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Public Service Enterprise Group

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Annual report and financial statements 
31 December 2021

Petards Group plc 

Registered number 2990100

Petards
Group plc

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Petards
Group plc

Parallel House, 32 London Road, Guildford, GU1 2AB, United Kingdom 
Tel: +44 (0) 1483 230345 

www.petards.com 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Introduction

Petards’ operations continue to be focused upon the development, supply and maintenance of 
technologies used in advanced security, surveillance and ruggedized electronic applications, the 
main markets for which are: 

Rail – software driven video and other sensing systems for on-train applications sold under the 
eyeTrain brand to global train builders, integrators and rail operators, and web-based real-time 
safety critical integrated software applications supporting the UK rail network infrastructure sold 
under the RTS brand; 

Traffic –Automatic Number Plate Recognition (“ANPR”) systems for lane and speed enforcement 
and other applications, and UK Home Office approved mobile speed enforcement systems, sold 
under the QRO and ProVida brands to UK and overseas law enforcement agencies and commercial 
customers; and 

Defence  –  electronic  countermeasure  protection  systems,  mobile  radio  systems  and  related 
engineering services sold predominantly to the UK Ministry of Defence (“MOD”).

Contents 

Financial and operational highlights 

1
2 Chairman’s statement 
Strategic report 
4
12 Chairman’s corporate governance statement 
19 Directors’ remuneration report 
21 Directors’ report 
24 Statement of directors’ responsibilities in respect 
of the annual report and the financial statements 

25 Independent auditor’s report to the members of 

Petards Group plc 

31 Consolidated income statement 
32 Statements of changes in equity 
33 Balance sheets 
34 Statements of cash flows 
35 Notes 
69 Alternative performance measures glossary 
70 Directors, officers and advisors 
71 Notice of Annual General Meeting 

Perivan     263372

 
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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  1

Overview

Financial and operational highlights

Revenue  

Adjusted EBITDA* 

Net funds/(debt) 

£13.6m  +4% 

£1.5m  +379% 

20.0

15.6

15.7

13.0

13.6

1.6

1.5

1.5

0.3

(0.3)

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

£1.5m  +28% 

1.3

1.0

1.5

1.2

2017

2018

(0.5)
2019

2020

2021

Revenue

Adjusted EBITDA*

Operating profit/(loss)

Profit/(loss) before taxation

Profit/(loss) after taxation

Net cash from operating activities

Net funds (cash less debt)

Current net funds*

Net assets

*See Alternative performance measures glossary on page 69. 

2021
£000

13,574

1,534

570

502

865

745

1,510

2,018

7,722

2020 
£000 

13,001 

320 

(1,145) 

(1,238) 

(583) 

2,398 

1,179 

1,947 

6,928 

 
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2  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Chairman’s statement

I am pleased to report that the results for the year again showed a significant improvement against those reported in the prior year.  Against 
a background of economic uncertainty arising from the legacy of Covid-19 and its various successor strains, and inflationary fears becoming 
a reality, the Group traded in line with market expectations with revenues increasing to £13,574,000 (2020: £13,001,000) and adjusted EBITDA* 
increasing almost five-fold to a profit of £1,534,000 (2020: £320,000). 

This improvement was seen across all other profit measures with profit before tax increasing to £502,000 from a loss of £1,238,000, and profit 
after tax to £865,000 from a £583,000 loss.   

Net cash generated from operating activities in the year totalled £745,000 (2020: £2,398,000) leading to closing cash balances at 31 December 
2021 of £2,277,000 (31 December 2020: £2,204,000) and net funds of £1,510,000 (31 December 2020: £1,179,000). 

As anticipated in my statement of last September, revenues and profitability were weighted towards the first half of the year.  However, given 
the challenges outlined above facing the Group’s businesses, the Board considers the result to be creditable with both the first and second 
half of the year being profitable, and justified its decision in 2020 to realign its cost base, a process which continued into 2021. 

While the last couple of years have been difficult for smaller businesses such as Petards, I am pleased to report that the Group’s balance sheet 
is in good shape. Net assets at 31 December 2021 increased to £7,722,000 (2020: £6,928,000) including cash balances of £2,277,000 (2020: 
£2,204,000) and with minimal debt. 

Personnel 

The success arising out of the reorganisation of the Group’s eyeTrain operations in 2020 and other cost realignments undertaken in 2021, has 
been very much to the credit of our management and their respective teams. They have all demonstrated commitment and resilience during 
this period of significant change. 

We very much appreciate the key role all personnel have played and continue to play in developing the Group, especially through the difficult 
times of the last couple of years, and I and the Board on behalf of shareholders extend our thanks to each and every one of them. 

I am also pleased to welcome to the Group, Ben Gillam as Company Secretary and Group Financial Controller who joined us earlier this year.  
Ben is an experienced chartered accountant and joins us from TT Electronics plc where he spent the last 15 years in a variety of head office 
and operational finance roles.   

Environmental Social Governance (“ESG”) 

The  Board  has  continued  to  work  towards  relevant  proportionate  long  term  ESG  goals  within  the  Group’s  operations. The  on-going 
development of our operations and product offerings will continue to embrace ESG considerations in partnership with our customers, 
suppliers, and the communities in which we operate.  

Petards Virtual Technology Centre (“PVTC”) 

I am pleased to report that our PVTC has been successful in providing a focussed technical forum to drive forward the Group’s product 
development plans.  As a result of work carried out through the PVTC, we are presently trialling with a major train operator, an artificial 
intelligence (“AI”) and machine learning solution which utilises Petards’ existing technology.  If successful, this on-train solution would provide 
rail operators with the potential for real time data analytics to identify on-track hazards and safety improvements to their rail networks. 

Acquisitions 

The Board has reviewed a number of potential acquisitions, both in the rail and surveillance infrastructure markets.  Agreeing fair value with 
the vendors of these businesses has proved challenging, particularly those who depend heavily on the government purse for their revenue 
at a time when many forecast projects are being deferred.  

Despite this background, ,the Company will continue to review relevant opportunities. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  3

Overview

Outlook 

The Group enters 2022 with its reduced cost base, improved productivity and a strong, cash positive balance sheet.   

The strong financial performance delivered for 2021 was achieved against the backdrop of the continuing effects of the pandemic on 
government spending in certain sectors, and the state of flux experienced by the UK rail industry in recent times, including the formation of 
Great British Railways.  Both these factors are likely to influence the outcome for the current financial year.  

While there has been increasing bid activity in recent months, primarily for smaller projects, the timing of order placements is still difficult to 
predict. For the immediate future, the eyeTrain order book is likely to comprise smaller projects with shorter delivery cycles.  This contrasts 
with the larger multi-year deliveries for new rolling stock projects that have comprised a significant element of the Group’s order book in 
recent years.  Such smaller retrofit and refurbishment orders are often delivered in the same year they are received.  

The Group closed the year with an order book of around £7 million and trading for the first three months of 2022 has started well, with the 
Group trading slightly ahead of management’s expectations.  At present this is thought to be timing related rather than an indication of a 
better than expected performance for the year, with scheduled deliveries of £8 million already secured for the current year by the end of the 
first quarter, the Board has confidence that the Group is positioned to make further progress in 2022. 

Raschid Abdullah  
Chairman 

4 May 2022 

*See Alternative performance measures glossary on page 69.

 
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4  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Strategic report 

Business review

Petards’ operations continue to be focused upon the development, supply and maintenance of technologies used in advanced security, 
surveillance and ruggedised electronic applications, the main markets for which are: 

l Rail – software driven video and other sensing systems for on-train applications sold under the eyeTrain brand to global train builders, 
integrators and rail operators, and web-based real-time safety critical integrated software applications supporting the UK rail network 
infrastructure sold under the RTS brand; 

l Traffic – Automatic Number Plate Recognition (“ANPR”) systems for lane and speed enforcement and other applications, and UK Home 
Office approved mobile speed enforcement systems, sold under the QRO and ProVida brands to UK and overseas law enforcement 
agencies and commercial customers; and 

l Defence – electronic countermeasure protection systems, mobile radio systems and related engineering services sold predominantly to 

the UK Ministry of Defence (“MOD”). 

Operating review 
The significant increase in adjusted EBITDA profit in 2021 reflected the full year benefit of the restructuring of the Group’s eyeTrain operations 
in 2020, and the continued growth of the Group’s Traffic solutions.  Higher levels of maintenance and support activities from rail and defence 
customers also contributed to the stronger performance. 

Notable achievements within the Group’s eyeTrain operation included the delivery of systems for fitment by Porterbrook Maintenance to 
the UK's first tri-mode trains, capable of running on overhead and third rail electric lines as well as under their own diesel power. This £1 million 
project was delivered in full, on schedule and only a few months from when the contract was awarded.   

Management  also  continued  to  have  to  manage  a  much  higher  level  of  re-scheduling  of  deliveries  by  customers  than  was  the  case 
pre-pandemic.  However, with the volume of train services increasing, revenues from the provision of engineering support, spares and repairs 
for our existing installed base recovered to almost pre-pandemic levels. 

In May 2021, the long awaited government policy paper on the UK railways, “Great British Railways: Williams-Shapps Plan for Rail” (“the Plan”) 
was published, based on a ‘root and branch’ review of the structure of the UK rail industry. The Plan is wide ranging covering the sector’s 
recovery post pandemic, passenger experience, safe and secure railways for all, growth not contraction of the network while seeking to retain 
the best elements of the private sector.  In addition to the impact the Plan has had on short term investment decisions by central government, 
the demise of the independent Train Operating Companies (“TOCs”) has further affected UK rail investment and decision making, at least in 
the shorter term. 

Recognising that the Plan was imminent and the impact this was starting to have on the Group’s rail customers when it came to decisions 
concerning new investment, the Board took the view in 2020 to plan based on there being little new business available from major new build 
or refurbishment rolling stock projects in the near term and planned accordingly. This approach proved justified with the completion of the 
acquisition of Bombardier Transportation by Alstom during the early part of 2021 compounding the degree of change experienced in the sector. 

Nevertheless, while no significant projects were secured in the period, we are starting to see a higher level of eyeTrain opportunities both for 
the UK and overseas markets.  These are predominantly for smaller retrofit and upgrade projects rather than larger new train build projects 
with lead times from first enquiry to first delivery for the former being much shorter than new build projects which have dominated the 
Group’s order book in the last ten years.  

While, when available, suitable larger contracts will be tendered for, management’s focus will be on securing contracts where it is able to 
protect its margins through quality of product, systems and delivery performance over shorter contract delivery time periods.  

Elsewhere in rail, RTS Solutions (“RTS”) had another solid year in terms of its revenue, profitability and cash flow and licence and maintenance 
contract renewals totalling £0.8 million were received for its rail infrastructure focussed software offering.   

At the outset of the year, the Board approved a strategy proposal involving investment in new software offerings and services for RTS’s 
customers  and  in  marketing  and  business  development  resources,  including  the  development  and  launch  of  the  new  RTS  website 
www.rts-solutions.net in December.  The Board views RTS as having the potential to further develop in the trackside management and rail 
health & safety segment, and with this in mind has embarked on a review of this sub-sector for opportunities as well as acquisitions that 
might reduce the timeframe of route to market.  

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  5

 Strategic report  

QRO Solutions (“QRO”) had another record year in terms of revenue, cash flow and profitability. Of particular note was the on-time delivery 
of an export order worth in excess of £500,000 to a new customer for ProVida speed enforcement systems, and increasing sales of the NASBox, 
whose rights were acquired in 2020, with 400 units being delivered in 2021.  

We are expecting the coming year for QRO to continue strongly, with the addition of six new UK police forces to QRO’s customer list and the 
launch of several new products.  These include the Q-Box, a cost effective in-vehicle ANPR solution for which there has been a high level of 
customer interest and revenues in the first quarter of 2022. 

Petards Defence made an increased contribution to the Group’s profitability in the year.  It is primarily a provider of specialist engineering 
services and value added reseller, for which it is well known to the MOD and UK prime defence contractors.  Following the Board’s decision 
in 2020 to focus on securing smaller orders, order intake increased in 2021 and it is hoped that the securing of a 5-year framework contract 
in June from the MOD for the support of threat simulator systems will give rise to additional order flow in the coming years.  Management 
is seeking to develop its Defence offering, playing to its strength and experience of providing customers with high value-add support and 
engineering services. 

During the year Petards was not totally immune to the impact of Brexit and Covid-19 on its supply chain. Global component shortages have 
meant that management have had to work hard to mitigate any implications these had on delivery timescales.  Where practicable certain 
components have been purchased ahead of time, and inventory levels increased, and the situation continues to be closely monitored.  

So far, we have not seen any supply chain or inflationary pressures specific to the Ukrainian conflict.  The Group does not have any customers or 
direct supply chain dependencies in Ukraine and while the situation is concerning, the Board is not expecting any specific supply chain inflation.   

The growing risk of cyber threats is an area of focus for the Group’s customers.  This may well present sales opportunities in due course, but 
with regard to the resilience of the Group’s own systems, during and since the year end it has been proactive in enhancing the measures 
taken to reduce exposure to such threats.   

Financial review 
Operating performance 

Group revenues increased by 4% to £13,574,000 (2020: £13,001,000).  The main driver for the increased revenues in 2021 was the Group’s 
Traffic products, with QRO continuing its strong growth record since its acquisition five years ago.  Revenues from Rail and Defence products 
were at similar levels to those achieved in the prior year. 

The increase in overall gross profit margin seen at the half year stage continued into the second half of 2021.  All product areas saw their 
gross profit margins at either similar or increased levels as compared with those in 2020 with the cost base reductions made in 2020 feeding 
through to higher gross profit margin.  This, coupled with higher levels of service and licence income, and significantly lower non-recurring 
eyeTrain project costs, resulted in gross profit margins improving year-on-year to 44.9% (2020: 36.4%). 

While administrative costs, fell by £349,000 to £5,530,000 (2020: £5,879,000), the like-for-like reduction was small as the prior year included 
exceptional restructuring costs of £425,000 and Job Retention Scheme grants received of £141,000.  QRO saw some growth in its overheads 
related to its growing revenues, but this was offset by reductions in other operations. 

There was a very significant increase in earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation, exceptional items, acquisition costs and share 
based payment charges (“adjusted EBITDA”), which rose from a profit of £320,000 in 2020 to a profit of £1,534,000 in 2021. 

Net financial expenses reduced to £68,000 (2020: £93,000) mainly due to a lower foreign exchange charge, and lower interest on the Group’s 
CBILs term loan as that loan reduced through repayments.  While that loan is interest free for the first year to May 2022, the interest charge 
has been shown gross and the interest saving of £8,000 shown as other income.  

The tax credit of £363,000 (2020: £655,000 credit) largely reflected R&D tax credits of £532,000 claimed and recognised in 2021, relating to 
2020, with the related cash refunds of £461,000 being received in the year.  Claims for 2021 R&D activities will be made and recognised in 
2022.  The balance of the 2021 tax credit included a deferred tax charge of £126,000 arising from the surrender of previously recognised 
losses for R&D tax credits and the utilisation of previously recognised tax losses, net of a £94,000 credit from the recognition of net deferred 
tax assets at the corporation tax rate of 25% effective from 1 April 2023. 

6  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Strategic report (continued)   

Business review (continued)  

The overall result for the Group for the year was a profit after tax of £865,000 (2020: £583,000 loss) and represented diluted earnings per share 
of 1.47p (2020: 1.01p loss). 

Research and development 

The Group continued to invest in its internally developed software and hardware solutions.  That investment totalled £553,000 in 2021 
amounting to 4% of revenues (2020: £1,284,000), of which only £17,000 was capitalised (2020: £371,000). The capitalised development costs 
related to the Group’s eyeTrain advanced on-train sensing software and systems.  In addition to eyeTrain, the other R&D costs incurred related 
to the enhancement of the software and hardware solutions of QRO and RTS. 

Cash, cash flow and net funds 

The Group again recorded a strong cash generative performance with net cash inflows from operating activities totalling £745,000 (2020: 
£2,398,000). This was despite working capital increasing by a net £1,242,000 in the year much of which related to the unwinding in the second 
half year of a very favourable working capital position on a large project that arose in 2020.  The operating cash inflows included £461,000 in 
respect of R&D tax credits arising from product development undertaken in 2020.  The prior year’s R&D tax receipts of £1,660,000 were much 
higher as they included R&D tax credits relating to more than one year. 

Capital equipment purchases for QRO accounted for the majority of the £127,000 net cash outflows from investing activities (2020: £543,000).  
In addition to repayments of the 5-year term loan and the principal paid on lease liabilities, the net financing outflows of £545,000 (2020: 
£478,000) included £103,000 in respect of the Company’s purchase of 1,000,000 of its own ordinary shares which are presently held as treasury 
shares. 

At 31 December 2021 the Group’s cash and cash equivalents were £2,277,000 (2020: £2,204,000) and net funds at 31 December 2021 were 
£1,510,000 (2020: £1,179,000 net funds) after deducting IFRS 16 lease liabilities of £392,000 (2020: £398,000). 

In May 2021 the Group entered into a 3-year £2.5 million CBILs overdraft facility to provide the Group with the capacity to finance additional 
working capital should that be required, although to date this has not been drawn. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  7

 Strategic report  

Our businesses, business model and strategy

Petards Group plc was listed on AIM in 1997 and the Group supplies advanced security and surveillance systems to three markets: 

Rail – Software driven on-board digital video and sensor systems for fitment to new build or retrofitted to existing rolling stock. Applications 
include Driver Controlled Operation (DCO), Automatic Selective Door Opening (ASDO), condition monitoring, saloon car CCTV, drivers view 
cameras and automatic passenger counting systems, as well as software solutions and services that support the UK rail network including 
incident and fault management, work site management, resource management, machine plant and asset/inventory management. 

Traffic – ANPR systems for lane and speed enforcement and other applications, and UK Home Office approved mobile speed enforcement 
systems, sold under the QRO and ProVida brands to UK and overseas law enforcement agencies and commercial customers. 

Defence – Electronic defensive countermeasure systems for fitment to rotary and fixed wing aircraft, threat simulation systems and mobile 
radios predominantly for the UK Ministry of Defence. 

The Group’s customer base mainly comprises international ‘blue chip’ and government agencies and their strength, often global, gives rise 
to the opportunity to develop Petards’ business through the provision of good quality professional service in support of its existing and future 
product ranges. 

The Group develops its own products and services for sale to the Rail and Traffic markets whereas within the Defence market, in which it has 
a heritage of over 70 years, it is a specialist “value added” re-seller and supplier of related engineering services. 

The Board believes that the Group operates in growth areas and that it has the products and services plus available technical and technological 
skills to develop new products as well as the sales and marketing abilities to become a larger and more successful operator in each of the 
sectors in which it operates. 

The Group’s overriding objective is to achieve attractive and sustainable rates of growth and returns for shareholders and its strategy to 
achieve this objective is: 

l to focus upon the Group’s core products which are used in the rail, defence and traffic industries; 

l to continue to invest in developing technologies to enhance its product portfolio; 

l to increase revenues both organically by exploiting the synergies within the Group and by acquisition; 

l to expand revenues globally into the Group’s target markets; and 

l to improve operating margins through cost management. 

