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Redde Northgate

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FY2011 Annual Report · Redde Northgate
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Northgate plc
Annual report and
accounts 2011

Delivering effective fleet  
solutions to businesses across  
the UK and Spain.

Contents

Review
  1  Highlights of the year
  2  Chairman’s statement
  4  Group at a glance
  5  Key performance indicators
  6  One Northgate
11  Operational review
 14  Financial review
 18  Principal risks and uncertainties
 20  Board of Directors

Corporate governance
 22  Report of the Directors
 25  Remuneration report
 30  Report of the audit and risk committee
 32  Corporate governance
 34  Health & safety and environment
 35  Directors’ responsibilities

 Accounts
 36  Independent auditor’s report to the  

members of Northgate plc
 37  Consolidated income statement
 38  Statements of comprehensive income
 39  Balance sheets
 40  Cash flow statements
 41  Notes to the cash flow statements
 42  Statements of changes in equity
 43  Notes to the accounts

 85  Five year financial summary
 86  Notice of Annual General Meeting
 92  Shareholder information

Who we are 

UK: Vehicle fleet

Northgate plc is the leading light 
commercial vehicle hire business in 
both the UK and Spain by fleet size 
and has been operating in the sector 
since 1981. Our core business is the 
hire of vehicles to other businesses  
on variable length contracts, giving 
customers the flexibility to manage 
their vehicle fleet without a  
long term commitment. 

What we do 

The business in the UK and Ireland 
operates from 62 sites with a  
fleet of 61,200 vehicles. In addition, 
we sell former rental vehicles to  
both retail and trade customers.  
For customers wishing to retain 
ownership, we offer a complete  
fleet management solution.  
We also offer an increasing range  
of services and products such as 
vehicle monitoring and parts 
procurement, to help customers 
manage their fleets effectively.

In Spain, we operate as Northgate 
España following the merger of  
our two operating subsidiaries in 
January 2011. With 25 branches  
and a combined fleet of 43,500 
vehicles we are the market leaders  
in light commercial vehicle hire.

2011  61,200

2010  60,900

2009  62,900

2008  68,600

2007  65,300

Spain: Vehicle fleet

2011  43,500

2010  48,900

2009  60,400

2008  62,750

2007  55,000

Group operating profit1 £m

2011  105.6

2010  82.8

2009  71.8

2008  121.8

2007  111.0

Profit before tax2 £m

2011  53.8

2010  36.5

2009  27.5

2008  83.1

2007  79.3

Highlights of the year

Operational highlights

Underlying financial highlights

Statutory financial highlights

Average utilisation
•  UK 90% (2010 – 90%8)
•  Spain 91% (2010 – 88%)

Underlying pricing improvement
•  UK 4%
•  Spain 2%

Restructuring of UK business 
progressing to plan

Merger of the two Spanish 
operating subsidiaries into 
Northgate España

Group operating profit1

Profit from operations

 +27.6%

2011: £105.6m
2010: £82.8m

 +16.1%

2011: £82.6m
2010: £71.1m

Profit before taxation2

Profit before taxation

 +47.4%

2011: £53.8m
2010: £36.5m

 +176.0%

2011: £26.5m
2010: £9.6m

Basic earnings per share3

Basic earnings per share

 +8.2%

2011: 29.0p
2010: 26.8p

Net debt4

 -£68.4m

2011: £529.9m
2010: £598.3m

 -4.3%

2011: 22.1p
2010: 23.1p

Net debt

 -£86.0m

2011: 529.1m
2010: 615.1m

Return on capital employed7

Profit for the year

 +3.5%

2011: 11.9%
2010: 8.4%

 +20.7%

2011: £29.4m
2010: £24.4m

1  Highlights of the year 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

For footnote references see page 17.

Chairman’s statement   “ Despite the economic downturn the Group has retained a strong, 

market leading position in both the UK and Spain, and has delivered 
earnings growth in line with the Board’s expectations. Underlying 
cash generation in 2011 was £99m leaving net debt at £530m, which 
we expect to fall further in 2012. This, combined with the debt 
refinancing completed during the year, leaves the Group with an 
appropriate and robust capital structure.”

We now have a strong management  
team in Spain and are developing our  
team in the UK by a mixture of internal 
promotion and external recruitment where 
necessary. This has stabilised the business. 
Management in both countries are now 
working effectively to maximise returns.

In the past few years sales have grown  
as a result of chasing volume at lower prices. 
We have ceased this practice and as a  
result we have lost some customers. We are 
seeking to replace this business with sales  
to customers who are attracted to our 
flexible renting model.

In both the UK and Spain our market is  
the flexible renting of vehicles. As we get 
improved data we will be better able to 
judge the size of the opportunity that exists 
for future expansion.

UK

Our underlying operating margin11 
increased to 22.0% in the year, compared  
to 18.0% in 2010 and utilisation rates have 
remained in line with targeted levels at 90% 
(2010 – 90%8). The increase in operating 
margin has been achieved through  
our actions aimed at improving operating 
efficiency, increasing hire rates and the 
continued strength in the residual prices  
for used vehicles.

During the year, the model of 20 separate 
companies with their own brands and 
management structure was initially replaced 
with 12 business areas operating under one 
Northgate Vehicle Hire brand. In line with 
original plans, the 12 areas were further 
reduced to seven regions in May 2011 
providing the platform for a consistent  
and improved customer service and 
operational efficiencies.

The rebranding exercise was completed 
successfully providing the UK with a 
nationally recognised single brand. Brand 
development will continue to ensure that  
we are recognised as the market leader in 
light commercial vehicle hire in the UK.  
Our main rebranding focus has been vehicle 
livery on our own fleet, with c.15,000 
vehicles now liveried in the Northgate 
Vehicle Hire branding.

I am pleased to report that the new  
IT system has finally been successfully 
implemented across the UK. As envisaged 
this is already providing enhanced 
information about the profitability of  
our activities, processes and services. 

Bob Mackenzie 
Chairman

Against a background of continuing 
economic uncertainty in the countries in 
which we operate, I am pleased to report 
that the Group has made further progress 
with the restructuring of our UK and  
Spanish operations that commenced in 
summer 2010. 

The focus of the Group will be to maintain 
utilisation in excess of 90%, improve 
operating efficiency to reduce costs  
and concentrate on increasing the return 
on capital employed (ROCE) above  
levels previously achieved. Against all  
of these measures we have delivered 
improvements in the past year.

The Group’s financial results for the year 
ended 30 April 2011 are summarised  
as follows:
•  Underlying profit before tax2 increased 
by 47% to £53.8m (2010 – £36.5m);
•  Underlying basic earnings per share3
of 29.0p (2010 – 26.8p), based on 
shares of 133 million (2010 – 105 
million);

•  Net debt4 reduced by £68.4m to 

£529.9m;

•  ROCE7 11.9% (2010 – 8.4%); and
•  Statutory profit before tax increased  

to £26.5m (2010 – £9.6m).

The successful refinancing in April 2011  
was another milestone in the Group’s 
progress as it was able to access new 
capital and secures its financial base for 
the medium term. At 30 April 2011 we 
had £225m headroom on our committed 
debt facilities of £781m9. Net debt to 
EBITDA6 has come down to 1.7x (2010 – 
2.0x) and all covenant measures improved 
over the year as a result of £99m of 
underlying cash generation10. Net debt 
was reduced by £68m during the year,  
as the Group continued to strengthen  
its balance sheet and position itself  
for any sustained improvement in  
market conditions.

2  Chairman’s statement

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

A number of significant initiatives have 
commenced during the year, which include:
Improving the operational efficiency and 
• 
productivity of our 53 workshops;

•  Driver logistics management – planning 

and control of the collection and delivery 
of vehicles for customers. We used to 
employ delivery drivers and additional 
agency drivers to deliver vehicles all over 
the country, however a customer will 
now receive a vehicle from the nearest 
depot with availability;

• 

•  Simplifying and reducing the costs of 
internal administration and finance 
through centralisation to be completed 
early in the 2012 calendar year;
Improved sales and operational  
planning, reducing vehicle holding costs 
and increasing sales opportunities;
•  Restructuring our commercial sales 
organisation to improve both our  
national and SME sales with a nationally 
managed sales force; and
Increasing staff training and development 
across the whole organisation.

• 

This fundamental reorganisation of the  
UK business, together with the enhanced 
information about our activities, will enable 
us to make sensible informed decisions 
about pricing and availability thus improving 
our offering to customers and increasing  
our operating margin.

In addition to the £10m annualised cost 
savings targeted by April 2011, the above 
plans will result in a further annualised 
improvement to operating profit of over 
£5m from April 2012. Of these additional 
£5m annualised cost savings, we will incur 
total implementation costs of c.£3m in  
the year ending 30 April 2012.

Spain

Our Spanish business continues to operate 
in an extremely difficult and uncertain 
environment. This is particularly the case in 
the construction sector. One of the major 
challenges our business has faced in Spain is 
the reliance on this sector, and I am pleased 
to report that we have reduced our reliance 
on the construction sector from 55% in 
2010 to 37% in 2011, which was mainly 
achieved through compensating increases  
in the wholesale and retail distribution,  
and electrical, plumbing and equipment 
maintenance service sectors.

Our underlying operating margin12 increased 
to 18.0% in the year (2010 – 12.7%). In 
Spain, we have significantly lower margins 
compared to the UK, as we incur c.€14m 
of vehicle insurance costs, which are borne 
by the company and not the customer. In 
the longer term, hire rates will need to 
improve to recover these costs.

In times of uncertainty the importance  
of strong fleet management becomes 
imperative and for the first time under  
our ownership the Spanish business has 
achieved average utilisation for the year of 
91% (2010 – 88%). Ongoing investment 
made in our used vehicle disposal capability 
has enabled the Spanish business to  
dispose of 19,000 vehicles at increasing 
residual values.

Debtor management continues to be an 
area of focus, specifically large construction 
debtors as government investment 
programmes continue to reduce. In the  
year ended 30 April 2011 the bad debt 
charge at €4m was €6m less than in the year 
to 30 April 2010.

From 1 January 2011, the Spanish business 
was merged, with the former Fualsa and 
Record businesses trading under the 
Northgate brand. It has been a complex  
task as there was much overlap between  
the two brands at very different prices.  
This has strengthened our position with 
customers and provides annualised benefits 
of approximately €4m from January 2011. 
One-off cash costs associated with this 
merger totalling €3m were incurred in the 
year. Further non-cash write downs of 
non-current assets of €15m have also been 
recognised in the current year. These 
comprise €7m write down of certain 
intangible assets recognised on acquisition 
and €8m of property write downs.

Refinancing

Current trading and outlook

Despite the economic downturn the  
Group has retained a strong, market 
leading position in both the UK and Spain, 
and has delivered earnings growth in line 
with the Board’s expectations. Underlying 
cash generation in 2011 was £99m10 
leaving net debt at £530m4, which we 
expect to fall further in 2012. This, 
combined with the debt refinancing 
completed during the year, leaves the 
Group with an appropriate and robust 
capital structure.

We enter the new financial year with  
a clear programme for operational 
improvement. Our focus will remain on 
improving returns and further progress  
is planned in the coming year through  
hire rate improvement, efficient fleet 
management, further cost reductions  
and cash generation.

The Group has begun the new financial 
year in line with the Board’s expectations, 
and the Board is confident the Group is 
well placed to continue to deliver 
significant value to shareholders.

Bob Mackenzie 
Chairman

During the year the Group initiated 
discussions with all its lenders and private 
placement noteholders leading to  
a successful renegotiation of its  
borrowing facilities.

As previously announced the refinancing 
comprises three elements:
•  A new eight year £100m term loan  

facility provided by M&G UK Companies 
Financing Fund (‘M&G loan’), repayable 
in three equal instalments in October 
2017, April 2018 and April 2019;
•  A committed bank facility with an 

extended maturity of September 2014, 
initially £468m in size; and

•  The Group’s existing loan notes (currently 
amounting to £170m equivalent at fixed 
exchange rates) will remain invested until 
their original maturity dates, which are 
between November 2012 and December 
2016, and at their existing coupon rates.

These facilities contribute to total committed 
facilities of the Group of £781m providing 
headroom9 of £225m at 30 April 2011.

Employees

The Group’s employees experienced a  
year of considerable change as a result  
of the need to reorganise both the UK and 
Spanish businesses. Our ongoing recovery 
continues to be as a result of their 
dedication, hard work and loyalty through 
this time of upheaval and economic 
uncertainty. I would like to thank them  
on behalf of the Board.

Dividend

The Board has again given careful 
consideration to paying a dividend and,  
on balance, has decided that it is not  
yet prudent to pay a dividend. The  
re-introduction of a dividend will  
continue to be reviewed going forward.

Board Changes

On 19 May 2011 Chris Muir was appointed 
Group Finance Director. His appointment 
was made following an extensive search 
process involving internal and external 
candidates. He has an extensive working 
knowledge of the business and has worked 
for Northgate in a wide range of finance 
positions demonstrating that he has  
the capability to be an outstanding  
finance director.

3  Chairman’s statement

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

For footnote references see page 17.

Group at a glance

Revenue (excluding  
vehicle sales)

Operating profit1

Operating margin11, 12

UK

2011  £333.9m

2010  £328.2m

2011  £73.6m

2010  £59.0m

2011  22.0%

2010  18.0%

Number of employees (closing)

2011  2,073

Closing fleet

Vehicle sales 

2010  2,122

2011  61,200

2010  60,900

Spain

2011  £203.4m

2010  £235.5m

2011  £36.6m

2010  £30.0m

2011  18.0%

2010  12.7%

2011  936

2010  974

2011  43,500

2010  48,900

  18,900 

  22,700

  19,000 

  19,800

2011: £103m 

2010: £114m

2011: £75m 

2010: £72m

Vehicle purchases

  18,900 

  18,800

  13,400 

9,100

2011: £201m 

2010: £211m

2011: £134m 

2010: £99m

2011  90%

2010  90%8

62

2011  91%

2010  88%

25

Medium vans: 40%
Small vans: 33%
Large commercial 
vehicles: 13%
Cars: 10%
Buses, 4x4 and other 
specialist vehicles: 4%

Ford: 38%
Mercedes: 20%
Volkswagen: 15%
Peugeot: 11%
Vauxhall: 8%
Others: 8%

Small vans: 39%
Cars: 35%
Large vans: 11%
4x4: 11%
Large commercial  
and other: 4%

Peugoet: 24%
Citroen: 21%
Ford: 15%
Opel: 9%
Seat: 8%
Others: 23%

Construction: 15%
Other sectors: 85%

Construction: 37%
Other sectors: 63%

Corporate fleets 
(>100): 41%
Small and medium 
fleets (5 – 100): 47%
Micro-fleets (<5): 12%

Corporate fleets 
(>100): 32%
Small and medium 
fleets (5 – 100): 54%
Micro-fleets (<5): 14%

Average utilisation

Locations

Fleet mix 

Fleet by manufacturer 

Reliance on  
construction customers

Customers by fleet size 

For footnote references see page 17. 

Operating profit above excludes corporate costs.

The movement in vehicle sales inventory is not  
included in the above extracts of fleet numbers,  
which would be required in order to reconcile  
the movement in closing fleet. Vehicle sales  
and purchases are stated on an accruals basis.

4  Group at a glance 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key performance 
indicators

  “ The focus of the Group is to maintain utilisation 
in excess of 90%, improve operating efficiency 
to reduce costs and concentrate on increasing 
the return on capital employed above levels 
previously achieved.”

Target

The minimum target for both 
segments is to maintain utilisation 
above 90%, which is currently  
being achieved. 

The new IT system implemented in  
the UK is providing improved and 
more timely information about 
utilisations, therefore a revised target 
of 91% has been set going forward.

Minimum hire rate thresholds have 
been set for new vehicles. Further rate 
increases are targeted in the UK and 
Spain through improved sales analysis 
to eliminate low margin customers, 
and improved recovery on recharging 
of costs such as collection, delivery 
and damage recovery. 

The overall fleet size in the UK  
and Spain is expected to remain 
relatively stable in the short term  
with focus remaining on maximising 
utilisations and hire rates. Further 
holding cost savings are targeted 
through managing the mix of  
vehicles purchased through each  
manufacturer and maximising 
disposals through higher margin  
retail and semi-retail channels.

Each KPI has been targeted for 
improvement to contribute to an 
overall increase in ROCE of the Group. 
Group ROCE is targeted to increase 
above levels previously achieved.

The target is to maximise shareholder 
value by increasing EPS in the  
short term alongside longer term 
return on equity.

Utilisation

Utilisation needs to be maintained  
at a high level in order to maximise 
return on capital employed whilst 
holding enough vehicles to meet the 
flexible demands of our customers.

Performance

UK

Average utilisation has been 
maintained at the target rate of 90%.

Spain 

Average utilisation has successfully 
improved to 91% from 88% in the 
prior year, exceeding the targeted 
rate of 90%.

Hire rate

UK 

Hire rates have improved by 2% across 
the year, with an underlying increase 
of 4% adjusted for the lightening of 
fleet mix in the year.

Spain 

Average rates have improved by 2% 
across the year, which has been 
achieved through a combination of 
strong pricing controls on new 
vehicles and targeted price increases 
with existing customers.

The level of vehicle purchases and 
sales is controlled in order to manage 
fleet size and ageing. Overall  
holding costs are minimised through 
managing the mix and volume of 
purchases from each manufacturer 
and by improving the effectiveness  
of vehicle sales channels.

The Group had a closing fleet of  
61,200 vehicles in the UK and 43,500 
vehicles in Spain.

ROCE is maximised through a 
combination of managing utilisation, 
hire rates, vehicle holding and  
other costs.

Group ROCE7 was 11.9% in 2011 
compared to 8.4% in the prior year.

Basic EPS3 increased to 29.0p from 
26.8p in the prior year. 

Earnings of £38.5m were 36%  
higher than in the previous year.  
The weighted average number of 
shares was 133m, 28m higher than  
the previous year which reflects the 
full year impact of the equity  
raising and rights issue in the  
prior year.

The hire rate achieved is a key 
contributor to return on capital 
employed. Hire rates need to reflect 
the level of flexibility and service 
offered to our customers.

Fleet management

The size and age of the fleet needs  
to be managed in order to maximise 
utilisations and minimise the overall 
holding cost of vehicles.

Return on capital  
employed (ROCE)

In a capital intensive business,  
ROCE is a more important measure of 
performance than profitability alone, 
as low margin business returns low 
value to shareholders.

Earnings per share (EPS)

Basic EPS is considered to be a key 
short term measure of performance 
used by shareholders.

For footnote references see page 17.

5  Key performance indicators

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
One Northgate

6  One Northgate 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

The restructure of the UK and Spanish  
business puts us in a better position to take 
advantage of opportunities for future growth, 
operate more efficiently and deliver high  
levels of customer service.

7  One Northgate 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

UK

Delivering on better 
opportunities

A restructured and nationally 
managed sales force has been 
established. Taken together with  
a more detailed analysis of our 
marketplace, we are better positioned 
to take advantage of profitable 
opportunities in 2012. Emphasis will 
be placed on key growth industries 
such as telecoms, and public sector 
where our relative penetration  
is low but the propensity for our 
product is high. 

Improving shareholder value  
remains central to everything we do 
and the best way of achieving this  
is to position our product where it  
is aligned to need rather than price. 
Identifying and developing new 
markets, targeting SME’s and 
marketing our complete fleet 
solutions will enable us to deliver 
whole-life cost benefits to customers 
rather than simply offering them  
the cheapest rate, which will create  
a more sustainable and profitable 
portfolio going forward.

8  One Northgate 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Centres of excellence

Leveraging from the new IT  
platform, we will centralise vehicle 
administration and create a financial 
shared services centre, which will 
simplify operations, reduce costs  
and improve the overall operational 
efficiency of the business. Reduced 
paperwork and more focused and 
timely information will improve 
business decision making.

Enhanced customer experience

In 2011, we conducted 4,200 training 
days for over 700 colleagues. 
Investment will continue in this area 
to ensure that we maintain our 
position as a ‘best in class’ support 
services provider. The IT and business 
blueprint training, which has already 
rolled out across the UK, will be 
enhanced in 2012. Our long standing 
commercial apprenticeship scheme 
and customer experience development 
project will ensure that we deliver 
service efficiently and effectively  
to all who engage with us.

Training days provided in 2011

   4,200

  The awareness of the Northgate brand is now well 
established as the most recognisable commercial 
vehicle hire brand in the UK. This provides a platform 
for the Company to continue to make progress in 
achieving its objectives.

The power of the dial

We will continue to promote and 
develop our branding strategy in  
2012 through investment in web and  
other communications, and have a 
target of 33,000 vehicles to be liveried  
by 30 April 2012. The increased 
awareness of the Northgate dial is 
enhancing our position as the market 
leader and will help us to deliver our 
commercial strategy going forward.

Vehicles to be liveried by  
April 2012

  33,000

9  One Northgate 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Technology driving improvement

In 2012 we will maintain our 
commitment to improve the  
customer experience through further 
investment in infrastructure and 
facilities. These improvements will 
build on initiatives already undertaken 
in 2011 following consolidation  
of the regions. With the help of  
new field technologies such as  
PDAs and workshop touch screens,  
delivery mileage will be minimised 
and workshop productivity will  
be improved. 

Efficient and effective  
fleet management 

Having vehicles in the right place  
at the right time is critical. In 2012, 
sales and operational planning will  
be fully integrated. Through the 
implementation of a new Customer 
Relationship Management system,  
we will be able to effectively measure 
the forward pipeline of our UK 
business in order to strategically plan 
acquisition and disposal of our fleet.

We will plan and schedule where  
best to place our non-utilised assets, 
creating greater vehicle availability 
and managing our customers’ 
requirements more efficiently and 
effectively. In 2011 we completed  
the redistribution of 6,500 vehicles 
with a further 8,000 to 10,000  
vehicles planned for 2012.

Vehicles redistributed to better 
meet customer requirements

  6,500

 
From January 2011 the Spanish business  
was merged, with the former Fualsa and  
Record businesses now trading under the  
Northgate brand. 

Better network coverage

The previous customers of Fualsa  
and Record were serviced separately 
by 15 and 17 branches respectively. 
The consolidation of the network 
from 32 to 25 sites has enabled us to 
maximise operational efficiency whilst 
delivering improved geographical 
coverage to our customers.

The improved network coverage  
has enabled 1,000 vehicles to be 
redeployed across the country, 
creating greater vehicle availability 
and enabling us to manage customer 
requirements more efficiently  
and effectively.  

Efficient and effective 
operations 

The merger has enabled further 
centralisation of administrative and 
support functions, which commenced 
in 2009 when a single head office  
was established.

The existing ERP system has enabled 
information from the former 
businesses to be consolidated  
into one single IT platform, which  
has facilitated the roll out of  
standardised policies and procedures  
to all employees. 

This shared information has also  
been leveraged upon by the 
commercial sales team to identify 
further opportunities going forward.

Vehicles redeployed, creating 
greater vehicle availability for 
customers

 1,000

Spain

Improving the customer 
experience

Prior to the merger there was 
significant customer overlap between 
Fualsa and Record. Consolidating  
the two businesses has enabled hire 
rates to be harmonised and customer 
service to be standardised. 

Customers now receive a consistent 
and high level of service associated 
with the Northgate brand. Feedback 
has been positive, with many 
customers citing the improved 
geographical coverage of a combined 
business as the key to this success. 

A highly visible fleet

Significant progress has been  
made in rebranding Northgate 
España’s fleet of 43,500 vehicles and 
promoting the new brand in the 
market. Our new website is delivering 
sales opportunities and targeted 
advertising is creating visibility  
of the brand to a wide audience.

A common branding and commercial 
sales operation is enabling us to 
pursue our strategy of diversifying  
the customer base away from 
construction and targeting SME’s.  
This approach will create a more 
stable platform for the business going 
forward and generate improved 
returns from our fleet.

10  One Northgate 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operational review

 “  In an environment where capital has become more scarce and  

expensive, the Group has focused on improving returns on capital 
employed and restoring the strength of the Group’s balance sheet.  
For the year ended 30 April 2011, substantially all of our original targets 
have been met resulting in an improved return on capital employed  
of 11.9% (2010 – 8.4%).”

Group

Vehicle fleet and utilisation

In 2010 the Group commenced a 
comprehensive programme designed to 
restructure the business to enhance both 
customer service and operational 
performance. It was evident at the time  
of the 2010 review that the focus should 
move away from targeting vehicle growth 
via aggressive pricing and an expanding 
network, to identifying markets and 
customers who are prepared to pay the 
correct price for the service offering  
and creating a business that does the 
simple things well and has optimal 
operating efficiency.

In an environment where capital has 
become more scarce and expensive, the 
Group has focused on improving returns 
on capital employed and restoring the 
strength of the Group’s balance sheet.

Bob Contreras 
Chief Executive

Group return on capital employed

2011  11.9%

2010  8.4%

2009  5.8%

To ensure this objective was met, the 
following areas were identified as key  
in both the UK and Spain:
• 
•  Pricing increases;
•  Cost reduction; and 
• 

Improved fleet management;

Improvement in vehicle  
disposal capabilities.

For the year ended 30 April 2011, 
substantially all of the original targets 
have been met resulting in an improved 
return on capital employed7 of 
11.9% (2010 – 8.4%).

In addition, the Group also successfully 
refinanced its borrowing facilities in the 
year, improving terms and increasing the 
maturity of the previous facilities. The 
successful completion of the refinancing 
allows the Group to continue to focus  
on the improvement programme it  
has initiated.

UK

Improvements achieved in pricing, 
operational efficiencies and used vehicle 
residuals, coupled with continued  
strong fleet management have led to  
an increase in operating margin11 from 
18.0% to 22.0%.

11  Operational review 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

The UK fleet size increased slightly to 
61,200 vehicles (April 2010 – 60,900 
vehicles). Vehicle utilisation for the year 
averaged 90% (2010 – 90%8). 

Utilisation remains a key area of focus for 
the Group and the UK will be targeting an 
average rate of 91% going forward.  
The new IT system which was 
implemented across the UK by 31 May 
2011 allows us to measure utilisation daily 
rather than weekly, as was the case 
previously. We estimate that the daily 
target rate of 91% is equivalent to some 
93% under the previous weekly measure.

During the year we purchased 18,900 
vehicles (2010 – 18,800) reflecting the 
Group’s commitment to running a fleet 
with a suitable ageing profile, efficiency 
and reliability. 

The average age of our fleet has increased 
to 22.1 months (April 2010 – 20.8 months).

Hire rates and vehicles on hire

Average hire revenue per vehicle closed  
at over 2% higher than in the prior year. 
This has been impacted by consumer 
demand moving towards smaller vehicles 
to reduce their operational costs. 
Adjusting for this mix impact the 
underlying hire rate increase was some 
4%. Due to the change in vehicle mix, the 
UK saw no increase in its capital cost per 
vehicle despite new vehicle price inflation.

Year on year closing vehicles on hire fell 
by 1,000 (2010 – 600). We believe that 
the increase in pricing achieved has been 
a contributory factor to this reduction. 
Some customers originally moved from 
contract hire or acquisition to flexible 
rental to benefit from the unsustainable 
low rental rates rather than because it 
matched their business requirements.  
The higher rental price has caused them 
to reconsider their mix of fixed to flexible 
fleet, which has resulted in a decline  
in on-hires.

This will not reduce our focus on  
charging the correct price for the service 
provided and all ancillary services and 
costs incurred. Additionally, we will 
continue to seek to attract customers  
for whom flexible rental is the most 
appropriate solution.

Operational review continued

UK operating margin

UK continued

2011  22.0%

2010  18.0%

2009  12.4%

UK average utilisation

2011  90%

2010  90%

2009  86%

Spain operating margin

2011  18.0%

2010  12.7%

2009  12.7%

Spain average utilisation

2011  91%

2010  88%

2009  83%

12  Operational review 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Restructuring and  
operational improvement

In April 2010 we commenced a 
restructuring of the UK business. The 
previous 20 hire companies were initially 
reduced to 12 areas, reducing further  
to seven regions in May 2011, all 
operating under a single brand of 
Northgate Vehicle Hire. 

The vehicle and site rebranding exercise  
is on track with c.15,000 vehicles now 
liveried in the Northgate Vehicle Hire 
brand. This will continue each year as  
the fleet is replaced, and we have a target 
of 33,000 vehicles to be liveried by  
30 April 2012.

Historically the 20 hire companies  
were responsible for vehicles operating 
across the UK, resulting in significant 
inefficiencies due to the difficulty in 
managing vehicle movements out of  
their local geographic areas. In order to 
eliminate this inefficiency, during the year 
we have progressively reallocated fleet 
into the region most suited to service the 
customer involved.

During the year we have identified a 
number of areas of improvement which 
will continue to drive operational 
efficiency and improve customer service. 
These comprise:
• 

Improved IT capability and systems, 
which will allow greater visibility and 
planning of our 53 workshops, leading 
to increased efficiency and utilisation;

•  Further development around driver 
logistics management, which will 
provide the UK with opportunities for 
increasing delivery efficiency;
•  The implementation of the  

UK-wide Enterprise Resource Planning 
(ERP) system, which allows the  
Group to centralise and reduce the 
costs of the UK finance and 
administration function;
Improved sales and operational 
planning, which reduce vehicle holding 
costs and increase sales opportunities.

• 

Of the £10m full year equivalent cost 
savings targeted by 30 April 2011, £9m 
have been achieved in the year, with the 
remaining £1m to be achieved in the year 
ending 30 April 2012 by establishing a 
centralised finance and administrative 
function. The results for the year include 
£6m of this annualised saving. 

In addition to these £10m annualised  
cost savings, the above operational 
improvements will generate ongoing full 
year equivalent cost savings of some  
£5m by April 2012 with total 
implementation costs of c.£3m. Of these 
£5m cost savings, £3m will be achieved  
in the year ending 30 April 2012.

Used vehicle sales

The recovery in resale values for  
used vehicles observed in the last financial 
year continued in the year ended  
30 April 2011.

During the year a total of 18,900  
vehicles (2010 – 22,700 vehicles) were 
sold, with the higher margin retail and 
semi-retail channels accounting for 22% 
(2010 – 19%) of those disposals.

The improvement in the values achieved 
for the vehicles disposed resulted in a 
decrease of £14.2m (2010 – £6.5m) in  
the depreciation charge.

Depot network

As part of the ongoing operational 
improvement programme, we reduced the 
network of hire locations from 65 to 62 
during the year. We continue to move 
towards a structure of larger hubs with  
a smaller number of satellite locations. 
Prior to the year end, we invested in new 
locations in the Midlands, which will 
facilitate further rationalisation of the 
network. More importantly the facilities 
and their location will allow increased 
planning, efficiency and utilisation of the 
network and improve customer service. 
The Group will continue to look for 
further opportunities to invest in the 
network when there is an economic 
benefit of doing so.

We have also commenced a  
programme of investment in our  
existing locations, focusing largely on 
workshop improvement. We envisage  
this programme will run over the next  
two years creating improved efficiency of  
our workshops and customer service.

IT

The UK has completed the roll-out  
of the UK-wide ERP system. This was 
completed by May 2011. The ERP system 
covers operations, asset management  
and finance and will be used as a basis  
to improve customer service and  
reduce costs through further  
operational efficiencies. 

In line with the previous year we were 
able to dispose of 19,000 vehicles  
(2010 – 19,800 vehicles). The 
improvement in resale values achieved  
has resulted in a decrease in the 
depreciation charge of €0.2m compared 
to a €4.7m increase in the prior year.

Bad debts

Debtor management continues to be  
an area of focus, specifically large 
construction debtors as government 
investment programmes continue to 
reduce. The incidence of bad debt in 
Spain in the year ended April 2011 was 
€4.3m, a €6.0m fall from the charge in 
the year ended April 2010 of €10.3m. 
Ongoing improvements in controls and 
processes have further improved days’ 
sales outstanding, falling from 109 as  
at 30 April 2010 to 94 days at  
30 April 2011.

Bob Contreras 
Chief Executive

Spain

Restructuring

Our Spanish business has performed  
well against the ongoing difficult trading 
conditions. Improved fleet management, 
together with improvements in our used 
vehicle disposal capability, have led to 
closing fleet utilisation of 91% (measured 
daily on a consistent basis) and better 
residual values achieved for used vehicles 
when sold. 

Additionally, the ongoing operational 
efficiency and hire rate improvements, as 
well as a reduced incidence of bad debts, 
have more than offset the reduction in 
vehicles on hire to improve the operating 
margin12 to 18.0% (2010 – 12.7%). 

Vehicle fleet and utilisation

The fleet size reduced in line with our 
expectations, from 48,900 vehicles at  
30 April 2010 to 43,500 at 30 April 2011. 
The average utilisation for the year was 
91% (2010 – 88%).

During the year we purchased 13,400 
vehicles (2010 – 9,100) and the average 
age of the fleet reduced from 27.2 
months at 30 April 2010 to 25.0 months 
at 30 April 2011.

Hire rates and vehicles on hire

Average hire revenue per rented vehicle in 
the year was 2% higher than the prior 
year period. This has been achieved 
through a combination of strong pricing 
controls on new vehicles and targeted 
price increases with existing customers. As 
with the UK the mix of vehicles on hire in 
Spain is being impacted by customer 
demand moving towards smaller vehicles.

In line with expectations, vehicles on hire 
fell 4,600 in the year ended 30 April 
2011, from 44,000 vehicles at 30 April 
2010. The increased disposal capability 
and strong operational controls allowed 
Spain to reduce the fleet appropriately 
and maintain strong vehicle utilisations.

