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Rectifier Technologies

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FY2023 Annual Report · Rectifier Technologies
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RECTIFIER TECHNOLOGIES LTD
ABN: 82 058 010 692

ANNUAL REPORT
2023

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Contents
30 June 2023

Corporate directory
Chairman's report
Directors' report
Auditor's independence declaration
Statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income
Statement of financial position
Statement of changes in equity
Statement of cash flows
Notes to the financial statements
Directors' declaration
Independent auditor's report to the members of Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Shareholder information

2
3
6
15
16
17
18
19
20
52
53
57

1

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Corporate directory
30 June 2023

Directors

Mr. Ying Ming Wang
Mr. Yanbin Wang
Mr. Valentino Vescovi
Mr. Nigel Machin
Mr. Nicholas Yeoh 

Company secretary

Ms Nova Taylor

Registered office

Share register

Auditor

Bankers

97 Highbury Road
BURWOOD, VIC 3125
Telephone: + 61 3 9896 7550
Facsimile:  + 61 3 9896 7566

Computershare Investor Services Pty Ltd
452 Johnston Street
ABBOTSFORD, VIC 3067
Telephone:  1300 137 328

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd
Collins Square, Tower 5
727 Collins Street
MELBOURNE, VIC 3008

ANZ Banking Group Limited
10 Main Street BOX HILL, VIC 3128

Westpac Banking Corporation
39-41Hamilton Place, MOUNT WAVERLEY, VIC 3149

Stock exchange listing

Rectifier Technologies Ltd shares are listed on the Australian Securities Exchange 
(ASX code: RFT)

Website

https://www.rectifiertechnologies.com/

Corporate Governance Statement

The directors and management are committed to conducting the business of Rectifier 
Technologies Ltd in an ethical manner and in accordance with the highest standards 
of corporate governance. Rectifier Technologies Ltd has adopted and has 
substantially complied with the ASX Corporate Governance Principles and 
Recommendations (Fourth Edition) ('Recommendations') to the extent appropriate to 
the size and nature of its operations.

The consolidated entity’s Corporate Governance Statement, which sets out the 
corporate governance practices that were in operation during the financial year and 
identifies and explains any Recommendations that have not been followed and ASX 
Appendix 4G are released to the ASX on the same day the Annual Report is 
released. The Corporate Governance Statement and Corporate Governance 
Compliance Manual can be found on the Company’s website 
at https://www.rectifiertechnologies.com/investors-relations/.

2

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Chairman's report
30 June 2023

Financial Results

The Company has experienced remarkable growth from 2022 to 2023, not only in terms of sales but also in profitability. The 
surge  in  revenue,  coupled  with  efficient  cost  management,  has  resulted  in  a  significantly  improved  net  profit  margin.  The 
Company's post-tax profit has reached to $6,457,153, marking a substantial increase from the $491,955 recorded as of 30 
June 2022.

Notably, total revenues have witnessed an extraordinary increase, soaring by approximately 144.2% to reach $39,808,597. 
This starkly contrasts with the total of $16,303,329 reported in the preceding period. 

Additionally,  the  Company  has  reported  a  significantly  higher  profit  before  tax  of  $8,698,539  compared  to  the  $1,231,874 
reported  in  the  previous  reporting  period.  The  following  table  below  shows  the  results  for  the  12  months  to  June  2023 
compared with those of the previous corresponding period.

($'000')

               2023

               2022

39,809

19,030

48%

8,698

(2,241)

6,457

6,457

16,303

7,409

50%

1,232

(740)

492

492

Revenue from continuing operations (refer to note 5&6)

Gross Profit

Gross Margin %

Profit from continuing operations before tax

Income Tax Expense

Profit from continuing operations after tax

Net Profit

Funding 

Rectifier Technologies Malaysia:
On 6 February 2017, obtained a MYR 5,460,000 (AUD 1,629,851) loan from Public Bank Berhad for a new manufacturing 
facility. As of 30 June 2023, the carrying amount was MYR 4,408,557 (AUD 1,421,107).

On 7 October 2019, obtained a MYR 2,730,000 (AUD 929,393) loan from the same bank for another manufacturing facility. 
As of 30 June 2023, the carrying amount was MYR 2,439,670 (AUD 786,432).

On  2  October  2020,  obtained  a  MYR  498,800  (AUD  159,780)  loan  from  the  same  bank  for  rooftop  solar  PV  net  energy 
metering. As of 30 June 2023, the carrying amount was MYR 385,631 (AUD 124,309).

Rectifier Technologies Australia:
On 30 March 2022, obtained a AUD 3,000,000 loan from ANZ for working capital. The loan was fully paid on 2 September 
2022.

On 2 September 2022, obtained a AUD 5,000,000 loan from WBC for working capital with a term of five years and a variable 
interest rate of 7.38% p.a. As of 30 June 2023, the carrying amount was AUD 4,144,353.

On 21 July 2023, obtained a Bank Bill Business Loan of AUD 5,000,000 from WBC for working capital with a two-year term 
and a variable interest rate of 5.9363% p.a. The repayment arrangement includes both principal and interest, up to 20 July 
2025.

3

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Chairman's report
30 June 2023

Dividends Payments

No dividend was declared for the 2023 Financial year.

Review of Operations

The Company has demonstrated adept and effective management in the aftermath of the disruptions caused by the COVID-
19 pandemic and global supply chain shortages. We are pleased to announce that our organization has achieved noteworthy 
growth from 2022 to 2023. This growth is characterized by a substantial increase in sales and a significant improvement in 
profitability.  This  remarkable  surge  in  revenue,  underpinned  by  rigorous  cost  management  strategies,  has  substantially 
enhanced our net profit margin.

Sales Order Fulfilment Update
In FY2023, we have achieved a significant milestone by successfully fulfilling and delivering 75% of the orders received from 
Tritium Pty Ltd. This accomplishment translates to a total order value approaching 15 million USD. This aligns seamlessly with 
our announcement on 9 February 2022, where we disclosed an order value of approximately 20 million USD. 

Furthermore, within the same financial period, we have realized a remarkable achievement by fulfilling 37% of the orders for 
the RT22 product from I-Charging Mobilidade Electrica SA (‘I-Charging’), amounting to a total order value of approximately 8 
million  USD.  This  achievement  is  in  direct  correspondence  with  the  details  outlined  in  our  ASX  announcement  from  16 
November 2022, which pertained to the Purchase Order received from I-Charging, with a total order value of 22 million USD. 

The Company is confident of its ability to fulfil and deliver the remaining orders to the Tritium and I-charging by the end of the 
2023 calendar  year as previously advised, subject to approval and  ongoing requirements of the client.  Our procurement 
team  demonstrated   exceptional   efficiency   in   sourcing   the   requisite   manufacturing   materials,   ensuring   the   seamless 
fulfilment   of  these  orders.  These  outstanding  achievements  underscore  our  unwavering  commitment  to  meeting  our 
customer's needs and delivering on our promises, even amidst the challenges presented by the global supply chain.

Digital Enterprise Transformation
Our  Digital  Enterprise  Transformation  initiative  continues  to  make  significant  strides.  The  successful  consolidation  of  our 
Australia  and  Singapore  subsidiaries  onto  a  unified  platform  represents  a  significant  milestone.  The  second  phase  of  this 
initiative, which encompasses the implementation of our Malaysia factory, is proceeding as planned and is expected to achieve 
go-live status by the end of October 2023. This phase promises to substantially enhance operational efficiency and provide 
comprehensive business intelligence through a unified platform.

Outlook

The Company's outlook involves several significant strategies:

RT22 Opportunities: The Company has identified new opportunities for the markets of the RT22 in conjunction with existing 
customers and new customers to sell the product into the USA Federal Government National EV Infrastructure  (NEVI) $7.5b 
program by redesigning the RT22 for automated manufacturing in high labour cost environments. 

Manufacturing Improvements: A Chief Manufacturing Officer in Malaysia is leading efforts to streamline production, increase 
capacity, and maintain quality.

EV Charging Station Starter Kit: The Company is developing a starter kit by integrating the EV station control system with 
RT22, enabling swift EV charging station deployment.

High-Voltage Input Rectifier: A custom high-voltage input rectifier project is advancing, with prototypes due by Q4 2023 and 
production starting in early 2024, indicating growing demand, particularly in defence products.

Megawatt Charging System (MCS): The Company is actively exploring emerging markets for MegaWatt Charging systems, 
encompassing transport, marine, and aeronautics, as well as x-MegaWatt Charging for mining and power systems for net-
zero energy sources like hydrogen generation. The research and development team is initially developing a customized liquid-
cooled  rectifier  module  tailored  for  these  markets.  Upon  finalizing  a  formal  agreement  with  a  customer,  the  project  will 
commence with meticulous attention to detail and precision.

Long-Term E-Mobility Outlook: Despite near-term grid capacity challenges, the Company expects continued revenue growth 
in the E-Mobility sector due to consistent demand for charging modules.

4

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Chairman's report
30 June 2023

In conclusion, the Company is strategically positioning itself for growth in the EV industry, focusing on innovation, automation, 
and customization to adapt to evolving market needs.

On behalf of the Board

Ying Ming Wang
Chairman

28 September 2023
Melbourne

5

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Directors' report
30 June 2023

The directors present their report, together with the financial statements, on the consolidated entity (referred to hereafter as 
the 'consolidated entity') consisting of Rectifier Technologies Ltd (referred to hereafter as the 'Company' or 'parent entity') 
and the entities it controlled at the end of, or during, the year ended 30 June 2023.

Directors
The following persons were directors of Rectifier Technologies Ltd during the whole of the financial year and up to the date 
of this report, unless otherwise stated:

Mr. Ying Ming Wang
Mr. Yanbin Wang
Mr. Valentino Vescovi
Mr. Nigel Machin
Mr. Nicholas Yeoh (appointed on 8 December 2022)

Principal activities
The principal activities of the consolidated entity during the financial year were designing and manufacturing high-efficiency 
power rectifiers and producing electronic and specialised magnetic components.

Dividends
There were no dividends paid, recommended or declared during the current or previous financial year.

Review of operations
The profit for the consolidated entity after providing for income tax amounted to $6,457,153 (30 June 2022: $491,955).

Specific information on the review of operations, financial position and business strategies is stated in the Chairman’s report. 

Significant changes in the state of affairs
There were no significant changes in the state of affairs of the consolidated entity during the financial year.

Matters subsequent to the end of the financial year
No  matter  or  circumstance  has  arisen  since  30  June  2023  that  has  significantly  affected,  or  may  significantly  affect  the 
consolidated entity's operations, the results of those operations, or the consolidated entity's state of affairs in future financial 
years.

Likely developments and expected results of operations
Information on likely developments in the operations of the consolidated entity and the expected results of those operations 
in future financial years is stated in the Chairman’s report. 

Environmental regulation
The  consolidated  entity  is  not  subject  to  any  significant  environmental  regulation  under  Australian,  Singaporean  and 
Malaysian Commonwealth or State law.

Information on directors
Name:
Title:
Qualifications:
Experience and expertise:

Mr. Ying Ming Wang
Chairman – Non-Executive
Master of Science
As Managing Director of the Pudu Group, Ying Ming has built up a range of technology 
and property businesses, including Epern Telecom Co. Ltd., Beijing’s largest privately 
owned ISP. He is also involved in the China Digital Kingdom, an internet datacentre 
development business in China.
Board Member since June 2006
Pudu Group

Other current directorships:
Former directorships (last 3 years): None
Special responsibilities:
Interests in shares:
Interests in options:

Member of the audit committee
224,643,616 Ordinary Shares 
None

6

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Directors' report
30 June 2023

Name:
Title:
Qualifications:
Experience and expertise:

Mr. Yanbin Wang
Director – Executive and Chief Executive Officer 
Master of Law, Bachelor of Philosophy 
Before joining Rectifier Technologies as CEO in 2010, Yanbin was Chief Operations 
Officer at Tianjin IC Card Public Network Company of Tianjin, China and Vice-President 
of Transtech Sino America, based in Florida, USA. He was instrumental in restructuring 
the Rectifier Technologies group in 2012, leading it back to growth and profitability.
Board Member since August 2010
Other current directorships:
None
Former directorships (last 3 years): None
Special responsibilities:
Interests in shares:
Interests in options:

Member of the audit committee
70,000,000 Ordinary Shares 
None

Name:
Title:
Qualifications:
Experience and expertise:

Mr. Valentino Vescovi 
Director – Non-Executive
Master of Science, Bachelor of Science
As a founding director of Rectifier Technologies Pacific, Valentino was instrumental in 
its  product  development  programs  that  led  the  world  in  telecom  power  using  switch 
mode technology. He brings the board a significant amount of technical and business 
expertise.
Board member 2003-2010 and from 30 October 2012
Other current directorships:
None
Former directorships (last 3 years): None
Special responsibilities:
Interests in shares:
Interests in options:

Member of the audit committee
36,440,000 Ordinary Shares
None

Name:
Title:
Qualifications:
Experience and expertise:

Mr. Nigel Machin                                  
Director – Executive and Head of Power Engineering
Bachelor of Engineering
Nigel was a founding director of Rectifier Technologies Pacific and has been involved 
in all its product development since. Before Rectifier Technologies, Nigel was involved 
in induction melting equipment at Inductotherm Melting, in sound reinforcement power 
amplifiers  for  professional  audio  at  Clockwork  Audio,  and  then  in  telecom  power 
supplies  at  Ausmode/Exicom.  He  has  published  8  papers  and  holds  two  current 
patents.
Board member since 3 April 2017 
None
Other current directorships:
Former directorships (last 3 years): None
Special responsibilities:
Interests in shares:
Interests in options:

Member of the audit committee
22,010,000 Ordinary Shares
1,800,000 unlisted options 

Name:
Title:

Qualifications:
Experience and expertise:

Mr. Nicholas Yeoh 
Director  -  Executive  (appointed  on  8  December  2022)  and  Director  of  Sales  and 
Marketing
Executive Master of Business Administration and Bachelor of Engineering (Hons)
Nicholas  joined  Rectifier  Technologies  in  2008  as  a  software  development  engineer 
and later transitioned to a sales role within the group. He brings commercial leadership 
and technical input to the management team, fundamental in identifying new markets 
and promoting business growth for Rectifier Technologies.
Other current directorships:
None 
Former directorships (last 3 years): None 
Interests in shares:
Interests in options:

20,500,000 Ordinary Shares
None

'Other current directorships' quoted above are current directorships for listed entities only and exclude directorships of all 
other types of entities unless otherwise stated.

