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Power Integrations

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FY2023 Annual Report · Power Integrations
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2023 Annual Report

Dear Fellow Stockholders, 

In my letter last year, I addressed the cyclical downturn that began in mid-2022 and led to a seven-percent decline in our 
revenues in that year after growth of more than 40 percent in 2021. The downturn deepened in 2023, causing our revenues 
to fall by more than 30 percent—the first time in our history that revenues have declined in back-to-back years. In more 
than forty-five years in the semiconductor industry I have learned that all cycles are different, and this one is certainly 
unlike any other. As you may remember, the coronavirus pandemic resulted in an unprecedented surge in demand for 
electronic  goods—computer  and  networking  equipment  for  remote  work  and  school,  TVs,  appliances,  etc.,  leading  to 
much-publicized shortages of semiconductor products. This in turn led to over-ordering at every link in the supply chain, 
and once supply caught up with demand and those orders were filled, the supply chain was suddenly awash in inventory.  

Layered on top of this inventory overshoot has been a macroeconomic slowdown dampening demand and hindering the 
depletion of inventories. Economic challenges in China have severely impacted domestic demand in that country, while 
inflation and higher interest rates have negatively affected consumer spending and home sales in markets around the world. 
Moreover, after having purchased new appliances, computers and other products during the pandemic, consumers of late 
have prioritized spending on travel, dining and entertainment rather than physical goods.  

While macroeconomic challenges remain a concern, inventories throughout the supply chain have fallen significantly in 
recent months, and we expect a gradual recovery beginning in the first half of 2024. Most importantly, we remain as excited 
as ever about our long-term growth opportunities. We have managed through this downturn according to the playbook that 
has served us well in the past, looking beyond the cycle and remaining focused on the long run. That includes building 
wafer inventory to protect our dedicated foundry capacity and to be prepared in the event of a strong upturn, buying back 
shares of our stock at opportune moments, and carefully managing expenses while investing in technologies and products 
to drive revenue growth and expand our served available market (“SAM”) over the next several years.   

One such growth driver is our high-power gate-driver business, which had a second consecutive year of growth in 2023 
even as revenues from the broader industrial category were down almost 40 percent. Renewable energy is an important 
piece of our high-power business, and we had significant wins last year not only in the utility-scale solar and wind markets 
but also in the adjacent high-voltage DC transmission market. In July we announced that our gate drivers will be used in 
an undersea link connecting a North Sea wind farm to the mainland, and later in the year we received an initial multi-
million-dollar purchase order for that design as the project prepares to ramp up in 2024.  

Another bright spot in 2023 was India, where revenues increased year-over-year and where we are deploying more sales 
and application-engineering resources. Growth in India is not just a result of manufacturing moving out of China, but also 
a rising level of in-country design and production for the domestic market, which features a rapidly expanding middle class 
and  modernizing  infrastructure.  We  are  participating  in  a  number  of  ways,  with  significant  design  wins  in  5G  fixed 
wireless, smart utility meters, and appliances including ceiling fans, which are converting to brushless DC motors utilizing 
our BridgeSwitch™ motor-drive ICs. We also have a strong pipeline of design opportunities in electric transportation, in 
everything from two-wheelers to buses and locomotives. 

Electrification of transportation is among the most important opportunities we are addressing, and we made tremendous 
progress in 2023, racking up wins and expanding our design pipeline in high-voltage EV applications such as drivetrain 
emergency  power,  12-volt  battery  replacement  and  micro-DC-DC  converters.  Our  automotive-qualified  products  are 
extremely well suited for these applications, which not only require high efficiency but also benefit from the reliability and 
space savings of our low-component-count designs. Our pipeline of EV design opportunities expanded significantly in 
2023, and as of year-end eight car brands were shipping vehicles using our ICs. We expect many more designs to start 
production in 2024. 

Another 2023 success story was our proprietary gallium-nitride technology, known as PowiGaN™. We are full-speed-
ahead on GaN development, more confident than ever that GaN will not only overtake silicon as the technology of choice 
for most high-voltage applications but will also be a greener, more cost-effective alternative to the other major “wide-
bandgap” semiconductor technology—silicon carbide, or SiC—over the long term. GaN has significant cost advantages 
over SiC in the voltage and power ranges that it can address, and we expect the overlap between the two technologies to 
increase over time as we further develop PowiGaN technology and introduce more products incorporating GaN switches. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Most GaN suppliers rely on the technology of one particular foundry, leaving little room for differentiation and affording 
them no control over the technology roadmap. In contrast, our GaN is proprietary, which means that we not only control 
the roadmap, but also that we can tailor our GaN switches for optimal system performance in each application. Our GaN 
technology is also unique, with characteristics that make it better suited for higher voltages than other technologies in the 
market today. 

Last  March  we  introduced  a new  version  of  our  InnoSwitch™  products  featuring  a 900-volt  PowiGaN  switch,  and  in 
November we took the next step on the roadmap with the introduction of 1250-volt technology. Higher-voltage InnoSwitch 
ICs are ideal for many industrial applications and for geographies with unstable mains voltages, as well as power supplies 
in 400-volt EVs. These higher-voltage GaN technologies will also enable us to expand our SAM with new products that 
address  applications  up  to  about  10  kilowatts,  such  as  power  supplies  for  servers  (including  AI  servers), 
telecommunications equipment, EV on-board chargers and a range of industrial applications.  

Some  of  these  applications  are  served  today  by  silicon  carbide  because  there  is  no  viable  alternative  that  delivers  the 
necessary level of efficiency. However, GaN is fundamentally more cost-effective than SiC because it uses lower-cost raw 
materials  and  requires  a  tiny  fraction  of  the  energy  needed  to  produce  SiC,  which  is  processed  at  extremely  high 
temperatures. That also makes GaN a more sustainable technology than SiC, which squanders a portion of its efficiency 
benefits in its own manufacture.   

Our GaN roadmap does not end at 1250 volts. We expect to introduce even higher-voltage GaN in the near future, and our 
longer-term vision includes the potential to drive the power capabilities of GaN beyond 10 kilowatts, making it a viable 
replacement for SiC in an even wider range of applications.  

GaN also features prominently in the roadmap for BridgeSwitch™ motor-drive products—another key pillar of our growth 
strategy. Current BridgeSwitch products, covering applications up to about 400 watts, are gaining adoption at customers 
in major appliances as well as air conditioners and ceiling fans. Future BridgeSwitch products, including some with GaN 
transistors, will address higher power levels, more than doubling the current SAM for motor-drive products. 

In  addition  to  exceptional  efficiency  in  active  mode,  BridgeSwitch  offers  very  low  standby  consumption,  which  is 
attracting strong interest from appliance customers in light of upcoming changes in the European EcoDesign efficiency 
standards. The allowable standby consumption for a wide range of electronic products will be reduced beginning in 2025, 
and we expect the new standards to be especially impactful in the appliance market. The low standby performance of 
BridgeSwitch  perfectly  complements  our  EcoSmart™  technology,  which has  helped  us win  a  healthy  market  share  in 
appliance  auxiliary  power  supplies.  In  September  we  introduced  our  latest  EcoSmart  product,  LinkSwitch™-XT2SR, 
which offers no-load consumption of less than five milliwatts. In all, we estimate that EcoSmart technology saved nearly 
15 terawatt-hours of electricity in 2023—an amount roughly equivalent to the annual consumption of two million homes.  

Thank you for your continued support of our company—I look forward to reporting on our progress in the year ahead. 

Sincerely, 

Balu Balakrishnan 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
March 2024 

The statements in this Annual Report relating to future events or results are forward-looking statements that involve many risks and uncertainties. Such 
statements may be indicated by the use of words such as “will,” “expect,” “estimate,” “plan,” “believe,” “look forward,” “anticipate,” “future,” and 
similar  words  and  phrases,  or  variations  of  these  terms.  Our  actual  results  could  differ  materially  from  those  contained  in  these  forward-looking 
statements due to a number of factors, including: changes in global macroeconomic and geopolitical conditions; changes and shifts in customer demand 
away from end products that utilize our products; the timing and success of our product development and commercialization; the effects of trade tensions 
and competition; the outcome and cost of patent litigation; unforeseen costs and expenses; and unfavorable fluctuations in component costs resulting 
from changes in commodity prices and/or the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Japanese yen. In addition, new product introductions and 
design wins are subject to the risks and uncertainties that typically accompany development and delivery of complex technologies to the marketplace, 
including product development delays and defects and market acceptance of the new products. These and other risk factors that may cause actual results 
to differ are discussed in Part I, Item 1A — “Risk Factors” included in the Form 10-K which is part of this Annual Report. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C. 20549 
FORM 10-K 

(Mark One) 

☒ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 

or 

☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934
For the transition period from   

  to   

Commission File Number 000-23441 
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC. 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Delaware 
(State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation or organization)

94-3065014 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 

5245 Hellyer Avenue 
San Jose, California 
(Address of principal executive offices) 

95138-1002 
(Zip code) 

(408) 414-9200 
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of Each Class 

Common Stock 

Trading Symbol(s) 

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered 

POWI 

The Nasdaq Global Select Market 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes      No ☐ 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ☐    No  

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 
12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (232.405 
of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes      No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an 
emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth 
company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act: 

Large Accelerated Filer 

Non-accelerated Filer  

☒

☐ 

Accelerated Filer   ☐

Smaller Reporting Company   ☐

Emerging Growth Company   ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial 
accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial 
reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.   

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the 
correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the 
registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐No  

The aggregate market value of registrant’s voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates of registrant on June 30, 2023, the last business 
day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was approximately $4.1 billion, based upon the closing sale price of the common 
stock as reported on The Nasdaq Global Select Market. Shares of common stock held by each officer and director have been excluded in that such 
persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not a conclusive determination for other purposes. 

As of February 5, 2024, 56,886 thousand shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.001 par value, were issued and outstanding. 

The  information  required  by  Part III  of  this  report,  to  the  extent  not  set  forth  herein,  is  incorporated  by  reference  from  the  Registrant’s 
definitive proxy statement relating to the 2024 annual meeting of stockholders, which definitive proxy statement will be filed with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission within 120 days after the fiscal year to which this Report relates. 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 

 
 
 
 
 
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PART I. 

ITEM 1.  BUSINESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 1B.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 1C.  CYBERSECURITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 2.  PROPERTIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 3.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 4.  MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

PART II. 

ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 
AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
[RESERVED] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

ITEM 6. 
ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 9.  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND 

FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 9A.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 9C.  DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS  . . .  

ITEM 10.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 11.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 12.  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 

PART III. 

Page

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14
21
21
23
23
23

24
25

26
33
35

64
64
66
66

67
67

RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

67

ITEM 13.  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR 

INDEPENDENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 14.  PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

PART IV. 

ITEM 15.  EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
ITEM 16.  FORM 10-K SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
SIGNATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

67
67

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75
76

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes a number of forward-looking statements that involve many risks and 
uncertainties.  Forward-looking  statements  are  identified  by  the  use  of  the  words  “would,”  “could,”  “will,”  “may,” 
“expect,” “believe,” “should,” “anticipate,” “if,” “future,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “potential,” “target,” “seek” or 
“continue” and similar words and phrases, including the negatives of these terms, or other variations of these terms, that 
denote future events. These statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and our potential financial 
performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results and financial position to differ 
materially  and/or  adversely  from  what  is  projected  or  implied  in  any  forward-looking  statements  included  in  this 
Form 10-K. These factors include, but are not limited to: if demand for our products continues to decline in our major end 
markets, our net revenues will decline further; we do not have long-term contracts with any of our customers and if they 
fail to place, or if they cancel or reschedule orders for our products, our operating results and our business may suffer; our 
products are sold through distributors, which limits our direct interaction with our end customers, therefore reducing our 
ability to forecast sales and increasing the complexity of our business; if our products do not penetrate additional markets, 
our business will not grow as we expect; intense competition in the high-voltage power supply industry may lead to a 
decrease in our average selling price and reduced sales volume of our products; we depend on third-party suppliers to 
provide us with wafers for our products, and if they fail to provide us sufficient quantities of wafers, our business may 
suffer; if we are unable to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, we could lose market share, incur 
costly litigation expenses, suffer incremental price erosion or lose valuable assets, any of which could harm our operations 
and  negatively  impact  our  profitability;  and  the  other  risk  factors  described  in  Part  I,  Item 1A,  “Risk  Factors”  of  this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K. We make these forward-looking statements based upon information available on the date 
of this Form 10-K, and expressly disclaim any obligation to update or alter any forward-looking statements, whether as a 
result of new information or otherwise, except as required by laws. In evaluating these statements, you should specifically 
consider the risks described under Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant 
subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, 
and while we believe such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or 
incomplete, and our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review 
of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and investors are cautioned not 
to unduly rely upon these statements. 

3 

 
 
Item 1. Business. 

Overview 

PART I 

We  design,  develop  and  market  analog  and  mixed-signal  integrated  circuits  (“ICs”)  and  other  electronic 
components and circuitry used in high-voltage power conversion. Our products are used in power converters that convert 
electricity from a high-voltage source to the type of power required for a specified downstream use. In most cases, this 
conversion entails, among other functions, converting alternating current (“AC”) to direct current (“DC”) or vice versa, 
reducing  or  increasing  the  voltage,  and  regulating  the  output  voltage  and/or  current  according  to  the  customer’s 
specifications. 

A large percentage of our products are ICs used in AC-DC power supplies, which convert the high-voltage AC 
from a wall outlet to the low-voltage DC required by most electronic devices. Power supplies incorporating our products 
are  used  with  all  manner  of  electronic  products  including  mobile  phones,  computing  and  networking  equipment, 
appliances, electronic utility meters, battery-powered tools, industrial controls, and “home-automation,” or “internet of 
things” applications such as networked thermostats, power strips and security devices. Variations of our power-supply ICs 
are used for high-voltage power conversion in electric vehicles (“EVs”). We also supply high-voltage LED drivers, which 
are AC-DC ICs specifically designed for lighting applications that utilize light-emitting diodes, and motor-driver ICs for 
brushless DC (“BLDC”) motors used in consumer appliances, HVAC systems, ceiling fans and a variety of industrial 
applications. 

We  also  offer  high-voltage  gate  drivers—either  standalone  ICs  or  circuit  boards  containing  ICs,  electrical 
isolation components and other circuitry—used to operate high-voltage switches such as insulated-gate bipolar transistors 
(“IGBTs”)  and  silicon-carbide  (“SiC”)  MOSFETs.  These  combinations  of  switches  and  drivers  are  used  for  power 
conversion in high-power applications (i.e., power levels ranging from approximately 100 kilowatts up to gigawatts) such 
as industrial motors, solar- and wind-power systems, EVs and high-voltage DC transmission systems. 

Our power-conversion products are distinguished by their “system-level” nature; that is, they incorporate into a 
single product numerous elements of a power-conversion system including a high-voltage transistor, drivers, advanced 
control circuitry and, in some cases, a communication link connecting the primary (i.e., input) and secondary (i.e., output) 
sides of the power converter while maintaining safety isolation to protect the end user from exposure to high voltage. 
Alternatively, a power converter can be designed and assembled using discrete components purchased from a variety of 
suppliers. 

Our  system-level  products  offer  a  number  of  important  benefits  compared  with  discrete  designs,  including: 
reduced design complexity; smaller size; lower component count, which in turn results in higher reliability and easier 
sourcing  of  components;  reduced  time-to-market;  and  more  efficient  use  of  engineering  resources.  Our  products  also 
reduce the energy consumption of power converters during normal use and in “standby” operation, when the end product 
is  not  in  use.  In  addition  to  the  environmental  and  economic  benefits  of  reduced  energy  usage,  our  energy-saving 
technologies provide a number of benefits to our customers; these include helping them meet the increasingly stringent 
efficiency standards now in effect for many electronic products, and enabling the elimination of bulky, costly heatsinks 
used to dissipate the heat produced by wasted electricity. By reducing component count, circuit-board size and the need 
for heatsinks, our products also contribute to a reduction in materials usage and electronic waste. 

While the size of our addressable market fluctuates with changes in macroeconomic and industry conditions, the 
market has generally exhibited a modest growth rate over time as growth in the unit volume of power converters has been 
offset to a large degree by reductions in the average selling price of components in this market. Therefore, the growth of 
our business depends largely on increasing our penetration of the markets that we serve and on further expanding our 
addressable market. Our growth strategy includes the following elements: 

• 

Increase our penetration of the markets we serve. We currently address AC-DC applications with power 
outputs up to approximately 500 watts, gate-driver applications ranging approximately 100 kilowatts up 
to gigawatts, and motor-drive applications up to approximately 400 watts. Through our research and 
development efforts, we seek to introduce more advanced products for these markets offering higher 
levels of integration and performance compared to earlier products. We also continue to expand our sales 
and application-engineering staff and our network of distributors, as well as our offerings of technical 
documentation and design-support tools and services to help customers use our products. These tools 
and  services  include  our  PI  Expert™  design  software,  which  we  offer  free  of  charge,  and  our 
transformer-sample service. In 2022 we launched PowerPros℠, a live online video support service that 

4 

• 

• 

enables power-supply designers to talk directly with members of our applications engineering team 24 
hours a day, six days a week, anywhere in the world. 

Capitalize  on  efforts  to  reduce  carbon  emissions  by  providing  products  that  contribute  to  improved 
energy  efficiency  and  increased  use  of  renewable  energy.    In  its  2019  World  Energy  Outlook,  the 
International  Energy  Agency  estimated  that  more  than  two-thirds  of  the  reduction  in  carbon-dioxide 
(“CO2”) emissions needed to achieve the “Sustainable Development Scenario” of the United Nations 
Sustainable  Development  Agenda  is  to  come  from  improved  energy  efficiency  and  increased  use  of 
renewable energy. Energy savings enabled by our products help our customers comply with regulations 
that  seek  to  curb  energy  consumption  in  support  of  reducing  CO2  emissions.  For  example:  our 
EcoSmart™ technology drastically reduces the amount of energy consumed by electronic products when 
they are plugged in but not in use; our PowiGaN™ gallium-nitride (“GaN”) transistors reduce energy 
consumption compared to silicon transistors; and our BridgeSwitch™ motor-driver ICs provide highly 
efficient power conversion for BLDC motors in appliances and industrial applications. Also, our gate-
driver  products  are  critical  components  in  energy-efficient  DC  motor  drives,  solar-  and  wind-power 
systems,  efficient  high-voltage  DC  transmission  systems  (including  transmission  of  energy  from 
renewable energy installations to the power grid), and low-emissions transportation applications such as 
electric locomotives. 

Increase the size of our addressable market. Prior to 2010 our addressable market consisted of AC-DC 
applications  with  up  to  about  50 watts  of  output,  a  served  available  market  (“SAM”) opportunity of 
approximately $1.5 billion. Since then we have expanded our SAM to approximately $4 billion through 
a variety of means. These include the introduction of products that enable us to address higher-power 
AC-DC applications (such as our Hiper™ product families), the introduction of LED-driver products, 
and our entry into the gate-driver market through the acquisition of CT-Concept Technologie AG in 
2012. In 2016 we introduced the SCALE-iDriverTM family of ICs, broadening the range of gate-driver 
applications we can address, and in 2018 we introduced our BridgeSwitch™ motor-driver ICs for BLDC 
motors. We have recently introduced a series of automotive-qualified versions of our products, including 
SCALE-iDriver, InnoSwitch™ and LinkSwitch™ ICs, targeting the EV market; we expect to introduce 
additional  products  targeting  EVs  in  the  future,  and  expect  automotive  applications  to  become  a 
significant portion of our SAM over time. 

Also contributing to our SAM expansion has been the emergence of new applications within the power 
ranges that our products can address. For example, applications such as “smart” utility meters, battery-
powered lawn equipment and bicycles, and USB power receptacles (often installed alongside traditional 
AC wall outlets) can incorporate our products. The increased use of connectivity, LED lighting and other 
power-consuming electronic features in consumer appliances has also enhanced our SAM. 

Finally, we have expanded our SAM through the development of new technologies that increase the 
value (and therefore the average selling prices) of our products. For example, our InnoSwitch™ ICs 
integrate circuitry from the secondary, or low-voltage, side of AC-DC power supplies, whereas earlier 
product  families  integrated  circuitry  only  on  the  primary,  or  high-voltage  side.  In  2019  we  began 
incorporating our proprietary GaN transistors in some our products, enabling a higher level of energy 
efficiency than ICs with silicon transistors. Since then, we have introduced a variety of new products 
utilizing  GaN  technology,  as  well  as  new  generations  of  our  GaN  technology  capable  of  supporting 
higher voltages (as high as 1250 volts). We are currently developing new products incorporating these 
technologies, which we believe will enable us to address higher-power applications than we address with 
our current range of products and therefore further expand our SAM. 

We intend to continue expanding our SAM in the years ahead through all of the means described above. 

Industry Background 

Virtually every electronic device that plugs into a wall socket requires a power supply to convert the high-voltage 
alternating current provided by electric utilities into the low-voltage direct current required by most electronic devices. A 
power supply may be located inside a device, such as a consumer appliance or flat-panel TV, or it may be outside the 
device as in the case of a mobile-phone charger or an adapter for a cordless phone or cable modem. 

Until  approximately  1970,  AC-DC  power  supplies  were  generally  in  the  form  of  line-frequency,  or  linear, 
transformers. These devices, consisting primarily of copper wire wound around an iron core, tend to be bulky and heavy, 
and  typically  waste  a  substantial  amount  of  electricity.  In  the  1970s,  the  availability  of  high-voltage  discrete 

5 

semiconductors enabled the development of a new generation of power supplies known as switched-mode power supplies, 
or  switchers.  These  switchers  generally  came  to  be  cost-effective  alternatives  to  linear  transformers  in  applications 
requiring more than a few watts of power; in recent years the use of linear transformers has declined even further as a 
result of energy-efficiency standards and higher raw-material prices. 

Switchers  are  generally  smaller,  lighter-weight  and  more  energy-efficient  than  linear  transformers.  However, 
switchers designed with discrete components are highly complex, containing numerous components and requiring a high 
level  of  analog  design  expertise.  Further,  the  complexity  and  high  component  count  of  discrete  switchers  make  them 
relatively costly, difficult to manufacture and prone to failures. Also, some discrete switchers lack protection and energy-
efficiency features; adding these features may further increase the component count, cost and complexity of the power 
supply. 

In high-power systems such as industrial motor drives, electric locomotives and renewable-energy systems, power 
conversion is typically performed using arrays of high-power silicon transistors known as IGBT modules; these modules 
are operated by electronic circuitry known as gate drivers (or IGBT drivers), whose function is to ensure accurate, safe 
and reliable operation of the IGBT modules. Like discrete power supplies, discrete gate drivers tend to be highly complex, 
requiring a large number of components and a great deal of design expertise. 

Our Highly Integrated Approach 

In 1994 we introduced TOPSwitch, the industry’s first cost-effective high-voltage IC for switched-mode AC-DC 
power  supplies.  We  have  since  introduced  a  range  of  other  product  families,  expanding  the  range  of  power-supply 
applications we can serve and enhancing our competitiveness in applications we already addressed. In 2012 we expanded 
our addressable market to include high-voltage gate drivers, and in 2018 we introduced our BridgeSwitch motor-driver 
ICs for BLDC motors. 

Our products drastically reduce the complexity and component count of power converters compared to typical 
discrete designs by integrating many of the functions otherwise performed by numerous discrete electronic components, 
and by eliminating (or reducing the size and cost of) additional components through innovative system design. As a result, 
our products enable power converters to have superior features and functionality at a total cost equal to or lower than that 
of many competing alternatives. Our products offer the following key benefits: 

• 

Fewer Components, Reduced Size and Higher Reliability 

Our highly integrated ICs and gate drivers enable designs with up to 70% fewer components than comparable 
discrete designs. This reduction in component count enhances reliability and efficiency, reduces size, and results in lower 
manufacturing costs for our customers. Power supplies that incorporate our ICs are also lighter and more portable than 
comparable power supplies built with linear transformers, which are still used in some low-power applications. 

• 

Reduced Time-to-Market, Enhanced Manufacturability 

Because our products eliminate much of the complexity associated with the design of power converters, designs 
can typically be completed in much less time, resulting in more efficient use of our customers’ design resources and shorter 
time-to-market for new designs. The lower component count and reduced complexity enabled by our products also makes 
designs  more  suitable  for  high-volume  manufacturing.  We  also  provide  extensive  hands-on  design  support  as  well  as 
online design tools, such as our PI Expert design software, that further reduce time-to-market and product development 
risks. 

• 

Energy Efficiency 

Our EcoSmart technology improves the energy efficiency of electronic devices during normal operation as well 
as standby and “no-load” conditions. This technology enables manufacturers to cost-effectively meet the growing demand 
for energy-efficient products, and to comply with increasingly stringent energy-efficiency requirements. Our proprietary 
GaN transistor technology, introduced in 2019, offers substantially higher levels of active-mode efficiency compared to 
traditional  silicon  switches,  while  our  BridgeSwitch  motor-driver  ICs  enable  efficiency  of  up  to  98.5%,  not  only 
minimizing waste but also eliminating the need for heatsinks in many applications, which in turn reduces cost and weight. 

• 

Wide Power Range and Scalability 

Products in our current IC families can address AC-DC power supplies with output power up to approximately 
500 watts as well as some high-voltage DC-DC applications; our high-voltage gate drivers are used in applications with 
power  levels  ranging  from  approximately  100  kilowatts  to  gigawatts,  while  our  motor-driver  ICs  address  BLDC 

6 

applications up to about 400 watts. Within each of our product families, designers can scale up or down in power to address 
a wide range of designs with minimal design effort. 

Energy Efficiency 

Power supplies often draw significantly more electricity than the amount needed by the devices they power. As 
a  result,  billions  of  dollars’  worth  of  electricity  is  wasted  each year,  and  millions  of  tons  of  greenhouse  gases  are 
unnecessarily produced by power plants. Energy waste occurs during the normal operation of a device and in standby 
mode, when the device is plugged in but idle. For example: computers and printers waste energy while in “sleep” mode; 
TVs that are turned off by remote control consume energy while awaiting a remote-control signal to turn them back on; a 
mobile-phone charger left plugged into a wall outlet continues to draw electricity even when not connected to the phone 
(a condition known as “no-load”); and many common household appliances, such as microwave ovens, dishwashers and 
washing machines, also consume power when not in use. In fact, a 2015 study by the National Resources Defense Council 
found that devices that are “always-on” but inactive may be causing as much as $19 billion in annual energy waste in the 
United States alone. 

In response to concerns about the environmental impact of carbon emissions, policymakers have taken action to 
promote  energy  efficiency.  For  example,  the  ENERGY  STAR®  program  and  the  European  Union  Code  of  Conduct 
encourage  manufacturers  of  electronic  devices  to  comply  with  voluntary  energy-efficiency  specifications.  In  2007  the 
California Energy Commission (“CEC”) implemented mandatory efficiency standards for external power supplies. The 
CEC standards were implemented nationwide in the United States in July 2008 as a result of the Energy Independence and 
Security  Act  of  2007  (“EISA”);  these  federal  standards  were  tightened  in  2016.  Similar  standards  for  external  power 
supplies took effect in the European Union in 2010 as part of the EU’s EcoDesign Directive for Energy-Related Products. 

In 2010, the EU EcoDesign Directive implemented standards limiting standby power consumption on a wide 
range of electronic products. The limit was reduced by 50 percent beginning in 2013, with many products now limited to 
500 milliwatts of standby usage; the EU standards are scheduled to tighten further beginning in 2025. The EISA legislation 
also required substantial improvements in the efficiency of lighting technologies, effectively resulting in the phase-out of 
most incandescent light sources and increased adoption of LED-lighting technology. In December 2019 the government 
of China published new efficiency standards for room air conditioners, which took effect in July 2020. In 2022 India’s 
Bureau of Energy Efficiency implemented new labeling standards for ceiling fans in an effort to drive adoption of BLDC 
motors in place of less efficient induction motors. 

We believe we offer products that enable manufacturers to meet or exceed these regulations, and all other such 
regulations of which we are aware. Since 1998, our AC-DC power-conversion ICs have featured our EcoSmart technology 
which drastically reduces standby power waste. We have sold more than 20 billion ICs featuring EcoSmart technology, 
resulting in estimated savings of more than 175 terawatt-hours of standby power worldwide. In 2010 we expanded our 
portfolio  of  energy-saving  products  with  the  introduction  of  our  CapZero  and  SenZero  IC  families,  which  eliminate 
additional sources of standby waste in some power supplies. We also offer a range of products designed specifically for 
LED-lighting  applications.  Our  GaN  technology,  introduced  in  2019,  also  dramatically  improves  the  active-mode 
efficiency of power-supplies. 

