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FY2010 Annual Report · Pyxis Tankers
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Provexis plc 

Annual report and accounts 2010 

Company number 05102907 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contents 

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58 

Corporate statement 
Key highlights 
Chairman’s statement 
Chief Executive’s statement 
Directors’ report – financial review 
Directors’ report – business overview 
Directors’ report – remuneration report 
Independent auditor’s report 
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 
Consolidated statement of financial position 
Consolidated statement of cash flows 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
Parent company balance sheet 
Notes to the parent company financial statements 
Company information 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate statement 

The  Provexis  strategy  is  the  discovery,  development  and  licensing  of  scientifically-proven  functional  food, 
medical food and dietary supplement technologies, with five areas of focus: 

•  Collaborating with leading research institutes to identify and develop proprietary technologies 

•  Developing credible scientific proof to demonstrate efficacy and support product claims 

•  Gaining regulatory and safety clearances in relevant global markets 

• 

Implementing global IP strategies, underpinned by strong patent portfolios 

•  Commercialising  technologies  through  collaboration  and  licensing  with  global  brand  owners  and 

ingredients corporations. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key highlights 

Long-term  Alliance  Agreement  with  DSM  Nutritional  Products  to  commercialise  Fruitflow®  heart-health 
technology in all major global markets, in existing formats and pioneering new and significant applications. 

Significant  funding  secured  during  the  period  to  advance  product  pipeline  and  support  potential 
acquisitions: 

•  £7.1m, before costs, from two share placings 
•  Equity Financing Facility with Evolution Securities of up to £25m 

Fruitflow®  gained  first  ever  Article  13(5)  health  claim  approval  from  the  European  Commission, 
authorising the use of “Helps maintain normal platelet aggregation, which contributes to healthy blood 
flow.” 

Clinical trial for NSP#3G for Crohn’s disease patients commenced in December 2009. 

Long-term  collaboration  with  Institute  of  Food  Research  commenced  in  April  2010  to  commercialise 
novel  extracts  for  the  reduction  of  cardiovascular  inflammation  and  the  reduction  of  risk  of  certain 
cancers. 

Key financial results 
Loss attributable to owners of the parent £1,648,180 (2009: £4,570,506). 

Cash balance £7,049,134 (2009: £1,678,263). 

Loss per share 0.18p (2009: 0.71p). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman’s statement 

The year saw strong progress from the Company, with its first major commercial agreement signed and 
a substantial strengthening of its balance sheet. 

Today  we announced a  long-term Alliance Agreement for our Fruitflow® heart-health  technology  with 
our strategic partner DSM Nutritional Products. This agreement will see the partners collaborate on the 
development of Fruitflow® in all major global markets, with DSM bringing technical, manufacturing and 
marketing expertise, together with global selling scale. The partners will share profits from the Alliance 
on an agreed basis. 

We raised £7.1m (before costs) of new capital in September and December 2009, which substantially 
strengthened  our  balance  sheet  and,  in  addition,  in  March  2010  we  entered  into  an  Equity  Financing 
Facility of up to £25m to give flexibility in our funding options. 

The  Board  and  executive  team  are  working  to  identify  acquisitions  that  will  further  strengthen  the 
business  given  the  access  to  the  funding  in  place.  We  are  assessing  both  revenue-generating 
businesses in the consumer healthcare area and new technology candidates for our pipeline. 

We  made  very  strong  progress  on  the  regulatory  and  research  fronts.  Indeed,  gaining  the  first  ever 
Article 13(5) health claim approval from the EC for our Fruitflow® technology, was a major milestone. 
We have now commenced the clinical trial for our NSP#3G technology for Crohn’s disease and intend 
to  report  on  progress  later  in  the  year.  In  addition,  we  added  an  important  new  technology  for  the 
reduction  of  cardiovascular  inflammation  to  our  pipeline  as  part  of  a  long-term  collaboration  with  the 
renowned Institute of Food Research. 

We  believe  that  we  are  well  positioned  to  take  advantage  of  opportunities  in  the  functional  food  and 
dietary supplement sectors, given our proven scientific and regulatory capability. With medical foods in 
strong growth, the team will bring focus to bear on pipeline technologies to serve this sector. 

On  behalf  of  the  Board  I  would  like  to  thank  our  staff  and  scientific  advisors  for  their  expertise, 
dedication and commitment throughout the year. 

Dawson Buck 
Chairman 
1 June 2010 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chief Executive’s statement 

Strategy 
This  was  a  year  of  important  progress  in  a  number  of  areas  which  positions  the  Company  strongly  to 
capitalise on opportunities in the coming year. The two key events during the year were the first commercial 
deal  for  our  lead  Fruitflow®  heart-health  technology  and  a  substantial  strengthening  of  our  balance  sheet. 
We completed  two  fund-raisings  in  September  and  December  2009,  raising  £7.1m  in  total  before  costs.  In 
March we signed an Equity Financing Facility of up to £25m with Evolution Securities Ltd via its appointed 
representative,  Darwin Capital,  which  together  with our cash reserves  gives us  flexibility  in funding options 
for seeking growth opportunities. 

The Company continues to execute its strategy of discovery, development and licensing of functional foods, 
medical  foods  and  dietary  supplements.  To  this  end,  with  a  commercial  deal  in  place  and  a  second 
technology in clinical trial, the executive team is seeking to extend the Company’s growth platform through 
the acquisition of a revenue generating business in the consumer healthcare area and through acquisitions 
of novel pipeline technologies. Accordingly, the Company is in exploratory talks with a number of targets. 

With a growing product pipeline, we continue to strengthen our R&D operations to ensure that we can quickly 
take advantage of existing and new technology opportunities. As part of this process, we are expanding our 
presence in the North West of England and have recently moved into a new laboratory facility in Liverpool, 
focused  on  gastrointestinal  health.  We  have  appointed  an  experienced  R&D  Director  to  develop  this  new 
facility and intend to strengthen the scientific team further. Our existing facility at the University of Aberdeen 
will maintain its focus on cardiovascular health. 

The  functional  food  sector  continues  to  be  somewhat  fragile,  given  the  increased  regulatory  burden  in 
relation  to  health  claims,  which  is  causing  uncertainty  across  the  industry.  This,  together  with  the  still 
tentative approach to innovation by major brand owners as a result of economic factors and the regulatory 
issues,  leads  us  to  maintain  our  cautious  outlook.  Saying  that,  we  believe  that  we  have  sufficiently  strong 
foundations in place together with our proven scientific and regulatory capability, to ensure that we continue 
to make progress.  

The  medical  food  sector  is  looking  increasingly  robust  on  a  short  and  long-term  view  thereby  steering  us 
towards accelerating technology products in this sector. 

Fruitflow® 
Today  we  announced  a  long-term  Alliance  Agreement  with  DSM  Nutritional  Products,  which  will  see  the 
partners collaborate to develop Fruitflow® in all major global markets, through an effective commercialisation 
of  current  formats  and  pioneering  new  and  significant  applications.  DSM  will  be  responsible  for: 
manufacturing;  marketing;  and  selling  via  its  substantial  sales  force.  Provexis  will  be  responsible  for 
contributing scientific expertise necessary for successful commercialisation. Profits from the Alliance will be 
shared  by  the  parties  on  an  agreed  basis,  linked  to  various  performance  milestones.  All  other  commercial 
terms of the Alliance remain confidential between the two parties. We are currently developing with DSM a 
launch plan to market Fruitflow® worldwide for application in both food and dietary supplement formats. 

Fruitflow®  enjoyed  significant  acclaim  during  the  year.  In  May  2009  Fruitflow®  became  the  first  product  to 
receive  scientific  approval  from  the  European  Food  Safety  Authority  under  Article  13(5)  of  Regulation  EC 
1924/2006 for proprietary  and emerging science. In  December 2009 the European Commission authorised 
the  health  claim  “Helps  maintain  normal  platelet  aggregation,  which  contributes  to  healthy  blood  flow”. 
Fruitflow® continues to be the only product to receive Article 13(5) approval to date. 

In  March  2010,  we  announced  the  headline  results  of  a  human  trial  comparing  the  effects  of  Fruitflow®  to 
aspirin. The results were positive, with Fruitflow® showing a reduction in platelet aggregation of up to 30% in 
each  of  three  different  biological  pathways,  while  aspirin  caused  up  to  60%  reduction  predominantly  in  a 
single pathway. There were no negative interactions. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

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Chief Executive’s statement continued 

Fruitflow® (continued) 
As  to  existing  use  of  Fruitflow®,  Multiple  Marketing,  owners  of  the  Sirco  juice  brand  which  contains 
Fruitflow®,  continue  to  market  and  sell  the  product  in  major  multiple  and  high  street  outlets  in  the  UK, 
including Waitrose and Holland & Barratt. As well as a one-litre pack, a 250ml pack suitable for high street 
and convenience outlets will be launched in the coming year. Provexis receives royalties from sales of Sirco, 
although these are non-material at this stage in the development of the brand. 

NSP#3G 
The  first  20  patients  (of  a  total  target  of  72)  are  now  in  clinical  trials  to  establish  the  effectiveness  of  an 
NSP#3G medical food format in keeping Crohn’s disease in remission. The trial is running in two centres in 
the  North  West  of  England  and  we  are  seeking  to  extend  into  two  further  centres  in  the  UK  in  order  to 
accelerate the trial.  

The market for Crohn’s disease products is forecast to be worth $1.7bn by 2013 and the medical food market 
is in strong growth, led by Abbott, Nestlé and Danone. Once recruited, each patient’s participation in the trial 
is scheduled to run for 12 months and estimated completion is in mid-2011, with an update on progress later 
in 2010. The Company  intends to commence commercial discussions with  potential partners by the end of 
2010. 

With investment in the team and facilities in  our Liverpool  operation, the team will be accelerating  work on 
the  potential  NSP#3G  application  for  the  prevention  and  treatment  of  significant  pathogens  including 
C.difficile, the so-called hospital ‘super bug’.  

Isothiocyanates 
The  Company  announced  on  26  April  2010  a  long-term  collaboration  with  the  Institute  of  Food  Research 
(“IFR”).  Provexis  has  been  granted  exclusive  access  to  a  portfolio  of  potentially  high-value  intellectual 
property  related  to  the  treatment  and  reduction  of  systemic  inflammation,  from  which  it  intends  to  develop 
commercial products. 

Professor Richard Mithen of IFR has developed a substantial body of work over twenty years in the area of 
isothiocyanates  for  the  reduction  of  risk  of certain  major  cancers.  More  recent  work,  some  in  collaboration 
with Provexis, has led to the discovery of a broader effect in other areas of systemic inflammation, including 
cardiovascular inflammation. 

The  partners  will  collaborate  to  develop  the  science,  with  major  areas  including  clinical  trials,  extract 
development,  further  IP  development,  regulatory  clearances  and  commercialisation.  The  first  phase  of  the 
project gives Provexis the exclusive option to license the technology and if successful in this phase, Provexis 
intend to fully in-license the technology rights. 

Initially the Company, supported by IFR’s substantial research, will focus on developing commercial products 
targeting  the  reduction  of  cardiovascular  inflammation.  A  longer-term  objective  is  to  develop  technologies 
designed to mitigate the risk of certain major cancers. 

Pipeline 
We  are  collaborating  with  our  strategic  partner  DSM  Nutritional  Products  to  establish  if  there  are  further 
candidates within DSM’s portfolio that may provide a good fit with our strategic goals and where we can use 
our scientific and regulatory expertise to accelerate technologies to commercial readiness. 

The  option  to  license  Helicobacter  pylori  intellectual  property  from  the  University  of  Manchester  will  not  be 
extended after reaching an amicable termination agreement with the University. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

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Chief Executive’s statement continued 

Outlook 
The  coming  year  looks  promising  as  we  focus  on  three  major  goals:  a  successful  commercial  launch  of 
Fruitflow®  with  our  strategic  partner  DSM;  progressing  our  NSP#3G  technology  through  clinical  trial  and 
exploratory  commercial  discussions  and;  strengthening  the  business  by  acquisition  of  appropriate 
businesses or technologies.  

We  believe  that  our  operating  environment  will  continue  to  be  challenging  in  the  year  ahead,  given  the 
tightening food regulation framework and the still tentative approach to innovation by brand owners. However 
we  are  well  positioned  to  overcome  these  challenges  via  our  collaborations  with  other  parties,  diversity  of 
activities and demonstrable commercial abilities. 

Stephen Moon 
Chief Executive 
1 June 2010 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

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Directors’ report – financial review 

International Financial Reporting Standards 
The Financial Review should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes 
to the financial statements set out on pages 24 to 51. 

The  Group  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards,  International  Accounting  Standards  and  Interpretations  (collectively  IFRS)  issued  by  the 
International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) as adopted by the European Union (“adopted IFRS”) and 
those parts of the Companies Act 2006 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. 

The  financial  statements  of  the  Company  continue  to  be  prepared  in  accordance  with  United  Kingdom 
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (“UK GAAP”) and are set out on pages 52 to 57. 

Revenue and grant income 
Revenue for the year ended 31 March 2010 was £14,767 (2009: £5,400). 

Grant  income  for  the  year  ended  31  March  2010  was  £80,000  (2009:  £20,000),  being  the  final  part  of  a 
£100,000 grant which was awarded to the Group in January 2009 by The Northwest Regional Development 
Agency (NWDA). 

Research and development costs 
Research  and  development  (“R&D”)  costs  for  the  year  ended  31  March  2010  were  £718,468  (2009: 
£651,301), including £20,646 capitalised under IAS 38 (2009: £16,690), reflecting an increase in R&D activity 
for the Fruitflow® project, and the commencement of the clinical trial for the Group's NSP#3G technology for 
Crohn’s disease. 

R&D  expenditure  comprises  in-house  costs  (staff,  R&D  consumables,  intellectual  property,  facilities  and 
depreciation  of  R&D  assets)  and  external  costs  (preclinical  studies,  manufacturing,  regulatory  affairs  and 
clinical trials). 

The Group’s R&D team continues to research further claim areas for the Group’s technologies. 

The Group aims to achieve cost effective research and development and to bring products to market through 
licensing partners as soon as is practicable. 

Administrative costs 
Administrative costs for the year relating to continuing operations were £1,184,859 (2009: £967,111), which 
includes  a  share-based  payment  charge  of  £225,909  (2009:  £112,630).  Net  of  the  share-based  payment 
charge administrative costs for the year were £958,950, a £104,469 increase from the net £854,481 incurred 
in 2009. 

The Group’s cost base and its resources have been and will continue to be tightly managed. 

Taxation 
A research and development tax credit of £54,408 (2009: £50,000) in respect of research and development 
expenditure incurred has been recognised in the financial statements and is shown as a debtor at 31 March 
2010. 

Losses and dividends 
The loss for the year ended 31 March 2010 was £1,648,180 (2009: £4,570,506) and the loss per share from 
continuing operations was 0.18p (2009: 0.71p). 

The  adjusted  overall  loss  for  the  year  ended  31  March  2009,  net  of  the  £3,099,328  non-cash  goodwill 
impairment charge, was £1,471,178 and the adjusted loss per share net of goodwill impairment, was 0.23p. 

The directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend (2009: £Nil). 

Financial instruments 
Information about the use of financial instruments by the Group is disclosed in notes 1 and 2. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – financial review continued 

Capital structure and funding 
The group is funded entirely by equity funding. 

On  30  September  2009  the  Company  raised  £1.024m  gross  from  the  first  tranche  of  a  £5.0m  gross  new 
share subscription to provide working capital and funding for pipeline development. The net proceeds of the 
first tranche of the share subscription were £0.956m after share issue costs. 

On 16 October 2009 the Company raised £3.976m gross from the second tranche of the £5.0m gross new 
share  subscription.  The  net  proceeds  of  the  second  tranche  of  the  share  subscription  were  £3.793m  after 
share issue costs. 

The £5.0m gross subscription involved the issue of 200,000,000 new ordinary shares at 2.5p per share. Full 
details of the subscription were provided in a circular to shareholders on 28 September 2009. The circular is 
available to download from the Company’s website www.provexis.com. 

On 3 December 2009 the Company announced that it proposed to raise up to a further £2.130m gross from 
an open offer to shareholders, with an excess application facility, involving the issue of up to 85,211,664 new 
ordinary shares at 2.5p per share. Full details of the open offer were provided in a circular to shareholders on 
3 December 2009, which is available to download from the Company’s website www.provexis.com. 

On 22 December 2009 the Company announced that: 
•  Qualifying  shareholders  had  applied  for  48,335,151  open  offer  shares  under  their  basic  pro  rata 

entitlement, representing 56.7 per cent. of the total number of offer shares available; 

•  The  number  of  open  offer  shares  applied  for  by  qualifying  shareholders  under  the  excess  application 
facility amounted to 336,326,065 shares, which meant that excess applications had to be scaled back on 
a pro rata basis, in proportion to the total number of excess shares applied for. The Company therefore 
issued 36,876,513 open offer shares under the excess application facility. 

