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RGC Resources, Inc.

rgco · NASDAQ Utilities
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Industry Regulated Gas
Employees 104
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FY2020 Annual Report · RGC Resources, Inc.
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Annual Report 2020

PRESIDENT’S LETTER TO SHAREHOLDERS

We are pleased to report our 2020 results, which include our sixth consecutive year of
record earnings and our seventy-sixth consecutive year of paying shareholder dividends.
However, I am most proud of our employees’ focus and commitment throughout 2020 to
customer service and safety, despite the COVID-19 pandemic challenges put before them. Their
willingness and ability to adapt, adjust and overcome those challenges was critical to our
success.

There were several noteworthy operational achievements in 2020.

Roanoke Gas
established a new annual, single customer delivery record at just over 1.2 million DTHs. We
completed the largest main extension project in the Company’s history, bringing natural gas to a
previously unserved area of the Roanoke Valley, and met our main renewal and customer growth
targets.

Roanoke Gas received a favorable rate award in January, completing the rate case
proceeding begun in October 2018. The rate award enables the Company to continue its efforts
to renew and modernize the gas distribution system and continue safe and reliable service.
It is
worth noting that the State Corporation Commission’s final order affirmed Roanoke Gas’ need
for connection to the Mountain Valley Pipeline (MVP) and its plans to acquire firm capacity from
the MVP.

The MVP project was idle for much of 2020.

Recent regulatory actions allowed
construction to resume, with certain limitations, in October 2020. The necessity of the MVP and
the natural gas that it can provide is more evident than ever. With the continued growth of the
Roanoke Valley, particularly in the medical community, and correspondingly our customer base,
natural gas demand continues to increase. Roanoke Gas added over 550 new customers for the
fourth consecutive year, a 2% growth rate. We will continue to advocate in 2021 the Roanoke
Valley’s need and the important benefits of the clean, reliable and affordable energy provided by
natural gas.

As we embark on 2021, we will focus on our new mission statement: “We create value
for shareholders, employees and the communities we serve through superior customer service,
prudent investments and promoting economic development.” Thank you for the confidence
displayed in us and our Company through your ownership.

Sincerely,

Paul W. Nester
President and CEO

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-K

(Mark One)

☒ 

☐

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES 
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2020 

OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES 
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number 000-26591
RGC Resources, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Virginia
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)

54-1909697
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

519 Kimball Ave., N.E., Roanoke, VA
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

24016
(Zip Code)

(540) 777-4427

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class
Common Stock, $5 Par Value

Trading Symbol
RGCO
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
NASDAQ Global Market

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. 

Yes  ¨  No  x

Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes  ¨  No  x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during 
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for 
the past 90 days. 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of 
Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). 
Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an 
emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in 
Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

  ☐
  ☒

   Accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

  ☐
  ☒
☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or 
revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). 

Yes  ☐   No  x

The aggregate market value of the common equity held by non-affiliates of RGC Resources, Inc. as of March 31, 2020, the last business day of the its most 
recently completed second fiscal quarter, based on the last sale price on that date, as reported by NASDAQ, was approximately $219,692,926.

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the last practicable date.

Class

Common Stock, $5 Par Value

Outstanding at November 25, 2020

8,170,701

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:

Portions of the RGC Resources, Inc. Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III hereof.

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Glossary

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements

PART I

PART II

Item 1.

Business

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Item 2.

Properties

Item 3.

Legal Proceedings

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and 

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Item 6.

Selected Financial Data

Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results 

of Operations

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Item 9.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and 
Financial Disclosures

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Item 9B. Other Information

PART III

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Item 11. Executive Compensation

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and 

Related Stockholder Matters

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director 

Independence

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

Signatures

Page Number

2

4

5

8

13

13

14

14

15

15

16

31

31

70

70

71

72

72

72

72

72

73

79

80

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

AFUDC

Allowance for Funds Used During Construction

AOCI/AOCL

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

ARO

ARP

ASC

ASU

Asset Retirement Obligation

Alternative Revenue Program, regulatory or rate recovery mechanisms approved by the SCC 
that allow for the adjustment of revenues for certain broad, external factors, or for additional 
billings if the entity achieves certain performance targets

Accounting Standards Codification

Accounting Standards Update as issued by the FASB

Company

RGC Resources, Inc. or Roanoke Gas Company

COVID-19 or 
Coronavirus

A pandemic disease that causes respiratory illness similar to the flu with symptoms such as 
coughing, fever, and in more severe cases, difficulty in breathing

CPCN

Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity

Diversified Energy

Diversified Energy Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Resources

DRIP

DTH

EPS

ERISA

ESAC

FASB

FDIC

FERC

Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan of RGC Resources, Inc.

