also  named  General  Manager  for  hypulsion,  the
Company’s  wholly  owned  european  subsidiary.  Prior  to  joining  the  Company,  Mr.  Crespo  served  as  Vice  President  of
international Value Stream at Smiths Power, a supplier of power distribution, conditioning, protection and monitoring solutions
for  data  centers,  wireless  communications  and  other  critical  or  high-value  electrical  systems,  from  2009  to  2013.  Mr.  Crespo
holds  a  Master  in  Business  administration  from  the  university  of  Phoenix  and  a  degree  in  telecommunications  engineering
from the engineering university of Madrid, Spain.

Martin D. Hull joined Plug Power as Corporate Controller and Chief accounting officer in april 2015. Prior to that, he
was  a  principal  and  director  with  the  certified  public  accounting  firm  of  Marvin  and  Company,  P.C.  from  november  2012  to
March 2015. Prior to that, Mr. hull was with KPMG llP, serving as partner from october 2004 to September 2012, and has a
total of 24 years of public accounting experience. Mr. hull holds a Bachelor of Business administration with a concentration in
accounting from the university of notre dame.

Risk Management

our Board of directors plays a central role in overseeing and evaluating risk. while it is management’s responsibility to
identify and manage our exposure to risk on a day-to-day basis, the Board routinely discusses these risks with management and
actively oversees our risk-management procedures and protocols. the Board regularly receives reports from senior management
on areas of material risk to the Company, including operational, financial, legal, regulatory and strategic risks. in addition, each
of  the  audit  Committee,  the  Compensation  Committee  and  the  Corporate  Governance  and  nominating  Committee  exercises
oversight and provides guidance relating to the particular risks within the purview of each committee, as well as making periodic
reports to the full Board. the Board and each of these committees regularly discuss with management our major risk exposures,
their potential financial impact on Plug Power and the steps we take to manage them. the audit Committee is responsible for
oversight  of  Company  risks  relating  to  accounting  matters,  financial  reporting  and  legal  and  regulatory  compliance,  while  the
Corporate  Governance  and  nominating  Committee  is  responsible  for  oversight  of  risks  relating  to  management  and  Board
succession planning. the Compensation Committee is responsible for the oversight of risks related to compensation matters.

74

table of Contents

the Chief Financial officer and the General Counsel report to the Board regarding ongoing risk management activities
at  the  regularly  scheduled,  quarterly  Board  meetings  and  may  report  on  risk  management  activities  more  frequently,  as
appropriate.  additionally,  risk  management  is  a  standing  agenda  item  for  the  regularly  scheduled,  quarterly  audit  Committee
meetings.

Board of Directors Leadership Structure

the  positions  of  Chief  executive  officer  and  Chairman  of  the  Board  are  currently  separated,  with  andrew  J.  Marsh
serving  as  our  Chief  executive  officer  since  2008  and  George  C.  Mcnamee  serving  as  Chairman  of  the  Board  since  1997.
Separating these positions allows our Chief executive officer to focus on the Company’s day-to-day business operations, while
allowing  the  Chairman  to  lead  the  Board  in  its  fundamental  role  of  providing  advice  to  and  independent  oversight  of
management.  the  Board  recognizes  the  time,  effort  and  energy  that  the  Chief  executive  officer  is  required  to  devote  to  his
position in the current business environment, as well as the commitment required to serve as our Chairman. while our By-laws
and  corporate  governance  guidelines  do  not  require  that  our  Chairman  and  Chief  executive  officer  positions  be  separate,  the
Board  believes  that  our  current  leadership  structure  is  appropriate  because  it  provides  an  effective  balance  between  strategy
development  and  independent  leadership  and  management  oversight. if  the  position  of  Chairman  is  vacant,  or  if  he  or  she  is
absent, the Chief executive officer will preside, when present, at meetings of stockholders and of the Board of directors.

Committees of the Board of Directors

the  Board  has  established  three  standing  committees:  the  audit  Committee,  the  Compensation  Committee,  and  the

Corporate Governance and nominating Committee.

Audit Committee

our  Board  has  established  an  audit  Committee  of  the  Board  of  directors.    the  members  of  our  audit  Committee
consist of dr. Kenausis (Chair), Mr. willis, and Ms. helmer.  each member of the audit Committee qualifies as an independent
director as defined in the Marketplace Rules of the national association of Securities dealers, inc. (the “naSdaQ Rules”) and
the applicable rules of the SeC.  our Board has determined that dr. Kenausis qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert”
as defined in the applicable rules of the SeC. dr. Kenausis’ designation by our Board as an “audit committee financial expert” is
not intended to be a representation that he is an expert for any purpose as a result of such designation, nor is it intended to impose
on  him  any  duties,  obligations,  or  liability  greater  than  the  duties,  obligations  or  liability  imposed  on  him  as  a  member  of  the
audit Committee and the Board in the absence of such designation.

the  audit  Committee,  among  other  matters,  is  responsible  for  (i)  appointing  the  Company’s  independent  registered
public  accounting  firm,  (ii)  evaluating  such  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm’s  qualifications,  independence  and
performance, (iii) determining the compensation for such independent registered public accounting firm, and (iv) pre-approving
all audit and non-audit services. additionally, the audit Committee is responsible for oversight of the Company’s accounting and
financial reporting processes and the integrated audit of the Company’s financial statements and internal control over financial
reporting,  including  the  work  of  the  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm.  a  more  complete  description  of  the  audit
Committee’s  functions  is  set  forth  in  the  audit  Committee’s  charter  which  is  published  on  the  “investors”  section  of  the
Company’s website at www.plugpower.com.  our website is not incorporated into or a part of this annual Report on Form 10-K.

Compensation Committee

the Compensation Committee consists of Messrs. willis (Chair), Roth and Mcnamee, each of whom is an independent 

director under the naSdaQ Rules. See “Compensation Committee Report” and “Compensation Committee interlocks and 
insider Participation” for a further description of the Compensation Committee and its activities in fiscal year 2020. the 
Compensation Committee’s primary responsibilities include (i) reviewing, prescribing and approving compensation policies, 
plans and programs that are appropriate for the Company in light of all relevant circumstances, that provide incentives to 
achievement of the Company’s goals and objectives, that are consistent with the culture of the Company and that further the 
overall goal of building stockholder value; and (ii) reviewing and approving changes to the Company’s executive officers and 
management team as the Company’s needs and priorities evolve over time. a more complete description of the Compensation 
Committee’s functions is set forth in the 

75

table of Contents

Compensation Committee’s charter which is published on the “investors” section of the Company’s website at
www.plugpower.com. our website is not incorporated into or a part of this annual Report on Form10-K. 

Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee

the Governance Committee consists of Ms. helmer (Chair) and Messrs. Roth, Schneider and Silver, each of whom is an
independent director under the naSdaQ Rules. the Governance Committee’s responsibilities include (i) establishing criteria for
Board and committee  membership,  (ii) considering  director  nominations  consistent  with the requirement  that a majority  of the
Board be comprised of independent directors as defined in the naSdaQ Rules, (iii) identifying individuals qualified to become
Board members, and (iv) selecting the director nominees for election at each annual meeting of stockholders. the Governance
Committee is also responsible for developing and recommending to the Board a set of corporate governance guidelines applicable
to  the  Company  and  periodically  reviewing  such  guidelines  and  recommending  any  changes  thereto.  a  more  complete
description of the Governance Committee’s functions is set forth in the Governance Committee’s charter, which is published on
the “investors” section of the Company’s website at www.plugpower.com.  our website is not incorporated into or a part of this
annual Report on Form 10-K.

Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports

Section 16(a) of the exchange act requires the Company’s officers, as defined by Section 16, directors, and persons or
entities who own more than 10% of a registered class of the Company’s equity securities, to file initial reports of ownership and
reports of changes in ownership with the SeC.  Such persons or entities are required by SeC regulations to furnish the Company
with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file.  to our knowledge, based on our review of the copies of such filings and based
on written representations, we believe that all such persons and entities complied on a timely basis with all Section 16(a) filing
requirements during the fiscal year ended december 31, 2020, except that the following persons or entities filed the following
Form 4s late on the following dates:

● Keith C. Schmid filed a Form 4 on February 24, 2020 disclosing the sale of shares pursuant to a pre-established 10b5-1

trading plan and the exercise of options on February 18, 2020;

●

● andrew J. Marsh, Gerard l. Conway, Jr. and Martin d. hull each filed a Form 4 on February 24, 2020 disclosing the
sale  of  shares  pursuant  to  pre-established  10b5-1  trading  plans  and  the  exercise  of  options  on  February  18, 2020  and
February 19, 2020;
Johannes M. Roth and Fivet Capital holding aG filed Form 4s on april 28, 2020 disclosing the conversion of Series C
Redeemable  Convertible  Preferred  Stock  into  shares  of  common  stock  on  april  16,  2020  and  the  sale  of  shares  of
common  stock  on  april  22,  2020  and  april  23,  2020  by  Five  More  Special  Situations  Fund  ltd.,  which  receives
investment advisory services from a wholly-owned subsidiary of Fivet Capital holding aG, in which entities Mr. Roth
has  equity  interests  and  which  shares  of  common  stock  Mr.  Roth  has  expressly  disclaimed  beneficial  ownership  in,
except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein, if any;
Sanjay K. Shrestha filed a Form 4 on May 14, 2020 disclosing the vesting of restricted stock and tendering of shares to
cover tax withholding obligations in connection with such vesting on May 9, 2020;

●

● andrew J. Marsh, Paul B. Middleton, Keith C. Schmid and Martin d. hull each filed a Form 4 on September 1, 2020
disclosing the vesting of restricted stock and tendering of shares to cover tax withholding obligations in connection with
such vesting on august 19, 2020;

● Gerard l Conway, Jr. filed a Form 4 on September 1, 2020 disclosing the vesting of restricted stock and tendering of
shares to cover tax withholding obligations in connection with such vesting on august 19, 2020 and the sale of shares
pursuant to a pre-established 10b5-1 trading plan on august 27, 2020; and
lucas P. Schneider filed a Form 4 on May 13, 2021 disclosing the sale of shares pursuant to a pre-established 10b5-1
trading plan on July 1, 2020 and october 1, 2020.

●

Code of Conduct

we have adopted a code of conduct applicable to all of our directors, officers and employees, including our principal
executive  officer,  principal  financial  officer  and  principal  accounting  officer.    our  code  of  conduct  is  a  “code  of  ethics”  as
defined  in  item  406(b)  of  Regulation  S-K  and  embodies  our  principles  and  practices  relating  to  the  ethical  conduct  of  our
business and our long-standing commitment to honesty, fair dealing and full compliance with all laws affecting our business.  in
the event that we amend or waive certain provisions of our code of conduct in a manner that requires disclosure under applicable
rules, we intend to provide such required disclosure on our website in accordance

76

table of Contents

with applicable SeC and naSdaQ Rules.  our code of ethics is available on our website at www.plugpower.com under investor
Relations. our website is not incorporated into or a part of this annual Report on Form 10-K.

Corporate Governance Guidelines

we have adopted corporate governance guidelines that serve as a flexible framework within which our Board of directors and its
committees operate. these guidelines cover a number of areas including Board membership criteria and director qualifications,
director responsibilities, Board structure, Board member access to management and independent advisors, director compensation,
director orientation and continuing education, evaluation of senior management and management succession planning. a copy of
our corporate governance guidelines published on the “investors” section of the Company’s website at www.plugpower.com.  our
website is not incorporated into or a part of this annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

this Compensation discussion and analysis (“Cd&a”) discusses our compensation policies and determinations that

apply to our named executive officers. when we refer to our “named executive officers” we are referring to the following
individuals:

● Andrew J. Marsh, our President and Chief executive officer and a director;
Paul B. Middleton, our Chief Financial officer and Senior Vice President;
●
●
Sanjay K. Shrestha, our Chief Strategy officer;
● Keith C. Schmid, our Chief operating officer and Senior Vice President; and
●

Jose Luis Crespo, our Vice President-Global Sales. 

while the discussion in the Cd&a is focused on our named executive officers, many of our executive compensation
programs apply broadly across our executive ranks. the following discussion should be read together with the compensation
tables and related disclosures set forth below.

Executive Summary

Our Response to the Covid-19 Pandemic

like all companies, Plug Power was impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic. we rose to the challenge and our response is

reflective of our culture and our commitment to our employees, to our customers and to society. Below are a few highlights:

● we prioritized the health and wellbeing of our employees and their families while continuing to deliver for our

customers. 

● as restrictions and shutdowns were announced in countries around the world, we implemented new and imaginative

ways for our employees to work at our facilities and remotely. 

● we enabled our employees to remain focused on delivering for our customers by providing personal and
financial “peace of mind” by assuring job security and not implementing salary reductions or furloughs.

● our world-class engineers built ventilator prototypes to address the severe country-wide shortages. 

● we deployed members of our engineering, manufacturing and logistics teams to design and 3D print thousands of

face shields that were donated to healthcare facilities and communities.

● our resourceful buyers sourced and coordinated personal protective equipment (PPE) distribution to hospitals.

77

table of Contents

● we facilitated the critical delivery operations of our customers providing essential services in the food, retail and

cleaning supplies industries. 

● we engaged in corporate philanthropy by making donations to several charitable organizations, including the united

way and the no neighbor hungry Campaign. 

the Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of innovative technology-driven solutions and imaginative human
capital management to address an unprecedented crisis; it has also revealed just how interconnected we are as a society. we are
proud of our Company’s response, and we are grateful for the extraordinary contribution of our employees to the success of Plug
Power.

2020 Business and Strategic Highlights

2020 was an exceptional year for the Company.  the Company successfully executed on its strategic growth pillars to reach

significant milestones during 2020.  2020 results include the following achievements that impacted executive compensation:

Strong financial performance with a record year in gross billings.

●
● deployed more than 9,800 fuel cell units powering electric vehicles in 2020 and built over 27 hydrogen stations.
● Raised approximately $1.5 billion in proceeds from equity and debt offerings in 2020, including executing the first
ever  convertible  green  bond  offering  in  the  united  States  as  well  as  the  largest  follow-on  offering  in  the  clean
energy sector.
ended the year with a strong balance sheet with over $1.6 billion in cash to execute on its global growth strategy
and objectives.

●

● Completed  the  strategic  acquisitions  of  united  hydrogen  Group,  inc.  and  Giner  elX,  inc.,  positioning  the

Company as a fully vertically green hydrogen generation company.

● announced strategic partnerships with Brookfield energy, apex Clean energy and aCCiona to source renewable

electricity and build liquid green hydrogen plants.

● Continued  to  make  strides  within  the  Company’s  fuel  cell  system  business  across  its  target  markets  and  drove
further  adoption  in  core  material  handling,  on-road  and  stationary  power  markets,  adding  a  fourth  pedestal
customer, an automotive manufacturer with over 50 plants worldwide, within its core market of material handling
and selecting a site for its gigafactory to drive scale.

● Released  multiple  new  ProGen  engine  models,  including  the  125kw  (on  and  off-road  applications)  and  1kw

(robotics and drone applications) units.

● Continued  to  make  progress  with  the  Company’s  partner,  lightning  Systems,  to  build  “middle-mile”  delivery

vehicles, producing the first electric, fuel cell-powered class-6 truck.
●
Signed a memorandum of understanding with linde to deploy pilot class-6 and class-8 vehicles on road in 2021.
● Collaborated  with  Gaussin  to  bring  a  commercial  suite  of  ProGen-powered  Gaussin  transportation  vehicles  to

market in 2021 as a solution to decarbonize the logistics ecosystem.

● Released  the  GenSure  hP  product  designed  for  large-scale  back-up  power  applications,  including  data  centers,
energy  storage  systems  and  microgrids,  including  manufacturing  production  of  the  GenSure  hP  product  line
commencing in december of 2020.

in  addition,  the  Company  made  significant  progress  in  solidifying  its  global  leadership  position  in  green  hydrogen
solutions by executing term sheets for a joint venture in France with Groupe Renault, a top automotive player, and a joint venture
in asia with a subsidiary of SK holdings to bring hydrogen solutions to Korea, China and Vietnam, which joint ventures were
announced in January 2021.

Stockholder Value Creation

Below is a line graph comparing the percentage change in the cumulative total return of the Company’s common stock,
based on the market price of the Company’s common stock, with the total return of companies included within the naSdaQ
Clean  edge  Green  energy  index  (CelS)  and  the  companies  included  within  the  Russell  2000  index  (Rut)  for  the  period
commencing december 31, 2015 and ending december 31, 2020. the calculation of the cumulative total return assumes a $100
investment in the Company’s common stock, the naSdaQ Clean edge Green energy index (CelS) and the Russell 2000 index
(Rut) index on december 31, 2015 and the reinvestment of all dividends, if any.

78

table of Contents

Index
Plug Power Inc.
naSdaQ Clean edge Green energy index
Russell 2000 index

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

     $  100.00     $  56.87
$  96.38
$  119.48

$  100.00
$  100.00

     $  111.85     $  58.77
$  109.45
$  118.72

$  126.05
$  135.18

    $  149.76     $  1,607.11

$  152.61
$  146.15

$  434.93
$  173.86

●

the graph above and the accompanying text are not “soliciting material,” are not deemed filed with the SeC and are not
to be incorporated by reference in any filing by us under the Securities act or the exchange act, whether made before
or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any such filing.
the stock price performance shown on the graph is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.

●
● assuming the investment of $100 on december 31, 2015 and the reinvestment of dividends. the common stock price
performance shown on the graph only reflects the change in our company’s common stock price relative to the noted
indices and is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.

Executive Compensation Program

our goal is to retain and attract experienced and talented executive officers and to motivate them to achieve our short-
term and long-term financial, operational and strategic objectives that produce and promote stockholder value. to achieve this
goal, we strongly emphasize a culture of pay for performance in order to provide incentives and accountability for our executive
officers  in  working  toward  the  achievement  of  our  objectives.  accordingly,  we  have  designed  our  incentive  compensation
programs with the goal of ensuring that actual pay varies above or below targeted compensation

79

table of Contents

opportunity  based  on  achievement  of  challenging  performance  goals  and  demonstration  of  meaningful  individual  commitment
and contribution.

Base salary reflects received base salary in fiscal 2020.

Key elements of our compensation programs include the following:

Compensation
Element

Base salary

Purpose

Features

to  attract  and  retain  experienced  and  highly  skilled
executives.

Fixed component of pay to provide financial stability,
 individual
based  on  responsibilities,
contributions and peer company data.

 experience,

Annual cash
incentive
bonuses

to promote and reward the achievement of key short-
term strategic and business goals of the Company as
well  as  individual  performance;  to  motivate  and
attract executives.

Long-term
equity
incentive
compensation

to  encourage  executives  and  other  employees  to
focus  on  long-term  Company  performance;  to  drive
long-term stockholder value; to promote retention; to
reward  outstanding  Company  and  individual
performance.

 of  pay  based  on  annual

Variable  component
corporate quantitative and qualitative goals.
 although  performance  goals  were
importantly,
established  prior  to  the  onset  of  the  Covid-19
pandemic,  the  Compensation  Committee  did  not
reduce the goals in response to the pandemic.

typically  subject  to  multi-year  vesting  based  on
continued  service  and  are  primarily  in  the  form  of
stock  options,  premium  priced  stock  options  and
restricted  stock,  the  value  of  which  depends  on  the
performance  of  our  common  stock  price,  in  order  to
 our
align  employee  interests
stockholders over the longer-term.

 with  those  of

80

table of Contents

Executive Compensation Practices

the Compensation Committee reviews on an ongoing basis the Company’s executive compensation program to evaluate
whether it supports the Company’s executive compensation objectives and is aligned with stockholder interests. our executive
compensation  practices  include  the  following,  each  of  which  the  Compensation  Committee  believes  reinforces  our  executive
compensation objectives:

What We Do
✓ Pay  for  performance  by  structuring  a  significant
percentage  of  target  annual  compensation  in  the  form  of
variable, at-risk compensation

  What We Don’t Do

× allow hedging of equity without preapproval

× allow  for  re-pricing  of  stock  options  without
stockholder approval

✓Market comparison of executive compensation against a
relevant peer group

× Provide excessive perquisites

✓offer  market-competitive  benefits  for  executives  that
are consistent with the rest of our employees

× Provide supplemental executive retirement plans

× Provide any excise tax gross-ups

✓Consult  with  an  independent  compensation  consultant
on compensation levels and practices

× Provide single-trigger severance arrangements

✓Maintain robust stock ownership guidelines

✓have a clawback policy that applies to cash and equity
incentive compensation

✓hold an annual say-on-pay vote

✓have a minimum  vesting  period  of one year for equity
awards, subject to certain limited exceptions

Setting Executive Compensation

the  Compensation  Committee  is  responsible  for  reviewing,  and  recommending  to  the  Board  for  approval,  the
compensation  of  our  executive  officers,  including  our  named  executive  officers.  the  Compensation  Committee  is  composed
entirely of non-employee directors who are “independent” as that term is defined in the applicable naSdaQ Rules. in making its
recommendations  regarding  executive  compensation,  our  Compensation  Committee  annually  reviews  the  performance  of  our
executives  with  our  Chief  executive  officer,  and  our  Chief  executive  officer  makes  recommendations  to  our  Compensation
Committee with respect to the appropriate base salary, annual incentive bonuses and performance measures, and grants of long-
term  equity  incentive  awards  for  each  of  our  executives  other  than  himself.  the  Chairman  of  the  Compensation  Committee
makes  recommendations  to  the  Compensation  Committee  with  respect  to  the  Chief  executive  officer’s  compensation.  the
Compensation Committee makes its determination regarding executive compensation and then makes a recommendation to the
Board  for  approval.  the  Board  discusses  the  Compensation  Committee’s  recommendations  and  ultimately  approves  the
compensation of the executive officers.

in  setting  executive  base  salaries  and  annual  cash  bonuses  and  granting  equity  incentive  awards,  the  Compensation
Committee and the Board consider compensation for comparable positions in the market, the historical compensation levels of
our executives, individual performance as compared to our expectations and objectives, our desire to motivate our employees to
achieve  short​  and  long-term  results  that  are  in  the  best  interests  of  our  stockholders,  and  a  long-term  commitment  to  our
Company.

81

 
table of Contents

Independent Compensation Consultant

For purposes of evaluating 2020 compensation for each of our named executive officers and making 2020 compensation
decisions,  our  Compensation  Committee  retained  Radford  as  its  independent  compensation  consultant.  Radford  has  not
performed  services for the Company other than consulting services  related to the compensation  and benefits  of our executives
and  directors.  Radford  assisted  the  Compensation  Committee  in  the  development  of  a  compensation  peer  group  and  provided
their market analysis of the various components of compensation for the named executive officer positions, including base salary,
annual cash bonus and equity compensation.

our  Compensation  Committee  has  analyzed  whether  the  work  of  Radford  raised  any  conflict  of  interest,  taking  into  account
relevant  factors  in  accordance  with  SeC  guidelines.    Based  on  its  analysis,  our  Compensation  Committee  determined  that  the
engagement of Radford does not create any conflict of interest pursuant to the SeC guidelines and naSdaQ Rules.

Peer Group Selection and Market Data

in evaluating the total compensation of our named executive officers, our Compensation Committee, using information
provided  by  Radford,  established  a  peer  group  of  publicly  traded  companies.    developing  a  compensation  peer  group  for  the
Company  for  compensation  comparison  purposes  is  challenging  because  there  are  few  pure  fuel  cell  peer  companies  that  are
publicly-traded,  stand-alone,  u.S.-based  and  size-appropriate.    nonetheless,  we  strive  to  establish  a  peer  group  that  provides
appropriate compensation data for evaluating the competitiveness of our compensation program and we believe that the mix of
companies in the technology and fuel cell industries that comprise our compensation peer group provides appropriate reference
points  for  compensation  and  performance  comparisons.  however,  the  companies  in  our  peer  group  have  historically  differed
from  the  companies  used  as  peers  by  some  proxy  advisory  firms.  these  differences  in  the  composition  of  compensation  peer
groups can result in substantial differences in how such firms view our compensation relative to our peers.

our 2020 peer group was selected based on a balance of the following criteria:

●
●
●

size-appropriate companies that operate in similar industries;
companies against which we believe we compete for executive talent; and
public  companies  based  in  the  united  States  whose  compensation  and  financial  data  are  available  in  proxy
statements or through widely available compensation surveys.

it  is  important  to  note  that  while  any  one  individual  peer  company  will  not  be  fully  reflective  of  Plug  Power’s  size,
business  model  and  industry,  the  peer  group,  as  a  whole,  aims  to  reasonably  represent  Plug  Power’s    competitive  market  for
executive talent, business characteristics, and business stage.

Based on these criteria, our peer group for 2020, as approved by our Compensation Committee, was comprised of the

following 22 companies:

2020 Peer Group

acacia Communications, inc.

Cree, inc.

Power integrations, inc.

aeroVironment, inc.

FuelCell energy, inc.

ambarella, inc.

inphi Corporation

Rogers Corp.

Semtech Corp.

Ballard Power Systems inc.

lattice Semiconductor Corp.

Silicon laboratories, inc.

Bloom energy Corp.

MaCoM technology Solutions
holdings, inc.

Solaredge technologies, inc.

Brooks automation, inc.

Maxlinear, inc.

Sunrun, inc.

Canadian Solar inc.

Mercury Systems, inc.

Chart industries, inc.

netScout Systems, inc.

82

table of Contents

Based on data compiled by Radford at the time of the peer group review, our revenues and market capitalization margin

were at the 12th and 49th percentiles, respectively, in relation to the peer group.

as an additional reference, our Compensation Committee also uses data from the Radford Global technology executive
compensation survey (the “Radford Survey”) to evaluate the competitive market generally when formulating its recommendation
for  the  total  direct  compensation  packages  for  our  executive  officers.  the  Radford  Survey  provides  compensation  market
intelligence and is widely used within the technology industry.

due  to  the  nature  of  our  business,  we  also  compete  for  executive  talent  with  companies  outside  our  peer  group,
including public companies that are larger and more established than we are or that possess greater resources than we do, and
with smaller private companies that may be able to offer greater compensation potential.

in setting compensation, the Compensation Committee considers each executive’s level and job performance, his duties
and responsibilities at the Company compared to the duties and responsibilities of executive officers in similar positions at the
peer  group  companies  and  in  the  survey  data,  other  circumstances  unique  to  the  Company,  and  evaluates  whether  the
compensation  elements  and  levels  provided  to  our  executives  are  generally  appropriate  relative  to  their  responsibilities  at  the
Company  and  compensation  elements  and  levels  provided  to  their  counterparts  in  the  peer  group  or  within  survey  data.  the
Compensation  Committee  considers  both  objective  and  subjective  criteria  to  evaluate  Company  and  individual  performance,
which  allows  it  to  exercise  informed  judgment  and  not  rely  solely  on  rigid  benchmarks.  accordingly,  the  Compensation
Committee  does  not  formulaically  tie  compensation  decisions  to  any  particular  percentile  level  of  total  compensation  paid  to
executives at the peer group companies or survey data.

looking ahead to 2021 − our peer group for 2021, as approved by our Compensation Committee, is comprised of the

following 22 companies:

2021 Peer Group

aeroVironment, inc.

FuelCell energy, inc.

ambarella international, l.P.

Generac holdings inc.

Rogers Corp.

Semtech Corp.

Ballard Power Systems, inc.

inphi Corp.

Silicon laboratories, inc.

Bloom energy Corp.

lattice Semiconductor Corp.

Solaredge technologies, inc.

Brooks automation, inc.

MaCoM  technology
holdings, inc.

 Solutions

SunPower Corp.

Chart industries, inc.

Maxlinear, inc.

Sunrun inc.

Cree, inc.

Monolithic Power Systems, inc.

enphase energy, inc.

Power integrations, inc.

our  revenues  and  market  capitalization  margin  were  at  the  23rd and  100 th percentiles,  respectively,  in  relation  to  the

peer group.

Role of Stockholder Say-on-Pay

we pay careful attention to any feedback we receive from our stockholders about our executive compensation program.
at our 2020 annual Meeting of Stockholders, we conducted our annual non-binding, advisory vote on the compensation of our
named executive officers, commonly referred to as a “say-on-pay” vote, in accordance with the dodd-Frank wall Street Reform
and Consumer Protection act of 2010. approximately 81% of the votes cast by stockholders on this proposal were cast in support
of  the  compensation  paid  to  our  named  executive  officers.  although  the  results  of  the  say-on-pay  vote  are  advisory  and  not
binding  on  the  Company,  the  Board  or  the  Compensation  Committee,  we  value  the  opinions  of  our  stockholders  and  take  the
results of the say-on-pay vote into account when making decisions regarding the compensation of our named executive officers.

83

table of Contents

Our Executive Compensation Program

the  primary  components  of  our  executive  compensation  program  are  base  salary,  annual  cash  incentive  bonuses  and
long-term equity incentive compensation. Consistent with the emphasis we place on pay-for-performance, annual performance-
based  bonuses  and  long-term  equity  incentive  compensation  in  the  form  of  stock  options,  premium  priced  stock  options  and
restricted stock constitute a significant portion of our total executive compensation.

within the context of the overall objectives of our compensation programs, our Compensation Committee and Board of
directors determined the specific amounts of compensation to be paid to each of our executives in 2020 based on a number of
factors, including:

● our  executives’  and  Company  performance  during  2020  in  general  and  as  measured  against  pre-established

performance goals;

●

the nature, scope and level of our executives’ responsibilities;

● our  executives’  effectiveness  in  leading  the  Company’s  initiatives  to  increase  customer  and  stockholder  value,

productivity and revenue growth;

●

the individual experience and skills of, and expected contributions from, our executives;

● our executive’s contribution to the Company’s commitment to corporate responsibility, including our executive’s
success in creating a culture of unyielding integrity and compliance with applicable law and the Company’s ethics
policies;

●

the amounts of compensation being paid to our other executives;

● our executives’ contribution to our business performance and financial results;

● our executives’ historical compensation at our Company; and

● any contractual commitments we have made to our executives regarding compensation.

each of the primary elements of our executive compensation is discussed in detail below and the compensation paid to
our named executive officers in 2020 is discussed under each element. in the descriptions below, we have identified particular
compensation objectives which we have designed our executive compensation programs to serve; however, we have designed our
compensation  programs  to  complement  each  other  and  to  collectively  serve  all  of  our  executive  compensation  objectives
described above. accordingly, whether or not specifically mentioned below, we believe that, as a part of our overall executive
compensation, each element to a greater or lesser extent serves each of our objectives.

84

table of Contents

Base Salary

Base  salaries  are  the  smallest  component  of  each  executive  officer’s  total  direct  compensation  and  represent  a  fixed
amount paid to each executive for performing his or her normal duties and responsibilities. our executives’ base salaries reflect
the initial base salaries that we negotiated with each of our executives at the time of his initial employment or promotion and our
subsequent adjustments to these amounts to reflect market increases, the growth and stage of development of our Company, our
executives’ performance and increased experience, any changes in our executives’ roles and responsibilities, and other factors.
the following table sets forth the annual base salaries for our named executive officers for each of 2019 and 2020, as well as the
percentage  increase  year-over-year.  Consistent  with  our  pay-for-performance  philosophy,  the  increases  are  merit  based  in
recognition of strong performance and contribution:

Name

2019 
Base Salary 
($)

2020 
Base Salary 
($)(1)

Increase 
(%)

andrew J. Marsh

600,000

676,442

12.7%

Paul B. Middleton

375,000

387,188

3.3%

Sanjay K. Shrestha

306,538

338,222

10.3%

Keith C. Schmid

Jose luis Crespo

391,000

220,000

393,317

227,692

2.5%

3.5%

● Mr. Marsh’s last salary increase was in 2014

● Mr.  Middleton’s  last  salary  increase  was  in

2014

● Mr. Shrestha’s first salary increase since hire in
2019  to  reflect  additional  responsibilities  in
connection  with  leadership  of  our  energy
Solutions Business

● Mr. Schmid’s last salary increase was in 2015

● Mr. Crespo’s last salary increase was in 2014

(1) the reported amounts reflect the effective annual base salaries for 2020 which are a composite of (a) base salaries in
effect  from  January  1,  2020  to  September  28,  2020,  which  were  as  follows:  andrew  J.  Marsh  –  $651,923;  Paul  B.
Middleton – $386,250; Sanjay K. Shrestha – $325,962; Keith C. Schmid – $391,000; and Jose luis Crespo – $226,922
and (b) base salary increases in effect from September 29, 2020 through december 31, 2020, which were as follows:
andrew  J.  Marsh  –  $750,000;  Paul  B.  Middleton  –  $390,000;  Sanjay  K.  Shrestha  –  $375,000;  Keith  C.  Schmid  –
$400,000; and Jose luis Crespo – $230,000.

Annual Cash Incentive Bonuses

our named executive officers are eligible to receive annual cash incentive bonuses based on our pay-for-performance
incentive  compensation  program.  annual  bonuses  for  2020  were  based  upon  Company  performance  as  measured  against  pre-
established performance goals, including financial measures, achievement of strategic objectives, and other factors as described
in more detail below. the primary objective of this program is to motivate and reward our named executive officers for meeting
Company performance goals that drive the long-term success of our business.

at  the  beginning  of  the  year  (and  prior  to  the  onset  of  the  pandemic),  the  Compensation  Committee  and  the  Board
established threshold, target and stretch attainment levels for each of our named executive officers based on a percentage of his
base salary. the threshold level for each performance goal is considered reasonably difficult for the executive to attain, and our
expectation for baseline performance before any bonus will be paid. the target attainment level is considered challenging for the
executive  to  attain,  and  the  executive  would  need  to  exceed  expectations  to  achieve  this  level.  the  stretch  attainment  level  is
considered  exceptionally  challenging  for  the  executive  to  attain,  and  the  executive  would  need  to  significantly  outperform  to
achieve this level. the table below sets forth, for each named executive officer,

85

table of Contents

the threshold, target and stretch annual bonus opportunity, both as a percentage of the named executive officer’s year-end base
salary and in dollars.

Name

2020 Threshold
Annual Bonus 
(%)

2020 Threshold
Annual Bonus
($)

2020 Target
Annual Bonus
(% )

2020 Target
Annual Bonus  
($)

2020 Stretch
Annual Bonus 
(% )

2020 Stretch
Annual Bonus  
($)

andrew J. Marsh

Paul B. Middleton

65%

65%

Sanjay K. Shrestha

65%

Keith C. Schmid

65%

Jose luis Crespo

100%

487,500

253,500

243,750

260,000

230,000

100%

100%

100%

100%

200%

750,000

390,000

375,000

400,000

460,000

135%

135%

135%

135%

400%

1,012,500

526,500

506,250

540,000

920,000

at  the  beginning  of  each  year  the  Compensation  Committee  and  the  Board  select  performance  metrics  and  approve
Company  performance  goals.  The  2020  metrics  and  goals  were  established  prior  to  the  onset  of  the  Covid-19  pandemic;
however, notwithstanding the potential business disruption that was expected as a result of the pandemic, the goals were
not decreased to address the pandemic. the actual amounts of annual incentive bonuses for 2020 were determined based on
achievement of these pre-established corporate objectives. the 2020 Company goals approved by our Board and Compensation
Committee,  the  relative  weightings  assigned  to  each  goal  at  the  beginning  of  the  year,  and  the  performance  against  these
Company goals for 2020 are set forth below.

Actual
Achievement
for 2020
(as a % of target)

Relative
Weighting   

Weighted
Performance

2020 Annual Incentive Goals
Gross Billings
 threshold: $230 Million
 target: $310 Million
 Stretch: $341 Million

Adjusted Operating EBITDA
 threshold: $27 Million
 target: $36 Million
 Stretch: $48.5 Million

Key Strategic Initiatives 
 threshold: three

 target: Four
 Stretch: Five

35%

126%

35%

108%

30%

135%

44%

38%

40.5%

122.5%

2020 Company Goal Achievement

100%

● Gross  Billings.    Gross  billings  is  a  measure  of  topline  performance  and  is  based  on  the  invoice  value  of  equipment
deployed  and  services  rendered.  invoice  value  of  equipment  is  measured  on  a  relative  basis  using  cash  value  within
contracts  with  customers  and  it  is  attributed  to  the  period  in  which  the  equipment  is  deployed.  to  that  amount,  the
Company  adds  the  invoice  value  for  services  rendered  in  the  period.  these  services  include  fuel  provided,  extended
warranty  contracts  serviced,  and  power  provided  under  PPas.    the  significant  estimates  and  assumptions  underlying
gross  billings  include  the  allocation  of  revenue,  excluding  the  provision  for  warrants,  based  on  relative  stand-alone
selling prices used in the Company’s GaaP revenue numbers.

●

Adjusted Operating EBITDA.  adjusted operating eBitda is a measure of operating performance based on operating
income (loss), plus stock-based compensation, plus depreciation and amortization, plus right-of-use asset depreciation
and interest associated with PPa financings, plus costs associated with acquisitions, restructuring and other charges.

86

  
  
     
     
    
table of Contents

●

Rationale for Metric Adjustments.  in measuring Gross Billings and adjusted operating eBitda for purposes of our
annual  cash  incentive  plan,  the  Compensation  Committee  focuses  on  the  fundamentals  of  the  underlying  business
performance and adjusts for items that are not indicative of core performance. the purpose of these adjustments is to
ensure that the measurement of performance reflects factors that management can directly control and that payout levels
are  not  artificially  inflated  or  impaired  by  factors  unrelated  to  the  core  operation  of  the  business.  Accordingly, the
calculation  of  these  metrics  for  compensatory  purposes  may  differ  from  the  calculation  for  external  financial
reporting purposes.

after  completion  of  the  fiscal  year,  initially  the  Chief  executive  officer  and  other  members  of  management,  as
appropriate,  make  a  recommendation  to  the  Compensation  Committee  for  each  executive’s  bonus  amount  based  the  level  of
attainment of each of the Company goals (with the exception of the Chief executive officer himself whose level of attainment is
evaluated by the Compensation Committee directly).

the Compensation Committee determined the 2020 annual cash incentive awards for the named executive officers using

the following framework:

Base
Salary

 Target
Percentage

 70% Financial
Performance 
Payout: 0 - 135%

 30% Key
Strategic
Initiatives
Payout: 0 - 135%

Extraordinary
Personal
Contribution
Overall Payout Cap
of 200%

●

●

●

2020 Financial Performance Achievement. the financial performance was formulaically calculated and earned at 117%
of target.

2020 Key Strategic Initiatives. the Compensation  Committee  determined  that five  of the  six pre-established  strategic
initiatives  were  achieved,  resulting  in  achievement  at  135%  of  target.  the  five  strategic  initiatives  achieved  in  2020
were:

- new multi-site customer in material handling
- Commencing development of the Rochester innovation Center
-
-
-

launching large scale green hydrogen platform
establishing pilot program with three large fuel cell electric vehicles’ customers
establishing a strategic relationship with a large original equipment manufacturer/fuel provider

2020 Personal Contribution. while the financial and strategic achievements noted above are impressive, it is even more
so  given  that  it  was  accomplished  in  the  face  of  the  uncertainty  and  business  disruption  caused  by  the  Covid-19
pandemic. in addition to driving the business forward with numerous other successful initiatives (see discussion under
Executive Summary - 2020 Business and Strategic Highlights), the management team worked tirelessly to ensure that
the  Company  addressed  the  special  needs  of  our  employees,  our  customers  and  our  communities  during  this  period.
after discussion and consideration, the Compensation Committee determined that it would be appropriate to recognize
and reward the named executive officers for their extraordinary contribution during 2020.

the Board, after review and discussion and recommendation from the Compensation Committee, determined the final
level of attainment for each of the performance goals and the amount of each executive’s annual incentive bonus. the actual cash
incentive  bonus  amounts  paid  to  our  named  executive  officers  with  respect  to  performance  in  2020  as  well  as  the  actual  cash
incentive bonus amounts as a percentage of target are set forth in the table below. in addition, as all our

87

table of Contents

employees  participated  in  the  same  annual  bonus  program  as  the  named  executive  officers,  all  employees  similarly  earned  a
200% bonus payout in recognition of their extraordinary contributions during 2020.

2020 
Target Bonus 
($)
750,000
390,000
375,000
400,000
460,000

2020 Financial/ 
Strategic 
Performance 
Achievement 
(%)
122.5%
122.5%
122.5%
122.5%
122.5%

2020 Recognition 
for Personal 
Contribution 
(%)
77.5%
77.5%
77.5%
77.5%
77.5%

2020 
Actual Bonus 
Payment ($)
1,500,000
780,000
750,000
800,000
920,000

2020 
Bonus Payment 
(% of 2020 Target 
Bonus 
Opportunity)
200%
200%
200%
200%
200%

Name
andrew J. Marsh
Paul B. Middleton
Sanjay K. Shrestha
Keith C. Schmid
Jose luis Crespo

Long-Term Equity Incentive Compensation

historically,  we  have  granted  long-term  equity  incentive  awards  in  the  form  of  stock  options  and  restricted  stock  to
executives as part of our total compensation package. in 2020, we chose to use a combination of stock options, premium priced
stock options, and restricted stock.  Consistent with our emphasis on pay-for-performance, these awards represent a significant
portion of total executive compensation. Based on the stage of our Company’s development and the incentives we aim to provide
to our executives, we have chosen to use either stock options or a combination of stock options and restricted stock for our long-
term  equity  incentive  awards.  our  decisions  regarding  the  amount  and  type  of  long-term  equity  incentive  compensation  and
relative  weighting of these awards among total  executive compensation  are based on our understanding of market practices  of
similarly situated companies and our negotiations with our executives in connection with their initial employment or promotion
by our Company.

Stock option awards and premium priced stock option awards provide our executive officers with the right to purchase
shares of Common Stock at a fixed exercise price typically for a period of up to ten years. Stock options generally vest over three
years, beginning with one-third vesting on the first anniversary of the grant date, one-third vesting on the second anniversary of
the  grant  date  and  the  final  one-third  vesting  on  the  third  anniversary  of  the  grant  date,  subject  to  continued  service  to  the
Company and acceleration in certain circumstances. Stock option awards are made pursuant to our third amended and Restated
2011 Stock  option  and  incentive  Plan  (the  “2011  Plan”).  except  as  may  otherwise  be  provided  in  the  applicable  stock  option
award agreement, stock option awards become fully exercisable upon a “change of control” (as defined in the 2011 Plan). the
exercise price of each stock option is equal to, or, in the case of premium priced stock options, in excess of, the closing price of
Common Stock on the naSdaQ Capital Market as of the option grant date.

Restricted stock awards provide our executive officers with a long-term incentive alternative to the stock option awards.
Restricted stock awards generally vest in equal annual installments over three years from the date of grant, subject to continued
employment with the Company.

we consider a number of factors in determining the number of shares subject to stock options and the number of shares

of restricted stock, if any, to grant to our executives, including:

●

●

●

the number of shares subject to, and exercise price of, outstanding options, both vested and unvested, held by our
named executive officers and the number of shares subject to unvested restricted stock awards held by our named
executive officers;
the  vesting  schedule  of  the  unvested  stock  options  and  restricted  stock  awards  held  by  our  named  executive
officers; and
the amount and percentage of our total equity held by our named executive officers.

88

table of Contents

the table  below sets forth information  regarding  stock options and premium  priced stock options (reflecting  a 17.5%

premium above the grant date exercise price) granted to our named executive officers in 2020:

Number of Shares
Subject to
Premium Priced
Stock Options (#)

Exercise Price
Per Share of
17.5%
Premium
Priced Stock
Options ($)

Number of
Shares Subject to
Non-Premium
Priced Stock
Options) (#)

Exercise Price Per
Share of Non-
Premium Priced
Stock Options ($)

275,000

100,000

112,500

100,000

−

15.51

15.51

15.51

15.51

−

275,000

100,000

112,500

100,000

175,000

13.20

13.20

13.20

13.20

13.20

Name

andrew J. Marsh

Paul B. Middleton

Sanjay K. Shrestha

Keith C. Schmid

Jose luis Crespo

the  table  below  sets  forth  information  regarding  restricted  stock  awards  granted  to  our  named  executive  officers  in

2020:

Name
andrew J. Marsh
Paul B. Middleton
Sanjay K. Shrestha
Keith C. Schmid
Jose luis Crespo

Number of
Restricted
Shares (#)

550,000
200,000
225,000
200,000
175,000

Broad-Based Benefits

all  full-time  employees,  including  our  named  executive  officers,  are  eligible  to  participate  in  our  health  and  welfare
benefit programs, including medical, dental, and vision care coverage, disability insurance and life insurance, and our 401(k) plan
on the same basis as other employees.

Currently,  we  do  not  view  perquisites  or  other  personal  benefits  as  a  significant  component  of  our  executive
compensation program. accordingly, we do not provide perquisites to our named executive officers, except in situations where
we believe it is appropriate to assist an individual in the performance of his duties, to make him more efficient and effective, and
for recruitment and retention purposes.

Employment Agreements

the  named  executive  officers  are  subject  to  employment  agreements  that  provide  for  severance  benefits  upon  certain
qualifying terminations of employment with the Company. the Compensation Committee considers these severance benefits to
be  an  important  part  of  the  executive  compensation  program  and  consistent  with  competitive  market  practice.  Consistent  with
market  practices,  the  employment  agreements  do  not  include  change  in  control-related  tax  gross-ups.  additional  information
regarding  the  employment  arrangements  with  each  of  our  named  executive  officers,  including  a  quantification  of  benefits  that
would have been received by each named executive officer had his employment terminated on december 31, 2020, is provided
under “employment agreements” and “Potential Payments upon termination or Change in Control.”

Relationship of Executive Compensation to Risk

the  Compensation  Committee  considers  whether  the  design  of  the  Company’s  executive  compensation  program
encourages  senior  executives  to  engage  in  excessive  risk-taking.  the  Compensation  Committee  reviews  the  overall  program
design, as well as the balance between short-term and long-term compensation, the metrics used to measure

89

   
table of Contents

performance and the award opportunity under the Company’s incentive compensation program, and the implementation of other
administrative  features  designed  to  mitigate  risk  such  as  vesting  requirements,  stock  ownership  guidelines  and  our  clawback
policy,  each  as  described  in  this  Compensation  discussion  and  analysis.  Based  on  its  review,  the  Compensation  Committee
believes that the Company’s executive compensation program is aligned to the interests of stockholders, appropriately rewards
pay for performance, and does not promote unnecessary or excessive risk.

Stock Ownership Guidelines

the  Board  has  adopted  stock  ownership  guidelines  for  executives,  including  our  named  executive  officers,  and  these
guidelines are also considered when granting long-term equity incentive awards to executives. the ownership guidelines provide
a target level of Company equity holdings with which named executive officers are expected to comply within five (5) years or
the date  the individual  is first  appointed  as an executive.  the  target  stock  holdings are  determined  as a  multiple  of the named
executive  officer’s  base  salary  (5x  for  the  Chief  executive  officer  and  3x  for  the  other  named  executive  officers)  and  then
converted  to  a  fixed  number  of  shares  using  a  200-day  average  stock  price.  the  following  shares  are  included  in  determining
compliance  with the stock ownership guidelines: (i) shares owned outright by the executive  or his immediate  family  members
residing in the same household; (ii) shares held in the Plug Power inc. Savings and Retirement Plan; (iii) restricted stock issued
as part of an executive’s annual or other bonus (whether or not vested); (iv) shares acquired upon the exercise of employee stock
options; (v) shares underlying unexercised employee stock options times a factor of 33%; and (vi) shares held in trust. the named
executive officers who are required to be in compliance with the stock ownership guidelines are in compliance.

Prohibition Against Hedging

the Company maintains an internal “insider trading Policy” that is applicable to our executive officers and directors.
among  other  things,  the  policy  prohibits  any  employee  of  the  Company  (including  directors  or  executive  officers)  from  (i)
engaging  in  short  sales  of  the  Company’s  securities  and  from  trading  in  puts,  calls  or  options  in  respect  of  the  Company’s
securities,  (ii)  buying  or  selling  puts,  calls  or  other  derivative  securities  of  the  Company  or  engaging  in  any  other  hedging
transactions  with  respect  to  the  Company’s  securities  or  (iii)  purchasing  any  securities  of  the  Company  with  money  borrowed
from  a  bank,  brokerage  firm  or  other  person  for  the  purchase  of  purchasing  securities  or  using  the  Company’s  securities  as
collateral in a margin account.

Clawback Policy

in  March  2019,  our  Compensation  Committee  and  Board  of  directors  adopted  a  Policy  for  Recoupment  of  incentive
Compensation that covers incentive compensation paid to our executive officers who are subject to the reporting requirements of
Section  16  of  the  exchange  act.  the  policy  provides  that  if  we  are  required  to  prepare  an  accounting  restatement  due  to  our
material  non-compliance  with  any  financial  reporting  requirement  and/or  intentional  misconduct  by  a  covered  executive,  our
Compensation  Committee  may  require  the covered  executive  to repay  to us any excess  compensation  received  by the covered
executive during the covered period. For purposes of this policy, excess compensation means any annual cash bonus and long-
term equity incentive compensation received by a covered executive during the three-year period preceding the publication of the
restated  financial  statement  that  the  Compensation  Committee  determines  was  in  excess  of  the  amount  that  such  covered
executive would have received had such annual cash bonus and long-term equity incentive compensation been calculated based
on the financial results reported in the restated financial statement.

Tax and Accounting Considerations

Deductibility of Executive Compensation

Generally, Section 162(m) of the Code disallows a federal income tax deduction for public corporations of remuneration
in excess of $1 million paid in any fiscal year to certain specified executive officers. For taxable years beginning before January
1, 2018 (i) these executive officers consisted of a public corporation’s principal executive officer and up to three other executive
officers  (other  than  the  principal  financial  officer)  whose  compensation  is  required  to  be  disclosed  to  stockholders  under  the
exchange act, because they are the corporation’s most highly-compensated executive officers and (ii) qualifying “performance-
based compensation” was not subject to this deduction limit if specified requirements were met.

90

table of Contents

Pursuant to the tax Cuts and Jobs act of 2017, for taxable years beginning after december 31, 2017, the remuneration
of a public corporation’s principal financial officer is also subject to the deduction limit. in addition, subject to certain transition
rules (which apply to remuneration provided pursuant to written binding contracts which were in effect on november 2, 2017 and
which are not subsequently materially modified), for taxable years beginning after december 31, 2017, the exemption from the
deduction  limit  for  “performance-based  compensation”  is  no  longer  available.  Consequently,  for  fiscal  years  beginning  after
december 31, 2017, all remuneration in excess of $1 million paid to a specified executive will not be deductible.

in  designing  our  executive  compensation  program  and  determining  the  compensation  of  our  executive  officers,
including  our  named  executive  officers,  the  Compensation  Committee  considers  a  variety  of  factors,  including  the  potential
impact  of  the  Section  162(m)  deduction  limit.  however,  the  Compensation  Committee  will  not  necessarily  limit  executive
compensation  to  that  which  is  or  may  be  deductible  under  Section  162(m)  of  the  Code.  the  Compensation  Committee  will
consider various alternatives to preserving the deductibility of compensation payments and benefits to the extent consistent with
its compensation  goals. the Compensation Committee  believes  that our stockholders’  interests  are best served if its discretion
and flexibility in awarding compensation is not restricted, even though some compensation awards may result in non-deductible
compensation expense.

Taxation of “Parachute” Payments

Sections 280G and 4999 of the Code provide that executive officers and directors who hold significant equity interests
and  certain  other  service  providers  may  be  subject  to  significant  additional  taxes  if  they  receive  payments  or  benefits  in
connection with a change in control of the Company that exceed certain prescribed limits, and that the Company (or a successor)
may  forfeit  a  deduction  on  the  amounts  subject  to  this  additional  tax.  we  have  not  agreed  to  provide  any  executive  officer,
including any named executive officers, or director with a “gross-up” or other reimbursement payment for any tax liability that
the executive officer or director might owe as a result of the application of Sections 280G or 4999 of the Code.

Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code

Section 409a of the Code imposes additional significant taxes in the event that an executive officer, director or service
provider receives “deferred compensation” that does not satisfy the requirements of Section 409a of the Code. although we do
not maintain a nonqualified deferred compensation plan, Section 409a of the Code may apply to certain severance arrangements,
bonus  arrangements  and  equity  awards.  we  aim  to  structure  all  our  severance  arrangements,  bonus  arrangements  and  equity
awards in a manner to either avoid the application of Section 409a or, to the extent doing so is not possible, to comply with the
applicable requirements of Section 409a of the Code.

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

we  follow  FaSB  aSC  topic  718  for  our  stock-based  compensation  awards.  FaSB  aSC  topic  718  requires  us  to
measure the compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to our employees and non-employee members of
our  Board,  including  options  to  purchase  shares  of  our  Common  Stock  and  other  stock  awards,  based  on  the  grant  date  “fair
value” of these awards. this calculation is performed for accounting purposes and reported in the executive compensation tables
required by the federal securities laws, even though the recipient of the awards may never realize any value from their awards.

Compensation Committee Report

The  following  Report  of  the  Compensation  Committee  of  the  Board  of  Directors  will  not  be  deemed  incorporated  by
reference  by  any  general  statement  incorporating  by  reference  this  Form  10-K  into  any  of  the  Company’s  filings  under  the
Securities Act or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that the Company specifically incorporates this information by reference,
and will not otherwise be deemed filed under such Acts.

the Compensation Committee reviews and evaluates individual executive officers and recommends or determines the
compensation  for  each  executive  officer.  the  Compensation  Committee  also  oversees  management’s  decisions  concerning  the
performance and compensation of other Company officers, administers the Company’s incentive compensation and other stock-
based  plans,  evaluates  the  effectiveness  of  its  overall  compensation  programs,  including  oversight  of  the  Company’s  benefit,
perquisite  and  employee  equity  programs,  and  reviews  the  Company’s  management  succession  plans.  a  more  complete
description of the Compensation Committee’s functions is set forth in the Compensation Committee’s charter which is published
on the “investors” section of the Company’s website at www.plugpower.com. each member of the Compensation Committee is
an independent director as defined in the naSdaQ Rules.

91

table of Contents

in general, the Board and the Compensation Committee design compensation to attract, retain and motivate a superior
executive team, reward individual performance, relate compensation to Company goals and objectives and align the interests of
the executive officers with those of the Company’s stockholders. the Board and the Compensation Committee rely upon their
judgment  about  each  individual—and  not  on  rigid  guidelines  or  formulas,  or  short-term  changes  in  business  performance—in
determining  the  amount  and  mix  of  compensation  elements  for  each  senior  executive  officer.  Key  factors  affecting  such
judgments  include:  the  executive’s  performance  compared  to  the  goals  and  objectives  established  for  the  executive  at  the
beginning  of  the  year;  the  nature,  scope  and  level  of  the  executive’s  responsibilities;  the  executive’s  contribution  to  the
Company’s  financial  results;  the  executive’s  effectiveness  in  leading  the  Company’s  initiatives  to  increase  customer  value,
productivity  and  revenue  growth;  and  the  executive’s  contribution  to  the  Company’s  commitment  to  corporate  responsibility,
including  the  executive’s  success  in  creating  a  culture  of  unyielding  integrity  and  compliance  with  applicable  law  and  the
Company’s ethics policies.

the  Compensation  Committee  has  reviewed  the  Compensation  discussion  and  analysis  and  discussed  that  analysis
with  management.  Based  on  its  review  and  discussions  with  management,  the  Compensation  Committee  recommended  to  our
Board of directors that the Compensation discussion and analysis be included in the Company’s annual Report on Form 10-K
for the fiscal year ended december 31, 2020 and the Company’s Proxy Statement relating to the Company’s 2021 annual meeting
of stockholders. this report on executive compensation is provided by the undersigned members of the Compensation Committee
of the Board of directors.

Gary K. willis (Chairman)
George C. Mcnamee
Johannes M. Roth

2020 Summary Compensation Table

the following table sets forth the total compensation awarded to, earned by and paid during the fiscal years indicated for

each of our named executive:  

Name and Principal Position
andrew J. Marsh

President, Chief Executive Officer
and Director

Paul B. Middleton

Chief Financial Officer and
Senior Vice President

Sanjay K. Shrestha

Chief Strategy Officer

Keith C. Schmid

Chief Operating Officer and
Senior Vice President

Jose luis Crespo

Vice President-Global Sales

Year

Salary 
($)

Bonus 
($)(1)

Stock 
Awards 
($)(2)

Option 
Awards 
($)(3)

Non-Equity 
Incentive Plan 
Compensation 
($)(4)

All Other 
Compensation 
($)

Total 
($)

2020
2019
2018

2020
2019
2018

676,442 581,250 7,260,000 4,178,075(5)
600,000 -
600,000 -

1,449,500 999,700(8)
980,000

775,000

918,750
631,200
300,000

15,555(6)(7)
15,170
14,920

13,630,072
3,695,570
2,669,920

387,188 302,250 2,640,000 1,519,300(9)
384,500(10)
375,000 -
310,000
375,000 -

557,500
392,000

477,750
394,500
187,500

15,555(6)(7)
15,170
14,920

5,342,043
1,726,670
1,279,420

2020
2019(13) 306,538 -

338,222 290,625 2,970,000 1,709,213(11) 459,375
300,000

249,150

346,500

15,361(6)(12)
9,033

5,782,796
1,211,221

2020
2019
2018

2020
2019
2018

393,317 310,000 2,640,000 1,519,300(9)
384,500(10)
391,000 -
387,500
391,000 -

557,500
490,000

490,000
411,332
195,500

15,555(6)(7)
15,170
14,920

5,368,172
1,759,502
1,478,920

227,692 356,501 2,310,000 1,368,150
307,600(5)
220,000 -
310,000
220,000 -

446,000
392,000

563,500
505,340
220,000

15,026(6)(14)
14,668
14,691

4,840,869
1,493,608
1,156,691

(1)

as  discussed  in  greater  detail  in  the  Cd&a,  while  the  Company’s  2020  financial  and  strategic  achievements  were
impressive, it was even more so given that it was accomplished in the face of the uncertainty and business disruption
caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. in addition to driving the business forward with numerous other successful initiatives
(see  discussion  under  executive  Summary  -  2020  Business  and  Strategic  highlights),  the  management  team  worked
tirelessly to ensure that the Company addressed the special needs of our employees,

92

table of Contents

our  customers  and  our  communities  during  this  period.  after  discussion  and  consideration,  the  Compensation
Committee  determined  that  it  would  be  appropriate  to  recognize  and  reward  all  our  employees  (including  the  named
executive officers) for their extraordinary commitment and contribution to the Company by paying an additional cash
bonus equal to 77.5% of the relevant target bonus.

this column represents the aggregate grant date fair value of the stock award computed in accordance with FaSB aSC
topic  718.  Pursuant  to  SeC  rules,  the  amounts  shown  exclude  the  impact  of  estimated  forfeitures.  Fair  value  is
calculated using the closing price of Plug Power stock on the date of grant. For additional information on stock awards,
refer  to  note  18  of  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  in  this  annual  Report  on  Form  10-K.  these
amounts reflect the Company’s accounting expense for these awards, excluding the impact of estimated forfeitures, and
do not correspond to the actual value that will be recognized by our named executive officers.

this column represents the aggregate grant date fair value of the option award computed in accordance with FaSB aSC
topic  718.  Pursuant  to  SeC  rules,  the  amounts  shown  exclude  the  impact  of  estimated  forfeitures.  For  additional
information on the valuation assumptions with respect to option awards, refer to note 18 of the Company’s consolidated
financial  statements  in this annual Report on Form 10-K. these amounts  reflect  the Company’s accounting  expense,
excluding the impact of estimated forfeitures, for these awards, and do not correspond to the actual value that will be
recognized by our named executive officers.

this column represents the amount of bonuses earned by executives under our annual cash incentive plan.  as discussed
in the Cd&a, the metrics and goals for 2020 were established prior to the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic; however,
notwithstanding  the  potential  business  disruption  that  was  expected  as  a  result  of  the  pandemic,  the  goals  were  not
decreased to address the pandemic.

includes a premium priced stock option with a grant date fair value of $2,028,125.

includes the Company’s share of contributions on behalf of each of Messrs. Marsh, Middleton, Shrestha, Schmid and
Crespo to the Plug Power 401(k) savings plan in the amount of $14,250 in 2020.

includes  the  Company’s  share  of  contributions  on  behalf  of  Messrs.  Marsh,  Middleton  and  Schmid  in  the  amount  of
$1,305 for life insurance premiums in 2020.

includes a premium priced stock option with a grant date fair value of $490,750.

includes a premium priced stock option with a grant date fair value of $737,500.

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

includes a premium priced stock option with a grant date fair value of $188,750.

(11)

includes a premium priced stock option with a grant date fair value of $829,688.

(12)

includes  the  Company’s  share  of  contributions  on  behalf  of  Mr.  Shrestha  in  the  amount  of  $1,111  for  life  insurance
premiums in 2020.

(13)

Mr. Shrestha joined the Company as a Chief Strategy officer on april 15, 2019.

(14)

includes  the  Company’s  share  of  contributions  on  behalf  of  Mr.  Crespo  in  the  amount  of  $776  for  life  insurance
premiums in 2020.

Pay Ratio Disclosure  

Pursuant to a mandate of the dodd-Frank wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection act (the “dodd-Frank act”), the
SeC  adopted  a  rule  requiring  annual  disclosure  of  the  ratio  of  the  median  employee’s  annual  total  compensation  to  the  total
annual compensation of the principal executive officer (“Peo”). the Peo of our Company is Mr. Marsh.

we believe that our compensation philosophy must be consistent and internally equitable to motivate our employees to

create shareholder value. the purpose of the required disclosure is to provide a measure of the equitability

93

table of Contents

of  pay  within  the  organization.    we  are  committed  to  internal  pay  equity,  and  our  Compensation  Committee  monitors  the
relationship between the pay our Peo receives and the pay our non-executive employees receive.

For  2020,  the  annual  total  compensation  of  Mr.  Marsh,  our  Peo,  of  $13,630,072  as  shown  in  the  Summary
Compensation  table  above,  was  approximately  203  times  the  annual  total  compensation  of  $67,062  of  the  median  employee
calculated  in  the  same  manner.  we  identified  the  median  employee  using  the  amount  reported  as  compensation  on  the
employee’s  Form  w-2  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2020  for  all  individuals  who  were  employed  by  us  on  december  31,
2020, the last day of our payroll year (whether employed on a full-time, part-time, or seasonal basis).

Grants of Plan-Based Awards

the  following  table  sets  forth  information  concerning  the  grants  of  plan-based  awards  to  the  Company’s  named  executive
officers during the year ended december 31, 2020.

All Other 
Stock 
Awards: 
Number of 
Shares or
Stock Units(#)
(3)

All Other 
Option 
Awards: 
Number of 
Securities 
Underlying 
Options (#)(4)

Exercise or 
Base Price 
of Option 
Awards ($/Sh)(5)

Estimated Future Payouts 
Under Non-Equity 
Incentive Plan Awards(2)

Threshold ($)

Target ($)

487,500
-
-
-
253,500
-
-
-
243,750
-
-
-
260,000
-
-
-
 230,000
-
-
-

750,000
-
-
-
390,000
-
-
-
375,000
-
-
-
400,000
-
-
-
460,000
-
-
-

550,000
-
-

200,000
-
-

225,000
-
-

200,000
-
-

175,000
-
-

-
275,000
275,000(7)

-
100,000
100,000(7)

-
112,500
112,500(7)

13.20
15.51

13.20
15.51

13.20
15.51

-

100,000
100,000(7)

-
175,000

13.20
15.51

13.20

781,800
737,500

2,310,000
1,368,150

Grant 
Date 
Fair
Value 
of Stock 
and
Option 
Awards(6)
($)

7,260,000
2,149,950
2,028,125

2,640,000
781,800
737,500

2,970,000
879,525
829,688

2,640,000

Name
andrew J. Marsh

Paul B. Middleton

Sanjay K. Shrestha

Keith C. Schmid

Jose luis Crespo

Grant
Date (1)

-
09/28/20
09/28/20
09/28/20

09/28/20
09/28/20
09/28/20
-
09/28/20
09/28/20
09/28/20
-
09/28/20
09/28/20
09/28/20
-
09/28/20
09/28/20
09/28/20

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

each grant was approved by our Compensation Committee on the grant date indicated.

the amounts reported represent the threshold and target amounts of potential cash payouts under our annual incentive
bonus  program.  the  actual  amounts  paid  for  fiscal  year  2020  are  disclosed  in  the  “non-equity  incentive  Plan
Compensation” column of the 2020 Summary Compensation table above.

this  column  shows  the  number  of  restricted  shares  granted  in  2020  to  our  named  executive  officers.  the  restrictions
lapse  ratably  in three  equal annual  installments,  beginning  one year  from  the date  of grant,  subject  to the  executive’s
continued service to us through the applicable vesting date.

this  column  shows  the  number  of  shares  subject  to  stock  options  granted  in  2020  to  our  named  executive  officers.
these options vest and become exercisable ratably in three equal annual installments, beginning one year from the date
of grant, subject to the executive’s continued service to us through the applicable vesting date.

this column shows the per share exercise price for the stock options granted.

this  column  represents  the  aggregate  grant  date  fair  value  of  the  stock  awards  and  option  awards  computed  in
accordance with FaSB aSC topic 718. Pursuant to SeC rules, the amounts shown exclude the impact of

94

table of Contents

estimated  forfeitures.  For  additional  information  on  the  valuation  assumptions  with  respect  to  option  awards,  refer  to
note 18 of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in this annual Report on Form 10-K. these amounts reflect
the  Company’s  accounting  expense  for  these  awards,  excluding  the  impact  of  estimated  forfeitures,  and  do  not
correspond to the actual value that will be recognized by our named executive officers.

(7)

these represent premium priced stock options with exercise prices approximately 17.5% greater than the closing price
of our common stock on the date of grant.

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

the following table provides information on the holdings of stock and option awards by our named executive officers as
of december 31, 2020.  there were no other stock or option awards held by our named executive officers as of december 31,
2020.      For  additional  information  about  the  awards,  see  the  description  of  equity  incentive  compensation  in  the  section  titled
“Compensation discussion and analysis.”

Name
andrew J. Marsh

Paul B. Middleton

Sanjay K. Shrestha

Keith C. Schmid

Jose luis Crespo

Option Awards(1)(2)
Number of 
Securities 
Underlying 
Unexercised 
Options (#) 
Exercisable

Number of 
Securities 
Underlying 
Unexercised 
Options (#) 
Unexercisable

Stock Awards(1)(2)
Number of 
Shares or
Units of
Stock That
Have Not
Vested(#)

Market Value
of Shares or
Units of Stock
That Have Not
Vested($)(3)

Option 
Exercise 
Price ($)

Option 
Expiration 
Date

106,600
466,668
—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
100,000
1
—
41,667
—
41,667
—
—
—
1
—
—
—
—
—
—

—
—
166,667
—
216,667

—
216,667
275,000
—
275,000
66,667
—
83,333
—
83,333
100,000
—
100,000
100,000
—
112,500
—
112,500
—
83,333
—
83,333
—
83,333
100,000
—
100,000
66,667
—
66,667
—
66,667
175,000
—

6.10
2.14
1.96
—
2.23

—
2.62
13.20
—
15.51
1.96
—
2.23
—
2.62
13.20
—
15.51
2.31
—
13.20
—
15.51
0.57
1.96
—
2.23
—
2.62
13.20
—
15.51
1.96
—
2.23
—
2.62
13.20
—

4/13/21
8/31/27
8/28/28
—
8/19/29

—
8/19/29
9/28/30
—
9/28/30
8/28/28
—
8/19/29
—
8/19/29
9/28/30
—
9/28/30
5/09/29
—
9/28/30
—
9/28/30
10/23/23
8/28/28
—
8/19/29
—
8/19/29
9/28/30
—
9/28/30
8/28/28
—
8/19/29
—
8/19/29
9/28/30
—

—
—
—
166,667
—

433,333
—
—
550,000
—
—
66,667
—
166,667
—
—
200,000
—
—
100,000
—
225,000
—
—
—
83,333
—
166,667
—
—
200,000
—
—
66,667
—
133,333
—
—
175,000

—
—
—
5,651,678
—

14,694,322
—
—
18,650,500
—
—
2,260,678
—
5,651,678
—
—
6,782,000
—
—
3,391,000
—
7,629,750
—
—
—
2,825,822
—
5,651,678
—
—
6,782,000
—
—
2,260,678
—
4,521,322
—
—
5,934,250

Grant
Date

4/13/11
8/31/17
8/28/18
8/28/18
8/19/19

8/19/19
8/19/19
9/28/20
9/28/20
9/28/20
8/28/18
8/28/18
8/19/19
8/19/19
8/19/19
9/28/20
9/28/20
9/28/20
5/9/19
5/9/19
9/28/20
9/28/20
9/28/20
10/23/13
8/28/18
8/28/18
8/19/19
8/19/19
8/19/19
9/28/20
9/28/20
9/28/20
8/28/18
8/28/18
8/19/19
8/19/19
8/19/19
9/28/20
9/28/20

(1)

all equity awards were granted pursuant to our 2011 Plan.

95

table of Contents

(2)

(3)

each equity award vests over a three year period with one-third (1/3) of the shares subject to the award vesting on each
of  the  first  three  anniversaries  of  the  grant  date,  subject  to  the  executive’s  continued  service  to  us  through  each
applicable vesting date.
this column represents the market value of the unvested restricted stock awards calculated based on the closing price of
our common stock ($33.91) on december 31, 2020, the last business date of fiscal year 2020.

Options Exercised and Stock Vested

the  following  table  sets  forth  information  with  respect  to  each  of  our  named  executive  officers  that  exercised  stock

options or vested in restricted stock during the year ended december 31, 2020.

Option Exercises and Stock Vested - 2020

 Name

andrew J. Marsh

Paul B. Middleton

Sanjay K. Shrestha

Keith C. Schmid

Jose luis Crespo

Option Awards
Number of 
Shares 
Acquired on 
Exercise

Value 
Realized 
on Exercise(1)
($)

Stock Awards
Number of 
Shares 
Acquired on 
Vesting

4,570,831

34,704,898

383,333

1,566,667

26,878,515

149,999

Value 
Realized 
on Vesting(1)
($)

5,135,829

2,008,820

50,000

467,618

50,000

215,500

2,016,666

36,728,171

166,667

1,224,998

13,861,700

133,333

2,226,671

1,781,329

(1) the value realized on exercise is equal to the difference between the closing price of the stock on the exercise date less the

per share exercise price, multiplied by the number of shares for which the option was being exercised.

(2) amounts disclosed in this column were calculated based on the fair market value of the shares on the date of vesting.

Employment Agreements

the Company and Mr. Marsh are parties to an employment agreement which renews automatically for successive one-
year terms unless Mr. Marsh or the Company gives notice to the contrary. Mr. Marsh receives an annual base salary of $750,000
and is eligible to: (i) receive an annual incentive bonus targeted at an amount equal to one hundred percent (100%) of his annual
base salary; (ii) participate in all savings and retirement plans; and (iii) participate in all benefit plans and executive perquisites.
 Mr.  Marsh’s  employment  may  be  terminated  by  the  Company  with  or  without  “Cause,”  as  defined  in  the  agreement,  or  by
Mr. Marsh for “Good Reason,” as defined in the agreement, or without Good Reason upon written notice of termination to the
Company. if Mr. Marsh’s employment is terminated by the Company without Cause, the Company is obligated to pay Mr. Marsh
a lump sum equal to the sum of the following amounts:

(a)

(b)

one (1) times annual base salary, and

one (1) times the annual incentive bonus for the immediately preceding fiscal year.

in addition, as of the date of termination, any restricted stock, stock options and other stock awards held by Mr. Marsh
will accelerate vesting as if he had remained an employee for an additional twelve (12) months following the date of termination.
Further,  subject  to  Mr.  Marsh’s  copayment  of  premium  amounts  at  the  active  employees’  rate,  Mr.  Marsh  will  be  eligible  to
continue  to  participate  in  the  Company’s  group  health,  dental,  vision  and  life  insurance  programs  for  twelve  (12)  months
following his termination.

96

table of Contents

the agreement also provides that if, within twelve (12) months after a “Change in Control,” as defined in the agreement,
the  Company  terminates  Mr.  Marsh’s  employment  without  Cause  or  Mr.  Marsh  terminates  his  employment  for  Good  Reason,
then he is entitled to:

(i)

receive a lump sum payment equal to three (3) times the sum of (i) his current annual base salary plus
(ii)  his  average  annual  incentive  bonus  over  the  three  (3)  fiscal  years  prior  to  the  Change  in  Control  (or  his  annual
incentive bonus for the fiscal year immediately preceding to the Change in Control, if higher),

(ii)

accelerated vesting of his stock options and other stock-based awards that would have vested had he

remained an active employee for twelve (12) months following his termination, and

(iii)

subject  to  Mr.  Marsh’s  copayment  of  premium  amounts  at  the  active  employees’  rate,  continued
participation  in  the  Company’s  group  health,  dental,  vision  and  life  insurance  programs  for  twelve  (12)  months
following such termination.

the  Company  and  Messrs.  Middleton,  Shrestha,  Schmid  and  Crespo  are  each  parties  to  an  employment  agreement
pursuant to which, if the executive’s employment is terminated by the Company without “Cause,” as defined in the applicable
agreement, the Company is obligated to pay the executive a lump sum amount equal to one (1) times his annual base salary. in
addition,  as  of  the  date  of  termination,  any  restricted  stock,  stock  options  and  other  stock  awards  held  by  the  executive  will
accelerate  vesting  as  if  he  had  remained  an  employee  for  an  additional  twelve  (12)  months  following  the  date  of  termination.
Further,  subject  to  the  executive’s  copayment  of  premium  amounts  at  the  active  employees’  rate,  the  Company  is  required  to
continue  paying  its  share  of  the  premiums  for  the  executive’s  participation  in  the  Company’s  group  health  plans  for  twelve
(12) months following his termination.

the employment agreements also provide that if, within twelve (12) months after a “Change in Control,” as defined in
the applicable agreement, the Company terminates such executive’s employment without Cause or the executive terminates his
employment for “Good Reason” as defined in the applicable agreement, then such executive shall be entitled to:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

receive  a  lump  sum  payment  equal  to  the  sum  of  (i)  his  average  annual  base  salary  over  the  three  (3)  fiscal
years immediately prior to the Change in Control (or the executive’s annual base salary in effect immediately
prior to the Change in Control, if higher) and (ii) his average annual bonus over the three (3) fiscal years prior
to the Change in Control (or the executive’s annual bonus in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control,
if higher),

accelerated vesting of his stock options and other stock-based awards that would have vested had he remained
an  active  employee  for  twelve  (12)  months  following  his  termination  (or,  in  the  case  of  Mr.  Middleton,  full
accelerated vesting of all stock options and other stock-based awards held by him), and

subject to the executive’s copayment of premium amounts at the active employees’ rate, continued payment by
the  Company  of  its  share  of  the  premiums  for  the  executive’s  participation  in  the  Company’s  group  health
plans for twelve (12) months following the date of termination.

Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control

the  Company  and  Messrs.  Marsh,  Middleton,  Shrestha,  Schmid  and  Crespo  are  parties  to  employment  agreements,
respectively, that provide for a potential payment upon termination of employment other than for “Cause” as discussed above in
“employment agreements.”

Such payments by the Company to any of the executives are subject to the executive signing a general release of claims
in  a  form  and  manner  satisfactory  to  the  Company.  an  executive  is  not  entitled  to  receive  any  such  payment  in  the  event  he
breaches the employee Patent, Confidential information and non-Compete agreement referenced in the executive’s respective
agreement  or  any  non-compete,  non-solicit  or  non-disclosure  covenants  in  any  agreement  between  the  Company  and  such
executive. we agreed to provide severance payments to such executives in these circumstances based on our negotiations with
each of our executives at the time they joined our Company, or as negotiated subsequent to hiring, and in order to provide a total
compensation package that we believed to be competitive. additionally, we believe that providing severance upon a termination
of employment without Cause can help to encourage our executives to take

97

table of Contents

the  risks  that  we  believe  are  necessary  for  our  Company  to  succeed  and  also  recognizes  the  longer  hiring  process  typically
involved in hiring a senior executive.

if Mr. Marsh had been terminated  without Cause on december 31, 2020 and such termination  was not within twelve
(12) months following a Change in Control, the approximate value of the severance package, including, as mentioned above in
“employment agreements,” salary, benefits and accelerated vesting of equity awards, under his employment agreement would
have  been  $36,440,468.  if  Mr.  Middleton,  Mr.  Shrestha,  Mr.  Schmid,  or  Mr.  Crespo  had  been  terminated  without  Cause  on
december  31,  2020  and  such  termination  was  not  within  twelve  (12)  months  following  a  Change  in  Control,  the  approximate
value of the severance packages, including, as mentioned above in “employment agreements,” salary, benefits and accelerated
vesting  of  equity  awards,  under  the  employment  agreement  for  such  named  executive  officer  would  have  been  as  follows:
Mr. Middleton—$14,257,236, Mr. Shrestha—$8,029,183, Mr. Schmid—$15,383,037, and Mr. Crespo—$12,709,207.

the  Company  and  Messrs.  Marsh,  Middleton,  Shrestha,  Schmid,  and  Crespo  are  parties  to  employment  agreements,
respectively,  that  provide  for  a  potential  payment  upon  a  termination  of  employment  by  the  Company  without  Cause  or  a
resignation by the executive for Good Reason within twelve (12) months following a Change in Control, as discussed above in
“employment  agreements.”  Such  payments  by  the  Company  to  any  of  the  executives  are  subject  to  the  executive  signing  a
general  release  of  claims  in  a  form  and  manner  satisfactory  to  the  Company.  an  executive  is  not  entitled  to  receive  any  such
payment in the event he breaches the employee Patent, Confidential information and non-Compete agreement referenced in the
executive’s  respective  agreement  or  any  non-compete,  non-solicit  or  non-disclosure  covenants  in  any  agreement  between  the
Company and such executive.

we  agreed  to  provide  payments  to  these  executives  in  these  circumstances  in  order  to  provide  a  total  compensation
package that we believed to be competitive. additionally, the primary purpose of our equity-based incentive awards is to align
the  interests  of  our  executives  and  our  stockholders  and  provide  our  executives  with  strong  incentives  to  increase  stockholder
value over time. as change in control transactions  typically represent events where our stockholders  are realizing the value of
their equity interests in our Company, we believe it is appropriate for our executives to share in this realization of stockholder
value, particularly where their employment is terminated in connection with the change in control transaction. we believe that
this  will  also  help  to  better  align  the  interests  of  our  executives  with  our  stockholders  in  pursuing  and  engaging  in  these
transactions.

if  a  Change  in  Control  had  occurred  on  december  31,  2020  and  on  that  date  the  employment  of  Mr.  Marsh,
Mr. Middleton, Mr. Shrestha, Mr. Schmid, or Mr. Crespo had been terminated by the Company without Cause or the executive
had  resigned  for  Good  Reason,  the  value  of  the  of  the  severance  packages,  including,  as  mentioned  above  in  “employment
agreements,” salary, benefits and accelerated vesting of equity awards, under the employment agreements for each such named
executive  officer  would  have  been  as  follows:  Mr.  Marsh—$39,102,106,  Mr.  Middleton—$14,204,736,  Mr.  Shrestha—
$7,978,702,  Mr.  Schmid—$15,329,191,  and  Mr.  Crespo—$12,678,245.  the  employment  agreements  provide  for  a  modified
cutback  such  that,  any  payments  or  benefits  payable  under  the  employment  agreements  or  otherwise  would  be  subject  to  the
excise  tax  imposed  by  Section  4999  of  the  Code,  the  executive  will  receive  the  greater  after-tax  amount  of  either:  (i)  the  full
payment or (ii) a reduced payment that does not give rise to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code.  the foregoing
numbers  do  not  reflect  any  cutback.  none  of  the  executives  are  entitled  to  any  tax  gross-up  payments  related  to  severance
payments or otherwise.

Director Compensation

the  Compensation  Committee  periodically  reviews  the  Company’s  non-employee  director  Compensation  Plan  (the
“Plan”) to ensure that the compensation aligns the directors’ interests with the long-term interests of the stockholders and that the
structure of the compensation is simple, transparent and easy for stockholders to understand. the Compensation Committee also
considers whether the Plan fairly compensates the Company’s directors when considering the work required in a company of the
size  and  scope  of  the  Company,  and  looks  at  peer  group  compensation  for  directors  to  determine  whether  our  director
compensation is reasonable and competitive in relation to our peers. employee directors do not receive additional compensation
for their services as directors.

during  2020,  pursuant  to  the  Plan,  upon  initial  election  or  appointment  to  the  Board,  each  non-employee  director
received  a  non-qualified  stock  option  to  purchase  a  number  of  shares  equal  to  $150,000  divided  by  the  closing  price  of  our
common stock on the grant date, with an exercise price equal to fair market value of the Common Stock on the grant date and that
becomes fully vested and exercisable on the first anniversary of the grant date. in 2020, each director received an

98

table of Contents

annual equity grant comprised of (i) a non-qualified stock option for a number of shares equal to $62,500 divided by the closing
price of our common stock on the date of grant and (ii) a number of shares of restricted common stock equal to $62,500 divided
by the closing price of our common stock on the grant date. the stock option portion of the grant has an exercise price equal to
the fair market value of our common stock on the grant date and becomes fully vested and exercisable on the first anniversary of
the grant date. the restricted common stock grant becomes fully vested on the first anniversary of the grant date.

during 2020, under the Plan, each non-employee director was paid an annual retainer of $40,000 ($85,000 for any non-
employee  Chairman)  for  his  or  her  services.  Committee  members  received  additional  annual  retainers  for  their  service  on
committees of the Board in accordance with the following table:

Committee
audit Committee
Compensation Committee
Corporate Governance and nominating Committee

  Chairman ($)
  20,000
    15,000
    10,000

  Member ($)
  15,000
    5,000
    5,000

these additional payments for service on a committee are due to the workload and broad-based responsibilities of the
committees. the total amount of the annual retainer is paid in a combination of 50% cash and 50% common stock, provided that
the director may elect to receive a greater portion (up to 100%) of the total retainer in common stock. all common stock issued
for the annual retainers is fully vested at the time of issuance and is valued at its fair market value on the date of issuance. non-
employee directors are also reimbursed for their direct expenses associated with their attendance at Board meetings.  

the  Compensation  Committee  regularly  reviews  non-employee  director  compensation  in  comparison  to  our  industry
peer group, and considers growth in our market capitalization and sales, and other relevant factors including periodic independent
market assessments.  the Plan was amended by the Board in September 2020, effective as of January 1, 2021, to provide for (i)
an  increase  in  the  annual  retainer  payable  for  service  on  the  Board,  and  (ii)  an  increase  in  the  value  of  the  stock  option  and
restricted stock awards granted to non-employee directors upon initial election to the Board and annually. the adjustments to the
annual retainer and equity grants were designed to be competitive with our 2020 peer group.

effective January 1, 2021, pursuant to the Plan, upon initial election or appointment to the Board, each non-employee
director (other than Mr. Song) will receive a non-qualified stock option to purchase a number of shares equal to $225,000 divided
by the closing price of our common stock  on the grant  date, with an exercise  price  equal to fair  market  value of our common
stock on the grant date and that becomes fully vested and exercisable on the first anniversary of the grant date.  each year of a
non-employee director’s tenure, the director (other than Mr. Song) will receive an equity grant comprised of (i) a non-qualified
stock option for a number of shares equal to $112,500 divided by the closing price of our common stock on the date of the grant
and (ii) a number of shares of restricted common stock equal to $112,500 divided by the closing price of our common stock on
the grant date.  the stock option portion of the grant will have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common
stock  on  the  grant  date  and  become  fully  vested  and  exercisable  on  the  first  anniversary  of  the  grant  date.      the  restricted
common stock grant will become fully vested on the first anniversary of the grant date.

effective  January  1,  2021,  under  the  Plan,  each  non-employee  director  (other  than  Mr.  Song)  will  be  paid  an  annual
retainer  of  $60,000  ($125,000  for  any  non-employee  Chairman)  for  his  or  her  services.  Committee  members  will  receive
additional annual retainers for their service on committees of the Board in accordance with the following table:

Committee
audit Committee
Compensation Committee
Corporate Governance and nominating Committee

  Chairman ($)
  20,000
    15,000
    10,000

  Member ($)
  15,000
    5,000
    5,000

Mr.  Song  will  not  receive  any  compensation  as  director  (cash  or  equity)  pursuant  to  the  terms  of  the  investor

agreement.  