The net proceeds of the open offer were £1.980m after share issue costs. 

On 31 March 2010 the Company announced that it had secured a 3 year Equity Financing Facility of up to 
£25m  (the  “EFF”)  with  Evolution  Securities  Limited  (“Evolution”).  The  EFF  has  been  arranged  by  Darwin 
Strategic Limited (“Darwin”), an appointed representative of Evolution. 

The EFF agreement, which is dated 30 March 2010, provides the Company with a facility which (subject to 
certain limited restrictions) can be drawn down at any time over the 3 years ending on 29 March 2013. The 
timing and amount of any draw down is at the discretion of Provexis. Provexis is under no obligation to make 
a draw down and may make as many draw downs as its wishes, up to the total value of the EFF, by way of 
issuing subscription notices to Evolution. Following delivery of a subscription notice, Evolution will subscribe 
and Provexis will allot to Evolution new ordinary shares of 0.1p each (“Ordinary Shares”). 

The subscription price for any Ordinary Shares to be subscribed by Evolution under a subscription notice will 
be  at  a  7.5%  discount  to  an  agreed  reference  price  determined  during  5,  10  or  15  trading  days  following 
delivery of a subscription notice (the “Pricing Period”). The length of the Pricing Period is at the discretion of 
Provexis  and  is  set  at  each  relevant  subscription  notice.  Provexis  is  also  obliged  to  specify  in  each 
subscription notice a minimum price below which Ordinary Shares will not be issued. 

In  consideration  of  Evolution  agreeing  to  provide  the  EFF  the  Company  has  entered  into  a  warrant 
agreement  dated  30  March  2010  for  the  grant  to  Evolution  of  warrants  to  subscribe  for  up  to  ten  million 
Ordinary Shares, such warrants to be exercisable at a price of 20 pence per share and to be exercisable at 
any time prior to the expiry of 36 months following the date of the warrant agreement. 

The  Directors  are  of  the  opinion  that  at  1  June  2010,  the  Company's  liquidity  and  capital  resources  are 
adequate to deliver the current strategic objectives and 2010/11 business plan and that the Company meets 
going concern criteria. See also note 1 to the consolidated financial statements on page 28. 

Cash at bank at 31 March 2010 was £7,049,134 (31 March 2009: £1,678,263). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

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Directors’ report – business overview  

Principal activities 
Provexis  plc  is  a  life  sciences-driven  enterprise  that  discovers,  develops  and  licenses  scientifically-proven 
technologies for the global functional food, medical food and dietary supplement sectors. 

Provexis  plc  has  two  wholly  owned  subsidiaries,  Provexis  Nutrition  Limited  (“PNL”)  and  Provexis  Natural 
Products Limited (“PNP”) each of which is registered in England and Wales. Provexis plc also owns 75% of 
Provexis (IBD) Limited (“IBD”) which is also registered in England and Wales. 

Group strategy 
The  Provexis  strategy  is  the  discovery,  development  and  licensing  of  functional  food,  medical  food  and 
dietary supplement technologies, with five areas of focus: 

•  Collaborating with leading research institutes to identify and develop proprietary technologies 

•  Developing credible scientific proof to demonstrate efficacy and support product claims 

•  Gaining regulatory and safety clearances in relevant global markets 

• 

Implementing global IP strategies, underpinned by strong patent portfolios 

•  Commercialising  technologies  through  collaboration  and  licensing  with  global  brand  owners  and 

ingredients corporations. 

Review of the performance of the business and future developments 
The  Chairman’s  Statement  on  page  5,  the  Chief  Executive’s  Statement  on  pages  6  to  8  and  the  Financial 
Review  on  pages  9  and  10  report  on  the  Group’s  performance  during  the  year  ended  31  March  2010, 
its position at that date and its likely future development. 

Key performance indicators 
The executive management and Directors utilise a balanced scorecard of key activities including R&D project 
progress,  commercial  milestones  and  regulatory  activities  to  monitor  and  measure  the  performance  of  the 
business.  These  are  measures  of  the  progress  of  the  business  towards  its  strategic  target  of  revenue 
generation  and  profitability,  and  are  considered  by  the  Board  to  be  the  key  non-financial  performance 
indicators  used  to  determine  achievement  of  Group  strategy  and  are  discussed  in  the  Chief  Executive’s 
statement. The balanced scorecard is reviewed regularly by the executive team and the Directors. 

The  Directors  consider  Group  cash  and  the  absolute  values  of,  and  the  ratio  between,  research  and 
development costs and other administrative overhead costs as being the Group’s key financial performance 
indicators. The cost related indicators assist in monitoring financial control to reduce the hurdle to achieving 
the key future financial milestone of monthly break-even. The monitoring of cash gives due consideration to 
anticipated future spend required to prioritise development opportunities and to plan the resources required 
to achieve the goals of the business. 

The table below shows the Group’s cash position at 31 March 2010 and 31 March 2009: 

Cash at bank and in hand 

31 March  
2010 
£ 

7,049,134 
7,049,134 

31 March 
2009 
£ 

1,678,263 
1,678,263 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – business overview continued 

Key performance indicators (continued) 
The table below shows the Group’s R&D ratio for the two years ended 31 March 2010. The R&D ratio is the 
percentage of research and development costs relative to total operating expenses. 

Research and development costs 
Administrative costs before goodwill impairment 
Total operating costs before goodwill impairment 
R&D ratio 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

697,822 
1,184,859 
1,882,681 
37% 

31 March 
2009 
£ 

634,611 
967,111 
1,601,722 
40% 

The decrease in the R&D  ratio for the  year is primarily due to an increase of £113,279 in the  share-based 
payment charge, a constituent part of administrative costs, which rose from £112,630 in 2009 to £225,909 in 
2010. 

Post balance sheet events 
On  1  June  2010  the  Company  announced  a  long-term  Alliance  Agreement  with  DSM  Nutritional  Products, 
which will see the Company collaborate with DSM to develop Fruitflow® in all major global markets. DSM will 
invest  substantially  in  the  manufacture,  technology  development,  marketing  and  sale  of  Fruitflow®  in  the 
coming  years.  Provexis  will  continue  to  contribute  scientific  expertise  and  will  collaborate  in  areas  such  as 
cost of goods optimisation and regulatory matters. The financial model is based upon the division of profits 
between  the two partners  on an agreed basis, linked to certain revenue targets, following the  deduction of 
the  cost  of  goods  and  a  fixed  level  of  overhead  from  sales.  The  Company  is  working  closely  with  DSM  in 
various areas related to launch planning. 

See also note 23 to the consolidated financial statements on page 51. 

Principal risks and uncertainties 
The Directors consider that the key risks of the Group are as set out below: 

The Group’s success will depend in part on its ability to obtain and maintain rigorous patent protection for its 
technologies both in the UK and internationally. The Group cannot give definitive assurance that pending or 
future  patent  applications  will  be  granted  or  that  patents  granted  will  not  be  challenged,  invalidated  or 
held unenforceable. 

The  Group  cannot  assure  that  its  intellectual  property  rights  are  sufficiently  broad  to  prevent  third  parties 
from  producing  competing  functional  food,  medical  food  and  dietary  supplement  technologies  similar  in 
nature  to  its  own.  The  Group  also  relies  on  protection  of  trade  secrets,  know-how  and  confidential  and 
proprietary  information. To mitigate this, the Group enters into non-disclosure agreements with employees, 
consultants  and  prospective  commercial  partners  but  cannot  assure  that  such  agreements  will  provide 
complete safeguards against unauthorised disclosure of confidential information. 

The  Group’s  commercial  success  will  also  depend  in  part  on  avoiding  infringement  of  other  third  parties’ 
patents or proprietary rights and the breach of any licences in connection with the pursuit of its technologies. 
Management is of the opinion that it does not infringe third parties’ patents or other rights and is not aware of 
any such infringements but cannot assure that it will not be found in the future to infringe such rights. 

The  Group  has  a  limited  pipeline  of  new  technologies  and  new  indications  for  technologies  already  in 
development.  As  a  result  of  regulatory  and  competitive  uncertainties  and  the  unpredictability  of  successful 
outcomes  to  new  research  and  development,  the  Group  cannot  provide  assurance  that  it  will  be  able  to 
develop and license these new technologies. 

The Group continues to pursue acquisitions as part of its growth strategy. Such acquisitions may not realise 
expected benefits. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – business overview continued 

Principal risks and uncertainties (continued) 
The  Group  currently  employs  nine  people,  excluding  Non-executive  Directors,  and  has  a  very  small 
management team. Should it lose any key management resources and be unable to attract replacements of 
equivalent  calibre  to  continue  implementation  of  its  business  plan,  future  development  and  commercial 
activities could be materially adversely affected. 

The Group relies on potential license partners to meet certain commercial and development milestones and 
their  failure  to  achieve  this,  or  other  delays  or  cancellation  of  projects  due  to  internal  or  market  factors 
affecting potential license  partners could  affect the execution of the  Group’s business plan,  with a material 
adverse  effect  on  the  business.  In  these  circumstances  the  Group  would  look  to  raise  additional  funding 
through the issue of additional equity through rights issues, share placing and the exercise of share options 
but no assurance can be given regarding the successful outcome of such financing initiatives. 

Policy on the payment of creditors 
It is the policy of the Group to pay creditors and suppliers in accordance with their normal terms of business. 
Creditor  days  outstanding  for  the  Group  at  31  March  2010  amounted  to  33  days  compared  to  28  days  at 
31 March 2009. 

Board of Directors 
The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the Group. 

The Board comprises a Non-executive Chairman, three additional Non-executive Directors, two of whom are 
independent,  and  three  further  Executive  Directors.  The  Board  continues  to  be  satisfied  that  it  has  an 
appropriate mix of independence and experience in its Non-executive Directors. 

The  roles  of  Chairman  and  Chief  Executive  are  and  will  remain  separate  and  it  is  not  permissible  for  the 
same individual to be appointed to both roles simultaneously. 

The Chairman provides strategic and  operational  guidance and also  oversees the  duties performed by  the 
Chief Executive and ensures that they are in line with Board expectations. The Chief Executive manages the 
day-to-day  running  and  strategic  direction  of  the  Group  in  line  with  policy  decisions  agreed  with  the  Board 
and shareholder expectations. 

The Board retains full control of the Group with day-to-day operational control delegated by the Board to the 
Executive  Directors.  The  full  Board  meets  every  two  months,  and  on  any  other  occasions  it  considers 
necessary. 

The Board is responsible for approving interim and annual financial statements, formulating and monitoring 
Group  strategy  and  approving  financial  plans  and  reviewing  performance,  as  well  as  complying  with  legal, 
regulatory and corporate governance matters. There is a schedule of matters reserved for the Board. Board 
papers are circulated in advance of each Board meeting. 

The Directors of the Company during the year are shown below. 

Executive Directors 
S N Moon 
S N Morrison 
I Ford 

Non-executive Directors 
C D Buck 
N C Bain 
K Rietveld 
J B Diggines 

(resigned 17 September 2009) 

A qualifying third-party indemnity provision as defined in Section 234 of the Companies Act 2006 is in force 
for the benefit of each of the Directors in respect of liabilities incurred as a result of their office, to the extent 
permitted  by  law.  In  respect  of  those  liabilities  for  which  Directors  may  not  be  indemnified,  the  Company 
maintained a Directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policy throughout the financial year. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – business overview continued 

Audit Committee 
The  Audit  Committee  comprises  two  Non-executive  Directors,  and  is  chaired  by  Neville  Bain  as  Senior 
Independent Non-executive Director. It meets as required and specifically to review the Interim Report and 
Annual Report and to consider the suitability and monitor the effectiveness of the internal control processes. 
There  were  three  Audit  Committee meetings  during  the  year.  The  Audit  Committee  reviews  the  findings  of 
the external auditors and reviews accounting policies and material accounting judgements. 

The  independence  of  the  auditors  is  considered  by  the  Audit  Committee.  The  Audit  Committee  (with  no 
Executive  Director  present)  meets  at  least  once  per  calendar  year  with  the  auditors  to  discuss  their 
objectivity  and  independence,  the  Annual  Report,  any  audit  issues  arising,  internal  control  processes  and 
any  other  appropriate  matters.  As  well  as  providing  audit  related  services,  the  auditors  provide  taxation 
advice  and  undertake  work  in  relation  to  the  interim  report.  The  fees  in  respect  of  the  non-audit  services 
provided are £25,000 for the year ended 31 March 2010 (2009: £18,000). Further, the overall fees paid to the 
auditors  are  not  deemed  to  be  of  such  significance  to  them  as  to  impair  their  independence.  The  Audit 
Committee considers that the objectivity and independence of the auditors is safeguarded. 

The current terms of reference of the Audit Committee are set out in the governance pages on the Group’s 
website www.provexis.com. 

Internal control 
The Directors are responsible for establishing and maintaining the Group’s system of internal control and for 
reviewing its effectiveness. The system of internal control is designed to manage, rather than eliminate, the 
risk  of failure  to  the  achievement  of  business  objectives  and  can  only  provide  reasonable  but  not  absolute 
assurance against material misstatement or loss. 

The Audit Committee continues to monitor and review the effectiveness of the system of internal control and 
report to the Board when appropriate with recommendations. There have been no significant changes to the 
system of internal control throughout the year. 

The  annual  review  of  internal  control  and  financial  reporting  procedures  did  not  highlight  any  issues 
warranting the introduction of an internal audit function. It was again concluded, given the current size and 
transparency of the operations of the Group, that an internal audit function was still not required. 

The main features of the internal control system are outlined below: 

●  A  control  environment  exists  through  the  close  management  of  the  business  by  the  Executive 
Directors.  The  Group  has  a  defined  organisational  structure  with  delineated  approval  limits. 
Controls are implemented and monitored by the Executive Directors. 

●  The  Board  has  a  schedule  of  matters  expressly  reserved  for  its  consideration  and  this  schedule 
includes acquisitions and disposals, major capital projects, treasury and risk management policies 
and approval of budgets. 

●  The  Group  utilises  a  detailed  budgeting  and  forecasting  system.  Detailed  budgets  are  prepared 
annually  by  the  Executive  Directors  before  submission  to  the  Board  for  approval.  Forecasts  are 
regularly  updated  at  least  quarterly  to  reflect  changes  in  the  business  and  are  monitored  by  the 
Board including future cash flow projections. Actual results are monitored against annual budgets 
regularly and at least quarterly, with variances highlighted for the Board. 

●  Financial  risks  are  identified  and  evaluated  for  each  major  transaction  for  consideration  by 

the Board. 

●  Standard  financial  control  procedures  operate  throughout  the  Group  to  ensure  that  the  assets 

of the Group are safeguarded and that proper accounting records are maintained. 

●  A  risk  review  process  is  in  operation  whereby  the  Chief  Executive  and  Finance  Director  present 

a report to the Board each year on the key business risks. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – business overview continued 

Going concern 
The Directors have  a reasonable  expectation that the Group  and the Company will continue in operational 
existence  for  the  foreseeable  future.  For  this  reason,  they  continue  to  adopt  the  going  concern  basis  in 
preparing the Group’s financial statements. 

See also note 1 to the consolidated financial statements on page 28. 

Employees 
The Executive Directors keep staff informed of the progress and development of the Group regularly through 
formal and informal meetings and employee feedback is encouraged. The Company has a policy of offering 
share  options  to  all  eligible  employees,  subject  to  availability  under  the  option  plan  rules  and  with  due 
consideration to the level of dilution to shareholders. 

The Group does not discriminate between employees and prospective employees on grounds of age, race, 
religion or gender. Every effort is made to provide the same opportunities to disabled persons as to others. 

The  Board  recognises  its  obligation  towards  its  employees  to  provide  a  safe  and  healthy  working 
environment. The Group complies with health and safety legislation including conducting regular inspections 
and risk assessments. 

Environmental, social and community matters 
As a result of the size and nature of the Group’s operations, the impact of the Group’s operations on the local 
community and the environment is not considered to be significant. Recycling of office supplies is undertaken 
where possible. 

Charitable and political contributions 
No political or charitable donations were made during the year (2009: £Nil). 

Relationship with shareholders 
The  Directors  seek  to  build  a  mutual  understanding  of  objectives  between  the  Company  and  its 
shareholders. The Group reports formally to shareholders in its interim and annual reports setting out details 
of its activities. In addition, the Group keeps shareholders informed of events and progress through the issue 
of  regulatory  news  in  accordance  with  the  AIM  rules  of  the  London  Stock  Exchange.  The  Chief  Executive 
and Finance Director seek to meet with significant shareholders following interim and final results. The Group 
also  maintains  investor  relations  pages  and  other  information  regarding  the  business,  its  products  and 
activities on its website www.provexis.com. 

