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FY2014 Annual Report · Pyxis Tankers
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Provexis plc 

Annual report and accounts 2014 

Company number 05102907 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contents 

1 
2 
3 
5 
12 
16 
19 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
55 
56 
60 

About Provexis 
Key highlights 
Chairman’s statement 
Strategic report 
Directors’ report 
Remuneration report 
Independent auditor’s report 
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 
Consolidated statement of financial position 
Consolidated statement of cash flows 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 
Parent company balance sheet 
Notes to the parent company financial statements 
Company information 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
About Provexis 

Provexis Limited was founded in 1999 to commercialise the Fruitflow® anti-thrombotic technology discovered 
at the Rowett Research Institute by Professor Asim Dutta Roy. 

Provexis plc was listed on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) in 2005. 

Fruitflow® is a patented natural extract from tomatoes which has been shown in human trials to reduce the 
propensity for aberrant blood clotting, typically associated with cardiovascular disease, which can lead to heart 
attack  and  stroke.  The  extract  is  available  in  two  formats,  a  syrup  and  a  spray-dried  powder  and  can  be 
included in a broad range of food, beverage and dietary supplement formats. 

In May 2009, the company’s Fruitflow® technology was the first to be substantiated by the European Food 
Safety Authority (“EFSA”) under the new Article 13(5) for proprietary and emerging science. In December 2009 
the  European  Commission  authorised  the  health  claim  “Helps  maintain  normal  platelet  aggregation,  which 
contributes to healthy blood flow”, which was the first wording to be authorised under Article 13(5). 

In June 2010 it was announced that the company had entered into a long-term Alliance Agreement with DSM 
Nutritional Products to commercialise Fruitflow®, through sales as an ingredient to brand owners in the food, 
beverage  and  dietary  supplement  categories.  The  Alliance  is  seeing  the  partners  collaborate  to  develop 
Fruitflow® in all major global markets, through an effective commercialisation of current formats and pioneering 
new  and  significant  applications.  DSM  is  responsible  for:  manufacturing;  marketing;  and  selling  via  its 
substantial sales force. Provexis is responsible for contributing scientific expertise necessary for successful 
commercialisation, and for maintaining and strengthening the breadth and duration of its patent and trade mark 
coverage  for  Fruitflow®,  seeking  to  maximise  the  commercial  returns  that  can  be  achieved  from  the 
technology.  Profits from the Alliance  are being shared by  the parties on an  agreed  basis, linked to  various 
performance milestones. 

Fruitflow® was launched in Europe in November 2010 at the Health Ingredients Europe Conference in Madrid, 
where it was awarded the overall award for ‘Most Innovative Health Ingredient’ and won the best innovation in 
the ‘Heart Health’ category. The US trade launch was at the Natural Products Expo West in Anaheim in March 
2011. In 2012 Fruitflow® was named one of the most innovative products of the year at the Food Ingredients 
South America trade show. 

Fruitflow® in powder format was officially launched by DSM at the Vitafoods exhibition in Geneva in May 2013. 
The powder version is suitable for use in a wide range of products including soft gels, capsules, tablets and 
stick packs, enabling manufacturers to target a broader consumer base. 

Specialising in functional food and dietary supplements, Provexis has a clear commercial focus to deliver viable 
products and scientific intellectual property from the laboratory through to revenue stream. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key highlights 

Key highlights 

  Demerger  of  Science  in  Sport,  delivering  an  initial  25%  return  on  Provexis’  original  investment,  with 

shareholders receiving underlying one SiS share for each Provexis share 

  Restructuring of Company resulting in a low overhead licensing business model  

  Over 27 regional consumer healthcare brands containing  Fruitflow® have now  been  launched  by DSM 

customers 

  An increasing number of further commercial projects have been initiated by the Company’s Alliance partner 
DSM  with  prospective  customers,  with  good  prospects  for  these  projects  to  be  launched  as  consumer 
products; interest in the technology exists in all major global markets 

  Fruitflow® powder for tablets, gel capsules and dietary supplements commercially launched by DSM and 

manufacturing plant in place 

  Revenues from profit sharing Alliance for the period £4k (2013: £37k) largely due to high scale-up costs in 

the initial powder manufacturing setup phase, which are now at an end 

  Cash £515k (2013: £617k) following fundraising of £287k using Equity Financing Facility  in September 

2013 

  Further fundraising of £45k using Equity Financing Facility in April 2014 

  Revenues from continuing operations £4k (2013: £37k). 

Key financial results 

  Underlying operating loss from continuing operations* reduced to £0.58m (2013: £1.17m); 

  Statutory operating loss from continuing operations £1.02m (2013: £4.27m); statutory profit attributable to 
owners of the parent £0.49m (2013: loss of £4.34m). These results are after charging £Nil (2013: £2.78m) 
of non-cash amortisation and impairment charges, £Nil (2013: £0.14m) of restructuring costs and a £0.39m 
(2013: £0.18m) non-cash share based payment charge. 

  Cash balance at 31 March 2014 £0.51m (2013: £0.62m). 

  Basic loss per share from continuing operations 0.06p (2013: 0.27p). 

*before impairment and amortisation of intangible assets, share based payments and exceptional costs of £0.44m (2013: £3.10m), 
as set out on the face of the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman’s statement 

The past year has seen substantial change and progress across the Group. During the year the Science in 
Sport business was demerged from Provexis, delivering an initial 25% return on the original acquisition price, 
and the cost base of the legacy Provexis business was significantly reduced. The Company’s Alliance partner 
DSM  Nutritional  Products  has  continued  to  develop  the  market  actively  for  the  Company’s  novel,  patented 
Fruitflow® heart-health ingredient in all global markets. 

During  the  first  half  of  the year  the  Company  substantially  reduced  the  running  costs  of  the  business.  The 
Aberdeen R&D facility was closed in April 2013 with a resulting reduction in full time staff costs; the Company 
has retained the services of its key R&D officer in a consultancy role. 

In August 2013 the demerger of the Company’s Science in Sport business became effective, which lead to 
further considerable cost savings for the Group, particularly in respect of staff and other central administrative 
expenditure. 

The actions taken in 2013 were as envisaged reflected in a 51% reduction in underlying operating loss from 
continuing operations for the year, which fell to £0.58m. 

We used our equity financing facility to drawdown £287k in September 2013 to bolster the Company’s cash 
reserves, with a further £45k drawdown in April 2014 to strengthen the balance sheet further, and help fund 
the Company’s patent and trade mark costs for Fruitflow®. 

Fruitflow® 
The Company’s Alliance partner DSM Nutritional Products has continued to make good progress marketing 
Fruitflow®,  with  10  new  consumer  brands  having  been  launched  in  the  year.  Over  27  regional  consumer 
brands worldwide containing our novel, patented technology have been launched since the Alliance Agreement 
was signed in 2010. 

An increasing number of further commercial projects have been initiated by DSM with prospective customers, 
with good prospects for these projects to be launched as consumer products. Interest in the technology exists 
in all major global markets. 

The powder format of Fruitflow® was officially launched by DSM at Vitafoods in May 2013. The format has 
broad potential applications in tablet, gel capsule and dietary supplement products, and interest from potential 
customers for this format remains strong. 

The Company’s long-term Alliance Agreement with DSM Nutritional Products for Fruitflow® includes a financial 
model which is based upon the division of profits between the two partners on an agreed basis, linked to certain 
revenue targets, following the deduction of the cost of goods and a fixed level of overhead from sales. 

DSM  has  invested  substantial  resource  into  establishing  a  commercial  scale  supply  chain  for  powder 
manufacturing and cost of goods has been high in this start-up phase, on a low volume base, which is typical 
for a new ingredient launch. DSM’s manufacturing and technical teams have been highly focused on reducing 
Fruitflow® production costs and as manufacturing volume increases unit costs will decrease, enabling more 
positive margins and thus profit distributions to Provexis. 

The  initial  powder  manufacturing  setup  phase  for  Fruitflow®  has  now  been  concluded,  and  a  reduction  in 
Fruitflow® powder production costs was realised towards the close of the quarter ended 30 June 2014. 

We  collaborated  with  DSM  at  the  start  of  the  financial  year  to  complete  a  substantial  piece  of  consumer 
research to understand more fully consumer attitudes to Fruitflow® and blood flow, in order to support potential 
customers in understanding the key success factors for any new brand launches. The DSM marketing and 
sales teams are using the findings from this research to assist their customers with potential brand positioning. 
DSM has also been able to assist the Company in the development of its web site. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chairman’s statement 

Intellectual property 
The Company is responsible for filing and maintaining patents and trade marks for Fruitflow® as part of the 
Alliance Agreement with DSM. We are pursuing a strategy to strengthen the breadth and duration of our patent 
coverage to maximise the commercial returns that can be achieved from the technology. Trade marks were 
originally registered in the larger global territories, and new registrations are typically now sought in additional 
territories in response to requests from current or prospective DSM customers for Fruitflow®. 

In December 2013 British and international patent applications were filed for the use of Fruitflow® in mitigating 
exercise-induced inflammation and for promoting recovery from intense exercise, seeking to enhance further 
the potential of the technology in the sports nutrition sector. 

Trade marks for Fruitflow® have been registered in the EU, US, China, Japan and a further six international 
territories,  and  trade  marks  have  been  applied  for  in  a  further  thirteen  territories  to  support  existing  and 
forthcoming consumer brands across all major global markets. 

People 
I would like to thank the executive team and our staff and advisors for their high levels of commitment and 
professionalism throughout the year. 

Outlook 
While DSM’s high scale-up related costs of powder manufacturing reduced our share of profits in the year, it 
is pleasing to note that a reduction in production costs for Fruitflow® powder was realised after the close of 
the financial year. Having capacity in place for the powder format is a strategically important milestone, and 
we continue to work closely with DSM to explore all avenues for growing revenues for our novel technology.  

The  number  of  international  brands  containing  Fruitflow®  continues  to  steadily  increase,  with  a  further  10 
consumer  brands  launched  in  the  year.  Over  27  regional  consumer  brands  worldwide  have  now  been 
launched,  and  an  increasing  number  of  further  commercial  projects  have  been  initiated  with  prospective 
customers. 

With DSM making good progress in the marketplace it remains our belief that products addressing blood flow 
and circulation issues represent a long-term opportunity in the functional food sector. With the Company’s very 
low operational costs we are well positioned to drive value for shareholders, and we remain positive about the 
outlook for the Fruitflow® business. 

Dawson Buck 
Chairman 
20 August 2014 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic report 

The strategic report should be read in conjunction with the Chairman’s statement on pages 3 to 4, the Group’s 
financial statements and the Notes to the Group’s financial statements set out on pages 21 to 54. 

The  Group  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards,  International  Accounting  Standards  and  Interpretations  (collectively  IFRS)  issued  by  the 
International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) as adopted by the European Union (“adopted IFRS”) and 
those parts of the Companies Act 2006 that are applicable to financial statements prepared in accordance with 
IFRS. 

The  Company  has  elected  to  prepare  its  parent  company  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  United 
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (“UK GAAP”), and these are set out on pages 55 to 59. 

Group strategy 
The Group strategy has historically focused on the discovery, development and commercialisation of functional 
foods, medical foods and dietary supplements, and in particular the Group’s Fruitflow® technology. 

On 1 June 2010 the Company announced that it had entered into a long term Alliance Agreement with DSM 
Nutritional Products to commercialise Fruitflow®, through sales as an ingredient to brand owners in the food, 
beverage and dietary supplement categories. 

The establishment of the Alliance Agreement was a significant milestone in the history of the Company. The 
Alliance  is  seeing  the  partners  collaborate  to  develop  Fruitflow®  in  all  major  global  markets,  through  an 
effective  commercialisation  of  current  formats  and  pioneering  new  and  significant  applications.  DSM  is 
responsible for: manufacturing; marketing; and selling via its substantial sales force. Provexis is responsible 
for  contributing  scientific  expertise  necessary  for  successful  commercialisation,  and  for  maintaining  and 
strengthening  the  breadth  and  duration  of  its  patent  and  trade  mark  coverage  for  Fruitflow®,  seeking  to 
maximise the commercial returns that can be achieved from the technology. Profits from the Alliance are being 
shared by the parties on an agreed basis, linked to various performance milestones. 

The  directors  believed  at  the  time  of  signing  the  Alliance  Agreement,  and  still  retain  the  belief,  that  the 
commercialisation of Fruitflow® is best undertaken in conjunction with DSM as it enables Provexis to leverage 
the resources and relationships of DSM in the major global markets. 

In June 2011 the Group acquired SiS (Science in Sport) Limited, a sports nutrition business focused on the 
SiS brand of endurance sports nutrition products., which gave the Group two operating segments, the existing 
Fruitflow® business and SiS (Science in Sport) Limited. 

Following  a  strategic  review  the  Board  concluded  in  June  2013  that  a  demerger  of  SiS  (Science  in  Sport) 
Limited to a new AIM listed company called Science in Sport plc would be in the best interests of shareholders, 
as more fully detailed in a circular to shareholders and admission to trading on AIM document for Science in 
Sport  plc  which  were  issued on 28 June  2013. Copies of the circular and the admission to trading on AIM 
document can be downloaded from Provexis plc’s website www.provexis.com. 

Pursuant to the terms of the demerger agreement Science in Sport plc allotted and issued to the holders of 
ordinary shares in the capital of Provexis plc 15,188,000 ordinary shares of 10 pence each in consideration of 
the transfer to Science in Sport plc by Provexis plc of the whole of the issued share capital of SiS (Science in 
Sport) Limited. Science in Sport plc was admitted to the AIM segment of the London Stock Exchangeʼs market 
for listed securities as from 9 August 2013. 

At the date of the demerger, Science in Sport plc acquired the entire issued share capital of SiS (Science in 
Sport) Limited in return for issuing shares to the shareholders of Provexis plc. 

These transactions resulted in the demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited from the Group. 

Following the demerger the Group’s strategic priority is to focus on developing revenues from the Fruitflow® 
business together with the Group’s Alliance partner DSM, whilst also managing the relationship with DSM. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic report 

Group strategy (continued) 
The  Group  also  seeks  to  ensure  that  it  fulfils  its  responsibilities  under  the  Alliance  Agreement  to  include 
protecting  the  intellectual  property  of  Fruitflow®  and  assisting  DSM  with  scientific  work  required  to  further 
commercialise the technology. At the same time, the Board remains committed to keeping regular and fixed 
costs restricted to an appropriate level, thereby maximising the Group’s profit potential. 

The Group continues to maintain the Crohn’s disease intellectual property registered in Provexis (IBD) Limited, 
and  continues  to  seek  a  purchaser  for  the  intellectual  property  as  part  of  the  completion  of  the  R&D 
rationalisation phase. 

Market opportunity 
Fruitflow® is a patented natural extract from tomatoes which has been shown in human trials to reduce the 
propensity for aberrant blood clotting, typically associated with cardiovascular disease, which can lead to heart 
attack  and  stroke.  The  extract  is  available  in  two  formats,  a  syrup  and  a  spray-dried  powder  and  can  be 
included in a broad range of food, beverage and dietary supplement formats. 

In May 2009, the company’s Fruitflow® technology was the first to be substantiated by the European Food 
Safety Authority (“EFSA”) under the new Article 13(5) for proprietary and emerging science. In December 2009 
the  European  Commission  authorised  the  health  claim  “Helps  maintain  normal  platelet  aggregation,  which 
contributes to healthy blood flow”, which was the first wording to be authorised under Article 13(5). 

The global functional food market is estimated to be in excess of $170 billion per year, and the global market 
for cardiovascular disease, to include dietary supplements, is estimated to be in excess of $10 billion per year. 
Global awareness of heart health is increasing and a rising number of people are taking a proactive approach 
to  improving  heart  health.  The  directors  believe  that  products  addressing  blood  flow  and  circulation  issues 
continue to represent a long-term opportunity in the expanding cardiovascular sector. 

Financial review 
SiS (Science in Sport) Limited represented a separate major line of business for the Group under the definitions 
within IFRS 5, hence the results of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited up to the date of the demerger are shown 
as discontinued in these financial statements. Prior year comparatives have been restated as necessary. 

The financial review has been prepared on the basis of Group’s continuing operations, as further detailed in 
the consolidated statement of comprehensive income on page 21. 

Revenue 
Revenue from the profit sharing Alliance for Fruitflow® for the year ended 31 March 2014 was £3,967 (2013: 
£37,351). 

The Company’s long-term Alliance Agreement with DSM Nutritional Products for Fruitflow® includes a financial 
model which is based upon the division of profits between the two partners on an agreed basis, linked to certain 
revenue targets, following the deduction of the cost of goods and a fixed level of overhead from sales. 

The reduction in revenue accruing to the Company for the year is primarily due to the high scale-up costs of 
the initial powder manufacturing setup phase for Fruitflow®, which increased the cost of goods and reduced 
the gross margin, despite an increase in the overall sales of Fruitflow®. DSM’s manufacturing and technical 
teams remain highly focused on reducing Fruitflow® production costs, and as manufacturing volume increases 
unit  costs  will  decrease,  enabling  more  positive  margins  and  thus  profit  distributions.  The  initial  powder 
manufacturing setup phase for Fruitflow® has now been completed, and a resulting reduction in the  cost of 
goods was achieved during the quarter ended 30 June 2014. 

Underlying operating loss 
Underlying  operating  loss  has  reduced  by  51%  to  £577,961  (2013:  £1,169,267),  reflecting  the  significant 
restructuring conducted between 2012 and 2013, and continued progress with Fruitflow®. 

The  Group  has  chosen  to  report  underlying  operating  loss  as  the  directors  believe  that  the  operating  loss 
before amortisation and impairment of acquired goodwill and other intangible assets, share based payments 
and exceptional items measure provides additional useful information for shareholders on underlying trends 
and performance. A reconciliation of underlying operating loss to statutory operating loss is presented on the 
face of the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. This measure is used for internal performance 
analysis. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic report 

Underlying operating loss (continued) 
The Group’s cost base and its resources have been and will continue to be tightly managed within budgets 
approved and monitored by the Board. 

Research and development costs 
Research  and  development  costs  have  reduced  by  56%  to  £142,985  (2013:  £324,468),  also  reflecting  the 
significant restructuring conducted between 2012 and 2013. 

Restructuring costs 
Restructuring costs of £Nil (2013: £135,787) were incurred during the year. The prior year’s costs primarily 
related to staff reductions and all the costs of closing the Group’s facility at the University of Aberdeen, as the 
Group sought to reduce its cost base. 

