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PowerHouse Energy Group Plc

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FY2018 Annual Report · PowerHouse Energy Group Plc
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POWERHOUSE ENERGY GROUP PLC 

COMPANY NUMBER: 03934451 

Annual Report and Financial Statements 
For the year ended 31 December 2018 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors 

COMPANY INFORMATION 

William Cameron Davies (Chairman) 
David Ryan (Chief Executive Officer) 
Nigel Brent Fitzpatrick (Director) 
James John Pryn Greenstreet (Director) 

Company secretary 

Nigel Brent Fitzpatrick 

Company number 

03934451 

Registered office 

Website 

Bankers 

Nominated Adviser 

Registrar 

Auditor 

10b Russell Court 
Woolgate 
Cottingley Business Park 
Bingley BD16 1PE 

www.powerhouseenergy.net 

HSBC 
79 Piccadilly 
London W1J 8EU  

WH Ireland 
24 Martin Lane 
London EC4R 0DR 

Neville Registrars Limited 
Neville House, 18 Laurel Lane 
Halesowen B63 3DA  

Jeffreys Henry LLP 
Finsgate 5-7 
Cranwood Street 
London EC1V 9EE 

Forward-looking statements 
This report includes forward-looking statements. Whilst these forward-looking statements are made in good 
faith, they are based upon the information available to PowerHouse Energy Group PLC at the date of this 
report and upon current expectations, projections, market conditions and assumptions about future events. 
These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about the Company 
and should be treated with an appropriate degree of caution. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONTENTS 

2018 HIGHLIGHTS ............................................................................................................ 4 

CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT ............................................................................................. 6 

STRATEGIC REPORT ....................................................................................................... 8 

DIRECTORS’ REPORT ................................................................................................... 15 

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT ........................................................................ 20 

REMUNERATION COMMITTEE REPORT ..................................................................... 26 

REPORT OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE ......................................................................... 28 

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES .................................................... 29 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT ........................................................................... 30 

STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ............................................................. 35 

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION ....................................................................... 36 

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS .................................................................................... 37 

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY ....................................................................... 38 

NOTES TO THE ACCOUNTS ......................................................................................... 39 

 
 
2018 HIGHLIGHTS 

2018 Highlights 

Engineering and Research 

•  Engineering design of Distributed Modular Generation (DMG) for commercial application completed; 

-  Completion of all air quality modelling & compliance modelling; 

-  Extensive testing/trials program to align our engineering models resulting in target output 

increase; 

-  Outputs tested and commercialisation demonstrated; 

•  Upgrade  of  research  demonstrator  and  acquisition  of  laboratory  equipment  to  enable  paid  trials  to 

commence; 

•  Production of electricity started and exported to the University of Chester microgrid; 

•  Technical assurance activities leading to an Independent validation of the DMG process by DNV GL; 

Business Development  

•  Engaged waste recycling sector companies and attracted significant attention; 

•  Developed proposals for UK sites and engaged in customer clarification processes; 

Financial  

•  Three successful equity raises with total gross proceeds in year of £3.6m; 

•  Funds raised were used for Engineering, Research and Business development activities;  

•  Settled the Hillgrove convertible loan note; 

•  Secured acceptance by HMRC for EIS investment status; 

Post Year end 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Appointment of David Ryan as CEO; 

Undertook  operational  review  to  reduce  monthly  overhead  by  over  25%  and  focus  on  development 
programme; 

Announced the future development of the first site by Peel Environmental (“Peel”) and Waste2Tricity 
(“W2T”) at the Peel Environmental Protos Energy Park in Cheshire; 

Received first revenue contract for supply of engineering services; 

Initiated first paid field trials for customer; 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
2018 HIGHLIGHTS 

Dr. Cameron Davies, Chairman of Powerhouse Energy PLC, said 

“2018  was  a  breakthrough  year  for  the  development  of  Powerhouse  Energy  and  our  Distributed  Modular 

Technology application, our research and engineering design efforts resulted in the finalisation of the commercial 

design  for  the  DMG  process.  This  design  was  then  independently  validated  from  a  safety,  technical  and 

operational perspective by internationally recognized risk management company DNV GL. 

The interest from potential customers has been overwhelming, culminating in the recent announcement that a 

customer will install the first DMG process plant at the Protos Energy Park in the coming months. The operation 

of the DMG on our first sites will be the enabler to allow us to convert our strong proposal pipeline into actual 

sales for future revenues and ultimate profitability”. 

5 

 
 
 
 
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

Chairman’s Statement 

2018 was a successful breakthrough year for Powerhouse Energy and our DMG technology. The Company has 
matured the design of the DMG product, firming up manufactured component selection and with the process 
design complete we successfully achieved validation of the process design by DNV GL. 

During  the  year  we  improved  the  performance  of  the  research  demonstrator’s  and  purchased  purpose  built 
laboratory equipment that will allow the team at Thornton Science Park at the University of Chester to contract 
with customers to provide tailored programmes using various plastic and other feedstocks. 

Powerhouse Energy will be a technology provider, with paid services for engineering, licensing and operational 
support. In addition to sales and licensing, our revenues will be augmented by the delivery of specific technical 
services, pre-sale and in operation - based on this strategy we have successfully applied for EIS status. 

With the design complete, we are now able to offer proposals for the application of DMG at a number of waste 
management  customer  sites.  We  are  also  signing  co-operation  agreements  with  potential  partners  for  the 
application engineering at sites being developed through 2019.  

The DMG platform of using unrecyclable waste plastic to both hydrogen and electrical power has generated 
significant interest and opportunities have arisen for this application from international industrial partners, waste 
companies and project developers. 

Board changes 

In February 2019, the Group’s Chief Executive Officer, Keith Allaun, stepped down from his role for personal 
reasons.  I  would  like  to  thank  Keith  for  his  contribution  to  the  Company  and  his  considerable  achievements 
during his tenure.  

We  recognised  that  the  Company  had  entered  a  new  phase  and  that  the  market  demanded  technical 
engagement  as  part  of  the  sales  and  delivery  process,  David  Ryan,  the  Group’s  technical  director,  was 
appointed as the new Chief Executive Officer. With over 38 years of energy industry experience, David was the 
natural choice to succeed Keith in the role. His international technical project delivery experience and commercial 
acumen is aligned to the current operations as the Company focusses on the next stage of its development into 
a sales led, revenue generating and ultimately profitable organisation. 

Outlook 

As part of our reorganization, and to allow the Company focus on the DMG development programme, we have 
streamlined our non-core activities and commitments, reduced expenditure and enabled existing capital funds 
to support the pre-project stage. The financial position will be aided by the revenue generation activities arising 
from the sale of the first DMG plant and paid trials and laboratory tests to be undertaken for third parties at 
Thornton. 

Our customer engagement programme has advanced significantly with a firm order announced for the first DMG 
plant. There is strong customer interest with a healthy pipeline of potential orders developed by the sales and 
application engineering teams. 

6 

 
 
 
 
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

The  Company  moved  into  2019  funded  for  the  pre-project  stage  and  now,  with  initial  revenue  generation, 
product sales and trialing programmes under way, the indicators are good for a strong sales performance for 
our waste plastics to hydrogen process for power and hydrogen generation in the coming years. 

I  am  excited  that  we  have  completed  of  our  programme  of  plastic  and  tyre  feedstock  testing  using  the 
demonstrator  at  Thornton  at  a  time  when  worldwide  media  and  government  attention  is  being  increasingly 
focused on solving the problem of waste plastic polluting the oceans and the countryside. It also coincides with 
huge interest in the use of hydrogen as a replacement environmentally friendly fuel for trucks, ships and trains.  

Dr Cameron Davies 
Non-Executive Chairman 
26 June 2019

7 

 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

Strategic Report 

Business Strategy 

PowerHouse  Energy  (PHE)  designs,  delivers  and  licenses  plastic  regeneration  processes  to  generate  clean 
energy. The company product that allows for the regeneration of plastic to power and hydrogen is the Distributed 
Modular Generation (DMG®). A commercial DMG unit is typically sized for processing a nominal 25 tonnes per 
day of waste plastics to export typically 2.4MW of electricity and produce up to 2 tonnes of hydrogen. DMG 
takes waste plastics that cannot be recycled and regenerates them into clean energy that can be separate into 
hydrogen for delivery either as clean fuel for transport or as a feedstock in other applications in the chemicals 
and plastics industries. 

PHE  will  sell  the  product  platforms,  with  associated  paid  services  for  engineering,  licensing  and  operational 
support. In addition to DMG sales and licensing, revenues will be generated by the delivery of technical services, 
through consulting, pre-sales and in operation. The addition of laboratory equipment and improvement in the 
performance of the research demonstrator throughout 2018 now allows the Company to offer paid customer 
feedstock trials and test programmes at Thornton Energy Centre. 

Summary of Progress 
Throughout  2018  the  Company  continued  its  progress  to  commerciality,  with  completion  of  the  engineering 
programme, then validation of the technology by independent consultants DNV GL and subsequently engaging 
customers. This has put in place the final pieces required to take orders for its products and services. 

The first application of the DMG product has now been contracted by Waste2tricity Ltd for a site in North West 
England.  The site has been leased by W2T from Peel Environmental on the Protos Energy Park. 

The Company is in further negotiations for contracts for DMG applications at a number of other UK sites. 

The strategy following the first commercial site in the UK is to target multiple applications across the UK and 
also overseas to monetise plastic waste streams in regions where waste problems exist and favourable market 
conditions prevail. These areas include South East Asia, Japan, Australia and Europe. 

Commercialisation  

Testing and Modelling 
Throughout 2018, customer feedstock tests continued with potential host recyclers offering many different forms 
of plastic feedstocks for testing in the research demonstrator. These feedstocks included shredded tyres, mixed 
automotive  plastic,  cable  insulation,  shredded  labels  and  mixed  plastics,  shredded  beach  waste,  SRF  and 
biomass. Through these testing runs we secured the chemical engineering parameters for our 25 tonnes per 
day commercial plant and detailed design parameters were defined for the control systems for this commercial 
operation. 

Design 
The  design  of  the  DMG  generic  process  was  completed  in  2018.  The  design  minimises  on-site  installation 
activities, reducing any execution risks as installation consists of engineered, pre-fabricated components, off the 
shelf skids, pre-assembled piping and structures thus facilitating speedy site installation. 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

Customer Field Trials  
At  Thornton  we  upgraded  the  day  research  demonstrator  and  added  a  laboratory  test  unit,  designed  and 
manufactured to PHE specification. The Company has now commenced offering the equipment and analytical 
services to potential customers and also paid trials of plastic and other feedstocks. The laboratory equipment 
will  allow  speedy  testing  responses  for  specific  feedstock  modelling.  The  assets  allow  validation  of  the 
company’s chemical engineering assessments and modelling against customers’ feedstocks and extending the 
testing for a broader range of waste feedstocks. 

Partnerships 
A  key  success  factor  for  the  DMG  technology  will  be  our  partnerships  with  waste  recyclers,  vendors  and 
suppliers and we are seeking to conclude agreements with both local and international partners in 2019. 

Our  partnership  with  W2T  initiated  in  2017  for  business  development  has  matured  through  to  W2T  signing 
contracts to act as a project developer for the first DMG process application at Protos. 

Sales 

From mid 2018 the Company has been engaging with customers. In May 2019, Peel and W2T announced the 
development of the first commercial operation at the Peel Environmental Protos Energy Park development. This 
site has immediate potential for supplying power to and taking plastic from local users and this factor has driven 
W2T and Peel to give precedence in developing this site.  

The initial contract for PHE is to commence design, planning and permitting activities and, subject to financial 
close, the design, supply and licence of the first operational DMG process. The site is at the heart of the North 
West Hydrogen Hub and Peel have visions for a number of developments with W2T to roll out the technology in 
the region with a collective desire to work quickly through a programme of delivery of an additional five sites.  

The Ellesmere Port site that PHE agreed directly with Peel will be maintained as one of the potential locations. 
The planning and permitting application material for this site is completed, however our customer considers the 
Protos site offers immediate significant commercial benefits.  

Business Development  

During 2018 we progressed the application engineering necessary to assess the feasibility for DMG installation 
at  a  number  of  host  sites,  where  developers  co-locate  the  DMG  installation  alongside  existing  independent 
waste recyclers and sources of non-recyclable plastics. These sites will be worked to development stage for 
implementation subsequent to successful completion of the first operational site at Protos. 

The funding dialogue with developers is intended to support a pipeline of DMG applications on multiple sites 
and successful conclusion of these negotiations will result in the funding of many sites through 2020 and beyond. 

Pipeline of UK Prospects 
During  the  year  the  advantages  of  the  technology  have  been  demonstrated  to  a  number  of  internationally 
recognised waste companies, the technical sales message emphasising the use of proven components and the 
assurance of the DNV GL Validation has resulted in potential customers accelerating their planning to employ 
DMG technology.  

In  the  coming  year  our  team  will  be  carrying  out  further  work  with  the  major  waste  companies  to  share  the 
technology execution and operational innovations, reduce risk perception within our customer base and enable 
their investment decisions to be made. 

9 

 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

Overseas Pipeline of Prospects 
Our engagement in international operations will rely on experienced local partner organisations either as project 
developers and asset owners or alternatively through industrial partners engaging with us in the design, delivery 
and operating of the DMG technology. 

Our  customer  engagement  and  opportunity  identification  in  South  East  Asia  is  to  attract  partners  looking  to 
monetise plastic waste streams in regions where waste problems and favourable market conditions exist. In 
Japan  and  Korea,  for  example,  where  significant  market  opportunities  arise  from  their  rapidly  progressing 
hydrogen economies, the partnership model extends into a multiple roll out of operations to regenerate plastic 
and create hydrogen. 

Within  Europe  our  target  is  to  secure  development  partners  and  we  aim  to  develop  the  current  alliances  to 
partnerships through 2019. 

Engineering Services, Trialing and Development Sales 
The Company is now in a position to provide paid studies for third party applications and will offer proposals for 
consulting and use of the research demonstrator and laboratory equipment at the Energy Centre, University of 
Chester as a source of revenues, with the intention that the company can become cash positive at an operational 
level through 2020. 

Market Context 

Waste Plastic  
The  awareness  of  plastic  waste  management  challenges  has  never  been  greater,  the  market  demand  for  a 
plastics regeneration solution is strong and it is driving customers, investors in projects and blue chip waste 
companies  to  the  Powerhouse  Energy  DMG  process.  In  developed  regions,  regulations  are  driving  plastic 
wastes away from landfill and towards alternative routes such as the DMG process. In the developing world 
where waste management infrastructure is less developed DMG offers a local solution to waste management 
and to electricity supply. 

Hydrogen 
The Company strategy is committed to supporting the development of hydrogen economy, primarily within the 
adoption of fuel cell heavy goods transportation, and in the longer term, flexing of the grid gas specifications to 
enable DMG produced gasses as well as bio-gas to be added. 