Where  possible  the  Annual  Report  is  sent  to  shareholders  at  least  20  working  days  before  the  Annual 
General Meeting. Directors are required to attend Annual General Meetings of the Company unless unable 
to  do  so  for  personal  reasons  or  due  to  pressing  commercial  commitments.  Shareholders  are  given  the 
opportunity to vote on each separate issue. The Company counts all proxy votes and will indicate the level of 
proxies lodged on each resolution, after it has been dealt with by a show of hands. 

Adequacy of information supplied to auditors 
Each  Director  has  taken  all  reasonable  steps  to  make  himself  aware  of  any  information  needed  by  the 
Company’s  auditors  for  the  purpose  of  their  audit  and  to  establish  that  the  auditors  are  aware  of  that 
information. The Directors are not aware of any relevant audit information of which the auditors are unaware. 

During the year BDO Stoy Hayward LLP changed their name to BDO LLP.  BDO LLP have expressed their 
willingness to continue in office.  Under the Companies Act 2006 section 487(2) they will be automatically re-
appointed as auditors 28 days after these accounts are sent to the members, unless the members exercise 
their rights under the Companies Act 2006 to prevent their re-appointment.  

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – business overview continued 

Directors’ responsibilities 
The directors are responsible for preparing the directors’ report and the financial statements in accordance 
with applicable law and regulations.  

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year.  Under that law 
the  directors  have  elected  to  prepare  the  group  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  International 
Financial  Reporting  Standards  (IFRSs)  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union  and  the  company  financial 
statements  in  accordance  with  United  Kingdom  Generally  Accepted  Accounting  Practice  (United  Kingdom 
Accounting Standards and applicable law).  Under company law the directors must not approve the financial 
statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the group and 
company  and  of  the  profit  or  loss  of  the  group  for  that  period.    The  directors  are  also  required  to  prepare 
financial  statements  in  accordance  with  the  rules  of  the  London  Stock  Exchange  for  companies  trading 
securities on the Alternative Investment Market.   

In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to: 

• 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

•  make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

• 

• 

• 

state whether the group financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted 
by  the  European  Union,  subject  to  any  material  departures  disclosed  and  explained  in  the  financial 
statements; 

state whether the company financial statements have been prepared in accordance with applicable UK 
Accounting  Standards,  subject  to  any  material  departures  disclosed  and  explained  in  the  financial 
statements; 

prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that 
the company will continue in business. 

The  directors  are  responsible  for  keeping  adequate  accounting  records  that  are  sufficient  to  show  and 
explain the company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position 
of the company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006.  They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for 
taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

Website publication 
The directors are responsible for ensuring the annual report and the financial statements are made available 
on a website.  Financial statements are published on the company's website in accordance with legislation in 
the  United  Kingdom  governing  the  preparation  and  dissemination  of  financial  statements,  which  may  vary 
from  legislation  in  other  jurisdictions.    The  maintenance  and  integrity  of  the  company's  website  is  the 
responsibility  of  the  directors.    The  directors'  responsibility  also  extends  to  the  ongoing  integrity  of  the 
financial statements contained therein. 

By order of the Board 

Ian Ford 
Secretary 
1 June 2010 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – remuneration report  

Remuneration Committee: composition and terms of reference 
The  Group’s  Remuneration  Committee  during  the  year  ended  31  March  2010  comprised  two  independent 
Non-executive Directors and was chaired by Dawson Buck. 

The purpose of the Remuneration Committee is to ensure that the Executive Directors are fairly rewarded for 
their  individual  contribution  to  the  overall  performance  of  the  Company.  The  Committee  considers  and 
recommends  to  the  Board  the  remuneration  of  the  Executive  Directors  and  is  kept  informed  of  the 
remuneration packages of senior staff and invited to comment on these. 

Policy on Executive Directors’ remuneration 
Executive  remuneration  packages  are  designed  to  attract  and  retain  executives  of  the  necessary  skill  and 
calibre to run the Company successfully but avoiding paying more than is necessary. Direct benchmarking of 
remuneration  is  not  possible  given  the  specialised  nature  and  size  of  the  Company.  The  Remuneration 
Committee  recommends  to  the  Board  remuneration  packages  by  reference  to  individual  performance  and 
uses  the  knowledge  and  experience  of  the  Non-executive  Directors  and  published  surveys  relating  to  AIM 
Directors, and market changes generally. The Remuneration Committee has responsibility for recommending 
any long term incentive schemes. 

The  full  Board  determines  whether  or  not  Executive  Directors  are  permitted  to  serve  in  roles  with  other 
companies. Such permission  is only  granted  where a role is on a strictly  limited basis,  where there are  no 
conflicts of interest or competing activities and providing there is not an adverse impact on the commitments 
required to the Group. Earnings from such roles are not disclosed nor paid to the Group. 

There are four main elements of the remuneration package for Executive Directors and senior staff: 

(i) Basic salaries and benefits in kind 
Basic  salaries  are  recommended  to  the  Board  by  the  Remuneration  Committee,  taking  into  account  the 
performance of the individual  and the rates for similar  positions in comparable companies. Benefits in kind 
comprising private medical insurance are available to all senior staff and Executive Directors. 

(ii) Share option scheme 
The  Company  operates  a  share  option  scheme  which  was  established  in  June  2005  (”the  Provexis  2005 
share option scheme”) to motivate the Executive Directors and employees through equity participation in the 
Company. Options granted pursuant to the Provexis 2005 share option scheme may take the form of either 
unapproved share options or tax favoured EMI options. Exercise of options under the scheme is subject to 
specified exercise periods and compliance with the AIM rules of the London Stock Exchange. 

The  scheme  is  overseen  by  the  Remuneration  Committee  which  recommends  to  the  Board  all  grants  of 
share  options  based  on  the  Committee’s  assessment  of  personal  performance  and  specifying  the  terms 
under which eligible individuals may be invited to participate. 

In  June  2005  the  Company  undertook  a  reverse  takeover  of  Provexis  Natural  Products  Limited  (“PNP”, 
formerly Provexis Limited) through a share for share exchange. Prior to the takeover the Company and PNP 
had  granted  EMI  options  and  unapproved  options.  Options  granted  by  the  Company  prior  to  the  takeover 
remain  subject  to  the  same  terms  as  contained  in  the  individual  share  option  contracts  under  which  they 
were originally granted. The PNP EMI options and unapproved options were rolled over into options over the 
Company’s ordinary shares, and these replacement options remain subject to the same terms as contained 
in the individual PNP share option contracts under which they were originally granted. 

The Combined Code refers to the requirement for the performance-related elements of remuneration to form 
a significant proportion of the total remuneration package of Executive Directors and should be designed to 
align their interests with those of shareholders. In the development phase of the Group and during the early 
stages  of  revenue  generation,  the  Remuneration  Committee  currently  considers  that  the  best  alignment  of 
these interests is through continued use of incentives for performance through the award of share options or 
other share-based arrangements. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – remuneration report continued 

Policy on Executive Directors’ remuneration (continued) 
(iii) Bonus scheme 
The  Company  has  an  established  discretionary  non-pensionable  bonus  scheme  for  Executive  Directors, 
which is subject to the achievement of agreed goals and targets that are designed to incentivise Directors to 
perform at the highest levels, and align Directors’ interests with those of the shareholders. 

For the Executive Directors the performance-related annual bonus potential is up to 15% of basic salary. The 
Remuneration Committee approved bonuses of 15% of salary for 2010 based on the achievements in 2010. 
In 2009 no annual bonuses were paid. 

(iv) Pension contributions 
The  Group  pays  a  defined  contribution  to  the  pension  scheme  of  Executive  Directors  and  employees.  The 
individual pension schemes are private and their assets are held separately from those of the Group. 

Salaries and benefits were reviewed in April 2009 and October 2009 to cover the year from 1 April 2009 to 
31 March 2010. Future reviews will continue to be undertaken on an annual basis each April to enable the 
Group’s  performance  over  the  preceding  financial  year  and  the  strategy  for  the  forthcoming  year  to  be 
considered. 

Service contracts 
The  Chief  Executive  is  employed  under  a  service  contract  requiring  twelve  months’  notice  by  either  party, 
and the Chief Operating Officer and Finance Director are employed under service contracts requiring three 
months’  notice.  All  Non-executive  Directors  receive  payments  under  appointment  letters  which  are 
terminable by three months’ notice from either party. 

Policy on Non-executive Directors’ remuneration 
The Non-executive Directors and the Chairman each receive a fee for their services as a director, which is 
approved  by  the  Board,  mindful  of  the  time  commitment  and  responsibilities  of  their  roles  and  of  current 
market  rates  for  comparable  organisations  and  appointments.  Non-executive  Directors  are  reimbursed  for 
travelling and other minor expenses incurred. 

Neville Bain, Non-executive Director, received 330,300 share options prior to the Group joining AIM, and he 
exercised  these  options  on  12  February  2010.  However,  to maintain  independence,  the  Non-executive 
Directors do not participate in any incentive or share option arrangements. 

Gains made on exercise of directors’ share options 

2010 options exercised 
Exercise 
date 

Options 
exercised 

N C Bain - exercise of share 
options granted on 17 June 2004 

12-Feb-10 

330,300 

Gain 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2009 
£ 

20,082 
20,082 

— 
— 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – remuneration report continued 

Details of directors’ remuneration 
The emoluments of the individual Directors for the year were as follows: 

Executive Directors 
S N Moon 
S N Morrison (appointed 1 October 2008) 
I Ford 

Non-executive Directors 
C D Buck 
N C Bain 
J B Diggines (resigned 17 September 2009) 
K Rietveld (appointed 29 August 2008) 

Year ended 31 March 2010 

Benefits 
in kind 

Bonus 
payments 

Pension 

Total 

Year ended 31 
March 2009 
Total 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

Salary and 
directors’ 
fees 
£ 

157,794 
117,888 
97,158 

852 
1,554 
1,553 

24,523 
18,115 
15,207 

7,980  191,149 
5,894  143,451 
4,948  118,866 

162,486 
61,061 
101,053 

42,500 
17,500 
7,500 
—  
440,340 

—  
—  
—  
—  
3,959 

—  
—  
—  
—  
57,845 

—  
—  
—  
—  

42,500 
17,500 
7,500 
—  
18,822  520,966 

31,458 
16,459 
15,000 
—  
387,517 

The above fees and emoluments exclude reimbursed expenditure incurred in the conduct of Group business. 

Share-based payment expense 
The share-based payment expenses of the individual Directors recognised for the year were as follows: 

Executive Directors 
S N Moon 
S N Morrison (appointed 1 October 2008) 
I Ford 

Non-executive Directors 
C D Buck 
N C Bain 
J B Diggines (resigned 17 September 2009) 
K Rietveld (appointed 29 August 2008) 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

Year ended  
31 March 
2009 
£ 

107,303 
36,870 
41,651 

- 
- 
- 
- 
185,824 

83,726 
9,665 
19,104 

- 
- 
- 
- 
112,495 

On  4  August  2008  C  D  Buck,  N  C  Bain  and  The  RisingStars  Growth  Fund,  which  is  connected  to  J  B 
Diggines, advanced bridging loans to the Company totalling £50,000. The bridging loans were repaid by the 
Company on 28 August 2008. Bridging loan inducement fees totalling £10,000 were paid to C D Buck, N C 
Bain and The RisingStars Growth Fund, see note 8 on page 37 for further details. 

Share re-organisation 
A share re-organisation was carried out on 28 August 2008, sub dividing  each  of  the  401,724,366  issued 
existing ordinary shares with a nominal value of 1p each in the capital of the Company into one new ordinary 
share  with  a  nominal  value  of  0.1p  and  one  Deferred  Share  with  a  nominal  value  of  0.9p.  The  aggregate 
nominal value of the Company’s authorised share capital was not affected by these changes. 

The  rights  attached  to  the  new  ordinary  shares  are  substantially  the  same  as  the  rights  attached  to  the 
original, pre placing ordinary shares. The Deferred Shares have very limited rights which are deferred to the 
new ordinary shares. Holders of the Deferred Shares will not be entitled to receive notice of, attend or vote at 
general  meetings  of  the  Company;  nor  be  entitled  to  receive  any  dividends  or  any  payment  on  a  return  of 
capital until at least £10,000,000 has been paid on each new ordinary share. The Deferred Shares effectively 
carry  no  value  as  a  result,  on  which  basis  the  Directors’  interests  in  Deferred  Shares  have  not  been 
disclosed. 

See also note 17 to the consolidated financial statements on page 44. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – remuneration report continued 

Directors’ interests in shares 

S N Moon 
S N Morrison 
I Ford 
C D Buck 
N C Bain 

Ordinary shares of 
0.1 pence each 

Ordinary shares of 
0.1 pence each 

Beneficial interests 

31 March 2010 

1 April 2009 

1,540,000 
1,668,333 
1,668,333 
11,271,359 
5,608,416 
21,756,441 

7,540,000 
1,540,000 
1,540,000 
10,404,332 
5,177,000 
26,201,332 

Other than as shown in the table and as further disclosed above in respect of Deferred Shares, no Director 
had any interest in the shares of the Company or its subsidiary companies at 31 March 2010. 

Directors’ interests in share options 
The Board uses share options to align Directors and employees interests with those of shareholders in order 
to provide incentives and reward them based on improvements in Company performance. 

On  1  September  2008  the  Company  announced  that  further  to  an  announcement  on  1  August  2008  the 
Company's Remuneration Committee had approved the grant of options over 44,166,575 ordinary shares of 
0.1p each to certain Directors and employees of the Company. As a condition of the grant of options, certain 
Directors  surrendered  19,089,110  existing  options  and  an  additional  3,709,384  existing  options  were 
surrendered by other existing employees. 

On  15  October  2009  the  Company’s  Remuneration  Committee  modified  the  Performance  Period  and 
Performance  Target  of  share  options  over  42,000,000  ordinary  shares  of  0.1p  each  held  by  the  Executive 
Directors of the Company. 

Following  the  changes  agreed  to  the  Performance  Period  and  Performance  Target,  share  options  over 
21,000,000  ordinary  shares  of  0.1p  each  held  by  the  Executive  Directors  of  the  Company  vested  on  15 
October 2009. Share options over 21,000,000 ordinary shares of 0.1p each held by certain Directors of the 
Company will vest on 1 April 2011. 

The share options held by the Directors and not exercised at 31 March 2010 are summarised below. Neville 
Bain, Non-executive Director, received options prior to the Group joining AIM. 

S N Moon 
S N Morrison 
I Ford 
N C Bain 

Number of options over shares 

At 1 April 2009  Options exercised  
in year 

At 31 March 2010 

21,117,620 
12,000,000 
10,000,000 
330,300 
43,447,920 

—  
—  
—  
(330,300) 
(330,300) 

21,117,620 
12,000,000 
10,000,000 
—  
43,117,620 

The  unapproved  share  options  at  31  March  2010  of  the  Directors  who  served  during  the  year  are  set 
out below: 

Grant date 

Number 
awarded 

Exercise 
price/share 

Earliest 
exercise date 

Expiry date 

S N Moon 

August 2008 

7,324,520  
7,324,520 

0.900p 

April 2011 

August 2018 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – remuneration report continued 

Directors’ interests in share options (continued) 
The EMI share options at 31 March 2010 of the Directors who served during the year are set out below: 

Grant date 

Number 
awarded 

Exercise 
price/share 

Earliest 
exercise date 

Expiry date 

S N Moon 
S N Moon 
S N Moon 
S N Morrison 
S N Morrison 
I Ford 
I Ford 

August 2008 
August 2008 
August 2008 
October 2008 
October 2008 
August 2008 
August 2008 

1,117,620 
2,675,480 
10,000,000 
6,000,000 
6,000,000 
5,000,000 
5,000,000 
35,793,100 

1.000p 
0.900p 
0.900p 
0.900p 
0.900p 
0.900p 
0.900p 

August 2008 
April 2011 
October 2009 
April 2011 
October 2009 
April 2011 
October 2009 

August 2018 
August 2018 
August 2018 
October 2018 
October 2018 
August 2018 
August 2018 

All options were granted with an exercise price at or above market value on the date of grant. 

The Company carried out a share re-organisation on 28 August 2008, which is further detailed on page 19, 
and in note 17 to the consolidated financial statements on page 44. 

Share options which had been granted prior to 28 August 2008 over existing ordinary shares with a nominal 
value  of  1p  each  in  the  capital  of  the  Company  became  options  over  new  ordinary  shares  with  a  nominal 
value of 0.1p each in the capital of the Company. The options remain subject to the same terms as contained 
in the individual option contracts under which they were originally granted. 

Share  options  issued  after  28  August  2008  are  options  over  new  ordinary  shares  with  a  nominal  value  of 
0.1p each in the capital of the Company. 