 
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8  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Strategic report (continued) 

Key performance indicators

The Group uses a number of key performance indicators (KPI’s) to monitor its progress against its objectives.  These KPI’s, have been identified 
as measures that key stakeholders find useful, and which have a focus on those that provide a measure of business growth, cash generation, 
total indebtedness and that requiring servicing within one year and comparability with similar businesses. 

In addition to on time delivery and quality standards, the main KPI’s, which have been reported on in the Financial Review, are: 

Revenue

Adjusted EBITDA1

Net cash from operating activities

Net funds2

Current net funds3

2021
£000

2020 
£000 

13,574

13,001 

1,534

745

1,510

2,018

320 

2,398 

1,179 

1,947 

1  Adjusted EBITDA comprises operating profit/(loss) adjusted to remove the impact of depreciation, amortisation, exceptional items, acquisition costs and share based payments. 
A reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating profit/(loss) is included on the face of the consolidated income statement. An Adjusted EBITDA KPI is considered useful to the 
Board since by removing exceptional items, acquisition costs and share based payments, the year on year operational performance comparison is more transparent. 

2  Net funds comprises cash and cash equivalents (note 16) less interest bearing loans and borrowings (note 17).  

3  Current net funds comprises cash and cash equivalents (note 16) less current liabilities in respect of interest bearing loans and borrowings, (note 17) excluding liabilities arising 

on the adoption of IFRS 16 ‘Leases’. 

See Alternative Performance Measures Glossary on page 69 for a full list of Alternative Performance Measures. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  9

 Strategic report  

Principal risks and uncertainties

The management of the business and the execution of the Group’s strategy is subject to a number of risks.  The main business risks affecting 
the Group are outlined below.  

The Group may face increased competition – the Group may face greater competition including that from competitors with greater capital 
resources than those of the Group. 

The Group may need future access to capital – the Group’s capital requirements depend on numerous factors.  In order to make future 
acquisitions and to fund growth, the Group may require further financing.  This may not be able to take place if financing is not available. 

The financial results of the Group can be materially affected by the timing of large contracts – the Group’s revenue is generated from a mix of 
longer and shorter lead time orders.  The timing of order placement and delivery of the larger orders is inherently difficult to predict potentially 
causing material fluctuations in actual results compared with expectations or plans. 

Government expenditure – many of the industries that utilise the Group’s products receive funding from central and local governments. The 
levels of funding for those industries may impact on demand for the Group’s products.  The Group has sought to mitigate this potential 
exposure by increasing its geographic customer base and by supplying a range of products and services. 

Dependence on key personnel – the Group’s performance depends to a significant extent upon a limited number of key employees. The loss 
of one or more of these key employees and the inability to recruit people with the appropriate experience and skills could have a material 
adverse effect on the Group.  The Group has endeavoured to ensure that these key employees are incentivised, but their retention cannot 
be guaranteed. 

Technological changes – the Group’s product offerings may be under threat should technologies be developed by competitors that render 
those products either redundant or uncompetitive.  This could potentially result in a reduction in revenues generated by the products affected.  
The Group also incurs expenditure in developing new products and services.  Should such development projects not be successfully 
completed or result in offerings that are not attractive to customers, the costs incurred may not be fully recoverable. 

Currency risk – the Group buys from suppliers and sells to customers based outside of the UK and consequently these dealings may be in 
foreign currencies that are subject to exchange rate fluctuations. The Group actively manages these exposures with foreign currency 
instruments, unless there is a natural hedge between purchases and sales.  The principal currencies involved are US Dollars and Euros. 

Further details regarding the key accounting estimates and judgements are included in note 1. 

 
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10  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Strategic report (continued) 
Directors’ statement under section 172 (1) of the  
Companies Act 2006

This section serves as our section 172 statement and should be read in conjunction with the rest of the Strategic Report set out on pages 4 to 9 
(inclusive). 

The Board is collectively responsible for the decisions made towards the long-term success of the Company and the directors are fully aware 
of their duty to promote the success of the Company in accordance with section 172 of the Companies Act 2006.  Section 172 requires 
directors to take into consideration the interests of various stakeholders in their decision making, have regard, amongst other things, to: 

l the likely consequences of any decision in the long-term; 

l the interests of the Company’s employees; 

l the need to foster the Company’s business relationship with suppliers, customers and others; 

l the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and environment; 

l the desirability of the Company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct; and 

l the need to act fairly as between members of the Company. 

Employees 
Petards’ employees are one of the primary assets of its business and the Board recognises that the Group’s employees are the key resource 
which enables delivery of the Company’s vision and goals.  Pay reviews are carried out to determine whether all levels of employees are 
benefitted equally and to retain and encourage skills vital for the business. Given the challenges and risks posed by the Covid-19 pandemic, 
and the significant reorganisation of certain areas of the Group’s business in the previous financial year, employee interests and welfare 
continued to be at the forefront of directors’ minds during 2021. 

Suppliers, customers and regulatory authorities 
The Board acknowledges that a strong business relationship with suppliers and customers is a vital part of the Group’s growth prospects. 
Whilst day to day business operations considering suppliers and customers are delegated to local executive management, the Board sets 
directions and evaluates policies with regard to new business ventures and investing in research and development. The Board upholds ethical 
business behaviour and encourages management to seek comparable business practices from all suppliers and customers doing business 
with the Company. We value the feedback we receive from our stakeholders and we take every opportunity to ensure that where possible, 
their wishes are duly considered. 

Community and environment 
The Board seeks to uphold high standards of care towards the community and environment and is conscious of the fact that the nature of 
the Company’s business may require measures to help protect the environment. The Group has various recycling and waste reduction 
programmes and when developing new electronic products seeks to reduce their power consumption.  Community engagement has 
included the support of apprenticeships and the recruitment of appropriately skilled staff from within the communities in which the Group’s 
operations are based. 

Maintaining high standards of business conduct 
The Company is incorporated in the UK and governed by the Companies Act 2006. The Company has adopted the Quoted Companies 
Alliance Corporate Governance Code 2018 (the ‘QCA Code’) and the Board recognises the importance of maintaining a high level of corporate 
governance, which together with the requirements to comply with the AIM Rules ensures that the interests of the Company’s stakeholders 
are safeguarded. The Company’s expectation of honest, fair and professional behaviour is reflected by this and there is zero tolerance for 
bribery and unethical behaviour by anyone relating to the Company. The importance of making all staff feel safe in their environment is 
maintained and a Whistleblowing policy is in place to enable staff to confidentially raise any concerns freely and to discuss any issues that 
arise. Strong financial controls are in place and are well documented.

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  11

 Strategic report  

Shareholders 
The Board places equal importance on all shareholders and recognises the significance of transparent and effective communications with 
its investors. As an AIM listed company there is a need to provide fair and balanced information in a way that is understandable to all 
stakeholders and particularly our shareholders. The primary communication tool with our shareholders is through the Regulatory News 
Service, (“RNS”) on regulatory matters and matters of material substance. The Company’s website provides details of the business, details of 
the Board and Board Committees, changes to major shareholder information, QCA Code disclosure and updates under AIM Rule 26. Changes 
are promptly published on the website to enable the shareholders to be kept abreast of Company’s affairs. The Company’s Annual Report 
and Notice of Annual General Meetings (AGM) are available to all shareholders. The Interim Report and other investor presentations are also 
available for the last six years and can be downloaded from our website. The Board acknowledges that encouraging effective two-way 
communication with shareholders encourages mutual understanding and better connection with them. The benefits include improved 
information on the business and its performance, appropriate consideration of all shareholders views, as well as instilling trust and confidence 
to allow informed investment decisions to be made. 

Strategic activity during the year. 
In the year to 31 December 2021 the main strategic activities of the Board were. 

Significant events/decisions        Key Section 172 matters affected                                   Actions and impact

Establishment  of  Petards  Virtual 
Technology Centre (PVTC) 

Shareholders, customers and employees

Shareholders, customers and employees

Shareholders, customers, suppliers and employees

Investment in RTS software offering 
and 
its 
customer base

to  broaden 

resources 

Refinancing of the Group’s banking 
facilities replacing its term loan and 
£0.75 million revolving credit facility 
with a CBILs term loan and a 3-year 
£2.5 million CBILs overdraft facility

Signed on behalf of the Board 

Osman Abdullah 
Group Chief Executive

The PVTC provides a forum for the Petards’ various teams 
to collaborate across disciplines to capitalise upon the 
wider  Group’s  technical  and  development  expertise. 
Included in the PVTC’s initial brief is the enhancement of 
eyeTrain on-train sensing systems through use of “best of 
breed” third party applications, particularly those related 
to data capture, transmission and analytics.  

Shareholder value expected to increase. 

Improved customer service. 

Greater opportunities for employee skills development. 

The  Board  approved  investment  in  a  programme  to 
develop new functionality for its RTS software solutions 
and in marketing and business development resources, 
including the launch of a new RTS website in Q4 2021.  
These actions are expected to increase shareholder value, 
improve customer service and experience and provide 
opportunities for employees.

The refinancing has provided the Group with access to a 
higher level of lower cost finance, providing the resources 
for the Group to grow and make strategic decisions such 
as stocking levels without being unduly constrained by its 
own  cash  resources.   The  resultant  financial  security  is 
beneficial to all of the Group’s stakeholders.

Parallel House 
32 London Road 
Guildford 
Surrey 
GU1 2AB 

4 May 2022

 
    
 
    
 
    
 
 
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12  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Chairman’s corporate governance statement

The Board is collectively responsible for Corporate Governance and I, as Chairman of the Board, am ultimately responsible for ensuring that 
a high level of Corporate Governance is embedded in the Company’s culture.  

As a company whose shares are traded on the Alternative Investment Market (‘AIM’) of the London Stock Exchange, Petards Group plc 
recognises its responsibility for the proper management of the Company and the importance of sound corporate governance, commensurate 
with the size and nature of the Company and the interests of its shareholders. In accordance with AIM Rule 26, which requires AIM companies 
to comply with a recognised code of Corporate Governance, the Board believes that the Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate Governance 
Code 2018 (the “QCA Code”) provides a suitable framework by which it is able to continue to commit to maintaining high standards of 
corporate  governance.  Accordingly,  the  Company  complies  with  the  10  principles  of  the  QCA  Code  where  considered  relevant  and 
appropriate, having regard to the size, current stage of development and resources of the Company. 

The QCA Code is applied by the Company primarily through its Board process, which includes regular meetings covering financial as well as 
non-financial matters which affect not only the Company’s shareholders but other significant stakeholders, including employees. The Board 
process and corporate governance is enhanced by the establishment of Audit, Remuneration and Nominations Committees. 

The Board believes that, having regard to the size of the Group, its stage of development and the resources it has available, its governance 
structures and practices are in compliance with the expectations of the QCA Code. 

Set out below are the 10 principles of the QCA Code, together with a summary under each heading explaining how the Company has applied 
these. In fulfilling their responsibilities, the directors believe that they govern the Company in the best interests of its shareholders, whilst 
having due regard to the interests of other stakeholders in the Group including, in particular, customers, employees and creditors. 

1.   Establish a strategy and business model which promotes long-term value for shareholders 
Application 

The Board must be able to express a shared view of the Company’s purpose, business model and strategy. It should go beyond the simple 
description of products and corporate structures and set out how the Company intends to deliver shareholder value in the medium to 
long-term. It should demonstrate that the delivery of long-term growth is underpinned by a clear set of values aimed at protecting the 
Company from unnecessary risk and securing its long-term future. 

Compliance 

The Company's vision is to invest in and develop its business to deliver long term, sustainable growth in shareholder value. This may come 
from organic growth, acquisitions or divestments. 

The strategy for achieving this focuses on maintaining acceptable gross profit margins, underpinned with sensible cost and cash management, 
having regard to perceived risks within the industry market and sector parameters, as well as the macro economic environment. 

The Chairman’s Statement and Strategic Report include detailed analysis of the Group’s strategy, financial performance, principal risks and 
uncertainties and future expectations. 

2.   Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations 
Application 

Directors must develop a good understanding of the needs and expectations of all elements of the Company’s shareholder base. The Board 
must manage shareholders’ expectations and should seek to understand the motivations behind shareholder voting decisions. 

Compliance 

The Board recognises and understands that it has a fiduciary responsibility to the shareholders. The Board is aware of the need to protect the 
interests of minority shareholders and balancing these interests with those of any more substantial shareholders.  The Chairman is responsible 
for ongoing dialogue and relationships with shareholders supported by the other executive directors. As such, members of the Board meet 
with the Company’s larger shareholders during the course of the year.  The Annual General Meeting is always an opportunity for the Board 
to communicate with shareholders and the Board welcomes the attendance and participation of all shareholders. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  13

Corporate governance  

This communication allows the Board to understand the shareholders’ views, and to ensure that the strategies and objectives of the Group 
are aligned with shareholders. In its decision-making, the Board will have regard to the ascertained expectations and needs of its shareholders 
(as appropriate in accordance with its statutory and fiduciary duties). 

The Group’s website (www.petards.com) allows shareholders access to information including; contact details, major shareholders and the 
current share price. In addition, all announcements issued since 2014 via RNS are available, together with an archive of recent financial reports 
and accounts and interim statements. 

The resolutions to be put to a vote at each AGM can be found at the back of the relevant Annual Financial Report and the Financial Reports 
and Circulars section of the Company's website for any forthcoming AGM.  Past AGM resolutions can be found at the back of each Annual 
Financial Report with the results now published in the RNS section. 

3.   Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for long-term 

success 

Application 

Long-term success relies upon good relations with a range of different stakeholder groups both internal (workforce) and external (suppliers, 
customers, regulators and others). The Board needs to identify the Company’s stakeholders and understand their needs, interests and 
expectations. 

Where matters that relate to the Company’s impact on society, the communities within which it operates or the environment have the 
potential to affect the Company’s ability to deliver shareholder value over the medium to long-term, then those matters must be integrated 
into the Company’s strategy and business model.  

Feedback is an essential part of all control mechanisms. Systems need to be in place to solicit, consider and act on feedback from all 
stakeholder groups. 

Compliance 

The Group’s responsibilities to stakeholders including staff, suppliers and customers and the wider society are also recognised as important 
to the delivery of the Company’s business objectives.  

The Company is committed to a series of Corporate Social Responsibility principles that provide a reference point for all stakeholders on the 
elements that define the conduct of the Company’s business and relationships in the geographical markets in which it operates. 

These principles are subject to periodic review and cover the following areas; ethics and business conduct, employees (including our supply 
chain), health and safety, environment and community. 

The environmental impact of the Group’s activities is carefully considered, and the maintenance of high environmental standards is a priority. 
The Group is committed to reducing that impact as far as reasonably possible through full regulatory compliance, recycling programmes 
and other initiatives. 

The Board has regard to the feedback of relevant stakeholders in its decision-making and the formulation of strategy. 

4.   Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the 

organisation 

Application 

The Board needs to ensure that the Company’s risk management framework identifies and addresses all relevant risks in order to execute 
and deliver strategy; companies need to consider their extended business, including their supply chains, from key suppliers to end-customer. 

Setting strategy includes determining the extent of exposure to the identified risks that the Company is able to bear and willing to take (risk 
tolerance and risk appetite). 

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14  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Chairman’s corporate governance statement (continued) 

Compliance 

The Board has established Audit and Remuneration Committees full details of which are contained in principle 9, below. 

The Company also receives feedback from its external auditors on the effectiveness of its internal control structure. 

The Audit Committee believes that there should be no internal audit function for the Group at this time considering the size of the Group 
and the close involvement of senior management over the Group’s accounting systems. However, the Committee will keep this matter under 
review in the event that circumstances warrant an internal function in the future. 

In addition to the activities of the Board’s sub-committees, the Board approves the annual budget each year. This process allows the Board 
to identify key performance targets and risks expected during the upcoming year. The Board also considers the agreed budget when reviewing 
trading  updates  and  considering  expenditures  throughout  the  year.  Progress  is  monitored  via  monthly  reporting  of  actual  financial 
performance against budget. Where appropriate, forecasts are prepared to further appraise any risks arising during the year. 

The Group has clear authority limits deriving from the list of matters reserved for decision by the Board, including capital expenditure approval 
procedures. 

The Board regularly reviews and monitors Key Performance Indicators, including those related to banking covenants. 

The Board plans to develop a risk register to assist in addressing and monitoring the risks critical to executing and delivering its strategy. 

5.   Maintain the Board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the Chair 
Application 

The Board members have a collective responsibility and legal obligation to promote the interests of the Company and are collectively 
responsible for defining corporate governance arrangements. Ultimate responsibility for the quality of, and approach to, corporate governance 
lies with the Chair of the Board. 

The Board (and any committees) should be provided with high quality information in a timely manner to facilitate proper assessment of the 
matters requiring a decision or insight. 

The Board should have an appropriate balance between executive and non-executive directors and should have at least two independent 
non-executive directors. Independence is a Board judgement and takes into account length of time directors have been involved with the 
Company and any interests in shares held. 

The Board should be supported by committees (e.g. audit, remuneration, nomination) that have the necessary skills and knowledge to 
discharge their duties and responsibilities effectively. 

Directors must commit the time necessary to fulfil their roles. 

Compliance 

The principal risks faced by the Group are addressed by the appointment of an experienced executive Board supported by an experienced 
independent non-executive director and a team of appropriately qualified professional advisers.  

The executive directors are closely involved in the day to day operations of the Group and report to the Board in detail, typically on a monthly 
basis. Their reports include the status and trends of agreed Key Performance Indicators that are noted in the Group's Annual Financial Report 
in the Strategic Report and Financial and Operational Highlights. 

Nine main Board meetings were held during 2021. The Board records attendance at all Board meetings and the table below shows attendance 
by each director. 

Raschid Abdullah
Osman Abdullah
Paul Negus
Terry Connolly

9/9 
8/9 
9/9 
9/9 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  15

Corporate governance  

The Board comprised three executive directors and one independent non-executive director. Biographical details of the directors are provided 
in the Directors’ Report. 

The role of the independent non-executive director is to bring independent judgement to Board deliberations and decisions. The independent 
non-executive director has no personal financial interest, other than as a shareholder, in the matters to be decided and although he has 
served for 14 years the Board is satisfied that he is independent in terms of character and judgement. 

The Board believes that based on the size of the Company, its current stage of development and its internal resources, having only one 
independent non-executive director represents a sufficient balance and level of independence. The Board reviews these factors regularly 
and considers whether, or at what stage of the Company’s development, a second independent non-executive director will be required to 
further enhance this balance. 

The  Board  has  sub-committees  appointed  to  review  the  specific  matters  of  Audit,  Remuneration  and  Nominations.  The  Audit  and 
Remuneration Committees are chaired by the independent non-executive director and the whole Board undertakes the responsibilities of 
the Nominations Committee. Further details are provided under principle 9, below. 

The  Board  is  confident  that  each  current  member  has  the  necessary  skills,  experience  and  knowledge  to  discharge  his  duties  and 
responsibilities effectively and that each commits the time necessary to fulfil his role. 

6.   Ensure that between them the directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and 

capabilities 

Application 

The Board must have an appropriate balance of sector, financial and public markets skills and experience, as well as an appropriate balance 
of personal qualities and capabilities. The Board should understand and challenge its own diversity, including gender balance, as part of its 
composition.  

The Board should not be dominated by one person or a group of people. Strong personal bonds can be important but can also divide a 
Board. 

As companies evolve, the mix of skills and experience required on the Board will change, and Board composition will need to evolve to reflect 
this change. 