Decatherm (a measure of energy used primarily to measure natural gas)

Earnings Per Share

Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974

Eligible Safety Activity Costs, a Virginia natural gas utility’s operation and maintenance 
expenditures that are related to the development, implementation, or execution of the utility’s 
integrity management plan or programs and measures implemented to comply with regulations 
issued by the SCC or a federal regulatory body with jurisdiction over pipeline safety

Financial Accounting Standards Board

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

Fourth Circuit

U.S. Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals

GAAP

HDD

ICC

IRS

KEYSOP

LDI

Accounting Principles Generally Accepted in the United States

Heating degree day, a measurement designed to quantify the demand for energy.  It is the 
number of degrees that a day’s average temperature falls below 65 degrees Fahrenheit

Inventory carrying cost revenue, an SCC approved rate structure that mitigates the impact of 
financing costs on natural gas inventory

Internal Revenue Service

RGC Resources, Inc. Key Employee Stock Option Plan

Liability Driven Investment approach, a strategy which reduces the volatility in the pension 
plan's funded status and expense by matching the duration of the fixed income investments with 
the duration of the corresponding pension liabilities

LIBOR

London Inter-Bank Offered Rate

2

LLC

LNG

MGP

Midstream

MVP

Mountain Valley Pipeline, L.L.C., a joint venture established to design, construct and operate 
the Mountain Valley Pipeline and MVP Southgate

Liquefied natural gas, the cryogenic liquid form of natural gas. Roanoke Gas operates and 
maintains a plant capable of producing and storing up to 200,000 dth of liquefied natural gas

Manufactured gas plant

RGC Midstream, L.L.C., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Resources created to invest in pipeline 
projects including MVP and Southgate

Mountain Valley Pipeline, a FERC-regulated natural gas pipeline project intended to connect 
the Equitran's gathering and transmission system in northern West Virginia to the Transco 
interstate pipeline in south central Virginia with a planned interconnect to Roanoke Gas’ natural 
gas distribution system

Normal Weather

The average number of heating degree days over the most recent 30-year period

PBGC

Pension Plan

PGA

Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation

Defined benefit plan that provides pension benefits to employees hired prior to January 1, 2017 
who meet certain years of service criteria

Purchased Gas Adjustment, a regulatory mechanism, which adjusts natural gas customer rates 
to reflect changes in the forecasted cost of gas and actual gas costs

Postretirement Plan

Defined benefit plan that provides postretirement medical and life insurance benefits to eligible 
employees hired prior to January 1, 2000 who meet years of service and other criteria

Resources

RGCO

RGC Resources, Inc., parent company of Roanoke Gas, Midstream and Diversified Energy

Trading symbol for RGC Resources, Inc. on the NASDAQ Global Stock Market

Roanoke Gas

Roanoke Gas Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Resources

RSPD

RSPO

SAVE

SAVE Plan

SAVE Rider

SCC

SEC

Southgate

RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors

RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan for Officers

Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy, a regulatory mechanism per Chapter 26 of Title 56 of the 
Code of Virginia that allows natural gas utilities to recover the investment, including related 
depreciation and expenses and provide return on rate base, in eligible infrastructure replacement 
projects on a prospective basis without the filing of a formal base rate application

Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy Plan, the Company's proposed and approved operational 
replacement plan and related spending under the SAVE regulatory mechanism

Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy Plan Rider, the rate component of the SAVE Plan as 
approved by the SCC that is billed monthly to the Company’s customers to recover the costs 
associated with eligible infrastructure projects including the related depreciation and expenses 
and return on rate base of the investment

Virginia State Corporation Commission, the regulatory body with oversight responsibilities of 
the utility operations of Roanoke Gas

U.S.  Securities and Exchange Commission

Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC’s Southgate project, which extends from the MVP in south 
central Virginia to central North Carolina, of which Midstream holds less than a 1% investment

S&P 500 Index

Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index

TCJA

WNA

Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017

Weather Normalization Adjustment, an ARP mechanism which adjusts revenues for the effects 
of weather temperature variations as compared to the 30-year average