Taxation 
A current tax credit of £15,823 (2013: £83,087), primarily in respect of research and development tax credits 
has been recognised in the financial statements. Tax credit claims totalling £220,717 were paid to the Group 
during the year in respect of research and development expenditure for the two years ended 31 March 2013. 

Results and dividends 
The profit attributable to equity holders of the parent for the year ended 31 March 2014, including discontinued 
operations, was £488,353 (2013: loss of £4,338,600) and the basic profit per share was 0.03p (2013: loss of 
0.29p). The profit attributable to equity holders of the parent for the year ended 31 March 2014 included a profit 
from  discontinued  operations  of  £1,434,983  (2013:  loss  of  £221,364)  in  respect  of  SiS  (Science  in  Sport) 
Limited, which was demerged from the Group in August 2013. The profit from discontinued operations in the 
year ended 31 March 2014 includes the profit arising from the demerger itself, as further detailed in note 10. 

The directors are unable to recommend the payment of a dividend (2013: £Nil). 

Capital structure and funding 
Prior to the demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited in August 2013, Provexis plc converted £448,163 of an 
intercompany debt from SiS (Science in Sport) Limited into equity by way of a capital contribution. 

In  August  2013,  following  the  completion  of  the  demerger,  SiS  (Science  in  Sport)  Limited  made  payments 
amounting to £290,000 to Provexis to settle the remaining outstanding intercompany debt. 

On 11 September 2013 the Company announced that it had raised a net £286,750 by drawing down on the 
Company’s equity financing facility (the “EFF”) which was  arranged by Darwin Strategic Limited (“Darwin”), 
allotting 31,000,000 new ordinary shares of 0.1p each to Darwin. 

On 19 November 2013 the Company announced that application had been made for the admission to AIM of 
1,750,000  ordinary  shares  of  0.1p  each  in  the  Company,  pursuant  to  the  exercise  of  options  by  former 
employees. The Company received net proceeds of £15,750 in respect of this transaction. 

On 23 April 2014 the Company announced that it had raised a net £45,403 by drawing down on the Company’s 
EFF, allotting 7,000,000 new ordinary shares of 0.1p each to Darwin. 

Further details of the EFF agreement and the drawdowns made using the EFF are available to download from 
the announcements section of the Company’s website www.provexis.com. 

Going concern 
The Group’s business activities together with the factors likely to affect its future development, and the financial 
position of the Group, its cash flows and liquidity position are set out in the strategic report on pages 5 to 11. 
In  addition  note  2  to  the  financial  statements  includes  the  Group’s  objectives,  policies  and  processes  for 
managing  its  capital;  its  financial  risk  management  objectives;  details  of  its  financial  instruments  and  its 
exposure to credit and liquidity risk. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic report 

Going concern (continued) 
The Group made a loss for the year from continuing operations of £998,264 (2013: £4,170,342) and expects 
to make a further loss during the year ending 31 March 2015. The total cash outflow from continuing operations 
in  the  year  was  £252,948  (2013:  £287,931).  At  31  March  2014  the  Group  had  cash  balances  of  £514,827 
(2013: £616,612). 

The directors have prepared projected cash flow information for a period of more than twelve months from the 
date  of  approval  of  these  financial  statements  and  have  reviewed  this  information  as  at  the  date  of  these 
financial statements. The directors have also considered this issue in light of the significant reduction in net 
assets following the demerger of the SiS (Science in Sport) Limited business. 

The Group has access to future equity financings, either through the Group’s existing equity drawdown facility 
with Darwin or through an equity fundraising with the Company’s shareholders, as potential additional sources 
of funding. 

Based on the level of existing cash, projected income and expenditure, and excluding the potential additional 
sources of funding, the directors are satisfied that the Company and the Group have adequate resources to 
continue in business for the foreseeable future. 

Accordingly the going concern basis has been used in preparing the financial statements. 

Key performance indicators 
The principal financial KPIs monitored by the Board relate to underlying operating profit/(loss) and cash and 
cash equivalents. 

The table below shows the Group’s  underlying operating  loss  from continuing operations  for the two  years 
ended 31 March 2014: 

Underlying operating loss 

Year ended 
31 March  
2014 

£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2013 
restated 
£ 

577,961 

1,169,267 

The £591,306 reduction in underlying operating loss in 2014 was primarily attributable to a reduction in central 
administrative costs of £443,207, along with a further £181,483 reduction in R&D costs. The trading results 
are further detailed in the strategic report on pages 5 to 11. 

The table below shows the Group’s cash position at 31 March 2014 and 31 March 2013: 

Cash and cash equivalents 

31 March  
2014 
£ 

31 March 
2013 
£ 

514,827 

616,612 

The monitoring of cash gives due consideration to anticipated future spend required to prioritise development 
opportunities and to plan the resources required to achieve the goals of the business. The £101,785 reduction 
in cash and cash equivalents during the financial year is primarily  the result of the operating cash outflows 
arising during the year, as further detailed in the consolidated statement of cash flows on page 23. 

At this stage in the Group’s development, the Board does not consider it appropriate to establish an internal 
audit function. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic report 

Principal risks and uncertainties 
In the course of its normal business the Group is exposed to a range of risks and uncertainties which could 
impact  on  the  results  of  the  Group.  The  Board  considers  that  risk-management  is  an  integral  part  of  good 
business process and, on a bi-annual basis, reviews the industry, operational and financial risks facing the 
Group and considers the adequacy of the controls and mitigants to manage the risks. 

The directors have identified the following principal risks and uncertainties that could have the most significant 
impact on the Group’s long-term value generation. 

Funding and other risks 
Provexis  has  experienced  operating  losses  from  continuing  operations  in  each  year  since  its  inception. 
Accordingly  until  Provexis  has  sufficient  commercial  success  with  Fruitflow®  to  be  cash  generative  it  will 
continue  to  rely  on  its  existing  cash  resources  and  further  funding  rounds  to  continue  its  activities.  While 
Provexis aims to generate licensing revenues from Fruitflow®, there is no certainty that such revenues will be 
generated. Furthermore, the amount and timing of revenues from Fruitflow® is uncertain and will depend on 
numerous factors, most of which are outside Provexis’ control due to the terms of the Alliance Agreement. It 
is therefore difficult for the directors to predict with accuracy the timing and amount of any further capital that 
may be required by the Provexis Group. 

Factors that could increase Provexis’ funding requirements include, but are not limited to: higher operational 
costs;  slower  progress  than  expected  in  DSM  attracting  customers  to  purchase  Fruitflow®;  unexpected 
opportunities to develop additional products or acquire additional technologies, products or businesses; and 
costs incurred in relation to the protection of Provexis’ intellectual property. 

Any  additional share  issues may have a  dilutive effect on Provexis Shareholders. Further, there can  be no 
guarantee or assurance that additional equity funding will be forthcoming when required, nor as to the terms 
and price on which such funds would be available, nor that such funds, if raised, would be sufficient to enable 
Provexis to meet its working capital requirements. 

Early stage of operations 
Whilst the Provexis Group has generated small levels of profit share revenue from  Fruitflow®, Fruitflow® is 
still at an early stage of its commercial development. There are a number of operational, strategic and financial 
risks  associated  with  early  stage  companies  and  products.  The  Provexis  Group  faces  risks  frequently 
encountered by early stage and pre-revenue companies looking to commercialise new (food) technology. In 
particular, the future growth and prospects of Provexis will be heavily dependent on its alliance partner, DSM, 
in securing product sales on appropriate terms and to attract customers who can produce products that will 
maximise the revenue potential of Fruitflow®. 

Provexis  is  heavily  dependent  on  DSM  in  marketing  and  selling  Fruitflow®  to  achieve  market  acceptance, 
market penetration and, ultimately, sales of products that contain Fruitflow® in sufficient commercial volumes. 

The  development  of  Provexis’  revenues  is  difficult  to  predict  and  there  is  no  guarantee  that  Provexis  will 
generate  increasing  revenues  in  the  foreseeable  future.  Further  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  Provexis’ 
proposed operations will be profitable or produce a reasonable return on investment. 

Commercialisation 
Due  to  the  terms  of  the  Alliance  Agreement,  Provexis  is  solely  dependent  on  DSM  in  respect  of  the 
development, production, marketing and commercialisation of Fruitflow®. Fruitflow® is solely reliant on DSM 
under the terms of the Alliance Agreement for its commercialisation. 

Provexis’ long-term success is fully dependent on the ability of DSM to sell Fruitflow®. Provexis’ negotiating 
position with DSM if they choose to vary the Alliance Agreement may be affected by its size and limited cash 
resources relative to DSM who have substantial cash resources and established levels of commercial success. 
An inability to enter into any discussions with DSM on equal terms could lead to reduced revenue from the 
Alliance Agreement and this may have a significant adverse effect on Provexis’ business, financial condition 
and results. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic report 

Principal risks and uncertainties (continued) 
Commercialisation (continued) 
The loss of, or changes affecting, Provexis’ relationships with DSM could adversely affect Provexis’ results or 
operations as Provexis has limited input on the sales strategies of Fruitflow® adopted by DSM. Furthermore, 
although Provexis has sought to include performance obligations on DSM in the Alliance Agreement, there is 
a risk that DSM may reprioritise Fruitflow® within their product portfolio resulting in Provexis achieving sales 
below that which it expects. Any such situation may have a material and adverse effect on Provexis’ business, 
financial condition and results of operations. 

Profitability depends on the success and market acceptance of Fruitflow® 
The success of Provexis will depend on the market’s acceptance and valuing of Fruitflow® and there can be 
no  guarantee  that  this  acceptance  will  be  forthcoming  or  that  Provexis’  technologies  will  succeed.  The 
development of a market for Fruitflow® will be affected by many factors, some of which are beyond Provexis’ 
control, including the emergence of newer, more successful food IP and products and the cost of Fruitflow®. 
Notwithstanding the  health claims made in respect of Fruitflow®, there can  be  no guarantee that  Provexis’ 
targeted customer base for the product will purchase or continue to purchase the product. If a market fails to 
develop or develops more slowly than anticipated, Provexis may be unable to recover the losses it may have 
incurred in the development of Fruitflow® and may never achieve profitability. 

Limited product offering 
Provexis has only have one product, Fruitflow®, and any problems with the commercial success of Fruitflow® 
will  impact  the  financial  performance  of  Provexis.  Provexis  does  not  have  sufficient  funds  to  develop  new 
functional food technology or alternative product versions of Fruitflow®. 

Intellectual property protection 
Provexis is heavily dependent on its intellectual property and, in particular, its patents. No assurance can be 
given that any pending patent applications or any future patent applications will result in granted patents, that 
any patents will be granted on a timely basis, that the scope of any copyright or patent protection will exclude 
competitors or provide competitive advantages to Provexis, that any of Provexis’ patents will be held valid if 
challenged,  or  that  third  parties  will  not  claim  rights  in  or  ownership  of  the  copyright,  patents  and  other 
proprietary rights held by Provexis. 

Further,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  others  have  not  developed  or  will  not  develop  similar  products, 
duplicate any of Provexis’ products or design around any patents held by Provexis. Others may hold or receive 
patents  which  contain  claims  having  a  scope  that  covers  products  developed  by  Provexis  (whether  or  not 
patents are issued to Provexis). 

Provexis may rely on patents to protect its assets. These rights act only to prevent a competitor copying and 
not  to  prevent  a  competitor  from  independently  developing  products  that  perform  the  same  functions.  No 
assurance can be given that others will not independently develop or otherwise acquire substantially equivalent 
functional food IP or otherwise gain access to Provexis’ unpatented proprietary technology or disclose such 
technology or that Provexis can ultimately protect meaningful rights to such unpatented technology. 

Once granted, a patent can be challenged both in the patent office and in the courts by third parties. Third 
parties  can  bring  material  and  arguments  which  the  patent  office  granting  the  patent  may  not  have  seen. 
Therefore, issued patents may be found by a court of law or by the patent office to be invalid or unenforceable 
or in need of further restriction. 

A substantial cost may be incurred if Provexis is required to assert its intellectual property rights, including any 
patents  or  trade  marks  against  third  parties.  Litigation  is  costly  and  time  consuming  and  there  can  be  no 
assurance  that  Provexis  will  have,  or  will  be  able  to  devote,  sufficient  resources  to  pursue  such  litigation. 
Potentially unfavourable outcomes in such proceedings could limit Provexis’ intellectual property rights and 
activities. There is no assurance that obligations to maintain Provexis’ know how would not be breached or 
otherwise become known in a manner which provides Provexis with no recourse. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic report 

Principal risks and uncertainties (continued) 
Intellectual property protection (continued) 
Any claims made against Provexis’ intellectual property rights, even without merit, could be time consuming 
and expensive to defend and could have a materially detrimental effect on Provexis’ resources. A third party 
asserting infringement claims against Provexis could require Provexis to cease the infringing activity and/or 
require Provexis to enter into licensing and royalty arrangements. The third party could also take legal action 
which could be costly. In addition, Provexis may be required to develop alternative non-infringing solutions that 
may require significant time and substantial unanticipated resources. There can be no assurance that such 
claims will not have a material adverse effect on Provexis’ business, financial condition or results. 

Future development 
The future development of the Company is discussed in the Chairmanʼs statement on pages 3 to 4. 

Other statutory disclosures 
Directors 
At the end of the financial year Provexis plc had three directors all of whom were male. 

Employees 
At the end of the financial year Provexis plc did not have any senior managers, or employees; the directors 
are  engaged  under  service  contracts  with  the  Company.  The  Company  does  not  discriminate  between 
prospective employees on grounds of age, race, religion or gender. Every effort is made to provide the same 
opportunities to disabled persons as to others. 

The  Board  recognises  its  obligation  to  provide  a  safe  and  healthy  working  environment.  The  Company 
complies with relevant health and safety legislation. 

Information this report does not contain 
As a result of the size and nature of the Companyʼs operations it has not been deemed necessary to provide 
information about: 

  Environmental matters and the impact of the Companyʼs business on the environment. 
  Social, community and human rights issues. 

This strategic report, which has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 
2006, has been approved and signed on behalf of the Board 

Ian Ford 
Secretary 
20 August 2014 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report 

The Company has chosen, in accordance with Section 414 C(ii) of the Companies Act 2006, and as noted in 
this Directorsʼ report, to include certain matters in its strategic report that would otherwise be required to be 
disclosed in this Directorsʼ report. The strategic report can be found on pages 5 to 11. 

Provexis plc is a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in the United Kingdom (registration number 
05102907). The address of the registered office is Prospect House, Queens Road, Reading, Berkshire RG1 
4RP, UK.  Provexis plc has  two  wholly owned subsidiaries, Provexis Nutrition  Limited (“PNL”) and Provexis 
Natural Products Limited (“PNP”) which are registered in England and Wales. Provexis plc also owns 75% of 
Provexis (IBD) Limited (“IBD”) which is also registered in England and Wales. 

Review of the performance of the business and future developments 
The Chairman’s statement on pages 3 to 4 and the strategic report on pages 5 to 11 report on the Companyʼs 
performance during the year ended 31 March 2014, its position at that date and its likely future development. 

Board of Directors 
The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the Group. 

The Board comprises an Executive Chairman, an Executive Finance Director and an additional Non-executive 
Director K Rietveld, a senior employee of DSM. DSM is classified as a related party of the Group in accordance 
with IAS 24 as it holds shares in the Group. 

The  Directors  of  Provexis  (the  "Directors"),  having  consulted  with  Cenkos  Securities  Limited  ("Cenkos 
Securities"), the Company's nominated adviser, consider that the terms of the Fruitflow® Alliance Agreement 
are fair and reasonable insofar as Provexis's shareholders are concerned. In providing advice to the Directors, 
Cenkos Securities has taken into account the Directors' commercial assessments. 

The directors of the Company during the year and up to the date that the financial statements were approved 
are shown below. 

Executive Directors 
C D Buck 
I Ford 
S N Moon (resigned 17 December 2013) 

Non-executive Directors 
K Rietveld 
J M Clarke (resigned 9 August 2013) 

A qualifying third-party indemnity provision as defined in Section 234 of the Companies Act 2006 is in force for 
the  benefit  of  each  of  the  directors  in  respect  of  liabilities  incurred  as  a  result  of  their  office,  to  the  extent 
permitted  by  law.  In  respect  of  those  liabilities  for  which  directors  may  not  be  indemnified,  the  Company 
maintained a directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policy throughout the financial year. 

Going concern 
The directors have a reasonable expectation that the Company will continue in operational existence for the 
foreseeable  future.  For  this  reason,  they  continue  to  adopt  the  going  concern  basis  in  preparing  the 
Companyʼs financial statements. Further detail  with regards to  the consideration of going concern can be 
found in the strategic report on pages 5 to 11. 

Adequacy of information supplied to auditors 
Each  director  has  taken  all  reasonable  steps  to  make  himself  aware  of  any  information  needed  by  the 
Company’s  auditors  for  the  purpose  of  their  audit  and  to  establish  that  the  auditors  are  aware  of  that 
information. The directors are not aware of any relevant audit information of which the auditors are unaware. 

The  auditors,  Chantrey  Vellacott  DFK  LLP,  have  expressed  their  willingness  to  continue  in  office  and  a 
resolution to re-appoint them will be proposed at the next annual general meeting. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

12 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report 

Directors’ responsibilities 
The directors are responsible for preparing the directors’ report and the financial statements in accordance 
with applicable law and regulations.  

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the 
directors  have  elected  to  prepare  the  group  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  International  Financial 
Reporting  Standards  (IFRSs)  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union  and  the  company  financial  statements  in 
accordance  with  United  Kingdom  Generally  Accepted  Accounting  Practice  (United  Kingdom  Accounting 
Standards and applicable law). Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements 
unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the group and company and 
of the profit or loss of the group for that period. The directors are also required to prepare financial statements 
in accordance with the rules of the London Stock Exchange for companies trading securities on the Alternative 
Investment Market. 

In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to: 

 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

  make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

 

 

 

state whether the group financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted 
by  the  European  Union,  subject  to  any  material  departures  disclosed  and  explained  in  the  financial 
statements; 

state whether the company financial statements have been prepared in accordance with applicable UK 
Accounting  Standards,  subject  to  any  material  departures  disclosed  and  explained  in  the  financial 
statements; 

prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the 
company will continue in business. 

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain 
the company’s transactions and disclose  with reasonable accuracy at  any time the financial position of the 
company  and  enable  them  to  ensure  that  the  financial  statements  comply  with  the  requirements  of  the 
Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for 
taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 

Website publication 
The directors are responsible for ensuring the annual report and the financial statements are made available 
on a website. Financial statements are published on the company's website www.provexis.com in accordance 
with legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements, 
which may vary from legislation in other jurisdictions. The maintenance and integrity of the company's website 
is the responsibility of the directors. The directors' responsibility also extends to the ongoing integrity of the 
financial statements contained therein. 