7

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Directors' report
30 June 2023

'Former directorships (last 3 years)' quoted above are directorships held in the last 3 years for listed entities only and exclude 
directorships of all other types of entities unless otherwise stated.

Company secretary
Ms.  Nova  Taylor  was  appointed  as  Company  Secretary  on  3  February  2022.  Ms  Taylor  has  approximately  5  years’ 
experience working with listed companies in Company Secretary and Assistant Company Secretary roles. She previously 
worked for Computershare Investor Services Pty Limited in various roles for over 10 years. Nova has completed a Bachelor 
of Laws at Deakin University.

Meetings of directors
The number of meetings of the Company's Board of Directors ('the Board') held during the year ended 30 June 2023, and 
the number of meetings attended by each director was:

Mr. Ying Ming Wang
Mr. Yanbin Wang
Mr. Valentino Vescovi
Mr. Nigel Machin
Mr. Nicholas Yeoh (appointed on 8 December 2022)

Full Board

Attended

Held

Audit and Risk Committee
Attended

Held

6
6
6
5
3

6
6
6
6
3

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

Held: represents the number of meetings held during the time the director held office.

Remuneration report (audited)
The remuneration report details the key management personnel remuneration arrangements for the consolidated entity, in 
accordance with the requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 and its Regulations.

Key management personnel are those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the 
activities of the entity, directly or indirectly, including all directors.

The remuneration report is set out under the following main headings:

Principles used to determine the nature and amount of remuneration
Details of remuneration
Service agreements
Share-based compensation
Additional information
Additional disclosures relating to key management personnel

Principles used to determine the nature and amount of remuneration
The objective of the consolidated entity's executive reward framework is to ensure reward for performance is competitive 
and appropriate for the results delivered. The framework aligns executive reward with the achievement of strategic objectives 
and the  creation of value for shareholders,  and it is considered  to conform to the market best  practice for the  delivery of 
reward. The Board of Directors ('the Board') ensures that executive reward satisfies the following key criteria for good reward 
governance practices:

competitiveness and reasonableness;
acceptability to shareholders;
performance linkage/alignment of executive compensation; and
transparency.

The Board  is responsible for determining and reviewing  remuneration arrangements  for its directors and executives. The 
performance of the consolidated entity depends on the quality of its directors and executives. The remuneration philosophy 
is to attract, motivate and retain high-performance and high-quality personnel.

The reward framework is designed to align executive reward to shareholders' interests. The Board has considered that it 
should seek to enhance shareholders' interests by:

having economic profit as a core component of plan design;
focusing on sustained growth in shareholder wealth, consisting of dividends and growth in share price, and delivering 
constant or increasing return on assets as well as focusing the executive on key non-financial drivers of value; and
attracting and retaining high calibre executives.

8

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Directors' report
30 June 2023

Additionally, the reward framework should seek to enhance executives' interests by:

rewarding capability and experience
reflecting competitive reward for contribution to growth in shareholder wealth
providing a clear structure for earning rewards

In accordance with best practice corporate governance, the remuneration structure of non-executive director and executive 
director is separate.

Non-executive directors' remuneration
The Board's policy is to remunerate non-executive directors at market rates for comparable companies for time, commitment 
and responsibilities. The Board determines payments to the non-executive directors and reviews their remuneration annually, 
based on market practice, duties and accountability. Independent external advice is sought when required. The maximum 
aggregate amount of fees that can be paid to non-executive directors is subject to approval by shareholders at the Annual 
General Meeting. Fees for non-executive directors are not linked to the performance of the consolidated entity.

ASX listing  rules require  the aggregate non-executive  directors'  remuneration to be determined  periodically by  a  general 
meeting.  The  most  recent  determination  was  at  the  Annual  General  Meeting  held  on  13  November  2003,  where  the 
shareholders approved a maximum annual aggregate remuneration of $100,000.

Executive remuneration
The  consolidated  entity  aims  to  reward  executives  based  on  their  position  and  responsibility,  with  a  level  and  mix  of 
remuneration which has both fixed and variable components.

The executive remuneration and reward framework has four components:

base pay and non-monetary benefits;
short-term performance incentives;
long-term incentives; and
other remuneration such as superannuation and long service leave.

The combination of these comprises the executive's total remuneration.

Fixed remuneration, consisting of base salary, superannuation and non-monetary benefits, is reviewed annually by the Board 
based  on  individual  and  business  unit  performance,  the  overall  performance  of  the  consolidated  entity  and  comparable 
market remunerations.

Executives  may  receive  their  fixed  remuneration  in  the  form  of  cash  or  other  fringe  benefits  (for  example  motor  vehicle 
benefits), which does not create any additional costs to the consolidated entity and provides additional value to the executive.

The short-term incentives ('STI') program is designed to align the targets of the business units with the performance hurdles 
of  executives.  STI  payments  are  granted  to executives based on specific annual targets and  key performance indicators 
('KPI's')  being  achieved.  KPI's  include  profit  contribution,  customer  satisfaction,  leadership  contribution  and  product 
management.

The  long-term  incentives  ('LTI')  includes  share-based  payments.  Shares  are  awarded  to  executives  in  accordance  with 
performance guidelines established by the Board. These include increase in shareholders' value relative to the entire market 
and the increase compared to the consolidated entity's direct competitors. The Board reviewed the long-term equity-linked 
performance incentives specifically for executives during the year ended 30 June 2023.

Consolidated entity performance and link to remuneration
As part of each executive director and executive’s remuneration package there may be a performance-based component, 
consisting  of  key  performance  indicators  (KPI’s).  The  intention  of  this  program  is  to  facilitate  goal  congruence  between 
directors/executives with that of the business and shareholders. Where applicable, the KPI’s are set annually, with a certain 
level  of  consultation  with  directors/executives  to  ensure  buy-in.  The  measures  are  specifically  tailored  to  the  areas  each 
director/executive  is  involved  in  and  has  a  level  of  control  over.  The  KPI’s  target  areas  the  Board  believes  hold  greater 
potential for the consolidated entity expansion and profit, covering financial and non-financial as well as short-term and long-
term  goals.  The  level  set  for  each  KPI  is  based  on  budgeted  figures  for  the  consolidated  entity  and  respective  industry 
standards. 

9

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Directors' report
30 June 2023

Performance  in  relation  to  the  KPI’s  is  assessed  annually,  with  bonuses  being  awarded  depending  on  the  number  and 
deemed difficulty of the KPI’s achieved. Following the assessment, the KPI’s are reviewed by the Board in light of the desired 
and actual outcomes, and their efficiency is assessed in relation to the consolidated entity’s goals and shareholder wealth 
before the KPI’s are set for the following year.

In determining whether or not a KPI has been achieved, Rectifier Technologies Ltd bases the assessment on audited figures; 
however, where the KPI involves comparison of individual performance within the consolidated entity, management reports 
which form the foundation for the consolidated entity audited results are used.

Refer to the section 'Additional information' below for details of the earnings and total shareholders return for the last five 
years.

Use of remuneration consultants
During the financial year ended 30 June 2023, the consolidated entity, did not engage any remuneration consultants.

Voting and comments made at the Company's 30 June 2022 Annual General Meeting ('AGM')
At the 25 November 2022 AGM, 99.55% of the votes received supported the adoption of the remuneration report for the year 
ended 30 June 2022. The Company did not receive any specific feedback at the AGM regarding its remuneration practices.

Details of remuneration

Amounts of remuneration
Details of the remuneration of key management personnel of the consolidated entity are set out in the following tables.

The key management personnel of the consolidated entity consisted of the following directors of Rectifier Technologies Ltd:

Mr. Ying Ming Wang - Chairman – Non-Executive
Mr. Yanbin Wang - Director – Executive and Chief Executive Officer 
Mr. Valentino Vescovi - Director – Non-Executive
Mr. Nigel Machin - Director – Executive and Head of Power Engineering
Mr. Nicholas Yeoh - Director – Executive (appointed on 8 December 2022) and Director of Sales & Marketing

And the following persons:

Mr. David Xu - Chief Financial Officer – Rectifier Technologies Ltd (appointed on 7 December 2022)
Mr. Paul Davis - General Manager – Rectifier Technologies Pacific Pty Ltd (appointed on 7 December 2022)
Mr. Tan Uei Jou - Chief Manufacturing Officer – Rectifier Technologies (M) Sdn Bhd (appointed on 13 June 2023)
Mr. Seong Bow Lee - General Manager – Rectifier Technologies (M) Sdn Bhd (resigned on 9 June 2023)

10

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Directors' report
30 June 2023

2023

Non-Executive Directors:
Mr. Ying Ming Wang
Mr. Valentino Vescovi

Executive Directors:
Mr. Yanbin Wang
Mr. Nigel Machin
Mr. Nicholas Yeoh**

Other Key Management 
Personnel:
Mr. David Xu 
Mr. Paul Davis
Mr.Tan Uei Jou 
Mr. Seong Bow Lee

Short-term benefits

Post-
employment 
benefits

Long-term 
benefits

Cash salary
and fees
$

Cash
bonus*
$

Non-
monetary***
$

Super-
annuation
$

Long service
leave
$

Total
$

16,500
11,000

373,519
217,952
369,329

-
-

55,231
26,307
47,777

233,217
206,891
5,185
109,714
1,543,307

23,283
31,083
-
17,099
200,780

-
-

20,692
-
2,706

-
-
1,245
1,245
25,888

-
-

57,159
35,247
-

26,933
32,638
652
15,586
168,215

-
-

16,500
11,000

-
4,813
-

506,601
284,319
419,812

14,839
21,501
-
-
41,153

298,272
292,113
7,082
143,644
1,979,343

*

The cash bonuses were approved upon payment on 23 February 2023. The cash bonus is payable at the discretion of 
the board, equal to an amount of 5-10% of the total salary, subject to achievement of target profit.

** Mr. Nicholas Yeoh was appointed as Executive Director on 8 December 2022. Prior to that, he was already considered 

KMP in his role as Director of Sales & Marketing – Rectifier Technologies Singapore Pte Ltd.

*** The non-monetary benefits include accommodation, health insurances and allowances.

Short-term benefits

Post-
employment 
benefits

Long-term 
benefits

Cash salary
and fees
$

Cash
bonus*
$

Non-
monetary
$

Super-
annuation
$

Long service
leave
$

Total
$

16,500
11,000

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

16,500
11,000

320,500
205,449

20,950
8,352

20,233
-

45,648
30,980

-
6,374

407,331
251,155

179,920
96,390
312,281
1,142,040

7,322
8,093
25,663
70,380

-
1,246
2,096
23,575

26,374
12,827
-
115,829

5,577
-
-
11,951

219,193
118,556
340,040
1,363,775

2022

Non-Executive Directors:
Mr. Ying Ming Wang
Mr. Valentino Vescovi

Executive Directors:
Mr. Yanbin Wang
Mr. Nigel Machin

Other Key Management 
Personnel:
Mr. Paul Davis
Mr. Seong Bow Lee
Mr. Nicholas Yeoh

*

The cash bonus were approved upon payment on 25 February 2022. The cash bonus is payable at the discretion of the 
board, equal to an amount of 5-10% of the total salary, subject to achievement of target profit.

11

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Directors' report
30 June 2023

The proportion of remuneration linked to performance and the fixed proportion are as follows:

Name

Non-Executive Directors:
Mr. Ying Ming Wang
Mr. Valentino Vescovi

Executive Directors:
Mr. Yanbin Wang
Mr. Nigel Machin
Mr. Nicholas Yeoh

Other Key Management 
Personnel:
Mr. David Xu
Mr. Paul Davis
Mr.Tan Uei Jou
Mr. Seong Bow Lee

Fixed remuneration
2022
2023

Performance-based 
remuneration - STI
2022
2023

Performance-based 
remuneration - LTI
2022
2023

100.00% 
100.00% 

100.00% 
100.00% 

-
-

89.10% 
90.75% 
88.62% 

94.86% 
96.67% 
92.45% 

10.90% 
9.25% 
11.38% 

92.19% 
89.36% 
100.00% 
88.10% 

-
96.66% 
-
93.17% 

7.81% 
10.64% 
-
11.90% 

-
-

5.14% 
3.33% 
7.55% 

-
3.34% 
-
6.83% 

-
-

-
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-

-
-
-

-
-
-
-

Service agreements
The employment conditions of the CEO and specified executives are formalised in contracts of employment and all contracts 
require 4 weeks’ notice, with no termination payments specified other than employee entitlements.

Share-based compensation

Issue of shares
There were no shares issued to directors and other key management personnel as part of compensation during the year 
ended 30 June 2023.

Options
There  were  no  options  over  ordinary  shares  issued  to  directors  and  other  key  management  personnel  as  part  of 
compensation that were outstanding as at 30 June 2023.

There were no options over ordinary shares granted to or vested by directors and other key management personnel as part 
of compensation during the year ended 30 June 2023.

Additional information
The earnings of the consolidated entity for the five years to 30 June 2023 are summarised below:

2023
$

2022
$

2021
$

2020
$

2019
$

Revenue (Including discontinued operation)
Net Profit/(Loss) 

39,808,597
6,457,153

16,303,329
491,955

13,266,295
540,379

16,734,759
1,821,638

18,874,493
2,127,038

The factors that are considered to affect total shareholders return ('TSR') are summarised below:

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

Share price at financial year end (cents per 
share)
Changes Share price at financial year end 
(cents per share)
Total dividends paid (cents per share)

4.00

1.20
-

2.80

(1.00)
0.10

3.80

(0.80)
-

4.60

2.00
-

5.40

1.40
-

12

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Directors' report
30 June 2023

Additional disclosures relating to key management personnel

Shareholding
The number of shares in the Company held during the financial year by each director and other members of key management 
personnel of the consolidated entity, including their personally related parties, is set out below:

Balance at 
the start of 
the year

Received 
as part of 
remuneration

Additions

Disposals/ 
other

Balance at 
the end of 
the year

Ordinary shares
Mr. Ying Ming Wang*
Mr. Yanbin Wang
Mr. Valentino Vescovi
Mr. Nigel Machin
Mr. Nicholas Yeoh
Mr. David Xu
Mr. Paul Davis
Mr.Tan Uei Jou 
Mr. Seong Bow Lee (resigned on 9 June 
2023)**

224,643,616
70,000,000
37,040,000
22,010,000
20,500,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
-

2,767,550
385,961,166

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-

-
-
(600,000)
-
-
-
-
-

224,643,616
70,000,000
36,440,000
22,010,000
20,500,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
-

(2,767,550)
-
(3,367,550) 382,593,616

Mr. Ying Ming Wang indirectly hold ordinary shares through Pudu Investment (Australia) Pty Ltd.

