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Redde Northgate

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FY2012 Annual Report · Redde Northgate
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Northgate plc 

Norflex House, Allington Way 

Darlington DL1 4DY

Telephone

01325 467558

Fax

01325 363204

Web

northgateplc.com

Northgate plc 
Annual report and accounts 2012

A flexible approach to business

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Contents

Highlights of the year
Chairman’s statement

Review
1 
2 
3  Our business model
4  Our strategy and key performance indicators
6 
10  Operational review
16  Financial review
20  Principal risks and uncertainties
22  Corporate social responsibility
24  Board of Directors

Northgate at a glance

Corporate governance
26  Report of the Directors
28  Remuneration report
33  Report of the audit and risk committee
34  Corporate governance
36   Directors’ responsibilities

Accounts
37 

Independent auditor’s report to the members  
of Northgate plc

38  Consolidated income statement
39  Statements of comprehensive income
40  Balance sheets
41  Cash flow statements
42  Notes to the cash flow statements
43  Statements of changes in equity
44  Notes to the accounts
83  Five year financial summary
84  Notice of annual general meeting
86  Shareholder information

Who we are 

Why choose flexible rental? 

Northgate plc is the leading light 
commercial vehicle hire business  
in both the UK and Spain by fleet 
size and has been operating in  
the sector since 1981. Our core 
business is the hire of vehicles to 
other businesses on a non-contract 
basis, giving customers  
the flexibility to manage their  
vehicle fleet without a long  
term commitment.

Decision 

Flexible 

Contract hire 

Purchase

No capital or contractual  
commitment 

No mileage penalties 

No residual market risk 

Ability to flex vehicle size 

Inclusive of maintenance 

24/7 support 

No early termination costs 

  Available at additional cost

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Highlights of the year

Operational highlights

Financial highlights

•	Underlying	pricing	improvement	 

of 4% in the UK and stable pricing 
in Spain since April 2011

•	Average	utilisation	of	89%	in	the	

UK and 90% in Spain

•	Strong	used	vehicle	markets	in	both	

the UK and Spain

•	Restructuring	of	businesses	in	

the UK and Spain now 
substantially complete

•	Continued	investment	in	the	UK	

infrastructure, improving branches 
to the ‘One Northgate’ standard

•	Introduction	of	the	Van	Monster	 

retail sales brand to Spain

•	Continuing	sector	diversification	 

in Spain 

•	Successful	centralisation	of	

administrative functions across  
the UK, with a newly formed 
Customer Support Centre delivering 
enhanced customer service

2012 

2011 

change

Return on capital employed1 

13.1% 

11.9% 

+1.2%

Underlying profit before taxation (£m)2 

59.7 

53.8 

+10.9%

Profit before taxation (£m) 

46.0 

26.5 

+73.6%

Underlying basic earnings per share3 

31.5p 

29.0p 

+8.6%

Basic earnings per share 

30.4p 

22.1p 

+37.6%

Net debt (£m)4 

Dividend per share 

371.3 

529.9 

-158.6

3.0p 

– 

ROCE1

2012: 13.1%

2011: 11.9%

2010: 8.4%

2009: 5.8%

Gearing5

2012: 105%

2011: 163%

2010: 213%

2009: 571%

UK vehicle fleet

2012: 52,900

2011: 61,200

2010: 60,900

2009: 62,900

Spanish vehicle fleet

2012: 38,400

2011: 43,500

2010: 48,900

2009: 60,400

All footnotes are located on page 19.

1

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Highlights of the year 

 
Chairman’s statement

With the majority of the restructuring 
completed the Group will continue 
its strong disciplines of asset 
management, cash generation and 
cost control whilst at the same time 
maximising profitable growth where 
the appropriate return exists.

operations can focus on 
maximising profitable business 
opportunities going forward.

The balance sheet of the Group 
continues to strengthen with net 
debt4 reducing by £158.6m in 
the year from £529.9m to 
£371.3m. At 30 April 2012 we 
had £276m of headroom6 on 
our committed debt facilities of 
£668m. Net debt to EBITDA7 has 
reduced to 1.3x (2011 – 1.7x) 
and all covenant measures 
improved over the year as a 
result of £138m of underlying 
cash generation8. The Group’s 
profitability and cash generation 
has reduced gearing5 to 105% 
from 571% in 2009. As a result 
we are pleased to announce 
that the Group is returning to 
the payment of a dividend.

Our management teams in the 
UK and Spain have strengthened 
each business and are working 
effectively to maximise 
returns for shareholders and 
realise the objectives of the 
Group’s strategy.

UK

Our operating margin9 increased 
to 23.2% in the year, compared 
to 22.0% in 2011. This increase 
has been achieved through 
actions aimed at improving 
operating efficiency, increasing 
hire rates and the continued 
strength in the residual values of 
used vehicles.

Our previous model of 20 
separate companies was further 
reduced	to	five	regions	in	March	
2012. In addition, the 
implementation of the new IT 
system has enabled the UK to 
establish a centralised Customer 
Support Centre and a Financial 
Shared Services Centre based in 
Darlington. This will provide the 
platform for a consistent and 

Bob Mackenzie
Chairman

I am pleased to report that 
despite a continuing background 
of economic uncertainty in the 
countries in which we operate, 
the Group has maintained its 
market leading position and 
substantially completed the 
restructuring of our UK and 
Spanish operations which 
commenced in summer 2010. 
We now operate under the 
Northgate brand in both the UK 
and Spain and are concentrating 
on increasing the awareness of 
our brand in both countries.

The focus of the Group in the 
year has been to maintain 
industry leading levels of 
utilisation, improve operating 
efficiency to reduce costs and 
concentrate on increasing the 
Return on Capital Employed 
(ROCE). Against all of these 
measures we have performed 
well with ROCE1 increasing to 
13.1% in the year (2011 – 
11.9%).

Our management team has 
done an excellent job in moving 
to one brand, rationalising 
depots and operations, installing 
new IT systems in the UK, 
generating cash and 
strengthening the balance sheet. 
We now have a solid base from 
which both our UK and Spanish 

improved customer service and 
further operational efficiencies 
going forward.

During the year the Commercial 
area of the business was also 
restructured, and a number of 
improvement programmes were 
initiated in the final quarter of 
the financial year, the main 
focus being to increase the skills, 
resource and support within the 
sales team. The success of these 
initiatives is central to the 
objective of returning the 
business to growth at 
appropriate levels of return. 

Spain

As widely publicised the Spanish 
economy continues to be an 
extremely difficult environment 
in which to operate. Despite this 
our operating margin10 increased 
to 19.1% in the year (2011 – 
18.0%) and utilisation was 
maintained above 90%. It is 
testament to the strength and 
commitment of our Spanish 
management team that despite 
hire revenue falling by £20.5m, 
the underlying operating profit 
fall was limited to £1.7m.

Given the dire economic 
situation in Spain, which has 
been exacerbated by the Euro 
crisis, we have continued to 
concentrate on cash generation. 
Over the last four years capital 
employed in Spain has been 
reduced from e829m to e388m 
with net debt falling from 
e556m to e172m.

We have successfully replaced 
the former Fualsa and Record 
brands and now trade as 
Northgate, which is enjoying 
growing brand awareness. Our 
business in Spain has 
implemented a new commercial 
structure which is targeting 
increased new business wins 
across a range of sectors to 
offset declines historically seen 
in its traditional markets, whilst 
maintaining its concentration on 
cash generation.

Employees

The improvements delivered and 
our confidence in the future 
performance of the Group 
would not be possible without 
the people we have working 
with us. The Group has 
experienced two years of 
considerable change and this 
would not have been possible 

without their dedication, hard 
work and loyalty. I would like to 
thank them on behalf of the 
Board.

Dividend

The Group has reduced net 
debt4 by £532m over the past 
four years. In recognition of the 
higher returns within the 
business, the sustained 
improvement in performance 
and our confidence in the long 
term future of the Group, the 
Board recommends the 
re-introduction of a dividend for 
the current financial year of 
3.0p. This would represent a 
cash outflow to the Group of 
£4m and is in respect of the 
full year. 

It is the Board’s intention to 
maintain a sustainable 
dividend policy with the aim of 
increasing returns to 
shareholders over time, whilst 
taking into account both the 
underlying profitability, cash 
generation and cash 
requirements of the Group. 
Going forward we would 
expect to pay one-third of the 
total dividend at the interim 
stage and two-thirds as a 
final dividend.

Current trading and 
outlook

The Group retains its strong, 
market leading position in both 
the UK and Spain. With the 
majority of the restructuring 
completed the Group will 
continue its strong disciplines of 
asset management, cash 
generation and cost control 
whilst at the same time 
maximising profitable growth 
where the appropriate 
return exists.

Whilst this will be challenging in 
the awful economic situation 
Europe finds itself, the Board is 
confident that the dedication 
and hard work shown by all our 
employees over the past two 
years provides the Group with a 
strong platform upon which 
to build.

The Group has begun the new 
financial year in line with the 
Board’s expectations, and the 
Board is confident the Group is 
well placed to deliver significant 
value to shareholders.

Bob Mackenzie 
Chairman

2

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Chairman’s statement 

Our business model

We constantly strive to improve our 
range of services, challenging our 
business model regularly as we seek 
to deliver operational and financial 
benefits throughout the 
buy-manage-sell fleet life cycle.

Manage

Buy

Buy

Our customers can choose from 
the widest range of vehicle makes 
and models available in our sector, 
with the flexibility to switch vehicle 
types as their needs evolve. In 
order to achieve this, we partner 
with a range of manufacturers. 
Pricing is negotiated directly and 
the purchasing mix is managed 
in order to minimise the overall 
holding cost of vehicles to the 
business. The volume of purchases 
is balanced against vehicle sales 
in order to manage fleet age, 
condition and vehicle utilisation to 
an optimal level. 

Manage

With over 30 years experience in 
the fleet management sector, we 
are in the best position to partner 
our customers and complement 
their fleet requirements, whether 
this is by providing a single short 
term hire or a fully outsourced fleet 
management solution.

Vehicle	hire	is	at	the	heart	of	
our business. We offer a fully 
flexible product which allows 
customers to tailor vehicles to 
their exact requirements and 
manage the size and composition 
of their fleet without penalty. Our 

national network of branches 
and workshops in the UK and 
Spain provide 24/7 support with 
replacement vehicles on hand to 
keep customers on the move. We 
offer a range of ancillary services 
which enable customers to enjoy 
operational benefits through 
efficient fleet management, 
with our fully outsourced fleet 
management service providing the 
ultimate solution. 

Internally we aim to deliver the 
very best service levels whilst 
maintaining operating efficiency 
and vehicle utilisation in order 
to maximise return on capital 
employed.

Sell

In order to provide the best possible 
service to our customers we 
maintain a modern fleet. When 
vehicles reach the end of their 
hire lives we aim to minimise their 
overall holding costs through the 
effective use of our retail and trade 
sales channels.

As we are not affiliated to any 
single manufacturer, we offer our 
customers the best available range 
of quality used commercial vehicles 
in the market.

Sell

1 
We offer the widest range of 
vehicles to hire in the market, 
which can be tailored exactly to our 
customers’ requirements.

2 
Our national network of branches 
keeps us close to our customers 
wherever they are working.

3 
Our	‘Van	Monster’	retail	sales	
network offers the biggest range of 
quality used light commercial 
vehicles for sale in the market.

2

3

3

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Our business model 

1
1

Our strategy and key performance indicators

In a challenging trading environment  
the strategy of the Group has 
remained clear: to deliver market 
leading levels of customer service, 
focus on improving operational 
efficiency, and create a resilient and 
sustainable business for the future. 
This strategy, delivered through  
‘One Northgate’ has realised an 
improved return on capital employed 
of 13.1% with further improvements 
targeted going forward.

Asset management

Utilisation was maintained close to our 90% target in the UK and Spain 

The minimum target for both segments is to maintain utilisation  

The overall holding cost of vehicles needs to be minimised and utilisation 
needs to be maintained at a high level in order to maximise return on 
capital employed (ROCE) whilst holding enough vehicles to meet the  
flexible demands of our customers.

Pricing

Underlying hire rates improved by 4% in the UK and remained stable  

Minimum	hire	rate	thresholds	have	been	set	for	new	vehicles	so	that	the	

The hire rate achieved is a key contributor to ROCE. Hire rates need to 
reflect the level of flexibility and service offered to our customers.

Customer service

We have various measures of assessing customer service, with the  

Whilst trading conditions are expected to remain challenging, the 

In order to grow the business our product must deliver the highest 
possible levels of customer service to set us apart from our competitors.

Performance

Target

despite a reduction in vehicles on hire of 7,400 in the UK and 5,400 in 

above 90%. 

A total of 25,200 vehicles were sold in the UK and 16,800 in Spain at 

mix of purchases and improving the quality and volume of vehicles sold 

improved	residual	values.	Vehicle	purchases	were	balanced	against	these	

through higher margin retail sales channels.

The holding cost of vehicles will be minimised through managing the 

disposals to manage the average fleet age to 21.4 months in the UK  

and 21.8 months in Spain at 30 April 2012. 

Spain.

in Spain.

fleet is grown at rates that are beneficial to ROCE. Further improvements 

are targeted through the recovery of other costs incurred.

substantial completion of restructuring in each business provides a stable 

platform for growth going forward. Growth will only be pursued where 

profitable opportunities exist.

overall indicator being the number of vehicles on hire. 

Through the implementation of our ‘One Northgate’ strategy, we have 

made significant progress in the year to raise the level and consistency of 

customer	service	delivered	across	the	Group.	Vehicles	on	hire	have	reduced	

in the year, reflecting the difficult trading environment in the markets in 

which we operate.

Return on capital employed (ROCE)

In a capital intensive business, ROCE is a more important measure of 
performance than profitability alone, as low margin business returns low 
value to shareholders.

ROCE is maximised through a combination of managing utilisation, hire 

Each KPI has been targeted for improvement to contribute to an overall 

rates, vehicle holding costs and improvements in operational efficiency.

increase in ROCE of the Group. Group ROCE is targeted to increase above 

Group ROCE1 for the year increased to 13.1% (2011 – 11.9%).

levels previously achieved.

Earnings per share (EPS)

Basic EPS3 increased to 31.5p from 29.0p in the prior year.

The target is to maximise shareholder value by increasing EPS in the short 

Basic EPS is considered to be a key short term measure of performance.

Earnings3 of £41.9m were 9% higher than in the previous year. 

The weighted average number of shares was 133.2m, 0.2m higher than  

the previous year.

term alongside longer term return on equity.

One Northgate

The objective of One Northgate is 
to provide an industry leading 
service experience that is delivered 
consistently to our customers 
across the UK and Spain. 

Not just a rebrand

The initial phase of One 
Northgate, rebranding our 
previous hire companies in the UK 
and Spain as Northgate has been 
successfully achieved. Whilst this 
has improved awareness of the 
Northgate brand, the key to 
achieving One Northgate is to 
raise expectations of the high 
levels of customer service that 
underpin our name. 

A consistent and high 
level of customer service

An organisation matched 
to the customers’ needs 

The key to One Northgate is 
delivering a consistently high  
level of customer service. All of  
our fleet has to meet a minimum 
‘rentable standard’ and the 
established ‘ready-to-rent’ line 
means that an increased number 
and range of vehicles is available 
to customers at short notice. 

Improvements in workshop  
planning systems, the increased 
availability of mobile technicians, 
and delivery drivers using PDA’s 
have all helped to maximise the 
time that customers’ vehicles  
are on the road, and internally  
have improved the efficiency of  
our operations. 

The re-organisation of the UK and 
Spanish businesses has continued 
to ensure that we are closer to the 
customer and can provide a base 
that will create a resilient and 
sustainable business for the 
future.	From	March	2012	we	
began to operate from five 
regions in the UK, supported by a 
newly formed Customer Support 
Centre and Financial Shared 
Services Centre, which now gives 
us greater focus on our key assets, 
namely our customers, employees 
and our fleet. 

Investing in the future 

A significant investment in the 
network infrastructure began this 
year with the opening of new 
branches in Grantham and 
Cannock, and significant 
refurbishment of eight branches 
across the UK. The new blueprint 
equips workshops with the latest 
technology, and improves 
customer facilities to increase 
efficiency and enhance the 
customer experience. Further 
investment is planned for 2013.

4

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Our strategy and  
key performance indicators

Asset management

The overall holding cost of vehicles needs to be minimised and utilisation 

needs to be maintained at a high level in order to maximise return on 

capital employed (ROCE) whilst holding enough vehicles to meet the  

flexible demands of our customers.

Pricing

The hire rate achieved is a key contributor to ROCE. Hire rates need to 

reflect the level of flexibility and service offered to our customers.

Customer service

In order to grow the business our product must deliver the highest 

possible levels of customer service to set us apart from our competitors.

value to shareholders.

Earnings per share (EPS)

Basic EPS is considered to be a key short term measure of performance.

Performance

Target

Utilisation was maintained close to our 90% target in the UK and Spain 
despite a reduction in vehicles on hire of 7,400 in the UK and 5,400 in 
Spain.

A total of 25,200 vehicles were sold in the UK and 16,800 in Spain at 
improved	residual	values.	Vehicle	purchases	were	balanced	against	these	
disposals to manage the average fleet age to 21.4 months in the UK  
and 21.8 months in Spain at 30 April 2012. 

Underlying hire rates improved by 4% in the UK and remained stable  
in Spain.

We have various measures of assessing customer service, with the  
overall indicator being the number of vehicles on hire. 

Through the implementation of our ‘One Northgate’ strategy, we have 
made significant progress in the year to raise the level and consistency of 
customer	service	delivered	across	the	Group.	Vehicles	on	hire	have	reduced	
in the year, reflecting the difficult trading environment in the markets in 
which we operate.

The minimum target for both segments is to maintain utilisation  
above 90%. 

The holding cost of vehicles will be minimised through managing the 
mix of purchases and improving the quality and volume of vehicles sold 
through higher margin retail sales channels.

Minimum	hire	rate	thresholds	have	been	set	for	new	vehicles	so	that	the	
fleet is grown at rates that are beneficial to ROCE. Further improvements 
are targeted through the recovery of other costs incurred.

Whilst trading conditions are expected to remain challenging, the 
substantial completion of restructuring in each business provides a stable 
platform for growth going forward. Growth will only be pursued where 
profitable opportunities exist.

Return on capital employed (ROCE)

In a capital intensive business, ROCE is a more important measure of 

performance than profitability alone, as low margin business returns low 

ROCE is maximised through a combination of managing utilisation, hire 
rates, vehicle holding costs and improvements in operational efficiency.

Group ROCE1 for the year increased to 13.1% (2011 – 11.9%).

Each KPI has been targeted for improvement to contribute to an overall 
increase in ROCE of the Group. Group ROCE is targeted to increase above 
levels previously achieved.

Basic EPS3 increased to 31.5p from 29.0p in the prior year.

Earnings3 of £41.9m were 9% higher than in the previous year. 
The weighted average number of shares was 133.2m, 0.2m higher than  
the previous year.

The target is to maximise shareholder value by increasing EPS in the short 
term alongside longer term return on equity.

Growing the business

Our product is suited well to the 
current economic climate with 
many businesses facing 
uncertainty and looking for a way  
to operate more efficiently. 
Commercial operations in the UK 
and Spain have been restructured 
to make sure that we are focused  
in the right areas. We know the 
importance of listening; not only  
to make sure that we understand 
our customers’ needs but to  
make sure that we don’t miss any 
opportunity for them to share in 
the benefits that Northgate can 
offer their business.

1 
Our centralised Customer Support 
Centre and Financial Shared 
Service Centre have been 
successfully launched in the year, 
delivering a more consistent and 
efficient service to our customers. 

2 
Investment in our UK workshop 
infrastructure began this year with 
the refurbishment of eight sites. 
Further investment will continue 
into 2013.

3 
Commercial operations have been 
restructured in the UK and Spain 
to provide a platform for growth.

3
3

11

2
2

5

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Our strategy and  
key performance indicators

Northgate at a glance

UK 

Our UK business operates over 
52,000 vehicles from 62 locations, 
servicing over 4,000 customers 
ranging from blue chip corporations 
and public sector organisations to 
small and medium sized enterprises 
and owner operators. We directly 
fleet manage 13,000 vehicles and 
host over 100,000 vehicles on our 
fleet management portal.

Operating profit13

2012: £74.4m

2011: £73.6m

Operating margin9

2012: 23.2%

2011: 22.0%

Number of employees closing

2012: 1,869

2011: 2,073

Closing fleet

2012: 52,900

2011: 61,200

Locations

2012: 62

2011: 62

Fleet mix

Medium	vans	41%
Small vans 34%
Large commercial vehicles 13%
Cars 8%
Buses, 4x4 and other  
specialist vehicles 4%

Vehicle sales 
Number of vehicles

2012: 25,200

2011: 18,900

Vehicle purchases 
Number of vehicles

2012: 16,500

2011: 18,900

Revenue from vehicles sold

2012: £136m

2011: £103m

Investment in new vehicles

2012: £187m

2011: £201m

Locations: 62

Fleet by manufacturer

Ford 37%
Mercedes	20%
Volkswagen	16%
Peugeot 15%
Vauxhall	4%
Others 8%

Customers by fleet size

Corporate fleets (>100) 41%
Small and medium fleets  
(10 – 100) 36%
Micro-fleets	(<10)	23%

6

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Northgate at a glance 

 
  
 
Spain 

Our business in Spain operates over 
38,000 vehicles from 23 locations 
with over 4,000 customers varying 
in size and operating in a range 
of sectors.  Our 900 employees 
work hard to support the widest 
range of commercial vehicle hire 
solutions available across the largest 
geographical branch network in 
Spain. 

Operating profit14

2012: £35.0m

2011: £36.6m

Operating margin10

2012: 19.1%

2011: 18.0%

Number of employees closing

2012: 915

2011: 936

Closing fleet

2012: 38,400

2011: 43,500

Locations

2012: 23

2011: 25

Fleet mix

Small vans 38%
Cars 39%
Large vans 9%
4x4 10%
Large commercial and other 4%

Vehicle sales 
Number of vehicles

2012: 16,800

2011: 19,000

Vehicle purchases 
Number of vehicles

2012: 11,900

2011: 13,400

Revenue from vehicles sold

2012: £67m

2011: £75m

Investment in new vehicles

2012: £118m

2011: £134m

Locations: 23

Fleet by manufacturer
  Citroen 23%
Peugeot 22%
Ford 14%
Opel 11%
Seat 6%
Others 24%

Customers by fleet size
Small and medium fleets  
(10 – 100) 41% 
Corporate fleets (>100) 33%
Micro-fleets	(<10)	26%

7

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Northgate at a glance 

Not shown: two locations in the Canary Islands

  
 
On the road with our customers

Northgate partners over 8,000 
customers in the UK and Spain, 
operating across a range of sectors 
from owner operators to corporate 
customers with fleets of over 500 
vehicles. With such a variety of 
customers, we must deliver a service 
which complements the needs of each 
business. No single day is the same  
for Northgate or any of its partners.

8

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

roadside, a depot is never too 
far away, and with our ‘ready to 
rent’ line, a replacement vehicle 
will always be available to get 
customers back on the road. 

UK  04:12

Whilst the majority of maintenance 
work is scheduled, our team of 
mobile technicians are on call 24/7 
to deal with the unexpected. This 
proves invaluable to Toby Walker, 
one of our customers in Bolton. 
One of our technicians responds to 
his call after he realises that the van 
lights have been on all night, and 
he is back on the road within an 
hour, making it to site on time.

On average we deal with  
1,500 roadside incidents each 
month and have a 83% ‘first time 
fix’ rate, getting customers back 
on the road within 80 minutes. 
For those few instances where 
the vehicle can’t be fixed at the 

99

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Spain where profitable 
opportunities exist. Whilst this 
will not be easy within the 
economic environment in which 
the Group operates, we are 
confident that the Group is well 
positioned, both operationally 
and financially to achieve this. 

The reasons why flexible renting 
provides an attractive business 
proposal for our customers are 
still as relevant as they have 
always been, namely:

•	

•	

	Avoiding the risk of 
operational interruption, 
flexible rental provides a 
business tool that minimises 
the cost of downtime and 
limits exposure if trading 
conditions change either in 
the short, medium or long 
term; and

	Avoiding the capital outlay of 
purchasing assets, coupled 
with the lack of flexibility, 
commitment and risk that 
outright purchase or contract 
hire creates.

Our customers benefit from an 
unrivalled network footprint, 
specialist knowledge, insight 
and fleet management 
capabilities that arise due to the 
Group’s scale and the wealth of 
knowledge that it contains.

Group
The key to the performance 
improvements noted over the 
past two years has been in 
creating a business that does the 
simple things well and has 
optimal operating efficiency. The 
Group has moved away from 
targeting vehicle growth via 
aggressive pricing and is now 
focused on pursuing markets 
and customers where the 
flexible rental offering is right 
for them.

With the ongoing difficulties in 
the economies in which we 
operate the primary focus of the 
Group has been to improve 
returns on capital employed and 
to strengthen the Group’s 
balance sheet.

Over the two years the Group 
has seen progress in the 
following key areas:

•	 Fleet management;

•	 Pricing increases;

•	 Cost reduction; and 

•	

	Improvement in vehicle 
disposal capabilities.

As a result of this, an improved 
return on capital employed1 of 
13.1% (2011 – 11.9%) has 
been achieved for the year 
ended 30 April 2012.

Going forward, the success of 
the Group is dependent upon a 
return to growth of our 
businesses in both the UK and 

Operational review 

Going forward, the success of the 
Group is dependent upon a return to 
growth of our businesses in both the 
UK and Spain where profitable 
opportunities exist.  Whilst this will 
not be easy within the economic 
environment in which the Group 
operates, we are confident that the 
Group is well positioned, both 
operationally and financially to 
achieve this.  

Bob Contreras
Chief Executive

Spain  06:08

Every morning brings an element 
of the unexpected to add to the 
deliveries and orders planned into 
the schedule. Sofía Rodríguez based 
in	Madrid	is	managing	a	project	in	
Pamplona, and realises one of her 
drivers has made three separate 
trips back to the warehouse as the 
VW	caddy	is	not	big	enough	for	
the current project. After calling 
Northgate she finds out that a 
replacement Ford Transit can be 
delivered straight to site from the 
local branch, saving the cost of 
downtime and wasted journeys to 
the warehouse.

10

Northgate plc 
Annual report and accounts 2012

Operational review 

ROCE1

2012: 13.1%

2011: 11.9%

2010: 8.4%

2009: 5.8%

UK
Improvements achieved in 
pricing, operational efficiencies 
and used vehicle residuals have 
led to an increase in operating 
margin9 from 22.0% to 23.2%.

Vehicle fleet and 
utilisation

In the year the UK fleet size 
reduced by 8,300 to 52,900 
vehicles (2011 – 61,200 
vehicles). Despite this fall, our 
asset management strength 
ensured that average utilisation 
rates for the year ended 30 April 
2012 fell by only 1% to 89% 
(2011 – 90%).

In response to the reduction in 
the vehicle fleet the UK reduced 
vehicle purchases by 2,400 to 
16,500 in the year ended 30 
April 2012 (2011 – 18,900). 

With improved fleet profiling the 
UK saw a reduction in its 
average fleet age from 22.1 
months at 30 April 2011 to 21.4 
months at 30 April 2012, 
reflecting the Group’s 
commitment to running a fleet 
with a suitable ageing profile, 
efficiency and reliability.

Hire rates and vehicles 
on hire

Average hire revenue per vehicle 
closed 3% higher than in the 
prior year. As experienced in the 
year ended 30 April 2011 this 
has been impacted by consumer 

demand moving towards smaller 
vehicles to reduce their 
operational costs. Adjusting for 
this mix impact the underlying 
hire rate increase was 4% 
as targeted. 

Year on year closing vehicles on 
hire fell by 7,400 (2011 – 
1,000). The reduction in vehicles 
on hire has been caused by a 
number of factors:

•	

•	

•	

		Customer demand has been 
impacted as a direct 
consequence of the 
economic conditions;

		We have seen returns from 
specific industries, in 
particular businesses 
impacted by the reduction in 
energy tariffs and grants; and

	The increase in pricing 
achieved has resulted in 
some customers who were 
previously attracted to 
unsustainably low flexible 
rental rates revising their fleet 
mix towards fixed contract 
rental, whilst ignoring the 
benefits that a flexible 
solution provides.

During the year a restructuring 
of the commercial operations in 
the UK has been undertaken. 
This has led to the 
implementation of a number of 
key initiatives that are targeted 
at improving the skills, resources 
and support that contributes to 
the commercial offering and 
delivery. Given the challenging 

Our workshop network is 
undergoing a huge investment 
programme to equip it with the 
latest technology to deal with 
anything from fast-fit to major 
intervention repairs. Our technicians 
are among the best in the UK, 
trained to the highest standards so 
customers can be assured that their 
vehicles are not only the most 
modern and fuel efficient but are 
also very well maintained. 

UK  07:08

Our workshops are busy places,  
but we expect that with thousands 
of vehicles needing routine 
maintenance. Work is now 
scheduled through our Central 
Administration team so vehicles are 
off the road for the least amount of 
time. 

Pete Johnston, an electrical 
contractor in Grantham receives a 
text message from Northgate 
letting him know that his Peugeot 
Partner is due in for a routine 
service. Even when he is waiting at 
the depot the progress of the job 
can be viewed on one of our live 
planners. 

11

Northgate plc 
Annual report and accounts 2012

Operational review 

Operational review continued

UK operating margin9

2012: 23.2%

2011:  22.0%

2010:  18.0%

2009:  12.4%

UK continued

trading conditions it is clear that 
the UK business needs to 
continue to identify and deliver 
any business opportunities 
where flexible rental is the 
most appropriate solution for 
the customer.

Restructuring and 
operational improvement

April 2012 saw the UK business 
reach an important milestone. 
The restructuring, which 
commenced in summer 2010, is 
now substantially complete. In 
March	2012	the	previous	20	hire	
companies the Group operated 
under were further reduced to 
five regions. All now operate 
under the single brand of 
Northgate	Vehicle	Hire.	

During the year a number of key 
initiatives were implemented 
which has driven operational 
efficiency and will help 
improve customer service. 
These comprised:

•	

	Improved IT capability and 
systems, which allows 
greater visibility and planning 
of our 53 workshops, 
leading to increased 
efficiency and utilisation;

•	

•	

•	

	Further development around 
driver logistics management, 
which provides the UK with 
opportunities for increasing 
delivery efficiency;

	Improved sales and 
operational planning, which 
reduces vehicle holding costs 
and increases sales 
opportunities; and

	Centralised customer support 
and finance which will 
enhance our customer 
service offering.

The above operational 
improvements have delivered 
£7m of full year equivalent cost 
savings at April 2012. The 
savings exceeded the original 
target by £2m. The year ended 
30 April 2012 benefitted from 
£4m of these savings, with the 
year ending 30 April 2013 
seeing the remaining 
£3m benefit.

Since the year end all of these 
initiatives have become 
embedded and are now part of 
the day to day business for the 
UK. Continued efficiencies will 
be targeted. The UK now has a 
solid foundation on which to 
grow efficiently and provide 
improved customer service.

Northgate	Vehicle	Monitoring	has	
over 4,000 units on hire across 
250 customers. Installations can be 
made from any of our 62 locations, 
and with all our mobile support 
units fitted with vehicle monitoring 
units, it allows a faster response 
time to any assistance calls.

UK  10:43

It’s financial year end for  
Helen	Roberts,	a	Finance	Manager	
in Sheffield. It has been a difficult 
year and the recent rises in fuel 
costs have been a real challenge  
for her domestic repairs business. 
That is why her Operations 
Manager	Paul	asked	for	Northgate’s	
help to install vehicle monitoring 
in their fleet of 200 vehicles. With 
instant access to the location of 
their vehicles 24/7, the nearest 
vehicle is always sent to the next 
job. The result: a significant 20% 
saving in fuel costs and 15% 
reduction in overtime in the first 
year. 

12

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Operational review 

UK utilisation

2012: 89%

2011:  90%

2010:  90%

2009:  86%

UK continued
Used vehicle sales

existing sites continue to be 
reviewed for:

In response to the reduced 
vehicles on hire the UK 
maximised cash flow generation 
by reducing purchases and 
disposing of fleet until the 
desired utilisation level 
was achieved. 

A total of 25,200 vehicles (2011 
– 18,900 vehicles) were sold 
during the year. Higher margin 
retail and semi retail channels 
accounted for 19% (2011 – 
22%) of disposals. Whilst the 
overall percentage has reduced, 
the absolute number of vehicles 
sold through these channels has 
increased by 17%, showing 
good progress in this area. This 
has been achieved mainly as a 
result of the improvements in 
the asset management 
and maintenance regimes 
of vehicles.

The strong resale values for used 
vehicles observed in the last 
financial year continued in the 
year ended 30 April 2012. The 
improvement in the values 
achieved and the increase in 
number of vehicles disposed 
resulted in a decrease of £22.5m 
(2011 – £14.2m) in the 
depreciation charge.

Depot network

In line with the operational 
improvement programme 

•	

	Suitability, including location, 
size and functionality; and

•	

	Condition and efficiency.

In the current year four smaller 
sites have been closed, 
facilitated by the opening of two 
new larger sites. The larger sites 
allow for greater customer 
service and operational 
efficiencies. Ireland has also seen 
two new sites open, driven by 
an increase in demand outside 
of the Dublin area. The number 
of hire locations at April 2012 
was 62.

The UK continues to roll out the 
site refurbishment programme 
to existing locations, with eight 
sites completed in the year. This 
investment focuses largely on 
workshop improvement and 
early indications are that 
efficiency in the sites has 
improved following the 
refurbishments. This programme 
will continue over the next 
12 months.

The Group will continue to look 
for further opportunities to 
invest in the network where 
there is an economic benefit in 
doing so. This will include 
opportunities to establish a 
presence in areas of the 
country where we do not 
currently operate.

Van	Monster	now	operates	from	
five separate sites in Spain and 
eight locations in the UK offering  
a range of the best quality  
ex-hire vehicles from our fleet.

Spain  14:12

After three separate trips to the 
garage in the last four months, 
Javier Ruiz is finally persuaded by 
his business partner Eduardo that it 
is time to trade in their van which 
they have owned for 12 years after 
having to turn down another job 
with the van being off the road. 
Eduardo has heard about the new 
Van	Monster	showroom	that	has	
recently opened in Bilbao and 
surprised by the range of quality 
used vehicles on offer he quickly 
finds a great deal on an 18 month 
old Citroën Berlingo. No more 
wasted time at the garage for Javier 
and his customers are impressed 
too.