Compliance 

Each Board director has a wealth of knowledge and experience of the Group’s business operations and financial management, and of 
the market sector in which it operates. 

The Board is collectively aware of its need to consider and review its composition, in terms of individual personalities, diversity and gender. 
Having regard to the size and stage of development of the Group and of its internal resources and management support structure beneath 
it, the Board believes that it currently has an appropriate mix of personal qualities, experience and capability. 

7.   Evaluate Board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement 
Application 

The Board should regularly review the effectiveness of its performance as a unit, as well as that of its committees and the individual directors. 

The Board performance review may be carried out internally or, ideally, externally facilitated from time to time. The review should identify 
development or mentoring needs of individual directors or the wider senior management team. 

It is healthy for membership of the Board to be periodically refreshed. Succession planning is a vital task for Boards. No member of the Board 
should become indispensable. 

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16  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Chairman’s corporate governance statement (continued) 

Compliance 

The Board undertakes regular monitoring of personal and corporate performance using agreed key performance indicators and detailed 
financial reports. 

Key performance indicators include; revenues, Adjusted EBITDA, pre-tax profit, cash generation, net cash, net assets and earnings per share. 

The Board considers the need for refreshing its membership and is also responsible for succession planning. Having regard to the size and 
stage of development of the Group and of its internal resources and management support structure beneath it, the Board believes that it 
currently has an appropriate mix of personal qualities, experience and capability and that it undertakes sufficient procedures to review its 
own effectiveness and performance as a unit, as well as that of its committees and individual members. 

8.   Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours 
Application 

The Board should embody and promote a corporate culture that is based on sound ethical values and behaviours and use it as an asset and 
a source of competitive advantage. 

The policy set by the Board should be visible in the actions and decisions of the Chief Executive and the rest of the management team. 
Corporate values should guide the objectives and strategy of the Company. 

The culture should be visible in every aspect of the business, including recruitment, nominations, training and engagement. The performance 
and reward system should endorse the desired ethical behaviours across all levels of the Company. 

The corporate culture should be recognisable throughout the disclosures in the Annual Report, website and any other statements issued by 
the Company. 

Compliance 

The Board is committed to embodying and promoting a sound corporate culture and has endorsed various policies which require ethical 
behaviour of staff and relevant counterparties (such as those mandating anti-corruption, anti-counterfeiting, fair treatment and equality of 
opportunity). 

The Board and management conduct themselves ethically at all times. The Group values its reputation for ethical behaviour and has a set of 
values that are at the core of its business philosophy. 

9.   Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and support good decision-

making by the Board 

Application 

The Company should maintain governance structures and processes in line with its corporate culture and appropriate to its: 

–     size and complexity; and  

–     capacity, appetite and tolerance for risk. 

The governance structures should evolve over time in parallel with its objectives, strategy and business model to reflect the development of 
the Company. 

Compliance 

Whilst the Company recognises the importance of high standards of Corporate Governance, the Board has sought to address the matter in 
a proportionate way having regard to the size and resources of the Group. 

The principal risks faced by the Group are addressed by the appointment of an experienced executive Board, supported by an experienced 
independent non-executive director, an experienced, capable and diverse operational management support structure and a team of 
appropriately qualified external professional advisers.  

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  17

Corporate governance  

The Board aims to hold twelve formally constituted meetings per annum at which it typically reviews the Group’s financial performance and 
risk profile and considers strategies for future growth. 

The Board is supported by the Company Secretary who records and distributes minutes of the meetings on a timely basis. 

In support of its aim of maintaining governance structures and processes, the Board has sub-committees appointed to review the specific 
matters of Audit, Remuneration and Nominations. 

Audit Committee 

The Audit Committee is responsible for ensuring that the financial performance of the Group is properly reported on and monitored and for 
meeting the auditors and reviewing their reports in relation to the accounts and the audit.  It holds a formal meeting with the external 
auditors at least twice a year. 

The Audit Committee evaluates the independence and objectivity of the external auditor and takes into consideration all United Kingdom 
professional and regulatory requirements. Consideration is given to all relationships between the Group and the audit firm including in 
respect of the provision of non-audit services. The Audit Committee considers whether those relationships appear to impair the auditor’s 
judgement or independence. The Audit Committee believes they do not. 

The Audit Committee believes that there should be no internal audit function for the Group at this time considering the size of the Group 
and the close involvement of senior management over the Group’s accounting systems. However, the Committee will keep this matter under 
review in the event that circumstances warrant an internal function for the Group in the future. 

Remuneration Committee 

The Remuneration Committee is responsible for setting the scale and structure of the executive directors' remuneration. It also recommends 
the allocation of share options to directors and other employees. 

The responsibilities of both the Audit and Remuneration Committees are undertaken by the Company’s independent non-executive director, 
who seeks independent advice from external advisors as he feels is appropriate and necessary. 

Nomination Committee 

The whole Board undertakes the Nomination Committee responsibilities.  The remit comprises all new appointments of directors and 
senior management throughout the Group; nominations, interviewing, taking up references and considering related matters. 

10. Communicate how the Company is governed and is performing by maintaining a dialogue with 

shareholders and other relevant stakeholders 

Application 

A healthy dialogue should exist between the Board and all of its stakeholders, including shareholders, to enable all interested parties to come 
to informed decisions about the Company. 

In particular, appropriate communication and reporting structures should exist between the Board and all constituent parts of its shareholder 
base. This will assist: 

–     the communication of shareholders’ views to the Board; and 

–     the shareholders’ understanding of the unique circumstances and constraints faced by the Company. 

It should be clear where these communication practices are described. 

263372 Petards pp01-pp24.qxp  09/05/2022  15:42  Page 18

18  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Chairman’s corporate governance statement (continued) 

Compliance 

The Board is conscious of the need to engage with shareholders and other stakeholders so that interested parties have sufficient information 
on which to make informed decisions about the Company. 

The Company’s Annual Financial Report provides information on a number of key areas, including the following: 

–     corporate governance, including reference to the QCA Code; 

–     operational and financial review; 

–     a summary of the business, the business model and strategy; 

–     significant risks and uncertainties; 

–     significant accounting policies and particularly areas which are subject to judgements, estimates and assumptions; and 

–     a Remuneration Committee Report. 

No separate Audit Committee Report is provided as its Chairman considers that its activities are adequately set out within principle 9 above. 

The Company’s website provides further information on a number of key areas, including the following: 

–     material on the Company’s corporate governance framework; 

–     the AGM Statement and results of voting at the AGM; 

–     regulatory news; and 

–     historical Annual Financial Reports.  

Both this Annual Financial Report and the Company’s website provide information on forthcoming AGMs and a list of external advisers. 

Further details regarding the communication between the Company and its shareholders is explained in the disclosure above against principle 2. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  19

Corporate governance   

Directors’ remuneration report

Remuneration Committee  
The Remuneration Committee is presently comprised of Mr T Connolly. 

Remuneration policy 
The Remuneration Committee reviews the performance of executive directors and sets the scale and structure of their remuneration and 
other benefits. Individual rewards and incentives are aligned with the performance of the Group and the interests of the shareholders and 
are set at an appropriate level in order to attract, retain and motivate executives who are expected to meet challenging performance criteria. 

The committee also recommends the allocation of share options to directors and other employees. 

Service contracts 
No directors have contracts of service with notice periods that exceed 12 months. 

Directors’ emoluments 
Details of individual director’s emoluments are set out in note 4 to the financial statements. 

Directors’ share interests 
The directors’ beneficial interests in the shares of the Company at the year-end were as follows: 

Ordinary 
Shares of 
1p each at

Ordinary 
Shares of 
1p each at 
 31 December 31 December 
2020 

2021

R Abdullah

O Abdullah

T Connolly

P Negus

3,476,909

3,476,909 

2,139,948

2,139,948 

30,000

30,000 

575,000

575,000 

263372 Petards pp01-pp24.qxp  09/05/2022  15:42  Page 20

20  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Directors’ remuneration report (continued)

Directors’ interests in share options 
At 31 December 2021 the number of options to subscribe for ordinary shares of 1p held by directors was as follows: 

                                                          Number of                              
                                                           options at           Exercised 
                                                            1 January                during
                                                                      2021             the year

R Abdullah                                          850,000                           –

                                                              575,000                           –

O Abdullah                                      1,312,500                           –

                                                              850,000                           –

                                                              575,000                           –

P Negus                                               300,000                           –

Granted

Number of 
options at
during 31 December 
2021

the year

850,000

575,000

Exercise 
price
(pence)

12.25p

21.50p

Date first 
exercisable

Expiry date 

06.01.19

05.01.26 

31.10.21

30.10.28 

1,312,500

8.00p

25.11.13

24.11.23 

850,000

575,000

300,000

12.25p

21.50p

21.50p

06.01.19

05.01.26 

31.10.21

30.10.28 

31.10.21

30.10.28 

–

–

–

–

–

–

The share price at 31 December 2021 was 11.00p and the share price ranged during the year from 9.75p to 18.50p. 

There have been no changes to directors’ interests since the year end. 

Non-executive director 
Fees for the non-executive director are determined by the Board as a whole having regard to the time devoted to the Company’s affairs. 
The non-executive director is not part of any pension, share option or bonus schemes of the Group. 

Terry Connolly  
Director 

4 May 2022

263372 Petards pp01-pp24.qxp  09/05/2022  15:42  Page 21

Directors’ report

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  21

Corporate governance   

The directors present their report and financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2021. 

Board of Directors and Directors’ interests 
The Board currently comprises an executive Chairman, two executive directors and one non-executive director as follows: 

Raschid Abdullah – Executive Chairman  

Raschid was appointed executive Chairman in January 2013 and until its purchase by Petards was also executive Chairman of Water Hall 
Group plc, which was listed on AIM.  

He was previously executive Chairman of Evered Holding plc, a fully listed public company specialising in industrial and quarry related 
products, from 1982 to 1989. Raschid started his commercial life within the construction industry in the areas of building product supplies 
and the provision of specialist subcontracting services starting his first business in 1971 which he sold to a competitor in 1976. 

He then joined the family business providing a range of services to clients in the Middle East. These included owning and operating family 
and procurement offices for prominent families and their businesses, and co-investing in the UK stock market with a number of Middle 
Eastern families. He is a Life Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts. 

Osman Abdullah – Group Chief Executive 

Osman Abdullah was appointed to the Board in September 2010 as a non-executive director, becoming executive Chairman of the Group's 
principal trading subsidiary in 2013. He was appointed as Group Chief Executive from January 2016. 

He was formerly Group Chief Executive of Evered Holdings plc, a fully listed public company specialising in industrial manufacturing, 
distribution and quarry mining related products from 1981 to 1989. He subsequently served from 1993 to 2005 as a non-executive director 
of Umeco plc, a fully listed company specialising in component distribution and the manufacture of composite material based products 
principally to the aerospace industry. 

Paul Negus – Director 

Paul Negus joined the Board in September 2014 and is responsible for business development for Petards’ rail products. He has considerable 
commercial experience having spent eight years as Managing Director of PIPS Technology Limited, a developer of automatic number plate 
recognition and CCTV systems first under private ownership and latterly under the ownership of Federal Signal Inc. 

Terry Connolly FCA – Non-Executive Director 

Terry Connolly was appointed in August 2007. He is a chartered accountant and had a career in advertising and the entertainment sector. 
As Group Managing Director of Chrysalis he was responsible for taking that company to a public listing. Since 1989 he has been a self-
employed consultant specialising in strategic and corporate affairs. He is Chairman of the Audit and Remuneration Committees. 

Directors’ interests in the share capital of the Company are set out in the Remuneration Report. 

Research and development 
The Group is committed to research and development activities in order to secure competitive advantage in the markets in which it operates.  
An amount of £17,000 (2020: £371,000) has been capitalised during the year which relates to the ongoing development of the Group’s rail 
products. In addition, the Group expensed other development expenditure totalling £536,000 (2020: £913,000) directly to the Income 
Statement. 

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22  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Directors’ report (continued)

Financial instruments and financial risk management 
The Group presently finances its operations through a mixture of cash resources, bank borrowings, retained earnings and share capital. 
Its principal financial instruments comprise cash and bank borrowings together with trade receivables and trade payables. 

The Group’s other financial instruments arise from its day to day operations and comprise primarily of short term debtors and creditors and, 
where deemed appropriate, forward currency contracts. 

Further details of the Group’s financial instruments are given in note 23 to the financial statements and the directors consider the principal 
risks associated with the Group’s financial instruments to be liquidity risk and currency risk. 

Employment policies 
The  Group  has  established  policies  to  comply  with  the  relevant  legislation  and  codes  of  practice  regarding  employment  and  equal 
opportunities.  It keeps its employees informed of matters affecting them as employees through regular team briefings throughout the year 
and has a policy that training, career development and promotion opportunities should be available to all employees. 

It is the Group’s policy to give full and fair consideration to applications for employment by people who are disabled, to continue wherever 
possible  the  employment  of  staff  who  become  disabled  and  to  provide  equal  opportunities  for  the  career  development  of  disabled 
employees.  

Fostering relationships with stakeholders 
The Board is committed to fostering good relationships with stakeholders and its approach is outlined in the Section 172 Statement on page 10. 

Disclosure of information to auditor 
The directors who held office at the date of approval of this Directors’ Report confirm that, so far as they are each aware, there is no relevant 
audit information of which the Company’s auditor is unaware; and each director has taken all the steps that they ought to have taken as a 
director to make themselves aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company’s auditor is aware of that information. 

Substantial shareholdings 
At 21 April 2022 the Company was aware of the following interests in three percent or more of its issued share capital. 

Name of holder

El-Khereiji Financial Company WLL

Charwell Investments Limited

R M Abdullah

A Perloff

T W G Charlton

O Abdullah

Miton UK Microcap Trust PLC

Chelverton Growth Trust plc

M T Zahid

Y T Zahid

Number
of shares

Percentage 
held 

8,615,268

15.24% 

5,083,767

3,476,909

3,000,000

2,450,000

2,139,948

2,123,063

2,000,000

1,875,000

1,875,000

8.99% 

6.15% 

5.31% 

4.33% 

3.79% 

3.76% 

3.54% 

3.32% 

3.32% 

263372 Petards pp01-pp24.qxp  09/05/2022  15:42  Page 23

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  23

Corporate governance   

Results and dividends 
The profit for the year after tax was £865,000 (2020: loss of £583,000). The directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend. 

Going concern 
After making detailed enquiries, the Board has a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational 
existence for the foreseeable future and accordingly continues to prepare the financial statements on a going concern basis. Further details 
relating to going concern are provided at note 1 on page 35 to the financial statements. 

Auditor 
In accordance with section 489 of the Companies Act 2006, a resolution for the reappointment of BDO LLP as auditor of the Company is to 
be proposed at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting. 

By order of the Board 

Raschid Abdullah 
Director

Parallel House 
32 London Road 
Guildford 
Surrey 
GU1 2AB 

4 May 2022 

 
263372 Petards pp01-pp24.qxp  09/05/2022  15:42  Page 24

24  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Statement of directors’ responsibilities in respect of the 
annual report and the financial statements 

The directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the Group and parent Company financial statements in accordance with 
applicable law and regulations.   

Company law requires the directors to prepare Group and parent Company financial statements for each financial year.  As required by 
the AIM Rules of the London Stock Exchange they are required to prepare the Group financial statements in accordance with international 
accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and have elected to prepare the parent Company 
financial statements on the same basis. 

Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of 
the state of affairs of the Group and parent Company and of their profit or loss for that period.  In preparing each of the Group and parent 
Company financial statements, the directors are required to:  

l select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;   

l make judgements and estimates that are reasonable, relevant and reliable;   

l state whether they have been prepared in accordance with UK adopted international accounting standards;   

l assess the Group and parent Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going 

concern; and  

l use the going concern basis of accounting unless they either intend to liquidate the Group or the parent Company or to cease operations, 

or have no realistic alternative but to do so.   

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the parent Company’s 
transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the parent Company and enable them to ensure 
that its financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006.  They are responsible for such internal control as they determine is necessary 
to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and have general 
responsibility for taking such steps as are reasonably open to them to safeguard the assets of the Group and to prevent and detect fraud and 
other irregularities.   

Under applicable law and regulations, the directors are also responsible for preparing a Strategic Report and a Directors’ Report that complies 
with that law and those regulations.   

The directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on the Company’s website.  
Legislation in the UK governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  25

Financial statements

Independent auditor’s report to the members of 
Petards Group plc

Opinion on the financial statements 

Conclusions relating to going concern 

In our opinion: 

l the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of 
the  Group’s  and  of  the  Parent  Company’s  affairs  as  at 
31 December 2021 and of the Group’s profit for the year then 
ended; 

l the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in 
accordance with UK adopted international accounting standards; 

l the Parent Company financial statements have been properly 
prepared 
international 
in  accordance  with  UK  adopted 
accounting standards and as applied in accordance with the 
provisions of the Companies Act 2006; and 

l the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with 

the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

We  have  audited  the  financial  statements  of  Petards  Group  plc 
(the ‘Parent Company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘Group’) for the year 
ended 31 December 2021 which comprise the Consolidated Income 
Statement,  Statements  of  Changes  in  Equity,  Balance  Sheets, 
Statements of Cash Flows and notes forming part of the financial 
statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies.  

The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their 
preparation  is  applicable  law  and  UK  adopted  international 
accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006 and, as regards the Parent Company financial 
statements,  as  applied  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the 
Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion 

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the 
Directors’  use  of  the  going  concern  basis  of  accounting  in  the 
preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. Our evaluation 
of the Directors’ assessment of the Group and the Parent Company’s 
ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting 
included: 

l The Directors’ method for assessing going concern including the 
relevance and reliability of underlying data used to make the 
assessment,  and  whether  assumptions  and  changes  to 
assumptions from prior years are appropriate and where relevant 
consistent with each other.  In our evaluation of reliability of 
underlying data and assumptions used in the assessment, we 
compared current year actual results to budgets and forecasts 
prepared in the previous year 

l The Directors’ plans for future actions in relation to the going 
concern assessment including whether such plans are feasible 
in the circumstances. This included considering the accuracy of 
historic forecasting and carrying out sensitivity analysis 

l The  Directors’  stress-testing  of  the  forecasts  to  the  extent  of 
reasonable  worst-case  scenarios,  which  included  modelling 
revenue slippage in the delivery of contracts in the rail business. 
We have assessed these assumptions against past performance 
and the Group’s results for the financial year to date 

l The  compliance  with  covenants,  including  reviewing  the 
calculations with reference to the loan agreement and determine 
if  the  calculations  have  been  appropriately  applied  in  the 
sensitised scenario 

l The adequacy and appropriateness of disclosures in the financial 

statements regarding the going concern assessment. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards 
on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities 
under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  Auditor’s 
responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our 
report.  We  believe  that  the  audit  evidence  we  have  obtained  is 
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.  

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any 
material  uncertainties  relating  to  events  or  conditions  that, 
individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group 
and the Parent Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for 
a  period  of  at  least  twelve  months  from  when  the  financial 
statements are authorised for issue.  

Independence 

We remain independent of the Group and the Parent Company in 
accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our 
audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical 
Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other 
ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the Directors with 
respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of 
this report.

