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Public Service Enterprise Group

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Annual report and financial statements 
31 December 2023

Petards Group plc 

Registered number 2990100

Petards
Group plc

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Petards
Group plc

Parallel House, 32 London Road, Guildford, GU1 2AB, United Kingdom 
Tel: +44 (0) 1483 230345 

www.petards.com 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Introduction

During 2023 Petards’ operations continued to be focused upon the development, supply and 
maintenance of technologies used in advanced security, surveillance and ruggedized electronic 
applications, the main markets for which are: 

Rail – software driven video and other sensing systems for on-train applications sold under the 
eyeTrain brand to global train builders, integrators and rail operators, and web-based real-time 
safety critical integrated software applications supporting the UK rail network infrastructure sold 
under the RTS brand; 

Traffic –Automatic Number Plate Recognition (“ANPR”) systems for lane and speed enforcement 
and other applications, and UK Home Office approved mobile speed enforcement systems, sold 
under the QRO and ProVida brands to UK and overseas law enforcement agencies and commercial 
customers; and 

Defence – engineering services relating to electronic countermeasure protection systems, threat 
simulation  systems,  mobile  radio  systems,  and  other  defence  related  equipment  sold 
predominantly to the UK Ministry of Defence (“MOD”).  

Contents 

23 Independent auditor’s report to the members of 

Financial and operational highlights 

1
2 Chairman’s statement 
Strategic report 
4
10 Chairman’s corporate governance statement 
17 Directors’ remuneration report 
19 Directors’ report 
22 Statement of directors’ responsibilities in respect 
of the annual report and the financial statements 

Petards Group plc 

31 Consolidated income statement 
32 Statements of changes in equity 
33 Balance sheets 
34 Statements of cash flows 
35 Notes 
69 Alternative performance measures glossary 
70 Directors, officers and advisors 
71 Notice of Annual General Meeting 

Perivan.com 
267856

 
 
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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  1

Overview

Financial and operational highlights 

Revenue  

Adjusted EBITDA* 

Net funds/(debt) 

15.7

13.0

10.9

10.9

9.4

1.5

1.2

0.3

0.3

(0.3)

1.7

1.5

1.2

0.5

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

(0.5)
2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

Revenue

Adjusted EBITDA*

Operating (loss)/profit

(Loss)/Profit before taxation

(Loss)/Profit after taxation

Net cash from operating activities

Net funds (cash less debt)

Current net funds*

Net assets

* See Alternative Performance Measures Glossary on page 69. 

2023
£000

9,424

340

(1,185)

(1,198)

(1,050)

4

509

1,241

7,197

2022 
£000 

10,872 

1,161 

225 

178 

524 

583 

1,677 

1,891 

8,247 

 
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2  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Chairman’s statement 

Introduction 

I am pleased to report that following a difficult first half year, as was anticipated, trading in the second six months of 2023 showed a marked 
improvement. Having recorded a small adjusted EBITDA loss of £0.06 million in its 2023 unaudited interim results, the Group returned adjusted 
EBITDA profits in the second half year of £0.40 million on higher revenues of £5.02 million at 53% gross profit margin. 

Revenues for the full year ended 31 December 2023 were £9.42 million (2022: £10.87 million), with gross profit margin of 50% (2022: 51%) 
and an adjusted EBITDA of £0.34 million (2022: £1.16 million). Margins were a little higher than expected as a result of the focus on service 
and engineering support, spares and repairs. 

The board is pleased to announce progress on its acquisition strategy and is presently in advanced stages of finalising a potential strategic 
acquisition that is very close to completion.  We have been seeking targets that will both significantly increase the Group’s scale and revenues, 
while complementing the Group’s present operations.  Provided it is taken to a successful conclusion, the Board considers that this acquisition 
will achieve all of those aims.  As well as being complementary to the Group’s existing activities within Defence, Traffic and Rail, it will broaden 
its reach into new sectors, including those of Energy, Aviation and Buses.  It is expected that the consideration will comprise cash and the 
issue of a small number of Petards ordinary shares to the vendors. 

The nature of this transaction changed substantially during the course of negotiations, it having initially been deemed to be a reverse take-
over under AIM Rules, which resulted in significant professional costs being incurred. Under IFRS, the element incurred during 2023, has been 
expensed in the year as exceptional acquisition costs of £0.58 million. Pre-exceptional costs, the Group recorded a loss after tax for the year 
of £0.39 million (2022: £0.52 million profit). After exceptional costs the loss after tax was £1.05 million. 

Net cash generated from operating activities before exceptional acquisition costs was £0.58 million (2022: £0.58 million). Frustratingly this 
cash generation would have improved to £0.86 million had a customer’s payment of £0.26 million been received on its due date, rather than 
on 2 January 2024. 

After cash flows relating to the exceptional acquisition costs, investment and financing activities, net cash at 31 December 2023 closed at 
£1.24 million (31 December 2022: £2.02 million) with no bank debt. The £0.58 million acquisition costs and the later customer receipt of 
£0.26 million were the main reasons for the year-on-year reduction in net cash. 

The Group retains a strong balance sheet with net assets at 31 December 2023 of £7.20 million (31 December 2022: £8.25 million). 

At a trading level, Traffic had another very strong year, albeit down on its record performance in 2022 and has started 2024 strongly which 
has included first, but significant, orders for QRO’s new Harrier AI camera. Present indications are that QRO is set for another good performance 
in 2024. 

Rail markets remained challenging, in response to which during the last quarter of 2023 management implemented further reductions in 
operating costs at a one-off cost of £0.08 million. Together with other actions taken these are expected to deliver annual savings in excess 
of £0.4 million. 

As has been widely reported, new train orders for the UK rail network have been in abeyance since 2019 which has had a significant impact 
on Petards eyeTrain business. Hence, while not having a direct benefit for Petards, Department for Transport’s (DfT) announcement in April 
of its intention to place an order on Alstom for some additional trains is welcome and the industry expects more significant orders to be 
placed by DfT in 2025 and 2026. While these are more positive signs for the UK rail industry, sales cycles continue to be elongated. In response, 
Petards is now structured on the basis that, while during 2024 it anticipates receiving orders for smaller add-ons and for enhanced functionality 
of customers’ existing systems, the market for larger orders is unlikely to be forthcoming until next year. 

At the interim stage I reported that the Defence business had weakened as the MOD’s focus and budget has been on supporting Ukraine in 
its war with Russia rather than on the types of defence services provided by Petards. Since then, there have been encouraging signs that this 
may be changing with the UK Government’s recent commitment to higher overall defence spending to counter the increasing threats being 
seen globally.  

In addition, this April saw the completion of the latest of eight Challenger 3 prototypes being built by Rheinmetall BAE Systems Land (RBSL) 
for the British Army that incorporate Petards built Vehicle Integrated Control System (VICS) engine management systems. RBSL are contracted 
to upgrade one hundred and forty eight Challenger 2 vehicles to Challenger 3’s that are expected to remain in service until at least 2040. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  3

Overview

As VICS systems have been in operational service on Challenger 2, we believe Petards is well placed to provide new systems and support 
during the development, production and support phases of the project.  

Environmental Social Governance (ESG)  

The Board seeks to implement ESG ideals and objectives in a manner which is appropriate to its size and scale and to highlight in the 
Chairman’s corporate governance statement any areas where it is not fully compliant and the reasons why.  

As Petards grows, the Board will continue to assess and adapt its approach and, where appropriate, make changes in a proportionate and 
commercial manner. 

Personnel 

Petards and its future success very much depends on the quality, skills, experience, and dedication of its people. 

On behalf of the Board, I would like to thank all staff and directors, past and present, for their contribution, diligence and support throughout 
the year.  

The Board 

During the year we welcomed two new independent non-executive directors to the Board and saw the retirement of another.  

Earlier in the year the Board was informed by Terry Connolly of his intention to retire as a non-executive director on 31 December 2023. Terry, 
who had been appointed to the Board in 2007, has been a valued member of the Board providing impartial advice as the senior independent 
director, as well as serving as chairman of the audit and remuneration committees. We thank him for his sound counsel and wish him a long 
and happy retirement. 

In February 2023, we welcomed John Wakefield who was appointed to the Board as an independent non-executive director and chairman 
of the nominations committee. John is an experienced quoted company director and corporate adviser, having qualified as a solicitor with 
McKenna & Co (now CMS), before a long career in corporate finance at Williams de Broe, Rowan Dartington & Co. and latterly WH Ireland. 
Following Terry’s retirement John was appointed as senior independent non-executive director and chairman of the remuneration committee. 

We were also pleased to announce the appointment of Geraint Davies FCA as an independent non-executive director in November. Until 
shortly before his appointment Geraint had been an audit partner at EY, having held senior leadership roles in its practices in the UK, Channel 
Islands, and Europe. He has a long history of providing corporate and M&A counsel to growth companies and their Boards and has succeeded 
Terry as chairman of the audit committee. 

Acquisitions 

The Board believes that the successful completion of the strategic potential acquisition referred to above will lead to the Group entering an 
exciting new phase in its development. The Board is confident that by continuing to follow its strategy of improved operational performance 
and selective acquisitions, it is well placed to develop the Group in 2024 and beyond. 

Outlook 

Group trading was slightly ahead of budget for the first quarter but the second quarter has so far shown some signs of weakness relating to 
delays in respect of some orders anticipated to be received and delivered in the period. The current expectation is that most, if not all, of 
these orders will be received during the course of the year, revenues from which will be determined by the timing of order receipt. 

The board believes that the actions it has put in place and its continued focus on costs and gross profit margin performance should help to 
mitigate the impact on the adjusted EBITDA for the year. 

Raschid Abdullah  
Chairman 

12 June 2024 

 
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4  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Strategic report 

Business review

During 2023 Petards’ operations continued to be focused upon the development, supply and maintenance of technologies used in advanced 
security, surveillance and ruggedised electronic applications, the main markets for which are: 

l Rail – software driven video and other sensing systems for on-train applications sold under the eyeTrain brand to global train builders, 
integrators and rail operators; and web-based real-time safety critical integrated software applications supporting the UK rail network 
infrastructure sold under the RTS brand; 

l Traffic – Automatic Number Plate Recognition (“ANPR”) systems for lane and speed enforcement and other applications; and UK Home 
Office approved mobile speed enforcement systems, sold under the QRO and ProVida brands to UK and overseas law enforcement 
agencies and commercial customers; and 

l Defence – engineering services relating to electronic countermeasure protection systems, threat simulation systems, mobile radio systems; 

and other defence related equipment sold predominantly to the UK Ministry of Defence (“MOD”). 

Our objective is to develop and grow our businesses on a sustainable basis through increasing profitability and free cash flow predominantly 
for re-investment throughout the Group and through the fair treatment, ingenuity and efforts of our primary asset, our people, working 
ethically and in close partnership with our customers, suppliers and stakeholders with the objective of delivering above average returns for 
our investors. 

Operating review 
Following a difficult first half of the year where the Rail business in particular found trading conditions challenging, the second half saw 
improved performance for the Group.  

Full year revenue was £9,424,000 (2022: £10,872,000). Revenue for the second half of the year was £5,021,000 (H1 2023: £4,403,000) driven by 
a strong performance from licencing, maintenance, spares, repairs and engineering support activities within Rail, which grew 35% year on 
year. These largely recurring revenue streams helped generate an improved gross margin of 53% for the Group in H2 (H1 2023: 47%), giving 
an overall gross margin for the year of 50% (2022: 51%).  

Postponements concerning the transfer of contracts to Great British Railways impacted the wider UK rail market resulting in “maintain and 
operate” contracts being let by the Department for Transport throughout the year. This affected both the acquisition of new clients and 
orders for eyeTrain systems. The UK rail market accounts for a significant proportion of the Group’s activities and while market conditions 
remain difficult, we believe Petards Rail has positioned itself with a more competitive offering without sacrificing the quality of products, 
services or customer support and is well positioned for growth once the new contracts are in place.  

Elsewhere in Rail, these challenging market conditions restricted RTS in its ambitions to grow its customer base for its software solutions 
such as Ops Suite and Asset Management Services. During the year RTS successfully secured the renewal of all its existing software licence 
and maintenance contracts that came up for renewal in the period. It also progressed the development of its mobile solution for its existing 
software offering which is currently being trialled. 

Our Defence activities contributed slightly lower revenues than the prior year, though still made a very good contribution to the overall 
Group’s results. As part of the wider IT environment improvement project within the business, all IP drawings have been digitised during the 
year providing faster retrieval and easier access to data. The Group has a long history as a supplier to the MOD, DE&S and UK prime defence 
contractors and it continued to operate as a provider of specialist engineering services and value-added reseller to those customers.  

In the final quarter of 2023, a reorganisation programme was undertaken at its Rail businesses affecting certain management and back office 
roles which will see overhead savings of over £0.4 million realised in 2024.  An exceptional cost of £77,000 was recognised in the year in 
respect of this programme.  

Within our Rail and Defence business, investment in a new ERP system and network infrastructure went live during the year.  The system 
brings productivity efficiencies through automation and enhanced data security and backup.   

QRO again delivered strong results for the year though revenue was slightly down on the previous year. The QRO brand continues to increase 
market share and has become one of the UK’s leading suppliers of ANPR solutions.

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  5

 Strategic report  

The Harrier AI ANPR camera was launched at the national ANPR conference in November 2023. It is designed and built by QRO in the UK and 
delivers real-time analytics ANPR software-enabled data processing. It is powered by machine learning algorithms, making it adaptive and 
responsive to ever-changing road conditions. The camera has already received significant orders for the current year and it is expected that 
the Harrier camera will help drive QRO’s growth in 2024. 

Financial review 
Operating performance 

Group revenues were lower at £9,424,000 (2022: £10,872,000), largely because of the continued delays in order placement for new-build and 
refurbishment train programmes experienced in the transitioning to the new organisational structure and operating model of the UK’s 
railways referred to above.  

Gross profit margin remained strong at 50% (2022: 51%) driven by the higher levels of recurring licencing, maintenance, and support revenues 
across all of the Group’s activities.  

Overheads before exceptional costs of £656,000 (2022: £nil) were £5,284,000 (2022: £5,232,000).  Reorganisation costs of £77,000 (2022: £nil) 
were incurred in late 2023 to better align the cost base with the lower revenue levels being experienced.  Savings relating to these costs will 
be realised in 2024. 

Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation, exceptional items, acquisition costs and share based payment charges (“adjusted 
EBITDA”), reduced from £1,161,000 in 2022 to £340,000 in 2023. 

Net financial expenses reduced to £13,000 (2022: £47,000) due to reduced interest cost on lease liabilities and lower interest on the Group’s 
CBILs term loan as that loan was repaid in full during the year.  

The tax credit of £148,000 (2022: £346,000 credit) comprised net credits of £184,000 in respect of prior years and a net charge of £36,000 in 
respect of the current year. The £184,000 prior year credit largely arose from SME R&D reliefs relating to 2022 that were claimed and recognised 
in 2023. Claims for 2023 R&D activities will be made and recognised in 2024.  

The overall result for the Group for the year was a loss after tax of £1,050,000 (2022: profit of £524,000) and represented a diluted loss per 
share of 1.86p (2022: profit per share 0.91p). 

Research and development 

The Group continued to invest in its internally developed software and hardware solutions. That investment totalled £373,000 in 2023 
amounting to 4.0% of revenues (2022: £247,000), of which £349,000 was capitalised (2022: £164,000). The capitalised development costs 
related to the new Harrier AI camera in our traffic business and the ongoing development of the Group’s rail products.  

Cash, cash flow and net debt 

The Group recorded a cash generative operating performance with net cash inflows from operating activities before exceptional costs 
totalling £660,000 (2022: £583,000).  

Capitalised development expenditure and IT expenditure accounted for the majority of the £485,000 net cash outflows from investing 
activities (2022: £298,000). The net financing outflows of £294,000 (2022: £546,000) related to repayments of the term loan and the principal 
repaid on lease liabilities. 

At 31 December 2023 the Group’s cash and cash equivalents were £1,241,000 (2022: £2,016,000). During the year the lease at the main 
operating site expired and a new lease has been put in place which has given rise to the increase in the IFRS 16 lease liabilities. Consequently, 
net funds at 31 December 2023 were £509,000 (2022: £1,677,000) after deducting IFRS 16 lease liabilities of £732,000 (2022: £214,000). 

Post year end the Group has entered into a new £2.5 million overdraft facility that may be utilised for the Group’s working capital purposes, 
and any other purpose which its bankers may approve, on an “evergreen” basis. The Groups previous 3-year £2.5 million overdraft facility was 
undrawn during 2023.

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6  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Strategic report (continued) 

Our businesses, business model and strategy

Petards Group plc was listed on AIM in 1997 and during 2023 the Group continued to supply advanced security and surveillance systems to 
three markets: 

Rail – Software driven on-Board digital video and sensor systems for fitment to new build or retrofitted to existing rolling stock. Applications 
include Driver Controlled Operation (DCO), Automatic Selective Door Opening (ASDO), condition monitoring, saloon car CCTV, drivers view 
cameras and automatic passenger counting systems, as well as software solutions and services that support the UK rail network including 
incident and fault management, work site management, resource management, machine plant and asset/inventory management. 

Traffic – ANPR systems for lane and speed enforcement and other applications, and UK Home Office approved mobile speed enforcement 
systems, sold under the QRO and ProVida brands to UK and overseas law enforcement agencies and commercial customers. 

Defence – Engineering services relating to electronic defensive countermeasure systems for rotary and fixed wing aircraft, threat simulation 
systems, mobile radio systems, and other defence related equipment predominantly for the UK Ministry of Defence. 

The Group’s customer base mainly comprises international ‘blue chip’ and government agencies and their strength, often global, gives rise 
to the opportunity to develop Petards’ business through the provision of good quality professional service in support of its existing and future 
product ranges. 

The Group develops its own products and services for sale to the Rail and Traffic markets whereas within the Defence market, in which it has 
a heritage of over 70 years, it is primarily a specialist “value added” re-seller and supplier of related engineering services. 

The Board believes that the Group operates in growth areas and that it has the products and services plus available technical and technological 
skills to develop new products as well as the sales and marketing abilities to become a larger and more successful operator in each of the 
sectors in which it operates. 

The Group’s overriding objective is to achieve attractive and sustainable rates of growth and returns for shareholders and its strategy to 
achieve this objective is: 
l to focus upon the Group’s core products and services which are used in the rail, defence and traffic industries; 
l to continue to invest in developing technologies to enhance its product portfolio; 
l to increase revenues both organically by exploiting the synergies within the Group and by acquisition; 
l to expand revenues globally into the Group’s target markets; and 
l to improve operating margins through cost management. 

Key performance indicators  

The Group uses a number of key performance indicators (KPI’s) to monitor its progress against its objectives. These KPI’s, have been identified 
as measures that key stakeholders find useful, and which have a focus on those that provide a measure of business growth, cash generation, 
total indebtedness and that requiring servicing within one year and comparability with similar businesses. 

In addition to on time delivery and quality standards, the main KPI’s, which have been reported on in the Financial Review, are: 

Revenue

Adjusted EBITDA1

Net cash from operating activities

Net funds2

Current net funds3

2023
£000

9,424

340

4

509

1,241

2022 
£000 

10,872 

1,161 

583 

1,677 

1,891 

1  Adjusted EBITDA comprises operating (loss)/profit adjusted to remove the impact of depreciation, amortisation, exceptional items, acquisition costs and share based payments. 
A reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating profit/(loss) is included on the face of the consolidated income statement. An Adjusted EBITDA KPI is considered useful to the 
Board since by removing exceptional items, acquisition costs and share based payments, the year-on-year operational performance comparison is more transparent. 

2  Net funds comprises cash and cash equivalents (note 16) less interest bearing loans and borrowings (note 17).  

3  Current net funds comprises cash and cash equivalents (note 16) less current liabilities in respect of interest bearing loans and borrowings, (note 17) excluding liabilities arising 

on the adoption of IFRS 16 ‘Leases’. 

See Alternative Performance Measures Glossary on page 69 for a full list of Alternative Performance Measures.