Some of the terms above may not be included in this filing

3

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements that relate to future transactions, events or expectations. In addition, Resources 
may announce or publish forward-looking statements relating to such matters as anticipated financial performance, business 
prospects, technological developments, new products, research and development activities and similar matters. These 
statements are based on management’s current expectations and information available at the time of such statements and are 
believed to be reasonable and are made in good faith. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe 
harbor for forward-looking statements. In order to comply with the terms of the safe harbor, the Company notes that a variety of 
factors could cause the Company’s actual results and experience to differ materially from the anticipated results or expectations 
expressed in the Company’s forward-looking statements. The risks and uncertainties that may affect the operations, 
performance, development and results of the Company’s business include, but are not limited to those set forth in the following 
discussion and within Item 1A “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. All of these factors are difficult to predict 
and many are beyond the Company’s control. Accordingly, while the Company believes its forward-looking statements to be 
reasonable, there can be no assurance that they will approximate actual experience or that the expectations derived from them 
will be realized. When used in the Company’s documents or news releases, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “plan,” 
“estimate,” “expect,” “objective,” “projection,” “forecast,” “budget,” “assume,” “indicate” or similar words or future or 
conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “can,” “could” or “may” are intended to identify forward-looking 
statements.

Forward-looking statements reflect the Company’s current expectations only as of the date they are made. The Company 
assumes no duty to update these statements should expectations change or actual results differ from current expectations except 
as required by applicable laws and regulations.

4

Item 1.

Business.

General and Historical Development

PART I

Resources was incorporated in the state of Virginia on July 31, 1998, for the primary purpose of becoming the holding 
company for Roanoke Gas and its subsidiaries. Effective July 1, 1999, Roanoke Gas and its subsidiaries were 
reorganized into the holding company structure. Resources is currently composed of the following subsidiaries: 
Roanoke Gas, Diversified Energy and Midstream.

Roanoke Gas, originally established in 1883, was organized as a public service corporation under the laws of the 
Commonwealth of Virginia in 1912. The principal service of Roanoke Gas is the distribution and sale of natural gas to 
residential, commercial and industrial customers within its service territory in Roanoke, Virginia and the surrounding 
localities. Roanoke Gas also provides certain non-regulated services which account for less than 2% of consolidated 
revenues.

In July 2015, the Company formed Midstream for the purpose of becoming a 1% investor in Mountain Valley Pipeline, 
LLC.  The LLC was created to construct and operate interstate natural gas pipelines.  Additional information regarding 
this investment is provided under Note 5 of the Company's annual consolidated financial statements and under the 
Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline section of Item 7. 

Diversified Energy currently has no active operations.

Services

Roanoke Gas maintains an integrated natural gas distribution system to deliver natural gas purchased from suppliers to 
residential, commercial and industrial users in its service territory. The schedule below is a summary of customers, 
delivered volumes (expressed in DTH), revenues and margin as a percentage of the total for each category.  For the 
purposes of this schedule, margin for the utility operations is defined as revenues less cost of gas. 

Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Other Utility
Other Non-Utility
Total Percent
Total Value

Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Other Utility
Other Non-Utility
Total Percent
Total Value

Customers

Volume

Revenue

Margin

2020

 91.3 %
 8.6 %
 0.1 %
 0.0 %
 0.0 %
 100.0 %

 35 %
 27 %
 38 %
 0 %
 0 %
 100 %

 60 %
 30 %
 8 %
 1 %
 1 %
 100 %

 63 %
 23 %
 12 %
 1 %
 1 %
 100 %

61,964 

10,357,174 

$ 

63,075,391 

$ 

38,783,925 

Customers

Volume

Revenue

Margin

2019

 91.2 %
 8.7 %
 0.1 %
 0.0 %
 0.0 %
 100.0 %

 39 %
 31 %
 30 %
 0 %
 0 %
 100 %

 58 %
 33 %
 7 %
 1 %
 1 %
 100 %

 60 %
 26 %
 11 %
 2 %
 1 %
 100 %

60,741 

9,876,493 

$ 

68,026,525 

$ 

35,205,551 

Roanoke Gas’ regulated natural gas distribution business accounted for approximately 98% of Resources total revenues 
for fiscal years ending September 30, 2020 and 2019. The tables above indicate that residential customers represent 
over 91% of the Company’s customer total; however, they represent less than 40% of the total gas volumes delivered 
and more than half of the Company’s consolidated revenues and margin. Industrial customers include primarily 
transportation customers that purchase their natural gas requirements directly from a supplier other than the Company 

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
and utilize Roanoke Gas’ natural gas distribution system for delivery to their operations. Most of the revenue billed for 
these customers relates only to transportation service, and not to the purchase of natural gas, causing total revenues 
generated by these deliveries to be approximately 8% of total revenues, although they represent 38% of total natural gas 
deliveries for the year ended September 30, 2020 and approximately 11% to 12% of margin for each of the years 
presented.