Products 

Below is a brief description of our products: 
• 

AC-DC power conversion products 

TOPSwitch,  our  first  commercially  successful  product  family,  was  introduced  in  1994.  Since  then  we  have 
introduced a wide range of products (such as our TinySwitch, LinkSwitch and Hiper families) to increase the level of 
integration and improve upon the functionality of the original TOPSwitch, and to broaden the range of power levels we 
can  address.  In  2010  we  introduced  our  CapZero  and  SenZero  families,  which  reduce  standby  power  consumption  in 
certain applications by eliminating waste caused by so-called bleed resistors and sense resistors. We have also introduced 
products  designed  specifically  for  LED-lighting  applications,  known  as  LYTSwitch  ICs,  as  well  as  a  range  of  high-
performance, high-voltage diodes known as Qspeed diodes. 

In 2014 we introduced our InnoSwitch product family, the first power-supply ICs to combine primary, secondary 
and feedback circuits into a single package. These ICs employ a proprietary technology known as FluxLink to enable 
precise  control  without  the  need  for optical  components, which tend  to add  cost  and diminish  the  reliability  of power 
supplies. In 2019 we began offering InnoSwitch ICs with more-efficient GaN transistors rather than silicon transistors. In 
2020 we introduced GaN-based MinE-CAP ICs, which enable the use of smaller input capacitors as a way to further reduce 
the size of a power supply. Our ClampZero ICs, introduced in 2021 alongside the GaN-based InnoSwitch4-CZ family of 

7 

ICs,  further  enhance  efficiency  by  recovering  power  losses  associated  with  the  high  switching  frequency  of  GaN 
transistors. In 2023 we announced new versions of our InnoSwitch products incorporating GaN transistors with higher 
voltage ratings of 900 volts and 1250 volts; earlier GaN products feature transistors rated at 750 volts.  

This portfolio of power-conversion products generally addresses power supplies ranging from less than one watt 
of output up to approximately 500 watts of output, a market we refer to as the “low-power” market. This market consists 
of an extremely broad range of applications including mobile-device chargers, consumer appliances, utility meters, LCD 
monitors, main and standby power supplies for desktop computers, servers and TVs, and numerous other consumer and 
industrial applications, as well as LED lighting. We also now offer automotive-qualified versions of certain products, such 
as InnoSwitch ICs, for use in electric vehicles.  

• 

High-voltage gate drivers 

We offer a range of high-voltage gate-driver products sold primarily under the SCALE and SCALE-2 product-
family  names.  These  products  are  fully  assembled  circuit  boards  incorporating  multiple  ICs,  electrical  isolation 
components and other circuitry. We offer both ready-to-operate “plug-and-play” drivers designed specifically for use with 
particular  IGBT  modules,  as  well  as  “driver  cores,” which  provide  more  basic  driver functionality  that  customers can 
customize to their own specifications after purchase. In 2016 we introduced the SCALE-iDriver family of standalone ICs, 
which enables us to address applications ranging from a few kilowatts up to about 100 kilowatts, whereas previously our 
sales of high-power products were primarily for applications above 100 kilowatts. In 2020 we introduced an automotive-
qualified version of SCALE-iDriver suitable for use in powertrain and charging applications for electric vehicles. 

• 

Motor-driver products 

The  BridgeSwitch  family  of  products,  introduced  in  2018,  is  a  family  of  motor-driver  ICs  addressing  BLDC 
motor applications up to approximately 400 watts. Such applications include refrigerator compressors, ceiling fans, air 
purifiers as well as pumps, fans and blowers used in consumer appliances such as dishwashers and laundry machines. 
BridgeSwitch products are complemented by our Motor-Expert software, which provides configuration and diagnostic 
tools for design engineers. 

Other Product Information 

TOPSwitch,  TinySwitch,  LinkSwitch,  DPA-Switch,  EcoSmart,  Hiper,  Qspeed,  InnoSwitch,  BridgeSwitch, 
SCALE, SCALE-II, SCALE-III, SCALE-iDriver, PeakSwitch, CAPZero, SENZero, ChiPhy, FluxLink, CONCEPT, PI 
Expert and Motor-Expert are trademarks of Power Integrations, Inc. 

End Markets and Applications 

Our net revenues consist primarily of sales of the products described above. When evaluating our net revenues, 
we categorize our sales into the following four major end-market groupings: communications, computer, consumer, and 
industrial. 

The table below provides the approximate mix of our net sales by end market: 

End Market 
Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consumer  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2023

Year Ended December 31,  
2022 

2021

29 %  
12 %  
27 %  
32 %  

 21 %     
 10 %     
 33 %     
 36 %     

30 %
10 %
32 %
28 %

8 

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
Our products are used in a vast range of power-conversion applications in the above-listed end-market categories. 

The following chart lists the most prominent applications for our products in each category. 

Market Category 
Communications . . . . . .     Mobile-phone  chargers,  adapters  for  routers,  cordless  phones,  broadband  modems,

      Primary Applications

Computer . . . . . . . . . . . .     Desktop  PCs  and  monitors,  servers,  adapters  for  tablets  and  notebook  computers,  other

voice-over-IP phones, other network and telecom gear

Consumer  . . . . . . . . . . .     Major and small appliances, air conditioners and other comfort appliances, TVs and set-top

computer peripherals

Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . .    

boxes, video-game consoles
Industrial  controls,  LED  lighting,  utility  meters,  motor  controls,  uninterruptible  power
supplies, battery-powered tools, networked thermostats, power strips and other “smart home”
devices,  industrial  motor  drives,  renewable  energy  systems,  electric  locomotives,  electric
passenger cars and commercial vehicles, high-voltage DC transmission systems

Sales, Distribution and Marketing 

We sell our products to original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, and merchant power-supply manufacturers 
through our direct sales staff and a worldwide network of independent sales representatives and distributors. We have sales 
offices in the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, India, China, Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Canada, 
Singapore and Taiwan. Direct sales to OEMs and merchant power supply manufacturers represented approximately 31%, 
30% and 25% of our net product revenues in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, while sales to distributors accounted for 
the  remainder  in  each  of  the  corresponding years.  Most  of  our  distributors  are  entitled  to  return  privileges  based  on 
revenues and are protected from price reductions affecting their inventories. Our distributors are not subject to minimum 
purchase requirements, and sales representatives and distributors can discontinue marketing our products at any time. 

Our sales are primarily made pursuant to standard purchase orders. The quantity of products purchased by our 
customers as well as shipment schedules are subject to revisions that reflect changes in both the customers’ requirements 
and in manufacturing availability. Historically, our business has been characterized by short-lead-time orders and quick 
delivery schedules. 

Our top ten customers, including distributors that resell to OEMs and merchant power supply manufacturers, 
accounted for approximately 80%, 76% and 78% of net revenues in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. In 2023, three 
customers  each  accounted  for  more  than  10%  of  revenues,  in  2022  and  2021,  two  customers,  both  distributors,  each 
accounted for more than 10% of revenues. 

Research and Development 

Our research and development efforts are focused on improving our technologies, introducing new products to 
expand  our  addressable  markets,  reducing  the  costs  of  existing  products,  and  improving  the  cost-effectiveness  and 
functionality  of  our  customers’  power  converters.  We  have  assembled  teams  of  highly  skilled  engineers  to  meet  our 
research and development goals. These engineers have expertise in high-voltage device structure and process technology, 
analog and digital IC design, system architecture and packaging. 

Intellectual Property and Other Proprietary Rights 

We use a combination of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets and confidentiality procedures to protect 
our intellectual-property rights. In 2023, we received 17 U.S. and 48 foreign patents. As of December 31, 2023, we held 
300 U.S. and 349 foreign patents. Both U.S. and foreign patents have expiration dates ranging from 2024 to 2044. While 
our patent portfolio as a whole is important to the success of our business, we are not materially dependent upon any single 
patent. We also hold trademarks in the U.S. and various other geographies including Taiwan, Korea, Hong Kong, China, 
United Kingdom, Europe, Japan, India, Brazil, Russia and Switzerland. 

We regard as proprietary some equipment, processes, information and knowledge that we have developed and 
used in the design and manufacture of our products. Our trade secrets include a high-volume production process used in 
the manufacture of our high-voltage ICs. We attempt to protect our trade secrets and other proprietary information through 
non-disclosure  agreements,  proprietary-information  agreements  with  employees  and  consultants,  and  other  security 
measures. 

9 

 
Manufacturing 

We  contract  with  three  foundries  for  the  manufacture  of  the  vast  majority  of  our  silicon  wafers:  (1) Lapis 
Semiconductor Co., Ltd., or Lapis, (formerly OKI Electric Industry), (2) Seiko Epson Corporation, or Epson and (3) X-
FAB Semiconductor Foundries AG, or X-FAB. These contractors manufacture wafers using our proprietary high-voltage 
process technologies at fabrication facilities located in Japan, Germany and the United States. 

Our ICs are assembled, packaged and tested by independent subcontractors in China, Malaysia, Thailand and the 
Philippines; a small percentage of our ICs are tested at our headquarters facility in California. Our gate-driver boards are 
assembled and tested by independent subcontractors in Sri Lanka and Thailand; some of the boards are tested at our facility 
in Switzerland. 

Our fabless manufacturing model enables us to focus on our engineering and design strengths, minimize capital 
expenditures and still have access to high-volume manufacturing capacity. We utilize both proprietary and standard IC 
packages for assembly. Some of the materials used in our packages and certain aspects of the assembly process are specific 
to our products. We require our assembly manufacturers to use high-voltage molding compounds which are more difficult 
to process than industry standard molding compounds. We work closely with our contractors on a continuous basis to 
maintain and improve our manufacturing processes. 

Our  proprietary  high-voltage  processes  do  not  require  leading-edge  geometries,  which  enables  us  to  use  our 
foundries’ older,  lower-cost facilities  for  wafer manufacturing. However,  because of our highly  sensitive  high-voltage 
process, we must interact closely with our foundries to achieve satisfactory yields. Our wafer supply agreements with 
Lapis, Epson and X-FAB expire in April 2028, December 2025 and December 2028, respectively. Under the terms of the 
Lapis and Epson agreements, each supplier has agreed to reserve a specified amount of production capacity and to sell 
wafers to us at fixed prices, which are subject to periodic review jointly by the supplier and us. In addition, Lapis and 
Epson require us to supply them with a rolling six-month forecast on a monthly basis. Our agreements with Lapis and 
Epson each provide for the purchase of wafers in U.S. dollars, with mutual sharing of the impact of the fluctuations in the 
exchange rate between the Japanese yen and the U.S. dollar. Under the terms of the X-FAB agreement, X-FAB has agreed 
to reserve a specified amount of production capacity and to sell wafers to us at fixed prices, which are subject to periodic 
review  jointly  by  X-FAB  and  us.  The  agreement  with  X-FAB  also  requires  us  to  supply  them  with  rolling  six-month 
forecasts on a monthly basis. Our purchases of wafers from X-FAB are denominated in U.S. dollars. 

Although some aspects of our relationships with Lapis, Epson and X-FAB are contractual, some important aspects 
of these relationships are not written in binding contracts and depend on the suppliers’ continued cooperation. We cannot 
assure that we will continue to work successfully with Lapis, Epson or X-FAB in the future, that they will continue to 
provide  us  with  sufficient  capacity  at  their  foundries  to  meet  our  needs,  or  that  any  of  them  will  not  seek  an  early 
termination of their wafer supply agreement with us. Our operating results could suffer in the event of a supply disruption 
with one or more of our foundries if we were unable to quickly qualify alternative manufacturing sources for existing or 
new products or if these sources were unable to produce wafers with acceptable manufacturing yields. 

We typically receive shipments from our foundries approximately four to six weeks after placing orders, and lead 
times  for  new products  can be  substantially  longer.  To provide sufficient  time  for  assembly,  testing  and  finishing, we 
typically need to receive wafers four weeks before the desired ship date to our customers. As a result of these factors and 
the fact that customers’ orders can be placed with little advance notice, we have only a limited ability to react to fluctuations 
in demand for our products. We try to carry a substantial amount of wafer and finished-goods inventory to help offset 
these risks and to better serve our markets and meet customer demand. 

Competition 

Competing alternatives to our high-voltage ICs for the power-supply market include monolithic and hybrid ICs 
from  companies  such  as  STMicroelectronics,  Infineon Technologies  and  Sanken  Electric  Company,  as  well  as  PWM-
controller chips paired with discrete high-voltage silicon or GaN transistors. Such controller chips are produced by a large 
number of vendors, including those listed above as well as others including NXP Semiconductors, Diodes Inc., On-Bright 
Electronics, MediaTek Inc., Renesas Electronics and, in recent years, an increasing number of Chinese suppliers such as 
Southchip Semiconductor, Chipown Microelectronics and Hangzhou Silan Microelectronics Co. Our gate-driver products 
compete with alternatives from such companies as Broadcom, Infineon, Mitsubishi Electric, Fuji Electric, Semikron and 
Hangzhou Firstack Technology Co., as well as driver circuits made up of discrete devices. Our motor-driver ICs compete 
with power modules from such companies as ON Semiconductor, Infineon, STMicroelectronics, Mitsubishi and Sanken 
as  well  as  discrete  designs  from  a  wide  range  of  other  suppliers.  In  general,  we  expect  competition  from  Chinese 
semiconductor vendors to intensify over time reflecting China’s stated aim to develop its domestic semiconductor industry. 

10 

Generally, our products enable customers to design power converters with total bill-of-materials costs similar to 
those of competing alternatives. As a result, the value of our products is influenced by the prices of discrete components, 
which fluctuate in relation to market demand, raw-material prices and other factors, but have generally decreased over 
time. 

While we vary the pricing of our ICs in response to fluctuations in prices of alternative solutions, we also compete 
based on a variety of other factors. Most importantly, the highly integrated nature of our products enables designs that 
utilize fewer total components than comparable discrete designs or designs using other integrated or hybrid products. This 
enables power converters to be designed more quickly and manufactured more efficiently and reliably than competing 
designs. We also compete on the basis of product functionality such as safety features and energy-efficiency features and 
on the basis of the technical support we provide to our customers. This support includes hands-on design assistance as 
well as a range of design tools and documentation such as software and reference designs. We also believe that our record 
of product quality and history of delivering products to our customers on a timely basis serve as additional competitive 
advantages. 

Warranty 

We generally warrant that our products will substantially conform to the published specifications for 12 months 
from the date of shipment. Under the terms and conditions of sale, our liability is limited generally to either a credit equal 
to the purchase price or replacement of the defective part. 

Government Regulation 

We are subject to a variety of federal, state and local governmental laws and regulations worldwide, including, 
but not limited to, laws, rules and regulations related to anti-corruption, antitrust, data privacy requirements, employment, 
environmental, foreign exchange controls, health and safety requirements, immigration, import/export requirements, IP 
and  tax.  Any  failure  to  comply  with  laws  and  regulations  may  subject  us  to  a  range  of  consequences  including  fines, 
suspension of certain of our business activities, limitations on our ability to sell our products, obligations to remediate in 
the case of environmental contamination, and criminal and civil liabilities or other sanctions. Changes in environmental 
laws and regulations could require us to alter our manufacturing processes or use substitute materials. Our failure to comply 
with laws, rules and regulations could subject us to future liabilities. 

See also our risk factors under Part 1. Item 1A. Risk Factors in this Annual Report on Form 10-K under “Risks 

Related to Laws and Regulations.” 

Human Capital 

As of December 31, 2023, we employed 819 full-time personnel across 14 countries with 361, or 44% of the 
total, residing in North America, while 56% resided offshore comprising 334 in the Asia-Pacific region and 124 across 
Europe.  As  of  December 31, 2023,  6%  of  our  worldwide  employees  were  foreign  nationals,  defined  as  individuals 
requiring employment visas in the countries where they are employed. Women comprise approximately 24% of our total 
U.S. workforce and 34% of our non-technical U.S. workforce. The ethnic makeup of our U.S. workforce is approximately 
as follows: 62% Asian; 27% white; 6% Hispanic or Latino; 4% other. 

Innovation is the lifeblood of our company, and we depend on our people to sustain our competitive advantage. 
To attract and retain talented employees, we offer competitive compensation with generous comprehensive benefits for 
employees and dependents (including domestic partners). We offer health, dental and vision insurance, covering 85% of 
the cost of employee health insurance in 2023, flexible spending accounts for healthcare and child-care expenses, matching 
401(k) contributions (at a rate of 50% of the employee contribution, up to a maximum of 4% of the employee’s eligible 
compensation), employee stock plans, paid vacation and family leave, life and disability insurance, flu vaccinations, tuition 
reimbursement, charitable gift matching, health-and-wellness programs designed to promote physical well-being and other 
mental health services. Approximately 97% of eligible U.S. employees participate in our 401(k) plan and 70% of eligible 
employees participated in the most recent offering period of our employee stock purchase plan. These benefits, combined 
with  our  culture  of  innovation  and  sustainable  growth,  contribute  to  below-average  employee  turnover  relative  to  our 
industry and an average tenure of nearly 7 years. In 2022 and 2023 we were certified by Great Place to Work® based on 
the results of an anonymous survey of employees; in the 2023 survey, 85% of employees stated that Power Integrations is 
a great place to work, compared to an average of 57% for U.S. companies according to Great Place to Work. 

It  is  our  policy  to  ensure  equal  employment  opportunity  for  all  applicants  and  employees  without  regard  to 
prohibited  considerations  of  race,  color,  religion,  sex  (including  pregnancy,  gender  identity  and  sexual  orientation), 
national origin, age, disability or genetic information, marital status or any other classification protected by applicable 

11 

local, state or federal laws. Our employees are encouraged to engage with company leadership and raise concerns and 
questions in person, via e-mail (anonymously if desired), or at our quarterly employee communications meeting with the 
CEO and senior management team. All employees receive training in the prevention of sexual harassment and abusive 
conduct in the workplace. 

We value our employees, giving them the tools and training to grow as individuals, and the freedom to take risks 
in the service of innovation. We offer tuition reimbursement for job-related education and provide live and online classes 
covering  topics  such  as  communication,  leadership  and  management,  software,  and  time  management.  We  also  offer 
catered lunch-time workshops on a range of personal-development topics such as financial planning, nutrition and stress 
management. 

Additional  information  regarding  our  commitment  to  our  people  can  be  found  on  our  website  at 

https://www.power.com/company/sustainability-citizenship/. 

Investor Information 

We make available, free of charge, copies of our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, 
current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after filing this 
material electronically or otherwise furnishing it to the SEC. Investors may obtain free electronic copies or request paper 
copies of these reports via the “For Investors” section of our website, www.power.com. Our website address is provided 
solely for informational purposes. We do not intend, by this reference, that our website should be deemed to be part of this 
Annual Report. The reports we file with the SEC are also available at www.sec.gov. 

Our corporate governance guidelines, the charters of our board committees, and our code of business conduct and 
ethics, including ethics provisions that apply to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, controller and 
senior financial officers, are also available via the investor website listed above. These items are also available in print to 
any  stockholder  who  requests  them  by  calling  (408)  414-9200.  We  intend  to  satisfy  the  disclosure  requirements  of 
Form 8-K regarding an amendment to, or a waiver from, a provision of our code of business conduct and ethics that applies 
to  our  principal  executive  officer,  principal  financial  officer,  principal  accounting  officer  or  controller,  or  persons 
performing similar functions by posting such information on our investor website listed above. 

Power Integrations, Inc. was incorporated in California on March 25, 1988, and reincorporated in Delaware in 

December 1997. 

Information About Our Executive Officers 

As of January 31, 2024, our executive officers, who were appointed by and serve at the discretion of our board 

of directors, were as follows: 

Name 
Balu Balakrishnan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Douglas Bailey  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radu Barsan  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sunil Gupta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
David “Mike” Matthews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sandeep Nayyar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Clifford Walker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Yang Chiah Yee  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    Position With Power Integrations

President, Chief Executive Officer and Director 
Vice President, Marketing
Vice President, Technology
Vice President, Operations
Chief Technical Officer
Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer 
Vice President, Corporate Development
Vice President, Worldwide Sales

Age
69
57
71
51
59
64
72
57

Balu Balakrishnan has served as president, chief executive officer and as a director of Power Integrations since 
January 2002; he has also served as chairman of the board since May 2023. He served as president and chief operating 
officer  from  April 2001  to  January 2002.  From  January 2000  to  April 2001,  he  was  vice  president  of  engineering  and 
strategic  marketing.  From  September 1997  to  January 2000,  he  was  vice  president  of  engineering  and  new  business 
development. From September 1994 to September 1997, Mr. Balakrishnan served as vice president of engineering and 
marketing.  Prior  to  joining  Power  Integrations  in  1989,  Mr. Balakrishnan  was  employed  by  National  Semiconductor 
Corporation. 

Douglas  Bailey  has  served  as  our  vice  president  of  marketing  since  November 2004.  From  March 2001  to 
April 2004, he served as vice president of marketing at ChipX, a structured ASIC company. His earlier experience includes 
serving as business management and marketing consultant for Sapiential Prime, Inc., director of sales and business unit 
manager for 8x8, Inc., and serving in application engineering management for IIT, Inc. and design engineering roles with 
LSI Logic, Inmos, Ltd. and Marconi. 

12 

 
 
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Radu Barsan has served as our vice president of technology since January 2013, leading our foundry engineering, 
technology development and quality organizations. Prior to joining Power Integrations, Dr. Barsan served as chairman and 
CEO at Redfern Integrated Optics, Inc., a supplier of single frequency narrow linewidth lasers, modules, and subsystems, 
from 2001 to 2013. Previously, he served in a succession of engineering-management and technology development roles 
at  Phaethon  Communications,  Inc.,  a  photonics  technology  company,  Cirrus  Logic,  Inc.,  a  high-precision  analog  and 
digital signal processing company, Advanced Micro Devices, a semiconductor company, Cypress Semiconductor, Inc., a 
semiconductor  company  and  Microelectronica  a  semiconductor  company.  Dr. Barsan  has  more  than  40  years  of 
commercial experience in semiconductor and photonic components development, engineering and operations. 

Sunil Gupta has served as our vice president of operations since August 2020. Prior to joining Power Integrations, 
Mr. Gupta was vice president of operations at Renesas Electronics Corporation, a provider of electronics solutions, from 
July 2017 until August 2020, in which position he was responsible for global operations for Intersil and IDT products as 
well  as  the  integration  into  the  operations  of  Renesas.  Prior  to  joining  Renesas  he  was  Senior  Vice  President,  Global 
Operations  at  Intersil  Corporation,  a  developer  of  power  management  and  precision  analog  integrated  circuits,  from 
June 2016 to July 2017, in which position he led the global operations and technology teams, and was Vice President, 
Quality and Technology Development at Intersil was from September 2013 to June 2016, in which position he led the 
quality, reliability, yield, process technology and package technology teams. Mr. Gupta joined Intersil in 2012 as its Vice 
President, Quality and Reliability.  Prior to joining Intersil, Mr. Gupta was the Director of Worldwide Customer Quality 
Engineering  at  Qualcomm,  and  prior  to  Qualcomm  Mr. Gupta  spent  16  years  at  National  Semiconductor  in  wafer  fab 
operations and quality. 

Mike  Matthews  has  served  as  our  chief  technical  officer  since  February 2023.  Mr. Matthews  joined  Power 
Integrations in 1992, managing our European application engineering group and then our European sales organization as 
managing director of Power Integrations (Europe). He led our product-definition team from 2000 through 2023, serving 
as director of strategic marketing until 2012 and then as vice president of product of development prior to assuming his 
current role. Prior to joining Power Integrations, Mr. Matthews worked at several electric motor-drive companies and then 
at Siliconix, a semiconductor company, as a motor-control applications specialist. 

Sandeep  Nayyar  has  served  as  our  vice  president  and  chief  financial  officer  since  June 2010.  Previously 
Mr. Nayyar served as vice president of finance at Applied Biosystems, Inc., a developer and manufacturer of life-sciences 
products, from 2002 to 2009. Mr. Nayyar was a member of the executive team with world-wide responsibilities for finance. 
From 1990 to 2001, Mr. Nayyar served in a succession of financial roles including vice president of finance at Quantum 
Corporation, a computer storage company. Mr. Nayyar also worked for five years in the public-accounting field at Ernst & 
Young LLP. Mr. Nayyar is a Certified Public Accountant, Chartered Accountant and has a Bachelor of Commerce from 
the University of Delhi, India. Mr. Nayyar serves as a director and audit-committee chairman of Smart Global Holdings, 
Inc., a manufacturer of specialty memory solutions since his appointment in 2014. He was the lead independent director 
from 2021 to 2022. 

Clifford Walker has served as our vice president, corporate development since June 1995. From September 1994 
to  June 1995,  Mr. Walker  served  as  vice  president  of  Reach  Software  Corporation,  a  software  company.  From 
December 1993  to  September 1994,  Mr. Walker  served  as  president  of  Morgan  Walker  International,  a  consulting 
company. 

Yang  Chiah  Yee  has  served  as  our  vice  president,  worldwide  sales  since  June 2021.  From  March 2018  to 
June 2021,  Mr. Yee  served  as  senior  vice  president  of  worldwide  sales  at  NeoPhotonics  Corporation,  a  supplier  of 
optoelectronic modules and subsystems for high-speed communication networks, where he was responsible for managing 
the worldwide sales and customer service organization, meeting with major clients, designing effective sales strategies 
and  negotiating  major  contracts.  From  August 2016  to  February 2017,  Mr. Yee  served  as  senior  vice  president  of 
worldwide sales at IDEX Biometrics ASA, a supplier of fingerprint sensor solutions for payment cards, digital wallets and 
cyber authentication. From March 2008 to March 2016, Mr. Yee served in various senior sales roles at Atmel Corporation, 
a  semiconductor  designer  and  manufacturer  of  microcontroller  and  memory  chips  before  its  acquisition  by  Microchip 
Technology, Inc. Mr. Yee’s earlier experience includes senior sales roles at Xilinx Inc. and Memec LLC focusing on the 
Asia-Pacific  region.  Mr. Yee  received  a  bachelor  of  engineering  degree  from  Nanyang  Technological  Institute  at  the 
National University of Singapore, and holds a graduate diploma in marketing management from the Singapore Institute of 
Management. 

13 

Item 1A. Risk Factors. 

The  following  are  important  factors  that  could  cause  actual  results  or  events  to  differ  materially  from  those 
contained in any forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf. The risks and uncertainties described below 
are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we deem immaterial 
also may impair our business operations. If any of the following risks or such other risks actually occurs, our business 
could be harmed. 

Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock 

Our operating results are volatile and difficult to predict. If we fail to meet the expectations of public market 
analysts or investors, the market price of our common stock may decrease significantly. Our net revenues and operating 
results have varied significantly in the past, are difficult to forecast, are subject to numerous factors both within and outside 
of  our  control,  and  may  fluctuate  significantly  in  the  future.  As  a  result,  our  operating  results  could  fall  below  the 
expectations of public market analysts or investors. If that occurs, the price of our stock may decline. 

Some of the factors that could affect our operating results include the following: 
• 

the  demand  for  our  products  declining  in  the  major  end  markets  we  serve,  which  may  occur  due  to 
competitive  factors,  supply-chain  fluctuations,  rising  inflation  or  other  changes  in  macroeconomic 
conditions; 

• 

• 
• 

• 
• 

• 

• 

• 
• 

• 

• 

• 
• 

• 
• 

• 
• 

• 

reliance on international sales activities for a substantial portion of our net revenues; 

the volume and timing of orders received from customers; 

our products are sold through distributors, which limits our direct interaction with our end customers, 
which reduces our ability to forecast sales and increases the complexity of our business; 

the ability of our products to penetrate additional markets; 

our ability to develop and bring to market new products and technologies on a timely basis; 

failure,  disruption,  security  breaches,  or  other  incidents  impacting  our  information  technology 
infrastructure or information management systems; 

interruptions in our information technology systems; 

competitive pressures on selling prices; 

we face risks related to the Novel Coronavirus pandemic (“COVID-19”), which has disrupted and may 
again  disrupt  our  operations,  including  our  manufacturing,  research  and  development,  and  sales  and 
marketing activities, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, 
operating results and cash flows; 

risks associated with our supply chain including, the volume, cost and timing of delivery of orders placed 
by us with our wafer foundries and assembly subcontractors, and their ability to procure materials; 

our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel; 

the lengthy timing of our sales cycle; 

earthquakes, fire, pandemics or other disasters; 

undetected defects and failures in meeting the exact specifications required by our products; 

fluctuations in exchange rates, particularly the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Japanese 
yen, the Euro and the Swiss franc; 

the inability to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights; 

expenses  we  are  required  to  incur  (or  choose  to  incur)  in  connection  with  our  intellectual  property 
litigations; 

changes  in  tax  rules and  regulations,  changes  in  interpretation  of  tax  rules and  regulations,  or 
unfavorable assessments from tax audits may increase the amount of taxes we are required to pay; 

14 

• 

• 

• 

• 
• 

changes  in  environmental  laws  and  regulations,  including  with  respect  to  energy  consumption  and 
climate change; 

uncertainties arising out of economic consequences of current and potential military actions, including 
current on-going conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East, or terrorist activities and associated political 
instability; 

risks associated with acquisitions and strategic investments; 

our ability to successfully integrate, or realize the expected benefits from, our acquisitions; and 

continued impact of changes in securities laws and regulations, including potential risks resulting from 
our evaluation of our internal controls over financial reporting. 

