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FY2011 Annual Report · Pyxis Tankers
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Provexis plc 

Annual report and accounts 2011 

Company number 05102907 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contents 

1 
2 
3 
4 
6 
8 
14 
19 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
47 
48 
52 

Corporate statement 
Key highlights 
Chairman‟s statement 
Chief Executive‟s statement 
Directors‟ report – financial review 
Directors‟ report – business overview 
Directors‟ report – remuneration report 
Independent auditor‟s report 
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 
Consolidated statement of financial position 
Consolidated statement of cash flows 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
Parent company balance sheet 
Notes to the parent company financial statements 
Company information 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate statement 

The  Provexis  strategy  is  the  discovery,  development  and  licensing  of  scientifically-proven  functional  food, 
medical food and dietary supplement technologies, with five areas of focus: 

  Collaborating with leading research institutes to identify and develop proprietary technologies 

  Developing credible scientific proof to demonstrate efficacy and support product claims 

  Gaining regulatory and safety clearances in relevant global markets 

 

Implementing global IP strategies, underpinned by strong patent portfolios 

  Commercialising  technologies  through  collaboration  and  licensing  with  global  brand  owners  and 

ingredients corporations. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key highlights 

Key highlights 

  The Company has entered into a conditional agreement to acquire SiS (Science in Sport) Limited for a 
consideration  of  £8m,  partially  funded  by  a  £2.5m  conditional  placing  at  1.5p  per  share,  which  is 
expected to complete on 24 June 2011.  

  Good progress to commercialise Fruitflow® heart-health technology in all major global markets under the 

Alliance Agreement with DSM Nutritional Products. 

  Clinical trial for NSP#3G for Crohn‟s disease patients progressed through interim review with focus now 

on opening new trial centres to complete patient recruitment.  

  Collaboration  with  Institute  of  Food  Research  for  the  reduction  of  cardiovascular  inflammation  and  the 

reduction of risk of certain cancers making good progress with the first human trials underway. 

  Agreement entered into with DSM Nutritional Products to develop technology for management of blood 

glucose.  

  £2.5m total funding raised through Equity Financing Facility in June 2010 and October 2010. 

  Loss attributable to owners of the parent for the year ended 31 March 2011 £2.0m (2010: £1.6m). 

Key financial results 

  Cash balance as at 31 March 2011 £7.6m (2010: £7.0m). 

  Loss per share for the year ended 31 March 2011 0.17p (2010: 0.18p). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman’s statement 

The  business  has  made  substantial  progress  this  year  through  the  development  of  its  long-term,  global 
commercial agreement with DSM for our lead Fruitflow® technology, in addition to the broader pipeline being 
extended and developed.  

I can announce that we are about to meet our objective of making an acquisition, as we today announce that 
the Company has entered into a conditional agreement to purchase SiS (Science in Sport) Limited, which is 
expected to complete on 24 June 2011. The business develops, manufactures  and sells nutrition products 
for  sports  people  and  its  heritage  is  in  providing  nutrition  products  for  professional  and  elite  athletes.  In 
addition  to  bringing  revenues  and  cash  flow  to  the  Group,  there  is  a  great  synergy  between  the  two 
businesses  and  we  believe  our  existing  scientific  and  regulatory  skills  will  help  the  acquired  business  to 
cement further its reputation in its target sectors. 

Following the signing of our Alliance Agreement with DSM on 1 June 2010, good progress has been made in 
the  commercialisation  of  our  lead  heart-health  Fruitflow®  technology.  DSM  launched  Fruitflow®  to  the 
industry in Europe in November 2010 and in the US in March 2011. DSM has made significant progress in 
marketing the technology in a broad range of global markets, attracting positive interest from a wide range of 
global, multinational and national brand owners in the functional food and dietary supplement sectors.  We 
are pleased with the progress made by DSM. 

Having  a  broader  pipeline  remains  central  to  our  strategy  and  progress  has  been  made  on  a  number  of 
fronts. While we have been frustrated with the slow progress in patient recruitment for our NSP#3G Crohn‟s 
disease  trial,  an  independent  interim  review  of  trial  data  has  given  us  confidence  to  open  further  patient 
centres.  Our  collaboration  with  the  Institute  of  Food  Research,  with  an  initial  objective  of  developing  a 
product for cardiovascular inflammation, is proceeding well and a first human trial is underway. We recently 
entered  into  a  development  agreement  with  DSM  where  the  Group  will  bring  its  scientific  and  regulatory 
expertise to bear to commercialise DSM owned intellectual property. 

With  our  first  commercial  deal  for  Fruitflow®,  a  major  acquisition  and  the  expansion  of  our  pipeline,  it  has 
been  a  busy  year  and  I  would  like  to  thank  the  executive  team,  all  of  our  staff  and  our  advisors  for  their 
efforts and professionalism.  

Dawson Buck 
Chairman 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

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Chief Executive’s statement 

Strategy 

We have continued to execute our strategy of discovery, development and licensing functional food, medical 
food and dietary supplements. Our intention to make acquisitions in order to develop shareholder value has 
been  realised  through  our  entering  into  a  conditional  agreement  to  acquire  SiS  (Science  in  Sport)  Limited 
(“SiS”), which is expected to complete on 24 June 2011.  We believe that there is good synergy between the 
two  businesses  and  that  our  existing  scientific  and  regulatory  expertise  can  assist  in  making  the  SiS 
business a leader in claims-supported sports nutrition.  

The  Provexis  business  model  now  extends  from  discovery,  through  development  and  now  to  market  by  a 
combination  of  licensing  and  direct  sales  revenues.  The  Directors  believe  that  this  gives  the  business  the 
correct balance of short-term revenues and long-term pipeline potential.  

The executive team will continue to seek further acquisitions as part of the long-term aim to strengthen the 
pipeline.  We  have  continued  to  invest  in  top  quality  management  expertise  in  order  to  assist  the  Group  in 
meeting its strategic goals and this policy will continue. 

To support our strategy, we raised £2.5m via our Equity Financing Facility in June and October 2010, with a 
further £2.5m from the conditional placing announced on 17 June 2011.  Together, these fundraising events 
will  enable  us  to  undertake  the  acquisition  of  SiS,  which  is  expected  to  complete  on  24  June  2011,  and 
deliver on our strategic plan. 

Fruitflow® 

The Company announced on 1 June 2010 that it had entered into a long-term alliance with DSM Nutritional 
Products (“DSM”) to develop Fruitflow® in all major global markets, through an effective commercialisation of 
current formats and pioneering new and significant applications (the “Alliance”).  

DSM  launched  Fruitflow®  to  the  industry  in  Europe  in  November  2010  and  in  the  US  in  March  2011. 
Manufacturing and supply chain for a cost effective syrup version of Fruitflow® has been secured. Also good 
progress has been made on optimising the powder version of Fruitflow®, suitable for formats such as tablets 
and capsules, and this format will be commercially available late in the summer. 

Fruitflow®  has  been  recognised  in  the  industry  for  its  strong  science  and  innovation,  being  awarded  the 
„Most  Innovative  Health  Ingredient‟  and  winning  the  best  innovation  in  the  „Heart  Health‟  category  at  the 
major Health Ingredients Europe Conference in November 2010. In March 2011 the technology was awarded 
„Best New Ingredient‟ at the 2011 NutrAwards held at the Nutracon 2011 exhibition in Anaheim, California. 

The Alliance partners continue to collaborate on regulatory matters related to certain markets. In addition, the 
Provexis  scientific  team  continues  to  support  its  counterparts  in  areas  such  as  analytical  methods  and 
analysis, together with deepening the understanding of the core science. 

DSM  has  made  significant  progress  in  marketing  the  technology  in  a  broad  range  of  global  markets, 
attracting  positive  interest  from  a  wide  range  of  global,  multinational  and  national  brand  owners  in  the 
functional food and dietary supplement sectors. The Directors are pleased with the progress being made in 
the marketplace by the Company's Alliance partner. 

NSP#3G plantain extract 

A  fully  independent  Data  Monitoring  Committee  (“DMC”)  has  reviewed  the  data  gathered  from  the  first 
patients to complete the full 12 months of treatment in the Crohn‟s disease trial. Following their review, the 
DMC  has  confirmed  that  there  are  no  negative  findings  associated  with  this  initial  dataset  and  no  safety 
concerns related to the administration of the test product. The DMC recommended a further interim review of 
the study be conducted in Q4 2011. The interim review findings are in line with the Company‟s expectations. 

Following this advice, Provexis intends to identify up to four additional trial centres to facilitate full recruitment 
of  the  remaining  patients  required,  to  enable  it  to  complete  the  trial  in  the  shortest  feasible  timeline.  The 
Directors have previously noted that the recruitment of patients for clinical trials in the area of inflammatory 
bowel disease is recognised as being challenging across the industry. The Company remains committed to 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chief Executive’s statement 

this  key  technology  and  believes  that  opening  extra  trial  centres  will  expedite  the  trial  and  support  initial 
commercial discussions with corporate partners.  

The Group‟s Liverpool-based R&D team will also continue to research and characterise NSP#3G extracts for 
addressing C.difficile, the so-called hospital „super bug‟, and antibiotic-associated diarrhoea.  

Isothiocyanates 

The isothiocyanate-based cardiovascular inflammation work in collaboration with Institute of Food Research 
(“IFR”)  is  proceeding  well.  A  novel  extract  has  been  developed  and  the  first  human  trial  has  now 
commenced.  A  second  trial  will  commence  later  this  year,  with  a  third  and  final  trial  to  provide  regulatory 
support for product launches being scheduled for 2012. 

Blood glucose 

We recently announced an agreement for development of DSM-owned intellectual property for the promotion 
of healthy blood glucose levels, following a period of assessment by Provexis. Under the agreement, it is the 
intention that Provexis  will develop a cost effective product, carry out clinical trials  and gain the necessary 
regulatory  clearances.  DSM  will  contribute  intellectual  property  and  know-how  to  the  development 
programme. The partners will together identify the most appropriate commercialisation arrangements before 
the product is launched. 

Outlook 

The commercial progress of Fruitflow® is an important objective for the Group in the coming financial period 
and  we  expect  to  see  progress  as  our  Alliance  partner  DSM continues  its  marketing  and  selling  efforts,  in 
addition to launching the powder version for dietary supplements. 

Integrating  the  SiS  business  is  the  second  major  objective  and  we  look  to  complete  this  as  quickly  as 
possible in order to focus existing and new management members on growing revenues in this business.  

It  is  important  that  we  reach  full  recruitment  in  the  Crohn‟s  disease  trial  during  this  year,  in  order  that 
commercial  partnering  discussions  can  commence.  The  isothiocyanate  technology  platform  and  the  new 
blood  glucose  technology  will  both  be  accelerated  in  order  we  can  bring  these  to  market  in  the  earliest 
possible time. 

The management team will be focused on progress in the revenue generating areas of Fruitflow® and SiS, 
while not losing sight of the medium and long term importance of the broader pipeline. Cash management 
will continue to be an area of high importance. We will maintain our strategy of developing the capability of 
the overall Provexis team in line with our goals.  

Stephen Moon 
Chief Executive 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

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Directors’ report – financial review 

Revenue and grant income 
Revenue for the year ended 31 March 2011 was £50,086 (2010: £14,767). 

Grant income for the year ended 31 March 2011 was £ Nil (2010: £80,000), the amount in 2010 being the 
final part of a £100,000 grant which was awarded to the Group in January 2009 by The Northwest Regional 
Development Agency (NWDA). 

Research and development costs 
Research  and  development  (“R&D”)  costs  for  the  year  ended  31  March  2011  were  £1,268,874  (2010: 
£718,468),  including  £17,959  capitalised  under  IAS  38  (2010:  £20,646),  reflecting  the  recruitment  of 
additional R&D staff, continuation of the clinical trial for the Group's NSP#3G technology for Crohn‟s disease 
and the commencement of isothiocyanate-based cardiovascular inflammation work in collaboration with the 
Institute of Food Research (“IFR”). 

R&D  expenditure  comprises  in-house  costs  (staff,  R&D  consumables,  intellectual  property,  facilities  and 
depreciation  of  R&D  assets)  and  external  costs  (preclinical  studies,  manufacturing,  regulatory  affairs  and 
clinical trials). 

The Group‟s R&D team continues to research further claim areas for the Group‟s technologies. 

The Group aims to achieve cost effective research and development and to bring products to market through 
licensing partners as soon as is practicable. 

Administrative costs 
Administrative costs for the year relating to continuing operations were £1,274,493 (2010: £1,184,859). 

The Group‟s cost base and its resources have been and will continue to be tightly managed. 

Taxation 
A  research  and  development  tax  credit  of  £221,218  (2010:  £54,408)  of  which  £71,228  related  to  the  prior 
year  in  respect  of  research  and  development  expenditure  incurred  has  been  recognised  in  the  financial 
statements and is shown as a debtor at 31 March 2011. 

Losses and dividends 
The  loss  attributable  to  owners  of  the  parent  for  the  year  ended  31  March  2011  was  £1,986,206  (2010: 
£1,648,180) and the loss per share was 0.17p (2010: 0.18p). 

The directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend (2010: £ Nil). 

Effect of change in accounting standard 

The application of the following standard has resulted in the losses attributable to the non-controlling interest 
being accounted for in the financial statements even where this resulted in the non-controlling interest having 
a deficit balance:  

• 

IAS  27  (Amendment)  „Consolidated  and  Separate  Financial  Statements‟  effective  for  periods 
beginning on or after 1 July 2009. 

For  further  Information  about  this  change  in  accounting  standard  see  the  Principal  risks  and  uncertainties 
section of the business overview on page 10. 

Financial instruments 
Information about the use of financial instruments by the Group is disclosed in notes 1 and 2. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – financial review continued 

Capital structure and funding 
The group is funded entirely by equity funding. 

On 31 March 2010 the Company announced that it had secured a 3 year Equity Financing Facility of up to 
£25m  (the  “EFF”)  with  Evolution  Securities  Limited  (“Evolution”).  The  EFF  has  been  arranged  by  Darwin 
Strategic Limited (“Darwin”), an appointed representative of Evolution. 

On 22 June 2010 the Company announced that it had raised a net £88,426 by drawing down on the EFF, 
allotting 2,135,000 new ordinary shares of 0.1p each to Darwin. 

On 4 October 2010 the Company announced that it had raised a further net £2.4m by drawing down on the 
EFF, allotting 86,300,000 new ordinary shares of 0.1p each to Darwin. 

The  Directors  are  of  the  opinion  that  at  17  June  2011,  the  Group's  liquidity  and  capital  resources  are 
adequate  to  deliver  the  current  strategic  objectives  and  2011/12  business  plan  and  that  the  Group  meets 
going concern criteria. See also note 1 to the consolidated financial statements on page 26. 

Cash at bank at 31 March 2011 was £7,551,505 (31 March 2010: £7,049,134). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

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Directors’ report – business overview  

Principal activities 
Provexis  plc  is  a  life  sciences-driven  enterprise  that  discovers,  develops  and  licenses  scientifically-proven 
technologies for the global functional food, medical food and dietary supplement sectors. 

