Quarterlytics / Financial Services / REIT - Retail / Retail Properties of America, Inc.

Retail Properties of America, Inc.

rpai · NYSE Financial Services
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Sector Financial Services
Industry REIT - Retail
Employees 201-500
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FY2017 Annual Report · Retail Properties of America, Inc.
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2017 ANNUAL REPORT

PMS 186

Black

299 C

60K

PMS 654 C

PMS 5415 C

turning  

  the page

 
 
TO OUR SHAREHOLDERS

A s  I  reflect  on  our  five-year  company  transformation,  I  am 

overcome  with  pride.  While  preserving  shareholder  value,  we 

transformed our portfolio, strengthened our balance sheet, and 

solidified our organizational platform. We hired and retained incredibly 

talented  people  and  built  a  sizable,  growing  development  pipeline. 

We  have  materially  improved  our  company  across  several  indicative 

quality  measures:  population,  household  income,  super-zip  locations, 

contractual rent increases, re-leasing spreads, leverage, coverage ratios, 

and unencumbered NOI. Our execution has been timely and disciplined, 

but, more importantly, our high quality portfolio is well-aligned with the 

new retail paradigm of owning well-located real estate in the top MSAs 

driven  by  density,  discretionary  spend,  convenience,  and  experience. 

At the core of our success is a world-class team of high performers, an 

empowering culture, and a vision shared across the entire organization. 

Before  I  turn  the  page  and  discuss  RPAI’s  next  chapter,  let’s  take  a 

moment to celebrate our tremendous accomplishments in 2017, which 

capped off our five-year journey.

The Culmination of Our Efforts

In 2017, we continued to drive rents and upgrade tenancy, which was highlighted by our full year blended re-

leasing spreads of over 10%, a high-water mark for us. We began to showcase our development capabilities 

and portfolio potential in the Washington, D.C./ Baltimore corridor with the completion of major construction 

at  our  Reisterstown  Road  Plaza  project  and  the  groundbreaking  at  our  Towson  Circle  mixed-use  project.  We 

continued to strengthen our balance sheet by lowering our net debt to adjusted EBITDA to 5.5x and increased 

our  unencumbered  NOI  ratio  to  85%.  We  were  textbook  stewards  of  capital,  with  asset  sales  totaling  $918 

million, another high-water mark for us, and we redeployed $430 million of the proceeds for asset acquisitions 

and stock repurchases, while using the balance to reduce debt and redeem our preferred equity. Our balance 

sheet is best in class and positions us to be opportunistic, with less than 10% of our debt coming due through 

2020. Our efforts in 2017 have culminated in a company that sits near the top of several indicative quality 

metrics and is well positioned to thrive in any environment.

SuperZip - % of Value
(as of 12/31/2017)

36%

33%

25%

18%

17%

14%

12% 11% 10%

8%

40%

35%

30%

25%

20%

15%

10%

5%

40%

35%

30%

25%

20%

15%

10%

5%

% Value in Lifestyle / Street-Level Retail
(as of 12/31/2017)

35% 35%

23%

6%

4%

2% 2% 2% 1% 0%

FRT RPAI REG WRI AAT KIM DDR ROIC BRX UE

RPAI FRT AAT REG DDR KIM UE WRI BRX ROIC

Source: Green Street Advisors

Source: Green Street Advisors

Today’s Economic and Retail Reality  

Unemployment is low, consumer confidence is high and 

lack  relevance  but  we  are  confident,  on  a  relative  basis, 

the new tax reform bill should offer a derivative benefit 

that  it  will  be  less  impactful  to  RPAI  due  to  our  limited 

to retail. The sentiment on retail feels much better than 

exposure  to  struggling  department  stores  and  apparel 

just  a  year  ago.  Holiday  sales  were  the  strongest  since 

retailers.  As  we  have  demonstrated  in  the  past,  we  will 

2010, with bricks and mortar up 4% over last year. It is 

continue to diversify our tenancy and play offense with 

becoming  more  apparent  that  high-quality  bricks-and-

at-risk  categories,  focusing  on  leasing  to  retailers  that 

mortar  real  estate  locations  represent  the  best  profit 

use bricks-and-mortar locations as core to their strategy. 

margin for retailers. One doesn’t need to look any further 

In fact, despite shrinking our retail ABR by approximately 

than  Amazon’s  acquisition  of  Whole  Foods  to  validate 

20% over the past five years, we have decreased our top 

this point. Early indications in 2018 are that retailers are 

20  retailer  concentration  to  29%,  a  reduction  of  more 

more focused on internal improvements such as their in-

than 9% over the same period. Our high-quality and well-

store  experience  and  use  of  consumer  analytics,  rather 

located portfolio is well-aligned with the new retail reality, 

than  closing  locations.  However,  we  acknowledge  that 

and  we  are  confident  that  we  can  continue  to  upgrade 

we will continue to experience attrition with retailers that 

tenancy and drive rent over the long-term.

Total Stock Performance

n
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$300

$270

$240

$210

$180

$150

$120

$90

6/17

9/17

12/17

12/12

3/13

6/13

9/13

12/13 3/14

6/14

9/14

12/14

3/15

6/15

9/15

12/15

3/16

6/16

9/16

12/16

3/17

                RPAI                Bloomberg REIT Shopping Center Index                MSCI US REIT Index (RMS)                Standard & Poor’s 500 Index

Cumulative Total Stockholder Returns for RPAI’s Class A Common Stock versus the Bloomberg REIT Shopping Center Index, MSCI US REIT Index (RMS) and the Standard & Poor’s 500 
Index during the period beginning December 31, 2012 through December 31, 2017. The graph assumes a $100 investment in each of the indices on December 31, 2012, and the reinvestment 
of all dividends. Source: Bloomberg

Turning the Page 

After  five  years  of  portfolio  recycling,  where  we 

highly  concentrated  portfolio  of  class-A  assets  and 

disposed  of  approximately  60%  of  our  assets,  the 

accretive  mixed-use  redevelopment  opportunities. 

heavy  lifting  of  our  company’s  transformation  is 

We  expect  to  GROW  earnings  through 

leasing, 

complete. It’s time to turn the page and focus inward 

redevelopment,  and  prudent  cost  management.  We 

on growth opportunities to drive long-term value for 

expect  to  MAINTAIN  our  investment-grade  balance 

our shareholders. We believe the quality and relevance 

sheet  flexibility  and  low  leverage  in  order  to  remain 

of our portfolio in 2018 will be demonstrated through 

nimble,  yet  disciplined,  when  allocating  capital.  We 

our  strong  same  store  NOI  growth  and  near-term 

expect  to  INVEST  in  the  right  real  estate  and  our 

significant  densification  opportunities.  Today,  our 

platform with an intense focus on talent development. 

redevelopment  pipeline  is  over  $400  million,  and  I 

These are the foundations of our strategy.

certainly  expect  it  to  grow  as  we  refine  the  scope  at 

a handful of our mixed-use development projects. By 

the  end  of  2018,  we  expect  to  share  detailed  plans 

and identify residential partners for two of our mixed-

use  projects,  including  One  Loudoun  Downtown  and 

Boulevard  at  the  Capital  Centre,  both  located  in  the 

Our  board  of  directors,  executive  management  and 

world-class team are keenly focused on the next phase 

for RPAI, and I have the utmost confidence that we will 

continue to be The Best in Retail. From Every Angle.

Washington, D.C. market. In 2018, we expect to spend 

Sincerely,

approximately $35 million on redevelopment, with a 

goal to deploy $50 to $100 million on an annualized 

basis over the long-term.

Moving forward, our conviction and proven ability to 

execute will ensure our continuing success. We expect 

Steven P. Grimes 

to  CREATE  long-term  shareholder  value  through  a 

President & Chief Executive Officer

 
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017
or

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                  to

Commission File Number: 001-35481

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Maryland
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

42-1579325
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2021 Spring Road, Suite 200, Oak Brook, Illinois
(Address of principal executive offices)

60523
(Zip Code)

(630) 634-4200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class
Class A Common Stock, $.001 par value

Name of each exchange on which registered
New York Stock Exchange

 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Title of class
None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes 

 No 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes 

 No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act 
of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject 
to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes 

 No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data 
File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or 
for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes 

 No 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained 
herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference 
in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, 
or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging 
growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer 
Non-accelerated filer 
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Accelerated filer 
Smaller reporting company 
Emerging growth company 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with 
any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes 

 No 

As of June 30, 2017, the aggregate market value of the Class A common stock held by non-affiliates was approximately $2.8 billion based upon 
the closing price as reported on the New York Stock Exchange on June 30, 2017 of $12.21 per share. (For this computation, the Registrant has 
excluded the market value of all shares of Class A common stock reported as beneficially owned by executive officers and directors of the 
Registrant. Such exclusion shall not be deemed to constitute an admission that any such person is an affiliate of the Registrant.)

Number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s classes of common stock as of February 9, 2018:
Class A common stock: 

219,425,764 shares

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Certain information contained in the Registrant’s Proxy Statement relating to its Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 24, 2018 is 
incorporated by reference in Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part III. The Registrant intends to file such Proxy Statement with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the end of its fiscal year ended December 31, 2017.

 
 
 
 
RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I

Item 1.

Business

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Item 2.

Properties

Item 3.

Legal Proceedings

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

PART II

Item 6.

Selected Financial Data

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Item 9.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Item 9B. Other Information

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Item 11. Executive Compensation

PART III

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

SIGNATURES

1

5

19

19

21

21

22

24

26

54

56

107

107

109

109

109

109

109

109

110

112

113

All dollar amounts and share amounts in this Form 10-K in Items 1. through 7A. are stated in thousands with the exception of per 
share amounts. In this report, all references to “we”, “our” and “us” refer collectively to Retail Properties of America, Inc. and 
its subsidiaries.

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

General

Retail Properties of America, Inc. is a real estate investment trust (REIT) that owns and operates high quality, strategically located 
shopping centers in the United States. As of December 31, 2017, we owned 112 retail operating properties representing 20,265,000 
square feet of gross leasable area (GLA). Our retail operating portfolio includes (i) neighborhood and community centers, (ii) 
power centers, and (iii) lifestyle centers and multi-tenant retail-focused mixed-use properties, as well as single-user retail properties.

The following table summarizes our operating portfolio as of December 31, 2017:

Property Type

Operating portfolio:
Multi-tenant retail

Neighborhood and community centers
Power centers
Lifestyle centers and mixed-use properties

Total multi-tenant retail

Single-user retail
Total retail operating portfolio
Office

Total operating portfolio (b)

Number of
Properties

GLA
(in thousands)

Occupancy

Percent Leased
Including Leases
Signed (a)

58
34
15
107
5
112
1
113

8,418
7,670
3,797
19,885
380
20,265
895
21,160

93.0%
95.3%
92.8%
93.8%
100.0%
93.9%
23.8%
91.0%

93.7%
96.2%
94.4%
94.8%
100.0%
94.9%
46.1%
92.8%

(a)  Includes leases signed but not commenced.

(b)  Excludes one single-user retail operating property classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2017.

In addition to our operating portfolio, as of December 31, 2017, we owned two properties that were in active redevelopment and 
one property where we have begun activities in anticipation of future redevelopment.

Operating History

We are a Maryland corporation formed in March 2003 and have been publicly held and subject to U.S. Securities and Exchange 
Commission (SEC) reporting requirements since 2003. We were initially formed as Inland Western Retail Real Estate Trust, Inc. 
and on March 8, 2012, we changed our name to Retail Properties of America, Inc.

Business Objectives and Strategies

In  2012,  management  began  transforming  our  portfolio  in  an  effort  to  focus  the  portfolio  on  high  quality,  multi-tenant  retail 
properties. The core objective of this effort was to become a prominent owner of multi-tenant retail properties primarily located 
in certain markets. We believe that a geographically focused portfolio allows us to optimize our operating platform and enhance 
our operating performance. The markets we identified include: Dallas, Washington, D.C./Baltimore, New York, Chicago, Seattle, 
Atlanta, Houston, San Antonio, Phoenix and Austin, which generally feature one or more of the following characteristics:

•  well-diversified local economy;

• 

• 

• 

strong  demographic  profile  with  significant  long-term  population  growth  or  above-average  existing  density,  high 
disposable income and/or a highly educated employment base;

fiscal and regulatory environment conducive to business activity and growth;

strong barriers to entry, whether topographical, regulatory or density driven; and

1

 
 
 
 
• 

ability to create critical mass and realize operational efficiencies.

Since the beginning of 2012, we have sold 206 properties for aggregate consideration of $3,214,763, including our pro rata share 
of unconsolidated joint ventures and three development properties, with a majority of the proceeds used for the acquisition of high 
quality, multi-tenant retail assets, debt reduction and repurchases of our common stock. Since we began executing on our external 
growth  initiatives  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2013,  we  have  purchased  33  properties  for  aggregate  consideration  of  $1,590,647, 
including our pro rata share of unconsolidated joint ventures. As a result of these efforts, we have strengthened our portfolio and 
balance sheet and have geographically focused our portfolio, with approximately 84% of our multi-tenant retail annualized base 
rent (ABR) as of December 31, 2017 in the top 25 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), as determined by the United States Census 
Bureau and ranked based on the most recently available population estimates. Subject to favorable market conditions, among other 
factors, we expect to effectively complete our portfolio transformation in early 2018 and moving forward, we expect to maximize 
value through mixed-use redevelopment, leasing and opportunistic, accretive property recycling.

Competition

In seeking new  investment opportunities, we  compete with other real estate investors, including other REITs,  pension  funds, 
insurance companies, foreign investors, real estate partnerships, private equity funds, private individuals and other real estate 
companies.

From an operational perspective, we compete with other property owners on a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, 
location, visibility, quality and aesthetic value of construction, and strength and name recognition of tenants. These factors combine 
to determine the level of occupancy and rental rates that we are able to achieve at our properties. Because our revenue potential 
may be linked to the success of retailers, we indirectly share exposure to the same competitive factors that our retail tenants 
experience when trying to attract customers. These factors include other forms of retailing, including e-commerce and direct 
consumer sales, and general competition from other regional shopping centers. To remain competitive, we evaluate all of the factors 
affecting our centers and work to position them accordingly. We believe the principal factors that retailers consider in making their 
leasing decisions include:

• 

• 

• 

consumer demographics;

quality, design and location of properties;

diversity of retailers within individual shopping centers;

•  management and operational expertise of the landlord; and

• 

rental rates.

Based on these factors, we believe that the size and scope of our property portfolio and operating platform, as well as the overall 
quality and attractiveness of our individual properties, enable us to compete effectively for retail tenants. We believe that our 
geographically-focused strategy enhances our ability to drive revenue growth by more thoroughly understanding the local market 
dynamics and by increasing our market relevancy.

Tax Status

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the 
Code. To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including 
a requirement that we annually distribute to our shareholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard 
to the dividends paid deduction and excluding net capital gains. As a REIT, we generally are not subject to U.S. federal income 
tax on the taxable income we distribute to our shareholders. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject 
to U.S. federal income tax at the generally applicable corporate tax rate. Even if we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may be 
subject to certain state and local taxes on our income, property or net worth and U.S. federal income and excise taxes on our 
undistributed income. We have one wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary that has jointly elected to be treated as a taxable REIT 
subsidiary, or TRS, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A TRS is taxed on its net income at the generally applicable corporate 
tax rate. The income tax expense incurred through the TRS has not had a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

2

Regulation

General

The properties in our portfolio, including common areas, are subject to various laws, ordinances and regulations.

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

Our properties must comply with Title III of the ADA to the extent that such properties are “public accommodations” as defined 
by the ADA. The ADA may require removal of structural barriers to allow access by persons with disabilities in certain public 
areas of our properties where such removal is readily achievable. We believe our existing properties are substantially in compliance 
with the ADA and that we will not be required to incur significant capital expenditures to address the requirements of the ADA. 
Refer to Item 1A. “Risk Factors” for more information regarding compliance with the ADA.

Environmental Matters

Under various federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations, as a current or former owner or operator of real property, 
we may be liable for costs and damages resulting from the presence or release of hazardous substances, waste, or petroleum 
products at, on, in, under or from such property, including costs for investigation, remediation, natural resource damages or third 
party liability for personal injury or property damage. These laws often impose liability without regard to whether the owner or 
operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence or release of such materials, and the liability may be joint and several.

Independent environmental consultants conducted Phase I Environmental Site Assessments or similar environmental audits for 
all of our investment properties. A Phase I Environmental Site Assessment is a written report that identifies existing or potential 
environmental conditions associated with a particular property. These environmental site assessments generally involve a review 
of records and visual inspection of the property, but do not include soil sampling or ground water analysis. These environmental 
site assessments have not revealed, nor are we aware of, any environmental liability that we believe will have a material adverse 
effect on our operations. Refer to Item 1A. “Risk Factors” for more information regarding environmental matters.

Insurance

We carry comprehensive liability and property insurance coverage inclusive of fire, extended coverage, earthquakes, terrorism 
and loss of income insurance covering all of the properties in our portfolio under a blanket policy. We believe the policy specifications 
and insured limits are appropriate given the relative risk of loss, the cost of the coverage and industry practice. We believe that the 
properties in our portfolio are adequately insured. Terrorism insurance is carried on all properties in an amount and with deductibles 
that we believe are commercially reasonable. Refer to Item 1A. “Risk Factors” for more information. The terrorism insurance is 
subject to exclusions for loss or damage caused by nuclear substances, pollutants, contaminants and biological and chemical 
weapons. Insurance coverage is not provided for losses attributable to riots or certain acts of God.

Employees

As of December 31, 2017, we had 220 employees.

Access to Company Information

We make available, free of charge, through our website and by responding to requests addressed to our investor relations group, 
our Annual  Report  on  Form 10-K,  quarterly  reports  on  Form 10-Q,  current  reports  on  Form 8-K  including  exhibits  and  all 
amendments to those reports and proxy statements filed or furnished pursuant to 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934, as amended. These reports are available as soon as reasonably practical after such material is electronically filed or furnished 
to the SEC. Our website address is www.rpai.com. The information contained on our website, or other websites linked to our 
website, is not part of this document. Our reports may also be obtained by accessing the EDGAR database at the SEC’s website 
at www.sec.gov.

Shareholders wishing to communicate directly with our board of directors or any committee thereof can do so by writing to the 
attention of the Board of Directors or applicable committee in care of Retail Properties of America, Inc. at 2021 Spring Road, 
Suite 200, Oak Brook, Illinois 60523.

3

Recent Tax Legislation

The recently enacted H.R. 1, informally titled as the “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act” (TCJA), generally applicable for tax years beginning 
after December 31, 2017, made significant changes to the Code, including a number of provisions of the Code that affect the 
taxation of businesses and their owners, including REITs and their shareholders, and, in certain cases, that modify the tax rules.

Among other changes, the TCJA made the following changes:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026, (i) the U.S. federal income tax rates on 
ordinary  income  of  individuals,  trusts  and  estates  have  been  generally  reduced  and  (ii)  non-corporate  taxpayers  are 
permitted to take a deduction for certain pass-through business income, including dividends received from REITs that 
are not designated as capital gain dividends or qualified dividend income, subject to certain limitations;

the maximum withholding rate on distributions by us to non-U.S. shareholders that are treated as attributable to gain from 
the sale or exchange of a U.S. real property interest is reduced from 35% to 21%;

a U.S tax-exempt shareholder that is subject to tax on its unrelated business taxable income (UBTI) will be required to 
separately compute its taxable income and loss for each unrelated trade or business activity for purposes of determining 
its UBTI;

the maximum U.S. federal income tax rate for corporations has been reduced from 35% to 21% and the corporate alternative 
minimum tax has been eliminated, which would generally reduce the amount of U.S. federal income tax payable by any 
taxable REIT subsidiary (TRS) that we own or form and by us to the extent we were subject to corporate U.S. federal 
income tax (for example, if we distributed less than 100% of our taxable income or recognized built-in gains in assets 
acquired from C corporations);

certain new limitations on net operating losses now apply; such limitations may affect net operating losses generated by 
us or any TRS that we own or form;

new limitations on the deductibility of interest expense may apply, including a new limitation on the deductibility of net 
business interest expense of up to 30% of our adjusted taxable income, and such limitations may affect the deductibility 
of interest paid or accrued by us or any TRS that we own or form. At the taxpayer’s election, the 30% of adjustable taxable 
income limitation does not apply to business interest of a real property trade or business (RPTOB). If the RPTOB election 
is made, it is irrevocable and the alternative depreciation system (ADS) must be used for non-residential real property, 
residential rental property and qualified improvement property held by the taxpayer;

there is no change to the depreciable lives for non-residential property (remains at 40 years). It appears Congress intended 
to (i) reduce the ADS recovery period of qualified improvement property to 20 years (generally previously 39 years) and 
(ii) provide 100% bonus depreciation for qualified improvement property expenditures through 2022 (with such bonus 
depreciation being phased down beginning in 2023 through 2026), but it also appears that unless Congress passes technical 
corrections to the TCJA, such reduced ADS recovery period and 100% bonus depreciation property will not be available. 
In addition, bonus depreciation is not applicable for the class lives required to use ADS (such as when the RPTOB election 
is made). The changes to depreciable lives and bonus depreciation may impact our depreciation deduction;

generally  starting  with  compensation  paid  in  2018,  Code  Section  162(m)  will  limit  the  deduction  of  compensation, 
including performance-based compensation, in excess of $1,000 paid to anyone who serves as the principal executive 
officer or chief financial officer, or who is among the three most highly compensated executive officers for any taxable 
year. This change expanded the limitation to include the principal financial officer and continues after separation of 
service. Therefore, there may be an increase in the amount of compensation we provide to our executive officers that may 
not be deductible; and

the timing of recognition of certain income items for U.S. federal income tax purposes has changed to generally require 
us to recognize income items no later than when we take the item into account for financial statement purposes, which 
may accelerate our recognition of certain income items.

This summary does not purport to be a detailed discussion of the changes to U.S. federal income tax laws as a result of the enactment 
of the TCJA. Technical corrections or other amendments to the TCJA or administrative guidance interpreting the TCJA may be 
forthcoming at any time. We cannot predict the long-term effect of the TCJA or any future law changes on REITs or their shareholders. 
Shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the effect of the TCJA based on their particular circumstances.

4

Taxation of Non-U.S. Holders of Debt Securities

For debt securities held by a non-U.S. debt holder that is not an individual, the IRS Form W-8BEN has been replaced by the IRS 
Form W-8BEN-E. Further, the IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS Form W-8BEN-E (as applicable) is generally effective for the remainder 
of the year of signature plus three full calendar years unless a change in circumstances renders any information on the form incorrect 
and is effective beyond such three calendar years only if, in addition to the absence of any change in circumstances makes any 
information on the form incorrect, the non-U.S. debt holder satisfies certain requirements specified in the applicable Treasury 
regulations.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

In evaluating our company, careful consideration should be given to the following risk factors, in addition to the other information 
included in this annual report. Each of these risk factors could adversely affect our business operating results and/or financial 
condition, as well as adversely affect the value of our common stock or unsecured debt. In addition to the following disclosures, 
please refer to the other information contained in this report including the accompanying consolidated financial statements and 
the related notes.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS AND OUR PROPERTIES

There are inherent risks associated with real estate investments and the real estate industry, any of which could have an adverse 
impact on our financial performance and the value of our properties.

Real estate investments are subject to various risks, many of which are beyond our control. Our operating and financial performance 
and the value of our properties can be affected by many of these risks, including, but not limited to, the following:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

national, regional and local economies, which may be negatively impacted by inflation, deflation, government deficits, 
high unemployment rates, severe weather or other natural disasters, decreased consumer confidence, industry slowdowns, 
reduced corporate profits, lack of liquidity and other adverse business conditions;

local real estate conditions, such as an oversupply of retail space or a reduction in demand for retail space, resulting in 
vacancies or compromising our ability to rent space on favorable terms;

the convenience and quality of competing retail properties and other retailing platforms such as the internet;

adverse changes in the financial condition of tenants at our properties, including financial difficulties, lease defaults or 
bankruptcies;

competition for investment opportunities from other real estate investors with significant capital, including other REITs, 
real estate operating companies and institutional investment funds;

the illiquid nature of real estate investments, which may limit our ability to sell properties at the terms desired or at terms 
favorable to us;

fluctuations in interest rates and the availability of financing, which could adversely affect our ability and the ability of 
potential buyers and tenants at our properties to obtain financing on favorable terms or at all;

changes in, and changes in the enforcement of, laws, regulations and governmental policies, including, without limitation, 
health, safety, environmental, zoning and tax laws, government fiscal policies and the ADA; and

civil unrest, acts of war, terrorist attacks and natural disasters, including earthquakes, hurricanes and floods, which may 
result in uninsured and underinsured losses.

During a period of economic slowdown or recession, or the public perception that such a period may occur, declining demand for 
real estate could result in a general decline in rents or an increase in the number of defaults among our existing tenants, and, 
consequently, our properties may fail to generate revenues sufficient to meet operating, debt service and other expenses. As a 
result, we may have to borrow funds to cover fixed costs, and our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations could 
be adversely affected. As such, the per share trading price of our Class A common stock, the market price of our debt securities 
and our ability to satisfy our principal and interest obligations and make distributions to our shareholders may be adversely affected.

5

Our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected by poor economic or market conditions where 
our properties are located, especially in markets where we have a high concentration of properties.

The economic conditions in markets where our properties are concentrated greatly influence our financial condition and results 
of operations. We are particularly susceptible to adverse economic and other developments in such areas, including increased 
unemployment, industry slowdowns, corporate layoffs or downsizing, relocations of businesses, decreased consumer confidence, 
adverse  changes  in  demographics,  increases  in  real  estate  and  other  taxes,  increased  regulation  and  natural  disasters. As  of 
December 31, 2017, approximately 78.9% of our GLA and approximately 82.2% of our ABR in our retail operating portfolio was 
from  15  of  the  top  25  MSAs,  including  amounts  attributable  to  our  redevelopments,  and  we  may  continue  to  increase  our 
concentration in these markets if favorable market conditions exist. Notably, approximately 33.6% of our GLA and approximately 
34.9% of our ABR in our retail operating portfolio was located in the state of Texas as of December 31, 2017. Poor economic or 
market conditions in markets where our properties are located, including those in Texas, may adversely affect our cash flow, 
financial condition and results of operations.

A shift in retail shopping from brick and mortar stores to online shopping may have an adverse impact on our cash flow, 
financial condition and results of operations.

Many retailers operating brick and mortar stores have made online sales a vital piece of their business. Although many of the 
retailers operating at our properties sell groceries and other necessity-based soft goods or provide services, including entertainment 
and dining options, the shift to online shopping may cause declines in brick and mortar sales generated by certain of our tenants 
and/or may cause certain of our tenants to reduce the size or number of their retail locations in the future. As a result, our cash 
flow, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We may choose not to renew leases or be unable to renew leases, lease vacant space or re-lease space as leases expire. In 
addition, rents associated with new or renewed leases may be less than expiring rents (lease roll-down) or, to facilitate leasing, 
we may choose to incur significant capital expenditures to improve our properties, which could adversely affect our cash flow, 
financial condition and results of operations.

Approximately 5.1% of the total GLA in our retail operating portfolio was vacant as of December 31, 2017, excluding leases 
signed but not commenced. In addition, as of December 31, 2017, leases accounting for approximately 35.8% of the ABR in our 
retail operating portfolio are scheduled to expire within the next three years. We may choose not to renew leases based on various 
strategic factors such as operating strength of the occupying tenant, its retail category, merchandising composition of the property, 
other leasing opportunities available to us or redevelopment plans for the property. In our efforts to lease space, we compete with 
numerous developers, owners and operators of retail properties, many of whom own properties similar to, and in the same sub-
markets as, our properties. As a result, we cannot assure you that leases will be renewed or that current or future vacancies will 
be re-leased at rental rates equal to or above the current average rental rates without significant down time, or that substantial rent 
abatements, tenant improvements, lease inducements, early termination and co-tenancy rights or below-market renewal options 
will not be offered to attract new tenants or retain existing tenants. Additionally, we may incur significant capital expenditures or 
accommodate requests for renovations and other improvements to make our properties more attractive to tenants. If we choose 
not to or are unable to renew existing leases, lease vacant space or re-lease space as leases expire, or if rents associated with new 
or renewed leases are less than expiring rents or we incur significant capital expenditures to improve our properties, our cash flow, 
financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our inability to collect rents from tenants or collect balances due on our leases from any tenants in bankruptcy or experiencing 
other significant financial hardship may negatively impact our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.

Substantially all of our income is derived from rentals of real property. If sales generated by retailers operating at our properties 
decline sufficiently or if tenants encounter other significant financial hardships, they may be unable to pay their existing minimum 
rents or other charges. Tenants may also decline to extend or renew a lease upon its expiration on terms favorable to us, or at all, 
or may even exercise early termination rights to the extent available. If a significant number of our tenants are unable to make 
their rental payments to us or otherwise meet their lease obligations, our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations 
may be materially adversely affected. In addition, although minimum rent is generally supported by long-term lease contracts, 
tenants who file bankruptcy have the legal right to reject any or all of their leases and close their stores. In the event that a tenant 
with a significant number of leases at our properties files bankruptcy and rejects its leases, we could experience a significant 
reduction in our revenues and we may not be able to collect all pre-petition amounts owed, which could adversely affect our cash 
flow, financial condition and results of operations.

6

If any of our anchor tenants experience a downturn in their business or terminate their leases, our cash flow, financial condition 
and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Anchor tenants occupy a significant amount of the square footage and pay a significant portion of the total rent in our retail operating 
portfolio. Specifically, our 20 largest tenants based on ABR represent 37.5% of occupied GLA and 29.2% of ABR as of December 31, 
2017. In addition, anchor tenants and “shadow” anchors, or retailers in or adjacent to our properties that occupy space we do not 
own, contribute to the success of other tenants by drawing customers to a property. The bankruptcy, insolvency or downturn in 
business of any of our anchor tenants could result in another tenant vacating its space, defaulting on its lease obligations, terminating 
its lease, exercising co-tenancy rights or renewing its lease at lower rental rates. As a result, our cash flow, financial condition and 
results of operations could be adversely affected.

If small shop tenants are not successful and, consequently, terminate their leases, our cash flow, financial condition and results 
of operations could be adversely affected.

Small shop tenants, those that occupy less than 10,000 square feet, in our retail operating portfolio represent 31.7% of occupied 
GLA, but 48.1% of ABR as of December 31, 2017. Such tenants may have more limited resources than larger tenants and, as a 
result, may be more vulnerable to negative economic conditions. If a significant number of our small shop tenants experience 
financial difficulties or are unable to remain open, our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely 
affected.

Many of the leases at our retail properties contain provisions, which, if triggered, may allow tenants to pay reduced rent, cease 
operations or terminate their leases, any of which could adversely affect our cash flow, financial condition and results of 
operations.

Some anchor tenants have the right to vacate their space and continue to pay rent through the end of their lease term, which inhibits 
our ability to re-lease the space during that period. Additionally, many of the leases at our retail properties contain provisions that 
condition a tenant’s obligation to remain open, the amount of rent payable by the tenant or potentially its obligation to remain in 
the lease, on certain factors, including (i) the presence and continued operation of a certain anchor tenant or tenants, (ii) minimum 
occupancy levels at the applicable property or (iii) the amount of tenant sales. If such a provision is triggered by a failure of any 
of these or other applicable conditions, a tenant could have the right to cease operations at the applicable property, have its rent 
reduced or terminate its lease early. A tenant ceasing operations as a result of these provisions could cause a decrease in customer 
traffic and, therefore, decreased sales for other tenants at that property. To the extent these provisions result in lower revenue, our 
cash flow, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our expenses may remain constant or increase, even if income from our properties decreases, causing our cash flow, financial 
condition and results of operations to be adversely affected.

Certain costs associated with our business, such as real estate taxes, state and local taxes, insurance, utilities, mortgage payments 
and corporate expenses, are relatively inflexible and generally do not decrease when (i) a property’s occupancy decreases, (ii) 
rental rates decrease, (iii) a tenant fails to pay rent or (iv) other circumstances cause our revenues to decrease. If we are unable to 
reduce our operating costs in response to declines in revenue, our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations could 
be adversely affected. In addition, inflationary or other price increases could result in increased operating costs and increases in 
assessed valuations or changes in tax rates could result in increased real estate taxes for us and our tenants. The extent to which 
we are unable to fully recover such increases in operating expenses and real estate taxes from our tenants, our cash flow, financial 
condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We depend on external sources of capital that are outside of our control, which may affect our ability to execute on strategic 
opportunities, satisfy our debt obligations and make distributions to our shareholders.

In order to maintain our qualification as a REIT, under the Code, we are generally required to annually distribute to our shareholders 
at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding any net capital 
gains. In addition, as a REIT, we will be subject to income tax at the generally applicable corporate rate to the extent that we 
distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income, including any net capital gains. Because of these distribution requirements, 
we may not be able to fund future capital needs (including redevelopment and acquisition activities, payments of principal and 
interest on our existing debt, tenant improvements and leasing costs) from operating cash flow. Consequently, we may rely on 
third party sources to fund our capital needs. We may not be able to obtain the necessary capital on favorable terms, in the time 
period we desire, or at all. Additional debt we incur may increase our leverage, expose us to the risk of default and impose operating 
restrictions on us, and any additional equity we raise could be dilutive to existing shareholders. Our access to third party sources 

7

of capital depends, in part, on general market conditions, the market’s view of the quality of our assets, operating platform and 
growth  potential,  our  current  debt  levels,  and  our  current  and  expected  future  earnings,  cash  flow  and  distributions  to  our 
shareholders. If we cannot obtain capital from third-party sources, we may be unable to acquire or redevelop properties when 
strategic opportunities exist, satisfy our principal and interest obligations or make cash distributions to our shareholders necessary 
to maintain our qualification as a REIT.

We may be unable to sell a property at the time we desire and on favorable terms or at all, which could limit our ability to access 
capital through dispositions and could adversely affect our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.

Real estate investments generally cannot be sold quickly. Our ability to dispose of properties on advantageous terms depends on 
factors beyond our control, including (i) competition from other sellers, (ii) increases in market capitalization rates and (iii) the 
availability of attractive financing for potential buyers of our properties, and we cannot predict the market conditions affecting 
real estate investments that will exist at any particular time in the future. As a result of the uncertainty of market conditions, we 
cannot provide any assurance that we will be able to sell properties at a profit, or at all. In addition, and subject to certain safe 
harbor provisions, the Code generally imposes a 100% tax on gain recognized by REITs upon the disposition of assets if the assets 
are held primarily for sale in the ordinary course of business, rather than for investment, which may cause us to forego or defer 
sales of properties that otherwise would be attractive from a pre-tax perspective. Accordingly, our ability to access capital through 
dispositions may be limited, which could limit our ability to fund future capital needs.

We may be unable to complete acquisitions and even if acquisitions are completed, our operating results at acquired properties 
may not meet our financial expectations.

We continue to evaluate the market of available properties and expect to continue to acquire properties when we believe strategic 
opportunities exist. Our ability to acquire properties on favorable terms and successfully operate or develop them is subject to the 
following risks:

•  we may be unable to acquire a desired property because of competition from other real estate investors with substantial 

capital, including other REITs, real estate operating companies and institutional investment funds;

• 

even if we are able to acquire a desired property, competition from other potential investors may significantly increase 
the purchase price;

•  we may incur significant costs and divert management attention in connection with the evaluation and negotiation of 

potential acquisitions, including ones that are subsequently not completed;

•  we may be unable to finance acquisitions on favorable terms and in the time period we desire, or at all;

•  we may be unable to quickly and efficiently integrate newly acquired properties, particularly the acquisition of portfolios 

of properties, into our existing operations;

•  we may acquire properties that are not initially accretive to our results and we may not successfully manage and lease 

those properties to meet our expectations; and

•  we may acquire properties that are subject to liabilities without any recourse, or with only limited recourse to former 
owners, with respect to unknown liabilities for clean-up of undisclosed environmental contamination, claims by tenants 
or other persons to former owners of the properties and claims for indemnification by general partners, directors, officers 
and others indemnified by the former owners of the properties.

If we are unable to acquire properties on favorable terms, obtain financing in a timely manner and on favorable terms, or operate 
acquired properties to meet our financial expectations, our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely 
affected.

Future joint venture investments could be adversely affected by our lack of sole decision-making authority.

As of December 31, 2017, we had no properties held in joint ventures. Any joint venture arrangements in which we may engage 
in the future could be subject to various risks including, among others, (i) lack of exclusive control over the joint venture, which 
may prevent us from taking actions that are in our best interest, (ii) future capital constraints of our partners, which may require 
us to contribute more capital than we anticipated to cover the joint venture’s liabilities, (iii) actions by our partners that could 
jeopardize our REIT status or the tax status of the joint venture, requiring us to pay taxes or subject the properties owned by the 

8

joint venture to liabilities greater than those contemplated by the terms of the joint venture agreements, and (iv) disputes between 
us and our partners, which could result in litigation or arbitration that would increase our expenses and require our officers and/
or directors to focus a disproportionate amount of their time and effort on the joint venture. If any of the foregoing were to occur, 
our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Development, redevelopment, expansions and pad development activities have inherent risks that could adversely impact our 
cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.

As of December 31, 2017, we had two properties in active redevelopment, Reisterstown Road Plaza and Towson Circle. We have 
invested a total of approximately $20,600 in these projects, which are at various stages of completion, and based on our current 
plans and estimates, we anticipate that to complete these projects, it will require an additional $21,900 to $24,900, net of proceeds 
from land sales, sales of air rights, reimbursement from third parties and contributions from a project partner, as applicable. We 
anticipate engaging in additional redevelopment, expansions and pad development of commercial retail space and residential units 
in the future. In addition to the risks associated with real estate investments in general as described elsewhere, the risks associated 
with future development, redevelopment, expansions and pad development activities include the following:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

expenditure of capital and time on projects that may never be completed;

failure or inability to obtain financing on favorable terms or at all;

inability to secure necessary zoning or regulatory approvals;

higher than estimated construction or operating costs, including labor and material costs;

inability to complete construction on schedule due to a number of factors, including (i) inclement weather, (ii) labor 
disruptions, (iii) construction delays, (iv) delays or failure to receive zoning or other regulatory approvals, (v) acts of 
terror or other acts of violence, or (vi) acts of God (such as fires, earthquakes, hurricanes or floods);

significant  time  lag  between  commencement  and  stabilization  resulting  in  delayed  returns  and  greater  risks  due  to 
fluctuations in the general economy, shifts in demographics and competition;

decrease in customer traffic during the redevelopment period causing a decrease in tenant sales;

inability to secure key anchor or other tenants for commercial retail projects or complete the lease-up of residential units 
at anticipated absorption rates or at all; and

• 

occupancy and rental rates at a newly completed project may not meet expectations.

If any of the above events were to occur, the development, redevelopment, expansion or pad development of the properties could 
hinder our growth and have an adverse effect on our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, new 
development  and  significant  redevelopment  activities,  regardless  of  whether  they  are  ultimately  successful,  typically  require 
substantial time and attention from management.

We are subject to litigation that could negatively impact our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.

We are a defendant from time to time in lawsuits and regulatory proceedings relating to our business. Due to the inherent uncertainties 
of litigation and regulatory proceedings, we may not be able to accurately predict the ultimate outcome of any such litigation or 
proceedings. A significant unfavorable outcome could negatively impact our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.

If we are found to be in breach of a ground lease at one of our properties or are unable to renew a ground lease, we could be 
materially and adversely affected.

We have eight properties in our portfolio that are either completely or partially on land that is owned by third parties and leased 
to us pursuant to ground leases. Accordingly, we only own a long-term leasehold or similar interest in those properties. If we are 
found to be in breach of a ground lease and that breach cannot be cured, we could lose our interest in the improvements and the 
right to operate the property. In addition, unless we can purchase a fee interest in the underlying land or extend the terms of these 
leases before or at their expiration, as to which no assurance can be given, we will lose our interest in the improvements and the 
right to operate these properties. Assuming we exercise all available options to extend the terms of our ground leases, all of our 
ground leases will expire between 2050 and 2115. However, in certain cases, our ability to exercise such options is subject to the 

9

condition that we are not in default under the terms of the ground lease at the time we exercise such options, and we can provide 
no assurances that we will be able to exercise our options at such time. If we were to lose the right to operate a property due to a 
breach or non-renewal of the ground lease, we would be unable to derive income from such property, which could materially and 
adversely affect us.

Uninsured  losses  or  losses  in  excess  of  insurance  coverage  could  materially  and  adversely  affect  our  cash  flow,  financial 
condition and results of operations.

Each tenant is responsible for insuring its goods and demised premises and, in most circumstances, is required to reimburse us for 
its share of the cost of acquiring comprehensive insurance for the property, including casualty, liability, fire and extended coverage 
customarily obtained for similar properties in amounts which have been determined as sufficient to cover reasonably foreseeable 
losses. Tenants with net leases typically are required to pay all insurance costs associated with their space. However, material 
losses may occur in excess of insurance proceeds with respect to any property and, specific to net leases, tenants may fail to obtain 
adequate insurance. Additionally, losses of a catastrophic nature including loss due to wars, acts of terrorism, earthquakes, floods, 
hurricanes, wind, other natural disasters, pollution or environmental matters may be considered uninsurable or not economically 
insurable, or may be insured subject to limitations such as large deductibles or co-payments. In the instance of a loss that is uninsured 
or that exceeds policy limits, a significant portion of the capital invested in the damaged property could be lost, as well as the 
anticipated  future  revenue  of  the  property,  which  could  materially and  adversely  affect  our  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations.  A  variety  of  factors,  including,  among  others,  changes  in  building  codes  and  ordinances  and  environmental 
considerations, might also make it impractical or undesirable to use insurance proceeds to replace a property after it has been 
damaged or destroyed. Furthermore, we may be unable to obtain adequate insurance coverage at reasonable costs in the future, as 
the costs associated with property and casualty renewals may be higher than anticipated.

A number of our properties are located in areas which are susceptible to, and could be significantly affected by, natural disasters 
that could cause significant damage. For example, many of our properties are located in coastal regions and would, therefore, be 
affected by any future increases in sea levels or in the frequency or severity of hurricanes and tropical storms to the extent they 
are located in impacted areas. In addition, some of our properties are located in California and other regions that are especially 
susceptible to earthquakes.

The occurrence of terrorist acts could sharply increase the premiums paid for terrorism insurance coverage. Further, mortgage 
lenders, in some cases, insist that specific coverage against terrorism be purchased by commercial property owners as a condition 
for providing mortgage loans. It is uncertain whether such insurance policies will be available, or available at reasonable costs, 
which could inhibit our ability to finance or refinance our properties. In such instances, we may be required to provide other 
financial support, either through financial assurances or self-insurance, to cover potential losses. We cannot provide assurance that 
we will have adequate coverage for such losses and, to the extent we are required to pay unexpectedly large amounts for insurance, 
our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

We may incur significant costs complying with the ADA and similar laws, which could adversely affect our cash flow, financial 
condition and results of operations.