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  7

 Strategic report  

Principal risks and uncertainties 

The management of the business and the execution of the Group’s strategy is subject to a number of risks. The main business risks affecting 
the Group are outlined below: 

The Group may face increased competition – the Group may face greater competition including that from competitors with greater capital 
resources than those of the Group. 

The Group may need future access to capital – the Group’s capital requirements depend on numerous factors. In order to make future acquisitions 
and to fund growth, the Group may require further financing. This may not be able to take place if financing is not available. 

The financial results of the Group can be materially affected by the timing of large contracts – the Group’s revenue is generated from a mix of 
longer and shorter lead time orders. The timing of order placement and delivery of the larger orders is inherently difficult to predict potentially 
causing material fluctuations in actual results compared with expectations or plans. 

Government expenditure – many of the industries that utilise the Group’s products receive funding from central and local governments. The 
levels of funding for those industries may impact on demand for the Group’s products. The Group has sought to mitigate this potential 
exposure by increasing its customer base and by supplying a range of products and services. 

Dependence on key personnel – the Group’s performance depends to a significant extent upon a limited number of key employees. The loss 
of one or more of these key employees and the inability to recruit people with the appropriate experience and skills could have a material 
adverse effect on the Group. The Group has endeavoured to ensure that these key employees are incentivised, but their retention cannot be 
guaranteed. 

Technological changes – the Group’s product offerings may be under threat should technologies be developed by competitors that render 
those products either redundant or uncompetitive. This could potentially result in a reduction in revenues generated by the products affected. 
The Group also incurs expenditure in developing new products and services. Should such development projects not be successfully 
completed or result in offerings that are not attractive to customers, the costs incurred may not be fully recoverable. 

Further details regarding the key accounting estimates and judgements are included in note 1. 

  
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8  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Strategic report (continued) 
Directors’ statement under Section 172 (1) of the  
Companies Act 2006 

This section serves as our section 172 statement and should be read in conjunction with the rest of the Strategic Report set out on pages 4 to 7 
(inclusive).  

The Board is collectively responsible for the decisions made towards the long-term success of the Company and the directors are fully aware 
of their duty to promote the success of the Company in accordance with section 172 of the Companies Act 2006. Section 172 requires 
directors to take into consideration the interests of various stakeholders in their decision making, have regard, amongst other things, to: 

l the likely consequences of any decision in the long term; 

l the interests of the Company’s employees; 

l the need to foster the Company’s business relationship with suppliers, customers and others; 

l the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and environment; 

l the desirability of the Company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct; and 

l the need to act fairly as between members of the Company. 

Employees 
Petards’ employees are one of the primary assets of its business and the Board recognises that the Group’s employees are the key resource 
which enables delivery of the Company’s vision and goals. Pay reviews are carried out to determine whether all levels of employees are 
benefitted equally and to retain and encourage skills vital for the business. Employee interests and welfare continued to be at the forefront 
of directors’ minds during 2023.  

Suppliers, customers and regulatory authorities 
The Board acknowledges that a strong business relationship with suppliers and customers is a vital part of the Group’s growth prospects. 
Whilst day to day business operations considering suppliers and customers are delegated to local executive management, the Board sets 
directions and evaluates policies with regard to new business ventures and investing in research and development. The Board upholds ethical 
business behaviour and encourages management to seek comparable business practices from all suppliers and customers doing business 
with the Company. We value the feedback we receive from our stakeholders and we take every opportunity to ensure that where possible, 
their wishes are duly considered. 

Community and environment 
The Board seeks to uphold high standards of care towards the community and environment and is conscious of the fact that the nature of 
the Company’s business may require measures to help protect the environment. The Group has various recycling and waste reduction 
programmes and when developing new electronic products seeks to reduce their power consumption. A cycle to work scheme is operated 
in the Group’s largest site and all sites monitor energy and water usage monthly targeting reductions. Community engagement included 
the support of apprenticeships and the recruitment of appropriately skilled staff from within the communities in which the Group’s operations 
are based.  

Maintaining high standards of business conduct 
The Company is incorporated in the UK and governed by the Companies Act 2006. The Company has adopted the Quoted Companies 
Alliance Corporate Governance Code 2018 (the ‘QCA Code’) and the Board recognises the importance of maintaining a high level of corporate 
governance, which together with the requirements to comply with the AIM Rules ensures that the interests of the Company’s stakeholders 
are safeguarded. The Company’s expectation of honest, fair and professional behaviour is reflected by this and there is zero tolerance for 
bribery and unethical behaviour by anyone relating to the Company. The importance of making all staff feel safe in their environment is 
maintained and policies are in place to enable staff to confidentially raise concerns freely and to discuss any issues that arise. The board 
continue to review of the Group’s control environment on an annual basis and continue to be satisfied that strong financial controls are in 
place, and these are documented in the Group Controls Framework. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  9

 Strategic report  

Shareholders 
The Board places equal importance on all shareholders and recognises the significance of transparent and effective communications with 
its investors. As an AIM listed company there is a need to provide fair and balanced information in a way that is understandable to all 
stakeholders and particularly our shareholders. The primary communication tool with our shareholders is through the Regulatory News 
Service, (“RNS”) on regulatory matters and matters of material substance. The Company’s website provides details of the business, details of 
the Board and Board Committees, changes to major shareholder information, QCA Code disclosure and updates under AIM Rule 26. Changes 
are promptly published on the website to enable the shareholders to be kept abreast of Company’s affairs. The Company’s Annual Report 
and Notice of Annual General Meetings (AGM) are available to all shareholders. The Interim Report and other investor presentations are also 
available for at least the last six years and can be downloaded from our website. The Board acknowledges that encouraging effective two-
way communication with shareholders encourages mutual understanding and better connection with them. The benefits include improved 
information on the business and its performance, appropriate consideration of all shareholders views, as well as instilling trust and confidence 
to allow informed investment decisions to be made. 

Strategic activity during the year 
In the year to 31 December 2023 the main strategic activities of the Board were: 

Significant events/decisions        Key Section 172 matters affected                     Actions and impact

Launch of the new Harrier AI camera 
within the QRO business

Shareholders and customers

Continued to consider appropriate 
opportunities to grow the existing 
business by acquisition or by joint 
ventures

Realignment  of  cost  base  in  line 
with the changing nature of the UK 
rail market.

Shareholders and employees

Shareholders and employees

Increased  focus  on  the  recurring 
service  revenues  within  the  Rail 
business

Shareholders, and customers

Signed on behalf of the Board 

Osman Abdullah
Group Chief Executive

The  Harrier  AI  camera  was  launched  in  December  2023  and  is 
designed and built by QRO in the UK. It delivers real-time analytics 
ANPR  software-enabled  data  processing  and  is  powered  by 
machine learning algorithms, making it adaptive and responsive 
to ever-changing road conditions. 

Shareholder value expected to increase. 

Improved customer service.

The Group reviewed many such acquisition opportunities in the 
year and at the date of approval of these financial statements one 
is at the very advanced stages of finalisation.

The realignment of the cost base has been structured to ensure 
the retention of the Group’s core skills base and remaining capable 
of taking advantage of new contract aware opportunities as they 
arise.  

Shareholder value expected to increase.

Strategic decision to actively grow the repairs and service revenue 
streams within the Rail business. The service business provides 
strong margins and stability of earnings due to the recurring nature 
of the revenue.  

Shareholder value expected to increase. 

Improved customer service.

Parallel House 
32 London Road 
Guildford 
Surrey 
GU1 2AB 

12 June 2024

 
    
   
 
    
   
 
    
   
 
    
   
 
  
 
267856 Petards pp10-pp22.qxp  17/06/2024  17:43  Page 10

10  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Chairman’s corporate governance statement 

The Board is collectively responsible for Corporate Governance and I, as Chairman of the Board, am ultimately responsible for ensuring that 
a high level of Corporate Governance is embedded in the Company’s culture.  

As a company whose shares are traded on the Alternative Investment Market (‘AIM’) of the London Stock Exchange, Petards Group plc 
recognises its responsibility for the proper management of the Company and the importance of sound corporate governance, commensurate 
with the size and nature of the Company and the interests of its shareholders. In accordance with AIM Rule 26, which requires AIM companies 
to comply with a recognised code of Corporate Governance, the Board believes that the Quoted Companies Alliance Corporate Governance 
Code 2018 (the “QCA Code”) provides a suitable framework by which it is able to continue to commit to maintaining high standards of 
corporate  governance.  Accordingly,  the  Company  complies  with  the  10  principles  of  the  QCA  Code  where  considered  relevant  and 
appropriate, having regard to the size, current stage of development and resources of the Company. 

The QCA Code is applied by the Company primarily through its Board process, which includes regular meetings covering financial as well as 
non-financial matters which affect not only the Company’s shareholders but other significant stakeholders, including employees. The Board 
process and corporate governance is enhanced by the establishment of Audit, Remuneration and Nominations Committees. 

The Board believes that, having regard to the size of the Group, its stage of development and the resources it has available, its governance 
structures and practices are in compliance with the expectations of the QCA Code. 

Set out below are the 10 principles of the QCA Code, together with a summary under each heading explaining how the Company has applied 
these. In fulfilling their responsibilities, the directors believe that they govern the Company in the best interests of its shareholders, whilst 
having due regard to the interests of other stakeholders in the Group including, in particular, customers, employees and creditors. 

1.   Establish a strategy and business model which promotes long-term value for shareholders 
Application 

The Board must be able to express a shared view of the Company’s purpose, business model and strategy. It should go beyond the simple 
description of products and corporate structures and set out how the Company intends to deliver shareholder value in the medium to long-
term. It should demonstrate that the delivery of long-term growth is underpinned by a clear set of values aimed at protecting the Company 
from unnecessary risk and securing its long-term future. 

Compliance 

The Company's vision is to invest in and develop its business to deliver long-term, sustainable growth in shareholder value. This may come 
from organic growth, acquisitions or divestments. 

The strategy for achieving this focuses on maintaining acceptable gross profit margins, underpinned with sensible cost and cash management, 
having regard to perceived risks within the industry market and sector parameters, as well as the macro-economic environment. 

The Chairman’s Statement and Strategic Report include detailed analysis of the Group’s strategy, financial performance, principal risks and 
uncertainties and future expectations. 

2.   Seek to understand and meet shareholder needs and expectations 
Application 

Directors must develop a good understanding of the needs and expectations of all elements of the Company’s shareholder base. The Board 
must manage shareholders’ expectations and should seek to understand the motivations behind shareholder voting decisions. 

Compliance 

The Board recognises and understands that it has a fiduciary responsibility to the shareholders. The Board is aware of the need to protect the 
interests of minority shareholders and balancing these interests with those of any more substantial shareholders. The Chairman is responsible 
for ongoing dialogue and relationships with shareholders supported by the other directors. As such, members of the Board meet with the 
Company’s larger shareholders during the course of the year. The Annual General Meeting is always an opportunity for the Board  to 
communicate with shareholders and the Board welcomes the attendance and participation of all shareholders. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  11

Corporate governance  

This communication allows the Board to understand the shareholders’ views, and to ensure that the strategies and objectives of the Group 
are aligned with shareholders. In its decision-making, the Board will have regard to the ascertained expectations and needs of its shareholders 
(as appropriate in accordance with its statutory and fiduciary duties). 

The Group’s website (www.petards.com) allows shareholders access to information including; contact details, major shareholders and external 
advisors. In addition, all announcements issued since 2014 via RNS are available, together with an archive of recent financial reports and 
accounts and interim statements. 

The resolutions to be put to a vote at each AGM can be found at the back of the relevant Annual Financial Report and the Financial Reports 
and Circulars section of the Company's website for any forthcoming AGM. Past AGM resolutions can be found at the back of each Annual 
Financial Report with the results now published in the RNS section. 

3.   Take into account wider stakeholder and social responsibilities and their implications for long-term 

success 

Application 

Long-term success relies upon good relations with a range of different stakeholder groups both internal (workforce) and external (suppliers, 
customers, regulators, and others). The Board needs to identify the Company’s stakeholders and understand their needs, interests, and 
expectations. 

Where matters that relate to the Company’s impact on society, the communities within which it operates or the environment have the 
potential to affect the Company’s ability to deliver shareholder value over the medium to long-term, then those matters must be integrated 
into the Company’s strategy and business model.  

Feedback is an essential part of all control mechanisms. Systems need to be in place to solicit, consider and act on feedback from all 
stakeholder groups. 

Compliance 

The Group’s responsibilities to stakeholders including staff, suppliers and customers and the wider society are also recognised as important 
to the delivery of the Company’s business objectives.  

The Company is committed to a series of Corporate Social Responsibility principles that provide a reference point for all stakeholders on the 
elements that define the conduct of the Company’s business and relationships in the geographical markets in which it operates. 

These principles are subject to periodic review and cover the following areas; ethics and business conduct, employees (including our supply 
chain), health and safety, environment and community. 

The environmental impact of the Group’s activities is carefully considered, and the maintenance of high environmental standards is a priority. 
The Group is committed to reducing that impact as far as reasonably possible through full regulatory compliance, recycling programmes 
and other initiatives. 

The Board has regard to the feedback of relevant stakeholders in its decision-making and the formulation of strategy. 

4.   Embed effective risk management, considering both opportunities and threats, throughout the 

organisation 

Application 

The Board needs to ensure that the Company’s risk management framework identifies and addresses all relevant risks in order to execute 
and deliver strategy; companies need to consider their extended business, including their supply chains, from key suppliers to end-customer. 

Setting strategy includes determining the extent of exposure to the identified risks that the Company is able to bear and willing to take (risk 
tolerance and risk appetite). 

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12  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Chairman’s corporate governance statement (continued) 

Compliance 

The Board has established Audit and Remuneration Committees full details of which are contained in principle 9, below. 

The Company also receives feedback from its external auditors on the effectiveness of its internal control structure. 

The Audit Committee believes that there should be no internal audit function for the Group at this time considering the size of the Group 
and the close involvement of senior management over the Group’s accounting systems. However, the Committee will keep this matter under 
review in the event that circumstances warrant an internal function in the future. 

In addition to the activities of the Board’s sub-committees, the Board approves the annual budget each year. This process allows the Board 
to identify key performance targets and risks expected during the upcoming year. The Board also considers the agreed budget when reviewing 
trading  updates  and  considering  expenditures  throughout  the  year.  Progress  is  monitored  via  monthly  reporting  of  actual  financial 
performance against budget. Where appropriate, forecasts are prepared to further appraise any risks arising during the year. 

The Group has clear authority limits deriving from the list of matters reserved for decision by the Board, including capital expenditure approval 
procedures. 

The Board regularly reviews and monitors Key Performance Indicators, including those related to banking covenants. 

The Board plans to develop a risk register to assist in addressing and monitoring the risks critical to executing and delivering its strategy. 

5.   Maintain the Board as a well-functioning, balanced team led by the Chair 
Application 

The Board members have a collective responsibility and legal obligation to promote the interests of the Company and are collectively 
responsible for defining corporate governance arrangements. Ultimate responsibility for the quality of, and approach to, corporate governance 
lies with the Chair of the Board. 

The Board (and any committees) should be provided with high quality information in a timely manner to facilitate proper assessment of the 
matters requiring a decision or insight. 

The Board should have an appropriate balance between executive and non-executive directors and should have at least two independent 
non-executive directors. Independence is a Board judgement and takes into account length of time directors have been involved with the 
Company and any interests in shares held. 

The Board should be supported by committees (e.g. audit, remuneration, nomination) that have the necessary skills and knowledge to 
discharge their duties and responsibilities effectively. 

Directors must commit the time necessary to fulfil their roles. 

Compliance 

The principal risks faced by the Group are addressed by the appointment of an experienced executive Board supported by experienced 
independent non-executive directors and a team of appropriately qualified professional advisers.  

The executive directors are closely involved in the day to day operations of the Group and report to the Board in detail, typically on a monthly 
basis. Their reports include the status and trends of agreed Key Performance Indicators that are noted in the Group's Annual Financial Report 
in the Strategic Report and Financial and Operational Highlights. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  13

Corporate governance  

Fourteen main Board meetings were held during 2023. The Board records attendance at all Board meetings and the table below shows 
attendance by each director. 

Raschid Abdullah
Osman Abdullah
Paul Negus
Terry Connolly
John Wakefield
Geraint Davies

14/14 
13/14 
13/14 
11/14 
11/12 
2/2 

The Board considers itself sufficiently independent. The QCA Code suggests that a board should have at least two independent non-executive 
directors. The Board have considered each non-executive directors’ length of service and interests in the share capital of the Group and 
consider that Mr Wakefield and Mr Davies are independent of the executive management and free from any undue extraneous influences 
which might otherwise affect their judgement. All board members are fully aware of their fiduciary duty under company law and consequently 
seek at all times to act in the best interests of the Company as a whole. 

The  role  of  the  independent  non-executive  directors  is  to  bring  independent  judgement  to  Board  deliberations  and  decisions. The 
independent non-executive directors have no personal financial interest, other than as shareholders, in the matters to be decided. Whilst 
the Company is guided by the provisions of the QCA Code in respect of the independence of directors, it gives regard to the overall 
effectiveness and independence of the contribution made by directors to the Board in considering their independence and does not consider 
a director’s period of service in isolation to determine this independence.  

The  Board  has  sub-committees  appointed  to  review  the  specific  matters  of  Audit,  Remuneration  and  Nominations.  The  Audit  and 
Remuneration Committees are chaired by Mr Davies and the Nominations Committee is chaired by Mr Wakefield. Further details are provided 
under principle 9, below. 

The  Board  is  confident  that  each  current  member  has  the  necessary  skills,  experience  and  knowledge  to  discharge  his  duties  and 
responsibilities effectively and that each commits the time necessary to fulfil his role. 

6.   Ensure that between them the directors have the necessary up-to-date experience, skills and 

capabilities 

Application 

The Board must have an appropriate balance of sector, financial and public markets skills and experience, as well as an appropriate balance 
of personal qualities and capabilities. The Board should understand and challenge its own diversity, including gender balance, as part of 
its composition.  

The Board should not be dominated by one person or a group of people. Strong personal bonds can be important but can also divide a Board. 

As companies evolve, the mix of skills and experience required on the Board will change, and Board composition will need to evolve to reflect 
this change. 

Compliance 

Collectively the directors have a wealth of knowledge and experience of the Group’s business operations and financial management, and of 
the market sector in which it operates. 

The Board is collectively aware of its need to consider and review its composition, in terms of individual personalities, diversity and gender. 
Having regard to the size and stage of development of the Group and of its internal resources and management support structure beneath 
it, the Board believes that it currently has an appropriate mix of personal qualities, experience and capability. 

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14  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Chairman’s corporate governance statement (continued) 

7.   Evaluate Board performance based on clear and relevant objectives, seeking continuous improvement 
Application 

The Board should regularly review the effectiveness of its performance as a unit, as well as that of its committees and the individual directors. 

The Board performance review may be carried out internally or, ideally, externally facilitated from time to time. The review should identify 
development or mentoring needs of individual directors or the wider senior management team. 

It is healthy for membership of the Board to be periodically refreshed. Succession planning is a vital task for Boards. No member of the Board 
should become indispensable. 

Compliance 

The Board undertakes regular monitoring of personal and corporate performance using agreed key performance indicators and detailed 
financial reports. 

Key performance indicators include: revenues, Adjusted EBITDA, pre-tax (loss)/profit, cash generation, net cash, net assets and earnings 
per share. 

The Board considers the need for refreshing its membership and is also responsible for succession planning. Having regard to the size and 
stage of development of the Group and of its internal resources and management support structure beneath it, the Board believes that it 
currently has an appropriate mix of personal qualities, experience and capability and that it undertakes sufficient procedures to review its 
own effectiveness and performance as a unit, as well as that of its committees and individual members. 

8.   Promote a corporate culture that is based on ethical values and behaviours 
Application 

The Board should embody and promote a corporate culture that is based on sound ethical values and behaviours and use it as an asset and 
a source of competitive advantage. 

The policy set by the Board should be visible in the actions and decisions of the Chief Executive and the rest of the management team. 
Corporate values should guide the objectives and strategy of the Company. 