Dawson Buck 
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee 
1 June 2010 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent  auditor’s  report  to  the  members  of  Provexis 
plc 

To the members of Provexis plc 
We have audited the financial statements of Provexis plc for the year ended 31 March 2010 which comprise 
the consolidated statement of financial position and company balance sheet, the consolidated statement of 
comprehensive income, the consolidated statement of cash flows, the consolidated statement of changes in 
equity and the related notes  The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of 
the group financial statements is applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as 
adopted by the European Union.  The financial reporting framework that has been applied in preparation of 
the  parent  company  financial  statements  is  applicable  law  and  United  Kingdom  Accounting  Standards 
(United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).  

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of 
the  Companies  Act  2006.    Our  audit  work  has  been  undertaken  so  that  we  might  state  to  the  company’s 
members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose.  To 
the  fullest  extent  permitted  by  law,  we  do  not  accept  or  assume  responsibility  to  anyone  other  than  the 
company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we 
have formed. 

Respective responsibilities of directors and auditors 

As  explained  more  fully  in  the  statement  of  directors’  responsibilities,  the  directors  are  responsible  for  the 
preparation  of  the  financial  statements  and  for  being  satisfied  that  they  give  a  true  and  fair  view.    Our 
responsibility  is  to  audit  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  applicable  law  and  International 
Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland).  Those standards require us to comply with the Auditing Practices 
Board’s (APB’s) Ethical Standards for Auditors.  

Scope of the audit of the financial statements 

An audit involves obtaining evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements sufficient 
to  give  reasonable  assurance  that  the  financial  statements  are  free  from  material  misstatement,  whether 
caused by fraud or error.  This includes an assessment of: whether the accounting policies are appropriate to 
the  group’s  and  the  parent  company’s  circumstances  and  have  been  consistently  applied  and  adequately 
disclosed;  the  reasonableness  of  significant  accounting  estimates  made  by  the  directors;  and  the  overall 
presentation of the financial statements.  

Opinion on financial statements 

In our opinion:  

• 

• 

• 

• 

the financial statements give a true  and fair  view of the state of the group’s and the  parent company’s 
affairs as at 31 March 2010 and of the group’s loss for the year then ended; 

the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the 
European Union; 

the  parent  company’s  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  United 
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and 

the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 
2006. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent  auditor’s  report  to  the  members  of  Provexis 
plc continued 

Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 

In  our  opinion  the  information  given  in  the  directors’  report  for  the  financial  year  for  which  the  financial 
statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements.  

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to 
report to you if, in our opinion: 

•  adequate  accounting  records  have  not  been  kept  by  the  parent  company,  or  returns  adequate  for  our 

audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 

• 

• 

the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; 
or 

certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 

•  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Christopher Pooles (senior statutory auditor) 
For and on behalf of BDO LLP, statutory auditor 
Reading 
United Kingdom 
1 June 2010 

BDO  LLP  is  a  limited  liability  partnership  registered  in  England  and  Wales  (with  registered  number 
OC305127) 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 

Revenue 
Grant income 
Research and development costs 
Administrative costs before impairment of goodwill 
Impairment of goodwill 
Total administrative costs 
Loss from operations 
Finance income 
Finance costs 
Loss before tax 
Taxation 
Loss and total comprehensive expense for the year 

Attributable to: 
Owners of the parent 
Minority interest 

Notes 

1,3 
4 

12 

5 
8 
8 

9 

19 

Year 
ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

14,767 
80,000 
(697,822) 
(1,184,859) 
— 
(1,184,859) 
(1,787,914) 
85,326 
— 
(1,702,588) 
54,408 
(1,648,180) 

Year 
ended 
31 March 
2009 
£ 

5,400 
20,000 
(634,611) 
(967,111) 
(3,099,328) 
(4,066,439) 
(4,675,650) 
65,161 
(10,017) 
(4,620,506) 
50,000 
(4,570,506) 

(1,648,180) 
— 
(1,648,180) 

(4,570,506) 
— 
(4,570,506) 

Loss per share to owners of the parent 
Basic and diluted – pence 

10 

0.18 

0.71 

All amounts relate to continuing operations. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of financial position 

Company number 05102907 

Non-current assets 
Goodwill 
Other intangible assets 
Plant and equipment 
Total non-current assets 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Corporation tax asset 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets 

Liabilities 
Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Total liabilities 

Total net assets 

Capital and reserves attributable 
to owners of the parent company 
Share capital 
Share premium reserve 
Warrant reserve 
Merger reserve 
Retained earnings 
Total equity 

As at  
31 March 
2010 
£ 

3,802,685 
57,933 
61,182 
3,921,800 

As at  
31 March 
2009 
£ 

3,802,685 
37,287 
66,941 
3,906,913 

274,638  
111,844 
7,049,134 
7,435,616  

76,942 
103,651 
1,678,263 
1,858,856 

(295,498) 
(295,498) 

(233,973) 
(233,973) 

11,061,918 

5,531,796 

4,723,601 
14,527,277 
115,980 
6,273,909 
(14,578,849) 
11,061,918 

4,434,907 
7,979,558 
— 
6,273,909 
(13,156,578) 
5,531,796 

Notes 

11,12 
11 
13 

14 
9 
15 

16 

17 
19 
17 
19 
19 

These  consolidated  financial  statements  were  approved  and  authorised  for  issue  by  the  Board  on  1  June 
2010. The notes on pages 28 to 51 form part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Stephen Moon  
Director  

Ian Ford 
Director 

On behalf of the Board of Provexis plc 
1 June 2010 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of cash flows 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Loss after tax  
Adjustments for: 
Depreciation 
Impairment of goodwill 
Net finance income 
Taxation 
Share-based payment charge 
Operating cash outflow before changes in working capital 

(Increase) / decrease in trade and other receivables 
Increase / (decrease) in trade and other payables 
Cash used in operations 

Tax credits received 
Net cash outflow from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Purchase of plant and equipment 
Purchase of intangible assets 
Interest received 
Cash generated by investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of 
share capital – share placings and open offer 
Expenses paid on share issues 
Proceeds from exercise of share options 
Interest paid 
Cash generated by financing activities 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

15 
15 

  Year ended 
31 March  
2010 
£ 

Notes 

Year ended 
31 March  
2009 
£ 

(1,648,180) 

(4,570,506) 

20,908 
— 
(85,326) 
(54,408) 
225,909 
(1,541,097) 

(66,737) 
61,525 
(1,546,309) 

46,215 
(1,500,094) 

(15,149) 
(20,646) 
70,347 
34,552 

7,130,293 
(401,779) 
107,899 
— 
6,836,413 

5,370,871 
1,678,263 
7,049,134 

20,917 
3,099,328 
(55,144) 
(50,000) 
112,630 
(1,442,775) 

147,435 
(127,523) 
(1,422,863) 

83,123 
(1,339,740) 

(13,764) 
(16,690) 
61,770 
31,316 

2,714,812 
(250,689) 
— 
(10,017) 
2,454,106 

1,145,682 
532,581 
1,678,263 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 

Share  

Share   Warrant 

Merger  

Retained  

to owners of   Minority  

capital  

premium  

reserve 

reserve  

earnings  

the parent  

interests  

£  

£  

£ 

£  

£  

£  

£  

Total  

equity 

£  

Total equity  

attributable  

At 31 March 2008 

4,017,244  

5,992,212  

— 

6,273,909  

(8,698,702) 

7,584,663  

— 

7,584,663  

Share-based charges 

— 

— 

Issue of shares – placing  
28 August 2008 

Issue of shares – placing  
2 October 2008 

Reduction of premium 
on share issue 

386,894 

1,883,229 

30,769 

163,231 

— 

(59,114) 

Total comprehensive expense 
for the year 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

112,630 

112,630 

— 

112,630 

— 

— 

— 

— 

2,270,123 

— 

2,270,123 

— 

194,000 

— 

194,000 

— 

(59,114) 

— 

(59,114) 

— 

(4,570,506) 

(4,570,506) 

— 

(4,570,506) 

At 31 March 2009 

4,434,907 

7,979,558 

— 

6,273,909  

(13,156,578) 

5,531,796 

— 

5,531,796 

Share-based charges 

— 

— 

Issue of shares  - exercise of 
share options 

3,482 

104,417 

Issue of shares - subscription 
30 September 2009 

40,969 

915,185 

Issue of shares - subscription 
16 October 2009 

159,031 

3,633,544 

Issue of shares - open offer 22 
December 2009 

85,212 

1,894,573 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

Issue of warrants - equity 
financing facility 30 March 2010 

Total comprehensive expense 
for the year 

— 

— 

— 

115,980 

— 

225,909 

225,909 

— 

225,909 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

107,899 

— 

107,899 

— 

956,154 

— 

956,154 

— 

3,792,575 

— 

3,792,575 

— 

1,979,785 

— 

1,979,785 

— 

115,980 

— 

115,980 

— 

— 

— 

(1,648,180) 

(1,648,180) 

— 

(1,648,180) 

At 31 March 2010 

4,723,601 

14,527,277 

115,980 

6,273,909 

(14,578,849) 

11,061,918  

— 

11,061,918  

The total comprehensive expense for the  year represents the total recognised income and expense for the 
year. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

1. Accounting policies 
General information 
Provexis  plc  is  a  public  limited  company  incorporated  and  domiciled  in  the  United  Kingdom  (registration 
number  05102907).  The  address  of  the  registered  office  is  Thames  Court,  1  Victoria  Street,  Windsor, 
Berkshire SL4 1YB, UK. 

As described in the Directors’ Report, the main activities of the Group are those of discovering, developing 
and  licensing  scientifically-proven  technologies  for  the  global  functional  food,  medical  food  and  dietary 
supplement sectors. 

Basis of preparation 
The  Group  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards,  International  Accounting  Standards  and  Interpretations  (collectively  IFRS)  issued  by  the 
International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) as adopted by the European Union (“adopted IFRS”). 

The  Company  has  elected  to  prepare  its  parent  company  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  United 
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (“UK GAAP”), and these are set out on pages 52 to 57. 

The  accounting  policies  set  out  below  have  been  applied  to  all  periods  presented  in  these  Group  financial 
statements and are in accordance with IFRS, as adopted by the European Union, and International Financial 
Reporting  Interpretations  Committee  (“IFRIC”)  interpretations  that  were  applicable  for  the  year  ended 
31 March 2010. 

The following new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations, applied for the first time from 1 
April 2009, have had an effect on the consolidated financial statements. 

IAS 1 (Revised) ‘Presentation of Financial Statements’ has been adopted. The revised standard prohibits the 
presentation  of  items  of  income  and  expense  in  the  statement  of  changes  in  equity,  requiring  non-
shareholder  changes  in  equity  to  be  presented  separately  from  shareholder  changes  in  equity.  All  non-
shareholder  changes  in  equity  are  required  to  be  presented  in  a  performance  statement.  IAS  1  (Revised) 
permits a choice between presenting a single performance statement (being a Statement of Comprehensive 
Income)  or  two  statements  (being  an  Income  Statement  and  a  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income). The 
Group has elected to present a single statement. 

IFRS  8  ‘Operating  Segments’  has  been  adopted.  This  standard  replaces  IAS  14  ‘Segment  Reporting’  and 
effectively  requires  segmental  information  reported  to  be  based  on  that  which  the  Group’s  Board,  which  is 
considered  the  Group’s  chief  operating  decision  maker,  uses  internally  for  the  purposes  of  evaluating  the 
performance of the Group’s operating segments. 

Revenue, net assets and results are wholly attributable to the principal activity of the Group and arise solely 
within the United Kingdom, therefore no segmental analysis has been reported. 

The  following  new  standards,  amendments  to  standards  and  interpretations  have  been  issued  but  are  not 
effective  for  the  year  ended  31  March  2010.  The  new  standards,  amendments  to  standards  and 
interpretations will be relevant to the Group but have not been adopted early as the Directors do not expect 
these standards and interpretations to have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements: 

• 
• 

• 
• 

IFRS 3 (Revised) ‘Business Combinations’ effective for periods beginning on or after 1 July 2009; 
IAS 27 (Amendment) ‘Consolidated and  Separate Financial Statements’ effective for periods beginning 
on or after 1 July 2009; 
Improvements to IFRSs (2009) effective for periods beginning on or after 1 January 2010; and 
IFRS 2 (Amendment) ‘Share-based Payment: Group  Cash-settled Share-based  Payment Transactions’ 
effective for periods beginning on or after 1 January 2010. 

There  are  a  number  of standards,  interpretations  and  amendments  to  published  accounts  not  listed  above 
which the Directors consider not to be relevant to the Group. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Going concern 
The Group’s business activities together with the factors likely to affect its future development are set out in 
the  Business  Overview  on  pages  11  to  16.  The  financial  position  of  the  Group,  its  cash  flows  and  liquidity 
position are set out in the Financial Review on pages 9 and 10. In addition note 2 to the financial statements 
includes  the  Group’s  objectives,  policies  and  processes  for  managing  its  capital;  its  financial  risk 
management objectives; details of its financial instruments and its exposure to credit and liquidity risk. 

The Group made a loss for the  year  of £1,648,180  (2009:  £4,570,506)  and expects to make a further loss 
during  the  year  ending  31  March  2011.  The  loss  for  the  prior  year  ended  31  March  2009  included  a 
£3,099,328 non-cash goodwill impairment charge (2010: £Nil), and the adjusted loss for the prior year net of 
the goodwill charge was £1,471,178 (2010: £1,648,180). At 31 March 2010 the Company had cash balances 
of £7,049,134 (2009: £1,678,263). 

The directors have prepared projected cash flow information for a period including twelve  months from the 
date  of  approval  of  these  financial  statements  and  have  reviewed  this  information  as  at  the  date  of  these 
financial  statements.  Based  on  the  level  of  existing  cash,  projected  income  and  expenditure  and  other 
sources of funding, the Directors are satisfied that the Company and the Group have adequate resources to 
continue  in  business  for  the  foreseeable  future.  Accordingly  the  going  concern  basis  has  been  used  in 
preparing the financial statements. 

Basis of consolidation 
Subsidiaries  are  all  entities  (including  special  purpose  entities)  over  which  the  Group  has  the  power  to 
govern the financial and operating policies generally accompanying a shareholding of more than one half of 
the  voting  rights.  The  existence  and  effect  of  potential  voting  rights  that  are  currently  exercisable  or 
convertible are considered when assessing whether the Group controls another entity. Subsidiaries are fully 
consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are de-consolidated from the 
date that control ceases. 

The  consolidated  financial  information  presents  the  results  of  the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries, 
Provexis Nutrition Limited, Provexis Natural Products Limited and Provexis (IBD) Limited as if they formed a 
single entity ("the Group"). All subsidiaries share the same reporting date, 31 March, as Provexis plc. All intra 
group balances are eliminated in preparing the financial statements. 

The purchase method of accounting is used to account for the acquisition of subsidiaries by the Group. The 
cost  of  an  acquisition  is  measured  as  the  fair  value  of  the  assets  given,  equity  instruments  issued  and 
liabilities  incurred  or  assumed  at  the  date  of  exchange,  plus  costs  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition. 
Identifiable  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  and  contingent  liabilities  assumed  in  a  business  combination  are 
measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date, irrespective of the extent of any minority interest. 
The excess of the cost of acquisition over  the fair value  of the Group’s share of the  identifiable net  assets 
acquired is recorded as goodwill. 

Revenue 
Revenue  comprises  the  fair  value  received  or  receivable  for  exclusivity  arrangements,  collaboration 
agreements, royalties and sales of the Group’s Fruitflow® product net of value added tax. 

The accounting policies for the principal revenue streams of the Group are as follows: 

(i) Exclusivity arrangements and similar agreements are recognised as revenue in the accounting period in 
which  the  related  services,  or  required  activities,  are  performed  or  specified  conditions  are  fulfilled  in 
accordance with the terms of completion of the specific transaction. 

(ii) Royalty income relating to the sale by a licensee of licensed product is recognised on an accruals basis in 
accordance with the substance of the relevant agreement and based on the receipt from the licensee of the 
relevant information to enable calculation of the royalty due. 

(iii)  Sales  of the Group’s Fruitflow® product are recorded  net of value added tax  when the significant risks 
and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Leased assets 
Leases,  which  contain  terms  whereby  the  Group  does  not  assume  substantially  all  the  risks  and  rewards 
incidental  to  ownership  of  the  leased  item  are  classified  as  operating  leases.  Operating  lease  rentals  are 
charged to the statement of comprehensive income on a straight line basis over the lease term. The Group 
does not hold any assets under finance leases. 

Intangible assets 
Goodwill 
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the Group’s share of the 
identifiable  net  assets  acquired.  Goodwill  on  acquisition  of  subsidiaries  is  included  in  ‘intangible  assets’. 
Separately  recognised  goodwill  is  tested  annually  for  impairment  and  carried  at  cost  less  accumulated 
impairment losses. 