Under the ADA, all public accommodations must meet federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. Although 
we believe the properties in our portfolio substantially comply with the present requirements of the ADA, we have not conducted 
an audit or investigation of all of our properties to determine our compliance, nor can we be assured that requirements will not 
change. The obligation to make readily achievable accommodations is an ongoing one, and we will continue to assess our properties 
and make alterations as appropriate in this respect. If one or more of the properties in our portfolio is not in compliance with the 
ADA, we would be required to incur additional costs to bring the property into compliance and it could result in the imposition 
of fines or an award of damages to private litigants. Additional federal, state and local laws may also require modifications to our 
properties or restrict our ability to renovate our properties. We cannot predict the ultimate cost of compliance with the ADA or 
other legislation. If we incur substantial costs to comply with the ADA and any other legislation, our cash flow, financial condition 
and results of operations could be adversely affected.

We may become liable with respect to contaminated property or incur costs to comply with environmental laws, which could 
negatively impact our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.

Under various federal, state and local laws, ordinances and regulations, as a current or former owner or operator of real property, 
we may be liable for costs and damages resulting from the presence or release of hazardous substances, waste or petroleum products 
at, on, in, under or from such property, including costs for investigation, remediation, natural resource damages or third party 
liability for personal injury or property damage. These laws often impose liability without regard to whether the owner or operator 

10

knew of, or was responsible for, the presence or release of such materials, and the liability may be joint and several. In addition, 
the presence of contamination or the failure to remediate contamination at our properties may adversely affect our ability to sell, 
redevelop, or lease such property or borrow funds using the property as collateral. Environmental laws may also create liens on 
contaminated  sites  in  favor  of  the  government  for  damages  and  costs  it  incurs  to  address  such  contamination.  Moreover,  if 
contamination is discovered on our properties, environmental laws may impose restrictions on the manner in which that property 
may be used or how businesses may be operated on that property. Some of our properties have been or may be impacted by 
contamination arising from current or prior uses of the property or adjacent properties for commercial or industrial purposes. Such 
contamination may arise from spills of petroleum or hazardous substances or releases from tanks used to store such materials. We 
may also be liable for the cost of remediating contamination at off-site disposal or treatment facilities when we arrange for disposal 
or treatment of hazardous substances at such facilities. The environmental site assessments described in Item 1. “Business — 
Environmental  Matters”  have  a  limited  scope  and  may  not  reveal  all  potential  environmental  liabilities.  Further,  material 
environmental conditions may have arisen after the review was completed or may arise in the future, and future laws, ordinances 
or regulations may impose additional material environmental liability beyond what was known at the time the site assessment was 
conducted.

In addition, our properties are subject to various federal, state and local environmental, health and safety laws, including laws 
governing the management of waste and underground and aboveground storage tanks. Noncompliance with these environmental, 
health and safety laws could subject us or our tenants to liability, which could affect a tenant’s ability to make rental payments to 
us. Moreover, changes in laws could increase the potential cost of compliance with environmental, health and safety laws or 
increase liability for noncompliance. This could result in significant unanticipated expenditures or could otherwise materially and 
adversely affect our operations, or those of our tenants, which could in turn have a material adverse effect on us.

As the owner or operator of real property, we may also incur liability based on various building conditions. For example, buildings 
and other structures on properties that we currently own or operate or those we acquire or operate in the future contain, may contain, 
or may have contained, asbestos-containing material, or ACM. Environmental, health and safety laws require that ACM be properly 
managed and maintained and fines or penalties may be imposed on owners, operators or employers for non-compliance with these 
requirements. These requirements include special precautions, such as removal, abatement or air monitoring, if ACM would be 
disturbed during maintenance, renovation or demolition of a building, potentially resulting in substantial costs. In addition, we 
may be subject to liability for personal injury or property damage sustained as a result of exposure to ACM or releases of ACM 
into the environment.

When excessive moisture accumulates in buildings or on building materials, mold growth may occur if it is not addressed over a 
period of time. Some molds may produce airborne toxins or irritants. Indoor air quality issues can also stem from inadequate 
ventilation, chemical contamination from indoor or outdoor sources, and other biological contaminants such as pollen, viruses and 
bacteria. Indoor exposure to airborne toxins or irritants is alleged to cause a variety of adverse health effects and symptoms, 
including allergic or other reactions. As a result, the presence of significant mold or other airborne contaminants at any of our 
properties could require us to undertake a costly remediation program to contain or remove the mold or other airborne contaminants 
or to increase ventilation. In addition, the presence of significant mold or other airborne contaminants could expose us to liability 
from our tenants, employees of our tenants, or others if property damage or personal injury occurs.

To the extent we incur costs or liabilities as a result of environmental issues, our cash flow, financial condition and results of 
operations could be materially and adversely affected.

We  could experience a  decline  in the  fair  value of  our  assets,  which  could  materially and  adversely impact our  results  of 
operations.

A decline in the fair value of our assets could require us to recognize an impairment charge on such assets under accounting 
principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) if we were to determine that we do not have the ability and intent to 
hold such assets for a period of time sufficient to allow for recovery to the asset’s carrying value. If such a determination were to 
be made, we would recognize an impairment charge through earnings and write down the carrying value of such assets to a new 
cost  basis  based  on  the  fair  value  of  such  assets  on  the  date  they  are  considered  to  not  be  recoverable.  For  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, we recognized aggregate impairment charges related to investment properties of $67,003, 
$20,376 and $19,937, respectively. We may be required to recognize additional asset impairment charges in the future.

11

We face risks associated with security breaches through cyber attacks, cyber intrusions or otherwise, as well as other significant 
disruptions of our information technology (IT) networks and related systems.

We face risks associated with security breaches, whether through (i) cyber attacks or cyber intrusions, (ii) malware or ransomware, 
(iii) computer viruses, (iv) people with access or who gain access to our systems, and (v) other significant disruptions of our 
IT networks and related systems. The risk of a security breach or disruption, particularly through cyber attack or cyber intrusion, 
including by computer hackers, foreign governments and cyber terrorists, has generally increased as the number, intensity and 
sophistication of attempted attacks and intrusions from around the world have increased. Our IT networks and related systems are 
essential to the operation of our business and our ability to perform day-to-day operations. Although we make efforts to maintain 
the security and integrity of our IT networks and related systems, and we have implemented various measures to manage the risk 
of a security breach or disruption, there can be no assurance that our security efforts and measures will be effective or that attempted 
security breaches or disruptions would not be successful or damaging. A security breach or other significant disruption involving 
our IT networks and related systems could significantly disrupt the proper functioning of our networks and systems and, as a result, 
disrupt our operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.

Our success depends on key personnel whose continued service is not guaranteed.

We depend on the efforts and expertise of our senior management team to manage our day-to-day operations and strategic business 
direction. While we have retention agreements with the members of our executive management team that provide for certain 
payments in the event of a change in control or termination without cause, we do not have employment agreements with the 
members of our executive management team. Therefore, we cannot guarantee their continued service. The loss of their services 
and our inability to find suitable replacements could have an adverse effect on our operations.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR DEBT FINANCING

We are generally subject to the risks associated with debt financing and our debt service obligations could adversely affect our 
financial health and operating flexibility.

Required principal and interest payments on our indebtedness reduce funds available for general business purposes and distributions 
to our shareholders. Our existing debt financing and debt service obligations also increase our vulnerability to general adverse 
economic and industry conditions, including increases in interest rates. In addition, as our existing debt comes due, we may be 
unable to refinance it on favorable terms, or at all, which could adversely affect our cash flow, financial condition and results of 
operations.

Credit ratings may not reflect all the risks of an investment in our debt.

Our credit ratings are an assessment by rating agencies of our ability to pay our debts when due. Consequently, real or anticipated 
changes in our credit ratings will generally affect the market value of our publicly-traded debt. Credit ratings may be revised or 
withdrawn at any time by the rating agency at its sole discretion. We do not undertake any obligation to maintain the ratings or 
advise our debt holders of any change in our ratings. There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain our current credit 
ratings. Adverse changes in our credit ratings could impact our ability to obtain additional debt and equity financing on favorable 
terms, if at all, and could significantly reduce the market price of our publicly-traded debt.

12

Our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected by financial and other covenants and 
provisions under the unsecured credit agreement governing our Unsecured Credit Facility or our other debt agreements.

Our Unsecured Credit Facility, which is comprised of our unsecured revolving line of credit and two unsecured term loans, is 
governed by our  unsecured credit agreement (the Unsecured Credit Agreement). Our other debt agreements include, but are not 
limited to, the Indenture, as supplemented, governing our Notes Due 2025 (the Indenture), the note purchase agreements governing 
our Notes Due 2021, 2024, 2026 and 2028 (the Note Purchase Agreements) and the credit agreement governing our Term Loan 
Due 2023 (the Term Loan Agreement). The Unsecured Credit Agreement, the Indenture, the Note Purchase Agreements, the Term 
Loan Agreement and any future debt agreements require, or may require, compliance with certain financial and operating covenants, 
including, among others, the requirement to maintain maximum unencumbered, secured and consolidated leverage ratios, minimum 
interest, fixed charge, debt service and unencumbered interest coverage ratios, a minimum ratio of assets to unsecured debt and a 
minimum consolidated net worth. They also contain or may contain customary events of default, including defaults on any of our 
recourse indebtedness in excess of $50,000. The provisions of these agreements could limit our ability to obtain additional funds 
needed to address cash shortfalls or pursue growth opportunities or other accretive transactions.

In addition, our senior unsecured debt obligations, including our Unsecured Credit Facility, Notes Due 2021, 2024, 2025, 2026 
and 2028 and Term Loan Due 2023, are pari passu in priority of payment. Therefore, a breach of these covenants or other events 
of default would allow the lenders to require us to accelerate payment of amounts outstanding under one or all of these agreements. 
If payment is accelerated, our liquid assets may not be sufficient to repay such debt in full and, as a result, such an event could 
have a material adverse effect on our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.

Given the restrictions in our debt covenants, we may be limited in our operating and financial flexibility and in our ability to 
respond to changes in our business or pursue strategic opportunities in the future.

Increases in interest rates would cause our borrowing costs to rise and may limit our ability to refinance debt.

Although a significant amount of our outstanding debt has fixed interest rates, we also borrow funds at variable interest rates. 
Increases in interest rates would increase our interest expense on any outstanding unhedged variable rate debt and would affect 
the terms under which we refinance our existing debt as it matures, which would adversely affect our cash flow, financial condition 
and results of operations.

We may choose to retire debt prior to its stated maturity date and incur debt prepayment costs as a result, some of which could 
be significant.

At times, management has chosen to retire debt prior to its stated maturity date, and in doing so, we have incurred prepayment or 
defeasance premiums in accordance with the relevant loan agreements. If we choose to retire debt prior to its stated maturity date 
in the future, we may incur significant debt prepayment costs or defeasance premiums, which could have an adverse effect on our 
cash flow and results of operations.

Defaults on secured indebtedness may result in foreclosure.

In the event that we default on mortgages in the future, either as a result of ceasing to make debt service payments or failing to 
meet applicable covenants, the lenders may accelerate the related debt obligations and foreclose and/or take control of the properties 
that secure their loans. In the event of a default under any of our recourse indebtedness, we may also remain liable for any deficiency 
between the value of the property securing such loan and the principal and accrued interest on the loan.

Further, for tax purposes, the foreclosure of a mortgage may result in the recognition of taxable income related to the extinguished 
debt without us having received any accompanying cash proceeds. As a result, since we have elected to be taxed as a REIT, we 
may be required to identify and utilize sources for distributions to our shareholders related to such taxable income in order to avoid 
incurring corporate tax or to meet the REIT distribution requirements imposed by the Code.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Our board of directors may change significant corporate policies without shareholder approval.

Our investment, financing and distribution policies are determined by our board of directors. These policies may be amended or 
revised at any time at the discretion of the board of directors without a vote of our shareholders. As a result, the ability of our 
shareholders to control our policies and practices is extremely limited. We could make investments and engage in business activities 
that are different from, and possibly riskier than, the investments and businesses described in this report. In addition, our board of 

13

directors may change our policies with respect to conflicts of interest provided that such changes are consistent with applicable 
legal and regulatory requirements, including the listing standards of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). A change in these 
policies could have an adverse effect on our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.

We could increase the number of authorized shares of stock and issue stock without shareholder approval.

Subject to applicable legal and regulatory requirements, our charter authorizes our board of directors, without shareholder approval, 
to increase the aggregate number of authorized shares of stock or the number of authorized shares of stock of any class or series, 
to issue authorized but unissued shares of our common stock or preferred stock, classify or reclassify any unissued shares of our 
common stock or preferred stock and to set the preferences, rights and other terms of such classified or unclassified shares. As a 
result, we may issue series or classes of common stock or preferred stock with preferences, dividends, powers and rights, voting 
or otherwise, that are senior to, or otherwise conflict with, the rights of holders of our common stock. We have also established 
an at-the-market equity program under which we may sell shares of our Class A common stock having an aggregate offering price 
of up to $250,000 from time to time. In addition, our board of directors could establish a series of preferred stock that could, 
depending on the terms of such series, delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change of control that might involve a premium 
price for our common stock or that our shareholders may believe is in their best interests.

Certain provisions of our charter may limit the ability of a third party to acquire control of our company.

Our  charter  provides  that  no  person  may  beneficially  own  more  than  9.8%  in  value  or  number  of  shares,  whichever  is  more 
restrictive, of our outstanding common stock or 9.8% in value of the aggregate outstanding shares of our capital stock. While these 
charter provisions help ensure we maintain our REIT status, these ownership limitations may prevent an acquisition of control of 
our company by a third party without our board of directors’ approval, even if our shareholders believe the change of control is 
in their best interests.

Certain provisions of Maryland law could inhibit changes of control, which could lower the value of our Class A common stock.

Certain provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law, or MGCL, may have the effect of inhibiting or deterring a third 
party from making a proposal to acquire us or of impeding a change of control under circumstances that otherwise could provide 
our common stockholders with the opportunity to realize a premium over the then-prevailing market price of such shares, including:

• 

• 

“business combination” provisions that, subject to limitations, prohibit certain business combinations between us and an 
“interested shareholder” (defined generally as any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of our 
shares or an affiliate or associate of ours who, at any time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was 
the beneficial owner of 10% or more of our then outstanding voting shares) or an affiliate of an interested shareholder 
for five years after the most recent date on which the shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, and thereafter, may 
impose special shareholder voting requirements unless certain minimum price conditions are satisfied; and

“control share” provisions that provide that “control shares” of our company (defined as shares which, when aggregated 
with other shares controlled by the shareholder, entitle the shareholder to exercise one of three increasing ranges of voting 
power in electing directors) acquired in a “control share acquisition” (defined as the direct or indirect acquisition of 
ownership  or  control  of  outstanding  “control  shares”)  have  no  voting  rights  except  to  the  extent  approved  by  our 
shareholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, excluding all 
interested shares.

As permitted by the MGCL, our board of directors has adopted a resolution exempting any business combinations between us and 
any other person or entity from the business combination provisions of the MGCL. Our bylaws provide that such resolution or 
any other resolution of our board of directors exempting any business combination from the business combination provisions of 
the MGCL may only be revoked, altered or amended, and our board of directors may only adopt a resolution that is inconsistent 
with any such prior resolution (including any amendment to that bylaw provision), which we refer to as an opt-in to the business 
combination provisions, with the approval of stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all votes cast by the holders of the issued 
and outstanding shares of our common stock. In addition, as permitted by the MGCL, our bylaws contain a provision exempting 
from the control share acquisition provisions of the MGCL any acquisition by any person of shares of our stock. This bylaw 
provision may be amended, which we refer to as an opt-in to the control share acquisition provisions, only with the affirmative 
vote of a majority of the votes cast on such matter by holders of the issued and outstanding shares of our common stock.

Title 3, Subtitle 8 of the MGCL permits our board of directors, without shareholder approval and regardless of what is currently 
provided in our charter or bylaws, to implement certain takeover defenses, including adopting a classified board. Such takeover 

14

defenses may have the effect of inhibiting a third party from making an acquisition proposal for us or of delaying, deferring or 
preventing a change in control of us under the circumstances that otherwise could provide our common shareholders with the 
opportunity to realize a premium over the then-prevailing market price.

In addition, the provisions of our charter on removal of directors and the advance notice provisions of our bylaws, among others, 
could delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change in control of our company that might involve a premium price for holders 
of our common stock or that our shareholders may believe to be in their best interests. Likewise, if our company’s board of directors 
were to opt-in to the provisions of Title 3, Subtitle 8 of the MGCL, or if our board of directors were to opt-in to the business 
combination provisions or the control share acquisition provisions of the MGCL, with shareholder approval, these provisions could 
have similar anti-takeover effects.

Our rights and the rights of our shareholders to take action against our directors and officers are limited, which could limit 
shareholder recourse in the event of actions that our shareholders do not believe are in their best interests.

Maryland law provides that a director or officer has no liability in that capacity if he or she satisfies his or her duties to us and our 
shareholders. As permitted by the MGCL, our charter limits the liability of our directors and officers to us and our shareholders 
for monetary damages, except for liability resulting from the following:

•  actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services; or

•  a final judgment based upon a finding of active and deliberate dishonesty by the director or officer that was material to 

the cause of action adjudicated.

In addition, our charter and bylaws and indemnification agreements that we have entered into with our directors and certain of our 
officers require us to indemnify our directors and officers, among others, for actions taken by them in those capacities to the 
maximum extent permitted by Maryland law. As a result, we and our shareholders may have more limited rights against our 
directors and officers than might otherwise exist. Accordingly, in the event that actions taken in good faith by any of our directors 
or officers impede the performance of our company, the ability of our shareholders to recover damages from such director or officer 
will be limited. In addition, we will be obligated to advance the defense costs incurred by our directors and officers who have 
indemnification  agreements,  and  may,  at  the  discretion  of  our  board  of  directors,  advance  the  defense  costs  incurred  by  our 
employees and other agents in connection with legal proceedings.

Our charter contains provisions that make removal of our directors difficult, which could make it difficult for our shareholders 
to effect changes to our management.

Our charter provides that a director may only be removed for cause upon the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the votes 
entitled to be cast in the election of directors. Vacancies may be filled only by a majority vote of the remaining directors in office, 
even if less than a quorum. These requirements make it more difficult to change our management by removing and replacing 
directors and may prevent a change of control that is in the best interests of our shareholders.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR REIT STATUS

Failure to qualify as a REIT would cause us to be taxed as a regular corporation and, even if we qualify as a REIT, we may 
face other tax liabilities which could substantially reduce funds available for distribution to our shareholders and materially 
and adversely affect our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.

We believe that we have been organized, owned and operated in conformity with the requirements for qualification and taxation 
as a REIT under the Code beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 2003, and that our intended manner of ownership 
and operation will enable us to continue to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT for U.S. federal income 
tax purposes. However, we cannot assure you that we have qualified or will qualify as such.

Qualification as a REIT involves the application of highly technical and complex provisions of the Code as to which there are only 
limited judicial and administrative interpretations and involves the determination of facts and circumstances not entirely within 
our control. For example, to qualify as a REIT, we generally are required to annually distribute to our shareholders at least 90% 
of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding net capital gains. To the 
extent that we satisfy this distribution requirement, but distribute less than 100% of our taxable income, we will be subject to U.S. 
federal corporate income tax on our undistributed taxable income.

15

If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will face serious tax consequences that will substantially reduce the funds 
available for distributions to our shareholders because of the following:

•  we would not be allowed a deduction for dividends paid to shareholders in computing our taxable income and would be 

subject to U.S. federal income tax at the generally applicable corporate rate;

•  we could be subject to increased state and local taxes; and

• 

unless we are entitled to relief under certain U.S. federal income tax laws, we could not re-elect REIT status until the 
fifth calendar year after the year in which we failed to qualify as a REIT.

In addition, if we fail to qualify as a REIT, it could result in default under certain of our indebtedness agreements. As a result of 
all of these factors, our failure to qualify as a REIT could adversely affect our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be subject to adverse legislative or regulatory tax changes that could negatively impact our cash flow, financial condition 
and results of operations.

At any time, the U.S. federal income tax laws governing REITs or the administrative interpretation of those laws (or other laws 
affecting our business) may be amended. We cannot predict if or when any new or amended U.S. federal income tax law, regulation 
or administrative interpretation (or any repeal thereof) will become effective, and any such law, regulation, interpretation or repeal 
may take effect retroactively. Any such changes could adversely affect our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be required to borrow funds or sell assets to satisfy our REIT distribution requirements.

Our cash flows may be insufficient to fund distributions required to maintain our qualification as a REIT as a result of differences 
in timing between the actual receipt of income and the recognition of income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, or the effect 
of non-deductible expenses, such as capital expenditures, payments of compensation for which Section 162(m) of the Code denies 
a deduction, the creation of reserves or required amortization payments. If we do not have other funds available in these situations, 
we may need to borrow funds on a short-term basis or sell assets, even if the then-prevailing market conditions are not favorable 
for these borrowings or sales, in order to satisfy our REIT distribution requirements. Such actions could adversely affect our cash 
flow and results of operations.

Dividends payable by REITs generally do not qualify for reduced tax rates.

Certain qualified dividends paid by corporations to individuals, trusts and estates that are U.S. shareholders are taxed at capital 
gain rates, which are lower than ordinary income rates. Dividends of current and accumulated earnings and profits payable by 
REITs, however, are generally taxed at ordinary income rates as opposed to the capital gain rates (provided that for taxable years 
2018 to 2025, non-corporate taxpayers generally may deduct up to 20% of their ordinary REIT dividends). Dividends payable by 
REITs in excess of these earnings and profits generally are treated as a non-taxable reduction of the shareholders’ basis in the 
shares to the extent thereof and thereafter as taxable gain. The more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate dividends could 
cause investors who are individuals, trusts and estates to perceive investments in REITs, including us, to be relatively less attractive 
than investments in the stock of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends. In addition, non-REIT corporations may begin to pay 
dividends or increase dividends as a result of the lower corporate income tax rate that will go into effect in 2018. As a result, the 
trading price of our Class A common stock may be negatively impacted.

Complying with REIT requirements may cause us to forego otherwise attractive opportunities or liquidate otherwise attractive 
investments.

To qualify as a REIT, we must continually satisfy tests concerning, among other things, (i) the sources of our income, (ii) the nature 
and diversification of our assets, (iii) the amounts we distribute to our shareholders, (iv) the number of or aggregate value of 
dispositions completed annually and (v) the ownership of our capital stock. In order to meet these tests, we may be required to 
forego investments we might otherwise make and refrain from engaging in certain activities. Thus, compliance with the REIT 
requirements may hinder our performance.

In addition, if we fail to comply with certain asset ownership tests at the end of any calendar quarter, we must correct the failure 
within 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter or qualify for certain statutory relief provisions to avoid losing our REIT 
qualification. As a result, we may be required to liquidate otherwise attractive investments.

16

If a transaction intended to qualify as an Internal Revenue Code Section 1031 tax-deferred exchange (1031 Exchange) is later 
determined to be taxable, we may face adverse consequences, and if the laws applicable to such transactions are amended or 
repealed, we may be unable to dispose of properties on a tax-deferred basis.

From time to time, we may dispose of properties in transactions that are intended to qualify as 1031 Exchanges. It is possible that 
the qualification of a transaction as a 1031 Exchange could be successfully challenged and determined to be currently taxable. In 
such case, our taxable income and earnings and profits would increase, which could increase the ordinary dividend income to our 
stockholders. In some circumstances, we may be required to pay additional dividends or, in lieu of that, corporate income tax, 
possibly including interest and penalties. As a result, we may be required to borrow funds in order to pay additional dividends or 
taxes, and the payment of such taxes could cause us to have less cash available to distribute to our stockholders. In addition, if a 
1031 Exchange was later determined to be taxable, we may be required to amend our tax returns for the applicable year in question, 
including any information reports we sent our stockholders. Moreover, it is possible that legislation could be enacted that could 
modify or repeal the laws with respect to 1031 Exchanges, which could make it more difficult or impossible for us to dispose of 
properties on a tax-deferred basis.

Shareholders may be restricted from acquiring or transferring certain amounts of our stock.

In order to maintain our REIT qualification, among other requirements, no more than 50% in value of our outstanding stock may 
be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals, as defined in the Code to include certain kinds of entities, during the 
last half of any taxable year, other than the first year for which we made a REIT election. To assist us in qualifying as a REIT, our 
charter contains an aggregate stock ownership limit of 9.8% and a common stock ownership limit of 9.8%. Generally, shareholders 
must include stock of affiliates for purposes of determining whether they own stock in excess of any of these ownership limits.

If anyone attempts to transfer or own shares of our stock in a way that would violate the aggregate stock ownership limit or the 
common stock ownership limit, unless such ownership limits have been waived by our board of directors, or in a way that would 
prevent us from continuing to qualify as a REIT, those shares instead will be transferred to a trust for the benefit of a charitable 
beneficiary and will either be redeemed by us or sold to a person whose ownership of the shares will not violate the aggregate 
stock ownership limit or the common stock ownership limit. Purported transferees generally bear any decline in the market price 
of such stock held in such trust but do not benefit from any increase. If this transfer to a trust fails to prevent such a violation or 
our disqualification as a REIT, then the initial intended transfer or ownership will be null and void from the outset.

The  ability  of  our  board  of  directors  to  revoke  our  REIT  qualification  without  shareholder  approval  may  cause  adverse 
consequences to our shareholders.

Our charter provides that our board of directors may revoke or otherwise terminate our REIT election, without the approval of our 
shareholders, if it determines that it is no longer in our best interest to continue to qualify as a REIT. If we cease to be a REIT, we 
will not be allowed a deduction for dividends paid to shareholders in computing our taxable income and we will be subject to U.S. 
federal income tax at the generally applicable corporate rate and state and local taxes, which may have adverse consequences on 
our total return to our shareholders.

Prospective investors are urged to consult with their tax advisors regarding the effects of recently enacted tax legislation and 
other legislative, regulatory and administrative developments.

On December 22, 2017, H.R. 1, informally titled the “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act” (TCJA), was signed into law. The TCJA makes 
major changes to the Code, including a number of provisions of the Code that affect the taxation of REITs and their shareholders. 
Among the changes made by the TCJA are (i) permanently reducing the generally applicable corporate tax rate, (ii) generally 
reducing the tax rate applicable to individuals and other non-corporate taxpayers for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017 
and before January 1, 2026, (iii) eliminating or modifying certain previously allowed deductions (including substantially limiting 
interest deductibility), and (iv) for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017 and before January 1, 2026, providing for 
preferential rates of taxation through a deduction of up to 20% (subject to certain limitations) on most ordinary REIT dividends 
and certain trade or business income of non-corporate taxpayers. The TCJA also imposes new limitations on the deduction of net 
operating losses, which may result in us having to make additional taxable distributions to our shareholders in order to comply 
with REIT distribution requirements or avoid taxes on retained income and gains. The effect of the significant changes made by 
the TCJA is highly uncertain, and administrative guidance will be required in order to fully evaluate the effect of many provisions. 
The effect of any technical corrections or other amendments with respect to the TCJA could have an adverse effect on us or our 
shareholders. Investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the implications of the TCJA on their investment in our Class 
A common stock or fixed rate debt securities.

17

GENERAL INVESTMENT RISKS

The market prices and trading volume of our debt and equity securities may be volatile.

The market prices of our debt and equity securities depend on various factors that may be unrelated to our operating performance 
or prospects. We cannot assure you that the market prices of our debt and equity securities, including our Class A common stock, 
will not fluctuate or decline significantly in the future.

A number of factors could negatively affect, or result in fluctuations in, the prices or trading volume of our debt and equity securities, 
including:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

actual or anticipated changes in our operating results and changes in expectations of future financial performance;

our operating performance and the performance of other similar companies;

our strategic decisions, such as acquisitions, dispositions, spin-offs, joint ventures, strategic investments or changes in 
business strategy;

adverse market reaction to any indebtedness we incur in the future;

equity issuances or buybacks by us or the perception that such issuances or buybacks may occur;

increases in market interest rates or decreases in our distributions to shareholders that lead purchasers of our shares to 
demand a higher yield;

changes in market valuations of similar companies;

changes in real estate valuations;

additions or departures of key management personnel;

changes in the real estate industry, including increased competition due to shopping center supply growth, and in the retail 
industry, including growth in e-commerce, catalog companies and direct consumer sales;

publication of research reports about us or our industry by securities analysts;

speculation in the press or investment community;

the passage of legislation or other regulatory developments that adversely affect us, our tax status, or our industry;

changes in accounting principles;

our failure to satisfy the listing requirements of the NYSE;

our failure to comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes Oxley Act;

our failure to qualify as a REIT; and

general market conditions, including factors unrelated to our performance.

In the past, securities class action litigation has often been instituted against companies following periods of volatility in the price 
of their common stock. This type of litigation could result in substantial costs and divert management’s attention and resources, 
which could have a material adverse effect on our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.

Increases in market interest rates may result in a decrease in the value of our publicly-traded debt and equity securities.

One of the factors that may influence the prices of our publicly-traded debt and equity securities is the interest rate on our publicly-
traded debt and the dividend yield on our common stock relative to market interest rates. If market interest rates, which are currently 
at low levels relative to historical rates, rise, our borrowing costs could rise and result in less funds being available for distribution. 
Therefore, we may not be able to, or we may choose not to, provide a higher distribution rate on our common stock. In addition, 

18

fluctuations in interest rates could adversely affect the market value of our properties. These factors could result in a decline in 
the market prices of our publicly-traded debt and equity securities.

Future offerings of debt securities, which would be senior to our common stock, would dilute the interests of our existing 
shareholders and may be senior to our existing common stock, may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

We have $700,000 of unsecured notes and have established an at-the-market (ATM) equity program under which we may sell 
shares of our Class A common stock. In the future, we may attempt to increase our capital resources by making additional offerings 
of debt or equity securities, including senior or subordinated notes and classes of preferred or common stock. Holders of debt 
securities or shares of preferred stock will generally be entitled to receive interest payments or distributions, both current and in 
connection with any liquidation or sale, prior to the holders of our common stock. Furthermore, offerings of common stock or 
other equity securities may dilute the holdings of our existing shareholders. We are not required to offer any such equity securities 
to existing shareholders on a preemptive basis, and future offerings of debt or equity securities, or perceptions that such offerings 
may occur, may reduce the market price of our common stock or the distributions that we pay with respect to our common stock. 
Because we may generally issue any such debt or equity securities in the future without obtaining the consent of our shareholders, 
our shareholders bear the risk of our future offerings reducing the market price of our common stock and diluting their proportionate 
ownership.

Our ability to pay dividends is limited by the requirements of Maryland law.

Our ability to pay dividends on our common stock is limited by the laws of the State of Maryland. Under applicable Maryland 
law, a Maryland corporation generally may not make a distribution if, after giving effect to the distribution, the corporation would 
not be able to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of business, or the corporation’s total assets would be less than 
the sum of its total liabilities plus, unless the corporation’s charter provides otherwise, the amount that would be needed, if the 
corporation were dissolved at the time of the distribution, to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of shareholders whose 
preferential rights are superior to those receiving the distribution. Accordingly, we generally may not make a distribution on our 
common stock if, after giving effect to the distribution, we would not be able to pay our debts as they become due in the usual 
course of business or our total assets would be less than the sum of our total liabilities plus, unless the terms of such class or series 
provide otherwise, the amount that would be needed to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of the holders of shares of 
any class or series of preferred stock then outstanding, if any, with preferences senior to those of our common stock.

Changes in accounting standards may adversely impact our financial results.

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) recently issued new guidance on a variety of topics, including, among others, 
lease accounting, that may impact how we account for certain transactions. Specifically, the new lease accounting guidance will 
require the recognition of a lease liability and a right-of-use asset for operating leases where we are the lessee, such as ground 
leases and office leases. We are continuing to assess the impact of adoption of this new standard at this time and, as such, are 
unable to predict the full impact this new standard, or other new accounting standards that we have not yet adopted, could have 
on the presentation of our consolidated financial statements, results of operations and financial ratios required by our debt covenants.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

19

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

The following table sets forth summary information regarding our operating portfolio as of December 31, 2017. Dollars (other 
than per square foot information) and square feet of GLA are presented in thousands. This information is grouped into divisions 
based on the manner in which we have structured our asset management, property management and leasing operations. For additional 
property details on our operating portfolio, see “Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation (Schedule III)” herein.

Number of
Properties

ABR

% of Total
Retail
ABR (a)

ABR per
Occupied
Sq. Ft.

% of Total
Retail
GLA (a)

Occupancy
(b)

GLA

49

$

151,494

42.5% $

18.22

8,841

43.6%

94.1%

Division

Eastern Division

Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Maryland,
Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey,
New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South
Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia

Western Division

Arizona, California, Illinois, Oklahoma, Texas,
Washington

Total retail operating portfolio

Office

Total operating portfolio (c)

113

$

359,631

$

63

112

1

204,875

57.5%

19.11

11,424

56.4%

93.9%

356,369

3,262

100.0%

18.72

15.31

18.68

20,265

895

21,160

100.0%

93.9%

23.8%

91.0%

(a)  Percentages are only provided for our retail operating portfolio.

(b)  Calculated as the percentage of economically occupied GLA as of December 31, 2017. Including leases signed but not commenced, our 

retail operating portfolio and our consolidated operating portfolio were 94.9% and 92.8% leased, respectively, as of December 31, 2017.

(c)  Excludes one single-user retail operating property classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2017, as well as two properties that are in 

active redevelopment and one property where we have begun activities in anticipation of future redevelopment.

The following table sets forth information regarding the 20 largest tenants in our retail operating portfolio based on ABR as of 
December 31, 2017. Dollars (other than per square foot information) and square feet of GLA are presented in thousands.

Tenant

Primary DBA

Best Buy Co., Inc.

Best Buy, Pacific Sales

The TJX Companies, Inc.

HomeGoods, Marshalls, T.J. Maxx

Bed Bath & Beyond Inc.

Bed Bath & Beyond, Buy Buy
Baby, Cost Plus World Market

Regal Entertainment Group

Edwards Cinema

Ross Stores, Inc.

PetSmart, Inc.

AB Acquisition LLC

Michaels Stores, Inc.

Ascena Retail Group Inc.

BJ’s Wholesale Club, Inc.

Gap Inc.

Ahold U.S.A. Inc.

The Home Depot, Inc.

Barnes & Noble, Inc.

Lowe’s Companies, Inc.

Office Depot, Inc.
Pier 1 Imports, Inc.

The Kroger Co.

Party City Holdings Inc.

Mattress Firm Holding Corp.
Total Top Retail Tenants

Ross Dress for Less

Safeway, Jewel-Osco, Tom Thumb

Michaels, Aaron Brothers Art &
Frame

Dress Barn, Lane Bryant, Justice,
Catherine’s, Ann Taylor, Maurices,
LOFT

Old Navy, Banana Republic, The
Gap, Gap Factory Store, Athleta

Stop & Shop

Office Depot, OfficeMax

Kroger, Harris Teeter, QFC

Mattress Firm, Sleepy’s

Number
of Stores

ABR

% of
Total ABR

ABR per
Occupied
Sq. Ft.

Occupied
GLA

% of
Occupied
GLA

$

10,063

2.8% $

15

25

19

2

20

19

8

18

41

2

23

3

3

9

4

12
18

7

17

24

7,396

7,055

6,911

6,758

6,105

6,103

5,222

4,791

4,609

4,474

4,296

4,162

4,115

3,944

3,693
3,668

3,638

3,508

3,452

1.3%

22.08

2.1%

2.0%

1.9%

1.9%

1.7%

1.7%

1.5%

1.3%

1.3%

1.2%

1.2%

1.2%

1.1%

1.0%
1.0%

1.0%

1.0%

1.0%

16.63

10.32

13.70

31.56

11.57

16.11

13.12

12.83

18.81

16.33

23.48

11.86

18.79

6.47

13.68
20.38

10.42

14.15

29.01

14.53

605

717

515

219

584

379

465

407

217

245

274

183

351

219

610

270
180

349

248

119

3.2%

3.8%

2.7%

1.2%

3.1%

2.0%

2.4%

2.1%

1.1%

1.3%

1.4%

1.0%

1.8%

1.2%

3.2%

1.4%
0.9%

1.8%

1.3%

0.6%

7,156

37.5%

289

$ 103,963

29.2% $

20

The following table sets forth a summary, as of December 31, 2017, of lease expirations scheduled to occur during 2018 and each 
of the nine calendar years from 2019 to 2027 and thereafter, assuming no exercise of renewal options or early termination rights 
for all leases in our retail operating portfolio. The following table is based on leases commenced as of December 31, 2017. Dollars 
(other than per square foot information) and square feet of GLA are presented in thousands.

Lease Expiration Year

Lease
Count

ABR

% of Total
ABR

ABR per
Occupied
Sq. Ft.

GLA

% of
Occupied
GLA

2018 (a)
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
Thereafter
Month-to-month

Total

332
417
322
276
308
207
152
100
79
82
68
15
2,358

$

$

32,663
58,336
35,459
42,212
48,719
35,951
22,554
19,688
15,479
15,110
28,964
1,234
356,369

9.1% $
16.4%
9.9%
11.8%
13.7%
10.1%
6.3%
5.6%
4.3%
4.2%
8.2%
0.4%

100.0% $

22.81
20.51
18.59
19.45
16.17
16.68
17.61
17.13
21.50
15.29
21.66
28.05
18.72

1,432
2,844
1,907
2,170
3,012
2,155
1,281
1,149
720
988
1,337
44
19,039

7.6%
15.0%
10.0%
11.3%
15.7%
11.3%
6.7%
6.0%
3.8%
5.2%
7.1%
0.3%
100.0%

(a)  Excludes month-to-month leases.

We continue to focus on leasing the vacant space at our one remaining office property and have leased 413,000 square feet of the 
available 895,000 square feet as of December 31, 2017. The property is under contract for sale, which is expected to close during 
the first quarter of 2018, subject to satisfaction of customary closing conditions.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are subject, from time to time, to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. While the 
resolution of such matters may not be predicted with certainty, we believe, based on currently available information, that the final 
outcome of such matters will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

21

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER 
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

The following table sets forth, for the quarterly periods indicated, the high and low sales prices of our Class A common stock, 
which trades on the NYSE under the trading symbol RPAI, for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:

2017
Fourth Quarter
Third Quarter
Second Quarter
First Quarter
2016
Fourth Quarter
Third Quarter
Second Quarter
First Quarter

Sales Price

High

Low

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

13.64
13.78
14.70
15.81

16.97
17.78
17.00
16.09

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

12.05
11.94
11.61
13.88

14.42
16.29
15.55
14.02

The closing share price for our Class A common stock on February 9, 2018, as reported on the NYSE, was $11.34.

The following table summarizes distributions per share of our Class A common stock:

Declaration Date

Record Date

Payment Date

Dividend per Share

2017

2016

10/26/2017
7/25/2017
4/25/2017
2/13/2017
10/25/2016

7/28/2016
4/26/2016
2/11/2016
10/27/2015

12/27/2017
9/26/2017
6/26/2017
3/27/2017
12/22/2016

9/26/2016
6/27/2016
3/28/2016
12/23/2015

1/10/2018
10/10/2017
7/10/2017
4/10/2017
1/10/2017

10/7/2016
7/8/2016
4/8/2016
1/8/2016

$
$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

0.165625 (a)
0.165625
0.165625
0.165625
0.165625

0.165625
0.165625
0.165625
0.165625

(a)  A portion of the dividend, $0.131898, is considered a taxable distribution to shareholders in 2017 with the remaining $0.033727 

considered a taxable distribution to shareholders in 2018.

We have determined that the dividends paid on our Class A common stock qualify for the following tax treatment:

Ordinary dividends
Non-dividend distributions
Capital gain distributions

Total distribution per common share

2017
0.760339
—
0.034059
0.794398

$

$

2016
0.449528
0.212972
—
0.662500

$

$

As of February 9, 2018, there were approximately 13,600 record holders of our Class A common stock. The number of holders 
does not include individuals or entities who beneficially own shares but whose shares of record are held by a broker or clearing 
agency.

22

We intend to continue to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Code generally requires that a REIT annually 
distributes to its shareholders at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction 
and excluding net capital gains. The Code imposes tax on any undistributed REIT taxable income.

To satisfy the requirements for qualification as a REIT and generally not be subject to U.S. federal income and excise tax, we 
intend to make regular quarterly distributions of all, or substantially all, of our REIT taxable income to shareholders. Our future 
distributions will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors. When determining the amount of future distributions, we expect 
to consider, among other factors, (i) the amount of cash generated from our operating activities, (ii) our expectations of future cash 
flow, (iii) our determination of near-term cash needs for debt repayments and potential future share repurchases, (iv) the market 
of available acquisitions of new properties and redevelopment, expansions and pad development opportunities, (v) the timing of 
significant re-leasing activities and the establishment of additional cash reserves for anticipated tenant allowances and general 
property capital improvements, (vi) our ability to continue to access additional sources of capital and (vii) the amount required to 
be distributed to maintain our status as a REIT, which is a requirement of our unsecured credit agreement, and to reduce any income 
and excise taxes that we otherwise would be required to pay. Under certain circumstances, we may be required to make distributions 
in excess of cash available for distribution in order to meet the REIT distribution requirements.

If our operations do not generate sufficient cash flow to allow us to satisfy the REIT distribution requirements, we may be required 
to fund distributions from working capital or by borrowing funds, issuing equity or selling assets. Our actual results of operations 
will be affected by a number of factors, including the revenues we receive from tenants at our properties, our operating and corporate 
expenses, interest expense, the ability of our tenants to meet their obligations and unanticipated expenditures. For more information 
regarding risk factors that could materially adversely affect our actual results of operations, please see Item 1A. “Risk Factors.”

Sales of Unregistered Equity Securities

There were no unregistered sales of equity securities during the quarter ended December 31, 2017.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table summarizes our common stock repurchases during the quarter ended December 31, 2017, including, where 
applicable, shares of common stock surrendered to the Company by employees to satisfy their tax withholding obligations in 
connection with the vesting of restricted shares, and amounts outstanding under our common stock repurchase program:

Period

October 1, 2017 to October 31, 2017

November 1, 2017 to November 30, 2017 (b)

December 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017

Total

Total number
of shares of
Class A common
stock purchased

Average price
paid per share
of Class A
common stock

— $

7,857

$

— $

7,857

$

—

12.90

—

12.90

Total number of
shares purchased
as part of publicly
announced plans
or programs

Maximum number
(or approximate dollar
value) of shares that
may yet be purchased
under the plans
or programs (a)

— $

7,854

$

— $

7,854

$

115,570

14,057

264,057

264,057

(a)  As disclosed on the Forms 8-K dated December 15, 2015 and December 14, 2017, represents the amount outstanding under our $500,000 
common stock repurchase program, which has no scheduled expiration date. The size of the program was increased from $250,000 to 
$500,000 on December 14, 2017.

(b)  Includes 968 shares repurchased in November 2017 at an average price per share of $13.02 for a total of $12,629, which settled in December 

2017.

