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RGC Resources, Inc.

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Sector Utilities
Industry Regulated Gas
Employees 104
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FY2017 Annual Report · RGC Resources, Inc.
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2017 Annual Report

PRESIDENT’S LETTER

To Our Shareholders: 

The past year has been exciting for our Company. We experienced our third consecutive year of record
In January, the Board of
earnings at $6.2 million, or $0.86 per share, an increase of 7% over 2016.
Directors approved a 3‐for‐2 stock dividend payable March 1, 2017, and in June, RGC Resources was
added to the Russell 2000 for the first time in our history. Our market capitalization also increased
from approximately $120 million to over $190 million in 2017. Building on this success, our Board
approved a 6.9% dividend increase to $0.62 per share. The February 2018 dividend will reflect 73
years of continuous quarterly dividend payments and 14 consecutive years of annual dividend
increases.

In late 2017, Roanoke Gas Company capped off a 25‐year project replacing the last of the bare steel
and cast iron mains in its natural gas distribution system. We also completed the largest single capital
project in the Company’s history, a $6 million automated meter reading (AMR) installation. This
modern technology platform will provide more real‐time data and reduce costs.

Roanoke Gas continues to experience consistent customer growth. Several large industrial customers
have either opened new facilities or expanded and modernized existing facilities. Looking forward, we
anticipate continued large commercial customer growth as economic development in the Roanoke
Valley is strong. We also added approximately 620 new residential and small commercial customers in
2017. We believe these trends will continue.

In 2017, we invested $20.7 million,
We continue to invest in capital improvements for Roanoke Gas.
the largest annual amount in Roanoke Gas history.
In addition to supporting customer growth and
implementing AMR, we replaced 9 miles of first generation plastic mains. We anticipate the first
generation plastic main replacement project to take approximately 3 to 4 years to complete.
In
addition to this project, our plans for 2018 include the renewal of one major gate station and several
large main extension projects.

The Mountain Valley Pipeline (MVP) project received its FERC certificate in October and is planning to
begin construction in early 2018. The MVP will address the growing demand for natural gas in our
region, add an additional source of gas to the Roanoke Gas supply portfolio and provide the Company
with the opportunity to expand natural gas service to Franklin County, Virginia, a previously unserved
area. This strategic investment complements our core business and continues to enhance shareholder
value.

Finally, Mr. George Logan is retiring after 15 years of service to our Board of Directors. A corporate
governance expert with vast business and academic experience, Mr. Logan made significant
contributions to the Company’s growth and success during his tenure.

On behalf of our Board of Directors and employees, thank you for your continued interest in our
Company and for your ongoing decision to invest in RGC Resources.

John S. D’Orazio
President & Chief Executive Officer

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 or 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2017 
Commission file number 000-26591

RGC RESOURCES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Virginia
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

519 Kimball Avenue, N.E., Roanoke, VA
(Address of principal executive offices)

54-1909697
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

24016
(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (540) 777-4427

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class
Common Stock, $5 Par Value

Name of Each Exchange on
Which Registered
NASDAQ Global Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.     
Yes  

  No  

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the 
Act.    Yes  

  No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to 
file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  

    No  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every 
Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) 
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such 
files).    Yes  

    No  

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (Section 229.405 of this 
chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or 
information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a 
smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in 
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one).

Large accelerated filer

   Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

(Do not check if smaller reporting company)

   Smaller reporting company  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  

   No  

State the aggregate market value of the voting and non voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to 
the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity as of the last 
business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter: March 31, 2017. $147,136,528 

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the last practicable date.

Class
COMMON STOCK, $5 PAR VALUE

Outstanding at November 30, 2017
7,250,093 SHARES

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:

Portions of the RGC Resources, Inc. Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by 
reference into Part III hereof.

 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements

PART I

PART II

Item 1.

Business

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Item 2.

Properties

Item 3.

Legal Proceedings

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and 

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Item 6.

Selected Financial Data

Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results 

of Operations

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Item 9.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and 
Financial Disclosures

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Item 9B. Other Information

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Item 11. Executive Compensation

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and 

Related Stockholder Matters

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director 

Independence

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

Signatures

PART III

PART IV

Page Number

2

3

6

10

10

10

10

11

13

13

29

29

64

64

66

67

67

67

67

67

68

68

69

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements that relate to future transactions, events or expectations. In addition, RGC 
Resources, Inc. (“Resources” or the “Company”) may announce or publish forward-looking statements relating to such matters 
as anticipated financial performance, business prospects, technological developments, new products, research and development 
activities and similar matters. These statements are based on management’s current expectations and information available at 
the time of such statements and are believed to be reasonable and are made in good faith. The Private Securities Litigation 
Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements. In order to comply with the terms of the safe 
harbor, the Company notes that a variety of factors could cause the Company’s actual results and experience to differ materially 
from the anticipated results or expectations expressed in the Company’s forward-looking statements. The risks and 
uncertainties that may affect the operations, performance, development and results of the Company’s business include, but are 
not limited to those set forth in the following discussion and within Item 1A “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-
K. All of these factors are difficult to predict and many are beyond the Company’s control. Accordingly, while the Company 
believes its forward-looking statements to be reasonable, there can be no assurance that they will approximate actual 
experience or that the expectations derived from them will be realized. When used in the Company’s documents or news 
releases, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” “objective,” “projection,” “forecast,” 
“budget,” “assume,” “indicate” or similar words or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “can,” 
“could” or “may” are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements reflect the Company’s current expectations only as of the date they are made. The Company 
assumes no duty to update these statements should expectations change or actual results differ from current expectations except 
as required by applicable laws and regulations.

2

Item 1. 

Business.

General and Historical Development

PART I

RGC Resources, Inc. ("Resources" or the "Company") was incorporated in the state of Virginia on July 31, 1998, for the 
primary purpose of becoming the holding company for Roanoke Gas Company (“Roanoke Gas”) and its subsidiaries. 
Effective July 1, 1999, Roanoke Gas and its subsidiaries were reorganized into the holding company structure. 
Resources is currently composed of the following subsidiaries: Roanoke Gas, Diversified Energy Company and RGC 
Midstream, LLC.

Roanoke Gas was organized as a public service corporation under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1912. 
The principal service of Roanoke Gas is the distribution and sale of natural gas to residential, commercial and industrial 
customers within its service territory in Roanoke, Virginia and the surrounding localities. Roanoke Gas also provides 
certain non-regulated services which account for less than 2% of consolidated revenues.

In July 2015, the Company formed RGC Midstream, LLC, a limited liability company established for the purpose of 
becoming a 1% investor in Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC.  Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC was created for the purpose 
of constructing a natural gas pipeline in West Virginia and Virginia.  Additional information regarding this investment is 
provided under Note 4 of the Company's annual consolidated financial statements and under the Equity Investment in 
Mountain Valley Pipeline section of Item 7. 

In March 2016, Resources dissolved its subsidiary, RGC Ventures of Virginia, Inc. ("Ventures").  Ventures contained the 
operations of Application Resources, Inc., which provided information technology consulting services, and The Utility 
Consultants, which provided utility and regulatory consulting services to other utilities.  Both of these operations were 
insignificant when compared to the overall activities of Resources and represented less than 0.2% of total revenues and 
less than 6% of other non-utility revenues.

Diversified Energy Company currently has no active operations.

Services

Roanoke Gas maintains an integrated natural gas distribution system to deliver natural gas purchased from suppliers to 
residential, commercial and industrial users in its service territory. The schedule below is a summary of customers, 
delivered volumes (expressed in decatherms), revenues and margin as a percentage of the total for each category: 

Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Other Utility
Other Non-Utility
Total Percent
Total Value

Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Other Utility
Other Non-Utility
Total Percent
Total Value

Customers

Volume

Revenue

Margin

2017

91.2%
8.7%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
59,847

37%
31%
32%
0%
0%
100%

57%
33%
7%
1%
2%
100%

61%
25%
10%
2%
2%
100%

8,562,582

$

62,296,870

$

32,809,157

Customers

Volume

Revenue

Margin

2016

91.2%
8.7%
0.1%
0.0%
0.0%
100.0%
59,635

38%
31%
31%
0%
0%
100%

57%
33%
7%
1%
2%
100%

60%
25%
11%
2%
2%
100%

8,842,605

$

59,063,291

$

31,564,914

3

 
 
 
 
 
Residential

Commercial

Industrial

Other Utility

Other Non-Utility

Total Percent

Total Value

Customers

Volume

Revenue

Margin

2015

91.2%

8.7%

0.1%

0.0%

0.0%

100.0%

59,080

40%

30%

30%

0%

0%

100%

58%

33%

6%

1%

2%

100%

58%

26%

11%

3%

2%

100%

9,875,007

$

68,189,607

$

30,206,433

Roanoke Gas’ regulated natural gas distribution business accounted for approximately 98% of Resources total revenues 
for fiscal years ending September 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015. The tables above indicates that residential customers 
represent over 91% of the Company’s customer total; however, they represent less than 50% of the total gas volumes 
delivered and more than half of the Company’s consolidated revenues and margin. Industrial customers include 
primarily transportation customers that purchase their natural gas requirements directly from a supplier other than the 
Company and utilize Roanoke Gas’ natural gas distribution system for delivery to their operations. Most of the revenue 
billed for these customers relates only to transportation service, and not to the purchase of natural gas, causing total 
revenues generated by these deliveries to be approximately 7% of total revenues, even though they represent 32% of 
total natural gas deliveries for the year ended September 30, 2017 and approximately 10% to 11% of gross margin for 
each of the years presented.

The Company’s revenues are affected by changes in gas costs as well as by changes in consumption volume due to 
weather and economic conditions and changes in the non gas portion of customer billing rates. Increases or decreases in 
the cost of natural gas are passed on to customers through the purchased gas adjustment mechanism as explained in 
further detail in Note 1 of the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements. Significant increases in gas costs 
may cause customers to conserve or, in the case of industrial customers, to switch to alternative energy sources.

The Company’s residential and commercial sales are seasonal and temperature-sensitive as the majority of the gas sold 
by Roanoke Gas to these customers is used for heating. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2017, approximately 
65% of the Company’s total DTH of natural gas deliveries and 73% of the residential and commercial deliveries were 
made in the five-month period of November through March. These percentages are comparable to the prior year but 
lower than fiscal 2015 due to lower volumes attributable to a much warmer heating season in fiscal 2016 and 2017. 
Total natural gas deliveries were 8.6 million DTH, 8.8 million DTH and 9.9 million DTH in fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015, 
respectively.

Suppliers

Roanoke Gas relies on multiple interstate pipelines including those operated by Columbia Gas Transmission 
Corporation, LLC and Columbia Gulf Transmission Corporation, LLC (together “Columbia”), and East Tennessee 
Natural Gas, LLC (“East Tennessee”), Tennessee Gas Pipeline, Midwestern Gas Transmission Company and Saltville 
Gas Storage Company, LLC to transport natural gas from the production and storage fields to Roanoke Gas’ distribution 
system. Roanoke Gas is directly served by two pipelines, Columbia and East Tennessee. Columbia historically has 
delivered approximately 60% of the Company’s gas supply, while East Tennessee delivers the balance of the 
Company’s requirements. The rates paid for natural gas transportation and storage services purchased from the 
interstate pipeline companies are established by tariffs approved by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 
("FERC"). These tariffs contain flexible pricing provisions, which, in some instances, authorize these transporters to 
reduce rates and charges to meet price competition. The current pipeline contracts expire at various times from 2018 to 
2027. The Company anticipates being able to renew these contracts or enter into other contracts to meet customers’ 
continued demand for natural gas.

The Company manages its pipeline contracts and liquefied natural gas storage (“LNG”) facility in order to provide for 
sufficient capacity to meet the natural gas demands of its customers. The maximum daily winter capacity for delivery 
into Roanoke Gas’ distribution system under the interstate pipelines is 78,606 DTH per day. The LNG facility, which is 
capable of storing up to 200,000 DTH of natural gas in a liquid state for use during peak demand, has the capability of 
providing an additional 27,000 DTH per day. Combined, the pipelines and LNG facility can provide more than 105,000 
DTH on a single winter day. 

4

 
 
The Company uses multi-year contracts to meet its natural gas supply needs. The Company currently contracts with 
Sequent Energy Management, L.P.  to manage its pipeline transportation, storage rights, gas supply inventories and 
deliveries and serve as the primary supplier of natural gas for Roanoke Gas. Natural gas purchased under the asset 
management agreement is priced at indexed-based market prices as reported in major industry pricing publications. The 
Company is currently in the process of soliciting proposals for a new asset management agreement to replace the 
current agreement which expires March 31, 2018.

The Company uses summer storage programs to supplement gas supply requirements during the winter months. During 
the summer months, the Company injects gas into its LNG facility. In addition, the Company has contracted for storage 
capacity from Columbia, Tennessee Gas Pipeline and Saltville Gas Storage Company, LLC for a combined total of 
more than 2.4 million DTH of storage capacity.  The balance of the Company’s annual natural gas requirements are met 
primarily through market purchases made by its asset manager.

Competition

The Company’s natural gas utility operates in a regulated, monopolistic environment. Roanoke Gas currently holds the 
only franchises and/or certificates of public convenience and necessity to distribute natural gas in its Virginia service 
areas. These franchises generally extend for multi-year periods and are renewable by the municipalities, including 
exclusive franchises in the cities of Roanoke and Salem and the Town of Vinton, Virginia.  All three franchise 
agreements were recently renewed for a term of 20 years  and will expire December 31, 2035.

Management anticipates that the Company will be able to renew all of its franchises when they expire. There can be no 
assurance, however, that a given jurisdiction will not refuse to renew a franchise or will not, in connection with the 
renewal of a franchise, attempt to impose restrictions or conditions that could adversely affect the Company’s business 
operations or financial condition. Certificates of public convenience and necessity, issued by the Virginia State 
Corporation Commission (the “SCC”), are of perpetual duration and subject to compliance with regulatory standards.

Although Roanoke Gas has exclusive rights for the distribution of natural gas in its service area, the Company competes 
with suppliers of other forms of energy such as fuel oil, electricity, propane, coal and solar. Competition can be intense 
among the other energy sources with the primary driver being price in most instances. This is particularly true for those 
industrial applications that have the ability to switch to alternative fuels. The relationship between supply and demand 
has the greatest impact on the price of natural gas. Greater demand for natural gas for electric generation and other uses 
can provide upward pressure on the price of natural gas. Currently, a plentiful supply of natural gas, mostly due to 
improved drilling and extraction processes in shale formations, has served to maintain prices at lower levels. The 
Company continues to see a demand for its product.  New construction activity has remained steady over the last few 
years and the Company continues to grow its customer base through a combination of extending service to new 
construction and converting existing alternative energy source users to natural gas.

Regulation

In addition to the regulatory requirements generally applicable to all companies, Roanoke Gas is also subject to 
additional regulation at the federal, state and local levels. At the federal level, the Company is subject to pipeline safety 
regulations issued by the Department of Transportation and the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety 
Administration.

At the state level, the SCC performs regulatory oversight including the approval of rates and other charges for natural 
gas sold to customers, the approval of agreements between or among affiliated companies involving the provision of 
goods and services, pipeline safety, and certain other corporate activities of the Company, including mergers and 
acquisitions related to utility operations.

At the local level, Roanoke Gas is further regulated by the municipalities and localities that grant franchises for the 
placement of gas distribution pipelines and the operation of gas distribution networks within their jurisdictions.

Employees

At September 30, 2017, Resources had 106 full-time employees and 109 total employees. As of that date, 30 
employees, or 28% of the Company’s full-time employees, belonged to the United Steel, Paper and Forestry, Rubber, 
Manufacturing, Energy, Allied-Industrial International Union, Local No. 515 and were represented under a collective 
bargaining agreement. The union has been in place at the Company since 1952. The current collective bargaining 
agreement will expire on July 31, 2020.  Management maintains an amicable relationship with the union.

5

Website Access to Reports

The Company’s website address is www.rgcresources.com. Information appearing on this website is not incorporated 
by reference in and is not a part of this annual report.  The Company files reports with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission ("SEC").  A copy of this annual report, as well as other recent annual and quarterly reports are available on 
the Company's website.  You may read and copy these filings with the SEC at the SEC public reference room at 100 F 
Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room can be obtained by 
calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information 
statements, and other information regarding the Company’s filings at www.sec.gov, which is hyper-linked on the 
Company's website and is where you may obtain other Company filings with the SEC. 

Item 1A. 

Risk Factors

Please carefully consider the risks described below regarding the Company. These risks are not the only ones faced by 
the Company. Additional risks not presently known to the Company or that the Company currently believes are 
immaterial may also impair business operations and financial results. If any of the following risks actually occur, the 
Company’s business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected. In such case, the trading 
price of the Company’s common stock could decline and investors could lose all or part of their investment.  The risk 
factors below are categorized by operational, regulatory and financial:

OPERATIONAL RISKS

Availability of adequate and reliable pipeline capacity.

The Company is currently served directly by two interstate pipelines.  These two pipelines carry 100% of the natural 
gas transported to the Company’s distribution system.  Depending on weather conditions and the level of customer 
demand, failure of one or both of these interstate transmission pipelines could have a major impact on the Company’s 
ability to meet customer demand for natural gas and adversely affect the Company’s earnings as a result of lost 
revenue and the cost of service restoration and, if sufficiently frequent or prolonged, could lead customers to turn to 
alternative energy sources.

Risks associated with the operation of a natural gas distribution pipeline and LNG storage facility.

Numerous potential risks are inherent in the operation of a natural gas distribution system and LNG storage facility, 
including unanticipated or unforeseen events that are beyond the control of the Company.  Examples of such events 
include adverse weather conditions, acts of terrorism or sabotage, accidents and damage caused by third parties, 
equipment failure, failure of upstream pipelines and storage facilities, as well as catastrophic events such as 
explosions, fires, earthquakes, floods, or other similar events.  These risks could result in injury or loss of life, 
property damage, pollution and customer service disruption resulting in potentially significant financial losses.  The 
Company maintains insurance policies with financially sound carriers to protect against many of these risks. If losses 
result from an event that is not fully covered by insurance, the Company’s financial condition could be significantly 
impacted if it were unable to recover such losses from customers through the regulatory rate making process.  Even if 
the Company did not incur a direct financial loss as a result of any of the events noted above, it could encounter 
significant reputational damage from a reliability, safety, integrity or similar viewpoint, potentially resulting in a 
longer-term negative earnings impact.

Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline.

The success of the Company's investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC (the "LLC") is predicated on several key 
factors including but not limited to the ability of all investors to meet their capital calls when due, the timely state and 
federal approvals and completing the construction of the pipeline within the targeted time frame and budget.  Any 
significant delay, cost over-run or the failure to receive the requisite approvals on a timely basis, or at all, could have a 
significant effect on the Company's earnings and financial position.

In addition, there are also numerous risks facing the LLC over time, which in turn could adversely affect the 
Company's earnings and financial performance through its 1% investment.   The LLC's ability to complete 
construction of, and capital improvement to, facilities on schedule and within budget may be adversely affected by 
escalating costs for materials and labor and regulatory compliance, inability to obtain or renew necessary licenses, 

6

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
rights-of-way, permits or other approvals on acceptable terms or on schedule, disputes involving contractors, labor 
organizations, land owners, governmental entities, environmental groups, Native American and aboriginal groups, and 
other third parties, negative publicity, transmission interconnection issues, and other factors. If any development 
project or construction or capital improvement project is not completed, is delayed or is subject to cost overruns, 
certain associated costs may not be approved for recovery or be recovered through regulatory mechanisms that may 
otherwise be available, and the LLC could become obligated to make delay or termination payments or become 
obligated for other contractual damages, could experience the loss of tax credits or tax incentives, or delayed or 
diminished returns, and could be required to write-off all or a portion of its investment in the project. Any of these 
events could have a material adverse effect on the LLC’s business, financial condition, results of operations and 
prospects. The LLC may face risks related to project siting, financing, construction, permitting, governmental 
approvals and the negotiation of project development agreements that may impede its development and operating 
activities.  The LLC must periodically apply for licenses and permits from various local, state, federal and other 
regulatory authorities and abide by their respective conditions. Should the LLC be unsuccessful in obtaining necessary 
licenses or permits on acceptable terms, should there be a delay in obtaining or renewing necessary licenses or permits 
or should regulatory authorities initiate any associated investigations or enforcement actions or impose related 
penalties or disallowances on the LLC, the LLC’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects 
could be materially adversely affected. Any failure to negotiate successful project development agreements for new 
facilities with third parties could have similar results.  

The LLC’s gas infrastructure facilities and other facilities are subject to many operational risks. Operational risks 
could result in, among other things, lost revenues due to prolonged outages, increased expenses due to monetary 
penalties or fines for compliance failures, liability to third parties for property and personal injury damage, a failure to 
perform under applicable sales agreements and associated loss of revenues from terminated agreements or liability for 
liquidated damages under continuing agreements. The consequences of these risks could have a material adverse effect 
on the LLC’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.   Uncertainties and risks inherent in 
operating and maintaining the LLC's facilities include, but are not limited to, risks associated with facility start-up 
operations, such as whether the facility will achieve projected operating performance on schedule and otherwise as 
planned.  The LLC’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects can be materially adversely 
affected by weather conditions, including, but not limited to, the impact of severe weather.   Threats of terrorism and 
catastrophic events that could result from terrorism, cyber-attacks, or individuals and/or groups attempting to disrupt 
the LLC’s business, or the businesses of third parties, may materially adversely affect the LLC’s business, financial 
condition, results of operations and prospects. 

Supply disruptions due to weather or other forces.

Hurricanes, floods and other natural or man-made disasters could damage or inhibit production and/or pipeline 
transportation facilities, which could result in decreased supplies of natural gas.  Decreased supplies could result in an 
inability to meet customer demand or lead to higher prices or service disruptions.   Disasters could also lead to 
additional governmental regulations that may limit production activity or increase production and transportation costs.

Security incident or cyber-attacks on the Company’s computer or information systems.

A cyber-security incident on the Company’s information systems could result in corruption of the Company’s financial 
information or the unauthorized release of confidential customer, employee or vendor information or result in the 
interruption of our ability to provide natural gas to our customer or compromise the safety of our distribution, 
transmission and storage systems.  The Company takes reasonable precautions to safeguard its computer systems from 
attack; however, there are no guarantees that Company processes will adequately protect against unauthorized access 
to data.   In the event of a successful attack, the Company could be exposed to material financial and reputational 
risks, possible disruptions in natural gas deliveries or a compromise of the safety of the natural gas distribution 
system, as well as be exposed to claims by persons harmed by such an attack and the attack could also materially 
increase the costs we incur to protect against such risks.    

General downturn in the economy or prolonged period of slow economic recovery.

A weak or poorly performing economy can negatively affect the Company’s profitability.  An economic downturn can 
result in loss of commercial and industrial customers due to plant closings, a loss of residential customers as well as 
slow or declining growth in new customer additions, all of which would result in reduced sales volumes and lower 
revenues.  An economic downturn could also result in rising unemployment and other factors that could lead to a loss 
of customers and an increase in customer delinquencies and bad debt expense.

7

 
 
Inability to attract and retain professional and technical employees.

The ability to implement the Company’s business strategy and serve customers is dependent upon employing talented 
professionals and attracting, training, developing and retaining a skilled workforce.  As the Company will be facing 
retirements of key personnel over the next several years, the failure to replace those departing employees with skilled 
and qualified employees could increase operating costs and expose the Company to other operational and financial 
risks.

Geographic concentration of business activities. 

The Company's business activities are concentrated in the Roanoke Valley.  Changes in the local economy, politics, 
regulations and weather patterns could negatively impact the Company's existing customer base, leading to declining 
usage patterns and financial condition of customers, both of which could adversely affect earnings.

Volatility in the price and availability of natural gas.

Natural gas purchases represent the single largest expense of the Company.  Even with increasing demand from other 
areas, including electric generation, natural gas prices are currently expected to remain stable in the near term, 
although there can be no guarantee to that effect.  If demand for natural gas increases at a rate in excess of current 
expectations, natural gas prices could face upward pressure.  Increasing natural gas prices could result in declining 
sales as well as increases in bad debt expense.

Impact of varying weather conditions.

The Company’s revenues and earnings are dependent upon weather conditions, specifically winter weather.  The 
Company’s rate structure currently has a weather normalization adjustment factor that results in either a recovery or 
refund of revenues due to any variation from the 30-year average for heating degree-days.  If the provision for the 
weather normalization adjustment were removed from its rate structure, the Company would be exposed to a much 
greater risk related to weather variability resulting in earnings volatility. A colder than normal winter could cause the 
Company to incur higher than normal operating and maintenance costs.

Competition from other energy providers.

The Company competes with other energy providers in its service territory, including those that provide electricity, 
propane, coal, fuel oil and solar.  Price is a significant competitive factor.  Higher natural gas costs or decreases in the 
price of other energy sources may enhance competition and encourage customers to convert their gas-fired equipment 
to systems that use alternative energy sources, thus lowering natural gas deliveries and earnings.  Price considerations 
could also inhibit customer and revenue growth if builders and developers do not perceive natural gas to be a better 
value than other energy options and elect to install heating systems that use an energy source other than natural gas. 

Inability to complete necessary or desirable pipeline expansion or infrastructure development projects.

In order to serve new customers or expand service to existing customers, the Company needs to maintain, expand or 
upgrade its distribution, transmission and/or storage infrastructure, including new pipeline installation. Various factors 
may prevent or delay the completion of such projects or make them more costly, such as the inability to obtain 
required approval from local, state and/or federal regulatory and governmental bodies, public opposition to the 
projects, inability to obtain adequate financing, competition for labor and materials, construction delays, cost overruns, 
and an inability to negotiate acceptable agreements relating to rights-of-way, construction or other material 
development components. As a result, the Company may not be able to adequately serve existing customers or expand 
its distribution system to support customer growth, including any potential customer growth as a result of the 
construction of the MVP, which would negatively impact earnings. 

REGULATORY RISKS

Increased compliance and pipeline safety requirements and fines.

The Company is committed to the safe and reliable delivery of natural gas to its customers.  Working in concert with 
this commitment are numerous federal and state laws and regulations. Failure to comply with these laws and 
8

 
 
regulations could result in the levy of significant fines.  There are inherent risks that may be beyond the Company’s 
control, including third party actions, which could result in damage to pipeline facilities, injury and even death.   Such 
incidents could subject the Company to lawsuits, large fines, increased scrutiny and loss of customers, all of which 
could have a significant effect on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

Environmental laws or regulations.

The combustion of natural gas results in carbon related emissions.  Passage of new environmental legislation or 
implementation of regulations that mandate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions or other similar restrictions could 
have a negative effect on the Company’s core operations and its investment in the LLC.  Such legislation could impose 
limitations on greenhouse gas emissions, require funding of new energy efficiency objectives, impose new operational 
requirements or lead to other additional costs to the Company.  Regulations restricting or prohibiting the use of coal as 
a fuel for electric power generation has increased the demand for natural gas, and could at some point potentially 
result in natural gas supply concerns and higher costs for natural gas.  Legislation or regulations could limit the 
exploration and development of natural gas reserves, making the price of natural gas less competitive and less 
attractive as a fuel source for consumers, resulting in reduced deliveries and earnings.

Regulatory actions or failure to obtain timely rate relief.

The Company’s natural gas distribution operations are regulated by the SCC.  The SCC approves the rates that the 
Company charges its customers.  If the SCC did not allow rates that provided for the timely recovery of costs or a 
reasonable rate of return on investment in natural gas distribution facilities, earnings could be negatively impacted.  
Issuance of debt and equity by our subsidiaries are also subject to SCC regulation and approval.  Delays or lack of 
approvals could inhibit the ability to access capital markets and negatively impact liquidity or earnings.

FINANCIAL RISKS

Access to capital to maintain liquidity.

The Company relies on a variety of capital sources to operate its business and fund capital expenditures, including 
internally generated cash from operations, short-term borrowings under its line-of-credit, proceeds from the issuance 
of additional shares of its common stock and other sources.  Access to a line-of-credit is essential to provide seasonal 
funding of natural gas operations and provide capital budget bridge financing.  Access to capital markets and other 
long-term funding sources is important for capital outlays and funding of the LLC investment.  The ability of the 
Company to maintain and renew its line-of-credit and to secure longer-term financing is critical to operations.  
Adverse market trends, market disruptions or deterioration in the financial condition of the Company could increase 
the cost of borrowing, restrict the Company's ability to issue additional shares of its common stock or otherwise limit 
the Company’s ability to secure adequate funding. 