An  impairment  loss  is  recognised  within  administrative  expenses  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive  income  for  the  amount  by  which  the  asset’s  carrying  amount  exceeds  its  recoverable 
amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs to sell and value in use. For 
the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately 
identifiable cash flows. 

Impairment  losses  on  goodwill  are  not  reversed.  Gains  and  losses  on  the  disposal  of  an  entity  include  the 
carrying amount of goodwill relating to the entity sold. 

Research and development 
Certain  Group  products  are  in  the  research  phase  and  others  are  in  the  development  phase.  Expenditure 
incurred on the development of internally generated products is capitalised if it can be demonstrated that: 

● 
● 
● 
● 
● 
● 

It is technically feasible to develop the product for it to be sold; 
Adequate resources are available to complete the development; 
There is an intention to complete and sell the product; 
The Group is able to sell the product; 
Sale of the product will generate future economic benefits; and 
Expenditure on the project can be measured reliably. 

The  value  of  the  capitalised  development  cost  is  assessed  for  impairment  annually.  The  value  is  written 
down  immediately  if  impairment  has  occurred.  Development  costs  are  not  being  amortised  as  income  has 
not yet been realised from the underlying technology.  

Development  expenditure,  not  satisfying  the  above  criteria,  and  expenditure  on  the  research  phase  of 
internal projects is recognised in the statement of comprehensive income as incurred. 

Patents and trademarks 
The costs incurred in establishing patents and trademarks are either expensed or capitalised in accordance 
with the corresponding treatment of the development expenditure for the product to which they relate. 

Plant and equipment 
Plant  and  machinery,  fixtures,  fittings  and  computer  equipment  and  laboratory  equipment  are  stated  at 
historical  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  any  accumulated  impairment  losses.  Historical  cost 
includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Depreciation is charged to the 
statement  of  comprehensive  income  on  all  plant  and  equipment  at  rates  calculated  to  write  off  the  cost  or 
valuation,  less  estimated  residual  value,  of  each  asset  on  a  straight  line  basis  over  their  estimated  useful 
lives,  which  is  3 years  for  plant  and  machinery,  fixtures,  fittings  and  computer  equipment  and  5  years  for 
laboratory equipment. 

The  assets’  residual  values  and  useful  lives  are  determined  by  the  Directors  and  reviewed  and  adjusted  if 
appropriate at each balance sheet date in accordance with the Group policy for impairment of assets. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Impairment of assets 
Assets that have a finite useful life but that are not yet in use and are therefore not subject to amortisation or 
depreciation  are  tested  annually  for  impairment.  Assets  that  are  subject  to  amortisation  are  reviewed  for 
impairment  annually  and  when  events  or  circumstances  suggest  that  the  carrying  amount  may  not  be 
recoverable, an impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds 
its recoverable amount. 

If the recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of 
the  asset  is  reduced  to  its  recoverable  amount.  An  impairment  loss  is  recognised  immediately  in  the 
statement  of  comprehensive  income,  unless  the  relevant  asset  is  carried  at  a  revalued  amount,  in  which 
case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease. 

Where  an  impairment  loss  subsequently  reverses,  the  carrying  amount  of  the  asset  is  increased  to  the 
revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the 
carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in 
prior periods. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in the statement of comprehensive 
income,  unless  the  relevant  asset  is  carried  at  a  revalued  amount,  in  which  case  the  reversal  of  the 
impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase. 

Inventories 
Inventories are materials and supplies to be consumed in the course of research and development and are 
stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost includes materials, related contract manufacturing 
costs  and  other  direct  costs.  Cost  is  calculated  using  the  first-in  first-out  method.  Net  realisable  value  is 
based  on  estimated  selling  price,  less  further  costs  expected  to  be  incurred  to  completion  and  disposal. 
Provision is made for obsolete, slow-moving or defective items where appropriate.  

Financial instruments 
Financial assets 
The Group’s financial assets are comprised of ‘trade and other receivables’ and ‘cash and cash equivalents’. 
They are recognised initially at their fair value and subsequently at amortised cost. The Group will assess at 
each balance sheet date whether there is objective evidence that the financial asset is impaired. If an asset 
is judged to be impaired the carrying amount of the asset will be adjusted to its impaired valuation. 

Financial liabilities 
The Group’s financial liabilities comprise ‘trade and other payables’ and ‘borrowings’. These are recognised 
initially at fair value and subsequently at amortised cost. 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand. 

Government grants 
Government grants are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and 
the  Group  will  comply  with  all  attached  conditions.  Government  grants  are  recognised  in  the  statement  of 
comprehensive  income  in  the  same  period  to  which  the  costs  that  they  are  intended  to  compensate  are 
expensed. 

Taxation 
Current tax is provided at amounts expected to be recovered or to be paid using the tax rates and tax laws 
that  have  been  enacted  or  substantively  enacted  at  the  balance  sheet  date.  When  research  and 
development  tax  credits  are  claimed  they  are  recognised  on  an  accruals  basis  and  are  included  as  a 
taxation credit. 

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  recognised  where  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  or  liability  on  the 
balance sheet differs from its tax base, except for differences arising on: 

•  The initial recognition of goodwill 
•  The initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction which is not a business combination and at 

• 

the time of the transaction affects neither accounting or taxable profit; and 
Investments in subsidiaries where the Group is able to control the timing of the reversal of the difference 
and it is probable that the difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Taxation (continued) 
Recognition of deferred tax assets is restricted to those instances where it is probable that taxable profits will 
be available against which the difference can be utilised. 

The  amount  of  the  asset  or  liability  is  determined  using  tax  rates  that  have  been  enacted  or  substantively 
enacted by the  balance sheet  date and are expected to apply  when the  deferred tax  liabilities/(assets) are 
settled/(recovered). Deferred tax balances are not discounted. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when the Group has a legally enforceable right to offset current 
tax  assets  and  liabilities  and  the  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  relate  to  taxes  levied  by  the  same  tax 
authority on either: 

•  The same taxable Group Company; or 

•  Different Group entities which intend to settle current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis, or to realise 
the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously, on each future period in which significant amounts of 
deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be settled or recovered. 

Foreign currency translation 
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing 
at  the  dates  of  the  transactions.  Foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  resulting  from  the  settlement  of  such 
transactions  and  from  the  translation  at  period  end  exchange  rates  of  monetary  assets  and  liabilities 
denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the statement of comprehensive income. 

Employee benefits 
(i) Defined contribution plans 
The  Group  provides  retirement  benefits  to  all  employees  and  Executive  Directors.  The  assets  of  these 
schemes  are  held  separately  from  those  of  the  Group  in  independently  administered  funds.  Contributions 
made  by  the  Group  are  charged  to  the  statement  of  comprehensive  income  in  the  period  in  which  they 
become payable. 

(ii) Accrued holiday pay 
Provision has been made at the balance sheet date for holidays accrued but not taken at the salary of the 
relevant employee at that date. 

(iii) Share-based payment transactions 
The  Group  operates  an  equity-settled,  share-based  compensation  plan.  Vesting  conditions  are  service 
conditions  and  performance  conditions  only.  Other  features  of  a  share-based  payment  are  not  vesting 
conditions.  Where  share  options  are  awarded  to  employees  and  others  providing  similar  services,  the  fair 
value  of  the  options  at  the  date  of  grant  is  charged  to  the  statement  of  comprehensive  income  over  the 
vesting  period.  Non-market  vesting  conditions  are  taken  into  account  by  adjusting  the  number  of  equity 
instruments  expected  to  vest  at  each  balance  sheet  date  so  that,  ultimately,  the  cumulative  amount 
recognised  over  the  vesting  period  is  based  on  the  number  of  options  that  eventually  vest.  Market  vesting 
conditions are factored into the fair value of the options when granted. As long as all other vesting conditions 
are  satisfied,  a  charge  is  made  irrespective  of  whether  the  market  vesting  conditions  are  satisfied.  The 
cumulative  charge  is  not  adjusted  for failure  to  achieve  a  market  vesting  condition.  If  market related  terms 
and conditions of options are modified before they vest, the change in the fair value of the options, measured 
immediately  before  and  after  the  modification,  is  also  charged  to  the  statement  of  comprehensive  income 
over the remaining vesting period. If non-market related terms and conditions of options are modified before 
they  vest,  the  number  of  instruments  expected  to  vest  at  each  balance  sheet  date,  and  therefore  the 
cumulative  charge,  is  therefore  amended  accordingly.  Where  equity  instruments  are  granted  to  persons 
other  than  employees  and  others  providing  similar  services,  the  statement  of  comprehensive  income  is 
charged with the fair value of goods and services received. 

The  proceeds  received  when  options  are  exercised,  net  of  any  directly  attributable  transaction  costs,  are 
credited to share capital (nominal value) and the remaining balance to share premium. 

National insurance on share options 
All  employee  option  holders  sign  statements  that  they  will  be  liable  for  any  employers  national  insurance 
arising on the exercise of share options. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Interest income 
Interest income is recognised on a time-proportion basis using the effective interest rate method. 

Warrants 
The Group has issued warrants to Evolution Securities Limited as part of the Equity Financing Facility. These 
are considered to be outside the scope of share-based employee remuneration, and hence out of the scope 
of  IFRS  2.  These  warrants  have  been  measured  at  fair  value  at  the  date  of  grant  using  an  appropriate 
options  pricing  model.  This  fair  value  has  been  held  on  the  balance  sheet  within  prepayments  and  in  the 
warrants  reserve  within  equity.  The  prepayment  will  be  released  against  share  premium  as  the  equity 
financing facility is utilised. The warrants reserve will be released to share premium when the warrants are 
exercised.  If the warrants lapse then the reserve is transferred to retained earnings.  

Critical accounting estimates and judgements 
The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  IFRSs  requires  the  use  of  certain  critical 
accounting estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of 
the  financial  statements  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the  reporting  period. 
Estimates  and  judgements  are  continually  made  and  are  based  on  historic  experience  and  other  factors, 
including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable in the circumstances. 

As  the  use  of  estimates  is  inherent  in  financial  reporting,  actual  results  could  differ  from  these  estimates. 
The Directors believe the following to be the key areas of estimation and judgement: 

(i) Research and development 
Under  IAS  38  Intangible  Assets,  development  expenditure  which  meets  the  recognition  criteria  of  the 
standard must be capitalised and amortised over the useful economic lives of intangible assets from product 
launch. The Directors consider that the criteria to capitalise development expenditure were met  in 2007 for 
one of the Group’s products and have continued to be met since. 

(ii) Share-based payments 
The  Group  operates  an  equity-settled,  share-based  compensation  plan.  Employee  and  similar  services 
received, and the corresponding increase in equity, are measured by reference to the fair value of the equity 
instruments at the date of grant, which is based upon certain assumptions over the future performance of the 
share price. 

(iii) Goodwill and impairment 
The  recoverable  amount  of  goodwill  is  determined  based  on  value  in  use  calculations,  and  the  Group’s 
activities are treated as a single cash-generating unit. The value in use calculations have used post-tax cash 
flow  projections  for  ten  years  using  data  from  the  Group’s  latest  internal  forecasts.  The  forecasts  are 
extrapolated  beyond  ten  years  at  growth  rates  of  between  2%  and  7%  (2009:  between  2%  and  7%).  The 
results of the value in use calculations are reviewed by the Board. 

The  key  assumptions  for  the  value  in  use  calculations  are  those  regarding  discount  rates,  revenue 
commencement  dates,  growth  rates  and  expected  changes  in  margins  and  costs.  Management  estimate 
discount rates using post-tax rates that reflect the current market assessment of the time value of money and 
the risks specific to the cash-generating unit. Changes in selling prices and direct costs are based on past 
experience and expectations of future changes in the market. 

Post-tax cash flow projections are  discounted to calculate  value in use  using a  post-tax discount rate. The 
post-tax  discount  rate  is  based  on  a  number  of  factors  including  the  risk-free  rate  in  the  UK,  the  Group's 
estimated  market  risk  premium,  and  a  premium  to  reflect  the  inherent  risk  of  the  forecast  income  streams 
included  in  the  Group’s  cash  flow  projections,  which  remain  subject  to  contracts  being  agreed  with 
prospective customers. 

Further information is given in note 12 to these consolidated financial statements. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

2. Financial risk management 
2.1 Financial risk factors 
The Group’s activities inevitably expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including currency risk, 
cash flow interest rate risk and fair value interest rate risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. 

It  is  Group  policy  not  to  enter  into  speculative  positions  using  complex  financial  instruments.  The  Group’s 
primary treasury objective is to minimise exposure to potential capital losses whilst at the same time securing 
favourable market rates of interest on Group cash deposits using money market deposits with banks. Cash 
balances used to settle the liabilities from operating activities are also maintained in current accounts which 
earn interest at variable rates. 

(a) Market risk  
Foreign exchange risk 
The  Group  primarily  enters  into  contracts  which  are  to  be  settled  in  UK  pounds.  However,  some  contracts 
involve  other  major  world  currencies  including  the  US  Dollar  and  the  Euro. Where  large  contracts  of  more 
than  £50,000  total  value  are  to  be  settled  in  foreign  currencies  consideration  is  given  to  converting  the 
appropriate  amounts  to  or  from  UK  pounds  at  the  outset  of  the  contract  to  minimise  the  risk  of  adverse 
currency fluctuations. 

The  Group  incurred  minimal  expenditure  in  foreign  currencies  during  the  year,  and  the  prior  year,  and 
consequently there is no material exposure to foreign currency rate risk. 

Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk 
The  Group’s  interest  rate  risk  arises  from  medium  term  and  short  term  money  market  deposits.  Deposits 
which earn variable rates of interest expose the Group to cash flow interest rate risk. Deposits at fixed rates 
expose the Group to fair value interest rate risk. 

The Group analyses its interest rate exposure on a dynamic basis throughout the year.  

(b) Credit risk 
Credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents and deposits with banks and financial institutions as well 
as  credit  exposure  in  relation  to  outstanding  receivables.  Group  policy  is  to  place  deposits  with  institutions 
with investment grade A2 or better (Moody’s credit rating) and deposits are made in sterling only. The Group 
does  not  expect  any  losses  from  non-performance  by  these  institutions.  Management  believes  that  the 
carrying  value  of  outstanding  receivables  and  deposits  with  banks  represents  the  Group’s  maximum 
exposure to credit risk. 

(c) Liquidity risk 
Liquidity  risk  arises  from  the  Group’s  management  of  working  capital,  it  is  the  risk  that  the  Group  will 
encounter  difficulty  in  meeting  its  financial  obligations  as  they  fall  due.  Prudent  liquidity  risk  management 
implies maintaining sufficient cash and cash equivalents and management monitors rolling forecasts of the 
Group’s liquidity on the basis of expected cash flow. 

The  Group  had  trade  and  other  payables  at  the  statement  of  financial  position  date  of  £295,498  (2009: 
£233,973) as disclosed in note 16 on page 43. 

2.2 Capital risk management 
The  Group  considers  its  capital  to  comprise  its  ordinary  share  capital,  share  premium,  warrant  reserve, 
merger  reserve  and  accumulated  retained  earnings  as  disclosed  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  financial 
position on page 25. 

The Group remains funded primarily by equity capital which reflects the development status of its products. 
The Group’s objectives  when managing capital are to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue  as a  going 
concern in order to provide returns for equity holders of the Company and benefits for other stakeholders and 
to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital. 

2.3 Fair value estimation 
The Group uses amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method, to determine subsequent fair value 
after initial recognition, for its financial instruments. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

3. Segmental reporting 
Revenue, net assets and results are wholly attributable to the principal activity of the Group and arise solely 
within the United Kingdom, therefore no segmental analysis has been reported. 