26  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Independent auditor’s report to the members of 
Petards Group plc (continued)   

Overview 

Coverage across the Group from components subject to 
full-scope audit 

92% (2020: 94%) of Group revenue 

98% (2020: 98%) of Group total assets 

Key audit matters 

Materiality 

                                                              2021                                  2020 

Revenue recognition                              3                               3 

Goodwill and intangible asset 
impairment risk                                        3                                        3 

Group financial statements as a whole 

£110,000 (2020: £105,000) based on 0.8% (2020: 0.8%) of revenue

An overview of the scope of our audit 

Key audit matters 

Our Group audit was scoped by obtaining an understanding of the 
Group and its environment, including the Group’s system of 
internal control, and assessing the risks of material misstatement in 
the financial statements.  We also addressed the risk of 
management override of internal controls, including assessing 
whether there was evidence of bias by the Directors that may have 
represented a risk of material misstatement. 

The Group’s operations are based in Gateshead, Kettering, Leeds 
and Guildford in the United Kingdom. 

We identified six components, three of which were considered 
significant and subject to a full-scope audits by the group audit 
team. The non-significant components were subject to desktop 
review and specific audit procedures on certain financial 
statements areas by the group audit team. 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional 
judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and include the most significant 
assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to 
fraud) that we identified, including those which had the greatest 
effect on: the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in 
the audit, and directing the efforts of the engagement team. These 
matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial 
statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and 
we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  27

Financial statements

Key audit matter                                                                                       How the scope of our audit addressed the key audit matter

Revenue 
recognition  

The accounting policy 
in respect of the 
accounting for 
contracts with 
customers is included 
within the accounting 
policy on page 42; the 
accounting estimate in 
respect of revenue 
recognition is included 
within the accounting 
judgements and 
estimates note on 
page 36. 

Goodwill and other 
intangible asset 
impairment risk (see 
note 11) 

The accounting policy 
in respect of the 
accounting for 
impairment is included 
within the accounting 
policy on page 39. 

The Group earns revenue from the 
sale of engineering services, 
software and hardware.  

We consider there to be a risk that 
revenues relating to engineering 
services, software and hardware 
may be overstated due to hardware 
and software delivered around the 
year end being recognised before 
the performance obligations have 
been satisfied, or service revenues 
not being appropriately deferred. 
For these reasons we considered 
this to be a key audit matter. 

Goodwill is tested for impairment 
at least annually through 
comparing the recoverable amount 
of the cash-generating unit, based 
on a value-in-use calculation, to the 
carrying value.  Furthermore, other 
intangible assets are tested for 
impairment where an indicator of 
impairment arises.  The risk that 
goodwill and intangible assets may 
be impaired is considered to be a 
key audit matter due to the level of 
judgement involved in the 
impairment review and the 
opportunity and incentive for 
management bias within the 
impairment model assumptions. 

For a sample of hardware and software sales, we assessed whether revenue 
was recognised in the appropriate accounting period through agreeing 
revenue recorded to supporting documentation such as despatch notes 
and customer acceptance. This testing was carried out with a particular 
focus on transactions with a close proximity to the year end. 

We also tested a sample of non-recurring engineering (NRE) contracts 
through reviewing contract terms, performance obligations and allocation 
of contract price to performance obligations, to ensure revenue 
recognition was appropriate throughout the year. 

For service revenues, on a sample basis this involved recalculating the 
revenue to be recognised over time with reference to the contractual 
terms and also recalculating the deferred revenue at the year end balance 
sheet date. 

Key observations: 

Based on the procedures performed, we have not identified any instances 
that may suggest that revenue has been inappropriately recognised. 

We examined the Group’s goodwill and intangible assets for indicators of 
impairment such as considering whether there was any evidence of a 
decline in the value of the assets due to events during the year and 
comparing net assets to market capitalisation. In our consideration of 
evidence of decline in value of assets, we compared actual revenues to 
previous forecasts, reviewing whether cash generating unit actual revenues 
were on the decline, indicating possible obsolescence in the intangible 
assets. 

We also assessed impairment reviews prepared by management, 
specifically reviewing the integrity   of management’s value-in-use model, 
such as agreeing the inputs on a sample basis to source documentation 
such as board approved forecasts and checking the mathematical accuracy, 
and, with the assistance of our internal valuation experts, we challenged the 
key assumptions and estimates, being forecast growth rates, operating cash 
flows and the discount rate.  We stress tested the models by flexing the 
assumptions and estimates by reference to what our internal valuation 
experts considered reasonable ranges. 

Our audit procedures for the review of operating cash flows and forecast 
growth rates included, amongst others, comparing the forecast to recent 
financial performance.  

With the assistance of our internal valuation experts we used market data 
to independently calculate a discount rate for comparison and also 
performed our own sensitivity analysis upon the key valuation inputs. 

Key observations: 

Based on the work performed, we found management’s judgements and 
assumptions in this area to be reasonable.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Independent auditor’s report to the members of 
Petards Group plc (continued)   

Our application of materiality 

We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, and in evaluating the effect of misstatements.  We 
consider materiality to be the magnitude by which misstatements, including omissions, could influence the economic decisions of 
reasonable users that are taken on the basis of the financial statements.  

In order to reduce to an appropriately low level the probability that any misstatements exceed materiality, we use a lower materiality level, 
performance materiality, to determine the extent of testing needed. Importantly, misstatements below these levels will not necessarily be 
evaluated as immaterial as we also take account of the nature of identified misstatements, and the particular circumstances of their 
occurrence, when evaluating their effect on the financial statements as a whole.   

Based on our professional judgement, we determined materiality for the financial statements as a whole and performance materiality as follows: 

                                                                                        Group financial statements                       Parent Company financial statements 

                                                                                        2021                                  2020                                  2021                                 2020 
                                                                                        £000                                  £000                                  £000                                 £000 
Materiality                                                                    110                                    105                                     100                                     90 

Basis for determining materiality                           0.8% of revenue                                                       95% of Group materiality (2020: 90% 

                                                                                                                                                                            of Group materiality) 

Rationale for the benchmark applied                   Revenue is considered to be one of                    95% (2020: 90%) of Group materiality 

                                                                                        the principal considerations for the                     given the assessment of the components 
                                                                                        users of the financial statements in                     aggregation risk. 
                                                                                        assessing the financial  
                                                                                        performance of the Group. 

Performance materiality                                             76                                       74                                       70                                       63 

Basis for determining performance materiality    70% (2020: 70%) of materiality. This was on the basis of our risk assessment, together with 

our assessment of the Group’s and Parent Company’s overall control environment and 
our past experience of the audit which has indicated a low number of corrected and 
uncorrected misstatements in the prior period and Management’s willingness to 
investigate and correct these. 

Component materiality 

We set materiality for each significant component of the Group based on a percentage of between 29% and 95% (2020: 24% and 86%) of Group 
materiality dependent on the size and our assessment of the risk of material misstatement of that component.  Component materiality ranged 
from £4,000 to £100,000 (2020: £25,000 to £90,000). In the audit of each component, we further applied performance materiality levels of 70% 
of the component materiality to our testing to ensure that the risk of errors exceeding component materiality was appropriately mitigated. 

Reporting threshold   

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to them all individual audit differences in excess of £2,300 (2020: £2,200). We also 
agreed to report differences below this threshold that, in our view, warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. 

Other information 

The Directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report and 
financial statements other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not 
cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance 
conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially 
inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially 
misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives 
rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is 
a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  29

Financial statements

Other Companies Act 2006 reporting 

Based on the responsibilities described below and our work performed during the course of the audit, we are required by the Companies 
Act 2006 and ISAs (UK) to report on certain opinions and matters as described below.   

Strategic Report and                              In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 
Directors’ Report                                     •      the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report for the financial year for 

which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and 

                                                                       •      the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report have been prepared in accordance with 

applicable legal requirements. 

                                                                       In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and Parent Company and its 

environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in 
the Strategic Report or the Directors’ Report. 

Matters on which we are                       We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies 
required to report by exception         Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 
                                                                       •      adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Parent Company, or returns adequate 

                                                                       •      the Parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records 

for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 

                                                                       •      certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
                                                                       •      we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

and returns; or 

Responsibilities of Directors 

As explained more fully in the statement of Directors’ responsibilities in respect of the annual report and the financial statements, the 
Directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for 
such internal control as the Directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material 
misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s and the Parent Company’s ability to continue 
as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the 
Directors either intend to liquidate the Group or the Parent Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, 
whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, 
but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be 
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

Extent to which the audit was capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud 

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our 
responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our 
procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below: 

–     Obtaining an understanding of the legal and regulatory framework in which the Group operates through enquiries of management, 
review of board minutes and consideration of the industry in which the Group operates. Relevant laws and regulations include the 
Companies Act 2006, QCA Code, AIM Listing Rules, UK adopted international accounting standards and health and safety and were 
communicated with the engagement team during the team briefing. 

–     Discussions with Management and the Audit Committee regarding known or suspected instances of non-compliance with laws and 

regulations. 

–     Review of board meeting minutes for any evidence of fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations including health and safety 

and taxation regulations. 

30  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Independent auditor’s report to the members of 
Petards Group plc (continued)   

–     The engagement partner assessed that the engagement team collectively had the appropriate competence and capabilities to 

identify or recognize non-compliance with laws and regulations based on experience of the industry. 

–     Communication of relevant identified laws and regulations and potential fraud risks to all engagement team members and remained 

alert to any indications of fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations throughout the audit. 

We focused on laws and regulations that could give rise to a material misstatement in the Group financial statements and the susceptibility 
of the Group’s financial statements to material misstatement including fraud. Our procedures included, but were not limited to: 

–     Obtaining an understanding of management incentives, including the extent to which remuneration is influenced by reported results, 

and opportunities for fraudulent manipulation of the financial statements such as management override; 

–     Obtaining an understanding of how cash can be fraudulently taken out of the Group, and how other assets (including stock) can be 

misappropriated; 

–     We focussed on the judgements and estimates inherent in the key audit matters and exercised professional scepticism in considering 

the impact of those estimates and judgements on the reported results and key performance measures such as revenue and the loss 
before tax; 

–     Obtaining an understanding of controls designed to prevent and detect irregularities, including the internal review process in relation to 

work in progress balances; 

–     Testing of journal entries made to accounts that were considered to carry a greater risk of fraud as part of our planned audit approach. 

Our audit procedures were designed to respond to risks of material misstatement in the financial statements, recognising that the risk of 
not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may involve 
deliberate concealment by, for example, forgery, misrepresentations or through collusion. There are inherent limitations in the audit 
procedures performed and the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations is from the events and transactions reflected 
in the financial statements, the less likely we are to become aware of it. 

A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.  
This description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the Parent Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006.  
Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Parent Company’s members those matters we are required to state to 
them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose.  To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to 
anyone other than the Parent Company and the Parent Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions 
we have formed. 

Malcolm Thixton (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
For and on behalf of BDO LLP, Statutory Auditor 
Southampton, United Kingdom 
4 May 2022 

BDO LLP is a limited liability partnership registered in England and Wales (with registered number OC305127).

 
 
 
Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  31

Financial statements

Consolidated income statement 

For year ended 31 December 2021

Revenue
Cost of sales

Gross profit
Administrative expenses
Other income

Adjusted EBITDA*
Amortisation of intangibles
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
Amortisation of right-of-use assets
Share based payment charges
Exceptional restructuring costs

Operating profit / (loss)
Finance income
Finance expenses

Profit / (loss) before tax
Income tax 

Profit / (loss) for the year attributable to equity shareholders of the parent

Other comprehensive income

Total comprehensive income/(expense) for the year

Profit / (loss) per ordinary share (pence) 
Basic
Diluted

Note

2

11
8
10
19

5
5

3
6

7
7

2021
£000

13,574
(7,482)

6,092
(5,530)
8

1,534
(603)
(193)
(136)
(32)
–

570
–
(68)

502
363

865

–

865

1.51
1.47

2020 
£000 

13,001 
(8,267) 

4,734 
(5,879) 
– 

320 
(637) 
(244) 
(133) 
(26) 
(425) 

(1,145) 
– 
(93) 

(1,238) 
655 

(583) 

– 

(583) 

(1.01) 
(1.01) 

*  Earnings before financial income and expenses, tax, depreciation, amortisation, exceptional items, acquisition costs and share based payment charges. See Alternative Performance 

Measures Glossary on page 69. 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statements. 

32  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Statements of changes in equity  

For year ended 31 December 2021

Group

At 1 January 2020
Loss for the year

Total comprehensive expense for the year
Contributions by and distributions to owners 
Equity-settled share based payments
Exercise of share options

Total contributions by and distributions to owners

Share
capital
£000

Share
premium
£000

Treasury
shares
£000

Equity
reserve
£000

Retained
earnings
£000

575
–

1,617
–

–

–
–

–

–

–
7

7

–
–

–

–
–

–

14
–

–

–
–

–

5,272
(583)

(583)

26
–

26

Total 
equity 
£000 

7,478 
(583) 

(583) 

26 
7 

33 

At 31 December 2020                                                                             575               1,624                      –                    14                4,715             6,928 

At 1 January 2021                                                                                       575               1,624                      –                    14                4,715             6,928 
865 
–
Profit for the year

865

–

–

–

Total comprehensive income for the year
Contributions by and distributions to owners 
Equity-settled share based payments
Purchase of treasury shares (note 21)

Total contributions by and distributions to owners

–

–
–

–

–

–
–

–

At 31 December 2021

575

1,624

–

–
(103)

(103)

(103)

–

–
–

–

865

865 

32
–

32

32 
(103) 

(71) 

14

5,612

7,722 

Company

At 1 January 2020
Profit for the year 

Total comprehensive income for the year
Contributions by and distributions to owners 
Equity-settled share based payments
Exercise of share options

Total contributions by and distributions to owners

Share
capital
£000

Share
premium
£000

Treasury
shares
£000

Equity
reserve
£000

Retained
earnings
£000

575
–

1,617
–

–

–
–

–

–

–
7

7

–
–

–

–
–

–

14
–

–

–
–

–

7,771
190

190

26
–

26

Total 
equity 
£000 

9,977 
190 

190 

26 
7 

33 

At 31 December 2020                                                                              575               1,624                      –                    14                7,987           10,200 

At 1 January 2021                                                                                       575               1,624                      –                    14                7,987           10,200  
153 
–
Profit for the year

153

–

–

–

Total comprehensive income for the year
Contributions by and distributions to owners 
Equity-settled share based payments
Purchase of treasury shares (note 21)

Total contributions by and distributions to owners

–

–
–

–

–

–
–

–

At 31 December 2021

575

1,624

–

–
(103)

(103)

(103)

–

–
–

–

153

153 

32
–

32

32 
(103) 

(71) 

14

8,172

10,282 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statements.

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  33

Financial statements

Note

8,9
10
11
12
13

14
15
16

20

21
22

17
18

17
18

Group
2021
£000

686
366
4,031
5
396

5,484

1,659
1,989
2,277

5,925

2020
£000

761
387
4,617
5
522

6,292

2,372
2,645
2,204

7,221

Company 
2021
£000

–
–
–
12,856
191

13,047

–
216
1,028

1,244

2020 
£000 

– 
– 
– 
12,856 
145 

13,001 

– 
225 
1,097 

1,322 

11,409

13,513

14,291

14,323 

575
1,624
(103)
14
5,612

7,722

284
–

284

483
2,920

3,403

3,687

575
1,624
–
14
4,715

6,928

649
–

649

376
5,560

5,936

6,585

575
1,624
(103)
14
8,172

575 
1,624 
– 
14 
7,987 

10,282

10,200 

125
979

1,104

250
2,655

2,905

4,009

375 
956 

1,331 

252 
2,540 

2,792 

4,123 

11,409

13,513

14,291

14,323 

Balance sheets 

At 31 December 2021

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment
Right of use assets
Intangible assets
Investments
Deferred tax assets

Current assets 
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 
Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent 
Share capital
Share premium
Treasury shares
Equity reserve
Retained earnings

Total equity 

Non-current liabilities 
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Trade and other payables

Current liabilities 
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Trade and other payables

Total liabilities

Total equity and liabilities

As permitted by section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the parent company’s income statement has not been included in these financial 
statements. The parent company’s profit for the financial year was £153,000 (2020: £190,000). 

These financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 4 May 2022 and were signed on its behalf by: 

Raschid Abdullah 
Director 

Registered number: 02990100 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statements.

34  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Statements of cash flows 

For year ended 31 December 2021

Cash flows from operating activities 
Profit/(loss) for the year
Adjustments for: 
    Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
    Amortisation of right of use assets
    Amortisation of intangible assets
    Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
    Profit on disposal of right of use assets
    Financial expenses
    Equity settled share-based payment expenses
    Income tax (credit)

Operating cash flows before movement in working capital
Change in inventories
Change in trade and other receivables
Change in trade and other payables

Cash generated from operations
Tax received

Net cash from operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment
Sale of right of use assets
Acquisition of intangible assets
Capitalised development expenditure
Acquisition of investments

Net cash outflow from investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities
Bank loan repaid
Interest paid on loans and borrowings
Principal paid on lease liabilities
Interest paid on lease liabilities
Other interest and foreign exchange
Proceeds from exercise of share options
Purchase of treasury shares

Net cash outflow from financing activities

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Total movement in cash and cash equivalents in the year
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December

Note

8, 9
10
11

5
19
6

8, 9
10
11
11
12

17
17
17
17

20
21

16

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statements.

Group
2021
£000

865

193
136
603
–
(8)
68
32
(363)

1,526
713
641
(2,596)

284
461

745

(118)
8
–
(17)
–

(127)

(250)
(18)
(122)
(27)
(25)
–
(103)

(545)

73

73
2,204

2,277

2020
£000

(583)

244
133
637
1
(5)
93
26
(655)

(109)
58
226
563

738
1,660

2,398

(33)
16
(150)
(371)
(5)

(543)

(250)
(33)
(138)
 (20)
(44)
7
–

(478)

1,377

1,377
827

2,204

Company 
2021
£000

153

–
–
–
–
–
41
32
(46)

180
–
9
138

327
–

327

–
–
–
–
–

–

(252)
(16)
–
–
(25)
–
(103)

(396)

(69)

(69)
1,097

1,028

2020 
£000 

190 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
61 
26 
(15) 

262 
– 
547 
529 

1,338 
– 

1,338 

– 
– 
– 
– 
(5) 

(5) 

(250) 
(33) 
– 
– 
(32) 
7 
– 

(308) 

1,025 

1,025 
72 

1,097 

 
 
Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  35

Financial statements

Notes 

(forming part of the financial statements) 

Accounting policies 

1
Petards Group plc (the “Company”) is a company incorporated in the UK.  

The Group financial statements consolidate those of the Company and its subsidiaries (together referred to as the “Group”). The parent 
company financial statements present information about the Company as a separate entity and not about its Group. 

The accounting policies set out below have, unless otherwise stated, been applied consistently to all periods presented in these consolidated 
financial statements. 

Statement of compliance 
Both the parent company financial statements and the Group financial statements have been prepared and approved by the directors in 
accordance with international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. On publishing the 
parent company financial statements here together with the Group financial statements, the Company is taking advantage of the exemption 
in section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 not to present its individual income statement and related notes that form a part of these approved 
financial statements. 

Basis of preparation 
The financial information is presented in Pounds Sterling, rounded to the nearest thousand, and is prepared on the historic cost basis. 