*
** Mr.Seong Bow Lee disposals/other represents a member no longer being designated as a key management personnel 

and does not represent a disposal of holding.

Option holding
The  number  of  options  over  ordinary  shares  in  the  Company  held  during  the  financial  year  by  each  director  and  other 
members of key management personnel of the consolidated entity, including their personally related parties, is set out below:

Options over ordinary shares
Mr. Ying Ming Wang
Mr. Yanbin Wang
Mr. Valentino Vescovi
Mr. Nigel Machin
Mr. Nicholas Yeoh
Mr. David Xu
Mr. Paul Davis
Mr.Tan Uei Jou 
Mr. Seong Bow Lee (resigned on 9 June 2023)

Balance at 
the start of 
the year

-
-
-
1,800,000
3,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
-
3,000,000
12,800,000

Granted

Exercised

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

Expired/ 
forfeited/ 
other

Balance at 
the end of 
the year

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
(3,000,000)
(2,000,000)
(3,000,000)
-
(3,000,000)
(11,000,000)

-
-
-
1,800,000
-
-
-
-
-
1,800,000

This concludes the remuneration report, which has been audited.

Shares under option
Unissued ordinary shares of Rectifier Technologies Ltd under option at the date of this report are as follows:

Grant date

June 2003
November 2003

Expiry date

No expiry date
No expiry date

Exercise 
price

Number 
under option

$0.020 
$0.020 

480,000
8,360,000

8,840,000

13

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Directors' report
30 June 2023

No person entitled to exercise the options had or has any right by virtue of the option to participate in any share issue of the 
Company or of any other body corporate.

Shares issued on the exercise of options
The following ordinary shares of Rectifier Technologies Ltd were issued during the year ended 30 June 2023 and up to the 
date of this report on the exercise of options granted:

Date options granted

June 2003

Exercise 
price

Number of 
shares issued

$0.020 

4,000,000

Indemnity and insurance of officers or auditor
The Company has indemnified the directors and executives of the Company for costs incurred, in their capacity as a director 
or executive, for which they may be held personally liable, except where there is a lack of good faith.

During the financial year, the Company has paid premiums to insure each of the directors and officers against liabilities for 
costs  and  expenses  incurred  by them  in  defending any legal  proceedings arising out  of  their  conduct while  acting  in  the 
capacity of director or officer of the Company and of any related body corporate, other than conduct involving a wilful breach 
of duty in relation to the Company. The amount of the premium was $41,450 for all directors and officers

The  Company  has  not  otherwise,  during  or  since  the  end  of  the  financial  year,  except  to  the  extent  permitted  by  law, 
indemnified or agreed to indemnify an officer or auditor of the Company or of any related body corporate against a liability 
incurred as such an officer or an auditor. 

Proceedings on behalf of the Company
No person has applied to the Court under section 237 of the Corporations Act 2001 for leave to bring proceedings on behalf 
of the Company, or to intervene in any proceedings to which the Company is a party for the purpose of taking responsibility 
on behalf of the Company for all or part of those proceedings.

Non-audit services
There were no non-audit services provided during the financial year by the auditor.

Officers of the Company who are former partners of Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd
There are no officers of the Company who are former partners of Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd.

Auditor's independence declaration
A copy of the auditor's independence declaration as required under section 307C of the Corporations Act 2001 is set out 
immediately after this directors' report.

This report is made in accordance with a resolution of directors, pursuant to section 298(2)(a) of the Corporations Act 2001.

On behalf of the directors

___________________________
Mr. Yanbin Wang
Director

28 September 2023
Melbourne

14

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd 
Level 22 Tower 5 
Collins Square 
727 Collins Street 
Melbourne VIC 3008 
GPO Box 4736 
Melbourne VIC 3001 

T +61 3 8320 2222 

Auditor’s Independence Declaration 

To the Directors of Rectifier Technologies Limited 

In accordance with the requirements of section 307C of the Corporations Act 2001, as lead auditor for the audit 
of Rectifier Technologies Limited for the year ended 30 June 2023, I declare that, to the best of my knowledge 
and belief, there have been: 

a  no contraventions of the auditor independence requirements of the Corporations Act 2001 in relation to the 

audit; and 

b  no contraventions of any applicable code of professional conduct in relation to the audit. 

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd 
Chartered Accountants 

T S Jackman 
Partner – Audit & Assurance 

Melbourne, 28 September 2023 

www.grantthornton.com.au 
ACN-130 913 594 

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd ACN 130 913 594 a subsidiary or related entity of Grant Thornton Australia Limited ABN 41 127 556 389 ACN 127 556 389. 
‘Grant Thornton’ refers to the brand under which the Grant Thornton member firms provide assurance, tax and advisory services to their clients and/or 
refers to one or more member firms, as the context requires. Grant Thornton Australia Limited is a member firm of Grant Thornton International Ltd (GTIL). 
GTIL and the member firms are not a worldwide partnership. GTIL and each member firm is a separate legal entity. Services are delivered by the member 
firms. GTIL does not provide services to clients. GTIL and its member firms are not agents of, and do not obligate one another and are not liable for one 
another’s acts or omissions. In the Australian context only, the use of the term ‘Grant Thornton’ may refer to Grant Thornton Australia Limited ABN 41 127 
556 389 ACN 127 556 389 and its Australian subsidiaries and related entities. Liability limited by a scheme approved under Professional Standards 
Legislation. 

15

w 

 
Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income
For the year ended 30 June 2023

Revenue

Other income
Interest revenue 

Expenses
Changes in inventories of finished goods and work in progress
Raw materials and consumables used
Professional and compliance expense
Employee benefits expense
Subcontractor expense
Depreciation expense
Other expenses
Finance costs

Profit before income tax expense

Income tax expense

Consolidated

Note

2023
$

2022
$

5

6

7
7
7

8

39,428,363 

14,761,523 

279,677 
100,557 

1,535,954 
5,852 

8,412,399 
(24,036,255)
(1,000,624)
(8,784,246)
(1,676,953)
(747,061)
(3,061,341)
(215,977)

2,097,687 
(7,656,716)
(776,884)
(6,310,321)
(429,160)
(607,239)
(1,235,697)
(153,125)

8,698,539 

1,231,874 

(2,241,386)

(739,919)

Profit after income tax expense for the year attributable to the owners of 
Rectifier Technologies Ltd

6,457,153 

491,955 

Other comprehensive income

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss
Foreign currency translation

Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax

Total comprehensive income for the year attributable to the owners of 
Rectifier Technologies Ltd

111,670 

166,439 

111,670 

166,439 

6,568,823 

658,394 

Cents

Cents

Basic earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share

31
31

0.47
0.47

0.04
0.03

The above statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income should be read in conjunction with the 
accompanying notes
16

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Statement of financial position
As at 30 June 2023

Assets

Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Trade and other receivables
Inventories
Current tax assets
Total current assets

Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Right-of-use assets
Intangibles
Deferred tax assets
Total non-current assets

Total assets

Liabilities

Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
Contract liabilities
Borrowings
Lease liabilities
Current tax liabilities
Employee benefits
Provisions
Total current liabilities

Non-current liabilities
Contract liabilities
Borrowings
Lease liabilities
Deferred tax liabilities
Employee benefits
Total non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Equity
Issued capital
Reserves
Accumulated losses

Total equity

Consolidated

Note

2023
$

2022
$

9
10
11
8

12
13
14
8

15
16
17
18
8
19
20

16
17
18
8
19

6,348,867 
2,970,669 
18,448,667 
630,655 
28,398,858 

7,295,534 
2,910,217 
5,877,879 
734,150 
16,817,780 

5,292,905 
592,662 
104,772 
799,699 
6,790,038 

4,605,248 
886,673 
94,859 
524,993 
6,111,773 

35,188,896 

22,929,553 

7,277,466 
452,941 
952,229 
228,492 
2,296,033 
1,101,778 
214,737 
12,523,676 

442,353 
5,523,972 
423,835 
220,664 
50,866 
6,661,690 

5,549,921 
-  
1,122,142 
212,781 
795,256 
933,573 
-  
8,613,673 

-  
4,151,846 
457,534 
295,404 
56,389 
4,961,173 

19,185,366 

13,574,846 

16,003,530 

9,354,707 

21
22

40,072,575 
114,934 
(24,183,979)

39,992,575 
513,264 
(31,151,132)

16,003,530 

9,354,707 

The above statement of financial position should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes
17

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Statement of changes in equity
For the year ended 30 June 2023

Consolidated

Balance at 1 July 2021

Profit after income tax expense for the year
Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax

Total comprehensive income for the year

Transactions with owners in their capacity as owners:
Lapsed options transferred to accumulated losses

Issued 
capital
$

Reserves
$

Accumulated 
losses
$

Total equity
$

39,992,575

466,825

(31,763,087)

8,696,313

-
-

-

-

-
166,439

491,955
-

491,955
166,439

166,439

491,955

658,394

(120,000)

120,000

-

Balance at 30 June 2022

39,992,575

513,264

(31,151,132)

9,354,707

Consolidated

Balance at 1 July 2022

Profit after income tax expense for the year
Other comprehensive income for the year, net of tax

Total comprehensive income for the year

Transactions with owners in their capacity as owners:
Contributions of equity, net of transaction costs (note 21)
Lapsed options transferred to accumulated losses

Issued 
capital
$

Reserves
$

Accumulated 
losses
$

Total equity
$

39,992,575

513,264

(31,151,132)

9,354,707

-
-

-

-
111,670

6,457,153
-

6,457,153
111,670

111,670

6,457,153

6,568,823

80,000
-

-
(510,000)

-
510,000

80,000
-

Balance at 30 June 2023

40,072,575

114,934

(24,183,979)

16,003,530

The above statement of changes in equity should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes
18

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Statement of cash flows
For the year ended 30 June 2023

Cash flows from operating activities
Receipts from customers
Payments to suppliers and employees
Interest received
Finance costs
Income taxes refunded/(paid)

Consolidated

Note

2023
$

2022
$

42,350,085 
(42,141,752)
100,557 
(215,977)
(993,529)

16,257,817 
(17,230,486)
6,091 
(147,406)
387,984 

Net cash used in operating activities

32

(900,616)

(726,000)

Cash flows from investing activities
Payments for property, plant and equipment
Payments for intangibles

Net cash used in investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issue of shares
Proceeds from borrowings
Repayment of borrowings
Repayment of lease liabilities

Net cash from financing activities

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the financial year
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

14

21

(1,053,428)
(1,984)

(629,211)
-  

(1,055,412)

(629,211)

80,000 
9,230,085 
(8,027,872)
(252,931)

-  
3,000,000 
(389,096)
(317,318)

1,029,282 

2,293,586 

(926,746)
7,295,534 
(19,921)

938,375 
6,241,106 
116,053 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the financial year

9

6,348,867 

7,295,534 

The above statement of cash flows should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes
19

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 1. General information

The financial statements cover Rectifier Technologies Ltd as a consolidated entity consisting of Rectifier Technologies Ltd 
and the entities it controlled at the end of, or during, the year. The financial statements are presented in Australian dollars, 
which is Rectifier Technologies Ltd's functional and presentation currency.

Rectifier Technologies Ltd is a listed public company limited by shares, incorporated and domiciled in Australia. Its registered 
office and principal place of business is:

97 Highbury Road
Burwood, VIC 3125

A  description of  the  nature  of  the consolidated  entity's  operations and its  principal activities  are  included  in the  directors' 
report, which is not part of the financial statements.

The financial statements were authorised for issue, in accordance with a resolution of directors, on 28 September 2023. The 
directors have the power to amend and reissue the financial statements.

Note 2. Significant accounting policies

The principal accounting policies adopted in the preparation of the financial statements are set out below. These policies 
have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

New or amended Accounting Standards and Interpretations adopted
The consolidated  entity  has  adopted  all  of the  new  or amended  Accounting  Standards and  Interpretations  issued by  the 
Australian Accounting Standards Board ('AASB') that are mandatory for the current reporting period. The adoption of these 
Accounting Standards and Interpretations did not have any significant impact on the financial performance or position of the 
consolidated entity.

Any new or amended Accounting Standards or Interpretations that are not yet mandatory have not been early adopted.

Going concern
The financial report has been prepared on the basis of the Group continuing as a going concern, which assumes continuity 
of normal business activities and realisation of assets and the settlement of liabilities in the ordinary course of business.

Basis of preparation
These general purpose financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards and 
Interpretations issued by the Australian Accounting Standards Board ('AASB') and the Corporations Act 2001, as appropriate 
for for-profit oriented entities. These financial statements also comply with International Financial Reporting Standards as 
issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ('IASB').

Historical cost convention
The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention.

Critical accounting estimates
The  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  requires  the  use  of  certain  critical  accounting  estimates.  It  also  requires 
management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the consolidated entity's accounting policies. The areas 
involving  a  higher  degree  of  judgement  or  complexity,  or  areas  where  assumptions  and  estimates  are  significant  to  the 
financial statements, are disclosed in note 3.

Parent entity information
In accordance with the Corporations Act 2001, these financial statements present the results of the consolidated entity only. 
Supplementary information about the parent entity is disclosed in note 35.

Principles of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the assets and liabilities of all subsidiaries of Rectifier Technologies Ltd 
('Company' or 'parent entity') as at 30 June 2023 and the results of all subsidiaries for the year ended. Rectifier Technologies 
Ltd and its subsidiaries together are referred to in these financial statements as the 'consolidated entity'.

20

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Subsidiaries are all those entities over which the consolidated entity has control. The consolidated entity controls an entity 
when the consolidated entity is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the 
ability to affect those returns through its power to direct the activities of the entity. Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from 
the date on which control is transferred to the consolidated entity. They are de-consolidated from the date that control ceases.

Intercompany transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions between entities in the consolidated entity are 
eliminated. Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of the impairment of the asset 
transferred. Accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed where necessary to ensure consistency with the policies 
adopted by the consolidated entity.

The acquisition of subsidiaries is accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. A change in ownership interest, 
without  the  loss  of  control,  is  accounted  for  as  an  equity  transaction,  where  the  difference  between  the  consideration 
transferred and the book value of the share of the non-controlling interest acquired is recognised directly in equity attributable 
to the parent.