Provexis  plc  has  two  wholly  owned  subsidiaries,  Provexis  Nutrition  Limited  (“PNL”)  and  Provexis  Natural 
Products  Limited  (“PNP”)  which  are  registered  in  England  and  Wales.    Provexis  plc  also  owns  75%  of 
Provexis (IBD) Limited (“IBD”) which is also registered in England and Wales. 

Group strategy 
The  Provexis  strategy  is  the  discovery,  development  and  licensing  of  functional  food,  medical  food  and 
dietary supplement technologies, with five areas of focus: 

  Collaborating with leading research institutes to identify and develop proprietary technologies 

  Developing credible scientific proof to demonstrate efficacy and support product claims 

  Gaining regulatory and safety clearances in relevant global markets 

 

Implementing global IP strategies, underpinned by strong patent portfolios 

  Commercialising  technologies  through  collaboration  and  licensing  with  global  brand  owners  and 

ingredients corporations. 

Review of the performance of the business and future developments 
The Chairman‟s Statement on page 3, the Chief Executive‟s Statement on pages 4 and 5 and the Financial 
Review  on  pages  6  and  7  report  on  the  Group‟s  performance  during  the  year  ended  31  March  2011, 
its position at that date and its likely future development. 

Key performance indicators 
The executive management and Directors utilise a balanced scorecard of key activities including R&D project 
progress,  commercial  milestones  and  regulatory  activities  to  monitor  and  measure  the  performance  of  the 
business.  These  are  measures  of  the  progress  of  the  business  towards  its  strategic  target  of  revenue 
generation  and  profitability,  and  are  considered  by  the  Board  to  be  the  key  non-financial  performance 
indicators  used  to  determine  achievement  of  Group  strategy  and  are  discussed  in  the  Chief  Executive‟s 
statement. The balanced scorecard is reviewed regularly by the executive team and the Directors. 

The  Directors  consider  Group  cash  and  the  absolute  values  of,  and  the  ratio  between,  research  and 
development costs and other administrative overhead costs as being the Group‟s key financial performance 
indicators. The cost related indicators assist in monitoring financial control to reduce the hurdle to achieving 
the key future financial milestone of monthly break-even. The monitoring of cash gives due consideration to 
anticipated future spend required to prioritise development opportunities and to plan the resources required 
to achieve the goals of the business. 

The table below shows the Group‟s cash position at 31 March 2011 and 31 March 2010: 

Cash at bank and in hand 

31 March  
2011 
£ 

7,551,505 
7,551,505 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

7,049,134 
7,049,134 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

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Directors’ report – business overview continued 

Key performance indicators (continued) 
The table below shows the Group‟s R&D ratio for the two years ended 31 March 2011. The R&D ratio is the 
percentage of research and development costs relative to total operating expenses.  The Directors strive to 
maximise the ratio of research and development costs to administrative costs. 

Research and development costs 
Administrative costs  
Total operating costs  
R&D ratio 

31 March 
2011 
£ 

1,250,915 
1,274,493 
2,525,408 
50% 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

697,822 
1,184,859 
1,882,681 
37% 

The  increase  in  the  R&D  ratio  for  the  year  is  primarily  due  to  increased  R&D  expenditure  including  the 
continuation of the clinical trial for Crohn‟s Disease and two new projects: the development of a new product 
for the promotion of healthy blood glucose levels and a project targeting cardiovascular inflammation being 
carried out in conjunction with the Institute of Food Research. 

Post balance sheet events 
As disclosed in note 23 to the financial statements, on 1 June 2011 the Group announced an agreement to 
commercialise DSM owned intellectual property, through the development of a new product for the promotion 
of healthy blood glucose levels. 

On  17  June  2011  the  Group  entered  into  a  conditional  agreement  to  acquire  100%  of  the  issued  share 
capital of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited, a company which manufactures and sells sports nutrition products 
for a maximum consideration of £8m, subject to completion.  £7m is payable in cash of which £250,000 is to 
be  held  in  escrow  against  claims  for  one  year  or  longer  if  claims  have  been  notified  but  not  settled.    The 
balance of the consideration is £1m in Provexis shares, with a lock-in of two years.   

The £7m cash consideration will be met by £4.5m from current cash reserves and £2.5m from a placing for 
new shares.  The Company intends to undertake an Open Offer to shareholders of the Company as soon as 
is reasonably practicable after the completion of the Acquisition. 

Principal risks and uncertainties 
The Directors consider that the key risks of the Group are as set out below: 

The Group‟s success will depend in part on its ability to obtain and maintain rigorous patent protection for its 
technologies both in the UK and internationally. The Group cannot give definitive assurance that pending or 
future  patent  applications  will  be  granted  or  that  patents  granted  will  not  be  challenged,  invalidated  or 
held unenforceable. 

The  Group  cannot  assure  that  its  intellectual  property  rights  are  sufficiently  broad  to  prevent  third  parties 
from  producing  competing  functional  food,  medical  food  and  dietary  supplement  technologies  similar  in 
nature  to  its  own.  The  Group  also  relies  on  protection  of  trade  secrets,  know-how  and  confidential  and 
proprietary information. To mitigate this, the Group enters into non-disclosure agreements with employees, 
consultants  and  prospective  commercial  partners  but  cannot  assure  that  such  agreements  will  provide 
complete safeguards against unauthorised disclosure of confidential information. 

The  Group‟s  commercial  success  will  also  depend  in  part  on  avoiding  infringement  of  other  third  parties‟ 
patents or proprietary rights and the breach of any licences in connection with the pursuit of its technologies. 
Management is of the opinion that it does not infringe third parties‟ patents or other rights and is not aware of 
any such infringements but cannot assure that it will not be found in the future to infringe such rights. 

The  Group  has  a  limited  pipeline  of  new  technologies  and  new  indications  for  technologies  already  in 
development.  As  a  result  of  regulatory  and  competitive  uncertainties  and  the  unpredictability  of  successful 
outcomes  to  new  research  and  development,  the  Group  cannot  provide  assurance  that  it  will  be  able  to 
develop and license these new technologies. 

The Group continues to pursue acquisitions as part of its growth strategy. Such acquisitions may not realise 
expected benefits. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

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Directors’ report – business overview continued 

Principal risks and uncertainties (continued) 
The Group may require additional funding.  To the extent that the current cash resources of the Group and 
the  funds  received  from  the  Open  Offer  are  insufficient  to  cover  the  Group's  liabilities  in  the  longer  term  it 
may be necessary to seek additional funds through future equity or debt financings and there is no certainty 
that such funds would be available. Any such further financings, if available at all, may be on terms that are 
not favourable to the Group. Further, if adequate capital cannot be obtained, the  Group's operating results 
and financial condition could be adversely affected. 

The  Group  currently  employs  fourteen  people,  excluding  Non-executive  Directors,  and  has  a  very  small 
management team. Should it lose any key management resources and be unable to attract replacements of 
equivalent  calibre  to  continue  implementation  of  its  business  plan,  future  development  and  commercial 
activities could be materially adversely affected. 

The Group relies on potential license partners to meet certain commercial and development milestones and 
their  failure  to  achieve  this,  or  other  delays  or  cancellation  of  projects  due  to  internal  or  market  factors 
affecting potential license partners could affect the execution of the  Group‟s business plan, with a material 
adverse  effect  on  the  business.  In  these  circumstances  the  Group  would  look  to  raise  additional  funding 
through the issue of additional equity through rights issues, share placing and the exercise of share options 
but no assurance can be given regarding the successful outcome of such financing initiatives. 

As noted previously the Group is not able to predict successful outcomes to research and development.  The 
non-controlling interest share of Provexis (IBD) Limited‟s loss would need to be reversed if the project didn‟t 
come  to  fruition.    At  31  March  2011  this  would  increase  the  loss  attributable  to  the  equity  holders  of  the 
parent by £136,459 to £2,120,665. 

Policy on the payment of creditors 
It is the policy of the Group to pay creditors and suppliers in accordance with their normal terms of business. 
Creditor  days  outstanding  for  the  Group  at  31  March  2011  amounted  to  22  days  compared  to  33  days  at 
31 March 2010. 

Board of Directors 
The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the Group. 

The  Board  comprises  a  Non-executive  Chairman,  two  additional  Non-executive  Directors,  all  of  whom  are 
independent,  and  three  further  Executive  Directors.  The  Board  continues  to  be  satisfied  that  it  has  an 
appropriate mix of independence and experience in its Non-executive Directors. 

The Directors of the Company during the year are shown below. 

Executive Directors 
S N Moon 
S N Morrison 
I Ford 

Non-executive Directors 
C D Buck 
N C Bain 
K Rietveld 

A qualifying third-party indemnity provision as defined in Section 234 of the Companies Act 2006 is in force 
for the benefit of each of the Directors in respect of liabilities incurred as a result of their office, to the extent 
permitted  by  law.  In  respect  of  those  liabilities  for  which  Directors  may  not  be  indemnified,  the  Company 
maintained a Directors‟ and officers‟ liability insurance policy throughout the financial year. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

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Directors’ report – business overview continued 

Audit Committee 
The  Audit  Committee  comprises  two  Non-executive  Directors,  and  is  chaired  by  Neville  Bain  as  Senior 
Independent Non-executive Director. It meets as required and specifically to review the Interim Report and 
Annual Report and to consider the suitability and monitor the effectiveness of the internal control processes. 
There were  three  Audit Committee meetings  during  the year. The Audit Committee reviews the findings of 
the external auditors and reviews accounting policies and material accounting judgements. 

The  independence  of  the  auditors  is  considered  by  the  Audit  Committee.  The  Audit  Committee  (with  no 
Executive  Director  present)  meets  at  least  once  per  calendar  year  with  the  auditors  to  discuss  their 
objectivity  and  independence,  the  Annual  Report,  any  audit  issues  arising,  internal  control  processes  and 
any  other  appropriate  matters.  As  well  as  providing  audit  related  services,  the  auditors  provide  taxation 
advice,  corporate  finance  services  and  share  scheme  advice  and  undertake  work  in  relation  to  the  interim 
report. The fees in respect of the non-audit services provided are £22,300 for the year ended 31 March 2011 
(2010: £25,000). Further, the overall fees paid to the auditors are not deemed to be of such significance to 
them as to impair their independence. The Audit Committee considers that the objectivity and independence 
of the auditors is safeguarded. 

The current terms of reference of the Audit Committee are set out in the governance pages on the Group‟s 
website www.provexis.com. 

Internal control 
The Directors are responsible for establishing and maintaining the Group‟s system of internal control and for 
reviewing its effectiveness. The system of internal control is designed to manage, rather than eliminate, the 
risk of failure to the achievement of business objectives and can only provide reasonable but not absolute 
assurance against material misstatement or loss. 

The Audit Committee continues to monitor and review the effectiveness of the system of internal control and 
report to the Board when appropriate with recommendations. There have been no significant changes to the 
system of internal control throughout the year. 

The  annual  review  of  internal  control  and  financial  reporting  procedures  did  not  highlight  any  issues 
warranting the introduction of an internal audit function. It was again concluded, given the current size and 
transparency of the operations of the Group, that an internal audit function was still not required. 

The main features of the internal control system are outlined below: 

●  A  control  environment  exists  through  the  close  management  of  the  business  by  the  Executive 
Directors.  The  Group  has  a  defined  organisational  structure  with  delineated  approval  limits. 
Controls are implemented and monitored by the Executive Directors. 

●  The  Board  has  a  schedule  of  matters  expressly  reserved  for  its  consideration  and  this  schedule 
includes acquisitions and disposals, major capital projects, treasury and risk management policies 
and approval of budgets. 

●  The  Group  utilises  a  detailed  budgeting  and  forecasting  system.  Detailed  budgets  are  prepared 
annually  by  the  Executive  Directors  before  submission  to  the  Board  for  approval.  Forecasts  are 
regularly  updated  at  least  quarterly  to  reflect  changes  in  the  business  and  are  monitored  by  the 
Board including future cash flow projections. Actual results are monitored against annual budgets 
regularly and at least quarterly, with variances highlighted for the Board. 

●  Financial  risks  are  identified  and  evaluated  for  each  major  transaction  for  consideration  by 

the Board. 

●  Standard  financial  control  procedures  operate  throughout  the  Group  to  ensure  that  the  assets 

of the Group are safeguarded and that proper accounting records are maintained. 

●  A  risk  review  process  is  in  operation  whereby  the  Chief  Executive  and  Finance  Director  present 

a report to the Board each year on the key business risks. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – business overview continued 

Going concern 
The Directors have a reasonable expectation  that the Group and the Company will continue in operational 
existence  for  the  foreseeable  future.  For  this  reason,  they  continue  to  adopt  the  going  concern  basis  in 
preparing the Group‟s financial statements. 

See also note 1 to the consolidated financial statements on page 26. 

Employees 
The Executive Directors keep staff informed of the progress and development of the Group regularly through 
formal and informal meetings and employee feedback is encouraged. The Company has a policy of offering 
share  options  to  all  eligible  employees,  subject  to  availability  under  the  option  plan  rules  and  with  due 
consideration to the level of dilution to shareholders. 

The Group does not discriminate between employees and prospective employees on grounds of age, race, 
religion or gender. Every effort is made to provide the same opportunities to disabled persons as to others. 

The  Board  recognises  its  obligation  towards  its  employees  to  provide  a  safe  and  healthy  working 
environment. The Group complies with health and safety legislation including conducting regular inspections 
and risk assessments. 

Environmental, social and community matters 
As a result of the size and nature of the Group‟s operations, the impact of the Group‟s operations on the local 
community and the environment is not considered to be significant. Recycling of office supplies is undertaken 
where possible. 

Charitable and political contributions 
No political or charitable donations were made during the year (2010: £Nil). 

Relationship with shareholders 
The  Directors  seek  to  build  a  mutual  understanding  of  objectives  between  the  Company  and  its 
shareholders. The Group reports formally to shareholders in its interim and annual reports setting out details 
of its activities. In addition, the Group keeps shareholders informed of events and progress through the issue 
of  regulatory  news  in  accordance  with  the  AIM  rules  of  the  London  Stock  Exchange.  The  Chief  Executive 
and Finance Director seek to meet with significant shareholders following interim and final results. The Group 
also  maintains  investor  relations  pages  and  other  information  regarding  the  business,  its  products  and 
activities on its website www.provexis.com. 

Where  possible  the  Annual  Report  is  sent  to  shareholders  at  least  20  working  days  before  the  Annual 
General Meeting. Directors are required to attend Annual General Meetings of the Company unless unable 
to  do  so  for  personal  reasons  or  due  to  pressing  commercial  commitments.  Shareholders  are  given  the 
opportunity to vote on each separate issue. The Company counts all proxy votes and will indicate the level of 
proxies lodged on each resolution, after it has been dealt with by a show of hands. 

Adequacy of information supplied to auditors 
Each  Director  has  taken  all  reasonable  steps  to  make  himself  aware  of  any  information  needed  by  the 
Company‟s  auditors  for  the  purpose  of  their  audit  and  to  establish  that  the  auditors  are  aware  of  that 
information. The Directors are not aware of any relevant audit information of which the auditors are unaware. 