23

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and 
related notes appearing elsewhere in this annual report. Cash flows in the table below reflect the early adoption of Accounting 
Standards Update (ASU) 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows, which clarifies that debt prepayment costs are to be reflected as a 
financing outflow, and ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows, which requires amounts generally described as restricted cash and 
restricted cash equivalents to be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-
period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The adoption of these pronouncements resulted in increases of $2,382, 
$837, $9,147 and $6,669 in cash flows provided by operating activities, (decreases)/increases of $(5,093), $(22,665), $17,821, 
and $(20,989) in cash flows provided by investing activities and increases of $3,863, $837, $8,697 and $9,021 in cash flows used 
in financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

24

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.
As of and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014 and 2013
(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

Net investment properties

Total assets

Total debt

Total shareholders’ equity

Total revenues

Expenses:

Depreciation and amortization

Other

Total expenses

Operating income

Gain on extinguishment of debt

Gain on extinguishment of other liabilities

Equity in loss of unconsolidated joint ventures, net

Gain on sale of joint venture interest

Gain on change in control of investment properties

Interest expense

Other non-operating income, net

(Loss) income from continuing operations

Income from discontinued operations, net

Gain on sales of investment properties, net

Net income

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest

Net income attributable to the Company

Preferred stock dividends

Net income attributable to common shareholders

Earnings (loss) per common share – basic and diluted:

Continuing operations

Discontinued operations

Net income per common share attributable to

common shareholders

Distributions declared – preferred

Distributions declared per preferred share

Excess of redemption value over carrying value of

preferred stock redemption
Distributions declared – common

Distributions declared per common share

Cash flows provided by operating activities

Cash flows provided by investing activities

Cash flows used in financing activities

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – diluted

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

2014

4,314,905

4,787,989

2,318,735

2,187,881

600,614

215,966

282,003

497,969

102,645

—

4,258

(2,088)

—

24,158

(133,835)

5,459

597

507

42,196

43,300

—

43,300

(9,450)

33,850

0.14

—

0.14

9,450

1.75

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

2013

4,474,044

4,858,518

2,280,587

2,307,340

551,508

222,710

251,277

473,987

77,521

—

—

(1,246)

17,499

5,435

(146,805)

4,741

(42,855)

50,675

5,806

13,626

—

13,626

(9,450)

4,176

(0.20)

0.22

0.02

9,713

1.80

—

155,616

0.66

246,301

82,223

(431,744)

234,134

234,134

2017

3,569,937

3,918,264

1,746,086

1,885,700

538,139

203,866

275,038

478,904

59,235

—

—

—

—

—

$

$

$

$

$

2016

4,056,173

4,452,973

1,997,925

2,152,086

583,143

224,430

232,567

456,997

126,146

13,653

6,978

—

—

—

$

$

$

$

$

2015

4,254,647

4,621,251

2,166,238

2,155,337

603,960

214,706

248,184

462,890

141,070

—

—

—

—

—

(146,092)

(109,730)

(138,938)

63

37,110

—

129,707

166,817

—

166,817

(9,450)

157,367

0.66

—

0.66

9,450

1.75

$

$

$

$

$

1,700

3,832

—

121,792

125,624

(528)

125,096

(9,450)

115,646

0.49

—

0.49

9,450

1.75

373

(86,484)

—

337,975

251,491

—

251,491

(13,867)

237,624

1.03

—

1.03

9,161

1.70

4,706

151,612

0.66

247,516

608,302

(851,832)

230,747

230,927

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

25

— $

— $

— $

$

$

$

$

$

157,168

0.66

266,130

12,444

(283,453)

236,651

236,951

$

$

$

$

$

157,173

0.66

266,650

2,623

(352,806)

236,380

236,382

$

$

$

$

$

156,742

0.66

263,161

95,721

(286,509)

236,184

236,187

ITEM  7.  MANAGEMENT’S  DISCUSSION  AND  ANALYSIS  OF  FINANCIAL  CONDITION  AND  RESULTS  OF 
OPERATIONS

Certain statements in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Risk Factors,” 
“Business” and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning 
of the safe harbor from civil liability provided for such statements by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (set 
forth in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act). Forward-looking statements involve numerous risks and uncertainties and you 
should not rely on them as predictions of future events. Forward-looking statements depend on assumptions, data or methods 
which may be incorrect or imprecise and we may not be able to realize them. We do not guarantee that the transactions and events 
described will happen as described (or that they will happen at all). You can identify forward-looking statements by the use of 
forward-looking  terminology  such  as  “believes,”  “expects,”  “may,”  “should,”  “intends,”  “plans,”  “estimates,”  “continue”  or 
“anticipates” and variations of such words or similar expressions or the negative of such words. You can also identify forward-
looking statements by discussions of strategies, plans or intentions. Risks, uncertainties and changes in the following factors, 
among others, could cause actual results and future events to differ materially from those set forth or contemplated in the forward-
looking statements:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

economic, business and financial conditions, and changes in our industry and changes in the real estate markets in particular;

economic and other developments in markets where we have a high concentration of properties;

our business strategy;

our projected operating results;

rental rates and/or vacancy rates;

frequency and magnitude of defaults on, early terminations of or non-renewal of leases by tenants;

bankruptcy or insolvency of a major tenant or a significant number of smaller tenants;

interest rates or operating costs;

real estate and zoning laws and changes in real property tax rates;

real estate valuations;

our leverage;

our  ability  to  generate  sufficient  cash  flows  to  service  our  outstanding  indebtedness  and  make  distributions  to  our 
shareholders;

our ability to obtain necessary outside financing;

the availability, terms and deployment of capital;

general volatility of the capital and credit markets and the market price of our Class A common stock;

risks  generally  associated  with  real  estate  acquisitions  and  dispositions,  including  our  ability  to  identify  and  pursue 
acquisition and disposition opportunities;

risks generally associated with redevelopment, including the impact of construction delays and cost overruns, our ability 
to lease redeveloped space and our ability to identify and pursue redevelopment opportunities;

composition of members of our senior management team;

our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel;

our ability to continue to qualify as a REIT;

26

 
• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

governmental regulations, tax laws and rates and similar matters;

our compliance with laws, rules and regulations;

environmental uncertainties and exposure to natural disasters;

insurance coverage; and

the likelihood or actual occurrence of terrorist attacks in the U.S.

For a further discussion of these and other factors that could impact our future results, performance or transactions, see Item 1A. 
“Risk Factors.” Readers should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which are based only on information 
currently available to us (or to third parties making the forward-looking statements). We undertake no obligation to publicly release 
any revisions to such forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Annual Report on Form  
10-K, except as required by applicable law.

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related 
notes included in this report.

Executive Summary

Retail Properties of America, Inc. is a REIT that owns and operates high quality, strategically located shopping centers in the 
United States. As of December 31, 2017, we owned 112 retail operating properties representing 20,265,000 square feet of GLA. 
Our retail operating portfolio includes (i) neighborhood and community centers, (ii) power centers, and (iii) lifestyle centers and 
multi-tenant retail-focused mixed-use properties, as well as single-user retail properties.

The following table summarizes our operating portfolio as of December 31, 2017:

Property Type

Number of
Properties

GLA
(in thousands)

Occupancy

Percent Leased
Including Leases
Signed (a)

Operating portfolio:
Multi-tenant retail

Neighborhood and community centers
Power centers
Lifestyle centers and mixed-use properties

Total multi-tenant retail

Single-user retail
Total retail operating portfolio
Office

Total operating portfolio (b)

58
34
15
107
5
112
1
113

8,418
7,670
3,797
19,885
380
20,265
895
21,160

93.0%
95.3%
92.8%
93.8%
100.0%
93.9%
23.8%
91.0%

93.7%
96.2%
94.4%
94.8%
100.0%
94.9%
46.1%
92.8%

(a)  Includes leases signed but not commenced.

(b)  Excludes one single-user retail operating property classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2017.

In addition to our operating portfolio, as of December 31, 2017, we owned two properties that were in active redevelopment and 
one property where we have begun activities in anticipation of future redevelopment.

Subject to favorable market conditions, among other factors, we expect to effectively complete our portfolio transformation in 
early 2018, the core objective of which was to become a prominent owner of multi-tenant retail properties primarily located in the 
following markets: Dallas, Washington, D.C./Baltimore, New York, Chicago, Seattle, Atlanta, Houston, San Antonio, Phoenix and 
Austin.

2017 Company Highlights

Acquisitions

During the year ended December 31, 2017, we acquired three multi-tenant retail operating properties, five additional phases, 
including the development rights for additional residential units, at an existing wholly-owned multi-tenant retail operating property, 

27

 
 
 
 
one outparcel at an existing wholly-owned multi-tenant retail operating property and the fee interest in an existing wholly-owned 
multi-tenant retail operating property for a total purchase price of $202,915.

The following table summarizes our 2017 acquisitions:

Date

Property Name

January 13, 2017

Main Street Promenade

January 25, 2017

Boulevard at the Capital Centre –

Fee Interest

MSA

Chicago

Property Type

Multi-tenant retail

Square
Footage

Acquisition
Price

181,600

$

88,000

Washington, D.C.

Fee interest (a)

February 24, 2017

One Loudoun Downtown – Phase II

Washington, D.C.

April 5, 2017

May 16, 2017

July 6, 2017

One Loudoun Downtown – Phase III

Washington, D.C.

One Loudoun Downtown – Phase IV

Washington, D.C.

Development rights (b)

New Hyde Park Shopping Center

New York

August 8, 2017

One Loudoun Downtown – Phase V

Washington, D.C.

August 8, 2017

One Loudoun Downtown – Phase VI

Washington, D.C.

December 11, 2017

Plaza del Lago (c)

December 19, 2017

Southlake Town Square – Outparcel

Chicago

Dallas

Additional phase of
multi-tenant retail (b)

Additional phase of
multi-tenant retail (b)

Multi-tenant retail

Additional phase of
multi-tenant retail (b)

Additional phase of
multi-tenant retail (b)

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail
outparcel (d)

—

15,900

9,800

—

32,300

17,700

74,100

100,200

12,200

2,000

4,128

2,193

3,500

22,075

5,167

20,523

48,300

7,029

443,800

$

202,915

(a)  The wholly-owned multi-tenant retail operating property located in Largo, Maryland was previously subject to an approximately 70 acre 
long-term ground lease with a third party. We completed a transaction whereby we received the fee interest in approximately 50 acres of 
the underlying land in exchange for which (i) we paid $1,939 and (ii) the term of the ground lease with respect to the remaining approximately 
20 acres was shortened to nine months. We derecognized building and improvements of $11,347 related to the remaining ground lease, 
recognized the fair value of land received of $15,200 and recorded a gain of $2,524, which was recognized during the three months ended 
December 31, 2017 upon the expiration of the ground lease on approximately 20 acres. The total number of properties in our portfolio was 
not affected by this transaction.

(b)  We acquired the remaining five phases under contract, including the development rights for an additional 123 residential units for a total 
of 408 units, at our One Loudoun Downtown multi-tenant retail operating property. The total number of properties in our portfolio was not 
affected by these transactions.

(c)  Plaza del Lago also contains 8,800 square feet of residential space, comprised of 15 residential units, for a total of 109,000 square feet.

(d)  We acquired a multi-tenant retail outparcel located at our Southlake Town Square multi-tenant retail operating property. The total number 

of properties in our portfolio was not affected by this transaction.

In total for 2018, we expect to invest approximately $50,000 to $150,000 on strategic acquisitions.

Dispositions

During  the  year  ended  December 31,  2017,  we  continued  to  pursue  targeted  dispositions  of  select  non-target  and  single-user 
properties. Consideration from dispositions totaled $917,808 and included the sales of 41 multi-tenant retail operating properties 
aggregating 5,546,600 square feet for total consideration of $870,221, a 131,900 square foot single-user parcel located at an existing 
multi-tenant retail operating property for consideration of $17,519 and six single-user retail properties aggregating 132,200 square 
feet for total consideration of $30,068.

28

The following table summarizes our 2017 dispositions:

Date

Property Name

January 27, 2017

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd), Culver Rd.–Rochester, NY

February 21, 2017

Shoppes at Park West

March 7, 2017

March 8, 2017

March 15, 2017

March 16, 2017

March 24, 2017

April 4, 2017

April 4, 2017

April 4, 2017

April 27, 2017

May 9, 2017

May 9, 2017

May 25, 2017

May 26, 2017

May 30, 2017

May 31, 2017

June 5, 2017

June 6, 2017

June 16, 2017

June 29, 2017

June 29, 2017

June 29, 2017

June 29, 2017

July 20, 2017

July 26, 2017

July 27, 2017

August 4, 2017

August 14, 2017

August 25, 2017

August 25, 2017

CVS Pharmacy – Sylacauga, AL

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Kill Devil Hills, NC

Century III Plaza – Home Depot

Village Shoppes at Gainesville

Northwood Crossing

University Town Center

Edgemont Town Center

Phenix Crossing

Brown’s Lane

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Greer, SC

Evans Town Centre

Red Bug Village

Wilton Square

Town Square Plaza

Cuyahoga Falls Market Center

Plaza Santa Fe II

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Columbia, SC

Fox Creek Village

Cottage Plaza

Magnolia Square

Cinemark Seven Bridges

Low Country Village I & II

Boulevard Plaza

Irmo Station (a)

Hickory Ridge

Lakepointe Towne Center

The Columns

Holliday Towne Center

Northwoods Center (a)

September 14, 2017

The Orchard

September 21, 2017

Lake Mary Pointe

September 22, 2017

West Town Market

September 29, 2017

Dorman Centre I & II

October 6, 2017

October 10, 2017

October 24, 2017

October 27, 2017

Forks Town Center

Placentia Town Center

Five Forks

Saucon Valley Square

December 8, 2017

Corwest Plaza

December 14, 2017

23rd Street Plaza

December 15, 2017

Century III Plaza

December 20, 2017

Page Field Commons

December 21, 2017

Quakertown (a)

December 21, 2017

Bed Bath & Beyond Plaza – Miami, FL

December 22, 2017

High Ridge Crossing

December 28, 2017

Azalea Square I & Azalea Square III

Property Type

Single-user retail

Multi-tenant retail

Single-user retail

Single-user retail

Single-user parcel

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Single-user retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Single-user retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Single-user retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Square
Footage

Consideration

$

10,900

63,900

10,100

13,800

131,900

229,500

160,000

57,500

77,700

56,600

74,700

13,800

75,700

26,200

438,100

215,600

76,400

224,200

13,400

107,500

85,500

116,000

70,200

139,900

111,100

99,400

380,600

196,600

173,400

83,100

96,000

165,800

51,100

67,900

388,300

100,300

111,000

70,200

80,700

115,100

53,400

152,200

319,400

61,800

97,500

76,900

269,800

500

15,383

3,700

4,297

17,519

41,750

22,850

14,700

19,025

12,400

10,575

3,050

11,825

8,100

49,300

28,600

11,500

35,220

3,250

24,825

23,050

16,000

15,271

22,075

14,300

16,027

44,020

10,500

21,750

11,750

24,250

20,000

5,100

14,250

46,000

23,800

35,725

10,720

6,300

29,825

5,400

11,600

38,000

15,940

38,250

4,750

54,786

(a)  Disposition proceeds related to this property are temporarily restricted related to a potential 1031 Exchange. As of December 31, 2017, 
disposition proceeds totaling $54,087 are temporarily restricted and are included in “Other assets, net” in the accompanying consolidated 
balance sheets.

5,810,700

$

917,808

29

During the year ended December 31, 2017, we also received net proceeds of $155 from other transactions, including condemnation 
awards and receipt of the escrow related to the disposition of Maple Tree Place on August 12, 2016. The aggregate proceeds, net 
of closing costs, from property dispositions and other transactions during the year ended December 31, 2017 totaled $896,456.

Subsequent  to  December 31,  2017,  we  sold  one  single-user  retail  operating  property  consisting  of  74,200  square  feet  for 
consideration of $6,900. During 2018, we expect targeted dispositions to be approximately $200,000.

Market Summary

The following table summarizes our operating portfolio by market as of December 31, 2017:

Number of
Properties

ABR (a)

% of Total
Multi-Tenant
Retail ABR 
(a)

ABR per
Occupied
Sq. Ft.

% of Total
Multi-Tenant
Retail GLA 
(a)

Occupancy

% Leased
Including
Signed

GLA (a)

Property Type/Market

Multi-Tenant Retail:
Top 25 MSAs (b)

Dallas
New York
Washington, D.C.
Chicago
Seattle
Atlanta
Houston
Baltimore
San Antonio
Phoenix
Los Angeles
Riverside
St. Louis
Charlotte
Tampa

Subtotal

Non-Top 25 MSAs (b)

19
9
8
8
8
9
9
4
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
85

22

$

83,144
35,246
33,043
28,261
20,762
19,052
15,430
13,616
12,296
10,042
5,542
4,594
4,106
3,350
2,374
290,858

24.0% $
10.2%
9.5%
8.1%
6.0%
5.5%
4.4%
3.9%
3.5%
2.9%
1.6%
1.3%
1.2%
1.0%
0.7%
83.8%

56,190

16.2%

22.23
28.23
26.86
22.81
15.33
13.30
14.18
16.85
17.23
17.33
26.23
15.71
9.61
11.61
19.48
19.68

14.47

18.60

24.52

18.72

15.31

3,938
1,292
1,385
1,358
1,478
1,513
1,140
865
722
631
255
292
453
319
126
15,767

4,118

19,885

380

20,265

895

19.8%
6.5%
7.0%
6.8%
7.4%
7.6%
5.7%
4.4%
3.6%
3.2%
1.3%
1.5%
2.3%
1.6%
0.6%
79.3%

20.7%

95.0%
96.6%
88.8%
91.3%
91.6%
94.7%
95.4%
93.5%
98.9%
91.7%
82.9%
100.0%
94.3%
90.6%
97.0%
93.7%

95.2%
97.3%
93.9%
92.1%
92.5%
96.7%
95.4%
93.5%
99.1%
93.6%
82.9%
100.0%
94.3%
96.6%
97.0%
94.8%

94.3%

94.7%

100.0%

93.8%

94.8%

100.0%

100.0%

93.9%

94.9%

23.8%

46.1%

Total Multi-Tenant Retail

107

347,048

100.0%

Single-User Retail

5

9,321

Total Retail

Office

112

356,369

1

3,262

Total Operating Portfolio (c)

113

$ 359,631

$

18.68

21,160

91.0%

92.8%

(a)  Excludes $11,275 of multi-tenant retail ABR and 1,093 square feet of multi-tenant retail GLA attributable to our two active redevelopments 
and one property where we have begun activities in anticipation of future redevelopment, which are located in the Washington, D.C. and 
Baltimore MSAs. Including these amounts, 84.3% of our multi-tenant retail ABR and 80.4% of our multi-tenant retail GLA is located in 
the top 25 MSAs.

(b)  Top 25 MSAs and Non-Top 25 MSAs are determined by the United States Census Bureau and ranked based on the most recently available 

population estimates.

(c)  Excludes one single-user retail operating property classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2017.

30

Leasing Activity

The following table summarizes the leasing activity in our retail operating portfolio during the year ended December 31, 2017. 
Leases with terms of less than 12 months have been excluded from the table.

Number of
Leases Signed

GLA Signed
(in thousands)

New
Contractual
Rent per Square
Foot (PSF) (a)

Prior
Contractual
Rent PSF (a)

% Change
over Prior
ABR (a)

Weighted
Average
Lease Term

Tenant
Allowances
PSF

Comparable Renewal Leases

Comparable New Leases

Non-Comparable New and
Renewal Leases (b)

Total

352

57

101

510

1,879

$

353

483

2,715

$

19.65

25.20

20.06

20.53

$

$

18.46

19.60

N/A

18.64

6.4%

28.6%

N/A

10.1%

4.8

9.0

7.3

5.9

$

$

1.53

53.89

35.01

14.31

(a)  Total excludes the impact of Non-Comparable New and Renewal Leases.

(b)  Includes (i) leases signed on units that were vacant for over 12 months, (ii) leases signed without fixed rental payments and (iii) leases 

signed where the previous and the current lease do not have a consistent lease structure.

We anticipate our leasing efforts in 2018 will focus on (i) vacant anchor and small shop space, (ii) upcoming natural lease expirations, 
(iii) space within our redevelopment projects and (iv) properties where we have begun expansion activities. As we lease vacant 
space, we look to capitalize on the opportunity to mark rents to market, upgrade our tenancy and optimize the mix of operators 
and unique retailers at our properties.

We continue to focus on leasing the vacant space at our one remaining office property and have leased 413,000 square feet of the 
available 895,000 square feet as of December 31, 2017. The property is under contract for sale, which is expected to close during 
the first quarter of 2018, subject to satisfaction of customary closing conditions.

Capital Markets

During the year ended December 31, 2017, we:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

defeased the IW JV portfolio of mortgages payable, which had an outstanding principal balance of $379,435 and an 
interest rate of 7.50%, and incurred a defeasance premium and associated fees totaling $60,198;

redeemed  all  5,400  outstanding  shares  of  our  7.00%  Series A  cumulative  redeemable  preferred  stock  for  cash  at  a 
redemption price of $25.00 per preferred share, plus $0.3840 per preferred share representing all accrued and unpaid 
dividends;

repaid $100,000 of our unsecured term loan due 2018;

received funding in the amount of $200,000 on a seven-year unsecured term loan;

entered into two agreements to swap a total of $200,000 of London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)-based variable rate 
debt to a fixed interest rate of 1.26% through November 22, 2018;

entered into three agreements to swap a total of $250,000 of LIBOR-based variable rate debt to a fixed interest rate of 
2.00% through January 5, 2021 upon the expiration of two of our previous swap agreements;

borrowed $130,000, net of repayments, on our unsecured revolving line of credit;

repaid $102,070 of mortgages payable and made scheduled principal payments of $4,652 related to amortizing loans;

repurchased 17,683 shares of our common stock at an average price per share of $12.82 for a total of $227,102; and

increased the size of our common stock repurchase program by $250,000. As a result, $264,057 remains available for 
repurchases under our $500,000 common stock repurchase program.

31

Distributions

In total for 2017, we declared distributions totaling $1.6965 per share of preferred stock. We also declared quarterly distributions 
totaling $0.6625 per share of common stock during 2017.

Results of Operations

Comparison of Results for the Years Ended December 31, 2017 to 2016

Revenues

Rental income
Tenant recovery income
Other property income

Total revenues

Expenses

Operating expenses
Real estate taxes
Depreciation and amortization
Provision for impairment of investment properties
General and administrative expenses

Total expenses

Operating income

Gain on extinguishment of debt
Gain on extinguishment of other liabilities
Interest expense
Other income, net
(Loss) income from continuing operations
Gain on sales of investment properties
Net income
Preferred stock dividends
Net income attributable to common shareholders

Year Ended December 31,
2016
2017

Change

$

$

414,804
115,944
7,391
538,139

84,556
82,755
203,866
67,003
40,724
478,904

59,235

—
—
(146,092)
373
(86,484)
337,975
251,491
(13,867)
237,624

$

$

455,658
118,569
8,916
583,143

85,895
81,774
224,430
20,376
44,522
456,997

126,146

13,653
6,978
(109,730)
63
37,110
129,707
166,817
(9,450)
157,367

$

$

(40,854)
(2,625)
(1,525)
(45,004)

(1,339)
981
(20,564)
46,627
(3,798)
21,907

(66,911)

(13,653)
(6,978)
(36,362)
310
(123,594)
208,268
84,674
(4,417)
80,257

Net income attributable to common shareholders increased $80,257 from $157,367 for the year ended December 31, 2016 to 
$237,624 for the year ended December 31, 2017 primarily as a result of the following:

• 

• 

• 

a $208,268 increase in gain on sales of investment properties related to the sales of 47 investment properties, representing 
approximately 5,810,700 square feet of GLA, during the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the sales of 46 
investment properties and one single-user outparcel, representing approximately 3,013,900 square feet of GLA, during 
the year ended December 31, 2016;

a $20,564 decrease in depreciation and amortization primarily due to the write-off of assets taken out of service at two 
redevelopment properties during the year ended December 31, 2016, along with a decrease from the investment properties 
sold or classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2017, partially offset by an increase from the acquisition of investment 
properties during the year ended December 31, 2017; and

a $3,798 decrease in general and administrative expenses primarily consisting of a $1,822 decrease in executive and 
employee bonus expense and a $1,233 decrease in amortization of stock awards primarily due to the reversal of $830 in 
2017 of previously recognized compensation expense related to the forfeiture of 34 restricted shares and 89 performance 
restricted stock units resulting from the resignation of our former Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer. In addition, 
following the adoption of ASU 2017-01 on October 1, 2016, all costs associated with acquisitions have been capitalized, 
which resulted in a reduction of general and administrative expenses of $913;

partially offset by

32

• 

• 

a $46,627 increase in provision for impairment of investment properties. Based on the results of our evaluations for 
impairment (see Notes 14 and 15 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements), we recognized impairment 
charges of $67,003 and $20,376 for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively;

a $40,854 decrease in rental income primarily consisting of a $41,665 decrease in base rent, which resulted from the 
operating properties sold during 2016 and 2017 or classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2017, along with our 
one  remaining  office  property  and  our  redevelopment  properties,  partially  offset  by  an  increase  from  the  operating 
properties acquired during 2016 and 2017 and growth from our same store portfolio;

• 

a $36,362 increase in interest expense primarily consisting of:

• 

• 

• 

• 

a $62,867 increase in prepayment penalties and defeasance premiums and a $3,206 increase in capitalized loan fee 
write-offs primarily related to the defeasance of the IW JV portfolio of mortgages payable during the year ended 
December 31, 2017, which resulted in a defeasance premium and associated fees totaling $60,198 and the write-off 
of $4,003 of capitalized loan fees;

a $7,209 increase in interest from our 4.08% senior unsecured notes due 2026 and our 4.24% senior unsecured notes 
due 2028 (Notes Due 2026 and 2028), which were issued in September 2016 and December 2016, respectively;

a $5,977 increase in interest on our Term Loan Due 2023, which funded in January 2017; and

a  $4,916  increase  in  interest  on  our  Unsecured  Credit  Facility  primarily  due  to  higher  average  balances  on  our 
unsecured revolving line of credit and higher LIBOR interest rates;

partially offset by

• 

a $44,654 decrease in interest on mortgages payable due to a reduction in mortgage debt;

• 

• 

• 

a $13,653 gain on extinguishment of debt recognized during the year ended December 31, 2016 associated with the 
disposition of The Gateway through a lender-directed sale in full satisfaction of our mortgage obligation. No such gain 
was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2017;

a $6,978 gain on extinguishment of other liabilities recognized during the year ended December 31, 2016 related to the 
acquisition of the fee interest in Ashland & Roosevelt, one of our existing investment properties that was previously 
subject to a ground lease with a third party. The amount recognized represents the reversal of the straight-line ground rent 
liability associated with the ground lease. No such gain was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2017; and

a $4,417 increase in preferred stock dividends primarily due to the original underwriting discount and offering costs from 
2012 being recorded as a dividend to the preferred shareholders in conjunction with the redemption of our 7.00% Series 
A cumulative redeemable preferred stock on December 20, 2017.

Net operating income (NOI)

We define NOI as all revenues other than (i) straight-line rental income, (ii) amortization of lease inducements, (iii) amortization 
of acquired above and below market lease intangibles and (iv) lease termination fee income, less real estate taxes and all operating 
expenses other than straight-line ground rent expense (non-cash) and amortization of acquired ground lease intangibles (non-cash). 
NOI  consists  of  same  store  NOI  (Same  Store  NOI)  and  NOI  from  other  investment  properties  (NOI  from  Other  Investment 
Properties). We believe that NOI, Same Store NOI and NOI from Other Investment Properties, which are supplemental non-GAAP 
financial measures, provide an additional and useful operating perspective not immediately apparent from “Operating income” or 
“Net income attributable to common shareholders” in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United 
States (GAAP). We use these measures to evaluate our performance on a property-by-property basis because they allow management 
to evaluate the impact that factors such as lease structure, lease rates and tenant base have on our operating results. NOI, Same 
Store NOI and NOI from Other Investment Properties do not represent alternatives to “Net income” or “Net income attributable 
to common shareholders” in accordance with GAAP as indicators of our financial performance. Comparison of our presentation 
of NOI, Same Store NOI and NOI from Other Investment Properties to similarly titled measures for other REITs may not necessarily 
be meaningful due to possible differences in definition and application by such REITs. For reference and as an aid in understanding 
our computation of NOI, a reconciliation of net income attributable to common shareholders as computed in accordance with 
GAAP to Same Store NOI has been presented for each comparable period presented.

33

Same store portfolio – 2017 and 2016

For the year ended December 31, 2017, our same store portfolio consisted of 102 retail operating properties acquired or placed in 
service  and  stabilized  prior  to  January 1,  2016. The  number  of  properties  in  our  same  store  portfolio  decreased  to  102  as  of 
December 31, 2017 from 140 as of December 31, 2016 as a result of the following:

• 

• 

the removal of 45 same store investment properties sold during the year ended December 31, 2017; and

the removal of one same store investment property classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2017;

partially offset by

• 

the addition of eight same store investment properties acquired prior to January 1, 2016.

The sales of CVS Pharmacy – Sylacauga on March 7, 2017, the Home Depot parcel at Century III Plaza on March 15, 2017 and 
Century III Plaza on December 15, 2017 did not impact the number of same store properties as they were classified as held for 
sale as of December 31, 2016.

The properties and financial results reported in “Other investment properties” primarily include the following:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

properties acquired after December 31, 2015;

our one remaining office property;

three properties where we have begun redevelopment and/or activities in anticipation of future redevelopment;

properties that were sold or held for sale in 2016 and 2017;

the net income from our wholly-owned captive insurance company; and

the historical ground rent expense related to an existing same store investment property that was subject to a ground lease 
with a third party prior to our acquisition of the fee interest on April 29, 2016.

The following tables present a reconciliation of net income attributable to common shareholders to Same Store NOI and details 
of the components of Same Store NOI for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:

Net income attributable to common shareholders
Adjustments to reconcile to Same Store NOI:

Preferred stock dividends
Gain on sales of investment properties
Depreciation and amortization
Provision for impairment of investment properties
General and administrative expenses
Gain on extinguishment of debt
Gain on extinguishment of other liabilities
Interest expense
Straight-line rental income, net
Amortization of acquired above and below market lease intangibles, net
Amortization of lease inducements
Lease termination fees
Straight-line ground rent expense
Amortization of acquired ground lease intangibles
Other income, net
NOI
NOI from Other Investment Properties

Same Store NOI

$

34

Year Ended December 31,
2016
2017

Change

$

237,624

$

157,367

$

80,257

13,867
(337,975)
203,866
67,003
40,724
—
—
146,092
(4,646)
(3,313)
1,065
(2,021)
2,710
(560)
(373)
364,063
(77,145)
286,918

$

9,450
(129,707)
224,430
20,376
44,522
(13,653)
(6,978)
109,730
(4,601)
(2,991)
1,033
(3,339)
3,253
(560)
(63)
408,269
(127,002)
281,267

$

4,417
(208,268)
(20,564)
46,627
(3,798)
13,653
6,978
36,362
(45)
(322)
32
1,318
(543)
—
(310)
(44,206)
49,857
5,651

 
 
Same Store NOI:

Base rent
Percentage and specialty rent
Tenant recovery income
Other property operating income

Property operating expenses
Bad debt expense
Real estate taxes

Year Ended December 31,
2016
2017

Change

$

$

313,253
3,307
91,669
2,883
411,112

57,933
1,012
65,249
124,194

$

308,383
3,509
88,536
2,770
403,198

59,067
1,161
61,703
121,931

4,870
(202)
3,133
113
7,914

(1,134)
(149)
3,546
2,263

Same Store NOI

$

286,918

$

281,267

$

5,651

Same Store NOI increased $5,651, or 2.0%, primarily due to the following:

• 

• 

base rent increased $4,870 primarily due to an increase of $2,429 from contractual rent changes, $2,074 from re-leasing 
spreads and $600 from lower rent abatements; and

property operating expenses and real estate taxes, net of tenant recovery income, decreased $721 primarily due to decreases 
in certain non-recoverable property operating expenses and a positive impact from the common area maintenance and 
real estate tax reconciliation process, partially offset by lower net real estate tax refunds in 2017.

Comparison of Results for the Years Ended December 31, 2016 to 2015

Revenues

Rental income
Tenant recovery income
Other property income

Total revenues

Expenses

Operating expenses
Real estate taxes
Depreciation and amortization
Provision for impairment of investment properties
General and administrative expenses

Total expenses

Operating income

Gain on extinguishment of debt
Gain on extinguishment of other liabilities
Interest expense
Other income, net
Income from continuing operations
Gain on sales of investment properties
Net income
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Net income attributable to the Company
Preferred stock dividends
Net income attributable to common shareholders

Year Ended December 31,
2015
2016

Change

$

$

455,658
118,569
8,916
583,143

85,895
81,774
224,430
20,376
44,522
456,997

126,146

13,653
6,978
(109,730)
63
37,110
129,707
166,817
—
166,817
(9,450)
157,367

$

$

472,344
119,536
12,080
603,960

94,780
82,810
214,706
19,937
50,657
462,890

141,070

—
—
(138,938)
1,700
3,832
121,792
125,624
(528)
125,096
(9,450)
115,646

$

$

(16,686)
(967)
(3,164)
(20,817)

(8,885)
(1,036)
9,724
439
(6,135)
(5,893)

(14,924)

13,653
6,978
29,208
(1,637)
33,278
7,915
41,193
528
41,721
—
41,721

35

Net income attributable to common shareholders increased $41,721 from $115,646 for the year ended December 31, 2015 to 
$157,367 for the year ended December 31, 2016 primarily as a result of the following:

• 

a $29,208 decrease in interest expense primarily consisting of:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

a $21,387 decrease in interest on mortgages payable due to a reduction in mortgage debt; and

a $12,582 decrease in prepayment penalties and defeasance premiums;

partially offset by

a  $2,184  increase  in  interest  on  our  Unsecured  Credit  Facility  primarily  due  to  higher  average  balances  on  our 
unsecured revolving line of credit and higher LIBOR interest rates;

a $1,944 increase in interest due to a full year of interest expense from our 4.00% senior unsecured notes due 2025 
(Notes Due 2025), which were issued in March 2015; and

a $1,020 increase in interest from our 4.08% senior unsecured notes due 2026 (Notes Due 2026), which were issued 
in September 2016;

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

a $13,653 gain on extinguishment of debt recognized during the year ended December 31, 2016 associated with the 
disposition of The Gateway through a lender-directed sale in full satisfaction of our mortgage obligation. No such gain 
was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2015;

an $8,954 decrease in operating expenses and real estate taxes, net of tenant recovery income, primarily as a result of the 
operating properties sold during 2015 and 2016 or classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2016 and the impact 
from our same store portfolio, partially offset by an increase from our one remaining office property;

a $7,915 increase in gain on sales of investment properties related to the sales of 46 investment properties and one single-
user outparcel, representing approximately 3,013,900 square feet of GLA, during the year ended December 31, 2016 
compared to the sales of 26 investment properties, representing approximately 3,917,200 square feet of GLA, during the 
year ended December 31, 2015;

a $6,978 gain on extinguishment of other liabilities recognized during the year ended December 31, 2016 related to the 
acquisition of the fee interest in Ashland & Roosevelt, one of our existing investment properties that was previously 
subject to a ground lease with a third party. The amount recognized represents the reversal of the straight-line ground rent 
liability associated with the ground lease. No such gain was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2015; and

a $6,135 decrease in general and administrative expenses primarily consisting of executive and realignment separation 
charges of $4,730 incurred during the year ended December 31, 2015, which were not present in 2016, and a $1,521 
decrease in executive and employee bonus expense;

partially offset by

a $16,686 decrease in rental income primarily consisting of a $16,324 decrease in base rent resulting from the operating 
properties sold during 2015 and 2016 or classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2016, along with our redevelopment 
properties and our one remaining office property, partially offset by an increase from the operating properties acquired 
during 2015 and 2016 and growth from our same store portfolio;

a $9,724 increase in depreciation and amortization primarily attributable to the write-off of assets taken out of service at 
two redevelopment properties during the year ended December 31, 2016; and

a $3,164 decrease in other property income primarily as a result of the operating properties sold during 2015 and 2016 
or classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2016, along with our same store portfolio and our redevelopment properties, 
partially offset by an increase from the operating properties acquired during 2015 and 2016.

Same store portfolio – 2016 and 2015

For the year ended December 31, 2016, our same store portfolio consisted of 140 retail operating properties acquired or placed in 
service and stabilized prior to January 1, 2015.

36

The following tables present a reconciliation of net income attributable to common shareholders to Same Store NOI and details 
of the components of Same Store NOI for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015:

Net income attributable to common shareholders
Adjustments to reconcile to Same Store NOI:

Preferred stock dividends
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Gain on sales of investment properties
Depreciation and amortization
Provision for impairment of investment properties
General and administrative expenses
Gain on extinguishment of debt
Gain on extinguishment of other liabilities
Interest expense
Straight-line rental income, net
Amortization of acquired above and below market lease intangibles, net
Amortization of lease inducements
Lease termination fees
Straight-line ground rent expense
Amortization of acquired ground lease intangibles
Other income, net
NOI
NOI from Other Investment Properties

Same Store NOI

Same Store NOI:

Base rent
Percentage and specialty rent
Tenant recovery income
Other property operating income

Property operating expenses
Bad debt expense
Real estate taxes

Year Ended December 31,
2015
2016

Change

$

157,367

$

115,646

$

41,721

9,450
—
(129,707)
224,430
20,376
44,522
(13,653)
(6,978)
109,730
(4,601)
(2,991)
1,033
(3,339)
3,253
(560)
(63)
408,269
(81,483)
326,786

$

9,450
528
(121,792)
214,706
19,937
50,657
—
—
138,938
(3,498)
(3,621)
847
(3,757)
3,722
(560)
(1,700)
419,503
(103,832)
315,671

Year Ended December 31,
2015
2016

$

355,077
3,626
96,208
3,405
458,316

64,355
31
67,144
131,530

347,806
3,095
94,354
3,527
448,782

65,722
1,179
66,210
133,111

—
(528)
(7,915)
9,724
439
(6,135)
(13,653)
(6,978)
(29,208)
(1,103)
630
186
418
(469)
—
1,637
(11,234)
22,349
11,115

Change

7,271
531
1,854
(122)
9,534

(1,367)
(1,148)
934
(1,581)

$

$

$

$

Same Store NOI

$

326,786

$

315,671

$

11,115

Same store NOI increased $11,115, or 3.5%, primarily due to the following:

• 

• 

base rent increased $7,271 primarily due to an increase of $2,983 from contractual rent changes, $2,574 from occupancy 
growth and $2,353 from re-leasing spreads, partially offset by a decrease of $718 from higher rent abatements;

property operating expenses and real estate taxes, net of tenant recovery income, decreased $2,287 primarily as a result 
of  decreases  in  certain  non-recoverable  property  operating  expenses  combined  with  lower  net  recoverable  property 
operating expenses and net real estate taxes resulting from lower than anticipated expenses and the receipt of real estate 
tax refunds; and

• 

bad debt expense decreased $1,148.

37

 
 
Funds From Operations Attributable to Common Shareholders

The National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, or NAREIT, an industry trade group, has promulgated a financial 
measure known as funds from operations (FFO). As defined by NAREIT, FFO means net income (loss) computed in accordance 
with GAAP, excluding gains (or losses) from sales of depreciable real estate, plus depreciation and amortization and impairment 
charges on depreciable real estate. We have adopted the NAREIT definition in our computation of FFO attributable to common 
shareholders. Management believes that, subject to the following limitations, FFO attributable to common shareholders provides 
a basis for comparing our performance and operations to those of other REITs.

We define Operating FFO attributable to common shareholders as FFO attributable to common shareholders excluding the impact 
of discrete non-operating transactions and other events which we do not consider representative of the comparable operating results 
of our real estate operating portfolio, which is our core business platform. Specific examples of discrete non-operating transactions 
and other events include, but are not limited to, the impact on earnings from gains or losses associated with the early extinguishment 
of debt or other liabilities, impairment charges to write down the carrying value of assets other than depreciable real estate, litigation 
involving the Company, including actual or anticipated settlement and associated legal costs, the impact on earnings from executive 
separation and the excess of redemption value over carrying value of preferred stock redemption, which are not otherwise adjusted 
in our calculation of FFO attributable to common shareholders.

We believe that FFO attributable to common shareholders and Operating FFO attributable to common shareholders, which are 
supplemental non-GAAP financial measures, provide additional and useful means to assess the operating performance of REITs. 
FFO attributable to common shareholders and Operating FFO attributable to common shareholders do not represent alternatives 
to (i) “Net income” or “Net income attributable to common shareholders” as indicators of our financial performance, or (ii) “Cash 
flows from operating activities” in accordance with GAAP as measures of our capacity to fund cash needs, including the payment 
of dividends. Comparison of our presentation of Operating FFO attributable to common shareholders to similarly titled measures 
for other REITs may not necessarily be meaningful due to possible differences in definition and application by such REITs.

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income attributable to common shareholders to FFO attributable to common 
shareholders and Operating FFO attributable to common shareholders:

Net income attributable to common shareholders
Depreciation and amortization of depreciable real estate
Provision for impairment of investment properties
Gain on sales of depreciable investment properties, net of noncontrolling interest

FFO attributable to common shareholders

FFO attributable to common shareholders per common share outstanding – diluted

FFO attributable to common shareholders
Impact on earnings from the early extinguishment of debt, net
Provision for hedge ineffectiveness
Provision for impairment of non-depreciable investment property
Gain on extinguishment of other liabilities
Impact on earnings from executive separation, net (a)
Excess of redemption value over carrying value of preferred stock redemption (b)
Other (c)

Operating FFO attributable to common shareholders

Operating FFO attributable to common shareholders

per common share outstanding – diluted

Year Ended December 31,
2016

2015

2017

237,624
202,110
67,003
(337,975)
168,762

0.73

168,762
72,654
9
—
—
(1,086)
4,706
441
245,486

1.06

$

$

$

$

$

$

157,367
223,018
17,369
(129,707)
268,047

1.13

268,047
(7,028)
(21)
3,007
(6,978)
—
—
132
257,159

1.09

$

$

$

$

$

$

115,646
213,602
19,937
(121,264)
227,921

0.96

227,921
18,864
(25)
—
—
4,730
—
(224)
251,266

1.06

$

$

$

$

$

$

(a)  Reflected as a reduction to “General and administrative expenses” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and other 

comprehensive income.

(b)  Included in “Preferred stock dividends” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income.

(c)  Primarily consists of the impact on earnings from litigation involving the Company, including actual or anticipated settlement and associated 
legal  costs  as  well  as  easement  proceeds,  which  are  included  in  “Other  income,  net”  in  the  accompanying  consolidated  statements  of 
operations and other comprehensive income.

38

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We anticipate that cash flows from the below-listed sources will provide adequate capital for the next 12 months and beyond for 
all scheduled principal and interest payments on our outstanding indebtedness, including maturing debt, current and anticipated 
tenant allowances or other capital obligations, the shareholder distributions required to maintain our REIT status and compliance 
with the financial covenants of our unsecured debt agreements.