During 2018 the Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy set up an initiative for the “Hydrogen 
Economy” and several trade bodies have been set up or further expanded within the period. Powerhouse has 
actively engaged with these organisations to achieve be part of the infrastructure plans at the leading edge of 
the hydrogen market.  PHE are active members of the North West hydrogen Hub and the UK Hydrogen and 
Fuel Cell association. 

Intellectual Property 

The research and technology development IP is protected within the chemical engineering models and control 
systems of the process and the Company has been particularly focused on retaining this unique knowledge 
within the teams. In project development these algorithms will be retained with control equipment that remains 
under the ownership of the Company.  

Notwithstanding this specific knowledge retention, the Company has chosen to protect the IP within a family of 
generic and specific patent applications. These will mature in parallel with the development programme ensuring 
that the know-how developed through the engineering, commissioning and operation of the early DMG sites is 
captured to provide a greater depth of IP and patent protection.  

10 

 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

Resources  

During 2018 the Company strengthened its commercial and engineering teams, bringing in experienced new 
staff to aid commercial development and customer engagement.  

It intends to continue recruitment in the business development and engineering teams to accelerate engagement 
with customers and roll out the DMG product to local international customers. 

As Technical Director since February 2017 and throughout 2018, the Company benefited from David Ryan’s 
international engineering project delivery experience and commercial acumen to lead its technical development. 
David’s appointment to the CEO role in February 2019 is aligned with the Company’s current operations as it 
focusses  on  the  next  stage  of  corporate  development  into  a  revenue  generating  and  ultimately  profitable 
organization.  David  will  recruit  the  staff  and  set  up  the  systems  to  deliver  sales  and  generate  licensing  and 
operations revenues.  

Finances 

Settlement of Hillgrove Convertible Loan Note 
The Company was able to complete the settlement of the Hillgrove Convertible Loan Note (the “Note”) in 2018 
through the issuance and vendor placement of the shares. This enabled PowerHouse to increase its shareholder 
base whilst freeing the Company to engage further in the Commercialisation programme for its DMG technology. 

Equity Raises 
The Company had three successful significant equity raises in 2018 :-  

• 

• 

In April 2018 the Company raised £576,000 by way of an equity placing.  

In July 2018 the Company raised £494,000 by way of an equity placing and a further £100,000 
via a private subscription for shares. 

• 

In December 2018 the Company raised £650,000 by way of an equity placing.  

The funds raised were used to develop the design of the DMG to maturity, initiate the validation of the design 
and to commence the partnership which will lead to the delivery of the first DMG process platform. 

In November 2018 the Company’s application for EIS accreditation was approved by HMRC. 

Operations Cost Reduction 
For 2019 we undertook an operational streamline which encompassed the revision of budgets and a reduction 
in  service  providers  to  bring  about  a  circa  25%  decrease  in  base  costs  compared  to  2018.The  managed 
reduction of company overheads has allowed the business resources to be focused on the first commercial site.  

The Company is now seeking to contract engineering services to customers and to build revenue streams via 
its engineering team and the test rigs at Thornton. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

Corporate Social Responsibility 

The Company remains committed to Corporate Social Responsibility. The DMG technology has been developed 
so  that  it  can  be  operated  with  minimal  detrimental  effect  and  with  the  positive  environmental  impact  from 
reducing landfill of unrecyclable plastics.  

The Company has also engaged with the academic community through the University of Chester, including the 
sponsorship of a PhD student to undertake research of gasification.  

The Company is committed to local engagement by hiring and training local employees as a commitment within 
any location. Over the past year, the Company has engaged with the local community, in particular local primary 
schools, through waste workshops. 

Principal Risks and Uncertainties 

The  Company  is  subject  to  various  operational  risks  and  the  following  issues  are  particularly  relevant  to  the 
Company’s business activities:  

Technology Risk 
The Company is running a detailed Technology Risk Management Programme derived from its own test and 
design  activities  and  informed  by  the  DNV  GL  Technical  Assurance  process.  The  selection  of  components 
proven in similar service has significantly reduced the risk profile. 

Subsequent to the completion of Design activities and selection of key components, we have continued our risk 
management activities – working with DNV GL to address the items they raised and to put in place specific 
controls to remove risks associated with production and scale-up. Each item has a detailed work programme 
and  timeline  and  will  be  budgeted  into  the  development  programme  with  Technology  Risk  Management 
Programme Assurance being provided through DNV GL engagement. 

The development of the early adopter sites will remove these technology risk aspects.  

Research and Development Activity Risks  
Our  Research  and  Development  laboratory  and  testing  programme  demands  the  highest  level  of  safety  risk 
management. The design of these systems and their operation have been subject to formal design and functional 
safety reviews with all activities being subject to risk assessments in accordance with the Company Health & 
Safety Management processes.  The activities completed in 2018 were incident free and this has continued in 
the year to date. 

Financial Risks 
-  Cashflow risk 
The Company’s delivery model intends that customers will fund the developments of the DMG process, including 
the  first  project.  The  Company  has  sufficient  existing  funds  for  the  pre-project  stage  and  the  Company’s 
operational team is intended to become cash generating in 2019 through delivery of engineering and consulting 
support to customers for feasibility and development services.  

When appropriate, the Company will consider the introduction of new equity capital or other sources of funding. 
The Company manages its cash to ensure creditors are paid in a timely way and in avoiding, where possible, 
long term spend commitments. Cashflow forecasts are produced regularly to monitor forward spend and to 
assess funding needs in the short, mid and long term. 

During 2018 the Company settled the Hillgrove outstanding convertible loan balance (£1.4m) via the issue of 
shares and the Hillgrove Debenture has accordingly been removed. 

12 

 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

Other financial risks are considered as follows: 

-  Foreign Currency Risk 
The Company does not hold any cash balances in foreign currencies and its only exposure to foreign exchange 
risk is in the settlement of invoices from overseas suppliers which has been immaterial during 2018. There are 
no significant international procurement activities planned for the project, however currency fluctuation issues 
for any international purchases will be considered and mitigated at the time of any purchase order. 

-  Interest Rate Risk 
The Company has no variable rate borrowings that expose it to interest rate risk and as such any movements in 
interest rates are immaterial to the business. 

-  Other Financial Risks 
The Company does not consider price risk, credit risk or liquidity risk to be material for the assessment of the 
financial position and performance of the Company. 

Manufacturing  
PHE undertook a worldwide sourcing of established component manufacturers who can offer proven design, 
manufacturing  and  operating  experience  and  these  manufacturers  will  provide  design  guarantees  for  the 
component operation in the DMG process platform. 

Execution Risk 
Through  2018  the  company  has  engaged  with  a  number  of  interested  parties  to  deliver  Engineering 
Procurement, Installation and Commissioning services for the DMG process. A number of alternative strategies 
is now open to customers for the delivery of future plants. The Company will engage with these international 
execution contractors to deliver the process worldwide with projects delivered on a repeat engineered basis 
minimizing risk by the use of skidded components with limited hook up demands. 

Regulatory Risks  
Through the latter part of 2018 and into 2019 the Company has developed the planning and permit for the two 
sites  in  Ellesmere  Port.  In  the  UK,  the  application  of  the  DMG  on  a  dedicated  site  does  not  require  an 
Environment Agency permit, but a permit granted by the relevant Local Authority. In undertaking the various air 
quality assessments necessary for permit application, the international independent consultancy Fichtner have 
demonstrated that the DMG process is fully compliant with the legislative emission levels for operation in UK and 
throughout the European Union. 

Competition 
There are a number of waste gasification companies at large commercial scale, however few are active in plastics 
or are targeting the market of smaller throughput, distributed, multiple sites that PHE is active in. There are also 
a number of active plastics to liquid companies, many using specific feedstocks, and the application of these 
processes is currently seen as complementary to the DMG process that can accept the waste plastics rejected 
by these plants, incinerators or plastics recyclers. 

Market Adoption  
The development of this market is partly dependent on the restrictions that regulatory authorities are placing 
upon landfill – in some instances the regulators are applying taxes and charges to landfill, and this allows our 
customers to charge a gate fee. In other instances, regulators are choosing to enhance feed-in tariff payments 
allowing our customers additional electricity revenues.  

The  hydrogen  economy  take-up  varies  internationally,  and  whilst  current  UK  engagement  is  nascent,  the 
Company is engaging in international environments such as Korea and Japan where the market is established. 

13 

 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT 

The  Company  intends  to  become  actively  engaged  in  these  current  markets  through  industrial  regional 
partnerships. 

IP Protection 
The Company has undertaken the necessary checks to ensure freedom to operate within the process areas 
addressed by the DMG technology. The research and technology development is protected within the chemical 
engineering models and these are not released beyond the Company’s engineering teams.  

The Company has initiated a patent application regime to protect the IP within a series of generic and specific 
patent applications to mature in hand with the development programme and to allow the full value of engineering 
and operation to provide a greater depth of IP and patent protection.  

The  design,  control  systems  and  specific  modelling  of  the  process  chamber  is  not  released  beyond  the 
Company’s technical teams. The operating control algorithms and the operating control algorithms and schemes 
will be embedded in the non-accessible black box control maintained under strict access rights with defence-
in-depth measures built in. 

Staffing Risks 
The Company has put in place staff retention measures including training, employee share option schemes and 
other  measures.  The  management  has  extensive  links  into  the  UK  and  international  energy  professional 
community and will use these links to secure staff through coming growth period. 

External Risks 

The  Company  is  subject  to  various  risks  originating  from  external  events  including  political,  economic,  legal, 
business and financial conditions. The assessment of these risks, their evaluation and mitigation are essential 
parts of the Company’s planning and internal control system.  

The following risk factors, which are not exhaustive, are particularly relevant to our current business activities:  

Political Risk - Brexit  
The Company is subject to the current political risk of Brexit and we note that the issue is becoming a driver for 
plastics  solutions.  The  Company  is  investigating  various  options  for  a  long-term  permanent  base,  including 
international  locations  for  its  operations,  and  any  final  selection  will  be  made  to  accommodate  the  Brexit 
outcome. 

Regulatory Risk  
The  regulatory  landscape  may  be  subject  to  change  with  a  new  government  and  in  differing  geographies. 
Powerhouse actively monitors and keeps up to date with the regulatory schemes of all geographies in which it 
anticipates developing projects, allowing the Company to be in a position to adapt to any, and all, emerging 
regulations as required. 

On behalf of the Board 

David Ryan  
Chief Executive and Director 
26 June 2019 

14 

 
 
DIRECTOR’S REPORT 

Directors’ Report 

The Directors present their report together with the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended 
31 December 2018 for PowerHouse Energy Group Plc (“PowerHouse Energy” or the “Company”). The financial 
statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (IFRS)  as 
adopted by the European Union and will be laid before the shareholders of the Company at the Annual General 
Meeting. 

Principal Activities 

PowerHouse Energy is a company incorporated in England and Wales with company number 03934451. The 
Company is a public limited company which trades on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange. The 
address of the registered office is 10b Russell Court, Woolgate, Cottingley Business Park, Bingley BD16 1PE. 

PowerHouse Energy designs, delivers and licenses plastic regeneration processes to generate hydrogen and 
electrical energy systems and provides associated customer engineering and testing services. 

The Company has a Distributed Modular Generation (“DMG”) product platform for the regeneration of plastic to 
power and hydrogen.  The Company engineers, sells, licenses and supports operations of the DMG process for 
applications in UK and throughout the world. 

Business Strategy 

The Company Business strategy is described in the Strategic Report. 

Business Review 

The review of the year and the Directors’ strategy are set out in the Strategic Report. 

Key Performance Indicators 

At  the  current  stage  of  corporate  and  technology  development  the  Directors  consider  that  performance  is 
measured against the commercialisation and business development milestone activities reported in the Strategic 
Report. 

Review of Future Developments 

The Board intends to continue its corporate development strategies as described in the Chairman’s Statement 
and the Strategic Report. 

Management of Capital  

The Company manages its capital according to Budgets with the aim of ensuring it can continue as a going 
concern. Capital sources include debt and equity instruments. 

Board members review cash balances available for ongoing spend on a weekly basis against Budget and income 
forecasts in assessing needs forward and timing for any future equity raises. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Subsidiaries 

The Company’s only UK subsidiary is non-trading and not material. There are also long-term restrictions on the 
operations  of  the  Company’s  subsidiaries  in  the  US  and  Switzerland.  With  these  restrictions  in  place,  the 
Company is also unable to exert control over the subsidiaries. As such the Company has claimed exemptions 
applicable to it under Companies Act section 405 (2) and 405 (3b) and IFRS 10 to not present any Consolidated 
financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2018. 

Results and Dividends for the Year 

The Company financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2018 are set out on pages 35 - 58. The 
Company loss for the year after taxation amounted to £2,350,638 (2017: Loss of £1,874,692). The net assets 
of the Company are £804,102 (2017: net liabilities £801,688) with the movement in the year set out in the 
Statement of Changes in Equity.  

The Company has not paid a dividend during the year ended 31 December 2018 (2017: £nil) and the Directors 
do not recommend the payment of a dividend at 31 December 2018 (2017: £nil). 

Research and Development  
Research and development related costs incurred during the year, relating to the DMG product, amounted to 
£673,299 (2017: £527,547). 

Financial Risk 
Financial risk management and exposure are set out in the Strategic Report. 

Post Balance Sheet Events 
There have been no significant events since the balance sheet date other than those discussed in this Directors’ 
Report, the Strategic Report and note 24 to the Company financial statements. 

Directors  

The Directors who held office during the period and up to the date of the Annual Report are as follows: 
Dr Cameron Davies  
Keith Allaun (resigned 1 February 2019) 
David Ryan  
Brent Fitzpatrick  
James Greenstreet  

Company Secretary 
Brent Fitzpatrick  

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

A brief biography of the current Directors can be found below:  

Executive Director: 
David Ryan, Chief Executive Officer 
Mr Ryan has led the technical development and Design of DMG over the least two years. An energy industry 
expert,  he  brings  a  breadth  of  project  delivery,  international  business  development  and  technical  sales 
experience to the role. 

He was the former CEO and Managing Director of Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions’ Oil & Gas Business Unit 
for the UK. Prior to his employment with Thyssenkrupp, he founded and built a successful engineering consulting 
organisation, Energy & Power Limited, which was acquired by Thyssenkrupp in 2012.  

Non-Executive Directors: 
Dr Cameron Davies, Non-Executive Chairman 
Dr Davies is a capable business leader who has successfully grown revenues and profits in a quoted alternative 
energy  company.    As  founder,  CEO,  and  Executive  Director  of  AIM-quoted  Alkane  Energy  plc  (now  Alkane 
Energy Limited), he led that company through each phase of its development. He built Alkane from its initial 
concept to the point of providing over 160MW of connected power generation, and a successful exit for his 
shareholders via a  c. £60 million sale to Balfour Beatty Infrastructure Partners in October 2015. Prior to Alkane, 
Dr Davies led a number of other start-up companies and is currently a non-executive director of AIM-quoted 
Ascent Resources plc. 