The culture should be visible in every aspect of the business, including recruitment, nominations, training and engagement. The performance 
and reward system should endorse the desired ethical behaviours across all levels of the Company. 

The corporate culture should be recognisable throughout the disclosures in the Annual Report, website and any other statements issued by 
the Company. 

Compliance 

The Board is committed to embodying and promoting a sound corporate culture and has endorsed various policies which require ethical 
behaviour of staff and relevant counterparties (such as those mandating anti-corruption, anti-counterfeiting, fair treatment and equality of 
opportunity). 

The Board and management conduct themselves ethically at all times. The Group values its reputation for ethical behaviour and has a set of 
values that are at the core of its business philosophy. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  15

Corporate governance   

9.   Maintain governance structures and processes that are fit for purpose and support good decision-

making by the Board 

Application 

The Company should maintain governance structures and processes in line with its corporate culture and appropriate to its: 

–     size and complexity; and  

–     capacity, appetite and tolerance for risk. 

The governance structures should evolve over time in parallel with its objectives, strategy and business model to reflect the development of 
the Company. 

Compliance 

Whilst the Company recognises the importance of high standards of Corporate Governance, the Board has sought to address the matter in 
a proportionate way having regard to the size and resources of the Group. 

The principal risks faced by the Group are addressed by the appointment of an experienced executive Board, supported by experienced 
independent non-executive directors, an experienced, capable and diverse operational management support structure and a team of 
appropriately qualified external professional advisers.  

The Board aims to hold twelve formally constituted meetings per annum at which it typically reviews the Group’s financial performance and 
risk profile and considers strategies for future growth. 

The Board is supported by the Company Secretary who records and distributes minutes of the meetings on a timely basis. 

In support of its aim of maintaining governance structures and processes, the Board has sub-committees appointed to review the specific 
matters of Audit, Remuneration and Nominations. 

Audit Committee 

The Audit Committee is responsible for ensuring that the financial performance of the Group is properly reported on and monitored and for 
meeting the auditors and reviewing their reports in relation to the accounts and the audit. It holds a formal meeting with the external auditors 
at least twice a year. 

The Audit Committee evaluates the independence and objectivity of the external auditor and takes into consideration all United Kingdom 
professional and regulatory requirements. Consideration is given to all relationships between the Group and the audit firm including in 
respect of the provision of non-audit services. The Audit Committee considers whether those relationships appear to impair the auditor’s 
judgement or independence. The Audit Committee believes they do not. 

The Audit Committee believes that there should be no internal audit function for the Group at this time considering the size of the Group 
and the close involvement of senior management over the Group’s accounting systems. However, the Committee will keep this matter under 
review in the event that circumstances warrant an internal function for the Group in the future. 

Remuneration Committee 

The Remuneration Committee is responsible for setting the scale and structure of the executive directors' remuneration. It also recommends 
the allocation of share options to directors and other employees. 

The responsibilities of both the Audit and Remuneration Committees are undertaken by the Company’s independent non-executive directors, 
who seek independent advice from external advisors as he feels is appropriate and necessary. 

Nomination Committee 

The whole Board undertakes the Nomination Committee responsibilities. The remit comprises all new appointments of directors and senior 
management throughout the Group; nominations, interviewing, taking up references and considering related matters. 

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16  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Chairman’s corporate governance statement (continued) 

10. Communicate how the Company is governed and is performing by maintaining a dialogue with 

shareholders and other relevant stakeholders 

Application 

A healthy dialogue should exist between the Board and all of its stakeholders, including shareholders, to enable all interested parties to come 
to informed decisions about the Company. 

In particular, appropriate communication and reporting structures should exist between the Board and all constituent parts of its shareholder 
base. This will assist: 

–     the communication of shareholders’ views to the Board; and 

–     the shareholders’ understanding of the unique circumstances and constraints faced by the Company. 

It should be clear where these communication practices are described. 

Compliance 

The Board is conscious of the need to engage with shareholders and other stakeholders so that interested parties have sufficient information 
on which to make informed decisions about the Company. 

The Company’s Annual Financial Report provides information on a number of key areas, including the following: 

–     corporate governance, including reference to the QCA Code; 

–     operational and financial review; 

–     a summary of the business, the business model and strategy; 

–     significant risks and uncertainties; 

–     significant accounting policies and particularly areas which are subject to judgements, estimates and assumptions; and 

–     a Remuneration Committee Report. 

No separate Audit Committee Report is provided as its Chairman considers that its activities are adequately set out within Principle 9 above. 

The Company’s website provides further information on a number of key areas, including the following: 

–     material on the Company’s corporate governance framework; 

–     the AGM Statement and results of voting at the AGM; 

–     regulatory news; and 

–     historical Annual Financial Reports.  

Both this Annual Financial Report and the Company’s website provide information on forthcoming AGMs and a list of external advisers. 

Further details regarding the communication between the Company and its shareholders is explained in the disclosure above against principle 2. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  17

Corporate governance   

Directors’ remuneration report

Remuneration Committee  
The Remuneration Committee is presently comprised of the two non-executive directors, chaired by Mr J Wakefield. 

Remuneration policy 
The Remuneration Committee reviews the performance of executive directors and sets the scale and structure of their remuneration and 
other benefits. Individual rewards and incentives are aligned with the performance of the Group and the interests of the shareholders and 
are set at an appropriate level in order to attract, retain and motivate executives who are expected to meet challenging performance criteria. 

The committee also recommends the allocation of share options to directors and other employees. 

Service contracts 
No directors have contracts of service with notice periods that exceed 12 months. 

Directors’ emoluments 
Details of individual director’s emoluments are set out in note 4 to the financial statements. 

Directors’ share interests 
The directors’ beneficial interests in the shares of the Company at the year-end were as follows: 

Ordinary 
Shares of 
1p each at

Ordinary 
Shares of 
1p each at 
 31 December 31 December 
2022 

2023

R Abdullah

O Abdullah

T Connolly

P Negus

3,476,909

3,476,909 

2,139,948

2,139,948 

30,000

30,000 

575,000

575,000 

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18  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Directors’ remuneration report (continued) 

Directors’ interests in share options 
At 31 December 2023 the number of options to subscribe for ordinary shares of 1p held by directors was as follows: 

                                      Number of                                                       
                                       options at         Exercised            Lapsed
                                        1 January              during             during
                                                  2023           the year          the year

Granted
during
the year

Number of 
options at
31 December 
2023

Exercise 
price
(pence)

R Abdullah                       850,000                        –                       –

                                           575,000                        –                       –

O Abdullah                   1,312,500                        –        1,312,500

                                           850,000                        –                       –

                                           575,000                        –                       –

P Negus                            300,000                        –                       –

–

–

–

–

–

–

850,000

575,000

–

850,000

575,000

300,000

12.25p

21.50p

–

12.25p

21.50p

21.50p

Date first 
exercisable

Expiry date 

06.01.19

05.01.26 

31.10.21

30.10.28 

–

– 

06.01.19

05.01.26 

31.10.21

30.10.28 

31.10.21

30.10.28 

The share price at 31 December 2023 was 4.40p and the share price ranged during the year from 3.40p to 11.50p. 

There have been no changes to directors’ interests since the year end. 

Non-executive directors 
Fees for the non-executive directors are determined by the Board as a whole having regard to the time devoted to the Company’s affairs. 
The non-executive directors are not part of any pension, share option or bonus schemes of the Group. 

John Wakefield  
Director 

12 June 2024

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Directors’ report

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  19

Corporate governance   

The directors present their report and financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2023. 

Board of Directors and Directors’ interests 
The Board currently comprises an executive Chairman, two executive directors and two non-executive directors as follows: 

Raschid Abdullah – Executive Chairman  

Raschid was appointed Executive Chairman in January 2013 and until its purchase by Petards was also Executive Chairman of Water Hall 
Group plc, which was listed on AIM. 

He was previously Executive Chairman of Evered Holding plc, a fully listed public company specialising in industrial and quarry related 
products, from 1982 to 1989. Raschid started his commercial life within the construction industry in the areas of building product supplies 
and the provision of specialist subcontracting services starting his first business in 1971 which he sold to a competitor in 1976. He then joined 
the family business providing a range of services to clients in the Middle East. 

Osman Abdullah – Group Chief Executive 

Osman Abdullah was appointed to the Board in September 2010 as a Non-Executive Director, becoming executive chairman of the Group's 
principal trading subsidiary in 2013 and was appointed as Group Chief Executive in January 2016. 

He was formerly Group Chief Executive of Evered Holdings plc, a fully listed public company specialising in industrial manufacturing, 
distribution and quarry mining related products from 1981 to 1989. He subsequently served as a non-executive director of Umeco plc from 
1993 to 2005 a fully listed company specialising in component distribution and the manufacture of composite material based products 
principally to the aerospace industry. 

Paul Negus – Director 

Paul Negus joined the Board in September 2014 responsible for business development for Petards rail products. He has considerable 
commercial experience having spent eight years as Managing Director of PIPS Technology Limited, a developer of automatic number plate 
recognition and CCTV systems, first under private ownership and latterly under the ownership of Federal Signal Inc. 

John Wakefield – Non-Executive Director 

John Wakefield was appointed in February 2023. He is an experienced quoted company director and corporate adviser. He qualified as a 
solicitor with McKenna & Co (now CMS) before moving into corporate finance, first with Williams de Broe Limited and then at Rowan 
Dartington & Co. Limited, where he was a founder director and shareholder and head of corporate finance. He was a corporate finance 
director of WH Ireland Limited from 2009 until 2016.  

He has been a member of the AIM Advisory Group, chairman of the London Stock Exchange Regional Advisory Group for the South West 
and chairman of South West Angel and Investor Network Limited (SWAIN) from 2008 until 2016. He is currently Non-Executive Chairman of 
Baron Oil plc and a non-executive director of Drumz plc. John is Chairman of the Nominations Committee the Remuneration Committee 
and a member of the Audit Committee. 

Geraint Davies – Non-Executive Director 

Geraint Davies is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants with over 30 years’ experience, working with global national and local 
organisations in the private and public sector. Prior to his appointment, Geraint held senior leadership roles in EY’s practices in the Channel Islands, 
the UK, and Europe, most recently in Malta. He has also previously held roles with PwC and Deloitte. He is Chairman of the Audit Committee. 

Directors’ interests in the share capital of the Company are set out in the Remuneration Report. 

Research and development 
The Group is committed to research and development activities to secure competitive advantage in the markets in which it operates. 
An amount of £349,000 (2022: £164,000) has been capitalised during the year which relates to the development of the new Harrier AI camera 
in our traffic business and the ongoing development of the Group’s rail products. In addition, the Group expensed other development 
expenditure totalling £24,000 (2022: £140,000) directly to the Income Statement.

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20  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Directors’ report (continued)

Financial instruments and financial risk management 
The Group presently finances its operations through a mixture of cash resources, bank borrowings, retained earnings and share capital. 
Its principal financial instruments comprise cash and bank borrowings together with trade receivables and trade payables. 

The Group’s other financial instruments arise from its day to day operations and comprise primarily of short term debtors and creditors and, 
where deemed appropriate, forward currency contracts. 

Further details of the Group’s financial instruments are given in note 23 to the financial statements and the directors consider the principal 
risk associated with the Group’s financial instruments to be liquidity risk. 

Employment policies 
The  Group  has  established  policies  to  comply  with  the  relevant  legislation  and  codes  of  practice  regarding  employment  and  equal 
opportunities. It keeps its employees informed of matters affecting them as employees through regular team briefings throughout the year 
and has a policy that training, career development and promotion opportunities should be available to all employees. 

It is the Group’s policy to give full and fair consideration to applications for employment by people who are disabled, to continue wherever 
possible  the  employment  of  staff  who  become  disabled  and  to  provide  equal  opportunities  for  the  career  development  of 
disabled employees.  

Fostering relationships with stakeholders 
The Board is committed to fostering good relationships with stakeholders and its approach is outlined in the Section 172 Statement on page 10. 

Disclosure of information to auditor 
The directors who held office at the date of approval of this Directors’ Report confirm that, so far as they are each aware, there is no relevant 
audit information of which the Company’s auditor is unaware; and each director has taken all the steps that they ought to have taken as a 
director to make themselves aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company’s auditor is aware of that information. 

Substantial shareholdings 
At 31 May 2024 the Company was aware of the following interests in three percent or more of its issued share capital. 

Name of holder

K7 Financial Company WLL

R M Abdullah

T W G Charlton

A Perloff

Philip J Milton & Company Plc

Mr Osman Abdullah

Mr J Hicking

MT Zahid

YT Zahid

Mr J Cranston

John Peter Lobbenberg and family

Number
of shares

Percentage 
held 

8,615,268

15.24% 

3,476,909

3,050,000

3,000,000

2,575,195

2,139,948

1,900,000

1,875,000

1,875,000

1,820,000

1,815,550

6.15% 

5.40% 

5.31% 

4.56% 

3.79% 

3.36% 

3.32% 

3.32% 

3.22% 

3.21% 

267856 Petards pp10-pp22.qxp  17/06/2024  17:43  Page 21

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  21

Corporate governance    

Results and dividends 
The loss for the year after tax was £1,050,000 (2022: profit of £524,000). The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend. 

Going concern 
After making detailed enquiries, the Board has a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational 
existence for the foreseeable future and accordingly continues to prepare the financial statements on a going concern basis. Further details 
relating to going concern are provided at note 1 on page 35 to the financial statements. 

Auditor 
In accordance with section 489 of the Companies Act 2006, a resolution for the reappointment of BDO LLP as auditor of the Company is to 
be proposed at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting. 

By order of the Board 

Raschid Abdullah 
Director

Parallel House 
32 London Road 
Guildford 
Surrey 
GU1 2AB 

12 June 2024 

 
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22  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Statement of directors’ responsibilities in respect of the annual 
report and the financial statements 

The directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the Group and parent Company financial statements in accordance with 
applicable law and regulations.  

Company law requires the directors to prepare Group and parent Company financial statements for each financial year. As required by the 
AIM Rules of the London Stock Exchange they are required to prepare the Group financial statements in accordance with UK adopted 
international accounting standards and have elected to prepare the parent Company financial statements in accordance with UK adopted 
international accounting standards and as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. Under company law the 
directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the 
Group and parent Company and of their profit or loss for that period. In preparing each of the Group and parent Company financial statements, 
the directors are required to:  

l select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;  

l make judgements and estimates that are reasonable, relevant and reliable;  

l state whether they have been prepared in accordance with UK adopted international accounting standards;  

l assess the Group and parent Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going 

concern; and 

l use the going concern basis of accounting unless they either intend to liquidate the Group or the parent Company or to cease operations 

or have no realistic alternative but to do so.  

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the parent Company’s 
transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the parent Company and enable them to ensure 
that its financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are responsible for such internal control as they determine is necessary 
to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and have general 
responsibility for taking such steps as are reasonably open to them to safeguard the assets of the Group and to prevent and detect fraud and 
other irregularities.  

Under applicable law and regulations, the directors are also responsible for preparing a Strategic Report and a Directors’ Report that complies 
with that law and those regulations.  

The directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on the Company’s website. 
Legislation in the UK governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions. 

267856 Petards pp23-pp34.qxp  17/06/2024  17:43  Page 23

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  23

Financial statements

Independent auditor’s report to the members of 
Petards Group plc

Opinion on the financial statements 

In our opinion: 

l the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of 
the  Group’s  and  of  the  Parent  Company’s  affairs  as  at 
31  December  2023  and  of  the  Group’s  loss  for  the  year  then 
ended; 

l the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in 
accordance with UK adopted international accounting standards; 

l the Parent Company financial statements have been properly 
prepared 
international 
in  accordance  with  UK  adopted 
accounting standards and as applied in accordance with the 
provisions of the Companies Act 2006; and 

l the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with 

the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

We have audited the financial statements of Petards Group Plc (the 
‘Parent Company’) and its subsidiaries (the ‘Group’) for the year ended 
31  December  2023  which  comprise  the  Consolidated  Income 
Statement,  Statements  of  Changes  in  Equity,  Balance  Sheets, 
Statements of Cash Flows and notes to the financial statements, 
including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial 
reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is 
applicable law and UK adopted international accounting standards 
and, as regards the Parent Company financial statements, as applied 
in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards 
on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities 
under  those  standards  are  further  described  in  the  Auditor’s 

responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our 
report.  We  believe  that  the  audit  evidence  we  have  obtained  is 
sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.  

Independence 

We remain independent of the Group and the Parent Company in 
accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our 
audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical 
Standard as applied to listed entities, and we have fulfilled our other 
ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements.  

Conclusions relating to going concern 

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the 
Directors’  use  of  the  going  concern  basis  of  accounting  in  the 
preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. Our evaluation 
of the Directors’ assessment of the Group and the Parent Company’s 
ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting 
included in the key audit matter section. 

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any 
material  uncertainties  relating  to  events  or  conditions  that, 
individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group 
and the Parent Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for 
a  period  of  at  least  twelve  months  from  when  the  financial 
statements are authorised for issue.  

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the Directors with 
respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of 
this report. 

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24  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Independent auditor’s report to the members of 
Petards Group plc (continued)   

Overview 

Coverage 

Key audit matters 

Materiality 

95% (2022: 94%) of Group revenue 

8% (2022: 98%) of Group total assets 

                                                              2023                                  2022 

Revenue recognition                              4                               4 

Goodwill and intangible asset 
impairment                                              4                                       4 

Going Concern                                4                                – 

Group financial statements as a whole 

£94,000 (2022: £110,000) based on 1% (2022: 1%) of revenue

An overview of the scope of our audit 

Key audit matters 

Our Group audit was scoped by obtaining an understanding of the 
Group and its environment, including the Group’s system of internal 
control,  and  assessing  the  risks  of  material  misstatement  in  the 
financial statements. We also addressed the risk of management 
override of internal controls, including assessing whether there was 
evidence of bias by the Directors that may have represented a risk of 
material misstatement. 

The  Group’s  operations  are  based  in  Gateshead,  Kettering  and 
Guildford in the United Kingdom. 

Key  audit  matters  are  those  matters  that,  in  our  professional 
judgement, were of most significance in our audit of the financial 
statements of the current period and include the most significant 
assessed risks of material misstatement (whether or not due to fraud) 
that we identified, including those which had the greatest effect on: 
the overall audit strategy, the allocation of resources in the audit, and 
directing the efforts of the engagement team. These matters were 
addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as 
a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide 
a separate opinion on these matters. 

We  identified  six  components,  three  of  which  were  considered 
significant and subject to a full-scope audits by the group audit team. 
The non-significant components were subject to desktop reviews 
and specific audit procedures on certain financial statements areas 
by the group audit team.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  25

Financial statements

Key audit matter                                                                                       How the scope of our audit addressed the key audit matter

The Group earns revenue from the 
sale  of  engineering 
services, 
software and hardware.  
Revenue is the primary determinant 
of the Group’s profitability and one of 
the primary measures of performance 
communicated to investors. 
A significant element of the risk of 
material misstatement is the fraud 
risk 
in  revenue  relates  to  the 
potential  for  posting  of  unusual 
combination  of  journal  entries  to 
revenue to improve results. 
Hardware  and  software  sales  are 
delivered  around  the  year  end,  risk 
being 
the 
recognised  before 
performance obligations have been 
satisfied  and 
in  case  of  service 
revenues  not  being  appropriately 
deferred. 
For these reasons we considered this 
to be a key audit matter. 

Goodwill is tested for impairment at 
least  annually  through  comparing 
the recoverable amount of the cash-
generating unit, based on a value-in-
use calculation, to the carrying value. 
Furthermore, other intangible assets 
are tested for impairment where an 
indicator of impairment arises.  
The risk that goodwill and intangible 
assets  may  be 
is 
considered to be a key audit matter 
due  to  the  level  of  judgement 
involved in the impairment review 
and the opportunity and incentive 
for  management  bias  within  the 
impairment model assumptions. 
At  parent  company  level,  the  risk 
also applies to the carrying value of 
the subsidiary entities.

impaired 

Revenue 
recognition  

Fraud risk over 
existence of revenue 
and cut-off (refer 
accounting policy on 
page 36, including key 
estimates on page 36) 

Goodwill and other 
intangible asset 
impairment risk; 
subsidiary carrying 
value impairment 
risk within the 
parent company 
financial statements 
(see note 11) 
The accounting policy 
in respect of the 
accounting for 
impairment is 
included within the 
accounting policy on 
page 36. The 
accounting estimates 
and judgements in 
respect of 
impairments are 
included within the 
accounting 
judgements and 
estimates note on 
page 36. 

