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Rayonier

ryn · NYSE Real Estate
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Employees 201-500
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FY2020 Annual Report · Rayonier
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2020 Annual Report

 
 
 
 
 
Financial Highlights
(Dollars in millions)

Sales & Earnings
Sales
Pro Forma Revenue (Sales)(a)
Operating Income
Pro Forma Operating Income(a)
Net Income attributable to Rayonier, L.P.
Net Income attributable to Rayonier Inc.
Pro Forma Net Income(a)

Adjusted EBITDA By Segment (b)
Southern Timber
Pacific Northwest Timber
New Zealand Timber
Timber Funds
Real Estate
Trading
(–) Corporate/Other

Total Adjusted EBITDA

Cash Flow
Cash provided by Operating Activities
Cash Available for Distribution(b)

Debt & Debt Ratios
Debt (excluding Timber Funds)(c)
Cash (excluding Timber Funds)
Net Debt
Net Debt to Enterprise Value(d)

2020 Annual Report 
2020 Annual Report 

//  
//  

Page 01
Page 01

 2020 

 2019 

 2018 

$  859.2
720.4
74.4
82.3
37.6
37.1
33.5

$  109.1
37.1
55.0
1.8
91.4
(0.5)
(26.6)

$  267.4

$  711.6
711.6
107.0
107.0
59.1
59.1
59.1

$  119.7
16.7
75.8
—
59.5
—
(23.9)

$  816.1
816.1
170.1
170.1
102.2
102.2
102.2

$  102.8
40.9
90.8
—
123.4
1.0
(21.1)

$  247.8

$  337.7

$  204.2
162.4

$  214.3
149.4

$  310.1
240.1

$ 1,294.9
80.5
1,214.4

$ 1,057.0
68.7
988.3

$  975.0
148.4
826.6

23%

19%

19%

(a)  These non-GAAP measures are defined and reconciled on page 9.
(b) Adjusted EBITDA and Cash Available for Distribution (CAD) are non-GAAP measures defined and reconciled on pages 53 and 54, 

respectively, within this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(c) Total debt as of December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 reflects the principal on long-term debt, net of fair market value adjustments 

and gross of deferred financing costs of $2.5 million, $1.9 million and $2.4 million, respectively. 

(d) Enterprise value based on equity market capitalization (including Rayonier, L.P. units) plus net debt based on Rayonier Inc.’s share 

price at year-end. 
(e) Excludes Timber Funds.

Adjusted EBITDA(b)
(Dollars in millions) 

Total Harvest(e)
(Tons in millions) 

CAD(b)
(Dollars in millions) 

$360

270

180

90

–

12

9

6

3

–

$280

210

140

70

–

2018

2019

2020

2018

2019

2020

2018

2019

2020

 
 
 
Page 02 

//  

Rayonier Inc.

David L. Nunes

President and 
Chief Executive Officer

Dear Fellow
Shareholders:

As I reflect on 2020, first and foremost, I want to thank our employ-
ees, contractors and customers. Their hard work, collaboration and 
resilience  amid  unprecedented  circumstances  were  inspiring,  and 
ultimately allowed us to deliver strong financial results despite the 
myriad  challenges  we  faced  due  to  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  Our 
team quickly adapted to these challenges and truly exemplified the 
power  of  our  culture,  which  stresses  an  ownership  mindset  and 
pushes  decision  making  down  within  the  organization.  Our  strong 
performance in 2020 further reflects the quality and diversity of our 
assets,  which  allowed  us  to  capitalize  on  various  domestic  and 
export  market  opportunities  as  well  as  an  unanticipated  surge  in 
real estate demand during the pandemic-fueled market volatility we 
experienced throughout the year. 

Stepping back to early 2020, we were beginning to see many states 
and  municipalities  shift  to  shelter-in-place  mandates.  Due  in  no 
small  part  to  the  extraordinary  demand  for  basic  supplies  such  as 
toilet  paper,  the  forest  products  sector  was  deemed  an  essential 
industry by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. This distinction 
allowed  us  to  continue  to  operate,  but  also  necessitated  the 
rapid  development  of  enhanced  safety  protocols  to  protect  our 
employees, contractors and customers. Meanwhile, the New Zealand 
government took a different approach, and our operations there were 
effectively shut down for over a month during the first half of the year. 
Fortunately, we have come a long way since last March and April, as 
we are seeing strong demand within both our U.S. and New Zealand 
markets  fueled  by  a  combination  of  domestic  construction  activity 
and export demand.

Still, as we sit here today, working from home, and for most of us, 
waiting for a vaccine shot, we are reminded of the tremendous toll 
of  this  pandemic.  In  addition  to  the  tragic  loss  of  life,  it  has  also 
caused  significant  damage  to  the  global  economy,  as  well  as  the 
local economies of the communities where we operate. While there 
is still much work left to bring the virus under control and to repair 
the economic fallout from COVID-19, we are increasingly optimistic 
that the vaccine rollout during the first half of 2021 will help support a 
gradual return to some semblance of normalcy for the economy and 
society as a whole.

2020 Annual Report 

//  

Page 03

2020 in Review

Full-year 2020 net income attributable to Rayonier was $37 million, 
or $0.27 per share, which included the impact of a Large Disposition, 
costs related to the merger with Pope Resources, and timber write-offs 
resulting from casualty events. Excluding these items, pro-forma net 
income was $33.5 million, or $0.25 per share, which compares to net 
income attributable to Rayonier of $59 million, or $0.46 per share, in 
2019. Our total Adjusted EBITDA in 2020 was $267 million, 8% higher 
than the prior year total of $248 million. Higher Adjusted EBITDA from 
our  Real  Estate  and  Pacific  Northwest  Timber  segments  more  than 
offset  lower  Adjusted  EBITDA  from  our  Southern  Timber  and  New 
Zealand Timber segments, as our businesses adapted to the challenges 
posed  by  the  pandemic.  Full-year  Cash  Available  for  Distribution 
(CAD) was $162 million in 2020, representing a 9% increase from the 
$149 million of CAD we generated in 2019. 

Notwithstanding  the  multitude  of  disruptions  associated  with  the 
COVID-19  pandemic,  each  of  our  three  timber  segments  performed 
well  in  2020.  In  our  Southern  Timber  segment,  Adjusted  EBITDA 
declined from the record year we had in 2019 due to lower non-timber 
income,  but  still  represented  the  second-highest  Adjusted  EBITDA 
result we have ever achieved. We were encouraged by the uptick in 
pricing  at  the  end  of  the  year  as  our  more  tensioned  log  markets 
benefited from record lumber prices. In the Pacific Northwest Timber 
segment, Adjusted EBITDA more than doubled versus 2019, bolstered 
by the partial year contribution from the Pope Resources acquisition as 
well as the sharp increase in log prices in the second half of the year 
driven  by  strong  domestic  demand.  New  Zealand  Timber  segment 
results declined versus the prior year due to challenging export market 
conditions and harvest deferrals stemming from the pandemic-related 
shutdown of the economy early in the year, offset partially by improved 
market  conditions  in  the  back  half  of  the  year.  Lastly,  Real  Estate 
segment  results  were  particularly  strong  based  on  an  increase  in 
sales  from  the  Wildlight  and  Richmond  Hill  Improved  Development 
projects as well as higher non-strategic timberland sales.

Closing and Integration of 
Pope Resources Acquisition

Closing and integrating the acquisition of Pope Resources (Pope) was 
one  of  our  key  priorities  for  the  year.  We  announced  a  definitive 
merger  agreement  with  Pope  on  January  15,  2020,  concluding  an 
on-again,  off-again  effort  that  spanned  multiple  years.  Our  Board, 
noting  how  often  corporate  mergers  don’t  work  out  as  planned, 
challenged us to develop a comprehensive integration process that 
would  blend  the  best  attributes  of  both  organizations.  Despite 
unexpected  challenges  imposed  by  the  COVID-19  outbreak,  the 
closing occurred ahead of schedule on May 8th. Teams from both 
Rayonier  and  Pope,  working  almost  entirely  remotely,  developed 
and implemented an integration plan that allowed us to select the 
best  systems  and  processes  across  both  organizations  to  deploy 
going forward, as well as tap into the regional expertise of Pope’s 
personnel.  We  brought  across  the  majority  of  Pope’s  people,  and 
successfully  mixed  expertise  from  both  organizations  to  create  a 
stronger combined team. 

The  Pope  acquisition  added  124,000  acres  of  high-quality  western 
Washington timberlands to our portfolio, bringing our ownership in the 
region to just over 500,000 acres. With a complementary age-class fit 
to our existing portfolio, these lands increased our Pacific Northwest 
sustainable yield by 32% and increased our proportion of Douglas-fir 
merchantable timber inventory from 60% to 68%. We also now have 
a higher proportion of ground-based logging given the more gentle 
terrain  of  Pope’s  timberlands  relative  to  our  existing  portfolio.  In 
addition to lowering our average harvest costs and thereby improving 
our cash flow metrics, these lands are located in strong log markets 
that provide for greater operational flexibility in the future.

In addition to its high-quality timberland assets, the Pope acquisition 
included a complementary real estate business, which is well regarded 
in the west Puget Sound region of Washington. With a diverse portfolio 
of 2,000 acres, we envision Pope’s real estate business not only providing 
additional scale and diversity to our existing real estate platform, but 
also contributing additional management expertise. 

Page 04 

//  

Rayonier Inc.

We remain intensely focused on active portfolio management with the 
objective of continuously improving our land base and long-term 
financial profile through both addition and subtraction.

Continuously Improving Our Portfolio

Pope’s subsidiary Olympic Resource Management included a private 
equity timber fund business with 141,000 acres of timberlands under 
management in Washington, Oregon and California. We continue to 
evaluate strategic alternatives for this business, as we do not view it 
as a good strategic fit for Rayonier longer term.

Overall, we are encouraged by the benefits that have already started 
to  accrue  from  the  Pope  transaction.  Looking  forward,  we  believe 
that our increased operational flexibility and market reach within the 
Pacific  Northwest,  the  attractive  Pope  real  estate  portfolio,  and 
the  addition  of  a  strong  team  of  talented  professionals  will  all 
contribute to our future cash flow growth.

Role of Active 
Portfolio Management 

While the Pope Resources acquisition underscored the role of external 
growth  for  Rayonier,  it’s  important  to  note  that  we  don’t  believe  in 
growth  for  growth’s  sake.  Rather,  we  remain  intensely  focused  on 
active  portfolio  management  with  the  objective  of  continuously 
improving our land base and long-term financial profile through both 
addition and subtraction. We believe active portfolio management, if 
done well, can create alpha for our investors as we work to optimize 
our assets and growth profile. 

Our  portfolio  management  moves  in  2020  highlighted  this  mindset. 
During  the  first  quarter,  we  completed  the  sale  of  our  remaining 
67,000  acres  in  Mississippi  for  net  proceeds  of  $116  million.  While 
these  properties  were  highly  productive,  we  ultimately  decided  to 
exit Mississippi based on our limited operating scale as well as the 
significant overhang of merchantable timber inventory in this market, 
which  we  believe  will  translate  to  limited  log  price  appreciation  for 
the  foreseeable  future.  During  2020,  we  also  sold  20,000  acres  of 
scattered, low-quality parcels in Alabama and Georgia for $19 million. 
Collectively, the proceeds from these transactions helped to fund the 
cash portion of the Pope acquisition, which we believe represents a 
better deployment of capital for our shareholders. 

On balance, we grew the size of our timberland portfolio by 29,000 
acres in 2020 (excluding the impact of the Pope private equity timber 
fund business). While the absolute growth in our acreage was fairly 
modest, we believe we are entering 2021 with a materially stronger, 
more valuable and better-positioned portfolio that will both generate 
more cash flow and provide enhanced optionality going forward. As 
such, we believe this past year represents active portfolio manage-
ment at its best. 

Adding Value from Our 
Real Estate Portfolio 

Our real estate business is focused on optimizing our portfolio value by 
identifying and selling rural and higher and better use (HBU) development 
properties at strong premiums to timberland values. We pursue a variety 
of strategies designed to maximize HBU values, and we have a dedicated 
team of real estate professionals that continuously evaluates our portfolio 
and identifies and executes on opportunities to unlock value. With the 
acquisition of Pope, we further augmented both our real estate team as 
well as our portfolio of HBU properties. We believe that our focus on 
extracting  HBU  premiums  from  our  portfolio  through  opportunistic 
real  estate  sales  and  other  value-added  activities  differentiates  us 
from our peers and is a key component of our mission to generate 
industry-leading financial returns.

The mainstay of our real estate business is selling rural HBU parcels to 
neighboring landowners or buyers acquiring the land for residential or 
recreational use, which typically involves no entitlement changes or 
capital spending to upgrade the properties. In some cases, however, 
we will transfer larger parcels to one of our taxable REIT subsidiaries 
and make modest investments to improve the appeal of such properties. 
We will also selectively invest in entitlements to add value to parcels that 
have the potential for higher density development, and then subsequently 
monetize  those  properties  as  Unimproved  Development  sales.  In  very 
select situations, particularly where we have a large contiguous ownership, 
such  as  with  our  Wildlight  project  north  of  Jacksonville,  FL  and  our 
Richmond Hill project south of Savannah, GA, we may elect to develop 
an entitled property to catalyze downstream absorption and add value 
to our neighboring land holdings. 

2020 Annual Report 

//  

Page 05

Our strong performance in 2020 reflects the quality and diversity 
of our assets, which allowed us to capitalize on various domestic 
and export market opportunities as well as an unanticipated 
surge in real estate demand during the pandemic-fueled 
market volatility we experienced throughout the year.

Page 06 

//  

Rayonier Inc.

We believe that our focus on extracting HBU premiums from 
our portfolio through opportunistic real estate sales and other 
value-added activities differentiates us from our peers and is 
a key component of our mission to generate industry-leading 
financial returns.

2020 Annual Report 

//  

Page 07

Rayonier welcomes the increased ESG scrutiny placed on the business community. We have long 
recognized the important role we play as a responsible steward of the environment, the lands 
we own and operate, and the communities we call home. 

Focus on Responsible Stewardship

Notably, the COVID-19 pandemic has generated increased demand for 
rural properties as the space, privacy and recreational opportunities 
offered by these properties are attracting buyers. In addition, we have 
seen increased demand for entitled raw land and finished lots within 
our  suburban  Improved  Development  projects,  as  single-family 
residential construction activity has picked up due to both improved 
affordability driven by low interest rates and COVID-related demand 
trends shifting away from urban markets. 

Our Wildlight project, which is part of a 24,000-acre entitlement, has 
benefited  from  these  trends  and  continues  to  gain  encouraging 
momentum. In February 2021, PulteGroup announced it will build a 
Del Webb community on 226 acres it will purchase within Wildlight this 
year. The Del Webb community will consist of up to 660 single-family 
homes  designed  for  active  adults  aged  55  and  older.  Additionally, 
Publix  Super  Markets  recently  announced  that  it  will  be  building  a 
grocery  store  at  Wildlight  Crossings,  a  new  90,000-square-foot 
multi-tenant  commercial  center  at  the  gateway  to  the  project.  We 
are  also  working  with  developers  on  introducing  new  multifamily 
options  within  the  project,  which  we  expect  will  benefit  from  the 
completion of a newly designed I-95 interchange and the widening 
of the project’s main access road, East State Road 200.

Activity at our Richmond Hill project, consisting of 20,000 acres, is also 
picking  up  with  the  recent  opening  of  a  new  I-95  interchange  that 
separates the Belfast Commerce Park and the mixed-use portions of 
the project. With the interchange now open and existing rail access 
to the Port of Savannah, we expect that the Belfast Commerce Park will 
be substantially sold out by the end of this year, well ahead of our initial 
underwriting  projections.  An  expanded  K-12  school  campus  is  also 
taking shape on land donated by Rayonier, with a middle school and 
elementary school now open and a high school under construction. 
These important amenities, along with other publicly funded infrastructure, 
will help to stimulate demand for the residential and commercial portions 
of this project. Against this backdrop, we expect to begin developing our 
first phase of residential lots this year and are very excited about the 
long-term prospects for this project. 

As  our  catalytic  real  estate  investments  have  taken  shape  and 
demand  trends  have  shifted  toward  rural  and  amenity-oriented 

suburban  communities  in  the  wake  of  the  COVID  pandemic,  I  am 
increasingly  optimistic  about  the  future  prospects  for  our  real 
estate  business.  We  are  proud  of  the  differentiation  provided  by 
the people and assets in our real estate segment, and view this as 
a meaningful contributor to Rayonier’s future success.

Increasing Focus on ESG 

Both  public  and  private  companies  in  the  U.S.  have  experienced  a 
growing interest in, and scrutiny of, Environmental, Social and Governance 
(ESG) practices by a multitude of stakeholders. This has come about from 
a variety of sources, including an increased awareness of the risks posed 
by global climate change, the expanded presence and influence exerted 
by passive investors, the growth and increasing influence of European 
investors,  and  more  recently,  the  growing  social  justice  movement 
following the death of George Floyd and others. Together, these factors 
have led corporate boards and management teams to more carefully 
reflect on their ESG values and to adopt a more holistic view of their ESG 
practices, strategies and disclosures.

Rayonier welcomes the increased ESG scrutiny placed on the business 
community. We have long recognized the important role we play as 
a  responsible  steward  of  the  environment,  the  lands  we  own  and 
operate, and the communities we call home. As a natural resource 
company that has operated its lands dating back nearly a century, and 
with the acquisition of Pope Resources, dating back to the mid-1800s, 
we think we’ve learned a few things about managing sustainably to 
protect  the  interests  of  all  our  stakeholders.  We’ve  also  borrowed 
heavily from our 29 years of experience in New Zealand, where the 
Māori  term  “Kaitiakitanga,”  which  translates  to  guardianship  and 
protection, embraces the concepts of ESG and the broader duty of 
care with respect to people, the land and our business. Our strategic 
planning efforts look out over multiple future rotations of trees within 
our forests, taking us well into the next century. As we bring this very 
long-term mindset to managing our forestry assets, we also approach 
our business with the long-term interests of all our stakeholders at 
heart. Our culture is built around creating long-term value, and is in 
turn  reinforced  by  well-aligned  measurement  systems  and  high 
ownership requirements for our senior leadership team.

Page 08 

//  

Rayonier Inc.

Our  mission  of  providing  industry-leading  financial  returns  to  our 
shareholders while serving as a responsible steward of our lands is 
well aligned with the holistic approach embodied by greater adherence 
to  ESG  principles.  Furthermore,  our  long-term  vision  of  having  the 
best-in-class assets, operations, disclosure and transparency, while 
being  the  preferred  employer  for  forestry  and  land  management 
professionals  and  the  preferred  timberland  investment  vehicle  for 
institutional  investors,  also  exemplifies  our  balanced  approach  to 
addressing the interests of multiple stakeholders.

Since emerging as a pure-play timberland REIT following the spin-off 
of the Performance Fibers business in 2014, we have sought to lead 
the sector in transparent disclosure of our operations and financial 
results.  To  this  end,  we  provide  greater  detail  on  the  nature  of  our 
merchantable  timber  inventory  and  sustainable  harvest  level.  We 
define our 11 million tons of sustainable harvest as the harvest level 
we can generate into perpetuity, and further provide this information 
for each of our three timber operating segments. Striving to continuously 
improve our processes and systems, we routinely analyze and review 
with our Board annual cut-out analyses on completed harvest blocks to 
test the accuracy of the projected harvest volume coming out of our 
timber  inventory  systems.  In  addition,  we  perform  annual  inventory 
verification  cruises,  which  capture  detailed  timber  stocking  data 
across thousands of sample plots, in order to validate our growth and 
yield  models  and  make  refinements  to  our  merchantable  timber 
inventory as needed. Collectively, we believe these practices, in concert 
with  third-party  certification,  provide  additional  validation  of  our 
sustainable land management practices. 

As  the  world  grapples  with  the  potential  impacts  of  climate  change, 
there is a greater recognition of the role trees play in combatting the 
effects of carbon emissions through photosynthesis and the sequestration 
of  atmospheric  carbon  in  downstream  wood  products.  Recently,  we 
released our first comprehensive carbon report (accessible by visiting 
our Responsible Stewardship webpage), which discloses the 732 million 
metric tons of carbon stored across our land base at the end of 2019. In 
addition, it breaks down the 5.7 million metric tons of carbon that we 
sequestered  in  2019  after  netting  out  the  carbon  emitted  from  our 
operations  (including  Scope  1,  2  and  3  emissions)  and  the  carbon 
removed from our forests and transferred to our customers. The report 
further details a life-cycle analysis of the carbon that continues to be 
stored in downstream forest products over the next century based upon 
the various products produced by our customers. This analysis illustrates 
the  increasing  amount  of  carbon  sequestered  in  downstream  forest 
products over multiple rotations, which is ultimately additive to the 
carbon  collectively  sequestered  across  our  ownership.  We  believe 
this is the most extensive carbon report produced to date detailing 
the role that sustainably managed working forests play as part of a 
natural climate solution, and further underscores our commitment to 
sector-leading transparency and disclosure.

practices and strategies. This document is intended to demonstrate 
the  full  spectrum  of  Rayonier’s  ESG  efforts  as  well  as  underscore 
both our holistic approach and long-term commitment to ESG initiatives 
as part of our broader mission. 

Well Positioned for Long 
Term Cash Flow Growth 

This past year presented some unprecedented challenges for Rayonier. 
But it also highlighted the strength of our culture and the resilience of 
our people in how we responded to these challenges and how we’ve 
positioned  the  company  for  future  success.  We  remain  steadfastly 
committed  to  achieving  our  vision  of  having  best-in-class  assets, 
operations,  disclosure  and  transparency,  while  being  the  preferred 
employer  for  forestry  and  land  management  professionals  and  the 
preferred timberland investment vehicle for institutional investors. 

In the span of the past year, our Board has also undergone significant 
change. Last March, we were saddened by the death of our Chairman, 
Richard  Kincaid,  who  had  served  on  the  Board  since  2004  and  as 
Chairman since the spin-off of the Performance Fibers business in 2014. 
His  experience,  wisdom  and  judgment  have  been  missed  by  all  at 
Rayonier,  and  I  personally  have  missed  his  counsel  and  mentorship. 
Two  other  Directors,  Bernie  Lanigan  and  former  Senator  Blanche 
Lincoln, recently retired after serving on our Board since the spin-off. 
We wish them well and thank them for their multitude of contributions 
over the years. In their place, we have welcomed three new Directors, 
Ann  Nelson,  Meridee  Moore,  and  Matthew  Rivers,  who  bring  a 
complementary  blend  of  industry,  finance,  investment,  and  ESG 
expertise to our Board. We’re excited to have these new Directors on 
our Board, and have already benefited from their unique perspectives 
regarding Rayonier’s future.

Rayonier  has  a  well-diversified  portfolio  of  high  quality  commercial 
timberlands located in some of the strongest softwood timber markets 
in  the  world,  as  well  as  an  attractive  pipeline  of  HBU  real  estate 
opportunities.  Our  assets  provide  investors  with  both  durable  cash 
flow and an opportunity for long-term value growth. In addition, our 
conservative balance sheet and nimble approach to capital allocation 
position  us  to  capitalize  on  future  growth  opportunities.  Our  Board, 
leadership team and employees work hard to stay focused on growing 
long-term value per share, while also striving to deliver competitive 
short-term results and dividends. I would like to thank our entire team 
as well as our shareholders for your continued trust in our stewardship 
of  your  investment  in  Rayonier.  As  always,  we  welcome  your  input 
and feedback.

We will be releasing our first sustainability report since the spin-off 
later this year, which will provide additional details on our ESG goals, 

David L. Nunes 
President and Chief Executive Officer

2020 Annual Report 

//  

Page 09

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)

2020

2019

2018

PRO FORMA REVENUE (SALES)(a) 
Sales
Sales attributable to noncontrolling interest in Timber Funds
Large Dispositions(b)

Pro Forma Revenue (Sales)

PRO FORMA OPERATING INCOME(c)
Operating Income
Operating loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in 
Timber Funds
Costs related to the merger with Pope Resources(d)
Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events 
attributable to Rayonier Inc.(e)
Large Dispositions(b)

Pro Forma Operating Income

$ 859.2
(22.8)
(116.0)

$720.4

$  74.4

11.6
  17.2

7.9
(28.7)

$  82.3

$ 711.6
—
—

$ 711.6

$ 816.1
—
—

$ 816.1

$ 107.0

$ 170.1

—
—

—
—

—
—

—
—

$ 107.0

$ 170.1

PRO FORMA NET INCOME(f)

Net Income attributable to Rayonier Inc.
Costs related to the merger with Pope Resources(d)
Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events 
attributable to Rayonier Inc.(e)
Large Dispositions(b)

Per
diluted
share

 Per 
diluted 
share    

$  37.1
17.2

  $0.27
0.13

$  59.1
—

$ 0.46
—

$ 102.2
—

Per 
diluted 
share

$ 0.79
—

7.9
(28.7)

0.06
(0.21)

—
—

—
—

—
—

—
—

Pro Forma Net Income

$  33.5

$0.25

$  59.1

$ 0.46

$  102.2

$ 0.79

(a) Pro Forma Revenue (Sales) is defined as revenue (sales) adjusted for sales attributable to the noncontrolling interest in Timber Funds and Large Dispositions. Rayonier 
believes that this non-GAAP financial measure provides investors with useful information to evaluate our core business operations because it excludes specific items 
that are not indicative of ongoing operating results attributable to Rayonier Inc.

(b) “Large Dispositions” are defined as transactions involving the sale of timberland that exceed $20 million in size and do not have a demonstrable premium relative 

to timberland value.

(c) Pro Forma Operating Income is defined as operating income adjusted for operating loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in Timber Funds, costs related to 

the merger with Pope Resources, timber write-offs resulting from casualty events and Large Dispositions. Rayonier believes that this non-GAAP financial measure 
provides investors with useful information to evaluate our core business operations because it excludes specific items that are not indicative of ongoing operating 
results attributable to Rayonier Inc.

(d) “Costs related to the merger with Pope Resources” include legal, accounting, due diligence, consulting and other costs related to the merger with Pope Resources.

(e) “Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events” include the write-off of merchantable and pre-merchantable timber volume destroyed by casualty events which 

cannot be salvaged.

 (f)  Pro Forma Net Income is defined as net income attributable to Rayonier Inc. adjusted for costs related to the merger with Pope Resources, timber write-offs resulting 
from casualty events and Large Dispositions. Rayonier believes that this non-GAAP financial measure provides investors with useful information to evaluate our core 
business operations because it excludes specific items that are not indicative of ongoing operating results attributable to Rayonier Inc. 

Page 10 

//  

Rayonier Inc.

U.S. South 

Harvest Volume 
(Tons in thousands)

Adjusted EBITDA 
(Dollars in millions)

Adj. EBITDA/Ton 
(Dollars per ton)

»  Acreage: 1.73mm acres

»  Sustainable Yield:  
    5.9–6.3mm tons

»  Planted/Plantable: 67%

»  Average Site Index (1): 72 feet

U.S. Pacific 
Northwest 

»  Acreage: 507,000 acres

»  Sustainable Yield: 
1.8–1.9mm tons

»  Planted/Plantable: 77%

»  Average Site Index (2): 110 feet

7,000

5,600

4,200

2,800

1,400

–

$130

104

78

52

26

–

$25

20

15

10

5

–

2018

2019 2020

2018

2019 2020

2018

2019 2020

Harvest Volume 
(Tons in thousands)

Adjusted EBITDA 
(Dollars in millions)

Adj. EBITDA/Ton 
(Dollars per ton)

1,750

1,400

1,050

700

350

–

$45

36

27

18

9

–

$35

28

21

14

7

–

2018

2019 2020

2018

2019 2020

2018

2019 2020

Rayonier Timberland 
Acreage* Total:

507,000 Acres

U.S. Pacific Northwest

2.7 Million Acres

* Acreage as of 12/31/2020, 
  excluding “look-through” acres in Timber Funds business.

417,000 Acres

New Zealand 

(1) Site index reflects the average height of the dominant and codominant trees at a base age of 25.
(2) Site index reflects the average height of the dominant and codominant trees at a base age of 50.

 
2020 Annual Report 

//  

Page 11

New Zealand 

Harvest Volume 
(Tons in thousands)

Adjusted EBITDA 
(Dollars in millions)

Adj. EBITDA/Ton 
(Dollars per ton)

»  Acreage: 417,000 acres

»  Sustainable Yield:  
2.4–2.7mm tons

»  Planted/Plantable: 71%

»  Average Site Index (3): 94 feet

3,000

2,400

1,800

1,200

600

–

$100

80

60

40

20

–

$40

32

24

16

8

–

2018

2019 2020

2018

2019 2020

2018

2019 2020

Real Estate 

Acres Sold(4)  
(Acres in thousands)

Adjusted EBITDA(4) 
(Dollars in millions)

Price/Acre(5) 
(Dollars per acre)

»  Focused on Monetizing Higher- 
 and-Better-Use Timberlands

»  Active Development Projects: 

Wildlight, FL, Richmond Hill, GA 
and west Puget Sound area of WA

»  Land Use Entitlements 

for Future Growth

»  Conservation Easement 

Opportunities

50

40

30

20

10

–

$150

120

90

60

30

–

$5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

–

2018

2019 2020

2018

2019 2020

2018

2019 2020

1.73MM Acres

U.S. South 

(3) Site index reflects the average height of the dominant and codominant trees at a base age of 20.
(4) Excludes Large Dispositions.
(5) Excludes Large Dispositions, Improved Development and Conservation Easements.

507,000 Acres

U.S. Pacific Northwest

417,000 Acres

New Zealand 

Page 12 

//  

Rayonier Inc.

Sustainability and stewardship are critical to our long-term success and at the heart of everything we do. 
We are committed to managing our lands on a sustainable basis—being mindful of impacts to biodiversity, 
water, wildlife and surrounding communities. We look forward to sharing more details on our ESG practices 
and strategies in the sustainability report we will be releasing later this year.

Committed to Current and Future Generations

TM

FORM 10-K

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 FORM 10-K 

(Mark One)

☒

☐

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020

OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from 

 to 

TM

RAYONIER INC. 

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

North Carolina
(State or other Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

1-6780
(Commission File Number)

13-2607329
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

Rayonier, L.P.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(State or other Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(Commission File Number)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

Delaware

333-237246

91-1313292

1 RAYONIER WAY 
WILDLIGHT, FL 32097 
(Principal Executive Office)
Telephone Number: (904) 357-9100 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Title of each class

Common Shares, no par value, of Rayonier Inc.

Trading Symbol
RYN

Exchange
New York Stock Exchange

Rayonier, L.P.

Rayonier, L.P. 

Yes o       No  ☒

Yes ☒        No  o

Yes ☒        No  o

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Rayonier Inc.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. 
Rayonier Inc. 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during 
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements 
for the past 90 days.
Rayonier Inc. 
Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  has  submitted  electronically  every  Interactive  Data  File  required  to  be  submitted  pursuant  to  Rule  405  of 
Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Rayonier Inc. 
Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  is  a  large  accelerated  filer,  an  accelerated  filer,  a  non-accelerated  filer,  a  smaller  reporting  company,  or  an 
emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in 
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Yes ☒        No  o

Yes ☒        No  o

Yes ☒        No  o

Yes ☒        No  o

Yes o       No  ☒

Rayonier, L.P. 

Rayonier, L.P. 

Rayonier Inc.

Large Accelerated Filer

☒  Accelerated Filer ☐ Non-accelerated Filer ☐ Smaller Reporting Company

☐ Emerging Growth Company

☐

Rayonier, L.P.

Large Accelerated Filer

☐ Accelerated Filer ☐ Non-accelerated Filer ☒  Smaller Reporting Company

☐ Emerging Growth Company

☐

Rayonier, L.P. 

Rayonier, L.P. ☐

Yes  ☐        No  ☒ 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or 
revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Rayonier Inc. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Rayonier Inc. 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control 
over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C.7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its 
audit report.
Rayonier Inc. 
The aggregate market value of the Common Shares of the registrant held by non-affiliates at the close of business on June 30, 2020 was $3,361,710,977 
based on the closing sale price as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.
As of February 12, 2021, Rayonier Inc. had 137,827,110 Common Shares outstanding. As of February 12, 2021, Rayonier, L.P. had 4,279,141 Units 
outstanding.
Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with the 2021 annual meeting of 
the shareholders of the registrant scheduled to be held May 20, 2021, are incorporated by reference in Part III hereof.

Yes ☒        No  o

Yes  ☐        No  ☒ 

Yes ☐        No  ☒

Rayonier, L.P. 

EXPLANATORY NOTE

This report combines the annual reports on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 of Rayonier Inc., 
a  North  Carolina  corporation,  and  Rayonier,  L.P.,  a  Delaware  limited  partnership.  Unless  stated  otherwise  or  the 
context  otherwise  requires,  references  to  “Rayonier”  or  “the  Company”  mean  Rayonier  Inc.  and  references  to  the 
“Operating Partnership” mean Rayonier, L.P. References to  “we,” “us,” and “our” mean collectively Rayonier Inc., 
the  Operating  Partnership  and  entities/subsidiaries  owned  or  controlled  by  Rayonier  Inc.  and/or  the  Operating 
Partnership. 

Rayonier  Inc.  has  elected  to  be  taxed  as  a  real  estate  investment  trust,  or  REIT,  under  the  Internal  Revenue 
Code  of  1986,  as  amended,  commencing  with  its  taxable  year  ended  December  31,  2004.  The  Company  is 
structured  as  an  umbrella  partnership  REIT  (“UPREIT”)  under  which  substantially  all  of  its  business  is  conducted 
through the Operating Partnership. Rayonier Inc. is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership. On May 
8, 2020, Rayonier, L.P. acquired Pope Resources, a Delaware Limited Partnership (“Pope Resources”) and issued 
approximately 4.45 million operating partnership units (“OP Units” or “Redeemable Operating Partnership Units”) of 
Rayonier,  L.P.  as  partial  merger  consideration.  These  OP  Units  are  generally  considered  to  be  economic 
equivalents to Rayonier common shares and receive distributions equal to the dividends paid on Rayonier common 
shares. See Note 2 - Merger with Pope Resources for additional information pertaining to the merger. 

As  of  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  owned  a  96.9%  interest  in  the  Operating  Partnership,  with  the 
remaining 3.1% interest owned by limited partners of the Operating Partnership. As the sole general partner of the 
Operating  Partnership,  Rayonier  Inc.  has  exclusive  control  of  the  day-to-day  management  of  the  Operating 
Partnership. 

Rayonier Inc. and the Operating Partnership are operated as one business. The management of the Operating 
Partnership consists of the same members as the management of Rayonier Inc.  As general partner with control of 
the  Operating  Partnership,  Rayonier  Inc.  consolidates  Rayonier,  L.P.  for  financial  reporting  purposes,  and  has  no 
material assets or liabilities other than its investment in the Operating Partnership. 

We believe combining the annual reports of Rayonier Inc. and Rayonier, L.P. into this single report results in the 

following benefits:

•

•

Strengthens investors’ understanding of Rayonier Inc. and the Operating Partnership by enabling them to
view the business as a single operating unit in the same manner as management views and operates the
business;

Creates efficiencies for investors by reducing duplicative disclosures and providing a single comprehensive
document; and

• Generates  time  and  cost  savings  associated  with  the  preparation  of  the  reports  when  compared  to

preparing separate reports for each entity.

There  are  a  few  important  differences  between  Rayonier  Inc.  and  the  Operating  Partnership  in  the  context  of 
how Rayonier Inc. operates as a consolidated company. The Company itself does not conduct business, other than 
through acting as the general partner of the Operating Partnership and issuing equity or equity-related instruments 
from time-to-time. The Operating Partnership holds, directly or indirectly, substantially all of the Company’s assets. 
Likewise,  all  debt  is  incurred  by  the  Operating  Partnership  or  entities/subsidiaries  owned  or  controlled  by  the 
Operating  Partnership.  The  Operating  Partnership  conducts  substantially  all  of  the  Company’s  business  and  is 
structured as a partnership with no publicly traded equity. 

To help investors understand the significant differences between the Company and the Operating Partnership, 

this report includes:

•

•

•

Separate Consolidated Financial Statements for Rayonier Inc. and Rayonier, L.P.;

A combined set of Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements with separate discussions of per share
and  per  unit  information,  noncontrolling  interests  and  shareholders’  equity  and  partners’  capital,  as
applicable;

A combined Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations which
includes specific information related to each reporting entity;

•

•

•

A separate Part II, Item 9A. Controls and Procedures related to each reporting entity;

A  separate  Part  II,  Item  5.  Market  for  the  Registrant’s  Common  Equity;  related  Stockholder  Matters  and
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities section related to each reporting entity; and

Separate Exhibit 31 and 32 certifications for each reporting entity within Part IV.

Page

1

20
27

28
32

32

33
35

36
57
60
138
138
138

139
139

139
139
139

140
140

Item

1.
1A.

1B.
2.

3.
4.

5.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I
Business................................................................................................................................................

Risk Factors..........................................................................................................................................
Unresolved Staff Comments.................................................................................................................

Properties..............................................................................................................................................
Legal Proceedings................................................................................................................................

Mine Safety Disclosures.......................................................................................................................
PART II
Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of
Equity Securities...................................................................................................................................
Selected Financial Data........................................................................................................................

6.
7.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations................
7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk................................................................
8.
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data....................................................................................
9.
Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure................
9A.
Controls and Procedures......................................................................................................................
9B. Other Information..................................................................................................................................

PART III
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance....................................................................
Executive Compensation......................................................................................................................
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder
Matters..................................................................................................................................................
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence....................................
Principal Accounting Fees and Services...............................................................................................
PART IV
Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules..............................................................................................
Form 10-K Summary.............................................................................................................................

10.
11.
12.

13.
14.

15.
16.

i

PART I

Unless  stated  otherwise  or  the  context  otherwise  requires,  references  to  “Rayonier”  or  “the  Company”  mean 
Rayonier  Inc.  and  references  to  the  “Operating  Partnership”  mean  Rayonier,  L.P.  References  to    “we,”  “us,”  and 
“our”  mean  collectively  Rayonier  Inc.,  the  Operating  Partnership  and  entities/subsidiaries  owned  or  controlled  by 
Rayonier  Inc.  and/or  the  Operating  Partnership.  References  herein  to  “Notes  to  Financial  Statements”  or  “Note” 
refer to the combined Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements of Rayonier Inc. and Rayonier, L.P. included 
in Item 8 of this Report. 

NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements in this document regarding anticipated financial outcomes, including our earnings guidance, if 
any, business and market conditions, outlook, expected dividend rate, our business strategies, including the recent 
acquisition  of  Pope  Resources,  expected  harvest  schedules,  timberland  acquisitions  and  dispositions,  the 
anticipated  benefits  of  our  business  strategies,  and  other  similar  statements  relating  to  our  future  events, 
developments, or financial or operational performance or results, are “forward-looking statements” made pursuant to 
the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other federal securities laws. 
These  forward-looking  statements  are  identified  by  the  use  of  words  such  as  “may,”  “will,”  “should,”  “expect,” 
“estimate,” “believe,” “intend,” “project,” “anticipate” and other similar language. However, the absence of these or 
similar words or expressions does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. While management believes 
that these forward-looking statements are reasonable when made, forward-looking statements are not guarantees 
of  future  performance  or  events  and  undue  reliance  should  not  be  placed  on  these  statements.  The  risk  factors 
contained in Item 1A — Risk Factors in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and similar discussions included in other 
reports  that  we  subsequently  file  with  the  SEC,  among  others,  could  cause  actual  results  or  events  to  differ 
materially from our historical experience and those expressed in forward-looking statements made in this document.

Forward-looking  statements  are  only  as  of  the  date  they  are  made,  and  we  undertake  no  duty  to  update  our 
forward-looking  statements  except  as  required  by  law.  You  are  advised,  however,  to  review  any  subsequent 
disclosures we make on related subjects in subsequent reports filed with the SEC. 

Item 1. 

BUSINESS

GENERAL

We  are  a  leading  timberland  real  estate  investment  trust  (“REIT”)  with  assets  located  in  some  of  the  most 
productive  softwood  timber  growing  regions  in  the  U.S.  and  New  Zealand.  We  invest  in  timberlands  and  actively 
manage  them  to  provide  current  income  and  attractive  long-term  returns  to  our  shareholders.  We  conduct  our 
business through an umbrella partnership real estate investment trust (“UPREIT”) structure in which our assets are 
owned by our Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries. Rayonier manages the Operating Partnership as its sole 
general  partner.  Our  revenues,  operating  income  and  cash  flows  are  primarily  derived  from  the  following  core 
business segments: Southern Timber, Pacific Northwest Timber, New Zealand Timber, Timber Funds, Real Estate, 
and  Trading.  As  of  December  31,  2020,  we  owned,  leased  or  managed  approximately  2.7  million  acres  of 
timberlands located in the U.S. South (1.73 million acres), U.S. Pacific Northwest (507,000 acres) and New Zealand 
(417,000  gross  acres,  or  296,000  net  plantable  acres).  We  also  act  as  the  managing  member  in  a  private  equity 
timber  fund  business  with  three  funds  comprising  approximately  141,000  acres.  On  a  “look-through”  basis,  our 
ownership in the timber fund business equates to approximately 17,000 acres. In addition, we engage in the trading 
of  logs  from  New  Zealand  and  Australia  to  Pacific  Rim  markets,  primarily  to  support  our  New  Zealand  export 
operations. We have an added focus to maximize the value of our land portfolio by pursuing higher and better use 
(“HBU”) land sale opportunities.

We  originated  as  the  Rainier  Pulp  &  Paper  Company  founded  in  Shelton,  Washington  in  1926.  On  June  27, 
2014,  Rayonier  completed  the  tax-free  spin-off  of  its  Performance  Fibers  manufacturing  business  from  its 
timberland and real estate operations, thereby becoming a “pure-play” timberland REIT. On May 8, 2020 Rayonier, 
L.P. acquired Pope Resources, a Delaware Limited Partnership (“Pope Resources”).

1

Under our REIT structure, we are generally not required to pay U.S. federal income taxes on our earnings from 
timber  harvest  operations  and  other  REIT-qualifying  activities  contingent  upon  meeting  applicable  distribution, 
income,  asset,  shareholder  and  other  tests.  Through  a  series  of  Mergers,  which  are  further  outlined  in  Note  1  - 
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, Rayonier transferred all of its assets to the Operating Partnership, and 
as a result owns a 96.9% interest in the Operating Partnership and corresponding portion of taxable income or loss. 
Certain  operations  are  conducted  through  our  taxable  REIT  subsidiaries  (“TRS”)  and  subject  to  U.S.  federal  and 
state corporate income tax. As of December 31, 2020 and as of the date of the filing of this Annual Report on Form 
10-K,  we  believe  the  Company  is  in  compliance  with  all  REIT  tests.  See  Note  11  —  Income  Taxes  for  further
discussion of REIT and non-REIT qualifying operations.

The  Company’s  shares  are  publicly  traded  on  the  NYSE  under  the  symbol  RYN.  We  are  a  North  Carolina 
corporation  with  executive  offices  located  at  1  Rayonier  Way,  Wildlight,  Florida  32097.  Our  telephone  number  is 
(904) 357-9100.

OUR COMPETITIVE STRENGTHS

We believe that we distinguish ourselves from other timberland owners and other alternative asset investments 

through the following competitive strengths:

•

Leading  Pure-Play  Timberland  REIT.  We  are  differentiated  from  other  publicly-traded  timberland  REITs  in
that  we  are  invested  exclusively  in  timberlands  and  real  estate  and  do  not  own  any  pulp,  paper  or  wood
products  manufacturing  assets.  We  are  the  largest  publicly-traded  “pure-play”  timberland  REIT,  which
provides  our  investors  with  a  focused,  large-scale  timberland  investment  alternative  without  taking  on  the
risks and volatility inherent in direct ownership of forest products manufacturing assets.

• Well-Positioned  for  a  Sustainable,  Low-Carbon  Economy.  Our  forests  mitigate  climate  change  through
carbon  sequestration  and  further  support  clean  air  and  water  and  wildlife  habitats  –  all  while  being
sustainably managed through continuous cycles of growth and harvest. Our trees not only remove carbon
from the atmosphere through photosynthesis while growing, but even after harvesting, a significant portion
of the carbon removed from our forests can remain stored for an extended period of time within the wood
products  produced  from  our  timber.  Life  cycle  assessment  studies  have  demonstrated  that  wood-based
building products generate fewer greenhouse gas emissions as compared to other building materials, such
as  concrete  and  steel.  We  intend  to  be  an  industry  leader  in  the  rigor  by  which  we  measure  our  carbon
footprint, the transparency of our disclosure, and in capitalizing on our ability to offer low-carbon solutions.

•

•

•

•

Located in Premier Softwood Growing Regions with Access to Strong Markets. Our geographically diverse
timberland holdings are strategically located in core softwood producing regions, including the U.S. South,
U.S. Pacific Northwest and New Zealand. Our most significant timberland holdings are located in the U.S.
South, in close proximity to a variety of established pulp, paper and wood products manufacturing facilities
and export facilities, which provide a steady source of competitive demand for both pulpwood and higher-
value  sawtimber  products.  Our  Pacific  Northwest  and  New  Zealand  timberlands  benefit  from  strong
domestic sawmilling markets and are located near ports to capitalize on export markets serving the Pacific
Rim.

Attractive  Pipeline  of  HBU  Opportunities.  We  have  a  dedicated  HBU  platform  with  an  established  track
record  of  selling  rural  and  development  HBU  properties  across  our  portfolio  at  strong  premiums  to
timberland values. We continuously evaluate the highest-and-best-use of our lands and seek to capitalize
on identified HBU opportunities through strategies uniquely tailored to maximize value, including selectively
pursuing  land-use  entitlements  and  infrastructure  improvements  through  one  of  our  taxable  REIT
subsidiaries.  Much  of  our  HBU  activity  is  concentrated  in  the  U.S.  South,  where  we  own  approximately
200,000  acres  of  timberlands  located  in  the  vicinity  of  Interstate  95  primarily  north  of  Daytona  Beach,  FL
and south of Savannah, GA.

Sophisticated  Log  Marketing  Capabilities  Serving  Various  Pacific  Rim  Markets.  We  conduct  a  log  trading
operation  based  in  New  Zealand,  which  serves  timberland  owners  in  New  Zealand  and  Australia  and
provides  access  to  key  export  markets  in  China,  South  Korea  and  India.  This  operation  provides  us  with
superior  market  intelligence  and  economies  of  scale,  both  of  which  add  value  to  our  timber  export
operations and contribute to our earnings and cash flows, with minimal investment.

Advantageous Structure and Capitalization. Under our REIT structure, we are generally not required to pay
federal  income  taxes  on  our  earnings  from  timber  harvest  operations  and  other  REIT-qualifying  activities,

2

which allows us to optimize the value of our portfolio in a tax efficient manner. We also maintain a strong 
credit profile and have investment grade debt ratings. As of December 31, 2020, our net debt to enterprise 
value was 23%. We believe that our advantageous REIT structure and conservative capitalization provide 
us with a competitive cost of capital and significant financial flexibility to pursue growth initiatives.

OUR STRATEGY

Our business strategy consists of the following key elements:

• Manage  our  Timberlands  on  a  Sustainable  Yield  Basis  for  Long-term  Results.  We  generate  recurring
income and cash flow from the harvest and sale of timber and intend to actively manage our timberlands to
maximize  net  present  value  over  the  long  term  by  achieving  an  optimal  balance  among  biological  timber
growth, generation of cash flow from harvesting activities, and responsible environmental stewardship. Our
harvesting strategy is designed to produce a long-term, sustainable yield, although we may adjust harvest
levels periodically in response to then-current market conditions.

• Capitalize  on  Advantageous  Net  Carbon  Position.  We  estimate  that  our  timberlands  absorb  more  carbon
than  we  emit  in  our  operations.  As  such,  we  are  positioning  ourselves  to  take  advantage  of  increasing
demands for carbon solutions by companies, governments and investors. In 2020 we completed a rigorous
analysis  of  our  carbon  footprint  and  developed  a  framework  for  collecting  and  reporting  such  data  to  our
investors and other stakeholders. We expect that the unique environmental attributes of our forestry assets
will play an increasingly important role in our efforts to create value over time.

•

•

Apply Advanced Silviculture to Increase the Productivity of our Timberlands. We use our forestry expertise
and  disciplined  financial  approach  to  determine  the  appropriate  silviculture  programs  and  investments  to
maximize  returns.  This  includes  re-planting  a  significant  portion  of  our  harvested  acres  with  improved
seedlings  we  have  developed  through  decades  of  research  and  cultivation.  Over  time,  we  expect  these
improved seedlings will result in higher volumes per acre and a higher value product mix.

Increase  the  Size  and  Quality  of  our  Timberland  Holdings  through  Acquisitions.  We  intend  to  selectively
pursue timberland acquisition opportunities that improve the average productivity of our timberland holdings
and support cash flow generation from our annual harvesting activities. Our acquisition strategy employs a
disciplined  approach  with  rigorous  adherence  to  strategic  and  financial  metrics.  Generally,  we  expect  to
focus our acquisition efforts on the most commercially desirable timber-producing regions of the U.S. South,
the U.S. Pacific Northwest and New Zealand. We may also consider acquisition opportunities outside of our
existing operating areas where we anticipate favorable long-term market dynamics and financial returns. In
2020,  we  acquired  Pope  Resources,  which  significantly  expanded  and  enhanced  our  Pacific  Northwest
timberland and real estate portfolio with the addition of approximately 120,000 acres of fee timberland and
4,000  leased  acres.  We  acquired  an  additional  13,000  acres  of  fee  timberland  in  2020,  69,000  acres  in
2019  and  26,000  acres  in  2018.  Additionally,  we  acquired  leases  or  long-term  forestry  rights  covering
approximately 2,000 acres in 2020, 2,000 acres in 2019, and 4,000 acres in 2018.

• Optimize our Portfolio Value. We continuously assess potential alternative uses of our timberlands, as some
of our properties may become more valuable for development, residential, recreation, conservation, carbon
sequestration  or  other  purposes.  We  intend  to  capitalize  on  such  higher-valued  uses  by  opportunistically
monetizing  HBU  properties  and/or  land-use  rights  in  our  portfolio.  We  generally  expect  that  sales  of  HBU
property  will  comprise  approximately  1%  to  2%  of  our  Southern  timberland  holdings  on  an  annual  basis.
While the majority of our HBU sales involve rural and recreational land, we also selectively pursue various
land-use  entitlements  and  improvements  on  certain  properties  for  residential,  commercial  and  industrial
development in order to fully realize the enhanced long-term value potential of such properties. We further
have an added strategic focus to evaluate and advance ecosystem monetization alternatives, including the
long-term development of forest carbon markets.

•

Focus on Timberland Operations to Support Cash Flow Generation. As described above, we rely primarily
on  annual  harvesting  activities  and  ongoing  sales  of  HBU  properties  to  generate  cash  flow  from  our
timberland  holdings.  However,  we  also  periodically  generate  income  and  cash  flow  from  the  sale  of  non-
strategic and/or non-HBU timberlands, in particular as we seek to optimize our portfolio by disposing of less
desirable properties or to fund capital allocation priorities, including share repurchases, debt repayment or
acquisitions.  Our  strategy  is  to  limit  reliance  on  planned  sales  of  non-HBU  timberlands  to  augment  cash
flow generation and instead rely primarily on supporting cash flow from the operation, rather than sale, of

3

our timberlands. We believe this strategy will support the sustainability of our harvesting activities over the 
long term. 

•

Promote  Responsible  Stewardship  and  Best-in-Class  Disclosure.  We  are  committed  to  responsible
stewardship, environmentally and economically sustainable forestry, and positive climate change solutions.
As  such,  we  are  focused  on  continuing  to  develop  and  integrate  robust  environmental,  social  and
governance  (“ESG”)  policies  and  best  practices  within  our  business.  We  further  intend  to  be  an  industry
leader  in  transparent  disclosure,  particularly  relating  to  our  timberland  holdings,  harvest  schedules,
inventory,  age-class  profiles,  carbon  footprint  and  other  meaningful  data  regarding  our  long-term
sustainability. We believe our continued commitment to transparency and the stewardship of our assets and
capital will allow us to maintain our timberlands’ productivity, more effectively attract and deploy capital and
enhance our reputation as a preferred timber industry supplier and employer.

SEGMENT INFORMATION 

As a result of the Mergers, we have revised our reportable business segments, adding one additional segment, 
Timber Funds. The Timber Funds segment represents operations of the three private equity timber funds included in 
the Pope Resources transaction – Fund II, Fund III and Fund IV (collectively, the “Funds”). Rayonier owns 20% of 
Fund II, 5% of Fund III, and 15% of Fund IV and is also the managing member of the Funds. As discussed in Note 6 
- Noncontrolling  Interests,  the  Funds  are  consolidated  into  our  financial  statements.  We  now  operate  in  six
reportable  business  segments:  Southern  Timber,  Pacific  Northwest  Timber,  New  Zealand  Timber,  Timber  Funds,
Real Estate and Trading. See Item 7 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations and Note 7 — Segment and Geographical Information for information on sales and operating income
by reportable segment and geographic region.

TIMBER

Our timber businesses are disaggregated into Southern Timber, Pacific Northwest Timber, New Zealand Timber 
and Timber Funds segments. Sales in the Timber segments include all activities related to the harvesting of timber 
in addition to lease and license activities, other non-timber activities and carbon credit sales.

DISCUSSION OF TIMBER INVENTORY AND SUSTAINABLE YIELD

We  define  gross  timber  inventory  as  an  estimate  of  all  standing  timber  volume  beyond  the  specified  age  at 
which  we  commence  calculating  our  timber  inventory  for  inclusion  in  our  inventory  tracking  systems.  The  age  at 
which  we  commence  calculating  our  timber  inventory  is  10  years  for  our  Southern  timberlands,  20  years  for  our 
Pacific  Northwest  timberlands,  and  20  years  for  our  New  Zealand  timberlands.  Our  estimate  of  gross  timber 
inventory is based on an inventory system that involves periodic statistical sampling and growth modeling. Periodic 
adjustments  are  made  on  the  basis  of  growth  estimates,  harvest  information,  and  environmental  and  operational 
restrictions. Gross timber inventory includes certain timber that we do not deem to be of a merchantable age as well 
as certain timber located in restricted, environmentally sensitive or economically inaccessible areas.

We  define  merchantable  timber  inventory  as  an  estimate  of  timber  volume  beyond  a  specified  age  that 
approximates such timber’s earliest economically harvestable age. Our estimate includes certain timber located in 
restricted or environmentally sensitive areas based on an estimate of lawfully recoverable volumes from such areas. 
The  estimate  does  not  include  volumes  in  restricted  or  environmentally  sensitive  areas  that  may  not  be  lawfully 
harvested  or  volumes  located  in  economically  inaccessible  areas.  The  merchantable  age  (i.e.,  the  age  at  which 
timber moves from pre-merchantable to merchantable) is 15 years for our Southern timberlands, with the exception 
of Oklahoma which is 17 years, 35 years for our Pacific Northwest timberlands, and 20 years for radiata pine and 30 
years for Douglas-fir in our New Zealand timberlands. The merchantable age for our Timber Funds segment is 35 
years, with the exception of Fund III’s California tree farm, which has been managed historically using an uneven-
aged harvest regime wherein stands consist of trees of a variety of age classes. As such, in California we classify 
merchantable volume based on the tree’s diameter at breast height (DBH), or four and one-half feet above ground. 
Trees  with  a  DBH  greater  than  or  equal  to  16  inches  are  considered  merchantable  and  less  than  16  inches  are 
considered pre-merchantable. 

Our estimated merchantable timber inventory changes over time as timber is harvested, as pre-merchantable 
timber transitions to merchantable timber, as existing merchantable timber inventory grows, as we acquire and sell 

4

timberland  and  as  we  periodically  update  our  statistical  sampling  and  growth  and  yield  models.  We  estimate  our 
merchantable timber inventory annually for purposes of calculating per unit depletion rates.

Timber inventory is generally measured and expressed in short green tons (SGT) in our Southern timberlands, 
in thousand board feet (MBF) or million board feet (MMBF) in our Pacific Northwest and Timber Funds timberlands, 
and in cubic meters (m3) in our New Zealand timberlands. For conversion purposes, one MBF and one m3 is equal 
to  approximately  8.0  and  1.12  short  green  tons,  respectively.  For  comparison  purposes,  we  provide  inventory 
estimates for our Pacific Northwest and New Zealand timberlands in MBF and cubic meters, respectively, as well as 
in short green tons.

The following table sets forth the estimated volumes of merchantable timber inventory by location in short green 
tons as of September 30, 2020 for the South, Pacific Northwest and Timber Funds and as of December 31, 2020 for 
New Zealand on a total and look-through basis:

(volumes in thousands of SGT)

Location
South..........................................
Pacific Northwest........................
New Zealand..............................
Timber Funds..............................

Merchantable Inventory (a)

64,300 
11,053 
16,274 
5,134 
96,761 

%

 67 
 11 
 17 
 5 
 100 

(“Look-through”) 
Merchantable Inventory (a) (b)
64,300 
11,053 
16,274 
591 
92,218 

%

 70 
 12 
 17 
 1 
 100 

(a) For  all  regions,  depletion  rate  calculations  for  the  upcoming  year  are  based  on  estimated  volumes  of  merchantable  inventory  at

December 31, 2020.

(b) The “look-through” amounts include only our proportional ownership of the Timber Funds’ merchantable inventory, based on our ownership

interests in Fund II, Fund III, and Fund IV of 20%, 5% and 15%, respectively.

We  define  sustainable  yield  as  the  average  harvest  level  that  can  be  sustained  into  perpetuity  based  on  our
estimates of biological growth and the expected productivity resulting from our reforestation and silvicultural efforts. 
Our estimated sustainable yield may change over time based on changes in silvicultural techniques and resulting 
timber yields, changes in environmental laws and restrictions, changes in the statistical sampling and estimates of 
our  merchantable  timber  inventory,  acquisitions  and  dispositions  of  timberlands,  the  expiration  or  renewal  of 
timberland  leases,  casualty  losses,  and  other  factors.  Moreover,  our  harvest  level  in  any  given  year  may  deviate 
from  our  estimated  sustainable  yield  due  to  variations  in  the  age  class  of  our  timberlands,  the  product  mix  of  our 
harvest (i.e., pulpwood versus sawtimber), our deliberate acceleration or deferral of harvest in response to market 
conditions, our thinning activity (in which we periodically remove some smaller trees from a stand to enhance long-
term  sawtimber  potential  of  the  remaining  timber),  or  other  factors.  We  estimate  sustainable  yield  for  each  of  our 
core Timber segments as of December 31, 2020.

We  manage  our  U.S.  timberlands  in  accordance  with  the  requirements  of  the  Sustainable  Forestry  Initiative® 
(“SFI”) program. The timberland holdings of the New Zealand subsidiary are certified under the Forest Stewardship 
Council® (“FSC”). The majority of our New Zealand timberland holdings are also certified under the Programme for 
the  Endorsement  of  Forest  Certification  (“PEFC”).  All  programs  are  comprehensive  systems  of  environmental 
principles, objectives and performance measures that combine the perpetual growing and harvesting of trees with 
the protection of wildlife, plants, soil and water quality. Through application of our site-specific silvicultural expertise 
and  financial  discipline,  we  manage  timber  in  a  way  that  is  designed  to  optimize  site  preparation,  tree  species 
selection,  competition  control,  fertilization,  timing  of  thinning  and  final  harvest.  We  also  have  a  genetic  seedling 
improvement  program  to  enhance  the  productivity  and  quality  of  our  timberlands  and  overall  forest  health.  In 
addition, non-timber income opportunities associated with our timberlands such as recreational licenses, as well as 
considerations for the future HBU of the land, are integral parts of our site-specific management philosophy. All of 
these activities are designed to maximize value while complying with SFI, or FSC and PEFC requirements. 