BDO  LLP  have  expressed  their  willingness  to  continue  in  office.    Under  the  Companies  Act  2006  section 
487(2)  they  will  be  automatically  re-appointed  as  auditors  28  days  after  these  accounts  are  sent  to  the 
members,  unless  the  members  exercise  their  rights  under  the  Companies  Act  2006  to  prevent  their  re-
appointment.  

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – business overview continued 

Directors’ responsibilities 
The directors are responsible for preparing the directors‟ report and the financial statements in accordance 
with applicable law and regulations.  

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year.  Under that law 
the  directors  have  elected  to  prepare  the  group  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  International 
Financial  Reporting  Standards  (IFRSs)  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union  and  the  company  financial 
statements  in  accordance  with  United  Kingdom  Generally  Accepted  Accounting  Practice  (United  Kingdom 
Accounting Standards and applicable law).  Under company law the directors must not approve the financial 
statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the group and 
company  and  of  the  profit  or  loss  of  the  group  for  that  period.    The  directors  are  also  required  to  prepare 
financial  statements  in  accordance  with  the  rules  of  the  London  Stock  Exchange  for  companies  trading 
securities on the Alternative Investment Market.   

In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to: 

 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

  make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

 

 

 

state whether the group financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted 
by  the  European  Union,  subject  to  any  material  departures  disclosed  and  explained  in  the  financial 
statements; 

state whether the company financial statements have been prepared in accordance with applicable UK 
Accounting  Standards,  subject  to  any  material  departures  disclosed  and  explained  in  the  financial 
statements; 

prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that 
the company will continue in business. 

The  directors  are  responsible  for  keeping  adequate  accounting  records  that  are  sufficient  to  show  and 
explain the company‟s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position 
of the company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the requirements of the 
Companies Act 2006.  They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for 
taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

Website publication 
The directors are responsible for ensuring the annual report and the financial statements are made available 
on a website.  Financial statements are published on the company's website in accordance with legislation in 
the  United  Kingdom  governing  the  preparation  and  dissemination  of  financial  statements,  which  may  vary 
from  legislation  in  other  jurisdictions.    The  maintenance  and  integrity  of  the  company's  website  is  the 
responsibility  of  the  directors.    The  directors'  responsibility  also  extends  to  the  ongoing  integrity  of  the 
financial statements contained therein. 

By order of the Board 

Ian Ford 
Secretary 
17 June 2011 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – remuneration report  

Remuneration Committee: composition and terms of reference 
The  Group‟s  Remuneration  Committee  during  the  year  ended  31  March  2011  comprised  two  independent 
Non-executive Directors and was chaired by Dawson Buck. 

The purpose of the Remuneration Committee is to ensure that the Executive Directors are fairly rewarded for 
their  individual  contribution  to  the  overall  performance  of  the  Company.  The  Committee  considers  and 
recommends  to  the  Board  the  remuneration  of  the  Executive  Directors  and  is  kept  informed  of  the 
remuneration packages of senior staff and invited to comment on these. 

Policy on Executive Directors’ remuneration 
Executive  remuneration  packages  are  designed  to  attract  and  retain  executives  of  the  necessary  skill  and 
calibre to run the Company successfully but avoiding paying more than is necessary. Direct benchmarking of 
remuneration  is  not  possible  given  the  specialised  nature  and  size  of  the  Company.  The  Remuneration 
Committee  recommends  to  the  Board  remuneration  packages  by  reference  to  individual  performance  and 
uses  the  knowledge  and  experience  of  the  Non-executive  Directors  and  published  surveys  relating  to  AIM 
Directors, and market changes generally. The Remuneration Committee has responsibility for recommending 
any long term incentive schemes. 

The  full  Board  determines  whether  or  not  Executive  Directors  are  permitted  to  serve  in  roles  with  other 
companies. Such permission is  only granted where a role is on a strictly limited  basis, where there are no 
conflicts of interest or competing activities and providing there is not an adverse impact on the commitments 
required to the Group. Earnings from such roles are not disclosed nor paid to the Group. 

There are four main elements of the remuneration package for Executive Directors and senior staff: 

(i) Basic salaries and benefits in kind 
Basic  salaries  are  recommended  to  the  Board  by  the  Remuneration  Committee,  taking  into  account  the 
performance of the individual and the rates for similar positions in comparable companies. Benefits in kind 
comprising private medical insurance are available to all senior staff and Executive Directors. 

(ii) Share option scheme 
The  Company  operates  a  share  option  scheme  which  was  established  in  June  2005  (”the  Provexis  2005 
share option scheme”) to motivate the Executive Directors and employees through equity participation in the 
Company. Options granted pursuant to the Provexis 2005 share option scheme may take the form of either 
unapproved share options or tax favoured EMI options. Exercise of options under the scheme is subject to 
specified exercise periods and compliance with the AIM rules of the London Stock Exchange. 

The  scheme  is  overseen  by  the  Remuneration  Committee  which  recommends  to  the  Board  all  grants  of 
share  options  based  on  the  Committee‟s  assessment  of  personal  performance  and  specifying  the  terms 
under which eligible individuals may be invited to participate. 

In  June  2005  the  Company  undertook  a  reverse  takeover  of  Provexis  Natural  Products  Limited  (“PNP”, 
formerly Provexis Limited) through a share for share exchange. Prior to the takeover the Company and PNP 
had  granted  EMI  options  and  unapproved  options.  Options  granted  by  the  Company  prior  to  the  takeover 
remain  subject  to  the  same  terms  as  contained  in  the  individual  share  option  contracts  under  which  they 
were originally granted. The PNP EMI options and unapproved options were rolled over into options over the 
Company‟s ordinary shares, and these replacement options remain subject to the same terms as contained 
in the individual PNP share option contracts under which they were originally granted. 

The Combined Code refers to the requirement for the performance-related elements of remuneration to form 
a significant proportion of the total remuneration package of Executive Directors and should be designed to 
align their interests with those of shareholders. In the development phase of the Group and during the early 
stages  of  revenue  generation,  the  Remuneration  Committee  currently  considers  that  the  best  alignment  of 
these interests is through continued use of incentives for performance through the award of share options or 
other share-based arrangements. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – remuneration report continued 

Policy on Executive Directors’ remuneration (continued) 
(iii) Bonus scheme 
The  Company  has  an  established  discretionary  non-pensionable  bonus  scheme  for  Executive  Directors, 
which is subject to the achievement of agreed goals and targets that are designed to incentivise Directors to 
perform at the highest levels, and align Directors‟ interests with those of the shareholders. 

For the Executive Directors the performance-related annual bonus potential is up to 40% of basic salary. The 
Remuneration  Committee  approved  bonuses  of  between  20%  and  40%  of  salary  for  2011  based  on  the 
achievements in 2011. In 2010 annual bonuses of 15% were paid. 

(iv) Pension contributions 
The Group pays a defined contribution to the pension  scheme of Executive Directors  and employees. The 
individual pension schemes are private and their assets are held separately from those of the Group. 

Salaries  and  benefits  were  reviewed  in  April  2010  to  cover  the  year  from  1  April  2010  to  31  March  2011. 
Future  reviews  will  continue  to  be  undertaken  on  an  annual  basis  each  April  to  enable  the  Group‟s 
performance over the preceding financial year and the strategy for the forthcoming year to be considered. 

Service contracts 
The  Chief  Executive  is  employed  under  a  service  contract  requiring  twelve  months‟  notice  by  either  party, 
and the Chief Operating Officer and Finance Director are employed under service contracts requiring three 
months‟  notice.  All  Non-executive  Directors  receive  payments  under  appointment  letters  which  are 
terminable by three months‟ notice from either party. 

Policy on Non-executive Directors’ remuneration 
Dawson Buck and Neville Bain each receive a fee for their services as a director, which is approved by the 
Board,  mindful  of  the  time  commitment  and  responsibilities  of  their  roles  and  of  current  market  rates  for 
comparable organisations and appointments. Non-executive Directors are reimbursed for travelling and other 
minor expenses incurred. 

Neville Bain, Non-executive Director, received 330,300 share options prior to the Group joining AIM, and he 
exercised  these  options  on  12  February  2010.  However,  to maintain  independence,  the  Non-executive 
Directors do not participate in any incentive or share option arrangements. 

Gains made on exercise of directors’ share options 

N C Bain - exercise on 12 February 2010 
of 330,300 share options granted on 17 June 2004 

Gain 

Year ended 
31 March 2011 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 2010 
£ 

- 
- 

20,082 
20,082 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – remuneration report continued 

Details of directors’ remuneration 
The emoluments of the individual Directors for the year were as follows: 

Executive Directors 
S N Moon 
S N Morrison 
I Ford 

Non-executive Directors 
C D Buck 
N C Bain 
J B Diggines (resigned 17 September 2009) 
K Rietveld 

Year ended 31 March 2011 

Benefits 
in kind 

Bonus 
payments 

Pension 

Total 

Year ended 31 
March 2010 
Total 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

Salary and 
directors’ 
fees 
£ 

175,443 
124,881 
110,139 

886 
1,792 
1,618 

70,656 
25,126 
31,258 

8,832  255,817 
6,281  158,080 
5,582  148,597 

191,149 
143,451 
118,866 

35,000 
17,500 
- 
- 
462,963 

- 
- 
- 
- 
4,296 

- 
- 
- 
- 
127,040 

- 
- 
- 
- 

35,000 
17,500 
- 
- 
20,695  614,994 

42,500 
17,500 
7,500 
-  
520,966 

The above fees and emoluments exclude reimbursed expenditure incurred in the conduct of Group business. 

Share-based payment expense 
The share-based payment expenses of the individual Directors recognised for the year were as follows: 

Executive Directors 
S N Moon 
S N Morrison 
I Ford 

Non-executive Directors 
C D Buck 
N C Bain 
J B Diggines (resigned 17 September 2009) 
K Rietveld 

Directors’ interests in shares 

S N Moon 
S N Morrison 
I Ford 
C D Buck 
N C Bain 

Year ended 
31 March 
2011 
£ 

Year ended  
31 March 
2010 
£ 

15,857 
11,666 
12,324 

- 
- 
- 
- 
39,847 

107,303 
36,870 
41,651 

- 
- 
- 
- 
185,824 

Ordinary shares of 
0.1 pence each 

Ordinary shares of 
0.1 pence each 

Beneficial interests 

31 March 2011 

1 April 2010 

1,540,000 
1,668,333 
1,668,333 
11,271,359 
5,608,416 
21,756,441 

1,540,000 
1,668,333 
1,668,333 
11,271,359 
5,608,416 
21,756,441 

Other than as shown in the table and as further disclosed above in respect of Deferred Shares, no Director 
had any interest in the shares of the Company or its subsidiary companies at 31 March 2011. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – remuneration report continued 

Directors’ interests in share options 
The Board uses share options to align Directors and employees interests with those of shareholders in order 
to provide incentives and reward them based on improvements in Company performance. 

On  1  September  2008  the  Company  announced  that  further  to  an  announcement  on  1  August  2008  the 
Company's Remuneration Committee had approved the grant of options over 62,471,648 ordinary shares of 
0.1p each to certain Directors and employees of the Company. As a condition of the grant of options, certain 
Directors  surrendered  19,089,110  existing  options  and  an  additional  3,709,384  existing  options  were 
surrendered by other existing employees. 

On  15  October  2009  the  Company‟s  Remuneration  Committee  modified  the  Performance  Period  and 
Performance  Target  of  share  options  over  62,471,648  ordinary  shares  of  0.1p  each  held  by  the  Executive 
Directors and employees of the Company. 

Following  the  changes  agreed  to  the  Performance  Period  and  Performance  Target,  share  options  over 
27,305,073  ordinary  shares  of  0.1p  each  held  by  the  Executive  Directors  and  employees  of  the  Company 
vested  on  15  October  2009.  Share  options  over  35,166,575  ordinary  shares  of  0.1p  each  held  by  certain 
Directors and employees of the Company will vest on 1 April 2011. 

The share options held by the Directors and not exercised at 31 March 2011 are summarised below. 

S N Moon 
S N Morrison 
I Ford 

Number of options over shares 

At 1 April 2010  Options exercised  
in year 

At 31 March 2011 

21,117,620 
12,000,000 
10,000,000 
43,117,620 

- 
- 
- 
- 

21,117,620 
12,000,000 
10,000,000 
43,117,620 

The  unapproved  share  options  at  31  March  2011  of  the  Directors  who  served  during  the  year  are  set 
out below: 

Grant date 

Number 
awarded 

Exercise 
price/share 

Earliest 
exercise date 

Expiry date 

S N Moon 

August 2008 

7,324,520  
7,324,520 

0.900p 

April 2011 

August 2018 

The EMI share options at 31 March 2011 of the Directors who served during the year are set out below: 

Grant date 

Number 
awarded 

Exercise 
price/share 

Earliest 
exercise date 

Expiry date 

S N Moon 
S N Moon 
S N Moon 
S N Morrison 
S N Morrison 
I Ford 
I Ford 

August 2008 
August 2008 
August 2008 
October 2008 
October 2008 
August 2008 
August 2008 

1,117,620 
2,675,480 
10,000,000 
6,000,000 
6,000,000 
5,000,000 
5,000,000 
35,793,100 

1.000p 
0.900p 
0.900p 
0.900p 
0.900p 
0.900p 
0.900p 

August 2008 
April 2011 
October 2009 
April 2011 
October 2009 
April 2011 
October 2009 

August 2018 
August 2018 
August 2018 
October 2018 
October 2018 
August 2018 
August 2018 

All options were granted with an exercise price at or above market value on the date of grant. 

The Company carried out a share re-organisation on 28 August 2008, which is further detailed in note 17 to 
the consolidated financial statements on page 41. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report – remuneration report continued 

Directors’ interests in share options (continued) 
Share options which had been granted prior to 28 August 2008 over existing ordinary shares with a nominal 
value  of  1p  each  in  the  capital  of  the  Company  became  options  over  new  ordinary  shares  with  a  nominal 
value of 0.1p each in the capital of the Company. The options remain subject to the same terms as contained 
in the individual option contracts under which they were originally granted. 

Share  options  issued  after  28  August  2008  are  options  over  new  ordinary  shares  with  a  nominal  value  of 
0.1p each in the capital of the Company. 

Dawson Buck 
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent  auditor’s  report  to  the  members  of  Provexis 
plc continued 

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF PROVEXIS PLC 

We have audited the financial statements of Provexis plc for the year ended 31 March 2011 which comprise 
the group statement of financial position and company balance sheet, the group statement of comprehensive 
income, the group statement of cash flows, the group statement of changes in equity and the related notes.  
The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the group financial statements 
is  applicable  law  and  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (IFRSs)  as  adopted  by  the  European 
Union.    The  financial  reporting  framework  that  has  been  applied  in  preparation  of  the  parent  company 
financial statements is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally 
Accepted Accounting Practice).  

This report is made solely to the company‟s members, as a body, in accordance with sections Chapter 3 of 
Part  16  of  the  Companies  Act  2006.    Our  audit  work  has  been  undertaken  so  that  we  might  state  to  the 
company‟s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor‟s report and for no other 
purpose.  To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other 
than  the  company  and  the  company‟s  members  as  a  body,  for  our  audit  work,  for  this  report,  or  for  the 
opinions we have formed. 