Corporate governance 
The Board of directors of Provexis plc is collectively accountable to the Company’s shareholders for the good 
corporate governance of the Group. Under the AIM Rules for Companies, the Group is not required to comply 
with the UK Corporate Governance Code. However, the Board is aware of best practice as defined by the UK 
Corporate  Governance  Code  and  will  seek  to  adopt  procedures  to  institute  good  governance  insofar  as  is 
practical and appropriate for a public company of its size and nature. 

The Company is subject to the UK City Code on Takeovers and Mergers. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report 

Internal control and risk management 
The  Board  is  responsible  for  maintaining  a  sound  system  of  internal  control  to  safeguard  shareholders’ 
investment and the Group’s assets, as well as reviewing its effectiveness. The system of internal control is 
designed to manage rather than eliminate the risk of failure to achieve business objectives and can only provide 
reasonable and not absolute assurance against material loss and misstatement. 

The Audit Committee continues to monitor and review the effectiveness of the system of internal control and 
report to the Board when appropriate with recommendations. There have been no significant changes to the 
system of internal control throughout the year. 

The key control procedures operating within the Group include, but are not limited to: 

1.  a  comprehensive  system  of  financial  budgeting,  forecasting  and  then  reporting  and  reviewing  actual 

monthly results for the current year against these expectations; 

2.  a  system  of  operational  and  financial  Key  Performance  Indicators  (“KPIs”),  which  are  reviewed  on  a 

monthly basis; 

3.  procedures for appraisal, review and authorisation of capital expenditure; 
4.  properly authorised treasury procedures and banking arrangements; 
regular review of materials and services supply agreements; and 
5. 
regular review of tax, insurance and health and safety matters. 
6. 

Audit Committee 
The  Audit  Committee  comprises  the  Executive  Chairman  Dawson  Buck  and  Krijn  Rietveld,  the  Company’s 
Non-executive Director. The Committee is chaired by Dawson Buck, and it meets as required and specifically 
to consider the suitability and monitor the effectiveness of the internal control processes. The Audit Committee 
reviews  the  findings  of  the  external  auditors  and  reviews  accounting  policies  and  material  accounting 
judgements. 

The independence of the auditors is considered by the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee meets at least 
once per calendar year with the auditors to discuss their objectivity and independence, the Annual Report, any 
audit issues arising, internal control processes and any other appropriate matters. As well as providing audit 
related services, the auditors provide taxation compliance, corporate finance services and iXBRL compliance 
services and  undertake  work in relation to the interim report. The fees in respect of the non-audit services 
provided  are  £22,000  for  the  year  ended  31  March  2014  (2013:  £10,500).  The  Audit  Committee  have 
considered the non-audit fees agreed with Chantrey Vellacott DFK in respect of the demerger and are satisfied 
that that the objectivity and independence of the auditors is safeguarded. 

Environmental, social and community matters 
As noted in the strategic report on pages 5 to 11 given the size and nature of the Companyʼs operations, the 
impact  of  the  Companyʼs  operations  on  the  local  community  and  the  environment  is  not  considered  to  be 
significant. Recycling of office supplies is undertaken where possible. 

Relationship with shareholders 
The directors seek to build a mutual understanding of objectives between the Company and its shareholders. 
The Group reports formally to shareholders in its interim and annual reports setting out details of its activities. 
In addition, the Group keeps shareholders informed of events and progress through the issue of regulatory 
news in accordance with the AIM rules of the London Stock Exchange. The Chairman and Finance Director 
seek  to  consult  with  significant  shareholders  following  interim  and  final  results.  The  Group  also  maintains 
investor relations pages and other information regarding the business, its products and activities on its website 
www.provexis.com. 

Where possible the Annual Report is sent to shareholders at least 20 working days before the Annual General 
Meeting. Directors are required to attend Annual General Meetings of the Company unless unable to do so for 
personal reasons or due to pressing commercial commitments. Shareholders are given the opportunity to vote 
on each separate issue. The Company counts all proxy votes and will indicate the level of proxies lodged on 
each resolution, after it has been dealt with by a show of hands. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ report 

Post balance sheet events 
On 23 April 2014 the Group announced that it had raised net proceeds of £45,403 by drawing down on its 
Equity Financing Facility with Darwin Strategic Limited. 

Under  the  terms  of  the  Equity  Financing  Facility  agreement  the  Company  allotted  7,000,000  new  ordinary 
shares of 0.1p each to Darwin Strategic Limited which were admitted to AIM on 29 April 2014. 

By order of the Board 

Ian Ford 
Secretary 
20 August 2014 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Remuneration report  

Remuneration Committee: composition and terms of reference 
On 17 December 2013 the Company announced that its former CEO Stephen Moon had stepped down from 
the Board to focus on the demerged SiS business, leaving Provexis plc with three directors: the former Non-
executive Chairman Dawson Buck, who took up the role of Executive Chairman on Stephen Moon’s departure; 
Ian Ford; Finance Director, and Krijn Rietveld, a Non-executive Director and senior employee of DSM. 

It was noted in the Company’s demerger circular to shareholders on 28 June 2013 that the Board believed it 
was appropriate to reduce  further the operating costs of the Provexis Group associated with the Fruitflow® 
Business, given that the investment phase of Fruitflow® is complete, in order to minimise the cost of services 
supplied  under  the  Alliance  Agreement  by  Provexis,  and  maximise  operating  profit  as  Fruitflow®  revenues 
develop. The Board believed then, and continues to believe, that this action will maximise Provexis shareholder 
value over the short, medium and long term. 

The  Board  resolved  in  June  2013  to  reduce  the  operating  costs  of  the  Fruitflow®  business,  whilst  fully 
maintaining its contribution to the Alliance Agreement, and it believes that its obligations towards the Fruitflow® 
business can be met with a small team comprising two part-time executives, together with a Non-executive 
Director to oversee strategy and governance matters. 

Following completion of the demerger Stephen Moon and Ian Ford entered into new agreements with Provexis 
that reflect the services required to manage the Fruitflow® business only. In December 2013 when Stephen 
Moon stepped down from the Board, Dawson Buck entered into a new agreement with Provexis, reflecting the 
change in his role from Non-executive Chairman to Executive Chairman with effect from 17 December 2013. 

The Board changes in December 2013 were agreed with some of the Company’s larger shareholders before 
they were put into effect, and it was agreed that given the small size of the Board the Group’s Remuneration 
Committee  would  be  disbanded,  with  future  remuneration  issues  to  include  share  options  to  be  primarily 
determined in dialogue between the Company and its larger shareholders. 

Policy on Executive Directors’ remuneration 
Executive  remuneration  packages  are  designed  to  attract  and  retain  executives  of  the  necessary  skill  and 
calibre to run the Company successfully but avoiding paying more than is necessary. Direct benchmarking of 
remuneration is not possible given the specialised nature and size of the Company. 

The  full  Board  determines  whether  or  not  Executive  Directors  are  permitted  to  serve  in  roles  with  other 
companies. Such permission  is only  granted  where a role is on a strictly  limited basis,  where there are  no 
conflicts of interest or competing activities and providing there is not an adverse impact on the commitments 
required to the Group. Earnings from such roles are not disclosed nor paid to the Group. 

Service contracts 
The Chairman Dawson Buck is engaged under a contract for services requiring six months’ notice by either 
party,  and  the  Finance  Director  Ian  Ford  is  engaged  under  a  contract  for  services  requiring  three  months’ 
notice by either party. 

Krijn Rietveld, a Non-executive Director and senior employee of DSM, joined the Board in September 2008 
following DSM Venturing B.V.’s investment in the Company as announced on 1 August 2008. Krijn Rietveld is 
not paid by Provexis. 

Gains made on exercise of directors’ share options 
No directors’ share options were exercised during the year (2013: Nil). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Remuneration report  

Details of directors’ remuneration 
The emoluments of the individual directors for the year were as follows: 

Year ended 
31 March 
2014 

Executive Directors 
C D Buck 
I Ford 
S N Moon (resigned 17 December 2013) 

Non-executive Directors 
J M Clarke (resigned 9 August 2013) 
K Rietveld 

Year ended 
31 March 
2013 
Total 

  Salary and 
directors’ 
fees 
£ 

45,771 
98,912 
89,430 

Benefits 
in kind 

Pension 

Total 

£ 

- 
676 
385 

£ 

£ 

£ 

- 
2,368 
3,678 

45,771 
101,956 
93,493 

35,000 
137,468 
211,491 

10,428 
- 
244,541 

- 
- 
1,061 

- 
- 
6,046 

10,428 
- 
251,648 

29,000 
- 
412,959 

The above fees and emoluments exclude reimbursed expenditure incurred in the conduct of Group business. 

Share-based payment expense 
The share-based payment expenses of the individual directors recognised for the year were as follows: 

Executive Directors 
C D Buck 
I Ford 
S N Moon (resigned 17 December 2013) 

Non-executive Directors 
J M Clarke (resigned 9 August 2013) 
K Rietveld 

Directors’ interests in shares 

C D Buck 
I Ford 
S N Moon (resigned 17 December 2013) 

Year 
ended 
31 
March 
2014 
£ 

16,050 
79,522 
259,707 

62,510 
- 
417,789 

Year 
ended 
31 
March 
2013 
£ 

- 
41,453 
88,087 

- 
- 
129,540 

Ordinary shares of 
0.1 pence each 

Ordinary shares of 
0.1 pence each 

Beneficial interests 

31 March 2014 

1 April 2013 

12,906,433 
2,201,832 
- 
15,108,265 

12,906,433 
2,201,832 
2,060,666 
17,168,931 

Other than as shown in the table and as further disclosed in respect of share options in note 21, no director 
had any interest in the shares of the Company or its subsidiary companies at 31 March 2014. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Remuneration report  

Directors’ interests in share options 
The Board uses share options to align directors and employees interests with those of shareholders in order 
to provide incentives and reward them based on improvements in Company performance. 

The share options held by the directors and not exercised at 31 March 2014 are summarised below. 

C D Buck 
I Ford 
S N Moon (resigned 17 December 2013) 

31 March 
2014 

7,000,000 
25,000,000 
- 
32,000,000 

31 March 
2013 

- 
18,000,000 
38,117,620 
56,117,620 

The unapproved share options at 31 March 2014 of the directors who served during the year are set out below: 

Grant date 

Number 
awarded 

Exercise 
price/share 

Earliest 
exercise date 

C D Buck 
I Ford 
S N Moon 
S N Moon 
S N Moon 
J M Clarke 

June 2013 
June 2011 
June 2013 
June 2011 
August 2008 
June 2013 

7,000,000 
6,350,010 
5,365,000 
17,000,000 
7,324,520  
7,000,000 
50,039,530 

0.972p 
1.846p 
0.972p 
1.846p 
0.593p 
0.972p 

April 2016 
April 2014 
April 2014 
April 2014 
April 2011 
April 2014 

Expiry date 

June 2023 
June 2021 
June 2023 
June 2021 
August 2018 
June 2023 

The EMI share options at 31 March 2014 of the directors who served during the year are set out below: 

Grant date 

Number 
awarded 

Exercise 
price/share 

Earliest 
exercise date 

I Ford 
I Ford 
I Ford 
I Ford 
S N Moon 
S N Moon 
S N Moon 
S N Moon 

June 2013 
June 2011 
August 2008 
August 2008 
June 2013 
August 2008 
August 2008 
August 2008 

7,000,000 
1,649,990 
5,000,000 
5,000,000 
8,635,000 
1,117,620 
2,675,480 
10,000,000 
41,078,090 

0.972p 
1.846p 
0.593p 
0.593p 
0.972p 
0.659p 
0.593p 
0.593p 

April 2016 
April 2014 
April 2011 
October 2009 
April 2014 
August 2008 
April 2011 
October 2009 

Expiry date 

June 2023 
June 2021 
August 2018 
August 2018 
June 2023 
August 2018 
August 2018 
August 2018 

All options were granted with an exercise price at or above market value on the date of grant. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report to the members of Provexis plc 

TO THE MEMBERS OF PROVEXIS PLC 

We have audited the financial statements of Provexis plc for the year ended 31 March 2014 which comprise 
the  consolidated  statement  of  comprehensive  income,  the  consolidated  statement  of  financial  position,  the 
consolidated statement of cash flows, the consolidated statement of changes in equity, the parent company 
balance sheet and related notes. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation 
of the group financial statements is applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as 
adopted by the European Union. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of 
the parent company financial statements is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United 
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice). 

This report is made solely to the Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of 
the  Companies  Act  2006.  Our  audit  work  has  been  undertaken  so  that  we  might  state  to  the  Company’s 
members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditors’ report and for no other purpose.  To 
the  fullest  extent  permitted  by  law,  we  do  not  accept  or  assume  responsibility  to  anyone  other  than  the 
Company and the Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we 
have formed. 

Respective responsibilities of directors and auditors 

As  explained  more  fully  in  the  directors'  responsibilities  statement,  the  directors  are  responsible  for  the 
preparation  of  the  financial  statements  and  for  being  satisfied  that  they  give  a  true  and  fair  view.  Our 
responsibility is to audit and express an opinion on the financial statements in accordance with applicable law 
and  International  Standards  on  Auditing  (UK  and  Ireland).  Those  standards  require  us  to  comply  with  the 
Auditing Practices Board's Ethical Standards for Auditors. 

Scope of the audit of the financial statements 

An audit involves obtaining evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements sufficient 
to  give  reasonable  assurance  that  the  financial  statements  are  free  from  material  misstatement,  whether 
caused by fraud or error. This includes an assessment of: whether the accounting policies are appropriate to 
the  group’s  and  the  parent  company's  circumstances  and  have  been  consistently  applied  and  adequately 
disclosed;  the  reasonableness  of  significant  accounting  estimates  made  by  the  directors;  and  the  overall 
presentation of the financial statements. In addition, we read all the financial and non-financial information in 
the annual report to identify material inconsistencies with the audited financial statements and to identify any 
information  that  is  apparently  materially  incorrect  based  on,  or  materially  inconsistent  with,  the  knowledge 
acquired  by  us  in  the  course  of  performing  the  audit.  If  we  become  aware  of  any  apparent  material 
misstatements or inconsistencies we consider the implications for our report. 

Opinion on financial statements 

In our opinion:  

 

 

 

 

the financial statements give a true  and fair  view of the state of the group’s and the  parent company’s 
affairs as at 31 March 2014 and of the group’s profit for the year then ended; 

the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the 
European Union; 

the  parent  company’s  financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in  accordance  with  United 
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and 

the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 
2006. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent auditor’s report to the members of Provexis plc 
continued 

Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 

In our opinion the information given in the directors’ report and strategic report for the financial year for which 
the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements.  

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to 
report to you if, in our opinion: 

  adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our audit 

have not been received from branches not visited by us; or 

 

 

the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or 

certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 

  we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 

Neil Tustian (Senior Statutory Auditor) 
For and on behalf of Chantrey Vellacott DFK LLP,  
Chartered accountant and statutory auditor 
Reading 

20 August 2014 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income 

Year  
ended  
31 March 
2014 

Notes 

£  

Revenue 
Research and development costs 
Administrative costs 

Underlying operating loss 
Amortisation and impairment charges 
Costs of demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited 
Restructuring costs 
Share based payment charges 

Loss from continuing operations 

Finance income 
Loss before taxation 

Taxation 

1,3 
4 

11 
10 
4 
21 

4 

7 

8 

Year  
ended  
31 March 
2013 
restated1 
£  

37,351 
(324,468) 
(3,978,719) 

(1,169,267) 
(2,781,499) 
- 
(135,787) 
(179,283) 

3,967 
(142,985) 
(879,958) 

(577,961) 
- 
(49,824) 
- 
(391,191) 

(1,018,976) 

(4,265,836) 

4,889 
(1,014,087) 

12,407 
(4,253,429) 

15,823 

83,087 

Loss for the year from continuing operations 

(998,264) 

(4,170,342) 

Discontinued operation 
Profit / (loss) for the year from discontinued operation 

10 

1,434,983 

(221,364) 

Profit / (loss) and total comprehensive 
income / (expense) for the year 

Attributable to: 
Owners of the parent 
Non-controlling interest 
Profit / (loss) and total comprehensive 
income / (expense) for the year 

Earnings / (loss) per share to owners of the parent 
From continuing and discontinued operations 
Basic - pence 
Diluted - pence 

From continuing operations 
Basic - pence 
Diluted - pence 

22 
22 

22 

9 
9 

9 
9 

436,719 

(4,391,706) 

488,353 
(51,634) 

(4,338,600) 
(53,106) 

436,719 

(4,391,706) 

0.03 
0.03 

(0.06) 
(0.06) 

(0.29) 
(0.29) 

(0.27) 
(0.27) 

1 The results for the year ended 31 March 2013 have been restated to reflect the presentation of the SiS (Science in Sport) business as 

discontinued in the year. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of financial position 

Company number 05102907 

Assets 
Non-current assets 
Intangible assets 
Plant and equipment 
Deferred tax 
Total non-current assets 

Current assets 
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables 
Corporation tax asset 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets 

Total assets 

Liabilities 
Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Borrowings 
Total current liabilities 
Net current assets 

Non-current liabilities 
Borrowings 
Deferred tax 
Total non-current liabilities 

Total liabilities 

Total net assets 

Capital and reserves attributable to 
owners of the parent company 
Share capital 
Share premium reserve 
Warrant reserve 
Merger reserve 
Retained earnings 

Non-controlling interest 
Total equity 

As at  
31 March 
2014 
£  

As at  
31 March 
2013 
£  

Notes 

11 
13 
19 

14 
15 
8 
16 

17 
18 

18 
19 

20 
22 
22 
22 
22 

22 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
112,637 
15,823 
514,827 
643,287 

6,553,502 
634,920 
110,348 
7,298,770 

913,387 
1,253,305 
288,801 
616,612 
3,072,105 

643,287 

10,370,875 

(108,212) 
- 
(108,212) 
535,075 

- 
- 
- 

(1,787,569) 
(64,774) 
(1,852,343) 
1,219,762 

(161,871) 
(450,789) 
(612,660) 

(108,212) 

(2,465,003) 

535,075 

7,905,872 

1,554,816 
16,183,870 
26,200 
6,599,174 
(23,505,513) 
858,547 
(323,472) 
535,075 