13

Northgate plc  
Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012
Annual report and accounts 2012

Operational review 

Operational review continued

Spain operating margin10

2012: 19.1%

2011:  18.0%

2010:  12.7%

2009:  12.7%

Spain
Our Spanish business has 
experienced another difficult 
year with no notable 
improvement in trading 
conditions. In this challenging 
economic environment strong 
asset management remains 
critical and we are pleased to 
report that vehicle utilisation for 
the year ended 30 April 2012 
was 90% (2011 – 91%).

Continued strong fleet 
management, cost control, 
debtor management and 
improved used vehicle values 
have offset some of the fall in 
revenue, helping to improve the 
operating margin10 to 19.1% 
(2011 – 18.0%).

Vehicle fleet and 
utilisation

The fleet size reduced from 
43,500 vehicles at 30 April 2011 
to 38,400 at 30 April 2012. The 
average utilisation for the year 
was 90% (2011 – 91%).

During the year we purchased 
11,900 vehicles (2011 – 13,400) 
and the average age of the fleet 
reduced from 25.0 months at 30 
April 2011 to 21.8 months at 30 
April 2012.

Hire rates and vehicles 
on hire

Average hire revenue per rented 
vehicle in the year was 1% 
lower than the prior year. As in 
the UK the mix of vehicles on 
hire in Spain is being impacted 
by customer demand moving 
towards smaller vehicles. 
Excluding this mix impact the 
revenue per rented vehicle is in 
line with the prior year.

Vehicles	on	hire	fell	5,400	in	the	
year ended 30 April 2012, from 
39,400 vehicles at 30 April 
2011. With further 
improvements to the vehicle 
disposal infrastructure and 
strong operational controls, 
Spain was able to reduce the 
fleet appropriately and maintain 
strong vehicle utilisations.

Depot network

The network infrastructure 
continued to be reviewed 
throughout the year with two 
sites being closed in order to 
tighten operational efficiency 
without the loss of geographical 
coverage, leaving the closing 
number of sites at 23.

Spain

16:32

The flexibility of our product is the 
main reason why many customers 
choose Northgate over contract 
hire or ownership. Álvaro López 
manages the fleet of one of 
our large logistics customers in 
Saragossa. It’s a seasonal business, 
so when he receives notification 
that a large contract has just been 
successfully completed, the ten 
vans on hire from Northgate are 
returned at no additional cost. 
This is why he chooses to partner 
Northgate, because when the next 
order comes in (large or small), 
Álvaro knows that Northgate will 
be on hand to supply the vehicles 
that he needs at short notice.

14

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Operational review 

 
Spain utilisation

2012: 90%

2011:  91%

2010:  88%

2009:  83%

Bad debts

The improvement noted last 
year in debtor management 
continued during the year. The 
incidence of bad debt in Spain in 
the year ended 30 April 2012 
was €3.2m, a €1.1m reduction 
on the charge in the year ended 
30 April 2011 of €4.3m and 
€7.1m less than the charge 
noted in the year ended 30 April 
2010.

Days’ sales outstanding also 
continue to reduce due to 
improvements in customer 
profiling, controls and processes, 
falling from 94 days as at 30 
April 2011 to 71 days at 
30 April 2012.

Spain continued

Sector focus

Spain continues to diversify 
away from customers operating 
in the construction industry, 
with this sector’s vehicles on 
hire accounting for 34% of 
vehicles on hire at 30 April 2012 
compared to 37% at 
30 April 2011. 

Used vehicle sales

Over the past two years 
significant progress has been 
made in Spain regarding the 
vehicle sales capability and 
routes to market. This has been 
complemented by the change in 
customer sector concentration 
coupled with an improved 
vehicle maintenance regime.

During the year Spain disposed 
of 16,800 vehicles (2011 – 
19,000 vehicles). The continued 
improvement in resale values 
achieved has resulted in a 
reduction in the depreciation 
charge of €4.9m compared to 
a €0.2m reduction in the 
prior year.

based rental agreements. On return 
of vehicles, any damage can  
be logged and sent directly to  
the customer, improving the 
communication between  
Northgate and its customers. 

UK

21:51

Nick Jones has been a Northgate 
customer in Cannock for ten years. 
When one of his vans reaches the 
end of its hire life, he is happy to 
choose	a	brand	new	Mercedes	
Sprinter especially as it is tailored 
exactly to his needs, with livery, 
ladder racks and a towbar installed. 
The van is delivered directly to 
site, where foreman Keith signs 
the driver’s PDA meaning that he 
can get on with his job with no 
paperwork to worry about losing 
on the way back to the office.

Handheld PDA’s are now used  
by all our delivery drivers, enabling 
jobs to be scheduled in real time, 
and replace the previous paper 

15

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Operational review 

Financial review 

Group return on capital employed 
was 13.1% compared to 11.9% 
in the prior year and 8.4% in 
2010. This represents a substantial 
improvement over the previous two 
years and underlines the Group’s 
success in applying its strategy of 
maximising returns through strong 
fleet management and operational 
efficiency.

Chris Muir
Group Finance Director

Committed facilities £m

26

387

319

319

163

120

92

92

77

92

77

92

77

92

92

61

FY12

FY13

FY14

FY15

FY16

FY17

FY18

  Other

Bank facilities 
USPP notes 
M&G

16

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Financial review 

Group

A summary of the Group’s underlying financial performance for 2012, with 
a comparison to 2011, is shown below:

Revenue 
Operating profit11 
Net interest expense12 
Profit before tax2 
Profit after tax3 
Basic earnings per share3 
Return on capital employed1 

2012 
£m 

706.7 
105.2 
(45.4) 
59.7 
41.9 
31.5p 
13.1% 

2011 
£m

715.5
105.6
(51.8)
53.8
38.5
29.0p
11.9%

Group revenue in 2012 decreased by 1.2% to £706.7m (2011 – £715.5m) 
or 1.4% at constant exchange rates.

Net underlying cash generation8 was £138.2m (2011 – £99.4m) after net 
capital expenditure of £133.8m (2011 – £186.1m) resulting in closing net 
debt4 of £371.3m (2011 – £529.9m). Gearing5 improved to 105% 
(2011 – 163%).

On a statutory basis, operating profit has increased to £94.5m (2011 – 
£82.6m) with profit before tax increasing to £46.0m (2011 – £26.5m). Basic 
earnings per share increased to 30.4p (2011 – 22.1p). Net cash from 
operations, including net capital expenditure on vehicles for hire, increased 
by £43.5m to £145.8m (2011 – £102.3m), with net debt falling by 27.2% 
from £529.1m at 30 April 2011 to £385.3m at 30 April 2012. Gearing 
improved to 109% (2011 – 163%).

UK

The composition of the Group’s UK revenue and operating profit is set out 
below:

Revenue
Vehicle	hire	
Vehicle	sales	

Operating profit13 

2012 
£m 

320.8 
136.3 

457.1 

74.4 

2011 
£m

333.9
103.0

436.9

73.6

Hire revenue reduced by 4% to £320.8m (2011 - £333.9m) driven by a 7% 
reduction in the average number of vehicles on hire, partially offset by a 3% 
increase in hire rates. 

An improvement in residual values and increased volume of used vehicle 
sales contributed £8.3m of the increase in operating profit.

The UK operating margin was as follows:

Operating margin9 

2012 

23.2% 

2011

22.0%

The UK operating profit margin9 has increased to 23.2% (2011 – 22.0%). 
This is due to an improvement in hire rates and used vehicle contribution as 
mentioned above, coupled with cost savings achieved through the 
restructuring of the UK business.

Given the continuing strength of used vehicle residual values, UK 
depreciation rates on vehicles for hire have been reduced by 1%, taking 
effect	from	1	May	2012.	Based	on	the	composition	of	the	fleet	as	at	30	April	
2012 this is expected to reduce the depreciation charge by £5m in the year 
ending 30 April 2013, which will reverse over four years as the current fleet 
is sold.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Spain

Taxation

The revenue and operating profit generated by our Spanish operations are 
set out below:

The Group’s underlying effective tax charge for its UK and overseas 
operations is 30% (2011 – 28%). 

Revenue 
Vehicle	hire	
Vehicle	sales	

Operating profit14 

2012 
£m 

182.9 
66.7 

249.6 

35.0 

2011 
£m

203.3
75.3

278.6

36.6

The underlying tax charge excludes the tax on intangible amortisation and 
exceptional items. 

Also excluded from the underlying tax charge in the year is a £11.5m credit 
following settlement with the UK tax authorities on an outstanding tax 
matter and a charge of £2.9m to reflect the change in UK tax rates. 

Including these items the Group’s statutory effective tax charge is 12% 
(2011 – (11)%).

Hire revenue reduced by 10% due to the reduction in average vehicles on 
hire (10.5% at constant exchange rates).

An improvement in used vehicle residual values has contributed £4.2m to 
operating profit in the year with 16,800 vehicles sold (2011 – 19,000). 

The Spanish operating margin was as follows:

Operating margin10 

2012 

19.1% 

2011

18.0%

Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share (EPS)3, were 9% higher than the previous year at 
31.5p (2011 – 29.0p). Basic statutory earnings per share were 30.4p 
(2011 – 22.1p). 

Underlying earnings for the purposes of calculating EPS3 of £41.9m were 
£3.4m (9%) higher than the previous year (2011 – £38.5m). The weighted 
average number of shares for the purposes of calculating EPS was 133.2m, 
0.2m higher than the previous year.

Vehicle	hire	revenue	and	operating	profit14 in 2012, expressed at constant 
exchange rates, would have been lower than reported by £0.9m and 
£0.2m respectively.

Adjusting for the change in mix of the fleet, revenue per rented vehicle 
remained stable, which demonstrates good pricing discipline in a difficult 
trading environment. 

The incidence of bad debt in Spain has reduced by £1.0m to £2.7m (2011 
– £3.7m), equivalent to 1.5% of rental revenue (2011 – 1.8%) despite no 
significant improvement in the economic environment, which demonstrates 
an ongoing improvement in debtor management.

Corporate

Corporate costs15 were £4.2m compared to £4.6m in the prior year.

Return on capital employed

Group return on capital employed1 was 13.1% compared to 11.9% in the 
prior year and 8.4% in 2010. This represents a substantial improvement over 
the previous two years and underlines the Group’s success in applying its 
strategy of maximising returns through strong fleet management and 
operational efficiency.

Dividend

The Directors recommend the payment of a dividend of 3.0p per share in 
relation to the Ordinary shares for the year ended 30 April 2012 (2011 – 
£Nil). Subject to approval by shareholders, the dividend will be paid on 21 
September 2012 to ordinary shareholders on the register as at 17 August 
2012. The dividend is covered 10 times.

Balance sheet 

Net tangible assets at 30 April 2012 were £353.0m (2011 – £324.4m), 
equivalent to a tangible net asset value of 264.9p per share (2011 – 243.5p 
per share). 

Gearing5 at 30 April 2012 was 105% (2011 – 163%) reflecting a £159m 
reduction in net debt4. This demonstrates significant progress in 
strengthening the balance sheet from a gearing level of 571% at 30 April 
2009 and 213% at 30 April 2010.

Cash flow

A summary of the Group’s cash flows is shown below: 

2012 
£m 

312.9  
(133.8) 
(40.9) 

138.2 
– 
(0.1) 
(2.6) 

135.5 

529.9 
(135.5) 
4.5 
2.3 
(29.9) 

371.3 

2011
£m

331.4 
(186.1)
(45.9)

99.4
0.4
(10.3)
(2.6)

86.9

598.3
(86.9)
6.4
3.4
8.7

529.9

Group return on equity, calculated as profit after tax (excluding intangible 
amortisation, impairment of intangible assets and exceptional items) divided 
by average shareholders’ funds, was 11.9% (2011 – 12.0%). 

Underlying operational cash generation 
Net capital expenditure 
Net taxation and interest payments 

Exceptional items

During the year £7.0m of restructuring costs were incurred, of which £5.4m 
related to the UK, £1.5m related to Spain and £0.1m related to corporate 
costs. Other exceptional items totalled £(0.3)m.

During the year £3.0m of financing costs were incurred in relation to interest 
rate swap contracts which were cancelled.

Interest

Net finance charges for the year before exceptional items were £45.4m 
(2011 – £51.8m). 

Net underlying cash generation8 
Proceeds from issue of share capital 
Refinancing fees 
Other 

Net cash generated  

Opening net debt4 
Net cash generated 
Financing fees paid and amortised 
Other non-cash items 
Exchange differences 

The charge includes £6.6m of non-cash interest, primarily from borrowing 
fees amortised in the year (2011 – £9.4m).

Closing net debt4 

The net cash interest charge has reduced by £3.6m to £38.8m, with a 
£7.5m saving as a result of the reduction in average net debt throughout 
the year being partially offset by a £3.8m increased cost as a consequence of 
higher borrowing rates for the Group in the year and a £0.1m increase due 
to the impact of exchange rates.

17

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Financial review 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Financial review continued

Underlying operational cash generation (as outlined in the table above) of 
£312.9m, coupled with tight control over capital expenditure of £133.8m 
have contributed to a £158.6m reduction in net debt4 to a closing position 
of £371.3m.

A total of £306.3m was invested in new vehicles in order to replace fleet 
compared to £343.6m in the prior year. The Group’s new vehicle outlay was 
partially funded by £180.3m of cash generated from the sale of used 
vehicles. Other net capital expenditure amounted to £7.8m. 

After capital expenditure, and payments of interest and tax of £40.9m, net 
underlying cash generation8 was £138.2m, compared to £99.4m in the 
previous year.

Borrowing facilities

The Group’s financing arrangements comprise committed secured facilities 
of £668.3m as detailed below. As at 30 April 2012 £392.6m debt gross of 
£21.3m of unamortised arrangement fees was drawn against these facilities 
giving headroom of £275.7m6.

The Group’s facilities and their maturities are shown below:

Facility 
£m 

Drawn  Headroom 
£m 

£m 

Maturity 

Bank 
US loan notes 
M&G	loan		
Other loans 

386.5  
163.1 
92.1	
26.6 

114.7  
163.1 
92.1	
22.7 

271.8 

Sept-14 
–  Nov-12 to Dec-16 
–	 Oct-17	to	Apr-19 
Up to Nov-12

3.9 

668.3 

392.6 

275.7 

US	loan	notes	bear	fixed	interest	of	8.8%.	M&G	loan	interest	is	charged	at	
LIBOR +4.25%. This has been swapped into fixed rate debt at a rate of 
8.2%. A proportion of bank debt is fixed at 5.1% giving an overall rate of 
7.3% on our fixed rate debt. Including floating rate debt, the overall cost of 
the Group’s borrowings is 7.1%.

The margin charged on bank debt is dependent upon the Group’s net debt 
to EBITDA ratio, and ranges from a maximum of 3.25% to a minimum of 
2.25%. The net debt to EBITDA ratio at 30 April 2012 corresponds to a 
bank margin of 2.50%.

The Group made total borrowing repayments of £223m in the year. 
Scheduled bank repayments of £68m are due in November 2012 before the 
facilities mature in September 2014.

US note repayments and maturities of £45m are due in November 2012, 
with £43m maturing in December 2013 and £75m in December 2016.

The	M&G	loan	is	repayable	in	three	equal	instalments	in	October	2017,	April	
2018 and April 2019.

There are four financial covenants7 under the Group’s facilities as follows:

1.  Interest cover ratio

A minimum ratio of earnings before interest and taxation (EBIT) to net 
interest costs tested quarterly on a rolling historic 12 month basis. The 
covenant ratio to be exceeded ranges between 2.00x and 2.25x. 

Interest cover at 30 April 2012 was 2.4x (2011 – 2.1x) with EBIT headroom, 
all else being equal, of £17m.

2.  Minimum tangible net worth

A minimum tangible net worth (net assets excluding goodwill and 
intangibles), tested quarterly. This covenant has been set at 80% of the net 
tangible assets at 30 April 2010 as adjusted for 80% of budgeted 
cumulative retained profits planned at the time of refinancing.

Headroom at 30 April 2012 was £99m (2011 – £85m).

18

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Financial review 

3.  Loan to value

A maximum ratio of total consolidated net borrowings to the book value of 
vehicles for hire, vehicles held for resale, trade receivables and freehold 
property, tested quarterly. The covenant ratio which must not be exceeded 
is 70%. 

Loan to value at 30 April 2012 was 53% (2011 – 63%) giving net debt 
headroom, all else being equal, of £132m.

4. Debt leverage cover ratio

A maximum ratio of net debt to earnings before interest, tax, depreciation 
and amortisation (EBITDA), tested quarterly on a rolling historic 12 month 
basis. The covenant ratio which must not be exceeded is 2.00x.

Debt leverage cover at 30 April 2012 was 1.3x (2011 – 1.7x) with EBITDA 
headroom, all else being equal, of £97m.

Treasury

The function of Group Treasury is to mitigate financial risk, to ensure 
sufficient liquidity is available to meet foreseeable requirements, to secure 
finance at minimum cost and to invest cash assets securely and profitably. 
Treasury operations manage the Group’s funding, liquidity and exposure to 
interest rate risks within a framework of policies and guidelines authorised 
by the Board of Directors.

The Group uses derivative financial instruments for risk management 
purposes only. Consistent with Group policy, Group Treasury does not 
engage in speculative activity and it is policy to avoid using more complex 
financial instruments.

Credit risk

The policy followed in managing credit risk permits only minimal exposures, 
with banks and other institutions meeting required standards as assessed 
normally by reference to major credit agencies. Our credit exposure is limited 
to banks which maintain an A rating. Individual aggregate credit exposures 
are also limited accordingly.

Liquidity and funding

The Group has sufficient funding facilities to meet its normal funding 
requirements in the medium term as discussed above. Covenants 
attached to those facilities as discussed above are not restrictive to the 
Group’s operations. 

Capital management

The Group’s objective is to maintain a balance sheet structure that is efficient 
in terms of providing long term returns to shareholders and safeguards the 
Group’s financial position through economic cycles.

Operating subsidiary undertakings are financed by a combination of retained 
earnings, loan notes, other loans and bank borrowings, including medium 
term bank loans.

The Group can choose to adjust its capital structure by varying the amount 
of dividends paid to shareholders, by issuing new shares or by adjusting the 
level of capital expenditure. As discussed above, gearing5 at 30 April 2012 
was 105% compared to 163% at 30 April 2011. 

Interest rate management

The Group’s bank facilities and other loan agreements incorporate variable 
interest rates. The Group seeks to manage the risks associated with 
fluctuating interest rates by having in place a number of financial 
instruments covering at least 50% of its borrowings at any time. The 
proportion of gross borrowings hedged into fixed rates was 96% at 30 April 
2012 (2011 – 71%).

  
 
 
 
 
 
	
 
 
 
1  Calculated as operating profit11 divided by 

average capital employed, being 
shareholders funds plus net debt4.

2 

3 

Stated before intangible amortisation of 
£4.0m (2011 – £4.7m), exceptional 
administrative expenses of £6.7m (2011 
– £12.5m), impairment of intangible 
assets of £Nil (2011 – £5.9m) and 
exceptional finance costs of £3.0m 
(2011 – £4.2m).

Stated before intangible amortisation of 
£4.0m (2011 – £4.7m), exceptional 
administrative expenses of £6.7m (2011 
– £12.5m), impairment of intangible 
assets of £Nil (2011 – £5.9m), exceptional 
finance costs of £3.0m (2011 – £4.2m) 
and tax on intangible amortisation, 
exceptional items and exceptional tax 
credit of £12.3m (2011 – £18.2m).

4  Net debt taking into account swapped 
exchange rates for US loan notes and 
M&G	loan	swapped	into	Euro	being	
retranslated to Sterling at closing 
exchange rates.

5  Calculated as net debt4 divided by 

tangible net assets with tangible net 
assets being net assets less goodwill and 
other intangible assets.

6   Headroom calculated as facilities of 

£668m less net borrowings of £392m. 
Facilities and net borrowings stated 
taking into account the fixed swapped 
exchange rates for US loan notes and 
M&G	loan	swapped	into	Euro	being	
retranslated to Sterling at closing 
exchange rates. Net borrowings represent 
net debt4 of £371m gross of £21m of 
unamortised arrangement fees and are 
stated after the deduction of £10m of 
cash balances, which are available to 
offset against borrowings.

7  Calculated in accordance with covenant 

requirements of the Group’s financing 
arrangements.

8   Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 
before financing activities and partial 
recovery of acquisition cost of subsidiary 
undertaking. 

9   Calculated as operating profit13 divided by 
revenue of £320.8m (2011– £333.9m), 
excluding vehicle sales.

10   Calculated as operating profit14 divided by 
revenue of £182.9m (2011 – £203.3m), 
excluding vehicle sales.

11  Stated before intangible amortisation of 
£4.0m (2011 – £4.7m), exceptional 
administrative expenses of £6.7m (2011 
– £12.5m) and impairment of intangible 
assets of £Nil (2011 – £5.9m).

12  Stated before exceptional finance costs of 

£3.0m (2011 – £4.2m).

13   Excluding amortisation of intangible 
assets of £3.1m (2011 – £3.2m) and 
exceptional administrative expenses of 
£5.7m (2011 – £2.4m).

14   Excluding amortisation of intangible 
assets of £0.9m (2011 – £1.4m), 
exceptional administrative expenses of 
£1.7m (2011 – £9.4m) and impairment of 
intangible assets of £Nil (2011 – £5.9m).

15   Excluding exceptional administrative 
expenses of £(0.7)m (2011 – £0.6m).

Treasury continued 

Foreign exchange risk

The Group’s reporting currency is, and the majority of its revenue (64%) is 
generated in pounds sterling. The Group’s principal currency translation 
exposure is to the Euro, as the results of operations, assets and liabilities of 
its Spanish and Irish businesses must be translated into Sterling to produce 
the Group’s consolidated financial statements.

The average and year end exchange rates used to translate the Group’s 
overseas operations were as follows:

Average 
Year end 

2012 
£ : € 

1.17 
1.23 

2011
£ : €

1.17
1.12

The Group manages its exposure to currency fluctuations on retranslation of 
the balance sheets of those subsidiary undertakings whose functional 
currency is in Euro by maintaining a proportion of its borrowings in the same 
currency. In addition, the Group has entered into a number of Sterling/Euro 
cross-currency swaps which are designated as net investment hedges. The 
hedging objective is to reduce the risk of spot retranslation of the Euro 
subsidiaries from Euro to Sterling at each reporting date. The hedges are 
considered highly effective in the current and prior year and the exchange 
differences arising on the borrowings and net investment hedges have been 
recognised directly within equity along with the exchange differences on 
retranslation of the net assets of the Euro subsidiaries.

The Group has in issue US dollar-denominated loan notes which bear fixed 
rate interest in US dollars. The payment of this interest and the capital 
repayment of the loan notes at scheduled repayment dates and maturity 
expose the Group to foreign exchange risk. To mitigate this risk, the Group 
has entered into a series of Sterling/US dollar cross-currency swaps. The 
effective start dates and termination dates of these contracts are the same 
as the loan notes against which hedging relationships are designated. The 
Group will have interest cash outflows in Sterling and interest cash inflows in 
US dollars over the life of the contracts. On the termination date of each of 
the contracts, the Group will pay a principal amount in Sterling and receive a 
principal amount in US dollars. 

Going concern 

In determining whether the Group’s 2012 accounts should be prepared on a 
going concern basis the Directors considered all factors likely to affect its 
future development, performance and its financial position, including cash 
flows, liquidity position and borrowings facilities and the risks and 
uncertainties relating to its business activities in the current economic 
climate.

The principal risks and uncertainties of the Group are outlined on pages 20 
and	21.	Measures	taken	by	the	Directors	in	order	to	mitigate	those	risks	are	
also outlined. 

The Directors have reviewed trading and cash flow forecasts as part of their 
going concern assessment, including reasonably possible downside 
sensitivities, which take into account the uncertainties in the current 
operating environment.

The Group has sufficient headroom compared to its committed borrowing 
facilities and against all covenants as detailed in this report. 

Having considered all the factors above impacting the Group’s businesses, 
including reasonably possible downside sensitivities, the Directors are 
satisfied that the Group will be able to operate within the terms and 
conditions of the Group’s financing facilities for the foreseeable future.

The Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Company and the 
Group have adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the 
foreseeable future. Accordingly, they continue to adopt the going concern 
basis in preparing the Group’s 2012 accounts.

19

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Financial review 

  
 
 
 
Principal risks and uncertainties

The operation of a public 
company involves a 
number of risks and 
uncertainties across a full 
range of commercial, 
operational and financial 
areas. The principal risks 
and uncertainties that 
have been identified as 
being capable of 
impacting the Group’s 
performance over the next 
financial year are set 
out below.

Economic environment

Eurozone

Vehicle holding costs

Competition and hire rates Access to capital

Impact

Impact

Impact

Impact

Impact

IT systems

Impact

Change management

Impact

The overall holding cost of a 
vehicle is affected by the pricing 
levels of new vehicles and the 
disposal value of vehicles sold. 

The Group purchases substantially 
all of its fleet from suppliers with 
no agreement for the repurchase 
of a vehicle at the end of its hire 
life cycle. The Group is therefore 
exposed to fluctuations in residual 
values in the used vehicle market.

An increase in the holding cost of 
vehicles, if not recovered through 
hire rate increases, would affect 
profitability, shareholder returns 
and cash generation.

The Group operates in and 
generates 35% of its revenue in 
Spain, where the functional 
currency is the Euro. The risks of 
trading in this country are assessed 
in the ‘Economic Environment’ risk. 
Of the Group’s net assets, £294m 
(2011 - £366m) are located in 
Spain, against which the Group 
holds £240m (2011 - £356m) of 
Euro denominated borrowings 
providing a net investment hedge.

There is a possibility that Spain may 
leave the Euro. If this occurred and 
Spain were to reintroduce its own 
national currency, the Group could 
be materially affected by a 
weakening of this currency and 
higher volatility on trading results 
when translated into sterling. Local 
net assets could depreciate while 
the Group’s Euro debt located in 
the UK could appreciate.

There is a link in our business 
between the demand for our 
products and services and the levels 
of economic activity in the 
countries in which the Group 
operates. The high level of 
operational gearing in our business 
model means that changes in 
demand can lead to higher levels 
of variation in profitability.

The Group operates in Spain, 
where austerity measures have 
been implemented. These 
measures could impact on future 
trading volumes. The underlying 
macro-economic conditions have 
also increased the risk of customer 
failure, particularly in Spain, which 
may lead to the occurrence of 
increased bad debt charges.

The construction industry in Spain 
and other key markets of the 
Group have been particularly 
sensitive to the downturn in the 
economic climate which has led to 
a decline in the number of vehicles 
rented in recent years.

The Spanish business generates a 
large proportion of revenue from 
customers in the construction 
industry but is seeking to diversify 
its customer base across a range of 
market segments.

The Group operates in highly 

The Group requires capital to both 

The Group’s business involves a 

The UK and Spain businesses have 

competitive markets with 

replace vehicles that have reached 

high volume of transactions and 

undertaken restructuring 

competitors often pursuing 

the end of their useful life and for 

the need to track assets which are 

programmes to improve the 

aggressive pricing actions to 

growth in the fleet. Additionally, 

located at numerous sites. 

operational efficiency of the Group. 

increase hire volumes. The market 

due to the level of the Group’s 

is also fragmented with numerous 

indebtedness, a significant 

competitors at a local and 

proportion of the Group’s cash 

national level.

As our business is highly 

operationally geared, any increase 

or decrease in hire rates will impact 

profit and shareholder returns to a 

greater effect.

Reliance is placed upon the proper 

Following the successful execution 

functioning of IT systems for the 

of the programmes, the new 

effective running of operations. 

processes and procedures need to 

Any interruption to the Group’s IT 

be embedded into the business 

systems could have a materially 

and applied consistently, otherwise 

adverse affect on its business.

the Group will not be in a position 

to achieve its objectives, and 

profitability and shareholder 

returns could be impacted.

flow is required to service its debt 

obligations. In order to continue to 

access its credit facilities the Group 

needs to remain in compliance with 

its financial covenants throughout 

the term of its facilities. Current 

bank facilities are due to mature in 

September 2014 with other 

facilities having varying maturity 

dates up to April 2019. There is a 

risk that the Group cannot 

successfully extend its facilities past 

this date. Failure to access 

sufficient financing or meet 

financial covenants could 

potentially adversely affect the 

prospects of the Group. 

Mitigation

Mitigation

Mitigation

Mitigation

Mitigation

Mitigation

Mitigation

The Board has conducted a 
detailed review of the impact of 
possible scenarios that may arise 
from the Eurozone crisis and the 
risks are being continually 
monitored. In order to minimise the 
Group’s net exposure to the 
Spanish currency, regular dividend 
payments of cash flow generated 
from the Spanish business have 
been implemented, and 
consideration is being given to 
increasing the level of funding to 
the Spanish business from locally 
denominated borrowings.

Risk is managed on new pricing by 
negotiating fixed pricing terms 
with manufacturers a year in 
advance. Flexibility is maintained to 
make purchases throughout the 
year under variable supply terms.

Flexibility in our business model 
allows us to determine the period 
over which we hold a vehicle and 
therefore in the event of a decline 
in residual values we would 
attempt to mitigate the impact by 
ageing out our existing fleet.

As the Group is focused on 

Financial covenants are reviewed 

Prior to any material systems 

The Board and its advisors 

maximising return on capital, all 

on a monthly basis in conjunction 

changes being implemented the 

conducted detailed reviews of the 

hire rates must exceed certain 

with cash flow forecasts to ensure 

Board approves a project plan. The 

restructuring strategy before it 

hurdle rates.

ongoing compliance. If there is a 

project is then led by a member of 

commenced, and the results of 

Our current pricing strategy is 

focused on charging the correct 

price for the service provided and all 

ancillary services offered which will 

shortfall in cash generated from 

the executive team, with an 

each project continue to be 

operations and/or available under 

ongoing implementation review 

monitored at Board level. The new 

its credit facilities the Group would 

being carried out by internal audit 

processes and procedures have 

reduce its capital requirements. 

and external consultants where 

been communicated to all 

attract customers for whom flexible 

The Group believes that its existing 

rental is the most appropriate 

facilities provide adequate 

solution but not necessarily the 

resources for present requirements.

cheapest. This means that the 

Group will be better positioned 

against solely price led competition 

going forward.

The impact of access to capital on 

the wider risk of going concern is 

considered on page 19.

appropriate. The objective is always 

employees and risks arising are 

to minimise the risk that business 

continually monitored and 

interruption could occur as a result 

mitigating actions are taken 

of the system changes.

when required.

Additionally, the Group has an 

appropriate business continuity 

plan in the event of interruption 

arising from an IT systems failure.

Should there be a further 
significant economic downturn the 
flexible nature of the Group’s 
business model enables vehicles to 
be placed with other customers. 
Alternatively, utilisation can be 
maintained through a combination 
of a decrease in vehicle purchases 
and increase in disposals, which 
although affecting short term 
profitability, generates cash and 
reduces debt levels.

An economic downturn also 
presents opportunities to increase 
rentals to customers wishing to 
benefit from the Group’s flexible 
renting solutions, either due to a 
lack of available finance or an 
unwillingness to commit to long 
term rental or outright purchase. 

No individual customer contributes 
more than five per cent of total 
revenue generated, and ongoing 
credit analysis is performed on new 
and existing customers to assess 
credit risk.

20

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Principal risks and uncertainties 

Economic environment

Eurozone

Vehicle holding costs

Competition and hire rates Access to capital

Impact

Impact

Impact

Impact

Impact

There is a link in our business 

The Group operates in and 

The overall holding cost of a 

between the demand for our 

generates 35% of its revenue in 

vehicle is affected by the pricing 

products and services and the levels 

Spain, where the functional 

levels of new vehicles and the 

of economic activity in the 

currency is the Euro. The risks of 

disposal value of vehicles sold. 

countries in which the Group 

trading in this country are assessed 

operates. The high level of 

in the ‘Economic Environment’ risk. 

operational gearing in our business 

Of the Group’s net assets, £294m 

model means that changes in 

(2011 - £366m) are located in 

demand can lead to higher levels 

Spain, against which the Group 

of variation in profitability.

holds £240m (2011 - £356m) of 

The Group operates in Spain, 

where austerity measures have 

Euro denominated borrowings 

providing a net investment hedge.

been implemented. These 

There is a possibility that Spain may 

measures could impact on future 

leave the Euro. If this occurred and 

trading volumes. The underlying 

Spain were to reintroduce its own 

macro-economic conditions have 

national currency, the Group could 

also increased the risk of customer 

be materially affected by a 

failure, particularly in Spain, which 

weakening of this currency and 

may lead to the occurrence of 

higher volatility on trading results 

increased bad debt charges.

when translated into sterling. Local 

net assets could depreciate while 

the Group’s Euro debt located in 

the UK could appreciate.

The Group purchases substantially 

all of its fleet from suppliers with 

no agreement for the repurchase 

of a vehicle at the end of its hire 

life cycle. The Group is therefore 

exposed to fluctuations in residual 

values in the used vehicle market.

An increase in the holding cost of 

vehicles, if not recovered through 

hire rate increases, would affect 

profitability, shareholder returns 

and cash generation.

The Group operates in highly 
competitive markets with 
competitors often pursuing 
aggressive pricing actions to 
increase hire volumes. The market 
is also fragmented with numerous 
competitors at a local and 
national level.

As our business is highly 
operationally geared, any increase 
or decrease in hire rates will impact 
profit and shareholder returns to a 
greater effect.

The Group requires capital to both 
replace vehicles that have reached 
the end of their useful life and for 
growth in the fleet. Additionally, 
due to the level of the Group’s 
indebtedness, a significant 
proportion of the Group’s cash 
flow is required to service its debt 
obligations. In order to continue to 
access its credit facilities the Group 
needs to remain in compliance with 
its financial covenants throughout 
the term of its facilities. Current 
bank facilities are due to mature in 
September 2014 with other 
facilities having varying maturity 
dates up to April 2019. There is a 
risk that the Group cannot 
successfully extend its facilities past 
this date. Failure to access 
sufficient financing or meet 
financial covenants could 
potentially adversely affect the 
prospects of the Group. 

IT systems

Impact

Change management

Impact

The Group’s business involves a 
high volume of transactions and 
the need to track assets which are 
located at numerous sites. 