5

SOUTHERN TIMBER

As  of  December  31,  2020,  our  Southern  timberlands  acreage  consisted  of  approximately  1.73  million  acres 
(including approximately 152,000 acres of leased lands) located in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, 
Oklahoma,  South  Carolina  and  Texas.  Approximately  two-thirds  of  this  land  supports  intensively  managed 
plantations  of  predominantly  loblolly  and  slash  pine.  The  other  one-third  of  this  land  is  too  wet  to  support  pine 
plantations,  but  supports  productive  natural  stands  primarily  consisting  of  natural  pine  and  a  variety  of  hardwood 
species. Rotation ages typically range from 21 to 28 years for pine plantations and from 35 to 60 years for natural 
stands. Key consumers of our timber include pulp, paper, wood products and biomass facilities. 

We  estimate  that  the  gross  timber  inventory  and  merchantable  timber  inventory  of  our  Southern  timberlands 
was 80 million tons and 64 million tons, respectively, as of September 30, 2020. We estimate that the sustainable 
yield  of  our  Southern  timberlands,  including  both  pine  and  hardwoods,  is  approximately  5.9  to  6.3  million  tons 
annually. We expect that the average annual harvest volume of our Southern timberlands over the next five years 
(2021 to 2025) will be generally in line with our sustainable yield. For additional information, see Item 1 — Business 
— Discussion of Timber Inventory and Sustainable Yield and Item 1A — Risk Factors.

In  2020,  we  acquired  approximately  13,000  acres  of  timberland  in  the  Southern  region.  For  additional 

information, see Note 4 — Timberland Acquisitions.

The following table provides a breakdown of our Southern timberlands acreage and timber inventory by product 
and age class as of September 30, 2020 (inventory volumes are estimated at December 31 to calculate a depletion 
rate for the upcoming year):

(volumes in thousands of SGT)

Age Class

Pine Plantation

Acres
(000’s)

Pine 
Pulpwood 

Pine 
Sawtimber 

Hardwood 
Pulpwood

Hardwood 
Sawtimber

Total

0 to 4 years (a)........................................

5 to 9 years.............................................

10 to 14 years.........................................

15 to 19 years.........................................

20 to 24 years.........................................

25 to 29 years.........................................

30 + years...............................................

228 

191 

211 

224 

184 

57 

37 

— 

— 

8,262 

12,225 

6,808 

1,887 

1,067 

— 

— 

1,124 

4,633 

6,484 

2,964 

2,511 

Total Pine Plantation.................................

1,132 

30,249 

17,716 

Natural Pine (Plantable) (b)....................

Natural Mixed Pine/Hardwood (c)..........

Forested Acres and Gross Inventory....

Plus: Non-Forested Acres (d)....................

Gross Acres.............................................

37 

519 

1,688 

61 

1,749 

396 

4,471 

817 

7,289 

35,116 

25,822 

— 

— 

41 

105 

112 

78 

105 

441 

817 

13,667 

14,925 

— 

— 

— 

— 

3 

1 

1 

5 

— 

— 

9,427 

16,963 

13,407 

4,930 

3,684 

48,411 

230 

2,260 

4,013 

29,440 

4,248 

80,111 

Less: Pre-Merchantable Age Class 
Inventory (e).....................................................................................................................................................................

Less: Volume in Environmentally 
Sensitive/Legally Restricted Areas...................................................................................................................................

Merchantable Timber Inventory....................................................................................................................................

(9,663) 

(6,148) 

64,300 

(a) 0 to 4 years includes clearcut acres not yet replanted.
(b) Consists of natural stands that are convertible into pine plantations once harvested.
(c) Consists of all non-plantable natural stands, including those that are in environmentally sensitive or economically inaccessible areas.
(d)
(e)

Includes roads, rights of way and all other non-forested areas.
Includes inventory that is less than 15 years old or less than 17 years old in Oklahoma.

6

PACIFIC NORTHWEST TIMBER

As of December 31, 2020, our Pacific Northwest timberlands consisted of approximately 507,000 acres located 
in Oregon and Washington, of which approximately 397,000 acres were designated as productive acres, meaning 
land  that  is  capable  of  growing  merchantable  timber  and  where  the  harvesting  of  timber  is  not  constrained  by 
physical,  environmental  or  regulatory  restrictions. These  timberlands  primarily  comprise  second  and  third  rotation 
western hemlock and Douglas-fir, as well as a small amount of other softwood species, such as western red cedar. 
A small percentage also consists of natural hardwood stands of predominantly red alder. In the Pacific Northwest, 
rotation ages typically range from 35 to 50 years. Our product mix in the Pacific Northwest is heavily weighted to 
sawtimber, which is sold to domestic wood products facilities as well as exported primarily to Pacific Rim markets.

We  estimate  that  the  gross  timber  inventory  and  merchantable  timber  inventory  of  our  Pacific  Northwest 
timberlands  was  3,609  MMBF  and  1,383  MMBF,  respectively,  as  of  September  30,  2020.  We  estimate  that  the 
sustainable yield of our Pacific Northwest timberlands is approximately 230 to 240 MMBF (or 1.8 to 1.9 million tons) 
annually. We expect that the average annual harvest volume of our Pacific Northwest timberlands over the next five 
years  (2021  to  2025)  will  be  modestly  below  our  sustainable  yield.  For  additional  information,  see  Item  1  — 
Business — Discussion of Timber Inventory and Sustainable Yield and Item 1A — Risk Factors.

In 2020, we acquired approximately 124,000 acres in the Pacific Northwest Timber segment in the merger with 

Pope Resources. For additional information, see Note 2 — Merger with Pope Resources.

 The following table provides a breakdown of our Pacific Northwest timberlands acreage and timber inventory by 
product and age class as of September 30, 2020 (inventory volumes are estimated at December 31 to calculate a 
depletion rate for the upcoming year):

(volumes in MBF, except as noted)

Acres 
(000’s)

Softwood
Pulpwood (e)

Softwood
Sawtimber (e)

Age Class
Commercial Forest
0 to 4 years (a)....................................................................
5 to 9 years.........................................................................
10 to 14 years.....................................................................
15 to 19 years.....................................................................
20 to 24 years.....................................................................
25 to 29 years.....................................................................
30 to 34 years.....................................................................
35 to 39 years.....................................................................
40 to 44 years.....................................................................
45 to 49 years.....................................................................
50+ years............................................................................
Total Commercial Forest......................................................
Non-Commercial Forest (b)...............................................
Productive Forested Acres...................................................
Restricted Forest (c)..........................................................
Total Forested Acres and Gross Inventory......................
Plus: Non-Forested Acres (d)...............................................
Gross Acres........................................................................
Less: Pre-Merchantable Age Class Inventory.....................................................................................................
Less: Restricted Forest Inventory.......................................................................................................................
Total Merchantable Timber..............................................................................................................................
Conversion factor for MBF to SGT......................................................................................................................
Total Merchantable Timber (thousands of SGT)............................................................................................

— 
— 
— 
— 
113,798 
275,883 
743,783 
706,080 
257,534 
83,637 
168,643 
2,349,358 
32,548 

— 
— 
— 
— 
44,556 
53,197 
110,929 
75,140 
25,207 
10,035 
20,069 
339,133 
5,049 

48 
50 
52 
47 
36 
31 
60 
42 
14 
5 
8 
393 
4 
397 
90 
487 
20 
507 

781,160 
3,163,066 

102,175 
446,357 

Total (e)

— 
— 
— 
— 
158,354 
329,080 
854,712 
781,220 
282,741 
93,672 
188,712 
2,688,491 
37,597 

883,335 
3,609,423 

(1,342,729) 
(883,335) 
1,383,359 
7.99 
11,053 

(a) 0 to 4 years includes clearcut acres not yet replanted.
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Includes non-commercial forests with limited productivity.
Includes significant portions of riparian management zones, legally restricted forests, and environmentally sensitive areas.
Includes roads, rights of way, and all other non-forested areas.
Includes a minor component of hardwood in red alder and other species.

7

 NEW ZEALAND TIMBER

As of December 31, 2020, our New Zealand timberlands consisted of approximately 417,000 acres (including 
approximately  232,000  acres  of  leased  lands),  of  which  approximately  296,000  acres  were  designated  as 
productive  or  plantation  acres,  meaning  land  that  is  capable  of  growing  merchantable  timber  and  where  the 
harvesting of timber is not constrained by physical, environmental or regulatory restrictions. The leased acres are 
generally  leased  through  long-term  arrangements  including  Crown  Forest  Licenses  (“CFLs”),  forestry  rights  and 
other leases. Our New Zealand timberlands serve a domestic sawmilling market and also export logs to Pacific Rim 
markets. 

Our  New  Zealand  timber  operations  are  conducted  by  Matariki  Forestry  Group,  a  joint  venture  with  Stafford 
Capital  Partners  Limited.  We  maintain  a  controlling  financial  interest  of  77%  in  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary  and, 
accordingly,  consolidate  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary’s  balance  sheet  and  results  of  operations.  The  minority 
owner’s  interest  in  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary  and  its  earnings  are  reported  as  noncontrolling  interest  in  our 
financial  statements.  Rayonier’s  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  Rayonier  New  Zealand  Limited  (“RNZ”),  serves  as  the 
manager of the New Zealand subsidiary. For additional information, see Note 6 — Noncontrolling Interests.

We estimate that the gross timber inventory and merchantable timber inventory of our New Zealand timberlands 
were both 14.6 million cubic meters as of December 31, 2020. We estimate that the sustainable yield of our New 
Zealand timberlands is approximately 2.1 to 2.4 million cubic meters (or 2.4 to 2.7 million tons) annually. We expect 
that the average annual harvest volume of our New Zealand timberlands over the next five years (2021 to 2025) will 
be generally in line with our sustainable yield. For additional information, see Item 1 — Business — Discussion of 
Timber Inventory and Sustainable Yield and Item 1A — Risk Factors.

In  2020,  we  acquired  approximately  2,000  acres  of  leased  timberland  in  New  Zealand.  For  additional 

information, see Note 4 — Timberland Acquisitions.

The  following  table  provides  a  breakdown  of  our  New  Zealand  timberlands  acreage  and  timber  inventory  by 
product  and  age  class  as  of  December  31,  2020  (inventory  volumes  at  December  31  are  used  to  calculate  a 
depletion rate for the upcoming year):
(volumes in thousands of m3, except as noted)

Age Class

Radiata Pine

0 to 4 years (a)...................................................................

5 to 9 years........................................................................

10 to 14 years....................................................................

15 to 19 years....................................................................

20 to 24 years....................................................................

25 to 29 years....................................................................

30 + years..........................................................................

Total Radiata Pine..............................................................

Other (b).............................................................................

Forested Acres and Merchantable Timber Inventory.....
Conversion factor for m3 to SGT.........................................

Total Merchantable Timber (thousands of SGT)............

Plus: Non-Productive Acres (c)............................................

Gross Acres.......................................................................

(a) 0 to 4 years includes clearcut acres not yet replanted.
Includes primarily Douglas-fir age 30 and over.
(b)
Includes natural forest and other non-planted acres.
(c)
Includes timber located in environmentally sensitive areas.
(d)

Acres (000’s)

Pulpwood  (d)

Sawtimber (d)

Total (d)

— 

— 

— 

— 

1,830 

508 

138 

2,476 

1,036 

3,512 

— 

— 

— 

— 

7,244 

2,244 

391 

9,879 

1,174 

11,053 

— 

— 

— 

— 

9,074 

2,752 

529 

12,355 

2,210 

14,565 

1.12 

16,274 

63 

40 

43 

53 

49 

13 

2 

263 

33 

296 

121 

417 

8

TIMBER FUNDS

On May 8, 2020, Rayonier Inc. and Rayonier, L.P. acquired Pope Resources. Pope Resources managed and 
co-invested  in  three  private  equity  timber  funds,  comprising  141,000  acres.  Upon  completion  of  the  merger,  we 
became the manager of the timber funds, Fund II, Fund III, and Fund VI, and obtained interest in the Funds of 20%, 
5%, and 15% respectively. In accordance with  Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”), the Funds are 
consolidated  into  our  financial  statements.  See  Note  6  -  Noncontrolling  Interests  for  additional  details.  When 
referring  to  our  proportionate  ownership  share  of  the  Timber  Funds  segment,  we  will  refer  to  the  sums  as  “look-
through” totals. 

These timberlands primarily comprised of Douglas-fir and western hemlock, as well as a small amount of other 
softwood  species,  such  as  western  red  cedar.  A  small  percentage  also  consists  of  other  conifer  and  natural 
hardwoods stands such as red alder. Predominantly our product mix is weighted toward sawtimber, which rely on 
domestic markets, and to a lesser extent export markets.

We  estimate  that  the  gross  timber  inventory  and  merchantable  timber  inventory  of  the  Timber  Funds 
timberlands were 1,181 MMBF and 643 MMBF, respectively, as of September 30, 2020. We estimate that the “look-
through”  gross  timber  inventory  and  merchantable  timber  inventory  of  the  Timber  Funds  timberlands  were  136 
MMBF and 74 MMBF as of September 30, 2020. For additional information, see Item 1 — Business — Discussion 
of Timber Inventory and Sustainable Yield and Item 1A — Risk Factors.

The  following  table  provides  a  breakdown  of  our  Timber  Funds  timberlands  acreage  and  timber  inventory  by 
product  and  age  class  as  of  September  30,  2020  (inventory  volumes  at  December  31  are  used  to  calculate  a 
depletion rate for the upcoming year):

(volumes in MBF, except as noted)

Acres 
(000’s)

Softwood
Pulpwood (e)

Softwood
Sawtimber (e)

Age Class
Commercial Forest
0 to 4 years (a)..................................................................
5 to 9 years.......................................................................
10 to 14 years...................................................................
15 to 19 years...................................................................
20 to 24 years...................................................................
25 to 29 years...................................................................
30 to 34 years...................................................................
35 to 39 years...................................................................
40 to 44 years...................................................................
45 to 49 years...................................................................
50+ years..........................................................................
Total Commercial Forest....................................................
Productive Forested Acres.................................................
Restricted Forest (b)........................................................
Total Forested Acres and Gross Inventory....................
Plus: Non-Forested Acres (c).............................................
Gross Acres......................................................................
Less: Pre-Merchantable Age Class Inventory (d)......................................................................................................
Less: Restricted Forest Inventory..............................................................................................................................
Total Merchantable Timber.....................................................................................................................................
Conversion factor for MBF to SGT............................................................................................................................
Total Merchantable Timber (thousands of SGT)..................................................................................................

— 
— 
— 
— 
52,505 
75,950 
124,104 
98,992 
57,148 
74,713 
402,401 
885,813 

— 
— 
— 
— 
10,220 
4,842 
6,866 
3,115 
1,388 
1,323 
3,482 
31,236 

15 
13 
10 
12 
10 
7 
9 
6 
4 
4 
30 
120 
120 
14 
134 
7 
141 

258,486 
1,144,299 

5,190 
36,426 

Total

— 
— 
— 
— 
62,725 
80,792 
130,970 
102,107 
58,536 
76,036 
405,883 
917,049 

263,676 
1,180,725 

(274,487) 
(263,676) 
642,562 
7.99 
5,134 

(a) 0 to 4 years includes clearcut acres not yet replanted.
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Includes significant portions of riparian management zones, legally restricted forests, and environmentally sensitive areas.
Includes roads, rights of way, and all other non-forested areas.
Includes inventory that is less than 35 years old or has a diameter breast height (DBH) of less than 16 inches in California.
Includes a minor component of hardwood in red alder and other species.

9

The following table provides a breakdown of our “look-through” Timber Funds timberlands acreage and timber 

inventory by product and age class as of September 30, 2020:

(volumes in MBF, except as noted)

Acres 
(000’s)

Softwood
Pulpwood (e)

Softwood
Sawtimber (e)

Age Class
Commercial Forest
0 to 4 years (a)....................................................................
5 to 9 years.........................................................................
10 to 14 years.....................................................................
15 to 19 years.....................................................................
20 to 24 years.....................................................................
25 to 29 years.....................................................................
30 to 34 years.....................................................................
35 to 39 years.....................................................................
40 to 44 years.....................................................................
45 to 49 years.....................................................................
50+ years............................................................................
Total Commercial Forest......................................................
Productive Forested Acres...................................................
Restricted Forest (b)..........................................................
Total Forested Acres and Gross Inventory......................
Plus: Non-Forested Acres (c)...............................................
Gross Acres........................................................................
Less: Pre-Merchantable Age Class Inventory (d)......................................................................................................
Less: Restricted Forest Inventory..............................................................................................................................
Total Merchantable Timber.....................................................................................................................................
Conversion factor for MBF to SGT............................................................................................................................
Total Merchantable Timber (thousands of SGT)..................................................................................................

— 
— 
— 
— 
5,470 
10,317 
15,606 
11,005 
7,627 
9,772 
44,525 
104,322 

— 
— 
— 
— 
1,157 
620 
852 
268 
168 
189 
468 
3,722 

2 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
3 
14 
14 
2 
16 
1 
17 

27,764 
132,086 

624 
4,346 

Total

— 
— 
— 
— 
6,627 
10,937 
16,458 
11,273 
7,795 
9,961 
44,993 
108,044 

28,388 
136,432 

(34,021) 
(28,388) 
74,023 
7.99 
591 

(a) 0 to 4 years includes clearcut acres not yet replanted.
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Includes significant portions of riparian management zones, legally restricted forests, and environmentally sensitive areas.
Includes roads, rights of way, and all other non-forested areas.
Includes inventory that is less than 35 years old or has a diameter breast height (DBH) of less than 16 inches in California.
Includes a minor component of hardwood in red alder and other species.

REAL ESTATE

All of our U.S. and New Zealand land or leasehold sales, including HBU and non-HBU, are reported in our Real

Estate segment. We report our Real Estate sales in six categories: 

•
•

•

•

•

•

Improved Development,
Unimproved Development,

Rural,

Timberland & Non-Strategic,

Large Dispositions, and

Conservation Easement

The  Improved  Development  category  comprises  properties  sold  for  development  for  which  we,  through  a 
taxable  REIT  subsidiary,  have  invested  in  site  improvements  such  as  infrastructure,  roadways,  utilities,  amenities 
and/or other improvements designed to enhance marketability and create parcels, pads and/or lots for sale. 

The  Unimproved  Development  category  comprises  properties  sold  for  development  for  which  we  have  not 

invested in site improvements.

The Rural category comprises all real estate sales (excluding development sales) representing a demonstrable 

premium above timberland value. 

10

The Timberland & Non-Strategic category includes all U.S. and New Zealand real estate sales representing little 

to no premium to timberland value. This category consists primarily of sales of property that management views as 
non-strategic to our long-term portfolio as well as sales of property for capital allocation purposes that do not fit the 
definition of a Large Disposition.

The Large Dispositions category includes sales of timberland that exceed $20 million in size and do not have a 
demonstrable  premium  relative  to  timberland  value.  Proceeds  from  Large  Dispositions  are  generally  used  to  fund 
capital allocation priorities, such as share repurchases, debt repayment or acquisitions. Sales designated as Large 
Dispositions  are  excluded  from  cash  flow  from  operations  and  the  calculation  of  Adjusted  EBITDA  and  Cash 
Available for Distribution (“CAD”). See Item 7 — Performance and Liquidity Indicators for the definition of Adjusted 
EBITDA and CAD.

We maintain a detailed land classification analysis for all of our timberland and HBU acres. The vast majority of 
our HBU properties are managed as timberland and generate cash flow from timber operations prior to their sale or, 
in the case of Improved Development properties, prior to improvement.

Conservation  Easements  are  the  sale  of  development  rights  which  preclude  future  development  on  the 

underlying land but reserve our rights to continue to grow and harvest timber.

TRADING

Our Trading segment primarily reflects log trading activities in New Zealand and Australia conducted by our New 
Zealand  subsidiary.  Our  Trading  segment  complements  the  New  Zealand  Timber  segment  by  providing  added 
market  intelligence,  increasing  the  scale  of  export  operations  and  achieving  cost  savings  that  directly  benefit  the 
New Zealand Timber segment. This additional market intelligence also benefits our Southern and Pacific Northwest 
export log marketing efforts. 

In the third quarter 2020, Matariki Forests Trading Ltd, entered into an export services joint venture with a third-
party  forest  manager. This  joint  venture  is  utilized  by  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary  to  arrange  sales,  shipping  and 
export documentation services for exported logs for which an agency fee is charged. The New Zealand subsidiary, 
in turn, provides support services on a cost recovery basis to the joint venture. Through the use of the joint venture, 
we  are  able  to  increase  scale  efficiencies,  market  presence,  and  cost  savings  in  both  the  Timber  and  Trading 
segments. 

For  procured  logs,  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary  buys  logs  directly  from  other  forest  owners  at  New  Zealand 
ports  and  exports  them  through  an  agency  agreement  with  the  export  service  joint  venture.  Income  from  this 
business is generated by achieving a sales margin over the purchase price of the procured logs. The New Zealand 
subsidiary, through the Trading segment, also purchases standing timber from time to time, whereby it manages the 
harvest and sale of the logs for approximately one to three years. In these instances, the cost of standing timber is 
capitalized as a current asset on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and recognized as non-depletion cost of sales 
when sold. Revenue generated from procured log sales reflects the full sales price of the logs and is recorded as 
timber sales within the Trading segment. In 2020, Trading volume from procured logs was approximately 1.0 million 
tons.  Of  this  volume,  approximately  433,000  tons  were  sourced  from  outside  New  Zealand,  primarily  Australia. 
Approximately 492,000 tons were purchased directly from third parties in New Zealand, while the remaining 34,000 
tons were harvested from stumpage purchases and managed harvest arrangements. Approximately 44% of third-
party purchases in New Zealand were purchased at spot prices, with the New Zealand subsidiary thereby assuming 
some price risk on subsequent resale. The remaining 56% were purchased on a fixed margin basis, with the New 
Zealand  subsidiary  earning  either  a  fixed  percentage  of  the  net  export  revenue  or  a  spread  on  the  resale  price 
irrespective of subsequent price fluctuations. The New Zealand subsidiary generally seeks to mitigate its risk of loss 
on procured logs by securing export orders prior to or concurrent with its spot purchases of logs. 

The Trading segment also generates income from commissions and logistical services provided through our log 

trading activities. This income is recorded in other operating (expense) income, net as log trading marketing fees.

FOREIGN SALES AND OPERATIONS

Sales  from  non-U.S.  operations  occur  in  our  Real  Estate,  New  Zealand  Timber  and  Trading  segments  and 
comprised approximately 34% of consolidated 2020 sales. See Note 7 — Segment and Geographical Information 
for additional information.

11

COMPETITION

TIMBER

Timber  markets  in  our  Southern  and  Pacific  Northwest  regions  are  relatively  fragmented  with  price  being  the 
principal method of competition. In New Zealand, there are five other major private timberland owners accounting 
for approximately 37% of New Zealand planted forests.

The following table provides an overview of certain major competitors in each of our Timber segments: 

Segment

Southern Timber (a)

Pacific Northwest Timber (a)

Timber Funds (a)

Competitors

Weyerhaeuser Company

CatchMark Timber Trust

Hancock Timber Resource Group

Resource Management Service

Forest Investment Associates

Campbell Global

Weyerhaeuser Company

Hancock Timber Resource Group

Green Diamond Resource Company

Campbell Global

Port Blakely Tree Farms

State of Washington Department of Natural Resources

Bureau of Indian Affairs

Weyerhaeuser Company

Hancock Timber Resource Group

Green Diamond Resource Company

Campbell Global

Port Blakely Tree Farms

State of Washington Department of Natural Resources

Bureau of Indian Affairs

Sierra Pacific Industries

Fruit Growers Supply

New Forests (c)

Hearst Ranch (c)

W.M. Beaty & Associates (c)

U.S. Forest Service (c)

Michigan-California Timber Company (c)

New Zealand (b)

Hancock Natural Resource Group

Kaingaroa Timberlands

Ernslaw One

OneFortyOne Plantations

New Forests

In addition to the competitors listed, we also compete with numerous other large and small privately held timber companies.

(a)
(b) The New Zealand subsidiary competes with these and other smaller New Zealand timber companies for supply into New Zealand domestic
and export markets, predominantly China, South Korea and India. Logs supplied into Asian markets also compete with export supply from
other regions, including Europe, North America and Australia.

(c) These competitors are specific to Timber Fund III’s tree farm in California.

12

REAL ESTATE

In our Real Estate business, we compete with other owners of entitled and unentitled properties. Each property 
has  unique  attributes,  but  overall  quantity  of  supply  and  price  for  residential,  commercial,  industrial  and  rural 
properties in the geographic areas in which we operate are the most significant competitive drivers. 

TRADING

Our  log  trading  operations  are  primarily  based  out  of  New  Zealand  and  performed  by  our  New  Zealand 
subsidiary. The New Zealand market remains very competitive with over 20 entities competing for export log supply 
at different ports across the country. We are one of  the larger log trading companies in  the region with access to 
multiple export ports and a range of different export markets.

CUSTOMERS

In  2020,  no  individual  customer  (or  group  of  customers  under  common  control)  represented  10%  or  more  of 

2020 consolidated sales.

SEASONALITY

Across  all  our  segments,  results  are  normally  not  impacted  significantly  by  seasonal  changes.  However, 
significant  wet  weather  in  areas  of  our  Southern  Timber  operations  can  hinder  access  for  harvesting,  thereby 
temporarily  reducing  supply  in  the  affected  areas  and  generally  strengthening  prices.  Conversely,  extended  dry 
weather in an area tends to suppress prices as timber is more accessible for harvesting.

GOVERNMENTAL REGULATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS

We  are  subject  to  federal,  state  and  local  laws  and  regulations  in  the  United  States  and  New  Zealand  that 
could  affect  our  business,  including  those  promulgated  under  the  Foreign  Corrupt  Practices  Act,  Occupational 
Safety and Health Act, Clean Water Act, Endangered Species Act, Washington Forest Practices Act, New Zealand 
Resource Management Act, New Zealand Health & Safety At Work Act and various other environmental and safety 
laws and regulations. Our operations also are subject to various international trade agreements, tariffs, taxes and 
regulations.  While  we  believe  that  we  are  in  compliance  in  all  material  respects  with  all  applicable  governmental 
regulations,  current  governmental  regulations  may  change  or  become  more  stringent  or  unforeseen  events  may 
occur, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations.

We are aware of hazardous substances at a former saw mill site located in Port Gamble, Washington, which 
we acquired as part of our recent acquisition of Pope Resources. We have been identified as a “potentially liable 
party” at the Port Gamble site and are presently working on cleanup and remediation under the Washington Model 
Toxics Control Act, as well as the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act 
programs. We have determined that a liability has been incurred and that the amount of the loss can reasonably be 
estimated. Accordingly, we have accrued amounts on our balance sheet for losses related to this site. Compliance 
with  environmental  laws  and  regulations  and  our  remedial  environmental  obligations  historically  have  not  had  a 
material impact on our operations, and we are not aware of any proposed regulations or remedial obligations that 
could trigger significant costs or capital expenditures in connection with such compliance.

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal tax purposes pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986  and  related  U.S.  Treasury  regulations  and  administrative  guidance  (“REIT  Requirements”).  We  monitor  and 
test our compliance with all REIT Requirements and believe that we are in compliance in all material respects with 
all such current requirements. In the event we are not in compliance, or in the event, current REIT Requirements 
change  in  such  a  way  as  to  preclude  our  continuing  qualification  as  a  REIT,  such  events  could  have  a  material 
adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations.

Compliance  with  government  regulations,  including  environmental  regulations,  has  not  had,  and  based  on 
current  information  and  the  applicable  laws  and  regulations  currently  in  effect,  is  not  expected  to  have  a  material 
effect  on  our  capital  expenditures,  earnings  or  competitive  position.  However,  laws  and  regulations  may  be 
changed, accelerated or adopted that impose significant operational restrictions and compliance requirements upon 
our company and which could negatively impact our operating results. See Item 1A - Risk Factors.

13

PORT GAMBLE ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION

In  the  merger  with  Pope  Resources,  we  acquired  the  town  of  Port  Gamble,  Washington.  Portions  of  this 
property require environmental remediation under federal and state environmental laws, and remediation activities 
are  currently  ongoing.  As  such,  through  the  preliminary  purchase  price  allocation  for  the  merger  with  Pope 
Resources, we recognized environmental liabilities for the estimated fair value of liabilities assumed. See Note 2 - 
Merger  with  Pope  Resources  for  additional  information  on  the  preliminary  allocation  of  purchase  price.  For 
additional information on our environmental liabilities see Note 10 - Commitments and Note 13 - Environmental and 
Natural Resource Damage Liabilities. 

The sections below provide a history of the environmental matters in Port Gamble, Washington:

Discovery and Initial Actions

In  Port  Gamble,  Washington,  hazardous  substances  were  previously  discovered  requiring  environmental 
remediation  under  federal  and  state  environmental  laws.  The  real  estate  subject  to  environmental  remediation 
requirements  was  the  location  of  a  sawmill  operated  by  Pope  &  Talbot,  Inc.  (“P&T”)  from  1853  to  1995.  P&T 
continued  to  lease  various  portions  of  the  site  for  its  operations  until  2002.  During  the  time  P&T  operated  in  Port 
Gamble, it also conducted shipping, log storage, and log transfer operations in the tidal and subtidal waters of Port 
Gamble  Bay,  some  of  which  were  under  a  lease  from  the  Washington  State  Department  of  Natural  Resources 
(“DNR”)  that  lasted  from  1974  to  2004.  P&T’s  operations  resulted  in  the  release  of  hazardous  substances  that 
impacted  the  upland  and  submerged  portions  of  the  site.  These  substances  include  various  hydrocarbons, 
cadmium, and toxins associated with wood waste and the production of wood products. 

Following  the  mill  closure,  the  Washington  State  Department  of  Ecology  (the  “DOE”)  began  to  examine  the 
environmental conditions at Port Gamble. Under Washington law, both Pope Resources and P&T were considered 
by the DOE to be “potentially liable persons” (“PLPs”); Pope Resources because of its ownership of certain portions 
of the site, and P&T because of its historical ownership and operation of the site. P&T and Pope Resources entered 
into  a  settlement  agreement  in  2002  that  allocated  responsibility  for  environmental  contamination  at  the  townsite, 
millsite, a solid waste landfill, and adjacent water to Pope Resources, with P&T assuming responsibility for funding 
cleanup in the Port Gamble Bay and the other areas of the site that were impacted by its historical operations. 

In 2005, both Pope Resources and P&T received Environmental Excellence Awards from DOE for their work in 
remediating the contamination that had existed at the Port Gamble townsite and landfill. DOE also issued letters to 
both  parties  in  2006  indicating  that  the  agency  expected  to  take  no  further  action  regarding  conditions  at  those 
portions  of  the  site.  Pope  Resources  continued  cleaning  up  the  remaining  contamination  at  the  millsite.  By  late 
2005, the millsite portion of the site had largely been cleaned and the remaining aspects of that project consisted of 
test well monitoring and modest additional remediation. The Port Gamble Bay area and related tidelands, for which 
P&T was responsible under the parties’ settlement agreement, had not yet been remediated. In 2007, P&T filed for 
bankruptcy protection and was eventually liquidated, leaving Pope Resources as the only remaining PLP. Because 
environmental  liabilities  are  joint  and  several  as  between  PLPs,  the  result  of  P&T’s  bankruptcy  was  to  leave  the 
liability with Pope Resources as the only remaining solvent PLP.

In-water Cleanup

Beginning  in  2010,  DOE  began  to  reconsider  its  expectations  regarding  the  level  of  cleanup  that  would  be 
required  for  Port  Gamble  Bay,  largely  because  of  input  from  interested  citizens  and  groups,  one  of  the  most 
prominent  being  the  Port  Gamble  S’Klallam  Tribe.  In  response  to  input  from  these  groups,  DOE  adopted 
remediation levels that were far more stringent than either DOE or Pope Resources had contemplated previously. In 
December  2013,  Pope  Resources  and  DOE  entered  into  a  consent  decree  that  included  a  cleanup  action  plan 
(“CAP”) requiring the removal of docks and pilings, excavation and backfilling of intertidal areas, subtidal dredging 
and  monitoring,  and  other  specific  remediation  steps.  The  construction  phase  of  the  cleanup  of  the  Port  Gamble 
Bay area and related tidelands began in September 2015 and the in-water portion of the cleanup was completed in 
January 2017.

14

Millsite Cleanup

With the in-water portion of the cleanup completed, there is expected to be relatively modest cleanup activity on 
the millsite and a monitoring period. In February 2018, Pope Resources and DOE entered into an agreed order with 
respect  to  the  millsite  under  which  Pope  Resources  performed  a  remedial  investigation  and  feasibility  study  (“RI/
FS”) which it submitted to DOE for review in January 2019. Following the finalization of the RI/FS, Pope Resources 
worked with DOE to develop a CAP. As with the in-water portion of the project, the CAP will define the scope of the 
remediation  activity  for  the  millsite.  The  consent  decree,  which  includes  the  CAP,  was  entered  in  Kitsap  County 
Superior Court on November 25, 2020.

Natural Resources Damages

In addition to the cleanup costs discussed previously, certain environmental laws allow state, federal, and tribal 
trustees  (collectively,  the  “Trustees”)  to  bring  suit  against  property  owners  to  recover  natural  resource  damages 
(“NRD”). Similar to cleanup responsibility, liability for NRD can attach to a property owner simply because an injury 
to  natural  resources  resulted  from  releases  of  hazardous  substances  on  the  owner’s  property,  regardless  of 
culpability for the release. Trustees have alleged that Pope Resources had NRD liability because of releases that 
occurred on its property. Prior to the merger with Rayonier, Pope Resources began negotiations with the Trustees 
for the purpose of identifying NRD restoration projects. Those negotiations are ongoing and may ultimately result in 
agreement as to requested mitigation activities.

For additional information see Item 1A — Risk Factors.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

The research and development activities of our timber operations include genetic seedling improvement, growth 
and yield modeling, and applied silvicultural programs to identify management practices that will improve financial 
returns  from  our  timberlands.  We  also  contribute  to  research  cooperatives  that  undertake  forestry  research  and 
development.

15

INFORMATION ABOUT OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS 

David L. Nunes, 59, Mr. Nunes joined the Company in June 2014 as Chief Operating Officer, and shortly thereafter 
assumed the role of President and CEO following the Company’s spin-off of its Performance Fibers business. Prior 
to  joining  the  Company,  Mr.  Nunes  served  as  President  and  CEO  of  Pope  Resources/Olympic  Resource 
Management from 2002 to 2014. He joined Pope in 1997 as director of portfolio management. The following year, 
he  was  named  Vice  President  of  portfolio  development,  and  then  served  two  years  as  Senior  Vice  President  of 
acquisitions  and  portfolio  development  before  being  named  President  and  COO  in  2000.  Previously,  Mr.  Nunes 
spent  nine  years  with  the  Weyerhaeuser  Company,  joining  the  organization  in  1988  as  a  business  analyst  and 
advancing  through  a  number  of  leadership  roles  to  become  director  of  corporate  strategic  planning.    Mr.  Nunes 
holds a Bachelors of Arts and Economics from Pomona College and an MBA from the Tepper School of Business at 
Carnegie Mellon University.

Mark D. McHugh, 45, Mr. McHugh was appointed Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in December 
2014.  He  was  previously  Managing  Director  in  the  Real  Estate  Investment  Banking  group  at  Raymond  James, 
where he worked since 2008. Prior to joining Raymond James, Mr. McHugh was a Director in the Paper & Forest 
Products Group within the Investment Banking Division at Credit Suisse, where he worked from 2000 to 2008. Mr. 
McHugh  received  his  B.S.B.A.  in  Finance  from  the  University  of  Central  Florida  and  his  JD  from  Harvard  Law 
School.

Douglas M. Long, 50, Mr. Long currently serves as Senior Vice President, Forest Resources. Previously, he served 
as Vice President, U.S. Operations from November 2014 to December 2015 and as Director, Atlantic Region, U.S. 
Forest Resources from March 2014 to November 2014. He joined the Company in 1995 as a GIS Forestry Analyst 
and has held multiple positions of increasing responsibility within the forestry division. Mr. Long holds bachelor’s and 
master’s degrees in Forest Resources and Conservation from the University of Florida.

Christopher T. Corr, 57, Mr. Corr joined the Company in July 2013 and currently serves as Senior Vice President, 
Real  Estate  Development  and  President,  Raydient  LLC.  Prior  to  joining  Rayonier,  he  served  as  Executive  Vice 
President, Buildings and Places for AECOM from 2008 to 2013. Prior to that, Mr. Corr held various positions with 
The  St.  Joe  Company  between  1998  and  2008,  most  recently  as  Executive  Vice  President.  From  1992  to  1998, 
Mr.  Corr  was  a  senior  manager  with  The  Walt  Disney  Company,  where  he  was  a  key  member  of  the  team  that 
developed the visionary town of Celebration near Orlando, Florida. From 1990-1992, Mr. Corr served as an elected 
member of the Florida House of Representatives. He holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Florida 
and  has  completed  programs  with  the  Harvard  Real  Estate  Institute  and  the  Wharton  School  of  Business  at 
University of Pennsylvania.

Mark  R.  Bridwell,  58,  Mr.  Bridwell  was  promoted  to  Vice  President  and  General  Counsel  in  June  2014  and 
assumed  the  role  of  Corporate  Secretary  in  March  2015.  He  joined  the  Company  in  2006  as Associate  General 
Counsel for Performance Fibers. In 2009, he became Associate General Counsel for Timber and Real Estate and in 
2012 was promoted to Assistant General Counsel for Land Resources. Prior to joining Rayonier, Mr. Bridwell served 
as counsel for six years at Siemens Corporation. Previously, he was an attorney for five years with the international 
law firms of Jones, Day, Reavis & Pogue and Seyfarth, Shaw, Fairweather & Geraldson. Mr. Bridwell has a B.S.B.A. 
in Finance from the University of Central Florida, and an MBA and JD from Emory University.

Shelby L. Pyatt, 50, Ms. Pyatt was named Vice President, Human Resources and Information Technology in July 
2014.  Ms.  Pyatt  joined  Rayonier  in  2003  as  Manager,  Compensation  and  became  Director,  Compensation  and 
Employee  Services  in  2006.  She  was  named  Director,  Compensation,  Benefits  and  Employee  Services  in  2009 
before being promoted to her current position. Prior to joining Rayonier, Ms. Pyatt held human resources positions 
with CSX Corporation and Barnett Bank. Ms. Pyatt holds a bachelor’s degree in Business Management.

W. Rhett  Rogers,  44,  Mr.  Rogers  was  appointed  to  Vice  President,  Portfolio  Management  in  February  2017.  Mr.
Rogers oversees the Company’s acquisition and disposition activities, including HBU and non-strategic land sales,
as well as its land information  systems  function. He joined Rayonier in 2001 as a District Technical Forester, and
has  held  numerous  roles  of  increasing  responsibility,  most  recently  as  Director,  Land Asset  Management  before
being promoted to his current position. Mr. Rogers holds a BS in Forestry from Louisiana Tech University, and both
an MBA and MS in Forest Resources from Mississippi State University.

April J. Tice, 47, Ms. Tice was promoted to Vice President, Financial Services and Corporate Controller in March 
2019. In this position, she acts as the Company’s principal accounting officer. She joined Rayonier in 2010 and has 
worked in various roles within the finance and financial reporting departments since that time. She previously served 
as  Director,  Financial  Services  and  Corporate  Controller  before  being  promoted  to  her  current  position.  Prior  to 

16

joining Rayonier, Ms. Tice served in various accounting and/or audit roles at Deloitte & Touche, the State of Florida 
and two private companies located in Florida. Ms. Tice holds a Bachelor of Fine Arts from Florida State University 
and a Master of Accountancy with a tax concentration from the University of North Florida. Ms. Tice is a Certified 
Public Accountant in the State of Florida.

HUMAN CAPITAL

Rayonier is committed to creating an engaging and rewarding employee experience, as well as making safety a 

priority in everything we do.

Our Culture and Employee Retention

We view our culture as an asset and believe that fostering a healthy culture is critical to achieving our goals of 
being the preferred employer in the forestry industry and retaining key talent. We use various means to encourage 
communication and information sharing across the organization.

Every  two  years  we  conduct  a  formal  company-wide  employee  survey  to  provide  anonymous  feedback  to 
management.  Survey  results  are  benchmarked  against  our  third-party  provider’s  global  database,  shared  with 
employees and also reviewed with our Board of Directors to help set non-financial goals for management.

Employee Development 

We  offer  a  comprehensive  approach  to  training  and  development  which  includes  micro-  and  on-demand 
learning,  classroom  programs,  coaching  and  mentoring,  cross-functional  assignments  and  conferences.  We  also 
provide a tuition reimbursement program, which reimburses 80% of the costs of approved degree programs. 

Workplace Safety

Safety  is  a  way  of  life  and  a  cornerstone  of  Rayonier’s  culture  —  our  key  guiding  principle  is  that  all  of  our 

employees and contractors should return home safely each day.  To that end: 

• We  employ  a  systematic,  four-pronged  approach  to  developing  and  assimilating  our  safety  principles:  set

goals, communicate effectively, identify preventive measures and provide proper tools and training.

• We conduct meetings throughout our organization addressing key safety issues.

• We  offer  safety  courses  each  year  in  areas  such  as:  defensive  driving,  proper  chainsaw  use, ATV  safety,
CPR  certifications  and  first  aid,  emergency  evacuation,  slips,  trips  and  falls,  overhead  hazards,  fire
prevention,  internal  reporting  of  safety  incidents,  general  forestry  requirements  and  various  other  safety
topics.

We generally engage contractors to perform a number of critical functions, such as the planting of trees and the 
harvesting and hauling of logs. Our safety management programs are designed to use a collaborative approach to 
focus  on  both  employee  and  contractor  safety.  For  our  employees,  driving  is  generally  deemed  to  be  the  most 
hazardous  activity  associated  with  our  business  given  the  geographic  dispersion  of  our  assets.  However,  for  our 
contracted  workforce,  activities  associated  with  tree  felling,  extraction  of  logs  and  log  transportation  are  the  most 
critical risk areas. 

In  New  Zealand,  we  have  a  comprehensive  safety  management  program  that  includes  both  employees  and 
contractors  pursuant  to  local  laws  and  the  Health  &  Safety  at  Work  Act  2015.  Similar  industry  practices  and 
regulations  do  not  exist  in  the  United  States  for  contractors.  Nonetheless,  in  addition  to  our  employee  safety 
programs in the U.S., we initiated programs with our U.S. contractors to better educate them on safe work practices. 
In 2020, our contractors published 9 safety alerts and completed 1,398 training courses on safe trucking. 

Throughout  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  we  have  remained  focused  on  protecting  the  health  and  safety  of  our 
employees  and  contractors,  as  well  as  their  families  and  communities.  Shortly  after  the  outset  of  COVID-19,  we 
implemented  a  work-from-home  model  for  office  employees  and  instituted  enhanced  safety  and  social  distancing 
guidelines for field employees. This has enabled our Company and industry to continue to supply essential forest 
products while optimizing workplace safety. 

Employee Wellness

Our employee wellness program, Stay Strong, is designed to promote the overall health and well-being of our 
employees by providing education, resources, and a financial investment in our employees’ wellness. Stay Strong 
employs a comprehensive approach centered on four key areas: Health and Well-Being, Financial Wellness, Work-

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Life  Balance  and  Emotional  Health. This  includes  a  comprehensive  benefits  package,  flexible  work  arrangements 
Life  Balance  and  Emotional  Health. This  includes  a  comprehensive  benefits  package,  flexible  work  arrangements 
Life  Balance  and  Emotional  Health. This  includes  a  comprehensive  benefits  package,  flexible  work  arrangements 
and generous paid time off as well as specific workshops ans programs tailored to locations.
and generous paid time off as well as specific workshops ans programs tailored to locations.
and generous paid time off as well as specific workshops ans programs tailored to locations.

Inclusion and Diversity
Inclusion and Diversity
Inclusion and Diversity

Rayonier is focused on promoting an inclusive and diverse workforce as we believe this plays an integral role in 
Rayonier is focused on promoting an inclusive and diverse workforce as we believe this plays an integral role in 
Rayonier is focused on promoting an inclusive and diverse workforce as we believe this plays an integral role in 
maintaining an engaging employee experience. As of December 31, 2020, we had 413 employees, 314 in the U.S. 
maintaining an engaging employee experience. As of December 31, 2020, we had 413 employees, 314 in the U.S. 
maintaining an engaging employee experience. As of December 31, 2020, we had 413 employees, 314 in the U.S. 
and 99 in New Zealand. 
and 99 in New Zealand. 
and 99 in New Zealand. 

The following charts provide details on diversity at Rayonier as of December 31, 2020.
The following charts provide details on diversity at Rayonier as of December 31, 2020.
The following charts provide details on diversity at Rayonier as of December 31, 2020.

We are seeking to improve our gender and racial diversity and have initiated actions to increase the diversity of 
We are seeking to improve our gender and racial diversity and have initiated actions to increase the diversity of 
We are seeking to improve our gender and racial diversity and have initiated actions to increase the diversity of 
qualified candidates. To this end, alongside other initiatives, we have assembled an internal team to further enhance 
qualified candidates. To this end, alongside other initiatives, we have assembled an internal team to further enhance 
qualified candidates. To this end, alongside other initiatives, we have assembled an internal team to further enhance 
and  improve  our  efforts  around  promoting  a  diverse  and  inclusive  culture  where  all  employees  are  supported, 
and  improve  our  efforts  around  promoting  a  diverse  and  inclusive  culture  where  all  employees  are  supported, 
and  improve  our  efforts  around  promoting  a  diverse  and  inclusive  culture  where  all  employees  are  supported, 
empowered and valued. This team will guide policy objectives within our organization and identify initiatives to help 
empowered and valued. This team will guide policy objectives within our organization and identify initiatives to help 
empowered and valued. This team will guide policy objectives within our organization and identify initiatives to help 
increase diversity within the broader forestry industry. 
increase diversity within the broader forestry industry. 
increase diversity within the broader forestry industry. 

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AVAILABILITY OF REPORTS AND OTHER INFORMATION

Our  annual  reports  on  Form  10-K,  quarterly  reports  on  Form  10-Q,  current  reports  on  Form  8-K,  proxy 
statements and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Sections 13(a) or 14 of the Securities 
Exchange  Act  of  1934  are  made  available  to  the  public  free  of  charge  in  the  Investor  Relations  section  of  our 
website, www.rayonier.com, shortly after we electronically file such material with, or furnish them to, the Securities 
and  Exchange  Commission  (“SEC”).  Our  corporate  governance  guidelines  and  charters  of  all  committees  of  our 
board of directors are also available on our website. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference 
into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Item 1A.  RISK FACTORS

Our operations are subject to a number of risks. When considering an investment in our securities, you should 
carefully read and consider these risks, together with all other information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. If any 
of  the  events  described  in  the  following  risk  factors  actually  occur,  our  business,  financial  condition  or  operating 
results, as well as the market price of our securities, could be materially adversely affected.

ECONOMIC RISK FACTORS

We are exposed to the cyclicality of the markets in which we operate and other factors beyond our control, 
which could adversely affect our results of operations.

Some of the industries in which our end-use customers participate, such as the construction and home building 
industries,  the  global  pulp,  packaging  and  paper  industries  and  the  real  estate  industry,  are  cyclical  in  nature, 
exposing us to risks beyond our control, including general macroeconomic conditions, both in the U.S. and globally, 
as well as local economic conditions.

In  our  Timber  segments,  the  level  of  residential  construction  activity,  including  home  repair  and  remodeling 
activity, is the primary driver of sawtimber demand. In addition, demand for logs can be affected by the demand for 
wood  chips  in  the  pulp  and  paper  and  engineered  wood  products  markets,  as  well  as  the  bio-energy  production 
markets. The ongoing level of activity in these markets is subject to fluctuation due to future changes in economic 
conditions, interest rates, credit availability, population growth, weather conditions, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic 
and  other  factors.  Changes  in  global  economic  conditions,  such  as  new  timber  supply  sources  and  changes  in 
currency exchange rates, foreign interest rates and foreign and domestic trade policies, can also negatively impact 
demand for our timber and logs. In addition, the industries in which our customers participate are highly competitive 
and may experience overcapacity or reductions in demand, all of which may affect demand for and pricing of our 
products. 

In our Real Estate segment, our inability to sell our HBU properties at attractive prices could have a significant 
effect on our results of operations. Demand for real estate can be affected by the availability of capital, changes in 
interest  rates,  availability  and  terms  of  financing,  changes  in  governmental  agencies,  changes  in  developer 
confidence, actions by conservation organizations, actions by anti-development organizations, our ability to obtain 
land use entitlements and other permits necessary for our development activities, local real estate market economic 
conditions,  competition  from  other  sellers  of  land  and  real  estate  developers,  the  relative  illiquidity  of  real  estate 
investments,  employment  rates,  new  housing  starts,  the  ongoing  COVID-19  pandemic,  population  growth, 
demographics  and  federal,  state  and  local  land  use,  zoning  and  environmental  protection  laws  or  regulations 
(including any changes in laws or regulations). In addition, changes in investor interest in purchasing timberlands 
could reduce our ability to execute sales of non-strategic timberlands.

These  macroeconomic  and  cyclical  factors  impacting  our  operations  are  beyond  our  control  and,  if  such 

conditions deteriorate, could have an adverse effect on our business.

Changes in energy and fuel costs could affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Energy costs are a significant operating expense for our logging and hauling contractors and for the contractors 
who  support  the  customers  of  our  standing  timber.  Energy  costs  can  be  volatile  and  are  susceptible  to  rapid  and 
substantial  increases  or  decreases  due  to  factors  beyond  our  control,  such  as  changing  economic  conditions, 
changing environmental regulations, political unrest, instability in energy-producing nations, and supply and demand 
considerations.  Increases  in  the  price  of  oil  could  adversely  affect  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations. In addition, an increase in fuel costs, and its impact on the cost and availability of transportation for our 
products,  both  domestically  and  internationally,  and  the  cost  and  availability  of  third-party  logging  and  hauling 
contractors, could have a material adverse effect on the operating costs of our contractors and our standing timber 
customers, as well as in defining economically accessible timber stands. Such factors could in turn have a material 
adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations,  particularly  in  our  Timber  segments 
and Trading segment.

The industries in which we operate are highly competitive.

The  markets  in  which  we  operate  are  highly  competitive,  and  we  compete  with  companies  that  have 
substantially greater financial resources than we do in each of these businesses. The competitive pressures relating 
to our Timber and Timber Fund segments are primarily driven by quantity of product supply and quality of the timber 

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offered by competitors in the domestic and export markets, each of which may impact pricing. With respect to our 
Real Estate segment, we compete with other owners of entitled and unentitled properties. Each property has unique 
attributes, but overall quantity of supply and price for residential, commercial, industrial and rural properties in the 
geographic  areas  in  which  we  operate  are  the  most  significant  competitive  drivers.  The  markets  in  which  our 
Trading segment operates are very competitive with numerous entities competing for export log supply at different 
ports across New Zealand.

We are subject to risks associated with an increase in market interest rates.

One of the factors that may influence the price of our common shares is our annual dividend yield as compared 
to yields on other financial instruments. Thus, an increase in market interest rates could result in higher yields on 
other financial instruments and could adversely affect the relative attractiveness of an investment in the Company 
and,  accordingly,  the  trading  price  of  our  common  shares.  An  increase  in  market  interest  rates  could  cause 
increases in discount rates and, accordingly, a decline in property values and total returns for timberland assets. An 
increase in market interest rates would also negatively impact financing costs on our floating rate debt as well as 
any additional debt we may raise.

OPERATIONAL RISK FACTORS

Weather and other natural conditions may limit our timber harvest and sales.

Weather conditions, changes in timber growth cycles, limitations on access (for example, due to prolonged wet 
conditions) and other factors, including damage by fire, insect infestation, disease, prolonged drought and natural 
disasters  such  as  wind  storms  and  hurricanes,  may  limit  harvesting  of  our  timberlands. The  volume  and  value  of 
timber  that  can  be  harvested  from  our  timberlands  may  be  reduced  by  any  such  occurrence  and  other  causes 
beyond  our  control. As  is  typical  in  the  forestry  industry,  we  do  not  maintain  insurance  for  any  loss  to  our  timber, 
including losses due to fire and these other causes. These and other factors beyond our control could reduce our 
timber inventory and our sustainable yield, thereby adversely affecting our financial results and cash flows.

Entitlement  and  development  of  real  estate  entail  a  lengthy,  uncertain  and  costly  governmental  approval 
process, which could adversely affect our ability to grow the businesses in our Real Estate segment.

Entitlement  and  development  of  real  estate  entail  extensive  approval  processes  involving  multiple  regulatory 
jurisdictions. It is common for a project to require multiple approvals, permits and consents from U.S. federal, state 
and local governing and regulatory bodies. For example, in Florida, real estate projects must generally comply with 
the provisions of the Community Planning Act and local land use, zoning and development regulations. In addition, 
development  projects  in  Florida  that  exceed  certain  specified  regulatory  thresholds  (and  are  not  located  in  a 
jurisdiction classified as a dense urban land area or otherwise statutorily exempt) may require approval pursuant to 
the Comprehensive Plan process standards. In Washington, land use and environmental laws including the State 
Environmental Policy Act of 1971, Shoreline Management Act of 1971, Growth Management Act of 1990, and Land 
Use  Petition  Act  of  1995,  together  with  consumer  protection  laws  like  the  Land  Development  Act  of  1973  and 
Uniform  Common  Interest  Ownership  Act  of  2018,  and  other  state  laws  and  corresponding  local  plans  and 
regulations, have tended over time to increase the costs, risks, and potential liabilities of land development projects 
in that state and to give opponents of land development projects the increased ability to delay, prevent, and appeal 
governmental approvals of those projects in some cases and to trigger in other cases the imposition by government 
agencies  of  increased  mitigation  measures  and  other  conditions  of  project  approval.  Compliance  with  these  and 
other  regulations  and  standards  is  more  time  intensive  and  costly  and  may  require  additional  long  range 
infrastructure review and approvals, which can add to project cost. In addition, development of properties containing 
delineated  wetlands  may  be  affected  by  revisions  to  the  definition  of  wetlands  subject  to  state  and/or  federal 
regulation  and  may  require  one  or  more  permits  from  the  U.S.  federal  government  and/or  state  and  local 
governmental agencies. Any of these issues can materially affect the cost, timing and economic viability of our real 
estate projects.

The real estate entitlement process is frequently a political one, which involves uncertainty and often extensive 
negotiation and concessions in order to secure and maintain the necessary approvals and permits. In the U.S., a 
significant  amount  of  our  development  property  is  located  in  jurisdictions  in  which  local  governments  face 
challenging issues relating to growth and development, including zoning and future land use, public services, water 
availability, transportation and other infrastructure, concurrency requirements, affordable housing, land conservation 
efforts,  and  funding  for  same,  and  the  requirements  of  state  law,  especially  in  the  case  of  Florida  under  the 
Community  Planning  Act  process  standards  and  in  Washington  under  growth  management.  In  addition,  anti-

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development  groups  are  active,  especially  in  Florida  and  Washington,  in  filing  litigation  to  oppose  particular 
entitlement activities and development projects, and in seeking legislation and other anti-development limitations on 
real estate development activities. We expect this type of anti-development activity to continue in the future.

Entitlement  and  development  of  real  estate  are  also  subject  to  lengthy,  uncertain  and  costly  implementation 
processes. Real estate development requires adequate soil and land conditions, water resources, access and utility 
infrastructure,  labor  force,  and  weather  conditions.  Requirements  for  these  items  may  vary  depending  upon  the 
contemplated development of the land for residential, commercial or industrial users, and may change from time to 
time,  including  from  the  period  of  entitlement  to  the  delivery  of  a  developed  property.  Large-scale  developments 
may  involve  commitments  from  government  agencies  or  third  parties  related  to  the  delivery  of  infrastructure 
improvements (such as roads, bridges, sidewalks, water, sewer and other utilities), the certainty and timing of which 
are outside of our control. An adverse change in any of these items – including unexpected changes caused by the 
COVID-19  pandemic,  which  are  continuing  –  could  materially  affect  the  cost,  timing  and  economic  viability  of  our 
real estate projects.

Changes  in  the  laws,  or  interpretation  or  enforcement  thereof,  regarding  the  use  and  development  of  real 
estate, changes in the political composition of state and local governmental bodies, impacts from the pandemic, and 
the identification of new facts regarding our properties could lead to new or greater costs, delays and liabilities that 
could materially adversely affect our business, profitability or financial condition.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic.

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results 

of operations.

Epidemics,  pandemics  or  other  such  crises  or  public  health  concerns  in  regions  of  the  world  where  we  have 
operations  or  sell  products,  could  result  in  the  disruption  of  our  business.  Specifically,  the  ongoing  COVID-19 
outbreak  has  resulted  in  increased  travel  restrictions  and  extended  shutdowns  of  certain  businesses  around  the 
world,  as  well  as  a  deterioration  of  general  economic  conditions.  These  or  any  governmental  or  other  regulatory 
developments  or  health  concerns  in  countries  in  which  we  operate  or  export  to  could  result  in  operational 
restrictions or social and economic instability, or labor shortages. At this point in time, there is substantial uncertainty 
relating to the potential impact of COVID-19 on our business. Infections may continue to spread, which could limit 
our ability to timely harvest, sell and transport our timber, restrict our operations or cause supply chain disruptions 
for  us  and  our  customers.  In  addition,  we  also  face  risks  and  costs  associated  with  implementation  of  business 
continuity  plans  and  modified  work  conditions,  including  making  required  resources  available  to  our  workforce  to 
enable them to continue essential work. Any of these developments could have a negative impact on our business, 
financial condition and operating results. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic could continue to adversely affect the 
economies and markets of many countries, resulting in a further economic downturn that could impact the pricing or 
demand  for  timber,  real  estate,  and  especially  housing,  which  could  have  an  adverse  effect  on  our  business, 
operating results and financial condition, as well as market value of our securities. Further, our customers may be 
negatively impacted due to the general decline in business and operating conditions and constraints on their own 
liquidity  and  access  to  capital  relating  to  COVID-19,  which  could  increase  our  counterparty  credit  exposure.  The 
continued spread of COVID-19 has also led to disruption and volatility in the global capital markets. This could lead 
to further volatility in interest and exchange rates, increase our cost of capital, and adversely impact our access to 
capital, credit ratings or overall liquidity.

We depend on third parties for logging and transportation services and increases in the costs or decreases 
in the availability of quality service providers could adversely affect our business.

Our  Timber  segments  depend  on  logging  and  transportation  services  provided  by  third  parties,  both 
domestically and internationally, including by railroad, trucks, or ships. If any of our transportation providers were to 
fail to deliver timber supply or logs to our customers in a timely manner, or were to damage timber supply or logs 
during transport, we may be unable to sell it at full value, or at all. During the global financial crisis and subsequent 
downturn  in  U.S.  housing  starts,  timber  harvest  volumes  declined  significantly.  As  a  result,  many  logging 
contractors,  particularly  cable  logging  operators  in  the  western  U.S.,  permanently  shut  down  their  operations. As 
harvest  levels  have  returned  to  higher  levels  with  the  recovery  in  U.S.  housing  starts,  this  shortage  of  logging 
contractors has resulted in sharp increases in logging costs and more limited availability of logging contractors. It is 
expected  that  the  supply  of  qualified  logging  contractors  will  be  impacted  by  the  availability  of  debt  financing  for 
equipment purchases as well as the availability of adequately trained loggers. As housing starts continue to recover, 
harvest levels are expected to increase, placing more pressure on the existing supply of logging contractors. Any 

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significant  failure  or  unavailability  of  third-party  logging  or  transportation  providers,  or  increases  in  transportation 
rates or fuel costs, may result in higher logging costs or the inability to capitalize on stronger log prices to the extent 
logging  contractors  cannot  be  secured  at  a  competitive  cost.  Such  events  could  harm  our  reputation,  negatively 
affect our customer relationships and adversely affect our business.