Risks Related to the Operation and Growth of Our Business 

If demand  for our products  continues  to decline  in our major  end markets, our net  revenues  will  continue  to 
decline  further.  When  our  customers  are  not  successful  in  maintaining  high  levels  of  demand  for  their  products,  their 
demand  for  our  ICs  decreases,  which  adversely  affects  our  operating  results.  A  limited  number  of  applications  of  our 
products, such as cellphone chargers and consumer appliances, make up a significant percentage of our net revenues. We 
expect  that  a  significant  level  of  our  net  revenues  and  operating  results  will  continue  to  be  dependent  upon  these 
applications in the near term. Demand for end products incorporating our products has been highly cyclical over time and 
has  been  impacted  by  economic  downturns;  our  recent  results  have  been  impacted  by  economic  conditions  including 
inflation and the effects of anti-COVID measures in China. Any further economic slowdown in the end markets that we 
serve could cause a further slowdown in demand for our ICs, causing our net revenues to decline further and potentially 
result in write-offs of excess or obsolete inventory, which could cause the price of our stock to fall. 

Our  international  sales  activities  account  for  a  substantial  portion  of  our  net  revenues,  which  subjects  us  to 
substantial risks. Sales to customers outside of the United States of America account for, and have accounted for a large 
portion  of  our  net  revenues,  including  approximately  98%,  96%  and  98%  of  our  net  revenues  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2023,  2022  and  2021,  respectively.  If  our  international  sales  declined  and  we  were  unable  to  increase 
domestic  sales,  our  revenues  would  decline  and  our  operating  results  would  be  harmed.  International  sales  involve  a 
number of risks to us, including: 

• 
• 

• 
• 

• 

• 
• 

tariffs, protectionist measures and other trade barriers and restrictions; 

potential insolvency of international distributors and representatives; 

reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some countries; 

the impact of recessionary environments and inflation in the United States and other economies where 
we do business; 

global,  regional,  and  local  economic  and  political  conditions,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  social, 
economic, political, and supply chain instability related to the uncertainty regarding relationships among 
the international community as a whole including potential risks stemming from tensions between China 
and Taiwan and between China and Western countries, as well as related to armed conflicts that exist, 
or in the future could exist, in various parts of the world; 

the burdens of complying with a variety of foreign and applicable U.S. Federal and state laws; and 

foreign-currency exchange risk. 

Our failure to adequately address these risks could reduce our international sales and materially and adversely 
affect our operating results. Furthermore, because substantially all of our foreign sales are denominated in U.S. dollars, 
increases in the value of the dollar cause the price of our products in foreign markets to rise, making our products more 
expensive relative to competing products priced in local currencies. 

We  do  not  have  long-term  contracts  with  any  of  our  customers  and  if  they  fail  to  place,  or  if  they  cancel  or 
reschedule orders for our products, our operating results and our business may suffer. Our business is characterized by 
short-term customer orders and shipment schedules, and the ordering patterns of some of our large customers have been 
unpredictable in the past and will likely remain unpredictable in the future. Not only does the volume of units ordered by 
particular customers vary substantially from period to period, but also purchase orders received from particular customers 
often vary substantially from early oral estimates provided by those customers for planning purposes. In addition, customer 

15 

orders  can  be  canceled  or  rescheduled  without  significant  penalty  to  the  customer.  In  the  past,  we  have  experienced 
customer cancellations of substantial orders for reasons beyond our control, and significant cancellations could occur again 
at any time. Also, a relatively small number of distributors, OEMs and merchant power supply manufacturers account for 
a significant portion of our revenues. Specifically, our top ten customers, including distributors, accounted for 80%, 76% 
and 78% of our net revenues in each of the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. However, a 
significant portion of these revenues are attributable to sales of our products through distributors of electronic components. 
These distributors sell our products to a broad, diverse range of end users, including OEMs and merchant power supply 
manufacturers, which mitigates the risk of customer concentration to a large degree. 

Our products are sold through distributors, which limits our direct interaction with our end customers, therefore 
reducing our ability to forecast sales and increasing the complexity of our business. Sales to distributors accounted for 
approximately 69%, 70% and 75% of net revenues in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. 
Selling through distributors reduces our ability to forecast sales and increases the complexity of our business, requiring us 
to: 

• 

• 
• 

manage a more complex supply chain; 

monitor the level of inventory of our products at each distributor, and 

monitor  the  financial  condition  and  credit-worthiness  of  our  distributors,  many  of  which  are  located 
outside of the United States and are not publicly traded. 

Since we have limited ability to forecast inventory levels at our end customers, it is possible that there may be 
significant build-up of inventories in the distributor channel, with the OEM or the OEM’s contract manufacturer. Such a 
buildup  could  result  in  a  slowdown  in  orders,  requests  for  returns  from  customers,  or  requests  to  move  out  planned 
shipments. This could adversely impact our revenues and profits. Any failure to manage these complexities could disrupt 
or reduce sales of our products and unfavorably impact our financial results. 

If our products do not penetrate additional markets, our business will not grow as we expect. We believe that our 
future success depends in part upon our ability to penetrate additional markets for our products. We cannot assure that we 
will be able to overcome the marketing or technological challenges necessary to penetrate additional markets. To the extent 
that a competitor penetrates additional markets before we do, or takes market share from us in our existing markets, our 
net revenues and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. 

If our efforts to enhance existing products and introduce new products are not successful, we may not be able to 
generate demand for our products. Our success depends in significant part upon our ability to develop new ICs for high-
voltage power conversion for existing and new markets, to introduce these products in a timely manner and to have these 
products selected for design into products of leading manufacturers. New product introduction schedules are subject to the 
risks and uncertainties that typically accompany development and delivery of complex technologies to the market place, 
including product development delays and defects. If we fail to develop and sell new products in a timely manner, then 
our net revenues could decline. 

In addition, we cannot be sure that we will be able to adjust to changing market demands as quickly and cost-
effectively as necessary to compete successfully. Furthermore, we cannot assure that we will be able to introduce new 
products in a timely and cost-effective manner or in sufficient quantities to meet customer demand or that these products 
will achieve market acceptance. Our failure, or our customers’ failure, to develop and introduce new products successfully 
and in a timely manner would harm our business. In addition, customers may defer or return orders for existing products 
in response to the introduction of new products. When a potential liability exists we will maintain reserves for customer 
returns, however we cannot assure that these reserves will be adequate. 

Any  failure,  disruption  or  security  breach  or  incident  otherwise  impacting  our  information  technology 
infrastructure or information management systems could have an adverse impact on our business and operations. Cyber-
attacks have become increasingly more prevalent and much harder to detect, defend against or prevent. As the frequency 
of cyber-attacks and resulting breaches reported by other businesses and governments increases, we expect to continue to 
devote significant resources to improve and maintain our IT infrastructure. We have incurred and may in the future incur 
significant costs in order to implement, maintain and/or update security systems we believe are necessary to protect our 
IT infrastructure. As the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or to sabotage systems change frequently and are 
often not recognized until launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement 
adequate preventive measures. A breakdown in existing controls and procedures around our cyber-security environment 
may prevent us from detecting, reporting or responding to cyber incidents in a timely manner and could have a material 

16 

adverse effect on our financial position and value of our stock. We cannot guarantee that our implemented processes for 
IT and risk mitigation measures will be effective for IT systems under our control. 

Furthermore,  we  rely  on  products  and  services  provided  by  third-party  suppliers  to  operate  certain  critical 
business systems. We cannot guarantee that third parties and infrastructure in our supply chain or our partners’ supply 
chains have not been or will not be compromised or that they do not or will not in the future contain exploitable defects or 
bugs that could result in a breach of or disruption to our IT infrastructure, including our products and services, or the third-
party information technology systems that support our services. 

We have limited insight into the data privacy or security practices of third-party service providers. Our ability to 
monitor these third parties’ information security practices is limited, and they may not have adequate information security 
measures in place. If one of our third-party suppliers suffers a security breach, our response may be limited or more difficult 
because we may not have direct access to their systems, logs and other information related to the security breach.  

Interruptions in our information technology systems could adversely affect our business. We rely on the efficient 
and  uninterrupted  operation  of  complex  information  technology  systems  and  networks  to  operate  our  business.  Any 
significant  system  or  network  disruption,  including but not  limited  to  new  system  implementations,  computer  viruses, 
security breaches, or energy blackouts could have a material adverse impact on our operations, sales and operating results. 
We have implemented measures to manage our risks related to such disruptions, but such disruptions could still occur and 
negatively  impact  our  operations  and  financial  results.  Furthermore,  the  risk  of  state-supported  and  geopolitically 
motivated cybersecurity incidents may increase due to geopolitical instability. In addition, we may incur additional costs 
to remedy any damages caused by these disruptions or security breaches. 

Intense competition in the high-voltage power supply industry may lead to a decrease in our average selling price 
and  reduced  sales  volume  of  our  products.  The  high-voltage  power  supply  industry  is  intensely  competitive  and 
characterized by significant price sensitivity. Our products face competition from alternative technologies, such as linear 
transformers,  discrete  switcher  power  supplies,  and  other  integrated  and  hybrid  solutions.  If  the  price  of  competing 
solutions decreases significantly, the cost effectiveness of our products will be adversely affected. If power requirements 
for applications in which our products are currently utilized go outside the cost-effective range of our products, some of 
these alternative technologies can be used more cost effectively. In addition, as our patents expire, our competitors could 
legally begin using the technology covered by the expired patents in their products, potentially increasing the performance 
of  their  products  and/or  decreasing  the  cost  of  their  products,  which  may  enable  our  competitors  to  compete  more 
effectively. Our current patents may or may not inhibit our competitors from getting any benefit from an expired patent. 
Our U.S. patents have expiration dates ranging from 2024 to 2044. We cannot assure that our products will continue to 
compete favorably or that we will be successful in the face of increasing competition from new products and enhancements 
introduced by existing competitors or new companies entering this market. We believe our failure to compete successfully 
in the high-voltage power supply business, including our ability to introduce new products with higher average selling 
prices, would materially harm our operating results. 

We face risks related to global health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, which have disrupted and may 
again disrupt our operations, including our manufacturing, research and development, and sales and marketing activities, 
which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, operating results and cash flows. Our 
business as well as the business of our suppliers, customers and distributors was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic 
and may in the future be adversely impacted by the world-wide response to any further global health crises. Such impacts 
include public health measures, travel restrictions, business shutdowns, border closures, delivery and freight delays and 
other disruptions. These disruptions may adversely affect not only our sales and marketing activities, product development, 
manufacturing and product shipments which could negatively impact our ability to meet customer commitments but also 
our customers’ ability to manufacture their products, which could reduce their demand for our products. The COVID-19 
pandemic caused a significant economic downturn in local and global economies and in financial markets. Any future 
global health crisis could have similar economic consequences which may result in reduced demand for our products and 
have a material adverse effect on our revenues, customer relationships, operating results, cash flows, financial condition 
and stock price. 

We  depend  on  third-party  suppliers  to  provide  us  with  wafers  for  our  products  and  if  they  fail  to  provide  us 
sufficient quantities of wafers, our business may suffer. Our primary supply arrangements for the production of wafers are 
with Epson, Lapis and X-FAB. Our contracts with these suppliers expire on varying dates, with the earliest to expire in 
December 2025.  Although  some  aspects  of  our  relationships  with  Lapis,  X-FAB  and  Epson  are  contractual,  many 
important aspects of these relationships depend on their continued cooperation. We cannot assure that we will continue to 
work successfully with Epson, Lapis and X-FAB in the future, and that the wafer foundries’ capacity will meet our needs. 

17 

Additionally, one or more of these wafer foundries could seek an early termination of our wafer supply agreements. Any 
serious disruption in the supply of wafers from Epson, Lapis and X-FAB could harm our business. We estimate that it 
would  take  12  to  24 months  from  the  time  we  identified  an  alternate  manufacturing  source  to  produce  wafers  with 
acceptable manufacturing yields in sufficient quantities to meet our needs. 

Although we provide our foundries with rolling forecasts of our production requirements, their ability to provide 
wafers to us is ultimately limited by the available capacity of the wafer foundry. Any reduction in wafer foundry capacity 
available to us could require us to pay amounts in excess of contracted or anticipated amounts for wafer deliveries or 
require us to make other concessions to meet our customers’ requirements, or may limit our ability to meet demand for 
our products. Further, to the extent demand for our products exceeds wafer foundry capacity, this could inhibit us from 
expanding our business and harm relationships with our customers. Any of these concessions or limitations could harm 
our business. 

If our third-party suppliers and independent subcontractors do not produce our wafers and assemble our finished 
products at acceptable yields, our net revenues may decline. We depend on independent foundries to produce wafers, and 
independent subcontractors to assemble and test finished products, at acceptable yields and to deliver them to us in a timely 
manner. The failure of the foundries to supply us wafers at acceptable yields could prevent us from selling our products to 
our customers and would likely cause a decline in our net revenues and gross margin. In addition, our IC assembly process 
requires our manufacturers to use a high-voltage molding compound that has been available from only a few suppliers. 
These compounds and their specified processing conditions require a more exacting level of process control than normally 
required  for  standard  IC  packages.  Unavailability  of  assembly  materials  or  problems  with  the  assembly  process  can 
materially and adversely affect yields, timely delivery and cost to manufacture. We may not be able to maintain acceptable 
yields in the future. 

In  addition,  if  prices  for  commodities  used  in  our  products  increase  significantly,  raw  material  costs  would 
increase for our suppliers which could result in an increase in the prices our suppliers charge us. To the extent we are not 
able to pass these costs on to our customers; this would have an adverse effect on our gross margins. 

We must attract and retain qualified personnel to be successful and competition for qualified personnel is intense 
in our market. Our success depends to a significant extent upon the continued service of our executive officers and other 
key management and technical personnel, and on our ability to continue to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel, 
such as experienced analog design engineers and systems applications engineers. The competition for these employees is 
intense, particularly in Silicon Valley. The loss of the services of one or more of our engineers, executive officers or other 
key personnel could harm our business. In addition, if one or more of these individuals leaves our employ, and we are 
unable to quickly and efficiently replace those individuals with qualified personnel who can smoothly transition into their 
new roles, our business may suffer. We do not have long-term employment contracts with, and we do not have in place 
key person life insurance policies on, any of our employees. 

Because the sales cycle for our products can be lengthy, we may incur substantial expenses before we generate 
significant  revenues,  if  any.  Our  products  are  generally  incorporated  into  a  customer’s  products  at  the  design  stage. 
However, customer decisions to use our products, commonly referred to as design wins, can often require us to expend 
significant  research  and  development  and  sales  and  marketing  resources  without  any  assurance  of  success.  These 
significant research and development and sales and marketing resources often precede volume sales, if any, by a year or 
more. The value of any design win will largely depend upon the commercial success of the customer’s product. We cannot 
assure that we will continue to achieve design wins or that any design win will result in future revenues. If a customer 
decides at the design stage not to incorporate our products into its product, we may not have another opportunity for a 
design win with respect to that product for many months or years. 

In the event of an earthquake, fire, other pandemics, natural or other disasters, including with respect to climate 
change,  our  operations  may  be  interrupted  and  our  business  would  be  harmed.  Our  principal  executive  offices  and 
operating facilities are situated near San Francisco, California, and most of our major suppliers, which are wafer foundries 
and  assembly  houses,  are  located  in  areas  that  have  been  subject  to  severe  earthquakes,  such  as  Japan.  Many  of  our 
suppliers are also susceptible to other disasters such as tropical storms, typhoons, tsunamis or other catastrophic events, 
including those caused by climate change. In the event of a disaster, we or one or more of our major suppliers may be 
temporarily unable to continue operations and may suffer significant property damage. Any interruption in our ability, or 
that of our major suppliers, to continue operations could delay the development and shipment of our products and have a 
substantial negative impact on our financial results. 

18 

Our products must meet exacting specifications, and undetected defects and failures may occur which may cause 
customers to return or stop buying our products and/or impose significant costs to us. Our customers generally establish 
demanding specifications for quality, performance and reliability, and our products must meet these specifications. ICs as 
complex as those we sell often encounter development delays and may contain undetected defects or failures when first 
introduced or after commencement of commercial shipments. We have from time to time in the past experienced product 
quality, performance or reliability problems. If defects and failures occur in our products, we could experience lost revenue, 
increased costs, including product warranty or liability claims and costs associated with customer support and product 
recalls,  delays  in  or  cancellations  or  rescheduling  of  orders  or  shipments  and  product  returns  or  discounts.  While  we 
specifically exclude consequential damages in our standard terms and conditions, certain of our contracts may not exclude 
such  liabilities.  Our  liability insurance which  covers  certain  damages  arising out  of product  defects may not  cover  all 
claims or be of a sufficient amount to fully protect against such claims. Costs or payments in connection with such claims 
could harm our operating results. 

Risks Related to Financial Performance 

Fluctuations in exchange rates, particularly the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Japanese yen, 
Swiss franc and euro, may impact our gross margin and net income. Our exchange rate risk related to the Japanese yen 
includes two of our major suppliers, Epson and Lapis, with which we have wafer supply agreements based in U.S. dollars; 
however, these agreements also allow for mutual sharing of the impact of the exchange rate fluctuation between Japanese 
yen  and  the  U.S.  dollar.  Each year,  our  management  and  these  suppliers  review  and  negotiate  pricing;  the  negotiated 
pricing  is  denominated  in  U.S.  dollars  but  is  subject  to  contractual  exchange  rate  provisions.  The  fluctuation  in  the 
exchange rate is shared equally between Power Integrations and each of these suppliers. We maintain cash denominated 
in Swiss francs and euros to fund the operations of our Swiss subsidiary. The functional currency of our Swiss subsidiary 
is the U.S. dollar; gains and losses arising from the remeasurement of non-functional currency balances are recorded in 
other income in our consolidated statements of income, and material unfavorable exchange-rate fluctuations with the Swiss 
franc could negatively impact our net income. 

Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property 

If we are unable to adequately protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, we could lose market share, 
incur costly litigation expenses, suffer incremental price erosion or lose valuable assets, any of which could harm our 
operations and negatively impact our profitability. Our success depends upon our ability to continue our technological 
innovation  and  protect  our  intellectual  property,  including  patents,  trade  secrets,  copyrights  and  know-how.  We  are 
currently  engaged  in  litigation  to  enforce  our  intellectual  property  rights,  and  associated  expenses  have  been,  and  are 
expected to remain, material and have adversely affected our operating results. We cannot assure that the steps we have 
taken  to  protect  our  intellectual property will  be  adequate  to prevent misappropriation,  or  that others  will not develop 
competitive  technologies  or  products.  From  time  to  time,  we  have  received,  and  we  may  receive  in  the  future, 
communications alleging possible infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights of others. Costly litigation 
may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights or to defend us against claimed infringement. The failure to 
obtain necessary licenses and other rights, and/or litigation arising out of infringement claims could cause us to lose market 
share and harm our business. 

As  our  patents  expire,  we  will  lose  intellectual  property  protection  previously  afforded  by  those  patents. 
Additionally, the laws of some foreign countries in which our technology is or may in the future be licensed may not 
protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States, thus limiting the protections 
applicable to our technology. 

If we do not prevail in our litigation, we will have expended significant financial resources, potentially without 
any benefit, and may also suffer the loss of rights to use some technologies. We are currently involved in a number of 
patent litigation matters and the outcome of the litigation is uncertain. See Note 13, Legal Proceedings and Contingencies, 
in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. For example, we are 
being sued in an ongoing case for patent infringement. Should we ultimately be determined to be infringing another party’s 
patents, or if an injunction is issued against us while litigation is pending on those claims, such result could have an adverse 
impact on our ability to sell products found to be infringing, either directly or indirectly. In the event of an adverse outcome, 
we may be required to pay substantial damages, stop our manufacture, use, sale, or importation of infringing products, or 
obtain licenses to the intellectual property we are found to have infringed. We have also incurred, and expect to continue 
to incur, significant legal costs in conducting these lawsuits, including the appeal of the case we won, and our involvement 
in  this  litigation  and  any  future  intellectual  property  litigation  could  adversely  affect  sales  and  divert  the  efforts  and 
attention of our technical and management personnel, whether or not such litigation is resolved in our favor. Thus, even if 

19 

we are successful in these lawsuits, the benefits of this success may fail to outweigh the significant legal costs we will 
have incurred. 

Risks Related to Laws and Regulations 

Changes  in  tax  rules and  regulations,  changes  in  interpretation  of  tax  rules and  regulations,  or  unfavorable 
assessments from tax audits may increase the amount of taxes we are required to pay. Our operations are subject to income 
and transaction taxes in the United States and in multiple foreign jurisdictions and to review or audit by the U.S. Internal 
Revenue Service (“IRS”) and state, local and foreign tax authorities. In addition, the United States, countries in Asia and 
other countries where we do business have recently enacted or are considering changes in relevant tax, accounting and 
other laws, regulations and interpretations, including changes to tax laws applicable to multinational companies. These 
potential changes could adversely affect our effective tax rates or result in other costs to us. 

The  European  Union  (“EU”)  member  states  formally  adopted  the  EU’s  Pillar  Two  Directive,  which  was 
established by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, and which generally provides for a 15 per 
cent minimum effective tax rate for multinational corporations, in all jurisdictions in which they operate. While we do not 
anticipate that this will have a material impact on our tax provision or effective tax rate, we will continue to monitor the 
evolving tax legislation in the jurisdictions in which we operate. 

As of December 31, 2023, we are currently subject to an ongoing audit with the California Franchise Tax Board 
for the tax years 2018 and 2019. The foregoing items could have a material effect on our business, cash flow, results of 
operations or financial conditions.  

Changes  in  environmental  laws  and  regulations,  including  with  respect  to  energy  consumption  and  climate 
change, may have a negative impact on our business. Changing environmental regulations and the timetable to implement 
them continue to impact our customers’ demand for our products. Currently we have limited visibility into our customers’ 
strategies to implement these changing environmental regulations into their business. The inability to accurately determine 
our customers’ strategies could increase our inventory costs related to obsolescence. 

The semiconductor industry is subject to environmental regulations, particularly those that control and restrict 
the  sourcing,  use,  transportation,  storage,  and  disposal  of  certain  mineral,  chemicals,  and  materials  used  in  the 
semiconductor manufacturing process. We expect the heightened worldwide awareness regarding climate change and the 
environmental impact to continue, which may result in new environmental laws and regulations that could affect us, our 
suppliers  and/or  our  customers.  New environmental  laws  and  regulations  could  require  us  or  our  suppliers  to  obtain 
alternative  materials  that  may  increase  our  costs  more  or  be  less  available,  which  may  adversely  affect  our  operating 
results. 

General Risk Factors 

Uncertainties  arising  out  of  economic  consequences  of  current  and  potential  military  actions  or  terrorist 
activities and associated political instability could adversely affect our business. Like other U.S. companies, our business 
and operating results are subject to uncertainties arising out of economic consequences of current and potential military 
actions or terrorist activities and associated political instability, and the impact of heightened security concerns on domestic 
and international travel and commerce. These uncertainties could also lead to delays or cancellations of customer orders, 
a general decrease in corporate spending or our inability to effectively market and sell our products. Any of these results 
could substantially harm our business and results of operations, causing a decrease in our revenues. 

We are exposed to risks associated with acquisitions and strategic investments. We have made, and in the future 
intend  to  make,  acquisitions  of,  and  investments  in,  companies,  technologies  or  products  in  existing,  related  or  new 
markets. Acquisitions involve numerous risks, including but not limited to: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

inability to realize anticipated benefits, which may occur due to any of the reasons described below, or 
for other unanticipated reasons; 

the risk of litigation or disputes with customers, suppliers, partners or stockholders of an acquisition 
target arising from a proposed or completed transaction; 

impairment  of  acquired  intangible  assets  and  goodwill  as  a  result  of  changing  business  conditions, 
technological  advancements  or  worse-than-expected  performance,  which  would  adversely  affect  our 
financial results; and 

unknown, underestimated and/or undisclosed commitments, liabilities or issues not discovered in our 
due diligence of such transactions. 

20 

We also in the future may have strategic relationships with other companies, which may decline in value and/or 
not meet desired objectives. The success of these strategic relationships depends on various factors over which we may 
have  limited  or  no  control  and  requires  ongoing  and  effective  cooperation  with  strategic  partners.  Moreover,  these 
relationships are often illiquid, such that it may be difficult or impossible for us to monetize such relationships. 

Our inability to successfully integrate, or realize the expected benefits from, our acquisitions could adversely 
affect  our  results. We  have  made,  and  in  the  future  intend  to  make,  acquisitions  of  other  businesses  and  with  these 
acquisitions there is a risk that integration difficulties may cause us not to realize expected benefits. The success of the 
acquisitions could depend, in part, on our ability to realize the anticipated benefits and cost savings (if any) from combining 
the businesses of the acquired companies and our business, which may take longer to realize than expected. 

Securities laws and regulations, including potential risk resulting from our evaluation of internal controls over 
financial reporting, will continue to impact our results. Complying with the requirements of the federal securities laws 
and  Nasdaq’s  conditions  for  continued  listing  have  imposed  significant  legal  and  financial  compliance  costs,  and  are 
expected to continue to impose significant costs and management burden on us. These rules and regulations also may make 
it  more  expensive  for  us  to  obtain  director  and  officer  liability  insurance,  and  we  may  be  required  to  accept  reduced 
coverage  or  incur  substantially  higher  costs  to  obtain  coverage.  These  rules and  regulations  could  also  make  it  more 
difficult for us to attract and retain qualified executive officers and members of our board of directors, particularly qualified 
members to serve on our audit committee. Further, the rules and regulations under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform 
and Consumer Protection Act, which became effective in 2011, may impose significant costs and management burden on 
us. 

Additionally, because these laws, regulations and standards are expected to be subject to varying interpretations, 
their  application  in  practice  may  evolve  over  time  as  new  guidance  becomes  available.  This  evolution  may  result  in 
continuing  uncertainty  regarding  compliance  matters  and  additional  costs  necessitated  by  ongoing  revisions  to  our 
disclosure and governance practices. 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments. 

Not applicable. 

Item 1C. Cybersecurity. 

Cybersecurity Risk Assessment, Identification and Management 

We are committed to protecting our information technology (“IT”) infrastructure, including computers, systems, 
corporate networks and sensitive data, from unauthorized access or attack. We have established global IT policies as well 
as IT security management control procedures designed to assess, identify, and manage material risks from cybersecurity 
threats by:  
• 

Creating  information  security  awareness  among  our  employees  and  business  partners  and  defining 
responsibilities among them;  
Implementing controls to identify IT risks and monitor the use of our systems and information resources;  
Establishing key policies and processes to adequately and timely respond to security threats;  
Maintaining disaster recovery and business continuity plans; and  
Emphasizing  compliance  with  applicable  laws,  regulations  and  contractual  obligations  regarding  the 
management of information security. 

• 
• 
• 
• 

These  policies  and  controls  procedures  discussed  in  more  detail  below,  are  an  integrated  component  of  our 
enterprise risk management assessment processes. We routinely review and assess our business groups and systems to 
identify and prioritize areas of risk, including cybersecurity risk. The results of these assessments and progress against 
prioritized goals are presented to the board of directors each quarter.  

We have incurred and may in the future incur significant costs in order to implement, maintain, and/or update 
security systems we believe are necessary to protect our IT infrastructure. We deploy technical safeguards that are designed 
to  protect  our  systems  from  cybersecurity  threats,  including  firewalls,  intrusion  prevention,  and  intrusion  detection 
systems. We have established disclosure controls and procedures to address cybersecurity events, which include elements 
relating  to  comprehensive  analysis  of  events  and  communication  within  the  company,  as  well  as  addressing  potential 
disclosure obligations arising from security breaches.  

21 

 
 
We  have  partnered  with  third  parties  to  support  our  information  security  systems  and  processes,  and  to  help 
design, build, test, implement and maintain them. Annual risk assessments are conducted by third party consultants to help 
ensure that risks to our IT infrastructure are minimized or eliminated.   

We rely on products and services provided by third parties for portions of our IT infrastructure, including business 
management, operations and finance systems. These providers may also experience breaches and attacks on their products 
which  may  impact  our  systems.  Further  we  may  also  face  additional  cybersecurity  risk  due  to  error  or  intentional 
misconduct by contractors and other third-party service providers related to the use of these systems as part of our IT 
infrastructure. 

We have a third-party security policy in place to identify, manage and oversee the potential material risks from 
threats associated with the use of third-party service providers. We evaluate vendors and consider amongst other factors 
the criticality of services and sensitivity of information that is within the scope of the services to be provided and manage 
risk accordingly. Our internal legal department reviews all IT Service Agreements with input from the IT department to 
ensure that services, terms and conditions in the agreement are suitable. Our IT department performs regular monitoring 
of vendor services as part of its’ on-going review and monitoring of vendors. As part of our policy, we monitor termination 
of agreements with vendors designed to ensure that access to Company information is appropriately terminated in a timely 
manner. Unauthorized network intrusions or other significant information security incidents against third-party systems 
used by the Company internally are handled in the same manner as internal systems. However as described in Part 1. Item 
1A. Risk Factors of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under “Risks Related to the Operation and Growth of Our Business”, 
we have limited insight into the data privacy or security of third-party service providers and our response may be limited 
or more difficult because we may not have direct access to their systems. 