99

 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Non-Employee Director Compensation Table

the following table shows the compensation received  or earned by each of our non-employee directors  in fiscal  year
2020. Mr. Marsh, who is our President and Chief executive officer, did not receive any additional compensation for his service
as a director. the compensation received by Mr. Marsh, as a named executive officer, is presented in “executive Compensation
—2020 Summary Compensation table” above.

Name
Gary K. willis
George C. Mcnamee
Gregory l. Kenausis
Johannes M. Roth
Maureen o. helmer
Jonathan Silver
lucas P. Schneider

Fees Earned 
or Paid in 
Cash(1) ($)
70,000
90,000
60,000
50,000
65,000
45,000
45,000

Stock 
Awards(2) 
($)
62,500
62,500
62,500
62,500
62,500
62,500
62,500

Option 
Awards(3) 
($)
36,145
36,145
36,145
36,145
36,145
36,145
36,145

Total ($)
168,645
188,645
158,645
148,645
163,645
143,645
143,645

(1) each of the following non-employee directors elected to receive all or a portion of their annual retainers in common
stock in lieu of cash in the following amounts: Gary K. willis ($35,000), George C. Mcnamee ($45,000), Gregory l. Kenausis
($30,000),  Johannes  M.  Roth  ($50,000),  Maureen  o.  helmer  ($32,500),  Jonathan  Silver  ($28,125)  and  lucas  P.  Schneider
($22,500).

(2) this column represents the aggregate grant date fair value of the stock award computed in accordance with FaSB
aSC topic 718. Pursuant to SeC rules, the amounts shown exclude the impact of estimated forfeitures. Fair value is calculated
using the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant. Stock awards granted to directors as part of their annual retainer
are fully vested upon grant and annual restricted stock awards made to directors vest in full on the first anniversary of the grant
date.  For  additional  information  on  stock  awards,  refer  to  note  18  of  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  in  this
annual Report on Form 10-K. these amounts reflect the Company’s accounting expense for these awards, and do not necessarily
correspond to the actual value that will be recognized by the non-employee directors.  as of december 31, 2020, the following
non-employee directors each held 12,807 shares of restricted stock:  Gary K. willis, George C. Mcnamee, Gregory l. Kenausis,
Johannes M. Roth, Maureen o helmer, Jonathan Silver and lucas P. Schneider.

(3) this column represents the aggregate grant date fair value of the option award computed in accordance with FaSB
aSC  topic  718.  Pursuant  to  SeC  rules,  the  amounts  shown  exclude  the  impact  of  estimated  forfeitures.  For  additional
information on the valuation assumptions with respect to option awards, refer to note 18 of the Company’s consolidated financial
statements in this annual Report on Form 10-K. these amounts reflect the Company’s accounting expense for these awards, and
do  not  necessarily  correspond  to  the  actual  value  that  will  be  recognized  by  the  non-employee  directors.  as  of  december  31,
2020, the non-employee directors held options to purchase the following numbers of shares of common stock: Jonathan Silver
(12,807),  Gary  K.  willis  (170,827),  George  C.  Mcnamee  (128,827),  Gregory  l.  Kenausis  (233,827),  Johannes  M.  Roth
(243,827), Maureen o. helmer (39,863) and lucas P. Schneider (200,179).

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

during  2020,  Messrs.  willis  (Chairman),  Mcnamee,  and  Roth  served  as  members  of  the  Compensation  Committee.
none of the members of our Compensation Committee was an employee or officer of the Company during 2020, a former officer
of  the  Company,  or  had  any  other  relationships  with  us  requiring  disclosure  herein.  none  of  our  executive  officers  currently
serves or has served as a director or member of the compensation committee (or other committee serving an equivalent function)
of any other entity whose executive officers served as one of our directors or a member of the Compensation Committee.

100

table of Contents

Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Principal Stockholders

the  following  table  sets  forth  information  regarding  the  beneficial  ownership  of  our  common  stock  as  of  april    28,

2021:

●

●

●

●

all persons known by us to have beneficially owned 5% or more of our common stock;

each director of the Company;

the named executive officers; and

all directors and executive officers as a group.

the  beneficial  ownership  of  the  stockholders  listed  below  is  based  on  publicly  available  information  and  from

representations of such stockholders.

Name and Address of Beneficial Owner(1)
Grove energy Capital llC(3)
BlackRock, inc.(4)………………………………………………………………...
the Vanguard Group(5)
andrew J. Marsh
Paul B. Middleton
Sanjay K. Shrestha(6)
Keith C. Schmid(7)
Jose luis Crespo(8)
Kimberly a. harriman
Maureen o. helmer(9)
Gregory l. Kenausis(10)
George C. Mcnamee(11)
Johannes M. Roth(12)
lucas P. Schneider(13)
Jonathan Silver(14)……………………………………………………………..
Kyungyeol Song(15)
Gary K. willis(16)
all executive officers and directors as a group (16 persons)(17)

Shares Beneficially Owned(2)

Number

Percentage
(%)

54,966,188
47,161,335
40,465,986
293,598 
38,260
330,909
383,776
101,721
−
153,501
323,217
978,723
471,197
320,574
55,695
−
582,018
4,141,698

9.7%
8.3%
7.1%
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
0.7%

*

(1)

(2)

Represents less than 1% of the outstanding shares of our common stock.

unless otherwise indicated, we believe that each stockholder named in the table above has sole voting and investment
power  with  respect  to  all  shares  beneficially  owned  by  them.    unless  otherwise  indicated  by  footnote,  the  mailing
address for each stockholder is c/o Plug Power inc. 968 albany Shaker Road, latham, new York 12110.

the number of shares beneficially owned by each stockholder is determined under rules promulgated by the SeC and
includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. under Rule 13d-3 under the exchange act, beneficial
ownership includes any shares to which the individual or entity has sole or shared voting power or investment power
and includes any shares as to which the individual or entity has the right to acquire beneficial ownership within 60 days
of april 28, 2021, through the exercise of any warrant, stock option or other right. the inclusion in this table of such
shares, however, does not constitute an admission that the named stockholder is a direct or indirect beneficial owner of
such shares. the number of shares of our common stock outstanding used in calculating the percentage for each listed
person includes the shares of common stock underlying options,

101

table of Contents

warrants or other rights held by such person that are exercisable within 60 days of april 28, 2021 but excludes shares of
common stock underlying options, warrants or other rights held by any other person. Percentage of beneficial ownership
is based on 568,317,504 shares of common stock outstanding as of april 28, 2021. unless otherwise indicated, each of
the stockholders has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares of common stock beneficially owned
by the stockholder.

information is based on a Schedule 13d filed with the SeC on March 8, 2021.  Grove energy Capital llC is owned by
Plutus Capital nY, inc., a delaware corporation (“Plutus”), and PneS investments, llC, a delaware limited liability
company (“PneS”). Plutus is wholly-owned by SK holdings, a company organized under the laws of the Republic of
Korea,  and  PneS  is  wholly-owned  by  SK  e&S  americas,  inc.,  a  delaware  corporation  (“SK  e&S  americas”).    SK
e&S americas is wholly-owned by SK e&S Co., ltd., a company organized under the laws of the Republic of Korea
(“SK e&S”). 90% of the issued and outstanding common stock of SK e&S is owned by SK holdings.  the address of
the principal business office of Grove energy Capital llC is 55 east 59th Street, new York, nY 10022.

information is based on a Schedule 13G/a filed with the SeC on January 27, 2021. BlackRock, inc. reported sole voting
power over 46,314,057 shares of common stock and sole dispositive power over 47,161,335 shares of common stock.
 the address of the principal business office of BlackRock, inc. is 55 east 52nd Street, new York, nY 10055.

information is based on a Schedule 13G filed with the SeC on February 10, 2021. the Vanguard Group reported shared
voting power over 905,146 shares of common stock, sole dispositive power over 39,203,572 shares of common stock
and shared dispositive power over 1,262,414 shares of common stock. the address of the principal business office of
the Vanguard Group is 100 Vanguard Blvd, Malvern, Pa 19355.

includes 100,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options.

includes 183,335 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options.

includes 1 share of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options.

includes 39,863 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options.

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

includes 233,827 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options.

(11)

includes 88,827 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options, and 300,000 shares of common
stock held by a family trust.

(12)

includes 243,827 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options.

(13)

includes 200,179 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options.

(14)

includes 12,807 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options.

(15)

dr. Kyungyeol Song is  an employee  of SK e&S and will  not receive  any equity  awards pursuant  to  the  terms  of the
investor agreement.

(16)

includes 170,827 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options.

(17)

includes 1,273,493 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding options.

102

table of Contents

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

the  following  table  gives  information,  as  of  december  31, 2020, about  the  shares  of  our  common  stock  that  may  be
issued upon the exercise of options and restricted stock under the Company’s 1999 Stock option and incentive Plan, as amended
(the  “1999  Stock  option  Plan”),  and  the  Company’s  third  amended  and  Restated  2011  Stock  option  and  incentive  Plan  (the
“2011 Stock option Plan”):

Number of shares to be
issued upon exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(a)

Weighted average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
(b) (1)

Number of shares
remaining for future
issuance under equity  
compensation plans
(excluding shares
reflected in column (a))  
(c)

 15,234,454 (2)   $

 924,686 (4)   $

 16,159,140

 3.65  

 4.12  

 848,909 (3)

—
 848,909

Plan Category
equity compensation plans approved
by security holders
equity compensation plans not
approved by security holders
total

(1) the weighted-average exercise price is calculated solely based on outstanding options.
(2) Represents  121,019  outstanding  options  issued  under  the  1999  Stock  option  Plan,  9,238,793  outstanding  options  issued

under the 2011 Stock option Plan and 5,874,642 shares of restricted stock granted under the 2011 Stock option Plan.

(3)

includes shares available for future issuance under the 2011 Stock option Plan.

included in equity compensation plans not approved by stockholders are shares granted to new employees as an inducement to
join the Company pursuant to Rule 5635(c)(4) of the naSdaQ Rules.

Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Investor Agreement

Pursuant  to  the  investor  agreement  described  under  Part  iii.  “item  13.  Certain  Relationships  and  Related  Party
transactions, and director independence,” Grove energy, a subsidiary of SK holdings, is entitled to designate one SK designee
to be appointed to the Board.  Grove energy has the right to require the Board to nominate a SK designee for election to the
Board by the stockholders of the Company at annual stockholder meetings until the earliest of (i) the date on which Grove energy
and affiliates beneficially own less than 4.0% of our issued and outstanding common stock, (ii) February 24, 2023, in the event
that the Company and SK e&S have not entered into the asia JV agreement, and (iii) any expiration or termination of the asia
JV agreement.

Related Party Transaction Policy

the Board has adopted a written related party transaction policy that requires the Company’s General Counsel, together
with outside counsel as necessary, to evaluate potential transactions to which the Company is a participant and in which a related
party  or  an  affiliate  of  a  related  party  has  an  interest  prior  to  the  Company  entering  into  any  such  transaction  to  determine
whether  such  contemplated  transaction  requires  the  approval  of  the  Board,  the  audit  Committee,  both  or  neither.  the  policy
defines a “related party” as: (i) the Company’s directors or executive officers, (ii) the Company’s director nominees, (iii) security
holders known to the Company to beneficially own more than 5% of any class of the Company’s voting securities, or (iv) the
immediate family members of any of the persons listed in items (i) - (iii).

other than as otherwise disclosed herein, since January 1, 2020, there was no transaction or series of similar transactions
to which the Company was or will be a party in which the amount involved exceeded or will exceed $120,000 and in which any
related party had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.

103

    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Director Independence

the Board of directors has determined that Messes. helmer and harriman, dr. Kenausis and Messrs. Mcnamee, willis,

Silver, Roth, Song and Schneider are independent directors as defined in Rule 5605(a)(2) under the naSdaQ Rules.

Item 14.  Principal Accounting Fees and Services

the following table presents fees for professional services rendered by KPMG llP for the integrated audit of the
Company’s annual financial statements and internal control over financial reporting and fees billed for other services rendered by
KPMG llP:

audit Fees
audit-Related Fees
tax Fees
all other Fees
total

2020

$3,096,900
$30,000
—
—
$3,126,900

2019

$1,064,325
$30,000
—
—
$1,094,325

in the above table, and in accordance with SeC definitions and rules: (1) “audit fees” are fees for professional services
for the audit of the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in Form 10-K, audit of the Company’s internal controls
over financial reporting, review of unaudited interim consolidated financial statements included in Form 10-Qs, or for services
that  are  normally  provided  by  the  accountant  in  connection  with  statutory  and  regulatory  filings  or  engagements;  (2)  “audit-
related fees” are fees for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of
the Company’s consolidated financial statements;  (3) “tax fees” are fees for tax compliance, tax advice, and tax planning; and
(4) “all other fees” are fees for any services not included in the first three categories.

the audit Committee pre-approved all audit and audit-related services provided to the Company by KPMG llP during fiscal
year 2020.

Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

15(a)(1) Financial Statements

PART IV

the  financial  statements  and  notes  are  listed  in  the  index  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  on  page  F-1  of  this

annual Report on Form 10-K.

15(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules

the  financial  statement  schedules  are  listed  in  the  index  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  on  page  F-1  of  this

annual Report on Form 10-K.

all  other  schedules  not  filed  herein  have  been  omitted  as  they  are  not  applicable,  or  the  required  information  or

equivalent information has been included in the Consolidated Financial Statements or the notes thereto.

104

table of Contents

15(a)(3) Exhibits

the following exhibits are filed as part of and incorporated by reference into this annual Report on Form 10-K.

Exhibit No.

Description

2.1

2.2

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9*

3.10

agreement and Plan of Merger, dated June 22, 2020, by and among Plug Power inc., Giner elX, inc., Giner elX
Sub, llC, Giner elX Merger Sub, inc. and Giner, inc., as the representative of the stockholders of Giner elX, inc.
(filed as exhibit 2.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 23, 2020 and incorporated by
reference herein)

agreement  and  Plan  of  Merger,  dated  June  18,  2020,  by  and  among  Plug  Power  hydrogen  holdings,  inc.,  uhG
Merger  Sub,  inc.,  united  hydrogen  Group  inc.  and  Vladimir  Prerad,  as  the  representative  of  the  stockholders  of
united hydrogen Group inc. (filed as exhibit 2.2 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June
23, 2020 and incorporated by reference herein)

   amended  and  Restated  Certificate  of  incorporation  of  Plug  Power  inc.  (filed  as  exhibit  3.1  to  Plug  Power  inc.’s

annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended december 31, 2008 and incorporated by reference herein)

Certificate  of  amendment  to  amended  and  Restated  Certificate  of  incorporation  of  Plug  Power  inc.  (filed  as
exhibit  3.3  to  Plug  Power  inc.’s  annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2008  and
incorporated by reference herein)

Second Certificate of amendment of amended and Restated Certificate of incorporation of Plug Power inc. (filed
as  exhibit  3.1  to  Plug  Power  inc.’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  filed  on  May  19,  2011  and  incorporated  by
reference herein)

third Certificate of amendment of amended and Restated Certificate of incorporation of Plug Power inc. (filed as
exhibit 3.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 25, 2014 and incorporated by reference
herein)

Certificate of Correction to third Certificate of amendment of amended and Restated Certificate of incorporation
of  Plug  Power  inc.  (filed  as  exhibit  3.9  to  Plug  Power  inc.’s  annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  for  the  year  ended
december 31, 2016 and incorporated by reference herein)

Fourth Certificate of amendment of amended and Restated Certificate of incorporation of Plug Power inc. (filed as
exhibit 3.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 30, 2017 and incorporated by reference
herein)

Certificate of designations, Preferences and Rights of a Series of Preferred Stock of Plug Power inc. classifying and
designating the Series a Junior Participating Cumulative Preferred Stock. (filed as exhibit 3.1 to Plug Power inc.’s
Registration Statement on Form 8-a filed on June 24, 2009 and incorporated by reference herein)

Certificate of designations, Preferences and Rights of a Series of Preferred Stock of Plug Power inc. classifying and
designating the Series C Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock. (filed as exhibit 3.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current
Report on Form 8-K filed on May 20, 2013 and incorporated by reference herein)

Fourth amended and Restated By-laws of Plug Power inc.

Certificate of designations, Preferences and Rights of a Series of Preferred Stock of Plug Power inc. classifying and
designating the Series e Convertible Preferred Stock (filed as exhibit 3.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on
Form 8-K filed on november 2, 2018 and incorporated by reference herein)

105

table of Contents

Exhibit No.

Description

4.1

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.5

Specimen certificate for shares of common stock, $.01 par value, of Plug Power inc. (filed as exhibit 4.1 to Plug
Power inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File number 333-86089) and incorporated by reference herein)

indenture, dated as of May 18, 2020, between Plug Power inc. and wilmington trust, national association (filed as
exhibit 4.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 19, 2020 and incorporated by reference
herein)

Form of 3.75% Convertible Senior notes due June 1, 2025 (filed as exhibit 4.2 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed on May 19, 2020 and incorporated by reference herein)

warrant  to  Purchase  Common  Stock,  issued  april  4,  2017,  between  Plug  Power  inc.  and  amazon.com  nV
investment holdings llC (filed as exhibit 4.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on april 5,
2017 and incorporated by reference herein)

warrant  to  Purchase  Common  Stock,  issued  July  20,  2017,  between  Plug  Power  inc.  and  wal-Mart  Stores,  inc.
(filed as exhibit 4.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 21, 2017 and incorporated by
reference herein)

4.6*

description of the Registrant's securities registered under Section 12 of the Securities exchange act of 1934

10.1#

employee  Stock  Purchase  Plan  (filed  as  exhibit  10.34  to  Plug  Power  inc.’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  S-1
(File number 333-86089) and incorporated by reference herein)

10.2#*

Form of director indemnification agreement

10.3#*

Form of officer indemnification agreement

10.4#

10.5#

10.6#

10.7#

10.8#

10.9#

employment agreement, dated as of april 7, 2008, between andrew Marsh and Plug Power inc. (filed as exhibit
10.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on april 7, 2008 and incorporated by reference herein)

executive employment agreement, dated as of May 5, 2008, between Gerard l. Conway, Jr. and Plug Power inc.
(filed as exhibit 10.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on august 7, 2008 and incorporated
by reference herein)

executive employment agreement, dated as of october 23, 2013, between Keith C. Schmid and Plug Power inc.
(filed as exhibit 99.2 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on october 29, 2013 and incorporated
by reference herein)

executive employment agreement, dated as of november 6, 2014, between Paul B. Middleton and Plug Power inc.
(filed  as  exhibit  99.2  to  Plug  Power  inc.’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  filed  on  november  12,  2014  and
incorporated by reference herein)

Form of incentive Stock option agreement (filed as exhibit 10.2 to Plug Power inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q filed on august 11, 2011 and incorporated by reference herein)

Form  of  non-Qualified  Stock  option  agreement  for  employees  (filed  as  exhibit  10.3  to  Plug  Power  inc.’s
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on august 11, 2011 and incorporated by reference herein)

10.10#

Form  of  non-Qualified  Stock  option  agreement  for  independent  directors  (filed  as  exhibit  10.4  to  Plug  Power
inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on august 11, 2011 and incorporated by reference herein)

106

table of Contents

Exhibit No.

10.11#

10.12

10.13

10.14

10.15

10.16

10.17

10.18

10.19

10.20

10.21

10.22

10.23

Description

Form of Restricted Stock award agreement (filed as exhibit 10.5 to Plug Power inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q filed on august 11, 2011 and incorporated by reference herein)

Purchase and Sale agreement dated as of January 24, 2013, between Plug Power inc. and 968 albany Shaker Road
associates, llC (filed as exhibit 10.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on april 1, 2013 and
incorporated by reference herein)

amendment to Purchase and Sale agreement dated as of March 13, 2013 between Plug Power inc. and 968 albany
Shaker Road associates, llC (filed as exhibit 10.2 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on april
1, 2013 and incorporated by reference herein)

Stock  Purchase  agreement  dated  as  of  January  6,  2021,  between  Plug  Power  inc.,  Grove  energy  Capital  llC,
Plutus Capital nY, inc., and SK e&S americas, inc. (filed as exhibit 10.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on
Form 8-K filed on January 7, 2021 and incorporated by reference herein)

investor agreement, dated as of February 24, 2021, between Plug Power inc., Grove energy Capital llC, SK
holdings, Co., ltd. and SK e&S Co., ltd. (filed as exhibit 10.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K
filed on February 25, 2021 and incorporated by reference herein)

transaction agreement, dated as of april 4, 2017, between Plug Power inc. and amazon.com, inc. (filed as exhibit
10.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on april 5, 2017 and incorporated by reference herein)

transaction  agreement,  dated  as  of  July  20,  2017,  between  Plug  Power  inc.  and  wal-Mart  Stores,  inc.  (filed  as
exhibit 10.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 21, 2017 and incorporated by reference
herein)

Master lease agreement, dated as of June 30, 2017, between Plug Power inc. and wells Fargo equipment Finance,
inc. (filed as exhibit 10.2 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 21, 2017 and incorporated
by reference herein)

Base  Call  option  Confirmation,  dated  as  of  May  13,  2020,  between  Plug  Power  inc.  and  Morgan  Stanley  &  Co.
llC.  (filed  as  exhibit  10.1  to  Plug  Power  inc.’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  filed  on  May  19,  2020  and
incorporated by reference herein)

Base  Call  option  Confirmation,  dated  as  of  May  13,  2020,  between  Plug  Power  inc.  and  wells  Fargo  Bank,
national  association.  (filed  as  exhibit  10.2  to  Plug  Power  inc.’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  filed  on  May  19,
2020 and incorporated by reference herein)

Forward  Stock  Purchase  transaction  Confirmation,  dated  as  of  March  22,  2018,  between  Plug  Power  inc.  and
Morgan Stanley & Co, llC (filed as exhibit 10.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March
28, 2018 and incorporated by reference herein)

amendment  to  Forward  Stock  Purchase  transaction,  dated  as  of  May  13,  2020,  between  Plug  Power  inc.  and
Morgan Stanley & Co. llC. (filed as exhibit 10.3 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May
19, 2020 and incorporated by reference herein)

at Market issuance Sales agreement, dated april 13, 2020, by and between Plug Power inc. and B. Riley FBR, inc.
(filed as exhibit 1.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on april 13, 2020 and incorporated by
reference herein)

107

table of Contents

Exhibit No.

10.24

10.25

10.26

10.27#

10.28

10.29

10.30

10.31*

10.32*

23.1*

24.1*

31.1*

31.2*

Description

loan  and  Security  agreement  dated  March  29,  2019,  among  Plug  Power  inc.,  emerging  Power  inc.,  emergent
Power inc., and Generate lending, llC (filed as exhibit 10.1 to Plug Power inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K
filed on april 3, 2019 and incorporated by reference herein)

First amendment to loan and Security agreement dated March 29, 2019, among Plug Power inc. and emerging
Power inc., emergent Power inc., and Generate lending, llC (filed as exhibit 10.2 to Plug Power inc.’s Current
Report on Form 8-K filed on april 3, 2019 and incorporated by reference herein)

First  amended  and  Restated  Master  lease  agreement,  dated  as  of  July  30,  2018,  between  Plug  Power  inc.  and
wells  Fargo  equipment  Finance,  inc. (filed  as  exhibit  10.4  to Plug Power inc.’s  Current  Report on Form 10-Q
filed on May 8, 2019 and incorporated by reference herein)

third  amended  and  Restated  2011  Stock  option  and  incentive  Plan  (filed  as  exhibit  10.1  to  Plug  Power  inc.’s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 15, 2019 and incorporated by reference herein)

third  amendment  to  loan  and  Security  agreement,  dated  September  6,  2019,  among  Plug  Power  inc.  and
emerging  Power  inc.,  emergent  Power  inc.,  and  Generate  lending,  llC  (filed  as  exhibit  10.3  to  Plug  Power
inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 9, 2019 and incorporated by reference herein)

Fourth  amendment  to  loan  and  Security  agreement,  dated  november  27,  2019,  among  Plug  Power  inc.  and
emerging  Power  inc.,  emergent  Power  inc.,  and  Generate  lending,  llC  (filed  as  exhibit  10.1  to  Plug  Power
inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on december 2, 2019 and incorporated by reference herein)

Sixth amendment  to loan and Security  agreement,  dated  as of May 13, 2020, by and among  Plug Power inc.,
emerging  Power  inc.,  emergent  Power  inc.  and  Generate  lending,  llC  (filed  as  exhibit  10.1  to  Plug  Power
inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 14, 2020 and incorporated by reference herein)

Master  lease  agreement,  dated  as  of  april  10,  2019,  between  Plug  Power  inc.  and  wells  Fargo  equipment
Finance, inc.

Master  lease  agreement,  dated  as  of  July  20,  2020,  between  Plug  Power  inc.  and  wells  Fargo  equipment
Finance, inc.

Consent of KPMG llP

Power of attorney (incorporated by reference to the signature page of this report on Form 10-K)

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief executive officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-oxley
act of 2002

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes oxley
act of 2002

32.1**

Section 1350 Certification of Chief executive officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes oxley act of 2002

32.2**

Section 1350 Certification of Chief Financial officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes oxley act of 2002

101.inS*

XBRl instance document.

101.SCh*

XBRl taxonomy extension Schema document.

108

table of Contents

Exhibit No.

Description

101.inS*

inline XBRl instance document (1)

101.SCh*

XBRl taxonomy extension Schema document (1)

101.Cal*

XBRl taxonomy extension Calculation linkbase document (1)

101.deF*

XBRl taxonomy extension definition linkbase document (1)

101.laB*

XBRl taxonomy extension labels linkbase document (1)

101.PRe*

XBRl taxonomy extension Presentation linkbase document (1)

104

Cover Page interactive data File (embedded within the inline XBRl document) (1)

(1)

*

Filed herewith.

Submitted electronically herewith.

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

not applicable.

109

table of Contents

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Know  all  Men  BY  theSe  PReSentS  that  each  individual  whose  signature  appears  below  constitutes  and
appoints each of andrew Marsh, Paul B. Middleton and Gerard l. Conway, Jr. such person’s true and lawful attorney-in-fact and
agent with full power of substitution, for such person and in such person’s name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign
any and all amendments to this annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and all documents in
connection  therewith,  with  the  Securities  and  exchange  Commission,  granting  unto  each  said  attorney-in-fact  and  agent  full
power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises,
as fully to all intents and purposes as such person might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that any said
attorney-in-fact and agent, or any substitute or substitutes of any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

date: May 13, 2021  

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities exchange act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following

persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

/s/ andRew MaRSh
andrew Marsh

/s/ Paul B. Middleton

Paul B. Middleton

/s/ MaRtin d. hull

Martin d. hull

/s/ luCaS P. SChneideR
lucas P. Schneider

/s/ MauReen o. helMeR
Maureen o. helmer

/s/ Jonathan SilVeR
Jonathan Silver

/s/ GReGoRY l. KenauSiS
Gregory l. Kenausis

/s/ GeoRGe C. MCnaMee
George C. Mcnamee

/s/ JohanneS Minho Roth
Johannes Minho Roth

/s/ GaRY K. williS
Gary K. willis

    President, Chief executive officer and director

(Principal executive officer)

May 13, 2021

Chief Financial officer

(Principal Financial officer)

May 13, 2021

Controller & Chief accounting officer

May 13, 2021

(Principal accounting officer)

May 13, 2021

May 13, 2021

May 13, 2021

May 13, 2021

May 13, 2021

May 13, 2021

May 13, 2021

director

director

director

director

director

director

director

110

    
table of Contents

/s/ KYunGYeol SonG
Kyungyeol Song

director

/s/ KiMBeRlY a. haRRiMan

director

Kimberly a. harrima

May 13, 2021

May 13, 2021

111

table of Contents

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Report of independent Registered Public accounting Firm
Consolidated balance sheets as of december 31, 2020 and 2019
Consolidated statements of operations for the years ended december 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018
Consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the years ended december 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018
Consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity (deficit) for the years ended december 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018
Consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended december 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018
notes to consolidated financial statements

Page
F-2
F-7
F-8
F-9
F-10
F-11
F-12

F-1

table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors 
Plug Power Inc.:

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Plug Power Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company)
as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss,
stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2020,
and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial
statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and
2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended
December 31, 2020, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United
States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria
established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations
of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated May 13, 2021 expressed an adverse opinion on the effectiveness
of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Restatement of Previously Issued Financial Statements

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the 2019 and 2018 financial statements have been
restated to correct misstatements.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm
registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the
U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and
the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of
material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks
of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing
procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the
amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the
consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

F-2

table of Contents

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated
financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1)
relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our
especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in
any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating
the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or
disclosures to which they relate.

Stand-alone selling price

As discussed in Notes 4 and 19 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s contracts with
customers generally contain multiple performance obligations, and the total transaction price is allocated for
purposes of recognizing revenue based on relative standalone selling prices. The Company estimates
standalone selling prices for fuel cells by considering several inputs, including prices from a limited number of
standalone sales as well as the Company’s negotiations with customers. The Company also considers its
costs to produce fuel cells as well as comparable list prices in estimating standalone selling prices. For
services performed on fuel cells and infrastructure, the Company uses an adjusted market assessment
approach that considers market conditions and constraints, the Company’s market share, pricing strategies
and objectives while maximizing the use of available observable inputs obtained from a limited number of
historical standalone service renewal prices and negotiations with customers. The Company recognized net
revenue from the sales of fuel cells of $(55.1) million and sales of services of $(9.8) million for the year ended
December 31, 2020.

We identified the evaluation of the sufficiency of audit evidence obtained related to the standalone selling
prices for fuel cells and services as a critical audit matter. Significant auditor judgment was required to
evaluate the appropriateness of the estimate of standalone selling prices for fuel cells as well as services
performed on fuel cells and infrastructure, because of the nature of the technology, its emerging market
acceptance and the Company’s limited history of selling these products and services on a standalone basis.

The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the
design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the Company’s process to
estimate standalone selling prices. This included controls related to the assessment of the relevance and
reliability of the inputs mentioned above. We applied auditor judgment to determine the nature and extent of
procedures to be performed over standalone selling prices. We inquired of operational and financial
personnel to understand the Company’s pricing strategies, negotiations with customers, and prices that
customers are willing to pay for fuel cells and services. We evaluated the Company’s estimates of standalone
selling prices by comparing those estimates to supporting documentation, such as a selection of historical
sales transactions, correspondence with customers, and industry research. We evaluated the sufficiency of
audit evidence obtained over standalone selling prices by assessing the results of procedures performed,
including the appropriateness of the nature of such evidence.

Evaluation of a waiver of warrant vesting conditions

As discussed in Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements, in April 2017, the Company issued
warrants to a customer to acquire up to 55,286,696 shares of the Company’s common stock, the vesting of
which was conditioned upon payments made by the customer for the future purchase of goods and services
from the Company. On December 31, 2020, the Company waived the warrants’ remaining vesting conditions
(the Waiver), which resulted in the immediate vesting of all remaining unvested warrants and recognition of a
$399.7 million reduction to revenue. The amount of the revenue reduction was determined by the Company’s
assessment of the number of warrants that were considered probable of vesting under the terms of the
original arrangement, based on projections of probable future cash collections.

F-3

table of Contents

We identified the evaluation of the accounting for and impact of the Waiver as a critical audit matter. A high
degree of auditor judgment was required to evaluate the appropriate accounting for the Waiver as a different
accounting conclusion could have had a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. Also, the
Company’s assessment of the number of warrants that were considered probable of vesting immediately
prior to the waiver required significant auditor judgment. Specifically, subjective auditor judgment was
required to evaluate the Company’s projections of probable future cash collections from the customer under
the terms of the original arrangement used to determine the probability of vesting.

The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the
design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls over the Company’s accounting for
the Waiver, including controls over the Company’s process for accounting for the Waiver and the estimate of
probable future cash collections from the customer. We evaluated the Company’s assessment of the
accounting for the Waiver, including the determination that the Waiver resulted an immediate reduction to
revenue. We obtained and read the Waiver agreement and inquired of key executives involved in the Waiver
transaction as well as the board of directors. To evaluate management’s assessment of the number of
warrants that were considered probable of vesting under the terms of the original arrangement, we compared
the amount of projected probable future cash collections from the customer to either (1) purchase orders
received from the customer for fuel cells, infrastructure and service, or (2) historical fuel purchases by the
customer.

Maintenance cost projections in the accrual for loss contracts

As discussed in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company records an accrual for loss
contracts if the sum of expected costs of providing maintenance services for fuel cell systems and related
infrastructure exceeds related unearned net revenues over the remaining contract term. The Company
recorded an accrual for loss contracts of $24.0 million as of December 31, 2020. Maintenance costs are
estimated in determining the accrual for loss contracts based upon current service cost levels and the
estimated impact of the Company’s expected cost savings initiatives. Estimating the impact of the expected
cost savings initiatives requires significant judgment. The estimated accrual for loss contracts is sensitive to
changes in the assumed cost savings.

We identified the evaluation of maintenance cost projections in the accrual for loss contracts as a critical
audit matter. A high degree of auditor judgment was required to evaluate the expected remaining service
costs required to fulfill the related customer maintenance contracts. Specifically, assessing the likelihood of
achieving as well as the expected impact of the cost savings initiatives required challenging auditor judgment.
Minor changes in the expected costs of providing maintenance services could have had a significant effect on
the amount of the recorded accrual for loss contracts.

The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We inquired of
operational and financial personnel to understand the technical elements of planned operational changes and
how and when those initiatives are expected to result in cost savings relative to the Company’s current cost
of providing maintenance services. We obtained underlying documentation supporting expected cost savings
associated with certain initiatives, and actual cost savings realized in 2020 in connection with one customer
site and compared them to the Company’s analysis of expected costs of providing maintenance services
utilized in the accrual for loss contracts. We performed sensitivity analyses to assess the impact of possible
changes to the expected costs of providing maintenance services on the Company’s estimated accrual for
loss contracts.

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2001.

Albany, NY 
May 13, 2021

F-4

table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors 
Plug Power Inc.:

Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We have audited Plug Power Inc. and subsidiaries’ (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, because of the effect of the
material weakness, described below, on the achievement of the objectives of the control criteria, the Company has
not maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria
established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations
of the Treadway Commission.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United
States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related
consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity (deficit), and cash flows for each of
the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2020, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated 
financial statements), and our report dated May 13, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated 
financial statements. 

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such
that  there  is  a  reasonable  possibility  that  a  material  misstatement  of  the  company’s  annual  or  interim  financial
statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The following material weakness has been identified
and included in management’s assessment:

The  Company  did  not  maintain  a  sufficient  complement  of  trained,  knowledgeable  resources  to  execute  their
responsibilities  with  respect  to  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  for  certain  financial  statement  accounts  and
disclosures.  As  a  consequence,  the  Company  did  not  conduct  an  effective  risk  assessment  process  that  was
responsive to changes in the Company's operating environment and did not design and implement effective process-
level controls activities in the following areas:

— presentation of operating expenses
— accounting for lease-related transactions
— identification  and  evaluation  of  impairment,  accrual  for  loss  contracts,  certain  expense  accruals,  and  deemed

dividends; and

— timely identification of adjustments to physical inventory in interim periods    

The material weakness was considered in determining the nature, timing, and extent of audit tests applied in our audit
of  the  2020  consolidated  financial  statements,  and  this  report  does  not  affect  our  report  on  those  consolidated
financial statements.

The Company acquired Giner ELX, Inc. and United Hydrogen Group Inc. (the Acquired Companies) during 2020, and
management excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2020, the Acquired Companies’ internal control over financial reporting associated with
total assets of $58.0 million, excluding goodwill and intangible assets of $94.9 million, and total revenues of $7.8
million included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31,
2020. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal
control over financial reporting of the Acquired Companies.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for
its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility

F-5

table of Contents

is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a
public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in
accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and
Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was
maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an
understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and
testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our
audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting
includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail,
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made
only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may
deteriorate.

Albany, NY 
May 13, 2021

F-6

table of Contents

PLUG POWER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

total current assets

Restricted cash
Property, plant, and equipment, net
Right of use assets related to finance leases, net
Right of use assets related to operating leases, net
equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net
Goodwill
intangible assets, net
other assets

total assets

Liabilities, Redeemable Preferred Stock, and Stockholders’ Equity

Current liabilities:

accounts payable
accrued expenses
deferred revenue
 operating lease liabilities
 Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Current portion of long-term debt
other current liabilities

total current liabilities

deferred revenue
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Convertible senior notes, net
long-term debt
other liabilities

total liabilities

Redeemable preferred stock:

Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share (aggregate involuntary
liquidation preference $16,664); 10,431 shares authorized; issued and outstanding: zero at december 31,
2020 and 2,620 at december 31, 2019
Series e convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share; Shares authorized: 35,000 at both
december 31, 2020 and december 31, 2019; issued and outstanding: zero at december 31, 2020 and
500 at december 31, 2019

Stockholders’ equity:

Common stock, $0.01 par value per share; 750,000,000 shares authorized; issued: 473,977,469 at
december 31, 2020 and 318,637,560 at december 31, 2019
additional paid-in capital
accumulated other comprehensive income
accumulated deficit
less common stock in treasury: 15,926,068 at december 31, 2020 and 15,259,045 at december 31,
2019

total stockholders’ equity
total liabilities, redeemable preferred stock, and stockholders’ equity

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-7

2020

2019 (as restated)

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,312,404
64,041
43,041
139,386
44,324
1,603,196

257,839
74,549
5,724
117,016
75,807
72,387
39,251
5,513
2,251,282

50,198
46,083
23,275
14,314
903
32,717
25,389
29,487
222,366
32,944
99,624
4,493
148,836
85,640
150,013
40,447
784,363

—  

—

139,496
54,813
25,768
72,391
21,192
313,660

175,191
14,959
1,714
63,266
67,769
8,842
5,539
8,573
659,513

40,376
14,409
11,691
9,428
226
24,667
26,461
6,704
133,962
23,170
50,937
2,011
119,422
110,431
85,708
2,818
528,459

709

441

4,740
3,446,650
2,451
(1,946,488)

(40,434)
1,466,919
2,251,282

$

$

3,186
1,506,953
1,288
(1,350,307)

(31,216)
129,904
659,513

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

PLUG POWER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

net revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

net revenue
Cost of revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Provision (benefit) for loss contracts related to service
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

total cost of revenue

Gross (loss) profit

operating expenses:

Research and development
Selling, general and administrative
impairment of long-lived assets
Change in fair value of contingent consideration

total operating expenses

operating loss

interest and other expense, net
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability

loss before income taxes

income tax benefit

net loss attributable to the Company

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and accretion of discount

net loss attributable to common stockholders

net loss per share:

Basic and diluted

2020

2019
(as restated)

2018
(as restated)

(94,295) $
(9,801)
26,620
(16,072)
311
(93,237)

171,404
42,524
35,473
64,640
61,815
323
376,179

$

149,920
25,217
25,553
29,099
186
229,975

97,915
34,582
(394)
41,777
45,247
200
219,327

107,175
22,002
22,569
22,469
—
174,215

85,205
32,271
5,345
41,361
36,037
—
200,219

(469,416)

10,648

(26,004)

27,848
79,348
6,430
1,160
114,786

15,059
43,202
—
—
58,261

12,750
37,685
—
—
50,435

(584,202)

(47,613)

(76,439)

(60,484)
17,686

—  

(35,691)
(518)
79

(22,750)
—
4,286

(627,000) $

(83,743)

$

(94,903)

30,845

—  

9,295

(596,155) $

(83,743)

$

(85,608)

(26)
(596,181) $

(1,812)
(85,555)

$

(52)
(85,660)

(1.68) $

(0.36)

$

(0.39)

$

$

$

$

$

weighted average number of common stock outstanding

354,790,106

  237,152,780

  218,882,337

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-8

    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

PLUG POWER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands)

net loss attributable to the Company
other comprehensive gain (loss) - foreign currency translation
adjustment
Comprehensive loss attributable to the Company

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and accretion
of discount
Comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders

2020
(596,155)

1,163
(594,992)

(26)
(595,018)

$

$

$

$

$

$

2019
(as restated)

2018
(as restated)

(83,743)

$

(85,608)

(296)
(84,039)

(1,812)
(85,851)

$

$

(610)
(86,218)

(52)
(86,270)

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-9

    
    
    
 
 
 
table of Contents

PLUG POWER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands, except share amounts)

December 31, 2017, as restated

Cumulative effect from the adoption of
aSC 842, as restated
net loss attributable to the Company,
as restated
other comprehensive loss
Stock-based compensation
Stock dividend
Public offerings, common stock, net
Stock option exercises
equity component of convertible senior
notes, net of issuance costs and income
tax benefit, as restated
Purchase of capped call
Purchase of common stock forward
exercise of warrants
Provision for common stock warrants

December 31, 2018, as restated

net loss attributable to the Company,
as restated
other comprehensive loss, as restated  
Stock-based compensation
Stock dividend
Public offerings, common stock, net, as
restated
Stock option exercises
exercise of warrants
Provision for common stock warrants
accretion of discount, preferred stock
Conversion of preferred stock
December 31, 2019, as restated

net loss attributable to the Company
other comprehensive gain
Stock-based compensation
Stock dividend
Public offerings, common stock, net
Stock option exercises
equity component of 3.75%
Convertible Senior notes issued, net of
issuance costs and income tax expense
Purchase of capped calls
termination of capped calls
exercise of warrants
Provision for common stock warrants
accretion of discount, preferred stock
Conversion of preferred stock
Conversion of 5.5% and 7.5%
Convertible Senior notes
Repurchase of 5.5% Convertible Senior
notes, net of income tax benefit
Shares issued for acquisitions

December 31, 2020

Common Stock

Shares
229,073,517

     Amount

$

2,291

$

Additional
 Paid-in
Capital
1,250,899

     Accumulated     
Other
Comprehensive
Income

Treasury Stock

Shares

     Amount

$

2,194  

587,151

$

(3,102)

Accumulated
Deficit
(1,182,053)

$

Total
Stockholders’
     Equity (Deficit)
70,229

$

$

$

—
—
741,216
29,762
3,804,654
511,412

—
—
—
100
—
234,160,661

—
—
1,876,503
19,286

62,333,585
1,151,307
5,250,750
—
—
13,845,468
318,637,560
—
—
439,649
5,156
78,976,250
18,056,200

—
—
—
5,180,457
—
—
2,998,526

30,615,615

9,409,591
9,658,465
473,977,469

$

—
—
8
—
38
5

—
—
—
—
—
2,342

—
—
19
—

622
12
53
—
—
138
3,186
—
—
4
—
790
181

—
—
—
52
—
—
30

306

94
97
4,740

$

$

$

$

—
—
8,763
52
6,978
168

28,586
(16,000)
—
—
10,190
1,289,636

—
—
10,871
52

157,722
1,784
14,099
6,513
(1,978)
28,254
1,506,953
—

17,131
26
1,270,872
41,060

100,761
(16,253)
24,158
(52)
439,915
(29)
1,149

62,247

$

$

—  
(610) 
—  
—  
—
—  

—
—
—
—  
—
1,584  

—  
(296) 
—  
—  

—
—  
—  
—
—
—  
1,288  
—  
1,163  
—  
—  
—
—  

—
—
—
—  
—
—
—  

—

—
—
—
—
—
17,606

—
—
14,397,906
—
—
15,002,663

—
—
—
—

—
256,382
—
—
—
—
15,259,045
—
—
—
—
—
667,023

—
—
—
—
—
—
—

—

1,200

(85,608)

—  
—  
(52)
—  
—

—
—
—  
—
—
(1,266,513)

$

(83,743)

—  
—  
(52)

—  
—
—
—
—
—  
$

(1,350,307)
(596,155)

$

$

—  
—  
(26)
—
—  

—
—
—
—  
—
—
—  

—

—
—
—
—
—
(35)

—
—
(27,500)
—
—
(30,637)

—
—
—
—

—
(579)
—
—
—
—
(31,216)
—
—
—
—
—
(9,218)

—
—
—
—
—
—
—

—

1,200

(85,608)
(610)
8,771
—
7,016
138

28,586
(16,000)
(27,500)
—
10,190
(3,588)

(83,743)
(296)
10,890
—

158,344
1,217
14,152
6,513
(1,978)
28,392
129,904
(596,155)
1,163
17,135
—
1,271,662
32,023

100,761
(16,253)
24,158
—
439,915
(29)
1,179

62,553

(50,864)
49,576
3,446,650

$

$

—
—
2,451  

—
—
15,926,068

$

—
—
(40,434)

$

—
—
(1,946,488)

$

(50,770)
49,673
1,466,919

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-10

    
    
        
        
        
        
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

PLUG POWER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018

(In thousands)

Operating Activities
net loss attributable to the Company
adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

depreciation of long-lived assets
amortization of intangible assets
Stock-based compensation
(Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt
Provision for bad debts and other assets
amortization of debt issuance costs and discount on convertible senior notes
Provision for common stock warrants
loss on disposal of leased assets
Fair value adjustment to contingent consideration
impairment of long-lived assets
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
deferred income tax benefit
loss (benefit) on service contracts

 Changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) cash: 

accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses and other assets
accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities
deferred revenue

Net cash used in operating activities
Investing activities

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchase of intangible assets
Purchases of equipment related to PPa and equipment related to fuel delivered to customers
net cash paid for acquisitions
Proceeds from sale of leased assets

Net cash used in investing activities
Financing activities

Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and warrants, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from public offerings, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Payments for redemption of preferred stock
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes, net
Repurchase of convertible senior notes
Purchase of capped calls and common stock forward
Proceeds from borrowing of long-term debt, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from termination of capped calls
Principal payments on long-term debt
Proceeds from finance obligations
Proceeds from long-term debt, net
Repayments of finance obligations
Net cash provided by financing activities
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Cash paid for interest

Summary of non-cash investing and financing activity

Recognition of right of use assets
net tangible assets acquired in a business combination
intangible assets acquired in a business combination
Conversion of convertible notes to common stock
net transfers between inventory and long-lived assets
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock

2020

2019
(as restated)

2018
(as restated)

$

(596,155)

$

(83,743)

$

(85,608)

14,434
1,135
17,135
(17,686)
700
17,061
425,047
—
(1,160)
6,430
—
(30,845)
33,125

(15,701)
(63,389)
(18,401)
51,880
20,914
(155,476)

(22,526)
(1,957)
(25,738)
(45,113)
—
(95,334)

—
1,271,714
32,023
—
205,098
(90,238)
(16,253)
—
24,158
(48,020)
65,259
99,000
(27,212)
1,515,529
65
1,264,784
369,500
1,634,284

28,942

55,651
8,751
32,268
62,553
—
1,179

$

$

11,938
698
10,890
518
1,981
9,006
6,513
212
—
—
(79)
—
(1,643)

10,594
(24,633)
(8,110)
17,234
(4,700)
(53,324)

(5,683)
(2,404)
(6,532)
—
375
(14,244)

14,089
158,343
1,217
(4,040)
39,052
—
—
119,186
—
(25,345)
83,668
—
(59,196)
326,974
(59)
259,347
110,153
369,500

19,180

52,924
—
—
—
—
28,392

$

$

$

11,832
693
8,771
—
1,626
6,347
10,190
—
—
—
(4,286)
(9,295)
5,345

(14,666)
19,193
(4,654)
(10,160)
6,322
(58,350)

(5,142)
(929)
(13,501)
—
—
(19,572)

30,934
7,195
138
—
95,856
—
(43,500)
—
—
(16,190)
76,175
—
(30,531)
120,077
(57)
42,098
68,055
110,153

13,057

41,679
—
—
—
18,175
—

$

$

$

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-11

 
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

1.  Nature of Operations

Description of Business

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Plug Power is facilitating the paradigm shift to an increasingly electrified world by innovating cutting-edge hydrogen
and fuel cell solutions.  in our core business, we provide and continue to develop commercially-viable hydrogen and fuel cell
product solutions to replace lead-acid batteries in electric material handling vehicles and industrial trucks for some of the world’s
largest retail-distribution and manufacturing businesses. we are focusing our efforts on industrial mobility applications, including
 electric forklifts and electric industrial vehicles, at multi-shift high volume manufacturing and high throughput distribution sites
where we believe our products and services provide a unique combination of productivity, flexibility, and environmental benefits.
additionally,  we  manufacture  and  sell  fuel  cell  products  to  replace  batteries  and  diesel  generators  in  stationary  backup  power
applications.  these  products  have  proven  valuable  with  telecommunications,  transportation,  and  utility  customers  as  robust,
reliable, and sustainable power solutions.

our current products and services include:

Gendrive:  Gendrive  is  our  hydrogen  fueled  PeM  fuel  cell  system  providing  power  to  material  handling  electric
vehicles,  including  class  1,  2,  3  and  6  electric  forklifts,  automated  Guided  Vehicles  (“aGVs”)  and  ground  support
equipment;

GenFuel:  GenFuel is our liquid hydrogen fueling delivery, generation, storage, and dispensing system;

GenCare: GenCare is our ongoing ‘internet of things’-based maintenance and on-site service program for Gendrive fuel
cell  systems,  GenSure  fuel  cell  systems,  GenFuel  hydrogen  storage  and  dispensing  products  and  ProGen  fuel  cell
engines;

GenSure:  GenSure is our stationary fuel cell solution providing scalable, modular Proton exchange Membrane (PeM)
fuel cell power to support the backup and grid-support power requirements of the telecommunications, transportation,
and utility sectors;  GenSure high Power Fuel Cell Platform  will support large scale stationary power and data center
markets.

GenKey: GenKey is our vertically integrated “turn-key” solution combining either Gendrive or GenSure fuel cell power
with GenFuel fuel and GenCare aftermarket service, offering complete simplicity to customers transitioning to fuel cell
power;

ProGen:  ProGen is our fuel cell stack and engine technology currently used globally in mobility and stationary fuel cell
systems, and as engines in electric delivery vans. this includes the Plug Power Mea (membrane electrode assembly), a
critical component of the fuel cell stack used in zero-emission fuel cell electric vehicle engines; and

GenFuel electrolyzers: GenFuel electrolyzers are modular, scalable hydrogen generators optimized for clean hydrogen
production. electrolyzers generate hydrogen from water using electricity and a special membrane and “green” hydrogen
is generated by using renewable energy inputs, such as solar or wind power.

we provide our products worldwide through our direct product sales force, and by leveraging relationships with original
equipment  manufacturers  (“oeMs”)  and  their  dealer  networks.  Plug  Power  is  targeting  asia  and  europe  for  expansion  in
adoption.  europe  has  rolled  out  ambitious  targets  for  the  hydrogen  economy  and  Plug  Power  is  executing  on  its  strategy  to
become one of the european leaders. this includes a targeted account strategy for material handling as well as securing strategic
partnerships with european original equipment manufacturers, or oeMs, energy companies, utility leaders and accelerating our
electrolyzer  business.  we  manufacture  our  commercially  viable  products  in  latham,  new  York,  Rochester,  new  York  and
Spokane, washington and support liquid hydrogen generation and logistics in Charleston, tennessee.

F-12

table of Contents

Liquidity

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

during 2020, the Company issued and sold 79.0 million shares in two separate, registered equity offerings, resulting in
net proceeds of approximately $1.3 billion. See note 16, “Stockholders’ equity, as restated.” in May 2020, the Company issued
$212.5  million  in  aggregate  principal  amount  of  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  due  June  1,  2025,  in  a  private  placement  to
qualified institutional buyers. See note 15, “Convertible Senior notes,” as amended.

as of december 31, 2020, the Company had $1.3 billion of cash and cash equivalents and $321.9 million of restricted
cash.  in  January  and  February  2021,  the  Company  issued  and  sold  in  another  registered  equity  offering  an  aggregate  of  32.2
million  shares  of  its  common  stock  at  a  purchase  price  of  $65.00  per  share  for  net  proceeds  of  approximately  $1.8  billion.
Furthermore in February 2021, the Company completed the previously announced sale of its common stock in connection with a
strategic  partnership  with  SK  holdings  Co.,  ltd.  (“SK  holdings”)  to  accelerate  the  use  of  hydrogen  as  an  alternative  energy
source in asian markets. the Company sold 54,996,188 shares of its common stock to a subsidiary of SK holdings at a purchase
price of $29.2893 per share, or an aggregate purchase price of approximately $1.6 billion. See note 23, “Subsequent events,” for
more details.

the Company has continued to experience negative cash flows from operations and net losses. the Company incurred
net losses attributable to common stockholders of $596.2 million, $85.6 million and $85.7 million for the years ended december
31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively. the Company’s cash used in operations totaled $155.5 million, $53.3 million, and $58.4
million for the year ended december 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, and has an accumulated deficit of $1.9 billion at december 31,
2020.

the Company’s significant obligations consisted of the following as of december 31, 2020:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

operating  and  finance  leases  totaling  $113.9 million  and  $5.4 million,  respectively,  of  which  $14.3 million
 and  $903 thousand,  respectively,  are  due  within  the  next  12  months.  these  leases  are  primarily  related  to
sale/leaseback  agreements  entered  into  with  various  financial  institutions  to  facilitate  the  Company’s
commercial transactions with key customers.

Finance  obligations  totaling  $181.6 million  of  which  approximately  $32.7 million  is  due  within  the  next  12
months.  Finance  obligations  consist  primarily  of  debt  associated  with  the  sale  of  future  revenues  and  failed
sale/leaseback transactions.

long-term  debt,  primarily  related  to  the  Company’s  loan  and  security  agreement  (loan  agreement)  with
Generate lending, llC (Generate Capital) totaling $175.4 million of which $25.4 million is classified as short
term on the consolidated balance sheets. See note 14, “long-term debt”, for more details.

Convertible senior notes totaling $85.6 million at december 31, 2020. See note 15, “Convertible Senior notes,
as restated” for more details.

the Company believes that its current working capital of $1.4 billion at december 31, 2020, which includes unrestricted
cash and cash equivalents of $1.3 billion, together with proceeds from the January 2021 registered equity offering and SK group
investment,  will  provide  sufficient  liquidity  to  fund  operations  for  a  least  one  year  after  the  date  the  financial  statements  are
issued.

the Company plans to invest a portion of its available cash to expand its current production and manufacturing capacity
and to fund strategic acquisitions and partnerships and capital projects. Future use of the Company’s funds is discretionary and
the  Company  believes  that  its  future  working  capital  and  cash  position  will  be  sufficient  to  fund  operations  even  after  these
growth investments.

F-13

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

2.  Restatement of Previously Issued Consolidated Financial Statements

Restatement Background

on March 12, 2021, management in concurrence with the Company’s audit Committee of the Board of directors (the
“audit  Committee”),  concluded  that  our  2019  and  2018  consolidated  financial  statements,  included  in  our  annual  Reports  on
Form 10-K as of and for the fiscal years ended december 31, 2019 and 2018, and our unaudited consolidated financial statements
as of and for each of the first three quarterly periods in 2020 and all quarterly periods in 2019, included in our Quarterly Reports
on Form 10-Q for the respective periods,  (collectively the “Prior Period Financial Statements”) should no longer be relied upon
due  to  misstatements  that  are  described  below,  and  that  we  would  restate  such  financial  statements  to  make  the  necessary
accounting corrections. in addition, we have restated the statement of operations for the three months ended december 31, 2019,
which  was  previously  disclosed  as  a  note  in  its  form  10-K  for  the  year  ended  december  31,  2019.  details  of  the  restated
consolidated  financial  statements  as  of  and  for  the  fiscal  years  ended  december  31,  2019  and  2018  are  provided  below
(“Restatement items”). in addition, details of the restated interim financial information for each of the quarterly periods in fiscal
2019 and for the first three quarters of fiscal 2020, are presented in note 3, “unaudited Quarterly Financial data and Restatement
of Previously issued unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements”.  the Company evaluated the materiality
of  these  errors  both  qualitatively  and  quantitatively  in  accordance  with  Staff  accounting  Bulletin  (“SaB”)  no.
99, Materiality and SaB no. 108, Considering the effects of Prior Year Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements, and
determined  the  effect  of  these  corrections  were  material  to  the  Prior  Period  Financial  Statements.  as  a  result  of  the  material
misstatements, we have restated our Prior Period Financial Statements, in accordance with aSC 250, accounting Changes and
error Corrections (the “Restated Financial Statements”).

the Restatements items reflect adjustments to correct errors on the balance sheets to reduce the carrying amount of certain right
of use assets and lease liabilities associated with leases, increase the loss accrual relating to service contracts, a reclassification of
costs resulting in a decrease in operating expenses - Research and development expense and a corresponding increase in Cost of
revenue,  the  recording  of  a  deemed  dividend,  and  correction  of  a  cumulative  adjustment  upon  adoption  of  a  new  accounting
standard  to  a  correction  of  an  error.   the  nature  and  impact  of  these  adjustments  are  described  below  and  also  detailed  in  the
tables  below.  also  see  note  3,  “unaudited  Quarterly  Financial  data  and  Restatement  of  Previously  issued  unaudited  interim
Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements,” for the impact of these adjustments on each of the quarterly periods.

Restatement Items

Right  of  use  assets  relating  to  operating  leases – the Company incorrectly  calculated  the lease  liability  and the related
right  of  use  asset  associated  with  sale/leaseback  transactions.  the  Company  sells  equipment  to  financial  institutions  and
leases it back.  the Company then uses these assets to fulfill its obligations under Power Purchase agreements (“PPas”).
there  are  two  elements  to  the  transactions  with  financial  institutions  –  a  sale  (and  leaseback)  of  equipment  and  a  debt
component.  the debt component of the proceeds received from the financial institution relates to the sale of future revenues
to be generated from the related PPa. the lease liability and corresponding right of use asset should be based on the present
value  of  the  portion  of  the  future  payments  to  the  third-party  financial  institution  that  represent  the  lease  component  (i.e.
excluding the portion representing the debt service repayments). historically, the Company incorrectly  included the entire
repayment  amount  when  determining  the  lease  liability  and  corresponding  right  of  use  asset.  the  Company  separately
recorded a debt obligation related to the cash received for the sale of future revenues.  the result of the correction is that at
inception  of  the  lease,  the  lease  liability  and  the  corresponding  right  of  use  asset  were  reduced  to  exclude  the  double-
counting of the debt portion of the obligation.  the corrections at december 31, 2019 resulted in the reduction of both the
lease  liability  and  right  of  use  asset  of  $112.7  million.    Similar  adjustments  were  made  for  the  balance  sheets  for  the
quarterly periods of 2019 and 2020. the lease liability for operating leases and related right of use asset are both presented
separately  on  the  consolidated  balance  sheets.    the  overall  impact  on  the  consolidated  statements  of  operations  was  not
significant to any of the periods presented and related to depreciation, interest expense, and cost of sales.

Loss  accrual  provision –  the  Company  did  not  properly  estimate  the  loss  accrual  related  to  its  extended  maintenance
contracts.  as a result of the error in classification of research and development costs discussed below, the Company

F-14

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

did not consider all relevant historical costs when estimating future service costs when determining whether a loss accrual
for extended maintenance contracts was necessary.  additionally, the Company did not consider the service costs related to
hydrogen infrastructure, nor the provision for warrants, when estimating the need for a loss accrual on extended maintenance
contracts. when properly considering these costs, additional loss accruals for extended maintenance contracts were required
to be recorded. the corrections resulted in a ($1.6) million benefit for loss accrual for the year ended december 31, 2019,
inclusive of the partial release of the 2018 loss accrual, and a provision for loss accrual of $5.3 million for the year ended
december 31, 2018.

Research and development expense – the Company did not properly present certain costs related to related to research and
development  activities.  Some  of  these  costs  were  presented  as  research  and  development  costs  and  should  have  been
classified as costs of revenue. Correction of this error resulted in an increase in gross loss of $19.5 million and $21.2 million
for  the  years  ended  december  31,  2019  and  2018,  respectively.  the  tables  below  provide  a  summary  of  the  adjustments
between cost of revenue and research and development.  

As of December 31,
2019
Restatement
Adjustments

As of December 31,
2018
Restatement
Adjustments

Cost of revenue:
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Fuel delivered to customers
Total cost of revenue

$

$

6,986
2,539
1,121
8,846
19,492

7,954
4,264
614
8,325
21,157

Research and development

(19,492)

(21,157)

Series  E  Redeemable  Convertible  Preferred  Stock  Deemed  Dividend –  during  2019,  the  Company  did  not  properly
account for certain conversions of its Series e Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock deemed dividend as a repurchase
settled in common stock. the correction of this error resulted in the Company recording a deemed dividend during 2019 for
approximately  $1.8  million.  this  error  correction  had  no  impact  on  total  equity  and  increased  the  net  loss  attributable  to
shareholders by $1.8 million.  

Adoption of ASC 842 – the Company determined that the $3.4 million amount previously reported as the cumulative effect
of adoption of aSC 842 on January 1, 2018 is actually a correction of errors made in lease accounting through december 31,
2017, under the prior accounting standards. accordingly, the accumulated deficit at december 31, 2017 has been restated to
reflect this accounting.

Other adjustments
in  addition  to  the  Restatement  items,  the  Company  has  corrected  other  adjustments.  while  these  other  adjustments  are
quantitatively  immaterial,  individually  and  in  the  aggregate,  because  we  are  correcting  for  the  material  errors,  we  have
decided to correct these other adjustments as well.

Reclassifications  have  been  made,  whenever  necessary,  to  prior  period  financial  statements  to  conform  to  the  current

period presentation for the years ended december 31, 2019 and 2018.

F-15

    
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Summary impact of Restatement Items and Other Adjustments to Prior Period Financial Statements

the following tables present the effect of the Restatement items, as well as other adjustments, on the Company’s consolidated
balance sheets for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share):

As previously
Reported

As of December 31, 2019
Restatement
Adjustments

As Restated

Restatement
References

Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

total current assets

Restricted cash
Property, plant, and equipment, net
Right of use assets related to finance leases, net
Right of use assets related to operating leases, net
equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers,
net
Goodwill
intangible assets, net
other assets

total assets

Liabilities, Redeemable Preferred Stock, and Stockholders’ Equity

Current liabilities:

accounts payable
accrued expenses
deferred revenue
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Current portion of long-term debt
other current liabilities

total current liabilities

deferred revenue
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Convertible senior notes, net
long-term debt
other liabilities

total liabilities

Redeemable preferred stock:

Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share
(aggregate involuntary liquidation preference $16,664); 10,431 shares
authorized; issued and outstanding: 2,620 at december 31, 2019
Series e convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share; Shares
authorized: 35,000 at december 31, 2019; issued and outstanding: 500 at
december 31, 2019
Stockholders’ equity:

Common stock, $0.01 par value per share; 750,000,000 shares authorized;
issued: 318,637,560 at december 31, 2019
additional paid-in capital
accumulated other comprehensive income
accumulated deficit
less common stock in treasury: 15,259,045 at december 31, 2019

total stockholders’ equity
total liabilities, redeemable preferred stock, and stockholders’ equity

As of December 31, 2019

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

139,496
54,813
25,448
72,391
21,192
313,340

175,191
14,959
—
—

244,740
8,842
5,539
8,573
771,184

40,376
14,213
11,691
—
—
49,507
26,461
8,543
150,791
23,369
—
—
265,228
110,246
85,708
13
635,355

709

441

3,186
1,507,116
1,400
(1,345,807)
(31,216)
134,679
771,184

$

— $
—
320

—  
—  

320

—  
—  

1,714
63,266

(176,971)
—
—  
—  
$

(111,671)

— $
196
—  

9,428
226
(24,840)
—
(1,839)
(16,829)
(199)
50,937
2,011
(145,806)
185
—
2,805
(106,896)

—

—

—  

(163)
(112)
(4,500)
—
(4,775)
(111,671)

$

139,496
54,813
25,768
72,391
21,192
313,660

175,191
14,959
1,714
63,266

67,769
8,842
5,539
8,573
659,513

40,376
14,409
11,691
9,428
226
24,667
26,461
6,704
133,962
23,170
50,937
2,011
119,422
110,431
85,708
2,818
528,459

709

441

3,186
1,506,953
1,288
(1,350,307)
(31,216)
129,904
659,513

d

a
a, b

a, b

d

a, b
a
a, b

b, c

d
a, b
a
a, b
d

c

d
d

(a)

(b)

$176.0 million was reclassified from equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net to right of use assets related to operating leases, net;
$1.7 million was reclassified from equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net to right of use asset related to finance leases, net;
$25.8 million was reclassified from current finance obligations to current operating lease liabilities;
$145.5 million was reclassified from non-current finance obligations to non-current operating lease liabilities;
$226 thousand was reclassified from current finance obligations to current finance lease liabilities, respectively; and
$2.0 million was reclassified from non-current finance obligations to non-current finance lease liabilities

the "as previously reported" balances for equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net (previously captioned leased assets, net) and the current and long-
term finance obligations have been reclassified to conform to current period presentations, as follows at december 31, 2019:
●
●
●
●
●
●
the correction of the misstatement associated with the right of use assets relating to operating leases resulted in the following at december 31, 2019:
●
●
●

the right of use assets related to operating leases, net had a decrease of $112.7 million;
equipment related to power purchase agreements and lessor property, net had an increase of $767 thousand;
current operating lease liabilities had a decrease of $16.4 million;

F-16

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

non-current operating lease liabilities had a decrease of $94.6 million;
the current finance obligations had a $1.2 million increase;
the non-current finance obligation had an increase of $1.7 million; and
other current liabilities decreased $2.7 million.

●
●
●
●
loss accrual provision:  the correction of this misstatement resulted in an increase of $897 thousand to other current liabilities and an increase  of $2.8 million to other long-term liabilities at
december 31, 2019.
other adjustments:  immaterial adjustments at december 31, 2019 resulted in an increase to accounts receivable of $320 thousand. an increase to accrued expenses of $196 thousand. a decrease
to deferred revenue of $199 thousand. an increase in convertible senior notes, net of $185 thousand, and a decrease of $163 thousand to additional paid in capital and a $112 thousand decrease to
accumulated other comprehensive income.

(c)

(d)

the following tables present the effect of the Restatement items, as well as other adjustments, on the Company’s consolidated
statements of operations for the periods indicated (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):

As Previously
Reported

For the Year Ended December 31, 2019
Restatement
Adjustments

As Restated

Restatement
References

$

149,884

$

36

$

net revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related
infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

net revenue
Cost of revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related
infrastructure
Benefit for loss contracts related to service
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

total cost of revenue

Gross profit

operating expenses:

Research and development
Selling, general and administrative

total operating expenses

operating loss

interest and other expense, net
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt

loss before income taxes

income tax benefit

net loss attributable to the Company

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and
accretion of discount
net loss attributable to common stockholders

net loss per share:

Basic and diluted

weighted average number of common stock outstanding

For the year ended December 31, 2019

$

$

$

$

25,217
25,853
29,099
186
230,239

96,859

28,801
—
40,056
36,357
200
202,273

27,966

33,675
44,333
78,008

(50,042)

(35,502)
79
—  

(85,465)

$

—  

(85,465)

$

(52)
(85,517)

$

(0.36)

237,152,780

—
(300)
—
—
(264)

1,056

5,781
(394)
1,721
8,890
—
17,054

(17,318)

(18,616)
(1,131)
(19,747)

2,429

(189)
—
(518)

1,722

—

1,722

(1,760)
(38)

$

$

$

$

d

d

a, d

a, c,d
c
a, b,d
a, d

a,d
b,d

b,d

d

e

149,920

25,217
25,553
29,099
186
229,975

97,915

34,582
(394)
41,777
45,247
200
219,327

10,648

15,059
43,202
58,261

(47,613)

(35,691)
79
(518)

(83,743)

—

(83,743)

(1,812)
(85,555)

(0.36)

237,152,780

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

Research and development:  the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $19.5 million to research and development, and an increase of $1.1 million to the cost of revenue of
fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $7 million to the cost of revenue of services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $2.5 million to the
cost of power purchase agreements and an increase in the cost of fuel delivered to customers of $8.9 million at december 31, 2019.
Right  of  use  asset:  the  correction  of  this  misstatement  resulted  in  a  net  decrease  to  cost  of  revenue  for  power  purchase  agreements  of  $747  thousand.  an  increase  to  selling,  general,  and
administrative expense of $25 thousand, and an increase to interest and other expense, net of $522 thousand.
loss accrual provision:  the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease to cost of revenue for services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure of $1.2 million and
a net decrease to the provision for loss contracts related to service of $394 thousand for the period ended december 31, 2019.
other adjustments:  immaterial adjustments for the period ended december 31, 2019 resulted in the following: a net increase of $36 thousand to revenue from sales of fuel cell systems and
related infrastructure. a net decrease to revenue from power purchase agreements of $300 thousand. a net decrease of $65 thousand to the cost of revenue for sales of fuel cell systems and
related infrastructure. a net increase to the cost of revenue for services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure of $44 thousand. a net decrease to cost of revenue for power
purchase agreements of $70 thousand. a net increase of $44 thousand to cost of revenue related to fuel delivered to customers. a net increase to research and development expense of $876
thousand. a net decrease to selling general and administrative expense of $1.1 million, a net increase to interest and other expense, net of $185 thousand and an increase of $518 thousand loss on
the extinguisment of debt (which was previously reported as interest and other expense, net of $518 thousand).
Series e redeemable convertible preferred stock deemed dividend: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase of $1.8 million to preferred stock dividends declared, deemed
dividends and accretion of discount.

F-17

    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the Year Ended December 31, 2018

As Previously
Reported

Restatement
Adjustments

As Restated

Restatement
References

net revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers

net revenue
Cost of revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Provision for loss contracts related to service
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
total cost of revenue

Gross (loss) profit

operating expenses:

Research and development
Selling, general and administrative

total operating expenses

operating loss

interest and other expense, net
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability

loss before income taxes

income tax benefit

net loss attributable to the Company

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and accretion of
discount
net loss attributable to common stockholders

net loss per share:

Basic and diluted

weighted average number of common stock outstanding

For the year ended December 31, 2018

$

$

$

$

$

$

107,292
22,002
22,869
22,469
174,632

84,439
23,698
—
36,161
27,712
172,010

2,622

33,907
38,198
72,105

(69,483)

(22,135)
4,286

(87,332) $

9,217

(78,115) $

(52)
(78,167) $

(0.36)

218,882,337

(117)
—
(300)
—
(417)

766
8,573
5,345
5,200
8,325
28,209

(28,626)

(21,157)
(513)
(21,670)

(6,956)

(615)
—

(7,571)

78

(7,493)

—
(7,493)

$

$

$

$

$

d

d

a,d
a, d
c
a, b
a

a
d

b

d

107,175
22,002
22,569
22,469
174,215

85,205
32,271
5,345
41,361
36,037
200,219

(26,004)

12,750
37,685
50,435

(76,439)

(22,750)
4,286

(94,903)

9,295

(85,608)

(52)
(85,660)

(0.39)

218,882,337

(a)

(b)

(c)
(d)

Research and development:  the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $21.2 million to research and development, and an increase of $614 thousand to the cost of sales of
fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $8.0 million to the cost of services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of  $4.2 million to the cost of
power purchase agreements and an increase in the cost of fuel delivered to customers of $8.3 million at december 31, 2018.
Right of use asset: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase to cost of revenue for power purchase agreements of $937 thousand, and an increase to interest and other expense,
net of $615 thousand.
loss accrual provision:  the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase to the provision for loss contracts related to service of $5.3 million for the period ended december 31, 2018.
other adjustments:  immaterial adjustments for the period ended december 31, 2018  resulted in the following: a net decrease of $117 thousand to revenue from sales of fuel cell systems and
related infrastructure. a net decrease to revenue from power purchase agreements of $300 thousand. a net increase of $152 thousand to the cost of revenue for sales of fuel cell systems and related
infrastructure. a net increase to the cost of revenue for services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure of $619 thousand. a net decrease to selling general and administrative
expense of $513 thousand and an increase to the income tax benefit of $78 thousand.

the following tables present the effect of the Restatement items, as well as other adjustments, on the Company’s consolidated
statements of comprehensive loss for the periods indicated (in thousands):

For the year ended December 31, 2019
Cumulative
Adjustments

As Previously
Reported

As Restated

For the year ended December 31, 2018

As Previously Cumulative
Adjustments

Reported

As Restated

Restatement
References

net loss attributable to the Company
other comprehensive loss - foreign currency translation
adjustment
Comprehensive loss attributable to the Company

$

$

(85,465)

$

1,722

(184)
(85,649)

$

(112)
1,610

$

$

(83,743) $

(78,115) $

(7,493) $

(85,608)

(296)  
(84,039) $

(610)
(78,725) $

—
(7,493) $

(610)
(86,218)

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and
accretion of discount

Comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders

For the year ened December 31, 2019 and 2018

(52)

(85,701)

(1,760)

(150)

(1,812)

(85,851)

(52)

—

(52)

(78,777)

(7,493)

(86,270)

b

a

(a)

Series e convertible preferred stock deemed dividend:  the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $1.8 million to preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and
accretion of discount to the period ended december 31, 2019.

F-18

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(b)

other adjustments: immaterial adjustment for the period ended december 31, 2019 resulted in a net increase of $112 thousand for the other comprehensive loss related to the foreign currency
translation adjustment.  

the following tables present the effect of the Restatement items, as well as other adjustments, on the Company’s consolidated
statements of stockholders’ equity (deficit) for the periods indicated (in thousands, except share amounts):

Common Stock

Additional
 Paid-in
     Amount      Capital

Shares

     Accumulated     
Other
Comprehensive
Income

Treasury Stock

Shares

     Amount

Accumulated
Deficit

Stockholders’ Restatement
     Equity (Deficit)   References

Total

BalanCe - december 31,
2017 (as Previously Reported)  
Cumulative adjustments
BalanCe - december 31,
2017 (as Restated)

BalanCe - december 31,
2018 (as Previously Reported)  
Cumulative adjustments
BalanCe - december 31,
2018 (as Restated)

BalanCe - december 31,
2019 (as Previously Reported)  
Cumulative adjustments
BalanCe - december 31,
2019 (as Restated)

As of December 31, 2019 and 2018

229,073,517
—

$ 2,291
  —

229,073,517

2,291

234,160,661
—

$ 2,342
  —

234,160,661

2,342

318,637,560
—

$ 3,186
—

318,637,560

$ 3,186

$

$

$

$

1,250,899
—

$

2,194  
—  

587,151
—

$

(3,102)
—

$

(1,178,636)
(3,417)

1,250,899

2,194

587,151

(3,102)

(1,182,053)

1,289,714
(78)

$

1,584  
—  

15,002,663
—

$

(30,637)
—

$

(1,260,290)
(6,223)

1,289,636

1,584

15,002,663

(30,637)

(1,266,513)

1,507,116
(163)

1,506,953

$

$

1,400  
(112)

15,259,045
—

$

(31,216)
—

$

(1,345,807)
(4,500)

1,288  

15,259,045

$

(31,216)

$

(1,350,307)

$

$

$

$

73,646
(3,417)

70,229

2,713
(6,301)

(3,588)

134,679
(4,775)

129,904

a,b

a,b

a,b

(a)

(b)

Restatement items: the correction of material misstatements resulted in a net increase in accumulated deficit of $4.5 million, $6.2 million and $3.4 million as of december 31, 2019, 2018 and
2017, respectively.
other adjustments: immaterial adjustments resulted in the following: for the period ended december 31, 2019, there was a net increase of $112 thousand for the other comprehensive loss related to
the foreign currency translation adjustment and a net decrease of $163 thousand in additional paid-in capital; and for the period ended december 31, 2018, there was a net decrease in additional
paid-in capital of $78 thousand.  

F-19

    
    
        
        
        
        
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

the following tables present the effect of the Restatement items, as well as other adjustments, on the Company’s consolidated
statements of cashflows for the periods indicated (in thousands):

For the Year Ended December 31, 2019

As previously
Reported

Restatement
Adjustments

As Restated

Restatement
References

Operating Activities
net loss attributable to the Company
adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating
activities:

depreciation of long-lived assets
amortization of intangible assets
Stock-based compensation
loss on extinguishment of debt
Provision for bad debts and other assets
amortization of debt issuance costs and discount on
convertible senior notes
Provision for common stock warrants
loss on disposal of leased assets
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
Benefit on service contracts
Changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) 
cash: 
 accounts receivable 
 inventory 
 Prepaid expenses, and other assets 

accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities
deferred revenue

Net cash used in operating activities

Investing Activities

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchase of intangible assets
Purchases of equipment related to PPa and equipment related
to fuel delivered to customers
Proceeds from sale of leased assets

Net cash used in investing activities

Financing Activities

Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and warrants, net
of transaction costs
Proceeds from public offerings, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Payments for redemption of preferred stock
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes, net
Proceeds from borrowing of long-term debt, net of
transaction costs
Principal payments on long-term debt
Proceeds from finance obligations
Repayments of finance obligations

Net cash provided by financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash beginning of
period
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Cash paid for interest

Summary of non-cash investing and financing activity

Recognition of right of use assets
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock

For the year ended December 31, 2019

$

(85,465)

$

1,722

$

(83,743)

11,989
698
10,890

—  

1,981

8,821
6,513
212
(79)
—

10,646
(24,481)
(8,110)
19,879
(5,016)
(51,522)

(5,683)
(2,404)

(6,532)
375
(14,244) 

14,089
158,428
1,217
(4,040)
39,052

119,186
(24,827)
83,668
(61,713)
325,060
53
259,347

110,153
369,500

19,180

127,370
28,392

$

$

$

(51)
—
—
518
—

185
—
—
—
(1,643)

(52)
(152)
—
(2,645)
316
(1,802)

—
—

—
—
—

—
(85)
—
—
—

—
(518)
—
2,517
1,914
(112)
—

—
— $

—

(74,446)
—

$

$

$

$

11,938
698
10,890
518
1,981

9,006
6,513
212
(79)
(1,643)

10,594
(24,633)
(8,110)
17,234
(4,700)
(53,324)

(5,683)
(2,404)

(6,532)
375
(14,244)

14,089
158,343
1,217
(4,040)
39,052

119,186
(25,345)
83,668
(59,196)
326,974
(59)
259,347

110,153
369,500

19,180

52,924
28,392

a

b, d

d

d

c

d
d

b, d
d

d

d

b

d

b

(a)
(b)

(c)
(d)

Refer to descriptions of the adjustments and their impact on net loss in the Consolidated Statement of operations sections for the year ended december 31, 2019 above. 
Right of use asset: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease to operating cashflows of $2.7 million and a net increase to cash provided by financing activities of $2.5 million
for the period ended december 31, 2019. in addition there was a net decrease of $74.4 million to the non-cash investing and financing activity related to the recognition of the right of use asset.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease to operating cashflows of $1.6 million for the period ended december 31 2019.
other adjustments: immaterial adjustments resulted in an net increase to operating cashflows of $906 thousand, a decrease to cash provided by financing activites of $603 thousand and a decrease 
to effect of exchange rate changes on cash of $112 thousand, for the period ended december 31 2019

F-20

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Operating Activities
net loss attributable to the Company
adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

depreciation of long-lived assets
amortization of intangible assets
Stock-based compensation
Provision for bad debts and other assets
amortization of debt issuance costs and discount on convertible senior
notes
Provision for common stock warrants
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
income tax benefit
loss on service contracts

Changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) cash: 
accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses, and other assets
accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities
deferred revenue

Net cash used in operating activities

Investing Activities

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchases of equipment related to PPa and equipment related to fuel
delivered to customers
Purchase of intangible assets

Net cash used in investing activities

Financing Activities

Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and warrants, net of transaction
costs
Proceeds from public offerings, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes, net
Purchase of capped calls and common stock forward
Principal payments on long-term debt
Proceeds from finance obligations
Repayments of finance obligations

Net cash provided by financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Cash paid for interest

Summary of non-cash investing and financing activity
Recognition of right of use assets
net transfers between inventory and long-lived assets

For the year ended December 31, 2018

As previously
Reported

For the Year Ended December 31, 2018
Restatement
Adjustments

As Restated

$

(78,115)

$

(7,493)

$

(85,608)

11,014
693
8,771
1,626

6,347
10,190
(4,286)
(9,217)
—

(14,398)
19,041
(4,654)
(10,266)
5,637
(57,617)

(5,142)

(13,501)
(929)
(19,572) 

30,934
7,195
138
95,856
(43,500)
(16,190)
76,175
(31,264)
119,344
(57)
42,098
68,055
110,153

13,057

79,057
18,175

$

$

$

818
—
—
—

—
—
—
(78)
5,345

(268)
152
—
106
685
(733)

—

—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
733
733
—
—
—
— $

—

(37,378)
—

$

11,832
693
8,771
1,626

6,347
10,190
(4,286)
(9,295)
5,345

(14,666)
19,193
(4,654)
(10,160)
6,322
(58,350)

(5,142)

(13,501)
(929)
(19,572)

30,934
7,195
138
95,856
(43,500)
(16,190)
76,175
(30,531)
120,077
(57)
42,098
68,055
110,153

13,057

41,679
18,175

$

$

$

Restatement
References

a

b, d

d
c

d
d

d
d

b

b

(a)

(b)

(c)
(d)

Refer to descriptions of the adjustments and their impact on net loss in the Consolidated Statement of operations and Consolidated Balance Sheets sections for the year ended december 31, 2018
above.
Right of use asset: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase to operating cashflows of $818 thousand and a net increase to financing cash flows of $733 thousand for the period
ended december 31, 2018. in addition, there was a net decrease of $37.4 million to the non-cash investing and financing activity related to the recognition of the right of use asset
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase to operating cashflows of $5.3 million for the period ended december 31 2018.
other adjustments:  immaterial adjustments resulted in an net increase to cash used in operating cash flows of $597 thousand for the period ended december 31 2018.