We are subject to risks associated with doing business outside of the U.S.

Although  the  majority  of  our  customers  are  in  the  U.S.,  a  significant  portion  of  our  sales  are  to  end  markets 
outside of the U.S., including China, South Korea, Japan, India, and New Zealand. The export of our products into 
international markets results in risks inherent in conducting business pursuant to international laws, regulations and 
customs. We expect that international sales will continue to contribute  to future growth. The risks associated with 
our business outside the U.S. include:

•

•

•

•

•

•
•
•
•
•

changes in and reinterpretations of the laws, regulations and enforcement priorities of the countries in which
our products are sold;
responsibility  to  comply  with  anti-bribery  laws  such  as  the  U.S.  Foreign  Corrupt  Practices Act  and  similar
anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions;

trade  protection  laws,  policies  and  measures  and  other  regulatory  requirements  affecting  trade  and
investment, including loss or modification of exemptions for taxes and tariffs, imposition of new tariffs and
duties and import and export licensing requirements;
continuing negative impacts from the imposition and/or threatened imposition of substantial tariffs on forest
products imports into China in connection with current trade tensions between China and the U.S.;
business disruptions arising from public health crises and outbreaks of communicable diseases, especially
in China, including the outbreak of the virus known as the coronavirus;
difficulty in establishing, staffing and managing non-U.S. operations;
product damage or losses incurred during shipping;
potentially negative consequences from changes in or interpretations of tax laws;
economic or political instability, inflation, recessions and interest rate and exchange rate fluctuations;
uncertainties regarding non-U.S. judicial systems, rules and procedures; and

These risks could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our estimates of timber inventories and growth rates may be inaccurate, which could impair our ability to 
realize expected revenues.

We rely upon estimates of merchantable timber inventories (which include judgments regarding inventories that 
may  be  lawfully  and  economically  harvested),  timber  growth  rates  and  end-product  yields  when  acquiring  and 
managing  working  forests.  These  estimates,  which  are  inherently  inexact  and  uncertain  in  nature,  are  central  to 
forecasting our anticipated timber revenues and expected cash flows. Growth rates and end-product yield estimates 
are developed using statistical sampling, harvest results and growth and yield modeling, in conjunction with industry 
research cooperatives and by in-house forest biometricians, using measurements of trees in research plots spread 
across our timberland holdings. The growth equations predict the rate of height and diameter growth of trees so that 
foresters can estimate the volume of timber that may be present in a tree stand at a given age. Tree growth varies 
by  species,  soil  type,  geographic  area,  and  climate.  Errors  in  or  inappropriate  application  of  growth  equations  in 
forest management planning may lead to inaccurate estimates of future volumes. If the assumptions we rely upon 
change  or  these  estimates  are  inaccurate,  our  ability  to  manage  our  timberlands  in  a  sustainable  or  profitable 
manner may be diminished, which may cause our results of operations and our stock price to be adversely affected.

Our businesses are subject to extensive environmental laws and regulations that may restrict or adversely 
affect our ability to conduct our business.

Environmental laws and regulations are constantly changing and are generally becoming more restrictive. Laws, 
regulations  and  related  judicial  decisions  and  administrative  interpretations  affecting  our  business  are  subject  to 
change, and new laws  and  regulations  are  frequently enacted. These changes may adversely affect our  ability to 
harvest  and  sell  timber,  remediate  contaminated  properties  and/or  entitle  real  estate. These  laws  and  regulations 
may relate to, among other things, the protection of timberlands and endangered species, recreation and aesthetics, 
protection  and  restoration  of  natural  resources,  surface  water  quality,  timber  harvesting  practices,  and  remedial 
standards for contaminated property and groundwater. Over time, the complexity and stringency of these laws and 

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regulations  have  increased  and  the  enforcement  of  these  laws  and  regulations  has  intensified.  For  example,  the 
U.S.  Environmental  Protection  Agency  (“EPA”)  has  pursued  a  number  of  initiatives  that,  if  implemented,  could 
impose  additional  operational  and  pollution  control  obligations  on  industrial  facilities  like  those  of  Rayonier’s 
customers, especially in the area of air emissions and wastewater and stormwater control. In addition, as a result of 
certain  judicial  rulings  and  state  and  federal  initiatives,  including  some  that  would  require  timberland  operators  to 
obtain permits to conduct certain ordinary course forestry activities, silvicultural practices on our timberlands could 
be  impacted  in  the  future.  Environmental  laws  and  regulations  will  likely  continue  to  become  more  restrictive  and 
over time could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If regulatory and environmental permits are delayed, restricted or rejected, a variety of our operations could be 
adversely  affected.  We  are  required  to  seek  permission  from  government  agencies  in  the  states  and  countries  in 
which we operate to perform certain activities related to our properties. Any of these agencies could delay review of, 
or  reject,  any  of  our  filings.  In  our  Southern  Timber,  Pacific  Northwest  Timber,  New  Zealand  Timber  and  Timber 
Fund segments, any delay associated with a filing could result in a delay or restriction in replanting, thinning, insect 
control, fire control or harvesting, any of which could have an adverse effect on our operating results. For example, 
in Washington State, we are required to file a Forest Practice Application for each unit of timberland to be harvested. 
These  applications  may  be  denied,  conditioned  or  restricted  by  the  regulatory  agency. Actions  by  the  regulatory 
agencies could delay or restrict timber harvest activities pursuant to these permits. Delays or harvest restrictions on 
a significant number of applications could have an adverse effect on our operating results. 

Environmental  groups  and  interested  individuals  may  seek  to  delay  or  prevent  a  variety  of  operations.  We 
expect  that  environmental  groups  and  interested  individuals  will  intervene  with  increasing  frequency  in  the 
regulatory  processes  in  the  states  and  countries  where  we  own,  lease  or  manage  timberlands.  For  example,  in 
Washington  State,  environmental  groups  and  interested  individuals  may  appeal  individual  forest  practice 
applications  or  file  petitions  with  the  Forest  Practices  Board  to  challenge  the  regulations  under  which  forest 
practices are approved. These and other challenges could materially delay or prevent operations on our properties. 
For example, interveners at times may bring legal action in Florida in opposition to entitlement and change of use of 
timberlands  to  commercial,  industrial  or  residential  use.  Delays  or  restrictions  due  to  the  intervention  of 
environmental  groups  or  interested  individuals  could  adversely  affect  our  operating  results.  In  addition  to 
intervention  in  regulatory  proceedings,  interested  groups  and  individuals  may  file  or  threaten  to  file  lawsuits  that 
seek  to  prevent  us  from  obtaining  permits,  implementing  capital  improvements  or  pursuing  operating  plans. Any 
threatened or actual lawsuit could delay harvesting on our timberlands, affect how we operate or limit our ability to 
modify or invest in our real estate. Among the remedies that could be enforced in a lawsuit is a judgment preventing 
or restricting harvesting on a portion of our timberlands.

Third-party operators may create environmental liabilities. We lease and/or grant easements across some of our 
properties  to  third-party  operators  for  the  purpose  of  operating  communications  towers,  generating  renewable 
energy  (wind  and  solar),  operating  pipelines  for  the  transport  of  gases  and  liquids,  and  exploring,  extracting, 
developing and producing oil, gas, rock and other minerals. These activities are subject to federal, state and local 
laws and regulations. These operations may also create risk of environmental liabilities for an unlawful discharge of 
oil, gas, chemicals or other materials into the air, soil or water. Generally, these third-party operators indemnify us 
against  any  such  liability,  and  we  require  that  they  maintain  liability  insurance  to  the  extent  practical  to  do  so. 
However, if for any reason our third-party operators are not able to honor their obligations to us, or if insurance is 
not  in  effect,  then  it  is  possible  that  we  could  be  responsible  for  costs  associated  with  environmental  liabilities 
caused by such third-party operators.

The  impact  of  existing  regulatory  restrictions  on  future  harvesting  activities  may  be  significant.  U.S.  federal, 
state and local laws and regulations, as well as those of other countries, which are intended to protect threatened 
and  endangered  species,  as  well  as  waterways  and  wetlands,  limit  and  may  prevent  timber  harvesting,  road 
building and other activities on our timberlands. Restrictions relating to threatened and endangered species apply to 
activities  that  would  adversely  impact  a  protected  species  or  significantly  degrade  its  habitat.  The  size  of  the 
restricted area varies depending on the protected species, the time of year and other factors, but can range from 
less than one acre to several thousand acres. A number of species that naturally live on or near our timberlands, 
including,  among  others,  the  northern  spotted  owl,  marbled  murrelet,  several  species  of  salmon  and  trout  in  the 
Pacific  Northwest,  and  the  red  cockaded  woodpecker,  red  hills  salamander,  Louisiana  pine  snake  and  eastern 
indigo snake in the Southeast, are protected under the Federal Endangered Species Act (the “ESA”) or similar U.S. 
federal and state laws. A significant number of other species, such as the southeastern gopher tortoise are currently 
under  review  for  possible  protection  under  the  ESA. As  we  gain  additional  information  regarding  the  presence  of 
threatened or endangered species on our timberlands, or if other regulations, such as those that require buffers to 

24

protect water bodies, become more restrictive, the amount of our timberlands subject to harvest restrictions could 
increase.

We  formerly  owned  or  operated  or  may  own  or  acquire  timberlands  or  properties  that  may  require 
environmental  remediation  or  otherwise  be  subject  to  environmental  and  other  liabilities.  We  owned  or  operated 
manufacturing facilities and discontinued operations that we do not currently own, and we may currently own or may 
acquire  timberlands  and  other  properties  in  the  future  that  are  subject  to  environmental  liabilities,  such  as 
remediation of soil, sediment and groundwater contamination and other existing or potential liabilities. In connection 
with  the  spin-off  of  our  Performance  Fibers  business,  and  pursuant  to  the  related  Separation  and  Distribution 
Agreement  between  us  and  Rayonier  Advanced  Materials,  Rayonier  Advanced  Materials  has  assumed  any 
environmental liability of ours in connection with the manufacturing facilities and discontinued operations related to 
the  Performance  Fibers  business  and  has  agreed  to  indemnify  and  hold  us  harmless  in  connection  with  such 
environmental  liabilities.  However,  in  the  event  we  seek  indemnification  from  Rayonier  Advanced  Materials,  we 
cannot provide any assurance that a court will enforce our indemnification right if challenged by Rayonier Advanced 
Materials or that Rayonier Advanced Materials will be able to fund any amounts for indemnification owed to us. In 
addition, the cost of investigation and remediation of contaminated timberlands and properties that we currently own 
or  acquire  in  the  future  could  increase  operating  costs  and  adversely  affect  financial  results.  We  could  also  incur 
substantial  costs,  such  as  civil  or  criminal  fines,  sanctions  and  enforcement  actions  (including  orders  limiting  our 
operations  or  requiring  corrective  measures,  installation  of  pollution  control  equipment  or  other  remedial  actions), 
clean-up and closure costs, and third-party claims for property damage and personal injury as a result of violations 
of, or liabilities under, environmental laws and regulations related to such timberlands or properties.

REIT AND TAX-RELATED RISK FACTORS

Loss of our REIT status would adversely affect our cash flow and stock price.

We intend to continue to operate in accordance with REIT requirements pursuant to the Internal Revenue Code 
of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and related U.S. Treasury regulations and administrative guidance. Qualification 
as  a  REIT  involves  the  application  of  highly  technical  and  complex  provisions  of  the  Code,  which  are  subject  to 
change, perhaps retroactively, and which are not within our control. We cannot assure that we will remain qualified 
as a REIT or that new legislation, U.S. Treasury regulations, administrative interpretations or court decisions will not 
significantly  affect  our  ability  to  remain  qualified  as  a  REIT  or  the  U.S.  federal  income  tax  consequences  of  such 
qualification. 

We continually monitor and test our compliance with all REIT requirements. In particular, we regularly test our 
compliance with the REIT “asset tests,”  which require generally that, at the close of each calendar quarter: (1) at 
least 75% of the market value of our total assets must consist of REIT-qualifying interests in real property (such as 
timberlands), including leaseholds and options to acquire real property and leaseholds, as well as cash and cash 
items and certain other specified assets, (2) no more than 25% of the market value of our total assets may consist 
of other assets that are not qualifying assets for purposes of the 75% test in clause (1) above, and (3) no more than 
20% (25% for calendar years prior to 2018) of the market value of our total assets may consist of the securities of 
one  or  more  “taxable  REIT  subsidiaries.” As  of  December  31,  2020,  Rayonier  is  in  compliance  with  these  asset 
tests. 

If in any taxable year we fail to qualify as a REIT and are not entitled to relief under the Code, we will not be 
allowed a deduction for dividends paid to shareholders in computing our taxable income and we will be subject to 
U.S. federal income tax on our REIT taxable income. In addition, we will be disqualified from qualification as a REIT 
for the four taxable years following the year during which the qualification was lost, unless we are entitled to relief 
under  certain  provisions  of  the  Code.  As  a  result,  our  net  income  and  the  cash  available  for  distribution  to  our 
shareholders  could  be  reduced  for  up  to  five  years  or  longer,  which  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our 
financial condition. 

If  we  fail  to  remain  qualified  as  a  REIT,  we  may  also  need  to  borrow  funds  or  liquidate  some  investments  or 
assets  to  pay  any  resulting  additional  tax  liability. Accordingly,  cash  available  for  distribution  to  our  shareholders 
would be reduced.

Certain of our business activities are potentially subject to prohibited transactions tax.

As  a  REIT,  we  will  be  subject  to  a  100%  tax  on  any  net  income  from  “prohibited  transactions.”  In  general, 
prohibited transactions are sales or other dispositions of property to customers in the ordinary course of business. 

25

Sales of logs, and dealer sales of timberlands or other real estate, constitute prohibited transactions unless the sale 
satisfies certain safe harbor provisions in the Code.

We  intend  to  avoid  the  100%  prohibited  transactions  tax  by  complying  with  the  prohibited  transaction  safe 
harbor  provisions  and  conducting  activities  that  would  otherwise  be  prohibited  transactions  through  one  or  more 
taxable REIT subsidiaries. We may not, however, always be able to identify timberland properties that become part 
of our “dealer” real estate sales business. Therefore, if we sell timberlands which we incorrectly identify as property 
not  held  for  sale  to  customers  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  we  may  be  subject  to  the  100%  prohibited 
transactions tax.

Failure of Operating Partnership to maintain status as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

We  believe  our  Operating  Partnership  qualifies  as  a  partnership  for  U.S.  federal  income  tax  purposes. As  a 
partnership, our Operating Partnership is not subject to U.S. federal income tax on its income. Instead, each of the 
partners is allocated its share of our Operating Partnership’s income. We cannot assure you, however, that the IRS 
will not challenge the status of our Operating Partnership as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If 
the IRS were to successfully challenge the status of our Operating Partnership as a partnership, it would be taxable 
as a corporation. In such event, this would reduce the amount of distributions that our Operating Partnership could 
make,  which  could  have  further  implications  as  to  our  ability  to  maintain  our  status  as  a  REIT.  This  would 
substantially  reduce  our  cash  available  to  pay  distributions  and  the  return  on  a  unitholder  and/or  shareholder’s 
investment. 

Our cash dividends and Operating Partnership distributions are not guaranteed and may fluctuate.

Generally, REITs are required to distribute 90% of their ordinary taxable income, but not their net capital gains 
income. Accordingly, we do not generally believe that we are required to distribute material amounts of cash since 
substantially  all  of  our  taxable  income  is  generally  treated  as  capital  gains  income.  However,  a  REIT  must  pay 
corporate level tax on its undistributed taxable income and capital gains.

Our  Board  of  Directors,  in  its  sole  discretion,  determines  the  amount  of  quarterly  dividends  to  be  paid  to  our 
shareholders based on consideration of a number of factors. These factors include, but are not limited to, our results 
of operations, cash flow and capital requirements, economic conditions, tax considerations, borrowing capacity and 
other factors, including debt covenant restrictions that may impose limitations on cash payments, future acquisitions 
and divestitures, harvest levels, changes in the price and demand for our products and general market demand for 
timberlands,  including  those  timberland  properties  that  have  higher  and  better  uses.  Consequently,  our  dividend 
levels  may  fluctuate.  Because  our  Operating  Partnership  distributions  are  aligned  with  the  dividend,  such 
distributions may also fluctuate.

Lack  of  shareholder  ownership  and  transfer  restrictions  in  our  articles  of  incorporation  may  affect  our 
ability to qualify as a REIT.

In order to qualify as a REIT, an entity cannot have five or fewer individuals who own, directly or indirectly after 
applying attribution of ownership rules, 50% or more of the value of its outstanding shares during the last six months 
in each calendar year. Although it is not required by law or the REIT provisions of the Code, almost all REITs have 
adopted ownership and transfer restrictions in their articles of incorporation or organizational documents which seek 
to assure compliance with that rule. While we are not in violation of the ownership rules, we do not have, nor do we 
have any current plans to adopt, share ownership and transfer restrictions. As such, the possibility exists that five or 
fewer  individuals  could  acquire  50%  or  more  of  the  value  of  our  outstanding  shares,  which  could  result  in  our 
disqualification as a REIT.

GENERAL RISK FACTORS

We are subject to risks associated with the discontinuation of LIBOR.

The  U.K.  Financial  Conduct  Authority  announced  in  2017  that  it  intends  to  phase  out  the  London  Interbank 
Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) by the end of 2021. While the original deadline may be extended, changes in the method of 
calculating LIBOR, or the replacement of LIBOR with an alternative rate or benchmark, may adversely affect interest 
rates  and  could  result  in  higher  borrowing  costs.  In  addition,  if  changes  are  made  to  the  method  of  calculating 
LIBOR  or  LIBOR  ceases  to  exist,  we  may  need  to  amend  certain  contracts,  including  our  credit  facility  and  swap 
arrangements, and we cannot predict what alternative rate or benchmark would be negotiated. This may also result 
in an increase in our interest rate expense. 

26

 
The impacts of climate-related initiatives, at the international, U.S. federal and state levels, remain uncertain 
at this time.

There continue to be numerous international, U.S. federal and state-level initiatives and proposals to address 
domestic  and  global  climate  issues.  Within  the  U.S.,  most  of  these  proposals  would  regulate  and/or  tax  the 
production  of  carbon  dioxide  and  other  “greenhouse  gases”  to  facilitate  the  reduction  of  carbon  compound 
emissions into the atmosphere, and provide tax and other incentives to produce and use “cleaner” energy.

In  late  2009,  the  EPA  issued  an  “endangerment  finding”  under  the  Clean  Air  Act  with  respect  to  certain 
greenhouse  gases,  leading  to  the  regulation  of  carbon  dioxide  as  a  pollutant  under  the  Clean Air Act  and  having 
significant  ramifications  for  Rayonier  and  the  industry  in  general.  In  this  regard,  the  EPA  has  published  various 
regulations, affecting the operation of existing and new industrial facilities that emit carbon dioxide. As a result of the 
EPA’s  decision  to  regulate  greenhouse  gases  under  the  Clean Air Act,  states  will  now  have  to  consider  them  in 
permitting new or modified facilities.

Overall, it is reasonably likely that legislative and regulatory activity in this area will in some way affect Rayonier 
and  the  U.S.  customers  of  our  Southern  Timber,  Pacific  Northwest  Timber  and  Timber  Fund  segments,  but  it  is 
unclear  at  this  time  what  the  nature  of  the  impact  will  be.  We  continue  to  monitor  political  and  regulatory 
developments  in  this  area,  but  their  overall  impact  on  Rayonier,  from  a  cost,  benefit  and  financial  performance 
standpoint, remains uncertain at this time. In addition, the EPA has yet to finalize the treatment of biomass under 
greenhouse gas regulatory schemes, leaving Rayonier’s biomass customers in a position of uncertainty.

Item 1B.  UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

27

Item 2.  PROPERTIES

Our  timber  operations  are  comprised  of  our  core  timberland  holdings,  which  are  disaggregated  into  three 
geographically distinct reporting segments: Southern Timber, Pacific Northwest Timber and New Zealand Timber in 
addition  to  our  timber  fund  holdings,  which  represents  our  ownership  in Timber  Funds  II,  III  and  IV. The  following 
table provides a breakdown of our timberland holdings as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2020:

(acres in 000s)

As of September 30, 2020

As of December 31, 2020

Owned

Leased

Total

Owned

Leased

Total

Core Timberland Holdings

Southern

Alabama

Arkansas
Florida

Georgia
Louisiana

Oklahoma
South Carolina
Texas

Pacific Northwest 

Oregon
Washington

New Zealand (a)

Total

226 

— 
328 

608 
140 

92 
16 
183 
1,593 

61 
442 
503 

185 
2,281 

14 

7 
63 

72 
— 

— 
— 
— 
156 

— 
4 
4 

231 
391 

240 

7 
391 

680 
140 

92 
16 
183 
1,749 

61 
446 
507 

416 
2,672 

223 

— 
327 

602 
140 

92 
16 
181 
1,581 

61 
442 
503 

185 
2,269 

14 

6 
61 

71 
— 

— 
— 
— 
152 

— 
4 
4 

232 
388 

237 

6 
388 

673 
140 

92 
16 
181 
1,733 

61 
446 
507 

417 
2,657 

(a)

Represents legal acres owned and leased by the New Zealand subsidiary, in which Rayonier owns a 77% interest. As of December 31,
2020, legal acres in New Zealand were comprised of 296,000 plantable acres and 121,000 non-productive acres.

(acres in 000s)

Timber Funds
Oregon............................................

Washington.....................................

California.........................................

Total...............................................

Timber Fund Holdings
As of September 30, 2020

As of December 31, 2020

Total

Look-through

Total

Look-through

51 

71 

19 

141 

7 

9 

1 

17 

51 

71 

19 

141 

7 

9 

1 

17 

28

(acres in 000s)

As of September 30, 2020

As of December 31, 2020

Total Timberland Under Management

Total

Total

Southern...................................................................
Pacific Northwest......................................................

New Zealand.............................................................
Timber Funds............................................................

Total.........................................................................

1,749 
507 

416 
141 

2,813 

1,733 
507 

417 
141 

2,798 

The  following  tables  detail  changes  in  our  portfolio  of  owned  and  leased  timberlands  by  state  from 

December 31, 2019 to December 31, 2020:

(acres in 000s)

Southern

Alabama
Florida
Georgia
Louisiana
Mississippi
Oklahoma
South Carolina
Texas

Pacific Northwest 

Oregon
Washington

New Zealand (b)
Total 

December 31, 
2019

Acquisitions

Sales

Other (a)

December 31, 
2020

Acres Owned

226 
331 
628 
128 
67 
92 
18 
184 
1,674 

61 
318 
379 

185 
2,238 

— 
— 
— 
12 
— 
— 
— 
— 
12 

— 
120 
120 

— 
132 

(3)
(9)
(26)
— 
(67)
— 
(2)
(3)
(110)

— 
— 
— 

— 
(110)

—
5
—
— 
—
— 
—
—
5

— 
4 
4 

— 
9

223 
327 
602 
140 
— 
92 
16 
181 
1,581 

61 
442 
503 

185 
2,269 

(a)
(b)

Includes adjustments for land mapping reviews.
Represents legal acres owned by the New Zealand subsidiary, in which Rayonier has a 77% interest.

29

(acres in 000s)

Southern

Alabama

Arkansas
Florida

Georgia

Pacific Northwest
Washington

New Zealand (c)

Total 

December 31, 
2019

New Leases

Acres Leased
Sold/Expired 
Leases (a)

Other (b)

December 31, 
2020

14 

7 
63 

77 
161 

— 

229 
390 

— 

— 
— 

— 
— 

4 

3 
7 

— 

(1)
(2)

(6)
(9)

— 

— 
(9)

— 

—
—

—
—

— 

— 
—

14 

6 
61 

71 
152 

4 

232 
388 

Includes acres previously under lease that have been harvested and activity for the relinquishment of leased acres.
Includes adjustments for land mapping reviews.

(a)
(b)
(c) Represents legal acres leased by the New Zealand subsidiary, in which Rayonier has a 77% interest.

The  following  table  details  activity  in  our  timber  fund  holdings  by  state  from  December  31,  2019  to 

December 31, 2020:

(acres in 000s)

Fund II

Oregon.........................................
Washington..................................

Total Fund II

Look-through share of Fund II

Fund III

Oregon.........................................
Washington..................................

California......................................

Total Fund III
Look-through share of Fund III

Fund IV..............................................
Oregon.........................................

Washington..................................

Total Fund IV
Look-through share of Fund IV

Total Timber Funds..........................
Look-through share of Funds.........

December 31, 
2019

Acquisitions

Sales

Other

December 31, 
2020

Acres Owned

18 
13 
31 
6 

13 
25 

19 

57 

3 

20 

33 

53 

8 

141 
17 

— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

18 
13 
31 
6 

13 
25 

19 

57 

3 

20 

33 

53 

8 

141 
17 

— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

30

TIMBERLAND LEASES & DEEDS

See Note 5 - Leases for more information on U.S. and New Zealand timberland leases including lease terms 

and renewal provisions.

The following table details our acres under lease as of December 31, 2020 by type of lease and estimated lease 

expiration:
(acres in 000s)

Location
Southern.............. Fixed Term

Type of Lease

Fixed Term with Renewal Option (a)

Pacific Northwest. Fixed Term (b)

New Zealand....... CFL - Perpetual (c)

CFL - Fixed Term (c)

CFL - Terminating (c)

Forestry Right (c)

Fixed Term Land Leases

Total Acres under Long-term Leases...........................

Lease Expiration

Total

2021-2030

2031-2040

2041-2050

Thereafter

138 

14 

4 

77 

3 

9 

127 

16 

388 

90 

7 

— 

— 

— 

1 

18 

— 

116 

42 

7 

1 

— 

— 

— 

26 

— 

76 

— 

— 

2 

— 

— 

8 

9 

2 

21 

6 

— 

1 

77 

3 

— 

74 

14 

175 

Includes approximately 6,000 acres of timber deeds.

(a)
(b) Primarily timber reservations acquired in the merger with Pope Resources.
(c) Estimated lease expiration / termination based on the earlier of: (1) the scheduled expiration / termination date, or (2) the estimated year of

final harvest before such expiration / termination date.

The following table details our estimated leased acres, lease expirations and lease costs over the next five years:

(acres and dollars in 000s, except per acre amounts)

Location
Southern..................

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

Pacific Northwest ...

New Zealand...........

Leased Acres Expiring (a)

Year-end Leased Acres (a)

Estimated Annual Lease Cost (a)(b)

Average Lease Cost per Acre (a)

6 

146 

$4,333 

$29.56 

11 

135 

$4,009 

$30.03 

35 

100 

$3,783 

$31.40 

3 

97 

27 

70 

$3,150 

$34.44 

$3,061 

$34.65 

Leased Acres Expiring

Year-End Leased Acres (c)

— 

4 

— 

4 

— 

4 

— 

4 

— 

4 

Leased Acres Expiring

Year-end Leased Acres

Estimated Annual Lease Cost (b)(e)

Average Lease Cost per Acre (d)(e)

— 

232 

$4,446 

$23.63 

11 

221 

$4,382 

$23.56 

— 

221 

$4,382 

$23.56 

— 

221 

$4,382 

$23.56 

1 

220 

$4,382 

$23.56 

Includes timber deeds.

(a)
(b) Represents capitalized and expensed lease payments.
(c) Primarily timber reservations acquired in the merger with Pope Resources for which no lease payments are made.
(d) Excludes lump sum payments.
(e) Based on the year-end foreign exchange rate.

OTHER NON-TIMBERLAND LEASES

See Note 5 - Leases for information on other non-timberland leases.

31

Item 3. 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The information set forth under Note 12 — Contingencies is incorporated herein by reference. 

Item 4. 

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

32

PART II

Item 5. 

MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 

AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Rayonier Inc.

MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY

Rayonier Inc.’s common shares are publicly traded on the NYSE, the only exchange on which our shares are 

listed, under the trading symbol RYN. Shares of the Company have no par value. 

DIVIDENDS

Common  stock  cash  dividends  during  the  years  ended  December  31,  2020,  2019  and  2018  aggregated  to 

$1.08, $1.08 and $1.06, respectively.

HOLDERS

Including institutional holders, there were approximately 5,170 shareholders of record of our common shares on 

February 12, 2021. 

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

From  time  to  time,  the  Company  may  issue  shares  of  common  stock  in  exchange  for  units  in  the  Operating 
Partnership.  Such  shares  are  issued  based  on  an  exchange  ratio  of  one  common  share  for  each  unit  in  the 
Operating Partnership. During the quarter ended December 31, 2020, the Company issued 16,253 common shares 
in  exchange  for  an  equal  number  of  units  in  the  Operating  Partnership  pursuant  to  the  Operating  Partnership 
agreement.

ISSUER REPURCHASES

In February 2016, the Board of Directors approved the repurchase of up to $100 million of Rayonier’s common 
shares (the “share repurchase program”) to be made at management’s and the Board of Directors’ discretion. The 
program has no time limit and may be suspended or discontinued at any time. There were no shares repurchased 
under  this  program  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2020.  Based  on  the  period-end  closing  stock  price  of  $29.38  at 
December 31, 2020, there was $87.7 million, or approximately 2,985,992 shares, remaining under this program.

The  following  table  provides  information  regarding  our  purchases  of  Rayonier  common  shares  during  the 

quarter ended December 31, 2020:

Period
October 1 to October 31................................
November 1 to November 30........................
December 1 to December 31........................
Total..................................

Total 
Number of 
Shares 
Purchased 
(a)

— 
29 
— 
29 

Average 
Price 
Paid per 
Share

— 
$27.70 
— 

Total Number of 
Shares 
Purchased as 
Part of Publicly 
Announced Plans 
or Programs (b)

Maximum Number 
of Shares that 
May Yet Be 
Purchased Under 
the Plans or 
Programs (c)

— 
— 
— 
— 

3,456,598
3,114,251
2,985,992

(a)

Includes the Company’s common shares purchased from employees in non-open market transactions. The shares were sold by employees
of the Company in exchange for cash that was used to pay withholding taxes associated with the vesting of share-based awards under the
Company’s Incentive Stock Plan. The price per share surrendered is based on the closing price of the Company’s common shares on the
respective vesting dates of the awards.

(b) Purchases made in open-market transactions under the $100 million share repurchase program announced on February 10, 2016.

(c) Maximum number of shares authorized to be purchased at the end of October, November and December are based on month-end closing

stock prices of $25.38, $28.17 and $29.38, respectively.

33

 
 
Rayonier, L.P.

MARKET FOR UNITS OF THE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP

There is no public trading market for Operating Partnership units.

HOLDERS

Including institutional holders, there were approximately 16 holders of record of our Operating Partnership units 

(other than the Company) on February 12, 2021. 

DISTRIBUTIONS

The  distribution  rate  on  the  Operating  Partnership’s  units  is  equal  to  the  dividend  rate  on  Rayonier  Inc.’s 

common shares.  

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

There  were  no  unregistered  sales  of  equity  securities  made  by  the  Operating  Partnership  during  the  quarter 

ended December 31, 2020.

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Pursuant  to  the  Operating  Partnership’s  limited  partnership  agreement,  limited  partners  have  the  right  to 
redeem their Operating Partnership units for cash, or at our election, shares of Rayonier Common Stock on a one-
for-one  basis.  During  the  quarter  ended  December  31,  2020,  16,253  Operating  Partnership  units  held  by  limited 
partners were redeemed in exchange for shares of Rayonier Common Stock.

34

STOCK PERFORMANCE GRAPH

The  following  graph  compares  the  performance  of  Rayonier’s  common  shares  (assuming  reinvestment  of 
dividends) with a broad-based market index (Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) 500), and two industry-specific indices (the 
S&P Global Timber and Forestry Index and the S&P 1500 Real Estate Index).1 

The  table  and  related  information  below  shall  not  be  deemed  to  be  “filed”  with  the  SEC,  nor  shall  such 
information  be  incorporated  by  reference  into  any  future  filing  under  the  Securities  Act  of  1933  or  Securities 
Exchange Act  of  1934,  each  as  amended,  except  to  the  extent  that  the  Company  specifically  incorporates  it  by 
reference into such filing.

The data in the following table was used to create the above graph as of December 31:

2015
Rayonier Inc...................................................................................... $100
S&P 500® Index.................................................................................
100
S&P® Global Timber and Forestry Index..........................................
S&P® 1500 Real Estate Sector Index1..............................................

100
100

2016
$124
112

111
109

2017
$153
136

146
124

2018
$138
130

117
122

2019
$170
171

136
167

2020
$159
203

161
179

1 Based on constituents as of December 31, 2020 and excludes entities that were not publicly traded for the entire comparative period. 

Item 6. 

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

Not applicable.

35

 
 
Item 7. 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF 
OPERATIONS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

OUR COMPANY

We  are  a  leading  timberland  real  estate  investment  trust  (“REIT”)  with  assets  located  in  some  of  the  most 
productive  softwood  timber  growing  regions  in  the  U.S.  and  New  Zealand.  Our  revenues,  operating  income  and 
cash  flows  are  primarily  derived  from  the  following  core  business  segments:  Southern  Timber,  Pacific  Northwest 
Timber,  New  Zealand  Timber,  Timber  Funds,  Real  Estate  and  Trading.  We  own  or  lease  under  long-term 
agreements approximately 2.2 million acres of timberland and real estate in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, 
Louisiana, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas and Washington. Additionally, we act as a managing member 
in  a  private  equity  timber  fund  business  with  three  funds  comprising  approximately  141,000  acres  in  Oregon, 
Washington  and  California.  On  a  “look-through”  basis,  our  ownership  in  the  timber  fund  business  equates  to 
approximately  17,000  acres.  We  also  have  a  77%  ownership  interest  in  Matariki  Forestry  Group,  a  joint  venture 
(“New Zealand subsidiary”), that owns or leases approximately 417,000 gross acres (296,000 net plantable acres) 
of timberlands in New Zealand. 

Across our timberland management segments, we sell standing timber (primarily at auction to third parties) and 
delivered  logs.  Sales  from  our  timber  segments  include  all  activities  related  to  the  harvesting  of  timber  and  other 
value-added  activities  such  as  the  licensing  of  properties  for  hunting  and  the  leasing  of  properties  for  mineral 
extraction  and  cell  towers.  We  believe  we  are  the  second  largest  publicly-traded  timberland  REIT  and  the  fourth 
largest  private  timberland  owner  in  the  United  States.  Our  Real  Estate  business  manages  all  property  sales  and 
seeks  to  maximize  the  value  of  our  properties  that  are  more  valuable  for  development,  recreational  or  residential 
uses than for growing timber, and opportunistically sells non-strategic timberlands. Our Trading segment, primarily 
consisting of activity by the New Zealand subsidiary, markets and sells timber owned or acquired from third parties 
in New Zealand and Australia.

CURRENT YEAR DEVELOPMENTS

During  2020,  we  acquired  approximately  15,000  acres  of  timberlands  for  $24.7  million,  excluding  the  merger 
with  Pope  Resources.  For  additional  information  on  acquisitions,  see  Note  4  —  Timberland  Acquisitions.  For 
additional information related to the Pope Resources merger, see Note 2 - Merger with Pope Resources.

INDUSTRY AND MARKET CONDITIONS

The demand for timber is directly related to the underlying demand for pulp, paper, packaging, lumber and other 
wood products. The significant majority of timber sold in our Southern Timber segment is consumed domestically. 
With a higher proportion of pulpwood, our Southern Timber segment relies heavily on downstream markets for pulp 
and paper, and to a lesser extent wood pellet markets. Our Pacific Northwest Timber and Timber Funds segments 
rely  primarily  on  domestic  customers  but  also  export  a  significant  volume  of  timber,  particularly  to  China.  The 
Southern Timber, Pacific Northwest Timber and Timber Fund segments rely on the strength of U.S. lumber markets 
as well as underlying housing starts. Our New Zealand Timber segment sells timber to domestic New Zealand wood 
products  mills  and  also  exports  a  significant  portion  of  its  volume  to  markets  in  China,  South  Korea  and  India.  In 
addition  to  market  dynamics  in  the  Pacific  Rim,  the  New  Zealand Timber  segment  is  subject  to  foreign  exchange 
fluctuations, which can impact the operating results of the segment in U.S. dollar terms. 

As  the  current  novel  coronavirus  (“COVID-19”)  pandemic  continues  to  evolve,  the  expected  duration  and  the 
extent of economic disruption it may ultimately cause remain uncertain. On March 19, 2020, the U.S. Department of 
Homeland  Security  issued  a  memorandum  identifying  the  forest  products  industry  as  a  “critical  infrastructure 
industry,” which led to continued operations in 2020. Our New Zealand operations remained fully-operational during 
the remainder of the year after a government-mandated shutdown halted production from March 25, 2020 to April 
27, 2020. Local, state and federal governments continue to evaluate policies and restrictions in order to mitigate the 
spread of COVID-19. Additional government-mandated shutdowns or shelter-in-place orders in markets in which we 
operate could negatively impact our results. Further, prolonged periods of lower overall business activity as a result 
of  COVID-19  could  cause  significant  damage  to  the  underlying  economy,  which  would  likely  impact  U.S.  timber 
markets. We will continue to monitor COVID-19 and its impact on the markets in which we operate going forward.

36

 
In  2020,  pricing  in  the  U.S.  South  remained  relatively  flat  versus  the  prior  year,  with  a  slight  decrease  in 
pulpwood  prices  offset  by  improved  sawtimber  prices.  Both  pulpwood  and  sawtimber  pricing  tend  to  be  driven  by 
local market supply and demand dynamics, which vary considerably based on the available inventory of logs, local 
market  mill  demand,  and  access  to  export  markets.  In  the  Pacific  Northwest,  average  log  prices  for  2020  were 
higher when compared to the prior year, primarily driven by improved sawtimber pricing resulting from pandemic-
induced housing construction and repair and remodeling activity. In New Zealand, average log prices for 2020 were 
lower  than  the  prior  year,  driven  primarily  by  the  buildup  of  log  inventories  in  China  as  a  result  of  COVID-19 
lockdowns in the early part of the year. However, export prices were notably higher in the fourth quarter of 2020 due 
to  a  restriction  on  competing  log  imports  to  China  from  Australia  amid  escalating  political  and  trade  tensions 
between the two countries.

  We are also subject to the risk of price fluctuations in our major cost components. The primary components of 
our  cost  of  sales  are  the  cost  basis  of  timber  sold  (depletion),  the  cost  basis  of  real  estate  sold  and  logging  and 
transportation  costs  (cut  and  haul).  Depletion  includes  the  amortization  of  capitalized  costs  (site  preparation, 
planting  and  fertilization,  real  estate  taxes,  timberland  lease  payments  and  certain  payroll  costs).  Other  costs 
include amortization of capitalized costs related to road and bridge construction and software, depreciation of fixed 
assets and equipment, road maintenance, severance and excise taxes, fire prevention and real estate commissions 
and closing costs.

In Real Estate, overall demand and pricing for HBU properties remained exceptionally strong in 2020. This was 
driven in part by historically low mortgage rates coupled with higher demand for rural land since the outset of the 
pandemic. In addition, we saw increased interest in our improved development properties, specifically Wildlight, our 
development project north of Jacksonville, Florida, and Richmond Hill, our development project south of Savannah, 
Georgia.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND USE OF ESTIMATES

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  requires  us  to  establish  accounting  policies  and  make  estimates, 
assumptions  and  judgments  that  affect  our  assets,  liabilities,  revenues  and  expenses,  and  to  disclose  contingent 
assets and liabilities in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. We base these estimates and assumptions on historical 
data  and  trends,  current  fact  patterns,  expectations  and  other  sources  of  information  we  believe  are  reasonable. 
Actual results may differ from these estimates.

CAPITALIZED COSTS INCLUDED IN TIMBER BASIS

Timber is stated at the lower of cost or market value. Costs relating to acquiring, planting and growing timber, 
including real estate taxes, site preparation and direct support costs relating to facilities, vehicles and supplies, are 
capitalized.  A  portion  of  timberland  lease  payments  are  capitalized  based  on  the  proportion  of  acres  with 
merchantable timber volume remaining to be harvested under the lease term and the residual portion of the lease 
payments are expensed as incurred. Payroll costs are capitalized for time spent on timber growing activities, while 
interest or any other intangible costs are not capitalized.

MERCHANTABLE INVENTORY AND DEPLETION COSTS AS DETERMINED BY TIMBER HARVEST MODELS

An annual depletion rate is established for each particular region by dividing the cost of merchantable inventory 
(including  costs  described  above)  by  standing  merchantable  inventory  volume.  Pre-merchantable  records  are 
maintained  for  each  planted  year  age  class,  including  acres  planted,  stems  per  acre  and  costs  of  planting  and 
tending. 

Significant  assumptions  and  estimates  are  used  in  the  recording  of  timber  inventory  and  depletion  costs. 
Factors that can impact timber volume include weather changes, losses due to natural causes, differences in actual 
versus estimated growth rates and changes in the age when timber is considered merchantable. A 3% company-
wide  change  in  estimated  standing  merchantable  inventory  would  have  caused  an  estimated  change  of 
approximately $4.7 million to 2020 depletion expense.

  Merchantable  standing  timber  inventory  is  estimated  by  our  land  information  services  group  annually,  using 
industry-standard  computer  software.  The  inventory  calculation  takes  into  account  growth,  in-growth  (annual 
transfer of oldest pre-merchantable age class into merchantable inventory), timberland sales and the annual harvest 
specific  to  each  business  unit.  The  age  at  which  timber  is  considered  merchantable  is  reviewed  periodically  and 
updated for changing harvest practices, future harvest age profiles and biological growth factors.

37

 
 
 
 
Acquisitions  of  timberland  can  also  affect  the  depletion  rate.  Upon  the  acquisition  of  timberland,  we  make  a 
determination  whether  to  combine  the  newly-acquired  merchantable  timber  with  an  existing  depletion  pool  or  to 
create a new pool. The determination is based on the geographic location of the new timber, the customers/markets 
that will be served and species mix. During 2020, we acquired 15,000 acres of timberlands in Alabama, Georgia, 
Louisiana and New Zealand. These acquisitions did not have a material impact on 2020 depletion rates. Through 
our  merger  with  Pope  Resources,  we  acquired  124,000  acres  of  timberlands  in  Washington,  which  had  an  $11.1 
million impact on depletion expense in the Pacific Northwest Timber segment. Also as a result of the merger with 
Pope  Resources,  we  are  now  the  managing  member  in  a  private  equity  timber  fund  business  comprising 
approximately 141,000 acres in Washington, Oregon and California. New depletion pools have been established for 
this volume, resulting in no impact on previously existing depletion rates.

REVENUE RECOGNITION 

See Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.

DETERMINING  THE  ADEQUACY  OF  PENSION  AND  OTHER  POSTRETIREMENT  BENEFIT  ASSETS  AND 
LIABILITIES

  We have one qualified non-contributory defined benefit pension plan covering a portion of our employees and 
an unfunded plan that provides benefits in excess of amounts allowable under current tax law in the qualified plan. 
The qualified and unfunded plans are closed to new participants. 

In  2020,  we  recognized  $0.1  million  of  pension  and  postretirement  benefit  cost  due  to  interest  costs  and 
amortization of losses, primarily offset by the expected return on plan assets. Numerous estimates and assumptions 
are required to determine the proper amount of pension and postretirement liabilities and annual expense to record 
in our financial statements. The key assumptions include discount rate, return on assets, health care cost trends, 
mortality  rates  and  longevity  of  employees. Although  there  is  authoritative  guidance  on  how  to  select  most  of  the 
assumptions, some degree of judgment is exercised in selecting these assumptions. Different assumptions, as well 
as  actual  versus  expected  results,  would  change  the  periodic  benefit  cost  and  funded  status  of  the  benefit  plans 
recognized  in  the  financial  statements.  Effective  December  31,  2016,  we  froze  benefits  for  all  employees 
participating in the pension plans. See Note 18 — Employee Benefit Plans for additional information.

DEFERRED TAX ITEMS

The  Timber  and  Real  Estate  operations  conducted  within  our  REIT  are  generally  not  subject  to  U.S.  income 
taxation.  We  expect  any  variability  in  our  effective  tax  rate  and  the  amount  of  cash  taxes  to  be  paid  to  be  driven 
primarily by our New Zealand Timber and Trading segments, as our other business operations are conducted within 
our U.S. REIT subsidiaries. However, the assessment of the ability to realize certain deferred tax assets, or estimate 
deferred  tax  liabilities,  remains  subjective.  See  Note  11  —  Income  Taxes  for  additional  information  about  our 
unrecognized tax benefits.

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

We  account  for  business  combinations  using  the  acquisition  method  of  accounting,  under  which  all  assets 
acquired  and  liabilities  assumed,  including  amounts  attributable  to  noncontrolling  interests,  are  recorded  at  their 
respective  fair  values  as  of  the  acquisition  date. The  excess  of  the  purchase  price  over  fair  values  of  identifiable 
assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. The preliminary allocation of purchase price in a business combination 
uses significant assumptions and estimates. Critical estimates include, but are not limited to, future expected cash 
flows,  including  revenues  and  expenses,  and  applicable  discount  rates.  While  we  believe  our  estimates  and 
assumptions  to  be  reasonable,  they  are  subject  to  change  as  we  obtain  additional  information  related  to  those 
estimates during the applicable measurement periods (up to one year from the acquisition date). Pursuant to ASC 
805, our financial statements are not retrospectively adjusted for any changes to the recorded values that occur in 
subsequent periods. Rather, we recognize any change in recorded values during the reporting period in which the 
adjustments  are  determined.  We  also  record,  in  the  same  period’s  financial  statements,  the  effect  on  earnings  of 
changes  in  depletion,  depreciation,  amortization,  or  other  income  effects,  if  any,  as  a  result  of  any  change  to  the 
recorded values, calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. See Note 2 — Merger 
with Pope Resources for additional information.

38

 
 
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Summary of our results of operations for the three years ended December 31:

Financial Information (in millions of dollars)

2020

2019

2018

Sales

Southern Timber...................................................................................................................
Pacific Northwest Timber.....................................................................................................
New Zealand Timber............................................................................................................
Timber Funds

$191.8 
120.8 
202.3 
29.6 

$194.1 
85.4 
241.9 
— 

$170.0 
109.8 
249.0 
— 

Real Estate 

Improved Development........................................................................................................
Unimproved Development....................................................................................................
Rural (a)...............................................................................................................................
Timberlands & Non-Strategic - U.S. (a)...............................................................................
Timberlands & Non-Strategic - N.Z......................................................................................
Conservation Easement.......................................................................................................
Deferred Revenue/Other (b)................................................................................................
Large Dispositions................................................................................................................
Total Real Estate..................................................................................................................
Trading...........................................................................................................................................

Intersegment Eliminations..............................................................................................................
Total Sales....................................................................................................................................

14.5 
8.4 
67.2 
19.3 
— 
3.1 
0.9 
116.0 
229.3 
89.0 
(3.6) 
$859.2 

5.9 
19.5 
47.7 
1.3 
— 
— 
0.5 
— 
74.9 
115.4 
(0.1) 
$711.6 

Operating Income (Loss)
Southern Timber............................................................................................................................

Pacific Northwest Timber...............................................................................................................
New Zealand Timber......................................................................................................................
Timber Funds.................................................................................................................................
Real Estate (c)...............................................................................................................................
Trading...........................................................................................................................................
Corporate and other.......................................................................................................................

Operating Income........................................................................................................................
Interest Expense............................................................................................................................
Interest and other miscellaneous income, net...............................................................................
Income Tax Expense......................................................................................................................
Net Income (c)..............................................................................................................................
Less: Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest in consolidated affiliates.........
Net Income Attributable to Rayonier, L.P. (c)............................................................................
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in the Operating Partnership............
Net Income Attributable to Rayonier Inc. (c).............................................................................

$41.3 
(10.0) 
30.0 
(13.2) 
72.0 
(0.5) 
(45.2) 
74.4 
(38.8) 
1.2 
(7.0) 
29.8 
7.8 
$37.6 
(0.5) 
$37.1 

$57.8 
(12.4) 
48.0 
— 
38.7 
— 
(25.1) 
107.0 
(31.7) 
5.3 
(12.9) 
67.7 
(8.6) 
$59.1 
— 
$59.1 

Adjusted EBITDA (d)
Southern Timber............................................................................................................................
Pacific Northwest Timber...............................................................................................................
New Zealand Timber......................................................................................................................
Timber Funds.................................................................................................................................
Real Estate....................................................................................................................................
Trading...........................................................................................................................................
Corporate and other.......................................................................................................................
Total Adjusted EBITDA (d)..........................................................................................................

$109.1 
37.1 
55.0 
1.8 
91.4 
(0.5) 
(26.6) 
$267.4 

$119.7 
16.7 
75.8 
— 
59.5 
— 
(23.9) 
$247.8 

8.4 
8.6 
46.3 
47.4 
27.9 
— 
— 
— 
138.6 
148.8 
(0.1) 
$816.1 

$44.2 
8.1 
62.8 
— 
76.2 
1.0 
(22.3) 
170.1 
(32.1) 
4.6 
(25.3) 
117.3 
(15.1) 
$102.2 
— 
$102.2 

$102.8 
40.9 
90.8 
— 
123.4 
1.0 
(21.1) 
$337.7 

(a)

(b)

(c)
(d)

The years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 reflect the reclassification of certain real estate sales between the Rural and
Timberland & Non-Strategic sales categories to better align with the way management internally evaluates real estate sales. See Note 3 -
Revenue for additional information.
Includes  deferred  revenue  adjustments,  revenue  true-ups  and  marketing  fees  related  to  Improved  Development  sales  in  addition  to
residential and commercial lease revenue.
The 2020 results include $28.7 million related to Large Dispositions.
Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure defined and reconciled in Item 7 - Performance and Liquidity Indicators.

39

Southern Timber Overview

2020

2019

2018

Sales Volume (in thousands of tons)
Pine Pulpwood.......................................................................
Pine Sawtimber......................................................................

Total Pine Volume................................................................
Hardwood..............................................................................

Total Volume........................................................................

3,804 
2,243 

6,047 
152 

6,199 

3,640 
2,191 

5,831 
235 

6,066 

3,444 
2,034 

5,478 
240 

5,718 

Percentage Delivered Sales..................................................
Percentage Stumpage Sales.................................................

 41% 
 59% 

 33% 
 67% 

 30% 
 70% 

Net Stumpage Prices (dollars per ton)
Pine Pulpwood.......................................................................
Pine Sawtimber......................................................................

Weighted Average Pine.......................................................
Hardwood..............................................................................

Weighted Average Total......................................................

Summary Financial Data (in millions of dollars)
Timber Sales..........................................................................
Less: Cut, Haul & Freight.......................................................

Net Stumpage Sales............................................................

Non-Timber Sales..................................................................

Total Sales............................................................................

Operating Income..................................................................
(+) Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events (a).........
(+) Depreciation, depletion and amortization.........................
Adjusted EBITDA (b)..............................................................

$15.83 
25.72 
$19.50 
11.52 
$19.30 

$170.2 
(50.6) 
$119.6 

21.6 
$191.8 

$41.3 
6.0 
61.8 
$109.1 

$16.42 
24.86 
$19.59 
16.93 
$19.49 

$159.2 
(41.0) 
$118.2 

35.0 
$194.1 

$57.8 
— 
61.9 
$119.7 

$16.20 
25.59 
$19.69 
12.27 
$19.37 

$143.9 
(33.1) 
$110.8 

26.1 
$170.0 

$44.2 
— 
58.6 
$102.8 

Other Data
Year-End Acres (in thousands)..............................................

1,733 

1,835 

1,807 

(a) Timber  write-offs  resulting  from  casualty  events  include  the  write-off  of  merchantable  and  pre-merchantable  timber  volume  destroyed  by

casualty events which cannot be salvaged.

(b) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure defined and reconciled in Item 7 - Performance and Liquidity Indicators.

40

Pacific Northwest Timber Overview

2020

2019

2018

Sales Volume (in thousands of tons)
Pulpwood...............................................................................
Sawtimber..............................................................................

Total Volume........................................................................

297 
1,306 

1,603 

254 
956 

1,211 

299 
1,007 

1,305 

Sales Volume (converted to MBF)
Pulpwood...............................................................................

Sawtimber..............................................................................

Total Volume........................................................................

28,184 

169,715 
197,899 

24,109 

126,717 
150,826 

28,307 

132,795 
161,102 

Percentage Delivered Sales..................................................

Percentage Sawtimber Sales................................................

 90% 

 82% 

 94% 

 79% 

 86% 

 77% 

Delivered Log Pricing (in dollars per ton)
Pulpwood...............................................................................
Sawtimber..............................................................................
Weighted Average Log Price.................................................

Summary Financial Data (in millions of dollars)
Timber Sales..........................................................................
Less: Cut and Haul................................................................

Net Stumpage Sales............................................................

Non-Timber Sales..................................................................

Total Sales............................................................................

Operating (Loss) Income.......................................................
(+) Depreciation, depletion and amortization.........................
Adjusted EBITDA (a)..............................................................

$35.51 
84.93 
$75.44 

$116.6 
(54.6) 
$62.0 

4.2 
$120.8 

($10.0) 
47.1 
$37.1 

$41.09 
78.41 
$70.34 

$82.7 
(45.9) 
$36.8 

2.7 
$85.4 

($12.4) 
29.2 
$16.7 

$47.82 
96.24 
$84.29 

$106.5 
(44.9) 
$61.5 

3.4 
$109.8 

$8.1 
32.8 
$40.9 

Other Data
Year-End Acres (in thousands)..............................................

Sawtimber (in dollars per MBF) (b)........................................

Estimated Percentage of Export Volume...............................

507 

$666 

 10% 

379 

$587 

 17% 

378 

$725 

 23% 

(a) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure defined and reconciled in Item 7 - Performance and Liquidity Indicators.

(b) Delivered Sawtimber excluding chip-n-saw.

41

New Zealand Timber Overview

2020

2019

2018

Sales Volume (in thousands of tons)
Domestic Pulpwood (Delivered)...........................................
Domestic Sawtimber (Delivered).........................................

Export Pulpwood (Delivered)...............................................
Export Sawtimber (Delivered)..............................................

Total Volume.......................................................................

Delivered Log Pricing (in dollars per ton)
Domestic Pulpwood.............................................................

Domestic Sawtimber............................................................
Export Sawtimber.................................................................

Weighted Average Log Price................................................

Summary Financial Data (in millions of dollars)
Timber Sales........................................................................
Less: Cut and Haul..............................................................
Less: Port and Freight Costs...............................................

Net Stumpage Sales...........................................................

Non-Timber Sales / Carbon Credits.....................................

Total Sales..........................................................................

Operating Income.................................................................
(+) Depreciation, depletion and amortization.......................
Adjusted EBITDA (a)............................................................

Other Data
New Zealand Dollar to U.S. Dollar Exchange Rate (b)........
Net Plantable Year-End Acres (in thousands)......................
Export Sawtimber (in dollars per JAS m3)............................
Domestic Sawtimber (in $NZD per tonne)...........................

470 
665 

133 
1,221 

2,488 

$33.79 

70.37 
98.47 

$78.17 

$194.5 
(77.6) 
(42.9) 
$74.0 

7.8 
$202.3 

$30.0 
25.0 
$55.0 

490 
803 

148 
1,290 

2,731 

$37.93 

77.85 
105.65 

$84.75 

$231.4 
(88.1) 
(51.0) 
$92.3 

10.5 
$241.9 

$48.0 
27.8 
$75.8 

507 
864 

94 
1,210 

2,675 

$37.00 

83.29 
117.03 

$90.44 

$241.9 
(85.9) 
(49.5) 
$106.5 

7.1 
$249.0 

$62.8 
28.0 
$90.8 

0.6522 
296 
$114.50 
$118.69 

0.6615 
295 
$122.84 
$129.46 

0.6935 
289 
$136.07 
$132.22 

(a) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure defined and reconciled in Item 7 - Performance and Liquidity Indicators.

(b) Represents the period average rates for each year.

42

Timber Funds Overview

Sales Volume (in thousands of tons)

Pulpwood........................................................................................

Sawtimber......................................................................................

Total Volume.................................................................................

Summary Financial Data (in millions of dollars)

Timber Sales..................................................................................

Less: Cut and Haul.........................................................................

Net Stumpage Sales.....................................................................

Non-Timber Sales

Timberland Management Fees......................................................

Total Sales....................................................................................

Operating Loss...............................................................................

Operating loss attributable to NCI in Timber Funds.......................

(+) Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events attributable to 
Rayonier (a)....................................................................................

(+) Depreciation, depletion and amortization (“Look-through”)......

Adjusted EBITDA (b)....................................................................

Other Data

Year-End Acres (in thousands).......................................................

“Look-through” Year-End Acres (in thousands)..............................

2020

2019

2018

27 

288 

315 

$26.0 

(10.2) 

$15.8 

$0.1 

3.4 

$29.6 

($13.2) 

11.6 

1.8 

1.6 

$1.8 

141 

17 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(a) Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events attributable to Rayonier include the write-off of merchantable and pre-merchantable timber

volume destroyed by casualty events which cannot be salvaged.

(b) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure defined and reconciled in Item 7 - Performance and Liquidity Indicators.

Trading Overview

Sales Volume (in thousands of tons)

U.S. Pacific Northwest......................................................................

NZ Trading - Domestic......................................................................

NZ Trading - Export..........................................................................

Total Volume...................................................................................

Summary Financial Data (in millions of dollars)

Trading Sales....................................................................................

Non-Timber Sales.............................................................................

Total Sales.......................................................................................

Operating (Loss) Income..................................................................

Adjusted EBITDA (a).......................................................................

2020

2019

2018

1 

28 

931 

960 

$87.6 

1.4 

$89.0 

($0.5) 

($0.5) 

1 

67 

1,039 

1,107 

$114.6 

0.8 

$115.4 

— 

— 

— 

90 

1,221 

1,311 

$148.1 

0.7 

$148.8 

$1.0 

$1.0 

(a) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure defined and reconciled in Item 7 - Performance and Liquidity Indicators.

43

Real Estate Overview

2020

2019

2018

Sales (in millions of dollars)
Improved Development (a).....................................................
Unimproved Development......................................................

Rural (b).................................................................................
Timberland & Non-Strategic - U.S. (b)...................................

Timberland & Non-Strategic - N.Z..........................................
Conservation Easement.........................................................

Deferred Revenue/Other (d)..................................................
Large Dispositions (c)............................................................
Total Sales............................................................................

Acres Sold
Improved Development (a).....................................................
Unimproved Development .....................................................
Rural (b).................................................................................
Timberland & Non-Strategic - U.S. (b)...................................
Timberland & Non-Strategic - N.Z. (e)....................................
Large Dispositions (c)............................................................
Total Acres Sold...................................................................

Price per Acre (dollars per acre)
Improved Development (a).....................................................
Unimproved Development......................................................
Rural (b).................................................................................
Timberland & Non-Strategic  - U.S. (b)..................................
Timberland & Non-Strategic  - N.Z. .......................................
Large Dispositions (c)............................................................
Weighted Average (Total) (f)...................................................
Weighted Average (Adjusted) (g)...........................................

$14.5 
8.4 

67.2 
19.3 

— 
3.1 

0.9 
116.0 
$229.3 

330 
570 
22,437 
20,701 
— 
66,946 
110,984 

$43,957 
14,780 
2,993 
930 
— 
1,733 
$2,483 
$2,170 

Total Sales (Excluding Large Dispositions)............................

$113.3 

Operating Income...................................................................

(+) Depreciation, depletion and amortization - U.S................

(+) Depreciation, depletion and amortization - N.Z................

(+) Non-cash cost of land and improved development - U.S.

(–) Large Dispositions (c).......................................................