Going concern 
Petards is a critical supplier to many of its customers supporting the UK’s police and armed forces as well as the safe running of the railways.  
The main risks to the Group’s cash flows identified are firstly, that customers may delay or re-schedule deliveries for orders already in the 
Group’s order book and secondly that, in the short term, contract awards that the Group was expecting to secure for revenue in 2022 may 
be delayed.  By their nature these risks are difficult for the Group to directly influence or control, but by keeping in close contact with our 
customers we are seeking to ensure that we are well-informed about their plans and prepared to secure contracts awards as and when the 
opportunities arise. The Group is fortunate that its customer base comprises blue chip companies, the UK Government and its agencies and 
its exposure to credit risk is low. 

The Group currently meets its day to day working capital requirements through its own cash resources and a 3-year overdraft facility of 
£2.5 million which is available until May 2024. The overdraft facility was not drawn during the year.  Interest bearing loans and borrowings, 
excluding lease liabilities, totalled £0.38 million at the year-end.  

The Group has prepared working capital forecasts based on the 2022 budget updated for material known changes since it was prepared 
and the 2022 management accounts to 31 March 2022.  The time period reviewed is to 31 May 2023. At 31 March 2022 the Group had cash 
balances of £2.2 million and the £2.5 million overdraft facility was undrawn.  The model also considers the potential impact of rail contract 
awards that the Group is expecting to secure for revenue during the period that may be delayed or cancelled. 

The Board has concluded, after reviewing the work performed and detailed above, that there is a reasonable expectation that the Group has 
adequate resources to continue in operation until at least 31 May 2023. Accordingly, they have adopted the going concern basis in preparing 
these financial statements. 

Changes in accounting policies 
a)

New standards, interpretations and amendments effective from 1 January 2021 
The Group has applied the following standards and amendments for the first time in the annual reporting period commencing 
1 January 2021, which have had no material impact on the Group’s financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2021: 

l Interest Rate Benchmark Reform and its effects on Financial Reporting – phase 2 effective 1 January 2021 

36  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

1
b)

Accounting policies continued 
New standards, interpretations and amendments not yet effective 
The adoption of the following mentioned standards, amendments and interpretations in future years are not expected to have a 
material impact on the Group’s financial statements: 

l Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2018 – 2020 Cycle effective 1 January 2022 

Judgements and estimates 
The preparation of financial statements requires the directors to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that may affect the application 
of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and income and expenses. The key areas requiring the use of 
estimates and judgements which may significantly affect the financial statements are considered to be: 

Key Judgements 
a)

Revenue recognition (note 2) 
The Group recognises revenue when it transfers control over a product or service to its customer. Revenue is measured based on the 
consideration specified in a contract with a customer and excludes amounts collected on behalf of third parties. 

Where a modification to an existing contract occurs, the Group assesses the nature of the modification and whether it represents a separate 
performance obligation required to be satisfied by the Group, or whether it is a modification to the existing performance obligation. 

The Group applies judgements and estimates to its portfolio of contracts in order to identify specific performance obligations and the 
timing of transfer of control of a product or service to a customer. The most significant area of judgement arises in the determination 
of revenue recognition when undertaking engineering development contracts. Those undertaken in 2020 and 2021 have been 
recognised at a point in time on acceptance, rather than over the duration of the project.  The impact of this is to defer revenue to the 
point at which the development is completed. At 31 December 2021 contract liabilities (note 18) included no revenues deferred in 
this way (2020: £453,000). 

The Group does not expect to have any contracts where the period between the transfer of the promised goods or services to the 
customer and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, the Group has not needed to apply estimates and 
judgements in respect of the time value of money as applied to transaction prices. 

Recognition of deferred tax assets (notes 6 and 13) 
The Group has substantial deferred tax assets.  In determining how much of these assets can be recognised this requires an assessment 
of the extent to which it is probable that future taxable profits will be available. This assessment is based on management’s future 
assessment of the Group’s financial performance and forecast financial information. If sufficient future taxable profits are not available, 
the value of the deferred tax asset will reduce by an amount equal to 25% of any shortfall. 

Impairment of intangible assets (note 11) 
The Group performs impairment reviews at the reporting period end to identify any intangible assets that have a carrying value that 
is in excess of its recoverable value. Determining the recoverability of an intangible asset requires judgement in both the methodology 
applied and the key variables within that methodology. Where it is determined that an intangible asset is impaired, its carrying value 
will be reduced to its recoverable value with the difference recorded as an impairment charge in the income statement. 

Sensitivity analysis has been performed on the key assumptions for discount rate and forecast future cashflows to determine when 
impairment would occur. 

Capitalised development expenditure (note 11) 
This involves the identification of and judgement to capitalise development expenditure which is recoverable through future product 
revenue together with an assessment of the estimated useful economic life of any asset recognised.  Assets recognised in this way are 
also subject to impairment reviews. 

b)

c)

d)

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  37

Financial statements

1

Accounting policies continued 
The estimates and associated assumptions are based on forecasts of future product revenues, historical experience and various other 
factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making the judgements about 
carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates. 

The impact should the actual useful economic lives of one or more of the products be shorter than estimated would be an additional 
amortisation charge at that time. The conservative nature of the rail industry, and the long asset lives of the rail vehicles to which the 
Group’s products are fitted, has historically meant that no material adjustments of this nature have been required.  At 31 December 
2021 the net book value of capitalised development expenditure was £2,169,000 (2020: £2,693,000). 

Basis of consolidation 
Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group.  The Group controls an entity when it is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from 
its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity.  In assessing control, the Group 
takes into consideration potential voting rights that are currently exercisable.  The acquisition date is the date on which control is transferred 
to the acquirer. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that control 
commences until the date that control ceases. 

Inter-company balances, and any unrealised gains and losses or income and expenses arising from intragroup transactions, are eliminated 
when preparing the consolidated financial information. 

Foreign currency 
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated at the foreign exchange rate ruling at the date of the transaction.  Monetary assets and 
liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the balance sheet date are translated at the foreign exchange rate ruling at that date. 
Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate 
at the date of the transaction. Foreign exchange differences arising on translation are recognised in the income statement. 

Classification of financial instruments issued by the Group 
Following the adoption of IAS 32, financial instruments issued by the Group are treated as equity only to the extent that they meet the 
following two conditions:  

(a)

they include no contractual obligations upon the Company (or Group as the case may be) to deliver cash or other financial assets or 
to exchange financial assets or financial liabilities with another party under conditions that are potentially unfavourable to the Company 
(or Group); and  

(b) where the instrument will or may be settled in the Company’s own equity instruments, it is either a non-derivative that includes no 
obligation to deliver a variable number of the Company’s own equity instruments or is a derivative that will be settled by the Company 
exchanging a fixed amount of cash or other financial assets for a fixed number of its own equity instruments. 

To the extent that this definition is not met, the proceeds of issue are classified as a financial liability.  Where the instrument so classified takes 
the legal form of the Company’s own shares, the amounts presented in these financial statements for called up share capital and share 
premium account exclude amounts in relation to those shares.   

Finance payments associated with financial liabilities are dealt with as part of financial expenses. Finance payments associated with financial 
instruments that are classified in equity are treated as distributions and are recorded directly in equity. 

Investments in subsidiaries 
Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost less impairment in the Company balance sheet.   

Derivative financial instruments  
Derivative financial instruments are recognised both initially and subsequently at fair value. The gain or loss on remeasurement to fair value 
is recognised immediately in the income statement. 

38  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

Accounting policies continued 

1
Intra-group financial guarantee contracts 
Where the Company enters into financial guarantee contracts to guarantee the indebtedness of other companies within its Group, the 
Company considers these to be insurance arrangements and accounts for them as such. In this respect, the Company treats the guarantee 
contract as a contingent liability until such time as it becomes probable that the Company will be required to make a payment under 
the guarantee. 

Property, plant and equipment 
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. 

Where parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items of property, 
plant and equipment. 

Depreciation is charged to the income statement on a straight line basis over the estimated useful lives of each part of an item of property, 
plant and equipment. Land is not depreciated. The estimated useful lives are as follows: 

Leasehold improvements                          life of lease straight line  
Plant and equipment: 
    Plant and equipment                             3-10 years 
    Computer equipment                           3-5 years 
    Furniture and fittings                             3-5 years 
Motor vehicles                                             4-5 years 

The residual values and useful economic lives are reassessed annually. 

Business combinations 
Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method as at the acquisition date, which is the date on which control is 
transferred to the Group.  

Acquisitions on or after 1 January 2010 
For acquisitions on or after 1 January 2010, the Group measures goodwill at the acquisition date as: 

l

l

l

l

the fair value of the consideration transferred; plus  

the recognised amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree; plus 

the fair value of the existing equity interest in the acquiree; less 

the net recognised amount (generally fair value) of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed.  

When the excess is negative, a bargain purchase gain is recognised immediately in profit or loss. 

Costs related to the acquisition, other than those associated with the issue of debt or equity securities, are expensed as incurred. 

Any contingent consideration payable is recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. If the contingent consideration is classified as equity, 
it is not remeasured, and settlement is accounted for within equity. Otherwise, subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent 
consideration are recognised in profit or loss. 

On a transaction-by-transaction basis, the Group elects to measure non-controlling interests, which have both present ownership interests 
and are entitled to a proportionate share of net assets of the acquiree in the event of liquidation, either at its fair value or at its proportionate 
interest in the recognised amount of the identifiable net assets of the acquiree at the acquisition date. All other non-controlling interests are 
measured at their fair value at the acquisition date.

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  39

Financial statements

Accounting policies continued 

1
Other intangible assets that are acquired by the Group are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses.  

Amortisation is charged on a straight line basis over the estimated useful lives of intangible assets. Other intangible assets are amortised 
from the date they are available for use. 

Research and development 
Expenditure on research activities is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred. 

Expenditure on activities for the development of new or substantially improved products is capitalised if the product is technically and 
commercially feasible, and the Group has the technical ability and has sufficient resources to complete development and if the Group can 
measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development. The expenditure capitalised includes the cost 
of materials, direct labour and an appropriate proportion of overheads. Development expenditure not meeting the above criteria is recognised 
in the income statement as an expense as incurred. Capitalised development expenditure is stated at cost less accumulated amortisation 
and impairment losses. 

Internally generated development expenditure is amortised on a straight-line basis over the period which the directors expect to obtain 
economic benefits (typically 3 to 8 years from asset being available for use). Where no internally generated intangible asset can be recognised, 
development expenditure is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred. 

Other intangible assets 
Other intangible assets that are acquired by the Group are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. 

Amortisation  
Amortisation is charged to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of intangible assets unless such lives 
are indefinite. Intangible assets with an indefinite useful life and goodwill are systematically tested for impairment at each balance sheet 
date. Other intangible assets are amortised from the date they are available for use. The estimated useful lives are as follows: 

Technology related assets                         4-10 years  
Customer related assets                             3-5 years 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits with an original maturity of three months or less.  Bank borrowings that 
are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Group’s cash management are included as a component of cash and cash 
equivalents for the purpose only of the statement of cash flows. 

Impairment 
The carrying amounts of the Group’s assets, other than inventories and deferred tax assets are reviewed at each balance sheet date to 
determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated.  

Goodwill is allocated to cash generating units and is tested annually for impairment and more frequently if there are indications of impairment. 

An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset or its cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount. 
Impairment losses are recognised in the income statement.  Impairment losses recognised in respect of cash generating units are allocated 
first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to cash generating units and then to reduce the carrying amount of the other 
assets in the unit on a pro rata basis.  A cash generating unit is the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows that are 
largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets. 

Reversals of impairment 
An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed.  

An impairment loss in respect of other assets is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying 
amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised. 

40  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

Accounting policies continued 

1
Interest-bearing borrowings 
Interest-bearing borrowings are recognised initially at fair value less attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, interest-
bearing borrowings are stated at amortised cost with any difference between cost and redemption value being recognised in the income 
statement over the period of the borrowings on an effective interest basis. 

Employee benefits 
Defined contribution plans 
Obligations for contributions to defined contribution pension plans are recognised as an expense in the income statement as service is 
provided. 

Short-term benefits 
Short-term employee benefit obligations are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability 
is recognised for the amount expected to be paid under short-term cash bonus or profit-sharing plans if the Group has a present legal or 
constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably. 

Share-based payment transactions 
Options granted under the Group’s employee share schemes are equity settled.  The grant date fair value of options granted to employees 
is  recognised  as  an  employee  expense,  with  a  corresponding  increase  in  equity,  over  the  period  in  which  the  employees  become 
unconditionally entitled to the options.  The fair value of the options granted is measured using an option valuation model, taking into 
account the terms and conditions upon which the options were granted. The amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the 
actual number of share options that vest except where forfeiture is due only to share prices not achieving the threshold for vesting. 

Treasury shares 
Treasury shares are held as a deduction from equity and are held at cost price. 

Exceptional items 
Exceptional items are items of income and expenditure that are individually material due to size or incidence that the directors consider 
require separate disclosure in order for the reader to obtain a full understanding of the performance of the Group in the year. 

Provisions 
A provision is recognised in the balance sheet when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event, and 
it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. If the effect is material, provisions are determined 
by discounting the expected, risk adjusted, future cash flows at a pre-tax risk-free rate. 

Financial assets and liabilities 
Classification and measurement  
The Group classifies its financial instruments in accordance with IFRS 9 Financial Instruments.  

The Group has no derivative financial instruments either designated as cash flow hedges or not qualifying for hedge accounting. 

Impairment of financial assets 
The Group has two types of financial assets that are subject to IFRS 9’s expected credit loss model: 

l

l

trade and other receivables; and 

contract receivables. 

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  41

Financial statements

Accounting policies continued 

1
The Company has one type of financial asset that is subject to IFRS 9’s expected credit loss model: 

l

amounts owed by group undertakings in respect of the Company. 

Trade and other receivables and contract receivables do not contain a significant financing element and therefore expected credit losses are 
measured using the simplified approach permitted by IFRS 9, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from the initial 
recognition of the receivables. 

The Group has assessed credit risk in relation to defence-related sales to government customers or sub-contractors to governments and 
believes it to be extremely low, therefore no expected credit loss provision is required for these trade and other receivables, or contract 
receivables. The Group also considers expected credit losses for non-government commercial customers, however this risk is not expected 
to be material to the financial statements. 

Impairment provisions in respect of amount owed by group undertakings are recognised based on a forward-looking expected credit loss 
model. The methodology used to determine the amount of the provision is based on whether there has been a significant increase in credit 
risk since initial recognition of the financial asset. For those where the credit risk has not increased significantly since initial recognition of the 
financial asset, twelve-month expected credit losses along with gross interest income are recognised. For those for which credit risk has 
increased significantly, lifetime expected credit losses along with the gross interest income are recognised. For those that are determined to 
be credit impaired, lifetime expected credit losses along with interest income on a net basis are recognised. 

While cash and cash equivalents are also subject to the impairment requirements of IFRS 9, no impairment loss was identified. 

Classification 
The Group classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories: 

l

l

those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss); and 

those to be measured at amortised cost. 

Measurement 
At initial recognition, the Group measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not measured at fair value 
through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. 

The Group subsequently measures trade and other receivables, amounts owed by group undertakings in respect of the Company and 
contract receivables at amortised cost. 

Impairment 
For trade and other receivables, contract receivables and amounts due from equity accounted investments, the Group applies the simplified 
approach permitted by IFRS 9, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables. 

Financial liabilities 
Financial liabilities include the following items: 

Bank borrowings are initially recognised at fair value net of any directly attributable transaction costs. Such interest bearing liabilities are 
subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method, which ensures that any interest expense over the period 
to repayment is at a constant rate on the balance of the liability carried in the consolidated statement of financial position. For the purposes 
of each financial liability, interest expense includes initial transaction costs and any premium payable on redemption, as well as any interest 
or coupon payable while the liability is outstanding. 

Trade and other payables and other short-term monetary liabilities are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently carried at amortised 
cost using the effective interest method. 

42  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

Accounting policies continued 

1
Contracts with customers  
Revenue represents income derived from contracts for the provision of goods and services by the Group to customers in exchange for 
consideration in the ordinary course of the Group’s activities. Revenue is stated net of VAT, discounts and rebates. 

Performance obligations 
Upon approval by the parties to a contract, the contract is assessed to identify each promise to transfer either a distinct good or service or a 
series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer to the customer. Goods and services 
are distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations in the contract if the customer can benefit from them either on their 
own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and they are separately identifiable in the contract. 

Transaction price 
At the start of the contract, the total transaction price is estimated as the amount of consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled 
in exchange for transferring the promised goods and services to the customer, excluding sales taxes. Variable consideration, such as price 
escalation, is included based on the expected value or most likely amount only to the extent that it is highly probable that there will not be 
a reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised. The transaction price does not include estimates of consideration resulting from 
contract modifications, such as change orders, until they have been approved by the parties to the contract. The total transaction price is 
allocated to the performance obligations identified in the contract in proportion to their relative stand-alone selling prices. Given the bespoke 
nature of many of the Group’s products and services, which are designed and/or manufactured under contract to the customer’s individual 
specifications, there are sometimes no observable stand-alone selling prices. Instead, stand-alone selling prices are typically estimated based 
on expected costs plus contract margin consistent with the Group’s pricing principles. 

Revenue and profit recognition   
Revenue is recognised as performance obligations are satisfied and control of the goods or services is transferred to the customer. 

The majority of the Group’s revenue is derived from selling goods with revenue recognised at the point in time when control of the goods 
has transferred to the customer. This is generally when the goods are delivered to the customer. However, for export sales, control might also 
be transferred when delivered either to the port of departure or port of arrival, depending on the specific terms of the contract with a 
customer. There is limited judgement needed in identifying the point control passes: once physical delivery of the products to the agreed 
location has occurred, the Group no longer has physical possession, and usually will have a present right to payment and retains none of the 
significant risks and rewards of the goods in question. 

A small minority of contracts are negotiated on a bill and hold basis. In such arrangements revenue is recognised even though the Group 
still has physical possession only if: 

l

l

l

l

the arrangement is substantive (i.e. requested by the customer); 

the finished goods have been identified separately as belonging to the customer; 

the product is ready for physical transfer to the customer; and 

the Group does not have the ability to use the product to direct it to another customer. 

Some goods sold by the Group include warranties which require the Group to either replace or mend a defective product during the warranty 
period if the goods fail to comply with agreed-upon specifications. In accordance with IFRS 15, such warranties are not accounted for as 
separate performance obligations and hence no revenue is allocated to them. Instead, a provision is made for the costs of satisfying the 
warranties in accordance with IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets.  

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  43

Financial statements

Accounting policies continued 

1
Performance obligations are satisfied over time if one of the following criteria is satisfied: 

l

l

l

the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Group’s performance as it performs; 

the Group’s performance creates or enhances an asset that the customer controls as the asset is created or enhanced; or 

the Group’s performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the Group and it has an enforceable right to payment for 
performance completed to date. 

For each performance obligation to be recognised over time, the Group recognises revenue using an input method, based on costs incurred 
in the period. Revenue and attributable margin are calculated by reference to reliable estimates of transaction price and total expected costs, 
after making suitable allowances for technical and other risks. Revenue and associated margin are therefore recognised progressively as costs 
are incurred, and as risks have been mitigated or retired. The Group has determined that this method faithfully depicts the Group’s performance 
in transferring control of the goods and services to the customer. 