Dr Davies was awarded a PhD in Applied Geochemistry from Imperial College London. During his career Dr 
Davies has evaluated numerous gasification technologies and projects. He is a Fellow of the Geological Society 
of London, a member of the European Petroleum Negotiators Group and the Petroleum Exploration Society of 
Great Britain. 

Brent Fitzpatrick, Non-Executive Director 
Mr Fitzpatrick has over 20 years’ experience as a corporate finance consultant. In the last 15 years he has been 
instrumental in advising a number of companies on their acquisitions and subsequent flotations. 

Mr Fitzpatrick was Non-Executive Chairman of Global Marine Energy plc- an AIM listed oil services company 
and Non-Executive Chairman of Risk Alliance plc, an insurance broker consolidator. Mr Fitzpatrick is also an 
adviser to ECO Capital, a global clean tech fund and is a member of the Audit Committee Institute. 

James Greenstreet, Non-Executive Director 
Mr Greenstreet has over 20 years of corporate and structured finance experience. Having started his career at 
Arthur Andersen, he joined BAE Systems in 1994 to work in the corporate finance team. 

After leaving BAE, Mr Greenstreet held corporate finance positions at IBM and XL Capital, once more focusing 
on asset and lease finance. In 2001 he co-founded Orbis Capital a successful corporate and structured finance 
business. Over the past 10 years Mr Greenstreet has been instrumental in sourcing, structuring, packaging and 
managing transactions for a number of high profile clients across a wide range of sectors. 

All the directors retire in line with the terms of the articles of the Company and being eligible, will offer themselves 
for re-election at the Annual General Meeting at the appropriate time. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Directors’ Service Contracts 

Details of the Directors’ service contracts and their respective notice terms are detailed in the Remuneration 
Committee report.  

Directors’ Interests 

The interests of the Directors at 31 May 2019, being the latest practicable date before the publication of the 
Annual Report, in the ordinary shares of the Company, together with their interests at 31 December 2018 were 
as follows: 

Cameron Davies 

Keith Allaun 

David Ryan 

Brent Fitzpatrick 

James Greenstreet 

Substantial Shareholders 

             Number of ordinary shares 

31 May 2019 

31 December 2018 

- 

N/A 

- 

18,666,667 

7,808,333 

6,000,000 

103,459 

103,459 

1,000,000 

1,000,000 

As at 31 May 2019, being the latest practicable date before the publication of the Annual Report, the Company 
is aware of the following significant interests in its ordinary, voting share capital: 

Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited A/C 15942 

Shareholder name 

Number 
196,732,236 

Hargreaves Lansdown (Nominees) Limited A/C VRA 

150,159,907 

Lawshare Nominees Limited A/C SIPP 

Paul Warwick 
Interactive Investor Services Nominees Limited A/C 
SMKTISAS 
Barclays Direct Investing Nominees Limited 

Yady Worldwide S.A 
RenewMe Limited 
JIM Nominees A/C Jarvis 
Interactive Investor Services Nominees Limited A/C 
SMKTNOMS 

Corporate Governance 

121,257,457 

108,758,940 
105,542,049 

100,765,529 

98,814,285 
90,932,961 
82,213,272 
59,214,699 

% 
10.43 

7.96 

6.43 

5.77 
5.60 

5.34 

5.24 
4.82 
4.36 
3.14 

The Company complies with the AIM Rules for Companies, including AIM Rule 26, concerning the disclosure of 
information. More details are provided in the Corporate Governance Report in this document. 

Payment to Suppliers 

The Company does not have a standard or code which deals specifically with the payment of suppliers. Total 
creditor days for the Company for the year ended 31 December 2018 were 15 days (2017: 29 days). 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Risk Management and Principal Risks 

The principal risks to the Company, including financial risks and exposures and descriptions of how they are 
managed is explained in detail in the Strategic Report on page 8 and in Note 20 to the financial statements. 

Going Concern Basis 

The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, notwithstanding the Company having 
a total comprehensive loss of £2.35m (2017: £1.87m) and a net operating cash outflows of £1.9m (2017:1.5m). 
However, the Directors believe the going concern basis to be appropriate for the following reasons: 

The Directors have prepared working capital projections which show that, along with cash balances in hand at 
31  December  2018,  the  signed  agreements  for  all  Directors  and  certain  contractors  to  waive  any  future 
remuneration or fees for themselves, and support from one of its shareholders (who is also a Director of the 
Company), the Company will have sufficient funding to be able to continue as a going concern. 

In relation to the support of one of its shareholders, the Directors have been provided with a letter of support, 
where the said shareholder has indicated to the Directors that he intends, for at least 12 months from the date 
of the approval of these financial statements, to make available a maximum sum of £300,000. In addition, the 
Directors are also of the opinion that they can raise further funds as and when required. 

The  Directors  consider  that  these  should  enable  the  Company  to  continue  in  operational  existence  for  the 
foreseeable future by meeting its liabilities as they fall due for payment. If the support of shareholders ceased or 
the Company was unable to raise further funds it would need to seek alternative finance in order to be able to 
remain as a going concern.  

The financial statements do not include the adjustments that would result if the Company is unable to continue 
as a going concern. 

Political and Charitable Donations 

The Company has not made any political or charitable donations in the year ended 31 December 2018 (2017: 
nil). 

Auditors 

Jeffreys Henry LLP were re-appointed as auditors at the Company’s 2018 AGM. A resolution is to be proposed 
at  the  2019  AGM  for  the  re-appointment  of  Jeffreys  Henry  LLP  as  auditors  to  the  Company,  at  a  rate  of 
remuneration to be determined by the Audit Committee. 

Each of the persons being a Director at the date of approval of this report confirms that: 

•  So far as the Director is aware there is no relevant audit information of which the Company’s auditor is 

unaware; and 

•  The Director has taken all the steps that he ought to have taken as a Director in order to make himself 
aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company’s auditor is aware of that 
information.  

This  confirmation  is  given,  and  should  be  interpreted,  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  s.418  of  the 
Companies Act 2006.  

Approved by the Board of Directors and signed on behalf of the Board on 26 June 2019.  

David Ryan 
Director

19 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

Corporate Governance Report 

Introduction 

Since  September  2018  all  AIM  companies  have  been  required  to  comply  with  a  recognised  corporate 
governance code and to disclose how the implementation of the governance code has been applied or to explain 
any areas of departure from its requirements. PowerHouse carefully reviewed and then resolved to apply the 
Quoted  Companies  Alliance  Corporate  Governance  Code  (“QCA  Code”)  published  in  April  2018  which  is 
constructed around 10 broad principles.  

We have considered how we apply each principle to the extent that the Board judges these to be appropriate 
for  our  circumstances,  and  below  we  provide  an  explanation  of  the  approach  taken  in  relation  to  each.  Our 
compliance  with  the  QCA  Code  is  based  on  the  Company’s  current  practices  and  intended  governance 
improvements.  

The QCA Code makes clear it is the prime responsibility of the Chairman to ensure the Company applies the 
QCA Code to best advantage of all stakeholders of the Company. This report sets out our approach to the QCA 
Code  and  governance.  Our  compliance  with  the  10  principles  is  also  available  to  view  on  the  Company’s 
website:  www.powerhouseenergy.net  

Under the QCA regulations we have the option to cross refer to disclosures made on the website rather than 
repeat  them  all  in  this  annual  report.    The  principal  disclosures  such  as  the  Remuneration  Committee  and 
Directors’  report  will  continued  to  be  included  in  this  annual  report.  However,  for  a  full  assessment  of  the 
Company you are encouraged to review the website for both the regulatory disclosures, and as we progress, 
more information on the activities of the Company. 

QCA Principles 

Principle  1  -  Establish  a  strategy  and  business  model  which  promote  long-term  value  for 
shareholders 

Details of the Company’s strategy and business model are set out in the Strategic Report of this document 
where we describe progress to date, the commercialisation process and plans for the future. Key challenges 
facing the Company and how they will be addressed are set out in the Strategic Report in the section headed 
Principal Risks and Uncertainties. 

Principle 2 - Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations 

PowerHouse  is  committed  to  open  communication  with  all  its  shareholders.  The  Company  believes  it  is 
important to explain business development and financial results to its shareholders and to ensure that suitable 
arrangements are in place so that the issues and concerns of major shareholders are heard and understood. 

Copies of the Annual Report and Accounts are issued to all shareholders who have requested them and copies 
are available on the Company’s website at www.powerhouseenergy.net. The Company’s interim results are also 
made available on the Company’s website. The Company makes full use of its website to provide information 
to shareholders, other stakeholders, potential customers, and other interested parties. 

Shareholders are given the opportunity to raise questions at the Annual General Meeting and the Directors are 
available both before and after the meeting for further discussion with shareholders. As a matter of policy, the 
level of proxy votes (for, against and vote withheld) lodged on each resolution is declared at the meeting. In the 
event there were a significant number of votes against a resolution, the directors would seek to communicate 
with the shareholder concerned to discuss their issues. 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

The CEO is primarily responsible for shareholder liaison. The Company’s shareholder base is currently largely 
comprised of retail shareholders. The CEO attends and presents at shareholder events from time to time where 
investors have the opportunity to discuss the Company’s progress and performance. Trading updates and press 
releases are issued as appropriate. 

The Board receives regular share register analysis reports to monitor the Company’s shareholder base and help 
identify the types of investors on the register. 

Principle 3 - Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications 
for long-term success 

The Company regards its shareholders, employees, industry bodies and regulators, consultants and advisors, 
business partners and suppliers as forming part of the wider stakeholder group. The Company recognises the 
contribution  of  each  of  these  stakeholder  groups  and  seeks  to  build  meaningful  and  mutually  beneficial 
relationships with them all. Please refer to the Corporate Governance statement on the Company’s website for 
further details of its approach to stakeholder management. There are also details of the Company’s approach 
to corporate social responsibility in the Strategic Report of this Annual Report and Financial Statements. 

Principle  4  -  Embed  effective  risk  management,  considering  both  opportunities  and  threats, 
throughout the organisation 

Risk assessment and evaluation is an essential part of the Company’s planning and an important aspect of the 
Company’s  internal  control  system.  The  business  and  management  of  the  Company  are  the  collective 
responsibility of the Board. At each Board meeting, the Board considers and reviews the trading performance 
of the Group. Matters reserved for the Board’s review and approval include the approval of the annual budget, 
major capital expenditure, investment proposals, the interim and annual results and a review of the overall system 
of internal control and risk management. 

The Board regularly considers the risk register and the mitigation and removal measures on a risk-by-risk basis 
focusing  on  those  deemed  most  critical.  A  comprehensive  risk  register  relating  to  significant  aspects  of  the 
Company’s business is being updated and revised and will shortly be presented to the Board for their review 
and scrutiny. 

For further details of the Company’s approach to risk and its management, please refer to the Principal Risks 
and Uncertainties section of the Strategic Report. 

Principle 5 – Maintain the board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the chair 

The Board, chaired by Dr Cameron Davies, comprises one executive and three non-executive directors and it 
oversees and implements the Company’s corporate governance programme. The executive director is David 
Ryan. The non-executive directors are Dr Cameron Davies, Brent Fitzpatrick and James Greenstreet.  

As chairman, Dr Davies is responsible for the Company’s approach to corporate governance and the application 
of  the  principles  of  the  QCA  Code.  Dr  Davies,  Brent  Fitzpatrick  and  James  Greenstreet  are  the  Company’s 
independent directors and, as such, are independent of management and any business or other relationships 
which would interfere with the exercise of their independent judgment. 

Each board member commits sufficient time to fulfill their duties and obligations to the Board and the Company. 
They attend board meetings and join ad hoc board calls and offer availability for consultation when needed. The 
contractual  arrangements  between  the  directors  and  the  Company  specify  the  minimum  time  commitments 
which are considered sufficient for the proper discharge of their duties. However, in exceptional circumstances 
all board members understand the need to commit additional time. 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

Board  packs  include  information  on  business  developments,  progress  and  risks  faced  as  well  as  financial 
performance and are circulated ahead of board meetings. Key issues are highlighted and explained, providing 
board members with sufficient information to enable a relevant discussion in the board meeting. From time to 
time,  members  of  the  Company’s  senior  management  present  to  the  Board  to  update  them  on  issues  and 
developments.   

The Board is supported by its Audit Committee and its Remuneration Committee.  

Board and committee meetings 
Attendances of Directors at Board and committee meetings convened in 2018, and which they were eligible to 
attend, are set out below: 

Director 

Board Meetings 
attended 

Number of meetings in year 

Dr Cameron Davies 
Keith Allaun 
David Ryan 
Brent Fitzpatrick 
James Greenstreet 

10 

10 
9 
9 
10 
10 

Remuneration 
Committee 
attended 
2 

2 
N/A 
N/A 
2 
2 

Audit Committee 
Attended 

2 

2 
N/A 
N/A 
2 
2 

Principle 6 – Ensure that between them the directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills 
and capabilities. 

The Board comprises one executive director and three non-executive directors, three of whom are independent. 
Details of the directors are set out in the Directors’ Report of this Annual Report and Financial Statements. 

The Chairman believes that the Board should always have a suitable mix of skills and competencies covering all 
essential disciplines bringing a balanced perspective that is beneficial both operationally and strategically. 

The nature of the Company’s business requires the Directors to keep their skillset up to date. Periodic advice 
on regulatory matters is given by the Company’s professional advisers.  

The Board is supported by senior management and by its key partners and professional advisers. The advice 
provided to the Board is often commercially sensitive and used by the Board to inform their decisions but typically 
will not be disclosed. 

The Company Secretary is a non-executive director of the Company and reports directly to the Chairman on 
governance matters.  

The  Board  is  supported  and  advised  by  a  Chief  Financial  Officer,  a  chartered  accountant  with  extensive 
experience, who works closely with the Board and is managing financial procedures and controls. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

Principle 7 - Evaluate board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous 
improvement 

Board performance effectiveness process 
The  assessment  of  the  Board’s  performance  has  to  date  been  largely  focused  on  the  achievement  of  the 
Company’s financial and strategic goals. To date, the Company has not highlighted the processes by which it 
evaluates Board performance whilst it has been focusing on commercialising its technology. However, as the 
company now enters commercial operation it intends to address this in 2019.  
Each  Board  member  is  subject  to  a  review  by  the  Remuneration  Committee  based  on  their  professional 
contribution as well as their contribution to the performance of the Company. 

The terms and conditions of the arrangements, including remuneration are currently set by the entire Board of 
PowerHouse. The Board intends to highlight its process of review and progress against company objectives. 
The Board will consider proportionate use of external consultants to carry out this role. 

Board appointments and succession planning  
Board appointments 
The Remuneration Committee meets as and when necessary to consider the appointment of new directors. 
Board members all have appropriate notice periods so that if a board member indicates his intention to step 
down, there is sufficient time to appoint a replacement, whether internal or external. 

Board appointments are made after consultation with advisers in all cases. The Nomad undertakes due diligence 
on all new potential board candidates.  

Each director is required to offer themselves for re-election at least once every three years as per the Company’s 
articles of association.  

Succession planning 
Succession planning is currently undertaken on an informal basis by the Chief Executive Officer in consultation 
with the Board. The Board is satisfied that this is appropriate for this stage in the Company’s development. 