From 1 January 2011 the Spanish business 
was merged, with the former Fualsa and 
Record businesses now trading under the 
Northgate brand. Having managed the 
potential negative consequences arising 
from the significant customer overlap,  
the merger was achieved with minimal 
disruption and has resulted in an 
improved customer service. 

As in the UK, significant progress  
has been made in rebranding fleet, 
consolidating locations and promoting  
the brand in the market.

Operating under one brand will 
strengthen our customer service offering 
and will provide annualised benefits of 
c.€4m from January 2011.

Depot network

The size of the hire network in Spain has 
fallen from 32 sites to 25 sites, mainly as a 
result of operating under one brand. As 
part of the restructuring a review was 
carried out to determine which sites 
would maximise operational efficiency 
whilst retaining the required geographical 
coverage across the country.

Of the sites now vacated, an impairment 
provision of €7.8m has been charged 
in the year ended 30 April 2011 to reflect 
estimated current market values of  
these properties. 

Sector focus

As previously reported, a high proportion 
of our Spanish customers have operated 
in the construction industry. In the year 
we have reorganised our commercial  
sales operations to focus on new sectors 
such as wholesale and retail distribution, 
maintenance, and cleaning services, which 
has enabled us to re-profile the customer 
base with construction now accounting 
for 37% of vehicles on hire at the end  
of April 2011 compared to 55% at the 
end of April 2010. 

Used vehicle sales

As targeted, we have increased the 
capability of our Spanish disposal 
network. This has been driven by ongoing 
investment in locations and resource. 
Whilst Spain has seen good progress, 
there is still further development  
required to reach the capabilities of  
our UK business.

13  Operational review 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

For footnote references see page 17.

Financial review

Chris Muir 
Group Finance Director

Financial reporting

Group 

A summary of the Group’s underlying 
financial performance for 2011 with a 
comparison to 2010, is shown below:

Revenue  
Profit from operations1  
Net interest expense13  
Profit before tax2  
Profit after tax3  
Basic earnings per share3  
Return on capital employed7 

2011  
£m  

715.5  
105.6  
(51.8) 
53.8  
38.5  
29.0p  
11.9%  

2010 
£m

749.6
82.8
(46.3)
36.5
28.2
26.8p
8.4%

Group revenue in 2011 decreased by 
4.5% to £715.5m (2010 – £749.6m) or 
3.3% at constant exchange rates.

Net underlying cash generation10 was 
£99.4m (2010 – £184.6m) after net 
capital expenditure of £186.1m  
(2010 – £126.8m) resulting in closing  
net debt4 of £529.9m (2010 – £598.3m).

On a statutory basis, operating profit, 
stated after intangible amortisation  
and exceptional items, has increased  
to £82.6m (2010 – £71.1m) with  
profit before tax increasing to £26.5m  
(2010 – £9.6m). Basic earnings per share 
reduced to 22.1p (2010 – 23.1p). Net 
cash from operations, including net 
capital expenditure on vehicles for hire, 
reduced by £86.2m to £102.3m  
(2010 – £188.5m), with net debt falling 
by 14.0% from £615.1m at 30 April 2010  
to £529.1m at 30 April 2011. Gearing 
improved to 163% (2010 – 219%).

14  Financial review 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

UK

The composition of the Group’s UK 
revenue and profit from operations is set 
out below: 

Revenue  
Vehicle hire 
Vehicle sales 

2011  
£m  

2010 
£m

333.9  
103.0  

328.2
114.3

436.9  

442.5

Profit from operations14  

73.6  

59.0

Rental revenue increased by 1.7% to 
£333.9m (2010 – £328.2m) driven by an 
increase in hire rates of c.2% partially offset 
by a 0.3% reduction in the average number 
of vehicles on hire. 

An improvement in residual values of used 
vehicles contributed £7.7m of the increase 
in profit from operations.

The UK operating margin was as follows:

2011  

2010 

Operating margin11 

 22.0%  

18.0%

The increase is due to an improvement  
in hire rates and used vehicle residual values 
as mentioned above, coupled with cost 
savings targeted through the ongoing 
restructuring of the UK business.

Spain

The revenue and operating profit  
generated by our Spanish operations are  
set out below:

Revenue  
Vehicle hire 
Vehicle sales 

2011  
£m  

2010 
£m

203.3  
75.3  

235.5
71.6

278.6  

307.1

Profit from operations15 

36.6  

30.0

The reduction in average vehicles on hire of 
12.7% contributed to a decrease in rental 
revenue of 13.7% (10.8% at constant 
exchange rates), which was partially offset 
by a c.2% increase in average revenue per 
rented vehicle.

An improvement in used vehicle residual 
values has contributed £4.3m to the  
£6.6m increase in profit from operations 
with 19,000 vehicles sold (2010 – 19,800). 

The Spanish operating margin was  
as follows:

Operating margin12 

18.0%  

12.7%

2011  

2010 

Vehicle rental revenue and profit from 
operations in 2011, expressed at constant 
exchange rates, would have been higher 
than reported by £6.8m and £1.2m 
respectively.

Revenue per rented vehicle increased by 
2% despite a lightening of the fleet mix, 
which reflects targeted price increases and 
an improvement in pricing controls. 

The incidence of bad debt in Spain  
has reduced by £5.4m to £3.7m  
(2010 – £9.1m), equivalent to 1.8% of 
operating margin (2010 – 3.9%) despite no 
significant improvement in the economic 
environment, which demonstrates a major 
improvement in credit control procedures.

Corporate

Corporate costs16 were £4.6m compared 
to £6.1m in the prior year reflecting  
the impact of Board changes previously 
announced.

Return on capital employed

Group return on capital employed7 was 
11.9% compared to 8.4% in the prior year 
and 5.8% in 2009. This represents a 
substantial improvement over the previous 
two years and underlines the Group’s  
success in applying its strategy of maximising 
returns through more efficient fleet 
management and improved hire rates.

Group return on equity, calculated as  
profit after tax (excluding intangible 
amortisation, impairment of intangible 
assets, exceptional administrative expenses 
and exceptional finance costs) divided  
by average shareholders’ funds, was 12% 
(2010 – 12%). 

Exceptional items

During the year £5.6m of restructuring costs 
were incurred, of which £2.4m related to the 
UK, £2.6m related to the merger of Fualsa 
and Record in Spain and £0.6m related to 
corporate costs. 

As part of the merger in Spain, property 
impairments of £6.9m were recognised for 
sites vacated and £5.9m of intangible assets 
were written down in relation to brand 
names no longer used.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
During the year £4.2m of exceptional 
financing costs were incurred, of which 
£2.7m related to unamortised financing 
fees written off in relation to borrowings 
which were treated as extinguished debt 
upon refinancing of the Group in April 
2011. Financing costs of £1.5m were also 
incurred in relation to swap contracts 
which were either cancelled or which no 
longer qualified for hedge accounting 
following the refinancing.

Interest

Net finance charges for the year  
before exceptional items were £51.8m  
(2010 – £46.3m). 

The charge includes £9.4m of non-cash 
interest, primarily from borrowing fees 
amortised in the year (2010 – £5.9m).

Net cash interest has increased by £2.0m 
to £42.4m, with a £15.0m increase due  
to the full year impact of higher rates 
since refinancing in September 2009 
being largely offset by an interest saving 
of £13.0m as a result of the reduction  
in average net debt throughout the year.

Taxation

The Group’s underlying effective tax  
charge for its UK and overseas operations  
is 28% (2010 – 23%). This is higher than 
the previous year, which included a £2m  
tax credit in respect of prior years. 

The underlying tax charge excludes the  
tax on intangible amortisation and 
exceptional items and a credit of £5.9m for 
the recognition of previously unrecognised 
deferred tax assets (2010 – £15.5m). 

Also excluded from the underlying tax 
charge in the year is a £4.2m credit in 
relation to tax provisions which were made 
on acquisition of our Spanish operations 
which have been settled in the year at  
a lower amount. 

Including these items the Group’s 
statutory effective tax charge is (11)% 
(2010 – (153)%).

Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share (EPS)3, were 
8% higher than the previous year at 29.0p 
(2010 – 26.8p). Basic statutory earnings  
per share were 22.1p (2010 – 23.1p). 

Underlying earnings for the purposes  
of EPS3 of £38.5m were £10.3m (36%) 

15  Financial review 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

higher than the previous year (2010 – 
£28.2m). The weighted average number of 
shares for the purposes of EPS was 133m, 
28m higher than the previous year which 
reflects the full year impact of the equity 
raising and rights issue in the prior year.

Dividend

The Directors do not recommend the 
payment of a dividend in relation to the 
Ordinary shares for the year ended  
30 April 2011 (2010 – £Nil). 

Balance sheet 

Net tangible assets at 30 April 2011 were 
£324.4m (2010 – £281.1m), equivalent to a 
tangible net asset value of 243.5p per share 
(2010 – 211.4p per share). 

Gearing5 at 30 April 2011 was 163% 
(2010 – 213%) reflecting a £68m reduction 
in net debt. 

Cash flow

A summary of the Group’s cash flows is 
shown below: 

Underlying operational  
cash generation 
Net capital expenditure  
Net taxation and  

2011  
£m  

2010 
£m

 331.4  
(186.1)  

358.1
(126.8)

interest payments  

(45.9) 

(46.7)

Net underlying  

cash generation10 
Proceeds from issue of  
share capital  
Refinancing fees 
Other 

99.4 

184.6

0.4  
(10.3) 
(2.6)  

108.3
(31.4)
(0.7)

Net cash generated  

86.9  

260.8

Opening net debt4 
Net cash generated 
Financing fees*  
Other non-cash items 
Exchange differences 

598.3  
(86.9)  
6.4  
3.4 
8.7 

886.4
(260.8)
(18.2)
–
(9.1)

Closing net debt4 

529.9 

598.3

* 

Financing fees paid and amortised as well as issue  
of make-whole notes

Underlying operational cash generation  
(as defined in the table above) of  
£331.4m, coupled with tight control over 
capital expenditure of £186.1m have 
contributed to a £68.4m reduction in net 
debt4 to a closing position of £529.9m.

A total of £343.6m was invested in new 
vehicles in order to replace fleet compared 
to £299.1m in the prior year. This increase 
primarily related to 4,300 more units 
purchased in Spain compared to the 
previous year, which brought the  
average age of the fleet down from 27  

to 25 months. The Group’s new vehicle  
outlay was partially funded by £161.2m  
of cash generated from the sale of used 
vehicles. Other net capital expenditure 
amounted to £3.7m. 

After capital expenditure, and payments of 
interest and tax of £45.9m, net underlying 
cash generation10 was £99.4m, compared 
to £184.6m in the previous year.

Borrowing facilities

The new financing arrangements  
came into effect in April 2011 and  
comprise committed secured facilities of 
£739m. Including local facilities in Spain  
of £42m, Group facilities amounted to 
£781m compared to debt (gross of £26m 
of unamortised arrangement fees) of 
£556m at 30 April 2011 giving headroom9 
of £225m.

US loan notes bear fixed interest of 8.7%. 
M&G loan interest is charged at LIBOR 
+4.25%. This has been swapped into fixed 
rate debt at a rate of 8.3%. A proportion of 
bank debt is fixed at 5.1% giving an overall 
fixed rate debt of 7.1%. Including floating 
rate debt, the overall cost of the Group’s 
borrowings is 6.6%.

The margin charged on bank debt is 
dependent upon the Group’s net debt to 
EBITDA ratio, and ranges from a maximum  
of 3.25% to a minimum of 2.25%. The  
net debt to EBITDA ratio at 30 April 2011 
corresponds to a bank margin of 2.75%.

The Group made total borrowing  
repayments of £175m in the year. This 
included repayments of £89m under the 
previous financing arrangements, £78m  
of the M&G loan received being paid to 
existing lenders and make-whole payments 
of £8m to US loan noteholders.

The repayment of bank borrowings from  
the receipt of monies from the Sterling M&G 
loan was made against Euro denominated 
bank debt. The equivalent amount of M&G 
loan was swapped into Euro borrowings in 
order to maintain the net investment 
hedging position of the Group.

Scheduled bank repayments of £74m are 
due in November 2012 before the facilities 
mature in September 2014.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial review continued

Borrowing facilities continued

The Group’s facilities and their maturities

US loan note repayments and maturities 
of £47m are due in November 2012, with 
£46m maturing in December 2013 and 
£77m in December 2016.

The M&G loan is repayable in three  
equal instalments in October 2017, April 
2018 and April 2019.

There are four financial covenants6 under 
the Group’s revised facilities as follows: 

1  Interest cover ratio

A minimum ratio of earnings before  
interest and taxation (EBIT) to net interest 
costs tested quarterly on a rolling historic 
12 month basis. The covenant ratio  
to be exceeded ranges between 1.50x 
and 2.25x. 

Interest cover at 30 April 2011 was  
2.1x with EBIT headroom, all else being 
equal, of c.£25m.

2  Minimum tangible net worth

A minimum tangible net worth, i.e. net 
assets excluding goodwill and intangibles, 
tested quarterly. This covenant has been 
set at 80% of the net tangible assets  
at 30 April 2010 as adjusted for 80%  
of budgeted cumulative retained profits 
planned at the time of refinancing.

Headroom at 30 April 2011 was c.£85m.

3  Loan to value

A maximum ratio of total consolidated  
net borrowings to the book value of 
vehicles for hire, vehicles held for resale, 
trade receivables and freehold property, 
tested quarterly. The covenant ratio which 
must not be exceeded ranges between 
70% and 80%. 

Loan to value at 30 April 2011 was  
63% giving net debt headroom, all else 
being equal, of c.£154m.

4  Debt leverage cover ratio

A maximum ratio of net debt to  
earnings before interest, tax, depreciation  
and amortisation (EBITDA), tested 
quarterly on a rolling historic 12 month 
basis. The covenant ratio which must  
not be exceeded ranges between  
2.00x and 2.25x.

Debt leverage cover at 30 April 2011 was 
1.7x with EBITDA headroom, all else being 
equal, of c.£81m.

16  Financial review 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Facility 
£m 

Drawn   Headroom 
£m 

£m  

Maturity

Bank 
US loan notes 
M&G loan 
Other loans 

468  
170  
101  
42  

257  
170  
101 
28  

211 
– 
– 
14 

September 2014 
November 2012 to December 2016 
October 2017 to April 2019 
Up to November 2012

781 

556  

225

Committed facilities (£m)

42

468

15

468

394

394

170

170

101

101

123

101

77

101

77

101

77

101

101

34

  FY11  

FY12  

FY13  

FY14  

FY15 

 FY16 

 FY17  

FY18 

 Bank facilities 
 US loan notes 
 M&G loan 
 Other

Treasury

Liquidity and funding

The function of Group Treasury is to 
mitigate financial risk, to ensure sufficient 
liquidity is available to meet foreseeable 
requirements to secure finance at 
minimum cost and to invest cash assets 
securely and profitably. Treasury operations 
manage the Group’s funding, liquidity and 
exposure to interest rate risks within a 
framework of policies and guidelines 
authorised by the Board of Directors.

The Group uses derivative financial 
instruments for risk management 
purposes only. Consistent with Group 
policy, Group Treasury does not engage in 
speculative activity and it is policy to avoid 
using more complex financial instruments.

Credit risk

The policy followed in managing credit 
risk permits only minimal exposures, with 
banks and other institutions meeting 
required standards as assessed normally 
by reference to major credit agencies. 
Deals are authorised only with banks with 
which dealing mandates have been 
agreed and which maintain a Double  
A rating. Individual aggregate credit 
exposures are limited accordingly.

The Group has sufficient funding facilities 
to meet its normal funding requirements  
in the medium term as discussed above. 
Covenants attached to those facilities as 
discussed above are not restrictive to the 
Group’s operations. 

Capital management

The Group’s objective is to maintain a 
balance sheet structure that is efficient in 
terms of providing long term returns to 
shareholders and safeguards the Group’s 
financial position through economic cycles.

Operating subsidiary undertakings are 
financed by a combination of retained 
earnings, loan notes, other loans and bank 
borrowings, including medium term  
bank loans.

The Group can choose to adjust its  
capital structure by varying the amount of 
dividends paid to shareholders, by issuing 
new shares or by adjusting the level of 
capital expenditure. As discussed above, 
gearing5 at 30 April 2011 was 163% 
compared to 213% at 30 April 2010. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate management

The Group’s bank facilities and other  
loan agreements incorporate variable 
interest rates. The Group seeks to manage 
the risks associated with fluctuating 
interest rates by having in place a number 
of financial instruments covering at  
least 50% of its borrowings at any time. 
The proportion of gross borrowings 
hedged into fixed rates was 84% at  
30 April 2011 (2010 – 71%).

Foreign exchange risk

The Group’s reporting currency is, and  
the majority of its revenue (60%) is 
generated in pounds sterling. The Group’s 
principal currency translation exposure is  
to the Euro, as the results of operations, 
assets and liabilities of its Spanish and  
Irish businesses must be translated  
into Sterling to produce the Group’s 
consolidated financial statements.

The average and year end exchange rates 
used to translate the Group’s overseas 
operations were as follows: 

Average 
Year end 

2011  
£:€  

1.17  
1.12  

2010 
£:€

1.13
1.15

The Group manages its exposure to 
currency fluctuations on retranslation of  
the balance sheets of those subsidiary 
undertakings whose functional currency  
is in Euro by maintaining a proportion of  
its borrowings in the same currency.  
In addition, the Group has entered into a 
number of GBP/EUR cross-currency swaps 
which are designated as net investment 
hedges. The hedging objective is to reduce 
the risk of spot retranslation of the Euro 
subsidiaries from Euro to Sterling at each 
reporting date. The hedges are considered 
highly effective in the current and prior  
year and the exchange differences arising 
on the borrowings and net investment 
hedges have been recognised directly 
within equity along with the exchange 
differences on retranslation of the net 
assets of the Euro subsidiaries.

17  Financial review 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

The Group has in issue US dollar 
denominated loan notes which bear  
fixed rate interest in US dollars. The 
payment of this interest and the capital 
repayment of the loan notes at scheduled 
repayment dates and maturity expose  
the Group to foreign exchange risk.  
To mitigate this risk, the Group has 
entered into a series of Sterling/US dollar 
cross-currency swaps. The effective start 
dates and termination dates of these 
contracts are the same as the loan notes 
against which hedging relationships are 
designated. The Group will have interest 
cash outflows in pounds sterling and 
interest cash inflows in US dollars over the 
life of the contracts. On the termination 
date of each of the contracts, the Group 
will pay a principal amount in pounds 
sterling and receive a principal amount  
in US dollars. 

Going concern 

In determining whether the Group’s  
2011 accounts should be prepared on  
a going concern basis the Directors 
considered all factors likely to affect its 
future development, performance and its 
financial position, including cash flows, 
liquidity position and borrowing facilities 
and the risks and uncertainties relating  
to its business activities in the current 
economic climate.

The key risks and uncertainties of the 
Group are outlined on pages 18 and 19. 
Measures taken by the Directors in order 
to mitigate those risks are also outlined. 

The Directors have reviewed trading and 
cash flow forecasts as part of their going 
concern assessment, including reasonably 
possible downside sensitivities, which  
take into account the uncertainties in the 
current operating environment.

The Group has sufficient headroom 
compared to its committed borrowing 
facilities and against all covenants as 
detailed in this report. 

Having considered all the factors above 
impacting the Group’s businesses, 
including reasonably possible downside 
sensitivities, the Directors are satisfied  
that the Group will be able to operate 
within the terms and conditions of  
the Group’s financing facilities for the 
foreseeable future.

The Directors have a reasonable 
expectation that the Company and the 
Group have adequate resources to 
continue in operational existence for the 
foreseeable future. Accordingly, they 
continue to adopt the going concern basis 
in preparing the Group’s 2011 accounts.

Chris Muir 
Group Finance Director

1  Stated before intangible amortisation of £4.7m (2010 
– £5.0m), impairment of intangible assets of £5.9m 
(2010 – £Nil) and exceptional administrative expenses 
of £12.5m (2010 – £6.7m).

2  Stated before intangible amortisation of £4.7m (2010 
– £5.0m), impairment of intangible assets of £5.9m 
(2010 – £Nil), exceptional administrative expenses of 
£12.5m (2010 – £6.7m) and exceptional finance 
costs of £4.2m (2010 – £15.2m).

3  Stated before intangible amortisation of £4.7m (2010 
– £5.0m), impairment of intangible assets of £5.9m 
(2010 – £Nil), exceptional administrative expenses of 
£12.5m (2010 – £6.7m), exceptional finance costs of 
£4.2m (2010 – £15.2m) and tax on intangible 
amortisation, exceptional items and exceptional tax 
credit of £18.2m (2010 – £23.0m).

4  Net debt taking into account swapped exchange 

rates for US loan notes and proportion of M&G loan 
swapped into Euro being retranslated to Sterling at 
closing exchange rates.

5  Calculated as tangible net assets divided by net 

debt4,with tangible net assets being net assets less 
goodwill and other intangible assets.

6  Calculated in accordance with covenant requirements 

of the Group’s financing arrangements.

7  Calculated as operating profit1 divided by average capital 
employed, being shareholders funds plus net debt4.
8   Utilisation rate for 2010 restated, removing free of 

charge customer loans. 

9   Headroom calculated as facilities of £781m less net 
borrowings of £556m. Facilities and net borrowings 
stated taking into account the fixed swapped 
exchange rates for US loan notes and proportion of 
M&G loans swapped into Euro being retranslated to 
Sterling at closing exchange rates. Net borrowings 
represent net debt of £530m gross of £26m of 
unamortised arrangement fees and are stated after 
the deduction of £97m of cash balances, which are 
available to offset against borrowings.

10   Net increase in cash and cash equivalents before 

financing activities. 

11  Calculated as operating profit14, divided by revenue of 
£333.9m (2010 – £328.2m), excluding vehicle sales.

12  Calculated as operating profit15, divided by 

revenue of £203.3m (2010 – £235.5m), excluding 
vehicle sales.

13  Stated before exceptional finance costs of £4.2m 

(2010 – £15.2m).

14  Excluding amortisation of intangible assets of £3.2m 
(2010 – £3.0m) and exceptional administrative 
expenses of £2.4m (2010 – £5.8m).

15  Excluding amortisation of intangible assets of £1.4m 

(2010 – £2.0m), impairment of intangible assets of 
£5.9m (2010 – £Nil) and exceptional administrative 
expenses of £9.4m (2010 – credit of £(0.1)m).
16  Excluding exceptional administrative expenses of 

£0.6m (2010 – £1.1m).

 
 
 
 
 
Principal risks  
and uncertainties

The operation of a public company involves a number of risks  
and uncertainties across a full range of commercial, operational and 
financial areas. The principal risks and uncertainties that have been 
identified as being capable of impacting the Group’s performance  
over the next financial year are set out below.

Economic environment 

Vehicle holding costs 

Impact 

Mitigation 

There is a link in our business between  
the demand for our products and services 
and the levels of economic activity in the 
countries in which the Group operates. 
The high level of operational gearing in 
our business model means that changes  
in demand can lead to higher levels of 
variation in profitability.

The construction industry and other key 
markets of the Group have been 
particularly sensitive to the downturn  
in the economic climate which has led  
to a decline in the number of vehicles 
rented in recent years.

The underlying macro-economic 
conditions have also increased the risk  
of customer failure, particularly in Spain, 
which may lead to the occurrence of 
increased bad debt charges.

The Group generates a large proportion 
of revenue from customers in the 
construction industry but is seeking  
to diversify its customer base across  
a range of market segments.

The overall holding cost of a vehicle is 
affected by the pricing levels of new 
vehicles and the disposal value of  
vehicles sold. 

The Group purchases substantially all of 
its fleet from suppliers with no agreement 
for the repurchase of a vehicle at the end 
of its hire life cycle. The Group is therefore 
exposed to fluctuations in residual values 
in the used vehicle market.

An increase in the holding cost of  
vehicles, if not recovered through hire  
rate increases, would affect profitability, 
shareholder return and cash generation.

Should there be a further significant 
economic downturn the flexible nature  
of the Group’s business model enables 
vehicles to be placed with other 
customers. Alternatively, utilisation can  
be maintained through a combination  
of a decrease in vehicle purchases and 
increase in disposals, which although 
affecting short term profitability, 
generates cash and reduces debt levels.

An economic downturn also presents 
opportunities to increase rentals to 
customers wishing to benefit from the 
Group’s flexible renting solutions, either 
due to a lack of available finance or  
an unwillingness to commit to long  
term rental. 

No individual customer contributes  
more than five per cent of total revenue 
generated, and ongoing credit analysis  
is performed on new and existing 
customers to assess credit risk. 

Risk is managed on new pricing by 
negotiating fixed pricing terms with 
manufacturers a year in advance. 
Flexibility is maintained to make  
purchases throughout the year under 
variable supply terms.

Flexibility in our business model allows  
us to determine the period over which  
we hold a vehicle and therefore in the 
event of a decline in residual values we 
would attempt to mitigate the impact  
by ageing out our existing fleet.

Competition and hire rates 

The Group operates in highly competitive 
markets with competitors often pursuing 
aggressive pricing actions to increase hire 
volumes. The market is also fragmented 
with numerous competitors at a local and 
national level.

The Group is now more strongly focused 
on maximising return on capital and so 
hire rates are not being reduced below 
certain hurdle rates. In co-ordinating this 
policy with fleet management, utilisations 
are being maintained at higher rates.

As our business is highly operationally 
geared, any increase or decrease in hire 
rates will impact profit and shareholder 
returns to a greater effect.

Our current pricing strategy is focused on 
charging the correct price for the service 
provided and all ancillary services offered 
which will attract customers for whom 
flexible rental is the most appropriate 
solution but not necessarily the cheapest. 
This means that the Group will be better 
positioned against solely price led 
competition going forward.

18  Principal risks and uncertainties 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Access to capital 

IT systems 

Change management 

Impact 

Mitigation 

The Group requires capital to both replace 
vehicles that have reached the end of 
their useful life and for growth in the 
fleet. Additionally, due to the level of the 
Group’s indebtedness, a significant 
proportion of the Group’s cash flow is 
required to service its debt obligations.  
In order to continue to access its credit 
facilities the Group needs to remain in 
compliance with its financial covenants 
throughout the term of its facilities. 
Current bank facilities are due to mature 
in September 2014 with other facilities 
having varying maturity dates up to April 
2019. There is a risk that the Group 
cannot successfully extend its facilities 
past this date. Failure to access sufficient 
financing or meet financial covenants 
could potentially adversely affect the 
prospects of the Group. 

The Group’s business involves a high 
volume of transactions and the need  
to track assets which are located at 
numerous sites. 

Reliance is placed upon the proper 
functioning of IT systems for the effective 
running of operations. Any interruption  
to the Group’s IT systems would have a 
materially adverse effect on its business.

The UK and Spain businesses are currently 
undertaking restructuring programmes 
which seek to improve the operational 
efficiency of the Group, with the aim of 
increasing returns to shareholders and 
placing the Group in a better position  
for future expansion, or to be more 
resilient to any further downturns in the 
economic environment. 

If these programmes are not executed 
effectively, the Group will not be in a 
position to achieve its objectives, and 
profitability and shareholder returns  
will be impacted.

Financial covenants are reviewed on a 
monthly basis in conjunction with cash 
flow forecasts to ensure ongoing 
compliance. If there is a shortfall in  
cash generated from operations and/or 
available under its credit facilities  
the Group would reduce its capital 
requirements. 

The Group believes that its existing 
facilities provide adequate resources  
for present requirements.

The impact of access to capital on the 
wider risk of going concern is considered 
on page 17. 

Prior to any material systems changes 
being implemented the Board approves a 
project plan. The project is then led by a 
member of the executive team, with an 
ongoing implementation review being 
carried out by internal audit and external 
consultants where appropriate. The 
objective is always to minimise the risk 
that business interruption could occur  
as a result of the system changes.

Additionally, the Group has an  
appropriate business continuity plan in  
the event of interruption arising from  
an IT systems failure.

The Board and its advisors conducted 
detailed reviews of the restructuring 
strategy before it commenced, and  
each project is subject to an ongoing 
assessment at Board level. The 
restructuring strategies have been 
communicated to all employees.  
Risks arising through the process are 
continually monitored and mitigating 
actions are taken when required.

19  Principal risks and uncertainties 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Board of Directors

  “ We enter the new financial year with a  

clear programme for operational improvement.  
Our focus will remain on improving returns  
and further progress is planned in the coming  
year through hire rate improvement, efficient  
fleet management, further cost reductions  
and cash generation.” 

1

2

3

4

5

6

1  Bob Mackenzie ACA
  Chairman

2  Bob Contreras ACA
  Chief Executive

3  Chris Muir ACA
  Group Finance Director

4  Andrew Allner FCA
  Non-executive Director

5  Jan Astrand MBA
  Non-executive Director

6  Tom Brown MBA
  Non-executive Director and  
Senior Independent Director

20  Board of Directors

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

 
Bob Mackenzie ACA 

Andrew Allner FCA 

Board Committees

Audit and Risk
•  Andrew Allner (Chairman)
•  Jan Astrand
•  Tom Brown

Remuneration
•  Tom Brown (Chairman)
•  Andrew Allner
•  Jan Astrand
•  Bob Mackenzie

Nominations
•  Bob Mackenzie (Chairman)
•  Andrew Allner
•  Jan Astrand
•  Tom Brown

Appointed to the Board as Chairman in 
February 2010. Prior to his appointment,  
he was Chief Executive of Sea Containers 
Ltd, including the Chairmanship of its 
subsidiary GNER. He was until recently 
Chairman of Dometic Holdings AB, a 
Swedish based manufacturing company.  
He was previously Chairman of PHS Group 
plc and held senior executive board 
appointments with National Parking 
Corporation, BET plc, Storehouse plc and 
Hanson plc. He has also acted as a senior 
adviser to a number of private equity funds. 
He qualified as a Chartered Accountant 
with KPMG in 1978. Age 58. 

Bob Contreras ACA 

Appointed Chief Executive on 7 June 
2010 having been Group Finance Director 
since June 2008 when he joined the 
Group. A Chartered Accountant, Bob  
has held senior positions with Azlan 
Group plc, Damovo Group SA and most 
recently with Mölnlycke Healthcare 
Group. Age 48. 

Chris Muir ACA

Appointed to the Board as Group Finance 
Director on 19 May 2011. Chris originally 
joined Northgate as Group Accountant in 
2003, being appointed Group Financial 
Controller in March 2004 and UK Finance 
Director in May 2006. Qualifying as a 
Chartered Accountant in 1999, Chris 
worked for Deloitte LLP from 1997 until 
2003, leaving as a manager. Chris has a 
first class honours degree in Economics  
and Accountancy from the University  
of Newcastle upon Tyne. Age 35.

Appointed to the Board as a  
non-executive Director and to the Chair  
of the Audit and Risk Committee in 
September 2007. Andrew is currently 
Chairman of Marshalls plc and also serves 
as non-executive Director and Chairman 
of the Audit Committee at AZ Electronic 
Materials SA, the Go-Ahead Group plc 
and CSR plc. He was Group Finance 
Director of RHM plc, taking a lead role in 
its flotation in July 2005 on the London 
Stock Exchange. Prior to joining RHM plc, 
Andrew was CEO of Enodis plc and has 
served in senior executive positions with 
Dalgety plc, Amersham International  
plc and Guinness plc. He was also a 
non-executive director of Moss Bros 
Group plc from 2001 to 2005. A graduate 
of Oxford University, he is a former 
partner of Price Waterhouse and is a 
Fellow of the Institute of Chartered 
Accountants in England and Wales.  
Age 57.

Jan Astrand MBA 

Appointed to the Board as a  
non-executive Director in February 2001. 
Jan is also currently a non-executive 
Director of Lavendon Group plc. A 
Swedish national based in London, Jan 
was Chairman of CRC Group plc until 
January 2007. Prior to this, he was 
Chairman of Car Park Group AB in 
Stockholm and also Senior Independent 
Director of PHS Group Plc. From 1994  
to 1999 he was President and  
Chief Executive of Axus (International) Inc. 
(previously known as Hertz Leasing 
International). From 1989 to 1994 he  
was Vice President, Finance and 
Administration and Chief Financial Officer 
of Hertz (Europe) Ltd. Age 64. 

Tom Brown MBA 

Appointed to the Board as a non-executive 
Director in April 2005 and appointed Senior 
Independent Director in June 2007. Tom  
is Chairman of Chamberlin plc, a Director 
of a number of private companies, and  
a member of the Economics Committee  
of the EEF. He was previously Group Chief 
Executive of United Industries plc and 
before that Group Managing Director of 
Fenner plc. Age 62.

21  Board of Directors

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

 
 
 
Report of the Directors

The Directors present their report and the audited 
accounts for the year ended 30 April 2011.

Results

Profit for the year after taxation was £29,393,000 (2010 – 
£24,356,000).

No interim dividend was paid on the Ordinary shares.

The Directors do not recommend the payment of a final dividend on 
the Ordinary shares.

Principal activities and business review

The Company is an investment holding company.

The principal subsidiaries are listed in Note 18 to the accounts.

The information that fulfils the requirements of the Business Review, 
together with a description of the principal activities of the business, 
can be found in the Operational Review and Financial Review on 
pages 11 to 19, which are incorporated in this report by reference.

A description of the principal risks and uncertainties facing the 
Company and the Group is set out on pages 18 and 19 which are 
incorporated into this report by reference.

Close company status

So far as the Directors are aware the close company provisions of 
the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 do not apply to the 
Company.

Capital structure

Details of the issued share capital, together with details of any 
movements during the year are shown in Note 26. The Company 
has one class of Ordinary share which carries no right to fixed 
income. Each share carries the right to one vote at general meetings 
of the Company.