The Company’s revenues are affected by changes in gas costs as well as by changes in consumption volume due to 
weather and economic conditions and changes in the non-gas portion of customer billing rates. Increases or decreases in 
the cost of natural gas are passed on to customers through the PGA mechanism as explained in Note 1 of the 
Company’s annual consolidated financial statements.

The Company’s residential and commercial sales are seasonal and temperature-sensitive as the majority of the gas sold 
by Roanoke Gas to these customers is used for heating. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2020, approximately 
59% of the Company’s total DTH of natural gas deliveries and 72% of the residential and commercial deliveries were 
made in the five-month period of November through March. Total natural gas deliveries were approximately 10.4 
million DTH in fiscal 2020 and 9.9 million DTH in fiscal 2019.

Roanoke Gas relies on multiple interstate pipelines including those operated by Columbia Gas Transmission 
Corporation, LLC and Columbia Gulf Transmission Corporation, LLC (together “Columbia”), and East Tennessee 
Natural Gas, LLC (“East Tennessee”), Tennessee Gas Pipeline, Midwestern Gas Transmission Company and Saltville 
Gas Storage Company, LLC ("Saltville") to transport natural gas from the production and storage fields to Roanoke 
Gas’ distribution system. Roanoke Gas is directly served by two pipelines, Columbia and East Tennessee. Columbia 
historically has delivered more than 60% of the Company’s gas supply, while East Tennessee delivers the balance of the 
Company’s requirements. The rates paid for natural gas transportation and storage services purchased from the 
interstate pipeline companies are established by tariffs approved by FERC. The current pipeline contracts expire at 
various times from 2022 to 2027. The Company anticipates being able to renew these contracts or enter into other 
contracts to meet customers’ continued demand for natural gas.

The Company manages its pipeline contracts and LNG facility in order to provide for sufficient capacity to meet the 
natural gas demands of its customers. The maximum daily winter capacity available for delivery into Roanoke Gas’ 
distribution system under the interstate pipelines is 78,606 DTH per day. The LNG facility is capable of storing up to 
200,000 DTH of natural gas in a liquid state for use during peak demand.  Combined, the pipelines and LNG facility 
may provide up to 103,606 DTH on a single winter day. 

The Company uses multi-year contracts to meet its natural gas supply needs. The Company currently contracts with 
Sequent Energy Management, L.P.  to manage its pipeline transportation, storage rights, gas supply inventories and 
deliveries and serve as the primary supplier of natural gas for Roanoke Gas. Natural gas purchased under the asset 
management agreement is priced at indexed-based market prices as reported in major industry pricing publications. The 
current contract was extended to March 31, 2022.

The Company uses summer storage programs to supplement gas supply requirements during the winter months. During 
the summer months, the Company injects gas into its LNG facility. In addition, the Company has contracted for storage 
capacity from Columbia, Tennessee Gas Pipeline and Saltville for a combined total of more than 2.4 million DTH of 
storage capacity.  The balance of the Company’s annual natural gas requirements are met primarily through market 
purchases made by its asset manager.

Competition

The Company’s natural gas utility operates in a regulated, monopolistic environment. Roanoke Gas currently holds the 
only franchises and/or CPCNs to distribute natural gas in its Virginia service areas. These franchises generally extend 
for multi-year periods and are renewable by the municipalities, including exclusive franchises in the cities of Roanoke 
and Salem and the Town of Vinton, Virginia.  All three franchise agreements were renewed for a 20-year term, set to 
expire December 31, 2035.  In 2019, the SCC issued a final order granting a CPCN to furnish gas to all of Franklin 
County.  Unlike the CPCNs for the other counties served by Roanoke Gas, the Franklin County CPCN will be 
terminated within five years of the date of the order if Roanoke Gas does not furnish gas service to the designated 
service area.  Roanoke Gas plans to serve the Franklin County area with natural gas delivered through the MVP once it 
is placed into service.