Our primary expected sources and uses of liquidity are as follows:

SOURCES

USES

Operating cash flow
Cash and cash equivalents
Available borrowings under our unsecured revolving
line of credit
Proceeds from capital markets transactions
Proceeds from asset dispositions

Tenant allowances and leasing costs
Improvements made to individual properties, certain of which are not
recoverable through common area maintenance charges to tenants
Acquisitions
Debt repayments
Distribution payments
Redevelopment, renovation or expansion activities
New development
Repurchases of our common stock

We have made substantial progress over the last several years in strengthening our balance sheet, as demonstrated by our reduced 
leverage,  increased  liquidity  and  higher  unencumbered  asset  ratio.  We  have  funded  debt  maturities  primarily  through  asset 
dispositions and capital markets transactions, including the public offering of our common stock and private and public offerings 
of senior unsecured notes. As of December 31, 2017, we had $104,166 of debt scheduled to mature through the end of 2018, 
comprised of $100,000 of our unsecured term loan due 2018 and $4,166 of principal amortization due through the end of 2018, 
which we plan on satisfying through a combination of proceeds from asset dispositions, capital markets transactions and our 
unsecured revolving line of credit.

The table below summarizes our consolidated indebtedness as of December 31, 2017:

Debt

Aggregate
Principal
Amount

Weighted
Average
Interest Rate

Fixed rate mortgages payable (a)

$

287,238

4.99%

Unsecured notes payable:

Senior notes – 4.12% due 2021
Senior notes – 4.58% due 2024
Senior notes – 4.00% due 2025
Senior notes – 4.08% due 2026
Senior notes – 4.24% due 2028
Total unsecured notes payable (a)

Unsecured credit facility:

Term loan due 2021 – fixed rate (b)
Term loan due 2018 – variable rate
Revolving line of credit – variable rate

Total unsecured credit facility (a)

Term Loan Due 2023 – fixed rate (a) (d)

100,000
150,000
250,000
100,000
100,000
700,000

250,000
100,000
216,000
566,000

200,000

Maturity Date
Various

June 30, 2021
June 30, 2024
March 15, 2025
September 30, 2026
December 28, 2028

January 5, 2021
May 11, 2018 (c)
January 5, 2020 (c)

4.12%
4.58%
4.00%
4.08%
4.24%
4.19%

3.30%
2.93%
2.92%
3.09%

2.96%

November 22, 2023

Weighted
Average Years
to Maturity

5.2 years

3.5 years
6.5 years
7.2 years
8.8 years
11.0 years
7.3 years

3.0 years
0.4 years
2.0 years
2.2 years

5.9 years

5.1 years

Total consolidated indebtedness

$

1,753,238

3.83%

(a)  Fixed  rate  mortgages  payable  excludes  mortgage  premium  of  $1,024,  discount  of  $(579)  and  capitalized  loan  fees  of  $(615),  net  of 
accumulated amortization, as of December 31, 2017. Unsecured notes payable excludes discount of $(853) and capitalized loan fees of 
$(3,399), net of accumulated amortization, as of December 31, 2017. Term loans exclude capitalized loan fees of $(2,730), net of accumulated 
amortization, as of December 31, 2017. Capitalized loan fees related to the revolving line of credit are included in “Other assets, net” in 
the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

39

(b)  Reflects $250,000 of LIBOR-based variable rate debt that has been swapped to a fixed rate of 2.00% plus a credit spread based on a leverage 

grid ranging from 1.30% to 2.20% through January 5, 2021. The applicable credit spread was 1.30% as of December 31, 2017.

(c)  We have two one-year extension options on the term loan due 2018 and two six-month extension options on the revolving line of credit, 
which we may exercise as long as we are in compliance with the terms of the unsecured credit agreement and we pay an extension fee equal 
to 0.15% for the term loan and 0.075% of the commitment amount being extended for the revolving line of credit.

(d)  Reflects $200,000 of LIBOR-based variable rate debt that has been swapped to a fixed rate of 1.26% plus a credit spread based on a leverage 
grid ranging from 1.70% to 2.55% through November 22, 2018. The applicable credit spread was 1.70% as of December 31, 2017.

Mortgages Payable

During the year ended December 31, 2017, we repaid or defeased mortgages payable in the total amount of $481,505, which had 
a weighted average fixed interest rate of 7.10%, and made scheduled principal payments of $4,652 related to amortizing loans. 
Included within the total repayments and defeasances for the year ended December 31, 2017 is the defeasance of a portfolio of 
mortgages payable with a principal balance of $379,435 as of December 31, 2016 and an interest rate of 7.50% that was cross-
collateralized by 45 properties and scheduled to mature in 2019 (known as the IW JV portfolio of mortgages payable). We incurred 
a defeasance premium and associated fees totaling $60,198 in connection with this transaction, which are included within “Interest 
expense” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income. As a result, the 45 properties 
that secured the mortgages payable as of December 31, 2016 are no longer encumbered by mortgages.

Unsecured Notes Payable

Notes Due 2026 and 2028

On September 30, 2016, we issued $100,000 of 4.08% senior unsecured notes due 2026 in a private placement transaction pursuant 
to a note purchase agreement we entered into with certain institutional investors on September 30, 2016. Pursuant to the same note 
purchase agreement, on December 28, 2016, we also issued $100,000 of 4.24% senior unsecured notes due 2028 (Notes Due 2026 
and 2028). The proceeds were used to pay down our unsecured revolving line of credit, early repay certain longer-dated mortgages 
payable and for general corporate purposes.

The  note  purchase  agreement  governing  the  Notes  Due  2026  and  2028  contains  customary  representations,  warranties  and 
covenants, and events of default. Pursuant to the terms of the note purchase agreement, we are subject to various financial covenants, 
including the requirement to maintain the following: (i) maximum unencumbered, secured and consolidated leverage ratios; (ii) 
a minimum interest coverage ratio; (iii) an unencumbered interest coverage ratio (as set forth in our unsecured credit facility and 
the note purchase agreement governing the Notes Due 2021 and 2024); and (iv) a fixed charge coverage ratio (as set forth in our 
unsecured credit facility).

Notes Due 2025

On March 12, 2015, we completed a public offering of $250,000 in aggregate principal amount of the Notes Due 2025. The Notes 
Due 2025 were priced at 99.526% of the principal amount to yield 4.058% to maturity. The proceeds were used to repay a portion 
of our unsecured revolving line of credit.

The indenture, as supplemented, governing the Notes Due 2025 (the Indenture) contains customary covenants and events of default. 
Pursuant to the terms of the Indenture, we are subject to various financial covenants, including the requirement to maintain the 
following: (i) maximum secured and total leverage ratios; (ii) a debt service coverage ratio; and (iii) maintenance of an unencumbered 
assets to unsecured debt ratio.

Notes Due 2021 and 2024

On June 30, 2014, we completed a private placement of $250,000 of unsecured notes, consisting of $100,000 of 4.12% senior 
unsecured notes due 2021 and $150,000 of 4.58% senior unsecured notes due 2024 (Notes Due 2021 and 2024). The proceeds 
were used to repay a portion of our unsecured revolving line of credit.

The  note  purchase  agreement  governing  the  Notes  Due  2021  and  2024  contains  customary  representations,  warranties  and 
covenants, and events of default. Pursuant to the terms of the note purchase agreement, we are subject to various financial covenants, 
some of which are based upon the financial covenants in effect in our unsecured credit facility, including the requirement to maintain 
the  following:  (i)  maximum  unencumbered,  secured  and  consolidated  leverage  ratios;  (ii)  minimum  interest  coverage  and 
unencumbered interest coverage ratios; and (iii) a minimum consolidated net worth.

40

As of December 31, 2017, management believes we were in compliance with the financial covenants under the Indenture and the 
note purchase agreements.

Unsecured Term Loans and Revolving Line of Credit

Unsecured Credit Facility

On January 6, 2016, we entered into our fourth amended and restated unsecured credit agreement (Unsecured Credit Agreement) 
with a syndicate of financial institutions led by KeyBank National Association serving as administrative agent and Wells Fargo 
Bank,  National Association  serving  as  syndication  agent  to  provide  for  an  unsecured  credit  facility  aggregating  $1,200,000 
(Unsecured Credit Facility). The Unsecured Credit Facility consists of a $750,000 unsecured revolving line of credit, a $250,000 
unsecured term loan and a second unsecured term loan that had an outstanding balance of $200,000 at inception, of which we 
repaid $100,000 during the year ended December 31, 2017, and is priced on a leverage grid at a rate of LIBOR plus a credit spread. 
We received investment grade credit ratings from Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s in 2014. In accordance with the Unsecured 
Credit Agreement, we may elect to convert to an investment grade pricing grid. As of December 31, 2017, making such an election 
would have resulted in a higher interest rate and, as such, we have not made the election to convert to an investment grade pricing 
grid.

The following table summarizes the key terms of the Unsecured Credit Facility:

Unsecured Credit Facility

$250,000 unsecured term loan

$100,000 unsecured term loan

Maturity
Date

1/5/2021

Extension
Option

Extension
Fee

Credit
Spread

Unused Fee

Credit
Spread

Facility Fee

Leverage-Based Pricing

Ratings-Based Pricing

N/A

N/A

1.30% - 2.20%

5/11/2018

2 one year

0.15%

1.45% - 2.20%

N/A

N/A

0.90% - 1.75%

1.05% - 2.05%

N/A

N/A

$750,000 unsecured revolving line of credit

1/5/2020

2 six month

0.075%

1.35% - 2.25% 0.15% - 0.25% 0.85% - 1.55% 0.125% - 0.30%

The Unsecured Credit Facility has a $400,000 accordion option that allows us, at our election, to increase the total credit facility 
subject to (i) customary fees and conditions including, but not limited to, the absence of an event of default as defined in the 
Unsecured Credit Agreement and (ii) our ability to obtain additional lender commitments.

The Unsecured Credit Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants, and events of default. Pursuant 
to  the  terms  of  the  Unsecured  Credit Agreement,  we  are  subject  to  various  financial  covenants,  including  the  requirement  to 
maintain the following: (i) maximum unencumbered, secured and consolidated leverage ratios; and (ii) minimum fixed charge and 
unencumbered interest coverage ratios. As of December 31, 2017, management believes we were in compliance with the financial 
covenants and default provisions under the Unsecured Credit Agreement.

As of December 31, 2017, we had letters of credit outstanding totaling $9,645 that serve as collateral for certain capital improvements 
and performance obligations on certain redevelopment projects, which will be satisfied upon completion of the projects, and 
reduced the available borrowings on our unsecured revolving line of credit.

Term Loan Due 2023

On January 3, 2017, we received funding on a seven-year $200,000 unsecured term loan with a group of financial institutions, 
which closed during the year ended December 31, 2016. The Term Loan Due 2023 is priced on a leverage grid at a rate of LIBOR 
plus a credit spread. In accordance with the term loan agreement (Term Loan Agreement), we may elect to convert to an investment 
grade pricing grid. As of December 31, 2017, making such an election would have resulted in a higher interest rate and, as such, 
we have not made the election to convert to an investment grade pricing grid.

The following table summarizes the key terms of the Term Loan Due 2023:

Term Loan Due 2023
$200,000 unsecured term loan

Maturity Date
11/22/2023

Leverage-Based Pricing
Credit Spread
1.70% – 2.55%

Ratings-Based Pricing
Credit Spread
1.50% – 2.45%

The Term Loan Due 2023 has a $100,000 accordion option that allows us, at our election, to increase the total unsecured term loan 
up to $300,000, subject to customary fees and conditions, including the absence of an event of default as defined in the Term Loan 
Agreement.

41

The Term Loan Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants, and events of default, including financial 
covenants that require us to maintain the following: (i) maximum unencumbered, secured and consolidated leverage ratios; and 
(ii) minimum fixed charge and unencumbered interest coverage ratios. As of December 31, 2017, management believes we were 
in compliance with the financial covenants and default provisions under the Term Loan Agreement.

Debt Maturities

The following table shows the scheduled maturities and principal amortization of our indebtedness as of December 31, 2017 for 
each of the next five years and thereafter and the weighted average interest rates by year, as well as the fair value of our indebtedness 
as of December 31, 2017. The table does not reflect the impact of any 2018 debt activity.

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Thereafter

Total

Fair Value

Debt:

Fixed rate debt:

Mortgages payable (a)

Fixed rate term loans (b)

Unsecured notes payable (c)

Total fixed rate debt

4,166

25,257

3,923

$

4,166

$ 25,257

$

3,923

$ 22,820

$ 157,216

$ 73,856

$ 287,238

$

298,635

—

—

—

—

—

—

250,000

100,000

372,820

—

—

157,216

200,000

600,000

873,856

450,000

700,000

452,451

693,823

1,437,238

1,444,909

Variable rate debt:

Variable rate term loan and
revolving line of credit

100,000

—

216,000

—

—

—

316,000

316,326

Total debt (d)

$ 104,166

$ 25,257

$ 219,923

$ 372,820

$ 157,216

$ 873,856

$1,753,238

$ 1,761,235

Weighted average interest rate on debt:

Fixed rate debt

Variable rate debt (e)

Total

5.07%

2.93%

3.01%

7.29%

—

7.29%

4.62%

2.92%

2.95%

3.62%

—

3.62%

4.97%

—

4.97%

3.92%

—

3.92%

4.02%

2.92%

3.83%

(a)  Excludes mortgage premium of $1,024 and discount of $(579), net of accumulated amortization, as of December 31, 2017.

(b)  $250,000 of LIBOR-based variable rate debt has been swapped to a fixed rate through three interest rate swaps. The swaps effectively 
convert one-month floating rate LIBOR to a fixed rate of 2.00% through January 5, 2021. In addition, $200,000 of LIBOR-based variable 
rate debt has been swapped to a fixed rate through two interest rate swaps. The swaps effectively convert one-month floating rate LIBOR 
to a fixed rate of 1.26% through November 22, 2018.

(c)  Excludes discount of $(853), net of accumulated amortization, as of December 31, 2017.

(d)  The weighted average years to maturity of consolidated indebtedness was 5.1 years as of December 31, 2017. Total debt excludes capitalized 
loan fees of $(6,744), net of accumulated amortization, as of December 31, 2017, which are included as a reduction to the respective debt 
balances.

(e)  Represents interest rates as of December 31, 2017.

We plan on addressing our debt maturities through a combination of proceeds from asset dispositions, capital markets transactions 
and our unsecured revolving line of credit.

Distributions and Equity Transactions

Our distributions of current and accumulated earnings and profits for U.S. federal income tax purposes are taxable to shareholders, 
generally, as ordinary income. Distributions in excess of these earnings and profits generally are treated as a non-taxable reduction 
of the shareholders’ basis in the shares to the extent thereof (non-dividend distributions) and thereafter as taxable gain. We intend 
to continue to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Code generally requires that a REIT annually distributes 
to its shareholders at least 90% of its REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding 
net capital gains. The Code imposes tax on any undistributed REIT taxable income.

To satisfy the requirements for qualification as a REIT and generally not be subject to U.S. federal income and excise tax, we 
intend  to  make  regular  quarterly  distributions  of  all,  or  substantially  all,  of  our  taxable  income  to  shareholders.  Our  future 
distributions will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors. When determining the amount of future distributions, we expect 
to consider, among other factors, (i) the amount of cash generated from our operating activities, (ii) our expectations of future cash 
flow, (iii) our determination of near-term cash needs for debt repayments and potential future share repurchases, (iv) the market 
of available acquisitions of new properties and redevelopment, expansions and pad development opportunities, (v) the timing of 

42

significant re-leasing activities and the establishment of additional cash reserves for anticipated tenant allowances and general 
property capital improvements, (vi) our ability to continue to access additional sources of capital, and (vii) the amount required 
to be distributed to maintain our status as a REIT, which is a requirement of our Unsecured Credit Agreement, and to avoid or 
minimize any income and excise taxes that we otherwise would be required to pay. Under certain circumstances, we may be 
required to make distributions in excess of cash available for distribution in order to meet the REIT distribution requirements.

In December 2012, we issued 5,400 shares of our 7.00% Series A cumulative redeemable preferred stock at a price of $25.00 per 
share. On December 20, 2017, we redeemed all 5,400 outstanding shares of our Series A preferred stock for cash at a redemption 
price of $25.00 per share, plus $0.3840 per share representing all accrued and unpaid dividends up to, but excluding, the redemption 
date. The $4,706 difference between the carrying value of $130,294 and the redemption amount of $135,000 represents the original 
underwriting discount and offering costs from 2012 and was recorded as preferred stock dividends.

In December 2015, we entered into an at-the-market (ATM) equity program under which we may issue and sell shares of our Class 
A common stock, having an aggregate offering price of up to $250,000, from time to time. Actual sales may depend on a variety 
of factors, including, among others, market conditions and the trading price of our Class A common stock. Any net proceeds are 
expected to be used for general corporate purposes, which may include the funding of acquisitions and redevelopment activities 
and the repayment of debt, including our unsecured revolving line of credit. We did not sell any shares under our ATM equity 
program during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015. As of December 31, 2017, we had Class A common shares 
having an aggregate offering price of up to $250,000 remaining available for sale under our ATM equity program.

In December 2015, our board of directors authorized a common stock repurchase program under which we may repurchase, from 
time to time, up to a maximum of $250,000 of shares of our Class A common stock. On December 14, 2017, our board of directors 
authorized a $250,000 increase to our common stock repurchase program. The shares may be repurchased in the open market or 
in privately negotiated transactions and are canceled upon repurchase. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will 
depend on a variety of factors, including price in absolute terms and in relation to the value of our assets, corporate and regulatory 
requirements, market conditions and other corporate liquidity requirements and priorities. The common stock repurchase program 
may be suspended or terminated at any time without prior notice. We did not repurchase any shares during the year ended December 
31, 2015. During the year ended December 31, 2016, we repurchased 591 shares at an average price per share of $14.93 for a total 
of $8,841. During the year ended December 31, 2017, we repurchased 17,683 shares at an average price per share of $12.82 for 
a total of $227,102. As of December 31, 2017, $264,057 remained available for repurchases under our common stock repurchase 
program.

Capital Expenditures and Redevelopment Activity

We anticipate that obligations related to capital improvements, including expansions and pad developments, at our retail operating 
properties and our one remaining office property in 2018 can be met with cash flows from operations, asset dispositions and 
working capital.

We began redevelopment activities at Reisterstown Road Plaza and Towson Circle in 2016. We have invested a total of approximately 
$20,600 in these projects, which are at various stages of completion, and based on our current plans and estimates, we anticipate 
that to complete these projects, it will require an additional $21,900 to $24,900, net of proceeds from land sales, sales of air rights, 
reimbursement from third parties and contributions from a project partner, as applicable. In addition, we plan to begin the first 
phase of the redevelopment at Boulevard at the Capital Centre in 2018. We anticipate funding the redevelopments with cash flows 
from operations, asset dispositions, working capital, capital markets transactions and our unsecured revolving line of credit.

Dispositions

The following table highlights our property dispositions during 2017, 2016 and 2015 pursuant to our portfolio transformation 
strategy of disposing of select non-target and single-user properties.

2017 Dispositions
2016 Dispositions
2015 Dispositions

Number of
Properties Sold (a)
47
46
26

Square
Footage

5,810,700
3,013,900
3,917,200

Consideration
917,808
$
540,362
$
516,444
$

Aggregate
Proceeds, Net (b)
896,301
$
448,216
$
505,524
$

Debt
Extinguished
$
$
$

27,353 (c)
94,353 (c) (d)
25,724 (c)

(a)  2017 dispositions include the dispositions of CVS Pharmacy – Sylacauga and Century III Plaza, including the Home Depot parcel, both of 
which were classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2016. 2016 dispositions include the disposition of one development property, 

43

which was not under active development. 2015 dispositions include the dispositions of two development properties, one of which had been 
held in a consolidated joint venture.

(b)  Represents total consideration net of transaction costs. 2017 dispositions include proceeds of $54,087, which are temporarily restricted 

related to potential 1031 Exchanges.

(c)  Excludes $214,505, $10,695 and $95,881 of mortgages payable repayments or defeasances completed prior to disposition of the respective 

property for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

(d)  Represents The Gateway’s outstanding mortgage payable prior to the lender-directed sale of the property. Immediately prior to the disposition, 
the lender reduced our loan obligation to $75,000 which was assumed by the buyer in connection with the disposition. Along with the loan 
reduction, the lender received the balance of the restricted escrows that they held and the rights to unpaid accounts receivable and forgave 
accrued interest, resulting in a net gain on extinguishment of debt of $13,653.

In addition to the transactions presented in the preceding table, we received net proceeds of $155, $2,549 and $300 from other 
transactions, including escrow funds related to a property disposition, condemnation awards and the sale of parcels at certain of 
our properties, during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Acquisitions

During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, we executed on our investment strategy of acquiring high quality, 
multi-tenant retail assets in certain markets. The following table highlights our acquisitions during these periods:

2017 Acquisitions (a)
2016 Acquisitions (b)
2015 Acquisitions (c)

Number of
Assets Acquired
10
9
11

Square
Footage

443,800
1,102,300
1,179,800

Acquisition
Price

Mortgage
Debt

$
$
$

202,915
408,308
463,136

$
$
$

—
15,971
—

(a)  2017 acquisitions include the purchase of the following: 1) the fee interest in our Boulevard at the Capital Centre multi-tenant retail operating 
property that was previously subject to a ground lease with a third party, 2) the remaining five phases under contract, including the development 
rights for additional residential units, at our One Loudoun Downtown multi-tenant retail operating property that was acquired in phases as 
the seller completed construction on stand-alone buildings at the property and 3) a multi-tenant retail outparcel located at our Southlake 
Town Square multi-tenant retail operating property. The total number of properties in our portfolio was not affected by these transactions.

(b)  2016 acquisitions include the purchase of the following: 1) the fee interest in our Ashland & Roosevelt multi-tenant retail operating property 
that was previously subject to a ground lease with a third party and 2) the anchor space improvements at our Woodinville Plaza multi-tenant 
retail operating property that was previously subject to a ground lease with us. The total number of properties in our portfolio was not 
affected by these transactions.

(c)  2015 acquisitions include the purchase of the following: 1) a land parcel located at our Lake Worth Towne Crossing multi-tenant retail 
operating property, 2) a single-user outparcel located at our Southlake Town Square multi-tenant retail operating property that was subject 
to a ground lease with us prior to the transaction and 3) a single-user outparcel located at our Royal Oaks Village II multi-tenant retail 
operating property. The total number of properties in our portfolio was not affected by these transactions.

Summary of Cash Flows

Net cash provided by operating activities
Net cash provided by investing activities
Net cash used in financing activities
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, at beginning of year
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, at end of year

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Year Ended December 31,
2016

2017

Change

$

$

247,516
608,302
(851,832)
3,986
82,349
86,335

$

$

266,130
12,444
(283,453)
(4,879)
87,228
82,349

$

(18,614)
595,858
(568,379)
8,865

Cash flows from operating activities consist primarily of net income from property operations, adjusted for the following, among 
others: (i) depreciation and amortization, (ii) provision for impairment of investment properties, (iii) gains on sales of investment 
properties, and (iv) gains on extinguishment of debt and other liabilities. Net cash provided by operating activities in 2017 decreased 
$18,614 primarily due to the following:

44

• 

a $44,206 decrease in NOI, consisting of a decrease in NOI from properties that were sold or held for sale in 2016 and 
2017 and other properties not included in our same store portfolio of $49,857, partially offset by an increase in Same 
Store NOI of $5,651; and

• 

a $6,341 increase in cash paid for leasing fees and inducements;

partially offset by

• 

• 

• 

a $28,097 decrease in cash paid for interest, excluding debt prepayment fees;

a $707 decrease in cash bonuses paid; and

ordinary course fluctuations in working capital accounts.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Cash flows from investing activities consist primarily of proceeds from the sales of investment properties, net of cash paid to 
purchase investment properties and fund capital expenditures, tenant improvements and developments in progress. Net cash flows 
from investing activities in 2017 increased $595,858 primarily due to the following:

• 

• 

• 

• 

a $450,390 increase in proceeds from the sales of investment properties; and

a $180,681 decrease in cash paid to purchase investment properties;

partially offset by

a $21,982 increase in capital expenditures and tenant improvements; and

a $12,287 increase in investment in developments in progress.

In 2018, we expect to generate cash flows from investing activities from targeted dispositions, which are expected to be used to 
(i) fund redevelopment, expansion and pad development activities, capital expenditures and tenant improvements, (ii) repay debt, 
and (iii) complete targeted acquisitions.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Cash flows used in financing activities primarily consist of proceeds from our unsecured revolving line of credit and the issuance 
of debt instruments, partially offset by distribution payments, repayments of our unsecured revolving line of credit and other debt 
instruments,  principal  payments  on  mortgages  payable,  debt  prepayment  costs,  the  purchase  of  U.S.  Treasury  securities  in 
connection with defeasance of mortgages payable, repurchases of our common stock and the redemption of our preferred stock. 
Net cash flows used in financing activities in 2017 increased $568,379 primarily due to the following:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

a $426,973 increase in the purchase of U.S. Treasury securities in connection with defeasance of mortgages payable due 
to the defeasance of the remaining mortgages payable in the IW JV portfolio during the year ended December 31, 2017;

a $218,261 increase in repurchases of our common shares through our share repurchase program;

the $135,000 redemption of all 5,400 outstanding shares of our 7.00% Series A cumulative redeemable preferred stock 
during the year ended December 31, 2017;

the repayment of $100,000 on our unsecured term loan due 2018 during the year ended December 31, 2017; and

a $200,000 decrease in proceeds from the issuance of unsecured notes related to a $200,000 private placement transaction 
during the year ended December 31, 2016;

partially offset by

$200,000 of proceeds from the Term Loan Due 2023, which funded in January 2017;

a $159,311 decrease in principal payments on mortgages payable;

45

• 

• 

a $144,000 increase in net proceeds from our unsecured revolving line of credit; and

an $8,746 decrease in the payment of loan fees and deposits.

In 2018, we plan to continue to address our debt maturities through a combination of proceeds from asset dispositions, capital 
markets transactions and our unsecured revolving line of credit.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Contractual Obligations

The following table presents our obligations and commitments to make future payments under our debt obligations and lease 
agreements as of December 31, 2017 and excludes the following:

• 

• 

• 

• 

the impact of any 2018 debt activity;

recorded debt premiums, discounts and capitalized loan fees, which are not obligations;

obligations related to development, redevelopment, expansions and pad site developments, as payments are only due 
upon satisfactory performance under the contracts; and

letters of credit totaling $9,645 that serve as collateral for certain capital improvements and performance obligations on 
certain redevelopment projects, which will be satisfied upon completion of the projects.

Long-term debt (a):

Fixed rate
Variable rate
Interest (e)

Operating lease obligations (f)

Less than
1 year (b)

1-3
years

3-5
years (c)

More than
5 years (d)

Total

Payment due by period

$

$

4,166
100,000
65,543
6,717
176,426

$

$

29,180
216,000
120,097
14,304
379,581

$

$

530,036
—
82,434
14,706
627,176

$

$

873,856
—
86,956
348,246
1,309,058

$

$

1,437,238
316,000
355,030
383,973
2,492,241

(a)  Fixed and variable rate amounts for each year include scheduled principal amortization payments. Interest payments related to variable rate 

debt were calculated using interest rates as of December 31, 2017.

(b)  We plan on addressing our 2018 term loan maturity and scheduled principal payments on our mortgages payable through a combination of 

proceeds from asset dispositions, capital markets transactions and our unsecured revolving line of credit.

(c)  Included in fixed rate debt is $250,000 of LIBOR-based variable rate debt that has been swapped to a fixed rate through three interest rate 

swaps through January 2021.

(d)  Included in fixed rate debt is $200,000 of LIBOR-based variable rate debt that has been swapped to a fixed rate through two interest rate 

swaps through November 2018.

(e)  Represents expected interest payments on our consolidated debt obligations as of December 31, 2017, including any capitalized interest.

(f)  We lease land under non-cancellable leases at certain of our properties expiring in various years from 2035 to 2087, not inclusive of any 
available option period. In addition, unless we can purchase a fee interest in the underlying land or extend the terms of these leases before 
or at their expiration, we will lose our interest in the improvements and the right to operate these properties. We lease office space under 
non-cancellable leases expiring in various years from 2018 to 2023.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These 
estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities 
at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. 
For  example,  significant  estimates  and  assumptions  have  been  made  with  respect  to  useful  lives  of  assets;  capitalization  of 
development costs; fair value measurements; provision for impairment, including estimates of holding periods, capitalization rates 
and discount rates (where applicable); provision for income taxes; recoverable amounts of receivables; deferred taxes and initial 

46

valuations and related amortization periods of deferred costs and intangibles, particularly with respect to property acquisitions. 
Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The following disclosure pertains to accounting policies and estimates we believe are most “critical” to the portrayal of our financial 
condition and results of operations and require our most difficult, subjective or complex judgments. These judgments often result 
from the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. GAAP requires information in financial 
statements about accounting principles, methods used and disclosures pertaining to significant estimates. This discussion addresses 
our judgment pertaining to known trends, events or uncertainties which were taken into consideration upon the application of those 
policies and the likelihood that materially different amounts would be reported upon taking into consideration different conditions 
and assumptions.

Acquisition of Investment Property

We elected to early adopt ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations, on a prospective basis as of October 1, 2016. This guidance 
clarifies the definition of a business and provides a screen to determine when an integrated set of assets and activities is not 
considered a business and, thus, is accounted for as an asset acquisition as opposed to a business combination. Refer to the “Recently 
Adopted Accounting Pronouncements – Prior to 2018” section within Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations.” Under this guidance, all of the acquisitions completed subsequent to October 1, 2016 met 
this screen and, thus, have been accounted for as asset acquisitions. We allocate the purchase price of each acquired investment 
property that is accounted for as an asset acquisition based upon the relative fair value of the individual assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed, which generally include (i) land, (ii) building and other improvements, (iii) in-place lease value intangibles, (iv) acquired 
above and below market lease intangibles, (v) any assumed financing that is determined to be above or below market and (vi) the 
value of customer relationships. Asset acquisitions do not give rise to goodwill and the related transaction costs are capitalized 
and included with the allocated purchase price.

We allocate the purchase price of each acquired investment property accounted for as a business combination based upon the 
estimated acquisition date fair value of the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed, which generally include (i) land, (ii) 
building and other improvements, (iii) in-place lease value intangibles, (iv) acquired above and below market lease intangibles, 
(v) any assumed financing that is determined to be above or below market, (vi) the value of customer relationships and (vii) 
goodwill, if any. Transaction costs related to acquisitions accounted for as business combinations are expensed as incurred and 
included within “General and administrative expenses” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and other 
comprehensive income.

For tangible assets acquired, including land, building and other improvements, we consider available comparable market and 
industry information in estimating the acquisition date fair value. We allocate a portion of the purchase price to the estimated 
acquired in-place lease value intangibles based on estimated lease execution costs for similar leases as well as lost rental payments 
during an assumed lease-up period. We also evaluate each acquired lease as compared to current market rates. If an acquired lease 
is determined to be above or below market, we allocate a portion of the purchase price to such above or below market leases based 
upon the present value of the difference between the contractual lease payments and estimated market rent payments over the 
remaining lease term. Renewal periods are included within the lease term in the calculation of above and below market lease 
intangibles if, based upon factors known at the acquisition date, market participants would consider it reasonably assured that the 
lessee would exercise such options. Fair value estimates used in acquisition accounting, including the discount rate used, require 
us to consider various factors, including, but not limited to, market knowledge, demographics, age and physical condition of the 
property, geographic location, size and location of tenant spaces within the acquired investment property and tenant profile. For 
acquisitions accounted for as business combinations, if, up to one year from the acquisition date, information regarding fair value 
of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed is received and estimates are refined, appropriate adjustments are made to the purchase 
price allocation on a prospective basis.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Our investment properties, including developments in progress, are reviewed for potential impairment at the end of each reporting 
period or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. At the end of each 
reporting period, we separately determine whether impairment indicators exist for each property. Examples of situations considered 
to be impairment indicators for both operating properties and developments in progress include, but are not limited to:

47

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

a substantial decline in or continued low occupancy rate or cash flow;

expected significant declines in occupancy in the near future;

continued difficulty in leasing space;

a significant concentration of financially troubled tenants;

a change in anticipated holding period;

a cost accumulation or delay in project completion date significantly above and beyond the original development or 
redevelopment estimate;

a significant decrease in market price not in line with general market trends; and

any other quantitative or qualitative events or factors deemed significant by our management or board of directors.

If the presence of one or more impairment indicators as described above is identified at the end of a reporting period or at any 
point throughout the year with respect to a property, the asset is tested for recoverability by comparing its carrying value to the 
estimated  future  undiscounted  cash  flows. An  investment  property  is  considered  to  be  impaired  when  the  estimated  future 
undiscounted cash flows are less than its current carrying value. When performing a test for recoverability or estimating the fair 
value of an impaired investment property, we make certain complex or subjective assumptions which include, but are not limited 
to:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

projected operating cash flows considering factors such as vacancy rates, rental rates, lease terms, tenant financial strength, 
competitive positioning and property location;

estimated holding period or various potential holding periods when considering probability-weighted scenarios;

projected capital expenditures and lease origination costs;

estimated interest and internal costs expected to be capitalized, dates of construction completion and grand opening dates 
for developments in progress;

projected cash flows from the eventual disposition of an operating property or development in progress using a property-
specific capitalization rate;

comparable selling prices; and

a property-specific discount rate.

To determine whether any identified impairment is other-than-temporary, we consider whether we have the ability and intent to 
hold the investment until the carrying value is fully recovered. To the extent impairment has occurred, we will record an impairment 
charge calculated as the excess of the carrying value of the asset over its estimated fair value.

Cost Capitalization, Depreciation and Amortization Policies

Our policy is to review all expenses paid and capitalize any items which are deemed to be an upgrade or a tenant improvement, 
including internal salaries and related benefits of personnel directly involved in the upgrade or improvement. These costs are 
included in the investment properties financial statement caption as an addition to building and other improvements. We capitalized 
$1,187,  $1,152  and  $0  of  internal  salaries  and  related  benefits  of  personnel  directly  involved  in  capital  upgrades  and  tenant 
improvements during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. In addition, we capitalized $368, $423
and $474 of internal leasing incentives, all of which were incremental to signed leases, during the years ended December 31, 2017, 
2016 and 2015, respectively.

Depreciation expense is computed using the straight-line method. Building and other improvements are depreciated based upon 
estimated useful lives of 30 years for building and associated improvements and 15 years for site improvements and most other 
capital improvements. Tenant improvements, leasing fees and acquired in-place lease value intangibles are amortized on a straight-
line basis over the life of the related lease as a component of depreciation and amortization expense. Acquired above and below 
market lease intangibles are amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the related lease, inclusive of renewal periods if 

48

market participants would consider it reasonably assured that the lessee would exercise such options, as an adjustment to rental 
income when we are the lessor. For acquired leases in which we are the lessee, any value attributable to above and below market 
lease intangibles is amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the related lease as an adjustment to property operating 
expenses.

Development and Redevelopment Projects

Active development and redevelopment projects are classified as developments in progress on the accompanying consolidated 
balance sheets and include (i) land held for future development, (ii) ground-up developments and (iii) redevelopment properties 
undergoing significant renovations and improvements. During the development or redevelopment period, we capitalize direct 
project costs such as construction, insurance, architectural and legal, as well as certain indirect project costs such as interest, other 
financing costs, real estate taxes and internal salaries and related benefits of personnel directly involved in the project. Capitalization 
of project costs begins when the activities and related expenditures commence and cease when the project, or a portion of the 
project, is substantially complete and ready for its intended use, at which time the project is placed in service and depreciation 
commences. Additionally, we make estimates as to the probability of completion of development and redevelopment projects. If 
we determine that completion of the development or redevelopment project is no longer probable, we expense any capitalized 
costs that are not recoverable.

We capitalized $1,202 and $302 of indirect project costs, which includes $268 and $44 of internal salaries and related benefits of 
personnel directly involved in the redevelopment projects and $485 and $69 of interest, related to redevelopment projects during 
the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. No costs were capitalized during the year ended December 31, 2015.

A project’s, or portion of a project’s, classification changes from development to operating when it is substantially complete and 
ready for its intended use, but no later than one year from the completion of major construction activity. Generally, rental property 
is considered substantially complete and ready for its intended use upon completion of tenant improvements. A property is considered 
stabilized upon reaching 90% occupancy, but no later than one year from the date it was classified as operating, and is included 
in our same store portfolio when it is stabilized for the periods presented.

Investment Properties Held for Sale

In determining whether to classify an investment property as held for sale, we consider whether: (i) management has committed 
to a plan to sell the investment property; (ii) the investment property is available for immediate sale in its present condition, subject 
only to terms that are usual and customary; (iii) we have initiated a program to locate a buyer; (iv) we believe that the sale of the 
investment property is probable; (v) we are actively marketing the investment property for sale at a price that is reasonable in 
relation to its current value, and (vi) actions required for us to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely that any significant 
changes will be made.

If all of the above criteria are met, we classify the investment property as held for sale. When these criteria are met, we suspend 
depreciation (including depreciation for building improvements and tenant improvements) and amortization of acquired in-place 
lease value intangibles and any above or below market lease intangibles and we record the investment property held for sale at 
the lower of cost or net realizable value. The assets and liabilities associated with those investment properties that are classified 
as held for sale are presented separately on the consolidated balance sheets for the most recent reporting period.

Partially-Owned Entities

We consolidate partially-owned entities if they are variable interest entities (VIEs) in accordance with the Consolidation Topic of 
the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) and we are considered the primary beneficiary, we have voting control, the 
limited partners (or non-managing members) do not have substantive participatory rights, or other conditions exist that indicate 
that we have control. Management uses its judgment when determining if we are the primary beneficiary of, or have a controlling 
financial interest in, an entity in which we have a variable interest, to determine whether we have the power to direct the activities 
that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and if we have significant economic exposure to the risk and 
rewards of ownership. We assess our interests in VIEs on an ongoing basis to determine if the entity should be consolidated.

We did not have any VIEs as of December 31, 2017 and 2016. During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, we acquired 
one and three properties, respectively, through consolidated VIEs in connection with 1031 Exchanges. During the year ended 
December 31, 2017, we loaned $87,452 to the VIEs to acquire Main Street Promenade. During the year ended December 31, 2016, 
we loaned $65,419, $39,215 and $23,522 to the VIEs to acquire Oak Brook Promenade, Tacoma South and Eastside, respectively. 
The 1031 Exchange for Main Street Promenade was completed during the year ended December 31, 2017 and the 1031 Exchanges 

49

for Oak Brook Promenade, Tacoma South and Eastside were completed during the year ended December 31, 2016 and, accordingly, 
no agreements remained outstanding related to 1031 Exchanges as of December 31, 2017 and 2016. At the completion of the 1031 
Exchanges, the sole membership interests of the VIEs were assigned to us and the respective outstanding loans were extinguished, 
resulting in the entities being wholly owned by us and no longer considered VIEs.

Revenue Recognition

We commence revenue recognition on our leases based on a number of factors. In most cases, revenue recognition under a lease 
begins when the lessee takes possession of or controls the physical use of the leased asset. Generally, this occurs on the lease 
commencement date. The determination of who is the owner, for accounting purposes, of the tenant improvements determines the 
nature of the leased asset and when revenue recognition under a lease begins. If we are the owner, for accounting purposes, of the 
tenant improvements, then the leased asset is the finished space and revenue recognition begins when the lessee takes possession 
of the finished space, typically when the improvements are substantially complete. If we conclude that the lessee is the owner, for 
accounting purposes, of the tenant improvements, then the leased asset is the unimproved space and any tenant improvement 
allowances funded under the lease are accounted for as lease inducements which are amortized as a reduction to the revenue 
recognized over the term of the lease. In these circumstances, we commence revenue recognition when the lessee takes possession 
of the unimproved space for the lessee to construct their own improvements. We consider a number of factors to evaluate whether 
we or the lessee are the owner of the tenant improvements for accounting purposes. These factors include:

•  whether the lease stipulates how and on what a tenant improvement allowance may be spent;

•  whether the tenant or landlord retains legal title to the improvements;

• 

• 

the uniqueness of the improvements;

the expected economic life of the tenant improvements relative to the length of the lease;

•  who constructs or directs the construction of the improvements, and

•  whether the tenant or landlord is obligated to fund cost overruns.

The determination of who owns the tenant improvements, for accounting purposes, is subject to significant judgment. In making 
that determination, we consider all of the above factors. No one factor, however, necessarily establishes its determination.

Rental income, for only those leases that have fixed and measurable rent escalations, is recognized on a straight-line basis over 
the term of each lease. The difference between such rental income earned and the cash rent due under the provisions of a lease is 
recorded as deferred rent receivable and is included as a component of “Accounts and notes receivable” in the accompanying 
consolidated balance sheets.

Reimbursements from tenants for recoverable real estate taxes and operating expenses are accrued as revenue in the period the 
applicable expenditures are incurred. We make certain assumptions and judgments in estimating the reimbursements at the end of 
each reporting period.

We record lease termination income in “Other property income” upon: (i) execution of a termination letter agreement; (ii) when 
all of the conditions of such agreement have been fulfilled; (iii) the tenant is no longer occupying the property and (iv) collectibility 
is reasonably assured. Upon early lease termination, we may record losses related to recognized tenant specific intangibles and 
other assets or adjust the remaining useful life of the assets if determined to be appropriate.

Our policy for percentage rental income is to defer recognition of contingent rental income until the specified target (i.e. breakpoint) 
that triggers the contingent rental income is achieved.

Profits from sales of real estate are not recognized under the full accrual method unless: (i) a sale is consummated; (ii) the buyer’s 
initial  and  continuing  investments  are  adequate  to  demonstrate  a  commitment  to  pay  for  the  property;  (iii)  our  receivable,  if 
applicable, is not subject to future subordination; (iv) we have transferred to the buyer the usual risks and rewards of ownership, 
and (v) we do not have substantial continuing involvement with the property.

50

Accounts and Notes Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts and notes receivable balances outstanding include base rents, tenant reimbursements and deferred rent receivables. An 
allowance for the uncollectible portion of accounts receivable is determined on a tenant-specific basis through an analysis of 
balances outstanding, historical bad debt levels, tenant creditworthiness and current economic trends. Additionally, estimates of 
the expected recovery of pre-petition and post-petition claims with respect to tenants in bankruptcy are considered in assessing 
the collectibility of the related receivables. As these factors change, the allowance is subject to revision and may impact our results 
of operations. Management’s estimate of the collectibility of accounts and notes receivable is based on the best information available 
to management at the time of evaluation.

Income Taxes

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject 
to U.S. federal income tax on the taxable income we currently distribute to our shareholders.

We record a benefit, based on the GAAP measurement criteria, for uncertain income tax positions if the result of a tax position 
meets a “more likely than not” recognition threshold.

Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements – Prior to 2018

We elected to early adopt ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations, on a prospective basis as of October 1, 2016. This new guidance 
clarifies the definition of a business and provides a screen to determine when an integrated set of assets and activities is not 
considered a business and, thus, is accounted for as an asset acquisition as opposed to a business combination. The screen requires 
that when substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired (or disposed of) is concentrated in a single identifiable 
asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not considered a business. Under this new guidance, all of the acquisitions 
completed subsequent to October 1, 2016 met the screen and, thus, were accounted for as asset acquisitions. Consistent with 
existing  guidance,  transaction  costs  associated  with  asset  acquisitions  are  capitalized  while  transaction  costs  associated  with 
business combinations are expensed as incurred. The adoption of this pronouncement resulted in our acquisition of investment 
properties subsequent to October 1, 2016 qualifying as asset acquisitions and, as such, the related transaction costs of $725 incurred 
during the three months ended December 31, 2016 were capitalized. All of the acquisitions completed during 2017 were considered 
asset acquisitions and, as such, transaction costs were capitalized upon closing.

We elected to early adopt ASU 2017-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation, on a prospective basis as of June 30, 2017. This 
new pronouncement amends/clarifies guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award 
require an entity to apply modification accounting. Under the new guidance, an entity should account for the effects of a modification 
unless all of the following are the same in the modified award as the original award immediately before the original award is 
modified: 1) the fair value; 2) the vesting conditions; and 3) the classification of the modified award as an equity instrument or a 
liability instrument. The existing disclosure requirements apply regardless of whether an entity is required to apply modification 
accounting. The adoption of this pronouncement did not have any effect on our consolidated financial statements.

We elected to early adopt ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows, on a retrospective basis as of December 31, 2017. This new 
guidance adds or clarifies guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows. Of 
the eight types of cash flows discussed in the new standard, only one impacted us. The classification of debt prepayment costs as 
a financing outflow impacted our consolidated statements of cash flows as these costs had previously been reflected as operating 
outflows. The adoption resulted in the reclassification of $3,863 and $837 of debt prepayment costs from operating outflows to 
financing outflows for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

We elected to early adopt ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows, on a retrospective basis as of December 31, 2017. This new 
guidance requires amounts that are generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents to be included with cash 
and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash 
flows. As a result of the adoption, we now include amounts generally described as restricted cash within the beginning-of-period, 
change and end-of-period total amounts on the statement of cash flows rather than within an activity on the statement of cash 
flows. This resulted in a decrease of $1,481 in net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 and 
decreases of $5,093 and $22,665 in net cash provided by investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, 
respectively.

51

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements – 2018

In May 2014 with subsequent updates issued in August 2015 and March, April, May and December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 
2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. This new guidance is effective January 1, 2018 and will replace existing revenue 
recognition standards. The core principle of this standard is that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised 
goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange 
for those goods or services. The majority of our revenue follows the existing leasing guidance and will not be impacted by the 
adoption of this standard, however, the sale of investment property will be required to follow the new guidance upon adoption. 
This pronouncement allows either a full or a modified retrospective method of adoption. Expanded quantitative and qualitative 
disclosures regarding revenue recognition will be required for contracts that are subject to this guidance. The adoption of this 
pronouncement on January 1, 2018 will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements as the majority of our 
revenue falls outside the scope of this guidance. We will adopt this guidance on a modified retrospective basis and apply it to the 
sales of investment properties beginning January 1, 2018.

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-05, Other Income–Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets. 
This new guidance is required to be adopted concurrently with the amendments in ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers. The new pronouncement, which adds guidance for partial sales of nonfinancial assets and clarifies the scope of Subtopic 
610-20, Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets, applies to the derecognition of all nonfinancial assets 
(including real estate) for which the counterparty is not a customer. The pronouncement requires either a retrospective or a modified 
retrospective method of adoption. The adoption of this pronouncement on January 1, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis will 
not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall. This new guidance is effective January 1, 2018 
and will require companies to disclose the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities measured at amortized cost in 
accordance with the exit price notion, which is consistent with our existing practices, and will no longer require disclosure of the 
methods and significant assumptions used, including any changes, to estimate fair value. In addition, companies will be required 
to disclose all financial assets and financial liabilities grouped by 1) measurement category and 2) form of financial instrument. 
The adoption of this pronouncement on January 1, 2018 will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging. This new guidance is effective January 1, 2019, with 
early adoption permitted, and amends the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the 
presentation of hedge results in an entity’s financial statements. We elected to early adopt this pronouncement as of January 1, 
2018. The new guidance eliminates the requirement to separately measure and report hedge ineffectiveness and entities will be 
required to present the earnings effect of the hedging instrument in the same income statement line item in which they report the 
earnings effect of the hedged item. In addition, entities may perform the initial quantitative assessment of hedge effectiveness at 
any time after hedge designation, but no later than the first quarterly effectiveness testing date, and subsequent assessments of 
hedge  effectiveness  may  be  performed  qualitatively  unless  facts  and  circumstances  change.  Disclosure  requirements  will  be 
modified to include a tabular disclosure related to the effect of hedging instruments on the income statement and eliminate the 
requirement to disclose the ineffective portion of the change in fair value of such instruments. The adoption of this pronouncement 
on January 1, 2018 will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements and we will record a cumulative effect 
adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income and accumulated distributions in excess of earnings related to eliminating 
the separate measurement of ineffectiveness. The amended presentation and disclosure guidance will be applied prospectively.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. This new guidance is effective January 1, 2019, with early adoption 
permitted, and will require lessees to recognize a liability to make lease payments and a right-of-use (ROU) asset, initially measured 
at the present value of lease payments, for both operating and financing leases. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, lessees 
will be permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset to not recognize lease liabilities and lease 
assets. Upon adoption, we will recognize a lease liability and an ROU asset for operating leases where we are the lessee, such as 
ground leases and office leases. We are in the process of evaluating the inputs required to calculate the amounts that will be recorded 
on our balance sheet for each lease. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, we expect to make an accounting policy election 
by class of underlying asset to not recognize lease liabilities and lease assets. Under this new pronouncement, lessor accounting 
for lease components will be largely unchanged from existing GAAP. Only incremental direct leasing costs may be capitalized 
under  the  new  guidance,  which  is  consistent  with  our  existing  policies.  The  pronouncement  allows  some  optional  practical 
expedients. We expect to adopt this new guidance on January 1, 2019 and will continue to evaluate the impact of this guidance 
until it becomes effective.

52

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses. This new guidance is effective January 1, 
2020, with early adoption permitted beginning January 1, 2019, and replaces the current incurred loss impairment methodology 
with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses. Financial assets that are measured at amortized cost will be required to be 
presented at the net amount expected to be collected with an allowance for credit losses deducted from the amortized cost basis. 
In  addition, an entity must  consider broader  information in  developing its  expected credit loss  estimate, including the use  of 
forecasted information. Generally, the pronouncement requires a modified retrospective method of adoption. We will continue to 
evaluate the impact of this guidance until it becomes effective.

Inflation

Certain of our leases contain provisions designed to mitigate the adverse impact of inflation. Such provisions include clauses 
enabling us to receive payment of additional rent calculated as a percentage of tenants’ gross sales above predetermined thresholds, 
which generally increase as prices rise, and/or escalation clauses, which generally increase rental rates during the terms of the 
leases. While most escalation clauses are fixed in nature, some may include increases based upon changes in the consumer price 
index or similar inflation indices. In addition, many of our leases are for terms of less than 10 years, which permits us to seek to 
increase rents to market rates upon renewal. Most of our leases require the tenant to pay an allocable share of operating expenses, 
including common area maintenance costs, real estate taxes and insurance, thereby reducing our exposure to increases in costs 
and operating expenses resulting from inflation.

Subsequent Events

Subsequent to December 31, 2017, we:

• 

• 

• 

• 

closed on the disposition of Crown Theater, a 74,200 square foot single-user retail operating property located in Hartford, 
Connecticut, which was classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2017, for a sales price of $6,900 with an anticipated 
gain on sale;

granted 99 restricted shares at a grant date fair value of $13.34 per share and 268 RSUs at a grant date fair value of $14.13 
per RSU to our executives in conjunction with our long-term equity compensation plan. The restricted shares will vest 
over three years and the RSUs granted are subject to a three-year performance period. Refer to Note 5 to the accompanying 
consolidated financial statements for additional details regarding the terms of the RSUs;

issued 42 shares of common stock and 65 restricted shares with a one year vesting term for the RSUs with a performance 
period that concluded on December 31, 2017. An additional 16 shares of common stock were also issued for dividends 
that would have been paid on the common stock and restricted shares during the performance period; and

declared the cash dividend for the first quarter of 2018 of $0.165625 per share on our outstanding Class A common stock, 
which will be paid on April 10, 2018 to Class A common shareholders of record at the close of business on March 27, 
2018.

On February 6, 2018, our board of directors appointed Julie M. Swinehart as our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer 
and Treasurer. Ms. Swinehart has served as our Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer since 2015 and as our principal 
accounting officer since 2013. She has also held various accounting and financial reporting positions with us since 2008.

53

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We may be exposed to interest rate changes primarily as a result of our long-term debt that is used to maintain liquidity and fund 
our operations. Our interest rate risk management objectives are to limit the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash 
flows and to lower our overall borrowing costs. To achieve our objectives, we borrow primarily at fixed rates, and in some cases 
variable rates with the ability to convert to fixed rates.

With regard to variable rate financing, we assess interest rate cash flow risk by continually identifying and monitoring changes in 
interest rate exposures that may adversely impact expected future cash flows and by evaluating hedging opportunities. We maintain 
risk management control systems to monitor interest rate cash flow risk attributable to both our outstanding or forecasted debt 
obligations as well as our potential offsetting hedge positions. The risk management control systems involve the use of analytical 
techniques, including cash flow sensitivity analysis, to estimate the expected impact of changes in interest rates on our future cash 
flows.

As of December 31, 2017, we had $450,000 of variable rate debt based on LIBOR that has been swapped to fixed rate debt through 
interest rate swaps. Our interest rate swaps as of December 31, 2017 are summarized in the following table:

Fixed rate portion of Unsecured Credit Facility
Term Loan Due 2023

Notional
Amount

$

$

250,000
200,000
450,000

Termination Date
January 5, 2021
November 22, 2018

Fair Value of
Derivative Asset
860
$
226
1,086

$

A decrease of 1% in market interest rates would result in a hypothetical decrease in our derivative asset of approximately $8,853.

The combined carrying amount of our mortgages payable, unsecured notes payable, Term Loan Due 2023 and Unsecured Credit 
Facility is approximately $15,149 lower than the fair value as of December 31, 2017.

We may use additional derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to changes in interest rates. To the extent we do, we 
are exposed to market and credit risk. Market risk is the adverse effect on the value of a financial instrument that results from a 
change in interest rates. The market risk associated with interest rate contracts is managed by establishing and monitoring parameters 
that limit the types and degree of market risk that may be undertaken. Credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under 
the terms of the derivative contract. When the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, the counterparty owes us, which creates 
credit risk for us. When the fair value of a derivative contract is negative, we owe the counterparty and, therefore, we generally 
are not exposed to the credit risk of the counterparty. We minimize credit risk in derivative instruments by entering into transactions 
with highly rated counterparties or with the same party providing the financing, with the right of offset.

54

Debt Maturities

Our interest rate risk is monitored using a variety of techniques. The following table shows the scheduled maturities and principal 
amortization of our indebtedness as of December 31, 2017, for each of the next five years and thereafter and the weighted average 
interest rates by year, as well as the fair value of our indebtedness as of December 31, 2017. The table does not reflect the impact 
of any 2018 debt activity.

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Thereafter

Total

Fair Value

Debt:

Fixed rate debt:

Mortgages payable (a)

Fixed rate term loans (b)

Unsecured notes payable (c)

Total fixed rate debt

4,166

25,257

3,923

$

4,166

$ 25,257

$

3,923

$ 22,820

$ 157,216

$ 73,856

$ 287,238

$

298,635

—

—

—

—

—

—

250,000

100,000

372,820

—

—

157,216

200,000

600,000

873,856

450,000

700,000

452,451

693,823

1,437,238

1,444,909

Variable rate debt:

Variable rate term loan and
revolving line of credit

100,000

—

216,000

—

—

—

316,000

316,326

Total debt (d)

$ 104,166

$ 25,257

$ 219,923

$ 372,820

$ 157,216

$ 873,856

$1,753,238

$ 1,761,235

Weighted average interest rate on debt:

Fixed rate debt

Variable rate debt (e)

Total

5.07%

2.93%

3.01%

7.29%

—

7.29%

4.62%

2.92%

2.95%

3.62%

—

3.62%

4.97%

—

4.97%

3.92%

—

3.92%

4.02%

2.92%

3.83%

(a)  Excludes mortgage premium of $1,024 and discount of $(579), net of accumulated amortization, as of December 31, 2017.

(b)  $250,000 of LIBOR-based variable rate debt has been swapped to a fixed rate through three interest rate swaps. The swaps effectively 
convert one-month floating rate LIBOR to a fixed rate of 2.00% through January 5, 2021. In addition, $200,000 of LIBOR-based variable 
rate debt has been swapped to a fixed rate through two interest rate swaps. The swaps effectively convert one-month floating rate LIBOR 
to a fixed rate of 1.26% through November 22, 2018.

(c)  Excludes discount of $(853), net of accumulated amortization, as of December 31, 2017.

(d)  The weighted average years to maturity of consolidated indebtedness was 5.1 years as of December 31, 2017. Total debt excludes capitalized 
loan fees of $(6,744), net of accumulated amortization, as of December 31, 2017, which are included as a reduction to the respective debt 
balances.

(e)  Represents interest rates as of December 31, 2017.

We had $316,000 of variable rate debt, excluding $450,000 of variable rate debt that has been swapped to fixed rate debt and debt 
issuance costs, with interest rates varying based upon LIBOR, with a weighted average interest rate of 2.92% as of December 31, 
2017. An increase in the variable interest rate on this debt constitutes a market risk. If interest rates increase by 1% based on debt 
outstanding as of December 31, 2017, interest expense would increase by approximately $3,160 on an annualized basis.

The table incorporates only those interest rate exposures that existed as of December 31, 2017 and does not consider those interest 
rate exposures or positions that could arise after that date. The information presented herein is merely an estimate and has limited 
predictive value. As a result, the ultimate realized gain or loss with respect to interest rate fluctuations will depend on the interest 
rate exposures that arise during future periods, our hedging strategies at that time and future changes in interest rates.

55

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Index

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Financial Statements

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015

Consolidated Statements of Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (Schedule II)

Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation (Schedule III)

Schedules not filed:

57

58

59

60

61

63

98

99

All schedules other than the two listed in the Index have been omitted as the required information is either not applicable or the 
information is already presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements or related notes thereto.

56

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Retail Properties of America, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  Retail  Properties  of America,  Inc.  and  subsidiaries  (the 
“Company”) as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the related consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income, 
equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes and the schedules 
listed in the Index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present 
fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of its 
operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, in conformity with accounting 
principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We  have  also  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States) 
(PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in 
Internal  Control  –  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway 
Commission and our report dated February 14, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over 
financial reporting.

Change in Accounting Principle

As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for the statement of cash 
flows in 2017, 2016, and 2015 due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) 
Restricted Cash.

As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for acquisitions as of October 
1, 2016 due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update 2017-01, Business Combinations.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are 
required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable 
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error 
or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether 
due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, 
evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting 
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial 
statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Chicago, Illinois
February 14, 2018

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2009.

57

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except par value amounts)

Assets
Investment properties:

Land
Building and other improvements
Developments in progress

Less accumulated depreciation

Net investment properties
Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts and notes receivable (net of allowances of $6,567 and $6,886, respectively)
Acquired lease intangible assets, net
Assets associated with investment properties held for sale
Other assets, net
Total assets

Liabilities and Equity
Liabilities:

Mortgages payable, net
Unsecured notes payable, net
Unsecured term loans, net
Unsecured revolving line of credit
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Distributions payable
Acquired lease intangible liabilities, net
Liabilities associated with investment properties held for sale
Other liabilities

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies (Note 16)

Equity:

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 10,000 shares authorized, 7.00% Series A cumulative

redeemable preferred stock, liquidation preference $135,000, 0 and 5,400 shares issued
and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively

Class A common stock, $0.001 par value, 475,000 shares authorized, 219,237 and 236,770

shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively

Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated distributions in excess of earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive income

Total equity
Total liabilities and equity

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

December 31,
2017

December 31,
2016

$

$

$

1,066,705
3,686,200
33,022
4,785,927
(1,215,990)
3,569,937
25,185
71,678
122,646
3,647
125,171
3,918,264

287,068
695,748
547,270
216,000
82,698
36,311
97,971
—
69,498
2,032,564

$

$

$

1,191,403
4,284,664
23,439
5,499,506
(1,443,333)
4,056,173
53,119
78,941
142,015
30,827
91,898
4,452,973

769,184
695,143
447,598
86,000
83,085
39,222
105,290
864
74,501
2,300,887

—

5

219
4,574,428
(2,690,021)
1,074
1,885,700
3,918,264

237
4,927,155
(2,776,033)
722
2,152,086
4,452,973

$

$

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Revenues

Rental income
Tenant recovery income
Other property income

Total revenues

Expenses

Operating expenses
Real estate taxes
Depreciation and amortization
Provision for impairment of investment properties
General and administrative expenses

Total expenses

Operating income

Gain on extinguishment of debt
Gain on extinguishment of other liabilities
Interest expense
Other income, net
(Loss) income from continuing operations
Gain on sales of investment properties
Net income
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Net income attributable to the Company
Preferred stock dividends
Net income attributable to common shareholders

Earnings per common share – basic and diluted
Net income per common share attributable to common shareholders

Net income
Other comprehensive income:

Net unrealized gain on derivative instruments (Note 10)

Comprehensive income
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest
Comprehensive income attributable to the Company

Year Ended December 31,
2016

2015

2017

$

$

$

$

$

414,804
115,944
7,391
538,139

84,556
82,755
203,866
67,003
40,724
478,904

59,235

—
—
(146,092)
373
(86,484)
337,975
251,491
—
251,491
(13,867)
237,624

1.03

251,491

352
251,843
—
251,843

$

$

$

$

$

455,658
118,569
8,916
583,143

85,895
81,774
224,430
20,376
44,522
456,997

126,146

13,653
6,978
(109,730)
63
37,110
129,707
166,817
—
166,817
(9,450)
157,367

0.66

166,817

807
167,624
—
167,624

$

$

$

$

$

472,344
119,536
12,080
603,960

94,780
82,810
214,706
19,937
50,657
462,890

141,070

—
—
(138,938)
1,700
3,832
121,792
125,624
(528)
125,096
(9,450)
115,646

0.49

125,624

452
126,076
(528)
125,548

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic

230,747

236,651

236,380

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – diluted

230,927

236,951

236,382

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Equity
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Preferred Stock

Class A
Common Stock

Shares

Amount

Shares

Amount

Accumulated
Distributions
in Excess of
Earnings

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income

Total
Shareholders’
Equity

Noncontrolling
Interest

Total
Equity

Balance as of January 1, 2015
Net income
Other comprehensive income
Distribution upon dissolution of consolidated

joint venture

Distributions declared to preferred shareholders

($1.75 per share)

Distributions declared to common shareholders

($0.6625 per share)

Issuance of common stock, net of offering costs
Issuance of restricted shares
Stock-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures
Shares withheld for employee taxes
Balance as of December 31, 2015

Cumulative effect of accounting change
Net income
Other comprehensive income
Distributions declared to preferred shareholders

($1.75 per share)

Distributions declared to common shareholders

($0.6625 per share)

Issuance of common stock, net of offering costs
Shares repurchased through share repurchase program
Issuance of restricted shares
Exercise of stock options
Stock-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures
Shares withheld for employee taxes
Balance as of December 31, 2016

Net income
Other comprehensive income
Redemption of preferred stock
Distributions declared to preferred shareholders

($1.6965 per share)

Distributions declared to common shareholders

($0.6625 per share)

Shares repurchased through share repurchase program
Issuance of restricted shares
Stock-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures
Shares withheld for employee taxes
Balance as of December 31, 2017

$

5,400
—
—

—

—

—

—
—
—
—
5,400

$

— $
—
—

—

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
5,400

$

— $
—
(5,400)

—

—

—
—
—
—
— $

5
—
—

—

—

—

—
—
—
—
5

—
—
—

—

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
5

—
—
(5)

—

—

—
—
—
—
—

$

236,602
—
—

—

—

—

—
801
(4)
(132)
237,267

$

— $
—
—

—

—

—
(591)
274
2
(10)
(172)
236,770

$

— $
—
—

—

—

(17,683)
285
(40)
(95)
219,237

$

Additional
Paid-in
Capital

$ 4,922,864
—
—

—

—

—

(216)
—
10,755
(2,008)
$ 4,931,395

17
—
—

—

—

(100)
(8,841)
—
23
7,209
(2,548)
$ 4,927,155

$

$

$

$

237
—
—

—

—

—

—
—
—
—
237

—

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
237

— $
—
—

— $
—
—

— $
—
(130,289)

—

—

(18)
—
—
—
219

—

—

(227,084)
—
6,059
(1,413)
$ 4,574,428

$

$

(2,734,688)
125,096
—

$

(537)
—
452

$

2,187,881
125,096
452

1,494
528
—

$

2,189,375
125,624
452

—

(9,450)

(157,173)

—
—
—
—
(2,776,215)

(17)
166,817
—

(9,450)

(157,168)

—
—
—
—
—
—
(2,776,033)

251,491
—
(4,706)

(9,161)

(151,612)

—
—
—
—
(2,690,021)

$

$

$

$

$

—

—

—

—
—
—
—
(85)

$

— $
—
807

—

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
722

$

— $
352
—

—

—

—
—
—
—
1,074

$

—

(2,022)

(9,450)

(157,173)

(216)
—
10,755
(2,008)
2,155,337

$

— $

166,817
807

(9,450)

(157,168)

(100)
(8,841)
—
23
7,209
(2,548)
2,152,086

251,491
352
(135,000)

(9,161)

(151,612)

(227,102)
—
6,059
(1,413)
1,885,700

$

$

$

—

—

—
—
—
—
— $

— $
—
—

—

—

—
—
—
—
—
—
— $

— $
—
—

—

—

—
—
—
—
— $

(2,022)

(9,450)

(157,173)

(216)
—
10,755
(2,008)
2,155,337

—
166,817
807

(9,450)

(157,168)

(100)
(8,841)
—
23
7,209
(2,548)
2,152,086

251,491
352
(135,000)

(9,161)

(151,612)

(227,102)
—
6,059
(1,413)
1,885,700

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

60

 
 
Table of Contents

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)

Year Ended December 31,
2016

2017

2015

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

$

251,491

$

166,817

$

125,624

Depreciation and amortization
Provision for impairment of investment properties
Gain on sales of investment properties
Gain on extinguishment of debt
Gain on extinguishment of other liabilities
Amortization of loan fees and debt premium and discount, net
Amortization of stock-based compensation
Premium paid in connection with defeasance of mortgages payable
Debt prepayment fees
Payment of leasing fees and inducements
Changes in accounts receivable, net
Changes in accounts payable and accrued expenses, net
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities, net
Other, net

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of investment properties
Capital expenditures and tenant improvements
Proceeds from sales of investment properties
Investment in developments in progress
Other, net

Net cash provided by investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from mortgages payable
Principal payments on mortgages payable
Proceeds from unsecured notes payable
Proceeds from unsecured term loans
Repayments of unsecured term loans
Proceeds from unsecured revolving line of credit
Repayments of unsecured revolving line of credit
Payment of loan fees and deposits
Debt prepayment fees
Purchase of U.S. Treasury securities in connection with defeasance of mortgages payable
Redemption of preferred stock
Distributions paid
Shares repurchased through share repurchase program
Other, net

Net cash used in financing activities

Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, at beginning of year
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, at end of year

203,866
67,003
(337,975)
—
—
7,655
6,059
59,968
8,498
(15,981)
962
579
(1,770)
(2,839)
247,516

(200,755)
(73,750)
896,456
(13,649)
—
608,302

—
(106,722)
—
200,000
(100,000)
943,000
(813,000)
(10)
(8,498)
(439,403)
(135,000)
(163,684)
(227,102)
(1,413)
(851,832)

224,430
20,376
(129,707)
(13,653)
(6,978)
5,781
7,209
1,735
3,863
(9,640)
(1,918)
2,007
(3,257)
(935)
266,130

(381,436)
(51,768)
446,066
(1,362)
944
12,444

—
(266,033)
200,000
—
—
622,500
(636,500)
(8,756)
(3,863)
(12,430)
—
(166,693)
(8,841)
(2,837)
(283,453)

214,706
19,937
(121,792)
—
—
5,129
10,755
17,343
837
(8,184)
4,420
1,976
(469)
(3,632)
266,650

(454,085)
(45,649)
505,503
(2,371)
(775)
2,623

1,049
(441,490)
248,815
—
—
610,000
(510,000)
(2,243)
(837)
(87,435)
—
(166,513)
—
(4,152)
(352,806)

3,986
82,349
86,335

$

(4,879)
87,228
82,349

$

(83,533)
170,761
$
87,228
(continued)

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)

Year Ended December 31,
2016

2017

2015

Supplemental cash flow disclosure, including non-cash activities:

Cash paid for interest, net of interest capitalized

Distributions payable

Accrued capital expenditures and tenant improvements

Accrued leasing fees and inducements

Accrued redevelopment costs

Amounts reclassified to developments in progress

Developments in progress placed in service

U.S. Treasury securities transferred in connection with defeasance of mortgages payable

Defeasance of mortgages payable

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

78,327

36,311

7,902

547

750

$

$

$

$

$

101,789

39,222

9,286

952

4,816

— $

17,261

$

$

$

$

$

$

115,249

39,297

6,079

—

—

—

— $

— $

2,288

439,403

379,435

$

$

12,430

10,695

$

$

87,435

70,092

Purchase of investment properties (after credits at closing):

Net investment properties
Accounts receivable, acquired lease intangibles and other assets
Accounts payable, acquired lease intangibles and other liabilities
Mortgages payable assumed, net
Gain on exchange of investment property

Proceeds from sales of investment properties:

Net investment properties
Accounts receivable, acquired lease intangibles and other assets
Accounts payable, acquired lease intangibles and other liabilities
Deferred gains
Mortgage debt forgiven or assumed
Gain on extinguishment of debt
Gain on sales of investment properties

$ (198,984) $ (375,022) $ (442,763)
(47,498)
36,176
—
—
$ (200,755) $ (381,436) $ (454,085)

(40,989)
19,259
15,316
—

(15,451)
11,156
—
2,524

$

$

556,129
17,678
(11,316)
(1,486)
—
—
335,451
896,456

$

$

393,680
13,484
(11,605)
1,500
(94,353)
13,653
129,707
446,066

$

$

379,419
8,638
(4,378)
32
—
—
121,792
505,503

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

62

 
 
 
 
RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(1) ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Retail Properties of America, Inc. (the Company) was formed on March 5, 2003 and its primary purpose is to own and operate 
high quality, strategically located shopping centers in the United States.

The Company has elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (REIT) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended 
(the Code). The Company believes it qualifies for taxation as a REIT and, as such, the Company generally will not be subject to 
U.S. federal income tax on taxable income that is distributed to its shareholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any 
taxable year, the Company will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its taxable income. Even if the Company qualifies for 
taxation as a REIT, the Company may be subject to certain state and local taxes on its income, property or net worth and U.S. 
federal income and excise taxes on its undistributed income. The Company has one wholly-owned subsidiary that has jointly 
elected to be treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary (TRS) and is subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes at regular 
corporate tax rates. The income tax expense incurred by the TRS did not have a material impact on the Company’s accompanying 
consolidated financial statements.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP) 
requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets 
and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the 
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. For example, significant estimates and assumptions have 
been  made  with  respect  to  useful  lives  of  assets,  capitalization  of  development  costs,  fair  value  measurements,  provision  for 
impairment, including estimates of holding periods, capitalization rates and discount rates (where applicable), provision for income 
taxes, recoverable amounts of receivables, deferred taxes and initial valuations and related amortization periods of deferred costs 
and intangibles, particularly with respect to property acquisitions. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

All share amounts and dollar amounts in the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto are stated in thousands with the 
exception of per share amounts and per square foot amounts. Square foot and per square foot amounts are unaudited.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, as well as all wholly-owned subsidiaries 
and  any  consolidated  variable  interest  entities  (VIEs). All  intercompany  balances  and  transactions  have  been  eliminated  in 
consolidation. Wholly-owned subsidiaries generally consist of limited liability companies, limited partnerships and statutory trusts.

The Company’s property ownership as of December 31, 2017 is summarized below:

Retail operating properties (a)
Office properties

Total operating properties

Redevelopment properties

Wholly-owned
112
1
113

2

(a)  Excludes one wholly-owned operating property classified as held for sale and one property where the Company has 

begun activities in anticipation of future redevelopment as of December 31, 2017.

Noncontrolling interest is the portion of equity in a consolidated subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the Company. 
In the consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income, revenues, expenses and net income or loss from 
less-than-wholly-owned consolidated subsidiaries are reported at the consolidated amounts, including both the amounts attributable 
to  common  shareholders  and  noncontrolling  interests.  Consolidated  statements  of  equity  are  included  in  the  annual  financial 
statements, including beginning balances, activity for the period and ending balances for total shareholders’ equity, noncontrolling 
interests and total equity. Noncontrolling interests are adjusted for additional contributions from and distributions to noncontrolling 
interest holders, as well as the noncontrolling interest holders’ share of the net income or loss of each respective entity, as applicable. 
The Company evaluates the classification and presentation of noncontrolling interests associated with consolidated joint venture 
investments, if any, on an ongoing basis as facts and circumstances necessitate.

On October 29, 2015, the Company dissolved its remaining less-than-wholly owned consolidated joint venture concurrent with 
the sale of Green Valley Crossing to an affiliate of the joint venture partner. The Company was entitled to a preferred return on its 

63

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

capital contributions to the entity. The noncontrolling interest holder was allocated $528 as its share of the gain on sale of the 
development property and received a distribution of $2,022 upon dissolution of the joint venture. As of December 31, 2017, the 
Company did not have any less-than-wholly-owned consolidated entities.

(2) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Investment Properties:  Investment properties are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Ordinary repairs and maintenance 
are expensed as incurred. Expenditures for significant improvements, including internal salaries and related benefits of personnel 
directly involved in the improvements, are capitalized.

The Company elected to early adopt Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2017-01, Business Combinations, on a prospective basis 
as of October 1, 2016. This guidance clarifies the definition of a business and provides a screen to determine when an integrated 
set of assets and activities is not considered a business and, thus, is accounted for as an asset acquisition as opposed to a business 
combination. Refer to the “Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements – Prior to 2018” section within this Note 2 to the 
consolidated financial statements. Under this guidance, all of the acquisitions completed subsequent to October 1, 2016 met this 
screen  and,  thus,  have  been  accounted  for  as  asset  acquisitions. The  Company  allocates  the  purchase  price  of  each  acquired 
investment property that is accounted for as an asset acquisition based upon the relative fair value of the individual assets acquired 
and liabilities assumed, which generally include (i) land, (ii) building and other improvements, (iii) in-place lease value intangibles, 
(iv) acquired above and below market lease intangibles, (v) any assumed financing that is determined to be above or below market 
and (vi) the value of customer relationships. Asset acquisitions do not give rise to goodwill and the related transaction costs are 
capitalized and included with the allocated purchase price.

The Company allocates the purchase price of each acquired investment property accounted for as a business combination based 
upon the estimated acquisition date fair value of the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed, which generally include 
(i) land, (ii) building and other improvements, (iii) in-place lease value intangibles, (iv) acquired above and below market lease 
intangibles, (v) any assumed financing that is determined to be above or below market, (vi) the value of customer relationships 
and (vii) goodwill, if any. Transaction costs related to acquisitions accounted for as business combinations are expensed as incurred 
and included within “General and administrative expenses” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and other 
comprehensive income.

For  tangible  assets  acquired,  including  land,  building  and  other  improvements,  the  Company  considers  available  comparable 
market and industry information in estimating acquisition date fair value. The Company allocates a portion of the purchase price 
to the estimated acquired in-place lease value intangibles based on estimated lease execution costs for similar leases as well as 
lost rental payments during an assumed lease-up period. The Company also evaluates each acquired lease as compared to current 
market rates. If an acquired lease is determined to be above or below market, the Company allocates a portion of the purchase 
price to such above or below market leases based upon the present value of the difference between the contractual lease payments 
and estimated market rent payments over the remaining lease term. Renewal periods are included within the lease term in the 
calculation of above and below market lease values if, based upon factors known at the acquisition date, market participants would 
consider it reasonably assured that the lessee would exercise such options. Fair value estimates used in acquisition accounting, 
including the discount rate used, require the Company to consider various factors, including, but not limited to, market knowledge, 
demographics, age and physical condition of the property, geographic location, size and location of tenant spaces within the acquired 
investment  property  and  tenant  profile.  For  acquisitions  accounted  for  as  business  combinations,  if,  up  to  one  year  from  the 
acquisition date, information regarding fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed is received and estimates are refined, 
appropriate adjustments are made to the purchase price allocation on a prospective basis.

The portion of the purchase price allocated to acquired in-place lease value intangibles is amortized on a straight-line basis over 
the life of the related lease as a component of depreciation and amortization expense. The Company incurred amortization expense 
pertaining to acquired in-place lease value intangibles of $25,284, $27,443 and $25,913 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 
2016 and 2015, respectively.

With respect to acquired leases in which the Company is the lessor, the portion of the purchase price allocated to acquired above 
and below market lease intangibles is amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the related lease as an adjustment to rental 
income. Amortization pertaining to above market lease intangibles of $4,696, $4,406 and $4,807 for the years ended December 31, 
2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, was recorded as a reduction to rental income. Amortization pertaining to below market lease 

64

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

intangibles of $8,009, $7,396 and $8,428 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, was recorded as 
an increase to rental income.

With respect to acquired leases in which the Company is the lessee, the portion of the purchase price allocated to acquired above 
and below market ground lease intangibles is amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the related lease as an adjustment 
to property operating expenses. Amortization pertaining to above market ground lease intangibles of $560, $560 and $560 for the 
years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, was recorded as a reduction to property operating expenses.

The following table presents the amortization during the next five years and thereafter related to the acquired lease intangible 
assets and liabilities for properties owned as of December 31, 2017:

Amortization of:

Acquired above market lease intangibles (a)

Acquired in-place lease value intangibles (a)

Acquired lease intangible assets, net (b)

Acquired below market lease intangibles (a)

Acquired ground lease intangibles (c)

Acquired lease intangible liabilities, net (b)

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Thereafter

Total

$

$

$

$

4,071

18,918

22,989

(6,434)

(560)

(6,994)

$

$

$

$

2,702

12,860

15,562

(5,897)

(560)

(6,457)

$

$

$

$

2,052

10,626

12,678

(5,717)

(560)

(6,277)

$

$

$

$

1,545

9,615

11,160

(5,517)

(560)

(6,077)

$

$

$

$

1,276

8,456

9,732

(5,330)

(560)

(5,890)

$

$

$

$

4,589

45,936

50,525

(56,618)

(9,658)

(66,276)

$

$

$

$

16,235

106,411

122,646

(85,513)

(12,458)

(97,971)

(a)  Represents the portion of the purchase price with respect to acquired leases in which the Company is the lessor. The amortization of acquired 
above and below market lease intangibles is recorded as an adjustment to rental income and the amortization of acquired in-place lease 
value intangibles is recorded to depreciation and amortization expense.

(b)  Acquired lease intangible assets, net and acquired lease intangible liabilities, net are presented net of $263,400 and $53,002 of accumulated 

amortization, respectively, as of December 31, 2017.

(c)  Represents the portion of the purchase price with respect to acquired leases in which the Company is the lessee. The amortization is recorded 

as an adjustment to property operating expenses.

Depreciation expense is computed using the straight-line method. Building and other improvements are depreciated based upon 
estimated useful lives of 30 years for building and associated improvements and 15 years for site improvements and most other 
capital improvements. Tenant improvements and leasing fees, including capitalized internal leasing incentives, all of which are 
incremental to signed leases, are amortized on a straight-line basis over the life of the related lease as a component of depreciation 
and  amortization  expense.  The  Company  capitalized  $368,  $423  and  $474  of  internal  leasing  incentives,  all  of  which  were 
incremental to signed leases, during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets:  The Company’s investment properties, including developments in progress, are reviewed for 
potential impairment at the end of each reporting period or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying 
value  may  not  be  recoverable. At  the  end  of  each  reporting  period,  the  Company  separately  determines  whether  impairment 
indicators exist for each property. Examples of situations considered to be impairment indicators for both operating properties and 
developments in progress include, but are not limited to:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

a substantial decline in or continued low occupancy rate or cash flow;

expected significant declines in occupancy in the near future;

continued difficulty in leasing space;

a significant concentration of financially troubled tenants;

a change in anticipated holding period;

a cost accumulation or delay in project completion date significantly above and beyond the original development or 
redevelopment estimate;

• 

a significant decrease in market price not in line with general market trends; and

65

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

• 

any other quantitative or qualitative events or factors deemed significant by the Company’s management or board of 
directors.

If the presence of one or more impairment indicators as described above is identified at the end of a reporting period or at any 
point throughout the year with respect to a property, the asset is tested for recoverability by comparing its carrying value to the 
estimated  future  undiscounted  cash  flows. An  investment  property  is  considered  to  be  impaired  when  the  estimated  future 
undiscounted cash flows are less than its current carrying value. When performing a test for recoverability or estimating the fair 
value of an impaired investment property, the Company makes certain complex or subjective assumptions which include, but are 
not limited to:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

projected operating cash flows considering factors such as vacancy rates, rental rates, lease terms, tenant financial strength, 
competitive positioning and property location;

estimated holding period or various potential holding periods when considering probability-weighted scenarios;

projected capital expenditures and lease origination costs;

estimated interest and internal costs expected to be capitalized, dates of construction completion and grand opening dates 
for developments in progress;

projected cash flows from the eventual disposition of an operating property or development in progress using a property-
specific capitalization rate;

comparable selling prices; and

a property-specific discount rate.

To determine whether any identified impairment is other-than-temporary, the Company considers whether it has the ability and 
intent to hold the investment until the carrying value is fully recovered. To the extent impairment has occurred, the Company will 
record an impairment charge calculated as the excess of the carrying value of the asset over its estimated fair value.

Below is a summary of impairment charges recorded during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015:

Year Ended December 31,
2016

2017

2015

Impairment of consolidated properties (a)

$

67,003

$

20,376

$

19,937

(a)  Included in “Provision for impairment of investment properties” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and other 

comprehensive income.

The Company’s assessment of impairment as of December 31, 2017 was based on the most current information available to the 
Company. If the operating conditions mentioned above deteriorate or if the Company’s expected holding period for assets change, 
subsequent tests for impairment could result in additional impairment charges in the future. The Company can provide no assurance 
that material impairment charges with respect to the Company’s investment properties will not occur in 2018 or future periods. 
Based upon current market conditions, certain of the Company’s properties may have fair values less than their carrying amounts. 
However, based on the Company’s plans with respect to those properties, the Company believes that their carrying amounts are 
recoverable and therefore, under applicable GAAP guidance, no additional impairment charges were recorded. Accordingly, the 
Company will continue to monitor circumstances and events in future periods to determine whether additional impairment charges 
are warranted. Refer to Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements for further discussion.

Development and Redevelopment Projects:  Active development and redevelopment projects are classified as developments in 
progress  on  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  and  include  (i)  land  held  for  future  development,  (ii)  ground-up 
developments and (iii) redevelopment properties undergoing significant renovations and improvements. During the development 
or redevelopment period, the Company capitalizes direct project costs such as construction, insurance, architectural and legal, as 
well as certain indirect project costs such as interest, other financing costs, real estate taxes and internal salaries and related benefits 
of personnel directly involved in the project. Capitalization of project costs begins when the activities and related expenditures 

66

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

commence and cease when the project, or a portion of the project, is substantially complete and ready for its intended use, at which 
time the project is placed in service and depreciation commences. Generally, rental property is considered substantially complete 
and ready for its intended use upon completion of tenant improvements, but no later than one year from completion of major 
construction  activity. Additionally,  the  Company  makes  estimates  as  to  the  probability  of  completion  of  development  and 
redevelopment projects. If the Company determines that completion of the development or redevelopment project is no longer 
probable, the Company expenses any capitalized costs that are not recoverable. The Company capitalized $1,202 and $302 of 
indirect  project  costs  related  to  development  and  redevelopment  projects  and  $1,187  and  $1,152  related  to  expansions,  pad 
developments and other significant improvements during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The Company 
did not capitalize any indirect project costs during the year ended December 31, 2015.

Investment Properties Held for Sale:  In determining whether to classify an investment property as held for sale, the Company 
considers whether: (i) management has committed to a plan to sell the investment property; (ii) the investment property is available 
for immediate sale in its present condition, subject only to terms that are usual and customary; (iii) the Company has initiated a 
program to locate a buyer; (iv) the Company believes that the sale of the investment property is probable; (v) the Company is 
actively marketing the investment property for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current value, and (vi) actions 
required for the Company to complete the plan indicate that it is unlikely that any significant changes will be made.

If all of the above criteria are met, the Company classifies the investment property as held for sale. When these criteria are met, 
the Company suspends depreciation (including depreciation for tenant improvements and building improvements) and amortization 
of acquired in-place lease value intangibles and any above or below market lease intangibles and the Company records the investment 
property  held  for  sale  at  the  lower  of  cost  or  net  realizable value. The  assets  and  liabilities  associated  with  those  investment 
properties that are classified as held for sale are presented separately on the consolidated balance sheets for the most recent reporting 
period. One property was classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2017 and two properties qualified for held for sale accounting 
treatment as of December 31, 2016.

Partially-Owned  Entities:    The  Company  consolidates  partially-owned  entities  if  they  are  VIEs  in  accordance  with  the 
Consolidation Topic of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) and the 
Company is considered the primary beneficiary, the Company has voting control, the limited partners (or non-managing members) 
do not have substantive participatory rights, or other conditions exist that indicate that the Company has control. Management 
uses its judgment when determining if the Company is the primary beneficiary of, or has a controlling financial interest in, an 
entity  in  which  it  has  a  variable  interest,  to  determine  whether  the  Company  has  the  power  to  direct  the  activities  that  most 
significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and if it has significant economic exposure to the risk and rewards of 
ownership. The Company assesses its interests in VIEs on an ongoing basis to determine if the entity should be consolidated.