The Group’s contracts that satisfy the over time criteria are typically services and maintenance support contracts where the customer 
simultaneously receives and consumed the benefit provided by the Group’s performance. 

When it is probable that total contract costs will exceed total contract revenue, the expected loss is recognised immediately as an expense. 

The Group does not expect to have any contracts where the period between the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customer 
and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, the Group does not adjust its transaction price for the time value of money. 

Software licences 
The Group sells software licences either separately or together with other goods and services. Revenue recognition in respect of software 
licences sold as part of a bundle of goods and services is considered separately when the licence is determined to be a separate performance 
obligation. Software licences either represent a right to access the Group’s intellectual property as it exists throughout the licence period or 
a right to use the Group’s intellectual property as it exists at the point in time at which the licence is granted. Revenue in respect of right to 
access licences is recognised over the licence term and revenue in respect of right to use licences is recognised upfront on delivery to the 
customer. 

Contract modifications 

The Group’s contracts are sometimes amended for changes in customers’ requirements and specifications. A contract modification exists 
when the parties to the contract approve a modification that either changes existing or creates new enforceable rights and obligations. The 
effect of a contract modification on the transaction price and the Group’s measure of progress towards the satisfaction of the performance 
obligation to which it relates is recognised in one of the following ways: 

(a)

prospectively as an additional, separate contract; 

(b)

prospectively as a termination of the existing contract and creation of a new contract; or 

(c)

as part of the original contract using a cumulative catch up. 

The majority of the Group’s contract modifications are treated under either (a) (for example, the requirement for additional distinct goods or 
services) or (c) (for example, a change in the specification of the distinct goods or services for a partially completed contract), although the 
facts and circumstances of any contract modification are considered individually as the types of modifications will vary contract-by-contract 
and may result in different accounting outcomes. 

Costs to obtain a contract 
The Group expenses pre-contract bidding costs which are incurred regardless of whether a contract is awarded. The Group does not typically 
incur costs to obtain contracts that it would not have incurred had the contracts not been awarded. 

44  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements) 

Accounting policies continued 

1
Costs to fulfil a contract 
Contract fulfilment costs in respect of over time contracts are expensed as incurred. Contract fulfilment costs in respect of point in time 
contracts are accounted for under IAS 2 Inventories.   

Inventories 
Inventories include raw materials, work-in-progress and finished goods recognised in accordance with IAS 2 in respect of contracts with 
customers which have been determined to fulfil the criteria for point in time revenue recognition under IFRS 15. It also includes inventories 
for which the Group does not have a contract. This is often because fulfilment costs have been incurred in expectation of a contract award. 
The Group does not typically build inventory to stock. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, including all relevant overhead expenditure, 
and net realisable value. 

Contract receivables 
Contract receivables represent amounts for which the Group has an unconditional right to consideration in respect of unbilled revenue 
recognised at the balance sheet date and comprises costs incurred plus attributable margin. 

Contract liabilities 
Contract liabilities represent the obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which consideration has been received, or 
consideration is due, from the customer. 

Right-of use assets and leases 
The Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date.  The right-of-use asset is initially measured 
at cost, comprising the initial amount of the lease liability plus any initial direct costs incurred and any lease payments made at or before the 
lease commencement date, less any lease incentives received.  The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line 
method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the asset or the end of the lease term.  The lease liability 
is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest 
rate implicit in the lease, or if that rate cannot readily be determined, the incremental borrowing rate. The lease liability is subsequently 
measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.  It is re-measured when there is a change in future lease payments arising 
from a change in an index or a rate or a change in the Group's assessment of whether it will exercise an extension or termination option.  
When the lease liability is re-measured, a corresponding adjustment is made to the right-of-use asset.  

Judgements are involved in determining the lease term, particularly if extension or termination options are included in property leases across the 
Group. In determining the lease term, management considers all facts and circumstances that create an economic incentive to extend or terminate 
a property lease. Termination options are only included in the lease term if it is reasonably certain that the lease will be terminated.  The assessment 
of the lease term is reviewed if a significant event or a significant change in circumstances occurs that is within the control of the Group. 

Payments associated with short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised on a straight-line basis as an expense in profit or 
loss.  Short-term leases are leases with a lease term of 12 months or less.  Low-value assets are assets with a value of less than £5,000 when 
new, typically small items of IT equipment, office equipment and office furniture. 

Expenses 
Operating lease payments 
In applying paragraph 6 of IFRS 16, short term leases and leases for low value assets are not recognised as lease liabilities with a corresponding 
right-of- use asset. Payments under such leases are recognised in the income statement on a straight line basis over the term of the lease. 

Finance income 

Financial income comprises interest receivable on funds invested, and foreign exchange gains.  Interest income is recognised in the income 
statement as it accrues using the effective interest method. 

Finance expenses 
Financial expenses comprise interest payable on borrowings, interest on leases and foreign exchange losses.  

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  45

Financial statements

Accounting policies continued 

1
Taxation 
Income tax on the profit or loss for the period comprises both current and deferred tax.  Income tax is recognised in the income statement 
except to the extent that it relates to items recognised directly in equity, in which case it is recognised in equity. 

Current tax is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the balance 
sheet date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years.   

Deferred tax is provided using the balance sheet liability method, providing for temporary differences between the carrying amounts of 
assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes.  The amount of deferred tax provided is 
based on the expected manner of realisation or settlement of the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted or 
substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. 

A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the asset can 
be utilised.   

Segmental information 

2
The analysis by geographic segment below is presented in accordance with IFRS 8 on the basis of those segments whose operating results 
are regularly reviewed by the Board of Directors (the Chief Operating Decision Maker as defined by IFRS 8) to make strategic decisions, to 
monitor performance and allocate resources.  

The Board regularly reviews the Group’s performance and balance sheet position for its entire operations as a whole. The Board receives 
financial information, assesses performance and makes resource allocation decisions for its UK based business as a whole, therefore the 
directors consider the Group to have only one segment in terms of products and services, being the development, supply and maintenance 
of technologies used in advanced security, surveillance and ruggedised electronic applications. 

As the Board of Directors receives revenue, Adjusted EBITDA and operating profit on the same basis as set out in the consolidated income 
statement no further reconciliation or disclosure is considered necessary. 

Revenue by geographical destination can be analysed as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        £000

United Kingdom                                                                                                                                                                           12,162
Continental Europe                                                                                                                                                                            834
Rest of World                                                                                                                                                                                       578

                                                                                                                                                                                                        13,574

The timing of revenue recognition can be analysed as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        £000

Products and services transferred at a point in time                                                                                                             11,370
Products and services transferred over time                                                                                                                             2,204

                                                                                                                                                                                                        13,574

Details of the revenues relating to the Group’s main customers in the year are given in note 15. 

2020 
£000 

12,080 
837 
84 

13,001 

2020 
£000 

11,118 
1,883 

13,001 

46  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

Expenses and auditor’s remuneration 
3
Profit/(loss) before tax is stated after charging/(crediting): 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        £000

Amortisation of intangibles                                                                                                                                                              603
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment                                                                                                                         193
Amortisation of right-of-use assets                                                                                                                                                136
Development costs expensed directly to income                                                                                                                       536
Net write down of inventories                                                                                                                                                           61
Job Retention Scheme grants                                                                                                                                                              –
Other grant income                                                                                                                                                                              (8)

Auditor’s remuneration:                                                                                                                                                                       2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        £000

Audit of these financial statements                                                                                                                                                  21
Amounts receivable by the Company’s auditor and its associates in respect of:     
Audit of financial statements of subsidiaries pursuant to legislation                                                                                         55

2020 
£000 

637 
244 
133 
913 
108 
(141) 
(10) 

2020 
£000 

15 

69 

Amounts receivable by the Company’s auditor and its associates in respect of services to the Company, other than the audit of the Company’s 
financial statements, have not been disclosed as the information is required instead to be disclosed on a consolidated basis. 

Staff numbers and costs 

4
The aggregate payroll costs, including directors, were as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Group 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        £000

Wages and salaries                                                                                                                                                                         3,910
Share based payments (note 19)                                                                                                                                                       32
Social security costs                                                                                                                                                                           395
Other pension costs (note 19)                                                                                                                                                         206

                                                                                                                                                                                                           4,543

2020 
£000 

4,820 
26 
469 
177 

5,492 

The monthly average number of employees during the year (including directors) was as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Group 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Number

2020 
Number 

Direct labour                                                                                                                                                                                          47
Development                                                                                                                                                                                        14
Sales                                                                                                                                                                                                           4
Administration                                                                                                                                                                                      22

                                                                                                                                                                                                                 87

63 
18 
9 
19 

109 

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  47

Financial statements

Staff numbers and costs continued 

4
Directors’ remuneration 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2021
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        £000

Directors’ emoluments                                                                                                                                                                      566
Company contributions to defined contribution pension schemes                                                                                            1

                                                                                                                                                                                                              567

2020 
£000 

501 
1 

502 

The aggregate of emoluments of the highest paid director was £202,000 (2020: £217,000). 

                                                                                  Salaries                        Other                                                           Share options 
                                                                                 and fees                    benefits                        Bonuses                      exercised               Total           Total 
                                                                          2021          2020         2021          2020         2021          2020         2021          2020         2021          2020 
Name of Director                                       £000          £000         £000          £000         £000          £000         £000          £000         £000          £000 

R Abdullah                                                     140            130                –                –              30                –                –                –           170            130 
O Abdullah                                                     140            130                –                –              30                –                –                –           170             130 
P Negus¹                                                         202            217                –                –                –                –                –                –           202            217 
T Connolly                                                        24              24                –                –                –                –                –                –              24               24 

                                                                         506            501                –                –              60                –                –                –           566            501 

¹ Includes fees for the services of P Negus payable to Adcel Limited and Innu Limited of £178,000 (2020: £182,000). 

No directors are accruing rights to shares under long term incentive schemes.   

Number of directors exercising share options

Number of directors accruing benefits under a defined contribution pension scheme

Directors’ rights to subscribe for shares in the Company are as follows: 

2021                    2020 
Number              Number 

–

1

– 

1 

                                                                                                                                           At start of year              At end of year
Director                                                                                                                            Number of shares      Number of shares

Exercise price 
(pence) 

R Abdullah                                                                                                                                   1,425,000                       1,425,000
O Abdullah                                                                                                                                   2,737,500                       2,737,500
P Negus                                                                                                                                           300,000                          300,000

12.25p – 21.5p 
8p – 21.5p 
21.5p 

Further details of movement in rights to subscribe for shares are included in the Remuneration Report, under the heading ‘Directors’ Interests 
in Share Options’, which forms part of these audited financial statements. 

48  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

5

Finance income and expenses 

Recognised in profit or loss 
Interest on bank deposits

Financial income

Interest expense on financial liabilities at amortised cost 
Interest expense on lease liabilities
Other interest payable
Other exchange loss 

Financial expenses

6

Taxation  

Recognised in the income statement 

Current tax (credit)/expense 
Current tax charge
Adjustments in respect of prior years

Total current tax

Deferred tax (credit)/expense 
Origination and reversal of temporary differences
Utilisation of recognised tax losses
Adjustment in respect of prior years
Effect of change in rate of corporation tax

Total deferred tax

Total tax credit in income statement

2021                    2020 
£000                    £000 

–                           – 

–

– 

2021                    2020 
£000                    £000 

16                        29 
27                        20 
20                        23 
21 

5

68

93 

2021
£000

43
(532)

(90)
76
234
(94)

2021
£000

2020 
£000 

2020
£000

87
(748)

(489)

(661) 

(358)
13
412
(61)

126

(363)

6 

(655) 

The £532,000 credit to current tax in respect of prior years related to enhanced tax deductions for R&D tax claims and losses surrendered for 
R&D tax credits in respect of prior years. These claims are recognised when receipt is determined to be probable. The £234,000 deferred tax 
expense in respect of prior years, predominantly relates to previously recognised losses surrendered for the above R&D tax credits. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  49

Financial statements

6

Taxation continued 

Reconciliation of effective tax rate 

Profit/(loss) before tax

Tax using the UK corporation tax rate of 19% (2020: 19%)
Non-deductible expenses
Non-taxable income
Recognition of previously unrecognised tax losses
Adjustments in respect of prior years
Effect of change in rate of corporation tax
Other reconciling items

2021                    2020 
£000 
£000
(1,238) 
502

95                     (236) 
9                        18 
(10)                         – 
(65)                      (41) 
(298)                    (336) 
(94)                      (61) 
1 

–

Total tax credit                                                                                                                                                                                         (363)

(655) 

Factors that may affect future current and total tax charges 
The main rate of UK corporation tax, which was 19% for the year, will change to 25% with effect from 1 April 2023. That change was 
substantively enacted on 24 May 2021 and therefore the effect of this rate reduction has been applied to the deferred tax balances as at 
31 December 2021. 

Earnings per share 

7
Basic earnings per share 
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit/(loss) for the year attributable to the shareholders by the weighted average 
number of shares in issue.  

Earnings 
Profit/(loss) for the year (£000)

Number of shares 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares (‘000)

Basic profit/(loss) per share (pence)

2021                    2020 

865

(583) 

57,441

57,526 

1.51

(1.01) 

Diluted earnings per share  
Diluted earnings per share assumes conversion of all potentially dilutive ordinary shares, which arise from share options that would decrease 
earnings per share or increase loss per share from continuing operations and is calculated by dividing the adjusted profit for the year 
attributable to the shareholders by the assumed weighted average number of shares in issue. In 2020, the share options in issue had an 
anti-dilutive effect due to the loss in that year. 

Adjusted earnings 
Profit/(loss) for the year (£000)                                                                                                                                                              865

Number of shares 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares (‘000)                                                                                                                 58,744

(583) 

57,526 

2021                    2020 

Diluted profit/(loss) per share (pence)                                                                                                                                            1.47

(1.01) 

50  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

8

Property, plant and equipment – Group 

Cost 
Balance at 1 January 2020
Additions
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2020

Balance at 1 January 2021
Additions
Disposals
Reclassification

Balance at 31 December 2021

Depreciation and impairment 
Balance at 1 January 2020
Depreciation charge for the year
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2020

Balance as 1 January 2021
Depreciation charge for the year
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2021

Net book value 
At 1 January 2020

At 31 December 2020 and 1 January 2021

At 31 December 2021

Leasehold
improvements
£000

Plant and
equipment
£000

Motor 
vehicles
£000

285
1
–

286

286
–
–
3

289

246
17
–

263

263
17
–

280

39

23

9

2,117
32
(46)

2,103

2,103
37
(3)
(3)

2,134

1,183
227
(45)

1,365

1,365
165
(3)

1,527

934

738

607

15
–
(4)

11

11
81
–
–

92

15
–
(4)

11

11
11
–

22

–

–

70

Total 
£000 

2,417 
33 
(50) 

2,400 

2,400 
118 
(3) 
– 

2,515 

1,444 
244 
(49) 

1,639 

1,639 
193 
(3) 

1,829 

973 

761 

686 

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  51

Financial statements

9

Property, plant and equipment – Company 

Plant and 
equipment 
£000 

Cost 
Balance at 1 January 2020                                                                                                                                                                                                        5 
Additions                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     – 

Balance at 31 December 2020                                                                                                                                                                                                5 

Balance at 1 January 2021                                                                                                                                                                                                        5 
Additions                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     – 

Balance at 31 December 2021                                                                                                                                                                                                       5 

Depreciation and impairment 
Balance at 1 January 2020                                                                                                                                                                                                        5 
Depreciation charge for the year                                                                                                                                                                                            – 

Balance at 31 December 2020                                                                                                                                                                                                5 

Balance at 1 January 2021                                                                                                                                                                                                        5 
Depreciation charge for the year                                                                                                                                                                                            – 

Balance at 31 December 2021                                                                                                                                                                                                       5 

Net book value 
At 1 January 2020                                                                                                                                                                                                                      – 

At 31 December 2020 and 1 January 2021                                                                                                                                                                           – 

At 31 December 2021                                                                                                                                                                                                                        – 

52  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

10 Right of use assets – Group 

Assets
Cost 
Balance at 1 January 2020 
Reclassification of opening balance
Additions
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2020

Balance at 1 January 2021 
Additions
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2021

Amortisation 
Balance as 1 January 2020
Reclassification of opening balance
Amortisation charge for the year
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2020

Balance as 1 January 2021
Amortisation charge for the year
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2021

Net book value 
At 1 January 2020

At 31 December 2020 and 1 January 2021

At 31 December 2021

The Company has no right of use assets. 

Land and 
buildings
£000

Motor 
vehicles
£000

Total 
£000 

510 
–
65 
–

575 

575 
115 
–

690 

110   
–
112 
–

222 

222
122
–

344 

400 

353 

346

89   
35
– 
(25)

99 

99   
– 
(40)

59 

23   
35
21 
(14)

65 

65 
14 
(40)

39 

66   

34 

20

599  
35 
65  
(25) 

674  

674  
115  
(40) 

749  

133    
35 
133  
(14) 

287  

287    
136  
(40) 

383  

466  

387  

366 

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  53

Financial statements

10 Right of use assets – Group continued 

Lease liabilities 
Balance at 1 January 2020
Additions
Interest expense
Lease payments

Balance at 31 December 2020

Balance at 1 January 2021
Additions
Interest expense
Lease payments

Balance at 31 December 2021

Payable within one year (note 17)
Payable after more than one year (note 17)

Balance at 31 December 2021

Payable within one year (note 17)
Payable after more than one year (note 17)

Balance at 31 December 2020

Land and 
buildings
£000

Motor 
vehicles
£000

417
65
18
(137)

363

363
115
26
(138)

366

224
142

366

110 
253 

363 

54
–
2
(21)

35

35
–
1
(10)

26

9
17

26

14
21

35

Total 
£000 

471 
65 
20 
(158) 

398 

398 
115 
27 
(148) 

392 

233 
159 

392 

124  
274  

398 

54  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

11 Intangible assets – Group  

Cost 
Balance at 1 January 2020
Additions - internally developed

Balance at 31 December 2020

Balance at 1 January 2021
Additions
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2021

Amortisation and impairment 
Balance at 1 January 2020
Amortisation charge for the year

Balance at 31 December 2020

Balance as 1 January 2021
Amortisation charge for the year
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2021

At 1 January 2020

At 31 December 2020 and 1 January 2021

At 31 December 2021

Customer
related
intangibles
£000

Technology 
related
intangibles
£000

Goodwill
£000

Development 
costs
£000

178
–

178

178
–
–

178

126
52

178

178
–
–

178

52

–

–

448
150

598

598
–
–

598

110
52

162

162
62
–

224

338

436

374

1,488
–

1,488

1,488
–
–

1,488

–
–

–

–
–
–

–

1,488

1,488

1,488

5,676
371

6,047

6,047
17
(1,934)

4,130

2,821
533

3,354

3,354
541
(1,934)

1,961

2,855

2,693

2,169

Total 
£000 

7,790 
521 

8,311 

8,311 
17 
(1,934) 

6,394 

3,057 
637 

3,694 

3,694 
603 
(1,934) 

2,363 

4,733 

4,617 

4,031 

Development costs relate to the ongoing development of the Group’s rail products. This includes an amount of £210,000 (2020: £337,000) for 
which amortisation has not yet commenced. 

Amortisation 
The amortisation charge is recognised within administrative expenses in the income statement. 