Although we believe we have adequate resources and sufficient policies, procedures, and oversight in place to 
identify and manage IT security risks related to our business operations, there can be no guarantee that our policies and 
procedures  will  be  properly  followed  in  every  instance  or  that  those  policies  and  procedures  will  be  effective.  For  a 
description of the risks from cybersecurity threats that may materially affect the Company and how they may do so, see 
our risk factors under Part 1. Item 1A. Risk Factors in this Annual Report on Form 10-K under “Risks Related to the 
Operation and Growth of Our Business.” 

Management Oversight 

Our IT infrastructure and the assessment and management of associated risks are primarily the responsibility of 
our  Chief  Information  Security  Officer  (“CISO”).  Our  CISO’s  additional  responsibilities  include  hiring  appropriate 
personnel,  helping  to  integrate  cybersecurity  risks  into  the  Company’s  overall  risk  management  strategy,  and 
communicating updates regarding IT/Information security key priorities to relevant personnel including management and 
the board.   

Our CISO has served in that position since 2018. Our CISO has extensive experience serving in executive and 
senior IT leadership positions over the past 25 years including serving at Cavium in a succession of information security 
roles, including Vice President of Business Systems, for eleven years, Vice President of IT Applications at ServiceNow 
for two years, and overseeing worldwide IT Infrastructure, IT Operations and Information Security at Pinnacle Systems 
for eight years. 

We  have  in  place  an  Incident  Response  Procedure  policy  to  define  our  response  to  unauthorized  network 
intrusions or other significant information security incidents, collectively cybersecurity incidents. The policy defines the 
standard operational process to determine if an event observed on a system could have caused a breach of the system or a 
compromise  of  sensitive  data.  This  policy  serves  to  establish  a  formal  process  to  report  incidents  and  track  response 
activities.  It  also  defines  escalation  processes  within  the  Information  Security  team  and  to  our  Cybersecurity  Incident 
Response Team. It is the responsibility of the Cybersecurity Incident Response team to determine if an incident is material. 
The Cybersecurity Incident Response Team consists of members from functional groups across our organization including 
executive  management,  IT,  Information  Security,  legal,  finance  and  operations.  We  may  include  other  individuals, 
including third parties, as appropriate depending on the nature of the incident and system(s) involved. This cross-functional 
group allows us to address the operational impacts of cybersecurity incidents as and when they occur and to guide decisions 
related  to  materiality  and,  if  applicable,  disclosure.  The  Cybersecurity  Incident  Response  Team  is  responsible  for 
extrapolating  cybersecurity  incident  event  information  into  quantitative  and  qualitative  impacts  as  they  relate  to  our 
financial condition and operations. In addition, the Company’s Incident Response Procedure policy includes reporting to 
the board of directors for certain cybersecurity incidents. 

22 

Board Governance  

Our  full  board  of  directors  oversees  our  risk  management  including  but  not  limited  to  IT  and  cybersecurity 
policies,  procedures,  and  risk  assessments.  Our  management  reports  to  our  board  of  directors  on  information  security 
matters on a quarterly basis, or more frequently as needed. 

One of the key functions of our board of directors is informed oversight of our various processes for managing 
risk. An overall review of risk is inherent in our board of directors ongoing consideration of our long-term strategies, 
transactions  and  other  matters  presented  to  and  discussed  by  the  board  of  directors.  This  includes  a  discussion  of  the 
likelihood and potential magnitude of various risks, including cybersecurity risks, and any actions management has taken 
to limit, monitor or control those risks.  

At each quarterly board meeting, the full board receives the quarterly cybersecurity board update that is prepared 
by our CISO. The report provides a comprehensive cybersecurity update for the past quarter, including topics such as 
details  on  threat  landscape,  incident  response,  security  metrics  and  performance,  compliance  and  regulatory  updates, 
cybersecurity  investments  and  budget,  employee  security  awareness  and  trainings,  vendor  risk  management  updates, 
business continuity and disaster recovery updates, and an update on cybersecurity strategy, projects and roadmap. 

Item 2. Properties. 

We own our principal executive, administrative, manufacturing and technical offices which are located in San 
Jose,  California.  We  also  own  an  R&D facility  in  New  Jersey,  a design  center  in Germany  and  a multipurpose office 
building in Switzerland. We lease administrative office space in Singapore, R&D facilities in Canada, United Kingdom, 
the Philippines and Malaysia, in addition to sales offices in various countries around the world to accommodate our sales 
force. We believe that our current facilities are sufficient for our company; however, if headcount increases above capacity 
we may need to lease additional space. 

Item 3. Legal Proceedings. 

Information with respect to this item may be found in Note 13, Legal Proceedings and Contingencies, in our 
Notes to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  included  later  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form 10-K,  which  information  is 
incorporated here by reference. 

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures. 

Not applicable. 

23 

 
 
 
PART II 

Item 5.  Market  for  Registrant’s  Common  Equity,  Related  Stockholder  Matters  and  Issuer  Purchases  of  Equity 
Securities. 

Our common stock trades on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “POWI”. 

As  of  January 31,  2024,  there  were  approximately  60  stockholders  of  record. Because  brokers  and  other 
institutions hold many of our shares on behalf of stockholders, we are unable to estimate the total number of stockholders 
represented by these record holders. 

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 

From time to time our board of directors has authorized the use of funds to repurchase shares of our common 
stock. In October 2022, our board of directors authorized the use of an additional $100.0 million for the repurchase of our 
common stock, with repurchases to be executed according to pre-defined price/volume guidelines. 

As  of  December 31, 2023,  we  had  approximately  $26.0  million  available  for  future  stock  repurchases. 
Authorization of future stock-repurchase programs is at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our 
financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements and business conditions as well as other factors. There is no 
expiration date on the plan or the amount currently authorized. 

The following table summarizes repurchases of our common stock during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023: 

Period 
October 1, 2023 to October 31, 2023 . . . . . . . . .  
November 1, 2023 to November 30, 2023 . . . . .  
December 1, 2023 to December 31, 2023 . . . . .  
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Total Number of 
Shares Purchased 
as Part of

  Approximate Dollar Value
that May Yet be 

  Repurchased Under the

Total
Number of 

Average
Price Paid Publicly Announced  
Shares Purchased   Per Share    Plans or Programs     
69.83
69.63
—

464,903   $ 
215,080   $ 
—   $ 

$
$

464,903
215,080
—
679,983

679,983  

Plans or Program 
(In millions)

41.0
26.0
26.0

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance Graph (1) 

The following graph shows the cumulative total return on an investment of $100 in cash on December 31, 2018, 
through December 31, 2023, in our common stock, the Nasdaq Composite Index and the PHLX Semiconductor Sector 
Index (SOX) and assuming that all dividends were reinvested. The stockholder return shown on the graph below is not 
necessarily  indicative  of  future  performance,  and  we  do  not  make  or  endorse  any  predictions  as  to  future  stockholder 
returns. 

COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN*
Among Power Integrations, Inc., the NASDAQ Composite Index 
and the PHLX Semiconductor Index

$450

$400

$350

$300

$250

$200

$150

$100

$50

$0

12/18

12/19

12/20

12/21

12/22

12/23

NASDAQ Composite

PHLX Semiconductor

Power Integrations, Inc.

*$100 invested on 12/31/18 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends.
Fiscal year ending December 31.

Company/Index 
Power Integrations, Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Nasdaq Composite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PHLX Semiconductor (SOX)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

   12/31/2018    12/31/2019    12/31/2020    12/31/2021     12/31/2022    12/31/2023
280.41
236.17
389.74

311.49  
242.03  
358.37  

 242.66
 163.28
 233.37

163.64
136.69
163.26

100.00
100.00
100.00

272.93
198.10
250.87

(1)  This Section is not “soliciting material,” is not deemed “filed” with the SEC and is not to be incorporated by reference 
in any filing of Power Integrations under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, whether made 
before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any such filing. 

Item 6.  [Reserved] 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. 

This section of this Form 10-K generally discusses 2023 and 2022 items and year-to-year comparisons between 
2023 and 2022. Discussions of 2021 items and year-to-year comparisons between 2022 and 2021 are not included in this 
Form 10-K,  and  can  be  found  in  “Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of 
Operations”  in  Part  II,  Item  7  of  the  Company’s  Annual  Report  on  Form 10-K  for  the  fiscal  year  ended 
December 31, 2022. The following discussion and analysis has been prepared as an aid to understanding our financial 
condition and results of our operations. It should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and 
the notes to those statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-
looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” 
at  the  beginning  of  this  Form 10-K. Our actual  results  could differ  materially  from  those  contained  in  these  forward-
looking statements due to a number of factors, including those discussed in Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” and elsewhere 
in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

Business Overview 

We  design,  develop  and  market  analog  and  mixed-signal  integrated  circuits  (“ICs”)  and  other  electronic 
components and circuitry used in high-voltage power conversion. Our products are used in power converters that convert 
electricity from a high-voltage source to the type of power required for a specified downstream use. In most cases, this 
conversion entails, among other functions, converting alternating current (“AC”) to direct current (“DC”) or vice versa, 
reducing  or  increasing  the  voltage,  and  regulating  the  output  voltage  and/or  current  according  to  the  customer’s 
specifications. 

A large percentage of our products are ICs used in AC-DC power supplies, which convert the high-voltage AC 
from a wall outlet to the low-voltage DC required by most electronic devices. Power supplies incorporating our products 
are  used  with  all  manner  of  electronic  products  including  mobile  phones,  computing  and  networking  equipment, 
appliances, electronic utility meters, battery-powered tools, industrial controls, and “home-automation,” or “internet of 
things” applications such as networked thermostats, power strips and security devices. Variations of our power-supply ICs 
are used for high-voltage power conversion in electric vehicles (“EVs”). We also supply high-voltage LED drivers, which 
are AC-DC ICs specifically designed for lighting applications that utilize light-emitting diodes, and motor-driver ICs for 
brushless DC (“BLDC”) motors used in consumer appliances, HVAC systems, ceiling fans and a variety of industrial 
applications.  

We  also  offer  high-voltage  gate  drivers—either  standalone  ICs  or  circuit  boards  containing  ICs,  electrical 
isolation components and other circuitry—used to operate high-voltage switches such as insulated-gate bipolar transistors 
(“IGBTs”)  and  silicon-carbide  (“SiC”)  MOSFETs.  These  combinations  of  switches  and  drivers  are  used  for  power 
conversion in high-power applications (i.e., power levels ranging from approximately 100 kilowatts up to gigawatts) such 
as industrial motors, solar- and wind-power systems, EVs and high-voltage DC transmission systems. 

Our net revenues were $444.5 million and $651.1 million in 2023 and 2022, respectively. Revenues from all four 
end-market categories decreased in 2023 compared to the prior year. We believe that demand for our products has been 
negatively  affected  by  an  array  of  macroeconomic  and  geopolitical  factors  including  reduced  consumer  spending  in 
response to inflation and higher interest rates, softer housing markets, weaker demand for mobile phones, general economic 
weakness  in  China,  the  conflicts  in Ukraine  and  the Middle  East,  and  a shift  in  consumer  spending toward  travel and 
services following a period of elevated spending on goods during the COVID-19 pandemic. We believe these factors have 
exacerbated the effects of a cyclical downturn in the semiconductor industry; such downturns are commonly experienced 
in  our  industry  following  periods  of  strong  growth  during  which  supply  chain  participants  tend  to  accumulate  excess 
inventories. 

Our top ten customers, including distributors that resell to OEMs and merchant power supply manufacturers, 
accounted for approximately 80% and 76% of net revenues in 2023 and 2022, respectively. International sales represented 
approximately 98% and 96% of net revenues in 2023 and 2022, respectively. 

Our business and financial performance depends significantly on worldwide economic conditions. We face global 
macroeconomic challenges and risks including the effects of the conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East, potential risks 
stemming from tensions between China and Taiwan and between China and Western countries, health crises such as the 
COVID-19 pandemic, volatility in exchange rates, cyclical demand patterns common for our industry, inflation, tariffs 
and other risks associated with the global trade environment. 

Because our industry is intensely price-sensitive, our gross margin (gross profit divided by net revenues) is subject 
to change based on the relative pricing of solutions that compete with ours. Variations in product mix, end-market mix 

26 

and customer mix can also cause our gross margin to fluctuate. Also, because we purchase a large percentage of our silicon 
wafers from foundries located in Japan, our gross margin is influenced by fluctuations in the exchange rate between the 
U.S. dollar and the Japanese yen. All else being equal, a 10% change in the value of the U.S. dollar compared to the 
Japanese yen would eventually result in a corresponding change in our gross margin of approximately 1.5%; this sensitivity 
may increase or decrease depending on the percentage of our wafer supply that we purchase from Japanese suppliers. Also, 
although our wafer fabrication and assembly operations are outsourced, as are most of our test operations, a portion of our 
production costs are fixed in nature. As a result, our unit costs and gross profit margin are impacted by the volume of units 
we produce. 

Our gross profit, defined as net revenues less cost of revenues, was $229.0 million or 52% of net revenues in 2023, 
compared to $366.9 million or 56% of net revenues in 2022. Our gross margin decreased in 2023 due to a combination of 
factors,  including  reduced  production  volumes,  which  impacted  our  manufacturing  costs  per  unit,  as  well  as  a  less 
favorable end-market mix, with a greater percentage of revenues coming from lower-margin end markets and applications.  

Total operating expenses in 2023 were $193.9 million, an increase of $7.4 million as compared to 2022 due to: 
higher stock-based compensation expenses reflecting a lower-than-usual level of such expenses in the prior year; higher 
salary- and benefit-related expenses reflecting annual salary increases and higher costs associated with employee health 
insurance and other benefits. 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates 

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally 
accepted in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that 
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the 
financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, 
we  evaluate  our  estimates,  including  those  listed  below.  We  base  our  estimates  on  historical  facts  and  various  other 
assumptions that we believe to be reasonable at the time the estimates are made. Actual results could differ from those 
estimates. 

Our critical accounting policies are as follows: 
• 
• 

revenue recognition; 
estimating write-downs for excess and obsolete inventory. 

Our critical accounting policies are important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations, 
and require us to make judgments and estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. A brief description of our 
critical  accounting  policies  and  material  estimates  is  set  forth  below.  For  more  information  regarding  our  accounting 
policies, see Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements, in our Notes to 
Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

Revenue recognition 

Product  revenues  consist  of  sales  to  original  equipment  manufacturers,  or  OEMs,  merchant  power  supply 
manufacturers and distributors. We apply the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 606-10, Revenue 
from Contracts with Customers, and all related appropriate guidance. We recognize revenue under the core principle to 
depict the transfer of control to our customers in an amount reflecting the consideration we expect to be entitled. In order 
to  achieve  that  core  principle,  we  apply  the  following  five-step  approach:  (1) identify  the  contract  with  a  customer, 
(2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction 
price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when a performance obligation is satisfied. 

Sales to most distributors are made under terms allowing certain price adjustments and limited rights of return 
(known as “stock rotation”) of our products held in their inventory or upon sale to their end customers. We recognize 
revenue from sales to distributors upon the transfer of control to the distributor. Frequently, distributors need to sell at a 
price lower than the standard distribution price in order to win business. At the time the distributor invoices its customer 
or soon thereafter, the distributor submits a “ship-and-debit” price adjustment claim to us to adjust the distributor’s cost 
from the standard price to the pre-approved lower price. After we verify that the claim was pre-approved, we issue a credit 
memo to the distributor for the ship-and-debit claim. In determining the transaction price, we consider ship-and-debit price 
adjustments to be variable consideration. At the time revenue is recognized on sales to distributors, future ship-and-debit 
price  adjustments  are  unknown  and  therefore  subject  to  uncertainty.  Such  price  adjustments  are  estimated  using  the 
expected-value method based on an analysis of actual ship-and-debit claims, at the distributor and product level, over a 
period  of  time  considered  adequate  to  account  for  current  pricing  and  business  trends.  The  reserve  for  ship-and-debit 

27 

claims decreased by $17.2 million between December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, primarily due to lower inventory 
levels held by distributors. Historically, actual price adjustments for ship-and-debit claims have not materially differed 
from  those  estimated  when  determining  the  transaction  price.  To  the  extent  future  ship-and-debit  claims  significantly 
exceed amounts estimated, there could be a material impact on our revenues and results of operations.  

Stock  rotation  rights  grant  the  distributor  the  ability  to  return  certain  specified  amounts  of  inventory.  Stock 
rotation returns are an additional form of variable consideration and are also estimated using the expected value method 
based on historical return rates. Historically, these distributor stock rotation returns have not been material.  

Estimating write-downs for excess and obsolete inventory 

The bulk of our inventory is held in wafers, which combined with the fungibility of our products across customers 
and applications results in a lower risk of obsolescence. We routinely monitor the quality of our on-hand wafers to ensure 
that performance remains unchanged over time. When evaluating the adequacy of our provision for excess and obsolete 
inventory,  we  identify  excess  and  obsolete  products  and  also  analyze  historical  usage,  forecasted  demand,  current 
economic  trends  and historical  write-offs. This  write-down  is  reflected  as  a  reduction  to  inventory  in  the  consolidated 
balance sheets and an increase in cost of revenues in our consolidated statements of income. If actual market conditions 
are less favorable than our assumptions, we may be required to take additional write-downs, which could adversely impact 
our cost of revenues and operating results. Historically, these write-downs have not been material.  

Results of Operations 

The following table sets forth statement of income data as a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated: 

Net revenues  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cost of revenues  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating expenses: 

Research and development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and marketing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other operating expenses, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total operating expenses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income from operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Income before income taxes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision (benefit) for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 

Year Ended December 31,  
2022 
 100.0 %   
 43.7   
 56.3   

2023 
100.0 %  
48.5
51.5

2021 
100.0 %
48.7
51.3

21.6
14.5
7.5
—
43.6
7.9
2.4
10.3
(2.2)
12.5 %  

 14.4   
 9.6   
 4.4   
 0.2   
 28.6   
 27.7   
 0.5   
 28.2   
 2.0   
 26.2 %   

12.1
8.6
5.7
—
26.4
24.9
0.2
25.1
1.7
23.4 %

Net  revenues.  Net  revenues  consist  of  revenues  from  product  sales,  which  are  calculated  net  of  returns  and 
allowances. Revenues from all four end-market categories decreased in 2023 compared to the prior year. We believe that 
demand for our products has been negatively affected by an array of macroeconomic and geopolitical factors including 
reduced consumer spending in response to inflation and higher interest rates, softer housing markets, weaker demand for 
mobile phones, general economic weakness in China, the conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East, and a shift in consumer 
spending toward travel and services following a period of elevated spending on goods during the COVID-19 pandemic. 
We believe these factors have exacerbated the effects of a cyclical downturn in the semiconductor industry; such downturns 
are commonly experienced in our industry following periods of strong growth during which supply chain participants tend 
to accumulate excess inventories. 

Our approximate net revenue mix by end-markets served in 2023, 2022 and 2021 is as follows: 

End Market 
Communications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Consumer  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2023 

2022 

2021 

29 %  
12 %
27 %
32 %

 21 %   
 10 %   
 33 %   
 36 %   

30 %
10 %
32 %
28 %

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
Sales  to  customers  outside  of  the  United  States  were  $435.9  million  and  $625.6  million  in  2023  and  2022, 
respectively, representing 98% and 96% of net revenues in 2023 and 2022, respectively. Although power supplies using 
our products are designed and distributed worldwide, most of these power supplies are manufactured by our customers in 
Asia. As a result, sales to this region accounted for approximately 84% and 75% of our net revenues in 2023 and 2022, 
respectively. We expect international sales to continue to account for a large portion of our net revenues for the foreseeable 
future. 

Sales to distributors accounted for 69% and 70% of our net revenues in 2023 and 2022, respectively, with direct 
sales to OEMs and merchant power supply manufacturers accounting for the remainder in each of the corresponding years.  

The following customers represented 10% or more of our net revenues for the respective years: 

Customer 
Avnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Honestar Technologies Co., Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Salcomp Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2023 

2022 

2021 

27 %  
18 %  
10 %  

31 %   
11 %   
*  

30 %
16 %
*

* Total customer revenue was less than 10% of net revenues. 

No other customers accounted for 10% or more of net revenues during these years. 

Gross profit. Gross profit is net revenues less cost of revenues. Our cost of revenues consists primarily of the 
purchase of wafers from our contracted foundries, the assembly, packaging and testing of our products by sub-contractors, 
product  testing  performed  in  our  own  facility,  overhead  associated  with  the  management  of  our  supply  chain  and  the 
amortization  of  acquired  intangible  assets.  Gross  margin  is  gross  profit  divided  by  net  revenues.  The  following  table 
compares gross profit and gross margin for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021: 

(dollars in millions) 
Gross profit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2023 
$ 229.0

  Change 

2022 

(37.6)%   $ 366.9   

  Change 

2021 
 1.7 %   $ 360.6

51.5 %

56.3 %   

51.3 %

Our  gross  margin  decreased  in  2023  as  compared  to  2022  due  to  a  combination  of  factors,  including  a  less 
favorable end-market mix, with a greater percentage of revenues coming from lower-margin end markets and applications 
and reduced production volumes, which impacted our manufacturing costs per unit. 

Research  and  development  expenses.  Research  and  development  (“R&D”)  expenses  consist  primarily  of 
employee-related  expenses  including salaries  and  stock-based  compensation,  as well  as  expensed  material  and facility 
costs associated with the development of new processes and products. We also record R&D expenses for prototype wafers 
related to new products until the products are released to production. The following table compares R&D expenses for 
the years ended years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021: 

(dollars in millions) 
R&D expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Headcount (at period end) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

2023
96.1  
282

Change

2022 

  Change 

2.3 %   $

93.9     
310  

 10.6 %   $

2021
84.9
304

R&D  expenses  increased  in  2023  compared  to  2022  primarily  due  to  increased  stock-based  compensation 
expense, higher salaries and related expenses due to annual salary increases and increased equipment-related expenses, 
partially offset by lower product development costs.  

Sales and  marketing  expenses.  Sales  and marketing  (“S&M”)  expenses consist  primarily of  employee-related 
expenses,  including  salaries  and  stock-based  compensation,  and  commissions  to  sales  representatives,  as  well  as 
amortization of acquired intangible assets and facilities expenses, including expenses associated with our regional sales 
and support offices. The following table compares sales and marketing expenses for the years ended December 31, 2023, 
2022 and 2021: 

(dollars in millions) 
Sales and marketing expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Headcount (at period end) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

2023 
64.6
317

  Change 

2022 

  Change 

3.2 %   $

62.6     
320  

 2.9 %   $

2021 
60.8
280

29 

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
S&M  expenses  increased  in  2023  compared  to  2022  primarily  due  to  higher  salaries  and  related  expenses, 
increased travel and trade show expenses, and increased stock-based compensation expense. These increases were partially 
offset by decreased commissions expense. 

General  and  administrative  expenses.  General  and  administrative  (“G&A”)  expenses  consist  primarily  of 
employee-related expenses, including salaries and stock-based compensation expenses for administration, finance, human 
resources and general management, as well as consulting, professional services, legal and auditing expenses. The table 
below compares G&A expenses for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021: 

(dollars in millions) 
G&A expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Headcount (at period end) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

2023 
33.2  
79

  Change 

2022 

  Change 

15.0 %   $

28.9     
72  

 (27.5)%   $

2021 
39.8
70

G&A  expenses  increased  in  2023  primarily  due  to  higher  salaries  and  related  expenses  driven  by  increased 
headcount and increased stock-based compensation expense related to performance-based awards. These increases were 
partially offset by recovery of bad debt and lower professional services expenses.   

Other  operating  expenses,  net.  Other  operating  expenses,  net  was  $1.1  million  in  fiscal  2022.  This  amount 
consisted of a $2.9 million expense resulting from the settlement of our litigation with Opticurrent LLC on May 16, 2022, 
in which we agreed to pay Opticurrent $2.9 million to end all outstanding legal disputes, partially offset by receipt of a 
$1.7 million distribution related to the bankruptcy liquidation of SemiSouth Laboratories, Inc., of which we were a creditor 
as a result of investments made in SemiSouth in 2011. 

Other  income.  Other  income  consists  primarily  of  interest  income  earned  on  cash  and  cash  equivalents, 
marketable  securities  and  other  investments,  and  the  impact  of  foreign  exchange  gains  or  losses.  The  following  table 
compares other income for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021: 

(dollars in millions) 
Other income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2023 
10.8

$

Change 
259.9 %   $

2022 

  Change 

3.0     

 179.9 %   $

2021 
1.1

Other income increased in 2023 due primarily to an increase in interest income resulting from higher yields earned 

on our investments.  

Provision (benefit) for income taxes. Provision for income taxes represents federal, state and foreign taxes. The 

following table compares the provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021: 

(dollars in millions) 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Effective tax rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

2023 
(9.8)
(21.4)%

Change 
(178.2)%   $

2022 
12.6  
6.9 %   

  Change 

 7.3 %   $

2021 
11.7

6.7 %

In 2023 and 2022, the effective tax rate was lower than the statutory U.S. federal income-tax rates of 21% due to 
the geographic distribution of our world-wide earnings in lower tax jurisdictions, the impact of federal research tax credits 
and  the  recognition  of  excess  tax  benefits  related  to  share-based  compensation.  Additionally,  in  2023  and  2022,  our 
effective  tax  rate  was  favorably  impacted  by  the  geographic  distribution  of  our  world-wide  earnings  in  lower-tax 
jurisdictions and federal research tax credits. In 2023, the rate was further favorably impacted by the release of $7.6 million 
of reserves related to federal uncertain tax positions as the statute of limitations for review of these positions expired. 
These benefits were partially offset by U.S. tax on foreign income, known as global intangible low-taxed income. The 
primary jurisdiction from which our foreign earnings are derived is the Cayman Islands, which is a non-taxing jurisdiction. 
Income earned in other foreign jurisdictions was not material. We have not been granted any incentivized tax rates and do 
not operate under tax holidays in any jurisdiction. For additional details, refer to Note 11, Provision for Income Taxes, in 
our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

We  had  $311.6  million  in  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  marketable  securities  at  December 31, 2023 
compared to $353.8 million at December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, we had working capital, defined 
as current assets less current liabilities, of approximately $462.7 million and $466.7 million, respectively. 

We  have  a  Credit  Agreement  with  Wells  Fargo  Bank,  National  Association  (the  "Credit  Agreement")  that 
provides us with a $75.0 million revolving line of credit to use for general corporate purposes with a $20.0 million sub-
limit for the issuance of standby and trade letters of credit. The Credit Agreement was amended on June 7, 2021, to provide 
an  alternate  borrowing  rate  as  a  replacement  for  LIBOR  and  extend  the  termination  date  from  April 30,  2022  to 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
June 7, 2026,  with  all  other  terms  remaining  the  same.  The  Credit  Agreement  was  amended  with  an  effective  date  of 
June 28, 2023 to include the Secured Overnight Financing Rates (“SOFR”) as interest rate benchmark rates, with all other 
terms remaining the same. Our ability to borrow under the revolving line of credit is conditioned upon our compliance 
with specified covenants, including reporting and financial covenants, primarily a minimum liquidity measure and a debt 
to  earnings  ratio,  with  which  we  are  currently  in  compliance.  The  Credit  Agreement  terminates  on  June 7,  2026;  all 
advances  under  the  revolving  line  of  credit  will  become  due  on  such  date,  or  earlier  in  the  event  of  a  default.  As  of 
December 31, 2023 and 2022, we had no advances outstanding under the Credit Agreement. 

Cash from Operating Activities 

Our operating activities generated cash of $65.8 million and $215.3 million in the years ended December 31, 2023 

and 2022, respectively. We generate cash primarily from operating activities in the ordinary course of business. 

In 2023, our net income was $55.7 million, we also incurred $35.2 million of depreciation, $28.5 million of stock-
based compensation and $2.2 million of intangibles amortization partially offset by a $9.2 million increase in deferred 
income taxes. Sources of cash also included a $6.6 million decrease in accounts receivable. These sources of cash were 
partially offset by a $27.7 million increase in inventories due to softening demand during the year, a $18.2 million decrease 
in taxes payable and accrued liabilities, a $5.4 million decrease in accounts payable (excluding payables related to property 
and equipment) due to timing of payments and a $1.2 million increase in prepaid expenses and other assets. 

In 2022, our net income was $170.9 million, which included non-cash expenses of $34.9 million of depreciation, 
$22.4  million  of  stock-based  compensation,  $3.3  million  for  amortization  of  premium  on  marketable  securities,  $2.4 
million of intangibles amortization and a $2.6 million decrease in deferred income taxes. Sources of cash also included a 
$19.9 million decrease in accounts receivable and a $7.3 million decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets. These 
sources of cash were partially offset by a $36.2 million increase in inventories due to softening demand during the year 
and a $3.8 million decrease in accounts payable (excluding payables related to property and equipment) due to timing of 
payments and a $5.2 million decrease in taxes payable and accrued liabilities. 