Insurance coverage may not be sufficient.

The Company currently has liability and property insurance to cover a variety of exposures and perils.  Although 
management considers the level of coverage to be appropriate, the insurance policies are subject to certain limits and 
deductibles.  Insurance coverage for risks against which the Company and its industry peers typically insure may not 
be offered in the future or such policies may expand exclusions that limit the amount of coverage or remove certain 
risks completely as insured events.  Furthermore, litigation awards continue to increase significantly and the limits of 
insurance may not keep pace accordingly.  The proceeds received from any such insurance may not be paid in a timely 
manner.  The occurrence of any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial 
position, results of operations and cash flows.

Post-retirement benefits and related funding of obligations.

The costs of providing defined benefit pension and retiree medical plans are dependent on a number of factors such as 
the rates of return on plan assets, discount rates used in determining plan liabilities, the level of interest rates used to 
measure the required minimum funding levels of the plan, future government regulation, changes in life expectancy, 
and required or voluntary contributions made to the plan.  Changes in actuarial assumptions and differences between 
the assumptions and actual results, as well as a significant decline in the value of investments that fund these plans, if 
not offset or mitigated by a decline in plan liabilities, could increase the expense of these plans and require significant 

9

additional funding.  Both funding obligations and increased expense could have a material impact on the Company's 
financial position, results of operation and cash flows.

Failure to comply with debt covenant requirements.

The Company's long-term debt obligations and bank line of credit contain financial covenants. Noncompliance with 
any of these covenants could result in an event of default which, if not cured or waived, could accelerate payment on 
outstanding debt obligations or cause prepayment penalties.  In such an event, the Company may not be able to 
refinance or repay all of its indebtedness, pay dividends or have sufficient liquidity to meet operating and capital 
expenditure requirements. Any such acceleration would cause a material adverse change in our financial condition.

Item 1B. 

Unresolved Staff Comments.

Not applicable.

Item 2. 

Properties.

Included in “Utility Plant” on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet are storage plant, transmission plant, 
distribution plant and general plant of Roanoke Gas as categorized by natural gas utilities. The Company has 
approximately 1,135 miles of transmission and distribution pipeline with transmission and distribution plant 
representing more than 87% of the total investment in plant. The transmission and distribution pipelines are located on 
or under public roads and highways or private property for which the Company has obtained the legal authorization and 
rights to operate.

Roanoke Gas owns and operates eight metering stations through which it measures and regulates the gas being 
delivered by its suppliers. These stations are located at various points throughout the Company’s distribution system.

Roanoke Gas also owns a liquefied natural gas storage facility located in Botetourt County that has the capacity to store 
up to 220,000 DTH of natural gas.

The Company’s executive, accounting and business offices, along with its maintenance and service departments, are 
located on Kimball Avenue in Roanoke, Virginia.

Although the Company considers its present properties to be adequate, management continues to evaluate the adequacy 
of its current facilities as additional needs arise.

Item 3. 

Legal Proceedings.

The Company is not known to be a party to any pending legal proceedings.

Item 4. 

Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

10

 
 
 
Item 5. 

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities.

PART II

Market Information

Resources' common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Market under the trading symbol RGCO.  Payment of 
dividends is within the discretion of the Board of Directors and depends on, among other factors, earnings, capital 
requirements, and the operating and financial condition of the Company. 

Year Ending September 30, 2017
 First Quarter

 Second Quarter

 Third Quarter

 Fourth Quarter

Year Ending September 30, 2016
 First Quarter

 Second Quarter

 Third Quarter

 Fourth Quarter

$

$

Range of Bid Prices

Cash Dividends

High

Low

Declared

$

$

20.04

22.51

31.99

29.95

15.96

15.59

17.33

16.73

$

$

15.81

16.60

21.00

23.65

13.37

13.77

14.30

14.88

0.1450

0.1450

0.1450

0.1450

0.1350

0.1350

0.1350

0.1350

As of November 24, 2017, there were 1,159 holders of record of the Company’s common stock. This number does not 
include all beneficial owners of common stock who hold their shares in “street name.”

Comparisons of Cumulative Total Shareholder Returns

The following performance graph compares the Company’s total shareholder return from September 30, 2012 through 
September 30, 2017 with the Dow Jones US Utility Index, a utility based index, and the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock 
Index (S&P 500 Index), a broad market index.

The graph below reflects the value of a hypothetical investment of $100 made September 30, 2012 in the Company’s 
common stock and in each index as of September 30, 2017, assuming the reinvestment of all dividends. Historical stock 
price performance as reflected on the graph is not indicative of future price performance. The total value at the end of 
the five years was $300 for the Company’s common stock, $180 for the Dow Jones US Utilities Index and $194 for the 
S&P 500 Index.

11

 
A summary of the Company’s equity compensation plans follows as of September 30, 2017:

Plan category
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

Total

(a)

(b)

(c)

Number of securities
to be issued upon
exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights

Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding
options, warrants
and rights

Number of securities
remaining available
for future issuance
under equity
compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in column
(a))

101,575

—

101,575

$14.31

—

$14.31

576,018

—

576,018

12

 
Item 6. 

Selected Financial Data.

Operating Revenues

Gross Margin

Operating Income

Net Income
Basic Earnings Per Share (1)
Cash Dividends Declared Per Share (1)
Book Value Per Share (1)
Average Shares Outstanding (1)
Total Assets

Long-Term Debt (Less Unamortized
Debt Expense)

Stockholders' Equity
Shares Outstanding at Sept. 30(1)

Year Ending September 30,

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

$ 62,296,870

$ 59,063,291

$ 68,189,607

$ 75,016,134

$ 63,205,666

32,809,157

31,564,914

30,206,433

29,337,089

27,602,891

11,666,309

11,212,092

10,006,192

6,232,865

5,806,866

5,094,415

9,681,868

4,708,440

8,795,055

4,262,052

$

$

$

0.86

0.58

8.29

$

$

$

0.81

0.54

7.75

$

$

$

0.72

0.51

7.43

$

$

$

0.67

0.49

7.35

$

$

$

0.60

1.15

7.01

7,218,686

7,149,906

7,092,315

7,073,218

7,048,091

$183,135,071

$165,552,849

$145,847,194

$137,423,321

$121,658,797

$ 61,312,011

$ 33,636,051

$ 30,316,573

$ 30,306,919

$ 12,984,169

60,040,472

55,667,072

52,840,991

52,020,847

49,502,422

7,240,846

7,182,434

7,112,247

7,080,567

7,063,989

(1)Total shares and per share amounts for the prior years were revised to reflect the three-for-two stock split. 

Item 7. 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements that relate to future transactions, events or expectations.  RGC 
Resources, Inc. (“Resources” or the “Company”) may publish forward-looking statements relating to such matters as 
anticipated financial performance, business prospects, technological developments, new products, research and 
development activities and similar matters.  These statements are based on management’s current expectations and 
information available at the time of such statements and are believed to be reasonable and are made in good faith.  The 
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements.  In order to 
comply with the terms of the safe harbor, the Company notes that a variety of factors could cause the Company’s actual 
results and experience to differ materially from the anticipated results or expectations expressed in the Company’s 
forward-looking statements.  The risks and uncertainties that may affect the operations, performance, development and 
results of the Company’s business include, but are not limited to, those set forth in the following discussion and within 
Item 1A “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  All of these factors are difficult to predict and many are 
beyond the Company’s control.  Accordingly, while the Company believes its forward-looking statements to be 
reasonable, there can be no assurance that they will approximate actual experience or that the expectations derived from 
them will be realized.  When used in the Company’s documents or news releases, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” 
“intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” “objective,” “projection,” “forecast,” “budget,” “assume,” “indicate” or similar 
words or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “can,” “could” or “may” are intended to 
identify forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements reflect the Company’s current expectations only as of the date they are made.  The 
Company assumes no duty to update these statements should expectations change or actual results differ from current 
expectations except as required by applicable laws and regulations.

13

Overview

Resources is an energy services company primarily engaged in the regulated sale and distribution of natural gas to 
approximately 59,800 residential, commercial and industrial customers in Roanoke, Virginia, and the surrounding 
localities, through its Roanoke Gas Company (“Roanoke Gas”) subsidiary.  Roanoke Gas also provides certain 
unregulated services.  Resources formed a wholly-owned subsidiary, RGC Midstream, LLC ("Midstream"), to invest in 
the Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC (the "LLC").  Midstream is a 1% member in the LLC.  More information is 
provided under the Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline section below.  The unregulated operations represent 
less than 2% of revenues and margins of Resources.

The utility operations of Roanoke Gas are regulated by the Virginia State Corporation Commission (“SCC”), which 
oversees the terms, conditions, and rates to be charged to customers for natural gas service, safety standards, extension 
of service, accounting and depreciation.  The Company is also subject to federal regulation from the Department of 
Transportation in regard to the construction, operation, maintenance, safety and integrity of its transmission and 
distribution pipelines. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ("FERC") regulates prices for the transportation and 
delivery of natural gas to the Company’s distribution system and underground storage services.  The Company is also 
subject to other regulations which are not necessarily industry specific.

The Company is committed to the safe and reliable delivery of natural gas to its customers.  Since 1991, the Company 
has placed an emphasis on the modernization of its distribution system through the renewal and replacement of its cast 
iron and bare steel natural gas distribution pipelines and other system improvements.  The Company completed the 
replacement of all cast iron and bare steel pipe in the first quarter of fiscal 2017 and is continuing its renewal program 
with the replacement of first generation, pre-1973 plastic pipe to be completed over the next few years.

The Company is also dedicated to the safeguarding of its information technology systems.  These systems contain 
confidential customer, vendor and employee information as well as important financial data.  There is risk associated 
with the unauthorized access of this information with a malicious intent to corrupt data, cause operational disruptions, 
or compromise information.  Management believes it has taken reasonable security measures to protect these systems 
from cyber attacks and other types of incidents; however, there can be no guarantee that an incident will not occur.  In 
the event of a cyber incident, the Company will execute its Security Incident Response Plan to assist with managing the 
incident.  The Company also maintains cyber-insurance coverage to mitigate financial implications resulting from a 
cyber incident.

More than 98% of the Company’s revenues are derived from the sale and delivery of natural gas to Roanoke Gas 
customers.  The SCC authorizes the rates and fees the Company charges its customers for these services.  These rates 
are designed to provide the Company with the opportunity to recover its gas and non-gas expenses and to earn a 
reasonable rate of return for shareholders based on normal weather.  Normal weather refers to the average number of 
heating degree days (an industry measure by which the average daily temperature falls below 65 degrees Fahrenheit) 
over the most recent 30-year period.  

As the Company’s business is seasonal in nature, volatility in winter weather and the commodity price of natural gas, 
can impact the effectiveness of the Company’s rates in recovering its costs and providing a reasonable return for its 
shareholders.  In order to mitigate the effect of weather variations, the Company has certain approved rate mechanisms 
in place that help provide stability in earnings, adjust for volatility in the price of natural gas and provide a return on  
qualified infrastructure investment.  These mechanisms include a purchased gas adjustment factor ("PGA"), weather 
normalization adjustment factor ("WNA"), inventory carrying cost revenue ("ICC") and a Steps to Advance Virginia 
Energy ("SAVE") adjustment rider.  

The Company's approved billing rates include a component designed to allow for the recovery of the cost of natural gas 
used by its customers. The cost of natural gas is considered a pass-through cost and is independent of the non-gas rates 
of the Company. This rate component, referred to as the PGA clause, allows the Company to pass along to its customers 
increases and decreases in natural gas costs incurred by its regulated operations. On a quarterly basis, the Company 
files a PGA rate adjustment request with the SCC to adjust the gas cost component of its rates up or down depending on 
projected price and activity. Once administrative approval is received, the Company adjusts the gas cost component of 
its rates to reflect the approved amount. As actual costs will differ from the projections used in establishing the PGA 
rate, the Company will either over-recover or under-recover its actual gas costs during the period. The difference 
between actual costs incurred and costs recovered through the application of the PGA is recorded as a regulatory asset 
or liability. At the end of the annual deferral period, the balance is amortized over an ensuing 12-month period as 
amounts are reflected in customer billings.

14

The WNA reduces the volatility in earnings due to the variability in temperatures during the heating season.  The WNA 
is based on the most recent 30-year temperature average and provides the Company with a level of earnings protection 
when weather is warmer than normal and provides its customers with price protection when the weather is colder than 
normal.  The WNA allows the Company to recover from its customers the lost margin (excluding gas costs) from the 
impact of weather that is warmer than normal and correspondingly requires the Company to refund the excess margin 
earned for weather that is colder than normal.  The WNA year runs from April through March.  Any billings or refunds 
related to the WNA are completed following the end of the WNA year. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2017, 
the Company recorded $1,839,000 in additional revenue from the WNA for weather that was approximately 18% 
warmer than normal.  During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016, the Company recorded $1,318,000 in 
additional revenue for the WNA for weather that was approximately 13% warmer than normal.  During the fiscal year 
ended September 30, 2015, the Company reduced revenue by $609,000 due to the WNA for weather that was 
approximately 6.5% colder than normal. As normal weather is based on the most recent 30-year temperature average, 
the heating degree days used to determine normal will change each year as a new year is added to the 30-year period 
and the oldest year is removed.   As a result of two consecutive years of significantly warmer winters, the number of 
heating degree days that defines normal has declined from 4,000 in fiscal 2013 to 3,959 in fiscal 2017.  The Company's 
rates are designed on 4,000 heating degree days from its last non-gas rate filing; however, the WNA model is 
recovering on the current normal of 3,959 heating degree days, or about 1% less than for what the rates were designed 
to recover.  The 30-year normal will not be reset in base rates until the next time the Company files for a non-gas rate 
increase, so until such time as normal is reset, the WNA may slightly under-recover for warmer weather.

The Company also has an approved rate structure in place that mitigates the impact of financing costs of its natural gas 
inventory.  Under this rate structure, Roanoke Gas recognizes revenue for the financing costs, or “carrying costs”, of its 
investment in natural gas inventory. The ICC factor applied to average inventory is based on the Company’s weighted-
average cost of capital including interest rates on short-term and long-term debt and the Company’s authorized return 
on equity.  

During times of rising gas costs and rising inventory levels, the Company recognizes ICC revenues to offset higher 
financing costs associated with higher inventory balances. Conversely, during times of decreasing gas costs and 
declining inventory balances, the Company recognizes less carrying cost revenue as financing costs are lower.  In 
addition, ICC revenues are impacted by changes in the weighted-average cost of capital.   Although, the cost balance of 
storage gas at September 30, 2017 was higher than last year due to higher prices during the summer storage refill, the 
average balance during the year, which is the base used to calculate ICC revenues, was lower by 5%.  Furthermore, 
increased borrowing levels in fiscal 2017 reduced the overall weighted average cost of capital, or ICC factor, as the 
debt to equity ratio increased.  The combination of lower average storage balances and a reduction in the ICC factor 
resulted in a nearly $63,000 decline in ICC revenues.   This trend in lower average storage balances and ICC factor in 
fiscal 2016  resulted in a $182,000 decline in ICC revenues from fiscal 2015.  Based on the current storage balances 
and natural gas futures, the average dollar balance of gas in storage may increase next year; however, an expected 
increase in debt will potentially reduce the ICC factor and corresponding ICC revenues.

Generally, as investment in natural gas inventory increases so does the level of borrowing under the Company’s line-of-
credit.  However, as the carrying cost factor used in determining carrying cost revenues is based on the Company’s 
weighted-average cost of capital, carrying cost revenues do not directly correspond with incremental financing costs 
generally provided by the line-of-credit.  Therefore, when inventory cost balances decline due to a reduction in 
commodity prices, net income will decline as carrying cost revenues decrease by a greater amount than the line-of-
credit costs decrease.  The inverse occurs when inventory costs increase.  

The Company’s non-gas rates are designed to allow for the recovery of non-gas related expenses and provide a 
reasonable return to shareholders.  These rates are determined based on the filing of a formal rate application with the 
SCC utilizing historical information including investment in natural gas facilities.  Generally, investments related to 
extending service to new customers are recovered through the additional revenues generated by the non-gas rates 
currently in place.  The investment in replacing and upgrading existing infrastructure is not recoverable until a formal 
rate application is made to include the additional investment, and new non-gas rates are approved.  The SAVE Plan and 
Rider provides the Company with the ability to recover costs related to these investments on a prospective basis rather 
than on a historical basis.  The SAVE Plan provides a mechanism to recover the related depreciation and expenses and 
provide a return on rate base of the additional capital investments related to improving the Company's infrastructure 
until such time a formal rate application is filed to incorporate this investment in the Company's non-gas rates. As the 
Company has not filed for an increase in non-gas rates since 2013, SAVE Plan revenues have increased each year 
corresponding to the level of SAVE qualifying capital investment. The Company recognized approximately $3,813,000,  

15

$2,538,000 and $1,308,000 in SAVE Plan revenues for years ended September 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.   
SAVE revenues will be included as part of the non-gas base rates the next time the Company files for a non-gas rate 
increase.  Additional information regarding the SAVE Rider is provided under the Regulatory Affairs section.

The economic environment has a direct correlation with business and industrial production, customer growth and 
natural gas utilization.  The local economy appears relatively stable and should continue to improve absent a major 
economic setback on a local, regional or national level.  

Results of Operations

Fiscal Year 2017 Compared with Fiscal Year 2016 

The table below reflects operating revenues, volume activity and heating degree-days.

Operating Revenues

Year Ended September 30,

2017

2016

Increase

Percentage

Gas Utilities

Other

Total Operating Revenues

$

$

61,252,015

1,044,855

62,296,870

$

$

58,079,990

983,301

59,063,291

$

$

3,172,025

61,554

3,233,579

5%

6%

5%

Delivered Volumes

Year Ended September 30,

Regulated Natural Gas (DTH)

 Residential and Commercial

 Transportation and Interruptible

 Total Delivered Volumes

Heating Degree Days
(Unofficial)

2017

2016

Decrease

Percentage

5,840,883

2,721,699

8,562,582

6,088,108

2,754,497

8,842,605

(247,225)
(32,798)
(280,023)

3,250

3,484

(234)

(4)%

(1)%

(3)%

(7)%

Total gas utility operating revenues for the year ended September 30, 2017 increased by 5% from the year ended 
September 30, 2016 primarily due to higher gas costs and increased SAVE Plan revenues more than offsetting a 
reduction in natural gas deliveries.  The average commodity price of natural gas increased by 11% per decatherm sold 
due to higher commodity prices.  Delivered volumes declined primarily due to weather, as reflected in the lower 
residential and commercial volumes. Industrial consumption was nearly unchanged.   Residential and commercial 
deliveries tend to be more weather sensitive as reflected by a 4% decline in volumes on 7% fewer heating degree days. 
Transportation and interruptible volumes, which are primarily driven by production activities rather than weather, 
decreased by 1%.   Other revenues experienced a 6% increase. 

Gross Margin

Year Ended September 30,

2017

2016

Increase /
(Decrease)

Percentage

Gas Utility

Other

Total Gross Margin

$

$

32,332,390

476,767

32,809,157

$

$

31,070,660

494,254

31,564,914

$

$

1,261,730
(17,487)
1,244,243

4 %

(4)%

4 %

Regulated natural gas margins from utility operations increased by 4% from fiscal 2016, primarily as a result of  
increasing SAVE Plan revenues.  Total SAVE Plan revenues increased by $1,275,000 as the Company continues to 
invest in qualified infrastructure projects.  Since January 2014, the Company has invested more than $32,000,000 in 
qualified SAVE projects with fiscal 2018 projected to add an additional $8,000,000 in SAVE investment.  Volumetric 

16

margin declined by nearly $526,000 due to a reduction in total volumes delivered.  Residential and commercial 
volumes declined due to warmer weather compared to the prior year.  Interruptible and transportation volumes were 
nearly unchanged reflecting only a small decline.   The impact of the warmer weather on volumetric margin was offset 
by the WNA, which provided approximately $522,000 in revenues.  As discussed in more detail above, the WNA 
allowed the Company to recognize margin related to those natural gas volumes not delivered due to the warmer 
weather.  ICC revenues declined by $63,000 due to lower average gas storage balance and a lower ICC factor.  

Other margins, consisting of non-utility related services, decreased by $17,487 despite higher revenues.  Higher 
operating costs made margin tighter in the non-utility services part of operations.  The service contracts which generate 
the majority of the non-utility related revenues are subject to annual or semi-annual renewal provisions and the 
potential exists that these contracts may not be renewed or extended, which could negatively impact future revenues 
and margins.

The changes in the components of the gas utility margin are summarized below:

Customer Base Charge

$

12,412,753

$

12,364,811

$

47,942

Twelve Months Ended September 30,

2017

2016

Increase /
(Decrease)

SAVE Plan

Volumetric

WNA

Carrying Cost

Other

Total

3,813,043

13,573,704

1,839,454

588,624

104,812

2,538,055

14,099,214

1,317,800

651,492

99,288

1,274,988
(525,510)
521,654
(62,868)
5,524

$

32,332,390

$

31,070,660

$

1,261,730

Operations and Maintenance Expense - Operations and maintenance expenses, in total, were nearly unchanged 
reflecting a net increase of $1,955 for the year.  Expense declines in certain areas were offset by higher expenses in 
other categories.  The most significant offsets pertain to labor, contracted services, employee benefit costs, corporate 
insurance,  capitalized overheads and bad debt expense.  Total operation and maintenance labor declined by $158,000 
primarily as a result of the outsourcing of the Company's customer service, billing and credit and collection functions.  
Management made a strategic decision to transfer these operations to a provider that has significant experience in 
serving utility clients.  In July 2017, the Company transitioned to the service provider, resulting in a reduction of 18 
employees.  The personnel savings from this work force reduction was offset by the fees paid to the service provider.  
Employee benefit costs increased by $195,000 due to higher health insurance premiums and higher actuarial 
determined costs on the post-retirement medical plan.  The Company realized a $251,000 reduction in corporate 
property and liability insurance premiums due to favorable insurance renewals.  Capitalized overheads, which include 
general and administrative, payroll  and engineering costs, decreased by $179,000 from fiscal 2016 primarily due to a 
reduction in the general and administrative overhead rate and less LNG overheads due to a 46% reduction in the 
amount of LNG produced.  The reduction in the  LNG production was timing related as the facility was at near full 
capacity at September 30, 2016, while the balance at September 30, 2017 was at 79% capacity.  Legal and other 
professional expenses were also lower due to reduced activity in those areas.

General Taxes - General taxes increased $122,944, or 7%, primarily due to higher property taxes associated with 
increases in utility property. 

Depreciation - Depreciation expense increased by $665,127, or 12%, corresponding to 10% increase in utility plant 
investment. 

Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Affiliate - The equity in earnings of the Mountain Valley Pipeline investment 
increased by $268,782 primarily consisting of the allowance for funds used during construction ("AFUDC") related to 
the increasing investment in the project.  The investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline and the related AFUDC earnings 
are discussed further under the Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline section below.

Other Expense - Other expense, net, decreased by $123,139, or 48%, primarily due to lower pipeline assessments and 
charitable commitments.

17

 
Interest Expense - Total interest expense increased by $280,933, or 17%, due to a 24% increase in the average total 
debt outstanding.  The combination of Mountain Valley Pipeline investments and the level of capital expenditures 
during fiscal 2017 generated the higher debt balances.  The average interest rate declined during the current year from 
3.76% to 3.56%.  The $7,000,000 unsecured note issued on November 1,  2016 had a variable rate that ranged from 
1.43% to 2.14% during the year, which was lower than the average rate on the outstanding debt during fiscal 2016.

Income Taxes - Income tax expense increased by $139,206, or 4%, on higher pre-tax earnings.  The effective tax rate 
was 37.9% for fiscal 2017 compared to 38.7% for fiscal 2016.  The lower effective tax rate was attributable to the 
exercise of stock options during the year, which resulted in additional tax deductions above the amount recorded at 
grant date due to the significant appreciation in stock price over the grant price. 

Net Income and Dividends - Net income for fiscal 2017 was $6,232,865 compared to $5,806,866 for fiscal 2016.  
Basic and diluted earnings per share were $0.86 in fiscal 2017 compared to $0.81 in fiscal 2016.  Dividends declared 
per share of common stock were $0.58 in fiscal 2017 compared to $0.54 in fiscal 2016.   All per share amounts were 
restated for the three-for-two stock split effective March 1, 2017 as described in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial 
Statements.

Fiscal Year 2016 Compared with Fiscal Year 2015 

The table below reflects operating revenues, volume activity and heating degree-days.

Operating Revenues

Year Ended September 30,

2016

2015

Gas Utilities

Other

Total Operating Revenues

$

$

58,079,990

983,301

59,063,291

$

$

67,094,290

1,095,317

68,189,607

$

$

Decrease
(9,014,300)
(112,016)
(9,126,316)

Percentage

(13)%

(10)%

(13)%

Delivered Volumes

Year Ended September 30,

Regulated Natural Gas (DTH)

 Residential and Commercial

 Transportation and Interruptible

 Total Delivered Volumes

Heating Degree Days
(Unofficial)

2016

2015

Decrease

Percentage

6,088,108

2,754,497

8,842,605

6,955,594

2,919,413

9,875,007

(867,486)
(164,916)
(1,032,402)

3,484

4,253

(769)

(12)%

(6)%

(10)%

(18)%

Total gas utility operating revenues for the year ended September 30, 2016 declined by 13% from the year ended 
September 30, 2015 primarily due to a combination of lower gas costs and a reduction in natural gas deliveries more 
than offsetting revenues from the SAVE plan rider and WNA.  The average commodity price of natural gas declined by 
28% per decatherm sold.  Delivered volumes declined primarily due to warmer weather, as reflected in the lower 
residential and commercial volumes. Industrial consumption also declined, causing a reduction in transportation and 
interruptible volumes.   The more weather sensative residential and commercial deliveries  declined by 12% on 18% 
fewer heating degree days. Transportation and interruptible volumes decreased by 6%.   Other revenues experienced a 
10% decrease.  Approximately half of the decrease in other revenues was attributable to the cessation of operations for 
Utility Consultants during fiscal 2015 and Application Resources during fiscal 2016. 

18

 
Gross Margin

Year Ended September 30,

2016

2015

Increase /
(Decrease)

Percentage

Gas Utility

Other

Total Gross Margin

$

$

31,070,660

494,254

31,564,914

$

$

29,656,975

549,458

30,206,433

$

$

1,413,685
(55,204)
1,358,481

5 %

(10)%

4 %

Regulated natural gas margins from utility operations increased by 5% from fiscal 2015, primarily as a result of WNA 
revenues, increasing SAVE Plan revenues and customer base charges related to customer growth more than offsetting 
lower volumetric margins and ICC revenues.  SAVE Plan revenues increased by $1,230,000 as the Company was in the 
third year of the current SAVE Plan. The growth in SAVE Plan revenues has been fueled by the Company's pipeline 
renewal program and investment in eligible SAVE Plan infrastructure projects.  As noted above, volumetric margin 
declined due to a reduction in total volumes delivered.  Residential and commercial volumes declined due to much 
warmer weather compared to the prior year.  Interruptible and transportation volumes declined due to a combination of 
reduced activity at one large customer, the closing of another industrial customer's operations during the prior fiscal 
year and a significant decrease in usage by another industrial customer that uses natural gas as its back up fuel source.   
The impact of the warmer weather on volumetric margin was offset by the WNA mechanism. ICC revenues continued 
to decline with a $182,000 reduction in fiscal 2016 compared to fiscal 2015 due to lower commodity prices and a lower 
ICC factor.  

Other margins, consisting of non-utility related services, decreased by $55,204 on comparable activity.  The Utility 
Consultants, which ceased activity in fiscal 2015, and Application Resources, which terminated in fiscal 2016, 
accounted for approximately $25,000 of the reduction in  non-utility related margin.  The remainder of the decrease in 
other margins is attributable to the level of activity under these contracts which fluctuates based on customer 
requirements.