3. Unaudited Quarterly Financial data and Restatement of Previously Issued Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated
Financial Statements

the  following  tables  below  include  corrections  to  the  prior  period  results,  and  include  the  Restatement  items  and  other
adjustments included in note 2, “Restatement of Previously issued Consolidated Financial Statements,” as well as the following:

Bonus Accrual – there was a $5.3 million understatement of bonus expense and related payroll expense for the three months
ended  September  30,  2020  due  to  the  Company  not  properly  estimating  the  bonus  expense  for  the  nine  month  period  ended
September 30, 2020.

F-21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Right of Use assets and lease liabilities – there was a $2.4 million understatement of right of use assets and lease liabilities at
September 30, 2020 due to the Company not properly recognizing lease liabilities and right of use assets for certain leases that
renewed during the third quarter of 2020.

Loss accrual provision – there was a $21.0 understatement of the provision for loss contracts as of September 30, 2020 due to
the Company not properly estimating the loss accrual related to extended maintenance contracts.

The summary of the quarterly statement of operations are presented as follows:

net revenue:
Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

net revenue

Gross loss
operating expenses
operating loss
net loss attributable to common stockholders
loss per share:

Basic and diluted

net revenue:
Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

net revenue

Gross (loss) profit
operating expenses
operating loss
net loss attributable to common stockholders
loss per share:

Basic and diluted

$

$

$

Quarters ended

March 31,
2020

As Restated
June 30,
2020

September 30,
2020

December 31,
2020

$

20,468
6,521
6,421
7,333
76
40,819
(9,703)
15,883
(25,586)
(37,445)

$

47,746
6,236
6,579
7,372
62
67,995
(15)
26,517
(26,532)
(9,414)

$

83,662
6,829
6,629
9,831
97
107,048
(28,584)
25,726
(54,310)
(65,217)

(246,171)
(29,387)
6,991
(40,608)
76
(309,099)
(431,114)
46,660
(477,774)
(484,105)

(0.12)

$

(0.03)

$

(0.18)

$

(1.35)

Quarters ended
As Restated

March 31,
2019

June 30,
2019

September 30,
2019

December 31,
2019

$

2,550
6,343
6,035
6,582
—
21,510
(7,740)
12,227
(19,967)
(30,560)

$

38,702
5,341
6,334
7,089
—
57,466
6,142
17,221
(11,079)
(17,351)

$

38,883
6,205
6,520
7,649
135
59,392
4,500
13,958
(9,458)
(18,366)

69,785
7,328
6,664
7,779
51
91,607
7,746
14,855
(7,109)
(19,277)

$

(0.14)

$

(0.08)

$

(0.08)

$

(0.07)

F-22

 
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Summary impact of Restatement Items to previously reported unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial information

the following tables present the Restatement items, as well as other adjustments, on the Company’s unaudited interim condensed
consolidated balance sheets for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share):

Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

total current assets

Restricted cash
Property, plant, and equipment, net
Right of use assets related to finance leases, net
Right of use assets related to operating leases, net
equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers,
net
Goodwill
intangible assets, net
other assets

total assets

Liabilities, Redeemable Preferred Stock, and Stockholders’ Equity

Current liabilities:

accounts payable
accrued expenses
deferred revenue
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Current portion of long-term debt
other current liabilities

total current liabilities

deferred revenue
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Convertible senior notes, net
long-term debt
other liabilities

total liabilities

Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share; 750,000,000 shares authorized; issued:
406,123,816 at September 30, 2020
additional paid-in capital
accumulated other comprehensive income
accumulated deficit
less common stock in treasury
total stockholders’ equity
total liabilities, redeemable preferred stock, and stockholders’ equity

As of September 30, 2020

As previously
Reported

As of September 30, 2020
Restatement
Adjustments

As Restated

Restatement
References

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

448,140
55,704
113,133
134,306
26,731
778,014

227,528
64,820
—
—

309,475
71,962
39,169
9,661
1,500,629

58,793
32,031
17,226
—
—
63,692
74,829
17,280
263,851
29,648
—
—
337,150
105,088
120,380
27,068
883,185

4,061
2,083,199
1,958
(1,431,340)
(40,434)
617,444
1,500,629

$

— $
—
372
(103)

—  

269

—  
—  

2,335
90,184

(237,584)
(140)
400
—  
$

(144,536)

— $

5,917

—  

10,609
374
(32,343)
—
3,803
(11,640)
(137)
74,422
2,384
(196,488)
—
—
18,102
(113,357)

—  
(30)
(112)
(31,037)
—
(31,179)
(144,536)

$

448,140
55,704
113,505
134,203
26,731
778,283

227,528
64,820
2,335
90,184

71,891
71,822
39,569
9,661
1,356,093

58,793
37,948
17,226
10,609
374
31,349
74,829
21,083
252,211
29,511
74,422
2,384
140,662
105,088
120,380
45,170
769,828

4,061
2,083,169
1,846
(1,462,377)
(40,434)
586,265
1,356,093

e
e

a
a, b

a, b
e
e

d, e

a, b
a
a, b

b, c

e
a, b
a
a, b

c

e
e

(a) the "as previously reported" balances for equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net (previously captioned leased assets, net) and the current and long-
term finance obligations have been reclassified to conform to current period presentations, as follows at September 30, 2020:

●

●
●
●
●
●

$235.8 million was reclassified from equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net to the right of use assets related to operating leases,
net:  
$2.3 million was reclassified from equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net to the right of use asset related to finance leases, net;  
$32.7 million was reclassified from current finance obligations to current operating lease liabilities;
$195.1 million was reclassified from non-current finance obligations to non-current operating lease liabilities;
$374 thousand was reclassified from current finance obligations to  current finance lease liabilities; and
$2.4 million was reclassified from non-current finance obligations to non-current finance lease liabilities.

(b) the correction of the misstatement associated with the right of use assets relating to operating leases resulted in the following at September 30, 2020:

●
●
●
●
●
●

the right of use assets related to operating leases, net had a decrease of $145.6 million;
equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net had an increase of $535 thousand;
current operating lease liabilities had a decrease of $22.1 million;
non-current operating lease liabilities had a decrease of $120.6 million;
the current and non current finance obligations had an increase of $788 thousand and $1.0 million, respectively; and
other current liabilities had a decrease of $2.6 million

F-23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(c) loss accrual  provision: the correction of this misstatement  resulted in an increase  of $6.4 million to other current liabilities  and an increase  of $18.1 million to other long-term liabilities  at
September 30, 2020.

 (d) Bonus accrual: adjustments related to the under accrual for bonus expenses resulted in an increase in accrued expenses of $5.3 million at September 30, 2020.
 (e) other adjustments: immaterial adjustments at September 30, 2020 resulted in the following: an increase to accounts receivable of $372 thousand and a decrease to inventory of $103 thousand. a
decrease  to goodwill of $140 thousand, and an increase  to intangible  assets of $400 thousand. an increase  in accrued  expenses  of $703 thousand, a net, a decrease  to deferred revenue  of $137
thousand, a decrease to additional paid in capital of $30 thousand and a decrease to accumulated other comprehensive income of $112 thousand.

As previously
Reported

As of June 30, 2020
Restatement
Adjustments

As Restated

Restatement
References

Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

total current assets

Restricted cash
Property, plant, and equipment, net
Right of use assets related to finance leases, net
Right of use assets related to operating leases, net
equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers,
net
Goodwill
intangible assets, net
other assets

total assets

Liabilities, Redeemable Preferred Stock, and Stockholders’ Equity

Current liabilities:

accounts payable
accrued expenses
deferred revenue
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Current portion of long-term debt
other current liabilities

total current liabilities

deferred revenue
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Convertible senior notes, net
long-term debt
other liabilities

total liabilities

Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share; 750,000,000 shares authorized; issued:
348,201,792 at June 30, 2020
additional paid-in capital
accumulated other comprehensive income
accumulated deficit
less common stock in treasury
total stockholders’ equity
total liabilities, redeemable preferred stock, and stockholders’ equity

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

152,492
50,634
45,522
114,571
31,436
394,655

180,127
60,018
—
—

274,721
70,402
38,574
11,817
1,030,314

39,812
23,320
14,902
—
—
57,695
50,933
21,692
208,354
25,038
—
—
300,653
142,704
101,844
11,756
790,349

3,482
1,658,532
1,271
(1,391,961)
(31,359)
239,965
1,030,314

$

— $
—
260

—  
—  

260

—  
—  

2,389
71,789

(206,293)
(140)
400
—  
$

(131,595)

— $
597
—  

9,453
345
(28,901)
—
(2,274)
(20,780)
(190)
58,410
2,465
(169,000)
185
—
2,720
(126,190)

—  
(94)
(112)
(5,199)
—
(5,405)
(131,595)

$

152,492
50,634
45,782
114,571
31,436
394,915

180,127
60,018
2,389
71,789

68,428
70,262
38,974
11,817
898,719

39,812
23,917
14,902
9,453
345
28,794
50,933
19,418
187,574
24,848
58,410
2,465
131,653
142,889
101,844
14,476
664,159

3,482
1,658,438
1,159
(1,397,160)
(31,359)
234,560
898,719

d

a
a, b

a, b
d
d

d

a, b
a
a, b

b, c

d
a, b
a
a, b
d

c

d
d

As of June 30, 2020

(a) the "as previously reported" balances for equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net (previously captioned leased assets, net) and the current and     long-
term finance obligations have been reclassified to conform to current period presentations, as follows at June 30, 2020:

●
●
●
●
●
●

$204.7 million was reclassified from equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net to right of use assets related to operating leases, net;
$2.4 million was reclassified from equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net to right of use asset related to finance leases, net;
$29.5 million was reclassified from current finance obligations to current operating lease liabilities;
$169.0 million was reclassified from non-current finance obligations to non-current operating lease liabilities;
$345 thousand was reclassified from current finance obligations to current finance lease liabilities; and
$2.4 million was reclassified from non-current finance obligations to non-current finance lease liabilities.

 (b) the correction of the misstatement associated with the right of use assets relating to operating leases resulted in the following at June 30, 2020:

●
●
●
●
●
●

the right of use assets related to operating leases, net had a decrease of $132.9 million;
equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net had an increase of $837 thousand;
current operating lease liabilities had a decrease of $20.1 million;
non-current operating lease liabilities had a decrease of $110.6 million;
the current and non current finance obligations had an increase of $898 thousand and $2.4 million, respectively; and
other current liabilities had a decrease of $3.5 million.      

(c) loss accrual provision: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase of $1.3 million to other current liabilities and a net increase of $2.7 million to other long-term liabilities at June 30,
2020.

F-24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 (d) other adjustments: immaterial adjustments at June 30, 2020 resulted in the following: an increase to accounts receivable of $260 thousand, a decrease to goodwill of $140 thousand, and an increase to
intangible  assets  of  $400  thousand.  an  increase  in  accrued  expenses  of  $597  thousand,  a  decrease  to  deferred  revenue  of  $190  thousand,  an  increase  of  $185  thousand  to  convertible  senior  notes,  a
decrease to additional paid in capital of $94 thousand and a decrease to accumulated other comprehensive income of $112 thousand.

As previously
Reported

As of March 31, 2020
Restatement
Adjustments

As Restated

Restatement
References

Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

total current assets

Restricted cash
Property, plant, and equipment, net
Right of use assets related to finance leases, net
Right of use assets related to operating leases, net
equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers,
net
Goodwill
intangible assets, net
other assets

total assets

Liabilities, Redeemable Preferred Stock, and Stockholders’ Equity

Current liabilities:

accounts payable
accrued expenses
deferred revenue
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Current portion of long-term debt
other current liabilities

total current liabilities

deferred revenue
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Convertible senior notes, net
long-term debt
other liabilities

total liabilities

Redeemable preferred stock:
Redeemable preferred stock: Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock,
$0.01 par value per share (aggregate involuntary liquidation 
preference $16,664); 10,431 shares authorized; issued and outstanding: 2,620 at
March 31, 2020
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share; 750,000,000 shares authorized; issued:
322,220,469 at March 31, 2020

additional paid-in capital
accumulated other comprehensive income
accumulated deficit
less common stock in treasury
total stockholders’ equity
total liabilities, redeemable preferred stock, and stockholders’ equity

As of March 31, 2020

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

74,340
56,804
24,437
92,972
28,500
277,053

176,070
16,591
—
—

252,802
8,673
5,296
12,059
748,544

35,503
14,273
11,557
—
—
52,047
27,819
10,423
151,622
22,912
—
—
272,171
112,878
79,119
13
638,715

709

3,222
1,519,257
1,164
(1,383,299)
(31,224)
109,120
748,544

$

— $
—
297

—  
—  

297

—  
—  

1,707
64,812

(184,400)
—
400

—  
$

(117,184)

— $
597
—  

8,959
204
(25,838)
—
(1,977)
(18,055)
(228)
52,165
1,953
(150,849)
185
—
2,373
(112,456)

—

—  

(163)
(112)
(4,453)
—
(4,728)
(117,184)

$

74,340
56,804
24,734
92,972
28,500
277,350

176,070
16,591
1,707
64,812

68,402
8,673
5,696
12,059
631,360

35,503
14,870
11,557
8,959
204
26,209
27,819
8,446
133,567
22,684
52,165
1,953
121,322
113,063
79,119
2,386
526,259

709

3,222
1,519,094
1,052
(1,387,752)
(31,224)
104,392
631,360

d

a
a, b

a, b

d

d

a, b
a
a, b

b, c

d
a, b
a
a, b
d

c

d
d

(a) the "as previously reported" balances for equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net (previously captioned leased assets, net) and the current and long-term
finance obligations have been reclassified to conform to current period presentations, as follows at March 31, 2020:

●
●
●
●
●
●

$183.4 million was reclassified from equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net to right of use assets related to operating leases, net;
$1.7 million was reclassified from equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net to right of use asset related to finance leases, net;
$26.6 million was reclassified from current finance obligations to current operating lease liabilities;
$151.0 million was reclassified from non-current finance obligations to non-current operating lease liabilities;
$204 thousand was reclassified from current finance obligations to current finance lease liabilities; and
$1.9 million was reclassified from non-current finance obligations to non-current finance lease liabilities.

              (b)  the correction of the misstatement associated with the right of use assets relating to operating leases resulted in the following at March 31, 2020:

●
●
●
●
●
●

the right of use assets related to operating leases, net had a decrease of $118.6 million;
equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net had an increase of $725 thousand;
current operating lease liabilities had a decrease of $17.7 million;
non-current operating lease liabilities had a decrease of $99.0 million;
the current finance obligations and non-current finance obligations had an increase of $1.0 million and $2.0 million, respectively; and
other current liabilities had a decrease of $3.2 million. 

(c) loss accrual provision: the correction of this misstatement resulted in an increase of $1.2 million to other current liabilities and an increase of $2.4 million to other long-term liabilities at March 31,
2020.

F-25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 (d) other adjustments: immaterial adjustments at March 31, 2020 resulted in the following: an increase to accounts receivable of $297 thousand. an increase to intangible assets of $400 thousand. an increase
in accrued expenses of $597 thousand, a decrease to deferred revenue of $228 thousand, an increase of $185 thousand to convertible senior notes, net, a decrease to additional paid in capital of $163
thousand and a decrease to accumulated other comprehensive income of $112 thousand.

Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

total current assets

Restricted cash
Property, plant, and equipment, net
Right of use assets related to finance leases, net
Right of use assets related to operating leases, net
equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net
Goodwill
intangible assets, net
other assets

total assets

Liabilities, Redeemable Preferred Stock, and Stockholders’ Deficit

Current liabilities:

accounts payable
accrued expenses
deferred revenue
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Current portion of long-term debt
other current liabilities

total current liabilities

deferred revenue
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Common stock warrant liability
Convertible senior notes, net
long-term debt
other liabilities

total liabilities

Redeemable preferred stock, $.01 par value
Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share 10,431 shares
authorized; issued 
and outstanding: 2,620 at September 30, 2019
Series e redeemable convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share; Shares 
authorized: 35,000 at 
September 30, 2019; issued and outstanding: 28,269 at September 30, 2019
Stockholders’ deficit:
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share; 750,000,000 shares authorized; issued:
253,982,578 at September 30, 2019
additional paid-in capital (1)
accumulated other comprehensive income
accumulated deficit (1)
less common stock in treasury
total stockholders’ deficit
total liabilities, redeemable preferred stock, and stockholders’ deficit

As previously
Reported

As of September 30, 2019
Restatement
Adjustments

As Restated

Restatement
References

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

43,275
35,720
24,392
80,601
12,804
196,792

119,322
14,990
—
—
202,034
8,606
5,113
9,152
556,009

36,851
9,457
11,480
—
—
41,112
17,202
10,238
126,340
22,444
—
—
208,465
98
107,760
78,840
13
543,960

709

25,746

$

$

$

—
—
345
—
—
345

—
—
1,720
47,016
(134,786)
—
—
—
(85,705)

—
—
—
8,666
310
(20,643)
—
(1,865)
(13,532)
(231)
36,599
2,068
(108,796)
—
185
—
2,821
(80,886)

—

—

43,275
35,720
24,737
80,601
12,804
197,137

119,322
14,990
1,720
47,016
67,248
8,606
5,113
9,152
470,304

36,851
9,457
11,480
8,666
310
20,469
17,202
8,373
112,808
22,213
36,599
2,068
99,669
98
107,945
78,840
2,834
463,074

709

25,746

2,540
1,340,859
929
(1,327,518)
(31,216)
(14,406)
556,009

$

—
(78)
—
(4,741)
—
(4,819)
(85,705)

$

2,540
1,340,781
929
(1,332,259)
(31,216)
(19,225)
470,304

d

a
a, b
a, b

a, b
a
a, b

b, c

d
a, b
a
a, b

d

c

d

(1) The "as previously reported" balances include a decrease in additional paid-in capital of $6.5 million and an increase of $6.5 million to accumulated deficit due to the impact of the adoption of ASU 2019-08
of January 1, 2019.

As of September 30, 2019

(a) the "as previously reported" balances for equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net (previously captioned leased assets, net) and the current and
long-term finance obligations have been reclassified to conform to current period presentations, as follows at September 30, 2019:

●
●
●
●
●
●

$133.7 million was reclassified from equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net to right of use assets related to operating leases, net;
$1.7 million was reclassified from equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net to right of use asset related to finance leases, net;
$21.1 million was reclassified from current finance obligations to current operating lease liabilities;
$109.3 million was reclassified from non-current finance obligations to non-current operating lease liabilities;
$310 thousand was reclassified from current finance obligations to current finance lease liabilities; and
$2.1 million was reclassified from non-current finance obligations to non-current finance lease liabilities.

(b) the correction of the misstatement associated with the right of use assets relating to operating leases resulted in the following at September 30, 2019:

●
●

the right of use assets related to operating leases, net had a decrease of $86.7 million;
equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net had an increase of $655 thousand;

F-26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

●
●
●
●

current operating lease liabilities had a decrease of $12.4 million;
non-current operating lease liabilities had a decrease of $72.7 million;
the current and non-current finance obligations had a increase of $752 thousand and an increase $2.6 million; and
other current liabilities had a decrease of $3.0 million.      

(c) loss accrual provision: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase of $1.2 million to other current liabilities and a net increase of $2.8 million to other long-term liabilities at
September 30, 2019.
(d) other adjustments: immaterial adjustments at September 30, 2019 resulted in the following: adjustments related to increases in accounts receivable of $345 thousand, decrease in deferred
revenue of $231 thousand, increase in convertible senior notes of $185 thousand and decrease in additional paid in capital of $78 thousand.

As previously
Reported

As of June 30, 2019
Restatement
Adjustments

As Restated

Restatement
References

Current assets:

Assets

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

total current assets

Restricted cash
Property, plant, and equipment, net
Right of use assets related to finance leases, net
Right of use assets related to operating leases, net
equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered
to customers, net
Goodwill
intangible assets, net
other assets

total assets

Liabilities, Redeemable Preferred Stock, and Stockholders’
Deficit

Current liabilities:

accounts payable
accrued expenses
deferred revenue
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Current portion of long-term debt
other current liabilities

total current liabilities

deferred revenue
Common stock warrant liability
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Convertible senior notes, net
long-term debt
other liabilities

total liabilities

Redeemable preferred stock:
Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value
per share (aggregate involuntary liquidation 
preference $16,664); 10,431 shares authorized; issued and
outstanding: 2,620 at both June 30, 2019
Series e redeemable convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value
per share (aggregate involuntary liquidation 
preference $35,000 at June 30, 2019); Shares authorized: 35,000 at
June 30, 
2019; issued and outstanding: 35,000 at June 30, 2019
Stockholders’ deficit:
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share; 750,000,000 shares
authorized; issued: 246,975,173 at June 30, 2019

additional paid-in capital (1)
accumulated other comprehensive income
accumulated deficit (1)
less common stock in treasury
total stockholders’ deficit
total liabilities, redeemable preferred stock, and
stockholders’ deficit

$

$

$

$

$

$

19,845
19,400
26,592
73,190
14,001
153,028

96,082
14,228
—
—

170,455
8,961
5,398
8,842
456,994

36,946
4,522
11,730
—
—
30,663
15,928
3,017
102,806
24,519
525
—
—
157,531
66,844
83,776
13
436,014

709

30,926

2,470
1,325,459
1,460
(1,309,363)
(30,681)
(10,655)

— $
—
252
—  
—  
252

—  
—  

1,726
39,679

(101,473)
—
—  
—  
$

(59,816)

— $
—  
—  

7,512
266
(18,208)
—
688
(9,742)
(393)
—
30,631
2,123
(80,615)
—
—
3,320
(54,676)

—

—

—  
(78)
—  

(5,062)
—
(5,140)

$

456,994

$

(59,816)

$

d

a
a, b

a, b

a, b
a
a, b

b, c

d

a, b
a
a, b

c

d

19,845
19,400
26,844
73,190
14,001
153,280

96,082
14,228
1,726
39,679

68,982
8,961
5,398
8,842
397,178

36,946
4,522
11,730
7,512
266
12,455
15,928
3,705
93,064
24,126
525
30,631
2,123
76,916
66,844
83,776
3,333
381,338

709

30,926

2,470
1,325,381
1,460
(1,314,425)
(30,681)
(15,795)

397,178

(1) The "as previously reported" balances include a decrease in additional paid-in capital of $3.5 million and an increase of $3.5 million to accumulated deficit due to the impact of the adoption of ASU 2019-08
of January 1, 2019.

As of June 30, 2019

F-27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

 (a) the "as previously reported" balances for equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net (previously captioned leased assets, net) and the current     and long-

term finance obligations have been reclassified to conform to current period presentations, as follows at June 30, 2019:

●
●
●
●
●
●

$100.3 million was reclassified from equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net to right of use assets related to operating leases, net;
$1.7 million was reclassified from equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net to right of use asset related to finance leases, net;
$16.6 million was reclassified from current finance obligations to current operating lease liabilities;
$80.6 million was reclassified from non-current finance obligations to non-current operating lease liabilities;
$266 thousand was reclassified from current finance obligations to current finance lease liabilities; and
$2.1 million was reclassified from non-current finance obligations to non-current finance lease liabilities.

 (b) the correction of the misstatement associated with the right of use assets relating to operating leases resulted in the following at June 30, 2019:
the right of use assets related to operating leases, net had a decrease of $60.6 million;
equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net had an increase of $543 thousand;
current operating lease liabilities had a decrease of $9.1 million;
non-current operating lease liabilities had a decrease of $50.0 million;
the current and non-current finance obligations had a decrease of $1.4 million and an increase of $2.2 million; and
other current liabilities had a decrease of $464 thousand.      

●
●
●
●
●
●

(c) loss accrual provision: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase of $1.2 million to other current liabilities and a net increase of $3.3 million to other long-term liabilities at
June 30, 2019.

 (d) other adjustments: immaterial adjustments at June 30, 2019 resulted in the following: adjustments related to increases in accounts receivable of $252 thousand, a decrease in deferred revenue of

$393 thousand, and a decrease in additional paid in capital of $78 thousand.

F-28

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

As previously
Reported

As of March 31, 2019
Restatement
Adjustments

As Restated

Restatement
References

Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

total current assets

Restricted cash
Property, plant, and equipment, net
Right of use assets related to finance leases, net
Right of use assets related to operating leases, net
equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers,
net
Goodwill
intangible assets, net
other assets

total assets

Liabilities, Redeemable Preferred Stock, and Stockholders’ Deficit

Current liabilities:

accounts payable
accrued expenses
deferred revenue
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Current portion of long-term debt
other current liabilities

total current liabilities

deferred revenue
operating lease liabilities
Finance lease liabilities
Finance obligations
Common stock warrant liability
Convertible senior notes, net
long-term debt
other liabilities

total liabilities

Redeemable preferred stock:

Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share
(aggregate involuntary liquidation preference $16,664); 10,431 shares
authorized; issued and outstanding: 2,620 at March 31, 2019
Series e redeemable convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share
(aggregate involuntary liquidation 
preference $35,000 at March 31, 2019); Shares authorized: 35,000 at March 
31, 2019 ; issued and outstanding: 35,000 at March 31, 2019

Stockholders’ deficit:
Common stock, $0.01 par value per share; 750,000,000 shares authorized; issued:
244,537,235 at March 31, 2019

additional paid-in capital (1)
accumulated other comprehensive income
accumulated deficit (1)
less common stock in treasury
total stockholders’ deficit
total liabilities, redeemable preferred stock, and stockholders’ deficit

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

39,336
19,297
32,062
65,474
10,296
166,465

50,598
13,615
—
—

141,889
8,886
3,677
11,069
396,199

31,688
6,509
11,736
—
—
23,997
12,559
2,271
88,760
25,835
—
—
111,195
2,231
65,025
72,676
17
365,739

709

30,931

— $
—
245

—  
—  

245

—  
—  

1,733
33,599

(70,961)
—
—  
—  
$

(35,384)

— $
—  
—  

7,042
236
(12,969)
—
1,474
(4,217)
(469)
25,657
2,142
(56,331)
—
—
—
3,729
(29,489)

—

—

39,336
19,297
32,307
65,474
10,296
166,710

50,598
13,615
1,733
33,599

70,928
8,886
3,677
11,069
360,815

31,688
6,509
11,736
7,042
236
11,028
12,559
3,745
84,543
25,366
25,657
2,142
54,864
2,231
65,025
72,676
3,746
336,250

709

30,931

2,445
1,316,893
1,374
(1,291,255)
(30,637)
(1,180)
396,199

$

—  
(78)
—  

(5,817)
—
(5,895)
(35,384)

$

2,445
1,316,815
1,374
(1,297,072)
(30,637)
(7,075)
360,815

d

a
a, b

a, b

a, b
a
a, b

c

d
a, b
a
a, b

c

d

(1) The "as previously reported" balances include a decrease in additional paid-in capital of $3.0 million and an increase of $3.0 million to accumulated deficit due to the impact of the adoption of ASU 2019-08
of January 1, 2019.

As of March 31, 2019

(a) the "as previously reported" balances for equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net (previously captioned leased assets, net) and the current and long-
term finance obligations have been reclassified to conform to current period presentations, as follows at March 31, 2019:

●
●
●
●
●

$69.7 million was reclassified from equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net to right of use assets related to operating leases, net;
$1.7 million was reclassified from equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net to right of use asset related to finance leases, net;  
$13.1 million was reclassified from current finance obligations to current operating lease liabilities;
$54.2 million was reclassified from non-current finance obligations to non-current operating lease liabilities;
$236 thousand was reclassified from current finance obligations to current finance lease liabilities; and

F-29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

●

$2.1 million was reclassified from non-current finance obligations to non-current finance lease liabilities.

(b) the correction of the misstatement associated with the right of use assets relating to operating leases resulted in the following at March 31, 2019:

●
●
●
●
●

the right of use assets related to operating leases, net had a decrease of $36.1 million;
equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net had an increase of $432 thousand;
current operating lease liabilities had a decrease of $6.1 million;
non-current operating lease liabilities had a decrease of $28.6 million; and
the current and non-current finance obligations had an increase of $360 thousand and $19 thousand.

(c) loss accrual provision: the correction of this misstatement resulted in an increase of $1.5 million to other current liabilities and an increase of $3.7 million to other long-term liabilities at March
31, 2019.

 (d) other adjustments: immaterial adjustments at March 31, 2019 resulted in the following: adjustments related to increases in accounts receivable of $245 thousand, a decrease in deferred revenue of

$469 thousand, and decrease in additional paid in capital of $78 thousand.

the  following  tables  present  the  effect  of  the  Restatement  items,  as  well  as  other  adjustments,  on  the  Company’s  unaudited
interim condensed consolidated statements of operations for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share):

For the three months ended September 30, 2020

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020

As Previously
Reported

Restatement
Adjustments

As
Restated

As Previously
Reported

Restatement
Adjustments

As
Restated

Restatement
References

net revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related
infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems
and related infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

net revenue
Cost of revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related
infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems
and related infrastructure
Provision for loss contracts related to
service
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

total cost of revenue

$

83,528 $

134

$

83,662

$

151,661 $

215

$

151,876

6,829
6,704  
9,831  
97
106,989

68,509  

7,074  

4,306
14,087  
14,172  
131  
108,279  

—
(75)
—
—
59

919

2,106

20,841
657
2,830
—
27,353

6,829
6,629
9,831
97
107,048

69,428

9,180

25,147
14,744
17,002
131
135,632

19,586
19,854  
24,536  
235
215,872

115,929  

21,746  

4,306
42,034  
32,267  
275  
216,557  

—
(225)
—
—
(10)

1,361

5,554

21,642
1,985
7,065
—
37,607

19,586
19,629
24,536
235
215,862

117,290

27,300

25,948
44,019
39,332
275
254,164

Gross loss

(1,290)  

(27,294)

(28,584)

(685)  

(37,617)

(38,302)

operating expenses:

Research and development
Selling, general and administrative
Change in fair value of contingent
consideration

total operating expenses

11,964
14,277

—  

26,241

(4,578)
2,933

1,130
(515)

operating loss

(27,531)

(26,779)

interest and other expense, net
Change in fair value of contingent
consideration
Gain on extinguishment of debt

loss before income taxes

income tax benefit

net loss attributable to the Company

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed
dividends and accretion of discount

net loss attributable to common
shareholders

net loss per share:

Basic and diluted

weighted average number of common
shares outstanding

For the three months ended September 30, 2020

$

$

$

$

(17,241)  

(1,130)
—

(310)

1,130
—

(45,902) $

(25,959)

6,523  

121

(39,379) $

(25,838)

—  

—

(39,379) $

(25,838)

(0.11)

$

$

$

$

7,386
17,210

1,130
25,726

(54,310)

(17,551)

—
—

32,133
46,948

—  

79,081

(15,100)
3,015

1,130
(10,955)

17,033
49,963

1,130
68,126

(79,766)

(26,662)

(106,428)

(42,022)  

(1,130)
13,222

(837)

1,130
—

(71,861)

$

(109,696) $

(26,369)

6,644

24,182  

(167)

(65,217)

$

(85,514) $

(26,536)

—  

(19)  

(7)

(65,217)

$

(85,533) $

(26,543)

(0.18)

$

(0.26)

$

$

$

$

(42,859)

—
13,222

(136,065)

24,015

(112,050)

(26)

(112,076)

(0.34)

371,010,544

371,010,544

330,949,265

330,949,265

(a)

(b)

Research and development: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $5.5 million to research and development, and an increase of $232 thousand to the cost of sales of fuel
cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $1.5 million to the cost of service performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $955 thousand to the cost of Power
Purchase agreements and an increase in the cost of fuel delivered to customers of $2.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase of $20.8 million to the provision for loss contracts and a $315 thousand decrease in the
cost of services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure for the three months ended September 30, 2020.

F-30

e

e

a,d,e

a,b,d

b
a,c,e
a,d

a,d
c,d

f

c

f

e

e

    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

Right of use asset: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $280 thousand to the cost of Power Purchase agreements and a net decrease of $56 thousand to selling, general
and administrative expenses, and net increase in interest and other expense of $310 thousand for the three months ended September 30, 2020.
Bonus accrual: adjustments related to the under accrual for bonus expenses resulted in an increase in cost of sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure of $584 thousand, increase in cost
of services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure of $930 thousand, increase in cost of fuel delivered to customers of $56 thousand, an increase in research and development
expense of $872 thousand, and an increase in selling and general administration expenses of $2.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020.
other adjustments: immaterial adjustments for the three months ended September 30, 2020 resulted in a net increase  of $134 thousand to revenue from the sales of fuel cell and systems and
related infrastructure, a net decrease of $75 thousand in revenue from Power Purchase agreements and a net decrease of $18 thousand in cost of revenue related to Power Purchase agreements,
an increase of $103 thousand in the cost of revenue related to the sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure and an increase to the income tax benefit of $121 thousand.
Contingent Consideration: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a reclassification of $1.1 million to operating expenses.  

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

Research and development: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $15.9 million to research and development, and an increase of $674 thousand to the cost of sales of fuel
cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $5.5 million to the cost of service performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, and increase of $2.8 million to the cost of Power
Purchase agreements and an increase in the cost of fuel delivered to customer of $7 million for the nine months ended September 30 2020.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase of $21.6 million to the provision for loss contracts and a $839 thousand decrease in the
cost of services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
Right of use asset: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $788 thousand to the cost of Power Purchase agreements and a net decrease of $138 thousand to selling, general
and administrative expenses, and a net increase of $837 thousand in interest and other expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
Bonus accrual: adjustments related to the under accrual for bonus expenses resulted in an increase in cost of sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure of $584 thousand, increase in cost
of services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure of $931 thousand, increase in cost of fuel delivered to customers of $56 thousand, an increase in research and development
expense of $872 thousand, and an increase in selling and general administration expenses of $2.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
other adjustments: immaterial adjustments for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 resulted in a net increase of $215 thousand to revenue from the sales of fuel cell and systems and related
infrastructure a net decrease of $225 thousand in revenue from power purchase agreements and a net decrease of $54 thousand in cost of revenue related to Power Purchase agreements, an increase
of $103 thousand in the cost of revenue related to the sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, a decrease to the income tax benefit of $167 thousand and an increase in preferred stock
dividends declared, deemed dividends and accretion of discount of $7 thousand.
Contingent Consideration: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a reclassification of $1.1 million to operating expenses.  

For the three months ended June 30, 2020
As
Restated

Restatement
Adjustments

As Previously
Reported

For the six months ended June 30, 2020

As Previously
Reported

Restatement
Adjustments

As
Restated

Restatement
References

net revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related
infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems
and related infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

net revenue
Cost of revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related
infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems
and related infrastructure
Provision for loss contracts related to
service
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

total cost of revenue

Gross (loss) profit

operating expenses:

Research and development
Selling, general and administrative

total operating expenses

operating loss

interest and other expense, net
Gain on extinguishment of debt

loss before income taxes

income tax benefit

net loss attributable to the Company

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed
dividends and accretion of discount

net loss attributable to common stockholders

net loss per share:

Basic and diluted

weighted average number of common shares
outstanding

$

$

$

$

$

47,746 $

—

$

47,746 $

68,133 $

81

$

68,214

6,236
6,654  
7,372  
62
68,070

33,676  

6,491  

—
13,704  
9,060  
63  
62,994  

—
(75)
—
—
(75)

212

1,282

706
800
2,016
—
5,016

6,236
6,579  
7,372  
62
67,995

12,757
13,150  
14,705  
138
108,883

33,888  

47,420  

7,773  

14,672  

706
14,504  
11,076  
63  
68,010  

—
27,947  
18,095  
144  
108,278  

—
(150)
—
—
(69)

442

3,448

801
1,328
4,235
—
10,254

12,757
13,000
14,705
138
108,814

47,862

18,120

801
29,275
22,330
144
118,532

5,076  

(5,091)

(15)

605  

(10,323)

(9,718)

9,757
21,658
31,415

(26,339)

(13,198)  
13,222  

(26,315) $

17,659  

(8,656) $

(13)  

(8,669) $

(0.03)

(4,884)
(14)
(4,898)

4,873
21,644
26,517

20,169
32,671
52,840

(10,522)
82
(10,440)

(193)

(264)
—

(457)

(288)

(745)

—

(745)

$

$

$

$

(26,532)

(52,235)

(13,462)
13,222  

(24,781)  
13,222  

(26,772) $

(63,794) $

17,371  

17,659  

(9,401) $

(46,135) $

(13)

(19)  

(9,414) $

(46,154) $

(0.03) $

(0.15)

117

(527)
—

(410)

(288)

(698)

(7)

(705)

$

$

$

$

9,647
32,753
42,400

(52,118)

(25,308)
13,222

(64,204)

17,371

(46,833)

(26)

(46,859)

(0.15)

316,645,050

316,645,050  

310,918,626

310,918,626

F-31

d

d

a

a,b

b
a, c, d
a

a
c

c

d

d

    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the three months ended June 30, 2020

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Research and development: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $ 4.9 million to research and development, and an increase of $212 thousand to the cost of sales of fuel
cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $1.6 million to the cost of service performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $1.1 million to the cost of Power
Purchase agreements and an increase in the cost of fuel delivered to customers of $2.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase of $706 thousand to the provision for loss contracts and a $315 thousand decrease in the
cost of services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure for the three months ended June 30, 2020.
Right of use asset: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $255 thousand to the cost of Power Purchase agreements and a net decrease of $14 thousand to selling, general
and administrative expenses, and a net increase to interest and other expenses of $264 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2020.
other adjustments: immaterial adjustments for the three months ended June 30, 2020 resulted in a net decrease of $75 thousand from revenue from Power Purchase agreements, a net decrease of
$18 thousand in the cost of Power Purchase agreements and a net decrease of $288 thousand in income tax benefit.

For the six months ended June 30, 2020

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Research and development: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $10.5 million to research and development, and an increase of $442 thousand to the cost of sales of fuel
cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $4.0 million to the cost of service performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $1.9 million to the cost of Power
Purchase agreements and an increase in the cost of fuel delivered to customers of $4.2 million  for the six months ended June 30, 2020.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase of $801 thousand to the provision for loss contracts and a $524 thousand decrease in the
cost of services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure for the six months ended June 30, 2020.
Right of use asset: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $508 thousand to the cost of Power Purchase agreements, a net increase of $82 thousand to selling, general and
administrative expenses and a net increase of $527 thousand to interest and other expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2020.
other  adjustments:  immaterial  adjustments  for  the  six  months  ended  June  30,  2020  resulted  in  a  net  increase  of  $81  thousand  to  revenue  from  the  sales  of  fuel  cell  and  systems  and  related
infrastructure,  a  net  decrease  of  $150  thousand  in  revenue  from  Power  Purchase  agreements,  a  net  decrease  of  $36  thousand  in  cost  of  revenue  related  to  Power  Purchase  agreements  and  a
decrease to the income tax benefit of $288 thousand. a net decrease of $7 thousand related to preferred stock dividends.

As Previously
Reported

For the three months ended March 31, 2020
Restatement
Adjustments

As Restated

Restatement
References

net revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

net revenue
Cost of revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Provision for loss contracts related to service
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

total cost of revenue

Gross loss

operating expenses:

Research and development
Selling, general and administrative

total operating expenses

operating loss

interest and other expense, net
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt

loss before income taxes

income tax benefit

net loss attributable to the Company

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and accretion of
discount

net loss attributable to common stockholders

net loss per share:

Basic and diluted

weighted average number of common shares outstanding

For the three months ended March 31, 2020

$

$

$

$

$

20,387
6,521
6,496
7,333
76
40,813

13,744
8,181
—
14,243
9,035
81
45,284

(4,471)

10,412
11,013
21,425

(25,896)

(11,583)
—
(37,479)

$

$

—  

(37,479)

$

(13)

(37,492)

$

(0.12)

305,192,201

81
—
(75)
—
—
6

230
2,166
95
528
2,219
—
5,238

(5,232)

(5,638)
96
(5,542)

310

(263)
—
47

—

47

—

47

$

$

$

$

$

d

d

a
a,b
b
a,c,d
a

a
c

c

20,468
6,521
6,421
7,333
76
40,819

13,974
10,347
95
14,771
11,254
81
50,522

(9,703)

4,774
11,109
15,883

(25,586)

(11,846)
—
(37,432)

—

(37,432)

(13)

(37,445)

(0.12)

305,192,201

a)

b)

c)

d)

Research and development: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $5.6 million to research and development, and an increase of $230 thousand to the cost of sales
of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $2.4 million to the cost of service performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, and increase of $799 thousand to the
cost of Power Purchase agreements and an increase in the cost of fuel delivered to customer of $2.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase of $95 thousand to the provision for loss contracts and a net decrease of $224
thousand in the costs of services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure  for the three months ended March 31, 2020.
Right of use asset: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $253 to the cost of power purchase agreements, a net increase of $96 thousand to selling, general and
administrative expenses, and a net increase in interest and other expenses of $262 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2020.
other adjustments: immaterial adjustments for the three months ended June 30, 2020 resulted in a net decrease of $75 thousand from revenue from Power Purchase agreements and a net
increase of $81 thousand from revenue related to fuel cell systems and related infrastructure.

F-32

    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the three months ended December 31, 2019

As Previously
Reported

Restatement
Adjustments

As
Restated

Restatement
References

net revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

net revenue
Cost of revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Provision for loss contracts related to service
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

total cost of revenue

Gross loss

operating expenses:

Research and development
Selling, general and administrative

total operating expenses

operating loss

interest and other expense, net
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability

loss before income taxes

income tax benefit

net loss attributable to the Company

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and accretion of
discount

net loss attributable to common shareholders

net loss per share:

Basic and diluted

weighted average number of common shares outstanding

For the three months ended December 31, 2019

$

$

$

$

$

$

69,767
7,328
6,739
7,779
51
91,664

46,419
9,999
—
11,992
10,422
50
78,882

12,782

9,341
10,982
20,323

(7,541)

(10,806)
72

(18,275) $

—  

(18,275) $

(13)

(18,288) $

(0.07)

260,053,150

18
—
(75)
—
—
(57)

672
1,607
13
309
2,378
—
4,979

(5,036)

(4,459)
(1,009)
(5,468)

432

(193)
—

239

—

239

(1,228)

(989)

$

$

$

$

$

e

e

a, e
a, b, e
b
a, e
a, e

a, e
e

d

69,785
7,328
6,664
7,779
51
91,607

47,091
11,606
13
12,301
12,800
50
83,861

7,746

4,882
9,973
14,855

(7,109)

(10,999)
72

(18,036)

—

(18,036)

(1,241)

f

(19,277)

(0.07)

260,053,150

(a)

(b)

(c)
(d)
(e)

(f)

Research and development: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $5.3 million to research and development, an increase of $585 thousand to the cost of sales of fuel cell
systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $1.9 million to the costs of services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase in cost of Power Purchase agreements
of $564 thousand and an increase in the cost of fuel delivered to customers of $2.3 million for the three months ended december 31, 2019.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in an increase of $13 thousand to the provision for loss contracts related to service and a decrease of
$289 thousand to costs of services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure for the three months ended december 31, 2019.
Right of use asset: the correction of the misstatement resulted in net decrease of $237 thousand of costs related to Power Purchase agreements for the three months ended december 31, 2019.
interest expense: the correction of this misstatement resulted in an increase of $193 thousand to interest and other expense, net for the three months ended december 31, 2019.
other  adjustments:  immaterial  adjustments  for  the  three  months  ended  december  31,  2019  resulted  in  the  following:  adjustments  related  to  an  increase  in  sales  of  fuel  cells  and  related
infrastructure of $18 thousand, an increase $87 thousand in cost of revenue for sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $44 thousand in cost of services performed on
fuel cells and related infrastructure, a decrease in sales related to Power Purchase agreements of $75 thousand, a decrease in cost of Power Purchase agreements of $18 thousand, an increase of
$44 thousand in cost of fuel delivered to customers, an increase of $876 thousand in research and development expenses and a decrease of $1.0 million in selling general and administrative costs.
Series e redeemable convertible preferred stock deemed dividend: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase of $1.3 million to preferred stock dividends declared, deemed
dividends and accretion of discount.

F-33

    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

net revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and
related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell
systems and related
infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

net revenue
Cost of revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and
related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell
systems and related
infrastructure
Provision (benefit) for loss
contracts related to service
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

total cost of revenue

operating expenses:

Research and development
Selling, general and
administrative

total operating expenses

operating loss

interest and other expense, net
Change in fair value of
common stock warrant liability
loss on extinguishment of debt

loss before income taxes

income tax benefit

net loss attributable to the
Company

Preferred stock dividends
declared, deemed dividends and
accretion of discount

net loss attributable to common
shareholders

net loss per share:

Basic and diluted

weighted average number of
common shares outstanding

$

$

$

$

Restatement
References

e

e

a

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the three months ended September 30, 2019
As
Restated

Restatement
Adjustments

As Previously
Reported

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019
As
Restated

Restatement
Adjustments

As Previously
Reported

$

38,877 $

6

$

38,883

$

80,117 $

18

$

80,135

6,205
6,595  
7,649  
135
59,461

24,990  

6,461  

—
10,353  
9,160  
150  
51,114  

—
(75)
—
—
(69)

193

1,341

(206)
461
1,989
—
3,778

8,028

10,400
18,428

(10,081)

(7,972)  

427  
(518)  

(4,465)

(5)
(4,470)

623

(301)

—
—

6,205
6,520
7,649
135
59,392

17,889
19,114  
21,320  
135
138,575

—
(225)
—
—
(207)

17,889
18,889
21,320
135
138,368

25,183

50,440  

384

50,824

7,802

(206)
10,814
11,149
150
54,892

4,500

3,563

10,395
13,958

(9,458)

(8,273)

427
(518)

18,802  

—
28,064  
25,935  
150  
123,391  

4,174

(407)
1,412
6,512
—
12,075

15,184  

(12,282)

24,334

33,351
57,685

(42,501)

(24,178)  

7  
(518)  

(14,157)

(122)
(14,279)

1,997

(514)

—
—

22,976

a, b

b
a, c, e
a

a

c

d

(407)
29,476
32,447
150
135,466

2,902

10,177

33,229
43,406

(40,504)

(24,692)

7
(518)

(18,144) $

322

$

(17,822)

$

(67,190) $

1,483

$

(65,707)

—  

—

—  

—  

—

—

(18,144) $

322

$

(17,822)

$

(67,190) $

1,483

$

(65,707)

(531)

(209)

(13)  

(18,157) $

(0.08)

(544)

(39)  

(531)

(570)

f

$

$

(18,366)

(0.08)

$

$

(67,229) $

952

(0.29)

$

$

(66,277)

(0.29)

236,759,521

236,759,521

229,519,323

229,519,323

Gross profit

8,347  

(3,847)

For the three months ended September 30, 2019

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)
(e)

(f)

Research and development: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $4.5 million to research and development, and an increase of $193 thousand to the cost of sales of fuel
cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure,  an  increase  of  $1.6  million  to  the  cost  of  service  performed  on  fuel  cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure,  an  increase  in  cost  of  Power  Purchase
agreements of $654 thousand and an increase in the cost of fuel delivered to customers of $2.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in benefit of $206 thousand to the provision for loss contracts related to service and a decrease of $288
thousand to costs of services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure for the three months ended September 30, 2019.
Right of use asset: the correction of the misstatement resulted in net decrease of $175 thousand of cost related to power purchase agreements and a decrease of $5 thousand in selling general and
administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2019.
interest expense: the correction of this misstatement resulted in an increase of $301 thousand to interest and other expense, net for the three months ended September 30, 2019.
other  adjustments:  immaterial  adjustments  for  the  three  months  ended  September  30,  2019  resulted  in  the  following:  adjustments  related  to  an  increase  in  sales  of  fuel  cells  and  related
infrastructure of $6 thousand, a decrease in sales related to Power Purchase agreements of $75 thousand and a decrease in cost of Power Purchase agreements of $18 thousand.
Series e redeemable convertible preferred stock deemed dividend: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase of $531 thousand to preferred stock dividends declared, deemed
dividends and accretion of discount.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019

(a)

Research and development: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $14.2 million to research and development, an increase of $384 thousand to the cost of sales of fuel cell
systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $5.1 million to the costs of services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, increase in cost of Power Purchase agreements of
$2.0 million and an increase in the cost of fuel delivered to customers of $6.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

F-34

    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(b)

(c)

(d)
(e)

(f)

Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in benefit of $407 thousand to the provision for loss contracts related to service and a decrease of $960
thousand to costs of service performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
Right of use asset: the correction of the misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $150 thousand of costs related to power purchase agreements and a decrease of $122 thousand in selling general
and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
interest expense: the correction of this misstatement resulted in increase of of $514 thousand to interest and other expense, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
other  adjustments:  immaterial  adjustments  for  the  nine  months  ended  September  30,  2019  resulted  in  the  following:  adjustments  related  to  an  increase  in  sales  of  fuel  cells  and  related
infrastructure of $18 thousand, a decrease in sales related to Power Purchase agreements of $225 thousand and a decrease in cost of Power Purchase agreements of $53 thousand.
Series e redeemable convertible preferred stock deemed dividend: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net increase of $531 thousand to preferred stock dividends declared, deemed
dividends and accretion of discount.

F-35

table of Contents

net revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and
related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel
cell systems and related
infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

net revenue
Cost of revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and
related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel
cell systems and related
infrastructure
Provision (benefit) for loss
contracts related to service
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
total cost of revenue

operating expenses:

Research and development
Selling, general and
administrative

total operating expenses

operating loss

interest and other expense, net
Change in fair value of
common stock warrant
liability

loss before income taxes

income tax benefit

net loss attributable to the
Company

Preferred stock dividends
declared, deemed dividends and
accretion of discount

net loss attributable to common
shareholders

net loss per share:

Basic and diluted

weighted average number of
common shares outstanding

$

$

$

$

For the three months ended June 30, 2019

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the three months ended June 30, 2019

For the six months ended June 30, 2019

As Previously
Reported

Restatement
Adjustments

As
Restated

As Previously
Reported

Restatement
Adjustments

As
Restated

Restatement
References

$

38,696 $

6

$

38,702

$

41,240 $

12

$

41,252

5,341
6,409  
7,089  
—
57,535

—
(75)
—
—
(69)

5,341
6,334
7,089
—
57,466

11,684
12,519  
13,671  
—
79,114

—
(150)
—
—
(138)

11,684
12,369
13,671
—
78,976

e

e

23,129  

200

23,329

25,450  

191

25,641

a, e

6,218  

—
8,713  
8,854  
46,914  

2,165

(363)
116
2,292
4,410

8,933

13,627
22,560

(11,939)

(7,861)  

(5,325)

(14)
(5,339)

860

(104)

8,383

(363)
8,829
11,146
51,324

6,142

3,608

13,613
17,221

(11,079)

(7,965)

12,341  

—
17,711  
16,775  
72,277  

2,833

(201)
951
4,523
8,297

6,837  

(8,435)

16,306

22,951
39,257

(32,420)

(16,206)  

(9,692)

(117)
(9,809)

1,374

(213)

15,174

(201)
18,662
21,298
80,574

(1,598)

6,614

22,834
29,448

(31,046)

(16,419)

a, b

b
a, e
a

a

c

d

1,706  

—

1,706

(420)  

—

(420)

(18,094) $

756

$

(17,338)

$

(49,046) $

1,161

$

(47,885)

—  

—

—  

—  

—

—

(18,094) $

756

$

(17,338)

$

(49,046) $

1,161

$

(47,885)

—

756

(13)  

(18,107) $

(0.08)

(13)

(26)  

—

(26)

$

$

(17,351)

(0.08)

$

$

(49,072) $

1,161

(0.22)

$

$

(47,911)

(0.21)

231,114,868

231,114,868

225,899,224

225,899,224

Gross loss

10,621  

(4,479)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)
(e)

Research and development: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $5.3 million to research and development, an increase of $200 thousand to the cost of sales of fuel cell
systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $2.5 million to the cost of service performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase in cost of Power Purchase agreements of
$299 thousand, and an increase in the cost of fuel delivered to customers of $2.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in benefit of of $363 thousand to the provision for loss contracts related to service and a decrease of
$369 thousand to costs of services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure for the three months ended June 30, 2019.
Right of use asset: the correction of the misstatement resulted in net decrease of $165 thousand of revenue related to cost of power purchase agreements, and a decrease of $14 thousand in selling
general and administrative for the three months ended June 30, 2019.
interest expense: the correction of this misstatement resulted in increase of of $104 thousand to interest and other expense, net for the three months ended June 30, 2019.
other adjustments: immaterial adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2019 resulted in the following: adjustments related to an increase in sales of fuel cells and related infrastructure
of $6 thousand, a decrease in sales related to Power Purchase agreements of $75 thousand, and a decrease in cost of Power Purchase agreements of $18 thousand.

For the six months ended June 30, 2019

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Research and development: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $9.7 million to research and development, and an increase of $343 thousand to the cost of sales of fuel
cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $3.5 million to the cost of service performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase in cost of Power Purchase agreements
of $1.3 million, and an increase in the cost of fuel delivered to customers of $4.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in benefit of of $201 thousand to the provision for loss contracts related to service and a decrease of $672
thousand to cost service performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure for the six months ended June 30, 2019.
Right of use asset: the correction of the misstatement resulted in net decrease of $335 thousand of cost related to power purchase agreements and a decrease of $117 thousand in selling general and
administrative for the six months ended June 30, 2019.
interest expense: the correction of this misstatement resulted in increase of $213 thousand to interest and other expense, net for the six months ended June 30, 2019.

F-36

    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(e)

other adjustments: immaterial adjustments for the six months ended June 30, 2019 resulted in the following: adjustments related to an increase in sales of fuel cells and related infrastructure of
$12 thousand, a decrease in sales related to Power Purchase agreements of $150 thousand, a decrease of $152 thousand in the cost of revenue for sales of fuel cells and related infrastructure and
decrease in cost of Power Purchase agreements of $35 thousand.

For the three months ended March 31, 2019

As Previously
Reported

Restatement
Adjustments

As
Restated

Restatement
References

net revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers

net revenue
Cost of revenue:

Sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Provision for loss contracts related to service
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
total cost of revenue

Gross loss

operating expenses:

Research and development
Selling, general and administrative

total operating expenses

operating loss

interest and other expense, net
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability

loss before income taxes

income tax benefit

net loss attributable to the Company

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and accretion of
discount

net loss attributable to common shareholders

net loss per share:

Basic and diluted

weighted average number of common shares outstanding

For the three months ended March 31, 2019

$

$

$

$

$

$

2,544
6,343
6,110
6,582
21,579

2,321
6,123
—
8,998
7,921
25,363

(3,784)

7,373
9,324
16,697

(20,481)

(8,345)
(2,126)

(30,952) $

—  

(30,952) $

(52)

(31,004) $

(0.14)

220,605,068

6
—
(75)
—
(69)

(9)
668
162
835
2,231
3,887

(3,956)

(4,367)
(103)
(4,470)

514

(109)
—

405

—

405

39

444

$

$

$

$

$

e

e

a, e
a, b
b
a, c, e
a

a
c, e

d

2,550
6,343
6,035
6,582
21,510

2,312
6,791
162
9,833
10,152
29,250

(7,740)

3,006
9,221
12,227

(19,967)

(8,454)
(2,126)

(30,547)

—

(30,547)

(13)

f

(30,560)

(0.14)

220,605,068

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)
(e)

(f)

Research and development: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $4.4 million to research and development, an increase of $143 thousand to the cost of sales
of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase of $971 thousand to the cost of service performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, an increase in cost of power
purchase agreements of $1.0 million and an increase in the cost of fuel delivered to customers of $2.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019.
Provision  for  loss  contracts  related  to  service:  the  correction  of  this  misstatement  resulted  in  a  decrease  of  $303  thousand  in  services  performed  on  fuel  cell  systems  and  related
infrastructure and a net increase of $162 thousand to the provision for loss contracts related to service for the three months ended March 31, 2019.
Right of use asset: the correction of the misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $167 thousand of cost related to power purchase agreements and increase of $3 thousand to selling
general and administrative expenses, for the three months ended March 31, 2019.
interest expense: the correction of this misstatement resulted in an increase of $109 thousand to interest and other expense, net for the three months ended March 31, 2019.
other adjustments: immaterial adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2019 resulted in the following: adjustments related to an increase in sales of fuel cells and related
infrastructure of $6 thousand, a decrease in sales related to Power Purchase agreements of $75 thousand, decrease of $106 thousand on selling general and administrative expenses and
a decrease of $152 thousand in cost of  sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure and a decrease in cost of power purchase agreements of $18 thousand.
Series e redeemable convertible preferred stock deemed dividend: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a net decrease of $39 thousand to preferred stock dividends declared,
deemed dividends and accretion of discount.

F-37

    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

the following tables present the effect of the Restatement items, as well as other adjustments,  on the Company’s unaudited

interim condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss indicated (in thousands, except per share):

     Three Months

Ended
March 31, 2019

Three Months
Ended
June 30, 2019

Six Months
Ended
June 30, 2019

Three Months
Ended
September 30, 2019

Nine Months
Ended
September 30, 2019

Three Months
Ended
December 30, 2019

As Restated

net loss attributable to the Company
other comprehensive gain (loss) - foreign
currency translation adjustment
Comprehensive loss attributable to the Company

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed
dividends and accretion of discount
Comprehensive loss attributable to common
stockholders

$

$

(30,547)

(17,338)

(47,885)

(210)
(30,757) $

86
(17,252) $

(124)
(48,009) $

(17,822)

(531)
(18,353) $

(65,707)

(655)
(66,362) $

(13)

(13)

(26)

(544)

(570)

(30,770) $

(17,265) $

(48,035) $

(18,897) $

(66,932) $

(18,036)

296
(17,740)

(1,241)

(18,981)

For the three months ended September 30, 2020
As
Restated

Cumulative
Adjustments

As Previously
Reported

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020
Cumulative
Adjustments

As Previously
Reported

As
Restated

net loss attributable to the Company
other comprehensive gain - foreign currency translation
adjustment
Comprehensive loss attributable to the Company

$

$

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and
accretion of discount
Comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders

(39,379)

687
(38,692)

—

(38,692)

(25,838)

(65,217) $

(85,514)

(26,536)

(112,050)

$

—
(25,838)

$

687  
(64,530) $

558
(84,956) $

—
(26,536) $

558
(111,492)

—

—

(19)

(7)

(26)

(25,838)

(64,530)

(84,975)

(26,543)

(111,518)

For the three months ended June 30, 2020
As
Restated

Cumulative
Adjustments

As Previously
Reported

For the six months ended June 30, 2020
As
Restated

Cumulative
Adjustments

As Previously
Reported

net loss attributable to the Company
other comprehensive gain (loss) - foreign currency translation
adjustment
Comprehensive loss attributable to the Company

$

$

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and accretion
of discount
Comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders

$

(8,656)

107
(8,549)

(13)

(8,562)

(745)

—
(745)

—

(745)

(9,401) $

(46,135)

107  
(9,294) $

$

(129)
(46,264)

$

(13)

(19)

(9,307)

(46,283)

(698)

—
(698)

(7)

(705)

(46,833)

(129)
(46,962)

$

(26)

(46,988)

As Previously Reported

Cumulative Adjustments

As Restated

For the three months ended March 31, 2020,

net loss attributable to the Company
other comprehensive loss - foreign currency translation adjustment
Comprehensive loss attributable to the Company

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and accretion of discount
Comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders

$

$

$

(37,479)
(236)
(37,715)

(13)

(37,728)

$

$

47
—
47

—

47

$

$

(37,432)
(236)
(37,668)

(13)

(37,681)

F-38

    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the three months ended September 30, 2019
As Previously
Reported

Cumulative
Adjustments

As
Restated

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019
Cumulative
As Previously
Adjustments
Reported

As
Restated

net loss attributable to the Company
other comprehensive gain (loss) - foreign currency
translation adjustment
Comprehensive loss attributable to the Company

$

$

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and
accretion of discount
Comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders

(18,144)

(531)
(18,675) $

(13)

(18,688)

322

—
322

(531)

(209)

(17,822) $

(67,190)

(531)
(18,353) $

$

(655)
(67,845) $

1,483

—
1,483

$

(65,707)

(655)
(66,362)

(544)

(18,897)

(39)

(67,884)

(531)

952

(570)

(66,932)

For the three months ended June 30, 2019

As Previously
Reported

Cumulative
Adjustments

As
Restated

For the six months ended June 30, 2019
Cumulative
Adjustments

As Previously
Reported

As
Restated

net loss attributable to the Company
other comprehensive gain (loss) - foreign currency
translation adjustment
Comprehensive loss attributable to the Company

$

$

(18,094)

86
(18,008)

$

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed
dividends and accretion of discount
Comprehensive loss attributable to common
stockholders

(13)

(18,021)

756

—
756

—

756

(17,338) $

(49,046)

86
(17,252) $

$

(124)
(49,170)

$

(13)

(26)

(17,265)

(49,196)

$

1,161

—
1,161

—

1,161

(47,885)

(124)
(48,009)

(26)

(48,035)

As Previously Reported

Cumulative Adjustments

As Restated

For the three months ended March 31, 2019,

net loss attributable to the Company
other comprehensive gain (loss) - foreign currency translation adjustment
Comprehensive loss attributable to the Company

Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed dividends and accretion of discount
Comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders

$

$

$

(30,952)
(210)
(31,162)

(52)

(31,214)

$

405
—
405

39

444

$

$

(30,547)
(210)
(30,757)

(13)

(30,770)

the  following  tables  present  the  effect  of  the  Restatement  items,  as  well  as  other  adjustments,  on  the  Company’s  unaudited
interim condensed consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity (in thousands, except per share):

Common Stock

Additional
 Paid-in
     Amount      Capital

Shares

     Accumulated     
Other
Comprehensive
Income

Treasury Stock

Shares

     Amount

Accumulated
Deficit

Total
Stockholders’
Equity

BalanCe - March 31, 2020 (as
Previously Reported)
Cumulative adjustments
BalanCe - March 31, 2020 (as
Restated)

322,220,469
—

$ 3,222
  —

$

1,519,257
(163)

$

1,164  
(112) 

15,261,007
—

$

(31,224)
—

$

(1,383,299)
(4,453)

322,220,469

3,222

1,519,094

1,052

15,261,007

(31,224)

(1,387,752)

BalanCe - June 30, 2020 (as
Previously Reported)
Cumulative adjustments
BalanCe - June 30, 2020 (as Restated)

348,201,792
—
348,201,792

$ 3,482
  —
3,482

BalanCe - September 30, 2020 (as
Previously Reported)
Cumulative adjustments
BalanCe - September 30, 2020 (as
Restated)

406,123,816
—

$ 4,061
  —

406,123,816

$ 4,061

$

$

$

1,658,532
(94)
1,658,438

2,083,199
(30)

2,083,169

$

$

$

1,271  
(112) 
1,159

15,292,591
—
15,292,591

1,958  
(112) 

15,926,068
—

1,846

15,926,068

$

$

$

(31,359)
—
(31,359)

(40,434)
—

(40,434)

$

$

$

F-39

$

$

$

109,120
(4,728)

104,392

239,965
(5,405)
234,560

617,444
(31,179)

(1,391,961)
(5,199)
(1,397,160)

(1,431,340)
(31,037)

(1,462,377)

$

586,265

    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
    
    
        
        
        
        
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Common Stock

Additional
 Paid-in
     Amount      Capital

Shares

     Accumulated     
Other
Comprehensive
Income

Treasury Stock

Shares

     Amount

Accumulated
Deficit

Total
Stockholders’
     Equity (Deficit)  

BalanCe - March 31, 2019 (as
Previously Reported)
Cumulative adjustments
BalanCe - March 31, 2019 (as
Restated)

BalanCe - June 30, 2019 (as
Previously Reported)
Cumulative adjustments
BalanCe - June 30, 2019 (as
Restated)

244,537,235
—

$ 2,445
  —

244,537,235

2,445

246,975,173
—

$ 2,470
  —

246,975,173

2,470

BalanCe - September 30, 2019 (as
Previously Reported)
Cumulative adjustments
BalanCe - September 30, 2019 (as
Restated)

253,982,578
—

$ 2,540
  —

253,982,578

$ 2,540

$

$

$

$

1,316,893
(78)

$

1,374  
—  

15,002,663
—

$

(30,637)
—

$

(1,291,255)
(5,817)

1,316,815

1,374

15,002,663

(30,637)

(1,297,072)

1,325,459
(78)

$

1,460  
—  

15,020,437
—

$

(30,681)
—

$

(1,309,363)
(5,062)

1,325,381

1,460

15,020,437

(30,681)

(1,314,425)

1,340,859
(78)

1,340,781

$

$

929  
—  

15,259,045
—

929

15,259,045

$

$

(31,216)
—

(31,216)

$

$

(1,327,518)
(4,741)

(1,332,259)

$

$

$

$

(1,180)
(5,895)

(7,075)

(10,655)
(5,140)

(15,795)

(14,406)
(4,819)

(19,225)

F-40

    
    
        
        
        
        
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

the  following  tables  present  the  effect  of  the  Restatement  items,  as  well  as  other  adjustments,  on  the  Company’s

unaudited interim condensed consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands):

Operating Activities
net loss attributable to the Company
adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

depreciation of long-lived assets
amortization of intangible assets
Stock-based compensation
Gain on extinguishment of debt
amortization of debt issuance costs and discount on convertible senior notes
Provision for common stock warrants
Fair value adjustment to contingent consideration
income tax benefit
loss (benefit) on service contracts
Changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) cash: 

accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses, and other assets
accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities
deferred revenue

Net cash used in operating activities

Investing Activities

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchase of intangible assets
Purchases of equipment related to PPa and equipment related to fuel delivered to
customers
net cash paid for acquisitions

Net cash used in investing activities

Financing Activities

Proceeds from public offerings, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes, net
Repurchase of convertible senior notes
Purchase of capped calls and common stock forward
Proceeds from termination of capped calls
Principal payments on long-term debt
Proceeds from long-term debt, net
Repayments of finance obligations
Proceeds from finance obligations

Net cash provided by financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Cash paid for interest

Summary of non-cash investing and financing activity

Recognition of right of use assets
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock

three Months ended
March 31, 2020

As Restated
Six Months ended
June 30, 2020

nine Months ended
September 30, 2020

$

(37,432)

$

(46,833)

$

(112,050)

2,991
175
3,045
—
2,716
2,566
—
—
(128)

1,034
(20,581)
(10,794)
(3,374)
(620)
(60,402)

(2,507)
—

(3,848)
—
(6,355)

—
6,104
—
—
—
—
(5,315)
—
(5,343)
9,024
4,470
1
(62,286)
369,500
307,214

5,155

340
441

$

$

$

6,069
398
6,188
(13,222)
6,528
7,983
—
(17,371)
277

(18,333)
(37,983)
(11,887)
3,903
2,392
(111,891)

(5,009)
—

(6,256)
(45,286)
(56,551)

(269)
15,798
205,100
(90,238)
(16,253)
24,158
(21,626)
49,000
(11,129)
27,678
182,219
(24)
13,753
369,500
383,253

9,466

6,836
441

$

$

$

9,860
835
9,258
(13,222)
12,183
25,198
1,130
(24,015)
25,110

(86,056)
(57,615)
(4,956)
41,125
16,709
(156,506)

(11,265)
(1,638)

(13,699)
(45,113)
(71,715)

344,398
23,335
205,098
(90,238)
(16,253)
24,158
(27,845)
99,000
(19,038)
47,568
590,183
(90)
361,872
369,500
731,372

16,975

25,857
43,058

$

$

$

F-41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Operating Activities
net loss attributable to the Company
adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

depreciation of long-lived assets
amortization of intangible assets
Stock-based compensation
loss on extinguishment of debt
Provision for bad debts and other assets
amortization of debt issuance costs and discount on convertible senior notes
Provision for common stock warrants
loss on disposal of leased assets
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
Benefit on service contracts
Changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) cash: 

accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses, and other assets
accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities
deferred revenue

Net cash used in operating activities

Investing Activities

Proceeds from sale of equity interest in joint venture
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchase of intangible assets
Purchases of equipment related to PPa and equipment related to fuel delivered to
customers
Proceeds from sale of leased assets

Net cash used in investing activities

Financing Activities

Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from public offerings, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Payments for redemption of preferred stock
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes, net
Principal payments on long-term debt
Proceeds from long-term debt, net
Repayments of finance obligations
Proceeds from finance obligations

Net cash provided by financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Cash paid for interest

Summary of non-cash investing and financing activity

Recognition of right of use assets
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock

three Months ended
March 31, 2019

As Restated
Six Months ended
June 30, 2019

nine Months ended
September 30, 2019

$

(30,547)

$

(47,885)

$

(65,707)

2,748
175
2,497
518
307
2,469
1,193

—  

2,126
(142)

5,001
(17,716)
1,018
(2,887)
(2,459)
(35,699)

(1,468)

—  

(806)
—
(2,274) 

(3)
23,498
81
—  
—
(17,671)
84,761
(53,580)
—
37,086
(35)
(922)
110,153
109,231

$

4,858

2,000
—

$

$

5,433
338
5,123
518
907
4,340
2,209
212
420
(873)

9,864
(25,431)
(460)
662
(3,705)
(48,328)

(2,844)
(1,860)

(1,987)
375
(6,316)

(8)
28,265
205
—
—
(18,039)
99,546
(55,712)
25,609
79,866
(48)
25,174
110,153
135,327

8,673

11,689
—

$

$

$

8,858
518
7,927
518
1,253
6,442
3,706
212
(7)
(1,366)

11,625
(32,843)
427
10,164
(5,868)
(54,141)

(4,635)
(1,860)

(2,851)
375
(8,971)

(37)
38,098
(116)
(4,040)
39,052
(21,704)
99,496
(56,603)
57,249
151,395
(119)
88,164
110,153
198,317

8,673

29,903
1,883

$

$

$

F-42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Restatement
Adjustments

As previously
Reported

As
Restated

Operating Activities
net loss attributable to the Company
adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

depreciation of long-lived assets
amortization of intangible assets
Stock-based compensation
Gain on extinguishment of debt
amortization of debt issuance costs and discount on convertible senior
notes
Provision for common stock warrants
Fair value adjustment to contingent consideration
income tax benefit
loss on service contracts
Changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) cash: 

accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses, and other assets
accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities
deferred revenue

Net cash used in operating activities

Investing Activities

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchase of intangible assets
Purchases of equipment related to PPa and equipment related to fuel
delivered to customers
net cash paid for acquisitions

Net cash used in investing activities

Financing Activities

Proceeds from public offerings, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes, net
Repurchase of convertible senior notes
Purchase of capped calls and common stock forward
Proceeds from termination of capped calls
Principal payments on long-term debt
Proceeds from long-term debt, net
Repayments of finance obligations
Proceeds from finance obligations

Net cash provided by financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Cash paid for interest

Summary of non-cash investing and financing activity

Recognition of right of use assets
Conversion of convertible notes to common stock

For the nine months ended September 30, 2020

$

(85,514)

$

(26,536)

$

(112,050)

9,381
835
9,258
(13,222)

12,183
25,198
1,130
(24,182)
4,306

(86,004)
(57,718)
(4,956)
35,748
16,647
(156,910)

(11,265)
(1,638)

(13,699)
(45,113)
(71,715) 

344,398
23,335
205,098
(90,238)
(16,253)
24,158
(27,845)
99,000
(18,634)
47,568
590,587
(90)
361,872
369,500
731,372

16,975

56,377
42,873

$

$

$

$

$

$

479
—
—
—

—
—
—
167
20,804

(52)
103
—
5,377
62
404

—
—

—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
(404)
—
(404)
—
—
—
— $

—

(30,520)
185

$

9,860
835
9,258
(13,222)

12,183
25,198
1,130
(24,015)
25,110

(86,056)
(57,615)
(4,956)
41,125
16,709
(156,506)

(11,265)
(1,638)

(13,699)
(45,113)
(71,715)

344,398
23,335
205,098
(90,238)
(16,253)
24,158
(27,845)
99,000
(19,038)
47,568
590,183
(90)
361,872
369,500
731,372

16,975

25,857
43,058

Restatement
References

a

b, e

e
c

e
e

b, d, e
e

b

b
e

(a)
(b)

(c)

(d)
(e)

Refer to description of the adjustments and their impact on net loss in the Consolidated Statement of operations sections for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 above.
Right of use asset: the correction of this misstatement resulted in an increase to operating cash flows of $591 thousand and a decrease to financing cash flows of $404 thousand for the nine months
ended September 30,2020. in addition, the adjustments resulted in a decrease of $30.5 million to the non-cash investing and financing activity related to the recognition of the right of use asset.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in an increase within operating cash flows of $20.8 million for the nine months ended September 30,
2020.
Bonus accrual: adjustments related to the under accrual for bonus expenses resulted in an increase within operating cash flows of $5.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.
other adjustments: immaterial adjustments resulted in an increase to operating cash flows of $226 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. in addition, there was an increase of
$185 thousand in conversion of convertible notes to common stock.

F-43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

As previously
Reported

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
Restatement
Adjustments

As
Restated

Restatement
References

Operating Activities
net loss attributable to the Company
adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

depreciation of long-lived assets
amortization of intangible assets
Stock-based compensation
Gain on extinguishment of debt
amortization of debt issuance costs and discount on convertible senior notes
Provision for common stock warrants
income tax benefit
loss on service contracts
Changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) cash: 

accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses, and other assets
accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities
deferred revenue

Net cash used in operating activities

Investing Activities

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchases of equipment related to PPa and equipment related to fuel
delivered to customers
net cash paid for acquisitions

Net cash used in investing activities

Financing Activities

Proceeds from public offerings, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes, net
Repurchase of convertible senior notes
Purchase of capped calls and common stock forward
Proceeds from termination of capped calls
Principal payments on long-term debt
Proceeds from long-term debt, net
Repayments of finance obligations
Proceeds from finance obligations

Net cash provided by financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Cash paid for interest

Summary of non-cash investing and financing activity

Recognition of right of use assets
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock

As of June 30, 2020

$

(46,135)

$

(698)

$

5,783
398
6,188
(13,222)
6,528
7,983
(17,659)
—

(18,393)
(37,983)
(11,817)
4,699
2,383
(111,247)

(5,009)

(6,256)
(45,286)
(56,551) 

(269)
15,798
205,100
(90,238)
(16,253)
24,158
(21,626)
49,000
(11,783)
27,678
181,565
(14)
13,753
369,500
383,253

9,466

26,922
441

$

$

$

$

$

$

286
—
—
—
—
—
288
277

60
—
(70)
(796)
9
(644)

—

—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
654
—
654
(10)
—
—
— $

—

(20,086)
—

$

(46,833)

6,069
398
6,188
(13,222)
6,528
7,983
(17,371)
277

(18,333)
(37,983)
(11,887)
3,903
2,392
(111,891)

(5,009)

(6,256)
(45,286)
(56,551)

(269)
15,798
205,100
(90,238)
(16,253)
24,158
(21,626)
49,000
(11,129)
27,678
182,219
(24)
13,753
369,500
383,253

9,466

6,836
441

a

b, d

d
c

d

d
b, d
d

b,d

b

(a)
(b)

(c)
(d)

Refer to description of the adjustments and their impact on net loss in the Consolidated Statement of operations sections for the six months ended June 30, 2020 above.
Right of use asset: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a decrease to operating cash flows of $553 thousand and a decrease financing cash flows of $222 thousand for the six months
ended June 30, 2020. in addition, the adjustments resulted in a decrease of $20.1 million to the non-cash investing and financing activity related to the recognition of the right of use asset.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in an increase to operating cash flows of $277 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2020.
other adjustments:  immaterial adjustments resulted in an increase to operating cash flows of $330 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

F-44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

As previously
Reported

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Restatement
Adjustments

As
Restated

Operating Activities
net loss attributable to the Company
adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

depreciation of long-lived assets
amortization of intangible assets
Stock-based compensation
amortization of debt issuance costs and discount on convertible senior
notes
Provision for common stock warrants
Benefit on service contracts
Changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) cash: 

accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses, and other assets
accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities
deferred revenue

Net cash used in operating activities

Investing Activities

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchases of equipment related to PPa and equipment related to fuel
delivered to customers

Net cash used in investing activities

Financing Activities

Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Principal payments on long-term debt
Repayments of finance obligations
Proceeds from finance obligations

Net cash provided by financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Cash paid for interest

Summary of non-cash investing and financing activity

Recognition of right of use assets
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock

As of March 31, 2020

$

(37,479)

$

47

$

(37,432)

2,850
175
3,045

2,716
2,566

—  

1,011
(20,581)
(10,794)
(2,933)
(591)
(60,015)

(2,507)

(3,848)
(6,355) 

6,104
(5,315)
(5,730)
9,024
4,083
1
(62,286)
369,500
307,214

5,155

6,189
441

$

$

$

$

$

$

141
—
—

—
—
(128)

23
—
—
(441)
(29)
(387)

—

—
—

—
—
387
—
387
—
—
—
— $

—

(5,849)
—

$

2,991
175
3,045

2,716
2,566
(128)

1,034
(20,581)
(10,794)
(3,374)
(620)
(60,402)

(2,507)

(3,848)
(6,355)

6,104
(5,315)
(5,343)
9,024
4,470
1
(62,286)
369,500
307,214

5,155

340
441

Restatement
References

a

b, d

c

d

b
d

b

b

(a)
(b)

(c)
(d)

Refer to description of the adjustments and their impact on net loss in the Consolidated Statement of operations sections for the three months ended March 31, 2020 above.
Right of use asset:  the correction of this misstatement resulted in a decrease to operating cash flows of $282 thousand and an increase to financing cash flows of $387 thousand for the three
months ended March 31, 2020. in addition, the adjustments resulted in a decrease of $5.8 million to the non-cash investing and financing activity related to the recognition of the right of use asset.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a decrease to operating cash flows of $128 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2020.
other adjustments: immaterial adjustments resulted in a deccrease to operating cash flows of $24 thousand for the period ended March 31, 2020.

F-45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Restatement
Adjustments

As previously
Reported

As
Restated

Operating Activities
net loss attributable to the Company
adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

depreciation of long-lived assets
amortization of intangible assets
Stock-based compensation
loss on extinguishment of debt
Provision for bad debts and other assets
amortization of debt issuance costs and discount on convertible senior
notes
Provision for common stock warrants
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
loss on disposal of leased assets
Benefit on service contracts
Changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) cash: 

accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses, and other assets
accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities
deferred revenue

net cash used in operating activities

Investing Activities

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchase of intangible assets
Purchases of equipment related to PPa and equipment related to fuel
delivered to customers
Proceeds from sale of leased assets

net cash used in investing activities

Financing Activities

Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from public offerings, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Payments for redemption of preferred stock
Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes, net
Principal payments on long-term debt
Proceeds from long-term debt, net
Repayments of finance obligations
Proceeds from finance obligations

net cash provided by financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Cash paid for interest

Summary of non-cash investing and financing activity

Recognition of right of use assets
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019

$

(67,190)

$

1,483

$

(65,707)

8,944
518
7,927
—
1,253

6,257
3,706
(7)
212
—

11,702
(32,691)
427
13,293
(6,152)
(51,801)

(4,635)
(1,860)

(2,851)
375
(8,971) 

(37)
38,098
(116)
(4,040)
39,052
(21,186)
99,496
(59,461)
57,249
149,055
(119)
88,164
110,153
198,317

8,673

78,626
1,883

$

$

$

(86)
—
—
518
—

185
—
—
—
(1,366)

(77)
(152)
—
(3,129)
284
(2,340)

—
—

—
—
—

—
—
—
—
—
(518)
—
2,858
—
2,340
—
—
—
— $

—

(48,723)
—

$

8,858
518
7,927
518
1,253

6,442
3,706
(7)
212
(1,366)

11,625
(32,843)
427
10,164
(5,868)
(54,141)

(4,635)
(1,860)

(2,851)
375
(8,971)

(37)
38,098
(116)
(4,040)
39,052
(21,704)
99,496
(56,603)
57,249
151,395
(119)
88,164
110,153
198,317

8,673

29,903
1,883

$

$

$

Restatement
References

a

b, d

d

d

c

d
d

b, d
d

d

b

b

(a)
(b)

(c)
(d)

Refer to description of the adjustments and their impact on net loss in the Consolidated Statement of operations sections for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 above.
Right of use asset:  the correction of this misstatement resulted in a decrease to operating cash flows of $3.1 million and an increase to financing cash flows of $2.9 million for the nine months
ended September 30, 2019. in addition, the adjustments resulted in a decrease of $48.7 million to the non-cash investing and financing activity related to the recognition of the right of use asset.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a decrease to operating cash flows of $1.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.
other adjustments: immaterial adjustments resulted in an increase to operating cash flows of $600 thousand and a decrease to financing cash flows of $518 thousand for the period ended nine
months ended September 30, 2019.