The UK and Spain businesses have 
undertaken restructuring 
programmes to improve the 
operational efficiency of the Group. 

Reliance is placed upon the proper 
functioning of IT systems for the 
effective running of operations. 
Any interruption to the Group’s IT 
systems could have a materially 
adverse affect on its business.

Following the successful execution 
of the programmes, the new 
processes and procedures need to 
be embedded into the business 
and applied consistently, otherwise 
the Group will not be in a position 
to achieve its objectives, and 
profitability and shareholder 
returns could be impacted.

Mitigation

Mitigation

Mitigation

Mitigation

Mitigation

Mitigation

Mitigation

Should there be a further 

The Board has conducted a 

Risk is managed on new pricing by 

significant economic downturn the 

detailed review of the impact of 

negotiating fixed pricing terms 

flexible nature of the Group’s 

possible scenarios that may arise 

with manufacturers a year in 

business model enables vehicles to 

from the Eurozone crisis and the 

advance. Flexibility is maintained to 

be placed with other customers. 

risks are being continually 

make purchases throughout the 

Alternatively, utilisation can be 

monitored. In order to minimise the 

year under variable supply terms.

maintained through a combination 

Group’s net exposure to the 

of a decrease in vehicle purchases 

Spanish currency, regular dividend 

and increase in disposals, which 

payments of cash flow generated 

although affecting short term 

from the Spanish business have 

profitability, generates cash and 

been implemented, and 

consideration is being given to 

increasing the level of funding to 

the Spanish business from locally 

denominated borrowings.

Flexibility in our business model 

allows us to determine the period 

over which we hold a vehicle and 

therefore in the event of a decline 

in residual values we would 

attempt to mitigate the impact by 

ageing out our existing fleet.

As the Group is focused on 
maximising return on capital, all 
hire rates must exceed certain 
hurdle rates.

Our current pricing strategy is 
focused on charging the correct 
price for the service provided and all 
ancillary services offered which will 
attract customers for whom flexible 
rental is the most appropriate 
solution but not necessarily the 
cheapest. This means that the 
Group will be better positioned 
against solely price led competition 
going forward.

Financial covenants are reviewed 
on a monthly basis in conjunction 
with cash flow forecasts to ensure 
ongoing compliance. If there is a 
shortfall in cash generated from 
operations and/or available under 
its credit facilities the Group would 
reduce its capital requirements. 

The Group believes that its existing 
facilities provide adequate 
resources for present requirements.

The impact of access to capital on 
the wider risk of going concern is 
considered on page 19.

Prior to any material systems 
changes being implemented the 
Board approves a project plan. The 
project is then led by a member of 
the executive team, with an 
ongoing implementation review 
being carried out by internal audit 
and external consultants where 
appropriate. The objective is always 
to minimise the risk that business 
interruption could occur as a result 
of the system changes.

The Board and its advisors 
conducted detailed reviews of the 
restructuring strategy before it 
commenced, and the results of 
each project continue to be 
monitored at Board level. The new 
processes and procedures have 
been communicated to all 
employees and risks arising are 
continually monitored and 
mitigating actions are taken 
when required.

Additionally, the Group has an 
appropriate business continuity 
plan in the event of interruption 
arising from an IT systems failure.

The construction industry in Spain 

and other key markets of the 

Group have been particularly 

sensitive to the downturn in the 

economic climate which has led to 

a decline in the number of vehicles 

rented in recent years.

The Spanish business generates a 

large proportion of revenue from 

customers in the construction 

industry but is seeking to diversify 

its customer base across a range of 

market segments.

reduces debt levels.

An economic downturn also 

presents opportunities to increase 

rentals to customers wishing to 

benefit from the Group’s flexible 

renting solutions, either due to a 

lack of available finance or an 

unwillingness to commit to long 

term rental or outright purchase. 

No individual customer contributes 

more than five per cent of total 

revenue generated, and ongoing 

credit analysis is performed on new 

and existing customers to assess 

credit risk.

21

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Principal risks and uncertainties 

Corporate social responsibility

Our corporate 
responsibility

At Northgate we understand  
that we have a wider obligation  
to run our business in a responsible 
and sustainable way for all our 
stakeholders. We believe that 
supporting the communities in 
which we operate and providing  
a safe environment for our 
employees is integral to the overall 
performance of the Group. 

How we manage corporate 
responsibility 

Taking corporate responsibility  
and sustainability seriously is of the 
utmost importance to Northgate. 
Sound	and	robust	health	&	safety	
and	environmental	(HS&E)	
arrangements and risk controls 
therefore form a key part of the 
Group’s overall business strategy. 

The Group’s arrangements for  
HS&E	governance	and	management	
systems are monitored by the  
Audit and Risk Committee who 
have designated the Chief Executive 
as the person ultimately responsible 
for implementing best practice 
throughout the Group.

Common and consistent standards 
in accordance with legislative  
and best practice requirements are 
applied across all Group operations. 
Risk controls and procedures are 
continually assessed to ensure that 
everything is being done to meet 
the highest possible standards of 
HS&E	requirements	using	
comprehensive	and	robust	HS&E	
operating controls. 

Health & safety

Our	approach	to	health	&	safety	 
is simple: to ensure that no harm 
comes to anyone engaged 
with Northgate. 

We realise that excellence in  
health	&	safety	can	only	be	
achieved if it forms part of every 
individual’s responsibility within  
the	Group.	Our	‘Safe	&	Sound’	
initiative was rolled out this  
year to create an environment  
of openness and awareness, where 
all colleagues feel able to identify 
and raise concerns about working 
practices and conditions. The  
Group provides training for 
employees in a wide range of 
health	&	safety	disciplines,	most	of	
which is carried out internally by 
the	Group’s	HS&E	department,	
which in the UK is accredited by  
the British Safety Council. 

During the year the Group’s  
HS&E	department	carried	out	
formal audit reviews to measure 
performance	of	our	HS&E	
management system at all locations 

and where necessary identified 
improvements and subsequently 
monitored compliance. The  
main	objective	of	the	HS&E	
department is to ensure continuous 
improvement across the Group  
and provide pragmatic and practical 
solutions to the operational risks 
within the business to all levels  
of employees with a strong focus 
on behavioural safety and  
employee involvement. 

The	main	way	that	health	&	safety	
across the business is monitored is 
by the Accident Frequency Rate 
(AFR) during the course of our 
work. The AFR is calculated as the 
number of accidents reportable 
under the Reporting of Injuries, 
Diseases and Dangerous 
Occurences Regulations 1995 
(RIDDOR) per 100,000 employee 
hours worked. Although the 
legislation in Spain defines 
reportable accidents under different 
rules to the UK, the data reported is 
in line with RIDDOR.

The AFR’s during the current year 
are as follows:

2012

1.2
5.5

2.5

UK 
Spain 

Group 

Ethics

Northgate holds the highest  
levels of ethical standards and 
communicates this to all employees 
by way of the Group’s Code of 

Business Conduct, which covers the 
Bribery Act, competition, conflicts  
of interest, insider information, 
confidentiality, gifts and 
entertainment, discrimination, 
harassment and fair dealing with 
customers and suppliers.

In addition, the Group’s 
Whistleblowing Policy and 
Procedure enables every Group 
employee to have a voice and a 
means by which they may draw 
concerns to our attention.

Our employees

As a Group we value our  
employees as we understand  
that they are the key resource 
required to deliver the high levels  
of customer service that maintains 
our competitive advantage.  
At 30 April 2012 we had 2,800 
employees across the Group,  
1,900 in the UK and 900 in Spain. 

We recognise that our  
employees depend on us and  
we continually work on improving 
their engagement and motivation 
as the key to delivering high  
levels of customer service. Our  
employees are rewarded through  
a combination of competitive 
pay and incentive programmes 
which enable them to share in 
the progress towards the 
Group’s objectives. 

22

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Corporate social responsibility 

1

2

3

 
 
 
 
 
 
Our employees continued 

The Group’s policy is to recruit  
the best available people who  
are aligned with and embody our  
core values of professionalism, 
teamwork and can-do attitude  
and these values apply throughout 
the Group regardless of seniority  
of position.

Northgate is committed to  
equality, judging applications for 
employment neither by race, 
nationality, gender, age, disability, 
sexual orientation nor political bias.

Investing in the training and 
development of our workforce  
not only improves the quality and 
standard of our service delivery  
but enables a high level of retention 
and allows everyone to contribute 
to their full potential. Regular 
training programmes are operated 
and a suite of ’off-the-shelf’ 
training courses are now available 
to employees in the UK. 

In the UK, the company  
continues to work with two  
vehicle manufacturers to recruit 
apprentices. Over the past two 
years, 42 new workshop 
apprentices have been recruited, 
and it is planned to recruit a further 
30 in the financial year to April 
2013. A new colleague induction 
programme has also been 
introduced in the UK.

Regular communication with our 
employees is vital in ensuring that 
we all share in the common goals 
and values of the Group. Our 
intranet provides daily updates on 
the progress of the Group and is 
supplemented by ‘Driven’ our 
quarterly magazine. The Chief 
Executive also hosts quarterly 
briefing updates, with an invitation 
to all staff to directly raise any 
issues concerning them.

Environment

Northgate is committed to taking 
reasonable actions to minimise  
the risk of adverse impact on the 
environment from our business.  
We achieve this by adopting a set 
of environmental principles to 
promote and operate processes 
and procedures which avoid or 
minimise the contamination of 
water, air or the ground whilst 
maintaining a responsibility to 
manage those by-products and 
waste materials generated by our 
activities, particularly from our 
vehicle repair workshops.

During the year 100% of hazardous 
waste streams collected from 
vehicle repair workshops in the UK 
and 87% of hazardous waste 
streams collected from vehicle 
repair workshops in Spain were 
recycled. We continue to work 
closely with our waste management 
partners to improve waste 
management arrangements and 
performance across the Group. In 

the UK Northgate Plc were awarded 
the internationally recognised 
Environmental Standard ISO 14001 
during this period. The operating 
business in Spain also maintained 
its accreditation to ISO 14001 
Standard.

As at 30 April 2012, the UK 
business operated from a total of 
78 locations including 62 rental 
sites. The Spanish business operates 
from a total of 30 locations 
including 23 rental sites. The vast 
majority of these sites are located 
on industrial estates, so our 
activities have minimal impact on 
the local community of the areas in 
which we operate.

Our customers and 
suppliers

Northgate recognises the need  
to support our customers in 
managing a sustainable business. 
We work with our suppliers to 
make a fleet available to our 
customers comprised entirely  
of modern vehicles, achieving  
the highest levels of exhaust 
emission standards.

In Spain we are one of the first 
businesses to offer hire of electric 
vehicles to our customers and our 
vehicle monitoring systems in the 
UK have enabled certain customers 
to reduce fuel costs by up to 15% 
by reviewing the usage of their 
fleets and identifying training needs 
to educate employees on more fuel 
efficient driving methods.  

As at 30 April 2012 the UK fleet of 
52,900 vehicles had an average age 
of 21.4 months. The total fleet in 
Spain was 38,400 vehicles with an 
average age of 21.8 months. All 
vehicles purchased in the year 
ended 30 April 2012 met the latest 
Euro	V	standards.

Our community

We are a responsible  
employer, neighbour and member 
of the local community and 
therefore operate our business in  
a way that continuously improves 
our relationship with employees, 
customers, neighbours and the 
environment.

The Group is a sponsor of Brake, 
the road safety charity, and is a 
member of the British Safety 
Council and the Royal Society for 
the Prevention of Accidents 
(RoSPA). For the fourth successive 
year we received a Gold Award 
from RoSPA in recognition of the 
Group’s	HS&E	arrangements	in	 
the UK. Winning this prestigious 
award for four consecutive years 
underlines our commitment to 
corporate social responsibility.

1  All vehicles purchased in  
the year met the latest 
environmental Euro  
V	standards.

2  A bodyshop technician at our 

Valencia	site	in	Spain.

3	 Our	Safe	&	Sound	initiative	was	

rolled out this year to all 
employees in the UK.

4  These electric vehicles delivered 
to our airport management 
customer	in	Madrid	in	the	year	
form part of our electric vehicle 
fleet in Spain. 

23

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Corporate social responsibility 

44

Board of Directors

The Board is confident that the 
dedication and hard work shown 
by all our employees over the past 
two years provides the Group with a 
strong platform upon which to build. 

Bob Mackenzie ACA

Bob Contreras ACA 

Appointed Chief Executive on  
7 June 2010 having been Group 
Finance Director since June 2008 
when he joined the Group.  
A Chartered Accountant, Bob has 
held senior positions with Azlan 
Group plc, Damovo Group SA 
and	most	recently	with	Mölnlycke	
Healthcare Group. Age 49.

Appointed to the Board as 
Chairman in February 2010.  
Prior to his appointment, he was 
Chief Executive of Sea Containers 
Ltd, including the Chairmanship of 
its subsidiary GNER. He was until 
recently Chairman of  
Dometic Holdings AB, a Swedish 
based manufacturing company.   
He was previously Chairman of  
PHS Group plc and held senior 
executive board appointments with 
National Parking Corporation,  
BET plc, Storehouse plc and  
Hanson plc. He has also acted as 
a senior adviser to a number of 
private equity funds. He qualified 
as a Chartered Accountant with 
KPMG	in	1978.	Age	59.	

Left to right

Board committees

Bob Mackenzie ACA
Chairman

Bob Contreras ACA
Chief Executive

Chris Muir ACA
Group Finance Director

Andrew Allner FCA
Non-executive Director

Jan Astrand	MBA
Non-executive Director

Tom Brown	MBA	(Oxon),
MBA	IMD
Non-executive Director

Audit and Risk
•	 Andrew	Allner	(Chairman)
Jan	Astrand
•	
•	 Tom	Brown

Remuneration
•	 Tom	Brown	(Chairman)
•	 Andrew	Allner
Jan	Astrand
•	
•	 Bob	Mackenzie

Nominations
•	 Bob	Mackenzie	(Chairman)
•	 Andrew	Allner
•	
Jan	Astrand
•	 Tom	Brown

24

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Board of Directors 

Chris Muir ACA

Andrew Allner FCA 

Jan Astrand MBA 

Tom Brown MA	(Oxon),	MBA	IMD 

Appointed to the Board as Group 
Finance	Director	on	19	May	2011.	
Chris originally joined Northgate  
as Group Accountant in 2003, 
being appointed Group Financial 
Controller	in	March	2004	and	
UK	Finance	Director	in	May	
2006. Qualifying as a Chartered 
Accountant in 1999, Chris worked 
for Deloitte LLP from 1997 until 
2003, leaving as a manager.  
Chris has a first class honours 
degree in Economics and 
Accountancy from the University  
of Newcastle upon Tyne. Age 36.

Appointed to the Board as a  
non-executive Director in April 
2005 and appointed Senior 
Independent Director in June 2007. 
Tom is a Director of a number of 
private companies, and a member 
of the Economics Committee of the 
EEF.  He was previously Chairman 
of Chamberlin plc, Group Chief 
Executive of United Industries plc 
and	before	that	Group	Managing	
Director of Fenner plc. In all he has 
served on the boards of UK quoted 
companies for some 25 years, 
following executive roles with GKN 
plc and a period consulting with 
McKinsey	&	Co	Inc.	Age	63.

Appointed to the Board as a 
non-executive Director in February 
2001. Jan is also currently a non-
executive Director of Lavendon 
Group plc. A Swedish national, Jan 
was Chairman of CRC Group plc 
until January 2007. Prior to this, he 
was Chairman of Car Park Group 
AB in Stockholm and also Senior 
Independent Director of PHS  
Group Plc. From 1994 to 1999  
he was President and Chief 
Executive of Axus (International) 
Inc. (previously known as Hertz 
Leasing International). From 1989 
to	1994	he	was	Vice	President,	
Finance and Administration and 
Chief Financial Officer of Hertz 
(Europe) Ltd and before that he 
was Chief Financial Officer of 
Commodore International Ltd 
based in the US. Age 65.

Appointed to the Board as  
a non-executive Director and to 
the Chair of the Audit and Risk 
Committee in September 2007. 
Andrew is currently Chairman 
of	Marshalls	plc	and	also	Senior	
Independent Director and Chairman 
of the Audit Committee at AZ 
Electronic	Materials	SA	and	the	
Go-Ahead Group plc and serves 
as non-executive Director and 
Chairman of the Audit Committee 
at CSR plc. He was Group Finance 
Director	of	RHM	plc,	taking	a	lead	
role in its flotation in July 2005 
on the London Stock Exchange. 
Prior	to	joining	RHM	plc,	Andrew	
was CEO of Enodis plc and has 
served in senior executive positions 
with Dalgety plc, Amersham 
International plc and Guinness 
plc. He was also a non-executive 
director	of	Moss	Bros	Group	plc	
from 2001 to 2005. A graduate of 
Oxford University, he is a former 
partner of Price Waterhouse and 
is a Fellow of the Institute of 
Chartered Accountants in England 
and Wales. Age 58.

25

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Board of Directors 

Report of the Directors

The Directors present their report and the audited accounts for the year 
ended 30 April 2012.

The Directors are not aware of any agreements between the Company and 
its Directors or employees that provide for compensation for loss of office or 
employment that occurs because of a takeover bid.

Results

Profit for the year after taxation was £40,468,000 (2011 – £29,393,000).

Interests in shares

No interim dividend was paid on the Ordinary shares.

The Directors recommend the payment of a final dividend of 3.0p per 
share on the Ordinary shares. This dividend, if approved, will be paid on 
21 September 2012 to shareholders on the register at close of business on 
17 August 2012.

Principal activities and business review

The Company is an investment holding company.

The principal subsidiaries are listed in Note 18 to the accounts.

The information that fulfils the requirements of the Business Review, together 
with a description of the principal activities of the business, can be found in 
the Operational Review and Financial Review on pages 10 to 21, which are 
incorporated in this report by reference.

A description of the principal risks and uncertainties facing the Company and 
the Group is set out on pages 20 and 21 which are incorporated into this 
report by reference.

The following interests in the issued Ordinary share capital of the Company 
have been notified to the Company in accordance with the provisions of 
Chapter 5 of the Disclosure and Transparency Rules:

30 April 2012 

26 June 2012 

Standard Life Investments Limited

10,658,099 (8.00%)

10,852,029 (8.14%)

Aberforth Partners

7,481,552 (5.62%)

7,481,552 (5.62%)

Artemis	Investment	Management	Ltd

7,115,776 (5.34%)

7,115,776 (5.34%)

Blackrock Inc

6,730,413 (5.05%)

6,730,413 (5.05%)

Legal	&	General	Group	plc

6,698,272 (5.03%)

6,698,272 (5.03%)

Aviva plc

6,582,482 (4.94%)

6,672,204 (5.01%)

Henderson Global Investors Ltd

6,642,934 (4.99%)

6,665,585 (5.00%)

Royal	London	Asset	Management	Ltd

4,117,374 (3.09%)

4,117,374 (3.09%)

In addition to the above, Capital Group notified an indirect interest in 
4,149,068 Ordinary shares of 5p each in January 2008, then representing 
5.9% of the issued Ordinary share capital. As no later notification, post rights 
and consolidation has been received, it is assumed that Capital Group, as 
investment managers, still retains an interest of between 5% and 10% of the 
current issued Ordinary share capital.

Close company status

Directors

So far as the Directors are aware the close company provisions of the Income 
and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 do not apply to the Company.

Capital structure

Details of the issued share capital, together with details of any movements 
during the year are shown in Note 26. The Company has one class of 
Ordinary share which carries no right to fixed income. Each share carries the 
right to one vote at general meetings of the Company.

The cumulative Preference shares of 50p each entitle the holder to receive a 
cumulative preferential dividend at the rate of 5% on the paid up capital and 
the right to a return of capital at either winding up or a repayment of capital. 
The cumulative Preference shares do not entitle the holders to any further or 
other participation in the profits or assets of the Company.

The percentage of the issued nominal value of the Ordinary shares is 
99.255% of the total issued nominal value of all share capital.

There are no specific restrictions on the size of a holding nor on the transfer 
of shares, which are both governed by the general provisions of the Articles 
of Association (‘the Articles’) and prevailing legislation. The Directors are not 
aware of any agreements between holders of the Company’s shares that may 
result in restrictions on the transfer of securities or on voting rights.

Details of employee share schemes are set out in the Remuneration 
Report. Shares held by the Capita Trust are voted on the instructions of the 
employees on whose behalf they are held. Shares in the Guernsey Trust are 
voted at the discretion of the Trustees.

Details of the present Directors are listed on pages 24 and 25. All have served 
throughout	the	year	except	Chris	Muir	who	was	appointed	on	19	May	2011.	

Resolutions to re-appoint each of the Directors in office at the date of this 
report	will	be	proposed	at	the	Annual	General	Meeting.

The termination provisions in respect of executive Directors’ contracts are set 
out in the Remuneration Report on pages 28 to 32.

The following are the interests of the Directors who were in office at the end 
of the financial year in the share capital of the Company. All interests are 
beneficial.

AJ Allner
JG Astrand
THP Brown
RL Contreras
RD	Mackenzie
CJR	Muir

*On date of appointment.

Ordinary Shares
 of 50p each
30 April 2012

Ordinary Shares
 of 50p each 
1	May	2011

13,090
51,920
52,634
116,608
100,000
17,493

13,090
51,920
52,634
115,048
100,000

12,657*

No Director has an interest in the Preference shares of the Company.

No changes in the above interests have occurred between 30 April 2012 and 
the date of this report.

Details of options held by the Directors under the Company’s various share 
schemes are given in the Remuneration Report on pages 28 to 32.

No person has any special rights of control over the Company’s share capital 
and all issued shares are fully paid.

Directors’ indemnities

With regards to the appointment and replacement of Directors, the Company 
is governed by its Articles of Association, the UK Corporate Governance 
Code, the Companies Act and related legislation. The Articles themselves 
may be amended by special resolution of the shareholders. The powers of 
Directors are set out in the Articles.

As permitted by the Company’s Articles of Association, qualifying third party 
indemnities for each Director of the Company were in place throughout 
the year and remained in force as at the date of signing of this report. The 
Company’s Articles of Association are available on the Company’s website.

26

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Report of the Directors 

 
 
 
Donations

During the year the Group made charitable donations of £3,000  
(2011 – £5,000) principally to local charities serving the communities in  
which the Group operates.

No political donations were made.

Payment of suppliers

The Group’s policy is to pay suppliers within normal trading terms agreed 
with that supplier. The policy is made known to the staff who handle 
payments to suppliers. At 30 April 2012 the Group’s creditor days were as 
shown in Note 21 to the accounts.

Employee consultation

Employees are kept informed on matters affecting them as employees 
and on various issues affecting the performance of the Group through 
announcements on the Group’s intranet, to which all employees have 
access, formal and informal meetings at local level and direct written 
communications. All employees are eligible to participate on an equal basis in 
the Group’s share incentive plan, which has been running successfully since 
its inception in 2000.

Disabled employees

Applications for employment by disabled persons are given full consideration, 
taking into account the aptitudes of the applicant concerned. Every effort is 
made to try to ensure that employees who become disabled whilst already 
employed are able to continue in employment by making reasonable 
adjustments in the workplace, arranging appropriate training or providing 
suitable alternative employment. It is Group policy that the training, career 
development and promotion of disabled persons should, as far as possible, be 
the same as that of other employees. The Group’s equal opportunity policy is 
available on the Company’s website.

Remuneration report

As required by the Directors’ Remuneration Report Regulations 2002, the 
Remuneration Report, set out on pages 28 to 32, will be put to shareholders 
for	approval	at	the	Annual	General	Meeting.

Power to allot shares

The present authority of the Directors to allot shares was granted at the 
Annual	General	Meeting	held	in	September	2011	and	expires	at	the	
forthcoming	Annual	General	Meeting.	A	resolution	to	renew	that	authority	
for	a	period	expiring	at	the	conclusion	of	the	Annual	General	Meeting	to	be	
held	in	2013	will	be	proposed	at	the	Annual	General	Meeting.	The	authority	
will permit the Directors to allot up to an aggregate nominal amount of 
£22m of share capital which represents less than 33% of the present issued 
Ordinary share capital and is within the limits approved by the Investment 
Committees of the Association of British Insurers and the National Association 
of Pension Funds.

The Directors have no present intention of exercising such authority and no 
issue of shares which would effectively alter the control of the Company will 
be made without the prior approval of shareholders in general meeting.

A special resolution will be proposed to renew the authority of the Directors 
to allot Ordinary shares for cash other than to existing shareholders on a 
proportionate basis. The authority will be limited to an aggregate nominal 
amount of £3,330,000 representing approximately 5% of the current issued 
Ordinary share capital.

not issue shares for cash representing more than 7.5% of the Company’s 
issued share capital in any rolling three year period, other than to existing 
shareholders, without prior consultation with shareholders.

Length of notice of general meetings

The minimum notice period permitted by the Companies Act 2006 for 
general meetings of listed companies is 21 days, but the Act provides that 
companies	may	reduce	this	period	to	14	days	(other	than	for	AGMs)	provided	
that two conditions are met. The first condition is that the Company offers 
a facility for shareholders to vote by electronic means. This condition is met 
if the Company offers a facility, accessible to all shareholders, to appoint a 
proxy by means of a website. Please refer to Note 6 to the Notice of Annual 
General	Meeting	on	page	86	for	details	of	the	Company’s	arrangements	for	
electronic proxy appointment. The second condition is that there is an annual 
resolution of shareholders approving the reduction of the minimum notice 
period from 21 days to 14 days.

A resolution to approve 14 days as the minimum period of notice for all 
general	meetings	of	the	Company	other	than	AGMs	will	be	proposed	at	the	
Annual	General	Meeting.	The	approval	will	be	effective	until	the	Company’s	
next	AGM,	when	it	is	intended	that	the	approval	be	renewed.

It is the Board’s intention that this authority would not be used as a matter of 
routine, but only when merited by the circumstances of the meeting and in 
the best interests of shareholders.

Authority for the Company to purchase its own shares

The Directors propose to reinstate the general authority of the Company to 
make market purchases of its own shares to a total of 13,300,000 Ordinary 
shares (representing approximately 10% of the issued Ordinary share 
capital) and within the price constraints set out in the special resolution to be 
proposed	at	the	Annual	General	Meeting.

There is no present intention to make any purchase of own shares and, if 
granted, the authority would only be exercised if to do so would result in an 
improvement in earnings per share for remaining shareholders.

Financial instruments

Details of the Group’s use of financial instruments are given in the Financial 
Review on pages 18 and 19 and in Notes 23 and 39 to the accounts.

Auditor

In the case of each of the persons who are Directors of the Company at the 
date when this report was approved:

•	

•	

so far as each of the Directors is aware, there is no relevant audit 
information of which the Company’s auditor is unaware; and

each of the Directors has taken all the steps that he ought to have taken 
as a Director to make himself aware of any relevant audit information 
(as defined) and to establish that the Company’s auditor is aware of that 
information.

This confirmation is given and should be interpreted in accordance with the 
provisions of s418 Companies Act 2006.

A resolution for the re-appointment of Deloitte LLP as auditor of the 
Company	will	be	proposed	at	the	forthcoming	Annual	General	Meeting.	This	
proposal is supported by the Audit and Risk Committee.

By order of the Board 

The Directors have no present intention of exercising this authority and 
confirm their intention to follow the provisions of the Pre-emption Group’s 
Statement of Principles regarding cumulative use of such authorities within 
a rolling three year period. The Principles provide that companies should 

D Henderson 
Secretary

26 June 2012

27

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Report of the Directors 

 
Remuneration report

The Remuneration Committee has written terms of reference which are 
available	on	the	Company's	website.	Membership	of	the	Committee	is	shown	
on page 24.

The Committee is responsible for making recommendations to the Board 
on the remuneration packages and terms and conditions of employment of 
the Chairman, the executive Directors of the Company and of the Company 
Secretary. The Committee also reviews remuneration policy generally 
throughout the Group. The Committee consults with the Chief Executive who 
may be invited to attend meetings. The Company Secretary is secretary to the 
Committee. Neither the Chief Executive nor the Company Secretary take part 
in discussions relating to their own remuneration.

The senior executives below Board level, both in the UK and Spain, also 
have a significant influence on the ability of the Company to achieve its 
goals. Accordingly, in addition to setting the remuneration of the executive 
Directors, the Committee also reviews the remuneration for these senior 
employees, to ensure that rewards are competitive with the market and that 
they are appropriate relative to the Board and to the remaining employees.

The Committee has access to external independent advice on matters relating 
to remuneration. During the year the Committee took advice from New 
Bridge Street (NBS) (an Aon plc company) on remuneration matters and share 
scheme implementation. NBS is appointed by the Committee. Neither NBS 
nor any other Aon plc company undertakes other work for the Company or 
the Group. The terms of engagement between the Committee and NBS are 
available on request from the Company Secretary.

Remuneration policy

The Committee aims to ensure that executive Directors are fairly and 
competitively rewarded for their individual contributions by means of basic 
salary, benefits in kind and pension benefits. High levels of performance are 
recognised by annual bonuses and the motivation to achieve the maximum 
benefit for shareholders in the future is provided by the allocation of long 
term share incentives. Only basic salary is pensionable.

The Committee believes that its current policy of applying greater weighting 
to the variable elements of executive remuneration continues to be 
appropriate for the business going forward and, in incentivising the longer 
term performance of the Company, provides greater alignment with the 
interests of shareholders.

Following further restructuring of the business in the UK (see Operational 
Review on pages 10 to 15), the Committee has endorsed the implementation 
of a common grading structure for all levels of management and staff below 
the main board, with defined and consistent pay and benefits, which provides 
a rational approach to remuneration. This will aid the Committee in ensuring 
that there is a proper balance across the Group, especially when conducting 
the annual salary review. 

In line with the Association of British Insurers’ Guidelines on Responsible 
Investment Disclosure, the Committee will seek to ensure that the incentive 

structure for executive Directors and senior management will not raise 
environmental, social or governance (ESG) risks by inadvertently motivating 
irresponsible	behaviour.	More	generally,	with	regard	to	the	overall	
remuneration structure, there is no restriction on the Committee which 
prevents it from taking into account ESG matters.

The Committee has been following the proposals and recommendations of 
the Department for Business Innovation and Skills on executive remuneration 
and will consider their implications for the Company during the course of the 
year.

Service contracts

The executive Directors have rolling service contracts, which may be 
terminated by 12 months’ notice from the Company or by six months‘ notice 
from the Director. The dates of the contracts are:

RL Contreras
CJR	Muir

27	May	2011
19	May	2011

In the event of early termination of an executive Director’s service contract, 
compensation of up to the equivalent of one year’s basic salary and benefits 
may be payable. There is no contractual entitlement to compensation 
beyond this. Directors have a duty to make reasonable efforts to mitigate 
any loss arising from such termination and the Committee will have regard 
to that duty on a case by case basis when assessing the appropriate level of 
compensation which may be payable. It is also the Board’s policy that where 
compensation on early termination is due, in appropriate circumstances it 
should be paid on a phased basis.

Basic salaries

In accordance with the Company’s policy of paying lower basic salaries 
coupled with higher incentives, the current basic salaries paid to the executive 
Directors are as follows:

RL Contreras
CJR	Muir

£375,000
£200,000

Basic salaries are normally reviewed annually taking into account the 
performance of the individual, changes in responsibilities, market trends and 
pay and employment conditions elsewhere in the Group.

In line with the majority of management and staff in both the UK and Spain, 
Bob Contreras has received no increase in basic pay this year.

On	his	appointment	in	May	2011,	Chris	Muir’s	salary	was	set	significantly	
below market level. In recognition of this and of his performance in the role 
to date, his basic salary has therefore been increased by 14% from £175,000 
to	£200,000	with	effect	from	1	May	2012.	This	increase	has	moved	him	
partially towards the market rate. Subject to performance, further increases 
may be made in subsequent years. 

28

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Remuneration report 

 
Total remuneration

The chart below shows the balance between fixed and variable performance 
based	pay	for	Bob	Contreras	and	Chris	Muir	for	the	year	ended	30	April	2012	
and projections for the year ending 30 April 2013.

For 2012 an expected value of 55% of the face value has been used in 
respect of the performance shares awarded in that year.

Total reward for 2013 can only be estimated, because the actual value of 
the cash and deferred bonus will not be known until the end of the relevant 
performance period. A target level of bonus of 50% of the maximum and 
an expected value of 55% of the face value has been used in respect of 
performance shares and 100% of the face value in respect of deferred bonus 
shares.

For the year ending 30 April 2013, on target performance has been assumed 
for the annual bonus scheme.

The original dates of appointment to the Board and of their current letters of 
appointment are:

RD	Mackenzie
AJ Allner
JG Astrand
THP Brown

Date of appointment

Letter of appointment

5 February 2010
26 September 2007
13 February 2001
13 April 2005

4 February 2010
22 June 2011
22 June 2011
22 June 2011

The current fees paid to the non-executive Directors are shown below:

RD	Mackenzie
AJ Allner
JG Astrand
THP Brown 

Chairman
Chairman of Audit and Risk Committee
Non-executive Director
Senior Independent Director and 
Chairman of Remuneration Committee

£160,000
£60,000†
£50,000

£68,000*

RL Contreras 

2012 

2013 

375 

375 

96   94  94 

309

96 

165

165

309

*  Including £8,000 in respect of his Chairmanship of the Remuneration Committee and £10,000 as Senior 

†  Including £10,000 in respect of his Chairmanship of the Audit and Risk Committee.

Independent Director.

CJR Muir 

2012 

175  52  

77 77

144

2013 

200 

56 50 50

  165

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

Base salary
Pension & benefits
Annual bonus – cash
Annual bonus – deferred shares
Performance Shares

For	comparison	purposes,	Chris	Muir’s	remuneration	for	2012	has	been	
assumed to be for a full year.

External appointments

The Board recognises that executive Directors may be invited to become 
non-executive Directors of other companies and that such appointments 
can broaden their knowledge and experience, to the benefit of the Group. 
Provided that it does not impact on their executive duties, Directors are 
generally allowed to accept one such appointment. As the purpose of seeking 
such positions is self-education rather than financial reward, any resulting fees 
would normally be expected to be paid to the Company as compensation for 
the time commitment involved. No such external appointments are currently 
held.

Pension schemes

Throughout the year all pension arrangements (other than the Willhire 
Pension Scheme – see Note 38 of the accounts) operated by the Group were 
defined contribution type schemes. The executive Directors receive a pension 
contribution of 18% of salary.