The changes in the components of the gas utility margin are summarized below:

Customer Base Charge

$

12,364,811

$

12,240,580

$

124,231

Twelve Months Ended September 30,

2016

2015

Increase /
(Decrease)

SAVE Plan

Volumetric

WNA

Carrying Cost

Other

Total

2,538,055

14,099,214

1,317,800

651,492

99,288

1,307,795

15,757,907
(608,560)
833,291

125,962

$

31,070,660

$

29,656,975

$

1,230,260
(1,658,693)
1,926,360
(181,799)
(26,674)
1,413,685

Operations and Maintenance Expense - Operations and maintenance expenses declined by $388,799, or 3%, from 
fiscal 2015 due to much higher overhead capitalization and lower bad debt expenses more than offsetting higher benefit 
and labor costs.  Capitalized overheads increased by 30%, or nearly $873,000,  over fiscal 2015 due to higher benefit 
costs, a 30% increase in capital expenditures and a 38% increase in the amount of LNG produced.  In addition, bad debt 
expense declined by $77,000 due to the combination of reduced sales related to much warmer weather, lower gas costs 
and level of collections on previously written off accounts.   Total benefit costs increased by $456,000 due to increased 
pension and postretirement medical costs related to the amortization of higher actuarial losses attributable to the 
adoption of a new mortality table that reflects extended life expectancies.  Operating and maintenance labor costs 
increased by $141,000, or 2%, due to normal wage adjustments.  The remaining decrease relates to a variety of areas, 
including the level of contracted and professional services, as the prior year included expenses related to the union 
contract negotiations and due diligence work related to the investment in the LLC.

General Taxes - General taxes increased $56,705, or 4%, primarily due to higher property taxes associated with 
increases in utility property. 

19

 
Depreciation - Depreciation expense increased by $484,675, or more than 9%, corresponding to a similar increase in 
utility plant investment. 

Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Affiliate - The investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline began in fiscal 2016 
and the $152,864 equity in earnings is primarily attributed to AFUDC income.  More information regarding the 
investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline  is located under the Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline section 
below.

Other Expense - Other expense, net, increased by $26,789, or 12%, primarily due to higher pipeline assessments and 
multi-year charitable commitments. 

Interest Expense - Total interest expense increased by $123,902, or 8%, due to a 15% increase in the average debt 
outstanding.  The increase in average debt levels was attributable to financing the investments in Mountain Valley 
Pipeline and SAVE related projects and other capital improvements. 

Income Taxes - Income tax expense increased by $495,622, or 16%, on higher pre-tax earnings.  The effective tax rate 
was 38.7% for fiscal 2016 compared to 38.4% for fiscal 2015.

Net Income and Dividends - Net income for fiscal 2016 was $5,806,866 compared to $5,094,415 for fiscal 2015.  
Basic and diluted earnings per share were $0.81 in fiscal 2016 compared to $0.72 in fiscal 2015.  Dividends declared 
per share of common stock were $0.54 in fiscal 2016 compared to $0.51 in fiscal 2015.  All per share amounts were 
restated for the three-for-two stock split effective March 1, 2017.

Capital Resources and Liquidity

Due to the capital intensive nature of the utility business, as well as the related weather sensitivity, the Company’s 
primary capital needs are for the funding of its continuing construction program, the seasonal funding of its natural gas 
inventories and accounts receivables and payment of dividends.  To meet these needs, the Company relies on its 
operating cash flows, line-of-credit agreement, long-term debt and capital raised through the Company’s stock plans.

Cash and cash equivalents decreased by $573,612 in fiscal 2017 and $341,982 in fiscal 2016 compared to an increase 
of $135,477 in fiscal 2015.  The following table summarizes the categories of sources and uses of cash:

Cash Flow Summary

Year Ended September 30,

Net cash provided by operating activities

Net cash used in investing activities

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash Flows Provided by Operating Activities:

2017

2016

2,015

$

$

$

12,980,978
(23,492,555)
9,937,965
(573,612) $

$

14,921,640
(20,996,501)
5,732,879
(341,982) $

16,760,827
(13,750,274)
(2,875,076)
135,477

The seasonal nature of the natural gas business causes operating cash flows to fluctuate significantly during the year as 
well as from year to year.  Factors, including weather, energy prices, natural gas storage levels and customer 
collections, all contribute to working capital levels and related cash flows.  Generally, operating cash flows are positive 
during the second and third quarters as a combination of earnings, declining storage gas levels and collections on 
customer accounts all contribute to higher cash levels.  During the first and fourth quarters, operating cash flows 
generally decrease due to the combination of increasing natural gas storage levels and rising customer receivable 
balances.

Cash provided by operating activities was $12,981,000 in fiscal 2017, $14,922,000 in fiscal 2016 and $16,761,000 in 
fiscal 2015.  Cash provided by operating activities decreased by more than $1,900,000 from last year primarily as a 
result of  natural gas commodity prices ending their steady price decline and a smaller increase in deferred tax liabilities 
associated with the continuation of bonus depreciation.  Commodity prices had been declining since 2014, resulting in 
lower natural gas storage costs.  During fiscal 2017, natural gas prices reversed this trend and increased, resulting in 
higher cost of gas in storage.  The Company continues to benefit from the application of bonus depreciation for federal 

20

 
income tax purposes with much higher first year tax deductions on assets placed in service; however, the growth in the 
tax benefit has been at a smaller rate.  The Company has been claiming an initial tax deduction each year on 50% of the 
cost of most of the utility assets placed in service since 2008 with 100% bonus depreciation in effect during 2011.  As a 
result of the bonus depreciation claimed during this time, the federal tax depreciation base is considerably smaller on 
these assets for all years following the year in which bonus depreciation deduction was claimed.  Deferred tax has 
continued to increase due to the growth in capital expenditures by the Company.  However, 50% bonus depreciation 
declines to 40% in 2018 and 30% in 2019.  Absent any changes to current tax law, bonus depreciation will end after 
2019.  With projected capital expenditures expected to remain near fiscal 2017 levels and the scheduled phase out of 
bonus depreciation, deferred taxes are expected to reverse in the near future resulting in cash outflows as these taxes are 
paid. A summary of the key components of the cash flows from operating activities is provided below:

Cash Flows From Operating Activities:

2017

2016

Increase (Decrease)

Twelve Months Ended September 30,

  Net income

  Depreciation

  Decrease in gas in storage

  Increase in deferred taxes

  Accounts payable and accrued expenses
  Other

Net cash provided by operating activities

$

Cash Flows Used in Investing Activities:

$

6,232,865

$

5,806,866

$

425,999

6,378,368
(265,109)
3,325,379
(989,683)
(1,700,842)
12,980,978

$

5,709,525

723,713

4,466,954

15,046
(1,800,464)
14,921,640

$

668,843
(988,822)
(1,141,575)
(1,004,729)
99,622
(1,940,662)

Investing activities primarily consist of expenditures under the Company’s construction program, which involves a 
combination of replacing aging natural gas pipe with new plastic or coated steel pipe, making improvements to the 
LNG plant and distribution facilities,  expanding its natural gas system to meet the demands of customer growth, as 
well as the continued investment in the MVP.  The Company’s expenditures related to its pipeline renewal program and 
other system and infrastructure improvements increased to more than $20,700,000 in fiscal 2017 from $18,000,000 in 
fiscal 2016 and $13,800,000 in fiscal 2015.  The Company renewed 9 miles of natural gas distribution main and 
replaced 459 services in fiscal 2017.   This compares to 14.9 miles of main and 684 services in fiscal 2016 and 10 miles 
of main and 594 services in fiscal 2015.  The Company completed the replacement of its cast iron and bare steel pipe in 
late 2016.  In addition, the Company’s capital expenditures included costs to extend natural gas distribution mains and 
services to 499 new customers in fiscal 2017 compared to 495 new customers in fiscal 2016  and 609 in fiscal 2015.  
Although the level of expenditures under the pipeline renewal program declined in fiscal 2017 as the Company 
transitioned from cast iron and bare steel to first generation plastic pipe replacement, the Company exceeded last year's 
capital spending with the completion of the automated meter reading ("AMR") project.  The AMR project involved the 
retrofitting of all customer meters with transmitters to allow consumption data to be collected remotely.  The AMR 
system provides the Company with an efficient data collection process for more reliable and accurate measure of 
natural gas usage by its customers.  Depreciation covered approximately 31% of the current year's capital expenditures 
compared to 32% for 2016 and 38% for 2015, with the balance provided from other operating cash flows and 
borrowings.

Capital expenditures are expected to remain at elevated levels over the next few years.  The Company is now focused 
on replacing the remaining pre-1973 first generation plastic pipe with polyethylene pipe.  This renewal project is 
expected to be completed by 2021.  The current capital budget for fiscal 2018 is projected at more than $20,000,000, 
consistent with fiscal 2017 levels.  In addition to the replacement of pre-1973 plastic pipe, the Company plans to invest 
approximately $3,000,000 for customer growth, replace a natural gas transfer station and reinforce sections of the 
distribution system to meet increasing demand and ensure reliability of gas service.  The Company expects to increase 
its borrowing activity to meet the funding requirements of these planned expenditures.

Investing cash flows also reflect the Company's $2,759,346 funding of its participation in the LLC.  The Company 
expects to invest a total of $35 million in the project.  Funding for the investment in the LLC is provided through a 
combination of a $25 million credit facility, which matures in 2020, and equity capital.  The Company may consider 
issuing additional common stock in 2018 to supplement the debt financing.  When the $25 million credit facility 
matures, the Company will consider its financing options, which may included longer-term debt financing.   More 

21

information regarding the credit facility is provided in Note 6 of the Consolidated Financial Statements and under the 
Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline section below.

Cash Flows Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities:

Financing activities generally consist of borrowings and repayments under debt agreements, issuance of stock and the 
payment of dividends.  As mentioned above, the Company uses its line-of-credit to fund seasonal working capital and 
provide temporary financing for capital projects, which is then converted into longer-term debt or equity financing.   
Cash flows provided by financing activities were $9,938,000 in fiscal 2017 and $5,733,000 in fiscal 2016 compared to 
cash used in financing activities of $2,875,000 in fiscal 2015.  The combination of greater capital investment related to 
the pipeline renewal program and other projects, including the Mountain Valley Pipeline, and lower cash flows from 
operating activities increased net borrowing.  As noted above, the Company's operating cash flows have declined since 
2015 as the benefits from declining natural gas prices and bonus depreciation have lessened.  The Company increased 
the net utilization of its line-of-credit by $3,235,000 to provide bridge financing for its capital budget.  The Company 
also entered into a 5-year unsecured note in the principal amount of $7,000,000 on November 1, 2016.  The proceeds 
from this note were used to convert a portion of the line-of-credit balance supporting Roanoke Gas' capital expenditures 
into a longer-term financing instrument. The remaining $2,916,000 increase in unsecured notes payable is attributable 
to the borrowing under Midstream's credit facility to finance the investment in MVP.  Proceeds from the issuance of 
stock were $968,000 under the Company's stock plans.  Dividends increased as the annualized dividend rate per share 
went from $0.51 in fiscal 2015 to $0.54 in fiscal 2016 and $0.58 in fiscal 2017. The Company’s consolidated 
capitalization was 49.4% equity and 50.6% long-term debt at September 30, 2017.  This compares to 62.2% equity and 
37.8% long-term debt at September 30, 2016.  The long-term debt as a percent of long-term capitalization increased 
significantly over last year due to the extension of the line-of-credit term to more than one year resulting in its transition 
to a non-current debt as noted below.

On March 27, 2017, Roanoke Gas entered into a new revolving line-of-credit note agreement.  The new line-of-credit 
agreement is for a two-year term expiring March 31, 2019, replacing the one-year agreement that expired on March 31, 
2017.  As the new agreement is for a two-year term, amounts drawn against the new agreement are considered to be 
non-current as the balance outstanding under the line-of-credit will not be subject to repayment within the next 12-
month period.  Therefore, the balance sheet at September 30, 2017 reflects the line-of-credit balance as part of long-
term debt while the prior year's balance is classified as a current liability.  The new agreement maintains the same 
variable interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points and availability fee of 15 basis points applied to the 
unused balance.  The new agreement also maintains the multi-tiered borrowing limits to accommodate seasonal 
borrowing demands and minimize borrowing costs.  The total available borrowing limits during the term of the new 
agreement range from $10,000,000 to $30,000,000.  The Company intends to request an extension of the agreement by 
one year prior to next March when the outstanding debt would become a current liability; however, there is no 
guarantee that the line-of-credit agreement will be extended or replaced on terms comparable to those currently in 
place.

On October 2, 2017, the Company issued two 10-year unsecured notes in the aggregate principal amount of $8,000,000 
with a fixed interest rate of 3.58% per annum.  Interest is paid semi-annually on these notes in April and October of 
each year until the notes mature.  The proceeds from these notes were used to refinance a portion of the line-of-credit 
balance outstanding at September 30, 2017 into longer-term financing.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Regulation S-K, Item 303(a)(4)(ii).

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

The Company has incurred various contractual obligations and commitments in the normal course of business.  As of 
September 30, 2017, the estimated recorded and unrecorded obligations are as follows:

22

Recorded contractual obligations:

Long-Term Debt - Notes Payable (1)

Long-Term Debt - Line of Credit (2)

Total

Less than 1
year

1-3
Years

4-5
Years

After
5 Years

Total

$

$

— $

— $ 13,312,200

$ 30,500,000

$ 43,812,200

—

17,791,760

—

—

17,791,760

— $ 17,791,760

$ 13,312,200

$ 30,500,000

$ 61,603,960

(1) See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements.  Does not include scheduled debt payments for the unsecured
notes issued on October 2, 2017.

(2) See Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements.  New line-of-credit agreement executed for a 2-year term,
expiring March 31, 2019. Amounts drawn against agreement are considered non-current as they are not subject to
repayment within 12-months.

Unrecorded contractual obligations, not
reflected in consolidated balance sheets
in accordance with US GAAP:

Less than 1
year

1-3
Years

4-5
Years

After
5 Years

Total

Pipeline and Storage Capacity (3)
Gas Supply (4)
Interest on Line-of-Credit (5)
Interest on Notes Payable (6)
Pension Plan Funding (7)
Investment in MVP (8)
Other Obligations (9)

$ 11,232,436
—
58,338
1,641,613
—
25,560,133
146,787

$ 17,746,270
—
25,800
3,283,226
—
4,741,780
10,087

$ 9,787,494
—
—
2,819,856
—
—
4,661

$ 3,067,053
—
—
15,541,764
—
—
25,540

$ 41,833,253
—
84,138
23,286,459
—
30,301,913
187,075

Total

$ 38,639,307

$ 25,807,163

$ 12,612,011

$ 18,634,357

$ 95,692,838

(3) Recoverable through the PGA process.
(4) Volumetric obligation is for the purchase of contracted decatherms of natural gas at market prices in effect at the time
of purchase.  Unable to estimate related payment obligation until time of purchase. See Note 11 to the consolidated
financial statements.
(5) Accrued interest on line-of-credit balance at September 30, 2017, including minimum facility fee on unused line-of-
credit.  See Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements.
(6) Calculated interest payments on 20-year $30.5 million Roanoke Gas Co. Prudential note payable due September 18,
2034, 5-year $7 million Roanoke Gas Co. BB&T note payable due November 01, 2021 and on the 09/30/2017 balance on
Midstream notes due December 29, 2020. See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements.  Does not include
scheduled interest payments on the unsecured notes issued on October 2, 2017.
(7) Estimated minimum funding assuming application of credit balances in plan to offset funding. Minimum funding
requirements beyond five years is not available.  See Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements for the planned
funding in fiscal 2018.
(8) Projected remaining funding of the Company's 1% interest in MVP as entered into on October 1, 2015.
(9) Various lease, maintenance, equipment and service contracts.

Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline                

On October 1, 2015, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Midstream, entered into an agreement to 
become a 1% member in the LLC.  The purpose of the LLC is to construct and operate the Mountain Valley Pipeline 
("MVP"), a natural gas pipeline connecting the Equitrans gathering and transmission system in northern West Virginia 
to the Transco interstate pipeline in south central Virginia.  This project falls under the jurisdiction of FERC and is 
subject to its approval prior to beginning construction.  On October 13, 2017, FERC issued the MVP Certificate of 
Public Convenience and Necessity ("CPCN").  Pending Virginia and West Virginia state environmental agency permits 
and other federal agency permits, it is expected that FERC will issue a construction Notice-to-Proceed ("NTP") in late 
2017 or early 2018.  If the NTP is received on this schedule, the MVP targeted in-service date is late fourth quarter of 
2018.

Management believes the investment in the LLC will be beneficial for the Company, its shareholders and southwest 
Virginia.  In addition to the potential returns from the investment in the LLC, Roanoke Gas will benefit from access to 
another source of natural gas to its distribution system.  Currently, Roanoke Gas is served by two pipelines and a 
liquefied natural gas storage facility.  Damage to or interruption in supply from any of these sources, especially during 

23

              
the winter heating season, could have a significant impact on the Company's ability to serve its customers.  A third 
pipeline would reduce the impact from such an event.  In addition, the proposed pipeline path would provide the 
Company with a more economically feasible opportunity to provide natural gas service to previously unserved areas in 
southwest Virginia.

The total project cost is anticipated to be $3.5 billion.  As a 1% member in the LLC, Midstream's cash contribution is 
expected to be approximately $35 million.  The agreement provides for a schedule of cash draws to fund the project.  
The initial payments are related to pre-construction activities including the acquisition of land, easements and materials.  
Once the NTP is received and construction begins, more significant cash draws will be required.  Initial funding for the 
investment in the LLC is provided through the Midstream credit facility under which Midstream may borrow up to a 
total of $25 million, through 2020 with the balance coming from equity capital.  The Company regularly assesses its 
overall capital needs and capital structure.  Based on these assessments and market conditions during 2018, the 
Company may fund the LLC investment with proceeds from an equity offering of the Company's common stock. 

A majority of the current earnings from the investment in MVP relates to the AFUDC income generated by the 
deployment of capital in the design, engineering, materials procurement, project management and ultimately 
construction phases of the pipeline.  AFUDC is an accounting method whereby the costs of debt and equity funds used 
to finance facility infrastructure are credited to income and charged to the cost of the project.  The level of investment 
in MVP will continue to grow at a steady pace until such time FERC issues their decision on the project.  When the 
NTP is received, construction on the pipeline should begin in earnest and both the investment in MVP and the AFUDC 
will increase at a much greater rate until the pipeline is placed in service.  Earnings after the pipeline is operational 
would be derived from the fees charged for transporting natural gas through the pipeline.

Regulatory Affairs

The Company continues to recover the costs of its infrastructure replacement program through its SAVE Plan.  On June 
30, 2017, the Company filed its 2018 SAVE Plan application with the SCC.  The original SAVE Plan and Rider were 
approved by the SCC through an order issued on August 29, 2012 and has been modified, amended or updated each 
year since.  The original SAVE Plan was designed to facilitate the accelerated replacement of the remaining bare steel 
and cast iron natural gas pipe by providing a mechanism for the Company to recover the related depreciation and 
expenses and return on rate base of the additional capital investment without the filing of a formal application for an 
increase in non-gas base rates.  The projects included under the SAVE Plan will enhance the safety and reliability of the 
Company’s gas distribution system and reduce greenhouse emissions.  The amendments in 2013 and 2014 added 
projects related to the replacement of bare steel and cast iron natural gas pipe in addition to two other major projects 
and the investment for related meter and regulator installations located on customer premises.  In 2015, the SCC 
approved the Company's request to expand the authorized annual spending variance from 10% to 20% and set a 5% 
cumulative SAVE spending variance.  This allows the Company to recover it's investment up to the new variance limits.  
The 2016 and 2017 applications included provisions to continue the ongoing pipeline renewal project with a focus on 
pre-1973 plastic pipe, replacement of natural gas custody transfer stations and the replacement of coated steel tubing 
services and related meter installations.  The 2018 SAVE Plan continues the focus on the replacement of the pre-1973 
plastic pipe and the replacement of one custody transfer station.  On September 28, 2017, the Company received SCC 
approval to implement the new 2018 SAVE rates related to the proposed qualifying SAVE investments in calendar 
2018.  The new rates are designed to provide approximately $5,000,000 in revenue, representing an increase of  
$1,000,000 over the estimated 2017 SAVE Plan year.  The additional SAVE Plan revenue as approved by the SCC will 
allow the Company to forgo a formal non-gas rate increase application at this time.

The Company currently holds the only franchises and certificates of public convenience and necessity to distribute 
natural gas in its service area.  Certificates of public convenience and necessity are issued by the SCC to provide 
service in the cities and counties in the Company's service territory.  These certificates are intended for perpetual 
duration subject to compliance and regulatory standards.  Franchises are granted by the local cities and towns served by 
the Company and are generally granted for a defined period of time.  The current franchise agreements with the City of 
Roanoke, the City of Salem and the Town of Vinton will expire December 31, 2035.

On March 25, 2015, the Company filed an application for approval of a Certificate of Public Convenience and 
Necessity with the SCC to include the remaining uncertificated portions of Franklin County into its authorized natural 
gas service territory.  On July 30, 2015, the Company filed a Motion to Stay Proceeding requesting the SCC stay the 
application request pending further progress in the review of the MVP project by FERC and reconsider the application 
at a later date.  The SCC granted the stay on July 31, 2015, which permitted the Company to continue its application 

24

request at a later date.  As FERC has issued the CPCN on the MVP project, the Company intends to request removal of 
the stay and complete the Franklin County application in fiscal 2018.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The consolidated financial statements of Resources are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally 
accepted in the United States of America.  The amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses reported in the 
Company’s financial statements are affected by accounting policies, estimates and assumptions that are necessary to 
comply with generally accepted accounting principles.  Estimates used in the financial statements are derived from 
prior experience, statistical analysis and professional judgments.  Actual results may differ significantly from these 
estimates and assumptions.

The Company considers an estimate to be critical if it is material to the financial statements and requires assumptions to 
be made that were uncertain at the time the estimate was made and changes in the estimate are reasonably likely to 
occur from period to period.  The Company considers the following accounting policies and estimates to be critical. 

Regulatory accounting - The Company’s regulated operations follow the accounting and reporting requirements of 
FASB ASC No. 980, Regulated Operations.  The economic effects of regulation can result in a regulated company 
deferring costs that have been or are expected to be recovered from customers in a period different from the period in 
which the costs would be charged to expense by an unregulated enterprise.  When this occurs, costs are deferred as 
assets in the consolidated balance sheet (regulatory assets) and recorded as expenses when such amounts are reflected 
in rates.  Additionally, regulators can impose liabilities upon a regulated company for amounts previously collected 
from customers and for current collection in rates of costs that are expected to be incurred in the future (regulatory 
liabilities).

If, for any reason, the Company ceases to meet the criteria for application of regulatory accounting treatment for all or 
part of its operations, the Company would remove the applicable regulatory assets or liabilities from the balance sheet 
and include them in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the period in which the 
discontinuance occurred.

Revenue recognition - Regulated utility sales and transportation revenues are based upon rates approved by the SCC. 
The non-gas cost component of rates may not be changed without a formal rate application and corresponding 
authorization by the SCC in the form of a Commission order; however, the gas cost component of rates may be adjusted 
quarterly through the PGA mechanism.  When the Company files a request for a non-gas rate increase, the SCC may 
allow the Company to place such rates into effect subject to refund pending a final order.  Under these circumstances, 
the Company estimates the amount of increase it anticipates will be approved based on the best available information.  
The Company also bills customers through a SAVE Rider that provides a mechanism to recover on a prospective basis 
the costs associated with the Company’s expected investment related to the replacement of natural gas distribution pipe 
and other qualifying projects.  As authorized by the SCC, the Company adjusts billed revenues monthly through the 
application of the WNA model.  As the Company's non-gas rates are established based on the 30-year temperature  
average, monthly fluctuations in temperature from the 30-year average could result in the recognition of more or less 
revenue than for what the non-gas rates were designed.  The WNA authorizes the Company to adjust monthly revenues 
for the effects of variation in weather from the 30-year average with a corresponding entry to a WNA receivable or 
WNA payable.  At the end of each WNA year, the Company will refund excess revenue collected for weather that was 
colder than the 30-year average or bill the customer for revenue short-fall for weather that was warmer than normal.  As 
required under the provisions of FASB ASC No. 980, Regulated Operations, the Company recognizes billed revenue 
related to the SAVE projects and from the WNA to the extent such revenues have been earned under the provisions 
approved by the SCC.

The Company bills its regulated natural gas customers on a monthly cycle. The billing cycle for most customers does 
not coincide with the accounting periods used for financial reporting.  The Company accrues estimated revenue for 
natural gas delivered to customers but not yet billed during the accounting period based on weather during the period 
and current and historical data.  The financial statements include unbilled revenue of $965,683 and $1,004,061 as of 
September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts - The Company evaluates the collectability of its accounts receivable balances 
based upon a variety of factors including loss history, level of delinquent account balances, collections on previously 
written off accounts and general economic conditions.  The Company recently outsourced its credit and collections 
function as part of its strategic decision to move the call center, billing and other customer service functions to a third 

25

party provider with significant utility experience.  These changes will impact the current valuation model for accounts 
receivable, which used historical information based on collection functions previously handled by Company personnel. 

Pension and Postretirement Benefits - The Company offers a defined benefit pension plan (“pension plan”) and a 
postretirement medical and life insurance plan (“postretirement plan”) to eligible employees.  The expenses and 
liabilities associated with these plans, as disclosed in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements, are based on 
numerous assumptions and factors, including provisions of the plans, employee demographics, contributions made to 
the plan, return on plan assets and various actuarial calculations, assumptions and accounting requirements.  In regard 
to the pension plan, specific factors include assumptions regarding the discount rate used in determining future benefit 
obligations, expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, compensation increases and life expectancies.  Similarly, 
the postretirement medical plan also requires the estimation of many of the same factors as the pension plan in addition 
to assumptions regarding the rate of medical inflation and Medicare availability.  Actual results may differ materially 
from the results expected from the actuarial assumptions due to changing economic conditions, differences in actual 
returns on plan assets, different rates of medical inflation, volatility in interest rates and changes in life expectancy.  
Such differences may result in a material impact on the amount of expense recorded in future periods or the value of the 
obligations on the balance sheet.

In selecting the discount rate to be used in determining the benefit liability, the Company utilized the Citigroup yield 
curves which incorporate the rates of return on high-quality, fixed-income investments that corresponded to the length 
and timing of benefit streams expected under both the pension plan and postretirement plan.  The Company used a 
discount rate of 3.72% and 3.69%, respectively, for valuing its pension plan liability and postretirement plan liability at 
September 30, 2017. These rates increased over the prior year by 0.30% and 0.36%, respectively.  The rise in the 
discount rate is evidenced by the 30-year Treasury rate, which increased from 2.32% to 2.86%.  However, corporate 
bond rates increased but to a lesser degree indicating that credit spreads among high quality investments narrowed 
resulting in a smaller discount rate increase.  This increase in the discount rates was the primary driver in the reduction 
of the accumulated benefit obligation on the postretirement plan.  The rise in the discount rate for the pension plan 
nearly offset the increase in liabilities associated with additional credited service and salary increases resulting in small 
increases in both the accumulated benefit obligation and the projected benefit obligation.  The Company used the 
RP-2014 Mortality Table, adjusted to 2006, with generational mortality improvements under Projection Scale MP-2016 
for the current year valuation.

The benefit plans' assets benefited from strong market returns and Company funding.  Following lower than expected 
returns in fiscal 2015, the returns on the related pension and postretirement assets for fiscal 2016 and 2017 exceeded the 
corresponding long-term rate of return assumptions for both plans.  Furthermore, in fiscal 2017, the Company 
contributed $1,000,000 to each of the plans, which well exceeded the cash outflows for benefit payments.  The 
combination of better than expected returns, higher funding levels and increase in the discount rate improved the 
funded status of the pension and postretirement plans by $3,143,000 and $2,406,000, respectively. The combination of 
higher asset totals and higher discount rate also served to reduce pension and postretirement expense in fiscal 2018.