6

Management anticipates that the Company will be able to renew all of its franchises prior to their current expiration 
date; however, there can be no assurance that a given jurisdiction will not refuse to renew a franchise or will not, in 
connection with the renewal of a franchise, attempt to impose restrictions or conditions that could adversely affect the 
Company’s business operations or financial condition. CPCNs, issued by the SCC, are generally of perpetual duration 
and subject to compliance with regulatory standards.

Although Roanoke Gas has exclusive rights for the distribution of natural gas in its service area, the Company competes 
with suppliers of other forms of energy such as fuel oil, electricity, propane, coal, wind and solar. Competition can be 
intense among the other energy sources with price being the primary driver in most instances. This is particularly true 
for those industrial applications that have the ability to switch to alternative fuels. The relationship between supply and 
demand has the greatest impact on the price of natural gas. Greater demand for natural gas for electric generation and 
other uses can provide upward pressure on the price of natural gas. Currently, a plentiful supply of natural gas, mostly 
due to improved drilling and extraction processes in shale formations, has served to maintain prices at lower levels. 

Competition from renewable "clean" energy sources like solar and wind may increase as the political environment may 
favor these energy sources through incentives or by placing restrictions on emissions from the burning of fossil fuels.  
Nevertheless, the Company continues to see a demand for its product.  Construction activity for new business and 
growth in residential service has remained steady as the Company continues to grow its customer base through a 
combination of extending service by new construction and converting existing alternative energy source users to natural 
gas.   

Regulation

In addition to the regulatory requirements generally applicable to all companies, Roanoke Gas is also subject to 
additional regulation at the federal, state and local levels. At the federal level, the Company is subject to pipeline safety 
regulations issued by the Department of Transportation and the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety 
Administration.

At the state level, the SCC performs regulatory oversight including the approval of rates and other charges for natural 
gas sold to customers, the approval of agreements between or among affiliated companies involving the provision of 
goods and services, pipeline safety, and certain other corporate activities of the Company, including mergers and 
acquisitions related to utility operations.

At the local level, Roanoke Gas is further regulated by the municipalities and localities that grant franchises for the 
placement of gas distribution pipelines and the operation of gas distribution networks within their jurisdictions.

Human Capital Resources

At September 30, 2020, Resources had 101 full-time employees, of which 18 employees, or 18%, belonged to the 
United Steel, Paper and Forestry, Rubber, Manufacturing, Energy, Allied-Industrial International Union, Local No. 515 
and were represented under a collective bargaining agreement. The union has been in place at the Company since 1952. 
The union and the Company agreed to a new collective bargaining agreement effective August 1, 2020 and expiring on 
July 31, 2022.  Management maintains an amicable relationship with the union.

The Company’s business strategy and ability to serve customers relies on employing talented professionals and 
attracting, training, developing and retaining a skilled workforce.  This is particularly relevant as the Company is facing 
retirements of key personnel over the next several years.  

With respect to the current COVID-19 pandemic, the Company has updated and implemented its pandemic plan to 
ensure the continuation of safe and reliable service to customers and to maintain the safety of the Company's 
employees, as well as to incorporate any new governmental guidance and rules and regulations regarding workplace 
safety. Since the beginning of the pandemic, the Company has been deemed an essential entity by virtue of the utility 
services provided through Roanoke Gas.

7

Website Access to Reports

The Company’s website address is www.rgcresources.com. Information appearing on this website is not incorporated 
by reference in and is not a part of this annual report.  The Company files reports with the SEC.  A copy of this annual 
report, as well as other recent annual and quarterly reports are available on the Company's website.  You may read and 
copy these filings with the SEC at the SEC public reference room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549.  Due to 
COVID-19, the SEC public reference room is closed until further notice.  Questions about information available from 
the public reference room should be directed to SEC staff at library@sec.gov or by calling 1-202-551-5450.  The SEC 
maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding the 
Company’s filings at www.sec.gov.  

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

Please carefully consider the risks described below regarding the Company. These risks are not the only ones faced by 
the Company. Additional risks not presently known to the Company or that the Company currently believes are 
immaterial may also impair business operations and financial results. If any of the following risks actually occur, the 
Company’s business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected. In such case, the trading 
price of the Company’s common stock could decline and investors could lose all or part of their investment.  The risk 
factors below are categorized by operational, regulatory, financial and general:

OPERATIONAL RISKS

Availability of sufficient and reliable pipeline capacity.