Adjusted EBITDA (h)..............................................................

$72.0 

17.7 

— 

30.4 

(28.7) 

$91.4 

$5.9 
19.5 

47.7 
1.3 

— 
— 

0.5 
— 
$74.9 

44 
1,196 
15,089 
821 
— 
— 
17,151 

$132,412 
16,290 
3,158 
1,629 
— 
— 
$4,335 
$4,002 

$74.9 

$38.7 

8.2 

— 

12.6 

— 

$59.5 

$8.4 
8.6 

46.3 
47.4 

27.9 
— 

— 
— 
$138.6 

44 
751 
11,427 
16,396 
4,996 
— 
33,614 

$189,154 
11,486 
4,050 
2,889 
5,588 
— 
$4,121 
$3,878 

$138.6 

$76.2 

19.1 

4.5 

23.6 

— 

$123.4 

(a) Reflects land with capital invested in infrastructure improvements.
(b) The years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 reflect the reclassification of certain real estate sales between the Rural and
Timberland & Non-Strategic sales categories to better align with the way management internally evaluates real estate sales. See Note 3 -
Revenue for additional information.

(c) Large  Dispositions  are  defined  as  transactions  involving  the  sale  of  timberland  that  exceed  $20  million  in  size  and  do  not  have  a
demonstrable  premium  relative  to  timberland  value.  In  2020,  we  completed  the  disposition  of  approximately  67,000  acres  located  in
Mississippi for a sales price and a gain of approximately $116.0 million and $28.7 million, respectively.
Includes  deferred  revenue  adjustments,  revenue  true-ups  and  marketing  fees  related  to  Improved  Development  sales  in  addition  to
residential and commercial lease revenue.

(d)

(e) New Zealand Timberland & Non-Strategic represents productive acres.
(f) Excludes Large Dispositions.
(g) Excludes Improved Development and Large Dispositions.
(h) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure defined and reconciled in Item 7 - Performance and Liquidity Indicators.

44

Capital Expenditures By Segment

2020

2019

2018

Timber Capital Expenditures (in millions of dollars)
Southern Timber

Reforestation, silvicultural and other capital expenditures........

Property taxes............................................................................
Lease and timber deed payments.............................................

Allocated overhead....................................................................

Subtotal Southern Timber...........................................................
Pacific Northwest Timber

Reforestation, silvicultural and other capital expenditures........

Property taxes............................................................................
Allocated overhead....................................................................

Subtotal Pacific Northwest Timber............................................
New Zealand Timber

Reforestation, silvicultural and other capital expenditures........
Property taxes............................................................................
Lease and timber deed payments.............................................
Allocated overhead....................................................................

Subtotal New Zealand Timber....................................................

Total Timber Segments Capital Expenditures .........................
Timber Funds (“Look-through”) (a)................................................
Real Estate....................................................................................
Corporate.......................................................................................

Total Capital Expenditures.....................................................

Timberland Acquisitions
Southern Timber............................................................................
Pacific Northwest Timber...............................................................
New Zealand Timber......................................................................

Total Timberland Acquisitions...............................................

$20.7 

6.8 
3.5 

4.4 
$35.5 

6.5 

0.8 
4.1 

$18.8 

7.1 
4.4 

4.3 
$34.6 

7.4 

0.7 
3.1 

$11.4 

$11.2 

8.9 
0.7 
4.3 
2.7 
$16.6 
$63.5 
0.3 
0.4 
— 
$64.2 

$24.2 
— 
0.5 
$24.7 

9.4 
0.6 
4.7 
2.6 
$17.4 
$63.2 
— 
0.2 
0.6 
$64.0 

$98.9 
7.3 
36.0 
$142.3 

$20.0 

6.6 
4.6 

4.2 
$35.4 

6.2 

0.8 
2.4 

$9.3 

9.7 
0.7 
4.1 
2.8 
$17.3 
$62.0 
— 
0.3 
— 
$62.3 

$45.9 
— 
11.7 
$57.6 

Real Estate Development Investments (b)................................

$6.5 

$6.8 

$9.5 

(a) The year ended December 31, 2020 excludes $2.3 million of capital expenditures attributable to noncontrolling interests in Timber Funds.
(b) The years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 include $1.0 million and $3.7 million, respectively, of reimbursements from

community development bonds.

45

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS, 2020 VERSUS 2019 
(millions of dollars)

The following tables summarize sales, operating income and Adjusted EBITDA variances for 2020 versus 2019: 

Sales 

Southern 
Timber

Pacific 
Northwest 
Timber

2019................

$194.1 

Volume............

Price................

Non-timber 
sales................

Foreign 
exchange (a)...

Other...............

2.6 

(1.2) 

(13.3) 

— 

9.6  (b)

$85.4 

12.0 

13.2 

1.5 

— 

New 
Zealand 
Timber

$241.9 

(20.5) 

(10.3) 

(2.5) 

(1.0) 

Timber 
Funds

Real 
Estate

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

$74.9 

113.0 

(78.9) 

— 

— 

8.7  (b)

(5.3)  (c)

29.6  (d)   120.3  (e)

Trading

Elim.

Total

$115.4 

($0.1) 

$711.6 

(15.3) 

(11.7) 

0.6 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

91.8 

(88.9) 

(13.7) 

(1.0) 

(3.5)  (f)

159.4 

2020................

$191.8 

$120.8 

$202.3 

$29.6 

$229.3 

$89.0 

($3.6) 

$859.2 

Includes variance due to stumpage versus delivered sales.
Includes variance due to domestic versus export sales.

(a) Net of currency hedging impact.
(b)
(c)
(d) Timber Funds was a new segment in Q2 2020.
(e)

Includes $116.0 million related to Large Dispositions in addition to Conservation Easement sales, residential and commercial lease revenue,
and deferred revenue adjustments.
Includes $3.4 million of Intersegment eliminations related to timberland management fees paid by the timber funds and reported as sales
within the Timber Funds segment.

(f)

Operating Income

Southern 
Timber

Pacific 
Northwest 
Timber

New 
Zealand 
Timber

2019.................................

$57.8 

($12.4) 

$48.0 

Volume.............................

Price (a)...........................

Cost..................................

1.3 

(1.2) 

1.4 

Non-timber income...........

(13.4) 

Foreign exchange (b).......

Depreciation, depletion & 
amortization.....................
Non-cash cost of land 
and improved 
development....................

Other (c)...........................

— 

1.4 

— 

(6.0) 

— 

13.2 

(3.7) 

1.5 

— 

(6.0) 

(10.3) 

(0.2) 

(2.0) 

0.3 

(8.6) 

0.2 

— 

— 

— 

— 

Timber 
Funds

Real 
Estate

Trading

Corporate 
and Other

Total

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(13.2) 

$38.7 

81.1 

(78.9) 

(4.1) 

— 

— 

2.9 

1.4 

30.9 

— 

— 

— 

(0.2) 

(0.3) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

($25.1) 

$107.0 

— 

— 

(2.6) 

— 

— 

76.4 

(77.2) 

(9.4) 

(14.2) 

0.3 

(0.3) 

(4.4) 

— 

(17.2) 

1.4 

(5.5) 

2020.................................

$41.3 

($10.0) 

$30.0 

($13.2) 

$72.0 

($0.5) 

($45.2) 

$74.4 

(a) For Timber segments, price reflects net stumpage (i.e. net of cut and haul and shipping costs). For Real Estate, price is presented net of

cash closing costs.

(b) Net of currency hedging impact.
(c) Southern Timber includes $6.0 million in timber write-offs resulting from casualty events. Timber Funds was a new segment in Q2 2020 and
includes $9.2 million in timber write-offs resulting from casualty events (of which $1.8 million was attributable to Rayonier). Real Estate
includes $28.7 million from Large Dispositions in addition to Conservation Easement sales, residential and commercial lease income and
marketing fees related to Improved Development sales, partially offset by deferred adjustments and equity losses from joint venture entities.
Corporate and Other includes $17.2 million in costs related to the merger with Pope Resources.

46

Adjusted EBITDA (a) 

Southern 
Timber

Pacific 
Northwest 
Timber

New 
Zealand 
Timber

Timber 
Funds

Real 
Estate

Trading

Corporate 
and Other

Total

2019..............................

$119.7 

$16.7 

Volume...........................

Price (b).........................

Cost...............................

2.6 

(1.2) 

1.4 

Non-timber income........

(13.4) 

Foreign exchange (c).....

Other (d)........................

— 

— 

9.4 

13.2 

(3.7) 

1.5 

— 

— 

$75.8 

(8.2) 

(10.3) 

(0.2) 

(2.0) 

(0.1) 

— 

2020..............................

$109.1 

$37.1 

$55.0 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

1.8 

$1.8 

$59.5 

112.9 

(78.9) 

(4.1) 

— 

— 

2.0 

— 

— 

— 

(0.2) 

(0.3) 

— 

— 

($23.9) 

$247.8 

— 

— 

(2.6) 

— 

— 

— 

116.7 

(77.2) 

(9.4) 

(14.2) 

(0.1) 

3.8 

$91.4 

($0.5) 

($26.6) 

$267.4 

(a) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure defined and reconciled in Item 7 - Performance and Liquidity Indicators.
(b) For Timber segments, price reflects net stumpage (i.e. net of cut and haul and shipping costs). For Real Estate, price is presented net of

cash closing costs.

(c) Net of currency hedging impact.
(d) Timber Funds was a new segment in Q2. Real Estate includes Conservation Easement sales, residential and commercial lease income and
marketing fees related to Improved Development sales, partially offset by deferred adjustments and equity losses from joint venture entities.

SOUTHERN TIMBER

Full-year sales of $191.8 million decreased $2.3 million, or 1%, versus the prior year, including a decrease in 
non-timber sales of $13.3 million versus the prior year. Harvest volumes increased 2% to 6.20 million tons versus 
6.07 million tons in the prior year. Average pine sawtimber stumpage prices increased 3% to $25.72 per ton versus 
$24.86  per  ton  in  the  prior  year,  while  average  pine  pulpwood  stumpage  prices  decreased  4%  to  $15.83  per  ton 
versus $16.42 in the prior year. The decrease in average pine pulpwood prices was primarily due to an increase in 
available log supply resulting from drier ground conditions in the first half of 2020 versus the prior year, while the 
increase in average pine sawtimber prices was primarily due to strong lumber markets and continued price tension 
between domestic and export markets. 

  Operating income of $41.3 million decreased $16.5 million versus the prior year due to lower non-timber income 
($13.4  million),  the  write-off  of  timber  basis  as  a  result  of  Hurricane  Laura  ($6.0  million)  and  lower  prices  ($1.2 
million), partially offset by lower costs ($1.4 million), lower depletion rates ($1.4 million) and higher volumes ($1.3 
million). Full-year Adjusted EBITDA of $109.1 million was $10.6 million below the prior year. 

PACIFIC NORTHWEST TIMBER

Full-year  sales  of  $120.8  million  increased  $35.3  million,  or  41%,  versus  the  prior  year.  Harvest  volumes 
increased 32% to 1.60 million tons versus 1.21 million tons in the prior year, primarily due to improved sawtimber 
demand  and  approximately  221,000  tons  of  incremental  volume  from  the  acquired  Pope  Resources  timberlands. 
Average  delivered  sawtimber  prices  increased  8%  to  $84.93  per  ton  versus  $78.41  per  ton  in  the  prior  year, 
primarily due to gradually improving domestic lumber markets throughout 2020 coupled with a higher percentage of 
Douglas fir sawtimber. Average delivered pulpwood prices decreased 14% to $35.51 per ton versus $41.09 per ton 
in the prior year, driven primarily by excess supply resulting from a weaker pulp export market and higher lumber 
mill residuals.

  Operating loss of $10.0 million improved $2.4 million versus the prior year, primarily due to higher prices ($13.2 
million)  and  higher  non-timber  income  ($1.5  million),  partially  offset  by  higher  depletion  rates  ($8.6  million)  and 
higher costs ($3.7 million). Full-year Adjusted EBITDA of $37.1 million was $20.4 million above the prior year. 

47

 
 
NEW ZEALAND TIMBER

Full-year  sales  of  $202.3  million  decreased  $39.5  million,  or  16%,  versus  the  prior  year.  Harvest  volumes 
decreased 9% to 2.49 million tons versus 2.73 million tons in the prior year primarily driven by the 33 day COVID-19 
shutdown in 2020. Average delivered prices for export sawtimber decreased 7% to $98.47 per ton versus $105.65 
per ton in the prior year, while average delivered prices for domestic sawtimber decreased 10% to $70.37 per ton 
versus  $77.85  per  ton  in  the  prior  year.  The  decrease  in  export  sawtimber  prices  was  primarily  driven  by  lower 
demand resulting from the COVID-19 lockdown in China and increased competition from lower-cost log and lumber 
imports into China. The decrease in domestic sawtimber prices (in U.S. dollar terms) was driven in part by the NZ$/
US$ exchange rate (US$0.65 per NZ$1.00 versus US$0.66 per NZ$1.00). Excluding the impact of foreign exchange 
rates,  domestic  sawtimber  prices  decreased  8%  from  the  prior  year,  generally  lagging  the  negative  trend  of  the 
export market.

  Operating  income  of  $30.0  million  decreased  $18.1  million  versus  the  prior  year  due  to  lower  prices  ($10.3 
million), lower volumes ($6.0 million), lower non-timber income ($2.0 million), and higher forest management costs 
($0.2 million), which were partially offset by favorable foreign exchange impacts ($0.3 million), and lower depletion 
rates ($0.2 million). Full-year Adjusted EBITDA of $55.0 million was $20.8 million below the prior year.

TIMBER FUNDS

Following the May 8, 2020 merger with Pope Resources, the Timber Funds segment generated sales of $29.6 
million on harvest volumes of 315,000 tons and an operating loss of $13.2 million. The operating loss reported for 
2020  includes  timber  write-offs  of  $9.2  million  resulting  from  fires  in  Oregon.  For  the  period  from  May  8,  2020  to 
December 31, 2020, Adjusted EBITDA was $1.8 million.

REAL ESTATE

Real Estate Sales Category Reclassification

Effective April  1,  2020,  we  changed  the  composition  of  our  Rural  and  Timberland  &  Non-Strategic  Real  Estate 
sales categories to better align with the way management internally evaluates real estate sales. The Rural category 
now  includes  all  real  estate  sales  (excluding  development  sales)  representing  a  demonstrable  premium  above 
timberland value. The Timberland & Non-Strategic category now includes all real estate sales representing little to 
no  premium  to  timberland  value. This  category  consists  primarily  of  sales  of  property  that  management  views  as 
non-strategic to our long-term portfolio as well as sales of property for capital allocation purposes that do not fit the 
definition of a Large Disposition. All prior period amounts have been reclassified to reflect the new composition of 
these  two  sales  categories.  The  Improved  Development,  Unimproved  Development  and  Large  Disposition 
categories remain unchanged, and this reclassification had no impact on overall segment results.

Full-year sales of $229.3 million increased $154.5 million versus the prior year, while operating income of $72.0 
million increased $33.3 million versus the prior year. Sales and operating income for 2020 includes $116.0 million 
and  $28.7  million,  respectively,  from  a  Large  Disposition.  Sales  and  operating  income  increased  primarily  due  to 
higher volumes (110,984 acres sold versus 17,151 acres sold in the prior year), partially offset by lower weighted 
average  prices  ($2,031  per  acre  versus  $4,335  per  acre  in  the  prior  year).  Full-year  Adjusted  EBITDA  of  $91.4 
million was $31.9 million above the prior year.

TRADING 

Full-year sales of $89.0 million decreased $26.5 million versus the prior year due to lower volumes and prices. 
Sales volumes decreased 13% to 960,000 tons versus 1,107,000 tons in the prior year. Average prices decreased 
12% to $91.26 per ton versus $103.49 per ton in the prior year. Operating income and Adjusted EBITDA decreased 
$0.5 million versus the prior year.

CORPORATE AND OTHER EXPENSE/ELIMINATIONS

Full-year corporate and other operating expense of $45.2 million increased $20.1 million versus the prior year 

due to costs related to the Pope Resources merger ($17.2 million) and higher employee benefit costs ($3.0 million).

INTEREST EXPENSE

Full-year interest expense of $38.8 million increased $7.1 million versus the prior year due to higher outstanding 

debt following the Pope Resources merger.

48

 
 
 
 
INTEREST AND OTHER MISCELLANEOUS INCOME, NET

Other  non-operating  income  of  $1.2  million  decreased  $4.1  million  versus  the  prior  year  primarily  due  to  the 

prior year gain on Pope securities held prior to the merger and a decrease in interest income.

INCOME TAX EXPENSE

Full-year income tax expense of $7.0 million decreased $5.9 million versus the prior year period primarily due to 

lower taxable income. The New Zealand subsidiary is the primary driver of income tax expense.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS, 2019 VERSUS 2018 

Refer  to  Item  7  -  “Management’s  Discussion  and Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations” 
section  contained  in  the  Company’s Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2019  for  the 
results  of  operations  discussion  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  December  31,  2019  compared  to  the  fiscal  year  ended 
December 31, 2018.

OUTLOOK FOR 2021 

In 2021, we expect to achieve full-year harvest volumes in our Southern Timber segment of 6.2 to 6.4 million 
tons.  We  expect  a  modest  improvement  in  weighted  average  pricing  relative  to  full-year  2020  driven  by  strong 
sawtimber  demand  and  a  higher  mix  of  sawtimber,  partially  offset  by  an  increased  proportion  of  planned  harvest 
volume from relatively lower-priced markets.

In  our  Pacific  Northwest  Timber  segment,  we  expect  to  achieve  harvest  volumes  of  1.7  to  1.8  million  tons, 
bolstered  by  a  full-year  contribution  from  the  Pope  Resources  acquisition.  We  also  anticipate  higher  average 
sawtimber prices as compared to full-year 2020 given strong domestic demand trends and favorable lumber pricing.

In  our  New  Zealand  Timber  segment,  we  expect  to  achieve  harvest  volumes  of  2.6  to  2.8  million  tons,  up 
modestly  year-over-year  following  the  operational  disruptions  imposed  by  the  COVID-19  pandemic  in  2020.  We 
further  expect  that  strong  demand  from  China  coupled  with  strong  local  markets  will  lead  to  improved  export  and 
domestic pricing. 

In the Real Estate segment, we remain focused on opportunistically unlocking the long-term value of our HBU 
development  and  rural  property  portfolio.  Following  exceptionally  strong  Real  Estate  results  in  2020,  we  currently 
anticipate more normalized transaction activity in 2021. We further anticipate that real estate activity will be heavily 
weighted to the second half of the year, with relatively limited activity in the first quarter in particular.

Our 2021 outlook is subject to a number of variables and uncertainties, including those discussed at Item 1A — 

Risk Factors.

49

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our principal source of cash is cash flow from operations, primarily the harvesting of timber and sales of real 
estate.  As  a  REIT,  our  main  use  of  cash  is  dividends  on  Rayonier  Inc.  common  shares  and  distributions  on 
Rayonier,  L.P.  units.  We  also  use  cash  to  maintain  the  productivity  of  our  timberlands  through  replanting  and 
silviculture.  Our  operations  have  generally  produced  consistent  cash  flow  and  required  limited  capital  resources. 
Short-term borrowings have helped fund working capital needs while acquisitions of timberlands generally require 
funding from external sources or Large Dispositions. 

AT-THE-MARKET (“ATM”) EQUITY OFFERING PROGRAM

On September 10, 2020, we entered into a distribution agreement with a group of sales agents through which 
we may sell common shares, from time to time, having an aggregate sales price of up to $300 million. During the 
year ended December 31, 2020, the Company sold 1.1 million shares under the  ATM Program at an average price 
of $30.26 per share, generating aggregate gross proceeds of $33.4 million, excluding $0.3 million of commissions. 
As of December 31, 2020, $266.6 million remains available for issuance under the program.

The following table outlines the common stock issuance pursuant to our ATM program (dollars in millions):

Shares of common stock issued under the ATM program

Gross proceeds

SUMMARY OF LIQUIDITY AND FINANCING COMMITMENTS

Year Ended December 31,

2020

2019

1,103,012 

$33.4 

— 

— 

(in millions of dollars)
Cash and cash equivalents (excluding Timber Funds).........................................
Total debt (excluding Timber Funds) (a)................................................................
Noncontrolling interest in the Operating Partnership............................................
Shareholders’ equity..............................................................................................
Net Income Attributable to Rayonier Inc................................................................
Adjusted EBITDA (b).............................................................................................
Total capitalization (total debt plus permanent and temporary equity)..................
Debt to capital ratio...............................................................................................
Debt to Adjusted EBITDA (b).................................................................................
Net debt to Adjusted EBITDA (b)(c).......................................................................
Net debt to enterprise value (c)(d).........................................................................

As of December 31,
2019
$68.7 
 1,057.0 
— 
 1,537.6 
59.1 
247.8 
 2,594.6 

2018
 $148.4 
975.0 
— 
 1,654.6 
102.2 
337.7 
 2,629.6 

2020
$80.5 
 1,294.9 
130.1 
 1,862.6 
37.1 
267.4 
 3,287.6 

 39% 
4.8 
4.5 
 23% 

 41% 
4.3 
4.0 
 19% 

 37% 
2.9 
2.4 
 19% 

(a)

(b)

(c)
(d)

Total  debt  as  of  December  31,  2020,  2019  and  2018  reflects  the  principal  on  long-term  debt,  net  of  fair  market  value  adjustments  and
gross of deferred financing costs of $2.5 million, $1.9 million and $2.4 million, respectively.
For a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income see Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations—Performance and Liquidity Indicators.
Net debt is calculated as total debt less cash and cash equivalents.
Enterprise  value  based  on  market  capitalization  (including  Rayonier,  L.P.  “OP”  units)  plus  net  debt  based  on  Rayonier’s  share  price  of
$29.38, $32.76, and $27.69 as of December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

SUMMARY OF GUARANTOR FINANCIAL INFORMATION

In March 2012, Rayonier Inc. issued $325 million of 3.75% Senior Notes due 2022 (the “2022 Notes”). On May 
7,  2020,  Rayonier  Inc.  contributed  its  100%  ownership  interest  in  Rayonier  Operating  Company  LLC  (the 
“Contribution”) to Rayonier, L.P. As a result of the Contribution, Rayonier, L.P. expressly assumed all the obligations 
of  Rayonier  Inc.  with  respect  to  the  outstanding  2022  Notes  and  Rayonier  Inc.  agreed  to  irrevocably,  fully  and 
unconditionally guarantee jointly and severally, the obligations of Rayonier, L.P. under the Indenture, including the 
2022 Notes. Rayonier, L.P. is the current issuer of the 2022 Notes.

50

The subsidiary guarantor, Rayonier TRS Holdings Inc., and parent guarantor, Rayonier Inc., have guaranteed 
the notes fully and unconditionally on a joint and several basis. As general partner of Rayonier, L.P., Rayonier Inc. 
consolidates  Rayonier,  L.P.  and  has  no  material  assets  or  liabilities  other  than  its  interest  in  Rayonier,  L.P. These 
notes  are  unsecured  and  unsubordinated  and  will  rank  equally  with  all  other  unsecured  and  unsubordinated 
indebtedness from time to time outstanding. 

Rayonier, L.P. is a limited partnership, in which Rayonier Inc. is the general partner. The operating subsidiaries 
of Rayonier, L.P. conduct all of our operations. Rayonier, L.P.’s most significant assets are its interest in operating 
subsidiaries,  which  have  been  eliminated  in  the  table  below  to  eliminate  intercompany  transactions  between  the 
issuer  and  guarantors  and  to  exclude  investments  in  non-guarantors.  As  a  result,  our  ability  to  make  required 
payments on the notes depends on the performance of our operating subsidiaries and their ability to distribute funds 
to us. There are no material restrictions on dividends from the operating subsidiaries.

The summarized balance sheet information for the consolidated obligor group of debt issued by Rayonier, L.P. 
for  the  twelve  months  ended  December  31,  2020  and  year  ended  December  31,  2019  are  provided  in  the  table 
below:

(in millions)

Current assets..................................................................................
Non-current assets...........................................................................
Current liabilities...............................................................................
Non-current liabilities........................................................................
Due to non-guarantors.....................................................................

December 31, 2020 December 31, 2019
$51.7 
48.8 
100.2 
1,632.7 
587.0 

$69.7 
48.3 
21.0 
1,942.4 
596.7 

The summarized results of operations information for the consolidated obligor group of debt issued by Rayonier, 
L.P. for the twelve months ended December 31, 2020 and year ended December 31, 2019 are provided in the table
below:

(in millions)

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

Cost and expenses.........................................................................

Operating loss.................................................................................

Net loss...........................................................................................

Revenue from non-guarantors........................................................

($43.4) 

(43.4) 

(81.3) 

859.2 

($22.0) 

(22.0) 

(54.2) 

711.6 

LIQUIDITY FACILITIES

See Note 8 — Debt for information on liquidity facilities and other outstanding debt, as well as for information on 
covenants that must be met in connection with our Senior Notes, Term Credit Agreement, Incremental Term Loan 
Agreement,  2020  Incremental Term  Loan Agreement  and  Revolving  Credit  Facility,  as  well  as  our  NWFCS  Credit 
Facility and the Timber Funds’ Mortgages Payable.

CASH FLOWS

The following table summarizes our cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities for each of the 

three years ended December 31 (in millions of dollars):

Total cash provided by (used for):

Operating activities....................................................................................................   $204.2 
(213.6) 
Investing activities.....................................................................................................

Financing activities....................................................................................................
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash.................................................................
Change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash...............................................

27.0 
(0.1) 
$17.5 

$214.3 
(219.4) 

(79.6) 
(1.8) 
($86.5) 

$310.1 
(132.9) 

(193.7) 
0.6 
($15.9) 

2020

2019

2018

51

 
 
CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES

Cash  provided  by  operating  activities  decreased  $10.1  million  versus  the  prior  year  primarily  due  to 
$17.2 million of merger-related costs, changes in working capital and other assets and liabilities ($6.7 million) and 
other items ($5.8 million), partially offset by higher Adjusted EBITDA ($19.6 million).

CASH USED FOR INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Cash used for investing activities decreased $5.8 million versus the prior year primarily due to proceeds from a 
Large  Disposition  ($115.7  million),  a  decrease  in  timberland  acquisitions  ($117.6  million),  lower  real  estate 
development investments ($0.3 million) and other investing activities ($5.8 million), partially offset by the net cash 
consideration transferred in our merger with Pope Resources ($231.1 million) and higher capital expenditures ($2.5 
million).

CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

Cash provided by financing activities increased $106.6 million versus the prior year primarily due to an increase 
in  net  borrowings  ($86.0  million),  proceeds  from  the  issuance  of  common  shares  under  the ATM  equity  offering 
program ($32.6 million) and decreases in share repurchases ($7.9 million), partially offset by higher dividends paid 
on common stock ($5.3 million), distributions to consolidated affiliates ($3.5 million), distributions to noncontrolling 
interests in the Operating Partnership ($3.6 million), noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates redemption of 
shares ($5.1 million) and increases in debt issuance costs ($2.4 million).

RESTRICTED CASH

See Note 23 — Restricted Cash for further information regarding funds in escrow and deposited with a third-

party intermediary and cash held in escrow for real estate development obligations.

CREDIT RATINGS

Both our ability to obtain financing and the related costs of borrowing are affected by our credit ratings, which 
are  periodically  reviewed  by  the  rating  agencies.  As  of  December  31,  2020,  our  credit  ratings  from  S&P  and 
Moody’s were “BBB-” and “Baa3,” respectively, with both agencies listing our outlook as “Stable.” 

STRATEGY

We continuously evaluate our capital structure. Our strategy is to maintain a weighted-average cost of capital 
competitive with other timberland REITs and TIMOs, while maintaining an investment grade debt rating as well as 
retaining  the  flexibility  to  actively  pursue  capital  allocation  opportunities  as  they  become  available.  Overall,  we 
believe  we  have  adequate  liquidity  and  sources  of  capital  to  run  our  businesses  efficiently  and  effectively  and  to 
maximize the value of our timberland and real estate assets under management.

EXPECTED 2021 EXPENDITURES

Capital  expenditures  in  2021  are  forecasted  to  be  between  $70  million  and  $75  million,  excluding  capital 
expenditures  related  to  noncontrolling  interests  in  the Timber  Funds  and  any  strategic  timberland  acquisitions  we 
may make. Capital expenditures are expected to be primarily comprised of seedling planting, fertilization and other 
silvicultural  activities,  property  taxes,  lease  payments,  allocated  overhead  and  other  capitalized  costs. Aside  from 
capital expenditures, we may also acquire timberland as we actively evaluate acquisition opportunities. 

Real estate development investments in 2021 are expected to be between $13 million and $17 million, net of 
anticipated  reimbursements  from  community  development  bonds.  Expected  real  estate  development  investments 
are  primarily  related  to  Wildlight,  our  mixed-use  community  development  project  located  north  of  Jacksonville, 
Florida;    Richmond  Hill,  our  mixed-use  development  project  located  south  of  Savannah,  Georgia;  development 
properties  in  the  town  of  Port  Gamble,  Washington;  and  development  projects  in  Gig  Harbor,  Kingston  and 
Bremerton, Washington.

  Our  2021  dividend  payments  on  Rayonier  Inc.  common  shares  and  distributions  to  Rayonier,  L.P.  unitholders 
are expected to be approximately $148.7 million and $4.8 million, respectively, assuming no change in the quarterly 
dividend  rate  of  $0.27  per  share  or  material  changes  in  the  number  of  common  shares  or  partnership  units 
outstanding.

Future  share  repurchases,  if  any,  will  depend  on  the  Company’s  liquidity  and  cash  flow,  as  well  as  general 

market conditions and other considerations including capital allocation priorities.

We made $2.9 million of required pension contributions in 2020. We have no pension contribution requirements 

in 2021 but may make discretionary contributions in the future. 

52

 
 
Cash income tax payments in 2021 are expected to be between $13 million and $15 million, primarily due to the 

New Zealand subsidiary. 

PERFORMANCE AND LIQUIDITY INDICATORS

The  discussion  below  is  presented  to  enhance  the  reader’s  understanding  of  our  operating  performance, 
liquidity, ability to generate cash and satisfy rating agency and creditor requirements. This information includes two 
measures  of  financial  results: Adjusted  Earnings  before  Interest,  Taxes,  Depreciation,  Depletion  and Amortization 
(“Adjusted EBITDA”), and Cash Available for Distribution (“CAD”). These measures are not defined by GAAP and 
the discussion of Adjusted EBITDA and CAD is not intended to conflict with or change any of the GAAP disclosures 
described  above.  Management  considers  these  measures  to  be  important  to  estimate  the  enterprise  and 
shareholder values and of our core segments, and for allocating capital resources. In addition, analysts, investors 
and  creditors  use  these  measures  when  analyzing  our  operating  performance,  financial  condition  and  cash 
generating ability. Management uses Adjusted EBITDA as a performance measure and CAD as a liquidity measure. 
Adjusted  EBITDA  and  CAD  as  defined  may  not  be  comparable  to  similarly  titled  measures  reported  by  other 
companies.  These  measures  should  not  be  considered  in  isolation  from,  and  are  not  intended  to  represent  an 
alternative to, our results reported in accordance with GAAP.

Adjusted  EBITDA  is  defined  as  earnings  before  interest,  taxes,  depreciation,  depletion,  amortization,  the  non-
cash  cost  of  land  and  improved  development,  non-operating  income  and  expense,  operating  loss  attributable  to 
noncontrolling interest in Timber Funds, costs related to the merger with Pope Resources, timber write-offs resulting 
from casualty events, and Large Dispositions. Below is a reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA for the 
three years ended December 31 (in millions of dollars):

Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA Reconciliation
Net Income......................................................................................................................
Operating loss attributable to NCI in Timber Funds...............................................
Interest, net attributable to NCI in Timber Funds....................................................
Income Tax expense attributable to NCI in Timber Funds......................................
Net income (Excluding NCI in Timber Funds).................................................................
Interest, net and miscellaneous income attributable to Rayonier...........................
Income tax expense attributable to Rayonier.........................................................
Depreciation, depletion and amortization attributable to Rayonier.........................
Non-cash cost of land and improved development................................................
Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events attributable to Rayonier (a)........
Non-operating income............................................................................................
Costs related to the merger with Pope Resources (b)...........................................
Large Dispositions (c).............................................................................................
Adjusted EBITDA............................................................................................................

2020

2019

2018

$29.8 
11.6 
0.5 
0.2 
42.1 
38.0 
6.8 
154.7 
30.4 
7.9 
(0.9) 
17.2 
(28.7) 
 $267.4 

$67.7 
— 
— 
— 
67.7 
29.1 
12.9 
128.2 
12.6 
— 
(2.7) 
— 
— 
 $247.8 

  $117.3 
— 
— 
— 
117.3 
29.7 
25.2 
144.1 
23.6 
— 
(2.2) 
— 
— 
  $337.7 

(a) Timber  write-offs  resulting  from  casualty  events  include  the  write-off  of  merchantable  and  pre-merchantable  timber  volume  destroyed  by

casualty events which cannot be salvaged.

(b) Costs related to the merger with Pope Resources include legal, accounting, due diligence, consulting and other costs related to the merger

with Pope Resources.

(c) Large  Dispositions  are  defined  as  transactions  involving  the  sale  of  timberland  that  exceed  $20  million  in  size  and  do  not  have  a

demonstrable premium relative to timberland value.

53

The following tables provide a reconciliation of Operating Income (Loss) by segment to Adjusted EBITDA by 

segment for the three years ended December 31 (in millions of dollars):

Southern 
Timber

Pacific 
Northwest 
Timber

New 
Zealand 
Timber

Timber 
Funds

Real 
Estate

Trading

Corporate
and
Other

Total

2020
Operating income (loss)........................................

Add:

Add:

Add:

Add:

Add:

Operating loss attributable to NCI in 
Timber Funds (a).....................................

Timber write-offs resulting from casualty 
events attributable to Rayonier (b)..........

Costs related to the merger with Pope 
Resources (c)..........................................

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

Non-cash cost of land and improved 
development............................................

Less:

Large Dispositions (d).............................

$41.3 

($10.0) 

$30.0 

($13.2) 

$72.0 

($0.5) 

($45.2) 

$74.4 

— 

6.0 

— 

61.8 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

47.1 

25.0 

— 

— 

— 

— 

11.6 

1.8 

— 

1.6 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

17.7 

30.4 

(28.7) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

11.6 

7.9 

17.2 

17.2 

1.4 

154.7 

— 

— 

30.4 

(28.7) 

Adjusted EBITDA..................................................

$109.1 

$37.1 

$55.0 

$1.8 

$91.4 

($0.5) 

($26.6) 

 $267.4 

2019
Operating income (loss)........................................

Add:

Add:

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

Non-cash cost of land and improved 
development............................................

$57.8 

61.9 

($12.4) 

29.2 

$48.0 

27.8 

— 

— 

— 

Adjusted EBITDA..................................................

$119.7 

$16.7 

$75.8 

2018
Operating income (loss)........................................

Add:

Add:

Depreciation, depletion and amortization

Non-cash cost of land and improved 
development............................................

Adjusted EBITDA..................................................

$44.2 

58.6 

$8.1 

32.8 

$62.8 

28.0 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

$38.7 

8.2 

12.6 

$59.5 

$76.2 

23.6 

23.6 

— 

— 

— 

— 

($25.1) 

 $107.0 

1.2 

128.2 

— 

12.6 

($23.9) 

 $247.8 

$1.0 

($22.3) 

 $170.1 

— 

— 

1.2 

144.1 

— 

23.6 

$102.8 

$40.9 

$90.8 

— 

 $123.4 

$1.0 

($21.1) 

 $337.7 

(a) Timber Funds includes $7.3 million related to timber write-offs resulting from casualty events.
(b) Timber write-offs resulting from casualty events includes the write-off of merchantable and pre-merchantable timber volume destroyed by casualty

events which cannot be salvaged.

(c) Costs related to the merger with Pope Resources include legal, accounting, due diligence, consulting and other costs related to the merger with Pope

Resources.

(d) Large  Dispositions  are  defined  as  transactions  involving  the  sale  of  timberland  that  exceed  $20  million  in  size  and  do  not  have  a

demonstrable premium relative to timberland value.

Cash Available  for  Distribution  (CAD)  is  defined  as  cash  provided  by  operating  activities  adjusted  for  capital
spending  (excluding  timberland  acquisitions  and  real  estate  development  investments),  CAD  attributable  to 
noncontrolling interest in Timber Funds and working capital and other balance sheet changes. CAD is a non-GAAP 
measure  of  cash  generated  during  a  period  that  is  available  for  common  stock  dividends,  distributions  to 
noncontrolling  interest  in  the  Operating  Partnership,  distributions  to  the  New  Zealand  minority  shareholder, 
repurchase of the Company’s common shares, debt reduction, timberland acquisitions and real estate development 
investments.  In compliance with SEC requirements for non-GAAP measures, we reduce CAD by mandatory debt 
repayments, which results in the measure entitled “Adjusted CAD.” CAD and Adjusted CAD generated in any period 
is not necessarily indicative of the CAD that may be generated in future periods.

54

Below is a reconciliation of Cash Provided by Operating Activities to Adjusted CAD for the three years ended 

December 31 (in millions): 

Cash provided by operating activities 

Capital expenditures from continuing operations (a)
Costs related to the merger with Pope Resources (b)
CAD attributable to NCI in Timber Funds
Working capital and other balance sheet changes

CAD

Mandatory debt repayments (c)

Adjusted CAD

2020
$204.2 
(66.5) 
17.2 
(2.8) 
10.3 
$162.4 
— 
$162.4 

2019
$214.3 
(64.0) 
— 
— 
(0.9) 
$149.4 
(82.0) 
$67.4 

2018
$310.1 
(62.3) 
— 
— 
(7.7) 
$240.1 
— 
$240.1 

Cash used for investing activities
Cash provided by (used for) financing activities

  ($213.6)    ($219.4)    ($132.9) 
($79.6)    ($193.7) 

$27.0 

(a) Capital expenditures exclude timberland acquisitions and real estate development investments.
(b) Costs related to the merger with Pope Resources include legal, accounting, due diligence, consulting and other costs related to the merger

with Pope Resources.

(c) Excludes debt repayments on the New Zealand subsidiary noncontrolling interest shareholder loan.

The following table provides supplemental cash flow data for the three years ended December 31 (in millions):

Purchase of timberlands

Real Estate Development Investments

Distributions to noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates (a)

2020

2019

2018

($24.7)    ($142.3) 

($57.6) 

(6.5) 

(12.6) 

(6.8) 

(9.2) 

(9.5) 

(14.4) 

(a)

Includes debt repayments on the New Zealand subsidiary noncontrolling interest shareholder loan.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

We utilize off-balance sheet arrangements to provide credit support for certain suppliers and vendors in case of 
their default on critical obligations, and collateral for outstanding claims under our previous workers’ compensation 
self-insurance programs. These arrangements consist of standby letters of credit and surety bonds. As part of our 
ongoing operations, we also periodically issue guarantees to third parties. Off-balance sheet arrangements are not 
considered a source of liquidity or capital resources and do not expose us to material risks or material unfavorable 
financial impacts. See Note 14 — Guarantees for further discussion.

55

CONTRACTUAL FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS

In  addition  to  using  cash  flow  from  operations,  proceeds  from  our  ATM  program  and  proceeds  from  Large 
Dispositions, we finance our operations and acquisitions through the issuance of debt and by entering into leases. 
These  financial  obligations  are  recorded  in  accordance  with  accounting  rules  applicable  to  the  underlying 
transaction, with the result that some are recorded as liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, while others 
are required to be disclosed in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and Management’s Discussion and 
Analysis. 

The  following  table  aggregates  our  contractual  financial  obligations  as  of  December  31,  2020  and  anticipated 

cash spending by period: 

Contractual Financial Obligations (in millions)
Long-term debt, excluding Timber Funds (a)................
Long-term debt, Timber Funds (b)................................
Interest payments on long-term debt, excluding 
Timber Funds (c)...........................................................
Interest payments on long-term debt, Timber Funds....
Operating leases — timberland (d)...............................
Operating leases — PP&E, offices (d)..........................
Commitments — derivatives (e)....................................
Commitments - environmental remediation (f)..............
Commitments — other (g).............................................
Total contractual cash obligations........................

Total
 $1,294.9 
57.4 

144.3 
5.9 
185.8 
7.4 
103.3 
11.6 
16.7 
 $1,827.3 

2021

— 
— 

Payments Due by Period
2022-2023
$325.0 
43.0 

2024-2025
$284.9 
14.4 

Thereafter
$685.0 
— 

32.6 
2.0 
8.3 
1.6 
13.8 
1.0 
11.3 
$70.6 

46.9 
3.4 
15.3 
2.2 
34.8 
3.7 
1.0 
$475.3 

36.5 
0.5 
14.1 
1.9 
25.5 
4.2 
0.5 
$382.5 

28.3 
— 
148.1 
1.7 
29.2 
2.7 
3.9 
$898.9 

(a) The book value of long-term debt, excluding Timber Funds, net of deferred financing costs and fair market value adjustments, is currently
recorded at $1,300.3 million on our Consolidated Balance Sheet, but upon maturity the liability will be $1,294.9 million. See Note 8 - Debt for
additional information.

(b) The book value of long-term debt for the Timber Funds, net of fair market value adjustments, is currently recorded at $60.2 million on our

Consolidated Balance Sheet, but upon maturity the liability will be $57.4 million. See Note 8 - Debt for additional information.

(c) Projected  interest  payments  for  variable-rate  debt  were  calculated  based  on  outstanding  principal  amounts  and  interest  rates  as  of

December 31, 2020.

(d) Excludes anticipated renewal options.

(e) Commitments — derivatives represent payments expected to be made on derivative financial instruments (interest rate swaps and forward-

starting interest rate swaps). See Note 16 — Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities for additional information.

(f) Commitments — environmental remediation represents our estimate of potential liability associated with environmental contamination and
Natural  Resource  Damages  in  Port  Gamble,  Washington.  See  Note  13  -  Environmental  and  Natural  Resource  Damage  Liabilities  for
additional information.

(g) Commitments  —  other  includes  payments  expected  to  be  made  on  our  Wildlight,  Richmond  Hill  and  West  Puget  Sound  development

projects, payments made on timberland deeds and other purchase obligations.

56

 
Item 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We  are  exposed  to  various  market  risks,  including  changes  in  interest  rates,  commodity  prices  and  foreign 
exchange  rates.  Our  objective  is  to  minimize  the  economic  impact  of  these  market  risks.  We  use  derivatives  in 
accordance  with  policies  and  procedures  approved  by  the Audit  Committee  of  the  Board  of  Directors.  Derivatives 
are  managed  by  a  senior  executive  committee,  whose  responsibilities  include  initiating,  managing  and  monitoring 
resulting exposures. We do not enter into financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

Interest Rate Risk 

We  are  exposed  to  interest  rate  risk  through  our  variable  rate  debt,  primarily  due  to  changes  in  LIBOR. 
However,  we  use  interest  rate  swaps  to  manage  our  exposure  to  interest  rate  movements  on  our  term  credit 
agreements  by  swapping  existing  and  anticipated  future  borrowings  from  floating  rates  to  fixed  rates.  As  of 
December  31,  2020,  we  had  $900  million  of  U.S.  long-term  variable  rate  debt  outstanding  on  our  term  credit 
agreements.

The notional amount of outstanding interest rate swap contracts with respect to our term credit agreements at 
December  31,  2020  was  also  $900  million.  The  maturity  date  of  the  Term  Credit Agreement  was  extended  from 
August 2024 to April 2028, with the associated interest rate swaps maturing in August 2024. We have entered into 
forward  starting  interest  rate  swaps  to  cover  $150  million  of  the  Term  Credit  Agreement  through  the  extended 
maturity date. The Incremental Term Loan Agreement and associated interest rate swaps mature in May 2026, and 
the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Agreement matures in April 2025 with the associated interest rate swaps maturing 
in June 2030. At this borrowing level, a hypothetical one-percentage point increase/decrease in interest rates would 
result in no corresponding increase/decrease in interest payments and expense over a 12-month period.

The fair market value of our long-term fixed interest rate debt is also subject to interest rate risk. The estimated 
fair  value  of  our  long-term  fixed  rate  debt  excluding  the  Timber  Funds  at  December  31,  2020  was  $414  million 
compared to the $395 million principal amount. The estimated fair value of our Timber Funds’ long-term fixed rate 
debt at December 31, 2020 was $60.5 million compared to the $57.4 million principal amount. We use interest rates 
of debt with similar terms and maturities to estimate the fair value of our debt. Generally, the fair market value of 
fixed-rate debt will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. A hypothetical one-percentage 
point increase/decrease in prevailing interest rates at December 31, 2020 would result in a corresponding decrease/
increase in the fair value of our long-term fixed rate debt of approximately $11 million.

We  estimate  the  periodic  effective  interest  rate  on  our  U.S.  long-term  fixed  and  variable  rate  debt,  excluding 
Timber Funds, to be approximately 3.1% after consideration of interest rate swaps and estimated patronage refunds 
and  excluding  unused  commitment  fees  on  the  revolving  credit  facility.  We  estimate  the  periodic  effective  interest 
rate  on  our  Timber  Funds’  long-term  fixed  rate  debt  to  be  approximately  2.9%  after  consideration  of  estimated 
patronage refunds.

57

The following table summarizes our outstanding debt, interest rate swaps and average interest rates, by year of 

expected maturity and their fair values at December 31, 2020:

(Dollars in thousands)

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

Thereafter

Total

Fair Value

Variable rate debt:

Principal amounts

Average interest rate (a)(b)
Fixed rate debt, excluding 
Timber Funds:

Principal amounts

Average interest rate (b)

Fixed rate debt, Timber 
Funds:

Principal amounts

Average interest rate (b)

Interest rate swaps:

Notional amount

Average pay rate (b)

Average receive rate (b)
Forward-starting interest 
rate swaps

Notional amount

Average pay rate (b)

Average receive rate (b)

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

$325,000

3.75%

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

$250,000

$650,000

$900,000

$900,000

2.00%

1.89%

1.92%

$34,903

$35,000

$394,903

$413,631

3.84%

4.98%

3.87%

$25,000

$17,980

$14,400

1.95%

5.10%

4.45%

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

$350,000

2.28%

0.15%

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

$57,380

$60,474

3.56%

$550,000

$900,000

($51,580)

1.31%

0.15%

1.69%

0.15%

$475,000

$475,000

($12,529)

1.22%

0.15%

1.22%

0.15%

(a) Excludes estimated patronage refunds.

(b)

Interest rates as of December 31, 2020.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk 

The functional currency of our New Zealand-based operations and New Zealand subsidiary is the New Zealand 
dollar.  Through  these  operations  and  our  ownership  in  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary,  we  are  exposed  to  foreign 
currency  risk  on  cash  held  in  foreign  currencies,  shareholder  distributions  which  are  paid  in  U.S.  dollars  and  on 
foreign  export  sales  and  ocean  freight  payments  that  are  predominantly  denominated  in  U.S.  dollars.  To  mitigate 
these  risks,  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary  routinely  enters  into  foreign  currency  exchange  contracts  and  foreign 
currency option contracts to hedge a portion of the New Zealand subsidiary’s foreign exchange exposure. 

Sales and Expense Exposure

At  December  31,  2020,  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary  had  foreign  currency  exchange  contracts  with  a  notional 
amount  of  $49  million  and  foreign  currency  option  contracts  with  a  notional  amount  of  $28  million  outstanding 
related to foreign export sales and ocean freight payments. The amount hedged represents a portion of forecasted 
U.S. dollar denominated export timber and log trading sales proceeds over the next 24 months and next 3 months, 
respectively. 

58

The following table summarizes our outstanding foreign currency exchange rate risk contracts at December 31, 

2020:

(Dollars in thousands)

0-1
months

1-2
months

2-3
months

3-6
months

6-12
months

12-18
months

18-24
months

Total

Fair 
Value

Foreign exchange contracts to sell U.S. dollar for New Zealand dollar

Notional amount................................ $14,500

$4,000

$2,000

$8,000

$15,500

$5,000

Average contract rate........................ 1.3841

1.3839

1.3839

1.3837

1.3838

1.3841

Foreign currency option contracts to sell U.S. dollar for New Zealand dollar

Notional amount................................

$2,000

$4,000

$6,000

$8,000

$8,000

Average strike price..........................

1.5848

1.5846

1.5729

1.5633

1.6063

—

—

—

—

—

—

$49,000

$6,018

1.3839

$28,000

$1,515

1.5822

59

Item 8. 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Management’s Reports on Internal Control over Financial Reporting...........................................................................................

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.........................................................................................................

Rayonier Inc.:................................................................................................................................................................................

Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2020...............

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.........................................................................................

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2020........................................

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2020......................................................

Rayonier, L.P.:...............................................................................................................................................................................

Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2020...............

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.........................................................................................

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Capital for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2020..........................................

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2020......................................................

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements................................................................................................................................

Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies............................................................................................................

Note 2 - Merger with Pope Resources...................................................................................................................................

Note 3 - Revenue...................................................................................................................................................................

Note 4 - Timberland Acquisitions...........................................................................................................................................

Note 5 - Leases.....................................................................................................................................................................

Note 6 - Noncontrolling Interests...........................................................................................................................................

Note 7 - Segment and Geographical Information..................................................................................................................

Note 8 - Debt.........................................................................................................................................................................

Note 9 - Higher and Better Use Timberlands and Real Estate Development Investments....................................................

Note 10 - Commitments.........................................................................................................................................................

Note 11 - Income Taxes.........................................................................................................................................................

Note 12 - Contingencies........................................................................................................................................................

Note 13 - Environmental and Natural Resource Damage Liabilities......................................................................................

Note 14 - Guarantees............................................................................................................................................................

Note 15 - Earnings Per Share and Per Unit...........................................................................................................................

Note 16 - Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities.......................................................................................

Note 17 - Fair Value Measurements......................................................................................................................................

Note 18 - Employee Benefit Plans.........................................................................................................................................

Note 19 - Incentive Stock Plans.............................................................................................................................................

Note 20 - Other Operating (Expense) Income, Net...............................................................................................................

Note 21 - Charges For Integration and Restructuring............................................................................................................

Note 22 - Inventory................................................................................................................................................................

Note 23 - Restricted Cash.....................................................................................................................................................

Note 24 - Other Assets..........................................................................................................................................................

Note 25 - Assets Held for Sale...............................................................................................................................................

Note 26 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)..............................................................................................

Note 27 - Variable Interest Entities........................................................................................................................................

Note 28 - Related Party.........................................................................................................................................................

Page

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69

70

71

73

74

75

76

78

78

88

93

95

96

98

100

103

108

109

109

112

112

113

114

116

121

123

127

131

131

132

132

133

134

134

136

137

60

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Rayonier Inc.

To Our Shareholders:

The management of Rayonier Inc. and its subsidiaries is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate 
internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 
amended). Our system of internal controls over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance to 
the Company’s management and Board of Directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of the financial 
statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States 
of America.

Because  of  the  inherent  limitations  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  misstatements  due  to  error  or 
fraud  may  not  be  prevented  or  detected  on  a  timely  basis. Also,  projections  of  any  evaluation  of  effectiveness  to 
future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that 
the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Rayonier Inc.’s management, under the supervision of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, 
assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020. In making this 
assessment, we used the framework included in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee 
of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the Treadway  Commission  (2013  framework).  Based  on  our  evaluation  under  the 
criteria set forth in Internal Control — Integrated Framework, management concluded that our internal control over 
financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2020.

Ernst & Young LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Company’s consolidated 
financial  statements,  has  issued  an  audit  report  on  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of 
December 31, 2020. The report on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, 
is on page 63.

RAYONIER INC.

By:

/s/ DAVID L. NUNES
David L. Nunes
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

February 22, 2021

By:

/s/ MARK MCHUGH

Mark McHugh
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
February 22, 2021

By:

/s/ APRIL TICE

April Tice
Vice President, Financial Services and Corporate Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)
February 22, 2021

61

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Rayonier, L.P.

To Our Unitholders:

The management of Rayonier, L.P. and its subsidiaries is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate 
internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 
amended). Our system of internal controls over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance to 
the  Operating  Partnership’s  management  and  the  Rayonier  Inc.  Board  of  Directors  regarding  the  preparation  and 
fair presentation of the financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally 
accepted in the United States of America.

Because  of  the  inherent  limitations  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  misstatements  due  to  error  or 
fraud  may  not  be  prevented  or  detected  on  a  timely  basis. Also,  projections  of  any  evaluation  of  effectiveness  to 
future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that 
the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Rayonier, L.P.’s management, under the supervision of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, 
assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020. In making this 
assessment, we used the framework included in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee 
of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the Treadway  Commission  (2013  framework).  Based  on  our  evaluation  under  the 
criteria set forth in Internal Control — Integrated Framework, management concluded that our internal control over 
financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2020.

RAYONIER, L.P.

By: RAYONIER, INC., its sole general partner

By:

/s/ DAVID L. NUNES
David L. Nunes
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

February 22, 2021

By:

/s/ MARK MCHUGH

Mark McHugh
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
February 22, 2021

By:

/s/ APRIL TICE

April Tice
Vice President, Financial Services and Corporate Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)
February 22, 2021

62

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Rayonier Inc.

Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We have audited Rayonier Inc. and subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, 
based  on  criteria  established  in  Internal  Control  -  Integrated  Framework  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Rayonier Inc. and 
subsidiaries (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as 
of December 31, 2020, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related 
consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the 
three  years  in  the  period  ended  December  31,  2020,  and  the  related  notes  and  schedule  and  our  report  dated 
February 22, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for 
its  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  included  in  the  accompanying 
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  our  audit.  We  are  a  public  accounting  firm 
registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the 
U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission 
and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform  the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting 
was maintained in all material respects. 

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a 
material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on 
the  assessed  risk,  and  performing  such  other  procedures  as  we  considered  necessary  in  the  circumstances.  We 
believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  is  a  process  designed  to  provide  reasonable  assurance 
regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in 
accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles.  A  company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting 
includes  those  policies  and  procedures  that  (1)  pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail, 
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable 
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made 
only in accordance  with authorizations  of  management and directors  of the  company;  and (3) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s 
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. 
Also,  projections  of  any  evaluation  of  effectiveness  to  future  periods  are  subject  to  the  risk  that  controls  may 
become  inadequate  because  of  changes  in  conditions,  or  that  the  degree  of  compliance  with  the  policies  or 
procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Jacksonville, Florida
February 22, 2021

63

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Rayonier Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Rayonier Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) 
as  of  December  31,  2020  and  2019,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  income  and  comprehensive  income, 
shareholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, and the 
related  notes  and  financial  statement  schedule  listed  in  the  Index  at  Item  15(a)  (collectively  referred  to  as  the 
“consolidated  financial  statements”).  In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  present  fairly,  in  all 
material  respects,  the  financial  position  of  the  Company  at  December  31,  2020  and  2019,  and  the  results  of  its 
operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, in conformity with 
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States)  (PCAOB),  the  Company's  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December  31,  2020,  based  on 
criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations 
of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework), and our report dated February 22, 2021 expressed an unqualified 
opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with 
the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal 
securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and  regulations  of  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  and  the 
PCAOB.

We  conducted  our  audits  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  PCAOB. Those  standards  require  that  we  plan 
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material 
misstatement,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  Our  audits  included  performing  procedures  to  assess  the  risks  of 
material  misstatement  of  the  financial  statements,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing  procedures  that 
respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and 
disclosures  in  the  financial  statements.  Our  audits  also  included  evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and 
significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall  presentation  of  the  financial 
statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Critical Audit Matter

The  critical  audit  matters  communicated  below  are  matters  arising  from  the  current  period  audit  of  the  financial 
statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to 
accounts  or  disclosures  that  are  material  to  the  financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially  challenging, 
subjective or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion 
on  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  taken  as  a  whole,  and  we  are  not,  by  communicating  the  critical  audit 
matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which 
they relate.

64

Description of the 
Matter

Depletion of Timber
For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  the  Company  recognized  $195  million  in  depletion  expense 
and  the  Timber  and  Timberlands  balance,  net  of  depletion  and  amortization,  was  $3,262  million  at 
December 31, 2020. As described in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company establishes an 
annual  depletion  rate  for  each  particular  region.  Depletion  rates  are  determined  by  region  by  dividing 
merchantable inventory cost by standing merchantable inventory volume, which is estimated annually. 
The Company charges accumulated costs attributed to merchantable timber to depletion expense (cost 
of sales) at the time the timber is harvested or when the underlying timberland is sold. 

Auditing  management’s  annual  depletion  rate  was  complex  and  subjective  due  to  the  estimation 
uncertainty in determining the standing merchantable inventory volume utilized in the calculation of the 
depletion  rate  for  each  region.  In  particular,  estimating  the  standing  merchantable  inventory  volume 
involves  statistical  sampling  and  growth  modeling  using  inputs  such  as  growth  estimates,  harvest 
information and environmental and operational restrictions.

How We 
Addressed the 
Matter in Our 
Audit

We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of controls 
over the Company’s process for establishing the annual depletion rate for each geographic region. For 
example, we tested controls over management’s review of the standing merchantable inventory volume 
that was determined for each geographic region.  

To  test  the  annual  depletion  rates  (including  standing  merchantable  inventory  volume),  our  audit 
procedures  included,  among  others,  evaluating  the  methodology  used  and  testing  the  completeness 
and accuracy of the underlying data used by the Company. We inspected satellite images to test timber 
existence and assessed the timberland for features that would impact the Company’s ability to harvest 
its  timber.  In  addition,  we  evaluated  current  year  changes  to  harvestability,  analyzed  the  change  in 
depletion  as  a  percentage  of  sales,  utilized  published  industry  growth  rates  to  assess  the  increase  in 
timber  volume  growth  and  compared  actual  volume  harvested  to  the  volume  estimated  by  the 
Company.

Description of the 
Matter

Business Combination: Valuation of Core Timber and Timberlands
On  May  8,  2020,  the  Company  completed  its  acquisition  of  Pope  Resources  for  net  consideration  of 
$538  million,  as  disclosed  in  Note  2  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  The  transaction  was 
accounted for as a business combination.

Auditing  the  Company's  accounting  for  its  acquisition  of  Pope  Resources  was  complex  due  to  the 
significant  estimation  required  by  management  to  determine  the  fair  value  of  the  Core  Timber  and 
Timberlands. The significant estimation was primarily due to the sensitivity of the respective fair values 
to the significant underlying assumptions, including the discount rate and harvest volumes that are used 
to  estimate  forecasted  revenue.  These  significant  assumptions  are  forward  looking  and  could  be 
affected by future economic and market conditions.

How We 
Addressed the 
Matter in Our 
Audit

We  obtained  an  understanding,  evaluated  the  design  and  tested  the  operating  effectiveness  of  the 
Company's controls over the valuation of the acquired Core Timber and Timberlands. For example, we 
tested  controls  over  management’s  review  of  the  valuation  models  and  the  significant  assumptions 
used in the valuation models.

To test the fair value of the Core Timber and Timberlands we performed audit procedures that included, 
among  others,  evaluating  the  Company's  selection  of  the  valuation  methodologies,  evaluating  the 
methods  and  significant  assumptions  used  by  the  Company,  and  evaluating  the  completeness  and 
accuracy of the underlying data supporting the significant assumptions and estimates. We involved our 
valuation  specialists  to  assist  with  our  evaluation  of  the  methodologies  used  by  the  Company  and 
significant assumptions included in valuation. We compared the significant assumptions to market and 
economic trends, to the historical results of the acquired business and compared the overall fair value 
of the Core Timber and Timberlands to other third-party property appraisals that were performed close 
to the date of the acquisition.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2012.