Funded status - September 30, 2017

Benefit Obligation

Fair value of assets

Funded status

Funded status - September 30, 2016

Benefit Obligation

Fair value of assets

Funded status

Pension

Postretirement

Total

29,657,347

$

17,666,812

$

47,324,159

26,418,671
(3,238,676) $

12,691,162
(4,975,650) $

39,109,833
(8,214,326)

Pension

Postretirement

Total

29,494,950

$

18,504,710

$

47,999,660

23,113,057
(6,381,893) $

11,122,783
(7,381,927) $

34,235,840
(13,763,820)

$

$

$

$

Accurately forecasting future interest rates and investment returns is nearly impossible.  Interest rates have been low for 
several years and just recently began to move higher.  Investment returns from the equity market have been strong the 
last two years; however, concern exists that current market valuations may be too high, which could be a prelude to a 
market correction.  The variability in interest rates and investment returns create the potential for volatility in the 
Company's benefit plan liabilities, asset values, funded status and expense.   Increasing interest rates would serve to 
reduce the benefit liabilities but may negatively impact returns on fixed income investments in the short-term, while a 
decline in interest rates would increase benefit liabilities and provide a short-term boost to fixed income returns.  Equity 

26

markets could experience a decline in the next year, which would reduce plan assets and negatively affect the funded 
status of the plans, or equities could continue their strong performance and improve the funded status of the plans.   The 
Company cannot control the direction of interest rates or asset returns.  However the Company annually evaluates the 
returns on its targeted investment allocation model as well as the overall asset allocation of its benefit plans.  The 
investment policy as of the measurement date in September reflected a targeted allocation of 60% equity and 40% fixed 
income on the pension plan and a targeted allocation of 50% equity and 50% fixed income for the postretirement plan.  
Understanding the volatility in the markets, the Company reviews both plans potential long-term rate of return with 
their investment advisors in determining the rates used in assumptions.  As a result of this evaluation, the Company set 
its expected long-term annual return on pension assets at 7.00% and postretirement assets at 4.84% (net of income 
taxes) for fiscal 2018.  These rates are consistent with the expected long-term rates used in fiscal 2017 and appear 
reasonable based on a long-term investment horizon.  Management will continue to re-evaluate the return assumptions 
and asset allocation and adjust both as market conditions warrant.

With the inherent volatility associated with defined benefit plans, the Company continues to seek opportunities to 
reduce risk and variability related to these plans.  The Company implemented a freeze on the postretirement plan 
effective January 1, 2000, whereby no employees hired on or after that date would participate.  Employees and retirees 
that were eligible at the time of the freeze continued to participate and accrue benefits.  With regard to the pension plan, 
the Company implemented a two-part risk reduction strategy.  The first part included a one-time, lump sum pension 
benefit pay out in fiscal 2016 to vested, terminated employees who were not receiving payments under the pension plan 
at the time.  Approximately 63% of those vested, terminated employees elected to receive their lump sum payment, 
resulting in a payout of $1,242,000 from plan assets in September 2016.  These lump sum payments removed 
approximately  $1,500,000 in pension plan liabilities and reduced the number of participants on which the Pension 
Benefit Guaranty Corporation ("PBGC") premiums are determined.  The second part was to take action on the pension 
plan similar to what was done with the postretirement plan back in 2000 by closing the pension plan to new employees 
effective January 1, 2017.  Employees hired prior to that date will continue to accrue benefits.  This "soft freeze" of the 
pension plan will not provide immediate relief to the Plan in the form of reduced liabilities and lower expenses; but, 
absent changes in other variables, pension liability growth will slow and eventually decline as no new participants will 
enter the pension plan.  Likewise, pension expense will reflect this change in the future as less service cost is accrued 
due to fewer active employees in the pension plan. Furthermore, as the funded status of the plans improve, the 
Company will evaluate the possibility of revising its asset allocation targets to more closely correlate to the 
corresponding plan liabilities.  Essentially, the goal would be to match investment maturities to the timing of payment 
of benefits under the plans.  During the current fiscal year, the Company transitioned the fixed income portion of its 
pension assets into liability driven investing ("LDI").  Under the LDI approach, the fixed income portion of the 
investments are allocated to one of three separate fixed income investments that corresponded to the duration of the 
liabilities of the pension plan; a short duration investment, a middle duration investment and a longer-term duration 
investment.  No fundamental change has been made to the overall asset allocation between fixed income and equity 
other than adjusting the duration of the fixed income portion.  The matching of the asset and liability durations should 
ultimately reduce some of the volatility in these plans.

In August 2014, the Highway and Transportation Funding Act of 2014 (“HATFA”) was signed into law, which included 
a provision to extend the interest rate corridors introduced in 2012 under the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st 
Century Act (“MAP-21”).   MAP-21 provided temporary funding relief for defined benefit pension plans.  The 
requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) and the Pension Protection Act of 
2006 (PPA) subject defined benefit plans to minimum funding rules.  As a result, when interest rates are low, pension 
plan liabilities increase thereby resulting in higher mandatory contributions to meet minimum funding obligations.  
MAP-21 provided funding relief by allowing pension plans to adjust the interest rates used in determining funding 
requirements so that they are within 10% of the average of interest rates for the 25-year period preceding the current 
year for funding calculations for 2013 to within 30% for funding periods beginning in 2016.  HATFA extended the 
period of time that the 10% corridor instituted by MAP-21 may be used for funding calculations.  Under HATFA, the 
10% corridor extends through plan years that begin in 2017 and phases out to a 30% corridor in 2021 and later.  HATFA 
significantly increases the effective interest rates used in determining funding requirements and could result in a 
deterioration of the pension plan funded status resulting in much greater funding requirements in the future as well as 
higher PBGC premiums paid by sponsors of pension plans to protect participants in the event of default by the 
employer.  Management estimates that, under the provisions of HATFA, the Company will have no minimum funding 
requirements next year.  Although HATFA and MAP-21 allow the Company some funding relief, management expects 
to continue its pension funding plan by contributing at least the minimum annual pension contribution requirement or 
its expense level for subsequent years.  The Company currently expects to contribute approximately $1,600,000 to its 
pension plan and $600,000 to its postretirement plan in fiscal 2018 with a continuing goal to improve both plans' 
funded status. The Company will continue to evaluate its benefit plan funding levels in light of funding requirements 

27

and ongoing investment returns and make adjustments, as necessary, to avoid benefit restrictions and minimize PBGC 
premiums.

The following schedule reflects the sensitivity of pension costs to changes in certain actuarial assumptions, assuming 
that the other components of the calculation remain constant.

Actuarial Assumptions - Pension Plan

Discount rate

Rate of return on plan assets

Rate of increase in compensation

Change in 
Assumption

Increase in Pension 
Cost

Increase in 
Projected Benefit 
Obligation

-0.25% $
-0.25%
0.25%

123,000

$

1,225,000

66,000

53,000

N/A

292,000

The following schedule reflects the sensitivity of postretirement benefit costs from changes in certain actuarial 
assumptions, while the other components of the calculation remain constant.

Actuarial Assumptions - Postretirement Plan

Discount rate

Rate of return on plan assets

Medical claim cost increase

Change in 
Assumption

-0.25% $
-0.25%
0.25%

Increase in 
Postretirement 
Benefit Cost

Increase in 
Accumulated 
Postretirement 
Benefit Obligation

1,000

$

747,000

29,000

45,000

N/A

723,000

Derivatives - The Company may hedge certain risks incurred in its operation through the use of derivative instruments.  
The Company applies the requirements of FASB ASC No. 815, Derivatives and Hedging, which requires the 
recognition of derivative instruments as assets or liabilities in the Company’s balance sheet at fair value.  In most 
instances, fair value is based upon quoted futures prices for natural gas commodities and interest rate futures for interest 
rate swaps.  Changes in the commodity and futures markets will impact the estimates of fair value in the future.  
Furthermore, the actual market value at the point of realization of the derivative may be significantly different from the 
values used in determining fair value in prior financial statements.  The Company had one interest-rate swap 
outstanding at September 30, 2017 related to the 5-year $7,000,000 variable-rate note.  This swap agreement, which 
was entered into on November 1, 2016, becomes effective November 1, 2017.

Tax Reform

Federal corporate tax reform is currently a major legislative agenda item.  There continues to be discussion regarding 
tax legislation and improving the corporate tax environment in the United States in an effort to encourage domestic 
business development.  The key proposal is a reduction in corporate income tax rates.  In general, a change in corporate 
income tax rates would not only reduce current income tax expense but also result in an adjustment to the value of 
deferred income tax balances.  According to ASC 740-10, deferred tax assets and liabilities shall be adjusted for the 
effect of a change in tax laws and rates and the effect of such change shall be included in income from continuing 
operations for the period that includes the date of enactment.  If lower federal corporate tax rates are passed, deferred 
income taxes at the date of enactment would be reduced and the net benefit or expense would flow through income tax 
expense.  However, for Roanoke Gas, any adjustment to deferred taxes would not be reflected in the income statement.  
Instead, under the requirements of regulatory accounting, those excess deferred taxes would be reclassified to a 
regulatory liability to be refunded to the utility's customers, as the Company's non gas rates provided for the recovery of 
income taxes at a federal tax rate of 34%.  As of September 30, 2017, the Company has a net deferred tax liability of 
approximately $23,100,000 of which Roanoke Gas represented approximately $23,900,000 of that balance while the 
unregulated operations of Resources had a net deferred tax asset of $800,000.  If a corporate tax rate decrease becomes 
law, then for every one percent decrease in the federal corporate tax rate, approximately $600,000 would be transferred 
to a regulatory liability and $20,000 would be reflected as additional income tax expense in comprehensive income.  
Other proposed tax law changes may have impacts, both favorable or unfavorable, to the Company's tax expense and 
deferred tax balances.  No adjustment will be made to deferred taxes or income tax expense until such time as any 
proposed tax legislation is signed into law. 

28

Item 7A. 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

The Company is exposed to market risks associated with interest rates and commodity prices. Interest rate risk is 
related to the Company’s outstanding variable rate debt.  Commodity price risk is experienced by the Company’s 
regulated natural gas operations.  The Company’s risk management policy, as authorized by the Company’s Board of 
Directors, allows management to enter into derivatives for the purpose of managing commodity and financial market 
risks of its business operations.

Interest Rate Risk

The Company is exposed to market risk related to changes in interest rates associated with its borrowing activities.  As 
of September 30, 2017, the Company has $17,791,760 outstanding under its variable-rate line-of-credit with an average 
balance outstanding during the year of $10,936,114.  The Company also had $6,312,200 outstanding under a 5-year 
variable rate term loan and $7,000,000 outstanding on a another 5-year variable-rate which has a fixed rate swap 
effective November 1, 2017.  A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in market interest rates applicable to the 
Company’s variable-rate debt outstanding during the year would have resulted in an increase in interest expense for the 
current year of approximately $223,000.  The Company’s remaining debt is at a fixed rate.

Commodity Price Risk

The Company is also exposed to market risks through its natural gas operations associated with commodity prices.  The 
Company’s hedging and derivatives policy, as authorized by the Company’s Board of Directors, allows management to 
enter into both physical and financial transactions for the purpose of managing the commodity risk of its business 
operations.  The policy also specifies that the combination of all commodity hedging contracts for any 12-month period 
shall not exceed a total hedged volume of 90% of projected volumes.  The policy specifically prohibits the use of 
derivatives for the purposes of speculation.

The Company manages the price risk associated with purchases of natural gas by using a combination of liquefied natural 
gas  (LNG)  storage,  underground  storage  gas,  fixed  price  contracts,  spot  market  purchases  and  derivative  commodity 
instruments including futures, price caps, swaps and collars.  

At September 30, 2017, the Company had no outstanding derivative instruments to hedge the price of natural gas.  The 
Company had approximately 2,388,000 decatherms of gas in storage, including LNG, at an average price of $3.23 per 
decatherm compared to 2,537,000 decatherms at an average price of $2.93 per decatherm last year.  The SCC currently 
allows for full recovery of prudent costs associated with natural gas purchases, and any additional costs or benefits 
associated with the settlement of derivative contracts and other price hedging techniques are passed through to 
customers when realized through the regulated natural gas PGA mechanism.

Item 8. 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

29

RGC Resources, Inc.
and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Financial Statements
for the Years Ended September 30, 2017, 2016 
and 2015, and Report of Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm

30

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Financial Statements for the Years Ended September 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015:

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Statements of Income

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page

32

33

35

36

37

38

39

31

 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders
RGC Resources, Inc.
Roanoke, Virginia

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of RGC Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries (“the Company”) 
as of September 30, 2017 and 2016, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders' 
equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended September 30, 2017. RGC Resources, Inc.’s 
management is responsible for these financial statements. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated 
financial statements based on our audits. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial 
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts 
and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant 
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits 
provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial 
position of RGC Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of September 30, 2017 and 2016, and the consolidated results of its 
operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended September 30, 2017, in conformity with 
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), 
RGC Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2017, based on criteria 
established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework  - 2013 issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the 
Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated December 8, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion.

Blacksburg, Virginia
December 8, 2017

              CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS

32

 
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2017 AND 2016 

ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:

Cash and cash equivalents

Accounts receivable, net

Materials and supplies

Gas in storage

Prepaid income taxes

Interest rate swap

Other

Total current assets

UTILITY PROPERTY:

In service

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

In service, net

Construction work in progress

Utility plant, net

OTHER ASSETS:

Regulatory assets

Investment in unconsolidated affiliate

Interest rate swap

Other

Total other assets

TOTAL ASSETS

2017

2016

$

69,640

$

3,492,703

1,021,191

7,701,894

1,796,825

26,777

1,576,574

15,685,604

204,223,714
(59,765,987)
144,457,727

3,470,244

147,927,971

11,796,260

7,445,106

90,066

190,064

19,521,496

643,252

3,478,983

824,139

7,436,785

1,550,836

—

1,548,329

15,482,324

185,577,286
(56,156,287)
129,420,999

2,707,139

132,128,138

14,332,451

3,496,404

—

113,532

17,942,387

$

183,135,071

$

165,552,849

(Continued)

33

 
 
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2017 AND 2016 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:

Line-of-credit

Dividends payable

Accounts payable

Capital contributions payable

Customer credit balances

Customer deposits

Accrued expenses

Over-recovery of gas costs

Total current liabilities

LONG-TERM DEBT:

Notes payable

Line-of-credit

       Less unamortized debt issuance costs

       Long-term debt net of unamortized debt issuance costs

DEFERRED CREDITS AND OTHER LIABILITIES:

Asset retirement obligations

Regulatory cost of retirement obligations

Benefit plan liabilities

Deferred income taxes

Total deferred credits and other liabilities

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 11)

CAPITALIZATION:

Stockholders’ Equity:

Common Stock, $5 par value; authorized 10,000,000 shares; issued and
outstanding 7,240,846 and 7,182,434 shares in 2017 and 2016, respectively

Preferred stock, no par; authorized 5,000,000 shares; no shares issued and
outstanding in 2017 and 2016

Capital in excess of par value

Retained earnings

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total stockholders’ equity

2017

2016

$

— $

14,556,785

1,050,281

5,122,899

1,055,504

1,220,578

1,471,960

3,006,936

1,438,074

970,244

5,345,575

287,794

1,605,608

1,627,105

3,194,255

909,687

14,366,232

28,497,053

43,812,200

17,791,760
(291,949)
61,312,011

6,069,993

10,055,189

8,214,326

23,076,848

47,416,356

33,896,200

—
(260,149)
33,636,051

5,682,556

9,348,443

13,763,820

18,957,854

47,752,673

36,204,230

23,941,445

—

292,485

24,746,021
(1,202,264)
60,040,472

—

9,509,548

24,713,310
(2,497,231)
55,667,072

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

$

183,135,071

$

165,552,849

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

(Concluded)

34

 
 
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2017, 2016 AND 2015 

OPERATING REVENUES:

Gas utilities

Other

Total operating revenues

COST OF SALES:

Gas utilities

Other

Total cost of sales

GROSS MARGIN

OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES:
Operations and maintenance

General taxes

Depreciation and amortization

Total other operating expenses

OPERATING INCOME

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate

Other expense, net

Interest expense

INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAX EXPENSE

NET INCOME

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE:

Basic

Diluted

WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING:

Basic

Diluted

2017

2016

2015

$

61,252,015

$

58,079,990

$

67,094,290

1,044,855

62,296,870

983,301

59,063,291

1,095,317

68,189,607

28,919,625

27,009,330

568,088

29,487,713

32,809,157

489,047

27,498,377

31,564,914

13,100,041

13,098,086

1,786,070

6,256,737

21,142,848

11,666,309

421,646

132,446

1,917,254

10,038,255

3,805,390

6,232,865

0.86

0.86

$

$

$

1,663,126

5,591,610

20,352,822

11,212,092

152,864

255,585

1,636,321

9,473,050

3,666,184

5,806,866

0.81

0.81

$

$

$

37,437,315

545,859

37,983,174

30,206,433

13,486,885

1,606,421

5,106,935

20,200,241

10,006,192

—

228,796

1,512,419

8,264,977

3,170,562

5,094,415

0.72

0.72

7,218,686

7,256,046

7,149,906

7,159,763

7,092,315

7,097,514

$

$

$

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

35

 
 
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2017, 2016 AND 2015 

2017

2016

2015

$

6,232,865

$

5,806,866

$

5,094,415

72,489

1,222,478

1,294,967

—
(210,686)
(210,686)
5,596,180

$

—
(1,147,219)
(1,147,219)
3,947,196

NET INCOME

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

Interest rate swaps

Defined benefit plans

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), NET OF TAX

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

$

7,527,832

$

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

36

 
 
Total
Stockholders’
Equity

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
$ (1,139,326) $ 52,020,847
5,094,415
(1,147,219)
49,366

—
(1,147,219)
—

—

—

—

83,640
(3,643,093)
383,035
$ (2,286,545) $ 52,840,991
5,806,866
(210,686)
41,762

—
(210,686)
—

—

—

64,640
(3,865,933)
989,432
$ (2,497,231) $ 55,667,072
6,232,865

—

—

—

—

1,294,967

—

1,294,967

142,241

—
(4,195,910)
(2,004,244)
—

—

—

—

73,780
(4,195,910)
—
(96,508)
921,965
$ (1,202,264) $ 60,040,472

—

—

—

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

Common
Stock

Capital in
Excess of
Par Value

Retained
Earnings

Balance - September 30, 2014

$ 23,601,890

$

8,237,228

$ 21,321,055

Net income

Other comprehensive loss

Exercise of stock options (3,900 shares)

Stock option grants

Cash dividends declared ($0.51 per share)

—

—

13,000

—

—

—

—

36,366

83,640

—

Issuance of common stock (27,780 shares)

92,600

290,435

5,094,415

—

—

—
(3,643,093)
—

Balance - September 30, 2015

Net income

Other comprehensive loss

Exercise of stock options (3,300 shares)

Stock option grants

Cash dividends declared ($0.54 per share)

$ 23,707,490
—

$

8,647,669
—

$ 22,772,377
5,806,866

—

11,000

—

—

—

30,762

64,640

—

Issuance of common stock (66,887 shares)

222,955

766,477

Balance - September 30, 2016

$ 23,941,445

$

9,509,548

$ 24,713,310

—

—

—
(3,865,933)
—

6,232,865

Net income

Other comprehensive income

Exercise of stock options (11,225 shares)

Stock option grants

Cash dividends declared ($0.58 per share)

Stock split

Issuance costs

Issuance of common stock (47,187 shares)

—

—

50,250

—

—

12,029,790

—

182,745

—

—

91,991

73,780

—
(10,025,546)
(96,508)
739,220

Balance - September 30, 2017

$ 36,204,230

$

292,485

$ 24,746,021

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

37

 
 
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operations:

Depreciation and amortization
Cost of retirement of utility plant, net
Stock option grants
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate
Deferred income taxes
Other noncash items, net

Changes in assets and liabilities which provided (used) cash:

Accounts receivable and customer deposits, net
Inventories and gas in storage
Over/under recovery of gas costs
Other assets
Accounts payable, customer credit balances and accrued expenses, net

Total adjustments
Net cash provided by operating activities

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Expenditures for utility property
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate
Proceeds from disposal of utility property

Net cash used in investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

Borrowings under line-of-credit
Repayments under line-of-credit
Proceeds from issuance of unsecured notes
Debt issuance expenses
Proceeds from issuance of stock
Cash dividends paid

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid (refunded) during the year for:

Interest
Income taxes

2017

2016

2015

$ 6,232,865

$ 5,806,866

$ 5,094,415

6,378,368
(354,744)
73,780
(421,646)
3,325,379
203,743

5,709,525
(449,201)
64,640
(152,864)
4,466,954
197,298

5,219,893
(406,731)
83,640
—
2,416,841
105,815

(191,386)
(462,161)
528,387
(956,894)
(1,374,713)
6,748,113
12,980,978

(258,960)
867,682
(991,739)
(398,864)
60,303
9,114,774
14,921,640

638,917
3,168,056
2,082,257
(768,922)
(873,354)
11,666,412
16,760,827

(20,750,181)
(2,759,346)
16,972
(23,492,555)

(17,945,719)
(3,055,746)
4,964
(20,996,501)

(13,780,356)
—
30,082
(13,750,274)

42,569,303
(39,334,328)
9,916,000
(64,835)
967,698
(4,115,873)
9,937,965
(573,612)
643,252
69,640

$

38,310,326
(33,094,539)
3,396,200
(101,619)
1,031,194
(3,808,683)
5,732,879
(341,982)
985,234
643,252

$

34,698,924
(34,402,977)
—
—
432,401
(3,603,424)
(2,875,076)
135,477
849,757
985,234

$

$ 1,734,178
726,000

$ 1,480,665
(907,000)

$ 1,002,462
1,266,573

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

38

 
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2017, 2016 AND 2015

1. 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation—RGC Resources, Inc. is an energy services company primarily engaged in the sale and 
distribution of natural gas. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of RGC Resources, Inc. and its 
wholly owned subsidiaries (“Resources” or the “Company”): Roanoke Gas Company (“Roanoke Gas”); Diversified 
Energy Company; RGC Ventures of Virginia, Inc., operating as Application Resources and The Utility Consultants; 
and RGC Midstream, LLC. Roanoke Gas is a natural gas utility, which distributes and sells natural gas to 
approximately 59,800 residential, commercial and industrial customers within its service areas in Roanoke, Virginia 
and the surrounding localities. The Company’s business is seasonal in nature as a majority of natural gas sales are for 
space heating during the winter season. Roanoke Gas is regulated by the Virginia State Corporation Commission 
(“SCC” or “Virginia Commission”). RGC Ventures of Virginia, Inc. was dissolved in 2016 after Application 
Resources, which provided information system services to software providers in the utility industry, ceased operations 
in 2016, and The Utility Consultants, which provided regulatory consulting services to other utilities, ceased 
operations in 2015. RGC Midstream, LLC is a wholly-owned subsidiary created in 2015 to invest in the Mountain 
Valley pipeline project. Diversified Energy Company is currently inactive.

The Company follows accounting and reporting standards established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board 
(“FASB”) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

Resources has only one reportable segment as defined under FASB ASC No. 280 – Segment Reporting. All 
intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Rate Regulated Basis of Accounting—The Company’s regulated operations follow the accounting and reporting 
requirements of FASB ASC No. 980, Regulated Operations. The economic effects of regulation can result in a 
regulated company deferring costs that have been or are expected to be recovered from customers in a period different 
from the period in which the costs would be charged to expense by an unregulated enterprise. When this situation 
occurs, costs are deferred as assets in the consolidated balance sheet (regulatory assets) and recorded as expenses 
when such amounts are reflected in rates. Additionally, regulators can impose liabilities upon a regulated company for 
amounts previously collected from customers and for current collection in rates of costs that are expected to be 
incurred in the future (regulatory liabilities). In the event the provisions of FASB ASC No. 980 no longer apply to any 
or all regulatory assets or liabilities, the Company would write off such amounts and include them in the consolidated 
statements of income and comprehensive income in the period for which FASB ASC No. 980 no longer applied.

39

Regulatory assets and liabilities included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2017 and 
2016 are as follows: 

Regulatory Assets:

Current Assets:

Accounts receivable:
          Accrued WNA revenues
Other:

September 30

2017

2016

$

248,840

$

148,663

Accrued pension and postretirement medical

658,786

835,704

Utility Property:
In service:
Other

Other Assets:

Regulatory assets:

Premium on early retirement of debt
Accrued pension and postretirement medical
Other

Total regulatory assets
Regulatory Liabilities:

Current Liabilities:

Over-recovery of gas costs

       Accrued expenses:
                 Over-recovery of SAVE Plan revenues
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:

Asset retirement obligations
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations

Total regulatory liabilities

11,945

11,945

1,941,182
8,643,524
1,211,554
12,715,831

$

2,055,369
11,460,738
816,344
15,328,763

1,438,074

$

909,687

215,514

238,694

6,069,993
10,055,189
17,778,770

$

5,682,556
9,348,443
16,179,380

$

$

$

As of September 30, 2017, the Company had regulatory assets in the amount of $12,703,886 on which the Company 
did not earn a return during the recovery period. These assets primarily pertain to the net funded position of the 
Company’s benefit plans related to its regulated operations. As such, the amortization period is not specifically 
defined.

Utility Plant and Depreciation—Utility plant is stated at original cost and includes direct labor and materials, 
contractor costs, and all allocable overhead charges. The Company applies the group method of accounting, where the 
costs of like assets are aggregated and depreciated by applying a rate based on the average expected useful life of the 
assets. In accordance with Company policy, expenditures for depreciable assets with a life greater than one year are 
capitalized, along with any upgrades or improvements to existing assets, when they significantly improve or extend 
the original expected useful life of an asset. Expenditures for maintenance, repairs, and minor renewals and 
betterments are expensed as incurred. The original cost of depreciable property retired is removed from utility plant 
and charged to accumulated depreciation. The cost of asset removals, less salvage, is charged to “regulatory cost of 
retirement obligations” or “asset retirement obligations” as explained under Asset Retirement Obligations below. 

Utility plant is composed of the following major classes of assets:

Distribution and transmission

LNG storage

General and miscellaneous

Total utility plant in service

40

Years Ended September 30

2017

2016

$

177,845,619

$

160,354,300

13,299,288

13,078,807
204,223,714

$

12,594,294

12,628,692
185,577,286

$

 
 
 
 
Provisions for depreciation are computed principally at composite straight-line rates over periods ranging from 5 to 76 
years. Rates are determined by depreciation studies which are required to be performed at least every 5 years on the 
regulated utility assets of Roanoke Gas. The Company completed its last depreciation study in June 2014. The 
composite weighted-average depreciation rate realized using the most recently completed depreciation study was 
3.29% for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2017 and 3.25% for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2016 and 
2015.   

The composite rates are composed of two components, one based on average service life and one based on cost of 
retirement. As a result, the Company accrues the estimated cost of retirement of long-lived assets through depreciation 
expense. Retirement costs are not a legal obligation but rather the result of cost-based regulation and are accounted for 
under the provisions of FASB ASC No. 980. Such amounts are classified as a regulatory liability.

The Company reviews long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles for impairment whenever events or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. These reviews have 
not identified any impairments which would have a material effect on the results of operations or financial condition.

Asset Retirement Obligations—FASB ASC No. 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations, requires 
entities to record the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation when there exists a legal obligation for 
the retirement of the asset. When the liability is initially recorded, the entity capitalizes the cost, thereby increasing the 
carrying amount of the underlying asset. In subsequent periods, the liability is accreted, and the capitalized cost is 
depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. The Company has recorded asset retirement obligations for its 
future legal obligations related to purging and capping its distribution mains and services upon retirement, although 
the timing of such retirements is uncertain.

The Company’s composite depreciation rates include a component to provide for the cost of retirement of assets. As a 
result, the Company accrues the estimated cost of retirement of its utility plant through depreciation expense and 
creates a corresponding regulatory liability. The costs of retirement considered in the development of the depreciation 
component include those costs associated with the legal liability. Therefore, the asset retirement obligation is 
reclassified from the regulatory cost of retirement obligation. If the legal obligations were to exceed the regulatory 
liability provided for in the depreciation rates, the Company would establish a regulatory asset for such difference with 
the anticipation of future recovery through rates charged to customers.  In 2017, the Company increased its asset 
retirement obligation to reflect revisions to the estimated cash flows for asset retirements.