The cumulative Preference shares of 50p each entitle the holder to 
receive a cumulative preferential dividend at the rate of 5% on the 
paid up capital and the right to a return of capital at either winding 
up or a repayment of capital. The cumulative Preference shares do 
not entitle the holders to any further or other participation in the 
profits or assets of the Company.

The percentage of the issued nominal value of the Ordinary shares is 
99.255% of the total issued nominal value of all share capital.

There are no specific restrictions on the size of a holding nor on 
the transfer of shares, which are both governed by the general 
provisions of the Articles of Association (‘the Articles’) and prevailing 
legislation. The Directors are not aware of any agreements between 
holders of the Company’s shares that may result in restrictions on 
the transfer of securities or on voting rights.

Details of employee share schemes are set out in the Remuneration 
Report. Shares held by the Capita Trust are voted on the instructions 
of the employees on whose behalf they are held. Shares in the 
Guernsey Trust are voted at the discretion of the Trustees.

No person has any special rights of control over the Company’s 
share capital and all issued shares are fully paid.

With regards to the appointment and replacement of Directors, 
the Company is governed by its Articles of Association, the UK 
Corporate Governance Code, the Companies Act and related 

legislation. The Articles themselves may be amended by special 
resolution of the shareholders. The powers of Directors are set out in 
the Articles.

The Directors are not aware of any agreements between the 
Company and its Directors or employees that provide for 
compensation for loss of office or employment that occurs because 
of a takeover bid.

Interests in shares

The following interests in the issued Ordinary share capital of the 
Company have been notified to the Company in accordance with the 
provisions of Chapter 5 of the Disclosure and Transparency Rules:

30 April 2011

29 June 2011

Standard Life 
Investments Limited

17,261,848 (12.96%) 15,954,460 (11.97%)

Blackrock Inc

6,730,413 (5.05%)

6,730,413 (5.05%)

Legal & General 
Group plc

6,571,010 (4.93%)

6,571,010 (4.93%)

Aviva plc

6,705,837 (5.03%)

6,557,699 (4.92%)

Artemis Investment 
Management Ltd

6,452,112 (4.84%)

6,452,112 (4.84%)

In addition to the above, Capital Group notified an indirect interest 
in 4,149,068 Ordinary shares of 5p each in January 2008, then 
representing 5.9% of the issued Ordinary share capital. As no later 
notification, post rights and consolidation has been received, it is 
assumed that Capital Group, as investment managers, still retains 
an interest of between 5% and 10% of the current issued Ordinary 
share capital.

Directors

Details of the present Directors are listed on pages 20 and 21. 
All have served throughout the year except Chris Muir who was 
appointed on 19 May 2011. Paul Tallentire resigned from the Board 
with effect from 4 June 2010.

Last year the Board adopted the provision in the new UK Corporate 
Governance Code (which replaces the Combined Code with effect 
from accounting periods beginning on or after 29 June 2010) which 
requires all directors of FTSE 350 companies to be subject to annual 
election. Accordingly, in addition to Chris Muir, appointed after the 
year end, resolutions to re-appoint all the other Directors in office at 
the date of this report will be proposed at the Annual General Meeting.

The termination provisions in respect of executive Directors’ contracts 
are set out in the Remuneration Report on pages 25 to 29.

22 Report of the Directors 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

The following are the interests of the Directors who were in office at 
the end of the financial year in the share capital of the Company. All 
interests are beneficial.

AJ Allner

JG Astrand

THP Brown

RL Contreras

RD Mackenzie

Ordinary Shares
 of 50p each
30 April 2011

Ordinary Shares
 of 50p each 
1 May 2010

13,090

51,920

52,634

115,048

100,000

13,090

51,920

52,634

105,000

–

No Director has an interest in the Preference shares of the Company.

No changes in the above interests have occurred between 30 April 
2011 and the date of this report. Chris Muir held 12,657 Ordinary 
shares on his appointment to the Board on 19 May 2011.

Details of options held by the Directors under the Company’s various 
share schemes are given in the Remuneration Report on pages 25 
to 29.

Directors’ indemnities

As permitted by the Company’s Articles of Association, qualifying 
third party indemnities for each Director of the Company were in 
place throughout the year and remained in force as at the date of 
signing of this report. The Company’s Articles of Association are 
available on the Company’s website.

Donations

During the year the Group made charitable donations of 
£5,000 (2010 – £13,000) principally to local charities serving the 
communities in which the Group operates.

No political donations were made.

Payment of suppliers

The Group’s policy is to pay suppliers within normal trading terms 
agreed with that supplier. The policy is made known to the staff 
who handle payments to suppliers. At 30 April 2011 the Group’s 
creditor days were as shown in Note 21 to the accounts.

Employee consultation

Employees are kept informed on matters affecting them as 
employees and on various issues affecting the performance of the 
Group through announcements on the Group’s intranet, to which 
all employees have access, formal and informal meetings at local 
level and direct written communications. All employees are eligible 
to participate on an equal basis in the Group’s share incentive plan, 
which has been running successfully since its inception in 2000.

Disabled employees

Applications for employment by disabled persons are given full 
consideration, taking into account the aptitudes of the applicant 
concerned. Every effort is made to try to ensure that employees who 
become disabled whilst already employed are able to continue in 
employment by making reasonable adjustments in the workplace, 
arranging appropriate training or providing suitable alternative 

employment. It is Group policy that the training, career development 
and promotion of disabled persons should, as far as possible, be the 
same as that of other employees. The Group’s equal opportunity 
policy is available on the Company’s website.

Remuneration report

As required by the Directors’ Remuneration Report Regulations 
2002, the Remuneration Report, set out on pages 25 to 29, will be 
put to shareholders for approval at the Annual General Meeting.

Power to allot shares

The present authority of the Directors to allot shares was granted at 
the Annual General Meeting held in September 2010 and expires 
at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting. A resolution to renew 
that authority for a period expiring at the conclusion of the Annual 
General Meeting to be held in 2012 will be proposed at the Annual 
General Meeting. The authority will permit the Directors to allot 
up to an aggregate nominal amount of £22m of share capital 
which represents less than 33% of the present issued Ordinary 
share capital and is within the limits approved by the Investment 
Committees of the Association of British Insurers and the National 
Association of Pension Funds.

The Directors have no present intention of exercising such authority 
and no issue of shares which would effectively alter the control 
of the Company will be made without the prior approval of 
shareholders in general meeting.

A special resolution will be proposed to renew the authority of the 
Directors to allot Ordinary shares for cash other than to existing 
shareholders on a proportionate basis. The authority will be limited 
to an aggregate nominal amount of £3,330,000 representing 
approximately 5% of the current issued Ordinary share capital.

The Directors have no present intention of exercising this authority 
and confirm their intention to follow the provisions of the Pre-
emption Group’s Statement of Principles regarding cumulative 
use of such authorities within a rolling three year period. The 
Principles provide that companies should not issue shares for cash 
representing more than 7.5% of the Company’s issued share capital 
in any rolling three year period, other than to existing shareholders, 
without prior consultation with shareholders.

Length of notice of general meetings

The minimum notice period permitted by the Companies Act 2006 
for general meetings of listed companies is 21 days, but the Act 
provides that companies may reduce this period to 14 days (other 
than for AGMs) provided that two conditions are met. The first 
condition is that the Company offers a facility for shareholders to 
vote by electronic means. This condition is met if the Company 
offers a facility, accessible to all shareholders, to appoint a proxy 
by means of a website. Please refer to Note 5 to the Notice of 
Annual General Meeting on page 87 for details of the Company’s 
arrangements for electronic proxy appointment. The second 
condition is that there is an annual resolution of shareholders 
approving the reduction of the minimum notice period from 21 days 
to 14 days.

A resolution to approve 14 days as the minimum period of notice 
for all general meetings of the Company other than AGMs will 
be proposed at the Annual General Meeting. The approval will be 

23 Report of the Directors 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Report of the Directors continued

effective until the Company’s next AGM, when it is intended that 
the approval be renewed.

Deferred annual bonus plan

The Deferred Annual Bonus Plan ('the Plan') was introduced in 2003 
for executive Directors and senior and middle management. Under 
the Plan, part of any annual bonus is delivered in cash and part in 
the form of a deferred share award which normally vests after three 
years. The Plan is currently restricted to using existing shares sourced 
via the Company’s employee benefit trust to satisfy the deferred 
share awards. The Company would like the flexibility to also use 
newly issued and treasury shares in connection with the operation 
of the Plan (within standard shareholder dilution limits). Resolution 
14 being put to shareholders at the 2011 AGM seeks shareholder 
approval of the Plan to provide for such flexibility. A full summary of 
the principal terms of the Plan is set out in the first Appendix to the 
notice of AGM.

Management performance share plan

The Management Performance Share Plan (MPSP) was adopted 
by the Board in 2006. Participants in the MPSP receive contingent 
share awards which ordinarily vest after three years subject to the 
achievement of performance conditions and continued employment. 
The MPSP operates only for executives below Board level. The 
MPSP is currently restricted to using existing shares sourced via the 
Company’s employee benefit trust. The Company would like the 
flexibility to also use newly issued and treasury shares in connection 
with the operation of the MPSP (within standard shareholder 
dilution limits). Resolution 15 being put to shareholders at the 2011 
AGM seeks shareholder approval of the MPSP to provide for such 
flexibility. A full summary of the principal terms of the MPSP is set 
out in the second Appendix to the notice of AGM. 

Financial instruments

Details of the Group’s use of financial instruments are given in the 
Financial Review on pages 16 and 17 and in Notes 23 and 39 to 
the accounts.

Auditor

In the case of each of the persons who are Directors of the 
Company at the date when this report was approved:

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

so far as each of the Directors is aware, there is no relevant 
audit information of which the Company’s auditor 
is unaware; and
each of the Directors has taken all the steps that he ought 
to have taken as a Director to make himself aware of any 
relevant audit information (as defined) and to establish that the 
Company’s auditor is aware of that information.

This confirmation is given and should be interpreted in accordance 
with the provisions of s418 Companies Act 2006.

A resolution for the re-appointment of Deloitte LLP as auditor 
of the Company will be proposed at the forthcoming Annual 
General Meeting. This proposal is supported by the Audit and 
Risk Committee.

By order of the Board

D Henderson
Secretary

29 June 2011

24 Report of the Directors 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Remuneration report

The Remuneration Committee has written terms 
of reference which are available on the Company’s 
website. Membership of the Committee is shown 
on page 21.

Service contracts

The executive Directors have rolling service contracts, which may 
be terminated by 12 months notice from the Company or by six 
months notice from the Director. The dates of the contracts are:

The Committee is responsible for making recommendations to the 
Board on the remuneration packages and terms and conditions 
of employment of the Chairman, the executive Directors of the 
Company and of the Company Secretary. The Committee also 
reviews remuneration policy generally throughout the Group. The 
Committee consults with the Chief Executive who may be invited 
to attend meetings. The Company Secretary is secretary to the 
Committee. Neither the Chief Executive nor the Company Secretary 
take part in discussions relating to their own remuneration.

The senior executives below Board level, both in the UK and Spain, 
also have a significant influence on the ability of the Company 
to achieve its goals. Accordingly, in addition to setting the 
remuneration of the executive Directors, the Committee also reviews 
the remuneration for these senior employees, to ensure that rewards 
are competitive with the market and that they are appropriate 
relative to the Board and to the remaining employees.

The Committee has access to external independent advice on matters 
relating to remuneration. During the year the Committee took advice 
from Hewitt New Bridge Street (HNBS) on remuneration matters and 
share scheme implementation. HNBS is appointed by the Committee 
and undertakes no other work for the Company or the Group. 
The terms of engagement between the Committee and HNBS are 
available on request from the Company Secretary.

Remuneration policy

The Committee aims to ensure that executive Directors are fairly and 
competitively rewarded for their individual contributions by means 
of basic salary, benefits in kind and pension benefits. High levels of 
performance are recognised by annual bonuses and the motivation 
to achieve the maximum benefit for shareholders in the future is 
provided by the allocation of long term share incentives. Only basic 
salary is pensionable.

The Committee believes that the policy adopted last year of 
applying greater weighting to the variable elements of executive 
remuneration continues to be appropriate for the business going 
forward and, in incentivising the longer term performance of 
the Company, provides greater alignment with the interests of 
shareholders.

Following the operational restructuring of the business in the 
UK (see Operational Review on pages 11 to 13), the Committee 
has reviewed the remuneration structure for senior and middle 
management to ensure that there is a proper balance between the 
levels of management. Below middle management level, staff in the 
UK generally received a salary increase of 2% in 2011. In Spain, all 
staff received a CPI increase of 3%.

In line with the Association of British Insurers’ Guidelines on 
Responsible Investment Disclosure, the Committee will seek to 
ensure that the incentive structure for executive Directors and senior 
management will not raise environmental, social or governance 
(ESG) risks by inadvertently motivating irresponsible behaviour. More 
generally, with regard to the overall remuneration structure, there is 
no restriction on the Committee which prevents it from taking into 
account ESG matters.

RL Contreras
CJR Muir

27 May 2011
19 May 2011

In the event of early termination of an executive Director’s service 
contract, compensation of up to the equivalent of one year’s 
basic salary and benefits may be payable. There is no contractual 
entitlement to compensation beyond this. Directors have a duty 
to make reasonable efforts to mitigate any loss arising from such 
termination and the Committee will have regard to that duty 
on a case by case basis when assessing the appropriate level of 
compensation which may be payable. It is also the Board’s policy 
that where compensation on early termination is due, in appropriate 
circumstances it should be paid on a phased basis.

Basic salaries

In accordance with the Company’s policy of paying lower basic 
salaries coupled with higher incentives, the current basic salaries 
paid to the executive directors are as follows:

RL Contreras
CJR Muir

£375,000
£175,000

Basic salaries are normally reviewed annually taking into account the 
performance of the individual, changes in responsibilities, market 
trends and pay and employment conditions elsewhere in the Group.

The above numbers reflect the fact that on the first annual review 
(1 May 2011) following his appointment as Chief Executive, Bob 
Contreras was awarded a 7% increase in view of his performance 
in this role, while still remaining below the market median for 
comparably sized companies.

Chris Muir’s salary was determined on his appointment, also at a 
level below the market median. 

Total remuneration

The chart below shows the balance between fixed and variable 
performance based pay for Bob Contreras for the year ended 30 
April 2011 and projections for Bob Contreras and Chris Muir for the 
year ending 30 April 2012.

Total reward for 2012 can only be estimated, because the actual 
value of the cash and deferred bonus and performance shares will 
not be known until the end of the relevant performance period. 
We have assumed a target level of bonus of 50% of the maximum 
and an expected value of 55% of the face value has been used 
in respect of performance shares and 100% of the face value in 
respect of deferred bonus shares.

For the year ending 30 April 2012, on target performance has been 
assumed for the annual bonus scheme.

RL Contreras

CJR Muir

2011

2012

2012

350

375

84

175

175

289

90

94

94

309

175

52 44 44

144

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

■  Base Salary
■  Pension & Benefits
■  Annual Bonus – Cash
■  Annual Bonus – Deferred Shares
■  Performance Shares

25 Remuneration report 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Remuneration report continued

External appointments

The Board recognises that executive Directors may be invited to 
become non-executive Directors of other companies and that such 
appointments can broaden their knowledge and experience, to 
the benefit of the Group. Provided that it does not impact on their 
executive duties, Directors are generally allowed to accept one such 
appointment. As the purpose of seeking such positions is self-
education rather than financial reward, any resulting fees would 
normally be expected to be paid to the Company as compensation 
for the time commitment involved. No such external appointments 
are currently held.

Pension schemes

Throughout the year all pension arrangements (other than the 
Willhire Pension Scheme – see Note 38 of the accounts) operated by 
the Group were defined contribution type schemes. The executive 
Directors receive a pension contribution of 18% of salary.

Non-executive directors

The remuneration of the non-executive Directors (other than the 
Chairman) is determined by the Board as a whole, within the overall 
limit set by the Articles of Association. Non-executive Directors 
are not eligible for performance related payments nor may they 
participate in the Company’s share option or pension schemes. 
Non-executive Directors do not have contracts of service with the 
Company and their appointments are terminable without notice. 

The original dates of appointment to the Board and of their current 
letters of appointment are:

All were last reviewed on 1 May 2011. The fee structure for non-
executive Directors reflects the time commitment and responsibility 
for carrying out non-executive duties. Fees are set taking into account 
market practice for similar roles in companies of a comparable size.

Performance graph

As required by The Directors’ Remuneration Report Regulations 
2008, the graph below illustrates the performance of Northgate 
plc measured by Total Shareholder Return (share price growth plus 
dividends paid) against a ‘broad equity market index’ over the last 
five years. As the Company has been a constituent of the FTSE 250 
index for the majority of the last five years, that index (excluding 
investment companies) is considered to be the most appropriate 
benchmark. The mid-market price of the Company’s Ordinary shares 
at 30 April 2011 was 342p (30 April 2010 – 212p). The range during 
the year was 153p to 347p.

Total shareholder return

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

)

£

(

e
u
a
V

l

0
30-Apr-06

30-Apr-07

30-Apr-08

30-Apr-09

30-Apr-10

30-Apr-11

Northgate plc

Source: Thomson Reuters

Date of appointment

Letter of appointment

FTSE 250 (Excl. Inv. Trusts) Index

RD Mackenzie

5 February 2010

4 February 2010

AJ Allner

JG Astrand

THP Brown

26 September 2007

13 February 2001

13 April 2005

22 June 2011

22 June 2011

22 June 2011

This graph shows the value, by the 30 April 2011, of £100 invested 
in Northgate plc on 30 April 2006 compared with that of £100 
invested in the FTSE 250 (excl. Inv. Trusts) Index. The other points 
plotted are the values at intervening financial year-ends.

The current fees paid to the non-executive Directors are shown 
below:

RD Mackenzie

Chairman

AJ Allner

JG Astrand

THP Brown

Chairman of Audit and Risk 
Committee

Non-executive Director

Senior Independent Director 
and Chairman of Remuneration 
Committee

£160,000

£60,000†

£50,000

£68,000*

† 

* 

 Including £10,000 in respect of his chairmanship of the Audit and Risk 
Committee.
 Including £8,000 in respect of his chairmanship of the Remuneration 
Committee and £10,000 as Senior Independent Director.

26 Remuneration report 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

 
Bonus
£000

Benefits*
£000

Compensation 
for loss of 
office

The following elements of this report have been audited:

RD Mackenzie

AJ Allner

JG Astrand

THP Brown

RL Contreras***

PJ Tallentire****

PJ Moorhouse

AT Noble

P Rogerson

SJ Smith

Salary/
fees
£000

183

46

39

45

343

41

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

350

–

–

–

–

–

Total emoluments excluding pension 
contributions

Total pension contributions

697

–

350

–

–

–

–

–

60

3

–

–

–

–

63

–

Total
2011
£000

183

46

39

45

753

526

–

–

–

–

Total
2010
£000

44

46

45

45

552

718

679

668

87

1,148

–

–

–

–

–

482†

–

–

–

–

482

1,592

4,032

–

–

–

Pension contributions**
2010
£000

2011
£000

–

–

–

–

24

7

–

–

–

–

–

31

–

–

–

–

–

76

82

72

–

145

–

375

These benefits include: company car, private medical insurance, permanent health insurance, life assurance and payments in lieu of pension contributions.

* 
** All contributions are to a defined contribution type scheme.
*** Bob Contreras, previously Group Finance Director, was appointed Chief Executive with effect from 7 June 2010.
**** To 4 June 2010.
†

As disclosed in last year’s Annual Report, Paul Tallentire ceased to be a Director of the Company on 4 June 2010. He received a payment in compensation for loss of 
office of £482,000 including base salary and benefits in lieu of working his 12 month notice period. This was in accordance with his contractual entitlement on early 
termination.

Share incentive plans

The Group currently operates three share-based incentive schemes. 
Directors participate in the Executive Performance Share Plan (EPSP) 
and Deferred Annual Bonus Plan (DABP), and below the Board other 
executives participate in the Management Performance Share Plan 
(MPSP) and DABP. No executive participates in all three schemes. 
Expressed in face value terms, this effectively provides Directors with 
a cap of 200% of basic salary for share awards each year (150% 
under the EPSP and 50% under the DABP).

In line with current best practice guidelines, the Committee has 
introduced clawback provisions into the rules of all three schemes 
which can be invoked in the event of financial mis-statement or 
fraud and which apply to all awards made from 2010 onwards.

Awards held by Directors during the year are shown in the table on 
page 28.

Deferred annual bonus plan

The DABP was introduced in 2003 for executive Directors and 
senior and middle management. Part of the bonus is delivered in 
cash and part in the form of deferred shares awarded following the 
announcement of the Group’s full year results. The total maximum 
potential bonus (cash and shares) which may be achieved by each 
executive Director is 100% of basic salary earned in the financial 
year. 50% of the total bonus actually earned is paid in cash and 
50% is deferred as shares. The level of bonus payable for 'on-target' 
performance is 50% of salary.

The shares may be exercised by the employee after three years and 
are subject to forfeiture if the employee chooses to leave during 
that time. This provides a strong retention mechanism and has 
the motivational benefits of certainty and clarity for the employee. 
During the retention period, executives continue to have an 

incentive to influence the share price so as to maximise the value on 
release.

Options over 520,119 deferred shares awarded to 85 executives 
were outstanding at 30 April 2011.

In respect of the year ended 30 April 2011, the bonus for the 
Chief Executive was calculated based on a matrix of net debt 
(range £630m to £582m) and return on capital employed (ROCE) 
(range 10.9% to 11.9%). These measures were representative of 
the Group’s strategic priorities of strengthening the balance sheet 
and improving operating efficiencies. The stretch targets were 
both achieved. 50% of the bonus will be paid in cash and 50% 
in deferred shares. The number of shares to be awarded will be 
calculated based on the closing mid-market price on 30 June 2011, 
being the date of the preliminary results announcement.

The bonus for the executive Directors in respect of the year ending 
30 April 2012 will be based on a similar matrix to that described 
above but with a net debt range of £494m to £463m and a ROCE 
range of 12.77% to 13.50%. A minimum bonus of 50% would be 
payable at 12.77% ROCE (target) and net debt of £482m.

Bonuses for other management are based on a combination of 
the performance of the relevant business unit and individual key 
performance indicators and the maximum amounts, again expressed 
as a percentage of basic salary and split equally between cash and 
shares, range from 20% to 60% in total.

27 Remuneration report 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Remuneration report continued

At 1 May
2010

Number
granted

Market price
 at grant p

Number
exercised

Date of 
exercise

Exercise
Price p

Number
 Lapsed

At 30 April
2011

Normally
exercisable

Executive performance
share plan
RL Contreras

49,313
130,952
–
180,265

–
–
302,593
302,593

267.5
157.5
173.5
–

Deferred annual bonus plan
RL Contreras

–

29,719

–

–
–
–
–

–

–
–
–
–

–

–
–
–
–

–

–
–
–
–

–

49,313
130,952
302,593
482,858

29,719

†Vest Sep 2011
Vest Oct 2012
Vest Aug 2013

Aug 2013 –
Aug 2015

† It is not expected that the award due to vest in September 2011 will achieve its performance targets.

Executive performance share plan

Currently only executive Directors participate in the EPSP with other 
executives participating in the MPSP (see below). Awards under the 
EPSP vest after three years subject to continued employment and 
the satisfaction of challenging performance targets. In line with 
the Committee’s policy of placing greater emphasis on variable pay 
than on base salaries, grants are currently being made at 150% 
of salary face value, being the maximum permitted under the 
rules. Consistent with the approach used in 2009 and 2010, the 
performance targets applying to the grants to be made in 2011 will 
be a mixture of underlying EPS (1/3) and ROCE (2/3). 25% of each 
part of the award will vest for achieving a threshold performance 
target increasing to full vesting for achieving a stretch performance 
target. The Committee considers that EPS and ROCE are the 
most appropriate performance measures for the EPSP since they 
incentivise the executives to both improve the earnings profile of the 
Group and manage balance sheet efficiency (important for a capital 
intensive business), both of which should flow through to superior 
returns to its shareholders. Currently EPS targets are set for the third 
year of the three year performance period and ROCE targets are set 
for the average of the three years of the performance period.

The Committee believes that the most appropriate measure of 
performance against the business plan is one based on divisional 
earnings before interest or tax or Group profit before tax, as relevant 
to the individual. 

There is an over-riding condition that no part of an award can vest if 
there has been a decrease in underlying profit before tax compared 
to the prior year.

The position as at 30 April 2011 with regard to awards made under 
the MPSP is as follows:-

2008

2009

2010

Total

Original award of 
shares adjusted 
as appropriate for 
rights issue and 
consolidation
Lapsed/early vesting
Remaining subject to 
performance

283,486
184,750

872,638
281,615

604,664 1,760,788
474,929

8,564

98,736

591,023

596,100 1,285,859

The above awards are held by 40 executives, including 14 in Spain.

The relevant targets are:-

All employee share scheme

2009 award
2010 award
2011 award

EPS in 3rd Year

ROCE average over 3 years

Threshold

Stretch

Threshold

Stretch

18.30p
31.45p
 38.50p

21.00p
37.00p
 47.20p

8.70% 10.40%
10.20% 12.00%
 13.50%  13.85%

In respect of the 2011 award, the threshold EPS vesting target 
would require growth of 9.9% pa and the stretch target growth of 
17.6% pa.

Management performance share plan

The MPSP is designed to reward achievement of, and individual 
contribution to, the Group’s three year rolling business plan ('the 
business plan'). The MPSP operates only for executives below Board 
level.

Participants receive a conditional award of free shares which will vest 
after three years subject to achievement of performance conditions 
and continued employment during the vesting period. The 
maximum award in any financial year is capped at 100% of salary. 
Awards do not normally exceed 50% of salary.

The All Employee Share Scheme (AESS), which is approved by 
HMRC under Schedule 8 Finance Act 2000, was introduced in 2000 
to provide employees at all levels with the opportunity to acquire 
shares in the Company on preferential terms. The Board believes 
that encouraging wider share ownership by all staff will have longer 
term benefits for the Company and for shareholders. The AESS 
operates under a trust deed, the Trustees being Capita IRG Trustees 
Limited ('the Capita Trust').

To participate in the AESS, which operates on a yearly cycle, 
employees are required to make regular monthly savings (on which 
tax relief is obtained), by deduction from pay, for a year at the end 
of which these payments are used to buy shares in the Company 
('Partnership shares').

For each Partnership share acquired, the employee will receive 
one additional free share ('Matching shares'). Matching shares 
will normally be forfeited if, within three years of acquiring the 
Partnership shares, the employee either sells the Partnership shares 
or leaves the Group. After this three year period Partnership and 
Matching shares may be sold, although there are significant tax 
incentives to continue holding the shares in the scheme for a 
further two years. Those employees who are most committed to the 
Company will therefore receive the most benefit.

28 Remuneration report 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

The tenth annual cycle ended in December 2010 and resulted in 415 
employees acquiring 172,767 Partnership shares at 220p each and 
being allocated the same number of Matching shares. As at 30 April 
2011 the Trust held 1,357,372 50p Ordinary shares that have been 
allocated to employees from the first 10 cycles.

The eleventh annual cycle started in January 2011 and currently 
some 390 employees are making contributions to the scheme at an 
annualised rate of £375,000.

Share ownership guidelines

The executive Directors of the Company are expected to comply 
with Share Ownership Guidelines. Broadly, these require executive 
Directors to accumulate, over a period of five years from the date 
of appointment, a holding of Ordinary shares of the Company 
equivalent in value to their basic annual salary, measured annually. 
It is intended that this should be achieved primarily through the 
exercise and vesting of share incentive awards and that directors are 
not required to go into the market to purchase shares, although any 
shares so acquired would count towards meeting the guidelines.

As at 30 April 2011, the value of Bob Contreras’ shareholdings 
expressed as a percentage of his basic salary on that date 
was 112%.

Sourcing of shares and dilution

Shares to satisfy the requirements of the Group’s existing share 
schemes are currently sourced as follows:

DABP and MPSP

To date, awards under these two schemes have been satisfied 
through open market purchases by an employee benefit trust based 
in Guernsey ('the Guernsey Trust'). During the year 550,000 (2010 – 
300,000) Ordinary shares were purchased by the Guernsey Trust and 
149,243 (2010 – 59,490 5p and 69,091 50p) were used to satisfy 
the exercise of awards under the DABP and MPSP. At 30 April 2011 
the Guernsey Trust held 478,758 (2010 – 78,001) Ordinary shares as 
a hedge against the Group’s obligations under these schemes.

As explained more fully in the notice of the 2011 Annual General 
Meeting set out on pages 86 to 91 further to a review of the DABP 
and MPSP by the Committee, shareholder approval is being sought 

for the DABP and MPSP in order to provide flexibility to use newly 
issued and treasury shares in connection with awards.

EPSP

Shares to satisfy the vesting of awards under the EPSP may be 
sourced either from new issue or through open market purchases. 
No shares have yet vested from this scheme.

AESS

Shares allocated may be satisfied either by new issue or market 
purchase or by a combination of the two. The total number of 
shares required to satisfy the allocation made in January 2011 was 
345,534 (2010 – 693,168) of which 283,085 (2010 – 346,583) 
were new issue, with shares of 62,449 (2010 – 15,069) being 
already held by the Capita Trust from forfeitures during the year. No 
shares (2010 – 331,516) were acquired from the Guernsey Trust.

At 30 April 2011 the Capita Trust held 38,964 (2010 – 21,096) 
Ordinary shares which had been forfeited as a result of early 
withdrawals post January 2011.

Overall plan limits

The EPSP and AESS, and subject to shareholder approval at the 
AGM, the DABP and MPSP operate within the following limits:

In any 10 calendar year period, the Company may not issue (or grant 
rights to issue) more than: 

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

10% of the issued Ordinary share capital under all the share 
plans, and

5% of the issued Ordinary share capital under the executive 
share plans (EPSP, DABP and MPSP).

The dilution position as at the date of this report is 0.59% under the 
EPSP and 1.05% under the AESS.

Tom Brown
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee

29 June 2011

29 Remuneration report 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Report of the audit and risk committee

Role

The Audit and Risk Committee is appointed by, and reports to, 
the Board.

The Committee’s terms of reference, which include all matters 
referred to in the UK Corporate Governance Code, are reviewed 
annually by the Committee and are available on the Company’s 
website. In summary these include:

(cid:85)(cid:202) monitoring the integrity of financial reporting; reviewing 

the Group’s internal controls and risk management systems; 
monitoring the effectiveness of the Group’s internal audit 
function;

(cid:85)(cid:202) making recommendations to the Board regarding the 
appointment of the external auditor and approving its 
remuneration and terms of engagement;

(cid:85)(cid:202) monitoring the independence and objectivity of the external 

auditor and developing a policy for the provision of non-audit 
services by the external auditor; and

(cid:85)(cid:202) monitoring the audit process and any issues arising therefrom.

During the year, following a review of the Group’s risk 
management framework, the Board extended the Committee’s 
function to specifically include all aspects of Group risk and at 
the same time changed the Committee’s title to ‘Audit and 
Risk Committee’.

Membership

The members of the Committee, who are all independent non-
executive Directors of the Company, are:

Date of
 appointment

Qualification

AJ Allner (Chairman)

26 September 2007

JG Astrand

THP Brown

6 June 2001

8 June 2005

FCA

MBA

MBA

The UK Corporate Governance Code requires that at least one 
member of the Committee should have recent and relevant financial 
experience: currently, the Chairman of the Committee fulfils this 
requirement. All members of the Committee are expected to be 
financially literate.

Meetings

The Committee is required to meet at least three times a year. 
Details of attendance at meetings held in the year ended 30 April 
2011 are given on page 32.

Due to the cyclical nature of its agenda, which is linked to events in 
the Group’s financial calendar, the Committee will generally meet 
four times a year. The other Directors, together with the head of 
internal audit and the external auditor, are normally invited to attend 
all meetings.

Activity

Since May 2010, the Committee has:

(cid:85)(cid:202)

reviewed the financial statements for the years ended 30 April 
2010 and 2011, the half yearly report issued in December 2010 
and Interim Management Statements issued in September 
2010 and March 2011. As part of this review process, the 
Committee received reports from Deloitte LLP on the full and 
half year results:

(cid:85)(cid:202)

reviewed and agreed the scope of the audit work to be 
undertaken by Deloitte LLP and agreed their fees;

(cid:85)(cid:202) monitored the Group’s risk management process and business 

continuity procedures;

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

reviewed the effectiveness of the Group’s system of 
internal controls;

reviewed the Group’s whistle blowing procedures;

reviewed a report on credit control in Spain;

reviewed the Group’s depreciation policy;

reviewed the Group’s corporate taxation arrangements;

(cid:85)(cid:202) monitored the progress of a major IT project in the UK;

(cid:85)(cid:202)

reviewed a report on impairment;

(cid:85)(cid:202) monitored the Group’s going concern status; and

(cid:85)(cid:202)

reviewed its own effectiveness and terms of reference.

As part of the Group's risk management programme, and in 
anticipation of the Bribery Act 2010 coming into force on 1 
July 2011, a training programme for relevant employees was 
implemented to promote awareness of, and compliance with, the 
new legislation, including putting in place a policy on receiving 
hospitality and a reporting  procedure.

External auditor

The Board’s policy on non-audit services provided by the external 
auditor, developed and recommended by the Committee, is:-

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

Tax compliance and other audit-related work (including in 
particular Corporation Tax): this is work that, in its capacity as 
auditor, it is best placed to carry out and will generally be asked 
to do so. Nevertheless, where appropriate, it will be asked for a 
fee quote;

Tax advisory and other non-audit related and general 
consultancy work: this type of work will either be placed on the 
basis of the lowest fee quote or to consultants who are felt to 
be best able to provide the expertise and working relationship 
required. In certain instances, such as the appointment of 
consultants to provide external advice and support to the 
internal audit department, the auditor will not be invited to 
compete for the work.