Non-executive directors

The remuneration of the non-executive Directors (other than the Chairman) is 
determined by the Board as a whole, within the overall limit set by the Articles 
of Association. Non-executive Directors are not eligible for performance 
related payments nor may they participate in the Company’s share incentive 
or pension schemes. Non-executive Directors do not have contracts of service 
with the Company and their appointments are terminable without notice. 

No fees were increased on review this year. The fee structure for non-
executive Directors reflects the time commitment and responsibility for 
carrying out non-executive duties. Fees are set taking into account market 
practice for similar roles in companies of a comparable size.

Performance graph

As	required	by	Schedule	8	of	the	Large	and	Medium-sized	Companies	and	
Groups (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008, the graph below illustrates 
the performance of Northgate plc measured by Total Shareholder Return 
(share price growth plus dividends paid) against a ‘broad equity market 
index’ over the last five years. As the Company has been a constituent of the 
FTSE 250 index for the majority of the last five years, that index (excluding 
investment companies) is considered to be the most appropriate benchmark. 
The mid-market price of the Company’s Ordinary shares at 30 April 2012 was 
199p (30 April 2011 – 342p). The range during the year was 190p to 342p.

Total shareholder return

)

£

(

e
u
a
V

l

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

30-Apr-07

30-Apr-08

30-Apr-09

30-Apr-10

30-Apr-11

30-Apr-12

Northgate plc
FTSE 250 (Excl. Inv. Trusts) Index

Source: Thomson Reuters

This graph shows the value, by the 30 April 2012, of £100 invested in 
Northgate on 30 April 2007 compared with that of £100 invested in the 
FTSE 250 (excl. Inv. Trusts) Index. The other points plotted are the values at 
intervening financial year ends.

29

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Remuneration report 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Remuneration Report continued

The following parts of this report have been audited:

Pension contributions**

RD	Mackenzie
AJ Allner
JG Astrand
THP Brown
RL Contreras
CJR	Muir***
PJ Tallentire

Total emoluments excluding 
pension contributions

Total pension contributions

Salary/ 
fees
£000

160
60
50
68
375
166
–

879

– 

Bonus
£000

Benefits*
£000

–
–
–
–
330
154
–

484

–

–
–
–
–
61
19
–

80

–

Total 
2012
£000

160
60
50
68
766
339
–

Total 
2011
£000

183
46
39
45
753
–
526

1,443

–

1,592

–

2012
£000

–
–
–
–
35
30
–

–

65

2011
£000

–
–
–
–
24
–
7

–

31

*   These benefits include: company car, private medical insurance, permanent health insurance, life assurance and payments in lieu of pension contributions.
**  All contributions are to a defined contribution type scheme.
***	From	19	May	2011

In addition to the fees shown above, paid in respect of his office as a Director 
of the Company, Jan Astrand also received fees of €129,600 (2011 - €Nil) 
in respect of his consultancy work in Spain referred to in the Corporate 
Governance Report on pages 34 and 35.

Share incentive plans

The Group currently operates three share-based incentive schemes. Directors 
participate in the Executive Performance Share Plan (EPSP) and Deferred 
Annual Bonus Plan (DABP), and below the Board other executives participate 
in	the	Management	Performance	Share	Plan	(MPSP)	and	DABP.	No	executive	
participates in all three schemes. Expressed in face value terms, this effectively 
provides Directors with a cap of 200% of basic salary for share awards each 
year (150% under the EPSP and 50% under the DABP).

In line with current best practice guidelines, the Committee has introduced 
clawback provisions into the rules of all three schemes which can be invoked 
in the event of financial mis-statement or fraud and which apply to all awards 
made from 2010 onwards.

mid-market price on 27 June 2012, being the date of the preliminary results 
announcement.

The bonus for the executive Directors in respect of the year ending 30 April 
2013 will comprise three elements reflecting the Group’s near term priorities:
1.	 	UK	Marginal	Contribution	(MC).	MC	is	defined	as	all	revenue	except	from	
the sale of used vehicles, less the depreciation charge on hire vehicles. 
A	UK	MC	of	£192,524k	pays	zero	bonus,	£199,767k	pays	one	third	of	
annual salary, with a straight line in between.

2.   Spain. Performance to be measured against personal targets tailored to 
the particular situation in that country, with a maximum bonus of one 
third of annual salary.

3.   Group ROCE. 13.1% pays zero bonus, 14.4% pays one third of annual 

salary, with a straight line in between.

No element of bonus will be paid unless Group operating profit is at least 
95% of the Group operating profit for the year ending 30 April 2013, 
included within the Group’s three year rolling business plan (‘the business 
plan’).

Awards held by Directors during the year are shown in the table on page 31.

Executive performance share plan

Deferred annual bonus plan

The DABP was introduced in 2003 for executive Directors and senior and 
middle management. Part of the bonus is delivered in cash and part in the 
form of deferred shares awarded following the announcement of the Group’s 
full year results. The total maximum potential bonus (cash and shares) which 
may be achieved by each executive Director is 100% of basic salary earned 
in the financial year. 50% of the total bonus actually earned is paid in cash 
and 50% is deferred as shares. The level of bonus payable for 'on-target' 
performance is 50% of salary.

The deferred shares may be received by the employee after three years 
and are subject to forfeiture if the employee chooses to leave during that 
time. This provides a strong retention mechanism and has the motivational 
benefits of certainty and clarity for the employee. During the retention period, 
executives continue to have an incentive to influence the share price so as to 
maximise the value on release.

Awards over 592,839 deferred shares awarded to 72 executives were 
outstanding at 30 April 2012.

In respect of the year ended 30 April 2012, bonuses for the two executive 
Directors were calculated based on a matrix of net debt (range £494m 
to £463m) and ROCE (range 12.77% to 13.50%). These measures were 
representative of the Group’s strategic priorities of strengthening the 
balance sheet and improving operating efficiencies. The net debt and 
ROCE achievements result in bonuses equating to 88% of the maximum. 
50% of the bonus will be paid in cash and 50% in deferred shares. The 
number of shares to be awarded will be calculated based on the closing 

Currently only executive Directors participate in the EPSP with other 
executives	participating	in	the	MPSP	(see	below).	Awards	under	the	EPSP	
vest after three years subject to continued employment and the satisfaction 
of challenging performance targets. In line with the Committee’s policy of 
placing greater emphasis on variable pay than on base salaries, grants are 
currently being made at 150% of salary face value, being the maximum 
permitted under the rules. Consistent with the approach used in recent years, 
the performance targets applying to the grants to be made in 2012 will be 
a mixture of underlying EPS and return on capital employed. 50% of the 
award will apply to each measure to closely reflect the importance the Board 
places on balance sheet management. 25% of each part of the award will 
vest for achieving a threshold performance target increasing to full vesting for 
achieving a stretch performance target. The Committee considers that EPS 
and ROCE are the most appropriate performance measures for the EPSP since 
they incentivise the executives to both improve the earnings profile of the 
Group and manage balance sheet efficiency (important for a capital intensive 
business), both of which should flow through to superior returns to its 
shareholders. Currently EPS targets are set for the third year of the three year 
performance period and ROCE targets are set for the average of the three 
years of the performance period.

The relevant targets are:

2009 award
2010 award
2011 award
2012 award†

EPS in 3rd Year

ROCE average over 3 years

Threshold

Stretch

Threshold

Stretch

18.30p
31.45p
38.50p
CPI +3%

21.00p
37.00p
47.20p
CPI +11%

8.70%
10.20%
13.50%
13.75%

10.40%
12.00%
13.85%
14.41%

† 

 The EPS targets will be calculated by applying the compound annual growth to the 2012 actual EPS of 31.5p

The performance targets for the 2009 award were achieved in full.

30

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Remuneration report 

 
 
 
Directors’ interests in share awards

At 1 May
2011

 Number
granted

Market 
price at
grant p

 Number
exercised

 Date of 
exercise

Exercise
price p

Share price
on date of 
exercise p

Gross gain 
on exercise
£

 Number  At 30 April
2012

lapsed

Normally
exercisable

Executive performance share plan

RL Contreras

49,313

130,952

302,593

–

–

–

–

171,546

482,858

171,546

267.5

157.5

173.5

327.9

CJR	Muir

–

80,054

327.9

482,858

251,600

Management performance share plan

CJR	Muir

3,360*

9,602*

28,571*

25,936*

67,469*

706.0

292.0

157.5

173.5

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

49,313

–

–

–

–

130,952

302,593

171,546

49,313

605,091

Sep 2011

Oct 2012

Aug 2013

Jul 2014 – Jul 2021 

–

80,054

Jul 2014 – Jul 2021

49,313

685,145

3,360

–

–

2,318

–

9,602

28,571

23,618

5,678

61,791

Jul 2011

Jul 2012

Oct 2012

Jul 2013

Deferred annual bonus plan 
Following changes made to the Rules of the DABP by the Committee, awards can now be granted in two forms: (i) a nil cost option over a number of shares (a 'Deferred Award') or (ii) a nil cost option over 
a	fixed	value	of	shares	(a	'Linked	Deferred	Award')	granted	in	association	with	a	HMRC	Approved	Option	(an	'Option').

The value of a Linked Deferred Award is capped at the value required in respect of the exercise price of the associated Option.  When calculating the maximum value of the shares under a Linked Deferred 
Award that may be granted under such award the value of the shares under the associated Option is not counted.  All DABP awards ordinarily become exercisable on the third anniversary of their grant. 
Related Linked Deferred Awards and Options must be exercised at the same time unless the Option has been waived.  In the table below, the awards made during the year were made under the revised 
Rules.

RL Contreras

29,719

–

CJR	Muir

9,149
(with capped
value of
£30,000)1

9,1492

44,2203

–

–

–

29,719

53,369

3,274*

15,873*

9,337*

–

–

–

7,295
(with capped
value of
£23,920)1

7,2952

–

–

28,484

7,295

58,203

60,664

–

–

327.9

–

–

–

–

–

327.9

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

325.5

10,657

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

3,274

12.07.11

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

3,274

3,274

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

29,719

Aug 2013 – Aug 2015

9,149
(with capped
value of
£30,000)

9,149

44,220

83,088

Aug 2014 – Aug 2021

Aug 2014 – Aug 2021

Aug 2014 – Aug 2021

–

Jul 2011 – Jul 2013

15,873

9,337

Oct 2012 – Oct 2014

Aug 2013 – Aug 2015

7,295
(with capped
value of
£23,920)

Aug 2014 – Aug 2021

7,295

Aug 2014 – Aug 2021

32,505

115,593

 These awards were made prior to his appointment to the Board

* 
1  Linked Deferred Award
2  Option associated with the relevant Linked Deferred Award
3  Deferred Award

Management performance share plan

The	MPSP	is	designed	to	reward	achievement	of,	and	individual	contribution	
to,	the	business	plan.	The	MPSP	operates	only	for	executives	below	Board	
level.

Participants receive a conditional award of free shares which will vest after 
three years subject to achievement of performance conditions and continued 
employment during the vesting period. The maximum award in any financial 
year is capped at 100% of salary. Awards do not normally exceed 50% of 
salary.

The Committee believes that the most appropriate measure of performance 
against the business plan is one based on divisional earnings before interest 
or tax or Group profit before tax, as relevant to the individual. The Committee 
has discretion to alter the performance targets to take account of any 
significant event occurring after the grant of an award but prior to vesting.

There is an overriding condition that no part of an award can vest if there has 
been a decrease in profit before tax compared to the prior year.

31

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Remuneration report 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Remuneration Report continued

The	position	as	at	30	April	2012	with	regard	to	awards	made	under	the	MPSP	is	as	follows:

2008

2009

2010

2011

Total

Original award of shares adjusted as appropriate for 
rights issue and consolidation
Lapsed
Early vesting

Remaining subject to performance

The above awards are held by 40 executives, including 14 in Spain.

283,486
218,672
–

64,814

872,638
313,078
148,577

410,983

604,664
89,083
8,538

507,043

362,372
24,670
–

337,702

2,123,160
645,503
157,115

1,320,542

All employee share scheme

Sourcing of shares and dilution

The	All	Employee	Share	Scheme	('the	AESS'),	which	is	approved	by	HM	
Revenue and Customs under Schedule 8 Finance Act 2000, was introduced in 
2000 to provide employees at all levels with the opportunity to acquire shares 
in the Company on preferential terms. The Board believes that encouraging 
wider share ownership by all staff will have longer term benefits for the 
Company and for shareholders. The AESS operates under a trust deed, the 
Trustees being Capita IRG Trustees Limited ('the Capita Trust').

To participate in the AESS, which operates on a yearly cycle, employees are 
required to make regular monthly savings (on which tax relief is obtained), by 
deduction from pay, for a year at the end of which these payments are used 
to buy shares in the Company ('Partnership shares').

For each Partnership share acquired, the employee will receive one additional 
free	share	('Matching	shares').	Matching	shares	will	normally	be	forfeited	if,	
within three years of acquiring the Partnership shares, the employee either 
sells the Partnership shares or leaves the Group. After this three year period 
Partnership	and	Matching	shares	may	be	sold,	although	there	are	significant	
tax incentives to continue holding the shares in the scheme for a further 
two years. Those employees who are most committed to the Company will 
therefore receive the most benefit.

The eleventh annual cycle ended in December 2011 and resulted in 343 
employees acquiring 167,499 Partnership shares at 192p each and being 
allocated	the	same	number	of	Matching	shares.	As	at	30	April	2012	the	
Capita Trust held 1,305,864 50p Ordinary shares that have been allocated to 
employees from the first eleven cycles.

The twelfth annual cycle started in January 2012 and currently some 350 
employees are making contributions to the scheme at an annualised rate of 
£315,000.

Share ownership guidelines

The executive Directors of the Company are expected to comply with 
Share Ownership Guidelines. Broadly, these require executive Directors to 
accumulate, over a period of five years from the date of appointment, a 
holding of Ordinary shares of the Company equivalent in value to their basic 
annual salary, measured annually. It is intended that this should be achieved 
primarily through the exercise and vesting of share incentive awards and that 
directors are not required to go into the market to purchase shares, although 
any shares so acquired would count towards meeting the guidelines.

As at 30 April 2012, the value of Bob Contreras’ shareholding expressed as a 
percentage	of	his	basic	salary	on	that	date	was	62%	and	of	Chris	Muir,	20%.

Shares to satisfy the requirements of the Group’s existing share schemes are 
currently sourced as follows:

DABP and MPSP
To date, awards under these two schemes have been satisfied through open 
market purchases by an employee benefit trust based in Guernsey ('the 
Guernsey Trust'). During the year 300,000 (2011 – 550,000) Ordinary shares 
were purchased by the Guernsey Trust and 254,717 (2011 – 149,243) were 
used	to	satisfy	the	exercise	of	awards	under	the	DABP	and	MPSP.	At	30	April	
2012 the Guernsey Trust held 265,868 (2011 – 478,758) Ordinary shares as a 
hedge against the Group’s obligations under these schemes.

The rules of both these schemes were amended last year to also allow new 
issue and treasury shares to be used to satisfy the vesting and exercise of 
awards, but to date the Board have chosen not to do so.

EPSP
Shares to satisfy the vesting of awards under the EPSP may be sourced either 
from new issue or through open market purchases. No shares have yet vested 
from this scheme.

AESS
Awards may be satisfied either by new issue or market purchase or by a 
combination of the two. The total number of shares required to satisfy the 
allocation made in January 2012 was 334,998 (2011 – 345,534) of which 
258,173 were transferred from the Guernsey Trust, with the balance of 
76,825 (2011 – 62,449) being shares already held by the Capita Trust from 
forfeitures during the year. 

At 30 April 2012 the Capita Trust held 23,715 (2011 – 38,964) Ordinary 
shares which had been forfeited as a result of early withdrawals post January 
2012.

Overall plan limits

All the above schemes operate within the following limits:

In any 10 calendar year period, the Company may not issue (or grant rights to 
issue) more than: 

a) 

10% of the issued Ordinary share capital under all the share plans; and

b) 

 5% of the issued Ordinary share capital under the executive share plans 
(EPSP,	DABP	and	MPSP).

The	dilution	position	as	at	30	April	2012	was	2.16%	under	the	EPSP,	MPSP	
and DABP and 2.63% under the AESS.

Tom Brown 
Chairman of the Remuneration Committee

26 June 2012

32

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Remuneration report 

 
  
Report of the audit and risk committee

Role

The Audit and Risk Committee is appointed by, and reports to, the Board.

The Committee’s terms of reference, which include all matters referred to 
in the UK Corporate Governance Code ('the Code'), are reviewed annually 
by the Committee and are available on the Company’s website. In summary 
these include:

•	

•	

reviewed a report on completeness of income;

reviewed the Group’s depreciation policy and agreed a change in the 
rates	applicable	to	the	UK	vehicles	for	hire	from	1	May	2012;

•	

reviewed the Group’s corporate taxation arrangements;

•	 monitored and reviewed the activities of the Group’s internal audit 

department;

•	 monitoring the integrity of financial reporting, reviewing the Group’s 
internal controls and risk management systems, monitoring the 
effectiveness of the Group’s internal audit function;

•	

reviewed a report on impairment;

•	 monitored the Group’s going concern status;

•	 making recommendations to the Board regarding the appointment 
of the external auditor and approving its remuneration and terms of 
engagement;

•	

•	

reviewed the Group’s Eurozone contingency planning measures; and

reviewed its own effectiveness and terms of reference.

•	 monitoring the independence and objectivity of the external auditor 
and developing a policy for the provision of non-audit services by the 
external auditor; 

•	 monitoring the audit process and any issues arising therefrom; and

•	

all aspects of Group risk.

Membership

The members of the Committee, who are all non-executive Directors of the 
Company, are:

  Date of appointment

Qualification

AJ Allner (Chairman)
JG Astrand
THP Brown

26 September 2007
6 June 2001
8 June 2005

FCA
MBA
MA	(Oxon),	MBA	IMD

The Code requires that at least one member of the Committee should 
have recent and relevant financial experience: currently, the Chairman of 
the Committee fulfils this requirement. All members of the Committee are 
expected to be financially literate.

Whereas Andrew Allner and Tom Brown are considered to be independent, 
as is stated in the report on Corporate Governance on pages 34 and 35, Jan 
Astrand is not currently considered to be independent in terms of the Code.

Meetings

The Committee is required to meet at least three times a year. Details of 
attendance at meetings held in the year ended 30 April 2012 are given on 
page 34.

Due to the cyclical nature of its agenda, which is linked to events in the 
Group’s financial calendar, the Committee will generally meet four times a 
year. The other Directors, together with the head of internal audit and the 
external auditor, are normally invited to attend all meetings.

Activity

Since	May	2011,	the	Committee	has:

•	

reviewed the financial statements for the years ended 30 April 2011 
and 2012, the half yearly report issued in December 2011 and Interim 
Management	Statements	issued	in	September	2011	and	March	2012.	
As part of this review process, the Committee received reports from 
Deloitte LLP on the full and half year results;

•	

reviewed and agreed the scope of the audit work to be undertaken by 
Deloitte LLP and agreed their fees;

•	 monitored the Group’s risk management process and business 

continuity procedures;

•	

•	

reviewed the effectiveness of the Group’s system of internal controls;

reviewed the Group’s whistle blowing procedures;

External auditor

The Board’s policy on non-audit services provided by the external auditor, 
developed and recommended by the Committee, is:

•	

•	

Tax compliance and other audit related work (including in particular 
Corporation Tax): this is work that, in its capacity as auditor, it is best 
placed to carry out and will generally be asked to do so. Nevertheless, 
where appropriate, it will be asked for a fee quote; and

Tax advisory and other non-audit related and general consultancy 
work: this type of work will either be placed on the basis of the lowest 
fee quote or to consultants who are felt to be best able to provide the 
expertise and working relationship required. In certain instances, such as 
the appointment of consultants to provide external advice and support 
to the internal audit department, the auditor will not be invited to 
compete for the work.

During the year, the Committee reviewed and was satisfied as to the 
effectiveness and independence of the external auditor, including conducting 
one-to-one meetings with the audit partner.

Consequently, the Committee has recommended to the Board the 
reappointment	of	Deloitte	LLP	at	the	Annual	General	Meeting.

Fees paid and payable to Deloitte LLP in respect of the year under review are 
as shown in Note 6 on page 51.

Internal audit

In fulfilling its duty to monitor the effectiveness of the internal audit function, 
the Committee has:

•	

•	

•	

•	

reviewed the adequacy of the resources of the internal audit department 
for both the UK and Spain;

ensured that the head of internal audit has direct access to the 
Chairman of the Board and to all members of the Committee;

conducted a one-to-one meeting with the head of internal audit, 
approved the internal audit programme, and reviewed half-yearly 
reports by the head of internal audit;

approved, post year end, the appointment of a new head of internal 
audit in order to strengthen this function.

The Chairman of the Committee will be available at the Annual General 
Meeting	to	answer	any	questions	about	the	work	of	the	Committee.

Andrew Allner
Chairman of the Audit and Risk Committee

26 June 2012

33

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Report of the audit and risk committee 

 
Corporate governance

UK Listed Companies are required by the Financial Services Authority (the 
designated UK Listing Authority) to include a statement in their annual 
accounts on compliance with the principles of good corporate governance 
and code of best practice set out in the UK Corporate Governance Code (‘the 
Code’).

The provisions of the Code applicable to listed companies are divided into 
four parts, as set out below:

1  Directors

The business of the Company is managed by the Board of Directors, currently 
comprising two executive and four non-executive Directors, details of whom 
are shown on pages 24 and 25.

The offices of the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer are separate. The 
division of their responsibilities has been set out in writing, approved by the 
Board and is available on the Company’s website.

The Board meets regularly to review trading results and has responsibility 
for the major areas of Group strategy, the annual Business Plan, financial 
reporting to and relationships with shareholders, dividend policy, internal 
financial and other controls, financing and treasury policy, insurance policy, 
major capital expenditure, acquisitions and disposals, Board structure, 
remuneration policy, corporate governance and compliance.

The Chairman ensures that all Directors are properly briefed to enable them 
to discharge their duties. In particular, detailed management accounts are 
prepared and copies sent to all Board members every month and, in advance 
of each Board meeting, appropriate documentation on all items to be 
discussed is circulated.

Directors’ attendance at Board and Committee meetings during the year is 
detailed below.

Board

Audit and risk

Remuneration

No. of Meetings

RD	Mackenzie
AJ Allner
JG Astrand
THP Brown
RL Contreras
CJR	Muir

9

9
9
9
8
9
9

4

–
4
4
4
–
–

5

5
5
5
5
–
–

All Directors in office at that time were present at the Annual General 
Meeting	held	in	September	2011.

The external auditor attended all Audit and Risk Committee meetings. The 
head of internal audit attended three meetings.

Before appointment, non-executive Directors are required to assure the Board 
that they can give the time commitment necessary to properly fulfill their 
duties, both in terms of availability to attend meetings and discuss matters on 
the telephone and meeting preparation time.

In accordance with the provisions of the Code, resolutions to re-appoint all 
Directors	currently	in	office	will	be	proposed	at	the	Annual	General	Meeting.	

During the year, Jan Astrand, who was first appointed to the Board in 
February 2001, was appointed as non-executive Chairman of the Board of 
our Spanish subsidiary, Northgate España Renting Flexible S.A., in order to 
reintroduce direct representation on that Board. It is a role for which Jan is 
ideally suited, as he is permanently resident in Spain and fluent in Spanish. 
The appointment is for an initial term of one year from December 2011. He 
receives no additional remuneration for this appointment.

In addition, he was asked and agreed to undertake a project to implement a 
margin improvement programme in Spain focusing on certain key areas of 
the business where he would be able to draw on his extensive knowledge of 
the business in the UK. This project commenced in November 2011 and Jan’s 

involvement is expected to last for one year. He is being remunerated on a 
consultancy basis for this work. Details of the fees paid in the year are shown 
in Note 40 on page 82.

The Board considers that both the above appointments are in the best 
interests of the Company and of the shareholders and, whilst Jan cannot 
be considered to be independent in terms of the Code or by the National 
Association of Pension Funds, the Board is satisfied that they do not affect his 
independence of judgment when carrying out his duties as a Director of the 
Company.

The Board has established a Nominations Committee, which is chaired by Bob 
Mackenzie.	All	the	non-executive	Directors	are	members.	Its	main	function	
is to lead the process for Board appointments by selecting and proposing to 
the Board suitable candidates of appropriate calibre. The Committee would 
normally expect to use the services of professional consultants to help in the 
search for candidates.

The Committee has written terms of reference which are available on the 
Company’s website.

The Committee met formally on one occasion during the year.

During the year, the Chairman led an evaluation process of the performance 
of individual Directors, of the Board as a whole and of its committees. The 
process consisted of a formal and detailed questionnaire completed by each 
Director, one-to-one meetings with the Chairman and a Board discussion. 
Having conducted this evaluation, the Chairman remains of the view that 
each individual Director’s performance continues to be effective and each 
demonstrates commitment to the role. In addition the non-executive 
Directors, led by the Senior Independent Director, have reviewed the 
performance of the Chairman, taking into account the views of the executive 
Directors.

Pursuant to those provisions of the Companies Act 2006 relating to conflicts 
of interest and in accordance with the authority contained in the Company’s 
Articles of Association, the Board has put in place procedures to deal with the 
notification, authorisation, recording and monitoring of Directors’ conflicts of 
interest and these procedures have operated effectively throughout the year 
and to the date of signing of this report and accounts.

Diversity
The Board has considered the recommendations of the Davies Review 
into Women on Boards in the light of the provisions of both section B.2 of 
the Code, with which we are compliant, and of our existing policies and 
procedures. The Board recognises the benefits of diversity at all levels of the 
business and in order to reinforce the Board’s commitment to equality, we 
have recently endorsed a new Equal Opportunities Policy (which may be 
found on our website). Whilst the overriding criteria for Board appointments 
will always be based on merit, so as to encourage an appropriate balance 
of skills, experience and knowledge on the Board at all times, for all future 
appointments we will only use executive search firms who have committed 
to	the	Voluntary	Code	of	Conduct	on	gender	diversity.	At	the	same	time	
the Board recognises that, particularly given the nature of its business, the 
development of a pool of suitably qualified candidates may take time to 
achieve and therefore do not believe it is appropriate to set targets, however 
aspirational, at the present time.

Currently, 27% of our total UK workforce and 8% of our senior 
management in the UK are female.

34

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Corporate governance 

 
  
2  Directors’ remuneration

The Company’s policy on remuneration and details of the remuneration of 
each Director are given in the Remuneration Report on pages 28 to 32.

3  Accountability and audit

An assessment of the Company’s position and prospects is included in the 
Chairman’s Statement and in the Operational Review and Financial Review on 
pages 2 to 21.

Internal control
Provision C.2.1 of the Code requires the Directors to conduct an annual 
review of the effectiveness of the Group’s system of internal controls. The 
Turnbull guidance provides relevant guidance for directors on compliance 
with the internal control provisions of the Code.

Corporate governance
The Directors are responsible for the Group’s system of internal controls 
which aims to safeguard Group assets, ensure proper accounting records are 
maintained and that the financial information used within the business and 
for publication is reliable. Although no system of internal controls can provide 
absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss, the Group’s system 
is designed to provide the Directors with reasonable assurance that, should 
any problems occur, these are identified on a timely basis and dealt with 
appropriately. The key features of the Group’s system of internal controls, 
which was in place throughout the period covered by the accounts, are 
described below:

Control environment
The Group has a clearly defined organisational structure within which 
individual responsibilities of line and financial management for the 
maintenance of strong internal controls and the production of accurate 
and timely financial management information are identified and can be 
monitored. Where appropriate, the business is required to comply with the 
procedures set out in written manuals.

To demonstrate the Board’s commitment to maintaining the highest business 
and ethical standards and to promote a culture of honesty and integrity 
amongst all staff, the Board has established a confidential telephone service, 
operated by an independent external organisation, which may be used by 
all staff to report any issues of concern relating to dishonesty or malpractice 
within the Group. All issues reported are investigated by senior management.

Identification of risks
The Board and the Group’s management have a clearly defined responsibility 
for identifying the major business risks facing the Group and for developing 
systems to mitigate and manage those risks. The control of key risks is 
reviewed by the Board and the Group’s management at their monthly 
meetings. The Board is therefore able to confirm that there is an ongoing 
process for identifying, evaluating and managing the significant risks faced by 
the Group, that it has been in place for the year under review and up to the 
date of approval of these accounts and accords with the Turnbull guidance.

Information and communication
The Group has a comprehensive system for reporting financial results to the 
Board. Each operating unit prepares monthly accounts with a comparison 
against their business plan and against the previous year, with regular review 
by management of variances from targeted performance levels. A business 
plan is prepared by management and approved by the Board annually. 
Each operating unit prepares a two year business plan with performance 
reported against key performance indicators on a monthly basis together 
with comparisons to plan and prior year. These are reviewed regularly by 
management. Forecasts are updated regularly throughout the year.

Control procedures
The Board and the Group’s management have adopted a schedule of matters 
which are required to be brought to it for decision, thus ensuring that it 
maintains full and effective control over appropriate strategic, financial, 
organisational	and	compliance	issues.	Measures	taken	include	clearly	defined	
procedures for capital expenditure appraisal and authorisation, physical 
controls, segregation of duties and routine and ad hoc checks.

Monitoring
The Board has delegated to executive management implementation of 
the system of internal control. The Board, including the Audit and Risk 
Committee, receives reports on the system of control from the external 
auditor and from management. An independent internal audit function 
reports bi-annually to the Audit and Risk Committee primarily on the key 
areas of risk within the business. The Directors confirm that they have 
reviewed the effectiveness of the system of internal controls covering 
financial, operational and compliance matters and risk management, for the 
period covered by these accounts in accordance with the Turnbull guidance.

Audit
An account of the work of the Audit and Risk Committee is given in the 
Report of the Audit and Risk Committee on page 33.

4  Relations with shareholders

Throughout the year the Company maintains a regular dialogue with 
institutional investors and brokers’ analysts, providing them with such 
information on the Company’s progress and future plans as is permitted 
within the guidelines of the Listing Rules. In particular, twice a year, at the 
time of announcing the Company’s half and full year results, they are invited 
to briefings given by the Chief Executive and Group Finance Director.

The Company’s major institutional shareholders have been advised by the 
Chief Executive that, in line with the provisions of the Code, the Senior 
Independent Director and other non-executives may attend these briefings 
and, in any event, would attend if requested to do so.

All shareholders are given the opportunity to raise matters for discussion 
at	the	Annual	General	Meeting,	of	which	more	than	the	recommended	
minimum 20 working days notice is given. In compliance with the 
Transparency	Rules,	the	Company	publishes	Interim	Management	Statements	
in	March	and	September	each	year.

Details	of	proxies	lodged	in	respect	of	the	Annual	General	Meeting	will	be	
published on the Company’s website immediately following the meeting.

Compliance with the Code
The Board considers that the Company complied with the provisions of the 
Code throughout the year with the exception of those relating to Board 
and Committee composition. The Code states that at least half the Board, 
excluding the Chairman, should be comprised of independent non-executive 
directors: as referred to above, since November 2011, only two out of the 
five relevant Directors have been independent. Similarly, the Code states 
that both the Audit and Remuneration Committees should comprise at least 
three independent non-executive directors, whereas there are currently two. 
The Board recognises that, whilst Jan Astrand has ceased to be independent 
for very good reasons, the composition of the Board does not now have 
the balance expected under the Code and the Nomination Committee is 
therefore conducting a search for an additional independent non-executive 
director, which will restore the Company to full compliance with the Code. 

By order of the Board

D Henderson 
Secretary

26 June 2012

35

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Corporate governance 

 
Directors’ responsibilities
Directors’ responsibilities

The Directors are responsible for preparing the annual report and accounts in 
accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each 
financial year. Under that law the Directors are required to prepare the Group 
financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting 
Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the European Union and Article 4 of the IAS 
Regulation and have also chosen to prepare the Parent Company financial 
statements under IFRS as adopted by the EU. Under company law the 
Directors must not approve the accounts unless they are satisfied that they 
give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and Company 
and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period.

In preparing these financial statements, IAS 1 (Presentation of Financial 
Statements) requires that Directors:

•	

•	

•	

properly select and apply accounting policies;

present information, including accounting policies, in a manner that 
provides relevant, reliable, comparable and understandable information;

provide additional disclosures when compliance with the specific 
requirements in IFRS are insufficient to enable users to understand the 
impact of particular transactions, other events and conditions on the 
entity’s financial position and financial performance; and

•	 make an assessment of the Group’s ability to continue as a going 

concern.

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records 
that are sufficient to show and explain the Group’s and the Company’s 
transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial 
position of the Group and the Company and enable them to ensure that the 
financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also 
responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Group and the Company and 
hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud 
and other irregularities.

The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the 
corporate and financial information included on the Company’s website. 
Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and 
dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other 
jurisdictions.

Responsibility statement

We confirm that to the best of our knowledge:

•	

•	

the financial statements, prepared in accordance with IFRS, give a true 
and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss 
of the Company and the undertakings included in the consolidation 
taken as a whole; and

the management report, which is incorporated into the Directors’ 
report, includes a fair review of the development and performance of 
the business and the position of the Company and the undertakings 
included in the consolidation taken as a whole, together with a 
description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they face.

By order of the Board

Bob Contreras 
Chief Executive Officer

26 June 2012

36

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Directors’ responsibilities 

 
Independent auditor’s report to the members of  
Northgate plc

We have audited the financial statements of Northgate plc for the year 
ended 30 April 2012 which comprise the consolidated income statement, 
the Group and Parent Company statement of comprehensive income, the 
Group and Parent Company balance sheets, the Group and Parent Company 
cash flow statements, the Group and Parent Company notes to the cash flow 
statements, the Group and Parent Company statements of changes in equity 
and the related notes 1 to 40. The financial reporting framework that has 
been applied in their preparation is applicable law and International Financial 
Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the European Union and, as regards 
the Parent Company financial statements, as applied in accordance with the 
provisions of the Companies Act 2006.

This report is made solely to the Company’s members, as a body, in 
accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our 
audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company’s 
members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s 
report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we 
do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company 
and the Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or 
for the opinions we have formed.

Respective responsibilities of directors and auditor

As explained more fully in the Directors’ Responsibilities statement, the 
Directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and 
for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view. Our responsibility is to 
audit and express an opinion on the financial statements in accordance with 
applicable law and International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). 
Those standards require us to comply with the Auditing Practices Board’s 
Ethical Standards for Auditors.