The following is a summary of the asset retirement obligation:

Beginning balance
Liabilities incurred
Liabilities settled
Accretion
Revisions to estimated cash flows
Ending balance

Years Ended September 30

2017
5,682,556
65,556
(137,304)
312,503
146,682
6,069,993

$

$

2016
5,295,868
85,263
(176,090)
310,568
166,947
5,682,556

$

$

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments—From time to time, the Company will have balances on 
deposit at banks in excess of the amount insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). The 
Company has not experienced any losses on these accounts and does not consider these amounts to be at credit risk. 
As of September 30, 2017, the Company did not have any bank deposits in excess of the FDIC insurance limits. For 
purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments 
purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Customer Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts—Accounts receivable include amounts billed to 
customers for natural gas sales and related services and gas sales occurring subsequent to normal billing cycles but 
before the end of the period. The Company provides an estimate for losses on these receivables by utilizing historical 
information, current account balances, account aging and current economic conditions. Customer accounts are charged 
off annually when deemed uncollectible or when turned over to a collection agency for action.

41

 
 
A reconciliation of changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts is as follows: 

Beginning balance
Provision for doubtful accounts
Recoveries of accounts written off
Accounts written off
Ending balance

Years Ended September 30

2017

2016

2015

$

$

76,934
84,587
110,725
(172,790)
99,456

$

$

52,721
14,074
137,055
(126,916)
76,934

$

$

70,747
87,908
139,282
(245,216)
52,721

Financing Receivables—Financing receivables represent a contractual right to receive money either on demand or on 
fixed or determinable dates and are recognized as assets on the entity’s balance sheet.  Trade receivables are the 
Company's one primary type of financing receivables, resulting from the sale of natural gas and other services to its 
customers.  These receivables are short-term in nature with a provision for uncollectible balances included in the 
financial statements. 

Inventories—Inventories, consisting of natural gas in storage and materials and supplies, are recorded at average cost. 
Injections into storage are priced at the purchase cost at the time of injection and withdrawals from storage are priced 
at the weighted average price in storage. Materials and supplies are removed from inventory at average cost.

Unbilled Revenues—The Company bills its natural gas customers on a monthly cycle; however, the billing cycle 
period for most customers does not coincide with the accounting periods used for financial reporting. As the Company 
recognizes revenue when gas is delivered, an accrual is made to estimate revenues for natural gas delivered to 
customers but not billed during the accounting period. The amounts of unbilled revenue receivable included in 
accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2017 and 2016 were $965,683 and 
$1,004,061, respectively.

Income Taxes—Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under the asset and liability 
method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to 
differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax 
bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which those 
temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance against deferred tax assets is 
provided if it is more likely than not the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company and its subsidiaries file 
state and federal consolidated income tax returns.

Debt Expenses—Debt issuance expenses are deferred and amortized over the lives of the debt instruments.  The 
unamortized balances are offset against the carrying value of long-term debt.

Over/Under-Recovery of Natural Gas Costs—Pursuant to the provisions of the Company’s Purchased Gas 
Adjustment (“PGA”) clause, the SCC provides the Company with a method of passing along to its customers 
increases or decreases in natural gas costs incurred by its regulated operations, including gains and losses on natural 
gas derivative hedging instruments. On a quarterly basis, the Company files a PGA rate adjustment request with the 
SCC to adjust the gas cost component of its rates up or down depending on projected price and activity. Once 
administrative approval is received, the Company adjusts the gas cost component of its rates to reflect the approved 
amount. As actual costs will differ from the projections used in establishing the PGA rate, the Company may either 
over-recover or under-recover its actual gas costs during the period. Any difference between actual costs incurred and 
costs recovered through the application of the PGA is recorded as a regulatory asset or liability. At the end of the 
deferral period, the balance of the net deferred charge or credit is amortized over an ensuing 12-month period as 
amounts are reflected in customer billings.

Fair Value—Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an 
orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company determines fair value based 
on the following fair value hierarchy which prioritizes each input to the valuation methods into one of the following 
three broad levels:

• 

• 

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that 
the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices in Level 1 that are either for similar assets or 
liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in 

42

 
 
markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset 
or liability, or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable 
market data by correlation or other means.

• 

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability where there is little, if any, market 
activity which require the Company to develop its own assumptions.

The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) and the 
lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). All fair value disclosures are categorized within one of the three 
categories in the hierarchy. See fair value disclosures below and in Notes 8 and 12.

Use of Estimates—The preparation of financial statements in conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting 
Principles in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the 
reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and 
the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those 
estimates.

Excise and Sales Taxes—Certain excise and sales taxes imposed by the state and local governments in the Company’s 
service territory are collected by the Company from its customers. These taxes are accounted for on a net basis and 
therefore are not included as revenues in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income.

Earnings Per Share—Basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income 
by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period and the weighted-average common shares 
outstanding during the period plus dilutive potential common shares, respectively. Dilutive potential common shares 
are calculated in accordance with the treasury stock method, which assumes that proceeds from the exercise of all 
options are used to repurchase common stock at market value. The amount of shares remaining after the proceeds are 
exhausted represents the potentially dilutive effect of the securities. A reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings per 
share is presented below: 

Net Income
Weighted-average common shares
Effect of dilutive securities:

Options to purchase common stock

Diluted average common shares
Earnings Per Share of Common Stock:
       Basic
       Diluted

Years Ended September 30

2017
6,232,865
7,218,686

$

2016
5,806,866
7,149,906

$

2015
5,094,415
7,092,315

37,360
7,256,046

9,857
7,159,763

5,199
7,097,514

0.86
0.86

$
$

0.81
0.81

$
$

0.72
0.72

$

$
$

Business and Credit Concentrations—The primary business of the Company is the distribution of natural gas to 
residential, commercial and industrial customers in its service territories.

No sales to individual customers accounted for more than 5% of total revenue in any period or amounted to more than 
5% of total accounts receivable.

Roanoke Gas currently holds the only franchises and certificates of public convenience and necessity to distribute 
natural gas in its service area. These franchises are effective through January 1, 2036. The Company's current 
certificates of public convenience and necessity in Virginia are exclusive and are intended for perpetual duration.

Roanoke Gas is served directly by two primary pipelines that provide all of the natural gas supplied to the Company’s 
customers. Depending upon weather conditions and the level of customer demand, failure of one or both of these 
transmission pipelines could have a major adverse impact on the Company.

Derivative and Hedging Activities—FASB ASC No. 815, Derivatives and Hedging, requires the recognition of all 
derivative instruments as assets or liabilities in the Company’s balance sheet and measurement of those instruments at 
fair value.

43

 
 
The Company’s hedging and derivatives policy allows management to enter into derivatives for the purpose of 
managing the commodity and financial market risks of its business operations. The Company’s hedging and 
derivatives policy specifically prohibits the use of derivatives for speculative purposes. The key market risks that RGC 
Resources, Inc. hedges against include the price of natural gas and the cost of borrowed funds.

The Company historically has entered into collars, swaps and caps for the purpose of hedging the price of natural gas 
in order to provide price stability during the winter months. The fair value of these instruments is recorded in the 
balance sheet with the offsetting entry to either under-recovery of gas costs or over-recovery of gas costs. Net income 
and other comprehensive income are not affected by the change in market value as any cost incurred or benefit 
received from these instruments is recoverable or refunded through the PGA as the SCC allows for full recovery of 
prudent costs associated with natural gas purchases. At September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company had no 
outstanding derivative instruments for the purchase of natural gas.

The Company had one interest rate swap associated with its $7,000,000 term note with Branch Banking & Trust as 
discussed in Note 6.  Effective November 1, 2017, the swap agreement converts the floating rate note based on LIBOR 
into a fixed rate debt with a 2.30% effective interest rate.  The swap qualifies as a cash flow hedge with changes in fair 
value reported in other comprehensive income.  No portion of the swap was deemed ineffective during the period.

The table below reflects the fair value of the derivative instrument and its corresponding classification in the 
consolidated balance sheets.

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:

Current assets:

Interest rate swap

Other assets:

Interest rate swap

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments

September 30

2017

2016

$

$

$

26,777

$

90,066

116,843

$

$

—

—

—

The fair value of the interest rate swap is determined by using the counter party's proprietary models and certain 
assumptions regarding past, present and future market conditions. See Note 12 for additional information on fair 
value.

Non-Cash Activity — A non-cash increase in investment in unconsolidated affiliate and corresponding increase in 
capital contributions payable of $767,710 and $287,794 occurred for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2017 and 
2016, respectively.

44

 
 
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)—A summary of other comprehensive income is provided below:

Year Ended September 30, 2017:
Interest rate swap:

       Unrealized gains

Net interest rate swap

Defined benefit plans:

       Net gain arising during period

       Amortization of actuarial losses

Net defined benefit plans

Other comprehensive income
Year Ended September 30, 2016:
Defined benefit plans:

       Net loss arising during period

       Amortization of actuarial losses

Net defined benefit plans

Other comprehensive loss
Year Ended September 30, 2015:
Defined benefit plans:

       Net loss arising during period

       Amortization of actuarial losses

Net defined benefit plans

Other comprehensive loss

Before Tax
Amount

Tax
(Expense)
or Benefit

Net of Tax
Amount

$

$

$

$

$

$

116,843

$

116,843

(44,354) $
(44,354)

72,489

72,489

1,715,505

$

256,234

1,971,739

2,088,582

$

(651,892) $
(97,369)
(749,261)
(793,615) $

1,063,613

158,865

1,222,478

1,294,967

(560,887) $
221,070
(339,817)
(339,817) $

$

213,137
(84,006)
129,131

129,131

$

(347,750)
137,064
(210,686)
(210,686)

(1,910,573)
60,221
(1,850,352)
(1,850,352) $

726,017
(22,884)
703,133

703,133

$

(1,184,556)
37,337
(1,147,219)
(1,147,219)

The amortization of actuarial losses is included as a component of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit 
costs in operations and maintenance expense.

Composition of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss):

Balance September 30, 2014
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance September 30, 2015
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance September 30, 2016
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance September 30, 2017

Interest Rate
Swaps

$

$

— $
—
—
—
—
72,489
72,489

$

Defined Benefit
Plans
(1,139,326) $
(1,147,219)
(2,286,545)
(210,686)
(2,497,231)
1,222,478
(1,274,753) $

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)

(1,139,326)
(1,147,219)
(2,286,545)
(210,686)
(2,497,231)
1,294,967
(1,202,264)

45

 
 
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards—In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, Income Taxes: 
Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes. The ASU requires that all deferred tax assets and liabilities be 
presented as noncurrent and eliminates prior guidance to classify and present deferred tax assets and liabilities as 
current and noncurrent. This ASU is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ended September 30, 
2018 and interim periods within that annual period. Early application is permitted. The Company adopted this ASU for 
the quarter ended December 31, 2015. 

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation: Improvements to Employee 
Share-Based Payment Accounting. The guidance simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment 
award transactions, including income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities and 
classification on the statement of cash flows. The new guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting 
period ending September 30, 2018 and interim periods within that annual period. Early adoption is permitted. The 
Company adopted this ASU for the quarter ended September 30, 2016. Under the prior guidance, excess tax benefits 
were to be tracked in an APIC pool and not recognized in the income statement. Tax deficiencies were netted against 
the accumulated APIC pool and only recognized in the income statement starting at the time tax deficiencies exceeded 
the pool. Under ASU 2016-09, the APIC pool is eliminated with all excess tax benefits and deficiencies recognized in 
income tax expense on the income statement. Prior to the adoption of this ASU, stock option activity did not result in 
the accumulation of an APIC pool; therefore, adopting the ASU had minimal impact on the Company’s current 
financial position, results of operations or cash flows and no impact on prior results.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-03, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections and Investments - Equity 
Method and Joint Ventures. This update adds the text of the SEC Staff Announcement, Disclosure of the Impact That 
Recently Issued Accounting Standards Will Have on the Financial Statements of a Registrant When Such Standards 
Are Adopted in a Future Period (in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 11.M) as paragraph 250-10-S99-6. 
Related specifically to ASU 2014-09, ASU 2016-02 and ASU 2016-13, an SEC registrant should evaluate ASUs that 
have not yet been adopted to determine and include appropriate financial disclosures and MD&A discussions, 
including consideration of additional qualitative disclosures, to assist financial statement readers in assessing the 
significance of impact on adoption. The new guidance is effective immediately. The nature of this guidance relates to 
the effectiveness and quality of disclosures related to ASUs not yet adopted; however, there is no effect on the 
Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards—In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers (Topic 606) that affects any entity that enters into contracts with customers for the transfer of goods or 
services or transfer of non-financial assets.  This guidance supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 
605, Revenue Recognition, and most industry-specific guidance.  The core principle of the new guidance is that an 
entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that 
reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.  To achieve 
that core principle, an entity should apply the following steps: (1) identify the contract with the customer, (2) identify 
the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the 
performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenue when, or as, the entity satisfies the performance 
obligation. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14 that deferred the effective date of this guidance by one 
year making the standard effective for the Company's annual reporting period ending September 30, 2019 and interim 
periods within that annual period.

The FASB continues to issue subsequent guidance under ASC No. 606 to provide further clarification of the original 
ASU. In addition, the Company is also monitoring the activity of the Power and Utilities Task Force. The Task Force 
was formed by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants ("AICPA") in an effort to provide industry-
specific guidance. Implementation issues identified by the Task Force include accounting for contributions in aid of 
construction and assessing collectability of customer accounts when regulated mechanisms exist to allow recovery of 
uncollected accounts from ratepayers. 

As of September 30, 2017, the Company continues identifying sources of revenue and evaluating the effect that the 
revenue guidance will have on financial results and disclosures. Though the evaluation is ongoing, based on the 
review of customer contracts to date, the Company is not anticipating a material impact to its financial position, results 
of operations or cash flows upon adoption; however, the Company does anticipate the potential for significant new 
disclosures as a result of the guidance. Because of ongoing internal analysis and the continued activities of the FASB 
and other related implementation efforts regarding the rate-regulated natural gas industry, early adoption is not 
expected. The Company will consider all current and future guidance, including the conclusions of the Task Force, 
before determining how best to implement the new revenue recognition standard.

46

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall: Recognition and Measurement of 
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The ASU enhances the reporting model for financial instruments to provide 
users of the financial statements with more useful information through several provisions, including the following: (1) 
requires equity investments, excluding investments accounted for under the equity method, be measured at fair value 
with changes in fair value recognized in net income, (2) simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments 
without readily determinable fair values, (3) eliminates the requirement to disclose the method(s) and significant 
assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at 
amortized cost on the balance sheet, (4) requires entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of 
financial instruments for disclosure purposes, and (5) requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial 
liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the 
financial statements. The new guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 
30, 2019 and interim periods within that annual period. Management has not completed its evaluation of the new 
guidance. However, the Company does not currently expect the new guidance to have a material effect on its financial 
position, results of operations or cash flows.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. The ASU leaves the accounting for leases mostly 
unchanged for lessors, with the exception of targeted improvements for consistency; however, the new guidance 
requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with terms of more than 12 months. The ASU also revises 
the definition of a lease as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified 
property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Consistent with current GAAP, the 
presentation and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee will primarily depend on its classification as a finance or 
operating lease. In contrast, the new ASU requires both types of leases to be recognized on the balance sheet. In 
addition, the new guidance includes quantitative and qualitative disclosure requirements to aid financial statement 
users in better understanding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The new guidance 
is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 30, 2020 and interim periods within 
that annual period. Early adoption is permitted. Management has not completed its evaluation of the new guidance. 
However, the Company has completed its inventory of leases and does not currently expect the new guidance to have 
a material effect on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, Compensation - Retirement Benefits. The primary objective of this 
guidance is to improve the financial statement presentation of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs; 
however, it also changes which cost components are eligible for capitalization. The amendments in the ASU require 
that an employer report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs arising 
from services rendered by the employees during the period. The other components of net benefit cost are required to 
be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and, if a subtotal for income from 
operations is presented, outside of income from operations.  In addition, the ASU allows only the service cost 
component of periodic benefit cost to be eligible for capitalization when applicable. This change to capitalization 
eligibility differs from the treatment currently applied by the Company and from allowed regulatory accounting. The 
new guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 30, 2019 and interim 
periods within that annual period. Early adoption is permitted. Management is in the process of evaluating the new 
guidance from this ASU.  The regulatory body in the Company's service jurisdiction requires the capitalization of all 
cost components included in net benefit costs.  As a result, the Company may have to establish regulatory assets for 
those costs now excluded from capitalization under this ASU.  The Company has begun discussions with its regulatory 
body, the State Corporation Commission of Virginia, regarding the expected treatment of those costs.  Although the 
ultimate disposition of these other components of net periodic benefit costs has not been determined, management 
expects the new guidance may have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements when 
adopted.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting For 
Hedging Activities. The ASU is meant to simplify recognition and presentation guidance in an effort to improve 
financial reporting of cash flow and fair value hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an 
entity's risk management activities. This is achieved through changes to both the designation and measurement 
guidance for qualifying hedging relationships, as well as changes to the presentation of hedge results. The new 
guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 30, 2020 and interim periods 
within that annual period. Early adoption is permitted. Management has not completed its evaluation of the new 
guidance; however, it does not currently expect the new guidance to have a material effect on its financial position, 
results of operations or cash flows.

47

Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standard–setting bodies are not 
currently applicable to the Company or are not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial 
position, results of operations and cash flows.

2. 

STOCK SPLIT

On January 17, 2017, Resources Board of Directors approved a three-for-two stock split of the Company's issued and 
outstanding common stock.  The stock split was effected in the form of a 50% stock dividend entitling each 
shareholder to receive one additional share of common stock for every two shares owned.  The stock dividend was 
payable March 1, 2017 to shareholders of record on February 15, 2017.  As the par value of the common stock 
remained at $5 per share, the Company reclassified $10,025,546 from "Capital in excess of par value" and $2,004,244 
from "Retained earnings" to "Common stock" associated with the issuance of 2,405,958 shares.  Corresponding prior 
year amounts of share and per share data have been restated retrospectively to reflect the 50% stock dividend.

3. 

REGULATORY MATTERS

The SCC exercises regulatory authority over the natural gas operations of Roanoke Gas. Such regulation encompasses 
terms, conditions and rates to be charged to customers for natural gas service, safety standards, service extension, 
accounting and depreciation.

On June 30, 2017, the Company filed with the SCC its most recent SAVE (Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy) Plan 
and Rider. The SAVE Plan provides a mechanism for the Company to recover the related depreciation and expenses 
and return on rate base of the additional capital investment without the filing of a formal application for an increase in 
non-gas base rates.  Under the current application, the Company submitted its report for collecting the shortfall in 
SAVE revenues collected under the 2016 SAVE Plan and proposed new 2018 SAVE rates to be implemented for the 
ongoing investment in SAVE Plan projects.  On September 28, 2017, the Company received approval of its application 
to implement the new 2018 SAVE rates related to proposed qualifying SAVE investments in calendar 2018.  The SCC 
also approved the True-Up factor to provide collection on the remaining under-collected 2016 SAVE Plan for a 
modification to the SAVE Plan and Rider.

4. 

OTHER INVESTMENTS

In October 2015, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, RGC Midstream, LLC ("Midstream"), acquired 
a 1% equity interest in the Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC (the “LLC”). 

The LLC was established to construct and operate a natural gas pipeline originating in northern West Virginia and 
extending through south central Virginia. The proposed pipeline will have the capacity to transport approximately 2 
million decatherms of natural gas per day.  On October 13, 2017, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission issued 
the Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity subject to certain conditions and requirements.  With FERC 
approval, the LLC will continue the process of obtaining the necessary approvals and permits from other federal and 
state government agencies.  Assuming no significant delays in the permitting process, the pipeline is expected to be in 
service by late 2018.

The total project cost is estimated to be approximately $3.5 billion.  The Company's 1% equity interest in the LLC will 
require a total estimated cash investment of approximately $35 million, provided by periodic capital contributions 
throughout the design and construction phases of the project.  Midstream held an approximate $7.4 million equity 
method investment in the LLC at September 30, 2017.  Initial funding for Midstream's investment in the LLC is 
provided through two unsecured Promissory Notes, each with a 5-year term, as further described in Note 6 below.

The Company will participate in the earnings generated from the transportation of natural gas through the pipeline in 
proportion to its level of investment.

The financial statement locations of the investment in the LLC are as follows:

48

 
Balance Sheet Location of Other Investments:

Other Assets:

September 30

2017

2016

     Investment in unconsolidated affiliate

$

7,445,106

$

3,496,404

Current Liabilities:

     Capital contributions payable

Income Statement Location of Other Investments:
     Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate

5. 

LINE-OF-CREDIT

$

1,055,504

$

287,794

For the Years ended September 30

2017
421,646

$

2016
152,864

$

$

2015

—

On March 27, 2017, Roanoke Gas entered into a new unsecured line-of-credit agreement.  This line-of-credit 
agreement replaced the agreement which expired on March 31, 2017.  The expired agreement was for a term of one 
year and all amounts drawn against that agreement were considered to be current liabilities.  The new line-of-credit 
agreement is for a two-year term expiring March 31, 2019.  Amounts drawn against the new agreement are considered 
to be non-current as the balance under the line-of-credit is not subject to repayment within the next 12-month period.

Except for the two-year term, the new agreement maintains the same variable interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR 
plus 100 basis points and availability fee of 15 basis points as the expired agreement.  The new agreement also 
maintains the multi-tiered borrowing limits to accommodate seasonal borrowing demands and minimize borrowing 
costs.  Available limits under this agreement for the remaining term are as follows:

As of

September 30, 2017
March 1, 2018
July 22, 2018
September 22, 2018

A summary of the line-of-credit follows:

$

Available
Line-of-Credit

21,000,000
17,000,000
22,000,000
30,000,000

Line-of-credit at year-end
Outstanding balance at year-end
Highest month-end balance outstanding
Average daily balance
Average rate of interest during year on outstanding balances
Interest rate at year-end
Interest rate on unused line-of-credit

2017
$ 21,000,000
17,791,760
17,791,760
10,936,114

September 30

2016
$ 24,000,000
14,556,785
15,246,089
9,620,914

2015
$ 24,000,000
9,340,997
17,366,052
6,377,040

1.92%
2.23%
0.15%

1.40%
1.53%
0.15%

1.17%
1.20%
0.15%

Associated with the line-of-credit is a credit agreement that contains various representations, warranties and covenants 
including a requirement that the Company maintain an interest coverage ratio of not less than 1.5 to 1 and a long-term 
debt to long-term capitalization ratio of less than 65%. 

49

 
 
 
 
 
6. 

LONG-TERM DEBT

On November 1, 2016, Roanoke Gas entered into a 5-year unsecured note with Branch Banking & Trust in the 
principal amount of $7,000,000.  The note is variable rate with interest based on 30-day LIBOR plus 90 basis points.  
In addition, Roanoke Gas also entered into a swap agreement with Branch Banking & Trust to convert the variable rate 
debt into a fixed-rate instrument with an annual interest rate of 2.30%.  The swap agreement is not effective until 
November 1, 2017, with the monthly interest rate on the note floating until the swap period begins.  The proceeds 
from the note were used to convert a portion of the Company's line-of-credit balance into longer-term financing.

Midstream has two unsecured Promissory Notes ("Notes") which provide up to a total of $25 million in borrowing 
limits over a period of 5 years, with an interest rate of 30-day LIBOR plus 160 basis points.  Midstream issued the 
Notes in December 2015 to provide financing for capital investment in respect of its 1% interest in the LLC.  In 
accordance with the terms of the debt, at such point in time as Midstream has borrowed $17.5 million under the Notes, 
Midstream is required to provide the next $5 million towards its capital contributions to the LLC. Once Midstream has 
completed its $5 million in contributions, it may resume borrowing under the Notes up to the $25 million limit.

Long-term debt consists of the following:

September 30

2017

2016

Principal

Unamortized
Debt Issuance
Costs

Principal

Unamortized
Debt Issuance
Costs

Roanoke Gas Company:
Unsecured senior notes payable, at 4.26%, due
on September 18, 2034
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day
LIBOR plus 0.90%, November 1, 2021
Pending unsecured note
RGC Midstream, LLC:
Unsecured term notes payable, at 30-day
LIBOR plus 1.60% due December 29, 2020
Total notes payable

Line-of-credit, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%,
due March 31, 2019

Total long-term debt

$ 30,500,000

$

164,119

$ 30,500,000

$

173,773

7,000,000
—

13,618
48,160

—
—

—
—

$

6,312,200

$ 43,812,200

$

$

66,052

$

3,396,200

291,949

$ 33,896,200

$

$

86,376

260,149

17,791,760

—

—

—

$ 61,603,960

$

291,949

$ 33,896,200

$

260,149

Debt issuance costs are amortized over the life of the related debt.  As of September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company 
also had an unamortized loss on the early retirement of debt of $1,941,182 and $2,055,369, respectively, which has 
been deferred as a regulatory asset and is being amortized over a 20 year period. 

All of the debt agreements set forth certain representations, warranties and covenants to which the Company is 
subject, including financial covenants that limit Consolidated Long-Term Indebtedness to not more than 65% of total 
capitalization.  All of the debt agreements except for the line-of-credit provide for priority indebtedness to not exceed 
15% of consolidated total assets. 

On October 2, 2017, the Company issued 10-year unsecured notes in the principal amount of $8,000,000 with a fixed 
interest rate of 3.58% per annum.  The proceeds from the note were used to convert a portion of the Company's line-
of-credit balance into longer-term financing.

50

 
 
The aggregate annual maturities of long-term debt for the next five years ending after September 30, 2017 are as 
follows:

Year Ending September 30
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
Total

7. 

INCOME TAXES

The details of income tax expense are as follows: 

Maturities

—
17,791,760
—
6,312,200
7,000,000
30,500,000
61,603,960

$

$

Current income taxes:

Federal

State

Total current income taxes

Deferred income taxes:

Federal

State

Total deferred income taxes

Total income tax expense

Years Ended September 30

2017

2016

2015

$

72,368

$

407,643

480,011

3,129,925

195,454

3,325,379

(1,216,745) $
415,975
(800,770)

4,302,906

164,048

4,466,954

$

3,805,390

$

3,666,184

$

379,180

374,541

753,721

2,289,729

127,112

2,416,841

3,170,562

Income tax expense for the years ended September 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015 differed from amounts computed by 
applying the U.S. Federal income tax rate of 34% to earnings before income taxes due to the following:

Income before income taxes

Income tax expense computed at the federal statutory
rate

State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit

Other, net

Total income tax expense

Years Ended September 30

2017

10,038,255

3,413,007

398,044
(5,661)
3,805,390

$

$

$

$

$

$

2016

9,473,050

3,220,837

382,815

62,532

$

$

2015

8,264,977

2,810,092

331,091

29,379

3,666,184

$

3,170,562

51

 
 
 
 
 
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as 
follows:

Deferred tax assets:

Allowance for uncollectibles

Accrued pension and postretirement medical benefits

Accrued vacation

Over-recovery of gas costs

Costs of gas held in storage

Deferred compensation

Other

Total gross deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities:

Utility plant

MVP investment

Other

Total gross deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax liability

September 30

2017

2016

$

37,752

$

1,747,429

239,414

545,894

1,009,206

824,281

348,833

4,752,809

29,203

2,532,672

262,273

345,318

1,077,849

770,868

340,121

5,358,304

27,630,486

24,264,165

154,817

44,354

27,829,657

$

23,076,848

$

40,776

11,217

24,316,158

18,957,854

The current federal tax expense for fiscal 2016 reflected the effect of 50% bonus depreciation for the entire fiscal year 
2016 as well as for nine months of fiscal 2015.  The Protecting Americans from Tax Hikes (PATH Act), which 
extended 50% bonus depreciation for calendar 2015, was signed into law on December 18, 2015, subsequent to the 
issuance of the Company's September 30, 2015 annual report.  As a result, $1,283,925 of deferred taxes that related to 
fiscal 2015 bonus depreciation were reflected in the fiscal 2016 tax provision, thereby reducing the current tax expense 
and increasing deferred tax expense by the same amount.  The same situation occurred in fiscal 2014 when the 
extension of 50% bonus depreciation was not signed into law until December 19, 2014, following the issuance of the 
Company's financial statements for the year ended September 30, 2014.  Correspondingly, fiscal 2015 income tax 
expense included the tax effect of the 50% bonus depreciation for fixed asset additions during the last nine months of 
fiscal 2014, which resulted in $1,442,211 in deferred tax expense related to fiscal 2014 being included in fiscal 2015.  
The recording of the effect of the adjustments for bonus depreciation had no effect on total income tax expense, net 
income or earnings per share.  Only the current and deferred components of income tax expense and their 
corresponding assets and liabilities were affected. 