Where the consolidated entity loses control over a subsidiary, it derecognises the assets including goodwill, liabilities and 
non-controlling  interest  in  the  subsidiary  together  with  any  cumulative  translation  differences  recognised  in  equity.  The 
consolidated  entity  recognises  the  fair  value  of  the  consideration  received  and  the  fair  value  of  any  investment  retained 
together with any gain or loss in profit or loss.

Operating segments
Operating segments are presented using the 'management approach', where the information presented is on the same basis 
as the internal reports provided to the Chief Operating Decision Makers ('CODM'). The CODM is responsible for the allocation 
of resources to operating segments and assessing their performance.

Foreign currency translation
The financial statements are presented in Australian dollars, which is Rectifier Technologies Ltd's functional and presentation 
currency.

Foreign currency transactions
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the entity’s functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the 
dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from 
the translation at financial year-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are 
recognised in profit or loss.

Foreign operations
The assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated into Australian dollars using the exchange rates at the reporting 
date. The revenues and expenses of foreign operations are translated into Australian dollars using the average exchange 
rates, which approximate the rates at the dates of the transactions for the period. All resulting foreign exchange differences 
are recognised in other comprehensive income through the foreign currency reserve in equity.

The foreign currency reserve is recognised in profit or loss when the foreign operation or net investment is disposed of.

Revenue recognition
The consolidated entity recognises revenue as follows:

Revenue from contracts with customers
Revenue is recognised at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the consolidated entity is expected to be entitled 
in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer. For each contract with a customer, the consolidated entity: 
identifies the contract with a customer; identifies the performance obligations in the contract; determines the transaction price 
which takes into account estimates of variable consideration and the time value of money; allocates the transaction price to 
the separate performance obligations on the basis of the relative stand-alone selling price of each distinct good or service to 
be  delivered;  and  recognises  revenue  when  or  as  each  performance  obligation  is  satisfied  in  a  manner  that  depicts  the 
transfer to the customer of the goods or services promised.

21

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Variable consideration within the transaction price, if any, reflects concessions provided to the customer such as discounts, 
rebates and refunds, any potential bonuses receivable from the customer and any other contingent events. Such estimates 
are determined using either the 'expected value' or 'most likely amount' method. The measurement of variable consideration 
is subject to a constraining principle whereby revenue will only be recognised to the extent that it is highly probable that a 
significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will not occur. The measurement constraint continues 
until the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Amounts received that are subject 
to the constraining principle are recognised as a refund liability.

Sale of goods and after sales services
Revenue from the sale of power rectifiers is recognised at the point in time when the consolidated entity satisfies performance 
obligations by transferring the promised products, which is generally at the time of delivery and the revenue from related 
after-sales  services  is  recognised  over  time  as  customer  receives  and  consumes  the  benefits  of  the  after-sales  service 
provided.  Where  contract  includes  both  the  sale  of  the  power  rectifiers  and  after-sales  service,  the  transaction  price  is 
allocated to the separate performance obligations based on stand alone selling price.

The  consolidated  entity  recognises  contract  liabilities  for  consideration  received  in  respect  of  unsatisfied  performance 
obligations and reports these amounts as other liabilities in the statement of financial position. Similarly, if the consolidated 
entity  satisfies  a  performance  obligation  before  it  receives  the  consideration,  the  consolidated  entity  recognises  either  a 
contract asset or a receivable in its statement of financial position, depending on whether something other than the passage 
of time is required before the consideration is due.

Sale of extended warranties
Revenue from the sale of extended warranties is recognised over the coverage period, aligning with the timing of performance 
obligations.

Other income
Other income is recognised when it is received or when the right to receive payment is established.

The refundable research and development tax credit for eligible entities with turnover of less than $20 million ATO threshold 
per  annum  is  recognised  as  other  income  pursuant  to  AASB  120  'Accounting  for  Government  Grant  and  Disclosure  of 
Government Assistance'. The non-refundable research and development tax offset for eligible entities with turnover of more 
than $20 million ATO threshold per annum is recognised as an income tax benefit/offset from income tax expense pursuant 
to AASB 112 'Income Taxes'.

Interest
Interest revenue is recognised as interest accrued using the effective interest method. This is a method of calculating the 
amortised cost of a financial asset and allocating the interest income over the relevant period using the effective interest rate, 
which is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset to the 
net carrying amount of the financial asset.

Income tax
The income tax expense or benefit for the period is the tax payable on that period's taxable income based on the applicable 
income tax rate for each jurisdiction, adjusted by the changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities attributable to temporary 
differences, unused tax losses and the adjustment recognised for prior periods, where applicable.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognised for temporary differences at the tax rates expected to be applied when the 
assets are recovered or liabilities are settled, based on those tax rates that are enacted or substantively enacted, except for:
When the deferred income tax asset or liability arises from the initial recognition of goodwill or an asset or liability in a 
transaction that is not a business combination and that, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting nor 
taxable profits; or
When the taxable temporary difference is associated with interests in subsidiaries, associates or joint ventures, and the 
timing of the reversal can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable 
future.

Deferred tax assets are  recognised  for  deductible  temporary differences  and  unused tax  losses only if  it  is probable  that 
future taxable amounts will be available to utilise those temporary differences and losses.

22

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

The carrying amount of recognised and unrecognised deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date. Deferred tax 
assets recognised are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that future taxable profits will be available for the 
carrying amount to be recovered. Previously unrecognised deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable 
that there are future taxable profits available to recover the asset.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only where there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against 
current tax liabilities and deferred tax assets against deferred tax liabilities; and they relate to the same taxable authority on 
either the same taxable entity or different taxable entities which intend to settle simultaneously.

Rectifier  Technologies  Ltd  (the  'head  entity')  and  its  wholly-owned  Australian  subsidiaries  have  formed  an  income  tax 
consolidated group under the tax consolidation regime. The head entity and each subsidiary in the tax consolidated group 
continue to account for their own current and deferred tax amounts. The tax consolidated group has applied the 'separate 
taxpayer  within  group'  approach  in  determining  the  appropriate  amount  of  taxes  to  allocate  to  members  of  the  tax 
consolidated group.

In addition to its own current and deferred tax amounts, the head entity also recognises the current tax liabilities (or assets) 
and the deferred tax assets arising from unused tax losses and unused tax credits assumed from each subsidiary in the tax 
consolidated group.

Assets  or  liabilities  arising  under  tax  funding  agreements  with  the  tax  consolidated  entities  are  recognised  as  amounts 
receivable  from or payable  to  other entities in  the tax consolidated group.  The tax funding arrangement  ensures  that  the 
intercompany charge equals the current tax liability or benefit of each tax consolidated group member, resulting in neither a 
contribution by the head entity to the subsidiaries nor a distribution by the subsidiaries to the head entity.

Current and non-current classification
Assets and liabilities are presented in the statement of financial position based on current and non-current classification.

An  asset  is  classified  as  current  when:  it  is  either  expected  to  be  realised  or  intended  to  be  sold  or  consumed  in  the 
consolidated entity's normal operating cycle; it is held primarily for the purpose of trading; it is expected to be realised within 
12 months after the reporting period, or the asset is cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used 
to settle a liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period. All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is classified as current when: it is either expected to be settled in the consolidated entity's normal operating cycle; 
it is held primarily for the purpose of trading; it is due to be settled within 12 months after the reporting period, or there is no 
unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period. All other liabilities 
are classified as non-current.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are always classified as non-current.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash  equivalents  include cash on hand, deposits  held at call with  financial institutions, other  short-term,  highly 
liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and 
which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.

Trade and other receivables
Trade  receivables  are  initially  recognised  at  fair  value  and  subsequently  measured  at  amortised  cost  using  the  effective 
interest method, less any allowance for expected credit losses. Trade receivables are generally due for settlement within 30 
days.

Other receivables are recognised at amortised cost, less any allowance for expected credit losses.

Inventories
Raw materials, work in progress and finished goods are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value on a 'weighted 
average'  basis.  Cost  comprises  of  direct  materials  and  delivery  costs,  direct  labour,  import  duties  and  other  taxes,  an 
appropriate  proportion  of  variable  and  fixed  overhead  expenditure  based  on  normal  operating  capacity,  and,  where 
applicable, transfers from cash flow hedging reserves in equity. Costs of purchased inventory are determined after deducting 
rebates and discounts received or receivable.

23

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion 
and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale.

Property, plant and equipment
Freehold land is stated at historical cost and is not depreciated but is subject to impairment testing if there is any indication 
of impairment.

Building and plant and equipment are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment. Historical cost 
includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the items.

Depreciation is calculated on a  straight-line  basis  to write  off  the net  cost  of  each  item  of  property,  plant  and  equipment 
(excluding land) over their expected useful lives as follows:

Building
Leasehold improvement
Plant and equipment
Motor vehicle

50 years
10 years
2.5-5 years
5 years

The residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at each reporting date.

Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the unexpired period of the lease or the estimated useful life of the assets, 
whichever is shorter.

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when there is no future economic benefit to the 
consolidated entity. Gains and losses between the carrying amount and the disposal proceeds are taken to profit or loss.

Right-of-use assets
A right-of-use asset is recognised at the commencement date of a lease. The right-of-use asset is measured at cost, which 
comprises the initial amount  of  the  lease  liability, adjusted  for, as applicable,  any lease  payments  made at  or before the 
commencement date net of any lease incentives received, any initial direct costs incurred, and, except where included in the 
cost  of inventories,  an estimate of  costs expected to be  incurred  for dismantling and  removing  the underlying  asset,  and 
restoring the site or asset.

Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the unexpired period of the lease or the estimated useful 
life of the asset, whichever is shorter. Where the consolidated entity expects to obtain ownership of the leased asset at the 
end  of  the lease  term,  the  depreciation  is  over  its  estimated  useful  life.  Right-of-use  assets  are subject  to  impairment  or 
adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities.

The  consolidated  entity  has  elected  not  to  recognise  a  right-of-use  asset  and  corresponding  lease  liability  for  short-term 
leases with terms of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. Lease payments on these assets are expensed to 
profit or loss as incurred.

Intangible assets
Research and development
Research costs are expensed in the period in which they are incurred. Development costs are capitalised when: it is probable 
that the project will be a success considering its commercial and technical feasibility; the consolidated entity is able to use 
or sell the asset; the consolidated entity has sufficient resources and intent to complete the development; and its costs can 
be measured reliably. Capitalised development costs are amortised on a straight-line basis over the period of their expected 
benefit, being their finite life of 10 years.

Impairment of non-financial assets
Non-financial assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying 
amount  may not  be  recoverable.  An  impairment  loss is  recognised for  the amount  by which  the  asset's carrying  amount 
exceeds its recoverable amount.

24

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's fair value less costs of disposal and value-in-use. The value-in-use is the 
present value of the estimated future cash flows relating to the asset using a pre-tax discount rate specific to the asset or 
cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. Assets that do not have independent cash flows are grouped together to 
form a cash-generating unit.

Trade and other payables
Trade and other payables represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the consolidated entity prior to the end of 
the financial year and which are unpaid. Due to their short-term nature, they are measured at amortised cost and are not 
discounted. The amounts are unsecured and are usually paid within 30 days of recognition.

Contract liabilities
Contract  liabilities  represent  the  consolidated  entity's  obligation  to  transfer  goods  or  services  to  a  customer  and  are 
recognised  when  a  customer  pays  consideration,  or  when  the  consolidated  entity  recognises  a  receivable  to  reflect  its 
unconditional right to consideration (whichever is earlier) before the consolidated entity has transferred the goods or services 
to the customer.

Borrowings
Loans and borrowings are initially recognised at the fair value of the consideration received, net of transaction costs. They 
are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Lease liabilities
A lease liability is recognised at the commencement date of a lease. The lease liability is initially recognised at the present 
value of the lease payments to be made over the term of the lease, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, 
if that rate cannot be readily determined, the consolidated entity's incremental borrowing rate. Lease payments comprise of 
fixed payments less any lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, amounts 
expected to be paid under residual value guarantees, exercise price of a purchase option when the exercise of the option is 
reasonably certain to occur, and any anticipated termination penalties. The variable lease payments that do not depend on 
an index or a rate are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

Lease liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The carrying amounts are remeasured 
if  there  is  a  change  in  the  following:  future  lease  payments  arising  from  a  change  in  an  index  or  a  rate  used;  residual 
guarantee; lease term; the certainty of a purchase option and termination penalties. When a lease liability is remeasured, an 
adjustment is made to the corresponding right-of use asset, or to profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset 
is fully written down.

Finance costs
Finance costs attributable to qualifying assets are capitalised as part of the asset. All other finance costs are expensed in 
the period in which they are incurred.

Provisions
Provisions are recognised when the consolidated entity has a present (legal or constructive) obligation as a result of a past 
event, it is probable the consolidated entity will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of 
the amount of the  obligation. The amount recognised as a provision is the best  estimate of the consideration required to 
settle the present obligation at the reporting date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. 
If  the time  value  of  money is material, provisions are discounted  using  a  current  pre-tax  rate specific  to  the liability. The 
increase in the provision resulting from the passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.

Employee benefits

Short-term employee benefits
Liabilities  for  wages  and  salaries,  including  non-monetary  benefits,  annual  leave  and  long  service  leave  expected  to  be 
settled wholly within 12 months of the reporting date are measured at the amounts expected to be paid when the liabilities 
are settled.

25

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Other long-term employee benefits
The liability for annual leave and long service leave not expected to be settled within 12 months of the reporting date are 
measured at the present value of expected future payments to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to 
the reporting date. Consideration is given to expected future wage and salary levels, the experience of employee departures 
and periods of service. Expected future payments are discounted using market yields at the reporting date on high-quality 
corporate bonds with terms to maturity and currency that match, as closely as possible, the estimated future cash outflows.

Defined contribution superannuation expense
Contributions to defined contribution superannuation plans are expensed in the period in which they are incurred.

Share-based payments
Equity-settled share-based compensation benefits are provided to employees.

Equity-settled transactions are awards of shares, or options over shares, that are provided to employees in exchange for the 
rendering of services.