Respective responsibilities of directors and auditors 

As  explained  more  fully  in  the  statement  of  directors‟  responsibilities,  the  directors  are  responsible  for  the 
preparation  of  the  financial  statements  and  for  being  satisfied  that  they  give  a  true  and  fair  view.    Our 
responsibility  is  to  audit  and  express  an  opinion  on  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  applicable 
law  and International Standards  on Auditing (UK and Ireland).  Those standards require us to comply with 
the Auditing Practices Board‟s (APB‟s) Ethical Standards for Auditors.  

Scope of the audit of the financial statements 

A  description  of  the  scope  of  an  audit  of  financial  statements  is  provided  on  the  APB‟s  website  at 
www.frc.org.uk/apb/scope/private.cfm.  

Opinion on financial statements 

In our opinion:  

 

 

 

 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the group‟s and the parent company‟s 
affairs as at 31 March 2011 and of the group‟s loss for the year then ended; 

the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the 
European Union; 

the  parent  company‟s  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  United 
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and 

the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 
2006. 

Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 

In  our  opinion  the  information  given  in  the  directors‟  report  for  the  financial  year  for  which  the  financial 
statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements.  

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent  auditor’s  report  to  the  members  of  Provexis 
plc continued 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to 
report to you if, in our opinion: 

  adequate  accounting  records  have  not  been  kept  by  the  parent  company,  or  returns  adequate  for  our 

audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 

 

the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; 
or 

 

certain disclosures of directors‟ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 

  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Christopher Pooles (senior statutory auditor) 
For and on behalf of BDO LLP, statutory auditor 
Reading 
United Kingdom 

BDO  LLP  is  a  limited  liability  partnership  registered  in  England  and  Wales  (with  registered  number 
OC305127). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 

Revenue 
Grant income 
Research and development costs 
Administrative costs 
Loss from operations 
Finance income 
Loss before tax 
Taxation 
Loss and total comprehensive expense 
for the year 

Attributable to: 
Owners of the parent 
Non-controlling interest 

Loss per share to owners of the parent 
Basic and diluted – pence 

Notes 

1,3 
4 

5 
8 

9 

19 

10 

Year 
ended 
31 March 
2011 
£ 

50,086 
- 
(1,250,915) 
(1,274,493) 
(2,475,322) 
133,439 
(2,341,883) 
221,218 
(2,120,665) 

Year 
ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

14,767 
80,000 
(697,822) 
(1,184,859) 
(1,787,914) 
85,326 
(1,702,588) 
54,408 
(1,648,180) 

(1,984,206) 
(136,459) 
(2,120,665) 

(1,648,180) 
- 
(1,648,180) 

0.17 

0.18 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of financial position 

Company number 05102907 

Non-current assets 
Goodwill 
Other intangible assets 
Plant and equipment 
Total non-current assets 

Current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Corporation tax asset 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets 

Liabilities 
Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Total liabilities 

Total net assets 

Capital and reserves attributable 
to owners of the parent company 
Share capital 
Share premium reserve 
Warrant reserve 
Merger reserve 
Retained earnings 

Non-controlling interest 

Total equity 

Notes 

11,12 
11 
13 

14 
9 
15 

16 

17 
19 
19 
19 
19 

As at  
31 March 
2011 
£ 

3,802,685 
75,892 
89,769 
3,968,346 

As at  
31 March 
2010 
£ 

3,802,685 
57,933 
61,182 
3,921,800 

253,249 
271,220 
7,551,505 
8,075,974 

274,638  
111,844 
7,049,134 
7,435,616  

(563,190) 
(563,190) 

(295,498) 
(295,498) 

11,481,130 

11,061,918 

4,812,036 
16,909,650 
115,980 
6,273,909 
(16,493,986) 
11,617,589 
(136,459) 

4,723,601 
14,527,277 
115,980 
6,273,909 
(14,578,849) 
11,061,918 
- 

11,481,130 

11,061,918 

These consolidated financial statements were approved and  authorised for issue by the Board on 17 June 
2011. The notes on pages 25 to 46 form part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Stephen Moon  
Director  

Ian Ford 
Director 

On behalf of the Board of Provexis plc 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of cash flows 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Loss after tax  
Adjustments for: 
Depreciation 
Finance income 
Taxation 
Share-based payment charge 
Operating cash outflow before changes in working capital 

(Increase) / decrease in trade and other receivables 
Increase / (decrease) in trade and other payables 
Cash used in operations 

Tax credits received 
Net cash outflow from operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
Purchase of plant and equipment 
Purchase of intangible assets 
Interest received 
Cash generated by investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of 
share capital – share placings and open offer 
Expenses paid on share issues 
Proceeds from exercise of share options 
Cash generated by financing activities 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

15 
15 

  Year ended 
31 March  
2011 
£ 

Notes 

Year ended 
31 March  
2010 
£ 

(2,120,665) 

(1,648,180) 

28,697 
(133,439) 
(221,218) 
69,069 
(2,377,556) 

(5,898) 
267,692 
(2,115,762) 

61,844 
(2,053,918) 

(57,285) 
(17,959) 
148,339 
73,095 

2,684,534 
(201,340) 
- 
2,483,194 

502,371 
7,049,134 
7,551,505 

20,908 
(85,326) 
(54,408) 
225,909 
(1,541,097) 

(66,737) 
61,525 
(1,546,309) 

46,215 
(1,500,094) 

(15,149) 
(20,646) 
70,347 
34,552 

7,130,293 
(401,779) 
107,899 
6,836,413 

5,370,871 
1,678,263 
7,049,134 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 

Share  

Share   Warrant 

Merger  

Retained  

to owners of  

controlling  

capital  

premium  

reserve 

reserve  

earnings  

the parent  

interests  

£  

£  

£ 

£  

£  

£  

£  

Total equity  

attributable  

Non-

At 31 March 2009 

4,434,907 

7,979,558 

Share-based charges 

- 

- 

Issue of shares  - exercise of 
share options 

3,482 

104,417 

Issue of shares - subscription 
30 September 2010 

40,969 

915,185 

Issue of shares - subscription 
16 October 2010 

159,031 

3,633,544 

Issue of shares - open offer 22 
December 2010 

85,212 

1,894,573 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Issue of warrants - equity 
financing facility 30 March 2011 

Total comprehensive expense 
for the year 

- 

- 

- 

- 

115,980 

- 

6,273,909  

(13,156,578) 

5,531,796 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

225,909 

225,909 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

107,899 

956,154 

3,792,575 

1,979,785 

115,980 

(1,648,180) 

(1,648,180) 

At 31 March 2010 

4,723,601 

14,527,277 

115,980 

6,273,909 

(14,578,849) 

11,061,918  

Share-based charges 

- 

- 

Issue of shares  - EFF 
drawdown – 28-Jun-10 

Issue of shares  - EFF 
drawdown – 08-Oct-10 

2,135 

86,291 

86,300 

2,296,082 

Total comprehensive expense 
for the year 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

69,069 

69,069 

- 

- 

88,426 

2,382,382 

Total  

equity 

£  

5,531,796 

225,909 

107,899 

956,154 

3,792,575 

1,979,785 

115,980 

(1,648,180) 

11,061,918  

69,069 

88,426 

2,382,382 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,984,206) 

(1,984,206) 

(136,459) 

(2,120,665) 

At 31 March 2011 

4,812,036 

16,909,650 

115,980 

6,273,909 

(16,493,986) 

11,617,589 

(136,459) 

11,481,130 

The total comprehensive expense for the year represents the total recognised income and expense for the 
year. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

1. Accounting policies 
General information 
Provexis  plc  is  a  public  limited  company  incorporated  and  domiciled  in  the  United  Kingdom  (registration 
number  05102907).  The  address  of  the  registered  office  is  Thames  Court,  1  Victoria  Street,  Windsor, 
Berkshire SL4 1YB, UK. 

As described in the Directors‟ Report, the main activities of the Group are those of discovering, developing 
and  licensing  scientifically-proven  technologies  for  the  global  functional  food,  medical  food  and  dietary 
supplement sectors. 

Basis of preparation 
The  Group  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards,  International  Accounting  Standards  and  Interpretations  (collectively  IFRS)  issued  by  the 
International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) as adopted by the European Union (“adopted IFRS”). 

The  Company  has  elected  to  prepare  its  parent  company  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  United 
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (“UK GAAP”), and these are set out on pages 47 to 51. 

The  accounting  policies set  out  below have  been applied  to  all periods  presented  in  these  Group  financial 
statements and are in accordance with IFRS, as adopted by the European Union, and International Financial 
Reporting  Interpretations  Committee  (“IFRIC”)  interpretations  that  were  applicable  for  the  year  ended 
31 March 2011. 

The following new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations, applied for the first time from 1 
April 2010: 

• 
• 
• 

IFRS 3 (Revised) „Business Combinations‟ effective for periods beginning on or after 1 July 2009; 
Improvements to IFRSs (2009) effective for periods beginning on or after 1 January 2010; and 
IFRS  2  (Amendment) 
Transactions‟ effective for periods beginning on or after 1 January 2010. 

„Share-based  Payment:  Group  Cash-settled  Share-based  Payment 

The  adoption  of  these  standards  and  interpretations  has  not  had  any  significant  impact  on  the  amounts 
reported  in  these  financial  statements  but  may  impact  the  accounting  for  future  transactions  and 
arrangements. 

The application of the following standard has resulted in the losses attributable to the non-controlling interest 
being accounted for in the financial statements even where this resulted in the non-controlling interest having 
a deficit balance:  

• 

IAS  27  (Amendment)  „Consolidated  and  Separate  Financial  Statements‟  effective  for  periods 
beginning on or after 1 July 2009. 

The  Directors  have  determined  that  only  one  operating  segment  exists  under  the  terms  of  International 
Financial Reporting Standard 8 „Operating Segments‟, as the Group is organised and operates as a single 
business unit and all activities are based in the UK.. 

The  following  new  standards,  amendments  to  standards  and  interpretations  have  been  issued  but  are  not 
effective  for  the  year  ended  31  March  2011.  The  new  standards,  amendments  to  standards  and 
interpretations will be relevant to the Group but have not been adopted early as the Directors do not expect 
these standards and interpretations to have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements: 

 
 

IFRS 9 „Financial Instruments‟ is effective from periods commencing on or after 1 January 2013. 
IAS  24  (Amended)  „Related  party  disclosures‟  is  effective  from  periods  commencing  on  or  after  1 
January 2011.  

There  are  a number  of  standards,  interpretations  and  amendments  to published  accounts not  listed  above 
which the Directors consider not to be relevant to the Group. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Going concern 
The Group‟s business activities together with the factors likely to affect its future development are set out in 
the  Business  Overview  on  pages  8  to  13.  The  financial  position  of  the  Group,  its  cash  flows  and  liquidity 
position are set out in the Financial Review on pages 6 and 7. In addition note 2 to the financial statements 
includes  the  Group‟s  objectives,  policies  and  processes  for  managing  its  capital;  its  financial  risk 
management objectives; details of its financial instruments and its exposure to credit and liquidity risk. 

The Group made a loss for the year  attributable to owners of the parent  of £1,984,206 (2010: £1,648,180) 
and expects to make a further loss during the year ending 31 March 2012.  At 31 March 2011 the Group had 
cash balances of £7,551,505 (2010: £7,049,134). 

The directors have prepared projected cash flow information for a period including twelve months from the 
date  of  approval  of  these  financial  statements  and  have  reviewed  this  information  as  at  the  date  of  these 
financial  statements.  Based  on  the  level  of  existing  cash,  projected  income  and  expenditure  and  other 
sources of funding, the Directors are satisfied that the Company and the Group have adequate resources to 
continue  in  business  for  the  foreseeable  future.  Accordingly  the  going  concern  basis  has  been  used  in 
preparing the financial statements. 

Basis of consolidation 
Subsidiaries  are  all  entities  (including  special  purpose  entities)  over  which  the  Group  has  the  power  to 
govern the financial and operating policies generally accompanying a shareholding of more than one half of 
the  voting  rights.  Subsidiaries  are  fully  consolidated  from  the  date  on  which  control  is  transferred  to  the 
Group. They are de-consolidated from the date that control ceases. 

The  consolidated  financial  information  presents  the  results  of  the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries, 
Provexis Nutrition Limited, Provexis Natural Products Limited and Provexis (IBD) Limited as if they formed a 
single entity ("the Group"). All subsidiaries share the same reporting date, 31 March, as Provexis plc. All intra 
group balances are eliminated in preparing the financial statements. 

The purchase method of accounting is used to account for the acquisition of subsidiaries by the Group. The 
cost  of  an  acquisition  is  measured  as  the  fair  value  of  the  assets  given,  equity  instruments  issued  and 
liabilities  incurred  or  assumed  at  the  date  of  exchange.  Identifiable  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  and 
contingent  liabilities  assumed  in  a  business  combination  are  measured  initially  at  their  fair  values  at  the 
acquisition  date,  irrespective  of  the  extent  of  any  non-controlling  interest.  The  excess  of  the  cost  of 
acquisition  over  the  fair  value  of  the  Group‟s  share  of  the  identifiable  net  assets  acquired  is  recorded  as 
goodwill. 

Non-controlling interest 
Profit or loss and each component of other comprehensive income are attributed to the owners of the parent 
and  to the non-controlling interests.  Total comprehensive income is  attributed to the owners of the parent 
and the non-controlling interests even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance. 

Revenue 
Revenue  comprises  the  fair  value  received  or  receivable  for  exclusivity  arrangements,  collaboration 
agreements, royalties and sales of the Group‟s Fruitflow® product net of value added tax. 

The accounting policies for the principal revenue streams of the Group are as follows: 

(i) Exclusivity arrangements and similar agreements are recognised as revenue in the accounting period in 
which  the  related  services,  or  required  activities,  are  performed  or  specified  conditions  are  fulfilled  in 
accordance with the terms of completion of the specific transaction. 

(ii) Royalty income relating to the sale by a licensee of licensed product is recognised on an accruals basis in 
accordance with the substance of the relevant agreement and based on the receipt from the licensee of the 
relevant information to enable calculation of the royalty due. 

(iii) Sales of the Group‟s Fruitflow® product are recorded net of value added tax when the significant risks 
and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Leased assets 
Leases,  which  contain  terms  whereby  the  Group  does  not  assume  substantially  all  the  risks  and  rewards 
incidental  to  ownership  of  the  leased  item  are  classified  as  operating  leases.  Operating  lease  rentals  are 
charged to the statement of comprehensive income on a straight line basis over the lease term. The Group 
does not hold any assets under finance leases. 

Intangible assets 
Goodwill 
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the Group‟s share of the 
identifiable  net  assets  acquired.  Goodwill  on  acquisition  of  subsidiaries  is  included  in  „intangible  assets‟. 
Separately  recognised  goodwill  is  tested  annually  for  impairment  and  carried  at  cost  less  accumulated 
impairment losses. 

An  impairment  loss  is  recognised  within  administrative  expenses  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive  income  for  the  amount  by  which  the  asset‟s  carrying  amount  exceeds  its  recoverable 
amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset‟s fair value less costs to sell and value in use. For 
the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately 
identifiable cash flows. 

Impairment losses on goodwill are not reversed. 