F-46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

As previously
Reported

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Restatement
Adjustments

As
Restated

Restatement
References

$

(49,046)

$

1,161

$

(47,885)

Operating Activities
net loss attributable to the Company
adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

depreciation of long-lived assets
amortization of intangible assets
Stock-based compensation
loss on extinguishment of debt
amortization of debt issuance costs and discount on convertible senior
notes
Provision for common stock warrants
Provision for bad debts and other
loss on disposal of assets
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
Benefit on service contracts
Changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) cash: 

accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses, and other assets
accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities
deferred revenue

net cash used in operating activities

Investing Activities

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchase of intangible assets
Purchases of equipment related to PPa and equipment related to fuel
delivered to customers
Proceeds from sale of leased assets

net cash used in investing activities

Financing Activities

Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from public offerings, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Principal payments on long-term debt
Proceeds from long-term debt, net
Repayments of finance obligations
Proceeds from finance obligations

net cash provided by financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Cash paid for interest

Summary of non-cash investing and financing activity

Recognition of right of use assets

For the six months ended June 30, 2019

5,496
338
5,123
—

4,340
2,209
907
212
420
—

9,848
(25,280)
(460)
1,232
(3,827)
(48,488)

(2,844)
(1,860)

(1,987)
375
(6,316) 

(8)
28,265
205
(17,521)
99,546
(56,070)
25,609
80,026
(48)
25,174
110,153
135,327

8,673

34,530

$

$

$

$

$

$

a

b, d

d

c

d
d

b, d
d

d

b

(63)
—
—
518

—
—
—
—
—
(873)

16
(151)
—
(570)
122
160

—
—

—
—
—

—
—
—
(518)
—
358
—
(160)
—
—
—
— $

5,433
338
5,123
518

4,340
2,209
907
212
420
(873)

9,864
(25,431)
(460)
662
(3,705)
(48,328)

(2,844)
(1,860)

(1,987)
375
(6,316)

(8)
28,265
205
(18,039)
99,546
(55,712)
25,609
79,866
(48)
25,174
110,153
135,327

—

8,673

(22,841)

$

11,689

b

(a)
(b)

(c)
(d)

Refer to description of the adjustments and their impact on net loss in the Consolidated Statement of operations sections for the six months ended June 30, 2019 above.
Right of use asset: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a decrease to operating cash flows of $492 thousand and an increase to financing cash flows of $358 thousand for the six ended
June 30, 2019. in addition, the adjustments resulted in a decrease of $22.8 million to the non-cash investing and financing activity related to the recognition of the right of use asset.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a decrease to operating cash flows of $873 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2019.
other adjustments:  immaterial adjustments resulted in an increase to operating cash flows of $364 thousand and a decrease in financing cash flows of $518 thousand for the six months ended June
30, 2019.

F-47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Operating Activities
net loss attributable to the Company
adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

depreciation of long-lived assets
amortization of intangible assets
Stock-based compensation
loss on extinguishment of debt
Provision for bad debts and other assets
amortization of debt issuance costs and discount on convertible senior
notes
Provision for common stock warrants
Change in fair value of common stock warrant liability
Benefit on service contracts
Changes in operating assets and liabilities that provide (use) cash: 

accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses, and other assets
accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities
deferred revenue

net cash used in operating activities

Investing Activities

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchases of equipment related to PPa and equipment related to fuel
delivered to customers

net cash used in investing activities

Financing Activities

Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from public offerings, net of transaction costs
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Principal payments on long-term debt
Proceeds from long-term debt, net
Repayments of finance obligations

net cash provided by financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
Decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash beginning of period
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

Cash paid for interest

Summary of non-cash investing and financing activity

Recognition of right of use assets

For the three months ended March 31, 2019

$

$

$

As previously
Reported

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Restatement
Adjustments

As
Restated

$

(30,952)

$

405

$

(30,547)

2,776
175
2,497
—
307

2,469
1,193
2,126
—

4,978
(17,564)
1,018
(2,781)
(2,505)
(36,263)

(1,468)

(806)
(2,274) 

(3)
23,498
81
(17,153)
84,761
(53,534)
37,650
(35)
(922)
110,153
109,231

4,858

$

$

(28)
—
—
518
—

—
—
—
(142)

23
(152)
—
(106)
46
564

—

—
—

—
—
—
(518)
—
(46)
(564)
—
—
—
— $

2,748
175
2,497
518
307

2,469
1,193
2,126
(142)

5,001
(17,716)
1,018
(2,887)
(2,459)
(35,699)

(1,468)

(806)
(2,274)

(3)
23,498
81
(17,671)
84,761
(53,580)
37,086
(35)
(922)
110,153
109,231

—

4,858

Restatement
References

a

b, d

d

c

d
d

d
d

d

b

— $

2,000

$

2,000

b

(a)
(b)

(c)
(d)

Refer to description of the adjustments and their impact on net loss in the Consolidated Statement of operations sections for the three months ended March 31, 2019 above.
Right of use asset: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a decrease to operating cashflows of $12 thousand and a decrease to financing cashflow of $46 thousand for the three months
ended March 31,2019. in addition, the adjustments resulted in an increase of $2.0 million to the non-cash investing and financing activity related to the recognition of the right of use asset.
Provision for loss contracts related to service: the correction of this misstatement resulted in a decrease to operating cashflows of $142 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2020.
other adjustments:  immaterial adjustments resulted in an increase to operating activities of $312 thousand and a decrease in financing cashflows of $518 thousand for the three months ended
March 30, 2019.

4.  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation 

the  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  financial  statements  of  the  Company  and  its  wholly-owned

subsidiaries. all significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Leases

the  Company  is  a  lessee  in  noncancelable  (1)  operating  leases,  primarily  related  to  sale/leaseback  transactions  with
financial institutions for deployment of the Company’s products at certain customer sites, and (2) finance leases. the Company
accounts  for  leases  in  accordance  with  accounting  Standards  Codification  (aSC)  topic  842,  Leases  (aSC  topic  842),  as
amended.

F-48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

the Company determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at contract inception. the Company recognizes a right
of use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date.  For operating leases, the lease liability is initially measured at
the present value of the unpaid lease payments at the lease commencement date. For finance leases, the lease liability is initially
measured in the same manner and date as for operating leases and is subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective
interest method.

Key estimates and judgments include how the Company determines (1) the discount rate it uses to discount the unpaid

lease payments to present value, (2) the lease term and (3) the lease payments.

● aSC topic 842 requires a lessee to discount its unpaid lease payments using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if
that  rate  cannot  be  readily  determined,  its  incremental  borrowing  rate.  Generally,  the  Company  cannot  determine  the
interest rate implicit in the lease because it does not have access to the lessor’s estimated residual value or the amount of
the  lessor’s  deferred  initial  direct  costs.  therefore,  the  Company  generally  uses  its  incremental  borrowing  rate  as  the
discount rate for the lease. the Company’s incremental borrowing rate for a lease is the rate of interest it would have to
pay on a collateralized  basis to borrow  an amount  equal  to  the lease  payments  under similar  terms.  adjustments that
considered the Company’s actual borrowing rate, inclusive of securitization, as well as borrowing rates for companies of
similar credit quality, were applied in the determination of the incremental borrowing rate.

●

●

the  lease  term  for  all  of  the  Company’s  leases  includes  the  noncancelable  period  of  the  lease,  plus  any  additional
periods covered by either a Company option to extend (or not to terminate) the lease that the Company is reasonably
certain to exercise, or an option to extend (or not to terminate) the lease controlled by the lessor.

lease  payments  included  in  the  measurement  of  the  lease  liability  comprise  fixed  payments,  and  for  certain  finance
leases, the exercise price of a Company option to purchase the underlying asset if the Company is reasonably certain at
lease commencement to exercise the option.

the right of use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for
lease payments made at or before the lease commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred less any lease incentives
received.  For operating leases, the right of use asset is subsequently measured throughout the lease term at the carrying amount
of the lease liability, plus initial direct costs, plus (minus) any prepaid (accrued) lease payments, less the unamortized balance of
lease incentives received. lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

For  finance  leases,  the  right  of  use  asset  is  subsequently  amortized  using  the  straight-line  method  from  the  lease
commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the underlying asset or the end of the lease term unless the lease
transfers  ownership  of  the  underlying  asset  to  the  Company  or  the  Company  is  reasonably  certain  to  exercise  an  option  to
purchase  the  underlying  asset.  in  those  cases,  the  right  of  use  asset  is  amortized  over  the  useful  life  of  the  underlying  asset.
amortization  of the  right  of  use  asset  is  recognized  and  presented  separately  from  interest  expense  on the lease  liability.   the
Company’s leases do not contain variable lease payments.  

Right of use assets for operating and finance leases are periodically reviewed for impairment losses. the Company uses
the  long-lived  assets  impairment  guidance  in  aSC  Subtopic  360-10,  Property,  Plant,  and  Equipment  –  Overall,  to  determine
whether an right of use asset is impaired, and if so, the amount of the impairment loss to recognize.

the  Company  monitors  for  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  that  require  a  reassessment  of  its  leases.  when  a
reassessment results in the remeasurement of a lease liability, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the
corresponding right of use asset.

operating and finance lease right of use assets are presented separately on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.
the current portions of operating and finance lease liabilities are also presented separately within current liabilities and the long-
term portions are presented separately within noncurrent liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

F-49

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

the Company has elected not to recognize right of use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease
term of 12 months or less.  the Company recognizes the lease payments associated with its short-term leases as an expense on a
straight-line basis over the lease term.

Revenue Recognition

the  Company  enters  into  contracts  that  may  contain  one  or  a  combination  of  fuel  cell  systems  and  infrastructure,
installation, maintenance, spare parts, fuel delivery and other support services. Contracts containing fuel cell systems and related
infrastructure may be sold directly to customers or provided to customers under a PPa, discussed further below.

the Company does not include a right of return on its products other than rights related to standard warranty provisions
that permit repair or replacement of defective goods. the Company accrues for anticipated standard warranty costs at the same
time that revenue is recognized for the related product, or when circumstances indicate that warranty costs will be incurred, as
applicable.  any prepaid amounts would only be refunded to the extent services have not been provided or the fuel cell systems
or infrastructure have not been delivered.

Revenue is measured based on the transaction price specified in a contract with a customer, subject to the allocation of
the transaction price to distinct performance obligations as discussed below. the Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a
performance obligation by transferring a product or service to a customer.

Promises  to  the  customer  are  separated  into  performance  obligations,  and  are  accounted  for  separately  if  they  are  (1)
capable of being distinct and (2) distinct in the context of the contract. the Company considers a performance obligation to be
distinct if the customer can benefit from the good or service either on its own or together with other resources readily available to
the customer and the Company’s promise to transfer the goods or service to the customer is separately identifiable  from other
promises  in  the  contract.  the  Company  allocates  revenue  to  each  distinct  performance  obligation  based  on relative  standalone
selling prices.

Payment terms for sales of fuel cells, infrastructure and service to customers are typically 30 to 90 days. Sale/leaseback
transactions  with  financial  institutions  are  invoiced  and  collected  upon  transaction  closing.  Service  is  prepaid  upfront  in  a
majority of the arrangements. the Company does not adjust the transaction price for a significant financing component when the
performance obligation is expected to be fulfilled within a year.

in  2017,  in  separate  transactions,  the  Company  issued  to  each  of  amazon.com  nV  investment  holdings  llC  and
walmart warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock. the Company presents the provision for common stock
warrants within each revenue-related line item on the consolidated statements of operations. this presentation reflects a discount
that those common stock warrants represent, and therefore revenue is net of these non-cash charges.  the provision of common
stock  warrants  is  allocated  to  the  relevant  revenue-related  line  items  based  upon  the  expected  mix  of  the  revenue  for  each
respective contract. See note 18, “warrant transaction agreements,’ for more details.

Nature of goods and services

the following is a description of principal activities from which the Company generates its revenue.

(j) Sales of Fuel Cell Systems and Related infrastructure

Revenue  from  sales  of  fuel  cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure  represents  sales  of  our  Gendrive  units,  GenSure

stationary backup power units, as well as hydrogen fueling infrastructure.

the Company uses a variety of information sources in determining standalone selling prices for fuel cells systems and
related infrastructure. For Gendrive fuel cells, given the nascent nature of the Company’s market, the Company considers several
inputs, including prices from a limited number of standalone sales as well as the Company’s negotiations with customers. the
Company also considers its costs to produce fuel cells as well as comparable list prices in estimating standalone selling prices.
the Company uses applicable observable evidence from similar products in the market to determine standalone selling prices for
GenSure stationary backup power units and hydrogen fueling infrastructure. the determination of standalone selling prices of the
Company’s  performance  obligations  requires  significant  judgment,  including  periodic  assessment  of  pricing  approaches  and
available observable evidence in the market. once relative

F-50

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

standalone  selling  prices  are  determined,  the  Company  proportionately  allocates  the  transaction  price  to  each  performance
obligation within the customer arrangement based upon standalone selling price. the allocated transaction price related to fuel
cell systems and spare parts is recognized as revenue at a point in time which usually occurs at shipment (and occasionally upon
delivery). Revenue on hydrogen infrastructure installations is generally recognized at the point at which transfer of control passes
to the customer, which usually occurs upon customer acceptance of the hydrogen infrastructure. in certain instances, control of
hydrogen infrastructure installations transfers to the customer over time, and the related revenue is recognized over time as the
performance obligation is satisfied. the Company uses an input method to determine the amount of revenue to recognize during
each  reporting  period  when  such  revenue  is  recognized  over  time,  based  on  the  costs  incurred  to  satisfy  the  performance
obligation.

(ii)

Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure

Revenue  from  services  performed  on  fuel  cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure  represents  revenue  earned  on  our
service  and  maintenance  contracts  and  sales  of  spare  parts.  the  Company  uses  an  adjusted  market  assessment  approach  to
determine  standalone  selling  prices  for  services.  this  approach  considers  market  conditions  and  constraints,  the  Company’s
market share, pricing strategies and objectives while maximizing the use of available observable inputs obtained from a limited
number  of  historical  standalone  service  renewal  prices  and  negotiations  with  customers.  the  transaction  price  allocated  to
services as discussed above is generally recognized as revenue over time on a straight-line basis over the expected service period,
as  customers  simultaneously  receive  and  consume  the  benefits  of  routine,  recurring  maintenance  performed  throughout  the
contract period.

in  substantially  all  of  its  commercial  transactions,  the  Company  sells  extended  maintenance  contracts  that  generally
provide for a five-to-ten-year service period from the date of product installation in exchange for an up-front payment. Services
include monitoring, technical support, maintenance and services that provide for 97% to 98% uptime of the fleet. these services
are accounted for as a separate performance obligation, and accordingly, revenue generated from these transactions, subject to the
proportional allocation of transaction price, is deferred and recognized as revenue over the term of the contract, generally on a
straight-line basis. additionally, the Company may enter into annual service and extended maintenance contracts that are billed
monthly.  Revenue  generated  from  these  transactions  is  recognized  as  revenue  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  term  of  the
contract. Costs are recognized as incurred over the term of the contract. when costs are projected to exceed revenues over the life
of  the  extended  maintenance  contract,  an  accrual  for  loss  contracts  is  recorded.    as  of  december  31,  2020  and  2019,  the
Company recorded a loss accrual of $24.0 million and $3.7 million respectively (2019 restated). Costs are estimated based upon
historical experience and consider the estimated impact of the Company’s cost reduction initiatives. the actual results may differ
from these estimates.  See “extended Maintenance Contracts” below.

extended  maintenance  contracts  generally  do not  contain  customer  renewal  options. upon expiration,  customers  may

either negotiate a contract extension or switch to purchasing spare parts and maintaining the fuel cell systems on their own.

(iii)

Power Purchase agreements

Revenue from PPas primarily represents payments received from customers who make monthly payments to access for

the Company’s GenKey solution.

Revenue associated with these agreements is recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the agreements as the
customers receive the benefits from the Company’s performance of the services.  the customers receive services ratably over the
contract term.

in  conjunction  with  entering  into  a  PPa  with  a  customer,  the  Company  may  enter  into  transactions  with  third-party
financial institutions in which it receives proceeds from the sale/leaseback transactions of the equipment and the sale of future
service revenue. the proceeds from the financial institution are allocated between the sale of equipment and the sale of future
service revenue based on the relative standalone selling prices of equipment and service.  the proceeds allocated to the sale of
future  services  are  recognized  as  finance  obligations.    the  proceeds  allocated  to  the  sale  of  the  equipment  are  evaluated  to
determine  if the transaction  meets the criteria  for sale/leaseback  accounting. to meet the sale/leaseback  criteria,  control of the
equipment must transfer to the financial institution, which requires among other criteria the leaseback to meet  the criteria for an
operating lease and the Company must not have a right to repurchase the

F-51

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

equipment  (unless  specific  criteria  are  met).  these  transactions  typically  meet  the  criteria  for  sale/leaseback  accounting  and
accordingly, the Company recognizes revenue on the sale of the equipment, and separately recognizes the leaseback obligations.  

the Company recognizes a lease liability for the equipment leaseback obligation based on the present value of the future
payments to the financial institutions that are attributed to the equipment leaseback.  the discount rate used to determine the lease
liability  is  the  Company’s  incremental  borrowing  rate,  which  is  based  on  an  analysis  of  the  interest  rates  on  the  Company’s
secured  borrowings.   adjustments  that  considered  the  Company’s  actual  borrowing  rate,  inclusive  of  securitization,  as  well  as
borrowing rates for companies of similar credit quality, were applied in the determination of the incremental borrowing rate.  the
Company also records a right of use asset which is amortized over the term of the leaseback.  Rental expense is recognized on a
straight-line  basis  over  the  life  of  the  leaseback  and  is  included  as  a  cost  of  PPa  revenue  on  the  consolidated  statements  of
operations.

Certain of the Company’s transactions with financial institutions do not meet the criteria for sale/leaseback accounting
and accordingly, no equipment sale is recognized.  all proceeds from these transactions are accounted for as finance obligations.
the  right  of  use  assets  related  to  these  transactions  are  classified  as  equipment  related  to  the  PPas  and  fuel  delivered  to  the
customers, net in the consolidated balance sheets. Costs to service the property, depreciation of the assets related to PPas and
fuel  delivered  to  the  customers,  and  other  related  costs  are  included  in  cost  of  PPa  revenue  in  the  consolidated  statements  of
operations. the Company uses its transaction-date incremental borrowing rate as the interest rate for its finance obligations that
arise from these transactions. no additional adjustments to the incremental borrowing rate have been deemed necessary for the
finance obligations that have resulted from the failed sale/leaseback transactions.

in  determining  whether  the  sales  of  fuel  cells  and  other  equipment  to  financial  institutions  meet  the  requirements  for
revenue  recognition  under  sale/leaseback  accounting,  the  Company,  as  lessee,  determines  the  classification  of  the  lease.  the
Company estimates certain key inputs to the associated calculations such as: 1) discount rate used to determine the present value
of future lease payments, 2) fair value of the fuel cells and equipment, and 3) useful life of the underlying asset(s):

● aSC topic 842 requires a lessee to discount its future lease payments using the interest rate implicit in the lease or,
if that rate cannot be readily determined, its incremental borrowing rate. Generally, the Company cannot determine
the interest rate implicit in its leases because it does not have access to the lessor’s estimated residual value or the
amount  of  the  lessor’s  deferred  initial  direct  costs.  therefore,  the  Company  generally  uses  its  incremental
borrowing  rate  to  estimate  the  discount  rate  for  each  lease.  adjustments  that  considered  the  Company’s  actual
borrowing rate, inclusive of securitization, as well as borrowing rates for companies of similar credit quality were
applied in the determination of the incremental borrowing rate.

●

●

in order for the lease to be classified as an operating lease, the present value of the future lease payments cannot
exceed 90% of the fair value of the leased assets. the Company estimates the fair value of the lease assets using the
sales prices.

in  order  for  a  lease  to  be  classified  as  an  operating  lease,  the  lease  term  cannot  exceed  75%  (major  part)  of  the
estimated  useful  life  of  the  leased  asset.  the  average  estimated  useful  life  of  the  fuel  cells  is  10 years,  and  the
average estimated useful life of the hydrogen infrastructure is 20 years.  these estimated useful lives are compared
to the term of each lease to determine the appropriate lease classification.

(iv)

Fuel delivered to Customers

Revenue  associated  with  fuel  delivered  to  customers  represents  the  sale  of  hydrogen  to  customers  that  has  been
purchased by the Company from a third party or generated on site. the stand-alone selling price is not estimated because it is sold
separately and therefore directly observable.

the  Company  purchases  hydrogen  fuel  from  suppliers  in  most  cases  (and  sometimes  produces  hydrogen  onsite)  and
sells to its customers.  Revenue and cost of revenue related to this fuel is recorded as dispensed and is included in the respective
“Fuel delivered to customers” lines on the consolidated statements of operations.

F-52

table of Contents

Contract costs

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

the Company expects that incremental commission fees paid to employees as a result of obtaining sales contracts are

recoverable and therefore the Company capitalizes them as contract costs.

Capitalized commission fees are amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of time which the transfer of goods or
services to which the assets relate occur, typically ranging from 5 to 10 years. amortization of the capitalized commission fees is
included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

the Company recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining contracts as an expense when incurred if the amortization
period of the assets that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. these costs are included in selling,
general and administrative expenses.

Cash Equivalents

For  purposes  of  the  consolidated  statements  of  cash  flows,  the  Company  considers  all  highly-liquid  debt  instruments
with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. at december 31, 2020 and 2019, cash equivalents consist
of money market accounts. the Company’s cash and cash equivalents are deposited with financial institutions located in the u.S.
and may at times exceed insured limits.

Common Stock Warrant Accounting

the Company accounts for common stock warrants as either derivative liabilities or as equity instruments depending on

the specific terms of the respective warrant agreements.

Accounts Receivable

accounts receivable are stated at the amount billed or billable to customers and are ordinarily due between 30 and 60
days after the issuance of the invoice. Receivables are reserved or written off based on individual credit evaluation and specific
circumstances  of  the  customer.  the  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  and  related  receivable  are  reduced  when  the  amount  is
deemed uncollectible.  as of december 31, 2020, and 2019, the allowance for doubtful accounts was $172 thousand and $249
thousand, respectively.

Inventory

inventories  are  valued  at  the  lower  of  cost,  determined  on  a  first-in,  first-out  basis,  and  net  realizable  value.    all
inventory, including spare parts inventory held at service locations, is not relieved until the customer has received the product, at
which time the customer obtains control of the goods.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property,  plant  and  equipment  are  originally  recorded  at  cost  or,  if  acquired  as  part  of  business  combination,  at  fair
value.  Maintenance  and  repairs  are  expensed  as  costs  are  incurred.  depreciation  on  plant  and  equipment,  which  includes
depreciation on the Company’s primary manufacturing facility, which is accounted for as a financing obligation, is calculated on
the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. the Company records depreciation and amortization over
the following estimated useful lives:

leasehold improvements
Software, machinery and equipment

5 ‑ 10 years
1 ‑ 15 years

Gains and losses resulting from the sale of property and equipment are recorded in current operations.

F-53

  
  
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Equipment related to PPAs and Fuel Delivered to Customers

equipment related to PPas and fuel delivered to customers primarily consists of the assets deployed related to PPas and 

sites where we deliver fuel to customers. equipment is depreciated over its useful life. depreciation expense is recorded on a 
straight-line basis and is included in cost of revenue for PPas or cost of fuel delivered to customers, respectively, in the 
consolidated statements of operations.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and PPA Executory Contract Considerations

we evaluate long-lived assets on a quarterly basis to identify events or changes in circumstances (“triggering events”)
that indicate the carrying value of certain assets may not be recoverable.  long-lived assets that we evaluate include right of use
lease assets, equipment deployed to our PPa’s, assets related primarily to our fuel delivery business and other company owned
long-lived assets.  

upon  the  occurrence  of  a  triggering  event,  long-lived  assets  are  evaluated  to  determine  if  the  carrying  amounts  are
recoverable.  the determination of recoverability is made based upon the estimated undiscounted future net cash flows of assets
grouped  at  the  lowest  level  for  which  there  are  identifiable  cash  flows  independent  of  the  cash  flows  of  other  groups.    For
operating assets, the Company has generally determined that the lowest level of identifiable cash flows is based on the customer
sites.  the assets related primarily to our fuel delivery business are considered to be their own asset group.  the cash flows are
estimated based on the remaining useful life of the primary asset within the asset group.  

For assets related to our PPa agreements, we consider all underlying cash inflows related to our contract revenues and
cash  outflows  relating  to  the  costs  incurred  to  service  the  PPa’s.    our  cash  flow  estimates  used  in  the  recoverability  test,  are
based  upon,  among  other  things,  historical  results  adjusted  to  reflect  our  best  estimate  of  future  cash  flows  and  operating
performance.  development of future cash flows also requires us to make assumptions and to apply judgment, including timing of
future  expected  cash  flows,  future  cost  savings  initiatives,  and  determining  recovery  values.    Changes  to  our  key  assumptions
related  to  future  performance  and  other  economic  and  market  factors  could  adversely  affect  the  outcome  of  our  recoverability
tests and cause more asset groups to be tested for impairment.      

if  the  estimated  undiscounted  future  net  cash  flows  for  a  given  asset  group  are  less  than  the  carrying  amount  of  the
related asset group, an impairment loss is determined by comparing the estimated fair value with the carrying amount of the asset
group.  the  impairment  loss  is  then  allocated  to  the  long-lived  assets  in  the  asset  group  based  on  the  asset’s  relative  carrying
amounts.  however, assets  are  not impaired  below their  then  estimated  fair  values.   Fair value  is generally  determined  through
various  valuation  techniques,  including  discounted  cash  flow  models,  quoted  market  values  and  third-party  independent
appraisals, as well as year-over-year trends in pricing of our new equipment and overall evaluation of our industry and market, as
considered  necessary.    the  Company  considers  these  indicators  with  certain  of  its  own  internal  indices  and  metrics  in
determining fair value in light of the nascent state of the Company’s market and industry.  the estimate of fair value represents
our best estimates of these factors and is subject to variability.  Changes to our key assumptions related to future performance and
other economic and market factors could adversely affect our impairment evaluation.

the Company has determined that the assets deployed for certain PPa arrangements are not recoverable based on the
undiscounted estimated future cash flows of the asset group. however, the estimated fair value of the assets in the asset group
equal or exceed the carrying amount of the assets or otherwise limit the amount of impairment that would have been recognized.
the Company has identified the primary source of the losses as the maintenance components of the PPa arrangements and the
impact of customer warrant non-cash provisions. as the PPa arrangements are considered to be executory contracts and there is
no  specific  accounting  guidance  that  permits  loss  recognition  for  these  revenue  contracts,  the  Company  has  not  recognized  a
provision  for  the  expected  future  losses  under  these  revenue  arrangements.  the  Company  expects  that  it  will  recognize  future
losses  for  these  arrangements  as  it  continues  its  efforts  to  reduce  costs  of  delivering  the  maintenance  component  of  these
arrangements.

Extended Maintenance Contracts

on a quarterly basis, we evaluate any potential losses related to our extended maintenance contracts for fuel cell systems

and related infrastructure that has been sold. we measure loss accruals at the customer contract level. the expected

F-54

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

revenues and expenses for these contracts include all applicable expected costs of providing services over the remaining term of
the contracts and the related unearned net revenue.  a loss is recognized if the sum of expected costs of providing services under
the  contract  exceeds  related  unearned  net  revenue  and  is  recorded  as  a  provision  for  loss  contracts  related  to  service  in  the
consolidated statement of operations.  a key component of these estimates is the expected future service costs.   in estimating the
expected  future  service  costs,  the  Company  considers  its  current  service  cost  level  and  applies  significant  judgment  related  to
expected  cost  saving  initiatives.    the  expected  future  cost  savings  will  be  primarily  dependent  upon  the  success  of  the
Company’s initiatives related to increasing stack life, achieving better economies of scale on service labor, and improvements in
design  and  operations  of  infrastructure.    if  the  expected  cost  saving  initiatives  are  not  realized,  this  will  increase  the  costs  of
providing services and could adversely affect our estimated contract loss accrual.  

the following table shows the roll forward of balances in the accrual for loss contracts, including changes due to the

provision (benefit) for loss accrual, releases to service cost of sales and releases due to the provision for warrants (in thousands):

Beginning Balance
Provision (benefit) for loss accrual
Released to Service Cost of Sales
Released to Provision for warrants
ending Balance

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

(as restated)

December 31, 2018

(as restated)

$

$

3,702
35,473
(2,348)
(12,814)
24,013

$

$

5,345
(394)
(1,249)
—
3,702

$

$

—
5,345
—
—
5,345

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset

Goodwill  is  an  asset  representing  the  future  economic  benefits  arising  from  other  assets  acquired  in  a  business
combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment at least annually.
 the indefinite-lived intangible asset represents in-process research and development for cumulative research and development
efforts associated with dry stack electrolyzer technology acquired in connection with the Giner elX, inc. acquisition.

the Company has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the
fair  value  of  a  reporting  unit  is  less  than  its  carrying  amount.  if  this  is  the  case,  the  quantitative  goodwill  impairment  test  is
required. if it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount, the quantitative
goodwill impairment test is not required.

the indefinite-lived intangible asset is tested for impairment annually, and more frequently when there is a triggering
event.  annually,  or  when  there  is  a  triggering  event,  the  Company  first  performs  a  qualitative  assessment  by  evaluating  all
relevant events and circumstances to determine if it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired;
this includes considering any potential effect on significant inputs to determining the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible
asset. when it is more likely than not that the indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired, then the Company calculates the fair
value of the intangible asset and performs a quantitative impairment test.

the Company performs an impairment review of goodwill and the indefinite lived intangible asset on an annual basis at
december 1, and when a triggering event is determined to have occurred between annual impairment tests. For the years ended
december 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, the Company performed a qualitative assessment of goodwill for its single reporting unit
based on multiple factors including market capitalization and determined that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of
its reporting unit is less than the carrying amount.  For the year ended december 31, 2020, the Company performed a qualitative
assessment of its indefinite lived intangible asset and determined that it is not more likely than not that its fair value is less than
the carrying amount.

Intangible Assets

 intangible  assets  consist  of  acquired  technology,  customer  relationships  and  trademarks,  and  are  amortized  using  a
straight-line method over their useful lives of 5–10 years.  additionally, the intangible assets are reviewed for impairment when
certain triggering events occur.

F-55

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Fair Value Measurements

the  Company  records  the  fair  value  of  assets  and  liabilities  in  accordance  with  aSC  820,  Fair  Value  Measurement
(“aSC  820”).  aSC  820  defines  fair  value  as  the  price  received  to  sell  an  asset  or  paid  to  transfer  a  liability  in  an  orderly
transaction between market participants at the measurement date and in the principal or most advantageous market for that asset
or liability. the fair value should be calculated based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or
liability, not on assumptions specific to the entity.

in addition to defining fair value, aSC 820 expands the disclosure requirements around fair value and establishes a fair value
hierarchy for valuation inputs. the hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three levels based on the extent to which inputs used in
measuring fair value are observable in the market. each fair value measurement is reported in one of the three levels, which is
determined by the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

these levels are:

●
●

●

level 1 — quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
level 2 — quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable
for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the
financial instrument.
level 3 — unobservable inputs reflecting management’s own assumptions about the inputs used in
pricing the asset or liability at fair value.

the  following  table  summarizes  the  carrying  amount  and  estimated  fair  value  of  the  Company’s  financial  instruments  at
december 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands):

As of December 31, 2020
Contingent consideration
Convertible senior notes
long-term debt
Finance obligations

As of December 31, 2019
Convertible senior notes
long-term debt
Finance obligations

$

$

Carrying
Amount

Fair
Value

9,760 $
85,640
175,402
181,553

9,760 $

1,272,766
175,402
181,553

Carrying
Amount

Fair
Value

110,431 $
112,169
144,089

188,775 $
112,169
144,089

Fair Value Measurements

$

$

Level 2
—
1,272,766
—
—

Level 3

9,760

—
175,402
181,553

Fair Value Measurements

$

Level 2

135,320 $
—
—

Level 3
53,455

112,169
144,089

Level 1
—
—
—
—

Level 1
—
—
—

Equity Instruments

Common stock warrants that meet certain applicable requirements of aSC Subtopic 815-40, Derivatives and Hedging –
Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity, and other related guidance, including the ability of the Company to settle the warrants without
the issuance of registered  shares or the absence  of rights of the grantee  to require cash settlement,  are accounted  for as equity
instruments.  the  Company  classifies  these  equity  instruments  within  additional  paid-in  capital  on  the    consolidated  balance
sheets.

Common stock warrants accounted for as equity instruments represent the warrants issued to amazon and walmart as
discussed in note 18, “warrant transaction agreements.” the Company adopted FaSB aSu 2019-08, Compensation – Stock
Compensation  (topic  718)  and  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (topic  606),  which  requires  entities  to  measure  and
classify share-based payment awards granted to a customer by applying the guidance under topic 718, as of January 1, 2019.

in order to calculate warrant charges, the Company used the Black-Scholes pricing model, which required key inputs
including volatility and risk-free interest rate and certain unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, requiring
the  Company  to  develop  its  own  assumptions.  the  Company  estimated  the  fair  value  of  unvested  warrants,  considered  to  be
probable of vesting, at the time. Based on that estimated fair value, the Company determined warrant charges, which are recorded
as a reduction of revenue in the consolidated statement of operations.

F-56

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Redeemable Preferred Stock

we account for redeemable preferred stock as temporary equity in accordance with applicable accounting guidance in
FaSB aSC topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. dividends on the redeemable preferred stock are accounted for as
an increase in the net loss attributable to common stockholders.

Income Taxes

income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for
the future tax consequences attributable  to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and
liabilities  and  their  respective  tax  basis  and  operating  loss  and  tax  credit  carryforwards.  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are
measured  using  enacted  tax  rates  expected  to  apply  to  taxable  income  in  the  years  in  which  those  temporary  differences  are
expected to be recovered or settled. the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the
period that includes the enactment date. a valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the carrying amounts of deferred tax assets if
it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized.

the  Company  accounts  for  uncertain  tax  positions  in  accordance  with  FaSB  aSC  no.  740-10-25,  Income  Taxes-
Overall-Recognition. the Company recognizes in its consolidated financial statements the impact of a tax position only if that
position is more likely than not to be sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position. the Company recognizes
interest and penalties on the interest and other expense, net line in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Foreign Currency Translation

Foreign  currency  translation  adjustments  arising  from  conversion  of  the  Company’s  foreign  subsidiary’s  financial
statements  to  u.S.  dollars  for  reporting  purposes  are  included  in  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  in  stockholders’
equity on the  consolidated balance sheets.  transaction gains and losses resulting from the effect of exchange rate changes on
transactions  denominated  in  currencies  other  than  the  functional  currency  of  the  Company’s  operations  give  rise  to  realized
foreign  currency  transaction  gains  and  losses,  and  are  included  in  interest  and  other  income  and  interest  and  other  expense,
respectively, in the consolidated statements of operations.

Research and Development

Costs related to research and development activities  by the Company are expensed as incurred.  Certain research  and
development expenses have been reclassified for 2018, 2019 and 2020, including interim periods during 2019 and 2020 (see note
2, “Restatement of Previously issued Consolidated Financial Statements,” and note 3 “unaudited Quarterly Financial data and
Restatement of Previously issued unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements).

Stock-Based Compensation

the  Company  maintains  employee  stock-based  compensation  plans,  which  are  described  more  fully  in  note  20,

“employee Benefit Plans.”

Stock-based  compensation  represents  the  cost  related  to  stock-based  awards  granted  to  employees  and  directors.  the
Company measures stock-based compensation cost at grant-date, based on the fair value of the award, and recognizes the cost as
expense on a straight-line basis over the option’s requisite service period.

the  Company  estimates  the  fair  value  of  stock-based  awards  using  a  Black-Scholes  valuation  model.  Stock-based
compensation expense is recorded in cost of revenue associated with sales of fuel cell systems and related infrastructure, cost of
revenue  for  services  performed  on  fuel  cell  systems  and  related  infrastructure,  research  and  development  expense  and  selling,
general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations based on the employees’ respective function.

the  Company  records  deferred  tax  assets  for  awards  that  result  in  deductions  on  the  Company’s  income  tax  returns,

based upon the amount of compensation cost recognized and the Company's statutory tax rate. differences between

F-57

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

the  deferred  tax  assets  recognized  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  the  actual  tax  deduction  reported  on  the  Company's
income  tax  return  are  recorded  in  the  income  statement.  no  tax  benefit  or  expense  for  stock-based  compensation  has  been
recorded during the years ended december 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 since the Company remains in a full valuation allowance
position.

Convertible Senior Notes

the  Company  accounts  for  its  convertible  senior  notes  with  separate  liability  and  equity  components.  the  carrying
amount of the liability component was initially determined by estimating the fair value of a similar debt instrument that does not
have  an  associated  convertible  feature.  the  carrying  amount  of  the  equity  component  representing  the  conversion  option  was
determined by deducting the estimated fair value of the liability component from the par value of the convertible senior notes, as
a  whole  as  of  the  date  of  issuance.  this  difference  represents  a  debt  discount  that  is  amortized  to  interest  expense,  with  a
corresponding increase to the carrying amount of the liability component, over the term of the convertible senior notes using the
effective interest rate method. the equity component is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity
classification.  the  Company  has  allocated  issuance  costs  incurred  to  the  liability  and  equity  components.  issuance  costs
attributable to the liability component are being amortized to expense over the respective term of the convertible senior notes, and
issuance  costs  attributable  to  the  equity  components  were  netted  with  the  respective  equity  component  in  additional  paid-in
capital.

Use of Estimates

the consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in conformity with u.S. generally accepted
accounting principles, which require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and  liabilities  and  disclosure  of  contingent  assets  and  liabilities  at  the  date  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  the
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. actual results could differ from those estimates.

Reclassifications

Reclassifications  are  made,  whenever  necessary,  to  prior  period  financial  statements  to  conform  to  the  current  period

presentation.

Subsequent Events

the  Company  evaluates  subsequent  events  at  the  date  of  the  balance  sheet  as  well  as  conditions  that  arise  after  the
balance sheet date but before the consolidated financial statements are issued. the effects of conditions that existed at the balance
sheet date are recognized in the consolidated financial statements. events and conditions arising after the balance sheet date but
before  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  issued  are  evaluated  to  determine  if  disclosure  is  required  to  keep  the
consolidated financial statements from being misleading. to the extent such events and conditions exist, if any, disclosures are
made regarding the nature of events and the estimated financial effects for those events and conditions. See note 23, “Subsequent
events.”

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

in  June  2016,  aSu  2016-13,  Financial  instruments  –  Credit  losses  (topic  326):  Measurement  of  Credit  losses  on
Financial  instruments,  was  issued.  also,  in  april  2019,  accounting  Standards  update  (aSu)  2019-04,  Codification
improvements  to  topic  326,  Financial  instruments—Credit  losses,  topic  815,  derivatives  and  hedging,  and  topic  825,
Financial instruments, was issued to make improvements to updates 2016-01, Financial instruments – overall (Subtopic 825-10),
2016-13, Financial instruments – Credit losses (topic 326) and 2017-12, derivatives and hedging (topic 815). aSu 2016-13
significantly  changes  how  entities  account  for  credit  losses  for  financial  assets  and  certain  other  instruments,  including  trade
receivables and contract assets, that are not measured at fair value through net income. the aSu requires a number of changes to
the  assessment  of  credit  losses,  including  the  utilization  of  an  expected  credit  loss  model,  which  requires  consideration  of  a
broader  range  of  information  to  estimate  expected  credit  losses  over  the  entire  lifetime  of  the  asset,  including  losses  where
probability is considered remote. additionally, the standard requires the estimation of lifetime

F-58

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

expected  losses  for  trade  receivables  and  contract  assets  that  are  classified  as  current.  the  Company  adopted  these  standards
effective January 1, 2020 and determined the impact of the standards to be immaterial to the consolidated financial statements.

in January 2017, aSu 2017-04, intangibles – Goodwill and other (topic 350), was issued to simplify how an entity is
required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Step 2 measures a goodwill
impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill.
the Company adopted this standard effective January 1, 2020 and determined there to be no impact to the consolidated financial
statements.

Recently Issued and Not Yet Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

in august 2020, the FaSB issued aSu 2020-06, debt - debt with Conversion and other options (Subtopic 470-20) and
derivatives  and  hedging  -  Contracts  in  entity's  own  equity  (Subtopic  815-40):  accounting  for  Convertible  instruments  and
Contracts in an entity's own equity (“aSu 2020-06”). this aSu simplifies the complexity associated with applying GaaP for
certain  financial  instruments  with  characteristics  of  liabilities  and  equity.  More  specifically,  the  amendments  focus  on  the
guidance for convertible instruments and derivative scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity. under aSu 2020-06,
the  embedded  conversion  features  are  no  longer  separated  from  the  host  contract  for  convertible  instruments  with  conversion
features that are not required to be accounted for as derivatives under topic 815, or that do not result in substantial premiums
accounted for as paid-in capital. Consequently, a convertible debt instrument, such as the Company’s 3.75% Convertible Senior
notes, will be accounted for as a single liability measured at its amortized cost, as long as no other features require bifurcation
and  recognition  as  derivatives.  the  new  guidance  also  requires  the  if-converted  method  to  be  applied  for  all  convertible
instruments and requires additional disclosures. this guidance is required to be adopted by January 1, 2022, and early adoption is
permitted,  but  no  earlier  than  fiscal  years  beginning  after  december  15,  2020.  the  Company  has  elected  to  early  adopt  this
guidance  on  January  1,  2021  using  the  modified  retrospective  method.  under  this  transition  method,  the  cumulative  effect  of
accounting change removed the impact of recognizing the equity component of the Company’s convertible notes at issuance and
the subsequent accounting  impact  of additional  interest  expense from debt discount amortization.  the cumulative  effect  of the
accounting change upon adoption on January 1, 2021 increased the carrying amount of the convertible notes by $120.7 million,
reduced accumulated deficit by $9.5 million and reduced additional paid-in capital by $130.2 million. Future interest expense of
the convertible notes will be lower as a result of adoption of this guidance and net loss per share will be computed using the if-
converted method for convertible instruments.

in  March  2020,  aSu  2020-04,  Reference  Rate  Reform  (topic  848):  Facilitation  of  the  effects  of  Reference  Rate
Reform on Financial Reporting, was issued to provide temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the GaaP guidance on
contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens related to the expected market transition from
the  london  interbank  offered  Rate  (liBoR)  and  other  interbank  offered  rates  to  alternative  reference  rates.  this  update  was
effective  starting  March  12,  2020  and  the  Company  may  elect  to  apply  the  amendments  prospectively  through  december  31,
2022. the adoption of this standard does not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

in  March  2020,  aSu  2020-03,  Codification  improvements  to  Financial  instruments,  was  issued  to  make  various
codification  improvements  to  financial  instruments  to  make  the  standards  easier  to  understand  and  apply  by  eliminating
inconsistencies and providing clarifications. this update will be effective at various dates beginning with date of issuance of this
aSu. the adoption of this standard does not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

in december 2019, accounting Standards update (aSu) 2019-12, Simplifying the accounting for income taxes, was
issued  to  identify,  evaluate,  and  improve  areas  of  GaaP  for  which  cost  and  complexity  can  be  reduced  while  maintaining  or
improving  the  usefulness  of  the  information  provided  to  users  of  financial  statements.  this  update  will  be  effective  beginning
after december 15, 2020. the adoption of this standard does not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial
statements.

F-59

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

5. Acquisitions

Giner ELX Inc. Acquisition

on June 22, 2020, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding shares of Giner elX, inc. (“Giner elX”). Giner 

elX is developer of electrolysis hydrogen generators which can be used for a variety of applications, including on-site refueling 
of hydrogen fuel cells. 

the fair value of consideration paid by the Company in connection with the Giner elX acquisition was as follows (in

thousands):

Cash
Plug Power Stock
Contingent consideration
total consideration

$ 25,820
19,263
7,790
$ 52,873

the  contingent  consideration  represents  the  estimated  fair  value  associated  with  earn-out  payments  of    up  to  $16.0
million that the sellers are eligible to receive. of the total earnout consideration, $8.0 million is related to the achievement of the
allagash  earn-out,  $2.0  million  is  associated  with  the  receipt  of  certain  customer  opportunities  (purchase  orders  or  other
contracts) by december 31, 2021, and $6.0 million is associated with the achievement of certain revenue targets for years 2021
through 2023. the allagash earn-out is achieved when the Company has produced at least two PeM electrolyzer stacks of one
megawatt each, utilizing the dry build process and meets certain technical specifications as more fully described in the merger
agreement. to be fully paid, the allagash earn-out needs to be satisfied by July 31, 2023 and is reduced by approximately 8.33%
each month beyond this date. in addition to the above, should the earn-out revenue exceed 150% of the 2023 target, the sellers
will  receive  warrants  with  a  value  of  $5.0  million  and  if  the  earn-out  revenue  exceeds  200%  of  the  2023  revenue  target,  the
sellers will receive warrants with a value of $10.0 million. the warrants are exercisable within two years of issuance.

in  connection  with  the  Giner  elX  acquisition,  the  Company  revised  the  acquisition-date  fair  value  of  contingent
consideration  liabilities  which  were  determined  to  be  measurement  period  adjustments  and  resulted  in  an  increase  in  other
liabilities and goodwill of $0.7 million for the year ended december 31, 2020.

the following table summarizes the final allocation of the purchase price to the estimated fair value of the net assets

acquired, excluding goodwill (in thousands):

accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses and other assets
Property, plant and equipment
identifiable intangibles
accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
deferred revenue
deferred tax liability, net
total net assets acquired, excluding goodwill

$

$

1,237
4,108
669
596
29,930
(1,621)
(2,350)
(5,889)
26,680

identifiable intangibles consisted of developed technology, non-compete agreements, estimated in-process research and

development (“iPR&d”), and customer relationships.

the fair value of acquired backlog and non-complete agreements was nominal.

the fair value of the acquired iPR&d related to the dry stack technology totaling $29.0 million was calculated using the
multi-period excess earnings method (“MPeeM”) approach which is a variant of the income approach. the basic principle of the
MPeeM approach is that a single asset, in isolation, is not capable of generating cash flow for an enterprise. Several assets are
brought together and exploited to generate cash flow. therefore, to determine cash flow from the

F-60

 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

exploitation of iPR&d, one must deduct the related expenses incurred for the exploitation of other assets used for the generation
of overall cash flow and revenues. the fair value of iPR&d was estimated  by discounting the net cash flow derived from the
expected revenues attributable to the acquired iPR&d. the fair value of the acquired customer relationships totaling $0.4 million
was  calculated  using  a  distributor  method  approach,  which  is  a  variant  of  the  income  approach.  the  fair  value  of  wet  stack
technology totaling $0.4 million was determined using the relief from royalty method.

in addition to identifiable intangible assets, the fair value of acquired work in process and finished goods inventory was
estimated based on the estimated selling price less costs to be incurred and a market participant profit rate.  additionally, the fair
value of the deferred revenue was determined using a cost build-up approach. the direct cost of fulfilling the obligation plus a
normal profit margin was used to determine the value of the assumed deferred revenue liability.

included in the purchase consideration are three contingent earn-out payments (as described above): the allagash earn-
out, the customer opportunities, and the revenue targets. due to the nature of the allagash and customer opportunities, as outlined
in the purchase agreement, a scenario based method (“SBM”) was used to value these contingent payments as the payments are
milestone based in nature. these fair value measurements were based on unobservable inputs and are considered to be level 3
financial  instruments.  the  revenue  targets  are  achieved  when  certain  revenue  thresholds  are  met,  and  the  catch-up  provision
creates path-dependency. as such, the revenue earn-out was valued using a Monte Carlo Simulation.

in connection with the acquisition, the Company recorded on its consolidated balance sheet a liability of $7.8 million
representing the fair value of contingent consideration payable. the fair value of this contingent consideration was remeasured as
of december 31, 2020, and was estimated to be $9.6 million. this increase in fair value of $1.8 million, which was primarily due
to  a  change  in  the  discount  rate  offset  by  a  decrease  in  the  discount  period,  was  recorded  as  an  expense  in  the  consolidated
statement of operations for the year ended december 31, 2020.  

included  in  Giner  elX’s  net  assets  acquired  are  net  deferred  tax  liabilities  of  $5.9 million.  in  connection  of  the
acquisition of these net deferred tax liabilities, the Company reduced its valuation allowance by $5.2 million and recognized a tax
benefit $5.2 million during the year ended december 31, 2020.

Goodwill associated with the Giner elX acquisition was calculated as follows (in thousands):

Consideration paid
less: net assets acquired
total goodwill recognized

$ 52,873
(26,680)
$ 26,193

the  goodwill  consists  of  the  Company’s  increased  capabilities  in  green  hydrogen  supply  through  the  production  of
electrolyzers. the synergies with the Company’s production of hydrogen storage and dispensing equipment are important to the
Company as the demand for green hydrogen is expected to increase.

United Hydrogen Group Inc. Acquisition

on  June  18,  2020,  the  Company  acquired  100%  of  the  outstanding  shares  of  united  hydrogen  Group  inc.  (“uhG”).

uhG produces and sells liquid hydrogen.

the  fair  value  of  consideration  paid  by  the  Company  in  connection  with  the  uhG  acquisition  was  as  follows  (in

thousands):

Cash
Plug Power Stock
Contingent consideration
total consideration

$ 19,293
30,410
1,110
$ 50,813

included in cash and common stock in the above table is $1.0 million of cash and $6.5 million of common stock that

was paid in april 2020 to purchase a convertible note in uhG. this convertible note included terms that allowed for

F-61

 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

reduction of the purchase price if the Company were to complete the acquisition of uhG. as such, this note was cancelled in
conjunction with the closing of this acquisition.  

a portion of the purchase price of uhG was in the form of contingent consideration. the contingent consideration is
contingent on future performance related to two discrete milestones associated with the expansion of the liquefication capacity of
the  Charleston,  tennessee  liquid  hydrogen  plant  (the  “Charleston  Plant”).    the  Company’s  liability  for  this  contingent
consideration  was  measured  at  fair  value  based  on  the  Company’s  expectations  of  achieving  the  expansion  milestone.    the
expected performance was assessed by management which was discounted to present value in order to derive a fair value of the
contingent  consideration.  this  fair  value  measurement  was  based  on  unobservable  inputs  and  is  considered  a  level  3  financial
instrument. due to the milestone nature of the payments, a scenario based method (“SBM”) was used to value these contingent
payments.

the  estimated  fair  value  of  the  contingent  consideration  as  of  the  acquisition  date  was  $1.1 million.  Subsequently, a
payment  of  $300  thousand  was  made  to  the  sellers  as  a  result  of  achieving  the  first  milestone  related  to  the  expansion  of  the
liquefication capacity of the Charleston Plant. a reduction of the  contingent consideration liability of $610 thousand was also
recorded subsequent to the acquisition due to a reduction in the probability assessment that the second expansion milestone will
be  met.  as  of  december  31,  2020,  the  remaining  contingent  consideration  liability  related  to  the  uhG  acquisition  was  $200
thousand.

the following table summarizes the final allocation  of the purchase price to the estimated fair value of the net assets

acquired, excluding goodwill (in thousands):

accounts receivable
inventory
Prepaid expenses and other assets
Property, plant and equipment
leased property
identifiable intangible asset
long-term debt
unfavorable customer contract
accounts payable, accrued expenses, deferred revenue and finance obligations
total net assets acquired, excluding goodwill

$

$

444
89
1,152
41,244
796
2,338
(11,336)
(15,757)
(4,631)
14,339

the identifiable intangible asset consisted of developed technology, as described below in note 10, “intangible assets
and  Goodwill.”  the  fair  value  of  the  developed  technology  totaling  $2.3 million  was  calculated  using  the  relief  from  royalty
approach which is a variant of the income approach. the application of the relief from royalty approach involves estimating the
value of an intangible asset by quantifying the present value of the stream of market derived royalty payments that the owner of
the intangible asset is exempted or ‘relieved’ from paying.

additionally, the Company estimated the fair value of an unfavorable customer contract. the fair value of the acquired
unfavorable customer contract was calculated using a with and with-out analysis which is a variant of the income approach.  Cash
flows were calculated using pricing per terms of the existing contract and then compared to cash flows using expected market
pricing. the difference between the two cash flows was used to determine the fair value of the contract. Further, the Company
assumed interest-bearing debt. the fair value of the assumed debt was calculated using the discounted cash flow method.

in connection with the uhG acquisition, the Company finalized the valuation of an unfavorable customer contract and
long-term debt which resulted in an increase in other liabilities of $1.9 million, a decrease in long-term debt of $1.7 million, and
an increase in goodwill of $0.2 million.

Goodwill associated with the uhG acquisition was calculated as follows (in thousands):

Consideration paid
less: net assets acquired
total goodwill recognized

$ 50,813
(14,339)
$ 36,474

F-62

 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

the  Company  now  has  capabilities  in  liquid  hydrogen  generation,  liquefaction  and  distribution  logistics,  which  is

important in a growing hydrogen market.

Goodwill recorded in connection with the acquisitions is not deductible for tax purposes.  

the results of the Giner elX and uhG are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year
ended  december  31,  2020  from  their  respective  dates  of  acquisition.  Revenues  from  Giner  elX  and  uhG  included  in  the
Company’s results of operations for the year ended december 31, 2020 totaled $3.6 million and $4.2 million, respectively.

neither  the  Giner elX acquisition  nor the  uhG acquisition  was material  to our consolidated  results  of  operations  or

financial position and, therefore, pro forma financial information is not presented.

6. Earnings Per Share, as restated

Basic  earnings  per  common  stock  are  computed  by  dividing  net  loss  attributable  to  common  stockholders  by  the
weighted  average  number  of  common  stock  outstanding  during  the  reporting  period.  diluted  earnings  per  share  reflects  the
potential  dilution  that  could  occur  if  securities  or  other  contracts  to  issue  common  stock  (such  as  stock  options,  unvested
restricted stock, common stock warrants, and preferred stock) were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the
issuance  of  common  stock  (net  of  any  assumed  repurchases)  that  then  shared  in  the  earnings  of  the  Company,  if  any.  this  is
computed  by  dividing  net  earnings  by  the  combination  of  dilutive  common  stock  equivalents,  which  is  comprised  of  shares
issuable under outstanding warrants, the conversion of preferred stock, and the Company’s share-based compensation plans, and
the  weighted  average  number  of  common  stock  outstanding  during  the  reporting  period.  Since  the  Company  is  in  a  net  loss
position,  all  common  stock  equivalents  would  be  considered  to  be  anti-dilutive  and  are,  therefore,  not  included  in  the
determination of diluted earnings per share. accordingly, basic and diluted loss per share are the same.

the following table provides the components of the calculations of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands,

except share amounts):

numerator:

Year ended December 31,
2019

2020

(as restated)

2018
(as restated)

net loss attributable to common stockholders

$

(596,181)

$

(85,555)

$

(85,660)

denominator:

weighted average number of common stock outstanding

354,790,106

237,152,780

218,882,337

the potentially dilutive securities are summarized as follows:

Stock options outstanding (1)
Restricted stock outstanding (2)
Common stock warrants (3)
Preferred stock (4)
Convertible Senior notes (5)
number of dilutive potential shares of common stock

2020

10,284,498  
5,874,642  

104,753,740

—  
42,256,610  
163,169,490  

At December 31,
2019

23,013,590  
4,608,560  

110,573,392

2,998,527  
59,133,896  
200,327,965

2018
21,957,150
2,347,347
115,824,142
17,933,591
43,630,020
201,692,250

(1) during  the  years  ended  december  31,  2020,  2019,  and  2018,  the  Company  granted  3,509,549, 3,221,892,  and  2,679,667

stock options, respectively.

(2) during  the  years  ended  december  31,  2020,  2019,  and  2018,  the  Company  granted  3,227,149, 3,201,892,  and  2,367,347

shares of restricted stock, respectively.

F-63

    
    
    
 
 
 
    
    
    
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(3)

in  april  2017,  the  Company  issued  a  warrant  to  acquire  up  to  55,286,696 of  the  Company’s  common  stock  as  part  of  a
transaction  agreement  with  amazon,  subject  to  certain  vesting  events,  as  described  in  note  18,  “warrant  transaction
agreements.” the warrant had not been exercised as of december 31, 2020.

in  July  2017,  the  Company  issued  a  warrant  to  acquire  up  to  55,286,696  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  as  part  of  a
transaction  agreement  with  walmart,  subject  to  certain  vesting  events,  as  described  in  note  18,  “warrant  transaction
agreements.” the warrant had been exercised with respect to 5,819,652 shares as of december 31, 2020.

(4) the preferred stock amount represents the dilutive potential on the shares of common stock as a result of the conversion of
the Series C Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock (Series C Preferred Stock) and Series e Convertible Preferred Stock
(Series  e  Preferred  Stock),  based  on  the  conversion  price  of  each  preferred  stock  as  of  december  31  2019,  and  2018,
respectively.  of  the  10,431  shares  of  Series  C  Preferred  Stock  issued  on  May  16,  2013,  all  shares  had  been  converted  to
common stock as of december 31, 2020.  on november 1, 2018, the Company issued 35,000 shares of Series e Preferred
Stock. as of december 31, 2019, 30,462 shares of the Series e  Preferred Stock had been converted to common stock and
4,038 shares were redeemed for cash. all of the remaining Series e Preferred Stock were converted to either common stock
or cash, in January 2020.

(5)

in March 2018, the Company issued the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes. in September 2019, the Company issued the $7.5%
Convertible Senior note, which was fully converted into 16.0 million shares on July 1, 2020. in May 2020, the Company
issued  the  3.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes  and    repurchased  $66.3  million  of  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes.    in  the
fourth quarter of 2020, $33.5 million of the remaining 5.5% Convertible Senior notes converted into 14.6 million shares of
common stock. as of december 31, 2020, approximately $160 thousand aggregate principal amount of the 5.5% Convertible
Senior notes remained outstanding, all of which was converted in January 2021.

7.  Inventory, as restated

inventory as of december 31, 2020 and 2019 as restated, consists of the following (in thousands):

Raw materials and supplies - production locations
Raw materials and supplies - customer locations
work-in-process
Finished goods
inventory

8.  Property, Plant and Equipment

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

(as restated)

$

$

92,221
12,405
29,349
5,411
139,386

$

$

48,011
9,241
12,529
2,610
72,391

Property, plant and equipment at december 31, 2020 and 2019 consists of the following (in thousands):

land
leasehold improvements
Software, machinery and equipment
Property, plant, and equipment
less: accumulated depreciation
Property, plant, and equipment, net

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

$

$

1,165
1,121
94,449
96,735
(22,186)
74,549

$

$

—
862
31,514
32,376
(17,417)
14,959

depreciation expense related to property, plant and equipment was $4.8 million, $3.6 million, and $2.6 million for the

years ended december 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.

F-64

    
    
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

9.  Equipment Related to Power Purchase Agreements and Fuel Delivered to Customers, net, as restated

equipment related to power purchase agreements and fuel delivered to customers, net, at december 31, 2020 and 2019

consists of the following (in thousands):

equipment related to power purchase agreements and
fuel delivered to customers
less: accumulated depreciation
equipment related to power purchase agreements and
fuel delivered to customers, net

92,736
(16,929)

$

75,807

$

81,194
(13,425)

67,769

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019
(as restated)

as of december 31, 2020, the Company had deployed assets at customer sites that had associated PPas. these PPas
expire over the next one to ten years. PPas contain termination clauses with associated penalties, the amount of which cause the
likelihood of cancellation to be remote.

depreciation expense is $7.9 million and $6.3 million for the years ended december 31, 2020 and 2019 respectively.

10.  Intangible Assets and Goodwill

the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of the Company’s acquired identifiable intangible assets as of

december 31, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

acquired technology
Customer relationships, non-compete
agreements, Backlog & trademark
in process research and development

Weighted Average
Amortization Period

Gross Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization

Total

10 years   $

13,697

$

(4,042)

$

9,655

6 years 
indefinite

$

890
29,000
43,587

$

(294)
—
(4,336)

$

596
29,000
39,251

the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of the Company’s acquired identifiable intangible assets as of

december 31, 2019 are as follows (in thousands):

acquired technology
trademark

Weighted Average
Amortization Period

Gross Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization

9 years  $
9 years 

$

8,244
320
8,564

$

$

(2,815)
(210)
(3,025)

$

$

Total

5,429
110
5,539

the change in the gross carrying amount of the acquired technology from december 31, 2019 to december 31, 2020
was due to changes in acquisitions of uhG and Giner elX, american Fuel Cell (aFC) milestone payments and foreign currency
translation, as discussed below.

the Company’s in-process research and development is related to the development of the dry build process associated
with electrolyzer stacks, as part of acquisition of Giner elX. the related intangible asset is not currently amortized, as research
and development is ongoing. upon completion of the dry build process, amortization will commence based upon the estimated
useful life of the underlying asset. See note 5, “acquisitions” for more details.

also,  in  2020,  the  Company  acquired  technology  as  part  of  the  acquisition  of  uhG.    the  technology  relates  to  the

chemical process of manufacturing liquid hydrogen from chlor-alkali waste stream. See note 5 “acquisitions”, for more details.

F-65

    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

in 2019, the Company acquired intellectual property from energyor for $1.5 million. in addition, the Company agreed
to pay the sellers a royalty based on future sales of relevant applications, not to exceed $3.0 million, by May 22, 2025. these
royalties are added to the intangible asset balance, as incurred. to date, no royalties have been earned.

as of december 31, 2020, as part of the agreement to acquire the intellectual property from aFC, the Company paid

aFC milestone payments of $2.9 million.

amortization expense for acquired identifiable intangible assets for the years ended december 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018

was $1.1 million, $0.7 million and $0.7 million, respectively.

estimated amortization expense for subsequent years was as follows (in thousands):

2021
2022
2023
2024
2025 and thereafter
total

1,878
1,478
1,478
1,456
3,961
10,251

$

Goodwill was $72.4 million and $8.8 million as of december 31, 2020 and 2019 respectively, which increased $62.6
million as a result of the Giner elX and uhG acquisitions, and increased $900 thousand due to translation gain for hypulsion
goodwill.  there were no impairments during the fiscal years ended december 31, 2020 and 2019.

11.  Accrued Expenses, as restated

accrued expenses at december 31, 2020 and 2019 consist of (in thousands):

accrued payroll and compensation related costs
accrued accounts payable
accrued sales and other taxes
accrued interest
accrued other
total

2020
29,167
11,750
3,665
649
852
46,083

$

$

$

$

2019
(as restated)

2,932
7,254
905
2,374
944
14,409

12. Operating and Finance Lease Liabilities, as restated  

as  of  december  31,  2020,  the  Company  had  operating  leases,  as  lessee,  primarily  associated  with  sale/leaseback
transactions  that  are  partially  secured  by  restricted  cash,  security  deposits  and  pledged  escrows  (see  also  note  1,  “nature  of
operations”)  as  summarized  below.    these  leases  expire  over  the  next  one to  nine  years.  Minimum  rent  payments  under
operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.  

leases contain termination clauses with associated penalties, the amount of which cause the likelihood of cancellation to
be  remote.    at  the  end  of  the  lease  term,  the  leased  assets  may  be  returned  to  the  lessor  by  the  Company,  the  Company  may
negotiate with the lessor to purchase the assets at fair market value, or the Company may negotiate with the lessor to renew the
lease  at  market  rental  rates.    no  residual  value  guarantees  are  contained  in  the  leases.    no  financial  covenants  are  contained
within  the  lease,  however  there  are  customary  operational  covenants  such  as  assurance  the  Company  properly  maintains  the
leased  assets  and  carries  appropriate  insurance,  etc.    the  leases  include  credit  support  in  the  form  of  either  cash,  collateral  or
letters of credit.  See note 22, “Commitments and contingencies, as restated,” for a description of cash held as security associated
with the leases.    

the  Company  has  finance  leases  associated  with  its  property  and  equipment  in  latham,  new  York  and  at  fueling

customer locations.  the fair value of this finance obligation approximated the carrying value as of december 31, 2020.

F-66

    
    
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Future minimum lease payments under operating and finance leases (with initial or remaining lease terms in excess of

one year) as of december 31, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

2021
2022
2023
2024
2025 and thereafter
total future minimum payments
less imputed interest
total

Finance

Operating Lease

Lease

Total

Lease

Liability

28,536 $
27,138  
26,464  
25,947  
50,362
158,447  
(44,509)
113,938 $

Liability

Liabilities
29,797
1,261 $
28,372
1,234
27,674
1,210
27,240
1,293
52,083
1,721
165,166
6,719
(1,323)
(45,832)
5,396 $ 119,334

$

$

Rental expense for all operating leases was $22.3 million, $14.6 million and $10.2 million for the years ended december

31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.  

the  gross  profit  on  sale/leaseback  transactions  for  all  operating  leases  was  $61.0  million,  $26.2  million  and  $16.4
million for the years ended december 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new
operating lease liabilities was $58.5 million and $37.7 million for the years ended december 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

at december 31, 2020 and 2019, the right of use assets associated with operating leases was $117.0 million and $63.3

million, respectively. the accumulated depreciation for these right of use assets was $48.6 million and $23.6 million at december
31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

at december 31, 2020 and 2019, the right of use assets associated with finance leases was $5.7 million and $1.7

million, respectively. the accumulated depreciation for these right of use assets was $102 thousand and $32 thousand at
december 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

at  december  31,  2020  and  2019,  security  deposits  associated  with  sale/leaseback  transactions  were  $5.8  million  and

$6.0 million, respectively, and were included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet.

other information related to the operating leases are presented in the following table:

Cash payments (in thousands)
weighted average remaining lease term (years)
weighted average discount rate

$

Year ended

Year ended

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

$

22,626
6.0
11.7%

14,055
5.0
12.1%

Finance  lease  costs  include  amortization  of  the  right  of  use  assets  (i.e.  depreciation  expense)  and  interest  on  lease
liabilities  (i.e.  interest  and  other  expense,  net  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  operations),  and  were  immaterial  for  the  years
ended december 31, 2019 and 2018.  

Right  of  use  assets  obtained  in  exchange  for  new  finance  lease  liabilities  were  $4.1  million  and  $0.1  million  for  the

years ended december 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

F-67

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

other information related to the finance leases are presented in the following table:

Cash payments (in thousands)
weighted average remaining lease term (years)
weighted average discount rate

13.  Finance Obligation, as restated  

$

Year ended

Year ended

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

$

471
5.6
8.2%

255
7.7
8.8%

the Company has sold future services to be performed associated with certain sale/leaseback transactions and recorded
the balance as a finance obligation.  the outstanding balance of this obligation at december 31, 2020 was $157.7 million, $24.7
million and $132.9 million of which was classified as short-term and long-term, respectively, on the accompanying consolidated
balance  sheet.  the  outstanding  balance  of  this  obligation  at  december  31,  2019  was  $112.4  million,  $16.8  million  and  $95.6
million of which was classified as short-term and long-term, respectively. the amount is amortized using the effective interest
method. the fair value of this finance obligation approximated the carrying value as of december 31, 2020.

in prior periods, the Company entered into sale/leaseback transactions that were accounted for as financing transactions
and reported as part of finance obligations. the outstanding balance of finance obligations related to sale/leaseback transactions
at december 31, 2020 was $23.9 million, $8.0 million and $15.9 million of which was classified as short-term and long-term,
respectively on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.  the outstanding balance of this obligation at december 31, 2019
was  $31.7  million,  $7.9  million  and  $23.8  million  of  which  was  classified  as  short-term  and  long-term,  respectively  on  the
accompanying consolidated balance sheet.  the fair value of this finance obligation approximated the carrying value as of both
december 31, 2020 and december 31, 2019.

Future minimum payments under finance obligations notes above as of december 31, 2020 were as follows (in

thousands):

2021
2022
2023
2024
2025 and thereafter
total future minimum payments
less imputed interest
total

Total

Sale of Future

Sale/leaseback

Finance

revenue - debt

$

$

41,670 $
39,268
39,268
39,268
53,385
212,859
(55,158)
157,701 $

financings Obligations
9,327 $
50,997
4,975
44,243
3,149
42,417
16,154
55,422
—
53,385
33,605
246,464
(64,911)
(9,753)
23,852 $ 181,553

other information related to the above finance obligations are presented in the following table:

Cash payments (in thousands)
weighted average remaining term (years)
weighted average discount rate

$

Year ended

Year ended

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

$

44,245
5.0
11.3%

76,244
5.3
11.2%

F-68

table of Contents

14. Long-Term Debt

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

in  March  2019,  the  Company  entered  into  a  loan  and  security  agreement,  as  amended  (the  ”loan  agreement”),  with
Generate lending, llC (“Generate Capital”), providing for a secured term loan facility in the amount of $100 million (the “term
loan Facility”). the Company used the proceeds to pay off in full the Company’s previous loan with nY Green Bank a division
of the new York State energy Research & development (“Green-Bank loan”) and terminate and re-purchase certain equipment
leases  with  Generate  Plug  Power  SlB  ii,  llC.  in  connection  with  this  transaction,  the  Company  recognized  a  loss  on
extinguishment of debt of approximately $0.5 million during the year ended december 31, 2019. this loss was recorded in gain
(loss) on extinguishment of debt, in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. the Company borrowed an incremental
$20 million in november 2019.

additionally, during the year ended december 31, 2020, the Company, under another series of amendments to the loan
agreement, borrowed an incremental  $100 million. as part of the amendment to the loan agreement, the Company’s interest
rate  on  the  secured  term  loan  facility  was  reduced  to  9.50%  from  12.00%  per  annum,  and    the  maturity  date  was  extended  to
october  31,  2025  from  october  6,  2022.  on  december  31,  2020,  the  outstanding  balance  under  the  term  loan  Facility  was
$165.8 million.

the loan agreement includes covenants, limitations, and events of default customary for similar facilities. interest and
a  portion  of  the  principal  amount  is  payable  on  a  quarterly  basis.    Principal  payments  will  be  funded  in  part  by  releases  of
restricted cash, as described in note 22, “Commitments and Contingencies, as restated.” Based on the amortization schedule as of
december 31, 2020, the aforementioned loan balance under the term loan Facility will be fully paid by october 31, 2025.  the
Company is in compliance with, or has obtained waivers for, all debt covenants.  

the  term  loan  Facility  is  secured  by  substantially  all  of  the  Company’s  and  the  guarantor  subsidiaries’  assets,
including, among other assets, all intellectual property, all securities in domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the securities in foreign
subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions and exclusions.

the loan agreement provides that if there is an event of default due to the Company’s insolvency or if the Company
fails to perform in any material respect the servicing requirements for fuel cell systems under certain customer agreements, which
failure would entitle the customer to terminate such customer agreement, replace the Company or withhold the payment of any
material amount to the Company under such customer agreement, then Generate Capital has the right to cause Proton Services
inc.,  a  wholly  owned  subsidiary  of  the  Company,  to  replace  the  Company  in  performing  the  maintenance  services  under  such
customer agreement.

additionally, $1.75 million was paid to an escrow account related to additional fees due in connection with the Green-
Bank loan if the Company does not meet certain new York State employment and fuel cell deployment targets by March 2021.

the  amount  of  escrow  expected  to  be  received  of  $700  thousand  was  recorded  in  short-term  other  assets  on  the
Company’s  consolidated  balance  sheets  as  of  december  31,  2020.  during  the  year  ended  december  31,  2020,  the  Company
received  $250  thousand  from  escrow  related  to  the  new  York  state  employment  targets.    the  Company  also  received  $700
thousand related to the new York State employment targets in March 2021.  the Company did not meet the deployment targets
and charged-off $800 thousand to interest expense during december, 2020.

as of december 31, 2020 the term loan Facility requires the principal balance as of each of the following dates not to

exceed the following (in thousands):

december 31, 2021
december 31, 2022
december 31, 2023
december 31, 2024
december 31, 2025

127,317
93,321
62,920
33,692
—

F-69

 
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

15. Convertible Senior Notes

3.75% Convertible Senior Notes

on  May  18,  2020,  the  Company  issued  $200.0  million  in  aggregate  principal  amount  of  3.75%  Convertible  Senior
notes due June 1, 2025, which is referred to herein as the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes, in a private placement to qualified
institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144a under the Securities act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities act. on May 29, 2020,
the Company issued an additional $12.5 million in aggregate principal amount of 3.75% Convertible Senior notes.

at issuance in May 2020, the total net proceeds from the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes were as follows:

Principal amount
less initial purchasers' discount
less cost of related capped calls
less other issuance costs
net proceeds

Amount

(in thousands)

212,463
(6,374)
(16,253)
(617)
189,219

$

$

the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes bear interest at a  rate of 3.75% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears on June
1  and  december  1  of  each  year,  beginning  on  december  1,  2020.    the  notes  will  mature  on  June  1,  2025,  unless  earlier
converted, redeemed or repurchased in accordance with their terms.

the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  are  senior,  unsecured  obligations  of  the  Company  and  rank  senior  in  right  of
payment to any of the Company’s indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the notes, equal in right of
payment  to  any  of  the  Company’s  existing  and  future  liabilities  that  are  not  so  subordinated,  including  the  Company’s  $100
million in aggregate principal amount of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes due 2023, which is referred to herein as the 5.5%
Convertible Senior notes, effectively junior in right of payment to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of
the  value  of  the  collateral  securing  such  indebtedness,  and  structurally  subordinated  to  all  indebtedness  and  other  liabilities,
including trade payables, of its current or future subsidiaries.  

holders of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes may convert their notes at their option at any time prior to the close of

the business day immediately preceding december 1, 2024 in the following circumstances:

1)

2)

3)

4)

during  any  calendar  quarter  commencing  after  december  31,  2020,  if  the  last  reported  sale  price  of  the  Company’s
common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price for each of at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive)
during  a  period  of  30  consecutive  trading  days  ending  on,  and  including,  the  last  trading  day  of  the  immediately
preceding calendar quarter;

during the five business days after any five consecutive trading day period (such five consecutive trading day period, the
measurement period) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes for
each  trading  day  of  the  measurement  period  was  less  than  98%  of  the  product  of  the  last  reported  sale  price  of  the
Company’s common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day;

if the Company calls any or all of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes for redemption, any such notes that have been
called for redemption may be converted at any time prior to the close of business on the second scheduled trading day
immediately preceding the redemption date; or

upon the occurrence of specified corporate events, as described in the indenture governing the 3.75% Convertible Senior
notes.

F-70

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

on or after december 1, 2024, the holders of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes may convert all or any portion of their
notes  at  any  time  prior  to  the  close  of  business  on  the  second  scheduled  trading  day  immediately  preceding  the  maturity  date
regardless of the foregoing conditions.

the initial conversion rate for the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes is 198.6196 shares of the Company’s common stock
per $1,000 principal amount of notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $5.03 per share of the
Company’s common stock, subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of specified events. upon conversion, the Company will
pay  or  deliver,  as  applicable,  cash,  shares  of  the  Company’s  common  stock  or  a  combination  of  cash  and  shares  of  the
Company’s  common  stock,  at  the  Company’s  election.  during  January  and  February  of  2021,  $15.2  million  of  the  3.75%
Convertible  Senior  notes  have  been  converted  and  the  Company  has  issued  3.0  million  shares  in  conjunction  with  these
conversions.

in addition, following certain corporate events or following issuance of a notice of redemption, the Company will

increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert its notes in connection with such a corporate event or convert its
notes called for redemption during the related redemption period in certain circumstances.

the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes will be redeemable, in whole or in part, at the Company’s option at any time, and
from time to time, on or after June 5, 2023 and before the 41st scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, at a
cash redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if
any, but only if the last reported sale price per share of the Company’s common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price then
in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive), including at least one of the  three trading days immediately
preceding the date the Company sends the related redemption notice, during any 30 consecutive trading day period ending on,
and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which the Company sends such redemption notice.

if the Company undergoes a “fundamental change” (as defined in the indenture), holders may require the Company to
repurchase their notes for cash all or any portion of their notes at a fundamental change repurchase price equal to 100% of the
principal  amount  of  the  notes  to  be  repurchased,  plus  accrued  and  unpaid  interest,  to,  but  excluding,  the  fundamental  change
repurchase date.

in accounting for the issuance  of the 3.75% Convertible  Senior notes, the Company separated the notes into liability
and  equity  components.  the  initial  carrying  amount  of  the  liability  component  of  approximately  $75.2  million,  net  of  costs
incurred, was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar liability that does not have an associated convertible feature. the
carrying  amount  of  the  equity  component  of  approximately  $130.3  million,  net  of  costs  incurred,  representing  the  conversion
option, was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the 3.75% Convertible Senior
notes. the difference between the principal amount of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes and the liability component (the debt
discount)  is  amortized  to  interest  expense  using  the  effective  interest  method  over  the  term  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior
notes.  the  effective  interest  rate  is  approximately  29.0%.    the  equity  component  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  is
included in additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheets and is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the
conditions for equity classification.

we  incurred  transaction  costs  related  to  the  issuance  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  of  approximately  $7.0
million,  consisting  of  initial  purchasers’  discount  of  approximately  $6.4  million  and  other  issuance  costs  of  $0.6  million.    in
accounting for the transaction costs, we allocated the total amount incurred to the liability and equity components using the same
proportions as the proceeds from the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes. transaction costs attributable to the liability component
were  approximately  $2.6  million,  were  recorded  as  debt  issuance  cost  (presented  as  contra  debt  in  the  consolidated  balance
sheets) and are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes. the transaction costs
attributable  to  the  equity  component  were  approximately  $4.4  million  and  were  netted  with  the  equity  component  in
stockholders’ equity.

F-71

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes consisted of the following (in thousands):

Principal amounts:
 Principal
 unamortized debt discount (1)
 unamortized debt issuance costs (1)
 net carrying amount
 Carrying amount of the equity component (2)

December 31,
2020

$

$
$

212,463
(124,655)
(2,295)
85,513
130,249

1)

3)

included in the consolidated balance sheets within the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes, net and amortized over the
remaining life of the notes using the effective interest rate method.

included in the consolidated balance sheets within additional paid-in capital, net of the associated income tax benefit
of $29.8 million.

Based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock of $33.91 on december 31, 2020, the if-converted value of
the notes was greater than the principal amount. the estimated fair value of the note at december 31, 2020 was approximately
$1.3 billion.  Fair value estimation  was primarily  based on a stock exchange, active  trade on december  29, 2020 of the 3.75%
 Senior  Convertible  note.  the  Company  considers  this  a  level  1  fair  value  measurement.  Refer  to  note  4,  “Summary  of
Significant accounting Policies.”

Capped Call

in  conjunction  with  the  pricing  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes,  the  Company  entered  into  privately  negotiated
capped  call  transactions  (the  “3.75%  notes  Capped  Call”)  with  certain  counterparties  at  a  price  of  $16.2  million.  the  3.75%
notes Capped Call covers, subject to anti-dilution adjustments, the aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock
that underlie the initial 3.75% Convertible Senior notes and is generally expected to reduce potential dilution to the Company’s
common  stock  upon  any  conversion  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  and/or  offset  any  cash  payments  the  Company  is
required to make in excess of the principal amount of the converted notes, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset
subject  to  a  cap  based  on  the  cap  price.  the  cap  price  of  the  3.75%  notes  Capped  Call  is  initially  $6.7560  per  share,  which
represents a premium of approximately 60% over the last then-reported sale price of the Company’s common stock of $4.11 per
share on the date of the transaction and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the 3.75% notes Capped Call. the
3.75% notes Capped Call becomes exercisable if the conversion option is exercised.

the  net  cost  incurred  in  connection  with  the  3.75%  notes  Capped  Call  has  been  recorded  as  a  reduction  to  additional

paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheet.

7.5% Convertible Senior Note

in September 2019, the Company issued $40.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.5%  Convertible Senior note due
on  January  5,  2023,  which  is  referred  to  herein  as  the  7.5%  Convertible  Senior  note,  in  exchange  for  net  proceeds  of  $39.1
million, in a private placement to an accredited investor pursuant to Rule 144a under the Securities act. there were no required
principal  payments  prior  to  the  maturity  of  the  7.5%  Convertible  Senior  note.  upon  maturity  of  the  7.5%  Convertible  Senior
note,  the  Company  was  required  to  repay  120%  of  $40.0  million,  or  $48.0  million.  the  7.5%  Convertible  Senior  note  bore
interest  at  7.5%  per  year,  payable  quarterly  in  arrears  on  January  5,  april  5,  July  5  and  october  5  of  each  year  beginning  on
october 5, 2019 and was to mature on January 5, 2023 unless earlier converted or repurchased in accordance with its terms. the
7.5% Convertible Senior note was unsecured and did not contain any financial covenants or any restrictions on the payment of
dividends, or the issuance or repurchase of common stock by the Company.

on July 1, 2020, the 7.5% Convertible Senior note automatically converted into 16.0 million shares of common stock.

F-72

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

5.5% Convertible Senior Notes

in March 2018, the Company issued $100 million in aggregate principal amount of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes
due  on March  15,  2023,  which  is  referred  to  herein  as  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes,  in  a  private  placement  to  qualified
institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144a under the Securities act.

in May 2020, the Company used a portion of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes
to finance the cash portion of the partial repurchase of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes, which consisted of a repurchase of
approximately  $66.3  million  in  aggregate  principal  amount  of  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes  in  privately-negotiated
transactions for aggregate consideration of $128.9 million, consisting of approximately $90.2 million in cash and approximately
9.4 million shares of the Company’s common stock. of the $128.9 million in aggregate consideration, $35.5 million and $93.4
million were allocated to the debt and equity components, respectively, utilizing an effective discount rate of 29.8% to determine
the fair value of the liability component. as of the repurchase date, the carrying value of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes that
were repurchased, net of unamortized  debt discount and issuance costs, was $48.7 million. the partial repurchase of the 5.5%
Convertible  Senior  notes  resulted  in  a  $13.2  million  gain  on  early  debt  extinguishment.  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2020,  $33.5
million of the remaining 5.5% Convertible Senior notes converted into 14.6 million shares of common stock which resulted in a
gain  of  approximately  $4.5  million  which  was  recorded  on  the  consolidated  statement  of  operations  on  the  gain  (loss)  on
extinguishment  of  debt  line.  as  of  december  31,  2020,  approximately  $160  thousand  aggregate  principal  amount  of  the  5.5%
Convertible Senior notes remained outstanding, all of which were converted into common stock  in January 2021.

in accounting for the issuance of the notes, the Company separated the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes into liability and
equity components. the initial carrying amount of the liability component of approximately $58.2 million, net of costs incurred,
was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar liability that does not have an associated convertible feature. the carrying
amount of the equity component of approximately $37.7 million, net of costs incurred, representing the conversion option, was
determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the par value of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes. the
difference between the principal amount of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes and the liability component (the debt discount) is
amortized  to  interest  expense  using  the  effective  interest  method  over  the  term  of  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes.  the
effective  interest  rate  is  approximately  16.0%.  the  equity  component  of  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes  is  included  in
additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheets and is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions
for equity classification.

we incurred transaction costs related to the issuance of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes of approximately $4.1 million,
consisting of initial purchasers’ discount of approximately $3.3 million and other issuance costs of $0.9 million. in accounting for
the transaction costs, we allocated the total amount incurred to the liability and equity components using the same proportions as
the  proceeds  from  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes.  transaction  costs  attributable  to  the  liability  component  were
approximately $2.4 million, were recorded as debt issuance cost (presented as contra debt in the consolidated balance sheets) and
are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes. the transaction costs attributable to
the equity component were approximately $1.7 million and were netted with the equity component in stockholders’ equity.

the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes consisted of the following (in thousands):

December 31,
2020

December 31,

2019

Principal amounts:
 Principal
 unamortized debt discount (1)
 unamortized debt issuance costs (1)
 net carrying amount
 Carrying amount of the equity component (2)

$

$
$

$

160
(32)
(1)
127
$
— $

100,000
(27,818)
(1,567)
70,615
37,702

1)

included  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets  within the 5.5% Convertible  Senior  notes,  net  and  amortized  over  the  remaining  life  of  the
5.5% Convertible Senior notes using the effective interest rate method.