Under the PATH Act, 50% bonus depreciation extends through December 31, 2017,  40% for calendar 2018 and 30% 
for calendar 2019 with no provision for bonus depreciation after 2019.  Virginia tax law does not recognize bonus 
depreciation; therefore, state income taxes were not impacted by the delayed bonus depreciation extensions.

FASB ASC No. 740 - Income Taxes provides for the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be 
claimed on a tax return should be recognized in the financial statements. The Company has evaluated its tax positions 
and accordingly has not identified any significant uncertain tax positions. The Company’s policy is to classify interest 
associated with uncertain tax positions as interest expense in the financial statements. Penalties are classified under 
other expense.

The Company files a consolidated federal income tax return and state income tax returns in Virginia and West 
Virginia. The federal returns and the state returns for both Virginia and West Virginia for the tax years ended prior to 
September 30, 2014 are no longer subject to examination. 

8. 

EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

The Company sponsors both a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan ("pension plan") and a postretirement 
benefit plan  ("postretirement plan"). The pension plan covers substantially all employees and benefits fully vest after 
5 years of credited service. Benefits paid to retirees are based on age at retirement, years of service and average 
compensation.  In November 2016, the Board of Directors approved a "soft freeze" to the pension plan, whereby no 
employees hired on or after January 1, 2017 will be eligible to participate.  Employees hired prior to January 1, 2017 

52

 
 
will continue to participate in the plan and accrue benefits.  The Board of Directors also approved an amendment to 
the 401(k) Plan which would allow for management to authorize a discretionary contribution to the 401(k) Plan for 
employees hired on or after January 1, 2017.  This discretionary contribution would be determined each year, and if 
approved, would be applied to the eligible employees at the end of the calendar year.  This Company contribution 
would be in addition to any employee elected deferrals and employer match as provided for under the  401(k) Plan. 

The postretirement benefit plan provides certain health care, supplemental retirement and life insurance benefits to 
retired employees who meet specific age and service requirements. Employees hired prior to January 1, 2000 are 
eligible to participate in the postretirement benefit plan. Employees must have a minimum of 10 years of service and 
retire after attaining the age of 55 in order to vest in the postretirement plan. Retiree contributions to the plan are based 
on the number of years of service to the Company as determined under the defined benefit plan.

Employers who sponsor defined benefit plans must recognize the funded status of defined benefit pension and other 
postretirement plans as an asset or liability in their statements of financial position and recognize changes in that 
funded status in the year in which the changes occur through comprehensive income. For pension plans, the benefit 
obligation is the projected benefit obligation, and for other postretirement plans, the benefit obligation is the 
accumulated benefit obligation. The Company established a regulatory asset for the portion of the obligation expected 
to be recovered in rates in future periods. The regulatory asset is adjusted for the amortization of the transition 
obligation and recognition of actuarial gains and losses. The portion of the obligation attributable to the unregulated 
operations of the holding company is recognized in other comprehensive income.

The following tables set forth the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, the funded status of the benefit plans, 
amounts recognized in the Company’s financial statements and the assumptions used.

Accumulated benefit obligation
Change in benefit obligation:

Pension Plan

Postretirement Plan

2017

2016

2017

2016

$ 25,481,993

$ 25,090,968

$ 17,666,812

$ 18,504,710

Benefit obligation at beginning of year

$ 29,494,950

$ 27,167,621

$ 18,504,710

$ 15,355,668

Service cost

Interest cost

Actuarial (gain) loss

Benefit payments, net of retiree contributions

Benefit obligation at end of year
Change in fair value of plan assets:

706,677

995,598
(824,361)
(715,517)
$ 29,657,347

694,375

1,132,776

2,440,957
(1,940,779)
$ 29,494,950

183,267

626,822
(1,199,722)
(448,265)
$ 17,666,812

148,018

624,579

2,812,516
(436,071)
$ 18,504,710

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year

$ 23,113,057

$ 21,394,399

$ 11,122,783

$ 10,443,629

Actual return on plan assets, net of taxes

3,021,131

2,159,437

1,016,644

615,225

Employer contributions

Benefit payments, net of retiree contributions

Fair value of plan assets at end of year
Funded status

Amounts recognized in the balance sheets
consist of:

500,000
1,000,000
(436,071)
(715,517)
$ 26,418,671
$ 11,122,783
$ (3,238,676) $ (6,381,893) $ (4,975,650) $ (7,381,927)

1,500,000
(1,940,779)
$ 23,113,057

1,000,000
(448,265)
$ 12,691,162

Noncurrent liabilities

$ (3,238,676) $ (6,381,893) $ (4,975,650) $ (7,381,927)

Amounts recognized in accumulated other
comprehensive loss:

Net actuarial loss, net of tax

Total amounts included in other
comprehensive loss, net of tax

Amounts deferred to a regulatory asset:

Net actuarial loss

Amounts recognized as regulatory assets

$

$

$

$

572,740

572,740

5,471,547

5,471,547

$

$

$

$

1,583,345

1,583,345

6,732,800

6,732,800

$

$

$

$

702,013

702,013

3,830,763

3,830,763

$

$

$

$

913,886

913,886

5,563,642

5,563,642

53

 
 
During 2016, the Company offered a one-time, lump sum pay out option for vested, terminated employees not 
currently receiving payments under the pension plan.  The lump sum offer was accepted by 40 of the 63 eligible 
participants.  In September 2016, the pension plan distributed $1,241,529 to the participants electing to receive the 
lump sum payments, which resulted in a corresponding reduction of approximately $1,500,000 in the projected 
pension obligation. 

The Company expects that approximately $24,000 before tax, of accumulated other comprehensive income will be 
recognized as a reduction in net periodic benefit costs in fiscal 2018 and approximately $659,000 of amounts deferred 
as regulatory assets will be amortized and recognized in net periodic benefit costs in fiscal 2018.

The following table details the actuarial assumptions used in determining the projected benefit obligations and net 
benefit cost of the pension and the accumulated benefit obligations and net benefit cost of the postretirement plan for 
2017, 2016 and 2015.

Pension Plan

Postretirement Plan

2017

2016

2015

2017

2016

2015

Assumptions used to determine benefit
obligations:

Discount rate
Expected rate of compensation increase

3.72%
4.00%

3.42%
4.00%

4.22%
4.00%

3.69%
N/A

3.33%
N/A

4.15%
N/A

Assumptions used to determine benefit
costs:

Discount rate
Expected long-term rate of return on plan
assets

Expected rate of compensation increase

3.42%

4.22%

4.22%

3.33%

4.15%

4.10%

7.00%
4.00%

7.00%
4.00%

7.00%
4.00%

4.84%
N/A

4.89%
N/A

4.90%
N/A

To develop the expected long-term rate of return on assets assumption, the Company, with input from the plans' 
actuaries and investment advisors, considered the historical returns and the future expectations for returns for each 
asset class, as well as the target asset allocation of each plan’s portfolio.

Components of net periodic benefit cost are as follows:

Pension Plan

Postretirement Plan

2017

2016

2015

2017

2016

2015

$ 706,677

$

694,375

$

654,782

$ 183,267

$ 148,018

$ 167,580

Service cost

Interest cost

Expected return on plan assets

(1,616,412)

Recognized loss

662,180

995,598

1,132,776
(1,492,241)
501,678

1,025,908
(1,440,846)
257,378

626,822
(571,513)
429,758

624,579
(507,858)
250,173

600,096
(516,656)
197,058

Net periodic benefit cost

$ 748,043

$

836,588

$

497,222

$ 668,334

$ 514,912

$ 448,078

The assumed health care cost trend rates used in measuring the accumulated benefit obligation for the postretirement 
medical plan as of September 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015 are presented below:

2017

Pre 65

2016

2015

2017

Post 65

2016

2015

Health care cost trend rate assumed for next
year

Rate to which the cost trend is assumed to
decline (the ultimate trend rate)

Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate

7.00%

7.50%

8.00%

5.00%

5.00%

5.00%

5.00%

2021

5.00%

2021

5.00%

2021

5.00%

2017

5.00%

2016

5.00%

2015

The health care cost trend rate assumptions could have a significant effect on the amounts reported. A change of 1% 
would have the following effects: 

Effect on total service and interest cost components
Effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation

54

1% Increase

1% Decrease

$

153,000
2,961,000

$

(121,000)
(2,385,000)

 
 
 
 
 
 
The primary objectives of the Plan’s investment policy are to maintain investment portfolios that diversify risk 
through prudent asset allocation parameters, achieve asset returns that meet or exceed the plans’ actuarial assumptions, 
achieve asset returns that are competitive with like institutions employing similar investment strategies and meet 
expected future benefits in both the short-term and long-term. The investment policy provides for a range of 
investment allocations to allow for flexibility in responding to market conditions. The investment policy is 
periodically reviewed by the Company and a third-party investment advisor.

The Company’s target and actual asset allocation in the pension and postretirement benefit plans as of September 30, 
2017 and 2016 were: 

Asset category:

Equity securities

Debt securities

Cash

Other

Pension Plan

Postretirement
Plan

Target

2017

2016

Target

2017

2016

60%

40%

—%

—%

63%

36%

1%

—%

63%

36%

1%

—%

50%

50%

—%

—%

51%

48%

1%

—%

52%

47%

—%

1%

The assets of the plans are invested in mutual funds. The Company uses the fair value hierarchy described in Note 1 to 
classify these assets. The mutual funds are included under Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy as their fair values are 
determined based on individual prices for each security that comprises the mutual funds. Most of the individual 
investments are determined based on quoted market prices for each security; however, certain fixed income securities 
and other investments are not actively traded and are valued based on similar investments. The following table 
contains the fair value classifications of the benefit plan assets:

Defined Benefit Pension Plan
Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2017

Fair Value

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$

265,100

$

265,100

$

— $

Asset Class:
Cash
Common and Collective Trust and
Pooled Funds:

Bonds

Liability Driven Investment

9,635,998

Equities

Domestic Large Cap  Growth
Domestic Large Cap Value
Domestic Small/Mid Cap
Core

Foreign Large Cap Value

5,068,282
5,046,530

2,393,221
2,139,733

—

—
—

—
—

9,635,998

5,068,282
5,046,530

2,393,221
2,139,733

        Mutual Funds:

Bonds
Equities

Foreign Large Cap Growth
Foreign Large Cap Value
Foreign Large Cap Core

399,909
398,995
1,070,903
26,418,671

$

$

—
—
—
265,100

$

399,909
398,995
1,070,903
26,153,571

$

Total

—

—

—
—

—
—

—
—
—
—

55

 
 
 
 
 
Defined Benefit Pension Plan
Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2016

Fair Value

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$

117,265

$

117,265

$

— $

Asset Class:

Cash

Common and Collective Trust and
Pooled Funds:

Bonds

Domestic Fixed Income

4,497,373

Equities

Domestic Large Cap Growth

Domestic Large Cap Value

Domestic Small/Mid Cap
Core

Foreign Large Cap Value

Mutual Funds:

Bonds

Domestic Fixed Income

Foreign Fixed Income

Equities

3,426,041

4,543,385

2,149,566

1,795,897

3,615,209

234,622

Domestic Large Cap Growth

1,043,395

Foreign Large Cap Growth

Foreign Large Cap Value

Foreign Large Cap Core

366,420

373,480

950,404

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4,497,373

3,426,041

4,543,385

2,149,566

1,795,897

3,615,209

234,622

1,043,395

366,420

373,480

950,404

Total

$

23,113,057

$

117,265

$

22,995,792

$

Postretirement Benefit Plan
Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2017

Fair Value

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$

64,616

$

64,616

$

— $

Asset Class:

Cash

Mutual Funds

Bonds

Domestic Fixed Income

Foreign Fixed Income

Equities

Domestic Large Cap Growth

Domestic Large Cap Value

Domestic Small/Mid Cap
Growth

Domestic Small/Mid Cap
Value

Domestic Small/Mid Cap
Core

Foreign Large Cap Growth

Foreign Large Cap Value

Foreign Large Cap Core

Other
Total

5,727,258

359,460

1,998,971

1,998,714

209,332

209,630

455,867

39,107

1,079,766

511,298

37,143

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

5,727,258

359,460

1,998,971

1,998,714

209,332

209,630

455,867

39,107

1,079,766

511,298

37,143

$

12,691,162

$

64,616

$

12,626,546

$

56

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

 
 
 
 
 
 
Postretirement Benefit Plan
Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2016

Fair Value

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$

43,455

$

43,455

$

— $

Asset Class:

Cash

Mutual Funds

Bonds

Domestic Fixed Income

Foreign Fixed Income

Equities

Domestic Large Cap Growth

Domestic Large Cap Value

Domestic Small/Mid Cap
Growth

Domestic Small/Mid Cap
Value

Domestic Small/Mid Cap
Core

Foreign Large Cap Value

Foreign Large Cap Core

Other

Total

5,109,834

87,821

1,824,796

1,770,664

195,319

198,884

427,409

964,827

456,100

43,674

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

5,109,834

87,821

1,824,796

1,770,664

195,319

198,884

427,409

964,827

456,100

43,674

$

11,122,783

$

43,455

$

11,079,328

$

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Each mutual fund has been categorized based on its primary investment strategy.

The Company expects to contribute $1,600,000 to its pension plan and $600,000 to its postretirement benefit plan in 
fiscal 2018.

The following table reflects expected future benefit payments:

Fiscal year ending September 30
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023-2027

$

Pension
Plan

Postretirement
Plan

$

817,861
879,779
966,930
1,041,200
1,139,637
6,981,849

618,241
644,666
671,228
710,495
749,674
4,148,403

The Company also sponsors a defined contribution plan (the “401k Plan”) covering all employees who elect to 
participate. Employees may contribute from 1% to 50% of their annual compensation to the 401k Plan, limited to a 
maximum annual amount as set periodically by the Internal Revenue Service. The Company matches 100% of the 
participant’s first 4% of contributions and 50% on the next 2% of contributions. Company matching contributions 
were $361,702,  $353,793 and $338,896 for 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

9. 

COMMON STOCK OPTIONS

The Company’s stockholders approved the RGC Resources, Inc. Key Employee Stock Option Plan (“KESOP”). The 
KESOP provides for the issuance of common stock options to officers and certain other full-time salaried employees 
to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock.  As of September 30, 2017, the number of shares available for 
future grants was 36,000. 

FASB ASC No. 718 - Compensation-Stock Compensation requires that compensation expense be recognized for the 
issuance of equity instruments to employees. During the fiscal years ended 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Board approved 
stock option grants to certain officers. As required by the KESOP, each option's exercise price per share equaled the 

57

 
 
 
fair value of the Company's common stock on the grant date.  Pursuant to the Plan, the options vest over a six-month 
period and are exercisable over a ten-year period from the date of issuance.  

As the Company's stock options are not traded on the open market, the fair value of each grant is estimated on the date 
of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model including the following assumptions:

Expected volatility

Expected dividends

Expected exercise term (years)

Risk-free interest rate

Years Ended September 30,

2017

26.09%

3.81%

7.00

2.20%

2016

28.78%

3.99%

7.00

2.10%

2015

34.34%

4.11%

7.00

1.98%

The underlying methods regarding each assumption are as follows:

Expected volatility is based on the historical volatilities of the daily closing price of the Company's common 
stock.

Expected dividend rate is based on historical dividend payout trends.

Expected exercise term is based on the average time historical option grants were outstanding before being 
exercised.

Risk-free interest rate is based on the 7-year Treasury rate on the date of option grant.

Forfeitures are recognized when they occur.

Stock option transactions under the Company's plans for the years ended September 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015 are 
summarized below.  The information contained in the tables below have been restated to reflect the effect of the stock 
split:

Options outstanding, September 30, 2014

    Options granted

    Options exercised

    Options expired

    Options forfeited

Options outstanding, September 30, 2015
    Options granted

    Options exercised

    Options expired

    Options forfeited

Options outstanding, September 30, 2016

    Options granted

    Options exercised

    Options expired

    Options forfeited

Number of
Shares

Weighted-
Average Exercise
Price

$

57,000

25,500

(3,900)

—

—

78,600
24,000

(3,300)

—

(12,000)

87,300

25,500

(11,225)

—

—

12.65

14.40

12.66

—

—

13.22
14.15

12.65

—

13.20

13.50

16.37

12.67

—

—

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Terms (years)

8.8

Aggregate 
Intrinsic Value 1

$

34,840

8.3

43,086

7.8

200,211

Options outstanding, September 30, 2017

101,575

$

14.31

Vested and exercisable at September 30,
2017

101,575

$

14.31

1

Aggregate intrinsic value includes only those options where the exercise price is below the market price.

58

7.6

7.6

$

1,448,338

$

1,448,338

2017

Years Ended September 30,
2016

2015

Weighted-average grant date option fair value

$

2.89

$

2.69

$

Stock option expense

Intrinsic value of options exercised

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

73,780

99,929

142,241

64,640

8,418

41,762

3.28

83,640

5,624

49,366

10. 

OTHER STOCK PLANS

Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan

The Company offers a Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan (the “DRIP”) to shareholders of record for the 
reinvestment of dividends and the purchase of up to $40,000 per year in additional shares of common stock of the 
Company. Under the DRIP, the Company issued 36,446, 52,146 and 12,647 shares in 2017, 2016 and 2015, 
respectively.  As of September 30, 2017, the Company had 448,973 shares of stock available for issuance under the 
DRIP.

Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors

The Board of Directors of the Company implemented the Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors (the “Plan”) 
effective January 27, 1997. Under the Plan, a minimum of 40% of the monthly retainer fee paid to each non-employee 
director of Resources was paid in shares of common stock (“Restricted Stock”).  The number of shares of Restricted 
Stock awarded each month is determined based on the closing sales price of Resources' common stock on the 
NASDAQ Global Market on the first business day of the month.  The Restricted Stock issued under the Plan vests 
only in the case of a participant's death, disability, retirement, or in the event of a change in control of Resources.  The 
Restricted Stock may not be sold, transferred, assigned or pledged by the participant until the shares have vested under 
the terms of the Plan.  The shares of Restricted Stock will be forfeited to Resources by a participant's voluntary 
resignation during his or her term on the Board or removal for cause as a director. Effective October 1, 2016, the 
Board of Directors amended the Plan to remove the requirement that directors take a minimum 40% of their retainer in 
Restricted Stock for those directors who owned at least 10,000 shares of Resources stock.

The Company assumes all directors will complete their term and there will be no forfeiture of the Restricted Stock.  
Since the inception of the Plan, no director has forfeited any shares of Restricted Stock.  The Company recognizes as 
compensation the market value of the Restricted Stock in the period it is issued.

The following table reflects the director compensation activity pursuant to the Plan:

2017

2016

2015

Weighted-
Average Fair
Value on Date
of Grant

Shares

Weighted-
Average Fair
Value on Date
of Grant

Shares

Weighted-
Average Fair
Value on Date
of Grant

Shares

Beginning of year
balance

107,023

$

  Granted

  Vested

  Forfeited

4,870

—

—

10.11

16.77

—

—

100,373

$

6,650

—

—

9.80

14.79

—

—

94,267

$

6,106

—

—

9.53

13.92

—

—

End of year balance

111,893

$

10.56

107,023

$

10.11

100,373

$

9.80

The fair market value of the Restricted Stock issued as compensation during fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $99,400,  
$98,334 and $85,000. No Restricted Stock vested or was forfeited during fiscal 2017, 2016 and 2015. 

As of September 30, 2017, the Company had 85,233 shares available for issuance under the Plan. 

59

RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan

The Board of Directors of the Company implemented the RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan (the “Restricted 
Stock Plan”) in 2017 following approval by the shareholders at the Company's annual meeting held on February 6, 
2017.  Under the Restricted Stock Plan, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors may grant shares of 
restricted stock that vest over time to key employees and officers for the purpose of attracting and retaining those 
individuals essential to the operation and growth of the Company.  The Restricted Stock Plan provides for certain 
restrictions and non-transferability requirements until minimum levels of ownership are obtained.  Such restrictions 
may continue beyond the vesting period.

The Restricted Stock Plan originally authorized 300,000 shares to be available for issuance; however, following the 
three-for-two stock split on March 1, 2017, the total authorized shares increased to 450,000.  As of September 30, 
2017, no shares have been granted under the Restricted Stock Plan. 

Stock Bonus Plan

Under the Stock Bonus Plan, executive officers are encouraged to own a position in the Company’s common stock of 
at least 50% of the value of their annual salary. To promote this policy, the Plan provides that all officers with stock 
ownership positions below 50% of the value of their annual salaries must, unless approved by the Committee, use no 
less than 50% of any performance bonus to purchase Company common stock. Shares from the Stock Bonus Plan may 
also be issued to certain employees and management personnel in recognition of their performance and service. Under 
the Stock Bonus Plan, the Company issued 1,628, 2,813 and 4,097 shares valued at $30,154, $39,819 and $59,332, 
respectively, in 2017, 2016 and 2015. As of September 30, 2017 the Company had 4,785 shares of stock available for 
issuance under the Stock Bonus Plan.

11. 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Long-Term Contracts

Due to the nature of the natural gas distribution business, the Company enters into agreements with both suppliers and 
pipelines to contract for natural gas commodity purchases, storage capacity and pipeline delivery capacity.  The 
Company obtains most of its regulated natural gas supply through an asset management contract between Roanoke 
Gas and a third party asset manager.  The Company utilizes an asset manager to optimize the use of its transportation, 
storage rights, and gas supply inventories which helps to ensure a secure and reliable source of natural gas. Under the 
current asset management contract, the Company has designated the asset manager to act as agent for the Company's 
storage capacity and all gas balances in storage. The Company retains ownership of gas in storage. Under provisions 
of this contract, the Company is obligated to purchase its winter storage requirements from the asset manager during 
the spring and summer injection periods at market price. The table below details the volumetric obligations as of 
September 30, 2017 for the remainder of the contract period. The current asset management contract will expire in 
March 2018.

Year
2017-2018

Total

Natural Gas Contracts
(In Decatherms)

369,828

369,828

60

The Company also has contracts for pipeline and storage capacity which extend for various periods. These capacity 
costs and related fees are valued at tariff rates in place as of September 30, 2017. These rates may increase or decrease 
in the future based upon rate filings and rate orders granting a rate change to the pipeline or storage operator. Roanoke 
Gas expended approximately $28,496,000, $24,852,000 and $33,405,000 under the asset management, pipeline and 
storage contracts in fiscal years 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The table below details the pipeline and storage 
capacity obligations as of September 30, 2017 for the remainder of the contract period. 

Year
2017-2018

2018-2019

2019-2020

2020-2021

2021-2022

Thereafter

Total

Other Contracts

$

Pipeline and
Storage Capacity

11,232,436

10,113,115

7,633,155

5,221,751

4,565,743

3,067,053

$

41,833,253

The Company maintains other agreements in the ordinary course of business covering various lease, maintenance, 
equipment and service contracts. These agreements currently extend through December 2031 and are not material to 
the Company.

Legal

From time to time, the Company may become involved in litigation or claims arising out of its operations in the 
normal course of business.  At the current time, the Company is not known to be a party to any legal proceedings that 
would be expected to have a materially adverse impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Environmental Matters

Both Roanoke Gas and a previously owned gas subsidiary operated manufactured gas plants (MGPs) as a source of 
fuel for lighting and heating until the early 1950’s. A by-product of operating MGPs was coal tar, and the potential 
exists for tar waste contaminants at the former plant sites. While the Company does not currently recognize any 
commitments or contingencies related to environmental costs at either site, should the Company ever be required to 
remediate either site, it will pursue all prudent and reasonable means to recover any related costs, including the use of 
insurance claims and regulatory approval for rate case recognition of expenses associated with any work required.

12. 

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The following table summarizes the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a 
recurring basis and the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy as defined in Note 1 as of 
September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively:

Assets:

Interest rate swaps

Total

Liabilities:

Natural gas purchases

Total

Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2017

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
Level 1

Significant  Other
Observable
Inputs
Level 2

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
Level 3

Fair Value

$
$

$
$

$
$

$
$

116,843
116,843

805,159
805,159

61

— $
— $

116,843
116,843

— $
— $

805,159
805,159

$
$

$
$

—
—

—
—

 
 
 
 
Liabilities:

Natural gas purchases

Total

Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2016

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
Level 1

Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
Level  2

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
Level 3

Fair Value

$

$

1,052,930

1,052,930

$

$

— $

— $

1,052,930

1,052,930

$

$

—

—

Under the asset management contract, a timing difference can exist between the payment for natural gas purchases and 
the actual receipt of such purchases. Payments are made based on a predetermined monthly volume with the price 
based on the weighted average first of the month index prices corresponding to the month of the scheduled payment. 
At September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company had recorded in accounts payable the estimated fair value of the 
liability determined on the corresponding first of month index prices for which the liability was expected to be settled.

The Company’s nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis consist of its 
asset retirement obligations. The asset retirement obligations are measured at fair value at initial recognition based on 
expected future cash flows to settle the obligation.

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, borrowings under line-of-credit, accounts 
payable (with the exception of the timing difference under the asset management contract), customer credit balances 
and customer deposits is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the shorter-term nature of these financial 
instruments. The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are 
not adjusted to fair value in the financial statements as of September 30, 2017 and 2016.

Liabilities:

Long-term debt
Total

Liabilities:

Long-term debt
Total

Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2017

Carrying
Amount

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
Level 1

Significant Other
Observable 
Inputs
Level 2

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
Level 3

$
$

43,812,200
43,812,200

$
$

— $
— $

— $
— $

45,689,238
45,689,238

Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2016

Carrying
Amount

Quoted Prices in
Active  Markets
Level 1

Significant Other
Observable 
Inputs
Level 2

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
Level 3

$
$

33,896,200
33,896,200

$
$

— $
— $

— $
— $

36,163,523
36,163,523

The fair value of long-term debt for Roanoke Gas is estimated by discounting the future cash flows of the fixed rate 
debt based on the underlying 20-year Treasury rate and estimated credit spread extrapolated based on market 
conditions since the issuance of the debt.  A 64 basis point increase in the 20-year Treasury in fiscal 2017 partially 
offset by a reduction in the assumed credit spreads accounted for the smaller differential between the fair value  and 
the carrying amount of the notes payable at the end of the year.  The fair value for the RGC Midstream debt is 
estimated by discounting the estimated credit spread extrapolated based on market conditions. 

FASB ASC 825 – Financial Instruments requires disclosures regarding concentrations of credit risk from financial 
instruments. Cash equivalents are investments in high-grade, short-term securities (original maturity less than three 
months), placed with financially sound institutions. Accounts receivable are from a diverse group of customers 
including individuals and small and large companies in various industries.  The Company maintains certain credit 
standards with its customers and requires a customer deposit if such evaluation warrants.

62

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13. 

QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

Quarterly financial data for the years ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 is summarized as follows: 

2017
Operating revenues

Gross margin

Operating income

Net income

Earnings per share of common stock:

Basic

Diluted

2016
Operating revenues

Gross margin

Operating income

Net income

Earnings per share of common stock:

       Basic

       Diluted

14. 