Jacksonville, Florida
February 22, 2021 

65

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Rayonier Inc., the general partner of Rayonier, L.P.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Rayonier, L.P. and subsidiaries (the Operating 
Partnership)  as  of  December  31,  2020  and  2019,  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  income  and 
comprehensive income, capital and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, 
and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a) (collectively referred to as 
the  “consolidated  financial  statements”).  In  our  opinion,  the  consolidated  financial  statements  present  fairly,  in  all 
material  respects,  the  financial  position  of  the  Operating  Partnership  at  December  31,  2020  and  2019,  and  the 
results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, in 
conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Operating Partnership’s management. Our responsibility is 
to  express  an  opinion  on  the  Operating  Partnership’s  financial  statements  based  on  our  audits.  We  are  a  public 
accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are 
required to be independent with respect to the Operating Partnership in accordance with the U.S. federal securities 
laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We  conducted  our  audits  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  PCAOB. Those  standards  require  that  we  plan 
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material 
misstatement,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud.  The  Operating  Partnership  is  not  required  to  have,  nor  were  we 
engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to 
obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion 
on the effectiveness of the Operating Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express 
no such opinion. 

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, 
whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing  procedures  that  respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included 
examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits 
also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as 
evaluating  the  overall  presentation  of  the  financial  statements.  We  believe  that  our  audits  provide  a  reasonable 
basis for our opinion. 

Critical Audit Matter

The  critical  audit  matters  communicated  below  are  matters  arising  from  the  current  period  audit  of  the  financial 
statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to 
accounts  or  disclosures  that  are  material  to  the  financial  statements  and  (2)  involved  our  especially  challenging, 
subjective or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion 
on  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  taken  as  a  whole,  and  we  are  not,  by  communicating  the  critical  audit 
matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which 
they relate.

66

Description of the 
Matter

Depletion of Timber
For the year ended December 31, 2020, the Operating Partnership recognized $195 million in depletion 
expense  and  the  Timber  and  Timberlands  balance,  net  of  depletion  and  amortization,  was  $3,262 
million  at  December  31,  2020.  As  described  in  Note  1  to  the  financial  statements,  the  Operating 
Partnership  establishes  an  annual  depletion  rate  for  each  particular  region.  Depletion  rates  are 
determined  by  region  by  dividing  merchantable  inventory  cost  by  standing  merchantable  inventory 
volume, which is estimated annually. The Operating Partnership charges accumulated costs attributed 
to merchantable timber to depletion expense (cost of sales) at the time the timber is harvested or when 
the underlying timberland is sold. 

Auditing  management’s  annual  depletion  rate  was  complex  and  subjective  due  to  the  estimation 
uncertainty in determining the standing merchantable inventory volume utilized in the calculation of the 
depletion  rate  for  each  region.  In  particular,  estimating  the  standing  merchantable  inventory  volume 
involves  statistical  sampling  and  growth  modeling  using  inputs  such  as  growth  estimates,  harvest 
information and environmental and operational restrictions.
We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of controls 
over the Operating Partnership’s process for establishing the annual depletion rate for each geographic 
region.  For  example,  we  tested  controls  over  management’s  review  of  the  standing  merchantable 
inventory volume that was determined for each geographic region.  

How We 
Addressed the 
Matter in Our 
Audit

To  test  the  annual  depletion  rates  (including  standing  merchantable  inventory  volume),  our  audit 
procedures  included,  among  others,  evaluating  the  methodology  used  and  testing  the  completeness 
and accuracy of the underlying data used by the Operating Partnership. We inspected satellite images 
to  test  timber  existence  and  assessed  the  timberland  for  features  that  would  impact  the  Operating 
Partnership’s  ability  to  harvest  its  timber.  In  addition,  we  evaluated  current  year  changes  to 
harvestability,  analyzed  the  change  in  depletion  as  a  percentage  of  sales,  utilized  published  industry 
growth rates to assess the increase in timber volume growth and compared actual volume harvested to 
the volume estimated by the Operating Partnership.

Description of the 
Matter

Business Combination: Valuation of Core Timber and Timberlands
On  May  8,  2020,  the  Operating  Partnership  completed  its  acquisition  of  Pope  Resources  for  net 
consideration  of  $538  million,  as  disclosed  in  Note  2  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  The 
transaction was accounted for as a business combination.

Auditing the Operating Partnership’s accounting for its acquisition of Pope Resources was complex due 
to the significant estimation required by management to determine the fair value of the Core Timber and 
Timberlands. The significant estimation was primarily due to the sensitivity of the respective fair values 
to the significant underlying assumptions, including the discount rate and harvest volumes that are used 
to  estimate  forecasted  revenue.  These  significant  assumptions  are  forward  looking  and  could  be 
affected by future economic and market conditions.

How We 
Addressed the 
Matter in Our 
Audit

We  obtained  an  understanding,  evaluated  the  design  and  tested  the  operating  effectiveness  of  the 
Operating Partnership's controls over the valuation of the acquired Core Timber and Timberlands. For 
example,  we  tested  controls  over  management’s  review  of  the  valuation  models  and  the  significant 
assumptions used in the valuation models.

To test the fair value of the Core Timber and Timberlands we performed audit procedures that included, 
among  others,  evaluating  the  Operating  Partnership's  selection  of  the  valuation  methodologies, 
evaluating the methods and significant assumptions used by the Operating Partnership, and evaluating 
the  completeness  and  accuracy  of  the  underlying  data  supporting  the  significant  assumptions  and 
estimates. We involved our valuation specialists to assist with our evaluation of the methodologies used 
by  the  Operating  Partnership  and  significant  assumptions  included  in  valuation.  We  compared  the 
significant  assumptions  to  market  and  economic  trends,  to  the  historical  results  of  the  acquired 
business and compared the overall fair value of the Core Timber and Timberlands to other third-party 
property appraisals that were performed close to the date of the acquisition.

We have served as the Operating Partnership’s auditor since 2019. 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Jacksonville, Florida
February 22, 2021

67

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the Years Ended December 31,
(Thousands of dollars, except per share data)

SALES (NOTE 3)..................................................................................................
Costs and Expenses

Cost of sales................................................................................................
Selling and general expenses......................................................................
Other operating (expense) income, net (Note 20)

OPERATING INCOME..........................................................................................
Interest expense....................................................................................................
Interest and other miscellaneous income, net.......................................................
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES...................................................................

Income tax expense (Note 11)............................................................................
NET INCOME........................................................................................................

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in the Operating 
Partnership.........................................................................................................

Less: Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest in consolidated 
affiliates...............................................................................................................
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO RAYONIER INC..........................................
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of income tax effect of $0, 

$0 and $0..................................................................................................

Cash flow hedges, net of income tax effect of $1,845, $664 and $1,270....
Actuarial change and amortization of pension and postretirement plan 

liabilities, net of income tax effect of $0, $0 and $711...............................
Total other comprehensive loss...............................................................
COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME..................................................................
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests in the 
Operating Partnership...........................................................................................

Less: Comprehensive loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest in 
consolidated affiliates............................................................................................

COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO RAYONIER INC....
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE (NOTE 15)

Basic earnings per share attributable to Rayonier Inc.
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Rayonier Inc.

2020
$859,154 

2019
$711,556 

2018
$816,138 

(712,436) 
(50,645) 
(21,685) 
(784,766) 
74,388 
(38,768) 
1,173 

36,793 
(7,009) 
29,784 

(558,350) 
(41,646) 
(4,533) 
(604,529) 
107,027 
(31,716) 
5,307 

80,618 
(12,940) 
67,678 

(605,259) 
(41,951) 
1,140 
(646,070) 
170,068 
(32,066) 
4,564 

142,566 
(25,236) 
117,330 

(528)

—

— 

7,828 
37,084 

(8,573) 
59,105 

(15,114) 
102,216 

28,272 
(61,055) 

963 
(30,482) 

(22,759) 
5,029 

(925)
(33,708) 
(3,924) 

(1,350)
(30,869) 
36,809 

(1,630) 
(19,360) 
97,970 

(3,068) 

— 

— 

1,393 
($5,599) 

(9,146) 
$27,663 

(8,931) 
$89,039 

$0.28 
$0.27 

$0.46 
$0.46 

$0.79 
$0.79 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 

68

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 31,
(Thousands of dollars, except share data)

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents, excluding Timber Funds.........................................................................
Cash and cash equivalents, Timber Funds.........................................................................................
Total cash and cash equivalents......................................................................................................
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $25 and $24......................................
Inventory (Note 22).............................................................................................................................
Prepaid logging roads.........................................................................................................................
Prepaid expenses...............................................................................................................................
Assets held for sale (Note 25)............................................................................................................
Other current assets...........................................................................................................................
Total current assets...................................................................................................................
TIMBER AND TIMBERLANDS, NET OF DEPLETION AND AMORTIZATION...........................................
HIGHER AND BETTER USE TIMBERLANDS AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT 

 INVESTMENTS (NOTE 9)

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

2020

2019

$80,454 
4,053 
84,507 
49,082 
10,594 
12,073 
4,095 
3,449 
6,765 
170,565 
3,262,126 

$68,735 
— 
68,735 
27,127 
14,518 
12,128 
2,600 
— 
867 
125,975 
2,482,047 

108,518 

81,791 

Land....................................................................................................................................................
Buildings.............................................................................................................................................
Machinery and equipment...................................................................................................................
Construction in progress.....................................................................................................................
Total property, plant and equipment, gross................................................................................
Less—accumulated depreciation........................................................................................................
Total property, plant and equipment, net...................................................................................
RESTRICTED CASH (NOTE 23).................................................................................................................
RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS (NOTE 5)............................................................................................................
OTHER ASSETS (NOTE 24).......................................................................................................................
TOTAL ASSETS.......................................................................................................................

6,548 
31,024 
4,615 
452 
42,639 
(12,238) 
30,401 
2,975 
108,992 
45,156 
$3,728,733 

4,131 
23,095 
4,339 
348 
31,913 
(9,662) 
22,251 
1,233 
99,942 
47,757 
$2,860,996 

LIABILITIES, NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS IN THE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

CURRENT LIABILITIES

Accounts payable................................................................................................................................
Current maturities of long-term debt, excluding Timber Funds (Note 8).............................................
Accrued taxes.....................................................................................................................................
Accrued payroll and benefits...............................................................................................................
Accrued interest..................................................................................................................................
Deferred revenue................................................................................................................................
Other current liabilities........................................................................................................................
Total current liabilities................................................................................................................

LONG-TERM DEBT, NET OF DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS, EXCLUDING TIMBER FUNDS 
(NOTE 8)......................................................................................................................................................
LONG-TERM DEBT, NET OF DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS, TIMBER FUNDS (NOTE 8).................
PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (NOTE 18)........................................................
LONG-TERM LEASE LIABILITY (NOTE 5)................................................................................................
OTHER NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES.........................................................................................................
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (NOTES 10 and 12)
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS IN THE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP (NOTE 6)
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

$24,790 
— 
7,347 
12,327 
6,325 
11,112 
29,234 
91,135 

1,300,336 
60,179 
23,344 
100,251 
160,722 

$18,160 
82,000 
3,032 
8,869 
5,205 
11,440 
22,480 
151,186 

973,129 
— 
25,311 
90,481 
83,247 

130,121 

— 

Common Shares, 480,000,000 shares authorized, 137,678,822 and 129,331,069 shares issued 

and outstanding.................................................................................................................................
Retained earnings................................................................................................................................
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (Note 26)...............................................................................
TOTAL RAYONIER INC. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY...................................................................
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates (Note 6)...................................................................
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY................................................................................................
TOTAL LIABILITIES, NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS IN THE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP 
AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY....................................................................................................

1,101,675 
446,267 
(73,885) 
1,474,057 
388,588 
1,862,645 

888,177 
583,006 
(31,202) 
1,439,981 
97,661 
1,537,642 

$3,728,733 

$2,860,996 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

69

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Thousands of dollars, except share data)

Balance, December 31, 2017...............................

 128,970,776 

$872,228 

 $707,378 

$13,417 

$99,917 

$1,692,940 

Common Shares

Shares

Amount

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)

Noncontrolling 
Interests in 
Consolidated 
Affiliates

Retained
Earnings

Shareholders’
Equity

 129,331,069 

$888,177 

 $583,006 

($31,202) 

$97,661 

$1,537,642 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

Cumulative-effect adjustment due to adoption
of ASU No. 2018-02...............................................

Net income.............................................................
Dividends ($1.06 per share)...................................

— 
— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

711 
102,216 

  (137,934) 

Issuance of shares under incentive stock plans.....

Stock-based compensation....................................

599,422 

— 

8,591 

6,428 

Repurchase of common shares.............................

(81,523) 

(2,984) 

Repurchase of common shares.............................

(455,609) 

(4,250) 

(8,430) 

Actuarial change and amortization of pension and 
postretirement plan liabilities..................................

Foreign currency translation adjustment................

Cash flow hedges...................................................

Distributions to noncontrolling interests in 
consolidated affiliates.............................................
Balance, December 31, 2018...............................
Net income.............................................................
Dividends ($1.08 per share)...................................

Issuance of shares under incentive stock plans.....

Stock-based compensation....................................

Actuarial change and amortization of pension and 
postretirement plan liabilities..................................

Foreign currency translation adjustment................
Cash flow hedges...................................................
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in 
consolidated affiliates.............................................
Balance, December 31, 2019...............................

Issuances of shares associated with the merger 
with Pope Resources ............................................

Net income (loss)...................................................
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest 
in the Operating Partnership..................................
Dividends ($1.08 per share) (a).............................
Issuance of shares under the “at-the-market” 
equity offering, net of commissions and offering 
costs of $799..........................................................

Issuance of shares under incentive stock plans.....

Stock-based compensation....................................

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
 129,488,675 
— 

— 
$884,263 
— 

— 
 $672,371 
59,105 

— 

298,003 

— 

— 

  (140,040) 

1,260 

6,904 

— 

— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

7,181,071 
— 

172,418 
— 

— 
37,612 

— 
— 

— 
— 

(528)
  (146,278) 

1,103,012 

32,574 

266,036 

— 

1,589 

8,026 

— 

— 

— 

Repurchase of common shares.............................

(219,619) 

(1,605) 

(3,152) 

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests in 
consolidated affiliates.............................................

Adjustment of noncontrolling interest in the 
Operating Partnership............................................

— 

— 

Conversion of units into common shares...............

17,253 

Actuarial change and amortization of pension and 
postretirement plan liabilities..................................

Foreign currency translation adjustment................

Cash flow hedges...................................................

Allocation of other comprehensive income to 
noncontrolling interests in the Operating 
Partnership ............................................................

Distributions to noncontrolling interests in 
consolidated affiliates.............................................

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates 
redemption of shares ............................................
Balance, December 31, 2020...............................

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

496 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(24,393) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(711)
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(919)

(17,329) 

5,781 

— 
$239 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(1,350) 
784 
(30,875) 

—
15,114 

— 

— 

— 

— 

—

(5,430) 

(752)

(11,172) 
$97,677 
8,573 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 
179 
393 

— 
117,330 

(137,934) 

8,591 

6,428 

(2,984) 

(919) 

(22,759) 

5,029

(11,172) 
$1,654,550 
67,678 

(140,040) 

1,260 

6,904 

(12,680) 

(1,350) 
963 
(30,482) 

— 

(9,161) 

(9,161) 

— 
— 

—
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(925)

22,928 

(62,146) 

— 
(7,828) 

172,418 
29,784 

— 
— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(528) 
(146,278) 

32,574 

1,589 

8,026 

(4,757) 

333,366 

333,366 

— 

— 

—

5,344 

1,091 

(24,393) 

496 

(925) 

28,272 

(61,055) 

(2,540) 

— 

(2,540) 

— 

— 

(12,643) 

(12,643) 

(28,403) 

(28,403) 

 137,678,822 

 $1,101,675 

 $446,267 

($73,885) 

$388,588 

$1,862,645 

(a) For  information  regarding  distributions  to  noncontrolling  interests  in  the  Operating  Partnership,  see  the  Rayonier  Inc.  Consolidated

Statements of Cash Flows and Note 6 — Noncontrolling Interests.

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

70

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Years Ended December 31,
(Thousands of dollars)

2020

2019

2018

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

Net income...............................................................................................................................................

$29,784 

$67,678 

$117,330 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation, depletion and amortization.....................................................................................

164,996 

128,235 

144,121 

Non-cash cost of land and improved development.......................................................................

30,368 

Stock-based incentive compensation expense.............................................................................

Deferred income taxes..................................................................................................................

Amortization of losses from pension and postretirement plans....................................................

Timber write-offs due to casualty events......................................................................................

Gain on sale of large disposition of timberlands...........................................................................

Other.............................................................................................................................................

8,026 

7,541 

869 

15,203 

(28,655) 

(11,100) 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of merger with Pope Resources:

Receivables..................................................................................................................................

(15,378) 

Inventories....................................................................................................................................

Accounts payable.........................................................................................................................

All other operating activities..........................................................................................................

(1,448) 

5,668 

(1,700) 

12,565 

6,904 

11,314 

449 

— 

— 

23,553 

6,428 

22,832 

675 

— 

— 

(4,999) 

(2,613) 

(849)

1,224 

(1,554) 

(6,714) 

765

1,773 

(4,626) 

(142) 

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES........................................................................

204,174 

214,253 

310,096 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Capital expenditures................................................................................................................................

(66,500) 

(63,996) 

(62,325) 

Real estate development investments.....................................................................................................

(6,462) 

(6,803) 

(9,501) 

Purchase of timberlands..........................................................................................................................

(24,695) 

(142,287) 

(57,608) 

Net proceeds from large disposition of timberlands.................................................................................

115,666 

Cash consideration for merger with Pope Resources, net of cash acquired...........................................

(231,068) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

Other........................................................................................................................................................

(584)

(6,304)

(3,421) 

CASH USED FOR INVESTING ACTIVITIES...............................................................................

(213,643) 

(219,390) 

(132,855) 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Issuance of debt.......................................................................................................................................

320,000 

82,000 

1,014 

Repayment of debt...................................................................................................................................

(152,000) 

— 

(54,416) 

Dividends paid on common stock............................................................................................................

(146,348) 

(141,071) 

(136,772) 

Distributions to noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership.....................................................

Proceeds from the issuance of common shares under incentive stock plan...........................................

Proceeds from the issuance of common shares under the “at-the-market” (ATM) equity offering 
program, net of commissions and offering costs.....................................................................................

Repurchase of common shares to pay withholding taxes on vested incentive stock awards..................

Repurchase of common shares under repurchase program...................................................................

Debt issuance costs.................................................................................................................................

Proceeds from shareholder distribution hedge........................................................................................

(3,596) 

1,368 

32,574 

(1,605) 

(3,152) 

(2,483) 

— 

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates redemption of shares.................................................

(5,113) 

— 

1,260 

— 

(4,250) 

(8,430) 

(132)

135 

— 

— 

8,591 

— 

(2,984) 

— 

—

2,025 

— 

Distributions to noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates............................................................

(12,643) 

(9,161) 

(11,172) 

CASH PROVIDED BY (USED FOR) FINANCING ACTIVITIES...................................................

27,002 

(79,649) 

(193,714) 

EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH........................................................................

(19)

(1,700)

571 

CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH

Change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash............................................................................

Balance, beginning of year......................................................................................................................

17,514 

69,968 

(86,486) 

(15,902) 

156,454 

172,356 

Balance, end of year................................................................................................................................

$87,482 

$69,968 

$156,454 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

71

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
For the Years Ended December 31,
(Thousands of dollars)

2020

2019

2018

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid during the year:

Interest (a)..............................................................................................................................
Income taxes..........................................................................................................................

$40,895 
816 

$32,782 
1,691 

$33,120 
2,150 

Non-cash investing activity:

Capital assets purchased on account....................................................................................

$3,205 

$3,568 

$2,001 

Non-cash financing activity:

Equity consideration for merger with Pope Resources..........................................................

Redeemable Operating Partnership Unit consideration for merger with Pope Resources....
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates redemption of shares (b)..........................

$172,640 
106,752 
23,290 

— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 

(a)

Interest paid is presented net of patronage payments received of $4.7 million, $4.0 million and $4.1 million for the years ended December 31,
2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. For additional information on patronage payments, see Note 8 - Debt.

(b) Represents a capital distribution made by the New Zealand subsidiary in order to redeem certain equity interests, resulting in the recording of
a noncontrolling interest share redemption of $5.1 million and a loan payable by the New Zealand subsidiary in the amount of $23.3 million.
See Note 6 - Noncontrolling Interests and Note 8 - Debt for further information.

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

72

RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
For the Years Ended December 31,
(Dollars in thousands, except per unit amounts)

SALES (NOTE 3)..................................................................................................
Costs and Expenses

Cost of sales................................................................................................
Selling and general expenses......................................................................
Other operating (expense) income, net (Note 20)

OPERATING INCOME..........................................................................................
Interest expense....................................................................................................
Interest and other miscellaneous income, net.......................................................
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES...................................................................

Income tax expense (Note 11)............................................................................
NET INCOME........................................................................................................
Less: Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest in consolidated 
affiliates...............................................................................................................

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO RAYONIER, L.P. UNITHOLDERS.............

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of income tax effect of $0, 

$0 and $0..................................................................................................

Cash flow hedges, net of income tax effect of $1,845, $664 and $1,270....
Actuarial change and amortization of pension and postretirement plan 

liabilities, net of income tax effect of $0, $0 and $711...............................
Total other comprehensive loss...............................................................
COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME..................................................................
Less: Comprehensive loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest in 
consolidated affiliates............................................................................................

2020
$859,154 

2019
$711,556 

2018
$816,138 

(712,436) 
(50,645) 
(21,685) 
(784,766) 
74,388 
(38,768) 
1,173 

36,793 
(7,009) 
29,784 

(558,350) 
(41,646) 
(4,533) 
(604,529) 
107,027 
(31,716) 
5,307 

80,618 
(12,940) 
67,678 

(605,259) 
(41,951) 
1,140 
(646,070) 
170,068 
(32,066) 
4,564 

142,566 
(25,236) 
117,330 

7,828 

37,612 

(8,573) 

(15,114) 

59,105 

102,216 

28,272 
(61,055) 

963 
(30,482) 

(22,759) 
5,029 

(925)
(33,708) 
(3,924) 

(1,350)
(30,869) 
36,809 

(1,630) 
(19,360) 
97,970 

1,393 

(9,146) 

(8,931) 

COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO  RAYONIER, L.P. 
UNITHOLDERS....................................................................................................

($2,531) 

$27,663 

$89,039 

EARNINGS PER UNIT (NOTE 15)

Basic earnings per unit attributable to Rayonier, L.P.
Diluted earnings per unit attributable to Rayonier, L.P.

$0.28 
$0.27 

$0.46 
$0.46 

$0.79 
$0.79 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

73

RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
As of December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents, excluding Timber Funds...............................................................................
Cash and cash equivalents, Timber Funds...............................................................................................
Total cash and cash equivalents............................................................................................................

Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $25 and $24
Inventory (Note 22)...................................................................................................................................
Prepaid logging roads...............................................................................................................................
Prepaid expenses.....................................................................................................................................
Assets held for sale (Note 25)...................................................................................................................
Other current assets.................................................................................................................................
Total current assets..............................................................................................................................
TIMBER AND TIMBERLANDS, NET OF DEPLETION AND AMORTIZATION.........................................
HIGHER AND BETTER USE TIMBERLANDS AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT 

 INVESTMENTS (NOTE 9)......................................................................................................................

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Land..........................................................................................................................................................
Buildings...................................................................................................................................................
Machinery and equipment........................................................................................................................
Construction in progress...........................................................................................................................
Total property, plant and equipment, gross.............................................................................................
Less — accumulated depreciation............................................................................................................
Total property, plant and equipment, net..............................................................................................
RESTRICTED CASH (NOTE 23)................................................................................................................
RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS (NOTE 5)...........................................................................................................
OTHER ASSETS (NOTE 24)......................................................................................................................
TOTAL ASSETS..................................................................................................................................

2020

2019

$80,454 
4,053 
84,507 
49,082 
10,594 
12,073 
4,095 
3,449 
6,765 
170,565 
3,262,126 

$68,735 
— 
68,735 
27,127 
14,518 
12,128 
2,600 
— 
867 
125,975 
2,482,047 

108,518 

81,791 

6,548 
31,024 
4,615 
452 
42,639 
(12,238) 
30,401 
2,975 
108,992 
45,156 
$3,728,733 

4,131 
23,095 
4,339 
348 
31,913 
(9,662) 
22,251 
1,233 
99,942 
47,757 
$2,860,996 

 LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP UNITS AND CAPITAL

CURRENT LIABILITIES

Accounts payable.....................................................................................................................................
Current maturities of long-term debt, excluding Timber Funds (Note 8)...................................................
Accrued taxes...........................................................................................................................................
Accrued payroll and benefits.....................................................................................................................
Accrued interest........................................................................................................................................
Deferred revenue......................................................................................................................................
Other current liabilities..............................................................................................................................
Total current liabilities...........................................................................................................................

$24,790 
— 
7,347 
12,327 
6,325 
11,112 
29,234 
91,135 

$18,160 
82,000 
3,032 
8,869 
5,205 
11,440 
22,480 
151,186 

LONG-TERM DEBT, NET OF DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS, EXCLUDING TIMBER FUNDS 
(NOTE 8).....................................................................................................................................................

1,300,336 

973,129 

LONG-TERM DEBT, NET OF DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS, TIMBER FUNDS (NOTE 8)................
PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS (NOTE 18).......................................................
LONG-TERM LEASE LIABILITY (NOTE 5)...............................................................................................
OTHER NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES.......................................................................................................
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (NOTES 10 and 12).................................................................
REDEEMABLE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP UNITS (NOTE 6) 4,428,900 and 0 Units outstanding, 
respectively................................................................................................................................................
CAPITAL.....................................................................................................................................................
General partners’ capital...........................................................................................................................
Limited partners’ capital............................................................................................................................
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (Note 26)...................................................................................
TOTAL CONTROLLING INTEREST CAPITAL.....................................................................................
Noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates (Note 6)........................................................................
TOTAL CAPITAL...................................................................................................................................

60,179 
23,344 
100,251 
160,722 

— 
25,311 
90,481 
83,247 

130,121 

— 

15,454 
1,529,948 
(71,345) 
1,474,057 
388,588 
1,862,645 

14,712 
1,456,471 
(31,202) 
1,439,981 
97,661 
1,537,642 

TOTAL LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP UNITS AND CAPITAL.............

$3,728,733 

$2,860,996 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

74

RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN CAPITAL
(Dollars in thousands, except share data)

Balance, December 31, 2018..................................................
Net income................................................................................

$15,566 

$1,541,068 

591 

58,514 

Distributions on units ($1.08 per unit).......................................

(1,400) 

(138,640) 

Issuance of units under incentive stock plans...........................
Stock-based compensation.......................................................

13 
69 

1,247 
6,835 

Repurchase of units..................................................................

(127)

(12,553)

Balance, December 31, 2017..................................................
Cumulative-effect adjustment due to adoption of ASU No. 
2018-02.....................................................................................

Net income................................................................................

Distributions on units ($1.06 per unit).......................................

Issuance of units under incentive stock plans...........................

Stock-based compensation.......................................................

Repurchase of units..................................................................

Actuarial change and amortization of pension and 
postretirement plan liabilities.....................................................

Foreign currency translation adjustment...................................

Cash flow hedges......................................................................

Distributions to noncontrolling interests in consolidated 
affiliates.....................................................................................

Actuarial change and amortization of pension and 
postretirement plan liabilities.....................................................

Foreign currency translation adjustment...................................

Cash flow hedges......................................................................

Distributions to noncontrolling interests in consolidated 
affiliates.....................................................................................

Balance, December 31, 2019..................................................
Issuance of units associated with the merger with Pope 
Resources.................................................................................

Net income (loss)......................................................................
Distributions on units ($1.08 per unit).......................................

Issuance of units under the “at-the-market” equity offering, net 
of commissions and offering costs of $799...............................

Issuance of units under incentive stock plans...........................

Stock-based compensation.......................................................

Repurchase of units..................................................................

Adjustment of Redeemable Operating Partnership Units.........

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates

Conversion of units to common shares.....................................

Actuarial change and amortization of pension and 
postretirement plan liabilities.....................................................

Foreign currency translation adjustment...................................

Cash flow hedges......................................................................

Distributions to noncontrolling interests in consolidated 
affiliates.....................................................................................

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates redemption 
of unit equivalents.....................................................................

Balance, December 31, 2020..................................................

Units

General 
Partners’ 
Capital

Limited 
Partners’ 
Capital

$15,796 

$1,563,810 

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive 
Income (Loss)
$13,417 

Noncontrolling 
Interests in 
Consolidated 
Affiliates

$99,917 

Total Capital
$1,692,940 

7 

704 

(711)

—

— 

1,022 

101,194 

(1,379) 

(136,555) 

86 

64 

(30)

— 

— 

— 

— 

8,505 

6,364 

(2,954)

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(919)

15,114 

117,330 

— 

— 

— 

— 

—

(137,934) 

8,591 

6,428 

(2,984) 

(919) 

(17,329) 

(5,430) 

(22,759) 

5,781 

(752)

5,029

— 

$239 

— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

(1,350) 

784 

(30,875) 

(11,172) 

(11,172) 

$97,677 

$1,654,550 

8,573 

67,678 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 

179 

393 

(140,040) 

1,260 
6,904 

(12,680) 

(1,350) 

963 

(30,482) 

— 

(9,161) 

(9,161) 

$14,712 

$1,456,471 

($31,202) 

$97,661 

$1,537,642 

1,724 

376 

170,694 

37,236 

(1,500) 

(148,375) 

326 

16 

81 

(47)

(239)

— 

5 

— 

— 

— 

— 

32,248 

1,573 

7,945 

(4,710)

(23,625)

— 

491 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(925)

22,928 

(62,146) 

— 

(7,828) 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

172,418 

29,784 

(149,875) 

32,574 

1,589 

8,026 

(4,757) 

(23,864) 

333,366 

333,366 

— 

—

5,344 

1,091 

496 

(925) 

28,272 

(61,055) 

— 

(12,643) 

(12,643) 

— 
$15,454 

— 
$1,529,948 

— 
($71,345) 

(28,403) 
$388,588 

(28,403) 
$1,862,645 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

75

RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
As of December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

Net income.............................................................................................................................

$29,784 

$67,678 

$117,330 

2020

2019

2018

Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation, depletion and amortization............................................................................

Non-cash cost of land and improved development.............................................................

Stock-based incentive compensation expense...................................................................

Deferred income taxes........................................................................................................

Amortization of losses from pension and postretirement plans..........................................

Timber write-offs due to casualty events.............................................................................

Gain on sale of large disposition of timberlands.................................................................

Other...................................................................................................................................

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of merger with Pope Resources:

164,996 

30,368 

8,026 

7,541 

869 

15,203 

(28,655) 

(11,100) 

Receivables........................................................................................................................

(15,378) 

Inventories..........................................................................................................................

Accounts payable................................................................................................................

All other operating activities................................................................................................

(1,448) 

5,668 

(1,700) 

128,235 

144,121 

12,565 

6,904 

11,314 

449 

— 

— 

23,553 

6,428 

22,832 

675 

— 

— 

(4,999) 

(2,613) 

(849)

1,224 

(1,554) 

(6,714) 

765

1,773 

(4,626) 

(142) 

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES..............................................................

204,174 

214,253 

310,096 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Capital expenditures..............................................................................................................

Real estate development investments...................................................................................

Purchase of timberlands........................................................................................................

Net proceeds from large disposition of timberlands...............................................................

Cash consideration for merger with Pope Resources, net of cash acquired.........................

(66,500) 

(6,462) 

(24,695) 

115,666 

(231,068) 

(63,996) 

(6,803) 

(142,287) 

— 

— 

(62,325) 

(9,501) 

(57,608) 

— 

— 

Other......................................................................................................................................

(584)

(6,304)

(3,421) 

CASH USED FOR INVESTING ACTIVITIES......................................................................

(213,643) 

(219,390) 

(132,855) 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Issuance of debt.....................................................................................................................

Repayment of debt.................................................................................................................

Distributions on units..............................................................................................................

Proceeds from the issuance of units under incentive stock plan...........................................

Repurchase of units to pay withholding taxes on vested incentive stock awards..................

Debt issuance costs...............................................................................................................

Proceeds from the issuance of units under the “at-the-market” (ATM) equity offering 
program, net of commissions and offering costs....................................................................

Repurchase of units made under repurchase program.........................................................

Proceeds from shareholder distribution hedge......................................................................

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates redemption of shares................................

Distributions to noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates..........................................

CASH PROVIDED BY (USED FOR) FINANCING ACTIVITIES.........................................

EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH......................................................

CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH 

Change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash..........................................................

Balance, beginning of year....................................................................................................

Balance, end of period...........................................................................................................

320,000 

(152,000) 

(149,944) 

1,368 

(1,605) 

(2,483) 

32,574 

(3,152) 

— 

(5,113) 

(12,643) 

27,002 

(19)

17,514 

69,968 

$87,482 

82,000 

— 

(141,071) 

1,260 

(4,250) 

(132)

— 

(8,430) 

135 

— 

(9,161) 

(79,649) 

(1,700)

(86,486) 

156,454 

$69,968 

1,014 

(54,416) 

(136,772) 

8,591 

(2,984) 

—

— 

— 

2,025 

— 

(11,172) 

(193,714) 

571 

(15,902) 

172,356 

$156,454 

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

76

2020

2019

2018

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION

Cash paid during the period:

Interest (a)...........................................................................................................................

$40,895 

Income taxes.......................................................................................................................

816 

$32,782 

1,691 

$33,120 

2,150 

Non-cash investing activity:

Capital assets purchased on account.................................................................................

$3,205 

$3,568 

$2,001 

Non-cash financing activity:

Unit consideration for merger with Pope Resources...........................................................

$172,640 

Redeemable Operating Partnership Unit consideration for merger with Pope Resources.

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates redemption of shares (b).......................

106,752 

23,290 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(a) Interest paid is presented net of patronage payments received of $4.7 million, $4.0 million and $4.1 million for the years ended December

31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. For additional information on patronage payments, see Note 8 — Debt.

(b) Represents a capital distribution made by the New Zealand subsidiary in order to redeem certain equity interests, resulting in the recording
of  a  noncontrolling  interest  share  redemption  of  $5.1  million  and  a  loan  payable  by  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary  in  the  amount  of
$23.3 million. See Note 6 - Noncontrolling Interests and Note 8 - Debt for further information.

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

77

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

1.

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally 
accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Rayonier Inc.'s Consolidated Financial Statements include 
the Operating Partnership, wholly-owned subsidiaries and entities in which the Company has a controlling interest. 
Rayonier,  L.P.'s  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  include  wholly-owned  subsidiaries  and  entities  in  which  the 
Operating Partnership has a controlling interest. For additional information regarding our consolidated entities with a 
noncontrolling interest component, see Note 6 - Noncontrolling Interests for additional information. All intercompany 
balances and transactions are eliminated.

On  May  7,  2020,  Rayonier  Inc.  contributed  its  100%  ownership  interest  in  Rayonier  Operating  Company  LLC 
(the  “Contribution”)  to  Rayonier,  L.P.  As  a  result  of  the  Contribution,  which  constituted  the  transfer  of  all  or 
substantially all of Rayonier’s assets under the terms of the Indenture, dated March 5, 2012 (as supplemented and 
amended from time to time, the “Indenture”), between Rayonier, as issuer, the subsidiary guarantors party thereto 
and  The  Bank  of  New  York  Mellon  Trust  Company,  N.A.,  as  trustee,  Rayonier,  L.P.  expressly  assumed  all  the 
obligations  of  Rayonier  under  the  Indenture,  including  obligations  with  respect  to  the  outstanding  $325  million  in 
aggregate principal amount of 3.750% Senior Notes due 2022 (the “2022 Notes”) issued thereunder.

On May 7, 2020, Rayonier, Rayonier, L.P., the subsidiary guarantors party thereto and the Trustee entered into 
the Third  Supplemental  Indenture,  pursuant  to  which  (1)  Rayonier,  L.P.  succeeded  to  and  became  substituted  for 
the Company under the Indenture and 2022 Notes and expressly assumed all the obligations of the Company under 
the Indenture, including obligations with respect to the 2022 Notes, and (2) Rayonier agreed to irrevocably, fully and 
unconditionally guarantee, jointly and severally, the obligations of Rayonier, L.P. under Indenture, including the 2022 
Notes.

On May 8, 2020, Rayonier, L.P. acquired Pope Resources and became the general partner of Pope Resources. 
The  acquisition  occurred  pursuant  to  a  series  of  mergers  (the  “Mergers”)  provided  for  in Agreement  and  Plan  of 
Merger, dated as of January 14, 2020, as amended by Amendment No. 1, dated as of April 1, 2020 (as amended, 
the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Rayonier Inc., Rayonier, L.P., Rayonier Operating Company LLC, Rayonier 
Operating  Company  Holdings,  LLC,  Pacific  GP  Merger  Sub  I,  LLC,  Pacific  GP  Merger  Sub  II,  LLC,  Pacific  LP 
Merger Sub III, LLC, Pope Resources, Pope EGP, Inc. and Pope MGP, Inc. As of December 31, 2020, the Company 
owned a 96.9% interest in the Operating Partnership, with the remaining 3.1% interest owned by limited partners of 
the  Operating  Partnership. As  the  sole  general  partner  of  the  Operating  Partnership,  Rayonier  Inc.  has  exclusive 
control of the day-to-day management of the Operating Partnership. 

The Contribution was accounted for as a change in reporting entity between entities under common control in 
accordance with ASC 250-10-45-21. A change in reporting entity requires retrospective application for all periods as 
if  the  Contribution  had  been  in  effect  since  inception  of  common  control.  As  a  result,  the  consolidated  financial 
statements  and  notes  thereto  for  Rayonier,  L.P.  in  this  combined  report  have  been  prepared  as  if  the  change  in 
reporting entity occurred on January 1, 2018. 

78

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

The  effect  of  the  change  in  reporting  entity  on  Rayonier,  L.P.’s  operating  income,  net  income  attributable  to 
Rayonier,  L.P.  and  per  unit  amounts  for  the  twelve  months  ended  December  31,  2020,  2019,  and  2018  are 
presented below (in thousands, except per unit amounts):

Year Ended
December 31,

2020

2019

2018

Operating income...........................................................................................................

— 

— 

— 

Net income attributable to Rayonier, L.P. (a)..................................................................

($14,384) 

($14,384) 

($14,384) 

Basic earnings per unit attributable to Rayonier, L.P......................................................

($0.11) 

($0.11) 

($0.11) 

Diluted earnings per unit attributable to Rayonier, L.P....................................................

($0.11) 

($0.11) 

($0.11) 

(a) The effect of the change in net income attributable to Rayonier, L.P. is due to the interest expense and guarantee fees associated with the

2022 Notes.

MERGER WITH POPE RESOURCES

On May 8, 2020, we completed the acquisition of Pope Resources. Therefore, Pope Resources’ balance sheet 
and results of operations are included in our consolidated financial statements from and after the date of acquisition. 
See Note 2 - Merger with Pope Resources, Note 8 - Debt, and Note 21 - Charges for Integration and Restructuring 
for further information pertaining to the merger. 

As a result of the Mergers, we have revised our reportable business segments, adding one additional segment, 
Timber Funds. Please see Note 7 - Segment and Geographical information for more information about our revised 
business segments.

RECLASSIFICATIONS

Effective April 1, 2020, we changed the composition of our Rural and Timberland & Non-Strategic Real Estate 
sales categories to better align with the way management internally evaluates real estate sales. The Rural category 
now  includes  all  real  estate  sales  (excluding  development  sales)  representing  a  demonstrable  premium  above 
timberland value. The Timberland & Non-Strategic category now includes all real estate sales representing little to 
no  premium  to  timberland  value. This  category  consists  primarily  of  sales  of  property  that  management  views  as 
non-strategic to our long-term portfolio as well as sales of property for capital allocation purposes that do not fit the 
definition of a Large Disposition. All prior period amounts have been reclassified to reflect the new composition of 
these  two  sales  categories.  The  Improved  Development,  Unimproved  Development  and  Large  Disposition 
categories  remain  unchanged,  and  this  reclassification  had  no  impact  on  overall  segment  results.  See  Note  3  - 
Revenue.

USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates 
and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  to  disclose  contingent  assets  and 
liabilities  at  the  date  of  the  financial  statements  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the 
reporting  period.  There  are  risks  inherent  in  estimating  and  therefore  actual  results  could  differ  from  those 
estimates.

79

 
RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and other highly liquid investments with original maturities 

of three months or less.

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

Accounts  receivable  are  primarily  amounts  due  to  us  for  the  sale  of  timber  and  are  presented  net  of  an 

allowance for doubtful accounts.

INVENTORY

HBU real estate properties that are expected to be sold within one year are included in inventory at the lower of 
cost or net realizable value. HBU properties that are expected to be sold after one year are included in a separate 
balance  sheet  line  entitled  “Higher  and  Better  Use Timberlands  and  Real  Estate  Development  Investments.”  See 
below for additional information.

Inventory also includes logs available to be sold by the Trading segment. Log inventory is recorded at the lower 
of  cost  or  net  realizable  value  and  expensed  to  cost  of  sales  when  sold  to  third-party  buyers.  See  Note  22  — 
Inventory for additional information.

PREPAID LOGGING ROADS

Costs for roads built in the Pacific Northwest and New Zealand to access particular tracts to be harvested in the 
upcoming  24  months  to  60  months  are  recorded  as  prepaid  logging  roads.  We  charge  such  costs  to  expense  as 
timber is harvested using an amortization rate determined annually as the total cost of prepaid roads divided by the 
estimated  tons  of  timber  to  be  accessed  by  those  roads. The  prepaid  balance  is  classified  as  short-term  or  long-
term based on the upcoming harvest schedule. See Note 24 — Other Assets for additional information.

PATRONAGE DIVIDENDS

As a requirement of the Farm Credit Act, borrowers in the Farm Credit System are required to purchase equity 
in Farm Credit lenders. The equity balance primarily represents shares of Class A common stock in CoBank valued 
at $100 par value. CoBank equity purchases continue annually until a balance equal to 8% of our 10-year historical 
average loan balance at CoBank is obtained. Initially, a minimal equity purchase was made in cash upon receiving 
the  loan  proceeds.  Subsequently,  equity  purchases  are  made  annually  through  patronage  dividends,  of  which 
approximately 75% is cash and 25% is equity. The stock has no cash value until retired. As our loans are paid in full, 
the stock is generally retired over a 10-year loan base period beginning in the year following loan payoff.

Estimated  cash  and  equity  dividends  are  recognized  as  an  offset  to  interest  expense  in  the  period  earned. 
These estimates are calculated by applying the weighted average debt balance with each participating lender to a 
historical  dividend  rate.  Changes  in  assumptions,  as  well  as  changes  in  actual  experience,  could  cause  the 
estimates to change. See Note 8 — Debt and Note 24 — Other Assets for additional information.

DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS

Deferred  financing  costs  related  to  revolving  debt  are  capitalized  and  amortized  to  interest  expense  over  the 
term of the revolving debt using a method that approximates the effective interest method. See Note 24 — Other 
Assets  for  additional  information  on  deferred  financing  costs  related  to  revolving  debt.  See  Note  8  —  Debt  for 
additional information on deferred financing costs related to term debt.

CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE COSTS

Software  costs  are  capitalized  and  amortized  over  a  period  not  exceeding  five  years  using  the  straight-line 

method.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

TIMBER AND TIMBERLANDS

Timber is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Costs relating  to  acquiring,  planting and  growing 
timber  including  real  estate  taxes,  site  preparation  and  direct  support  costs  relating  to  facilities,  vehicles  and 
supplies, are capitalized. A portion of timberland lease payments are capitalized based on the proportion of acres 
with  merchantable  timber  volume  remaining  to  be  harvested  under  the  lease  term  and  the  residual  portion  of  the 
lease payments are expensed as incurred. Payroll costs are capitalized for time spent on timber growing activities, 
while  interest  or  any  other  intangible  costs  are  not  capitalized.  An  annual  depletion  rate  is  established  for  each 
particular  region  by  dividing  merchantable  inventory  cost  by  standing  merchantable  inventory  volume,  which  is 
estimated annually. We charge accumulated costs attributed to merchantable timber to depletion expense (cost of 
sales) at the time the timber is harvested or when the underlying timberland is sold. 

Upon  the  acquisition  of  timberland,  we  make  a  determination  on  whether  to  combine  the  newly  acquired 
merchantable timber with an existing depletion pool or to create a new, separate pool. This determination is based 
on the geographic location of the new timber, the customers/markets that will be served and the species mix. If the 
acquisition is similar, the cost of the acquired timber is combined into an existing depletion pool and a new depletion 
rate  is  calculated  for  the  pool.  This  determination  and  depletion  rate  adjustment  normally  occurs  in  the  quarter 
following the acquisition.

HIGHER AND BETTER USE TIMBERLANDS AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENTS

HBU  timberland  is  recorded  at  the  lower  of  cost  or  net  realizable  value.  These  properties  are  managed  as 
timberlands until sold or developed, with sales and depletion expense related to the harvesting of timber accounted 
for within the respective timber segment. At the time of sale, the cost basis of any unharvested timber is recorded as 
depletion expense, a component of cost of sales, within the Real Estate segment.

HBU  timberland  and  real  estate  development  investments  expected  to  be  sold  within  twelve  months  are 
recorded  as  inventory.  See  Note  9  —  Higher  and  Better  Use  Timberlands  and  Real  Estate  Development 
Investments for additional information.

REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENTS 

Real estate development investments include capitalized costs for targeted infrastructure improvements, such 
as roadways and utilities. The capitalization period relating to real estate development investments is the period in 
which  activities  necessary  to  ready  a  property  for  its  intended  use  are  in  progress. The  period  begins  when  such 
activities  commence,  typically  when  we  begin  the  site  work  for  land  already  owned,  and  ends  when  the 
improvement  is  substantially  complete  and  ready  for  its  intended  use.  Determination  of  when  construction  of  a 
project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use is subjective and requires business judgement. As 
such, we determine when the capitalization period begins and ends through communication with project and other 
managers responsible for the tracking and oversight of individual projects.

We capitalize costs directly associated with development and construction of identified real estate projects, such 
as  infrastructure,  roadways,  utilities,  amenities  and/or  other  improvements  designed  to  enhance  marketability  and 
create parcels, pads and/or lots for sale. We capitalize interest based on the amount of underlying expenditures on 
real estate projects under development. 

 IMPAIRMENT OF HBU TIMBERLANDS AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENTS 

We  review  our  higher  and  better  use  timberlands  and  real  estate  development  investments  for  potential 
impairment indicators whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be 
recoverable. 

Impairment indicators for each development project are assessed separately and include, but are not limited to, 
significant  decreases  in  sales  pace  or  average  selling  prices,  significant  increases  in  expected  land  development 
and  construction  costs,  and  projected  losses  on  expected  future  sales.  Development  projects  have  extended  life 
cycles that may last 20 to 40 years, or longer, and have few long-term contractual cash flows. Development periods 
often  occur  through  several  economic  cycles.  Subjective  factors  such  as  the  expected  timing  of  property 
development and sales, optimal development density and sales strategy impact the timing and amount of expected 
future cash flows and fair value.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

An  impairment  loss  is  recognized  if  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  is  not  recoverable  and  exceeds  its  fair 
value. The evaluation of anticipated cash flows is highly subjective and is based in part on assumptions regarding 
future  economic  conditions,  such  as  construction  costs  and  sales  values  that  could  differ  materially  from  actual 
results in future periods. If impairment indicators exist and it is expected that undiscounted cash flows generated by 
the asset are less than its carrying amount less costs to sell, an impairment provision is recorded to write-down the 
carrying amount of the asset to its fair value.

PROPERTY, PLANT, EQUIPMENT AND DEPRECIATION

Property, plant and equipment additions are recorded at cost, including applicable freight, interest, construction 
and installation costs. We generally depreciate our assets, including office and transportation equipment, using the 
straight-line  depreciation  method  over  3  to  25  years.  Buildings  and  land  improvements  are  depreciated  using  the 
straight-line method over 15 to 35 years and 5 to 30 years, respectively.

  Gains and losses on the sale or retirement of assets are included in operating income. Long-lived assets are 
reviewed  for  impairment  whenever  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset 
may  not  be  recoverable.  Recoverability  of  assets  that  are  held  and  used  is  measured  by  net  undiscounted  cash 
flows expected to  be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be 
recognized is the amount the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the assets, which is based on a discounted 
cash flow model. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less cost to 
sell.

LEASES

At inception, we determine if an arrangement is a lease and whether that lease meets the classification criteria 
of a finance or operating lease. Operating leases are included in right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, other current liabilities, 
and long-term lease liability in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The income generated from our commercial and 
residential leases in Port Gamble are accounted for in accordance with Topic 842. We recognize the total minimum 
lease payments provided for under the leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the 
obligation  to  make  lease  payments  arising  from  the  lease.  Operating  lease  ROU  assets  and  liabilities  are 
recognized  at  the  lease  commencement  date  based  on  the  estimated  present  value  of  lease  payments  over  the 
lease term. To estimate the incremental borrowing rate, we derive the rate by applying a spread over U.S. Treasury 
rates  with  similar  durations  to  our  lease  payments.  Lease  terms  may  include  options  to  extend  or  terminate  the 
lease  when  it  is  reasonably  certain  that  we  will  exercise  that  option.  Lease  expense  for  lease  payments  is 
recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. 

RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS IMPAIRMENT

Operating lease right-of-use assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances 
indicate  that  the  carrying  amount  of  the  asset  group  to  which  the  operating  lease  is  assigned  may  not  be 
recoverable.  Recoverability  of  the  asset  group  is  evaluated  based  on  forecasted  undiscounted  cash  flows.  If  the 
carrying amount of the asset group is not recoverable, the fair value of the asset group is compared to its carrying 
amount  and  an  impairment  charge  is  recognized  for  the  amount  by  which  the  carrying  amount  exceeds  the  fair 
value.  A  discounted  cash  flow  approach  using  market  participant  assumptions  of  the  expected  cash  flows  and 
discount rate are used to estimate the fair value of the asset group.

INVESTMENTS

 Investments are carried at fair value based on quoted prices in their active market with both the realized and 
unrealized gains and losses as well as interest and dividends reported in “Interest and other miscellaneous income, 
net.” Investments at December 31, 2019 consisted of marketable equity securities and none were held at December 
31, 2020.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an 
exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between 
market participants at the measurement date. A three-level hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair 
value was established as follows:

Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar 
assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets 
that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the 
fair  value  of  the  assets  or  liabilities.  This  includes  certain  pricing  models,  discounted  cash  flow 
methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION LIABILITIES

Environmental  remediation  liabilities  have  been  evaluated  using  a  combination  of  methods.  The  liability  is 
estimated  based  on  amounts  included  in  construction  contracts  and  estimates  for  construction  contingencies, 
project  management,  and  other  professional  fees.  See  Note  13  -  Environmental  and  Natural  Resource  Damages 
Liabilities for more information.

GOODWILL

  Goodwill represents the excess of the acquisition cost of the New Zealand Timber segment over the fair value of 
the net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized, but is periodically reviewed for impairment. An impairment test 
for this reporting unit’s goodwill is performed annually and whenever events or circumstances indicate that the value 
of goodwill may be impaired. We compare the fair value of the New Zealand Timber segment, using an independent 
valuation for the New Zealand forest assets, to its carrying value including goodwill. The independent valuation of 
the  New  Zealand  forest  assets  is  based  on  discounted  cash  flow  models  where  the  fair  value  is  calculated  using 
cash  flows  from  sustainable  forest  management  plans.  The  fair  value  of  the  forest  assets  is  measured  as  the 
present  value  of  cash  flows  from  one  growth  cycle  based  on  the  productive  forest  land,  taking  into  consideration 
environmental, operational, and market restrictions. These cash flow valuations involve a number of estimates that 
require broad assumptions and significant judgment regarding future performance. The annual impairment test was 
performed  as  of  October  1,  2020;  the  estimated  fair  value  of  the  New  Zealand  Timber  segment  exceeded  its 
carrying  value  and  no  impairment  was  recorded.  Except  for  changes  in  the  New  Zealand  foreign  exchange  rate, 
there have been no adjustments to the carrying value of goodwill since the initial recognition. See Note 24 — Other 
Assets for additional information.

FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION AND REMEASUREMENT

The  functional  currency  of  our  New  Zealand-based  operations  is  the  New  Zealand  dollar.  All  assets  and 
liabilities  are  translated  into  U.S.  dollars  at  the  exchange  rate  in  effect  at  the  respective  balance  sheet  dates. 
Translation gains and losses are recorded as a separate component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income 
(“AOCI”), within Shareholders’ Equity.

U.S. denominated transactions of the New Zealand subsidiary are remeasured into New Zealand dollars at the 
exchange rate in effect on the date of the transaction and recognized in earnings, net of related cash flow hedges. 
All  income  statement  items  of  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary  are  translated  into  U.S.  dollars  for  reporting  purposes 
using monthly average exchange rates with translation gains and losses being recorded as a separate component 
of AOCI, within Shareholders’ Equity.

REDEEMABLE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP UNITS

Limited partners holding Redeemable Operating Partnership Units have the right to put any and all of the units 
to the Operating Partnership in exchange for Rayonier registered common shares, on a one-for-one basis, or cash, 
at  Rayonier’s  option.  Consequently,  these  Redeemable  Operating  Partnership  Units  are  classified  outside  of 
permanent  partners’  capital  in  the  Operating  Partnership's  accompanying  balance  sheets  and  the  related 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

noncontrolling  interest  is  classified  outside  of  permanent  equity  in  the  accompanying  balance  sheets  of  Rayonier. 
The  recorded  value  of  the  Redeemable  Operating  Partnership  Units  is  based  on  the  higher  of  1)  initial  carrying 
amount,  increased  or  decreased  for  its  share  of  net  income  or  loss,  other  comprehensive  income  or  loss,  and 
dividend or 2) redemption value as measured by the closing price of Rayonier common stock on the balance sheet 
date multiplied by the total number of Redeemable Operating Partnership Units outstanding. 

RELATED PARTY

We follow ASC 850, Related Party Disclosure, for the identification of related parties and disclosure of related party 
transactions.  A  party  is  considered  to  be  related  to  us  if  the  party,  directly  or  indirectly  or  through  one  or  more 
intermediaries, controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with us. Related parties also include principal 
owners, management and directors, as well as members of their immediate families or any other parties with which 
we  may  deal  if  one  party  to  a  transaction  controls  or  can  significantly  influence  the  management  or  operating 
policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own 
separate interests. 

Transactions  involving  related  parties  cannot  be  presumed  to  be  carried  out  on  an  arm’s-length  basis,  as  the 
requisite  conditions  of  competitive,  free-market  dealings  may  not  exist.  Representations  about  transactions  with 
related parties, if made, shall not imply that the related party transactions were consummated on terms equivalent to 
those  that  prevail  in  arm’s-length  transactions  unless  such  representations  can  be  substantiated.  See  Note  28  – 
Related Party.

BUSINESS COMBINATION

We  account  for  business  combinations  using  the  acquisition  method  of  accounting,  under  which  all  assets 
acquired  and  liabilities  assumed,  including  amounts  attributable  to  noncontrolling  interest,  are  recorded  at  their 
respective fair values as of the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable 
assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. The preliminary allocation of purchase price in a business combination 
uses significant assumptions and estimates. Critical estimates include, but are not limited to, future expected cash 
flows,  including  revenues  and  expenses,  and  applicable  discount  rates.  While  we  believe  our  estimates  and 
assumptions  to  be  reasonable,  they  are  subject  to  change  as  we  obtain  additional  information  related  to  those 
estimates during the applicable measurement periods (up to one year from the acquisition date).

If the initial accounting for a business combination is incomplete by the end of the reporting period in which the 
combination occurs, we are required to record preliminary values in the financial statements for the items for which 
the  accounting  is  incomplete.  Adjustments  to  the  preliminary  recorded  values,  which  are  identified  during  the 
measurement period, are recognized in the reporting period in which the adjustments are determined. This includes 
any effect on earnings of changes in depletion, depreciation or amortization, or other income effects as a result of 
the  change  to  the  recorded  values,  calculated  as  if  the  accounting  had  been  completed  at  the  acquisition  date. 
During the measurement period, we are also required to recognize additional assets or liabilities if new information 
is obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have resulted 
in the recognition of those assets and liabilities as of that date. The measurement period ends the sooner of one 
year from the acquisition date or when we receive the information we were seeking about facts and circumstances 
that existed as of the  acquisition  date  or learn  that more information is not  obtainable. See Note 2 – Merger with 
Pope Resources

REVENUE RECOGNITION

We recognize revenues when control of promised goods or services (“performance obligations”) is transferred 
to  customers,  in  an  amount  that  reflects  the  consideration  expected  in  exchange  for  those  goods  or  services 
(“transaction  price”).  We  generally  satisfy  performance  obligations  within  a  year  of  entering  into  a  contract  and 
therefore  have  applied  the  disclosure  exemption  found  under  ASC  606-10-50-14.  Unsatisfied  performance 
obligations  as  of  December  31,  2020  are  primarily  due  to  advances  on  stumpage  contracts  and  unearned  hunt 
license  revenue.  These  performance  obligations  are  expected  to  be  satisfied  within  the  next  twelve  months.  We 
generally  collect  payment  within  a  year  of  satisfying  performance  obligations  and  therefore  have  elected  not  to 
adjust revenues for a financing component.  

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

TIMBER SALES

Revenue  from  the  sale  of  timber  is  recognized  when  control  passes  to  the  buyer.  We  utilize  two  primary 
methods or sales channels for the sale of timber – a stumpage/standing timber model and a delivered log model. 
The sales method we employ depends upon local market conditions and which method management believes will 
provide the best overall margins. 

Under  the  stumpage  model,  standing  timber  is  sold  primarily  under  pay-as-cut  contracts,  with  a  specified 
duration (typically one year or less) and fixed prices, whereby revenue is recognized as timber is severed and the 
sales  volume  is  determined.  We  also  sell  stumpage  under  lump-sum  contracts  for  specified  parcels  where  we 
receive cash for the full agreed value of the timber prior to harvest and control passes to the buyer upon signing the 
contract. We retain interest in the land, slash products and the use of the land for recreational and other purposes. 
Any  uncut  timber  remaining  at  the  end  of  the  contract  period  reverts  to  us.  Revenue  is  recognized  for  lump-sum 
timber  sales  when  payment  is  received,  the  contract  is  signed  and  control  passes  to  the  buyer.  A  third  type  of 
stumpage  sale  we  utilize  is  an  agreed-volume  sale,  whereby  revenue  is  recognized  using  the  output  method,  as 
periodic physical observations are made of the percentage of acreage harvested. 

Under  the  delivered  log  model,  we  hire  third-party  loggers  and  haulers  to  harvest  timber  and  deliver  it  to  a 
buyer. Sales of domestic logs generally do not require an initial payment and are made to third-party customers on 
open  credit  terms.  Sales  of  export  logs  generally  require  a  letter  of  credit  from  an  approved  bank.  Revenue  is 
recognized  when  the  logs  are  delivered  and  control  has  passed  to  the  buyer.  For  domestic  log  sales,  control  is 
considered passed to the buyer as the logs are delivered to the customer’s facility. For export log sales (primarily in 
New Zealand), control is considered passed to the buyer upon delivery onto the export vessel. 