During the year, the Committee reviewed and was satisfied as to the 
effectiveness and independence of the external auditor, including 
conducting one-to-one meetings with the audit partner.

Consequently, the Committee has recommended to the Board the 
reappointment of Deloitte LLP at the Annual General Meeting.

Fees paid and payable to Deloitte LLP in respect of the year under 
review are as shown in Note 6 on page 51.

30 Report of the audit and risk committee 
Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Internal audit

In fulfilling its duty to monitor the effectiveness of the internal audit 
function, the Committee has:

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

reviewed the adequacy of the resources of the internal audit 
department for both the UK and Spain;

ensured that the head of internal audit has direct access 
to the Chairman of the Board and to all members of the 
Committee;

conducted a one-to-one meeting with the head of internal 
audit; approved the internal audit programme; and reviewed 
half-yearly reports by the head of internal audit.

The Chairman of the Committee will be available at the Annual 
General Meeting to answer any questions about the work of 
the Committee.

Andrew Allner
Chairman of the Audit and Risk Committee

29 June 2011

31 Report of the audit and risk committee 
Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Corporate governance

UK Listed Companies are required by the Financial 
Services Authority (the designated UK Listing 
Authority) to include a statement in their annual 
accounts on compliance with the principles of 
good corporate governance and code of best 
practice set out in the UK Corporate Governance 
Code ('the Code').

The provisions of the Code applicable to listed companies are 
divided into four parts, as set out below:

1 Directors

The business of the Company is managed by the Board of Directors, 
currently comprising two executive and four non-executive 
Directors, details of whom are shown on pages 20 and 21. All the 
non-executive Directors are considered to be independent both 
in the sense outlined in the Code and in terms of the criteria laid 
down by the National Association of Pension Funds for judging the 
independence of non-executive Directors.

The offices of the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer are separate. 
The division of their responsibilities has been set out in writing, 
approved by the Board and is available on the Company’s website.

The Board meets regularly to review trading results and has 
responsibility for the major areas of Group strategy, the annual 
Business Plan, financial reporting to and relationships with 
shareholders, dividend policy, internal financial and other 
controls, financing and treasury policy, insurance policy, major 
capital expenditure, acquisitions and disposals, Board structure, 
remuneration policy, corporate governance and compliance.

The Chairman ensures that all Directors are properly briefed 
to enable them to discharge their duties. In particular, detailed 
management accounts are prepared and copies sent to all Board 
members every month and, in advance of each Board meeting, 
appropriate documentation on all items to be discussed is circulated.

Directors’ attendance at Board and Committee meetings during the 
year is detailed below.

Board

Audit and risk

Remuneration

No. of Meetings

RD Mackenzie

AJ Allner

JG Astrand

THP Brown

RL Contreras

10

10

10

10

10

10

4

–

4

4

4

–

9

9

9

9

9

–

All Directors in office at that time were present at the Annual 
General Meeting held in September 2010.

The external auditor and the internal audit manager attended all 
Audit and Risk Committee meetings.

Before appointment, non-executive Directors are required to assure 
the Board that they can give the time commitment necessary to 
properly fulfill their duties, both in terms of availability to attend 
meetings and discuss matters on the telephone and meeting 
preparation time.

The Company’s Articles of Association provide that at each annual 
general meeting of the Company all Directors who held office at 
the time of the two preceding annual general meetings and did 
not retire by rotation shall be subject to re-election. In addition, any 
Director appointed by the Board during the year is obliged to seek 
re-election at the next following annual general meeting. However, 
as referred to in the Directors’ Report, the Board has decided on 
early adoption of the provision in the new UK Corporate Governance 
Code ('the Code') which will require all Directors of FTSE 350 
companies to be subject to annual election. Accordingly, resolutions 
to re-appoint all Directors currently in office will be proposed at the 
Annual General Meeting. 

Jan Astrand has now been in office for more than nine years, having 
first been appointed to the Board in February 2001. In accordance 
with Provision B.1.1 of the Code, the Board has reviewed his 
independence and is satisfied that there are no relationships 
or circumstances which are likely to affect his independence 
of judgment.

The Board has established a Nominations Committee, which 
is chaired by Bob Mackenzie. All the non-executive Directors 
are members. Its main function is to lead the process for Board 
appointments by selecting and proposing to the Board suitable 
candidates of appropriate calibre. The Committee would normally 
expect to use the services of professional consultants to help in the 
search for candidates.

The Committee has written terms of reference which are available 
on the Company’s website.

The Committee met formally on one occasion during the year.

During the year, the Chairman led an evaluation process of the 
performance of individual Directors, of the Board as a whole and 
of its committees. The process consisted of a formal and detailed 
questionnaire completed by each Director, one-to-one meetings 
with the Chairman and a Board discussion. Having conducted 
this evaluation, the Chairman remains of the view that each 
individual Director’s performance continues to be effective and each 
demonstrates commitment to the role. In addition the non-executive 
Directors, led by the Senior Independent Director, have reviewed the 
performance of the Chairman, taking into account the views of the 
executive Directors.

Pursuant to those provisions of the Companies Act 2006 relating 
to conflicts of interest and in accordance with the authority 
contained in the Company’s Articles of Association, the Board has 
put in place procedures to deal with the notification, authorisation, 
recording and monitoring of Directors’ conflicts of interest and these 
procedures have operated effectively throughout the year and to the 
date of signing of this report and accounts.

2 Directors’ remuneration

The Company’s policy on remuneration and details of the 
remuneration of each Director are given in the Remuneration Report 
on pages 25 to 29.

3 Accountability and audit

An assessment of the Company’s position and prospects is included 
in the Chairman’s Statement and in the Operational Review and 
Financial Review on pages 2 to 19.

32 Corporate governance 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Internal control

Control procedures

Provision C.2.1 of the Code requires the Directors to conduct an 
annual review of the effectiveness of the Group’s system of internal 
controls. The Turnbull guidance provides relevant guidance for 
directors on compliance with the internal control provisions of 
the Code.

Corporate governance

The Directors are responsible for the Group’s system of internal 
controls which aims to safeguard Group assets, ensure proper 
accounting records are maintained and that the financial information 
used within the business and for publication is reliable. Although no 
system of internal controls can provide absolute assurance against 
material misstatement or loss, the Group’s system is designed to 
provide the Directors with reasonable assurance that, should any 
problems occur, these are identified on a timely basis and dealt with 
appropriately. The key features of the Group’s system of internal 
controls, which was in place throughout the period covered by the 
accounts, are described below:

Control environment

The Group has a clearly defined organisational structure within 
which individual responsibilities of line and financial management for 
the maintenance of strong internal controls and the production of 
accurate and timely financial management information are identified 
and can be monitored. Where appropriate, the business is required 
to comply with the procedures set out in written manuals.

To demonstrate the Board’s commitment to maintaining the 
highest business and ethical standards and to promote a culture of 
honesty and integrity amongst all staff, the Board has established a 
confidential telephone service, operated by an independent external 
organisation, which may be used by all staff to report any issues of 
concern relating to dishonesty or malpractice within the Group. All 
issues reported are investigated by senior management.

Identification of risks

The Board and the Group’s management have a clearly defined 
responsibility for identifying the major business risks facing the 
Group and for developing systems to mitigate and manage those 
risks. The control of key risk is reviewed by the Board and the 
Group’s management at their monthly meetings. The Board is 
therefore able to confirm that there is an ongoing process for 
identifying, evaluating and managing the significant risks faced by 
the Group, that it has been in place for the year under review and 
up to the date of approval of these accounts and accords with the 
Turnbull guidance.

Information and communication

The Group has a comprehensive system for reporting financial 
results to the Board. Each operating unit prepares monthly accounts 
with a comparison against their business plan and against the 
previous year, with regular review by management of variances 
from targeted performance levels. A business plan is prepared by 
management and approved by the Board annually. Each operating 
unit prepares a two year business plan with performance reported 
against key performance indicators on a monthly basis together with 
comparisons to plan and prior year. These are reviewed regularly by 
management. Forecasts are updated regularly throughout the year.

The Board and the Group’s management have adopted a schedule 
of matters which are required to be brought to it for decision, thus 
ensuring that it maintains full and effective control over appropriate 
strategic, financial, organisational and compliance issues. Measures 
taken include clearly defined procedures for capital expenditure 
appraisal and authorisation, physical controls, segregation of duties 
and routine and ad hoc checks.

Monitoring

The Board has delegated to executive management implementation 
of the system of internal control. The Board, including the Audit and 
Risk Committee, receives reports on the system of control from the 
external auditor and from management. An independent internal 
audit function reports bi-annually to the Audit and Risk Committee 
primarily on the key areas of risk within the business. The Directors 
confirm that they have reviewed the effectiveness of the system 
of internal controls covering financial, operational and compliance 
matters and risk management, for the period covered by these 
accounts in accordance with the Turnbull guidance.

Audit

An account of the work of the Audit and Risk Committee is given in 
the Audit and Risk Committee Report on pages 30 to 31.

4 Relations with shareholders

Throughout the year the Company maintains a regular dialogue with 
institutional investors and brokers’ analysts, providing them with 
such information on the Company’s progress and future plans as 
is permitted within the guidelines of the Listing Rules. In particular, 
twice a year, at the time of announcing the Company’s half and full 
year results, they are invited to briefings given by the Chief Executive 
and Group Finance Director.

The Company’s major institutional shareholders have been advised 
by the Chief Executive that, in line with the provisions of the Code, 
the Senior Independent Director and other non-executives may 
attend these briefings and, in any event, would attend if requested 
to do so.

All shareholders are given the opportunity to raise matters for 
discussion at the Annual General Meeting, of which more than 
the recommended minimum 20 working days notice is given. In 
compliance with the Transparency Rules, the Company publishes 
Interim Management Statements in March and September 
each year.

Details of proxies lodged in respect of the Annual General Meeting 
will be published on the Company’s website immediately following 
the meeting.

Compliance with the Code

The Board considers that the Company complied with the provisions 
of the Code throughout the year. 

By order of the Board

D Henderson
Secretary

29 June 2011

33 Corporate governance 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Health & safety and environment

The Board believes that good health & safety 
and environmental (HS&E) performance is 
synonymous with good business performance 
and this objective is supported by comprehensive 
strategies and initiatives approved by the Board.

The Board has designated the Chief Executive as the person 
ultimately responsible for HS&E throughout the Group. 
Responsibility for implementing and monitoring the Group’s HS&E 
policies is devolved to operational management at our locations in 
the UK and Spain.

The Company is committed to promoting and implementing only 
the highest HS&E standards across all locations. Sound and robust 
HS&E arrangements and risk controls therefore form a key part of 
the Company’s overall business strategy. The Group’s arrangements 
for HS&E governance and management systems implementation 
are detailed in our policy and management arrangement manuals 
available at all Group locations and on our intranet. 

Common and consistent HS&E standards in accordance with 
legislative and best practice requirements are applied across all 
Group operations. Risk controls and procedures are continually 
assessed to ensure that everything is being done to meet the highest 
possible standards of HS&E requirements using comprehensive and 
robust HS&E operating controls. 

During the year the Group’s HS&E department carried out formal 
audit reviews to measure performance of our HS&E management 
system at all locations and where necessary identified improvements 
and monitored compliance subsequently. The main objective of 
the HS&E department is to ensure continuous improvement across 
the Group and provide pragmatic and practical solutions to the 
operational risks within the business to all levels of employees with a 
strong focus on behavioural safety and employee involvement. 

The Company provides training for employees in a wide range of 
health and safety disciplines, most of which is carried out internally 
by the Group’s HS&E department. In the UK, training provided is 
accredited by the British Safety Council. We continue to focus our 
efforts on training as we see this as being pivotal in meeting our 
objective of continually raising and improving HS&E standards and 
culture across all locations. 

The total water usage consumption in the UK for the period was 
41,650 cubic metres, a reduction of 19% from the previous period. 
This reduction takes into account the implementation of waste 
usage controls and a small number of site closures.

The Group is a sponsor of Brake, the road safety charity, and are 
members of the British Safety Council and the Royal Society for the 
Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA). For the third successive year we 
received a Gold Award from RoSPA in recognition of the Group’s 
HS&E arrangements in the UK. Winning this prestigious award for 
three consecutive years we believe underlines our commitment to 
health and safety.

During the year under review, no incidents resulting in fatality or 
significant pollution occurred at any of our locations. No formal 
notices were issued by enforcement authorities at any location.

Property

As at 30 April 2011, the vehicle hire business in the UK and Republic 
of Ireland operated out of 62 properties, of which 20 are larger 
primary sites and 42 are branches. The vast majority of these sites are 
located on industrial estates, so our activities have minimal impact 
on the local community of the areas in which we operate. They vary 
in size from the larger sites which will typically have an area of 1.2 
acres, will comprise approximately 9,000 sq. ft. of workshops and 
office facilities, with the remainder hard-standing and will employ 
approximately 40 to 50 people. The smaller sites will have an area of 
approximately 0.3 acres, have a small office (often of the portacabin 
type), a valet washbay and in some cases a workshop facility, 
again, often a modular building. They employ an average of 10 to 
15 people. Two of the larger sites share premises with Northgate 
Vehicle Sales who have a further nine dedicated sales and retail 
sites. Fleet Technique operate from offices in Gateshead and the 
Group’s head office building in Darlington accommodates all central 
administrative and support services. There are two stand alone body 
shop facilities in Warwick and Huddersfield.

The Spanish hire business operates from 25 sites which are all of 
a similar nature to those operated out of in the UK business, as 
described above.

Vehicle fleet

The Company’s environmental principles are to promote and operate 
processes and procedures which, so far as is reasonably practicable, 
avoid or minimise the contamination of water, air or the ground 
whilst maintaining a responsibility to manage those by-products and 
waste materials generated by our activities, particularly from our 
vehicle repair workshops.

The total fleet in the UK and Republic of Ireland at 30 April 2011 
was 61,200, with an average age of 22.1 months, of which 10% 
were cars and the remainder commercial vehicles. The total fleet 
in Spain at 30 April 2011 was 43,500 vehicles with an average 
age of 25.0 months of which 46% were cars and the remainder 
commercial vehicles.

During the year 85% of hazardous wastes collected from workshops 
in the UK and 78% of hazardous wastes collected from workshops 
in Spain were recycled. We continue to work closely with our waste 
management partners to improve waste management arrangements 
and performance across the Group. The operating business in Spain 
is certified to the internationally recognised Environmental Standard 
ISO 14001.

Vehicles were sold after an average life of 35.2 months in the UK 
and 42.8 months in Spain.

Our fleet is therefore, comprised entirely of modern vehicles. All 
purchases in the year ended 30 April 2011 were either Euro IV or 
Euro V compliant.

34 Health & safety and environment 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Directors' responsibilities

The Directors are responsible for preparing the 
annual report and accounts in accordance with 
applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements 
for each financial year. Under that law the Directors are required 
to prepare the Group financial statements in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the 
European Union and Article 4 of the IAS Regulation and have also 
chosen to prepare the Parent Company financial statements under 
IFRS as adopted by the EU. Under company law the Directors must 
not approve the accounts unless they are satisfied that they give a 
true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and Company 
and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period.

In preparing these financial statements, IAS 1 (Presentation of 
Financial Statements) requires that Directors:

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

properly select and apply accounting policies;

present information, including accounting policies, in a 
manner that provides relevant, reliable, comparable and 
understandable information;

provide additional disclosures when compliance with the 
specific requirements in IFRS are insufficient to enable users to 
understand the impact of particular transactions, other events 
and conditions on the entity’s financial position and financial 
performance; and

(cid:85)(cid:202) make an assessment of the Group’s ability to continue as a 

going concern.

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting 
records that are sufficient to show and explain the Group's and the 
Company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at 
any time the financial position of the Group and the Company and 

enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with 
the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding 
the assets of the Group and the Company and hence for taking 
reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other 
irregularities.

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity 
of the corporate and financial information included on the 
Company’s website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing 
the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ 
from legislation in other jurisdictions.

Responsibility statement

We confirm that to the best of our knowledge:

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

the financial statements, prepared in accordance with IFRS, give 
a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position 
and profit or loss of the Company and the undertakings 
included in the consolidation taken as a whole; and

the management report, which is incorporated into the 
Directors’ report, includes a fair review of the development and 
performance of the business and the position of the Company 
and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as 
a whole, together with a description of the principal risks and 
uncertainties that they face.

By order of the Board

Bob Contreras
Chief Executive Officer

29 June 2011

35 Directors' responsibilities 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Independent auditor's report to the members of Northgate plc

We have audited the financial statements of Northgate plc for 
the year ended 30 April 2011 which comprise the consolidated 
income statement, the Group and Parent Company statement of 
comprehensive income, the Group and Parent Company balance 
sheets, the Group and Parent Company cash flow statements, the 
Group and Parent Company notes to the cash flow statements, the 
Group and Parent Company statements of changes in equity and 
the related notes 1 to 40. The financial reporting framework that has 
been applied in their preparation is applicable law and International 
Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the European 
Union and, as regards the Parent Company financial statements, 
as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies 
Act 2006.

This report is made solely to the Company’s members, as a body, in 
accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. 
Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to 
the Company’s members those matters we are required to state to 
them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest 
extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility 
to anyone other than the Company and the Company’s members 
as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we 
have formed.

Respective responsibilities of directors and auditor

As explained more fully in the Directors’ Responsibilities statement, 
the Directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial 
statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view. 
Our responsibility is to audit and express an opinion on the financial 
statements in accordance with applicable law and International 
Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). Those standards require 
us to comply with the Auditing Practices Board’s Ethical Standards 
for Auditors.

Scope of the audit of the financial statements

An audit involves obtaining evidence about the amounts and 
disclosures in the financial statements sufficient to give reasonable 
assurance that the financial statements are free from material 
misstatement, whether caused by fraud or error. This includes an 
assessment of: whether the accounting policies are appropriate to 
the Group’s and the Parent Company’s circumstances and have been 
consistently applied and adequately disclosed; the reasonableness 
of significant accounting estimates made by the directors; and 
the overall presentation of the financial statements. In addition, 
we read all the financial and non-financial information in the 
annual report to identify material inconsistencies with the audited 
financial statements. If we become aware of any apparent material 
misstatements or inconsistencies we consider the implications for 
our report.

Opinion on financial statements

In our opinion:

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of 
the Group’s and of the Parent Company’s affairs as at 30 April 
2011 and of the Group’s profit for the year then ended;

the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in 
accordance with IFRS as adopted by the European Union;

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

the Parent Company financial statements have been properly 
prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted by the European 
Union and as applied in accordance with the provisions of the 
Companies Act 2006; and

the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with 
the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and, as regards 
the group financial statements, Article 4 of the IAS Regulation.

Opinion on other matters prescribed by the 
Companies Act 2006

In our opinion:

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

the part of the Directors’ Remuneration Report to be audited 
has been properly prepared in accordance with the Companies 
Act 2006; and

the information given in the Directors’ Report for the financial 
year for which the financial statements are prepared is 
consistent with the financial statements.

Matters on which we are required to report by 
exception

We have nothing to report in respect of the following:

Under the Companies Act 2006 we are required to report to you if, 
in our opinion:

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Parent 
Company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been 
received from branches not visited by us; or

the Parent Company financial statements and the part of 
the Directors’ Remuneration Report to be audited are not in 
agreement with the accounting records and returns; or

certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law 
are not made; or

(cid:85)(cid:202) we have not received all the information and explanations we 

require for our audit.

Under the Listing Rules we are required to review:

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

the Directors’ statement, contained within the Financial Review, 
in relation to going concern; 

the part of the Corporate Governance Statement relating to 
the Company’s compliance with the nine provisions of the June 
2008 Combined Code specified for our review; and

certain elements of the report to shareholders by the Board on 
Directors’ remuneration.

Christopher Powell FCA (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of Deloitte LLP
Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditor
Leeds, United Kingdom

29 June 2011

36 Independent auditor’s report to the 

members of Northgate plc
Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Consolidated income statement 
For the year ended 30 April 2011

Revenue: hire of vehicles
Revenue: sale of vehicles

Total revenue

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Administrative expenses (excluding exceptional items,
impairment of intangible assets and intangible amortisation)
Exceptional administrative expenses
Impairment of intangible assets
Intangible amortisation

Total administrative expenses

Profit from operations
Interest income

Finance costs (excluding exceptional items)
Exceptional finance costs

Total finance costs

Profit before taxation
Taxation

Profit for the year

Underlying
2011
£000

537,285
178,217

Statutory
2011
£000

537,285
178,217

Underlying
2010
£000

563,698
185,875

Statutory
2010
£000

563,698
185,875

715,502

715,502

749,573

749,573

Notes

4,5

4,5

4,5

(553,083)

(553,083)

(599,045)

(599,045)

162,419

162,419

150,528

150,528

35

35

15

5,6

8

9

9,35

10

(56,772)
–
–
–

(56,772)
(12,499)
(5,892)
(4,681)

(67,709)
–
–
–

(67,709)
(6,720)
–
(4,990)

(56,772)

(79,844)

(67,709)

(79,419)

105,647
848

82,575
848

82,819
770

71,109
770

(52,649)
–

(52,649)
(4,234)

(47,048)
–

(47,048)
(15,216)

(52,649)

(56,883)

(47,048)

(62,264)

53,846
(15,305)

38,541

26,540
2,853

29,393

36,541
(8,295)

28,246

9,615
14,741

24,356

Profit for the year is wholly attributable to the owners of the Parent Company. All results arise from continuing operations.

Underlying profit excludes exceptional items and impairment of intangible assets as set out in Note 35, as well as intangible amortisation and 
the taxation thereon, in order to provide a better indication of the Group’s underlying business performance.

Earnings per share
Basic

Diluted

12

12

29.0p

28.5p

22.1p

21.7p

26.8p

26.4p

23.1p

22.8p

37 Consolidated income statement

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Statements of comprehensive income
For the year ended 30 April 2011

Amounts attributable to the owners of the
Parent Company
Profit (loss) attributable to the owners

Other comprehensive income
Foreign exchange differences on retranslation of net assets of 
subsidiary undertakings
Net foreign exchange differences on long term borrowings and 
derivatives held as hedges
Foreign exchange difference on revaluation reserve
Net fair value gains (losses) on cash flow hedges
Deferred tax (charge) credit recognised directly in equity relating 
to cash flow hedges
Actuarial losses on defined benefit pension scheme
Deferred tax credit (charge) recognised directly in equity relating 
to defined benefit pension scheme

Notes

 Group

2011
£000

2010
£000

Company

2011
£000

2010
£000

29,393

24,356

(18,384)

(13,118)

32

32

28

31

31

34

34

4,645

(3,929)

–

–

(3,727)
33
5,386

(1,559)
(169)

50

3,929
(35)
(14,681)

4,110
(221)

(8)

–
–
5,069

(1,467)
–

–

–
–
(14,762)

4,130
–

–

Total other comprehensive income

4,659

(10,835)

3,602

(10,632)

Total comprehensive income for the year

34,052

13,521

(14,782)

(23,750)

38 Statements of comprehensive income 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Balance sheets 
As at 30 April 2011

Non-current assets
Goodwill
Other intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment: vehicles for hire
Other property, plant and equipment

Total property, plant and equipment

Derivative financial instrument assets
Deferred tax assets
Investments

Total non-current assets

Current assets
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Derivative financial instrument assets
Cash and cash equivalents

Total current assets

Total assets

Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
Current tax liabilities
Short term borrowings

Total current liabilities

Net current assets (liabilities)

Non-current liabilities
Derivative financial instrument liabilities
Long term borrowings
Deferred tax liabilities
Retirement benefit obligation

Total non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Equity
Share capital
Share premium account
Revaluation reserve
Own shares reserve
Merger reserve
Hedging reserve
Translation reserve
Capital redemption reserve
Retained earnings

Total equity

Notes

Group

2011
£000

2010
£000

3,589
11,809

714,042
77,308

3,589
20,449

741,543
86,512

791,350

828,055

Company

2011
£000

–
–

–
2,705

2,705

2010
£000

–
–

–
2,766

2,766

2,155
10,179
–

14,622
18,409
–

2,155
1,910
147,894

14,622
2,462
147,895

819,082

885,124

154,664

167,745

21,371
124,623
–
96,885

22,933
142,175
–
85,343

–
903,532
3,301
18,937

–
960,562
–
38,737

242,879

250,451

925,770

999,299

1,061,961

1,135,575

1,080,434

1,167,044

67,419
16,712
13,578

86,687
16,439
153,349

221,696
–
–

196,015
–
152,236

97,709

256,475

221,696

348,251

145,170

(6,024)

704,074

651,048

7,684
612,434
4,233
142

8,794
547,061
17,600
539

7,684
598,515
–
–

8,794
544,955
–
–

624,493

573,994

606,199

553,749

722,202

830,469

827,895

902,000

339,759

305,106

252,539

265,044

66,616
113,508
1,363
(1,630)
67,463
(1,893)
(4,738)
40
99,030

66,475
113,269
1,330
(891)
67,463
(5,720)
(5,656)
40
68,796

66,616
113,508
1,371
–
63,159
(1,776)
–
40
9,621

66,475
113,269
1,371
–
63,159
(5,378)
–
40
26,108

339,759

305,106

252,539

265,044

14

15

16

17

23

25

18

19

20

23

21

24

22

23

22

25

38

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

Total equity is wholly attributable to the owners of the Parent Company.

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 29 June 2011.

They were signed on its behalf by:

RD Mackenzie

CJR Muir

Director

Director

39 Balance sheets

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Cash flow statements
For the year ended 30 April 2011

Net cash from (used in) operations

(a)

102,260

188,525

(41,539)

(54,325)

Group

2011
£000

2010
£000

Company

2011
£000

2010
£000

Investing activities
Interest received
Dividends received from subsidiary undertakings
Proceeds from disposal of other property, plant and equipment
Purchases of other property, plant and equipment
Purchases of intangible assets

Net cash (used in) from investing activities

Financing activities
Repayments of obligations under finance leases
Repayments of bank loans and other borrowings
Debt issue costs paid
Receipt of other loan
Loans from subsidiary undertakings
Settlement of financial instruments with subsidiary undertaking
Proceeds from issue of share capital
Payments to acquire own shares for share schemes
Termination of financial instruments

848
–
3,295
(4,972)
(2,027)

(2,856)

–
(175,464)
(10,309)
100,000
–
–
380
(1,676)
(896)

770
–
1,805
(4,617)
(1,849)

(3,891)

(37)
(255,422)
(31,358)
–
–
–
108,245
(674)
–

112
45,000
–
–
–

45,112

–
(195,944)
(10,309)
100,000
85,992
–
380
(1,676)
(896)

Net cash (used in) from financing activities

(87,965)

(179,246)

(22,453)

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 May
Effect of foreign exchange movements

11,439
85,343
103

5,388
80,036
(81)

(18,880)
38,737
(920)

Cash and cash equivalents at 30 April

(b)

96,885

85,343

18,937

236
56,701
–
–
–

56,937

–
(216,924)
(31,358)
–
181,680
(21,620)
108,245
(684)
–

19,339

21,951
13,215
3,571

38,737

40 Cash flow statements 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the cash flow statements 
For the year ended 30 April 2011

(a) Net cash from (used in) operations

Profit (loss) from operations
Adjustments for:
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
Impairment of intangible assets
Impairment of other property, plant and equipment
Exchange differences
Amortisation of intangible assets
Loss (gain) on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Share options fair value charge

Operating cash flows before movements in working capital
(Increase) decrease in non-vehicle inventories
Decrease in receivables
(Decrease) increase in payables

Cash generated from (used in) operations
Income taxes (paid) repaid
Interest paid

Net cash generated from (used in) operations
Purchase of vehicles
Proceeds from disposal of vehicles

Group

2011 
£000

82,575

215,867
5,892
6,868
69
4,681
48
1,897

317,897
(619)
18,836
(4,729)

331,385
(3,292)
(43,445)

284,648
(343,620)
161,232

2010
£000
(As restated)

71,109

242,120
–
–
58
4,990
(491)
1,154

318,940
832
31,826
6,511

358,109
835
(48,316)

310,628
(299,144)
177,041

Company

2011 
£000

2010 
£000

(5,137)

(7,496)

61
–
–
–
–
–
1,897

(3,179)
–
11
3,173

5
–
(41,544)

(41,539)
–
–

62
–
–
(225)
–
–
1,154

(6,505)
–
893
(611)

(6,223)
–
(48,102)

(54,325)
–
–

Net cash from (used in) operations

102,260

188,525

(41,539)

(54,325)

(b) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash at bank and in hand.

41 Notes to the cash flow statements

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Statements of changes in equity 
For the year ended 30 April 2011

Group

Total equity at 1 May 2009
Share options fair value charge
Share options exercised
Issue of Ordinary share capital (net of expenses)
Profit attributable to owners of the Parent Company
Purchase of own shares
Transfer of shares on vesting of share options
Other comprehensive income
Transfers between equity reserves

Total equity at 1 May 2010
Share options fair value charge
Share options exercised
Issue of Ordinary share capital
Profit attributable to owners of the Parent Company
Purchase of own shares
Transfer of shares on vesting of share options
Other comprehensive income
Transfers between equity reserves

Share
capital
and share
premium
£000

71,499
–
–
108,245
–
–
–
–
–

179,744
–
–
380
–
–
–
–
–

Own
shares
reserve
£000

(2,302)
–
–
–
–
(674)
2,085
–
–

(891)
–
–
–
–
(1,676)
937
–
–

Hedging
reserve
£000

4,851
–
–
–
–
–
–
(9,602)
(969)

(5,720)
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,616
1,211

Translation
reserve
£000

(5,656)
–
–
–
–
–
–
(969)
969

(5,656)
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,129
(1,211)

Other
reserves
£000

68,868
–
–
–
–
–
–
(35)
–

68,833
–
–
–
–
–
–
33
–

Retained
earnings
£000

45,499
1,154
(1,984)
–
24,356
–
–
(229)
–

68,796
1,897
(937)
–
29,393
–
–
(119)
–

Total equity at 30 April 2011

180,124

(1,630)

(1,893)

(4,738)

68,866

99,030

Other reserves comprise the capital redemption reserve, revaluation reserve and merger reserve.

Company

Total equity at 1 May 2009
Share options fair value charge
Issue of Ordinary share capital (net of expenses)
Loss attributable to owners of the Parent Company
Other comprehensive income

Total equity at 1 May 2010
Share options fair value charge
Issue of Ordinary share capital
Loss attributable to owners of the Parent Company
Other comprehensive income

Share
capital
and share
premium
£000

71,499
–
108,245
–
–

179,744
–
380
–
–

Revaluation
reserve 
£000

1,371
–
–
–
–

1,371
–
–
–
–

Hedging
reserve
£000

5,254
–
–
–
(10,632)

(5,378)
–
–
–
3,602

Merger
reserve
£000

63,159
–
–
–
–

63,159
–
–
–
–

Total equity at 30 April 2011

180,124

1,371

(1,776)

63,159

Capital
redemption
reserve
£000

40
–
–
–
–

40
–
–
–
–

40

Retained
earnings
£000

38,072
1,154
–
(13,118)
–

26,108
1,897
–
(18,384)
–

Total
£000

182,759
1,154
(1,984)
108,245
24,356
(674)
2,085
(10,835)
–

305,106
1,897
(937)
380
29,393
(1,676)
937
4,659
–

339,759

Total
£000

179,395
1,154
108,245
(13,118)
(10,632)

265,044
1,897
380
(18,384)
3,602

9,621

252,539

42 Statements of changes in equity

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts

1. General information

Northgate plc is a Company incorporated in England and Wales under the Companies Act 2006. The address of the registered office is given 
on page 92. The nature of the Group’s operations and its principal activities are set out in Note 5 and in the Operational Review and Financial 
Review on pages 11 to 19.

The accounts are presented in UK Sterling because this is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Group operates. 
Foreign operations are included in accordance with the policies set out in Note 2.

2. Principal accounting policies

Statement of compliance

The accounts have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The accounts have also been 
prepared in accordance with IFRS adopted by the European Union (EU) and therefore the Group accounts comply with Article 4 of the EU 
Regulation.

Basis of preparation

The financial information has been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for the revaluation of certain financial instruments.

Going concern

The accounts continue to be prepared on a going concern basis since the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Company and 
Group have adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future as set out on page 17 of the Financial Review.

Changes in accounting policy

(a) New standards and interpretations becoming effective in the current financial year
The following new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations are mandatory for the financial year beginning 1 May 2010 but 
have no material impact on the consolidated results or financial position of the Group.

IFRS 2

IFRS 3

IAS 27

IAS 28

IAS 31

IAS 32

IAS 39

IFRIC 17

IFRIC 18

Share-based Payment – Amendment relating to group cash-settled share-based payment transactions

Business Combinations – Comprehensive revision on applying the acquisition method

Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements – Consequential amendments arising from amendments to IFRS 3

Investments in Associates – Consequential amendments arising from amendments to IFRS 3

Interests in Joint Ventures – Consequential amendments arising from amendments to IFRS 3

Financial Instruments: Presentation – Amendments relating to classification of rights issues

Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement – Amendments for eligible hedged items

Distribution of Non-cash Assets to Owners

Transfer of Assets from Customers

(b) New standards and interpretations issued but not yet effective
The following relevant new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations have been issued with an effective date for financial 
years beginning on or after the dates disclosed below.