The Company is currently served directly by two interstate pipelines.  These two pipelines carry 100% of the natural 
gas transported to the Company’s distribution system.  Depending on weather conditions and the level of customer 
demand, failure of one or both of these interstate transmission pipelines could have a major impact on the Company’s 
ability to meet customer demand for natural gas and adversely affect the Company’s earnings as a result of lost 
revenue and the cost of service restoration. Frequent or prolonged failure could lead customers to switch to alternative 
energy sources. Capacity limitations on existing pipeline and storage infrastructure could impact the Company’s ability 
to obtain additional natural gas supplies, thereby limiting its ability to meet customer demand and thereby limiting 
future earnings potential.

Risks associated with the operation of a natural gas distribution pipeline and LNG storage facility.

Numerous potential risks are inherent in the operation of a natural gas distribution system and LNG storage facility, 
including unanticipated or unforeseen events that are beyond the control of the Company.  Examples of such events 
include adverse weather conditions, acts of terrorism or sabotage, accidents and damage caused by third parties, 
equipment failure, failure of upstream pipelines and storage facilities, as well as catastrophic events such as 
explosions, fires, earthquakes, floods, or other similar events.  These risks could result in injury or loss of life, property 
damage, pollution and customer service disruption resulting in potentially significant financial losses.  The Company 
maintains insurance coverage to protect against many of these risks. However, if losses result from an event that is not 
fully covered by insurance, the Company’s financial condition could be significantly impacted if it were unable to 
recover such losses from customers through the regulatory rate making process.  Even if the Company did not incur a 
direct financial loss as a result of any of the events noted above, it could encounter significant reputational damage 
from a reliability, safety, integrity or similar viewpoint, potentially resulting in a longer-term negative earnings impact 
or decline in share price.

Supply disruptions due to weather or other forces.

Hurricanes, floods, fires and other natural or man-made disasters could damage or inhibit production and/or pipeline 
transportation facilities, which could result in decreased natural gas supplies.  Decreased supplies could result in an 
inability to meet customer demand, service new franchise areas or lead to higher prices and/or service disruptions.   
Disasters could increase costs to repair damaged facilities and result in delays to restore service to interrupted 
customers as well as lead to additional governmental regulations that may limit production activity and/or increase 
production and transportation costs.

8

 
 
 
 
 
Security incident or cyber-attacks on the Company’s computer or information technology systems.

The Company’s business operations and information technology systems may be vulnerable to an attack by individuals 
or organizations intending to disrupt the operations of the Company.  Such an attack or cyber-security incident on the 
Company’s information technology systems could result in corruption of the Company’s financial information; the 
unauthorized release of confidential customer, employee or vendor information; the interruption of natural gas 
deliveries to our customers; or compromise the safety of our distribution, transmission and storage systems.  The 
Company has implemented policies, procedures and controls to prevent and detect these activities; however, there are 
no guarantees that Company processes will adequately protect against unauthorized access.   In the event of a 
successful attack, the Company could be exposed to material financial and reputational risks, possible disruptions in 
natural gas deliveries or a compromise of the safety of the natural gas distribution system, as well as be exposed to 
claims by persons harmed by such an attack, all of which could materially increase the Company's costs to protect 
against such risks. Resources maintains cyber-insurance coverage, which does not protect the Company from cyber 
incidents but does provide some level of protection to mitigate the financial impacts resulting from such attacks.

Volatility in the price and availability of natural gas.

Natural gas purchases represent the single largest expense of the Company.  Even with increasing demand from other 
areas, including electricity generation, natural gas prices are currently expected to remain stable in the near term, 
although there can be no guarantee to that effect.  If demand for natural gas increases at a rate in excess of current 
expectations, natural gas prices could face upward pressure.  Increasing natural gas prices could result in declining 
sales as well as increases in bad debt expense and increased competition from other energy providers.

Inability to attract and retain professional and technical employees.

The ability to implement the Company’s business strategy and serve customers is dependent upon employing talented 
professionals and attracting, training, developing and retaining a skilled workforce.  As the Company is facing 
retirements of key personnel over the next several years, the failure to transition the skills and knowledge of the
departing employees to qualified existing or new employees could increase operating costs and expose the Company to 
other operational, reputational and financial risks.

Geographic concentration of business activities. 

The Company's business activities are concentrated in the Roanoke Valley and surrounding areas.  Changes in the 
local economy, politics, regulations and weather patterns or other factors limiting demand for natural gas could 
negatively impact the Company's existing customer base, leading to declining usage patterns and financial condition of 
customers.  Furthermore, these changes could also limit the Company's ability to serve its customers or add new 
customers within its service territory.  Any of these factors could adversely affect earnings.