F-73

 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

2)

included  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets  within  additional  paid-in  capital,  net  of $1.7 million  in  equity  issuance  costs  and  associated
income tax benefit of $9.2 million, at december 31, 2019.

Capped Call

in  conjunction  with  the  pricing  of  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes,  the  Company  entered  into  privately  negotiated
capped call transactions (the “5.5% notes Capped Call”) with certain counterparties at a price of $16.0 million. the 5.5% notes
Capped Call covers, subject to anti-dilution adjustments, the aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock that
underlie the initial 5.5% Convertible Senior notes and is generally expected to reduce the potential dilution to the Company’s
common  stock  upon  any  conversion  of  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes  and/or  offset  any  cash  payments  the  Company  is
required  to make in excess of the principal  amount of the converted 5.5% Convertible  Senior notes, as the case may be, with
such  reduction  and/or  offset  subject  to a  cap  based  on the  cap  price.  the cap  price  of  the  5.5%  notes  Capped  Call is  initially
$3.82 per share, which represents a premium of 100% over the last then-reported sale price of the Company’s common stock of
$1.91 per share on the date of the transaction  and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the 5.5% notes Capped
Call. the 5.5% notes Capped Call becomes exercisable if the conversion option is exercised.

the net cost incurred in connection with the 5.5% notes Capped Call has been recorded as a reduction to additional paid-

in capital in the consolidated balance sheets.

in conjunction with the partial repurchase of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes, the Company terminated 100% of the
5.5%  notes  Capped  Call  on  June  5,  2020.  as  a  result  of  the  termination,  the  Company  received  $24.2  million  which  was
recorded in additional paid-in capital.

Common Stock Forward

in  connection  with  the  issuance  of  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes,  the  Company  also  entered  into  a  forward  stock
purchase transaction, or the Common Stock Forward, pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase 14,397,906 shares of its
common stock for settlement on or about March 15, 2023. in connection with the issuance of the 3.75% Convertible Senior notes
and the partial payoff of the 5.5% Convertible Senior notes, the Company amended and extended the maturity of the Common
Stock Forward to June 1, 2025. the number of shares of common stock that the Company will ultimately repurchase under the
Common  Stock  Forward  is  subject  to  customary  anti-dilution  adjustments.  the  Common  Stock  Forward  is  subject  to  early
settlement or settlement with alternative consideration in the event of certain corporate transactions.

the net cost incurred in connection with the Common Stock Forward of $27.5 million has been recorded as an increase in

treasury stock in the consolidated balance sheets. the related shares were accounted for as a repurchase of common stock.

the book value of the Common Stock Forward is not remeasured.

during the fourth quarter of 2020, the Common Stock Forward was partially settled and, as a result, the Company received

4.4 million shares of its common stock.  

9.

16.  Stockholders’ Equity

Preferred Stock

the Company has authorized 5.0 million shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share. the Company’s certificate
of incorporation provides that shares of preferred stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series. the Company’s
Board of directors is authorized to fix the voting rights, if any, designations, powers, preferences, qualifications, limitations and
restrictions thereof, applicable to the shares of each series.

the Company has authorized Series a Junior Participating Cumulative Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share. as of

december 31, 2020 and december 31, 2019, there were no shares of Series a Junior Participating Cumulative

F-74

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Preferred  Stock  issued  and  outstanding.    See  note  17,  “Redeemable  Convertible  Preferred  Stock,”  for  a  description  of  the
Company’s Series C Preferred Stock and Series e Preferred Stock.

Common Stock and Warrants

the Company has one class of common stock, par value $.01 per share. each share of the Company’s common stock is

entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to stockholders.

in  February  2021,  the  Company  completed  the  previously  announced  sale  of  its  common  stock  in  connection  with  a
strategic partnership with SK holdings to accelerate the use of hydrogen as an alternative energy source in asian markets. the
Company sold 54,966,188 shares of its common stock to a subsidiary of SK holdings at a purchase price of $29.2893 per share,
or an aggregate purchase price of approximately $1.6 billion.

in January and February 2021, the Company issued and sold in a registered equity offering an aggregate of 32.2 million
shares of its common stock at a purchase price of $65.00 per share for net proceeds of approximately $1.8 billion. See note 23,
“Subsequent events,” for more information.

in november 2020, the Company issued and sold in a registered direct offering an aggregate of 43,700,000 shares of its

common stock at a purchase price of $22.25 per share for net proceeds of approximately $927.3 million.

in august 2020, the Company issued and sold in a registered direct offering an aggregate of 35,276,250 shares of its

common stock at a purchase price of $10.25 per share for net proceeds of approximately $344.4 million.

in december 2019, the Company issued and sold in a registered public offering an aggregate of 46 million shares of its

common stock at a purchase price of $2.75 per share for net proceeds of approximately $120.4 million.

in  March  2019,  the  Company  issued  and  sold  in  a  registered  direct  offering  an  aggregate  of  10  million  shares  of  its

common stock at a purchase price of $2.35 per share. the net proceeds to the Company were approximately $23.5 million.

there were 458,051,920 and 303,378,515 shares of common stock outstanding as of december 31, 2020 and december

31, 2019, respectively.

during  2017,  warrants  to  purchase  up  to  110,573,392  shares  of  common  stock  were  issued  in  connection  with
transaction agreements with amazon and walmart, as discussed in note 18, “warrant transaction agreements.” at december
31, 2020 and december 31, 2019, 68,380,913 and 26,188,434 of the warrant shares had vested, respectively, and are therefore
exercisable. these warrants are measured at fair value at the time of grant or modification and are classified as equity instruments
on the consolidated balance sheets. Refer to note 23, “Subsequent events.”

At Market Issuance Sales Agreement

on  april  13,  2020,  the  Company  entered  into  the  at  Market  issuance  Sales  agreement  with  B.  Riley  Financial  (“B.
Riley”)  as  sales  agent,  pursuant  to  which  the  Company  may  offer  and  sell,  from  time  to  time  through  B.  Riley,  shares  of
Company common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $75.0 million.  as of the date of this filing, the Company has
not issued any shares of common stock pursuant to the at Market issuance Sales agreement.

Prior to december 31, 2019, the Company entered into a previous at Market issuance Sales agreement with B. Riley,
which  was  terminated  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2019.    under  this  at  Market  issuance  Sales  agreement,  for  the    year  ended
december 31, 2019, the Company issued 6.3 million shares of common stock, resulting in net proceeds of $14.5 million and for
the year ended december 31, 2018, the Company issued 3.8 million shares of common stock, resulting in net proceeds of $7.0
million.

F-75

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

17. Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock, as restated

Series E Preferred Stock

in november 2018, the Company issued an aggregate of 35,000 shares of the Company’s Series e Preferred Stock in a
private placement to certain accredited investors in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities act. the Company received net
proceeds  of  approximately  $30.9  million,  after  deducting  placement  agent  fees  and  expenses  payable  by  the  Company.    the
Company is required to redeem the Series e Preferred Stock in thirteen monthly installments in the amount of $2.7 million each
from May 2019 through May 2020. the Company had 0 and 500 shares of Series e Preferred Stock outstanding at december 31,
2020 and 2019, respectively. the remaining 500 shares were converted to common stock in January 2020.

during 2019, certain conversions of the Series e preferred stock resulted in a deemed dividend of approximately $1.8
million that is reflected on the Company’s consolidated statement of operations as Preferred stock dividends declared, deemed
dividends and accretion of discount.

Series C Preferred Stock

in april 2020, 870 shares of Series C Preferred Stock were converted to 923,819 shares of common stock. in May 2020,

the remaining the 1,750 shares of Series C Preferred Stock were converted into 1,858,256 shares of common stock.

18. Warrant Transaction Agreements

Amazon Transaction Agreement

on  april  4,  2017,  the  Company  and  amazon  entered  into  a  transaction  agreement  (the  “amazon  transaction
agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue to amazon.com nV investment holdings llC, a wholly owned
subsidiary of amazon, a warrant (the “amazon warrant”) to acquire up to 55,286,696 shares of the Company’s common stock
(the “amazon warrant Shares”), subject to certain vesting events described below. the Company and amazon entered into the
amazon  transaction  agreement  in  connection  with  existing  commercial  agreements  between  the  Company  and  amazon  with
respect  to  the  deployment  of  the  Company’s  GenKey  fuel  cell  technology  at  amazon  distribution  centers.  the  existing
commercial agreements contemplate, but do not guarantee, future purchase orders for the Company’s fuel cell technology. the
vesting of the amazon warrant Shares was conditioned upon payments made by amazon or its affiliates (directly or indirectly
through third parties) pursuant to the existing commercial agreements.

under the terms of the original amazon warrant, the first tranche of the 5,819,652 amazon warrant Shares vested upon
execution of the amazon warrant, and the remaining amazon warrant Shares vest based on amazon’s payment of up to $600.0
million to the Company in connection with amazon’s purchase of goods and services from the Company. the $6.7 million fair
value  of  the  first  tranche  of  the  amazon  warrant  Shares,  was  recognized  as  selling,  general  and  administrative  expense  upon
execution of the amazon warrant.

Provision for the second and third tranches of amazon warrant Shares is recorded as a reduction of revenue, because

they represent consideration payable to a customer.

the fair value of the second tranche of amazon warrant Shares was measured at  January 1, 2019, upon adoption of
aSu 2019-08. the second  tranche  of 29,098,260 amazon warrant  Shares  vested  in four equal installments,  as amazon or its
affiliates, directly or indirectly through third parties, made an aggregate of $50.0 million in payments for goods and services to
the  Company,  up  to  payments  totaling  $200.0  million  in  the  aggregate.  the  last  installment  of  the  second  tranche  vested  on
november  2,  2020.    Revenue  reductions  of  $9.0  million,  $4.1  million  and  $9.8  million  associated  with  the  second  tranche  of
amazon warrant Shares were recorded in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, under the terms of the original amazon warrant.  

F-76

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

under the terms of the original amazon warrant, the third tranche of 20,368,784 amazon warrant Shares vests in eight
equal installments, as amazon or its affiliates, directly or indirectly through third parties, made an aggregate of $50.0 million in
payments for goods and services to the Company, up to payments totaling $400.0 million in the aggregate. the measurement date
for the third tranche of amazon warrant Shares was november 2, 2020, when their exercise price was determined, as discussed
further below. the fair value of the third tranche of amazon warrant Shares was determined to be $10.57 each. during 2020,
revenue reductions of $24.1 million associated with the third tranche amazon warrant Shares were recorded under the terms of
the original amazon warrant, prior to the december 31, 2020 waiver described below.  

on  december  31,  2020,  the  Company  waived  the  remaining  vesting  conditions  under  the  amazon  warrant,  which
resulted in the immediate vesting of all the third tranche of the amazon warrant Shares and recognition of an additional $399.7
million reduction to revenue.

the $399.7 million  reduction to revenue resulting  from the december 31, 2020 waiver was determined  based upon a
probability  assessment  of  whether  the  underlying  shares  would  have  vested  under  the  terms  of  the  original  amazon  warrant.
Based  upon  the  Company’s  projections  of  probable  future  cash  collections  from  amazon  (i.e.,  a  type  i  share  based  payment
modification),  a  reduction  of  revenue  associated  with  5,354,905  amazon  warrant  Shares  was  recognized  at  their  previously
measured november 2, 2020 fair value of $10.57 per warrant.  a reduction of revenue associated with the remaining 12,730,490
amazon  warrant  Shares  was  recognized  at  their  december  31,  2020  fair  value  of  $26.95  each,  based  upon  the  Company’s
assessment that associated future cash collections from amazon were not deemed probable (i.e., a type iii share based payment
modification).

the  $399.7  million  reduction  to  revenue  was  recognized  during  the  year  ended  december  31,  2020  because  the
Company concluded such amount was not recoverable from the margins expected from future purchases by amazon under the
amazon warrant, and no exclusivity or other rights were conferred to the Company in connection with the december 31, 2020
waiver. additionally, for the year ended december 31, 2020, the Company recorded a reduction to the provision for warrants of
$12.8 million in connection with the release of the service loss accrual.

at december 31, 2020 and december 31, 2019, 55,286,696 and 20,368,782 of the amazon warrant Shares had vested,
respectively.  the  total  amount  of  provision  for  common  stock  warrants  recorded  as  a  reduction  of  revenue  for  the  amazon
warrant  during  the  years  ended  december  31,  2020,  and  2019  and  2018  was  $420.0  million,  $4.1  million,  and  $9.8  million,
respectively.

the exercise price for the first and second tranches of amazon warrant Shares is $1.1893 per share.  the exercise price
of the third tranche of amazon warrant Shares is $13.81 per share, which was determined pursuant to the terms of the amazon
warrant  as  an  amount  equal  to  ninety  percent  (90%)  of  the  30-day  volume  weighted  average  share  price  of  the  Company’s
common stock as of november 2, 2020, the final vesting date of the second tranche of amazon warrant Shares. the amazon
warrant  is  exercisable  through  april  4,  2027.  the  amazon  warrant  provides  for  net  share  settlement  that,  if  elected  by  the
holder, will reduce the number of shares issued upon exercise to reflect net settlement of the exercise price. the amazon warrant
provides for certain adjustments that may be made to the exercise price and the number of shares of common stock issuable upon
exercise  due  to  customary  anti-dilution  provisions  based  on  future  events.  the  amazon  warrant  is  classified  as  an  equity
instrument.

Fair value of the amazon warrant at december 31, 2020 and november 2, 2020 was based on the Black Scholes option
Pricing Model, which is based, in part, upon level 3 unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, requiring the
Company to develop its own assumptions.

the Company used the following assumptions for its amazon warrant:

Risk-free interest rate
Volatility
expected average term
exercise price
Stock price

December 31, 2020
0.58%
75.00%
6.26
$13.81
$33.91

November 2, 2020
0.58%
75.00%
6.42
$13.81
$15.47

F-77

  
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

Walmart Transaction Agreement

on  July  20,  2017,  the  Company  and  walmart  entered  into  a  transaction  agreement  (the  “walmart  transaction
agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue to walmart a warrant (the “walmart warrant”) to acquire up to
55,286,696  shares  of  the  Company’s  common  stock,  subject  to  certain  vesting  events  (the  “walmart  warrant  Shares”).  the
Company  and  walmart  entered  into  the  walmart  transaction  agreement  in  connection  with  existing  commercial  agreements
between  the  Company  and  walmart  with  respect  to  the  deployment  of  the  Company’s  GenKey  fuel  cell  technology  across
various  walmart  distribution  centers.  the  existing  commercial  agreements  contemplate,  but  do  not  guarantee,  future  purchase
orders for the Company’s fuel cell technology. the vesting of the warrant shares conditioned upon payments made by walmart
or  its  affiliates  (directly  or  indirectly  through  third  parties)  pursuant  to  transactions  entered  into  after  January  1,  2017  under
existing commercial agreements.

the  majority  of  the  walmart  warrant  Shares  will  vest  based  on  walmart’s  payment  of  up  to  $600.0  million  to  the
Company  in  connection  with  walmart’s  purchase  of  goods  and  services  from  the  Company.  the  first  tranche  of  5,819,652
walmart warrant Shares vested upon the execution of the walmart warrant and was fully exercised as of december 31, 2020.
accordingly,  $10.9  million,  the  fair  value  of  the  first  tranche  of  walmart  warrant  Shares,  was  recorded  as  a  provision  for
common stock warrants and presented as a reduction to revenue on the consolidated statements of operations during 2017. all
future  provision  for  common  stock  warrants  is  measured  based  on their  grant-date  fair  value  and  recorded  as  a  charge  against
revenue.  the  second  tranche  of  29,098,260 walmart  warrant  Shares  vests  in  four  installments  of  7,274,565 walmart  warrant
Shares  each  time  walmart  or  its  affiliates,  directly  or  indirectly  through  third  parties,  make  an  aggregate  of  $50.0  million  in
payments for goods and services to the Company, up to payments totaling $200.0 million in the aggregate. the exercise price for
the  first  and  second  tranches  of  walmart  warrant  Shares  is  $2.1231  per  share.  after  walmart  has  made  payments  to  the
Company  totaling  $200.0  million,  the  third  tranche  of  20,368,784  walmart  warrant  Shares  will  vest  in  eight  installments  of
2,546,098  walmart  warrant  Shares  each  time  walmart  or  its  affiliates,  directly  or  indirectly  through  third  parties,  make  an
aggregate of $50.0 million in payments for goods and services to the Company, up to payments totaling $400.0 million in the
aggregate. the exercise price of the third tranche of walmart warrant Shares will be an amount per share equal to ninety percent
(90%) of the 30-day volume weighted average share price of the common stock as of the final vesting date of the second tranche
of walmart warrant Shares, provided that, with limited exceptions, the exercise price for the third tranche will be no lower than
$1.1893. the walmart warrant is exercisable through July 20, 2027.

the walmart warrant provides for net share settlement that, if elected by the holder, will reduce the number of shares
issued upon exercise to reflect net settlement of the exercise price. the walmart warrant provides for certain adjustments that
may  be  made  to  the  exercise  price  and  the  number  of  shares  of  common  stock  issuable  upon  exercise  due  to  customary  anti-
dilution provisions based on future events. the walmart warrant is classified as an equity instrument.

at december 31, 2020 and december 31, 2019, 13,094,217 and 5,819,652 of the walmart warrant Shares had vested,
respectively.    the  total  amount  of  provision  for  common  stock  warrants  recorded  as  a  reduction  of  revenue  for  the  walmart
warrant during the years ended december 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $5.0 million, $2.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively.

F-78

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

19. Revenue, as restated

Disaggregation of revenue

the following table provides information about disaggregation of revenue (in thousands):

Major products/services lines

Sales of fuel cell systems
Sale of hydrogen infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other

 net revenue

Contract balances

Year ended December 31,

2019

2018

2020

(as restated)

(as restated)

(55,091) $
(39,204)
(9,801)
26,620
(16,072)
311
(93,237) $

130,757 $
19,163
25,217
25,553
29,099
186
229,975 $

75,029
32,146
22,002
22,569
22,469
—
174,215

$

$

the following table provides information about receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with

customers (in thousands):

accounts receivable
Contract assets
Contract liabilities

$

2020

2019

$

43,041
18,189
76,285

25,768
13,251
40,743

Contract  assets  relate  to  contracts  for  which  revenue  is  recognized  on  a  straight-line  basis,  however  billings  escalate
over the life of a contract. Contract assets also include amounts recognized as revenue in advance of billings to customers, which
are dependent upon the satisfaction of another performance obligation. these amounts are included in prepaid expenses and other
assets on the consolidated balance sheet.

the contract liabilities relate to the advance consideration received from customers for services that will be recognized
over time (primarily fuel cell and related infrastructure services). Contract liabilities also include advance consideration received
from  customers  prior  to  delivery  of  products.  these  amounts  are  included  within  deferred  revenue  and  other  liabilities  on  the
consolidated balance sheet.

Significant  changes  in  the  contract  assets  and  the  contract  liabilities  balances  during  the  period  are  as  follows  (in

thousands):

Contract assets

transferred to receivables from contract assets recognized at the beginning of the period
Revenue recognized and not billed as of the end of the period
 net change in contract assets

$

$

F-79

Year ended

December 31, 2020

(5,483)
10,421
4,938

table of Contents

Contract liabilities

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

increases due to cash received, net of amounts recognized as revenue during the period
Contract liabilities assumed as part of acquisitions
Revenue recognized that was included in the contract liability balance as of the beginning
of the period
 net change in contract liabilities

$

$

Estimated future revenue

Year ended

December 31, 2020

100,492
2,350

(67,300)
35,542

the following table includes estimated revenue included in the backlog expected to be recognized in the future (sales of
fuel cell systems and hydrogen installations are expected to be recognized as revenue within one year; sales of services and PPas
are  expected  to  be  recognized  as  revenue  over  five to  seven  years)  related  to  performance  obligations  that  are  unsatisfied  (or
partially unsatisfied) at the end of the reporting period, including provision for common stock warrants (in thousands):

Estimated future revenue

Sales of fuel cell systems
Sale of hydrogen installations and other infrastructure
Services performed on fuel cell systems and related infrastructure
Power Purchase agreements
Fuel delivered to customers
other rental income

 total estimated future revenue

Contract costs

December 31,

2020

16,209
28,282
75,467
178,450
65,704
3,294
367,406

$

$

Contract costs consists of capitalized commission fees and other expenses related to obtaining or fulfilling a contract.

Capitalized contract costs at december 31, 2020 and 2019 were $1.5 million and $0.5, respectively.

20.  Employee Benefit Plans

2011 Stock Option and Incentive Plan

on May 12, 2011, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2011 Stock option and incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”).
the  2011  Plan  provided  for  the  issuance  of  up  to  a  maximum  number  of  shares  of  common  stock  equal  to  the  sum  of  (i)
1,000,000, plus (ii) the number of shares of common stock underlying any grants pursuant to the 2011 Plan or the Plug Power
inc. 1999 Stock option and incentive Plan that are forfeited, canceled, repurchased or are terminated  (other than by exercise).
the shares may be issued pursuant to stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards and certain other equity-
based awards granted to employees, directors and consultants of the Company. no grants may be made under the 2011 Plan after
May 12, 2021. through various amendments to the 2011 Plan approved by the Company’s stockholders, the number of shares of
the  Company’s  common  stock  authorized  for  issuance  under  the  2011  Plan  has  been  increased  to  42.4  million.  For  the  years
ended december 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, the Company recorded expense of approximately  $14.4 million,  $8.8 million,  and
$7.4 million, respectively, in connection with the third amended and Restated 2011 Stock option and incentive Plan.

at december 31, 2020, there were outstanding options to purchase approximately 10.2 million shares of Common Stock

and 0.8 million shares available for future awards under the 2011 Plan, including adjustments for other types of

F-80

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

share-based awards. options for employees issued under this plan generally vest in equal annual installments over three years and
expire ten years after issuance. options granted to members of the Board generally vest one year after issuance. to date, options
granted  under  the  2011  Plan  have  vesting  provisions  ranging  from  one to  three  years  in  duration  and  expire  ten  years  after
issuance.

Compensation cost associated with employee stock options represented  approximately  $6.8 million, $6.0 million, and
$6.4  million  of  the  total  share-based  payment  expense  recorded  for  the  years  ended  december  31,  2020,  2019,  and  2018,
respectively. the Company estimates the fair value of stock options using a Black-Scholes valuation model, and the resulting fair
value is recorded as compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the option vesting period. Key inputs and assumptions used to
estimate the fair value of stock options include the grant price of the award, the expected option term, volatility of the Company’s
stock, an appropriate risk-free rate, and the Company’s dividend yield. estimates of fair value are not intended to predict actual
future events or the value ultimately realized by employees who receive equity awards, and subsequent events are not indicative
of  the  reasonableness  of  the  original  estimates  of  fair  value  made  by  the  Company.  the  assumptions  made  for  purposes  of
estimating fair value under the Black-Scholes model for the 3,509,549, 3,221,892 and 2,679,667 options granted during the years
ended december 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, were as follows:

expected term of options (years)
Risk free interest rate
Volatility

2020
6
0.37% - 1.37%
64.19% - 68.18%

2019
6
1.52% - 2.53%
69.32% - 87.94%

2018
6
2.81% - 2.88%
98.31% - 98.89%

there was no expected dividend yield for the employee stock options granted.

the Company used the simplified method in determining its expected term of all its stock option grants in all periods
presented. the simplified method was used because the Company does not believe historical exercise data provides a reasonable
basis  for  the  expected  term  of  its  grants,  due  primarily  to  the  limited  number  of  stock  option  exercises  that  occurred.    the
Company  expects  to  cease  using  the  simplified  method  to  determine  its  expected  term  for  stock  option  grants  in  2021.    the
estimated  stock  price  volatility  was  derived  from  the  Company’s  actual  historic  stock  prices  over  the  past  six  years,  which
represents the Company’s best estimate of expected volatility.

a summary of stock option activity for the year december 31, 2020 is as follows (in thousands except share amounts):

options outstanding at december 31, 2019
Granted
exercised
Forfeited
expired
options outstanding at december 31, 2020
options exercisable at december 31, 2020
options unvested at december 31, 2020

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

     Weighted     
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Terms

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

2.48
12.79
2.55
6.32
4.78
5.78
2.31
8.07

6.6
—
—
—
—
7.8
5.8
9.1

$

$

$

22,277
—
—
—
—
289,316
129,068
160,248

Shares
23,013,590
3,509,549
(16,159,742)
(73,249)
(5,650)
10,284,498
4,084,124
6,200,374

$

$

$

the weighted  average  grant-date  fair  value  of  options granted  during  the  years  ended december  31, 2020, 2019, and
2018 was $7.22, $1.67, and $1.55, respectively. as of december 31, 2020, there was approximately $8.1 million of unrecognized
compensation cost related to stock option awards to be recognized over the next three years. the total fair value of stock options
that vested during the years ended december 31, 2020 and 2019 was approximately $5.9 million and $6.1 million, respectively.

Restricted stock awards generally vest in equal installments over a period of one to three years. Restricted stock awards
are valued based on the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, and compensation cost is recorded on
a straight-line basis over the share vesting period. the Company recorded expense associated with its restricted stock awards of
approximately $7.6 million, $2.8 million, and $966 thousand, for the years ended december 31,

F-81

    
    
    
    
    
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

2020,  2019,  and  2018,  respectively.  additionally,  for  the  years  ended  december  31,  2020,  2019,  and  2018,  there  was  $41.5
million, $8.4 million, and $3.9 million respectively, of unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock awards to be
recognized over the next three years.

a summary of restricted stock activity for the year ended december 31, 2020 is as follows (in thousands except share

amounts):

unvested restricted stock at december 31, 2019
Granted
Vested
Forfeited
unvested restricted stock at december 31, 2020

401(k) Savings & Retirement Plan

Shares
4,608,560
3,227,149
(1,896,901)
(64,166)
5,874,642

$

$

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

—
—
—

199,209

the  Company  offers  a  401(k)  Savings  &  Retirement  Plan  to  eligible  employees  meeting  certain  age  and  service
requirements.  this  plan  permits  participants  to  contribute  100%  of  their  salary,  up  to  the  maximum  allowable  by  the  internal
Revenue  Service  regulations.  Participants  are  immediately  vested  in  their  voluntary  contributions  plus  actual  earnings  or  less
actual  losses  thereon.  Participants  are  vested  in  the  Company’s  matching  contribution  based  on  years  of  service  completed.
Participants are fully vested upon completion of three years of service. during 2018, the Company began funding its matching
contribution  in  a  combination  of  cash  and  common  stock.  accordingly,  the  Company  has  issued  403,474  shares  and  841,539
shares of common stock to the Plug Power inc. 401(k) Savings & Retirement Plan during 2020 and 2019, respectively.

the Company’s expense for this plan was approximately $2.6 million, $1.9 million, and $1.8 million for the years ended

december 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively.
Non-Employee Director Compensation

each  non-employee  director  is  paid  an  annual  retainer  for  their  services,  in  the  form  of  either  cash  or  stock
compensation. the Company granted 36,175, 114,285, and 107,389 shares of stock to non-employee directors as compensation
for  the  years  ended  december  31,  2020,  2019, and  2018,  respectively.  all  common  stock  issued  is  fully  vested  at  the  time  of
issuance and is valued at fair value on the date of issuance. the Company’s share-based compensation expense for this plan was
approximately  $228  thousand,  $243  thousand,  and  $261  thousand  for  the  years  ended  december  31,  2020,  2019,  and  2018,
respectively.

21. Income Taxes, as restated

the components of loss before income taxes and the income tax benefit for the years ended december 31, 2020, 2019,

and 2018, by jurisdiction, are as follows (in thousands):

loss before income taxes
income tax benefit
net loss attributable to the Company

  $

  $

2020

     Foreign     

U.S.
(624,302)  $ (2,698)  $ (627,000)  $ (82,188)  $ (1,555)  $ (83,743)  $ (93,497)  $ (1,407)  $ (94,903)
9,295
(593,457)  $ (2,698)  $ (596,155)  $ (82,188)  $ (1,555)  $ (83,743)  $ (84,201)  $ (1,407)  $ (85,608)

     U.S.

     U.S.

30,845

30,845

Total

9,295

—

—

—

—

—

2019
(as restated)
     Foreign      Total

2018
(as restated)
     Foreign      Total

F-82

    
    
 
 
    
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

the significant components of deferred income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended december 31, 2020, 2019, and

2018, by jurisdiction, are as follows (in thousands):

deferred tax (benefit) expense
net operating loss carryforward generated
Valuation allowance increase (decrease)
Benefit for income taxes

U.S.

(31,408)
(51,849)
52,412
(30,845)

$

$

2020
     Foreign     

Total

     U.S.

2019
(as restated)
     Foreign      Total

     U.S.

2018
(as restated)
     Foreign      Total

$

$

(67)
(438)
505
$ — $

(31,475)
(52,287)
52,917
(30,845)

$

$ (10,621)
(5,099)
15,720

(426)
(270)
696

$ (11,047)
(5,369)
16,416

$

— $

— $

— $

$ (11,745)
(10,321)
12,771
(9,295)

$

933
(665)
(268)
$ — $

$ (10,812)
(10,986)
12,503
(9,295)

the Company’s effective income tax rate differed from the federal statutory rate as follows:

u.S. Federal statutory tax rate
deferred state taxes
Common stock warrant liability
other, net
Change in valuation allowance

2020

(21.0)%  
(2.3)%  
13.4 %  
(3.4)%  
8.4 %  
(4.9)%

2019     
(21.0)%  
1.4 %  
— %  
(0.5)%  
20.1 %  
0.0 %  

2018
(21.0)%
(1.9)%
(1.0)%
0.9 %
13.2 %
(9.8)%

deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of certain assets
and liabilities for financial reporting and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s
deferred tax assets and liabilities as of december 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows (in thousands):

intangible assets
deferred revenue
interest expense
other reserves and accruals
tax credit carryforwards
amortization of stock-based compensation
non-compensatory warrants
Capitalized research & development expenditures
Right of use liability (operating leases)
net operating loss carryforwards
total deferred tax asset
Valuation allowance
net deferred tax assets
intangible assets
Convertible debt
Right of use asset (operating leases)
other reserves and accruals
Property, plant and equipment and right of use assets
deferred tax liability
net

U.S.

2019
(as restated)

2020

2020

$

— $

— $

16,082
21,183
5,087
4,360
3,900
5,020
30,870
27,715
110,978
225,195
(154,467)
70,728
(7,360)
(27,420)
(27,684)
—
(9,191)
(71,655)
(927)

$

$
$

$

$
$

7,922
10,216
1,504
2,590
9,081
4,322
22,601
22,647
54,438
135,321
(102,055)
33,266
(15)
(6,592)
(23,040)
—
(3,619)
(33,266)

$

$
— $

Foreign

Total

$

2019
(as restated)
1,197
$
129
—
—
1,253
—
—
4,483
—
9,576
16,638
(16,622)
16
—
—
—
(16)
—
(16)
$
— $

$

$

1,197
192
—
—
1,253
—
—
4,483
—
10,014
17,139
(17,127)
12
—
—
—
(12)
—
(12)
$
— $

2020

1,197
16,274
21,183
5,087
5,613
3,900
5,020
35,353
27,715
120,992
242,334
(171,594)
70,740
(7,360)
(27,420)
(27,684)
(12)
(9,191)
(71,667)
(927)

2019
(as restated)
1,197
8,051
10,216
1,504
3,843
9,081
4,322
27,084
22,647
64,014
151,959
(118,677)
33,282
(15)
(6,592)
(23,040)
(16)
(3,619)
(33,282)
—

$

$

$
$

the Company has recorded a valuation allowance, as a result of uncertainties related to the realization of its net deferred
tax asset, at december 31, 2020 and 2019 of approximately $171.6 million and $118.7 million, respectively. a reconciliation of
the current year change in valuation allowance is as follows (in thousands):

increase in valuation allowance for current year increase in net operating losses
increase (decrease) in valuation allowance for current year net increase (decrease)
in deferred tax assets other than net operating losses
decrease in valuation allowance as a result of foreign currency fluctuation
increase in valuation allowance due to change in tax rates
net increase in valuation allowance

U.S.
51,848

(5,742)
6,306
—
52,412

$

$

$

$

Foreign     

Total
51,848

$

133
—
372
505

(5,609)
6,306
372
52,917

$

F-83

    
    
    
 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
 
table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

the  deferred  tax  assets  have  been  offset  by  a  full  valuation  allowance  because  it  is  more  likely  than  not  that  the  tax

benefits of the net operating loss carryforwards and other deferred tax assets may not be realized due to cumulative losses.

under Section 382 of the internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), the use of loss carryforwards may
be limited if a change in ownership of a company occurs. if it is determined that due to transactions involving the Company’s
shares owned by its 5 percent or greater stockholders a change of ownership has occurred under the provisions of Section 382 of
the Code, the Company's federal and state nol carryforwards could be subject to significant Section 382 limitations.

 Based on studies of the changes in ownership of the Company, it has been determined that an ownership change under
Section 382 of the Code occurred in 2013 that limited the amount of pre-change nol that can be used in future years to $13.5
million.  these  nol  carryforwards  will  expire,  if  unused,  at  various  dates  from  2020  through  2033.  nols  of  $450.9  million
incurred after the most recent ownership change are not subject to Section 382 of the Code and are available for use in future
years. accordingly, the Company's deferred tax assets include $464.4 million of u.S. net operating loss carryforwards. the nol
carryforwards available at december 31, 2020, include $205.2 million of nol that was generated in 2020, $25.0 million of net
operating  loss  that  was generated  in  2019 and  $43.4  million  of  nol that  was  generated  in  2018 that  do not  expire  (2019  and
2018 as restated). the remainder, if unused, will expire at various dates from 2032 through 2037.

approximately $4.4 million of research credit carryforwards generated after the most recent iRC Section 382 ownership
change  are  included  in  the  Company's  deferred  tax  assets.  due  to  limitations  under  iRC  Section  382,  research  credit
carryforwards existing prior to the most recent iRC Section 382 ownership change will not be used and are not reflected in the
Company's  gross  deferred  tax  asset  at  december  31,  2020.  the  remaining  credit  carryforwards  will  expire  during  the  periods
2033 through 2040.

at  december  31,  2020,  the  Company  has  unused  Canadian  net  operating  loss  carryforwards  of  approximately  $14.0
million. the net operating loss carryforwards if unused will expire at various dates from 2026 through 2034. at december 31,
2020, the Company has Scientific Research and experimental development (“SR&ed”) expenditures of $17.2 million available
to  offset  future  taxable  income.    these  SR&ed  expenditures  have  no  expiry  date.    at  december  31,  2020,  the  Company  has
Canadian itC credit carryforwards of $1.3 million available to offset future income tax.  these credit carryforwards if unused
will expire at various dates from 2022 through 2028.  

at  december  31,  2020,  the  Company  has  unused  French  net  operating  loss  carryforwards  of  approximately  $21.3

million. the net operating loss may carryforward indefinitely or until the Company changes its activity.

as of december 31, 2020, the Company has no un-repatriated foreign earnings or unrecognized tax benefits.

the Company files income tax returns in the u.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions.  in the
normal course of business, the Company is subject to examination by taxing authorities. open tax years in the uS range from
2017  and  forward.  open  tax  years  in  the  foreign  jurisdictions  range  from  2010  to  2019.    however,  upon  examination  in
subsequent years, if net operating losses carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards are utilized, the uS and foreign jurisdictions
can reduce net operating loss carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards utilized in the year being examined if they do not agree
with  the  carryforward  amount.  as  of  december  31,  2020,  the  Company  was  not  under  audit  in  the  u.S.  or  non-u.S.  taxing
jurisdictions.

the Company recognized an income tax benefit for the year ended december 31, 2020 of $30.8 million resulting from a
source of future taxable income attributable to the net credit to additional paid-in capital of $25.6 million related to the issuance
of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes,  offset  by  the  partial  extinguishment  of  the  5.5%  Convertible  Senior  notes  and  $5.2
million of income tax benefit for the year ended december 31, 2020 related to the recognition of net deferred tax liabilities in
connection  with  the  Giner  elX  acquisition.  this  resulted  in  a  corresponding  reduction  in  our  deferred  tax  asset  valuation
allowance. the Company has not changed its overall conclusion with respect to the need for a valuation allowance against its net
deferred tax assets, which remain fully reserved.

F-84

table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

22.  Commitments and Contingencies, as restated

Restricted Cash

in  connection  with  certain  of  the  above  noted  sale/leaseback  agreements,  cash  of  $169.0  million  was  required  to  be
restricted as security as of december 31, 2020, which restricted cash will be released over the lease term. as of december 31,
2020, the Company also had certain letters of credit backed by security deposits totaling $152.4 million that are security for the
above noted sale/leaseback agreements.

the Company also had letters of credit in the aggregate amount of $0.5 million at december 31, 2020 associated with a

finance obligation from the sale/leaseback of its building. we consider cash collateralizing this letter of credit as restricted cash.

Litigation

legal  matters  are  defended  and  handled  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business.  liabilities  for  loss  contingencies  arising
from claims, assessments, litigation, fines, and penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has
been  incurred  and  the  amount  can  be  reasonably  estimated.  legal  costs  incurred  in  connection  with  loss  contingencies  are
expensed as incurred.  the Company has not recorded any accruals related to any legal matters.  

Concentrations of credit risk

Concentrations of credit risk with respect to receivables exist due to the limited number of select customers with whom
the Company has initial commercial sales arrangements. to mitigate credit risk, the Company performs appropriate evaluation of
a prospective customer’s financial condition.

at  december  31,  2020,  three  customers  comprised  approximately  73.9%  of  the  total  accounts  receivable  balance.  at

december 31, 2019, two customers comprised approximately 62.6% of the total accounts receivable balance.

on  december  31,  2020,  the  Company  waived  the  remaining  vesting  conditions  under  the  amazon  warrant,    which
resulted in a reduction in revenue of $399.7 million, which resulted in negative consolidated revenue of $93.2 million for the year
ended december 31, 2020. See note 18, “warrant transaction agreements,” to the consolidated financial statements for further
information. total revenue in 2020 for this customer was negative $310.1 million. For the year ended december 31, 2020, this
customer  accounted  for  (332.4)%  of  our  total  consolidated  revenues  which  included  a  provision  for  warrant  charge  of  $420.0
million, which was recorded as a reduction of revenue. additionally, 156.2% of our total consolidated revenues were associated
primarily with two other customers. For the year ended december 31, 2019 49.7% of total consolidated revenues were associated
primarily  with  two  customers,  as  restated.  For  the  year  ended  december  31,  2018  66.8%  of  total  consolidated  revenues  were
associated  primarily  with  two  customers,  as  restated.  For  purposes  of  assigning  a  customer  to  a  sale/leaseback  transaction
completed  with  a  financial  institution,  the  Company  considers  the  end  user  of  the  assets  to  be  the  ultimate  customer.  at
december 31, 2020, three customers comprised approximately 73.9% of the total accounts receivable balance. at december 31,
2019, two customers comprised approximately 62.6% of the total accounts receivable balance.

23. Subsequent Events

Capital Raise

in January and February 2021, the Company issued and sold in a registered equity offering an aggregate of 32,200,000

shares of its common stock at a purchase price of $65.00 per share for net proceeds of approximately $1.8 billion.

3.75% Convertible Senior Notes

during  January  and  February  of  2021,  $15.2  million  of  the  3.75%  Convertible  Senior  notes  were  converted  and  the

Company has issued 3.0 million shares in conjunction with these conversions.

F-85

table of Contents

Strategic Investment

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

in  February  2021,  the  Company  completed  the  previously  announced  sale  of  its  common  stock  in  connection  with  a
strategic partnership with SK holdings to accelerate the use of hydrogen as an alternative energy source in asian markets. the
Company sold 54,966,188 shares of its common stock to a subsidiary of SK holdings at a purchase price of $29.2893 per share,
or an aggregate purchase price of approximately $1.6 billion.

F-86

table of Contents

Pursuant  to  the  requirements  of  Section  13  or  15(d)  of  the  Securities  exchange  act  of  1934,  the  registrant  has  duly

caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

PluG PoweR inC.

By:

/s/ andRew MaRSh
andrew Marsh
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director

date: May 13, 2021

F-87

FOURTH AMENDED AND RESTATED

Exhibit 3.9

BY-LAWS

OF

PLUG POWER INC. 
(the “Corporation”)

Adopted by the Board of Directors on [•] of April, 2021

Article I 

Stockholders

SeCtion 1 annual Meeting.

the annual meeting of stockholders (any such meeting being referred to in these By-laws as

an “annual Meeting”) shall be held at the hour, date and place within or without the united States
which is fixed by the majority of the Board of directors, the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected,
or the President, which time, date and place may subsequently be changed at any time by vote of the
Board of directors.  if no annual Meeting has been held for a period of thirteen months after the
Corporation’s last annual Meeting, a special meeting in lieu thereof may be held, and such special
meeting shall have, for the purposes of these By-laws or otherwise, all the force and effect of an
annual Meeting.  any and all references hereafter in these By-laws to an annual Meeting or annual
Meetings also shall be deemed to refer to any special meeting(s) in lieu thereof.

SeCtion 2 notice of Stockholder Business and nominations.

(a)

annual Meetings of Stockholders.

(1)

nominations of persons for election to the Board of directors of the

Corporation and the proposal of other business to be considered by the stockholders may be brought
before an annual Meeting (i) by or at the direction of the Board of directors or (ii) by any
stockholder of the Corporation who was a stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice
provided for in these By-laws, who is entitled to vote at the meeting, who is present (in person or by
proxy) at the meeting and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in these By-laws as to
such nomination or business.  For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing clause (ii) shall be the
exclusive means for a stockholder to bring nominations or business properly before an annual
Meeting (other than matters properly brought under Rule 14a-8 (or any successor rule) under the
Securities exchange act of 1934, as amended (the “exchange act”)), and such stockholder must
comply with the notice and other procedures set forth in article i, Section 2(a)(2) and (3) of these By-
laws to bring such nominations or business properly before an annual Meeting.  in addition to the
other requirements set forth in these By-laws, for any proposal of business to be considered at an
annual Meeting, it must be a proper subject for action by stockholders of the Corporation under
delaware law.

 
(2)

For nominations or other business to be properly brought before an annual
Meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (ii) of article i, Section 2(a)(1) of these By-laws, the
stockholder must (i) have given timely notice (as defined below) thereof in writing to the Secretary
of the Corporation, (ii) have provided any updates or supplements to such notice at the times and in
the forms required by these By-laws and (iii) together with the beneficial owner(s), if any, on whose
behalf the nomination or business proposal is made, have acted in accordance with the
representations set forth in the Solicitation Statement (as defined below) required by these By-laws. 
to be timely, a stockholder’s written notice shall be received by the Secretary at the principal
executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the ninetieth (90th) day
nor earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth (120th) day prior to the one-year
anniversary of the preceding year’s annual Meeting; provided, however, that in the event the annual
Meeting is first convened more than thirty (30) days before or more than sixty (60) days after such
anniversary date, or if no annual Meeting were held in the preceding year, notice by the stockholder
to be timely must be received by the Secretary of the Corporation not later than the close of business
on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to the scheduled date of such annual Meeting or the tenth
(10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made
(such notice within such time periods shall be referred to as “timely notice”).  Such stockholder’s
timely notice shall set forth:

(a)

as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for
election or reelection as a director, all information relating to such person that is required to be
disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of directors in an election contest, or is otherwise
required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14a under the exchange act (including such person’s
written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if
elected);

(B)

as to any other business that the stockholder proposes to bring before
the meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons
for conducting such business at the meeting, and any material interest in such business of each
Proposing Person (as defined below);

(C)

(i) the name and address of the stockholder giving the notice, as they
appear on the Corporation’s books, and the names and addresses of the other Proposing Persons (if
any) and (ii) as to each Proposing Person, the following information: (a) the class or series and
number of all shares of capital stock of the Corporation which are, directly or indirectly, owned
beneficially or of record by such Proposing Person or any of its affiliates or associates (as such terms
are defined in Rule 12b-2 promulgated under the exchange act), including any shares of any class or
series of capital stock of the Corporation as to which such Proposing Person or any of its affiliates or
associates has a right to acquire beneficial ownership at any time in the future, (b) all Synthetic
equity interests (as defined below) in which such Proposing Person or any of its affiliates or
associates, directly or indirectly, holds an interest including a description of the material terms of
each such Synthetic equity interest, including without limitation, identification of the counterparty to
each such Synthetic equity interest and disclosure, for each such Synthetic equity interest, as to (x)
whether or not such Synthetic equity interest conveys any voting rights, directly or indirectly, in such
shares to such Proposing Person, (y) whether or not such Synthetic equity interest is required to be,
or is capable of being,

settled through delivery of such shares and (z) whether or not such Proposing Person and/or, to the
extent known, the counterparty to such Synthetic equity interest has entered into other transactions
that hedge or mitigate the economic effect of such Synthetic equity interest, (c) any proxy (other than
a revocable proxy given in response to a public proxy solicitation made pursuant to, and in
accordance with, the exchange act), agreement, arrangement, understanding or relationship pursuant
to which such Proposing Person has or shares a right to, directly or indirectly, vote any shares of any
class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, (d) any rights to dividends or other distributions on
the shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, directly or indirectly, owned
beneficially by such Proposing Person that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of
the Corporation, and (e) any performance-related fees (other than an asset based fee) that such
Proposing Person, directly or indirectly, is entitled to based on any increase or decrease in the value
of shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation or any Synthetic equity interests
(the disclosures to be made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (a) through (e) are referred to,
collectively, as “Material ownership interests”) and (iii) a description of the material terms of all
agreements, arrangements or understandings (whether or not in writing) entered into by any
Proposing Person or any of its affiliates or associates with any other person for the purpose of
acquiring, holding, disposing or voting of any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the
Corporation;

(d)

(i) a description of all agreements, arrangements or understandings by

and among any of the Proposing Persons, or by and among any Proposing Persons and any other
person (including with any proposed nominee(s)), pertaining to the nomination(s) or other business
proposed to be brought before the meeting of stockholders (which description shall identify the name
of each other person who is party to such an agreement, arrangement or understanding), and (ii)
identification of the names and addresses of other stockholders (including beneficial owners) known
by any of the Proposing Persons to support such nominations or other business proposal(s), and to the
extent known the class and number of all shares of the Corporation’s capital stock owned beneficially
or of record by such other stockholder(s) or other beneficial owner(s); and

(e)

a statement whether or not the stockholder giving the notice and/or the
other Proposing Person(s), if any, will deliver a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of, in
the case of a business proposal, at least the percentage of voting power of all of the shares of capital
stock of the Corporation required under applicable law to approve the proposal or, in the case of a
nomination or nominations, at least the percentage of voting power of all of the shares of capital stock
of the Corporation reasonably believed by such Proposing Person to be sufficient to elect the nominee
or nominees proposed to be nominated by such stockholder (such statement, the “Solicitation
Statement”).

For purposes of this article i of these By-laws, the term “Proposing Person” shall mean the

following persons: (i) the stockholder of record providing the notice of nominations or business
proposed to be brought before a stockholders’ meeting, and (ii) the beneficial owner(s), if different,
on whose behalf the nominations or business proposed to be brought before a stockholders’ meeting
is made.  For purposes of this Section 2 of article i of these By-laws, the term “Synthetic equity
interest” shall mean any transaction, agreement or arrangement (or series of transactions, agreements
or arrangements), including, without limitation, any derivative, swap, hedge, repurchase or so-called
“stock borrowing” agreement or arrangement, the purpose or

effect of which is to, directly or indirectly:  (a) give a person or entity economic benefit and/or risk 
similar to ownership of shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, in whole or in 
part, including due to the fact that such transaction, agreement or arrangement provides, directly or 
indirectly, the opportunity to profit or avoid a loss from any increase or decrease in the value of any 
shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, (b) mitigate loss to, reduce the 
economic risk of or manage the risk of share price changes for, any person or entity with respect to 
any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, (c) otherwise provide in any 
manner the opportunity to profit or avoid a loss from any decrease in the value of any shares of any 
class or series of capital stock of the Corporation, or (d) increase or decrease the voting power of any 
person or entity with respect to any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation.

(3)

a stockholder providing timely notice of nominations or business proposed to

be brought before an annual Meeting shall further update and supplement such notice, if necessary,
so that the information (including, without limitation, the Material ownership interests information)
provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to these By-laws shall be true and correct
as of the record date for the meeting and as of the date that is ten (10) business days prior to such
annual Meeting, and such update and supplement shall be received by the Secretary at the principal
executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the fifth (5th) business day
after the record date for the annual Meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be
made as of the record date), and not later than the close of business on the eighth (8th) business day
prior to the date of the annual Meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made
as of ten (10) business days prior to the meeting).

(4)

notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of article i, Section 2(a)(2)
of these By-laws to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board
of directors of the Corporation is increased and there is no public announcement naming all of the
nominees for director or specifying the size of the increased Board of directors made by the
Corporation at least ten (10) days before the last day a stockholder may deliver a notice of
nomination in accordance with the second sentence of article i, Section 2(a)(2), a stockholder’s
notice required by these By-laws shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees
for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be received by the Secretary of the
Corporation not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which
such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.

(b)

General.

(1)

only such persons who are nominated in accordance with the provisions of

these By-laws shall be eligible for election and to serve as directors and only such business shall be
conducted at an annual Meeting as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with
the provisions of these By-laws.  the Board of directors or a designated committee thereof shall have
the power to determine whether a nomination or any business proposed to be brought before the
meeting was made in accordance with the provisions of these By-laws.  if neither the Board of
directors nor such designated committee makes a determination as to whether any stockholder
proposal or nomination was made in accordance with the

provisions of these By-laws, the presiding officer of the annual Meeting shall have the power and 
duty to determine whether the stockholder proposal or nomination was made in accordance with the 
provisions of these By-laws.  if the Board of directors or a designated committee thereof or the 
presiding officer, as applicable, determines that any stockholder proposal or nomination was not 
made in accordance with the provisions of these By-laws, such proposal or nomination shall be 
disregarded and shall not be presented for action at the annual Meeting.

(2)

except as otherwise required by law, nothing in this article i, Section 2 shall

obligate the Corporation or the Board of directors to include in any proxy statement or other
stockholder communication distributed on behalf of the Corporation or the Board of directors
information with respect to any nominee for director or any other matter of business submitted by a
stockholder.

(3)

notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this article i, Section 2, if the

proposing stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the annual
Meeting to present a nomination or any business, such nomination or business shall be disregarded,
notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Corporation.  For
purposes of this article i, Section 2, to be considered a qualified representative of the proposing
stockholder, a person must be authorized by a written instrument executed by such stockholder or an
electronic transmission delivered by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as proxy at the
meeting of stockholders and such person must produce such written instrument or electronic
transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the written instrument or electronic transmission, to the
presiding officer at the meeting of stockholders.

(4)

For purposes of these By-laws, “public announcement” shall mean disclosure
in a press release reported by the dow Jones news Service, associated Press or comparable national
news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and exchange
Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the exchange act.

(5)

notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of these By-laws, a stockholder shall

also comply with all applicable requirements of the exchange act and the rules and regulations
thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in these By-laws.  nothing in these By-laws shall be
deemed to affect any rights of (i) stockholders to have proposals included in the Corporation’s proxy
statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor rule) under the exchange act and, to the extent
required by such rule, have such proposals considered and voted on at an annual Meeting or (ii) the
holders of any series of preferred stock to elect directors under specified circumstances.

SeCtion 3 Special Meetings.  except as otherwise required by statute and subject to the
rights, if any, of the holders of any series of preferred stock, special meetings of the stockholders of
the Corporation may be called only by the Board of directors acting pursuant to a resolution
approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office.  the Board of directors
may postpone or reschedule any previously scheduled special meeting of stockholders. only those
matters set forth in the notice of the special meeting may be considered or acted upon at a special
meeting of stockholders of the Corporation.  nominations of persons for election to the Board of
directors of the Corporation and stockholder proposals of other business shall not be brought before a
special meeting of stockholders to be considered by the

stockholders unless such special meeting is held in lieu of an annual meeting of stockholders in
accordance with article i, Section 1 of these By-laws, in which case such special meeting in lieu
thereof shall be deemed an annual Meeting for purposes of these By-laws and the provisions of
article i, Section 2 of these By-laws shall govern such special meeting.

SeCtion 4 notice of Meetings; adjournments.

a notice of each annual Meeting stating the hour, date and place, if any, of such annual 

Meeting and the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders 
may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such annual Meeting, shall be given by the 
Secretary or an assistant Secretary (or other person authorized by these By-laws or by-law) not less 
than ten (10) days nor more than sixty (60) days before the annual Meeting, to each stockholder 
entitled to vote thereat and to each stockholder who, by law or under the Certificate of incorporation 
of the Corporation (as the same may hereafter be amended and/or restated, the “Certificate”) or under 
these By-laws, is entitled to such notice, by delivering such notice to such stockholder or by mailing 
it, postage prepaid, addressed to such stockholder at the address of such stockholder as it appears on 
the Corporation’s stock transfer books.  without limiting the manner by which notice may otherwise 
be given to stockholders, any notice to stockholders may be given by electronic transmission in the 
manner provided in Section 232 of the delaware General Corporation law (“dGCl”).

notice of all special meetings of stockholders shall be given in the same manner as provided

for annual Meetings, except that the notice of all special meetings shall state the purpose or purposes
for which the meeting has been called.

notice of an annual Meeting or special meeting of stockholders need not be given to a
stockholder if a waiver of notice is executed, or waiver of notice by electronic transmission is
provided, before or after such meeting by such stockholder or if such stockholder attends such
meeting, unless such attendance is for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the
meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting was not lawfully called or convened. 
neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any annual Meeting or special meeting of
stockholders need be specified in any waiver of notice.

the Board of directors may postpone and reschedule any previously scheduled annual

Meeting or special meeting of stockholders and any record date with respect thereto, regardless of
whether any notice or public disclosure with respect to any such meeting has been sent or made
pursuant to Section 2 of this article i of these By-laws or otherwise.   in no event shall the public
announcement of an adjournment, postponement or rescheduling of any previously scheduled
meeting of stockholders commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice under
this article i of these By-laws.

when any meeting is convened, the presiding officer may adjourn the meeting if (a) no

quorum is present for the transaction of business, (b) the Board of directors determines that
adjournment is necessary or appropriate to enable the stockholders to consider fully information
which the Board of directors determines has not been made sufficiently or timely available to
stockholders, or (c) the Board of directors determines that adjournment is otherwise in the best
interests of the Corporation.  when any annual Meeting or special meeting of stockholders is

adjourned to another hour, date or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting other than 
an announcement at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken of the hour, date and place, if any, 
to which the meeting is adjourned and the means of remote communication, if any, by which 
stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned 
meeting; provided, however, that if the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days from the 
meeting date, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, notice 
of the adjourned meeting and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders 
and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting shall be 
given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote thereat and each stockholder who, by law or under 
the Certificate or these By-laws, is entitled to such notice.

SeCtion 5 Quorum.

a majority of the shares entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, shall
constitute a quorum at any meeting of stockholders.  if less than a quorum is present at a meeting, the
holders of voting stock representing a majority of the voting power present at the meeting or the
presiding officer may adjourn the meeting from time to time, and the meeting may be held as
adjourned without further notice, except as provided in Section 4 of this article i.  at such adjourned
meeting at which a quorum is present, any business may be transacted which might have been
transacted at the meeting as originally noticed.  the stockholders present at a duly constituted
meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of
enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.

SeCtion 6 Voting and Proxies.

Stockholders shall have one vote for each share of stock entitled to vote owned by them of

record according to the books of the Corporation, unless otherwise provided by law or by the
Certificate.  Stockholders may vote either (i) in person, (ii) by written proxy or (iii) by a transmission
permitted by Section 212(c) of the dGCl.  any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reliable
reproduction of the writing or transmission permitted by Section 212(c) of the dGCl may be
substituted for or used in lieu of the original writing or transmission for any and all purposes for
which the original writing or transmission could be used, provided that such copy, facsimile
telecommunication or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original
writing or transmission.  Proxies shall be filed in accordance with the procedures established for the
meeting of stockholders.  except as otherwise limited therein or as otherwise provided by law,
proxies authorizing a person to vote at a specific meeting shall entitle the persons authorized thereby
to vote at any adjournment of such meeting, but they shall not be valid after final adjournment of
such meeting.  a proxy with respect to stock held in the name of two or more persons shall be valid if
executed by or on behalf of any one of them unless at or prior to the exercise of the proxy the
Corporation receives a specific written notice to the contrary from any one of them.

SeCtion 7 action at Meeting.

when a quorum is present at any meeting of stockholders, any matter before any meeting of

stockholders (other than an election of a director or directors) shall be decided by a majority

of the votes properly cast for and against such matter, except where a larger vote is required by law,
by the Certificate or by these By-laws.  any election of directors by stockholders shall be determined
by a plurality of the votes properly cast on the election of directors.  the Corporation shall not
directly or indirectly vote any shares of its own stock; provided, however, that the Corporation may
vote shares which it holds in a fiduciary capacity to the extent permitted by law.

SeCtion 8 Stockholder lists.

the Secretary or an assistant Secretary (or the Corporation’s transfer agent or other person
authorized by these By-laws or by law) shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before every
annual Meeting or special meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to
vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and
the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder.  Such list shall be open to the
examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business
hours, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting in the manner provided by law.  the
list shall also be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting as
provided by law.

SeCtion 9 Presiding officer.

the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, or if not elected or in his or her absence, the

President, shall preside at all annual Meetings or special meetings of stockholders and shall have the
power, among other things, to adjourn such meeting at any time and from time to time, subject to
Sections 4 and 5 of this article i.  the order of business and all other matters of procedure at any
meeting of the stockholders shall be determined by the presiding officer.

SeCtion 10 Voting Procedures and inspectors of elections.

the Corporation shall, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, appoint one or more

inspectors to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof.  the Corporation may designate
one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act.  if no inspector
or alternate is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the presiding officer shall appoint one or more
inspectors to act at the meeting.  any inspector may, but need not, be an officer, employee or agent of
the Corporation.  each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take
and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to
the best of his or her ability.  the inspectors shall perform such duties as are required by the dGCl,
including the counting of all votes and ballots.  the inspectors may appoint or retain other persons or
entities to assist the inspectors in the performance of the duties of the inspectors.  the presiding
officer may review all determinations made by the inspectors, and in so doing the presiding officer
shall be entitled to exercise his or her sole judgment and discretion and he or she shall not be bound
by any determinations made by the inspectors.  all determinations by the inspectors and, if
applicable, the presiding officer, shall be subject to further review by any court of competent
jurisdiction.

Article II 

directors

SeCtion 1 Powers.

the business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the

Board of directors except as otherwise provided by the Certificate or required by law.

SeCtion 2 number and terms.

Subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of any series of preferred stock, the number of

directors of the Corporation shall be fixed by resolution duly adopted from time to time by the Board
of directors.  the directors shall hold office in the manner provided in the Certificate.

SeCtion 3 Qualification.

no director need be a stockholder of the Corporation.

SeCtion 4 Vacancies.

Subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of any series of preferred stock to elect directors
and to fill vacancies in the Board of directors relating thereto, any and all vacancies in the Board of
directors, however occurring, including, without limitation, by reason of an increase in size of the
Board of directors, or the death, resignation, disqualification or removal of a director, shall be filled
solely by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors then in office, even if less than
a quorum of the Board of directors.  any director appointed in accordance with the preceding
sentence shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the new
directorship was created or the vacancy occurred and until such director’s successor shall have been
duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal.  Subject to the rights, if
any, of the holders of any series of preferred stock to elect directors, when the number of directors is
increased or decreased, the Board of directors shall determine the class or classes to which the
increased or decreased number of directors shall be apportioned; provided, however, that no decrease
in the number of directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent director.  in the event of a vacancy
in the Board of directors, the remaining directors, except as otherwise provided by law, may exercise
the powers of the full Board of directors until the vacancy is filled.

SeCtion 5 Removal.

directors may be removed from office in the manner provided in the Certificate.

SeCtion 6 Resignation.

a director may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Chairman of the Board, if

one is elected, the President or the Secretary.  a resignation shall be effective upon receipt, unless the
resignation otherwise provides.

 
SeCtion 7 Regular Meetings.

the regular annual meeting of the Board of directors shall be held, without notice other than
this Section 7, on the same date and at the same place as the annual Meeting following the close of
such meeting of stockholders.  other regular meetings of the Board of directors may be held at such
hour, date and place as the Board of directors may by resolution from time to time determine without
notice other than such resolution.

SeCtion 8 Special Meetings.

Special meetings of the Board of directors may be called, orally or in writing, by or at the

request of a majority of the directors, the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, or the President. 
the person calling any such special meeting of the Board of directors may fix the hour, date and
place thereof.

SeCtion 9 notice of Meetings.

notice of the hour, date and place of all special meetings of the Board of directors shall be

given to each director by the Secretary or an assistant Secretary, or in case of the death, absence,
incapacity or refusal of such persons, by the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, or the President
or such other officer designated by the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, or the President. 
notice of any special meeting of the Board of directors shall be given to each director in person, by
telephone, or by facsimile, electronic mail, or other form of electronic communication, sent to his or
her business or home address, at least 24 hours in advance of the meeting, or by written notice mailed
to his or her business or home address, at least 48 hours in advance of the meeting.  Such notice shall
be deemed to be delivered when hand delivered to such address, read to such director by telephone,
deposited in the mail so addressed, with postage thereon prepaid if mailed, dispatched or transmitted
if sent by facsimile transmission or by electronic mail or other form of electronic communication.

a written waiver of notice signed before or after a meeting by a director and filed with the

records of the meeting shall be deemed to be equivalent to notice of the meeting.  the attendance of a
director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where a director
attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting to the
transaction of any business because such meeting is not lawfully called or convened.  except as
otherwise required by law, by the Certificate or by these By-laws, neither the business to be
transacted at, nor the purpose of, any meeting of the Board of directors need be specified in the
notice or waiver of notice of such meeting.

SeCtion 10 Quorum.

at any meeting of the Board of directors, a majority of the directors then in office shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, but if less than a quorum is present at a meeting, a
majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time, and the meeting may be
held as adjourned without further notice, except as provided in Section 9 of this article ii.  any
business which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed may be transacted at
such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present.

SeCtion 11 action at Meeting.

at any meeting of the Board of directors at which a quorum is present, a majority of the

directors present may take any action on behalf of the Board of directors, unless otherwise required
by law, by the Certificate or by these By-laws.

SeCtion 12 action by Consent.

any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of directors may be

taken without a meeting if all members of the Board of directors consent thereto in writing or by
electronic transmission and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are
filed with the records of the meetings of the Board of directors.  Such consent shall be treated for all
purposes as a vote at a meeting of the Board of directors.

SeCtion 13 Manner of Participation.

directors may participate in meetings of the Board of directors by means of conference

telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all directors participating in the
meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting in accordance herewith shall constitute
presence in person at such meeting for purposes of these By-laws.

SeCtion 14 Committees.

the Board of directors, by vote of a majority of the directors then in office, may elect one or

more committees, including, without limitation, a Compensation Committee, a Corporate Governance
and nominating  Committee and an audit Committee, and may delegate thereto some or all of its 
powers except those which by law, by the Certificate or by these By-laws may not be delegated.  
except as the Board of directors may otherwise determine, any such committee may make rules for 
the conduct of its business, but unless otherwise provided by the Board of directors or in such rules, 
its business shall be conducted so far as possible in the same manner as is provided by these By-laws 
for the Board of directors.  Subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of any series of preferred 
stock, all members of such committees shall hold such offices at the pleasure of the Board of 
directors.  the Board of directors may abolish any such committee at any time.  any committee to 
which the Board of directors delegates any of its powers or duties shall keep records of its meetings 
and shall report its action to the Board of directors.  the Board of directors shall have power to 
rescind any action of any committee, to the extent permitted by law, but no such rescission shall have 
retroactive effect.

SeCtion 15 Compensation of directors.

directors shall receive such compensation for their services as shall be determined by a
majority of the Board of directors, or a designated committee thereof, provided that directors who are
serving the Corporation as employees and who receive compensation for their services as such, shall
not receive any salary or other compensation for their services as directors of the Corporation.

Article III 

officers

SeCtion 1 enumeration.

the officers of the Corporation shall consist of a President, a treasurer, a Secretary and such
other officers, including, without limitation, a Chairman of the Board of directors, a Chief executive
officer and one or more Vice Presidents (including executive Vice Presidents or Senior Vice
Presidents), assistant Vice Presidents, assistant treasurers and assistant Secretaries, as the Board of
directors may determine.

SeCtion 2 election.

at the regular annual meeting of the Board of directors following the annual Meeting, the
Board of directors shall elect the President, the treasurer and the Secretary.  other officers may be
elected by the Board of directors at such regular annual meeting of the Board of directors or at any
other regular or special meeting.

SeCtion 3 Qualification.

no officer need be a stockholder or a director.  any person may occupy more than one office
of the Corporation at any time.  any officer may be required by the Board of directors to give bond
for the faithful performance of his or her duties in such amount and with such sureties as the Board of
directors may determine.

SeCtion 4 tenure.

except as otherwise provided by the Certificate or by these By-laws, each of the officers of

the Corporation shall hold office until the regular annual meeting of the Board of directors following
the next annual Meeting and until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until his or her
earlier resignation or removal.

SeCtion 5 Resignation.

any officer may resign by delivering his or her written resignation to the Corporation
addressed to the President or the Secretary, and such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless
it is specified to be effective at some other time or upon the happening of some other event.

SeCtion 6 Removal.

except as otherwise provided by law, the Board of directors may remove any officer with or

without cause by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office.

 
SeCtion 7 absence or disability.

in the event of the absence or disability of any officer, the Board of directors may designate

another officer to act temporarily in place of such absent or disabled officer.

SeCtion 8 Vacancies.

any vacancy in any office may be filled for the unexpired portion of the term by the Board of

directors.

SeCtion 9 President.

the President shall, subject to the direction of the Board of directors, have general
supervision and control of the Corporation’s business.  if there is no Chairman of the Board or if he
or she is absent, the President shall preside, when present, at all meetings of stockholders and of the
Board of directors.  the President shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as the
Board of directors may from time to time designate.

SeCtion 10 Chairman of the Board.

the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, shall preside, when present, at all meetings of

the stockholders and of the Board of directors.  the Chairman of the Board shall have such other
powers and shall perform such other duties as the Board of directors may from time to time
designate.

SeCtion 11 Chief executive officer.

the Chief executive officer, if one is elected, shall have such powers and shall perform such

duties as the Board of directors may from time to time designate.

SeCtion 12 Vice Presidents and assistant Vice Presidents.

any Vice President (including any executive Vice President or Senior Vice President) and
any assistant Vice President shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as the Board of
directors or the Chief executive officer may from time to time designate.

SeCtion 13 treasurer and assistant treasurers.

the treasurer shall, subject to the direction of the Board of directors and except as the Board

of directors or the Chief executive officer may otherwise provide, have general charge of the
financial affairs of the Corporation and shall cause to be kept accurate books of account.  the
treasurer shall have custody of all funds, securities, and valuable documents of the Corporation.  he
or she shall have such other duties and powers as may be designated from time to time by the Board
of directors or the Chief executive officer.

any assistant treasurer shall have such powers and perform such duties as the Board of

directors or the Chief executive officer may from time to time designate.

SeCtion 14 Secretary and assistant Secretaries.

the Secretary shall record all the proceedings of the meetings of the stockholders and the

Board of directors (including committees of the Board of directors) in books kept for that purpose. 
in his or her absence from any such meeting, a temporary secretary chosen at the meeting shall record
the proceedings thereof.  the Secretary shall have charge of the stock ledger (which may, however,
be kept by any transfer or other agent of the Corporation).  the Secretary shall have custody of the
seal of the Corporation, and the Secretary, or an assistant Secretary, shall have authority to affix it to
any instrument requiring it, and, when so affixed, the seal may be attested by his or her signature or
that of an assistant Secretary.  the Secretary shall have such other duties and powers as may be
designated from time to time by the Board of directors or the Chief executive officer.  in the
absence of the Secretary, any assistant Secretary may perform his or her duties and responsibilities.

any assistant Secretary shall have such powers and perform such duties as the Board of

directors or the Chief executive officer may from time to time designate.

SeCtion 15 other Powers and duties.

Subject to these By-laws and to such limitations as the Board of directors may from time to
time prescribe, the officers of the Corporation shall each have such powers and duties as generally
pertain to their respective offices, as well as such powers and duties as from time to time may be
conferred by the Board of directors or the Chief executive officer.

Article IV 

Capital Stock

SeCtion 1 Certificates of Stock.

each stockholder shall be entitled to a certificate of the capital stock of the Corporation in

such form as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board of directors.  Such certificate shall be
signed by the Chairman of the Board of directors, the President or a Vice President and by the
treasurer or an assistant treasurer, or the Secretary or an assistant Secretary.  the Corporation seal
and the signatures by the Corporation’s officers, the transfer agent or the registrar may be facsimiles. 
in case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been
placed on such certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such
certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he or she were
such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the time of its issue.  every certificate for shares of stock
which are subject to any restriction on transfer and every certificate issued when the Corporation is
authorized to issue more than one class or series of stock shall contain such legend with respect
thereto as is required by law. notwithstanding anything to the contrary provided in these Bylaws, the
Board of directors may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or
series of its stock shall be uncertificated shares (except that the foregoing shall not apply to shares
represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation), and by the
approval and adoption of these Bylaws the Board of directors has determined that all classes or series
of the

 
Corporation’s stock may be uncertificated, whether upon original issuance, re-issuance, or subsequent 
transfer.

SeCtion 2 transfers.

Subject to any restrictions on transfer and unless otherwise provided by the Board of 
directors, shares of stock that are represented by a certificate may be transferred on the books of the 
Corporation by the surrender to the Corporation or its transfer agent of the certificate theretofore 
properly endorsed or accompanied by a written assignment or power of attorney properly executed, 
with transfer stamps (if necessary) affixed, and with such proof of the authenticity of signature as the 
Corporation or its transfer agent may reasonably require. Shares of stock that are not represented by a 
certificate may be transferred on the books of the Corporation by submitting to the Corporation or its 
transfer agent such evidence of transfer and following such other procedures as the Corporation or its 
transfer agent may require.

SeCtion 3 Record holders.

except as may otherwise be required by law, by the Certificate or by these By-laws, the
Corporation shall be entitled to treat the record holder of stock as shown on its books as the owner of
such stock for all purposes, including the payment of dividends and the right to vote with respect
thereto, regardless of any transfer, pledge or other disposition of such stock, until the shares have
been transferred on the books of the Corporation in accordance with the requirements of these By-
laws.

it shall be the duty of each stockholder to notify the Corporation of his or her post office

address and any changes thereto.

SeCtion 4 Record date.

in order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at

any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof or entitled to receive payment of any
dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of
any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board
of directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the
resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of directors, and which record date: (a) in
the case of determination of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders, shall, unless
otherwise required by law, not be more than sixty nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such
meeting and (b) in the case of any other action, shall not be more than sixty (60) days prior to such
other action.  if no record date is fixed: (i) the record date for determining stockholders entitled to
notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next
preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day
next preceding the day on which the meeting is held and (ii) the record date for determining
stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of
directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.

SeCtion 5 Replacement of Certificates.

in case of the alleged loss, destruction or mutilation of a certificate of stock of the
Corporation, a duplicate certificate may be issued in place thereof, upon such terms as the Board of
directors may prescribe.

Article V 

indemnification

SeCtion 1 definitions.

For purposes of this article:

(a)

“director” means any person who serves or has served the Corporation as a director

on the Board of directors of the Corporation.

(b)

“officer” means any person who serves or has served the Corporation as an officer

appointed by the Board of directors of the Corporation;

(c)

“non-officer employee” means any person who serves or has served as an

employee of the Corporation, but who is not or was not a director or officer;

(d)

“Proceeding” means any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, arbitration,

alternate dispute resolution mechanism, inquiry, investigation, administrative hearing or other
proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, arbitrative or investigative;

(e)

“expenses” means all reasonable attorneys’ fees, retainers, court costs, transcript

costs, fees of expert witnesses, private investigators and professional advisors (including, without
limitation, accountants and investment bankers), travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and
binding costs, costs of preparation of demonstrative evidence and other courtroom presentation aids
and devices, costs incurred in connection with document review, organization, imaging and
computerization, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, and all other disbursements, costs
or expenses of the type customarily incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to
prosecute or defend, investigating, being or preparing to be a witness in, settling or otherwise
participating in, a Proceeding;

(f)

“Corporate Status” describes the status of a person who (i) in the case of a director,

is or was a director of the Corporation and is or was acting in such capacity, (ii) in the case of an
officer, is or was an officer, employee, trustee or agent of the Corporation or is or was a director,
officer, employee or agent of any other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit
plan or other enterprise which such officer is or was serving at the request of the Corporation, and
(iii) in the case of a non-officer employee, is or was an employee of the Corporation or is or was a
director, officer, employee or agent of any other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust,
employee benefit plan or other enterprise which such non-officer employee is or was serving at the
request of the Corporation.  For purposes of subsection (ii) of this Section 1(f), an officer or director
of the Corporation who is serving as a director,

 
partner, trustee, officer, employee or agent of a Subsidiary shall be deemed to be serving at the 
request of the Corporation; 

(g)

“disinterested director” means, with respect to each Proceeding in respect of which

indemnification is sought hereunder, a director of the Corporation who is not and was not a party to
such Proceeding; and

(h)

“Subsidiary” shall mean any corporation, partnership, limited liability company,

joint venture, trust or other entity of which the Corporation owns (either directly or through or
together with another Subsidiary of the Corporation) either (i) a general partner, managing member or
other similar interest or (ii) (a) 50% or more of the voting power of the voting capital equity interests
of such corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture or other entity, or (B) 50%
or more of the outstanding voting capital stock or other voting equity interests of such corporation,
partnership, limited liability company, joint venture or other entity. 

SeCtion 2

indemnification of directors and officers.

Subject to the operation of Section 4 of this article V, each director and officer shall be

indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation to the fullest extent authorized by the dGCl, as
the same exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the
extent that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than
such law permitted the Corporation to provide prior to such amendment) against any and all
expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts reasonably paid in settlement that are incurred by
such director or officer or on such director’s or officer’s behalf in connection with any threatened,
pending or completed Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, which such director or
officer is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or participant in by reason of such director’s or
officer’s Corporate Status, if such director or officer acted in good faith and in a manner such
director or officer reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation
and, with respect to any criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct
was unlawful.  the rights of indemnification provided by this Section 2 shall continue as to a director
or officer after he or she has ceased to be a director or officer and shall inure to the benefit of his or
her heirs, executors, administrators and personal representatives.  notwithstanding the foregoing, the
Corporation shall indemnify any director or officer seeking indemnification in connection with a
Proceeding initiated by such director or officer only if such Proceeding was authorized by the Board
of directors of the Corporation, unless such Proceeding was brought to enforce an officer or
director’s rights to indemnification under these by-laws. 

SeCtion 3

indemnification of non-officer employees.

Subject to the operation of Section 4 of this article V, each non-officer employee may, in the
discretion of the Board of directors of the Corporation, be indemnified by the Corporation to the
fullest extent authorized by the dGCl, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended, against any
or all expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts reasonably paid in settlement that are
incurred by such non-officer employee or on such non-officer employee’s behalf in connection
with any threatened, pending or completed Proceeding, or any claim, issue or matter

therein, which such non-officer employee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or participant in
by reason of such non-officer employee’s Corporate Status, if such non-officer employee acted in
good faith and in a manner such non-officer employee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed
to the best interests of the Corporation and, with respect to any criminal proceeding, had no
reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful.  the rights of indemnification provided
by this Section 3 shall exist as to a non-officer employee after he or she has ceased to be a non-
officer employee and shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, personal representatives, executors
and administrators.  notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation may indemnify any non-officer
employee seeking indemnification in connection with a Proceeding initiated by such non-officer
employee only if such Proceeding was authorized by the Board of directors of the Corporation.

SeCtion 4 Good Faith.

unless ordered by a court, no indemnification shall be provided pursuant to this article V to a

director, to an officer or to a non-officer employee unless a determination shall have been made
that such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not
opposed to the best interests of the Corporation and, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, such
person had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful.  Such determination shall
be made by (a) a majority vote of the disinterested directors, even though less than a quorum of the
Board of directors, (b) a committee comprised of disinterested directors, such committee having
been designated by a majority vote of the disinterested directors (even though less than a quorum),
(c) if there are no such disinterested directors, or if a majority of disinterested directors so directs,
by independent legal counsel in a written opinion, or (d) by the stockholders of the Corporation.

SeCtion 5 advancement of expenses to directors Prior to Final disposition.

the Corporation shall advance all expenses incurred by or on behalf of any director in

connection with any Proceeding in which such director is involved by reason of such director’s
Corporate Status within thirty (30) days after the receipt by the Corporation of a written statement 
from such director requesting such advance or advances from time to time, whether prior to or after
final disposition of such Proceeding.  Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence the
expenses incurred by such director and shall be preceded or accompanied by an undertaking by or on
behalf of such director to repay any expenses so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that
such director is not entitled to be indemnified against such expenses. 

SeCtion 6 advancement of expenses to officers and non-officer employees Prior to

Final disposition.

(a)

advancement to officers. the Corporation may, at the discretion of the Board of
directors of the Corporation, advance any or all expenses incurred by or on behalf of any officer in
connection with any Proceeding in which such is involved by reason of such officer’s Corporate
Status upon the receipt by the Corporation of a statement or statements from such officer requesting
such advance or advances from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of such
Proceeding.  Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence the

expenses incurred by such officer and shall be preceded or accompanied by an undertaking by or on
behalf of such to repay any expenses so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such
officer is not entitled to be indemnified against such expenses. 

(b)

advancement to non-officer employees. the Corporation may, at the discretion

of the Board of directors or of any officer who is authorized to act on behalf of the Corporation,
advance any or all expenses incurred by or on behalf of any non-officer employee in connection
with any Proceeding in which such non-officer employee is involved by reason of such non-officer
employee’s Corporate Status upon the receipt by the Corporation of a statement or statements from
such non-officer employee requesting such advance or advances from time to time, whether prior to
or after final disposition of such Proceeding.  Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence
the expenses incurred by such non-officer employee and shall be preceded or accompanied by an
undertaking by or on behalf of such non-officer employee to repay any expenses so advanced if it
shall ultimately be determined that such non-officer employee is not entitled to be indemnified
against such expenses. 

SeCtion 7 Contractual nature of Rights.

the foregoing provisions of this article V shall be deemed to be a contract between the
Corporation and each director and officer entitled to the benefits hereof at any time while this
article V is in effect, and any repeal or modification thereof shall not affect any rights or obligations
then existing with respect to any state of facts then or theretofore existing or any Proceeding
theretofore or thereafter brought based in whole or in part upon any such state of facts.  if a claim for
indemnification or advancement of expenses hereunder by a director or officer is not paid in full by
the Corporation within (a) sixty (60) days after receipt by the Corporation’s of a written claim for
indemnification, or (b) in the case of a director, ten (10) days after receipt by the Corporation of
documentation of expenses and the required undertaking, such director or officer may at any time
thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim, and if
successful in whole or in part, such director or officer shall also be entitled to be paid the expenses
of prosecuting such claim.  the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of directors or any
committee thereof, independent legal counsel, or stockholders) to make a determination concerning
the permissibility of such indemnification or, in the case of a director, advancement of expenses,
under this article V shall not be a defense to the action and shall not create a presumption that such
indemnification or advancement is not permissible. 

SeCtion 8 non-exclusivity of Rights.

the rights to indemnification and to advancement of expenses set forth in this article V shall
not be exclusive of any other right which any director, officer, or non-officer employee may have
or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate or these By-laws, agreement, vote
of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.

SeCtion 9

insurance.

the Corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any director,

officer or non-officer employee against any liability of any character asserted against

or incurred by the Corporation or any such director, officer or non-officer employee, or arising out
of any such person’s Corporate Status, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to
indemnify such person against such liability under the dGCl or the provisions of this article V.

Article VI 

Miscellaneous Provisions

SeCtion 1 Fiscal Year.

except as otherwise determined by the Board of directors, the fiscal year of the Corporation

shall end on the last day of december of each year.

SeCtion 2 Seal.

the Board of directors shall have power to adopt and alter the seal of the Corporation.

SeCtion 3 execution of instruments.

all deeds, leases, transfers, contracts, bonds, notes and other obligations to be entered into by

the Corporation in the ordinary course of its business without director action may be executed on
behalf of the Corporation by the Chairman of the Board, if one is elected, the President or the
treasurer or any other officer, employee or agent of the Corporation as the Board of directors or the
executive committee of the Board may authorize.

SeCtion 4 Voting of Securities.

unless the Board of directors otherwise provides, the Chairman of the Board, if one is
elected, the President or the treasurer may waive notice of and act on behalf of this Corporation, or
appoint another person or persons to act as proxy or attorney in fact for this Corporation with or
without discretionary power and/or power of substitution, at any meeting of stockholders or
shareholders of any other corporation or organization, any of whose securities are held by this
Corporation.

SeCtion 5 Resident agent.

the Board of directors may appoint a resident agent upon whom legal process may be served

in any action or proceeding against the Corporation.

SeCtion 6 Corporate Records.

the original or attested copies of the Certificate, By-laws and records of all meetings of the

incorporators, stockholders and the Board of directors and the stock transfer books, which shall
contain the names of all stockholders, their record addresses and the amount of stock held by each,
may be kept outside the State of delaware and shall be kept at the principal office of the Corporation,
at the office of its counsel or at an office of its transfer agent or at such other place or places as may
be designated from time to time by the Board of directors.