4. Grant income 

NWDA  R&D  grant  income  recognised  in  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive income 

5. Operating loss 

Operating loss is stated after charging: 

Impairment of goodwill 
Depreciation of plant and equipment 
Operating lease costs – land and buildings 
Equity-settled share based payment expense 
Defined contribution pension expense 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2009 
£ 

80,000 
80,000 

20,000 
20,000 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2009 
£ 

— 
20,908 
102,875 
225,909 
31,581 

3,099,328 
20,917 
98,709 
112,630 
31,726 

The total fees of the Group’s auditor, BDO LLP, for services provided are analysed below: 

Audit services 
Parent company 
Subsidiaries 
Tax services – compliance 
Parent company 
Subsidiaries 
Other services 
Tax advisory services 
Parent company – share option scheme advice 
Subsidiary – NWDA grant 

Year ended 
31 March  
2010 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2009 
£ 

12,600 
31,900 

3,600 
8,400 

2,000 
8,000 
3,000 

12,600 
29,400 

3,600 
8,400 

— 
6,000 
— 

Total fees 

69,500 

60,000 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

6. Wages and salaries 
The average monthly number of persons (including all Directors) employed by the Group during the year was 
as follows: 

Administrative staff 
Research and development staff 
Directors 

Their aggregate emoluments were: 

Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Other pension and insurance benefits costs 
Total cash settled emoluments 
Accrued holiday pay 
Share-based payment remuneration charge: equity settled 
Total emoluments 

7. Directors’ emoluments 

Directors 
Aggregate emoluments 
Company pension contributions 
Share based payment remuneration charge: equity settled 
Gains made on exercise of directors’ share options 

 Year ended 
 31 March  
2010 

Year ended 
31 March 
2009 

— 
7 
6 
13 

1 
7 
6 
14 

 Year ended 
 31 March  
2010 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2009 
£ 

733,879  
71,980 
38,266 
844,125 
1,600 
225,909 
1,071,634 

688,713 
65,919 
38,640 
793,272 
15,078 
112,630 
920,980 

 Year ended 
 31 March 
2010 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2009 
£ 

502,144 
18,822 
185,824 
20,082 

372,030 
15,487 
112,495 
— 

Emoluments disclosed above include the following amounts in respect of the highest paid Director: 

Aggregate emoluments 
Company pension contributions 
Share based payment remuneration charge: equity settled 

 Year ended 
 31 March 
2010 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2009 
£ 

183,169 
7,980 
107,303 

154,701 
7,785 
83,726 

During the year, three Directors (2009: three Directors) participated in defined contribution pension schemes. 

Directors’ emoluments include amounts attributable to benefits in kind comprising private medical insurance 
on which the directors are assessed for tax purposes. The amounts attributable to benefits in kind are stated 
at cost to the Group, which is also the tax value of the attributable benefits. 

Further details of Directors’ emoluments are included in the Remuneration report on pages 17 to 21. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

8. Finance income and costs 

Bank interest receivable 
Finance costs payable 

 Year ended 
 31 March 
2010 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2009 
£ 

85,326 
— 
85,326 

65,161 
(10,017) 
55,144 

In respect of the year ended 31 March 2009, finance costs payable include a £10,000 inducement fee for the 
advancement of bridging loans which were provided to the Company on 4 August 2008, and repaid by the 
Company on 28 August 2008 as follows: 

RisingStars Growth Fund (RSGF) 
C D Buck 
N C Bain 

Bridging loans 
Advanced 4 August 2008 
Repaid 28 August 2008 

Amount 
of loan 
£ 
25,000 
15,000 
10,000 
50,000 

Inducement 
fee payable 
£ 
5,000 
3,000 
2,000 
10,000 

The  loans  were  effected  by  the  issue  by  the  Company  to  the  Lenders  of  loan  notes.  The  loan  notes  were 
unsecured and were not transferable by the relevant holders. 

The Company was obliged to pay interest on the principal sum for the period until it was repaid at the rate of 
20  per  cent  per  annum,  but  the  loan  note  holders  waived  their  entitlement  to  interest  when  the  loan  notes 
were repaid, on 28 August 2008. 

The RisingStars Growth Fund is managed by Enterprise Ventures Limited. The Chief Executive of Enterprise 
Ventures Limited is J B Diggines, a Non-executive Director of the Company who resigned on 17 September 
2009. C D Buck and N C Bain are currently Non-executive Directors of the Company. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

9. Taxation 

Current tax income 
United Kingdom corporation tax research and development credit 
Adjustment in respect of prior period 
United Kingdom corporation tax research and development credit 
Taxation credit 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2009 
£ 

50,000 

4,408 
54,408 

61,844 

(11,844) 
50,000 

The tax assessed for the year is different from the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK. The differences 
are explained below: 

Loss on ordinary activities before tax 

Loss on ordinary activities before tax multiplied by the 
standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 28% (2009: 28%) 
Effects of: 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Difference between depreciation and capital allowances 
Other short-term timing differences 
Unutilised tax losses and other deductions arising in the year 
Tax deduction for share options exercised 
Additional deduction for R&D expenditure 
Surrender of tax losses for R&D tax credit refund 
Adjustments in respect of prior years 
Total tax credit for the year 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2009 
£ 

1,702,588 

4,620,506 

476,725 

1,293,742 

3,540 
(5,854) 
(63,255) 
(442,056) 
80,900 
50,000 
(50,000) 
4,408 
54,408 

(892,032) 
(1,785) 
(27,444) 
(302,556) 
— 
51,221 
(59,302) 
(11,844) 
50,000 

At  31  March  2010  the  Group  UK  tax  losses  to  be  carried  forward  are  estimated  to  be  £13,398,578 
(2009: £11,307,528). 

Deferred tax 
Deferred tax assets amounting to £4,391,974 (2009: £3,217,536) have not been recognised on the basis that 
their  future  economic  benefit  is  not  certain.  Assuming  a  prevailing  tax  rate  of  28%  when  the  timing 
differences reverse, the unrecognised deferred tax asset comprises: 

Depreciation in excess of capital allowances 
Other short term timing differences 
Unutilised tax losses 
Share-based payments 

Income tax asset receivable within one year 

Corporation tax recoverable 

 Year ended 
 31 March 
2010 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2009 
£ 

16,903 
— 
3,639,702 
735,369 
 4,391,974 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

111,844 
111,844 

11,049 
— 
3,166,108 
40,379 
3,217,536 

31 March 
2009 
£ 

103,651 
103,651 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

10. Loss per share 
Basic  and  diluted  loss  per  share  amounts  are  calculated  by  dividing  the  loss  attributable  to  owners  of  the 
parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the period. 

There are 62,471,648 share options in issue (2009: 65,954,117) that are all currently anti-dilutive and have 
therefore been excluded from the calculations of the diluted loss per share. 

Basic and diluted loss per share amounts are in respect of all activities. Adjusted basic and diluted loss per 
share amounts exclude goodwill impairment. 

Loss – £ 

Year ended  
31 March 
2010  

Year ended  
31 March 
2009  

1,648,180 

4,570,506 

Weighted average number of shares 

937,060,783 

644,794,819 

Basic and diluted loss per share – pence 

0.18 

0.71 

Loss for the year attributable to owners of the parent - £ 

1,648,180 

4,570,506 

Adjustment 
Impairment of goodwill (note 12) 
Adjusted loss for the year attributable 
to owners of the parent - £ 

— 

(3,099,328) 

1,648,180 

1,471,178 

Adjusted basic and diluted loss per share - pence 

0.18 

0.23 

No shares have been issued after the year end in relation to the Equity Financing Facility. 

Share re-organisation 
A share re-organisation was carried out  in the  year ended 31 March 2009 on 28 August 2008 sub dividing 
each of the 401,724,366 issued existing ordinary shares with a nominal value of 1p each in the capital of the 
Company into one new ordinary share with a nominal value of 0.1p and one Deferred Share with a nominal 
value of 0.9p. The aggregate nominal value of the Company’s authorised share capital was not affected by 
these changes. 

The  rights  attached  to  the  new  ordinary  shares  are  substantially  the  same  as  the  rights  attached  to  the 
original, pre placing ordinary shares. The Deferred Shares have very limited rights which are deferred to the 
new ordinary shares. Holders of the Deferred Shares will not be entitled to receive notice of, attend or vote at 
general  meetings  of  the  Company;  nor  be  entitled  to  receive  any  dividends  or  any  payment  on  a  return  of 
capital until at least £10,000,000 has been paid on each new ordinary share. The Deferred Shares effectively 
carry no value as a result, and they do not form part of the loss per share calculations. 

The  weighted  average  number  of  shares  used  for  the  loss  per  share  calculations  represents  the  existing 
ordinary shares with a nominal value of 1p each in the capital of the Company for the period up to 28 August 
2008, and the new ordinary shares with a nominal value of 0.1p each in the capital of the Company for the 
period thereafter. See also note 17 to the consolidated financial statements on page 44. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

11. Intangible assets 

Cost 
At 1 April 2009 
Additions  
At 31 March 2010 

Amortisation and impairment 
At 1 April 2009 
At 31 March 2010 

Net book value 
At 31 March 2010 
At 31 March 2009 

Cost 
At 1 April 2008 
Additions  
At 31 March 2009 

Amortisation and impairment 
At 1 April 2008 
Impairment of goodwill charge 
At 31 March 2009 

Net book value 
At 31 March 2009 
At 31 March 2008 

Goodwill 

£ 

Development 
costs 
£ 

37,287 
20,646 
57,933 

7,265,277 
— 
7,265,277 

3,462,592 
3,462,592 

Total 

£ 

7,302,564 
20,646 
7,323,210 

— 
— 

3,462,592 
3,462,592 

3,802,685 
3,802,685 

57,933 
37,287 

3,860,618 
3,839,972 

7,265,277 
— 
7,265,277 

363,264 
3,099,328 
3,462,592 

20,597 
16,690 
37,287 

— 
— 
— 

7,285,874 
16,690 
7,302,564 

363,264 
3,099,328 
3,462,592 

3,802,685 
6,902,013 

37,287 
20,597 

3,839,972 
6,922,610 

Development costs represent costs incurred in registering patents that meet the capitalisation criteria set out 
in IAS 38, see also note 1. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

12. Goodwill and impairment 
Goodwill arising on consolidation represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the 
Group’s share of the net assets of the acquired subsidiary at the date of acquisition. 

Goodwill  arose  on  23  June  2005  when  the  Company  acquired  the  entire  issued  share  capital  of 
Provexis Natural Products Limited (formerly Provexis Limited), a private company engaged in research and 
development. Provexis Natural Products Limited has been consolidated using the purchase method and its 
results have been incorporated in the Group results from the date of acquisition. 

Goodwill  arising  on  business  combinations  is  not  amortised  but  is  reviewed  for  impairment  on  an  annual 
basis or more frequently if there are indications that goodwill may be impaired. 

The  recoverable  amount  of  goodwill  is  determined  based  on  value  in  use  calculations,  and  the  Group’s 
activities are treated as a single cash-generating unit. 

The  key  assumptions  for  the  value  in  use  calculations  are  those  regarding  discount  rates,  revenue 
commencement  dates,  growth  rates  and  expected  changes  in  margins  and  costs.  Management  estimate 
discount rates using pre-tax rates that reflect the current market assessment of the time value of money and 
the risks specific to the cash-generating unit. Changes in selling prices and direct costs are based on past 
experience and expectations of future changes in the market. 

The  value  in  use  calculations  have  used  post-tax  cash  flow  projections  for  ten  years  using  data  from  the 
Group’s latest internal forecasts. The forecasts are extrapolated beyond ten years at growth rates of between 
2% and 7% (2009:  between 2% and 7%). The results of the value in  use calculations are reviewed  by  the 
Board. 

The value in use calculations have been prepared for a period of greater than five years on account of the 
expected lives of the Group’s primary patents. 

The  values  used  in  the  Group’s  internal  forecasts  reflect  anticipated  market  developments,  following 
discussions with prospective customers and suppliers. The values used in the Group’s internal forecasts are 
also based on estimates of revenue commencement dates and expected changes in margins and costs. An 
element of the risk inherent in the forecast income streams, which remain subject to contracts being agreed 
with prospective customers, has been incorporated in the Group’s post-tax cash flow projections. 

Post-tax cash flow projections have been discounted to calculate value in use using a post-tax discount rate 
of  23%  (2009:  23%),  and  no  impairment  charge  was  required  in  the  year  (2009:  a  goodwill  impairment 
charge was required of £3,099,328). 

The post-tax discount rate is based on a number of factors including the risk-free rate in the UK, the Group's 
estimated  market  risk  premium,  and  a  premium  to  reflect  the  inherent  risk  of  the  forecast  income  streams 
included  in  the  Group’s  cash  flow  projections,  which  remain  subject  to  contracts  being  agreed  with 
prospective customers. 

Value  in  use  calculations  are  sensitive  to  changes  in  short  and  medium  term  revenue  and  cost  growth 
assumptions, long term growth rates and post-tax discount rates. 

The Group has conducted further goodwill impairment sensitivity analysis to include varying growth rates and 
margins,  changes  to  the  Group’s  cost  base,  varying  revenue  commencement  dates  and  other  strategic 
options for the business. 

At a post-tax discount rate of 23%, either a 10% reduction in forecast revenues or a 17% increase in forecast 
costs would result in a goodwill impairment charge at 31 March 2010. 

Delays in the forecast revenue commencement dates of one year would result in an impairment of goodwill 
charge at 31 March 2010, although this could be mitigated in part by cost savings. 

The post-tax discount rate would need to increase to 25.2% for the carrying value of goodwill to be equal to 
the calculated value in use. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

13. Plant and equipment 

Cost 
At 1 April 2009 
Additions 
At 31 March 2010 

Depreciation 
At 1 April 2009 
Charge for year 
At 31 March 2010 

Net book value 
At 31 March 2010 
At 31 March 2009 

Cost 
At 1 April 2008 
Additions 
At 31 March 2009 

Depreciation 
At 1 April 2008 
Charge for year 
At 31 March 2009 

Net book value 
At 31 March 2009 
At 31 March 2008 

  Fixtures, fittings 
and computer 
equipment 
£ 

Laboratory 
equipment 

Total 

£ 

£ 

41,433 
8,351 
49,784 

34,549 
4,702 
39,251 

10,533 
6,884 

  Fixtures, fittings 
and computer 
equipment 
£ 

38,113 
3,320 
41,433 

28,204 
6,345 
34,549 

6,884 
9,909 

79,169 
6,798 
85,967 

19,112 
16,206 
35,318 

50,649 
60,057 

Laboratory 
equipment 

120,602 
15,149 
135,751 

53,661 
20,908 
74,569 

61,182 
66,941 

Total 

£ 

£ 

68,725 
10,444 
79,169 

4,540 
14,572 
19,112 

60,057 
64,185 

106,838 
13,764 
120,602 

32,744 
20,917 
53,661 

66,941 
74,094 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

14. Trade and other receivables 

Amounts receivable within one year: 
Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Total loans and receivables 
Prepayments and accrued income 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

31 March 
2009 
£ 

— 
48,529 
48,529 
226,109 
274,638  

6,210 
25,995 
32,205 
44,737 
76,942 

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of these receivables approximates to their fair value. 

All amounts shown under receivables fall due for payment within one year. 

15. Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash at bank and in hand 

16. Trade and other payables 

Trade payables 
Other taxes and social security 
Accruals 
Total financial liabilities measured at amortised cost 

31 March  
2010 
£ 

31 March 
2009 
£ 

7,049,134 
7,049,134 

1,678,263 
1,678,263 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

87,409 
72,972 
135,117 
295,498 

31 March 
2009 
£ 

59,663 
30,415 
143,895 
233,973 

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of these liabilities approximates to their fair value. 

All amounts shown fall due within one year. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

17. Share capital 
On  30  September  2009  the  Company  raised  £1.024m  gross  from  the  first  tranche  of  a  £5.0m  gross  new 
share subscription to provide working capital and funding for pipeline development. The net proceeds of the 
first tranche of the share subscription were £0.956m after share issue costs. 

On 16 October 2009 the Company raised £3.976m gross from the second tranche of the £5.0m gross new 
share  subscription.  The  net  proceeds  of  the  second  tranche  of  the  share  subscription  were  £3.793m  after 
share issue costs. 

The £5.0m gross subscription involved the issue of 200,000,000 new ordinary shares at 2.5p per share. Full 
details of the subscription were provided in a circular to shareholders on 28 September 2009. The circular is 
available to download from the Company’s website www.provexis.com. 

On 3 December 2009 the Company announced that it proposed to raise up to a further £2.130m gross from 
an open offer to shareholders, with an excess application facility, involving the issue of up to 85,211,664 new 
ordinary shares at 2.5p per share. Full details of the open offer were provided in a circular to shareholders on 
3 December 2009, which is available to download from the Company’s website www.provexis.com. 

On 22 December 2009 the Company announced that: 
•  Qualifying  shareholders  had  applied  for  48,335,151  open  offer  shares  under  their  basic  pro  rata 

entitlement, representing 56.7 per cent. of the total number of offer shares available; 

•  The  number  of  open  offer  shares  applied  for  by  qualifying  shareholders  under  the  excess  application 
facility amounted to 336,326,065 shares, which meant that excess applications had to be scaled back on 
a pro rata basis, in proportion to the total number of excess shares applied for. The Company therefore 
issued 36,876,513 open offer shares under the excess application facility. 

The net proceeds of the open offer were £1.980m after share issue costs. 

Warrant reserve 
On 31 March 2010 the Company announced that it had secured a 3 year Equity Financing Facility of up to 
£25m (the “EFF”) with Evolution Securities Limited (“Evolution”). The EFF was arranged by Darwin Strategic 
Limited (“Darwin”), an appointed representative of Evolution. 