IFRS 7

IFRS 9

IFRS 10

IFRS 11

IFRS 12

IFRS 13

IAS 12

IAS 24

IAS 27

IFRIC 14

Financial Instruments: Disclosures – Amendments relating to the transfer of financial assets

Financial Instruments

Consolidated Financial Statements

Joint Arrangements

Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities

Fair Value Measurement

Income Taxes – Amendments relating to deferred tax and the recovery of underlying assets

Related Party Disclosures – Revised to replace existing IAS 24 to clarify and simplify the definition of a 
related party, and provide exemptions for government related entities

Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements – Amendments

Prepayments of a Minimum Funding Requirement – Amendments to IFRIC 14 relating to voluntary 
prepayments for minimum funding contributions

IFRIC 19

Extinguishing Financial Liabilities with Equity Instruments

1 January 2011

1 January 2013

1 January 2013

1 January 2013

1 January 2013

1 January 2013

1 January 2012

1 January 2011

1 July 2010

1 January 2011

1 July 2010

43 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

2.

Principal accounting policies continued

The Directors are currently assessing the impact of IFRS 9 on its results, financial position and cash flows and do not expect that there will be 
any material impact on the Group’s accounts on adoption of any of the other above standards and interpretations.

Basis of consolidation

Subsidiary undertakings are entities controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company has the power, directly or indirectly, to 
govern the financial and operating policies of the entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. The consolidated accounts include the 
accounts of the Company and its subsidiary undertakings made up to 30 April 2010 and 30 April 2011. The results of a new subsidiary 
undertaking are included from the date of its acquisition. Where an entity has ceased to be a subsidiary undertaking during the year, its 
results are included to the date of cessation.

On acquisition, the assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of a subsidiary undertaking are measured at their fair values at the date of 
acquisition. Any excess of the cost of acquisition over the fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired is recognised as goodwill. Any 
deficiency of the cost of acquisition below the fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired (i.e. discount on acquisition) is credited to the 
income statement in the period of acquisition. The interest of non-controlling interests is stated at the non-controlling interest's proportion 
of the fair values of the assets and liabilities recognised. Subsequently any losses applicable to the non-controlling interest in excess of the 
amount of non-controlling interest are allocated against the interests of the parent.

Where necessary, adjustments are made to the accounts of subsidiary undertakings to bring the accounting policies used into line with those 
used by the Group. All intra-group transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated on consolidation.

Revenue recognition

Group revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable in respect of the hire of vehicles, sale of used vehicles 
and the supply of related goods and services in the normal course of business, net of value added tax and discounts.

Revenue from vehicle hire is recognised evenly over the hire period and revenue from sales of other related goods and services is recognised 
at the point of sale.

Revenue from the sale of used vehicles is recognised at the point of sale.

Goodwill

All business combinations are accounted for by applying the purchase method. Goodwill represents amounts arising on acquisition of 
subsidiary undertakings and interests in associates and is the difference between the cost of the acquisition and the fair value of the net 
identifiable assets and liabilities acquired.

Goodwill is stated at cost less any accumulated impairment losses identified through annual or other tests for impairment. Any impairment is 
recognised immediately in the income statement and is not subsequently reversed.

Intangible assets – arising on business combinations

Amortisation of intangible assets is charged to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of each intangible 
asset. Intangible assets are amortised from the date they are available for use. The estimated useful lives are as follows:

Customer relationships

Brand names

Non-compete agreements

Intangible assets – other

5 to 13 years

5 to 10 years

2 to 4 years

Other intangible assets that are acquired by the Group are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses. Software 
assets are amortised on a straight line basis over their estimated useful lives, which do not exceed three years.

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment is stated at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation and any provision for impairment. Certain properties 
were revalued prior to the adoption of IFRS. These valuations were treated as deemed cost at the time of adopting IFRS for the first time. 
Depreciation is provided so as to write off the cost of assets to residual values on a straight-line basis over the assets’ useful estimated lives 
as follows:

Freehold buildings

Leasehold buildings

Plant, equipment & fittings

Vehicles for hire

Motor vehicles

50 years

50 years or over the life of the lease, whichever is shorter

3 to 10 years

3 to 6 years

3 to 6 years

44 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

2.

Principal accounting policies continued

Vehicles for hire are depreciated on a straight-line basis using depreciation rates that reflect economic lives of between three and six years. 
These depreciation rates have been determined with the anticipation that the net book values at the point the vehicles are transferred into 
inventories is in line with the open market values for those vehicles. Depreciation charges reflect adjustments made as a result of differences 
between expected and actual residual values of used vehicles, taking into account the further directly attributable costs to sell the vehicles.

Property under construction is not depreciated. Depreciation commences when these assets are ready for their intended use. Freehold land is 
not depreciated.

On the subsequent sale or retirement of properties revalued prior to the adoption of IFRS, the attributable revaluation surplus remaining in 
the revaluation reserve is transferred directly to retained earnings. The residual value, if not insignificant, is reassessed annually.

The amounts disclosed relating to the proceeds from disposal of vehicles, the accumulated depreciation relating to the transfer to inventories 
of vehicles for hire and the depreciation charge of vehicles for hire as disclosed in the 2010 accounts have been restated in these accounts 
to increase these amounts by £12,368,000 in order to accurately present these figures. The items affected and the restated amounts are 
as follows: proceeds from disposal of vehicles of £177,041,000 and depreciation of property, plant and equipment of £242,120,000 in the 
notes to the cash flow statement;  depreciation of property, plant and equipment of £242,120,000 in Note 5 and Note 6; and the charge for 
the year of £236,881,000 and transfer to inventories of £(249,857,000) in Note 16. There is no change to the 2010 reported profit or cash 
flows of the Group.

Fixed asset investments

Fixed asset investments are shown at cost less any provision for impairment.

Impairment

At each balance sheet date, the Group reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any 
indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in 
order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any).

The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less selling costs and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows 
are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and 
the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

An impairment loss is recognised in the income statement whenever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. 
Impairment losses recognised in respect of cash generating units are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated 
to cash generating units and then to reduce the carrying amount of other assets in the unit on a pro rata basis.

Where an impairment loss has been recognised in an earlier period, the Group reassesses whether there are any indications that such 
impairment has decreased or no longer exists.

Inventories

Used vehicles held for resale are valued at the lower of cost or net realisable value. Net realisable value represents the estimated selling price 
less costs to be incurred in marketing, selling and distribution.

Other inventories comprise spare parts and consumables and are valued at the lower of cost or net realisable value.

Taxation

The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the income statement 
because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never 
taxable or deductible.

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the 
accounts and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit and is accounted for using the balance sheet liability 
method. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the 
extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such assets 
and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in a business 
combination) of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the tax profit nor the accounting profit.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that 
sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for taxable temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries and associates, and interests 
in joint ventures, except where the Group is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary 
difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future.

45 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

2.

Principal accounting policies continued

Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised.

Current and deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to 
equity, in which case the current or deferred tax is also dealt with in equity.

Financial instruments and hedge accounting

Financial assets and liabilities are recognised in the Group’s balance sheet when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provision of 
the instrument.

Trade receivables are non-interest bearing and are stated at their nominal value less any appropriate provision for irrecoverable amounts. 
Trade payables are non-interest bearing and are stated at their nominal value.

The Group uses derivative financial instruments to hedge its exposure to foreign exchange and interest rate risks arising from operational, 
financing and investment activities. In accordance with its treasury policy, the Group does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for 
trading purposes.

Derivative financial instruments are stated at fair value. Any gain or loss on remeasurement to fair value is recognised immediately in the 
income statement except where derivatives qualify for hedge accounting, where recognition of the resultant gain or loss depends on the 
nature of the items being hedged.

The fair value of cross-currency and interest rate derivatives is the estimated amount that the Group would receive or pay to terminate 
the derivative at the balance sheet date, taking into account current interest rates and the current creditworthiness of the derivative 
counterparties.

Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments that are designated and effective as hedges of future cash flows are recognised 
directly in equity and the ineffective portion is recognised in the income statement. Amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive 
income and accumulated in equity are reclassified to profit or loss in the periods when the hedged item is recognised in profit or loss, in the 
same line of the income statement as the recognised hedged item. However, when the forecast transaction that is hedged results in the 
recognition of a non-financial asset or a non-financial liability, the gains and losses previously accumulated in equity are transferred from 
equity and included in the initial measurement of the cost of the non-financial asset or non-financial liability.

Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting are recognised in the income statement 
as they arise.

Hedge accounting for cash flow hedges is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, exercised or no longer 
qualifies for hedge accounting. At that time, any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in equity is retained in equity 
until the forecasted transaction occurs. If a hedged transaction is no longer expected to occur, the net cumulative gain or loss recognised in 
equity is transferred to the income statement as a net profit or loss for the period.

Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments that are designated and effective as net investment hedges are recognised directly 
in equity and the ineffective portion is recognised in the income statement.  Exchange differences arising on the net investment hedges are 
transferred to the translation reserve.

Bank loans, other loan, loan notes and issue costs

Bank loans, other loan and loan notes are stated at the amount of proceeds after deduction of issue costs, which are amortised over the 
period of the loan. Finance charges, including premiums payable on settlement or redemption and direct issue costs, are accounted for in the 
income statement on an accruals basis.

Foreign currencies

Transactions in foreign currencies other than UK Sterling are recorded at the rate prevailing at the date of the transaction or at the contracted 
rate if the transaction is covered by a forward exchange contract. At each balance sheet date, monetary assets and liabilities that are 
denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date.

The net assets of overseas subsidiary undertakings are translated into UK Sterling at the rate of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. 
The exchange difference arising on the retranslation of opening net assets is recognised directly in equity. All other translation differences are 
taken to the income statement with the exception of exchange differences on foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are used 
to finance or provide a hedge against Group equity investments in foreign enterprises, which are recognised directly in equity, together with 
the exchange difference on the net investment in these enterprises.

The results of overseas subsidiary undertakings and joint ventures are translated into UK Sterling using average exchange rates for the 
financial period and variances compared with the exchange rate at the balance sheet date are recognised directly in equity.

Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on acquisition of a foreign entity are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign entity. They are 
denominated in the functional currency of the foreign entity and translated at the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date, with 
any variances reflected directly in equity.

All foreign exchange differences reflected directly in equity are shown in the translation reserve component of equity.

46 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

2.

Principal accounting policies continued

Leasing and hire purchase commitments

As Lessee:
Assets held under finance leases and hire purchase contracts are capitalised in the balance sheet at their fair value or, if lower, the present 
value of the future minimum lease payments and are depreciated over their useful economic lives using Group policies. The capital elements 
of future obligations under finance leases and hire purchase contracts are included as liabilities in the balance sheet. The interest elements 
of the rental obligations are charged to the income statement over the periods of the leases and hire purchase contracts so as to produce a 
constant rate of return on the outstanding balance.

Rentals payable under operating leases are charged to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

As Lessor:
Motor vehicles and equipment hired to customers under operating leases are included within property, plant and equipment. Income from 
such leases is taken to the income statement evenly over the period of the operating lease agreement.

Retirement benefit costs

The Group predominantly operates defined contribution pension schemes but has one defined benefit scheme. Contributions in respect of 
defined contribution arrangements are charged to the income statement in the period they fall due. Pension contributions in respect of one 
of these arrangements are held in trustee administered funds, independently of the Group’s finances.

For the defined benefit scheme, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the Projected Unit Credit Method, with updates to 
actuarial valuations being carried out at each balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in full in the period in which they 
occur. They are recognised outside the income statement and presented in the statement of other comprehensive income.

Past service cost is recognised immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested and otherwise is amortised on a straight line 
basis over the average period until the benefits become vested.

The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the balance sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted 
for unrecognised past service cost and as reduced by the fair value of the scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to 
past service cost, plus the present value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the scheme.

The Group also operates group personal pension plans. The costs of these plans are charged to the income statement as they fall due.

Employee share schemes and share based payments

The Group has applied the requirements of IFRS 2 (Share-based Payment). The Group issues equity-settled payments to certain employees.

Equity-settled employee schemes, including employee share options and deferred annual bonuses, provide employees with the option 
to acquire shares of the Company. Employee share options and deferred annual bonuses are generally subject to performance or 
service conditions.

The fair value of equity-settled payments is measured at the date of grant and charged to the income statement over the period during which 
performance or service conditions are required to be met or immediately where no performance or service criteria exist. The fair value of 
equity-settled payments granted is measured using the Black-Scholes model. The amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the 
actual number of employee share options that vest, except where forfeiture is only due to market based performance criteria not being met.

The Group also operates a share incentive plan under which employees each have the option to purchase an amount of shares annually and 
receive an equivalent number of free shares. The Group recognises the free shares as an expense evenly throughout the period over which 
the employees must remain in the employ of the Group in order to receive the free shares.

Interest income and finance costs

Interest income and finance costs are recognised in the income statement using the effective interest rate method.

Exceptional items

Items are classified as exceptional gains or losses where they are considered by the Directors to be material and which individually or, if of a 
similar type, in aggregate need to be disclosed by virtue of their size or incidence if the accounts are to be properly understood.

Dividends

Dividends on Ordinary shares are recognised in the period in which they are either paid or formally approved, whichever is earlier.

Provisions

A provision is recognised in the balance sheet when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event and it 
is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. If the effect is material, provisions are determined 
by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and, 
where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability.

47 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

2.

Principal accounting policies continued

Own shares

The Group makes open market purchases of its own shares in order to satisfy the requirements of the Group’s existing share schemes. Own 
shares are recognised at cost as a reduction in shareholder equity. The carrying values of own shares are compared to their market values at 
each reporting date and adjustments are made to write down the carrying value of own shares when, in the opinion of the Directors, there is 
a significant market value reduction.

3. Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

In the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies, which are described in Note 2, the Directors have made the following judgments 
that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the accounts.

Depreciation

Vehicles for hire are depreciated on a straight-line basis using depreciation rates that reflect economic lives of between three and six years. 
These depreciation rates have been determined with the anticipation that the net book values at the point the vehicles are transferred into 
inventories is in line with the open market values for those vehicles.

Under IAS 16 (Property, Plant and Equipment), the Group is required to review its depreciation rates and estimated useful lives regularly to 
ensure that the net book value of disposals of tangible fixed assets are broadly equivalent to their market value.

Depreciation charges reflect adjustments made as a result of differences between expected and actual residual values of used vehicles, taking 
into account the further directly attributable costs to sell the vehicles.

Intangible assets

Amortisation of intangible assets is charged to the income statement on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of each intangible 
asset. The Directors have made assumptions with regard to the evidence in the market, at the time of acquisitions, when determining these 
estimated useful lives.

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the balance sheet date, that have a significant 
risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are discussed below.

Impairment of goodwill and other non-current assets

Determining whether goodwill and other non-current assets are impaired requires an estimation of their value in use in the cash generating 
units. The value in use calculation requires the entity to estimate the future cash flows expected to arise from each cash generating unit and a 
suitable discount rate in order to calculate present value.

Provision for bad and doubtful debts

Trade receivables are stated in the balance sheet at their nominal value less any appropriate provision for irrecoverable amounts. In 
determining whether provision is required against any trade receivable, judgment is required in estimating the likely levels of recovery. In 
exercising this judgment, consideration is given to both the overall economic environment in which a debtor operates, as well as specific 
indicators that the recovery of the nominal balance may be in doubt, for example days’ sales outstanding in excess of agreed credit terms or 
other qualitative information in respect of a customer.

Taxation

The Group carries out tax planning consistent with a Group of its size and makes appropriate provision, based on best estimates, until tax 
computations are agreed with the tax authorities. To the extent that tax estimates result in the recognition of deferred tax assets, those assets 
are only carried in the balance sheet to the extent that it is considered that they are likely to be recovered in the short term. In the current 
year, net deferred tax assets totalling £5,928,000 previously derecognised have been recognised as the recovery of those assets is now 
considered probable in the short term (2010 – £15,456,000), as explained further in Note 10.

4. Revenue

Total revenue of £715,502,000 (2010 – £749,573,000) comprises revenue from the hire of vehicles of £537,285,000 (2010 – £563,698,000) 
and revenue from the sale of vehicles of £178,217,000 (2010 – £185,875,000).

48 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

5. Segmental reporting

Management has determined the operating segments based upon the information provided to the executive Board of Directors which is 
considered to be the chief operating decision maker. The Group is managed and reports internally, on a basis consistent with its two main 
operating divisions, UK and Spain. The UK division includes operations in the Republic of Ireland. The principal activities of these divisions are 
set out in the Operational Review and Financial Review.

Revenue: hire of vehicles
Revenue: sale of vehicles

Total revenue

Operating profit (loss) *
Exceptional adminisitrative expenses
Impairment of intangible assets
Intangible amortisation

Profit (loss) from operations

Interest income
Finance costs (excluding exceptional items)
Exceptional finance costs

Profit before taxation

Other information
Capital expenditure
Depreciation
Impairment of other property, plant and equipment
Impairment of intangible assets

Reportable segment assets
Derivative financial instrument assets
Income tax assets

Total assets

Reportable segment liabilities
Derivative financial instrument liabilities
Income tax liabilities

Total liabilities

UK
2011
£000

Spain
2011
£000

Corporate
2011
£000

333,935
102,964

203,350
75,253

436,899

278,603

73,617
(2,433)
–
(3,234)

67,950

36,649
(9,434)
(5,892)
(1,447)

19,876

–
–

–

(4,619)
(632)
–
–

(5,251)

206,416
124,415
–
–

135,300
91,391
6,868
5,892

639,295

410,332

–
61
–
–

–

455,841

237,732

–

Total
2011
£000

537,285
178,217

715,502

105,647
(12,499)
(5,892)
(4,681)

82,575

848
(52,649)
(4,234)

26,540

341,716
215,867
6,868
5,892

1,049,627
2,155
10,179

1,061,961

693,573
7,684
20,945

722,202

49 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
Notes to the accounts continued

5.

Segmental reporting continued

Revenue: hire of vehicles
Revenue: sale of vehicles

Total revenue

Operating profit (loss) *
Exceptional administrative expenses
Intangible amortisation

Profit (loss) from operations

Interest income
Finance costs (excluding exceptional items)
Exceptional finance costs

Profit before taxation

Other information
Capital expenditure
Depreciation (as restated)

Reportable segment assets
Derivative financial instrument assets
Income tax assets

Total assets

Reportable segment liabilities
Derivative financial instrument liabilities
Income tax liabilities

Total liabilities

UK
2010
£000

328,198
114,321

442,519

58,970
(5,779)
(2,977)

50,214

Spain
2010
£000

235,500
71,554

307,054

29,983
127
(2,013)

28,097

Corporate
2010
£000

–
–

–

(6,134)
(1,068)
–

(7,202)

214,015
136,057

101,718
106,001

643,024

459,520

–
62

–

487,332

300,304

–

Total
2010
£000

563,698
185,875

749,573

82,819
(6,720)
(4,990)

71,109

770
(47,048)
(15,216)

9,615

315,733
242,120

1,102,544
14,622
18,409

1,135,575

787,636
8,794
34,039

830,469

*    operating profit (loss) stated before intangible amortisation, impairment of intangible assets and exceptional items is the measure used by 

the executive Board of Directors to assess segment performance.

Revenue from sale of vehicles is included as revenue in accordance with IAS 16 which requires used vehicle assets to be classified as 
inventories. Used vehicle sales are included within UK and Spain operating segments, which reflects the level at which the executive Board of 
Directors allocate resources and review performance of the Group.

There is no significant intersegment trading.

Fleet Technique was previously reported as a separate operating segment of the Group. Due to an ongoing restructuring of the UK business 
the operations of Fleet Technique have become integrated into the UK segment and as such the results are no longer reported separately 
to the executive Board of Directors. Consequently, Fleet Technique is no longer regarded as a separate operating segment. The comparative 
information for the year ended 30 April 2010 has been adjusted to reflect this change.

Geographical information 

Revenues are attributed to countries on the basis of the company’s location. The Directors consider the United Kingdom and Republic 
of Ireland to be a single geographical segment on the grounds that the results and net assets of operations in the Republic of Ireland are 
immaterial to the Group as a whole.

United Kingdom & Republic of Ireland
Spain

Revenue
2011
£000

436,899
278,603

Non-current
assets
2011
£000

475,413
331,335

715,502

806,748

Revenue
2010
£000

442,519
307,054

749,573

Non-current
assets
2010
£000

486,026
366,067

852,093

There are no external customers from whom the Group derives more than 10 per cent of total revenue. Non-current assets exclude financial 
instrument assets and deferred tax assets.

50 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
  
6. Profit from operations

Profit from operations is stated after charging:
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment (as restated)
Impairment of other property, plant and equipment
Amortisation of intangible assets
Impairment of intangible assets
Net foreign exchange losses
Exceptional administrative expenses (excluding impairment of assets)
Staff costs
Cost of inventories recognised as an expense (as restated)
Net impairment of trade receivables
Auditor’s remuneration for audit services (below)
Auditor’s remuneration for non-audit services (below)

Notes

16, 17

17, 35

15

15, 35

35

7

39

2011
£000

 2010
£000

215,867
6,868
4,681
5,892
69
5,631
84,356
210,681
5,457
405
149

242,120
–
4,990
–
58
6,720
91,185
229,820
12,065
356
355

The above cost of inventories recognised as an expense includes movements in stock provisions which are immaterial.

The disclosure of cost of inventories recognised as an expense in the prior year has been restated by £17,981,000 from £211,839,000 to 
£229,820,000 to include all attributable costs to sell vehicles held for resale.  There is no change to the profit of the Group.

Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for the audit of the Company’s annual accounts
Fees payable to the Company’s auditor and its associates for the audit of the
Company’s subsidiaries pursuant to legislation

Total audit fees

Other services pursuant to legislation
Tax services
Other services

Total non-audit fees

2011
£000

240

165

405

21
64
64

149

2010
£000

226

130

356

21
250
84

355

In addition to the amounts shown above, fees payable to Deloitte LLP in their capacity as Reporting Accountants in connection with the 
placing and rights issue amounting to £Nil (2010 – £500,000) were charged to the share premium account.

Fees payable to Deloitte LLP and their associates for non-audit services to the Company are not required to be disclosed because the 
consolidated financial statements are required to disclose such fees on a consolidated basis.

A description of the work of the Audit and Risk Committee is set out on pages 30 to 31 and includes an explanation of how auditor 
objectivity and independence is safeguarded when non-audit services are provided by the auditor.

7. Staff costs

The average number of persons employed by the Group:

United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland:
Direct operations
Administration

Spain:
Direct operations
Administration

2011
Number

2010
Number

1,599
480

2,079

830
136

966

1,664
493

2,157

841
118

959

3,045

3,116

The above United Kingdom administration employee numbers include 21 (2010 – 21) in respect of the Company.

51 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

7.

Staff costs continued

The aggregate remuneration of Group employees comprised:
Wages and salaries
Social security costs
Other pension costs

2011
£000

2010
£000

72,936
9,995
1,425

84,356

78,609
10,628
1,948

91,185

Wages and salaries include £2,306,000 (2010 – £4,226,000) and pension costs include £Nil (2010 – £151,000) in respect of redundancies 
and loss of office. The above employee remuneration includes wages and salaries costs of £3,414,000 (2010 – £5,110,000), social security 
costs of £354,000 (2010 – £501,000) and other pension costs of £99,000 (2010 – £552,000) in respect of the Company.

Details of Directors’ remuneration, pension contributions and share options are provided in the audited part of the Remuneration Report on 
pages 25 to 29.

8.

Interest income

Interest on bank and other deposits

9. Finance costs

Interest on bank overdrafts and loans
Amortisation of arrangement fees
Amortisation of terminated cross-currency derivatives
Cross-currency derivatives ineffectiveness (Note 23)
Change in fair value of cross-currency derivatives (Note 23)
Change in fair value of interest rate derivatives (Note 23)
Preference share dividends
Interest on obligations under finance leases

Finance costs (excluding exceptional items)

Exceptional finance costs
Financing fees written off on extinguishment of debt (Note 35)
Termination of Euro interest rate swaps (Note 23)
Termination of cross-currency swaps (Note 23)
De-designation of Sterling interest rate derivatives (Note 23)
Make-whole premium on US loan notes (Note 35)
Covenant deferral fees (Note 35)
Write off of unamortised fees relating to bilateral debt facilities (Note 35)
Other financing fees (Note 35)

Total exceptional finance costs

2011
£000

848

2010
£000

770

2011

£000

43,241
9,777
(608)
(202)
416
–
25
–

52,649

2,728
473
423
610
–
–
–
–

4,234

56,883

2010

£000

41,046
6,123
(405)
–
–
253
25
6

47,048

–
–
–
–
8,842
2,199
3,751
424

15,216

62,264

Included in interest on bank overdrafts and loans in the current year is a foreign exchange gain of £Nil (2010 £252,000) (Note 23).

52 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

10. Taxation

Current tax:
UK corporation tax
Adjustment in respect of prior years
Foreign tax

Deferred tax:
Origination and reversal of timing differences
Adjustment in respect of prior years
Net recognition of deferred tax assets
UK rate adjustment

2011

£000

5,593
(4,241)
642

1,994

1,091
102
(5,928)
(112)

2010

£000

–
(564)
1,208

644

2,085
(2,014)
(15,456)
 –

(4,847)

(15,385)

(2,853)

(14,741)

Corporation tax is calculated at 28% (2010 – 28%) of the estimated assessable profit for the year. Taxation for other jurisdictions is calculated 
at the rates prevailing in those respective jurisdictions. 

The net credit for the year can be reconciled to the profit before taxation as stated in the income statement as follows:

Profit before taxation

Tax at the UK corporation tax rate of 28% (2010 – 28%)
Tax effect of expenses that are not deductible in determining taxable profit
Tax effect of income not taxable in determining taxable profit
Difference in taxation in overseas subsidiary undertakings
Recognition of deferred tax assets (below)
Reduction in UK tax rate
Adjustment to tax charge in respect of prior years

Tax credit and effective tax rate for the year

2011
£000

26,540

7,431
440
(615)
70
(5,928)
(112)
(4,139)

(2,853)

%

28.0
1.6
(2.3)
0.3
(22.3)
(0.4)
(15.6)

(10.7)

2010
£000

9,615

2,692
131
–
470
(15,456)
–
(2,578)

(14,741)

%

28.0
1.3
–
4.9
(160.7)
–
(26.8)

(153.3)

In addition to the amount credited to the income statement, a net deferred tax amount of £1,509,000 has been charged (2010 – £4,102,000 
credited) directly to equity (Note 25).

The underlying tax charge of £15,305,000 (2010 - £8,295,000) excludes exceptional tax credits of £16,818,000 (2010 - £21,598,000) as set 
out in Note 35, and tax credits on intangible amortisation of £1,340,000 (2010 - £1,438,000).

Deferred tax assets of £5,928,000 previously derecognised have been recognised in the current year as the recovery of those assets is now 
considered probable in the short term on the basis of anticipated future profits (2010 – £15,456,000).

On 1 April 2011 the UK Corporation tax rate changed from 28% to 26%. Accordingly, the tax disclosures reflect deferred tax measured on 
the new 26% rate. The rate is also proposed to be 23% by 1 April 2014. It has not been possible to quantify the full anticipated effect of the 
further 3% reduction, although this will further reduce the Group's future tax charge and reduce the deferred tax liabilities and assets of the 
Group and of the Company accordingly. 

11. Dividends

No dividends were paid in the year (2010 - £Nil). The Directors do not propose a final dividend for the year ended 30 April 2011.

53 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

12. Earnings per share

Basic and diluted earnings per share

The calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share is based on the 
following data:
Earnings
Earnings for the purposes of basic and diluted earnings per share,
being net profit attributable to the owners of the Parent Company

Number of shares
Weighted average number of Ordinary shares
for the purposes of basic earnings per share
Effect of dilutive potential Ordinary shares:
– share options

Weighted average number of Ordinary shares for the purposes
of diluted earnings per share

Basic earnings per share

Diluted earnings per share

13. Result of the parent company

Underlying
2011
£000

Statutory
2011
£000

Underlying
2010
£000

Statutory
2010
£000

38,541

29,393

28,246

24,356

Number

Number

Number

Number

133,029,317 133,029,317 105,374,935

105,374,935

2,306,309

2,306,309

1,605,626

1,605,626

135,335,626 135,335,626 106,980,561

106,980,561

29.0p

28.5p

22.1p

21.7p

26.8p

26.4p

23.1p

22.8p

A loss of £18,384,000 (2010 – £13,118,000) is dealt with in the accounts of the Company. The Directors have taken advantage of the 
exemption available under s408(3) of the Companies Act 2006 and not presented an income statement for the Company alone.

14. Goodwill

Group

Carrying value:
At 1 May 2010 and 30 April 2011

2011
£000

2010
£000

3,589

3,589

Goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated, at acquisition, to the cash generating units that are expected to benefit from the 
business combination. The Group tests goodwill annually for impairment, or more frequently if there are indications that goodwill might 
be impaired.

Goodwill relates to the acquisition of Fleet Technique Limited, the business of which has now been integrated into the UK business. As a 
result there are now only two cash generating units - the UK and Spain. The test for impairment of goodwill has been carried out as part of 
the impairment assessment of the UK business based on risk-adjusted cash flow forecasts derived from a two year business plan approved 
by the Directors in April 2011 with a growth rate of 2% over a 10 year period, including terminal values, and a discount rate of 10%. The 
recoverable amount was in excess of the current book value and accordingly, no provision for impairment has been recognised.

54 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

15. Other intangible assets 

Group

Cost:
At 1 May 2009
Additions
Disposals
Exchange differences

At 1 May 2010
Additions
Disposals
Exchange differences

At 30 April 2011

Amortisation:
At 1 May 2009
Charge for the year
Impairment charge (Note 35)
Impairment reversal (Note 35)
Disposals
Exchange differences

At 1 May 2010
Charge for the year
Impairment (Note 35)
Disposals
Exchange differences

At 30 April 2011

Carrying amount:
At 30 April 2011

At 30 April 2010

Brand
names
£000

Customer
relationships
£000

Non-compete
agreements
£000

Software
technology
£000

Other
software
£000

15,439
–
(246)
(378)

14,815
–
(15,166)
351

23,141
–
(450)
(166)

22,525
–
–
155

–

22,680

7,137
1,340
215
(215)
(246)
(184)

8,047
747
5,892
(15,166)
480

–

–

6,768

8,888
2,662
85
(85)
(450)
(74)

11,026
2,594
–
–
122

13,742

8,938

11,499

464
–
(461)
(3)

–
–
–
–

–

405
70
–
–
(461)
(14)

–
–
–
–
–

–

–

–

168
–
–
–

168
–
(168)
–

–

118
33
–
–
–
–

151
17
–
(168)
–

–

–

17

Total
£000

45,006
1,849
(1,157)
(587)

45,111
2,027
(15,441)
541

5,794
1,849
–
(40)

7,603
2,027
(107)
35

9,558

32,238

4,583
885
–
–
–
(30)

5,438
1,323
–
(107)
33

21,131
4,990
300
(300)
(1,157)
(302)

24,662
4,681
5,892
(15,441)
635

6,687

20,429

2,871

2,165

11,809

20,449

55 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

16. Property, plant and equipment: vehicles for hire

Group

Cost:
At 1 May 2009 
Additions
Transfer to motor vehicles
Exchange differences
Transfer to inventories

At 1 May 2010 
Additions
Transfer to motor vehicles
Exchange differences
Transfer to inventories

At 30 April 2011

Depreciation:
At 1 May 2009
Charge for the year (as restated)
Exchange differences
Impairment charge (Note 35)
Impairment reversal (Note 35)
Transfer to motor vehicles
Transfer to inventories (as restated)

At 1 May 2010
Charge for the year
Exchange differences
Transfer to motor vehicles
Transfer to inventories

At 30 April 2011

Carrying amount:
At 30 April 2011

At 30 April 2010

£000

1,287,728
309,538
(374)
(15,064)
(420,103)

1,161,725
334,916
(385)
11,315
(353,896)

1,153,675

439,074
236,881
(5,807)
11,000
(11,000)
(109)
(249,857)

420,182
211,622
4,827
(186)
(196,812)

439,633

714,042

741,543

At 30 April 2011, the Group had entered into contractual commitments for the acquisition of vehicles for hire amounting to £33,699,000 
(2010 – £39,650,000).