Scope of the audit of the financial statements

An audit involves obtaining evidence about the amounts and disclosures 
in the financial statements sufficient to give reasonable assurance that 
the financial statements are free from material misstatement, whether 
caused by fraud or error. This includes an assessment of: whether the 
accounting policies are appropriate to the Group’s and the Parent Company’s 
circumstances and have been consistently applied and adequately disclosed; 
the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by the directors; 
and the overall presentation of the financial statements. In addition, we read 
all the financial and non-financial information in the annual report to identify 
material inconsistencies with the audited financial statements. If we become 
aware of any apparent material misstatements or inconsistencies we consider 
the implications for our report.

Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 
2006

In our opinion:

•	

•	

the part of the Directors’ Remuneration Report to be audited has been 
properly prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 2006; and

the information given in the Directors’ Report for the financial year 
for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the 
financial statements.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception

We have nothing to report in respect of the following:

Under the Companies Act 2006 we are required to report to you if, in our 
opinion:

•	

•	

•	

adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Parent 
Company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received 
from branches not visited by us; or

the Parent Company financial statements and the part of the Directors’ 
Remuneration Report to be audited are not in agreement with the 
accounting records and returns; or

certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not 
made; or

•	 we have not received all the information and explanations we require 

for our audit.

Under the Listing Rules we are required to review:

•	

•	

•	

the Directors’ statement, contained within the Financial Review, in 
relation to going concern; 

the part of the Corporate Governance Statement relating to the 
Company’s compliance with the nine provisions of the UK Corporate 
Governance Code specified for our review; and

certain elements of the report to shareholders by the Board on Directors’ 
remuneration.

Christopher Powell FCA (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of Deloitte LLP 
Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditor 
Leeds, United Kingdom

Opinion on financial statements

26 June 2012

In our opinion:

•	

•	

•	

•	

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the 
Group’s and of the Parent Company’s affairs as at 30 April 2012 and of 
the Group’s profit for the year then ended;

the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in 
accordance with IFRS as adopted by the European Union;

the Parent Company financial statements have been properly prepared 
in accordance with IFRS as adopted by the European Union and as 
applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006; 
and

the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and, as regards the group 
financial statements, Article 4 of the IAS Regulation.

37

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

  
 
Consolidated income statement
For the year ended 30 April 2012

Revenue: hire of vehicles
Revenue: sale of vehicles

Total revenue

Cost of sales

Gross profit

Administrative expenses (excluding exceptional 
items, impairment of intangible assets and intangible 
amortisation)
Exceptional administrative expenses
Impairment of intangible assets
Intangible amortisation

Total administrative expenses

Operating profit
Interest income

Finance costs (excluding exceptional items)
Exceptional finance costs

Total finance costs

Profit before taxation
Taxation

Profit for the year

Notes

4,5

4,5

4,5

35

35

15

5,6

8

9

9,35

10

Underlying
2012
£000

503,659
203,039

Statutory
2012
£000

503,659
203,039

706,698

706,698

Underlying
2011
£000

537,285
178,217

715,502

Statutory
2011
£000

537,285
178,217

715,502

(540,915)

(540,915)

(553,083)

(553,083)

165,783

165,783

162,419

162,419

(60,607)
–
–
–

(60,607)
(6,702)
–
(3,996)

(60,607)

(71,305)

105,176
165

(45,610)
–

94,478
165

(45,610)
(3,046)

(45,610)

(48,656)

59,731
(17,803)

45,987
(5,519)

41,928

40,468

(56,772)
–
–
–

(56,772)

105,647
848

(52,649)
–

(52,649)

53,846
(15,305)

38,541

(56,772)
(12,499)
(5,892)
(4,681)

(79,844)

82,575
848

(52,649)
(4,234)

(56,883)

26,540
2,853

29,393

Profit for the year is wholly attributable to the owners of the Parent Company. All results arise from continuing operations.

Underlying profit excludes exceptional items and impairment of intangible assets as set out in Note 35, as well as intangible amortisation and the taxation 
thereon, in order to provide a better indication of the Group’s underlying business performance.

Earnings per share
Basic

Diluted

12

12

31.5p

30.8p

30.4p

29.7p

29.0p

28.5p

22.1p

21.7p

38

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Consolidated income statement 
For the year ended 30 April 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statements of comprehensive income
For the year ended 30 April 2012

Amounts attributable to the owners of the
Parent Company
Profit (loss) attributable to the owners
Other comprehensive income
Foreign exchange differences on retranslation of net 
assets of subsidiary undertakings
Net foreign exchange differences on long term 
borrowings and derivatives held as hedges
Deferred taxation on disposal of revalued property
Foreign exchange difference on revaluation reserve
Net fair value (losses) gains on cash flow hedges
Deferred tax credit (charge) recognised directly in equity 
relating to cash flow hedges
Actuarial losses on defined benefit pension scheme
Deferred tax credit recognised directly in equity relating 
to defined benefit pension scheme

Total other comprehensive income

Total comprehensive income for the year

Notes

 Group

2012
£000

2011
£000

Company

2012
£000

2011
£000

40,468

29,393

(2,957)

(18,384)

32

32

28

31

31

34

34

(16,711)

13,486
5
(120)
(16,188)

3,834
(227)

60

(15,861)

24,607

4,645

(3,727)
–
33
5,386

(1,559)
(169)

50

4,659

34,052

–

–
–
–
(14,201)

3,360
–

–

(10,841)

(13,798)

–

–
–
–
5,069

(1,467)
–

–

3,602

(14,782)

39

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Statements of comprehensive income 
For the year ended 30 April 2012

 
  
 
 
Balance sheets
As at 30 April 2012

Non-current assets
Goodwill
Other intangible assets

Property, plant and equipment: vehicles for hire
Other property, plant and equipment

Total property, plant and equipment

Derivative financial instrument assets
Deferred tax assets
Investments

Total non-current assets

Current assets
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Derivative financial instrument assets
Cash and cash equivalents

Total current assets

Total assets

Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
Derivative financial instrument liabilities
Current tax liabilities
Short term borrowings

Total current liabilities

Net current (liabilities) assets

Non-current liabilities
Derivative financial instrument liabilities
Long term borrowings
Deferred tax liabilities
Retirement benefit obligation

Total non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Equity
Share capital
Share premium account
Revaluation reserve
Own shares reserve
Merger	reserve
Hedging reserve
Translation reserve
Capital redemption reserve
Retained earnings

Total equity

Notes

 Group

2012
£000

2011
£000

3,589
11,809

714,042
77,308

791,350

2,155
10,179
–

 Company

2012
£000

–
–

–
2,643

2,643

11,249
5,198
122,894

3,589
9,591

623,103
74,452

697,555

11,249
1,691
–

723,675

819,082

141,984

22,213
97,278
–
9,707

129,198

21,371
124,623
–
96,885

242,879

–
882,710
–
964

883,674

2011
£000

–
–

–
2,705

2,705

2,155
1,910
147,894

154,664

–
903,532
3,301
18,937

925,770

852,873

1,061,961

1,025,658

1,080,434

63,188
1,046
4,150
135,558

203,942

67,419
–
16,712
13,578

97,709

394,345
1,631
–
113,654

509,630

(74,744)

145,170

374,044

15,951
259,487
7,357
–

282,795

486,737

366,136

66,616
113,508
1,189
(685)
67,463
(14,247)
(7,963)
40
140,215

7,684
612,434
4,233
142

624,493

722,202

339,759

66,616
113,508
1,363
(1,630)
67,463
(1,893)
(4,738)
40
99,030

15,951
259,273
–
–

275,224

784,854

240,804

66,616
113,508
1,371
–
63,159
(12,617)
–
40
8,727

366,136

339,759

240,804

221,696
–
–
–

221,696

704,074

7,684
598,515
–
–

606,199

827,895

252,539

66,616
113,508
1,371
–
63,159
(1,776)
–
40
9,621

252,539

14

15

16

17

23

25

18

19

20

23

21

23

24

22

23

22

25

38

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

Total equity is wholly attributable to the owners of the Parent Company.

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 26 June 2012.

They were signed on its behalf by:
RD Mackenzie

CJR Muir

Director

Director

40

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Balance sheets 
As at 30 April 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow statements
For the year ended 30 April 2012

Net cash from (used in) operations

(a)

145,826

102,260

(39,688)

(41,539)

 Group

2012
£000

2011
£000

 Company

2012
£000

2011
£000

Investing activities
Interest received
Partial recovery of acquisition cost of subsidiary 
undertaking
Dividends received from subsidiary undertakings
Proceeds from disposal of other property, plant and 
equipment
Purchases of other property, plant and equipment
Purchases of intangible assets

Net cash (used in) from investing activities

Financing activities
Repayments of bank loans and other borrowings
Debt issue costs paid
Receipt of other loan
Loans from subsidiary undertakings
Settlement of financial instruments with subsidiary 
undertaking
Proceeds from issue of share capital
Payments to acquire own shares for share schemes
Termination of financial instruments

165

775
–

1,876
(7,705)
(1,982)

(6,871)

(222,592)
(86)
–
–

–
–
(293)
(3,046)

848

–
–

3,295
(4,972)
(2,027)

(2,856)

(175,464)
(10,309)
100,000
–

–
380
(1,676)
(896)

77

–
45,000

–
–
–

112

–
45,000

–
–
–

45,077

45,112

(213,852)
(86)
–
214,160

(18,950)
–
(293)
(3,046)

(195,944)
(10,309)
100,000
85,992

–
380
(1,676)
(896)

Net cash used in financing activities

(226,017)

(87,965)

(22,067)

(22,453)

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash 
equivalents
Cash	and	cash	equivalents	at	1	May
Effect of foreign exchange movements

Cash and cash equivalents at 30 April

(87,062)
96,885
(116)

9,707

11,439
85,343
103

96,885

(16,678)
18,937
(1,295)

964

(18,880)
38,737
(920)

18,937

41

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Cash flow statements 
For the year ended 30 April 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the cash flow statements
For the year ended 30 April 2012

(a) Net cash from (used in) operations

 Group

 Company

Operating profit (loss)
Adjustments for:
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
Impairment of intangible assets
Impairment of other property, plant and equipment
Exchange differences
Amortisation of intangible assets
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Share options fair value charge

Operating cash flows before movements in working capital
Decrease (increase) in non-vehicle inventories
Decrease in receivables
(Decrease) increase in payables

Cash generated from (used in) operations
Income taxes paid
Interest paid

Net cash generated from (used in) operations
Purchase of vehicles
Proceeds from disposal of vehicles

2012
£000

94,478

192,729
–
–
25
3,996
443
2,063

293,734
229
22,456
(3,538)

312,881
(2,582)
(38,487)

271,812
(306,311)
180,325

2011
£000

82,575

215,867
5,892
6,868
69
4,681
48
1,897

317,897
(619)
18,836
(4,729)

331,385
(3,292)
(43,445)

284,648
(343,620)
161,232

2012
£000

(4,207)

62
–
–
–
–
–
2,063

(2,082)
–
329
(1,403)

(3,156)
–
(36,532)

(39,688)
–
–

Net cash from (used in) operations

145,826

102,260

(39,688)

2011
£000

(5,137)

61
–
–
–
–
–
1,897

(3,179)
–
11
3,173

5
–
(41,544)

(41,539)
–
–

(41,539)

42

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the cash flow statements 
For the year ended 30 April 2012

 
  
Statements of changes in equity
For the year ended 30 April 2012

Group

Total	equity	at	1	May	2010
Share options fair value charge
Share options exercised
Issue of Ordinary share capital
Profit attributable to owners of the Parent Company
Purchase of own shares
Transfer of shares on vesting of share options
Other comprehensive income
Transfers between equity reserves

Total	equity	at	1	May	2011
Share options fair value charge
Share options exercised
Transfer on disposal of revalued property
Profit attributable to owners of the Parent Company
Purchase of own shares
Transfer of shares on vesting of share options
Other comprehensive income
Transfers between equity reserves

Share
capital
and share
premium
£000

179,744
–
–
380
–
–
–
–
–

180,124
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

Own
shares
reserve
£000

(891)
–
–
–
–
(1,676)
937
–
–

(1,630)
–
–
–
–
(293)
1,238
–
–

Hedging
reserve
£000

Translation
reserve
£000

(5,720)
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,616
1,211

(1,893)
–
–
–
–
–
–
(1,478)
(10,876)

(5,656)
–
–
–
–
–
–
2,129
(1,211)

(4,738)
–
–
–
–
–
–
(14,101)
10,876

Other
reserves
£000

68,833
–
–
–
–
–
–
33
–

68,866
–
–
(54)
–
–
–
(120)
–

Retained
earnings
£000

68,796
1,897
(937)
–
29,393
–
–
(119)
–

99,030
2,063
(1,238)
54
40,468
–
–
(162)
–

Total
£000

305,106
1,897
(937)
380
29,393
(1,676)
937
4,659
–

339,759
2,063
(1,238)
–
40,468
(293)
1,238
(15,861)
–

Total equity at 30 April 2012

180,124

(685)

(14,247)

(7,963)

68,692

140,215

366,136

Other reserves comprise the capital redemption reserve, revaluation reserve and merger reserve.

Company 

Total	equity	at	1	May	2010
Share options fair value charge
Issue of Ordinary share capital
Loss attributable to owners of the Parent Company
Other comprehensive income

Total	equity	at	1	May	2011
Share options fair value charge
Loss attributable to owners of the Parent Company
Other comprehensive income

Share
capital
and share
premium 
£000

179,744
–
380
–
–

180,124
–
–
–

Revaluation
reserve
£000

1,371
–
–
–
–

1,371
–
–
–

Hedging
reserve
£000

(5,378)
–
–
–
3,602

(1,776)
–
–
(10,841)

Merger
reserve
£000

63,159
–
–
–
–

63,159
–
–
–

Capital
redemption
reserve
£000

40
–
–
–
–

40
–
–
–

Retained
earnings
£000

26,108
1,897
–
(18,384)
–

9,621
2,063
(2,957)
–

Total
£000

265,044
1,897
380
(18,384)
3,602

252,539
2,063
(2,957)
(10,841)

Total equity at 30 April 2012

180,124

1,371

(12,617)

63,159

40

8,727

240,804

43

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Statements of changes in equity 
For the year ended 30 April 2012

 
Notes to the accounts 

1.  General information

Northgate plc is a Company incorporated in England and Wales under the Companies Act 2006. The address of the registered office is given on page 86. The 
nature of the Group’s operations and its principal activities are set out in Note 5 and in the Operational Review and Financial Review on pages 10 to 21.

The accounts are presented in UK Sterling because this is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the Group operates. Foreign operations 
are included in accordance with the policies set out in Note 2.

2.  Principal accounting policies

Statement of compliance
The accounts have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The accounts have also been prepared in accordance 
with IFRS adopted by the European Union (EU) and therefore the Group accounts comply with Article 4 of the EU IAS Regulation.

Basis of preparation
The financial information has been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for the revaluation of certain financial instruments.

Going concern
The accounts continue to be prepared on a going concern basis since the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Company and Group have adequate 
resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future as set out on page 19 of the Financial Review.

Changes in accounting policy

(a)  New standards and interpretations becoming effective in the current financial year
The	following	new	standards,	amendments	to	standards	and	interpretations	are	mandatory	for	the	financial	year	beginning	1	May	2011	but	have	no	material	
impact on the consolidated results or financial position of the Group.

IFRS 7

IAS 24

IAS 27

IFRIC 14

Financial Instruments: Disclosures – Amendments relating to the transfer of financial assets

Related Party Disclosures (revised 2009)

Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements – Amendments

Prepayments	of	a	Minimum	Funding	Requirement	–	Amendments	to	IFRIC	14	relating	to	voluntary	prepayments	for	existing	funding	
contributions

IFRIC 19

Extinguishing Financial Liabilities with Equity Instruments

Improvements to IFRS 2010

(b)  New standards and interpretations issued but not yet effective
The following relevant new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations were in issue (and in some cases have not yet been adopted by the EU) 
with an effective date for financial years beginning on or after the dates disclosed below.

IFRS 7

IFRS 7

IFRS 9

IFRS 10

IFRS 11

IFRS 12

IFRS 13

IAS 1

IAS 12

IAS 19

IAS 27

IAS 28

IAS 32

Financial Instruments: Disclosures – Transfers of financial assets

Financial Instruments: Disclosures – Offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities 

Financial Instruments

Consolidated Financial Statements

Joint Arrangements

Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities

Fair	Value	Measurement

1 July 2011

1 January 2013

1 January 2015

1 January 2013

1 January 2013

1 January 2013

1 January 2013

Presentation of Financial Statements – Amendments relating to the disclosures of other comprehensive income

1 July 2012

Income Taxes – Amendments for deferred tax and recovery of underlying assets.

Employee Benefits (amended)

Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements – Cost of an Investment in a Subsidiary, Jointly Controlled 
Entity or Associate

Investments	in	Associates	and	Joint	Ventures

Financial Instruments: Presentation – Offsetting financial assets and financial liabilities 

1 January 2012

1 January 2013

1 January 2013

1 January 2013

1 January 2013

1 January 2013

Improvements to IFRS 2011

The Directors are currently assessing the impact of IFRS 9 on its results, financial position and cash flows and do not expect that there will be any material 
impact on the Group’s accounts on adoption of any of the other above standards and interpretations.

44

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  

 
2.  Principal accounting policies (continued)

Basis of consolidation
Subsidiary undertakings are entities controlled by the Company. Control exists when the Company has the power, directly or indirectly, to govern the financial 
and operating policies of the entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. The consolidated accounts include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiary 
undertakings made up to 30 April 2011 and 30 April 2012. The results of a new subsidiary undertaking are included from the date of its acquisition. Where an 
entity has ceased to be a subsidiary undertaking during the year, its results are included to the date of cessation.

On acquisition, the assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of a subsidiary undertaking are measured at their fair values at the date of acquisition. Any excess 
of the cost of acquisition over the fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired is recognised as goodwill. Any deficiency of the cost of acquisition below the 
fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired (i.e. discount on acquisition) is credited to the income statement in the period of acquisition. The interest of 
non-controlling interests is stated at the non-controlling interest’s proportion of the fair values of the assets and liabilities recognised. Subsequently any losses 
applicable to the non-controlling interest in excess of the amount of non-controlling interest are allocated against the interests of the parent.

Where necessary, adjustments are made to the accounts of subsidiary undertakings to bring the accounting policies used into line with those used by the 
Group. All intra-group transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated on consolidation.

Revenue recognition
Group revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable in respect of the hire of vehicles, sale of used vehicles and the supply of 
related goods and services in the normal course of business, net of value added tax and discounts.

Revenue from vehicle hire is recognised evenly over the hire period and revenue from sales of other related goods and services is recognised at the point of sale.

Revenue from the sale of used vehicles is recognised at the point of sale.

Goodwill
All business combinations are accounted for by applying the acquisition method. Goodwill represents amounts arising on acquisition of subsidiary undertakings 
and interests in associates and is the difference between the cost of the acquisition and the fair value of the net identifiable assets and liabilities acquired.

Goodwill is stated at cost less any accumulated impairment losses identified through annual or other tests for impairment. Any impairment is recognised 
immediately in the income statement and is not subsequently reversed.

Intangible assets – arising on business combinations
Amortisation of intangible assets is charged to the income statement on a straight line basis over the estimated useful lives of each intangible asset. Intangible 
assets are amortised from the date they are available for use. The estimated useful lives are as follows:

Customer relationships

Brand names

Non-compete agreements

5 to 13 years

5 to 10 years

2 to 4 years

Intangible assets – other
Other intangible assets that are acquired by the Group are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment losses. Software assets are amortised 
on a straight line basis over their estimated useful lives, which do not exceed three years.

Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment is stated at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation and any provision for impairment. Certain properties were revalued 
prior to the adoption of IFRS. These valuations were treated as deemed cost at the time of adopting IFRS for the first time. Depreciation is provided so as to 
write off the cost of assets to residual values on a straight line basis over the assets’ useful estimated lives as follows:

Freehold buildings

Leasehold buildings

Plant,	equipment	&	fittings

Vehicles	for	hire

Motor	vehicles

50 years

50 years or over the life of the lease, whichever is shorter

3 to 10 years

3 to 6 years

3 to 6 years

Vehicles	for	hire	are	depreciated	on	a	straight	line	basis	using	depreciation	rates	that	reflect	economic	lives	of	between	three	and	six	years.	These	depreciation	
rates have been determined with the anticipation that the net book values at the point the vehicles are transferred into inventories is in line with the open 
market values for those vehicles. Depreciation charges reflect adjustments made as a result of differences between expected and actual residual values of used 
vehicles, taking into account the further directly attributable costs to sell the vehicles.

Property under construction is not depreciated. Depreciation commences when these assets are ready for their intended use. Freehold land is not depreciated.

45

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

Notes to the accounts (continued)

2.  Principal accounting policies (continued)

On the subsequent sale or retirement of properties revalued prior to the adoption of IFRS, the attributable revaluation surplus remaining in the revaluation 
reserve is transferred directly to retained earnings. The residual value, if not insignificant, is reassessed annually.

Fixed asset investments
Fixed asset investments are shown at cost less any provision for impairment.

Impairment
At each balance sheet date, the Group reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that 
those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of 
the impairment loss (if any).

The recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less selling costs and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to 
their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which 
the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

An impairment loss is recognised in the income statement whenever the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount. Impairment losses 
recognised in respect of cash generating units are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to cash generating units and then to 
reduce the carrying amount of other assets in the unit on a pro rata basis.

Where an impairment loss has been recognised in an earlier period, the Group reassesses whether there are any indications that such impairment has decreased 
or no longer exists.  If an impairment no longer exists, an impairment reversal is recognised in the income statement to the extent required.

Inventories
Used vehicles held for resale are valued at the lower of cost or net realisable value. Net realisable value represents the estimated selling price less costs to be 
incurred in marketing, selling and distribution.

Other inventories comprise spare parts and consumables and are valued at the lower of cost or net realisable value.

Taxation
The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the income statement because it excludes 
items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible.

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or recoverable on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the accounts and the 
corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit and is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method. Deferred tax liabilities are 
generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be 
available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from 
goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the tax profit nor 
the accounting profit.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable 
profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for taxable temporary differences arising on investments in subsidiaries and associates, and interests in joint ventures, 
except where the Group is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the 
foreseeable future.

Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised.

Current and deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case 
the current or deferred tax is also dealt with in equity.

Financial instruments and hedge accounting
Financial assets and liabilities are recognised in the Group’s balance sheet when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provision of the instrument.

Trade receivables are non-interest bearing and are stated at their nominal value less any appropriate provision for irrecoverable amounts. Trade payables are 
non-interest bearing and are stated at their nominal value.

The Group uses derivative financial instruments to hedge its exposure to foreign exchange and interest rate risks arising from operational, financing and 
investment activities. In accordance with its treasury policy, the Group does not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading purposes.

Derivative financial instruments are stated at fair value. Any gain or loss on remeasurement to fair value is recognised immediately in the income statement 
except where derivatives qualify for hedge accounting, where recognition of the resultant gain or loss depends on the nature of the items being hedged.

The fair value of cross-currency and interest rate derivatives is the estimated amount that the Group would receive or pay to terminate the derivative at the 
balance sheet date, taking into account current interest rates and the current creditworthiness of the derivative counterparties.

46

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

2.  Principal accounting policies (continued)

Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments that are designated and effective as hedges of future cash flows are recognised directly in equity 
and the ineffective portion is recognised in the income statement. Amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity 
are reclassified to profit or loss in the periods when the hedged item is recognised in profit or loss, in the same line of the income statement as the recognised 
hedged item. However, when the forecast transaction that is hedged results in the recognition of a non-financial asset or a non-financial liability, the gains 
and losses previously accumulated in equity are transferred from equity and included in the initial measurement of the cost of the non-financial asset or 
non-financial liability.

Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting are recognised in the income statement as they arise.

Hedge accounting for cash flow hedges is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, exercised or no longer qualifies for hedge 
accounting. At that time, any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in equity is retained in equity until the forecasted transaction 
occurs. If a hedged transaction is no longer expected to occur, the net cumulative gain or loss recognised in equity is transferred to the income statement as a 
net profit or loss for the period.

Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments that are designated and effective as net investment hedges are recognised directly in equity and the 
ineffective portion is recognised in the income statement.  Exchange differences arising on the net investment hedges are transferred to the translation reserve.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash at bank and in hand.

Bank loans, other loan, loan notes and issue costs
Bank loans, other loan and loan notes are stated at the amount of proceeds after deduction of issue costs, which are amortised over the period of the loan. 
Finance charges, including premiums payable on settlement or redemption and direct issue costs, are accounted for in the income statement on an accruals 
basis.

Foreign currencies
Transactions in foreign currencies other than UK Sterling are recorded at the rate prevailing at the date of the transaction or at the contracted rate if the 
transaction is covered by a forward exchange contract. At each balance sheet date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies 
are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date.

The net assets of overseas subsidiary undertakings are translated into UK Sterling at the rate of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. The exchange 
difference arising on the retranslation of opening net assets is recognised directly in equity. The results of overseas subsidiary undertakings and joint ventures 
are translated into UK Sterling using average exchange rates for the financial period and variances compared with the exchange rate at the balance sheet 
date are recognised directly in equity. All other translation differences are taken to the income statement with the exception of exchange differences on 
foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are used to finance or provide a hedge against Group equity investments in foreign enterprises, which are 
recognised directly in equity, together with the exchange difference on the net investment in these enterprises.

Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on acquisition of a foreign entity are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign entity. They are denominated in 
the functional currency of the foreign entity and translated at the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date, with any variances reflected directly in 
equity.

All foreign exchange differences reflected directly in equity are shown in the translation reserve component of equity.

Leasing and hire purchase commitments

As Lessee:
Assets held under finance leases and hire purchase contracts are capitalised in the balance sheet at their fair value or, if lower, the present value of the future 
minimum lease payments and are depreciated over their useful economic lives using Group policies. The capital elements of future obligations under finance 
leases and hire purchase contracts are included as liabilities in the balance sheet. The interest elements of the rental obligations are charged to the income 
statement over the periods of the leases and hire purchase contracts so as to produce a constant rate of return on the outstanding balance.

Rentals payable under operating leases are charged to the income statement on a straight line basis over the lease term.

As Lessor:
Motor	vehicles	and	equipment	hired	to	customers	under	operating	leases	are	included	within	property,	plant	and	equipment.	Income	from	such	leases	is	taken	
to the income statement evenly over the period of the operating lease agreement.

Retirement benefit costs
The Group predominantly operates defined contribution pension schemes but has one defined benefit scheme. Contributions in respect of defined contribution 
arrangements are charged to the income statement in the period they fall due. Pension contributions in respect of one of these arrangements are held in 
trustee administered funds, independently of the Group’s finances.

For	the	defined	benefit	scheme,	the	cost	of	providing	benefits	is	determined	using	the	Projected	Unit	Credit	Method,	with	updates	to	actuarial	valuations	being	
carried out at each balance sheet date. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised in full in the period in which they occur. They are recognised outside the 
income statement and presented in the statement of other comprehensive income.

47

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

Notes to the accounts (continued)

2.  Principal accounting policies (continued)

Past service cost is recognised immediately to the extent that the benefits are already vested and otherwise is amortised on a straight line basis over the average 
period until the benefits become vested.

The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the balance sheet represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as adjusted for unrecognised 
past service cost and as reduced by the fair value of the scheme assets. Any asset resulting from this calculation is limited to past service cost, plus the present 
value of available refunds and reductions in future contributions to the scheme.

The Group also operates group personal pension plans. The costs of these plans are charged to the income statement as they fall due.

Employee share schemes and share based payments
The Group has applied the requirements of IFRS 2 (Share-based Payment). The Group issues equity-settled payments to certain employees.

Equity-settled employee schemes, including employee share options and deferred annual bonuses, provide employees with the option to acquire shares of the 
Company. Employee share options and deferred annual bonuses are generally subject to performance or service conditions.

The fair value of equity-settled payments is measured at the date of grant and charged to the income statement over the period during which performance 
or service conditions are required to be met or immediately where no performance or service criteria exist. The fair value of equity-settled payments granted is 
measured using the Black-Scholes model. The amount recognised as an expense is adjusted to reflect the actual number of employee share options that vest, 
except where forfeiture is only due to market based performance criteria not being met.

The Group also operates a share incentive plan under which employees each have the option to purchase an amount of shares annually and receive an 
equivalent number of free shares. The Group recognises the free shares as an expense evenly throughout the period over which the employees must remain in 
the employ of the Group in order to receive the free shares.

Interest income and finance costs
Interest income and finance costs are recognised in the income statement using the effective interest rate method.

Exceptional items
Items are classified as exceptional gains or losses where they are considered by the Directors to be material and which individually or, if of a similar type, in 
aggregate need to be disclosed by virtue of their size or incidence if the accounts are to be properly understood.

Dividends
Dividends on Ordinary shares are recognised in the period in which they are either paid or formally approved, whichever is earlier.

Provisions
A provision is recognised in the balance sheet when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event and it is probable that 
an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation. If the effect is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future 
cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability.

Own shares
The Group makes open market purchases of its own shares in order to satisfy the requirements of the Group’s existing share schemes. Own shares are 
recognised at cost as a reduction in shareholder equity. The carrying values of own shares are compared to their market values at each reporting date and 
adjustments are made to write down the carrying value of own shares when, in the opinion of the Directors, there is a significant market value reduction.

3.  Critical accounting judgments and key sources of estimation uncertainty

In the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies, which are described in Note 2, the Directors have made the following judgments that have the most 
significant effect on the amounts recognised in the accounts.

Depreciation
Vehicles	for	hire	are	depreciated	on	a	straight	line	basis	using	depreciation	rates	that	reflect	economic	lives	of	between	three	and	six	years.	These	depreciation	
rates have been determined with the anticipation that the net book values at the point the vehicles are transferred into inventories is in line with the open 
market values for those vehicles.

Under IAS 16 (Property, Plant and Equipment), the Group is required to review its depreciation rates and estimated useful lives regularly to ensure that the net 
book value of disposals of tangible fixed assets are broadly equivalent to their market value.

Depreciation charges reflect adjustments made as a result of differences between expected and actual residual values of used vehicles, taking into account the 
further directly attributable costs to sell the vehicles.

Intangible assets
Amortisation of intangible assets is charged to the income statement on a straight line basis over the estimated useful lives of each intangible asset. The 
Directors have made assumptions with regard to the evidence in the market, at the time of acquisitions, when determining these estimated useful lives.

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the balance sheet date, that have a significant risk of causing a 
material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are discussed below.

48

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

3.  Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty (continued)

Impairment of goodwill and other non-current assets
Determining whether goodwill and other non-current assets are impaired or whether the reversal of a previously recognised impairment is necessary requires an 
estimation of their value in use in the cash generating units. The value in use calculation requires the entity to estimate the future cash flows expected to arise 
from each cash generating unit and a suitable discount rate in order to calculate present value.

Provision for bad and doubtful debts
Trade receivables are stated in the balance sheet at their nominal value less any appropriate provision for irrecoverable amounts. In determining whether 
provision is required against any trade receivable, judgment is required in estimating the likely levels of recovery. In exercising this judgment, consideration is 
given to both the overall economic environment in which a debtor operates, as well as specific indicators that the recovery of the nominal balance may be in 
doubt, for example days’ sales outstanding in excess of agreed credit terms or other qualitative information in respect of a customer.

Taxation
The Group carries out tax planning consistent with a Group of its size and makes appropriate provision, based on best estimates, until tax computations are 
agreed with the tax authorities. To the extent that tax estimates result in the recognition of deferred tax assets, those assets are only carried in the balance 
sheet to the extent that it is considered that they are likely to be recovered in the short term. In the current year, net deferred tax assets totalling £Nil previously 
derecognised have been recognised as the recovery of those assets is now considered probable in the short term (2011 – £5,928,000), as explained further in 
Note 10.

4.  Revenue

Total revenue of £706,698,000 (2011 – £715,502,000) comprises revenue from the hire of vehicles of £503,659,000 (2011 – £537,285,000) and revenue from 
the sale of vehicles of £203,039,000 (2011 – £178,217,000).

5.  Segmental reporting

Management	has	determined	the	operating	segments	based	upon	the	information	provided	to	the	executive	Board	of	Directors	which	is	considered	to	be	the	
chief operating decision maker. The Group is managed and reports internally, on a basis consistent with its two main operating divisions, UK and Spain. The UK 
division includes operations in the Republic of Ireland. The principal activities of these divisions are set out in the Operational Review and Financial Review.

Revenue: hire of vehicles
Revenue: sale of vehicles

Total revenue

Underlying operating profit (loss) *
Exceptional administrative expenses
Intangible amortisation

Operating profit (loss)

Interest income
Finance costs (excluding exceptional items)
Exceptional finance costs

Profit before taxation

Other information
Capital expenditure
Depreciation

Reportable segment assets
Derivative financial instrument assets
Income tax assets

Total assets

Reportable segment liabilities
Derivative financial instrument liabilities
Income tax liabilities

Total liabilities

UK
2012
£000

320,772
136,312

Spain
2012
£000

182,887
66,727

457,084

249,614

74,402
(5,670)
(3,135)

65,597

34,989
(1,724)
(861)

32,404

Corporate
2012
£000

–
–

–

(4,215)
692
–

(3,523)

194,697
110,933

510,448

120,259
81,734

329,485

306,477

151,756

–
62

–

–

Total
2012
£000

503,659
203,039

706,698

105,176
(6,702)
(3,996)

94,478

165
(45,610)
(3,046)

45,987

314,956
192,729

839,933
11,249
1,691

852,873

458,233
16,997
11,507

486,737

49

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

5.  Segmental reporting (continued)

Revenue: hire of vehicles
Revenue: sale of vehicles

Total revenue

Underlying operating profit (loss) *
Exceptional administrative expenses
Impairment of intangible assets
Intangible amortisation

Operating profit (loss)

Interest income
Finance costs (excluding exceptional items)
Exceptional finance costs

Profit before taxation

Other information
Capital expenditure
Depreciation
Impairment of other property, plant and equipment
Impairment of intangible assets

Reportable segment assets
Derivative financial instrument assets
Income tax assets

Total assets

Reportable segment liabilities
Derivative financial instrument liabilities
Income tax liabilities

Total liabilities

UK

2011
£000

333,935
102,964

436,899

73,617
(2,433)
–
(3,234)

67,950

Spain

2011
£000

203,350
75,253

278,603

36,649
(9,434)
(5,892)
(1,447)

19,876

206,416
124,415
–
–

639,295

135,300
91,391
6,868
5,892

410,332

455,841

237,732

Corporate

2011
£000

–
–

–

(4,619)
(632)
–
–

(5,251)

–
61
–
–

–

–

Total

2011
£000

537,285
178,217

715,502

105,647
(12,499)
(5,892)
(4,681)

82,575

848
(52,649)
(4,234)

26,540

341,716
215,867
6,868
5,892

1,049,627
2,155
10,179

1,061,961

693,573
7,684
20,945

722,202

*  Underlying operating profit (loss) stated before intangible amortisation, impairment of intangible assets and exceptional items is the measure used by the 

executive Board of Directors to assess segment performance.