The EFF agreement, which is dated 30 March 2010, provides the Company with a facility which (subject to 
certain limited restrictions) can be drawn down at any time over the 3 years ending on 29 March 2013. The 
timing and amount of any draw down is at the discretion of Provexis. Provexis is under no obligation to make 
a draw down and may make as many draw downs as its wishes, up to the total value of the EFF, by way of 
issuing subscription notices to Evolution. Following delivery of a subscription notice, Evolution will subscribe 
and Provexis will allot to Evolution new ordinary shares of 0.1p each (“Ordinary Shares”). 

The subscription price for any Ordinary Shares to be subscribed by Evolution under a subscription notice will 
be  at  a  7.5%  discount  to  an  agreed  reference  price  determined  during  5,  10  or  15  trading  days  following 
delivery of a subscription notice (the “Pricing Period”). The length of the Pricing Period is at the discretion of 
Provexis  and  is  set  at  each  relevant  subscription  notice.  Provexis  is  also  obliged  to  specify  in  each 
subscription notice a minimum price below which Ordinary Shares will not be issued. 

In  consideration  of  Evolution  agreeing  to  provide  the  EFF  the  Company  entered  into  a  warrant  agreement 
dated 30 March 2010 for the grant to Evolution of warrants to subscribe for up to ten million Ordinary Shares, 
such warrants to be exercisable at a price of 20 pence per share and to be exercisable at any time prior to 
the expiry of 36 months following the date of the warrant agreement. 

The  warrants  were  measured  at  fair  value  at  the  date  of  grant  using  a  Black-Scholes  model,  with  the 
following assumptions: 

Date of 
grant 

Exercise 
price 

Number of 
warrants 

pence 

Share 
price at 
grant date 

pence 

Expected 
volatility 

Risk free 
rate 

Expected 
life 

years 

Fair value 
per share 
under 
warrant 
pence 

30-Mar-10 

20.0  10,000,000 

6.3 

70% 

1.77% 

3 

1.1598 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

17. Share capital (continued) 
Warrant reserve (continued) 
An expected dividend yield of 0% was used in the above valuation. 

The  assumption  made  for  the  expected  life  of  the  warrants  is  not  necessarily  indicative  of  the  exercise 
patterns  that  may  occur.  The  expected  volatility  reflects  the  assumption  that  the  historical  volatility 
is indicative of future trends, which may not necessarily be the actual outcome. 

The total fair value of the warrants, £115,980, has been held on the balance sheet within prepayments and in 
the  warrants  reserve  within  equity.  The  prepayment  will  be  released  against  share  premium  as  the  equity 
financing facility is utilised. The warrants reserve will be released to share premium when the warrants are 
exercised. If the warrants lapse then the reserve is transferred to retained earnings. 

Evolution  or  the  Company  may  terminate  the  EFF  in  specified  circumstances.  The  issue  of  subscription 
notices  is  subject  to  specified  pre-conditions.  The  Company  has  provided  warranties  and  indemnities  to 
Evolution and affiliated persons. If the aggregate price paid for the Ordinary Shares allotted under the EFF 
by  the  second  anniversary  of  the  EFF  is  not  equal  to  or  more  than  five  million  pounds  (subject  to  certain 
exceptions),  or  if  the  EFF  is  terminated  by  Evolution  in  certain  circumstances,  then  the  Company  will  be 
required to pay a fee to Evolution amounting to 1% of the value of the facility in cash or by an issue of fully 
paid ordinary shares at the Company’s discretion. 

Share re-organisation 
In  August  2008,  to  facilitate  a  share  placing,  the  company  undertook  a  share  re-organisation  when  It  was 
agreed to sub-divide: 

•  each of the 401,724,366 then issued existing ordinary shares of 1p each in the capital of the Company 

into one new ordinary share of 0.1p and one Deferred Share of 0.9p; and 

•  each of the 148,275,634 unissued ordinary shares of 1p each into 10 new ordinary shares of 0.1p each, 

The share re-organisation was approved at an EGM on 26 August 2008. 

The  rights  attached  to  the  new  ordinary  shares  are  substantially  the  same  as  the  rights  attached  to  the 
original, pre placing ordinary shares. The Deferred Shares have very limited rights which are deferred to the 
new  ordinary  shares  and  effectively  carry  no  value  as  a  result.  Accordingly,  the  holders  of  the  Deferred 
Shares  are  not  entitled  to  receive  notice  of,  attend  or  vote  at  general  meetings  of  the  Company;  nor  be 
entitled to receive any dividends or any payment on a return of capital until at least £10,000,000 has been 
paid  on  each  new  ordinary  share.  No  application  will  be  made  for  the  Deferred  Shares  to  be  admitted  to 
trading on AIM. No certificates for the Deferred Shares will be issued. 

Full details of the share re-organisation were provided in a circular to shareholders on 1 August 2008. The 
circular is available to download from the Company’s website www.provexis.com. 

Authorised 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
number 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
number 

Total 

number 

At 31 March 2010 and 31 March 2009 

1,884,480,706 

401,724,366 

2,286,205,072 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
£ 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
£ 

Total 

£ 

At 31 March 2010 and 31 March 2009 

1,884,481 

3,615,519 

5,500,000 

Authorised 

Ordinary 
1p shares 
number 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
number 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
number 

Total 

number 

At 31 March 2008 
Sub-division of shares 
At 31 March 2009 

550,000,000 
(550,000,000) 
— 

— 
1,884,480,706 
1,884,480,706 

— 
401,724,366 
401,724,366 

550,000,000 
1,736,205,072 
2,286,205,072 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

17. Share capital (continued) 

At 31 March 2008 
Sub-division of shares 
At 31 March 2009 

Allotted, called up and fully paid 

Ordinary 
1p shares 
£ 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
£ 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
£ 

5,500,000 
(5,500,000) 
— 

— 
1,884,481 
1,884,481 

— 
3,615,519 
3,615,519 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
number 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
number 

Total 

£ 

5,500,000 
— 
5,500,000 

Total 

number 

At 31 March 2009 
Issued on exercise of share options 
Issued on subscription 
Issued on open offer 
At 31 March 2010 

819,387,796 
3,482,469 
200,000,000 
85,211,664 
1,108,081,929 

401,724,366 
— 
— 
— 
401,724,366 

1,221,112,162 
3,482,469 
200,000,000 
85,211,664 
1,509,806,295 

At 31 March 2009 
Issued on exercise of share options 
Issued on subscription 
Issued on open offer 
At 31 March 2010 

Allotted, called up and fully paid 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
£ 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
£ 

819,388 
3,482 
200,000 
85,212 
1,108,082 

3,615,519 
— 
— 
— 
3,615,519 

Ordinary 
1p shares 
number 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
number 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
number 

Total 

£ 

4,434,907 
3,482 
200,000 
85,212 
4,723,601 

Total 

number 

At 31 March 2008 
Sub-division of shares 
Share placing 28 August 2008 
Share placing 2 October 2008 
At 31 March 2009 

401,724,366 
(401,724,366) 
— 
— 
— 

— 
401,724,366 
386,894,230 
30,769,200 
819,387,796 

— 
401,724,366 
— 
— 
401,724,366 

401,724,366 
401,724,366 
386,894,230 
30,769,200 
1,221,112,162 

At 31 March 2008 
Sub-division of shares 
Share placing 28 August 2008 
Share placing 2 October 2008 
At 31 March 2009 

Ordinary 
1p shares 
£ 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
£ 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
£ 

4,017,244 
(4,017,244) 
— 
— 
— 

— 
401,725 
386,894 
30,769 
819,388 

— 
3,615,519 
— 
— 
3,615,519 

Total 

£ 

4,017,244 
— 
386,894 
30,769 
4,434,907 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

17. Share capital (continued) 
During the year ended 31 March 2010 the Company issued ordinary shares of 0.1p each as follows: 

Date 

Reason for issue 

04.09.09 
11.09.09 
30.09.09 
16.10.09 
22.12.09 
19.02.10 

Exercise of share options 
Exercise of share options 
Share subscription 
Share subscription 
Open offer 
Exercise of share options  

Shares issued 

£ 

Number 

1,768 
1,384 
40,969 
159,031 
85,212 
330 
288,694 

1,768,180 
1,383,989 
40,969,390 
159,030,610 
85,211,664 
330,300 
288,694,133 

During the year ended 31 March 2009 the Company issued ordinary shares of 0.1p as follows: 

Date 

Reason for issue 

28.08.08 
02.10.08 

Placing 
Placing 

Shares issued 

£ 

Number 

386,894 
30,769 
417,663 

386,894,230 
30,769,200 
417,663,430 

18. Share options 
In June  2005 the Company  adopted a  new share option  scheme for employees (”the Provexis 2005 share 
option  scheme”).  Under  the  scheme,  options  to  purchase  ordinary  shares  are  granted  by  the  Board  of 
Directors, subject to the exercise price of the option being not less than the market value at the grant date. 
The  options  typically  vest  after  a  period  of  3  years  and  the  vesting  schedule  is  subject  to  predetermined 
overall company selection criteria. In the event that the option holder’s employment is terminated, the option 
may not be exercised unless the Board of Directors so permits. The options expire 10  years from the date 
of grant. 

The Company undertook a reverse takeover of Provexis Natural Products Limited (“PNP”, formerly Provexis 
Limited) in June 2005 through a share for share exchange. Prior to the takeover the Company and PNP had 
granted EMI options and unapproved options. Options granted by the Company prior to the takeover remain 
subject  to  the  same  terms  as  contained  in  the  individual  share  option  contracts  under  which  they  were 
originally  granted.  The  PNP  EMI  options  and  unapproved  options  were  rolled  over  into  options  over  the 
Company’s ordinary shares, and these replacement options remain subject to the same terms as contained 
in the individual PNP share option contracts under which they were originally granted. 

On  1  September  2008  the  Company  announced  that  further  to  an  announcement  on  1  August  2008  the 
Company's Remuneration Committee had approved the grant of options over 44,166,575 ordinary shares of 
0.1p each to certain Directors and employees of the Company. As a condition of the grant of options, certain 
Directors  surrendered  19,089,110  existing  options  and  an  additional  3,709,384  existing  options  were 
surrendered by other existing employees. 

On  15  October  2009  the  Company’s  Remuneration  Committee  modified  the  Performance  Period  and 
Performance  Target  of  share  options  over  42,000,000  ordinary  shares  of  0.1p  each  held  by  the  Executive 
Directors of the Company. 

Following  the  changes  agreed  to  the  Performance  Period  and  Performance  Target,  share  options  over 
21,000,000  ordinary  shares  of  0.1p  each  held  by  the  Executive  Directors  of  the  Company  vested  on  15 
October 2009. Share options over 21,000,000 ordinary shares of 0.1p each held by certain Directors of the 
Company will vest on 1 April 2011. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

18. Share options (continued) 
At 31 March 2010 the number of ordinary shares subject to options granted over the 2005 and prior option 
schemes were: 

EMI options 

31 March 2010 

31 March 2009 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
(pence) 

Number 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
(pence) 

Number 

Outstanding at the beginning of the year 
Granted during the year 
Exercised during the year 
Cancelled during the year 
Outstanding at the end of the year 

1.15 
—  
2.75 
—  
1.07 

54,198,000 
— 
(2,645,969) 
— 
51,552,031 

3.72  10,274,255 
0.91  51,727,855 
— 
—  
3.18 
(7,804,110) 
1.15  54,198,000 

The  exercise  price  of  EMI  options  outstanding  at  the  end  of  the  year  ranged  between  0.9p  and  6.28p 
(2009: 0.9p and 6.28p) and their weighted average contractual life was 8.3 years (2009: 9.3 years). 

Of  the  total  number  of  EMI  options  outstanding  at  the  end  of  the  year,  23,709,976  (2009:  5,355,945)  had 
vested and  were exercisable at the end of the  year.  Their weighted average exercise price  was  1.8  pence 
(2009: 3.4 pence). 

Unapproved options 

31 March 2010 
Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
(pence) 

Number 

31 March 2009 

Number 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
(pence) 

Outstanding at the beginning of the year 
Granted during the year 
Exercised during the year 
Cancelled during the year 
Outstanding at the end of the year 

—  
4.20 
—  

1.39  11,756,117 
— 
(836,500) 
— 
1.18  10,919,617 

2.70 
0.90 
—  
2.81 
1.39 

24,199,121 
7,324,520 
— 
(19,767,524) 
11,756,117 

The exercise price of unapproved options outstanding at the end of the year ranged between 0.9p and 6.28p 
(2009: 0.9p and 6.28p) and their weighted average contractual life was 7.3 years (2009: 8.2 years). 

Of the total number of unapproved options outstanding at the end of the year, 3,595,097 (2009: 4,431,597) 
had  vested  and  were  exercisable  at  the  end  of  the  year.  Their  weighted  average  exercise  price  was  1.7 
pence (2009: 2 pence). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

18. Share options (continued) 
Grant of options 
The fair values of the options have been estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes model, using 
the following assumptions: 

Tranche 

Date of 
grant 

Exercise 
price 

Number of 
options 

pence 

1 
2 
3 
4 

06-Jun-07 
29-Nov-07 
26-Aug-08 
01-Oct-08 

3.38 

2.875  17,304,347 
2,751,479 
0.9  44,166,575 
0.9  12,000,000 

Share 
price at 
grant 
date 

pence 

2.75 
3.00 
0.87 
0.725 

Expected 
volatility 

Risk free 
rate 

Expected 
life 

Fair value 
per share 
under 
option 

78% 
65% 
65% 
65% 

4.44% 
3.77% 
4.45% 
4.39% 

years 

pence 

10 
10 
10 
10 

1.42 
1.06 
0.585 
0.485 

An expected dividend yield of 0% has been used in all of the above valuations. 

The expected life of the options is based on historical data and is not necessarily indicative of the exercise 
patterns  that  may  occur.  The  expected  volatility  reflects  the  assumption  that  the  historical  volatility 
is indicative of future trends, which may not necessarily be the actual outcome. 

total  charge 

The 
(2009: £112,630) all of which related to equity settled share-based payment transactions. 

to  employee  share-based  payment  plans  was  £225,909 

the  year  relating 

for 

Share re-organisation 
A share re-organisation was carried out on 28 August 2008, sub dividing  each  of 
then 
issued existing ordinary shares with a nominal value of 1p each in the capital of the Company into one new 
ordinary share with a nominal value of 0.1p and one Deferred Share with a nominal value of 0.9p. 

the  401,724,366 

The  rights  attached  to  the  new  ordinary  shares  are  substantially  the  same  as  the  rights  attached  to  the 
original, pre placing ordinary shares. The Deferred Shares have very limited rights which are deferred to the 
new ordinary shares, and effectively carry no value as a result. 

Share options which had been granted prior to 28 August 2008 over existing ordinary shares with a nominal 
value  of  1p  each  in  the  capital  of  the  Company  became  options  over  new  ordinary  shares  with  a  nominal 
value of 0.1p each in the capital of the Company. The options remain subject to the same terms as contained 
in the individual option contracts under which they were originally granted. 

Share  options  issued  after  28  August  2008  are  options  over  new  ordinary  shares  with  a  nominal  value  of 
0.1p each in the capital of the Company. 

See also note 17 to the consolidated financial statements on page 44. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

19. Reserves 

At 1 April 2008 
Loss for the year 
Share-based charges 
Issue of shares – placing 
Reduction of premium 
on share issue 
At 31 March 2009 
Loss for the year 
Share-based charges 
Issue  of  shares  -  exercise of 
share options 
Issue of shares - subscription  
Issue of shares - open offer 
Warrants  issued  during  the 
year - equity financing facility 
At 31 March 2010 

Share 
premium 
reserve 
£ 

5,992,212 
— 
— 
2,046,460 

(59,114) 
7,979,558 
— 
— 

104,417 
4,548,729 
1,894,573 

Warrant 
reserve 

Merger 
reserve 

Retained 
earnings  

Total  

£ 

— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 

£ 

£ 

£ 

6,273,909 
— 
— 
— 

— 
6,273,909 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 

(8,698,702) 
(4,570,506) 
112,630 
— 

3,567,419 
(4,570,506) 
112,630 
2,046,460 

— 
(13,156,578) 
(1,648,180) 
225,909 

(59,114) 
1,096,889 
(1,648,180) 
225,909 

— 
— 
— 

104,417 
4,548,729 
1,894,573 

— 
14,527,277 

115,980 
115,980 

— 
6,273,909 

— 
(14,578,849) 

115,980 
6,338,317 

The following describes the nature and purpose of each reserve within total equity: 

Share capital 
Share premium 
Warrant reserve 

Merger reserve 

Retained earnings 

Amount subscribed for share capital at nominal value. 
Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value. 
The  warrant  reserve  arose  in  March  2010  when  the  Group  issued  warrants  to 
Evolution Securities Limited as part of the Equity Financing Facility (see Note 17). 
The  merger  reserve  arose  on  the  reverse  takeover  in  2005  of  Provexis  Natural 
Products  Limited  (formerly  Provexis  Limited)  by  Provexis  plc  through  a  share  for 
share exchange. 
Cumulative  net  gains  and  losses  recognised  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive income. 