Our procedures included: 

Response to the fraud risk  

In response to the fraud risk, we have performed Journal testing to address 
the risk of fraud in revenue recognition, and as a result we identified “unusual 
account combinations” as the risk criteria and have tested all journals that 
were identified as unusual in line with the risk criteria.  

Response to the existence risk and cut off risk 

Hardware and Software sales:  

We  tested  a  sample  of  hardware  and  software  sales  assessing  whether 
revenue  was  recognised  in  the  appropriate  accounting  period  through 
agreeing revenue recorded to supporting documentation such as despatch 
notes, delivery notes and customer acceptance. This testing was carried out 
with a particular focus on transactions with a close proximity to the year end. 

Service Sales:  

For service revenues, on a sample basis we recalculated the revenue to be 
recognised over time agreed with reference to the contractual terms and 
also recalculated the deferred revenue at the year end date. 

Result: 

Based  on  our  procedures  performed  we  did  not  identify  any  matters  to 
suggest  that  revenue  recognised  during  the  audit  period  was  not 
appropriate.

Our procedures included the following: 
Impairment indicators check: 
We examined the Group’s goodwill and intangible assets for indicators of 
impairment such as considering whether there was any evidence of a decline 
in the value of the assets due to events during the year and comparing net 
assets to market capitalisation. In our consideration of evidence of decline in 
value of assets, we compared actual revenues to previous forecasts, reviewing 
whether cash generating unit actual revenues were on the decline, indicating 
possible obsolescence in the intangible assets.  
Management assessment of impairment: 
We also assessed impairment reviews prepared by management, specifically 
reviewing  the  integrity  of  management’s  value-in-use  model,  such  as 
agreeing the inputs on a sample basis to source documentation such as 
board approved forecasts and checking the mathematical accuracy. With the 
assistance  of  our  internal  valuation  experts,  we  challenged  the  key 
assumptions and estimates, being forecast growth rates, operating cash flows 
and the discount rate. We stress tested the models by flexing the assumptions 
impacting estimated future operating cashflows.  
Internal valuation experts used: 
Furthermore, with the assistance of our internal valuation experts we used 
market data to independently calculate a discount rate for comparison and 
also performed our own sensitivity analysis upon the key valuation inputs. 
Assessing impairment of investments at parent company level: 
At  parent  company  level,  we  considered  impairment  indicators  through 
comparing the carrying value of the investments in subsidiaries with the 
market capitalisation of the group at the balance sheet date. 

 
 
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26  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Independent auditor’s report to the members of 
Petards Group plc (continued)   

Key audit matter                                                                                       How the scope of our audit addressed the key audit matter

Going Concern (see 
Notes to the Financial 
Statements for 
accounting policies 
on going concern on 
page 35) 

judgements 

The directors’ assessment of going 
concern involves a number of highly 
subjective 
and 
accordingly, we consider the going 
concern assessment and disclosure 
to be a significant risk and Key Audit 
Matter. 

Our procedures included the following: 

Review of the Director’s assessment: 

The Directors’ method for assessing going concern including the relevance 
and reliability of underlying data used to make the assessment, and whether 
assumptions and changes to assumptions from prior years are appropriate 
and where relevant, consistent with each other. In our evaluation of reliability 
of underlying data and assumptions used in the assessment, we compared 
current  year  actual  results  to  budgets  and  forecasts  prepared  in  the 
previous year. 

Future assessment:  

The  Directors’  plans  for  future  actions  in  relation  to  the  going  concern 
assessment including whether such plans are feasible in the circumstances. 
This included considering the accuracy of historic forecasting and carrying 
out sensitivity analysis. 

Stress test on forecasts  

The Directors’ stress-testing of the forecasts to the extent of reasonable worst-
case scenarios, which included modelling revenue slippage in the delivery 
of contracts in the rail business. We have assessed these assumptions against 
past  performance  and  the  Group  and  Parent  company’s  results  for  the 
financial year to date. 

Adequacy of disclosures:  

The adequacy and appropriateness of disclosures in the financial statements 
regarding the going concern assessment in accordance with the relevant 
accounting standards. 

Result: 

Our conclusions are set out in the Conclusions related to going concern 
section of our report.  

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  27

Financial statements

Our application of materiality 

We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, and in evaluating the effect of misstatements. We consider 
materiality to be the magnitude by which misstatements, including omissions, could influence the economic decisions of reasonable users 
that are taken on the basis of the financial statements.  

In order to reduce to an appropriately low level the probability that any misstatements exceed materiality, we use a lower materiality level, 
performance materiality, to determine the extent of testing needed. Importantly, misstatements below these levels will not necessarily be 
evaluated as immaterial as we also take account of the nature of identified misstatements, and the particular circumstances of their occurrence, 
when evaluating their effect on the financial statements as a whole.  

Based on our professional judgement, we determined materiality for the financial statements as a whole and performance materiality as follows: 

                                                                                        Group financial statements                       Parent Company financial statements 

                                                                                        2023                                  2022                                  2023                                2022 
                                                                                        £000                                  £000                                  £000                                £000 
Materiality                                                                  94                                     110                                      51                                    100 

Basis for determining materiality                   1% of                                  1% of                               Lower of 0.5%                   2022: 95% of  
                                                                                     revenue                             revenue                          of total assets                    Group materiality 
                                                                                                                                                                          or 95% of 
                                                                                                                                                                            Group materiality 

Rationale for the benchmark applied           Revenue is considered to be one of                    % of Group materiality given the  
                                                                                        the principal considerations for the                     assessment of the components  
                                                                                        users of the financial statements in                     aggregation risk. 
                                                                                        assessing the financial  
                                                                                        performance of the Group. 

Performance materiality                                       73                                       83                                       39                                       75 

Basis for determining performance 
materiality and rationale for 
percentage applied

           75% (2022: 75%) of materiality. This was on the basis of our risk assessment, together with our 
assessment of the Group’s and Parent Company’s overall control environment and our past 
experience  of  the  audit  which  has  indicated  a  low  number  of  corrected  and  uncorrected 
misstatements in the prior periods and Management’s willingness to investigate and correct these. 

Component materiality 

For the purposes of our Group audit opinion, we set materiality for each significant component of the Group, apart from the Parent Company 
whose materiality is set out above, based on a percentage of between 9% and 95% (2022: 29% and 95%) of Group materiality dependent on the 
size and our assessment of the risk of material misstatement of that component. Component materiality ranged from £9,000 to £90,000 (2022: 
£7,000 to £100,000). In the audit of each component, we further applied performance materiality levels of 75% (2022: 75%) of the component 
materiality to our testing to ensure that the risk of errors exceeding component materiality was appropriately mitigated. 

Reporting threshold  

We agreed with the Audit Committee that we would report to them all individual audit differences in excess of £2,280 (2022:£3,300). We also 
agreed to report differences below this threshold that, in our view, warranted reporting on qualitative grounds. 

Other information 

The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other 
than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information 
and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our 
responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the 
financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify 
such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material 
misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material 
misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. 

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28  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Independent auditor’s report to the members of 
Petards Group plc (continued)   

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Other Companies Act 2006 reporting 

Based on the responsibilities described below and our work performed during the course of the audit, we are required by the Companies 
Act 2006 and ISAs (UK) to report on certain opinions and matters as described below.  

Strategic report and                               In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 
Directors’ report                                      •      the information given in the Strategic report and the Directors’ report for the financial year for 

which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and 

                                                                       •      the Strategic report and the Directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable 

legal requirements. 

                                                                       In  the  light  of  the  knowledge  and  understanding  of  the  Group  and  Parent  Company  and  its 
environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements 
in the strategic report or the Directors’ report. 

Matters on which we are                       We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies 
required to report by exception         Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 
                                                                       •      adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Parent Company, or returns adequate 

                                                                       •      the Parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records 

for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 

                                                                       •      certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 
                                                                       •      we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

and returns; or 

Responsibilities of Directors 

As explained more fully in the Directors’ responsibilities statement, the Directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements 
and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the Directors determine is necessary to enable the 
preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

In preparing the financial statements, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s and the Parent Company’s ability to continue as 
a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the 
Directors either intend to liquidate the Group or the Parent Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, 
whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, 
but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. 
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected 
to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

Extent to which the audit was capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud 

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, 
outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable 
of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below: 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  29

Financial statements

Non-compliance with laws and regulations 

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, 
outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable 
of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below: 

Based on: 

–     Our understanding of the Group and the industry in which it operates; 

–     Discussion with management and those charged with governance and the Audit Committee; and 

–     Obtaining and understanding of the Group’s policies and procedures regarding compliance with laws and regulations; 

we considered the significant laws and regulations to be UK adopted international accounting standards, Companies Act 2006, QCA Code, 
AIM Listing Rules. 

The Group is also subject to laws and regulations where the consequence of non-compliance could have a material effect on the amount or 
disclosures in the financial statements, for example through the imposition of fines or litigations. We identified such laws and regulations to 
be tax legislation and health and safety legislation. 

Our procedures in respect of the above included: 

–     Review of minutes of meeting of those charged with governance for any instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations; 

–     Review of financial statement disclosures and agreeing to supporting documentation; 

–     Engagement partner assessment that the engagement team collectively had the appropriate competence and capabilities to identify or 

recognize non-compliance with laws and regulations based on experience of the industry; and 

–     Review of legal expenditure accounts to understand the nature of expenditure incurred. 

We focused on laws and regulations that could give rise to a material misstatement in the Group financial statements. 

Fraud 

We assessed the susceptibility of the financial statements to material misstatement, including fraud. Our risk assessment procedures included: 

–     Enquiry with management and those charged with governance (including the Audit Committee) regarding any known or suspected 

instances of fraud; 

–     Obtaining an understanding of the Group’s policies and procedures relating to: 

       –     Detecting and responding to the risks of fraud; and  

       –     Internal controls established to mitigate risks related to fraud.  

–     Review of minutes of meeting of those charged with governance for any known or suspected instances of fraud; 

–     Discussion amongst the engagement team as to how and where fraud might occur in the financial statements; 

–     Performing analytical procedures to identify any unusual or unexpected relationships that may indicate risks of material misstatement due 

to fraud;  

–     Considering remuneration incentive schemes and performance targets and the related financial statement areas impacted by these; 

–     Obtaining an understanding of how cash can be fraudulently taken out of the Group, and how other assets (including stock) can be 

misappropriated; and 

Based on our risk assessment, we considered the areas most susceptible to fraud to be  

–     Revenue recognition and posting of unusual combination of journal entries to revenue to improve results; and 

–     adoption of undue management bias in accounting estimates and judgements. 

 
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30  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Independent auditor’s report to the members of 
Petards Group plc (continued)   

Our procedures in respect of the above included: 

–     Testing a sample of revenue transactions around year end to ensure revenue was recognised in the appropriate period, as noted in the 

revenue recognition key audit matter. 

–     We have performed Journal testing to address the risk of fraud in revenue recognition, and as a result we identified “unusual account 

combinations” as the risk criteria and have tested all journals that were identified as unusual in line with the risk criteria; and 

–     Assessing significant estimates made by management for bias (particularly discount rates and growth rates adopted in impairment 

assessment). 

We also communicated relevant identified laws and regulations and potential fraud risks to all engagement team members who were all 
deemed to have appropriate competence and capabilities and remained alert to any indications of fraud or non-compliance with laws and 
regulations throughout the audit. 

Our audit procedures were designed to respond to risks of material misstatement in the financial statements, recognising that the risk of not 
detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may involve deliberate 
concealment by, for example, forgery, misrepresentations or through collusion. There are inherent limitations in the audit procedures performed 
and the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations is from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, 
the less likely we are to become aware of it. 

A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. 
This description forms part of our auditor’s report. 

Use of our report 

This report is made solely to the Parent Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. 
Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Parent Company’s members those matters we are required to state to them 
in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone 
other than the Parent Company and the Parent Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have 
formed. 

Arbinder Chatwal (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
For and on behalf of BDO LLP, Statutory Auditor 
Southampton UK 
12 June 2024 

BDO LLP is a limited liability partnership registered in England and Wales (with registered number OC305127).

 
 
 
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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  31

Financial statements

Consolidated income statement 

For year ended 31 December 2023

Revenue
Cost of sales

Gross profit
Administrative expenses
Other income

Adjusted EBITDA*
Amortisation of intangibles
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
Amortisation of right of use assets
Exceptional acquisition costs
Exceptional reorganisational costs
Share based payment charges

Operating (loss)/profit
Finance income
Finance expenses

(Loss)/profit before tax
Income tax 

(Loss)/profit for the year attributable to equity shareholders of the parent

Other comprehensive income

Total comprehensive (loss)/income for the year

(Loss)/profit per ordinary share (pence) 
Basic
Diluted

Note

2

11
8
10
28
28
19

5
5

3
6

7
7

2023
£000

9,424
(4,669)

4,755
(5,940)
–

340
(523)
(161)
(185)
(579)
(77)
–

(1,185)
33
(46)

(1,198)
148

(1,050)

–

(1,050)

(1.86)
(1.86)

2022 
£000 

10,872 
(5,330) 

5,542 
(5,322) 
6 

1,161 
(586) 
(149) 
(200) 
– 
– 
(1) 

225 
1 
(48) 

178 
346 

524 

– 

524 

0.93 
0.91 

*  Earnings before financial income and expenses, tax, depreciation, amortisation, exceptional items, acquisition costs and share based payment charges. See Alternative Performance 

Measures Glossary on page 69. 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statements. 

267856 Petards pp23-pp34.qxp  17/06/2024  17:43  Page 32

32  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Statements of changes in equity  

For year ended 31 December 2023

Group

At 1 January 2022
Profit for the year

Total comprehensive income for the year
Contributions by and distributions to owners 
Equity-settled share based payments

Total contributions by and distributions to owners

Share
capital
£000

Share
premium
£000

Treasury
shares
£000

Equity
reserve
£000

Retained
earnings
£000

575
–

–

–

–

1,624
–

(103)
–

–

–

–

–

–

–

14
–

–

–

–

5,612
524

524

1

1

Total 
equity 
£000 

7,722 
524 

524 

1 

1 

At 31 December 2022                                                                             575               1,624                (103)                   14               6,137               8,247 

At 1 January 2023                                                                                       575               1,624                (103)                   14               6,137               8,247 
(1,050) 
–
Loss for the year

(1,050)

–

–

–

Total comprehensive loss for the year

At 31 December 2023

–

575

–

–

1,624

(103)

–

14

(1,050)

(1,050) 

5,087

7,197 

Company

At 1 January 2022
Profit for the year 

Total comprehensive income for the year
Contributions by and distributions to owners 
Equity-settled share based payments

Total contributions by and distributions to owners

Share
capital
£000

Share
premium
£000

Treasury
shares
£000

Equity
reserve
£000

Retained
earnings
£000

575
–

–

–

–

1,624
–

(103)
–

–

–

–

–

–

–

14
–

–

–

–

8,172
229

229

1

1

Total 
equity 
£000 

10,282 
229 

229 

1 

1 

At 31 December 2022                                                                             575               1,624                (103)                   14               8,402             10,512 

At 1 January 2023                                                                                       575               1,624                (103)                   14               8,402            10,512 
(317) 
–
Loss for the year

(317)

–

–

–

Total comprehensive loss for the year

At 31 December 2023

–

575

–

–

1,624

(103)

–

14

(317)

(317) 

8,085

10,195 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statements.

267856 Petards pp23-pp34.qxp  17/06/2024  17:43  Page 33

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  33

Financial statements

Balance sheets 

At 31 December 2023

ASSETS 
Non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment
Right of use assets
Intangible assets
Investments
Deferred tax assets

Current assets 
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents 

Total assets

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 
Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent 
Share capital
Share premium
Treasury shares
Equity reserve
Retained earnings

Total equity 

Non-current liabilities 
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Trade and other payables

Current liabilities 
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Trade and other payables

Total liabilities

Total equity and liabilities

Group
2023 
£000

Note

2022
£000

593
236
3,829
5
519

5,182

1,841
2,502
2,016

6,359

655
691
3,605
5
470

5,426

1,735
2,323
1,241

5,299

10,725

11,541

575
1,624
(103)
14
5,087

7,197

511
–

511

221
2,796

3,017

3,528

575
1,624
(103)
14
6,137

8,247

105
–

105

234
2,955

3,189

3,294

Company 
2023 
£000

–
–
–
12,856
181

13,037

–
471
604

1,074

14,112

575
1,624
(103)
14
8,085

2022 
£000 

– 
– 
– 
12,856 
191 

13,047 

– 
229 
129 

358 

13,405 

575 
1,624 
(103) 
14 
8,402 

10,195

10,512 

–
1,086

1,086

–
2,831

2,831

3,917

– 
1,018 

1,018 

125 
1,750 

1,875 

2,893 

8,9
10
11
12
13

14
15
16

20

21
22

17
18

17
18

10,725

11,541

14,112

13,405 

As permitted by section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the parent company’s income statement has not been included in these financial 
statements. The parent company’s loss for the financial year was £317,000 (2022: profit of £229,000). 

These financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 12 June 2024 and were signed on its behalf by: 

Raschid Abdullah 
Director 

Registered number: 02990100 

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statements.

267856 Petards pp23-pp34.qxp  17/06/2024  17:43  Page 34

34  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Statements of cash flows 

For year ended 31 December 2023

Cash flows from operating activities 
(Loss)/profit for the year
Adjustments for: 
    Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
    Amortisation of right of use assets
    Amortisation of intangible assets
    Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment
    Profit on disposal of right of use assets
    Finance income
    Finance expenses
    Equity settled share-based payment expenses
    Income tax (credit)/charge

Operating cash flows before movement in working capital
Change in inventories
Change in trade and other receivables
Change in trade and other payables

Cash generated from operations
Tax received

Net cash from/(used in) operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment
Acquisition of intangible assets
Sale of property, plant and equipment
Interest received
Capitalised development expenditure

Net cash (outflow)/inflow from investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities
Bank loan repaid
Interest paid on loans and borrowings
Principal paid on lease liabilities
Interest paid on lease liabilities
Other interest and foreign exchange

Net cash outflow from financing activities

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents

Total movement in cash and cash equivalents in the year
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December

Note

8,9
10
11

5
5
19
6

8,9
11
8

11

17
5
17
17
5

16

The accompanying notes form an integral part of the financial statements.

Group
2023
£000

(1,050)

161
185
523
(4)
–
(33)
46
–
(148)

(320)
106
–
(159)

(373)
377

4

(154)
(30)
15
33
(349)

(485)

(125)
(3)
(123)
(32)
(11)

(294)

(775)

(775)
2,016

1,241

2022
£000

524

149
200
586
(15)
–
(1)
48
1
(346)

1,146
(182)
(334)
(47)

583
–

583

(61)
(93)
20

(164)

(298)

(250)
(12)
(248)
(24)
(12)

(546)

(261)

(261)
2,277

2,016

Company 
2023
£000

2022 
£000 

(317)

229 

–
–
–
–
–
(20)
51
–
10

(276)
–
90
817

631
–

631

–
–
–
20
–

20

(125)
(51)
–
–
–

(176)

475

475
129

604

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
(1) 
45 
1 
(2) 

272 
– 
(13) 
(866) 

(607) 
2 

(605) 

– 
– 
– 

– 

– 

(250) 
(44) 
– 
– 
– 

(294) 

(899) 

(899) 
1,028 

129 

 
 
 
267856 Petards pp35-pp49.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 35

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  35

Financial statements

Notes 

(forming part of the financial statements) 

Accounting policies 

1
Petards Group plc (the “Company”) is a company incorporated in the UK.  

The Group financial statements consolidate those of the Company and its subsidiaries (together referred to as the “Group”). The parent 
company financial statements present information about the Company as a separate entity and not about its Group. 