Inability to complete necessary or desirable pipeline expansion or infrastructure improvement projects.

In order to serve new customers or expand service to existing customers, the Company needs to install new pipeline 
and maintain, expand or upgrade its existing distribution, transmission and/or storage infrastructure. Various factors 
may prevent or delay the completion of such projects or make them more costly, such as the inability to obtain 
required approval from local, state and/or federal regulatory and governmental bodies, public opposition to the 
projects, inability to obtain adequate financing, competition for labor and materials, construction delays, cost overruns, 
and an inability to negotiate acceptable agreements relating to rights-of-way, construction or other material 
development components. As a result, the Company may not be able to adequately serve existing customers or expand 
its distribution system to support customer growth.  This could include any potential customer growth or system 
reliability enhancement resulting from connection to the MVP.  Any of these factors could negatively impact earnings. 

Impact of weather conditions and related regulatory mechanisms.

The Company’s revenues and earnings are dependent upon weather conditions.  The Company’s rate structure 
currently has a WNA factor that results in either a recovery or refund of revenues due to any variation from the 30-year 
average for heating degree-days.  If the provision for the WNA were removed from its rate structure, the Company 
would be exposed to a much greater risk related to weather variability resulting in earnings volatility. A colder than 
normal winter could cause the Company to incur higher than normal operating and maintenance costs without the 
additional revenues to offset the increased costs, as well as higher bad debt expenses, particularly in the context of the 

9

current pandemic-related restrictions.

Competition from other energy providers.

The Company competes with other energy providers in its service territory, including those that provide electricity, 
propane, coal, fuel oil, wind and solar.  Price is a significant competitive factor.  Higher natural gas costs or decreases 
in the price of other energy sources may enhance competition and encourage customers to switch to alternative energy 
sources, thus lowering natural gas deliveries and earnings.  Price considerations could also inhibit customer and 
revenue growth if builders and developers do not perceive natural gas to be a better value than other energy options 
and elect to install heating systems that use an energy source other than natural gas. 

Inability to renew or obtain new franchise agreements or certificates of public convenience.

Roanoke Gas Company holds either franchises or CPCNs to provide natural gas to customers in its service territory.  
The franchises are granted by the local municipalities and the CPCNs are granted by the SCC.  The ability to renew 
such agreements is important to the long-term operations of the Company and the ability to obtain new franchises or 
CPCNs is fundamental to expanding the Company’s service territory.  Failure to renew these agreements could result 
in significant impact to future earnings and the inability to obtain new franchises or CPCNs for new service areas 
could negatively impact future earnings growth.

REGULATORY RISKS

Environmental laws or regulations associated with global warming and climate change.

Several federal and state legislative and regulatory initiatives have been proposed in recent years in an attempt to limit 
the effects of global warming and climate change, including greenhouse gas emissions such as those created by the 
combustion of fossil fuels such as natural gas.  Passage of new environmental legislation or implementation of 
regulations that mandate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions or other similar restrictions could have a negative 
effect on the Company’s core operations and its investment in the LLC.  Such legislation could impose limitations on 
greenhouse gas emissions, require funding of new energy efficiency objectives, impose new operational requirements 
or lead to other additional costs to the Company.  Regulations restricting or prohibiting the use of coal as a fuel for 
electric power generation has increased the demand for natural gas, and could at some point potentially result in 
natural gas supply concerns and higher costs for natural gas.  Legislation or regulations could limit the exploration and 
development of natural gas reserves, making the price of natural gas less competitive and less attractive as a fuel 
source for consumers.  Future legislation could also place limitations on the amount of natural gas used by businesses 
and homeowners to reduce the level of emissions, resulting in reduced deliveries and earnings. 

Increased compliance and pipeline safety requirements and fines.

The Company is committed to the safe and reliable delivery of natural gas to its customers.  Working in concert with 
this commitment are numerous federal and state laws and regulations. Failure to comply with these laws and 
regulations could result in the levy of significant fines.  There are inherent risks that may be beyond the Company’s 
control, including third party actions, which could result in damage to pipeline facilities, injury and even death.   Such 
incidents could subject the Company to lawsuits, large fines, increased scrutiny and loss of customers, all of which 
could have a significant effect on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

Regulatory actions or failure to obtain timely rate relief.