5,134,170 
20,769,423 
60,000 
6,599,174 
(24,385,057) 
8,177,710 
(271,838) 
7,905,872 

These consolidated financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board on 20 August 
2014. The notes on pages 25 to 54 form part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Ian Ford 
Director 
On behalf of the Board of Provexis plc 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of cash flows 

Year 
ended  
31 March 
2014 

Notes 

£  

Year 
ended  
31 March 
2013 
restated 

£  

11 

13 

(998,264) 

(4,170,342) 

- 
- 
9,140 
- 
(4,889) 
(15,823) 
391,191 
63,177 
(225,460) 

(780,928) 

2,781,499 
37,876 
35,027 
1,556 
(12,407) 
(83,087) 
179,283 
(2,914) 
(22,083) 

(1,255,592) 

220,717 
(13,133) 

162,369 
(340,125) 

(573,344) 

(1,433,348) 

- 
- 
4,763 

4,763 

(3,037) 
(25,545) 
12,427 

(16,155) 

(113,599) 

(108,836) 

(426,082) 

(442,237)  

286,750 
15,750 

302,500 

(23,797) 

278,703 

(252,948) 
(150,529) 
290,000 
11,692 

(101,785) 

785,447 
36,000 

821,447 

223,345 

1,044,792 

(287,931) 
(542,862) 
- 
- 

(830,793) 

Cash flows from operating activities 
Loss after tax 
Adjustments for: 
Amortisation and impairment 
Impairment of fixed assets 
Depreciation 
Loss on sale of fixed assets 
Net finance income 
Taxation 
Share-based payment charge 
Changes in trade and other receivables 
Changes in trade and other payables 
Net cash flow from continuing operations 

Tax credits received 
Cash flow from discontinued operations 
Total cash flow from operations 

Cash flow from investing activities 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment 
Purchase of intangible assets 
Interest received 
Net cash flow from continuing operations 

Cash flow from discontinued operations 
Total cash flow from investing activities 

Cash flow from financing activities 
Proceeds from issue of share capital 
Proceeds from exercise of share options 
Net cash flow from continuing operations 

Cash flow from discontinued operations 
Total cash flow from financing activities 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
 - from continuing operations 
 - from discontinued operations 
 - add: inter company debt repaid by SiS business at demerger 
 - add: bank overdraft held by SiS business at demerger 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents 

Opening cash and cash equivalents 

Closing cash and cash equivalents 

16 

16 

616,612 

514,827 

1,447,405 

616,612 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statement of changes in equity 

Share 
capital  

Share  
premium 

Warrant 
reserve 

Merger  
reserve 

Retained  
earnings 

£  

£  

£ 

£  

£  

Total equity 
attributable 
to owners of  
the parent 
£  

Non-

controlling  
interests 

Total  
equity 

£  

£  

At 31 March 2012 

5,085,352 

19,998,832 

60,000 

6,599,174 

(20,225,740) 

11,517,618 

(218,732) 

11,298,886 

Share-based charges 

- 

- 

Issue of shares - share options 
exercised 27 April 2012 

Issue of shares - equity financing 
facility 23 May 2012 

Issue of shares - equity financing 
facility 3 September 2012 

Total comprehensive expense for 
the year 

4,000 

32,000 

13,198 

230,504 

31,620 

508,087 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

179,283 

179,283 

- 

- 

- 

36,000 

243,702 

539,707 

- 

- 

- 

- 

179,283 

36,000 

243,702 

539,707 

(4,338,600) 

(4,338,600) 

(53,106) 

(4,391,706) 

At 31 March 2013 

5,134,170 

20,769,423 

60,000 

6,599,174 

(24,385,057) 

8,177,710 

(271,838) 

7,905,872 

Share-based charges 

Demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- issue redeemable shares 

- 

50,000  

- 

- 

Demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- issue SiS cancellation shares 

1,518,651  

(1,518,651) 

Demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- redeem redeemable shares 

(50,000) 

- 

Demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- transfer to Science in Sport plc 

(5,134,170) 

(3,370,275) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Warrants cancelled during the 
period - equity financing facility 

Warrants issued during the period - 
equity financing facility 

Issue of shares - equity financing 
facility 11 September 2013 

Issue of shares - equity financing 
facility fee 11 September 2013 

Issue of shares - share options 
exercised 22 November 2013 

Total comprehensive income for 
the period 

- 

- 

2,038  

(60,000) 

- 

26,200  

31,000  

255,750  

3,415  

31,585 

1,750 

14,000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

391,191 

391,191 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

50,000  

-  

(50,000) 

(8,504,445) 

(57,962) 

26,200  

286,750  

35,000  

15,750 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

391,191 

50,000  

-  

(50,000) 

(8,504,445) 

(57,962) 

26,200  

286,750  

35,000  

15,750 

488,353 

488,353 

(51,634) 

436,719 

At 31 March 2014 

1,554,816 

16,183,870 

26,200 

6,599,174 

(23,505,513) 

858,547 

(323,472) 

535,075 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

1. Accounting policies 
General information 
Provexis plc is a public limited company incorporated and domiciled in the United Kingdom (registration number 
05102907). The address of the registered office is Prospect House, Queens Road, Reading, Berkshire RG1 
4RP, UK. 

The main activities of the Group are those of  developing and  licensing the proprietary, scientifically-proven 
Fruitflow® heart-health functional food ingredient for the global functional food sector. 

Company reorganisation and demerger 
SiS (Science in Sport) Limited was demerged from Provexis plc with effect from 9 August 2013 by way of a 
capital reduction demerger and transferred to a newly incorporated parent company, Science in Sport plc. 

Pursuant to the terms of the demerger agreement Science in Sport plc allotted and issued to the holders of 
ordinary shares in the capital of Provexis plc 15,188,000 ordinary shares of 10 pence each in consideration of 
the transfer to Science in Sport plc by Provexis plc of the whole of the issued share capital of SiS (Science in 
Sport) Limited. Science in Sport plc was admitted to the AIM segment of the London Stock Exchangeʼs market 
for listed securities as from 9 August 2013. 

At the date of the demerger, Science in Sport plc acquired the entire issued share capital  of SiS (Science in 
Sport) Limited in return for issuing shares to the shareholders of Provexis plc. 

These transactions resulted in the demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited from the Group. 

SiS (Science in Sport) Limited represented a separate major line of business for the Group under the definitions 
within IFRS 5, hence the results of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited up to the date of the demerger are shown 
as discontinued in these financial statements. Prior year comparatives have been restated as necessary. 

Prior to the demerger, Provexis plc converted £448,163 of an intercompany debt from SiS (Science in Sport) 
Limited into equity by way of a capital contribution. At the time of the demerger, a payment of £290,000 was 
made to Provexis plc to settle the remaining outstanding intercompany debt. 

Basis of preparation 
The  Group  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards,  International  Accounting  Standards  and  Interpretations  (collectively  IFRS)  issued  by  the 
International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) as adopted by the European Union (“adopted IFRS”) and 
those parts of the Companies Act 2006 that are applicable to financial statements prepared in accordance with 
IFRS. 

The  Company  has  elected  to  prepare  its  parent  company  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  United 
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (“UK GAAP”), and these are set out on pages 55 to 59. 

The  accounting  policies  set  out  below  have  been  applied  to  all  periods  presented  in  these  Group  financial 
statements and are in accordance with IFRS, as adopted by the European Union, and International Financial 
Reporting Interpretations Committee (“IFRIC”) interpretations that were applicable for the year ended 31 March 
2014. 

There have been no new or amended standards adopted by the Group since the prior financial year. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Basis of preparation (continued) 
The following new standards, amendments to standards or interpretations have been issued and are effective 
for the year ended 31 March 2014, however, the directors do not expect them to have a material effect on the 
Group’s financial statements: 

  Amendments to IAS 1 – Presentation of Items of Other Comprehensive Income 
  Amendments to IAS 19 – Employee Benefits 
IAS 27 – Separate Financial Statements 
 
IAS 28 – Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures 
 
  Amendments to IFRS 7 – Financial Instruments: Disclosures – Offsetting Financial Assets and 
  Financial Liabilities and IAS 32 (Amended) Financial instruments: Presentation 
IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements 
 
IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements 
 
IFRS 12 Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities 
 
 
IFRS 13 – Fair Value Measurements 
  Annual Improvements 2009-2011 cycle 
  Consolidated  Financial  Statements,  Joint  Arrangements  and  Disclosure  of  Interests  in  Other  Entities: 

Transition Guidance 

The  following  new  standards,  amendments  to  standards  and  interpretations  have  been  issued  but  are  not 
effective for the year ended 31 March 2014. The new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations 
(effective  for  periods  beginning  on  or  after  1  January  2014  unless  otherwise  stated)  will  be  relevant  to  the 
Group but have not been adopted early as the directors do not expect these standards and interpretations to 
have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements: 

Investment Entities – Amendments to IFRS 10, IFRS 12 and IAS 27 

 
  Offsetting Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities - Amendments to IAS 32 
  Recoverable Amount Disclosures for Non-Financial Assets (Amendments to IAS 36) 
  Novation of Derivatives and Continuation of Hedge Accounting (Amendments to IAS 39) 
IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (effective periods commencing on or after 1 January 2015) 
 

There  are  a  number  of standards,  interpretations  and  amendments  to  published  accounts  not  listed  above 
which the directors consider not to be relevant to the Group. 

Going concern  
The Group’s business activities together with the factors likely to affect its future development are set out in 
the strategic report on pages 5 to 11. The financial position of the Group, its cash flows and liquidity position 
are also set out in the strategic report on pages 5 to 11. In addition note 2 to the financial statements includes 
the  Group’s  objectives,  policies  and  processes  for  managing  its  capital;  its  financial  risk  management 
objectives; details of its financial instruments and its exposure to credit and liquidity risk. 

The Group made a loss for the year from continuing operations of £998,264 (2013: £4,170,342) and expects 
to make a further loss during the year ending 31 March 2015. The total cash outflow from continuing operations 
in  the  year  was  £252,948  (2013:  £287,931).  At  31  March  2014  the  Group  had  cash  balances  of  £514,827 
(2013: £616,612). 

The directors have prepared projected cash flow information for a period of more than twelve months from the 
date  of  approval  of  these  financial  statements  and  have  reviewed  this  information  as  at  the  date  of  these 
financial statements. The directors have also considered this issue in light of the significant reduction in net 
assets following the demerger of the SiS (Science in Sport) Limited business. 

The Group has access to future equity financings, either through the Group’s existing equity drawdown facility 
with Darwin or through an equity fundraising with the Company’s shareholders, as potential additional sources 
of funding. 

Based on the level of existing cash, projected income and expenditure, and excluding the potential additional 
sources of funding, the directors are satisfied that the Company and the Group have adequate resources to 
continue in business for the foreseeable future. 

Accordingly the going concern basis has been used in preparing the financial statements. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Basis of consolidation 
Subsidiaries are all entities (including special purpose entities) over which the Group has the power to govern 
the financial and operating policies generally accompanying a shareholding of more than one half of the voting 
rights. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are 
de-consolidated from the date that control ceases. 

The  consolidated  financial  information  presents  the  results  of  the  Company  and  its  subsidiaries, 
Provexis Nutrition Limited, Provexis Natural Products Limited and Provexis (IBD) Limited as if they formed a 
single entity ("the Group"). All subsidiaries share the same reporting date, 31 March, as Provexis plc. All intra 
group balances are eliminated in preparing the financial statements. 

The purchase method of accounting is used to account for the acquisition of subsidiaries by the Group. The 
cost of an acquisition is measured as the fair value of the assets given, equity instruments issued and liabilities 
incurred  or  assumed  at  the  date  of  exchange.  Identifiable  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  and  contingent 
liabilities assumed in a business combination are measured initially at their fair values at the acquisition date, 
irrespective  of the extent of any  non-controlling  interest. The excess of the cost  of acquisition over the fair 
value of the Group’s share of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. The direct costs of 
acquisition are recognised immediately as an expense. 

Non-controlling interest 
Profit or loss and each component of other comprehensive income are attributed to the owners of the parent 
and to the non-controlling interests. Total comprehensive income is attributed to the owners of the parent and 
the non-controlling interests even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance. 

Revenue 
Revenue  comprises  the  fair  value  received  or  receivable  for  exclusivity  arrangements,  collaboration 
agreements, royalties and sales net of sales rebates and excluding VAT and trade discounts. 

The accounting policies for the principal revenue streams of the Group are as follows: 

(i) Exclusivity arrangements and collaboration agreements are recognised as revenue in the accounting period 
in  which  the  related  services,  or  required  activities,  are  performed  or  specified  conditions  are  fulfilled  in 
accordance with the terms of completion of the specific transaction. 

 (ii) Royalty income relating to the sale by a licensee of licensed product is recognised on an accruals basis in 
accordance with the substance of the relevant agreement and based on the receipt from the licensee of the 
relevant information to enable calculation of the royalty due. 

Segment reporting 
The Group determines and presents operating segments based on the information that internally is provided 
to the Chairman, who is the Group’s ‘chief operating decision maker’ (“CODM”). 

An operating segment is a component of the Group that engages in business activities from which it may earn 
revenues  and incur expenses, including revenues  and expenses that relate to transactions  with  any  of the 
Group’s other components. An operating segment’s operating results are reviewed regularly by the CODM to 
make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance, and for which 
discrete financial information is available. 

Segment results that are reported to the Group Board include items directly attributable to a segment as well 
as those that can be allocated on a reasonable basis.  

Segment  capital  expenditure  is  the  total  cost  incurred  during  the  period  to  acquire  property,  plant  and 
equipment, and intangible assets. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Use of non-GAAP profit measure – underlying operating profit 
The directors believe that the operating loss before amortisation and impairment of acquired intangibles, share 
based payments and exceptional items measure provides additional useful information for shareholders on 
underlying  trends  and  performance.  This  measure  is  used  for  internal  performance  analysis.  Underlying 
operating loss is not defined by  IFRS  and  therefore may not be directly comparable  with  other companies’ 
adjusted profit measures. It is not intended to be a substitute for, or superior to IFRS measurements of profit. 

Exceptional items are those material items which, by virtue of their size or incidence, are presented separately 
in the Statement of Comprehensive Income to give a full understanding of the Group’s  underlying financial 
performance.  Transactions  which  may  give  rise  to  exceptional  items  include  the  restructuring  of  business 
activities and acquisitions. A reconciliation of underlying operating profit to statutory operating profit is set out 
on the face of the Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

Leased assets 
Leases,  which  contain  terms  whereby  the  Group  does  not  assume  substantially  all  the  risks  and  rewards 
incidental  to  ownership  of  the  leased  item  are  classified  as  operating  leases.  Operating  lease  rentals  are 
charged to the statement of comprehensive income on a straight line basis over the lease term. The Group 
does not hold any assets under finance leases. 

Intangible assets 
Goodwill 
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the Group’s share of the 
identifiable  net  assets  acquired.  Goodwill  on  acquisition  of  subsidiaries  is  included  in  ‘intangible  assets’. 
Separately  recognised  goodwill  is  tested  annually  for  impairment  and  carried  at  cost  less  accumulated 
impairment losses.  

An  impairment  loss  is  recognised  within  administrative  expenses  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive income for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. 
For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped into cash generating units (‘CGU’) being the 
lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows. The recoverable amount of a CGU is the 
higher of a CGU’s fair value less costs to sell and value in use. 

Impairment losses on goodwill are not reversed. 

Research and development 
Certain  Group  products  are  in  the  research  phase  and  others  are  in  the  development  phase.  Expenditure 
incurred on the development of internally generated products is capitalised if it can be demonstrated that: 
● 
● 
● 
● 
● 
● 

It is technically feasible to develop the product for it to be sold; 
Adequate resources are available to complete the development; 
There is an intention to complete and sell the product; 
The Group is able to sell the product; 
Sale of the product will generate future economic benefits; and 
Expenditure on the project can be measured reliably. 

The value of the capitalised development cost is assessed for impairment annually. The value is written down 
immediately if impairment has occurred. Development costs are not being amortised as income has not yet 
been realised from the underlying technology. Development expenditure, not satisfying the above criteria, and 
expenditure on the research phase of internal projects is recognised in the statement of comprehensive income 
as incurred. 

Patents and trademarks 
The costs incurred in establishing patents and trademarks are either expensed or capitalised in accordance 
with the corresponding treatment of the development expenditure for the product to which they relate. 

Website development costs 
Website development costs are capitalised to the extent that it is capable of generating direct revenues from 
enabling  orders  to  be  placed.  Costs  associated  with  the  planning  stage  are  recognised  in  the  Income 
Statement. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Externally acquired intangible assets 
Externally acquired intangible assets are initially recognised at cost and subsequently amortised on a straight-
line basis over their useful economic lives. 

Intangible assets are recognised on business combinations if they are separable from the acquired entity or 
give rise to other contractual/legal rights. The amounts ascribed to such intangibles are arrived at by using 
appropriate valuation techniques. 

In-process research and development programmes acquired in such combinations are recognised as an asset 
even  if  subsequent  expenditure  is  written  off  because  the  criteria  specified  in  the  policy  for  research  and 
development costs above are not met. 

The  significant  intangibles  recognised  by  the  Group,  their  useful  economic  lives  and  the  methods  used  to 
determine the cost of intangibles acquired in a business combination are as follows: 

Intangible asset 

Useful economic life 

Valuation method 

Trademarks 
Patents / recipes / formulations 
Covenants not to compete 
Customer relationships 
Website development costs 

9.5 
4.5 to 9.5 
3.0 
9.5 
5.0 

Relief From Royalty Rate Method 
Relief From Royalty Rate Method 
Comparative Business Valuation 
Multi-Period Excess Earnings Method 
 Historic Cost 

Non-current assets held for sale or distribution and disposal groups 
Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale when, at the year end: 
they are available for immediate sale; 
- 
-  management is committed to a plan to sell; 
- 
- 
- 
- 

it is unlikely that significant changes to the plan will be made or that the plan will be withdrawn; 
an active programme to locate a buyer has been initiated; 
the asset or disposal group is being marketed at a reasonable price in relation to its fair value; and 
a sale is expected to complete within 12 months from the date of classification. 

Non-current assets and disposal groups classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of: 
- 

their carrying amount immediately prior to being classified as held for sale in accordance with the Group's 
accounting policy; and 
fair value less costs to sell. 

- 

Following their classification as held for sale, non-current assets (including those in a disposal group) are not 
depreciated. 

The  results  of  operations  disposed  during  the  year  are  included  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 
comprehensive income up to the date of disposal. 