The cost of equity-settled transactions are measured at fair value on grant date. Fair value is independently determined using 
the Black-Scholes option pricing model that takes into account the exercise price, the term of the option, the impact of dilution, 
the share price at grant date and expected price volatility of the underlying share, the expected dividend yield and the risk 
free  interest  rate  for  the  term  of  the  option,  together  with  non-vesting  conditions  that  do  not  determine  whether  the 
consolidated entity receives the services that entitle the employees to receive payment. No account is taken of any other 
vesting conditions.

The cost of equity-settled transactions are recognised as an expense with a corresponding increase in equity at the vesting 
date which is at the grant date. The cumulative charge to profit or loss is calculated based on the grant date fair value of the 
award, the best estimate of the number of awards that are likely to vest and the expired portion of the vesting period. The 
amount recognised in profit or loss for the period is the cumulative amount calculated at each reporting date less amounts 
already recognised in previous periods.

If equity-settled awards are modified, as a minimum an expense is recognised as if the modification has not been made. An 
additional expense is recognised, over the remaining vesting period, for any modification that increases the total fair value 
of the share-based compensation benefit as at the date of modification.

If the non-vesting condition is within the control of the consolidated entity or employee, the failure to satisfy the condition is 
treated as a cancellation. If the condition is not within the control of the consolidated entity or employee and is not satisfied 
during the vesting period, any remaining expense for the award is recognised over the remaining vesting period, unless the 
award is forfeited.

If equity-settled awards are cancelled, it is treated as if it has vested on the date of cancellation, and any remaining expense 
is recognised immediately. If a new replacement award is substituted for the cancelled award, the cancelled and new award 
is treated as if they were a modification.

Issued capital
Ordinary shares are classified as equity.

Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of new shares or options are shown in equity as a deduction, net of tax, 
from the proceeds.

Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing the profit attributable to the owners of Rectifier Technologies Ltd, excluding 
any costs of servicing equity other than ordinary shares, by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding 
during the financial year, adjusted for bonus elements in ordinary shares issued during the financial year.

26

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 2. Significant accounting policies (continued)

Diluted earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share adjusts the figures used in the determination of basic earnings per share to take into account the 
after income tax effect of interest and other financing costs associated with dilutive potential ordinary shares and the weighted 
average number of additional ordinary shares that would have been outstanding assuming conversion of all dilutive potential 
ordinary shares.

Goods and Services Tax ('GST') and other similar taxes
Revenues,  expenses and  assets are  recognised net  of  the amount  of  associated  GST,  unless the  GST incurred  are  not 
recoverable from the tax authority. In this case, it is recognised as part of the cost of the acquisition of the asset or as part of 
the expense.

Receivables  and  payables  are  stated  inclusive  of  the  amount  of  GST  receivable  or  payable.  The  net  amount  of  GST 
recoverable  from,  or  payable  to,  the  tax  authority  is  included  in  other  receivables  or  other  payables  in  the  statement  of 
financial position.

Cash flows are presented on a gross basis. The GST components of cash flows arising from investing or financing activities 
which are recoverable from, or payable to the tax authority, are presented as operating cash flows.

Commitments and contingencies are disclosed net of the amount of GST recoverable from, or payable to, the tax authority.

New Accounting Standards and Interpretations not yet mandatory or early adopted
Australian Accounting Standards and Interpretations that have recently been issued or amended but are not yet mandatory, 
have not been early adopted by the consolidated entity for the annual reporting period ended 30 June 2023. The consolidated 
entity has not yet assessed the impact of these new or amended Accounting Standards and Interpretations.

Note 3. Critical accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions

The  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  requires  management  to  make  judgements,  estimates  and  assumptions  that 
affect the reported amounts in the financial statements. Management continually evaluates its judgements and estimates in 
relation to assets, liabilities, contingent liabilities, revenue and expenses. Management bases its judgements, estimates and 
assumptions on  historical  experience  and on  other  various factors,  including  expectations  of  future  events,  management 
believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. The resulting accounting judgements and estimates will seldom equal 
the  related  actual  results.  The  judgements,  estimates  and  assumptions  that  have  a  significant  risk  of  causing  a  material 
adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities (refer to the respective notes) within the next financial year are 
discussed below.

Provision for impairment of inventories
The provision  for impairment  of  inventories assessment  requires  a  degree  of  estimation and judgement. The  level of the 
provision is assessed by taking into account the recent sales experience, the ageing of inventories and other factors that 
affect inventory obsolescence.

R & D tax rebate
The consolidated entity has recognised the R&D rebate on an accrual basis. As the return has not yet been submitted, the 
consolidated entity has made an estimate of the likely refund amount based on the of eligible research and development 
expenditure incurred in relation to the identified research and development activities associated with the R&D application as 
at the reporting date. 

Income tax
The consolidated entity is subject to income taxes in the jurisdictions in which it operates. Significant judgement is required 
in determining the provision for income tax. There are many transactions and calculations undertaken during the ordinary 
course  of business  for  which the  ultimate  tax determination  is uncertain.  The  consolidated entity  recognises  liabilities  for 
anticipated  tax  audit  issues  based  on  the  consolidated  entity's  current  understanding  of  the  tax  law.  Where  the  final  tax 
outcome of these matters is different from the carrying amounts, such differences will impact the current and deferred tax 
provisions in the period in which such determination is made.

27

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 3. Critical accounting judgements, estimates and assumptions (continued)

Warranty provision
In determining the level of provision required for warranties the consolidated entity has made judgements in respect of the 
expected performance of the products, the number of customers who will actually claim under the warranty and how often, 
and the costs of fulfilling the conditions of the warranty. The provision is based on estimates made from historical warranty 
data associated with similar products and services.

Note 4. Operating segments

Identification of reportable operating segments
The consolidated entity is organised into 4 operating segments as described below. These operating segments are based 
on the internal reports that are reviewed and used by the executive management committee (who are identified as the Chief 
Operating  Decision  Makers  ('CODM'))  in  assessing  performance  and  in  determining  the  allocation  of  resources.  The 
executive management committee considers the business from both a product and geographic perspective and assesses 
performance and allocates resources on this basis. There is no aggregation of operating segments.

Segment

Description

Electronic Components

Industrial Power Supplies 
(Electricity generation/
distribution and Defence) 
('E&D')
Industrial Power Supplies 
(Transport and 
Telecommunication) ('T&T')

Industrial Power Supplies 
(Electric vehicles) ('EV')

Under this segment, Rectifier Technologies Pacific Pty Ltd and Rectifier Technologies 
Malaysia Sdn Bhd which is based in Malaysia manufacture electronic components for a 
number of industries.
Under this segment, Rectifier Technologies Pacific Pty Ltd and Rectifier Technologies 
Malaysia Sdn Bhd manufacture and distribute rectifiers, controllers, accessories and 
complete systems for the power generation, distribution industries and defence. Rectifier 
Technologies Singapore Pte Ltd only focuses on distribution.
Under this segment, Rectifier Technologies Pacific Pty Ltd and Rectifier Technologies 
Malaysia Sdn Bhd manufacture and distribute power supplies for the transport industries 
and telecommunications. Rectifier Technologies Singapore Pte Ltd only focuses on 
distribution.
Under this segment, Rectifier Technologies Pacific Pty Ltd, Rectifier Technologies 
Singapore Pte Ltd and Rectifier Technologies Malaysia Sdn Bhd manufacture and distribute 
electric vehicle charges, battery charges and power supplies for a number of industries. 
Rectifier Technologies Singapore Pte Ltd only focuses on distribution.

The CODM reviews earnings  before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation ('EBITDA'). This  measure  excludes non-
operating expenditures such as restructuring costs, impairments and share-based payments as well as interest revenue and 
other  items  which  are  considered  part  of  the  corporate  treasury  function.  The  accounting  policies  adopted  for  internal 
reporting to the CODM are consistent with those adopted in the financial statements.

The information reported to the CODM is on a monthly basis.

Intersegment transactions
Intersegment transactions were made at market rates. Inter-segment revenue comprises sales between segments which are 
on arm's length terms. Intersegment transactions are eliminated on consolidation.

Intersegment receivables, payables and loans
Intersegment loans are initially recognised at the consideration received. Intersegment loans receivable and loans payable 
that earn or incur non-market interest are not adjusted to fair value based on market interest rates. Intersegment loans are 
eliminated on consolidation.

Major customers
During  the year ended 30 June  2023,  the revenue of  $16,992,761  was derived from one  Australian customer which was 
allocated to the Industrial Power Supplies (EV) segment (2022: $11,507,584 derived from two Australian customers which 
are allocated to the Industrial Power Supplies (EV) and Industrial Power Supplies (E&D) segments). Revenue of $12,149,612 
(2022:  $1,482,138) was  derived from a single customer  in  Portugal  allocated  to  Industrial Power Supplies (EV) segment 
(2022: single customer in Singapore under the Industrial Power Supplies (E&D) segment).

28

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 4. Operating segments (continued)

Operating segment information

Consolidated - 2023

Revenue
Sales to external customers
Intersegment sales
Total revenue

EBITDA
Depreciation and amortisation
Finance costs
Profit/(loss) before income 
tax expense
Income tax expense
Profit after income tax 
expense

Assets
Segment assets
Total assets

Liabilities
Segment liabilities
Total liabilities

Electronic 
components
$

Industrial 
power 
supplies 
(E&D)
$

Industrial 
power 
supplies 
(T&T)
$

Industrial 
power 
supplies (EV)
$

Eliminations/ 
Corporate
$

Total
$

218,801
33,027
251,828

5,119,722
1,853,333
6,973,055

1,629,986
783,372
2,413,358

32,800,566
21,193,139
53,993,705

-
(23,862,871)
(23,862,871)

39,769,075
-
39,769,075

61,103
(374,351)
(106,888)

1,430,682
(50,058)
(7,596)

455,202
(5,649)
(656)

9,166,281
(315,534)
(45,878)

(1,451,690)
(1,470)
(54,959)

9,661,578
(747,062)
(215,977)

(420,136)

1,373,028

448,897

8,804,869

(1,508,119)

225,281

5,271,343

1,678,258

33,771,962

(5,757,948)

135,044

3,159,888

1,006,026

20,244,479

(5,360,070)

8,698,539
(2,241,386)

6,457,153

35,188,896
35,188,896

19,185,367
19,185,367

29

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 4. Operating segments (continued)

Consolidated - 2022

Revenue
Sales to external customers
Intersegment sales
Total revenue

EBITDA
Depreciation and amortisation
Finance costs
Profit/(loss) before income 
tax expense
Income tax expense
Profit after income tax 
expense

Assets
Segment assets
Total assets

Liabilities
Segment liabilities
Total liabilities

Geographical information

Australia
Asia
North America
South America
Europe
Oceania

Electronic 
components
$

Industrial 
power 
supplies 
(E&D)
$

Industrial 
power 
supplies 
(T&T)
$

Industrial 
power 
supplies (EV)
$

Eliminations/ 
Corporate
$

Total
$

209,004
28,241
237,245

3,305,291
1,629,441
4,934,732

622,739
398,885
1,021,624

10,810,151
8,608,629
19,418,780

-
(10,665,196)
(10,665,196)

14,947,185
-
14,947,185

10,681
(305,349)
(172,100)

168,920
(54,555)
(5,963)

31,826
(8,285)
(765)

552,465
(239,050)
(30,397)

1,228,346
-
56,100

(466,768)

108,402

22,776

283,018

1,284,446

351,462

5,558,200

1,047,201

18,178,424

(2,205,734)

222,148

3,513,169

661,904

11,490,028

(2,312,403)

1,992,238
(607,239)
(153,125)

1,231,874
(739,919)

491,955

22,929,553
22,929,553

13,574,846
13,574,846

Sales to external customers

Geographical non-current 
assets

2023
$

2022
$

2023
$

2022
$

19,738,655
2,219,527
4,721,166
64,278
12,684,737
-

12,218,517
1,643,041
553,077
17,353
303,920
25,615

844,325
5,036,298
-
-
-
-

986,901
4,505,020
-
-
-
-

39,428,363

14,761,523

5,880,623

5,491,921

The geographical non-current assets above are exclusive of, where applicable, financial instruments, deferred tax assets, 
post-employment benefits assets and rights under insurance contracts.

30

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 5. Revenue

Sale of goods
After sales services

Revenue

Disaggregation of revenue
The disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers is as follows:

Geographical regions
Australia
Asia
North America
South America
Europe
Oceania

Timing of revenue recognition
Goods transferred at a point in time
Services transferred over time

Note 6. Other income

Research and development tax rebate*
Government grants
Net foreign exchange gain
Other

Other income

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

39,385,193 
43,170 

14,626,210 
135,313 

39,428,363 

14,761,523 

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

19,738,655 
2,219,527 
4,721,166 
64,278 
12,684,737 
-  

12,218,517 
1,643,041 
553,077 
17,353 
303,920 
25,615 

39,428,363 

14,761,523 

39,385,193 
43,170 

14,626,210 
135,313 

39,428,363 

14,761,523 

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

-  
222,726 
-  
56,951 

1,055,657 
38,851 
392,791 
48,655 

279,677 

1,535,954 

*

During the 30 June 2023 financial year, the consolidated entity has exceeded the $20 million ATO threshold to claim 
the  refundable  research  and  development  tax  credit,  the  non-refundable  research  and  development  tax  credits  is 
recognised as an income tax benefit/offset from income tax expense (note 8).

31

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

8,948 
23,627 
478,567 
2,515 
207,964 
16,959 
6,040 

8,801 
30,113 
316,386 
2,284 
164,106 
72,855 
12,694 

744,620 

607,239 

2,441 

-  

747,061 

607,239 

177,746 
38,231 

104,930 
48,195 

215,977 

153,125 

798,005 

609,388 

567,537 
627,711 
382,318 
745,490 
738,285 

346,926 
297,500 
375,873 
-  
215,398 

3,061,341 

1,235,697 

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 7. Expenses

Profit before income tax includes the following specific expenses:

Depreciation
Building
Leasehold improvement
Plant and equipment
Motor vehicle
Building right-of-use assets
Plant and equipment right-of-use assets
Motor vehicle right-of-use assets

Total depreciation

Amortisation
Software

Total depreciation and amortisation

Finance costs
Interest and finance charges paid/payable on borrowings
Interest and finance charges paid/payable on lease liabilities

Finance costs expensed

Superannuation expense
Defined contribution superannuation expense

Other expenses
Premise expense
Handling and forwarding expense
Research and development expense
Foreign exchange loss
Other

32

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 8. Income tax

Income tax expense
Current tax
Deferred tax - origination and reversal of temporary differences

Aggregate income tax expense

Numerical reconciliation of income tax expense and tax at the statutory rate
Profit before income tax expense

Tax at the statutory tax rate of 25%

Tax effect amounts which are not deductible/(taxable) in calculating taxable income:

Research and development expenditures
Controlled foreign company attributed income
Other non-allowable items
Tax losses
Foreign tax offset 
Other non-assessable items
Research and development tax offset*

Difference in overseas tax rates

Income tax expense

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

2,590,832 
(349,446)

776,974 
(37,055)

2,241,386 

739,919 

8,698,539 

1,231,874 

2,174,635 

307,969 

846,529 
-  
877,849 
(36,956)
-  
(143,671)
(1,283,761)

6,826 
595,198 
195,127 
-  
55,022 
(420,223)
-  

2,434,625 
(193,239)

739,919 
-  

2,241,386 

739,919 

*

During the 30 June 2023 financial year, the consolidated entity has exceeded the $20 million ATO threshold to claim 
the  refundable  research  and  development  tax  credit,  the  non-refundable  research  and  development  tax  credits  is 
recognised as an income tax benefit/offset from income tax expense.