The following table summarizes revenue recognition and general payment terms for timber sales:

Contract Type

Performance 
Obligation

Timing of 
Revenue Recognition 

General 
Payment Terms

Stumpage Pay-as-Cut

Stumpage Lump Sum

Stumpage Agreed Volume

Right to harvest a unit (i.e. 
ton, MBF, JAS m3) of 
standing timber 

Right to harvest an agreed 
upon acreage of standing 
timber

Right to harvest an agreed 
upon volume of standing 
timber

As timber is severed 
(point-in-time)

Initial payment between 
5% and 20% of estimated 
contract value; collection 
generally within 10 days of 
severance

Contract execution 
(point-in-time)

Full payment due upon 
contract execution

As timber is severed
 (over-time)

Delivered Wood (Domestic)

Delivery of a unit (i.e. ton, 
MBF, JAS m3) of timber to 
customer’s facility

Upon delivery to customer’s 
facility
 (point-in-time)

Delivered Wood (Export)

Delivery of a unit (i.e. ton, 
MBF, JAS m3) onto export 
vessel

Upon delivery onto export 
vessel
 (point-in-time)

NON-TIMBER SALES

Payments made throughout 
contract term at the earlier of a 
specified harvest percentage 
or time elapsed

No initial payment and on open 
credit terms; collection 
generally within 30 days of 
invoice

Letter of credit from an 
approved bank; collection 
generally within 30 days of 
delivery

Non-timber sales are primarily comprised of hunting and recreational licenses, carbon credits and other auxiliary 
income.  Hunting  and  recreational  license  sales  and  any  related  costs  are  recognized  ratably  over  the  term  of  the 
agreement  and  included  in  “Sales”  and  “Cost  of  sales,”  respectively.  Payment  is  generally  due  upon  contract 
execution. The New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme (“NZ ETS”) incentivizes the lowering of greenhouse gas 
emissions  by  providing  carbon  credits  to  certain  organizations  that  lower  carbon  emission.  Our  New  Zealand 
segment regularly sells carbon credits and recognizes income as they are sold to other carbon emitting entities.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

LOG TRADING

Log  trading  revenue  is  generally  recognized  when  procured  logs  are  delivered  to  the  buyer  and  control  has 
passed.  For  domestic  log  trading,  control  is  considered  passed  to  the  buyer  as  the  logs  are  delivered  to  the 
customer’s facility. For export log trading, control is considered passed to the buyer upon delivery onto the export 
vessel. The Trading segment also includes sales from log agency contracts, whereby we act as an agent managing 
export services on behalf of third parties. Revenue for log agency fees are recognized net of related costs. 

REAL ESTATE

  We recognize revenue on sales of real estate generally at the point in time when cash has been received, the 
sale has closed and control has passed to the buyer. A deposit of 5% is generally required at the time a purchase 
and sale agreement is executed, with the balance due at closing. On sales of development real estate containing 
future  performance  obligations,  revenue  is  recognized  using  the  cost  input  method  based  on  development  costs 
incurred to date relative to the total development costs allocated to the contract with the customer. The aggregate 
amount of the transaction price allocated to unsatisfied obligations is recorded and presented in “Deferred revenue” 
in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

COST OF SALES

 Cost of sales associated with timber operations primarily include the cost basis of timber sold (depletion) and 
logging  and  transportation  costs  (cut  and  haul).  Depletion  includes  the  amortization  of  capitalized  costs  (site 
preparation, planting and fertilization, real estate taxes, timberland lease payments and certain payroll costs). Other 
costs include amortization of capitalized costs related to road and bridge construction and software, depreciation of 
fixed assets and equipment, road maintenance, severance and excise taxes and fire prevention.

Cost  of  sales  associated  with  real  estate  sold  includes  the  cost  of  the  land,  the  cost  of  any  timber  on  the 
property that was conveyed to the buyer, any real estate development costs and any closing costs including sales 
commissions that may be borne by us. We expense closing costs, including sales commissions, when incurred for 
all real estate sales with future performance obligations expected to be satisfied within one year. 

When  developed  residential  or  commercial  land  is  sold,  the  cost  of  sales  includes  actual  costs  incurred  and 
estimates of future development costs benefiting the property sold through completion. Costs are allocated to each 
sold acre or lot based upon the relative sales value of each acre or lot as compared to the estimated sales value of 
the  total  project.  For  purposes  of  allocating  development  costs,  estimates  are  reevaluated  at  least  annually  and 
more  frequently  if  warranted  by  market  conditions,  changes  in  the  project’s  scope  or  other  factors,  with  any 
adjustments being allocated prospectively to the remaining units available for sale. 

EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

The  determination  of  expense  and  funding  requirements  for  our  defined  benefit  pension  plan,  its  unfunded 
excess  pension  plan  and  its  postretirement  life  insurance  plan  are  largely  based  on  a  number  of  actuarial 
assumptions.  The  key  assumptions  include  discount  rate,  return  on  assets,  mortality  rates  and  longevity  of 
employees. See Note 18 — Employee Benefit Plans for assumptions used to determine benefit obligations, and the 
net periodic benefit cost for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Periodic  pension  and  other  postretirement  expense  is  included  in  “Cost  of  sales,”  “Selling  and  general 
expenses”  and  “Interest  and  other  miscellaneous  income,  net”  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Income  and 
Comprehensive Income. The service cost component of net periodic benefit cost is included in “Cost of sales” and 
“Selling  and  general  expenses”  while  the  other  components  of  net  periodic  benefit  cost  (interest  cost,  expected 
return  on  plan  assets  and  amortization  of  losses  or  gains)  are  presented  outside  of  income  from  operations  in 
“Interest and other miscellaneous income, net.” At December 31, 2020 and 2019, our pension plans were in a net 
liability position (underfunded) of $21.6 million and $23.8 million, respectively. The estimated amount to be paid in 
the  next  12  months  is  recorded  in  “Accrued  payroll  and  benefits”  on  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets,  with  the 
remainder recorded as a long-term liability in “Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits.” Changes in the funded 
status of our plans are recorded through other comprehensive (loss) income in the year in which the changes occur. 
We measure plan assets and benefit obligations as of the fiscal year-end. See Note 18 — Employee Benefit Plans 
for additional information. 

86

 
 
 
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RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

INCOME TAXES

We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets 
and  liabilities  are  recognized  for  the  estimated  future  tax  consequences  attributable  to  differences  between  the 
financial  statement  carrying  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  their  respective  tax  bases,  operating  loss 
carryforwards  and  tax  credit  carryforwards.  Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  measured  pursuant  to  tax  laws 
using rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the temporary differences are expected to be 
recovered or settled. We recognize the effect of a change in income tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities in 
the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income in the period that includes the enactment date 
of the rate change. We record a valuation allowance to reduce the carrying amounts of deferred tax assets if it is 
more-likely-than-not that such deferred tax assets will not be realized.

In determining the provision for income taxes, we compute an annual effective income tax rate based on annual 
income by legal entity, permanent differences between book and tax, and statutory income tax rates by jurisdiction. 
Inherent in the effective tax rate is an assessment of the ultimate outcome of current period uncertain tax positions. 
We adjust our annual effective tax rate as additional information on outcomes or events becomes available. Discrete 
items such as taxing authority examination findings or legislative changes are recognized in the period in which they 
occur.

  Our income tax returns are subject to audit by U.S. federal, state and foreign taxing authorities. In evaluating the 
tax benefits associated with various tax filing positions, we record a tax benefit for an uncertain tax position if it is 
more-likely-than-not to be realized upon ultimate settlement of the issue. We record a liability for an uncertain tax 
position that does not meet this criterion. We adjust our liabilities for uncertain tax benefits in the period in which it is 
determined  the  issue  is  settled  with  the  taxing  authorities,  the  statute  of  limitations  expires  for  the  relevant  taxing 
authority to examine the tax position or when new facts or information become available. See Note 11 — Income 
Taxes for additional information. 

RECENTLY ADOPTED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

We  adopted Accounting  Standards  Update  (“ASU”)  No.  2016-13,  Financial  Instruments-Credit  Losses  (Topic 

326) on January 1, 2020, with no material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

On March 2, 2020, the SEC adopted amendments to the financial disclosure requirements for guarantors and
issuers  of  guaranteed  securities,  as  well  for  affiliates  whose  securities  collateralize  a  registrant’s  securities.  The 
amendments revise Rules 3-10 and 3-16 of Regulation S-X, and relocate part of Rule 3-10 and all of Rule 3-16 to 
the  new Article  13  in  Regulation  S-X,  which  is  comprised  of  new  Rules  13-01  and  13-02.  We  early  adopted  the 
requirements  of  the  amendments  on  April  1,  2020,  which  included  replacing  guarantor  condensed  consolidating 
financial  information  with  summarized  financial  information  for  the  consolidated  obligor  group  (Parent,  Issuer,  and 
Guarantor Subsidiaries) as well as no longer requiring guarantor cash flow information, financial information for non-
guarantor subsidiaries, and a reconciliation to the consolidated results.

We adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined 
Benefits  Plans  -  General  (Subtopic  715-20)  on  October  1,  2020,  with  no  material  impact  on  the  consolidated 
financial statements.

We  adopted Accounting  Standards  Update  (“ASU”)  No  2019-12,  Income  Taxes  (Topic  740)  -  Simplifying  the 

Accounting for Income Taxes on October 1, 2020, with no material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate 
Reform (Topic 848), which provides optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting due to reference 
rate  reform. The  guidance  in  this  update  provides  optional  expedients  and  exceptions  for  applying  U.S.  GAAP  to 
contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. 
The amendments apply only to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR or another reference rate 
expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. These amendments are effective immediately and may 
be  applied  prospectively  to  contract  modifications  made  and  hedging  relationships  entered  into  on  or  before 
December  31,  2022.  We  are  currently  evaluating  our  contracts  and  the  optional  expedients  provided  by  the  new 
standard. 

87

 
 
RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

We  have  evaluated  events  occurring  from  December  31,  2020  to  the  date  of  issuance  of  these  Consolidated 
Financial Statements for potential recognition or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements. No events were 
identified that warranted recognition or disclosure. 

2.

MERGER WITH POPE RESOURCES

On  May  8,  2020,  Rayonier  Inc.  and  Rayonier,  L.P.  acquired  Pope  Resources  in  connection  with  the  Mergers. 
Pope Resources was a master limited partnership that primarily owned and managed timberlands in the U.S. Pacific 
Northwest. Pope Resources also managed and co-invested in three private equity timber funds and developed and 
sold real estate properties. The merger added approximately 124,000 acres of high-quality, predominantly Douglas-
fir  timberlands  to  our  Pacific  Northwest  timberland  portfolio  as  well  as  a  private  equity  timber  fund  business  with 
three funds comprising approximately 141,000 acres. Additionally, we believe the Mergers augmented our higher-
and-better-use real estate pipeline with rural and conservation land sale opportunities and high-potential improved 
development projects in the West Puget Sound area. 

Under  the  merger  agreement,  each  outstanding  unit  representing  limited  partnership  interests  of  Pope 

Resources was, at the option of its holder, exchanged for either:

•
•
•

3.929 shares of Rayonier Inc. common stock
3.929 units representing limited partnership interests of Rayonier, L.P.
$125.00 in cash

Holders of Pope Resources units who did not make a valid election received shares of Rayonier common stock. 
The elections were subject to proration to ensure that the aggregate amount of Rayonier shares and Rayonier, L.P. 
units, on the one hand, and cash, on the other hand, issued in the merger equaled the amounts issued as if every 
Pope  Resources  unit  converted  into  merger  consideration  received  2.751  shares  of  Rayonier  common  stock  or 
Rayonier, L.P. units and $37.50 in cash.

Upon  consummation  of  the  merger,  all  outstanding  Pope  Resources  restricted  units  were  converted  into 
equivalent equity awards with respect to Rayonier common shares. Pope Resources directors and some executive 
employees  of  Pope  Resources  held  restricted  Pope  Resources  units  that  were  subject  to  accelerated  vesting  in 
connection  with  the  merger.  Since  a  portion  of  these  Pope  Resources  units  relate  to  services  rendered  to  Pope 
Resources prior to the merger, a portion of the replacement Rayonier restricted stock awards’ fair value is included 
in the consideration transferred. See additional details about the replacement restricted stock awards in Note 19 — 
Incentive Stock Plans.

88

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

The  following  table  summarizes  the  total  consideration  transferred  by  Rayonier  in  the  merger  (dollars  in 

thousands, except per share and per unit data):

Cash consideration:

Pope Resources units outstanding as of May 8, 2020

Less: Pope Resources units held by us

Units outstanding, net

Cash consideration (per Pope Resources unit)

Cash consideration for elections

General partner interest

Repayment of Pope Resources debt 

Prepayment penalty and accrued interest on Pope Resources’ debt 

Closing costs paid on behalf of Pope Resources

Cash consideration transferred

Equity consideration:

Rayonier common shares issued

Rayonier share price (a)

Equity consideration for elections

Pope Resources replacement awards (b)(c)

Equity consideration transferred

Redeemable Operating Partnership Unit consideration:
Redeemable Operating Partnership Units issued

Rayonier share price (a)

Redeemable Operating Partnership Unit consideration transferred

Fair value of Pope Resources units held by us (d)

Total consideration

4,366,636 

(114,400) 

4,252,236 

$37.50 

7,181,071 

$24.01 

4,446,153 

$24.01 

$159,463 

10,000 

65,943 

2,275 

9,637 

$247,318 

$172,418 

222 

$172,640 

$106,752 

$11,211 

$537,921 

(a) The closing price of Rayonier common stock on the NYSE on May 7, 2020.

(b) See Note 19 — Incentive Stock Plans for additional details.

(c) Represents  the  fair  value  of  Rayonier  replacement  restricted  stock  awards  for  restricted  Pope  Resources  units  held  by  employees  that

relate to pre-merger services rendered to Pope Resources.

(d) Based on the closing price of Pope Resources units on the NASDAQ on May 7, 2020.

The following table contains the amounts of cash transferred in the merger and net cash consideration shown in

the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the year ended December 31, 2020:

Cash consideration transferred................................................................................................

Less: Cash assumed in merger................................................................................................
Net cash consideration shown in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.......................

December 31, 2020

$247,318 

(16,250) 

$231,068 

We recognized approximately $17.2 million of merger-related costs that were expensed during the year ended 
December 31, 2020. See Note 21 — Charges for Integration and Restructuring for descriptions of the components 
of merger-related costs.

89

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

The  acquisition  of  Pope  Resources  has  been  accounted  for  as  a  business  combination  under  ASC  805, 
Business  Combinations,  (“ASC  805”).  Under  ASC  805,  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  in  a  business 
combination  must  be  recorded  at  their  fair  value  as  of  the  acquisition  date.  Recorded  fair  valuation  of  assets 
acquired and liabilities assumed related to the acquisition of Pope Resources is preliminary and will be completed 
as soon as practicable, but no later than one year after the consummation of the transaction. Pursuant to ASC 805, 
the  financial  statements  will  not  be  retrospectively  adjusted  for  any  changes  to  the  recorded  values  that  occur  in 
subsequent  periods.  Rather,  we  will  recognize  any  changes  to  the  recorded  values  during  the  reporting  period  in 
which the adjustments are determined. We will also be required to record, in the same period's financial statements, 
the effect on earnings of changes in depletion, depreciation, amortization, or other income effects, if any, as a result 
of changes to recorded values, calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. 

Our  consolidated  financial  statements  as  of  and  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  include  results  of 

operations for Pope Resources from May 8, 2020 through December 31, 2020.

As  a  result  of  refinements  to  timberlands  and  property,  plant  and  equipment  preliminary  recorded  values,  we 

recognized the following changes in depletion and depreciation in the fourth quarter of 2020:

Three months ended December 31, 2020

Pacific Northwest 
Timber

Real Estate

Timber Funds

Corporate

Total

Depletion

Depreciation

Total

$2,412

—

$2,412

—

506

$506

($1,000)

—

($1,000)

—

41

$41

$1,412

547

$1,959

The  preliminary  estimate  of  fair  value  required  the  use  of  significant  assumptions  and  estimates.  Critical 
estimates included, but were not limited to, future expected cash flows, including projected revenues and expenses, 
and the applicable discount rates. These estimates were based on assumptions that we believe to be reasonable; 
however, actual results may differ from these estimates. The assessment of fair value is preliminary and is based on 
information  that  was  available  to  management  at  the  time  the  consolidated  financial  statements  were  prepared. 
Those  estimates  and  assumptions  are  subject  to  change  as  we  obtain  additional  information  related  to  those 
estimates  during  the  applicable  measurement  periods  (up  to  one  year  from  the  acquisition  date).  The  most 
significant  open  items  necessary  to  complete  are  related  to  timberlands,  real  property,  higher  and  better  use 
timberlands and real estate development investments, environmental liabilities and tax related matters.

The  preliminary  fair  value  estimates  were  generally  based  on  significant  inputs  that  are  not  observable  in  the 
market  and  thus  represent  Level  3  measurements  as  defined  in ASC  820,  Fair  Value  Measurement,  (“ASC  820”) 
with  the  exception  of  certain  long-term  debt  instruments  assumed  in  the  merger  that  can  be  valued  using 
observable market inputs and are therefore Level 2 measurements. See Note 17 — Fair Value Measurements for 
further information on the fair value hierarchy.

90

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

The  following  summarizes  the  fair  value  methodology  utilized  in  our  preliminary  fair  value  estimates  for 

significant assets and liabilities:

Income Approach — Estimates fair value for an asset based on the present value of cash flow projected to 
be generated by the asset. Projected cash flows are discounted at rates of return that reflect the relative risk 
of achieving the cash flows and the time value of money. This approach was primarily used to value acquired 
timberlands in our Pacific Northwest segment.

Cost  Approach  —  Estimates  value  by  determining  the  current  cost  of  replacing  an  asset  with  another  of 
equivalent economic utility. This approach was primarily used for property and equipment and timberlands in 
our Timber Funds segment.

Market  Approach  —  Estimates  fair  value  for  an  asset  based  on  values  of  recent  comparable  transactions. 
This approach was primarily used to value higher and better use timberlands and real estate developments 
investments, certain land and building assets and long-term debt instruments.

The  preliminary  allocation  of  purchase  price  to  the  identifiable  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  was 

based on preliminary estimates of fair value as of May 8, 2020, and is as follows (in thousands):

Timberland and Real Estate Business

Cash

Accounts receivable

Other current assets

Timber and Timberlands

Higher and Better Use Timberlands and Real Estate 
Development Investments

Property, plant and equipment

Other assets

Total identifiable assets acquired

Accounts payable

Current maturities of long-term debt

Accrued interest

Other current liabilities

Long-term debt
Long-term environmental and natural resource damage 
liabilities

Other non-current liabilities (a)

Total liabilities assumed

Net identifiable assets

Less: noncontrolling interest

Total net assets acquired

Core 
Timberlands

Timber Funds

Total

$7,380 

2,459 

703 

514,103 

26,510 

11,616 

4,403 

$8,870 

1,788 

260 

432,500 

— 

— 

— 

$16,250 

4,247 

963 

946,603 

26,510 

11,616 

4,403 

$567,174 

$443,418 

$1,010,592 

274 

— 

244 

9,038 

53,502 

10,748 

2,009 

$75,815 

293 

25,084 

275 

2,080 

35,759 

— 

— 

567 

25,084 

519 

11,118 

89,261 

10,748 

2,009 

$63,491 

$139,306 

$491,359 

(3,379) 

$487,980 

$379,927 

(329,986) 

$49,941 

$871,286 

(333,365) 

$537,921 

(a) Other non-current liabilities includes a $2.0 million deferred income tax liability resulting from the preliminary fair value adjustment to Pope

Resources’ assets and liabilities.

91

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

These estimated fair values are preliminary in nature and subject to adjustments, which could be material. We 
have  not  identified  any  material  unrecorded  pre-merger  contingencies  where  the  related  asset,  liability  or 
impairment is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Our valuations will be finalized when certain 
information  arranged  to  be  obtained  has  been  received  and  our  review  of  that  information  has  been  completed. 
Prior  to  the  finalization  of  the  purchase  price  allocation,  if  information  becomes  available  that  would  indicate  it  is 
probable that such events had occurred and the amounts can be reasonably estimated, such items will be included 
in the final purchase price allocation.

In September 2020, fires in Oregon burned approximately 6,700 acres of land owned by ORM Timber Fund II, 
which we manage and in which we hold a 20% ownership interest, and approximately 400 acres of land owned by 
ORM Timber Fund IV, which we manage and in which we hold a 15% ownership interest. As a result, we wrote off 
$8.8  million  and  $0.4  million  of  non-salvageable  timber  basis  in  Timber  Fund  II  and  Timber  Fund  IV,  of  which 
$1.8 million and $0.1 million was attributable to Rayonier, respectively. The amounts of these write-offs are based 
on preliminary fair value estimates of the underlying basis in the respective Funds’ timberlands and are subject to 
adjustments,  which  could  be  material. As  a  result  of  refinements  to  the  preliminary  purchase  allocation,  value  of 
timber write-offs from the Oregon fires increased by an inconsequential amount. Once the purchase price allocation 
is finalized, the amounts of the write-offs may change.

The  amount  of  revenue  of  Pope  Resources  included  in  our  Consolidated  Statements  of  Income  and 
Comprehensive Income from the date of the merger to December 31, 2020 is approximately $50.8 million. The net 
income  effect  resulting  from  the  merger  with  Pope  Resources  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  is 
impracticable to determine, as we immediately integrated Pope Resources into our ongoing operations. 

Pursuant to ASC 805, unaudited supplemental pro forma results of operations for the years ended December 
31,  2020  and  2019,  assuming  the  acquisition  had  occurred  as  of  January  1,  2019,  are  presented  below  (in 
thousands, except per share and unit amounts):

Sales..................................................................................................................................

$890,400 

$821,500 

2020

2019

Net income (loss) attributable to Rayonier Inc...................................................................

$36,819 

$26,927 

Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to Rayonier Inc.............................................

Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to Rayonier Inc...........................................

$0.27 

$0.27 

$0.20 

$0.20 

Net income (loss) attributable to Rayonier, L.P..................................................................

$38,032 

$27,804 

Basic earnings (loss) per unit attributable to Rayonier, L.P................................................

Diluted earnings (loss) per unit attributable to Rayonier, L.P.............................................

$0.27 

$0.27 

$0.20 

$0.20 

The  unaudited  pro  forma  results  include  certain  pro  forma  adjustments  to  net  earnings  that  were  directly 

attributable to the acquisition, assuming the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2019, including the following:

•

•

•

additional depletion expense that would have been recognized relating to the basis increase in the acquired
Timber and Timberlands;

adjustment to interest expense to reflect the removal of Pope Resources debt and the additional borrowings
we incurred in conjunction with the acquisition; and

a  reduction  in  expenses  for  year  ended  December  31,  2020  of  $32.4  million  for  acquisition-related
transaction costs.

Pro forma data may not be indicative of the results that would have been obtained had these events occurred at 

the beginning of the periods presented, nor is it intended to be a projection of future results.

92

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

3.

REVENUE

RECLASSIFICATIONS

Effective April 1, 2020, we changed the composition of our Rural and Timberland & Non-Strategic Real Estate 
sales categories to better align with the way management internally evaluates real estate sales. The Rural category 
now  includes  all  real  estate  sales  (excluding  development  sales)  representing  a  demonstrable  premium  above 
timberland value. The Timberland & Non-Strategic category now includes all real estate sales representing little to 
no  premium  to  timberland  value. This  category  consists  primarily  of  sales  of  property  that  management  views  as 
non-strategic to our long-term portfolio as well as sales of property for capital allocation purposes that do not fit the 
definition of a Large Disposition. All prior period amounts have been reclassified to reflect the new composition of 
these  two  sales  categories.  The  Improved  Development,  Unimproved  Development  and  Large  Disposition 
categories remain unchanged, and this reclassification had no impact on overall segment results. 

NEW REAL ESTATE SALES CATEGORY

Effective September 2020, we added a new Real Estate sales category, “Conservation Easement,” in which we 

sell the development rights on a property but withhold the rights to grow and harvest timber. 

Contract Balances

The  timing  of  revenue  recognition,  invoicing  and  cash  collections  results  in  accounts  receivable  and  deferred 
revenue (contract liabilities) on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Accounts receivable are recorded when we have 
an  unconditional  right  to  consideration  for  completed  performance  under  the  contract.  Contract  liabilities  relate  to 
payments received in advance of performance under the contract. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue as 
(or when) we perform under the contract.

The following table summarizes revenue recognized during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 that 

was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of each year:

Revenue recognized from contract liability balance at the beginning of the year (a)............

$10,857 

$10,039 

Year Ended December 31,

2020

2019

(a) Revenue recognized was primarily from hunting licenses and the use of advances on pay-as-cut timber sales.

93

 
RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

The following tables present our revenue from contracts with customers disaggregated by product type for the years ended 

December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018:

Year Ended

December 31, 2020

Pulpwood...............................................................
Sawtimber..............................................................
Hardwood..............................................................
Total Timber Sales.....................................

License Revenue, Primarily From Hunting............

Other Non-Timber/Carbon Revenue......................
Agency Fee Income...............................................

Total Non-Timber Sales.............................
Improved Development.........................................
Unimproved Development.....................................
Rural......................................................................
Timberland & Non-Strategic..................................
Conservation Easement........................................
Deferred Revenue/Other (b)..................................
Large Dispositions.................................................

Total Real Estate Sales..............................
Revenue from Contracts with Customers..............
Lease Revenue.....................................................
Intersegment..........................................................

Southern 
Timber

Pacific 
Northwest 
Timber

New 
Zealand 
Timber

Timber 
Funds

Real 
Estate

Trading

Elim.

Total

$94,108 
73,683 
2,430 

170,221 

17,765 
3,845 

— 

21,610 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
191,831 
— 
— 

$10,581 
106,051 
— 

116,632 

$27,558 
166,935 
— 

194,493 

$784 
25,195 
— 

25,979 

843 
3,334 

— 

4,177 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

307 
7,515 

— 

7,822 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

17 
124 

— 

141 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
120,809 
— 
— 

— 
202,315 
— 
— 

— 
26,120 
— 
3,437 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 
14,498 
8,426 
67,152 
19,255 
3,099 
283 
116,027 

228,740 
228,740 
605 
— 

$10,260 
77,314 
— 

87,574 

— 
— 

1,160 

1,160 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
88,734 
— 
239 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 
(3,676) 

$143,291 
449,178 
2,430 

594,899 

18,932 
14,818 

1,160 

34,910 
14,498 
8,426 
67,152 
19,255 
3,099 
283 
116,027 

228,740 
858,549 
605 
— 

Total Revenue.............................................

$191,831 

$120,809 

$202,315 

$29,557 

$229,345 

$88,973 

($3,676) 

$859,154 

December 31, 2019
Pulpwood...............................................................

Sawtimber..............................................................
Hardwood..............................................................
Total Timber Sales.....................................

License Revenue, Primarily from Hunting.............

Other Non-Timber/Carbon Revenue......................
Agency Fee Income...............................................

Total Non-Timber Sales.............................
Improved Development.........................................
Unimproved Development.....................................
Rural (a).................................................................
Timberland & Non-Strategic (a).............................
Deferred Revenue/Other (b)..................................

Total Real Estate Sales..............................
Revenue from Contracts with Customers..............
Intersegment..........................................................

$86,537 
67,360 
5,259 

159,156 

18,270 
16,685 

— 

34,955 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
194,111 
— 

$10,350 
72,377 
— 

82,727 

717 
1,970 

— 

2,687 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
85,414 
— 

$32,925 
198,481 
— 

231,406 

361 
10,094 

— 

10,455 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
241,861 
— 

Total Revenue.............................................

$194,111 

$85,414 

$241,861 

December 31, 2018
Pulpwood...............................................................

Sawtimber..............................................................
Hardwood..............................................................
Total Timber Sales.....................................

License Revenue, Primarily from Hunting.............

Other Non-Timber/Carbon Revenue......................
Agency Fee Income...............................................

Total Non-Timber Sales.............................
Improved Development.........................................
Unimproved Development.....................................
Rural (a).................................................................
Timberland & Non-Strategic (a).............................
Deferred Revenue/Other (b)..................................

Total Real Estate Sales..............................
Revenue from Contracts with Customers..............
Intersegment..........................................................

$80,134 
60,295 
3,433 

143,863 

16,285 
9,847 

— 

26,132 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
169,995 
— 

$14,305 
92,166 
— 

106,471 

$28,737 
213,206 
— 

241,943 

709 
2,652 

— 

3,361 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

401 
6,670 

— 

7,071 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
109,832 
— 

— 
249,014 
— 

Total Revenue.............................................

$169,995 

$109,832 

$249,014 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 
5,882 
19,476 
47,647 
1,338 
544 

74,887 
74,887 
— 

$13,351 
101,255 
— 

114,606 

— 
— 

677 

677 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
115,283 
155 

— 
— 
(155)

$143,163 
439,473 
5,259 

587,895 

19,348 
28,749 

677 

48,774 
5,882 
19,476 
47,647 
1,338 
544 

74,887 
711,556 
—

$74,887 

$115,438 

($155) 

$711,556 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 
8,336 
8,621 
46,280 
75,281 
57 

138,575 
138,575 
— 

$13,771 
134,299 
— 

148,070 

— 
— 

652 

652 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
148,722 
92 

— 
— 
— 

— 

— 
— 

— 

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 

— 
— 
(92)

$136,947 
499,966 
3,433 

640,347 

17,395 
19,169 

652 

37,216 
8,336 
8,621 
46,280 
75,281 
57 

138,575 
816,138 
—

$138,575 

$148,814 

($92) 

$816,138 

(a)

(b)

The years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 reflect the reclassification of certain real estate sales between the Rural and Timberland & Non-Strategic
sales categories to better align with the way management internally evaluates real estate sales.
Includes deferred revenue adjustments and marketing fees related to Improved Development sales.

94

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

The following tables present our timber sales disaggregated by contract type for the years ended December 31, 

2020, 2019 and 2018:

Year Ended

December 31, 2020
Stumpage Pay-as-Cut ...........

Stumpage Lump Sum............

Total Stumpage..............

Delivered Wood (Domestic)...

Delivered Wood (Export)........

Total Delivered...............

Southern 
Timber

Pacific 
Northwest 
Timber

New Zealand 
Timber

Timber Funds

Trading

Total

$68,684 

2,027 

70,711 

85,996 

13,514 

99,510 

— 

8,142 

8,142 

108,490 

— 

108,490 

— 

— 

— 

62,568 

131,925 

194,493 

$1,731 

— 

1,731 

24,248 

— 

24,248 

— 

— 

— 

1,768 

85,806 

87,574 

$70,415 

10,169 

80,584 

283,070 

231,245 

514,315 

Total Timber Sales..................

$170,221 

$116,632 

$194,493 

$25,979 

$87,574 

$594,899 

December 31, 2019
Stumpage Pay-as-Cut ...........

Stumpage Lump Sum............

Total Stumpage..............

Delivered Wood (Domestic)...

Delivered Wood (Export)........

Total Delivered...............

$71,943 

7,428 

79,371 

71,054 

8,731 

79,785 

— 

2,749 

2,749 

79,978 

— 

79,978 

— 

— 

— 

80,974 

150,432 

231,406 

Total Timber Sales..................

$159,156 

$82,727 

$231,406 

December 31, 2018
Stumpage Pay-as-Cut ...........

Stumpage Lump Sum............

Total Stumpage..............

Delivered Wood (Domestic)...

Delivered Wood (Export)........

Total Delivered...............

$72,385 

4,988 

77,373 

60,931 

5,559 

66,490 

— 

11,854 

11,854 

94,617 

— 

94,617 

— 

— 

— 

90,631 

151,312 

241,943 

Total Timber Sales..................

$143,863 

$106,471 

$241,943 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

5,488 

109,118 

114,606 

$71,943 

10,177 

82,120 

237,494 

268,281 

505,775 

$114,606 

$587,895 

— 

— 

— 

6,141 

141,929 

148,070 

$72,385 

16,842 

89,227 

252,320 

298,800 

551,120 

$148,070 

$640,347 

4.

TIMBERLAND ACQUISITIONS

In  2020,  we  acquired  approximately  13,000  acres  of  U.S.  timberland  located  in  Alabama,  Georgia,  and
Louisiana through three transactions for an aggregate value of $24.2 million. Approximately $24.1 million of these 
acquisitions  were  acquired  using  like-kind  exchange  proceeds  while  the  remaining  $0.1  million  were  funded  from 
operating  cash  flow.  Additionally,  during  2020,  we  acquired  approximately  2,000  acres  of  timberland  (including 
approximately 2,000 acres of leased land) in New Zealand for approximately $0.5 million. These acquisitions were 
funded from operating cash flow. 

In  2019,  we  acquired  approximately  62,000  acres  of  U.S.  timberland  located  in  Florida,  Georgia,  Texas,  and 
Washington  through  sixteen  transactions  for  an  aggregate  value  of  $106.3  million. Approximately  $29.8  million  of 
these acquisitions were acquired using like-kind exchange proceeds while the remaining $76.5 million were funded 
from  operating  cash  flow  and  the  use  of  our  revolving  credit  facility.  Additionally,  during  2019,  we  acquired 
approximately 9,000 acres of timberland (including approximately 2,000 acres of leased land) in New Zealand for 
approximately $36.0 million. These acquisitions were funded from operating cash flow. 

See  Note  8  -  Debt  for  additional  information  on  our  revolving  credit  facility  and  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary’s 

working capital facility.

95

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

The following table summarizes the timberland acquisitions for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Alabama................................................................................................
Florida...................................................................................................
Georgia.................................................................................................
Louisiana...............................................................................................
Texas ....................................................................................................
Washington...........................................................................................
New Zealand.........................................................................................
Total Acquisitions...............................................................................

2020

Cost

$100 
— 
18 
24,123 
— 
— 
454 
$24,695 

Acres (a)
56 
— 
20 
12,558 
— 
— 
2,378 
15,012 

2019

Cost

— 
71,183 
13,395 
— 
14,349 
7,340 
36,020 
$142,287 

Acres

— 
42,522 
10,271 
— 
6,643 
2,260 
9,223 
70,919 

(a)

Excludes acres and costs related to Pope Resources, for more information on assets and liabilities acquired see Note 2 - Merger with
Pope Resources.

5.

LEASES

TIMBERLAND LEASES

U.S.  timberland  leases  typically  have  initial  terms  of  approximately  30  to  65  years,  with  renewal  provisions  in 
some  cases.  New  Zealand  timberland  lease  terms  typically  range  between  30  and  99  years.  New  Zealand  lease 
arrangements  generally  consist  of  Crown  Forest  Licenses  (“CFLs”),  forestry  rights  and  land  leases.  A  CFL  is  a 
license  arrangement  to  use  government  or  privately  owned  lands  to  operate  a  commercial  forest.  CFLs  generally 
extend indefinitely and may only be terminated upon a 35-year termination notice. If no termination notice is given, 
the CFLs renew automatically each year for a one-year term. Alternatively, some CFLs extend for a specific term. 
Once a CFL is terminated, we may be able to obtain a forestry right from the subsequent owner. A forestry right is a 
license arrangement with a private entity to use their lands to operate a commercial forest. Forestry rights terminate 
either  upon  the  issuance  of  a  termination  notice  (which  can  last  35  to  45  years),  completion  of  harvest,  or  a 
specified termination date.

As of December 31, 2020, the New Zealand subsidiary has two CFLs comprising 9,000 gross acres or 8,000 
net plantable acres under termination notice that are being relinquished as harvest activities are concluded, as well 
as two fixed-term CFLs comprising 3,000 gross acres or 2,000 net plantable acres expiring in 2062. Additionally, the 
New Zealand subsidiary has two forestry rights comprising 32,000 gross acres or 8,000 net plantable acres under 
termination notice that are being relinquished as harvest activities are concluded.

OTHER NON-TIMBERLAND LEASES

In addition to timberland holdings, we lease properties for certain office locations. Significant leased properties 
include  a  regional  office  in  Lufkin,  Texas;  a  Pacific  Northwest  Timber  office  in  Hoquiam,  Washington  and  a  New 
Zealand Timber and Trading headquarters in Auckland, New Zealand.

LEASE MATURITIES, LEASE COST AND OTHER LEASE INFORMATION

The following table details our undiscounted lease obligations as of December 31, 2020 by type of lease and 

year of expiration:

Lease obligations

Total

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

Thereafter

Operating lease liabilities

  $196,279 

$9,813 

$8,842 

  $8,745 

  $8,681 

  $7,872 

  $152,326 

Total Undiscounted Cash Flows

  $196,279 

$9,813 

$8,842 

  $8,745 

  $8,681 

  $7,872 

  $152,326 

Year of Expiration

Imputed interest

Balance at December 31, 2020

Less: Current portion

(87,257) 

  $109,022 

(8,771) 

Non-current portion at December 31, 2020

  $100,251 

96

 
 
RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

The following table details components of our lease cost for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Lease Cost Components

Operating lease cost

Variable lease cost (a)

Total lease cost (b)

Year Ended December 31,

2020

2019

$9,647 

230 

$9,877 

$10,870 

235 

$11,105 

(a) The majority of timberland leases are subject to increases or decreases based on either the Consumer Price Index, Producer Price Index or

market rates.

(b) Short-term  leases  with  an  initial  term  of  12  months  or  less  are  not  recorded  on  the  balance  sheet.  Lease  expense  for  these  leases  are
expensed on a straight line basis over the lease term. Short-term lease expense was not material for the year ended December 31, 2020.

The following table details components of our lease cost for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases:

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:

 Operating cash flows from operating leases

 Investing cash flows from operating leases

Total cash flows from operating leases

Weighted-average remaining lease term in years - operating leases

Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases

Lessor Lease Information

Year Ended December 31,

2020

2019

$2,127 

7,520 

$9,647 

29

 5% 

$2,567 

8,303 

$10,870 

28

 5% 

In the Mergers, we acquired income generating commercial and residential leases primarily concentrated in Port 

Gamble, Washington. Commercial and residential leases have non-lease components of taxes, insurance, and 
common area maintenance that we have elected not to separate under the ASC 842 practical expedient. Each of 
these are classified as operating leases. Buildings subject to operating leases had a preliminary cost of $3.5 million 
and accumulated depreciation of $0.2 million at December 31, 2020.

The following table details our lease income for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Lease Income Components

Operating lease income

Total lease income

Year Ended
December 31,

2020

2019

$605 

$605 

— 

— 

Future lease income as of December 31, 2020, based on payments due by period under the lease contracts, 

are presented in the following table:

Year of Expiration

Lease assets

Operating lease Income

Total

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

Thereafter

$574 

$247 

$150 

$120 

$57 

— 

— 

97

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

We apply the following practical expedients as allowed under ASC 842:

Practical Expedient

Short-term leases

Separation of lease and non-lease 
components

Description
We do not record right-of-use assets or liabilities for short-term leases (a lease that 
at commencement date has a lease term of 12 months or less and does not contain 
a purchase option that is reasonably certain to be exercised).

We do not separate non-lease components from the associated lease components if 
they have the same timing and pattern of transfer and, if accounted for separately, 
would both be classified as an operating lease.

6.

NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS

NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS IN CONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES

Matariki Forestry Group

We  maintain  a  77%  controlling  financial  interest  in  Matariki  Forestry  Group  (the  “New  Zealand  subsidiary”),  a 
joint  venture  that  owns  or  leases  approximately  417,000  legal  acres  of  New  Zealand  timberland. Accordingly,  we 
consolidate the New Zealand subsidiary’s balance sheet and results of operations. The portions of the consolidated 
financial position and results of operations attributable to the New Zealand subsidiary’s 23% noncontrolling interest 
are  reflected  as  an  adjustment  to  income  in  our  Consolidated  Statements  of  Income  and  Comprehensive  Income 
under the caption “Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates.” Rayonier New 
Zealand Limited (“RNZ”), a wholly-owned subsidiary, serves as the manager of the New Zealand subsidiary.

In September 2020, the New Zealand subsidiary made a capital distribution to its partners on a pro rata basis in 
order  to  redeem  certain  equity  interests.  A  portion  of  this  capital  distribution  was  reinvested  by  the  partners  in 
shareholder  loans  to  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary.  Our  capital  distribution  and  portion  of  the  shareholder  loan  are 
eliminated  in  consolidation.  The  capital  distribution  to  the  minority  shareholder  and  its  reinvestment  in  the 
shareholder loan resulted in the recording of a noncontrolling interest share redemption of $5.1 million and a loan 
payable by the New Zealand subsidiary in the amount of $23.3 million due in 2025 at a fixed interest rate of 2.95%. 
As of December 31, 2020, the outstanding balance on the shareholder loan is $24.9 million. Except for changes in 
the New Zealand foreign exchange rate, there have been no adjustments to the carrying value of the shareholder 
loan since its inception. See Note 8 - Debt for further information.

The following table sets forth the income attributable to the New Zealand subsidiary’s noncontrolling interests:

2020

2019

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest in the New Zealand subsidiary........................

$4,920 

$8,573 

ORM Timber Fund II, Inc. (Fund II), ORM Timber Fund III LLC (Fund III), and ORM Timber Fund IV LLC. (Fund IV) 
(Collectively, the “Funds”)

Upon  completion  of  the  Mergers,  we  became  manager  of  three  private  equity  timber  funds,  Fund  II,  Fund  III, 
and Fund IV, and obtained ownership interests in the Funds of 20%, 5%, and 15%, respectively. We determined, 
based upon an analysis under the variable interest entity guidance, that we have the power to direct the activities 
that most significantly impact the Funds’ economic success. Therefore, we are considered the primary beneficiary 
and are required under ASC 810 — Consolidation to consolidate the Funds. Loss attributed to third-party investors 
is  reflected  as  an  adjustment  to  income  in  our  Consolidated  Statements  of  Income  and  Comprehensive  Income 
under the caption “Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates.” 

The following table sets forth the (loss) attributable to the Funds’ noncontrolling interests:

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest in the Funds:........................................................

($12,221) 

— 

Prior to the Mergers, the Funds were formed by ORM LLC for the purpose of generating a return on investment 
through  the  acquisition,  management,  value  enhancement  and  sale  of  timberland  properties.  Each  Fund  is 
organized to operate for a specified term from the end of its respective investment period: 10 years for each of Fund 

2020

2019

98

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

II and Fund III, and 15 years for Fund IV. Fund II is scheduled to terminate in March 2023, Fund III is scheduled to 
terminate in December 2025 and Fund IV is scheduled to terminate in January 2035. The obligations of each of the 
Funds do not have any recourse to the Company or the Operating Partnership.

Ferncliff Investors

We  also  acquired  in  the  Mergers  an  ownership  interest  in  a  real  estate  joint  venture  entity.  In  2017,  Ferncliff 
Management and Ferncliff Investors were formed for the purpose of raising capital from third parties to invest in an 
unconsolidated  real  estate  joint  venture  entity  (“joint  venture  investment”),  Bainbridge  Landing  LLC,  to  develop  a 
five-acre  parcel  on  Bainbridge  Island,  Washington  into  a  multi-family  community  containing  apartments  and 
townhomes. Ferncliff Management, a wholly-owned subsidiary, serves as manager of Ferncliff Investors and holds a 
33.33% equity interest with the remaining ownership interest being held by third-party investors. Ferncliff Investors 
holds a 50% interest in Bainbridge Landing LLC, the joint venture entity that owns and is developing the property.

We determined, based upon an analysis under the variable interest entity guidance, that we have the power to 
direct  the  activities  that  most  significantly  impact  Ferncliff  Investors  economic  success.  Therefore,  we  are 
considered  the  primary  beneficiary  and  are  required  under  ASC  810  —  Consolidation  to  consolidate  Ferncliff 
Investors.  The  obligations  of  Ferncliff  Investors  do  not  have  any  recourse  to  the  Company  or  the  Operating 
Partnership.

Bainbridge Landing LLC is considered a voting interests entity. Ferncliff Investors accounts for its interest in the 
joint  venture  entity  under  the  equity  method  because  neither  it  nor  the  other  member  can  exercise  control  over 
Bainbridge Landing LLC. Under the equity method, Ferncliff Investors records its share of the net income or loss of 
Bainbridge Landing LLC. To date, this activity has been a loss primarily due to depreciation and is included in Other 
operating expense, net in the Real Estate segment. The portion of Ferncliff Investors’ loss attributed to third-party 
investors  is  shown  within  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Income  and  Comprehensive  Income  under  the  caption 
“Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated affiliates.” 

The following table sets forth the (loss) attributable to Ferncliff Investors’ noncontrolling interests:

2020

2019

Net (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest in the Ferncliff Investors:...................................

($526) 

— 

NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS IN THE OPERATING PARTNERSHIP

Noncontrolling  interests  in  the  Operating  Partnership  relate  to  the  third-party  ownership  of  Redeemable 
Operating Partnership Units. Net income attributable to the noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership is 
computed  by  applying  the  weighted  average  Redeemable  Operating  Partnership  Units  outstanding  during  the 
period as a percentage of the weighted average total units outstanding to the Operating Partnership’s net income 
for the period. If a noncontrolling unitholder redeems a unit for a registered common share of Rayonier or cash, the 
noncontrolling  interests  in  the  Operating  Partnership  will  be  reduced  and  the  Company’s  share  in  the  Operating 
Partnership will be increased by the fair value of each security at the time of redemption.

The following table sets forth the Company’s noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership:

Beginning noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership

Issuances of Redeemable Operating Partnership Units

Adjustment of noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership

Conversions of Redeemable Operating Partnership Units to Common Shares

Net (Loss) Income attributable to noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership

Other Comprehensive Income attributable to noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership

Distributions to noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership

Total noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership

2020

— 

106,752 

24,393 

(496) 

528 

2,540 

(3,596) 

$130,121 

99

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

7.

SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION

As a result of the merger with Pope Resources, we have revised our reportable business segments, adding one 
additional  segment,  Timber  Funds.  The  Timber  Funds  segment  represents  operations  of  the  three  private  equity 
timber funds included in the transaction – Fund II, Fund III and Fund IV (collectively, the “Funds”). Rayonier owns 
20% of Fund II, 5% of Fund III, and 15% of Fund IV and is also the managing member of the Funds. As discussed in 
Note  6  -  Noncontrolling  Interests,  the  Funds  are  consolidated  into  our  financial  statements.  The  Timber  Funds 
segment  also  includes  fee  revenue  paid  to  us  for  managing  the  Funds,  which  consists  of  both  fixed  components 
based  on  invested  capital  and  acres  under  management  as  well  as  variable  components  related  to  the  harvest 
volumes of the Funds. These fees, which also represent an expense in the Timber Funds segment, are eliminated 
in consolidation. 

We now operate in six reportable segments: Southern Timber, Pacific Northwest Timber, New Zealand Timber, 

Timber Funds, Real Estate, and Trading.

Sales between operating segments are made based on estimated fair market value, and intercompany sales, 
purchases  and  profits  (losses)  are  eliminated  in  consolidation.  We  evaluate  financial  performance  based  on 
segment operating income (loss) and Adjusted EBITDA. Asset information is not reported by segment, as we do not 
produce asset information by segment internally.

Operating income as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income is equal 
to  segment  income.  Certain  income  (loss)  items  in  the  Consolidated  Statements  of  Income  and  Comprehensive 
Income  are  not  allocated  to  segments.  These  items,  which  include  interest  income  (expense),  miscellaneous 
income (expense) and income tax expense, are not considered by management to be part of segment operations 
and are included under “unallocated interest expense and other.”

Segment information for each of the three years ended December 31 follows:

Sales by Product Line
2019

2018

2020

Southern Timber ..................................................................................................................

 $191,831 

 $194,111 

 $169,995 

Pacific Northwest Timber......................................................................................................

120,809 

85,414 

109,832 

New Zealand Timber.............................................................................................................

202,315 

241,861 

249,014 

Timber Funds (a)..................................................................................................................

29,557 

— 

— 

Real Estate

Improved Development...............................................................................................

Unimproved Development..........................................................................................

Rural (b)......................................................................................................................

Timberland & Non-Strategic (b)..................................................................................

Conservation Easement.............................................................................................

Deferred Revenue/Other............................................................................................

Large Dispositions......................................................................................................

Total Real Estate...................................................................................................................

14,498 

8,426 

67,152 

19,255 

3,099 

888 

116,027 

229,345 

5,882 

19,476 

47,647 

1,338 

— 

544 

— 

8,336 

8,621 

46,280 

75,281 

— 

57 

— 

74,887 

138,575 

Trading..................................................................................................................................

88,973 

115,438 

148,814 

Intersegment eliminations (c)................................................................................................

(3,676) 

(155)

(92)

Total Sales.................................................................................................................

 $859,154 

 $711,556 

 $816,138 

(a)

(b)

(c)

The year ended December 31, 2020 includes $22.7 million of sales attributable to noncontrolling interest in Timber Funds.

The years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 reflect the reclassification of certain real estate sales between the Rural and Timberland &
Non-Strategic sales categories to better align with the way management internally evaluates real estate sales.

Primarily  consists  of  the  elimination  of  timberland  investment  management  fees  paid  to  us  by  the  timber  funds  which  are  initially
recognized as sales and cost of sales within the Timber Funds segment, as well as log marketing fees paid to our New Zealand Timber
segment from our Southern Timber and Pacific Northwest Timber segments for marketing log export sales.

100

 
RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

Operating Income (Loss)
2019

2018

2020

Southern Timber (a).............................................................................................................

$41,247 

$57,804 

$44,245 

Pacific Northwest Timber......................................................................................................

(9,979) 

(12,427) 

8,137 

New Zealand Timber............................................................................................................

29,984 

48,035 

62,754 

Timber Funds (b)..................................................................................................................

(13,195) 

— 

— 

Real Estate (c)......................................................................................................................

71,951 

38,665 

76,240 

Trading.................................................................................................................................

(462)

8

953 

Corporate and other (d)........................................................................................................

(45,158) 

(25,058) 

(22,261) 

Total Operating Income..............................................................................................

74,388 

107,027 

170,068 

Unallocated interest expense and other...............................................................................

(37,595) 

(26,409) 

(27,502) 

Total Income before Income Taxes.......................................................................................

$36,793 

$80,618 

  $142,566 

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

The  year  ended  December  31,  2020  includes  $6.0  million  of  timber  write-offs  resulting  from  casualty  events. Timber  write-offs  resulting
from casualty events are recorded within the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income under the caption “Cost of
sales.”

The  year  ended  December  31,  2020  includes  $11.6  million  of  operating  loss  attributable  to  noncontrolling  interest  in  Timber  Funds.
Included  in  operating  loss  attributable  to  noncontrolling  interest  in  Timber  Funds  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  is  $7.3  million
related to timber write-offs resulting from casualty events attributable to noncontrolling interest in Timber Funds. The year ended December
31, 2020 also includes $1.8 million of timber write-offs resulting from casualty events attributable to Rayonier. Timber write-offs resulting
from casualty events are recorded within the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income under the caption “Cost of
sales.”

The year ended December 31, 2020 includes $28.7 million from a Large Disposition.

The  year  ended  December  31,  2020  includes  $17.2  million  of  integration  and  restructuring  costs  related  to  the  merger  with  Pope
Resources. See Note 21 — Charges for Integration and Restructuring for additional details.

Gross Capital Expenditures
2018
2019
2020

Capital Expenditures (a)

Southern Timber....................................................................................................................

$35,505 

$34,574 

$35,388 

Pacific Northwest Timber ......................................................................................................

New Zealand Timber .............................................................................................................

Timber Funds (b)...................................................................................................................

Real Estate............................................................................................................................

Corporate and other...............................................................................................................

11,367 

16,595 

2,606 

428 

— 

11,220 

17,357 

9,311 

17,318 

— 

204 

641 

— 

284 

24 

Total capital expenditures............................................................................................

$66,500 

$63,996 

$62,325 

Timberland Acquisitions (c)

Southern Timber ...................................................................................................................

$24,241 

$98,927 

$45,943 

Pacific Northwest Timber.......................................................................................................

New Zealand Timber..............................................................................................................

— 

454 

7,340 

— 

36,020 

11,665 

Total timberland acquisitions........................................................................................

$24,695 

 $142,287 

$57,608 

Total Gross Capital Expenditures......................................................................................

$91,195 

 $206,283 

 $119,933 

(a) Excludes timberland acquisitions presented separately in addition to real estate development investments of $6.5 million, $6.8 million and

$9.5 million in the years 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

(b) The year ended December 31, 2020 includes $2.3 million of capital expenditures attributable to noncontrolling interest in Timber Funds.

(c) Excludes timberland acquired in the Pope Resources merger. For additional information, see Note 2 - Merger with Pope Resources.

101

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

Depreciation,
Depletion and Amortization
2018
2019
2020

Southern Timber....................................................................................................................

$61,827 

$61,923 

$58,609 

Pacific Northwest Timber.......................................................................................................

New Zealand Timber..............................................................................................................

Timber Funds (a)...................................................................................................................

Real Estate (b).......................................................................................................................

Corporate and other ..............................................................................................................

47,107 

25,030 

11,884 

53,093 

1,427 

29,165 

27,761 

— 

8,229 

1,157 

32,779 

28,007 

— 

23,566 

1,160 

Total.............................................................................................................................

 $200,368 

 $128,235 

 $144,121 

(a) The year ended December 31, 2020 includes $10.3 million of depreciation, depletion and amortization attributable to noncontrolling interest

in Timber Funds.

(b) The year ended December 31, 2020 includes $35.4 million from a Large Disposition.

Non-Cash Cost of Land and 
Improved Development
2019

2020

2018

Real Estate (a)............................................................................................................................

  $82,008 

  $12,565 

  $23,553 

(a) The ended December 31, 2020 includes $51.6 million from a Large Disposition.

Geographical Operating Information

2020

Sales
2019

2018

2020

Operating Income
2019

2018

Identifiable Assets
2019
2020

United States...........

 $567,998 

 $354,395 

 $390,396 

$44,877 

$58,945 

$83,357 

$3,104,916 

$2,288,642 

New Zealand...........

  291,156 

357,161 

425,742 

29,511 

48,082 

86,711 

623,817 

572,354 

Total...............

 $859,154 

 $711,556 

 $816,138 

$74,388 

 $107,027 

 $170,068 

$3,728,733 

$2,860,996 

102

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

8.

DEBT

Our debt consisted of the following at December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Debt, excluding Timber Funds:.................................................................................................

Term Credit Agreement borrowings due 2028 at a variable interest rate of 1.8% at 
December 31, 2020................................................................................................................

Senior Notes due 2022 at a fixed interest rate of 3.75%........................................................

Incremental Term Loan Agreement borrowings due 2026 at a variable interest rate of 2.1% 
at December 31, 2020............................................................................................................

2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility borrowings due 2025 at a variable interest rate of 
2.0% at December 31, 2020...................................................................................................

Revolving Credit Facility borrowings due 2025 at an average variable interest rate of 1.7% 
at December 31, 2020............................................................................................................

New Zealand subsidiary noncontrolling interest shareholder loan due 2025 at a fixed 
interest rate of 2.95%..............................................................................................................

Northwest Farm Credit Services Credit Facility with quarterly interest-only payments, 
collateralized by Core Timberlands, with the following tranches (a).......................................

Due 2025 at a fixed interest rate of 6.1%...........................................................................

Due 2028 at a fixed interest rate of 4.1%...........................................................................

Due 2033 at a fixed interest rate of 5.3%...........................................................................

Due 2036 at a fixed interest rate of 5.4%...........................................................................

2020

2019

$350,000 

325,000 

$350,000 

325,000 

300,000 

300,000 

250,000 

— 

— 

82,000 

24,903 

11,601 

12,018 

19,430 

9,868 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

Total debt, excluding Timber Funds........................................................................................

1,302,820 

1,057,000 

Less: Current maturities of long-term debt.............................................................................

Less: Deferred financing costs, excluding Timber Funds.......................................................

— 

(2,484) 

Long-term debt, net of deferred financing costs, excluding Timber Funds.............................

1,300,336 

(82,000) 

(1,871) 

973,129 

Debt, Timber Funds:..................................................................................................................

Fund II Mortgages Payable, collateralized by Fund II timberlands with quarterly interest
payments, as follows: (a)........................................................................................................

Due 2022 at a fixed interest rate of 2.0%...........................................................................

Due 2022 at a fixed interest rate of 2.0%...........................................................................

Fund III Mortgages Payable, collateralized by Fund III timberlands with quarterly interest 
payments, as follows (a):........................................................................................................

Due 2023 at a fixed interest rate of 5.1%...........................................................................

Due 2024 at a fixed interest rate of 4.5%...........................................................................

Total debt, Timber Funds........................................................................................................

Less: Deferred financing costs, Timber Funds.......................................................................

Long-term debt, net of deferred financing costs, Timber Funds.............................................

11,000 

14,000 

19,563 

15,626 

60,189 

(10)

60,179 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

—

— 

Long-term debt, net of deferred financing costs........................................................................

$1,360,515 

$973,129 

(a) See the section below labeled “Long-Term Debt Assumed in the Pope Resources Merger” for additional details.

103

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

Principal payments due during the next five years and thereafter are as follows: 

Excluding Timber 
Funds

Timber Funds

Total

2021..............................................................................

2022..............................................................................

2023..............................................................................

2024..............................................................................

2025..............................................................................

Thereafter.....................................................................

Total debt......................................................................

— 

325,000 

— 

— 

284,903 

685,000 

$1,294,903 

— 

25,000 

17,980 

14,400 

— 

— 

— 

350,000 

17,980 

14,400 

284,903 

685,000 

$57,380 

$1,352,283 

TERM CREDIT AGREEMENT

In August 2015, we entered into a credit agreement with CoBank, ACB, as administrative agent, and a syndicate 
of Farm Credit institutions and other commercial banks to provide $550 million of new credit facilities, including a 
nine-year $350 million term loan facility. In April 2020, the maturity date of the Term Credit Agreement was extended 
from August 5, 2024 to April 1, 2028. In connection herewith, we recorded deferred financing costs in the amount of 
$0.5 million which are being amortized over the term of the Term Credit Agreement. The periodic interest rate on the 
term loan facility is subject to a pricing grid based on our leverage ratio, as defined in the credit agreement. As of 
December 31, 2020, the periodic interest rate on the term loan facility was LIBOR plus 1.600%. Monthly payments 
of interest only are due on this loan through maturity. Following the closing of the term loan, we entered into several 
interest  rate  swap  transactions  to  fix  the  cost  of  the  term  loan  facility  over  its  nine-year  term.  The  term  credit 
agreement allows us to receive annual patronage payments, which are profit distributions made by a cooperative to 
its member-users based on the quantity or value of business done with the member-user. We estimate the effective 
interest  rate  on  the  term  loan  facility  to  be  approximately  3.2%  after  consideration  of  the  interest  rate  swaps  and 
estimated  patronage  refunds.  For  additional  information  on  the  our  interest  rate  swaps  see  Note  16  —  Derivative 
Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities. 

3.75% SENIOR NOTES ISSUED MARCH 2012

In  March  2012,  Rayonier  Inc.  issued  $325  million  of  3.75%  Senior  Notes  due  2022,  guaranteed  by  certain 

subsidiaries. Semi-annual payments of interest only are due on these notes through maturity.

INCREMENTAL TERM LOAN AGREEMENT

      In April 2016, we entered into an incremental term loan agreement with CoBank, ACB, as administrative agent, 
and a syndicate of  Farm  Credit  institutions  to  provide a 10-year, $300  million incremental term loan. The periodic 
interest  rate  on  the  incremental  term  loan  agreement  is  subject  to  a  pricing  grid  based  on  our  leverage  ratio,  as 
defined in the credit agreement. As of December 31, 2020, the periodic interest rate on the incremental term loan 
was  LIBOR  plus  1.900%.  Monthly  payments  of  interest  only  are  due  on  this  loan  through  maturity.  Following  the 
closing of the incremental term loan, we entered into several interest rate swap transactions to fix the cost of the 
facility  over  its  10-year  term.  We  estimate  the  effective  interest  rate  on  the  incremental  term  loan  facility  to  be 
approximately 2.8% after consideration of the interest rate swaps and estimated patronage payments. For additional 
information on our interest rate swaps see Note 16 — Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities. 