56 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

17. Other property, plant and equipment

Group

Cost:
At 1 May 2009
Additions
Transfer from vehicles for hire
Exchange differences
Disposals

At 1 May 2010
Additions
Transfer from vehicles for hire
Exchange differences
Transfer to other debtors and prepayments
Disposals

At 30 April 2011

Depreciation:
At 1 May 2009
Charge for the year
Exchange differences
Impairment charge (Note 35)
Impairment reversal (Note 35)
Transfer from vehicles for hire
Disposals

At 1 May 2010
Charge for the year
Impairment charge (Note 35)
Exchange differences
Transfer from vehicles for hire
Disposals

At 30 April 2011

Carrying amount:
At 30 April 2011

At 30 April 2010

Land and buildings by category:
Freehold and long leasehold
Short leasehold

Land &
buildings
£000

88,458
1,716
–
(1,315)
(1,659)

87,200
2,593
–
1,166
–
(3,360)

Plant,
equipment
& fittings
£000

22,884
2,220
–
(318)
(2,020)

22,766
1,418
–
153
(856)
(3,471)

Motor
vehicles
£000

900
410
374
–
(363)

1,321
762
385
–
–
(699)

Total
£000

112,242
4,346
374
(1,633)
(4,042)

111,287
4,773
385
1,319
(856)
(7,530)

87,599

20,010

1,769

109,378

9,059
2,581
(49)
–
–
–
(823)

10,768
1,730
6,868
112
–
(1,142)

13,128
2,388
(121)
300
(300)
–
(1,854)

13,541
2,152
–
71
–
(2,582)

18,336

13,182

138
270
–
–
–
109
(51)

466
363
–
–
186
(463)

552

22,325
5,239
(170)
300
(300)
109
(2,728)

24,775
4,245
6,868
183
186
(4,187)

32,070

69,263

76,432

6,828

9,225

1,217

 77,308

855

86,512

2011
£000

2010
£000

60,647
8,616

69,263

68,891
7,541

76,432

At 30 April 2011, the Group had entered into contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment amounting to 
£123,000 (2010 – £23,000)

57 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

17. Other property, plant and equipment continued

Company

Cost:
At 1 May 2009, 1 May 2010 and 30 April 2011

Depreciation:
At 1 May 2009
Charge for the year

At 1 May 2010
Charge for the year

At 30 April 2011

Carrying amount:
At 30 April 2011

At 30 April 2010

18. Investments

Company

Cost:
At 1 May 2010
Liquidation of subsidiary undertaking

At 30 April 2011

Accumulated provisions:
At 1 May 2010 and 30 April 2011

Carrying amount:
At 30 April 2011

At 30 April 2010

Land &
buildings
£000

3,239

411
62

473
61

534

2,705

2,766

Shares in
subsidiary
undertakings
£000

Loans
to subsidiary
undertaking
£000

Total
£000

103,330
(1)

47,000
–

150,330
(1)

103,329

47,000

150,329

2,435

–

2,435

100,894

47,000

147,894

100,895

47,000

147,895

A full list of the Company’s subsidiaries was included with the Annual Return filed with the Registrar of Companies.

At 30 April 2011, the principal subsidiary undertakings of the Group were as follows, all of which are wholly owned and are registered in 
England and Wales unless otherwise stated:

Fleet Technique Limited*
GPS Body Repairs Limited*
Northgate (CB) Limited*
Northgate España Renting Flexible S.A.* (previously known as Furgonetas de Alquiler S.A., incorporated in Spain) 
Northgate (Europe) Limited
Northgate (Malta) Limited* (incorporated in Malta)
Northgate (MT) Limited* (incorporated in Malta)
Northgate (TM) Limited
Northgate Vehicle Hire Limited

During the year Furgonetas de Alquiler S.A. completed a legal merger with Record Rent a Car S.A. (a subsidiary undertaking incorporated in 
Spain). Subsequently, Record Rent a Car S.A. was liquidated.

*interest held indirectly by the Company

58 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
19. Inventories

Vehicles held for resale
Spare parts and consumables

20. Trade and other receivables

Trade receivables
Amounts due from subsidiary undertakings
Other taxes
Other debtors and prepayments

The average credit period given on trade sales is

  Group

2011
£000

16,095
5,276

21,371

2010
£000

18,406
4,527

22,933

Group

Company

2011
£000

110,915
–
–
13,708

2010
£000

130,070
–
–
12,105

2011
£000

–
901,347
2,142
43

2010
£000

–
958,366
2,163
33

124,623

142,175

903,532

960,562

2011

2010

UK
Spain

42 days
94 days

45 days
109 days

Allowances for estimated irrecoverable amounts and the Group’s credit risk are considered in Note 39.

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other receivables approximates to their fair value due to their short term nature.

21. Trade and other payables

Trade payables
Amounts due to subsidiary undertakings
Social security and other taxes
Accruals and deferred income

Trade payables comprise amounts outstanding for trade purchases.

The average credit period taken on trade purchases is

Group

Company

2011
£000

33,623
–
5,703
28,093

67,419

2010
£000

44,601
–
6,922
35,164 

2011
£000

801
211,518
77
9,300

2010
£000

301
184,588
140
10,986

86,687

221,696

196,015

2011

2010

UK
Spain

49 days
105 days

49 days
121 days

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other payables approximates to their fair value due to their short term nature. 

59 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
   
  
Notes to the accounts continued

22. Borrowings

Borrowings comprise bank loans, loan notes, property loans and other borrowings.

Except as detailed in Note 39, the Directors consider that the carrying amounts of the Group’s borrowings approximate to their fair value.

Bank loans
Loan notes
Other loan
Cumulative Preference shares
Property loans
Debt discounting and confirming facilities

The borrowings are repayable as follows:

On demand or within one year
(shown within current liabilities)
Bank loans
Loan notes
Property loans
Debt discounting and confirming facilities

In the second year
Bank loans
Loan notes
Property loans

In the third to fifth years
Bank loans
Loan notes
Property loans

Due after more than five years
Loan notes
Other loan
Cumulative Preference shares

Group

2011
£000

360,974
161,718
97,506
500
1,952
3,362

2010
£000

473,367
223,324
–
500
3,206
13

Company

2011
£000

338,791
161,718
97,506
500
–
–

2010
£000

473,367
223,324
–
500
–
–

626,012

700,410

598,515

697,191

Group

2011
£000

2010
£000

Company

2011
£000

2010
£000

9,209
–
1,007
3,362

112,309
39,927
1,100
13

13,578

153,349

–
–
–
–

–

112,309
39,927
–
–

152,236

87,236
46,392
710

–
–
1,666

74,262
46,392
–

134,338

1,666

120,654

–
–
–

–

264,529
43,150
235

361,058
89,734
440

264,529
43,150
–

361,058
89,734
–

307,914

451,232

307,679

450,792

72,176
97,506
500

93,663
–
500

72,176
97,506
500

170,182

94,163

170,182

93,663
–
500

94,163

Total borrowings

626,012

700,410

598,515

697,191

Less: Amount due for settlement within one year
(shown within current liabilities)

13,578

153,349

–

152,236

Amount due for settlement after one year

612,434

547,061

598,515

544,955

Bank loans, loan notes and the other loan would become repayable in full in the event of a change in control of the Group.

Bank loans

Bank loans are secured and bear interest at rates of 1.20% to 3.25% (2010 - 0.75% to 3.25%) above the relevant interest rate index, being 
LIBOR for UK Sterling denominated debt and EURIBOR for Euro denominated debt.

60 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

22. Borrowings continued

Loan notes

In 2006 and 2007, the Company issued unsecured loan notes to investors principally based in the United States. The total of the loan notes 
(‘the US Notes’) issued by the Group was US$357,000,000 and £21,000,000. During the year, the Group has repaid $73,463,000 and 
£3,820,000 respectively (2010 - $39,141,000 and £2,302,000). In addition, and in accordance with the terms of the US Notes, make-whole 
notes amounting to $7,530,000 and £456,000 were issued (2010 - $4,981,000 and £297,000), all of which on their issue had a maturity of 
September 2012 and otherwise had the same terms as the related loan notes. During the year, all make-whole notes were repaid in full. The 
US Notes are not publicly tradeable are now secured and have the following maturity profile:

Value of loan notes

$40,755,000 (2010: $55,203,000) 5 year loan notes

Redemption date

November 2012

$90,136,000 (2010: $111,295,000) 7 year loan notes

December 2013

$89,318,000 (2010: $106,843,000) 10 year loan notes

December 2016

£15,631,000 (2010: £18,698,000) 10 year loan notes

December 2016

$36,698,000 (2010: $44,518,000) 10 year loan notes

December 2016

Weighted
average
fixed interest
rate on the
US Notes

7.72%
(2010 – 7.72%)
7.86%
(2010 – 7.86%)
7.99%
(2010 – 7.99%)
7.89%
(2010 – 7.89%)
7.99%
(2010 – 7.99%)

Overall
weighted
average
fixed
interest rate

8.19%
(2010 – 8.15%)
8.99%
(2010 – 8.87%)
8.91%
(2010 – 8.82%)
7.89%
(2010 – 7.89%)
8.89%
(2010 – 8.80%)

$Nil (2010: $4,981,000) make-whole notes

September 2012

(2010 – 7.90%)

(2010 – 8.72%)

£Nil (2010: £297,000) make-whole notes

September 2012

(2010 – 7.89%)

(2010 – 7.89%)

Unamortised finance fees relating to the US Dollar denominated 
loan Notes

Unamortised finance fees relating to the Sterling denominated 
loan Notes

Carrying
value
30 April
2011
£000

24,453

54,082

53,591

15,631

22,018

–

–

Carrying
value
30 April
2010
£000

36,184

72,951

70,034

18,698

29,181

3,265

297

(7,267)

(6,639)

(790)

(647)

161,718

223,324

The redemption of the US Notes and interest payments on the US Notes are due to the loan note holders in the same currency as the issue 
currency of the US Notes. These factors expose the Group to foreign currency exchange risk. As explained in further detail in Note 23, the 
Group has entered into cross currency swap financial instruments in order to mitigate this risk. Both the weighted average fixed interest rate 
on the US Notes and the overall weighted average fixed interest rate (taking into account the interest rates within the cross currency swap 
instruments) are shown in the table above.

Other loan

During the year, the Company entered into an eight year £100,000,000 secured term loan which is repayable in three equal instalments 
in October 2017, April 2018 and April 2019. Interest is payable at 4.25% above LIBOR. The loan is stated net of unamortised finance fees 
incurred in relation to entering into this loan agreement.

Cumulative Preference shares

The cumulative Preference shares of 50p each entitle the holder to receive a cumulative preferential dividend at the rate of 5% on the paid 
up capital and the right to a return of capital at either winding up or a repayment of capital. The cumulative Preference shares do not entitle 
the holders to any further or other participation in the profits or assets of the Company. These shares have no voting rights other than in 
exceptional circumstances.

The total number of authorised cumulative Preference shares of 50p each is 1,300,000 (2010 – 1,300,000), of which 1,000,000 (2010 – 
1,000,000) were allotted and fully paid at the balance sheet date.

Property loans

All property loans relate to land and buildings held in Spain and are accounted for as finance lease obligations. The loans are secured on the 
properties to which they relate.

The average remaining lease term is two years (2010 - two years). At 30 April 2011, the average borrowing rate for property loans was 2.1% 
(2010 – 1.5%). All loans are on a fixed repayment basis and no arrangements have been entered into for contingent rental payments.

61 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

22. Borrowings continued

Amounts payable under property loans:
Within one year
In the second to fifth years inclusive

Less future finance charges

Present value of lease obligations

Less: amount due for settlement within one year
(shown under current liabilities)

Amount due for settlement after one year

Minimum
lease payments

Present value of

minimum lease payments

2011
£000

2010
£000

2011
£000

1,040
975

2,015
(63)

1,952

1,146
2,140

3,286
(80)

3,206

1,007
945

1,952
–

1,952

2010
£000

1,100
2,106

3,206
–

3,206

(1,007)

945

(1,100)

2,106

Debt discounting and confirming facilities

Spanish debt discounting and confirming facilities of £3,362,000 (2010 – £13,000) are unsecured and all fall due within one year. At 30 
April 2011, the amount drawn entirely related to supplier confirming facilities on which the Group pays no interest. It is common practice in 
Spain for businesses to have a bank facility which enables their suppliers to be paid earlier than under normal credit terms. When this is the 
case the supplier pays to Northgate España’s bank a discount fee for early settlement. When invoices fall due for payment, Northgate España 
settles such invoices with its bank. At 30 April 2010, the drawn amount entirely related to debt discounting facilities on which interest was 
chargeable at a range of 0.5% to 1.25% above EURIBOR.

Total borrowing facilities

The Group has various borrowing facilities available to it. The undrawn committed facilities at the balance sheet date, in respect of which all 
conditions precedent had been met at that date, are as follows:

Less than one year
In one year to five years

2011
£000

14,135
113,866

2010
£000

10,444
144,197

128,001

154,641

The total amount permitted to be borrowed by the Company and its subsidiary undertakings in terms of the Articles of Association shall not 
exceed six times the aggregate of the issued share capital of the Company and Group reserves, as defined in those Articles.

Analysis of consolidated net debt

An analysis of movements in the Group’s consolidated net debt is as follows:

Cash at bank and in hand
Bank loans
Loan notes
Other loan
Cumulative Preference shares
Property loans and other borrowings

At 1 May
2010
£000

85,343
(473,367)
(223,324)
–
(500)
(3,219)

Cash flow
£000

11,439
129,067
53,123
(98,756)
–
2,339

(615,067)

97,212

Other
non-cash
changes
£000

–
(11,090)
(6,832)
1,250
–
(3,362)

(20,034)

Foreign
exchange
movements
£000

103
(5,584)
15,315
–
–
(1,072)

At 30 April
2011
£000

96,885
(360,974)
(161,718)
(97,506)
(500)
(5,314)

8,762

(529,127)

The Group calculates gearing to be net borrowings as a percentage of shareholders’ funds less goodwill and the net book value of intangible 
assets, where net borrowings comprise borrowings less cash at bank. At 30 April 2011, the gearing of the Group amounted to 163.1% 
(2010 – 218.8%) where net borrowings are £529,127,000 (2010 – £615,067,000) and shareholders’ funds less goodwill and the net book 
value of intangible assets are £324,361,000 (2010 – £281,068,000).

62 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
22. Borrowings continued

Financial instruments (see also Note 39)

Financial assets
The Group’s principal financial assets are bank balances and cash, and trade and other receivables.

The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables. The amounts presented in the balance sheet are net of allowances for 
doubtful receivables. An allowance for impairment is made where there is an identified loss event which, based on previous experience, is 
evidence of a reduction in the recoverability of the cash flows.

The credit risk on liquid funds and derivative financial instruments is limited because the counterparties are banks with high credit-ratings 
assigned by international credit-rating agencies.

The Group has no significant concentration of credit risk, with exposure spread over a large number of counterparties and customers. The 
credit risk associated with trade receivables in Spain is more concentrated in larger customers than the UK and, consequently, as in the UK 
the Group has a credit insurance policy in place to mitigate this risk.

Treasury policies and the management of risk
The function of Group Treasury is to mitigate financial risk, to ensure sufficient liquidity is available to meet foreseeable requirements, to 
secure finance at minimum cost and to invest cash assets securely and profitably. Treasury operations manage the Group’s funding, liquidity 
and exposure to interest rate risks within a framework of policies and guidelines authorised by the Board of Directors.

The Group uses derivative financial instruments for risk management purposes only. Consistent with Group policy, Group Treasury does not 
engage in speculative activity and it is policy to avoid using more complex financial instruments. Further details regarding derivative financial 
instruments are shown in Note 23.

The policy followed in managing credit risk permits only minimal exposures, with banks and other institutions meeting required standards 
as assessed normally by reference to major credit agencies. Deals are authorised only with banks with which dealing mandates have been 
agreed and which maintain a Double A rating. Individual aggregate credit exposures are limited accordingly.

Financing and interest rate risk
The Group’s policy is to finance operating subsidiary undertakings by a combination of retained earnings, loan notes, other loans and bank 
borrowings, including medium term bank loans.

Cash at bank and on deposit yield interest based principally on interest rate indices applicable to periods of less than three months, those 
indices being LIBOR for Sterling denominated cash and EURIBOR for Euro denominated cash. The Group’s exposure to interest rate 
fluctuations on its borrowings and deposits is managed through the use of interest rate derivatives as detailed in Note 23. These derivatives 
are also used to manage the Group’s desired mix of fixed and floating rate debt. The policy is to fix or cap a substantial element of the 
interest cost on outstanding debt. At 30 April 2011, 84% (2010 – 71%) of gross borrowings were at fixed or capped rates of interest, 
comprising £100,000,000 and €212,832,000 of interest rate swaps, $256,907,000 of US Dollar/Sterling cross-currency swaps and 
£15,631,000 of Sterling denominated loan notes (2010 – £63,000,000 and €200,000,000 of interest rate swaps, $322,840,000 of US 
Dollar/Sterling cross-currency swaps and forward contracts and £18,995,000 of Sterling denominated loan notes), as detailed in Note 23.

Foreign currency exchange risk
The Group maintains borrowings in the same currency as its cash requirements, with the exception of borrowings maintained in Euro as net 
investment hedges against its Euro denominated investments (Note 23) and with the exception of US Dollar denominated loan notes, as 
explained above.

An analysis of the Group’s borrowings by currency is given below:

Group 

At 30 April 2011
Bank loans
Loan notes
Other loan
Cumulative Preference shares
Property loans
Confirming facilities

Sterling
£000

47,170
14,841
97,506
500
–
–

Euro
£000

US Dollars
£000

Total
£000

313,804
–
–
–
1,952
3,362

–
146,877
–
–
–
–

360,974
161,718
97,506
500
1,952
3,362

160,017

319,118

146,877

626,012

63 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

22. Borrowings continued

Group

At 30 April 2010
Bank loans
Loan notes
Cumulative Preference shares
Property loans
Debt discounting facilities

Sterling
£000

Euro
£000

US Dollars
£000

Total
£000

75,782
18,348
500
–
–

94,630

397,585
–
–
3,206
13

–
204,976
–
–
–

473,367
223,324
500
3,206
13

400,804

204,976

700,410

Net borrowings analysed by currency, taking into account swapped exchange rates for the US loan notes and the proportion of the other 
loan swapped into Euro being retranslated to Sterling at closing exchange rates, are as follows:

Group

At 30 April 2011
Cash at bank and in hand
Bank loans
Loan notes
Other loan
Cumulative Preference shares
Property loans
Confirming facilities

Group

At 30 April 2010
Cash at bank and in hand
Bank loans
Loan notes
Cumulative Preference shares
Property loans
Debt discounting facilities

 Sterling 
 £’000 

 Euro 
 £’000 

 Total 
 £’000 

 45,798 
(47,170)
(138,115)
(13,848)
(500)
–
–

 51,087 
(313,804)
(23,623)
(84,365)
 – 
(1,952)
(3,362)

 96,885 
(360,974)
(161,738)
(98,213)
(500)
(1,952)
(3,362)

(153,835)

(376,019)

(529,854)

 Sterling 
 £’000 

 Euro 
 £’000 

 Total 
 £’000 

 55,064 
(75,782)
(174,832)
(500)
–
–

 30,279 
(397,585)
(31,716)
–
(3,206)
(13)

 85,343 
(473,367)
(206,548)
(500)
(3,206)
(13)

(196,050)

(402,241)

(598,291)

At 30 April 2011, the gearing of the Group reflecting the above fixed swapped exchange rates amounted to 163.4% (2010 – 212.9%) 
where net borrowings are £529,854,000 (2010 – £598,291,000) and shareholders’ funds less goodwill and the net book value of intangible 
assets are £324,361,000 (2010 – £281,068,000).  

23. Derivative financial instruments

The Group’s derivative financial instruments at the balance sheet date comprise interest rate swaps and cross-currency swaps.

Their net estimated fair values are as follows:

Interest rate derivatives
Cross-currency derivatives and Sterling/US Dollar forward contracts

They are represented in the balance sheet as follows:
Non-current derivative financial instrument assets
Current derivative financial instrument assets
Non-current derivative financial instrument liabilities

Group

Company

2011
£000

(5,377)
(152)

(5,529)

2,155
–
(7,684)

(5,529)

2010
£000

(6,893)
12,721

5,828

14,622
–
(8,794)

5,828

2011
£000

(5,377)
3,149

(2,228)

2,155
3,301
(7,684)

(2,228)

2010
£000

(6,893)
12,721

5,828

14,622
–
(8,794)

5,828

64 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

23. Derivative financial instruments continued

Interest rate derivatives

The Group’s exposure to interest fluctuations on its borrowings and deposits is managed through the use of interest rate derivatives. These 
derivatives are also used to manage the Group’s desired mix of fixed and floating rate debt. The policy is to fix or cap a substantial element of 
the interest cost on outstanding debt. The interest rate derivatives to which the Group was party as at 30 April 2011 and 30 April 2010 are 
summarised below:

30 April 2011
Sterling denominated interest rate swaps
Euro denominated interest rate swaps

30 April 2010
Sterling denominated interest rate swaps
Euro denominated interest rate swaps

Total
nominal
values

Weighted
average fixed
contract net pay
rates

Weighted
average
remaining
life

£100,000,000
€212,832,000

4.45%
2.35%

10.0 years
1.4 years

£63,000,000
€200,000,000

2.44%
2.35%

2.4 years
2.4 years

As part of the debt refinancing undertaken by the Group in April 2011 the following interest rate derivative transactions occurred:

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)

(cid:85)

£100,000,000 Sterling interest rate swaps with a weighted average fixed contract pay rate of 3.62% and weighted average maturity of 
10.0 years commenced.

£63,000,000 Sterling interest rate swaps were de-designated from a relationship with the Sterling denominated term loan which was 
repaid in full. On the date of de-designation, these swaps had a weighted average remaining life of 1.4 years and the net amount 
deferred into equity at that date of £610,000 was expensed in the income statement (Note 9). On the same day, £63,000,000 
Sterling interest rate swaps with a weighted average fixed contract receive rate of 1.13% and weighted average maturity of 1.4 years 
commenced.

€87,168,000 Euro interest rate swaps were closed out at a cash cost of £473,000. At that time, these swaps were in a hedging 
relationship with the Euro term loan. The notional amount closed out was the amount of Euro term loan which was repaid and 
cancelled on that date. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average remaining life of 1.4 years and the net amount deferred into 
equity at that date of £473,000 was expensed in the income statement (Note 9)

€152,832,000 of Euro interest rate swaps were entered into. These swaps will commence in September 2012 and will terminate in 
September 2014. The weighted average fixed contract pay rate is 3.12%.

In September 2009, £63,000,000 and €200,000,000 of interest rate swaps, with a weighted average fixed contract pay rate of 2.44% and 
2.35% respectively and weighted average maturity of 3.1 years commenced. In addition, forward starting interest rate swaps amounting 
to €100,000,000 with a weighted average fixed contract pay rate of 2.35% commenced on 30 July 2010. In July 2011, £38,000,000 and 
€60,000,000 of interest rate swaps will mature with weighted average fixed contract pay rate of 2.44% and 2.35% respectively.

All the Group’s interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges and their fair value to the point of either maturity or termination, 
along with changes in fair value in the current year, were deferred in equity. To the extent that the interest rate swaps were not 100% 
effective, a net amount of £Nil (2010 – £Nil) has been credited to the income statement.

The total change in fair values of interest rate derivatives charged to the income statement of £Nil (2010 – £253,000) is shown within finance 
costs (Note 9).

Cross-currency derivatives

Market values have been used to determine fair values of cross-currency derivatives at each balance sheet date.

The estimated fair values are as follows:

Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency swaps
Sterling/US Dollar forward contracts
Euro/Sterling cross-currency swaps

2011
£000

882
–
(1,034)

2010
£000

12,708
161
(148)

(152)

12,721

Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency swaps

The Group has in issue US Dollar denominated loan notes of capital value $256,907,000 (2010 – $322,840,000) which bear fixed rate 
interest in US Dollars. The payment of this interest and the capital repayment of the loan notes at maturity expose the Group to foreign 
exchange risk. To mitigate this risk, the Group has entered into a series of Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency swaps. The effective start dates 
and termination dates of these contracts are the same as the loan notes against which hedging relationships are designated and which are 
shown in Note 22.

65 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
Notes to the accounts continued

23. Derivative financial instruments continued

The Group will have interest cash outflows in Sterling and interest cash inflows in US Dollars over the life of the contracts. On the termination 
date of each of the contracts, the Group will pay a principal amount in Sterling and receive a principal amount in US Dollars. The weighted 
average interest rate that the Group pays in Sterling is 8.83% (2010 – 8.73%).

All the Group’s Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency swaps entered into in September 2009 are designated and are highly effective as cash flow 
hedges and their fair value to the point of either maturity or termination, along with changes in fair value in the current year, are deferred in 
equity. To the extent that the cross-currency swaps were not 100% effective, a net amount of £202,000 (2010 – £Nil) has been credited to 
the income statement (Note 9).

In June 2010, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of $20,584,000 were entered into as a result of a number of prepayments of 
the US Dollar denominated loan notes. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average life of 4.7 years and a weighted average contract 
Sterling receive rate of 7.72%. The positive change in fair value between that date and 30 April 2011 was taken to the income statement.

At the same time, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of $5,433,000 were entered into as a result of the issuance of make-whole 
notes in connection with the US Dollar denominated loan notes. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average life of 2.3 years and a 
weighted average contract Sterling pay rate of 8.09%. The negative change in fair value between that date and 30 April 2011 was taken to 
the income statement.

The total amount charged in the income statement in relation to the change in fair value of Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency swaps was 
£416,000 (2010 – £Nil). 

In April 2011, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of $6,122,000 were closed out at a cash cost of £376,000. At that time, these 
swaps had a weighted average remaining life of 1.4 years and a weighted average contract Sterling pay rate of 8.17%. These cross-currency 
swaps were not in a hedging relationship and therefore this cost was expensed in the income statement (Note 9).

At the same time, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of $9,347,000 were entered into as a result of a number of prepayments of 
the US Dollar denominated loan notes. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average life of 2.3 years and a weighted average contract 
Sterling receive rate of 8.32%.

In September 2009, all cross-currency swaps in existence at that time, were terminated when their fair value was £33,562,000 and was 
applied to reduce borrowings with the respective counterparty banks. The negative change in fair value between 1 May 2009 and this date 
of £31,466,000 was deferred into equity. On the same day, new cross-currency swaps commenced to maintain the Group’s hedging of the 
US Dollar denominated loan notes. The positive change in fair value of £12,708,000 between that date and 30 April 2010 was deferred 
into equity.

The £161,000 fair value of the forward contracts was also deferred to equity at 30 April 2010.

During the year, $29,755,000 of swaps matured.

Euro/Sterling cross-currency swaps

The Group also has Euro/Sterling cross-currency swaps of total notional value €124,635,000 (2010 – €37,765,000). The Group will have 
interest cash inflows in Sterling and interest cash outflows in Euro over the life of the contract. On the termination date of the contract, the 
Group will pay a principal amount in Euro and receive a principal amount in Sterling. The interest rate that the Group pays in Euro is 8.19% 
(2010 – 8.15%).

In June 2010, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of €2,915,000 commenced. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average 
life of 2.2 years and a weighted average contract Euro receive rate of 7.12%. The positive change in fair value between that date and 30 
April 2011 was deferred into equity.

At the same time, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of €502,000 commenced. At that time, these swaps had a weighted 
average life of 2.3 years and a weighted average contract Euro pay rate of 7.53%. The negative change in fair value between that date and 
30 April 2011 was deferred into equity.

In April 2011, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of €97,011,000 commenced. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average 
life of 3.4 years and a weighted average contract Euro pay rate of 8.23%. The negative change in fair value between that date and 30 April 
2011 was deferred into equity.

In April 2011, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of €575,000 were closed out at a cash cost of £47,000. At that time, these 
swaps had a weighted average remaining life of 1.5 years and a weighted average contract Euro pay rate of 7.60%. This cost was expensed 
in the income statement (Note 9).

At the same time, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of €3,602,000 commenced. At that time, these swaps had a weighted 
average life of 1.6 years and a weighted average contract Euro receive rate of 8.70%.

During the year €3,551,000 of swaps matured.

66 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

23. Derivative financial instruments continued

Gross movement in fair values initially deferred in hedging reserve:
At 30 April 2010
Movement in fair value of hedged instruments

At 30 April 2011

Cumulative amounts recycled to the income statement:
At 30 April 2010
Movement for the year

At 30 April 2011

Cumulative amounts recycled to the currency translation reserve:
At 30 April 2010
Movement for the year

At 30 April 2011

Net fair value deferred in hedging reserve:
At 30 April 2011

At 30 April 2010

Sterling/
US Dollar
£000

46,431
(11,987)

Euro/
Sterling
£000

(8,953)
(886)

34,444

(9,839)

(47,009)
14,930

(32,079)

–
–

–

2,365

(578)

28
(8)

20

8,452
1,211

9,663

(156)

(473)

Amounts recycled to the income statement from the hedging reserve represent the movements on the foreign exchange elements of the 
total fair value of the Sterling/US Dollar swaps. This matches the exchange difference on retranslation of the loan notes at the exchange rate 
prevailing at the balance sheet date, leaving a net impact of £Nil in the income statement. The gross exchange difference on retranslation of 
the loan notes at the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date was a gain of £15,315,000 (2010 - £11,654,000). In addition, the 
amount includes the amortisation of the interest legs of the terminated swaps over their residual life. The amount recycled to the translation 
reserve represents the movement on the foreign exchange elements of the total fair value of the derivative subsequent to the designation of 
the Euro/Sterling swap as a net investment hedge. The net fair value remaining in the hedging reserve represents the fair value of the interest 
rate element of the derivatives (Note 31).

Net investment hedges

The Group manages its exposure to currency fluctuations on retranslation of the balance sheets of those subsidiary undertakings whose 
functional currency is in Euro by maintaining a proportion of its borrowings in the same currency.  In addition, the Group has entered into a 
number of Sterling/Euro cross-currency swaps which are designated as net investment hedges.  The hedging objective is to reduce the risk of 
spot retranslation of the Euro subsidiaries from Euro to Sterling at each reporting date.  Exchange differences arising on the borrowings and 
net investment hedges have been recognised directly within equity along with the exchange differences on retranslation of the net assets of 
the Euro subsidiaries.

Between 1 May 2009 and 11 September 2009, exchange differences on the retranslation of Euro borrowings exceeded the exchange 
differences arising on the retranslation of the balance sheets of the Euro denominated subsidiary undertakings by £252,000. This amount 
was credited to finance costs in the prior year (Note 9). Subsequent to 11 September 2009, exchange differences on the retranslation 
of Euro borrowings were less than the exchange differences arising on the retranslation of the balance sheets of the Euro denominated 
subsidiary undertakings.

Except as stated above, the hedges are considered highly effective in the current and prior year.

Company current derivative financial asset

At 30 April 2011, the Company held Sterling/Euro cross-currency swaps with a subsidiary undertaking which had a fair value of £3,301,000 
(2010 – £Nil) and weighted average remaining life of one year with a weighted average Euro interest receivable of 2.79% and weighted 
average GBP interest payable of 2.23%.

24. Current tax

The current tax creditor of £16,712,000 at 30 April 2011 (2010 – £16,439,000) includes a total amount of £13,997,000 (2010 – 
£13,422,000) that is considered unlikely to give rise to a cash outflow within 12 months of the balance sheet date but is shown in the 
balance sheet as a current liability in order to satisfy the requirements of IAS 1.

The expected cash outflow in respect of corporate tax in the 12 months following the 30 April 2011 balance sheet date is, therefore, £2,715,000.

67 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

25. Deferred tax

The following are the major deferred tax liabilities and assets recognised by the Group and movements thereon during the current and 
prior years:

Group

At 1 May 2009
(Credit) charge to income
Recognition of deferred 
tax assets (Note 10)
Charge (credit) to equity
Exchange differences
Adjustments in respect of 
prior years
Transfer to current tax

At 1 May 2010
Charge (credit) to income

Recognition of deferred

tax assets (Note 10)

(Credit) charge to equity

Exchange differences
Adjustment to UK tax 
rate (credited) charged to 
income
Adjustment to UK tax 
rate (credited) charged to 
equity

Adjustments in respect

of prior years
Transfer to current tax

Accelerated
capital
allowances
£000

(3,604)
(7,768)

(13,023)
–
(31)

(2,422)
17,821

(9,027)
174

–

–

(7)

(8)

–

(157)
8,834

Revaluation
of buildings
£000

1,925
(49)

Share
based
payment
£000

(202)
51

Intangible
assets
£000

6,556
(1,397)

Retirement
benefit
obligations
£000

(130)
(29)

–
–
(12)

–
–

–
–
–

–
–

–
–
(82)

–
–

1,864
(35)

(151)
(1,004)

5,077
(2,737)

–

–

11

–

–

–

–

–

(30)

(97)

83

(139)

–

–
–

–

–
–

–

206
–

–
8
–

–
–

(151)
158

–

(47)

–

–

(3)

–
–

Losses
£000

(9,157)
5,499

(2,433)
–
196

–
–

(5,895)
8,667

(5,928)

–

(161)

–

–

–
–

Other
timing
differences
£000

36,865
5,778

–
(4,110)
(108)

408
(31,359)

7,474
(4,132)

–

1,512

(46)

49

47

Total
£000

32,253
2,085

(15,456)
(4,102)
(37)

(2,014)
(13,538)

(809)
1,091

(5,928)

1,465

(233)

(112)

44

53
(10,400)

102
(1,566)

At 30 April 2011

(191)

1,743

(1,072)

2,377

(43)

(3,317)

(5,443)

(5,946)

Deferred tax is represented in the balance sheet as follows:

At 30 April 2011

Deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax 
assets (liabilities)

At 30 April 2010
Deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax assets 
(liabilities)

304
113

–
1,743

1,072
–

–
2,377

191

(1,743)

1,072

(2,377)

9,287
260

–
1,864

151
–

–
5,077

43
–

43

151
–

3,317
–

5,443
–

10,179
4,233

3,317

5,443

5,946

5,895
–

2,925
10,399

18,409
17,600

9,027

(1,864)

151

(5,077)

151

5,895

(7,474)

809

In the current year, the net charge to equity of £1,559,000 (2010 – £4,110,000 credit), in respect of other timing differences relates to 
derivative financial instruments which has been reflected in the hedging reserve (Note 31).

There are no deferred tax assets not recognised in the balance sheet (2010 – £6,045,000 not recognised in respect of unutilised tax losses of 
£20,150,000). All of the losses previously not recognised related to unused tax losses where recoverability was not considered probable in the 
short term.

Net deferred tax assets of £5,443,000 (2010 – £7,474,000 liabilities) classified as other timing differences relate to movements on fair values 
of interest rate and foreign currency derivatives, other timing differences in relation to tax payable in various tax jurisdictions in which the 
Group operates and other timing differences within the UK.