A  discontinued  operation  is  a  component  of  the  Group's  business  that  represents  a  separate  major  line  of 
business or geographical area of operations or is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale, that 
has been disposed of, has been abandoned or that meets the criteria to be classified as held for sale. 

Discontinued operations are presented in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income as a single 
line which comprises the post-tax profit or loss of the discontinued operation along with the post-tax gain or 
loss recognised on the re-measurement to fair value less costs to sell or on disposal of the assets or disposal 
groups constituting discontinued operations. The cash flows from discontinued operations are also disclosed 
as a single-line item in each category of the cash flow statement. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Plant and equipment 
Plant and machinery, fixtures, fittings and computer equipment and  laboratory equipment are stated at cost 
less  accumulated  depreciation  and  any  accumulated  impairment  losses.  Cost  includes  expenditure  that  is 
directly attributable to the acquisition of the items. Depreciation is charged to the Statement of Comprehensive 
Income on all plant and equipment at rates calculated to write off the cost or valuation, less estimated residual 
value, of each asset on a straight line basis over their estimated useful lives, which is: 

  between 3 and 8 years for motor vehicles, plant and machinery, fixtures, fittings and computer equipment; 

and 

  5 years for laboratory equipment. 

Leasehold improvements are depreciated on a straight line basis over the unexpired portion of the lease. 

The  assets’  residual  values  and  useful  lives  are  determined  by  the  directors  and  reviewed  and  adjusted  if 
appropriate at each balance sheet date in accordance with the Group policy for impairment of assets. 

The  gain  or  loss  arising  on  the  disposal  of  an  asset  is  determined  as  the  difference  between  the  disposal 
proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in the income statement. 

Impairment of assets 
Assets that have a finite useful life but that are not yet in use and are therefore not subject to amortisation or 
depreciation  are  tested  annually  for  impairment.  Assets  that  are  subject  to  amortisation  are  reviewed  for 
impairment  annually  and  when  events  or  circumstances  suggest  that  the  carrying  amount  may  not  be 
recoverable, an impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds 
its recoverable amount. 

Goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units (‘CGU’) for the purpose of impairment testing to the extent that 
it  is  possible  to  allocate  goodwill  to  a  CGU  on  a  non-arbitrary  basis.  A  CGU  is  identified  at  the  lowest 
aggregation  of  assets  that  generate  largely  independent  cash  inflows,  and  that  which  is  looked  at  by 
management for monitoring and managing the business. 

If the recoverable amount of an asset is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of 
the asset is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in the statement 
of  comprehensive  income,  unless  the  relevant  asset  is  carried  at  a  revalued  amount,  in  which  case  the 
impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease. 

Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset is increased to the revised 
estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying 
amount  that  would  have  been  determined  had  no  impairment  loss  been  recognised  for  the  asset  in  prior 
periods. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in the statement of comprehensive income, 
unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal of the impairment loss is 
treated as a revaluation increase. Impairment losses on goodwill are not reversed. 

Inventories 
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is calculated as follows: 
Raw materials - cost of purchase on first in, first out basis. 
Work in progress and finished goods - cost of raw materials and labour, together with attributable overheads 
based on the normal level of activity. 

Net realisable value is based on estimated selling price less further costs to completion and disposal. A charge 
is made to the income statement for slow moving inventories. The charge is reviewed at each balance sheet 
date. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Financial instruments 
Financial assets 
The Group’s financial assets are comprised of ‘trade and other receivables’ and ‘cash and cash equivalents’. 
They are recognised initially at their fair value and subsequently at amortised cost. The Group will assess at 
each balance sheet date whether there is objective evidence that the financial asset is impaired. If an asset is 
judged to be impaired the carrying amount of the asset will be adjusted to its impaired valuation. 

Financial liabilities 
The Group’s financial liabilities comprise ‘trade and other payables’ and ‘borrowings’. These are recognised 
initially at fair value and subsequently at amortised cost. 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash at bank and in hand. 

Government grants 
Government grants are recognised when there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be received and the 
Group  will  comply  with  all  attached  conditions.  Government  grants  are  recognised  in  the  statement  of 
comprehensive  income  in  the  same  period  to  which  the  costs  that  they  are  intended  to  compensate  are 
expensed. 

Taxation 
Current tax is provided at amounts expected to be recovered or to be paid using the tax rates and tax laws 
that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. When research and development 
tax credits are claimed they are recognised on an accruals basis and are included as a taxation credit. 

Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  recognised  where  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  or  liability  on  the 
balance sheet differs from its tax base, except for differences arising on: 

  The initial recognition of goodwill 
  The initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction which is not a business combination and at 

 

the time of the transaction affects neither accounting or taxable profit; and 
Investments in subsidiaries where the Group is able to control the timing of the reversal of the difference 
and it is probable that the difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 

Recognition of deferred tax assets is restricted to those instances where it is probable that taxable profits will 
be available against which the difference can be utilised. 

The  amount  of  the  asset  or  liability  is  determined  using  tax  rates  that  have  been  enacted  or  substantively 
enacted by the  balance  sheet  date and are expected to apply  when the  deferred tax  liabilities/(assets) are 
settled/(recovered). Deferred tax balances are not discounted. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when the Group has a legally enforceable right to offset current 
tax  assets  and  liabilities  and  the  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  relate  to  taxes  levied  by  the  same  tax 
authority on either: 

  The same taxable Group Company; or 
  Different Group entities which intend to settle current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis, or to realise 
the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously, on each future period in which significant amounts of 
deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be settled or recovered. 

Foreign currency translation 
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing 
at  the  dates  of  the  transactions.  Foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  resulting  from  the  settlement  of  such 
transactions  and  from  the  translation  at  period  end  exchange  rates  of  monetary  assets  and  liabilities 
denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in the statement of comprehensive income. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Employee benefits 
(i) Defined contribution plans 
The  Group  provides  retirement  benefits  to  all  employees  and  Executive  Directors.  The  assets  of  these 
schemes are held separately from those of the Group in independently administered funds. Contributions made 
by  the  Group  are  charged  to  the  statement  of  comprehensive  income  in  the  period  in  which  they  become 
payable. 

(ii) Accrued holiday pay 
Provision has been made at the balance sheet date for holidays accrued but not taken at the salary of the 
relevant employee at that date. 

(iii) Share-based payment transactions 
The  Group  operates  an  equity-settled,  share-based  compensation  plan.  Vesting  conditions  are  service 
conditions  and  performance  conditions  only.  Where  share  options  are  awarded  to  employees  and  others 
providing  similar  services,  the  fair  value  of  the  options  at  the  date  of  grant  is  charged  to  the  statement  of 
comprehensive  income  over  the  vesting  period.  Non-market  vesting  conditions  are  taken  into  account  by 
adjusting the number of equity instruments expected to vest at each balance sheet date so that, ultimately, the 
cumulative amount recognised over the vesting period is based on the number of options that eventually vest. 
Market vesting conditions  are factored into  the fair value of the  options  when granted. As  long as all other 
vesting conditions are satisfied, a charge is made irrespective of whether the market vesting conditions are 
satisfied. The cumulative charge  is not  adjusted for failure to  achieve a market vesting condition. If market 
related terms and conditions of options are modified before they vest, the change in the fair value of the options, 
measured immediately before and after the modification, is also charged to the statement of comprehensive 
income over the remaining vesting period. If non-market related terms and conditions of options are modified 
before they vest, the number of instruments expected to vest at each balance sheet date, and therefore the 
cumulative charge, is therefore amended accordingly. Where equity instruments are granted to persons other 
than employees and others providing similar services, the statement of comprehensive income is charged with 
the fair value of goods and services received. 

The  proceeds  received  when  options  are  exercised,  net  of  any  directly  attributable  transaction  costs,  are 
credited to share capital (nominal value) and the remaining balance to share premium. 

National insurance on share options 
All employee option holders sign statements that they will be liable for any employers national insurance arising 
on the exercise of share options. 

Interest income 
Interest income is recognised on a time-proportion basis using the effective interest rate method. 

Warrants 
The Group has issued  warrants to Darwin  Strategic  Limited as part of the Equity  Financing Facility. These 
warrants have been measured at fair value at the date of grant using an appropriate options pricing model. 

This fair value  has  been  held on  the balance  sheet  within  prepayments and  in the  warrants reserve  within 
equity. The prepayment will be released against share premium as the equity financing facility is utilised. The 
warrants reserve will be released to share premium when the warrants are exercised. If the warrants lapse or 
are cancelled then the reserve is transferred to retained earnings. 

Critical accounting estimates and judgements 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRSs requires the use of certain critical accounting 
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial 
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  

Estimates  and  judgements  are  continually  made  and  are  based  on  historic  experience  and  other  factors, 
including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable in the circumstances. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

1. Accounting policies (continued) 
Critical accounting estimates and judgements (continued) 
As the use of estimates is inherent in financial reporting, actual results could differ from these estimates. The 
directors believe the following to be the key areas of estimation and judgement: 

(i) Research and development 
Under IAS 38 Intangible Assets, development expenditure which meets the recognition criteria of the standard 
must be capitalised and amortised over the useful economic lives of intangible assets from product launch. 

(ii) Share-based payments 
The Group operates an equity-settled, share-based compensation plan. The charge for share-based payments 
is determined based on the fair value of awards at the date of grant partly by use of the Black-Scholes pricing 
model  which require judgements to be made regarding  expected  volatility,  dividend  yield, risk free rates of 
return and expected option lives. The inputs used in these pricing models to calculate the fair values are set 
out in note 21. An element of the share-based payment charge also relies on certain assumptions over the 
future performance of the share price  which may not be met or may be exceeded by the time the relevant 
awards vest. 

(iii) Goodwill and impairment 
The recoverable amount of goodwill is determined based on value in use calculations of the cash-generating 
units to which it relates. Further detail on key assumptions, including growth rates, discount rates and the time 
period of these value in use calculations is given in note 12. 

The Group prepares and approves formal five year management plans for its operations, which are used in 
the value in use calculations. In certain cases the fifth year of the management plan is not indicative of the 
long- term future performance as operations may not have reached maturity. In this case management extends 
the plan data for a longer period. 

(iv) Fair value of identifiable net assets acquired 
Upon acquisition of a business, its identifiable assets and liabilities are assessed to determine their fair value. 
The values attributed to assets and liabilities as part of this process are, where appropriate, based on market 
values identified for equivalent  assets, together  with  management’s experience  and assessments including 
comparison to the carrying value of assets of a similar condition and age in the existing business. 

(v) Valuation of inventories 
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost comprises direct materials, labour 
and, where appropriate, overheads that have been incurred in bringing the inventory to its present location and 
condition.  Net  realisable  value  is  the  estimated  selling  price  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  less  the 
estimated costs of completion and selling expenses. 

(vi) Useful economic lives of intangible and tangible assets 
In relation to the Group’s finite life intangible assets and property, plant and equipment, useful economic lives 
and residual values of assets have been established using historical experience and an assessment of the 
nature of the assets involved. Assets are assessed on an ongoing basis to determine whether circumstances 
exist that could lead to potential impairment of the carrying value of such assets. 

2. Financial risk management 

2.1 Financial risk factors 
The Group’s activities inevitably expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including currency risk, 
cash flow interest rate risk and fair value interest rate risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. 

It  is  Group  policy  not  to  enter  into  speculative  positions  using  complex  financial  instruments.  The  Group’s 
primary treasury objective is to minimise exposure to potential capital losses whilst at the same time securing 
favourable market rates of interest on Group cash deposits using money market deposits with banks. Cash 
balances used to settle the liabilities from operating activities are also maintained in current accounts which 
earn interest at variable rates. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

2.1 Financial risk factors (continued) 
(a) Market risk  
Foreign exchange risk 
The  Group  primarily  enters  into  contracts  which  are  to  be  settled  in  UK  pounds.  However,  some  contracts 
involve other major world currencies including the US Dollar and the Euro. Where large contracts of more than 
£50,000 total value are to be settled in foreign currencies consideration is given to converting the appropriate 
amounts to or from UK pounds at the outset of the contract to minimise the risk of adverse currency fluctuations. 

The  Group  incurred  minimal  expenditure  in  foreign  currencies  during  the  year,  and  the  prior  year,  and 
consequently there is no material exposure to foreign currency rate risk. 

Cash flow and fair value interest rate risk 

The Group’s interest rate risk arises from medium term and short term money market deposits. Deposits which 
earn variable rates of interest expose the Group to cash flow interest rate risk. Deposits at fixed rates expose 
the Group to fair value interest rate risk. 

The Group analyses its interest rate exposure on a dynamic basis throughout the year.  

(b) Credit risk 
Credit risk arises from cash and cash equivalents and deposits with banks and financial institutions as well as 
credit exposure in relation to outstanding receivables. Group policy is to place deposits with institutions with 
investment grade A2 or better (Moody’s credit rating) and deposits are made in sterling only. The Group does 
not  expect  any  losses  from  non-performance  by  these  institutions.  Management  believes  that  the  carrying 
value of outstanding receivables and deposits with banks represents the Group’s maximum exposure to credit 
risk. 

(c) Liquidity risk 
Liquidity risk arises from the Group’s management of working capital, it is the risk that the Group will encounter 
difficulty  in  meeting  its  financial  obligations  as  they  fall  due.  Prudent  liquidity  risk  management  implies 
maintaining sufficient cash and cash equivalents and management monitors rolling forecasts of the Group’s 
liquidity on the basis of expected cash flow. 

The  Group  had  trade  and  other  payables  at  the  statement  of  financial  position  date  of  £108,212  (2013: 
£1,787,569) as disclosed in note 17. 

2.2 Capital risk management 
The Group considers its capital to comprise its ordinary share capital, share premium, warrant reserve, merger 
reserve and accumulated retained earnings as disclosed in the consolidated statement of financial position on 
page 22. 

The Group remains funded primarily by equity capital. The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to 
safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns for equity holders of 
the Company and benefits for other stakeholders and to maintain an optimal capital structure to reduce the 
cost of capital. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

3. Segmental reporting 
Following the demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited in August 2013 the directors have determined that 
only one operating segment exists under the terms of International Financial Reporting Standard 8 ‘Operating 
Segments’, as the Group is organised and operates as a single business unit and all activities are based in 
the UK. The Group’s reporting segment is determined based on the Group’s internal reporting to the Chief 
Operating  Decision  Maker  (CODM).  The  CODM  has  been  determined  to  be  the  Chairman  of  the  Board  of 
Directors as  he  is primarily responsible for the allocation of resources to segments and the assessment of 
performance of the segments.  

The CODM uses underlying operating profit/(loss) as the key measure of the segments’ results as it reflects 
the segments’ underlying trading performance for the financial period under evaluation. 

Underlying operating profit/(loss) is a consistent measure within the Group which measures the performance 
of  the  segment  before  goodwill  and  acquired  intangible  asset  amortisation  and  impairment,  share  based 
payment charges, restructuring charges and acquisition costs arising from acquisitions. 

The results of the former SiS segment for the period up to the demerger can be seen in note 10. 

4. Loss from continuing operations 

Loss from continuing operations is stated after charging: 

Depreciation of plant and equipment 
Amortisation and impairment of intangible assets 
Research and development costs 
Foreign exchange gains 
Costs of demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited 
Restructuring costs 
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 
Grant income 
Operating lease costs - land and buildings 
Equity-settled share based payment expense 
Defined contribution pension expense 

Year ended 
31 March 
2014 

£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2013 
restated 
£ 

9,140 
- 
142,985 
(603) 
49,824 
- 
- 
- 
12,266 
391,191 
7,624 

35,027 
2,781,499 
324,468 
(1,191) 
- 
135,787 
1,556 
(3,000) 
57,568 
179,283 
1,552 

Restructuring costs of £135,787 were incurred in 2013 as part of the closure of the group’s R&D facility at the 
University of Aberdeen, along with other reductions in group administrative headcount. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

4. Loss from continuing operations (continued) 
The total fees of the Group’s auditor, for services provided are analysed below: 

Chantrey Vellacott DFK 
Year ended 
Year ended 
31 March  
31 March 
2014 
2013 
£ 
£ 

BDO LLP 

Year ended 
31 March  
2014 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2013 
£ 

Audit services 
Parent company 
Subsidiaries 
Tax services - compliance 
Parent company 
Subsidiaries 
Other services 
iXBRL services 
Review of interim statement 
Corporate finance 
- demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) 

13,000 
12,000 

15,000 
24,500 

2,000 
3,000 

2,000 
- 

15,000 

2,500 
6,000 

2,000 
- 

- 

Total fees 

47,000 

50,000 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
5,000 

- 

5,000 

The Group engaged Chantrey Vellacott DFK LLP to assist the Group with the demerger of  SiS (Science in 
Sport) Limited from the Provexis Group to a new company called Science in Sport plc. Science in Sport plc 
engaged Chantrey Vellacott DFK to assist it with the admission of its entire issued and to be issued ordinary 
share capital to trading on AIM on 9 August 2013. 

Further information on the demerger and admission of Science in Sport plc to AIM can be found in the circular, 
and admission to trading on AIM document, which were issued on 28 June 2013. Copies of the circular and 
the admission to trading on AIM document can be downloaded from Provexis plc’s website www.provexis.com. 

5. Wages and salaries 
The average monthly number of persons (including all directors) employed by the Group during the year for 
continuing operations was as follows: 

Research and development staff 
Directors 

Their aggregate emoluments were: 

Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Other pension and insurance benefits costs 
Total cash settled emoluments 
Accrued holiday pay 
Share-based payment remuneration charge: equity settled 
Total emoluments 

Year ended 
31 March  
2014 

Year ended 
31 March 
2013 
restated 

- 
4 
4 

3 
4 
7 

Year ended 
31 March  
2014 

£ 

289,307 
23,960 
11,476 
324,743 
(28,343) 
391,191 
687,591 

Year ended 
31 March 
2013 
restated 
£ 

673,253 
75,486 
7,181 
755,920 
(5,066) 
179,283 
930,137 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

6. Directors’ remuneration 

Directors 
Aggregate emoluments 
Company pension contributions 

Share based payment remuneration charge: equity settled 
Total Directors’ emoluments 

Year ended 
31 March 
2014 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2013 
£ 

245,600 
6,046 
251,646 
417,789 
669,435 

396,490 
16,469 
412,959 
129,540 
542,499 

Emoluments disclosed above include the following amounts in respect of the highest paid director: 

Aggregate emoluments 
Company pension contributions 
Share based payment remuneration charge: equity settled 
Total of the highest paid director’s emoluments 

Year ended 
31 March 
2014 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2013 
£ 

89,814 
3,678 
259,707 
353,199 

201,473 
10,018 
88,087 
299,578 

During the year, two directors (2013: two directors) participated in defined contribution pension schemes. 