Impairment testing 
The  Group  considers  that  for  the  purpose  of  goodwill  impairment  testing  it  has  three  cash  generating  units  (CGUs)  involved  in  the 
development, supply and maintenance of technologies used in advanced security, surveillance, web-based real-time safety critical integrated 
software applications and ruggedised electronic applications. 

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  55

Financial statements

11 Intangible assets – Group continued 
Goodwill has been allocated to cash generating units as follows: 

Petards Joyce-Loebl 
QRO Solutions 
RTS Solutions

2021                    2020 
£000                    £000 

219                      219 
488                      488 
781 
781

1,488

1,488 

Impairment is tested by calculating its value in use by reference to discounted cash flow forecasts over a five year period.  The key assumptions 
for the value in use calculation are those regarding the growth rates, discount rates and expected changes in profit margins during the 
period.  These are based on approved forecasts for the next year and an assumption of no growth thereafter has been applied in perpetuity 
(2020: approved forecasts for the next year and an assumption of no growth thereafter, applied in perpetuity) and are based on forecast profit 
margin being maintained (2020: profit margin maintained). The discount rate applied is 10% (2020: 10%). 

For Petards Joyce-Loebl the discount rate would have to increase to 33% before there is an impairment. The gross profit would have to fall 
by 70% before there is an impairment. 

For QRO Solutions the discount rate would have to increase to 110% before there is an impairment. The gross profit would have to fall by 
91% before there is an impairment.  

For RTS Solutions the discount rate would have to increase to 32% before there is an impairment. The gross profit would have to fall by 69% 
before there is an impairment. 

The Company had no intangible assets in 2020 or 2021. 

12 Investments 
The Group and Company have the following investments in subsidiary undertakings: 

Name of company

Petards Joyce-Loebl Limited
QRO Solutions Limited
RTS Solutions (UK) Limited
RTS Solutions (Holdings) 
Limited
Water Hall Group plc
Petards Limited
Joyce-Loebl Group Limited
Petards International Limited
Petards Traincare Limited
Petards Railcare Limited

Country of operation
and registration

England (2)
England (1)
England (1)

England (1)
England (1)
England (2)
England (2)
England (2)
England (1)
England (1)

Registered offices: 
(1) Parallel House, 32 London Road, Guildford, GU1 2AB 
(2) 390 Princesway, Team Valley, Gateshead, Tyne and Wear, NE11 0TU 

Nature of business

Holding

Specialist electronic systems
Specialist electronic systems
Specialist electronic systems

Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares

Non-trading
Non-trading
Dormant
Dormant
Dormant
Dormant
Dormant

Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares

Proportion held 

Group

Company 

100%
100%
100%

100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%

100% 
100% 
100% 

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

56  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

12 Investments continued 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Shares in 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 subsidiary 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           undertakings 
Company                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         £000 
Cost 
Balance at 1 January 2020                                                                                                                                                                                              18,365 
Acquisition                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  5 

Balance at 31 December 2020                                                                                                                                                                                       18,370 

Balance at 1 January 2021                                                                                                                                                                                              18,370 
Disposal of dormant subsidiary undertaking                                                                                                                                                              (1,180) 

Balance at 31 December 2021                                                                                                                                                                                            17,190 

Provisions for impairment in value 
Balance at 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2020                                                                                                                                                     5,514 

Balance at 1 January 2021                                                                                                                                                                                                5,514 
Disposal of dormant subsidiary undertaking                                                                                                                                                              (1,180) 

Balance at 31 December 2021                                                                                                                                                                                              4,334 

Net book value 
At 1 January 2020                                                                                                                                                                                                             12,851 

At 31 December 2020                                                                                                                                                                                                     12,856 

At 31 December 2021                                                                                                                                                                                                            12,856 

The acquisition in 2020 related to a subscription for shares for a small shareholding in a private technology company. 

13 Deferred tax assets and liabilities 
Group 
Recognised deferred tax assets and liabilities are attributable to the following: 

Property, plant and equipment
Provisions
Tax value of loss carry-forwards
Intangible fixed assets

Tax assets/(liabilities)
Offset of tax

Net tax assets

Assets

Liabilities

Net 

2021
£000

–
6
926
–

932
(536)

396

2020
£000

–
5
937
–

942
(420)

522

2021
£000

(81)
–
–
(455)

(536)
536

–

2020
£000

(48)
–
–
(372)

(420)
420

–

2021
£000

(81)
6
926
(455)

396
–

396

2020 
£000 

(48) 
5 
937 
(372) 

522 
– 

522 

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  57

Financial statements

13 Deferred tax assets and liabilities continued 
Unrecognised deferred tax assets are attributable to the following: 

Property, plant and equipment
Provisions
Tax value of loss carry-forwards

Tax assets

There is no expiry date on the above unrecognised deferred tax assets. 

Movement in deferred tax during the year 

Property, plant and equipment
Provisions
Tax value of loss carry-forwards
Intangible fixed assets

Movement in deferred tax during the prior year 

Property, plant and equipment
Provisions
Tax value of loss carry-forwards
Intangible fixed assets
Initial application of IFRS 15

Company 
Recognised deferred tax assets are attributable to the following: 

Tax value of loss carry-forwards

Tax assets

Assets                 Assets 
2021                    2020  
£000                    £000 

365                      278 
5                           2 
1,475 

1,856

2,226

1,755 

1 January
2021
£000

Recognised 31 December 
2021 
£000 

in income
£000

(48)
5
937
(372)

522

(33)
1
(11)
(83)

(126)

(81) 
6 
926 
(455) 

396 

1 January
2020
£000

Recognised 31 December 
2020 
£000 

in income
£000

(80)
5
919
(328)
12

528

32
–
18
(44)
(12)

(6)

(48) 
5 
937 
(372) 
– 

522 

Assets                 Assets 
2021                    2020 
£000                    £000 

191

191

145 

145 

58  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

13 Deferred tax assets and liabilities continued 
Unrecognised deferred tax assets are attributable to the following: 

Property, plant and equipment
Provisions
Tax value of loss carry-forwards 

Tax assets

There is no expiry date on the above unrecognised deferred tax assets. 

14 Inventories 

Raw materials and consumables
Work in progress

Assets                 Assets 
2021                    2020 
£000                    £000 

34                        26 
5                           3 
98 

91

130

127 

Group

Company 

2021
£000

1,310 
349 

1,659 

2020
£000

1,357 
1,015 

 2,372 

2021
£000

–
–

–

2020 
£000 

– 
– 

– 

The directors consider all inventories to be essentially current in nature although the duration of certain contracts is such that a proportion 
of inventories will not be realised within 12 months.  It is not possible to determine this amount with precision as this is dependent on several 
matters including future order volumes, the timing of project milestones and customer call off schedules. 

Inventories recognised as cost of sales in the year amounted to £6,014,000 (2020: £4,944,000). At 31 December 2021 inventories are shown 
net of provisions of £388,000 (2020: £327,000). 

15 Trade and other receivables 

Trade receivables
Amounts owed by group undertakings
Corporation tax recoverable
Other receivables
Prepayments and accrued income

Group

Company 

2021
£000

1,683
–
–
152
154

1,989

2020
£000

2,381
–
15
4
245

2,645

2021
£000

–
200
–
–
16

216

2020 
£000 

– 
200 
– 
– 
25 

225 

At 31 December 2021 trade receivables include retentions of £390,000 (2020: £240,000). 

The Group has a variety of credit terms depending on the customer and these generally range from 14 to 60 days.  The majority of the Group’s 
sales are made to government agencies and blue chip companies and consequently have very low historical default rates. No expected 
credit loss provision is considered necessary. 

At 31 December 2021 trade receivables are shown net of an allowance for credit notes of £nil (2020: £nil) arising from the ordinary course of 
business. 

 
Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  59

Financial statements

15 Trade and other receivables continued 
The ageing of trade receivables at the balance sheet date was: 

Group 
Not past due date
Past due date (0-90 days)
Past due date (over 90 days)

Group 

2021
Gross and
net trade
receivables
£000

2020
Gross and 
net trade 
receivables 
£000 

1,444                   1,850 
239                      350 
181 

–

1,683

2,381 

Management has no indication that any unimpaired amounts will be irrecoverable.  No other receivables are past due in either the current 
or prior year. 

In 2021 revenues for two customers each exceeded 10% of the Group’s revenues.  Revenues from these customers were £3,323,000, and 
£1,642,000 (2020: Two customers: £3,827,000 and £1,462,000) of which £507,000 was included in the carrying amount of trade receivables at 
31 December 2021 (2020: £979,000). 

The maximum exposure to credit risk for trade receivables at the reporting date by geographic region was:  

UK
Europe
Other regions

Group 
2021                    2020 
£000                    £000 

1,233                   2,077 
396                      302 
2 

54

1,683

2,381 

The Group’s exposure to credit and currency risks and impairment losses related to trade receivables is disclosed at note 23. 

The Company has no trade receivables, but it has receivables from group undertakings which are analysed at note 27. No expected credit 
loss provision is considered necessary. 

16 Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents per balance sheet and per cash flow statement

Group

Company 

2021
£000

2020
£000

2021
£000

2020 
£000 

2,277

2,204

1,028

1,097 

The Group’s exposure to credit and currency risk related to cash and cash equivalents is disclosed at note 23.

60  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

17 Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 
This note provides information about the contractual terms of the Group’s and Company’s interest-bearing loans and borrowings, which are 
measured at amortised cost. More information about the Group’s and Company’s exposure to interest rate and foreign currency risk is disclosed 
at note 23. 

Non-current liabilities 
Bank loan
Lease liabilities

Current liabilities 
Bank loan
Lease liabilities

Group

Company 

2020
£000

375
274

649

252
124

376

2021 
£000

125
–

125

250
–

250

2020 
£000 

375 
– 

375 

252 
– 

252 

2021
£000

125
159

284

250
233

483

The interest rate on the bank loan is set at The Bank of England bank rate plus 3.25% and the loan is secured by a fixed and floating charge 
over the assets of the Group. In May 2021 the bank loan was re-financed as a CBILS term loan over the existing term and no interest is payable 
for the first year.  The Group has available a £2.5 million 3-year CBILS overdraft facility which expires in May 2024 and which was undrawn at 
31 December 2021.   

Changes in liabilities from financing activities 
Current 
                                                                                                                                                                                 Non-current 
                                                                                                                                                                                      loans and 
loans and 
                                                                                                                                                                                   borrowings borrowings 
£000
                                                                                                                                                                                                £000

Lease 
liabilities  
£000 

Balance at 1 January 2021                                                                                                                                           375
Cash items: 
Repayment of bank loan and interest                                                                                                                           –
Payment of lease liabilities                                                                                                                                              –
Non-cash items: 
New lease liabilities (note 10)                                                                                                                                         –
Interest expense                                                                                                                                                                –
Re-classified from non-current to current in year                                                                                                 (250)

Balance at 31 December 2021                                                                                                                                      125

252

(268)
–

–
16
250

250

398 

– 
(148) 

115 
27 
– 

392 

 
Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  61

Financial statements

17 Interest-bearing loans and borrowings continued 
Current 
                                                                                                                                                                                 Non-current 
                                                                                                                                                                                      loans and 
loans and 
                                                                                                                                                                                   borrowings borrowings 
£000
                                                                                                                                                                                                £000

Lease 
liabilities  
£000 

Balance at 1 January 2020                                                                                                                                               –
Cash items: 
Repayment of bank loan and interest                                                                                                                           –
Payment of lease liabilities                                                                                                                                              –
Non-cash items: 
New lease liabilities (note 10)                                                                                                                                         –
Interest expense                                                                                                                                                                –
Re-classified from current to non-current in year                                                                                                  375

Balance at 31 December 2020                                                                                                                                   375

881

(283)
–

–
29
(375)

252

471 

– 
(158) 

65 
20 
– 

398 

18 Trade and other payables 

Non-current liabilities 
Amounts owed to group undertakings

Current liabilities 
Trade payables
Amounts owed to group undertakings
Contract liabilities
Non-trade payables and accrued expenses

Contract liabilities 

At 1 January 
Amounts included in contract liabilities that were recognised as  
    revenue during the year
Cash received in advance of performance and not recognised as  
    revenue during the year

At 31 December 

2021 
£000

–

606
–
69
2,245

2,920

2021 
£000

1,177

Group

Company 

2020
£000

–

1,434
–
1,177
2,949

5,560

2021 
£000

979

60
2,289
–
306

2,655

2020 
£000 

956 

31 
2,234 
– 
275 

2,540 

Group

Company 

2020
£000

1,320

(1,177)

(867)

69

69

724

1,177

2021 
£000

2020 
£000 

–

–

–

–

– 

– 

– 

– 

No amounts included in current liabilities are expected to be settled in more than 12 months (2020: £nil).  In both 2020 and 2021 amounts 
payable to group undertakings in current liabilities are due on demand but have no fixed repayment dates. 

The non-current amount payable to a group undertaking is formally agreed, attracts interest at 2.75% and is not repayable before 30 April 2023. 

 
62  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

19 Employee benefits 
Defined contribution plans 
The Group operates defined contribution pension plans. 

The total expense relating to defined contribution plans in the current year was £206,000 (2020: £175,000). 

Share-based payments 
The Company has granted share options under its Enterprise Management Incentive Scheme (‘EMI Scheme’), and an Unapproved Share 
Option Scheme (‘Unapproved Scheme’). Options granted have a contractual life of ten years and are exercisable on the third anniversary 
from the date of grant. All options are to be settled by physical delivery of shares. 

The unexercised options at 31 December 2021 are stated below. 

Date of grant

Scheme

Nov 2013
Jan 2016
Jan 2016
Jul 2017
Oct 2018
Oct 2018
Apr 2019

EMI Scheme
EMI Scheme
Unapproved Scheme
EMI Scheme
EMI Scheme
Unapproved Scheme
EMI Scheme

(1) Fully vested 
(2) 3 years from date of grant 

Exercise 
price
(pence)

8.00p
12.25p
12.25p
29.00p
21.50p
21.50p
23.50p

Outstanding at beginning of the year
Forfeited/lapsed
Exercised

Outstanding at the end of the year

Exercisable at the end of the year

Number of 
options granted

Vesting 
conditions

1,312,500
1,510,204
189,796
80,000
575,000
875,000
75,000

(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

Exercise period 

Nov 2013 – Nov 2023 
Jan 2019 – Jan 2026 
Jan 2019 – Jan 2026 
Jul 2020 – Jul 2027 
Oct 2021 – Oct 2028 
Oct 2021 – Oct 2028 
Apr 2022 – Apr 2029 

2021

2020 

Weighted
average
exercise
price
£

0.144
0.1225
–

0.144

0.143

Number of
shares

4,697,500
(80,000)
–

4,617,500

4,542,500

Number of
shares

4,917,500
(160,000)
(60,000)

4,697,500

3,172,500

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
£ 

0.1430 
0.1225 
0.1225 

0.144 

0.112 

The estimated fair value of the options ranges between 2.5p and 9.8p. These were calculated by applying the Black-Scholes option pricing 
model. The model inputs were the share price at the date of grant, the appropriate exercise price, expected volatility of 30.7% (2020: 30.7%) 
and a risk free interest rate of 0.8% (2020: 0.8%). It was assumed that option holders would exercise their options during the first year after the 
option vesting date. The volatility measured at the standard deviation of continuously compounded share returns is based on statistical 
analysis of daily share prices over the period of one year to the date of grant. 

The options outstanding at 31 December 2021 had exercise prices ranging from 8p to 29p and the weighted average remaining contractual 
life of the options was 4.4 years.   

The Group and Company recognised a total expense of £32,000 (2020: £26,000) in respect of equity settled share options. 

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  63

Financial statements

20 Share capital 

Number of shares in issue – allotted, called up and fully paid 
Ordinary shares of 1p each

Value of shares in issue – allotted, called up and fully paid 
Ordinary shares of 1p each

At

At 
31 December 31 December 
2020 
Number 

2021
Number

57,528,229

57,528,229 

£000

£000 

575

575 

The Company’s issued share capital comprises 57,528,229 ordinary shares of 1p each, of which 1,000,000 are held in treasury.  Therefore, the 
total number of voting rights in the Company is 56,528,229. 

21 Treasury shares 

At 1 January
Acquired in the period

At 31 December

At 31 December 2021
Cost 
£000

Number of 
shares

At 31 December 2020 
Cost  
£000 

Number of 
shares

–
1,000,000

1,000,000

–
103

103

–
–

–

– 
– 

– 

On 30 November 2021 the Company purchased 1,000,000 of its own ordinary shares of 1p each to be held as treasury shares. 

22 Equity reserve 
The equity reserve relates to the fair value of the share options issued but not yet exercised in respect of the acquisition of Water Hall Group 
plc in 2013.  

23 Financial risk management 
The Group’s and Company’s policy is to maintain a strong capital base with a view to ensuring that entities within the Group will be able to 
continue as going concerns. 

The Group’s and Company’s principal financial instruments comprise short term debtors and creditors, short term bank deposits, cash, bank 
borrowings, leases and, when required, forward currency contracts and options. Neither the Group nor the Company trades in financial 
instruments but, where appropriate, uses derivative financial instruments in the form of forward foreign currency contracts and options to 
help manage foreign currency exposures.  The prime objective of the Group’s and Company’s policy towards financial instruments is to 
manage their working capital requirements and finance their ongoing operations.  

Capital management 
The Group’s and Company’s policy is to maintain a strong capital base with a view to ensuring that entities within the Group will be able to 
continue as going concerns. The Group and Company finance their operations through retained earnings, cash resources, bank borrowings, 
share placings and the management of working capital.  It is the intention to issue new shares when satisfying share based incentive schemes.  
Capital is defined as total equity as set out in the balance sheet. 

64  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

23 Financial risk management continued 
Management of financial risk 
The main risks associated with the Group’s financial instruments have been identified as credit risk, liquidity risk and foreign currency risk.  
The main risks associated with the Company’s financial instruments have been identified as liquidity risk.  The Board is responsible for managing 
these risks and the policies adopted, which have remained largely unchanged throughout the year. 

Credit risk 
The carrying amount of financial assets included in the balance sheet, which represents the maximum credit risk, and the headings in which 
they are included are as follows: 

Current assets 
Trade receivables
Other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents

Group

Company 

2021
£000

1,683
152
2,277

4,112

2020
£000

2,381
4
2,204

4,589

2021
£000

–
200
1,028

1,228

2020 
£000 

– 
200 
1,097 

1,297 

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations 
and arises principally from the Group’s receivables from customers.  The Group’s risk is influenced by the nature of its customers.  The majority 
of sales are made to government agencies and blue chip companies.  New customers are analysed for creditworthiness before the Group’s 
standard payment and delivery terms and conditions are offered and appropriate credit limits set. Customers that fail to meet the Group’s 
benchmark creditworthiness may transact with the Group only on a prepayment basis.  The carrying amount of trade receivables in the 
balance sheet represents the maximum exposure to credit risk and further details are given in note 15 to the financial statements.  The Board 
considers the Group’s exposure to credit risk to be acceptable and normal for an entity of its size given the industries in which it operates. 

The Company’s financial assets comprise amounts owed by group undertakings and the Board considers that there is no significant exposure 
to credit risk. 

Surplus cash balances are placed on short term deposit with UK banks. 