Tax losses not recognised
Unused tax losses for which no deferred tax asset has been recognised

Potential tax benefit at statutory tax rates

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

18,409,592 

18,409,592 

4,602,398 

4,602,398 

The above potential tax benefit for tax losses has not been recognised in the statement of financial position as tax losses are 
related to prior years' capital losses and can only be offset against future capital gains. These tax losses can only be utilised 
in the future if the continuity of ownership test is passed, or failing that, the same business test is passed.

33

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 8. Income tax (continued)

Net deferred tax assets
Net deferred tax assets comprises temporary differences attributable to:

Employee benefits
Accrued expenses
Inventories
Unrealised foreign exchange losses
Property, plant and equipment

Deferred tax asset

Movements:
Opening balance
Credited to profit or loss

Closing balance

Current tax assets
Current tax assets

Current tax liabilities
Current tax liabilities

Note 9. Cash and cash equivalents

Current assets
Cash at bank

34

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

233,115 
107,737 
476,225 
65,382 
(303,424)

201,832 
87,407 
146,133 
(54,626)
(151,157)

579,035 

229,589 

229,589 
349,446 

192,534 
37,055 

579,035 

229,589 

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

630,655 

734,150 

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

2,296,033 

795,256 

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

6,348,867 

7,295,534 

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 10. Trade and other receivables

Current assets
Trade receivables 

Other receivables

Research and development tax incentives
Prepayments

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

2,208,614 

891,338 

80,786 

46,687 

-
681,269 
681,269 

1,035,645
936,547
1,972,192 

2,970,669 

2,910,217 

Allowance for expected credit losses
The consolidated entity has recognised a loss of $nil (2022: $nil) in profit or loss in respect of the expected credit losses for 
the year ended 30 June 2023.

The ageing of the receivables and allowance for expected credit losses provided for above are as follows:

Consolidated

Not overdue
0 to 3 months overdue
Over 3 months overdue

Carrying amount
2022
2023
$
$

367,473
1,825,797
15,344

868,229
9,900
13,209

2,208,614

891,338

Payment terms on receivables past due but not considered impaired have not been re-negotiated. The consolidated entity 
has been in direct contact with the relevant customers and are reasonably satisfied that payment will be received in full. The 
consolidated entity estimate of impairment losses is based on the expected credit loss.

Note 11. Inventories

Current assets
Raw materials 
Work in progress
Finished goods 

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

7,733,327 
3,902,940 
6,812,400 

3,574,937 
1,166,895 
1,136,047 

18,448,667 

5,877,879 

Inventories are recognised net of a provision for obsolescence of $754,168 (2022: $702,984) as at 30 June 2023.

35

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 12. Property, plant and equipment

Non-current assets
Land - at cost

Buildings - at cost
Less: Accumulated depreciation

Leasehold improvements - at cost
Less: Accumulated depreciation

Plant and equipment - at cost
Less: Accumulated depreciation

Motor vehicles - at cost
Less: Accumulated depreciation

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

2,159,790 

2,207,392 

434,809 
(44,304)
390,505 

235,873 
(123,113)
112,760 

444,392 
(36,393)
407,999 

235,873 
(99,486)
136,387 

4,253,448 
(1,624,163)
2,629,285 

3,655,901 
(1,805,507)
1,850,394 

129,635 
(129,070)
565 

132,494 
(129,418)
3,076 

5,292,905 

4,605,248 

Reconciliations
Reconciliations of the written down values at the beginning and end of the current and previous financial year are set out 
below:

Consolidated

Balance at 1 July 2021
Additions
Disposals
Exchange differences
Transfer from ROUA
Depreciation expense

Balance at 30 June 2022
Additions
Disposals
Exchange differences
Transfer from ROUA
Depreciation expense

Land
$

Building
$

Leasehold 
improvement
$

Plant and 
equipment Motor vehicle

$

$

Total
$

2,146,230
-
-
61,162
-
-

2,207,392
-
-
(47,602)
-
-

405,337
11,465
-
-
-
(8,801)

408,001
-
-
(8,548)
-
(8,948)

147,043
19,540
(83)
-
-
(30,113)

136,387
-
-
-
-
(23,627)

1,466,936
574,423
(48,060)
44,772
128,708
(316,386)

1,850,393
1,053,428
(31,946)
(51,463)
287,440
(478,567)

5,045
-
-
122
192
(2,284)

3,075
-
-
5
-
(2,515)

4,170,591
605,428
(48,143)
106,056
128,900
(357,584)

4,605,248
1,053,428
(31,946)
(107,608)
287,440
(513,657)

Balance at 30 June 2023

2,159,790

390,505

112,760

2,629,285

565

5,292,905

36

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 13. Right-of-use assets

Non-current assets
Land and buildings - right-of-use
Plant and equipment - right-of-use
Motor vehicles - right-of-use

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

591,412 
-  
1,250 

564,576 
314,808 
7,289 

592,662 

886,673 

The consolidated entity leases land and buildings for its offices and staff accommodations and plant and equipment under 
agreements of between 3 to 5 years with, in some cases, options to extend. The leases have various escalation clauses. On 
renewal, the terms of the leases are renegotiated.

Reconciliations
Reconciliations of the written down values at the beginning and end of the current and previous financial year are set out 
below:

Consolidated

Balance at 1 July 2021
Additions
Exchange differences
Transfer to PPE
Depreciation expense

Balance at 30 June 2022
Additions
Exchange differences
Transfer to PPE
Depreciation expense

Balance at 30 June 2023

Building
$

Plant and 
equipment Motor vehicle

$

$

Total
$

632,317
100,525
(4,160)
-
(164,106)

564,576
234,943
(143)
-
(207,964)

502,760
-
13,611
(128,708)
(72,855)

314,808
-
(38)
(297,811)
(16,959)

19,737
-
438
(192)
(12,694)

7,289
-
1
-
(6,040)

1,154,814
100,525
9,889
(128,900)
(249,655)

886,673
234,943
(180)
(297,811)
(230,963)

591,412

-

1,250

592,662

For other lease disclosures refer to:

note 7 for interest on lease liabilities
note 18 for lease liabilities; and
consolidated statement of cash flows for repayment of lease liabilities.

Note 14. Intangibles

Non-current assets
Development - at cost

Software - at cost
Less: Accumulated amortisation

37

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

94,859 

94,859 

12,354 
(2,441)
9,913 

-  
-  
-  

104,772 

94,859 

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 14. Intangibles (continued)

Reconciliations
Reconciliations of the written down values at the beginning and end of the current and previous financial year are set out 
below:

Consolidated

Balance at 1 July 2021
Additions
Research and development rebate

Balance at 30 June 2022
Additions
Transfers in/(out)
Amortisation expense

Balance at 30 June 2023

Note 15. Trade and other payables

Current liabilities
Trade payables
Sundry creditors and accrued expenses

Refer to note 24 for further information on financial instruments.

Note 16. Contract liabilities

Current liabilities
Contract liabilities

Non-current liabilities
Contract liabilities

Reconciliation
Reconciliation of the written down values at the beginning and end of the current and 
previous financial year are set out below:

Opening balance
Payments received in advance
Transfer to revenue 

Closing balance

38

Development 
cost
$

Software
$

Total
$

106,048
61,844
(73,033)

94,859
-
-
-

94,859

-
-
-

-
1,984
10,370
(2,441)

106,048
61,844
(73,033)

94,859
1,984
10,370
(2,441)

9,913

104,772

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

6,027,001 
1,250,465 

4,463,965 
1,085,956 

7,277,466 

5,549,921 

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

452,941 

442,353 

895,294 

-  
895,294 
-  

895,294 

-  

-  

-  

-  
-  
-  

-  

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 16. Contract liabilities (continued)

Unsatisfied performance obligations
The aggregate  amount of the transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are  unsatisfied in relation to 
extended warranties at the end of the reporting period was $895,294 as at 30 June 2023 ($nil as at 30 June 2022) and is 
expected to be recognised as revenue in future periods as follows:

Within 12 months
12 to 24 months

Note 17. Borrowings

Current liabilities
Bank loans

Non-current liabilities
Bank loans

Refer to note 24 for further information on financial instruments.

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

452,941 
442,353 

895,294 

-  
-  

-  

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

952,229 

1,122,142 

5,523,972 

4,151,846 

6,476,201 

5,273,988 

39

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 17. Borrowings (continued)

The bank loans consist of the following:

(i) A loan of MYR 5,460,000 (AUD 1,629,851) from Public Bank Berhad. The term of the loan is 20 years, and the loan 
interest is calculated using the Base Lending Rate (Variable Rate) less a discount of 2.20% at the bank’s discretion 
from  time  to  time.  The  monthly  repayment  includes  the  payment  of  loan  principal  and  interest.  The  first  monthly 
instalment commenced on 1 May 2017, subsequent instalments are to be paid on or before the 1st of each calendar 
month and total repayments are 240 instalments in 240 months. The carrying amount of the loan was MYR 4,408,557 
(AUD 1,421,107) as at 30 June 2023 (2022: MYR 4,648,453 (AUD 1,531,464)).

(ii) A loan of MYR 2,730,000 (AUD929,393) from Public Bank Berhad. The term of the loan is 20 years, and the loan interest 
is calculated using the Base Lending Rate (Variable Rate) less a discount of 2.20% at the bank’s discretion from time 
to  time.  The  monthly  repayment  includes  the  payment  of  loan  principal  and  interest.  The  first  monthly  instalment 
commenced on 1 December 2019, subsequent instalments are to be paid on or before the 1st of each calendar month 
and total repayments are 240 instalments in 240 months. The carrying amount of the loan was MYR 2,439,670 (AUD 
786,432) as 

 June 2023 (2022: MYR 2,552,538 (AUD 840,951))

(iii) A loan of MYR 498,800 (AUD 159,780) from Public Bank Berhad. The term of the loan is 10 years, and the loan interest 
is calculated using the Base Lending Rate (Variable Rate) less a discount of 2% at the bank’s discretion from time to 
time.  The  monthly  repayment  includes  the  payment  of  loan  principal  and  interest.  The  first  monthly  instalment 
commenced on 1 October 2020, subsequent instalments are to be paid on or before the 1st of each calendar month 
and  total  repayments  are  120  instalments  in  120  months.  The  carrying  amount  of  the  loan  was  MYR  385,631 
(AUD124,309) as 

 June 2023 (2022: MYR 428,740 (AUD141,252)).

(iv) A  loan  of  AUD  3,000,000  from  ANZ.  The  term  of  the  loan  is  3  years,  and  the  loan  interest  is  calculated  using  the 
Business Mortgage Index rate (Variable Rate) less a margin of 3.75% at the bank’s discretion from time to time. The 
monthly repayment includes the payment of loan principal and interest. The first monthly instalment commenced on 30 
April 2022, subsequent instalments are to be paid on or before the 1st of each calendar month and total repayments 
are 36 instalments in 36 months. The carrying amount of the loan was $nil as it was fully paid as of 30 June 2023 (2022: 
AUD 2,760,321).

(v) A loan of AUD 2,000,000 from WBC. The term of the loan is 5 years, with a variable interest rate of 7.38%. The carrying 

amount of the loan was AUD 1,655,445 as of 30 June 2023 (2022: $nil).

(vi) A loan of AUD 3,000,000 from WBC. The term of the loan is 5 years, with a variable interest rate of 7.38%. The carrying 

amount of the loan was AUD 2,488,907 as of 30 June 2023 (2022: $nil).

Note 18. Lease liabilities

Current liabilities
Lease liability

Non-current liabilities
Lease liability

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

228,492 

212,781 

423,835 

457,534 

652,327 

670,315 

40

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 18. Lease liabilities (continued)

Future minimum lease payments at 30 June were as follows:

2023
Lease Payments
Finance Charges

2022
Lease Payments
Finance Charges

Note 19. Employee benefits

Current liabilities
Annual leave
Long service leave

Non-current liabilities
Long service leave

Note 20. Provisions

Current liabilities
Warranties

Less than 1 
year
$

1 – 5 years
$

> 5 years
$

Total
$

258,748
(30,256)
228,492

448,428
(24,593)
423,835

244,812
(32,031)
212,781

499,855
(42,321)
457,534

-
-
-

-
-
-

707,176
(54,849)
652,327

744,667
(74,352)
670,315

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

795,265 
306,513 

636,605 
296,968 

1,101,778 

933,573 

50,866 

56,389 

1,152,644 

989,962 

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

214,737 

-  

Warranties
The  provision  represents  the  estimated  warranty  claims  in  respect  of  products  sold  which  are  still  under  warranty  at  the 
reporting date. The provision is estimated based on historical warranty claim information, sales levels and any recent trends 
that may suggest future claims could differ from historical amounts.

41

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 20. Provisions (continued)

Movements in provisions
Movements in each class of provision during the current financial year, other than employee benefits, are set out below:

Consolidated - 2023

Carrying amount at the start of the year
Additional provisions recognised
Exchange differences

Carrying amount at the end of the year

Note 21. Issued capital

Warranties
$

-
220,928
(6,191)

214,737

Consolidated

2023
Shares

2022
Shares

2023
$

2022
$

Ordinary shares - fully paid

1,379,700,602 1,375,700,602

40,072,575 

39,992,575 

Movements in ordinary share capital

Details

Balance

Date

Shares

Issue price

$

1 July 2021

1,375,700,602

39,992,575

Balance
Issuance of shares on the exercise of options

30 June 2022
9 June 2023

1,375,700,602
4,000,000

$0.020 

39,992,575
80,000

Balance

30 June 2023

1,379,700,602

40,072,575

Ordinary shares
Ordinary shares  entitle  the  holder to  participate in any  dividends  declared  and any proceeds attributable to shareholders 
should the Company be wound up in proportions that consider both the number of shares held and the extent to which those 
shares are paid up. The fully paid ordinary shares have no par value and the Company does not have a limited amount of 
authorised capital.