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

First
Quarter

18,788,585

9,390,905

3,982,275

2,232,218

0.31

0.31

First
Quarter

16,010,056

8,738,116

3,498,052

1,922,790

0.27

0.27

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Second
Quarter

21,900,013

10,829,730

5,589,207

3,225,199

0.45

0.45

Second
Quarter

21,777,773

10,649,269

5,444,314

3,111,447

0.44

0.44

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Third
Quarter

11,435,824

6,634,402

1,328,207

615,562

0.09

0.08

Third
Quarter

11,295,197

6,312,340

1,453,350

627,068

0.09

0.09

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Fourth
Quarter

10,172,448

5,954,120

766,620

159,886

0.02

0.02

Fourth
Quarter

9,980,265

5,865,189

816,376

145,561

0.02

0.02

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

On October 2, 2017, Roanoke Gas entered into two 10-year unsecured notes with Prudential Investment Management 
in the total principal amount of $8,000,000.  The notes have an annual interest rate of 3.58%. The proceeds from the 
note will be used to convert a portion of the Company's line-of-credit balance into longer-term financing. 

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued. There were no 
other items not otherwise disclosed which would have materially impacted the Company’s consolidated financial 
statements.

* * * * * *

63

Item 9. 

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

Item 9A. 

Controls and Procedures.

The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to be effective in providing 
reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in reports under the Exchange Act are recorded, 
processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and 
Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management to 
allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

As of September 30, 2017, the Company completed an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of 
management, including the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and 
operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, the chief executive officer 
and chief financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the 
reasonable assurance level as of September 30, 2017.

Management routinely reviews the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and makes changes, as 
necessary, to enhance the effectiveness of the internal controls over financial reporting. There were no changes in the 
internal controls over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report that have 
materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting.

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial 
reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934).  Internal control over financial 
reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation and fair presentation of financial statements for external  purposes in accordance with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America and include those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the 
maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the 
assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit 
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and 
expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the management and directors of the Company; 
and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or 
disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of the inherent limitations, any system of internal control over financial reporting, no matter how well 
designed, may not prevent or detect misstatements due to the possibility that a control can be circumvented or 
overridden or that misstatements due to error or fraud may occur that are not detected.  Projections of the effectiveness 
to future periods are subject to the risk that the internal controls may become inadequate because of changes in 
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures included in such controls may deteriorate.  
The Company’s internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP.

The Company has conducted an evaluation of the design and effectiveness of the Company’s system of internal control 
over financial reporting as of September 30, 2017, based on the framework set forth in ”Internal Control - Integrated 
Framework (2013)” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.  Based upon 
such evaluation, the Company concluded that, as of September 30, 2017, the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting was effective.

The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, Brown, Edwards & Company, LLP, has issued its report 
on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2017. 

64

 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders 
RGC Resources, Inc. 
Roanoke, Virginia 

We have audited RGC Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries (“the Company”)’s internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 
2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework - 2013 issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations 
of the Treadway Commission (COSO). RGC Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries’ management is responsible for maintaining effective 
internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included 
in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those 
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial 
reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding 
of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and 
operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we 
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting 
principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance 
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide 
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally 
accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations 
of  management  and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  prevention  or  timely  detection  of 
unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections 
of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in 
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, RGC Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries (“the Company”) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control 
over financial reporting as of September 30, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework - 2013 issued 
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

We  have  also  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States),  the 
consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2017 and 2016 and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, 
stockholders’ equity, and cash flows of RGC Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries for each of the years in the three year period ended September 
30, 2017, and our report dated December 8, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion.

              CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS

Blacksburg, Virginia
December 8, 2017 

65

 
Item 9B. 

Other Information.

None

66

Item 10. 

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

PART III

For information with respect to the executive officers of the registrant, see “Executive Officers" section in the Proxy 
Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources incorporated herein by reference. For information 
with respect to the Company’s directors and nominees and the Company’s Audit Committee, see Proposal 1 “Election 
of Directors of Resources” and “Report of the Audit Committee”, respectively, in the Proxy Statement for the 2018 
Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources, which information is incorporated herein by reference.  In addition, the 
Board of Directors has determined that Abney S. Boxley, III, George W. Logan and Raymond D. Smoot, Jr. are audit 
committee financial experts under applicable SEC rules.

For information regarding the process for identifying and evaluating candidates to be nominated as directors, see 
"Director Nominations" in the Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources, which is 
incorporated herein by reference.

Information with respect to compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, which is set forth under the caption 
"Section 16 (a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" in the Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of 
Shareholders of Resources, is incorporated herein by reference. 

The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics applicable to all of its officers, directors and employees. The Company has 
posted the text of its Code of Ethics on its website at www.rgcresources.com. The Board of Directors has adopted 
charters for the Audit, Compensation, and Corporate Governance and Nominating Committees of the Board of 
Directors. These documents may also be found on the Company’s website at www.rgcresources.com.

Item 11. 

Executive Compensation.

The information set forth under "Compensation of Directors", "Compensation Discussion and Analysis" and "Report of 
the Compensation Committee" in the Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources is 
incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12. 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

For information pertaining to securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans, see Part II, Item 5 
above.

The information pertaining to shareholders beneficially owning more than five percent of the registrant’s common stock 
and the security ownership of management, which is set forth under the caption “Security Ownership of Certain 
Beneficial Owners and Management" in the Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of 
Resources, is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 13. 

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

The information pertaining to director independence is set forth under the caption “Board of Directors and Committees 
of the Board of Directors” and pertaining to transactions with related persons is set forth under the caption 
"Transactions with Related Persons" in the Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of 
Resources, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14. 

Principal Accounting Fees and Services.

The information set forth under the caption "Report of the Audit Committee" in the Proxy Statement for the 2018 
Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources is incorporated herein by reference.

67

 
 
 
 
Item 15. 

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

(a) 

List of documents filed as part of this report:

PART IV

1. 

2. 

Financial statements filed as part of this report:

All financial statements of the registrant as set forth under Item 8 of this Report on Form 10-K.

Financial statement schedules filed as part of this report:

All information is inapplicable or presented in the consolidated financial statements or related notes 
thereto.

3. 

Exhibits to this Form 10-K filed as part of this report:

10 (f)

10 (o)

FTS Service Agreement effective April 1, 2017 between Columbia Gas Transmission LLC and Roanoke Gas 
Company

FSS Service Agreement between Saltville Gas Storage Company L.L.C. and Roanoke Gas Company dated 
November 21, 2012

10 (i)(i)

RGC Resources, Inc. Amended and Restated Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors

13

21

23

31.1

31.2

32.1*

32.2*

101

Annual Report

Subsidiaries of the Company

Consent of Brown, Edwards & Company, LLP

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer

Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer

Section 1350 Certification of Principal Financial Officer

The following documents from the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the years ended
September 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language);
Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2017 and 2016, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income for
the years ended September 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive
Income for the years ended September 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, (iv) Consolidated Statements of
Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended September 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, (v) Consolidated Statements
of Cash Flows for the years ended September 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements.

* 

These certifications are being furnished solely to accompany this annual report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and 
are not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not to be incorporated by 
reference into any filing of the registrant, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general 
incorporation language in such filing.

Item 16. 

Form 10-K Summary.

Not applicable.

68

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

RGC RESOURCES, INC.

By:

/S/    PAUL W. NESTER        

Paul W. Nester
Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and CFO
(principal accounting and financial officer)

December 8, 2017

Date

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been signed below 
by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

/S/    JOHN S. D'ORAZIO        

December 8, 2017

John S. D'Orazio

Date

President and Chief Executive
Officer, Director

/S/    PAUL W. NESTER        

December 8, 2017

Paul W. Nester

Date

Vice President, Treasurer and CFO
(principal accounting and financial 
officer)

/S/    JOHN B. WILLIAMSON, III        

December 8, 2017

Chairman of the Board and Director

John B. Williamson, III

Date

/S/    NANCY H. AGEE        

December 8, 2017

Director

Nancy H. Agee

Date

/S/    ABNEY S. BOXLEY, III        

December 8, 2017

Director

Abney S. Boxley, III

Date

/S/    MARYELLEN F. GOODLATTE        

December 8, 2017

Director

Maryellen F. Goodlatte

Date

/S/    J. ALLEN LAYMAN        

J. Allen Layman

December 8, 2017

Director

Date

/S/    GEORGE W. LOGAN        

George W. Logan

December 8, 2017

Director

Date

/S/    S. FRANK SMITH        

S. Frank Smith

December 8, 2017

Director

Date

/S/    RAYMOND D. SMOOT, JR.        

December 8, 2017

Director

Raymond D. Smoot, Jr.

Date

70

 
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
Exhibit No.

3 (a)

3 (b)

4 (a)

4 (b)

4 (c)

10 (a)

10 (b)

10 (c)

10 (d)

10 (e)

10 (f)

10 (g)

10 (h)

10 (i)

10 (j)

EXHIBIT INDEX

Description

Articles of Incorporation of RGC Resources, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3(a) 
of Registration Statement No. 33-67311, on Form S-4, filed with the Commission on November 13, 
1998, and amended by Amendment No. 5, filed with the Commission on January 28, 1999)

Amended and Restated Bylaws of RGC Resources, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 
3(b) on the Form 8-K filed on February 7, 2014)

Specimen copy of certificate for RGC Resources, Inc. common stock, $5.00 par value (incorporated 
herein by reference to Exhibit 3(b) of Registration Statement No. 33-67311, on Form S-4, filed with 
the Commission on November 13, 1998, and amended by Amendment No. 5, filed with the 
Commission on January 28, 1999)

RGC Resources, Inc., Amended and Restated Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(b) of the Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2014)

Description of RGC Resources, Inc. Common Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 on 
Form 8-K as filed on August 10, 2017)

P Firm Transportation Agreement between East Tennessee Natural Gas Company and Roanoke Gas

Company dated November 1, 1993 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of the Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1994 (SEC file number reference
0-367))

NTS Service Agreement between Columbia Gas Transmission Corporation and Roanoke Gas 
Company dated September 3, 2004 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(g)(g)(g) of the 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended December 31, 2004)

FSS Service Agreement between Columbia Gas Transmission Corporation and Roanoke Gas 
Company dated September 3, 2004 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(h)(h)(h) of the 
Quarterly Report Form 10-Q for the period ended December 31, 2004)

FTS Service Agreement between Columbia Gas Transmission Corporation and Roanoke Gas 
Company dated September 3, 2004 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(i)(i)(i) of the 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended December 31, 2004)

SST Service Agreement between Columbia Gas Transmission Corporation and Roanoke Gas 
Company dated September 3, 2004 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(j)(j)(j) of the 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended December 31, 2004)

FTS Service Agreement effective April 1, 2017 between Columbia Gas Transmission LLC and 
Roanoke Gas Company 

FTS-1 Service Agreement between Columbia Gulf Transmission Corporation and Roanoke Gas 
Company dated September 3, 2004 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(k)(k)(k) of the 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for period ended December 31, 2004)

P Gas Transportation Agreement, for use under FT-A rate schedule, between Tennessee Gas Pipeline

Company and Roanoke Gas Company dated November 1, 1993 (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10(k) of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1994
(SEC file number reference 0-367))

P Gas Transportation Agreement, for use under IT rate schedule, between Tennessee Gas Pipeline

Company and Roanoke Gas Company dated September 1, 1993 (incorporated herein by reference to
Exhibit 10(l) of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1994
(SEC file number reference 0-367))

P Gas Storage Contract under rate schedule FS (Market Area) Portland between Tennessee Gas

Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas Company dated November 1, 1993 (incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 10(k)(k) of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
September 30, 1994 (SEC file number reference 0-367))

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10 (k)

10 (l)

10 (m)

10 (n)

10(o)

10 (p)

10 (q)

10 (r)

10 (s)

10 (t)

10 (u)

10 (v)

10 (w)

10 (x)

10 (y)

FTA Gas Transportation Agreement effective November 1, 1998, between East Tennessee Natural 
Gas Company and Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(s)(s) of 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1998 (SEC file reference 
number 0-367))

FTS Service Agreement effective November 1, 1999, between Columbia Gas Transmission 
Corporation and Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(p)(p) of 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2001 (SEC file reference 
number 0-367))

Firm Storage Service Agreement effective March 19, 1997, between Virginia Gas Storage Company 
and Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(w)(w) of Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1998 (SEC file reference number 
0-367))

Firm Storage Service Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Virginia Gas Pipeline 
Company, dated June 1, 2001 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(b)(b)(b) of Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2001 (SEC file number reference 
0-367))

FSS Service Agreement between Saltville Gas Storage Company L.L.C. and Roanoke Gas 
Company dated November 21, 2012 

Firm Pipeline Service Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Virginia Gas Pipeline 
Company, dated June 1, 2001 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(c)(c)(c) of Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2001 (SEC file number reference 
0-367))

Natural Gas Asset Management Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Sequent 
Energy Management LP effective as of November 1, 2013 (incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed October 9, 2013 (SEC file number reference 0-367))

Notice of Renewal of Natural Gas Asset Management Agreement originally dated November 1, 
2013 between Sequent Energy Management and Roanoke Gas Company with an effective date of 
March 31, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of Form 10-Q as filed August 4, 2016)

Guaranty Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Sequent Energy Management effective June 
7, 2016. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 on Form 10-Q as filed August 4, 2016)

Gas Transportation Agreement between Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas 
Company originally dated November 1, 1999 as amended May 17, 2016 (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.3 of Form 10-Q as filed August 4, 2016)

Amendment dated May 17, 2016 to Gas Transportation Agreement originally dated December 1, 
1993 between Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein 
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 10-Q as filed August 4, 2016)

Amendment dated May 17, 2016 to Gas Transportation Agreement originally dated November 1, 
1993 between Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein 
by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Form 10-Q as filed August 4, 2016)

P Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Bedford County dated February 21, 1966

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(o) of Registration Statement No. 33-36605, on Form
S-2, filed with the Commission on August 29, 1990, and amended by Amendment No. 1, filed with
the Commission on September 19, 1990)

P Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Roanoke County dated October 19, 1965

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(p) of Registration Statement No. 33-36605, on Form
S-2, filed with the Commission on August 29, 1990, and amended by Amendment No. 1, filed with
the Commission on September 19, 1990)

P Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Botetourt County dated August 30, 1966

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(q) of Registration Statement No. 33-36605, on Form
S-2, filed with the Commission on August 29, 1990, and amended by Amendment No. 1, filed with
the Commission on September 19, 1990)

 
 
 
 
 
 
10 (z)

10 (a)(a)

10 (b)(b)

P Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Montgomery County dated July 8, 1985

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(r) of Registration Statement No. 33-36605, on Form
S-2, filed with the Commission on August 29, 1990, and amended by Amendment No. 1, filed with
the Commission on September 19, 1990)

P Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Franklin County dated September 8, 1964

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(t) of Registration Statement No. 33-36605, on Form
S-2, filed with the Commission on August 29, 1990, and amended by Amendment No. 1, filed with
the Commission on September 19, 1990)

P Resolution of the Council for the Town of Fincastle, Virginia dated June 8, 1970 (incorporated

herein by reference to Exhibit 10(f) of Registration Statement No. 33-11383, on Form S-4, filed
with the Commission on January 16, 1987)

10 (c)(c)

P Resolution of the Council for the Town of Troutville, Virginia dated November 4, 1968

(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(g) of Registration Statement No. 33-11383, on Form
S-4, filed with the Commission on January 16, 1987)

10 (d)(d)

10 (e)(e)

10 (f)(f)

10 (g)(g)

10 (h)(h)

10 (i)(i)

10 (j)(j)

10 (k)(k)

10 (l)(l)

10 (m)(m)

10 (n)(n)

10 (o)(o)

10 (p)(p)

Gas Franchise Agreement between the City of Roanoke, Virginia, and Roanoke Gas Company dated 
December 14, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed 
December 16, 2015)

Gas Franchise Agreement between the City of Salem, Virginia, and Roanoke Gas Company dated 
December 14, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed 
December 16, 2015)

Gas Franchise Agreement between the Town of Vinton, Virginia, and Roanoke Gas Company dated 
November 17, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed 
December 16, 2015)

RGC Resources Amended and Restated Key Employee Stock Option Plan (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 4(c) of Registration Statement No. 333-02455, Post Effective Amendment on 
Form S-8, filed with the Commission on July 2, 1999)

RGC Resources, Inc. Amended and Restated Stock Bonus Plan (incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 10 on Form 8-K filed on January 27, 2005 (SEC file  reference number 0-367))

RGC Resources, Inc. Amended And Restated Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors 

RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of 
Form 8-K as filed February 9, 2017)

Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Paul W. Nester effective May 1, 
2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed May 5, 2015)

Change in Control Agreement by and between RGC Resources, Inc. and Robert L. Wells, II 
effective May 1, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed May 
5, 2015)

Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Carl J. Shockley effective 
May 1, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed May 5, 2015)

Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and John S. D'Orazio effective April 1, 
2016 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed April 4, 2016)

Revolving Line of Credit Note in the original principal amount of $30,000,000 by Roanoke Gas 
Company in favor of Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated March 27, 2017 (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed March 29, 2017)

Credit Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated 
March 31, 2016 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed April 4, 
2016)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10 (q)(q)

10 (r)(r)

10 (s)(s)

10 (t)(t)

10 (u)(u)

10 (v)(v)

10 (w)(w)

10 (x)(x)

10 (y)(y)

10 (z)(z)

10 (a)(a)(a)

10 (b)(b)(b)

10 (c)(c)(c)

10 (d)(d)(d)

10 (e)(e)(e)

10 (f)(f)(f)

First Amendment to Credit Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo 
Bank, N.A. dated March 27, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as 
filed March 29, 2017)

Continuing Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated March 31, 
2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed April 4, 2016)

Indemnification and Cost Sharing Agreement by and between RGC Resources, Inc., Bluefield Gas 
Company and ANGD, LLC (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 10-K as filed 
December 21, 2007 (SEC file number reference 0-367))

Note Purchase Agreement for 4.26% Senior Guaranteed Notes due September 18, 2034 in the 
original principal amount of $30,500,000 in favor of The Prudential Insurance Company of 
America, PAR U Hartford Life & Annuity Comfort Trust and PRUCO Life Insurance Company of 
New Jersey (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed August 4, 2014)

Unconditional Parent Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of each of the olders of the notes: 
The Prudential Life Insurance Company of America, PAR U Hartford Life & Annuity Comfort 
Trust and PRUCO Life Insurance Company of New Jersey (incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed August 4, 2014)

4.26% Senior Guaranteed Notes due September 18, 2034 in the original principal amount of 
$15,250,000 in favor of The Prudential Insurance Company of America (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed September 23, 2014)

4.26% Senior Guaranteed Notes due September 18, 2034 in the original principal amount of 
$9,700,000 in favor of PAR U Hartford Life & Annuity Comfort Trust (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed September 23, 2014)

4.26% Senior Guaranteed Notes due September 18, 2034 in the original principal amount of 
$5,550,000 in favor of PRUCO Life Insurance Company of New Jersey (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed September 23, 2014)

ISDA Master Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Branch Bank and Trust dated 
as of October 27, 2008 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed 
November 5, 2008 (SEC file number reference 0-367))

Unconditional guaranty by and between RGC Resources, Inc. and Wachovia Bank, National 
Association, dated March 23, 2009 for the benefit of Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed March 26, 2009 (SEC file number reference 0-367))

Credit Agreement between RGC Midstream, LLC, Union Bank & Trust and Branch Banking and 
Trust Company dated December 29, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K 
as filed December 31, 2015)

Promissory Note dated December 29, 2015 by RGC Midstream, LLC in the principal amount of 
$15,000,000 in favor of Union Bank &Trust due December 29, 2020 (incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed December 31, 2015)

Promissory Note dated December 29, 2015 by RGC Midstream, LLC in the principle amount of 
$10,000,000 in favor of Branch Banking and Trust Company due December 29, 2020 (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed December 31, 2015)

Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of Union Bank & Trust and Branch Banking and Trust 
Company dated December 29, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K 
as filed December 31, 2015)

Term Loan Agreement dated November 1, 2016 in favor of Branch Banking and Trust Company 
dated November 1, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed November 
7, 2016)

Promissory Note dated November 1, 2016 in the principle amount of $7,000,000 in favor of Branch 
Banking and Trust Company due November 1, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on 
Form 8-K as filed November 7, 2016)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10 (g)(g)(g)

10 (h)(h)(h)

10 (i)(i)(i)

10 (j)(j)(j)

10 (k)(k)(k)

10 (l)(l)(l)

10 (m)(m)
(m)

**

10 (n)(n)(n) **

10 (o)(o)(o) **

10 (p)(p)(p)

13

21

23

31.1

31.2

32.1*

32.2*

101

Guaranty Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Branch Banking and Trust Company on 
behalf of Roanoke Gas Company dated November 1, 2016 (incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed November 7, 2016)

Swap Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Branch Banking and Trust Company 
dated November 1, 2016 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed 
November 7, 2016)

Private Shelf Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Prudential Investment 
Management, Inc. for the pre-authorization to issue notes up to $29,500,000 in total during the term 
of the agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed October 4, 
2017)

Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $4,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas 
Company and PRUCO Life Insurance Company of New Jersey, dated October 2, 2017 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed October 4, 2017)

Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $4,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas 
Company and Prudential Arizona Reinsurance Captive Company, dated October 2, 2017 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed October 4, 2017)

Unconditional Parent Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of each of the olders of the notes: 
The PRUCO Life Insurance Company of New Jersey and the Prudential Arizona Reinsurance 
Captive Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed October 4, 
2017)

Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Mountain Valley Pipeline, 
LLC dated March 10, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q as filed 
February 5, 2016)

First Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Agreement of Mountain 
Valley Pipeline, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q as filed May 6, 
2016)

Second Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of 
Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC dated October 24, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 
on the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as filed February 8, 2017)

Guaranty Agreement by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC dated 
October 1, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 10-Q as filed February 
5, 2016)

Annual Report

Subsidiaries of the Company

Consent of Brown, Edwards & Company, LLP

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer

Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer

Section 1350 Certification of Principal Financial Officer

The following documents from the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the years ended
September 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting
Language); Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2017 and 2016, (ii) Consolidated
Statements of Income for the years ended September 30, 2017, 2016 and 2015, (iii) Consolidated
Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended September 30, 2017. 2016 and 2015, (iv)
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended September 30, 2017, 2016 and
2015, (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended September 30, 2017, 2016
and 2015, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
* 

These certifications are being furnished solely to accompany this annual report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and 
are not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not to be incorporated by 
reference into any filing of the registrant, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general 
incorporation language in such filing.

** 

Confidential treatment has been granted with respect to portions of this exhibit, indicated by asterisks, which has been 
filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

P 

These original exhibits were filed with the SEC in paper form and therefore are not hyper-linked to the original filing.

Exhibit 10(f)

Service Agreement No. 181709 

Revision No. 0

FTS SERVICE AGREEMENT

THIS AGREEMENT is made and entered into this 21 day of October, 2016, by and between COLUMBIA 

GAS TRANSMISSION, LLC ("Transporter") and ROANOKE GAS COMPANY ("Shipper").

WITNESSETH:   That in consideration of the mutual covenants herein contained, the parties hereto agree 

as follows:

Section 1. Service to be Rendered.  Transporter shall perform and Shipper shall receive service in 
accordance with the provisions of the effective FTS Rate Schedule and applicable General Terms and 
Conditions of Transporter's FERC Gas Tariff, Fourth Revised Volume No. 1 ("Tariff"), on file with the Federal 
Energy Regulatory Commission ("Commission"), as the same may be amended or superseded in accordance 
with the rules and regulations of the Commission. The maximum obligation of Transporter to deliver gas 
hereunder to or for Shipper, the designation of the points of delivery at which Transporter shall deliver or 
cause gas to be delivered to or for Shipper, and the points of receipt at which Shipper shall deliver or cause 
gas to be delivered, are specified in Appendix A, as the same may be amended from time to time by 
agreement between Shipper and Transporter, or in accordance with the rules and regulations of the 
Commission.

Section 2. Term.  Service under this Agreement shall commence as of April 1, 2017, and shall continue in 

full force and effect until March 31, 2027.  Pre-granted abandonment shall apply upon termination of this 
Agreement, subject to any right of first refusal Shipper may have under the Commission's regulations and 
Transporter's Tariff.

Section 3. Rates.  Shipper shall pay Transporter the charges and furnish Retainage as described in the 
above-referenced Rate Schedule, unless otherwise agreed to by the parties in writing and specified as an 
amendment to this Service Agreement. Transporter may agree to discount its rate to Shipper below 
Transporter's maximum rate, but not less than Transporter's minimum rate. Such discounted rate may apply to:
(a) specified quantities (contract demand or commodity quantities); (b) specified quantities above or below a 
certain level or all quantities if quantities exceed a certain level; (c) quantities during specified time periods; (d) 
quantities at specified points, locations, or other defined geographical areas; (e) that a specified discounted 
rate will apply in a specified relationship to the quantities actually transported (i.e., that the reservation charge 
will be adjusted in a specified relationship to quantities actually transported); (f) production and/or reserves 
committed by the Shipper; and (g) based on a formula including, but not limited to, published index prices for 
specific receipt and/or delivery points or other agreed-upon pricing points, provided that the resulting rate shall 
be no lower than the minimum nor higher than the maximum applicable rate set forth in the Tariff. In addition, 
the discount agreement may include a provision that if one rate component which was at or below the 
applicable maximum rate at the time the discount agreement was executed subsequently exceeds the 
applicable maximum rate due to a change in Transporter's maximum rate so that such rate component must be 
adjusted downward to equal the new applicable maximum rate, then other rate components may be adjusted 
upward to achieve the agreed overall rate, so long as none of the resulting rate components exceed the 
maximum rate applicable to that rate component.  Such changes to rate components shall be applied 
prospectively, commencing with the date a Commission order accepts revised tariff sections. However, nothing 
contained herein shall be construed to alter a refund obligation under applicable law for any period during 
which rates, which had been charged under a discount agreement, exceeded rates which ultimately are found 
to be just and reasonable.

Section 4. Notices.  Notices to Transporter under this Agreement shall be addressed to it at 5151 San 
Felipe, Suite 2500, Houston, Texas 77056, Attention: Customer Services and notices to Shipper shall be

addressed to it at Roanoke Gas Company, President, P.O. Box 13007, Roanoke, VA 24030, Attention: 
Roanoke Gas Company, until changed by either party by written notice.

Section 5. Superseded Agreements.  This Service Agreement supersedes and cancels, as of the effective 

date hereof, the following Service Agreement(s): N/A.

ROANOKE GAS COMPANY 

COLUMBIA GAS TRANSMISSION, LLC

By
Title
Date

/s/ Michael Gagnet

October 21, 2016

By
Title
Date

/s/ Millie Moran
VP, Cust Svcs & Bus Int
October 19, 2016

Revision No.  0

Appendix A to Service Agreement No. 181709 
Under Rate Schedule FTS
between Columbia Gas Transmission, LLC ("Transporter") 
and Roanoke Gas Company ("Shipper").

Transportation Demand

Begin Date 

End Date

Recurrence Interval

Transportation Demand Dth/day

04/01/2017 

03/31/2027 

7,000 

1/1 - 12/31

Primary Receipt Points

Begin Date
04/01/2017

End Date
03/31/2017

Scheduling
Point No.
801

Scheduling Point Name
TCO-LEACH

Measuring
Point No.

801

Measuring Point Name
TCO-LEACH

Maximum
Daily
Quantity
(Dth/day)
7,000

Minimum
Receipt
Pressure
Obligation
(psig) 1/

Recurrence
Interval
1/1 - 12/31

Primary Delivery Points

Maximum

Daily

Delivery

Design Daily

Minimum
Delivery
Pressure

Begin Date

End Date

Scheduling
Point No.

04/01/2017

03/31/2027

62

Scheduling Point Name

ROANOKE GAS
COMPANY

Measuring
Point No.

62

Measuring Point Name

ROANOKE GAS
COMPANY

Obligation
(Dth/day) 1/

Quantity
(Dth/day) 1/

Obligation
(psig) 1/

Recurrence
Interval

7,000

1/1-12/31

1/ 

Application of MDDOs, DDQs and ADQs, minimum pressure and/or hourly flowrate shall be as follows:

 
 
The Master List of Interconnects ("MLI") as defined in Section 1 of the General Terms and Conditions of Transporter's Tariff is incorporated herein by reference 
for purposes of listing valid secondary interruptible receipt points and delivery points.