Interest rate risk 
The Group has financed its operations from its own cash resources and a bank loan originally drawn in 2018 for the acquisition of RTS Solutions 
(Holdings) Limited. The Group’s bank borrowings bear interest at The Bank of England’s bank rate plus 3.25%. If The Bank of England’s bank 
rate were to change by 50% the impact would be approximately £1,000 per annum. 

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  65

Financial statements

23 Financial risk management continued 
The interest rate risk profile of the Group’s and Company’s interest bearing financial instruments was as follows: 

Interest rate risk profile of financial assets

Floating rate assets (by currency): 
Sterling
US Dollar
Euro

Interest rate profile of financial liabilities 
Fixed rate liabilities (by currency): 
Sterling

Floating rate liabilities (by currency): 
Sterling

Group

Company 

2020
£000

2,101
100
3

2,204

398

627

2021
£000

1,028
–
–

1,028

–

375

2020 
£000 

1,097 
– 
– 

1,097 

– 

627 

2021
£000

2,163
114
–

2,277

392

375

The fixed rate financial liabilities comprise lease liabilities. 

While  the  Group  and  Company  have  access  to  an  overdraft  facility  which  carries  a  variable  interest  rate,  this  facility  was  undrawn  at 
31 December 2021, so the Group and Company are not exposed to interest rate risk on this facility. 

Liquidity risk 
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group and Company will not be able to access the necessary funds to finance their operations.  Their own 
cash resources and bank borrowings are the predominant source of funds.  Surplus cash is placed on short term deposit with UK banks. 

The Group manages its liquidity risk by monitoring existing facilities and cash flows against forecast requirements based on a rolling cash 
forecast. 

The carrying amount of financial liabilities included in the balance sheet and the headings in which they are included are as follows: 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables
Lease liabilities
Bank loan
Amounts owed to group undertakings

Non-current liabilities 
Lease liabilities
Bank loan
Amounts owed to group undertakings

Group

Company 

2020
£000

5,560
124
252
–

274
375
–

2021
£000

298
–
250
2,288

–
125
979

2020 
£000 

306 
– 
252 
2,234 

– 
375 
956 

2021
£000

2,983
233
250
–

159
125
–

3,750

6,585

3,940

4,123 

 
66  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

23 Financial risk management continued 
The following are the contractual maturities of financial liabilities, including estimated interest payments and excluding the effect of netting 
agreements:  

Non-derivative financial liabilities 
Lease liabilities
Bank loan
Trade and other payables

Carrying
amount
£000

Contractual
cash flows
£000

392
375
2,940

431
386
2,940

3,694

2021 

1 year
or less
£000

253
260
2,864

3,377

1 to
<2 years
£000

2 to
<5 years
£000

5 years 
and over 
£000 

105
126
–

231

73
–
–

73

– 
– 
– 

– 

The contractual cash flows include interest estimated at a rate of between 3.5% and 4.25%. 

Non-derivative financial liabilities 
Finance lease liabilities
Bank loan
Trade and other payables

Carrying
amount
£000

Contractual
cash flows
£000

398
627
5,473

475
653
5,473

6,601

2020 

1 year
or less
£000

147
267
5,473

5,887

1 to
<2 years
£000

2 to
<5 years
£000

5 years 
and over 
£000 

144
259
–

403

184
127
–

311

– 

– 

– 

The directors consider that the carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities approximate their fair values. 

Foreign currency risk 
The Group is exposed to currency risk on purchases and occasionally on sales, that are denominated in a currency other than the respective 
functional currencies of Group entities.  About 6 percent (2020: 6 percent) of the Group’s sales were to customers in Continental Europe and 
less than 4 percent (2020: less than 1 percent) were to customers in the Rest of the World.  These sales were priced in Pounds Sterling.  The 
Group makes purchases in Pounds Sterling, Euros and US Dollars and the Group’s policy is to reduce currency exposures through, where 
appropriate, forward foreign currency contracts. 

Currency risk of financial assets and liabilities 
The Group also has non-structural currency exposures i.e., those exposures arising from sales and purchases by group companies in currencies 
other than that company’s functional currency.  These exposures give rise to net currency gains/losses recognised in the income statement 
and represent monetary assets and liabilities of the Group that were not denominated in the functional currency of the company involved. 

 
Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  67

Financial statements

23 Financial risk management continued 
At 31 December 2021 and 2020 the significant exposures in this respect were trade receivables and payables and were as follows: 

Currency 
US Dollar
Euro

2021
Receivables
£000

2021
Payables
£000

2020
Receivables
£000

2020 
Payables 
£000 

–
–

–

(21)
–

(21)

8
–

8

(118) 
(60) 

(178) 

In the opinion of the directors the business has no significant exposure to market risk arising from currency exchange or other price 
fluctuations at 31 December 2021 and it has therefore not been deemed necessary to include a sensitivity analysis. 

24 Lease expenses 

Short term lease expense
Low value lease expense

Group
2021
£000

37
4

41

2020
£000

36
6

42

Company 
2021
£000

17
–

17

2020 
£000 

7 
– 

7 

25 Capital commitments 
At 31 December 2021 the Group was committed to capital expenditure of £22,000 (2020: £73,000). The Company had no such commitments 
(2020: none). 

26 Contingent liabilities 
At 31 December 2021 the Company has guaranteed the contract performance of subsidiary companies in respect of customer contracts 
which have yet to be completed amounting to £7,328,000 (2020: £7,328,000). 

27 Related party transactions 
Transactions/ balances with subsidiaries – Company 
During the year the Company provided administrative services to subsidiary undertakings totalling £1,055,000 (2020: £1,148,000).  The balances 
due by subsidiaries at year end are shown in note 15 and comprised an amount owed by RTS Solutions (Holdings) Ltd of £200,000 (2020: £200,000). 

The balances due to subsidiaries at the year end shown in note 18 comprised amounts owed to Petards Joyce-Loebl Ltd of £355,000 (2020: 
owed to Petards Joyce-Loebl Ltd £466,000), QRO Solutions Ltd of £723,000 (2020: £653,000), Water Hall Group plc £979,000 (2020: £956,000) and 
to RTS Solutions (UK) Ltd £1,209,000 (2020: £1,115,000). 

There is no ultimate controlling party of Petards Group plc. 

Transactions with directors – Group 
Fees of £178,000 (2020: £182,000) were paid to Adcel Limited and Innu Limited, companies wholly controlled by P Negus, in respect of fees 
for the provision of consultancy services (note 4). 

68  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements) 

27 Related party transactions continued 
Key management compensation 
Key management compensation comprises salaries, fees, bonuses, employer pension contributions, share based payment charges and 
employer social security costs. 

The key management of the Group are the directors of Petards Group plc and their compensation is as follows: 

Salaries, fees and bonuses
Employer pension contributions
Share based payment charges
Employer social security costs

Group 

2020 
£000 

501 
1 
24 
37 

563 

2021
£000

566
1
25
46

638

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  69

Financial statements

Alternative performance measures glossary

This report provides alternative performance measures (“APMs”), which are not defined or specified under the requirements of International 
Financial Reporting Standards. The Board believes that these APMs provide management with useful performance measurement indicators 
and readers with important additional information on the business. 

Adjusted EBITDA 
Adjusted EBITDA is earnings before financial income and expenses, tax, depreciation, amortisation, exceptional items, acquisition costs and 
share based payment charges. Adjusted EBITDA is considered useful by the Board since by removing exceptional items, acquisition costs 
and share based payment charges, the year on year operational performance comparison is more comparable. 

Order intake 
The  value  of  contractual  orders  received  from  customers  during  any  period  for  the  delivery  of  performance  obligations. This  allows 
management to monitor the performance of the business.  

Order book 
The  value  of  contractual  orders  received  from  customers  yet  to  be  recognised  as  revenue. This  allows  management  to  monitor  the 
performance of the business and provides forward visibility of potential earnings. 

Net funds 
Total net funds comprises cash and cash equivalents less interest bearing loans and borrowings. This allows management to monitor the 
indebtedness of the Group.  

Current net funds 
Current net funds comprises cash and cash equivalents less current liabilities in respect of interest bearing loans and borrowings, excluding 
liabilities recognised on the adoption of IFRS 16 ‘Leases’. This allows management to monitor the short term indebtedness of the Group.

70  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

AGM and information    

Directors, officers and advisors

Directors: 
Raschid Abdullah (Chairman) 
Osman Abdullah 
Terry Connolly FCA 
Paul Negus 

Company Secretary: 
Ben Gillam CA 

Registered Office: 
32 London Road 
Guildford 
Surrey 
GU1 2AB 

Company Registration Number: 
02990100 

Independent Auditor: 
BDO LLP 
Arcadia House 
Maritime House 
Ocean Village 
Southampton 
SO14 3TL 

Bankers: 
Santander UK plc 
1 Dorset Street 
Southampton 
SO15 2DP 

Nominated Advisor & Joint Broker: 
WH Ireland Limited  
24 Martin Lane 
London 
EC4R 0DR 

Joint Broker: 
Hybridan LLP 
1 Poultry 
London 
EC2R 8EJ 

Registrar: 
Share Registrars Limited 
3 The Millenium Centre 
Crosby Way 
Farnham 
GU9 7XX 

Website: 
www.petards.com 

 
 
Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021  |  71

Financial statements

Notice of Annual General Meeting

Notice is hereby given that the 2022 Annual General Meeting of Petards Group plc (the “Company”) will be held at The County Club, 
158 High Street, Guildford, Surrey GU1 3HJ on 8 June 2022 at 11.00 a.m. 

The Meeting will deal with the following items: 

Ordinary Business 
1.        To receive and consider the audited accounts of the Company for the year ended 31 December 2021 together with the directors' 

report and the auditor’s report.  

2.        To re-elect Raschid Abdullah, who retires by rotation as a director of the Company in accordance with article 90.1 of the Company’s 

articles of association and offers himself for re-election. 

3.        To re-elect Terry Connolly, who retires as a non-executive director in accordance with article 90.2 of the Company’s articles of association 

and offers himself for re-election. 

4.        To re-appoint BDO LLP as auditor to hold office from the conclusion of the meeting until the conclusion of the next general meeting 

at which the accounts are laid before the Company.  

5.        Subject to resolution 4 being approved, to authorise the directors to fix the auditor’s remuneration. 

Special Business 
To consider and, if thought fit, pass the following resolutions of which resolution number 6 shall be passed as an ordinary resolution and 
resolution numbers 7 and 8 shall be passed as special resolutions: 

6.         That, in substitution for all existing authorities, to the extent unused, and pursuant to section 551 of the Companies Act 2006 (the 
“Act”) the directors of the Company be and they are hereby generally and unconditionally authorised to exercise all the powers of the 
Company to allot shares in the Company or to grant rights to subscribe for or convert any security into shares in the Company up to 
an aggregate nominal amount of £186,543 (being approximately 33% of the present issued ordinary share capital of the Company 
net of shares held in treasury) provided that this authority shall, unless renewed, varied or revoked, expire on the conclusion of the 
Annual General Meeting of the Company to be held in 2023, save that the directors be and they are hereby entitled, as contemplated 
by section 551(7) of the Act, to make at any time prior to the expiry of such authority any offer or agreement which would or might 
require shares to be allotted or rights to subscribe for or convert securities into shares to be granted after the expiry of such authority 
and the directors may allot shares or grant rights to subscribe for or convert securities into shares in pursuance of such an offer or 
agreement as if the authority conferred hereby had not expired. 

7.         That, subject to and conditional on resolution 5 above being duly passed, the directors of the Company be and they are hereby 
empowered pursuant to section 570 of the Act to allot equity securities (within the meaning of section 560 of the Act) in the capital 
of the Company for cash pursuant to the authority conferred by resolution 5 above as if section 561(1) of the Act did not apply to 
such allotment, provided that this power shall be limited to the allotment of equity securities: 

(A)      in connection with an offer of such securities by way of rights, or other pre-emptive offer, to holders of ordinary shares in 
proportion (as nearly as may be practicable) to their respective holdings of such shares, but subject to such exclusions or other 
arrangements as the directors may deem necessary or expedient in relation to fractional entitlements or any legal or practical 
problems under the laws of any relevant territory, or the requirements of any regulatory body or stock exchange; and 

(B)       otherwise than pursuant to (a) above up to a maximum aggregate nominal amount of £84,792 (being approximately 15% of 

the present issued ordinary share capital of the Company net of shares held in treasury): 

           provided that such power shall expire at the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting of the Company to be held in 2023, 
save that the Company may make an offer or agreement prior to such expiry which would or might require equity securities to 
be allotted after the expiry of such power, and the directors may allot equity securities in pursuance of that offer or agreement 
as if such power had not expired. 

8.         That the Company be and is hereby generally and unconditionally authorised for the purposes of section 701 of the Act to make one 
or more market purchases (within the meaning of section 693(4) of the 2006 Act) of ordinary shares of 1p each of the Company 
provided that: 

(A)      the maximum number of ordinary shares authorised to be purchased is 5,652,822 (representing 10 per cent of the Company's 

issued ordinary share capital net of shares held in treasury, as at 12 May 2022; 

72  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2021

AGM and information    

Notice of Annual General Meeting (continued)

(B)       the minimum price which may be paid for an ordinary share is 1 pence (exclusive of expenses); 

(C)      the maximum price (exclusive of expenses) which may be paid for an ordinary share is an amount equal to 5 per cent above the 
average of the middle market quotations for an ordinary share as derived from the London Stock Exchange for the 5 business 
days immediately preceding the date on which the ordinary share is contracted to be purchased; 

(D)      unless previously received, varied, or revoked, the authority hereby conferred shall expire at the conclusion of the Company's 

Annual General Meeting to be held in 2023; and 

(E)       the Company may make a contract to purchase ordinary shares under the authority hereby conferred prior to the expiry of such 
authority which will or may be executed wholly or partly after the expiry of such authority and may make a purchase of ordinary 
shares pursuant to any such contract. 

BY ORDER OF THE BOARD 

Ben Gillam 
Registered Office: 
Company Secretary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Parallel House 
32 London Road 
12 May 2022
Guildford 
Surrey 
GU1 2AB 

Company Number: 02990100 

Notes: 

1.       Pursuant to Part 13 of the Act and paragraph 18(c) of the Companies Act 2006 (Consequential Amendments) (Uncertificated Securities) Order 2009, only those members 
registered in the register of members of the Company at 11.00 a.m. on 6 June 2022 (or if the AGM is adjourned, 11.00 a.m. on the date falling two days before the date fixed for 
the adjourned AGM) shall be entitled to attend and vote at the AGM in respect of the number of shares registered in their name at that time. Any changes to the register of 
members after such time shall be disregarded in determining the rights of any person to attend or vote at the AGM.  

2.       Members who wish to attend the AGM in person should ensure that they arrive at the venue for the AGM in good time before the commencement of the meeting. Members 

may be asked to provide proof of identity in order to gain admission to the AGM. 

3.       A member who is entitled to attend, speak and vote at the AGM may appoint a proxy to attend, speak and vote instead of him. A member may appoint more than one proxy 
provided each proxy is appointed to exercise rights attached to different shares (so a member must have more than one share to be able to appoint more than one proxy). 
A proxy need not be a member of the Company but must attend the AGM in order to represent you. A proxy must vote in accordance with any instructions given by the 
member by whom the proxy is appointed. Appointing a proxy will not prevent a member from attending in person and voting at the AGM (although voting in person at the 
AGM will terminate the proxy appointment). 

4.       A form of proxy accompanies this document. The notes to the proxy form include instructions on how to appoint the Chairman of the AGM as a proxy, and should be followed 

carefully. 

5.       To be valid, a proxy form, and the original or duly certified copy of the power of attorney or other authority (if any) under which it is signed or authenticated, should reach the 
Company’s registrar, Share Registrars Limited, 3 The Millenium Centre, Crosby Way, Farnham, Surrey GU9 7XX, by no later than 11.00 a.m. on 6 June 2022. Alternatively, valid 
proxy forms may be electronically scanned and emailed to voting@shareregistrars.uk.com. With regards to proxy forms submitted by email, please state the name of the 
company and/or the name of individual in the subject line of the email. 

6.       If a member returns more than one proxy form, either by paper or electronic communication, the appointment received last by the Registrar before the latest time for the 

receipt of proxies will take precedence.  

7.       In the case of joint holders of shares, the vote of the first named in the register of members who tenders a vote shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of other joint 

holders.   

8.       A member that is a company or other organisation not having a physical presence cannot attend in person but can appoint someone to represent it. This can be done by the 

appointment of a proxy (described in Notes 3 to 7 above). 

9.       In order for a proxy appointment made by means of CREST to be valid, the appropriate CREST message (a “CREST Proxy Instruction”) must be properly authenticated in 
accordance with Euroclear UK & Ireland Limited’s specifications and must contain the information required for such instructions, as described in the CREST Manual.  The message 
must be transmitted so as to be received by Share Registrars (ID 7RA36) no later than 48 hours, excluding non-working days, before the time fixed for the AGM.  For this 
purpose, the time of receipt will be taken to be the time (as determined by the timestamp applied to the message by the CREST Applications Host) from which Share Registrars 
is able to retrieve the message by enquiry to CREST. After this time any change of instructions to proxies appointed through CREST should be communicated to the appointee 
through other means. Euroclear UK & Ireland Limited does not make available special procedures in CREST for any particular messages and normal system timings and limitations 
will apply in relation to the input of a CREST Proxy Instruction.  It is the responsibility of the CREST member concerned to take such action as shall be necessary to ensure that 
a message is transmitted by means of the CREST System by any particular time. The Company may treat as invalid a CREST Proxy Instruction in the circumstances set out in 
Regulation 35(5)(a) of the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001.  

Introduction

Petards’ operations continue to be focused upon the development, supply and maintenance of 
technologies used in advanced security, surveillance and ruggedized electronic applications, the 
main markets for which are: 

Rail – software driven video and other sensing systems for on-train applications sold under the 
eyeTrain brand to global train builders, integrators and rail operators, and web-based real-time 
safety critical integrated software applications supporting the UK rail network infrastructure sold 
under the RTS brand; 

Traffic –Automatic Number Plate Recognition (“ANPR”) systems for lane and speed enforcement 
and other applications, and UK Home Office approved mobile speed enforcement systems, sold 
under the QRO and ProVida brands to UK and overseas law enforcement agencies and commercial 
customers; and 

Defence  –  electronic  countermeasure  protection  systems,  mobile  radio  systems  and  related 
engineering services sold predominantly to the UK Ministry of Defence (“MOD”).

Contents 

Financial and operational highlights 

1
2 Chairman’s statement 
Strategic report 
4
12 Chairman’s corporate governance statement 
19 Directors’ remuneration report 
21 Directors’ report 
24 Statement of directors’ responsibilities in respect 
of the annual report and the financial statements 

25 Independent auditor’s report to the members of 

Petards Group plc 

31 Consolidated income statement 
32 Statements of changes in equity 
33 Balance sheets 
34 Statements of cash flows 
35 Notes 
69 Alternative performance measures glossary 
70 Directors, officers and advisors 
71 Notice of Annual General Meeting 

Perivan     263372

 
Annual report and financial statements 
31 December 2021

Petards Group plc 

Registered number 2990100

Petards
Group plc

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Petards
Group plc

Parallel House, 32 London Road, Guildford, GU1 2AB, United Kingdom 
Tel: +44 (0) 1483 230345 

www.petards.com