Revenue from sale of vehicles is included as revenue in accordance with IAS 16 which requires used vehicle assets to be classified as inventories. Used vehicle 
sales are included within UK and Spain operating segments, which reflects the level at which the executive Board of Directors allocate resources and review 
performance of the Group.

There is no significant intersegment trading.

Geographical information 
Revenues are attributed to countries on the basis of the company’s location. The Directors consider the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland to be a single 
geographical segment on the grounds that the results and net assets of operations in the Republic of Ireland are immaterial to the Group as a whole.

United	Kingdom	&	Republic	of	Ireland
Spain

Revenue
2012
£000

457,084
249,614

Non-current
assets
2012
£000

429,714
281,021

706,698

710,735

Revenue
2011
£000

436,899
278,603

715,502

Non-current
assets
2011
£000

475,413
331,335

806,748

There are no external customers from whom the Group derives more than 10 per cent of total revenue. Segment assets and liabilities exclude derivative 
financial instrument assets and liabilities and current and deferred tax assets and liabilities, since these balances are not included in the segments’ assets and 
liabilities as reviewed by the chief operating decision maker.

50

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6.  Operating profit

Operating profit is stated after charging:
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment (Notes 16 and 17)
Impairment of other property, plant and equipment (Notes 17 and 35)
Amortisation of intangible assets (Note 15)
Impairment of intangible assets (Notes 15 and 35)
Net foreign exchange losses
Exceptional administrative expenses (excluding impairment of assets - Note 35)
Staff costs (Note 7)
Cost of inventories recognised as an expense
Net impairment of trade receivables (Note 39)
Auditor’s remuneration for audit services (below)
Auditor’s remuneration for non-audit services (below)

The above cost of inventories recognised as an expense includes movements in stock provisions which are immaterial.

Fees payable to the Company’s auditor for the audit of the Company’s annual accounts
Fees payable to the Company’s auditor and its associates for the audit of the
Company’s subsidiaries pursuant to legislation

Total audit fees

Other services pursuant to legislation
Tax services
Other services

Total non-audit fees

2012
£000

192,729
–
3,996
–
25
6,702
82,834
248,665
4,961
397
171

2012
£000

240

157

397

21
95
55

171

 2011
£000

215,867
6,868
4,681
5,892
69
5,631
84,356
210,681
5,457
405
149

2011
£000

240

165

405

21
64
64

149

Fees payable to Deloitte LLP and their associates for non-audit services to the Company are not required to be disclosed because the consolidated financial 
statements are required to disclose such fees on a consolidated basis.

A description of the work of the Audit and Risk Committee is set out on page 33 and includes an explanation of how auditor objectivity and independence is 
safeguarded when non-audit services are provided by the auditor.

51

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

7.  Staff costs

The average number of persons employed by the Group:

United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland:
Direct operations
Administration

Spain:
Direct operations
Administration

The aggregate remuneration of Group employees comprised:
Wages and salaries
Social security costs
Other pension costs

2012
Number

2011
Number

1,514
481

1,995

800
123

923

1,599
480

2,079

830
136

966

2,918

3,045

2012
£000

71,870
9,557
1,407

82,834

2011
£000

72,936
9,995
1,425

84,356

Wages and salaries include £5,319,000 (2011 – £2,306,000) in respect of redundancies and loss of office.

Details of Directors’ remuneration, pension contributions and share options are provided in the audited part of the Remuneration Report on pages 28 to 32.

8. 

Interest income

Interest on bank and other deposits

9.  Finance costs

Interest on bank overdrafts and loans
Amortisation of arrangement fees
Amortisation of terminated cross-currency derivatives
Cross-currency derivatives ineffectiveness (Note 23)
Interest rate derivatives ineffectiveness (Note 23)
Change in fair value of cross-currency derivatives (Note 23)
Change in fair value of interest rate derivatives (Note 23)
Amortisation of de-designated Sterling interest rate swaps
Preference share dividends

Finance costs (excluding exceptional items)

Exceptional finance costs
Financing fees written off on extinguishment of debt (Note 35)
Termination of Euro interest rate swaps (Note 23)
Termination of cross-currency swaps (Note 23)
De-designation of Sterling interest rate derivatives (Note 23)

Total exceptional finance costs

52

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

2012
£000

165

2012
£000

38,991
7,799
(605)
459
(28)
(147)
(453)
(431)
25

45,610

–
3,046
–
–

3,046

2011
£000

848

2011
£000

43,241
9,777
(608)
(202)
–
416
–
–
25

52,649

2,728
473
423
610

4,234

48,656

56,883

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.  Taxation 

Current tax:
UK corporation tax
Adjustment in respect of prior years
Foreign tax

Deferred tax:
Origination and reversal of timing differences
Adjustment in respect of prior years
Net recognition of deferred tax assets
UK rate adjustment

2012
£000

1,897
(11,505)
488

(9,120)

12,044
(285)
–
2,880

14,639

5,519

2011
£000

5,593
(4,241)
642

1,994

1,091
102
(5,928)
(112)

(4,847)

(2,853)

Corporation tax is calculated at 25.83% (2011 – 28.00%) of the estimated assessable profit for the year. Taxation for other jurisdictions is calculated at the 
rates prevailing in those respective jurisdictions. 

The net charge/(credit) for the year can be reconciled to the profit before taxation as stated in the income statement as follows:

Profit before taxation

Tax at the UK corporation tax rate of 25.83% (2011 – 28.00%)
Tax effect of expenses that are not deductible in determining taxable profit
Tax effect of income not taxable in determining taxable profit
Difference in taxation in overseas subsidiary undertakings
Recognition of deferred tax assets (below)
Reduction in UK tax rate
Adjustment to tax charge in respect of prior years

Tax charge/(credit) and effective tax rate for the year

2012
£000

45,987

11,880
4,396
(652)
(1,195)
–
2,880
(11,790)

5,519

%

25.8
9.6
(1.4)
(2.6)
–
6.3
(25.6)

12.0

2011
£000

26,540

7,431
440
(615)
70
(5,928)
(112)
(4,139)

(2,853)

%

28.0
1.6
(2.3)
0.3
(22.3)
(0.4)
(15.6)

(10.7)

In addition to the amount charged to the income statement, a net deferred tax amount of £3,899,000 has been credited (2011 – £1,509,000 charged) directly 
to equity (Note 25).

The underlying tax charge of £17,803,000 (2011 – £15,305,000) excludes exceptional tax credits of £11,216,000 (2011 – £16,818,000) as set out in Note 35, 
and tax credits on intangible amortisation of £1,068,000 (2011 – £1,340,000).

There has been no recognition of deferred tax assets previously derecognised (2011 – £5,928,000).

On 1 April 2012 the UK Corporation tax rate changed from 26% to 24%. Accordingly, the tax disclosures reflect deferred tax measured on the new 24% rate. 
The rate is proposed to be reduced further to 23% by 1 April 2014. It has not been possible to quantify the full anticipated effect of the further 1% reduction, 
although this will further reduce the Group’s future tax charge and reduce the deferred tax liabilities and assets of the Group and of the Company accordingly. 

11.  Dividends

No dividends were paid in the year (2011 - £Nil). The Directors propose a final dividend of 3.0p for the year ended 30 April 2012 (2011 - £Nil), which is subject 
to	approval	at	the	Annual	General	Meeting	and	has	not	been	included	as	a	liability	as	at	30	April	2012.

53

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

12.  Earnings per share

Basic and diluted earnings per share
The calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share is based on the  
following data:
Earnings
Earnings for the purposes of basic and diluted earnings per share, being net 
profit attributable to the owners of the Parent Company

Number of shares
Weighted average number of Ordinary shares
for the purposes of basic earnings per share
Effect of dilutive potential Ordinary shares:
– share options

Weighted average number of Ordinary shares for the purposes of diluted 
earnings per share

Basic earnings per share

Diluted earnings per share

13.  Result of the parent company

Underlying
2012
£000

Statutory
2012
£000

Underlying
2011
£000

Statutory
2011
£000

41,928

40,468

38,541

29,393

Number

Number

Number

Number

133,232,518

133,232,518

133,029,317

133,029,317

3,074,242

3,074,242

2,306,309

2,306,309

136,306,760

136,306,760

135,335,626

135,335,626

31.5p

30.8p

30.4p

29.7p

29.0p

28.5p

22.1p

21.7p

A loss of £2,957,000 (2011 – £18,384,000) is dealt with in the accounts of the Company. The Directors have taken advantage of the exemption available 
under s408(3) of the Companies Act 2006 and not presented an income statement for the Company alone.

14.  Goodwill

Group 

Carrying value:
At 1 May 2011 and 30 April 2012

2012
£000

2011
£000

3,589

3,589

Goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated, at acquisition, to the cash generating units (CGUs) that are expected to benefit from the business 
combination. The Group tests goodwill annually for impairment, or more frequently if there are indications that goodwill might be impaired.

The Group has two cash generating units: the UK and Spain. The Group tests its CGUs annually for impairment, or more frequently if there are indications 
that assets might be impaired. The recoverable amounts of the CGUs are determined from value in use calculations. The key assumptions for the value in 
use calculations are those regarding the discount rates, growth rates and expected changes to selling prices and direct costs during the period. The Directors 
estimate discount rates using pre-tax rates that reflect current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the CGUs. The growth 
rates are based on industry growth rates forecasts. Changes in selling prices and direct costs are based on past practices and expectations of future changes in 
the market.

In addition to the annual test of impairment, and as required by IAS 36, there has also been an assessment as to whether there has been any indication that an 
impairment loss recognised in an earlier year has decreased or no longer exists.

The impairment assessment was based on risk-adjusted cash flow forecasts derived from a two year business plan approved by the Directors in April 2012 using 
growth rates of 1% to 2% over a 10 year period, including terminal values, using a discount rate of 10.3% for the UK CGU and 11.7% for the Spanish CGU. 
The	projected	terminal	value	is	calculated	based	on	the	Gordon	Growth	Model	assuming	cash	flows	are	generated	into	perpetuity.

It was concluded that there were no indicators of additional impairment or reversal of impairment previously charged for both the UK CGU and Spanish CGU.

In the prior year, the impairment assessment was based on risk-adjusted cash flow forecasts derived from a two year business plan approved by the Directors 
in April 2011 using growth rates of 1% to 3% over a 10 year period, including terminal values, using a discount rate of 10% for the UK CGU and 10% for the 
Spanish CGU. It was concluded that there were no indicators of additional impairment or reversal of impairment previously charged for both the UK CGU and 
Spanish CGU.

The impairment assessment is sensitive to changes in the key assumptions used, most notably the discount rate and growth rates. A sensitivity analysis has 
been performed on the UK CGU and Spanish CGU. Based on this sensitivity analysis, no reasonably possible changes to the assumptions used for the UK CGU 
resulted in an additional impairment charge being required. The Spanish CGU had headroom of £0.5m at the balance sheet date. An increase in the discount 
rate of 0.02% would eliminate the headroom in the Spanish CGU.

54

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
15.  Other intangible assets 

Group

Cost:
At	1	May	2010
Additions
Disposals
Exchange differences

At	1	May	2011
Additions
Disposals
Exchange differences

At 30 April 2012

Amortisation:
At	1	May	2010
Charge for the year
Impairment charge (Note 35)
Disposals
Exchange differences

At	1	May	2011
Charge for the year
Disposals
Exchange differences

At 30 April 2012

Carrying amount:
At 30 April 2012

At 30 April 2011

Brand
names
£000

Customer
relationships
£000

Software
technology
£000

Other
software
£000

14,815
–
(15,166)
351

–
–
–
–

–

8,047
747
5,892
(15,166)
480

–
–
–
–

–

–

–

22,525
–
–
155

22,680
–
–
(571)

22,109

11,026
2,594
–
–
122

13,742
2,212
–
(435)

15,519

6,590

8,938

168
–
(168)
–

–
–
–
–

–

151
17
–
(168)
–

–
–
–
–

–

–

–

Total
£000

45,111
2,027
(15,441)
541

32,238
1,982
(408)
(693)

7,603
2,027
(107)
35

9,558
1,982
(408)
(122)

11,010

33,119

5,438
1,323
–
(107)
33

6,687
1,784
(357)
(105)

24,662
4,681
5,892
(15,441)
635

20,429
3,996
(357)
(540)

8,009

23,528

3,001

2,871

9,591

11,809

55

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

16.  Property, plant and equipment: vehicles for hire

Group

Cost:
At	1	May	2010
Additions
Transfer to motor vehicles
Exchange differences
Transfer to inventories

At	1	May	2011
Additions
Transfer to motor vehicles
Exchange differences
Transfer to inventories

At 30 April 2012

Depreciation:
At	1	May	2010
Charge for the year
Exchange differences
Transfer to motor vehicles
Transfer to inventories

At	1	May	2011
Charge for the year
Exchange differences
Transfer to motor vehicles
Transfer to inventories

At 30 April 2012

Carrying amount:
At 30 April 2012

At 30 April 2011

At 30 April 2012, the Group had entered into contractual commitments for the acquisition of vehicles for hire amounting to £27,784,000  
(2011 – £33,699,000).

£000

1,161,725
334,916
(385)
11,315
(353,896)

1,153,675
305,401
(223)
(40,036)
(454,236)

964,581

420,182
211,622
4,827
(186)
(196,812)

439,633
188,443
(15,292)
(93)
(271,213)

341,478

623,103

714,042

56

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
17.  Other property, plant and equipment

Group

Cost:
At	1	May	2010
Additions
Transfer from vehicles for hire
Exchange differences
Transfer to other debtors and prepayments
Disposals

At	1	May	2011
Additions
Transfer from vehicles for hire
Exchange differences
Disposals

At 30 April 2012

Depreciation:
At	1	May	2010
Charge for the year
Impairment charge (Note 35)
Exchange differences
Transfer from vehicles for hire
Disposals

At	1	May	2011
Charge for the year
Exchange differences
Transfer from vehicles for hire
Disposals

At 30 April 2012

Carrying amount:
At 30 April 2012

At 30 April 2011

Land and buildings by category:
Freehold and long leasehold
Short leasehold

Land &
buildings
£000

87,200
2,593
–
1,166
–
(3,360)

87,599
3,092
–
(4,366)
(4,590)

Plant,
equipment
& fittings
£000

22,766
1,418
–
153
(856)
(3,471)

20,010
3,541
–
(811)
(5,872)

Motor
vehicles
£000

1,321
762
385
–
–
(699)

1,769
940
223
–
(551)

Total
£000

111,287
4,773
385
1,319
(856)
(7,530)

109,378
7,573
223
(5,177)
(11,013)

81,735

16,868

2,381

100,984

10,768
1,730
6,868
112
–
(1,142)

18,336
1,831
(818)
–
(2,796)

16,553

65,182

69,263

13,541
2,152
–
71
–
(2,582)

13,182
1,940
(358)
–
(5,613)

9,151

7,717

6,828

466
363
–
–
186
(463)

552
515
–
93
(332)

828

1,553

1,217

2012
£000

59,984
5,198

65,182

24,775
4,245
6,868
183
186
(4,187)

32,070
4,286
(1,176)
93
(8,741)

26,532

 74,452

 77,308

2011
£000

60,647
8,616

69,263

At 30 April 2012, the Group had entered into contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment amounting to £309,000  
(2011 – £123,000).

57

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

17.  Other property, plant and equipment (continued)

Company

Cost:
At 1 May 2010, 1 May 2011 and 30 April 2012

Depreciation:
At	1	May	2010
Charge for the year

At	1	May	2011

Charge for the year

At 30 April 2012

Carrying amount:
At 30 April 2012

At 30 April 2011

18.  Investments

Company

Cost:
At	1	May	2010	and	1	May	2011
Capital reduction of subsidiary undertaking

At 30 April 2012

Accumulated provisions:
At 1 May 2010, 1 May 2011 and 30 April 2012

Carrying amount:
At 30 April 2012

At 30 April 2011

Land &
buildings
£000

3,239

473
61

534

62

596

2,643

2,705

Total
£000

150,329
(25,000)

Shares in
subsidiary
undertakings
£000

Loans
to subsidiary
undertaking
£000

103,329
(25,000)

47,000
–

78,329

47,000

125,329

2,435

–

2,435

75,894

100,894

47,000

122,894

47,000

147,894

A full list of the Company’s subsidiaries was included with the Annual Return filed with the Registrar of Companies.

At 30 April 2012, the principal subsidiary undertakings of the Group were as follows, all of which are wholly owned and are registered in England and Wales 
unless otherwise stated:

Fleet Technique Limited* 
Northgate (CB) Limited* 
Northgate (CB2) Limited* 
Northgate España Renting Flexible S.A.* (incorporated in Spain)  
Northgate (Europe) Limited 
Northgate	(Malta)	Limited*	(incorporated	in	Malta) 
Northgate	(MT)	Limited*	(incorporated	in	Malta) 
Northgate	Vehicle	Hire	(Ireland)	Limited*	(incorporated	in	the	Republic	of	Ireland) 
Northgate	Vehicle	Hire	Limited

*interest held indirectly by the Company

19.  Inventories

Vehicles	held	for	resale
Spare parts and consumables

58

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

  Group

2012
£000

17,771
4,442

22,213

2011
£000

16,095
5,276

21,371

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
20.  Trade and other receivables

Trade receivables
Amounts due from subsidiary undertakings
Other taxes
Other debtors and prepayments

The average credit period given on trade sales is

Group

2012
£000

84,930
–
–
12,348

97,278

2011
£000

110,915
–
–
13,708

124,623

UK
Spain

Company

2012
£000

–
880,854
1,827
29

882,710

2012

42 days
71 days

Allowances for estimated irrecoverable amounts and the Group’s credit risk are considered in Note 39.

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other receivables approximates to their fair value due to their short term nature.

21.  Trade and other payables

Trade payables
Amounts due to subsidiary undertakings
Social security and other taxes
Accruals and deferred income

Trade payables comprise amounts outstanding for trade purchases.

The average credit period taken on trade purchases is

Group

Company

2012
£000

23,446
–
9,655
30,087

63,188

2011
£000

33,623
–
5,703
28,093

67,419

UK
Spain

2012
£000

34
381,936
97
12,278

394,345

2012

48 days
78 days

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other payables approximates to their fair value due to their short term nature. 

22.  Borrowings

Borrowings comprise bank loans, loan notes, property loans, preference shares and other borrowings.

Except as detailed in Note 39, the Directors consider that the carrying amounts of the Group’s borrowings approximate to their fair value.

2011
£000

–
901,347
2,142
43

903,532

2011

42 days
94 days

2011
£000

801
211,518
77
9,300

221,696

2011

49 days
105 days

Bank loans
Loan notes
Other loan
Cumulative Preference shares
Property loans
Confirming facilities

Group

2012
£000

129,282
161,002
97,752
500
862
5,647

395,045

2011
£000

360,974
161,718
97,506
500
1,952
3,362

626,012

Company

2012
£000

113,673
161,002
97,752
500
–
–

372,927

2011
£000

338,791
161,718
97,506
500
–
–

598,515

59

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

  
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

22.  Borrowings (continued)

The borrowings are repayable as follows:

On demand or within one year
(shown within current liabilities)
Bank loans
Loan notes
Property loans
Confirming facilities

In the second year
Bank loans
Loan notes
Property loans

In the third to fifth years
Bank loans
Loan notes
Property loans

Due after more than five years
Loan notes
Other loan
Cumulative Preference shares

Total borrowings

Less: Amount due for settlement within one year
(shown within current liabilities)

Amount due for settlement after one year

Group

2012
£000

83,312
45,951
648
5,647

2011
£000

9,209
–
1,007
3,362

Company

2012
£000

67,703
45,951
–
–

135,558

13,578

113,654

–
42,717
214

42,931

45,970
72,334
–

118,304

–
97,752
500

98,252

395,045

135,558

259,487

87,236
46,392
710

134,338

264,529
43,150
235

307,914

72,176
97,506
500

170,182

626,012

13,578

612,434

–
42,717
–

42,717

45,970
72,334
–

118,304

–
97,752
500

98,252

372,927

113,654

259,273

2011
£000

–
–
–
–

–

74,262
46,392
–

120,654

264,529
43,150
–

307,679

72,176
97,506
500

170,182

598,515

–

598,515

Bank loans, loan notes and the other loan would become repayable in full in the event of a change in control of the Group.

Bank loans
Bank loans are secured and bear interest at rates of 1.50% to 2.75% (2011 – 1.20% to 3.25%) above the relevant interest rate index, being LIBOR for Sterling 
denominated debt and EURIBOR for Euro denominated debt.

60

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
 
22.  Borrowings (continued)

Loan notes
In 2006 and 2007, the Company issued unsecured loan notes to investors principally based in the United States. The total of the loan notes (‘the US Notes’) 
issued by the Group was US$357,000,000 and £21,000,000. During the year, the Group has repaid $7,070,000 and £Nil respectively (2011 – $73,463,000 
and £3,820,000). In addition, and in accordance with the terms of the US Notes, during the prior year, make-whole notes amounting to $7,530,000 and 
£456,000 were issued, all of which on their issue had a maturity of September 2012 and otherwise had the same terms as the related loan notes. During the 
prior year, all make-whole notes were repaid in full. The US Notes are not publicly tradeable, are secured and have the following maturity profile:

Value of loan notes

Maturity date

$37,201,000 (2011: $40,755,000) 5 year loan notes

November 2012

$86,620,000 (2011: $90,136,000) 7 year loan notes

December 2013

$89,318,000 (2011: $89,318,000) 10 year loan notes

December 2016

£15,631,000 (2011: £15,631,000) 10 year loan notes

December 2016

$36,698,000 (2011: $36,698,000) 10 year loan notes

December 2016

Unamortised finance fees relating to the US Dollar 
denominated loan Notes
Unamortised finance fees relating to the Sterling 
denominated loan Notes

Weighted
average
fixed interest
rate on the
US Notes

7.72%
(2011 – 7.72%)
7.86%
(2011 – 7.86%)
7.99%
(2011 – 7.99%)
7.89%
(2011 – 7.89%)
7.99%
(2011 – 7.99%)

Overall
weighted
average
fixed
interest rate

8.19%
(2011 – 8.19%)
9.02%
(2011 – 8.99%)
8.91%
(2011 – 8.91%)
7.89%
(2011 – 7.89%)
8.89%
(2011 – 8.89%)

Carrying
value
30 April
2012
£000

22,867

53,245

54,904

15,631

22,558

Carrying
value
30 April
2011
£000

24,453

54,082

53,591

15,631

22,018

(7,202)

(7,267)

(1,001)

(790)

161,002

161,718

The redemption of the US Notes and interest payments on the US Notes are due to the loan note holders in the same currency as the issue currency of the US 
Notes. These factors expose the Group to foreign currency exchange risk. As explained in further detail in Note 23, the Group has entered into cross-currency 
swap financial instruments in order to mitigate this risk. Both the weighted average fixed interest rate on the US Notes and the overall weighted average fixed 
interest rate (taking into account the interest rates within the cross-currency swap instruments) are shown in the table above.

Other loan
The other loan is an eight year £100,000,000 secured term loan which is repayable in three equal instalments in October 2017, April 2018 and April 2019. 
Interest is payable at 4.25% above LIBOR. The loan is stated net of unamortised finance fees incurred in relation to entering into this loan agreement.

Cumulative Preference shares
The cumulative Preference shares of 50p each entitle the holder to receive a cumulative preferential dividend at the rate of 5% on the paid up capital and the 
right to a return of capital at either winding up or a repayment of capital. The cumulative Preference shares do not entitle the holders to any further or other 
participation in the profits or assets of the Company. These shares have no voting rights other than in exceptional circumstances.

The total number of authorised cumulative Preference shares of 50p each is 1,300,000 (2011 – 1,300,000), of which 1,000,000 (2011 – 1,000,000) were 
allotted and fully paid at the balance sheet date.

Property loans
All property loans relate to land and buildings held in Spain and are accounted for as finance lease obligations. The loans are secured on the properties to which 
they relate.

The average remaining lease term is one year (2011 – two years). At 30 April 2012, the average borrowing rate for property loans was 2.8% (2011 – 2.1%). All 
loans are on a fixed repayment basis and no arrangements have been entered into for contingent rental payments.

61

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

22.  Borrowings (continued)

Amounts payable under property loans:
Within one year
In the second to fifth years inclusive

Less future finance charges

Present value of lease obligations

Less: amount due for settlement within one year
(shown under current liabilities)

Amount due for settlement after one year

Minimum
lease payments

Present value of
minimum lease payments

2012
£000

664
220

884
(22)

862

2011
£000

1,040
975

2,015
(63)

1,952

2012
£000

648
214

862
–

862

(648)

214

2011
£000

1,007
945

1,952
–

1,952

(1,007)

945

Confirming facilities
Spanish confirming facilities of £5,647,000 (2011 – £3,362,000) are unsecured and all fall due within one year. It is common practice in Spain for businesses 
to have a bank facility which enables their suppliers to be paid earlier than under normal credit terms. When this is the case the supplier pays to Northgate 
España’s bank a discount fee for early settlement. When invoices fall due for payment, Northgate España settles such invoices with its bank. The Group pays no 
interest on confirming.

Total borrowing facilities
The Group has various borrowing facilities available to it. The undrawn committed facilities at the balance sheet date, in respect of which all conditions 
precedent had been met at that date, are as follows:

Less than one year
In one year to five years

2012
£000

3,946
261,998

265,944

2011
£000

14,135
113,866

128,001

The total amount permitted to be borrowed by the Company and its subsidiary undertakings in terms of the Articles of Association shall not exceed six times 
the aggregate of the issued share capital of the Company and Group reserves, as defined in those Articles.

Analysis of consolidated net debt
An analysis of movements in the Group’s consolidated net debt is as follows:

Cash at bank and in hand
Bank loans
Loan notes
Other loan
Cumulative Preference shares
Property loans and other borrowings

At	1	May
2011
£000

96,885
(360,974)
(161,718)
(97,506)
(500)
(5,314)

Cash flow
£000

(87,062)
217,050
4,457
–
–
1,085

(529,127)

135,530

Other
non-cash
changes
£000

–
(4,443)
147
(246)
–
(2,285)

(6,827)

Foreign
exchange
movements
£000

(116)
19,085
(3,888)
–
–
5

15,086

At 30 April
2012
£000

9,707
(129,282)
(161,002)
(97,752)
(500)
(6,509)

(385,338)

The Group calculates gearing to be net borrowings as a percentage of shareholders’ funds less goodwill and the net book value of intangible assets, where 
net borrowings comprise borrowings less cash at bank. At 30 April 2012, the gearing of the Group amounted to 109.2% (2011 – 163.1%) where net 
borrowings are £385,338,000 (2011 – £529,127,000) and shareholders’ funds less goodwill and the net book value of intangible assets are £352,956,000 
(2011 – £324,361,000).

62

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
22.  Borrowings (continued)

Financial instruments (see also Note 39)

Financial assets
The Group’s principal financial assets are bank balances and cash, and trade and other receivables.

The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables. The amounts presented in the balance sheet are net of allowances for doubtful 
receivables. An allowance for impairment is made where there is an identified loss event which, based on previous experience, is evidence of a reduction in the 
recoverability of the cash flows.

The credit risk on liquid funds and derivative financial instruments is limited because the counterparties are banks with high credit-ratings assigned by 
international credit-rating agencies.

The Group has no significant concentration of credit risk, with exposure spread over a large number of counterparties and customers. The credit risk associated 
with trade receivables in Spain is more concentrated in larger customers than the UK and, consequently, as in the UK the Group has a credit insurance policy in 
place to mitigate this risk.

Treasury policies and the management of risk
The function of Group Treasury is to mitigate financial risk, to ensure sufficient liquidity is available to meet foreseeable requirements, to secure finance at 
minimum cost and to invest cash assets securely and profitably. Treasury operations manage the Group’s funding, liquidity and exposure to interest rate risks 
within a framework of policies and guidelines authorised by the Board of Directors.

The Group uses derivative financial instruments for risk management purposes only. Consistent with Group policy, Group Treasury does not engage in 
speculative activity and it is policy to avoid using more complex financial instruments. Further details regarding derivative financial instruments are shown in 
Note 23.

The policy followed in managing credit risk permits only minimal exposures, with banks and other institutions meeting required standards as assessed normally 
by reference to major credit rating agencies. Deals are authorised only with banks with which dealing mandates have been agreed and which maintain an A 
rating. Individual aggregate credit exposures are limited accordingly.

Financing and interest rate risk
The Group’s policy is to finance operating subsidiary undertakings by a combination of retained earnings, loan notes, other loans and bank borrowings, 
including medium term bank loans.

Cash at bank and on deposit yield interest based principally on interest rate indices applicable to periods of less than three months, those indices being  
LIBOR for Sterling denominated cash and EURIBOR for Euro denominated cash. The Group’s exposure to interest rate fluctuations on its borrowings and 
deposits is managed through the use of interest rate derivatives as detailed in Note 23. These derivatives are also used to manage the Group’s desired mix of 
fixed and floating rate debt. The policy is to fix or cap a substantial element of the interest cost on outstanding debt. At 30 April 2012, 96%  
(2011 – 71%) of gross borrowings were at fixed or capped rates of interest, comprising £100,000,000 and €152,832,000 of interest rate swaps, 
$249,837,000 of US Dollar/Sterling cross-currency swaps, £15,631,000 of Sterling denominated loan notes, £500,000 of preference shares and £5,647,000 of 
confirming facilities (2011 – £100,000,000 and €212,832,000 of interest rate swaps, $256,907,000 of US Dollar/Sterling cross-currency swaps, £15,631,000 
of Sterling denominated loan notes, £500,000 of preference shares and £3,362,000 of confirming facilities), as detailed in Note 23.

Foreign currency exchange risk
The Group maintains borrowings in the same currency as its cash requirements, with the exception of borrowings maintained in Euro as net investment hedges 
against its Euro denominated investments (Note 23) and with the exception of US Dollar denominated loan notes, as explained above.

An analysis of the Group’s borrowings by currency is given below:

Group 

At 30 April 2012
Bank loans
Loan notes
Other loan
Cumulative Preference shares
Property loans
Confirming facilities

Sterling
£000

–
14,630
97,752
500
–
–

Euro
£000

US Dollars
£000

Total
£000

129,282
–
–
–
862
5,647

–
146,372
–
–
–
–

129,282
161,002
97,752
500
862
5,647

112,882

135,791

146,372

395,045

63

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

22.  Borrowings (continued)

Group 

At 30 April 2011
Bank loans
Loan notes
Other loan
Cumulative Preference shares
Property loans
Confirming facilities

Sterling
£000

47,170
14,841
97,506
500
–
–

160,017

Euro
£000

313,804
–
–
–
1,952
3,362

319,118

US Dollars
£000

–
146,877
–
–
–
–

146,877

Total
£000

360,974
161,718
97,506
500
1,952
3,362

626,012

Net borrowings analysed by currency, taking into account swapped exchange rates for the US loan notes and the other loan swapped into Euro being 
retranslated to Sterling at closing exchange rates, are as follows:

Group

At 30 April 2012
Cash at bank and in hand
Bank loans
Loan notes
Other loan
Cumulative Preference shares
Property loans
Confirming facilities

Group

At 30 April 2011
Cash at bank and in hand
Bank loans
Loan notes
Other loan
Cumulative Preference shares
Property loans
Confirming facilities

Sterling
£’000

Euro
£’000

Total
£’000

8,382
–
(132,122)
–
(500)
–
–

1,325
(129,282)
(22,780)
(89,815)
–
(862)
(5,647)

9,707
(129,282)
(154,902)
(89,815)
(500)
(862)
(5,647)

(124,240)

(247,061)

(371,301)

Sterling
£’000

Euro
£’000

Total
£’000

45,798
(47,170)
(138,115)
(13,848)
(500)
–
–

(153,835)

51,087
(313,804)
(23,623)
(84,365)
–
(1,952)
(3,362)

(376,019)

96,885
(360,974)
(161,738)
(98,213)
(500)
(1,952)
(3,362)

(529,854)

At 30 April 2012, the gearing of the Group reflecting the above fixed swapped exchange rates amounted to 105.2% (2011 – 163.4%) where net borrowings 
are £371,301,000 (2011 – £529,854,000) and shareholders’ funds less goodwill and the net book value of intangible assets are £352,956,000  
(2011 – £324,361,000).  

23.  Derivative financial instruments

The Group’s derivative financial instruments at the balance sheet date comprise interest rate swaps and cross-currency swaps.

Their net estimated fair values are as follows:

Interest rate derivatives
Cross-currency derivatives

They are represented in the balance sheet as follows:
Non-current derivative financial instrument assets
Current derivative financial instrument (liabilities) assets
Non-current derivative financial instrument liabilities

Group

2012
£000

(16,314)
10,566

(5,748)

11,249
(1,046)
(15,951)

(5,748)

2011
£000

(5,377)
(152)

(5,529)

2,155
–
(7,684)

(5,529)

Company

2012
£000

(16,314)
9,981

(6,333)

11,249
(1,631)
(15,951)

(6,333)

2011
£000

(5,377)
3,149

(2,228)

2,155
3,301
(7,684)

(2,228)

64

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23.  Derivative financial instruments (continued)

Interest rate derivatives
The Group’s exposure to interest fluctuations on its borrowings is managed through the use of interest rate derivatives. These derivatives are also used to 
manage the Group’s desired mix of fixed and floating rate debt. The policy is to fix or cap a substantial element of the interest cost on outstanding debt. The 
interest rate derivatives to which the Group was party as at 30 April 2012 and 30 April 2011 are summarised below:

30 April 2012
Sterling denominated interest rate swaps
Euro denominated interest rate swaps

30 April 2011
Sterling denominated interest rate swaps
Euro denominated interest rate swaps

Total
nominal
values

Weighted
average fixed
contract net pay
rates

£100,000,000
e152,832,000

£100,000,000
e212,832,000

4.45%
2.35%

4.45%
2.35%

Weighted
average
remaining
life

9.0 years
0.4 years

10.0 years
1.4 years

During the year, the following transactions relating to interest rate derivatives occurred:

•	

£38,000,000 and e60,000,000 of interest rate swaps with a weighted average fixed contract pay rate of 2.44% and 2.35% respectively matured.