68 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

25. Deferred tax continued

The following are the major deferred tax liabilities and (assets) recognised by the Company and movements thereon during the current and 
prior years:

Company

At 1 May 2009
Charge (credit) to income
Credit to equity

At 1 May 2010
Credit to income
Charge to equity
Change in UK tax rate charged to income
Change in UK tax rate charged to equity

At 30 April 2011

26. Share capital

Group and Company

Allotted and fully paid:
133,232,518 (2010 – 132,949,433) Ordinary shares of 50p each

Share
based
payment
£000

(202)
51
–

(151)
(1,004)
–
83
–

Other
timing
differences
£000

1,822
(3)
(4,130)

(2,311)
–
1,409
6
58

Total
£000

1,620
48
(4,130)

(2,462)
(1,004)
1,409
89
58

(1,072)

(838)

(1,910)

2011
£000

2010
£000

66,616

66,475

The Company has one class of Ordinary share which carries no right to fixed income. In January 2011, 283,085 50p Ordinary shares were 
issued in connection the All Employee Share Scheme for a cash consideration of £380,000.

27. Share premium account 

Group and Company

At 1 May
Premium on Ordinary shares issued
Share issue expenses

At 30 April

2011
£000

113,269
239
–

2010
£000

67,972
51,988
(6,691)

113,508

113,269

In the prior year, share issue expenses comprised underwriting and other fees directly attributable to the placing and rights issue.

28. Revaluation reserve

At 1 May 2009
Foreign exchange differences

At 1 May 2010
Foreign exchange differences

At 30 April 2011

29. Own shares reserve

At 1 May 2009
Purchase of own shares
Transfer of shares on vesting of share options

At 1 May 2010
Purchase of own shares
Transfer of shares on vesting of share options

At 30 April 2011

Group
£000

1,365
(35)

1,330
33

1,363

Group
£000

(2,302)
(674)
2,085

(891)
(1,676)
937

(1,630)

Company
£000

1,371
–

1,371
–

1,371

Company
£000

–
–
–

–
–
–

–

69 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

29. Own shares reserve continued

The own shares reserve represents shares held by employee trusts in order to meet commitments under the Group’s various share schemes 
(Note 37). At 30 April 2011 the Guernsey Trust held 478,758 (2010 – 78,001) 50p ordinary shares and the Capita Trust held 38,964 (2010 – 
21,096) 50p ordinary shares.

The results of the trusts are consolidated into the results of the Group in accordance with SIC 12 (Consolidation – Special Purpose Entities).

The total value paid for the shares held at 30 April 2011 is £1,872,000 (2010 – £1,823,000).

30. Merger reserve

At 1 May 2010 and 30 April 2011

31. Hedging reserve

At 1 May 2009
Movement in fair value of hedged interest rate derivatives
Movement in fair value of hedged foreign currency derivatives
Deferred tax on fair value of interest rate and foreign currency derivatives
Amortisation of terminated interest rate derivatives (below)
Transfer to income statement
Transfer to translation reserve (Note 32)

At 1 May 2010
Movement in fair value of hedged interest rate derivatives
Movement in fair value of hedged foreign currency derivatives
Deferred tax on fair value of interest rate and foreign currency derivatives
Amortisation of terminated interest rate derivatives (below)
Transfer to income statement
De-designation of GBP interest rate swaps
Transfer to translation reserve (Note 32)

Group
£000

67,463

Company
£000

63,159

Group
£000

4,851
(6,893)
(17,575)
4,110
(405)
11,161
(969)

(5,720)
1,516
(12,873)
(1,559)
(608)
15,530
610
1,211

Company
£000

5,254
(6,893)
(18,597)
4,130
(400)
11,128
–

(5,378)
1,516
(11,987)
(1,467)
(600)
15,530
610
–

At 30 April 2011

(1,893)

(1,776)

The hedging reserve represents the cumulative amounts of changes in fair values of hedged interest rate and foreign currency derivatives 
that are deferred in equity, as explained in Note 2 and Note 23, less amounts transferred to the income statement and other components 
of equity.

In the prior year, certain US Dollar/Sterling cross-currency swaps were terminated. Prior to their termination, these instruments were 
all designated in cash flow hedging relationships. In accordance with the provisions of IAS 39 (Financial Instruments: Recognition and 
Measurement) in respect of early termination of cash flow hedges, this value remained deferred in equity to be amortised to the income 
statement over the remaining life of the originally designated cash flow hedge. An amount of £600,000 (2010 – £400,000) was credited to 
the income statement in this regard, recognised within finance costs.

70 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
32. Translation reserve

At 1 May 2009
Foreign exchange differences on retranslation of net assets of subsidiary undertakings
Net foreign exchange differences on long term borrowings held as hedges
Foreign exchange element of fair value movement of hedged derivatives transferred
from hedging reserve (Note 31)

At 1 May 2010
Foreign exchange differences on retranslation of net assets of subsidiary undertakings
Net foreign exchange differences on long term borrowings held as hedges
Foreign exchange element of fair value movement of hedged derivatives transferred
from hedging reserve (Note 31)

At 30 April 2011

Group
£000

(5,656)
(3,929)
2,960

969

(5,656)
4,645
(2,516)

(1,211)

(4,738)

Company
£000

–
–
–

–

–
–
–

–

–

The translation reserve represents the aggregate of the cumulative exchange differences arising from the retranslation of the balance sheets 
of the Euro based subsidiary undertakings and the cumulative exchange differences arising from long term borrowings held as hedges and 
the foreign exchange element of fair value movements of hedged derivatives.

The management of the Group’s foreign exchange translation risks is detailed in Note 23.

33. Capital redemption reserve

At 1 May 2009, 1 May 2010 and 30 April 2011

34. Retained earnings

At 1 May 2009
Profit (loss) for the year
Share options exercised
Share options fair value charge
Defined benefit pension charge recognised directly in equity
Net deferred tax charge recognised directly in equity

At 1 May 2010
Profit (loss) for the year
Share options exercised
Share options fair value charge
Defined benefit pension charge recognised directly in equity
Net deferred tax credit recognised directly in equity

Group
£000

40

Company
£000

40

Group
£000

45,499
24,356
(1,984)
1,154
(221)
(8)

68,796
29,393
(937)
1,897
(169)
50

Company
£000

38,072
(13,118)
–
1,154
–
–

26,108
(18,384)
–
1,897
–
–

At 30 April 2011

99,030

9,621

71 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
  
Notes to the accounts continued

35. Exceptional items

During the year, the Group recognised exceptional items in the income statement made up as follows:

Restructuring costs
Impairment of Spanish property assets
Net property losses

Exceptional administrative expenses

Impairment of Spanish intangible assets

Exceptional impairment of intangible assets

Financing fees written off on extinguishment of debt
De-designation of Sterling interest rate swaps
Termination of Euro interest rate swaps
Termination of cross-currency swaps
Covenant deferral fees
Make-whole premium on US loan notes
Write off of unamortised fees relating to bilateral debt facilities
Other financing fees

Exceptional finance costs

Total pre-tax exceptional items

Tax credit on exceptional items
Net recognition of deferred tax assets (Note 10)
Exceptional tax credit relating to prior year items

Exceptional tax credit

Restructuring costs

2011
£000

5,583
6,868
48

12,499

5,892

5,892

2,728
610
473
423
–
–
–
–

4,234

22,625

(6,653)
(5,928)
(4,237)

2010
£000

6,324
–
396

6,720

–

–

–
–
–
–
2,199
8,842
3,751
424

15,216

21,936

(6,142)
(15,456)
–

(16,818)

(21,598) 

During the year, the Group incurred total exceptional restructuring costs of £5,583,000 (2010 – £6,324,000), of which £3,011,000 (2010 – 
£6,065,000) arose in the United Kingdom and £2,572,000 (2010 – £259,000) in Spain.

Impairment of Spanish property assets

As part of the restructuring process in Spain, certain properties have been vacated. These properties have been written down to their 
recoverable amount, incurring a charge of £6,868,000 (2010 – £Nil).

Net property losses

Net property losses were £48,000 (2010 – £396,000), of which £54,000 losses (2010 – £782,000 losses) arose in the United Kingdom and 
£6,000 profit (2010 – £386,000 profit) arose in Spain.

Impairment of Spanish intangible assets

As part of the restructuring process in Spain, the two trading brands, Fualsa and Record, were merged under the Northgate brand. This 
resulted in a write down of intangible brand names that had been created on acquisition of the Spanish businesses of £5,892,000 (2010 – 
£Nil).

Financing fees written off on extinguishment of debt

Details relating to the refinancing of the Group, which was completed during April 2011, are set out in the Financial Review on pages 14 
to 19. As part of this refinancing, a new eight year term loan facility was provided by M&G UK Companies Financing Fund and an element 
of these new funds was used to repay part of the existing bank and loan note borrowings of each lender at the date of the refinancing.  
In accordance with IAS 39, the element of existing bank and loan note borrowings that has been repaid is treated as extinguished.  
Unamortised financing fees of £2,728,000 (2010: £Nil) have been written of in relation to the element of existing debt that was extinguished.

De-designation of Sterling interest rate swaps

As explained in Note 23, in April 2011, £63,000,000 Sterling interest rate swaps were de-designated from a relationship with the Sterling 
denominated term loan which was repaid in full. At that time, the net amount deferred into equity of £610,000 (2010 – £Nil) was expensed 
in the income statement.

72 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

35. Exceptional items continued

Termination of Euro interest rate swaps

As explained in Note 23, in April 2011, €87,168,000 Euro interest rate swaps were closed out at a cash cost of £473,000. At that time, these 
swaps were in a hedging relationship with the Euro term loan. The notional amount closed out was the amount of Euro term loan which was 
repaid and cancelled on that date. The net amount deferred into equity at that date of £473,000 (2010 – £Nil) was expensed in the income 
statement.

Termination of cross-currency swaps

As explained in Note 23, in April 2011, cross-currency swaps with a notional amounts of $6,122,000 and €575,000 were closed out at 
a total cash cost of £423,000 (2010 – £Nil) . These cross currency swaps were not in a hedging relationship and therefore this cost was 
expensed in the income statement.

Covenant deferral fees

In the early part of the prior year, the Group was engaged in renegotiating the terms of certain of its borrowings. As a result, the Group 
incurred fees of £Nil (2010 – £2,199,000) payable to certain lenders to defer testing of covenants at 31 July 2009.

Make-whole premium on US loan notes 

As part of the refinancing of its borrowings in September 2009, the Group incurred fees of £Nil (2010 – £8,842,000) in relation to make-
whole notes issued to the US loan noteholders, which arose from amortisation of the existing notes during the year and in respect of future 
scheduled borrowing amortisations.

Unamortised fees

Unamortised financing fees of £Nil (2010 – £3,751,000) were written off in respect of the borrowing facilities replaced in September 2009.

Other financing fees

Other financing fees of £Nil (2010 – £424,000) were payable relating to the refinancing of borrowings in September 2009.

Impairment of assets

The Group tests its cash generating units (CGUs) annually for impairment, or more frequently if there are indications that assets might be 
impaired. The recoverable amounts of the CGUs are determined from value in use calculations. The key assumptions for the value in use 
calculations are those regarding the discount rates, growth rates and expected changes to selling prices and direct costs during the period. 
The Directors estimate discount rates using pre-tax rates that reflect current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks 
specific to the CGUs. The growth rates are based on industry growth rates forecasts. Changes in selling prices and direct costs are based on 
past practices and expectations of future changes in the market.

In accordance with IAS 36, the impairment of each CGU recorded in 2009 was allocated firstly against goodwill and then to the extent 
that the impairment exceeded the book value of the goodwill, the excess impairment was then allocated against the remaining assets 
of the CGU on a pro-rata basis with the exception of assets already carried at their recoverable amount or otherwise excluded from the 
scope of the Standard.

In addition to the annual test of impairment referred to above, and as required by IAS 36, in the current year there has been an assessment 
as to whether there has been any indication that the impairment loss recognised in an earlier year has decreased or no longer exists. This 
assessment was based on risk-adjusted cash flow forecasts derived from a two year business plan approved by the Directors in April 2011 
using growth rates of 1% to 3% over a 10 year period, including terminal values, using a discount rate of 10% for the UK CGU and 10% 
for the Spanish CGU.

It was concluded that there were no indicators of additional impairment or reversal of impairment previously charged for both the UK CGU 
and Spanish CGU.

In the prior year, an assessment was performed to determine whether there had been any indication that the impairment loss recognised in 
2009 had decreased or no longer existed. This assessment was based on risk-adjusted cash flow forecasts derived from a two year business 
plan approved by the Directors in April 2010 using growth rates of 1% to 4% over a 10 year period, including terminal values, using a 
discount rate of 7% for the UK CGUs and 7% for the Spanish CGUs.

It was concluded that there were no indicators of additional impairment or reversal of impairment previously charged for the UK CGUs. In 
respect of Record Rent a Car S.A. and Alquiservicios LSL S.A., there was an aggregate reversal of £11,600,000 (of which £11,000,000 related 
to vehicles for hire, £300,000 to other intangible assets and £300,000 to other property, plant and equipment). In respect of Furgonetas de 
Alquiler S.A., there was an additional impairment charge of £11,600,000 (of which £11,000,000 related to vehicles for hire, £300,000 to 
other intangible assets and £300,000 to other property, plant and equipment).

73 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

36. Operating lease arrangements

As lessee

Group

Minimum lease payments under operating leases recognised in the income statement for the year

2011
£000

6,172

2010
£000

8,845

At the balance sheet date, the Group had outstanding commitments for future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating 
leases, which fall due as follows:

Group

Within one year
In the second to fifth years inclusive
After five years

2011
£000

4,756
10,434
17,497

32,687

2010
£000

6,128
14,707
25,172

46,007

Operating lease payments represent rentals payable by the Group for certain of its operating sites as well as rentals for certain vehicles.

Leases are negotiated for an average term of 13 years (2010 – 13 years) and rentals are fixed for an average number of seven years 
(2010 – six years).

As lessor

The revenue of the Group is principally generated from the hire of vehicles under operating lease arrangements. There is no minimum 
contracted rental period. The revenue of the Group under these arrangements is as shown in the income statement. There are no contingent 
rentals recognised in income.

37. Share based payments

The Group’s and Company’s various share incentive plans are explained in the Remuneration Report on pages 25 to 29.

The Group and Company recognised total expenses of £1,897,000 (2010 – £1,154,000) related to equity-settled share-based payment 
transactions in the year.

Further details regarding the plans are outlined below. 

Northgate Share Option Scheme 

At 1 May
Forfeited during the year

At 30 April

Exercisable at the end of the year

2011
Number
of share
options

103,890
(91,567)

12,323

12,323

2011
Weighted
average
exercise price
£

21.08
21.31

19.39

19.39

2010
Number
of share
options

181,237
(77,347)

103,890

46,467

2010
Weighted
average
exercise price
£

20.18
18.96

21.08

19.39

No share options were granted or exercised in the current or prior year. The options outstanding at 30 April 2011 have a weighted average 
remaining contractual life of 4.4 years (2010 – 6.4 years).

Executive Incentive Scheme

At 1 May
Lapsed during the year

At 30 April

Exercisable at the end of the year

2011
Number
of share
options

10,492
(6,683)

3,809

3,809

2011
Weighted
average
exercise price
£

9.41
9.34

9.53

9.53

2010
Number
of share
options

122,544
(112,052)

10,492

10,492

2010
Weighted
average
exercise price
£

10.18
10.26

9.41

9.41

74 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
37. Share based payments continued

No share options were granted or exercised in the current or prior year. The options outstanding at 30 April 2011 had a weighted average 
remaining contractual life of 0.2 years (2010 – 1.2 years).

Deferred Annual Bonus Plan

All options granted under this scheme are nil cost options. 

At 1 May
Granted during the year
Exercised during the year
Forfeited during the year

At 30 April

2011
Number of
share options

168,469
433,812
(81,932)
(230)

2010
Number of
share options

220,241
25,396
(74,472)
(2,696)

520,119

168,469

35,955 (2010 – 12,374) options were exercisable at the end of the year.

The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of options in the current year was £2.31 (2010 – £2.28).

The options outstanding at 30 April 2011 had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 3.2 years (2010 – 3.0 years). In the current 
year, options were granted in August 2010. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the options granted on this date was considered to 
be £827,000. In the prior year, options were granted in October 2009. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the options granted on 
this date was £51,000.

The inputs into the Black-Scholes model were as follows:
Weighted average share price 
Weighted average exercise price
Expected volatility
Expected life
Risk free rate
Expected dividends

2011

2010

£1.83
£Nil
136.8%
3 years
2.0%
0.0%

£2.78
£Nil
133.1%
3 years
2.7%
10.7%

Expected volatility was determined by calculating the historical volatility of the Group’s share price over the previous three years.

All Employee Share Scheme

The scheme has a 12 month accumulation period. Partnership shares are purchased by the employee at the end of the accumulation period 
from the amount contributed by the employee during that period. The Company allocates an amount of free matching shares equivalent to 
the number of partnership shares purchased. The vesting period for matching shares is three years.

Matching shares are forfeited if the employee either sells the related partnership shares or leaves the Group before the three years have 
elapsed.

Details of matching shares which had not vested at 30 April were as follows:

At 1 May
Allocated during the year
Forfeited during the year
Vested during the year

At 30 April

2011

Number of

shares

590,776
172,767
(64,690)
(72,904)

2010

Number of

shares

447,333
346,584
(114,611)
(88,530)

625,949

590,776

The share price at the date of vesting for matching shares during the year was £2.98 (2010 – £2.26). The non-vested matching shares 
outstanding at 30 April 2011 had a weighted average remaining period until vesting of 1.6 years (2010 – 1.9 years). In the current year, 
matching shares were allocated in January 2011. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the matching shares allocated on this date 
was £502,000. In the prior year, matching shares were allocated in January 2010. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the matching 
shares allocated on this date was £750,000.

75 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
Notes to the accounts continued

37. Share based payments continued

The inputs into the Black-Scholes model are as follows:
Weighted average share price
Weighted average vesting price
Expected volatility
Expected life
Risk free rate
Expected dividends

2011

2010

£2.91
£Nil
136.8%
5 years
2.3%
0.0%

£2.17
£Nil
134.7%
5 years
2.9%
0.0%

Expected volatility was determined by calculating the historical volatility of the Group’s share price over the previous three years.

Management Performance Share Plan

All options granted under this scheme are nil cost options.

Details of the share options outstanding during the year are as follows:

At 1 May
Granted during the year
Exercised during the year
Forfeited during the year

At 30 April

2011
Number of
share
options

1,057,562
604,664
(80,107)
(296,260)

2010
Number of
share
options

352,961
872,638
(22,705)
(145,332)

1,285,859

1,057,562

No options were exercisable at the end of either year. The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of options in the current year 
was £2.31 (2010 – £2.28).

The options outstanding at 30 April 2011 had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 1.7 years (2010 – 2.2 years). In the 
current year, share options were granted in July 2010. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the options granted on this date was 
£1,105,000. In the prior year, share options were granted in October 2009. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the options granted 
on this date was £1,379,000.

The inputs into the Black-Scholes model were as follows:
Weighted average share price
Weighted average exercise price
Expected volatility
Expected life
Risk free rate
Expected dividends

2011

2010

£1.83
£Nil
136.8%
3 years
2.0%
0.0%

£2.78
£Nil
133.1%
3 years
2.7%
10.7%

Expected volatility was determined by calculating the historical volatility of the Group’s share price over the previous three years.

Executive Performance Share Plan

All options granted under this scheme are nil cost options.

Details of the share options outstanding during the year are as follows:

At 1 May
Granted during the year
Lapsed during the year

At 30 April

2011
Number of
share
options

532,173
302,593
(351,908)

2010
Number of
share
options

363,506
330,952
(162,285)

482,858

532,173

76 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
37. Share based payments continued

No options were exercisable at the end of either year.

The options outstanding at 30 April 2011 had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 1.8 years (2010 – 2.5 years). In the current 
year, share options were granted in July 2010. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the options granted on this date was £553,000. 
In the prior year, share options were granted in October 2009. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the options granted on this date 
was £666,000.

The inputs into the Black-Scholes model were as follows:
Weighted average share price
Weighted average exercise price
Expected volatility
Expected life
Risk free rate
Expected dividends

2011

2010

£1.83
£Nil
136.8%
3 years
2.0%
0.0%

£2.78
£Nil
133.1%
3 years
2.7%
10.7%

Expected volatility was determined by calculating the historical volatility of the Group’s share price over the previous three years.

38. Retirement benefit schemes

During the year the Group operated two group personal pension plans and The Willhire Pension Scheme (‘the Scheme’), which includes both 
defined benefit and defined contribution sections. The total operating pension cost to the Group of all these arrangements was £1,425,000 
(2010 – 1,948,000) all of which related to the defined contribution schemes.

The Scheme

The Scheme, which is established under Trust, is financed through separate trustee administered funds managed by independent professional 
fund managers on behalf of the Trustees.

The Scheme is closed to both new members and to future service accrual for existing members.

Contributions to the Scheme are based upon actuarial advice following the most recent actuarial valuation of the fund. The most recent 
actuarial valuation of the Scheme was performed at 6 April 2010 by JLT Pension Capital Strategies.

The present value of the defined benefit obligation, the related current service cost and the past service cost were measured using the 
projected unit credit method and the following principal assumptions set out below.

Discount rate
Inflation rate
Salary increases
Future pension increases
Life expectancy of retirees in current year
Life expectancy of retirees 25 years hence

2011
Valuation
% pa

5.3
3.5
n/a
3.4
23 to 26 years
25 to 28 years

2010
Valuation
% pa

5.5
3.7
n/a
3.6
22 to 25 years
23 to 26 years

The Directors do not consider that the Group is materially sensitive to changes in these key assumptions.

Amounts recognised as costs (income) in respect of the Scheme are as follows:

Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets

Total pension charge

2011
£000

244
(171)

73

2010
£000

229
(125)

104

Actuarial gains and losses have been reported directly in equity, within retained earnings. The cumulative net amount of actuarial gains 
reflected directly in equity since 3 February 2006 is £94,000 (2010 – £263,000).

The actual return on the scheme assets was a gain of £235,000 (2010 – £664,000). There are no reimbursement rights.

77 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

38. Retirement benefit schemes continued

The amount included in the balance sheet arising from the Group’s obligations in respect of its defined retirement benefit scheme is 
as follows:

Present value of defined benefit obligations
Fair value of Scheme assets

Liability recognised in the balance sheet

The net movements in the deficit were as follows:

At 1 May
Pension charge recognised in the income statement
Actuarial losses
Contributions

At 30 April

Movements in the present value of the defined benefit obligations were as follows:

At 1 May
Interest cost
Actuarial losses
Benefits paid

At 30 April

Movements in the fair value of Scheme assets were as follows:

At 1 May
Expected return on Scheme assets
Contributions
Benefits paid
Actuarial gains

At 30 April

2011
£000

(4,832)
4,690

(142)

2011
£000

539
73
169
(639)

142

2011
£000

4,501
244
233
(146)

4,832

2011
£000

3,962
171
639
(146)
64

4,690

2010
£000

(4,501)
3,962

(539)

2010
£000

465
104
221
(251)

539

2010
£000

3,659
229
760
(147)

4,501

2010
£000

3,194
125
251
(147)
539

3,962

The derivation of the overall expected return on assets reflects the actual asset allocation at the measurement date combined with an 
expected return for each asset class. The bond return is based on the prevailing return available on bonds. The return on equities and 
property is based on a number of factors including the income yield at the measurement date, the long term growth prospects for the 
economy in general, the long term relationship between each asset class and the bond returns and the movement in market indices since the 
previous measurement date.

The analysis of the Scheme assets and the expected rate of return at the balance sheet date was as follows:

Equity instruments
Debt instruments
Other

2011
Expected
return
%

5.0
3.0
3.0

2011
Fair value
of assets
£000

1,657
2,782
251

4,690

2010
Expected
return
%

5.0
3.0
3.0

2010
Fair value
of assets
£000

1,559
2,148
255

3,962

78 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

38. Retirement benefit schemes continued

The Scheme assets do not comprise any of the Group’s own financial instruments nor does the Group occupy any property or use any other 
assets held by the Scheme.

During the current year, contributions totalled £639,000 in accordance with latest actuarial advice received. The estimated amount of 
contributions expected to be paid to the Scheme during the year ended 30 April 2012 is £510,000.

The history of experience adjustments for the last five years is as follows:

Funded status:
Present value of defined benefit obligation
Fair value of Scheme assets

Deficit in the Scheme

2011
£000

2010
£000

2009
£000

2008
£000

2007
£000

(4,832)
4,690

(142)

(4,501)
3,962

(539)

(3,659)
3,194

(465)

(4,055)
3,502

(553)

(3,900)
3,345

(555)

Experience adjustments on Scheme obligations:
Amount
Percentage of Scheme obligations (%)

Experience adjustments on Scheme assets:
Amount
Percentage of Scheme assets (%)

35
0.7%

64
1.3%

65
1.4%

(59)
(1.6)%

(185)
(4.6)%

738
18.9%

539
13.6%

(609)
(19.1)%

(176)
(5.0)%

(483)
(14.4)%

39. Financial instruments

The following disclosures and analysis relate to the Group’s financial instruments, as defined by IFRS 7 (Financial Instruments: Disclosures).

Capital risk management

The Group manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Group will be able to continue as going concerns while maximising the return to 
stakeholders through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance. The capital structure of the Group consists of debt, which includes the 
borrowings disclosed in Note 22, cash and cash equivalents and equity attributable to equity holders of the parent, comprising issued share 
capital, reserves and retained earnings as disclosed in Notes 26 to 34.

Foreign currency risk management

The Group undertakes certain transactions denominated in foreign currencies. Hence, exposures to exchange rate fluctuations arise. 
Exchange rate exposures are managed within approved policy parameters as discussed in Notes 22 and 23.

Foreign currency sensitivity analysis

The Group is exposed to movements in the exchange rate between Euro and Sterling and US Dollars and Sterling, where Sterling is the 
functional currency of the Group. As explained in more detail below and in Note 23, identical key terms between US Dollar denominated 
loan note liabilities and Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency derivatives mean that the profit and loss and equity of the Group is not materially 
sensitive to fluctuations in the exchange rate between US Dollars and Sterling.

This means that the material sensitivity of the profit or loss and equity of the Group to exchange rate movements arises due to fluctuations in 
the exchange rate between Euro and Sterling only.

The following tables detail the Group’s sensitivity to a €0.10 (2010 – €0.10) increase and decrease in the Euro/Sterling exchange rate.

A €0.10 (2010 – €0.10) movement in the rate in either direction is management’s assessment of the reasonably possible change in foreign 
exchange rates in the near term. The sensitivity analysis includes only any outstanding foreign currency denominated monetary items and 
adjusts their translation at the period end for a €0.10 (2010 – €0.10) change in foreign currency rates.

2011

Total equity

As stated in
annual report

As would be
stated if
€0.10 increase

As would be
stated if
€0.10 decrease

£000

£000

£000

339,759

336,891

343,190

79 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

39. Financial instruments continued

2010

Total equity

There is no material impact on the income statement in either year.

Sterling/US Dollar Cross-currency derivatives

As stated in
annual report

£000

As would be
stated if
€0.10 increase

As would be
stated if
€0.10 decrease

£000

£000

305,106

304,250

306,564

As explained in Note 23, the Group has Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency derivatives to manage its exposure to foreign exchange movements 
between US Dollars, the denomination of loan note liabilities, and Sterling, the functional currency of the Group. The movement in fair value 
of these derivatives is a function of both the Sterling/US Dollar exchange rate and market interest rates prevailing in the United Kingdom and 
United States.

As a result of the key terms of the cross-currency derivatives and the loan notes, against which a hedging relationship is designated, being 
identical, any gains or losses on foreign exchange included in the fair value of the Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency swaps are transferred to 
the income statement and are exactly offset in the income statement by an equal and opposite amount on retranslation of the US dollar loan 
notes to the closing rate prevailing at the balance sheet date, leaving a net impact of £Nil on the income statement for all Sterling/US Dollar 
exchange rates.

The net impact on the hedging reserve, arising from these particular derivatives, therefore represents only the gain or loss on the interest rate 
element of the fair value of the derivatives, as explained further in Note 23. Consequently, any fluctuation in the rate of the US Dollar has no 
impact on either profit and loss or equity.

Interest rate risk management

The Group is exposed to interest rate risk, as entities within the Group borrow funds at both fixed and floating interest rates. The risk is 
managed by the Group by maintaining an appropriate mix between fixed and floating rate borrowings and by the use of interest rate swap 
and collar contracts. Hedging activities are reviewed regularly to align with interest rate views and defined risk appetite, ensuring optimal 
hedging strategies are applied, by either positioning the balance sheet or protecting interest expense through different interest rate cycles.

The Group’s exposures to interest rates on financial assets and financial liabilities are detailed in the liquidity risk management section of 
this note.

Interest rate sensitivity analysis

The sensitivity analyses below have been determined on the exposure to interest rates for floating rate liabilities and related derivatives. For 
the floating rate liabilities, the analysis is prepared on the basis of both the average liability outstanding over the period and average rate 
applicable for the period. In all instances it is assumed that any derivatives designated in hedging relationships are 100% effective.

A 1.0% (2010 – 1.0%) increase or decrease has been used in the analyses and represents management’s best estimate of a reasonably 
possible change in interest rate in the near term.

2011  

Profit before taxation

Total equity

2010

Profit before taxation

Total equity

As stated in
annual report

As would be
stated if
1.0% increase

As would be
stated if
1.0% decrease

£000

£000

£000

26,540

24,982

28,098

339,759

338,638

340,880

As stated in
annual report

£000

9,615

As would be
stated if
1.0% increase

£000

4,999

As would be
stated if
1.0% decrease

£000

14,231

305,106

301,783

308,429

80 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
39. Financial instruments continued

Interest rate swap contracts

Under interest rate swap contracts, the Group agrees to exchange the difference between fixed and floating rate interest amounts calculated 
on agreed notional principal amounts. Such contracts enable the Group to mitigate the risk of changing interest rates and the cash flow 
exposures on the issued variable rate debt held. The fair value of interest rate swaps at the reporting date is determined by discounting 
the future cash flows using the curves at the reporting date and the credit risk inherent in the contract and is disclosed below. The average 
interest rate is based on the outstanding balances at the end of the financial year.

The following table details the notional principal amounts and remaining terms of interest rate swap contracts outstanding at the 
reporting date:

Outstanding receive floating pay
fixed contracts

Sterling
In the second year
In the third to fifth years inclusive
After five years

Euro
In the second year
In the third to fifth years inclusive

Outstanding pay floating receive 
fixed contracts

Sterling
In the second year

Liquidity risk management

Average contract
fixed interest rate

Notional principal
amount

Fair value

2011

%

2.44%
–
3.62%

2.35%
–

2010

%

2011

£000

–
2.44%
–

63,000
–
100,000

2010

£000

–
63,000
–

–
2.35%

212,832
–

–
174,060

2011

£000

(610)
–
(2,336)

(2,455)
–

2010

£000

–
(1,060)
–

–
(5,833)

1.13%

–

63,000

–

24

–

Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the Board of Directors, which has built an appropriate liquidity risk 
management framework for the management of the Group’s short, medium and long term funding and liquidity requirements. The Group 
manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves, banking facilities and reserve borrowing facilities by continuously monitoring 
forecast and actual cash flows and matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities. Included in Note 22 is a description of 
additional undrawn facilities that the Group has at its disposal to further reduce liquidity risk.

Liquidity and interest risk tables

The following table details the Group’s remaining contractual maturity for its non-derivative financial liabilities. The table has been drawn up 
based on the undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest date on which the Group can be required to pay. The table 
includes both interest and principal cash flows. All interest cash flows and the weighted average effective interest rate have been calculated 
using interest rate conditions prevailing at the balance sheet date.

2011

Non-interest bearing
Fixed interest rate instruments
Variable interest rate instruments

Weighted
average
effective
interest
rate

0.00%
7.89%
4.53%

<1 year
£000

36,985
13,438
30,827

2nd year
£000

–
60,642
107,080

3-5 years
£000

–
72,780
312,470

>5 years
£000

–
82,378
110,989

Total
£000

36,985
229,238
561,366

81,250

167,722

385,250

193,367

827,589

81 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notes to the accounts continued

39. Financial instruments continued

2010

Non-interest bearing
Fixed interest rate instruments
Variable interest rate instruments

Weighted
average
effective
interest
rate

0.00%
7.89%
3.74%

<1 year
£000

44,601
118,573
67,658

230,832

2nd year
£000

–
23,090
9,144

32,234

3-5 years
£000

–
314,429
201,111

>5 years
£000

–
111,570
–

Total
£000

44,601
567,662
277,913

515,540

111,570

890,176

The following table details the Group’s liquidity analysis for its derivative financial instruments. It includes both liabilities and assets to illustrate 
how the cashflows are matched in each period.

The table has been drawn up based on the undiscounted net cash inflows (outflows) on the derivative instruments that settle on a net 
basis and the undiscounted gross cash inflows (outflows) on those derivatives that require gross settlement. When the amount payable or 
receivable is not fixed, the amounts disclosed have been determined by reference to the floating rates applicable at the balance sheet date, 
which have then been used to project future cash flows.