Directors’ emoluments include amounts attributable to benefits in kind comprising private medical insurance 
on which the directors are assessed for tax purposes. The amounts attributable to benefits in kind are stated 
at cost to the Group, which is also the tax value of the attributable benefits. 

Further details of directors’ emoluments are included in the Remuneration report on pages 16 to 18. 

7. Finance income 

Finance income 

Bank interest receivable 

Year ended 
31 March 
2014 

£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2013 
restated 
£ 

4,889 
4,889 

12,407 
12,407 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

8. Taxation 

Current tax income 
United Kingdom corporation tax - research and development credit 
Adjustment in respect of prior period 
United Kingdom corporation tax - research and development credit 
Taxation credit 

Year ended 
31 March 
2014 

£ 

15,823 

- 
15,823 

Year ended 
31 March 
2013 
restated 
£ 

65,740 

17,347 
83,087 

The tax assessed for the year is different from the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK. The differences 
are explained below: 

Year ended 
31 March 
2014 

£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2013 
restated 
£ 

Loss before tax 

1,014,087 

4,253,429 

Loss before tax multiplied by the 
standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 23% (2013: 24%) 
Effects of: 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Difference between depreciation and capital allowances 
Other short-term timing differences 
Unutilised tax losses and other deductions arising in the year 
Additional deduction for R&D expenditure 
Surrender of tax losses for R&D tax credit refund 
Share scheme deduction 
Adjustments in respect of prior years 
Total tax credit for the year 

233,240 

1,020,823 

(535) 
(2,102) 
(89,974) 
(130,271) 
18,380 
(17,262) 
4,347 
- 
15,823 

(43,491) 
(17,564) 
(661,853) 
(255,246) 
79,752 
(77,692) 
21,011 
17,347 
83,087 

At  31  March  2014  the  Group  UK  tax  losses  to  be  carried  forward  are  estimated  to  be  £17,833,920  (2013: 
£17,622,991). 

The rate change from 23% to 21% had been substantively enacted by the balance sheet date, so deferred tax 
is provided for at a rate of 21%. 

Income tax asset receivable within one year 

Corporation tax recoverable 

31 March 
2014 
£ 

15,823 
15,823 

31 March 
2013 
£ 

288,801 
288,801 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

9. Earnings per share and diluted earnings per share 
Basic earnings per share amounts are calculated by dividing the profit attributable to owners of the parent by 
the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the financial year. 

Diluted earnings per share amounts are calculated by dividing the profit attributable to owners of the parent by 
the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the financial year adjusted for the effects of 
potentially dilutive options. The dilutive effect is calculated on the full exercise of all potentially dilutive ordinary 
share options granted by the Group. 

Year ended 31 March 2014 

Basic 

Potentially 
dilutive 
share options 
and warrants  

Diluted 

Basic 

Year ended 31 March 2013 
Potentially 
dilutive 
share options 
and warrants 

Diluted 

Profit / (loss) - £ 

Continuing operations 

Discontinued operations 
Total operations 
attributable to owners 

(946,630) 

1,434,983 

488,353 

- 

- 

- 

(946,630) 

(4,117,236) 

1,434,983 

(221,364) 

488,353 

(4,338,600) 

- 

- 

- 

(4,117,236) 

(221,364) 

(4,338,600) 

Share options 

Warrants 
Weighted average 
number of shares 

- 

- 

110,640,510 

10,000,000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

90,071,648 

10,000,000 

- 

- 

1,537,655,373 

120,640,510 

1,658,295,883 

1,502,924,005 

100,071,648 

1,602,995,653 

Earnings / (loss) per share (pence) 

Continuing operations 

Discontinued operations 

Total 

(0.06) 

0.09 

0.03 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

(0.06) 

0.09 

0.03 

(0.27) 

(0.02) 

(0.29) 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

(0.27) 

(0.02) 

(0.29) 

There have been no transactions involving ordinary shares between the reporting date and the date of approval 
of  these  financial  statements  which  would  significantly  change  the  earnings  per  share  calculations  shown 
above. 

The earnings per share for continuing operations do not include potentially dilutive share options and warrants 
on the basis that the continuing operations made a loss.  

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

10. Discontinued operations 
SiS (Science in Sport) Limited , which was acquired by Provexis plc in June 2011, was demerged from Provexis 
with effect from 9 August 2013 by way of a capital reduction demerger and transferred to a newly incorporated 
parent company, Science in Sport plc. 

The Company incurred certain demerger costs as part of this process: 

Costs of demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited 

Year ended 
31 March 
2014 

£ 

49,824 

Year ended 
31 March 
2013 
restated 
£ 

- 

Pursuant to the terms of the demerger agreement Science in Sport plc allotted and issued to the holders of 
ordinary shares in the capital of Provexis plc 15,188,000 ordinary shares of 10 pence each in consideration of 
the transfer to Science in Sport plc by Provexis plc of the whole of the issued share capital of SiS (Science in 
Sport) Limited. Science in Sport plc was admitted to the AIM segment of the London Stock Exchangeʼs market 
for listed securities as from 9 August 2013. 

At the date of the demerger, Science in Sport plc acquired the entire issued share capital of SiS (Science in 
Sport) Limited in return for issuing shares to the shareholders of Provexis plc. 

These transactions resulted in the demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited from the Group. 

SiS (Science in Sport) Limited represented a separate major line of business for the Group under the definitions 
within IFRS 5, hence the results of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited up to the date of the demerger are shown 
as discontinued in these financial statements. Prior year comparatives have been restated as necessary. There 
is no impact on the prior year balance sheet. 

Prior to the demerger, Provexis plc converted £448,163 of an intercompany debt from SiS (Science in Sport) 
Limited into equity by way of a capital contribution. At the time of the demerger, a payment of £290,000 was 
made to Provexis plc to settle the remaining outstanding intercompany debt. 

The disclosures below relate to the SiS (Science in Sport) Limited demerged business segment. 

a) The results of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited before demerger were as follows: 

Revenue 
Cost of goods 
Gross profit 
Research and development costs 
Administrative costs 
Underlying operating profit 
Amortisation and impairment charges 
Restructuring costs 
Profit / (loss) from operations 
Finance income 
Finance costs 
Profit / (loss) before taxation 
Taxation 
Loss and total comprehensive expense for the period 

Period 
ended 
8 August 
2014 
£  

2,617,857 
(1,096,643) 
1,521,214 
(57,571) 
(1,449,638) 
147,962 
(101,576) 
(32,381) 
14,005 
26 
(2,214) 
11,817 
20,663 
32,480 

Year  
ended  
31 March  
2013 
£  

5,522,240 
(2,418,177) 
3,104,063 
(151,085) 
(3,343,966) 
74,330 
(286,735) 
(178,583) 
(390,988) 
- 
(3,275) 
(394,263) 
172,899 
(221,364) 

The results of discontinued operations were previously recorded in the SiS segment, see also note 3. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

10. Discontinued operations (continued) 

b) Income tax relating to the SiS (Science in Sport) Limited business is as follows: 

Current tax income 
United Kingdom corporation tax - research and development credit 
Adjustment in respect of prior period 
United Kingdom corporation tax - research and development credit 
United Kingdom corporation tax - other adjustments 
Total current tax income 
Deferred tax 
Origination and reversal of temporary differences 
Tax on loss for the year 

4 months  
ended  
8 August 
2014 
£ 

Year  
ended  
31 March  
2013 
£ 

- 

- 
- 
- 

20,663 
20,663 

- 

39,950 
67,267 
107,217 

65,682 
172,899 

c) The profit from discontinued operations shown in the income statement is made up as follows: 

Profit in the financial period up to demerger of the discontinued business 
Dividend in specie, at fair value - 1,518,650,979 shares at 0.56 pence 
Net assets of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited business demerged 
SiS intercompany debt converted into equity by way of a capital contribution 
Intangible assets - goodwill at net book value 
Intangible assets - other fair value adjustments on acquisition 
Deferred tax 
Profit for the year from discontinued operation 

Year  
ended  
31 March  
2014 
£ 

32,480 
8,504,445 
(775,799) 
(448,163) 
(4,437,991) 
(1,870,115) 
430,126 
1,434,983 

The value of the dividend in specie represents the fair value of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited, which has been 
derived from the placing price of Science in Sport plc at the time of the demerger, on admission. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

11. Intangible assets 

Goodwill 

Development 
costs 

Trademarks 

£ 

£ 

£ 

Patents / 
recipes / 
formulations 
£ 

Covenants 
not to 
compete 
£ 

Customer 
relationships 

£ 

Website 
development 
costs 
£ 

Total 

£ 

11,703,268 
- 

(4,437,991) 

158,166 
- 

1,004,029 
- 

180,886 
- 

22,480 
- 

1,228,696 
- 

174,999 
7,172 

14,472,524 
7,172 

- 

(1,004,029) 

(180,886) 

(22,480) 

(1,228,696) 

(182,171) 

(7,056,253) 

7,265,277 

158,166 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7,423,443 

7,265,277 
- 

158,166 
- 

186,714 
35,229 

47,691 
8,999 

13,238 
2,498 

228,495 
43,112 

19,441 
11,738 

7,919,022 
101,576 

- 

- 

(221,943) 

(56,690) 

(15,736) 

(271,607) 

(31,179) 

(597,155) 

7,265,277 

158,166 

At 31 March 2013 

4,437,991 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7,423,443 

- 

817,315 

133,195 

9,242 

1,000,201 

155,558 

6,553,502 

11,642,165 
61,103 
11,703,268 

132,621 
25,545 
158,166 

1,004,029 
- 
1,004,029 

180,886 
- 
180,886 

22,480 
- 
22,480 

1,228,696 
- 
1,228,696 

9,514 
165,485 
174,999 

14,220,391 
252,133 
14,472,524 

4,603,398 
- 
2,661,879 

7,265,277 

38,546 
- 
119,620 
158,166 

81,027 
105,687 
- 
186,714 

20,696 
26,995 
- 
47,691 

5,745 
7,493 
- 
13,238 

99,158 
129,337 
- 
228,495 

2,218 
17,223 
- 
19,441 

4,850,788 
286,735 
2,781,499 
7,919,022 

At 31 March 2012 

7,038,767 

94,075 

4,437,991 

- 

817,315 

923,002 

133,195 

160,190 

9,242 

1,000,201 

155,558 

6,553,502 

16,735 

1,129,538 

7,296 

9,369,603 

Cost 
At 1 April 2013 
Additions 
Demerger of SiS 
(Science in Sport) 
At 31 March 2014 

Amortisation and 
impairment 
At 1 April 2013 
Charge for year 
Demerger of SiS 
(Science in Sport) 
At 31 March 2014 

Net book value 
At 31 March 2014 

Cost 
At 1 April 2012 
Additions 
At 31 March 2013 

Amortisation and 
impairment 
At 1 April 2012 
Charge for year 
Impairment 
At 31 March 2013 

Net book value 
At 31 March 2013 

Development costs represent costs incurred in registering patents that meet the capitalisation criteria set out 
in IAS 38, see also note 1. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

12. Goodwill and impairment 
Goodwill arising on consolidation represents the excess of the cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the 
Group’s share of the net assets of the acquired subsidiary at the date of acquisition. The consolidated balance 
sheet of the Group at the start of the prior year included goodwill relating to two cash generating units (CGUs), 
Provexis, in respect of Fruitflow®, and SiS. 

SiS (Science in Sport) Limited, which was acquired by Provexis plc in June 2011, was demerged from Provexis 
by way of a capital reduction demerger with effect from 9 August 2013 and the goodwill arising on the cost of 
its acquisition in 2011 was reversed as part of the demerger. 

For the Provexis CGU, a total non cash impairment loss of £2,781,499 was recognised in the year ended 31 
March 2013, made up of the existing £2,661,879 carrying value of the Provexis CGU, and the related £119,620 
of  intangible  assets,  in  respect  of  previously  capitalised  intangible  development  costs.  At  the  time  the 
impairment loss was recognised the proposed demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited remained conditional 
inter alia upon the approval of the Company’s shareholders at a General Meeting, and the confirmation of the 
Company’s  reduction  of  capital  by  the  Court,  hence  for  the  purposes  of  IAS  36  it  amounted  to  a  future 
restructuring to which an entity was not yet committed. 

The carrying amount of goodwill is allocated to the CGUs as follows: 

Goodwill carrying amount 

Year ended 31 March 2014 
£ 

Year ended 31 March 2013 
£ 

Provexis 

SiS 

Total 

Provexis 

SiS 

Total 

At start of year 
Additions 
Impairment charge for year 
Demerger of SiS 
(Science in Sport) 
At end of year 

- 
- 
- 

- 

-  

4,437,991 
- 
- 

4,437,991 
- 
- 

2,661,879 
-  
(2,661,879) 

4,376,888 
61,103 
-  

7,038,767 
61,103 
(2,661,879) 

(4,437,991) 

(4,437,991) 

- 

- 

- 

-  

- 

- 

4,437,991 

4,437,991 

Under IAS 36 the reversal of an impairment loss for goodwill is prohibited. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

13. Plant and equipment 

Leasehold 
improvements 

£ 

Fixtures, 
fittings, 
plant and 
equipment 
£ 

Laboratory 
equipment 

Motor 
vehicles 

Total 

£ 

£ 

£ 

230,956 
- 

659,045 
106,453 

147,145 
- 

11,527 
- 

1,048,673 
106,453 

(230,956) 

(691,402) 

- 

(11,527) 

(933,885) 

- 

74,096 

147,145 

- 

221,241 

58,706 
16,409 

198,528 
54,702 

147,145 
- 

9,374 
1,722 

413,753 
72,833 

(75,115) 

(179,134) 

- 

(11,096) 

(265,345) 

- 

- 

74,096 

147,145 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

221,241 

- 

2,153 

634,920 

172,250 

460,517 

Leasehold 
improvements 

£ 

219,247 
11,709 
- 
230,956 

10,706 
48,000 
- 
- 
58,706 

Fixtures, 
fittings, 
plant and 
equipment 
£ 

410,395 
251,925 
(3,275) 
659,045 

90,699 
109,548 
- 
(1,719) 
198,528 

Laboratory 
equipment 

Motor 
vehicles 

Total 

£ 

£ 

£ 

147,145 
- 
- 
147,145 

84,270 
24,999 
37,876 
- 
147,145 

11,527 
- 
- 
11,527 

788,314 
263,634 
(3,275) 
1,048,673 

4,209 
5,165 
- 
- 
9,374 

2,153 

7,318 

189,884 
187,712 
37,876 
(1,719) 
413,753 

634,920 

598,430 

Cost 
At 1 April 2013 

Additions 
Demerger of SiS 
(Science in Sport) 
At 31 March 2014 

Depreciation 
At 1 April 2013 

Charge for the year 
Demerger of SiS 
(Science in Sport) 
At 31 March 2014 

Net book value 
At 31 March 2014 

At 31 March 2013 

Cost 
At 1 April 2012 

Additions 
Disposals 
At 31 March 2013 

Depreciation 
At 1 April 2012 

Charge for the year 
Impairment - site closure 
Disposals 
At 31 March 2013 

Net book value 
At 31 March 2013 

At 31 March 2012 

172,250 

208,541 

460,517 

319,696 

- 

62,875 

The carrying amount of fixtures, fittings, plant and equipment includes an amount of £Nil (2013: £245,266) in 
respect of assets held under an asset loan agreement. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

14. Inventories 

Raw materials 
Finished goods 

31 March 
2014 
£ 

- 
- 
- 

31 March 
2013 
£ 

503,093 
410,294 
913,387 

During the  year  inventories of  £816,438 (2013: £1,746,504)  were recognised  as an expense  within cost  of 
sales in discontinued operations. 

15. Trade and other receivables 

Amounts receivable within one year: 
Trade receivables 
Less: provision for impairment of trade receivables 
Trade receivables - net 
Other receivables 
Total financial assets other than cash 
and cash equivalents classified as loans and receivables 
Prepayments and accrued income 
Total trade and other receivables 

31 March 
2014 
£ 

31 March 
2013 
£ 

- 
- 
- 
33,207 

33,207 

79,430 
112,637 

755,106 
(32,233) 
722,873 
124,615 

847,488 

405,817 
1,253,305 

Trade receivables represent debts due for the sale of goods to customers. The provision for impairment of 
receivables is estimated by the Group’s management based on prior experience. 

The balance at 31 March 2014 of £112,637 is £1,140,668 less than the prior year due predominantly to the 
demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited in August 2013. 

Trade  receivables  are  denominated  in  Sterling.  The  directors  consider  that  the  carrying  amount  of  these 
receivables  approximates  to  their  fair  value.  Trade  and  other  receivables  are  categorised  as  loans  and 
receivables under IAS 39. 

All amounts shown under receivables fall due for payment within one year. 

The Group does not hold any collateral as security. 

As at 31 March 2014 trade receivables of £Nil (2013: £125,319) were past due but not impaired. They relate 
to customers with no default history. The ageing analysis of these receivables is as follows: 

Up to 3 months 

31 March 
2014 
£ 

- 
- 

31 March 
2013 
£ 

125,319 
125,319 

As at 31 March 2014 trade receivables of £Nil (2013: £32,233) were past due and impaired. The amount of 
the provision as at 31 March was £Nil (2013: £32,233). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

15. Trade and other receivables (continued) 
Movements on the group provision for impairment of trade receivables are as follows 

At beginning of the year 
Provided during the year 
Unused amounts reversed 
Demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited 

31 March 
2014 
£ 

31 March 
2013 
£ 

32,233 
2,000 
- 
(34,233) 
- 

32,101 
5,750 
(5,618) 
- 
32,233 

The movement on the provision for impaired receivables has been included in administrative expenses within 
discontinued operations in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. 

Other classes of financial assets included within trade and other receivables do not contain impaired assets. 

16. Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash at bank and in hand 

17. Trade and other payables 

Trade payables 
Other payables 
Accruals 
Total financial liabilities measured at amortised cost 
Other taxes and social security 
Total trade and other payables 

31 March  
2014 
£ 

514,827 
514,827 

31 March 
2013 
£ 

616,612 
616,612 

31 March 
2014 
£ 

31 March 
2013 
£ 

19,028 
- 
85,313 
104,341 
3,871 
108,212 

929,939 
109,171 
680,805 
1,719,915 
67,654 
1,787,569 

The directors consider that the carrying amount of these liabilities approximates to their fair value. 