The accounting policies set out below have, unless otherwise stated, been applied consistently to all periods presented in these consolidated 
financial statements. 

Statement of compliance 
Both the parent company financial statements and the Group financial statements have been prepared and approved by the directors in 
accordance with UK adopted international accounting standards and the parent company financial statements in accordance with UK 
adopted international accounting standards and as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. On publishing 
the parent company financial statements here together with the Group financial statements, the Company is taking advantage of the 
exemption in section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 not to present its individual income statement and related notes that form a part of 
these approved financial statements. 

Basis of preparation 
The consolidated financial statements are presented in GBP which is also the Group’s functional currency.  

Amounts are rounded to the nearest thousand, unless otherwise stated.  

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards and International Accounting 
Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and Interpretations (collectively IFRS Accounting Standards).  

The preparation of financial statements in compliance with adopted IFRS Accounting Standards requires the use of certain critical accounting 
estimates. It also requires Group management to exercise judgment in applying the Group's accounting policies.  

Going concern 
Petards is a critical supplier to many of its customers supporting the UK’s police and armed forces as well as the safe running of the railways. 
The main risks to the Group’s cash flows identified are firstly, that customers may delay or re-schedule deliveries for orders already in the 
Group’s order book and secondly that, in the short term, contract awards that the Group was expecting to secure for revenue in 2024 may 
be delayed. By their nature these risks are difficult for the Group to directly influence or control, but by keeping in close contact with our 
customers we are seeking to ensure that we are well-informed about their plans and prepared to secure contracts awards as and when the 
opportunities arise. The Group is fortunate that its customer base comprises blue chip companies, the UK Government and its agencies and 
its exposure to credit risk is low. 

The Group currently meets its day to day working capital requirements through its own cash resources and its available banking facilities. 
Post year end the Group has entered in a new £2.5 million overdraft facility that may be utilised for the Group’s working capital purposes, 
and any other purpose which its bankers may approve, on an “evergreen” basis. The previous 3-year £2.5 million overdraft facility was undrawn 
both during 2023 and in 2024 until its expiry. 

The Group has prepared working capital forecasts based on the 2024 budget updated for material known changes since it was prepared.  
The time period reviewed is to 31 December 2025. At 31 May 2024 the Group had cash balances of £1.8 million and its £2.5 million overdraft 
facility was undrawn.  The forecasts also consider the potential impact of contract awards that the Group is expecting to secure for revenue 
during the period that may be delayed or cancelled. 

The Board has concluded, after reviewing the work performed and detailed above, that there is a reasonable expectation that the Group has 
adequate resources to continue in operation until at least 30 June 2025. Accordingly, they have adopted the going concern basis in preparing 
these financial statements. 

267856 Petards pp35-pp49.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 36

36  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

Accounting policies continued 

1
Changes in accounting policies 
The Group has applied the following standards and amendments for the first time in the annual reporting period commencing 1 January 
2023, which have had no material impact on the Group’s financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2023: 

l

l

l

l

Disclosure of Accounting Policies (Amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements and IFRS Practice Statement 2 Making 
Materiality Judgements);  

Definition of Accounting Estimates (Amendments to IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors);  

Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction (Amendments to IAS 12 Income Taxes); and  

International Tax Reform – Pillar Two Model Rules (Amendment to IAS 12 Income Taxes) (effective immediately upon the issue of the 
amendments and retrospectively).  

Judgements and estimates 
The preparation of financial statements requires the directors to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that may affect the application 
of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and income and expenses. The key areas requiring the use of 
estimates and judgements which may significantly affect the financial statements are considered to be: 

Key Judgements 
(a)

Revenue recognition (note 2) 
The Group recognises revenue when it transfers control over a product or service to its customer. Revenue is measured based on the 
consideration specified in a contract with a customer and excludes amounts collected on behalf of third parties. 

Where a modification to an existing contract occurs, the Group assesses the nature of the modification and whether it represents a separate 
performance obligation required to be satisfied by the Group, or whether it is a modification to the existing performance obligation. 

The Group applies judgements and estimates to its portfolio of contracts in order to identify specific performance obligations and the 
timing of transfer of control of a product or service to a customer. The most significant area of judgement arises in the determination 
of revenue recognition when undertaking engineering development contracts. Those undertaken in 2022 and 2023 have been 
recognised at a point in time on acceptance, rather than over the duration of the project. The impact of this is to defer revenue to the 
point at which the development is completed. At 31 December 2023 contract liabilities (note 18) included no revenues deferred in 
this way (2022: nil). 

The Group does not expect to have any contracts where the period between the transfer of the promised goods or services to the 
customer and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, the Group has not needed to apply estimates and 
judgements in respect of the time value of money as applied to transaction prices. 

Recognition of deferred tax assets (notes 6 and 13) 
The Group has substantial deferred tax assets. Determining how much of these assets can be recognised requires an assessment of 
the extent to which it is probable that future taxable profits will be available. This assessment is based on management’s future 
assessment of the Group’s financial performance and forecast financial information. If sufficient future taxable profits are not available, 
the value of the deferred tax asset will reduce by an amount equal to 25% of any shortfall. 

Impairment of intangible assets (note 11) 
The Group performs impairment reviews at the reporting period end to identify any intangible assets that have a carrying value that 
is in excess of its recoverable value. Determining the recoverability of an intangible asset requires judgement in both the methodology 
applied and the key variables within that methodology. Where it is determined that an intangible asset is impaired, its carrying value 
will be reduced to its recoverable value with the difference recorded as an impairment charge in the income statement. 

Sensitivity analysis has been performed on the key assumptions for discount rate and forecast future cashflows to determine when 
impairment would occur. 

(b)

(c)

267856 Petards pp35-pp49.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 37

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  37

Financial statements

1
d)

Accounting policies continued 
Capitalised development expenditure (note 11) 
This involves judgement in the identification of development expenditure which is appropriate to capitalise and which is recoverable 
through future product revenue, together with an assessment of the estimated useful economic life of any asset recognised. Assets 
recognised in this way are also subject to impairment reviews. 

The estimates and associated assumptions are based on forecasts of future product revenues, historical experience and various other 
factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making the judgements 
about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these 
estimates. 

The impact should the actual useful economic lives of one or more of the products be shorter than estimated would be an additional 
amortisation charge at that time. The conservative nature of the rail industry, and the long asset lives of the rail vehicles to which the 
Group’s products are fitted, has historically meant that no material adjustments of this nature have been required. At 31 December 
2023 the net book value of capitalised development expenditure was £1,718,000 (2022: £1,809,000). 

Basis of consolidation 
Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. The Group controls an entity when it is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its 
involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. In assessing control, the Group takes 
into consideration potential voting rights that are currently exercisable. The acquisition date is the date on which control is transferred to the 
acquirer. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that control commences 
until the date that control ceases. 

Inter-company balances, and any unrealised gains and losses or income and expenses arising from intragroup transactions, are eliminated 
when preparing the consolidated financial information. 

Foreign currency 
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated at the foreign exchange rate ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and 
liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the balance sheet date are translated at the foreign exchange rate ruling at that date. Non-
monetary assets and liabilities that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at 
the date of the transaction. Foreign exchange differences arising on translation are recognised in the income statement. 

Classification of financial instruments issued by the Group 
In accordance with IAS 32, financial instruments issued by the Group are treated as equity only to the extent that they meet the following 
two conditions:  

(a)

they include no contractual obligations upon the Company (or Group as the case may be) to deliver cash or other financial assets or 
to exchange financial assets or financial liabilities with another party under conditions that are potentially unfavourable to the Company 
(or Group); and  

(b) where the instrument will or may be settled in the Company’s own equity instruments, it is either a non-derivative that includes no 
obligation to deliver a variable number of the Company’s own equity instruments or is a derivative that will be settled by the Company 
exchanging a fixed amount of cash or other financial assets for a fixed number of its own equity instruments. 

To the extent that this definition is not met, the proceeds of issue are classified as a financial liability. Where the instrument so classified takes 
the legal form of the Company’s own shares, the amounts presented in these financial statements for called up share capital and share 
premium account exclude amounts in relation to those shares.  

Finance payments associated with financial liabilities are dealt with as part of financial expenses. Finance payments associated with financial 
instruments that are classified in equity are treated as distributions and are recorded directly in equity.

267856 Petards pp35-pp49.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 38

38  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

Accounting policies continued 

1
Investments in subsidiaries 
Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost less impairment in the Company balance sheet.  

Derivative financial instruments  
Derivative financial instruments are recognised both initially and subsequently at fair value. The gain or loss on re-measurement to fair value 
is recognised immediately in the income statement.  

Intra-group financial guarantee contracts 
Where the Company enters into financial guarantee contracts to guarantee the indebtedness of other companies within its Group, the Company 
considers these to be insurance arrangements and accounts for them as such. In this respect, the Company treats the guarantee contract as 
a contingent liability until such time as it becomes probable that the Company will be required to make a payment under the guarantee. 

Property, plant and equipment 
Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. 

Where parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, they are accounted for as separate items of property, 
plant and equipment. 

Depreciation is charged to the income statement on a straight line basis over the estimated useful lives of each part of an item of property, 
plant and equipment. Land is not depreciated. The estimated useful lives are as follows: 

Leasehold improvements                          life of lease straight line  
Plant and equipment: 
    Plant and equipment                             3 - 10 years  
    Computer equipment                           3 - 5 years  
    Furniture and fittings                             3 - 5 years  
Motor vehicles                                             4 - 5 years 

The residual values and useful economic lives are reassessed annually. 

Business combinations 
Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method as at the acquisition date, which is the date on which control is 
transferred to the Group.  

Acquisitions on or after 1 January 2010 
For acquisitions on or after 1 January 2010, the Group measures goodwill at the acquisition date as: 

l

l

l

l

the fair value of the consideration transferred; plus  

the recognised amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree; plus 

the fair value of the existing equity interest in the acquiree; less 

the net recognised amount (generally fair value) of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed.  

When the excess is negative, a bargain purchase gain is recognised immediately in profit or loss. 

Costs related to the acquisition, other than those associated with the issue of debt or equity securities, are expensed as incurred. 

Any contingent consideration payable is recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. If the contingent consideration is classified as equity, 
it is not remeasured, and settlement is accounted for within equity. Otherwise, subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent 
consideration are recognised in profit or loss.

267856 Petards pp35-pp49.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 39

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  39

Financial statements

Accounting policies continued 

1
On a transaction-by-transaction basis, the Group elects to measure non-controlling interests, which have both present ownership interests 
and are entitled to a proportionate share of net assets of the acquiree in the event of liquidation, either at its fair value or at its proportionate 
interest in the recognised amount of the identifiable net assets of the acquiree at the acquisition date. All other non-controlling interests are 
measured at their fair value at the acquisition date. 

Other intangible assets that are acquired by the Group are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses.  

Amortisation is charged on a straight line basis over the estimated useful lives of intangible assets. Other intangible assets are amortised 
from the date they are available for use. 

Research and development 
Expenditure on research activities is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred. 

Expenditure on activities for the development of new or substantially improved products is capitalised if the product is technically and 
commercially feasible, and the Group has the technical ability and has sufficient resources to complete development and if the Group can 
measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development. The expenditure capitalised includes the cost 
of materials, direct labour and an appropriate proportion of overheads. Development expenditure not meeting the above criteria is recognised 
in the income statement as an expense as incurred. Capitalised development expenditure is stated at cost less accumulated amortisation 
and impairment losses. 

Internally generated development expenditure is amortised on a straight line basis over the period which the directors expect to obtain 
economic benefits (typically 3 to 8 years from the asset being available for use). Where no internally generated intangible asset can be 
recognised, development expenditure is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred. 

Other intangible assets 
Other intangible assets that are acquired by the Group are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. 

Amortisation  
Amortisation is charged to the income statement on a straight line basis over the estimated useful lives of intangible assets unless such lives 
are indefinite. Intangible assets with an indefinite useful life and goodwill are systematically tested for impairment at each balance sheet 
date. Other intangible assets are amortised from the date they are available for use. The estimated useful lives are as follows: 

Technology related assets                         4 - 10 years  
Customer related assets                             3 - 5 years 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and call deposits with an original maturity of three months or less. Bank borrowings that 
are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Group’s cash management are included as a component of cash and cash 
equivalents for the purpose only of the statement of cash flows. 

Impairment 
The carrying amounts of the Group’s assets, other than inventories and deferred tax assets, are reviewed at each balance sheet date to 
determine whether there is any indication of impairment. If any such indication exists, the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated.  

Goodwill is allocated to cash generating units and is tested annually for impairment and more frequently if there are indications of impairment. 

An impairment loss is recognised whenever the carrying amount of an asset or its cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount. 
Impairment losses are recognised in the income statement. Impairment losses recognised in respect of cash generating units are allocated 
first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to cash generating units and then to reduce the carrying amount of the other 
assets in the unit on a pro rata basis. A cash generating unit is the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates cash inflows that are 
largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets.

267856 Petards pp35-pp49.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 40

40  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

Accounting policies continued 

1
Reversals of impairment 
An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed.  

An impairment loss in respect of other assets is reversed only to the extent that the asset’s carrying amount does not exceed the carrying 
amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no impairment loss had been recognised. 

Interest-bearing borrowings 
Interest-bearing borrowings are recognised initially at fair value less attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, interest-
bearing borrowings are stated at amortised cost with any difference between cost and redemption value being recognised in the income 
statement over the period of the borrowings on an effective interest basis. 

Employee benefits 
Defined contribution plans 
Obligations for contributions to defined contribution pension plans are recognised as an expense in the income statement as service is 
provided. 

Short-term benefits 
Short-term employee benefit obligations are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability 
is recognised for the amount expected to be paid under short-term cash bonus or profit-sharing plans if the Group has a present legal or 
constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably. 

Share-based payment transactions 
Options granted under the Group’s employee share schemes are equity settled. The grant date fair value of options granted to employees is 
recognised as an employee expense, with a corresponding increase in equity, over the period in which the employees become unconditionally 
entitled to the options. The fair value of the options granted is measured using an option valuation model, taking into account the terms 
and conditions upon which the options were granted. The amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the actual number of 
share options that vest except where forfeiture is due only to share prices not achieving the threshold for vesting. 

Treasury shares 
Treasury shares are held as a deduction from equity and are held at cost price. 

Exceptional items 
Exceptional items are items of income and expenditure that are individually material due to size or incidence that the directors consider 
require separate disclosure in order for the reader to obtain a full understanding of the performance of the Group in the year. 

Provisions 
A provision is recognised in the balance sheet when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event, and 
it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. If the effect is material, provisions are determined 
by discounting the expected, risk adjusted, future cash flows at a pre-tax risk-free rate. 

Financial assets and liabilities 
Classification and measurement  
The Group classifies its financial instruments in accordance with IFRS 9 Financial Instruments.  

The Group has no derivative financial instruments either designated as cash flow hedges or not qualifying for hedge accounting. 

Impairment of financial assets 
The Group has two types of financial assets that are subject to IFRS 9’s expected credit loss model: 

l

l

trade and other receivables; and 

contract receivables. 

267856 Petards pp35-pp49.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 41

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  41

Financial statements

Accounting policies continued 

1
The Company has one type of financial asset that is subject to IFRS 9’s expected credit loss model: 

l

amounts owed by group undertakings in respect of the Company. 

Trade and other receivables and contract receivables do not contain a significant financing element and therefore expected credit losses are 
measured using the simplified approach permitted by IFRS 9, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from the initial 
recognition of the receivables. 

The Group has assessed credit risk in relation to defence-related sales to government customers or sub-contractors to governments and 
believes it to be extremely low, therefore no expected credit loss provision is required for these trade and other receivables, or contract 
receivables. The Group also considers expected credit losses for non-government commercial customers, however this risk is not expected 
to be material to the financial statements. 

Impairment provisions in respect of amount owed by group undertakings are recognised based on a forward-looking expected credit loss 
model. The methodology used to determine the amount of the provision is based on whether there has been a significant increase in credit 
risk since initial recognition of the financial asset. For those where the credit risk has not increased significantly since initial recognition of the 
financial asset, twelve-month expected credit losses along with gross interest income are recognised. For those for which credit risk has 
increased significantly, lifetime expected credit losses along with the gross interest income are recognised. For those that are determined to 
be credit impaired, lifetime expected credit losses along with interest income on a net basis are recognised. 

While cash and cash equivalents are also subject to the impairment requirements of IFRS 9, no impairment loss was identified. 

Classification  
The Group classifies its financial assets in the following measurement categories: 

l

l

those to be measured subsequently at fair value (either through other comprehensive income, or through profit or loss); and 

those to be measured at amortised cost. 

Measurement 
At initial recognition, the Group measures a financial asset at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset not measured at fair value 
through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. 

The Group subsequently measures trade and other receivables, amounts owed by group undertakings in respect of the Company and 
contract receivables at amortised cost. 

Impairment 
For trade and other receivables, contract receivables and amounts due from equity accounted investments, the Group applies the simplified 
approach permitted by IFRS 9, which requires expected lifetime losses to be recognised from initial recognition of the receivables. 

Financial liabilities 
Financial liabilities include the following items: 

Bank borrowings are initially recognised at fair value net of any directly attributable transaction costs. Such interest bearing liabilities are 
subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method, which ensures that any interest expense over the period 
to repayment is at a constant rate on the balance of the liability carried in the consolidated statement of financial position. For the purposes 
of each financial liability, interest expense includes initial transaction costs and any premium payable on redemption, as well as any interest 
or coupon payable while the liability is outstanding. 

Trade and other payables and other short-term monetary liabilities are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently carried at amortised 
cost using the effective interest method. 

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42  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

Accounting policies continued 

1
Contracts with customers  
Revenue represents income derived from contracts for the provision of goods and services by the Group to customers in exchange for 
consideration in the ordinary course of the Group’s activities. Revenue is stated net of VAT, discounts and rebates. 

Performance obligations 
Upon approval by the parties to a contract, the contract is assessed to identify each promise to transfer either a distinct good or service or a 
series of distinct goods or services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer to the customer. Goods and services 
are distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations in the contract if the customer can benefit from them either on their 
own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer and they are separately identifiable in the contract. 

Transaction price 
At the start of the contract, the total transaction price is estimated as the amount of consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled 
in exchange for transferring the promised goods and services to the customer, excluding sales taxes. Variable consideration, such as price 
escalation, is included based on the expected value or most likely amount only to the extent that it is highly probable that there will not be 
a reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised. The transaction price does not include estimates of consideration resulting from 
contract modifications, such as change orders, until they have been approved by the parties to the contract. The total transaction price is 
allocated to the performance obligations identified in the contract in proportion to their relative stand-alone selling prices. Given the bespoke 
nature of many of the Group’s products and services, which are designed and/or manufactured under contract to the customer’s individual 
specifications, there are sometimes no observable stand-alone selling prices. Instead, stand-alone selling prices are typically estimated based 
on expected costs plus contract margin consistent with the Group’s pricing principles. 

Revenue and profit recognition  
Revenue is recognised as performance obligations are satisfied and control of the goods or services is transferred to the customer. 

The majority of the Group’s revenue is derived from selling goods with revenue recognised at the point in time when control of the goods 
has transferred to the customer. This is generally when the goods are delivered to the customer. However, for export sales, control might also 
be transferred when delivered either to the port of departure or port of arrival, depending on the specific terms of the contract with a 
customer. There is limited judgement needed in identifying the point control passes: once physical delivery of the products to the agreed 
location has occurred, the Group no longer has physical possession, and usually will have a present right to payment and retains none of the 
significant risks and rewards of the goods in question. 

A small minority of contracts are negotiated on a bill and hold basis. In such arrangements revenue is recognised even though the Group 
still has physical possession only if: 

l

l

l

l

the arrangement is substantive (i.e. requested by the customer); 

the finished goods have been identified separately as belonging to the customer; 

the product is ready for physical transfer to the customer; and 

the Group does not have the ability to use the product to direct it to another customer. 