Cash,  Cash  Equivalents  and  Restricted  Cash:    The  Company  considers  all  demand  deposits,  money  market  accounts  and 
investments in certificates of deposit and repurchase agreements purchased with a maturity of three months or less at the date of 
purchase to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash and cash equivalents at major financial institutions. The cash 
and cash equivalents balance at one or more of these financial institutions exceeds the Federal Depository Insurance Corporation 
(FDIC) insurance coverage. The Company periodically assesses the credit risk associated with these financial institutions and 
believes that the risk of loss is minimal. Restricted cash consists of lenders’ escrows and funds restricted through lender or other 
agreements, including funds held in escrow for future acquisitions and potential Internal Revenue Code Section 1031 tax-deferred 
exchanges (1031 Exchanges), and are included as a component of “Other assets, net” in the accompanying consolidated balance 
sheets.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on the Company’s consolidated 
balance sheets to such amounts shown in the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

2017

December 31,
2016

$

$

25,185
61,150
86,335

$

$

53,119
29,230
82,349

$

$

2015

51,424
35,804
87,228

Derivative and Hedging Activities:  Derivatives are recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at fair value within 
“Other assets, net.” The Company uses interest rate derivatives to manage differences in the amount, timing and duration of the 

67

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Company’s known or expected cash payments principally related to certain of its borrowings. The Company does not use derivatives 
for trading or speculative purposes. On the date the Company enters into a derivative, it may designate the derivative as a hedge
against the variability of cash flows that are to be paid in connection with a recognized liability. Subsequent changes in the fair 
value of a derivative that is designated and qualifies as a cash flow hedge that is determined to be highly effective are recorded in 
“Accumulated  other  comprehensive  income”  and  are  reclassified  to  interest  expense  as  interest  payments  are  made  on  the 
Company’s variable rate debt. As of December 31, 2017, the balance in accumulated other comprehensive income relating to 
derivatives was $1,074. Any hedge ineffectiveness or changes in the fair value for any derivative not designated as a hedge is 
reported in “Other income, net” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income.

Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations:  The Company evaluates the potential impact of conditional asset retirement obligations 
on its consolidated financial statements. The term conditional asset retirement obligation refers to a legal obligation to perform an 
asset retirement activity in which the timing and/or method of settlement are conditional on a future event that may or may not be 
within the control of the entity. Thus, the timing and/or method of settlement may be conditional on a future event. Based upon 
the Company’s evaluation, no accrual of a liability for asset retirement obligations was warranted as of December 31, 2017 and 
2016.

Revenue Recognition:  The Company commences revenue recognition on its leases based on a number of factors. In most cases, 
revenue recognition under a lease begins when the lessee takes possession of or controls the physical use of the leased asset. 
Generally, this occurs on the lease commencement date. The determination of who is the owner, for accounting purposes, of the 
tenant improvements determines the nature of the leased asset and when revenue recognition under a lease begins. If the Company 
is the owner, for accounting purposes, of the tenant improvements, then the leased asset is the finished space and revenue recognition 
begins when the lessee takes possession of the finished space, typically when the improvements are substantially complete. If the 
Company concludes that the lessee is the owner, for accounting purposes, of the tenant improvements, then the leased asset is the 
unimproved space and any tenant improvement allowances funded under the lease are accounted for as lease inducements which 
are amortized as a reduction to the revenue recognized over the term of the lease. In these circumstances, the Company commences 
revenue recognition when the lessee takes possession of the unimproved space for the lessee to construct their own improvements.

The Company considers a number of factors to evaluate whether it or the lessee is the owner of the tenant improvements for 
accounting purposes. These factors include:

•  whether the lease stipulates how and on what a tenant improvement allowance may be spent;

•  whether the tenant or the Company retains legal title to the improvements;

• 

• 

the uniqueness of the improvements;

the expected economic life of the tenant improvements relative to the length of the lease;

•  who constructs or directs the construction of the improvements, and

•  whether the tenant or the Company is obligated to fund cost overruns.

The determination of who owns the tenant improvements, for accounting purposes, is subject to significant judgment. In making 
that determination, the Company considers all of the above factors. No one factor, however, necessarily establishes its determination.

Rental income, for only those leases that have fixed and measurable rent escalations, is recognized on a straight-line basis over 
the term of each lease. The difference between such rental income earned and the cash rent due under the provisions of a lease is 
recorded as deferred rent receivable and is included as a component of “Accounts and notes receivable” in the accompanying 
consolidated balance sheets.

Reimbursements from tenants for recoverable real estate taxes and operating expenses are accrued as revenue in the period the 
applicable expenditures are incurred. The Company makes certain assumptions and judgments in estimating the reimbursements 
at the end of each reporting period.

The Company records lease termination income as “Other property income” when (i) a termination letter agreement is signed, (ii) 
all of the conditions of such agreement have been fulfilled, (iii) the tenant is no longer occupying the property and (iv) collectibility 

68

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

is  reasonably  assured.  Upon  early  lease  termination,  the  Company  provides  for  losses  related  to  recognized  tenant  specific 
intangibles and other assets or adjusts the remaining useful life of the assets if determined to be appropriate. The Company recorded 
lease termination income of $2,021, $3,339 and $3,757 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The Company recorded contingent percentage rental income and percentage rental income in lieu of base rent of $4,451, $4,082
and $4,693 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company’s policy is to defer recognition 
of contingent rental income until the specified target (i.e. breakpoint) that triggers the contingent rental income is achieved.

Profits from sales of real estate are not recognized under the full accrual method until the following criteria are met: (i) a sale is 
consummated; (ii) the buyer’s initial and continuing investments are adequate to demonstrate a commitment to pay for the property; 
(iii) the Company’s receivable, if applicable, is not subject to future subordination; (iv) the Company has transferred to the buyer 
the usual risks and rewards of ownership; and (v) the Company does not have substantial continuing involvement with the property. 
The Company sold 47, 46 and 26 consolidated investment properties during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, 
respectively. Refer to Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements for further discussion.

Accounts and Notes Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:  Accounts and notes receivable balances outstanding 
include base rents, tenant reimbursements and deferred rent receivables. An allowance for the uncollectible portion of accounts 
and notes receivable is determined on a tenant-specific basis through an analysis of balances outstanding, historical bad debt levels, 
tenant creditworthiness and current economic trends. Additionally, estimates of the expected recovery of pre-petition and post-
petition  claims  with  respect  to  tenants  in  bankruptcy  are  considered  in  assessing  the  collectibility  of  the  related  receivables. 
Management’s  estimate  of  the  collectibility  of  accounts  and  notes  receivable  is  based  on  the  best  information  available  to 
management at the time of evaluation.

Rental Expense:  Rental expense associated with land and office space that the Company leases under non-cancellable operating 
leases, for only those leases that have fixed and measurable rent escalations, is recorded on a straight-line basis over the term of 
each lease. The difference between rental expense incurred on a straight-line basis and rental payments due under the provisions 
of a lease agreement is recorded as a deferred liability and is included as a component of “Other liabilities” in the accompanying 
consolidated balance sheets. See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information pertaining to these 
leases.

Loan Fees:  Loan fees are generally amortized using the effective interest method (or other methods which approximate the 
effective interest method) over the life of the related loan as a component of interest expense. Debt prepayment penalties and 
certain fees associated with exchanges or modifications of debt are expensed as incurred as a component of interest expense.

The Company presents unamortized capitalized loan fees, excluding those related to its unsecured revolving line of credit, as direct 
reductions of the carrying amounts of the related debt liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Unamortized 
capitalized loan fees attributable to the Company’s unsecured revolving line of credit are recorded in “Other assets, net” in the 
accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Income Taxes:  The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code. As a REIT, the 
Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the taxable income the Company currently distributes to its 
shareholders.

The Company records a benefit, based on the GAAP measurement criteria, for uncertain income tax positions if the result of a tax 
position meets a “more likely than not” recognition threshold. Tax returns for the calendar years 2014 through 2017 remain subject 
to examination by federal and various state tax jurisdictions.

Segment Reporting:  The Company’s chief operating decision maker, which is comprised of its Chief Executive Officer and Chief 
Operating Officer, assesses and measures the operating results of the Company’s portfolio of properties based on net operating 
income and does not differentiate properties by geography, market, size or type. Each of the Company’s investment properties is 
considered a separate operating segment, as each property earns revenue and incurs expenses, individual operating results are 
reviewed and discrete financial information is available. However, the Company’s properties are aggregated into one reportable 
segment as they have similar economic characteristics, the Company provides similar services to its tenants and the Company’s 
chief operating decision maker evaluates the collective performance of its properties.

69

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements – Prior to 2018

The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations, on a prospective basis as of October 1, 2016. This 
new guidance clarifies the definition of a business and provides a screen to determine when an integrated set of assets and activities 
is not considered a business and, thus, is accounted for as an asset acquisition as opposed to a business combination. The screen 
requires  that  when  substantially  all  of  the  fair  value  of  the  gross  assets  acquired  (or  disposed  of)  is  concentrated  in  a  single 
identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not considered a business. Under this new guidance, all of the 
acquisitions completed subsequent to October 1, 2016 met the screen and, thus, were accounted for as asset acquisitions. Consistent 
with existing guidance, transaction costs associated with asset acquisitions are capitalized while transaction costs associated with 
business combinations are expensed as incurred. The adoption of this pronouncement resulted in the Company’s acquisition of 
investment properties subsequent to October 1, 2016 qualifying as asset acquisitions and, as such, the related transaction costs of 
$725 incurred during the three months ended December 31, 2016 were capitalized. All of the acquisitions completed during 2017 
were considered asset acquisitions and, as such, transaction costs were capitalized upon closing.

The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2017-09, Compensation – Stock Compensation, on a prospective basis as of June 30, 
2017. This new pronouncement amends/clarifies guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment 
award require an entity to apply modification accounting. Under the new guidance, an entity should account for the effects of a 
modification unless all of the following are the same in the modified award as the original award immediately before the original 
award is modified: 1) the fair value; 2) the vesting conditions; and 3) the classification of the modified award as an equity instrument 
or a liability instrument. The existing disclosure requirements apply regardless of whether an entity is required to apply modification 
accounting. The adoption of this pronouncement did not have any effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows, on a retrospective basis as of December 31, 2017. 
This new guidance adds or clarifies guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash 
flows. Of the eight types of cash flows discussed in the new standard, only one impacted the Company. The classification of debt 
prepayment costs as a financing outflow impacted the Company’s consolidated statements of cash flows as these costs had previously 
been reflected as operating outflows. The adoption resulted in the reclassification of $3,863 and $837 of debt prepayment costs 
from operating outflows to financing outflows for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The Company elected to early adopt ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows, on a retrospective basis as of December 31, 2017. 
This new guidance requires amounts that are generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents to be included 
with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement 
of cash flows. As a result of the adoption, the Company now includes amounts generally described as restricted cash within the 
beginning-of-period, change and end-of-period total amounts on the statement of cash flows rather than within an activity on the 
statement of cash flows. This resulted in a decrease of $1,481 in net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended 
December 31, 2016 and decreases of $5,093 and $22,665 in net cash provided by investing activities for the years ended December 
31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements – 2018

In May 2014 with subsequent updates issued in August 2015 and March, April, May and December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 
2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. This new guidance is effective January 1, 2018 and will replace existing revenue 
recognition standards. The core principle of this standard is that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised 
goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange 
for those goods or services. The majority of the Company’s revenue follows the existing leasing guidance and will not be impacted 
by the adoption of this standard, however, the sale of investment property will be required to follow the new guidance upon 
adoption. This pronouncement allows either a full or a modified retrospective method of adoption. Expanded quantitative and 
qualitative disclosures regarding revenue recognition will be required for contracts that are subject to this guidance. The adoption 
of this pronouncement on January 1, 2018 will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements as 
the majority of  its  revenue falls outside  of the  scope of  this  guidance. The  Company  will  adopt this  guidance on  a modified 
retrospective basis and apply it to the sales of investment properties beginning January 1, 2018.

In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-05, Other Income–Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets. 
This new guidance is required to be adopted concurrently with the amendments in ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers. The new pronouncement, which adds guidance for partial sales of nonfinancial assets and clarifies the scope of Subtopic 

70

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

610-20, Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets, applies to the derecognition of all nonfinancial assets 
(including real estate) for which the counterparty is not a customer. The pronouncement requires either a retrospective or a modified 
retrospective method of adoption. The adoption of this pronouncement on January 1, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis will 
not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall. This new guidance is effective January 1, 2018 
and will require companies to disclose the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities measured at amortized cost in 
accordance  with  the  exit  price  notion,  which  is  consistent  with  the  Company’s  existing  practices,  and  will  no  longer  require 
disclosure of the methods and significant assumptions used, including any changes, to estimate fair value. In addition, companies 
will be required to disclose all financial assets and financial liabilities grouped by 1) measurement category and 2) form of financial 
instrument. The adoption of this pronouncement on January 1, 2018 will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated 
financial statements.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging. This new guidance is effective January 1, 2019, with 
early adoption permitted, and amends the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the 
presentation of hedge results in an entity’s financial statements. The Company elected to early adopt this pronouncement as of 
January 1, 2018. The new guidance eliminates the requirement to separately measure and report hedge ineffectiveness and entities 
will be required to present the earnings effect of the hedging instrument in the same income statement line item in which they 
report  the  earnings  effect  of  the  hedged  item.  In  addition,  entities  may  perform  the  initial  quantitative  assessment  of  hedge 
effectiveness at any time after hedge designation, but no later than the first quarterly effectiveness testing date, and subsequent 
assessments of hedge effectiveness may be performed qualitatively unless facts and circumstances change. Disclosure requirements 
will be modified to include a tabular disclosure related to the effect of hedging instruments on the income statement and eliminate 
the requirement to disclose the ineffective portion of the change in fair value of such instruments. The adoption of this pronouncement 
on January 1, 2018 will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the Company will 
record a cumulative effect adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income and accumulated distributions in excess of 
earnings related to eliminating the separate measurement of ineffectiveness. The amended presentation and disclosure guidance 
will be applied prospectively.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. This new guidance is effective January 1, 2019, with early adoption 
permitted, and will require lessees to recognize a liability to make lease payments and a right-of-use (ROU) asset, initially measured 
at the present value of lease payments, for both operating and financing leases. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, lessees 
will be permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset to not recognize lease liabilities and lease 
assets. Upon adoption, the Company will recognize a lease liability and an ROU asset for operating leases where it is the lessee, 
such as ground leases and office leases. The Company is in the process of evaluating the inputs required to calculate the amounts 
that will be recorded on its balance sheet for each lease. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, the Company expects to make 
an  accounting  policy  election  by  class  of  underlying  asset  to  not  recognize  lease  liabilities  and  lease  assets.  Under  this  new 
pronouncement, lessor accounting for lease components will be largely unchanged from existing GAAP. Only incremental direct 
leasing  costs  may  be  capitalized  under  the  new  guidance,  which  is  consistent  with  the  Company’s  existing  policies.  The 
pronouncement allows some optional practical expedients. The Company expects to adopt this new guidance on January 1, 2019 
and will continue to evaluate the impact of this guidance until it becomes effective.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses. This new guidance is effective January 1, 
2020, with early adoption permitted beginning January 1, 2019, and replaces the current incurred loss impairment methodology 
with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses. Financial assets that are measured at amortized cost will be required to be 
presented at the net amount expected to be collected with an allowance for credit losses deducted from the amortized cost basis. 
In  addition, an entity must  consider broader  information in  developing its  expected credit loss  estimate, including the use  of 
forecasted information. Generally, the pronouncement requires a modified retrospective method of adoption. The Company will 
continue to evaluate the impact of this guidance until it becomes effective.

71

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(3) ACQUISITIONS

The Company closed on the following acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2017:

Date

Property Name

Metropolitan
Statistical Area (MSA)

Property Type

Square
Footage

Acquisition
Price

January 13, 2017

Main Street Promenade (a)

Chicago

Multi-tenant retail

181,600

$

88,000

January 25, 2017

Boulevard at the Capital Centre –

Fee Interest

Washington, D.C.

Fee interest (b)

Additional phase of
multi-tenant retail (c)

Additional phase of
multi-tenant retail (c)

February 24, 2017

One Loudoun Downtown – Phase II

Washington, D.C.

April 5, 2017

May 16, 2017

July 6, 2017

One Loudoun Downtown – Phase III

Washington, D.C.

One Loudoun Downtown – Phase IV

Washington, D.C.

Development rights (c)

New Hyde Park Shopping Center

New York

Multi-tenant retail

August 8, 2017

One Loudoun Downtown – Phase V

Washington, D.C.

August 8, 2017

One Loudoun Downtown – Phase VI

Washington, D.C.

December 11, 2017

Plaza del Lago (d)

December 19, 2017

Southlake Town Square – Outparcel

Chicago

Dallas

Additional phase of
multi-tenant retail (c)

Additional phase of
multi-tenant retail (c)

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail
outparcel (e)

—

15,900

9,800

—

32,300

17,700

74,100

100,200

12,200

2,000

4,128

2,193

3,500

22,075

5,167

20,523

48,300

7,029

443,800

$

202,915 (f)

(a)  This property was acquired through a consolidated VIE and was used to facilitate a 1031 Exchange.

(b)  The wholly-owned multi-tenant retail operating property located in Largo, Maryland was previously subject to an approximately 70 acre 
long-term ground lease with a third party. The Company completed a transaction whereby it received the fee interest in approximately 50 
acres of the underlying land in exchange for which (i) the Company paid $1,939 and (ii) the term of the ground lease with respect to the 
remaining approximately 20 acres was shortened to nine months. The Company derecognized building and improvements of $11,347 related 
to the remaining ground lease, recognized the fair value of land received of $15,200 and recorded a gain of $2,524, which was recognized 
during the three months ended December 31, 2017 upon the expiration of the ground lease on approximately 20 acres. The total number of 
properties in the Company’s portfolio was not affected by this transaction.

(c)  The Company acquired the remaining five phases under contract, including the development rights for an additional 123 residential units 
for a total of 408 units, at its One Loudoun Downtown multi-tenant retail operating property. The total number of properties in the Company’s 
portfolio was not affected by these transactions.

(d)  Plaza del Lago also contains 8,800 square feet of residential space, comprised of 15 residential units, for a total of 109,000 square feet. 

(e)  The Company acquired a multi-tenant retail outparcel located at its Southlake Town Square multi-tenant retail operating property. The total 

number of properties in the Company’s portfolio was not affected by this transaction.

(f)  Acquisition price does not include capitalized closing costs and adjustments totaling $2,506.

The Company closed on the following acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2016:

Date

Property Name

January 15, 2016

Shoppes at Hagerstown (a)

MSA

Hagerstown

January 15, 2016

Merrifield Town Center II (a)

Washington, D.C.

March 29, 2016

Oak Brook Promenade (b)

April 1, 2016

April 29, 2016

May 5, 2016

June 15, 2016

The Shoppes at Union Hill (c)

Ashland & Roosevelt – Fee Interest

Tacoma South (b)

Eastside (b)

August 30, 2016

Woodinville Plaza – Anchor Space

Improvements

Chicago

New York

Chicago

Seattle

Dallas

Seattle

November 22, 2016

One Loudoun Downtown – Phase I

Washington, D.C.

Property Type

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Ground lease interest (d)

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Anchor space
improvements (e)

Multi-tenant retail

Square
Footage

Acquisition
Price

113,000

$

76,000

183,200

91,700

—

230,700

67,100

—

340,600

1,102,300

$

27,055

45,676

65,954

63,060

13,850

39,400

23,842

4,500

124,971

408,308

72

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(a)  These properties were acquired as a two-property portfolio. Merrifield Town Center II also contains 62,000 square feet of storage space for 

a total of 138,000 square feet.

(b)  These properties were acquired through consolidated VIEs and were used to facilitate 1031 Exchanges.  

(c)  In conjunction with this acquisition, the Company assumed mortgage debt with a principal balance of $15,971 and an interest rate of 3.75%

that matures in 2031.

(d)  The Company acquired the fee interest in an existing wholly-owned multi-tenant retail operating property located in Chicago, Illinois, which 
was previously subject to a ground lease with a third party. In conjunction with this transaction, the Company reversed the straight-line 
ground rent liability of $6,978, which is reflected as “Gain on extinguishment of other liabilities” in the accompanying consolidated statements 
of operations and other comprehensive income.

(e)  The Company acquired the anchor space improvements, which were previously subject to a ground lease with the Company, at its Woodinville 

Plaza multi-tenant retail operating property.

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company also completed a non-monetary transaction in which it received the fee 
interest in less than an acre of adjacent land and terminated the ground lease on certain undeveloped parcels at an existing wholly-
owned multi-tenant retail operating property located in Southlake, Texas in exchange for the fee interest in approximately 2.5 acres 
of undeveloped parcels. As a result of this transaction, the Company’s fee interest in certain undeveloped parcels at the property 
are no longer encumbered by the ground lease. The Company capitalized $113 of costs related to this transaction.

The Company closed on the following acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2015:

Date

Property Name

January 8, 2015

Downtown Crown

January 23, 2015

Merrifield Town Center

January 23, 2015

Fort Evans Plaza II

February 19, 2015

Cedar Park Town Center

March 24, 2015

Lake Worth Towne Crossing – Parcel

May 4, 2015

June 10, 2015

July 31, 2015

Tysons Corner

Woodinville Plaza

Southlake Town Square – Outparcel

August 27, 2015

Coal Creek Marketplace

October 27, 2015

Royal Oaks Village II – Outparcel

November 13, 2015

Towson Square

MSA

Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C.

Austin

Dallas

Washington, D.C.

Seattle

Dallas

Seattle

Houston

Baltimore

Property Type

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Land (a)

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Single-user outparcel (b)

Multi-tenant retail

Single-user outparcel (a)

Multi-tenant retail

Square
Footage

Acquisition
Price

258,000

$

162,785

84,900

228,900

179,300

—

37,700

170,800

13,800

55,900

12,300

138,200

56,500

65,000

39,057

400

31,556

35,250

8,440

17,600

6,841

39,707

1,179,800

$

463,136

(a)  The Company acquired a parcel located at its Lake Worth Towne Crossing multi-tenant retail operating property and a single-user outparcel 

located at its Royal Oaks Village II multi-tenant retail operating property.

(b)  The Company acquired a single-user outparcel located at its Southlake Town Square multi-tenant retail operating property that was subject 

to a ground lease with the Company (as lessor) prior to the transaction.

The following table summarizes the acquisition date values, before prorations, the Company recorded in conjunction with the 
acquisitions completed during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 discussed above:

Land
Building and other improvements, net
Acquired lease intangible assets (a)
Acquired lease intangible liabilities (b)
Other liabilities
Mortgages payable, net (c)

Net assets acquired

2017

2016

2015

$

$

50,876
148,108
15,608
(8,095)
(1,076)
—
205,421

$

$

106,947
268,075
41,002
(8,258)
—
(15,316)
392,450

$

$

161,114
281,649
45,474
(25,101)
—
—
463,136

(a)  The weighted average amortization period for acquired lease intangible assets is seven years, nine years and 15 years for acquisitions 

completed during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

73

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(b)  The weighted average amortization period for acquired lease intangible liabilities is 13 years, 18 years and 21 years for acquisitions completed 

during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

(c)  Includes mortgage discount of $(655) for acquisitions completed during the year ended December 31, 2016.

The above acquisitions were funded using a combination of available cash on hand, proceeds from dispositions and proceeds from 
the Company’s unsecured revolving line of credit. All of the acquisitions completed during 2017 were considered asset acquisitions 
and, as such, transaction costs were capitalized upon closing. Transaction costs related to acquisitions that were accounted for as 
business combinations totaling $913 and $1,591 for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, were expensed 
as incurred and are included in “General and administrative expenses” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations 
and other comprehensive income. In addition, total revenues of $87,161 and $97,893 and net income attributable to common 
shareholders of $22,283 and $18,334 are included in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive 
income  for  the  years  ended  December 31,  2016  and  2015,  respectively,  from  the  properties  acquired  during  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2016 and 2015 that were accounted for as business combinations.

Condensed Pro Forma Financial Information

Disclosure of pro forma financial information is required for acquisitions accounted for as business combinations, if such financial 
information is available. Pro forma financial information is provided for acquisitions accounted for as business combinations 
completed during the period, or after such period through the financial statement issuance date, as if these acquisitions had been 
completed as of the beginning of the year prior to the acquisition date. Pro forma financial information is not required for asset 
acquisitions.

The following unaudited condensed pro forma financial information is presented as if the acquisitions completed during the year 
ended December 31, 2016 were completed as of January 1, 2015 and the acquisitions completed during the year ended December 
31, 2015 were completed as of January 1, 2014. The following 2016  acquisitions have not been adjusted in the pro forma presentation 
as they were accounted for as asset acquisitions: (i) the acquisition of Phase I of One Loudoun Downtown located in the Washington, 
D.C. MSA, which was acquired on November 22, 2016 for $124,971, (ii) the acquisition of the anchor space improvements in the 
Company’s Woodinville Plaza multi-tenant retail operating property located in the Seattle MSA, which was acquired on August 
30, 2016 for $4,500 and (iii) the acquisition of the fee interest in the Company’s Ashland & Roosevelt multi-tenant retail operating 
property located in the Chicago MSA, which was acquired on April 29, 2016 for $13,850. The 2015 acquisition of a parcel at the 
Company’s Lake Worth Towne Crossing multi-tenant retail operating property located in the Dallas MSA, which was acquired on 
March 24, 2015 for $400, has not been adjusted in the pro forma presentation as it was accounted for as an asset acquisition. The 
results of operations associated with the 2015 acquisitions of Towson Square on November 13, 2015 and single-user outparcels 
at Southlake Town Square on July 31, 2015 and Royal Oaks Village II on October 27, 2015 have not been adjusted in the pro 
forma presentation due to a lack of historical financial information. Pro forma financial information is not presented for acquisitions 
completed during 2017 as they have been accounted for as asset acquisitions. These pro forma results are for comparative purposes 
only and are not necessarily indicative of what the Company’s actual results of operations would have been had the acquisitions 
occurred at the beginning of the periods presented, nor are they necessarily indicative of future operating results.

The unaudited condensed pro forma financial information is as follows:

Total revenues
Net income
Net income attributable to common shareholders
Earnings per common share – basic and diluted

Net income per common share attributable to common shareholders
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic

Variable Interest Entities

Year Ended December 31,
2015
2016

587,374
165,696
156,246

0.66
236,651

$
$
$

$

627,300
121,406
111,428

0.47
236,380

$
$
$

$

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company entered into an agreement with a qualified intermediary related to a 1031 
Exchange. The Company loaned $87,452 to the VIEs to acquire Main Street Promenade. The 1031 Exchange was completed 
during the year ended December 31, 2017 and, in accordance with applicable provisions of the Code, within 180 days after the 

74

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

acquisition date of the property. At the completion of the 1031 Exchange, the sole membership interests of the VIEs were assigned 
to the Company in satisfaction of the outstanding loan, resulting in the entities being wholly owned by the Company and no longer 
considered VIEs.

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company entered into agreements with a qualified intermediary related to three
1031 Exchanges. The Company loaned $65,419, $39,215 and $23,522 to the VIEs to acquire Oak Brook Promenade, Tacoma 
South and Eastside, respectively. Each 1031 Exchange was completed during the year ended December 31, 2016 and, accordingly, 
no agreements remained outstanding related to 1031 Exchanges as of December 31, 2016. At the completion of the 1031 Exchanges, 
the sole membership interests of the VIEs were assigned to the Company and the respective outstanding loans were extinguished, 
resulting in the entities being wholly owned by the Company and no longer considered VIEs. 

Prior to the completion of the 1031 Exchanges, the Company was deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIEs as it had the 
ability to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly impacted their economic performance and had all of the risks and 
rewards of ownership. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the VIEs. No value or income was attributed to the noncontrolling 
interests. The assets of the VIEs consisted of the investment properties that were operated by the Company.

75

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Columbia, SC

Single-user retail

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(4) DISPOSITIONS

The Company closed on the following dispositions during the year ended December 31, 2017:

Date

Property Name

Property Type

Square
Footage

Consideration

Aggregate
Proceeds, Net (a)

Gain

Single-user retail

10,900

$

500

$

332

$

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd)–Kill Devil Hills, NC Single-user retail

January 27, 2017

February 21, 2017

March 7, 2017

March 8, 2017

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd), Culver Rd. –

Rochester, NY
Shoppes at Park West

CVS Pharmacy – Sylacauga, AL

March 15, 2017

Century III Plaza – Home Depot

March 16, 2017

Village Shoppes at Gainesville

March 24, 2017

Northwood Crossing

April 4, 2017

April 4, 2017

April 4, 2017

University Town Center

Edgemont Town Center

Phenix Crossing

April 27, 2017

Brown’s Lane

May 9, 2017

May 9, 2017

May 25, 2017

May 26, 2017

May 30, 2017

May 31, 2017

June 5, 2017

June 6, 2017

June 16, 2017

June 29, 2017

June 29, 2017

June 29, 2017

June 29, 2017

July 20, 2017

July 26, 2017

July 27, 2017

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Greer, SC

Evans Towne Centre

Red Bug Village

Wilton Square

Town Square Plaza

Cuyahoga Falls Market Center

Plaza Santa Fe II

Fox Creek Village

Cottage Plaza

Magnolia Square

Cinemark Seven Bridges

Low Country Village I & II

Boulevard Plaza

Irmo Station (b)

Hickory Ridge

August 4, 2017

Lakepointe Towne Center

August 14, 2017

The Columns

August 25, 2017

Holliday Towne Center

August 25, 2017

Northwoods Center (b)

September 14, 2017

The Orchard

September 21, 2017

Lake Mary Pointe

September 22, 2017 West Town Market

September 29, 2017 Dorman Centre I & II

October 6, 2017

Forks Town Center

October 10, 2017

Placentia Town Center

October 24, 2017

Five Forks

October 27, 2017

Saucon Valley Square

December 8, 2017

Corwest Plaza

December 14, 2017

23rd Street Plaza

December 15, 2017
December 20, 2017

Century III Plaza
Page Field Commons

December 21, 2017

Quakertown (b)

Multi-tenant retail

Single-user retail

Single-user parcel

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Single-user retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Single-user retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail
Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

63,900

10,100

13,800

131,900

229,500

160,000

57,500

77,700

56,600

74,700

13,800

75,700

26,200

438,100

215,600

76,400

224,200

13,400

107,500

85,500

116,000

70,200

139,900

111,100

99,400

380,600

196,600

173,400

83,100

96,000

51,100

67,900

388,300

100,300

111,000

70,200

80,700

115,100

53,400

152,200
319,400

61,800

97,500

76,900

Multi-tenant retail

165,800

15,383

3,700

4,297

17,519

41,750

22,850

14,700

19,025

12,400

10,575

3,050

11,825

8,100

49,300

28,600

11,500

35,220

3,250

24,825

23,050

16,000

15,271

22,075

14,300

16,027

44,020

10,500

21,750

11,750

24,250

20,000

5,100

14,250

46,000

23,800

35,725

10,720

6,300

29,825

5,400

11,600
38,000

15,940

38,250

4,750

15,261

3,348

4,134

17,344

41,380

22,723

14,590

18,857

12,296

10,318

2,961

11,419

7,767

48,503

26,459

11,101

33,506

3,163

24,415

22,685

15,692

14,948

21,639

13,913

15,596

43,701

10,179

21,313

11,413

23,246

19,663

4,838

13,804

45,011

23,072

35,149

10,280

6,019

29,325

5,124

11,490
37,228

15,550

37,205

4,601

—

7,569

1,651

1,857

4,487

14,107

10,007

9,128

8,995

5,699

3,408

830

5,226

2,184

19,630

3,412

1,300

16,946

1,046

12,470

8,039

4,866

3,973

10,286

846

7,236

18,535

—

5,073

2,633

10,889

5,022

534

8,074

13,430

11,802

15,798

3,862

—

10,205

299

—
12,868

7,103

16,808

—

December 21, 2017

Bed Bath & Beyond Plaza – Miami, FL

Multi-tenant retail

December 22, 2017

High Ridge Crossing

Multi-tenant retail

December 28, 2017

Azalea Square I & Azalea Square III (c)

Multi-tenant retail

76

269,800
5,810,700

$

54,786
917,808

$

53,740
896,301

25,832
$ 333,965

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(a)  Aggregate proceeds are net of transaction costs and exclude $150 of condemnation proceeds, which did not result in any additional gain 

recognition.

(b)  As of December 31, 2017, the following disposition proceeds are temporarily restricted related to potential 1031 Exchanges and are included 

in “Other assets, net” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets:

Property Name

Irmo Station
Northwoods Center
Quakertown

Proceeds
Temporarily
Restricted

$

$

15,643
23,255
15,189
54,087

(c)  The terms of the disposition of Azalea Square I and Azalea Square III were negotiated as a single transaction.

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company also (i) received proceeds of $5 and recognized a gain of $1,486 as a 
result of the receipt of the escrow related to the disposition of Maple Tree Place on August 12, 2016 and (ii) recorded a gain of 
$2,524 upon the expiration of the ground lease related to the exchange transaction completed at Boulevard at the Capital Centre 
on January 25, 2017 (refer to Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements for further discussion of the transaction). The aggregate 
proceeds, net of closing costs, from the property dispositions and other transactions during the year ended December 31, 2017 
totaled $896,456, with aggregate gains of $337,975.

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company repaid or defeased $241,858 in mortgages payable prior to or in connection 
with the 2017 dispositions.

As of December 31, 2017, the Company had entered into a contract to sell Crown Theater, a 74,200 square foot single-user retail 
operating property located in Hartford, Connecticut. This property qualified for held for sale accounting treatment upon meeting 
all applicable GAAP criteria during the quarter ended December 31, 2017, at which time depreciation and amortization were 
ceased.  In  addition,  the  assets  and  liabilities  associated  with  this  property  are  separately  classified  as  held  for  sale  in  the 
accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017. Century III Plaza, including the Home Depot parcel, and CVS 
Pharmacy  –  Sylacauga, AL  were  classified  as  held  for  sale  as  of  December  31,  2016  and  were  sold  during  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2017.

Subsequent to December 31, 2017, the Company sold Crown Theater for consideration of $6,900.

The following table presents the assets and liabilities associated with the investment properties classified as held for sale:

Assets

Land, building and other improvements
Less accumulated depreciation
Net investment properties
Other assets

Assets associated with investment properties held for sale

Liabilities

Other liabilities

Liabilities associated with investment properties held for sale

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$

$

$
$

2,791
(27)
2,764
883
3,647

—
—

$

$

$
$

45,395
(15,769)
29,626
1,201
30,827

864
864

77

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The Company closed on the following dispositions during the year ended December 31, 2016:

Date

Property Name

Property Type

Square
Footage

Consideration

Aggregate
Proceeds, 
Net (a)

Multi-tenant retail

623,200

$

75,000

$

(6,975) $

February 1, 2016

The Gateway (b)

February 10, 2016

Stateline Station

March 30, 2016

Six Property Portfolio (c)

April 20, 2016

CVS Pharmacy – Oklahoma City, OK

June 2, 2016

June 15, 2016

June 23, 2016

July 8, 2016

July 21, 2016

July 27, 2016

July 29, 2016

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Canandaigua,
NY & Tim Horton Donut Shop (d)

Academy Sports – Midland, TX

Four Rite Aid Portfolio (e)

Broadway Shopping Center

Mid-Hudson Center

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd), Main St. –

Buffalo, NY

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Lancaster, NY

August 4, 2016

Alison’s Corner

August 5, 2016

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd), Lake Ave. –

Rochester, NY

August 12, 2016

Maple Tree Place

August 12, 2016

CVS Pharmacy – Burleson, TX

August 18, 2016

Mitchell Ranch Plaza

August 22, 2016

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd), E. Main St. –

Batavia, NY

September 9, 2016

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Lockport, NY

September 9, 2016

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd), Ferry St. –

Buffalo, NY

November 9, 2016 Walgreens – Northwoods, MO

November 23, 2016

Ten Rite Aid Portfolio (f)

December 8, 2016

Vail Ranch Plaza

December 15, 2016

Pacheco Pass Phase I & II

December 16, 2016

South Billings Center

Multi-tenant retail

Single-user retail

Single-user retail

Single-user retail

Single-user retail

Single-user retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Single-user retail

Single-user retail

Multi-tenant retail

Single-user retail

Multi-tenant retail

Single-user retail

Multi-tenant retail

Single-user retail

Single-user retail

Single-user retail

Single-user retail

Single-user retail

Multi-tenant retail

Multi-tenant retail

Development (g)

142,600

230,400

10,900

16,600

61,200

45,400

190,300

235,600

10,900

10,900

55,100

13,200

489,000

10,900

199,600

13,800

13,800

10,900

16,300

119,700

101,800

194,300

—

13,400

156,500

17,500

35,413

4,676

5,400

5,541

15,934

20,500

27,500

3,388

3,425

7,850

5,400

90,000

4,190

55,625

5,050

4,690

3,600

6,450

30,000

27,450

41,500

2,250

7,700

23,700

10,630

17,210

34,986

4,608

5,333

5,399

14,646

20,103

25,615

3,296

3,349

7,559

5,334

88,528

4,102

54,305

4,924

4,415

3,370

5,793

29,380

27,160

39,549

2,157

7,444

21,460

10,467

Gain

3,868

4,253

13,618

1,764

1,444

2,220

2,287

7,958

—

344

625

3,334

907

15,566

1,425

33,612

1,249

753

612

2,199

251

11,247

4,758

—

1,893

6,553

5,069

December 22, 2016

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Colesville, MD

Single-user retail

December 29, 2016

Commons at Royal Palm

Multi-tenant retail

December 30, 2016

CVS Pharmacy (Eckerd)–Edmond, OK &

CVS Pharmacy (Eckerd)–Norman, OK (h)

Single-user retail

27,600

3,013,900

$

540,362

$

443,517

$

127,809

(a)  Aggregate proceeds are net of transaction costs.

(b)  The property was disposed of through a lender-directed sale in full satisfaction of the Company’s $94,353 mortgage obligation. Immediately 
prior to the disposition, the lender reduced the Company’s loan obligation to $75,000 which was assumed by the buyer in connection with 
the disposition. Along with the loan reduction, the lender received the balance of the restricted escrows that they held and the rights to 
unpaid accounts receivable and forgave accrued interest, resulting in a net gain on extinguishment of debt of $13,653.

(c)  Portfolio consists of the following properties: (i) Academy Sports – Houma, LA, (ii) Academy Sports – Port Arthur, TX, (iii) Academy 
Sports – San Antonio, TX, (iv) CVS Pharmacy – Moore, OK, (v) CVS Pharmacy – Saginaw, TX and (vi) Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Olean, 
NY.

(d)  The terms of the disposition of Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Canandaigua, NY and Tim Horton Donut Shop – Canandaigua, NY were negotiated 

as a single transaction.

(e)  Portfolio consists of the following properties: (i) Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Cheektowaga, NY, (ii) Rite Aid Store (Eckerd), W. Main St. – 

Batavia, NY, (iii) Rite Aid Store (Eckerd), Union Rd. – West Seneca, NY and (iv) Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Greece, NY.

(f)  Portfolio consists of the following properties: (i) Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Chattanooga, TN, (ii) Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Yorkshire, NY, 
(iii) Rite Aid Store (Eckerd), Sheridan Dr. – Amherst, NY, (iv) Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Grand Island, NY, (v) Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – 
North Chili, NY, (vi) Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Tonawanda, NY, (vii) Rite Aid Store (Eckerd) – Irondequoit, NY, (viii) Rite Aid Store 
(Eckerd) – Hudson, NY, (ix) Rite Aid Store (Eckerd), Transit Rd. – Amherst, NY and (x) Rite Aid Store (Eckerd), Harlem Rd. – West Seneca, 
NY.

78

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(g)  South Billings Center was classified as a development property but was not under active development.

(h)  The terms of the disposition of CVS Pharmacy (Eckerd) – Edmond, OK and CVS Pharmacy (Eckerd) – Norman, OK were negotiated as a 

single transaction.

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company also disposed of a single-user outparcel for consideration of $2,639, 
received net proceeds of $2,549 and recorded a gain of $1,898 from the transaction. The aggregate proceeds, net of closing costs, 
from the property dispositions and this additional transaction totaled $446,066 with aggregate gains of $129,707.

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company defeased $10,695 in mortgages payable prior to the 2016 dispositions.

During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company sold 26 properties aggregating 3,917,200 square feet for total consideration 
of $516,444. The dispositions and a condemnation award resulted in aggregate proceeds, net of transaction costs, of $505,503 with 
aggregate gains of $121,792. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company repaid or defeased $121,605 in mortgages 
payable prior to or in connection with the 2015 dispositions.

(5) EQUITY COMPENSATION PLANS

The Company’s 2014 Long-Term Equity Compensation Plan, subject to certain conditions, authorizes the issuance of (i) incentive 
and non-qualified stock options, (ii) restricted stock and restricted stock units, (iii) stock appreciation rights and other similar 
awards as well as cash-based awards to the Company’s employees, non-employee directors, consultants and advisors in connection 
with  compensation  and  incentive  arrangements  that  may  be  established  by  the  Company’s  board  of  directors  or  executive 
management.

The following table summarizes the Company’s unvested restricted shares as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016
and 2015:

Balance as of January 1, 2015

Shares granted (a)
Shares vested
Shares forfeited

Balance as of December 31, 2015

Shares granted (a)
Shares vested
Shares forfeited (b)

Balance as of December 31, 2016

Shares granted (a)
Shares vested
Shares forfeited (b)

Balance as of December 31, 2017 (c)

Unvested
Restricted
Shares

396
801
(405)
(4)
788
274
(510)
(10)
542
285
(291)
(40)
496

Weighted Average
Grant Date Fair
Value per
Restricted Share
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$

14.26
15.82
14.89
16.01
15.52
14.76
15.38
14.70
15.28
14.60
15.44
15.12
14.81

(a)  Shares granted in 2015, 2016 and 2017 vest over periods ranging from 0.4 years to 3.4 years, 0.4 years to 3.9 years and one 

year to three years, respectively, in accordance with the terms of applicable award agreements.

(b)  Effective January 1, 2016, the Company made an accounting policy election to account for forfeitures when they occur.

(c)  As of December 31, 2017, total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted shares was $2,152, which 

is expected to be amortized over a weighted average term of 1.2 years.

In addition, during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, performance restricted stock units (RSUs) were granted 
to the Company’s executives. Following the three-year performance period, one-third of the RSUs that are earned will convert 
into shares of common stock and two-thirds will convert into restricted shares with a one year vesting term. As long as the minimum 
hurdle is achieved and the executive remains employed during the performance period, the RSUs will convert into shares of 
common stock and restricted shares at a conversion rate of between 50% and 200% based upon the Company’s Total Shareholder 
Return (TSR) as compared to that of the peer companies within the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (NAREIT) 

79

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Shopping Center Index (Peer Companies) for the respective performance period. If an executive terminates employment during 
the performance period by reason of a qualified termination, as defined in the agreement, a prorated portion of his or her outstanding 
RSUs will be eligible for conversion based upon the period in which the executive was employed during the performance period. 
If an executive terminates for any reason other than a qualified termination during the performance period, he or she would forfeit 
his or her outstanding RSUs. Following the performance period, additional shares of common stock will also be issued in an 
amount equal to the accumulated value of the dividends that would have been paid during the performance period on the shares 
of common stock and restricted shares issued at the end of the performance period divided by the then-current market price of the 
Company’s common stock. The Company calculated the grant date fair values per unit using Monte Carlo simulations based on 
the probabilities of satisfying the market performance hurdles over the remainder of the performance period.