All amounts shown fall due within one year. 

18. Borrowings 

Secured borrowings at amortised cost 
Asset loan agreement at fixed rate 

Amounts due for settlement within 12 months 
Amounts due for settlement after 12 months 

31 March 
2014 
£ 

31 March 
2013 
£ 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

226,645 
226,645 

64,774 
161,871 
226,645 

The asset loan agreement at 31 March 2013 was provided in September 2012 by HSBC Asset Finance (UK) 
Limited  for  SiS  (Science  in  Sport)  Limited,  and  it  ceased  to  be  a  liability  of  the  Provexis  Group  when  SiS 
(Science in Sport) Limited was demerged from Provexis in August 2013. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

19. Deferred tax 
Deferred tax is calculated in full on temporary differences under the liability method using a  tax rate of 21% 
(2013: 23%). 

Details of the deferred tax asset and liability are as follows: 

Asset 
2014 
£ 

Liability 
2014 
£ 

Net 
2014 
£ 

Asset 
2013 
£ 

Liability 
2013 
£ 

Net 
2013 
£ 

Business combinations 
Available losses 
Net tax assets / (liabilities) 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
110,348 
110,348 

(450,789) 
- 
(450,789) 

(450,789) 
110,348 
(340,441) 

No amounts in respect of deferred tax were recognised in the income statement from continuing operations 
or charged / credited to equity for the current or prior year. 

At 31 March 2014 a deferred tax asset of £Nil (2013: £110,348) was recognised in respect of tax losses in SiS 
and other temporary differences giving rise to deferred tax assets where the directors believed it was probable 
that these assets would be recovered. The directors made this assessment based on the evidence available 
from projected budgets, forecasts of profitability and post year end profitability of the entity. 

Deferred tax assets amounting to £3,789,701 (2013: £4,030,256) have not been recognised on the basis that 
their future economic benefit is not certain. Assuming a prevailing tax rate of 21% (2013: 23%) when the timing 
differences reverse, the unrecognised deferred tax asset comprises: 

Depreciation in excess of capital allowances 
Other short term timing differences 
Unutilised tax losses 
Share-based payments 

Year ended 
31 March 
2014 
£ 

Year ended 
31 March 
2013 
£ 

22,981 
1,540 
3,745,123 
20,057 
3,789,701 

23,068 
1,540 
3,922,672 
82,976 
4,030,256 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

20. Share capital 
On 11 September 2013 the Company announced that it had signed a new  5  year Equity Financing Facility 
(“EFF”) with Darwin Strategic Limited (“Darwin”). The new facility, which is up to £10m, replaced the Company's 
existing  EFF and  warrant  agreements  with Darwin,  dated  7 November 2011,  which  have accordingly  been 
cancelled. 

The new EFF agreement, dated 10 September 2013, provides the Company with a facility which (subject to 
certain limited restrictions) can be drawn down at any time over the 5 years ending on 9 September 2018. The 
timing and amount of any draw down is at the discretion of Provexis. Provexis is under no obligation to make 
a draw down and may make as many draw downs as its wishes, up to the total value of the EFF, by way of 
issuing subscription notices to Darwin. Following delivery of a subscription notice, Darwin will subscribe and 
Provexis will allot to Darwin new ordinary shares of 0.1p each (“Ordinary Shares”). 

The subscription price for any Ordinary Shares to be subscribed by Darwin under a subscription notice will be 
at a 7.5% discount to an agreed reference price determined during 5, 10 or 15 trading days following delivery 
of a subscription notice (the “Pricing Period”). The length of the Pricing Period is at the discretion of Provexis 
and is set at each relevant subscription notice. Provexis is also obliged to specify in each subscription notice 
a minimum price below which Ordinary Shares will not be issued. 

EFF fee and warrant reserve 
In consideration of Darwin agreeing to provide the EFF the Company agreed to: 

(i) 

(ii) 

Pay a fee to Darwin amounting to approximately £35,000 by way of an issue of 3,414,635 fully paid 
Ordinary  Shares,  at  a  gross  1.025p  per  share.  The  contingent  fee  amounting  to  a  maximum  of 
£125,000 payable under the 7 November 2011 Equity Financing Facility was cancelled. 

Enter into a new warrant agreement dated 10 September 2013 for the grant to Darwin of warrants to 
subscribe for up to ten million Ordinary  Shares, such  warrants to be  exercisable at  a  price  of  4.44 
pence per share and to be exercisable at any time prior to the expiry of five years following the date 
of  the  new  warrant  agreement.  The  ten  million  warrants  issued  to  Darwin  in  conjunction  with  the 
September 2011 EFF were cancelled. 

The warrants were measured at fair value at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes model, with the following 
assumptions: 

Date of 
grant 

Exercise 
price 

Number of 
warrants 

pence 

Share 
price at 
grant date 

pence 

Expected 
volatility 

Risk free 
rate 

Expected 
life 

years 

Fair value 
per share 
under 
warrant 
pence 

11-Sep-13 

4.44  10,000,000 

0.915 

75% 

0.79% 

5 

0.262 

An expected dividend yield of 0% was used in the above valuation. 

The assumption made for the expected life of the warrants is not necessarily indicative of the exercise patterns 
that may occur. The expected volatility reflects the assumption that the historical volatility is indicative of future 
trends, which may not necessarily be the actual outcome. 

The total fair value of the warrants, £26,200, has been held on the balance sheet within prepayments and in 
the  warrants  reserve  within  equity.  The  prepayment  will  be  released  against  share  premium  as  the  equity 
financing facility is utilised.  The warrants reserve will be released to share premium when the warrants are 
exercised. If the warrants lapse then the reserve is transferred to retained earnings. 

Darwin or the Company may terminate the EFF in specified circumstances. The issue of subscription notices 
is subject to specified pre-conditions. The Company has provided warranties and indemnities to Darwin and 
affiliated persons. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

20. Share capital (continued) 
Share re-organisation and reduction of capital 
In  August  2013,  following  a  general  meeting  held  on  15  July  2013,  the  Company  undertook  a  share  re-
organisation and reduction of capital to facilitate the demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited. 

The demerger was effected by Provexis returning to Provexis shareholders capital in an amount equal to the 
market value of the ordinary shares of £1 each in the capital of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited as at 9 August 
2013, the demerger effective date. The return of capital to Provexis shareholders was satisfied by the transfer 
by Provexis to Science in Sport plc of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited’s ordinary shares of £1 each, and the 
allotment and issue of Science in Sport plc ordinary shares credited as fully paid to the holders of Provexis 
ordinary  shares  who  were  registered  on  the  Provexis  share  register  at  5.00  p.m.  on  6  August  2013,  the 
demerger record time, in accordance with the terms of the demerger agreement. 

This involved: 
(i) 
(ii) 

(iii) 

the allotment and issue of Science in Sport Cancellation Shares credited as fully paid; 
the  cancellation  of  the  Company’s  existing  0.9p  deferred  shares  of  £3.6  million,  followed  by  the 
cancellation of the Science in Sport Cancellation Shares and the reduction of Provexis’ share premium 
account, which amounted to £8.5 million in aggregate; 
the return of capital by Provexis to Provexis shareholders of an amount equal to the market value of 
the  SiS  (Science  in  Sport)  Limited  ordinary  shares  of  £1  each.  The  return  of  capital  to  Provexis 
shareholders was satisfied by the transfer by Provexis to Science in Sport plc of the SiS (Science in 
Sport) Limited ordinary shares of £1 each held by Provexis, and the allotment and issue of Science in 
Sport plc ordinary shares credited as fully paid by Science in Sport plc to Provexis shareholders who 
were registered on the Provexis share register at 5.00 p.m. on 6 August 2013, the demerger record 
time, on the basis of one Science in Sport plc ordinary share for every one hundred Provexis ordinary 
shares then held. 

Science in Sport plc’s share capital then comprised one ordinary share and 50,000 redeemable shares and, 
therefore,  Provexis  allotted  and  issued  50,000  redeemable  shares  in  Provexis  plc  prior  to  the  demerger 
becoming effective in order to ensure that the share capital of Science in Sport plc mirrored as nearly as may 
be the share capital of Provexis at the demerger record time. Provexis shareholders continued to hold their 
existing shares in Provexis and, immediately following the demerger, each Provexis shareholder held as nearly 
as may be the same percentage of Provexis plc ordinary shares and Science in Sport plc ordinary shares in 
each of Provexis and Science in Sport respectively. Science in Sport plc was admitted to trading on AIM on 9 
August 2013. 

Full details of the demerger, share re-organisation and reduction of capital were provided on 28 June 2013 in 
a circular to shareholders and in an AIM admission document for Science in Sport plc. The circular and AIM 
admission document are available to download from the Company’s website www.provexis.com. 

Allotted, called up and fully paid 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 

At 31 March 2013 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- issue redeemable shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- issue Science in Sport Cancellation Shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- redeem redeemable shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- cancel deferred shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- cancel Science in Sport Cancellation Shares 
Issued on subscription - equity financing facility 
Issued for equity financing facility fee 
Issued on exercise of share options 
At 31 March 2014 

number 

number 

1,518,650,979 

401,724,366 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

31,000,000 
3,414,635 
1,750,000 
1,554,815,614 

- 

- 

- 

(401,724,366) 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

Science in 
Sport 0.1p 
Cancellation 
Shares 
number 

Redeemable 
£1 shares 

Total 

number 

number 

- 

- 

- 

1,920,375,345 

50,000 

50,000 

1,518,650,979 

- 

1,518,650,979 

- 

- 

(1,518,650,979) 

- 
- 
- 
- 

(50,000) 

(50,000) 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

(401,724,366) 

(1,518,650,979) 

31,000,000 
3,414,635 
1,750,000 
1,554,815,614 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

20. Share capital (continued) 

At 31 March 2013 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- issue redeemable shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- issue Science in Sport Cancellation Shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- redeem redeemable shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- cancel deferred shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- cancel Science in Sport Cancellation Shares 
Issued on subscription - equity financing facility 
Issued for equity financing facility fee 
Issued on exercise of share options 
At 31 March 2014 

Allotted, called up and fully paid 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 

£ 

£ 

1,518,651 

3,615,519 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

31,000 
3,415 
1,750 
1,554,816 

- 

- 

- 

(3,615,519) 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

Science in 
Sport 0.1p 
Cancellation 
Shares 
£ 

- 

- 

Redeemable 
£1 shares 

Total 

£ 

- 

50,000 

£ 

5,134,170 

50,000 

1,518,651 

- 

1,518,651 

- 

- 

(1,518,651) 

- 
- 
- 
- 

(50,000) 

(50,000) 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

(3,615,519) 

(1,518,651) 

31,000 
3,415 
1,750 
1,554,816 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
number 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
number 

Total 

number 

At 31 March 2012 
Issued on exercise of share options 
Issued on subscription - equity financing facility 
At 31 March 2013 

1,469,832,215 
4,000,000 
44,818,764 
1,518,650,979 

401,724,366 
- 
- 
401,724,366 

1,871,556,581 
4,000,000 
44,818,764 
1,920,375,345 

 Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
£ 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
£ 

Total 

£ 

At 31 March 2012 
Issued on exercise of share options 
Issued on subscription - equity financing facility 
At 31 March 2013 

1,469,833 
4,000 
44,818 
1,518,651 

3,615,519 
- 
- 
3,615,519 

5,085,352 
4,000 
44,818 
5,134,170 

During the year ended 31 March 2014 the Company issued ordinary shares of 0.1p each as follows: 

Date 

Reason for issue 

17.09.13 
17.09.13 
22.11.13 

Share subscription - equity financing facility 
Share subscription - equity financing facility fee 
Exercise of share options 

Shares issued 

£ 
31,000 
3,415 
1,750 
36,165 

Number 
31,000,000 
3,414,635 
1,750,000 
36,164,635 

During the year ended 31 March 2013 the Company issued ordinary shares of 0.1p each as follows: 

Date 

Reason for issue 

27.04.12 
23.05.12 
03.09.12 

Exercise of share options 
Share subscription - equity financing facility 
Share subscription - equity financing facility 

Shares issued 

£ 
4,000 
13,198 
31,620 
48,818 

Number 
4,000,000 
13,197,880 
31,620,884 
48,818,764 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

21. Share options 
In June  2005 the Company  adopted a  new share option  scheme for employees (”the Provexis 2005 share 
option  scheme”).  Under  the  scheme,  options  to  purchase  ordinary  shares  are  granted  by  the  Board  of 
Directors, subject to the exercise price of the option being not less than the market value at the grant date. 
The options typically vest after a period of 3 years and the vesting schedule is subject to predetermined overall 
company selection criteria. In the event that the option holder’s employment is terminated, the option may not 
be exercised unless the Board of Directors so permits. The options expire 10 years from the date of grant. 

The Company undertook a reverse takeover of Provexis Natural Products Limited (“PNP”, formerly Provexis 
Limited) in June 2005 through a share for share exchange. Prior to the takeover the Company and PNP had 
granted EMI options and unapproved options. Options granted by the Company prior to the takeover remain 
subject to the same terms as contained in the individual share option contracts under which they were originally 
granted.  The  PNP  EMI  options  and  unapproved  options  were  rolled  over  into  options  over  the  Company’s 
ordinary shares, and these replacement options remain subject to the same terms as contained in the individual 
PNP share option contracts under which they were originally granted. 

Following  the  demerger  of  SiS  (Science  in  Sport)  Limited  in  August  2013  appropriate  modifications  were 
proposed  to  the  exercise  price  of  certain  outstanding  EMI  and  unapproved  share  option  awards  under 
Provexis’ share option schemes. The proposed modifications were to reflect the reduction in value of Provexis 
which  arose  from  the  share  re-organisation,  reduction  of  capital  and  demerger  of  SiS  (Science  in  Sport) 
Limited, calculated on a pro rata basis immediately after the demerger using the respective market values of 
Provexis  plc  and  Science  in  Sport  plc,  net  of  Science  in  Sport  plc’s  August  2013  placing  (“the  Demerger 
Modifications”). 

Details  of  the  share  re-organisation,  reduction  of  capital,  demerger  of  SiS  (Science  in  Sport)  Limited  and 
proposed option Demerger Modifications were provided on 28 June 2013 in a circular to shareholders and in 
an AIM admission document for Science in Sport plc, which are available to download from the Company’s 
website www.provexis.com. 

As envisaged  in the June  2013 circular to shareholders  an advance assurance  was sought from HMRC to 
approve the variation in the exercise price arising out of the reduction of capital and demerger for unexercised 
EMI options as at 9 August 2013, the demerger effective date. The advance assurance was not successful, 
and the Company remains in dialogue with HMRC on this issue. On 20 August 2014 it was agreed that the 
modifications  proposed  to  the  exercise  price  of  certain  outstanding  awards  under  Provexis’  share  option 
schemes would take immediate effect. 

The fair values of the options granted during the year were estimated at the date of grant in accordance with 
IFRS 2, using a Black-Scholes model. 

At 31 March 2014 the number of ordinary shares subject to options granted over the 2005 and prior option 
schemes were: 

EMI options 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
(pence) 

31 March 2014 
Weighted 
average 
share price 
at date of 
exercise 
(pence) 

31 March 2013 

Number 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
(pence) 

Weighted 
average 
share price 
at date of 
exercise 
(pence) 

Number 

Outstanding at the beginning of the year 
Granted during the year 
Exercised during the year 
Cancelled during the year 
Outstanding at the end of the year 

1.44 
0.97 
0.90 
2.56 
0.78 

- 
- 
1.98 
- 
- 

55,802,021 
20,635,000 
(1,750,000) 
(16,192,356) 
58,494,665 

1.42 
- 
0.90 
- 
1.44 

- 
- 
2.00 
- 
- 

59,802,021 
- 
(4,000,000) 
- 
55,802,021 

The  exercise  price  of  EMI  options  outstanding  at  the  end  of  the  year  ranged  between  0.59p  and  1.85p 
(2013: 0.9p and 6.28p) and their weighted average contractual life was 6.0 years (2013: 3.9 years). 

Of the total number of EMI options outstanding at the end of the  year,  49,844,675 (2013: 44,552,031) had 
vested and were exercisable at the end of the year. Their weighted average exercise price was  0.71 pence 
(2013: 1.09 pence). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

21. Share options (continued) 
Unapproved options 

31 March 2014 
Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
(pence) 

Number 

31 March 2013 

Number 

Weighted 
average 
exercise 
price 
(pence) 

Outstanding at the beginning of the year 
Granted during the year 
Cancelled during the year 
Outstanding at the end of the year 

2.30  34,269,627 
0.97  19,365,000 
3.20 
(1,488,782) 
7.33  52,145,845 

2.28  34,269,627 
- 

- 

2.30  34,269,627 

The exercise price of unapproved options outstanding at the end of the year ranged between 0.59p and 1.85p 
(2013: 0.9p and 6.28p) and their weighted average contractual life was 7.3 years (2013: 6.9 years). 

Of the total number of unapproved options outstanding at the end of the year, 38,795,835 (2013: 10,919,617) 
had vested and were exercisable at the end of the year. Their weighted average exercise price was 1.27 pence 
(2013: 1.23 pence). 

Grant of options 
The fair values of the options have been estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes model, using 
the following assumptions: 

Tranche 

Date of 
grant 

Exercise 
price 

Number of 
options 

pence 

1 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 

06-Jun-07 
29-Nov-07 
26-Aug-08 
01-Oct-08 
17-Jun-11 
27-Jun-13 

3.38 

2.875  17,304,347 
2,751,479 
0.9  44,166,575 
0.9  12,000,000 
2.8  51,300,000 
1.475  40,000,000 

Share 
price at 
grant 
date 

pence 

2.75 
3.00 
0.87 
0.725 
2.00 
1.475 

Expected 
volatility 

Risk free 
rate 

Expected 
life 

Fair value 
per share 
under 
option 

78% 
65% 
65% 
65% 
88% 
88% 

4.44% 
3.77% 
4.45% 
4.39% 
4.48% 
0.79% 

years 

pence 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

1.42 
1.06 
0.585 
0.485 
1.17 
0.785 

An expected dividend yield of 0% has been used in all of the above valuations. 

The expected life of the options is based on historical data and is not necessarily indicative of the exercise 
patterns that may occur. The expected volatility reflects the assumption that the historical volatility is indicative 
of future trends, which may not necessarily be the actual outcome. 