Principle 8 – Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours 

Consistent with Principle 3 above, the Company operates with an inclusive, transparent and respectful culture. 
The Board places particular emphasis on operating to the highest ethical and environmental standards. HS&E 
is a specific agenda item at every board meeting.  

The Company’ objectives include observing the highest level of health and safety standards, developing our staff 
to their highest potential and being a good corporate citizen in our chosen countries of operations. 

The Company is committed to employment policies which follow best practice, based on equal opportunities 
for all employees, irrespective of ethnic origin, religion, political opinion, gender, marital status, disability, age or 
sexual orientation.  

Principle 9 – Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and support good 
decision-making by the board. 

The  Board  is  confident  that  its  processes  and  culture  are  appropriate  for  the  Company’s  current  size  and 
complexity, but is aware that it must continue to review its practices as the Company evolves and grows. 

The Chief Executive Officer has overall responsibility for managing the day to day operations of the Company 
and the Board as a whole is responsible for implementing the Company’s strategy.  

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

The  Company  has  established  an  Audit  Committee  and  a  Remuneration  Committee  with  formally  delegated 
duties and responsibilities. 

Audit Committee 
The duties of the Audit Committee include reviewing, in draft form, the Company’s annual and half-yearly report 
and  accounts  and  providing  advice  to  the  board.  Members  of  the  Audit  Committee  are  also  responsible  for 
reviewing and supervising the financial reporting process and internal control systems of PowerHouse. The Audit 
Committee is comprised of the Non-Executive Directors of the Board. 

Remuneration Committee 
The Remuneration Committee is responsible for reviewing the scale and structure of the executive Directors’ 
remuneration and the terms of their service contracts with the Company, including share option schemes and 
any  bonus  arrangements.  The  terms  and  conditions  of  the  arrangements,  including  remuneration,  with  non-
executive Directors are set by the entire Board of PowerHouse. 

AIM Compliance  
The Directors believe that compliance with the AIM Rules for Companies is a matter for the Board as a whole. 
Therefore, the AIM Compliance Committee which was originally established to ensure procedures, resources 
and controls were in place to ensure compliance with the AIM Rules and comprised all members of the Board, 
no longer stands as a separate entity. The function of the AIM Compliance Committee is managed by the Board 
and the Board continues to consult the Company's Nominated Adviser on an ongoing basis. 

The  appropriateness  of  the  Company’s  governance  structures  will  be  reviewed  annually  in  light  of  further 
developments of accepted best practice and the development of the Company. 

Principle  10  –  Communicate  how  the  company  is  governed  and  is  performing  by  maintaining  a 
dialogue with shareholders and other relevant stakeholders 

The Company maintains a regular dialogue with stakeholders including shareholders to enable interested parties 
to  make  informed  decisions  about  the  Company  and  its  performance.  Regular  communication  enables  the 
Board to receive shareholders’ views by various means as set out in Principle 2 above. 

The Company regularly releases appropriate price sensitive information regarding its activities and progress to 
the market. The Chief Executive Officer and other management team members regularly participate in industry 
forums and investor conferences to keep stakeholders apprised of company developments. 

The Board discloses the result of general meetings by way of announcement and discloses the proxy voting 
numbers  to  those  attending  the  meetings.  In  order  to  improve  transparency,  the  Board  has  committed  to 
announcing proxy voting results in future and disclosing them on the Company’s website. In the event that a 
significant portion of voters have voted against a resolution, an explanation of what actions it intends to take to 
understand the reasons behind the vote will be included. 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT 

Audit Committee 
The Audit Committee met twice during the course of the year. The committee considered the external auditors 
audit reports. This provided them with opportunities to review the accounting policies, internal controls and the 
financial information contained in the annual report. 

Remuneration Committee 
The Remuneration Committee met twice in the year. The remuneration structure for Directors is detailed in the 
Remuneration Committee report. 

Brent Fitzpatrick 
Director and Company Secretary 
On behalf of the Board 
26 June 2019 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
REMUNERATION COMMITTEE REPORT 

Remuneration Committee Report 

The Remuneration Committee comprises Dr Cameron Davies, Brent Fitzpatrick and James Greenstreet and is 
chaired by Brent Fitzpatrick. 

The Remuneration Committee is responsible for reviewing the scale and structure of the executive Directors’ 
remuneration and the terms of their service contracts with the Company, including share option schemes and 
any bonus arrangements. The remuneration of Non-Executive Directors is a matter for the Executive Directors. 
No director is involved in any decision as to his or her own remuneration or benefits. 

Remuneration policy 

The  Remuneration  Committee  is  aware  that  the  remuneration  package  should  be  sufficiently  competitive  to 
attract,  retain  and  motivate  individuals  capable  of  achieving  the  Group’s  objectives  and  thereby  enhancing 
shareholder value. 

Service contracts 

William Cameron Davies, Nigel Brent Fitzpatrick and James John Pryn Greenstreet have service contracts which 
can be terminated by providing three months’ written notice. Robert Keith Allaun had a service contract which 
could be terminated by providing six months’ written notice. Mr Allaun resigned from the Company on 1 February 
2019. 

David Ryan’s services are provided via Nayr Consultants Limited, an engineering consultancy. This does not 
include any amount for services as a Director of the Company. The contract can be terminated by providing 
three months’ written notice. 

Basic salary (or fees**) and benefits  

The remuneration of the Directors of the Company paid for the year or since date of appointment, if later, to 31 
December 2018 is: 

2018 
£ 
Salary/Fee 

2018 
£ 
Pension 

2018 
£ 
Share 
based 
payments 

2018 
£ 
Other  
benefits 

2018 
£ 
Total 

2017 
£ 
Total 

William Cameron Davies 
Robert Keith Allaun* 
David Ryan** 
Nigel Brent Fitzpatrick 
James John Pryn Greenstreet 

50,000 
179,712 
- 
30,000 
30,000 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

30,945 
53,049 
51,988 
29,708 
29,708 

- 
7,081 
- 
- 
- 

80,945 
239,842 
51,988 
59,708 
59,708 

12,500 
163,772 
- 
15,000 
9,000 

*Robert Keith Allaun resigned from the Board on 1 February 2019. 

** David Ryan’s services are provided via Nayr Consultants Limited, an engineering consultancy. His fees do not 
include any amount for services as a Director of the Company. Mr Ryan did not receive any payment for services 
as a Director under the terms of the Director exchange scheme. 

Share options held by the Directors are detailed in note 21 in the Notes to the Accounts. Total remuneration 
includes share based payments arising from the issue of options amounting to £195,398 (2017: £Nil) and details 
are set out in note 21 in the Notes to the Accounts. Mr Allaun exercised 16,666,667 options at 0.6p in October 
2018. There have been no awards of shares to Directors under long term incentive plans. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REMUNERATION COMMITTEE REPORT 

Bonus schemes 

All Executive Directors were eligible for consideration of participation in the Company’s previous bonus scheme 
although no bonus payments were made. However, a new bonus scheme will be developed in 2019 as the 
Company enters a revenue generating and growth period.  

No bonuses are payable in respect of the year ended 31 December 2018 (2017: nil).  

Share options 

On 6 March 2018, the Company granted 30,000,000 options over ordinary shares to Robert Keith Allaun, under 
the PowerHouse Energy Group PLC 2018 EMI Option Scheme. The options vest over a period of 24 months 
and are exercisable between the relevant vesting dates and the tenth anniversary of the grant date and will lapse 
if not exercised during that period. Mr Allaun exercised 16,666,667 of these options at the exercise price of 0.6p 
in October 2018.  

On 6 March 2018, the Company granted 60,000,000 options over ordinary shares to William Cameron Davies, 
David Ryan, Nigel Brent Fitzpatrick and James Greenstreet, under the PowerHouse Energy Group PLC 2018 
Non-Employee Share Option Plan. The options vest over a period of 24 months and are exercisable between 
the relevant vesting dates and the tenth anniversary of the grant date and will lapse if not exercised during that 
period. 

The current interests as at approval of accounts of the current Directors in these share options are as follows: 

Directors  
Dr Cameron 
Davies 

Brent Fitzpatrick 
James 
Greenstreet 

Granted 

Exerci
se Price 

First Vesting Date 

15,000,000 

0.6p  1/3rd at 1 October 2018 

12,000,000 

0.6p 

1/3rd at 6 March 2018 

12,000,000 

0.6p 

1/3rd at 6 March 2018 

David Ryan 

21,000,000 

0.6p 

1/3rd at 6 March 2018 

Subsequent Vesting Date 

1/24th per month thereafter 

1/24th per month beginning 
1 April 2018 
1/24th per month beginning 
1 April 2018 
1/24th per month beginning 
1 April 2018 

Expiry date 

6 March 2028 

6 March 2028 

6 March 2028 

6 March 2028 

The following options were exercised during 2018:  

Directors 
Robert Keith Allaun* 

Exercised 

16,666,667 

Exercise Price 
0.6p 

Exercise date 
17 October 2018 

*Robert Keith Allaun was the highest paid Director in the year. There were no shares received or receivable by 
him  in  respect  of  qualifying  services  under  long  term  incentive  schemes  apart  from  as  disclosed  above  with 
regards to exercised share options. 

For details of the total number of options outstanding at 31 December 2018 please refer to Note 21 of the Notes 
to the Accounts. 

Remuneration Committee meetings and attendance 

Please see the table in the Corporate Governance Report in this document for attendance by the members of 
the Remuneration Committee. 

On behalf of the Directors of PowerHouse Energy Group plc  

Brent Fitzpatrick 
Chairman of Remuneration Committee 
26 June 2019 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT 

Report of the Audit Committee 

Composition 

The  Audit  Committee,  which  comprises  Dr  Cameron  Davies,  Brent  Fitzpatrick  and  James  Greenstreet,  with 
Brent Fitzpatrick acting as Chairman, determines and examines any matters relating to the financial affairs of the 
Group including the terms of engagement of the Group’s auditors and, in consultation with the auditors, the 
scope of the audit. 

Role and Responsibilities 

The Audit Committee is responsible for monitoring the integrity of the Company’s financial statements, reviewing 
significant  financial  reporting  issues,  reviewing  the  effectiveness  of  the  Group’s  internal  control  and  risk 
management systems. In addition, it considers the financial performance, position and prospects of the Group 
and the Company and ensures they are properly monitored and reported on. It oversees the relationship with 
the Auditor (including advising on their appointment, agreeing the scope of the audit and reviewing the audit 
findings).  

The Board and the Audit Committee do not consider it appropriate for the current size of the Group to establish 
an internal audit function. However, this will be kept under review. 

Attendance at Audit Committee meetings 

Please see the table in the Corporate Governance Report in this document for attendance by the members of 
the Audit Committee. 

Brent Fitzpatrick 

Chairman of Remuneration Committee 
26 June 2019 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES 

Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities  

The directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the financial statements in accordance with 
applicable law and regulations. 

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year.  Under that law the 
directors are required to prepare group financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards  (IFRSs)  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union  (EU)  and  have  also  chosen  to  prepare  the  Company 
financial statements under IFRSs as adopted by the EU.  Under company law the directors must not approve 
the accounts unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company 
and of the profit or loss of the company for that period.  In preparing these financial statements, International 
Accounting Standard 1 requires that directors: 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

• 
•  make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 
•  prepare the Financial Statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that 

• 

the company will continue in business; 
state whether applicable IFRSs as adopted by the European Union have been followed, subject to any 
material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements. 

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain 
the  company’s  transactions  and  disclose  with  reasonable  accuracy  at  any  time  the  financial  position  of  the 
company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006.  They 
are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the 
prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

The  directors  are  responsible  for  the  maintenance  and  integrity  of  the  corporate  and  financial  information 
included  on  the  company’s  website.    Legislation  in  the  United  Kingdom  governing  the  preparation  and 
dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

Responsibility statement  
We confirm that to the best of our knowledge: 
• 

• 

• 

the financial statements, prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, give a 
true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the Company; 
the strategic report includes a fair review of the development and performance of the business and the 
position of the Company together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties that it faces; 
and  
the annual report and financial statements, taken as a whole, are fair, balanced and understandable and 
provide  the  information  necessary  for  shareholders  to  assess  the  Company’s  performance,  business 
model and strategy.  

Dr Cameron Davies 
Director 
On behalf of the Board 
26 June 2019 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  

Independent Auditor’s Report 

Opinion 

We have audited the financial statements of Powerhouse Energy Group Plc (the ‘Company’) for the year ended 
31 December 2018 which comprise the statement of comprehensive income, the statement of financial position, 
the statement of cash flows, the statement of changes in equity and notes to the financial statements, including 
a summary of significant accounting policies.  

The  financial  reporting  framework  that  has  been  applied  in  the  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  is 
applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the European Union and, 
as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. 
In our opinion:  

1. 

2. 

3. 

the financial statement give a true and fair view of the state of the company’s affairs as at 31 December 
2018 and of the company’s loss for the year then ended;  
the  financial  statement  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  IFRSs  as  adopted  by  the 
European Union;  
the financial statement have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 
2006. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable 
law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit 
of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance with the 
ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s 
Ethical Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance 
with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to 
provide a basis for our opinion. 

Conclusions relating to Going Concern 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the ISAs (UK) require us to 
report to you where: 

• 

• 

the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements 
is not appropriate; or 
the directors have not disclosed in the financial statements any identified material uncertainties that may 
cast  significant  doubt  about  the  company’s  ability  to  continue  to  adopt  the  going  concern  basis  of 
accounting  for  a  period  of  at  least  twelve  months  from  the  date  when  the  financial  statements  are 
authorised for issue. 

Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of 
the  financial  statements  of  the  current  period  and  include  the  most  significant  assessed  risks  of  material 
misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: the 
overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team. 
These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming 
our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.  

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  

Going concern assumption 

Our audit procedures: 

In continuing to apply the going concern basis for the 
Annual Report and accounts for the period ended 31 
December 2018, the Directors should be satisfied that 
they have a reasonable expectation that the Company 
will  continue 
the 
foreseeable future, being at least twelve months from 
the  date  of  issue  of  the  accounts.  In  reaching  this 
conclusion,  the  future  prospects  of  the  Company 
must be considered.  

in  operational  existence 

for 

We obtained and reviewed the Directors’ assessment 
and  cash  flow  forecasts,  including  challenging  the 
liquidity  position  and  discussed  with  the  Directors 
about their future fund raising plan. 

We reviewed the basis and reasonableness of the key 
assumptions  and  assessed  the  sensitivities  of  the 
underlying assumptions, specifically focusing on the 
assumptions of operating costs reduction and impact 
of future fund raise. 

At 31 December 2018 the Company’s cash balance 
is  £840.7k.  The  going  concern  assumption 
is 
dependent  upon  the  growth  of  the  current  business 
and future capital raises. 

We  reviewed  documentation  in  respect  of  potential 
liability waivers and letter of support and assessed the 
impacts on the Company’s liquidity. 

Correct calculation of share-based payments 

The share-based payment charge recognised in profit 
or loss for the year is £553,959 (2017: 195,078). 