Cash from Investing Activities 

Our  investing  activities  in  the year  ended  December 31, 2023  resulted  in  a  $14.2  million  net  use  of  cash, 
consisting primarily of $20.9 million for purchases of property and equipment, primarily production-related machinery 
and equipment, partially offset by $6.7 million from sales and maturities of marketable securities, net of purchases.  

Our  investing  activities  in  the year  ended  December 31, 2022  generated  $78.3  million  of  cash,  consisting 
primarily of $116.3 million from sales and maturities of marketable securities, net of purchases, and proceeds of $1.2 
million from the sale of an office building, partially offset by $39.2 million for purchases of property and equipment, 
primarily production-related machinery and equipment. 

Cash from Financing Activities 

Our  financing  activities  in  the year  ended  December 31, 2023,  resulted  in  a  $93.0  million  net  use  of  cash. 
Financing activities consisted primarily of $55.3 million for the repurchase of our common stock and $44.0 million for the 
payment of dividends to stockholders, partially offset by proceeds of $6.2 million from the issuance of common stock 
through our employee stock purchase plan. 

Our  financing  activities  in  the year  ended  December 31, 2022,  resulted  in  a  $346.4  million  net  use  of  cash. 
Financing activities consisted primarily of $311.1 million for the repurchase of our common stock and $41.5 million for 
the payment of dividends to stockholders, partially offset by proceeds of $6.2 million from the issuance of common stock, 
including the exercise of employee stock options and issuance of shares through our employee stock purchase plan. 

Dividends 

In January 2022, our board of directors declared dividends of $0.18 per share to be paid to stockholders of record 

at the end of each quarter in 2022.  

In February 2023, our board of directors raised the cash dividend with the declaration of four cash dividends of 
$0.19 per share to be paid to stockholders of record at the end of each quarter in 2023. In October 2023, our board of 
directors raised the cash dividend with the declaration of five cash dividends of $0.20 per share to be paid to stockholders 
of record at the end of the fourth quarter in 2023 (in lieu of the $0.19 per share announced in February 2023) and at the 
end of each quarter in 2024. 

31 

The declaration of any future cash dividend is at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our 
financial  condition,  results  of  operations,  capital  requirements,  business  conditions  and  other  factors,  as  well  as  a 
determination that cash dividends are in the best interest of our stockholders.  

Stock Repurchases 

Over the years our board of directors has authorized the use of funds to repurchase shares of our common stock, 
including $100.0 million in January 2022, $50.0 million in February 2022, $75.0 million in April 2022 and $100.0 million 
in  October 2022  with  repurchases  to  be  executed  according  to  pre-defined  price/volume  guidelines.  In 2022,  we 
repurchased 3.8 million shares for $311.1 million, leaving $81.3 million in funds authorized as of December 31, 2022. 
In 2023,  we  repurchased  0.8  million  shares  for  $55.3  million,  leaving  $26.0  million  in  funds  authorized  as  of 
December 31, 2023.  

Authorization of future stock repurchase programs is at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend 

on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements and business conditions as well as other factors. 

Capital Expenditures 

Cash paid for property and equipment in the year ended December 31, 2023 was $20.9 million. We expect capital 
expenditures in fiscal 2024 to be primarily for machinery and equipment for use in the manufacture of our products to 
support future growth. We expect to fund these capital expenditures with cash on hand as well as cash provided by future 
operations.  

Other Information 

Our cash, cash equivalents and investment balances may change in future periods due to changes in our planned 
cash outlays, including changes in incremental costs such as direct and integration costs related to future acquisitions. The 
Tax Act signed into law on December 22, 2017 generally allows companies to repatriate accumulated foreign earnings 
without 
taxes  beginning  after  December 31, 2017.  Accordingly,  as  of 
December 31, 2023, our worldwide cash and marketable securities are available to fund capital allocation needs, including 
capital and internal investments, acquisitions, stock repurchases and/or dividends without incurring significant U.S. federal 
income taxes. 

incurring  additional  U.S. 

federal 

If our operating results deteriorate in future periods, either as a result of a decrease in customer demand or pricing 
pressures from our customers or our competitors, or for other reasons, our ability to generate positive cash flow from 
operations may be jeopardized. In that case, we may be forced to use our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, 
use  our  current  financing  or  seek  additional  financing  from  third  parties  to  fund  our  operations.  We  believe  that  cash 
generated from operations, together with existing sources of liquidity, will satisfy our projected working capital and other 
cash requirements  for  at  least  the  next 12 months. Our uses  of cash beyond  the  next 12  months will  depend on  many 
factors,  including  the  general  economic  environment  in  which  we  operate  and  our  ability  to  generate  cash  flow  from 
operations, which are uncertain but include funding our operations and additional capital expenditures. 

Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements 

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, we did not have any off-balance-sheet arrangements or relationships with 
unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose 
entities, which are typically established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance-sheet arrangements or other contractually 
narrow or limited purposes. 

32 

Contractual Obligations 

As of December 31, 2023, we had the following non-cancelable contractual obligations: 

Payments Due by Period 

(In thousands) 
Operating lease obligations(1)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase obligations(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total 

11,239
41,585

$
$

Less than 1
Year 

$
$

3,168
41,585

     1 - 3 Years      4 - 5 Years     Over 5 Years
243
—

 2,211   $
 —   $

5,617   $ 
—   $ 

$
$

(1)  Operating lease obligations represent undiscounted non-cancelable remaining lease payments. 
(2)  Purchase  obligations  represent commitments to our  suppliers and  other  parties  for  the  purchases  of  goods  and  services,  which 
primarily consist of wafer and other inventory purchases, assembly and other manufacturing services, and purchases of property 
and equipment. 

In addition to operating lease and purchase obligations, we have a contractual obligation related to income tax as 
of December 31, 2023, which  primarily  comprises  unrecognized  tax benefits  of  approximately $16.4  million,  and was 
classified  as  contra  deferred  tax  assets  or  long-term  income  taxes  payable  in  our  consolidated  balance  sheet.  As  of 
December 31, 2023 we also had approximately $1.7 million classified as long-term income taxes payable related to the 
estimated one-time transition tax from the enactment of the Tax Act which will be payable in three remaining annual 
installments. We believe that cash generated from operations, together with existing sources of liquidity, will satisfy the 
cash requirements for these contractual obligations. 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements 

For recently issued accounting announcements, see “Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements” in Note 2, 
Significant  Accounting  Policies  and  Recent  Accounting  Pronouncements,  in  our  Notes to  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. 

Interest Rate Risk. Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment 
portfolio. We consider cash invested in highly liquid financial instruments with a remaining maturity of three months or 
less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Investments in highly liquid financial instruments with maturities greater 
than three months are classified as short-term investments. We generally hold securities until maturity; however, they may 
be sold under certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, when necessary for the funding of acquisitions and other 
strategic investments. As a result of this policy, we classify our investment portfolio as available-for-sale. We invest in 
high-credit quality issuers and, by policy, limit the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. As stated in our policy, 
we seek to ensure the safety and preservation of our invested principal funds by limiting default risk, market risk and 
reinvestment  risk.  We  mitigate  default  risk  by  investing  in  safe  and  high-credit  quality  securities  and  by  constantly 
positioning our portfolio to respond appropriately to a significant reduction in a credit rating of any investment issuer, 
guarantor  or  depository.  The  portfolio  includes  only  marketable  securities  with  active  secondary  or  resale  markets  to 
facilitate  portfolio  liquidity.  At  December 31, 2023  and  2022,  we  held  primarily  cash  equivalents  and  short-term 
investments with fixed interest rates. We do not hold any instruments for trading purposes. 

Our investment securities are subject to market interest rate risk and will vary in value as market interest rates 
fluctuate.  To  minimize  market  risk,  we  invest  in  high-credit  quality  issuers  and,  by  policy,  limit  the  amount  of  credit 
exposure to any one issuer, and therefore if market interest rates were to increase or decrease by 10% from interest rates 
as of December 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022, the increase or decrease in the fair market value of our portfolio on these 
dates would not have been material. We monitor our investments for impairment on a periodic basis. Refer to Note 5, 
Marketable  Securities,  in  our  Notes to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form 10-K,  for  a 
tabular presentation of our available-for-sale investments and the expected maturity dates. 

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk. As of December 31, 2023, our primary transactional currency was the U.S. 
dollar; in addition, we hold cash in Swiss francs and euros to fund the operation of our Swiss subsidiary. Cash balances 
held in foreign countries are subject to local banking laws and may bear higher or lower risk than cash deposited in the 
United States. The following represents the potential impact on our pretax income from a change in the value of the U.S. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
dollar compared to the Swiss franc and euro as of December 31, 2023. This sensitivity analysis applies a change in the 
U.S. dollar value of 5% and 10%. 

(in thousands of USD) 
Swiss franc and euro foreign exchange impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

December 31, 2023
10%
5% 

$ 

 125  

$

250

The foreign exchange rate fluctuation between the U.S. dollar versus the Swiss franc and euro is recorded in other 

income in our consolidated statements of income. 

We have R&D and sales offices in various other foreign countries in which our expenses are denominated in the 
local currency, primary Asia and Western Europe. From time to time we may enter into foreign currency hedging contracts 
to  hedge  certain  foreign  currency  transactions.  As  of  December 31, 2023  and  2022,  we  did  not  have  an  open  foreign 
currency hedge program utilizing foreign currency forward exchange contracts. 

With two of our major suppliers, Seiko Epson Corporation (“Epson”) and ROHM Lapis Semiconductor Co., Ltd. 
(“Lapis”) we have wafer supply agreements based in U.S. dollars; however, our agreements with Epson and Lapis also 
allow  for  mutual  sharing  of  the  impact  of  the  exchange  rate  fluctuation  between  Japanese  yen  and  the  U.S.  dollar. 
Each year, our management and these suppliers review and negotiate pricing; the negotiated pricing is denominated in 
U.S. dollars but is subject to contractual exchange rate provisions. The fluctuation in the exchange rate is shared equally 
between us and each of these suppliers. 

Nevertheless,  as  a  result  of  our  above-mentioned  supplier  agreements,  our  gross  margin  is  influenced  by 
fluctuations in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Japanese yen. All else being equal, a 10% change in the 
value of the U.S. dollar compared to the Japanese yen would eventually result in a corresponding change in our gross 
margin of approximately 1.5%; this sensitivity may increase or decrease depending on the percentage of our wafer supply 
that  we  purchase  from  some  of  our  Japanese  suppliers  and  could  subject  our  gross  profit  and  operating  results  to  the 
potential for material fluctuations. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Power Integrations, Inc. 

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Power  Integrations,  Inc.  and  subsidiaries  (the 
"Company") as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, 
stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and the related 
notes and schedules listed in the Index at Item 8 (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the 
financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 
and  2022,  and  the  results  of  its  operations  and  its  cash  flows  for  each  of  the  three  years  in  the  period  ended 
December 31, 2023, in conformity with the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

We  have  also  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United 
States) (“PCAOB”), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria 
established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of 
the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 12, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's 
internal control over financial reporting. 

Basis for Opinion 

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion 
on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB 
and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and 
the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We  conducted  our  audits  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  PCAOB.  Those  standards  require  that  we  plan  and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, 
whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of 
the  financial  statements,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing  procedures  that  respond  to  those  risks.  Such 
procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. 
Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well 
as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for 
our opinion. 

Critical Audit Matters 

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements 
that  was  communicated  or  required  to  be  communicated  to  the  audit  committee  and  that  (1) relates  to  accounts  or 
disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex 
judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, 
taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the 
critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates. 

Inventories – Provision for Excess and Obsolete Inventory – Refer to Notes 2 and 3 to the financial statements 

Critical Audit Matter Description 

The Company's inventories are recorded at standard cost, which approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis, not 
in  excess of  net  realizable  value.  The  Company routinely  evaluates quantities  and values of  inventories  and  records a 
provision for excess and obsolete inventories to reduce its recorded inventory balance to its estimated net realizable value. 
Management’s assumptions regarding the inventory quantities considered to be excess and obsolete are determined by 
analyzing historical usage, demand forecasts, current economic trends, and historical write-offs.  

We identified the determination of excess and obsolete inventory within work-in-process and finished goods inventory as 
a critical audit matter due to the significant assumptions made by management when determining the excess and obsolete 
inventory quantities and the resulting provision. This required a high degree of auditor judgement and an increased extent 

35 

of effort when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s excess and obsolete provision 
for work-in-process and finished goods inventory. 

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit 

Our  audit  procedures  related  to management’s  assumptions  used  in  determining  the  excess  and  obsolete  provision  for 
work-in-process and finished goods inventory included the following, among others: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

We tested the effectiveness of the control over the determination of the provision for excess and obsolete 
inventories, including work-in-process and finished goods inventory. 
We  selected  a  sample  of  products  from  work-in-process  and  finished  goods  inventory  as  of 
December 31, 2022, and evaluated management's ability to accurately estimate forecasted demand by 
comparing the respective products usage for the year ended December 31, 2023, to estimates made in 
the prior year.  
We selected a sample of products from work-in-process and finished goods inventory and evaluated the 
reasonableness  of  management's  provision  for  work-in-process  and  finished  goods  inventory  by 
considering  recent  usage,  historical  usage,  contracts  and  communications  with  customers,  expected 
product lifecycles, macroeconomic conditions, and inquiries with sales personnel. 
We considered the existence of contradictory evidence based on reading of internal communications to 
management  and  the  board of  directors,  Company press  releases, and  analyst  reports, as  well  as  our 
observations and inquiries as to changes within the business. 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP 

San Jose, California 
February 12, 2024 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2005. 

36 

 
 
 
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC. 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 

December 31,  
2023 

      December 31,  

2022 

(in thousands) 
ASSETS 
CURRENT ASSETS: 

Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Short-term marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounts receivable, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prepaid expenses and other current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total current assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, net  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GOODWILL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DEFERRED TAX ASSETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OTHER ASSETS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES: 

Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accrued payroll and related expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Taxes payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other accrued liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total current liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LONG-TERM INCOME TAXES PAYABLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OTHER LIABILITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Notes 11, 12 and 13)
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY: 

Common stock, $0.001 par value 
Authorized - 140,000 shares 
Outstanding - 56,738 and 56,961 shares in 2023 and 2022, respectively . . . . . .
Additional paid-in capital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accumulated other comprehensive loss  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

$

$

 63,929   $ 
 247,640  
 14,674  
 163,164  
 22,193  
 511,600  
 164,213  
 4,424  
 91,849  
 28,325  
 19,457  
 819,868   $ 

 26,390   $ 
 13,551  
 1,016  
 7,910  
 48,867  
 6,244  
 12,516  
 67,627  

105,372
248,441
20,836
135,420
15,004
525,073
176,681
6,597
91,849
19,034
20,862
840,096

30,088
14,778
938
12,572
58,376
15,757
10,747
84,880

 23  
 —  
 (1,462) 
 753,680  
 752,241  
 819,868   $ 

24
—
(7,344)
762,536
755,216
840,096

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

37 

 
 
 
 
    
    
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC. 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME 

(In thousands, except per share amounts) 
NET REVENUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
COST OF REVENUES  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GROSS PROFIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

OPERATING EXPENSES: 

Research and development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General and administrative  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other operating expenses, net  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total operating expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
OTHER INCOME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PROVISION (BENEFIT) FOR INCOME TAXES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
NET INCOME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

EARNINGS PER SHARE: 

Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2023 
$ 444,538
215,582
228,956

Year Ended December 31,  
2022 

2021 

$   651,138   $ 703,277
342,638
360,639

 284,231  
 366,907  

—  

96,067
64,598
33,232

193,897
35,059
10,848
45,907
(9,828)
55,735

 93,894  
 62,574  
 28,897  
 1,130  
 186,495  
 180,412  
 3,014  
 183,426  
 12,575  

84,933
60,808
39,840
—
185,581
175,058
1,077
176,135
11,722
$   170,851   $ 164,413

0.97
0.97

$ 
$ 

 2.96   $
 2.93   $

2.73
2.67

$

$
$

SHARES USED IN PER SHARE CALCULATION:

Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

57,195
57,622

 57,801  
 58,371  

60,327
61,467

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
    
 
     
    
  
  
 
   
 
 
  
   
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC. 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

(In thousands) 
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of $0 tax in 2023, 2022 and 

2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of $0 tax in 2023, 2022 
and 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unrealized actuarial gain on pension benefits, net of tax of ($130), ($271) 

Year Ended December 31,  
2022 

2023 

$ 55,735   $  170,851 

2021 
$ 164,413

(420) 

 (985)

(486)

5,579  

 (4,158)

(2,055)

and ($334) in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total other comprehensive income (loss)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

723  
5,882  

 1,536 
 (3,607)
$ 61,617   $  167,244 

967
(1,574)
$ 162,839

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
    
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC. 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

(In thousands) 
BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Issuance of common stock under employee stock 

option and stock award plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repurchase of common stock  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Issuance of common stock under employee stock 

purchase plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stock-based compensation expense related to 

employee stock awards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stock-based compensation expense related to 

employee stock purchases  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payment of dividends to stockholders . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unrealized actuarial gain on pension benefits . . . . . .
Unrealized loss on marketable securities . . . . . . . . . .
Foreign currency translation adjustment . . . . . . . . . .
Net income  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . .
Issuance of common stock under employee stock 

option and stock award plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repurchase of common stock  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Issuance of common stock under employee stock 

purchase plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stock-based compensation expense related to 

employee stock awards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stock-based compensation expense related to 

employee stock purchases  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payment of dividends to stockholders . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unrealized actuarial gain on pension benefits . . . . . .
Unrealized loss on marketable securities . . . . . . . . . .
Foreign currency translation adjustment . . . . . . . . . .
Net income  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . .
Issuance of common stock under employee stock 

option and stock award plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repurchase of common stock  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Issuance of common stock under employee stock 

purchase plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stock-based compensation expense related to 

employee stock awards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Stock-based compensation expense related to 

employee stock purchases  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payment of dividends to stockholders . . . . . . . . . . . .
Unrealized actuarial gain on pension benefits . . . . . .
Unrealized gain on marketable securities  . . . . . . . . .
Foreign currency translation adjustment . . . . . . . . . .
Net income  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . .

Common Stock 
   Shares    Amount  

59,910

$

28

  Additional
Paid-In 
Capital 
$ 190,920

     Accumulated        
Other 

  Comprehensive   Retained 

Loss 

   Earnings    

$

(2,163)  $  621,626  $

Total 
  Stockholders’
Equity 
810,411

780
(878)

101

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
59,913

—
(1)

1,644
(73,937)

1

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
28

6,065

35,647

1,962
—
—
—
—
—
162,301

 —  
 —  

 —  

 —  

 — 
 — 

 — 

 — 

 —  
 —  
967  
(2,055) 
(486) 
 —  
(3,737) 

 — 
 (32,599)
 — 
 — 
 — 
    164,413 
    753,440 

1,644
(73,938)

6,066

35,647

1,962
(32,599)
967
(2,055)
(486)
164,413
912,032

731
(3,770)

—
(4)

257
(190,827)

 —  
 —  

 — 
   (120,263)

257
(311,094)

87

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
56,961

—

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
24

5,905

20,494

1,870
—
—
—
—
—
—

476
(784)

—
(1)

—
(34,765)

85

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
56,738

$

—

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
23

6,237

26,624

1,904
—
—
—
—
—
— $

$

 —  

 —  

 — 

 — 

 —  
 —  
1,536  
(4,158) 
(985) 
 —  
(7,344) 

 — 
 (41,492)
 — 
 — 
 — 
    170,851 
    762,536 

 —  
 —  

 —  

 —  

 —  
 —  
723  
5,579  
(420) 
 —  

 — 
 (20,583)

 — 

 — 

 — 
 (44,008)
 — 
 — 
 — 
 55,735 

(1,462)  $  753,680  $

5,905

20,494

1,870
(41,492)
1,536
(4,158)
(985)
170,851
755,216

—
(55,349)

6,237

26,624

1,904
(44,008)
723
5,579
(420)
55,735
752,241

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
      
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC. 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

(In thousands) 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amortization of intangibles  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Loss on disposal of property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock-based compensation expense  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Amortization of premium (accretion of discount) on marketable securities . . . . . . . .
Deferred income taxes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Increase (decrease) in accounts receivable allowance for credit losses. . . . . . . . . . . .
Change in operating assets and liabilities: 

Accounts receivable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inventories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Prepaid expenses and other assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accounts payable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Taxes payable and accrued liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net cash provided by operating activities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Purchases of property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchases of marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

Issuance of common stock under employee stock plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Repurchase of common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Payments of dividends to stockholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net cash used in financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD . . . . . . . . . . . .
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES: 
Unpaid property and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:

Cash paid for income taxes, net  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Year Ended December 31,  
2022 

2021 

2023 

$

55,735   $ 

 170,851   $

164,413

35,203  
2,173  
100  
28,528  
(351) 
(9,247) 
(454) 

6,616  
(27,744) 
(1,183) 
(5,435) 
(18,182) 
65,759  

(20,884) 
—  
(191,211) 
197,942  
(14,153) 

6,237  
(55,278) 
(44,008) 
(93,049) 

(41,443) 
105,372  

$

63,929   $ 

 34,930  
 2,415  
 1,371  
 22,364  
 3,292  
 (2,566) 
 690  

 19,867  
 (36,154) 
 7,343  
 (3,836) 
 (5,224) 
 215,343  

 (39,211) 
 1,202  
 (55,820) 
 172,165  
 78,336  

 6,162  
 (311,094) 
 (41,492) 
 (346,424) 

31,454
3,494
3,105
37,609
1,590
(13,240)
18

(5,501)
3,612
4,326
4,067
(4,079)
230,868

(47,272)
35
(554,018)
368,457
(232,798)

7,710
(73,938)
(32,599)
(98,827)

 (52,745) 
 158,117  
 105,372   $

(100,757)
258,874
158,117

$

$

2,747   $ 

 1,082   $

10,879

13,769   $ 

 17,880   $

25,644

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

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POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC. 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

1. THE COMPANY: 

Power Integrations, Inc. (“Power Integrations” or the “Company”), incorporated in California on March 25, 1988, 
and reincorporated in Delaware in December 1997, designs, develops, manufactures and markets analog and mixed-signal 
integrated  circuits  (“ICs”)  and  other  electronic  components  and  circuitry  used  in  high-voltage  power  conversion.  The 
Company’s products are used in power converters that convert electricity from a high-voltage source to the type of power 
required  for  a  specified  downstream  use.  In  most  cases,  this  conversion  entails,  among  other  functions,  converting 
alternating current (“AC”) to direct current (“DC”) or vice versa, reducing or increasing the voltage, and regulating the 
output voltage and/or current according to the customer’s specifications. 

A large percentage of the Company’s products are ICs used in AC-DC power supplies, which convert the high-
voltage AC from a wall outlet to the low-voltage DC required by most electronic devices. Power supplies incorporating 
the  Company’s  products  are  used  with  all  manner  of  electronic  products  including  mobile  phones,  computing  and 
networking  equipment,  appliances,  electronic  utility  meters,  battery-powered  tools,  industrial  controls,  and  “home-
automation,”  or  “internet  of  things”  applications  such  as  networked  thermostats,  power  strips  and  other  building-
automation and security devices. The Company also supplies high-voltage LED drivers, which are AC-DC ICs specifically 
designed for lighting applications that utilize light-emitting diodes, and motor-drivers ICs for brushless DC (“BLDC”) 
motors used in consumer appliances, HVAC systems, ceiling fans and a variety of industrial applications. The Company 
also  offers  high-voltage  gate  drivers—either  standalone  ICs  or  circuit  boards  containing  ICs,  electrical  isolation 
components  and  other  circuitry—used  to  operate  high-voltage  switches  such  as  insulated-gate  bipolar  transistors 
(“IGBTs”)  and  silicon-carbide  (“SiC”)  MOSFETs.  These  combinations  of  switches  and  drivers  are  used  for  power 
conversion in high-power applications (i.e., power levels ranging from approximately 100 kilowatts up to gigawatts) such 
as industrial motors, solar- and wind-power systems, electric vehicles and high-voltage DC transmission systems. 

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS: 

Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates 

Segment Reporting 

The Company is organized and operates as one reportable segment, the design, development, manufacture and 
marketing of integrated circuits and related components for use primarily in the high-voltage power conversion markets. 
The Company’s chief operating decision maker, the Chief Executive Officer, reviews financial information presented on 
a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. 

Principles of Consolidation 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries 

after elimination of all intercompany transactions and balances. 

Estimates 

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  U.S.  Generally  Accepted  Accounting  Principles 
(“GAAP”)  requires  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and 
liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts 
of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. On an ongoing 
basis, the Company evaluates its estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, allowances for receivables, 
inventories, litigation and income taxes. These estimates are based on historical facts and various other factors, which the 
Company believes to be reasonable at the time the estimates are made. However, as the effects of future events cannot be 
determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from management’s estimates. 

Revenue Recognition 

The  Company  applies  the  provisions  of  Accounting  Standards  Codification  (“ASC”)  606-10,  Revenue  from 
Contracts with Customers, and all related appropriate guidance. The Company recognizes revenue under the core principle 
to depict the transfer of control to the Company’s customers in an amount reflecting the consideration the Company expects 
to be entitled. In order to achieve that core principle, the Company applies the following five-step approach: (1) identify 
the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, 

42 

 
 
(4) allocate  the  transaction  price  to  the  performance  obligations  in  the  contract,  and  (5) recognize  revenue  when  a 
performance obligation is satisfied. 

Product  revenues  consist  of  sales  to  original  equipment  manufacturers,  or  OEMs,  merchant  power  supply 
manufacturers and distributors. The Company considers customer purchase orders, which in some cases are governed by 
master sales agreements, to be the contracts with a customer. In situations where sales are to a distributor, the Company 
has concluded that its contracts are with the distributor as the Company holds a contract bearing enforceable rights and 
obligations only with the distributor. As part of its consideration of the contract, the Company evaluates certain factors 
including the customer’s ability to pay (or credit risk). For each contract, the Company considers the promise to transfer 
products, each of which is distinct, to be the identified performance obligations. In determining the transaction price the 
Company evaluates whether the price is subject to refund or adjustment to determine the net consideration to which the 
Company  expects  to  be  entitled.  As  the  Company’s  standard  payment  terms  are  less  than  one year,  the  Company  has 
elected  the  practical  expedient  under  ASC  606-10-32-18  to  not  assess  whether  a  contract  has  a  significant  financing 
component. The Company allocates the transaction price to each distinct product based on their relative standalone selling 
price. The product price as specified on the purchase order is considered the standalone selling price as it is an observable 
input which depicts the price as if sold to a similar customer in similar circumstances. Revenue is recognized when control 
of the product is transferred to the customer (i.e., when the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied), which typically 
occurs at shipment. Further, in determining whether control has transferred, the Company considers if there is a present 
right to payment and legal title, along with risks and rewards of ownership having transferred to the customer. 

Frequently, the Company receives orders for products to be delivered over multiple dates that may extend across 
several  reporting  periods.  The  Company  invoices  for  each  delivery  upon  shipment  and  recognizes  revenues  for  each 
distinct product delivered, assuming transfer of control has occurred. As scheduled delivery dates are within one year, 
under the optional exemption provided by ASC 606-10-50-14 revenues allocated to future shipments of partially completed 
contracts are not disclosed. The Company has also elected the practical expedient under ASC 340-40-25-4 to expense 
commissions  when  incurred  as  the  amortization  period  of  the  commission  asset  the  Company  would  have  otherwise 
recognized is less than one year. 

Sales to international customers that are shipped from the Company’s facility outside of the United States are 
pursuant  to  EX  Works,  or  EXW,  shipping  terms,  meaning  that  control  of  the  product  transfers  to  the  customer  upon 
shipment from the Company’s foreign warehouse. Sales to international customers that are shipped from the Company’s 
facility in California are pursuant to Delivered at Frontier, or DAF, shipping terms. As such, control of the product passes 
to  the  customer  when  the  shipment  reaches  the  destination  country  and  revenue  is  recognized  upon  the  arrival  of  the 
product in that country. Shipments to customers in the Americas are pursuant to Free on Board, or FOB, point of origin 
shipping terms meaning that control is passed to the customer upon shipment. 