The total charge for the year relating to employee share-based payment plans was £391,191 (2013: £179,283) 
all of which related to equity settled share-based payment transactions. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

22. Reserves 

At 31 March 2012 
Loss for the year 
Share-based charges 
Issue of shares - exercise of 
share options 
Issue of shares - equity 
financing facility 23 May 
2012 
Issue of shares - equity 
financing facility 3 
September 2012 
At 31 March 2013 

Loss for the year 
Share-based charges 
Demerger of SiS (Science in 
Sport) - issue SiS 
cancellation shares 
Demerger of SiS (Science in 
Sport) - transfer to Science 
in Sport plc 
Warrants cancelled during 
the period - equity financing 
facility 
Warrants issued during the 
period - equity financing 
facility 
Issue of shares - equity 
financing facility 11 
September 2013 
Issue of shares - equity 
financing facility fee 11 
September 2013 
Issue of shares - share 
options exercised 22 
November 2013 
At 31 March 2014 

Share 
premium 
reserve 

Warrant 
reserve 

Merger 
reserve 

Retained 
earnings  

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

Total 
attributable 
to equity 
holders of 
the parent 
£ 

Total reserves 

Non-
controlling 
interest 

£ 

£ 

19,998,832 
- 
- 

32,000 

230,504 

508,087 

60,000 
- 
- 

6,599,174 
- 
- 

(20,225,740) 
(4,338,600) 
179,283 

6,432,266 
(4,338,600) 
179,283 

(218,732) 
(53,106) 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

32,000 

230,504 

508,087 

- 

- 

- 

6,213,534 
(4,391,706) 
179,283 

32,000 

230,504 

508,087 

20,769,423 

60,000 

6,599,174 

(24,385,057) 

3,043,540 

(271,838) 

2,771,702 

- 
- 

(1,518,651) 

(3,370,275) 

- 
- 

- 

- 

2,038  

(60,000) 

- 

26,200  

255,750  

31,585 

14,000 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

488,353 
391,191 

488,353 
391,191 

(51,634) 
- 

436,719 
391,191 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,518,651) 

(3,370,275) 

(57,962) 

26,200  

255,750  

31,585 

14,000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(1,518,651) 

(3,370,275) 

(57,962) 

26,200  

255,750  

31,585 

14,000 

16,183,870 

26,200 

6,599,174 

(23,505,513) 

(696,269) 

(323,472) 

(1,019,741) 

The following describes the nature and purpose of each reserve within total equity: 

Share capital 
Share premium 
Warrant reserve 

Merger reserve 

Amount subscribed for share capital at nominal value. 
Amount subscribed for share capital in excess of nominal value. 
The  warrant  reserve  represents  warrants  issued  as  part  of  the  Equity  Financing 
Facility (see note 20). 
The  merger  reserve  arose  on  the  reverse  takeover  in  2005  of  Provexis  Natural 
Products  Limited  (formerly  Provexis  Limited)  by  Provexis  plc  through  a  share  for 
share exchange and on the issue of shares for the acquisition  of SiS (Science in 
Sport) Limited in 2011. 

Retained earnings  Cumulative  net  gains  and  losses  recognised  in  the  consolidated  statement  of 

comprehensive income. 

23. Pension costs 
The pension charge represents contributions payable by the Group to independently administered funds which 
for continuing operations during the year ended 31 March 2014 amounted to £7,624 (2013, restated: £1,552). 
Pension  contributions  payable  but  not  yet  paid  at  31  March  2014  totalled  £3,871,  in  respect  of  pension 
contribution entitlements where employees had not yet provided details of the funds to which the contributions 
should be made (2013: £9,057). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements continued 

24. Operating lease commitments 
Future minimum rentals payable under non-cancellable operating leases are as follows: 

Due within 1 year 
Due between 1 year and 2 years 
Due between 2 years and 5 years 

31 March 
2014 
£ 

8,151 
- 
- 
8,151 

31 March 
2013 
£ 

189,403 
151,342 
186,762 
527,507 

Operating lease payments  primarily represent rentals  payable by the Group for various offices. The leases 
have various terms, escalation clauses and renewal rights typical of lease agreements for the class of asset. 

25. Related party transactions 
On  1  June  2010  the  Company  announced  a  long-term  Alliance  Agreement  with  DSM  Nutritional  Products, 
which has seen the Company collaborate with DSM to develop Fruitflow® in all major global markets. DSM 
has invested substantially in the manufacture, technology development, marketing and sale of Fruitflow® since 
the Alliance Agreement was signed. Provexis continues to contribute scientific expertise and is collaborating 
in areas such as cost of goods optimisation and regulatory matters. The financial model is based upon the 
division of profits between the two partners on an agreed basis, linked to certain revenue targets, following the 
deduction of the cost of goods and a fixed level of overhead from sales. The Company is working closely with 
DSM  in  various  areas  of  the  project.  It  is  not  possible  to  determine  the  financial  impact  of  the  Alliance 
Agreement at this time. 

DSM is classified as a related party of the Group in accordance with IAS 24 as it holds shares in the Group. 
Further, K Rietveld is a director of the Company, and a senior employee of DSM. The directors of Provexis 
(the  "Directors"),  having  consulted  with  Cenkos  Securities  Limited  ("Cenkos  Securities"),  the  Company's 
nominated  adviser,  consider  that  the  terms  of  the  Alliance  Agreement  are  fair  and  reasonable  insofar  as 
Provexis's shareholders are concerned. In providing advice to the Directors, Cenkos Securities has taken into 
account the Directors' commercial assessments. 

Revenue recognised by the Group under agreements with DSM amounted to £3,967 (2013: £34,351). At 31 
March 2014 the Group was owed £Nil (2013: £23,009) by DSM. 

Key management compensation 
The directors represent the key management personnel. Details of their compensation and share options are 
given in note 6 and within the Remuneration report on pages 16 to 18. 

26. Post balance sheet events 
On 23 April 2014 the Group announced that it had raised net proceeds of £45,403 by drawing down on its 
Equity Financing Facility with Darwin Strategic Limited. 

Under  the  terms  of  the  Equity  Financing  Facility  agreement  the  Company  allotted  7,000,000  new  ordinary 
shares of 0.1p each to Darwin Strategic Limited which were admitted to AIM on 29 April 2014. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Parent company balance sheet 

Company number 05102907 

Fixed assets 
Investments 

Current assets 
Debtors - due within one year 
Debtors - due after one year 
Total debtors 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Total current assets and net current assets 

Total assets 

Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year 

Net assets 

Capital and reserves 
Share capital 
Share premium reserve 
Warrant reserve 
Retained earnings 
Equity shareholders’ funds 

As at  
31 March  
2014  
£ 

As at 
31 March  
2013  
£ 

Notes 

3 

4 
4 

5 

7 
8 
8 
9 
9 

- 

7,035,336 

61,200 
- 
61,200 
350,102 
411,302 

57,962 
1,337,898 
1,395,860 
450,591 
1,846,451 

411,302 

8,881,787 

- 

- 

411,302 

8,881,787 

1,554,816 
16,183,870 
26,200 
(17,353,584) 
411,302 

5,134,170 
20,769,423 
60,000 
(17,081,806) 
8,881,787 

These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board on 20 August 2014. 
The notes on pages 56 to 59 form part of these parent company financial statements. 

Ian Ford 
Director 
On behalf of the Board of Provexis plc 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

55 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the parent company financial statements 

1. Accounting policies 
The  parent  company  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  under  the  historical  cost  convention  and  in 
accordance with applicable United Kingdom Accounting Standards. 

Going concern 
The  going  concern  basis  has  been  applied  in  preparing  the  parent  company  financial  statements  for  the 
reasons identified and disclosed in note 1 to the consolidated financial statements.  

Share-based employee remuneration 
The Company has no employees however the Company will issue shares to satisfy share awards made by its 
subsidiary companies. The Company records a management charge equivalent to the fair value of the share-
based payment incurred by its subsidiaries as disclosed in note 8. 

Taxation 
Current tax, including UK corporation tax is provided at amounts expected to be paid (or recovered) using the 
tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. 

Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed 
by the balance sheet date, except that the recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that the 
Company anticipates making sufficient taxable profits in  the future to absorb the reversal of the underlying 
timing differences. Deferred tax balances are not discounted. 

Valuation of investments 
Investments are stated at cost less any provision for impairment. Profits or losses arising from disposals of 
fixed asset investments are treated as part of the result from ordinary activities. 

Warrants 
The Group has issued  warrants to  Darwin  Strategic  Limited  as part of the Equity  Financing Facility. These 
warrants have been measured at fair value at the date of grant using an appropriate options  pricing model. 
This fair value  has  been  held on  the balance  sheet  within  prepayments and  in the  warrants reserve  within 
equity. The prepayment will be released against share premium as the equity financing facility is utilised. The 
warrants reserve will be released to share premium when the warrants are exercised. If the warrants lapse 
then the reserve is transferred to retained earnings. 

Post balance sheet events 
Details of post balance sheet events relevant to the parent company are included in note 26 to the consolidated 
financial statements.  

2. Profit attributable to shareholders 
As permitted by Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 no separate Company profit and loss account has 
been included in these financial statements. The Group loss for the year includes a loss after tax of £662,969 
(2013: £6,446,663) which is dealt with in the financial statements of the Company. The total fees of the Group’s 
auditor, Chantrey Vellacott DFK LLP, for services provided are analysed in note 4 to the consolidated financial 
statements. Total fees for the year were £13,000 (2013: £15,000). 

The parent company  did not have any employees  in  the  year  and therefore there  were  no  payroll costs or 
pension costs (2013: Nil). 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the parent company financial statements continued 

3. Investments 

Cost at start of year 
Demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) Limited 
Provision for impairment 
Net book value 

31 March 
2014 
£ 

7,035,336 
(7,035,336) 
- 
- 

31 March  
2013 
£ 

8,418,255 
- 
(1,382,919) 
7,035,336 

At 31 March 2013 the Company owned the following material subsidiary undertakings: 

Share of issued 
ordinary share 
capital, and voting 
rights 

Country of 
incorporation and 
operation 

Business activity 

Provexis Nutrition Limited 

100% 

England and Wales 

Provexis Natural Products Limited 

100% 

England and Wales 

Provexis (IBD) Limited 

75% 

England and Wales 

Functional food, 
medical food and 
dietary supplement 
technologies 
Functional food, 
medical food and 
dietary supplement 
technologies 
Functional food, 
medical food and 
dietary supplement 
technologies 

There are no significant restrictions on the ability of subsidiary undertakings to transfer funds to the parent, 
other than those imposed by the Companies Act 2006. 

4. Debtors 

Debtors falling due within one year 
Prepayments 
Total debtors falling due within one year 

Debtors falling due after one year 
Amounts owed by subsidiaries 
Total debtors falling due after one year 

31 March 
2014 
£ 

61,200 
61,200 

31 March 
2013 
£ 

57,962 
57,962 

- 
- 

1,337,898 
1,337,898 

Total debtors 

61,200 

1,395,860 

5. Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash at bank and in hand 

31 March 
2014 
£ 

350,102 
350,102 

 31 March 
2013 
£ 

450,591 
450,591 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the parent company financial statements continued 

6. Deferred tax 
Deferred tax assets amounting to £54,171 (2013: £59,331) have not been recognised on the basis that their 
future economic benefit is not certain. 

7. Share capital 
Allotted, called up and fully paid 

At 31 March 2013 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- issue redeemable shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- issue Science in Sport Cancellation Shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- redeem redeemable shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- cancel deferred shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- cancel Science in Sport Cancellation Shares 
Issued on subscription - equity financing facility 
Issued for equity financing facility fee 
Issued on exercise of share options 
At 31 March 2014 

At 31 March 2013 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- issue redeemable shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- issue Science in Sport Cancellation Shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- redeem redeemable shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- cancel deferred shares 
Demerger  of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- cancel Science in Sport Cancellation Shares 
Issued on subscription - equity financing facility 
Issued for equity financing facility fee 
Issued on exercise of share options 
At 31 March 2014 

Allotted, called up and fully paid 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 

number 

number 

1,518,650,979 

401,724,366 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

31,000,000 
3,414,635 
1,750,000 
1,554,815,614 

- 

- 

- 

(401,724,366) 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 

£ 

£ 

1,518,651 

3,615,519 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

31,000 
3,415 
1,750 
1,554,816 

- 

- 

- 

(3,615,519) 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

Science in 
Sport 0.1p 
Cancellation 
Shares 
number 

Redeemable 
£1 shares 

Total 

number 

number 

- 

- 

- 

1,920,375,345 

50,000 

50,000 

1,518,650,979 

- 

1,518,650,979 

- 

- 

(1,518,650,979) 

- 
- 
- 
- 

Science in 
Sport 0.1p 
Cancellation 
Shares 
£ 

- 

- 

(50,000) 

(50,000) 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

(401,724,366) 

(1,518,650,979) 

31,000,000 
3,414,635 
1,750,000 
1,554,815,614 

Redeemable 
£1 shares 

Total 

£ 

- 

50,000 

£ 

5,134,170 

50,000 

1,518,651 

- 

1,518,651 

- 

- 

(1,518,651) 

- 
- 
- 
- 

(50,000) 

(50,000) 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

(3,615,519) 

(1,518,651) 

31,000 
3,415 
1,750 
1,554,816 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
Number 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
number 

Total 

number 

At 31 March 2012 
Issued on exercise of share options 
Issued on subscription - equity financing facility 
At 31 March 2013 

1,469,832,215 
4,000,000 
44,818,764 
1,518,650,979 

401,724,366 
- 
- 
401,724,366 

1,871,556,581 
4,000,000 
44,818,764 
1,920,375,345 

At 31 March 2012 
Issued on exercise of share options 
Issued on subscription - equity financing facility 
At 31 March 2013 

Ordinary 
0.1p shares 
£ 

Deferred 
0.9p shares 
£ 

1,469,833 
4,000 
44,818 
1,518,651 

3,615,519 
- 
- 
3,615,519 

Total 

£ 

5,085,352 
4,000 
44,818 
5,134,170 

Details of the share subscriptions, share placings, and the shares issued by the Company during the two years 
ended 31 March 2014 are given in note 20 to the consolidated financial statements. 

Details on the share option scheme and share based payment charge for the year are given in note 21 to the 
consolidated financial statements. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the parent company financial statements continued 

8. Reserves 

At 1 April 2013 
Retained loss for the year 
Share-based charges 
Demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- issue SiS cancellation shares 
Demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) 
- transfer to Science in Sport plc 
Warrants cancelled during the period - equity financing facility 
Warrants issued during the period - equity financing facility 
Issue of shares - equity financing facility 11 September 2013 
Issue of shares - equity financing facility fee 11 September 2013 
Issue of shares - share options exercised 22 November 2013 
At 31 March 2014 

9. Shareholders’ funds 
Reconciliation of movement in shareholders’ funds 

Share 
premium 
reserve 
£ 

20,769,423 
- 
- 

(1,518,651) 

(3,370,275) 

2,038 
- 
255,750  
31,585 
14,000 
16,183,870 

Warrant 
reserve 

Retained 
earnings 

£ 

£ 

60,000 
- 
- 

(17,081,806) 
(662,969) 
391,191 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(60,000) 
26,200 
- 
- 
- 
26,200 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(17,353,584) 

Loss for year 
Share-based payment charge (note 21) 
Shares issued during the year 
Demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) - issue SiS cancellation shares 
Demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) - cancel deferred shares 
Demerger of SiS (Science in Sport) - transfer to Science in Sport plc 
Premium on shares issued 
Warrants cancelled during the period - equity financing facility 
Warrants issued during the period - equity financing facility 
Net decrease in shareholders’ funds 
Opening shareholders’ funds 
Closing shareholders’ funds 

31 March 
2014 
£ 

31 March 
2013 
£ 

(662,969) 
391,191 
36,165 
(1,518,651) 
(3,615,519) 
(3,370,275) 
301,335 
(57,962) 
26,200 
(8,470,485) 
8,881,787 
411,302 

(6,446,663) 
179,283 
48,818 
- 
- 
- 
770,591 
- 
- 
(5,447,971) 
14,329,758 
8,881,787 

10. Related party transactions 
The Company has taken advantage of the exemption conferred by Financial Reporting Standard 8 “Related 
party disclosures” not to disclose transactions with 100% owned members of the Group headed Provexis plc 
on the grounds that 100% of the voting rights of the Company are controlled within that Group. 

Provexis (IBD) Limited is 75% owned by Provexis plc and 25% owned by The University of Liverpool. 

Provexis plc wholly owns Provexis Nutrition Limited, and Provexis Natural Products Limited. Provexis Nutrition 
Limited,  Provexis  Natural  Products  Limited,  and  Provexis  (IBD)  Limited  are  under  the  common  control  of 
Provexis plc. 

The Company did not trade with Provexis (IBD) Limited during the year ended 31 March 2014 (2013: Nil). At 
31 March 2014 the Company was owed £5,509 by Provexis (IBD) Limited (31 March 2013: owed £5,509). 

Provexis (IBD) Limited does not have a bank account, and all its cash accounting transactions during the year 
were  processed  by  Provexis  plc  and  Provexis  Natural  Products  Limited  (“Provexis  group  companies”). 
Amounts  transacted  by  Provexis  (IBD)  Limited  with  Provexis  group  companies  are  charged  through  inter 
company accounts and the net amount transacted during the year was £206,533 (2013: £212,426). Provexis 
(IBD) Limited owed Provexis group companies and Provexis Nutrition limited a total of £2,174,643 at 31 March 
2014 (31 March 2013: owed £1,968,110). Provisions of £2,174,643 (2013: £1,968,110) have been recognised 
in the accounts of Provexis group companies and Provexis Nutrition Limited. 

Details of a related party transaction with DSM are given in note 25 to the consolidated financial statements. 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company information 

Company number 

05102907 

Directors 

Audit committee 

Registrars 

Secretary and registered office 

Nominated adviser and broker  

Principal solicitors 

Auditors 

C D Buck 
K Rietveld 
I Ford 

C D Buck 
K Rietveld 

Equiniti Limited 
Aspect House 
Spencer Road 
Lancing 
West Sussex BN99 6DA 

I Ford 
Prospect House 
58 Queens Road 
Reading 
Berkshire RG1 4RP 

Cenkos Securities plc 
6.7.8 Tokenhouse Yard 
London EC2R 7AS 

Shoosmiths 
Apex Plaza 
Forbury Road 
Reading 
Berkshire RG1 1SH 

Chantrey Vellacott DFK LLP 
Prospect House 
Queens Road 
Reading 
Berkshire RG1 4RP 

Provexis plc Annual report and accounts 2014 

60