104

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

2020 INCREMENTAL TERM LOAN AGREEMENT

In April 2020, we entered into an Incremental Term Loan Agreement, which provided for the advancement of a 
five-year $250 million senior unsecured incremental term loan facility. In connection herewith, we recorded deferred 
financing costs in the amount of $0.8 million which are being amortized over the term of the 2020 Incremental Term 
Loan Facility. The proceeds from the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility were used to fund our acquisition of Pope 
Resources.  As  of  December  31,  2020,  the  periodic  interest  rate  on  the  incremental  term  loan  was  LIBOR  plus 
1.850%.  Monthly  payments  of  interest  only  are  due  on  this  loan  through  maturity.  Following  the  closing  of  the 
incremental term loan, we entered into an interest rate swap transaction to fix the cost of the facility over its 5-year 
term.  We  estimate  the  effective  interest  rate  on  the  incremental  term  loan  facility  to  be  approximately  2.3%  after 
consideration  of  the  interest  rate  swap  and  estimated  patronage  payments.  For  additional  information  on  our 
interest rate swaps see Note 16 — Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities.

REVOLVING CREDIT FACILITY

In April 2020, we amended our Revolving Credit Facility, originally entered into in 2015, with two amendments to 
the credit agreement: the first amendment increased the limit on the Revolving Credit Facility from $200 million to 
$250 million and extended its maturity date from August 5, 2020 to April 1, 2025, and the second amendment further 
increased the limit to $300 million. In connection herewith, we recorded deferred financing costs in the amount of 
$1.2 million which are being amortized over the term of the Revolving Credit Facility. The periodic interest rate on 
the  revolving  credit  facility  is  subject  to  a  pricing  grid  based  on  our  leverage  ratio,  as  defined  in  the  credit 
agreement.  As  of  December  31,  2020,  the  periodic  interest  rate  on  the  revolving  credit  facility  was  LIBOR  plus 
1.500%, with an unused commitment fee of 0.175%. Monthly payments of interest only are due on this loan through 
maturity.

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  we  made  borrowings  of  $70.0  million  and  repayments  of 
$152.0  million  on  our  Revolving  Credit  Facility.  At  December  31,  2020,  we  had  available  borrowings  of 
$299.1 million under the Revolving Credit Facility, net of $0.9 million to secure our outstanding letters of credit.

NEW ZEALAND SUBSIDIARY DEBT

In  April  2013,  we  acquired  an  additional  39%  interest  in  our  New  Zealand  subsidiary,  bringing  our  total 
ownership to 65%, and as a result, the New Zealand subsidiary’s debt was consolidated effective on that date. On 
March 3, 2016, as a result of a capital contribution, our ownership interest in the New Zealand subsidiary increased 
to 77%. See Note 6 - Noncontrolling Interests for further information.

WORKING CAPITAL FACILITY

In June 2020, the New Zealand subsidiary renewed its NZ$20 million working capital facility for an additional 12-
month term. The NZ$20 million working capital facility is available for short-term operating cash flow needs of the 
New Zealand subsidiary. This facility holds a variable interest rate indexed to the 90-day New Zealand Bank Bill rate 
(“BKBM”).  The  margins  are  set  for  the  term  of  the  facility.  During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020,  the  New 
Zealand subsidiary made no borrowings and repayments on its working capital facility. At December 31, 2020, there 
was no outstanding balance on the working capital facility.

SHAREHOLDER LOAN

In September 2020, the New Zealand subsidiary made a capital distribution to its partners on a pro rata basis in 
order  to  redeem  certain  equity  interests.  A  portion  of  this  capital  distribution  was  reinvested  by  the  partners  in 
shareholder  loans  to  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary.  Our  capital  distribution  and  portion  of  the  shareholder  loan  are 
eliminated  in  consolidation.  The  capital  distribution  to  the  minority  shareholder  and  its  reinvestment  in  the 
shareholder loan resulted in the recording of a noncontrolling interest share redemption of $5.1 million and a loan 
payable by the New Zealand subsidiary in the amount of $23.3 million due in 2025 at a fixed interest rate of 2.95%. 
As of December 31, 2020, the outstanding balance on the shareholder loan is $24.9 million. Except for changes in 
the New Zealand foreign exchange rate, there have been no adjustments to the carrying value of the shareholder 
loan since its inception.

105

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

LONG-TERM DEBT ASSUMED IN THE POPE RESOURCES MERGER 

Northwest Farm Credit Services Credit Facility

We assumed five tranches of a credit facility payable to Northwest Farm Credit Services (the “NWFCS Credit 
Facility”) totaling $45.0 million. Quarterly payments of interest only are due on the NWFCS Credit Facility through 
the  respective  maturity  of  each  tranche.  The  NWFCS  Credit  Facility  is  collateralized  by  a  portion  of  the  Pacific 
Northwest  timberlands  acquired  in  the  merger  with  Pope  Resources.  The  NWFCS  Credit  Facility  allows  us  to 
receive  annual  patronage  payments,  which  are  profit  distributions  made  by  a  cooperative  to  its  member-users 
based on the quantity or value of business done with the member-user. 

The pertinent details of each tranche of the NWFCS Credit Facility we assumed are as follows:

Tranche

Stated Fixed 
Interest Rate

Effective Fixed 
Interest Rate (a)

Stated Principal 
Amount

Est. Fair Value at 
Merger Date (b)

Tranche 2 (Due 2025)..............................

Tranche 4 (Due 2028)..............................

Tranches 6 & 7 (Due 2033).....................

Tranche 8 (Due 2036)..............................
Total NWFCS Credit Facility assumed

 6.1% 

 4.1% 

 5.3% 

 5.4% 

 4.8% 

 3.1% 

 4.2% 

 4.3% 

$10,000 

11,000 

16,000 

8,000 
$45,000 

$11,838 

12,108 

19,609 

9,947 
$53,502 

(a) Estimated effective fixed interest rates as of December 31, 2020 after consideration of estimated patronage refunds.

(b) The fair market value premium will be amortized as a benefit to interest expense over the maturity term of each tranche.

Fund II Mortgage Payable

We  assumed  Fund  II's  two  mortgages  payable  (the  “Fund  II  Mortgages  Payable”)  to  MetLife  totaling 
$25.0  million.  Quarterly  payments  of  interest  only  are  due  on  the  Fund  II  Mortgages  Payable  through  their 
respective  maturities. The  Fund  II  Mortgages  Payable  are  collateralized  by  Fund  II Timberlands  and  do  not  have 
any recourse to the Company or the Operating Partnership.

On  September  1,  2020,  we  entered  into  an  agreement  to  extend  the  maturity  date  of  the  Fund  II  Mortgages 
Payable  from  September  2020  to  September  2022.  Additionally,  the  fixed  interest  rates  on  both  the  $11  million 
tranche and the $14 million tranche were changed to 2.0%, from 4.9% and 3.8%, respectively. Beginning January 1, 
2021, this fixed rate will transition to a variable rate of 3-month LIBOR plus 1.700%.

The pertinent details of the Fund II Mortgages Payable are as follows:

Maturity Date
September 2022.................................................................

Stated Fixed 
Interest Rate (a)
 2.0% 

September 2022.................................................................

 2.0% 

Stated Principal 
Amount

Est. Fair Value at 
Merger Date (b)

$11,000 

14,000 

$25,000 

$11,061 

14,023 

$25,084 

(a) Beginning January 1, 2021, this will transition from a fixed to a variable interest rate of 3-month LIBOR plus 1.700%.

(b) The fair market value premium has been amortized as a benefit to interest expense over the original maturity term of each mortgage.

Fund III Mortgage Payable

We  assumed  Fund  III’s  two  mortgages  payable  (the  “Fund  III  Mortgages  Payable”)  to  NWFCS  totaling 
$32.4  million.  Quarterly  payments  of  interest  only  are  due  on  the  Fund  III  Mortgages  Payable  through  their 
respective maturities. The Fund III Mortgages Payable are collateralized by Fund III Timberlands and do not have 
any recourse to the Company or the Operating Partnership. 

106

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

The pertinent details of the Fund III Mortgages Payable are as follows:

Maturity Date
December 2023......................................

October 2024..........................................

Stated Fixed 
Interest Rate

 5.1% 

 4.5% 

Effective Fixed 
Interest Rate (a)
 3.9% 

 3.2% 

Stated Principal 
Amount

Est. Fair Value at 
Merger Date (b)

$17,980 

14,400 

$32,380 

$19,915 

15,844 

$35,759 

(a) Estimated effective fixed interest rates as of December 31, 2020 after consideration of estimated patronage refunds.

(b) The fair market value premium will be amortized as a benefit to interest expense over the maturity term of each mortgage.

DEBT COVENANTS — EXCLUDING TIMBER FUNDS

In  connection  with  our  $350  million  Term  Credit Agreement,  $300  million  Incremental  Term  Loan Agreement, 
$250  million  2020  Incremental  Term  Loan  Agreement  and  $300  million  Revolving  Credit  Facility,  customary 
covenants must be met, the most significant of which include interest coverage and leverage ratios. 

The  covenants  listed  below,  which  are  the  most  significant  financial  covenants  in  effect  as  of  December  31, 

2020, are calculated on a trailing 12-month basis: 

Covenant EBITDA to consolidated interest expense should not be less than..
Covenant debt to covenant net worth plus covenant debt shall not exceed.....

Covenant 
Requirement
2.5 to 1
 65% 

Actual 
Ratio
9.20 to 1
 47% 

Favorable
6.70
 18% 

In  connection  with  our  $45  million  NWFCS  Credit  Facility,  customary  covenants  must  be  met,  the  most 

significant of which include interest coverage and debt-to-capitalization ratios. 

The  covenants  listed  below,  which  are  the  most  significant  financial  covenants  in  effect  as  of  December  31, 

2020, are calculated on a trailing 12-month basis: 

Covenant loan-to-appraised value shall not exceed.........................................
Covenant EBITDA to consolidated interest expense should not be less than..
Covenant debt to covenant net worth plus covenant debt shall not exceed.....

Covenant 
Requirement
50%
2.5 to 1
 65% 

Actual 
Ratio

12%
9.20 to 1
 47% 

Favorable
 38% 
6.70
 18% 

In addition to these financial covenants listed above, the 2022 Notes, Term Credit Agreement, Incremental Term 
Loan Agreement, 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility, Revolving Credit Facility, and NWFCS Credit Facility include 
customary covenants that limit the incurrence of debt and the disposition of assets, among others. At December 31, 
2020, we were in compliance with all applicable covenants.

DEBT COVENANTS — TIMBER FUNDS

The Fund II Mortgages Payable to MetLife contains a requirement to maintain a loan-to-value ratio of less than 

50%, with the denominator defined as fair market value of the timberland pledged as collateral. 

The  Fund  III  Mortgages  Payable  to  NWFCS  contain  a  requirement  to  maintain  a  minimum  interest  coverage 
ratio  of  1.5:1,  minimum  working  capital  of  $500,000,  and  a  loan-to-value  ratio  of  less  than  50%,  with  the 
denominator defined as fair market value.

Both Timber Funds are in compliance with their respective debt covenants as of December 31, 2020. 

107

 
RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

9.

HIGHER AND BETTER USE TIMBERLANDS AND REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENTS

  We  continuously  assess  potential  alternative  uses  of  our  timberlands,  as  some  properties  may  become  more 
valuable  for  development,  residential,  recreation  or  other  purposes.  We  periodically  transfer,  via  a  sale  or 
contribution from the real estate investment trust (“REIT”) entities to taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRS”), higher and 
better  use  (“HBU”)  timberlands  to  enable  land-use  entitlement,  development  or  marketing  activities.  We  also 
periodically  acquire  HBU  properties  in  connection  with  timberland  acquisitions. These  properties  are  managed  as 
timberlands  until  sold  or  developed.  While  the  majority  of  HBU  sales  involve  rural  and  recreational  land,  we  also 
selectively  pursue  various  land-use  entitlements  on  certain  properties  for  residential,  commercial  and  industrial 
development in order to enhance the long-term value of such properties. For selected development properties, we 
also invest in targeted infrastructure improvements, such as roadways and utilities, to accelerate the marketability 
and improve the value of such properties.

In the merger with Pope Resources, we acquired HBU properties with an estimated fair value of $26.5 million. 
This includes development properties in the town of Port Gamble, Washington, development projects in Gig Harbor, 
Kingston, and Bremerton, Washington and various other assets. 

An analysis of higher and better use timberlands and real estate development investments from December 31, 

2019 to December 31, 2020 is shown below:

Non-current portion at December 31, 2019

Plus: Current portion (a)

Total Balance at December 31, 2019

Non-cash cost of land and improved development
Timber depletion from harvesting activities and basis of timber sold in real 
estate sales

Capitalized real estate development investments (b)

HBU properties acquired in merger with Pope Resources (c)

Capital expenditures (silviculture)

Intersegment transfers

Total Balance at December 31, 2020

Less: Current portion (a)

Higher and Better Use Timberlands and Real 
Estate Development Investments

Land and 
Timber 

Development 
Investments

Total

$58,091 

$23,700 

$81,791 

274 

58,365 

(1,834) 

(725)

— 

26,510 

427 

(2,630) 

80,113 

(212)

12,389 

36,089 

(7,390) 

—

6,462 

— 

— 

— 

35,161 

(6,544)

12,663 

94,454 

(9,224) 

(725) 

6,462 

26,510 

427 

(2,630) 

115,274 

(6,756) 

Non-current portion at December 31, 2020

$79,901 

$28,617 

$108,518 

(a) The current portion of Higher and Better Use Timberlands and Real Estate Development Investments is recorded in Inventory. See Note 22

— Inventory for additional information.

(b) Capitalized real estate development investments includes $0.4 million of capitalized interest.

(c) Based on preliminary estimates of fair value as of December 31, 2020. See Note 2 - Merger with Pope Resources for additional information.

108

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

10.

COMMITMENTS

At December 31, 2020, the future minimum payments under non-cancellable commitments were as follows:

2021....................................................................
2022....................................................................
2023....................................................................
2024....................................................................
2025....................................................................
Thereafter...........................................................

Environmental  
Remediation (a)
$1,026 
1,864 
1,853 
1,853 
2,338 
2,706 
$11,640 

Development 
Projects (b)

$10,723 
267 
267 
267 
267 
3,899 
$15,690 

Commitments (c)
$14,341 
17,232 
17,996 
15,228 
10,303 
29,171 
$104,271 

Total
$26,090 
19,363 
20,116 
17,348 
12,908 
35,776 
$131,601 

(a) Environmental remediation represents our estimate of potential liability associated with environmental contamination and Natural Resource
Damages  (NRD)  in  Port  Gamble,  Washington.  See  Note  13  -  Environmental  and  Natural  Resource  Damage  Liabilities  for  additional
information.

(b) Primarily consisting of payments expected to be made on our Wildlight, Richmond Hill and West Puget Sound development projects.
(c) Commitments include payments expected to be made on derivative financial instruments (interest rate swaps and forward-starting interest

rate swaps), timberland deeds and other purchase obligations.

11.

INCOME TAXES

Rayonier is a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code and therefore generally does not pay U.S. federal or state 
income  tax.  Through  the  Mergers,  Rayonier  transferred  all  of  its  assets  to  the  Operating  Partnership  on  May  8, 
2020. See Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for more information. As a result, Rayonier owns a 
96.9% interest in the Operating Partnership and conducts substantially all of its timberland operations through the 
Operating Partnership. The taxable income or loss generated by the Operating Partnership is passed through and 
reported to its unit holders (including the Company) on a Schedule K-1 for inclusion in each unitholder’s income tax 
return.  Certain  operations,  including  log  trading  and  certain  real  estate  activities,  such  as  the  entitlement, 
development  and  sale  of  HBU  properties,  are  conducted  through  our  TRS.  The  TRS  subsidiaries  are  subject  to 
United  States  federal  and  state  corporate  income  tax.  The  New  Zealand  timber  operations  are  conducted  by  the 
New  Zealand  subsidiary,  which  is  subject  to  corporate-level  tax  at  28%  in  New  Zealand  and  is  treated  as  a 
partnership for U.S. income tax purposes.

PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS

The provision for income taxes for each of the three years ended December 31 follows:

Current

U.S. federal.................................................................................................
State............................................................................................................
Foreign........................................................................................................

Deferred

U.S. federal.................................................................................................
State............................................................................................................
Foreign........................................................................................................

Changes in valuation allowance..........................................................................
Total......................................................................................................................

109

2020

2019

2018

($237) 
(339)
(5,391) 
(5,967) 

$2 
(122)
(1,542) 
(1,662) 

$2 
37 
(1,914) 
(1,875) 

8,355 
325 
(3,027) 
5,653 
(6,695) 

3,803 
146 
(23,360) 
(19,411) 
(3,950)
($7,009)    ($12,940)   ($25,236) 

465 
17 
(11,278) 
(10,796) 
(482)

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the actual income tax rate for each of the three 

years ended December 31 follows:

2020

2019

2018

U.S. federal statutory income tax rate....................................

($7,726) 

 (21.0) %  ($16,930) 

 (21.0) %  ($29,939) 

 (21.0) %

U.S. and foreign REIT income.............................................

16,569 

 45.0 

19,902 

 24.7 

32,949 

 23.1 

Matariki Group and Rayonier New Zealand Ltd...................

(7,698) 

 (20.8) 

(11,181) 

 (13.9) 

(23,166) 

 (16.2) 

Change in valuation allowance............................................

(6,695) 

 (18.2) 

(482)

 (0.6)

(3,950) 

 (2.8) 

State Net Operating Loss.....................................................

1,118 

 3.0 

Prepaid land sales................................................................

(1,084) 

 (2.9) 

Internal transfer of assets deferred......................................

Foreign income tax withholding............................................

Other....................................................................................

— 

(721)

(772)

 — 

 (2.0)

 (2.1)

— 

— 

 — 

 — 

(1,815) 

 (2.3) 

— 

— 

— 

 — 

 — 

 — 

(1,535) 

 (1.9) 

(1,848) 

 (1.3) 

(899)

 (1.1)

718 

 0.5 

Income tax expense as reported for net income.....................

($7,009) 

 (19.0) %  ($12,940) 

 (16.1) %  ($25,236) 

 (17.7) %

The  Company’s  effective  tax  rate  is  below  the  21  percent  U.S.  statutory  rate  primarily  due  to  tax  benefits 

associated with being a REIT.

DEFERRED TAXES

Deferred  income  taxes  result  from  differences  between  the  timing  of  recognizing  revenues  and  expenses  for 
financial book purposes versus income tax purposes. The nature of the temporary differences and the resulting net 
deferred tax asset/liability for the two years ended December 31 follows:

Gross deferred tax assets:

Pension, postretirement and other employee benefits....................................................
New Zealand subsidiary..................................................................................................
CBPC tax credit carry forwards.......................................................................................
Capitalized real estate costs...........................................................................................
U.S. TRS net operating loss............................................................................................
Land basis difference......................................................................................................
Other...............................................................................................................................
Total gross deferred tax assets.......................................................................................
Less: Valuation allowance...............................................................................................
Total deferred tax assets after valuation allowance........................................................

2020

2019

$1,403 
23,461 
14,555 
1,459 
18,363 
9,468 
5,502 
74,211 
(46,015) 
$28,196 

$1,512 
23,211 
14,555 
6,635 
5,410 
10,626 
4,356 
66,305 
(39,320) 
$26,985 

Gross deferred tax liabilities:

Accelerated depreciation.................................................................................................
New Zealand subsidiary..................................................................................................
Other...............................................................................................................................
Total gross deferred tax liabilities....................................................................................
Net deferred tax liability reported as noncurrent......................................................................

(23)
(38)
(87,548) 
(98,245) 
(3,938) 
(4,884) 
  (103,167) 
(91,509) 
  ($74,971)    ($64,524) 

110

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

Net operating loss (“NOL”) and tax credit carryforwards as of the two years ended December 31 follows: 

2020
U.S. Federal NOL Carryforwards- Pre TCJA (a)........................................................
U.S. Federal NOL Carryforwards- Post TCJA (a)......................................................
U.S State NOL Carryforwards (b)..............................................................................
Cellulosic Biofuel Producer Credit (c)........................................................................

2019
New Zealand subsidiary NOL carryforwards.............................................................
U.S. Federal NOL Carryforwards- Pre TCJA (a)........................................................
U.S. Federal NOL Carryforwards- Post TCJA (a)......................................................
U.S State NOL Carryforwards (b)..............................................................................
Cellulosic Biofuel Producer Credit (c)........................................................................

Tax Effected 
Balance

Expiration

$2,363 
13,017 
2,983 
14,555 

$3,262 
2,363 
1,872 
1,175 
14,555 

2036
None
2031
2023

None
2036
None
2031
2023

(a) The  Tax  Cuts  and  Jobs Act  (TCJA)  was  signed  into  law  on  December  22,  2017.  The  TCJA  lifted  the  20-year  federal  NOL  Carryforward

period. Net operating losses generated after 12/31/2017 have an indefinite carryforward period.

(b) The U.S. state NOL is made up of several jurisdictions that expire in various future years. No State NOL is set to expire before 12/31/2031.

(c) The Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020 was signed into law on December 20, 2019. The Further Consolidated Appropriations
Act, 2020 included the Taxpayer Certainty and Disaster Relief Act of 2019 (Tax Extenders Act), which temporarily renewed approximately
two dozen credits that previously expired or were set to expire at the end of 2019. The Cellulosic Biofuel Producer Credit was one of the
credits extended under this act.

Valuation allowances are provided when it is considered more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not
be  recorded.  Since  2015,  we  have  had  a  100%  valuation  allowance  against  the  U.S.  taxable  REIT  subsidiary's 
deferred tax assets, net of deferred tax liabilities. During 2020, the net deferred tax assets increased by $6.7 million, 
and  thus  the  valuation  allowance  was  adjusted  accordingly.  We  recorded  a  change  in  the  valuation  allowance  of 
$6.7 million related to the U.S. TRS's deferred tax assets, net of liabilities.

TAX STATUTES

The  following  table  provides  detail  of  the  tax  years  that  remain  open  to  examination  by  the  IRS  and  other 

significant taxing jurisdictions:

Taxing Jurisdiction
U.S. Internal Revenue Service.............................................................................................
New Zealand Inland Revenue..............................................................................................

Open Tax Years
2017 - 2019
2015 - 2019

TAX CHARACTERISTICS OF DIVIDEND DISTRIBUTIONS 

The taxable nature of the dividend distributions paid for each of the three years ended December 31 follows:

Total dividends/distributions paid per common share/unit
Tax characteristics:..............................................................................................
Capital gain..........................................................................................................

2020
$1.08 

2019
$1.08 

2018
$1.06 

 100% 

 100% 

 100% 

111

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

12.

CONTINGENCIES

We have been named as a defendant in various lawsuits and claims arising in the normal course of business. 
While we have procured reasonable and customary insurance covering risks normally occurring in connection with 
our  businesses,  we  have  in  certain  cases  retained  some  risk  through  the  operation  of  large  deductible  insurance 
plans, primarily in the areas of executive risk, property, automobile and general liability. These pending lawsuits and 
claims, either individually or in the aggregate, are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our financial 
position, results of operations, or cash flow.

13.

ENVIRONMENTAL AND NATURAL RESOURCE DAMAGE LIABILITIES

Various  federal  and  state  environmental  laws  in  the  states  in  which  we  operate  place  cleanup  or  restoration 
liability on the current and former owners of affected real estate. These laws are often a source of “strict liability,” 
meaning  that  an  owner  or  operator  need  not  necessarily  have  caused,  or  even  been  aware  of,  the  release  of 
contaminated materials. Similarly, there are certain environmental laws that allow state, federal, and tribal trustees 
(collectively,  the  “Trustees”)  to  bring  suit  against  property  owners  to  recover  damage  for  injuries  to  natural 
resources.  Like  the  liability  that  attaches  to  current  property  owners  in  the  cleanup  context,  liability  for  natural 
resource  damages  (“NRD”)  can  attach  to  a  property  simply  because  an  injury  to  natural  resources  resulted  from 
releases of contaminated materials on the owner’s property, regardless of culpability for the release. 

In connection to the merger with Pope Resources, we assumed ownership of certain real estate in Port Gamble, 

Washington, which requires environmental remediation under these laws. 

An  analysis  of  environmental  and  NRD  liabilities  from  December  31,  2019  to  December  31,  2020  is  shown 

below:

Total Balance at December 31, 2019
Liabilities assumed in merger with Pope Resources

Expenditures

Total Balance at December 31, 2020 

Less: Current portion

Non-current portion at December 31, 2020

Port Gamble, WA (a)

—

13,003

(1,362)

11,641

1,026

$10,615

(a) Represents  environmental  and  NRD  liabilities  assumed  in  the  merger  with  Pope  Resources.  Pope  & Talbot  Inc.  operated  a  sawmill  from
1853  to  1995  and  conducted  shipping,  log  storage,  and  log  transfer  operations  in  the  Port  Gamble  Bay  area  from  1974  to  2004.  P&T’s
operations  resulted  in  the  release  of  contaminated  materials  to  the  townsite,  millsite,  and  adjacent  bay.  Prior  to  the  merger,  the  in-water
portion of the clean up was completed. In November 2020, a consent decree, which includes a cleanup action plan, was entered in Kitsap
County Superior Court. Negotiations with the Trustees relating to NRD liabilities are currently ongoing and will ultimately result in agreement
as to requested mitigation activities.

These  estimates  were  based  on  assumptions  that  we  believe  to  be  reasonable;  however,  actual  results  may
differ  from  these  estimates.  See  Note  2  -  Merger  with  Pope  Resources  for  information  regarding  our  preliminary 
estimates of fair value. It is expected that the millsite cleanup and NRD restoration will occur over the next two to 
three years, while the monitoring of the Port Gamble Bay, millsite and landfills will continue for an additional 10 to 15 
years. The NRD costs are subject to change as the scope of the restoration projects become more clearly defined. 
It is reasonably possible that these components of the liability may increase as the project progresses. Management 
continues  to  monitor  the  Port  Gamble  cleanup  process  and  will  make  adjustments  as  needed.  Should  any  future 
circumstances result in a change to the estimated cost of the project, we will record an appropriate adjustment to 
the  liability  in  the  period  it  becomes  known  and  when  we  can  reasonably  estimate  the  amount.  For  further 
information  on  the  timing  and  amount  of  future  payments  related  to  our  environmental  remediation  liabilities,  see 
Note 10 - Commitments.

112

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

14.

GUARANTEES

We  provide  financial  guarantees  as  required  by  creditors,  insurance  programs,  and  various  governmental

agencies. As of December 31, 2020, the following financial guarantees were outstanding: 

Financial Commitments (a)
Standby letters of credit..............................................................................................................
Surety bonds (b).........................................................................................................................
Total financial commitments........................................................................................................

Maximum Potential
Payment

$885 
7,284 
$8,169 

(a) We have not recorded any liabilities for these financial commitments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The guarantees are not subject to

measurement, as the guarantees are dependent on our own performance.

(b) Surety  bonds  are  issued  primarily  to  secure  performance  obligations  related  to  various  operational  activities,  to  provide  collateral  for  our
Wildlight development project in Nassau County, Florida and in connection with pending and completed sales from the Harbor Hill project in
Gig  Harbor,  Washington.  These  surety  bonds  expire  at  various  dates  during  2021,  2022  and  2023  and  are  expected  to  be  renewed  as
required.

113

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

15.

EARNINGS PER SHARE AND PER UNIT

Basic earnings per common share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income attributable to Rayonier Inc. by
the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing 
net income attributable to Rayonier Inc., before net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in the Operating 
Partnership  by  the  weighted  average  number  of  common  shares  outstanding  adjusted  to  include  the  potentially 
dilutive  effect  of  outstanding  stock  options,  performance  shares,  restricted  shares,  restricted  stock  units  and 
noncontrolling interests in Operating Partnership units. 

The following table provides details of the calculations of basic and diluted earnings per common share of the 

Company for the three years ended December 31:

2020

2019

2018

Earnings per common share - basic

Numerator:

Net Income..........................................................................................

$29,784 

$67,678 

$117,330 

Less: Net (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest in the 
Operating Partnership.........................................................................

Less: Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests in 
consolidated affiliates..........................................................................

Net income attributable to Rayonier Inc. ............................................

Denominator:

(528)

—

— 

7,828 

$37,084 

(8,573) 

$59,105 

(15,114) 

$102,216 

Denominator for basic earnings per common share - weighted 
average shares...................................................................................

133,865,867 

129,257,202 

129,043,627 

Basic earnings per common share attributable to Rayonier Inc.:............

$0.28 

$0.46 

$0.79 

Earnings per common share - diluted

Numerator:

Net Income..........................................................................................

$29,784 

$67,678 

$117,330 

Less: Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest in 
consolidated affiliates..........................................................................

Net income attributable to Rayonier Inc., before net income 
attributable to noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership .

7,828 

(8,573) 

(15,114) 

$37,612 

$59,105 

$102,216 

Denominator:

Denominator for basic earnings per common share - weighted 
average shares...................................................................................

133,865,867 

129,257,202 

129,043,627 

Add: Dilutive effect of:

Stock options....................................................................................

Performance shares, restricted shares and restricted stock units....

Noncontrolling interests in Operating Partnership units...................

633 

198,955 

2,877,447 

12,209 

328,977 

— 

71,276 

575,328 

— 

Denominator for diluted earnings per common share - adjusted 
weighted average shares.........................................................................

136,942,902 

129,598,388 

129,690,231 

Diluted earnings per common share attributable to Rayonier Inc.:..........

$0.27 

$0.46 

$0.79 

Anti-dilutive shares excluded from computations of diluted earnings per 

share:

Stock options, performance shares, restricted shares and 
restricted stock units.........................................................................

450,551 

450,681 

254,282 

2020

2019

2018

114

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

Basic earnings per unit (“EPU”) is calculated by dividing net income available to unitholders of Rayonier, L.P. by 
the weighted average number of units outstanding during the year. Diluted EPU is calculated by dividing net income 
available to unitholders of Rayonier, L.P. by the weighted average number of units outstanding adjusted to include 
the potentially dilutive effect of outstanding unit equivalents, including stock options, performance shares, restricted 
shares and restricted stock units. 

The following table provides details of the calculations of basic and diluted earnings per unit of the Operating 

Partnership for the three years ended December 31:

2020

2019

2018

Earnings per unit - basic

Numerator:

Net Income..........................................................................................

$29,784 

$67,678 

$117,330 

Less: Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests in 
consolidated affiliates..........................................................................

Net income available to unitholders....................................................

7,828 

$37,612 

(8,573) 

$59,105 

(15,114) 

$102,216 

Denominator:

Denominator for basic earnings per unit - weighted average units.....

136,743,314 

129,257,202 

129,043,627 

Basic earnings per unit attributable to Rayonier, L.P.:.............................

$0.28 

$0.46 

$0.79 

Earnings per unit - diluted

Numerator:

Net Income..........................................................................................

$29,784 

$67,678 

$117,330 

Less: Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interest in 
consolidated affiliates..........................................................................

Net income available to unitholders....................................................

7,828 

$37,612 

(8,573) 

$59,105 

(15,114) 

$102,216 

Denominator:

Denominator for basic earnings per unit - weighted average units.....

136,743,314 

129,257,202 

129,043,627 

Add: Dilutive effect of unit equivalents:

Stock options....................................................................................

Performance shares, restricted shares and restricted stock units....

633 

198,955 

12,209 

328,977 

71,276 

575,328 

Denominator for diluted earnings per unit - adjusted weighted average 
units.........................................................................................................

136,942,902 

129,598,388 

129,690,231 

Diluted earnings per unit attributable to Rayonier, L.P.............................

$0.27 

$0.46 

$0.79 

Anti-dilutive unit equivalents excluded from computations of diluted 

earnings per unit:

Stock options, performance shares, restricted shares and 
restricted stock units.........................................................................

2020

2019

2018

450,551 

450,681 

254,282 

115

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

16.

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

We are exposed to market risk related to potential fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest 
rates. We use derivative financial instruments to mitigate the financial impact of exposure to these risks. We also 
use  derivative  financial  instruments  to  mitigate  exposure  to  foreign  currency  risk  due  to  the  translation  of  the 
investment in Rayonier’s New Zealand-based operations from New Zealand dollars to U.S. dollars.

Accounting  for  derivative  financial  instruments  is  governed  by  Accounting  Standards  Codification  Topic  815, 
Derivatives  and  Hedging,  (“ASC  815”).  In  accordance  with ASC  815,  we  record  our  derivative  instruments  at  fair 
value as either assets or liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in the instruments’ fair value are 
accounted for based on their intended use. Gains and losses on derivatives that are designated and qualify for cash 
flow hedge accounting are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income (“AOCI”) 
and reclassified into earnings when the hedged transaction materializes. Gains and losses on derivatives that are 
designated and qualify for net investment hedge accounting are recorded as a component of AOCI and will not be 
reclassified into earnings until the investment is partially or completely liquidated. The changes in the fair value of 
derivatives not designated as hedging instruments and those which are no longer effective as hedging instruments, 
are recognized immediately in earnings. 

FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE AND OPTION CONTRACTS

The functional currency of Rayonier New Zealand Limited, and the New Zealand subsidiary is the New Zealand 
dollar. The New Zealand subsidiary is exposed to foreign currency risk on export sales and ocean freight payments, 
which  are  mainly  denominated  in  U.S.  dollars.  The  New  Zealand  subsidiary  typically  hedges  50%  to  90%  of  its 
estimated  foreign  currency  exposure  with  respect  to  the  following  twelve  months  forecasted  sales  and  purchases 
less  distributions  and  up  to  75%  of  the  forward  12  to  18  months.   Additionally,  the  New  Zealand    subsidiary  will 
occasionally  hedge  up  to  50%  of  its  estimated  foreign  currency  exposure  with  respect  to  the  following  18  to  48 
months forecasted sales and purchases, less distributions, when New Zealand dollar is at a cyclical low versus the 
U.S.  dollar.  Foreign  currency  exposure  from  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary’s  trading  operations  is  typically  hedged 
based on the following three months forecasted sales and purchases. As of December 31, 2020, foreign currency 
exchange contracts and foreign currency option contracts had maturity dates through April 2022 and August 2021, 
respectively.

Foreign  currency  exchange  and  option  contracts  hedging  foreign  currency  risk  on  export  sales  and  ocean 
freight payments qualify for cash flow hedge accounting. We may de-designate these cash flow hedge relationships 
in  advance  or  at  the  occurrence  of  the  forecasted  transaction.  The  portion  of  gains  or  losses  on  the  derivative 
instrument  previously  accumulated  in  other  comprehensive  (loss)  income  for  de-designated  hedges  remains  in 
AOCI  until  the  forecasted  transaction  affects  earnings.  Changes  in  the  value  of  derivative  instruments  after  de-
designation are recorded in earnings. 

INTEREST RATE SWAPS

We are exposed to cash flow interest rate risk on our variable-rate Term Credit Agreement, Incremental Term 
Loan Agreement and 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility, and use variable-to-fixed interest rate swaps to hedge 
this exposure. For these derivative instruments, we report the gains/losses from the fluctuations in the fair market 
value of the hedges in AOCI and reclassify them to earnings as interest expense in the same period in which the 
hedged interest payments affect earnings.

116

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

The following table contains information on the outstanding interest rate swaps as of December 31, 2020:

Outstanding Interest Rate Swaps (a)

Date Entered Into

Term

Notional 
Amount

Related Debt Facility

August 2015

August 2015

9 years

9 years

$170,000 

Term Credit Agreement

180,000 

Term Credit Agreement

April 2016

10 years

100,000 

Incremental Term Loan

April 2016

10 years

100,000 

Incremental Term Loan

July 2016

10 years

100,000 

Incremental Term Loan

June 2020

10 years

250,000  2020 Incremental Term Loan

Fixed Rate 
of Swap 
(b)

Bank Margin
 on Debt

Total Effective 
Interest Rate (c)

 2.20 %

 2.35 %

 1.60 %

 1.60 %

 1.26 %

 1.10 %

 1.60 %

 1.60 %

 1.90 %

 1.90 %

 1.90 %

 1.85 %

 3.80 %

 3.95 %

 3.50 %

 3.50 %

 3.16 %

 2.95 %

(a) All interest rate swaps have been designated as interest rate cash flow hedges and qualify for hedge accounting.

(b) The interest rate swap entered in June 2020, was an off-market derivative, meaning it contained an embedded financing element, which the
counterparties recovered through an incremental change in the fixed rate over what would have been charged for an at-market swap.

(c) Rate is before estimated patronage payments.

TREASURY LOCKS

During the first quarter of 2020, we entered into treasury lock agreements, which were designated and qualified 
as cash flow hedges. These derivative instruments hedged the impact of changes in the benchmark interest rate to 
future  interest  payments  associated  with  anticipated  debt  issuances.  Prior  to  expiration,  we  de-designated  and 
settled  the  treasury  locks  by  converting  them  into  interest  rate  swap  lock  agreements  (discussed  below).  To  the 
extent we de-designate or terminate a cash flow hedging relationship and the associated hedged item continues to 
exist,  any  unrealized  gain  or  loss  of  the  cash  flow  hedge  at  the  time  of  de-designation  remains  in  AOCI  and  is 
amortized  using  the  straight-line  method  through  interest  expense  over  the  remaining  life  of  the  hedged  item. 
Amounts  recorded  in  AOCI  in  connection  with  the  settled  treasury  locks  were  ($20.8)  million  which  will  be 
reclassified to earnings through interest expense over the life of the 2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility.

The following table contains information on the expired treasury lock agreements entered into during the twelve 

months ended December 31, 2020:

Converted Treasury Rate Locks (a)

Date Entered Into

Term

Notional 
Amount

January 2020

10 years  $100,000 

January 2020

10 years

100,000 

February 2020

10 years

50,000 

Rate

1.53%

1.53%

1.35%

Related Debt Facility (b)

Expiration Date

2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility

March 30, 2020

2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility

March 31, 2020

2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility

March 31, 2020

(a) At inception, all treasury locks were designated as interest rate cash flow hedges and qualified for hedge accounting.

(b) See Note 8 — Debt for more information. We anticipate extending the term of the 2020 Incremental Term Loan facility for an additional five-

year term upon maturity.

INTEREST RATE SWAP LOCKS

Upon de-designation, we converted the above treasury lock agreements to interest rate swap lock agreements 
to hedge the risk of changes in the interest payments attributable to changes in the benchmark LIBOR interest rate 
associated with anticipated issuances of debt. The interest rate swap locks were designated and qualified as cash 
flow hedges. 

Prior to expiration, we de-designated and partially cash settled $11.1 million of the interest rate swap locks and 
converted them into interest rate swap agreements. To the extent we de-designate or terminate a cash flow hedging 
relationship and the associated hedged item continues to exist, any unrealized gain or loss of the cash flow hedge 

117

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RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

at the time of de-designation remains in accumulated other comprehensive loss and is amortized using the straight-
line method through interest expense over the remaining life of the hedged item. Incremental amounts recorded in 
accumulated other comprehensive loss in connection with the settled interest rate swap locks were ($1.4) million, 
which  will  be  reclassified  to  earnings  through  interest  expense  over  the  life  of  the  2020  Incremental  Term  Loan 
Facility.

The  following  table  contains  information  on  the  terminated  interest  rate  swap  lock  agreements  as  of 

December 31, 2020:

Converted Interest Rate Swap Locks (a)

Date Entered Into

Term

Notional 
Amount

Fixed Rate of 
Swap Lock (b)

March 2020

10 years  $100,000 

March 2020

10 years

100,000 

March 2020

10 years

50,000 

1.56%

1.59%

1.41%

Related Debt Facility (c)

Termination Date

2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility

June 30, 2020

2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility

June 30, 2020

2020 Incremental Term Loan Facility

June 30, 2020

(a) All  interest rate swap locks have been designated as interest rate cash flow hedges and qualify for hedge accounting.

(b) These  interest  rate  swap  locks  were  off-market  derivatives,  meaning  they  contained  an  embedded  financing  element,  which  the
counterparties recovered through an incremental charge in the fixed rate over what would have been charged for an at-market swap lock.

(c) See Note 8 — Debt for information. We anticipate extending the term of the 2020 Incremental Term Loan facility for an additional five-year

term upon maturity.

FORWARD-STARTING INTEREST RATE SWAPS

We are exposed to cash flow interest rate risk on anticipated debt issuances and use forward-starting interest 
rate swap agreements to hedge against changes in future cash flows resulting from changes in interest rates from 
the trade date through the anticipated issuance date. For these derivative instruments, we report the gains/losses 
from  the  fluctuations  in  the  fair  market  value  of  the  hedges  in AOCI  and  reclassify  them  to  earnings  as  interest 
expense in the same period in which the hedged interest payments affect earnings. 

The  following  table  contains  information  on  the  outstanding  forward-starting  interest  rate  swaps  as  of 

December 31, 2020:

Outstanding Forward-Starting Interest Rate Swaps (a)

Date Entered Into

Term

Notional 
Amount

Fixed Rate 
of Swap

February 2020

10 years  $325,000 

March 2020

May 2020

4 years

4 years

100,000 

50,000 

 1.40% 

 0.88% 

 0.74% 

Related Debt Facility
Anticipated refinancing of Senior 
Notes due 2022

Maximum Period 
Ending for 
Forecasted 
Issuance Date

Forward 
Date

April 2022

April 2022

Term Credit Agreement

August 2024

Term Credit Agreement

August 2024

N/A

N/A

(a) All forward-starting interest rate swaps have been designated as interest rate cash flow hedges and qualify for hedge accounting.

CARBON OPTIONS

The New Zealand subsidiary enters into carbon options from time to time to sell carbon assets at certain prices. 
Changes in fair value of the carbon option contracts are recorded in “Interest and other miscellaneous income, net” 
as the contracts do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment. As of December 31, 2020, all existing carbon option 
contracts have expired.

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RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

The following table demonstrates the impact, gross of tax, of our derivatives on the Consolidated Statements of 

Income and Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.

Location on Statement of Income and 
Comprehensive Income

2020

2019

2018

Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:

Foreign currency exchange contracts.............................. Other comprehensive (loss) income

$5,376 

$2,211 

($4,357) 

Foreign currency option contracts.................................... Other comprehensive (loss) income

1,211 

159 

(180) 

 Interest rate swaps........................................................... Other comprehensive (loss) income

(76,567) 

(29,893) 

8,745 

Interest rate products.......................................................

Interest Expense

10,769 

(2,296) 

(449) 

Derivatives designated as a net investment hedge:

Foreign currency exchange contract................................ Other comprehensive (loss) income

— 

— 

(344) 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:

Foreign currency exchange contracts..............................

 Carbon options

Interest and other miscellaneous income, 
net

Interest and other miscellaneous income, 
net

— 

$135 

$2,183 

563 

(105)

(158)

During  the  next  12  months,  the  amount  of  the  December  31,  2020 AOCI  balance,  net  of  tax,  expected  to  be 
reclassified into earnings as a result of the maturation of our derivative instruments is a gain of approximately $4.7 
million.

The  following  table  contains  the  notional  amounts  of  the  derivative  financial  instruments  recorded  in  the 

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:

Foreign currency exchange contracts..............................................................................

Foreign currency option contracts....................................................................................

Interest rate swaps............................................................................................................

Forward-starting interest rate swaps

Notional Amount

2020

2019

$49,000 

28,000 

900,000 

475,000 

$56,350 

22,000 

650,000 

— 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:

Carbon options (a)...............................................................................................................

— 

9,592 

(a) Notional amount for carbon options is calculated as the number of units outstanding multiplied by the spot price as of the end of the period.

119

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

The following table contains the fair values of the derivative financial instruments recorded in the Consolidated 
Balance  Sheets  at  December  31,  2020  and  2019.  Changes  in  balances  of  derivative  financial  instruments  are 
recorded as operating activities in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:

Location on Balance Sheet

2020

2019

Fair Value Assets (Liabilities) (a)

Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:

Foreign currency exchange contracts................................. Other current assets

Foreign currency option contracts....................................... Other current assets

Other assets

Other current liabilities

Other assets

Other current liabilities

Other non-current liabilities

Interest rate swaps.................................................................. Other assets

Other non-current liabilities

Forward-starting interest rate swaps....................................... Other assets

Other non-current liabilities

$4,968 

1,050 

— 

1,526 

— 

(11)

— 

— 

(51,580) 

513 

(13,042) 

$424 

390 

(172) 

151 

209 

(27)

(30) 

2,614 

(11,068) 

— 

— 

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:

Carbon options (a)............................................................... Other current liabilities

— 

(607) 

Total derivative contracts:

Other current assets...........................................................................................................................

Other assets.......................................................................................................................................

Total derivative assets..................................................................................................................

Other current liabilities........................................................................................................................

Other non-current liabilities.................................................................................................................

Total derivative liabilities...............................................................................................................

$6,494 

1,563 

$8,057 

(11)

(64,622) 

($64,633) 

$575 

3,213 

$3,788 

(806)

(11,098) 

($11,904) 

(a) See Note 17 — Fair Value Measurements for further information on the fair value of our derivatives including their classification within the

fair value hierarchy.

OFFSETTING DERIVATIVES

Derivative financial instruments are presented at their gross fair values in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our 
derivative financial instruments are not subject to master netting arrangements, which would allow the right of offset.

120

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

17.

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

A three-level hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value was established in the Accounting 

Standards Codification as follows:

Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1.

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the 

fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The  following  table  presents  the  carrying  amount  and  estimated  fair  values  of  our  financial  instruments  at 
December  31,  2020  and  2019,  using  market  information  and  what  we  believe  to  be  appropriate  valuation 
methodologies under generally accepted accounting principles:

Asset (liability) (a)

Cash and cash equivalents, excluding 
Timber Funds............................................

Cash and cash equivalents, Timber 
Funds........................................................
Restricted cash (b)....................................

Current maturities of long-term debt, 
excluding Timber Funds............................

Long-term debt, Timber Funds (c).............

Interest rate swaps (d)..............................

Forward-starting interest rate swaps (d)...

Foreign currency exchange contracts (d)..

Foreign currency option contracts (d).......

Carbon options contracts (d).....................

Marketable equity securities (e)................

Noncontrolling Interests in the Operating 
Partnership (f)...........................................

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

Carrying
Amount

Fair Value

Carrying
Amount

Fair Value

Level 1

Level 2

Level 1

Level 2

$80,454 

$80,454 

4,053 

2,975 

— 

(60,179) 

(51,580) 

(12,529) 

6,018 

1,515 

— 

— 

4,053 

2,975 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

130,121 

130,121 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(60,474) 

(51,580) 

(12,529) 

6,018 

1,515 

— 

— 

— 

$68,735 

$68,735 

— 

1,233 

— 

1,233 

(82,000) 

— 

(8,454) 

— 

642 

303 

(607)

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

—

10,582 

10,582 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

(82,000) 

(981,500) 

— 

(8,454) 

— 

642 

303 

(607) 

— 

— 

Long-term debt, excluding Timber Funds 
(c)..............................................................

 (1,300,336) 

  (1,313,631) 

(973,129) 

(a) We did not have Level 3 assets or liabilities at December 31, 2020 and 2019.

(b) Restricted cash represents the proceeds from like-kind exchange sales deposited with a third-party intermediary and cash held in escrow for

real estate development obligations. See Note 23 - Restricted Cash for additional information.

(c) The carrying amount of long-term debt is presented net of capitalized debt costs on non-revolving debt. See Note 8 — Debt for additional

information.

(d) See  Note  16  —  Derivative  Financial  Instruments  and  Hedging Activities  for  information  regarding  the  Balance  Sheet  classification  of  our

derivative financial instruments.

(e)

Investments in marketable securities are classified in “Other Assets” based on the nature of the securities and their availability for use in
current operations. See Note 24 - Other Assets for additional information.

(f) Noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership is neither an asset nor liability and is classified as temporary equity in the Company’s
Consolidated  Balance  Sheets.  This  relates  to  the  ownership  of  Rayonier,  L.P.  Units  by  various  individuals  and  entities  other  than  the
Company.

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RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

Rayonier uses the following methods and assumptions in estimating the fair value of its financial instruments:

Cash and cash equivalents and Restricted cash — The carrying amount is equal to fair market value. 

Debt  —  The  fair  value  of  fixed  rate  debt  is  based  upon  quoted  market  prices  for  debt  with  similar  terms  and 
maturities.  The  variable  rate  debt  adjusts  with  changes  in  the  market  rate,  therefore  the  carrying  value 
approximates fair value.

Interest  rate  swap  agreements  —  The  fair  value  of  interest  rate  contracts  is  determined  by  discounting  the 
expected future cash flows, for each instrument, at prevailing interest rates.

Foreign currency exchange contracts — The fair value of foreign currency exchange contracts is determined by a 
mark-to-market valuation, which estimates fair value by discounting the difference between the contracted forward 
price and the current forward price for the residual maturity of the contract using a risk-free interest rate.

Foreign  currency  option  contracts  —  The  fair  value  of  foreign  currency  option  contracts  is  based  on  a  mark-to-
market calculation using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.

Carbon option contracts — The fair value of carbon option contracts is determined by a mark-to-market valuation 
using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which estimates fair value by discounting the difference between the 
contracted  forward  price  and  the  current  forward  price  for  the  residual  maturity  of  the  contract  using  a  risk-free 
interest rate.

Marketable  equity  securities  —  The  fair  value  of  marketable  equity  securities  is  determined  by  quoted  prices  in 
their active market.

Noncontrolling Interests in the Operating Partnership — The fair value of noncontrolling interests in the Operating 
Partnership is determined based on the period-end closing price of Rayonier Inc. common shares.

The following table presents marketable equity securities that have been in a continuous unrealized gain position for 

less than 12 months and for 12 months or greater at December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

December 31, 2020

Carrying 
Amount

Less 
than 12 
Months

12 
Months 
or 
Greater

December 31, 2019

Less 
than 12 
Months

12 
Months 
or 
Greater

Total

Total

Carrying 
Amount

Fair value of marketable equity 
securities..........................................

Unrealized gains...............................

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

  $10,582 

 $10,582 

— 

3,043 

— 

— 

  $10,582 

3,043 

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RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

18.

EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

We have one qualified non-contributory defined benefit pension plan covering a portion of its employees and an 
unfunded plan that provides benefits in excess of amounts allowable under current tax law in the qualified plans. We 
closed  enrollment  in  the  pension  plans  to  salaried  employees  hired  after  December  31,  2005.  Effective  December 
31, 2016, we froze benefits for all employees participating in the pension plan. In lieu of the pension plan, we provide 
those employees with an enhanced 401(k) plan match similar to what is currently provided to employees hired after 
December  31,  2005.  Employee  benefit  plan  liabilities  are  calculated  using  actuarial  estimates  and  management 
assumptions.  These  estimates  are  based  on  historical  information,  along  with  certain  assumptions  about  future 
events. Changes in assumptions, as well as changes in actual experience, could cause the estimates to change.

The  following  tables  set  forth  the  change  in  the  projected  benefit  obligation  and  plan  assets  and  reconcile  the 
funded status and the amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for the pension and postretirement 
benefit plans for the two years ended December 31:

Pension

2020

2019

Postretirement
2019
2020

Change in Projected Benefit Obligation

Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year.....................
Service cost..............................................................................
Interest cost..............................................................................
Actuarial loss (gain)..................................................................
Benefits paid.............................................................................
Projected benefit obligation at end of year........................

$90,261 
— 
2,706 
10,915 
(3,413) 
 $100,469 

$79,559 
— 
3,197 
10,828 
(3,323) 
$90,261 

$1,634 
6 
51 
209 
(14)
$1,886 

$1,303 
6 
54 
285 
(14)
$1,634 

Change in Plan Assets

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year..........................
Actual return on plan assets.....................................................
Employer contributions.............................................................
Benefits paid.............................................................................
Other expense..........................................................................
Fair value of plan assets at end of year..........................

$66,460 
13,329 
3,005 
(3,413) 
(498)
$78,883 

$50,949 
12,975 
6,413 
(3,284) 
(593)
$66,460 

— 
— 
14 
(14)
— 
— 

— 
— 
14 
(14)
— 
— 

Funded Status at End of Year:

Net accrued benefit cost...........................................................   ($21,586)    ($23,801) 

($1,886) 

($1,634) 

Amounts Recognized in the Consolidated
Balance Sheets Consist of:

Current liabilities.......................................................................
Noncurrent liabilities.................................................................
Net amount recognized..................................................

($86) 
(21,500) 

($86) 
(23,715) 
  ($21,586)    ($23,801) 

($41) 
(1,845) 
($1,886) 

($38) 
(1,596) 
($1,634) 

123

 
RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

Net  gains  or  losses  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  (loss)  income  for  the  three  years  ended  December  31 

are as follows:

Net (losses) gains  ...........................................

  ($1,587)   

2020

Pension
2019
($1,514) 

2018
($1,743) 

Postretirement
2019
($285) 

2020
($207) 

2018

$149 

In  2020,  net  losses  recognized  in  other  comprehensive  income  for  our  pension  plan  was  primarily  due  to  an 
approximate  80  bps  decline  in  the  discount  rate  ($11.2  million)  and  unfavorable  demographic  experience 
($0.4  million),  partially  offset  by  higher  than  expected  return  on  plan  assets  ($9.3  million)  and  updates  to  mortality 
rates ($0.7 million). Net losses recognized in other comprehensive income for our postretirement plan was primarily 
due to an approximate 74 bps decline in the discount rate ($0.2 million).

Net gains or losses reclassified from other comprehensive income and recognized as a component of pension 

and postretirement expense for the three years ended December 31 are as follows:

Amortization of losses (gains)................................

$861 

$449 

$673 

$8 

— 

$2 

Net  losses  that  have  not  yet  been  included  in  pension  and  postretirement  expense  for  the  two  years  ended 

December 31, but have been recognized as a component of AOCI are as follows:

2020

Pension
2019

2018

2020

Postretirement
2019

2018

Pension

Postretirement

2020

2019

2020

2019

Net losses..........................................................................................
Deferred income tax benefit ..............................................................

  ($25,043)    ($24,317) 
1,216 
AOCI..........................................................................................   ($23,827)    ($23,101) 

1,216 

($491) 
6 
($485) 

($292) 
6 
($286) 

For pension and postretirement plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets, the following 
table sets forth the projected and accumulated benefit obligations and the fair value of plan assets for the two years 
ended December 31:

Projected benefit obligation.......................................................................................................
Accumulated benefit obligation.................................................................................................
Fair value of plan assets...........................................................................................................

2020
 $100,469 
  100,469 
78,883 

2019
$90,261 
90,261 
66,460 

The following tables set forth the components of net pension and postretirement benefit cost (credit) that have 

been recognized during the three years ended December 31:

Pension

Postretirement

2020

2019

2018

2020

2019

2018

Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost (Credit)
Service cost...................................................
Interest cost...................................................
Expected return on plan assets....................
Amortization of losses (gains).......................
Net periodic benefit cost (credit)............................

— 
2,706 
(3,504) 
861 
$63 

— 
3,197 
(3,107) 
449 
$539 

— 
3,021 
(3,934) 
673 
($240) 

$6 
51 
— 
8 
$65 

$6 
54 
— 
— 
$60 

$7 
38 
— 
2 
$47 

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RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

The following table sets forth the principal assumptions inherent in the determination of benefit obligations and 

net periodic benefit cost of the pension and postretirement benefit plans as of December 31:

Pension

Postretirement

2020

2019

2018

2020

2019

2018

Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at December 31:

Discount rate.................................................................................

 2.26 %  3.06 %  4.11 %  2.42 %  3.16 %  4.18 %

Assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost for years 

ended December 31:

Discount rate ................................................................................

 3.06 %  4.11 %  3.48 %  3.16 %  4.18 %  3.56 %

Expected long-term return on plan assets....................................

 5.72 %  5.72 %  7.17 %

— 

— 

— 

At December 31, 2020, the pension plan’s discount rate was 2.3%, which closely approximates interest rates on 
high quality, long-term obligations. In 2020, the expected return on plan assets remained flat at  5.7%, which is based 
on historical and expected long-term rates of return on broad equity and bond indices and consideration of the actual 
annualized rate of return. We utilize this information in developing assumptions for returns, risks and correlations of 
asset classes, which are then used to establish the asset allocation ranges.

INVESTMENT OF PLAN ASSETS

Our  Pension  and  Savings  Plan  Committee  and  the  Audit  Committee  of  the  Board  of  Directors  oversee  the 
pension  plans’  investment  program,  which  is  designed  to  maximize  returns  and  provide  sufficient  liquidity  to  meet 
plan  obligations  while  maintaining  acceptable  risk  levels.  The  investment  approach  emphasizes  diversification  by 
allocating the plans’ assets among asset categories and selecting investment managers whose various investment 
methodologies will be minimally correlative with each other. 

In 2020, we transitioned to a liability-driven investment (“LDI”) strategy. An LDI strategy focuses on maintaining a 
close to fully-funded status over the long-term with minimal funded status risk. This is achieved by investing more of 
the plan assets in fixed income instruments to more closely match the duration of the plan liability. The investment 
allocation  to  fixed  income  instruments  will  increase  as  the  plans'  funded  status  increases.  Investment  target 
allocation percentages for equity securities can range up to 80 percent.

Our pension plans’ asset allocation (excluding short-term investments) at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as 

follows:

Asset Category
Domestic equity securities........................................................................................................
International equity securities...................................................................................................
Domestic fixed income securities.............................................................................................
International fixed income securities........................................................................................
Real estate fund.......................................................................................................................
Total..........................................................................................................................................

Percentage of 
Plan Assets

2020

2019

 44% 
 30% 
 21% 
 3% 
 2% 
 100% 

 41% 
 28% 
 25% 
 4% 
 2% 
 100% 

  Investments  within  the  equity  categories  may  include  large  capitalization,  small  capitalization  and  emerging 
market securities, while the international fixed income portfolio may include emerging markets debt. Pension assets 
did  not  include  a  direct  investment  in  Rayonier  common  shares  during  the  years  ended  December  31,  2020  and 
2019.

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RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

NET ASSET VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Separate  investment  accounts  are  measured  using  the  unit  value  calculated  based  on  the  Net  Asset  Value 
(“NAV”) of the underlying assets. The NAV is based on the fair value of the underlying investments held by each fund 
less liabilities divided by the units outstanding as of the valuation date. These funds are not publicly traded; however, 
the unit price calculation is based on observable market inputs of the funds’ underlying assets.

The following table sets forth the net asset value of the plan assets as of December 31, 2020 or 2019.

December 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

Asset Category

Investments at Net Asset Value:

 Separate Investment Accounts....................................................................

Total Investments at Net Asset Value...........................................................

$78,883 

$78,883 

$66,460 

$66,460 

CASH FLOWS

Our expected benefit payments to be made for the next 10 years are as follows:

2021.............................................................................................................................
2022.............................................................................................................................
2023.............................................................................................................................
2024.............................................................................................................................
2025.............................................................................................................................
2026-2030...................................................................................................................

$3,774 
4,026 
4,135 
4,327 
4,445 
23,200 

$41 
45 
48 
52 
55 
328 

Pension
Benefits

Postretirement
Benefits

We have no pension contribution requirements in 2021. 

DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PLANS

We provide a defined contribution plan to all of our eligible employees. Upon completion of the merger with Pope 
Resources, former eligible Pope Resource employees were immediately eligible to participate in the Rayonier 401(k) 
plan. Pope Resources employees’ year of service were credited to the 401(k) plan for vesting purposes. Company 
match contributions charged to expense for these plans were $1.1 million, $1.0 million and $0.9 million for the years 
ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The defined contribution plan includes Rayonier common 
shares with a fair market value of $8.5 million and $10.6 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of 
June 1, 2016, the Rayonier Inc. Common Stock Fund was closed to new contributions. Transfers out of the fund will 
continue to be permitted, but no new investments or transfers into the fund are allowed. 

As discussed above, the defined benefit pension plan is currently frozen. In lieu of the pension plan, employees 
are eligible to receive an enhanced match contribution. Company enhanced match contributions charged to expense 
for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 were $1.0 million, $0.9 million and $0.8 million, respectively. 