Sales to most distributors are made under terms allowing certain price adjustments and limited rights of return 
(known as “stock rotation”) of the Company’s products held in their inventory or upon sale to their end customers. Revenue 
from sales to distributors is recognized upon the transfer of control to the distributor. Frequently, distributors need to sell 
at a price lower than the standard distribution price in order to win business. At the time the distributor invoices its customer 
or  soon  thereafter,  the  distributor  submits  a  “ship-and-debit”  price  adjustment  claim  to  the  Company  to  adjust  the 
distributor’s cost from the standard price to the pre-approved lower price. After the Company verifies that the claim was 
pre-approved, a credit memo is issued to the distributor for the ship-and-debit claim. In determining the transaction price, 
the Company considers ship-and-debit price adjustments to be variable consideration. Such price adjustments are estimated 
using the expected value method based on an analysis of actual ship-and-debit claims, at the distributor and product level, 
over a period of time considered adequate to account for current pricing and business trends. Historically, actual price 
adjustments for ship-and-debit claims have not materially differed from those estimated and included when determining 
the transaction price. Stock rotation rights grant the distributor the ability to return certain specified amounts of inventory. 
Stock rotation adjustments are an additional form of variable consideration and are also estimated using the expected value 
method based on historical return rates. Historically, distributor stock rotation adjustments have not been material. 

Sales to certain distributors are made under terms that do not include rights of return or price concessions after 
the product is shipped to the distributor. Accordingly, upon application of steps one through five above, product revenue 
is recognized upon shipment and transfer of control. 

The  Company  generally  provides  an  assurance  warranty  that  its  products  will  substantially  conform  to  the 
published specifications for twelve months from the date of shipment. The Company’s liability is limited to either a credit 
equal to the purchase price or replacement of the defective part. Returns under warranty have historically been immaterial. 
As such, the Company does not record a specific warranty reserve or consider activities related to such warranty, if any, 
to be a separate performance obligation. 

43 

Inventories 

Inventories (which consist of costs associated with the purchases of wafers from domestic and offshore foundries 
and of packaged components from offshore assembly manufacturers, as well as internal labor and overhead associated 
with the testing of both wafers and packaged components). 

Inventory is recorded at standard cost, which approximates actual cost computed on a first-in, first-out basis, not 
in  excess of  net  realizable  value.  The  Company routinely  evaluates quantities  and values of  inventories  and  records a 
provision for excess and obsolete inventories to reduce its recorded inventory balance to its estimated net realizable value. 
In order to determine the provision management considers historical usage, forecasted demand, current economic trends 
and historical write-offs. 

Income Taxes 

Income-tax expense is an estimate of current income taxes payable or refundable in the current fiscal year based 
on  reported  income before  income  taxes. Deferred  income  taxes  reflect  the  effect  of  temporary  differences  and  carry-
forwards that are recognized for financial reporting and income tax purposes. 

The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of ASC 740, Income Taxes. Under the provisions 
of ASC 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on the differences between the financial statement 
carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, utilizing the tax rates that are expected to 
apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The 
Company limits the deferred tax assets recognized related to certain officers’ compensation to amounts that it estimates 
will be deductible in future periods based upon Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m). The Company also recognizes 
valuation allowances to reduce any deferred tax assets to the amount that it estimates will more likely than not be realized 
based on available evidence and management’s judgment. In the event that the Company determines, based on available 
evidence and management judgment, that all or part of the net deferred tax assets will not be realized in the future, it would 
record a valuation allowance in the period the determination is made. In addition, the calculation of tax liabilities involves 
significant judgment in estimating the impact of uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws. Resolution of these 
uncertainties in a manner inconsistent with the Company’s expectations could have a material impact on the Company’s 
results of operations and financial position. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters 
as income tax expense. 

The U.S. tax rules require U.S. tax on foreign earnings, known as global intangible low taxed income. Under U.S. 
GAAP, we are allowed to make an accounting policy choice of either (1) treating taxes due on future U.S. inclusions as a 
current-period  expense  when  incurred  (the  “period  cost  method”)  or  (2) factoring  such  amounts  into  a  company’s 
measurement of its deferred taxes (the “deferred method”).  We selected the deferred method of accounting and recorded 
the associated basis differences anticipated to influence prospective income inclusion calculations.   

Goodwill and Intangible Assets 

Goodwill and the Company’s domain name are evaluated in accordance with ASC 350-10, Goodwill and Other 
Intangible Assets, and an impairment analysis is conducted on an annual basis, or sooner if indicators exist for a potential 
impairment. 

In accordance with ASC 360-10, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, long-lived 
assets, such as property and equipment and intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in 
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held 
and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows 
expected  to  be  generated  by  the  asset.  If  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  exceeds  its  estimated  future  cash  flows,  an 
impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the 
asset. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

The Company considers cash invested in highly liquid financial instruments with maturities of three months or 

less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. 

44 

Marketable Securities 

The Company generally holds securities until maturity; however, they may be sold under certain circumstances 
including, but not limited to, when necessary for the funding of acquisitions and other strategic investments. As a result, 
the  Company  classifies  its  investment  portfolio  as  available-for-sale.  The  Company  classifies  all  investments  with  a 
maturity  date  greater  than  three months  at  the  date  of  purchase  as  short-term  marketable  securities  in  its  consolidated 
balance sheet. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s marketable securities consisted primarily of commercial 
paper, corporate bonds, government securities and/or other high-quality commercial securities. 

Employee Benefits Plan 

The Company sponsors a 401(k) tax-deferred savings plan for all employees in the United States who meet certain 
eligibility requirements. Participants may contribute up to the amount allowable as a deduction for federal income tax 
purposes. The Company is not required to contribute; however, the Company contributes a certain percentage of employee 
annual salaries on a discretionary basis, not to exceed an established threshold. The Company provided for a contribution 
of approximately $2.1 million, $2.0 million and $1.9 million in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. 

Retirement Benefit Obligations (Pension) 

The Company recognizes the over-funded or under-funded status of a defined benefit pension or post-retirement 
plan as an asset or liability in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Actuarial gains and losses are recorded in 
accumulated other comprehensive loss, a component of stockholders’ equity, and are amortized as a component of net 
periodic cost over the remaining estimated service period of participants. 

Foreign Currency Risk and Foreign Currency Translation 

As  of  December 31, 2023,  the  Company’s  primary  transactional  currency  was  U.S.  dollars;  in  addition,  the 
Company holds cash in Swiss francs and euros to fund the operations of the Company’s Swiss subsidiary. The foreign 
exchange  rate  fluctuation  between  the  U.S.  dollar  versus  the  Swiss  franc  and  euro  is  recorded  in  other  income  in  the 
consolidated statements of income. 

Gains  and  losses  arising  from  the  remeasurement  of  non-functional  currency  balances  are  recorded  in  other 
income in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The Company recognized a loss of $0.4 million in 2023, 
an immaterial foreign exchange loss in 2022 and a loss of $0.6 million in 2021. 

The functional currencies of the Company’s other subsidiaries are the local currencies. Accordingly, all assets 
and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at the current exchange rates as of the applicable balance sheet date. Revenues 
and expenses are translated at the average exchange rate prevailing during the period. Cumulative gains and losses from 
the translation of the foreign subsidiaries’ financial statements have been included accumulated other comprehensive loss 
in stockholders’ equity. 

Warranty 

The Company generally warrants that its products will substantially conform to the published specifications for 
12 months from the date of shipment. The Company’s liability is limited to either a credit equal to the purchase price or 
replacement of the defective part. Returns under warranty have historically been immaterial, and as a result, the Company 
does not record a specific warranty reserve. 

Advertising 

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and amounted to $1.3 million, $1.4 million and $1.3 million in 2023, 

2022 and 2021, respectively. 

Research and Development 

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. 

Indemnifications 

The  Company  sells  products  to  its  distributors  under  contracts,  collectively  referred  to  as  Distributor  Sales 
Agreements  (“DSA”).  Each  DSA  contains  the  relevant  terms  of  the  contractual  arrangement  with  the  distributor,  and 

45 

generally includes certain provisions for indemnifying the distributor against losses, expenses, and liabilities from damages 
that  may be  awarded  against  the distributor  in  the  event  the  Company’s  products  are  found  to  infringe upon  a  patent, 
copyright, trademark, or other proprietary right of a third party (Customer Indemnification). The DSA generally limits the 
scope of and remedies for the Customer Indemnification obligations in a variety of industry-standard respects, including, 
but not limited to, limitations based on time and geography, and a right to replace an infringing product. The Company 
also, from time to time, has granted a specific indemnification right to individual customers. 

The  Company  believes  its  internal  development  processes  and  other  policies  and  practices  limit  its  exposure 
related to such indemnifications. In addition, the Company requires its employees to sign a proprietary information and 
inventions agreement, which assigns the rights to its employees’ development work to the Company. To date, the Company 
has not had to reimburse any of its distributors or customers for any losses related to these indemnifications and no material 
claims were outstanding as of December 31, 2023. For several reasons, including the lack of prior indemnification claims 
and the lack of a monetary liability limit for certain infringement cases, the Company cannot determine the maximum 
amount of potential future payments, if any, related to such indemnifications. 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements 

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable 
Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”), which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements and 
expand public entities’ segment disclosures in the annual and interim financial statements. The amendment will require 
disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and within 
each reported measure of segment profit or loss, an amount and description of its composition for other segment items and 
interim disclosures of a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets. All disclosure requirements of ASU 2023-07 are 
required for entities with a single reportable segment. The Company is required to adopt the amendments in fiscal year 
2024  for  annual  and  retrospective  reporting  periods  and  in  the  first  quarter  of  fiscal  year  2025  for  all  interim  and 
retrospective reporting periods; with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of adopting 
these  amendments  on  its  consolidated  financial  statements.  The  Company  does  not  expect  the  amendment  to  have  a 
material impact on its consolidated financial statements upon adoption.  

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax 
Disclosures  (“ASU  2023-09”),  which  modifies  the  rules  on  income  tax  disclosures  to  require  entities  to  disclose 
(1) specific  categories  in  the  rate  reconciliation,  (2) the  income  or  loss  from  continuing  operations  before  income  tax 
expense  or  benefit  (separated  between  domestic  and  foreign)  and  (3) income  tax  expense  or  benefit  from  continuing 
operations  (separated  by  federal,  state  and  foreign).  ASU  2023-09  also  requires  entities  to  disclose  their  income  tax 
payments to international, federal, state and local jurisdictions, among other changes. The guidance is effective for annual 
periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet 
been  issued  or  made  available  for  issuance.  ASU  2023-09  should  be  applied  on  a  prospective  basis,  but  retrospective 
application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this new guidance on its 
consolidated financial statements. 

3. COMPONENTS OF THE COMPANY’S CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS: 

Accounts Receivable 

(In thousands) 
Accounts receivable trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Allowance for ship-and-debit  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Allowance for stock rotation and rebate  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Allowance for credit losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

     December 31,  

      December 31,  

2023 

2022

$

$

 53,147   $ 
 (36,017) 
 (1,775) 
 (681) 
 14,674   $ 

78,914
(53,184)
(3,759)
(1,135)
20,836

The  Company  maintains  an allowance  for estimated  credit  losses  resulting from  the  inability of  customers  to 
make required payments. This allowance is established using estimates formulated by the Company’s management based 
upon factors such as the composition of the accounts receivable aging, historical losses, changes in payments patterns, 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
customer creditworthiness, and current economic trends. Receivables determined to be uncollectible are written off and 
deducted from the allowance. 

(In thousands) 
Beginning balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Provision for credit loss expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receivables written off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Recoveries collected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ending balance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

Inventories 

Allowance for Credit Losses
Year Ended 
December 31,  

2023 

2022

 (1,135) 
 (619) 
 —  
 1,073  
 (681) 

$ 

$ 

(445)
(1,859)
49
1,120
(1,135)

(In thousands) 
Raw materials  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Work-in-process  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Finished goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

     December 31,  

      December 31,  

2023 

2022

$

$

 96,467  
 24,727  
 41,970  
 163,164  

$ 

$ 

75,355
15,440
44,625
135,420

Property and Equipment 

(In thousands) 
Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Construction-in-progress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Building and improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Computer software and hardware and office furniture and fixtures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Less: Accumulated depreciation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Property and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

     December 31,  

      December 31,  

2023 

2022

$

$

 22,178  
 17,022  
 92,049  
 267,941  
 67,450  
 466,640  
 (302,427) 
 164,213  

$ 

$ 

22,166
19,195
89,704
253,308
62,574
446,947
(270,266)
176,681

Depreciation expense for property and equipment for fiscal years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, was 
approximately $35.2 million, $34.9 million and $31.5 million, respectively, and was determined using the straight-line 
method over the following useful lives: 

Building and improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       4 - 40 years
Machinery and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
2 - 8 years
4 - 7 years
Computer software and hardware and office furniture and fixtures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Total  property  and  equipment  (excluding  accumulated  depreciation)  located  in  the  United  States  at 
December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, was approximately $203.6 million, $190.3 million and $174.6 million, respectively. 
In 2023, 2022 and 2021, approximately 11%, 12% and 14%, respectively, of total property and equipment (excluding 
accumulated  depreciation)  was  held  in  Thailand  by  one  of  the  Company’s  subcontractors.  In  2023,  2022  and  2021, 
approximately  15%  of  total  property  and  equipment  (excluding  accumulated  depreciation  was  held  by  one  of  the 
Company’s subcontractors in Malaysia. No other country held 10% or more of total property and equipment in the periods 
presented. 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss 

Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss for the three years ended December 31, 2023: 

   Unrealized Gains     
and Losses on 

  Foreign  
Available-for-Sale   Defined Benefit   Currency  

(In thousands) 
Balance at January 1, 2021  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications . . . . . . .
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss. .
Other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Balance at December 31, 2021  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications . . . . . . .
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss. .
Other comprehensive loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Balance at December 31, 2022  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications . . . . . . .
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss. .
Other comprehensive income  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Balance at December 31, 2023  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

Securities 

890
(2,055)
—
(2,055)
(1,165)
(4,158)
—
(4,158)
(5,323)
5,579
—
5,579
256

$

  Pension Items 
(1,641) 
$
 800  
 167   (1)    
 967   
 (674) 
 1,459   

Items 

  Total 

$  (1,412) $ (2,163)
(1,741)
167
(1,574)
(3,737)
(3,684)
77
(3,607)
(7,344)
5,970
(88)
5,882
$  (3,303) $ (1,462)

 (486)
 —
 (486)
 (1,898)
 (985)
 —
 (985)
 (2,883)
 (420)
 —
 (420)

 77   (1)    

 1,536   
 862   
 811   
 (88) (1)    
 723  
 1,585  

(1)  This component of accumulated other comprehensive loss is included in the computation of net periodic pension cost for the years 

ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. 

4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS: 

ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurements, clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that 
would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As 
such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants 
would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, ASC 820-10 establishes a three-tier 
value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows: (Level 1) observable inputs such as 
quoted prices for identical assets in active markets; (Level 2) inputs other than the quoted prices in active markets that are 
observable either directly or indirectly; and (Level 3) unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data, which 
requires the Company to develop its own assumptions. This hierarchy requires the Company to use observable market 
data, when available, and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when determining fair value. 

The Company’s cash equivalents and investment instruments are classified within Level 1 or Level 2 of the fair-
value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted market prices, broker or dealer quotations, or alternative pricing 
sources  with  reasonable  levels  of price  transparency.  The type of  instrument valued  based on quoted market prices  in 
active markets primarily includes money market securities. This type of instrument is generally classified within Level 1 
of the fair-value hierarchy. The types of instruments valued based on other observable inputs (Level 2 of the fair-value 
hierarchy) include investment-grade corporate bonds and commercial paper. Such types of investments are valued by using 
a multi-dimensional relational model, the inputs are primarily benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, 
issuer  spreads,  two-sided  markets,  benchmark  securities,  bids,  offers,  and  reference  data  including  market  research 
publications.  The  Company  does  not  hold  any  instruments  that  would  be  classified  within  Level  3  of  the  fair-value 
hierarchy. 

The fair value hierarchy of the Company’s cash equivalents and marketable securities at December 31, 2023 and 

2022, was as follows: 

Fair Value Measurement at 
December 31, 2023 
    Quoted Prices in        
  Active Markets for    Significant Other
  Observable Inputs
 (Level 2) 

Identical Assets 
 (Level 1) 

  Total Fair Value  
$

20,275
246,922
491
267,688

$

$

 —   $ 
 —  
 491  
 491   $ 

20,275
246,922
—
267,197

$

(In thousands) 
Commercial paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corporate securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Money market funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
       
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
(In thousands) 
Commercial paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corporate securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Money market funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

  Total Fair Value  
$

58,683
248,441
363
307,487

$

$

 —   $ 
 —  
 363  
 363   $ 

58,683
248,441
—
307,124

Fair Value Measurement at 
December 31, 2022 
    Quoted Prices in        
  Active Markets for   Significant Other
   Observable Inputs
(Level 2) 

Identical Assets 
 (Level 1) 

The Company did not transfer any investments between level 1 and level 2 of the fair value hierarchy in the years 

ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. 

5. MARKETABLE SECURITIES: 

Amortized cost and estimated fair market value of marketable securities classified as available-for-sale (excluding 

cash equivalents) at December 31, 2023, were as follows: 

(In thousands) 
Investments due in 3 months or less: 

  Amortized   Gross Unrealized 
     Losses 
    Gains
    Cost

  Estimated Fair
      Market Value

Corporate securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 10,688
10,688

$

— $ 
—   

$

 (42) 
 (42) 

Investments due in 4-12 months: 

Commercial paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Corporate securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

718
48,680
49,398

—   
15
15

Investments due in 12 months or greater: 

Corporate securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

187,298
187,298
$ 247,384

$

952
952
967

$ 

 —  
 (347) 
 (347) 

 (322) 
 (322) 
 (711) 

$

10,646
10,646

718
48,348
49,066

187,928
187,928
247,640

Accrued interest receivable was $2.3 million at December 31, 2023 and was recorded within prepaid expenses 

and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheet. 

Amortized cost and estimated fair market value of marketable securities classified as available-for-sale (excluding 

cash equivalents) at December 31, 2022, were as follows: 

(In thousands) 
Investments due in 3 months or less: 

Amortized

    Cost

Gross Unrealized 
     Losses 

    Gains

  Estimated Fair
      Market Value

Corporate securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 21,803
21,803

$

— $ 
—   

 (135) 
 (135) 

$

Investments due in 4-12 months: 

Corporate securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

173,833
173,833

—   
—   

 (4,019) 
 (4,019) 

Investments due in 12 months or greater: 

Corporate securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total marketable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

58,128
58,128
$ 253,764

$

71
71
71

 (1,240) 
 (1,240) 
 (5,394) 

$ 

$

21,668
21,668

169,814
169,814

56,959
56,959
248,441

Accrued interest receivable was $1.2 million at December 31, 2022 and was recorded within prepaid expenses 

and other current assets on the consolidated balance sheet. 

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022 the Company had no marketable securities classified as available-for-sale 
(excluding  cash  equivalents)  in  a  continuous  unrealized  loss  position  for  which  an  allowance  for  credit  losses  was 
recorded. The  following  table  summarizes  marketable  securities  classified  as  available-for-sale  (excluding  cash 
equivalents)  in  a  continuous  unrealized  loss  position  for  which  an  allowance  for  credit  losses  was  not  recorded  at 
December 31, 2023: 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Less Than 12 Months
12 Months or Longer 
    Estimated        Gross 
     Estimated      Gross
  Fair Market Unrealized  Fair Market  Unrealized    Fair Market  Unrealized 

     Estimated      Gross

Total

(In thousands) 
December 31, 2023 

Value

Losses

Value

Losses 

Value 

Losses

Corporate securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Total marketable securities . . . . . . . . . .     $ 

 102,729
 102,729

$
$

(371) $
(371) $

25,401
25,401

$
$

(340)  $ 
(340)  $ 

 128,130
 128,130

$
$

(711)
(711)

Less Than 12 Months 
     Estimated       Gross 
  Fair Market Unrealized  Fair Market  Unrealized    Fair Market  Unrealized 

12 Months or Longer 
     Estimated       Gross 

     Estimated       Gross 

Total 

(In thousands) 
December 31, 2022 

Value 

Losses 

Value 

Losses 

Value 

Losses 

Corporate securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Total marketable securities . . . . . . . . . .     $ 

45,047
45,047

$
$

(662)
(662)

$
$

191,443
191,443

$
$

(4,732)  $ 
(4,732)  $ 

 236,490
 236,490

$
$

(5,394)
(5,394)

The weighted average interest rate of investments at December 31, 2023 and 2022, was approximately 4.87% and 
2.08%, respectively. In the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, no unrealized losses on marketable securities were 
recognized in income. 

6. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS: 

The carrying amount of goodwill as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $91.8 million; there were no changes 

to goodwill in either of the respective fiscal years. 

Intangible assets consist primarily of developed technology, acquired licenses, and domain name and are reported 

net of accumulated amortization. 

The Company amortizes the cost of all intangible assets over the estimated useful life of the developed technology 
and  technology  licenses, which range  from  two  to  twelve  years,  with  the  exception of  $1.3 million paid  to  acquire an 
internet domain name. The Company acquired the rights to the internet domain name www.power.com, the Company’s 
primary  domain  name;  the  cost  to  acquire  the  domain  name  has  been  recorded  as  an  intangible  asset  and  will  not  be 
amortized as it has an indefinite useful life.  

Amortization of acquired intangible assets was approximately $2.2 million, $2.4 million and $3.5 million in the 
years  ended  December 31, 2023,  2022  and  2021,  respectively.  The  Company  does  not  believe  there  is  any  significant 
residual value associated with the following intangible assets: 

(In thousands) 
Domain name  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $
Developed technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Technology licenses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

  Gross
1,261
   37,960
1,926
Total intangible assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 41,147

$

December 31, 2023 
     Accumulated     
Amortization
$

Net

Gross

December 31, 2022 
      Accumulated      
  Amortization

Net

— $ 1,261
2,501
(35,459)
(1,264)
662
(36,723) $ 4,424

$

1,261   $ 
37,960  
1,926  
$ 41,147   $ 

 — $ 1,261
4,429
907
$ 6,597

 (33,531)
 (1,019)
 (34,550)

The estimated future amortization expense related to definite-lived intangible assets at December 31, 2023, is as 

follows: 

Fiscal Year 
2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
2025 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
2026 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
2027 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

  $ 

$ 

Estimated
Amortization 
(In thousands)

1,279
832
687
365
3,163

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
    
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
7. STOCK PLANS AND SHARE BASED COMPENSATION: 

Stock Plans 

As  of  December 31, 2023,  the  Company  had  three  stock-based  compensation  plans  (the  “Plans”)  which  are 

described below. 

2007 Equity Incentive Plan 

The 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (“2007 Plan”) was adopted by the board of directors on September 10, 2007, and 
approved by the stockholders on November 7, 2007, as an amendment and restatement of the 1997 Stock Option Plan 
(“1997 Plan”). The 2007 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-statutory stock options, restricted stock 
awards, restricted stock unit (“RSU”) awards, stock appreciation rights, performance-based (“PSU”) awards, long-term 
performance  based  (“PRSU”)  awards  and  other  stock  awards  to  employees,  directors  and  consultants.  The  2007  Plan 
expired in September 2017 with no further grants to be made under this plan; however previous grants under this plan shall 
remain outstanding until they are exercised, vest, forfeited or expire. 

2016 Incentive Award Plan 

The 2016 Incentive Award Plan (“2016 Plan”) was adopted by the board of directors on March 17, 2016 and 
approved by the stockholders on May 13, 2016. The 2016 Plan provides for the grant of RSU awards, PSU awards and 
PRSU  awards.  No  other  forms  of  equity-based  awards,  including  stock  options  and  stock  appreciation  rights,  may  be 
granted  under  the  2016  Plan.  As  of  December 31,  2023,  3.4  million  awards  have  been  issued,  net  of  forfeitures  or 
cancellations, and approximately 3.6 million shares of common stock remain available for future grant under the 2016 
Plan. 

1997 Employee Stock Purchase Plan 

Under  the  1997  Employee  Stock  Purchase  Plan  (Purchase  Plan),  eligible  employees  may  apply  accumulated 
payroll  deductions,  which  may  not  exceed  15%  of  an  employee’s  compensation,  to  the  purchase  of  shares  of  the 
Company’s common stock at periodic intervals. The purchase price of stock under the Purchase Plan is equal to 85% of 
the lower of (i) the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the first day of each offering period, or (ii) the 
fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the purchase date (as defined in the Purchase Plan). Each offering 
period  consists  of  one  purchase  period  of  approximately  six months  duration.  An  aggregate  of  7.5  million  shares  of 
common stock were reserved for issuance to employees under the Purchase Plan. As of December 31, 2023, of the shares 
reserved for issuance, 6.9 million shares had been purchased and 0.6 million shares were reserved for future issuance under 
the Purchase Plan. 

Shares Reserved 

As of December 31, 2023,  the  Company had  approximately 4.4 million shares of  common  stock  reserved for 

future grant under all stock plans. 

Stock-Based Compensation 

The Company applies the provisions of ASC 718-10, Stock Compensation. Under the provisions of ASC 718-10, 
the Company recognizes the fair value of stock-based compensation in its financial statements over the requisite service 
period  of  the  individual  grants,  which  generally  equals  a  four-year  vesting  period.  The  Company  uses  estimates  of 
volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rate, dividend yield and forfeitures in determining the fair value of these awards 
and the amount of compensation expense to recognize. The Company uses the straight-line method to amortize all stock 
awards granted over the requisite service period of the award. 

The  following  table  summarizes  the  stock-based  compensation  expense  recognized  in  accordance  with 

ASC 718-10 for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021: 

(In thousands) 
Cost of revenues  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Research and development  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sales and marketing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General and administrative  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total stock-based compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

Year Ended December 31,  
2022 

2021

2023

1,692
10,939
6,888
9,009
28,528

$ 

$ 

 1,132  
 10,428  
 6,035  
 4,769  
 22,364  

$

$

2,359
12,127
7,630
15,493
37,609

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
    
  
  
  
The following table summarizes total compensation expense related to unvested awards not yet recognized, net 
of  expected  forfeitures,  and  the  weighted  average  period  over  which  it  is  expected  to  be  recognized  as  of 
December 31, 2023: 

     Unrecognized Compensation      Weighted Average 

Expense for Unvested
Awards 
(In thousands)

  Remaining Recognition

Period 
 (In years)

Long-term performance-based awards  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Restricted stock units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Purchase plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total unrecognized compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

—   
46,856   
155   
47,011   

—
2.66
0.08

Stock-based  compensation  expense  in  the year  ended  December 31, 2023,  was  approximately  $28.5  million, 
comprising approximately $23.4 million related to restricted stock units, $3.2 million related to performance-based awards 
and long-term performance-based awards and $1.9 million related to the Company’s Purchase Plan.  

Stock-based  compensation  expense  in  the year  ended  December 31, 2022,  was  approximately  $22.4  million, 
comprising approximately $23.2 million related to restricted stock units, $1.9 million related to the Company’s Purchase 
Plan and a $2.7 million credit related to performance-based awards and long-term performance-based awards. 

Stock-based  compensation  expense  in  the year  ended  December 31, 2021,  was  approximately  $37.6  million, 
comprising  approximately  $19.9  million  related  to  restricted  stock  units,  $15.7  million  related  to  performance-based 
awards and $2.0 million related to the Company’s Purchase Plan. 

The  fair  value  of  employees’  stock  purchase  rights  under  the  Purchase  Plan  was  estimated  using  the  Black-
Scholes model with the following weighted-average assumptions used during the three years ended December 31, 2023, 
2022 and 2021: 

Risk-free interest rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expected volatility rates  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expected dividend yield  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Expected term of purchase rights (in years) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weighted-average estimated fair value of purchase rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

Year Ended December 31,  

2023

5.15 %  
37 %  
0.90 %  
0.49
23.75

$ 

2022 
 1.71 %   
 41 %   
 0.89 %   
 0.50   
 21.63  

  $

2021

0.07 %  
41 %  
0.57 %  
0.50
23.92

No options were granted or remain outstanding as of December 31, 2023. There were no options exercised during 
the year ended December 31, 2023 while total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 
2022 and December 31, 2021 were $0.8 million and $4.9 million, respectively. 

PSU Awards 

Under the performance-based awards program, the Company grants awards in the performance year in an amount 
equal to twice the target number of shares to be issued if the maximum performance metrics are met. The number of shares 
that are released at the end of the performance year can range from zero to 200% of the target number depending on the 
Company’s performance. The performance metrics of this program are annual targets consisting of a combination of net 
revenue, non-GAAP operating earnings and strategic goals. 

As  the  net  revenue,  non-GAAP  operating  income  and  strategic  goals  are  considered  performance  conditions, 
expense  associated  with  these  awards,  net  of  estimated  forfeitures,  is  recognized  over  the  service  period  based  on  an 
assessment of the achievement of the performance targets. The fair value of these PSUs is determined using the fair value 
of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant, reduced by the discounted present value of dividends expected 
to be declared before the awards vest. If the performance conditions are not achieved, no compensation cost is recognized 
and any previously recognized compensation is reversed. 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
A summary of PSU awards outstanding as of December 31, 2023, and activity during the three years then ended, 

is presented below: 

Weighted-Average

Weighted- 
Average 
Remaining 

  Aggregate

Shares 

(In thousands)    Value Per Share  

Grant Date Fair  Contractual Term  Intrinsic Value
   (In thousands)

(In years) 

Outstanding at January 1, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Granted  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited or canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Granted  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited or canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Granted  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited or canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding and expected to vest at December 31, 2023 .