20. Pension costs 
The  pension  charge  represents  contributions  payable  by  the  Group  to  independently  administered  funds 
which  during  the  year  ended  31  March  2010  amounted  to  £31,581  (2009:  £31,726).  Pension  contributions 
payable but not yet paid at 31 March 2010 totalled £16,368, in respect of pension contribution entitlements 
where  employees  had  not  yet  provided  details  of  the  funds  to  which  the  contributions  should  be  made 
(2009: £12,450).  In  addition,  pension  contributions  payable  in  arrears  at  31  March  2010  totalled  £1,189 
(2009: £9). All unpaid contributions are included in accrued social security costs at the balance sheet date. 

21. Operating lease commitments 
Future minimum rentals payable under non-cancellable operating leases are as follows: 

Due within 1 year 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

86,500 
86,500 

31 March 
2009 
£ 

82,875 
82,875 

Operating  lease  payments  represent  rentals  payable  by  the  Group  for  various  offices.  The  leases  have 
various terms, escalation clauses and renewal rights typical of lease agreements for the class of asset. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

22. Related party transactions 
On  12  February  2010  the  Company  announced  that  it  had  entered  into  a  Letter  of  Intent  (“LOI”)  for  its 
Fruitflow® technology with DSM Nutritional Products (“DSM”). 

The LOI provided a framework for the parties to develop a long-term Alliance Agreement (the “Agreement”), 
giving DSM exclusive global rights to Fruitflow®. 

On 1 June 2010 the Company signed a long-term Alliance Agreement with DSM Nutritional Products, which 
will see the Company collaborate with DSM to develop Fruitflow® in all major global markets. 

DSM is classified as a related party of the Group in accordance with IAS 24 as it holds shares in the Group. 
Further, K Rietveld is a director of the Company, and a senior employee of DSM. The directors of Provexis 
(the "Directors"), having consulted with Evolution Securities Limited ("Evolution  Securities"), the Company's 
nominated  adviser,  consider  that  the  terms  of  the  letter  of  intent  and  the  Alliance  Agreement  are  fair  and 
reasonable insofar as Provexis's shareholders are concerned. In providing advice to the Directors, Evolution 
Securities has taken into account the Directors' commercial assessments. 

On  4  August  2008  C  D  Buck,  N  C  Bain  and  The  RisingStars  Growth  Fund,  which  is  connected  to  J  B 
Diggines, advanced bridging loans to the Company totalling £50,000. The bridging loans were repaid by the 
Company on 28 August 2008. Bridging loan inducement fees totalling £10,000 were paid to C D Buck, N C 
Bain and The RisingStars Growth Fund, see note 8 on page 37 for further details. 

Transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated on consolidation. 

Key management compensation 
The Directors represent the key management personnel. Details of their compensation and share options are 
given in note 7 and within the Remuneration report on pages 17 to 21. 

23. Post balance sheet events 
On  1  June  2010  the  Company  announced  a  long-term  Alliance  Agreement  with  DSM  Nutritional  Products, 
which will see the Company collaborate with DSM to develop Fruitflow® in all major global markets. DSM will 
invest  substantially  in  the  manufacture,  technology  development,  marketing  and  sale  of  Fruitflow®  in  the 
coming  years.  Provexis  will  continue  to  contribute  scientific  expertise  and  will  collaborate  in  areas  such  as 
cost of goods optimisation and regulatory matters. The financial model is based upon the division of profits 
between  the two partners  on an agreed basis, linked to certain revenue targets, following the  deduction of 
the  cost  of  goods  and  a  fixed  level  of  overhead  from  sales.  The  Company  is  working  closely  with  DSM  in 
various areas related to launch planning. It is not possible to determine the financial impact of the Alliance 
Agreement at this time. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Parent company balance sheet 

Company number 05102907 

Fixed assets 
Investments 

Current assets 
Debtors - due within one year 
Debtors - due after one year 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets 

Net current assets 

Total net assets 

Capital and reserves 
Share capital 
Share premium reserve 
Warrant reserve 
Retained earnings 
Equity shareholders’ funds 

As at  
31 March 
2010 
£ 

As at  
31 March 
2009 
£ 

Notes 

3 

4 
4 
5 

7 
8 
8 
8 
9 

1,117,336 

1,117,336 

115,980 
5,285,050 
6,979,011 
12,380,041 

— 
3,537,113 
1,664,626 
5,201,739 

12,380,041 

5,201,739 

13,497,377 

6,319,075 

4,723,601 
14,527,277 
115,980 
(5,869,481) 
13,497,377 

4,434,907 
7,979,558 
— 
(6,095,390) 
6,319,075 

These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board on 1 June 2010. 
The notes on pages 53 to 57 form part of these parent company financial statements. 

Stephen Moon  
Director  

Ian Ford 
Director 

On behalf of the Board of Provexis plc 
1 June 2010 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the parent company financial statements 

1. Accounting policies 
The  parent  company  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  under  the  historical  cost  convention  and  in 
accordance with UK GAAP.  

Share-based employee remuneration 
The Company has no employees however the Company will issue shares to satisfy share awards made by 
its  subsidiary  companies.  The  Company  records  a  management  charge  equivalent  to  the  fair  value  of  the 
share-based payment incurred by its subsidiaries as disclosed in note 8 on page 56. 

Taxation 
Current  tax,  including  UK  corporation  tax  is  provided  at  amounts  expected  to  be  paid  (or  recovered)  using 
the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. 

Deferred  tax  balances  are  recognised  in  respect  of  all  timing  differences  that  have  originated  but  not 
reversed by the balance sheet date, except that the recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent 
that  the  Company  anticipates  making  sufficient  taxable  profits  in  the  future  to  absorb  the  reversal  of  the 
underlying timing differences. Deferred tax balances are not discounted. 

Valuation of investments 
Investments are stated at cost less any provision for impairment. Profits or losses arising from disposals of 
fixed asset investments are treated as part of the result from ordinary activities. 

Warrants 
The Group has issued warrants to Evolution Securities Limited as part of the Equity Financing Facility. These 
are considered to be outside the scope of share-based employee remuneration, and hence out of the scope 
of  FRS20.  These  warrants  have  been  measured  at  fair  value  at  the  date  of  grant  using  an  appropriate 
options  pricing  model.  This  fair  value  has  been  held  on  the  balance  sheet  within  prepayments  and  in  the 
warrants  reserve  within  equity.  The  prepayment  will  be  released  against  share  premium  as  the  equity 
financing facility is utilised. The warrants reserve will be released to share premium when the warrants are 
exercised.  If the warrants lapse then the reserve is transferred to retained earnings. 

2. Profit attributable to shareholders 
As permitted by Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 no separate Company profit and loss account has 
been  included  in  these  financial  statements.  The  Group  loss  for  the  year  includes  a  loss  after  tax  of  £Nil 
(2009: £10,003) which is dealt with in the financial statements of the Company. The total fees of the Group’s 
auditor, BDO LLP, for services provided are analysed in note 5 to the consolidated financial statements on 
page 35. Total fees for the year were £69,500 (2009: £60,000). 

The parent company  did not have any employees  in  the  year  and therefore there  were  no  payroll costs or 
pension costs (2009: Nil). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the parent company financial statements continued 

3. Investments 

Cost 
Provision for impairment 
Net book value 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

1,382,919 
(265,583) 
1,117,336 

31 March  
2009 
£ 

1,382,919 
(265,583) 
1,117,336 

At 31 March 2010 the Company owned the following material subsidiary undertakings: 

Share of issued 
ordinary share 
capital, and voting 
rights 

Country of 
incorporation and 
operation 

Business activity 

Provexis Nutrition Limited 

100% 

England and Wales 

Provexis Natural Products Limited 

100% 

England and Wales 

Provexis (IBD) Limited 

75% 

England and Wales 

Functional food, 
medical food and 
dietary supplement 
technologies 
Functional food, 
medical food and 
dietary supplement 
technologies 
Functional food, 
medical food and 
dietary supplement 
technologies 

Altucea Limited, previously a dormant material subsidiary undertaking, was dissolved on 1 September 2009. 

There are no significant restrictions on the ability of subsidiary undertakings to transfer funds to the parent, 
other than those imposed by the Companies Act 2006. 

4. Debtors 

Debtors falling due within one year 
Prepayments and accrued income 
Total debtors falling due within one year 

Debtors falling due after one year 
Amounts owed by subsidiaries 
Total debtors falling due after one year 

Total debtors 

5. Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash at bank and in hand 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

115,980 
115,980 

5,285,050 
5,285,050 

5,401,030 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

6,979,011 
6,979,011 

 31 March 
2009 
£ 

— 
— 

3,537,113 
— 

3,537,113 

 31 March 
2009 
£ 

1,664,626 
1,664,626 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the parent company financial statements continued 

6. Deferred tax 

Deferred tax assets amounting to £153,128 (2009: £72,229) have not been recognised on the basis that their 
future economic benefit is not certain.  

7. Share capital 
Authorised 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
number 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
Number 

Total 

number 

At 31 March 2010 and 31 March 2009 

1,884,480,706 

401,724,366 

2,286,205,072 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
£ 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
£ 

Total 

£ 

At 31 March 2010 and 31 March 2009 

1,884,481 

3,615,519 

5,500,000 

Authorised 

Ordinary 
1p shares 
number 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
number 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
Number 

Total 

number 

At 31 March 2008 
Sub-division of shares 
At 31 March 2009 

550,000,000 
(550,000,000) 
— 

— 
1,884,480,706 
1,884,480,706 

— 
401,724,366 
401,724,366 

550,000,000 
1,736,205,072 
2,286,205,072 

At 31 March 2008 
Sub-division of shares 
At 31 March 2009 

Allotted, called up and fully paid 

At 31 March 2009 
Issued on exercise of share options 
Issued on subscription 
Issued on open offer 
At 31 March 2010 

At 31 March 2009 
Issued on exercise of share options 
Issued on subscription 
Issued on open offer 
At 31 March 2010 

Ordinary 
1p shares 
£ 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
£ 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
£ 

5,500,000 
(5,500,000) 
— 

— 
1,884,481 
1,884,481 

— 
3,615,519 
3,615,519 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
number 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
Number 

Total 

£ 

5,500,000 
— 
5,500,000 

Total 

number 

819,387,796 
3,482,469 
200,000,000 
85,211,664 
1,108,081,929 

401,724,366 
— 
— 
— 
401,724,366 

1,221,112,162 
3,482,469 
200,000,000 
85,211,664 
1,509,806,295 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
£ 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
£ 

819,388 
3,482 
200,000 
85,212 
1,108,082 

3,615,519 
— 
— 
— 
3,615,519 

Total 

£ 

4,434,907 
3,482 
200,000 
85,212 
4,723,601 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the parent company financial statements continued 

7. Share capital (continued) 

Allotted, called up and fully paid 

Ordinary 
1p shares 
number 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
number 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
Number 

Total 

number 

At 31 March 2008 
Sub-division of shares 
Share placing 28 August 2008 
Share placing 2 October 2008 
At 31 March 2009 

401,724,366 
(401,724,366) 
— 
— 
— 

— 
401,724,366 
386,894,230 
30,769,200 
819,387,796 

— 
401,724,366 
— 
— 
401,724,366 

401,724,366 
401,724,366 
386,894,230 
30,769,200 
1,221,112,162 

At 31 March 2008 
Sub-division of shares 
Share placing 28 August 2008 
Share placing 2 October 2008 
At 31 March 2009 

Ordinary 
1p shares 
£ 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
£ 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
£ 

4,017,244 
(4,017,244) 
— 
— 
— 

— 
401,725 
386,894 
30,769 
819,388 

— 
3,615,519 
— 
— 
3,615,519 

Total 

£ 

4,017,244 
— 
386,894 
30,769 
4,434,907 

Details  of  the  share  subscriptions,  share  placings,  the  share  re-organisation  carried  out  and  the  shares 
issued by the Company during the two years ended 31 March 2010 are given in note 17 to the consolidated 
financial statements on pages 44 to 47. 

Details on the share option scheme and share based payment charge for the year are given in note 18 to the 
consolidated financial statements on page 47 to 49. 

8. Reserves 

Share 
premium 
reserve 
£ 

Warrant 
reserve 

Retained 
earnings 

£ 

£ 

At 1 April 2009 
Retained loss for the year 
Share-based charges 
Shares issued during the year - exercise of share options 
Shares issued during the year - subscription  
Shares issued during the year - open offer 
Warrants issued during the year - equity financing facility 
At 31 March 2010 

7,979,558 
— 
— 
104,417 
4,548,729 
1,894,573 
— 
14,527,277 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
115,980 
115,980 

(6,095,390) 
— 
225,909 
— 
— 
— 
— 
(5,869,481) 

9. Shareholders’ funds 
Reconciliation of movement in shareholders’ funds. 

Loss for year 
Share-based payment charge (note 17 – page 44) 
Shares issued during the year 
Premium on shares issued 
Reduction of premium on share issue 
Warrants issued during the year - equity financing facility 
Net additions to shareholders’ funds 
Opening shareholders’ funds 
Closing shareholders’ funds 

31 March  
2010 
£ 

— 
225,909 
288,694 
6,547,719 
— 
115,980 
7,178,302 
6,319,075 
13,497,377 

31 March  
2009 
£ 

(10,003) 
112,630 
417,663 
2,046,460 
(59,114) 
— 
2,507,636 
3,811,439 
6,319,075 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the parent company financial statements continued 

10. Related party transactions 
The Company has taken advantage of the exemption conferred by Financial Reporting Standard 8 “Related 
party disclosures” not to disclose transactions with 100% owned members of the Group headed Provexis plc 
on  the  grounds  that  100%  of  the  voting  rights  of  the  Company  are  controlled  within  that  Group  and  the 
Company is included in the consolidated financial statements. 

Provexis  (IBD)  Limited  is  75%  owned  by  Provexis  plc  and  25%  owned  by  Ulive  Enterprises  Limited.  Ulive 
Enterprises Limited is 75% owned by The University of Liverpool. 

Provexis  plc  wholly  owns  Provexis  Nutrition  Limited  and  Provexis  Natural  Products  Limited.  Provexis 
Nutrition  Limited,  Provexis  Natural  Products  Limited  and  Provexis  (IBD)  Limited  are  under  the  common 
control of Provexis plc. 

The Company did not trade with Provexis (IBD) Limited during the year ended 31 March 2010 (2009: Nil). At 
31 March 2010 the Company was owed £5,509 by Provexis (IBD) Limited (31 March 2009: owed £5,509). 

Provexis  (IBD)  Limited  does  not  have  a  bank  account,  and  all  its  cash  accounting  transactions  during  the 
year  were  processed  by  Provexis  plc,  Provexis  Nutrition  Limited  and  Provexis  Natural  Products  Limited 
(“Provexis  group  companies”).  Amounts  transacted  by  Provexis  (IBD)  Limited  with  Provexis  group 
companies are charged through inter company accounts and the net amount transacted during the year was 
£380,094 (2009: £325,932). Provexis (IBD) Limited owed Provexis group companies a total of £880,755 at 
31 March 2010 (31 March 2009: owed £500,661). 

During the year ended 31 March 2009 the Company received and repaid £50,000 of bridging loans in August 
2008 from certain directors and connected parties, and it paid an inducement fee of £10,000 to those parties 
for the bridging loans. See also note 8 to the consolidated financial statements on page 37. 

Details of a related party transaction with DSM are given in note 22 to the consolidated financial statements 
on page 51. 

11. Post balance sheet events 
Details  of  post  balance  sheet  events  are  given  in  note  23  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements  on 
page 51. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company information 

Company number 

05102907 

Directors 

Audit committee 

Remuneration committee 

Registrars 

Secretary and registered office 

C D Buck 
N C Bain 
K Rietveld 
S N Moon 
S N Morrison 
I Ford 

N C Bain 
C D Buck 

C D Buck 
N C Bain 
K Rietveld 

Equiniti Limited 
Aspect House 
Spencer Road 
Lancing 
West Sussex BN99 6DA 

I Ford 
Thames Court 
1 Victoria Street 
Windsor 
Berkshire SL4 1YB 

Nominated adviser and broker  

Evolution Securities Limited 
100 Wood Street 
London EC2V 7AN 

Principal solicitors 

Auditors 

Shoosmiths 
Apex Plaza 
Forbury Road 
Reading 
Berkshire RG1 1SH 

BDO LLP 
Kings Wharf 
20–30 Kings Road 
Reading 
Berkshire RG1 3EX 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2010   

58