Research and development 
Certain  Group  products  are  in  the  research  phase  and  others  are  in  the  development  phase.  Expenditure 
incurred on the development of internally generated products is capitalised if it can be demonstrated that: 

● 
● 
● 
● 
● 
● 

It is technically feasible to develop the product for it to be sold; 
Adequate resources are available to complete the development; 
There is an intention to complete and sell the product; 
The Group is able to sell the product; 
Sale of the product will generate future economic benefits; and 
Expenditure on the project can be measured reliably. 

The  value  of  the  capitalised  development  cost  is  assessed  for  impairment  annually.  The  value  is  written 
down  immediately  if  impairment  has  occurred.  Development  costs  are  not  being  amortised  as  income  has 
not yet been realised from the underlying technology.  

Development  expenditure,  not  satisfying  the  above  criteria,  and  expenditure  on  the  research  phase  of 
internal projects is recognised in the statement of comprehensive income as incurred. 

Patents and trademarks 
The costs incurred in establishing patents and trademarks are either expensed or capitalised in accordance 
with the corresponding treatment of the development expenditure for the product to which they relate. 

Plant and equipment 
Plant  and  machinery,  fixtures,  fittings  and  computer  equipment  and  laboratory  equipment  are  stated  at 
historical  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  any  accumulated  impairment  losses.  Historical  cost 
includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Depreciation is charged to the 
statement  of  comprehensive  income  on  all  plant  and  equipment  at  rates  calculated  to  write  off  the  cost  or 
valuation,  less  estimated  residual  value,  of  each  asset  on  a  straight  line  basis  over  their  estimated  useful 
lives,  which  is  3 years  for  plant  and  machinery,  fixtures,  fittings  and  computer  equipment  and  5  years  for 
laboratory equipment. 

The  assets‟  residual  values  and  useful lives  are  determined  by  the  Directors  and  reviewed  and  adjusted  if 
appropriate at each balance sheet date in accordance with the Group policy for impairment of assets. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Impairment of assets 
Assets that have a finite useful life but that are not yet in use and are therefore not subject to amortisation or 
depreciation  are  tested  annually  for  impairment.  Assets  that  are  subject  to  amortisation  are  reviewed  for 
impairment  annually  and  when  events  or  circumstances  suggest  that  the  carrying  amount  may  not  be 
recoverable, an impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset‟s carrying amount exceeds 
its recoverable amount. 

Goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units („CGU‟) for the purpose of impairment testing to the extent that 
it  is  possible  to  allocate  goodwill  to  a  CGU  on  a  non-arbitrary  basis.  A  CGU  is  identified  at  the  lowest 
aggregation  of  assets  that  generate  largely  independent  cash  inflows,  and  that  which  is  looked  at  by 
management for monitoring and managing the business. 

If the recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of 
the  asset  is  reduced  to  its  recoverable  amount.  An  impairment  loss  is  recognised  immediately  in  the 
statement  of  comprehensive  income,  unless  the  relevant  asset  is  carried  at  a  revalued  amount,  in  which 
case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease. 

Where  an  impairment  loss  subsequently  reverses,  the  carrying  amount  of  the  asset  is  increased  to  the 
revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the 
carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset in 
prior periods. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in the statement of comprehensive 
income,  unless  the  relevant  asset  is  carried  at  a  revalued  amount,  in  which  case  the  reversal  of  the 
impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase. 

Financial instruments 
Financial assets 
The Group‟s financial assets are comprised of „trade and other receivables‟ and „cash and cash equivalents‟. 
They are recognised initially at their fair value and subsequently at amortised cost. The Group will assess at 
each balance sheet date whether there is objective evidence that the financial asset is impaired. If an asset 
is judged to be impaired the carrying amount of the asset will be adjusted to its impaired valuation. 

Financial liabilities 
The  Group‟s  financial  liabilities  comprise  „trade  and  other  payables‟.  These  are  recognised  initially  at  fair 
value and subsequently at amortised cost. 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand. 

Government grants 
Government grants are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and 
the  Group  will  comply  with  all  attached  conditions.  Government  grants  are  recognised  in  the  statement  of 
comprehensive  income  in  the  same  period  to  which  the  costs  that  they  are  intended  to  compensate  are 
expensed. 

Taxation 
Current tax is provided at amounts expected to be recovered or to be paid using the tax rates and tax laws 
that  have  been  enacted  or  substantively  enacted  at  the  balance  sheet  date.  When  research  and 
development  tax  credits  are  claimed  they  are  recognised  on  an  accruals  basis  and  are  included  as  a 
taxation credit. 

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  recognised  where  the carrying  amount of  an  asset  or  liability  on  the 
balance sheet differs from its tax base, except for differences arising on: 

  The initial recognition of goodwill 
  The initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction which is not a business combination and at 

 

the time of the transaction affects neither accounting or taxable profit; and 
Investments in subsidiaries where the Group is able to control the timing of the reversal of the difference 
and it is probable that the difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Taxation (continued) 
Recognition of deferred tax assets is restricted to those instances where it is probable that taxable profits will 
be available against which the difference can be utilised. 

The  amount  of  the  asset  or  liability  is  determined  using  tax  rates  that  have  been  enacted  or  substantively 
enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected  to apply when the deferred tax liabilities/(assets) are 
settled/(recovered). Deferred tax balances are not discounted. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when the Group has a legally enforceable right to offset current 
tax  assets  and  liabilities  and  the  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  relate  to  taxes  levied  by  the  same  tax 
authority on either: 

  The same taxable Group Company; or 

  Different Group entities which intend to settle current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis, or to realise 
the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously, on each future period in which significant amounts of 
deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be settled or recovered. 

Foreign currency translation 
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing 
at  the  dates  of  the  transactions.  Foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  resulting  from  the  settlement  of  such 
transactions  and  from  the  translation  at  period  end  exchange  rates  of  monetary  assets  and  liabilities 
denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the statement of comprehensive income. 

Employee benefits 
(i) Defined contribution plans 
The  Group  provides  retirement  benefits  to  all  employees  and  Executive  Directors.  The  assets  of  these 
schemes  are  held  separately  from  those  of  the  Group  in  independently  administered  funds.  Contributions 
made  by  the  Group  are  charged  to  the  statement  of  comprehensive  income  in  the  period  in  which  they 
become payable. 

(ii) Accrued holiday pay 
Provision has been made at the balance sheet date for holidays accrued but not taken at the salary of the 
relevant employee at that date. 

(iii) Share-based payment transactions 
The  Group  operates  an  equity-settled,  share-based  compensation  plan.  Vesting  conditions  are  service 
conditions  and  performance  conditions  only.  Where  share  options  are  awarded  to  employees  and  others 
providing  similar  services,  the  fair  value  of  the  options  at  the  date  of  grant  is  charged  to  the  statement  of 
comprehensive  income  over  the  vesting  period.  Non-market  vesting  conditions  are  taken  into  account  by 
adjusting the number of equity instruments expected to vest at each balance sheet date so that, ultimately, 
the cumulative amount recognised over the vesting period is based on the number of options that eventually 
vest.  Market vesting conditions  are  factored  into  the  fair  value of  the  options  when  granted.  As  long  as  all 
other vesting conditions are satisfied, a charge is made irrespective of whether the market vesting conditions 
are  satisfied.  The  cumulative  charge  is  not  adjusted  for  failure  to  achieve  a  market  vesting  condition.  If 
market related terms and conditions of options are modified before they vest, the change in the fair value of 
the  options,  measured  immediately  before  and  after  the  modification,  is  also  charged  to  the  statement  of 
comprehensive  income  over  the  remaining  vesting  period.  If  non-market  related  terms  and  conditions  of 
options  are  modified  before  they  vest,  the  number  of  instruments  expected  to  vest  at  each  balance  sheet 
date, and therefore the cumulative charge, is therefore amended accordingly. Where equity instruments are 
granted  to  persons  other  than  employees  and  others  providing  similar  services,  the  statement  of 
comprehensive income is charged with the fair value of goods and services received. 

The  proceeds  received  when  options  are  exercised,  net  of  any  directly  attributable  transaction  costs,  are 
credited to share capital (nominal value) and the remaining balance to share premium. 

National insurance on share options 
All  employee  option  holders  sign  statements  that  they  will  be  liable  for  any  employers  national  insurance 
arising on the exercise of share options. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Interest income 
Interest income is recognised on a time-proportion basis using the effective interest rate method. 

Warrants 
The Group has issued warrants to Evolution Securities Limited as part of the Equity Financing Facility. These 
are considered to be outside the scope of share-based employee remuneration, and hence out of the scope 
of  IFRS  2.  These  warrants  have  been  measured  at  fair  value  at  the  date  of  grant  using  an  appropriate 
options  pricing  model.  This  fair  value  has  been  held  on  the  balance  sheet  within  prepayments  and  in  the 
warrants  reserve  within  equity.  The  prepayment  will  be  released  against  share  premium  as  the  equity 
financing facility is utilised. The warrants reserve will be released to share premium when the  warrants are 
exercised.  If the warrants lapse then the reserve is transferred to retained earnings.  

Critical accounting estimates and judgements 
The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  IFRSs  requires  the  use  of  certain  critical 
accounting estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of 
the  financial  statements  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the  reporting  period. 
Estimates  and  judgements  are  continually  made  and  are  based  on  historic  experience  and  other  factors, 
including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable in the circumstances. 

As  the  use  of  estimates  is  inherent  in  financial  reporting,  actual  results  could  differ  from  these  estimates. 
The Directors believe the following to be the key areas of estimation and judgement: 

(i) Research and development 
Under  IAS  38  Intangible  Assets,  development  expenditure  which  meets  the  recognition  criteria  of  the 
standard must be capitalised and amortised over the useful economic lives of intangible assets from product 
launch. The Directors consider that the criteria to capitalise development expenditure were met  in 2007 for 
one of the Group‟s products and have continued to be met since. 

(ii) Share-based payments 
The  Group  operates  an  equity-settled,  share-based  compensation  plan.  Employee  and  similar  services 
received, and the corresponding increase in equity, are measured by reference to the fair value of the equity 
instruments at the date of grant, which is based upon certain assumptions over the future performance of the 
share price. 

(iii) Goodwill and impairment 
The recoverable amount of goodwill is determined based on value in use calculations of the cash-generating 
units to which it relates.  The value in use calculations use pre-tax cash flow projections for nine years using 
data  from  the  Group‟s  latest  internal  forecasts.  The  revenue  forecasts  are  extrapolated  beyond  nine  years 
and costs are extrapolated beyond two years at growth rates of 2% (2010: between 2% and 7%). The results 
of the value in use calculations are reviewed by the Board. 

The  key  assumptions  for  the  value  in  use  calculations  are  those  regarding  discount  rates,  revenue 
commencement  dates,  growth  rates,  absolute  values  of  expected  sales  and  expected  margins  and  costs. 
Management  estimate  discount  rates  using  pre-tax  rates  that  reflect  the  current  market  assessment  of  the 
time value of money and the risks specific to the cash-generating unit. Revenue commencement dates are 
based  on  current  planned  launch  dates.    Growth  rates,  absolute  values  of  expected  sales  and  expected 
margins  and  costs  are  based  on  information  received  from  commercial  partners  and  market  intelligence 
reports on expectations of future changes in the market. 

Pre-tax cash flow projections are discounted to calculate value in use using a pre-tax discount rate. The pre-
tax discount rate is based on a number of factors including the risk-free rate in the UK, the Group's estimated 
market risk premium, and a premium to reflect the inherent risk of the forecast income streams included in 
the  Group‟s  cash  flow  projections,  which  remain  subject  to  contracts  being  agreed  with  prospective 
customers. 

Further information is given in note 12 to these consolidated financial statements. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

2. Financial risk management 
2.1 Financial risk factors 
The Group‟s activities inevitably expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including currency risk, 
cash flow interest rate risk and fair value interest rate risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. 

It  is  Group  policy  not  to  enter  into  speculative  positions  using  complex  financial  instruments.  The  Group‟s 
primary treasury objective is to minimise exposure to potential capital losses whilst at the same time securing 
favourable market rates of interest on Group cash deposits using money market deposits with banks. Cash 
balances used to settle the liabilities from operating activities are also maintained in current accounts which 
earn interest at variable rates. 

(a) Market risk  
Foreign exchange risk 
The  Group  primarily enters  into contracts which are  to  be settled  in  UK pounds.  However, some  contracts 
involve  other  major  world currencies  including  the  US  Dollar  and  the  Euro.  Where  large  contracts  of  more 
than  £50,000  total  value  are  to  be  settled  in  foreign  currencies  consideration  is  given  to  converting  the 
appropriate  amounts  to  or  from  UK  pounds  at  the  outset  of  the  contract  to  minimise  the  risk  of  adverse 
currency fluctuations. 

The  Group  incurred  minimal  expenditure  in  foreign  currencies  during  the  year,  and  the  prior  year,  and 
consequently there is no material exposure to foreign currency rate risk. 

Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk 
The  Group‟s  interest  rate  risk  arises  from  medium  term  and  short  term  money  market  deposits.  Deposits 
which earn variable rates of interest expose the Group to cash flow interest rate risk. Deposits at fixed rates 
expose the Group to fair value interest rate risk. 

The Group analyses its interest rate exposure on a dynamic basis throughout the year.  

(b) Credit risk 
Credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents and deposits with banks and financial institutions as well 
as credit exposure in relation to outstanding receivables. Group policy is  to place  deposits with institutions 
with investment grade A2 or better (Moody‟s credit rating) and deposits are made in sterling only. The Group 
does  not  expect  any  losses  from  non-performance  by  these  institutions.  Management  believes  that  the 
carrying  value  of  outstanding  receivables  and  deposits  with  banks  represents  the  Group‟s  maximum 
exposure to credit risk. 

(c) Liquidity risk 
Liquidity  risk  arises  from  the  Group‟s  management  of  working  capital,  it  is  the  risk  that  the  Group  will 
encounter  difficulty  in  meeting  its  financial  obligations  as  they  fall  due.  Prudent  liquidity  risk  management 
implies maintaining sufficient cash and cash equivalents and management monitors rolling forecasts of the 
Group‟s liquidity on the basis of expected cash flow. 

The  Group  had  trade  and  other  payables  at  the  statement  of  financial  position  date  of  £563,190  (2010: 
£295,498) as disclosed in note 16 on page 39. 

2.2 Capital risk management 
The  Group  considers  its  capital  to  comprise  its  ordinary  share  capital,  share  premium,  warrant  reserve, 
merger  reserve  and  accumulated  retained  earnings  as  disclosed  in  the  consolidated  statement  of  financial 
position on page 22. 

The Group remains funded primarily by equity capital which reflects the development status of its products. 
The Group‟s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Group‟s ability to continue as a going 
concern in order to provide returns for equity holders of the Company and benefits for other stakeholders and 
to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the cost of capital. 

2.3 Fair value estimation 
The Group uses amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method, to determine subsequent fair value 
after initial recognition, for its financial instruments. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

3. Segmental reporting 
The  Directors  have  determined  that  only  one  operating  segment  exists  under  the  terms  of  International 
Financial Reporting Standard 8 „Operating Segments‟, as the Group is organised and operates as a single 
business unit and all activities are based in the UK.. 