All share-based payments are equity-settled and are 
made  up  of  share  issues,  share  option  issues  and 
share warrant issues.  

These share based payments have been reviewed for 
the purpose of calculating an appropriate share based 
payment charge. The fair value of services was used 
to value share-based payments where the fair value of 
services  may  be  directly  calculated.  Where  the  fair 
value  of  services  may  not  be  directly  calculated,  the 
Black-Scholes model was used. 

The vesting period of share options and warrants are 
fixed. 
Exemption from preparing consolidated 
financial statements 

The Company has claimed exemptions applicable to 
it under Companies Act section 405 (2) and 405 (3b) 
and IFRS 10 to not present any Consolidated financial 
statements  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2018. 
This  is  on  the  basis  that  the  Company’s  only  UK 
subsidiary  is  non-trading  and  not  material  and  there 
being long-term restrictions on the operations of the 
Company’s subsidiaries in the US and Switzerland. 

Overall we were satisfied that the Company remained 
able to meet its obligations as they fell due for at least 
twelve  months  from  the  date  of  approval  of  the 
financial statements. 
Our audit procedures: 

We have understood and assessed the methodology 
utilised  to  estimate  the  Company’s  share-based 
payment  charge  calculations  and  checked  that  the 
calculation  of  the  provision  was  mathematically 
accurate. 

Material  exceptions  that  were  found  have  been 
adjusted for in the financial statements 

We  have  audited  the  share-based  payments  by 
reviewing  the  key  inputs  used  in  the  model  for 
reasonableness. The key input most subjective is that 
of  expected 
future  volatility.  We  challenged 
management’s  calculation  and  a  more  reasonable 
expected  future  volatility  of  70%  based  on  historic 
volatility and the volatilities of similar sized companies 
has been adopted in the financial statements.  
Our audit procedures: 

We have reviewed and discussed with the Directors 
applicable  legislation  and  accounting  standard  and 
assessed  that  based  on  the  Directors’  explanation, 
the  Company  satisfies 
the  conditions  under 
Companies Act section 405 (2) and 405 (3b) and IFRS 
10 
financial 
statements for the year. 

to  not  present  any  Consolidated 

We  also  verified  via  third  party  sources  that  these 
conditions  were  in  effect  during  and  as  at  the  year 
end. 

31 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  

Our application of materiality 

The scope of our audit was influenced by our application of materiality. We set certain quantitative thresholds 
for materiality. These, together with qualitative considerations, helped us to determine the scope of our audit 
and the nature, timing and extent of our audit procedures on the individual financial statement line items and 
disclosures  and  in  evaluating  the  effect  of  misstatements,  both  individually  and  in  aggregate  on  the  financial 
statements as a whole. 
Based  on  our  professional  judgment,  we  determined  materiality  for  the  financial  statements  as  a  whole  as 
follows: 

we 

Overall 
materiality 
How 
determined it 
Rationale for 
benchmark 
applied 

2018 
Company financial statements 

2017 
Company financial statements 

£26,000 

£104,000 

2.5% of gross assets 

We  believe  that  as  the  company  has 
not  yet  made  any  revenue  since 
incorporation as it continues to develop 
its  PHE  Waste-to-Energy  System, 
gross  assets  is  the  most  appropriate 
line  with  generally 
in 
benchmark, 
accepted auditing benchmarks.  

The average of 10% of loss before 
tax and 2.5% of gross assets 
We believe that loss before tax is the 
the 
primary  measure  used  by 
shareholders 
the 
assessing 
performance of the Company, and is 
a 
auditing 
generally 
benchmark.  

accepted 

in 

We agreed with the management that we would report to them misstatements identified during our audit above 
£1,300 (2017:£5,200) as well as misstatements below those amounts that, in our view, warranted reporting for 
qualitative reasons. 

An overview of the scope of our audit 

As part of designing our audit, we determined materiality and assessed the risks of material misstatement in the 
financial statements. In particular, we looked at where the directors made subjective judgments, for example in 
respect of significant accounting estimates that involved making assumptions and considering future events that 
are inherently uncertain. As in all of our audits we also addressed the risk of management override of internal 
controls, including evaluating whether there was evidence of bias by the directors that represented a risk of 
material misstatement due to fraud. 

How we tailored the audit scope 

We tailored the scope of our audit to ensure that we performed enough work to be able to give an opinion on 
the financial statements as a whole, taking into account the structure of the Company, the accounting processes 
and controls, and the industry in which they operate. 

We performed an audit of the financial information of Powerhouse Energy Group PLC. Our engagement team 
performed all audit procedures. 

Other information 

The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included 
in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the 
financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in 
our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. 

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, 
in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our 
knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material 
inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material 
misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the 
work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are 
required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

• 

• 

the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial year for which the 
financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and 
the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal 
requirements. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of 
the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors’ report. 
We  have  nothing  to  report  in  respect  of  the  following  matters  in  relation  to  which  the  Companies  Act  2006 
requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

• 

adequate accounting records have not been kept by the company, or returns adequate for our audit 
have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 
• 
the company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 
• 
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Responsibilities of directors 

As  explained  more  fully  in  the  directors’  responsibilities  statement  set  out  on  page  29,  the  directors  are 
responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair 
view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial 
statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In  preparing  the  financial  statements,  the  directors  are  responsible  for  assessing  the  company’s  ability  to 
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going 
concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations, 
or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free 
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our 
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in 
accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise 
from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be 
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial 
Reporting Council’s website at: 
www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and 
timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we 
identify during our audit. 

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical 
requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that 
may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards. 

From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were 
of most significance in the audit of the financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit 
matters. We describe these matters in our auditor’s report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure 
about  the  matter  or  when,  in  extremely  rare  circumstances,  we  determine  that  a  matter  should  not  be 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  

communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to 
outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication. 

Use of this report 

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of 
the  Companies  Act  2006.  Our  audit  work  has  been  undertaken  so  that  we  might  state  to  the  company’s 
members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the 
fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company 
and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. 

Mark Tenzer (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
For and on behalf of Jeffreys Henry LLP 

Chartered Accountants 
Statutory Auditor 

Finsgate 
5-7 Cranwood Street 
London EC1V 9EE 
26 June 2019 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

Statement of Comprehensive Income  
for the year ended 31 December 2018 

Revenue 
Administrative expenses 

Operating loss 

Finance costs  

Loss before taxation 

Income tax credit 

Total comprehensive loss 

Loss  per  share  from  continuing  operations 
(pence) 
Diluted 
operations (pence) 

loss  per  share 

from  continuing 

Note 

2 
4 

5 

6 

7 

7 

31 December 

31 December 

2018 
£ 

2017 
£ 

- 
(2,495,256) 

- 
(1,804,829) 

(2,495,256) 

(1,804,829) 

(178) 

(69,863) 

(2,495,434) 

(1,874,692) 

144,796 

- 

(2,350,638) 

(1,874,692) 

(0.15) 

not applicable 

(0.19) 

(0.19) 

The notes numbered 1 to 25 are an integral part of the financial information. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

Statement of Financial Position 
As at 31 December 2018 

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Investments 

Total non-current assets 

Current Assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Corporation tax recoverable 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total current assets 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES 
Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Loans 

Total current liabilities 

Net assets/(liabilities) 

EQUITY 
Share capital 
Share premium 
Accumulated deficit 

Total surplus/(deficit)  

Note 

2018 
£ 

2017 
£ 

8 
9 

10 
6 
11 

12 
15 

16 
16 
17 

1,679 
1 

1,680 

2,601 
1 

2,602 

63,996 
144,796 
840,692 

88,495 
- 
750,226 

1,049,484 

838,721 

1,051,164 

841,323 

(247,062) 
- 

(240,856) 
(1,402,155) 

(247,062) 

(1,643,011) 

804,102 

(801,688) 

12,395,943 
48,773,510 
(60,365,351) 

8,798,142 
48,681,792 
(58,281,622) 

804,102 

(801,688) 

The financial statements of PowerHouse Energy Group Plc, Company number 03934451, were approved 
by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 26 June 2019 and signed on its behalf by: 

David Ryan 
Director 

The notes numbered 1 to 25 are an integral part of the financial information. 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 

Statement of Cash Flows 
For the year ended 31 December 2018 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Operating Loss 
Adjustments for: 
Share based payments 
Depreciation 
Changes in working capital: 
Decrease/(Increase) in trade and other receivables 
Increase/(Decrease) in trade and other payables 

2018 
£ 

2017 
£ 

(2,495,256) 

(1,804,829) 

553,959 
1,179 

24,499 
6,206 

195,078 
808 

(82,159) 
189,672 

Net cash used in operations 

(1,909,413) 

(1,501,430) 

Cash flows from investing activities 

Purchase of fixed assets 

Net Cash flows from investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of shares 
Finance costs 
New loans raised 
Loans repaid 

(257) 

(257) 

(985) 

(985) 

3,402,469 
(178) 
- 
(1,402,155) 

4,104,490 
(69,863) 
69,863 
(2,000,000) 

Net cash flows from financing activities 

2,000,136 

2,104,490 

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

90,466 

602,075 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 

750,226 

148,151 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

840,692 

750,226 

The notes numbered 1 to 25 are an integral part of the financial information. 

37 

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY  

Statement of Changes in Equity 
For the year ended 31 December 2018 

Ordinary 
Share 
capital 
£ 

Share 
premium 
£ 

Deferred 
shares 
(0.5p) 
£ 

Deferred 
shares 
(4.5p) 
£ 

Deferred 
shares 
(4.0p) 
£ 

Accumulated 
deficit 
£ 

Total 
£ 

Balance at 1 January 2017 
Transactions with equity parties: 
 -   Share issue 
 -   Share issue 
 -   Share issue in lieu of services 
 -   Share issue 
 -   Share issue in lieu of services 
 -   Share issue in lieu of services 
 -   Share issue fees 
 -   Share based payment 
Total comprehensive loss 
Balance at 31 December 2017 
Transactions with equity parties: 
 -   Share issue 
 -   Share issue 
 -   Share issue 
 -   Share issue in lieu of services 
 -   Share issue 
 -   Share issue 
 -   Share issue in lieu of services 
 -   Share issue 
 -   Share issue in lieu of services 
 -   Share issue – exercise options 
 -   Share issue 
 -   Share issue 
Roundings 
Share based payments 
Total comprehensive loss 
Balance at 31 December 2018 

3,039,670  47,031,989 

1,942,483 

781,808  389,494 

(56,412,008)  (3,226,564) 

178,571 
1,562,500 
37,300 
800,000 
40,000 
26,316 
- 
- 
- 

71,429 
937,500 
32,700 
800,000 
40,000 
13,684 
(245,510) 
- 
- 
5,684,357  48,681,792 

1,078,432 
323,723 
576,277 
89,474 
494,035 
100,000 
62,525 
30,000 
60,000 
83,333 
650,000 
50,000 
2 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
20,526 
- 
- 
1,475 
- 
- 
69,717 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
9,282,158  48,773,510  

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
1,942,483 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
1,942,483 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
781,808  389,494 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
781,808  389,494 

- 
250,000 
-  2,500,000 
- 
70,000 
-  1,600,000 
80,000 
- 
40,000 
- 
(245,510) 
- 
5,078 
5,078 
(1,874,692)  (1,874,692) 
(801,688) 

(58,281,622) 

-  1,078,432 
323,723 
- 
576,277 
- 
110,000 
- 
494,035 
- 
100,000 
- 
64,000 
- 
30,000 
- 
60,000 
- 
153,050 
- 
650,000 
- 
50,000 
- 
2 
- 
266,909 
266,909 
(2,350,638)  (2,350,638) 
804,102 

(60,365,351) 

The following describes the nature and purpose of each reserve within equity: 

Share premium 

Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value 

Accumulated deficit 

Accumulated deficit represents the cumulative losses of the company and 
all  other  net  gains  and  losses  and  transactions  with  shareholders  not 
recognised elsewhere 

The notes 1 to 25 are an integral part of the financial information. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

Notes to the Accounts  
for the year ended 31 December 2018 

1.  ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

PowerHouse Energy Group PLC is a Company incorporated in England and Wales. The Company is a public 
limited company quoted on the AIM market of the London Stock Exchange. The address of the registered 
office is 10b Russell Court, Woolgate, Cottingley Business Park, Bingley BD16 1PE. The principal activity 
of  the  Company  is  to  continue  the  development  of  the  newly  developed  PHE  G3-UHt  Waste-to-Energy 
System in order to achieve its full commercial roll-out. The following accounting policies have been applied 
consistently in dealing with items which are considered material in relation to the financial information. 

Basis of preparation 

1.1. 
This financial information is for the year ended 31 December 2018 and has been prepared in accordance 
with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) adopted for use by the European Union and the 
Companies Act 2006. These accounting policies and methods of computation are consistent with the prior 
year, unless otherwise stated.  

The Company’s only UK subsidiary is non-trading and not material. There are also long-term restrictions on 
the operations of the Company’s subsidiaries in the US and Switzerland. With these restrictions in place, 
the  Company  is  also  unable  to  exert  control  over  the  subsidiaries.  As  such  the  Company  has  claimed 
exemptions applicable to it under Companies Act section 405 (2) and 405 (3b) and IFRS 10 to not present 
any Consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2018. 

Judgements and estimates 

1.2. 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgements, 
estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  application  of  policies  and  reported  amounts  in  the  financial 
statements. 

The component parts of compound instruments (convertible loans) have a high degree of complexity.  At 
the date of issue, the fair value of the liability component is estimated using the prevailing market interest 
rate for a similar non-convertible instrument, the residual equity component is determined by deducting the 
amount of the liability component from the fair value of the compound instrument as a whole. These are 
classified separately as financial liabilities and equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual 
arrangement. In classifying the instruments it has been assessed that there is no equity element in relation 
to the convertible loan notes.  

Other  areas  involving  a  higher  degree  of  judgements  or  complexity,  or  areas  where  assumptions  or 
estimates are significant to the financial statements such as the impairment of investments, share based 
payments (share options and warrants) and going concern are disclosed within the relevant notes. 

Going concern 

1.3. 
The  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  a  going  concern  basis,  notwithstanding  the  Company 
having  a  total  comprehensive  loss  of  £2.35m  (2017:  £1.87m)  and  net  operating  cash  outflows  of  £1.9m 
(2017:1.5m).  However,  the  Directors  believe  the  going  concern  basis  to  be  appropriate  for  the  following 
reasons: 

The Directors have prepared working capital projections which show that, along with cash balances in hand 
at 31 December 2018, the signed agreements for all Directors and certain contractors to waive any future 
remuneration or fees for themselves, and support from one of its shareholders (who is also a Director of the 
Company), the Company will have sufficient funding to be able to continue as a going concern.  