 
SeCtion 7 Certificate.

all references in these By-laws to the Certificate shall be deemed to refer to the amended and
Restated Certificate of incorporation of the Corporation, as amended and in effect from time to time.

SeCtion 8 exclusive Jurisdiction of delaware Courts or the united States Federal

district.

unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court 
of Chancery of the State of delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for any state law claims 
for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action 
asserting a claim of, or a claim based on, a breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any current or former 
director, officer or other employee of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s 
stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the delaware 
General Corporation law or the Certificate or Bylaws (including the interpretation, validity or 
enforceability thereof), or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine. 
unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district 
courts of the united States of america shall be the sole and exclusive forum for resolving any 
complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities act of 1933, as amended. any 
person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of capital stock of the 
Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Section 8.

SeCtion 9 amendment of By-laws.

(a)

amendment by directors. except as provided otherwise by law, these By-laws 
may be amended or repealed by the Board of directors by the affirmative vote of a majority of the 
directors then in office.

(b)

amendment by Stockholders. these By-laws may be amended or repealed at any 
annual Meeting, or special meeting of stockholders called for such purpose in accordance with these 
By-laws, by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds (66 2/3%) of the outstanding shares entitled to 
vote on such amendment or repeal, voting together as a single class; provided, however, that if the 
Board of directors recommends that stockholders approve such amendment or repeal at such meeting 
of stockholders, such amendment or repeal shall only require the affirmative vote of the majority of 
the outstanding shares entitled to vote on such amendment or repeal, voting together as a single class. 
notwithstanding the foregoing, stockholder approval shall not be required unless mandated by the 
Certificate, these By-laws, or other applicable law.

SeCtion 10 notices. if mailed, notice to stockholders shall be deemed given when 
deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at such stockholder’s address as it 
appears on the records of the Corporation. without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise 
may be given to stockholders, any notice to stockholders may be given by electronic transmission in 
the manner provided in Section 232 of the dGCl.

SeCtion 11 waivers. a written waiver of any notice, signed by a stockholder or director, 

or waiver by electronic transmission by such person, whether given before or after the 

time of the event for which notice is to be given, shall be deemed equivalent to the notice required to 
be given to such person. neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any meeting 
need be specified in such a waiver.

adopted april [•], 2021 and effective as of april [•], 2021.

PLUG POWER INC.

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES REGISTERED
UNDER SECTION 12 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, AS AMENDED

Exhibit 4.6

Plug Power, inc., a delaware corporation, has one class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Securities exchange act of
1934, as amended, referred to herein as the exchange act: common stock, par value $0.01 per share,  referred to herein as the Common Stock.
 the following description sets forth certain material  terms and provisions of the Common Stock. this description also summarizes relevant
provisions of the delaware General Corporation law, referred to herein as the dGCl. the following summary does not purport to be complete
and  is  subject  to,  and  is  qualified  in  its  entirety  by  reference  to,  the  applicable  provisions  of  the  dGCl  and  our  amended  and  Restated
Certificate of incorporation, as amended from time to time, referred to herein as the Certificate of incorporation, and our Fourth amended and
Restated Bylaws, as amended from time to time, referred to herein as the Bylaws, copies of which are incorporated by reference as an exhibit to
our annual Report on Form 10‑K of which this exhibit 4.6 is a part. we encourage you to read the Certificate of incorporation, the Bylaws and
the applicable provisions of the dGCl for additional information.  References in this exhibit 4.6 to “Plug Power,” the “Company,” “we,” “our”
or “us” refer to Plug Power inc.

General

Authorized Shares

the  Certificate  of  incorporation  authorizes  us  to  issue  up  to  755,000,000  shares,  of  which  (i)  750,000,000  shares  are  classified  as
shares of Common Stock, and (ii) 5,000,000 shares are classified as preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, consisting of 170,000 shares of
Series a Junior Participating Cumulative Preferred Stock, 10,431 shares of Series C Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock, 35,000 shares of
Series e Convertible Preferred Stock and 4,784,569 shares of undesignated preferred stock.  as of december 31, 2020, there were no shares of
Series a Junior Participating Cumulative Preferred Stock, no shares of Series C Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock outstanding, and no
shares  of  Series  e  Convertible  Preferred  Stock  outstanding.Power  to  Issue  Additional  Shares  of  Common  Stock  and  Preferred  Stock,  and
Reclassify Shares of Stock

additional shares of authorized Common Stock and preferred stock may be issued, as authorized by our board of directors from time
to  time,  without  stockholder  approval,  except  as  may  be  required  by  applicable  securities  exchange  requirements.  the  Certificate  of
incorporation authorizes our board of directors to classify any unissued shares of preferred stock and to reclassify any previously classified but
unissued shares of any series into other classes or series of stock. Prior to the issuance of shares of each class or series of preferred stock, the
Company’s board of directors will set the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends
or other distributions, qualifications and terms or conditions of redemption for each such class or series.

Voting Rights

the holders of Common Stock possess exclusive voting rights in us, except to the extent our board of directors specifies voting power 
with respect to any other class of securities issued in the future. each holder of our Common Stock is entitled to one vote for each share held of 
record on each matter submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the election of directors. the holders of a majority of the stock issued and 
outstanding and entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at all 
meetings of the stockholders.

Stockholders do not have any right to cumulate votes in the election of directors. Consequently,the holders of a majority or, in certain 
circumstances, a plurality of the shares of Common Stock entitled to vote in any election of directors may elect all of the directors standing for 
election. in an uncontested election, a director nominee will be elected to the board of directors only if the votes cast for such nominee’s 
election exceed the votes cast against such nominee’s election. in a contested election, or otherwise where the number of director nominees 
exceeds the number of directors to be elected, directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast.

with  respect  to  matters  other  than  the  election  of  directors,  at  any  meeting  of  the  stockholders  at  which  a  quorum  is  present  or
represented, the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting power of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at such meeting and
entitled to vote on the subject matter shall be the act of the stockholders, except as otherwise required by law.

Dividend and Liquidation Rights

Subject to the preferences that may be applicable to any then outstanding preferred stock, each holder of our Common Stock is entitled
to share ratably in distributions to stockholders and to receive ratably such dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by our board
of  directors  out  of  legally  available  funds.  in  the  event  of  our  liquidation,  dissolution  or  winding  up,  holders  of  our  Common  Stock  will  be
entitled  to  share  ratably  in  the  net  assets  legally  available  for  distribution  to  stockholders  after  the  payment  of  all  of  our  debts  and  other
liabilities, subject to the satisfaction of any liquidation preference granted to the holders of any outstanding shares of preferred stock.

Terms of Conversion, Sinking Fund Provisions, Redemption

all of the outstanding shares of Commons Stock are, and the shares of Common Stock issued upon the conversion of any securities
convertible into our Common Stock will be, duly authorized, fully paid and nonassessable. holders of our Common Stock have no preemptive,
conversion  or  subscription  rights,  and  there  are  no  redemption  or  sinking  fund  provisions  applicable  to  our  Common  Stock.  the  rights,
preferences and privileges of the holders of our Common Stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of any series of our
preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future.

Delaware Anti-Takeover Law and Provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

Delaware Anti-Takeover Law

we  are  subject  to  Section  203  of  the  dGCl.  Section  203  generally  prohibits  a  public  delaware  corporation  from  engaging  in  a
“business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became
an interested stockholder, unless:

·

·

·

prior  to  the  date  of  the  transaction,  the  board  of  directors  of  the  corporation  approved  either  the  business  combination  or  the
transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

the  interested  stockholder  owned  at  least  85%  of  the  voting  stock  of  the  corporation  outstanding  at  the  time  the  transaction
commenced,  excluding  for  purposes  of  determining  the  number  of  shares  outstanding  (a)  shares  owned  by  persons  who  are
directors and also officers and (b) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to
determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

on or subsequent to the date of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the board and authorized at an annual or
special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting
stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder.

Section 203 defines a business combination to include:

·

·

any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

any sale, transfer, pledge or other disposition involving the interested stockholder of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation;

·

·

subject to exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to
the interested stockholder;

and the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits
provided by or through the corporation.

in general, Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as any entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding

voting stock of the corporation or any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by the entity or person.

Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

Provisions of our Certificate of incorporation and Bylaws may delay or discourage transactions involving an actual or potential change
in our control or change in our management, including transactions in which stockholders might otherwise receive a premium for their shares or
transactions that our stockholders might otherwise deem to be in their best interests. therefore, these provisions could adversely affect the price
of our Common Stock. among other things, our Certificate of incorporation and Bylaws:

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

·

permit our board of directors to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, with any rights, preferences and privileges as they
may designate;

provide that the authorized number of directors may be changed only by resolution of the board of directors;

provide  that  all  vacancies,  including  newly  created  directorships,  may,  except  as  otherwise  required  by  law  and  subject  to  the
rights of the holders of any series of preferred stock, be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of directors then in office, even
if less than a quorum;

divide our board of directors into three classes;

generally require that any action to be taken by our stockholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of
stockholders and not be taken by written consent;

provide that stockholders seeking to present proposals before a meeting of stockholders or to nominate candidates for election as
directors at a meeting of stockholders must provide notice in writing in a timely manner, and also specify requirements as to the
form and content of a stockholder’s notice;

do not provide for cumulative voting rights (therefore allowing the holders of a majority of the shares of Common Stock entitled to
vote in any uncontested election of directors to elect all of the directors standing for election, if they should so choose); and

provide that, except as otherwise required by statute and subject to the rights of the holders of any series of preferred stock, special
meetings of our stockholders may be called only by the board of directors pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the
directors then in office.

the amendment of any of these provisions, with the exception of the ability of our board of directors to issue shares of preferred stock
and designate any rights, preferences and privileges thereto, would require approval by the holders of at least two-thirds of our then outstanding
Common Stock.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

the  transfer  agent  and  registrar  for  our  Common  Stock  is  Broadridge  Corporate  issuer  Solutions,  inc.  the  transfer  agent  and

registrar’s address is 1717 arch Street, Suite 1300, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19103.

Stock Exchange Listing

our Common Stock trades on the naSdaQ Capital Market under the symbol “PluG.”

FoRM oF
indeMniFiCation aGReeMent

Exhibit 10.2

this agreement made and entered into this ____ day of ______, (the “agreement”), by and
between Plug Power inc., a delaware corporation (the “Company,” which term shall include, where
appropriate, any entity (as hereinafter defined) controlled directly or indirectly by the Company) and
____________ (the “indemnitee”):

wheReaS, it is essential to the Company that it be able to retain and attract as directors the

most capable persons available;

wheReaS, increased corporate litigation has subjected directors to litigation risks and
expenses, and the limitations on the availability of directors and officers liability insurance have
made it increasingly difficult for the Company to attract and retain such persons;

wheReaS, the Company’s By-laws (the “By-laws”) require it to indemnify its directors to

the fullest extent permitted by law and permit it to make other indemnification arrangements and
agreements;

wheReaS, the Company desires to provide indemnitee with specific contractual assurance

of indemnitee’s rights to full indemnification against litigation risks and expenses (regardless, among
other things, of any amendment to or revocation of the By-laws or any change in the ownership of the
Company or the composition of its Board of directors);

wheReaS, the Company intends that this agreement provide indemnitee with greater

protection than that which is provided by the By-laws; and

wheReaS, indemnitee is relying upon the rights afforded under this agreement in

becoming a director of the Company.

now, theReFoRe, in consideration of the promises and the covenants contained herein,

the Company and indemnitee do hereby covenant and agree as follows:

definitions.

“Corporate Status” describes the status of a person who is serving or has

(a)
served (i) as a director of the Company, (ii) in any capacity with respect to any
employee benefit plan of the Company, or (iii) as a director, partner, trustee, officer, 
employee, or agent of any other entity at the request of the Company. For purposes of 
subsection (iii) of this Section 1(a), if indemnitee is serving or has served as a director,
partner, trustee, officer, employee or agent of a Subsidiary, indemnitee shall be
deemed to be serving at the request of the Company.

“entity” shall mean any corporation, partnership, limited liability company,

(b)
joint venture, trust, foundation, association, organization or other legal entity.

“expenses” shall mean all fees, costs and expenses incurred by indemnitee in

(c)
connection with any Proceeding (as defined below), including, without limitation,
attorneys’ fees, disbursements and retainers (including, without limitation, any such
fees, disbursements and retainers incurred by indemnitee pursuant to Sections 10 and
11(c) of this agreement), fees and disbursements of expert witnesses, private
investigators and professional advisors (including, without limitation, accountants and
investment bankers), court costs, transcript costs, fees of experts, travel expenses,
duplicating, printing and binding costs, telephone and fax transmission charges,
postage, delivery services, secretarial services, and other disbursements and expenses.

(d)
“indemnifiable expenses,” “indemnifiable liabilities” and “indemnifiable
amounts” shall have the meanings ascribed to those terms in Section 3(a) below.

“liabilities” shall mean judgments, damages, liabilities, losses, penalties,

(e)
excise taxes, fines and amounts paid in settlement.

“Proceeding” shall mean any threatened, pending or completed claim, action,

(f)
suit, arbitration, alternate dispute resolution process, investigation, administrative
hearing, appeal, or any other proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative,
arbitrative or investigative, whether formal or informal, including a proceeding
initiated by indemnitee pursuant to Section 10 of this agreement to enforce
indemnitee’s rights hereunder.

“Subsidiary” shall mean any corporation, partnership, limited liability

(g)
company, joint venture, trust or other entity of which the Company owns (either
directly or through or together with another Subsidiary of the Company) either (i) a
general partner, managing member or other similar interest or (ii) (a) 50% or more of
the voting power of the voting capital equity interests of such corporation, partnership,
limited liability company, joint venture or other entity, or (B) 50% or more of the
outstanding voting capital stock or other voting equity interests of such corporation,
partnership, limited liability company, joint venture or other entity.

2.

Services of indemnitee. in consideration of the Company’s covenants and 

commitments hereunder, indemnitee agrees to serve or continue to serve as a director of the 
Company. however, this agreement shall not impose any obligation on indemnitee or the Company 
to continue indemnitee’s service to the Company beyond any period otherwise required by law or by 
other agreements or commitments of the parties, if any.

2

3.

agreement to indemnify. the Company agrees to indemnify indemnitee as follows:

Proceedings other than By or in the Right of the Company. Subject to the 

(a)
exceptions contained in Section 4(a) below, if indemnitee was or is a party or is 
threatened to be made a party to any Proceeding (other than an action by or in the right 
of the Company) by reason of indemnitee’s Corporate Status, indemnitee shall be 
indemnified by the Company against all expenses and liabilities incurred or paid by 
indemnitee in connection with such Proceeding (referred to herein as “indemnifiable 
expenses” and “indemnifiable liabilities,” respectively, and collectively as 
“indemnifiable amounts”).

Proceedings By or in the Right of the Company. Subject to the exceptions 

(b)
contained in Section 4(b) below, if indemnitee was or is a party or is threatened to be 
made a party to any Proceeding by or in the right of the Company by reason of 
indemnitee’s Corporate Status, indemnitee shall be indemnified by the Company 
against all indemnifiable expenses.

expenses as a witness. to the extent that indemnitee is, by reason of his or her 

(c)
Corporate Status, a witness in any Proceeding to which indemnitee is not a party and 
is not threatened to be made a party, indemnitee shall be indemnified by the Company 
against all expenses incurred or paid by indemnitee in connection therewith, which 
expenses shall be considered indemnifiable expenses for purposes of this agreement.

Conclusive Presumption Regarding Standard of Care. in making any 
(d)
determination required to be made under delaware law with respect to entitlement to 
indemnification hereunder, the person, persons or entity making such determination 
shall presume that indemnitee is entitled to indemnification under this agreement if 
indemnitee submitted a request therefor in accordance with Section 5 of this 
agreement, and the Company shall have the burden of proof to overcome that 
presumption in connection with the making by any person, persons or entity of any 
determination contrary to that presumption.

4.

exceptions to indemnification. indemnitee shall be entitled to indemnification under 
Sections 3(a) and 3(b) above in all circumstances other than with respect to any specific claim, issue 
or matter involved in the Proceeding out of which indemnitee’s claim for indemnification has arisen, 
as follows:

Proceedings other than By or in the Right of the Company. if indemnification 

(a)
is requested under Section 3(a) and it has been finally adjudicated by a court of 
competent jurisdiction that, in connection with such specific claim, issue or matter, 
indemnitee failed to act (i) in good faith and (ii) in a manner indemnitee reasonably 
believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, or, with respect 
to any criminal Proceeding, indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe that 
indemnitee’s conduct was unlawful, indemnitee shall not be entitled to payment of 
indemnifiable amounts hereunder.

3

Proceedings By or in the Right of the Company. if indemnification is 

(b)
requested under Section 3(b) and 

(i) it has been finally adjudicated by a court of competent jurisdiction
that, in connection with such specific claim, issue or matter, indemnitee
failed to act (a) in good faith and (B) in a manner indemnitee
reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the
Company, indemnitee shall not be entitled to payment of indemnifiable
expenses hereunder; or

(ii) it has been finally adjudicated by a court of competent jurisdiction
that indemnitee is liable to the Company with respect to such specific
claim, indemnitee shall not be entitled to payment of indemnifiable
expenses hereunder with respect to such claim, issue or matter unless
the Court of Chancery or another court in which such Proceeding was
brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication
of liability, but in view of all the circumstances of the case, indemnitee
is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification for such
indemnifiable expenses which such court shall deem proper; or

(iii) it has been finally adjudicated by a court of competent jurisdiction
that indemnitee is liable to the Company for an accounting of profits
made from the purchase or sale by the indemnitee of securities of the
Company pursuant to the provisions of Section 16(b) of the Securities
exchange act of 1934, the rules and regulations promulgated
thereunder and amendments thereto or similar provisions of any
federal, state or local statutory law, indemnitee shall not be entitled to
payment of indemnifiable expenses hereunder.

(c)
insurance Proceeds. to the extent payment is actually made to the indemnitee 
under a valid and collectible insurance policy in respect of indemnifiable amounts in 
connection with such specific claim, issue or matter, indemnitee shall not be entitled 
to payment of indemnifiable amounts hereunder except in respect of any excess 
beyond the amount of payment under such insurance.

5.

Procedure for Payment of indemnifiable amounts. indemnitee shall submit to the 

Company a written request specifying the indemnifiable amounts for which indemnitee seeks 
payment under Section 3 of this agreement and the basis for the claim. the Company shall pay such 
indemnifiable amounts to indemnitee promptly upon receipt of its request. at the request of the 
Company, indemnitee shall furnish such documentation and information as are reasonably available 
to indemnitee and necessary to establish that indemnitee is entitled to indemnification hereunder.

4

6.

indemnification for expenses of a Party who is wholly or Partly Successful. 

notwithstanding any other provision of this agreement, and without limiting any such provision, to 
the extent that indemnitee is, by reason of indemnitee’s Corporate Status, a party to and is successful, 
on the merits or otherwise, in any Proceeding, indemnitee shall be indemnified against all expenses 
reasonably incurred by indemnitee or on indemnitee’s behalf in connection therewith. if indemnitee 
is not wholly successful in such Proceeding but is successful, on the merits or otherwise, as to one or 
more but less than all claims, issues or matters in such Proceeding, the Company shall indemnify 
indemnitee against all expenses reasonably incurred by indemnitee or on indemnitee’s behalf in 
connection with each successfully resolved claim, issue or matter. For purposes of this agreement, 
the termination of any claim, issue or matter in such a Proceeding by withdrawal or dismissal, with or 
without prejudice, shall be deemed to be a successful result as to such claim, issue or matter. 

7.

effect of Certain Resolutions. neither the settlement or termination of any Proceeding 

nor the failure of the Company to award indemnification or to determine that indemnification is 
payable shall create a presumption that indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification hereunder. in 
addition, the termination of any proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea 
of nolo contendere or its equivalent shall not create a presumption that indemnitee did not act in good 
faith and in a manner which indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best 
interests of the Company or, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe 
that indemnitee’s action was unlawful.

8.

agreement to advance expenses; undertaking. the Company shall advance all 

expenses incurred by or on behalf of indemnitee in connection with any Proceeding, including a 
Proceeding by or in the right of the Company, in which indemnitee is involved by reason of such 
indemnitee’s Corporate Status within ten (10) calendar days after the receipt by the Company of a 
written statement from indemnitee requesting such advance or advances from time to time, whether 
prior to or after final disposition of such Proceeding, unless it has been finally determined by a court 
of competent jurisdiction that indemnitee is not entitled under this agreement to indemnification with 
respect to such expenses. to the extent required by delaware law, indemnitee hereby undertakes to 
repay any and all of the amount of indemnifiable expenses paid to indemnitee if it is finally 
determined by a court of competent jurisdiction that indemnitee is not entitled under this agreement 
to indemnification with respect to such expenses. this undertaking is an unlimited general obligation 
of indemnitee.

9.

Procedure for advance Payment of expenses. indemnitee shall submit to the 

Company a written request specifying the indemnifiable expenses for which indemnitee seeks an 
advancement under Section 8 of this agreement, together with documentation evidencing that 
indemnitee has incurred such indemnifiable expenses. Payment of indemnifiable expenses under 
Section 8 shall be made no later than ten (10) calendar days after the Company’s receipt of such 
request.

10.

Remedies of indemnitee.

Right to Petition Court. in the event that indemnitee makes a request for 

(a)
payment of indemnifiable amounts under Sections 3 and 5 above or a request for 

5

an advancement of indemnifiable expenses under Sections 8 and 9 above and the 
Company fails to make such payment or advancement in a timely manner pursuant to 
the terms of this agreement, indemnitee may petition the Court of Chancery to 
enforce the Company’s obligations under this agreement.

Burden of Proof. in any judicial proceeding brought under Section 10(a) 
(b)
above, the Company shall have the burden of proving that indemnitee is not entitled to 
payment of indemnifiable amounts hereunder.

expenses. the Company agrees to reimburse indemnitee in full for any 

(c)
expenses incurred by indemnitee in connection with investigating, preparing for, 
litigating, defending or settling any action brought by indemnitee under Section 10(a) 
above, or in connection with any claim or counterclaim brought by the Company in 
connection therewith, whether or not indemnitee is successful in whole or in part in 
connection with any such action.

(d)
Failure to act not a defense. the failure of the Company (including its Board 
of directors or any committee thereof, independent legal counsel, or stockholders) to 
make a determination concerning the permissibility of the payment of indemnifiable 
amounts or the advancement of indemnifiable expenses under this agreement shall 
not be a defense in any action brought under Section 10(a) above, and shall not create 
a presumption that such payment or advancement is not permissible.

11.

defense of the underlying Proceeding.

(a)
notice by indemnitee. indemnitee agrees to notify the Company promptly 
upon being served with any summons, citation, subpoena, complaint, indictment, 
information, or other document relating to any Proceeding which may result in the 
payment of indemnifiable amounts or the advancement of indemnifiable expenses 
hereunder; provided, however, that the failure to give any such notice shall not 
disqualify indemnitee from the right, or otherwise affect in any manner any right of 
indemnitee, to receive payments of indemnifiable amounts or advancements of 
indemnifiable expenses unless the Company’s ability to defend in such Proceeding is 
materially and adversely prejudiced thereby.

defense by Company. Subject to the provisions of the last sentence of this 

(b)
Section 11(b) and of Section 11(c) below, the Company shall have the right to defend 
indemnitee in any Proceeding which may give rise to the payment of indemnifiable 
amounts hereunder; provided, however that the Company shall notify indemnitee of 
any such decision to defend within ten (10) calendar days of receipt of notice of any 
such Proceeding under Section 11(a) above. the Company shall not, without the prior 
written consent of indemnitee, consent to the entry of any judgment against 
indemnitee or enter into any settlement or compromise which (i) includes an 
admission of fault of indemnitee or (ii) does not include, as an unconditional term 
thereof, the full release of indemnitee from all liability in respect of such Proceeding, 
which release shall be in form and 

6

substance reasonably satisfactory to indemnitee. this Section 11(b) shall not apply to 
a Proceeding brought by indemnitee under Section 10(a) above or pursuant to Section 
19 below. 

indemnitee’s Right to Counsel. notwithstanding the provisions of Section 

(c)
11(b) above, if in a Proceeding to which indemnitee is a party by reason of 
indemnitee’s Corporate Status, (i) indemnitee reasonably concludes that he or she may 
have separate defenses or counterclaims to assert with respect to any issue which may 
not be consistent with the position of other defendants in such Proceeding, (ii) a 
conflict of interest or potential conflict of interest exists between indemnitee and the 
Company, or (iii) if the Company fails to assume the defense of such proceeding in a 
timely manner, indemnitee shall be entitled to be represented by separate legal counsel 
of indemnitee’s choice at the expense of the Company. in addition, if the Company 
fails to comply with any of its obligations under this agreement or in the event that the 
Company or any other person takes any action to declare this agreement void or 
unenforceable, or institutes any action, suit or proceeding to deny or to recover from 
indemnitee the benefits intended to be provided to indemnitee hereunder, indemnitee 
shall have the right to retain counsel of indemnitee’s choice, at the expense of the 
Company, to represent indemnitee in connection with any such matter.

12.

Representations and warranties of the Company. the Company hereby represents and 

warrants to indemnitee as follows:

authority. the Company has all necessary power and authority to enter into, 

(a)
and be bound by the terms of, this agreement, and the execution, delivery and 
performance of the undertakings contemplated by this agreement have been duly 
authorized by the Company.

(b)
enforceability. this agreement, when executed and delivered by the Company 
in accordance with the provisions hereof, shall be a legal, valid and binding obligation 
of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, 
except as such enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, 
moratorium, reorganization or similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ 
rights generally.

13.

insurance. the Company shall, from time to time, make the good faith determination 

whether or not it is practicable for the Company to obtain and maintain a policy or policies of 
insurance with a reputable insurance company providing the indemnitee with coverage for losses 
from wrongful acts. For so long as indemnitee shall remain a director of the Company and with 
respect to any such prior service, in all policies of director and officer liability insurance, indemnitee 
shall be named as an insured in such a manner as to provide indemnitee the same rights and benefits 
as are accorded to the most favorably insured of the Company’s officers and directors. 
notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall have no obligation to obtain or maintain such 
insurance if the Company determines in good faith that such insurance is not reasonably available, if 
the premium costs for such insurance are disproportionate to the amount of coverage provided, or if 
the coverage provided by such 

7

insurance is limited by exclusions so as to provide an insufficient benefit. the Company shall 
promptly notify indemnitee of any good faith determination not to provide such coverage. 

14.

Contract Rights not exclusive. the rights to payment of indemnifiable amounts and 
advancement of indemnifiable expenses provided by this agreement shall be in addition to, but not 
exclusive of, any other rights which indemnitee may have at any time under applicable law, the 
Company’s Certificate of incorporation or By-laws, or any other agreement, vote of stockholders or 
directors (or a committee of directors), or otherwise, both as to action in indemnitee’s official 
capacity and as to action in any other capacity as a result of indemnitee’s serving as a director of the
Company.

15.

Successors. this agreement shall be (a) binding upon all successors and assigns of the 

Company (including any transferee of all or a substantial portion of the business, stock and/or assets 
of the Company and any direct or indirect successor by merger or consolidation or otherwise by 
operation of law) and (b) binding on and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, personal 
representatives, executors and administrators of indemnitee. this agreement shall continue for the 
benefit of indemnitee and such heirs, personal representatives, executors and administrators after 
indemnitee has ceased to have Corporate Status.

16.

Subrogation. in the event of any payment of indemnifiable amounts under this 

agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of 
contribution or recovery of indemnitee against other persons, and indemnitee shall take, at the request 
of the Company, all reasonable action necessary to secure such rights, including the execution of such 
documents as are necessary to enable the Company to bring suit to enforce such rights.

17.

Change in law. to the extent that a change in delaware law (whether by statute or 

judicial decision) shall permit broader indemnification or advancement of expenses than is provided 
under the terms of the By-laws and this agreement, indemnitee shall be entitled to such broader 
indemnification and advancements, and this agreement shall be deemed to be amended to such 
extent. 

18.

Severability. whenever possible, each provision of this agreement shall be interpreted 

in such a manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this 
agreement, or any clause thereof, shall be determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be 
illegal, invalid or unenforceable, in whole or in part, such provision or clause shall be limited or 
modified in its application to the minimum extent necessary to make such provision or clause valid, 
legal and enforceable, and the remaining provisions and clauses of this agreement shall remain fully 
enforceable and binding on the parties.

19.

indemnitee as Plaintiff. except as provided in Section 10(c) of this agreement and in 

the next sentence, indemnitee shall not be entitled to payment of indemnifiable amounts or 
advancement of indemnifiable expenses with respect to any Proceeding brought by indemnitee 
against the Company, any entity which it controls, any director or officer thereof, or any third party, 
unless the Board of directors of the Company has consented to the initiation of such Proceeding. this 
Section shall not apply to counterclaims or affirmative defenses asserted by indemnitee in an action 
brought against indemnitee.

8

20. Modifications and waiver. except as provided in Section 17 above with respect to 

changes in delaware law which broaden the right of indemnitee to be indemnified by the Company, 
no supplement, modification or amendment of this agreement shall be binding unless executed in 
writing by each of the parties hereto. no waiver of any of the provisions of this agreement shall be 
deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions of this agreement (whether or not 
similar), nor shall such waiver constitute a continuing waiver.

21.

Contribution. to the fullest extent permissible under applicable law, if the 

indemnification provided for in this agreement is unavailable to indemnitee in whole or in part for 
any reason whatsoever (other than because indemnitee is not entitled to such indemnification 
pursuant to the terms of this agreement), the Company, in lieu of indemnifying indemnitee, shall 
contribute to the amount incurred by indemnitee, whether for judgments, fines, penalties, excise 
taxes, amounts paid or to be paid in settlement and/or for expenses, in connection with any claim 
relating to an indemnifiable event under this agreement, in such proportion as is deemed fair and 
reasonable in light of all of the circumstances of such Proceeding in order to reflect (i) the relative 
benefits received by the Company and indemnitee as a result of the event(s) and/or transaction(s) 
giving cause to such Proceeding; and (ii) the relative fault of the Company (and its directors, officers, 
employees and agents) and indemnitee in connection with such event(s) and/or transaction(s). 
additionally, to the fullest extent permitted under applicable law, if the indemnification provided for 
in this agreement is unavailable to indemnitee in whole or in part for any reason whatsoever (other 
than because indemnitee is not entitled to such indemnification pursuant to the terms of this 
agreement) in a Proceeding in which the Company is jointly liable with indemnitee (or would be if 
joined in such Proceeding), the Company shall pay, in the first instance, the entire amount of any 
judgment or settlement of such Proceeding (except for any such amount that is paid by a third party) 
without requiring indemnitee to contribute to such payment, and the Company hereby waives and 
relinquishes any right of contribution it may have against indemnitee with respect to such 
Proceeding.

22.

General notices. all notices, requests, demands and other communications hereunder 
shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given (a) when delivered by hand, (b) when 
transmitted by facsimile and receipt is acknowledged, or (c) if mailed by certified or registered mail 
with postage prepaid, on the third business day after the date on which it is so mailed:

9

(i)

if to indemnitee, to:

________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________

(ii)

if to the Company, to:

Plug Power inc.
968 albany-Shaker Road
latham, nY 12110
attn: General Counsel
Facsimile: (518) 782-7884

or to such other address as may have been furnished in the same manner by any party to the others.

23.

Governing law; Consent to Jurisdiction; Service of Process. this agreement shall be 
governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of delaware without regard to its 
rules of conflict of laws. each of the Company and the indemnitee hereby irrevocably and 
unconditionally consents to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery of the State 
of delaware and the courts of the united States of america located in the State of delaware (the 
“delaware Courts”) for any litigation arising out of or relating to this agreement and the transactions 
contemplated hereby (and agrees not to commence any litigation relating thereto except in such 
courts), waives any objection to the laying of venue of any such litigation in the delaware Courts and 
agrees not to plead or claim in any delaware Court that such litigation brought therein has been 
brought in an inconvenient forum. each of the parties hereto agrees, (a) to the extent such party is not 
otherwise subject to service of process in the State of delaware, to appoint and maintain an agent in 
the State of delaware as such party’s agent for acceptance of legal process, and (b) that service of 
process may also be made on such party by prepaid certified mail with a proof of mailing receipt 
validated by the united States Postal Service constituting evidence of valid service. Service made 
pursuant to (a) or (b) above shall have the same legal force and effect as if served upon such party 
personally within the State of delaware. For purposes of implementing the parties’ agreement to 
appoint and maintain an agent for service of process in the State of delaware, each such party does 
hereby appoint the Corporation trust Company, 1209 orange Street, wilmington, new Castle 
County, delaware 19801, as such agent and each such party hereby agrees to complete all actions 
necessary for such appointment.

[signature page follows]

10

in witneSS wheReoF, the parties hereto have executed this agreement as of the day and

year first above written.

PluG PoweR inC.

By:
name:
title:

Exhibit 10.3

INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT
(For Officers of a Delaware Corporation)

this indemnification agreement (“agreement”) is made as this ____ day of ____________
20__ by and between Plug Power inc., a delaware corporation (the “Company”), and ____________
(“indemnitee”).

ReCitalS

wheReaS,  the  Company  desires  to  attract  and  retain  the  services  of  highly  qualified

individuals, such as indemnitee, to serve the Company;

wheReaS, in order to induce indemnitee to [provide]1 [continue to provide]2 services to the
Company, the Company wishes to provide for the indemnification of, and advancement of expenses
to, indemnitee to the maximum extent permitted by law;

wheReaS,  the  third  amended  and  Restated  Bylaws  (the  “Bylaws”)  of  the  Company
require  indemnification  of  the  officers  and  directors  of  the  Company,  and  indemnitee  may  also  be
entitled  to  indemnification  pursuant  to  the  General  Corporation  law  of  the  State  of  delaware  (the
“dGCl”);

wheReaS, the Bylaws and the dGCl expressly provide that the indemnification provisions
set  forth  therein  are  not  exclusive,  and  thereby  contemplate  that  contracts  may  be  entered  into
between the Company and members of the board of directors, officers and other persons with respect
to indemnification;

wheReaS,  the  Board  of  directors  of  the  Company  (the  “Board”)  has  determined  that  the
increased  difficulty  in  attracting  and  retaining  highly  qualified  persons  such  as  indemnitee  is
detrimental to the best interests of the Company’s stockholders;

wheReaS, it is reasonable and prudent for the Company contractually to obligate itself to
indemnify,  and  to  advance  expenses  on  behalf  of,  such  persons  to  the  fullest  extent  permitted  by
applicable law, regardless of any amendment or revocation of the Charter or the Bylaws, so that they
will  [serve]3 [continue  to  serve] 4 the  Company  free  from  undue  concern  that  they  will  not  be  so
indemnified; and

1 Plug: include for new executive officers.
2 Plug: include for existing executive officers.
3 Plug: include for new executive officers.
4 Plug: include for new executive officers.

1

wheReaS,  this  agreement  is  a  supplement  to  and  in  furtherance  of  the  indemnification
provided  in  the  Charter,  the  Bylaws  and  any  resolutions  adopted  pursuant  thereto,  and  shall  not  be
deemed a substitute therefor, nor to diminish or abrogate any rights of indemnitee thereunder.

now,  theReFoRe,  in  consideration  of  the  premises  and  the  covenants  contained  herein,

the Company and indemnitee do hereby covenant and agree as follows:

Section 1.

Services  to  the  Company.    indemnitee  agrees  to  serve  as  an  officer  of  the
Company.  indemnitee may at any time and for any reason resign from such position (subject to any
other  contractual  obligation  or  any  obligation  imposed  by  law),  in  which  event  the  Company  shall
have no obligation under this agreement to continue indemnitee in such position.  this agreement
shall not be deemed an employment contract between the Company (or any of its subsidiaries or any
enterprise) and indemnitee.

Section 2.

definitions.

as used in this agreement:

(a)

“affiliate” and “associate” shall have the respective meanings ascribed to such
terms  in  Rule  12b-2  of  the  General  Rules  and  Regulations  under  the  Securities  exchange  act  of
1934, as amended, as in effect on the date of this agreement; provided, however, that no Person who
is  a  director  or  officer  of  the  Company  shall  be  deemed  an  affiliate  or  an  associate  of  any  other
director or officer of the Company solely as a result of his or her position as director or officer of the
Company.

(b)

a Person shall be deemed the “Beneficial owner” of, and shall be deemed to

“Beneficially own” and have “Beneficial ownership” of, any securities:

(i)

which such Person or any of such Person’s affiliates or associates, directly or
indirectly, Beneficially owns (as determined pursuant to Rule 13d-3 of the Rules under the exchange
act, as in effect on the date of this agreement);

(ii)

which such Person or any of such Person’s affiliates or associates, directly or
indirectly, has: (a) the legal, equitable or contractual right or obligation to acquire (whether directly
or indirectly and whether exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time, compliance with
regulatory requirements, satisfaction of one or more conditions (whether or not within the control of
such  Person)  or  otherwise)  upon  the  exercise  of  any  conversion  rights,  exchange  rights,  rights,
warrants  or  options,  or  otherwise;  (B)  the  right  to  vote  pursuant  to  any  agreement,  arrangement  or
understanding (whether or not in writing); or (C) the right to dispose of pursuant to any agreement,
arrangement  or understanding  (whether  or not  in  writing)  (other  than  customary  arrangements  with
and between underwriters and selling group members with respect to a bona fide public offering of
securities);

(iii)

which are Beneficially owned, directly or indirectly, by any other Person (or
any  affiliate  or  associate  thereof)  with  which  such  Person  or  any  of  such  Person’s  affiliates  or
associates has any agreement, arrangement or understanding (whether or not in writing) (other than
customary agreements with and between underwriters and selling group members

2

with respect to a bona fide public offering of securities) for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting
or disposing of any securities of the Company; or

(iv)

that are the subject  of a derivative  transaction  entered  into by such Person or
any of such Person’s affiliates or associates, including,  for these purposes, any derivative  security
acquired  by such Person or any of such Person’s affiliates  or associates that gives such Person or
any of such Person’s affiliates or associates the economic equivalent of ownership of an amount of
securities due to the fact that the value of the derivative security is explicitly determined by reference
to the price or value of such securities, or that provides such Person or any of such Person’s affiliates
or associates an opportunity, directly or indirectly, to profit or to share in any profit derived from any
change  in  the  value  of  such  securities,  in  any  case  without  regard  to  whether  (a)  such  derivative
security conveys any voting rights in such securities to such Person or any of such Person’s affiliates
or  associates;  (B)  the  derivative  security  is  required  to  be,  or  capable  of  being,  settled  through
delivery of such securities; or (C) such Person or any of such Person’s affiliates or associates may
have entered into other transactions that hedge the economic effect of such derivative security.

notwithstanding the foregoing, no Person engaged in business as an underwriter of securities
shall be deemed the Beneficial owner of any securities acquired through such Person’s participation
as an underwriter in good faith in a firm commitment underwriting.

(c)

 a  “Change  in  Control”  shall  be  deemed  to  occur  upon  the  earliest  to  occur

after the date of this agreement of any of the following events:

(i)

acquisition of Stock by third Party. any Person is or becomes the Beneficial
owner  (as  defined  above),  directly  or  indirectly,  of  securities  of  the  Company  representing  fifty
percent (50%) or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding securities
unless the change in relative Beneficial ownership of the Company’s securities by any Person results
solely from a reduction  in the aggregate  number  of outstanding  shares of securities  entitled  to vote
generally  in  the  election  of  directors,  provided  that  a  Change  of  Control  shall  be  deemed  to  have
occurred  if  subsequent  to  such  reduction  such  Person  becomes  the  Beneficial  owner,  directly  or
indirectly,  of  any  additional  securities  of  the  Company  conferring  upon  such  Person  any  additional
voting power;

(ii)

Change in Board of directors. during any period of two (2) consecutive years
(not including any period prior to the execution of this agreement), individuals who at the beginning
of  such  period  constitute  the  Board,  and  any  new  director  (other  than  a  director  designated  by  a
Person  who  has  entered  into  an  agreement  with  the  Company  to  effect  a  transaction  described  in
Sections 2(c)(i), 2(c)(iii) or 2(c)(iv)) whose election by the Board or nomination for election by the
Company’s  stockholders  was  approved  by  a  vote  of  at  least  two-thirds  of  the  directors  then  still  in
office who either were directors at the beginning of the period or whose election or nomination for
election  was  previously  so  approved,  cease  for  any  reason  to  constitute  at  least  a  majority  of  the
members of the Board;

(iii)

Corporate transactions. the effective date of a merger or consolidation of the

Company with any other entity, other than a merger or consolidation which would result in

3

the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation
continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities
of  the  surviving  or  successor  entity)  more  than  50%  of  the  combined  voting  power  of  the  voting
securities  of  the  surviving  or  successor  entity  outstanding  immediately  after  such  merger  or
consolidation  and  with  the  power  to  elect  at  least  a  majority  of  the  board  of  directors  or  other
governing body of such surviving or successor entity;

(iv)

liquidation. the approval by the stockholders of the Company of a complete
liquidation  of  the  Company  or  an  agreement  for  the  sale,  lease,  exchange  or  other  transfer  by  the
Company, in one or a series of related transactions, of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets;
and

(v)

other events. there occurs any other event of a nature that would be required
to  be  reported  in  response  to  item  6(e)  of  Schedule  14a  of  Regulation  14a  (or  a  response  to  any
similar  item  on  any  similar  schedule  or  form)  promulgated  under  the  Securities  exchange  act  of
1934, as amended, whether or not the Company is then subject to such reporting requirement.

(d)

“Corporate  Status”  describes  the  status  of  a  person  as  a  current  or  former
officer of the Company or current or former director, manager, partner, officer, employee, agent or
trustee of any other enterprise which such person is or was serving at the request of the Company.

(e)

“enforcement  expenses”  shall  include  all  reasonable  attorneys’  fees,  court
costs, transcript costs, fees of experts, travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs,
telephone  charges,  postage,  delivery  service  fees,  and  all  other  out-of-pocket  disbursements  or
expenses of the types customarily incurred in connection with an action to enforce indemnification or
advancement  rights,  or  an  appeal  from  such  action.    expenses,  however,  shall  not  include  fees,
salaries, wages or benefits owed to indemnitee.

(f)

“enterprise”  shall

 mean  any  corporation  (other  than  the  Company),
partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan, limited liability company, or other legal entity
of which indemnitee is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, manager, partner,
officer, employee, agent or trustee.

(g)

“expenses” shall include all reasonable attorneys’ fees, court costs, transcript
costs,  fees  of  experts,  travel  expenses,  duplicating  costs,  printing  and  binding  costs,  telephone
charges, postage, delivery service fees, and all other out-of-pocket disbursements or expenses of the
types  customarily  incurred  in  connection  with  prosecuting,  defending,  preparing  to  prosecute  or
defend,  investigating,  being  or  preparing  to  be  a  witness  in,  or  otherwise  participating  in,  a
Proceeding or an appeal resulting from a Proceeding.  expenses, however, shall not include amounts
paid  in  settlement  by  indemnitee,  the  amount  of  judgments  or  fines  against  indemnitee  or  fees,
salaries, wages or benefits owed to indemnitee.

(h)

“independent  Counsel”  means  a  law  firm,  or  a  partner  (or,  if  applicable,
member  or shareholder)  of such a law firm,  that is experienced  in matters  of delaware  corporation
law and neither presently is, nor in the past five (5) years has been, retained to

4

represent:  (i)  the  Company,  any  subsidiary  of  the  Company,  any  enterprise  or  indemnitee  in  any
matter material to any such party; or (ii) any other party to the Proceeding giving rise to a claim for
indemnification hereunder.  notwithstanding the foregoing, the term “independent Counsel” shall not
include  any  Person  who,  under  the  applicable  standards  of  professional  conduct  then  prevailing,
would  have  a  conflict  of  interest  in  representing  either  the  Company  or  indemnitee  in  an  action  to
determine indemnitee’s rights under this agreement.  the Company agrees to pay the reasonable fees
and  expenses  of  the  independent  Counsel  referred  to  above  and  to  fully  indemnify  such  counsel
against  any  and  all  expenses,  claims,  liabilities  and  damages  arising  out  of  or  relating  to  this
agreement or its engagement pursuant hereto.

(i)

“Person”  shall  mean  (i)  an  individual,  a  corporation,  a  partnership,  a  limited
liability  company,  an  association,  a  joint  stock  company,  a  trust,  a  business  trust,  a  government  or
political  subdivision,  any  unincorporated  organization,  or  any  other  association  or  entity  including
any successor (by merger or otherwise) thereof or thereto, and (ii) a “group” as that term is used for
purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities exchange act of 1934, as amended.

(j)

the  term  “Proceeding”  shall  include  any  threatened,  pending  or  completed
action, suit, arbitration, alternate dispute resolution mechanism, investigation, inquiry, administrative
hearing or any other actual, threatened or completed proceeding, whether brought in the right of the
Company  or  otherwise  and  whether  of  a  civil,  criminal,  administrative,  regulatory  or  investigative
nature, and whether formal or informal, in which indemnitee was, is or will be involved as a party or
otherwise  by  reason  of  the  fact  that  indemnitee  is  or  was  an  officer  of  the  Company  or  is  or  was
serving  at  the  request  of  the  Company  as  a  director,  manager,  partner,  officer,  employee,  agent  or
trustee of any enterprise or by reason of any action taken by indemnitee or of any action taken on his
or her part while acting as an officer of the Company or while serving at the request of the Company
as  a  director,  manager,  partner,  officer,  employee,  agent  or  trustee  of  any  enterprise,  in  each  case
whether  or  not  serving  in  such  capacity  at  the  time  any  liability  or  expense  is  incurred  for  which
indemnification, reimbursement or advancement of expenses can be provided under this agreement;
provided, however, that the term “Proceeding” shall not include any action, suit or arbitration, or part
thereof, initiated by indemnitee to enforce indemnitee’s rights under this agreement as provided for
in Section 12(a) of this agreement.

Section 3.

indemnity  in  third-Party  Proceedings.    the  Company  shall  indemnify
indemnitee  to  the  extent  set  forth  in  this  Section  3  if  indemnitee  is,  or  is  threatened  to  be  made,  a
party to or a participant in any Proceeding, other than a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company
to  procure  a  judgment  in  its  favor.    Pursuant  to  this  Section  3,  indemnitee  shall  be  indemnified
against  all  expenses,  judgments,  fines,  penalties,  excise  taxes,  and  amounts  paid  in  settlement
actually  and  reasonably  incurred  by  indemnitee  or  on  his  or  her  behalf  in  connection  with  such
Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, if indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner he
or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company and, in the
case  of  a  criminal  proceeding,  had  no  reasonable  cause  to  believe  that  his  or  her  conduct  was
unlawful.  

5

Section 4.

indemnity in Proceedings by or in the Right of the Company.  the Company
shall indemnify indemnitee to the extent set forth in this Section 4 if indemnitee is, or is threatened to
be made, a party to or a participant in any Proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a
judgment  in  its  favor.    Pursuant  to  this  Section  4,  indemnitee  shall  be  indemnified  against  all
expenses actually and reasonably incurred by indemnitee or on his or her behalf in connection with
such  Proceeding  or  any  claim,  issue  or  matter  therein,  if  indemnitee  acted  in  good  faith  and  in  a
manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company.
 no indemnification for expenses shall be made under this Section 4 in respect of any claim, issue or
matter  as  to  which  indemnitee  shall  have  been  finally  adjudged  by  a  court  to  be  liable  to  the
Company, unless and only to the extent that the delaware Court of Chancery (the “delaware Court”)
shall  determine  upon  application  that,  despite  the  adjudication  of  liability  but  in  view  of  all  the
circumstances  of  the  case,  indemnitee  is  fairly  and  reasonably  entitled  to  indemnification  for  such
expenses as the delaware Court shall deem proper.

Section 5.

indemnification for expenses of a Party who is wholly or Partly Successful.
 notwithstanding any other provisions of this agreement and except as provided in Section 7, to the
extent  that  indemnitee  is  a  party  to  or  a  participant  in  any  Proceeding  and  is  successful  in  such
Proceeding  or  in  defense  of  any  claim,  issue  or  matter  therein,  the  Company  shall  indemnify
indemnitee  against  all  expenses  actually  and  reasonably  incurred  by  him  or  her  in  connection
therewith.  if indemnitee is not wholly successful in such Proceeding but is successful as to one or
more  but  less  than  all  claims,  issues  or  matters  in  such  Proceeding,  the  Company  shall  indemnify
indemnitee  against  all  expenses  actually  and  reasonably  incurred  by  indemnitee  or  on  his  or  her
behalf  in  connection  with  each  successfully  resolved  claim,  issue  or  matter.    For  purposes  of  this
Section and without limitation, the termination of any claim, issue or matter in such a Proceeding by
dismissal, with or without prejudice, shall be deemed to be a successful result as to such claim, issue
or matter.

Section 6.

Reimbursement  for  expenses  of  a  witness  or  in  Response  to  a  Subpoena.
 notwithstanding any other provision of this agreement, to the extent that indemnitee, by reason of
his or her Corporate Status, (i) is a witness in any Proceeding to which indemnitee is not a party and
is  not  threatened  to  be  made  a  party  or  (ii)  receives  a  subpoena  with  respect  to  any  Proceeding  to
which  indemnitee  is  not  a  party  and  is  not  threatened  to  be  made  a  party,  the  Company  shall
reimburse indemnitee for all expenses actually and reasonably incurred by him or her or on his or her
behalf in connection therewith.    

Section 7.

exclusions.  notwithstanding any provision in this agreement to the contrary,

the Company shall not be obligated under this agreement:  

(a)

to  indemnify  for  amounts  otherwise  indemnifiable  hereunder  (or  for  which
advancement  is  provided  hereunder)  if  and  to  the  extent  that  indemnitee  has  otherwise  actually
received  such  amounts  under  any  insurance  policy,  contract,  agreement  or  otherwise;  provided that
the  foregoing  shall  not  apply  to  any  personal  or  umbrella  liability  insurance  maintained  by
indemnitee;

6

(b)

to indemnify for an accounting of profits made from the purchase and sale (or
sale and purchase) by indemnitee of securities of the Company within the meaning of Section 16(b)
of the Securities exchange act of 1934, as amended, or similar provisions of state statutory law or
common law;

(c)

to  indemnify  for  any  reimbursement  of,  or  payment  to,  the  Company  by
indemnitee  of  any  bonus  or  other  incentive-based  or  equity-based  compensation  or  of  any  profits
realized by indemnitee from the sale of securities of the Company pursuant to Section 304 of SoX or
any  formal  policy  of  the  Company  adopted  by  the  Board  (or  a  committee  thereof),  or  any  other
remuneration  paid  to  indemnitee  if  it  shall  be  determined  by  a  final  judgment  or  other  final
adjudication that such remuneration was in violation of law;

(d)

to  indemnify  with  respect  to  any  Proceeding,  or  part  thereof,  brought  by
indemnitee against the Company, any legal entity which it controls, any director or officer thereof or
any third party, unless (i) the Board has consented to the initiation of such Proceeding or part thereof
and  (ii)  the  Company  provides  the  indemnification,  in  its  sole  discretion,  pursuant  to  the  powers
vested in the Company under applicable law; provided, however, that this Section 7(d) shall not apply
to  (a)  counterclaims  or  affirmative  defenses  asserted  by  indemnitee  in  an  action  brought  against
indemnitee  or  (B)  any  action  brought  by  indemnitee  for  indemnification  or  advancement  from  the
Company  under  this  agreement  or  under  any  directors’  and  officers’  liability  insurance  policies
maintained by the Company in the suit for which indemnification or advancement is being sought as
described in Section 12; or

(e)

to provide any indemnification or advancement of expenses that is prohibited
by applicable  law (as such law exists at the time payment would otherwise  be required  pursuant to
this agreement).

Section 8.

advancement  of  expenses.    Subject  to  Section  9(b),  the  Company  shall
advance  the  expenses  incurred  by  indemnitee  in  connection  with  any  Proceeding,  and  such
advancement shall be made within thirty (30) days after the receipt by the Company of a statement or
statements  requesting  such  advances  (including  any  invoices  received  by  indemnitee,  which  such
invoices  may be redacted  as necessary  to avoid  the waiver  of any privilege  accorded  by applicable
law) from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of any Proceeding.  advances shall
be unsecured and interest free.  advances shall be made without regard to indemnitee’s (i) ability to
repay  the  expenses,  (ii)  ultimate  entitlement  to  indemnification  under  the  other  provisions  of  this
agreement,  and  (iii)  entitlement  to  and  availability  of  insurance  coverage,  including  advancement,
payment  or  reimbursement  of  defense  costs,  expenses  or  covered  loss  under  the  provisions  of  any
applicable  insurance  policy  (including,  without  limitation,  whether  such  advancement,  payment  or
reimbursement  is  withheld,  conditioned  or  delayed  by  the  insurer(s)).    indemnitee  shall  qualify  for
advances upon the execution and delivery to the Company of this agreement which shall constitute
an undertaking providing that indemnitee undertakes to the fullest extent required by law to repay the
advance if and to the extent that it is ultimately determined by a court of competent jurisdiction in a
final  judgment,  not  subject  to  appeal,  that  indemnitee  is  not  entitled  to  be  indemnified  by  the
Company.    no  other  form  of  undertaking  shall  be  required.    the  right  to  advances  under  this
paragraph shall in all events continue until final disposition of any

7

Proceeding, including any appeal therein.  nothing in this Section 8 shall limit indemnitee’s right to
advancement pursuant to Section 12(e) of this agreement.

Section 9.

Procedure for notification and defense of Claim.

(a)

to  obtain  indemnification  under  this  agreement,  indemnitee  shall  submit  to
the  Company  a  written  request  therefor  specifying  the  basis  for  the  claim,  the  amounts  for  which
indemnitee  is  seeking  payment  under  this  agreement,  and  all  documentation  related  thereto  as
reasonably requested by the Company.  

(b)

in  the  event  that  the  Company  shall  be  obligated  hereunder  to  provide
indemnification  for  or  make  any  advancement  of  expenses  with  respect  to  any  Proceeding,  the
Company  shall be entitled  to assume the defense of such Proceeding,  or any claim, issue or matter
therein, with counsel approved by indemnitee (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or
delayed) upon the delivery to indemnitee of written notice of the Company’s election to do so.  after
delivery of such notice, approval of such counsel by indemnitee and the retention of such counsel by
the  Company,  the  Company  will  not  be  liable  to  indemnitee  under  this  agreement  for  any  fees  or
expenses of separate  counsel subsequently  employed  by or on behalf of indemnitee  with respect to
the same Proceeding; provided that (i) indemnitee shall have the right to employ separate counsel in
any such Proceeding at indemnitee’s expense and (ii) if (a) the employment of separate counsel by
indemnitee  has  been  previously  authorized  by  the  Company,  (B)  indemnitee  shall  have  reasonably
concluded  that  there  may  be  a  conflict  of  interest  between  the  Company  and  indemnitee  in  the
conduct of such defense, (C) the Company shall not continue to retain such counsel to defend such
Proceeding, or (d) a Change in Control shall have occurred, then the fees and expenses actually and
reasonably  incurred  by  indemnitee  with  respect  to  his  or  her  separate  counsel  shall  be  expenses
hereunder.  

(c)

in  the  event  that  the  Company  does  not  assume  the  defense  in  a  Proceeding
pursuant to paragraph (b) above, then the Company will be entitled to participate in the Proceeding at
its own expense.

(d)

the  Company  shall  not  be  liable  to  indemnify  indemnitee  under  this
agreement  for  any  amounts  paid  in  settlement  of  any  Proceeding  effected  without  its  prior  written
consent  (which  consent  shall  not  be  unreasonably  withheld  or  delayed).    without  limiting  the
generality of the foregoing, the fact that an insurer under an applicable insurance policy delays or is
unwilling to consent to such settlement or is or may be in breach of its obligations under such policy,
or the fact that directors’ and officers’ liability insurance is otherwise unavailable or not maintained
by the Company, may not be taken into account by the Company in determining whether to provide
its consent. the Company shall not, without the prior written consent of indemnitee (which consent
shall  not  be  unreasonably  withheld  or  delayed),  enter  into  any  settlement  which  (i)  includes  an
admission of fault of indemnitee, any non-monetary remedy imposed on indemnitee or any monetary
damages for which indemnitee is not wholly and actually indemnified hereunder or (ii) with respect
to any Proceeding with respect to which indemnitee may be or is made a party or may be otherwise
entitled  to  seek  indemnification  hereunder,  does not  include  the  full  release of  indemnitee  from  all
liability in respect of such Proceeding.

8

Section 10.

Procedure upon application for indemnification.

(a)

upon  written  request  by  indemnitee  for  indemnification  pursuant  to  Section
9(a),  a  determination,  if  such  determination  is  required  by  applicable  law,  with  respect  to
indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification hereunder shall be made in the specific case by one of
the following methods: (i) by a majority vote of the disinterested directors, even though less than a
quorum;  (ii)  by  a  committee  of  disinterested  directors  designated  by  a  majority  vote  of  the
disinterested directors, even though less than a quorum; or (iii) if there are no disinterested directors
or if the disinterested directors so direct, by independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board.
 For purposes hereof, disinterested directors are those members of the Board who are not parties to
the  action,  suit  or  proceeding  in  respect  of  which  indemnification  is  sought.    in  the  case  that  such
determination  is  made  by  independent  Counsel,  a  copy  of  independent  Counsel’s  written  opinion
shall  be  delivered  to  indemnitee  and,  if  it  is  so  determined  that  indemnitee  is  entitled  to
indemnification,  payment  to  indemnitee  shall  be  made  within  thirty  (30)  days  after  such
determination.    indemnitee  shall  cooperate  with  the  independent  Counsel  or  the  Company,  as
applicable, in making such determination with respect to indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification,
including  providing  to  such  counsel  or  the  Company,  upon  reasonable  advance  request,  any
documentation  or  information  which  is  not  privileged  or  otherwise  protected  from  disclosure  and
which  is  reasonably  available  to  indemnitee  and  reasonably  necessary  to  such  determination.    the
Company  shall  likewise  cooperate  with  indemnitee  and  independent  Counsel,  if  applicable,  in
making  such  determination  with  respect  to  indemnitee’s  entitlement  to  indemnification,  including
providing to such counsel and indemnitee, upon reasonable advance request, any documentation or
information which is not privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure and which is reasonably
available to the Company and reasonably necessary to such determination.  any out-of-pocket costs
or  expenses  (including  reasonable  attorneys’  fees  and  disbursements)  actually  and  reasonably
incurred  by  indemnitee  in  so  cooperating  with  the  independent  Counsel  or  the  Company  shall  be
borne  by  the  Company  (irrespective  of  the  determination  as  to  indemnitee’s  entitlement  to
indemnification)  and  the  Company  hereby  indemnifies  and  agrees  to  hold  indemnitee  harmless
therefrom.

(b)

if  the  determination  of  entitlement  to  indemnification  is  to  be  made  by
independent  Counsel  pursuant  to  Section  10(a),  the  independent  Counsel  shall  be  selected  by  the
Board.    indemnitee  may,  within  ten  (10)  days  after  written  notice  of  such  selection,  deliver  to  the
Company  a  written  objection  to  such  selection;  provided,  however,  that  such  objection  may  be
asserted only on the ground that the independent Counsel so selected does not meet the requirements
of “independent Counsel” as defined in Section 2 of this agreement, and the objection shall set forth
with  particularity  the  factual  basis  of  such  assertion.    absent  a  proper  and  timely  objection,  the
Person  so  selected  shall  act  as  independent  Counsel.    if  such  written  objection  is  so  made  and
substantiated, the independent Counsel so selected may not serve as independent Counsel unless and
until  such  objection  is  withdrawn  or  the  delaware  Court  has  determined  that  such  objection  is
without merit.  if, within twenty (20) days after the later of (i) submission by indemnitee of a written
request for indemnification pursuant to Section 9(a), and (ii) the final disposition of the Proceeding,
including  any  appeal  therein,  no  independent  Counsel  shall  have  been  selected  without  objection,
either indemnitee  or the Company  may petition  the delaware  Court for resolution  of any objection
which shall have been made by indemnitee or the Company to the selection of independent Counsel
and/or for the appointment as independent

9

Counsel of a Person selected by the court or by such other Person as the court shall designate.   the
Person  with  respect  to  whom  all  objections  are  so  resolved  or  the  Person  so  appointed  shall  act  as
independent  Counsel  under  Section  10(a)  hereof.    upon  the  due  commencement  of  any  judicial
proceeding or arbitration pursuant to Section 12(a) of this agreement, independent Counsel shall be
discharged  and  relieved  of  any  further  responsibility  in  such  capacity  (subject  to  the  applicable
standards of professional conduct then prevailing).

(c)

notwithstanding  anything  to  the  contrary  contained  in  this  agreement,  the
determination of entitlement to indemnification under this agreement shall be made without regard to
the  indemnitee’s  entitlement  to  and  availability  of  insurance  coverage,  including  advancement,
payment  or  reimbursement  of  defense  costs,  expenses  or  covered  loss  under  the  provisions  of  any
applicable  insurance  policy  (including,  without  limitation,  whether  such  advancement,  payment  or
reimbursement is withheld, conditioned or delayed by the insurer(s)).

Section 11.

Presumptions and effect of Certain Proceedings.

(a)

to  the  extent  permitted  by  applicable  law,  in  making  a  determination  with
respect to entitlement to indemnification hereunder, it shall be presumed that indemnitee is entitled to
indemnification  under  this  agreement  if  indemnitee  has  submitted  a  request  for  indemnification  in
accordance with Section 9(a) of this agreement, and the Company shall have the burden of proof and
the  burden  of  persuasion  by  clear  and  convincing  evidence  to  overcome  that  presumption  in
connection with the making of any determination contrary to that presumption.  

(b)

the termination of any Proceeding or of any claim, issue or matter therein, by
judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of guilty, nolo contendere or its equivalent,
shall  not  (except  as  otherwise  expressly  provided  in  this  agreement)  of  itself  adversely  affect  the
right  of  indemnitee  to  indemnification  or  create  a  presumption  that  indemnitee  did  not  act  in  good
faith and in a manner which he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests
of the Company or, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, that indemnitee had reasonable cause to
believe that his or her conduct was unlawful.

(c)

indemnitee shall be deemed to have acted in good faith if indemnitee’s actions
based on the records or books of account of the Company or any other enterprise, including financial
statements, or on information supplied to indemnitee by the directors, officers, agents or employees
of the Company or any other enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel
for the Company or any other enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the
Company or any other enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or
other expert selected with reasonable care by the Company or any other enterprise. the provisions of
this Section 11(c) shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in any way the other circumstances
in which indemnitee may be deemed to have met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this
agreement.  in  addition,  the  knowledge  and/or  actions,  or  failure  to  act,  of  any  director,  manager,
partner, officer, employee, agent or trustee of the Company, any subsidiary of the Company, or any
enterprise shall not be imputed to indemnitee for purposes of determining the right to

10

indemnification under this agreement. whether or not the foregoing provisions of this Section 11(c)
are satisfied, it shall in any event be presumed that indemnitee has at all times acted in good faith and
in  a  manner  indemnitee  reasonably  believed  to  be  in  or  not  opposed  to  the  best  interests  of  the
Company.  anyone  seeking  to  overcome  this  presumption  shall  have  the  burden  of  proof  and  the
burden of persuasion by clear and convincing evidence.

Section 12.

Remedies of indemnitee.

(a)

Subject to Section 12(f), in the event that (i) a determination is made pursuant
to  Section  10  of  this  agreement  that  indemnitee  is  not  entitled  to  indemnification  under  this
agreement,  (ii)  advancement  of  expenses  is  not  timely  made  pursuant  to  Section  8  of  this
agreement, (iii) no determination of entitlement to indemnification shall have been made pursuant to
Section 10(a) of this agreement within sixty (60) days after receipt by the Company of the request
for indemnification for which a determination is to be made other than by independent Counsel, (iv)
payment of indemnification or reimbursement of expenses is not made pursuant to Section 5 or 6 or
the  last  sentence  of  Section  10(a)  of  this  agreement  within  thirty  (30)  days  after  receipt  by  the
Company of a written request therefor (including any invoices received by indemnitee,  which such
invoices  may be redacted  as necessary  to avoid  the waiver  of any privilege  accorded  by applicable
law)  or  (v)  payment  of  indemnification  pursuant  to  Section  3  or  4  of  this  agreement  is  not  made
within  thirty  (30)  days  after  a  determination  has  been  made  that  indemnitee  is  entitled  to
indemnification, indemnitee shall be entitled to an adjudication by the delaware Court of his or her
entitlement to such indemnification or advancement.  alternatively, indemnitee, at his or her option,
may seek an award in arbitration to be conducted by a single arbitrator pursuant to the Commercial
arbitration  Rules  of  the  american  arbitration  association.    indemnitee  shall  commence  such
proceeding seeking an adjudication or an award in arbitration within 180 days following the date on
which  indemnitee  first  has  the  right  to  commence  such  proceeding  pursuant  to  this  Section  12(a);
provided,  however,  that  the  foregoing  time  limitation  shall  not  apply  in  respect  of  a  proceeding
brought by indemnitee to enforce his or her rights under Section 5 of this agreement.  the Company
shall not oppose indemnitee’s right to seek any such adjudication or award in arbitration.

(b)

in  the  event  that  a  determination  shall  have  been  made  pursuant  to  Section
10(a) of this agreement that indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification, any judicial proceeding or
arbitration  commenced  pursuant  to  this  Section  12  shall  be  conducted  in  all  respects  as  a  de  novo
trial,  or  arbitration,  on  the  merits  and  indemnitee  shall  not  be  prejudiced  by  reason  of  that  adverse
determination.  in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 12, the
Company  shall  have  the  burden  of  proving  indemnitee  is  not  entitled  to  indemnification  or
advancement, as the case may be.

(c)

if  a  determination  shall  have  been  made  pursuant  to  Section  10(a)  of  this
agreement  that  indemnitee  is  entitled  to  indemnification,  the  Company  shall  be  bound  by  such
determination in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 12, absent
(i)  a  misstatement  by  indemnitee  of  a  material  fact,  or  an  omission  of  a  material  fact  necessary  to
make  indemnitee’s  statement  not  materially  misleading,  in  connection  with  the  request  for
indemnification, or (ii) a prohibition of such indemnification under applicable law.

11

(d)

the Company shall be precluded from asserting in any judicial proceeding or
arbitration  commenced  pursuant  to  this  Section  12  that  the  procedures  and  presumptions  of  this
agreement are not valid, binding and enforceable and shall stipulate in any such court or before any
such arbitrator that the Company is bound by all the provisions of this agreement.  

(e)

the  Company  shall  indemnify  indemnitee  to  the  fullest  extent  permitted  by
law against  any and all  enforcement  expenses  and,  if  requested  by indemnitee,  shall  (within  thirty
(30)    days  after  receipt  by  the  Company  of  a  written  request  therefor)  advance,  to  the  extent  not
prohibited  by law, such enforcement  expenses to indemnitee,  which are incurred by indemnitee  in
connection  with  any  action  brought  by  indemnitee  for  indemnification  or  advancement  from  the
Company  under  this  agreement  or  under  any  directors’  and  officers’  liability  insurance  policies
maintained  by  the  Company  in  the  suit  for  which  indemnification  or  advancement  is being  sought.
 Such written request for advancement  shall include invoices received by indemnitee  in connection
with such enforcement expenses but, in the case of invoices in connection with legal services, any
references  to  legal  work  performed  or  to  expenditures  made  that  would  cause  indemnitee  to  waive
any privilege accorded by applicable law need not be included with the invoice.

(f)

notwithstanding anything in this agreement to the contrary, no determination
as to entitlement to indemnification under this agreement shall be required to be made prior to the
final disposition of the Proceeding, including any appeal therein.

Section 13.

non-exclusivity; Survival of Rights; insurance; Subrogation.

(a)

the rights of indemnification and to receive advancement as provided by this
agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which indemnitee may at any time be
entitled  under  applicable  law,  the  Charter,  the  Bylaws,  any  agreement,  a  vote  of  stockholders  or  a
resolution of directors, or otherwise.  no amendment, alteration or repeal of this agreement or of any
provision hereof shall limit or restrict any right of indemnitee under this agreement in respect of any
action taken or omitted by such indemnitee in his or her Corporate Status prior to such amendment,
alteration  or  repeal.    to  the  extent  that  a  change  in  delaware  law,  whether  by  statute  or  judicial
decision, permits greater indemnification or advancement than would be afforded currently under the
Charter, Bylaws and this agreement, it is the intent of the parties hereto that indemnitee shall enjoy
by  this  agreement  the  greater  benefits  so  afforded  by  such  change.    no  right  or  remedy  herein
conferred is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every other right and remedy
shall  be  cumulative  and  in  addition  to  every  other  right  and  remedy  given  hereunder  or  now  or
hereafter  existing  at  law  or  in  equity  or  otherwise.    the  assertion  or  employment  of  any  right  or
remedy  hereunder,  or  otherwise,  shall  not  prevent  the  concurrent  assertion  or  employment  of  any
other right or remedy.

(b)

to  the  extent  that  the  Company  maintains  an  insurance  policy  or  policies
providing liability insurance for directors, managers, partners, officers, employees, agents or trustees
of the Company or of any other enterprise, indemnitee shall be covered by such policy or policies in
accordance  with  its  or  their  terms  to  the  maximum  extent  of  the  coverage  available  for  any  such
director, manager, partner, officer, employee, agent or trustee under such policy or policies.  if, at the
time of the receipt of a notice of a claim pursuant to the terms hereof, the

12

Company has director and officer liability insurance in effect, the Company shall give prompt notice
of such claim to the insurers in accordance with the procedures set forth in the respective policies.  
the Company shall thereafter take all necessary or desirable action to cause such insurers to pay, on
behalf of the indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result of such Proceeding in accordance with the
terms  of  such  policies.  upon  request  of  indemnitee,  the  Company  shall  also  promptly  provide  to
indemnitee: (i) copies of all of the Company’s potentially applicable directors’ and officers’ liability
insurance policies, (ii) copies of such notices delivered to the applicable insurers, and (iii) copies of
all  subsequent  communications  and  correspondence  between  the  Company  and  such  insurers
regarding the Proceeding.

(c)

in  the  event  of  any  payment  under  this  agreement,  the  Company  shall  be
subrogated  to  the  extent  of  such  payment  to  all  of  the  rights  of  recovery  of  indemnitee,  who  shall
execute all papers required and take all action necessary to secure such rights, including execution of
such documents as are necessary to enable the Company to bring suit to enforce such rights.

(d)

the  Company’s  obligation  to  provide  indemnification  or  advancement
hereunder to indemnitee who is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, manager,
partner, officer, employee, agent or trustee of any other enterprise  shall be reduced by any amount
indemnitee has actually received as indemnification or advancement from such other enterprise.

Section 14.

duration  of  agreement.    this  agreement  shall  continue  until  and  terminate
upon  the  later  of:  (a)  ten  (10)  years  after  the  date  that  indemnitee  shall  have  ceased  to  serve  as  an
officer of the Company or (b) one (1) year after the final termination of any Proceeding, including
any  appeal,  then  pending  in  respect  of  which  indemnitee  is  granted  rights  of  indemnification  or
advancement hereunder and of any proceeding commenced by indemnitee pursuant to Section 12 of
this  agreement  relating  thereto.    this  agreement  shall  be  binding  upon  the  Company  and  its
successors and assigns and shall inure to the benefit of indemnitee and his or her heirs, executors and
administrators.    the  Company  shall  require  and  cause  any  successor  (whether  direct  or  indirect  by
purchase,  merger,  consolidation  or  otherwise)  to  all,  substantially  all  or  a  substantial  part,  of  the
business  and/or  assets of the  Company,  by written  agreement  in form  and substance  satisfactory  to
indemnitee, expressly to assume and agree to perform this agreement in the same manner and to the
same extent that the Company would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place.

Section 15.

Severability.  if any provision or provisions of this agreement shall be held to
be  invalid,  illegal  or  unenforceable  for  any  reason  whatsoever:  (a)  the  validity,  legality  and
enforceability  of  the  remaining  provisions  of  this  agreement  (including,  without  limitation,  each
portion of any section of this agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or
unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or
impaired  thereby  and  shall  remain  enforceable  to  the  fullest  extent  permitted  by  law;  (b)  such
provision  or  provisions  shall  be  deemed  reformed  to  the  extent  necessary  to  conform  to  applicable
law and to give the maximum  effect  to the intent of the parties  hereto;  and (c) to the fullest  extent
possible, the provisions of this agreement (including, without limitation, each portion of any section
of this agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid,

13

illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to
give effect to the intent manifested thereby.

Section 16.

enforcement.

(a)

the  Company  expressly  confirms  and  agrees  that  it  has  entered  into  this
agreement  and  assumed  the  obligations  imposed  on  it  hereby  in  order  to  induce  indemnitee  to
[serve]5 [continue  to  serve] 6 as  an  officer  of  the  Company,  and  the  Company  acknowledges  that
indemnitee is relying upon this agreement in serving as an officer of the Company.

(b)

this  agreement  constitutes  the  entire  agreement  between  the  parties  hereto
with  respect  to  the  subject  matter  hereof  and  supersedes  all  prior  agreements  and  understandings,
oral,  written  and  implied,  between  the  parties  hereto  with  respect  to  the  subject  matter  hereof;
provided,  however,  that  this  agreement  is  a  supplement  to  and  in  furtherance  of  the  Charter,  the
Bylaws and applicable law, and shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor to diminish or abrogate
any rights of indemnitee thereunder.

Section 17. Modification  and  waiver.    no  supplement,  modification  or  amendment,  or
waiver of any provision, of this agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by the parties
thereto.  no waiver of any of the provisions of this agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a
waiver of any other provisions of this agreement nor shall any waiver constitute a continuing waiver.
 no supplement, modification or amendment of this agreement or of any provision hereof shall limit
or restrict any right of indemnitee under this agreement in respect of any action taken or omitted by
such indemnitee prior to such supplement, modification or amendment.

Section 18.

notice by indemnitee.  indemnitee agrees promptly to notify the Company in
writing upon being served with any summons, citation, subpoena, complaint, indictment, information
or  other  document  relating  to  any  Proceeding  or  matter  which  may  be  subject  to  indemnification,
reimbursement  or  advancement  as  provided  hereunder.    the  failure  of  indemnitee  to  so  notify  the
Company or any delay in notification shall not relieve the Company of any obligation which it may
have to indemnitee under this agreement or otherwise, unless, and then only to the extent that, the
Company  did  not  otherwise  learn  of  the  Proceeding  and  such  delay  is  materially  prejudicial  to  the
Company’s  ability  to  defend  such  Proceeding  or  matter;  and,  provided,  further,  that  notice  will  be
deemed to have been given without any action on the part of indemnitee in the event the Company is
a party to the same Proceeding.

Section 19.

notices.  all notices, requests, demands and other communications under this
agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if (i) delivered by hand
and receipted for by the party to whom said notice or other communication shall have been directed,
(ii) mailed by certified or registered mail with postage prepaid, on the third business day after the date
on which it is so mailed, (iii) mailed by reputable overnight courier and receipted for by the party to
whom said notice or other communication shall have been

5 Plug: include for new executive officers.
6 Plug: include for existing executive officers.

14

directed  or  (iv)  sent  by  facsimile  transmission,  with  receipt  of  oral  confirmation  that  such
transmission has been received:

(a)

(b)

if to indemnitee, at such address as indemnitee shall provide to the Company.

if to the Company to:

Plug Power inc.
968 albany-Shaker Road
latham, nY 12110
Facsimile: (518) 782-7884
attn: General Counsel

or to any other address as may have been furnished to indemnitee by the Company.

Section 20.

Contribution.    to  the  fullest  extent  permissible  under  applicable  law,  if  the
indemnification  provided  for  in  this  agreement  is  unavailable  to  indemnitee  for  any  reason
whatsoever,  the  Company,  in  lieu  of  indemnifying  indemnitee,  shall  contribute  to  the  amount
incurred by indemnitee, whether for judgments, fines, penalties, excise taxes, amounts paid or to be
paid  in  settlement  and/or  for  expenses,  in  connection  with  any  Proceeding  in  such  proportion  as is
deemed  fair  and  reasonable  in  light  of  all  of  the  circumstances  in  order  to  reflect  (i)  the  relative
benefits  received  by  the  Company  and  indemnitee  in  connection  with  the  event(s)  and/or
transaction(s)  giving  rise  to  such  Proceeding;  and/or  (ii)  the  relative  fault  of  the  Company  (and  its
directors,  officers,  employees  and  agents)  and  indemnitee  in  connection  with  such  event(s)  and/or
transactions.

Section 21.

internal  Revenue  Code  Section  409a.    the  Company  intends  for  this
agreement  to  comply  with  the  indemnification  exception  under  Section  1.409a-1(b)(10)  of  the
regulations promulgated under the internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), which
provides that indemnification of, or the purchase of an insurance policy providing for payments of, all
or part of the expenses incurred or damages paid or payable by indemnitee with respect to a bona fide
claim against indemnitee or the Company do not provide for a deferral of compensation, subject to
Section 409a of the Code, where such claim is based on actions or failures to act by indemnitee in
his or her capacity as a service provider of the Company.  the parties intend that this agreement be
interpreted and construed with such intent.

Section 22.

applicable  law  and  Consent  to  Jurisdiction.    this  agreement  and  the  legal
relations among the parties shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance with, the
laws of the State of delaware, without regard to its conflict of laws rules.  except with respect to any
arbitration commenced by indemnitee pursuant to Section 12(a) of this agreement, the Company and
indemnitee hereby irrevocably and unconditionally (i) agree that any action or proceeding arising out
of or in connection with this agreement shall be brought only in the delaware Court, and not in any
other  state  or  federal  court  in  the  united  States  of  america  or  any  court  in  any  other  country,  (ii)
consent to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of

15

the delaware Court for purposes of any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this
agreement, (iii) consent to service of process at the address set forth in Section 19 of this agreement
with  the  same  legal  force  and  validity  as  if  served  upon  such  party  personally  within  the  State  of
delaware,  (iv)  waive  any  objection  to  the  laying  of  venue  of  any  such  action  or  proceeding  in  the
delaware Court, and (v) waive, and agree not to plead or to make, any claim that any such action or
proceeding brought in the delaware Court has been brought in an improper or inconvenient forum.

Section 23.

headings.  the headings of the paragraphs of this agreement are inserted for
convenience  only  and  shall  not  be  deemed  to  constitute  part  of  this  agreement  or  to  affect  the
construction thereof.

Section 24.

identical  Counterparts.    this  agreement  may  be  executed  in  one  or  more
counterparts,  each  of  which  shall  for  all  purposes  be  deemed  to  be  an  original  but  all  of  which
together shall constitute one and the same agreement.  only one such counterpart signed by the party
against  whom  enforceability  is  sought  needs  to  be  produced  to  evidence  the  existence  of  this
agreement.

Section 25. Monetary  damages  insufficient/Specific  enforcement.    the  Company  and
indemnitee  agree  that  a  monetary  remedy  for  breach  of  this  agreement  may  be  inadequate,
impracticable  and  difficult  of  proof,  and  further  agree  that  such  breach  may  cause  indemnitee
irreparable harm. accordingly, the parties hereto agree that indemnitee may enforce this agreement
by  seeking  injunctive  relief  and/or  specific  performance  hereof,  without  any  necessity  of  showing
actual damage or irreparable harm (having agreed that actual and irreparable harm will result in not
forcing the Company to specifically perform its obligations pursuant to this agreement) and that by
seeking injunctive relief and/or specific performance, indemnitee shall not be precluded from seeking
or obtaining any other relief to which he may be entitled. the Company and indemnitee further agree
that  indemnitee  shall  be  entitled  to  such  specific  performance  and  injunctive  relief,  including
temporary  restraining  orders,  preliminary  injunctions  and  permanent  injunctions,  without  the
necessity of posting bonds or other undertaking in connection therewith. the Company acknowledges
that in the absence of a waiver, a bond or undertaking may be required of indemnitee by the Court,
and the Company hereby waives any such requirement of a bond or undertaking.

[Remainder of Page intentionally left Blank]

16

in witneSS wheReoF, the parties have caused this agreement to be signed as of the day

and year first above written.

PLUG POWER INC.

By:

name:
title:

name:

Exhibit 10.31

MASTER LEASE AGREEMENT 
(DEMO EQUIPMENT)

this  Master  lease  agreement  (this  "agreement"),  dated  as  of  april  10,  2019,  is  made
between wells Fargo equipment Finance, inc., a Minnesota corporation (together with its successors
and  assigns,  the  "lessor"),  and  Plug  Power  inc.,  a  corporation  incorporated  under  the  laws  of
delaware  (the  "lessee").  lessor  and  lessee  are  referred  to  in  this  agreement  individually  as  a
"Party" and, collectively, as the "Parties". Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the
meaning set forth for such terms in the Master Purchase agreement (as defined below).

WHEREAS,  lessor  is  in  the  business  of  owning  and  leasing  equipment  and  has  purchased
and plans to continue to purchase, from time to time, certain fuel cell equipment from lessee pursuant
to the Master Purchase and Sale agreement, dated as of the date  hereof, between lessor and lessee
(as the same may be amended, supplemented  or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Master
Purchase agreement") when and as the conditions to such purchase are met as provided herein;

WHEREAS,  lessee  desires  to  lease  such  fuel  cell  equipment  as  further  described  in  this

agreement when and as the conditions to such lease are met as provided herein; and

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants, representations, warranties
and agreements  hereinafter  set forth,  and intending  to be legally  bound hereby,  the Parties  agree as
follows:

1.

LEASE;  DEMO  AGREEMENT.  (a)  lessor  agrees  to  lease  to  lessee  and  lessee
agrees to lease from lessor certain fuel cell equipment (the "equipment") as further described in one
or  more  schedules  to  this  agreement,  each  in  the  form  attached  hereto  as exhibit  a  (each  such
schedule being a separate "lease" and collectively, the "leases"). the terms of this agreement shall
control  and  be  effective  as  to  each  lease,  unless  expressly  amended  or  modified  in  writing.  the
equipment shall be installed and placed in service at various locations within the continental united
States as indicated in each lease (each such location, and each location to which any equipment is
relocated pursuant to Section 8(b), a "Site"). the purchase by lessor from lessee of equipment under
the Master Purchase agreement and the entering into by lessor of each lease for equipment shall be
subject to the satisfaction (or waiver by lessor in its sole discretion) of the conditions precedent set
forth in Section 11.