Yes     X  No (Check applicable blank) Transporter and Shipper have mutually agreed to a Regulatory Restructuring Reduction Option pursuant to Section 

42 of the General Terms and Conditions of Transporter's FERC Gas Tariff.

Yes     X  No (Check applicable blank) Shipper has a contractual right of first refusal equivalent to the right of first refusal set forth from time to time in 

Section 4 of the General Terms and Conditions of Transporter's FERC Gas Tariff.

    X  Yes 
applicable, set forth in Transporter's currently effective Rate Schedule SST Service Agreement No. 79864 Appendix A with Shipper, which are incorporated herein 
by reference.

No (Check applicable blank) All gas shall be delivered at existing points of interconnection within the MDDOs, ADQs and/or DDQs, as 

Yes     X  No (Check applicable blank) This Service Agreement covers interim capacity sold pursuant to the provisions of General Terms and Conditions 

Section 4. Right of first refusal rights, if any, applicable to this interim capacity are limited as provided for in General Terms and Conditions Section 4.

Yes     X  No (Check applicable blank) This Service Agreement covers offsystem capacity sold pursuant to Section 47 of the General Terms and 
Conditions. Right of first refusal rights, if any, applicable to this offsystem capacity are limited as provided for in General Terms and Conditions Section 47.

ROANOKE GAS COMPANY

COLUMBIA GAS TRANSMISSION, LLC

By

Title

Date

Michael Gagnet

October 21, 2016

By

Title

Date

Millie Moran

VP, Cust Svcs & Bus Int

October 19, 2016

  
  
  
  
SERVICE AGREEMENT
FOR RATE SCHEDULE FSS

Exhibit 10(o)

Date: Nov 21, 2013

Contract No.  420074-R1

This AGREEMENT is entered into by and between SALTVILLE GAS STORAGE COMPANY L.L.C., 
(“Saltville”) and ROANOKE GAS COMPANY (“Customer”). 

WHEREAS, Saltville and Customer desire to enter into the Service Agreement for storage service under Rate Schedule FSS> 

NO THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the mutual covenants herein contained,  
The parties do agree as follows: 

1.)  Saltville agrees to provide and Customer agrees to take and pay for service under this Agreement pursuant to Saltville’s Rate 
Schedule FSS and the General Terms and Conditions of Saltville’s Tariff, which are incorporated herein by reference and made 
a part hereof. 

2.)  The Maximum Storage Quantity (“MSQ”), Maximum Daily Withdrawal Quantity, (“MDWQ”) and Maximum Daily Injection Quantity 
(“MDIQ”) and the Primary Point(s) of Receipt and Delivery applicable to service under this Agreement are listed on Exhibit A 
attached hereto. Exhibit A constitutes a part of this agreement and is incorporated herein. 

3.)  This Agreement shall be effective on April 1, 2013 and shall continue until March 31, 2018 (“Primary Term”);provided, however, 
that if the Primary Term is of a duration of more than one year, then the contract shall remain in force and effect and the contract 
term will automatically roll-over for additional five year increments (“Secondary Term”) unless Customer, one year prior to the 
expiration of the Primary Term or a Secondary Term, provides written notice to Saltville of either (1) exercise its right-of-first-
refusal in accord with Section 8 of Rate Schedule FSS. Provided further, if the Commission or other governmental body having 
jurisdiction over the service rendered pursuant to this Agreement authorizes abandonment of such service, this Agreement 
shall terminate on the abandonment date permitted by the Commission or such other governmental body. Any portions of this 
Agreement  necessary  to  correct  or  cash-out  imbalances  under  this Agreement  as  required  by        the  General  Terms  and 
Conditions of Saltville’s FERC Gas Tariff shall survive the other parts of this Agreement until such time as such balancing has 
been accomplished. 

4.)  Maximum rates, charges, and fees shall be applicable to service pursuant to this Agreement except during the specified term 
of a discounted or negotiated rate to which Customer and Saltville have agreed. Provisions governing such discounted rate 
shall be as specified in the Discount Confirmation provided to Customer by Saltville. Provisions governing such negotiated rate 
and term shall be as specified on an appropriate Statement of Negotiated Rates filed, with the consent of Customer, as part 
of Saltville’s Tariff. It is further agreed that Saltville may seek authorization from the Commission and/or other appropriate body 
at any time and from time to time to change any rates, charges or other provisions in the applicable Rate Schedule and General 
Terms and Conditions of Saltville’s Tariff and Saltville shall have the right to place such changes in effect in accordance with 
the Natural Gas Act.  Nothing contained herein shall be construed to deny Customer any rights it may have under the Natural 
Gas Act, including the right to participate fully in rate or other proceedings by intervention or otherwise to contest increased 
rates in whole or in part. 

5.)  Unless otherwise required in the Tariff, all notices shall be in writing and mailed to the applicable address below or transmitted 
via facsimile.  Customer or Saltville may change the addresses or other information below by written notice to the other without 
the necessity of amending this Agreement: 

SALTVILLE: 

Customer:  

SALTVILLE GAS STORAGE COMPANY L.L.C.
5400 WESTHEIMER COURT
ROUTE CODE: GTMKTSERV
HOUSTON, TX 77056

ROANOKE GAS COMPANY 
PO BOX 13007
ROANOKE, VA 24030-3007

6.)  The interpretation and performance of this Agreement shall be in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia 
without recourse to the law regarding the conflict of laws.  This Agreement and the obligations of the parties are subject to all 
present and future valid laws with respect to the subject matter, State and Federal, and to all valid present and future orders, 
rules and regulations of duly constituted authorities having jurisdiction.

7.)  This Agreement supersedes and cancels, as of the effective date of this Agreement, the contract(s) between the parties hereto 

as described below if applicable: 

     [None or an appropriate description]

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Page 1 of 2

Contract No.: 420074-R1

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this agreement to be signed by their Respective Officers and/or 
Representatives thereunto duly authorized to be effective as of the date stated above. 

ROANOKE GAS COMPANY

SALTVILLE GAS STORAGE COMPANY L.L.C.

By: /s/ John S. D'Orazio

Title: President & CEO

Date: Nov 21, 2012

By: /s/ Patti Fitzgerald

Title: VP, Marketing

Date: 12/6/12

Page 2 of 2

Exhibit A dated November 21, 2012
To the Firm Storage Service Agreement date November 21, 2012
Between
Saltville Gas Storage Company L.L.C. (Saltville)
and
ROANOKE GAS COMPANY (Customer)

Exhibit A Effective Date: 04/04/2013

I. 

II. 

Primary Point(S) of Receipt: 
Meter 
Number    
44009 

MDRO 
1,500 

       Description   
       EARLY GROVE REC/INJ (59147) 

Primary Point(S) of Delivery: 
Meter
Number  
44147 

MDDO 
2,500 

       Description   
        EARLY GROVE DEL/WD (59009) 

County   
WASHINGTON 

State
 VA

County   
WASHINGTON  VA

State

III. 

Service Levels: 
1.)  Quantities: 

Maximum Storage Quantity (MSQ): 
Maximum Daily Injection Quantity (MDIQ): 
Maximum Daily Withdrawal Quantity (MDWQ): 

      250,000 Dth
          1,500 Dth/Day
          2,500 Dth/Day

SIGNED FOR IDENTIFICATION: 

SALTVILLE: /s/ Patti Fitzgerald

CUSTOMER: /s/ John S. D’Orazio

SUPERSEDES EXHIBIT A DATED N/A

Legal Approved by CMP, Capacity Approved by WW, Credit Approved by GW

Page 1 of 1 

   Contract No: 420074-R1A1

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AMENDED AND RESTATED
RESTRICTED STOCK PLAN FOR
OUTSIDE DIRECTORS OF RGC RESOURCES, INC.

Exhibit 10(i)(i)

1. 

Assumption of Plan by RGC Resources, Inc.; Purpose

This Amended and Restated Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors of RGC Resources, 
Inc.  (as  successor  to  Roanoke  Gas  Company)  (the  "Plan")  amends  and  restates  the  Roanoke  Gas 
Company Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors (the "Original Plan"), which was adopted by the 
Board of Directors of Roanoke Gas Company ("Roanoke Gas") on September 23, 1996, and became 
effective as of such date upon approval of the Original Plan by the shareholders of Roanoke Gas company 
on  January  27,  1997. The  amendment  and  restatement  of  the  Original  Plan  and  the  assumption  of 
liabilities hereunder are undertaken by RGC Resources, Inc., (the “Company”), as successor to Roanoke 
Gas,  in  connection  with  the  reorganization  of  Roanoke  Gas  into  a  holding  company  structure  (the 
“Reorganization”) as part of which Roanoke Gas became a wholly-owned subsidiary of RGC Resources 
as of July 1, 1999. The Reorganization is being effected pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger 
dated as of September 28, 1998 (the “Merger Agreement”), which is approved by the stockholders of 
Roanoke Gas on March 31, 1999, and pursuant to which Roanoke Gas and RGC Resources agreed that 
from  and  after  the  effective  date  of  the  Merger  provided  for  therein,  this  Plan  would  utilize  RGC 
Resources common stock instead of Roanoke Gas common stock. Accordingly, as of the effective date 
hereof, RGC Resources assumes the obligations of Roanoke Gas under the Original Plan and undertakes 
to carry out all responsibilities of the Company specified herein. Roanoke Gas consents and agrees to 
the assumption by RGC Resources of the Roanoke Gas’ responsibilities under this Plan. 

The Amended and Restated Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors of RGC Resources, Inc.  
is  intended  to  advance  the  interests  of  RGC  Resources,  Inc.,  its  shareholders,  and  its  affiliates  by 
encouraging and enabling outside directors upon whose judgment,  initiative and effort the Company 
relies for the successful conduct of its business, to acquire and retain a proprietary interest in the Company 
by ownership of its stock.

2. 

Definitions

The following definitions apply to this Plan and to the Election Forms:

(a) 

Beneficiary or Beneficiaries means a person or persons or other entity designated on 
a Beneficiary Designation Form by a Participant to receive Company Stock under this 
Plan if the Participant dies.  If there is no valid designation by the Participant, or if 
the  designated  Beneficiary  or  Beneficiaries  fail  to  survive  the  Participant,  the 
Participant's Beneficiary is the first of the following who survives the Participant: the 
Participant's spouse (the person legally married to the Participant when the Participant 
dies); the Participant's children in equal shares; the Participant's other surviving issue, 
per stirpes; the Participant's parents; and the Participant's estate.

1

(b) 

Beneficiary  Designation  Form  means  a  form  acceptable  to  the  Chairman  of  the 
Committee or his designee used by a Participant according to this Plan to name the 
Beneficiary or Beneficiaries who will receive all the Company Stock under this Plan 
if the Participant dies.

(c) 

Board means the Board of Directors of the Company.

(d) 

Change in Control means a change in control of a nature that would be required to 
be reported (assuming such event has not been "previously reported") in response to 
Item l (a) of the Current Report on Form 8-K, as in effect on the date hereof, pursuant 
to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended ("Exchange 
Act"); provided that, notwithstanding  the foregoing and without limitation, such a 
change in control shall be deemed to have occurred at such time as (i) any Person is 
or becomes the "beneficial owner" (as defined in Rule 13d-3 or Rule 13d-5 under the 
Exchange Act as in effect on the date hereof), directly or indirectly, of 20% or more 
of the combined voting power of the Company's voting securities; (ii) the incumbent 
Board ceases for any reason to constitute at least the majority of the Board, provided 
that any person becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof whose election, or 
nomination for election by the Company's shareholders, was approved by a vote of at 
least 75% of the directors comprising the incumbent Board (either by a specific vote 
or by approval of the proxy statement of the Company in which such person is named 
as a nominee for director, without objection to such nomination) shall be, for purposes 
of this clause (ii), considered as though such person were a member of the incumbent 
Board; (iii) all or substantially all of the assets of the Company are sold, transferred 
or conveyed by any means, including, but not limited to, direct purchase or merger, if 
the transferee is not controlled by the Company, control meaning the ownership of 
more than 50% of the combined voting power of such entity's voting securities; or (iv) 
the Company is merged or consolidated with another corporation or entity and as a 
result of such merger or consolidation less than 75% of the outstanding voting securities 
of the surviving or resulting corporation or entity shall be owned in the aggregate by 
the former shareholders of the Company.  Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing 
to the contrary, no Change in Control shall be deemed to have occurred for purposes 
of the Plan by virtue of any transaction (i) which results in a Participant or a group of 
Persons which includes the Participant, acquiring, directly or indirectly, 20% or more 
of the combined voting power of the Company's voting securities; or (ii) which results 
in the Company, any affiliate of the Company or any profit-sharing plan, employee 
stock ownership plan or employee benefit plan of the Company or any of its affiliates 
(or any trustee of or fiduciary with respect to any such plan acting in such capacity) 
acquiring, directly or indirectly, 20% or more of the combined voting power of the 
Company's voting securities.

(e) 

Committee means the Compensation Committee of the Board.

(f) 

Company means RGC Resources, Inc.

(g) 

Company Stock means the common stock, $5 par value of the Company.

2

(h) 

Compensation means a Member's Retainer Fee for the Deferral Year.

(i) 

Election Form means a document governed by the provisions of Section 4 of this Plan, 
including the portion that is the related Beneficiary Designation Form, that applies to 
all of that Participant's shares of Restricted Stock under the Plan.

(j) 

Directors means those duly named members of the Board.

(k) 

(1) 

Election Date means the date established by this Plan as the date before which a Member 
must submit a valid Election Form to the Committee.  For each Plan Year, the Election 
Date is July 31.  However, for an individual who becomes a Member during a Plan 
Year, the Election Date is the thirtieth day following the date that he becomes a Member.  
Despite  the  two  preceding  sentences,  the  Committee  may  set  an  earlier  date  as  the 
Election Date for any Plan Year.

Employee means an individual with whom either the Company or its affiliates has an 
employer-employee relationship  as determined for Federal Insurance Contribution Act 
purposes and Federal Unemployment Tax Act purposes, including subsection 3401(c) 
of the Internal Revenue Code and regulations promulgated under that subsection.

(m) 

Family Trust means a trust for which the applicable Participant serves as a trustee and 
which is for the benefit of family members of the Participant. 

(n)  Members means Directors who are not simultaneously Employees.

(o) 

Participant means a Member during the Plan Year (including any Family Trust to 
which Restricted Stock is transferred by him or her in accordance with Section 6 of 
this Plan).

(p) 

Plan means the Company's Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors.

(q) 

(r) 

(s) 

(t) 

Plan Year means a fiscal year ending September 30 during which the Plan is in 
effect and during which a Member receives a portion or all of his Compensation in 
Restricted Stock hereunder.

Person  means  person  within  the  meaning  of  Sections  3(a)(9)  and  13(d)(3)  of  the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Restricted Stock means Company Stock issued to Participants under the Plan and 
subject to the vesting and non-transferability provision of the Plan.

Retainer Fee means that portion of a Director's Compensation that is fixed and paid 
without regard to his attendance at meetings.

3

3. 

Restricted Stock Payments

Unless a Participant owns at least 10,000 shares of Company Stock, on the first day of each 
month during each Plan Year, forty percent (40%) of a Participant’s Compensation for the month shall 
be paid in shares of Restricted Stock of the Company. In determining the number of shares to be issued 
pursuant to the preceding sentence, the Fair Market Value of the Restricted Stock under the Plan shall, 
for each calendar month, be calculated based on the closing sales price of the Company's common 
stock on the Nasdaq Global Market on the first day of the month, if the first day of the month is a 
trading day, or if not, the first trading day prior to the first day of the month.

4. 

Additional Restricted Stock Election

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

Before each Plan Year's Election Date, each Member will be provided with an Election 
Form and a Beneficiary Designation Form. Subject to approval of the Board or the 
Committee, a Member may elect to receive up to 100% of his Compensation for the 
Plan Year in Restricted Stock.

An additional Restricted Stock election is valid when an Election Form is completed, 
signed by the electing Member, received by the Committee Chairman and approved 
by the Board or the Committee on or before the Election Date.

A Member may not revoke or amend an Election Form after the Election Date for the 
Plan Year. Any revocation before an Election Date is the same as a failure to submit 
an Election Form. Any writing signed by a Member expressing an intention to revoke 
his Election Form and delivered to a member of the Committee before the close of 
business on the relevant Election Date is a revocation.

5. 

Vesting

The shares of Restricted Stock of the Company issued under Section 3 and Section 4 of this 
Plan shall vest only in the case of a Participant's death, disability, retirement (including not standing 
for reelection to the Board), or in the event of a Change in Control of the Company. There shall be no 
option to take cash in lieu of stock upon vesting of shares under this Plan.

6. 

Nontransferability

No share of Restricted Stock issued hereunder may be sold, transferred, assigned, or pledged 
by the Participant until such share has vested in accordance of the terms of this Plan.  At the time 
the Restricted Stock vests, and, if the Participant has been issued legended certificates of Restricted 
Stock, upon the return of such certificates to the Company, a certificate for such vested shares shall 
be delivered to the Participant (or the Beneficiary designated by the Participant in the event of death), 
free of restrictive legend (other than any required by applicable securities laws).  Notwithstanding 
the foregoing, no vested shares may be sold, transferred, assigned or pledged by the Participant (or 

4

the Beneficiary) unless six months have elapsed between the date of grant of the shares of Restricted 
Stock which have vested and the date of the sale, transfer, assignment or pledge of such vested shares. 
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Participant may transfer Restricted Stock to a Family Trust. 

7. 

Forfeiture

The shares of Restricted Stock issued under Section 3 and Section 4 of this Plan shall 
be forfeited to the Company upon a Member's voluntary resignation during his term on the 
Board, or removal for cause as a Director.

8. 

Stock Certificates

Stock  certificates  representing  the  Restricted  Stock,  together  with  stock  powers  or 
other instruments of assignment, each endorsed in blank, which will permit transfer to the 
Company of all or any portion of the Restricted Stock evidenced by such certificate in the 
event it is forfeited, shall be deposited by the recipient with the Company.

9. 

Rights as Shareholder

Subject to the terms of this Plan, the Participant, as the owner of the Restricted Stock, 
shall have all rights of a shareholder including, but not limited to, voting rights, the right to 
receive cash or stock dividends thereon, and the right to participate in any capital adjustment 
of the Company.  Any distribution with the respect to shares of Restricted Stock other than in 
the form of cash shall be held by the Company, and shall be subject to the same restrictions as 
the shares with respect to which such distributions were made.  The Committee may require 
that  any  or  all  dividends  or  other  distributions  paid  on  shares  of  Restricted  Stock  shall  be 
automatically sequestered and may be reinvested on an immediate or deferred basis in additional 
shares of Company stock, which may be subject to the same restrictions as the Restricted Stock 
or such other restrictions as the Committee may determine.

10. 

Claims against Participant's Restricted Stock

The shares of Restricted Stock issued pursuant to this Plan are not subject in any manner 
to anticipation, alienation, sale, transfer, assignment, pledge, encumbrance, or charge, and any 
attempt to do so is void.  Moreover, the shares are not subject to attachment or legal process for 
a Participant's debts or other obligations.  Nothing contained in this Plan gives any Participant 
any interest, lien, or claim against any specific asset of the Company.

11. 

Amendment or Termination

The Board may at any time suspend or terminate the Plan or may amend it from time 
to time in such respects as the Board may deem advisable in order that the Restricted Stock 
issued hereunder may conform to any changes in the law or any other respect with which the 
Board may deem to be in the best interests of the Company.  No such suspension, termination 
or amendment of the Plan shall require approval of the shareholders unless shareholder approval 
is required by applicable law or stock exchange requirements.

5

12. 

Notices

Notices and elections under this Plan must be in writing.  A notice or election is deemed 
delivered if it is delivered personally or if it is mailed by registered or certified mail to the person 
at his last known business address.

13.  Waiver

The waiver of a breach of any provision in this Plan does not operate as and may not 

be construed as a waiver of any later breach.

14. 

Construction

This  Plan  is  created,  adopted,  and  maintained  according  to  the  laws  of  the 
Commonwealth of Virginia (except its choice-of-law rules).  It is governed by those laws in all 
respects.  Headings and captions are only for convenience; they do not have substantive meaning. 
If a provision of this Plan is not valid or not enforceable, that fact in no way affects the validity 
or enforceability of any other provision. Use of the one gender includes all, and the singular 
and plural include each other.

15. 

Adjustments For Changes in Capitalization

In  the  event  of  a  reorganization,  recapitalization,    stock  split,  stock  dividend, 
combination of shares, rights offer, liquidation, dissolution, merger, consolidation, spin off, sale 
of assets, payment of an extraordinary cash dividend, or any other change in or affecting the 
corporate structure or capitalization of the Company, the Committee shall make appropriate 
adjustments in the number, price or kind of shares of Restricted Stock authorized to be issued 
under this Plan, and in any outstanding shares of Restricted Stock issued hereunder.

16.  Withholding Taxes

Whenever the Company is required to issue or transfer shares of Restricted Stock under 
this Plan, the Company shall have the right to require the recipient of such Restricted Stock to 
remit to the Company an amount sufficient to satisfy any federal, state or local withholding tax 
liability prior to the delivery of any certificate for such shares.  Whenever under the Plan payments 
are to be made in cash, such payments shall be net of an amount sufficient to satisfy any federal, 
state or local withholding tax liability.

17. 

Indemnification

The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless each person who is or has been a 
member of the Committee, or of the Board of Directors, against and from any and all loss, 
expense, liability, or costs (including reasonable attorneys' fees) that may be imposed upon or 
reasonably  incurred  by  him  in  connection  with  or  resulting  from  any  claim,  action,  suit  or 

6

proceedings to which he may be a party or in which he may be involved by reason of any action 
taken or failure to act under the Plan, and against and from any and all amounts paid by him in 
settlement thereof with the Company's approval or paid by him in satisfaction of a final judgment 
against  him  in  such  action,  suit,  or  proceedings,  provided  he  shall  give  the  Company  an 
opportunity, at its own expense to handle and defend the same before he undertakes to handle 
defense on his own behalf. The right of indemnification herein set forth shall not be exclusive 
of any other rights of indemnification to which such person may be entitled under the Company's 
Articles of Incorporation, or code or regulations, as a matter of law, or otherwise, or any power 
that the Company may have to indemnify him or to hold him harmless. It is the Company's 
intention that all expenses incurred in connection with the administration of the Plan shall be 
borne by the Company rather than by any member of the Committee or the Board of Directors.

18. 

Effective Date of the Plan

The Plan is subject to approval by the shareholders of the Company.  The Plan will  

become effective on the date so approved.

19. 

Shares Subject to the Plan

The aggregate number of shares of Company Stock which may be issued in respect to 
Restricted Stock shall not exceed 50,000 shares.  All shares distributed pursuant to the Plan shall 
consist of authorized but unissued shares of the Company.

20. 

Power of the Committee

The Committee shall have authority to interpret conclusively the provisions of the Plan, 
to adopt such rules and regulations for carrying out the Plan as it may deem advisable, to decide 
conclusively all questions of fact arising in the application of the Plan, and to make all other 
determinations necessary or advisable for the administration of the Plan.  All decisions and acts 
of the Committee shall be final and binding upon all affected Plan Participants.

21.  Miscellaneous

Transactions under this Plan are intended to comply with Rule 16b-3 (or its successor), 
as amended from time to time, promulgated pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  
Therefore, to the extent any provision of the Plan or action by a person administering the Plan 
fails to so comply, it shall be deemed null and void ab initio to the extent permitted by law and 
deemed advisable by the Committee.

As evidence of its adoption and approval of this Plan and approval of the terms and 
conditions of each Participant transaction hereunder, the Board has caused this document to be 
executed on its behalf, and on behalf of the Company, this 25th day of July, 2016.

By /s/ John S. D'Orazio                        

John S. D’Orazio     
President and CEO, RGC Resources, Inc. 

7

RGC Resources, Inc.

Subsidiaries of Registrant

Exhibit 21

Roanoke Gas Company
Diversified Energy Company
RGC Midstream, LLC

Exhibit 23

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement No. 333-218966 on Form S-8, Registration 
Statement No. 333-187529 on Form S-8, Registration Statement No. 333-178136 on Form S-8, Registration Statement 
No.  333-122746  on  Form  S-8,  Registration  Statement  No.  333-219876  on  Form  S-3,  Registration  Statement 
No. 333-122742 on Form S-3 of RGC Resources, Inc. of our report dated December 8, 2017 appearing in this Annual 
Report on Form 10-K of RGC Resources, Inc. for the year ended September 30, 2017. 

Blacksburg, Virginia
December 8, 2017 

              CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS

 
Exhibit 31.1

I, John S. D'Orazio, certify that:

CERTIFICATION

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of RGC Resources, Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and 
for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period 
in which this report is being prepared;
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 
reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles;
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual 
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control 
over financial reporting; and

5. 

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) 

(b) 

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role 
in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: December 8, 2017

/s/ John S. D'Orazio
President and Chief Executive Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 31.2

I, Paul W. Nester, certify that:

CERTIFICATION

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of RGC Resources, Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material 
fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not 
misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and 
for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period 
in which this report is being prepared;
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 
reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles;
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report 
our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period 
covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual 
report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control 
over financial reporting; and

5. 

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control 
over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or 
persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) 

(b) 

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role 
in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: December 8, 2017

/s/ Paul W. Nester
Vice-President, Secretary,Treasurer and
CFO

 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 32.1

In connection with the Annual Report of RGC Resources, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended 
September 30, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, John S. 
D'Orazio, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify to my knowledge, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as 
adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) 

(2) 

The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934; and

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and 
result of operations of the Company.

/s/ John S. D'Orazio
John S. D'Orazio
President and Chief Executive Officer
December 8, 2017

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 32.2

In connection with the Annual Report of RGC Resources, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended 
September 30, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Paul W. Nester, 
Vice-President, Secretary, Treasurer and CFO of the Company, certify to my knowledge, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as 
adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)  The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of 

operations of the Company.

/s/ Paul W. Nester
Paul W. Nester
Vice-President, Secretary,
Treasurer and CFO
December 8, 2017

CORPORATE INFORMATION

Nancy Howell Agee

President & CEO, Carilion Clinic

Abney S. Boxley, III

President & CEO, Boxley Materials Company

John S. D’Orazio

President & CEO, RGC Resources, Inc.

Maryellen F. Goodlatte

Attorney & Principal, Glenn Feldmann, Darby & Goodlatte

J. Allen Layman

Private Investor

George W. Logan

Principal, Pine Street Partners, LLC

S. Frank Smith

Consultant, Alpha Coal Sales Company, LLC

Raymond D. Smoot, Jr. 

Chairman, Union Bankshares Corporation

John B. Williamson, III

Chairman of the Board

DIVIDEND REINVESTMENT AND  STOCK         
PURCHASE PLAN INQUIRIES

Through the Company’s Dividend Reinvestment
and Stock Purchase Plan, shareholders of record
are offered a convenient way to acquire and
reinvest cash dividends in additional shares of the
Company’s common stock and avoid commissions
or other charges. Additionally, shareholders are
given on‐line access to make transfers, consolidate
accounts, replace stock certificates and dividend
payments, set‐up direct deposit, update personal
information and much more. Broadridge Corporate
Issuer Solutions administers the plan and is the
for participants. For more information,
agent
inquiries may be directed to RGC Resources, Inc.,
Shareholder Information Services, P.O. Box 13007,
Roanoke, VA 24030, (540) 777‐3853.

ANNUAL REPORT AND 10‐K

This annual report, 10‐K and the financial
statements contained herein are submitted
to the shareholders of the Company for their
general information and not in connection
with any sale or offer to sell, or solicitation
of any offer to buy, any securities.

ANNUAL MEETING

The annual meeting of shareholders of the
Company will be held at The Hotel Roanoke
and Conference Center, 110 Shenandoah
on
Avenue, Roanoke, Virginia,
Monday, February 5, 2018, at 9:00 a.m.
Proxies for
the annual meeting will be
requested from shareholders when notice of
meeting, proxy statement and form of proxy
are mailed on or about December 15, 2017.

24016

519 Kimball Avenue, NE
P.O. Box 13007
Roanoke, Virginia 24030‐3007

www.rgcresources.com

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Trading on NASDAQ as RGCO