Some goods sold by the Group include warranties which require the Group to either replace or mend a defective product during the warranty 
period if the goods fail to comply with agreed-upon specifications. In accordance with IFRS 15, such warranties are not accounted for as 
separate performance obligations and hence no revenue is allocated to them. Instead, a provision is made for the costs of satisfying the 
warranties in accordance with IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets.  

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  43

Financial statements

Accounting policies continued 

1
Performance obligations are satisfied over time if one of the following criteria is satisfied: 

l

l

l

the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided by the Group’s performance as it performs; 

the Group’s performance creates or enhances an asset that the customer controls as the asset is created or enhanced; or 

the Group’s performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the Group and it has an enforceable right to payment for 
performance completed to date. 

For each performance obligation to be recognised over time, the Group recognises revenue using an input method, based on costs incurred 
in the period. Revenue and attributable margin are calculated by reference to reliable estimates of transaction price and total expected costs, 
after making suitable allowances for technical and other risks. Revenue and associated margin are therefore recognised progressively as costs 
are incurred, and as risks have been mitigated or retired. The Group has determined that this method faithfully depicts the Group’s performance 
in transferring control of the goods and services to the customer. 

The Group’s contracts that satisfy the over time criteria are typically services and maintenance support contracts where the customer 
simultaneously receives and consumes the benefit provided by the Group’s performance. 

When it is probable that total contract costs will exceed total contract revenue, the expected loss is recognised immediately as an expense. 

The Group does not expect to have any contracts where the period between the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customer 
and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, the Group does not adjust its transaction price for the time value 
of money. 

Software licences 
The Group sells software licences either separately or together with other goods and services. Revenue recognition in respect of software 
licences sold as part of a bundle of goods and services is considered separately when the licence is determined to be a separate performance 
obligation. Software licences either represent a right to access the Group’s intellectual property as it exists throughout the licence period or 
a right to use the Group’s intellectual property as it exists at the point in time at which the licence is granted. Revenue in respect of right to 
access licences is recognised over the licence term and revenue in respect of right to use licences is recognised upfront on delivery to 
the customer. 

Contract modifications 

The Group’s contracts are sometimes amended for changes in customers’ requirements and specifications. A contract modification exists 
when the parties to the contract approve a modification that either changes existing or creates new enforceable rights and obligations. The 
effect of a contract modification on the transaction price and the Group’s measure of progress towards the satisfaction of the performance 
obligation to which it relates is recognised in one of the following ways: 

(a)

prospectively as an additional, separate contract; 

(b)

prospectively as a termination of the existing contract and creation of a new contract; or 

(c)

as part of the original contract using a cumulative catch up. 

The majority of the Group’s contract modifications are treated under either (a) (for example, the requirement for additional distinct goods or 
services) or (b) (for example, a change in the specification of the distinct goods or services for a partially completed contract), although the 
facts and circumstances of any contract modification are considered individually as the types of modifications will vary contract-by-contract 
and may result in different accounting outcomes. 

Costs to obtain a contract 
The Group expenses pre-contract bidding costs which are incurred regardless of whether a contract is awarded. The Group does not typically 
incur costs to obtain contracts that it would not have incurred had the contracts not been awarded. 

267856 Petards pp35-pp49.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 44

44  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

Accounting policies continued 

1
Costs to fulfil a contract 
Contract fulfilment costs in respect of over time contracts are expensed as incurred. Contract fulfilment costs in respect of point in time 
contracts are accounted for under IAS 2 Inventories.  

Inventories 
Inventories include raw materials, work-in-progress and finished goods recognised in accordance with IAS 2 in respect of contracts with 
customers which have been determined to fulfil the criteria for point in time revenue recognition under IFRS 15. It also includes inventories 
for which the Group does not have a contract. This is often because fulfilment costs have been incurred in expectation of a contract award. 
The Group does not typically build inventory to stock. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, including all relevant overhead expenditure, 
and net realisable value. 

During the year, Petards Joyce-Loebl changed to a standard costing methodology for inventory valuation. There was no material effect on 
inventory valuation at 31 December 2023. 

Contract receivables 
Contract receivables represent amounts for which the Group has an unconditional right to consideration in respect of unbilled revenue 
recognised at the balance sheet date and comprises costs incurred plus attributable margin. 

Contract liabilities 
Contract  liabilities  represent  the  obligation  to  transfer  goods  or  services  to  a  customer  for  which  consideration  has  been  received, 
or consideration is due, from the customer. 

Right of use assets and leases 
The Group recognises a right of use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right of use asset is initially measured at 
cost, comprising the initial amount of the lease liability plus any initial direct costs incurred and any lease payments made at or before the 
lease commencement date, less any lease incentives received. The right of use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight line 
method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the asset or the end of the lease term. The lease liability 
is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest 
rate implicit in the lease, or if that rate cannot readily be determined, the incremental borrowing rate. The lease liability is subsequently 
measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. It is re-measured when there is a change in future lease payments arising 
from a change in an index or a rate or a change in the Group's assessment of whether it will exercise an extension or termination option. 
When the lease liability is re-measured, a corresponding adjustment is made to the right of use asset.  

Judgements are involved in determining the lease term, particularly if extension or termination options are included in property leases across 
the Group. In determining the lease term, management considers all facts and circumstances that create an economic incentive to extend 
or terminate a property lease. Termination options are only included in the lease term if it is reasonably certain that the lease will be terminated. 
The assessment of the lease term is reviewed if a significant event or a significant change in circumstances occurs that is within the control 
of the Group. 

Payments associated with short-term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised on a straight line basis as an expense in profit or 
loss. Short-term leases are leases with a lease term of 12 months or less. Low-value assets are assets with a value of less than £5,000 when 
new, typically small items of IT equipment, office equipment and office furniture. 

Expenses 
Operating lease payments 
In applying paragraph 6 of IFRS 16, short-term leases and leases for low-value assets are not recognised as lease liabilities with a corresponding 
right of use asset. Payments under such leases are recognised in the income statement on a straight line basis over the term of the lease. 

Finance income 
Financial income comprises interest receivable on funds invested, and foreign exchange gains. Interest income is recognised in the income 
statement as it accrues using the effective interest method. 

267856 Petards pp35-pp49.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 45

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  45

Financial statements

Accounting policies continued 

1
Finance expenses 
Financial expenses comprise interest payable on borrowings, interest on leases and foreign exchange losses.  

Taxation 
Income tax on the profit or loss for the period comprises both current and deferred tax. Income tax is recognised in the income statement 
except to the extent that it relates to items recognised directly in equity, in which case it is recognised in equity. 

Current tax is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the balance 
sheet date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years.  

Deferred tax is provided using the balance sheet liability method, providing for temporary differences between the carrying amounts of 
assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. The amount of deferred tax provided is 
based on the expected manner of realisation or settlement of the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted or 
substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. 

A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the asset can 
be utilised.  

Segmental information 

2
The analysis by geographic segment below is presented in accordance with IFRS 8 on the basis of those segments whose operating results 
are regularly reviewed by the Board of Directors (the Chief Operating Decision Maker as defined by IFRS 8) to make strategic decisions, 
to monitor performance and allocate resources.  

The Board regularly reviews the Group’s performance and balance sheet position for its entire operations as a whole. The Board receives 
financial information, assesses performance and makes resource allocation decisions for its UK based business as a whole, therefore the 
directors consider the Group to have only one segment in terms of products and services, being the development, supply and maintenance 
of technologies used in advanced security, surveillance and ruggedised electronic applications.  

As the Board of Directors receives revenue, adjusted EBITDA and operating (loss)/profit on the same basis as set out in the consolidated 
income statement no further reconciliation or disclosure is considered necessary. 

Revenue by geographical destination can be analysed as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2023
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        £000

United Kingdom                                                                                                                                                                             9,187
Continental Europe                                                                                                                                                                            114
Rest of World                                                                                                                                                                                       123

                                                                                                                                                                                                           9,424

The timing of revenue recognition can be analysed as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2023
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        £000

Products and services transferred at a point in time                                                                                                               7,950
Products and services transferred over time                                                                                                                             1,474

2022 
£000 

10,524 
276 
72 

10,872 

2022 
£000 

6,990 
3,882 

                                                                                                                                                                                                           9,424

10,872 

Details of the revenues relating to the Group’s main customers in the year are given in note 15.

267856 Petards pp35-pp49.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 46

46  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

Operating expenses 

3
(Loss)/profit before tax is stated after charging: 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2023
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        £000

Amortisation of intangibles                                                                                                                                                              523
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment                                                                                                                         161
Amortisation of right of use assets                                                                                                                                                 185
Development costs expensed directly to income                                                                                                                         19
Net write down of inventories                                                                                                                                                           62

Auditor’s remuneration:                                                                                                                                                              2023
                                                                                                                                                                                                            £000

Audit of these financial statements                                                                                                                                                  29
Amounts receivable by the Company’s auditor and its associates in respect of: 
Audit of financial statements of subsidiaries pursuant to legislation                                                                                         79

2022 
£000 

586 
149 
200 
140 
86 

2022 
£000 

22 

65 

Amounts receivable by the Company’s auditor and its associates in respect of services to the Company, other than the audit of the Company’s 
financial statements, have not been disclosed as the information is required instead to be disclosed on a consolidated basis. 

Staff numbers and costs 

4
The aggregate payroll costs, including directors, were as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Group 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2023
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        £000

Wages and salaries                                                                                                                                                                         3,868
Share based payments (note 19)                                                                                                                                                         –
Social security costs                                                                                                                                                                           424
Other pension costs (note 19)                                                                                                                                                         169 

                                                                                                                                                                                                           4,461

2022 
£000 

3,868 
1 
417 
172 

4,458 

The monthly average number of employees during the year (including directors) was as follows: 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Group 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2023
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Number

2022 
Number 

Direct labour                                                                                                                                                                                          39
Development                                                                                                                                                                                        14
Sales                                                                                                                                                                                                           6
Administration                                                                                                                                                                                      28

                                                                                                                                                                                                                 87

40 
13 
5 
23 

81 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  47

Financial statements

Staff numbers and costs continued 

4
Directors’ remuneration 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        2023
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        £000

Directors’ emoluments                                                                                                                                                                      444
Company contributions to defined contribution pension schemes                                                                                            –

                                                                                                                                                                                                              444 

2022 
£000 

349 
– 

349 

The aggregate of emoluments of the highest paid director was £163,000 (2022: £154,000). 

                                                                                                                                                                Salaries                          Other  
                                                                                                                                                               and fees                       benefits                Total           Total 
                                                                                                                                                         2023          2022         2023          2022         2023          2022 
Name of Director                                                                                                                      £000          £000         £000          £000         £000          £000 

R Abdullah                                                                                                                                157            150                4                 2           161            152 
O Abdullah                                                                                                                               157            150                5                 4           162            154 
P Negus ¹                                                                                                                                     63              19                1                –              64              19 
T Connolly                                                                                                                                   30              24                –                –              30              24 
J Wakefield                                                                                                                                  23                –                –                –              23                – 
G Davies                                                                                                                                         4                –                –                –                4                – 

                                                                                                                                                   434            343              10                 6           444            349 

¹ Included fees for the services of P Negus payable to Adcel Limited of £5,000 (2022: £nil) 

No directors are accruing rights to shares under long term incentive schemes.  

Number of directors exercising share options

Number of directors accruing benefits under a defined contribution pension scheme 

Directors’ rights to subscribe for shares in the Company are as follows: 

2023                    2022 
Number              Number 

–

1

– 

1 

                                                                                                                                           At start of year              At end of year
Director                                                                                                                            Number of shares      Number of shares

Exercise price 
(pence) 

R Abdullah                                                                                                                                   1,425,000                       1,425,000
O Abdullah                                                                                                                                   2,737,500                       1,425,000
P Negus                                                                                                                                           300,000                          300,000

12.25p – 21.5p 
 12.25p – 21.5p 
21.5p 

Further details of movement in rights to subscribe for shares are included in the Remuneration Report, under the heading ‘Directors’ Interests 
in Share Options’, which forms part of these audited financial statements. 

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48  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

5

Finance income and expenses 

Recognised in profit or loss 
Interest on bank deposits
Other Interest

Finance income

Interest expense on financial liabilities at amortised cost 
Interest expense on lease liabilities
Other interest payable
Other exchange loss 

Finance expenses

6

Taxation 

Recognised in the income statement 

Current tax expense/(credit) 
Current tax charge
Adjustments in respect of prior years (see note below)

Total current tax

Deferred tax (credit)/expense
Origination and reversal of temporary differences
Derecognition of previously recognised losses
Recognition of previously unrecognised losses
Utilisation of recognised tax losses
Recognition of tax losses
Adjustment in respect of prior years

Total deferred tax

Total tax credit in income statement

2023                    2022 
£000                    £000 

20                           1 
13                           – 

33

1 

2023                    2022 
£000                    £000 

3                           6 
32                        24 
–                           6 
12 

11

46

48 

2023
£000

29
(312)

(7)
20
(57)
51
–
128

2023
£000

2022 
£000 

2022
£000

116
(224)

(283)

(108) 

(144)
–
–
27
(65)
(56)

135

(148)

(238) 

(346) 

The £312,000 credit to current tax in respect of prior years predominantly relates to enhanced tax deductions for R&D tax claims and losses 
surrendered for R&D tax credits in respect of prior years. These claims are recognised when receipt is determined to be probable.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  49

Financial statements

6

Taxation continued 

Reconciliation of effective tax rate 

(Loss)/Profit before tax

Tax using the UK corporation tax rate of 23.5% (2022: 19%)
Items not deductible for tax purposes
Non-deductible expenses
Non-taxable income
Utilisation of previously unrecognised tax losses
Adjustments in respect of prior years
Effect of differential tax rate for deferred tax
Effect of tax losses generated in the year not recognised
De-recognition of previously recognised losses
Change in unrecognised temporary differences

2023                    2022 
£000
£000 
(1,198)
178 

(282)                       34 
136                              
–                           8 
–                         (1) 
(63)                      (64) 
(185)                    (280) 
5                       (43) 
224                           – 
20                           – 
(3)
– 

Total tax credit                                                                                                                                                                                         (148)

(346) 

Factors that may affect future current and total tax charges 
The main rate of UK corporation tax, which was 19% at the start of the year, changed to 25% with effect from 1 April 2023.  

Earnings per share 

7
Basic earnings per share 
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the (loss)/profit for the year attributable to the shareholders by the weighted average 
number of shares in issue.  

Earnings 
(Loss)/profit for the year (£000)

Number of shares 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares (‘000)

Basic (loss)/ profit per share (pence)

2023                    2022 
£000                    £000 

(1,050)

524 

56,528

56,528 

(1.86)

0.93 

Diluted earnings per share  
Diluted earnings per share assumes conversion of all potentially dilutive ordinary shares, which arise from share options that would decrease 
earnings per share or increase loss per share from continuing operations and is calculated by dividing the adjusted (loss)/ profit for the year 
attributable to the shareholders by the assumed weighted average number of shares in issue.  

Adjusted earnings 
(Loss)/profit for the year (£000)

2023                    2022 
£000                    £000 

(1,050)

524 

Number of shares 
Weighted average number of ordinary shares (‘000)                                                                                                                 56,528

57,830 

Diluted (loss)/profit per share (pence)                                                                                                                                          (1.86)

0.91 

267856 Petards pp50-pp68.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 50

50  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

8

Property, plant and equipment – Group 

Cost 
Balance at 1 January 2022
Additions
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2022

Balance at 1 January 2023
Additions
Asset Transfer
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2023

Depreciation and impairment 
Balance at 1 January 2022
Depreciation charge for the year
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2022

Balance as 1 January 2023
Depreciation charge for the year
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2023

Net book value 
At 1 January 2022

At 31 December 2022 and 1 January 2023

At 31 December 2023

Leasehold
improvements
£000

Plant and
equipment
£000

Motor 
vehicles
£000

289
–
–

289

289
22
–
–

311

280
8
–

288

288
3
–

291

9

1

20

2,134
61
(21)

2,174

2,174
105
79
(7)

2,351

1,527
124
(16)

1,635

1,635
140
(5)

1,770

607

539

581

92
–
–

92

92
27
–
(35)

84

22
17
–

39

39
18
(27)

30

70

53

54

Total 
£000 

2,515 
61 
(21) 

2,555 

2,555 
154 
79 
(42) 

2,746 

1,829 
149 
(16) 

1,962 

1,962 
161 
(32) 

2,091 

686 

593 

655 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  51

Financial statements

9

Property, plant and equipment – Company 

Plant and 
equipment 
£000 

Cost 
Balance at 1 January 2022                                                                                                                                                                                                        5 
Additions                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     – 

Balance at 31 December 2022                                                                                                                                                                                                5 

Balance at 1 January 2023                                                                                                                                                                                                        5 
Additions                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     – 

Balance at 31 December 2023                                                                                                                                                                                                       5 

Depreciation and impairment 
Balance at 1 January 2022                                                                                                                                                                                                        5 
Depreciation charge for the year                                                                                                                                                                                            – 

Balance at 31 December 2022                                                                                                                                                                                                5 

Balance at 1 January 2023                                                                                                                                                                                                        5 
Depreciation charge for the year                                                                                                                                                                                            – 

Balance at 31 December 2023                                                                                                                                                                                                       5 

Net book value 
At 1 January 2022                                                                                                                                                                                                                      – 

At 31 December 2022 and 1 January 2023                                                                                                                                                                           – 

At 31 December 2023                                                                                                                                                                                                                        – 

267856 Petards pp50-pp68.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 52

52  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

10 Right of use assets – Group 

Assets
Cost 
Balance at 1 January 2022 
Additions
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2022

Balance at 1 January 2023 
Additions
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2023

Amortisation 
Balance as 1 January 2022
Amortisation charge for the year
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2022

Balance as 1 January 2023
Amortisation charge for the year
Disposals

Balance at 31 December 2023

Net book value 
At 1 January 2022

At 31 December 2022 and 1 January 2023

At 31 December 2023

The Company has no right of use assets. 

Land and 
buildings
£000

Motor 
vehicles
£000

Total 
£000 

690 
18 
–

708

708
638
(500)

846

344
180
–

524

524
161
(500)

185

346

184

661

59  
52 
(13)

98

98
2
–

100

39
20
(13)

46

46
24
–

70

20

52

30

749  
70  
(13) 

806 

806 
640 
(500) 

946 

383 
200 
(13) 

570 

570 
185 
(500) 

255 

366 

236 

691 

267856 Petards pp50-pp68.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 53

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  53

Financial statements

10 Right of use assets – Group continued 

Lease liabilities 
Balance at 1 January 2022
Additions
Interest expense
Lease payments

Balance at 31 December 2022

Balance at 1 January 2023
Additions
Interest expense
Reclassification
Lease payments

Balance at 31 December 2023

Payable within one year (note 17)
Payable after more than one year (note 17)

Balance at 31 December 2023

Payable within one year (note 17)
Payable after more than one year (note 17)

Balance at 31 December 2022

Land and 
buildings
£000

Motor 
vehicles
£000

366
18
23
(249)

158

158
639
30
4
(130)

701

206
495

701

87
71

158

26
52
1
(23)

56

56
2
2
(4)
(25)

31

15
16

31

22
34

56

Total 
£000 

392 
70 
24 
(272) 

214 

214 
641 
32 
– 
(155) 

732 

221 
511 

732 

109 
105 

214 

267856 Petards pp50-pp68.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 54

54  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

11 Intangible assets – Group 

Customer     Technology 
related              related

intangibles      intangibles Goodwill
£000

£000                   £000

Development
costs
£000

Asset under
construction
£000

IT  
Assets 
£000

Cost 
Balance at 1 January 2022
Additions 

Balance at 31 December 2022

Balance at 1 January 2023
Additions
Asset transfer 

178                     598
–                         –

178                     598

178                     598
–                         –
–                         –

1,488
–

1,488

1,488
–
–

4,130
164

4,294

4,294
349
–

Balance at 31 December 2023

178                     598

1,488

4,643

Amortisation and impairment 
Balance at 1 January 2022
Amortisation charge for the year

Balance at 31 December 2022

Balance as 1 January 2023
Amortisation charge for the year

Balance at 31 December 2023

At 1 January 2022

178                     224
–                       62

178                     286

178                     286
–                       62

178                     348

–                     374

At 31 December 2022 and 1 January 2023

–                     312

–
–

–

–
–

–

1,488

1,488

At 31 December 2023

–                     250

1,488

1,961
524

2,485

2,485
442

2,927

2,169

1,809

1,716

–
220

220

220
–
(220)

–

–
–

–

–
–

–

–

220

–

Total 
£000 

6,394 
384 

6,778 

6,778 
378 
(79) 

–
–

–

–
29
141

170

7,077 

–
–

–

–
19

2,363 
586 

2,949 

2,949 
523 

19

3,472 

–

–

4,031 

3,829 

151

3,605 

Development  costs  relate  to  the  ongoing  development  of  the  Group’s  rail  and  ANPR  products. This  includes  an  amount  of  £261,000 
(2022: £60,000) for which amortisation has not yet commenced. 