(b)

lessee represents and warrants that, as of the execution and delivery of each lease, the
equipment subject to such lease: (i) is mechanically complete; (ii) has been fully tested at lessee’s
manufacturing  facility,  shown  to  operate  as  intended,  and  is  ready  for  use;  (iii)  has  no  defects  of
which  lessee  is  aware  that  could  reasonably  be  expected  to  prevent  such  equipment  from  being
operated as intended; (iv) is not subject to a power purchase agreement; (v) is not held or accounted
for by lessee as inventory in its sales or manufacturing business (other than its demonstration lease
business); and (vi) is either (x) the subject of a demo

agreement  (as  defined  below)  whereby  daily  and  continuous  operation  of  such  equipment  at  the
applicable Site has begun, or (y) lessee is actively seeking to cause such equipment to be the subject
of a demo agreement. a "demo agreement" means an agreement between lessee and  a customer or
potential customer of lessee (each, a "demo Customer"), pursuant to which such demo Customer is
granted a right to use equipment leased under a lease at the applicable Site.

(c)

lessee hereby covenants that in no event shall any demo agreement (i) transfer to a
demo  Customer  any  ownership  rights  in  equipment,  (ii)  have  a  term  (initially  or  as  a  result  of  an
extension) that ends later than the then existing lease term of the related lease or (iii) permit any
demo Customer to sublease equipment or otherwise allow another person or entity to use equipment.

(d)

in  addition,  lessee  covenants  that  in  no  event  shall  (i)  any  demo  Customer  be  a
disqualified Person (as defined below) for any portion of the term of the demo agreement to which
it  is  a  party  or  (ii)  the  entering  into  of  any  demo  agreement  or  use  of  equipment  by  any  demo
Customer cause a loss, disallowance, reduction or recapture of the tax Benefits (as defined in Section
18(a)). a "disqualified Person" means: (i) the united States, any state or political subdivision thereof,
any possession of the united States or any agency or instrumentality of any of the foregoing; (ii) any
organization which is exempt from tax imposed by the internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended
from  time  to  time,  and  any  successor  thereto  (the  "Code")  (including  any  former  tax-exempt
organization within the meaning of Section 168(h)(2)(e) of the Code); (iii) any Person who is not a
"united States person" (within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code); (iv) any indian tribal
government  described  in  Section  7701(a)(40)  of  the  Code;  (v)  any  “tax-exempt  controlled  entity”
under Section 168(h)(6)(F) of the Code; (vi) any entity referred to in paragraph (4) of Section 54(j) of
the  Code; (vii) a mutual savings bank, cooperative bank, or domestic building and loan association to
which Code Section 593 applies; (viii) a regulated investment company or real estate investment trust
subject  to  taxation  under  subchapter  M,  chapter  1  of  the  Code;  (ix)  a  cooperative  organization
described  in  Code  Section  1381(a);  and  (x)  a  partnership  or  other  pass-through  entity  (including  a
disregarded entity) a direct owner of which is described in clause (a)–(ix) or this clause (x); provided,
that any such Person shall not be considered a disqualified Person to the extent that (a) the exception
under  Section  168(h)(1)(d)  of  the  Code  applies  with  respect  to  the  income  from  the  use  of  the
equipment  by  that  Person,  (B)  the  Person  is  described  within clause (iii) of  this  definition  and  the
exception under Section 168(h)(2)(B)(i) of the Code applies with respect to the income from the use
of the equipment by such Person, or (C) such Person avoids being a "tax-exempt controlled entity"
under Section 168(h)(6)(F) of the Code by making an election under Section 168(h)(6)(F)(ii) of the
Code.

2.

TERM AND RENT. the initial term ("initial term") for each lease shall be for the
initial period specified in such lease, and lessee shall pay lessor the Rent specified in such lease
throughout the initial term for the use of the equipment leased under such lease. the initial term
and Rent with respect to each item of equipment shall commence on, and lessee will be obligated to
pay Rent from, the Rental Commencement date of the lease under which such equipment is leased.
For purposes of this agreement, the term "Rent" shall mean and

2

include  all  amounts  payable  by  lessee  to  lessor  for  the  lease  of  the  equipment.  as  used  in  this
agreement,  the  term  "lease  term"  of  any  lease  means  the  initial  term  of  such  lease,  plus any
Renewal term (as defined in Section 15) of such lease.  all Rent payable under each lease shall be
paid to the account of lessor in u.S. dollar same day funds to the account specified in such lease (or
such  other  account  as  lessor  shall  notify  to  lessee  upon  10  business  days  prior  written  notice),  and
lessee shall permit lessor to debit the account of lessee at M&t Bank ([***]) to make any payment
of Rent when due under a lease.

3.

LATE CHARGES. if any Rent or other amount due hereunder is not paid within ten
(10)  days  after  the  due  date  thereof,  lessor  shall  have  the  right  to  receive  and  collect,  and  lessee
agrees to pay, in addition to such unpaid Rent or other amount due hereunder, an amount equal to 1.5%
of such unpaid Rent or other amount due hereunder for each month or part thereof that such Rent or
other amount due hereunder remains unpaid.

4.

DISCLAIMER  OF  WARRANTIES.    lessee  acknowledges  that  lessor  is  not    the
manufacturer  of  the  equipment,  nor  manufacturer's  agent,  and  lessee  agrees  that  as  between  lessor
and  lessee,  the  equipment  leased  hereunder  is  of  a  design,  size,  fitness  and  capacity  selected  by
lessee and that lessee is satisfied that the same is suitable and fit for its intended purpose. leSSee
FuRtheR  aCKnowledGeS  that  the  eQuiPMent  iS  leaSed  undeR  thiS
aGReeMent  and  eaCh  leaSe  on  an  ‘aS-iS,'  ‘wheRe  iS'  BaSiS  and  that  leSSoR
MaKeS  no  RePReSentation  oR  waRRantY  oF  anY  Kind,  eXPReSS  oR  iMPlied,
with ReSPeCt to anY oF the eQuiPMent, itS MeRChantaBilitY, oR itS FitneSS
FoR  a  PaRtiCulaR  PuRPoSe.  leSSoR  Shall  not  Be  liaBle  to  leSSee  oR  anY
otheR PeRSon (inCludinG anY deMo CuStoMeR) FoR diReCt, indiReCt, SPeCial,
inCidental oR ConSeQuential daMaGeS aRiSinG FRoM leSSee'S oR anY otheR
PeRSon'S  (inCludinG  anY  deMo  CuStoMeR'S)  uSe  oF  the  eQuiPMent,  anY
deFeCt oR MalFunCtion oF the eQuiPMent, oR FoR daMaGeS BaSed on StRiCt
oR  aBSolute  toRt  liaBilitY  oR  leSSoR'S  neGliGenCe.  no  defect  or  unfitness  of  the
equipment shall relieve lessee of the obligation to timely pay Rent, or to perform any other obligation
under this agreement.

5.

ASSIGNMENT OF WARRANTIES.  notwithstanding the foregoing, so long   as no
default (as defined in Section 19) has occurred hereunder and is continuing, lessee shall   be entitled
to  the  benefit  of  any  applicable  manufacturer's  warranties  received  or  held  by  lessor  or  from  which
lessor otherwise benefits, and to the  extent  assignable,  lessor  hereby  assigns  such warranties to
lessee for the lease term for each lease.  in the event that any warranty is  not assignable to lessee,
lessor  hereby  appoints  lessee  as  lessor's  agent  and  attorney-in-fact  with  respect  to  such  warranty,
which appointment is coupled with an interest, to assert and enforce, from time to time, in the name of
and for the account of the lessor and the lessee, as their interests may appear, but in all cases at the
sole cost and expense of the lessee, any such warranty, and so long as no default shall have occurred
and be continuing, lessee may retain   any recovery from such claim.

3

6.

USE,  OPERATION  AND  MAINTENANCE.  lessee  shall    use    and    shall    cause
each demo Customer to use, the equipment in the manner for which it was designed and intended,
solely  for  lessee's  (or  a  demo  Customer's)  business  purposes,  substantially  in  accordance  with  all
manufacturer  manuals  and  instructions  and  in  compliance  with  applicable  law.  as  used  herein,
"applicable  law"  means  all  applicable  laws,  statutes,  regulations,  ordinances,  orders  and  other
requirements of any governmental authority (including such requirements necessary to ensure that the
equipment  qualifies  for  all  tax  benefits  and  environmental  attributes,  in  each  case,  to  the  extent
available  by  law  to  the  owner  of  the  equipment  as  of  the  date  of  the  applicable  lease).  lessee,  at
lessee's own cost and expense, shall keep the equipment in good repair, condition and working order,
ordinary  wear  and  tear  excepted,  sufficient  to  perform  according  to  the  requirements  of  this
agreement and each demo agreement, and shall furnish or otherwise obtain all parts, mechanisms,
devices  and  servicing  required  therefor  in  the  ordinary  course.  lessee  shall  also  make,  at  lessee's
own cost and expense, all modifications to the equipment as are required from time to time for the
equipment  to  comply  with  applicable  law  and  each  demo  agreement,  provided  no  such
modifications  shall  diminish  the  current  or  estimated  residual  value,  utility,  function,  operation  or
remaining  useful  life  of  the  equipment  (or  any  portion  thereof)  or  cause  the  equipment  (or  any
portion thereof) to constitute "limited use property" within the meaning of Rev. Proc. 2001-28, 2001-
19  i.R.B.  1156  or  Rev.  Proc.  2001-29,  2001-19  i.R.B.  1160  (or  any  successors  thereto).  all
replacement  parts  and  repairs  at  any  time  made  to  or  placed  upon  the  equipment  shall  become  the
property of lessor at no cost to lessor and with no adjustment to the schedules of any lease. lessee
may  (at  no  cost  to  lessor  and  with  no  adjustment  to  the  schedules  of  any  lease)  make  such
alterations, modifications or additions to the equipment as lessee may deem desirable in the conduct
of its business; provided the same shall not diminish the current or estimated residual value, utility,
function, operation or remaining useful life of the equipment (or any portion thereof), cause the loss
of  any  warranty  thereon  or  any  certification  necessary  for  the  maintenance  thereof,  or  cause  the
equipment  (or  any  portion  thereof)  to  constitute  "limited  use  property"  within  the  meaning  of  Rev.
Proc. 2001-28, 2001-19 i.R.B. 1156 or Rev. Proc. 2001-29, 2001-19 i.R.B. 1160 (or any successors
thereto). all such alterations, modifications or additions to the equipment shall be readily removable
without  causing  damage  to  the  equipment  (or  any  portion  thereof).  upon  return  to  lessor  of  the
equipment  as  to  which  such  alterations,  modifications  or  additions  have  been  made,  lessee,  if
requested  to  do  so  by  lessor,  shall  remove  the  same  and  restore  the  equipment  to  its  original
condition,  ordinary  wear  and  tear  excepted,  and,  if  not  so  removed,  title  thereto  shall  automatically
vest in lessor (at no cost to lessor). lessor acknowledges that any data files or software developed or
installed by lessee which is resident or otherwise installed on the equipment shall be and remain the
property  of lessee; provided, however, that  the  lessor  shall  have  no  obligation  or  responsibility  to
remove or return same to lessee.

7.

NET LEASE. this agreement is a "net lease", and lessee's obligation to pay all Rent
and  other  amounts  due  and  owing  hereunder  is  absolute  and  unconditional  and  shall  not  be
terminated, extinguished, diminished, setoff or otherwise impaired by any circumstance whatsoever,
including  by  (a)  any  claim,  setoff,  counterclaim,  defense  or  other  right  which  lessee  may  have
against lessor or any affiliate of lessor; (b) any defect in the title, condition, design,

4

operation, merchantability or fitness for use of the equipment, or any eviction of the equipment by
paramount  title  or  otherwise  from  the  Site,  or  any  unavailability  of  access  to  the  equipment  at  the
Site;  (c)  any  loss,  theft  or  destruction  of,  or  damage  to,  the  equipment  or  any  portion  thereof  or
interruption or cessation in the use or possession thereof or any part thereof for any reason whatsoever
and of whatever duration; (d) the condemnation, requisitioning, expropriation, seizure or other taking
of  title  to  or  use  of  the  equipment  or  the  Site  by  any  governmental  entity  or  otherwise;  (e)  any
ineligibility of the equipment or any portion thereof for any particular use, whether or not due to any
failure  of  lessee  to  comply  with  any  applicable  law;  (f)  any  event  of  "force  majeure"  or  any
frustration  of  purpose;  (g)  any  insolvency,  bankruptcy,  reorganization  or  similar  proceeding  by  or
against  lessee;  (h)  any  default  under  or  termination  of,  a  demo  agreement,  or  the  failure  of  any
demo agreement to be in full force and effect; (i) any defect in the title to, or the existence of any
lien with respect to, the equipment; or (j) the upgrading, conversion or relocation of any equipment,
including any relocation made pursuant to Section 8(b), it being the intention of the Parties hereto that
all Rent and other amounts payable under this agreement shall continue to be payable in the manner
and at times provided for herein. if  for any reason whatsoever this agreement is terminated in whole
or  in  part  by  operation  of  law  or  otherwise,  lessee  nonetheless  agrees,  to  the  extent  permitted  by
applicable law, to pay to lessor an amount equal to each installment of Rent and all other amounts
due  and  owing  hereunder,  at  the  time  such  payment  would  have  become  due  and  payable  in
accordance with the terms hereof had this agreement not been so terminated.

8.

NO LIENS; REMOVAL; ABANDONMENT; QUIET ENJOYMENT. (a) lessee
shall  keep  the  equipment  free  and  clear  from  all  liens,  charges,  encumbrances,  legal  process  and
claims  other  than  Permitted  liens  (as  defined  in  the  Master  Purchase  agreement).  lessee  shall
promptly notify lessor of the imposition of any lien (other than Permitted liens) of which the lessee
becomes  aware  and  shall  promptly  use  commercially  reasonable  efforts,  at  lessee's  own  cost  and
expense, to fully discharge and release any such lien.

(b)

lessee shall not move the equipment from the location specified in the lease therefor
without the prior written consent of lessor; provided, however, that lessee may relocate any item of
equipment  (each  such  item  being  "Relocated equipment"),  so  long  as  the  following  conditions  are
satisfied:

(i)

lessee shall, within the earlier to occur of (x) ten (10) Business days following
such relocation and (y) the date on which the next report is required to be delivered by lessee
pursuant  to Section 20(e),  provide  lessor  written  notice  specifying  in  reasonable  detail:  (a)
each item of equipment comprising the Relocated equipment and
(B) the Site from and to which such Relocated equipment is being relocated;

(ii)

the Relocated equipment shall be relocated to a site located in the continental

united States;

(iv)

as a result of such relocation, there is no suspension in use of any equipment,

including the Relocated equipment; and

5

(v)

the Relocated equipment is packed into appropriate shipping containers and the
shipment  thereof  is  insured  for  the  fair  market  value  of  such  Relocated  equipment  at  such
time.

(c)

lessee agrees not to waive its right to use and possess the equipment in favor of any
party  other  than  lessor  and  further  agrees  not  to  abandon  the  equipment  to  any  party  other  than
lessor.

(d)

So long as lessee faithfully performs and meets each and every term and condition to
be performed or met by lessee under this agreement, lessee's quiet and peaceful possession and use
of  the  equipment  will  not  be  disturbed  by  lessor  or  anyone  claiming  by,  through  or  on  behalf  of
lessor.

9.

TITLE.  (a)  lessor  and  lessee  agree  that  the  equipment  (including  any  equipment
that is upgraded, converted, or otherwise modified, or relocated pursuant to Section 8(b)) is and at all
times  shall  remain  the  sole  and  exclusive  personal  property  of  lessor  (subject  to  Section  25),  and
lessee  covenants  that  it  will  at  all  times  treat  the  equipment  as  such  and  that  no  part  of  the
equipment shall be considered or treated as a fixture. no right, title or interest in the equipment shall
pass  to  lessee  other  than  the  right  to  maintain  possession  and  use  of  the  equipment  for  the  lease
term,  conditioned  upon  lessee's  compliance  with  the  terms  and  conditions  of  this  agreement.  if
requested  by lessor, lessee shall affix to or place on the equipment,  at lessor's expense, plates or
markings indicating lessor's ownership.

(b) the Parties agree that this agreement will be a "true lease," and the lessor will be treated
as owner of the equipment and lessee will be treated as lessee and, accordingly, the Parties agree that
the  lessor  will  be  entitled  to  claim  any  and  all  benefits  available  to  an  owner  of  the  equipment,
including (i) all tax Benefits (as defined in Section 18), and (ii) all rights and interests in and to any
environmental  attributes  associated  with  the  energy  output  from  the  equipment  that,  as  a  matter  of
law, belong to the owner rather than the user of the equipment (all such attributes in this clause (ii),
specifically  excluding  any  tax  Benefits,  the  "environmental  attributes").  lessor  hereby  assigns  to
lessee, solely for the duration of the lease term, all of its rights and interests in and to any and all
environmental  attributes  currently  available  by  law  to  an  owner  of  the  equipment  as  of  the  date
hereof.  For  the  avoidance  of  doubt,  lessor  does  not  assign  to  lessee  any  environmental  attributes
that, due to any future change in law, may become available to an owner of the equipment (including,
but not limited to, any carbon credits). in the event that this agreement or any lease is deemed to be
a lease intended for security, lessee hereby grants lessor a purchase money security interest in the
equipment (including any replacements, substitutions, additions, attachments and proceeds).

10.

TAXES. lessee shall promptly reimburse lessor, or shall pay directly if so requested
by lessor, as additional Rent, all taxes, charges and fees (including any interest, additions to tax and
penalties) that may now or hereafter be imposed or levied by any governmental body or agency upon
or  in  connection  with  the  purchase,  ownership,  lease,  sublease,  possession,  use  or  location  of  the
equipment or otherwise in connection with the transactions contemplated by this agreement or any
lease, including, without limitation, sales,

6

use, property (real or personal and tangible or intangible), value added or other transfer taxes on (i)
the  initial  sale  of  equipment  to  lessor,  (ii)  the  Rents,  (iii)  the  sale  of  power  to,  or  the  use  of  the
equipment by, the demo Customer under or otherwise with respect to any demo agreement, (iv) any
payment of termination Value (as defined in Section 12) and (v) upon any exercise of the Purchase
option, Renewal option or Return option (in each case, as defined in Section 14), but excluding any
and  all  taxes,  charges  and  fees  (including  any  interest,  additions  to  tax  and  penalties)  (a)  on  or
measured  by  the  net  income  of  lessor,  but  excluding  taxes  that  are  in  the  nature  of  sales,  use,
property (real or personal and tangible or intangible), value added or other transfer taxes, (B) resulting
from lessor's negligence, or (C) resulting from or arising out of any failure on the part of lessor to
file any tax returns or pay any taxes owing on a timely basis or any errors or omissions on lessor's
tax  returns  unless  lessee  is  responsible  under  this  agreement  for  filing  the  returns,  lessee  has  not
provided information requested by lessor that is necessary to file such tax returns or lessor's failure
to file any tax returns or any errors or omissions on such tax returns is attributable to lessee's fraud,
negligence or misrepresentation. lessee shall file, in a timely manner and in the name of lessor as
owner,  any  personal  property  tax  returns  relating  to  the  equipment  that  are  required  to  be  filed
covering periods during the lease term, pay the amounts shown on the returns and provide copies of
such  returns  and  proof  of  payment  to  lessor.  Failure  of  lessee  to  pay  promptly  amounts  due
hereunder shall be treated the same as failure to pay any installment of Rent pursuant to Section 3. if
lessee is requested by lessor to file any other returns or remit payments directly to any governmental
body or agency, lessee shall timely file such returns and remit such payments and shall provide proof
of said timely filing or payment to lessor.

11.

CONDITIONS  PRECEDENT  TO  PURCHASE  OF  EQUIPMENT  AND
ENTERING  INTO  OF  LEASES.  lessor  and  lessee  hereby  agree  that  the  purchase  by  lessor  of
any  equipment  from  lessee  pursuant  to  the  Master  Purchase  agreement  and  the  entering  into  by
lessor of any lease hereunder is expressly conditioned on the following:

(a) this agreement shall have been executed and delivered by lessor and lessee and shall be
in  full  force  and  effect,  and  no  default  (as  defined  in  Section  19)  shall  have  occurred  and  be
continuing.

(b) the  Master  Purchase  agreement  shall  have  been  executed  and  delivered  by  lessor  and

lessee and shall be in full force and effect.

(c) there shall not have occurred any material adverse condition or material adverse change
in or affecting the business, operations, properties, condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of
lessee or the l/C issuer (as defined in exhibit B), since april 4, 2019.

(d) there shall not have been any material new litigation initiated against lessee or the l/C

issuer since december 31, 2018.

(e) there  shall  not  have  occurred  any  material  adverse  change  in  the  business  reputation  of

lessee or the l/C issuer since april 4, 2019.

7

(f) there  shall  not  have  occurred  an  event  since  april  4,  2019  that  would,  in  the  sole
reasonable opinion of lessor, make it illegal or commercially impractical for lessor to enter into any
of the lease documents (as defined below).

(g) if either (i) the date on which such lease is to be executed and delivered is after december
31, 2019 or (ii) the purchase of such equipment and the entering into of such lease would cause the
aggregate Purchase Price paid by lessor for equipment leased under leases to exceed $25,000,000,
then (x) in the case of clause (i) of this Section 11(g), there shall have been a change in law to cause
the energy percentage under section 48(a)(2) of the Code applicable to the equipment for investment
tax  credit  purposes  to  remain  thirty  percent  (30%)  and  (y)  in  the  case  of  clauses  (i)  and  (ii)  of  this
Section 11(g), lessor  shall  have  obtained  all  required  credit  approvals  to  purchase  such  equipment
and enter into such lease.

(h) the  Purchase  Price  for  the  purchase  of  such  equipment  to  be  leased  under  such  lease

shall be no less than $1,000,000.

(i) all fees and expenses of the appraiser and of counsel to lessor shall have been paid (or
shall be paid in conjunction with the payment by lessor of the Purchase Price of such equipment to
be leased under such lease).

(j) Such  other  documents,  certificates  and  items  shall  have  been  delivered  to  lessor  (unless
such delivery has been waived by lessor in its sole discretion), in each case, as provided in exhibit B.
the documents set forth in items 1 through 4 of exhibit B, as each may be amended, supplemented or
otherwise  modified  from  time  to  time,  together  with  this  agreement  and  the  Master  Purchase
agreement, are referred to herein, collectively, as the "lease documents".

12.

LOSS OF OR DAMAGE TO EQUIPMENT. lessee hereby assumes and shall bear
the risk of loss for destruction of or damage to the equipment from any and every cause whatsoever,
whether  or  not  insured,  until  the  equipment  is  returned  to  lessor.  no  such  loss  or  damage  shall
impair any obligation of lessee under this agreement, which shall continue in full force and effect. in
event of damage to or theft, loss or destruction of any equipment (or any item thereof), lessee shall
promptly notify lessor in writing of such fact and of all details with respect thereto, and shall, within
thirty  (30)  days  of  such  event,  at  lessee's  option,  (a)  place  the  same  in  good  repair,  condition  and
working  order,  (b)  at  lessee's  expense,  dispose  of  such  equipment  (or  any  item  thereof)  in
accordance with applicable law, substitute such equipment (or any item thereof) with equipment of
equivalent  or  superior  manufacture,  make,  model  and  features,  unless  this  option  is  expressly
prohibited in the lease related to such equipment, in good repair, condition and working order and
transfer clear title to such replacement property to lessor whereupon such property shall be subject to
this  agreement  and  the  applicable  other  lease  documents  and  be  deemed  equipment  for  purposes
hereof and thereof, or (c) pay lessor an amount equal to the sum of (i) all Rent under the lease for
such equipment accrued but unpaid to the date of such payment, plus (ii) the then termination Value
(as defined below) of such equipment, whereupon such lease shall terminate, subject to Section 22,
solely with respect to such equipment (or any item thereof) for which such payment is received by
lessor.

8

any  insurance  proceeds  received  with  respect  to  such  equipment  (or  any  item  thereof)  shall  be
applied,  in  the  event  option  (c)  of  this  Section  12 is  elected,  in  reduction  of  the  then  unpaid
obligations, including the termination Value, of lessee to lessor, if not already paid by lessee, or, if
already paid by lessee, to reimburse lessee for such payment, or, in the event option (a) or (b) of this
Section  12 is  elected,  to  reimburse  lessee  for  the  costs  of  repairing,  restoring  or  replacing  such
equipment (or any item thereof) upon receipt by lessor of evidence, satisfactory to lessor, that such
repair,  restoration  or  replacement  has  been  completed,  and  an  invoice  has  been  provided  therefor.
"termination Value" means, at any time, with respect to the equipment leased under any lease, the
amount set forth on attachment #3 to such lease at (or on the first scheduled date on attachment #3 to
such lease prior to) such time.

13.

INSURANCE. (a) lessee shall keep the equipment insured against theft and all risks
of loss or damage, subject to policy limitations or exclusions reasonably acceptable to lessor, from
every cause whatsoever for an amount equal to the higher of the replacement value of the equipment
and  the  termination  Value  of  the  equipment  and  shall  carry  general  liability  insurance,  both  for
personal  injury  and  property  damage,  and  lessee  shall  be  liable  for  all  deductible  portions  of  all
required  insurance.  all  such  insurance  shall  be  maintained  with  insurance  companies  rated  a-X  or
better  by  Best's  insurance  Guide  and  Key  Ratings  (or  an  equivalent  rating  by  another  nationally
recognized  insurance  rating  agency  of  similar  standing  if  Best's  insurance  Guide  and  Key  Ratings
shall  no  longer  be  published)  or  with  other  insurance  companies  of  recognized  responsibility
satisfactory to lessor. all insurance for theft, loss or damage shall provide that losses, if any, shall be
payable  to  lessor,  and  all  such  liability  insurance  shall  name  lessor  (or  lessor's  assignee  as
appropriate) as additional insured and shall be endorsed to state that it shall be primary insurance as to
lessor.  lessee  shall  pay  the  premiums  therefor  and  deliver  to  lessor  a  certificate  of  insurance  or
other evidence satisfactory to lessor that such insurance coverage is in effect; provided, however, that
lessor  shall  be  under  no  duty  either  to  ascertain  the  existence  of  or  to  examine  such  insurance
policies  or  to  advise  lessee  in  the  event  such  insurance  coverage  shall  not  comply  with  the
requirements hereof.  each insurer shall agree by endorsement upon the policy or policies issued by it
or by independent instrument furnished to lessor, that it will give lessor at least ten (10) days' prior
written notice of cancellation of the policy for nonpayment of premiums and at least thirty (30) days'
prior  written  notice  for  alteration  or  cancellation  due  to  any  other  reason  or  for  non-renewal  of  the
policy. the proceeds of such insurance payable as a result of loss of or damage to the equipment shall
be applied as set forth in Section 12.

(b) if lessee fails to obtain insurance or provide evidence thereof to lessor, lessee agrees that
lessor may, but shall not be obligated to, obtain such insurance on lessee's behalf and charge lessee
for  all  costs  and  expenses  associated  therewith.  without  limiting  the    forgoing,  lessee  specifically
agrees that if lessor obtains insurance on lessee's behalf, lessee will be required to pay a monthly
insurance  charge.  the  insurance  charge  will  include  reimbursement  for  premiums  advanced  to  the
insurer, finance charges (which will typically be at a rate higher than the rate used to determine the
Rent), billing and tracking fees, administrative expenses and other related fees. lessor shall receive a
portion of the insurance charges, which

9

may include a profit from such finance charges, billing, tracking, administrative and other charges.

except  as  provided  in  the  immediately  preceding  paragraph,  any  other  insurance  obtained  by  or
available  to  lessor  shall  be  secondary  insurance,  and  lessor  shall  be  solely  liable  for  all  costs
associated therewith.

14.

END  OF  LEASE  TERM  OPTIONS.  not  later  than  ninety  (90)  days  prior  to  the
expiration of the initial term or any Renewal term (as defined below) of a lease, lessee shall notify
lessor  in  writing  whether  it  intends  at  the  expiration  of  such  term  to  (i)  renew  such  lease  in
accordance with Section 15 (the "Renewal option"), (ii) purchase the equipment leased under such
lease  in  accordance  with  Section  16 (the  " Purchase  option"),  or  (c)  return  the  equipment  leased
under such lease to lessor (the "Return option"); provided that the Renewal option or the Purchase
option  may  only  be  exercised  so  long  as  (x)  no  default  under  this  agreement  has  occurred  and  is
then continuing and (y) lessor provides its consent to lessee's exercise of the Renewal option or the
Purchase  option  (as  applicable),  which  consent  may  be  given  or  withheld  by  lessor  in  its  sole
discretion. if lessee does not provide this notice at the end of an initial term or any Renewal term,
then such initial term or Renewal term (as applicable) shall be automatically extended on a month-
to-month basis at the monthly rental rate equal to the final Rent payment due immediately prior to the
end of such initial term or Renewal term and such month-to-month renewal term (the "Month-to-
Month Renewal  term")  shall  be  terminable  by  lessee  or  lessor  by  giving  the  other  Party  not  less
than thirty (30) days prior written notice (the "Month-to-Month Renewal term termination notice").
if such Month-to-Month Renewal term termination notice is given by either Party, lessee shall be
deemed to have elected the Return option at the end of such Month-to-Month Renewal term. if the
equipment leased under such lease is not then in good repair, condition and working order, ordinary
wear and tear excepted, or has not been maintained in accordance with Section 6 hereof, lessee shall
promptly  reimburse  lessor  for  all  reasonable  costs  incurred  to  restore  such  equipment  to  such
condition. if, at the end of any lease term or any Month-to Month Renewal term for a lease, lessee
has elected or is deemed to have elected the Return option, then lessee shall, within sixty (60) days
of  the  end  of  such  lease  term  or  Month-to-Month  Renewal  term  (as  applicable),  at  lessee's
expense,  (i)  reimburse  lessor  for  the  costs  to  restore  such  equipment  as  provided  above  and  (ii)
remove  all  of  such  equipment  from  the  relevant  Site,  repair  any  damage  to  the  relevant  location
caused  by  such  removal  so  the  Site  is  restored  to  its  original  condition  at  the  time  such  equipment
was installed, pack such equipment into appropriate shipping containers, insure the shipment for the
fair market value of such equipment at such time, and cause such equipment to be delivered to such
location  within  the  united  States  as  lessor  may  specify,  free  of  any  hazardous  materials  or
environmental concerns.

15.

LEASE RENEWAL. (a) if the Renewal option is elected in accordance with Section
14 with respect to a lease, then such lease (with respect to all, but not less than all, of the equipment
leased under such lease) shall be extended for such term as lessor and lessee mutually agree, (each
such term, a "Renewal term"), commencing on the day following the last day of the initial term or
the prior Renewal term of such lease, as applicable. Rent payable

10

during any Renewal term shall be the Fair Market Rental Value for the equipment leased under such
lease,  as  determined  below.  the  commencement  of  any  Renewal  term  for  a  lease  is  conditioned
upon mutually agreeable lease terms between lessor and lessee and any credit enhancements as may
be required by lessor.

(b)

the  Fair  Market  Rental  Value  (as  defined  below)  of  the  equipment  leased  under  a
lease,  as  of  the  commencement  of  the  Renewal  term  of  such  lease,  shall  be  determined  by
agreement  of  lessor  and  lessee  within  sixty  (60)  days  after  receipt  by  lessor  of  the  irrevocable
notice from lessee of its election to renew such lease, or, if they shall fail to agree within such sixty
(60)  day  period,  shall  be  determined  by  a  qualified,  independent  appraiser  that  is  a  member  of  the
american Society of appraisers and that is selected by lessee and approved by lessor, such approval
not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed (the "appraisal Procedure"), with the fair market value as
determined by such appraiser to be binding and conclusive on the Parties as the "Fair Market Rental
Value"  for  purposes  of  such  lease  and  the  fees  and  expenses  of  the  appraiser  shall  be  borne  by
lessee. the Rent payable during any Renewal term shall be equal  to the average of the Rent payable
during the twelve (12) month period immediately preceding such (as defined below) Renewal term
until  the  Fair  Market  Rental  Value  is  determined,  at  which  time  the  prior  Rent  payments  shall  be
adjusted to take into account such determination.

(c)

the  amounts  that  are  payable  during  any  Renewal  term  for  a  lease  as  termination
Value shall be determined on the basis of the fair market sales value of the equipment leased under
such lease as of the commencement of such Renewal term and shall be set forth in a schedule to be
mutually agreed by lessor and lessee prior to the commencement of such Renewal term. if lessor
and  lessee  cannot  agree  on  the  fair  market  sales  value,  such  amount  shall  be  determined  by  the
appraisal Procedure, and the fees and expenses of the appraiser shall be borne by lessee.

11

16.

PURCHASE  OPTION.  (a)  if  the  Purchase  option  is  elected  in  accordance  with
Section 14 with respect to a lease, lessee shall have the option to purchase all but not less than all of
the equipment leased under such lease from lessor for an amount equal to the then fair market value
of such equipment as agreed by lessee and lessor, or if they fail to so agree, as determined by the
appraisal Procedure (any such amount, the "Purchase option amount"). the Purchase option for a
lease shall be consummated as of the close of business on the closing date set forth in lessee's notice
(which shall be three (3) business days following the end of the lease term for such lease), or on
such other date as the Parties may otherwise agree (any such date being the "Purchase date").

(b)

if  lessee  elects  to  exercise  the  Purchase  option  with  respect  to  a lease,  then  on  the
Purchase date for such lease, lessee shall pay to lessor (i) the Purchase option amount for such
lease and all sales, use, value added and other taxes required to be paid or otherwise indemnified by
the  lessee  pursuant  to  Sections  10 and  18,  plus (ii)  any  unpaid  Rent  and  any  other  outstanding
amount due under this agreement and such lease on or before such date.

(c)

upon  payment  of  all  sums  specified  in  this  Section  16,  the  applicable  lease  shall
terminate and, at the request of lessee, lessor shall transfer its rights in the equipment leased under
such lease to the lessee on an "as is," "where is" basis without representation or warranty.

12

17.

LESSEE INDEMNITY. lessee  assumes liability  for and  shall indemnify,  save,  and
hold  harmless  lessor  and  lessor's  officers,  directors,  employees,  agents  and  assignees  from  and
against any and all third party claims, actions, suits or proceedings of any kind and nature whatsoever,
including all damages, liabilities, penalties, costs, expenses and reasonable consultant and legal fees
(hereinafter  "Claim(s)")  based  on,  arising  out  of,  connected  with  or  resulting  from  the  equipment,
lessee's  obligations  under  this  agreement,  or  lessee's  or  any  demo  Customer's  possession,  use  or
operation  of  the  equipment  including,  without  limitation,  Claims  relating  to  ownership,  use,
possession  or  disposal  of  the  equipment,  Claims  arising  in  contract  or  tort  (including  negligence,
strict  liability  or  otherwise),  Claims  arising  out  of  latent  defects  of  the  equipment  (regardless  of
whether  the  same  are  discoverable  by  lessor  or  lessee),  Claims  arising  out  of  or  relating  to  the
violation  of  applicable  law,  including  environmental  law,  or  the  existence  or  release  of  hazardous
materials at the site where the equipment is located, or Claims arising out of any trademark, patent or
copyright  infringement,  but  excluding  (a)  any  Claims  that  accrue  in  respect  of  circumstances  that
occur  after  lessor  has  taken  possession  of  the  equipment  after  termination  of  this  agreement,
provided  that  such  Claims  do  not  relate  to  lessee's  or  any  demo  Customer's  use,  possession  or
operation  of  the  equipment,  (b)  any  Claims  that  result  from  the  gross  negligence  or  willful
misconduct  of  lessor,  and  (c)  Claims  for  taxes    (it  being  agreed  that  lessee's  indemnification
obligations with respect to taxes are set forth in Sections 10 and  18). if any Claim is made against
lessee or lessor, the Party receiving notice of such Claim shall promptly notify the other Party, but
the  failure  of  the  Party  receiving  notice  to  notify  the  other  Party  shall  not  relieve  lessee  of  any
obligation hereunder.

18.

TAX INDEMNITY.

(a)

lessee  acknowledges  that  the  Rent  in  each  lease  has  been  calculated  on  the
assumption  that  lessor  will  be  the  owner  of  the  equipment  for  federal,  state  and  local  income  tax
purposes  on  the  date  it  acquires  the  equipment  pursuant  to  the  Master  Purchase  agreement,  that  it
will remain the sole owner after entering into the applicable lease and that, for federal, state and local
income  tax  purposes,  it  will  be  able  to  (i)  claim  an  investment  tax  credit  (for  federal  income  tax
purposes) under section 48(a)(3)(iv) of the Code on the Rental Commencement date equal to 30% of
the appraised fair market value of the equipment on the Rental Commencement date (as determined
by  the  appraiser),  (ii)  claim  cost  recovery  reductions  of  one    hundred  percent  (100%)  of  lessor's
depreciable  Cost  (as  defined  below),  under  section  168(k)(1)  of  the  Code,  in  the  taxable  year  that
includes  the  Rental  Commencement  date  with  respect  thereto  and  assuming  such  equipment's
salvage value is zero and (iii) amortize transaction expenses incurred in connection with each lease
ratably over the applicable initial term. the  foregoing investment tax credit, depreciation deductions
and amortization deductions are referred to herein as the "tax Benefits." "lessor's depreciable Cost"
means (1) for state and local income tax purposes, the appraised fair market value of the equipment
on the Rental Commencement date (as determined by the appraiser) and (2) for federal income tax
purposes, the appraised fair market value of the equipment on the Rental Commencement date (as
determined by the appraiser), reduced by 50% of the investment tax credit in clause (i) above. the
"appraiser" for purposes of this Section 18 has the meaning given to such term in  exhibit B to this
agreement.  lessee  acknowledges  further  that  the  Rent  in  each  lease  has  been  calculated  on  the
assumption

13

that  lessor  will  have  to  report  the  Rent  as  income  in  the  periods  and  amounts  shown  on  the  Rent
schedule to such lease.

(b)

lessee represents, warrants and covenants to lessor the following: (i)(a) for purposes
of the investment tax credit, the equipment will be treated as "placed in service" for federal income
tax purposes and the original use of the equipment will be deemed to commence for federal income
tax purposes on the applicable Rental Commencement date and (B) for purposes of the depreciation
deductions,  (1)  the  equipment  will  be  treated  as  "placed  in  service"  on  the  applicable  Rental
Commencement  date  and  (2)  the  acquisition  retirements  set  forth  in  section  168(k)(2)(e)(ii)  of  the
Code have been met; (ii) there was no binding contract in place for the equipment as of September
27,  2017;  (iii)  all  of  the  equipment  was  originally  placed  in  service  by  lessee  on  a  date  that  is  no
more than three (3) months before the closing on the purchase of the equipment by lessor and lease
back of such equipment under this agreement to lessee (the "original Placed-in-Service date"); (iv)
during  the  period  beginning  on  the  original  Placed-in-Service  date  and  ending  on  the  date  of  the
purchase  of  the  equipment  by  lessor  and  lease  back  of  such  equipment  under  this  agreement  to
lessee, no person or entity other than lessee has had any ownership interest in the equipment or any
part thereof; (v) all of the equipment was new when it was originally placed in service by lessee; (vi)
all of the equipment will be considered "qualified fuel cell property" within the meaning of Section
48(c)(1)  of  the  Code;  (vii)  lessor  will  be  able  to  claim  a  30%  investment  tax  credit  under  section
48(a)(3)(iv) of the Code based on the appraised fair market value of the equipment as of the Rental
Commencement  date  (as  determined  by  the  appraiser);  (viii)  all  of  the  equipment  qualifies  as  "5-
year property" within the meaning of Section 168(e)(3)(B)(vi)(i) of the Code; (ix) lessor will have a
tax basis for purposes of calculating the investment tax credit equal to the appraised fair market value
of the equipment as of the Rental Commencement date (as determined by the appraiser); (x) lessor
will have a tax basis for (a) state and local income tax depreciation purposes equal to the appraised
fair  market  value  of  the  equipment  on  the  Rental  Commencement  date  (as  determined  by  the
appraiser)  and (B) for federal  income  tax depreciation  purposes  equal to 85% of the appraised  fair
market  value  of  the  equipment  as  of  the  Rental  Commencement  date  (as  determined  by  the
appraiser),  which  takes  into  account  a  reduction  in  basis  equal  to  50%  of  the  30%  investment  tax
credit  amount;  (xi)  the  equipment  will  not  be  considered  "tax-exempt  use  property"  within  the
meaning of section 168(h) of the Code during the lease term other than solely due to the fact that
lessor (or any member of lessor) is or becomes a tax-exempt entity within the meaning of section
168(h)(2) of the Code; (xii) the equipment will not be considered used by a disqualified Person as a
result of any lease or demo agreement (in each case, other than as a result of the status of lessor or
any  member  of  lessor);  (xiii)  as  of  the  applicable  Rental  Commencement  date,  no  portion  of  the
equipment is, and at no time during the lease term will any portion of the equipment become, tax-
exempt bond financed property within the meaning of Section 168(g)(5) of the Code or financed with
"subsidized  energy  financing"  within  the  meaning  of  Section  48(a)(4)  of  the  Code,  other  than  as  a
result of the status of lessor or any member of lessor or actions taken by lessor; (xiv) the equipment
will  be  used  solely  in  the  united  States;  (xv)  the  equipment  will  not  be  subject  to  the  alternative
depreciation system under section 168(g) of the Code (assuming no election by

14

lessor under section 168(g)(1)(e) of the Code); (xvi) lessee has not claimed and will not claim, or
cause to be claimed, an investment tax credit under section 48(a)(3)(iv) of the Code or other federal
tax  credit,  in  each  case  with  respect  to  the  equipment  or  any  portion  thereof;  (xvii)  on  the  Rental
Commencement date applicable to the equipment, the equipment will not require any improvements,
modifications or additions (other than ancillary items of a kind customarily selected and furnished by
lessees  of  property  of  the  same  kind  as  the  equipment)  in  order  for  the  equipment  to  be  rendered
complete for its intended use by lessee; (xviii) lessee will not take a position for u.S. federal or state
income tax purposes that it is the owner of any portion of the equipment during the lease term or
that is inconsistent with any of the tax assumptions set forth in this Section 18; (xix) at no time during
the  period  beginning  on  the  applicable  Rental  Commencement  date  and  ending  on  the  fifth
anniversary  of  such  date  (the  "Recapture  Period")  will  the  equipment  or  any  portion  thereof  be
disposed  of  or  otherwise  cease  to  be  (in  each  case  within  the  meaning  of  section  50  of  the  Code)
"qualified  fuel  cell  property"  within  the  meaning  of  Section  48(c)(1)  of  the  Code,  other  than  as  a
result  of  the  status  of  lessor  or  any  member  of  the  lessor  or  actions  taken  by  lessor;  and  (xx)  all
written information provided by or on behalf of lessee to the appraiser was accurate and complete in
all  material  respects  and  remains  accurate  and  complete  on  the  applicable  Rental  Commencement
date.

(c)

lessee covenants that it has not, and will not at any time from such delivery through
the  term  of  this  agreement,  take  any  action  or  omit  to  take  any  action  (whether  or  not  the  same  is
permitted  or required  hereunder)  that is inconsistent  with  the tax assumptions  in Section 18(a), that
could  contribute  to  loss  by  lessor  of  all  or  any  part  of  the  tax  Benefits  or  that  could  require  the
lessor to report Rent as income ahead of the periods to which the Rent is allocated in the applicable
Rent  schedule,  including  by  entering  into  a  demo  agreement  with  a  disqualified  Person.  lessee
covenants that it will provide lessor promptly upon request any information that lessor requires in
connection  with  claiming  any  tax  Benefits  and  responding  to  questions  from  the  internal  Revenue
Service.

(d)

if as a result of any act, omission, breach of warranty or covenant or misrepresentation
by  lessee,  the  tax  Benefits  are  lost,  disallowed,  eliminated,  reduced,  delayed,  recaptured,
compromised or are otherwise unavailable to lessor (any of the foregoing being a "loss") or lessor
is  required  to  report  Rent  as  income  ahead  of  the  periods  to  which  the  Rent  is  allocated  in  the
applicable  Rent  schedule  (an  "inclusion"),  then  lessee  will  pay  lessor  promptly  on  demand  an
amount that will compensate lessor fully for the loss or inclusion (including any interest, penalties
or additions  to tax)  on an  after-tax  basis,  subject  to the last sentence  of this Section 18(d). For this
purpose,  "after-tax  basis"  means  an  amount  determined  by  dividing  the  amount  of  the  loss  or
inclusion by one minus the maximum composite federal, state and local corporate income tax rates in
effect at time of payment. upon payment of the full indemnity amount by lessee, the act, omission,
breach of warranty or covenant or misrepresentation of lessee that caused a loss will not be deemed
a default hereunder. if requested by lessee, lessor agrees to attempt in good faith to challenge any
assertion by the internal Revenue Service that will lead to a loss; provided, however, lessee has first
paid to lessor the amount of such loss and agreed in writing to indemnify lessor for all reasonable
expenses (including attorneys' fees),

15

liabilities  or  losses  that  lessor  may  incur  in  the  contest.  lessor  will  have  the  sole  discretion  to
determine whether or not to undertake judicial or administrative proceedings beyond the level of an
internal Revenue Service auditing agent and to select counsel to handle the contest; provided that if
the  claim  must  be  paid  before  the  matter  can  be  heard  in  court,  lessee  will  advance  the  funds
necessary to do so on an interest-free basis. For purposes of this Section 18, the term "lessor" shall
include the entity or entities, if any, with which lessor files a consolidated income tax return.

19.

DEFAULT AND REMEDIES. (a) lessee shall be in default under this agreement if:
(i)  lessee  fails  to  pay  Rent  or  any  other  payment  due  and  owing  hereunder,  including  an  tax
indemnity set forth in Section 18, within five (5) business days of the due date thereof; (ii) (a) any
representation or warranty made by lessee in Section 1(b) shall prove to be false or misleading or (B)
any other respresentation or warranty made by lesseer herein or in any document delivered to lessor
in connection  herewith  shall  prove  to be false  or misleading  and,  in the case of this clause  (B),  the
false or misleading nature of such representation or warranty is not corrected within thirty (30) days
following  receipt  of  written  notice  thereof  from  lessor;  (iii)  a  breach  of  the  covenant  set  forth  in
Section 1(c), Section 1(d), Section 18(b), Section 25(c) or Section 26(c) shall  have  occurred;  (iv)  a
lease  fails  to  be  considered  a  "true  lease"  for  federal  income  tax  purposes  as  a  result  of  any  act,
omission,  breach  of  warranty  or  covenant  or  misrepresentation  by  lessee;  (v)  lessee  becomes
insolvent,  dissolves,  or  assigns  its  assets  for  the  benefit  of  creditors,  or  enters  any  bankruptcy  or
reorganization proceeding; (vi) lessee fails to observe, keep or perform any other term or condition
of  this  agreement  or  any  other  lease  document  and  such  failure  continues  for  thirty  (30)  days
following  receipt  of  written  notice  from  lessor;  (vii)  lessee  undergoes  a  Change  in  Control  (as
defined below) without the prior written approval of lessor, where "Change in Control" means any
reorganization,  recapitalization,  consolidation  or  merger  (or  similar  transaction  or  series  of  related
transactions)  of  lessee  in  which  the  holders  of  lessee's  outstanding  shares  immediately  before
consummation  of  such  transaction  or  series  of  related  transactions  do  not,  immediately  after
consummation  of  such  transaction  or  series  of  related  transactions,  retain  shares  representing  more
than fifty percent (50%) of the voting power of the surviving entity or such transaction  or series of
related transactions (or the parent of such surviving entity if such surviving entity is wholly owned by
such parent), in each case without regard to whether lessee is the surviving entity; and/or (viii) any
payment  default  has  occurred  and  is  continuing  under  any  master  lease  agreement  that  currently  or
may hereinafter exist between lessor and lessee or any affiliate of lessee (after giving effect to any
applicable grace or cure periods therein) (each of (i) through (viii), a "default").

(b)

if a default shall have occurred and be continuing, lessor shall have the right to take
any one or more of the following actions: (i) cancel or terminate this agreement and/or  each lease
and repossess the equipment; (ii) proceed by appropriate court action or actions at law or in equity to
enforce performance by lessee of the terms and conditions of this agreement and each lease and/or
recover damages for the breach thereof; (iii) accelerate all of the amounts due hereunder by requiring
lessee to pay lessor an amount equal to the sum of (a) all Rent and any other amounts accrued to the
date of such payment, plus (B) the aggregate termination

16

Value for all equipment; and/or (iv) exercise any other right or remedy available at law or in equity.

(c)

upon payment in full to lessor of the amounts set forth in Section 19(b)(iii), from or
on  behalf  of  lessee,  the  applicable  lease  shall  terminate  (except  as  set  forth  in  Section 22) solely
with respect to the equipment (or any item thereof) leased under such lease for which such payment
is received by lessor and, at the request of lessee, lessor shall transfer its rights in such equipment
to lessee or lessee's designee on an "as is," "where is" basis without representation or warranty.

20.

REPORTS.  (a)  within  sixty  (60)  days  after  the  end  of  each  quarterly  period  during
lease term, lessee shall deliver to lessor unaudited quarterly financial statements for lessee as of
the  end  of  such  quarterly  period,  prepared  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting
principles in the united States ("GaaP"), it being understood that this Section 20(a) shall be deemed
satisfied  if  such  quarterly  financial  statements  are  timely  filed  by  lessee  with  the  Securities  and
exchange Commission in compliance with applicable law.

(b) within one hundred twenty (120) days after the end of each calendar year during the
lease  term,  lessee  shall  deliver  to  lessor  audited  annual  financial  statements  for  lessee  as  of  the
end  of  such  calendar  year,  prepared  in  accordance  with  GaaP;  provided that  if  audited  annual
financial  statements  are  not  prepared  for  lessee  in  the  ordinary  course  for  any  year  then  unaudited
annual financial statements for lessee for such year may be provided if they are certified by the chief
financial  officer  of  lessee  as  prepared  in  accordance  with  GaaP,  it  being  understood  that  this
Section 20(b) shall be deemed satisfied if such annual financial statements are timely filed by lessee
with the Securities and exchange Commission in compliance with applicable law.

(c)

Promptly, but in any event within ten (10) business days after receipt thereof, a copy of
each periodic report received by lessee during the lease term from each maintenance provider for
the equipment and, if requested by lessor, each periodic report and other notice  sent to or received
by a demo Customer.

(d)

Promptly  upon,  but  no  later  than  ten  (10)  business  days  after,  lessor's  request  from
time to time, such data, certificates, reports, statements, documents and further information regarding
the  business,  assets,  liabilities,  financial  condition,  or  results  of  operations  of  lessee  as  the  lessor
may reasonably request.

(e)

on  the  last  business  day  of  January,  april,  July  and  october,  a  schedule  indicating
each item of equipment leased under each of the leases as of such date, listed by Site and identifying
(a) the product/model type and serial number of each such item of equipment and (b) any such item
of equipment (i) that had been relocated from its original Site (noting the Site to and from which such
item  of  equipment  had  been  relocated)  or  (ii)  whose  product/model  type  had  been  upgraded,
converted or otherwise modified (noting the original and modified product/model type), in each case,
since the Rental Commencement date of the applicable lease.

17

21.

FURTHER  ASSURANCES.  lessee  agrees  (a)  at  the  written  request  of  lessor,  to
execute and/or deliver to lessor any uniform Commercial Code financing statements, fixture filings
or other instruments lessor reasonably deems necessary for expedient filing, recording or perfecting
the interest and title of lessor in this agreement, any lease and the equipment, (b) that a copy of this
agreement and any lease may be filed in accordance with clause (a), provided the economic terms
not  necessary  for  filing  shall  have  been  deleted  therefrom,  (c)  that  all  reasonable  and  documented
costs incurred in connection with any actions taken in accordance with clause (a), including, without
limitation,  costs  for  filing  fees  and  taxes,  shall  be  paid  by  lessee,  and  (d)  to  promptly,  at  lessee's
expense,  deliver  such  other  reasonable  documents  and  assurances,  and  take  such  further  action  as
lessor may reasonably request in writing, in order to effectively carry out the intent and purpose of
this agreement and each lease.

22.

SURVIVAL.

 lessee's  covenants,

 warranties  and  indemnities
contained in Sections 8,  10, 14,  17, 18, 19(b) and  26 hereof are made for the benefit of lessor and
shall survive, remain in full force and effect and be enforceable after the expiration or termination of
this  agreement  for  any  reason.  each  other  provision  set  forth  in  the  lease  documents  that,  by  its
terms, survives termination of this agreement shall also survive, remain in full force and effect and be
enforceable after the expiration or termination of this agreement for any reason.

 representations,

23.

INSPECTION.  during  the  lease  term  and  subject  to  any  applicable  demo
agreement, lessor may, during normal business hours, on reasonable prior written notice to lessee,
inspect  the  equipment  and  the  records  with  respect  to  the  operations  and  maintenance  thereof,  in
lessee's custody or to which lessee has access. lessee may be present at such inspection. any such
inspection will not unreasonably disturb or interfere with the normal operation or maintenance of the
equipment or the conduct by lessee of its business and will be in accordance with lessee's health,
safety and insurance programs. in no event shall lessor have any duty or obligation to make any such
inspection  and  lessor  shall  not  incur  any  liability  or  obligation  by  reason  of  not  making  any  such
inspection.

24.

ACCEPTANCE OF EQUIPMENT; NON CANCELABLE. lessee's acceptance of
the equipment  shall be conclusively  and irrevocably evidenced by lessee signing the Certificate  of
acceptance in the form attached hereto and upon acceptance, each lease shall be noncancelable for
the lease term thereof unless otherwise provided in such lease.

25.

ASSIGNMENT;  STATUS  OF  LESSEE.  (a)  lessee  acknowledges  and  agrees  that
lessor may, at any time, without prior notice to or consent of lessee, assign its rights and obligations
under this agreement in whole or in part and/or mortgage, or pledge or sell the equipment subject to
lessee's  rights  under  this  agreement.  Such  assignee  or  mortgagee  may  re-  assign  this  agreement
and/or mortgage without notice to lessee. to the extent so assigned or transferred, any such assignee,
buyer, transferee, grantee or mortgagee shall have and be entitled to exercise any and all rights and
powers  of,  and  shall  perform  all  obligations  of,  lessor  under  this  agreement.  if  any  such  lessor
assignment  is  a  partial  assignment  of  this  agreement  by  wells  Fargo  equipment  Finance,  inc.  (for
purposes of this Section 25, "wFeF"), (i) so long as

18

no  default  shall  have  occurred,  wFeF  shall  maintain  its  administrative  role  under  this  agreement
with lessee and shall act as an intermediary between lessee and any wFeF partial assignee, and (ii)
unless lessee receives notice from wFeF or wFeF's assignee to the contrary, lessee's satisfaction of
its obligations under the lease documents to wFeF shall be deemed to satisfy such obligations to all
lessors.

(b) without  limiting  the  foregoing,  lessee  further  acknowledges  and  agrees  that  upon
written notice of an assignment from lessor, lessee will pay all Rent and any and all other amounts
payable  by  lessee  under  any  lease  to  such  assignee  or  mortgagee  or  as  instructed  by  lessor  in
writing upon at least ten (10) business days' prior notice. lessor agrees to provide prompt notice of
any such assignment or mortgage, and lessee agrees to confirm in writing receipt of any such notice
of assignment as may be reasonably requested by lessor and such assignee or mortgagee; provided
that lessor's failure to provide prompt notice of any such assignment or mortgage shall not affect or
otherwise impact the effectiveness of such assignment or mortgage; provided, however, that lessee
will be deemed to have performed a Rent payment obligation if lessee makes such Rent payment to
the assigning lessor before receiving notice of the related assignment.

(c)

except (i) as otherwise set forth in this agreement and any lease and (ii) for the right
to  use  the  equipment  granted  under  a  demo  agreement,  lessee  shall  not  assign,  sublease,
hypothecate, sell or transfer the equipment or any interest in this agreement or any lease, and any
attempt to do so shall be null and void and shall constitute a default hereunder.

(d)

lessee shall not (x) knowingly allow a Blocked Person (as defined below) to have an
ownership interest in lessee or (y) otherwise allow a Blocked Person or Blocked Persons to have a
fifty percent (50%) or greater ownership interest in or control of lessee. "Blocked Person" means any
person or entity that is now or at any time (i) on a list of  Specially designated nationals issued by the
office of Foreign assets Control ("oFaC") of the united States department of the treasury or any
sectoral  sanctions  identification  list;  or  (ii)  whose  property  or  interests  in  property  are  blocked  by
oFaC or who is subject to sanctions imposed by law, including any executive order or any branch or
department of the united States government; or (c) otherwise designated by the united States or any
regulator  having  jurisdiction  or  regulatory  oversight  over  lessor,  to  be  a person  to  whom  lessor  is
not  permitted  to  extend  credit  or  with  regard  to  whom  a  debtor  relationship  may  result  in  penalties
against lessor or limitations on a secured party's ability to enforce a transaction.

26.

REPRESENTATIONS,

 WARRANTIES  AND  COVENANTS.

 lessee
represents  and  warrants  to  lessor  that:  (i)  the  execution  and  delivery  by  lessee  of  each  lease
document  are  duly  authorized  on  the  part  of  lessee  and  each  lease  document  constitutes  valid
obligations binding upon, and enforceable against, lessee; (ii) neither the execution and delivery of
any lease document, nor the due performance thereof by lessee, including the commitment to pay
(and  payment  of)  Rent,  will  result  in  any  breach  of,  or  constitute  a  default  under,  or  violation  of,
lessee's  constitutive  documents,  or  any  material  agreement  to  which  lessee  is  a  party  or  by  which
lessee is bound that relates to the subject matter hereof, including without

 (a)

19

limitation  that  certain  (a)  loan  and  Security  agreement  dated  as  of  december  23,  2016  by  and
among  Plug  Power  inc.,  nY  Green  Bank  and  the  other  parties  thereto  and  (B)  loan  and  Security
agreement dated as of March 29, 2019 by and among Plug Power inc., Generate lending, llC, and
the  other  parties  thereto,  in  each  case,  as  the  same  may  be  amended,  amended  and  restated,
supplemented  or  otherwise  modified  from  time  to  time;  (iii)  lessee  is  duly  incorporated,  validly
existing and in good standing in its state of incorporation and in any jurisdiction where the equipment
is  located;  and  (iv)  no  material  approval,  consent  or  withholding  of  objection  is  required  from  any
governmental  authority  or  entity  with  respect  to  the  entering  into,  or  performance  of  any  lease
document by lessee.

(b)

lessee  has  provided  to  lessor  true  and  correct  copies  of  its  constitutive  documents,
authorizing  resolutions  for  the  transactions  contemplated  hereby,  and  a  certificate  of  incumbency,
each certified by a duly appointed officer of lessee.

(c)

lessee  shall  not:  (i)  amend,  modify,  supplement,  assign  or  transfer  any  demo
agreement, in any case, that affects any equipment subject to a lease, or enter into any agreement
with respect to any equipment after the date of the applicable lease (other than a demo agreement),
in  each  case,  in  a  manner  adverse  to  lessor  without  the  prior  written  consent  of  lessor  (which
consent  shall  not  be  unreasonably  withheld),  it  being  understood  and  agreed,  however,  that  lessee
shall  in  no  event  renew  (or  request  renewal  of  or  consent  to  a  renewal  of)  the  term  of  any  demo
agreement that extends beyond the lease term of the related lease; (ii) subject the equipment to any
power purchase agreement; or (iii) hold the equipment, or otherwise account for the equipment, as
inventory.  in  addition,  with  respect    to  equipment  leased  under  a  lease,  lessee  shall  at  all  times
cause  such  equipment  to  be  subject  to  a  demo  agreement  or  shall  actively  use  its  commercially
reasonable efforts to cause such equipment to become subject to a demo agreement.

(d)

lessee  will  use  its  commercially  reasonable  efforts  to  enforce  its  rights  under  each
demo  agreement  and  shall  take  or  omit  to  take  any  commercially  reasonable  action  thereunder  as
directed by lessor from time to time.

27.

NOTICES.  any  notice  required  or  given  hereunder  shall  be  deemed  properly  given
when  provided  in  writing  (a)  three  (3)  business  days  after  mailed  first  class,  overnight,  or  certified
mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to the designated recipient at its address set
forth below or such other address as such Party may advise by notice given in accordance with this
provision  or  (b)  upon  receipt  by  the  Party  to  whom  addressed  in  writing  by  personal  delivery,
commercial courier service, fax or other means which provides a permanent record of the delivery of
such notice. notices shall be delivered to the Parties at the following addresses:

if to lessee:

Plug Power inc.
968 albany Shaker Road
latham, nY 12110

20

attn: Paul Middleton 
telephone: (518) 738-0281 
Facsimile: (518) 782-7884 
email: pmiddleton@plugpower.com

if to lessor:

wells Fargo equipment Finance, inc. 
600 South Fourth Street 
Minneapolis, Mn 55415 
attn: account Services 
Facsimile: (866) 687-5578 
email: wFeFi@wellsfargo.com

28.

DOCUMENTATION.  except  for  the  payment  of  Rent  set  forth  in  the  applicable
leases,  for  which  invoices  are  provided  as  an  accommodation  to  lessee  and  not  as  a  condition
precedent  to  payment,  lessor  shall  use  its  best  efforts  to  provide  lessee  with  reasonable
documentation,  including,  statements,  tax  bills  and/or  invoices,  evidencing  payment  obligations  or
reimbursement due to lessor pursuant to the terms of this agreement.

29.

 TRADE

 INTERNATIONAL

ANTI-MONEY  LAUNDERING;

 LAW
COMPLIANCE.  lessee  represents  and  warrants  to  lessor,  as  of  the  date  of  this  agreement,    the
date of each advance of proceeds pursuant to this agreement, the date of any renewal, extension or
modification of this agreement or any lease, and at all times until this agreement and each lease has
been terminated and all amounts thereunder have been indefeasibly paid in full, that: (a) no Covered
entity  (i)  is  a  Sanctioned  Person;  (ii)  has  any  of  its  assets  in  a  Sanctioned  Country  or  in  the
possession, custody or control of a Sanctioned Person; or (iii) does business in or with, or derives any
of  its  operating  income  from  investments  in  or  transactions  with,  any  Sanctioned  Country  or
Sanctioned Person in violation of any law, regulation, order or directive enforced by any Compliance
authority;  (b)  the  proceeds  of  any  lease  will  not  be  used  to  fund  any  operations  in,  finance  any
investments or activities in, or, make any payments to, a Sanctioned Country or Sanctioned Person in
violation  of  any  law,  regulation,  order  or  directive  enforced  by  any  Compliance  authority;  (c)  the
funds  used  to  repay  any  lease  are  not  derived  from  any  unlawful  activity;  and  (d)  each  Covered
entity  is  in  compliance  with,  and  no  Covered  entity  engages  in  any  dealings  or  transactions
prohibited by, any laws of the united States, including but not limited to any anti-terrorism laws.
lessee covenants and agrees that it shall immediately notify lessor in writing upon the occurrence of
a Reportable Compliance event.

as used herein: "anti-terrorism laws" means any laws relating to terrorism, trade sanctions
programs  and  embargoes,  import/export  licensing,  money  laundering,  or  bribery,  all  as  amended,
supplemented or replaced from time to time; "Compliance authority" means each and all of the (a)
u.S. treasury department/office of Foreign assets Control, (b) u.S. treasury department/Financial
Crimes enforcement network, (c) u.S. State department/directorate of defense trade Controls, (d)
u.S. Commerce department/Bureau of industry and Security, (e) internal Revenue Service, (f) u.S.
Justice department, and (g) u.S. Securities and

21

exchange Commission; "Covered entity" means lessee, its affiliates and subsidiaries, all guarantors,
pledgors of collateral, all owners of the foregoing, and all brokers or other agents of lessee acting in
any capacity in connection with this agreement or any lease; "Reportable Compliance event" means
that  any  Covered  entity  becomes  a  Sanctioned  Person,  or  is  indicted,  arraigned,  investigated  or
custodially  detained,  or  receives  an  inquiry  from  regulatory  or  law  enforcement  officials,  in
connection with any anti-terrorism law or any predicate crime to any anti-terrorism law, or self-
discovers facts or circumstances  implicating  any aspect of its operations  with the actual or possible
violation  of any  anti-terrorism  law; "Sanctioned  Country"  means a country  subject to a  sanctions
program  maintained  by  any  Compliance  authority;  and  "Sanctioned  Person"  means  any  individual
person,  group,  regime,  entity  or  thing  listed  or  otherwise  recognized  as  a  specially  designated,
prohibited,  sanctioned  or  debarred  person  or  entity,  or  subject  to  any  limitations  or  prohibitions
(including but not limited to the blocking of property or rejection of transactions), under any order or
directive  of  any    Compliance  authority  or  otherwise  subject  to,  or  specially  designated  under,  any
sanctions program maintained by any Compliance authority.

22

30.

USA  PATRIOT  ACT  NOTICE.  to  help  the  government  fight  the  funding  of
terrorism  and  money  laundering  activities,  Federal  law  requires  all  financial  institutions  to  obtain,
verify  and  record  information  that  identifies  each  lessee  that  opens  an  account.  what  this  means:
when  lessee  opens  an  account,  lessor  will  ask  for  the  business  name,  business  address,  taxpayer
identifying  number  and  other  information  that  will  allow  lessor  to  identify  lessee,  such  as
organizational  documents.  For  some  businesses  and  organizations,  lessor  may  also  need  to  ask  for
identifying information and documentation relating to certain individuals associated with the business
or organization.

31.

GOVERNING  LAW.  this  agreement  and  each  lease  are  entered  into,  under  and
shall be construed in accordance with, and governed by, the laws of the State of new York, without
giving  effect  to  conflict  of  laws  principles.  each  Party  consents  to  the  exclusive  jurisdiction  of  any
state or federal court in the State of new York over any action or proceeding brought in connection
with this agreement. leSSee and leSSoR eXPReSSlY waiVe anY RiGht to tRial BY
JuRY in anY aCtion  oR PRoCeedinG  to  whiCh leSSoR  and/oR  leSSee  MaY Be
PaRtieS aRiSinG out oF oR in anY waY PeRtaininG to thiS aGReeMent.

32.

FINANCE LEASE STATUS. lessee agrees that if article 2a-leases of the uniform
Commercial Code of the State of new York (the "uniform Commercial Code" or "uCC") applies to
this agreement and any lease, this agreement and each such lease shall be considered a "Finance
lease"  as  that  term  is  defined  in  article  2a.  to  the  eXtent  PeRMitted  BY  aPPliCaBle
law,  leSSee  waiVeS  anY  and  all  RiGhtS  and  ReMedieS  ConFeRRed  uPon  a
leSSee BY SeCtionS 508-522 oF aRtiCle 2a oF the uCC.

33.

BUSINESS  DAY.  For  all  purposes  hereof,  the  term  "business  day"  means  any  day
which is not a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banks are required to close for business in the
State of new York.

34. MISCELLANEOUS.  the  captions  of  this  agreement  are  for  convenience  only  and
shall  not  be  read  to  define  or  limit  the  intent  of  the  provision  that  follows  such  captions.    this
agreement  contains  the  entire  agreement  and  understanding  between  lessor  and  lessee  relating  to
the  subject  matter  hereof.  any  variation  or  modification  hereof  and  any  waiver  of  any  of  the
provisions  or  conditions  hereof  shall  not  be  valid  unless  in  writing  signed  by  an  authorized
representative  of  the  Parties  hereto.  any  provision  of  this  agreement  that  is  unenforceable  in    any
jurisdiction  shall,  as  to  such  jurisdiction,  be  ineffective  to  the  extent  of  such  prohibition  or
unenforceability  without  invalidating  the  remaining  provisions  hereof  and  any  such  prohibition  or
unenforceability in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render unenforceable such provision in any
other  jurisdiction.  lessor's  failure  at any time  to require  strict  performance  by lessee  or any  of the
provisions  hereof  shall  not  waive  or  diminish  lessor's  right  thereafter  to  demand  strict  compliance
therewith or with any other provision. this agreement may be executed in separate counterparts, each
of which  shall  constitute  an original,  but all of which,  when  taken  together  shall  constitute  a single
contract. delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page of this

23

agreement or any lease by telecopy, emailed pdf or any other electronic means shall be effective as
delivery of a manually executed counterpart of this agreement or such lease.

24

in witneSS wheReoF, the Parties hereto have duly executed this agreement as of the

date first above written.

LESSOR:

WELLS FARGO EQUIPMENT FINANCE, INC.

By:    /s/ angela d. Baumann                                         

name:   angela d. Baumann
title:     authorized Signer

LESSEE:

PLUG POWER INC.

By:                                                                                   

Paul Middleton
Chief Financial officer

(Wells Fargo/Plug Power- Master Lease Agreement (Demo Equipment))

(original)

in witneSS wheReoF, the Parties hereto have duly executed this agreement as of the

date first above written.

LESSOR:

WELLS FARGO EQUIPMENT FINANCE, INC.

By:                                                                                    

name:   
title:     

LESSEE:

PLUG POWER INC.

By:    /s/ Paul Middleton                                                   

Paul Middleton
Chief Financial officer

(Wells Fargo/Plug Power - Master Lease Agreement (Demo Equipment))

(original)

EXHIBIT A

RENTAL SCHEDULE NO. [ 

 ​
]

this Rental Schedule dated and effective as  of [ 

], 20[ ] (this "lease") incorporates by
reference the terms and provisions of the Master lease agreement dated as of april 10, 2019 (as the
same may be amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time,
the "Master lease agreement") by and between wells Fargo equipment Finance, inc. (together with
its successors and assigns, "lessor") and Plug Power inc. ("lessee"). this lease shall be accompanied
by a Certificate of acceptance in the form attached as attachment #1.

 ​

all terms used within this document that are defined in the Master lease agreement shall have

the same meaning herein.

1. description of equipment:

[ ] Gendrive Fuel Cells, as more fully described on Schedule a hereto, and located at the
following Site: [inSeRt addReSS oF Site].

Lease Terms:

 ​

 ​
]1

Initial Term: [ 
Rental Commencement Date: [            ], 20[  ]
Rent:   as set forth on attachment #2 attached hereto and incorporated herein  
Lessor Account Information: all payments of Rent shall be made to the following
account of lessor

]2

[ 

 ​

 ​

the initial term of this lease shall commence upon the acceptance date as indicated on the
Certificate  of  acceptance  ("lease  Commencement  date")  and,  unless  earlier  terminated
pursuant  to  the  terms  of  the  Master  lease  agreement,  shall  continue  until  expiration  of  the
number of months of the initial term specified above after the Rental Commencement date.

lessee shall pay Rent throughout the initial term in advance on each Rent payment date listed
on attachment #2 in the amount specified under the column heading "Rent Payment" for such
Rent payment date. the Rent payable on each Rent payment date shall be applied to satisfy
the lessee's obligation with respect to the Rent owed on each "Rental date" for the applicable
rental period, as further set forth on attachment #2 hereto.

2. the termination Values are as set out on attachment #3 attached hereto and incorporated

herein.

3. all purchase and end of term options awarded to lessee in respect of this lease shall apply to

all, but not less than all, equipment leased under this lease.

1 Initial term to be 78 months from the Lease Commencement Date.

2 Account information to be inserted

1

 
 
​
​
​
​
​
​
[Signature page follows.]

in witneSS wheReoF, the Parties hereto have caused this lease to be duly executed on

the date set forth below by their authorized representatives.

thiS leaSe Cannot Be CanCelled

LESSOR:

WELLS FARGO EQUIPMENT FINANCE, INC.

By:                                                                                    

name:   
title:     

LESSEE:

PLUG POWER INC.

By:                                                                                    

Paul Middleton
Chief Financial officer

Schedule A 
TO EXHIBIT A

DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT

Product / Model Number

Serial Number

Attachment #1 
TO EXHIBIT A

CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE
to
Rental Schedule no. 

 ​

dated [ 

 ​
], 20[  ]

in compliance with the terms, conditions and provisions of the Master lease agreement dated
as of april 10, 2019 (as the same may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to
time,  the  "lease")  between  the  undersigned  ("lessee")  and  wells  Fargo  equipment  Finance,  inc.
(together with its successors and assigns, "lessor"), lessee hereby:

(a)

(b)

(c)

certifies  and  warrants  that  all  equipment  described  in  the  above-referenced  Rental
Schedule (the "equipment") is delivered, inspected and fully installed, and operational
as of the acceptance date as indicated below;

accepts all the equipment for all purposes under the lease and all attendant documents
as of the date above (the "acceptance date"); and

restates and reaffirms, as of the acceptance date, each of the representations,
warranties and covenants heretofore given to lessor in the lease.

lessor is hereby authorized to insert serial numbers on the above-referenced Rental Schedule.

leSSee:
PLUG POWER INC.

By:                                                                                  
name:
title:

​
​
Attachment #2 
TO EXHIBIT A

Rents

for Rental Schedule No. [ 

 ​

]

Rent  shall  be  due  and  payable  in  accordance  with  the  following  schedule.3  Rent  is  stated
exclusive of all applicable sales and/or use taxes. lessee is responsible for all sales and/or use taxes on
the Rent.

3 Rent payments will be due monthly in advance.

6

​
Attachment #3 
TO EXHIBIT A

Termination Value Schedule Rental

Schedule No. [ 

 ​
]

​
EXHIBIT B

ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO PURCHASE OF EQUIPMENT AND
ENTERING INTO OF LEASES

1. a lease for the applicable equipment, substantially in the form of exhibit a to this agreement,

duly executed by lessee.

2. a Certificate of acceptance for the applicable equipment, substantially in the form of attachment

#1 to exhibit a to this agreement, duly executed by lessee.

3. a Bill of Sale for the applicable equipment duly executed by lessee.

4. the  demo  agreement  for  the  applicable  equipment  duly  executed  by  lessee  and  the  demo

Customer.

5. the warranties with respect to the applicable equipment.

6.

(a) in the case of the first lease entered into on or after the date of this agreement, a certificate of
the  Secretary  or  assistant  Secretary  of  lessee,  attaching  (i)  true  and  complete  copies  of  the
constitutive  documents  of  lessee  as  in  effect  on  the  date  of  this  agreement,  (ii)  a  true  and
complete  copy  of  resolutions  duly  adopted  by  the  authorized  governing  body  of  lessee,
authorizing the execution, delivery and performance by lessee of each of the lease documents to
which it is or will be a party, (iii) an incumbency certificate with respect to the officers of lessee
authorized to execute and deliver the lease documents to which lessee is or will be a party and
(iv) a certificate of good standing, issued by the Secretary of State of the State of delaware, dated
no more than ten (10) business days prior to the date of such lease; and (b) in the case of each
other  lease,  a  bringdown  of  the  certificate  referenced  in  clause  (a)  of  this  item  6  in  form  and
substance satisfactory to lessor.

7. Precautionary uCC-1 financing statements, naming lessee as debtor and lessor or its successors
and assigns as secured party, properly filed, registered or recorded in each jurisdiction in which
lessor shall reasonably request.

8. uCC search reports, satisfactory to lessor, dated not more than ten (10) business days before the
date  of  the  applicable  lease,  made  in  respect  of  lessee  in  each  jurisdiction  in  which  lessee  is
located.

9. uCC-3  financing  statements,  terminating  the  interests  of  any  secured  party  that  is  not  lessor,
properly filed, registered or recorded in each jurisdiction in which lessor shall reasonably request.

10. Copies  of  certificates  of  insurance  naming  lessor  as  loss  payee  and/or  additional  insured  that

conform to all requirements set forth in Section 13.

11. an itemized invoice for each item of equipment (including itemization of any sales/use tax being

paid or sales tax exemption certificate), together with evidence of payment thereof.

8

12. a pay proceeds  letter  addressed  to lessor,  duly  executed  by lessee,  and in form and substance

satisfactory to lessor (each, a "Pay Proceeds letter").

13. an appraisal report prepared solely for lessor and its counsel by an appraiser chosen by lessor
(the  "appraiser")  that  is  satisfactory  in  form  and  substance  to  lessor,  which  confirms,  among
other  things,  that  all  of  the  applicable  equipment  is  "qualified  fuel  cell  property"  within  the
meaning  of section  48(c)(1)  of the Code,  lessor  will  be eligible  to claim  a 30% investment  tax
credit  under  section  48(a)(3)(iv)  of  the  Code  based  on  the  appraised  fair  market  value  of  the
equipment  as of  the  Rental Commencement  date,  and  confirms a  residual value and  remaining
useful life for the applicable equipment at the end of the initial term therefor that is acceptable to
lessor and lessor’s counsel.

14. a certificate from the chief financial officer of lessee that is satisfactory in form and substance to
lessor  confirming  that  the  applicable  equipment  is  in  service  for  u.S.  federal  income  tax
purposes as of the date of the applicable lease.

15. an  opinion  issued  by  norton  Rose  Fulbright  uS  llP  to  lessor,  satisfactory  in  form  and

substance to lessor.

16. an  irrevocable  standby  letter  of  credit  (each,  a  "letter of Credit"),  issued  by  Suntrust  Bank  or

such other united States bank acceptable to lessor in its sole discretion (the "l/C issuer"):
(a) naming  lessor  as  beneficiary;  (b)  in  a  face  amount  at  least  equal  to  the  lease  Proceeds
amount (as defined in the Pay Proceeds letter relating to such lease); and (c) otherwise in form
and substance satisfactory to lessor.

17. Such other documentation as lessor shall reasonably require.

MASTER LEASE AGREEMENT
(Home Depot)

Exhibit 10.32

this Master lease agreement (this “agreement”), dated as of august 20, 2020, is made between Wells
Fargo  Equipment  Finance,  Inc.,  a  Minnesota  corporation  (together  with  its  successors  and  assigns,  the
“lessor”), and Plug Power Inc., a corporation incorporated under the laws of delaware (the “lessee”).  lessor
and  lessee  are  referred  to  in  this  agreement  individually as  a  “Party”  and,  collectively,  as  the  “Parties”.
Capitalized  terms  used  but  not  defined  herein  shall have the meaning set forth for such terms in the Master
Purchase agreement (as defined below).

WHEREAS, lessor is in the business of owning and leasing equipment and has purchased and plans to
continue  to  purchase,  from  time  to  time,  certain  fuel  cell  equipment  from  lessee  pursuant  to  the  Master
Purchase  and  Sale  agreement,  dated  as  of  the  date  hereof,  between  lessor and lessee (as the same may be
amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Master Purchase agreement”); and

WHEREAS,  with  respect  to  fuel  cell  equipment  purchased  by  lessor  under  the  Master  Purchase
agreement  on  and  after  the  date  hereof,  lessee  desires  to  lease  such  fuel  cell  equipment from  lessor,  and
lessor desires to lease such fuel cell equipment to lessee, under the terms and conditions of this agreement
and  the  leases  (as  defined  below),  when  and  as  the  conditions  to each of such leases are met as provided
herein.

NOW,  THEREFORE,  in  consideration  of  the  mutual  covenants,  representations,  warranties  and

agreements hereinafter set forth, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the Parties agree as follows:

1.

LEASE. lessor agrees to lease to lessee and lessee agrees to lease from lessor certain fuel
cell equipment (the “equipment”) as further described in one or more schedules to this agreement, each in the
form attached hereto as exhibit a (each such schedule referenced in this Section 1 being a separate “lease”
and collectively, the “leases”). the terms of this agreement shall control and be effective as to each lease,
unless expressly amended or modified in writing. equipment shall be installed and placed in service at various
locations  as  indicated  in  each  lease  (each  such  location,  and  each  location  to  which  any  equipment  is
relocated  pursuant  Section  8(b), a  “Site”).  the  entering  into  by  lessor  of  any  lease  shall  be  subject  to  the
satisfaction (or waiver by lessor in its sole discretion) of the conditions precedent set forth in Section 11.

2.

TERM  AND  RENT.  the  initial  term  (“initial  term”)  for  each  lease  shall  be  for  the  initial
period specified in such lease, and lessee shall pay lessor the Rent specified in such lease throughout the
initial term for the use of the equipment leased under such lease. the initial term and Rent with respect to
each  item  of  equipment  shall  commence  on,  and  lessee  will be  obligated  to  pay  Rent  from,  the  Rental
Commencement date of the lease under which such equipment is leased. For purposes of this agreement, the
term “Rent” shall mean and include all amounts payable by lessee to lessor for the lease of the equipment. as
used in this agreement, the term “lease term” of any lease means the initial term of such lease, plus any
Renewal terms (as defined in Section 15).  all Rent payable under each lease shall be paid to the account of

lessor in u.S. dollar same day funds to the account specified in such lease (or such other account as lessor
shall notify to lessee upon 10 business days prior written notice), and lessee shall permit lessor to debit the
account of lessee at M&t Bank ([***]) to make any payment of Rent when due under a lease.

3.

LATE CHARGES. if any Rent or other amount due hereunder is not paid within ten (10) days
after  the  due  date  thereof,  lessor  shall  have  the  right  to  receive  and  collect,  and  lessee  agrees  to  pay,  in
addition to such unpaid Rent or other amount due hereunder, an amount equal to 1.5% of such unpaid Rent or
other  amount  due  hereunder  for  each  month  or  part  thereof  that  such  Rent  or  other  amount  due  hereunder
remains unpaid.

4.

 lessor  is  not

DISCLAIMER  OF  WARRANTIES.  lessee  acknowledges  that

 the
manufacturer  of  the  equipment,  nor  manufacturer’s  agent,  and  lessee  agrees  that  as  between  lessor  and
lessee, the equipment leased hereunder is of a design, size, fitness and capacity selected by lessee and that
lessee  is  satisfied  that  the  same  is  suitable  and  fit  for  its  intended  purpose.  leSSee  FuRtheR
aCKnowledGeS  that  the  eQuiPMent  iS  leaSed  undeR  thiS  aGReeMent  and  eaCh  leaSe
on an ‘aS-iS,’ ‘wheRe iS’ BaSiS and that leSSoR MaKeS no RePReSentation oR waRRantY
oF  anY  Kind,
 itS
MeRChantaBilitY, oR itS FitneSS FoR a PaRtiCulaR PuRPoSe. leSSoR Shall not Be liaBle
to  leSSee  oR  anY  otheR  PeRSon  FoR  diReCt,
 inCidental  oR
ConSeQuential  daMaGeS  aRiSinG  FRoM  leSSee’S  uSe  oF  the  eQuiPMent,  anY  deFeCt  oR
MalFunCtion  oF  the eQuiPMent,  oR  FoR  daMaGeS  BaSed  on  StRiCt  oR  aBSolute  toRt
liaBilitY oR leSSoR’S neGliGenCe. no defect or unfitness of the equipment shall relieve lessee of the
obligation to timely pay Rent, or to perform any other obligation under this agreement.

 with  ReSPeCt  to  anY  oF  the  eQuiPMent,

 eXPReSS  oR  iMPlied,

 indiReCt,

 SPeCial,

5.