•	 e59,000,000 of interest rate swaps due to commence in September 2012 with a weighted average fixed contract pay rate of 3.13% and a remaining 

weighted average life of 2.4 years were cancelled at a cash cost of £3,046,000 (Notes 9 and 35). This was in connection with a voluntary prepayment of 
the bank term debt; and

•	

£38,000,000 of interest rate swaps with a weighted average fixed contract receive rate of 1.13% matured.

As part of the debt refinancing undertaken by the Group in April 2011 the following interest rate derivative transactions occurred in the prior year:

•	

•	

•	

£100,000,000 Sterling interest rate swaps with a weighted average fixed contract pay rate of 3.62% and weighted average maturity of 10.0 years 
commenced;

£63,000,000 Sterling interest rate swaps were de-designated from a relationship with the Sterling denominated term loan which was repaid in full. On 
the date of de-designation, these swaps had a weighted average remaining life of 1.4 years and the net amount deferred into equity at that date of 
£610,000 was expensed in the income statement (Note 9). On the same day, £63,000,000 Sterling interest rate swaps with a weighted average fixed 
contract receive rate of 1.13% and weighted average maturity of 1.4 years commenced;

 e87,168,000 Euro interest rate swaps were closed out at a cash cost of £473,000. At that time, these swaps were in a hedging relationship with the 
Euro term loan. The notional amount closed out was the amount of Euro term loan which was repaid and cancelled on that date. At that time, these 
swaps had a weighted average remaining life of 1.4 years and the net amount deferred into equity at that date of £473,000 was expensed in the income 
statement (Note 9); and

•	 e152,832,000 of Euro interest rate swaps were entered into. These swaps will commence in September 2012 and will terminate in September 2014. The 

weighted average fixed contract pay rate is 3.12%.

All the Group’s interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges and their fair value to the point of either maturity or termination, along with changes 
in fair value in the current year, were deferred in equity. To the extent that the interest rate swaps were not 100% effective, a net amount of £28,000  
(2011 – £Nil) has been credited to the income statement (Note 9).

The total change in fair values of interest rate derivatives credited to the income statement of £453,000 (2011 – £Nil) is shown within finance costs (Note 9).

Cross-currency derivatives
Market	values	have	been	used	to	determine	fair	values	of	cross-currency	derivatives	at	each	balance	sheet	date.

The estimated fair values are as follows:

Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency swaps
Euro/Sterling cross-currency swaps

2012
£000

2,702
7,864

10,566

2011
£000

882
(1,034)

(152)

Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency swaps
The Group has in issue US Dollar denominated loan notes of capital value $249,837,000 (2011 – $256,907,000) which bear fixed rate interest in US Dollars. 
The payment of this interest and the capital repayment of the loan notes at maturity expose the Group to foreign exchange risk. To mitigate this risk, the Group 
has entered into a series of Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency swaps. The effective start dates and termination dates of these contracts are the same as the loan 
notes against which hedging relationships are designated and which are shown in Note 22.

The Group will have interest cash outflows in Sterling and interest cash inflows in US Dollars over the life of the contracts. On the termination date of each of 
the contracts, the Group will pay a principal amount in Sterling and receive a principal amount in US Dollars. The weighted average interest rate that the Group 
pays in Sterling is 8.86% (2011 – 8.83%).

65

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
  
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

23.  Derivative financial instruments (continued)

All the Group’s Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency swaps entered into in September 2009 are designated and are highly effective as cash flow hedges and their 
fair value to the point of either maturity or termination, along with changes in fair value in the current year, are deferred in equity. To the extent that the  
cross-currency swaps were not 100% effective, a net amount of £459,000 has been charged (2011 – £202,000 credited) to the income statement (Note 9).

In February 2012, cross-currency swaps with a total notional amount of $7,070,000 were entered into in connection with a voluntary prepayment offer to the 
note holders. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average life of 1.3 years and a weighted average contract Sterling receive rate of 8.08%. The change in 
fair value between that date and 30 April 2012 has been taken to the income statement.

In the prior year, the following transactions occurred:

In June 2010, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of $20,584,000 were entered into as a result of a number of prepayments of the US Dollar 
denominated loan notes. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average life of 4.7 years and a weighted average contract Sterling receive rate of 7.72%. 
The change in fair value from that date has been taken to the income statement.

At the same time, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of $5,433,000 were entered into as a result of the issuance of make-whole notes in connection 
with the US Dollar denominated loan notes. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average life of 2.3 years and a weighted average contract Sterling pay 
rate of 8.09%. The change in fair value from that date was taken to the income statement.

A total amount of £147,000 was credited in the income statement (2011 – £416,000 charged) in relation to the change in fair value of Sterling/US Dollar 
cross-currency swaps (Note 9). 

In April 2011, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of $6,122,000 were closed out at a cash cost of £376,000. At that time, these swaps had a 
weighted average remaining life of 1.4 years and a weighted average contract Sterling pay rate of 8.17%. These cross-currency swaps were not in a hedging 
relationship and therefore this cost was expensed in the income statement (Note 9).

At the same time, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of $9,347,000 were entered into as a result of a number of prepayments of the US Dollar 
denominated loan notes. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average life of 2.3 years and a weighted average contract Sterling receive rate of 8.32%.

Euro/Sterling cross-currency swaps
The Group also has Euro/Sterling cross-currency swaps of total notional value e141,780,000 (2011 – e124,635,000). The Group will have interest cash inflows 
in Sterling and interest cash outflows in Euro over the life of the contract. On the termination date of the contract, the Group will pay a principal amount in 
Euro and receive a principal amount in Sterling. The interest rate that the Group pays in Euro is 8.18% (2011 – 8.19%).

In August 2011, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of e17,145,000 commenced. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average life of 3.1 years 
and a weighted average contract Euro pay rate of 7.90%. The change in fair value from that date has been deferred into equity.

In the prior year, the following transactions occurred:

In June 2010, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of e2,915,000 commenced. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average life of 2.2 years 
and a weighted average contract Euro receive rate of 7.12%. The change in fair value from that date has been deferred into equity.

At the same time, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of e502,000 commenced. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average life of 2.3 years 
and a weighted average contract Euro pay rate of 7.53%. The change in fair value from that date has been deferred into equity.

In April 2011, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of e97,011,000 commenced. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average life of 3.4 years 
and a weighted average contract Euro pay rate of 8.23%. The change in fair value from that date has been deferred into equity.

In April 2011, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of e575,000 were closed out at a cash cost of £47,000. At that time, these swaps had a weighted 
average remaining life of 1.5 years and a weighted average contract Euro pay rate of 7.60%. This cost was expensed in the income statement (Note 9).

At the same time, cross-currency swaps with a notional amount of e3,602,000 commenced. At that time, these swaps had a weighted average life of 1.6 
years and a weighted average contract Euro receive rate of 8.70%.

During the year eNil (2011 – e3,551,000) of swaps matured.

66

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

23.  Derivative financial instruments (continued)

Gross movement in fair values initially deferred in hedging reserve:
At 30 April 2011
Movement	in	fair	value	of	hedged	instruments

At 30 April 2012

Cumulative amounts recycled to the income statement:
At 30 April 2011
Movement	for	the	year

At 30 April 2012

Cumulative amounts recycled to the currency translation reserve:
At 30 April 2011
Movement	for	the	year

At 30 April 2012

Net fair value deferred in hedging reserve:
At 30 April 2012

At 30 April 2011

Sterling/
US Dollar
£000

34,444
2,280

36,724

(32,079)
(4,633)

(36,712)

–
–

–

12

2,365

Euro/
Sterling
£000

(9,839)
8,898

(941)

20
(8)

12

9,663
(10,876)

(1,213)

(2,142)

(156)

Amounts recycled to the income statement from the hedging reserve represent the movements on the foreign exchange elements of the total fair value of 
the Sterling/US Dollar swaps. This matches the exchange difference on retranslation of the loan notes at the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet 
date, leaving a net impact of £Nil in the income statement. The gross exchange difference on retranslation of the loan notes at the exchange rate prevailing at 
the balance sheet date was a loss of £3,887,000 (2011 – gain of £15,315,000). In addition, the amount includes the amortisation of the interest legs of the 
terminated swaps over their residual life. The amount recycled to the translation reserve represents the movement on the foreign exchange elements of the 
total fair value of the derivative subsequent to the designation of the Euro/Sterling swap as a net investment hedge. The net fair value remaining in the hedging 
reserve represents the fair value of the interest rate element of the derivatives (Note 31).

Net investment hedges
The Group manages its exposure to currency fluctuations on retranslation of the balance sheets of those subsidiary undertakings whose functional currency is 
in Euro by maintaining a proportion of its borrowings in the same currency.  In addition, the Group has entered into a number of Sterling/Euro cross-currency 
swaps which are designated as net investment hedges. The hedging objective is to reduce the risk of spot retranslation of the Euro subsidiaries from Euro to 
Sterling at each reporting date. Exchange differences arising on the borrowings and net investment hedges have been recognised directly within equity along 
with the exchange differences on retranslation of the net assets of the Euro subsidiaries.

The hedges are considered highly effective in the current and prior year.

Company current derivative financial asset
At 30 April 2012, the Company held Sterling/Euro cross-currency swaps with a subsidiary undertaking which had a fair value of £(585,000) 
(2011 – £3,301,000) and weighted average remaining life of one year (2011 – one year) with a weighted average Euro interest receivable rate of 2.02% 
(2011 – 2.79%) and weighted average GBP interest payable rate of 2.50% (2011 – 2.23%).

24. Current tax

The current tax creditor of £4,150,000 at 30 April 2012 (2011 – £16,712,000) includes a total amount of £3,664,000 (2011 – £13,997,000) that is considered 
unlikely to give rise to a cash outflow within 12 months of the balance sheet date but is shown in the balance sheet as a current liability in order to satisfy the 
requirements of IAS 1.

67

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

25.  Deferred tax

The following are the major deferred tax liabilities and (assets) recognised by the Group and movements thereon during the current and prior years:

Group

At	1	May	2010
Charge (credit) to income
Recognition of deferred tax assets (Note 10)
Charge to equity
Exchange differences
Adjustment to UK tax rate (credited) charged 
to income
Adjustment to UK tax rate charged to equity
Adjustments in respect of prior years
Transfer to current tax

At	1	May	2011
Charge (credit) to income
Credit to equity
Exchange differences
Adjustment to UK tax rate charged (credited) 
to income
Adjustment to UK tax rate charged to equity
Adjustments in respect  of prior years
Transfer from current tax

Accelerated
capital
allowances
£000

Revaluation
of buildings
£000

(9,027)
174
–
–
(7)

(8)
–
(157)
8,834

(191)
34,185
–
(1,433)

2,855
–
(42)
506

1,864
(35)
–
–
11

(97)
–
–
–

1,743
(136)
(5)
(38)

(95)
–
–
–

Share
based
payment
£000

(151)
(1,004)
–
–
–

83
–
–
–

(1,072)
(51)
–
–

86
–
–
–

Intangible
assets
£000

5,077
(2,737)
–
–
(30)

(139)
–
206
–

2,377
(605)
–
(38)

(41)
–
–
–

Other
timing
differences
£000

7,323
(3,974)
–
1,465
(46)

49
44
53
(10,400)

(5,486)
847
(4,267)
287

75
373
384
97

Losses
£000

(5,895)
8,667
(5,928)
–
(161)

–
–
–
–

(3,317)
(22,196)
–
1,491

–
–
(627)
–

Total
£000

(809)
1,091
(5,928)
1,465
(233)

(112)
44
102
(1,566)

(5,946)
12,044
(4,272)
269

2,880
373
(285)
603

At 30 April 2012

35,880

1,469

(1,037)

1,693

(24,649)

(7,690)

5,666

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset where the Group has a legally enforceable right to do so.  The analysis of the deferred tax balances after offset is as 
follows:

At 30 April 2012
Deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax liabilities

At 30 April 2011
Deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax assets

(1,691)
7,357

5,666

(10,179)
4,233

(5,946)

In the current year, the net credit to equity of £3,894,000 (2011 – £1,509,000 charge), in respect of other timing differences included £3,834,000  
(2011 - £1,559,000 charge) relating to derivative financial instruments which has been reflected in the hedging reserve (Note 31).

There are no deferred tax assets which are not recognised in the balance sheet. Deferred tax assets of £24,649,000 (2011 – £3,317,000) have been recognised 
in the balance sheet in respect of losses, as it is considered probable that there will be sufficient future taxable profits against which these losses will be utilised.

Net deferred tax assets of £7,690,000 (2011 – £5,486,000) classified as other timing differences relate to movements on fair values of interest rate and foreign 
currency derivatives, retirement benefit obligations, other timing differences in relation to tax payable in various tax jurisdictions in which the Group operates 
and other timing differences within the UK.

68

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25.  Deferred tax (continued)

The following are the major deferred tax liabilities and (assets) recognised by the Company and movements thereon during the current and prior years:

Share
based
payment
£000

(151)
(1,004)
–
83
–

(1,072)
(51)
–
86
–

Other
timing
differences
£000

(2,311)
–
1,409
6
58

(838)
34
(3,692)
3
332

Total
£000

(2,462)
(1,004)
1,409
89
58

(1,910)
(17)
(3,692)
89
332

(1,037)

(4,161)

(5,198)

2012
£000

2011
£000

66,616

66,616

2012
£000

113,508
–

113,508

Group
£000

1,330
33

1,363
(54)
(120)

1,189

Group
£000

(891)
(1,676)
937

(1,630)
(293)
1,238

(685)

2011
£000

113,269
239

113,508

Company
£000

1,371
–

1,371
–
–

1,371

Company
£000

–
–
–

–
–
–

–

Company

At	1	May	2010
Credit to income
Charge to equity
Change in UK tax rate charged to income
Change in UK tax rate charged to equity

At	1	May	2011
(Credit) charge to income
Credit to equity
Change in UK tax rate charged to income
Change in UK tax rate charged to equity

At 30 April 2012

26.  Share capital

Group and Company

Allotted and fully paid:
133,232,518 (2011 – 133,232,518) Ordinary shares of 50p each

27.  Share premium account 

Group and Company

At	1	May
Premium on Ordinary shares issued

At 30 April

28.  Revaluation reserve

At	1	May	2010
Foreign exchange differences

At	1	May	2011
Transfer to retained earnings on disposal of revalued property
Foreign exchange differences

At 30 April 2012

29. Own shares reserve

At	1	May	2010
Purchase of own shares
Transfer of shares on vesting of share options

At	1	May	2011
Purchase of own shares
Transfer of shares on vesting of share options

At 30 April 2012

69

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

29. Own shares reserve (continued)

The own shares reserve represents shares held by employee trusts in order to meet commitments under the Group’s various share schemes (Note 37). At 30 
April 2012 the Guernsey Trust held 265,868 (2011 – 478,758) 50p ordinary shares and the Capita Trust held 23,715 (2011 – 38,964) 50p ordinary shares.  The 
total number of shares held by these employee trusts represents 0.2% of the alloted and fully paid share capital of the Group.

The results of the trusts are consolidated into the results of the Group in accordance with SIC 12 (Consolidation – Special Purpose Entities).

The total value paid for the shares held at 30 April 2012 is £685,000 (2011 – £1,872,000).

30. Merger reserve

At 1 May 2010, 1 May 2011 and 30 April 2012

31. Hedging reserve

At	1	May	2010
Movement	in	fair	value	of	hedged	interest	rate	derivatives
Movement	in	fair	value	of	hedged	foreign	currency	derivatives
Deferred tax on fair value of interest rate and foreign currency derivatives
Amortisation of terminated foreign currency derivatives (below)
Transfer to income statement
De-designation of GBP interest rate swaps
Transfer to translation reserve (Note 32)

At	1	May	2011
Movement	in	fair	value	of	hedged	interest	rate	derivatives
Movement	in	fair	value	of	hedged	foreign	currency	derivatives
Deferred tax on fair value of interest rate and foreign currency derivatives
Amortisation of terminated foreign currency derivatives (below)
Transfer to income statement
Transfer to translation reserve (Note 32)

Group
£000

67,463

Group
£000

(5,720)
1,516
(12,873)
(1,559)
(608)
15,530
610
1,211

(1,893)
(11,368)
11,176
3,834
(605)
(4,515)
(10,876)

Company
£000

63,159

Company
£000

(5,378)
1,516
(11,987)
(1,467)
(600)
15,530
610
–

(1,776)
(11,368)
2,280
3,360
(598)
(4,515)
–

At 30 April 2012

(14,247)

(12,617)

The hedging reserve represents the cumulative amounts of changes in fair values of hedged interest rate and foreign currency derivatives that are deferred in 
equity, as explained in Note 2 and Note 23, less amounts transferred to the income statement and other components of equity.

In an earlier year, certain US Dollar/Sterling cross-currency swaps were terminated. Prior to their termination, these instruments were all designated in cash flow 
hedging	relationships.	In	accordance	with	the	provisions	of	IAS	39	(Financial	Instruments:	Recognition	and	Measurement)	in	respect	of	early	termination	of	
cash flow hedges, this value remained deferred in equity to be amortised to the income statement over the remaining life of the originally designated cash flow 
hedge. An amount of £598,000 (2011 – £600,000) was credited to the income statement in this regard, recognised within finance costs.

32. Translation reserve

At	1	May	2010
Foreign exchange differences on retranslation of net assets of subsidiary undertakings
Net foreign exchange differences on long term borrowings held as hedges
Foreign exchange element of fair value movement of hedged derivatives transferred 
from hedging reserve (Note 31)

At	1	May	2011
Foreign exchange differences on retranslation of net assets of subsidiary undertakings
Net foreign exchange differences on long term borrowings held as hedges
Foreign exchange element of fair value movement of hedged derivatives transferred 
from hedging reserve (Note 31)

At 30 April 2012

Group
£000

(5,656)
4,645
(2,516)

(1,211)

(4,738)
(16,711)
2,610

10,876

(7,963)

Company
£000

–
–
–

–

–
–
–

–

–

The translation reserve represents the aggregate of the cumulative exchange differences arising from the retranslation of the balance sheets of the Euro based 
subsidiary undertakings and the cumulative exchange differences arising from long term borrowings held as hedges and the foreign exchange element of fair 
value movements of hedged derivatives.

The management of the Group’s foreign exchange translation risks is detailed in Note 23.

70

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
  
 
  
33. Capital redemption reserve

At 1 May 2010, 1 May 2011 and 30 April 2012

34. Retained earnings

At	1	May	2010
Profit (loss) for the year
Share options exercised
Share options fair value charge
Defined benefit pension charge recognised directly in equity
Net deferred tax credit recognised directly in equity

At	1	May	2011
Profit (loss) for the year
Transfer from revaluation reserve on disposal of revalued property
Deferred taxation on disposal of revalued property
Share options exercised
Share options fair value charge
Defined benefit pension charge recognised directly in equity
Net deferred tax credit recognised directly in equity

At 30 April 2012

35.  Exceptional items

During the year, the Group recognised exceptional items in the income statement made up as follows:

Restructuring costs
Partial recovery of acquisition cost of subsidiary undertaking
Impairment of Spanish property assets
Net property losses

Exceptional administrative expenses

Impairment of Spanish intangible assets

Exceptional impairment of intangible assets

Termination of Euro interest rate swaps
Financing fees written off on extinguishment of debt
De-designation of Sterling interest rate swaps
Termination of cross-currency swaps

Exceptional finance costs

Total pre-tax exceptional items

Tax credit on exceptional items
Exceptional tax credit relating to prior year items (Note 10)
Exceptional tax charge to recognise change in UK tax rate (Note 10)
Net recognition of deferred tax assets (Note 10)

Exceptional tax credit

Group
£000

40

Group
£000

68,796
29,393
(937)
1,897
(169)
50

99,030
40,468
54
5
(1,238)
2,063
(227)
60

140,215

2012
£000

7,034
(775)
_
443

6,702

_

_

3,046
_
_
_

3,046

9,748

(2,591)
(11,505)
2,880
–

(11,216)

Company
£000

40

Company
£000

26,108
(18,384)
–
1,897
–
–

9,621
(2,957)
–
–
–
2,063
–
–

8,727

2011
£000

5,583
_
6,868
48

12,499

5,892

5,892

473
2,728
610
423

4,234

22,625

(6,653)
(4,237)
_
(5,928)

(16,818)

Restructuring costs
During the year, the Group incurred total exceptional restructuring costs of £7,034,000 (2011 – £5,583,000), of which £5,562,000 (2011 – £3,011,000) arose 
in the United Kingdom and £1,472,000 (2011 – £2,572,000) in Spain.

Partial recovery of acquisition cost of subsidiary undertaking
During the year, the Group received an exceptional credit of £775,000 (2011- £Nil) relating to the partial recovery of the cost of a previous acquisition. 

71

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
  
 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

35.  Exceptional items (continued)

Impairment of Spanish property assets 
As part of the restructuring process in Spain in the prior year, certain properties were vacated. These properties were written down to their recoverable amount, 
incurring a charge of £6,868,000 in the prior year.

Net property losses
Net property losses were £443,000 (2011 – £48,000), of which £191,000 (2011 – £54,000) arose in the United Kingdom and £252,000 (2011 – £6,000 profit) 
arose in Spain.

Impairment of Spanish intangible assets
In the prior year as part of the restructuring process in Spain, the two trading brands, Fualsa and Record, were merged under the Northgate brand. This resulted 
in a write down of intangible brand names that had been created on acquisition of the Spanish businesses of £5,892,000 in the prior year.

Termination of Euro interest rate swaps
As explained in Note 23, during the year, €59,000,000 (2011 – €87,168,000) Euro interest rate swaps were closed out at a cash cost of £3,046,000 
(2011– £473,000). At that time, these swaps were in a hedging relationship with the Euro term loan. The notional amount closed out was the amount of Euro 
term loan which was repaid and cancelled on that date. The net amount deferred into equity at that date of £3,046,000 (2011 – £473,000) was expensed in 
the income statement.

Financing fees written off on extinguishment of debt
As	part	of	the	refinancing	of	the	Group	during	April	2011,	an	eight	year	term	loan	facility	was	provided	by	M&G	UK	Companies	Financing	Fund	and	an	
element of these new funds was used to repay part of the existing bank and loan note borrowings of each lender at the date of the refinancing.  In accordance 
with IAS 39, the element of existing bank and loan note borrowings that was repaid was treated as extinguished. Unamortised financing fees of £2,728,000 
were written off in the prior year in relation to the element of existing debt that was extinguished.

De-designation of Sterling interest rate swap
During April 2011, £63,000,000 Sterling interest rate swaps were de-designated from a relationship with the Sterling denominated term loan. The net amount 
deferred into equity of £610,000 was expensed in the income statement in the prior year.

Termination of cross-currency swaps
During April 2011, cross-currency swaps with notional amounts of $6,122,000 and €575,000 were closed out at a total cash cost of £423,000. These 
cross-currency swaps were not in a hedging relationship and therefore this cost was expensed in the income statement in the prior year.

36. Operating lease arrangements

As lessee
Group

Minimum	lease	payments	under	operating	leases	recognised	in	the	income	statement	for	the	year

2012
£000

5,224

2011
£000

6,172

At the balance sheet date, the Group had outstanding commitments for future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases, which fall 
due as follows:

Group

Within one year
In the second to fifth years inclusive
After five years

2012
£000

4,367
11,683
17,145

33,195

2011
£000

4,756
10,434
17,497

32,687

Operating lease payments represent rentals payable by the Group for certain of its operating sites as well as rentals for certain vehicles.

Leases are negotiated for an average term of 13 years (2011 – 13 years) and rentals are fixed for an average term of seven years (2011 – seven years).

As lessor
The revenue of the Group is principally generated from the hire of vehicles under operating lease arrangements. There is no minimum contracted rental period. 
The revenue of the Group under these arrangements is as shown in the income statement. There are no contingent rentals recognised in income.

72

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
37.  Share based payments

The Group’s and Company’s various share incentive plans are explained in the Remuneration Report on pages 28 to 32.

The Group and Company recognised total expenses of £2,063,000 (2011 – £1,897,000) related to equity-settled share-based payment transactions in the year.

Further details regarding the plans are outlined below. 

Northgate share option scheme 

At	1	May
Forfeited during the year

At 30 April

Exercisable at the end of the year

2012
Number
of share
options

12,323
(12,323)

–

–

2012
Weighted
average
exercise price
£

19.39
19.39

–

–

2011
Number
of share
options

103,890
(91,567)

12,323

12,323

2011
Weighted
average
exercise price
£

21.08
21.31

19.39

19.39

No share options were granted or exercised in the current or prior year. The options outstanding at 30 April 2011 had a weighted average remaining 
contractual life of 4.4 years.

Executive incentive scheme

At	1	May
Lapsed during the year

At 30 April

Exercisable at the end of the year

2012
Number
of share
options

3,809
(3,809)

–

–

2012
Weighted
average
exercise price
£

9.53
9.53

–

–

2011
Number
of share
options

10,492
(6,683)

3,809

3,809

2011
Weighted
average
exercise price
£

9.41
9.34

9.53

9.53

No share options were granted or exercised in the current or prior year. The options outstanding at 30 April 2011 had a weighted average remaining 
contractual life of 0.2 years.

Deferred annual bonus plan
All options granted under this scheme are nil cost options. 

At	1	May
Granted during the year
Exercised during the year
Forfeited during the year

At 30 April

A total of 74,591 (2011 – 35,955) options were exercisable at the end of the year.

The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of options in the current year was £3.24 (2011 – £2.31).

2012
Number of
share options

520,119
260,080
(153,344)
(34,016)

592,839

2011
Number of
share options

168,469
433,812
(81,932)
(230)

520,119

73

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
Notes to the accounts (continued)

37.  Share based payments (continued)

The options outstanding at 30 April 2012 had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 3.5 years (2011 – 3.2 years). In the current year, options were 
granted in August 2011. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the options granted on this date was considered to be £652,000. In the prior year, 
options were granted in August 2010. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the options granted on this date was £827,000.

The inputs into the Black-Scholes model were as follows:
Weighted average share price 
Weighted average exercise price
Expected volatility
Expected life
Risk free rate
Expected dividends

2012

2011

£2.70
£Nil
133.2%
3 years
1.5%
2.5%

£1.83
£Nil
136.8%
3 years
2.0%
0.0%

Expected volatility was determined by calculating the historical volatility of the Group’s share price over the previous three years.

All employee share scheme
The scheme has a 12 month accumulation period. Partnership shares are purchased by the employee at the end of the accumulation period from the amount 
contributed by the employee during that period. The Company allocates an amount of free matching shares equivalent to the number of partnership shares 
purchased. The vesting period for matching shares is three years.

Matching	shares	are	forfeited	if	the	employee	either	sells	the	related	partnership	shares	or	leaves	the	Group	before	the	three	years	have	elapsed.

Details of matching shares which had not vested at 30 April were as follows:

At	1	May
Allocated during the year
Forfeited during the year
Vested	during	the	year

At 30 April

2012
Number of
shares

625,949
167,499
(255,999)
(61,733)

475,716

2011
Number of
shares

590,776
172,767
(64,690)
(72,904)

625,949

The share price at the date of vesting for matching shares during the year was £2.10 (2011 – £2.98). The non-vested matching shares outstanding at 30 April 
2012 had a weighted average remaining period until vesting of 1.6 years (2011 – 1.6 years). In the current year, matching shares were allocated in January 
2012. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the matching shares allocated on this date was £297,000. In the prior year, matching shares were allocated 
in January 2011. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the matching shares allocated on this date was £502,000.

The inputs into the Black-Scholes model are as follows:
Weighted average share price
Weighted average vesting price
Expected volatility
Expected life
Risk free rate
Expected dividends

2012

2011

£2.09
£Nil
117.7%
5 years
1.0%
3.2%

£2.91
£Nil
136.8%
5 years
2.3%
0.0%

Expected volatility was determined by calculating the historical volatility of the Group’s share price over the previous three years.

74

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
37.  Share based payments (continued)

Management performance share plan
All options granted under this scheme are nil cost options.

Details of the share options outstanding during the year are as follows:

At	1	May
Granted during the year
Exercised during the year
Forfeited during the year

At 30 April

2012
Number of
share
options

1,285,859
362,372
(87,786)
(239,903)

2011
Number of
share
options

1,057,562
604,664
(80,107)
(296,260)

1,320,542

1,285,859

A total of 64,814 (2011 – Nil) options were exercisable at the end of the year. The weighted average share price at the date of exercise of options in the current 
year was £2.58 (2011 – £2.31).

The options outstanding at 30 April 2012 had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 1.2 years (2011 – 1.7 years). In the current year, share options 
were granted in July 2011. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the options granted on this date was £925,000. In the prior year, share options were 
granted in July 2010. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the options granted on this date was £1,105,000.

The inputs into the Black-Scholes model were as follows:
Weighted average share price
Weighted average exercise price
Expected volatility
Expected life
Risk free rate
Expected dividends

Expected volatility was determined by calculating the historical volatility of the Group’s share price over the previous three years.

Executive performance share plan
All options granted under this scheme are nil cost options.

Details of the share options outstanding during the year are as follows:

At	1	May
Granted during the year
Lapsed during the year

At 30 April

2012

2011

£2.76
£Nil
133.3%
3 years
1.9%
2.5%

£1.83
£Nil
136.8%
3 years
2.0%
0.0%

2012
Number of
share
options

482,858
251,600
(49,313)

2011
Number of
share
options

532,173
302,593
(351,908)

685,145

482,858

A total of 130,952 (2011 – Nil) options were exercisable at the end of the year.

The options outstanding at 30 April 2012 had a weighted average remaining contractual life of 0.7 years (2011 – 1.8 years). In the current year, share options 
were granted in July 2011. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the options granted on this date was £643,000. In the prior year, share options were 
granted in July 2010. The aggregate of the estimated fair values of the options granted on this date was £553,000.

The inputs into the Black-Scholes model were as follows:
Weighted average share price
Weighted average exercise price
Expected volatility
Expected life
Risk free rate
Expected dividends

2012

2011

£2.76
£Nil
133.3%
3 years
1.9%
2.5%

£1.83
£Nil
136.8%
3 years
2.0%
0.0%

Expected volatility was determined by calculating the historical volatility of the Group’s share price over the previous three years.

75

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
  
 
 
 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

38.  Retirement benefit schemes

During the year the Group operated two group personal pension plans and The Willhire Pension Scheme (‘the Scheme’), which includes both defined benefit 
and defined contribution sections. The total operating pension cost to the Group of all these arrangements was £1,407,000 (2011 – £1,425,000) all of which 
related to the defined contribution schemes.

The Scheme
The Scheme, which is established under Trust, is financed through separate trustee administered funds managed by independent professional fund managers 
on behalf of the Trustees.

The Scheme is closed to both new members and to future service accrual for existing members.

Contributions to the Scheme are based upon actuarial advice following the most recent actuarial valuation of the fund. The most recent actuarial valuation of 
the Scheme was performed at 6 April 2010 by JLT Pension Capital Strategies.

The present value of the defined benefit obligation, the related current service cost and the past service cost were measured using the projected unit credit 
method and the following principal assumptions set out below.

Discount rate
Inflation rate - RPI
Inflation rate - CPI
Salary increases
Future pension increases
Life expectancy of retirees in current year
Life expectancy of retirees 25 years hence

The Directors do not consider that the Group is materially sensitive to changes in these key assumptions.

Amounts recognised as costs (income) in respect of the Scheme are as follows:

Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets

Total pension charge

2012
Valuation
% pa

4.6
3.1
2.4
n/a
2.4
23 to 26 years
25 to 28 years

2011
Valuation
% pa

5.3
3.5
n/a
n/a
3.4
23 to 26 years
25 to 28 years

2012
£000

231
(165)

66

2011
£000

244
(171)

73

Actuarial gains and losses have been reported directly in equity, within retained earnings. The cumulative net amount of actuarial losses reflected directly in 
equity since 3 February 2006 is £133,000 (2011 – £94,000 gain).

The actual return on the scheme assets was a gain of £280,000 (2011 – £235,000). There are no reimbursement rights.

The amount included in the balance sheet arising from the Group’s obligations in respect of its defined retirement benefit scheme is as follows:

Present value of defined benefit obligations
Fair value of Scheme assets

Asset (liability) recognised in the balance sheet

The asset recognised in the balance sheet is included within other debtors and prepayments (Note 20).

The net movements in the surplus (deficit) were as follows:

At	1	May
Pension charge recognised in the income statement
Actuarial losses
Contributions

At 30 April

2012
£000

(4,402)
4,477

75

2012
£000

(142)
(66)
(227)
510

75

2011
£000

(4,832)
4,690

(142)

2011
£000

(539)
(73)
(169)
639

(142)

76

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
38.  Retirement benefit schemes (continued)

Movements	in	the	present	value	of	the	defined	benefit	obligations	were	as	follows:

At	1	May
Interest cost
Actuarial losses
Benefits paid

At 30 April

Movements	in	the	fair	value	of	Scheme	assets	were	as	follows:

At	1	May
Expected return on Scheme assets
Contributions
Benefits paid
Actuarial gains

At 30 April

2012
£000

4,832
231
342
(1,003)

4,402

2012
£000

4,690
165
510
(1,003)
115

4,477

2011
£000

4,501
244
233
(146)

4,832

2011
£000

3,962
171
639
(146)
64

4,690

The derivation of the overall expected return on assets reflects the actual asset allocation at the measurement date combined with an expected return for each 
asset class. The bond return is based on the prevailing return available on bonds. The return on equities and property is based on a number of factors including 
the income yield at the measurement date, the long term growth prospects for the economy in general, the long term relationship between each asset class 
and the bond returns and the movement in market indices since the previous measurement date.