On a show of hands every member present at a meeting in person or by proxy shall have one vote and upon a poll each 
share shall have one vote.

Share buy-back
There is no current on-market share buy-back.

Capital risk management
The consolidated entity's objectives when managing capital is to safeguard its ability to continue as a going concern, so that 
it can provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders and to maintain an optimum capital structure to 
reduce the cost of capital.

Capital is regarded as total equity, as recognised in the statement of financial position, plus net debt. Net debt is calculated 
as total borrowings less cash and cash equivalents.

In  order  to  maintain  or  adjust  the  capital  structure,  the  consolidated  entity  may  adjust  the  amount  of  dividends  paid  to 
shareholders, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debt.

42

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 21. Issued capital (continued)

The consolidated entity would look to raise capital when  an  opportunity to invest in a  business  or company was seen as 
value-adding  relative  to  the  current  Company's  share  price  at  the  time  of  the  investment.  The  consolidated  entity  is  not 
actively pursuing additional  investments in  the short term as it continues to integrate  and  grow its existing  businesses in 
order to maximise synergies.

The  consolidated  entity  is  subject  to  certain  financing  arrangements  covenants  and  meeting  these  is  given  priority  in  all 
capital risk management decisions. There have been no events of default on the financing arrangements during the financial 
year.

The capital risk management policy remains unchanged during the current reporting period.

Note 22. Reserves

Foreign currency reserve
Share-based payments reserve

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

114,934 
-  

3,264 
510,000 

114,934 

513,264 

Foreign currency reserve
The reserve  is  used to  recognise  exchange  differences arising  from  the  translation  of  the  financial statements  of  foreign 
operations to Australian dollars. It is also used to recognise gains and losses on hedges of the net investments in foreign 
operations.

Share-based payments reserve
The reserve is used to recognise the value of options granted under Employee Share Option Plan ('ESOP').

Movements in reserves
Movements in each class of reserve during the current and previous financial year are set out below:

Consolidated

Balance at 1 July 2021
Foreign currency translation
Lapsed options transferred to accumulated losses

Balance at 30 June 2022
Foreign currency translation
Lapsed options transferred to accumulated losses

Balance at 30 June 2023

Note 23. Dividends

Foreign 
currency 
reserve
$

Share-based 
payments 
reserve
$

630,000
-
(120,000)

510,000
-
(510,000)

(163,175)
166,439
-

3,264
111,670
-

114,934

Total
$

466,825
166,439
(120,000)

513,264
111,670
(510,000)

-

114,934

There were no dividends paid, recommended or declared during the current or previous financial year.

43

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 24. Financial instruments

Financial risk management objectives
The Board has overall responsibility for the determination of the consolidated entity and the parent entity’s risk management 
objectives and policies and, whilst retaining ultimate responsibility for them, it has delegated the authority for designing and 
operating processes that ensure the effective implementation of the objectives and policies to the consolidated entity and the 
parent entity’s finance function. The Board receives monthly reports from the Chief Financial Officer through which it reviews 
the effectiveness of the processes put in place and the appropriateness of the objectives and policies it sets.

The overall objective of the Board is to set policies that seek to reduce risk as far as possible without unduly affecting the 
consolidated entity’s competitiveness and flexibility.

Market risk

Foreign currency risk
The consolidated entity undertakes certain transactions denominated in foreign currency and is exposed to foreign currency 
risk through foreign exchange rate fluctuations.

The only currency where receivables are not denominated in their functional currency is US dollars (USD). Cash balances 
in USD are kept at levels only sufficient to pay the amounts owing. Since the local sales in Malaysia are made by foreign 
operations  in  their  individual  functional  currencies,  there  is  no  direct  foreign  currency  risk  exposure  involved.  The 
consolidated entity’s exposure to foreign currency risk is primarily its exposure to trade receivables denominated in USD. 

The carrying amount of the consolidated entity's foreign currency denominated financial assets and financial liabilities at the 
reporting date were as follows:

Consolidated

US dollars

Consolidated - 2023

Assets
Liabilities

Consolidated - 2022

Assets
Liabilities

Assets

Liabilities

2023
$

2022
$

2023
$

2022
$

1,411,324

532,730

1,194,497

651,586

AUD strengthened

AUD weakened

% change

10% 
10% 

Effect on 
profit before 
tax

% change

Effect on 
profit before 
tax

193,518
163,787

357,305

(10%)
(10%)

(236,521)
(200,184)

(436,705)

AUD strengthened

AUD weakened

% change

10% 
10% 

Effect on 
profit before 
tax

% change

Effect on 
profit before 
tax

70,300
85,985

156,285

(10%)
(10%)

(85,923)
(105,093)

(191,016)

Price risk
The consolidated entity is not exposed to any significant price risk.

Interest rate risk
The consolidated entity’s exposure to interest rate risk is limited to cash balances and borrowings, as these are at a floating 
rate. Cash balances that are held at call for day to day activities are non-interest bearing. 

44

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 24. Financial instruments (continued)

An analysis of remaining contractual maturities is shown in 'liquidity and interest rate risk management' below.

Credit risk
Credit  risk  arises  principally  from  the  consolidated  entity’s  trade  receivables.  It  is  the  risk  that  the  counterparty  fails  to 
discharge its obligation in respect of the instrument.

Prior to accepting new customers, a credit check is obtained from a reputable external source. Based on this information, 
credit limits and payment terms are established. Customers who subsequently fail to meet their credit terms are required to 
make purchases on a prepayment basis until creditworthiness can be re-established.

The nature of the consolidated entity’s operations means that approximately 92% (2022: 92%) of its sales are made to 5 
(2022: 5) key customers in Australia, Singapore and America. Whilst credit risk is mainly influenced by factors specific to 
these individual customers, the concentration of sales geographically is a contributory factor. 

The maximum exposure to credit risk for trade receivables at the end of reporting period by geographic region is as follows:

Australia
Asia
Europe
USA

Past due analysis of trade receivables by geographic region is as follows:

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

196,437 
155,926 
1,687,094 
169,157 

702,808 
145,385 
52,535 
(9,390)

2,208,614 

891,338 

2023
Not past due
Past due 30 days
Past due 60 days
Total

2022
Not past due
Past due 30 days
Past due 60 days
Total

Australia
$

Asia
$

Europe
$

USA
$

Total
$

130,490
50,769
15,178
196,437

667,174
9,900
25,734
702,808

155,881
-
45
155,926

145,385
-
-
145,385

-
1,687,094
-
1,687,094

81,102
87,934
121
169,157

367,473
1,825,797
15,344
2,208,614

52,578
-
(43)
52,535

3,092
-
(12,482)
(9,390)

868,229
9,900
13,209
891,338

Liquidity risk
Liquidity  risk  arises  from  the  consolidated  entity’s  management  of  working  capital  and  the  finance  charges  and  principal 
repayments on its debt instruments. It is the risk that the consolidated entity will encounter difficulty in meeting its financial 
obligations as they fall due. The consolidated entity aims to have sufficient cash to allow it to meet its liabilities when they 
become due.

The Board receives cash flow projections monthly as well as information regarding cash balances.

45

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 24. Financial instruments (continued)

Remaining contractual maturities
The following tables detail the consolidated entity's remaining contractual maturity for its financial instrument liabilities. The 
tables have been drawn up based on the undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest date on which 
the financial liabilities are required to be paid. The tables include both interest and principal cash flows disclosed as remaining 
contractual maturities and therefore these totals may differ from their carrying amount in the statement of financial position.

Consolidated - 2023

Non-derivatives
Non-interest bearing
Trade payables
Other payables

Interest-bearing - variable
Bank loans
Lease liability
Total non-derivatives

Consolidated - 2022

Non-derivatives
Non-interest bearing
Trade payables
Other payables

Interest-bearing - variable
Bank loans
Lease liability
Total non-derivatives

6 months or 
less
$

Between 6 
and 12 
months
$

Between 1 
and 3 years Over 3 years

$

$

Remaining 
contractual 
maturities
$

6,027,001
1,250,465

-
-

-
-

-
-

6,027,001
1,250,465

666,622
130,996
8,075,084

666,622
127,752
794,374

2,666,489
422,565
3,089,054

3,964,770
25,863
3,990,633

7,964,503
707,176
15,949,145

6 months or 
less
$

Between 6 
and 12 
months
$

Between 1 
and 3 years Over 3 years

$

$

Remaining 
contractual 
maturities
$

4,463,965
1,085,956

-
-

-
-

-
-

4,463,965
1,085,956

636,349
143,026
6,329,296

636,648
101,786
738,434

2,285,531
329,272
2,614,803

2,502,753
170,583
2,673,336

6,061,281
744,667
12,355,869

The cash  flows  in the  maturity  analysis above  are  not  expected  to  occur  significantly  earlier than contractually disclosed 
above.

Fair value of financial instruments
Unless otherwise stated, the carrying amounts of financial instruments are a reasonable approximation their fair value.

46

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 25. Remuneration of auditors

During the financial year the following fees were paid or payable for services provided by Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd, the 
auditor of the Company, its network firms and unrelated firms:

Audit services - Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd
Audit or review of the financial statements

Audit services - Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd network firms
Audit or review of the financial statements

Audit services - unrelated firms
Audit or review of the financial statements

Note 26. Contingent liabilities

The consolidated entity had no contingent liabilities as at 30 June 2023 and 30 June 2022.

Note 27. Commitments

Purchase commitments
Committed at the reporting date but not recognised as liabilities, payable:
Inventories
Property, plant and equipment

Note 28. Key management personnel disclosures

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

92,000 

79,131 

110,723 

15,861 

-  

-  

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

19,444,442 
166,295 

10,903,918 
97,953 

Compensation
The aggregate compensation made to directors and other members of key management personnel of the consolidated entity 
is set out below:

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

1,769,975 
168,215 
41,153 

1,235,995 
115,829 
11,951 

1,979,343 

1,363,775 

Short-term employee benefits
Post-employment benefits
Long-term benefits

Note 29. Related party transactions

Parent entity
Rectifier Technologies Ltd is the parent entity.

Subsidiaries
Interests in subsidiaries are set out in note 30.

47

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 29. Related party transactions (continued)

Key management personnel
Disclosures  relating  to  key  management  personnel  are  set  out  in  note  28  and  the  remuneration  report  included  in  the 
directors' report.

Transactions with related parties
Transactions between related parties are on normal commercial terms and conditions no more favourable to other parties 
unless  otherwise  stated. There  are  no  other  related  party  transactions  outside  of  the  consolidated  entity  and  KMP 
remuneration were made.

Note 30. Interests in subsidiaries

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the assets, liabilities and results of the following subsidiaries in accordance 
with the accounting policy described in note 2:

Name

Protran Technologies Pty Ltd*
Rectifier Technologies Pacific Pty Ltd
Rectifier Technologies Singapore Pte Ltd
ICERT Inc
Rectifier Technologies (M) Sdn Bhd
ICERT (HK) Co. Ltd

*

Deregistered in February 2023.

Note 31. Earnings per share

Principal place of business /
Country of incorporation

Australia
Australia
Singapore
USA
Malaysia
Hong Kong

Ownership interest
2022
2023
%
%

-
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

Profit after income tax attributable to the owners of Rectifier Technologies Ltd

6,457,153 

491,955 

The weighted average number of ordinary shares used in calculating basic earnings per 
share
Adjustments for calculation of diluted earnings per share:

Options over ordinary shares

1,379,700,602 1,375,700,602

8,840,000

46,840,000

The weighted average number of ordinary shares used in calculating diluted earnings per 
share

1,388,540,602 1,422,540,602

Number

Number

Basic earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share

Cents

Cents

0.47
0.47

0.04
0.03

48

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 32. Reconciliation of profit after income tax to net cash used in operating activities

Profit after income tax expense for the year

Adjustments for:
Depreciation and amortisation
Provision for stock obsolescence
Unrealised currency (gain)/loss
Net loss/(gain) on sale/acquisition of assets
Capitalised interest

Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Increase in trade and other receivables
Increase in inventories
Decrease in income tax refund due
Increase/(decrease) in net deferred tax assets
Increase in trade and other payables
Increase in contract liabilities
Increase in provision for income tax
Increase in employee benefits
Increase in other provisions

Net cash used in operating activities

Note 33. Changes in liabilities arising from financing activities

Consolidated

Balance at 1 July 2021
Net cash from/(used in) financing activities
Finance costs
Other changes

Balance at 30 June 2022
Net cash from/(used in) financing activities
Finance costs
Acquisition of leases

Consolidated

2023
$

2022
$

6,457,153 

491,955 

747,061 
51,184 
517,435 
31,946 
-  

607,239 
148,622 
(86,192)
(34,956)
87,200 

(1,344,213)
(12,621,972)
103,495 
(349,446)
1,727,545 
895,294 
2,506,483 
162,682 
214,737 

(1,441,878)
(3,861,912)
-  
35,949 
2,746,773 
-  
404,843 
176,357 
-  

(900,616)

(726,000)

Bank loans
$

Lease 
liabilities
$

2,594,100
2,505,974
104,930
68,984

5,273,988
1,024,467
177,746
-

883,874
(365,513)
48,195
103,759

670,315
(291,162)
38,231
234,943

Total
$

3,477,974
2,140,461
153,125
172,743

5,944,303
733,305
215,977
234,943

Balance at 30 June 2023

6,476,201

652,327

7,128,528

Note 34. Share-based payments

A share option plan has been established by the consolidated entity and approved by shareholders at a general meeting, 
whereby the consolidated entity may, at the discretion of the Board, grant options over ordinary shares in the Company to 
certain key management personnel of the consolidated entity. The options are issued for nil consideration and are granted 
in accordance with performance guidelines established by the Board.