4. Grant income 

NWDA  R&D  grant  income  recognised  in  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive income 

5. Loss from operations 

Loss from operations is stated after charging: 

Depreciation of plant and equipment 
Operating lease costs – land and buildings 
Equity-settled share based payment expense 
Defined contribution pension expense 

Year ended 
31 March 
2011 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

- 
- 

80,000 
80,000 

Year ended 
31 March 
2011 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

28,697 
120,543 
69,069 
37,370 

20,908 
102,875 
225,909 
31,581 

The total fees of the Group‟s auditor, BDO LLP, for services provided are analysed below: 

Audit services 
Parent company 
Subsidiaries 
Tax services – compliance 
Parent company 
Subsidiaries 
Other services 
Tax advisory services 
Parent company – share option scheme advice 
Subsidiary – NWDA grant 
Review of interim statement 
Corporate finance 

Year ended 
31 March  
2011 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

14,000 
27,500 

4,000 
10,600 

700 
- 
- 
5,000 
7,000 

12,600 
26,900 

3,600 
8,400 

2,000 
8,000 
3,000 
5,000 
- 

Total fees 

68,800 

69,500 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

6. Wages and salaries 
The average monthly number of persons (including all Directors) employed by the Group during the year was 
as follows: 

Administrative staff 
Research and development staff 
Directors 

Their aggregate emoluments were: 

Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Other pension and insurance benefits costs 
Total cash settled emoluments 
Accrued holiday pay 
Share-based payment remuneration charge: equity settled 
Total emoluments 

7. Directors’ emoluments 

Directors 
Aggregate emoluments 
Company pension contributions 
Share based payment remuneration charge: equity settled 
Gains made on exercise of directors‟ share options 
Total Directors’ emoluments 

 Year ended 
 31 March  
2011 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 

1 
8 
6 
15 

- 
7 
6 
13 

 Year ended 
 31 March  
2011 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

953,287 
102,944 
48,089 
1,104,320 
13,429 
69,069 
1,186,818 

733,879  
71,980 
38,266 
844,125 
1,600 
225,909 
1,071,634 

 Year ended 
 31 March 
2011 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

594,299 
20,695 
39,847 
- 
654,841 

502,144 
18,822 
185,824 
20,082 
726,872 

Emoluments disclosed above include the following amounts in respect of the highest paid Director: 

Aggregate emoluments 
Company pension contributions 
Share based payment remuneration charge: equity settled 
Total of the highest paid Director’s emoluments 

 Year ended 
 31 March 
2011 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

246,985 
8,832 
15,857 
271,674 

183,169 
7,980 
107,303 
298,452 

During the year, three Directors (2010: three Directors) participated in defined contribution pension schemes. 

Directors‟ emoluments include amounts attributable to benefits in kind comprising private medical insurance 
on which the directors are assessed for tax purposes. The amounts attributable to benefits in kind are stated 
at cost to the Group, which is also the tax value of the attributable benefits. 

Further details of Directors‟ emoluments are included in the Remuneration report on pages 14 to 18. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

8. Finance income 

Bank interest receivable 

9. Taxation 

Current tax income 
United Kingdom corporation tax research and development credit 
Adjustment in respect of prior period 
United Kingdom corporation tax research and development credit 
Taxation credit 

 Year ended 
 31 March 
2011 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

133,439 
133,439 

85,326 
85,326 

Year ended 
31 March 
2011 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

150,000 

71,218 
221,218 

50,000 

4,408 
54,408 

The tax assessed for the year is different from the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK. The differences 
are explained below: 

Loss before tax 

Loss before tax multiplied by the 
standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 28% (2010: 28%) 
Effects of: 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Difference between depreciation and capital allowances 
Other short-term timing differences 
Unutilised tax losses and other deductions arising in the year 
Tax deduction for share options exercised 
Additional deduction for R&D expenditure 
Surrender of tax losses for R&D tax credit refund 
Adjustments in respect of prior years 
Total tax credit for the year 

Year ended 
31 March 
2011 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

2,341,883 

1,702,588 

655,727 

476,725 

(12,435) 
8,005 
(21,718) 
(508,496) 
- 
178,917 
(150,000) 
71,218 
221,218 

3,540 
(5,854) 
(63,255) 
(442,056) 
80,900 
50,000 
(50,000) 
4,408 
54,408 

At  31  March  2011  the  Group  UK  tax  losses  to  be  carried  forward  are  estimated  to  be  £14,488,679 
(2010: £13,398,578). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

9. Taxation (continued) 

Deferred tax 
Deferred tax assets amounting to £4,093,379 (2010: £4,391,974) have not been recognised on the basis that 
their  future  economic  benefit  is  not  certain.  Assuming  a  prevailing  tax  rate  of  26%  (2010:  28%)  when  the 
timing differences reverse, the unrecognised deferred tax asset comprises: 

Depreciation in excess of capital allowances 
Other short term timing differences 
Unutilised tax losses 
Share-based payments 

Income tax asset receivable within one year 

Corporation tax recoverable 

 Year ended 
 31 March 
2011 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2010 
£ 

4,324 
6,773 
3,767,057 
315,225 
4,093,379 

16,903 
- 
3,639,702 
735,369 
 4,391,974 

31 March 
2011 
£ 

271,220 
271,220 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

111,844 
111,844 

10. Loss per share 
Basic  and  diluted  loss  per  share  amounts  are  calculated  by  dividing  the  loss  attributable  to  owners  of  the 
parent by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the period. 

There are 62,471,648 share options in issue (2010: 62,471,648) that are all currently anti-dilutive and have 
therefore been excluded from the calculations of the diluted loss per share. 

Basic and diluted loss per share amounts are in respect of all activities. 

Loss for the year attributable 
to owners of the parent - £ 

Year ended  
31 March 
2011  

Year ended  
31 March 
2010  

1,984,206 

1,648,180 

Weighted average number of shares 

1,150,836,614 

937,060,783 

Basic and diluted loss per share – pence 

0.17 

0.18 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

11. Intangible assets 

Cost 
At 1 April 2010 
Additions  
At 31 March 2011 

Amortisation and impairment 
At 1 April 2010 
At 31 March 2011 

Net book value 
At 31 March 2011 
At 31 March 2010 

Cost 
At 1 April 2009 
Additions  
At 31 March 2010 

Amortisation and impairment 
At 1 April 2009 
At 31 March 2010 

Net book value 
At 31 March 2010 
At 31 March 2009 

Goodwill 

£ 

Development 
costs 
£ 

57,933 
17,959 
75,892 

7,265,277 
- 
7,265,277 

3,462,592 
3,462,592 

Total 

£ 

7,323,210 
17,959 
7,341,169 

- 
- 

3,462,592 
3,462,592 

3,802,685 
3,802,685 

75,892 
57,933 

3,878,577 
3,860,618 

7,265,277 
- 
7,265,277 

3,462,592 
3,462,592 

37,287 
20,646 
57,933 

7,302,564 
20,646 
7,323,210 

- 
- 

3,462,592 
3,462,592 

3,802,685 
3,802,685 

57,933 
37,287 

3,860,618 
3,839,972 

Development costs represent costs incurred in registering patents that meet the capitalisation criteria set out 
in IAS 38, see also note 1. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

12. Goodwill and impairment 
Goodwill arising on consolidation represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the 
Group‟s share of the net assets of the acquired subsidiary at the date of acquisition. 

Goodwill  arose  on  23  June  2005  when  the  Company  acquired  the  entire  issued  share  capital  of 
Provexis Natural Products Limited (formerly Provexis Limited), a private company engaged in research and 
development. Provexis Natural Products Limited has been consolidated using the purchase method and its 
results have been incorporated in the Group results from the date of acquisition. 

Goodwill  arising  on  business  combinations  is  not  amortised  but  is  reviewed  for  impairment  on  an  annual 
basis or more frequently if there are indications that goodwill may be impaired. 

The recoverable amount of goodwill is determined based on value in use calculations of the cash-generating 
units to which it has been allocated. 

The  key  assumptions  for  the  value  in  use  calculations  are  those  regarding  discount  rates,  revenue 
commencement  dates,  growth  rates,  absolute  values  of  expected  sales  and  expected  margins  and  costs. 
Management  estimate  discount  rates  using  pre-tax  rates  that  reflect  the  current  market  assessment  of  the 
time value of money and the risks specific to the cash-generating unit. Revenue commencement dates are 
based  on  current  planned  launch  dates.    Growth  rates,  absolute  values  of  expected  sales  and  expected 
margins  and  costs  are  based  on  information  received  from  commercial  partners  and  market  intelligence 
reports  on  expectations  of  future  changes  in  the  market.    The  growth  rates  used  are  below  the  long-term 
growth rates for the Nutraceuticals industry. 

The value in use calculations use pre-tax cash inflow projections for nine years using data from the Group‟s 
approved internal forecasts. The cash inflow forecasts are extrapolated beyond nine years at growth rates of 
2% (2010: between 2% and 7%) for a further 6 years and thereafter at a nil growth rate in perpetuity.  The 
results of the value in use calculations are reviewed by the Board.   

The Directors believe that it is appropriate to use internally approved forecasts for a period of 9 years as this 
will give a more accurate estimate of the likely growth patterns in the early stages of the product‟s life than 
the application of a single growth rate. 

The value in use calculations use pre-tax cash outflows  for two  to four years based on approved budgets.  
The cash outflow forecasts are extrapolated beyond two to four years at growth rates of 2% for a further 13 
or  11  years  (2010:  2%)  and  thereafter  at  a  nil  growth  rate  in  perpetuity.    The  results  of  value  in  use 
calculations are reviewed by the Board. 

The  values  used  in  the  Group‟s  internal  forecasts  reflect  anticipated  market  developments,  following 
discussions with prospective customers and suppliers. An element of the risk inherent in the forecast income 
streams, which remain subject to contracts being agreed with prospective customers, has been incorporated 
in the Group‟s pre-tax cash flow projections and discount rates. 

Pre-tax cash flow projections have been discounted to calculate value in use using pre-tax discount rates of 
15.8% and 29.8% (2010: 23%) reflecting the stage of development of their respective cash generating units.  
No impairment charge was required in the current or previous year. 

The pre-tax discount rate is based on a number of factors including the risk-free rate in the UK, the Group's 
estimated  market  risk  premium,  and  a  premium  to  reflect  the  inherent  risk  of  the  forecast  income  streams 
included  in  the  Group‟s  cash  flow  projections,  which  remain  subject  to  contracts  being  agreed  with 
prospective customers. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

13. Plant and equipment 

Cost 
At 1 April 2010 
Additions 
Disposals 
At 31 March 2011 

Depreciation 
At 1 April 2010 
Charge for the year 
Disposals 
At 31 March 2011 

Net book value 
At 31 March 2011 
At 31 March 2010 

Cost 
At 1 April 2009 
Additions 
At 31 March 2010 

Depreciation 
At 1 April 2009 
Charge for the year 
At 31 March 2010 

Net book value 
At 31 March 2010 
At 31 March 2009 

  Fixtures, fittings 
and computer 
equipment 
£ 

Laboratory 
equipment 

Total 

£ 

£ 

49,784 
15,010 
(196) 
64,598 

39,251 
8,014 
(196) 
47,069 

17,529 
10,533 

  Fixtures, fittings 
and computer 
equipment 
£ 

41,433 
8,351 
49,784 

34,549 
4,702 
39,251 

10,533 
6,884 

85,967 
42,275 
- 
128,242 

35,318 
20,684 
- 
56,002 

72,240 
50,649 

Laboratory 
equipment 

135,751 
57,285 
(196) 
192,840 

74,569 
28,698 
(196) 
103,071 

89,769 
61,182 

Total 

£ 

£ 

79,169 
6,798 
85,967 

19,112 
16,206 
35,318 

50,649 
60,057 

120,602 
15,149 
135,751 

53,661 
20,908 
74,569 

61,182 
66,941 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

14. Trade and other receivables 

Amounts receivable within one year: 
Trade receivables 
Other receivables 
Total loans and receivables 
Prepayments and accrued income 

31 March 
2011 
£ 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

48,708 
39,862 
88,570 
164,679 
253,249 

- 
48,529 
48,529 
226,109 
274,638  

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of these receivables approximates to their fair value. 

All amounts shown under receivables fall due for payment within one year. 

15. Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash at bank and in hand 

16. Trade and other payables 

Trade payables 
Other taxes and social security 
Accruals 
Total financial liabilities measured at amortised cost 

31 March  
2011 
£ 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

7,551,505 
7,551,505 

7,049,134 
7,049,134 

31 March 
2011 
£ 

91,529 
62,376 
409,285 
563,190 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

87,409 
72,972 
135,117 
295,498 

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of these liabilities approximates to their fair value. 

All amounts shown fall due within one year. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

17. Share capital 
On 31 March 2010 the Company announced that it had secured a 3 year Equity Financing Facility of up to 
£25m (the “EFF”) with Evolution Securities Limited (“Evolution”). The EFF was arranged by Darwin Strategic 
Limited (“Darwin”), an appointed representative of Evolution. 

On 22 June 2010 the Company announced that it had raised a net £88,426 by drawing down on the EFF, 
allotting 2,135,000 new ordinary shares of 0.1p each to Darwin. 

On 4 October 2010 the Company announced that it had raised a further net £2.4m by drawing down on the 
EFF, allotting 86,300,000 new ordinary shares of 0.1p each to Darwin. 

The EFF agreement, provides the Company with a facility which (subject to certain limited restrictions) can 
be drawn down at any time over the 3 years ending on 29 March 2013. The timing and amount of any draw 
down is at the discretion of Provexis. Provexis is under no obligation to make a draw down and may make as 
many draw downs as its wishes, up to the total value of the EFF, by way of issuing subscription notices to 
Evolution.  Following  delivery  of  a  subscription  notice,  Evolution  will  subscribe  and  Provexis  will  allot  to 
Evolution new ordinary shares of 0.1p each (“Ordinary Shares”). 

The subscription price for any Ordinary Shares to be subscribed by Evolution under a subscription notice will 
be  at  a  7.5%  discount  to  an  agreed  reference  price  determined  during  5,  10  or  15  trading  days  following 
delivery of a subscription notice (the “Pricing Period”). The length of the Pricing Period is at the discretion of 
Provexis  and  is  set  at  each  relevant  subscription  notice.  Provexis  is  also  obliged  to  specify  in  each 
subscription notice a minimum price below which Ordinary Shares will not be issued. 

Warrant reserve 
In  consideration  of  Evolution  agreeing  to  provide  the  EFF  the  Company  entered  into  a  warrant  agreement 
dated 30 March 2010 for the grant to Evolution of warrants to subscribe for up to ten million Ordinary Shares, 
such warrants to be exercisable at a price of 20 pence per share and to be exercisable at any time prior to 
the expiry of 36 months following the date of the warrant agreement. 

The  warrants  were  measured  at  fair  value  at  the  date  of  grant  using  a  Black-Scholes  model,  with  the 
following assumptions: 

Date of 
grant 

Exercise 
price 

Number of 
warrants 

pence 

Share 
price at 
grant date 

pence 

Expected 
volatility 

Risk free 
rate 

Expected 
life 

years 

Fair value 
per share 
under 
warrant 
pence 

30-Mar-10 

20.0  10,000,000 

6.3 

70% 

1.77% 

3 

1.1598 

Warrant reserve (continued) 
An expected dividend yield of 0% was used in the above valuation. 