In relation to the support of one of its shareholders, the Directors have been provided with a letter of support, 
where the said shareholder has indicated to the Directors that he intends, for at least 12 months from the 
date  of  the  approval  of  these  financial  statements,  to  make  available  a  maximum  sum  of  £300,000.  In 
addition, the Directors are also of the opinion that they can raise further funds as and when required. 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

The Directors consider that these should enable the Company to continue in operational existence for the 
foreseeable future by meeting its liabilities as they fall due for payment. If the support of shareholders ceased 
or the Company was unable to raise further funds it would need to seek alternative finance in order to be 
able to remain as a going concern.  

The  financial  statements  do  not  include  the  adjustments  that  would  result  if  the  Company  is  unable  to 
continue as a going concern. 

Foreign currency translation 

1.4. 
The financial information is presented in sterling which is the Company’s functional currency. 

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing 
at  the  dates  of  the  transactions.  Monetary  assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in  foreign  currencies  are 
revalued to the exchange rate at date of settlement or at reporting dates (as appropriate). Exchange gains 
and losses resulting from such revaluations are recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

Foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  are  presented  in  the  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income  within 
administrative expenses. 

1.5.  Revenue 
The  Company  provides  engineering  services  for  the  application  of  the  DMG  Technology,  the  intellectual 
property which the Company owns. Revenue from providing services is recognised in the accounting period 
in which services are rendered. For fixed-price contracts, revenue is recognised based on the actual service 
provided to the end of the reporting period as a proportion of the total services to be provided to the extent 
to which the customer receives the benefits. This is determined based on the actual labour hours spent 
relative to the total expected labour hours. 

Where contracts include multiple performance obligations as specified by the work scope, the transaction 
price will be allocated to each performance obligation based on estimated expected cost plus margin.  

Estimates  of  revenues,  costs  or  extent  of  progress  toward  completion  of  services  are  revised  if 
circumstances change. Any resulting increases or decreases in estimated revenues or costs are reflected 
in profit or loss in the period in which the circumstances that give rise to the revision become known by 
management. 

In case of fixed-price contracts, the customer pays the fixed amount based on a payment schedule. If the 
services rendered by the Company exceed the payment, a contract asset is recognised. If the payments 
exceed the services rendered, a contract liability is recognised. 

If a contract includes an hourly fee, revenue is recognised in the amount to which the Company has a right 
to invoice. 

1.6.  Operating Leases  
Rentals payable under operating leases are charged in the profit and loss account on a straight line basis 
over the lease term. 

1.7.  Finance expenses 
The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial liability and of 
allocating  interest  expense  over  the  relevant  period.  The  effective  interest  rate  is  the  rate  that  exactly 
discounts  estimated  future  cash  payments  through  the  expected  life  of  the  financial  liability,  or,  where 
appropriate, a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition. 

Income tax expense 

1.8. 
The tax expense for the period comprises current and deferred tax.  

UK corporation tax is provided at amounts expected to be paid (or recovered) using the tax rates and laws 
that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all temporary differences that have originated but not reversed at 
the balance sheet date where transactions or events that result in an obligation to pay more tax in the future 
or a right to pay less tax in the future have occurred at the balance sheet date.  Temporary differences are 
differences between the Company's taxable profits and its results as stated in the financial statements that 
arise from the inclusion of gains and losses in tax assessments in periods different from those in which they 
are recognised in the financial statements. 

A net deferred tax asset is regarded as recoverable and therefore recognised only to the extent that, on the 
basis of all available evidence, it can be regarded as more likely than not that there will be suitable taxable 
profits from which the future reversal of the underlying temporary differences can be deducted. 

Deferred tax is measured at the average tax rates that are expected to apply in the periods in which the 
temporary  differences  are  expected  to  reverse,  based  on  tax  rates  and  laws  that  have  been  enacted  or 
substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.  Deferred tax is measured on a non-discounted basis. 

1.9.  Property, plant and equipment 
Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Cost represents the cost of 
acquisition or construction, including the direct cost of financing the acquisition or construction until the 
asset comes into use. 

Depreciation on property, plant and equipment is provided to allocate the cost less the residual value by 
equal instalments over their estimated useful economic lives of 3 years, once the asset is complete. 

The expected useful lives and residual values of property, plant and equipment are reviewed on an annual 
basis and, if necessary, changes in useful life or residual value are accounted for prospectively. 

1.10.  Other non-current assets 
Other non-current assets represent investments in subsidiaries. The investments are carried at cost less 
accumulated  impairment.  Cost  was  determined  using  the  fair  value  of  shares  issued  to  acquire  the 
investment. 

1.11.  Financial assets 
The Company classifies financial assets as loans and receivables within current assets, except for maturities 
greater than 12 months after the balance sheet date. These are classified as noncurrent assets. Assets are 
initially recognised at fair value plus transaction costs. Loans and receivables are subsequently carried at 
amortised cost using the effective interest rate method.  

1.12.  Trade and other receivables 
Trade receivables are initially recognised at fair value. Subsequently they are carried at amortised cost less 
any provision for impairment. 

1.13.  Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits and are recognised and subsequently 
carried at fair value. 

1.14.  Trade and other payables 
Trade payables are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course 
of business from suppliers. Trade and other payables are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently 
measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 

1.15.  Financial liabilities 
Loans are financial obligations arising from funding received and used to support the operational costs of 
the Company. These are initially recognised at fair value. Loans are subsequently carried at amortised cost 
using the effective interest method. 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

1.16.  Adoption of new and revised standards 
(i) New and amended standards adopted by the Company 
New and amended standards for the current period and effective from 1 January 2018 have been applied 
by the Company, including: 

IFRS 9 
IFRS 15  
IFRS 2 (amendments) 
IFRS 1 and IAS 28  
IAS 40 
IFRIC 22 

Financial instruments 
Revenue from contracts with customers 
Share based payment 
Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2014–2016 Cycle Amendments 
Transfers of Investment Property (Amendments to IAS 40) 
Foreign Currency Transactions and Advance Consideration 

There are no transition adjustments relating to the adoption of these standards. 

(ii) Standards issued but not yet effective 
There were a number of standards and interpretations which were in issue at 31 December 2018 but were 
not effective at 31 December 2018 and have not been adopted for these Financial Statements. The Directors 
have assessed the full impact of these accounting changes on the Company. To the extent that they may 
be  applicable,  the  Directors  have  concluded  that  none  of  these  pronouncements  will  cause  material 
adjustments  to  the  Company’s  financial  statements.  They  may  result  in  consequential  changes  to  the 
accounting  policies  and  other  note  disclosures.  The  new  standards  will  not  be  early  adopted  by  the 
Company and will be incorporated in the preparation of the Company financial statements from the effective 
dates noted below. 

Effective from 1 January 2019: 

•  Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2015–2017 Cycle 
•  Prepayment Features with Negative Compensation (Amendments to IFRS 9) 
•  Long-term Interests in Associates and Joint Ventures (Amendments to IAS 28) 
•  Plan Amendment, Curtailment or Settlement (Amendments to IAS 19) 
• 

IFRS 16 'Leases' 

IFRIC 23 'Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments' 
Effective from 1 January 2020: 

•  Definition of a Business (Amendments to IFRS 3) 
•  Definition of Material (Amendments to IAS 1 and IAS 8) 
•  Amendments to References to the Conceptual Framework in IFRS Standards 

Effective from 1 January 2021: 

• 

IFRS 17 ‘Insurance Contracts’ 

There are no other IFRSs or IFRIC interpretations that are not yet effective that would be expected to have 
a material impact on the Company. 

1.17.  Impairment 
(i) Impairment review 
At each balance sheet date, the carrying amounts of assets are reviewed to determine whether there is any 
indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. An impairment loss is recognised whenever 
the carrying amount of an asset or its cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount. Impairment 
losses recognised in respect of cash generating units are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of 
any goodwill allocated to cash generating units and then to reduce the carrying amount of the other assets 
in the unit on a pro-rata basis. A cash generating unit is the group of assets identified on acquisition that 
generate cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets.  
The recoverable amount of assets or cash generating units is the greater of their fair value less costs to sell 
and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present 
value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

the risks specific to the asset.  For an asset that does not generate largely independent cash inflows, the 
recoverable amount is determined for the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs. 
 (ii) Reversals of impairments 
An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed. In respect of other assets, an impairment loss is 
reversed if there has been a change in the estimates used to determine the recoverable amount. 
An impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the 
carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment 
loss had been recognised. 

1.18.  Share based payments 
Share based payments are made to employees and third parties and all are equity settled. 

(i) Third party provision of services 
a)  Via issue of shares 
Contractors receive remuneration in the form of share-based payments, whereby services are provided and 
settled by the issue of shares. The cost of equity settled transactions is determined at the fair value of the 
services provided, based upon invoiced amounts or formal agreements in place with suppliers. 

b)  Via issues of share warrants 
The Company also issues share warrants to third parties in relation to services provided by suppliers. The 
cost  of  equity  settled  transactions  is  determined  at  the  fair  value  of  the  services  provided,  based  upon 
invoiced  amounts  or  formal  agreements  in  place  with  suppliers.  Where  no  fair  value  of  services  can  be 
directly obtained, the fair value at the grant date is determined using the Black and Scholes valuation model. 
At each reporting date the Company revises its estimates of the number of options that are likely to be 
exercised with any adjustment recognised in the income statement. 

(ii) Directors and employees 
c)  Via issues of share options 
The Company has issued share options to Directors and employees through approved and unapproved 
option plans. The fair value of options issued is determined at the date of grant and is recognised as an 
expense in the Income Statement. The fair value at the grant date is determined using the Black and Scholes 
valuation model. At each reporting date the Company revises its estimates of the number of options that 
are likely to be exercised with any adjustment recognised in the income statement.  

Where  share-based  payments  give  rise  to  the  issue  of  new  share  capital,  the  proceeds  received  by  the 
Company are credited to share capital and share premium when the share entitlements are exercised. 

1.19.  Segmental reporting 
An operating segment is a component of the Company: 

• 

that  engages  in  business  activities  from  which  it  may  earn  revenues  and  incur  expenses  (including 
revenues and expenses relating to transactions with other components of the Company); 

•  whose  operating  results  are  reviewed  regularly  by  the  Company’s  chief  decision  maker  to  make 

decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance; and 
for which discrete financial information is available. 

• 

1.20.  Research and development 
An  internally  generated  intangible  asset  arising  from  development  is  only  recognised  where  all  of  the 
following have been demonstrated: (i) the technical feasibility of completing the asset; (ii) the intention to 
complete the asset and the ability to use or sell it; (iii) the availability of resources to complete the asset; 
and (iv) the ability to reliably measure the cost attributable to the asset during its development.  

In  all  other  instances  research  and  development  expenditure  is  recognised  as  an  expense  as  incurred. 
Development costs previously recognised as an expense are not recognised as an asset in a subsequent 
period. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

2.  Revenue 

The Company has not entered into any contracts as at the year end which would give rise to revenue. As 
such, the Company has nothing additional to disclose in relation to any contract balances, transaction price 
allocated to the remaining performance obligations arising from contracts or assets recognised from the 
costs to obtain or fulfil a contract with a customer as required by IFRS 15. 

3.  Staff costs 

Directors’ fees 
Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Pensions 
Other staff costs 

2018 
£ 

289,711 
26,207 
29,987 
1,026 
7,081 
354,012 

The number of average monthly employees (including Directors not paid via payroll) are as follows: 

Management 
Research and development 
Total  

2018 
£ 
5 
1 
6 

2017 
£ 

207,772 
11,474 
- 
230 
- 
219,476 

2017 
£ 
5 
- 
5 

The total number of employees as at 31 December 2018 (including Directors not paid via payroll) was 5 
(2017: 6). 

4.  Administrative expenses 

Included in administrative expenses are: 

Operating lease charges 
Research and Development Costs 
Depreciation 
Share issue fees 
Share based payments  
Auditor’s remuneration for audit services: 

Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for the audit of the 
Company’s annual financial statements 
Fees payable to the Company’s auditor and their associates for 
other services: 

Non-audit fees paid to auditors  
           Taxation advisory and compliance services 

2018 
£ 

16,889 
673,299 
1,179 
116,218 
553,959 

2017 
£ 

10,399 
527,547 
808 
- 
195,078 

20,000 

20,000 

1,000 

1,000 

14,480 

- 

There are no other fees paid to the Company’s auditor other than those disclosed above. 

5.  Finance costs 

Bank interest 
Shareholder loan interest 

44 

2018 
£ 

178 
- 

2017 
£ 

- 
69,863 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

178 

69,863 

6. 

Income tax and deferred tax 

As the Company incurred a loss, no current tax is payable (2017: £nil). In addition, as there is no certainty 
about future profits from which accumulated tax losses could be utilised, accordingly no deferred tax asset 
has been recognised. The Company has submitted a claim for research and development tax credits relating 
to the 2017 tax year and amounting to £144,796 (2017: £nil) which has been recognised in the accounts. 
Accumulated  tax  losses  amount  to  an  estimated  £9.5  million  (2017:  £8  million)  and  reflect  tax  losses 
submitted in tax returns and arising during the period less any relief take for research and development 
credits.  The tax credit rate is lower (2017: lower) than the standard rate of tax. Differences are explained 
below.  

Current tax 
Loss before taxation 

Tax credit at standard UK corporation tax rate of 19% (2017: 19.25%) 
Effects of: 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Research and development tax credits claimed 
Deferred tax asset not recognised 

Income tax credit 

7.  Loss per share 

Total comprehensive loss (£) 

2018 
£ 

2017 
£ 

2,495,434 

1,874,692 

474,132 

360,878 

- 
144,796 
(474,132) 

144,796 

- 
- 
(360,878) 

- 

2018 

2017 

(2,350,638) 

(1,874,692) 

Weighted average number of shares  

1,541,719,887 

975,055,119 

Loss per share in pence 
Diluted loss per share in pence 

(0.15) 
    not applicable 

          (0.19) 
       (0.19) 

As at 31 December 2018, the share options and warrants in issue are not considered to have any dilutive 
effect in accordance with IAS 33. 

For the year ended 2017, the following instruments were excluded from the diluted loss per share calculation 
due to being anti-dilutive but could be dilutive in the future and are therefore disclosed in accordance with 
IAS 33. 

Directors’ share options – exercisable at 2.5p per option 
Directors’ share options – exercisable at 0.75p per option 
Share warrants – exercisable at 0.5p (2017: 1p) per warrant 
Hillgrove Loans convertible at 0.5p 

Shares issued since the year end are disclosed in note 24. 

2018 
- 
- 
- 
- 

2017 
11,000,000 
15,000,000 
 5,000,000 
£1,402,155 

45 

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
    
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
    
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

8.  Property, plant and equipment 

Cost 
At 1 January 2018 
Additions  
Other adjustments 
At 31 December 2018 

Accumulated depreciation 
At 1 January 2018 
Charge for the year 
Other adjustments 
At 31 December 2018 
Carrying amount 
At 31 December 2018 
At 31 December 2017 

9. 