ASSIGNMENT  OF  WARRANTIES.  notwithstanding  the  foregoing,  so  long  as  no  default
(as defined in Section 19) has occurred hereunder and is continuing, lessee shall be entitled to the benefit of
any applicable manufacturer’s warranties received or held by lessor or from which lessor otherwise benefits,
and  to  the  extent  assignable,  lessor  hereby  assigns  such  warranties  to  lessee  for  the  lease  term  for  each
lease. in the event that any warranty is not assignable to lessee, lessor hereby appoints lessee as lessor’s
agent  and  attorney-in-fact  with  respect  to  such  warranty,  which  appointment  is  coupled  with  an  interest,  to
assert and enforce, from time to time, in the name of and for the account of the lessor and the lessee, as their
interests may appear, but in all cases at the sole cost and expense of the lessee, any such warranty, and so long
as no default shall have occurred and be continuing, lessee may retain any recovery from such claim.

6.

USE, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE. lessee shall use the equipment in the manner
for which it was designed and intended, solely for lessee’s business purposes, substantially in accordance with
all  manufacturer  manuals  and  instructions  and  in  compliance  with  applicable  law.  as  used  herein,
“applicable law” means all applicable laws,  statutes, regulations, ordinances, orders and other requirements
of  any  governmental  authority  (including  such  requirements  necessary  to  ensure  that  the  equipment
qualifies  for  all  tax  benefits  and

2

environmental attributes, in each case, to the extent available by law to the owner of the equipment as of the
date  of  the  applicable  lease). lessee,  at  lessee’s  own  cost  and  expense,  shall  keep  the equipment in good
repair, condition and working order,  ordinary wear  and tear  excepted, sufficient to  perform  according  to  the
requirements of this agreement or the Master Sublease (as defined below), any Sublease (as defined below) or
the  GenKey  agreement  (as  defined  below)  (collectively,  the  “Related  agreements”),  and  shall  furnish  or
otherwise obtain all parts, mechanisms, devices and servicing required therefor in the ordinary course. lessee
shall also make,  at  lessee’s  own  cost  and  expense,  all  modifications  to  the  equipment  as  are  required  from
time to time for the equipment to comply with applicable law and each Related agreement, provided no such
modifications  shall diminish the current or estimated residual value, utility, function, operation or remaining
useful  life  of  the  equipment  (or  any  portion  thereof)  or  cause  the equipment  (or  any  portion  thereof)  to
constitute “limited use property” within the meaning of Rev. Proc. 2001-28, 2001-19 i.R.B. 1156 or Rev. Proc.
2001-29, 2001-19 i.R.B. 1160 (or any successors thereto).  all replacement parts and repairs at any time made to
or placed upon the equipment shall become the property of lessor at no cost to lessor and with no adjustment
to the schedules of any lease. lessee may, with lessor’s prior written consent (at no cost to lessor and with
no adjustment to the schedules of any lease), which shall not be unreasonably withheld, make such alterations,
modifications  or  additions  to  the  equipment  as  lessee  may  deem  desirable  in  the  conduct  of  its  business;
provided the  same  shall  not  diminish  the  current  or  estimated  residual   value,  utility,  function,  operation  or
remaining useful life of the equipment (or any portion thereof), cause the loss of any warranty thereon or any
certification  necessary  for  the  maintenance thereof,  or  cause  the  equipment  (or  any  portion  thereof)  to
constitute “limited use property” within the meaning of Rev. Proc. 2001-28, 2001-19 i.R.B. 1156 or Rev. Proc.
2001-29, 2001-19 i.R.B. 1160 (or any successors thereto).  all such alterations, modifications or additions to
the equipment shall be readily removable without causing damage to the equipment (or any portion thereof).
upon  return  to  lessor  of  the  equipment  as  to  which  such  alterations,  modifications  or  additions  have  been
made, lessee, if requested to do so by lessor, shall remove the same and restore the equipment to its original
condition,  ordinary  wear  and  tear  excepted,  and,  if  not  so  removed,  title thereto  shall  automatically  vest  in
lessor (at no cost to lessor). lessor acknowledges that any data  files  or software  developed  or  installed  by
lessee which is resident or otherwise installed on the equipment shall be and remain the property of lessee;
provided,  however,  that  the  lessor  shall have  no  obligation  or  responsibility  to  remove  or  return  same  to
lessee.

7.

NET  LEASE.  this  agreement  is  a  “net  lease”,  and  lessee’s  obligation  to  pay  all  Rent  and
other  amounts  due  and  owing  hereunder  is  absolute  and  unconditional  and  shall  not  be  terminated,
extinguished, diminished, setoff or otherwise impaired by any circumstance whatsoever, including by (a) any
claim,  setoff,  counterclaim,  defense  or  other  right  which  lessee may  have  against  lessor  or  any  affiliate  of
lessor;  (b)  any  defect  in  the  title,  condition,  design,  operation,  merchantability  or  fitness  for  use  of  the
equipment,  or  any  eviction  of  the  equipment  by  paramount  title  or  otherwise  from  the  Site,  or  any
unavailability  of  access  to  the  equipment  at the  Site;  (c)  any  loss,  theft  or  destruction  of,  or  damage  to,  the
equipment  or  any  portion  thereof  or  interruption  or  cessation  in  the  use  or  possession  thereof  or  any  part
thereof  for  any  reason  whatsoever  and  of  whatever  duration;  (d)  the  condemnation,  requisitioning,
expropriation, seizure or  other  taking  of  title  to  or  use  of  the  equipment  or  the  Site  by  any  governmental
entity  or

3

otherwise; (e) any ineligibility of the equipment or any portion thereof for any particular use, whether or not
due to any failure of lessee to comply with any applicable law; (f) any event of “force majeure” (including
any  pandemic)  or  any  frustration  of  purpose;  (g)  any  insolvency,  bankruptcy,  reorganization  or  similar
proceeding by or against lessee; (h) any default under or termination of, any Related agreement or the hd
Parent Guaranty (as defined below), or the failure of any Related agreement or the hd Parent Guaranty to be
in full force and effect; (i) any defect in the title to, or the existence of any lien with respect to, the equipment; or
(j)  the  upgrading, conversion  or  relocation  of  any  equipment,  including  any  relocation  made  pursuant  to
Section 8(b), it being the intention of the Parties hereto that all Rent and other amounts payable under this
agreement  shall  continue  to  be  payable  in  the  manner  and  at  times  provided  for  herein.  if  for  any reason
whatsoever  this  agreement  is  terminated  in  whole  or  in  part  by  operation  of  law  or  otherwise,  lessee
nonetheless  agrees,  to  the  extent  permitted  by  applicable  law,  to  pay  to  lessor an  amount  equal  to  each
installment  of  Rent  and  all  other  amounts  due  and  owing  hereunder,  at  the  time  such  payment  would  have
become due and payable in accordance with the terms hereof had this agreement not been so terminated.

8.

NO LIENS; REMOVAL; ABANDONMENT; QUIET ENJOYMENT. (a) lessee shall keep

the  equipment  free  and  clear  from  all  liens,  charges,  encumbrances,  legal  process and  claims  other  than
Permitted  liens  (as  defined  in  the  Master  Purchase  agreement). lessee shall  promptly  notify  lessor  of  the
imposition of any lien (other than Permitted liens) of which the lessee becomes aware and shall promptly use
commercially  reasonable  efforts,  at  lessee’s own cost  and  expense,  to fully discharge  and release any such
lien.

(b)

lessee shall not move the equipment from the location specified in the lease therefor without
the prior written consent of lessor; provided, however, that lessee may relocate any item of equipment (each
such item being “Relocated equipment”), so long as the following conditions are satisfied:

(i)

at  least  five  (5)  business  days  prior  to  effectuating  such  relocation,  lessee  shall  have

provided lessor written notice specifying in reasonable detail: (a) each item of equipment comprising
the Relocated equipment, (B) the Site from and to which such Relocated equipment is being relocated
and  (c)  each  item  of  fuel  cell  equipment  being  substituted  for  such  Relocated  equipment  (the
“Replacement equipment”) and the owner thereof;

(ii)

the  Relocated  equipment  shall  consist  of  all  of  the  components  comprised  within  the

equipment (the associated hydrogen infrastructure must be relocated with any individual fuel cells);

(iii)

the  Relocated  equipment  shall  be  relocated  to  a  site  operated  by  home depot u.S.a.
inc. (“hd uSa”) or any other subsidiary of the home depot, inc. (the “hd Parent”) and located in the
continental united States;

(iv)

as a result of such relocation, there is no suspension in use of any equipment, including

the Relocated equipment and any fueling equipment;

4

(v)

as a result of such relocation, the current or estimated residual value, utility, function,

operation  and  remaining  useful  life  of  the  Relocated  equipment  (or  any  portion  thereof)  are  not
diminished and the equipment (or any portion thereof) does not constitute “limited use property” within
the meaning of Rev. Proc. 2001-28, 2001-19 i.R.B. 1156 or Rev. Proc. 2001-29, 2001-19 i.R.B. 1160
(or any successors thereto);

(vi)

the  Relocated  equipment  is  packed  into  appropriate  shipping  containers  and  the

shipment thereof is insured for the fair market value of such Relocated equipment at such time; and

(vii)

the  Replacement  equipment  is  integrated  with  the  hydrogen  infrastructure  comprised
within the Relocated equipment at the applicable Site or, if the Relocated equipment does not include
such infrastructure, the fueling equipment at the applicable Site.

(c)

lessee agrees not to waive its right to use and possess the equipment in favor of any party other

than lessor and further agrees not to abandon the equipment to any party other than lessor.

(d)

So  long  as  lessee  faithfully  performs  and  meets  each  and  every  term  and  condition to  be
performed  or  met  by  lessee  under  this  agreement,  lessee’s  quiet  and  peaceful  possession  and  use  of  the
equipment will not be disturbed by lessor or anyone claiming by, through or on behalf of lessor.

9.

TITLE.  (a)  lessor  and  lessee  agree  that  the  equipment  (including  any  equipment that  is
upgraded,  converted,  or  otherwise  modified,  or  relocated  pursuant  to  Section  8(b))  is  and  at all  times  shall
remain the sole and exclusive personal property of lessor (subject to Section 25), and lessee covenants that it
will at all times treat the equipment as such and that no part of the equipment shall be considered or treated as
a  fixture.  no  right,  title  or  interest  in  the  equipment  shall  pass  to  lessee  other  than  the  right  to  maintain
possession  and  use  of  the  equipment  for  the  lease  term,  conditioned  upon  lessee’s  compliance  with  the
terms  and  conditions  of  this  agreement.  if  requested  by  lessor,  lessee  shall  affix  to  or  place  on  the
equipment, at lessor’s expense, plates or markings indicating lessor’s ownership.

(b)

the Parties  agree  that this agreement  will be a “true lease,”  and the lessor will be treated as
owner of the equipment and lessee will be treated as lessee and, accordingly, the Parties agree that the lessor
will  be  entitled  to  claim  any  and  all  benefits  available  to  an  owner  of  the  equipment,  including  (i)  all  tax
Benefits  (as  defined  in  Section  18),  and  (ii)  all  rights  and  interests in  and  to  any  environmental  attributes
associated with the energy output from the equipment that, as a matter of law, belong to the owner rather than
the  user  of  the  equipment  (all  such  attributes  in this clause (ii), specifically excluding any tax Benefits, the
“environmental attributes”).  lessor hereby assigns to lessee, solely for the duration of the lease term, all of
its rights and interests in and to any and all environmental attributes currently available by law to an owner of
the  equipment  as  of  the  date  hereof.  For  the  avoidance  of  doubt,  lessor  does  not  assign  to  lessee  any
environmental attributes that, due to any future change in law, may become available to an owner

5

of the equipment (including, but not limited to, any carbon credits).  in the event that any lease is deemed to
be a lease intended for security, lessee grants lessor a security interest in the equipment subject to such lease
to secure its obligations under this agreement, such lease, all other leases and all other indebtedness (except
QFC  obligations  as  defined  below)  at  any  time  owing  by  lessee  to  lessor.  in  no  event  shall  lessee’s
obligations under this agreement or any lease be secured by any real property unless the document granting
an interest in real property specifically references this agreement or any lease by date and/or number. “QFC
obligations”  means  obligations  arising  under  a  securities  contract,  commodities  contract,  forward  contract,
repurchase  agreement,  swap  agreement  or  any  similar  agreement  (as  defined  purposes  of  treasury Part  148
under 12 u.S.C. 5390(c)(8)(h) or FdiC Part 371 under 12 u.S.C. 1821(e)(8)(d)) that the FdiC determines by
regulation, resolution, or order to be a qualified financial contract.

10.

TAXES.  lessee  shall  promptly  reimburse  lessor,  or  shall  pay  directly  if  so  requested  by
lessor,  as additional  Rent,  all taxes,  charges  and fees (including  any interest, additions to tax and penalties)
that may now or hereafter be imposed or levied by any governmental body or agency upon or in connection
with  the  purchase,  ownership,  lease,  sublease,  possession, use or location of the equipment or otherwise in
connection with the transactions contemplated by this agreement or any lease, including, without limitation,
sales, use, property (real or personal and tangible or intangible), value added or other transfer taxes on (i) the
initial sale of equipment to lessor or the lease of the equipment to lessee, (ii) the Rents, (iii) the sublease of
the equipment to hd uSa pursuant to the Master Sublease and each Sublease, (iv) the sale of power to, or the
sublease or use of the equipment by, hd uSa under the GenKey agreement by and between lessee and hd
uSa entered into and effective as of February 24, 2015 (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from
time  to  time,  the  “GenKey  agreement”)  or  any  other  Related agreement,  (v)  any  payment  of  termination
Value (as defined in Section 12) and (vi) upon any exercise of the Purchase option (as defined in Section 14),
but excluding any and all taxes, charges and fees (including any interest, additions to tax and penalties) (a) on
or measured by the net income of lessor, but excluding taxes that are in the nature of sales, use, property (real
or  personal and  tangible  or  intangible),  value  added  or  other  transfer  taxes,  (B)  resulting  from  lessor’s
negligence, or (C) resulting from or arising out of any failure on the part of lessor to file any tax returns or pay
any  taxes  owing  on  a  timely  basis  or  any  errors  or  omissions  on  lessor’s  tax  returns unless  the  lessee  is
responsible  under  this  agreement  for  filing  the  returns,  lessee  has  not  provided  information  requested  by
lessor  that  is  necessary  to  file  such  tax  returns  or  lessor’s  failure  to  file  any  tax  returns  or  any  errors  or
omissions on such tax returns is attributable  to lessee’s fraud, negligence or misrepresentation. lessee shall
file, in a timely manner and in the name of the lessor as owner, any personal property tax returns relating to
the equipment that are required to be filed covering periods during the lease term, pay the amounts shown on
the returns and  provide  copies  of  such  returns  and  proof  of  payment  to  the  lessor. Failure  of  lessee  to  pay
promptly amounts due hereunder shall be treated the same as failure to pay any installment of Rent pursuant to
Section  3.  if  lessee  is  requested  by  lessor  to  file  any  other  returns  or  remit  payments directly  to  any
governmental body or agency, lessee shall timely file such returns and remit such payments and shall provide
proof of said timely filing or payment to lessor.

11.

CONDITIONS  PRECEDENT  TO  LEASES.  lessor  and  lessee  hereby  agree  that  the

entering into by lessor of any lease is expressly conditioned on the following:

6

(a)

in the case of the first such lease to be entered into on or after the date of this agreement, the
following shall have been executed and delivered by the parties thereto, each in form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to lessor: (i) this agreement; and (ii) the Master Purchase agreement;

(b)

there  not  having  occurred  any  material  adverse  condition  or  material  adverse  change  in  or
affecting the business, operations, properties, condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of lessee, the hd
Parent or the issuing Bank (as defined in exhibit B attached hereto), in each case, since december 31, 2019;

(c)

no  material  new  litigation  having  been  initiated  against  lessee,  the  hd  Parent  or the issuing

Bank, in each case, since december 31, 2019;

(d)

there not having occurred any material adverse change in the business reputation of lessee, the

hd Parent or the issuing Bank, in each case, since december 31, 2019;

(e)

there  not  having  occurred  an  event  that  would,  in  the  reasonable  opinion  of  lessor, make  it
illegal or commercially impractical for lessor to enter into any of the lease documents (as defined below) to
which it is a party;

(f)

all fees and expenses of the appraiser and of counsel to lessor shall have been paid (or shall be
paid in conjunction with the payment by lessor of the Purchase Price of the equipment to be leased under such
lease); and

(g)

the execution and delivery of such other documents, certificates and items and the satisfaction of
such  other  conditions,  in  each  case,  as  are  set  forth  in  exhibit B attached  hereto,  as each  may  be  amended,
amended  and  restated,  modified  or  supplemented  from  time  to  time,  and  including  any  replacement  or
supplementary agreements thereof or thereto (together with this agreement, the Master Purchase agreement,
the  Master  Sublease,  each  Sublease,  the  hd  Parent  Guaranty,  the  assignment  agreement  and  the  Consent,
collectively, the “lease documents”), in each case, in accordance with the terms of exhibit B attached hereto.

12.

LOSS OF OR DAMAGE TO EQUIPMENT. lessee hereby assumes and shall bear the risk
of loss for destruction of or damage to the equipment from any and every cause whatsoever, whether or not
insured,  until  the  equipment  is  returned  to  lessor.  no  such  loss  or  damage  shall  impair  any  obligation  of
lessee under this agreement, which shall continue in full force and effect. in event of damage to or theft, loss
or destruction of the equipment (or any item thereof), lessee shall promptly notify lessor in writing of such
fact and of all details with respect thereto, and shall, within thirty (30) days of such event, at lessee’s option,
(a)  place  the  same  in  good  repair,  condition  and  working  order,  (b)  at  lessee’s  expense,  dispose  of  any
equipment  in  accordance  with  applicable  law,  substitute  such  equipment  (or  any  item  thereof)  with
equipment of  equivalent  or  superior  manufacture,  make,  model  and  features,  unless  this  option  is  expressly
prohibited  in  the  lease  related  to  such  equipment,  in  good  repair,  condition  and  working  order and transfer
clear title to such replacement property to lessor whereupon such property shall be subject to this agreement
and the applicable other lease documents and be deemed equipment

7

for purposes hereof and thereof, or (c) pay lessor an amount equal to the sum of (i) all Rent accrued but unpaid
to the date of such payment, plus (ii) the then “termination Value” of the equipment as set forth in attachment
#3  to  such  lease  (the  “termination  Value”),  whereupon  such  lease  shall terminate,  subject  to  Section  22,
solely with respect to the equipment (or any item thereof) for which such payment is received by lessor. any
insurance proceeds received with respect to the equipment (or any item thereof) shall be applied, in the event
option (c) is elected, in reduction of the then unpaid obligations, including the termination Value, of lessee to
lessor, if not already paid by lessee, or, if already paid by lessee, to reimburse lessee for such payment, or,
in the event option (a) or (b) is elected, to reimburse lessee for the costs of repairing, restoring or replacing the
equipment  (or any item thereof)  upon receipt by lessor of evidence,  satisfactory  to lessor, that such repair,
restoration or replacement has been completed, and an invoice has been provided therefor.

13.

INSURANCE. (a) lessee shall keep the equipment insured against theft and all risks of loss or
damage,  subject  to  policy  limitations  or  exclusions  reasonably  acceptable  to  lessor,  from  every  cause
whatsoever for an amount equal to the higher of the replacement value of the equipment and the termination
Value  of  the  equipment  and  shall  carry  general  liability  insurance, both  for  personal  injury  and  property
damage, and lessee shall be liable for all deductible portions of all required insurance. all such insurance shall
be maintained with insurance companies rated a-X or better by Best’s insurance Guide and Key Ratings (or an
equivalent  rating  by  another  nationally  recognized  insurance  rating  agency  of  similar  standing  if  Best’s
insurance  Guide  and  Key  Ratings  shall  no  longer  be  published)  or  with  other  insurance  companies  of
recognized  responsibility  satisfactory  to  lessor.  all  insurance  for  theft,  loss  or  damage  shall  provide  that
losses,  if  any,  shall  be  payable  to  lessor,  and  all  such  liability  insurance  shall  name  lessor  (or  lessor’s
assignee as appropriate) as additional insured and shall be endorsed to state that it shall be primary insurance
as to lessor. lessee shall pay the premiums therefor and deliver to lessor a certificate of insurance or other
evidence satisfactory to lessor that such insurance coverage is in effect; provided, however, that lessor shall
be under no duty either to ascertain the existence of or to examine such insurance policies or to advise lessee
in the event such insurance coverage shall not comply with the requirements hereof.  each insurer shall agree
by endorsement upon the policy or policies issued by it or by independent instrument furnished to lessor, that
it will give lessor at least ten (10) days’ prior written notice of cancellation of the policy for nonpayment of
premiums and at least thirty (30) days’ prior written notice for alteration or cancellation due to any other reason
or for non-renewal of the policy.  the proceeds of such insurance payable as a result of loss of or damage to the
equipment shall be applied as set forth in Section 12.

(b)

if  lessee  fails  to  obtain  insurance  or  provide  evidence  thereof  to  lessor,  lessee  agrees  that
lessor may, but shall not be obligated to, obtain such insurance on lessee’s behalf and charge lessee for all
costs  and  expenses  associated  therewith.  without  limiting  the  forgoing,  lessee  specifically  agrees  that  if
lessor obtains insurance on lessee’s behalf, lessee will be required to pay a monthly insurance charge.  the
insurance  charge  will  include  reimbursement  for premiums  advanced  to  the  insurer,  finance  charges  (which
will  typically  be  at  a  rate  higher  than  the  rate  used  to  determine  the  Rent),  billing  and  tracking  fees,
administrative expenses and other

8

related  fees.  lessor  shall  receive  a  portion  of  the  insurance  charges,  which  may  include  a  profit  from  such
finance charges, billing, tracking, administrative and other charges.

except  as provided  in the immediately  preceding  paragraph,  any other insurance  obtained  by or available to
lessor shall be secondary insurance, and lessor shall be solely liable for all costs associated therewith.

14.

END OF LEASE TERM OPTIONS. not later than ninety (90) days prior to the expiration of
the initial term or any Renewal term (as defined below) of a lease, lessee shall notify the lessor in writing
whether it intends at the expiration of such term to (i) renew such lease in accordance with Section 15 of this
agreement (the “Renewal option”), (ii) purchase the equipment leased under such lease in accordance with
Section 16 of this agreement (the “Purchase option”), or (iii) return the equipment leased under such lease to
lessor (the “Return option”); provided that the Renewal option or the Purchase option may only be exercised
so long as (x) no default under this agreement has occurred and is then continuing and (y) lessor provides its
consent to lessee’s exercise of the Renewal option or the Purchase option (as applicable), which consent may
be given or withheld by lessor in its sole discretion.  if lessee does not provide this notice at the end of an
initial  term  or  any  Renewal  term,  then  such  initial  term  or  Renewal  term  (as  applicable)  shall  be
automatically extended on a month-to-month basis at the monthly rental rate equal to the final Rent payment
due  immediately  prior  to  the  end  of  such  initial  term  or  Renewal  term  and  such  month-to-month  renewal
term (the “Month-to-Month Renewal term”) shall be terminable by lessee or lessor by giving the other Party
not less than ninety (90) days prior written notice (the “Month-to-Month Renewal term termination notice”).
if  such  Month-  to-Month  Renewal  term  termination  notice  is  given  by  either  Party,  the  lessee  shall  be
deemed to have elected the Return option at the end of such Month-to-Month Renewal term. if the equipment
leased  under  such  lease  is  not  then  in  good  repair,  condition  and  working  order,  ordinary  wear  and  tear
excepted,  or  has  not  been  maintained  in  accordance  with  Section 6 hereof, lessee shall promptly reimburse
lessor for all reasonable costs incurred to restore such equipment to such condition. if, at the end of any lease
term or any Month-to Month Renewal term for a lease, lessee has elected or is deemed to have elected the
Return option, then lessee shall, within sixty  (60)  days  of  the  end  of  such  lease  term  or  Month-to-Month
Renewal  term  (as  applicable), at  lessee’s  expense,  (i)  reimburse  lessor  for  the  costs  to  restore  such
equipment  as  provided  above and  (ii)  remove  all  of  such  equipment  from  the  relevant  Site(s),  repair  any
damage to the relevant location caused by such removal so each such Site is restored to its original condition at
the time such equipment was installed, pack such equipment into appropriate shipping containers, insure the
shipment for the fair market value of such equipment at such time, and cause such equipment to be delivered
to  such  location  within  the  united  States  as  lessor  may  specify,  free  of  any  hazardous  materials  or
environmental concerns.

15.

LEASE RENEWAL. (a) if the Renewal option is elected in accordance with Section 14 of this

agreement with respect to a lease, then such lease (with respect to all, but not less than all, of the equipment
leased under such lease) shall be extended for such term as lessor and lessee mutually agree, but not less than
the greater  of (x)  twelve  (12)  months  and (y) the remaining term of the related Sublease (each such term, a
“Renewal term”), commencing on the

9

day following  the last day of the initial  term or the prior Renewal  term of such lease,  as applicable. Rent
payable during any Renewal term shall be the Fair Market Rental Value for the equipment leased under such
lease, as determined below. the commencement of any Renewal term for a lease is conditioned upon (i) hd
uSa renewing (or having renewed in accordance with the Master Sublease agreement and this agreement)
the terms of the related Sublease with respect to the equipment leased under such lease (which terms shall be
in form and substance acceptable to lessor in its sole discretion), (ii) the hd Parent Guaranty remaining in full
force and effect, (iii) otherwise upon mutually agreeable lease terms between lessor and lessee and/or (iv) any
other credit enhancements as may be required by lessor.

(b)

the Fair Market Rental Value (as defined below) of the equipment leased under a lease, as of
the  commencement  of  the  Renewal  term  of  such  lease,  shall  be  determined  by  agreement  of  lessor  and
lessee within sixty (60) days after receipt by lessor of the irrevocable notice from the lessee of its election to
renew such lease, or, if they shall fail to agree within such sixty  (60)  day  period,  shall  be  determined  by  a
qualified, independent appraiser that is a member of the american Society of appraisers and that is selected by
lessee  and  approved  by  lessor,  such approval  not  to  be  unreasonably  withheld  or  delayed  (the  “appraisal
Procedure”), with the fair market rental value as determined by such appraiser to be binding and conslusive on
the Parties as the “Fair  Market  Rental  Value”  for  purposes  of  such  lease,  and  the  fees  and  expenses  of  the
appraiser shall be borne by lessee. the Rent payable during any Renewal term shall be equal to the average of
the Rent payable during the twelve (12) month period immediately preceding such Renewal term until the Fair
Market  Rental  Value  is  determined,  at  which  time  the  prior  Rent  payments  shall  be  adjusted  to  take  into
account such determination.

(c)

the amounts that are payable during any Renewal term for a lease as termination Value shall
be determined on the basis of the fair market sales value of the equipment leased under such lease as of the
commencement of such Renewal term and shall be set forth in a schedule to be mutually agreed by lessor and
lessee  prior  to  the  commencement  of  such  Renewal  term.  if  lessor  and  lessee  cannot  agree  on  the  fair
market sales value, such amount shall be determined by the appraisal Procedure, and the fees and expenses of
the appraiser shall be borne by lessee.

16.

PURCHASE OPTION. (a) if the Purchase option is elected in accordance with Section 14 of
this agreement with respect to a lease, lessee shall have the option to purchase all but not less than all of the
equipment  leased  under  such  lease  from  lessor  for  an  amount  equal  to the  then  fair  market  value  of  such
equipment  as  agreed  by  lessee  and  lessor,  or  if  they  fail  to  so agree,  as  determined  by  the  appraisal
Procedure  (any  such  amount,  the  “Purchase  option amount”).  the  Purchase  option  for  a  lease  shall  be
consummated  as  of  the  close  of  business  on the closing date  set  forth  in  lessee’s notice (which  shall  be  no
earlier than, and no later than three (3) business days following, the end of the lease term for such lease), or
on such other date the Parties may otherwise agree (any such date being the “Purchase date”).

(b)

if lessee elects to exercise the Purchase option with respect to a lease, then on the Purchase

date for such lease, lessee shall pay to lessor (i) the Purchase option amount for such lease and all sales,
use, value added and other taxes required to be indemnified by the lessee

10

pursuant to Sections 10 and 18, plus (ii) any unpaid Rent and any other outstanding amount due under this
agreement and such lease on or before such date.

(c)

upon  payment  of  all  sums  specified  in  this  Section 16,  the  applicable  lease  shall, subject to
Section  22,  terminate  and,  at  the  request  of  lessee,  lessor  shall  transfer  its  rights  in  the equipment  leased
under  such  lease  to  the  lessee  on  an  “as  is,”  “where  is”  basis  without representation or warranty.

17.

LESSEE  INDEMNITY.  lessee  assumes  liability  for  and  shall  indemnify,  save,  and  hold
harmless lessor and lessor’s officers, directors, employees, agents and assignees from and against any and all
third  party  claims,  actions,  suits  or  proceedings  of  any  kind  and  nature  whatsoever,  including  all  damages,
liabilities, penalties, costs, expenses and reasonable consultant and legal fees (hereinafter “Claim(s)”) based on,
arising out of, connected with or resulting from the equipment, lessee’s obligations under this agreement, or
lessee’s  possession,  use  or  operation of  the  equipment  including,  without  limitation,  Claims  relating  to
ownership,  use,  possession  or  disposal  of  the  equipment,  Claims  arising  in  contract  or  tort  (including
negligence,  strict liability or  otherwise),  Claims  arising  out  of  latent  defects  of  the  equipment  (regardless  of
whether the same are discoverable by lessor or lessee), Claims arising out of or relating to the violation of
applicable law, including environmental law, or the existence or release of hazardous materials at the site where
the  equipment  is  located,  or  Claims  arising  out  of  any  trademark,  patent  or  copyright infringement,  but
excluding (a) any Claims that accrue in respect of circumstances that occur after lessor has taken possession of
the equipment  after termination  of this agreement,  provided  that such Claims do not relate to lessee’s use,
possession  or  operation  of  the  equipment,  (b)  any  Claims that  result  from  the  gross  negligence  or  willful
misconduct of lessor, and (c) Claims for taxes (it being agreed that lessee’s indemnification obligations with
respect to taxes are set forth in Sections 10 and 18). if any Claim is made against lessee or lessor, the Party
receiving notice of such Claim shall promptly notify the other, but the failure of such person receiving notice to
notify the other shall not relieve lessee of any obligation hereunder.

18.

TAX INDEMNITY.

(a)

lessee acknowledges that the Rent in each lease has been calculated on the assumption that the
lessor  will  be  the  owner  of  the  equipment  for  federal,  state  and  local  income tax  purposes  on  the  date  it
acquires the equipment pursuant to the Master Purchase agreement, that it will remain the sole owner of the
equipment after entering into the applicable lease and that, for federal, state and local income tax purposes, it
will be able to (i) claim an investment tax credit (for federal income tax purposes) under Section 48(a) of the
Code  on  the  basis  that  the  equipment  qualifies  under  Section  48(a)(3)(a)(iv)  of  the  Code  on  the  Rental
Commencement  date equal  to  26%  of  the  Purchase  Price  of  the  equipment  (which  shall  be  equal  to  the
equipment’s appraised fair market value on the Rental Commencement date, as determined by the appraiser),
(ii) claim cost recovery reductions of one hundred percent (100%) of lessor’s depreciable Cost, under section
168(k)(1) of the Code, in the taxable year that includes the Rental Commencement date with respect thereto
and  assuming  such  equipment’s  salvage  value  is  zero,  and  (iii)  amortize transaction  expenses  incurred  in
connection with each lease ratably over the applicable initial

11

term. the foregoing investment tax credit, depreciation deductions and amortization deductions are referred to
herein as the “tax Benefits.” “lessor’s depreciable Cost” means (1) for state and local income tax purposes,
the  Purchase  Price  of  the  equipment  and  (2)  for  federal  income  tax  purposes,  the  Purchase  Price  of  the
equipment, reduced by 50% of the investment tax credit in clause (i) above. the “appraiser” for purposes of
this  Section  18 has  the  meaning  given  to  such   term  in  exhibit  B  to  this  agreement.  lessee  acknowledges
further that the Rent in each lease has been calculated on the assumption that lessor will have to report the
Rent as income in the periods and amounts shown on the Rent schedule to such lease.

(b)

lessee  represents,  warrants  and  covenants  to  lessor  the  following:  (i)(a)  for purposes of the
investment tax credit, the equipment will be treated as “placed in service” for federal income tax purposes and
the  original  use  of  the  equipment  will  be  deemed  to  commence  for  federal  income  tax  purposes  on  the
applicable Rental Commencement date and (B) for purposes of the depreciation deductions, (1) the equipment
will  be  treated  as  “placed  in  service” on  the  applicable  Rental  Commencement  date  and  (2)  the  acquisition
retirements set forth in section 168(k)(2)(e)(ii) of the Code have been met; (ii) neither the equipment nor any
portion  thereof  was  placed  in  service  by  lessee  or  any  other  person  or  entity  before  lessor  purchased  the
equipment from lessee and leased it back to lessee pursuant to the applicable lease; (iii) all of the equipment
was new when it was originally placed in service by the lessor; (iv) all of the equipment will be considered
“qualified fuel cell property” within the meaning of Section 48(c)(1) of the Code; (v) the lessor will be able to
claim an investment tax credit under Section 48(a) of the Code on the basis that the equipment qualified under
Section 48(a)(3)(a)(iv) of the Code equal to 26% of the Purchase Price of the equipment (which shall be equal
to the equipment’s appraised fair  market  value  as  of  the  Rental  Commencement  date,  as  determined  by  the
appraiser); (vi) all of the equipment qualifies as “5-year property” within the meaning of Section 168(e)(3)(B)
(vi)(i) of the Code; (vii) the lessor will have a tax basis for purposes of calculating the investment tax credit
equal to the Purchase Price of the equipment (which shall be equal to the equipment’s appraised fair market
value as of the Rental Commencement date, as determined by the appraiser); (viii) the lessor will have a tax
basis for (a) state and local income tax depreciation purposes equal to the Purchase Price of the equipment
(which shall be equal to the equipment’s appraised fair market value as of the Rental Commencement date, as
determined  by  the  appraiser) and  (B)  for  federal  income  tax  depreciation  purposes  equal  to  87%  of  the
Purchase  Price  of  the  equipment,  which  takes  into  account  a  reduction  in  basis  equal  to  50%  of  the  26%
investment  tax credit  amount;  (ix)  the  lessor  will  be  able  to  amortize  transaction  expenses  incurred  in
connection with each lease, ratably over the applicable initial term; (x) the equipment will not be considered
“tax-exempt use property” within the meaning of section 168(h) of the Code during the lease term other than
solely due to the fact that the lessor (or any member of the lessor) is or becomes a tax- exempt entity within
the meaning of section 168(h)(2) of the Code; (xi) the equipment will not be considered used by a tax-exempt
entity  within  the  meaning  of  section  50(b)(3)  of  the  Code  or  governmental  unit  or  foreign  person  or  entity
within the meaning of section 50(b)(4) of the Code during the lease term (in each case, other than as a result
of the status of the lessor or any member of the lessor); (xii) as of the applicable Rental Commencement date,
no  portion  of  the  equipment is,  and  at  no  time  during  the  lease  term  will  any  portion  of  the  equipment
become, tax-exempt

12

bond financed property within the meaning of Section 168(g)(5) of the Code, other than as a result of the status
of the lessor or any member of the lessor or actions taken by the lessor; (xiii) the equipment will be used
solely in the united States; (xiv) the equipment will not be subject to the alternative depreciation system under
section 168(g) of the Code (assuming no election by lessor under section 168(g)(1)(e) of the Code); (xv) the
GenKey agreement will be treated as a service contract under Section 7701(e) of the Code and not as a lease
for  income  tax  purposes;  (xvi)  the  lessee  has  not  claimed  and  will  not  claim,  or  cause  to  be  claimed,  an
investment tax credit under section 48(a) of the Code or other federal tax credit with respect to the equipment
or any portion thereof; (xvii) on the Rental Commencement date applicable to the equipment, the equipment
will not require any improvements, modifications or additions (other than ancillary items of a kind customarily
selected and furnished by lessees of property of the same kind as the equipment) in order for the equipment to
be  rendered  complete  for  its  intended  use  by  the  lessee;  (xviii)  the lessee will not take a position for u.S.
federal or state income tax purposes that it is the owner of any portion of the equipment during the lease term
or that is inconsistent with any of the tax assumptions set forth in this Section 18; (xix) at no time during the
period beginning on the applicable Rental Commencement date and ending on the fifth anniversary of such
date (the “Recapture Period”) will the equipment or any portion thereof be disposed of or otherwise cease to
be  (in  each  case  within  the  meaning  of  section  50  of  the  Code)  “qualified  fuel  cell  property”  within  the
meaning of Section 48(c)(1) of the Code, other than as a result of the status of the lessor or any member of the
lessor or actions taken by the lessor; and (xx) all written information provided by or on behalf of the lessee
to the appraiser was accurate and complete in all material respects and remains accurate and complete on the
applicable Rental Commencement date.

(c)

lessee covenants that it has not, and will not at any time from such delivery through the term of
this agreement, take any action or omit to take any action (whether or not the same is permitted or required
hereunder) that is inconsistent with the tax assumptions in Section 18(a), that could contribute to loss by lessor
of  all  or  any  part  of  the  tax  Benefits  or  that  could  require  the lessor to report Rent as income ahead of the
periods to which the Rent  is allocated in the applicable Rent  schedule.  lessee  covenants  that  it  will  provide
lessor  promptly  upon  request  any  information  that  lessor  requires  in  connection  with  claiming  any  tax
Benefits and responding to questions from the internal Revenue Service or any state taxing authority.

(d)

if  as  a  result  of  any  act,  omission,  breach  of  warranty  or  covenant  or  misrepresentation  by

lessee,  the  tax  Benefits  are  lost,  disallowed,  eliminated,  reduced,  delayed, recaptured,  compromised  or  are
otherwise unavailable to lessor (any of the foregoing being a “loss”) or the lessor is required to report Rent
as income ahead of the periods to which the Rent is allocated in the applicable Rent schedule (an “inclusion”),
then lessee will pay the lessor promptly on demand an amount that will compensate the lessor fully for the
loss or inclusion (including any interest, penalties or additions to tax) on an after-tax basis, subject to the last
sentence of this Section 18(d). For this purpose, “after-tax basis” means an amount determined by dividing the
amount  of  the  loss  or  inclusion  by  one  minus  the  maximum  composite  federal,  state and  local  corporate
income tax rates in effect at time of payment. upon payment of the full indemnity amount by lessee, the act,
omission, breach of warranty or covenant or

13

misrepresentation of lessee that caused a loss will not be deemed a default hereunder. if requested by lessee,
lessor agrees to attempt in good faith to challenge any assertion by the internal Revenue Service that will lead
to a loss; provided, however, lessee has first paid to lessor the amount of such loss and agreed in writing to
indemnify lessor for all reasonable expenses (including attorneys’ fees), liabilities or losses that lessor may
incur in the contest. lessor will have the sole discretion to determine whether or not to undertake judicial or
administrative  proceedings  beyond  the  level  of  an  internal  Revenue  Service  auditing  agent  and  to  select
counsel to handle the contest; provided that if the claim must be paid before the matter can be heard in court,
lessee will advance the funds necessary to do so on an interest-free basis. For purposes of this Section 18, the
term  “lessor”  shall  include  the  entity  or  entities,  if  any,  with  which  lessor files a  consolidated  income  tax
return.

19.

DEFAULT  AND  REMEDIES.  (a)  lessee  shall  be  in  default  under  this  agreement  if:  (i)
lessee fails to pay Rent or any other payment due and owing hereunder, including an tax indemnity set forth in
Section 18, within five (5) business days of the due date thereof; (ii) any representation or warranty made by
lessee  herein  or  in  any  document  delivered  to  lessor  in  connection  herewith  shall  prove  to  be  false  or
misleading and the false or misleading nature of such representation or warranty is not corrected within thirty
(30) days following receipt of  written  notice  thereof  from  lessor;  (iii)  a  breach  of  the  covenant  set  forth  in
Section 18(b), Section 26(c) or Section 26(d) hereof shall have occurred; (iv) a lease fails to be considered a
“true lease” for federal income tax purposes as a result of any act, omission, breach of warranty or covenant or
misrepresentation by lessee; (v) lessee becomes insolvent, dissolves, or assigns its assets for the benefit of
creditors, or enters any bankruptcy or reorganization proceeding; (vi) (a) the Master Sublease or any Sublease
has  been  terminated  without  the  prior  written  consent  of lessor other than pursuant to an early termination
contemplated  by  Section  2  of  the  Sublease;  or  (B)  any  default  has  occurred  and  is  continuing  under  any
provision  of  the  Master  Sublease  or  any Sublease  and  any  cure  period provided  thereunder  has  terminated
without  such  default  having  been cured;  (vii)  lessee  fails  to  observe,  keep  or  perform  any  other  term  or
condition  of  this  agreement or  any  other  lease  document  and  such  failure  continues  for  thirty  (30)  days
following receipt of written notice from lessor; (viii) lessee undergoes a Change in Control (as defined below)
without the  prior  written  approval  of  lessor,  where  “Change  in  Control”  means  any  (x)  reorganization,
recapitalization, consolidation or merger (or similar transaction or series of related transactions) of lessee in
which  the  holders  of  lessee’s  outstanding  shares  immediately  before  consummation  of  such  transaction  or
series of related transactions do not, immediately after consummation of such transaction or series of related
transactions,  retain  shares  representing  more  than  fifty  percent (50%)  of  the  voting  power  of  the  surviving
entity  of  such  transaction  or  series  of  related transactions  (or  the  parent  of  such  surviving  entity  if  such
surviving  entity  is  wholly  owned  by  such  parent),  in  each  case  without  regard  to  whether  lessee  is  the
surviving entity or (y) the sale, transfer, lease or other disposal of all or substantially all of lessee’s assets to
another person or entity;  (ix)  (a)  the  hd  Parent  Guaranty  is  no  longer  in  full  force  and  effect,  (B)  the  hd
Parent contests the validity or enforceability of any provision of the hd Parent Guaranty, or (C) the hd Parent
purports  to  revoke,  terminate  or  rescind  the  hd  Parent  Guaranty  or  any  provision  thereof;  (x)  the  chief
executive  officer,  chief  financial  officer  or  chief  operating  officer  of  lessee  is  convicted  of  a  felony;  (xi)
within thirty (30) days following the date on which the initial lease is

14

entered into by lessor and lessee, any of the following shall have occurred: (a) the Master Sublease shall not
have  been  executed  and  delivered  by  lessee  and  hd  uSa;  (B)  the  Payment  Guaranty  shall  not  have  been
executed  and  delivered  by  the  hd  Parent;  (C)  the  assignment agreement shall have been be executed and
delivered by lessee; or (d) the Consent shall not have been executed and delivered by hd uSa; (xii) within
thirty (30) days following the date any lease is entered into by lessor and lessee, the Sublease for the related
equipment  shall  not  have  been  executed  and  delivered  by  lessee  and  hd  uSa;  and/or  (xiii)  any  payment
default has occurred and is continuing under any master lease agreement that currently or may hereinafter exist
between lessor and lessee or any affiliate of lessee (after giving effect to any applicable grace or cure periods
therein) (each of (i) through (xiii), a “default”).

(b)

if a default shall have occurred and be continuing, lessor shall have the right to take any one or
more  of  the  following  actions:  (i)  cancel  or  terminate  this  agreement  and/or  each lease  and  repossess  the
equipment; (ii) proceed by appropriate court action or actions at law or in equity to enforce performance by
lessee of the terms and conditions of this agreement and each lease and/or recover damages for the breach
thereof; (iii) accelerate all of the amounts due hereunder by requiring lessee to pay lessor an amount equal to
the sum  of (a) all Rent  and any other  amounts  accrued  to the  date  of such payment,  plus (B) the aggregate
termination Value for all equipment; (iv) take any other action as provided for in the assignment agreement
and/or the Consent and/or the letter(s) of Credit; and/or (v) exercise any other right or remedy available at law
or in equity; provided, however, that with respect to a default under Section 19(a)(xii), lessor’s sole remedies
shall  be  to  demand  lessee  pay  the  termination  Value  for  the  related  equipment  or  to  draw  on  the  related
initial  letter  of  Credit,  and  upon  receipt  by  lessor  of  the  proceeds  of  such  demand  or  such  draw,  and
notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein or in any other lease document, (1) the lease for
the related equipment will, subject to Section 22, be deemed terminated, cancelled and of no further force and
effect and (2) the related equipment will be transferred to lessee or lessee’s designee on an “as is,” “where is”
basis  without representation  or  warranty.  lessor  shall  have  no  obligation  to  exercise  remedies  against  any
equipment or other collateral to mitigate damages and may elect to demand and receive the termination Value
without proceeding against any collateral.

(c)

upon payment in full to lessor of the amounts set forth in Section 19(b)(iii), from or on behalf
of the lessee, the applicable lease shall terminate (except as set forth in Section 22) solely with respect to the
equipment (or any item thereof) leased under such lease for which such payment is received by lessor and, at
the request of lessee, lessor shall transfer its rights in such equipment to lessee or lessee’s designee on an
“as is,” “where is” basis without representation or warranty.

20.

REPORTS.  (a) within sixty (60) days after the end of each quarterly period during the lease
term, lessee shall deliver to lessor unaudited quarterly financial statements for the lessee as of the end of
such  quarterly  period,  prepared  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles  in  the  united
States  (“GaaP”),  it  being  understood  that  this  Section  20(a)  shall  be  deemed  satisfied  if  such  quarterly
financial statements are timely filed by lessee with the Securities and exchange  Commission in compliance
with applicable law.

15

(b) within  one  hundred  twenty  (120)  days  after  the  end  of  each  calendar  year  during  the  lease
term, lessee shall deliver to lessor audited annual financial statements for the lessee as of the end of such
calendar year, prepared in accordance with GaaP and certified by an independent accounting firm acceptable
to  lessor;  it  being  understood  that  this  Section  20(b)  shall be  deemed  satisfied  if  such  annual  financial
statements  are  timely  filed  by  lessee  with  the  Securities  and  exchange  Commission  in  compliance  with
applicable law.

(c)

Promptly,  but in any event  within  ten  (10) business days after  receipt  thereof,  a copy of each
periodic  report  received  by  the  lessee  during  the  lease  term  from  each  maintenance provider  for  the
equipment and, if requested by lessor, each periodic report and other notice sent to or received by hd uSa
under any Related agreement.

(d)

Promptly upon, but no later than ten (10) business days after, lessor’s request from time to time,
such data, certificates,  reports,  statements,  documents  and further information regarding the business, assets,
liabilities, financial condition, or results of operations of the lessee as the lessor may reasonably request.

(e)

on January 31 and July 31 of each calendar year, a schedule reflecting all leases then in effect
and each item of equipment then being leased thereunder listed by Site and identifying (i) the product/model
type and serial number of each such item of equipment and (ii) any such item of equipment (a) that had been
relocated from its original Site (noting the Site to an from which such item of equipment had been relocated)
or (B) whose product/model type had been upgraded, converted or otherwise modified (noting the original and
modified product/model type), in each case, since the Rental Commencement date of the applicable lease.

21.

FURTHER ASSURANCES.  lessee agrees (a) at the written request of lessor, to execute and
deliver  to  lessor  any  uniform  Commercial  Code  financing  statements,  fixture  filings  or  other  instruments
lessor reasonably deems necessary for expedient filing, recording or perfecting the interest and title of lessor
in this agreement, any lease and the equipment, (b) that a copy of this agreement and any lease may be filed
in  accordance  with  clause  (a),  provided  the economic  terms  not  necessary  for  filing  shall  have  been  deleted
therefrom,  (c)  that  all  reasonable  and  documented  costs  incurred  in  connection  with  any  actions  taken  in
accordance  with  clause  (a), including,  without  limitation,  costs  for  filing  fees  and  taxes,  shall  be  paid  by
lessee, and (d) to promptly, at lessee’s expense, execute and deliver to lesssor such further documents, take
such further action and provide such information as lessor may request in order to carry out more effectively
the  intent  and purpose  of  this  agreement  and  the  other  lease  documents  and/or  comply with  the  laws  or
regulations applicable to lessor, lessee and/or the transactions contemplated by this agreement and the other
lease documents.

22.

SURVIVAL.  lessee’s  covenants,  representations,  warranties  and  indemnities  contained  in

Sections 7, 10, 14, 17, 18, 19(b) and 26 hereof are made for the benefit of lessor and shall survive, remain in
full force and effect and be enforceable after the expiration or termination of this agreement for any reason.
each  other  provision  set  forth  in  the  lease  documents  that,  by its  terms,  survives  termination  of  this
agreement  shall  also  survive,  remain  in  full  force  and  effect and  be  enforceable  after  the  expiration  or
termination of this agreement for any reason.

16

23.

INSPECTION.  during the lease term and subject to the Master Sublease, lessor may, during
normal  business  hours,  on  reasonable  prior  written  notice  to  lessee,  inspect  the equipment  and  the  records
with  respect  to  the  operations  and  maintenance  thereof,  in  lessee’s custody  or  to  which  lessee  has  access.
lessee may be present at such inspection. any such inspection will not unreasonably disturb or interfere with
the normal operation or maintenance of the equipment or the conduct by lessee of its business and will be in
accordance  with lessee’s health,  safety  and  insurance  programs. in  no  event  shall  lessor  have  any  duty  or
obligation to make any such inspection and lessor shall not incur any liability or obligation by reason of not
making any such inspection.

24.

ACCEPTANCE  OF  EQUIPMENT;  NON  CANCELABLE.  lessee’s  acceptance  of  the
equipment shall be conclusively and irrevocably evidenced by lessee signing the Certificate of acceptance in
the  form  attached  hereto  and  upon  acceptance,  each  lease  shall  be  noncancelable  by  lessee  for  the  lease
term thereof unless otherwise provided in such lease.

25.

ASSIGNMENT;  STATUS  OF  LESSEE.  (a)  lessee  acknowledges  and  agrees  that  lessor
may,  at  any  time,  without  prior  notice  to  or  consent  of  lessee,  assign  its  rights  and  obligations  under  this
agreement  in  whole  or  in  part  and/or  mortgage,  or  pledge  or  sell  the  equipment  subject  to  lessee’s  rights
under this agreement. Such  assignee  or  mortgagee  may  re- assign  this  agreement  and/or  mortgage  without
notice  to  lessee.  to  the  extent  so  assigned  or  transferred,  any  such  assignee,  buyer,  transferee,  grantee  or
mortgagee  shall  have  and  be  entitled  to  exercise  any  and  all  rights  and  powers  of,  and  shall  perform  all
obligations  of,  lessor  under  this agreement.  if  any  such  lessor  assignment  is  a  partial  assignment  of  this
agreement by wells Fargo equipment Finance, inc. (for purposes of this Section 25, “wFeF”), (i) so long as
no default shall have occurred, wFeF shall maintain its administrative role under this agreement with lessee
and  shall  act  as  an  intermediary  between  lessee  and  any  wFeF  partial  assignee,  and  (ii)  unless  lessee
receives notice from wFeF or wFeF’s assignee to the contrary, lessee’s satisfaction of its obligations under
the lease documents to wFeF shall be deemed to satisfy such obligations to all lessors.

(b) without limiting the foregoing, lessee further acknowledges and agrees that upon written notice

of an assignment from lessor, lessee will pay all Rent and any and all other amounts payable by lessee under
any lease to such assignee or mortgagee or as instructed by lessor in writing upon at least ten (10) business
days’ prior notice. lessor  agrees  to  provide  prompt  notice of  any  such  assignment  or  mortgage,  and  lessee
agrees  to  confirm  in  writing  receipt  of  any  such  notice  of  assignment  as  may  be  reasonably  requested  by
lessor and  such  assignee  or mortgagee; provided that lessor’s failure to provide prompt notice of any such
assignment  or  mortgage  shall  not  affect  or  otherwise  impact  the  effectiveness  of  such  assignment  or
mortgage;  provided,  however,  that  lessee  will  be  deemed  to  have  performed  a  Rent  payment  obligation  if
lessee makes such Rent payment to the assigning lessor before receiving notice of the related assignment.

(c)

except (i) as otherwise set forth in this agreement and any lease and (ii) for the sublease of the

equipment granted under the Master Sublease and each Sublease, lessee shall not

17

assign, sublease, hypothecate, sell or transfer the equipment or any interest in this agreement or any lease,
and any attempt to do so shall be null and void and shall constitute a default hereunder.

(d)

lessee will not: (x) knowingly allow a Blocked Person (as defined below) to have an ownership
interest in lessee; or (y) otherwise allow a Blocked Person or Blocked Persons to have a fifty percent (50%) or
greater ownership interest in or control of lessee.  “Blocked Person” means any person or entity that is now or
at  any  time (a)  on a  list  of Specially  designated nationals issued  by  the  office  of  Foreign  assets  Control
(“oFaC”) of the united States department of the treasury or any sectoral sanctions identification list, or (B)
whose property or interests in property are blocked by oFaC or who is subject to sanctions imposed by law,
including any executive order of any branch or department of the united States government or (C) otherwise
designated by the united States or any regulator having jurisdiction or regulatory oversight over the lessor, to
be a person to whom the lessor is not permitted to extend credit or with regard to whom a lessee relationship
may result in penalties against the lessor or limitations on the lessor’s ability to enforce a transaction.

26.

REPRESENTATIONS,  WARRANTIES  AND  COVENANTS.  (a)  lessee  represents  and
warrants  to  lessor  that:  (i)  the  execution  and  delivery  by  lessee  of  this  agreement, any  lease  and  any
Certificate  of  acceptance  are  duly  authorized  on  the  part  of  lessee  and constitute valid obligations binding
upon, and enforceable against, lessee; (ii) neither the execution and delivery of this agreement, any lease or
any Certificate of acceptance, nor the due performance  thereof by lessee, including  the commitment  to pay
(and  payment  of)  Rent,  will  result  in  any  breach  of,  or  constitute  a  default  under,  or  violation  of,  lessee’s
constitutive documents, or any material agreement to which lessee is a party or by which lessee is bound that
relates  to  the  subject  matter  hereof,  including  without  limitation  that  certain  loan  and  Security  agreement
dated  as  of  March  29,  2019  by  and  among  Plug  Power  inc.,  Generate  lending,  llC, as  lender,  and  certain
other parties thereto, as the same may be amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified
from  time  to  time;  (iii)  lessee  is  duly  incorporated,  validly  existing  and  in  good  standing  in  its  state  of
incorporation and in any jurisdiction where the equipment is located; and (iv) no material approval, consent or
withholding  of  objection  is  required  from  any  governmental  authority  or  entity  with  respect  to  the  entering
into, or performance of this agreement, any lease or any Certificate of acceptance by lessee.

(b)

lessee has provided to lessor true and correct copies of its constitutive documents, authorizing
resolutions for the transactions contemplated hereby, and a certificate of incumbency, each certified by a duly
appointed officer of lessee.

(c)

lessee  shall  not,  without  the  prior  written  consent  of  lessor: (i) amend, modify, supplement,
assign, transfer or terminate the Master Sublease or any Sublease; (ii) renew or extend (or request renewal or
extension of or consent to a renewal or extension of) the term of the Master Sublease or any Sublease; or (iii)
release the hd Parent from any of its obligations under, or amend or otherwise modify the terms of, the hd
Parent Guaranty

(d)

lessee shall:  (i) use its commercially reasonable efforts to enforce its rights under the Master

Sublease, each Sublease and the hd Parent Guaranty and take or omit to take any action

18

thereunder  as  directed  by  lessor  from  time  to  time;  and  (ii)  if  the  Master  Sublease  or  any  Sublease is
terminated by hd uSa pursuant to Section 2 of the Master Sublease, cause the proceeds of the payment made
by hd uSa in connection with any such termination to be deposited in an account of wells Fargo Bank, n.a.
and over which the lessor will have control and the exclusive right to disburse the funds therein.

27.

NOTICES.  any  notice  required  or  given  hereunder  shall  be  deemed  properly  given  when
provided  in  writing  (a)  three  (3)  business  days  after  mailed  first  class,  overnight,  or  certified  mail,  return
receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to the designated recipient at its address set forth below or such
other address as such Party may advise by notice given in accordance with this provision or (b) upon receipt by
the Party to whom addressed in writing by personal delivery, commercial courier service, fax or other means
which provides a permanent record of the delivery of such notice. notices shall be delivered to the Parties at
the following addresses:

if to lessee:

Plug Power inc. 
968 albany Shaker Road 
latham, nY 12110 
attn: Paul Middleton 
telephone: (518) 738-0281 
Facsimile: (518) 782-7884 
email: pmiddleton@plugpower.com

if to lessor:

wells Fargo equipment Finance, inc. 
600 South Fourth Street 
Minneapolis, Mn 55415 
attn: account Services 
Facsimile: (866) 687-5578 
email:  wFeFi@wellsfargo.com

28.

DOCUMENTATION. except  for  the  payment  of  Rent  set  forth  in  the  applicable leases, for
which  invoices  are  provided  as  an  accommodation  to  lessee  and  not  as  a  condition  precedent  to  payment,
lessor shall use its best efforts to provide lessee with reasonable documentation, including, statements, tax
bills and/or invoices, evidencing payment obligations or reimbursement due to lessor pursuant to the terms of
this agreement.

29.

ANTI-MONEY  LAUNDERING;  INTERNATIONAL  TRADE  LAW  COMPLIANCE.
lessee  represents  and  warrants  to  lessor,  as  of  the  date  of  this  agreement,  the date  of  each  advance  of
proceeds pursuant to this agreement, the date of any renewal, extension or modification of this agreement or
any  lease,  and  at  all  times  until  this  agreement  and  each  lease  has  been  terminated  and  all  amounts
thereunder have been indefeasibly paid in full, that: (a)

19

no  Covered  entity  (i)  is  a  Sanctioned  Person;  (ii)  has  any  of  its  assets  in  a  Sanctioned  Country  or  in  the
possession, custody or control of a Sanctioned Person; or (iii) does business in or with, or derives any of its
operating income from investments in or transactions  with, any Sanctioned Country or Sanctioned Person in
violation of any law, regulation, order or directive enforced by any Compliance authority; (b) the proceeds of
any  lease  will  not  be  used  to  fund  any  operations in,  finance  any  investments  or  activities  in,  or,  make  any
payments to, a Sanctioned Country or Sanctioned Person in violation of any law, regulation, order or directive
enforced  by  any  Compliance  authority;  (c)  the  funds  used  to  repay  any  lease  are  not  derived  from  any
unlawful activity; and (d) each Covered entity is in compliance with, and no Covered entity engages in any
dealings  or  transactions  prohibited  by,  any  laws  of  the  united  States,  including  but  not  limited  to any anti-
terrorism  laws.  lessee  covenants  and  agrees  that  it  shall  immediately  notify  lessor  in writing  upon  the
occurrence of a Reportable Compliance event.

 (c)  u.S.

as used herein: “anti-terrorism laws” means any laws relating to terrorism, trade sanctions programs
and  embargoes,  import/export  licensing,  money  laundering,  or  bribery,  all  as  amended,  supplemented  or
replaced  from  time  to  time;  “Compliance  authority”  means  each  and  all  of  the  (a)  u.S.  treasury
department/office  of  Foreign  assets  Control,  (b)  u.S.  treasury  department/Financial  Crimes  enforcement
network,
 State  department/directorate  of  defense  trade  Controls,  (d)  u.S.  Commerce
department/Bureau of industry and Security, (e) u.S. internal  Revenue  Service,  (f) u.S. Justice department,
and  (g)  u.S.  Securities  and  exchange  Commission;  “Covered  entity”  means  lessee,  its  affiliates  and
subsidiaries, all guarantors, pledgors of collateral, all owners of the foregoing, and all brokers or other agents of
lessee acting in any capacity in connection with this agreement or any lease; “Reportable Compliance event”
means  that  any  Covered  entity  becomes  a  Sanctioned  Person,  or  is  indicted,  arraigned,  investigated or
custodially detained, or receives an inquiry from regulatory or law enforcement officials, in connection with
any  anti-terrorism  law  or  any  predicate  crime  to  any  anti-terrorism  law,  or  self-discovers  facts  or
circumstances  implicating  any  aspect  of  its  operations  with  the  actual  or  possible  violation  of  any  anti-
terrorism  law;  “Sanctioned  Country”  means  a  country  subject  to  a sanctions  program  maintained  by  any
Compliance authority; and “Sanctioned Person” means any individual  person, group, regime,  entity or thing
listed or otherwise recognized as a specially designated, prohibited, sanctioned or debarred person or entity, or
subject to any limitations or prohibitions (including but not limited to the blocking of property or rejection of
transactions), under any order or directive of any Compliance authority or otherwise subject to, or specially
designated under, any sanctions program maintained by any Compliance authority.

30.

USA  PATRIOT  ACT  NOTICE. to  help  the  government  fight  the  funding  of terrorism and
money  laundering  activities,  Federal  law  requires  all  financial  institutions  to  obtain,  verify  and  record
information that identifies each lessee that opens an account. what this means: when lessee opens an account,
lessor will ask for the business name, business address, taxpayer identifying number and other information that
will allow lessor to identify lessee, such as organizational documents. For some businesses and organizations,
lessor  may  also  need  to  ask  for  identifying  information  and  documentation  relating  to  certain  individuals
associated with the business or organization.

20

31.

GOVERNING  LAW.  this  agreement  and  each  lease  are  entered  into,  under  and shall  be
construed in accordance with, and governed by, the laws of the State of new York, without giving effect to
conflict of laws principles. each Party consents to the exclusive jurisdiction of any state or federal court in the
State of new York over any action or proceeding brought in connection with this agreement. leSSee and
leSSoR eXPReSSlY waiVe anY RiGht to tRial BY JuRY in anY aCtion oR PRoCeedinG
to  whiCh  leSSoR  and/oR  leSSee  MaY  Be  PaRtieS  aRiSinG  out  oF  oR  in  anY  waY
PeRtaininG to thiS aGReeMent.

32.

FINANCE  LEASE  STATUS.  lessee  agrees  that  if  article  2a-leases  of  the  uniform
Commercial  Code  of  the  State  of  new  York  (the  “uniform  Commercial  Code”  or  “uCC”) applies  to  this
agreement and any lease, this agreement and each such lease shall be considered a “Finance lease” as that
term is defined in article 2a. to the eXtent PeRMitted BY aPPliCaBle law, leSSee waiVeS
anY and all RiGhtS and ReMedieS ConFeRRed uPon a leSSee BY SeCtionS 508-522 oF
aRtiCle 2a oF the uCC.

33.

BUSINESS DAY.  For all purposes hereof, the term “business day” means any day which is not

a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banks are required to close for business in the State of new York.

34. MISCELLANEOUS. the captions of this agreement  are for convenience  only and shall not
be read to define or limit the intent of the provision that follows such captions.  this agreement contains the
entire agreement and understanding between lessor and lessee relating to the subject matter hereof.  no delay,
omission  or  prior  act  or  waiver  of  the  lessor  shall  constitute a  waiver  by  the  lessor.  any  variation  or
modification hereof and any waiver of any of the provisions or conditions hereof shall not be valid unless in
writing signed by an authorized representative of the Parties hereto. any provision of this agreement that is
unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or
unenforceability  without  invalidating  the  remaining  provisions  hereof  and  any  such  prohibition  or
unenforceability  in  any  jurisdiction  shall  not  invalidate  or  render  unenforceable  such  provision  in any  other
jurisdiction. lessor’s failure at any time to require strict performance by lessee or any of the provisions hereof
shall not waive or diminish lessor’s right thereafter to demand strict compliance therewith or with any other
provision. lessor  may  in  its  sole  discretion,  accept  a photocopy,  electronically  transmitted  facsimile,  pdf  or
other reproduction of this agreement, a lease, any other lease document and/or any document related hereto
or  thereto  (a  “Counterpart”) as  the  binding  and  effective  record  of  this  agreement,  such  lease,  such  other
lease  document  and/or  such  other  document  whether  or  not  an  ink  signed  copy  hereof  or  thereof  is  also
received by lessor from lessee; provided, however, that if lessor accepts a Counterpart as the binding and
effective  this  agreement  or  any  other  document,  the  Counterpart  acknowledged  by  lessor  (either in  ink  or
electronically) shall constitute the record hereof or thereof. lessee represents to lessor that the signature that
appears on the Counterpart that is transmitted by lessee to lessor in any manner described above is intended
by  lessee  to  authenticate  the  Counterpart  nothwithstanding  that  such  signature  is  electronic,  facsimile  or  a
reproduction and lessee further agrees that a Counterpart of this agreement or such other document received
by lessor, shall, when

21

acknowledged by lessor (either in ink or electronically), constitute an original document for the purposes of
establishing the provisions hereof and thereof and shall be legally admissible under the best evidence rule and
binding  on  and  enforceable  against  lessee.  if  lessor  accepts  a  Counterpart  of  a  lease  as  the  binding  and
effective record thereof, only such Counterpart acknowledged by lessor’s ink or electronic signature may be
marked “original” and to the extent that a lease or other document constitutes  chattel paper, perfection of a
security  interest  by  possession  or  control  may  only  be  accomplished  by  possession  or  control  of  the
Counterpart that bears lessor’s acknowledgement.

22

in  witneSS  wheReoF,  the  Parties  hereto have  duly  executed  this agreement  as of the date first

above written.

LESSOR:

WELLS FARGO EQUIPMENT FINANCE, INC.

By:  /s/ Kathleen hatella

name: Kathleen hatella
title: authorized Signer

LESSEE:

PLUG POWER INC.

By: 

name:
title:

Wells Fargo/Plug Power-Master Lease Agreement (Home Depot)

(original)

in witneSS wheReoF, the Parties hereto have duly executed this agreement as of the date first

above written.

LESSOR:

WELLS FARGO EQUIPMENT FINANCE, INC.

By: 

name:
title:

LESSEE:

PLUG POWER INC.

By:  /s/ Paul Middleton

name: Paul Middleton
title: CFo

Wells Fargo/Plug Power-Master Lease Agreement (Home Depot)

(original)

EXHIBIT A 
RENTAL SCHEDULE NO. [              ]

this  Rental  Schedule  dated  and  effective  as  of  [                          ],  202[    ]  (this  “lease”)  incorporates by

reference the terms and provisions of the Master lease agreement dated as of august [12], 2020 (as the same
may be amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Master
lease  agreement”)  by  and  between  wells  Fargo  equipment  Finance,  inc. (together  with  its  successors  and
assigns,  “lessor”)  and  Plug  Power  inc.  (“lessee”).  this  lease  shall  be  accompanied  by  a  Certificate  of
acceptance in the form attached as attachment #1.

all  terms  used  within  this  document  that  are  defined  in  the  Master  lease  agreement  shall have  the

same meaning herein.

1.

description of equipment:

[  ] Gendrive Fuel Cells, as more fully described on Schedule a hereto, and located at [           ].
[ ] GenKey hydrogen Fueling System, as more fully described on Schedule a hereto, and located at
[                ].

Lease Terms:

Initial Term: [                        ]1
Rental Commencement Date: [                ], 202[  ]
Rent:  as set forth on attachment #2 attached hereto and incorporated herein
Lessor Account Information: all payments of Rent shall be made to the following account of lessor
[                              ]2

the  initial  term  of  this  lease  shall  commence  upon  the  acceptance  date  as  indicated  on  the
Certificate of acceptance (“lease Commencement date”) and, unless earlier terminated pursuant to the
terms of the Master lease agreement, shall continue until expiration of the number of months of the
initial term specified above after the Rental Commencement date.

lessee  shall  pay  Rent  throughout  the  initial  term  in  advance  on  each  Rent  payment  date  listed  on
attachment  #2  in  the  amount  specified  under  the  column  heading  “Rent  Payment” for  such  Rent
payment  date.  the  Rent  payable  on  each  Rent  payment  date  shall  be  applied to  satisfy  the  lessee’s
obligation  with  respect  to  the  Rent  owed  on  each  “Rental  date”  for  the  applicable  rental  period,  as
further set forth on attachment #2 hereto.

2.

the  termination  Values  are  as  set  out  on  attachment  #3  attached  hereto  and  incorporated
herein.

1 initial term to be 78 months from the lease Commencement date.
2 account information to be inserted

1

3.

all purchase and end of term options awarded to lessee in respect of this lease shall apply to
all, but not less than all, equipment leased under this lease.

[Signature page follows.]

2

in witneSS wheReoF, the Parties hereto have caused this lease to be duly executed on the date set

forth below by their authorized representatives.

thiS leaSe Cannot Be CanCelled

LESSOR:

WELLS FARGO EQUIPMENT FINANCE, INC.

By: 

name:
title:

LESSEE:

PLUG POWER INC.

By: 

Paul Middleton
Chief Financial officer

3

Schedule A 
TO EXHIBIT A

DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT

Product / Model Number

Serial Number

4

Attachment #1 
TO EXHIBIT A

CERTIFICATE OF ACCEPTANCE 
to
Rental Schedule no.                                 
dated [                   ], 202[  ]

in  compliance  with  the  terms,  conditions  and  provisions  of  the  Master  lease  agreement dated as of
august [  ], 2020 (as the same may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the
“lease”)  between  the  undersigned  (“lessee”)  and  wells  Fargo  equipment  Finance,  inc.  (together  with  its
successors and assigns, “lessor”), lessee hereby:

(a)

(b)

(c)

certifies  and  warrants  that  all  equipment  described  in  the  above-referenced  Rental  Schedule
(the  “equipment”)  is  delivered,  inspected  and  fully  installed,  and  operational  as  of  the
acceptance date as indicated below;

accepts all the equipment for all purposes under the lease and all attendant documents as of the
date above (the “acceptance date”); and

restates  and  reaffirms,  as  of  the  acceptance  date,  each  of  the  representations, warranties
and covenants heretofore given to lessor in the lease.

lessor is hereby authorized to insert serial numbers on the above-referenced Rental Schedule.

leSSee:
PLUG POWER INC.

By:                                                                               
name:
title:

5

Attachment #2 
TO EXHIBIT A

Rents 
for Rental Schedule No. [          ]

Rent shall be due and payable in accordance with the following schedule.33 Rent is stated exclusive of

all applicable sales and/or use taxes.  lessee is responsible for all sales and/or use taxes on the Rent.

3 Rent payments will be due monthly in advance.

6

Attachment #3 
TO EXHIBIT A

Termination Value Schedule 
Rental Schedule No. [                     ]

7

EXHIBIT B

ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS PRECEDENT TO LEASES

1. a lease for the applicable equipment, substantially in the form of exhibit a to this agreement executed by

lessor and lessee .

2. a Certificate of acceptance for the applicable equipment, substantially in the form of attachment #1 to

exhibit a to this agreement, executed by lessee.

3. a Bill of Sale for the applicable equipment, substantially in the form of exhibit #1 to the Master Purchase

agreement, executed by lessor and lessee.

4. the warranties with respect to the applicable equipment.

5.

in the case of the first lease entered into on or after the date of this agreement, a Secretary’s Certificate of
lessee,  dated  the  date  of  such  lease  and  attaching  (i)  true  and  complete  copies  of  its  constitutive
documents in effect as of the date thereof, (ii) a true and complete copy of resolutions duly adopted by the
authorized  governing  body  of  lessee,  authorizing the  execution, delivery  and  performance by  lessee of
each  of  the lease  documents to  which  it  is  a  party,  (iii)  an  incumbency  certificate  with  respect  to  the
officers  of  lessee  authorized  to  execute  the  lease  documents  to  which  lessee  is  a  party,  and  (iv)  a
certificate  of good  standing,  issued  by  the  Secretary  of  State  of  delaware,  dated  not  more  than  ten  (10)
business days before the date of such lease; and (b) in the case of each other lease, a bringdown of the
certificate referenced in clause (a) of this paragraph 6 in form and substance satisfactory to lessor.

6. Precautionary  uCC-1  financing  statements,  naming  lessee  as  debtor  and  lessor  or  its  successors  and
assigns as secured party, properly filed, registered or recorded in each jurisdiction in which lessor shall
reasonably request.

7. uCC lien search reports, satisfactory to lessor, dated not more than ten (10) business days before the date

of the applicable lease, made in respect of lessee in each jurisdiction in which lessee is located.

8. uCC-3  financing  statements,  terminating  the  interests  of  any  secured  party  that  is  not  lessor, properly

filed, registered or recorded in each jurisdiction in which lessor shall reasonably request.

9. Copies of certificates of insurance naming lessor as loss payee and/or additional insured that conform to all

requirements set forth in Section 13 of this agreement.

10. an itemized invoice for each item of equipment (including itemization of any sales/use tax being paid or

sales tax exemption certificate), together with evidence of payment thereof.

11. a pay proceeds letter addressed to lessor, executed by lessee, and in form and substance satisfactory to

lessor.

8

12. an  appraisal  report  prepared  solely  for  lessor  and  its  counsel  by  an  appraiser  chosen  by  lessor (the
“appraiser”) that is satisfactory in form and substance to lessor, which confirms, among other things, that
all of the applicable equipment is “qualified fuel cell property” within the meaning of section 48(c)(1) of
the Code, the lessor will be eligible to claim an investment tax credit under section 48(a) of the Code on
the  basis  that  the  equipment  qualifies  under  section 48(a)(3)(a)(iv)  of  the  Code  equal  to  26%  of  the
Purchase Price of the equipment (which shall be equal to the equipment’s appraised fair market value on
the  Rental  Commencement  date,  as  determined  by  the  appraiser),  and  confirms  a  residual  value  and
remaining useful life for the applicable equipment at the end of the initial term therefor that is acceptable
to lessor and lessor’s counsel.

13. a certificate from the chief financial officer of lessee that is satisfactory in form and substance to lessor,
dated the date of the applicable lease, confirming that the applicable equipment has not been placed in
service for u.S. federal income tax purposes as of the date of the applicable lease.

14. an  irrevocable  standby  letter  of  credit  (each,  an  “initial  letter  of  Credit”),  issued  by  Key  Bank or  such
other united States bank acceptable to lessor in its sole discretion (the “issuing Bank”): (a) naming lessor
as  beneficiary;  (b)  in  a  face  amount  at  least  equal  to  105%  of  the  initial  termination  Value  of  the
applicable equipment; and (c) otherwise in form and substance satisfactory to lessor.

15. not  later  than  thirty  (30)  days  following  the  execution  and  delivery  of  the  first  lease  to  be entered into

hereunder, the following documents in form and substance satisfactory to lessor:

(i)

(ii)

the Master Sublease agreement between lessee, as sublessor, and hd uSa, as sublessee (as the same
may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Master Sublease”);

the Payment Guaranty executed by the hd Parent in favor of lessee and its successors and assigns
(as  the  same  may  be  amended,  supplemented  or  otherwise  modified  from  time  to  time,  the  “hd
Parent Guaranty”), pursuant to which the hd Parent guarantees the obligations of hd uSa under the
Master Sublease  and each sublease entered into pursuant to the terms of the Master Sublease (each
such sublease, a “Sublease”);

(iii) the  assignment  agreement  executed  by  lessee  in  favor  of  lessor  (as  the  same  may  be  amended,
supplemented  or  otherwise  modified  from  time  to  time,  the  “assignment  agreement”), pursuant to
which, among other things, lessee collaterally assigns its rights under the Master Sublease  and each
Sublease to lessor;

(iv) in  connection  with  the  assignment  agreement,  a  uCC-1  financing  statement,  naming  lessee  as
debtor and lessor or its successors and assigns as secured party, properly filed, registered or recorded
with the Secretary of State of delaware;

(v)

the  Consent  and  agreement  executed  by  hd  uSa  for  the  benefit  of  lessor  with  respect to  the
assignment agreement (the “Consent”);

(vi) a certificate  of an officer  of the hd Parent  certifying  to the incumbency  of the signature of the hd

Parent representative who executed the hd Parent Guaranty; and

9

(vii) a certificate of an officer of hd uSa certifying to the incumbency of the signature of the hd uSa

representative who executed the Master Sublease.

16. not later than thirty (30) days following the execution and delivery of each lease, the following documents

in form and substance satisfactory to lessor:

(i) a Sublease for the related equipment, substantially in the form of Schedule a to the Master Sublease,

executed by lessee and hd uSa;

(ii) an irrevocable standby letter of credit, issued by the issuing Bank in replacement of the initial letter of
Credit issued on the date of, and in connection with, the corresponding lease (each such replacement
letter of credit, together with each initial letter of Credit being collectively, “letters  of Credit”): (a)
naming lessor as beneficiary; and (b) in an initial face amount at least equal to the difference between
(1) 105% of the termination Value of the applicable equipment and (2) the stipulated loss value of the
applicable equipment as set forth in such Sublease;

(iii)a certificate of an officer of hd uSa certifying to the incumbency of the signature of the hd uSa

representative who executed such Sublease, but only if lessor did not have an incumbency certificate
on file for such hd uSa representative;

(iv)a certificate from the chief financial officer of lessee, dated the date of such Sublease, confirming that
the applicable equipment has been placed in service and commenced operation at the applicable Site;
and

(v) an opinion issued by norton Rose Fulbright uS llP to lessor.

17. if either (a) the date of any lease to be entered into is to occur after august 31, 2020 or (b) the entering into
of any lease would cause the aggregate Purchase Price paid by lessor for equipment leased under leases
to exceed $25,000,000, then (in either case) lessor shall have obtained all required credit approvals to enter
into such lease.

18. Such other documentation as lessor shall reasonably require.

10

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Exhibit 23.1

the Board of directors
Plug Power inc.:

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements (Nos. 333-235328 and 333-189056) on
Form S-3 and (Nos. 333-234784, 333-222260, 333-200912, 333-175907, 333-90277, 333-90275, and 333-72734) on
Form S-8 of Plug Power Inc. (the “Company”), of our reports dated May 13, 2021 with respect to the consolidated
financial statements of the Company, which comprise the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 and
December 31, 2019, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity
(deficit) and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2020, and the related
notes (collectively, the “consolidated financial statements”) and the effectiveness of internal control over financial
reporting included herein.

Our report dated May 13, 2021, on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2020, expresses our opinion that the Company did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2020 because of the effect of the material weakness on the achievement of the objectives of the
control criteria and contains an explanatory paragraph that states the following material weakness has been identified
and included in management’s assessment:

The  Company  did  not  maintain  a  sufficient  complement  of  trained,  knowledgeable  resources  to  execute  their
responsibilities with respect to internal control over financial reporting for certain financial statement accounts and
disclosures.  As  a  consequence,  the  Company  did  not  conduct  an  effective  risk  assessment  process  that  was
responsive  to  changes  in  the  Company's  operating  environment  and  did  not  design  and  implement  effective
process-level controls activities in the following areas:

●
●
●

●

presentation of operating expenses
accounting for lease-related transactions
identification  and  evaluation  of  impairment,  loss-contract  reserve,  certain  expense  accruals,  and  deemed
dividends; and
timely identification of adjustments to physical inventory in interim periods.  

The material weakness was considered in determining the nature, timing, and extent of audit tests applied in our audit
of  the  2020  consolidated  financial  statements,  and  this  report  does  not  affect  our  report  on  those  consolidated
financial statements.

Our report dated May 13 2021, on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2020, contains an explanatory paragraph that states that the Company acquired Giner ELX, Inc. and United Hydrogen
Group Inc. (the Acquired Companies) during 2020, and management excluded from its assessment of the
effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, the Acquired
Companies’ internal control over financial reporting associated with total assets of $58.0 million, excluding goodwill
and intangible assets of $94.9 million, and total revenues of $7.8 million included in the consolidated financial
statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020. Our audit of internal control over
financial reporting of the Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of the
Acquired Companies.

/s/ KPMG llP

albany, new York 
May 13, 2021

Exhibit 31.1

i, andrew Marsh, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

i have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Plug Power inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the
periods presented in this report;

the registrant’s other certifying officer and i are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in exchange act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as
defined in exchange act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in
which this report is being prepared;

designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting
to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial
reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles;

evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred
during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control
over financial reporting; and

5.

the registrant’s other certifying officer and i have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize
and report financial information; and

any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role
in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

date: May 13, 2021

by:

/s/ andRew MaRSh
andrew Marsh
Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit 31.2

i, Paul B. Middleton certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

i have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Plug Power inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the
periods presented in this report;

the registrant’s other certifying officer and i are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and
procedures (as defined in exchange act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as
defined in exchange act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in
which this report is being prepared;

designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting
to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial
reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles;

evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred
during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control
over financial reporting; and

5.

the registrant’s other certifying officer and i have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial
reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize
and report financial information; and

any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role
in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

date: May 13, 2021

by:

/s/ Paul B. Middleton
Paul B. Middleton
Chief Financial Officer

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 32.1

in connection with the annual Report of Plug Power inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended

december 31, 2020 as filed with the Securities and exchange Commission (the “SeC”) on the date hereof (the “Report”), i,
andrew Marsh, Chief executive officer of the Company, certify, solely pursuant to 18 u.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to
§ 906 of the Sarbanes-oxley act of 2002 (“§ 906”), that to my knowledge:

(1)

(2)

the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities
exchange act of 1934, as amended; and

the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and
results of operations of the Company.

this certification is being furnished and not filed, and shall not be incorporated into any documents for any other
purpose, under the Securities exchange act of 1934, as amended, or the Securities act of 1933, as amended. a signed original of
this written statement required by § 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to
the SeC or its staff upon request.

/s/ andRew MaRSh
andrew Marsh
Chief Executive Officer
May 13, 2021

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 32.2

in connection with the annual Report of Plug Power inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended
december 31, 2020 as filed with the Securities and exchange Commission (the “SeC”) on the date hereof (the “Report”), i, Paul
B. Middleton, Chief Financial officer of the Company, certify, solely pursuant to 18 u.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906
of the Sarbanes-oxley act of 2002 (“§ 906”), that to my knowledge:

(1)

(2)

the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities
exchange act of 1934, as amended; and

the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and
results of operations of the Company.

this certification is being furnished and not filed, and shall not be incorporated into any documents for any other
purpose, under the Securities exchange act of 1934, as amended, or the Securities act of 1933, as amended. a signed original of
this written statement required by § 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to
the SeC or its staff upon request.

/s/ Paul B. Middleton
Paul B. Middleton
Chief Financial Officer
May 13, 2021