The  assumption  made  for  the  expected  life  of  the  warrants  is  not  necessarily  indicative  of  the  exercise 
patterns  that  may  occur.  The  expected  volatility  reflects  the  assumption  that  the  historical  volatility 
is indicative of future trends, which may not necessarily be the actual outcome. 

The total fair value of the warrants, £115,980, has been held on the balance sheet within prepayments and in 
the  warrants  reserve  within  equity.  The  prepayment  will  be  released  against  share  premium  as  the  equity 
financing facility is utilised. The warrants reserve will be released to share premium when the warrants are 
exercised. If the warrants lapse then the reserve is transferred to retained earnings. 

Evolution  or  the  Company  may  terminate  the  EFF  in  specified  circumstances.  The  issue  of  subscription 
notices  is  subject  to  specified  pre-conditions.  The  Company  has  provided  warranties  and  indemnities  to 
Evolution and affiliated persons. If the aggregate price paid for the Ordinary Shares allotted under the EFF 
by  the  second  anniversary  of  the  EFF  is  not  equal  to  or  more  than  five  million  pounds  (subject  to  certain 
exceptions),  or  if  the  EFF  is  terminated  by  Evolution  in  certain  circumstances,  then  the  Company  will  be 
required to pay a fee to Evolution amounting to 1% of the value of the facility in cash or by an issue of fully 
paid ordinary shares at the Company‟s discretion. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

17. Share capital (continued) 

Share re-organisation 
In  August  2008,  to  facilitate  a  share  placing,  the  company  undertook  a  share  re-organisation  when  It  was 
agreed to sub-divide: 

  each of the 401,724,366 then issued existing ordinary shares of 1p each in the capital of the Company 

into one new ordinary share of 0.1p and one Deferred Share of 0.9p; and 

  each of the 148,275,634 unissued ordinary shares of 1p each into 10 new ordinary shares of 0.1p each, 

The share re-organisation was approved at an EGM on 26 August 2008. 

The  rights  attached  to  the  new  ordinary  shares  are  substantially  the  same  as  the  rights  attached  to  the 
original, pre placing ordinary shares. The Deferred Shares have very limited rights which are deferred to the 
new  ordinary  shares  and  effectively  carry  no  value  as  a  result.  Accordingly,  the  holders  of  the  Deferred 
Shares  are  not  entitled  to  receive  notice  of,  attend  or  vote  at  general  meetings  of  the  Company;  nor  be 
entitled to receive any dividends or any payment on a return of capital until at least £10,000,000 has been 
paid  on  each  new  ordinary  share.  No  application  will  be  made  for  the  Deferred  Shares  to  be  admitted  to 
trading on AIM. No certificates for the Deferred Shares will be issued. 

Full details of the share re-organisation were provided in a circular to shareholders on 1 August 2008. The 
circular is available to download from the Company‟s website www.provexis.com. 

Allotted, called up and fully paid 

At 31 March 2010 
Issued on subscription 
At 31 March 2011 

At 31 March 2010 
Issued on subscription 
At 31 March 2011 

Allotted, called up and fully paid 

At 31 March 2009 
Issued on exercise of share options 
Issued on subscription 
Issued on open offer 
At 31 March 2010 

At 31 March 2009 
Issued on exercise of share options 
Issued on subscription 
Issued on open offer 
At 31 March 2010 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
number 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
number 

Total 

number 

1,108,081,929 
88,435,000 
1,196,516,929 

401,724,366 
- 
401,724,366 

1,509,806,295 
88,435,000 
1,598,241,295 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
£ 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
£ 

1,108,082 
88,435 
1,196,517 

3,615,519 
- 
3,615,529 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
number 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
number 

Total 

£ 

4,723,601 
88,435 
4,812,036 

Total 

number 

819,387,796 
3,482,469 
200,000,000 
85,211,664 
1,108,081,929 

401,724,366 
- 
- 
- 
401,724,366 

1,221,112,162 
3,482,469 
200,000,000 
85,211,664 
1,509,806,295 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
£ 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
£ 

819,388 
3,482 
200,000 
85,212 
1,108,082 

3,615,519 
- 
- 
- 
3,615,519 

Total 

£ 

4,434,907 
3,482 
200,000 
85,212 
4,723,601 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

17. Share capital (continued) 
During the year ended 31 March 2011 the Company issued ordinary shares of 0.1p each as follows: 

Date 

Reason for issue 

22.06.10 
04.10.10 

Share subscription 
Share subscription 

Shares issued 

£ 
2,135 
86,300 
88,435 

Number 
2,135,000 
86,300,000 
88,435,000 

During the year ended 31 March 2010 the Company issued ordinary shares of 0.1p as follows: 

Date 

Reason for issue 

Shares issued 

04.09.09 
11.09.09 
30.09.09 
16.10.09 
22.12.09 
19.02.10 

Exercise of share options 
Exercise of share options 
Share subscription 
Share subscription 
Open offer 
Exercise of share options  

£ 
1,768 
1,384 
40,969 
159,031 
85,212 
330 
288,694 

Number 
1,768,180 
1,383,989 
40,969,390 
159,030,610 
85,211,664 
330,300 
288,694,133 

18. Share options 
In June 2005 the Company adopted a new share option  scheme for employees (”the Provexis 2005 share 
option  scheme”).  Under  the  scheme,  options  to  purchase  ordinary  shares  are  granted  by  the  Board  of 
Directors, subject to the exercise price of the option being not less than the market value at the grant date. 
The  options  typically  vest  after  a  period  of  3  years  and  the  vesting  schedule  is  subject  to  predetermined 
overall company selection criteria. In the event that the option holder‟s employment is terminated, the option 
may not be exercised unless the Board of Directors so permits. The options expire 10 years from the date 
of grant. 

The Company undertook a reverse takeover of Provexis Natural Products Limited (“PNP”, formerly Provexis 
Limited) in June 2005 through a share for share exchange. Prior to the takeover the Company and PNP had 
granted EMI options and unapproved options. Options granted by the Company prior to the takeover remain 
subject  to  the  same  terms  as  contained  in  the  individual  share  option  contracts  under  which  they  were 
originally  granted.  The  PNP  EMI  options  and  unapproved  options  were  rolled  over  into  options  over  the 
Company‟s ordinary shares, and these replacement options remain subject to the same terms as contained 
in the individual PNP share option contracts under which they were originally granted. 

On  1  September  2008  the  Company  announced  that  further  to  an  announcement  on  1  August  2008  the 
Company's Remuneration Committee had approved the grant of options over 62,471,648 ordinary shares of 
0.1p each to certain Directors and employees of the Company. As a condition of the grant of options, certain 
Directors  surrendered  19,089,110  existing  options  and  an  additional  3,709,384  existing  options  were 
surrendered by other existing employees. 

On  15  October  2009  the  Company‟s  Remuneration  Committee  modified  the  Performance  Period  and 
Performance  Target  of  share  options  over  62,471,648  ordinary  shares  of  0.1p  each  held  by  the  Executive 
Directors and employees of the Company. 

Following  the  changes  agreed  to  the  Performance  Period  and  Performance  Target,  share  options  over 
27,305,073 ordinary shares of 0.1p each held by certain Directors and employees of the Company vested on 
15 October 2009. Share options over 35,166,575 ordinary shares of 0.1p each held by certain Directors and 
employees of the Company will vest on 1 April 2011. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

18. Share options (continued) 
At 31 March 2011 the number of ordinary shares subject to options granted over the 2005 and prior option 
schemes were: 

EMI options 

31 March 2011 

31 March 2010 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
(pence) 

Number 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
(pence) 

Number 

Outstanding at the beginning of the year 
Granted during the year 
Exercised during the year 
Cancelled during the year 
Outstanding at the end of the year 

1.07 
- 
- 
- 
1.07 

51,552,031 
- 
- 
- 
51,552,031 

- 
2.75 
- 

1.15  54,198,000 
- 
(2,645,969) 
- 
1.07  51,552,031 

The  exercise  price  of  EMI  options  outstanding  at  the  end  of  the  year  ranged  between  0.9p  and  6.28p 
(2010: 0.9p and 6.28p) and their weighted average contractual life was 7.3 years (2010: 8.3 years). 

Of the total number of EMI options outstanding at the end of the year,  23,709,976 (2010: 23,709,976) had 
vested and were exercisable at the end of the year. Their weighted average exercise price was  1.3 pence 
(2010: 1.8 pence). 

Unapproved options 

31 March 2011 
Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
(pence) 

Number 

31 March 2010 

Number 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
(pence) 

Outstanding at the beginning of the year 
Granted during the year 
Exercised during the year 
Cancelled during the year 
Outstanding at the end of the year 

1.18  10,919,617 
- 
- 
- 
1.18  10,919,617 

- 
- 
- 

1.39 
- 
4.20 
- 
1.18 

11,756,117 
- 
(836,500) 
- 
10,919,617 

The exercise price of unapproved options outstanding at the end of the year ranged between 0.9p and 6.28p 
(2010: 0.9p and 6.28p) and their weighted average contractual life was 6.3 years (2010: 7.3 years). 

Of the total number of unapproved options outstanding at the end of the year, 3,595,097 (2010: 3,595,097) 
had  vested  and  were  exercisable  at  the  end  of  the  year.  Their  weighted  average  exercise  price  was  1.7 
pence (2010: 1.7 pence). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

18. Share options (continued) 
Grant of options 
The fair values of the options have been estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes model, using 
the following assumptions: 

Tranche 

Date of 
grant 

Exercise 
price 

Number of 
options 

pence 

1 
2 
3 
4 

06-Jun-07 
29-Nov-07 
26-Aug-08 
01-Oct-08 

3.38 

2.875  17,304,347 
2,751,479 
0.9  44,166,575 
0.9  12,000,000 

Share 
price at 
grant 
date 

pence 

2.75 
3.00 
0.87 
0.725 

Expected 
volatility 

Risk free 
rate 

Expected 
life 

Fair value 
per share 
under 
option 

78% 
65% 
65% 
65% 

4.44% 
3.77% 
4.45% 
4.39% 

years 

pence 

10 
10 
10 
10 

1.42 
1.06 
0.585 
0.485 

An expected dividend yield of 0% has been used in all of the above valuations. 

The expected life of the options is based on historical data and is not necessarily indicative of the exercise 
patterns  that  may  occur.  The  expected  volatility  reflects  the  assumption  that  the  historical  volatility 
is indicative of future trends, which may not necessarily be the actual outcome. 

total  charge 

The 
(2010: £225,909) all of which related to equity settled share-based payment transactions. 

to  employee  share-based  payment  plans  was  £69,069 

the  year  relating 

for 

The Company carried out a share re-organisation on 28 August 2008, which is further detailed in note 17 to 
the consolidated financial statements on page 41. 

Share options which had been granted prior to 28 August 2008 over existing ordinary shares with a nominal 
value  of  1p  each  in  the  capital  of  the  Company  became  options  over  new  ordinary  shares  with  a  nominal 
value of 0.1p each in the capital of the Company. The options remain subject to the same terms as contained 
in the individual option contracts under which they were originally granted. 

Share  options  issued  after  28  August  2008  are  options  over  new  ordinary  shares  with  a  nominal  value  of 
0.1p each in the capital of the Company. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

19. Reserves 

At 1 April 2009 
Loss for the year 
Share-based 
charges 
Issue  of  shares  - 
exercise  of  share 
options 
Issue  of  shares  - 
subscription  
Issue  of  shares  - 
open offer 
Warrants 
issued 
during  the  year  - 
equity 
financing 
facility 
At 31 March 2010 
Loss for the year 
Share-based 
charges 
Issue  of  shares  - 
subscription  
At 31 March 2011 

Share 
premium 
reserve 

Warrant 
reserve 

Merger 
reserve 

Retained 
earnings  

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

Total 
attributable 
to equity 
holders of the 
parent 
£ 

7,979,558 
- 
- 

104,417 

4,548,729 

1,894,573 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

6,273,909 
- 
- 

(13,156,578) 
(1,648,180) 
225,909 

1,096,889 
(1,648,180) 
225,909 

- 

- 

- 

- 

104,417 

4,548,729 

1,894,573 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Non-
controlling 
interest 

Total 
equity 

£ 

£ 

- 
- 
- 

1,096,889 
(1,648,180) 
225,909 

104,417 

4,548,729 

1,894,573 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

115,980 

115,980 

115,980 

14,527,277 
- 
- 

115,980 
- 
- 

6,273,909 
- 
- 

(14,578,849) 
(1,984,206) 
69,069 

6,338,317 
(1,984,206) 
69,069 

- 
(136,459) 
- 

6,338,317 
(2,120,665) 
69,069 

2,382,373 

- 

- 

- 

2,382,373 

- 

2,382,373 

16,909,650 

115,980 

6,273,909 

(16,493,986) 

6,805,553 

(136,459) 

6,669,094 

The following describes the nature and purpose of each reserve within total equity: 

Share capital 
Share premium 
Warrant reserve 

Merger reserve 

Retained earnings 

Amount subscribed for share capital at nominal value. 
Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value. 
The  warrant  reserve  arose  in  March  2010  when  the  Group  issued  warrants  to 
Evolution Securities Limited as part of the Equity Financing Facility (see Note 17). 
The  merger  reserve  arose  on  the  reverse  takeover  in  2005  of  Provexis  Natural 
Products  Limited  (formerly  Provexis  Limited)  by  Provexis  plc  through  a  share  for 
share exchange. 
Cumulative  net  gains  and  losses  recognised  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive income. 

20. Pension costs 
The  pension  charge  represents  contributions  payable  by  the  Group  to  independently  administered  funds 
which  during the  year  ended  31  March  2011  amounted  to  £37,370  (2010:  £31,581).  Pension  contributions 
payable but not yet paid at 31 March 2011 totalled £26,051, in respect of pension contribution entitlements 
where  employees  had  not  yet  provided  details  of  the  funds  to  which  the  contributions  should  be  made 
(2010: £16,368).  In  addition,  pension  contributions  payable  in  arrears  at  31  March  2011  totalled  £  Nil 
(2010: £1,189).  All  unpaid  contributions  are  included  in  accrued  social  security  costs  at  the  balance 
sheet date. 

21. Operating lease commitments 
Future minimum rentals payable under non-cancellable operating leases are as follows: 

Due within 1 year 

31 March 
2011 
£ 

90,500 
90,500 

31 March 
2010 
£ 

86,500 
86,500 

Operating  lease  payments  represent  rentals  payable  by  the  Group  for  various  offices.  The  leases  have 
various terms, escalation clauses and renewal rights typical of lease agreements for the class of asset. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

22. Related party transactions 
On  12  February  2010  the  Company  announced  that  it  had  entered  into  a  Letter  of  Intent  (“LOI”)  for  its 
Fruitflow® technology with DSM Nutritional Products (“DSM”). 

The LOI provided a framework for the parties to develop a long-term Alliance Agreement (the “Agreement”), 
giving DSM exclusive global rights to Fruitflow®. 