126

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RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

19.

INCENTIVE STOCK PLANS

The  Rayonier  Incentive  Stock  Plan  (the  “Stock  Plan”)  provides  up  to  15.8  million  shares  to  be  granted  for 
incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance shares, restricted stock 
and  restricted  stock  units,  subject  to  certain  limitations. At  December  31,  2020,  a  total  of  2.8  million  shares  were 
available for future grants under the Stock Plan. Under the Stock Plan, shares available for issuance are reduced by 
1  share  for  each  option  or  right  granted  and  by  2.27  shares  for  each  performance  share,  restricted  share  or 
restricted  stock  unit  granted.  We  issue  new  shares  of  stock  upon  the  exercise  of  stock  options,  the  granting  of 
restricted stock, and the vesting of performance shares and restricted stock units. 

A summary of our stock-based compensation cost is presented below:

Selling and general expenses.........................................................................
Cost of sales...................................................................................................
Timber and Timberlands, net (a).....................................................................
Other operating expense, net (b)....................................................................
Total stock-based compensation.....................................................................

2020
$6,839 
693 
170 
324 
$8,026 

2019
$6,416 
378 
110 
— 
$6,904 

2018
$5,623 
704 
101 
— 
$6,428 

Tax benefit recognized related to stock-based compensation expense (c).

$421 

$362 

$338 

(a) Represents amounts capitalized as part of the overhead allocation of timber-related costs.

(b) Represents expense associated with the acceleration of share-based compensation on Pope replacement awards related to qualifying

terminations. See Note 21 - Charges for Integration and Restructuring for additional details.

(c) A valuation allowance is recorded against the tax benefit recognized as we do not expect to be able to realize the benefit in the future.

FAIR VALUE CALCULATIONS BY AWARD

RESTRICTED STOCK

Restricted stock granted to employees under the Stock Plan generally vests in fourths on the first, second, third 
and fourth anniversary of the grant date. Restricted stock granted to senior management generally vests in thirds on 
the  third,  fourth,  and  fifth  anniversary  of  the  grant  date.  Periodically,  other  one-time  restricted  stock  grants  are 
issued to employees for special purposes, such as new hire, promotion or retention, and can vest ratably over, or 
upon  completion  of,  a  defined  period  of  time.  Generally,  holders  of  restricted  stock  receive  dividend  equivalent 
payments on outstanding restricted shares. Restricted stock granted to members of the board of directors generally 
vests  immediately  upon  issuance  and  is  subject  to  certain  holding  requirements.  The  fair  value  of  each  share 
granted is equal to the share price of the the Company’s stock on the date of grant. We have elected to value each 
grant  in  total  and  recognize  the  expense  on  a  straight-line  basis  from  the  grant  date  of  the  award  to  the  latest 
vesting  date.  As  permitted,  we  do  not  estimate  a  forfeiture  rate  for  non-vested  shares.  Accordingly,  unexpected 
forfeitures will lower stock-based compensation during the period in which they occur.

REPLACEMENT RESTRICTED STOCK AWARDS FROM THE MERGERS

As a result of the Mergers, Rayonier issued 69,176 shares of restricted stock awards (“replacement awards”) in 
connection  with  unvested  Pope  Resources  restricted  units.  Eligible  outstanding  Pope  Resources  restricted  units 
were  canceled  and  exchanged  for  replacement  awards,  pursuant  to  an  exchange  ratio  in  the  merger  agreement 
designed to maintain the intrinsic value of the awards immediately prior to the exchange. 

In  accordance  with ASC  805,  these  awards  are  considered  to  be  replacement  awards.  Exchanges  of  share-
based payment awards in conjunction with a business combination are modifications in accordance with ASC 718, 
Compensation — Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). As a result, the portion of the fair-value of replacement awards 
attributable  to  pre-merger  services  were  included  in  measuring  the  consideration  transferred  in  the  business 
combination.  The  fair  value  of  the  replacement  awards  was  estimated  to  be  approximately  $1.7  million  of  which 

127

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

$0.2  million  was  attributable  to  pre-merger  services.  See  Note  2  —  Merger  with  Pope  Resources  for  additional 
information.

REPLACEMENT AWARD EXPENSE

The  replacement  awards  issued  have  similar  vesting  provisions  as  the  terms  of  existing  Rayonier  restricted 
stock. Expense for the replacement awards that were not fully vested prior to the date of the merger will continue to 
be  recognized  over  a  weighted  average  remaining  service  period  of  approximately  21  months  unless  a  qualifying 
termination occurs.

A qualifying termination of an awardee will result in the acceleration of vesting and expense recognition in the 
period  that  the  qualifying  termination  occurs.  Qualifying  terminations  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020 
resulted  in  the  accelerated  vesting  of  15,049  of  the  replacement  awards  and  recognition  of  approximately 
$0.3  million  of  expense.  This  accelerated  vesting  expense  is  included  in  merger-related  integration  costs  as 
described in Note 21 — Charges for Integration and Restructuring.

As  of  December  31,  2020,  there  was  $2.0  million  of  unrecognized  compensation  cost  attributable  to  our 

restricted stock. We expect to recognize this cost over a weighted average period of 1.7 years.

A summary of our restricted stock is presented below:

Restricted shares granted (a)...................................................................................................

Weighted average price of restricted shares granted...............................................................

Intrinsic value of restricted stock outstanding (b).....................................................................

Grant date fair value of restricted stock vested........................................................................

Cash used to purchase common shares from current and former employees to pay 

withholding tax requirements on restricted shares vested....................................................

2020

2019

2018

100,452 

$23.15 

4,666 

2,755 

24,592 

$30.90 

5,540 

5,339 

87,924 

$35.44 

8,792 

1,582 

566 

1,610 

334 

(a) The year ended December 31, 2020 includes 69,176 replacement awards issued as a result of the merger with Pope Resources.

(b)

Intrinsic value of restricted stock outstanding is based on the market price of the Company’s stock at December 31, 2020.

2020

Number of
Shares

Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value

Non-vested Restricted Shares at January 1,....................................................
Granted (a)........................................................................................................
Vested (b)..........................................................................................................
Cancelled..........................................................................................................

Non-vested Restricted Shares at December 31,...............................................

169,114 
100,452 
(109,764) 

(982)
158,820 

$29.45 
23.15 
25.10 

30.46
$28.47 

(a) The year ended December 31, 2020 includes 69,176 replacement awards issued as a result of the merger with Pope Resources.

(b) The year ended December 31, 2020 includes 15,049 replacement awards vested as a result of acceleration due to qualifying terminations.

RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS

In April 2019, we began granting restricted stock units instead of restricted stock to employees. All attributes of 
our restricted stock described herein, including vesting characteristics, dividend payments, fair value measurement 
and expense recognition, apply equally to restricted stock units granted under the Stock Plan.

As  of  December  31,  2020,  there  was  $5.2  million  of  unrecognized  compensation  cost  attributable  to  our 

restricted stock units. We expect to recognize this cost over a weighted average period of 3.5 years.

128

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RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

A summary of our restricted stock units is presented below:

Restricted stock units granted..................................................................................................

171,409 

103,634 

Weighted average price of restricted stock units granted........................................................

$22.58 

$31.51 

Intrinsic value of restricted stock units outstanding (a).............................................................

Grant date fair value of restricted stock units vested...............................................................

Cash used to purchase common shares from current and former employees to pay 

withholding tax requirements on restricted stock units vested..............................................

7,801 

$218 

$47 

3,351 

$2 

$1 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

2020

2019

2018

(a)

Intrinsic value of restricted stock units outstanding is based on the market price of the Company’s stock at December 31, 2020.

2020

Number of
Shares

Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value

Non-vested Restricted Stock Units at January 1,..............................................
Granted.............................................................................................................
Vested...............................................................................................................
Cancelled..........................................................................................................
Non-vested Restricted Stock Units at December 31,........................................

102,297 
171,409 
(6,868) 
(1,316) 
265,522 

$31.50 
22.58 
31.71 
28.35 
$25.75 

PERFORMANCE SHARE UNITS

Our performance share units generally vest upon completion of a three-year period. The number of shares, if 
any,  that  are  ultimately  awarded  is  contingent  upon  our  total  shareholder  return  versus  selected  peer  group 
companies.  The  performance  share  payout  is  based  on  a  market  condition,  and  as  such,  the  awards  are  valued 
using a Monte Carlo simulation model. The model generates the fair value of the award at the grant date, which is 
then  recognized  as  expense  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  the  vesting  period.  Additionally,  we  do  not  estimate  a 
forfeiture rate for non-vested units. As such, unexpected forfeitures will lower stock-based compensation during the 
period in which they occur.

The  Stock  Plan  allows  for  the  cash  settlement  of  the  required  withholding  tax  on  performance  share  unit 
awards.  As  of  December  31,  2020,  there  was  $6.3  million  of  unrecognized  compensation  cost  related  to  our 
performance  share  unit  awards,  which  is  attributable  to  awards  granted  in  2018,  2019  and  2020.  This  cost  is 
expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.9 years.

A summary of our performance share units is presented below:

Common shares reserved for performance shares granted during year ..................................

361,870 

232,684 

213,154 

Weighted average fair value of performance share units granted.............................................

$29.59 

$35.99 

$40.27 

Intrinsic value of outstanding performance share units (a)........................................................

Fair value of performance shares vested..................................................................................

Cash used to purchase common shares from current and former employees to pay 

withholding tax requirements on performance shares vested................................................

11,711 

10,758 

3,522 

6,387 

9,229 

5,670 

992 

2,639 

2,651 

2020

2019

2018

(a)

Intrinsic value of outstanding performance share units is based on the market price of the Company's stock at December 31, 2020.

129

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

Outstanding Performance Share units at January 1,..........................................
Granted................................................................................................................
Units Distributed..................................................................................................

Other Cancellations/Adjustments........................................................................
Outstanding Performance Share units at December 31,.....................................

2020

Number
of Units

328,386 
180,935 

(109,470) 
(1,244) 
398,607 

Weighted
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
$36.06 
29.59 

32.17 
38.04 
$34.17 

Expected  volatility  was  estimated  using  daily  returns  on  the  Company’s  common  shares  for  the  three-year 
period ending on the grant date. The risk-free rate was based on the 3-year U.S. treasury rate on the date of the 
award. The dividend yield was not used to calculate fair value as awards granted receive dividend equivalents. The 
following table provides an overview of the assumptions used in calculating the fair value of the awards granted for 
the three years ended December 31, 2020:

Expected volatility...........................................................................................................
Risk-free rate..................................................................................................................

2020
 32.6% 
 0.3% 

2019
 18.4% 
 2.3% 

2018
 20.8% 
 2.4% 

NON-QUALIFIED EMPLOYEE STOCK OPTIONS

The  exercise  price  of  each  non-qualified  stock  option  granted  under  the  Stock  Plan  is  equal  to  the  closing 
market price of the Company’s stock on the grant date. Under the Stock Plan, the maximum term is 10 years from 
the grant date.

A  summary  of  the  status  of  our  stock  options  as  of  and  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2020  is  presented 

below:

Options outstanding at January 1,....................................

Granted...................................................................

Exercised................................................................

Number of
Shares

414,402 

— 

(50,228) 

Cancelled or expired...............................................

(23,189) 

Options outstanding at December 31,...............................

Options exercisable at December 31,...............................

340,985 

340,985 

2020

Weighted
Average Exercise
Price
(per common 
share)

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(in years)

Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value

$33.30 

— 

27.23 

35.08 

34.07 

$34.07 

2.2

2.2

$5 

$5 

A summary of additional information pertaining to our stock options is presented below:

Intrinsic value of options exercised (a).....................................................................
Cash received from exercise of options....................................................................

2020

2019

$108 
1,368 

$475 
1,260 

2018
$2,618 
8,591 

(a)

Intrinsic value of options exercised is the amount by which the fair value of the stock on the exercise date exceeded the exercise price of the
option.

As of December 31, 2020, compensation cost related to stock options was fully recognized.

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RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

20.

OTHER OPERATING (EXPENSE) INCOME, NET

The  following  table  provides  the  composition  of  Other  operating  (expense)  income,  net  for  the  three  years

ended December 31:

(Loss) gain on foreign currency remeasurement, net of cash flow hedges........
Gain on sale or disposal of property plant & equipment....................................

2020
($3,503) 
121 

2019
($3,077) 
56 

Income from sale of unused Internet Protocol addresses..................................
Log trading marketing fees.................................................................................

— 
56 

Cost related to the merger with Pope Resources (a).........................................
Equity loss related to Ferncliff Investors joint venture (b)...................................

(17,166) 
(721)

— 
314 

— 
—

2018

$370 
7 

646 
286 

— 
— 

Miscellaneous expense, net...............................................................................
Total.............................................................................................................

(472)
($21,685) 

(1,826)
($4,533) 

(169) 
$1,140 

(a)

Includes legal, accounting, due diligence, consulting and other costs related to the merger with Pope Resources. See Note 2 - Merger with
Pope Resources and Note 21 - Charges for Integration and Restructuring for additional information.

(b) See Note 6 - Noncontrolling Interests and Note 27 - Variable Interest Entities for additional information on Ferncliff Investors.

21.

CHARGES FOR INTEGRATION AND RESTRUCTURING

During  2020,  we  have  incurred  and  accrued  for  termination  benefits  (primarily  severance)  and  accelerated 
share-based  payment  costs  based  upon  actual  and  expected  qualifying  terminations  of  certain  employees  as  a 
result of restructuring decisions made concurrent with and subsequent to the Mergers. We have also incurred non-
recurring  professional  services  costs  for  investment  banking,  legal,  consulting,  accounting  and  certain  other  fees 
directly attributable to the Mergers.

A summary of the charges for integration and restructuring related to the Mergers is presented below: 

Termination benefits.................................................................................................................

Acceleration of share-based compensation related to qualifying terminations (Note 19)........

Professional services...............................................................................................................

Other integration and restructuring costs.................................................................................

Total integration and restructuring charges related to the Mergers........................................

Changes in accrued severance related to restructuring during 2020 were as follows:

Accrued severance as of January 1, 2020......................................................................................

Charges......................................................................................................................................

Payments....................................................................................................................................

Accrued severance as of December 31, 2020................................................................................

$625 

324 

14,314 

1,903 

$17,166 

2020

2020

— 

625 

(513) 

$112 

Accrued severance is recorded within “Accrued Payroll and Benefits” in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The 

accrued severance balance as of December 31, 2020 is expected to be paid within one year.

131

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

22.

INVENTORY

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, our inventory was solely comprised of finished goods, as follows:

Finished goods inventory.......................................................................................
 Real estate inventory (a)...................................................................................
 Log inventory.....................................................................................................
Total inventory...............................................................................................

2020

2019

$6,756 
3,838 
$10,594 

$12,663 
1,855 
$14,518 

(a) Represents the cost of HBU real estate (including capitalized development investments) under contract to be sold. See Note 9 — Higher

and Better Use Timberlands and Real Estate Development Investments for additional information.

23.

RESTRICTED CASH

In  order  to  qualify  for  like-kind  exchange  (“LKE”)  treatment,  the  proceeds  from  real  estate  sales  must  be 
deposited  with  a  third-party  intermediary.  These  proceeds  are  accounted  for  as  restricted  cash  until  a  suitable 
replacement  property  is  acquired.  In  the  event  that  the  LKE  purchases  are  not  completed,  the  proceeds  are 
returned  to  us  after  180  days  and  reclassified  as  available  cash.  As  of  December  31,  2020  and  2019,  we  had 
$3.0  million  and  $1.2  million,  respectively,  of  proceeds  from  real  estate  sales  classified  as  restricted  cash  which 
were deposited with an LKE intermediary as well as cash held in escrow for real estate development obligations.

The  following  table  contains  the  amount  of  restricted  cash  recorded  in  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  and 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31:

Restricted cash deposited with LKE intermediary........................................................
Restricted cash held in escrow.....................................................................................
Total restricted cash shown in the Consolidated Balance Sheets................................
Cash and cash equivalents..........................................................................................
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the Consolidated 
Statements of Cash Flows............................................................................................

2020

2019

— 
2,975 
2,975 
84,507 

$758 
475 
1,233 
68,735 

$87,482 

$69,968 

132

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

24.

OTHER ASSETS

Included  in  Other  Assets  are  derivatives,  goodwill  in  the  New  Zealand  subsidiary,  long-term  prepaid  roads, 
patronage  equity,  marketable  equity  securities  and  other  deferred  expenses  including  deferred  financing  costs 
related to revolving debt and capitalized software costs.

See  Note  16  —  Derivative  Financial  Instruments  and  Hedging Activities  for  further  information  on  derivatives 

including their classification on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Changes in goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 were:

Balance, January 1 (net of $0 of accumulated impairment)................................................
Changes to carrying amount

2020
$8,611 

2019
$8,307 

Acquisitions................................................................................................................
Impairment..................................................................................................................
Foreign currency adjustment......................................................................................
Balance, December 31 (net of $0 of accumulated impairment)..........................................

— 
— 
332 
$8,943 

— 
— 
304 
$8,611 

See Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional information on goodwill.

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, Rayonier’s prepaid logging and secondary roads follows:

Long-term and prepaid and secondary roads

 Pacific Northwest long-term prepaid roads.....................................................................
 New Zealand long-term secondary roads.......................................................................
Total long-term prepaid and secondary roads............................................................

$4,087 
5,767 
$9,854 

$4,198 
4,265 
$8,463 

See Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional information on prepaid logging roads. 

2020

2019

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, Rayonier’s patronage equity follows:

Patronage Equity

2020

$6,685

2019
$5,217

See Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional information on patronage equity.

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, Rayonier’s deferred financing costs related to revolving debt follows:

Deferred financing costs related to revolving debt..............................................................

$1,040

2020

2019

$102

See Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional information on deferred financing costs 

related to revolving debt. 

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, Rayonier’s capitalized software costs follows:

Capitalized software costs...................................................................................................

$3,651

2020

2019
$3,605

    See  Note  1  —  Summary  of  Significant Accounting  Policies  for  additional  information  on  capitalized  software 
costs.

133

 
 
 
RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, Rayonier’s investments in marketable equity securities follows:

Investments in marketable equity securities........................................................................

— 

2020

2019
$10,582 

    See  Note  1  —  Summary  of  Significant  Accounting  Policies  for  additional  information  on  investments  in 
marketable equity securities. As of December 31, 2019, our investments in marketable equity securities consisted 
entirely of 114,400 limited partnership units of Pope Resources, originally purchased in an open-market transaction 
at $65.90 per unit. These units were included as consideration transferred in the merger with Pope Resources. See 
Note 2 — Merger with Pope Resources for additional information.

25.

ASSETS HELD FOR SALE

Assets held for sale is composed of properties not included in inventory under contract and expected to be sold 
within  the  next  12  months  that  also  meet  the  other  relevant  held-for-sale  criteria  in  accordance  with  ASC 
360-10-45-9. As  of  December  31,  2020,  the  basis  in  properties  meeting  this  classification  was  $3.4  million.  Since
the basis in these properties was less than the fair value, including costs to sell, no impairment was recognized. As
of December 31, 2019, there were no properties classified as assets held for sale.

26.

ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The following table summarizes the changes in AOCI by component for the years ended December 31, 2020

and 2019. All amounts are presented net of tax effect and exclude portions attributable to noncontrolling interest.

Foreign 
currency 
translation 
gains/
(losses)

Net 
investment 
hedges of 
New 
Zealand 
subsidiary

Cash 
flow 
hedges 

Employee 
benefit 
plans

Total 
Rayonier, 
L.P.

Allocation 
of 
Operating 
Partnership

Total 
Rayonier 
Inc.

($1,010) 

$1,321 

$21,965 

($22,037) 

$239 

— 

$239 

784 

— 

(29,251) 

(1,799) 

(30,266) 

— 

(30,266) 

— 

784 

— 

(1,624) 

449  (b)

(1,175) 

— 

(1,175) 

— 

(30,875) 

(1,350) 

(31,441) 

— 

(31,441) 

($226) 

$1,321 

($8,910) 

($23,387) 

($31,202) 

— 

 ($31,202) 

22,928 

— 

(71,644)  (a)

(1,794) 

(50,510) 

— 

(50,510) 

— 

— 

9,498 

869  (b)

10,367

(2,540) 

7,827 

22,928 

— 

(62,146) 

(925)

(40,143)

(2,540)    (42,683) 

$22,702 

$1,321 

 ($71,056) 

($24,312) 

($71,345) 

($2,540)   ($73,885) 

Balance as of December 
31, 2018............................

Other comprehensive 
(loss) income before 
reclassifications.............

Amounts reclassified from 

accumulated other 
comprehensive (loss) 
income...........................

Net other comprehensive 
(loss) income....................

Balance as of December 
31, 2019............................
Other comprehensive 
(loss) income before 
reclassifications.............

Amounts reclassified from 

accumulated other 
comprehensive (loss) 
income...........................

Net other comprehensive 
(loss) income....................

Balance as of December 
31, 2020............................

(a)

Includes  $76.6  million  of  other  comprehensive  loss  related  to  interest  rate  swaps.  See  Note  16  —  Derivative  Financial  Instruments  and
Hedging Activities for additional information.

(b) This  component  of  other  comprehensive  (loss)  income  is  included  in  the  computation  of  net  periodic  pension  cost.  See  Note  18  —

Employee Benefit Plans for additional information.

134

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

The  following  table  presents  details  of  the  amounts  reclassified  in  their  entirety  from  AOCI  for  the  years 

ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Details about accumulated other 
comprehensive (loss) income 
components

Realized (gain) loss on foreign currency 
exchange contracts....................................

Realized (gain) loss on foreign currency 
option contracts..........................................

Noncontrolling interest...............................

Realized loss (gain) on interest rate 
contracts....................................................

Income tax expense (benefit) from foreign 
currency contracts......................................

Net loss (gain) on cash flow hedges 
reclassified from accumulated other 
comprehensive income..............................

Amount reclassified from 
accumulated other 
comprehensive (loss) income

2020

2019

Affected line item in the income 
statement 

($2,324) 

$1,246 

Other operating income, net

30 

528 

(33)

Other operating income, net

(279) 

Comprehensive income (loss) 
attributable to noncontrolling interest

10,769 

(2,296) 

Interest expense

495 

(262)

Income tax expense (Note 11)

$9,498 

($1,624) 

135

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

27.

VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

ORM Timber Fund II, Inc. (Fund II), ORM Timber Fund III LLC (Fund III), and ORM Timber Fund IV LLC. (Fund IV) 
(Collectively, the “Funds”)

In the Mergers, we became manager of three private equity timber funds, Fund II, Fund III, and Fund IV, and 
obtained  ownership  interests  in  the  Funds  of  20%,  5%,  and  15%,  respectively.  We  determined,  based  upon  an 
analysis  under  the  variable  interest  entity  guidance,  that  we  have  the  power  to  direct  the  activities  that  most 
significantly  impact  the  Funds’  economic  success.  Therefore,  we  are  considered  the  primary  beneficiary  and  are 
required under ASC 810 — Consolidation to consolidate the Funds. For further information on the Funds, see Note 
6 — Noncontrolling Interests. 

The assets, liabilities and equity of the Funds as of December 31, 2020, were as follows:

Timber Funds

Assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

Accounts receivable

Prepaid expenses

Other current assets

Total current assets

Timber and timberlands, net of depletion and amortization

Total assets

Liabilities and Equity:

Accounts payable

Intercompany payable (a)

Accrued taxes

Accrued interest

Deferred revenue

Other current liabilities

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt, net of deferred financing costs

Funds’ equity

Total liabilities and equity

2020

$4,053 

3,620 

132 

41 

7,846 

410,884 

$418,730 

$939 

1,319 

314 

513 

323 

732 

4,140 

60,179 

354,411 

$418,730 

(a)

Includes management fees and other expenses payable to the Operating Partnership. These amounts are eliminated in the Consolidated
Balance Sheets.

136

RAYONIER INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
RAYONIER, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)
(Dollar amounts in thousands unless otherwise stated)

Ferncliff Investors

We  also  acquired  in  the  Mergers  an  ownership  interest  in  a  real  estate  joint  venture  entity.  We  determined, 
based upon an analysis under the variable interest entity guidance, that we have the power to direct the activities 
that  most  significantly  impact  the  joint  venture  investment’s  economic  success. Therefore,  we  are  considered  the 
primary beneficiary and are required under ASC 810 — Consolidation to consolidate Ferncliff Investors. For further 
information on Ferncliff Investors, see Note 6 — Noncontrolling Interests. 

The assets, liabilities and equity of Ferncliff Investors as of December 31, 2020, were as follows:

Ferncliff Investors

Assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

Intercompany receivable

Total current assets

Investment in real estate joint venture entity

Advances to real estate joint venture entity

Total assets

Liabilities and equity:

Other accrued and deferred liabilities

Total current liabilities

Ferncliff Investors’ equity

Total liabilities and equity

28.

RELATED PARTY

2020

$4,503 

111 

4,614 

2,112 

1,000 

$7,726 

$3,447 

3,447 

4,279 

$7,726 

In  January  2020,  we  entered  into  an  agreement  to  sell  developed  lots  to  Mattamy  Jacksonville  LLC,  a  wholly
owned  subsidiary  of  Mattamy  Homes,  for  an  aggregate  base  purchase  price  of  $4.45  million  (subject  to  multiple 
takedowns over a 2 year period), plus additional consideration as to each lot to the extent the ultimate sales price of 
each finished home exceeds agreed price thresholds (the “Mattamy Contract”). The Mattamy contract also includes 
marketing fee revenue based on 1.25% of the sales price of each finished home.  

In September 2020, Keith Bass, a member of our Board of Directors, was named the Chief Executive Officer of 
Mattamy Homes US. Following this development, the Mattamy Contract and the ongoing obligations therein, were 
reviewed  by  the  Nominating  and  Corporate  Governance  Committee  in  accordance  with  established  policies  and 
procedures regarding the authorization and approval of transactions with related parties.

The following table demonstrates the impact, gross of tax, of our related party transactions on the Consolidated 

Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the three years ended December 31:

Related Party Transaction

Location on Statement of Income and 
Comprehensive Income

Mattamy Contract

Sales

2020

2019

2018

$1,354 

— 

— 

137

Item 9. 

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL 
DISCLOSURE

None.

Item 9A.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Rayonier Inc.

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Rayonier  management  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures. Disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934 (the “Exchange Act”)) are designed with the objective of ensuring that information required to be disclosed by 
the Company in reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this Annual Report on Form 10-K, is (1) recorded, 
processed,  summarized  and  reported  within  the  time  periods  specified  in  the  SEC’s  rules  and  forms  and 
(2) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no control evaluation can provide absolute assurance 
that all control exceptions and instances of fraud have been prevented or detected on a timely basis. Even systems 
determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance that their objectives are achieved.

Based on an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this 
Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  our  management,  including  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer, 
concluded the design and operation of the disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 
2020. 

CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

In the year ended December 31, 2020, based upon the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Rule 13a-15, 
there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that would materially affect or are reasonably 
likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

Rayonier, L.P.

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

The  Operating  Partnership  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures. Disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934 (the “Exchange Act”)) are designed with the objective of ensuring that information required to be disclosed by 
Rayonier, L.P. in reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this Annual Report on Form 10-K, is (1) recorded, 
processed,  summarized  and  reported  within  the  time  periods  specified  in  the  SEC’s  rules  and  forms  and 
(2) accumulated  and  communicated  to  our  management,  including  Rayonier’s  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief
Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no control evaluation can provide absolute assurance 
that all control exceptions and instances of fraud have been prevented or detected on a timely basis. Even systems 
determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance that their objectives are achieved.

Based on an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this 
Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  our  management,  including  Rayonier’s  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial 
Officer,  concluded  the  design  and  operation  of  the  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  were  effective  as  of 
December 31, 2020. 

CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

In the year ended December 31, 2020, based upon the evaluation required by paragraph (d) of Rule 13a-15, 
there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that would materially affect or are reasonably 
likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable.

138

PART III

Certain  information  required  by  Part  III  is  incorporated  by  reference  from  the  Company’s  Definitive  Proxy 
Statement  to  be  filed  with  the  SEC  in  connection  with  the  solicitation  of  proxies  for  the  Company’s  2021 Annual 
Meeting  of  Shareholders  (the  “Proxy  Statement”).  We  will  make  the  Proxy  Statement  available  on  our  website  at 
www.rayonier.com as soon as it is filed with the SEC.

Item 10.  DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

A  list  of  our  executive  officers  and  their  biographical  information  are  found  in  Item  1  in  this Annual  Report  on 
Form  10-K.  Additional  information  required  by  this  Item  with  respect  to  directors  and  other  governance  matters  is 
incorporated herein by reference from the sections and subsections entitled “Proposal No. 1 - Election of Directors,” 
“Corporate Governance,” “Named Executive Officers” and “Report of the Audit Committee” in the Proxy Statement.

Our Standard of Ethics and Code of Corporate Conduct, which is applicable to our principal executive, financial 
and  accounting  officers,  is  available  on  our  website,  www.rayonier.com.  Any  amendments  to  or  waivers  of  the 
Standard of Ethics and Code of Corporate Conduct will also be disclosed on our website.

Item 11. 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The  information  called  for  by  Item  11  is  incorporated  herein  by  reference  from  the  section  and  subsections 
entitled  “Compensation  Discussion  and Analysis,”  “Summary  Compensation  Table,”  “CEO  Pay  Ratio,”  “Grants  of 
Plan-Based  Awards,”  “Outstanding  Equity  Awards  at  Fiscal  Year-End,”  “Option  Exercises  and  Stock  Vested,” 
“Pension  Benefits,”  “Nonqualified  Deferred  Compensation,”  “Potential  Payments  Upon  Termination  or  Change  in 
Control,”  “Director  Compensation,”  “Compensation  Committee  Interlocks  and  Insider  Participation;  Processes  and 
Procedures” and “Report of the Compensation and Management Development Committee” in the Proxy Statement.

Item 12. 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 
RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The  information  called  for  by  Item  12  is  incorporated  herein  by  reference  from  the  section  and  subsections 
entitled  “Ownership  of  and  Trading  in  our  Shares,”  “Share  Ownership  of  Certain  Beneficial  Owners,”  “Share 
Ownership  of  Directors  and  Executive  Officers”  and  “Equity  Compensation  Plan  Information”  in  the  Proxy 
Statement.

Item 13.  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The  information  called  for  by  Item  13  is  incorporated  herein  by  reference  from  the  section  and  subsections 
entitled “Proposal No. 1 - Election of Directors,” “Director Independence” and “Related Person Transactions” in the 
Proxy Statement.

Item 14. 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The  information  called  for  by  Item  14  is  incorporated  herein  by  reference  from  the  subsection  entitled 

“Information Regarding Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the Proxy Statement.

139

Item 15. 

EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)

Documents filed as a part of this report:

PART IV

(i)

See Index to Financial Statements on page 60 for a list of the financial statements filed as part of this
report.

(ii)

Financial Statement Schedules:

SCHEDULE II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
Years Ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 
(In Thousands)

Description
Allowance for doubtful accounts:

Balance
at
Beginning
of Year

Additions 
Charged
to Cost
and
Expenses

Deductions

Balance
at End
of Year

Year ended December 31, 2020................................
Year ended December 31, 2019................................
Year ended December 31, 2018................................

$24 
8 
23 

$1 
16 
— 

Deferred tax asset valuation allowance:

Year ended December 31, 2020................................
Year ended December 31, 2019................................
Year ended December 31, 2018................................

$39,320 
38,839 
34,889 

$6,695  (a)
481  (a)
3,950  (a)

— 
— 
(15)

— 
— 
— 

$25 
24 
8

$46,015 
39,320 
38,839 

(a) The 2020, 2019 and 2018 increase is comprised of valuation allowance against the TRS deferred tax assets.

All other financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable, the required 
matter is not present or the required information has otherwise been supplied in the financial statements 
or the notes thereto.

(i)

See Exhibit Index for a list of the exhibits filed or incorporated herein as part of this report. Exhibits
that are incorporated by reference to documents filed previously by the Company under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, are filed with the SEC under File No. 1-6780.

Item 16. 

FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

140

EXHIBIT INDEX

The following is a list of exhibits filed as part of the Form 10-K. As permitted by the rules of the SEC, the Company has 
not  filed  certain  instruments  defining  the  rights  of  holders  of  long-term  debt  of  the  Company  or  its  consolidated 
subsidiaries under which the total amount of securities authorized does not exceed 10 percent of the total assets of the 
Company  and  its  consolidated  subsidiaries.  The  Company  agrees  to  furnish  to  the  SEC,  upon  request,  a  copy  of  any 
omitted instrument.

Exhibit No.

Description

Location

1.1  Distribution Agreement, dated September 10, 2020, by and 
among Rayonier Inc., Rayonier, L.P., Citigroup Global 
Markets Inc., Credit Suisse Securities (USA), LLC, Goldman 
Sachs & Co. LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Morgan 
Stanley & Co. LLC and Raymond James & Associates, Inc.

2.1  Contribution, Conveyance and Assumption Agreement dated 

December 18, 2003 by and among Rayonier Inc., Rayonier 
Timberlands Operating Company, L.P., Rayonier Timberlands, 
L.P., Rayonier Timberlands Management, LLC, Rayonier
Forest Resources, LLC, Rayland, LLC, Rayonier TRS
Holdings Inc., Rayonier Minerals, LLC, Rayonier Forest
Properties, LLC, Rayonier Wood Products, LLC, Rayonier
Wood Procurement, LLC, Rayonier International Wood
Products, LLC, Rayonier Forest Operations, LLC, Rayonier
Properties, LLC and Rayonier Performance Fibers, LLC

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 
to the Registrant’s September 10, 2020 
Form 8-K

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 to the Registrant’s January 15, 
2004 Form 8-K

2.2  Contribution, Conveyance and Assumption Agreement, dated 
July 29, 2010, between Rayonier Inc. and Rayonier Operating 
Company LLC

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.7 to the Registrant’s June 30, 2010 
Form 10-Q

2.3  Separation and Distribution Agreement, dated May 28, 2014, 
by and between Rayonier Inc. and Rayonier Advanced 
Materials Inc.**

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 
to the Registrant’s May 30, 2014 Form 
8-K

2.4  Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 14, 2020, 
by and among Rayonier Inc., Rayonier Operating Company 
LLC, Pacific GP Merger Sub I, LLC, Pacific GP Merger Sub II, 
LLC, Pacific LP Merger Sub III, LLC, Pope Resources, a 
Delaware limited partnership, Pope MGP, Inc. and Pope EGP, 
Inc.

2.5  Amendment No. 1, dated as of April 1, 2020, to the 

Agreement and Plan of Merger, by and among Rayonier Inc., 
Rayonier, L.P., Rayonier Operating Company LLC, Rayonier 
Operating Holdings, LLC, Pacific GP Merger Sub I, LLC, 
Pacific GP Merger Sub II, LLC, Pacific LP Merger Sub III, 
LLC, Pope Resources, a Delaware limited partnership, Pope 
MGP, Inc. and Pope EGP, Inc.

3.1  Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation

3.2  By-Laws

3.3  Limited Liability Company Agreement of Rayonier Operating 

Company LLC

3.4  Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of 

Rayonier, L.P., dated as of May 8, 2020

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 
to the Registrant’s January 15, 2020 
Form 8-K

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 
to the Registrant’s April 1, 2020 Form 8-
K

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 
to the Registrant’s May 23, 2012 Form 
8-K

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 
to the Registrant’s October 21, 2009 
Form 8-K

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 
to the Registrant’s June 30, 2010 Form 
10-Q

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 
to the Registrant’s May 13, 2020 Form 
8-K

4.1  Indenture relating to the 3.75% Senior Notes due 2022, dated 
March 5, 2012, between Rayonier Inc., as issuer, and The 
Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 
to the Registrant’s March 5, 2012 Form 
8-K

Exhibit No.

Description

4.2  First Supplemental Indenture relating to the 3.75% Senior 

Notes due 2022, dated March 5, 2012, among Rayonier Inc., 
as issuer, the subsidiary guarantors named therein and The 
Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee

Location
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 
to the Registrant’s March 5, 2012 Form 
8-K

4.3  Second Supplemental Indenture relating to the 3.75% Senior 
Notes due 2022, dated March 5, 2012, among Rayonier Inc., 
as issuer, the subsidiary guarantors named therein and The 
Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 
to the Registrant’s October 17, 2012 
Form 8-K

4.4  Third Supplemental Indenture relating to the 3.750% Senior 
Notes due 2022, dated as of May 7, 2020, by and among 
Rayonier Inc., the subsidiary guarantors party thereto, 
Rayonier, L.P. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust 
Company, N.A., as trustee

4.5  Form of Note for 3.75% Senior Notes due 2022 (contained in 

Exhibit A to Exhibit 4.5)

4.6  Indenture among Rayonier, L.P., Rayonier Inc., the guarantors 

party thereto from time to time and Wells Fargo Bank, 
National Association, as Trustee, dated as of September 9, 
2020

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 
to the Registrant’s May 13, 2020 Form 
8-K

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 
to the Registrant’s March 5, 2012 Form 
8-K

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 
to the Registrant’s September 10, 2020 
Registration Statement on Form S-3

4.7  Description of Registrant’s Securities Registered Pursuant to 

Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Filed herewith

10.1  Rayonier Investment and Savings Plan for Salaried 

Employees effective March 1, 1994, amended and restated 
effective April 1, 2015 and further amended effective 
September 8, 2015*

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.2 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2015 Form 10-K

10.2  Amendment to Rayonier Investment and Savings Plan for 

Salaried Employees effective as of June 1, 2016, executed 
February 25, 2016*

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 to the Registrant’s March 31, 2016 
Form 10-Q

10.3  Amendment to Rayonier Investment and Savings Plan for 

Salaried Employees effective as of June 1, 2016, executed 
June 13, 2016*

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.3 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2019 Form 10-K

10.4  Amendment to Rayonier Investment and Savings Plan for 

Salaried Employees effective as of January 1, 2017, executed 
January 17, 2017*

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 to the Registrant’s March 31, 2017 
Form 10-Q

10.5  Amendment to Rayonier Investment and Savings Plan for 

Salaried Employees effective as of January 1, 2017, executed 
July 20, 2017*

Incorporate by reference to Exhibit 10.1 
to the Registrant’s June 30, 2017 Form 
10-Q

10.6  Amendment to Rayonier Investment and Savings Plan for 
Salaried Employees effective as of April 1, 2017, executed 
December 7, 2016*

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.6 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2019 Form 10-K

10.7  Amendment to Rayonier Investment and Savings Plan for 

Salaried Employees effective as of October 1 2017, executed 
November 9, 2017*

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.6 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2017 Form 10-K

10.8  Amendment to Rayonier Investment and Savings Plan for 

Salaried Employees effective as of November 1, 2018, 
executed December 21, 2018

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.7 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2018 Form 10-K

10.9  Amended and Restated Retirement Plan for Salaried 
Employees of Rayonier Inc. effective January 1, 2014*

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.9 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2015 Form 10-K

10.10  First Amendment to the Retirement Plan for Salaried 

Employees of Rayonier Inc. effective as of December 31, 
2016*

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.2 to the Registrant’s September 30, 
2016 Form 10-Q

Exhibit No.

Description

Location

10.11  Rayonier Inc. Excess Benefit Plan, as amended*

10.12  Form of Rayonier Outside Directors Compensation Program/

Cash Deferral Option Agreement*

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.2 to the Registrant’s June 30, 2010 
Form 10-Q

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.24 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2006 Form 10-K

10.13  Trust Agreement for the Rayonier Inc. Legal Resources Trust* Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 

10.14  Amended and Restated Master Shareholder Agreement in 
Relation to Matariki Forests Australia PTY Limited, Matariki 
Forestry Group and Matariki Forests, dated February, 2010, 
by and among SAS Trustee Corporation, Deutche Asset 
Management (Australia) Limited, Rayonier Canterbury LLC, 
Rayonier New Zealand Limited, Cameron and Company 
Limited, Matariki Forests Australia Pty Limited, Matariki 
Forestry Group and Matariki Forests

10.15  Deed of Amendment and Restatement of Shareholder 

Agreement, dated March 31, 2016, by and among Rayonier 
Canterbury LLC, Waimarie Forests Pty Limited, Matariki 
Forestry Group, Matariki Forests and Phaunos Timber Fund 
Limited

10.16  Intellectual Property Agreement, dated June 27, 2014, by and 
between Rayonier Inc. and Rayonier Advanced Materials Inc.

10.17  Form of Indemnification Agreement between Rayonier Inc. 

and its Officers and Directors*

10.18  Form of Indemnification Agreement between Rayonier Inc. 

and its Officers

10.19  Rayonier Incentive Stock Plan, as amended*

10.20  Form of Rayonier Incentive Stock Plan Non-Qualified Stock 

Option Award Agreement*

10.21  Form of Rayonier Incentive Stock Plan Restricted Stock 

Award Agreement*

10.22  2018 Performance Share Award Program*

10.23  2019 Performance Share Award Program*

10.24  2020 Performance Share Award Program*

10.25  Rayonier Inc. Supplemental Savings Plan effective March 1, 

2016*

10.1 to the Registrant’s September 30, 
2014 Form 10-Q

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.14 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2019 Form 10-K

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.15 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2019 Form 10-K

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.4 to the Registrant’s June 30, 2014 
Form 8-K

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.8 to the Registrant’s June 30, 2014 
Form 10-Q

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.18 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2019 Form 10-K

Incorporate by reference to Exhibit 10.1 
to the Registrant’s September 30, 2020 
Form 10-Q

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.19 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2008 Form 10-K

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.5 to the Registrant’s March 31, 2015 
Form 10-Q

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 to the Registrant’s March 31, 2018 
Form 10-Q

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.18 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2019 Form 10-K

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.3 to the Registrant’s March 31, 2020 
Form 10-Q

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.2 to the Registrant’s March 31, 2016 
Form 10-Q

Exhibit No.

Description

Location

10.26  Credit Agreement dated as of August 5, 2015 among 

Rayonier Inc., Rayonier TRS Holdings Inc. and Rayonier 
Operating Company LLC, as Borrowers, CoBank, ACB as 
Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and Issuing Bank, 
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and Farm Credit of Florida, ACA 
as Co-Syndication Agents, Credit Suisse AG and SunTrust 
Bank as Co-Documentation Agents and CoBank, ACB as 
Sole Lead Arranger and Sole Bookrunner

10.27  First Amendment and Incremental Term Loan Agreement 
dated as of April 28, 2016, by and among Rayonier Inc., 
Rayonier TRS Holdings Inc., Rayonier Operating Company 
LLC, as Borrowers, CoBank, ACB, as Administrative Agent 
and the several banks, financial institutions and other 
institutional lenders party thereto

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.3 to the Registrant’s March 31, 2016 
Form 10-Q

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 to the Registrant’s May 2, 2016 
Form 8-K

10.28  2016 Guarantee Agreement dated as of April 28, 2016 among 

Rayonier Inc., Rayonier TRS Holdings Inc. and COBANK, 
ACB, as Administrative Agent

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.2 to the Registrant’s May 2, 2016 
Form 8-K

10.29  Amended and Restated Executive Severance Pay Plan 

effective as of October 2020*

10.30  LTI Supplemental Terms Vesting in Event of Retirement

10.31  Rayonier Incentive Stock Plan Restricted Stock Unit Award 

Agreement, dated 2019*

10.32  Rayonier Non-Equity Incentive Plan, as amended, Effective 

as of January 1, 2020*

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.2 to the Registrant’s September 30, 
2020 Form 10-Q

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.30 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2019 Form 10-K

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.31 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2019 Form 10-K

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.32 to the Registrant’s December 31, 
2019 Form 10-K

10.33  Voting and Support Agreement, dated as of January 14, 2020 

by and among Rayonier Inc, PT Pope Properties LLC, PMG 
Family Limited Partnership and Maria M. Pope.

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 to the Registrant’s January 15, 
2020 Form 8-K

10.34  Voting and Support Agreement, dated as of January 14, 2020 

by and among Rayonier Inc, Emily T. Andrews 1987 
Revocable Trust, Gordon Andrews and Gordon Pope 
Andrews Separate Property Revocable Trust U/T/D 5/9/2013.

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.2 to the Registrant’s January 15, 
2020 Form 8-K

10.35  Rayonier Incentive Stock Plan Performance Share Award 

Filed herewith

Agreement

10.36  Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of April 1, 

2020, by and among Rayonier Inc., Rayonier TRS Holdings 
Inc. and Rayonier Operating Company LLC, as borrowers, the 
several banks, financial institutions and other institutional 
lenders party thereto and CoBank, ACB as administrative 
agent, swing line lender and issuing bank

10.37  Annex A to Second Amendment to Credit Agreement

10.38  Accordion Increase Agreement, dated as of April 13, 2020, by 

and among Rayonier Inc., Rayonier TRS Holdings Inc., and 
Rayonier Operating Company LLC, as borrowers, the several 
banks, financial institutions and other institutional lenders 
party thereto and CoBank, ACB as administrative agent, 
swing line lender and issuing bank

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.4 to the Registrant’s March 31, 2020 
Form 10-Q

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.5 to the Registrant’s March 31, 2020 
Form 10-Q

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.6 to the Registrant’s March 31, 2020 
Form 10-Q

Exhibit No.

Description

Location

10.39  Third Amendment and Incremental Term Loan Agreement, 

dated as of April 16, 2020, by and among Rayonier Inc., 
Rayonier TRS Holdings Inc., and Rayonier Operating 
Company LLC, as borrowers, the several banks, financial 
institutions and other institutional lenders party thereto and 
CoBank, ACB as administrative agent

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.7 to the Registrant’s March 31, 2020 
Form 10-Q

10.40  Tax Protection Agreement, dated as of May 8, 2020, by and 
among Rayonier Inc., Rayonier, L.P. and Pope Resources, A 
Delaware Limited Partnership

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 to the Registrant’s May 13, 2020 
Form 8-K

10.41  Amendment to Rayonier Investment and Savings Plan for 
Salaried Employees effective as of April 1, 2020, executed 
March 23, 2020*

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.7 to the Registrant’s June 30, 2020 
10-Q

10.42  Amendment to Rayonier Investment and Savings Plan for 
Salaried Employees effective as of May 8, 2020, executed 
May 4, 2020*

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.8 to the Registrant’s June 30, 2020 
10-Q

10.43  Amendment to Rayonier Investment and Savings Plan for 
Salaried Employees effective as of May 8, 2020, executed 
May 8, 2020*

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.9 to the Registrant’s June 30, 2020 
10-Q

10.44  Pope Resources 2005 Unit Incentive Plan*

21.1  List of subsidiaries of Rayonier Inc

21.2  List of subsidiaries of Rayonier, L.P.

22.1  List of Guarantor Subsidiaries

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 
to the Registrant’s May 8, 2020 
Registration Statement on Form S-8

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
22.1 to the Registrant’s June 30, 2020 
10-Q

23.1  Rayonier Inc. - Consent of Ernst & Young LLP

23.2  Rayonier, L.P. - Consent of Ernst & Young LLP

24  Powers of attorney

31.1  Rayonier Inc. - Chief Executive Officer’s Certification 

Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) and pursuant to 
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

Filed herewith

31.2  Rayonier Inc. - Chief Financial Officer’s Certification Pursuant 

Filed herewith

to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14-(a) and pursuant to Section 302 of 
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.3  Rayonier, L.P. - Chief Executive Officer’s Pursuant to Rule 

Filed herewith

13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) and pursuant to Section 302 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.4  Rayonier, L.P - Chief Financial Officer’s Certification Pursuant 

Filed herewith

to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) and pursuant to Section 302 of 
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.1  Rayonier Inc. - Certification of Periodic Financial Reports 

Furnished herewith

Under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.2  Rayonier, L.P. - Certification of Periodic Financial Reports 
Under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Furnished herewith

Exhibit No.

Description

Location

Filed herewith

101  The following financial information from our Annual Report on 
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020, 
formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language 
(“iXBRL”), includes: (i) the Consolidated Statements of 
Income and Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended 
December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018; (ii) the Consolidated 
Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019; (iii) the 
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity/Statement 
of Capital for the Years Ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 
2018; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the 
Years Ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018; and (v) the 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

104  The cover page from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 

10-K from the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020,
formatted in Inline XBRL (included as Exhibit 101)

Filed herewith

* Management contract or compensatory plan.
** Certain schedules and similar attachments have been omitted from this filing pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of

Regulation S-K. Rayonier will furnish supplemental copies of any such schedules or attachments to the U.S. 
Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly 

caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

RAYONIER INC.

By:

/s/ MARK MCHUGH
Mark McHugh
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Duly Authorized Officer, Principal Financial Officer)

RAYONIER, L.P.

By:

/s/ MARK MCHUGH
Mark McHugh
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Duly Authorized Officer, Principal Financial Officer)

February 22, 2021 

Pursuant  to  the  requirements  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  this  report  has  been  signed  below  by  the 
following persons on behalf of Rayonier Inc., for itself and in its capacity as General Partner of Rayonier, L.P. and in the 
capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

Title

Date

/s/ DAVID L. NUNES

President and Chief Executive Officer

February 22, 2021

David L. Nunes
(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ MARK MCHUGH

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

February 22, 2021

Mark McHugh
(Principal Financial Officer)

/s/ APRIL TICE

April Tice
(Principal Accounting Officer)

*
Dod A. Fraser

*
Keith E. Bass

*
Ann Nelson

*
Scott R. Jones

*
V. Larkin Martin

*
Meridee A. Moore

*
Matthew J. Rivers

*
Andrew G. Wiltshire

*By:

/s/ MARK R. BRIDWELL
Mark R. Bridwell
Attorney-In-Fact

Vice President, Financial Services and Corporate 
Controller

February 22, 2021

Chairman of the Board

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

147

February 22, 2021

SUBSIDIARIES OF RAYONIER INC. 
As of December 31, 2020 

Name of Subsidiary
Matariki Forests

Matariki Forestry Group

Pope Resources, L.P.

Rayonier Forest Resources, L.P.

Rayonier, L.P.

Rayonier Operating Company Holding LLC

Rayonier Operating Company, LLC

Rayonier TRS Forest Operations, LLC

Rayonier TRS Holdings Inc.
Raydient LLC

EXHIBIT 21.1

State/Country of
Incorporation/
Organization

New Zealand

New Zealand

Delaware

  Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

  Delaware
  Delaware

In accordance with Item 601(b)(21) of Regulation S–K, we have omitted some subsidiaries that, if considered in the aggregate 
as a single subsidiary, would not constitute a significant subsidiary as of December 31, 2020 under Rule 1–02(w) of Regulation 
S–X.

 
 
SUBSIDIARIES OF RAYONIER, L.P. 
As of December 31, 2020 

Name of Subsidiary
Matariki Forests

Matariki Forestry Group

Pope Resources, L.P.

Rayonier Forest Resources, L.P.

Rayonier Operating Company, LLC

Rayonier TRS Forest Operations, LLC

Rayonier TRS Holdings Inc.

Raydient LLC

EXHIBIT 21.2

State/Country of
Incorporation/
Organization

New Zealand

New Zealand

Delaware

  Delaware

Delaware

Delaware

  Delaware

  Delaware

In accordance with Item 601(b)(21) of Regulation S–K, we have omitted some subsidiaries that, if considered in the aggregate 
as a single subsidiary, would not constitute a significant subsidiary as of December 31, 2020 under Rule 1–02(w) of Regulation 
S–X.

 
 
EXHIBIT 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements: 

1) Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333–248702) of Rayonier, Inc., 
2) Registration Statement (Form S-4 No. 333–114858) of Rayonier Inc., 
3) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333–129175) pertaining to the Rayonier 1994 Incentive Stock 
Plan, 
4) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333–129176) pertaining to the 2004 Rayonier Incentive Stock and 
Management Bonus Plan, 
5) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333–152505) pertaining to the Rayonier Investment and Savings 
Plan for Salaried Employees,
6) Registration Statement (Form S-4 No. 333–237246) pertaining to the registration of Rayonier shares and 
Rayonier L.P. units issued to Pope unitholders, and
7) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333–238097) pertaining to the Pope Resources 2005 Unit 
Incentive Plan; 

of our reports dated February 22, 2021, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedule of 
Rayonier Inc. and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Rayonier Inc. included in this 
Annual Report (Form 10-K) of Rayonier Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2020. 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Jacksonville, Florida
February 22, 2021

 
EXHIBIT 23.2

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements:

1) Registration Statement (Form S-3 No. 333–248702) of Rayonier, Inc., 
2) Registration Statement (Form S-4 No. 333–114858) of Rayonier Inc., 
3) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333–129175) pertaining to the Rayonier 1994 Incentive Stock 
Plan, 
4) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333–129176) pertaining to the 2004 Rayonier Incentive Stock and 
Management Bonus Plan, 
5) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333–152505) pertaining to the Rayonier Investment and Savings 
Plan for Salaried Employees,
6) Registration Statement (Form S-4 No. 333–237246) pertaining to the registration of Rayonier shares and 
Rayonier L.P. units issued to Pope unitholders, and
7) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333–238097) pertaining to the Pope Resources 2005 Unit 
Incentive Plan; 

of our report dated February 22, 2021, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedule of 
Rayonier, L.P. included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) of Rayonier, L.P. for the year ended December 31, 2020. 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Jacksonville, Florida
February 22, 2021

 
 
EXHIBIT 31.1

I, David L. Nunes, certify that: 

CERTIFICATION

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Rayonier Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;

The  registrant's  other  certifying  officer(s)  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls 
and  procedures  (as  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rule  13a-15(e)  and  15d-15(e))  and  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.

b.

c.

d.

Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be 
designed  under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period 
in which this report is being prepared;

Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of 
financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with 
generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual 
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control 
over financial reporting; and

5.

The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.

b.

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role 
in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: February 22, 2021 

/S/ DAVID L. NUNES
David L. Nunes
President and Chief Executive Officer, Rayonier Inc.

EXHIBIT 31.2

I, Mark McHugh, certify that:

CERTIFICATION

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Rayonier Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;

The  registrant's  other  certifying  officer(s)  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls 
and  procedures  (as  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rule  13a-15(e)  and  15d-15(e))  and  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.

b.

c.

d.

Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be 
designed  under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period 
in which this report is being prepared;

Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of 
financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with 
generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual 
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control 
over financial reporting; and

5.

The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.

b.

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role 
in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: February 22, 2021 

/s/ MARK MCHUGH
Mark McHugh
Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer, Rayonier Inc. 

 
EXHIBIT 31.3

I, David L. Nunes, certify that: 

CERTIFICATION

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Rayonier L.P.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;

The  registrant's  other  certifying  officer(s)  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls 
and  procedures  (as  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rule  13a-15(e)  and  15d-15(e))  and  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.

b.

c.

d.

Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be 
designed  under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period 
in which this report is being prepared;

Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of 
financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with 
generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual 
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control 
over financial reporting; and

5.

The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.

b.

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role 
in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  February 22, 2021

/S/ DAVID L. NUNES
David L. Nunes
President and Chief Executive Officer, Rayonier Inc.

EXHIBIT 31.4

I, Mark McHugh, certify that:

CERTIFICATION

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Rayonier L.P.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present 
in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the 
periods presented in this report;

The  registrant's  other  certifying  officer(s)  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls 
and  procedures  (as  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rule  13a-15(e)  and  15d-15(e))  and  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a.

b.

c.

d.

Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be 
designed  under  our  supervision,  to  ensure  that  material  information  relating  to  the  registrant,  including  its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period 
in which this report is being prepared;

Designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting  to  be  designed  under  our  supervision,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of 
financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with 
generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual 
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control 
over financial reporting; and

5.

The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

a.

b.

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role 
in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: February 22, 2021 

/s/ MARK MCHUGH
Mark McHugh
Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer, Rayonier Inc. 

EXHIBIT 32.1 

CERTIFICATION 

The undersigned hereby certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that 

to our knowledge: 

1.

2.

The Annual Report on Form 10-K of Rayonier Inc. (the “Company”) for the period ended December 31, 2020 
(the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934; and

The  information  in  the  Report  fairly  presents,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations of the Company.

February 22, 2021 

/s/ DAVID L. NUNES
David L. Nunes
President and Chief Executive Officer, 
Rayonier Inc.

/s/ MARK MCHUGH

   Mark McHugh

Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer, Rayonier Inc.

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Rayonier and will be retained by 
Rayonier and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

 
  
  
EXHIBIT 32.2 

CERTIFICATION 

The undersigned hereby certify, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, that 

to our knowledge: 

1.

2.

The  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  of  Rayonier,  L.P.  (the  “Rayonier  Operating  Partnership”)  for  the  period 
ended December 31, 2020 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

The  information  in  the  Report  fairly  presents,  in  all  material  respects,  the  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations of the Company.

February 22, 2021

/s/ DAVID L. NUNES
David L. Nunes
President and Chief Executive Officer, 
Rayonier Inc.

/s/ MARK MCHUGH

   Mark McHugh

Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer, Rayonier Inc.

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Rayonier and will be retained by 
Rayonier and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

  
  
 
THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rayonier Inc. 2020

Board of Directors

Dod A. Fraser [A, N] 
Chairman of the Board 
President, 
Sackett Partners

David L. Nunes 
President and  
Chief Executive Officer, 
Rayonier Inc. 

Keith E. Bass [A, C] 
CEO, Mattamy Homes US; 
Managing Partner, 
Mill Creek Capital LLC

Scott R. Jones [C] 
Retired, President, 
Forest Capital Partners

V. Larkin Martin [C, N] 
Managing Partner, 
Martin Farm; 
Vice President, 
The Albemarle Corporation

Meridee A. Moore [C, N] 
Senior Managing 
Member and Chief 
Investment Officer, 
Watershed Asset 
Management, LLC

Ann C. Nelson [A, N] 
Retired, Lead Audit 
Partner, KPMG LLP

Matthew J. Rivers [A, N]  
Part-time Director 
Alternative Fuel 
Origination, Drax Group

Andrew G. Wiltshire [A, N] 
Founding Partner,  
Folium Capital LLC; 
Management and 
Governance of private 
orchard and farming companies 

BOARD COMMITTEES: [A] Audit [C] Compensation and Management Development [N] Nominating and Corporate Governance

Executive Officers

David L. Nunes 
President and  
Chief Executive Officer

Mark D. McHugh 
Senior Vice President and 
Chief Financial Officer

Douglas M. Long 
Senior Vice President, 
Forest Resources

Christopher T. Corr 
Senior Vice President, 
Real Estate Development  

Mark R. Bridwell 
Vice President,  
General Counsel and  
Corporate Secretary

Shelby L. Pyatt 
Vice President, 
Human Resources and 
Information Technology

W. Rhett Rogers 
Vice President, 
Portfolio Management

April J. Tice 
Vice President, 
Financial Services and 
Corporate Controller

Corporate Information

Corporate Headquarters
Rayonier Inc.  
1 Rayonier Way  
Wildlight, FL 32097  
904.357.9100  
www.rayonier.com

Investor and Media Relations
Collin P. Mings 
Vice President, Capital 
Markets & Strategic Planning

Form 10-K
Additional copies of this report and Rayonier’s 
report on Form 10-K are available without 
charge upon written request to:  
Rayonier Inc.
Investor Relations  
1 Rayonier Way  
Wildlight, FL 32097

Independent Registered  
Public Accounting Firm
Ernst & Young, LLP  
12926 Gran Bay Parkway West  
Suite 500  
Jacksonville, FL 32258

Stock Information
Listed: New York Stock Exchange  
Symbol: RYN  
CUSIP: 754 907 103

Transfer Agent 
and Registrar
Rayonier Inc.
c/o Computershare 
P.O. Box 505000 
Louisville, KY 40233-5000  
800.659.0158 (U.S.) 
201.680.6578 (International)
www.computershare.com/investor

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Rayonier Inc.  
1 Rayonier Way 
Wildlight, Florida 32097