Amortisation 
The amortisation charge is recognised within administrative expenses in the income statement.  

Impairment testing 
The  Group  considers  that  for  the  purpose  of  goodwill  impairment  testing  it  has  three  cash  generating  units  (CGUs)  involved  in  the 
development, supply and maintenance of technologies used in advanced security, surveillance, web-based real-time safety critical integrated 
software applications and ruggedised electronic applications. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  55

Financial statements

11 Intangible assets – Group continued 
Goodwill has been allocated to cash generating units as follows: 

Petards Joyce-Loebl 
QRO Solutions 
RTS Solutions

2023                    2022 
£000                    £000 

219                      219 
488                      488 
781 
781

1,488

1,488 

Impairment is tested by calculating its value in use by reference to discounted cash flow forecasts over a five year period. The key assumptions 
for the value in use calculation are those regarding the growth rates, discount rates and expected changes in profit margins during the 
period. These are based on the approved budget for 2024 and an assumption of 2% growth thereafter applied in perpetuity (2022: approved 
forecasts for the next year and an assumption of no growth thereafter, applied in perpetuity) and are based on the forecast profit margin being 
maintained (2022: profit margin maintained). The discount rate applied is 12% (2022: 13%). 

For Petards Joyce-Loebl the discount rate would have to increase to 25% before there is an impairment. There is headroom of 57% before 
impairment. 

For QRO Solutions the discount rate would have to increase to 160% before there is an impairment. There is headroom of 94% before 
impairment. 

For RTS Solutions the discount rate would have to increase to 47% before there is an impairment. There is headroom of 78% before impairment. 

12 Investments  
The Group and Company have the following investments in subsidiary undertakings: 

Name of company

Country of operation
and registration

England (2)
Petards Joyce-Loebl Limited
England (1)
QRO Solutions Limited
England (1)
RTS Solutions (UK) Limited
RTS Solutions (Holdings) Limited England (1)
England (1)
Water Hall Group plc
England (2)
Petards Limited
England (2)
Joyce-Loebl Group Limited
England (2)
Petards International Limited
England (1)
Petards Traincare Limited
England (1)
Petards Railcare Limited

Registered offices: 
(1) Parallel House, 32 London Road, Guildford, GU1 2AB 
(2) 390 Princesway, Team Valley, Gateshead, Tyne and Wear, NE11 0TU 

Nature of business

Holding

Specialist electronic systems
Specialist electronic systems
Specialist electronic systems
Non-trading
Non-trading
Dormant
Dormant
Dormant
Dormant
Dormant

Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares

Proportion held 
Group Company 

100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%

100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

267856 Petards pp50-pp68.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 56

56  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

12 Investments continued 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Shares in 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 subsidiary 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           undertakings 
Company                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         £000 
Cost 
Balance at 1 January 2022                                                                                                                                                                                              17,190 

Balance at 31 December 2022                                                                                                                                                                                       17,190 

Balance at 1 January 2023                                                                                                                                                                                              17,190 

Balance at 31 December 2023                                                                                                                                                                                            17,190 

Provisions for impairment in value 
Balance at 1 January 2022                                                                                                                                                                                                4,334 

Balance at 31 December 2022                                                                                                                                                                                         4,334 

Balance at 1 January 2023                                                                                                                                                                                                4,334 

Balance at 31 December 2023                                                                                                                                                                                              4,334 

Net book value 
At 1 January 2022 and 31 December 2022                                                                                                                                                                 12,856 

At 31 December 2023                                                                                                                                                                                                            12,856 

The Group’s investments comprise £5,000 relating to a small minority shareholding in a private technology company acquired in 2020. That 
investment is included in the Company’s investments set out above. 

The Group has conducted impairment reviews for each of its cash-generating units (CGUs) estimating future discounted cash flows to be 
generated from each CGU. In conjunction with note 11 above, the directors believe there is no impairment, the assumptions used in the 
value in use model as disclosed in note 11 are used for impairment analysis of the carrying value of investments. 

13 Deferred tax assets and liabilities  
Group 
Recognised deferred tax assets and liabilities are attributable to the following: 

Property, plant and equipment
Provisions
Tax value of loss carry-forwards
Intangible fixed assets

Tax assets/(liabilities)
Offset of tax

Net tax assets

Assets

Liabilities

Net 

2023
£000

–
6
964
–

970
(500)

470

2022
£000

–
7
931
–

938
(419)

519

2023
£000

(114)
–
–
(386)

(500)
500

–

2022
£000

(66)
–
–
(353)

(419)
419

–

2023
£000

(114)
6
964
(386)

470
–

470

2022 
£000 

(66) 
7 
931 
(353) 

519 
– 

519 

The deferred tax assets are expected to be recovered against future taxable profits, projected on a conservative basis, within 3 years. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  57

Financial statements

13 Deferred tax assets and liabilities continued 
Unrecognised deferred tax assets are attributable to the following: 

Property, plant and equipment
Provisions
Tax value of loss carry-forwards

Tax assets

There is no expiry date on the above unrecognised deferred tax assets. 

Movement in deferred tax during the year 

Property, plant and equipment
Provisions
Tax value of loss carry-forwards
Intangible fixed assets

Movement in deferred tax during the prior year. 

Property, plant and equipment
Provisions
Tax value of loss carry-forwards
Intangible fixed assets

Company 
Recognised deferred tax assets are attributable to the following: 

Tax value of loss carry-forwards
Provision
Property, plant and equipment

Tax assets

Assets                 Assets 
2023                    2022 
£000                    £000 

272                      306 
–                           2 
1,829 

2,009

2,281

2,137 

1 January
2023
£000

Recognised 31 December 
2023 
£000 

in income
£000

(66)
7
931
(353)

519

(48)
(1)
33
(33)

(49)

(114) 
6 
964 
(386) 

470 

1 January
2022
£000

Recognised 31 December 
2022 
£000 

in income
£000

(81)
6
926
(455)

396

15
1
5
102

123

(66) 
7 
931 
(353) 

519 

Assets                 Assets 
2023                    2022 
£000                    £000 

156                      191 
2                           – 
– 

23

181

191 

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58  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

13 Deferred tax assets and liabilities continued 
Unrecognised deferred tax assets are attributable to the following: 

Property, plant and equipment
Provisions
Tax value of loss carry-forwards 

Tax assets

14 Inventories 

Raw materials and consumables
Work in progress

Assets                 Assets 
2023                    2022 
£000                    £000 

–                        34 
–                           2 
24 
–

–

60 

Group

Company 

2023
£000

1,595 
140 

1,735 

2022
£000

1,585 
256 

1,841 

2023
£000

–
–

–

2022 
£000 

– 
– 

– 

The directors consider all inventories to be essentially current in nature although the duration of certain contracts is such that a proportion 
of inventories will not be realised within 12 months. It is not possible to determine this amount with precision as this is dependent on several 
matters including future order volumes, the timing of project milestones and customer call off schedules. 

Inventories recognised as cost of sales in the year amounted to £2,848,000 (2022: £4,037,000). At 31 December 2023 inventories are shown 
net of provisions of £518,000 (2022: £457,000). 

15 Trade and other receivables 

Trade receivables
Amounts owed by group undertakings
Corporation tax recoverable
Other receivables
Prepayments and accrued income

Group

Company 

2023
£000

2,104
–
–
69
151

2,324

2022
£000

1,957
–
179
82
284

2,502

2023
£000

–
455
–
–
15

470

2022 
£000 

– 
200 
– 
– 
29 

229 

At 31 December 2023 trade receivables included retentions of £451,000 (2022: £451,000). 

The Group has a variety of credit terms depending on the customer and these generally range from 14 to 60 days. The majority of the Group’s 
sales are made to government agencies and blue chip companies and consequently have very low historical default rates. No expected 
credit loss provision is considered necessary. 

At 31 December 2023 trade receivables are shown net of an allowance for credit notes of £nil (2022: £nil) arising from the ordinary course of 
business. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  59

Financial statements

15 Trade and other receivables continued 
The ageing of trade receivables at the balance sheet date was: 

Group 
Not past due date
Past due date (0-90 days)
Past due date (over 90 days)

Group 

2023
Gross and
net trade
receivables
£000

2022
Gross and 
net trade 
receivables 
£000 

1,298                   1,557 
780                      400 
– 

26

2,104

1,957 

Management has no indication that any unimpaired amounts will be irrecoverable. No other receivables are past due in either the current 
or prior year. 

In 2023 revenues from two customers exceeded 10% of the Group’s revenues being £1,564,000 and £1,042,000 respectively (2022: Two 
customers: £1,530,000 and £2,137,000). In 2023 £771,000 (2022: £440,000) relating to those customers was outstanding at year end. 

The maximum exposure to credit risk for trade receivables at the reporting date by geographic region was: 

UK
Europe
Other regions

Group 
2023                    2022 
£000                    £000 

1,791                   1,492 
313                      464 
1 

–

2,104

1,957 

The Group’s exposure to credit and currency risks and impairment losses related to trade receivables is disclosed at note 23. 

The Company has no trade receivables but it has receivables from group undertakings which are analysed at note 27. No expected credit 
loss provision is considered necessary. 

16 Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents per balance sheet and per cash flow statement

Group

Company 

2023
£000

1,241

2022
£000

2,016

2023
£000

604

2022 
£000 

129 

The Group’s exposure to credit and currency risk related to cash and cash equivalents is disclosed at note 23.

267856 Petards pp50-pp68.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 60

60  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

17 Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 
This note provides information about the contractual terms of the Group’s and Company’s interest-bearing loans and borrowings, which are 
measured at amortised cost. More information about the Group’s and Company’s exposure to interest rate and foreign currency risk is disclosed 
at note 23. 

Non-current liabilities 
Lease liabilities

Current liabilities 
Bank loan
Lease liabilities

Group

Company 

2022
£000

105

125
109

234

2023 
£000

–

–
–

–

2022 
£000 

– 

125 
– 

125 

2023
£000

511

–
221

732

The interest rate on the bank loan that was fully repaid in the year was set at The Bank of England bank rate plus 3.25% and the loan was 
secured by a fixed and floating charge over the assets of the Group.  During the year the Group had available an undrawn 3-year £2.5 million  
overdraft facility. A new £2.5 million overdraft facility was entered into in May 2024 on an “evergreen” basis. 

Changes in liabilities from financing activities 
Current 
                                                                                                                                                                                 Non-current 
                                                                                                                                                                                      loans and 
loans and 
                                                                                                                                                                                   borrowings borrowings 
£000
                                                                                                                                                                                                £000

Lease 
liabilities  
£000 

Balance at 1 January 2023                                                                                                                                               –
Cash items: 
Repayment of bank loan and interest                                                                                                                           –
Payment of lease liabilities                                                                                                                                              –
Non-cash items: 
New lease liabilities (note 10)                                                                                                                                         –
Interest expense                                                                                                                                                                –
Re-classified from non-current to current in year                                                                                                       –

Balance at 31 December 2023                                                                                                                                           –

125

(128)
–

–
3
–

–

214 

– 
(155) 

641 
32 
– 

732 

 
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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  61

Financial statements

17 Interest-bearing loans and borrowings continued 
Current 
                                                                                                                                                                                 Non-current 
                                                                                                                                                                                      loans and 
loans and 
                                                                                                                                                                                   borrowings borrowings 
£000
                                                                                                                                                                                                £000

Lease 
liabilities  
£000 

Balance at 1 January 2022                                                                                                                                           125
Cash items: 
Repayment of bank loan and interest                                                                                                                           –
Payment of lease liabilities                                                                                                                                              –
Non-cash items: 
New lease liabilities (note 10)                                                                                                                                         –
Interest expense                                                                                                                                                                –
Re-classified from current to non-current in year                                                                                                 (125)

Balance at 31 December 2022                                                                                                                                        –

250

(256)
–

–
6
125

125

392 

– 
(272) 

70 
24 
– 

214 

18 Trade and other payables 

Non-current liabilities 
Amounts owed to group undertakings

Current liabilities 
Trade payables
Amounts owed to group undertakings
Contract liabilities
Non-trade payables and accrued expenses

Contract liabilities 

At 1 January
Amounts included in contract liabilities that were recognised as  
    revenue during the year
Cash received in advance of performance and not recognised  
    as revenue during the year

At 31 December

At 31 December 2023 contract liabilities of £727,000 relates to deferred income. 

2023 
£000

–

1,014
–
727
1,055

2,796

2023 
£000

671

Group

Company 

2022
£000

2023 
£000

2022 
£000 

–

1,086

1,018 

782
–
671
1,502

2,955

175
2,514
–
66

2,755

46 
1,533 
– 
171 

1,750 

Group

Company 

2022
£000

564

(613)

(564)

669

727

671

671

2023 
£000

2022 
£000 

–

–

–

–

– 

– 

– 

– 

No amounts included in current liabilities are expected to be settled in more than 12 months (2022: £nil). In both 2022 and 2023 amounts 
payable to group undertakings in current liabilities are due on demand but have no fixed repayment dates. 

The non-current amount payable to a group undertaking is formally agreed, attracts interest at The Bank of England Base rate plus 2.5% and 
is not repayable before 30 April 2024.

 
267856 Petards pp50-pp68.qxp  17/06/2024  17:44  Page 62

62  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

19 Employee benefits 
Defined contribution plans 
The Group operates defined contribution pension plans. 

The total expense relating to defined contribution plans in the current year was £169,000 (2022: £172,000). 

Share-based payments 
The Company has granted share options under its Enterprise Management Incentive Scheme (‘EMI Scheme’), and an Unapproved Share 
Option Scheme (‘Unapproved Scheme’). Options granted have a contractual life of ten years and are exercisable on the third anniversary 
from the date of grant. All options are to be settled by physical delivery of shares. 

The unexercised options at 31 December 2023 are stated below. 

Date of grant

Scheme

Jan 2016
Jan 2016
Jul 2017
Oct 2018
Oct 2018
Apr 2019

EMI Scheme
Unapproved Scheme
EMI Scheme
EMI Scheme
Unapproved Scheme
EMI Scheme

(1) 3 years from date of grant 

Exercise 
price
(pence)

12.25p
12.25p
29.00p
21.50p
21.50p
23.50p

Outstanding at beginning of the year
Forfeited/lapsed

Outstanding at the end of the year

Exercisable at the end of the year

Number of 
options granted

Vesting 
conditions

1,510,204
189,796
80,000
575,000
875,000
75,000

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

Exercise period 

Jan 2019 – Jan 2026 
Jan 2019 – Jan 2026 
Jul 2021 – Jul 2027 
Oct 2022 – Oct 2028 
Oct 2022 – Oct 2028 
Apr 2022 – Apr 2029 

2023

2022 

Weighted
average
exercise
price
£

0.144
0.08

0.17

0.17

Number of
shares

4,617,500
(1,312,500)

3,305,000

3,305,000

Number of
shares

4,617,500
–

4,617,500

4,617,500

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
£ 

0.144 
– 

0.144 

0.144 

The estimated fair value of the options ranges between 2.5p and 9.8p. These were calculated by applying the Black-Scholes option pricing 
model. The model inputs were the share price at the date of grant, the appropriate exercise price, expected volatility of 30.7% (2022: 30.7%) 
and a risk free interest rate of 0.8% (2022: 0.8%). It was assumed that option holders would exercise their options during the first year after the 
option vesting date. The volatility measured at the standard deviation of continuously compounded share returns is based on statistical 
analysis of daily share prices over the period of one year to the date of grant. 

The options outstanding at 31 December 2023 had exercise prices ranging from 12.25p to 29.00p and the weighted average remaining 
contractual life of the options was 3.3 years.  

The Group and Company recognised no expense in the year (2022: £1,000) in respect of equity settled share options. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  63

Financial statements

20 Share capital  

Number of shares in issue – allotted, called up and fully paid 
Ordinary shares of 1p each

Value of shares in issue – allotted, called up and fully paid 
Ordinary shares of 1p each

At

At 
31 December 31 December 
2022 
Number 

2023
Number

57,528,229

57,528,229 

£000

£000 

575

575 

The Company’s issued share capital comprises 57,528,229 ordinary shares of 1p each, of which 1,000,000 are held in treasury. Therefore, the 
total number of voting rights in the Company is 56,528,229. 

21 Treasury shares 

At 1 January
Acquired in the period

At 31 December

At 31 December 2023
Cost 
£000

Number of 
shares

At 31 December 2022 
Cost  
£000 

Number of 
shares

1,000,000
–

1,000,000

103
–

103

1,000,000
–

1,000,000

103 
– 

103 

22 Equity reserve 
The equity reserve relates to the fair value of the share options issued but not yet exercised in respect of the acquisition of Water Hall 
Group plc in 2013.  

23 Financial risk management 
The Group’s and Company’s policy is to maintain a strong capital base with a view to ensuring that entities within the Group will be able to 
continue as going concerns. 

The Group’s and Company’s principal financial instruments comprise short term debtors and creditors, short term bank deposits, cash, bank 
borrowings, leases and, when required, forward currency contracts and options. Neither the Group nor the Company trades in financial 
instruments but, where appropriate, uses derivative financial instruments in the form of forward foreign currency contracts and options to 
help manage foreign currency exposures. The prime objective of the Group’s and Company’s policy towards financial instruments is to 
manage their working capital requirements and finance their ongoing operations. 

Capital management 
The Group’s and Company’s policy is to maintain a strong capital base with a view to ensuring that entities within the Group will be able to 
continue as going concerns. The Group and Company finance their operations through retained earnings, cash resources, bank borrowings, 
share placings and the management of working capital. It is the intention to issue new shares when satisfying share based incentive schemes. 
Capital is defined as total equity as set out in the balance sheet. 

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64  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

23 Financial risk management continued 
Management of financial risk 
The main risks associated with the Group’s financial instruments have been identified as credit risk, liquidity risk and foreign currency risk. 
The main risks associated with the Company’s financial instruments have been identified as liquidity risk. The Board is responsible for managing 
these risks and the policies adopted, which have remained largely unchanged throughout the year. 

Credit risk 
The carrying amount of financial assets included in the balance sheet, which represents the maximum credit risk, and the headings in which 
they are included are as follows: 

Current assets 
Trade receivables
Other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents 

Group

Company 

2023
£000

2,104
219
1,241

3,564

2022
£000

1,957
82
2,016

4,055

2023
£000

–
–
604

604

2022 
£000 

– 
– 
129 

129 

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Group if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations 
and arises principally from the Group’s receivables from customers. The Group’s risk is influenced by the nature of its customers. The majority 
of sales are made to government agencies and blue chip companies. New customers are analysed for creditworthiness before the Group’s 
standard payment and delivery terms and conditions are offered and appropriate credit limits set. Customers that fail to meet the Group’s 
benchmark creditworthiness may transact with the Group only on a prepayment basis. The carrying amount of trade receivables in the 
balance sheet represents the maximum exposure to credit risk and further details are given in note 15 to the financial statements. The Board 
considers the Group’s exposure to credit risk to be acceptable and normal for an entity of its size given the industries in which it operates. 

The Company’s financial assets comprise amounts owed by group undertakings and the Board considers that there is no significant exposure 
to credit risk. 

Surplus cash balances are placed on short term deposit with UK banks. 