$
150
105
$
(150) $
(1) $
$
104
119
$
(104) $
(85) $
$
34
131
$
(34) $
(93) $
$
38
38

46.27
84.48
46.27
85.01
84.47
79.91
84.48
79.89
79.94
82.96
79.94
82.96
82.95

 —   $
 —   $

3,131
3,131

In February 2023, it was determined that approximately 34,000 shares subject to the PSUs granted in 2022 vested 
in aggregate; the shares were released to the Company’s employees and executives in the first quarter of 2023. The grant-
date fair value of PSU awards released, which were fully vested, in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, 
was approximately $2.7 million, $8.8 million and $6.9 million, respectively. 

PRSU Awards (Long-term Performance Based) 

The Company’s PRSU program provides for the issuance of PRSUs which will vest based on the Company’s 
performance measured against the PRSU program’s established performance targets. PRSUs are granted in an amount 
equal to twice the target number of shares to be issued if the maximum performance metrics are met. The actual number 
of shares the recipient receives is determined at the end of a three-year performance period based on results achieved 
versus the Company’s performance goals, and may range from zero to 200% of the target number. The performance goals 
for PRSUs granted in fiscal 2021, 2022 and 2023 were based on the Company’s compound annual growth rate (“CAGR”) 
of revenue as measured against the revenue CAGR of the analog semiconductor industry (“Relative Measure”), in each 
case over the respective three-year performance period. In addition, the PRSUs granted in 2023 (“2023 PRSUs”) also 
include a performance goal related to the Company’s revenue growth over the respective three-year performance period 
as compared to defined targets (“Absolute Measure”) with the actual vesting of the 2023 PRSUs calculated based on higher 
achievement under the Relative Measure or the Absolute Measure. Expense associated with these awards, net of estimated 
forfeitures, is recorded throughout the year based on an assessment of the expected achievement of the performance targets. 
If  the  performance  conditions  are  not  achieved,  no  compensation  cost  is  recognized  and  any  previously  recognized 
compensation is reversed.  

Expense associated with these awards, net of estimated forfeitures, is recorded throughout the year based on an 
assessment of the expected achievement of the performance targets. If the performance conditions are not achieved, no 
compensation cost is recognized and any previously recognized compensation is reversed. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
A summary of PRSU awards outstanding as of December 31, 2023, and activity during the three years then ended, 

is presented below: 

Weighted-Average

Shares

Grant Date Fair Contractual Term   

Remaining 

Weighted-Average   Aggregate
Intrinsic 
Value
  (In thousands)

 (In years) 

  (In thousands)    Value Per Share   

Outstanding at January 1, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Granted  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited or canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Granted  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited or canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Granted  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited or canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding and expected to vest at December 31, 2023 .

301 $
103 $
(6) $
(15) $
383 $
110 $
(135) $
(122) $
236 $
146 $
(23) $
(103) $
256 $
—

41.90
82.92
29.94
40.05
53.14
78.96
34.09
49.68
77.82
80.92
49.68
82.92
80.08

 1.57   $
 —   $

20,987
—

In February 2023 it was determined that approximately 23,000 shares subject to the PRSUs granted in 2020 vested 
in aggregate; the shares were released to the Company’s executives in the first quarter of 2023. The grant-date fair value 
of  PRSU  awards  released,  which  were  fully  vested,  in  the years  ended  December 31, 2023,  2022  and  2021  was 
approximately $1.1 million, $4.6 million and $0.2 million, respectively. 

RSU Awards 

RSUs granted to employees typically vest ratably over a four-year period and are converted into shares of the 
Company’s  common  stock  upon  vesting  on  a  one-for-one  basis  subject  to  the  employee’s  continued  service  to  the 
Company over that period. The fair value of RSUs is determined using the fair value of the Company’s common stock on 
the date of the grant, reduced by the discounted present value of dividends expected to be declared before the awards vest. 
Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of each grant adjusted for 
estimated forfeitures. 

A summary of RSU awards outstanding as of December 31, 2023, and activity during the three years then ended, 

is presented below: 

Weighted-Average

Shares 

Grant Date Fair  Contractual Term   

Remaining 

Weighted-Average    Aggregate 
Intrinsic 
Value 
   (In thousands)

 (In years) 

 (In thousands)    Value Per Share   

Outstanding at January 1, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Granted  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Granted  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Granted  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vested . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Forfeited  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outstanding and expected to vest at December 31, 2023 .

1,518 $
271 $
(546) $
(99) $
1,144 $
519 $
(481) $
(86) $
1,096 $
335 $
(418) $
(32) $
981 $
918

35.51
83.79
35.03
39.85
46.81
76.01
44.70
60.02
60.52
80.97
53.08
73.29
70.27

The  grant-date  fair  value  of  RSUs  vested  in  the  years  ended  December 31, 2023,  2022  and  2021,  was 

approximately $22.2 million, $21.5 million and $19.1 million, respectively. 

54 

 1.48   $
 1.39   $

80,585
75,384

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
     
 
 
 
8. SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS AND GEOGRAPHIC NET REVENUES: 

Customer Concentration 

The Company’s top ten customers accounted for approximately 80%, 76% and 78% of revenues in 2023, 2022 
and  2021,  respectively.  A  significant  portion  of  these  revenues  are  attributable  to  sales  of  the  Company’s  products  to 
distributors of electronic components. These distributors sell the Company’s products to a broad, diverse range of end 
users,  including  OEMs  and  merchant power  supply  manufacturers.  Sales  to  distributors  in  2023, 2022  and 2021 were 
$307.4 million, $457.7 million and $525.7 million, respectively. Direct sales to OEMs and power-supply manufacturers 
accounted for the remainder. 

The following customers represented 10% or more of the Company’s net revenues for the respective years: 

Customer 
Avnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Honestar Technologies Co., Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Salcomp Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

* Total customer revenue was less than 10% of net revenues. 

Year Ended December 31,  
2022 

2023 

2021 

27 %    
18 %    
10 %    

 31 %  
 11 %  
*  

30 %
16 %
*

No other customers accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s net revenues in the periods presented. 

Concentration of Credit Risk 

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consisted principally 
of cash investments and trade receivables. The Company does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to 
its  customers.  As  of  December 31,  2023  and  2022,  86%  and  87%  of  accounts  receivable  were  concentrated  with  the 
Company’s top ten customers, respectively. 

The following customers represented 10% or more of accounts receivable: 

Customer 
Avnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Honestar Technologies Co., Ltd. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Salcomp Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Flextronics Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

* Total customer accounts receivable was less than 10% of accounts receivable. 

December 31,    
2023 

December 31,
2022 

 39 %   
 20 %  
 10 %   
*  

42 %  
*
13 %  
11 %  

No other customers accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s accounts receivable in the periods presented. 

Geographic Net Revenues 

The Company markets its products globally through its sales personnel and a worldwide network of independent 

sales representatives and distributors. Geographic net revenues based on “bill to” customer locations were as follows: 

(In thousands) 
United States of America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hong Kong/China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Taiwan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Western Europe (excluding Germany)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Germany  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total net revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

55 

Year Ended December 31,  
2022 
 25,500   $

$ 

 356,865  
 33,159  
 19,789  
 52,074  
 32,429  
 34,924  
 52,876  
 43,522  
 651,138   $

$ 

2021 

17,238
446,980
25,961
25,991
59,501
35,835
25,101
32,664
34,006
703,277

2023 

8,676
265,936
34,558
15,774
24,956
27,819
16,177
23,041
27,601
444,538

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
    
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
9. COMMON STOCK REPURCHASES AND CASH DIVIDENDS: 

Common Stock Repurchases 

From time to time the Company’s board of directors has authorized the use of funds to repurchase shares of the 
Company’s common stock. In October 2018, the Company’s board of director’s authorized the use of $80.0 million for 
the repurchase of the Company’s common stock, and in each of April 2021 and October 2021, the Company’s board of 
directors authorized the use of an additional $50.0 million for the repurchase of the Company’s common stock. In January, 
February, April and October 2022, the Company’s board of directors authorized the use of an additional $100.0 million, 
$50.0 million, $75.0 million and $100.0 million, respectively, for the repurchase of the Company’s common stock, with 
repurchases to be executed according to pre-defined price/volume guidelines.  

In 2023, 2022 and 2021 the Company purchased approximately 0.8 million shares, 3.8 million shares and 0.9 
million  shares,  respectively,  for  approximately  $55.3  million,  $311.1  million  and  $73.9  million,  respectively.  As  of 
December 31, 2023, the Company had $26.0 million available for future stock repurchases.  

Authorization of future stock repurchase programs is at the discretion of the Company’s board of directors and 
will depend on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements and business conditions as 
well as other factors. 

Common Stock Dividend 

The following table presents the quarterly dividends declared per share of the Company’s common stock for the 

periods indicated: 

Year Ended December 31,  
2022 

2021 

2023 

First Quarter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Second Quarter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Third Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fourth Quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$
$
$
$

0.19
0.19
0.19
0.20

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

 0.18   $
 0.18   $
 0.18   $
 0.18   $

0.13
0.13
0.13
0.15

The Company paid approximately $44.0 million, $41.5 million and $32.6 million in cash dividends during 2023, 

2022 and 2021, respectively. 

In  January 2021,  the  Company’s  board  of  directors  declared  dividends  of  $0.13 per  share  to  be  paid  to 
stockholders of record at the end of each quarter in 2021. In October 2021, the Company’s board of directors raised the 
quarterly cash dividend with the declaration of five cash dividends of $0.15 per share (the first in lieu of the $0.13 per 
share announced in January 2021) to be paid to stockholders of record at the end of the fourth quarter in 2021 and at the 
end of each quarter in 2022. 

In January 2022, the Company’s board of directors raised the quarterly cash dividend by an additional $0.03 per 
share  with  the  declaration  of  four  cash  dividends  of  $0.18  per  share  (in  lieu  of  the  $0.15  per  share  announced  in 
October 2021) to be paid to stockholders of record at the end of each quarter in 2022. 

In  February 2023,  the  Company’s  board  of  directors  declared  dividends  of  $0.19 per  share  to  be  paid  to 
stockholders of record at the end of each quarter in 2023. In October 2023, the Company’s board of directors raised the 
cash dividend with the declaration of four cash dividends of $0.20 per share to be paid to stockholders of record at the end 
of the fourth quarter in 2023 (in lieu of the $0.19 per share announced in February 2023) and at the end of each quarter in 
2024. 

10. EARNINGS PER SHARE: 

Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average shares of common stock 
outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average 
shares  of  common  stock  and  dilutive  common  equivalent  shares  outstanding  during  the  period.  Dilutive  common 
equivalent shares included in this calculation consist of dilutive shares issuable upon the assumed exercise of outstanding 
common stock options, the assumed vesting of outstanding restricted stock units, the assumed issuance of awards under 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
     
    
 
the  stock  purchase  plan  and  contingently  issuable  performance-based  awards,  as  computed  using  the  treasury  stock 
method. 

A summary of the earnings per share calculation is as follows: 

(In thousands, except per share amounts) 
Basic earnings per share: 

Year Ended December 31,  
2022 

2021 

2023 

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weighted-average common shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Diluted earnings per share: (1) 

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weighted-average common shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Effect of dilutive awards: 

Employee stock plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted weighted-average common shares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diluted earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

$

$

55,735
57,195
0.97

55,735
57,195

427
57,622
0.97

$ 

$ 

$ 

 170,851   $
 57,801  

 2.96   $

164,413
60,327
2.73

 170,851   $
 57,801  

164,413
60,327

 570  
 58,371  

$ 

 2.93   $

1,140
61,467
2.67

(1)  The  Company  includes  the  shares  underlying  performance-based  awards  in  the  calculation  of  diluted  earnings  per  share  if the 
performance conditions have been satisfied as of the end of the reporting period and excludes such shares when the necessary 
conditions  have  not  been  met.  The  Company  has  included  in  the  2023,  2022  and  2021  calculations  those  shares  that  were 
contingently issuable upon the satisfaction of the performance conditions as of the end of the respective periods. 

In the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, no outstanding stock awards were determined to be anti-

dilutive and therefore were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share. 

11. PROVISION (BENEFIT) FOR INCOME TAXES: 

Income Taxes 

The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of ASC 740, Income Taxes. Under the provisions 
of ASC 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on the differences between the financial statement 
carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, utilizing the tax rates that are expected to 
apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. 

U.S. and foreign components of income before income taxes were: 

(In thousands) 
U.S. operations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foreign operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total income before income taxes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

$

2023 

Year Ended December 31,  
2022 
 17,250   $
 166,176  
 183,426   $

2,995
42,912
45,907

$ 

$ 

2021 

241
175,894
176,135

The components of the provision (benefit) for income taxes are as follows: 

(In thousands) 
Current provision (benefit): 

Federal  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

Deferred provision (benefit): 

Federal  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foreign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

Year Ended December 31,
2022 

2023

2021

$ 

(1,193)
3
1,331
141

(9,178)

—   

(791)
(9,969)
(9,828)

$ 

 19,740   $
 2  
 1,079  
 20,821  

 (7,962) 
 —  
 (284) 
 (8,246) 
 12,575   $

23,648
2
1,608
25,258

(11,449)
—
(2,087)
(13,536)
11,722

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
    
   
 
    
 
  
 
  
   
 
  
 
  
   
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
     
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
    
    
   
 
    
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
   
 
  
  
 
  
 
The provision (benefit) for income taxes differs from the amount that would result by applying the applicable 

federal income tax rate to income before income taxes, as follows: 

Provision (benefit) computed at Federal statutory rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Business tax credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock-based compensation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foreign income taxed at different rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
GILTI inclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Uncertain tax positions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Valuation allowance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Year Ended December 31,
2022 
 21.0 %    
 (3.7)  
 (1.6)  
 (18.5)  
 8.5   
 (0.1)  
 1.3   
 —   
 6.9 %    

2023
21.0 %  
(12.2)
(0.1)
(17.6)
4.1
(18.6)
4.3
(2.3)
(21.4)%  

2021

21.0 %  
(3.6)
(0.6)
(23.8)
13.1
(0.6)
1.3
(0.1)
6.7 %

The  Company’s  effective  tax  rate  is  impacted  by  the  geographic  distribution  of  the  Company’s  world-wide 
earnings in lower-tax jurisdictions, federal research tax credits and the recognition of excess tax benefits related to share-
based payments. In 2023, the rate was further favorably impacted by release of  $7.6 million of reserves related to federal 
uncertain tax positions as the statute of limitations for review of these positions expired. These benefits were partially 
offset  by  foreign  income  subject  to  U.S.  tax,  known  as  global  intangible  low-taxed  income.  The  Company’s  primary 
jurisdiction where foreign earnings are derived is the Cayman Islands, which is a non-taxing jurisdiction. Income earned 
in other foreign jurisdictions was not material. The Company has not been granted any incentivized tax rates and does not 
operate under any tax holidays in any jurisdiction. 

The components of the net deferred income tax assets (liabilities) were as follows: 

(In thousands) 
Deferred tax assets: 
Capitalized R&D costs  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other reserves and accruals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tax credit carry-forwards  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Stock compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Capital losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net operating loss  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Valuation allowance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

Deferred tax liabilities: 
Depreciation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Net deferred tax assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

December 31,  

2023 

2022 

$

 30,886  
 861  
 28,223  
 1,543  
 141  
 2,269  
 465  
 (31,031) 
 33,357  

 (5,040) 
 (5,040) 
 28,317  

$

20,666
2,516
26,154
1,559
150
2,217
439
(29,036)
24,665

(5,596)
(5,596)
19,069

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that 
some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent 
upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. 
Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities and projected future taxable income. In the event 
that the Company determines, based on available evidence and management judgment, that all or part of the net deferred 
tax  assets  will  not  be  realized  in  the  future,  the  Company  would  record  a  valuation  allowance  in  the  period  the 
determination is made. In addition, the calculation of tax liabilities involves significant judgment in estimating the impact 
of uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws. Resolution of these uncertainties in a manner inconsistent with the 
Company’s expectations could have a material impact on its results of operations and financial position. 

As of December 31, 2023, the Company continues to maintain a valuation allowance primarily as a result of its 
California, New Jersey and Canada deferred tax assets as the Company believes that it is not more likely than not that the 
deferred tax assets will be fully realized. 

As  of  December 31, 2023,  the  Company  had  utilized  all  of  its  federal  research  and  development  tax  credit 
carryforwards. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had California research and development tax credit carryforwards 
of approximately $40.7 million (there is no expiration of research and development tax credit carryforwards for the state 
of  California)  and  California  net  operating  losses  of  $44.2  million  which  will  begin  to  expire  in  2032.  As  of 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
December 31, 2023,  the  Company  had  Canadian  scientific  research  and  experimental  development  tax  credit 
carryforwards  of  approximately  $3.8  million  and  New  Jersey  research  and  experimental  development  tax  credit 
carryforwards of approximately $0.8 million, which will start to expire in 2030 and 2029, respectively. 

The  Tax  Act  signed  into  law  on  December 22,  2017,  generally  allows  companies  to  repatriate  accumulated 
foreign earnings without incurring additional U.S. federal taxes beginning after December 31, 2017. Local foreign and 
U.S. states taxes may still be incurred upon repatriation. The Company has not provided for U.S. taxes on its undistributed 
earnings of foreign subsidiaries. The determination of the future tax consequences of the remittance of these earnings is 
not practicable. 

Unrecognized Tax Benefits 

The  Company  applies  the  provisions  of  ASC  740-10,  relating  to  accounting  for  uncertain  income  taxes. 

Reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits: 

(In thousands) 
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at January 1, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Gross increase for tax positions of current year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Gross decrease for tax positions of prior years  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Statute of limitation release for tax positions of prior years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at December 31, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Gross increase for tax positions of current year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Gross decrease for tax positions of prior years  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Statute of limitation release for tax positions of prior years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at December 31, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Gross increase for tax positions of current year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Gross decrease for tax positions of prior years  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Statute of limitation release for tax positions of prior years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Unrecognized tax benefits balance at December 31, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

$

      Unrecognized
  Tax Benefits 
21,051
2,068
—
(1,756)
21,363
2,188
—
(165)
23,386
605
—
(7,602)
16,389

$

The Company’s total unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, were $16.4 million, 
$23.4  million  and  $21.4  million,  respectively.  An  income  tax  benefit  of  $4.5  million,  net  of  valuation  allowance 
adjustments,  would  be  recorded  if  fiscal  year  2023  unrecognized  tax  benefits  are  recognized.  The  Company  cannot 
reasonably estimate the amount of the unrecognized tax benefit that could be adjusted in the next twelve months. 

The  Company’s  continuing  practice  is  to  recognize  interest  and/or  penalties  related  to  income  tax  matters  in 
income  tax  expense. The  Company  had  accrued  interest  and  penalties  of  $0.3  million  and  $1.2  million  as  of 
December 31, 2023  and  2022,  respectively,  which  have  been  recorded  in  long-term  income  taxes  payable  in  the 
accompanying consolidated balance sheets. 

As  of  December 31, 2023,  the  Company  has  concluded  all  U.S.  federal  income  tax  matters  for  the years 
through 2019. However, due to tax attributes, the IRS may calculate tax adjustments for the 2017 transition tax calculation 
for positions taken prior to 2017 since it has an extended statute of limitations period totaling six years. The California 
Franchise Tax Board has started an audit for the Company’s tax years 2018 and 2019, it is currently ongoing. 

12. LEASES AND COMMITMENTS: 

Facilities and Leases 

The  Company  owns  its  main  executive,  administrative,  manufacturing  and  technical  offices  in  San  Jose, 
California. The Company also owns a research and development facility in New Jersey, a design center in Germany and a 
multipurpose office building in Switzerland. The Company’s leases consist of operating leases for administrative office 
spaces,  research-and-development  facilities  and  sales  offices  in  various  countries  around  the  world.  The  Company 
determines whether an arrangement is a lease at inception. Some lease agreements contain lease and non-lease components, 
which  are  accounted  for  as  a  single  lease  component.  Total  lease  expense  was  $3.6  million  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2023, and $3.3 million in both the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021; short-term and variable lease 
expenses were not material during these periods. 

59 

 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
Balance sheet information related to leases was as follows: 

(In thousands) 
Right-of-use assets 
Operating lease assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lease liabilities 
Current operating lease liabilities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Non-current operating lease liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Balance Sheet Classification 

2023 

2022 

     December 31,    December 31, 

Other assets

Other accrued liabilities
Other liabilities

$ 

$ 

$ 

 10,398   $

9,153

 2,626   $
 7,354  
 9,980   $

2,895
5,831
8,726

Initial lease terms are determined at commencement and may include options to extend or terminate the lease 
when it is reasonably certain the Company will exercise the option. Remaining lease terms range from one to six years, 
some  of  which  include  options  to  extend  for  up  to  five years,  and  some  of  which  include  options  to  terminate  within 
one year. Leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. As the Company’s 
leases  do  not  provide  an  implicit  rate,  the  present  value  of  future  lease  payments  is  determined  using  the  Company’s 
incremental borrowing rate based on information available at commencement date. 

Lease term and discount rate 
Weighted average remaining lease term  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weighted average discount rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2023 
3.8 years   
6.1 % 

2022 

4.0 years
4.6 %

    December 31, 

  December 31, 

Supplemental cash flows information related to leases was as follow: 

(In thousands) 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:

Year Ended December 31,  

2023 

2022 

Operating cash flows from operating leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 
$ 

 3,579  
 4,889  

$
$

3,245
1,795

Future  minimum  lease  payments  under  all  non-cancelable  lease  agreements  as  of  December 31, 2023,  are  as 

follows: 

(In thousands) 
2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
2025 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
2026 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
2027 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
2028 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Thereafter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total future minimum lease payments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Less imputed interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

$

$

2023 

3,168
3,103
2,514
1,359
852
243
11,239
(1,259)
9,980

      December 31, 

Purchase Obligations 

At December 31, 2023, the Company had no non-cancelable purchase obligations that were due beyond one year. 

13. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS AND CONTINGENCIES: 

From time to time in the ordinary course of business, the Company becomes involved in lawsuits, or customers 
and distributors may make claims against the Company. In accordance with ASC 450 10, Contingencies, the Company 
makes a provision for a liability when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can 
be reasonably estimated. 

On January 6, 2020, the Company filed a complaint against CogniPower LLC in the United States District Court 
for  the  District  of  Delaware  for  infringement  of  two  of  the  Company’s  patents  and  seeking  a  declaration  of  non-
infringement with respect to patents that CogniPower had charged the Company’s customers with infringing, based on 
customer use of the Company’s products. In response, CogniPower filed a motion to dismiss the Company’s declaratory 
judgment claims on the basis that CogniPower had not threatened the Company directly with suit. That motion was granted, 
so  CogniPower’s  claims  for  infringement  initially  went  forward  separately  in  their  lawsuit  against  the  Company’s 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
customers in the District of Delaware, but the Company filed a motion to intervene in that lawsuit and received a ruling 
allowing  the  Company  to  intervene  in  CogniPower’s  customer  lawsuit  on  February 1,  2021,  and  the  parties  thereafter 
agreed to dismiss the Company’s separate lawsuit against CogniPower. The remaining case is currently stayed, but the 
Company recently filed a motion to amend its claims against CogniPower to include three additional patents that are in 
the same family as the two CogniPower patents that are already in the lawsuit, after CogniPower accused the Company’s 
customers of infringing those three related patents in a lawsuit in the Eastern District of Texas.  A ruling on the Company’s 
motion is expected in the coming months, and the Company believes it has strong claims and defenses with respect to all 
of  CogniPower’s  asserted  patents  and  intends  to  vigorously  defend  itself  against  CogniPower’s  claims  against  the 
Company’s technology, with appeals to follow if necessary. 

On October 31, 2022, Waverly Licensing LLC filed a complaint against the Company in the United States District 
Court for the Western District of Texas. In its complaint, Waverly alleged that the Company was infringing one patent 
pertaining to charging a battery-operated device.  The Company believes it has strong claims and defenses, and intends to 
vigorously defend itself against Waverly’s claims, with appeals to follow if necessary. Because the Company believed that 
Waverly’s  Texas  complaint  was  improperly  filed  in  the  wrong  court,  the  Company  filed  a  motion  to  dismiss,  and  on 
November 30, 2022, the Company filed a complaint against Waverly Licensing LLC and related entities IP Edge LLC, 
Mavexar LLC, and Array IP LLC in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware seeking a declaration of 
non-infringement with respect to a patent that Waverly charged the Company with infringing. The Texas court thereafter 
dismissed Waverly’s Texas complaint. The Company’s Delaware lawsuit is in its earliest stages, but on April 6, 2023, the 
Delaware defendants filed a motion to dismiss based on a series of covenants not to sue that the Delaware defendants filed 
with the Court, with further proceedings on the Delaware defendants’ motion expected in the coming months.   

The Company is unable to predict the outcome of legal proceedings with certainty, and there can be no assurance 
that the Company will prevail in the above-mentioned unsettled litigations. These litigations, whether or not determined 
in the Company’s favor or settled, will be costly and will divert the efforts and attention of the Company’s management 
and technical personnel from normal business operations, potentially causing a material adverse effect on the business, 
financial condition and operating results. Currently, the Company is not able to estimate a loss or a range of loss for the 
ongoing litigations disclosed above, however adverse determinations in litigation could result in monetary losses, the loss 
of proprietary rights, subject the Company to significant liabilities, require the Company to seek licenses from third parties 
or  prevent  the  Company  from  licensing  the  technology,  any  of  which  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the 
Company’s business, financial condition and operating results. 

14. RETIREMENT PLANS: 

The Company sponsors a defined benefit pension plan (Pension Plan) for its Swiss subsidiary in accordance with 
the legal requirements of Switzerland. The plan assets, which provide benefits in the event of an employee’s retirement, 
death or disability, are held in legally autonomous trustee-administered funds that are subject to Swiss law. Benefits are 
based on the employee’s age, years of service and salary, and the plan is financed by contributions by both the employee 
and the Company. 

The net periodic benefit cost of the Pension Plan was not material to the Company’s financial statements during 
the  years  ended  December 31, 2023,  2022  and  2021.  At  December 31, 2023,  the  projected  benefit  obligation  was 
$11.4 million, the plan assets were $7.9 million and the net pension liability was $3.5 million. As of December 31, 2022, 
the projected benefit obligation was $12.1 million, the plan assets were $8.2 million, and the net pension liability was 
$3.9 million.  The  Company  has  recorded  the  unfunded  amount  as  a  liability  in  its  consolidated  balance  sheet  at 
December 31, 2023  and  2022,  under  the  other  liabilities  caption.  The  Company  expects  to  make  contributions  to  the 
Pension  Plan  of  approximately  $0.4  million  during  2024.  The  accumulated  unrealized  actuarial  activity  on  pension 
benefits, net of tax, at December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $1.6 million gain, $0.9 million gain and $0.7 million loss, 
respectively. These amounts were reflected in Note 3 under the caption accumulated other comprehensive loss. 

In  accordance  with  the  Compensation-Retirement  Benefits  Topic  of  ASC  715-20,  Defined  Benefits  Plan,  the 
Company recognizes the over-funded or under-funded status of its defined post-retirement plan as an asset or liability in 
its statement of financial position. The Company measured the plan assets and benefit obligations as of the date of the 
fiscal year-end. 

61 

 
15. BANK LINE OF CREDIT: 

On July 27, 2016, the Company entered into a credit agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association 
(the  "Credit  Agreement")  that  provides  the  Company  with  a  $75.0  million  revolving  line  of  credit  to  use  for  general 
corporate  purposes  with  a  $20.0  million  sub-limit  for  the  issuance  of  standby  and  trade  letters  of  credit.  The  Credit 
Agreement was amended on April 30, 2018, to extend the termination date from July 26, 2019, to April 30, 2022, with all 
other terms remaining the same. The Credit Agreement was amended on June 7, 2021, to provide an alternate borrowing 
rate as a replacement for LIBOR and extend the termination date from April 30, 2022, to June 7, 2026, with all other terms 
remaining the same. The Credit Agreement was amended with an effective date of June 28, 2023 to include the Secured 
Overnight Financing Rates (“SOFR”) as interest rate benchmark rates, with all other terms remaining the same.  

The  Company’s  ability  to  borrow  under  the  revolving  line  of  credit  is  conditioned  upon  the  Company’s 
compliance with specified covenants, including reporting and financial covenants, primarily a minimum cash requirement 
and a debt to earnings ratio. The Credit Agreement terminates on June 7, 2026; all advances under the revolving line of 
credit will become due on such date, or earlier in the event of a default. The Company was compliant with all covenants 
and had no advances outstanding under the Credit Agreement as of December 31, 2023. 