The analysis of the Scheme assets and the expected rate of return at the balance sheet date was as follows:

Equity instruments
Debt instruments
Other

2012
Expected
return
%

3.9
1.9
1.9

2012
Fair value
of assets
£000

813
3,530
134

4,477

2011
Expected
return
%

5.0
3.0
3.0

2011
Fair value
of assets
£000

1,657
2,782
251

4,690

The Scheme assets do not comprise any of the Group’s own financial instruments nor does the Group occupy any property or use any other assets held by the 
Scheme.

During the current year, contributions totalled £510,000 in accordance with latest actuarial advice received. The estimated amount of contributions expected to 
be paid to the Scheme during the year ended 30 April 2013 is £510,000.

The history of experience adjustments for the last five years is as follows:

Funded status:
Present value of defined benefit obligation
Fair value of Scheme assets

Surplus (deficit) in the Scheme

Experience adjustments on Scheme 
obligations:
Amount
Percentage of Scheme obligations (%)

Experience adjustments on Scheme 
assets:
Amount
Percentage of Scheme assets (%)

2012
£000

(4,402)
4,477

75

(75)
(1.7)%

115
2.6%

2011
£000

(4,832)
4,690

(142)

35
0.7%

64
1.4%

2010
£000

(4,501)
3,962

(539)

65
1.4%

539
13.6%

2009
£000

(3,659)
3,194

(465)

(59)
(1.6)%

(609)
(19.1)%

2008
£000

(4,055)
3,502

(553)

(185)
(4.6)%

(176)
(5.0)%

77

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

39.  Financial instruments

The following disclosures and analysis relate to the Group’s financial instruments, as defined by IFRS 7 (Financial Instruments: Disclosures).

Capital risk management
The Group manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Group will be able to continue as going concerns while maximising the return to stakeholders 
through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance. The capital structure of the Group consists of debt, which includes the borrowings disclosed in 
Note 22, cash and cash equivalents and equity attributable to equity holders of the parent, comprising issued share capital, reserves and retained earnings as 
disclosed in Notes 26 to 34.

Foreign currency risk management
The Group undertakes certain transactions denominated in foreign currencies. Hence, exposures to exchange rate fluctuations arise. Exchange rate exposures 
are managed within approved policy parameters as discussed in Notes 22 and 23.

Foreign currency sensitivity analysis
The Group is exposed to movements in the exchange rate between Euro and Sterling and US Dollars and Sterling, where Sterling is the functional currency of 
the Group. As explained in more detail below and in Note 23, identical key terms between US Dollar denominated loan note liabilities and Sterling/US Dollar 
cross-currency derivatives mean that the profit and loss and equity of the Group is not materially sensitive to fluctuations in the exchange rate between US 
Dollars and Sterling.

This means that the material sensitivity of the profit or loss and equity of the Group to exchange rate movements arises due to fluctuations in the exchange rate 
between Euro and Sterling only.

The following tables detail the Group’s sensitivity to a €0.10 (2011 – €0.10) increase and decrease in the Euro/Sterling exchange rate.

A €0.10 (2011 – €0.10) movement in the rate in either direction is management’s assessment of the reasonably possible change in foreign exchange rates in 
the near term. The sensitivity analysis includes only any outstanding foreign currency denominated monetary items and adjusts their translation at the period 
end for a €0.10 (2011 – €0.10) change in foreign currency rates.

2012 

Total equity

2011 

Total equity

As stated in
annual report
£000

As would be
stated if
m0.10 increase
£000

As would be
stated if
€0.10 decrease
£000

366,136

363,577

369,146

As stated in
annual report
£000

339,759

As would be
stated if
€0.10 increase
£000

336,891

As would be
stated if
€0.10 decrease
£000

343,190

There is no material impact on the income statement in either year.

Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency derivatives
As explained in Note 23, the Group has Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency derivatives to manage its exposure to foreign exchange movements between US 
Dollars, the denomination of loan note liabilities, and Sterling, the functional currency of the Group. The movement in fair value of these derivatives is a 
function of both the Sterling/US Dollar exchange rate and market interest rates prevailing in the United Kingdom and United States.

As a result of the key terms of the cross-currency derivatives and the loan notes, against which a hedging relationship is designated, being identical, any gains 
or losses on foreign exchange included in the fair value of the Sterling/US Dollar cross-currency swaps are transferred to the income statement and are exactly 
offset in the income statement by an equal and opposite amount on retranslation of the US dollar loan notes to the closing rate prevailing at the balance sheet 
date, leaving a net impact of £Nil on the income statement for all Sterling/US Dollar exchange rates.

The net impact on the hedging reserve, arising from these particular derivatives, therefore represents only the gain or loss on the interest rate element of the 
fair value of the derivatives, as explained further in Note 23. Consequently, any fluctuation in the rate of the US Dollar has no impact on either profit and loss or 
equity.

Interest rate risk management
The Group is exposed to interest rate risk, as entities within the Group borrow funds at both fixed and floating interest rates. The risk is managed by the Group 
by maintaining an appropriate mix between fixed and floating rate borrowings and by the use of interest rate swap and collar contracts. Hedging activities are 
reviewed regularly to align with interest rate views and defined risk appetite, ensuring optimal hedging strategies are applied.

The Group’s exposures to interest rates on financial assets and financial liabilities are detailed in the liquidity risk management section of this note.

78

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
39.  Financial instruments (continued)

Interest rate sensitivity analysis
The sensitivity analyses below have been determined on the exposure to interest rates for floating rate liabilities and related derivatives. For the floating 
rate liabilities, the analysis is prepared on the basis of both the average liability outstanding over the period and average rate applicable for the period. In all 
instances it is assumed that any derivatives designated in hedging relationships are 100% effective.

A 1.0% (2011 – 1.0%) increase or decrease has been used in the analyses and represents management’s best estimate of a reasonably possible change in 
interest rate in the near term.

2012  

Profit before taxation

Total equity

2011  

Profit before taxation

Total equity

As stated in
annual report
£000

As would be
stated if
1.0% increase
£000

As would be
stated if
1.0% decrease
£000

45,987

45,022

46,952

366,136

365,421

366,850

As stated in
annual report
£000

26,540

339,759

As would be
stated if
1.0% increase
£000

24,982

338,638

As would be
stated if
1.0% decrease
£000

28,098

340,880

Interest rate swap contracts
Under interest rate swap contracts, the Group agrees to exchange the difference between fixed and floating rate interest amounts calculated on agreed 
notional principal amounts. Such contracts enable the Group to mitigate the risk of changing interest rates and the cash flow exposures on the issued variable 
rate debt held. The fair value of interest rate swaps at the reporting date is determined by discounting the future cash flows using the curves at the reporting 
date and the credit risk inherent in the contract and is disclosed below. The average interest rate is based on the outstanding balances at the end of the 
financial year.

The following table details the notional principal amounts and remaining terms of interest rate swap contracts outstanding at the reporting date:

Outstanding receive floating pay
fixed contracts

Sterling
In less than one year
In the second year
After five years

Euro
In less than one year
In the second year
In the third to fifth years inclusive*

Outstanding pay floating receive fixed 
contracts

Sterling
In less than one year

In the second year

Average contract
fixed interest rate

2012
%

2.44%
–
3.62%

2.35%
–
3.12%

2011
%

–
2.44%
3.62%

–
2.35%
–

Notional principal
amount

2012
£000

25,000
–
100,000

152,832
–
76,416

2011
£000

–
63,000
100,000

–
212,832
–

Fair value 

2012
£000

(152)
–
(12,251)

(894)
–
(3,036)

2011
£000

–
(610)
(2,336)

–
(2,455)
–

1.13%

–

25,000

–

–

1.13%

–

63,000

19

–

–

24

* commencing September 2012 and maturing September 2014

Liquidity risk management
Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the Board of Directors, which has built an appropriate liquidity risk management framework for 
the management of the Group’s short, medium and long term funding and liquidity requirements. The Group manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate 
reserves, banking facilities and reserve borrowing facilities by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows and matching the maturity profiles of 
financial assets and liabilities. Included in Note 22 is a description of additional undrawn facilities that the Group has at its disposal to further reduce liquidity 
risk.

79

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

39.  Financial instruments (continued)

Liquidity and interest risk tables
The following table details the Group’s remaining contractual maturity for its non-derivative financial liabilities. The table has been drawn up based on the 
undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest date on which the Group can be required to pay. The table includes both interest and 
principal cash flows. All interest cash flows and the weighted average effective interest rate have been calculated using interest rate conditions prevailing at the 
balance sheet date.

2012

Non-interest bearing
Fixed interest rate instruments
Variable	interest	rate	instruments

2011

Non-interest bearing
Fixed interest rate instruments
Variable	interest	rate	instruments

Weighted
average
effective
interest
rate

0.00%
7.89%
4.46%

Weighted
average
effective
interest
rate

0.00%
7.89%
4.53%

<1 year
£000

29,093
58,102
93,106

2nd year
£000

–
52,947
8,022

3-5 years
£000

–
94,894
73,714

>5 years
£000

–
500
106,140

Total
£000

29,093
206,443
280,982

180,301

60,969

168,608

106,640

516,518

<1	year
£000

36,985
13,438
30,827

81,250

2nd year
£000

–
60,642
107,080

167,722

3-5 years
£000

–
72,780
312,470

385,250

>5 years
£000

–
82,378
110,989

193,367

Total
£000

36,985
229,238
561,366

827,589

The following table details the Group’s liquidity analysis for its derivative financial instruments. It includes both liabilities and assets to illustrate how the 
cashflows are matched in each period.

The table has been drawn up based on the undiscounted net cash inflows (outflows) on the derivative instruments that settle on a net basis and the 
undiscounted gross cash inflows (outflows) on those derivatives that require gross settlement. When the amount payable or receivable is not fixed, the amounts 
disclosed have been determined by reference to the floating rates applicable at the balance sheet date, which have then been used to project future cash flows.

2012

Liabilities
Net settled:
Interest rate swaps
Gross settled:
Cross-currency derivatives

Assets
Gross settled:
Cross-currency derivatives

2011

Liabilities
Net settled:
Interest rate swaps
Gross settled:
Cross-currency derivatives

Assets
Gross settled:
Cross-currency derivatives

<1 year
£000

2nd year
£000

3-5 years
£000

>5 years
£000

Total
£000

4,472

4,110

8,436

8,242

25,260

64,592

69,064

62,396

62,396

59,047

63,157

59,818

59,818

81,860

90,296

82,251

82,251

–

205,499

8,242

230,759

–

–

204,465

204,465

<1	year
£000

2nd year
£000

3-5 years
£000

>5 years
£000

Total
£000

4,749

4,935

11,853

11,678

33,215

20,861

25,610

18,934

18,934

24,733

29,668

22,795

22,795

99,271

111,124

92,312

103,990

96,274

96,274

91,940

91,940

237,177

270,392

229,943

229,943

80

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
39.  Financial instruments (continued)

Fair value of financial instruments
The Group is required to analyse financial instruments that are measured subsequent to initial recognition at fair value, grouped into Levels 1 to 3 based on the 
degree to which fair value is observable:

•	

•	

•	

Level 1 fair value measurements are those derived from quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2 fair value measurements are those derived from inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability 
either directly (i.e. prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices); and

Level 3 fair value measurements are those derived from valuation techniques that include inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable 
market data (unobservable inputs).

All the financial instruments below are categorised as Level 2.

The fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities are determined as follows:

•	

•	

Derivative financial instruments are measured at the present value of future cash flows estimated and discounted based on applicable yield curves derived 
from quoted interest rates; and

The fair value of other non-derivative financial assets and financial liabilities are determined in accordance with generally accepted pricing models based on 
discounted cash flow analysis.

Except as detailed in the following table, the carrying amounts of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded at amortised cost in the financial statements 
approximate their fair values or, in the case of interest rate swaps and cross-currency derivatives, are held at fair value:

Financial liabilities
Loan notes

Carrying amount

2012
£000

2011
£000

Fair value

2012
£000

2011
£000

161,002

161,718

173,316

173,874

Credit risk management
Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Group.

The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables. The trade receivable amounts presented in the balance sheet are net of allowances 
for doubtful receivables. An allowance for impairment is made where there is an identified loss event which, based on previous experience, is evidence of a 
reduction in the recoverability of the cash flows.

Trade receivables
Trade receivables (maximum exposure to credit risk)
Allowance for doubtful receivables

Ageing of trade receivables not impaired
Not overdue
Past due not more than two months
Past due more than two months but not more than four months
Past due more than four months but not more than six months

2012
£000

2011
£000

105,308
(20,378)

84,930

2012
£000

63,363
17,789
2,361
1,417

133,125
(22,210)

110,915

2011
£000

93,843
15,155
1,461
456

84,930

110,915

Before accepting any new customers, the Group will perform credit analysis to assess the credit risk on an individual basis. This enables the Group only to deal 
with creditworthy customers therefore reducing the risk of financial loss from defaults. Of the trade receivables balance at the end of the year, approximately 
£1,688,000 (2011 – £781,000) is due from the Group’s largest customer. There are no customers who represent more than five per cent of the total balance of 
trade receivables.

The Group has no significant concentration of credit risk as trade receivables consist of a large number of customers, spread across diverse industries and 
geographical areas in the UK and Spain.

Included in the Group’s trade receivables balance are debtors with a carrying amount of £21,567,000 (2011 – £17,072,000) which are past due at the 
reporting date for which the Group has not provided as there has not been a significant change in credit quality and the amounts are still considered 
recoverable.

81

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Notes to the accounts (continued)

39.  Financial instruments (continued)

Movement in the allowance for doubtful receivables
At	1	May
Impairment losses recognised
Amounts written off as uncollectible
Impaired losses reversed
Exchange differences

At 30 April

2012
£000

22,210
9,364
(5,319)
(4,403)
(1,474)

20,378

2011
£000

17,080
9,040
(787)
(3,583)
460

22,210

In determining the recoverability of a trade receivable the Group considers any change in the credit quality of the trade receivable from the date credit was 
initially granted up to the reporting date. The concentration of credit risk is limited due to the customer base being large and mainly unrelated. Accordingly, the 
Directors believe that there is no further credit provision required in excess of the allowance for doubtful receivables.

Included in the allowance for doubtful receivables are trade receivables which have been placed under liquidation of £260,000 (2011 – £456,000).

Ageing of impaired trade receivables
Not overdue
Past due not more than two months
Past due more than two months but not more than four months
Past due more than four months but not more than six months
Past due more than six months but not more than one year

2012
£000

1,605
862
4,926
733
12,252

20,378

2011
£000

789
431
4,868
314
15,808

22,210

The Directors consider that the carrying amount of trade and other receivables approximates their fair value.

Trade receivables (Note 20), cash and cash equivalents and trade payables (Note 21) are shown at amortised cost. All other financial instruments are at fair 
value.

The Company has no trade receivables and no intercompany receivables past due date.

40. Related party transactions

Transactions with subsidiary undertakings
Transactions between the Company and its subsidiary undertakings, which are related parties, are £5,868,000 (2011- £4,682,000) net interest payable.

Balances with subsidiary undertakings at the balance sheet date are shown in Notes 20 and 21.

Remuneration of key management personnel
In the current and prior year, the Directors of Northgate plc are determined to be the key management personnel of the Group. There are other senior 
executives in the Group who are able to influence the Company in the achievement of its goals. However, in the opinion of the Directors, only the Directors of 
the Company have significant authority for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the Group.

During the year, consultancy fees of £111,000 (2011 – £Nil) were paid by Northgate España Renting Flexible S.A to JG Astrand. The details of the consultancy 
are set out in the Corporate Governance report on pages 34 and 35. 

In respect of the compensation of key management personnel, the short term employee benefits, post-employment (pension) benefits, termination benefits and 
details of share options granted are set out in the audited part of the Remuneration Report on pages 28 to 32. The fair value charged to the income statement 
in respect of equity-settled share-based payment transactions with the Directors is £418,000 (2011 – £251,000). There are no other long term benefits accruing 
to key management personnel, other than as set out in the audited part of the Remuneration Report.

82

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notes to the accounts  
continued

 
  
 
  
 
Five year financial summary

Based on the consolidated accounts for years ended 30 April and adjusted to reflect the effect of subsequent changes in accounting policy.

Income statement 

Revenue: hire of vehicles

Operating profit (loss)

Net finance costs
Profit (loss) before taxation
Taxation

Profit (loss) for the year

Basic earnings (loss) per Ordinary share
Dividends
Dividends per Ordinary share

2012
£000

503,659

94,478

(48,491)
45,987
(5,519)

40,468

30.4p
–
–

2011
£000

2010
£000

2009
£000

537,285

563,698

609,645

82,575

(56,035)
26,540
2,853

29,393

22.1p
–
–

71,109

(61,494)
9,615
14,741

24,356

23.1p
–
–

(117,531)

(78,083)
(195,614)
9,912

(185,702)

(572.6)p
19,359
25.0p

2008
£000

578,462

118,206

(38,714)
79,492
(18,158)

61,334

188.6p
18,982
60.9p

Balance sheet

Assets employed
Non-current assets
Net current (liabilities) assets
Non-current liabilities

Financed by
Share capital
Share premium account
Reserves

Net asset value per Ordinary share

 2012
£000

 2011
£000

 2010
£000

2009
£000

2008
£000

723,675
(74,744)
(282,795)

819,082
145,170
(624,493)

885,124
(6,024)
(573,994)

983,173
172,373
(972,787)

1,209,207
164,221
(974,875)

366,136

339,759

305,106

182,759

398,553

66,616
113,508
186,012

366,136

275p

66,616
113,508
159,635

339,759

255p

66,475
113,269
125,362

305,106

229p

3,527
67,972
111,260

182,759

563p

3,527
67,972
327,054

398,553

1,227p

83

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Five year financial summary 

 
  
 
  
 
 
 
Notice of Annual General Meeting

3. 

4. 

5. 

6.	

7.	

8.	

9.	

Notice is hereby given that the one hundred and fourteenth Annual General 
Meeting	of	Northgate	plc	(‘the	Company‘)	will	be	held	at	Norflex	House,	
Allington Way, Darlington DL1 4DY at 11.30 a.m. on 19 September 2012 
for the purpose of considering and, if thought fit, passing the following 
resolutions of which resolutions 1 to 12 will be proposed as ordinary 
resolutions and resolutions 13,14 and 15 will be proposed as special 
resolutions:

1. 

 To receive the Directors’ report and audited accounts of the Company 
for the year ended 30 April 2012.

2.   To declare a final dividend of 3.0p per Ordinary share

 To receive and approve the Remuneration Report for the financial year 
ended 30 April 2012 set out on pages 28 to 32 of the 2012 Annual 
Report and Accounts.

a. 

b. 

 to the allotment of equity securities in connection with a rights 
issue in favour of Ordinary shareholders where the equity securities 
respectively attributable to the interests of all Ordinary shareholders 
are proportionate (as nearly as may be) to the respective numbers 
of Ordinary shares held by them; and

 to the allotment (otherwise than pursuant to sub-paragraph (a) 
above) of equity securities up to an aggregate nominal value of 
£3,330,000 and shall expire on the date of the next annual general 
meeting of the Company after the passing of this resolution 
save that the Company may before such expiry make an offer or 
agreement which would or might require equity securities to be 
allotted after such expiry and the Board may allot equity securities 
in pursuance of such an offer or agreement as if the power 
conferred hereby had not expired.  

 To re-appoint Deloitte LLP as auditor of the Company to hold office until 
the	conclusion	of	the	next	Annual	General	Meeting.

14. 

 That a general meeting, other than an annual general meeting, may be 
called on not less than 14 clear days’ notice.

 To authorise the Audit and Risk Committee to determine the 
remuneration of the auditor.

To	re-elect	Mr	RD	Mackenzie	as	a	Director.

To	re-elect	Mr	AJ	Allner	as	a	Director.

To	re-elect	Mr	JG	Astrand	as	a	Director.

To	re-elect	Mr	THP	Brown	as	a	Director.

10.	 To	re-elect	Mr	RL	Contreras	as	a	Director.

11.	 To	re-elect	Mr	CJR	Muir	as	a	Director.

12. 

 That the Board be and it is hereby generally and unconditionally 
authorised pursuant to s551 of the Companies Act 2006 (‘the Act’) to 
exercise all powers of the Company to allot shares in the Company and 
to grant rights to subscribe for or to convert any security into shares in 
the Company: 

a. 

b. 

 up to an aggregate nominal amount of £22,000,000 provided that 
this authority shall expire on the date of the next annual general 
meeting of the Company after the passing of this resolution 
save that the Company may before such expiry make an offer or 
agreement which would or might require shares to be allotted 
or rights to subscribe for or convert securities into shares to be 
granted after such expiry and the Board may allot shares or grant 
rights to subscribe for or convert securities into shares in pursuance 
of such an offer or agreement as if the authority conferred hereby 
had not expired; and

 up to a further aggregate nominal amount of £22,000,000, 
provided that (i) they are equity securities (within the meaning of 
s560(1) of the Act) and (ii) are offered in connection with a rights 
issue in favour of Ordinary shareholders where the equity securities 
respectively attributable to the interests of all Ordinary shareholders 
are proportionate (as nearly as may be) to the respective numbers 
of Ordinary shares held by them provided that this authority 
shall expire on the date of the next annual general meeting of 
the Company after the passing of this resolution save that the 
Company may before such expiry make an offer or agreement 
which would or might require equity securities to be allotted after 
such expiry and the Board may allot equity securities in pursuance 
of such an offer or agreement as if the authority conferred hereby 
had not expired.

13. 

 That subject to the passing of Resolution 12 the Board be and it is 
hereby empowered pursuant to s570 of the Companies Act 2006 to 
allot equity securities (within the meaning of s560 of the Act) for cash 
pursuant to the authority conferred by the previous resolution as if 
sub-section (1) of s561 of the Act did not apply to any such allotment 
provided that this power shall be limited:

15. 

 That the Company be generally and unconditionally authorised to make 
market purchases (within the meaning of s693(4) of the Companies Act 
2006) of Ordinary shares of 50p each of the Company on such terms 
and in such manner as the Directors may from time to time determine, 
provided that:

a. 

b. 

c.  

d. 

e. 

 the maximum number of Ordinary shares hereby authorised to be 
acquired is 13,300,000 representing approximately 10% of the 
issued Ordinary share capital of the Company as at 26 June 2012;

 the minimum price which may be paid for any such Ordinary share 
is 50p;

 the maximum price (excluding expenses) which may be paid for 
any such Ordinary share is an amount equal to 105% of the 
average of the middle market quotations for an Ordinary share in 
the Company as derived from The London Stock Exchange Daily 
Official List for the five business days immediately preceding the 
day on which such share is contracted to be purchased;

 the authority hereby conferred shall expire at the end of the next 
Annual	General	Meeting	of	the	Company	after	the	passing	of	this	
resolution unless previously renewed, varied or revoked by the 
Company in general meeting; and

 the Company may make a contract to purchase its Ordinary shares 
under the authority hereby conferred prior to the expiry of such 
authority, which contract will or may be executed wholly or partly 
after the expiry of such authority, and may purchase its Ordinary 
shares in pursuance of any such contract.

The Directors of the Company consider that all the proposals set out in 
the above Resolutions are in the best interests of the Company and of the 
shareholders as a whole. They unanimously recommend that you vote 
in favour of them as they intend to do in respect of their own beneficial 
holdings which amount in aggregate to 351,745 shares representing 
approximately 0.26% of the issued Ordinary share capital of the Company.

26 June 2012 
By Order of the Board

D Henderson 
Secretary

Registered office: 
Norflex House 
Allington Way 
Darlington 
DL1 4DY

84

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notice of Annual General Meeting 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
of the Company’s accounts (including the auditor’s report and the conduct of the 
audit)	that	are	to	be	laid	before	the	Meeting;	or	(b)	any	circumstances	connected	
with an auditor of the Company ceasing to hold office since the last Annual General 
Meeting,	that	the	members	propose	to	raise	at	the	Meeting.	The	Company	cannot	
require the members requesting the publication to pay its expenses. Any statement 
placed on the website must also be sent to the Company’s auditor no later than 
the time it makes its statement available on the website. The business which may 
be	dealt	with	at	the	Meeting	includes	any	statement	that	the	Company	has	been	
required to publish on its website.

10.		The	Company	must	cause	to	be	answered	at	the	Meeting	any	question	relating	to	

the	business	being	dealt	with	at	the	Meeting	which	is	put	by	a	member	attending	the	
Meeting,	except	in	certain	circumstances,	including	if	it	would	interfere	unduly	with	
the	preparation	for	the	Meeting	or	if	it	is	undesirable	in	the	interests	of	the	Company	
or	the	good	order	of	the	Meeting	that	the	question	be	answered	or	if	to	do	so	would	
involve the disclosure of confidential information.

11.  As at 26 June 2012 (being the latest practicable date prior to the publication of this 
notice), the Company’s issued share capital consists of 133,232,518 Ordinary shares 
of 50 pence each, carrying one vote each and 1,000,000 preference shares of 50 
pence each, which do not carry any rights to vote on the above resolutions. Therefore 
the total voting rights in the Company are 133,232,518.

12.  The contents of this notice of meeting, details of the total number of shares in 
respect	of	which	members	are	entitled	to	exercise	voting	rights	at	the	Meeting,	
the	total	voting	rights	that	members	are	entitled	to	exercise	at	the	Meeting	and,	if	
applicable, any members’ statements, members’ resolutions or members’ matters of 
business received by the Company after the date of this notice will be available on 
the Company’s website: www.northgateplc.com.

13.  You may not use any electronic address provided in this notice of meeting to 

communicate with the Company for any purposes other than those expressly stated.

14.  Under sections 338 and 338A of the Act, members meeting the threshold 

requirements in those sections have the right to require the Company (i) to give, 
to	members	of	the	Company	entitled	to	receive	notice	of	the	Meeting,	notice	of	a	
resolution which those members intend to move (and which may properly be moved) 
at	the	Meeting;	and/or	(ii)	to	include	in	the	business	to	be	dealt	with	at	the	Meeting	
any matter (other than a proposed resolution) which may properly be included in the 
business	at	the	Meeting.	A	resolution	may	properly	be	moved,	or	a	matter	properly	
included in the business, unless (a) (in the case of a resolution only) it would, if 
passed, be ineffective (whether by reason of any inconsistency with any enactment or 
the Company’s constitution or otherwise); (b) it is defamatory of any person; or (c) it 
is frivolous or vexatious. A request made pursuant to this right may be in hard copy 
or electronic form, must identify the resolution of which notice is to be given or the 
matter to be included in the business, must be authenticated by the person(s) making 
it and must be received by the Company not later than 7 August 2012, being the 
date	6	clear	weeks	before	the	Meeting,	and	(in	the	case	of	a	matter	to	be	included	in	
the business only) must be accompanied by a statement setting out the grounds for 
the request.

Notice	of	Annual	General	Meeting	(continued)

NOTES

1.	

2. 

3. 

4. 

5.	

6. 

7. 

	A	member	entitled	to	attend	and	vote	at	the	Annual	General	Meeting	(‘the	meeting’)	
may appoint another person(s) (who need not be a member of the Company) to 
exercise	all	or	any	of	his	rights	to	attend,	speak	and	vote	at	the	Meeting.	A	member	
can	appoint	more	than	one	proxy	in	relation	to	the	Meeting,	provided	that	each	
proxy is appointed to exercise the rights attaching to different shares held by him.

 A proxy does not need to be a member of the Company but must attend the 
Meeting	to	represent	you.		Your	proxy	could	be	the	Chairman,	another	director	of	
the Company or another person who has agreed to attend to represent you.  Your 
proxy must vote as you instruct and must attend the meeting for your vote to be 
counted.		Appointing	a	proxy	does	not	preclude	you	from	attending	the	Meeting	and	
voting in person.

 A proxy form which may be used to make this appointment and give proxy 
instructions accompanies this notice. Details of how to appoint a proxy are set out 
in the notes to the proxy form. As an alternative to completing a hard copy proxy 
form, proxies may be appointed by using the electronic proxy appointment service 
in accordance with the procedures set out in Note 6 below. CREST members may 
appoint proxies using the CREST electronic proxy appointment service (see Note 7 
below). In each case the appointment must be received by the Company not less 
than	48	hours	before	the	time	of	the	Meeting.

 A copy of this notice has been sent for information only to persons who have 
been nominated by a member to enjoy information rights under section 146 of 
the Act (‘a Nominated Person’). The rights to appoint a proxy cannot be exercised 
by a Nominated Person: they can only be exercised by the member. However, a 
Nominated Person may have a right under an agreement between him and the 
member	by	whom	he	was	nominated	to	be	appointed	as	a	proxy	for	the	Meeting	
or to have someone else so appointed. If a Nominated Person does not have such a 
right or does not wish to exercise it, he may have a right under such an agreement to 
give instructions to the member as to the exercise of voting rights.

	To	be	entitled	to	attend	and	vote,	whether	in	person	or	by	proxy,	at	the	Meeting,	
members must be registered in the register of members of the Company 48 hours 
before	the	time	of	the	Meeting	(or,	if	the	Meeting	is	adjourned,	48	hours	before	
the adjourned meeting). Changes to entries on the register after this time shall be 
disregarded in determining the rights of persons to attend or vote (and the number 
of	votes	they	may	cast)	at	the	Meeting	or	adjourned	meeting.

 Shareholders wishing to appoint a proxy online should visit  
www.capitashareportal.com and follow the instructions on screen. (If you have not 
already registered with The Share Portal you will need to identify yourself with your 
personal Investor Code (see Attendance Card). To be valid your proxy appointment(s) 
and instructions should reach Capita Registrars no later than 48 hours before the 
time	set	for	the	Meeting.

 CREST members who wish to appoint a proxy or proxies by utilising the CREST 
electronic proxy appointment service may do so by utilising the procedures described 
in	the	CREST	Manual	on	the	Euroclear	website	(www.euroclear.com/CREST).	CREST	
Personal	Members	or	other	CREST	sponsored	members,	and	those	CREST	members	
who have appointed a voting service provider(s), should refer to their CREST sponsor 
or voting service provider(s), who will be able to take the appropriate action on 
their behalf. In order for a proxy appointment made by means of CREST to be valid, 
the appropriate CREST message (‘a CREST Proxy Instruction’) must be properly 
authenticated	in	accordance	with	Euroclear	UK	&	Ireland	Limited’s	(EUI)	specifications	
and must contain the information required for such instructions, as described in the 
CREST	Manual.	The	message	regardless	of	whether	it	constitutes	the	appointment	
of a proxy or an amendment to the instruction given to a previously appointed proxy 
must, in order to be valid, be transmitted so as to be received by the issuer’s agent 
(ID RA10) by the latest time(s) for receipt of proxy appointments specified in the 
Notice	of	Meeting.	For	this	purpose,	the	time	of	receipt	will	be	taken	to	be	the	time	
(as determined by the timestamp applied to the message by the CREST Applications 
Host) from which the issuer’s agent is able to retrieve the message by enquiry to 
CREST in the manner prescribed by CREST. The Company may treat as invalid a 
CREST Proxy Instruction in the circumstances set out in regulation 35(5)(a) of the 
Uncertificated Securities Regulations 2001.

8. 

 A member of the Company which is a corporation may authorise a person or persons 
to	act	as	its	representative(s)	at	the	Meeting.	In	accordance	with	the	provisions	of	
the Act, each such representative may exercise (on behalf of the corporation) the 
same powers as the corporation could exercise if it were an individual member of 
the Company, provided that they do not do so in relation to the same shares. It is no 
longer necessary to nominate a designated corporate representative.

9.	

	Members	satisfying	the	thresholds	in	section	527	of	the	Act	can	require	the	Company	
to publish a statement on its website setting out any matter relating to (a) the audit 

85

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Notice of Annual General Meeting 
continued

Shareholder information

Classification
Information concerning day to day movements in the price of the Company’s Ordinary shares is available on Cityline 09058 171690.

The Company’s listing symbol on the London Stock Exchange is NTG.

The Company’s joint corporate brokers are Jefferies International Limited and Oriel Securities Limited and the Company’s Ordinary shares are traded on 
SETSmm.

Financial calendar

December 

Publication of Half Yearly Report

January 

March	

June 

July 

September	

Payment of interim dividend (if applicable)

Publication	of	Interim	Management	Statement

 Announcement of year end results

Report and accounts posted to shareholders

	Annual	General	Meeting 
Payment of final dividend (if applicable) 
Publication	of	Interim	Management	Statement

Secretary and registered office
D Henderson FCIS 
Norflex House 
Allington Way 
Darlington 
DL1 4DY

Tel: 01325 467558

The Group’s website address is northgateplc.com

Registrars
Capita Registrars 
Shareholder Adminstration Support 
34 Beckenham Road 
Beckenham 
Kent 
BR3 9ZA

Tel: 0871 6640300 (calls cost 10p per minute plus network extras) 
Overseas: (+44) 208 6393399

86

Northgate plc  
Annual report and accounts 2012

Shareholder information 
Shareholder information 
continued

Contents

Highlights of the year
Chairman’s statement

Review
1 
2 
3  Our business model
4  Our strategy and key performance indicators
6 
10  Operational review
16  Financial review
20  Principal risks and uncertainties
22  Corporate social responsibility
24  Board of Directors

Northgate at a glance

Corporate governance
26  Report of the Directors
28  Remuneration report
33  Report of the audit and risk committee
34  Corporate governance
36   Directors’ responsibilities

Accounts
37 

Independent auditor’s report to the members  
of Northgate plc

38  Consolidated income statement
39  Statements of comprehensive income
40  Balance sheets
41  Cash flow statements
42  Notes to the cash flow statements
43  Statements of changes in equity
44  Notes to the accounts
83  Five year financial summary
84  Notice of annual general meeting
86  Shareholder information

Who we are 

Why choose flexible rental? 

Northgate plc is the leading light 
commercial vehicle hire business  
in both the UK and Spain by fleet 
size and has been operating in  
the sector since 1981. Our core 
business is the hire of vehicles to 
other businesses on a non-contract 
basis, giving customers  
the flexibility to manage their  
vehicle fleet without a long  
term commitment.

Decision 

Flexible 

Contract hire 

Purchase

No capital or contractual  
commitment 

No mileage penalties 

No residual market risk 

Ability to flex vehicle size 

Inclusive of maintenance 

24/7 support 

No early termination costs 

  Available at additional cost

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Northgate plc 

Norflex House, Allington Way 

Darlington DL1 4DY

Telephone

01325 467558

Fax

01325 363204

Web

northgateplc.com

Northgate plc 
Annual report and accounts 2012

A flexible approach to business

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