Interest rate risk 
The Group has financed its operations from its own cash resources and a bank loan originally drawn in 2018 for the acquisition of RTS Solutions 
(Holdings) Limited which was fully repaid in the year. The Group’s bank borrowings bear interest at The Bank of England’s bank rate plus 3.25%.  

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  65

Financial statements

23 Financial risk management continued 
The interest rate risk profile of the Group’s and Company’s interest bearing financial instruments was as follows: 

Interest rate risk profile of financial assets

Floating rate assets (by currency): 
Sterling
Euro
US dollar

Interest rate profile of financial liabilities 
Fixed rate liabilities (by currency): 
Sterling

Floating rate liabilities (by currency): 
Sterling

Group

Company 

2023
£000

1,228
13
–

1,241

136

–

2022
£000

2,015
–
1

2,016

214

215

2023
£000

604
–
–

604

–

–

2022 
£000 

129 
– 
– 

129 

– 

125 

The fixed rate financial liabilities comprise lease liabilities. 

While  the  Group  and  Company  have  access  to  an  overdraft  facility  which  carries  a  variable  interest  rate,  this  facility  was  undrawn  at 
31 December 2023, so the Group and Company are not exposed to interest rate risk on this facility. 

Liquidity risk 
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group and Company will not be able to access the necessary funds to finance their operations. Their own 
cash resources and bank borrowings are the predominant source of funds. Surplus cash is placed on short term deposit with UK banks. 

The Group manages its liquidity risk by monitoring existing facilities and cash flows against forecast requirements based on a rolling cash forecast. 

The carrying amount of financial liabilities included in the balance sheet and the headings in which they are included are as follows: 

Group

Company 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables
Lease liabilities
Bank loan
Amounts owed to group undertakings

Non-current liabilities 
Lease liabilities
Bank loan
Amounts owed to group undertakings

2023
£000

2,069
221
–
–

511
–
–

2022
£000

2,284
109
125
–

105
–
–

2,801

2,623

2023
£000

175
–
–
2,059

–
–
1,037

3,271

2022 
£000 

217 
– 
125 
1,372 

– 
– 
1,018 

2,732 

 
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66  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

23 Financial risk management continued 
The following are the contractual maturities of financial liabilities, including estimated interest payments and excluding the effect of netting 
agreements:  

Non-derivative financial liabilities 
Lease liabilities
Trade and other payables

Carrying
amount
£000

Contractual
cash flows
£000

732
2,069

860
2,069

2,929

2023 

1 year
or less
£000

275
2,069

2,344

1 to
<2 years
£000

2 to
<5 years
£000

5 years 
and over 
£000 

211
–

211

374
–

374

– 
– 

– 

The contractual cash flows include interest estimated at a rate of between 3.5% and 7.25%. 

Non-derivative financial liabilities 
Lease liabilities
Bank loan
Trade and other payables

Carrying
amount
£000

Contractual
cash flows
£000

214
125
2,284

238
128
2,284

2,650

2022 

1 year
or less
£000

123
128
2,284

2,535

1 to
<2 years
£000

2 to
<5 years
£000

5 years 
and over 
£000 

58
–
–

58

57
–
–

57

– 
– 
– 

– 

The directors consider that the carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities approximate their fair values. 

Foreign currency risk 
The Group is exposed to currency risk on purchases and occasionally on sales, that are denominated in a currency other than the respective 
functional currencies of Group entities. About 1 percent (2022: 3 percent) of the Group’s sales were to customers in Continental Europe and 
around 1 percent (2022: less than 1 percent) were to customers in the Rest of the World. These sales were priced in Pounds Sterling. The Group 
makes purchases in Pounds Sterling, Euros and US Dollars and the Group’s policy is to reduce currency exposures through, where appropriate, 
forward foreign currency contracts. 

Currency risk of financial assets and liabilities 
The Group also has non-structural currency exposures i.e., those exposures arising from sales and purchases by group companies in currencies 
other than that company’s functional currency. These exposures give rise to net currency gains/losses recognised in the income statement 
and represent monetary assets and liabilities of the Group that were not denominated in the functional currency of the company involved. 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  67

Financial statements

23 Financial risk management continued 
At 31 December 2023 and 2022 the exposures in this respect were trade receivables and payables and were as follows: 

Currency 
US dollar
Euro

2023
Receivables
£000

2023
Payables
£000

2022
Receivables
£000

2022 
Payables 
£000 

–
10

10

(33)
–

(33)

21
–

21

(53) 
(15) 

(68) 

In the opinion of the directors the business has no significant exposure to market risk arising from currency exchange or other price 
fluctuations at 31 December 2023 and it has therefore not been deemed necessary to include a sensitivity analysis. 

24 Lease expenses 

Short term lease expense
Low value lease expense

Group

Company 

2023
£000

32
2

34

2022
£000

22
4

26

2023
£000

20
–

20

2022 
£000 

20 
– 

20 

25 Capital commitments 
At 31 December 2023 had capital commitments totalling £51,000 (2022: £Nil). The Company had no such commitments (2022: none). 

26 Contingent liabilities 
At 31 December 2023 the Company has guaranteed the contract performance of subsidiary companies in respect of customer contracts 
which have yet to be completed amounting to £2,962,000 (2022: £7,328,000). 

27 Related party transactions 
Transactions/ balances with subsidiaries – Company 
During the year the Company provided administrative services to subsidiary undertakings totalling £1,240,000 (2022: £1,172,000). 

The balances due by subsidiaries at year end are shown in note 15 and comprised an amount owed by RTS Solutions (Holdings) Ltd of £200,000 
(2022: £200,000) and Petards-Joyce-Loebl Ltd of £255,000 (2022: £nil) 

The balances due to subsidiaries at the year end shown in note 18 comprised amounts owed to QRO Solutions Ltd of £1,280,000 (2022: £304,000), 
Water Hall Group plc £1,037,000 (2022: £1,018,000) and to RTS Solutions (UK) Ltd £1,234,000 (2022: £1,215,000). No amounts were due to Petards 
Joyce-Loebl Ltd (2022:£15,000). 

There is no ultimate controlling party of Petards Group plc. 

Transactions with directors – Group 
£5,000 was paid in the year to Adcel Limited, a company wholly controlled by P Negus, in respect of fees for the provision of consultancy 
services (note 4). There were no transactions with directors in 2022. 

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68  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notes (continued) 

(forming part of the financial statements)

27 Related party transactions continued 
Key management compensation 
Key management compensation comprises salaries, fees, bonuses, employer pension contributions, share based payment charges and 
employer social security costs. 

The key management of the Group are the directors and officers of Petards Group plc and their compensation is as follows: 

Salaries, fees, bonuses and other benefits
Employer pension contributions
Share based payment charges
Employer social security costs

Group 

2022 
£000 

437 
– 
4 
61 

502 

2023
£000

549
6
4
42

601

28 Exceptional costs 
During the year, exceptional costs totalling £656,000 were incurred (2022: nil) in respect of corporate activity and reorganisation costs.  
£579,000 related to legal and professional costs incurred in respect of a potential acquisition, which at the time these financial statements 
were approved by the Board of Directors, was in the advanced stages of being finalised.  Costs of £77,000 were concerning the reorganisation 
of the Group’s Rail business. 

 
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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  69

AGM and information 

Alternative performance measures glossary

This report provides alternative performance measures (“APMs”), which are not defined or specified under the requirements of International 
Financial Reporting Standards. The Board believes that these APMs provide management with useful performance measurement indicators 
and readers with important additional information on the business. 

Adjusted EBITDA 
Adjusted EBITDA is earnings before financial income and expenses, tax, depreciation, amortisation, exceptional items, acquisition costs and 
share based payment charges. Adjusted EBITDA is considered useful by the Board since by removing exceptional items, acquisition costs 
and share based payment charges, the year on year operational performance comparison is more comparable. 

Order intake 
The  value  of  contractual  orders  received  from  customers  during  any  period  for  the  delivery  of  performance  obligations. This  allows 
management to monitor the performance of the business.  

Order book 
The  value  of  contractual  orders  received  from  customers  yet  to  be  recognised  as  revenue. This  allows  management  to  monitor  the 
performance of the business and provides forward visibility of potential earnings. 

Net funds 
Total net funds comprises cash and cash equivalents less interest bearing loans and borrowings. This allows management to monitor the 
indebtedness of the Group.  

Current net funds 
Current net funds comprises cash and cash equivalents less current liabilities in respect of interest bearing loans and borrowings, excluding 
liabilities recognised on the adoption of IFRS 16 ‘Leases’. This allows management to monitor the short term indebtedness of the Group.

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70  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Directors, officers and advisors

Directors: 
Raschid Abdullah (Chairman) 
Osman Abdullah 
Terry Connolly FCA (resigned 31.12.2023) 
Paul Negus 
John Wakefield (appointed 01.02.2023) 
Geraint Davies (appointed 22.11.2023) 

Company Secretary: 
Ben Gillam CA 

Registered Office: 
32 London Road 
Guildford 
Surrey 
GU1 2AB 

Company Registration Number: 
02990100 

Independent Auditor: 
BDO LLP 
Arcadia House 
Maritime Walk 
Ocean Village 
Southampton 
SO14 3TL 

Bankers: 
Santander UK plc 
1 Dorset Street 
Southampton 
SO15 2DP 

Nominated Advisor & Joint Broker: 
WH Ireland Limited  
24 Martin Lane 
London 
EC4R 0DR 

Joint Broker 
Hybridan LLP 
1 Poultry 
London 
EC2R 8EJ 

Registrar: 
Share Registrars 
3, The Millennium Centre 
Crosby Way 
Farnham 
GU9 7XX 

Website: 
www.petards.com 

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Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  71

Financial statements

Notice of Annual General Meeting

Notice is hereby given that the 2024 Annual General Meeting of Petards Group plc (the “Company”) will be held at The County Club, 158 
High Street, Guildford, Surrey GU1 3HJ on 25 July 2024 at 11.00 a.m. 

The Meeting will deal with the following items: 

Ordinary Business 
1.

To receive and consider the audited accounts of the Company for the year ended 31 December 2023 together with the directors’ 
report and the auditor’s report.  

2.

3.

4.

5.

That Paul Negus, who retires by rotation, be re-elected as a director of the Company. 

That Geraint Davies, having been appointed as a director since the last Annual General Meeting be elected as a director. 

To re-appoint BDO LLP as auditor to hold office from the conclusion of the meeting until the conclusion of the next general meeting 
at which the accounts are laid before the Company.  

Subject to resolution 4 being approved, to authorise the directors to fix the auditor’s remuneration. 

Special Business 
To consider and, if thought fit, pass the following resolutions of which resolution number 6 shall be passed as an ordinary resolution and 
resolution numbers 7 and 8 shall be passed as special resolutions: 

6.

7.

That, in substitution for all existing authorities, to the extent unused, and pursuant to section 551 of the Companies Act 2006 (the “Act”) 
the directors of the Company be and they are hereby generally and unconditionally authorised to exercise all the powers of the 
Company to allot shares in the Company or to grant rights to subscribe for or convert any security into shares in the Company up to 
an aggregate nominal amount of £200,327 (being approximately 33% of the present issued ordinary share capital of the Company) 
provided that this authority shall, unless renewed, varied or revoked, expire on the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting of the 
Company to be held in 2025, save that the directors be and they are hereby entitled, as contemplated by section 551(7) of the Act, to 
make at any time prior to the expiry of such authority any offer or agreement which would or might require shares to be allotted or 
rights to subscribe for or convert securities into shares to be granted after the expiry of such authority and the directors may allot 
shares or grant rights to subscribe for or convert securities into shares in pursuance of such an offer or agreement as if the authority 
conferred hereby had not expired. 

That, subject to and conditional on resolution 6 above being duly passed, the directors of the Company be and they are hereby 
empowered pursuant to section 570 of the Act to allot equity securities (within the meaning of section 560 of the Act) in the capital 
of the Company for cash pursuant to the authority conferred by resolution 6 above as if section 561(1) of the Act did not apply to such 
allotment, provided that this power shall be limited to the allotment of equity securities: 

(A)      in connection with an offer of such securities by way of rights, or other pre-emptive offer, to holders of ordinary shares in 
proportion (as nearly as may be practicable) to their respective holdings of such shares, but subject to such exclusions or other 
arrangements as the directors may deem necessary or expedient in relation to fractional entitlements or any legal or practical 
problems under the laws of any relevant territory, or the requirements of any regulatory body or stock exchange; and 

(B)       otherwise than pursuant to (a) above up to a maximum aggregate nominal amount of £91,058 (being approximately 15% of 

the present issued ordinary share capital of the Company): 

provided that such power shall expire at the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting of the Company to be held in 2025, save that 
the Company may make an offer or agreement prior to such expiry which would or might require equity securities to be allotted after 
the expiry of such power, and the directors may allot equity securities in pursuance of that offer or agreement as if such power had 
not expired. 

8.

That the Company be and is hereby generally and unconditionally authorised for the purposes of section 701 of the Act to make one 
or more market purchases (within the meaning of section 693(4) of the 2006 Act) of ordinary shares of 1p each of the Company 
provided that: 

(A)      the maximum number of ordinary shares authorised to be purchased is 6,070,504 (representing 10 per cent of the Company’s 

issued ordinary share capital as at 13 June 2024; 

(B)       the minimum price which may be paid for an ordinary share is 1 pence (exclusive of expenses); 

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72  |  Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023

Notice of Annual General Meeting  (continued)

(C)      the maximum price (exclusive of expenses) which may be paid for an ordinary share is an amount equal to 5 per cent above the 
average of the middle market quotations for an ordinary share as derived from the London Stock Exchange for the 5 business 
days immediately preceding the date on which the ordinary share is contracted to be purchased; 

(D)      unless previously received, varied, or revoked, the authority hereby conferred shall expire at the conclusion of the Company’s 

Annual General Meeting to be held in 2025; and 

(E)       the Company may make a contract to purchase ordinary shares under the authority hereby conferred prior to the expiry of such 
authority which will or may be executed wholly or partly after the expiry of such authority and may make a purchase of ordinary 
shares pursuant to any such contract. 

BY ORDER OF THE BOARD  

Ben Gillam 

Company Secretary  

14 June 2024 

Registered Office:

Company Number:  02990100 

Notes: 

Parallel House 
32 London Road 
Guildford 
Surrey 
GU1 2AB 

1.       Pursuant to Part 13 of the Act and paragraph 18(c) of the Companies Act 2006 (Consequential Amendments) (Uncertificated Securities) Order 2009, only those members 
registered in the register of members of the Company at 11.00 a.m. on 23 July 2024 (or if the AGM is adjourned, 48 hours, excluding non-working days, before the date fixed for 
the adjourned AGM) shall be entitled to attend and vote at the AGM in respect of the number of shares registered in their name at that time. Any changes to the register of 
members after such time shall be disregarded in determining the rights of any person to attend or vote at the AGM.  

2.       Members who wish to attend the AGM in person should ensure that they arrive at the venue for the AGM in good time before the commencement of the meeting. Members 

may be asked to provide proof of identity in order to gain admission to the AGM. 

3.       A member who is entitled to attend, speak and vote at the AGM may appoint a proxy to attend, speak and vote instead of him. A member may appoint more than one proxy 
provided each proxy is appointed to exercise rights attached to different shares (so a member must have more than one share to be able to appoint more than one proxy). A 
proxy need not be a member of the Company but must attend the AGM in order to represent you. A proxy must vote in accordance with any instructions given by the member 
by whom the proxy is appointed. Appointing a proxy will not prevent a member from attending in person and voting at the AGM (although voting in person at the AGM will 
terminate the proxy appointment). 

4.       You can register your vote(s) for the Annual General Meeting either: 

•        by visiting www.shareregistrars.uk.com, clicking on the “Proxy Vote” button and then following the on-screen instructions (you can locate your user name and access code 

on the top of the proxy form); 

•        by post or by hand to Share Registrars Limited, 3 The Millennium Centre, Crosby Way, Farnham, Surrey GU9 7XX using the proxy form accompanying this notice; 

•        in the case of CREST members, by utilising the CREST electronic proxy appointment service in accordance with the procedures set out in note 10 below. 

In order for a proxy appointment to be valid the proxy must be received by Share Registrars Limited by 11.00 a.m. on 23 July 2024. 

5.       A form of proxy accompanies this document. The notes to the proxy form include instructions on how to appoint the Chairman of the AGM as a proxy and should be followed 

carefully. 

6.       To be valid, a proxy form, and the original or duly certified copy of the power of attorney or other authority (if any) under which it is signed or authenticated, should reach the 

Company’s registrar, Share Registrars Limited, 3 The Millennium Centre, Crosby Way, Farnham, Surrey GU9 7XX, by no later than 11.00 a.m. on 23 July 2024. 

7.       If a member returns more than one proxy form, either by paper or electronic communication, the appointment received last by the Registrar before the latest time for the 

receipt of proxies will take precedence.  

8.       In the case of joint holders of shares, the vote of the first named in the register of members who tenders a vote shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of other joint 

holders.   

9.       A member that is a company or other organisation not having a physical presence cannot attend in person but can appoint someone to represent it. This can be done by the 

appointment of a proxy (described in Notes 3 to 7 above). 

267856 Petards pp69-end new.qxp  17/06/2024  17:45  Page 73

Petards Group plc  Annual report and financial statements 2023  |  73

Financial statements

10.    In order for a proxy appointment made by means of CREST to be valid, the appropriate CREST message (a “CREST Proxy Instruction”) must be properly authenticated in 
accordance with Euroclear UK & International Limited’s specifications and must contain the information required for such instructions, as described in the CREST Manual.  The 
message must be transmitted so as to be received by Share Registrars (ID 7RA36) no later than 48 hours, excluding non-working days, before the time fixed for the AGM.  For 
this purpose, the time of receipt will be taken to be the time (as determined by the timestamp applied to the message by the CREST Applications Host) from which Share 
Registrars is able to retrieve the message by enquiry to CREST. After this time any change of instructions to proxies appointed through CREST should be communicated to the 
appointee through other means. Euroclear UK & International Limited does not make available special procedures in CREST for any particular messages and normal system 
timings and limitations will apply in relation to the input of a CREST Proxy Instruction.  It is the responsibility of the CREST member concerned to take such action as shall be 
necessary to ensure that a message is transmitted by means of the CREST System by any particular time. The Company may treat as invalid a CREST Proxy Instruction in the 
circumstances set out in Regulation 35(5)(a) of the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001.   

Introduction

During 2023 Petards’ operations continued to be focused upon the development, supply and 
maintenance of technologies used in advanced security, surveillance and ruggedized electronic 
applications, the main markets for which are: 

Rail – software driven video and other sensing systems for on-train applications sold under the 
eyeTrain brand to global train builders, integrators and rail operators, and web-based real-time 
safety critical integrated software applications supporting the UK rail network infrastructure sold 
under the RTS brand; 

Traffic –Automatic Number Plate Recognition (“ANPR”) systems for lane and speed enforcement 
and other applications, and UK Home Office approved mobile speed enforcement systems, sold 
under the QRO and ProVida brands to UK and overseas law enforcement agencies and commercial 
customers; and 

Defence – engineering services relating to electronic countermeasure protection systems, threat 
simulation  systems,  mobile  radio  systems,  and  other  defence  related  equipment  sold 
predominantly to the UK Ministry of Defence (“MOD”).  

Contents 

23 Independent auditor’s report to the members of 

Financial and operational highlights 

1
2 Chairman’s statement 
Strategic report 
4
10 Chairman’s corporate governance statement 
17 Directors’ remuneration report 
19 Directors’ report 
22 Statement of directors’ responsibilities in respect 
of the annual report and the financial statements 

Petards Group plc 

31 Consolidated income statement 
32 Statements of changes in equity 
33 Balance sheets 
34 Statements of cash flows 
35 Notes 
69 Alternative performance measures glossary 
70 Directors, officers and advisors 
71 Notice of Annual General Meeting 

Perivan.com 
267856

 
 
Annual report and financial statements 
31 December 2023

Petards Group plc 

Registered number 2990100

Petards
Group plc

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Petards
Group plc

Parallel House, 32 London Road, Guildford, GU1 2AB, United Kingdom 
Tel: +44 (0) 1483 230345 

www.petards.com