The following table summarizes the Company’s unvested RSUs as of and for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015:

RSUs eligible for future conversion as of January 1, 2015

RSUs granted (a)
RSUs ineligible for conversion

RSUs eligible for future conversion as of December 31, 2015

RSUs granted (b)
RSUs ineligible for conversion

RSUs eligible for future conversion as of December 31, 2016

RSUs granted (c)
RSUs ineligible for conversion

RSUs eligible for future conversion as of December 31, 2017 (d) (e)

Unvested
RSUs

Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
per RSU

—
180
(6)
174
246
(29)
391
253
(89)
555

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$

—
14.19
14.10
14.20
13.85
13.56
14.02
15.52
14.68
14.60

(a)  Assumptions and inputs as of the grant dates included a weighted average risk-free interest rate of 0.80%, the Company’s historical 
common stock performance relative to the peer companies within the NAREIT Shopping Center Index and the Company’s weighted 
average common stock dividend yield of 4.26%.

(b)  Assumptions and inputs as of the grant dates included a weighted average risk-free interest rate of 0.89%, the Company’s historical 
common stock performance relative to the peer companies within the NAREIT Shopping Center Index and the Company’s weighted 
average common stock dividend yield of 4.59%.

(c)  Assumptions and inputs as of the grant date included a risk-free interest rate of 1.50%, the Company’s historical common stock 
performance relative to the peer companies within the NAREIT Shopping Center Index and the Company’s common stock dividend 
yield of 4.32%.

(d)  As of December 31, 2017, total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested RSUs was $4,099, which is expected to 

be amortized over a weighted average term of 2.3 years.

(e)  Subsequent to December 31, 2017, 141 RSUs converted into 42 shares of common stock and 65 restricted shares with a one year 
vesting term after applying a conversion rate of 76% based upon the Company’s TSR relative to the TSRs of its Peer Companies, 
for the performance period that concluded on December 31, 2017. An additional 16 shares of common stock were also issued for 
dividends that would have been paid on the common stock and restricted shares during the performance period.

During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company recorded compensation expense of $6,059, $7,209 and 
$10,755, respectively, related to the amortization of unvested restricted shares and RSUs. Included within the amortization of 
stock-based  compensation  expense  recorded  during  the  year  ended  December 31,  2017  is  the  reversal  of  $830  of  previously 
recognized compensation expense related to the forfeiture of 34 restricted shares and 89 RSUs resulting from the 2017 resignation 
of the Company’s former Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer. In addition, $30 of dividends previously paid on the forfeited 
restricted shares were reclassified from distributions paid to compensation expense. Included within the amortization of stock-
based compensation expense recorded during the year ended December 31, 2015 is compensation expense of $2,159 related to 
the accelerated vesting of 194 restricted shares in conjunction with the 2015 departures of the Company’s former Chief Financial 
Officer and Treasurer and former Executive Vice President and President of Property Management. The total fair value of restricted 
shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $4,232, $7,596 and $6,188, respectively.

Prior  to  2013,  non-employee  directors  had  been  granted  options  to  acquire  shares  under  the  Company’s Third Amended  and 
Restated Independent Director Stock Option and Incentive Plan. Options to purchase a total of 84 shares of common stock had 

80

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

been granted under the plan. As of December 31, 2017, options to purchase 38 shares of common stock remained outstanding and 
exercisable. The Company did not grant any options in 2017, 2016 or 2015 and no compensation expense related to stock options 
was recorded during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

(6) LEASES

The majority of revenues from the Company’s properties consist of rents received under long-term operating leases. In addition 
to base rent paid monthly in advance, some leases provide for the reimbursement of the tenant’s pro rata share of certain operating 
expenses incurred by the landlord including real estate taxes, special assessments, insurance, utilities, common area maintenance, 
management fees and certain capital repairs, subject to the terms of the respective lease. Certain other tenants are subject to net 
leases which provide that the tenant is responsible for fixed base rent, as well as all costs and expenses associated with occupancy. 
Under net leases, where all expenses are paid directly by the tenant rather than the landlord, such expenses are not included in the 
accompanying consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income. Under leases where all expenses are paid 
by the landlord, subject to reimbursement by the tenant, the expenses are included in “Operating expenses” or “Real estate taxes” 
and reimbursements are included in “Tenant recovery income” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and 
other comprehensive income.

In certain municipalities, the Company is required to remit sales taxes to governmental authorities based upon the rental income 
received from properties in those regions. These taxes are reimbursed by the tenant to the Company depending upon the terms of 
the applicable tenant lease. The presentation of the remittance and reimbursement of these taxes is on a gross basis with sales tax 
expenses included in “Operating expenses” and sales tax reimbursements included in “Other property income” in the accompanying 
consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income. Such taxes remitted to governmental authorities, which 
are reimbursed by tenants, were $1,414, $1,986 and $2,071 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Minimum lease payments to be received under operating leases, excluding payments under master lease agreements, additional 
percentage rent based on tenants’ sales volume and tenant reimbursements of certain operating expenses and assuming no exercise 
of renewal options or early termination rights, are as follows:

2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
Total

Minimum
Lease Payments
370,874
$
322,661
278,958
238,830
192,161
736,226
2,139,710

$

The remaining lease terms range from less than one year to more than 65 years.

Many of the leases at the Company’s retail properties contain provisions that condition a tenant’s obligation to remain open, the 
amount of rent payable by the tenant or potentially the tenant’s obligation to remain in the lease, upon certain factors, including: 
(i) the presence and continued operation of a certain anchor tenant or tenants, (ii) minimum occupancy levels at the applicable 
property or (iii) tenant sales amounts. If such a provision is triggered by a failure of any of these or other applicable conditions, a 
tenant could have the right to cease operations at the applicable property, have its rent reduced or terminate its lease early. The 
Company does not expect that such provisions will have a material impact on its future operating results.

81

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The Company leases land under non-cancellable operating leases at certain of its properties expiring in various years from 2035
to 2087, exclusive of any available option periods. In addition, the Company leases office space for certain management offices 
and its corporate offices, which were expanded during the year ended December 31, 2016 to include a regional office in Tysons 
Corner, Virginia. The following table summarizes rent expense included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations 
and other comprehensive income, including straight-line rent expense.

Ground lease rent expense (a)

Office rent expense (b)

Year Ended December 31,
2016

2017

2015

$

$

9,188

1,311

$

$

10,464

1,317

$

$

11,461

1,246

(a)  Included in “Operating expenses” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income. 
Includes straight-line ground rent expense of $2,710, $3,253 and $3,722 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, 
respectively.

(b)  Office rent expense related to property management operations is included in “Operating expenses” and office rent expense related 
to corporate office operations is included in “General and administrative expenses” in the accompanying consolidated statements 
of operations and other comprehensive income.

Minimum future rental obligations to be paid under the ground and office leases, including fixed rental increases, are as follows:

2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
Total

Minimum
Lease Obligations
6,717
$
7,084
7,220
7,338
7,368
348,246
383,973

$

(7) MORTGAGES PAYABLE

The following table summarizes the Company’s mortgages payable:

Fixed rate mortgages payable (a)

$

287,238

4.99%

5.2

$

773,395

6.31%

4.2

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Aggregate
Principal
Balance

Weighted
Average
Interest Rate

Weighted
Average Years
to Maturity

Aggregate
Principal
Balance

Weighted
Average
Interest Rate

Weighted
Average Years
to Maturity

Premium, net of accumulated amortization

Discount, net of accumulated amortization

Capitalized loan fees, net of accumulated

amortization

Mortgages payable, net

1,024

(579)

(615)

1,437

(622)

(5,026)

$

287,068

$

769,184

(a)  The fixed rate mortgages had interest rates ranging from 3.75% to 8.00% as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company repaid or defeased mortgages payable in the total amount of $481,505, 
of which $241,858 related to properties that were disposed of during the period, which had a weighted average fixed interest rate 
of 7.10%, and made scheduled principal payments of $4,652 related to amortizing loans. Included within the total repayments and 
defeasances for the year ended December 31, 2017 is the defeasance of a portfolio of mortgages payable with a principal balance 
of $379,435 as of December 31, 2016 that was cross-collateralized by 45 properties and scheduled to mature in 2019 (known as 
the IW JV portfolio of mortgages payable). The Company incurred a defeasance premium and associated fees totaling $60,198 in 
connection with this transaction, which are included within “Interest expense” in the accompanying consolidated statements of 
operations and other comprehensive income. As a result, the 45 properties that secured the mortgages payable as of December 31, 
2016 are no longer encumbered by mortgages.

82

 
RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The majority of the Company’s mortgages payable require monthly payments of principal and interest, and some of the mortgages 
require reserves for real estate taxes and certain other costs. The Company’s properties and the related tenant leases are pledged 
as collateral for its mortgages payable. At times, the Company has borrowed funds financed as part of a cross-collateralized package, 
with cross-default provisions. In those circumstances, one or more of the Company’s properties may secure the debt of another of 
the Company’s properties.

Debt Maturities

The following table shows the scheduled maturities and principal amortization of the Company’s indebtedness as of December 31, 
2017, for each of the next five years and thereafter and the weighted average interest rates by year. The table does not reflect the 
impact of any 2018 debt activity.

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Thereafter

Total

Debt:

Fixed rate debt:

Mortgages payable (a)
Fixed rate term loans (b)

Unsecured notes payable (c)

Total fixed rate debt

Variable rate debt:

Variable rate term loan and
revolving line of credit

$

$

4,166
—

—

4,166

$

25,257
—

—

25,257

3,923
—

—

3,923

$

22,820
250,000

100,000

372,820

$ 157,216
—

$

—

157,216

73,856
200,000

600,000

873,856

$

287,238
450,000

700,000

1,437,238

100,000

—

216,000

—

—

—

316,000

Total debt (d)

$ 104,166

$

25,257

$ 219,923

$ 372,820

$ 157,216

$

873,856

$ 1,753,238

Weighted average interest rate on debt:

Fixed rate debt

Variable rate debt (e)

Total

5.07%

2.93%

3.01%

7.29%

—

7.29%

4.62%

2.92%

2.95%

3.62%

—

3.62%

4.97%

—

4.97%

3.92%

—

3.92%

4.02%

2.92%

3.83%

(a)  Excludes mortgage premium of $1,024 and discount of $(579), net of accumulated amortization, as of December 31, 2017.

(b)  $250,000 of London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)-based variable rate debt has been swapped to a fixed rate through three interest rate 
swaps. The swaps effectively convert one-month floating rate LIBOR to a fixed rate of 2.00% through January 5, 2021. In addition, $200,000
of LIBOR-based variable rate debt has been swapped to a fixed rate through two interest rate swaps. The swaps effectively convert one-
month floating rate LIBOR to a fixed rate of 1.26% through November 22, 2018.

(c)  Excludes discount of $(853), net of accumulated amortization, as of December 31, 2017.

(d)  The weighted average years to maturity of consolidated indebtedness was 5.1 years as of December 31, 2017. Total debt excludes capitalized 
loan fees of $(6,744), net of accumulated amortization, as of December 31, 2017, which are included as a reduction to the respective debt 
balances.

(e)  Represents interest rates as of December 31, 2017.

The Company plans on addressing its debt maturities through a combination of proceeds from asset dispositions, capital markets 
transactions and its unsecured revolving line of credit.

83

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(8) UNSECURED NOTES PAYABLE

The following table summarizes the Company’s unsecured notes payable:

Unsecured Notes Payable

Maturity Date

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Principal
Balance

Interest Rate/
Weighted Average
Interest Rate

Principal
Balance

Interest Rate/
Weighted Average
Interest Rate

Senior notes – 4.12% due 2021

Senior notes – 4.58% due 2024

Senior notes – 4.00% due 2025

Senior notes – 4.08% due 2026

Senior notes – 4.24% due 2028

Discount, net of accumulated amortization

Capitalized loan fees, net of accumulated amortization

Notes Due 2026 and 2028

June 30, 2021

$

100,000

4.12% $

100,000

June 30, 2024

March 15, 2025

September 30, 2026

December 28, 2028

150,000

250,000

100,000

100,000

700,000

(853)

(3,399)

4.58%

4.00%

4.08%

4.24%

4.19%

150,000

250,000

100,000

100,000

700,000

(971)

(3,886)

Total

$

695,748

$

695,143

4.12%

4.58%

4.00%

4.08%

4.24%

4.19%

On September 30, 2016, the Company issued $100,000 of 4.08% senior unsecured notes due 2026 in a private placement transaction 
pursuant to a note purchase agreement it entered into with certain institutional investors on September 30, 2016. Pursuant to the 
same note purchase agreement, on December 28, 2016, the Company also issued $100,000 of 4.24% senior unsecured notes due 
2028 (Notes Due 2026 and 2028). The proceeds were used to pay down the Company’s unsecured revolving line of credit, early 
repay certain longer-dated mortgages payable and for general corporate purposes.

The  note  purchase  agreement  governing  the  Notes  Due  2026  and  2028  contains  customary  representations,  warranties  and 
covenants, and events of default. Pursuant to the terms of the note purchase agreement, the Company is subject to various financial 
covenants, including the requirement to maintain the following: (i) maximum unencumbered, secured and consolidated leverage 
ratios; (ii) a minimum interest coverage ratio; (iii) an unencumbered interest coverage ratio (as set forth in the Company’s unsecured 
credit facility and the note purchase agreement governing the Notes Due 2021 and 2024); and (iv) a fixed charge coverage ratio 
(as set forth in the Company’s unsecured credit facility).

Notes Due 2025

On March 12, 2015, the Company completed a public offering of $250,000 in aggregate principal amount of 4.00% senior unsecured 
notes due 2025 (Notes Due 2025). The Notes Due 2025 were priced at 99.526% of the principal amount to yield 4.058% to maturity. 
The proceeds were used to repay a portion of the Company’s unsecured revolving line of credit.

The indenture, as supplemented, governing the Notes Due 2025 (the Indenture) contains customary covenants and events of default. 
Pursuant to the terms of the Indenture, the Company is subject to various financial covenants, including the requirement to maintain 
the  following:  (i)  maximum  secured  and  total  leverage  ratios;  (ii)  a  debt  service  coverage  ratio;  and  (iii)  maintenance  of  an 
unencumbered assets to unsecured debt ratio.

Notes Due 2021 and 2024

On June 30, 2014, the Company completed a private placement of $250,000 of unsecured notes, consisting of $100,000 of 4.12%
senior unsecured notes due 2021 and $150,000 of 4.58% senior unsecured notes due 2024 (Notes Due 2021 and 2024). The proceeds 
were used to repay a portion of the Company’s unsecured revolving line of credit.

The  note  purchase  agreement  governing  the  Notes  Due  2021  and  2024  contains  customary  representations,  warranties  and 
covenants, and events of default. Pursuant to the terms of the note purchase agreement, the Company is subject to various financial 
covenants, some of which are based upon the financial covenants in effect in the Company’s unsecured credit facility, including 
the requirement to maintain the following: (i) maximum unencumbered, secured and consolidated leverage ratios; (ii) minimum 
interest coverage and unencumbered interest coverage ratios; and (iii) a minimum consolidated net worth.

84

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

As of December 31, 2017, management believes the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants under the Indenture 
and the note purchase agreements.

(9) UNSECURED TERM LOANS AND REVOLVING LINE OF CREDIT

The following table summarizes the Company’s term loans and revolving line of credit:

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Maturity Date

Balance

Interest
Rate

Balance

Interest
Rate

Unsecured credit facility term loan due 2021 – fixed rate (a)

January 5, 2021

$

Unsecured credit facility term loan due 2018 – variable rate

May 11, 2018

Unsecured term loan due 2023 – fixed rate (b)

November 22, 2023

Subtotal

Capitalized loan fees, net of accumulated amortization

Term loans, net

Revolving line of credit – variable rate (c)

January 5, 2020

$

$

250,000

100,000

200,000

550,000

(2,730)

547,270

3.30% $

2.93%

2.96%

250,000

200,000

—

450,000

(2,402)

$

447,598

1.97%

2.22%

—%

216,000

2.92% $

86,000

2.12%

(a)  As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, $250,000 of LIBOR-based variable rate debt has been swapped to weighted average fixed rates of 
2.00% and 0.67%, respectively, plus a credit spread based on a leverage grid ranging from 1.30% to 2.20% through January 5, 2021 and 
December 29, 2017, respectively. The applicable credit spread was 1.30% as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

(b)  As of December 31, 2017, $200,000 of LIBOR-based variable rate debt has been swapped to a fixed rate of 1.26% plus a credit spread 
based  on  a  leverage  grid  ranging  from  1.70%  to  2.55%  through  November  22,  2018.  The  applicable  credit  spread  was  1.70%  as  of 
December 31, 2017.

(c)  Excludes capitalized loan fees, which are included in “Other assets, net” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Unsecured Credit Facility

On January 6, 2016, the Company entered into its fourth amended and restated unsecured credit agreement (Unsecured Credit 
Agreement) with a syndicate of financial institutions led by KeyBank National Association serving as administrative agent and 
Wells  Fargo  Bank,  National Association  serving  as  syndication  agent  to  provide  for  an  unsecured  credit  facility  aggregating 
$1,200,000 (Unsecured Credit Facility). The Unsecured Credit Facility consists of a $750,000 unsecured revolving line of credit, 
a $250,000 unsecured term loan and a second unsecured term loan that had an outstanding balance of $200,000 at inception, of 
which the Company repaid $100,000 during the year ended December 31, 2017, and is priced on a leverage grid at a rate of LIBOR
plus a credit spread. The Company received investment grade credit ratings from Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s in 2014. In 
accordance with the Unsecured Credit Agreement, the Company may elect to convert to an investment grade pricing grid. As of 
December 31, 2017, making such an election would have resulted in a higher interest rate and, as such, the Company has not made 
the election to convert to an investment grade pricing grid.

The following table summarizes the key terms of the Unsecured Credit Facility:

Unsecured Credit Facility

$250,000 unsecured term loan

$100,000 unsecured term loan

Maturity
Date

1/5/2021

Extension
Option

Extension
Fee

Credit
Spread

Unused Fee

Credit
Spread

Facility Fee

Leverage-Based Pricing

Ratings-Based Pricing

N/A

N/A

1.30% - 2.20%

5/11/2018

2 one year

0.15%

1.45% - 2.20%

N/A

N/A

0.90% - 1.75%

1.05% - 2.05%

N/A

N/A

$750,000 unsecured revolving line of credit

1/5/2020

2 six month

0.075%

1.35% - 2.25% 0.15% - 0.25% 0.85% - 1.55% 0.125% - 0.30%

The Unsecured Credit Facility has a $400,000 accordion option that allows the Company, at its election, to increase the total credit 
facility subject to (i) customary fees and conditions including, but not limited to, the absence of an event of default as defined in 
the Unsecured Credit Agreement and (ii) the Company’s ability to obtain additional lender commitments.

The Unsecured Credit Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants, and events of default. Pursuant 
to the terms of the Unsecured Credit Agreement, the Company is subject to various financial covenants, including the requirement 

85

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

to maintain the following: (i) maximum unencumbered, secured and consolidated leverage ratios; and (ii) minimum fixed charge 
and unencumbered interest coverage ratios. As of December 31, 2017, management believes the Company was in compliance with 
the financial covenants and default provisions under the Unsecured Credit Agreement.

Term Loan Due 2023

On January 3, 2017, the Company received funding on a seven-year $200,000 unsecured term loan with a group of financial 
institutions, which closed during the year ended December 31, 2016. The Term Loan Due 2023 is priced on a leverage grid at a 
rate of LIBOR plus a credit spread. In accordance with the term loan agreement (Term Loan Agreement), the Company may elect 
to convert to an investment grade pricing grid. As of December 31, 2017, making such an election would have resulted in a higher 
interest rate and, as such, the Company has not made the election to convert to an investment grade pricing grid.

The following table summarizes the key terms of the Term Loan Due 2023:

Term Loan Due 2023
$200,000 unsecured term loan

Maturity Date
11/22/2023

Leverage-Based Pricing
Credit Spread
1.70% – 2.55%

Ratings-Based Pricing
Credit Spread
1.50% – 2.45%

The Term Loan Due 2023 has a $100,000 accordion option that allows the Company, at its election, to increase the total unsecured 
term loan up to $300,000, subject to customary fees and conditions, including the absence of an event of default as defined in the 
Term Loan Agreement.

The Term Loan Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants, and events of default, including financial 
covenants that require the Company to maintain the following: (i) maximum unencumbered, secured and consolidated leverage 
ratios; and (ii) minimum fixed charge and unencumbered interest coverage ratios. As of December 31, 2017, management believes 
the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants and default provisions under the Term Loan Agreement.

(10) DERIVATIVES

The Company’s objective in using interest rate derivatives is to manage its exposure to interest rate movements and add stability 
to interest expense. To accomplish this objective, the Company uses interest rate swaps as part of its interest rate risk management 
strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable rate amounts from a counterparty in 
exchange for the Company making fixed rate payments over the life of the agreement without exchange of the underlying notional 
amount.

As of December 31, 2017, the Company utilized five interest rate swaps to hedge the variable cash flows associated with variable 
rate debt. The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges 
is recorded in “Accumulated other comprehensive income” and is reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made 
on the Company’s variable rate debt. Over the next 12 months, the Company estimates that an additional $257 will be reclassified 
as a decrease to interest expense. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of derivatives is recognized directly in earnings.

The following table summarizes the Company’s interest rate swaps as of December 31, 2017, which effectively convert one-month 
floating rate LIBOR to a fixed rate:

Effective Date
January 3, 2017
January 3, 2017
December 29, 2017
December 29, 2017
December 29, 2017

Notional

Fixed
Interest Rate

$
$
$
$
$

100,000
100,000
100,000
100,000
50,000

1.26%
1.26%
2.00%
2.00%
2.00%

Termination Date
November 22, 2018
November 22, 2018
January 5, 2021
January 5, 2021
January 5, 2021

The Company previously had two interest rate swaps with notional amounts totaling $250,000 that matured on December 29, 
2017.

86

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table summarizes the Company’s interest rate swaps that were designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk:

Interest Rate Derivatives

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Interest rate swaps

5

2

$

450,000

$

250,000

Number of Instruments

Notional

The table below presents the estimated fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments, which are presented within 
“Other assets, net” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The valuation techniques utilized are described in Note 15 
to the consolidated financial statements.

Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:

Interest rate swaps

Fair Value

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$

1,086

$

743

The  following  table  presents  the  effect  of  the  Company’s  derivative  financial  instruments  on  the  accompanying consolidated 
statements of operations and other comprehensive income:

Derivatives in 
Cash Flow
Hedging
Relationships

Amount of Gain
Recognized in Other
Comprehensive Income
on Derivative
(Effective Portion)

2017

2016

Location of (Gain) Loss
Reclassified from
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income (AOCI)
into Income
(Effective Portion)

Amount of (Gain) Loss
Reclassified from
AOCI into Income
(Effective Portion)

2017

2016

Location of Gain
Recognized In
Income on Derivative
(Ineffective Portion
and Amount
Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing)

Amount of Loss (Gain)
Recognized in Income
on Derivative
(Ineffective Portion and
Amount Excluded from
Effectiveness Testing)

2017

2016

Interest rate swaps

$

(985) $

(399)

Interest expense

$

(633) $

408

Other income, net

$

9

$

(21)

Credit-risk-related Contingent Features

The Company has agreements with each of its derivative counterparties that contain a provision whereby if the Company defaults 
on the related indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then 
the Company could also be declared in default on its corresponding derivative obligation.

The Company’s agreements with each of its derivative counterparties also contain a provision whereby if the Company consolidates 
with, merges with or into, or transfers all or substantially all of its assets to another entity and the creditworthiness of the resulting, 
surviving or transferee entity is materially weaker than the Company’s, the counterparty has the right to terminate the derivative 
obligations. As of December 31, 2017, the Company did not have any derivatives in a net liability position and has not posted any 
collateral related to these agreements.

(11) EQUITY

In December 2012, the Company issued 5,400 shares of its 7.00% Series A cumulative redeemable preferred stock at a price of 
$25.00 per share. On December 20, 2017, the Company redeemed all 5,400 outstanding shares of its Series A preferred stock for 
cash at a redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus $0.3840 per share representing all accrued and unpaid dividends up to, but 
excluding, the redemption date. The $4,706 difference between the carrying value of $130,294 and the redemption amount of 
$135,000 represents the original underwriting discount and offering costs from 2012 and was recorded as preferred stock dividends.

In December 2015, the Company entered into an at-the-market (ATM) equity program under which it may issue and sell shares 
of its Class A common stock, having an aggregate offering price of up to $250,000, from time to time. Actual sales may depend 
on a variety of factors, including, among others, market conditions and the trading price of the Company’s Class A common stock. 
Any net proceeds are expected to be used for general corporate purposes, which may include the funding of acquisitions and 
redevelopment activities and the repayment of debt, including the Company’s unsecured revolving line of credit. The Company 
did not sell any shares under its ATM equity program during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015. As of December 31, 
2017, the Company had Class A common shares having an aggregate offering price of up to $250,000 remaining available for sale 
under its ATM equity program.

87

 
 
RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

In December 2015, the Company’s board of directors authorized a common stock repurchase program under which the Company 
may repurchase, from time to time, up to a maximum of $250,000 of shares of its Class A common stock. On December 14, 2017, 
the Company’s board of directors authorized a $250,000 increase to the common stock repurchase program. The shares may be 
repurchased in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions and are canceled upon repurchase. The timing and actual 
number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors, including price in absolute terms and in relation to the value of 
the Company’s assets, corporate and regulatory requirements, market conditions and other corporate liquidity requirements and 
priorities. The common stock repurchase program may be suspended or terminated at any time without prior notice. The Company 
did not repurchase any shares during the year ended December 31, 2015. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company 
repurchased 591 shares at an average price per share of $14.93 for a total of $8,841. During the year ended December 31, 2017, 
the Company repurchased 17,683 shares at an average price per share of $12.82 for a total of $227,102. As of December 31, 2017, 
$264,057 remained available for repurchases under the common stock repurchase program.

(12) EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table summarizes the components used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share (EPS):

Numerator:
(Loss) income from continuing operations
Gain on sales of investment properties
Net income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interest
Preferred stock dividends
Net income attributable to common shareholders
Earnings allocated to unvested restricted shares
Net income attributable to common shareholders excluding amounts

attributable to unvested restricted shares

Denominator:
Denominator for earnings per common share – basic:

Year Ended December 31,
2016

2015

2017

$

(86,484)
337,975
—
(13,867)
237,624
(513)

$

37,110
129,707
—
(9,450)
157,367
(445)

$

3,832
121,792
(528)
(9,450)
115,646
(481)

$

237,111

$

156,922

$

115,165

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding

230,747 (a)

236,651 (b)

236,380 (c)

Effect of dilutive securities:

Stock options
RSUs

Denominator for earnings per common share – diluted:

Weighted average number of common and common equivalent

shares outstanding

1 (d)
179 (e)

2 (d)
298 (f)

2 (d)
— (g)

230,927  

236,951  

236,382

(a)  Excludes 496 shares of unvested restricted common stock as of December 31, 2017, which equate to 537 shares on a weighted average 
basis for the year ended December 31, 2017. These shares will continue to be excluded from the computation of basic EPS until contingencies 
are resolved and the shares are released.

(b)  Excludes 542 shares of unvested restricted common stock as of December 31, 2016, which equate to 637 shares on a weighted average 
basis for the year ended December 31, 2016. These shares were excluded from the computation of basic EPS as the contingencies remained 
and the shares had not been released as of the end of the reporting period.

(c)  Excludes 788 shares of unvested restricted common stock as of December 31, 2015, which equate to 768 shares on a weighted average 
basis for the year ended December 31, 2015. These shares were excluded from the computation of basic EPS as the contingencies remained 
and the shares had not been released as of the end of the reporting period.

(d)  There were outstanding options to purchase 38, 41 and 53 shares of common stock as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, 
at a weighted average exercise price of $18.85, $19.25 and $19.39, respectively. Of these totals, outstanding options to purchase 32, 35 and 
45 shares of common stock as of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively, at a weighted average exercise price of $20.19, $20.55 
and $20.74, respectively, have been excluded from the common shares used in calculating diluted EPS as including them would be anti-
dilutive.

(e)  As of December 31, 2017, there were 555 RSUs eligible for future conversion upon completion of the performance periods (see Note 5 to 
the consolidated financial statements), which equate to 617 RSUs on a weighted average basis for the year ended December 31, 2017. These 
contingently issuable shares are a component of calculating diluted EPS.

88

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(f)  As of December 31, 2016, there were 391 RSUs eligible for future conversion upon completion of the performance periods, which equate 
to 367 RSUs on a weighted average basis for the year ended December 31, 2016. These contingently issuable shares are a component of 
calculating diluted EPS.

(g)  As of December 31, 2015, there were 174 RSUs eligible for future conversion upon completion of the performance period, which equate 
to 101 RSUs on a weighted average basis for the year ended December 31, 2015. These contingently issuable shares are a component of 
calculating diluted EPS.

(13) INCOME TAXES

The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT under the Code. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet a number of 
organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement to annually distribute to its shareholders at least 90% of its 
REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends paid deduction and excluding net capital gains. The Company 
intends to continue to adhere to these requirements and to maintain its REIT status. As a REIT, the Company is entitled to a 
deduction for some or all of the distributions it pays to shareholders. Accordingly, the Company is generally subject to U.S. federal 
income taxes on any taxable income that is not currently distributed to its shareholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT 
in any taxable year, it will be subject to U.S. federal income taxes and may not be able to qualify as a REIT until the fifth subsequent 
taxable year.

Notwithstanding the Company’s qualification as a REIT, the Company may be subject to certain state and local taxes on its income 
or properties. In addition, the Company’s consolidated financial statements include the operations of one wholly-owned subsidiary 
that has jointly elected to be treated as a TRS and is subject to U.S. federal, state and local income taxes at regular corporate tax 
rates. The Company did not record any income tax expense related to the TRS for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 
2015. As a REIT, the Company may also be subject to certain U.S. federal excise taxes if it engages in certain types of transactions.

Deferred income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized 
for the estimated future consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing 
assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted rates in effect for 
the year in which these temporary differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it 
is more likely than not that they will be realized based on consideration of available evidence, including future reversal of existing 
taxable  temporary  differences,  the  magnitude  and  timing  of  future  projected  taxable  income  and  tax  planning  strategies. The 
Company believes that it is not more likely than not that its net deferred tax asset will be realized in future periods and therefore, 
has recorded a valuation allowance for the balance, resulting in no effect on the consolidated financial statements.

The Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 were as follows:

Deferred tax assets:
Basis difference in properties
Capital loss carryforward
Net operating loss carryforward
Other
Gross deferred tax assets
Less: valuation allowance
Total deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities:
Other

Net deferred tax assets

2017

2016

$

$

2
5,751
6,125
469
12,347
(12,347)
—

—
—

$

$

—
9,628
10,677
870
21,175
(21,175)
—

—
—

The Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities result from the activities of the TRS. As of December 31, 2017, the TRS had a 
capital loss carryforward and a federal net operating loss carryforward of $27,385 and $29,169, respectively, which if not utilized, 
will begin to expire in 2019 and 2031, respectively.

Differences between net income from the consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income and the Company’s 
taxable income primarily relate to the recognition of sales of investment properties, impairment charges recorded on investment 
properties and the timing of both revenue recognition and investment property depreciation and amortization.

89

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table reconciles the Company’s net income to REIT taxable income before the dividends paid deduction for the 
years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015:

Net income attributable to the Company
Book/tax differences

REIT taxable income subject to 90% dividend requirement

2017

2016

2015

$

$

251,491
(59,220)
192,271

$

$

166,817
(50,950)
115,867

$

$

125,096
2,344
127,440

The Company’s dividends paid deduction for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 is summarized below:

Distributions
Less: non-dividend distributions
Total dividends paid deduction attributable to earnings and profits

2017

2016

2015

$

$

192,271
—
192,271

$

$

166,285
(50,418)
115,867

$

$

166,064
(38,624)
127,440

A summary of the tax characterization per share of the distributions to shareholders of the Company’s preferred stock and common 
stock for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 follows:

Preferred stock
Ordinary dividends
Non-dividend distributions
Capital gain distributions

Total distributions per share

Common stock
Ordinary dividends
Non-dividend distributions
Capital gain distributions

Total distributions per share

2017

2016

2015

$

$

$

$

1.62
—
0.07
1.69

0.76
—
0.03
0.79

$

$

$

$

1.75
—
—
1.75

0.45
0.21
—
0.66

$

$

$

$

1.75
—
—
1.75

0.50
0.16
—
0.66

The Company records a benefit for uncertain income tax positions if the result of a tax position meets a “more likely than not” 
recognition threshold. No liabilities have been recorded as of December 31, 2017 or 2016 as a result of this provision. The Company 
expects no significant increases or decreases in unrecognized tax benefits due to changes in tax positions within one year of 
December 31, 2017. Returns for the calendar years 2014 through 2017 remain subject to examination by federal and various state 
tax jurisdictions.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the “Tax Cuts and 
Jobs Act” (TCJA). The TCJA makes broad and complex changes to the Code and establishes new tax laws that include, but are 
not limited to, the following: (i) reduction of the U.S. federal corporate tax rate; (ii) elimination of the corporate alternative minimum 
tax; (iii) limitation on deductible interest expense in certain circumstances; (iv) limitations on the deductibility of certain executive 
compensation; and (v) limitations on the use of net operating loss deductions. The changes made to the Code as a result of the 
TCJA will be applicable to the Company’s tax filings for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017. The Company has completed 
its accounting for the income tax effects under the TCJA that are relevant to the Company and required to be recorded and disclosed 
pursuant to FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes, using estimates based on reasonable and supportable assumptions and available inputs 
and underlying information as of the reporting date. The Company considers its accounting as of December 31, 2017 final relative 
to the enactment of the TCJA and there are no provisional amounts.

90

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(14) PROVISION FOR IMPAIRMENT OF INVESTMENT PROPERTIES

As of December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company identified indicators of impairment at certain of its properties. Such 
indicators included a low occupancy rate, difficulty in leasing space and related cost of re-leasing, financially troubled tenants or 
reduced anticipated holding periods. The following table summarizes the results of these analyses as of December 31, 2017, 2016
and 2015:

2017

December 31,
2016

2015

Number of properties for which indicators of impairment were identified
Less: number of properties for which an impairment charge was recorded
Less: number of properties that were held for sale as of the date the analysis was performed

for which indicators of impairment were identified but no impairment charge was recorded

Remaining properties for which indicators of impairment were identified but

no impairment charge was considered necessary

6
1

1

4

(a)

7
2

2

3

(b)

3
—

—

3

Weighted average percentage by which the projected undiscounted cash flows exceeded

its respective carrying value for each of the remaining properties (c)

14%

21%

42%

(a)  Includes three properties which have subsequently been sold as of December 31, 2017.

(b)  Includes one property which has subsequently been sold as of December 31, 2017.

(c)  Based upon the estimated holding period for each asset where an undiscounted cash flow analysis was performed.

The Company recorded the following investment property impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2017:

Property Name
Century III Plaza, excluding the Home Depot parcel (a)
Lakepointe Towne Center (b)
Saucon Valley Square (c)
Schaumburg Towers (d)
High Ridge Crossing (e)
Home Depot Plaza (f)

Property Type
Multi-tenant retail
Multi-tenant retail
Multi-tenant retail
Office
Multi-tenant retail
Multi-tenant retail

Impairment Date
Various (a)
June 30, 2017
September 30, 2017
September 30, 2017
December 22, 2017
December 31, 2017

Square
Footage

152,200
196,600
80,700
895,400
76,900
135,600

Provision for
Impairment of
Investment
Properties

$

$

3,304
9,958
184
45,638
3,480
4,439
67,003

Estimated fair value of impaired properties as of impairment date $

107,400

(a)  The Company recorded an impairment charge on June 30, 2017 based upon the terms and conditions of a bona fide purchase offer and 
additional impairment was recognized upon sale pursuant to the terms and conditions of an executed sales contract. This property was 
classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2016 and was sold on December 15, 2017. The Home Depot parcel of Century III Plaza was 
sold on March 15, 2017.

(b)  The Company recorded an impairment charge based upon the terms and conditions of an executed sales contract. This property was classified 

as held for sale as of June 30, 2017 and was sold on August 4, 2017.

(c)  The Company recorded an impairment charge based upon the terms and conditions of an executed sales contract. This property was classified 

as held for sale as of September 30, 2017 and was sold on October 27, 2017.

(d)  The Company recorded an impairment charge based upon the terms and conditions of a bona fide purchase offer.

(e)  The Company recorded an impairment charge based upon the terms and conditions of an executed sales contract. The property was sold on 

December 22, 2017.

(f)  The Company recorded an impairment charge based upon the terms and conditions of an executed sales contract. 

91

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The Company recorded the following investment property impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2016:

Square
Footage

Provision for
Impairment of
Investment
Properties

— $

235,600
80,700
74,200
10,900

$

3,007
4,142
4,742
5,985
2,500
20,376

40,850

Property Name

South Billings Center (a)
Mid-Hudson Center (b)
Saucon Valley Square (c)
Crown Theater (d)
Rite Aid Store (Eckerd), Culver Rd.–Rochester, NY (e)

Property Type
Development
Multi-tenant retail
Multi-tenant retail
Single-user retail
Single-user retail

Impairment Date
Various (a)
June 30, 2016
September 30, 2016
December 31, 2016
December 31, 2016

Estimated fair value of impaired properties as of impairment date $

(a)  An impairment charge was recorded on March 31, 2016 based upon the terms and conditions of an executed sales contract, which was 
subsequently terminated. The property, which was not under active development, was sold on December 16, 2016 and additional impairment 
was recognized pursuant to the terms and conditions of an executed sales contract.

(b)  The Company recorded an impairment charge based upon the terms and conditions of an executed sales contract. This property was classified 

as held for sale as of June 30, 2016 and was sold on July 21, 2016.

(c)  The Company recorded an impairment charge driven by a change in the estimated holding period for the property.

(d)  The Company recorded an impairment charge upon re-evaluating the strategic alternatives for the property.

(e)  The Company recorded an impairment charge based upon the terms and conditions of a bona fide purchase offer. This property was sold 

on January 27, 2017.

The Company recorded the following investment property impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2015:

Provision for
Impairment of
Investment
Properties

$

$

2,289
1,655
169
2,484
13,340
19,937

43,720

Property Name

Massillon Commons (a)
Traveler’s Office Building (a)
Shaw’s Supermarket (a)
Southgate Plaza (a)
Bellevue Mall (a)

Property Type
Multi-tenant retail
Single-user office
Single-user retail
Multi-tenant retail
Development

Impairment Date
June 4, 2015
June 30, 2015
August 6, 2015
December 18, 2015
December 31, 2015

Square
Footage

245,900
50,800
65,700
86,100
369,300

Estimated fair value of impaired properties as of impairment date $

(a)  The Company recorded impairment charges based upon the terms and conditions of an executed sales contract for the respective properties, 

which were sold during 2015.

The Company provides no assurance that material impairment charges with respect to its investment properties will not occur in 
future periods.

92

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(15) FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments:

Financial assets:
Derivative asset
Financial liabilities:

Mortgages payable, net
Unsecured notes payable, net
Unsecured term loans, net
Unsecured revolving line of credit

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Carrying
Value

Fair Value

Carrying
Value

Fair Value

$

$
$
$
$

1,086

287,068
695,748
547,270
216,000

$

$
$
$
$

1,086

298,635
693,823
552,555
216,222

$

$
$
$
$

743

769,184
695,143
447,598
86,000

$

$
$
$
$

743

833,210
679,212
450,421
86,130

The carrying value of the derivative asset is included in “Other assets, net” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Fair Value Hierarchy

A fair value measurement is based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability in an 
orderly transaction. The hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value are as follows:

•  Level 1 Inputs – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•  Level 2 Inputs – Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

•  Level 3 Inputs – Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement 

and unobservable.

When inputs used to measure fair value fall within different levels of the hierarchy, the level within which the fair value measurement 
is categorized is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents the Company’s financial instruments, which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, by the 
level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall. Methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value 
of these instruments are described after the table.

December 31, 2017
Derivative asset

December 31, 2016
Derivative asset

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

Fair Value

$

$

—

—

$

$

1,086

743

$

$

—

—

$

$

1,086

743

Derivative asset:  The fair value of the derivative asset is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis on the expected future 
cash flows of each derivative. This analysis utilizes observable market data including forward yield curves and implied volatilities 
to determine the market’s expectation of the future cash flows of the variable component. The fixed and variable components of 
the derivative are then discounted using calculated discount factors developed based on the LIBOR swap rate and are aggregated 
to arrive at a single valuation for the period. The Company also incorporates credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect 
both its own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. Although 
the Company has determined that the majority of the inputs used to value its derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value 
hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with its derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit 

93

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by itself and its counterparties. However, as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the 
Company has assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of its derivative 
positions and has determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation. As a result, the 
Company has determined that its derivative valuations in their entirety are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. In 
adjusting the fair value of its derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, the Company has considered any applicable 
credit  enhancements.  The  Company’s  derivative  instruments  are  further  described  in  Note 10  to  the  consolidated  financial 
statements.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of December 31, 2017 and 
2016, aggregated by the level within the fair value hierarchy in which those measurements fall. The table includes information 
related to properties remeasured to fair value during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, except for those properties 
sold prior to December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of these assets 
are described after the table.

December 31, 2017
Investment properties

December 31, 2016
Investment properties

Fair Value

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

$

$

—

—

$

$

74,250 (b) $

—

$

74,250

500 (c) $

10,600 (d) $

11,100

Provision for
Impairment (a)

$

$

50,077

13,227

(a)  Excludes impairment charges recorded on investment properties sold prior to December 31, 2017.

(b)  Represents the fair value of the Company’s Schaumburg Towers and Home Depot Plaza investment properties. The estimated fair value of 
Schaumburg Towers was based on an expected sales price of $87,600 from a bona fide purchase offer, determined to be a Level 2 input, 
which contemplates historically deferred maintenance and capital requirements. The estimated fair value of $58,000 as of September 30, 
2017, the date the asset was measured at fair value, reflects (i) capital expenditures expected to be incurred by the Company prior to sale 
and (ii) tenant-related costs expected to be credited to the buyer at close. The estimated fair value of Home Depot Plaza of $16,250 as of 
December 31, 2017, the date the asset was measured at fair value, is based upon the expected sales price for an executed sales contract and 
determined to be a Level 2 input.  

(c)  Represents the fair value of the Company’s Rite Aid Store (Eckerd), Culver Rd. investment property as of December 31, 2016, the date the 
asset was measured at fair value. The estimated fair value of Rite Aid Store (Eckerd), Culver Rd. was based upon the expected sales price 
from a bona fide purchase offer and determined to be a Level 2 input.