On 22 July 2019, the Company granted 42,000,000 share options of its common stock to employees under its Employee 
Share Option Plan (ESOP) at an exercise price of $0.07. Options under this plan vest immediately allowing the holder to 
purchase one ordinary share per option, exercisable in multiples of 100,000. The maximum term of the options granted under 
the ESOP ends on 13 September 2022. The weighted average fair value of options granted has been calculated as $0.015 
per option. All granted employee options were immediately recognised as an expense in the statement of profit or loss with 
a corresponding credit to share option reserve for the value of $630,000.

49

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 34. Share-based payments (continued)

2023

Grant date

22/07/2019
01/06/2003
01/11/2003

Balance at
the start of
the year

Granted

Exercised

Expired/
forfeited/
other

Balance at
the end of
the year

*
**
**

$0.070
$0.020 
$0.020 

34,000,000
4,480,000
8,360,000

-
-
-

-
(4,000,000)
-

(34,000,000)
-
-

-
480,000
8,360,000

*
**

expiry date is on 13 September 2022.
there is no expiry date for the exercise of the options.

2022

Grant date

22/07/2019
01/06/2003
01/11/2003

Balance at
the start of
the year

Granted

Exercised

Expired/
forfeited/
other

Balance at
the end of
the year

*
**
**

$0.070
$0.020 
$0.020 

42,000,000
4,480,000
8,360,000

-
-
-

-
-
-

(8,000,000)
-
-

34,000,000
4,480,000
8,360,000

*
**

expiry date is on 13 September 2022.
there is no expiry date for the exercise of the options.

The weighted average fair value of options during the financial year was $0.015 (2022: $0.015).

The weighted average remaining contractual life of options outstanding at the end of the financial year was nil years (2022: 
0.21 years).

Note 35. Parent entity information

Set out below is the supplementary information about the parent entity.

Statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income

Profit/(loss) after income tax

Total comprehensive income

Parent

2023
$

2022
$

(685,359)

229,496 

(685,359)

229,496 

50

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Notes to the financial statements
30 June 2023

Note 35. Parent entity information (continued)

Statement of financial position

Total current assets

Total assets

Total current liabilities

Total liabilities

Equity

Issued capital
Foreign currency reserve
Share-based payments reserve
Accumulated losses

Total equity

Parent

2023
$

2022
$

2,840,280 

2,287,673 

16,674,923 

3,661,150 

3,307,487 

2,292,003 

15,288,289 

1,669,157 

40,072,575 
50,647 
-
(38,736,588)

39,992,575 
50,647 
510,000
(38,561,229)

1,386,634 

1,991,993 

a. Guarantees entered into by the parent entity in relation to the debts of its subsidiaries
On 22 August 2022, the parent company provided a guarantee for WBC loan of $2,000,000.00 to Rectifier Technologies 
Pacific Pty Ltd. The parent entity had no guarantees in relation to the debts of its subsidiaries for the financial year ended as 
at 30 June 2022.

b. Contingent liabilities
The parent entity had no contingent liabilities as at 30 June 2023 and 30 June 2022.

c. Capital commitments - Property, plant and equipment
The parent entity had no capital commitments for property, plant and equipment as at 30 June 2023 and 30 June 2022.

d. Significant accounting policies
The accounting policies of the parent entity are consistent with those of the consolidated entity, as disclosed in note 2, except
for the following:

Investments in subsidiaries are accounted for at cost, less any impairment, in the parent entity.
Dividends received from subsidiaries are recognised as other income by the parent entity and its receipt may be an 
indicator of an impairment of the investment.

Note 36. Events after the reporting period

No  matter  or  circumstance  has  arisen  since  30  June  2023  that  has  significantly  affected,  or  may  significantly  affect  the 
consolidated entity's operations, the results of those operations, or the consolidated entity's state of affairs in future financial 
years.

51

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Directors' declaration
30 June 2023

In the directors' opinion:

the  attached  financial  statements  and  notes  comply  with  the  Corporations  Act 2001,  the Accounting  Standards, the 
Corporations Regulations 2001 and other mandatory professional reporting requirements;

the attached financial statements and notes comply with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the 
International Accounting Standards Board as described in note 2 to the financial statements;

the attached financial statements and notes give a true and fair view of the consolidated entity's financial position as at 
30 June 2023 and of its performance for the financial year ended on that date; and

there are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when they become due 
and payable.

The directors have been given the declarations required by section 295A of the Corporations Act 2001.

Signed in accordance with a resolution of directors made pursuant to section 295(5)(a) of the Corporations Act 2001.

On behalf of the directors

___________________________
Mr. Yanbin Wang
Director

28 September 2023
Melbourne

52

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd 
Level 22 Tower 5 
Collins Square 
727 Collins Street 
Melbourne VIC 3008 
GPO Box 4736 
Melbourne VIC 3001 

T +61 3 8320 2222 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

To the Members of Rectifier Technologies Limited 

Report on the audit of the financial report 

Opinion 

We have audited the financial report of Rectifier Technologies Limited (the Company) and its subsidiaries 
(the Group), which comprises the consolidated statement of financial position as at 30 June 2023, the 
consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, consolidated statement of 
changes in equity and consolidated statement of cash flows for the year then ended, and notes to the 
consolidated financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies, and the Directors’ 
declaration.  

In our opinion, the accompanying financial report of the Group is in accordance with the Corporations Act 
2001, including: 

a  giving a true and fair view of the Group’s financial position as at 30 June 2023 and of its performance for 

the year ended on that date; and 

b  complying with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Regulations 2001. 

Basis for opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards. Our responsibilities under those 
standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Report section 
of our report. We are independent of the Group in accordance with the auditor independence requirements 
of the Corporations Act 2001 and the ethical requirements of the Accounting Professional and Ethical 
Standards Board’s APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (including Independence 
Standards) (the Code) that are relevant to our audit of the financial report in Australia. We have also fulfilled 
our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with the Code.  

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our 
opinion. 

www.grantthornton.com.au 
ACN-130 913 594 

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd ACN 130 913 594 a subsidiary or related entity of Grant Thornton Australia Limited ABN 41 127 556 389 ACN 127 556 389. 
‘Grant Thornton’ refers to the brand under which the Grant Thornton member firms provide assurance, tax and advisory services to their clients and/or 
refers to one or more member firms, as the context requires. Grant Thornton Australia Limited is a member firm of Grant Thornton International Ltd (GTIL). 
GTIL and the member firms are not a worldwide partnership. GTIL and each member firm is a separate legal entity. Services are delivered by the member 
firms. GTIL does not provide services to clients. GTIL and its member firms are not agents of, and do not obligate one another and are not liable for one 
another’s acts or omissions. In the Australian context only, the use of the term ‘Grant Thornton’ may refer to Grant Thornton Australia Limited ABN 41 127 
556 389 ACN 127 556 389 and its Australian subsidiaries and related entities. Liability limited by a scheme approved under Professional Standards 
Legislation. 

53

w 

 
 
Key audit matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit of 
the financial report of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial 
report as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these 
matters.  

Key audit matter 

How our audit addressed the key audit matter 

Revenue recognition (Note 5) 

Revenue recorded from the sale of products and 
services to customers amounted to $39,428,363 for the 
year ended 30 June 2023. 

The Group enters into transactions for the sale of 
power rectifiers. The total transaction price for a 
contract is based on their relative stand-alone selling 
price. Revenue is recognised at a point in time when 
the Group satisfies the performance obligations, which 
is generally at the point of delivery. 

Our procedures included, amongst others: 

• Reviewing revenue recognition policies for

appropriateness in accordance with AASB 15
Revenue from Contracts with Customers;

• Testing a sample of revenue transactions during the
year and assessing whether revenue has been
recognised in accordance with AASB 15, including:

− Reviewing the relevant contracts with customers;

This is a key audit matter given the judgement applied 
to determine the appropriate recognition of revenue 
and the material nature of revenue to the Group’s 
overall performance. 

− Assessing management’s determination of

performance obligations within contracts and the
allocation of the transaction price to those
obligations;

− Testing the timing of revenue recognition;

• Evaluating sales transactions around reporting date
to assess whether revenue is recognised in the
correct period;

• Performing non-substantive analytical procedures to
assess revenue recognised against known business
factors and investigating variances to our
expectations; and

• Assessing the adequacy of related disclosures in the 

financial statements.

Inventory valuation (Note 11) 

As at 30 June 2023, the Group holds inventory with a 
carrying value of $18,448,667. The Group is required 
to carry their inventory at the lower of cost or net 
realisable value, in accordance with AASB 102 
Inventories. 

Determining the value of inventory requires significant 
judgement. Specifically, estimating the provision for 
inventory obsolescence involves significant 
management judgement, including predictions about 
market conditions, future sales, and obsolescence.  

Our procedures included, amongst others: 

• Understanding and documenting management's

process of calculating the inventory provision and
evaluating the Group’s compliance with the
requirements of AASB 102;

• Testing a sample of inventory items to assess the
cost basis and net realisable value of inventories;

• Analysing slow-moving inventory and evaluating

their saleability and obsolescence;

This is a key audit matter due to the materiality of the 
inventory balance and the level of management 
judgement required to determine the inventory value. 

• Considering additional factors that may indicate
inventory items require an adjustment to their
carrying amount, including discontinued lines; and

• Assessing the adequacy of the related disclosures in 

the financial statements.

54

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd 

Information other than the financial report and auditor’s report thereon 

The Directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included 
in the Group’s annual report for the year ended 30 June 2023, but does not include the financial report and our 
auditor’s report thereon.  

Our opinion on the financial report does not cover the other information and we do not express any form of 
assurance conclusion thereon.  

In connection with our audit of the financial report, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing 
so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial report or our knowledge 
obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.  

If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other 
information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Responsibilities of the Directors for the financial report 

The Directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation of the financial report that gives a true and fair 
view in accordance with Australian Accounting Standards and the Corporations Act 2001 and for such internal 
control as the Directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of the financial report that gives a true 
and fair view and is free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.  

In preparing the financial report, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a 
going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of 
accounting unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or have no realistic 
alternative but to do so.  

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial report 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial report as a whole is free from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. 
Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance 
with the Australian Auditing Standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements 
can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could 
reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of this financial report.  

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial report is located at the Auditing and 
Assurance Standards Board website at:  http://www.auasb.gov.au/auditors_responsibilities/ar1_2020.pdf.This 
description forms part of our auditor’s report.  

Report on the remuneration report 

Opinion on the remuneration report 

We have audited the Remuneration Report included in pages 8 to 13 of the Directors’ report for the year 
ended 30 June 2023.  

In our opinion, the Remuneration Report of Rectifier Technologies Limited, for the year ended 30 June 2023 
complies with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001. 

55

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd 

Responsibilities 

The Directors of the Company are responsible for the preparation and presentation of the Remuneration Report 
in accordance with section 300A of the Corporations Act 2001. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the 
Remuneration Report, based on our audit conducted in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards.  

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd 
Chartered Accountants 

T S Jackman 
Partner – Audit & Assurance 

Melbourne, 28 September 2023 

56

Grant Thornton Audit Pty Ltd 

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Shareholder information
30 June 2023

The shareholder information set out below was applicable as at 11 September 2023.

Distribution of equitable securities
Analysis of number of equitable security holders by size of holding:

1 to 1,000
1,001 to 5,000
5,001 to 10,000
10,001 to 100,000
100,001 and over

Holding less than a marketable parcel*

*

Minimum $500 parcel: 192 holders, being 996,475 units (0.07%)

1 to 1,000
1,001 to 5,000
5,001 to 10,000
10,001 to 100,000
100,001 over

Substantial holders
Substantial holders in the Company are set out below:

PUDU INVESTMENT (AUSTRALIA) PTY LTD
YUNG SHING
MR YANBIN WANG
MR MALCOLM ALISTAIR DUNCAN
MR LEI LI

Ordinary shares
% of total
shares
issued

Number
of units

Number
of holders

46
32
235
1,968
662

2,943

-

-
0.01
0.15
5.48

16,101
92,672
2,094,663
75,552,174
94.36 1,301,944,992

100.00 1,379,700,602

-

-

Options 

Number of 
holders

Options 
% of total

options

Options

Number of 
options

-
-
-
-
32

32

-
-
-
-
100

-
-
-
-
45,840,000

100

45,840,000

Ordinary shares

Number held

224,643,616
150,000,000
70,000,000
69,187,950
68,460,000

% of total 
shares
issued

16.28
10.87
5.07
5.01
4.96

57

Rectifier Technologies Ltd
Shareholder information
30 June 2023

Equity security holders

Twenty largest quoted equity security holders
The names of the twenty largest security holders of quoted equity securities are listed below:

PUDU INVESTMENT (AUSTRALIA) PTY LTD
YUNG SHING
MR YANBIN WANG
MR MALCOLM ALISTAIR DUNCAN
MR LEI LI
MR SONGWU LU
MRS ZHENGHUA ZHU
MR WEIGUO XIE
MR MAKRAM HANNA + MRS RITA HANNA 
V AND G SUPER PTY LTD
BNP PARIBAS NOMINEES PTY LTD SIX SIS LTD
BOND STREET CUSTODIANS LIMITED 
MR NICHOLAS SENG TET YEOH
MR NIGEL MACHIN
AUSTRALIAN EXPORTS & INDUSTRIALISATION SUPER PTY LTD 
TOPAZ INVESTMENTS PTE LTD
GENISTA COURT PTY LTD
MR MAKRAM HANNA
MR RAYMOND ROCKMAN + MR ANTHONY ROCKMAN
MR KANG CHEN

Unquoted equity securities

Unlisted options exercise price $0.02
Unlisted ESOP options exercise price $0.06 expiring 15/08/25

Voting rights
The voting rights attached to ordinary shares are set out below:

Ordinary shares

Number held

% of total 
shares
issued

224,643,616
150,000,000
70,000,000
69,187,950
68,460,000
66,841,260
50,000,000
40,747,642
38,637,542
36,440,000
26,210,156
25,999,605
20,500,000
20,000,000
14,000,000
13,837,650
11,848,272
11,134,134
9,677,106
9,355,000

977,519,933

16.28
10.87
5.07
5.01
4.96
4.84
3.62
2.95
2.80
2.64
1.90
1.88
1.49
1.45
1.01
1.00
0.86
0.81
0.70
0.68

70.82

Number
on issue

Number
of holders

8,840,000
37,000,000

8
24

Ordinary shares
On a show of hands every member present at a meeting in person or by proxy shall have one vote and upon a poll each 
share shall have one vote.

There are no other classes of equity securities.

On market buy-back

There is no current on market buy back

58