Investments 

Property,  plant 
and equipment 
£ 

6,611 
257 
- 
6,868 

4,010 
1,179 
- 
5,189 

1,679 
2,601 

Investments relate to costs of investments in subsidiary undertakings, namely in PowerHouse Energy, Inc, 
Pyromex AG and PowerHouse Energy UK Limited. PowerHouse Energy, Inc. is incorporated in California in 
the United States of America and the Company holds 100 per cent of the common stock and voting rights 
of the subsidiary. Pyromex AG is based in Zug, Switzerland and the Company holds 100 per cent of the 
shares and voting rights of the subsidiary. PowerHouse Energy UK Limited is a wholly owned UK based 
dormant company. 

Investment - Cost  
Accumulated impairment 

2018 
£ 

2017 
£ 

    48,947,155 
(48,947,154) 

48,947,155 
(48,947,154) 

1 

1 

The registered address of PowerHouse Energy Inc is 145 N Sierra Madre Blvd Pasadena, CA 91107, USA. 

The registered address of Pyromex AG is Chollerstrasse 3, CH-6300, Zug, Switzerland. 

The registered address of PowerHouse Energy UK Limited is 10b Russell Court, Cottingley Business Park, 
Bingley, UK BD16 1PE. 

10.  Trade and other receivables 

Other receivables 
Prepayments and accrued income 

2018 
£ 

31,288 
32,708 

63,996 

2017 
£ 

77,287 
11,208 

88,495 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

11.  Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash balances 

12.  Trade and other payables 

Trade payables 
Other creditors and accruals 
Other taxes 

2018 
£ 

2017 
£ 

840,692 

750,226 

840,692 

750,226 

2018 
£ 

74,053 
157,907 
15,102 

247,062 

2017 
£ 

125,141 
115,715 
- 

240,856 

Capital commitments not accrued for at the year end amounted to £nil (2017: £Nil). 

13.  Financial assets and financial liabilities 

Financial assets 

Financial assets at amortised cost: 
 - Other financial assets at amortised cost 
 - Cash and cash equivalents 

Financial liabilities 

Liabilities at amortised cost 
 - Trade and other payables 
 - Borrowings 

14.  Operating leases 

2018 
£ 

208,792 
840,692 

1,049,484 

2017 
£ 

88,495 
750,226 

838,721 

2018 
£ 

2017 
£ 

247,062 
- 

240,856 
1,402,155 

247,062 

1,643,011 

Future minimum rentals payable under non-cancellable operating leases are as follows:  

Amounts payable: 
Within one year 

2018 
£ 

1,429 

2017 
£ 

5,419 

1,429 

5,419 

47 

 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

15.  Loans 

At 1 January  
New loans raised  
Loans repaid 
Interest expense 
Interest paid 

Loans classified as: 
-  Current 
-  Non-current 

2018 
£ 

2017 
£ 

1,402,155 
- 
(1,402,155) 
- 
- 
- 

3,332,292 
69,863 
(2,000,000) 
69,863 
(69,863) 
1,402,155 

- 
- 

1,402,155 
- 

Hillgrove Investments Pty Limited (“Hillgrove”) provided the Company with a convertible loan agreement, 
the amount of which increased from time to time at Hillgrove’s option and based upon Company needs. 
The loan was secured by a debenture over the assets of the Company and carried interest of 15 per cent 
per annum. Hillgrove had the option at any time to convert the loan in part or whole at a conversion price of 
0.5p per share.  

In February 2017 Hillgrove accepted a settlement of this loan for a £2 million cash pay-out, which was paid 
during 2017, and the conversion of the residual balance of £1,402,155 into newly issued share capital of the 
Company at the previously agreed 0.5p conversion price, amounting to 280,430,920 shares. On 1 February 
and 23 April 2018 the Company issued 215,686,275 and 64,744,645 ordinary shares of 0.5p respectively at 
the agreed price of 0.5p in final settlement of the loan balance of £1,402,155. As a result, Hillgrove released 
the debenture it held over the assets of the Company. 

16.  Share capital & share premium 

(i) Number of shares 

0.5 p Ordinary  
shares 

0.5 p Deferred 
shares 

4.5 p Deferred 
shares  

4.0 p Deferred 
shares  

Shares at 1 January 2017 

607,934,536 

388,496,747 

17,373,523 

9,737,353 

Issue of shares 

528,937,478 

- 

- 

- 

Shares at 31 December 2017 

1,136,872,014 

388,496,747 

17,373,523 

9,737,353 

Issue of shares  

719,559,607 

- 

- 

- 

Shares at 31 December 2018 

1,856,431,621 

388,496,747 

17,373,523 

9,737,353 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

(ii) Value in £ 

0.5 p 
Ordinary 
shares 

0.5 p 
Deferred 
shares 

4.5 p 
Deferred 
shares  

4.0 p 
Deferred 
shares  

Share 
Capital  

Share 
Premium  

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

At 1 January 2017 

3,039,670 

1,942,483 

781,808 

389,494 

6,153,455  47,031,989 

Issue of shares 

Share issue costs 

2,644,687 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2,644,687  1,895,313 

- 

(245,510) 

At 31 December 2017 

5,684,357 

1,942,483 

781,808 

389,494 

8,798,142  48,681,792 

Issue of shares  

3,597,801 

- 

- 

- 

3,597,801 

91,718 

At 31 December 2018 

9,282,158 

1,942,483 

781,808 

389,494  12,395,943  48,773,510 

All ordinary shares of the Company rank pari-passu in all respects. 

None of the deferred shares carry any voting rights or any entitlement to attend general meetings of the 
Company. They carry only a right to participate in any return of capital once an amount of £100 has been 
paid in respect of each ordinary share. 

On 19 January 2017 the Company issued 35,714,285 ordinary shares of 0.5p each at a price of 0.7p each 
amounting to £250,000 before issue costs.   

On 15 February 2017 & 15 March 2017 the Company issued 250,000,000 and 62,500,000 ordinary shares 
of 0.5p each respectively at a price of 0.8p each amounting to £2,500,000 before issue costs. 

On  27  June  2017  the  Company  issued  7,460,035  ordinary  shares  of  0.5p  each  at  a  price  of  0.9p  each 
amounting to £70,000 before issue costs.   

On 24 August 2017 the Company issued 160,000,000 ordinary shares of 0.5p each at a price of 1.0p each 
amounting to £1,600,000 before issue costs. 

On 31 August 2017 the Company issued 8,000,000 ordinary shares of 0.5p each at a price of 1.0p each 
amounting to £80,000 before issue costs.   

On 31 August 2017 the Company issued 5,263,158 ordinary shares of 0.5p each at a price of 0.8p each 
amounting to £40,000 before issue costs. 

On 5 February and 25 April 2018, the Company issued 215,686,275 and 64,744,645 ordinary shares of 0.5p 
respectively at the agreed price of 0.5p in final settlement of the outstanding loan balance due to Hillgrove 
of £1,402,155. 

On 25 April 2018 the Company issued 115,255,355 ordinary shares of 0.5p each at a price of 0.5p amounting 
to £576,277 before issue costs. 

On 23 May 2018 and 14 June 2018, the Company issued 10,000,000 and 7,894,737 ordinary shares of 0.5p 
each at a price of 0.5p and 0.76p respectively in settlement of services provided. 

On  13  July  2018  the  Company  issued  98,907,004  ordinary  shares  of  0.5p  each  at  a  price  of  0.5p  each 
amounting to £494,035 before issue costs. 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

On 3 August 2018 the Company issued 20,000,000 ordinary shares of 0.5p each at a price of 0.5p each 
amounting to £100,000 before issue costs. 
On 14 August 2018 the Company issued 797,607 and 11,707,317 ordinary shares of 0.5p each at a price of 
0.5015p and 0.5125p each respectively in settlement of services provided. 

On 17 August 2018 the Company issued 6,000,000 ordinary shares of 0.5p each at a price of 0.5p each 
amounting to £30,000 before issue costs. 

On 22 October 2018 the Company issued 12,000,000 ordinary shares of 0.5p each at a price of 0.5p each 
in settlement of services provided. 

On 26 October 2018 the Company issued 16,666,667 ordinary shares of 0.5p each at a price of 0.6p each 
amounting to £100,000 before issue costs. 

On 10 December 2018 the Company issued 130,000,000 ordinary shares of 0.5p each at a price of 0.5p 
each amounting to £650,000 before issue costs. 

On 14 December 2018 the Company issued 10,000,000 ordinary shares of 0.5p each at a price of 0.5p each 
amounting to £50,000 before issue costs. 

17.  Accumulated deficit  

As at 1 January 
Loss for the year 
Share based payments 

At 31 December 

18.  Convertible Instruments 

2018 
£ 

2017 
£ 

(58,281,622) 
(2,350,638) 
266,909 

(56,412,008) 
(1,874,692) 
5,078 

(60,365,351) 

(58,281,622) 

18.1 Hillgrove 
In February 2017 Hillgrove exercised the right to convert part of its loan to shares, further details are detailed 
in note 15. 

19.  Share based payments 

The expense recognized for share based payments during the year is shown in the following table: 

Share based payment charge recognised in Profit or Loss 
Expense arising from equity-settled share-based payment transactions: 
 - Share options for Directors and employees 
 - Warrants for third party services 
 - Shares issue for third party services 
Total share based payment charge in Income Statement 

Other share based payment movement 
Exercise of share options for Directors and employees 
Shares issued for third party services 
Total share based payment 

2018 
£ 

2017 
£ 

168,399 
33,885 
351,675 
553,959 

- 
5,078 
190,000 
195,078 

(53,050) 
(234,000) 
266,909 

- 
(190,000) 
5,078 

The was one modification made in 2018 for an award of warrants as disclosed in note 19.2 for the 
warrants awarded for third party services on 4 July 2017. 

The were no liabilities recognised in relation to share based payment transactions. 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

19.1 Share options for Directors and employees 
The Company has put in place various options schemes for Directors and employees as follows: 

On 8 December 2014, the Company granted 11,000,000 options over ordinary shares to the Board, under 
the PowerHouse Energy Group plc Unapproved Share Option Plan 2011. The options may be exercised 
between the grant date and the tenth anniversary of the grant date and will lapse if not exercised during 
that period. 

On 7 March 2016, the Company granted 11,000,000 options over ordinary shares to the Board, under the 
PowerHouse  Energy  Group  plc  Unapproved  Share  Option  Plan  2011.  The  options  may  be  exercised 
between the grant date and the fifth anniversary of the grant date and will lapse if not exercised during that 
period.  

On 6 March 2018, the Company granted 32,100,000 options over ordinary shares to employees, including 
a Board member, under the PowerHouse Energy Group PLC 2018 EMI Option Scheme. The options vest 
to the employees over a period of 24 months and are exercisable between the relevant vesting dates and 
the tenth anniversary of the grant date and will lapse if not exercised during that period. 

On 6 March 2018, the Company granted 60,000,000 options over ordinary shares to Board members (apart 
from Robert Keith Allaun who was awarded share options under the PowerHouse Energy Group PLC 2018 
EMI Option Scheme as explained above), under the PowerHouse Energy Group PLC 2018 non-employee 
Share Option Plan. The options vest to the Board members over a period of 24 months and are exercisable 
between the relevant vesting dates and the tenth anniversary of the grant date and will lapse if not exercised 
during that period. 

The movement of share options in the year are as follows: 

Outstanding at 1 January  
Granted during the year 
Forfeited during the year 
Exercised during the year 
Outstanding at 31 December  

2018 
Number 
26,000,000 
92,100,000 
(2,100,000) 
(16,666,667)* 
99,333,333 

2018 
WAEP(pence) 
1.49 
0.6 
0.6 
0.6 
0.83 

2017 
Number 
26,000,000 
- 
- 
- 
26,000,000 

2017 
WAEP (pence) 
1.49 
- 
- 
- 
1.49 

Exercisable at 31 December 

60,583,329 

0.98 

26,000,000 

1.49 

*The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of these options was 0.44p. 

The weighted average remaining contractual life for the share options outstanding as at 31 December 2018 
was 7.8 years (2017: 4.8 years) 

The weighted average fair value of share options granted in the year was 0.32p (2017: not applicable). 

The range of exercise prices for options outstanding at the year end was 0.6p to 2.5p (2017: 0.75p to 2.5p). 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

The number of options outstanding at 31 December 2018 are as follows: 

Date of grant 

Granted 

Share price 
on grant 

Exercised  

Forfeited 

8 Dec 2014 

11,000,000 

1.875p 

7 March 2016 

15,000,000 

0.55p 

- 

- 

- 

- 

At 31 
December 
2018 

Exercise 
price 

11,000,000 

2.5p 

15,000,000 

0.75p 

6 March 2018 

32,100,000 

0.57p 

(16,666,667) 

(2,100,000) 

13,333,333 

0.6p 

6 March 2018 

60,000,000 

0.57p 

- 

- 

60,000,000 

0.6p 

Exercise period 

9 Dec 2014 until 8 
Dec 2024 

8 March 2016 until  
7 March 2021 

7 March 2018 until  
6 March 2028 

7 March 2018 until  
6 March 2028 

Total 

118,100,000 

(16,666,667) 

(2,100,000) 

99,333,333 

Since the year end 24,333,333 options have been forfeited. 

No share options expired in the year. 

The estimated fair value of the options issued during the year was calculated by applying the Black-
Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions used in the calculation were as follows: 

8 December 2014 

7 March 2016 

6 March 2018 

Options  in  issue  31  December 
2018 
Exercise price 
Expected volatility 
Contractual life 
Risk free rate 
Estimated fair value of each option 

11,000,000 

15,000,000 

73,333,333 

2.5p 
127.56% 
10 years 
2% 
1.79p 

0.55p 
127.56% 
5 years 
2% 
0.45p 

0.6p 
70.00%** 
10 years 
1.49% 
0.32p* 

* the calculation applies a 25% discount for small companies 
** expected future volatility of 70% based on historic volatility and the volatilities of similar sized companies. 

19.2 Warrants for third party services 
The Company has issued warrants in respect of services provided by consultants as part of their service 
arrangements. It has also issued warrants to participating shareholders in respect of certain fund raises. No 
share based payment charge is recognised for warrants issued to participating shareholders as they are 
outside of the scope of IFRS 2.  

Details of warrants which have been issued are as follows: 

On 4 July 2017, the Company granted 5,000,000 warrants to a consultant. The options may be exercised 
between the grant date and the third anniversary of the grant date and will lapse if not exercised during that 
period. At the date of grant the share price was 0.85p and the warrants have an exercise price of 1p per 
share.  During  2018,  the  Board  approved  a  reduction  in  the  exercise  price  to  0.5p.  The  impact  of  the 
modification of the exercise price has been recognised in the share based payment charge for the year. The 
incremental fair value resulting from this was £14,268 as measured using the Black-Scholes model. They 
adjusted inputs are as disclosed below.  

On 13 July 2018 and 3 August 2018, the Company granted one warrant for every two shares subscribed for 
to subscribers in fund raises confirmed on those dates. The July grant also included warrants granted to 
the Company’s broker as part of its service arrangement in relation to the fund raise. Warrants of 54,343,852 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

(of which 4,940,350 were granted to the company’s broker) and 10,000,000 respectively were granted. The 
options may be exercised between the grant date and the second anniversary of the grant date and will 
lapse  if  not  exercised  during  that  period.  At  the  date  of  grant  the  share  price  was  0.44p  and  0.31p 
respectively, and the warrants have an exercise price of 0.5p per share. 