(d)  Represents the fair values of the Company’s Crown Theater and Saucon Valley Square investment properties. The estimated fair values of 
Crown Theater and Saucon Valley Square of $4,000 and $6,600, respectively, were determined using the income approach. The income 
approach involves discounting the estimated income stream and reversion (presumed sale) value of a property over an estimated holding 
period to a present value at a risk-adjusted rate. Discount rates, growth assumptions and terminal capitalization rates utilized in this approach 
are derived from property-specific information, market transactions and other financial and industry data. The terminal capitalization rate 
and discount rate are significant inputs to this valuation. The following were the key Level 3 inputs used in estimating the fair values of 
Crown Theater as of December 31, 2016 and Saucon Valley Square as of September 30, 2016, the date the assets were measured at fair 
value:

Rental growth rates
Operating expense growth rates
Discount rates
Terminal capitalization rates

2016

Low
Varies (i)
3.10%
9.35%
8.35%

High
Varies (i)
18.02%
10.00%
9.50%

(i)  Since cash flow models are established at the tenant level, projected rental revenue growth rates fluctuate over the 
course of the estimated holding period based upon the timing of lease rollover, amount of available space and other 
property and space-specific factors.

94

 
 
 
 
RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Fair Value Disclosures

The following table presents the Company’s financial liabilities, which are measured at fair value for disclosure purposes, by the 
level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall. Methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value 
of these instruments are described after the table.

December 31, 2017
Mortgages payable, net
Unsecured notes payable, net
Unsecured term loans, net
Unsecured revolving line of credit

December 31, 2016
Mortgages payable, net
Unsecured notes payable, net
Unsecured term loan, net
Unsecured revolving line of credit

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

Fair Value

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

—
243,183
—
—

—
234,700
—
—

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

—
—
—
—

—
—
—
—

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

298,635
450,640
552,555
216,222

833,210
444,512
450,421
86,130

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

298,635
693,823
552,555
216,222

833,210
679,212
450,421
86,130

Mortgages payable, net:  The Company estimates the fair value of its mortgages payable by discounting the anticipated future 
cash flows of each instrument at rates currently offered to the Company by its lenders for similar debt instruments of comparable 
maturities. The rates used are not directly observable in the marketplace and judgment is used in determining the appropriate rate 
for each of the Company’s individual mortgages payable based upon the specific terms of the agreement, including the term to 
maturity, the quality and nature of the underlying property and its leverage ratio. The rates used range from 3.5% to 4.2% and 
2.9% to 4.6% as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Unsecured notes payable, net:  The quoted market price as of December 31, 2017 was used to value the Notes Due 2025. The 
Company estimates the fair value of its Notes Due 2021 and 2024 and Notes Due 2026 and 2028 by discounting the future cash 
flows at rates currently offered to the Company by its lenders for similar debt instruments of comparable maturities. The rates used 
are not directly observable in the marketplace and judgment is used in determining the appropriate rates. The weighted average 
rates used were 4.28% and 4.48% as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Unsecured term loans, net:  The Company estimates the fair value of its unsecured term loans, net by discounting the anticipated 
future cash flows related to the credit spreads at rates currently offered to the Company by its lenders for similar instruments of 
comparable maturities. The rates used are not directly observable in the marketplace and judgment is used in determining the 
appropriate rates. The weighted average rates used to discount the credit spreads were 1.33% and 1.30% as of December 31, 2017
and 2016, respectively.

Unsecured revolving line of credit:  The Company estimates the fair value of its unsecured revolving line of credit by discounting 
the anticipated future cash flows related to the credit spreads at rates currently offered to the Company by its lenders for similar 
facilities of comparable maturity. The rates used are not directly observable in the marketplace and judgment is used in determining 
the appropriate rates. The rate used to discount the credit spreads was 1.30% as of December 31, 2017 and 2016.

There were no transfers between the levels of the fair value hierarchy during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

(16) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

On December 1, 2014, the Company formed a wholly-owned captive insurance company, Birch Property and Casualty LLC (Birch), 
which  insures  the  Company’s  first  layer  of  property  and  general  liability  insurance  claims  subject  to  certain  limitations. The 
Company capitalized Birch in accordance with the applicable regulatory requirements and Birch established annual premiums 
based on projections derived from the past loss experience of the Company’s properties.

As of December 31, 2017, the Company had letters of credit outstanding totaling $9,645 that serve as collateral for certain capital 
improvements and performance obligations on certain redevelopment projects, which will be satisfied upon completion of the 
projects, and reduced the available borrowings on its unsecured revolving line of credit.

95

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

As of December 31, 2017, the Company had active redevelopments at Reisterstown Road Plaza located in Baltimore, Maryland 
and Towson Circle located in Towson, Maryland. The Company estimates that it will incur net costs of approximately $9,500 to 
$10,500 related to the Reisterstown Road Plaza redevelopment and approximately $33,000 to $35,000 related to the Towson Circle 
redevelopment, of which $7,133 and $13,461, respectively, has been incurred as of December 31, 2017.

(17) LITIGATION

The Company is subject, from time to time, to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. 
While  the  resolution  of  such  matters  cannot  be  predicted  with  certainty,  management  believes,  based  on  currently  available 
information, that the final outcome of such matters will not have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements of the 
Company.

(18) SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Subsequent to December 31, 2017, the Company:

• 

• 

• 

• 

closed on the disposition of Crown Theater, a 74,200 square foot single-user retail operating property located in Hartford, 
Connecticut, which was classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2017, for a sales price of $6,900 with an anticipated 
gain on sale;

granted 99 restricted shares at a grant date fair value of $13.34 per share and 268 RSUs at a grant date fair value of $14.13
per RSU to the Company’s executives in conjunction with its long-term equity compensation plan. The restricted shares 
will vest over three years and the RSUs granted are subject to a three-year performance period. Refer to Note 5 to the 
consolidated financial statements for additional details regarding the terms of the RSUs;

issued 42 shares of common stock and 65 restricted shares with a one year vesting term for the RSUs with a performance 
period that concluded on December 31, 2017. An additional 16 shares of common stock were also issued for dividends 
that would have been paid on the common stock and restricted shares during the performance period; and

declared the cash dividend for the first quarter of 2018 of $0.165625 per share on its outstanding Class A common stock, 
which will be paid on April 10, 2018 to Class A common shareholders of record at the close of business on March 27, 
2018.

On February 6, 2018, the Company’s board of directors appointed Julie M. Swinehart as the Company’s Executive Vice President, 
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer. Ms. Swinehart has served as the Company’s Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting 
Officer since 2015 and as the Company’s principal accounting officer since 2013. She has also held various accounting and financial 
reporting positions with the Company since 2008.

96

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(19) QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

The following table sets forth selected quarterly financial data for the Company:

Total revenues

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders

Net income (loss) per common share attributable to common

shareholders – basic and diluted

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – diluted

Total revenues

Net income

Net income attributable to common shareholders

Net income per common share attributable to common

shareholders – basic and diluted

Dec 31

126,588

109,924

103,144

0.46

2017

Sep 30

130,519

35,904

33,542

0.15

$

$

$

$

Jun 30

137,339

114,763

112,400

0.48

$

$

$

$

Mar 31

143,693

(9,100)

(11,462)

(0.05)

$

$

$

$

222,942

229,508

234,243

236,294

223,095

230,104

234,818

236,294

2016

Dec 31

Sep 30

Jun 30

Mar 31

142,752

18,295

15,932

0.07

$

$

$

$

144,526

72,494

70,132

0.30

$

$

$

$

147,226

28,602

26,239

0.11

$

$

$

$

148,639

47,426

45,064

0.19

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – basic

236,528

236,783

236,716

236,578

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding – diluted

236,852

237,108

236,902

236,680

97

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Schedule II
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
For the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 
(in thousands)

Year ended December 31, 2017

Allowance for doubtful accounts
Tax valuation allowance

Year ended December 31, 2016

Allowance for doubtful accounts
Tax valuation allowance

Year ended December 31, 2015

Allowance for doubtful accounts
Tax valuation allowance

Balance at
beginning
of year

Charged to
costs and
expenses

Write-offs

Balance at
end of year

$
$

$
$

$
$

6,886
21,175

7,910
23,618

7,497
20,355

2,143
(8,828)

2,466
(2,443)

3,069
3,263

(2,462)
—

(3,490)
—

(2,656)
—

$
$

$
$

$
$

6,567
12,347

6,886
21,175

7,910
23,618

98

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Schedule III
Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation
December 31, 2017
(in thousands)

Initial Cost (A)

Gross amount carried at end of period

Encumbrance

Land

Buildings and
Improvements

Adjustments
to Basis (C)

Land and
Improvements

Buildings and
Improvements
(D)

Total (B),
(D)

Accumulated
Depreciation 
(E)

Date
Constructed

815

13,850

21,052

13,850

21,894

35,744

9,935

2002

Date
Acquired

05/05

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

842

70

313

4,573

4,530

9,497

11,901

4,573

4,530

9,567

14,140

1,148

2005

11/14

12,214

16,744

5,436

2000-2002

07/05

15,261

114,703

(48,721)

15,261

65,982

81,243

25,126

2004

09/04

45,300

23,923

13,000

19,000

8,500

1,775

5,023

16,700

12,000

2,919

10,200

3,000

750

26,657

13,829

47,559

7,868

368

9,590

8,406

17,139

16,060

7,026

12,382

22,775

35,887

13,281

26,178

18,736

1,958

2,456

1,182

226

3,683

5,800

178

3,197

1,409

—

99

45,300

23,923

13,000

18,700

8,500

1,775

5,023

16,700

12,000

34,525

79,825

15,146

1977/2004

04/05

14,197

38,120

1,961

2013

57,149

70,149

22,002

2004

25,845

44,545

10,784

2005

18,516

27,016

8,281

2004

02/15

12/06

02/06

05/05

8,208

9,983

3,769

2003-2004

04/05

12,608

17,631

1,164

1991

26,458

43,158

10,685

1997

41,687

53,687

18,040

1999

2,919

13,459

16,378

2,286

1999

10,200

29,375

39,575

14,014

2004

3,000

750

20,145

23,145

9,873

1996-1997

07/04

1,958

2,708

903

1999

05/05

08/15

05/06

04/05

10/13

12/04

Property Name

Ashland & Roosevelt

Chicago, IL
Avondale Plaza
Redmond, WA

Bed Bath & Beyond Plaza

Westbury, NY

Boulevard at the Capital Centre (a)

Largo, MD
The Brickyard
Chicago, IL

Cedar Park Town Center

Cedar Park, TX

Central Texas Marketplace

Waco, TX
Centre at Laurel
Laurel, MD

Chantilly Crossing
Chantilly, VA
Clearlake Shores
Clear Lake, TX

Coal Creek Marketplace

Newcastle, WA

Colony Square

Sugar Land, TX

The Commons at Temecula

Temecula, CA

Coppell Town Center

Coppell, TX

Coram Plaza
Coram, NY
Cranberry Square

Cranberry Township, PA

CVS Pharmacy
Lawton, OK

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Schedule III
Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation
December 31, 2017
(in thousands)

Initial Cost (A)

Gross amount carried at end of period

Property Name

Cypress Mill Plaza

Cypress, TX

Davis Towne Crossing

North Richland Hills, TX

Denton Crossing
Denton, TX

Downtown Crown

Gaithersburg, MD
East Stone Commons

Kingsport, TN

Eastside

Richardson, TX

Eastwood Towne Center

Lansing, MI

Edwards Multiplex

Fresno, CA

Edwards Multiplex

Ontario, CA
Fairgrounds Plaza
Middletown, NY

Fordham Place
Bronx, NY

Fort Evans Plaza II
Leesburg, VA

Fullerton Metrocenter

Fullerton, CA

Galvez Shopping Center

Galveston, TX

Gardiner Manor Mall
Bay Shore, NY
Gateway Pavilions
Avondale, AZ
Gateway Plaza

Southlake, TX

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Encumbrance

Land

Buildings and
Improvements

Adjustments
to Basis (C)

Land and
Improvements

4,962

1,850

6,000

9,976

5,681

179

1,184

43,434

13,586

4,962

1,671

6,000

Buildings and
Improvements
(D)

Total (B),
(D)

Accumulated
Depreciation 
(E)

Date
Constructed

10,155

15,117

1,890

2004

Date
Acquired

10/13

7,044

8,715

3,358

2003-2004

06/04

57,020

63,020

26,483

2003-2004

10/04

43,367

110,785

2,080

43,367

112,865

156,232

12,743

2014

2,900

4,055

28,714

17,620

(200)

77

2,826

4,055

28,588

31,414

11,947

2005

17,697

21,752

1,232

2008

12,000

65,067

5,806

12,000

70,873

82,873

34,051

2002

—

11,800

35,421

33,098

—

—

—

35,421

35,421

16,450

1988

11,800

33,098

44,898

15,370

1997

01/15

06/06

06/16

05/04

05/05

05/05

4,800

13,490

4,716

5,431

17,575

23,006

7,983

2002-2004

01/05

17,209

16,118

96,547

44,880

273

383

17,209

16,118

96,820

114,029

14,581

Redev: 2009

11/13

45,263

61,381

5,620

2008

—

47,403

3,301

—

50,704

50,704

24,714

1988

1,250

5,342

6,592

2,443

2004

12,348

56,991

69,339

7,591

2000

9,880

56,618

66,498

26,984

2003-2004

12/04

—

31,875

31,875

14,711

2000

07/04

01/15

06/04

06/05

06/14

1,250

34,930

12,348

—

—

9,880

—

4,947

56,199

55,195

26,371

395

792

1,423

5,504

100

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Schedule III
Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation
December 31, 2017
(in thousands)

Initial Cost (A)

Gross amount carried at end of period

Property Name

Gateway Station

College Station, TX
Gateway Station II & III
College Station, TX

Gateway Village
Annapolis, MD

Gerry Centennial Plaza

Oswego, IL

Governor's Marketplace

Tallahassee, FL
Grapevine Crossing
Grapevine, TX

Green's Corner

Cumming, GA
Gurnee Town Center

Gurnee, IL

Henry Town Center
McDonough, GA

Heritage Square
Issaquah, WA

Heritage Towne Crossing

Euless, TX

Home Depot Center
Pittsburgh, PA
Home Depot Plaza

Orange, CT
HQ Building

San Antonio, TX
Huebner Oaks Center
San Antonio, TX

Humblewood Shopping Center

Humble, TX

Jefferson Commons

Newport News, VA

Encumbrance

Land

Buildings and
Improvements

Adjustments
to Basis (C)

Land and
Improvements

Buildings and
Improvements
(D)

Total (B),
(D)

Accumulated
Depreciation 
(E)

Date
Constructed

Date
Acquired

5,142

6,192

2,357

2003-2004

12/04

11,701

14,981

4,287

2006-2007

05/07

—

—

34,069

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

10,695

—

—

—

—

1,050

3,280

8,550

5,370

—

4,100

3,200

7,000

10,650

6,377

3,065

—

9,700

5,200

18,087

2,200

23,097

3,911

11,557

39,298

12,968

30,377

16,938

8,663

35,147

46,814

11,385

10,729

16,758

1,231

144

5,744

9,374

3,360

391

898

4,281

5,175

2,223

1,524

—

17,137

(11,214)

10,010

64,731

12,823

52,762

4,212

1,768

1,172

2,978

101

1,050

3,280

8,550

5,370

7,561

5,200

45,042

53,592

21,469

1996

22,342

27,712

8,367

2006

—

33,737

33,737

16,312

2001

3,894

3,200

7,000

17,535

21,429

8,040

2001

9,561

12,761

4,339

1997

39,428

46,428

18,533

2000

10,650

51,989

62,639

23,838

2002

6,377

3,065

13,608

19,985

1,837

1985

12,253

15,318

6,195

2002

—

16,758

16,758

7,680

1996

07/04

06/07

08/04

04/05

12/04

10/04

12/04

02/14

03/04

06/05

06/05

8,062

15,623

—

1992

14,222

19,422

6,498

Redev: 2004

12/05

18,087

66,499

84,586

8,533

1996

06/14

2,200

13,995

16,195

5,861

Renov: 2005

11/05

23,097

55,740

78,837

19,879

2005

02/08

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Schedule III
Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation
December 31, 2017
(in thousands)

Initial Cost (A)

Gross amount carried at end of period

Encumbrance

Land

Buildings and
Improvements

Adjustments
to Basis (C)

Land and
Improvements

Buildings and
Improvements
(D)

Total (B),
(D)

Accumulated
Depreciation 
(E)

Date
Constructed

14,295

24,989

39,284

3,539

2004

Date
Acquired

06/14

74,612

(10,897)

12,555

63,715

76,270

29,587

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

14,446

3,710

16,005

6,600

12,555

38,329

13,000

7,423

4,710

4,317

14,700

3,300

18,678

28,797

4,390

14,568

15,100

23,932

19,144

37,744

30,910

906

(148)

5,374

9,145

17,772

605

46,482

23,064

799

(8)

16,265

2,200

83,276

39,738

12,195

36,496

14,698

11,313

5,562

53

8,447

3,642

600

22

793

44

33,987

6,967

102

3,710

18,996

22,706

8,504

2005

11/05

16,005

43,118

59,123

20,830

1996/1999

01/04

6,600

40,055

46,655

15,528

2005

06/06

06/04

06/14

1998/2002-
2003
1997

18,377

56,706

2,542

69,436

82,546

30,012

2001-2004

09/05

799

8,214

657

2005

08/05

18,465

23,175

9,290

1995-1996

02/04

83,329

87,646

3,104

2003 & 2014

01/17

14,700

48,185

62,885

21,000

1994-1995

08/04

3,300

15,837

19,137

7,616

2003-2004

11/04

37,096

55,774

4,179

2008

14,720

43,517

4,390

12,106

16,496

5,606

20,174

40,954

56,054

19,736

1,068

2,012

120

1972 Renov:
2006-2007
2003

1964 Renov:
2011
1999 &
2004

01/15

01/16

10/13

07/17

12/03 &
02/04

38,329

13,110

7,415

4,710

4,317

18,678

28,797

14,568

15,100

Property Name

John's Creek Village
John's Creek, GA
King Philip's Crossing

Seekonk, MA
La Plaza Del Norte
San Antonio, TX

Lake Worth Towne Crossing

Lake Worth, TX

Lakewood Towne Center

Lakewood, WA

Lincoln Park
Dallas, TX
Lincoln Plaza

Worcester, MA

Lowe's/Bed, Bath & Beyond

Butler, NJ

MacArthur Crossing
Los Colinas, TX

Main Street Promenade

Naperville, IL

Manchester Meadows

Town and Country, MO
Mansfield Towne Crossing

Mansfield, TX

Merrifield Town Center

Falls Church, VA

Merrifield Town Center II

Falls Church, VA
New Forest Crossing

Houston, TX

New Hyde Park Shopping Center

New Hyde Park, NY
Newnan Crossing I & II

Newnan, GA

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Schedule III
Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation
December 31, 2017
(in thousands)

Initial Cost (A)

Gross amount carried at end of period

Encumbrance

Land

Buildings and
Improvements

Adjustments
to Basis (C)

Land and
Improvements

Property Name

Newton Crossroads
Covington, GA

North Rivers Towne Center

Charleston, SC
Northgate North
Seattle, WA
Northpointe Plaza
Spokane, WA

Oak Brook Promenade

Oak Brook, IL

One Loudoun Downtown I - VI

Ashburn, VA

Orange Plaza (Golfland Plaza)

Orange, CT

Oswego Commons

Oswego, IL

Paradise Valley Marketplace

Phoenix, AZ

Parkway Towne Crossing

Frisco, TX

Pavilion at Kings Grant I & II

Concord, NC

Pelham Manor Shopping Plaza

Pelham Manor, NY
Peoria Crossings I & II

Peoria, AZ

Plaza at Marysville
Marysville, WA

Plaza del Lago
Wilmette, IL

Pleasant Run

Cedar Hill, TX

26,799

122,224

4,350

6,454

6,590

6,142

4,834

16,004

20,425

20,423

—

—

25,705

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

24,091

8,346

—

—

3,350

3,350

7,540

13,800

10,343

—

6,995

6,600

12,042

4,200

6,927

15,720

571

1,020

49,078

(13,796)

37,707

50,057

4,515

1,523

470

2,379

1,023

824

9,380

67,870

32,816

13,728

33,382

29,085

70,372

380

4,263

956

—

7,092

8,235

103

3,350

3,350

7,540

13,800

10,343

4,350

6,454

6,590

6,142

8,495

6,600

Buildings and
Improvements
(D)

Total (B),
(D)

Accumulated
Depreciation 
(E)

Date
Constructed

7,498

10,848

3,415

1997

Date
Acquired

12/04

16,740

20,090

8,085

2003-2004

04/04

35,282

42,822

17,939

1999-2003

06/04

42,222

56,022

20,839

1991-1993

05/04

51,580

61,923

3,757

2006

03/16

26,799

122,694

149,493

4,735

2013-2017

7,213

11,563

3,220

1995

17,027

23,481

2,692

2002-2004

06/14

21,249

27,839

10,825

2002

29,803

35,945

12,696

2010

—

68,250

68,250

11,300

35,579

44,074

17,551

14,684

21,284

7,093

105

12,042

33,382

45,424

4,200

36,177

40,377

15,827

2002-2003
& 2005
2008

2002-2003
& 2005
1995

1928 Renov:
1996
2004

11/16, 2/17
4/17, 5/17
& 8/17
05/05

04/04

08/06

12/03 &
06/06
11/13

03/04 &
05/05
07/04

12/17

12/04

Reisterstown Road Plaza (b)

45,947

15,800

Baltimore, MD

15,790

78,617

94,407

37,326

1986/2004

08/04

10,274

12,392

14,849

10,274

27,241

37,515

10,440

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Schedule III
Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation
December 31, 2017
(in thousands)

Initial Cost (A)

Gross amount carried at end of period

Encumbrance

Land

Buildings and
Improvements

Adjustments
to Basis (C)

Land and
Improvements

Property Name

Rite Aid Store (Eckerd)

Crossville, TN

Rivery Town Crossing
Georgetown, TX
Royal Oaks Village II

Houston, TX

Sawyer Heights Village

Houston, TX

Schaumburg Towers
Schaumburg, IL

Shoppes at Hagerstown
Hagerstown, MD

The Shoppes at Quarterfield

Severn, MD

—

—

—

600

2,900

3,450

18,796

24,214

—

—

—

7,900

4,034

2,190

The Shoppes at Union Hill

13,987

12,666

Denville, NJ

Shoppes of New Hope

Dallas, GA

Shoppes of Prominence Point I & II

Canton, GA

Shops at Forest Commons

Round Rock, TX
The Shops at Legacy

Plano, TX

Shops at Park Place

Plano, TX

Southlake Corners
Southlake, TX

Southlake Town Square I - VII (c)

Southlake, TX
Stilesboro Oaks
Acworth, GA
Stonebridge Plaza
McKinney, TX

3,275

—

—

—

7,381

21,062

—

—

—

1,350

3,650

1,050

8,800

9,096

6,612

2,033

6,814

17,000

15,797

1

405

272

680

137,096

(82,728)

21,937

8,840

45,227

11,045

12,652

6,133

249

299

337

169

126

307

108,940

16,943

13,175

23,605

4,211

262

Buildings and
Improvements
(D)

Total (B),
(D)

Accumulated
Depreciation 
(E)

Date
Constructed

Date
Acquired

2,034

2,634

1,012

2003-2004

06/04

7,219

10,119

3,050

2005

10/06

17,272

20,722

5,687

2004-2005

11/05

24,214

16,477

40,691

2,834

2007

10/13

57,870

62,268

944

1986 & 1990

11/04

600

2,900

3,450

4,398

4,034

2,190

22,186

26,220

1,965

2008

9,139

11,329

4,570

1999

12,666

45,564

58,230

3,473

2003

1,350

3,650

1,050

8,800

9,096

6,612

11,214

12,564

5,492

2004

12,778

16,428

6,271

2004 & 2005

6,440

7,490

3,078

2002

125,883

134,683

48,756

2002

17,386

26,482

7,544

2001

23,867

30,479

3,909

2004

01/16

01/04

04/16

07/04

06/04 &
09/05
12/04

06/07

10/03

10/13

12/04, 5/07,
9/08 & 3/09
12/04

43,790

207,354

26,172

41,604

235,712

277,316

93,779

1998-2007

2,200

1,000

9,426

5,783

2,200

1,000

536

724

104

9,962

12,162

4,612

1997

6,507

7,507

2,868

1997

08/05

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

Schedule III
Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation
December 31, 2017
(in thousands)

Initial Cost (A)

Gross amount carried at end of period

Property Name

Stony Creek I

Noblesville, IN

Stony Creek II

Noblesville, IN
Streets of Yorktown

Houston, TX
Tacoma South
Tacoma, WA

Target South Center

Austin, TX

Tollgate Marketplace

Bel Air, MD
Towson Circle (b)
Towson, MD
Towson Square
Towson, MD
Tysons Corner
Vienna, VA

Walter's Crossing

Tampa, FL

Watauga Pavilion
Watauga, TX

Winchester Commons

Memphis, TN
Woodinville Plaza
Woodinville, WA
Total

Encumbrance

Land

Buildings and
Improvements

Adjustments
to Basis (C)

Land and
Improvements

6,735

1,900

3,440

17,564

1,730

5,106

79

22,111

2,908

6,735

1,900

3,440

Buildings and
Improvements
(D)

Total (B),
(D)

Accumulated
Depreciation 
(E)

Date
Constructed

19,294

26,029

10,120

2003

5,185

7,085

2,306

2005

25,019

28,459

10,936

2005

Date
Acquired

12/03

11/05

12/05

10,976

22,898

10,976

22,990

33,966

1,542

1984-2015

05/16

2,300

8,700

9,050

13,757

22,525

14,500

5,185

4,400

7,184

10,874

16,914

27,504

7,471

16,073

25,433

92

697

22

52

492

1,599

573

2,295

8,760

61,247

6,930

17,840

(26,890)

2,300

8,700

—

9,457

11,757

4,297

1999

11/05

68,177

76,877

31,506

1979/1994

07/04

—

—

—

1998

21,958

(174)

13,757

21,784

35,541

1,781

2014

07/04

11/15

05/15

08/04

07/06

22,525

7,206

29,731

683

2,200

10,926

13,126

5,380

1980
Renov:2004,
2012/2013
2004

14,500

17,406

31,906

7,420

2005

5,185

4,400

29,103

34,288

14,030

2003-2004

05/04

8,044

12,444

3,735

1999

11/04

16,073

27,728

43,801

2,512

1981

06/15 &
8/16

—

—

—

—

—

34,946

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Village Shoppes at Simonton

Lawrenceville, GA

3,023

2,200

287,068

1,082,269

3,538,413

132,223

1,066,705

3,686,200

4,752,905

1,215,990

Developments in Progress

—

—

—

33,022

15,691

17,331

33,022

—

Total Investment Properties

$

287,068

$ 1,082,269

$

3,538,413

$

165,245

$

1,082,396

$

3,703,531

$ 4,785,927

$

1,215,990

105

(a)  The Company has begun activities in anticipation of future redevelopment at this property.

(b)  The cost basis associated with this property or a portion of this property was reclassified to Developments in Progress as the property is an active redevelopment.

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

(c)  The Company acquired a parcel at this property during 2017.

Notes:

(A)  The initial cost to the Company represents the original purchase price of the property, including amounts incurred subsequent to acquisition which were contemplated 

at the time the property was acquired.

(B)  The aggregate cost of real estate owned as of December 31, 2017 for U.S. federal income tax purposes was approximately $4,815,043.

(C)  Adjustments to basis include payments received under master lease agreements as well as additional tangible costs associated with the investment properties, including 

any earnout of tenant space.

(D)  Reconciliation of real estate owned:

Balance as of January 1,
Purchases and additions to investment property
Sale and write-offs of investment property
Property held for sale
Provision for asset impairment
Change in acquired lease intangible assets
Change in acquired lease intangible liabilities
Balance as of December 31,

(E)  Reconciliation of accumulated depreciation:

Balance as of January 1,
Depreciation expense
Sale and write-offs of investment property
Property held for sale
Provision for asset impairment
Other disposals
Balance as of December 31,

2017
5,499,506
272,145
(829,170)
(2,791)
(153,763)
—
—
4,785,927

2017
1,443,333
171,823
(308,662)
(27)
(90,477)
—
1,215,990

$

$

$

$

2016
5,687,842
435,989
(526,970)
(47,151)
(47,159)
4,586
(7,631)
5,499,506

2016
1,433,195
191,493
(122,872)
(15,769)
(18,500)
(24,214)
1,443,333

$

$

$

$

2015
5,680,376
508,924
(498,833)
—
(4,786)
(15,311)
17,472
5,687,842

2015
1,365,471
183,639
(113,418)
—
(2,497)
—
1,433,195

$

$

$

$

Depreciation is computed based upon the following estimated useful lives in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income:

Building and improvements
Site improvements
Tenant improvements

106

Years
30
15
Life of related lease

 
ITEM  9. CHANGES  IN AND  DISAGREEMENTS  WITH ACCOUNTANTS  ON ACCOUNTING AND  FINANCIAL 
DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We have established disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that material information relating to us, including our consolidated 
subsidiaries, is made known to the officers who certify our financial reports and to the members of senior management and the 
board of directors.

Based on management’s evaluation as of December 31, 2017, our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Executive Vice 
President,  Chief  Financial  Officer  and  Treasurer  have  concluded  that  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in 
Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) are effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by 
us in our reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time 
periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our President 
and Chief Executive Officer and our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, to allow timely decisions 
regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Controls

There were no changes to our internal controls over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2017 that 
have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company, 
as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, 
including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal 
control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  the  framework  in  Internal  Control  —  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the 
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal 
Control — Integrated Framework (2013), our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective 
as of December 31, 2017. The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017 has been 
audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, as stated in their report which is included 
herein.

107

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Retail Properties of America, Inc.

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Retail Properties of America, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) 
as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee 
of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material 
respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal 
Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.

We  have  also  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States) 
(PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017, of the Company and our report 
dated February 14, 2018, expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements and included an explanatory 
paragraph regarding the Company’s adoption of Accounting Standards Update 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) 
Restricted Cash.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment 
of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal 
Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with 
respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities 
and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material 
respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material 
weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and 
performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable 
basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted 
accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain 
to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets 
of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial 
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are 
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that 
could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because 
of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Chicago, Illinois
February 14, 2018

108

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

PART III

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Information required by this Item 10 will be included in our definitive proxy statement for our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders 
and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Information required by this Item 11 will be included in our definitive proxy statement for our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders 
and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED 
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Information required by this Item 12 will be included in our definitive proxy statement for our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders 
and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Information required by this Item 13 will be included in our definitive proxy statement for our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders 
and is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

Information required by this Item 14 will be included in our definitive proxy statement for our 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders 
and is incorporated herein by reference.

109

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)  List of documents filed:

PART IV

(1)  The consolidated financial statements of the Company are set forth in this report in Item 8.

(2)  Financial Statement Schedules:

The following financial statement schedules for the year ended December 31, 2017 are submitted herewith:

Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (Schedule II)

Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation (Schedule III)

Page

98

99

Schedules not filed:

All schedules other than those indicated in the index have been omitted as the required information is inapplicable or the information 
is presented in the consolidated financial statements or related notes.

Exhibit No.

Description

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

4.1

4.2

4.3

10.1

10.2

Sixth Articles of Amendment and Restatement of the Registrant, dated March 20, 2012 (Incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 22, 2012).

Articles  of  Amendment  to  the  Sixth  Articles  of  Amendment  and  Restatement  of  the  Registrant,  dated  March  20,  2012 
(Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 22, 2012).

Articles  of  Amendment  to  the  Sixth  Articles  of  Amendment  and  Restatement  of  the  Registrant,  dated  March  20,  2012 
(Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 22, 2012).

Articles Supplementary to the Sixth Articles of Amendment and Restatement of the Registrant, as amended, dated March 20, 
2012 (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 22, 2012).

Articles Supplementary for the Series A Preferred Stock (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 17, 2012).

Certificate of Correction (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report/Amended on Form 
8-K/A filed on December 20, 2012).

Sixth Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s 
Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 20, 2012).

Amendment No. 1 to the Sixth Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant, dated February 11, 2014 (Incorporated herein 
by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 12, 2014).

Amendment No. 2 to the Sixth Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant, dated May 25, 2017 (Incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2017 and filed on 
August 2, 2017).
Indenture, dated March 12, 2015, by and between the Registrant as Issuer and U.S. Bank National Association as Trustee 
(Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 12, 2015).

First Supplemental Indenture, dated March 12, 2015, by and between the Registrant as Issuer and U.S. Bank National Association 
as Trustee (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 12, 
2015).
Form  of  4.00%  Senior  Notes  due  2025  (attached  as  Exhibit A  to  the  First  Supplemental  Indenture  filed  as  Exhibit  4.2) 
(Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 12, 2015).

2014  Long-Term  Equity  Compensation  Plan  of  the  Registrant  (Incorporated  herein  by  reference  to  Appendix A  to  the 
Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on March 31, 2014).

Third Amended and Restated Independent Director Stock Option and Incentive Plan of the Registrant (Incorporated herein by 
reference to Appendix A to the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on August 2, 2013).

110

 
 
Exhibit No.

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

10.8

10.9

10.10

10.11

10.12

10.13

10.14

10.15

10.16

Description

Indemnification Agreements by and between the Registrant and its directors and officers (Incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibits 10.6B, 10.6C, 10.6D and 10.6E to the Registrant’s Annual Report/Amended on Form 10-K/A for the year ended 
December 31, 2006 and filed on April 27, 2007, Exhibits 10.560 and 10.570 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-
K for the year ended December 31, 2007 and filed on March 31, 2008, Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2013 and filed on August 6, 2013, Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report 
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2014 and filed on August 5, 2014, Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly 
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2015 and filed on August 5, 2015, Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly 
Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2015 and filed on November 4, 2015, Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016 and filed on November 2, 2016 and Exhibit 10.28 
to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 and filed on February 15, 2017).

Note Purchase Agreement dated as of May 16, 2014 among the Registrant as Issuer and Certain Institutions as Purchasers 
(Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 22, 2014).

Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of January 6, 2016 among the Registrant as Borrower and KeyBank 
National Association as Administrative Agent, Wells Fargo Securities LLC as Co-Lead Arranger and Joint Book Manager, 
and  Wells  Fargo  Bank,  National Association  as  Syndication Agent,  KeyBanc  Capital  Markets  Inc.,  U.S.  Bank  National 
Association, PNC Capital Markets LLC, and Regions Capital Markets as Co-Lead Arrangers and Joint Book Managers, each 
of U.S. Bank National Association, PNC Capital Markets LLC, Regions Capital Markets, Bank of America, N.A., Citibank, 
N.A., The Bank of Nova Scotia, Capital One, N.A., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., and Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc. 
as Documentation Agents, and Certain Lenders from time to time parties hereto, as Lenders (Incorporated herein by reference 
to Exhibit 10.8 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and filed on February 
17, 2016).

Note Purchase Agreement dated as of September 30, 2016, among the Registrant as Issuer and Certain Institutions as Purchasers 
(Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 5, 2016).

Term Loan Agreement, dated as of November 22, 2016, by and among the Registrant as Borrower and Capital One, National 
Association as Administrative Agent, Capital One, National Association, PNC Capital Markets LLC, TD Bank, N.A., and 
Regions Bank as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Book Managers, TD Bank, N.A. as Syndication Agent, PNC Capital Markets 
LLC  and  Regions  Bank  as  Co-Documentation Agent,  and  Certain  Lenders  from  time  to  time  parties  hereto,  as  Lenders 
(Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 29, 2016).

Retention Agreement dated February 19, 2013 by and between the Registrant and Steven P. Grimes (Incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 and filed on 
February 20, 2013).

Amendment to Retention Agreement dated February 19, 2015 by and between Registrant and Steven P. Grimes (Incorporated 
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2015 
and filed on May 5, 2015).

Amended and Restated Retention Agreement dated October 31, 2016 by and between the Registrant and Steven P. Grimes 
(Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended 
September 30, 2016 and filed on November 2, 2016).

Retention Agreement dated February 19, 2013 by and between the Registrant and Shane C. Garrison (Incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 and filed 
on February 20, 2013).

Amendment to Retention Agreement dated February 19, 2015 by and between Registrant and Shane C. Garrison (Incorporated 
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2015 
and filed on May 5, 2015).

Amended and Restated Retention Agreement dated October 31, 2016 by and between the Registrant and Shane C. Garrison 
(Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended 
September 30, 2016 and filed on November 2, 2016).

Retention Agreement dated October 31, 2016 by and between the Registrant and Heath R. Fear (Incorporated herein by reference 
to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016 and filed on 
November 2, 2016).

Offer Letter, dated March 24, 2016, by and between the Registrant and Paula C. Maggio (Incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 10.27 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 and filed on February 
15, 2017).

Retention Agreement dated October 31, 2016 by and between the Registrant and Paula C. Maggio (Incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016 and 
filed on November 2, 2016).

111

Exhibit No.

Description

10.17

Indemnification Agreement, dated October 12, 2010, by and between the Registrant and Julie M. Swinehart (filed herewith).

12.1

21.1

23.1

31.1

31.2

32.1

101

Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends (filed herewith).

List of Subsidiaries of Registrant (filed herewith).

Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP (filed herewith).

Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 
(filed herewith).

Certification of Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 (filed herewith).

Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer and Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer 
pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C Section 1350 (furnished herewith).

Attached  as  Exhibit  101  to  this  report  are  the  following  formatted  in  XBRL  (Extensible  Business  Reporting  Language): 
(i) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other 
Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Equity for 
the Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 
31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and (vi) Financial Statement Schedules.

ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY

Not applicable.

112

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this 
report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

RETAIL PROPERTIES OF AMERICA, INC.

/s/ STEVEN P. GRIMES

By:

Date:

Steven P. Grimes
President and Chief Executive Officer
February 14, 2018

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons 
on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

/s/ STEVEN P. GRIMES

/s/ FRANK A. CATALANO, JR.

/s/ PETER L. LYNCH

By:

Steven P. Grimes
Director, President and
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

By:

Frank A. Catalano, Jr.
Director

By:

Peter L. Lynch
Director

Date: February 14, 2018

Date:

February 14, 2018

Date:

February 14, 2018

/s/ JULIE M. SWINEHART

/s/ PAUL R. GAUVREAU

/s/ THOMAS J. SARGEANT

By:

Julie M. Swinehart
Executive Vice President,
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
(Principal Financial Officer and
Principal Accounting Officer)

By:

Paul R. Gauvreau
Director

By:

Thomas J. Sargeant
Director

Date: February 14, 2018

Date:

February 14, 2018

Date:

February 14, 2018

/s/ GERALD M. GORSKI

/s/ ROBERT G. GIFFORD

By:

Gerald M. Gorski
Chairman of the Board and Director

Date: February 14, 2018

By:

Date:

Robert G. Gifford
Director
February 14, 2018

/s/ BONNIE S. BIUMI

/s/ RICHARD P. IMPERIALE

By:

Bonnie S. Biumi
Director
Date: February 14, 2018

By:

Date:

Richard P. Imperiale
Director
February 14, 2018

113

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
(amounts in thousands, except ratio)

Reconciliation of Mortgages Payable, Net, Unsecured Notes Payable, Net,
Unsecured Term Loans, Net and Unsecured Revolving Line of Credit to Total Net Debt

Mortgages payable, net
Unsecured notes payable, net
Unsecured term loans, net
Unsecured revolving line of credit
Total
Mortgage premium, net of accumulated amortization
Mortgage discount, net of accumulated amortization
Unsecured notes payable discount, net of accumulated amortization
Capitalized loan fees, net of accumulated amortization
Total notional debt
Less: consolidated cash and cash equivalents
Less: disposition proceeds temporarily restricted related to potential Internal

Revenue Code Section 1031 tax-deferred exchanges

Total net debt
Net Debt to Adjusted EBITDA (a)

December 31, 2017

$                   

287,068
695,748
547,270
216,000
1,746,086
(1,024)
579
853
6,744
1,753,238
(25,185)

$                

(54,087)
1,673,966
5.5x

Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Common Shareholders to Adjusted EBITDA

Three Months Ended
December 31, 2017

Net income attributable to common shareholders 
Preferred stock dividends
Interest expense
Depreciation and amortization
Gain on sales of investment properties
Provision for impairment of investment properties
Adjusted EBITDA
Annualized

(a) For purposes of this ratio calculation, annualized three months ended figures were used.

$                   

103,144
6,780
18,015
46,598
(107,101)
8,147
75,583
302,332

$                     
$                   

                     
                     
                     
                  
                         
                             
                             
                          
                  
                      
                      
                          
                        
                        
                    
                          
Board Of Directors

Investor Information

Executive Officers

Current stockholder information, 
including the Annual Report, 
SEC filings and press releases, is 
available on our website at  
www.rpai.com or by e-mail request 
to ir@rpai.com.

Legal Counsel

Goodwin Procter LLP 
Boston, MA

Independent Auditors

Deloitte & Touche LLP 
Chicago, IL

Transfer Agent

Computershare 
P.O. Box 505000 
Louisville, KY 40233 
800.368.5948 
www.computershare.com

Steven P. Grimes 
President and Chief Executive 
Officer

Shane C. Garrison 
Executive Vice President, 
Chief Operating Officer and  
Chief Investment Officer

Julie M. Swinehart 
Executive Vice President,  
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Corporate Office

Retail Properties of America, Inc. 
2021 Spring Road, Suite 200 
Oak Brook, Illinois 60523 
855.247.RPAI 
www.rpai.com

Gerald M. Gorski, Chairman 
Former Partner, Gorski & Good LLP

Bonnie S. Biumi 
Former President and Chief 
Financial Officer of Kerzner 
International Resorts, Inc.

Frank A. Catalano, Jr. 
President of Catalano & Associates

Paul R. Gauvreau 
Former Chief Financial Officer, 
Financial Vice President and 
Treasurer of Pittway Corporation

Robert G. Gifford 
Former President and Chief 
Executive Officer of AIG Global  
Real Estate

Steven P. Grimes 
President and Chief Executive 
Officer

Richard P. Imperiale 
President and Founder of the 
Uniplan Companies

Peter L. Lynch 
Former Chairman of the Board 
of Directors, President and Chief 
Executive Officer of Winn-Dixie 
Stores, Inc.

Thomas J. Sargeant 
Former Chief Financial Officer of 
AvalonBay Communities, Inc.

This  Annual  Report  and  the  Letter  to  Stockholders  contain  “forward-looking  statements.”  Forward-looking  statements  are  statements  that  are  not  historical,  including 

statements regarding management’s intentions, beliefs, expectations, representations, plans or predictions of the future and are typically identified by such words as “believes,” 

“expects,” “may,” “should,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “will,” “continue,” or “anticipates” and variations of such words or similar expressions or the negative of such words. 

We intend that such forward-looking statements be subject to the safe harbor provisions set forth in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the 

Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and we include this statement for the purpose of complying with such safe 

harbor provisions. Future events and actual results, performance, transactions or achievements, financial or otherwise, may differ materially from the results, performance, 

transactions or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause our actual results to be materially different from the 

forward-looking statements are discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. We assume no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements or to update the 

reasons why actual results could differ from those projected in any forward-looking statements.

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2021 Spring Road, Suite 200 
Oak Brook, IL 60523 
www.rpai.com  |  NYSE: RPAI