2011

Liabilities
Net settled:
Interest rate swaps
Gross settled:
Cross-currency derivatives

Assets
Gross settled:
Cross-currency derivatives

2010

Liabilities
Net settled:
Interest rate swaps
Gross settled:
Cross-currency derivatives

Assets
Gross settled:
Cross-currency derivatives

<1 year
£000

2nd year
£000

3-5 years
£000

>5 years
£000

Total
£000

4,749

4,935

11,853

11,678

33,215

20,861

24,733

99,271

92,312

237,177

25,610

29,668

111,124

103,990

270,392

18,934

22,795

96,274

91,940

229,943

18,934

22,795

96,274

91,940

229,943

<1 year
£000

2nd year
£000

3-5 years
£000

>5 years
£000

Total
£000

5,829

5,022

1,908

–

12,759

33,844

39,673

15,236

20,258

126,632

128,540

92,975

92,975

268,687

281,446

34,893

34,893

14,885

14,885

131,938

131,938

99,662

99,662

281,378

281,378

Fair value of financial instruments

The Group is required to analyse financial instruments that are measured subsequent to initial recognition at fair value, grouped into Levels 1 
to 3 based on the degree to which fair value is observable:

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

(cid:85)(cid:202)

Level 1 fair value measurements are those derived from quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2 fair value measurements are those derived from inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for 
the asset or liability either directly (i.e. prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices); and

Level 3 fair value measurements are those derived from valuation techniques that include inputs for the asset or liability that are not 
based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).

82 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

39. Financial instruments continued

All the financial instruments below are categorised as Level 2.

The fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities are determined as follows:

(cid:85)(cid:202) Derivative financial instruments are measured at the present value of future cash flows estimated and discounted based on applicable 

yield curves derived from quoted interest rates; and

(cid:85)(cid:202)

The fair value of other non-derivative financial assets and financial liabilities are determined in accordance with generally accepted pricing 
models based on discounted cash flow analysis.

Except as detailed in the following table, the carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded at amortised cost in the 
financial statements approximate their fair values or, in the case of interest rate swaps and cross-currency derivatives, are held at fair value:

Financial liabilities
Loan notes

Credit risk management

Carrying amount

Fair value

2011
£000

2010
£000

2011
£000

2010
£000

161,718

223,324

193,867

255,090

Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Group.

The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables. The trade receivable amounts presented in the balance sheet are net 
of allowances for doubtful receivables. An allowance for impairment is made where there is an identified loss event which, based on previous 
experience, is evidence of a reduction in the recoverability of the cash flows.

Trade receivables
Trade receivables (maximum exposure to credit risk)
Allowance for doubtful receivables

Ageing of trade receivables not impaired
Not overdue
Past due not more than two months
Past due more than two months but not more than four months
Past due more than four months but not more than six months

2011
£000

2010
£000

133,125
(22,210)

147,150
(17,080)

110,915

130,070

2011
£000

2010
£000

93,843
15,155
1,461
456

112,112
14,610
2,688
660

110,915

130,070

Before accepting any new customers, the Group will perform credit analysis on any new customers to assess the credit risk on an individual 
basis. This enables the Group only to deal with creditworthy customers therefore reducing the risk of financial loss from defaults. Of the trade 
receivables balance at the end of the year, approximately £781,000 (2010 – £2,203,000) is due from the Group’s largest customer. There are 
no other customers who represent more than five per cent of the total balance of trade receivables.

The Group has no significant concentration of credit risk as trade receivables consist of a large number of customers, spread across diverse 
industries and geographical areas in the UK and Spain.

Included in the Group’s trade receivables balance are debtors with a carrying amount of £17,072,000 (2010 – £17,958,000) which are past 
due at the reporting date for which the Group has not provided as there has not been a significant change in credit quality and the amounts 
are still considered recoverable.

83 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
Notes to the accounts continued

39. Financial instruments continued

Movement in the allowance for doubtful receivables
At 1 May
Impairment losses recognised
Amounts written off as uncollectible
Impaired losses reversed
Exchange differences

At 30 April

2011
£000

2010
£000

17,080
9,040
(787)
(3,583)
460

22,210

7,949
14,400
(2,663)
(2,335)
(271)

17,080

In determining the recoverability of a trade receivable the Group considers any change in the credit quality of the trade receivable from the 
date credit was initially granted up to the reporting date. The concentration of credit risk is limited due to the customer base being large and 
mainly unrelated. Accordingly, the Directors believe that there is no further credit provision required in excess of the allowance for doubtful 
receivables.

Included in the allowance for doubtful receivables are trade receivables which have been placed under liquidation of £456,000 (2010 – 
£43,000).

Ageing of impaired trade receivables
Not overdue
Past due not more than two months
Past due more than two months but not more than four months
Past due more than four months but not more than six months
Past due more than six months but not more than one year

2011
£000

2010
£000

789
431
4,868
314
15,808

22,210

1,005
387
2,267
463
12,958

17,080

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other receivables approximates their fair value.

Trade receivables (Note 20), cash and cash equivalents and trade payables (Note 21) are shown at amortised cost. All other financial 
instruments are at fair value.

The Company has no trade receivables and no intercompany receivables past due date.

40. Related party transactions

Transactions with subsidiary undertakings

Transactions between the Company and its subsidiary undertakings, which are related parties, are as follows:

Net interest payable
Management charges

2011
£000

(4,682)
–

(4,682)

2010
£000

(2,612)
300

(2,312)

Balances with subsidiary undertakings at the balance sheet date are shown in Notes 20 and 21.

Remuneration of key management personnel

In the current and prior year, the Directors of Northgate plc are determined to be the key management personnel of the Group. There are 
other senior executives in the Group who are able to influence the Company in the achievement of its goals. However, in the opinion of the 
Directors, only the Directors of the Company have significant authority for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the Group.

In respect of the compensation of key management personnel, the short term employee benefits, post-employment (pension) benefits, 
termination benefits and details of share options granted are set out in the audited part of the Remuneration Report on pages 27 to 29. The 
fair value charged to the income statement in respect of equity-settled share-based payment transactions with the Directors is £251,000 
(2010 – £130,000). There are no other long term benefits accruing to key management personnel, other than as set out in the audited part 
of the Remuneration Report.

84 Notes to the accounts 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
  
Five year financial summary

Based on the consolidated accounts for years ended 30 April and adjusted to reflect the effect of subsequent changes in accounting policy.

Income statement 

Revenue: hire of vehicles

537,285

563,698

609,645

578,462

526,465

2011
£000

2010
£000

2009
£000

2008
£000

2007
£000

Profit (loss) from operations

Net finance costs
Profit (loss) before taxation
Taxation

Profit (loss) for the year

Basic earnings (loss) per Ordinary share
Dividends
Dividends per Ordinary share

82,575

71,109

(117,531)

118,206

107,056

(56,035)
26,540
2,853

(61,494)
9,615
14,741

(78,083)
(195,614)
9,912

29,393

24,356

(185,702)

22.1p
–
–

23.1p
–
–

(572.6)p
19,359
25.0p

(38,714)
79,492
(18,158)

61,334

188.6p
18,982
60.9p

(31,688)
75,368
(20,885)

54,483

165.5p
16,949
55.5p

Balance sheet

Assets employed
Non-current assets
Net current assets (liabilities)
Non-current liabilities

Financed by
Share capital
Share premium account
Reserves

 2011
£000

 2010
£000

2009
£000

2008
£000

2007
£000

819,082
145,170
(624,493)

885,124
(6,024)
(573,994)

983,173
172,373
(972,787)

1,209,207
164,221
(974,875)

1,034,896
136,806
(809,271)

339,759

305,106

182,759

398,553

362,431

66,616
113,508
159,635

66,475
113,269
125,362

3,527
67,972
111,260

3,527
67,972
327,054

3,560
67,230
291,641

339,759

305,106

182,759

398,553

362,431

Net asset value per Ordinary share

255p

229p

563p

1,227p

1,107p

85 Five year financial summary 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

  
  
Notice of Annual General Meeting

Notice is hereby given that the one hundred and thirteenth Annual 
General Meeting of Northgate plc (‘the Company‘) will be held at 
Rockliffe Hall Hotel, Hurworth on Tees, County Durham DL2 2DU 
at 11.00a.m. on 13 September 2011 for the purpose of considering 
and, if thought fit, passing the following resolutions of which 
resolutions 1 to 11 and 14 and 15 will be proposed as ordinary 
resolutions and resolutions 12 and 13 will be proposed as special 
resolutions:

 To receive the Directors’ report and audited accounts of the 
Company for the year ended 30 April 2011.

 To receive and approve the Remuneration Report for the 
financial year ended 30 April 2011 set out on pages 25 to 29 of 
the 2011 Annual Report and Accounts.

 To re-appoint Deloitte LLP as auditor of the Company to hold 
office until the conclusion of the next Annual General Meeting.

 To authorise the Audit and Risk Committee to determine the 
remuneration of the auditor.

To re-elect Mr RD Mackenzie as a Director.

To re-elect Mr AJ Allner as a Director.

To re-elect Mr JG Astrand as a Director.

To re-elect Mr THP Brown as a Director.

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

12.   That subject to the passing of Resolution 11 the Board be and it 

is hereby empowered pursuant to s570 of the Companies Act 
2006 to allot equity securities (within the meaning of s560 of 
the said Act) for cash pursuant to the authority conferred by the 
previous resolution as if sub-section (1) of s561 of the said Act 
did not apply to any such allotment provided that this power 
shall be limited:

a. 

 to the allotment of equity securities in connection with a 
rights issue in favour of Ordinary shareholders where the 
equity securities respectively attributable to the interests 
of all Ordinary shareholders are proportionate (as nearly as 
may be) to the respective numbers of Ordinary shares held 
by them; and

b. 

 to the allotment (otherwise than pursuant to sub-
paragraph i. above) of equity securities up to an aggregate 
nominal value of £3,330,000 

 and shall expire on the date of the next annual general meeting 
of the Company after the passing of this resolution save 
that the Company may before such expiry make an offer or 
agreement which would or might require equity securities to 
be allotted after such expiry and the Board may allot equity 
securities in pursuance of such an offer or agreement as if the 
power conferred hereby had not expired.

To re-elect Mr RL Contreras as a Director.

13.   That a general meeting, other than an annual general meeting, 

10. To elect Mr CJR Muir as a Director.

11.   That the Board be and it is hereby generally and unconditionally 
authorised pursuant to s551 of the Companies Act 2006: 

a. 

b. 

 to exercise all powers of the Company to allot shares in 
the Company and to grant rights to subscribe for or to 
convert any security into shares in the Company up to an 
aggregate nominal amount of £22,000,000 provided that 
this authority shall expire on the date of the next annual 
general meeting of the Company after the posting of this 
resolution save that the Company may before such expiry 
make an offer or agreement which would or might require 
shares to be allotted or rights to subscribe for or convert 
securities into shares to be granted after such expiry and 
the Board may allot shares or grant rights to subscribe for 
or convert securities into shares in pursuance of such an 
offer or agreement as if the authority conferred hereby had 
not expired; and further

 to exercise all powers of the Company to allot equity 
securities (within the meaning of s560 of the said Act) 
in connection with a rights issue in favour of Ordinary 
shareholders where the equity securities respectively 
attributable to the interests of all Ordinary shareholders 
are proportionate (as nearly as may be) to the respective 
numbers of Ordinary shares held by them up to a further 
aggregate nominal amount of £22,000,000 provided that 
this authority shall expire on the date of the next annual 
general meeting of the Company after the passing of this 
resolution save that the Company may before such expiry 
make an offer or agreement which would or might require 
equity securities to be allotted after such expiry and the 
Board may allot equity securities in pursuance of such an 
offer or agreement as if the authority conferred hereby had 
not expired.

may be called on not less than 14 clear days’ notice.

14.   That the rules of the Deferred Annual Bonus Plan ('the Plan') 

referred to in the notes and the first Appendix to this notice of 
AGM and produced to this Meeting and, for the purposes of 
identification, initialled by the Chairman, be approved and the 
Directors hereby be authorised to:

a. 

b. 

 make such modifications to the Plan as they may consider 
appropriate to take account of the requirements of HMRC 
and best practice and for the implementation of the Plan 
and to adopt the Plan as so modified and to do all such 
other acts and things as they may consider appropriate to 
operate the Plan; and

 establish further plans based on the Plan but modified to 
take account of local tax, exchange control or securities 
laws in overseas territories, provided that any shares made 
available under such further plans are treated as counting 
against the limits on individual or overall participation in 
the Plan.

15.   That the rules of the Management Performance Share Plan 
(MPSP) referred to in the notes and the second Appendix to 
this notice of AGM and produced to this Meeting and, for 
the purposes of identification, initialled by the Chairman, be 
approved and the Directors hereby be authorised to:

a. 

 make such modifications to the MPSP as they may consider 
appropriate to take account of best practice and for the 
implementation of the MPSP and to adopt the MPSP as so 
modified and to do all such other acts and things as they 
may consider appropriate to operate the MPSP; and

86 Notice of Annual General Meeting 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

 
b. 

 establish further plans based on the MPSP but modified 
to take account of local tax, exchange control or securities 
laws in overseas territories, provided that any shares made 
available under such further plans are treated as counting 
against the limits on individual or overall participation in 
the MPSP.

The Directors of the Company consider that all the proposals set out 
in the above Resolutions are in the best interests of the Company 
and of the shareholders as a whole. They unanimously recommend 
that you vote in favour of them as they intend to do in respect 
of their own beneficial holdings which amount in aggregate to 
345,349 shares representing approximately 0.26% of the issued 
Ordinary share capital of the Company.

29 June 2011
By Order of the Board

D Henderson
Secretary

Registered office:
Norflex House
Allington Way
Darlington
DL1 4DY

NOTES
1.   A member entitled to attend and vote at the Meeting may 

appoint another person(s) (who need not be a member of the 
Company) to exercise all or any of his rights to attend, speak 
and vote at the Meeting. A member can appoint more than one 
proxy in relation to the Meeting, provided that each proxy is 
appointed to exercise the rights attaching to different shares 
held by him.

2.   A proxy form which may be used to make this appointment and give proxy 
instructions accompanies this notice. Details of how to appoint a proxy are 
set out in the notes to the proxy form. As an alternative to completing a hard 
copy proxy form, proxies may be appointed by using the electronic proxy 
appointment service in accordance with the procedures set out in Note 5 
below. CREST members may appoint proxies using the CREST electronic 
proxy appointment service (see Note 6 below). In each case the appointment 
must be received by the Company not less than 48 hours before the time of 
the Meeting.

3.   A copy of this notice has been sent for information only to persons who have 

been nominated by a member to enjoy information rights under section 146 of 
the Companies Act 2006 ('a Nominated Person'). The rights to appoint a proxy 
can not be exercised by a Nominated Person: they can only be exercised by the 
member. However, a Nominated Person may have a right under an agreement 
between him and the member by whom he was nominated to be appointed as 
a proxy for the Meeting or to have someone else so appointed. If a Nominated 
Person does not have such a right or does not wish to exercise it, he may have 
a right under such an agreement to give instructions to the member as to the 
exercise of voting rights.

4.   To be entitled to attend and vote, whether in person or by proxy, at the 
Meeting, members must be registered in the register of members of the 
Company 48 hours before the time of the Meeting (or, if the Meeting is 
adjourned, 48 hours before the adjourned Meeting). Changes to entries on the 
register after this time shall be disregarded in determining the rights of persons 
to attend or vote (and the number of votes they may cast) at the Meeting or 
adjourned meeting.

5.   Shareholders wishing to appoint a proxy online should visit www.

capitashareportal.com and follow the instructions on screen. (If you have not 
already registered with The Share Portal you will need to identify yourself with 
your personal Investor Code (see Attendance Card)). To be valid your proxy 
appointment(s) and instructions should reach Capita Registrars no later than 48 
hours before the time set for the Meeting.

6.   CREST members who wish to appoint a proxy or proxies by utilising the CREST 
electronic proxy appointment service may do so by utilising the procedures 
described in the CREST Manual on the Euroclear website (www.euroclear.com/
CREST). CREST Personal Members or other CREST sponsored members, and 
those CREST members who have appointed a voting service provider(s), should 
refer to their CREST sponsor or voting service provider(s), who will be able to 
take the appropriate action on their behalf. In order for a proxy appointment 
made by means of CREST to be valid, the appropriate CREST message ('a 

CREST Proxy Instruction') must be properly authenticated in accordance with 
Euroclear UK & Ireland Limited’s (EUI) specifications and must contain the 
information required for such instructions, as described in the CREST Manual. 
The message regardless of whether it constitutes the appointment of a proxy or 
an amendment to the instruction given to a previously appointed proxy must, 
in order to be valid, be transmitted so as to be received by the issuer’s agent (ID 
RA10) by the latest time(s) for receipt of proxy appointments specified in the 
notice of meeting. For this purpose, the time of receipt will be taken to be the 
time (as determined by the timestamp applied to the message by the CREST 
Applications Host) from which the issuer’s agent is able to retrieve the message 
by enquiry to CREST in the manner prescribed by CREST. The Company may 
treat as invalid a CREST Proxy Instruction in the circumstances set out in 
regulation 35(5)(a) of the Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001.

7.   A member of the Company which is a corporation may authorize a person 

or persons to act as its representative(s) at the AGM. In accordance with the 
provisions of the Companies Act 2006, each such representative may exercise 
(on behalf of the corporation) the same powers as the corporation could 
exercise if it were an individual member of the Company, provided that they do 
not do so in relation to the same shares. It is no longer necessary to nominate a 
designated corporate representative.

8.   Members satisfying the thresholds in section 527 of the Companies Act 2006 
can require the Company to publish a statement on its website setting out 
any matter relating to (a) the audit of the Company’s accounts (including the 
auditor’s report and the conduct of the audit) that are to be laid before the 
Meeting; or (b) any circumstances connected with an auditor of the Company 
ceasing to hold office since the last Annual General Meeting, that the members 
propose to raise at the Meeting. The Company cannot require the members 
requesting the publication to pay its expenses. Any statement placed on the 
website must also be sent to the Company’s auditors no later than the time 
it makes its statement available on the website. The business which may be 
dealt with at the Meeting includes any statement that the Company has been 
required to publish on its website.

9.   The Company must cause to be answered at the Meeting any question 

relating to the business being dealt with at the Meeting which is put by a 
member attending the Meeting, except in certain circumstances, including 
if it would interfere unduly with the preparation for the Meeting or if it is 
undesirable in the interests of the Company or the good order of the Meeting 
that the question be answered or if to do so would involve the disclosure of 
confidential information.

10.  As at 22 June 2011 (being the latest practicable date prior to the publication 
of this notice), the Company’s issued share capital consists of 133,232,518 
Ordinary shares of 50 pence each, carrying one vote each and 1,000,000 
preference shares of 50 pence each, which do not carry any rights to vote 
on the above resolutions. Therefore the total voting rights in the Company 
are 133,232,518.

11.  The contents of this notice of meeting, details of the total number of shares in 
respect of which members are entitled to exercise voting rights at the Meeting, 
the total voting rights that members are entitled to exercise at the Meeting and, 
if applicable, any members’ statements, members’ resolutions or members’ 
matters of business received by the Company after the date of this notice will 
be available on the Company’s website: www.northgateplc.com.
12.  A copy of the draft rules of the Deferred Annual Bonus Plan and the 

Management Performance Share Plan will be available for inspection at the 
Company’s registered offices and at Hewitt New Bridge Street, 11 Devonshire 
Square, London, EC2M 4YR, during normal business hours on any weekday 
(Saturdays, Sundays and English public holidays excepted) until the close of the 
Annual General Meeting and at the place of the Annual General Meeting for at 
least 15 minutes prior to and during the Annual General Meeting. 

13.  You may not use any electronic address provided in this notice of meeting 
to communicate with the Company for any purposes other than those 
expressly stated.

14.  Under sections 338 and 338A of the 2006 Act, members meeting the threshold 
requirements in those sections have the right to require the Company (i) to give, 
to members of the Company entitled to receive notice of the Meeting, notice 
of a resolution which those members intend to move (and which may properly 
be moved) at the Meeting; and/or (ii) to include in the business to be dealt 
with at the Meeting any matter (other than a proposed resolution) which may 
properly be included in the business at the Meeting. A resolution may properly 
be moved, or a matter properly included in the business, unless (a) (in the case 
of a resolution only) it would, if passed, be ineffective (whether by reason 
of any inconsistency with any enactment or the Company’s constitution or 
otherwise); (b) it is defamatory of any person; or (c) it is frivolous or vexatious. 
A request made pursuant to this right may be in hard copy or electronic form, 
must identify the resolution of which notice is to be given or the matter to be 
included in the business, must be authenticated by the person(s) making it 
and must be received by the Company not later than 1 August 2011, being 
the date 6 clear weeks before the Meeting, and (in the case of a matter to be 
included in the business only) must be accompanied by a statement setting out 
the grounds for the request.

87 Notice of Annual General Meeting 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notice of Annual General Meeting continued

First Appendix to notice of AGM

Summary of the principal terms of the Deferred 
Annual Bonus Plan

Operation

The Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the 
Company ('the Committee’) will continue to supervise the operation 
of the Deferred Annual Bonus Plan (‘the Plan’).

Eligibility

Any employee (including an executive Director) of the Company and 
its subsidiaries is eligible to participate in the Plan at the discretion of 
the Committee. 

Under current policy, only the Company’s Executive Directors and 
senior and middle management are selected to participate in the 
Plan.

The Plan is used to facilitate the deferral of a portion of annual 
bonus in shares at the discretion of the Committee. 

Grant of deferred awards 

To give effect to any deferred share element of bonus, the 
Committee may grant awards (‘Awards’) to acquire Ordinary 
shares in the Company within six weeks following the Company’s 
announcement of its results for any period. The Committee may 
also grant Awards within six weeks of the removal of any regulation 
which had previously prevented the grant of awards or at any 
other time when the Committee considers there are exceptional 
circumstances which justify such grant.

Subject to shareholder approval, the terms of the Plan will provide 
that an Award may not be granted more than 10 years after the Plan 
is approved by shareholders. 

Awards under the Plan are structured as nil cost options. No 
payment is required for the grant of an award. Awards are not 
transferable, except on death. Awards are not pensionable. 

Individual limit

An employee may not receive Awards in any financial year over 
Shares having a market value in excess of 50 per cent of his annual 
base salary in that financial year or such other percentage as the 
Committee may determine from time to time having regard to total 
bonus maximum set by the Committee.

(ii) 

(iii) 

(iv) 

 the business for whom the individual works makes a loss due 
to poor risk management; or

 there has been material misrepresentation regarding the 
Company’s performance; or

 exceptional circumstances exist, such as gross misconduct by 
the individual.

Leaving employment

As a general rule, an Award will lapse upon a participant ceasing 
to hold employment within the Company’s group, unless the 
Committee decides otherwise. However, if a participant ceases to 
be an employee because of his death, ill-health, redundancy or his 
employing company is sold out of the Company’s group, then his 
Award may be exercised within six months from the date of such 
cessation (12 months in the case of death). The Award will lapse if it 
is not exercised within this period. 

Corporate events

In the event of a takeover, scheme of arrangement or winding up of 
the Company all Awards will vest early.

If an offer to roll-over awards is made in the context of a takeover or 
internal re-organisation then Awards will be replaced by equivalent 
new awards over shares in a new holding company unless the 
Committee decides that Awards should vest on the basis which 
would apply in the case of a takeover.

Participants’ rights 

Awards will not confer any shareholder rights until the Awards have 
been exercised and the participants have received their shares. 

Rights attaching to Shares

Any shares allotted when an Award is exercised will rank equally 
with shares then in issue (except for rights arising by reference to a 
record date prior to their allotment). 

Variation of capital

In the event of any increase or variation of the share capital of the 
Company, a capitalisation issue, a reduction in capital, a rights issue, 
a sub-division or consolidation of shares, the payment of a capital 
dividend, a demerger or a similar event involving the Company, the 
Committee may make such adjustments to the number of shares in 
respect of which any Award is subject as it considers appropriate.

Vesting of awards

Overall Plan limits

Awards normally vest three years after grant provided the participant 
is still employed in the Company’s group. Awards are then normally 
exercisable up until the day before the tenth anniversary of grant 
unless they lapse earlier. 

Claw-back

In line with institutional investor guidelines and best practice, a claw-
back provision has been included in the Plan rules. 

In relation to Awards granted on or after 28 April 2010, the 
Committee may decide to claw-back value under an Award from an 
individual if the Award was granted or vests over a higher number of 
shares than would otherwise have been the case because:

(i) 

 in determining the value of the Award the Company relied on 
accounts which were incorrect or required to be restated; or

Subject to shareholder approval, the Plan may operate over new 
issue shares, treasury shares or shares purchased in the market. 

In any 10 calendar year period, the Company may not issue (or grant 
rights to issue) more than:

(a) 

(b) 

 10 per cent of the issued Ordinary share capital of the Company 
under the Plan and any other employee share plan adopted by 
the Company; and

 5 per cent of the issued Ordinary share capital of the Company 
under the Plan and any other executive share plan adopted by 
the Company.

Treasury shares will count as new issue shares for the purposes 
of these limits unless institutional investors decide that they need 
not count. 

88 Notice of Annual General Meeting 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

HMRC approved schedule to the Plan

HMRC approval is being sought for a schedule to the Plan which, 
if approved by HMRC, will provide for linked tax approved market 
value options to be granted in connection with Awards under 
and subject to the material terms of the Plan for the purposes of 
improving the tax efficiency of the grants in the UK. Any grants 
made under the schedule will not impact on the overall gross value 
of the Awards that may vest under the Plan for a participant. 

Alterations to the Plan

The Committee may, at any time, amend the Plan in any respect, 
provided that, subject to shareholder approval for the Plan, the prior 
approval of shareholders is obtained for any amendments that are 
to the advantage of participants in respect of the rules governing 
eligibility, limits on participation, the overall limits on the issue of 
shares or the transfer of treasury shares, the basis for determining a 
participant’s entitlement to, and the terms of, the shares or cash to 
be acquired and the adjustment of awards. 

The requirement to obtain such prior approval of shareholders 
will not, however, apply to any minor alteration made to benefit 
the administration of the Plan, to take account of a change in 
legislation or to obtain or maintain favourable tax, exchange control 
or regulatory treatment for participants or for any company in the 
Company’s group. 

89 Notice of Annual General Meeting 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Notice of Annual General Meeting continued

Second Appendix to notice of AGM

Claw-back

Summary of the principal terms of the 
Management Performance Share Plan

In line with institutional investor guidelines and best practice, a 
claw-back provision has been included in the MPSP rules. 

Operation

The Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors of the 
Company (‘the Committee’) will continue to supervise the operation 
of the Management Performance Share Plan (MPSP).

Eligibility

Any employee of the Company and its subsidiaries (other than an 
executive Director of the Company) is eligible to participate in the 
Plan at the discretion of the Committee. 

Grant of awards 

The Committee may grant awards (‘Awards’) to acquire Ordinary 
shares in the Company within six weeks following the Company’s 
announcement of its results for any period. The Committee may 
also grant Awards at any other time when the Committee considers 
there are exceptional circumstances which justify the granting 
of Awards. 

The Committee may grant Awards as conditional shares or nil cost 
options. The Committee may also decide to grant cash-based awards 
of an equivalent value to share-based awards or to satisfy share-
based awards in cash, although it does not currently intend to do so. 

Subject to shareholder approval, the terms of the MPSP will provide 
that an Award may not be granted more than 10 years after 
shareholder approval of the MPSP.

No payment is required for the grant of an Award. Awards are not 
transferable, except on death. Awards are not pensionable. 

Individual limit

An employee may not receive Awards in any financial year over 
shares having a market value in excess of 100 per cent of his annual 
base salary in that financial year. In exceptional circumstances, 
such as recruitment or retention, this limit can be increased as the 
Committee decides.  

Performance conditions

The vesting of Awards will be subject to such performance 
conditions (if any) as the Committee determines appropriate. 

Details of the performance conditions that have applied to date 
under the MPSP are set out in the Directors Remuneration Report 
section of the Company’s Report and Accounts.

In relation to Awards granted on or after 28 April 2010, the 
Committee may decide to claw-back value from an individual if the 
Award was granted or vests over a higher number of shares than 
would otherwise have been the case because:

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

(iv) 

 in determining the value of the Award the Company relied on 
accounts which were incorrect or required to be restated; or

 the business for whom the individual works makes a loss due to 
poor risk management; or

 there has been material misrepresentation regarding the 
Company’s performance; or

 exceptional circumstances exist, such as gross misconduct by 
the individual.

Leaving employment

As a general rule, an Award will lapse upon a participant ceasing 
to hold employment within the Company’s group. However, if a 
participant ceases to be an employee because of his death, injury, 
disability, his employing company or the business for which he works 
being sold out of the Company’s group or in other circumstances at 
the discretion of the Committee, then his Award will vest when he 
leaves. The extent to which an Award will vest in these situations will 
depend upon two factors: (i) the extent to which any performance 
conditions have been satisfied by reference to the date of cessation; 
and (ii) the pro-rating of the Award to reflect the reduced period of 
time between its grant and vesting, although the Committee can 
decide not to pro-rate an Award if it regards it as inappropriate to do 
so in the particular circumstances. 

Corporate events

In the event of a takeover or winding up of the Company (not being 
an internal corporate reorganisation) all Awards will vest early subject 
to: (i) the extent that any performance conditions have been satisfied 
at that time; and (ii) the pro-rating of the Awards to reflect the 
reduced period of time between their grant and vesting, although 
the Committee can decide not to pro-rate an Award if it regards it as 
inappropriate to do so in the particular circumstances. 

In the event of an internal corporate reorganisation Awards will be 
replaced by equivalent new awards over shares in a new holding 
company unless the Committee decides that Awards should vest on 
the basis which would apply in the case of a takeover.

Vesting of Awards

Participants’ rights 

Awards normally vest three years after grant to the extent that any 
applicable performance conditions have been satisfied and provided 
the participant is still employed in the Company’s group. In the case 
of Awards structured as conditional shares the appropriate number 
of vested shares will be released as soon as practicable following the 
vesting of an Award. In the case of Awards structured as options, 
further to vesting, such Awards are then exercisable up until the day 
before the tenth anniversary of grant with the appropriate number 
of vested shares transferred at the time of exercise, unless they 
lapse earlier. 

Awards will not confer any shareholder rights until the Awards 
have vested or the options have been exercised as relevant and the 
participants have received their shares. 

Rights attaching to Shares

Any shares allotted when an Award vests or is exercised will rank 
equally with shares then in issue (except for rights arising by 
reference to a record date prior to their allotment). 

Variation of capital

In the event of any variation of the Company’s share capital or in 
the event of a demerger, payment of a special dividend or similar 
event which materially affects the market price of the shares, the 

90 Notice of Annual General Meeting 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Committee may make such adjustment as it considers appropriate to 
the number of shares subject to an Award. 

Overall MPSP limits

Subject to shareholder approval, the MPSP may operate over new 
issue Shares, treasury Shares or Shares purchased in the market. 

In any 10 calendar year period, the Company may not issue (or grant 
rights to issue) more than:

(a) 

(b) 

 10 per cent of the issued Ordinary share capital of the Company 
under the MPSP and any other employee share plan adopted by 
the Company; and

 5 per cent of the issued Ordinary share capital of the Company 
under the MPSP and any other executive share plan adopted by 
the Company.

Treasury Shares will count as new issue shares for the purposes 
of these limits unless institutional investors decide that they need 
not count. 

Alterations to the MPSP

The Committee may, at any time, amend the MPSP in any respect, 
provided that, subject to shareholder approval of the MPSP, the prior 
approval of shareholders is obtained for any amendments that are 
to the advantage of participants in respect of the rules governing 
eligibility, limits on participation, the overall limits on the issue of 
Shares or the transfer of treasury Shares, the basis for determining a 
participant’s entitlement to, and the terms of, the Shares or cash to 
be acquired and the adjustment of Awards. 

The requirement to obtain such prior approval of shareholders 
will not, however, apply to any minor alteration made to benefit 
the administration of the MPSP, to take account of a change in 
legislation or to obtain or maintain favourable tax, exchange control 
or regulatory treatment for participants or for any company in the 
Company’s group. Shareholder approval will also not be required 
for any amendments to any performance condition applying to 
an Award. 

Overseas Plans

The shareholder resolution to approve the MPSP will allow the Board 
to establish further plans for overseas territories, any such plan to 
be similar to the MPSP, but modified to take account of local tax, 
exchange control or securities laws, provided that any shares made 
available under such further plans are treated as counting against 
the limits on individual and overall participation in the MPSP.

91 Notice of Annual General Meeting 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Shareholder information

Classification

Information concerning day to day movements in the price of the Company’s Ordinary shares is available on Cityline (09068 123456) code 
2722.

The Company’s listing symbol on the London Stock Exchange is NTG.

The Company’s joint corporate brokers are RBS Hoare Govett Limited and Oriel Securities Limited and the Company’s Ordinary shares are 
traded on SETSmm.

Financial calendar

December

Publication of Half Yearly Report

January

March

July

September 

Payment of interim dividend (if applicable)

Publication of Interim Management Statement

Announcement of year end results
Report and accounts posted to shareholders

 Annual General Meeting
Payment of final dividend (if applicable)
Publication of Interim Management Statement

Secretary and registered office

D Henderson FCIS
Norflex House
Allington Way
Darlington
DL1 4DY

Tel: 01325 467558

The Group’s website address is www.northgateplc.com

Registrars

Capita Registrars
Shareholder Adminstration Support
34 Beckenham Road
Beckenham
Kent
BR3 9ZA

Tel: 0871 6640300 (calls cost 10p per minute plus network extras)
Overseas: (+44) 208 6393399

92 Shareholder information 
92 Shareholder information 

Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011
Northgate plc annual report and accounts 2011

Northgate plc
Norflex House, Allington Way
Darlington DL1 4DY

Telephone
01325 467558

Fax
01325 363204

www.northgateplc.com