On  10 December  2018, the Company granted  7,800,000  to  the Company’s  broker  as  part  of  its  service 
arrangement in relation to the fund raise arising on that date. The options may be exercised between the 
grant date and the second anniversary of the grant date and will lapse if not exercised during that period. 
At the date of grant the share price was 0.57p and the warrants have an exercise price of 0.5p per share. 

Warrants in respect of services provided: 

The movement of warrants issued for share based payments in the year are as follows: 

Outstanding at 1 January  
Granted during the year 
Forfeited during the year 
Exercised during the year 
Outstanding at 31 December  

2018 
Number 
5,000,000* 
12,740,350 
- 
- 
17,740,350 

2018 
WAEP (pence) 
1* 
0.5 
- 
- 
0.5 

2017 
Number 
- 
5,000,000 
- 
- 
5,000,000 

2017 
WAEP (pence) 
- 
1 
- 
- 
1 

Exercisable at 31 December 

17,740,350 

0.5 

5,000,000 

1 

* The exercise price of all the outstanding warrants outstanding at 1 January 2018 was modified in the year as 
explained above. 

The weighted average remaining contractual life for the share warrants outstanding as at 31 December 2018 
was 1.7 years (2017: 2.5 years) 

The weighted average fair value of share warrants granted in the year was 0.15p (2017: 0.61). 

The exercise price for warrants outstanding at the year end was 0.5p (2017: 1p). 

The number of warrants, which have been included for share based payment purposes, outstanding at 31 
December 2018 are as follows: 

Date of 
grant 

Granted 

Share 
price on 
grant 

4 July 2017 

5,000,000 

0.85p 

13 July 2018  4,940,350 

0.44p 

10 Dec 2018  7,800,000 

0.57p 

Total 

17,740,350 

Exercised  Forfeited  At 31 December  

Exercise period 

2018 

Exercise 
price 

5,000,000 

0.5p 

4,940,350 

0.5p 

7,800,000 

0.5p 

5 July 2017 until  
4 July 2020 

14 July 2018 until  
13 July 2020 

11 Dec 2018 until 
10 Dec 2020 

17,740,350 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

The Company is required to assess the fair value of instruments issued in respect of services received, with 
such value charged to the Income Statement. The estimated fair value of the warrants issued during the 
year  was  calculated  by  applying  the  Black-Scholes  option  pricing  model.  The  assumptions  used  in  the 
calculation were as follows: 

Warrants issued for services 

4 July 2017 

13 July 2018 

10 Dec 2018 

In issue 31 December 2018 
Exercise price 
Expected volatility*** 
Contractual life 
Risk free rate 
Estimated 
option* 

fair  value  of  each 

5,000,000 
0.5p** 
70.00% 
3 years 
1.31% 
0.39p** 

4,940,350 
0.5p 
70.00% 
2 years 
1.27% 
0.11p 

7,800,000 
0.5p 
70.00% 
2 years 
1.27% 
0.18p 

* the calculation applies a 25% reduction for small companies 
** after modification of exercise price as explained above 
*** expected future volatility of 70% based on historic volatility and the volatilities of similar sized companies 

Warrants issued to participating shareholders 

Warrants issued to participating shareholders are outside the scope of IFRS 2 and no share based payment 
charges have been recognised on them. On initial recognition the warrants’ cost was deducted from equity 
as it represents the cost of shares issued to investors. As the agreements had a fixed-for-fixed requirement, 
they are also recognised as equity at the same time. As such, there is nil net impact on equity and has not 
been included in the statement of changes in equity. 

The number of warrants issued to participating shareholders, which have not been included for share 
based payment purposes, outstanding at 31 December 2018 are as follows: 

Date of grant  Granted 

Exercised   Forfeited 

Share 
price on 
grant 

13 July 2018 

49,403,502 

0.44p 

- 

3 August 2018  10,000,000 

0.31p 

(10,000,000) 

Total 

59,403,502 

(10,000,000) 

- 

- 

- 

At 31 
December 
2018 

Exercise 
price 

Exercise 
period 

49,403,502 

0.5p 

14 July 2018 
until  
13 July 2020 

- 

0.5p 

- 

49,403,502 

The  estimated  fair  value  of  the  warrants  issued  during  the  year  was  calculated  by  applying  the  Black-
Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions used in the calculation were as follows: 

Warrants issued to participating 
shareholders 

In issue 31 December 2018 
Exercise price 
Expected volatility** 
Contractual life 
Risk free rate 
Estimated fair value of each option* 

13 July 2018 

3 August 2018 

49,403,502 
0.5p 
70.00% 
2 years 
1.27% 
0.11p 

10,000,000 
0.5p 
70.00% 
2 years 
1.33% 
0.06p 

* the calculation applies a 25% reduction for small companies 
** expected future volatility of 70% based on historic volatility and the volatilities of similar sized companies 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

All warrants  

The number of all warrants outstanding at 31 December 2018 are as follows: 

Date of Grant  Granted 

Share 
price on 
grant 

Exercised   Forfeited 

At 31 
December 
2018 

Exercise 
price 

Exercise 
period 

4 July 2017 

5,000,000 

0.85p 

13 July 2018 

54,343,852 

0.44p 

- 

- 

3 August 2018  10,000,000 

0.31p 

(10,000,000) 

10 Dec 2018 

7,800,000 

0.57p 

- 

Total 

77,143,852 

(10,000,000) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

5,000,000 

0.5p 

5 July 2017 until  
4 July 2020 

54,343,852 

0.5p 

14 July 2018 
until  
13 July 2020 

- 

0.5p 

- 

7,800,000 

0.5p 

11 Dec 2018 
until 10 Dec 
2020 

67,143,852 

19.3 Share issue third party services 
The Company issued shares to settle services to some of its service providers. The fair value of the share 
based payments charge were based on invoiced amounts or amounts agreed to be paid under a formal 
agreement of the Company. 

20.  Material risks 

The Company is subject to various risks relating to political, economic, legal, social, industry, business and 
financial conditions. Risk assessment and evaluation is an essential part of the Company’s planning and an 
important  aspect  of  the  Company’s  internal  control  system.  The  Company’s  approach  to  these  risks  is 
detailed in the Strategic Report. 

Requirement for further funds 
In assessing the going concern, the Directors have reviewed cash flow forecasts for 12 months following 
the date of these accounts. The current cash reserves and funding plans forward are considered sufficient 
to enable the Company to meet its liabilities as they fall due. Please refer to note 1.3 for further information 
regarding going concern. 

21.  Directors’ remuneration and share interests 

The Directors who held office at 31 December 2018 had the following interests, including any interests of 
a connected person in the ordinary shares of the Company: 

Robert Keith Allaun 
David Ryan 
James John Pryn Greenstreet 
Nigel Brent Fitzpatrick 

Number of ordinary 
shares of 0.5p each 

Percentage of 
voting rights 

18,666,667 
6,000,000 
1,000,000 
103,459 

1.0 
0.3 
<0.1 
<0.1 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

The remuneration of the Directors of the Company paid for the year or since date of appointment, if later, 
to 31 December 2018 is: 

2018 
£ 
Salary/Fee 

2018 
£ 
Pension 

2018 
£ 
Share 
based 
payments 

2018 
£ 
Other 
Benefits 

2018 
£ 
Total 

2017 
£ 
 Total 

William Cameron Davies 
Robert Keith Allaun 
Nigel Brent Fitzpatrick 
James John Pryn Greenstreet 
David Ryan 
Clive Carver 

50,000 
179,712 
30,000 
30,000 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

30,945 
53,049 
29,708 
29,708 
51,988 
- 

- 
7,081 
- 
- 
- 
- 

80,945 
239,842 
59,708 
59,708 
51,988 
- 

12,500 
163,772 
15,000 
9,000 
- 
7,500 

Total remuneration includes share based payments arising from the issue of options amounting to £195,398 
(2017: £Nil). There have been no awards of shares to Directors under long term incentive plans. 

William Cameron Davies, Nigel Brent Fitzpatrick and James John Pryn Greenstreet have service contracts 
which can be terminated by providing three months’ written notice. Prior to his resignation, Robert Keith 
Allaun held a service contract which could be terminated by providing six months’ written notice.  

Robert  Keith  Allaun’s  services  amounting  to  £11,250  (2017:  £163,772)  were  provided  via  Critical  Point 
Solutions Limited and relate wholly to his services as a Director of the Company. He was employed directly 
by the Company for the remainder of his 2018 services. Mr Allaun resigned from the Company on 1 February 
2019. 

In  2017  Nigel  Brent  Fitzpatrick’s  services  amounting  to  £15,000  were  provided  via  Ocean  Park 
Developments  Limited  and  relate  wholly  to  his  services  as  a  Director  of  the  Company.  In  2018  he  was 
employed directly by the Company. 

David Ryan’s services were provided via Nayr Consultants Limited, an engineering consultancy. Details of 
amounts paid are provided in Note 22. Related Parties. This does not include any amount for services as a 
Director of the Company. 

Clive Carver’s services amounting to £Nil (2017: £7,500) were provided via Elk Associates LLP and relate 
wholly to his services as a Director of the Company. 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

Share options held by the Directors who served during the year are as follows: 

Options granted 8 Dec 2014 
William Cameron Davies 
Robert Keith Allaun 
Nigel Brent Fitzpatrick 
James John Pryn Greenstreet 
David Ryan 

Options granted 7 March 
2016 
William Cameron Davies 
Robert Keith Allaun 
Nigel Brent Fitzpatrick 
James John Pryn Greenstreet 
David Ryan 

Options granted 6 March 
2018 
William Cameron Davies 
Robert Keith Allaun 
Nigel Brent Fitzpatrick 
James John Pryn Greenstreet 
David Ryan 

Granted 

Exercised 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Granted 

Exercised 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Granted 

Exercised 

Options 
at  
1/1/18 

- 
5,000,000 
3,000,000 
3,000,000 
- 

Options 
at  
1/1/18 

- 
6,000,000 
5,000,000 
4,000,000 
- 

Options 
at  
1/1/18 

Options 
at 
31/12/18 

- 
5,000,000 
3,000,000 
3,000,000 
- 

Options 
at 
31/12/18 

- 
6,000,000 
5,000,000 
4,000,000 
- 

Options 
at 
31/12/18 

Exercise 
price 

Earliest and 
latest date of 
exercise 

- 
2.5p 
2.5p 
2.5p 
- 

- 
9/12/14 - 8/12/24 
9/12/14 - 8/12/24 
9/12/14 – 8/12/24 
- 

Exercise 
price 

Earliest and 
latest date of 
exercise 

- 
0.75p 
0.75p 
0.75p 
- 

Exercise 
price 

- 
8/3/16 – 7/3/21 
8/3/16 – 7/3/21 
8/3/16 – 7/3/21 
- 

Earliest and 
latest date of 
exercise 

-  15,000,000 
-  30,000,000 
-  12,000,000 
-  12,000,000 
-  21,000,000 

-  15,000,000 
(16,666,667)  13,333,333 
-  12,000,000 
-  12,000,000 
-  21,000,000 

0.6p 
0.6p 
0.6p 
0.6p 
0.6p 

1/10/18 – 6/3/28 
7/3/18 – 6/3/28 
7/3/18 – 6/3/28 
7/3/18 – 6/3/28 
7/3/18 – 6/3/28 

Highest Paid Director 
Robert Keith Allaun was the highest paid Director in the year. There were no shares received or receivable 
by him in respect of qualifying services under long term incentive schemes apart from as disclosed above 
with regards to exercised share options. Mr Allaun exercised 16,666,667 options at 0.6p in October 2018. 

22.  Related parties 

Hillgrove Investments Pty Limited is a related party by virtue of its shareholding in the Company. During the 
year Hillgrove Investments Pty Limited loans was repaid in full. The balance outstanding at the year end 
was £nil (2017: £1,402,155). 

Waste2tricity  Limited  is  a  related  party  due  to  common  directorships.  Since  the  year  end  the  common 
directorships have ceased. During the year, Waste2tricity provided business development services to the 
Company amounting to £240,000 (2017: £230,000). Amounts outstanding at year end for services provided 
and due to be settled in shares were £60,000 (2017: £40,000). The agreement with Waste2tricity, which 
commenced in 2017, entitles the Company, subject to certain conditions, a reimbursement of the cost of 
these services out of any profits earned by Waste2tricity from project development. Services to date amount 
to £470,000, any future recovery of which has not recognised in these accounts.  

Nayr Consultants Limited, an engineering consultancy services company, wholly owned by David Ryan and 
his associates, provided engineering services to the Company during the year amounting to £154,133 (2017: 
£50,375). Amounts outstanding at year end for services provided and included in creditors and accruals 
amounted to £31,000 (2017: £22,008). 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Accounts for the Year Ended 31 December 2018 

Engsolve Limited, an engineering solutions company, is a related party due to a Director’s family member 
being  part  of  its  key  management  personnel.  Engsolve  provided  engineering  services  to  the  Company 
during  the  year  amounting  to  £361,187  (2017:  £224,503).  Amounts  outstanding  at  year  end  for  services 
provided and included in creditors and accruals amounted to £6,614 (2017: £16,200). 

Transactions  with  other  related  parties  were  conducted  on  an  arms’  length  basis  and  amounted  to  £nil 
(2017: £nil). 

23.  Segmental reporting 

The Company comprises a single operating segment being a development Company operating solely within 
the  United  Kingdom.  As  such  the  statement  of  comprehensive  income  and  the  statement  of  financial 
position may be used as a report on the segment. No revenue has been generated up to the reporting date 
of these accounts as the equipment was being developed and tested. 

24.  Post balance sheet events 

On 1 February 2019, Robert Keith Allaun resigned from the Company and his unexercised share options 
amounting 24,333,333 were forfeited. He was replaced by David Ryan as Chief Executive Officer. 

On 1 April 2019 the Company issued 24,146,802 ordinary shares of 0.5p each in the Company (“Ordinary 
Shares”) to various service providers for the settlement of fees. Of these new Ordinary Shares, 19,840,000 
were issued at 0.5p and 4,306,802 were issued at 0.5015p in accordance with the terms of the relevant 
service agreements. 

In addition, the Company issued 1,808,333 Ordinary Shares in lieu of fees to its Chief Executive Officer, 
David  Ryan,  at  a  price  of  0.6p  per  share  and  3,183,750  Ordinary  Shares  to  its  Chief  Financial  Officer, 
Christopher  Vanezis,  at  0.5p  per  share.  Following  this  issue  of  Ordinary  Shares,  David  Ryan  will  hold 
7,808,333 Ordinary Shares and Christopher Vanezis will hold 3,183,750 Ordinary Shares in the Company, 
which represents 0.41% and 0.17% respectively of the Company’s enlarged issued ordinary share capital 
and voting rights. 

25.  Ultimate controlling party 

There is no controlling party of the Company. 

58