62 

 
 
Schedule II 

Valuation and Qualifying Accounts 

The Company maintains an allowance for the distributors’ ship-and-debit credits relating to the sell-through of 
the Company’s products. This reserve is established using the Company’s historical ship-and-debit amounts and levels of 
inventory in the distributor channels. 

The following is a summary of the activity in the allowance for ship-and-debit credits: 

(In thousands) 
Allowance for ship-and-debit credits: 
Year ended December 31, 2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Year ended December 31, 2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Year ended December 31, 2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

     Balance at     
  Beginning    
     of Period      Additions     Deductions (1)    

  Balance at End 
of Period 

$
$
$

26,435
41,599
53,184

$ 311,443
$ 241,817
$ 202,159

$ 
$ 
$ 

 (296,279)  $
 (230,232)  $
 (219,326) $

41,599
53,184
36,017

(1)  Deductions  relate  to  ship-and-debit  credits  issued  which  adjust  the  sales  price  from  the  standard  distribution  price  to  the  pre-
approved lower price. Refer to Note 2, Significant Accounting Policies and Recent Accounting Pronouncements, for the Company’s 
revenue recognition policy, including the Company’s accounting for ship-and-debit claims. 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
    
 
 
 
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. 

Not applicable. 

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures. 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

Management is required to evaluate our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under 
the Exchange Act. Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures designed to provide reasonable 
assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this Annual Report 
on Form 10-K, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and 
Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to 
provide reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our 
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. 
Our disclosure controls and procedures include components of our internal control over financial reporting, which consists 
of control processes designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. To the extent 
that components of our internal control over financial reporting are included within our disclosure controls and procedures, 
they  are  included  in  the  scope  of  our  periodic  controls  evaluation.  Based  on  our  management’s  evaluation  (with  the 
participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer), our principal executive officer and principal 
financial  officer  have  concluded  that  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in  Rules  13a-15(e) and 
15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, 
as  defined  in  Rule 13a-15(f) under  the  Exchange  Act.  Internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  designed  to  provide 
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external 
reporting purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting 
includes those policies and procedures that: 

• 

• 

• 

pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the 
transactions and dispositions of our assets; 
provide  reasonable  assurance  that  transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of 
financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and that receipts and 
expenditures  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  our  management  and 
directors; and 
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use 
or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 

Internal  control  over  financial  reporting  cannot  provide  absolute  assurance  of  achieving  financial  reporting 
objectives because of its inherent limitations. Internal control over financial reporting is a process that involves human 
diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failures. Because of 
such limitations, there is a risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by internal 
control over financial reporting. 

Management  conducted  an  assessment  of  Power  Integrations’  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of 
December 31, 2023, based on the framework established by the Committee of Sponsoring Organization (COSO) of the 
Treadway Commission in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued in 2013. Based on this assessment, management 
concluded that, as of December 31, 2023, our internal control over financial reporting was effective. 

The effectiveness of Power Integrations’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, has 
been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP (PCAOB ID No. 34), an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated 
in their report which appears below. 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of 2023, which 
were identified in connection with management’s evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under 
the  Exchange  Act,  that  have  materially  affected  or  are  reasonably  likely  to  materially  affect  our  internal  control  over 
financial reporting. 

64 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Power Integrations, Inc. 

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Power Integrations, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) 
as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, 
in  all  material  respects,  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December 31, 2023,  based  on  criteria 
established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO. 

We  have  also  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United 
States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023, of the Company 
and our report dated February 12, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. 

Basis for Opinion  

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its 
assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s 
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal 
control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are 
required  to  be  independent  with  respect  to  the  Company  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the 
applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform 
the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained 
in  all  material  respects.  Our  audit  included  obtaining  an  understanding  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting, 
assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal 
control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. 
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with 
generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies 
and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the 
transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded 
as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, 
and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management 
and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (3) provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely  detection  of 
unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial 
statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP 
San Jose, California 
February 12, 2024 

65 

 
 
 
 
Item 9B. Other Information. 

Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans  

During  the  three  months  ended  December 31,  2023,  none  of  our  directors  or  officers  (as  defined  in  Rule 
16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale 
of our securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act 
or any “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K. 

Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections. 

Not applicable. 

66 

 
 
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. 

PART III 

The names of our executive officers and their ages, titles and biographies as of the date hereof are set forth under 

the caption “Information About our Executive Officers” in Part I, Item 1, above. 

The following information is included in our Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders and Proxy Statement to 
be filed within 120 days after our fiscal year end of December 31, 2023, or the Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein 
by reference: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Information regarding our directors and any persons nominated to become a director is set forth under 
the caption “Proposal 1 Election of Directors.” 
Information regarding our audit committee and our designated “audit committee financial expert” is set 
forth under the captions “Information Regarding the Board and its Committees” and “Audit Committee” 
under “Proposal 1 Election of Directors” and “Report of the Audit Committee of the Board.” 
Information on our code of business conduct and ethics for directors, officers and employees is set forth 
under the caption “Code of Business Conduct and Ethics” under “Proposal 1 Election of Directors.” 
Information regarding Section 16(a) beneficial ownership reporting compliance, if any, will be set forth 
under the caption “Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports.” 
Information  regarding  procedures  by  which  stockholders  may  recommend  nominees  to  our  board  of 
directors  is  set  forth under  the  caption  “Nominating  and Governance  Committee” under  “Proposal 1 
Election of Directors.” 

Item 11. Executive Compensation. 

Information regarding compensation of our named executive officers is set forth under the caption “Compensation 

of Executive Officers” in the Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference. 

Information regarding compensation of our directors is set forth under the caption “Compensation of Directors” 

in the Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference. 

Information relating to compensation policies and practices as they relate to risk management is set forth under 
the caption “Compensation Policies and Practices as They Relate to Risk Management” under “Proposal 1 Election of 
Directors” in the Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference. 

Information  regarding  compensation  committee  interlocks  is  set  forth  under  the  caption  "Compensation 
Committee  Interlocks  and  Insider  Participation"  in  the  Proxy  Statement,  which  information  is  incorporated  herein  by 
reference. 

The Compensation Committee Report is set forth under the caption “Compensation Committee Report” in the 

Proxy Statement, which report is incorporated herein by reference. 

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. 

Information regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners, directors and executive officers is set forth 
under the caption “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in the Proxy Statement, which 
information is incorporated herein by reference. 

Information  regarding  our  equity  compensation  plans,  including  both  stockholder  approved  plans  and  non-
stockholder approved plans, is set forth under the caption “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in the Proxy Statement, 
which information is incorporated herein by reference. 

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence. 

Information  regarding  certain  relationships  and  related  transactions  is  set  forth  under  the  caption  “Certain 

Relationships and Related Transactions” in the Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference. 

Information regarding director independence is set forth under the caption “Proposal 1 - Election of Directors” in 

the Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference. 

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services. 

Information  regarding  principal  auditor  fees  and  services  is  set  forth  under  “Principal  Accountant  Fees  and 
Services” in the Proposal with the caption “Ratification of Selection of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” 
in the Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference. 

67 

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 

(a) 

PART IV 

1.  The financial statements required by Item 15(a) are included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

2.  The  financial  statement  schedule  required  by  Item 15(a) (Schedule  II,  Valuation  and  Qualifying  Accounts)  is 

included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

All  other  schedules  are  omitted  because  they  are  not  applicable  or  the  required  information  is  shown  in  the 
consolidated financial statements or notes thereto. 

(b)   Exhibits 

Exhibit 
Number 

Exhibit Description 

Form

Incorporation by Reference 
   Exhibit/Appendix 
Reference 

File 
Number

Filing Date

Filed 
Herewith

3.1  Restated Certificate of Incorporation 

10-K

000-23441

3.2  Amended and Restated Bylaws 

8-K

000-23441

4.1  Description of Power Integrations, Inc. 

10-K 

000-23441 

Common Stock 

3.1

3.1

4.1 

  2/29/2012

  4/26/2013

  2/6/2020 

4.2  Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1 to 3.2

10.1*  Form of Indemnity Agreement for directors 

S-1 

333-35421 

10.1 

  9/11/1997 

and officers 

10.2*  Power Integrations, Inc. Compliance Policy 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.63 

  3/2/2009 

Regarding IRC Section 409A 

10.3*  1997 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.1 

  7/29/2021 

amended 

10.4*  Forms of agreement under 1997 Employee 

S-1 

333-35421 

10.5 

  9/11/1997 

Stock Purchase Plan 

10.5*  1997 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan

10-Q

000-23441

10.6*  Forms of agreement under 1997 Outside 

S-1 

333-35421 

Directors Stock Option Plan 

10.2 

10.4 

  10/29/2020

  9/11/1997 

10.7*  Form of Director Option Grant Agreement.

10.8*  Director Equity Compensation Program

10-Q

10-K

000-23441

10.9 

  5/6/2009

000-23441

10.10 

  2/7/2020

10.9*  Forms of Stock Option Agreements to be 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.5 

  11/7/2008 

used in Director Equity Compensation 
Program 

10.10*  Outside Director Cash Compensation 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.12 

  2/7/2020 

Arrangements 

10.11*  2007 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended and 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.3 

  10/29/2020

restated 

10.12*  Forms of Option Agreements under the 2007 

  Schedule TO 000-23441 

99.(D)(4) 

  12/3/2008 

Equity Incentive Plan 

68 

 
   
   
  
   
  
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
Exhibit 
Number 

Exhibit Description 

Form

Incorporation by Reference 
   Exhibit/Appendix 
Reference 

File 
Number

Filing Date

Filed 
Herewith

10.13*  Power Integrations, Inc. Amended and 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.2 

  7/29/2021 

Restated 2016 Incentive Award Plan 

10.14*  Form of Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notice 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.25 

  2/8/2017 

and Agreement under the 2016 Incentive 
Award Plan 

10.15*  Form of Performance Stock Unit Notice and 
Agreement under the 2016 Equity Incentive 
Plan 

10.16*  Form of Long Term Performance Stock Unit 
Notice and Agreement under the 2016 Equity 
Incentive Plan 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.26 

  2/8/2017 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.16 

  2/7/2022 

10.17†  Wafer Supply Agreement between us and 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.2 

  11/7/2023 

ZMD Analog Mixed Signal Services 
GmbH & Co. KG, dated as of May 23, 2003

10.18†  Amended and Restated Wafer Supply 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.3 

  11/7/2023 

Agreement between us and OKI Electric 
Industry Co., Ltd., dated as of April 1, 2003

10.19†  Amendment Number One to the Amended 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.1 

  11/7/2023 

and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement 
between us and OKI Electric Industry Co., 
Ltd., effective as of August 11, 2004 

10.20  Amendment Number Two to the Amended 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.5 

  8/8/2008 

and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement 
between Power Integrations International, 
Ltd. and OKI Electric Industry Co., Ltd., 
effective as of April 1, 2008 

10.21  Amendment Number Three to the Amended 
and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement 
between Power Integrations International, 
Ltd. and OKI Electric Industry Co., Ltd., 
effective as of June 9, 2008 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.6 

  8/8/2008 

10.22†  Amendment Number Four to the Amended 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.2 

  11/7/2008 

and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement 
between Power Integrations International, 
Ltd. and OKI Electric Industry Co., Ltd., 
dated September 15, 2008 

10.23†  Amendment Number Five to the Amended 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.61 

  3/2/2009 

and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement 
between Power Integrations International, 
Ltd. and OKI Semiconductor Co., Ltd., 
effective as of November 14, 2008 

10.24†  Amendment Number Six to the Amended and 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.32 

  2/11/2016 

Restated Wafer Supply Agreement between 
Power Integrations International, Ltd. and 
OKI Semiconductor Co., Ltd., effective as of 
November 1, 2015 

69 

   
   
  
   
  
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
Exhibit 
Number 

Exhibit Description 

Form

Incorporation by Reference 
   Exhibit/Appendix 
Reference 

File 
Number

Filing Date

Filed 
Herewith

10.25†  Amendment Number Seven to the Amended 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.1 

  11/1/2016 

and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement 
between Power Integrations International, 
Ltd. and OKI Semiconductor Co., Ltd., 
effective as of August 8, 2016 

10.26†  Amendment Number Eight to the Amended 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.3 

  8/4/2022 

and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement 
between Power Integrations International, 
Ltd. and OKI Semiconductor Co., Ltd., 
effective as of July 26, 2017 

10.27††  Amendment Number Nine to the Amended 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.2 

  4/25/2019 

and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement, 
between Power Integrations International, 
Ltd. and Lapis Semiconductor Co., Ltd. 
(formerly OKI Semiconductor Co., Ltd.), 
effective as of February 6, 2019 

10.28†  Wafer Supply Agreement, between Seiko 
Epson Corporation and Power Integrations 
International, Ltd. effective as of April 1, 
2005 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.1 

  11/7/2008 

10.29†  Amendment Number One to the Wafer 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.1 

  5/6/2009 

Supply Agreement between Power 
Integrations International, Ltd. and Seiko 
Epson Corporation, with an effective date of 
December 19, 2008 

10.30†  Amendment Number Two to Wafer Supply 
Agreement, between Seiko Epson 
Corporation and Power Integrations 
International, Ltd., entered into on January 5, 
2011 

10.31†  Amendment Number Three to Wafer Supply 
Agreement, effective as of February 1, 2012, 
by Power Integrations International Ltd. and 
Seiko Epson Corporation 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.47 

  2/25/2011 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.35 

  2/5/2021 

10.32†  Development Addendum to Wafer Supply 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.36 

  2/5/2021 

Agreement, dated September 22, 2013, 
between Seiko Epson Corporation and Power 
Integrations International Ltd 

10.33†  Amendment Number Four to Wafer Supply 
Agreement, effective as of April 1, 2015, by 
Power Integrations International Ltd. and 
Seiko Epson Corporation 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.37 

  2/5/2021 

10.34†  Amendment Number Five to Wafer Supply 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.38 

  2/5/2021 

Agreement, effective as of November 2, 
2015, by Power Integrations International 
Ltd. and Seiko Epson Corporation 

10.35†  Amendment Number Six to Wafer Supply 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.39 

  2/5/2021 

Agreement, effective as of December 8, 
2015, by Power Integrations International 
Ltd. and Seiko Epson Corporation 

70 

   
   
  
   
  
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 
Number 

Exhibit Description 

Form

Incorporation by Reference 
   Exhibit/Appendix 
Reference 

File 
Number

Filing Date

Filed 
Herewith

10.36†  Amendment Number Seven to Wafer Supply 
Agreement, effective as of October 3, 2016, 
by Power Integrations International Ltd. and 
Seiko Epson Corporation 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.46 

  2/8/2017 

10.37†  Amendment Number Eight to Wafer Supply 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.47 

  2/8/2017 

Agreement, effective as of November 8, 2016 
by Power Integrations International Ltd. and 
Seiko Epson Corporation 

10.38†  Amendment Number One to the Amended 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.4 

  11/7/2023 

and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement 
between Power Integrations International, 
Ltd. and XFAB Dresden GmbH & Co. KG, 
effective as of July 20, 2005 

10.39†  Wafer Supply Agreement, made and entered 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.2 

  5/8/2012 

into as of October 1, 2010, by and between 
Power Integrations International, Ltd., and X-
FAB Semiconductor Foundries AG 

10.40†  Amendment Number One to Wafer Supply 
Agreement, effective as of January 1, 2014, 
between Power Integrations International, 
Ltd., and X-FAB Semiconductor Foundries 
AG 

10-Q/A 

000-23441 

10.2 

  9/19/2014 

10.41†  Amendment Number Two to the Wafer 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.52 

  2/13/2019 

Supply Agreement, effective as of 
December 1, 2018, between Power 
Integrations International, Ltd., and X-FAB 
Semiconductor Foundries GmbH (formerly 
X-FAB Semiconductor Foundries AG)

10.42  Amendment Number Three to the Amended 
and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement 
between Power Integrations International, 
Ltd. And X-FAB Semiconductor Foundries 
AG, effective as of April 21, 2021 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.4 

  7/29/2021 

10.43  Credit Agreement, dated July 27, 2016, by 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.1 

  7/29/2016 

and between Power Integrations Inc. and 
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

10.44  First Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated 
April 30, 2018 by and between Power 
Integrations, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, 
National Association 

10.45  Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, 
dated June 7, 2021 by and between Power 
Integrations, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, 
National Association  

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.1 

  7/26/2018 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.3 

  7/29/2021 

10.46*  2019 Executive Officer Compensation 

10-K 

000-23441 

Item 9B 

  2/13/2019 

Arrangements and 2019 Performance Based 
Incentive Plan 

71 

   
   
  
   
  
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
Exhibit 
Number 

Exhibit Description 

Form

Incorporation by Reference 
   Exhibit/Appendix 
Reference 

File 
Number

Filing Date

Filed 
Herewith

10.47*  2018 Executive Officer Cash Compensation 
Arrangements and 2018 Performance Based 
Incentive Plan 

10-K 

000-23441 

Item 9B 

  2/14/2018 

10.48*  Form of Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notice 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.6 

  8/6/2010 

and Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award 
Agreement for executive officers for use 
prior to January 2013 

10.49*  Form of Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notice 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.48 

  2/22/2013 

and Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award 
Agreement for executive officers for use after 
January 2013 

10.50*  Amended and Restated Chief Executive 
Officer Benefits Agreement, dated as of 
May 1, 2014, between Power Integrations, 
Inc. and Balu Balakrishnan 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.3 

  5/5/2014 

10.51*  Amended and Restated Executive Officer 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.5 

  5/5/2014 

Benefits Agreement, dated as of May 1, 
2014, between Power Integrations, Inc. and 
Cliff Walker 

10.52*  Amended and Restated Executive Officer 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.6 

  5/5/2014 

Benefits Agreement, dated as of May 1, 
2014, between Power Integrations, Inc. and 
Doug Bailey 

10.53*  Amended and Restated Executive Officer 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.8 

  5/5/2014 

Benefits Agreement, dated as of May 1, 
2014, between Power Integrations, Inc. and 
Sandeep Nayyar 

10.54*  Amended and Restated Executive Officer 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.10 

  5/5/2014 

Benefits Agreement, dated as of May 1, 
2014, between Power Integrations, Inc. and 
Mike Matthews 

10.55*  Amended and Restated Executive Officer 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.11 

  5/5/2014 

Benefits Agreement, dated as of May 1, 
2014, between Power Integrations, Inc. and 
Radu Barsan 

10.56††  ON Semiconductor Corporation Settlement 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.61 

  2/7/2020 

Agreement 

10.57††  ON Semiconductor Corporation Term Sheet

10-K

000-23441

10.62 

  2/7/2020

10.58†  Amendment Number Ten to the Amended 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.1 

  5/7/2020 

and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement, 
between Power Integrations International, 
Ltd. and Lapis Semiconductor Co., Ltd. 
(formerly OKI Semiconductor Co., Ltd.), 
effective as of December 16, 2019 

72 

   
   
  
   
  
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 
Number 

Exhibit Description 

Form

Incorporation by Reference 
   Exhibit/Appendix 
Reference 

File 
Number

Filing Date

Filed 
Herewith

10.59†  Amendment Number Eleven to the Amended 
and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement, 
between Power Integrations International, 
Ltd. and Lapis Semiconductor Co., Ltd. 
(formerly OKI Semiconductor Co., Ltd.), 
effective as of December 20, 2019 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.2 

  5/7/2020 

10.60†††  Amendment Number Twelve to the Amended 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.2 

  4/29/2021 

and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement, 
between Power Integrations International, 
Ltd. and Lapis Semiconductor Co., Ltd. 
(formerly OKI Semiconductor Co., Ltd.), 
effective as of September 17, 2020 

10.61†††  Amendment Number Thirteen to the 
Amended and Restated Wafer Supply 
Agreement between Power Integrations, Ltd. 
d.b.a. Power Integrations International, Ltd. 
And Lapis Semiconductor Co., Ltd. 
(formerly OKI Semiconductor Co., Ltd.), 
effective as of February 17, 2022 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.1 

  4/28/2022 

10.62†  Amendment Number Nine to Wafer Supply 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.3 

  5/7/2020 

Agreement, effective as of November 1, 2017 
by Power Integrations International Ltd. and 
Seiko Epson Corporation 

10.63*  2020 Compensation Arrangements with 

10-K 

000-23441 

Item 9B 

  2/7/2020 

Named Executive Officers 

10.64*  Amendment to the Amended and Restated 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.2 

  7/30/2020 

Executive Officer Benefits Agreement, dated 
as of June 1, 2020, between Power 
Integrations, Inc. and Balu Balakrishnan

10.65*  Amendment to the Amended and Restated 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.3 

  7/30/2020 

Executive Officer Benefits Agreement, dated 
as of June 1, 2020, between Power 
Integrations, Inc. and Douglas Bailey 

10.66*  Amendment to the Amended and Restated 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.4 

  7/30/2020 

Executive Officer Benefits Agreement, dated 
as of June 1, 2020, between Power 
Integrations, Inc. and Radu Barsan 

10.67*  Amendment to the Amended and Restated 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.6 

  7/30/2020 

Executive Officer Benefits Agreement, dated 
as of June 1, 2020, between Power 
Integrations, Inc. and Mike Matthews

10.68*  Amendment to the Amended and Restated 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.7 

  7/30/2020 

Executive Officer Benefits Agreement, dated 
as of June 1, 2020, between Power 
Integrations, Inc. and Sandeep Nayyar

10.69*  Amendment to the Amended and Restated 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.9 

  7/30/2020 

Executive Officer Benefits Agreement, dated 
as of June 1, 2020, between Power 
Integrations, Inc. and Clifford Walker

73 

   
   
  
   
  
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 
Number 

Exhibit Description 

Form

Incorporation by Reference 
   Exhibit/Appendix 
Reference 

File 
Number

Filing Date

10.70*  Executive Officer Benefits Agreement, dated 
as of February 1, 2021, between Power 
Integrations, Inc. and Sunil Gupta 

10.71*  Executive Officer Benefits Agreement, dated 
as of June 14, 2021, between Power 
Integrations, Inc. and Yang Chiah Yee

10.72*  Executive Officer Benefits Agreement, dated 
as of August 1, 2022, between Power 
Integrations, Inc. and Sunil Gupta 

10.73*  Executive Officer Benefits Agreement, dated 
as of August 1, 2022, between Power 
Integrations, Inc. and Yang Chiah Yee

10.74  Amendment Number Ten to Wafer Supply 
Agreement, effective as of August 26, 2020 
by Power Integrations International Ltd. and 
Seiko Epson Corporation 

10-K 

000-23441 

10.73 

  2/5/2021 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.5 

  7/29/2021 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.1 

  8/4/2022 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.2 

  8/4/2022 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.5 

  10/29/2020

10.75†††  Amendment Number Eleven to Wafer Supply 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.1 

  5/4/2023 

Agreement, effective as of September 16, 
2022 by Power Integrations International Ltd. 
and Seiko Epson Corporation 

10.76  Third Amendment to Credit Agreement, 
dated June 28, 2023 between Power 
Integrations, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, 
National Association 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.1 

  8/3/2023 

10.77†††  Amendment Number Five to the Amended 

10-Q 

000-23441 

10.5 

  11/7/2023 

and Restated Wafer Supply Agreement 
between Power Integrations International, 
Ltd. and X-FAB Dresden GmbH & Co. KG, 
dated December 23, 2009. 

21.1  List of subsidiaries 

10-K

000-23441

21.1 

  2/7/2022

23.1  Consent of Independent Registered Public 

Accounting Firm 

24.1  Power of Attorney (see signature page)

31.1  Certification of Chief Executive Officer 
pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002 

31.2  Certification of Chief Financial Officer 
pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002 

32.1**  Certification of Chief Executive Officer 
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002 

74 

Filed 
Herewith

X 

X

X 

X 

X 

   
   
  
   
  
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 
Number 

Exhibit Description 

Form

32.2**  Certification of Chief Financial Officer 
pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-
Oxley Act of 2002 

97*  Incentive Compensation Recoupment Policy

101.INS  XBRL Instance Document 

101.SCH  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema 

Document 

101.CAL  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation 

Linkbase Document

101.DEF  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition 

Linkbase Document

101.LAB  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase 

Document 

101.PRE  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation 

Linkbase Document

104  The cover page from this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K, formatted in Inline XBRL

Incorporation by Reference 
   Exhibit/Appendix 
Reference 

File 
Number

Filing Date

Filed 
Herewith

X 

X

X

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

X 

All references in the table above to previously filed documents or descriptions are incorporating those documents 

and descriptions by reference thereto. 

†  This Exhibit has been filed separately with the Commission pursuant to an application for confidential treatment. The 

confidential portions of this Exhibit have been omitted and are marked by an asterisk. 

††  Portions of this exhibit have been omitted as being immaterial and would be competitively harmful if disclosed. 

††† Portions  of  this  exhibit  have  been  omitted  as  being  immaterial  and  is  the  type  of  information  that  Power 

Integrations, Inc. treats as private or confidential. 

* 

Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. 

**  The certifications attached as Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 accompanying this Form 10-K, are not deemed filed with the 
SEC, and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Power Integrations, Inc. under the Securities Act 
of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of 
this Form 10-K, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing. 

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary 

None. 

75 

   
   
  
   
  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to 

be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. 

     POWER INTEGRATIONS, INC. 

SIGNATURES 

Dated: February 12, 2024 

  By: 

/s/ SANDEEP NAYYAR 
Sandeep Nayyar 
Chief Financial Officer (Duly Authorized Officer, 
Principal Financial Officer and Chief Accounting 
Officer) 

76 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
d 

POWER OF ATTORNEY 

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes 
and appoints Balu Balakrishnan and Sandeep Nayyar his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power 
of substitution and, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities to sign any and all 
amendments to this Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection 
therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent full power and 
authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as 
fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said 
attorney-in-fact and agent, or his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. 

PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934, THIS REPORT 
HAS  BEEN  SIGNED  BY  THE  FOLLOWING  PERSONS  ON  BEHALF  OF  THE  REGISTRANT  AND  IN  THE 
CAPACITIES INDICATED AS OF THE 12TH DAY OF FEBRUARY 2024. 

By: 

By: 

By: 

By: 

By: 

By: 

By: 

By: 

/s/ BALU BALAKRISHNAN 
Balu Balakrishnan 
Chairman of the Board and  
President, Chief Executive Officer 
(Principal Executive Officer) 

/s/ SANDEEP NAYYAR 
Sandeep Nayyar 
Chief Financial Officer 
(Principal Financial and Principal Accounting 
Officer) 

/s/ BALAKRISHNAN S. IYER 
Balakrishnan S. Iyer 
Lead Independent Director 

/s/ WENDY ARIENZO 
Wendy Arienzo 
Director 

/s/ NICHOLAS E. BRATHWAITE 
Nicholas E. Brathwaite 
Director 

/s/ ANITA GANTI 
Anita Ganti 
Director 

/s/ NANCY GIOIA 
Nancy Gioia 
Director 

/s/ RAVI VIG 
Ravi Vig 
Director 

77 

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(This page intentionally left blank)

Corporate Counsel 
Cooley LLP 
Palo Alto, CA

Transfer Agent 
Computershare 
c/o Shareholder Services 
PO Box 43006 
Providence RI 02940-3006

Independent Auditors 
Deloitte & Touche LLP 
San Jose, CA

Investor Information 
For additional information about 
Power Integrations, visit: 
www.power.com

Investor Relations 
Investor Relations Department 
Power Integrations, Inc. 
5245 Hellyer Avenue 
San Jose, CA 95138 
ir@power.com

Wendy A. Arienzo 
Former Vice President, Operations 
FUJIFILM Dimatix, Inc., Retired

Balu Balakrishnan 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
Power Integrations, Inc.

Nicholas E. Brathwaite 
Founding Managing Partner,  
Celesta Capital

Anita Ganti 
Former Senior Vice President, 
Product Engineering Services 
Wipro Limited

Nancy L. Gioia 
Former Director of Electrification  
and Connectivity, 
Ford Motor Company, Retired 

Balakrishnan S. Iyer 
Former Senior Vice President  
and Chief Financial Officer 
Conexant Systems, Inc., Retired

Ravi Vig 
Former President and CEO, 
Allegro Microsystems, Inc., Retired 

Balu Balakrishnan 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Doug Bailey 
Vice President, Marketing

Vikram Balakrishnan 
Vice President, High-Power  
Gate Drivers & Automotive 

Radu Barsan 
Vice President, Technology

Sunny Gupta 
Vice President, Operations

Mike Matthews 
Vice President,  
Chief Technical Officer

Sandeep Nayyar 
Vice President, Finance 
Chief Financial Officer

Roland Saint-Pierre 
Vice President,  
Product Development 

Clifford J. Walker 
Vice President, 
Corporate Development

Yang Chiah Yee 
Vice President, Worldwide Sales

Power Integrations, Inc. 5245 Hellyer Avenue, San Jose, CA 95138 www.power.com
©2024 Power Integrations. Power Integrations and the Power Integrations logo are registered trademarks of Power Integrations, Inc. 
All rights reserved.

Board of DirectorsManagement TeamCorporate Information