On  1  June  2010  the  Company  announced  a  long-term  Alliance  Agreement  with  DSM  Nutritional  Products, 
which will see the Company collaborate with DSM to develop Fruitflow® in all major global markets. DSM will 
invest  substantially  in  the  manufacture,  technology  development,  marketing  and  sale  of  Fruitflow®  in  the 
coming  years.  Provexis  will  continue  to contribute scientific  expertise and  will collaborate  in areas  such  as 
cost of goods optimisation and regulatory matters. The financial model is based upon the division of profits 
between the two partners on an agreed basis, linked to certain revenue targets,  following the deduction of 
the  cost  of  goods  and  a  fixed  level  of  overhead  from  sales.  The  Company  is  working  closely  with  DSM  in 
various areas related to launch planning. It is not possible to determine the financial impact of the Alliance 
Agreement at this time. 

DSM is classified as a related party of the Group in accordance with IAS 24 as it holds shares in the Group. 
Further, K Rietveld is a director of the Company, and a senior employee of DSM. The directors of Provexis 
(the "Directors"), having consulted with Evolution Securities Limited ("Evolution Securities"), the Company's 
nominated  adviser,  consider  that  the  terms  of  the  letter  of  intent  and  the  Alliance  Agreement  are  fair  and 
reasonable insofar as Provexis's shareholders are concerned. In providing advice to the Directors, Evolution 
Securities has taken into account the Directors' commercial assessments. 

On  1  June  2011  the  Group  announced  an  agreement  to  commercialise  DSM  owned  intellectual  property, 
through the development of a new product for the promotion of healthy blood glucose levels. 

Key management compensation 
The Directors represent the key management personnel. Details of their compensation and share options are 
given in note 7 and within the Remuneration report on pages 14 to 18. 

23. Post balance sheet events 
On  1  June  2011  the  Group  announced  an  agreement  to  commercialise  DSM  owned  intellectual  property, 
through the development of a new product for the promotion of healthy blood glucose levels. 

On 17 June 2011 the Group entered into an  agreement to acquire 100% of the issued share capital of SiS 
(Science in Sport) Limited, a company which manufactures and sells sports nutrition products for a maximum 
consideration of £8m, subject to completion.  £7m is payable in cash of which £250,000 is to held in escrow 
against claims under the Share Purchase Agreement and related contracts for one year or longer if claims 
have been notified but not settled.  The balance of the consideration is £1m in Provexis shares, with a lock-in 
of two years.  The £7m cash consideration will be met by £4.5m from current cash reserves and £2.5m from 
a  subscription  for  new  shares.    The  Company  intends  to  undertake  an  Open  Offer  to  shareholders  of  the 
Company as soon as is reasonably practicable after the completion of the Acquisition. 

Completion of the acquisition is dependent on the fulfilment of certain conditions, which had not been met at 
the date of approval: 

 

the admission by the London Stock Exchange of the consideration shares to AIM becoming effective 
in accordance with the AIM Rules; and 

  a placing agreement between the Company and Evolution Securities Limited concerning the placing 
becoming  unconditional  in  all  respects  (save  for  the  condition  in  the  placing  agreement  that  the 
agreement concerning the Acquisition becomes unconditional).  

Since the acquisition agreement entered into on 17 June 2011 is conditional, and completion has therefore 
not  yet  occurred,  control  is  not  deemed  to  have  passed  to  the  Company  as at  the  date  of  approval  of  the 
financial statements and there is therefore no requirement to provide IFRS 3 disclosures in respect of a post 
balance sheet acquisition.  However, in the interests of full disclosure, we have included those disclosures 
for which information is available at the date of approval. 

For  the  financial  year  ended  31  December  2010,  SiS  had  unaudited  turnover  of  £4.6  million  (2009:  £4.3 
million (unaudited)) and unaudited profit before tax of £0.2 million (2009: £0.4 million (unaudited)). As at 31 
December 2010, SiS had unaudited net assets of £0.96 million (2009: £0.8 million (unaudited)). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Parent company balance sheet 

Company number 05102907 

Fixed assets 
Investments 

Current assets 
Debtors - due within one year 
Debtors - due after one year 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets 

Net assets 

Notes 

3 

4 
4 
5 

As at  
31 March 
2011 
£ 

As at  
31 March 
2010 
£ 

1,117,336 

1,117,336 

103,593 
10,143,754 
7,508,925 
17,756,272 

115,980 
5,285,050 
6,979,011 
12,380,041 

18,873,608 

13,497,377 

Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year 

6 

(2,900,418) 

- 

Total net assets 

15,973,190 

13,497,377 

Capital and reserves 
Share capital 
Share premium reserve 
Warrant reserve 
Retained earnings 
Equity shareholders’ funds 

8 
9 
9 
9 
10 

4,812,036 
16,909,650 
115,980 
(5,864,476) 
15,973,190 

4,723,601 
14,527,277 
115,980 
(5,869,481) 
13,497,377 

These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board on 17 June 2011. 
The notes on pages 48 to 51 form part of these parent company financial statements. 

Stephen Moon  
Director  

Ian Ford 
Director 

On behalf of the Board of Provexis plc 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the parent company financial statements 

1. Accounting policies 
The  parent  company  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  under  the  historical  cost  convention  and  in 
accordance with UK GAAP.  

Share-based employee remuneration 
The Company has no employees however the Company will issue shares to satisfy share awards made by 
its  subsidiary  companies.  The  Company  records  a  management  charge  equivalent  to  the  fair  value  of  the 
share-based payment incurred by its subsidiaries as disclosed in note 9 on page 51. 

Taxation 
Current tax, including UK  corporation tax is  provided at amounts expected  to be  paid (or recovered)  using 
the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. 

Deferred  tax  balances  are  recognised  in  respect  of  all  timing  differences  that  have  originated  but  not 
reversed by the balance sheet date, except that the recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent 
that  the  Company  anticipates  making  sufficient  taxable  profits  in  the  future  to  absorb  the  reversal  of  the 
underlying timing differences. Deferred tax balances are not discounted. 

Valuation of investments 
Investments are stated at cost less any provision for impairment. Profits or losses arising from disposals of 
fixed asset investments are treated as part of the result from ordinary activities. 

Warrants 
The Group has issued warrants to Evolution Securities Limited as part of the Equity Financing Facility. These 
are considered to be outside the scope of share-based employee remuneration, and hence out of the scope 
of  FRS20.  These  warrants  have  been  measured  at  fair  value  at  the  date  of  grant  using  an  appropriate 
options  pricing  model.  This  fair  value  has  been  held  on  the  balance  sheet  within  prepayments  and  in  the 
warrants  reserve  within  equity.  The  prepayment  will  be  released  against  share  premium  as  the  equity 
financing facility is utilised. The warrants reserve will be released to share premium when the warrants are 
exercised.  If the warrants lapse then the reserve is transferred to retained earnings. 

2. Profit attributable to shareholders 
As permitted by Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 no separate Company profit and loss account has 
been included in these financial statements. The Group loss for the year includes a loss after tax of £64,065 
(2010:  £  Nil)  which  is  dealt  with  in  the  financial  statements  of  the  Company.  The  total  fees  of  the  Group‟s 
auditor, BDO LLP, for services provided are analysed in note 5 to the consolidated financial statements on 
page 32. Total fees for the year were £68,896 (2010: £69,500). 

The parent company did not have any employees in the year and therefore there were no payroll costs or 
pension costs (2010: Nil). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the parent company financial statements continued 

3. Investments 

Cost 
Provision for impairment 
Net book value 

31 March 
2011 
£ 

1,382,919 
(265,583) 
1,117,336 

31 March  
2010 
£ 

1,382,919 
(265,583) 
1,117,336 

At 31 March 2011 the Company owned the following material subsidiary undertakings: 

Share of issued 
ordinary share 
capital, and voting 
rights 

Country of 
incorporation and 
operation 

Business activity 

Provexis Nutrition Limited 

100% 

England and Wales 

Provexis Natural Products Limited 

100% 

England and Wales 

Provexis (IBD) Limited 

75% 

England and Wales 

Functional food, 
medical food and 
dietary supplement 
technologies 
Functional food, 
medical food and 
dietary supplement 
technologies 
Functional food, 
medical food and 
dietary supplement 
technologies 

There are no significant restrictions on the ability of subsidiary undertakings to transfer funds to the parent, 
other than those imposed by the Companies Act 2006. 

4. Debtors 

Debtors falling due within one year 
Prepayments 
Total debtors falling due within one year 

Debtors falling due after one year 
Amounts owed by subsidiaries 
Total debtors falling due after one year 

31 March 
2011 
£ 

103,593 
103,593 

10,143,754 
10,143,754 

 31 March 
2010 
£ 

115,980 
115,980 

5,285,050 
5,285,050 

Total debtors 

10,247,347 

5,401,030 

5. Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash at bank and in hand 

31 March 
2011 
£ 

7,508,925 
7,508,925 

 31 March 
2010 
£ 

6,979,011 
6,979,011 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the parent company financial statements continued 

6. Creditors: amounts falling due after one year 

Creditors falling due after one year 
Amounts owed to subsidiaries 
Total creditors falling due after one year 

7. Deferred tax 

31 March 
2011 
£ 

2,900,418 
2,900,418 

 31 March 
2010 
£ 

- 
- 

Deferred  tax  assets  amounting  to  £227,205  (2010:  £153,128)  have  not  been  recognised  on  the  basis  that 
their future economic benefit is not certain.  

8. Share capital 

Allotted, called up and fully paid 

At 31 March 2010 
Issued on subscription 
At 31 March 2011 

At 31 March 2010 
Issued on subscription 
At 31 March 2011 

Allotted, called up and fully paid 

At 31 March 2009 
Issued on exercise of share options 
Issued on subscription 
Issued on open offer 
At 31 March 2010 

At 31 March 2009 
Issued on exercise of share options 
Issued on subscription 
Issued on open offer 
At 31 March 2010 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
number 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
number 

Total 

number 

1,108,081,929 
88,435,000 
1,196,516,929 

401,724,366 
- 
401,724,366 

1,509,806,295 
88,435,000 
1,598,241,295 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
£ 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
£ 

1,108,082 
88,435 
1,196,517 

3,615,519 
- 
3,615,529 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
number 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
Number 

Total 

£ 

4,723,601 
88,435 
4,812,036 

Total 

number 

819,387,796 
3,482,469 
200,000,000 
85,211,664 
1,108,081,929 

401,724,366 
- 
- 
- 
401,724,366 

1,221,112,162 
3,482,469 
200,000,000 
85,211,664 
1,509,806,295 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
£ 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
£ 

819,388 
3,482 
200,000 
85,212 
1,108,082 

3,615,519 
- 
- 
- 
3,615,519 

Total 

£ 

4,434,907 
3,482 
200,000 
85,212 
4,723,601 

Details  of  the  share  subscriptions,  share  placings,  and  the  shares  issued  by  the  Company  during  the  two 
years ended 31 March 2011 are given in note 17 to the consolidated financial statements on pages 40 to 42. 

Details on the share option scheme and share based payment charge for the year are given in note 18 to the 
consolidated financial statements on page 44. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the parent company financial statements continued 

9. Reserves 

Share 
premium 
reserve 
£ 

Warrant 
reserve 

Retained 
earnings 

£ 

£ 

At 1 April 2010 
Retained loss for the year 
Share-based charges 
Reduction of premium – subscription under EFF 
Shares issued during the year - subscription under EFF 
At 31 March 2011 

14,527,277 
- 
- 
(12,386) 
2,394,759 
16,909,650 

115,980 
- 
- 
- 
- 
115,980 

(5,869,481) 
(64,065) 
69,070 
- 
- 
(5,864,476) 

10. Shareholders’ funds 
Reconciliation of movement in shareholders‟ funds. 

Loss for year 
Share-based payment charge (note 18 – page 44) 
Shares issued during the year 
Premium on shares issued 
Reduction of premium on share issue 
Warrants issued during the year - equity financing facility 
Net additions to shareholders‟ funds 
Opening shareholders‟ funds 
Closing shareholders‟ funds 

31 March  
2011 
£ 

31 March  
2010 
£ 

(64,065) 
69,070 
88,435 
2,394,759 
(12,386) 
- 
2,475,813 
13,497,377 
15,973,190 

- 
225,909 
288,694 
6,547,719 
- 
115,980 
7,178,302 
6,319,075 
13,497,377 

11. Related party transactions 
The Company has taken advantage of the exemption conferred by Financial Reporting Standard 8 “Related 
party disclosures” not to disclose transactions with 100% owned members of the Group headed Provexis plc 
on  the  grounds  that  100%  of  the  voting  rights  of  the  Company  are  controlled  within  that  Group  and  the 
Company is included in the consolidated financial statements. 

Provexis  (IBD)  Limited  is  75%  owned  by  Provexis  plc  and  25%  owned  by  Ulive  Enterprises  Limited.  Ulive 
Enterprises Limited is 75% owned by The University of Liverpool. 

Provexis  plc  wholly  owns  Provexis  Nutrition  Limited  and  Provexis  Natural  Products  Limited.  Provexis 
Nutrition  Limited,  Provexis  Natural  Products  Limited  and  Provexis  (IBD)  Limited  are  under  the  common 
control of Provexis plc. 

The Company did not trade with Provexis (IBD) Limited during the year ended 31 March 2011 (2010: Nil). At 
31 March 2011 the Company was owed £5,509 by Provexis (IBD) Limited (31 March 2010: owed £5,509). 

Provexis  (IBD)  Limited  does  not  have  a  bank  account,  and  all  its  cash  accounting  transactions  during  the 
year were processed by Provexis plc, and Provexis Natural Products Limited (“Provexis group companies”). 
Amounts  transacted  by  Provexis  (IBD)  Limited  with  Provexis  group  companies  are  charged  through  inter 
company accounts and the net amount transacted during the year was £545,838 (2010: £380,094). Provexis 
(IBD)  Limited  owed  Provexis  group  companies  a  total  of  £1,426,593  at  31  March  2011  (31  March  2010: 
owed £880,755). 

Details of a related party transaction with DSM are given in note 22 to the consolidated financial statements 
on page 46. 

12. Post balance sheet events 
Details  of  post  balance  sheet  events  are  given  in  note  23  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements  on 
page 46. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company information 

Company number 

05102907 

Directors 

Audit committee 

Remuneration committee 

Registrars 

Secretary and registered office 

C D Buck 
N C Bain 
K Rietveld 
S N Moon 
S N Morrison 
I Ford 

N C Bain 
C D Buck 

C D Buck 
N C Bain 
K Rietveld 

Equiniti Limited 
Aspect House 
Spencer Road 
Lancing 
West Sussex BN99 6DA 

I Ford 
Thames Court 
1 Victoria Street 
Windsor 
Berkshire SL4 1YB 

Nominated adviser and broker  

Evolution Securities Limited 
100 Wood Street 
London EC2V 7AN 

Principal solicitors 

Auditors 

Shoosmiths 
Apex Plaza 
Forbury Road 
Reading 
Berkshire RG1 1SH 

BDO LLP 
Kings Wharf 
20–30 Kings Road 
Reading 
Berkshire RG1 3EX 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2011   

52