The Company’s natural gas distribution operations are regulated by the SCC.  The SCC approves the rates that the 
Company charges its customers.  If the SCC did not authorize rates that provided for the timely recovery of costs or a 
reasonable rate of return on investment in natural gas distribution facilities, earnings could be negatively impacted.  
Issuance of debt and equity by Roanoke Gas is also subject to SCC regulation and approval.  Delays or lack of 
approvals could inhibit the ability to access capital markets and negatively impact liquidity or earnings.

Compliance with and changes in tax laws. 

The Company is subject to extensive tax laws and regulations. New tax laws and regulations and changes in existing 
tax laws and regulations are continuously being enacted that could result in increased tax expenditures in the future. 

10

Many of these tax liabilities are subject to audits by the respective taxing authority. These audits may result in 
additional taxes as well as interest and penalties.

FINANCIAL RISKS

Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC.

The success of the Company's investment in the LLC is predicated on several key factors including but not limited to 
the ability of all investors to meet their capital calls when due, timely state and federal approvals and completing the 
construction of the pipeline.  Any significant delay, cost over-run or the failure to receive the requisite approvals on a 
timely basis, or at all, could have a significant effect on the Company's earnings and financial position.

Although the LLC initially received the necessary federal and state permits to construct the pipeline, progress on the 
MVP has been hindered by several legal and regulatory obstacles as the Fourth Circuit, FERC and other governmental 
agencies have issued stays, stop orders or delayed authorizations affecting portions or all of the project pending 
resolution of issues or concerns raised as the project has progressed.  The LLC is currently waiting on resolution of the 
Fourth Circuit's stay of the Nationwide Permit 12 imposed in October 2020 preventing the pipeline from crossing 
streams and wetlands.  FERC has not yet granted a revised authorization to complete construction work in a 25 mile 
section of the pipeline route.  The LLC also needs authorizations from the Bureau of Land Management and the United 
States Forest Service and resolution of challenges to the Biological Opinion and Incidental Take Statement issued by 
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 

Several of the prior issues have been resolved; however, the ongoing obstacles as discussed above continue to cause 
delays in construction and have resulted in significantly higher projected costs and an extended targeted in-service date 
for the pipeline.  These cost overruns may not be approved for recovery or be recovered through other regulatory 
mechanisms, and the LLC could be obligated to make delay or termination payments or be responsible for other 
contractual damages.  The LLC could also experience the loss of tax incentives, or delayed or diminished returns, and 
could be required to write-off all or a portion of its investment in the project. New or extended regulatory, legislative 
or judicial actions or challenges could lead to additional delays and even higher costs, which could affect future returns 
for the LLC and materially impact Resources consolidated financial position and results of operation. 

In addition, there are numerous risks facing the LLC, which can adversely affect the Company's earnings and financial 
performance through its investment.   The LLC's ability to retain contract crews to complete construction of the 
pipeline, the inability to obtain or renew ancillary licenses, rights-of-way, permits or other approvals and opposition 
from pipeline opponents and environmental groups could all influence the successful completion of the pipeline. 
Should the LLC be unable to adequately address these issues, the LLC’s business, financial condition, results of 
operations and prospects could be adversely affected, which could materially impact the financial condition and results 
of operations of the Company. Any failure to negotiate successful project development agreements for new facilities 
with third parties could have similar results.  

Once in operation, the LLC’s gas infrastructure facilities are subject to many operational risks. Operational risks could 
result in, among other things, lost revenues due to prolonged outages, increased expenses due to monetary penalties or 
fines for compliance failures, liability to third parties for property and personal injury damage, a failure to perform 
under applicable sales agreements and associated loss of revenues from terminated agreements or liability for 
liquidated damages under continuing agreements. The consequences of these risks could have a material adverse effect 
on the LLC’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.   Uncertainties and risks inherent in 
operating and maintaining the LLC's facilities include, but are not limited to, risks associated with facility start-up 
operations, such as whether the facility will achieve projected operating performance on schedule and otherwise as 
planned.  The LLC’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects can be materially adversely 
affected by weather conditions, including, but not limited to, the impact of severe weather.   Threats of terrorism and 
catastrophic events resulting from terrorism, cyber-attacks, or individuals and/or groups attempting to disrupt the 
LLC’s business, or the businesses of third parties, may materially adversely affect the LLC’s business, financial 
condition, results of operations and prospects. 

11

Pandemic Outbreak.

A pandemic event such as COVID-19 or other similar diseases could cause a significant economic restriction or  
recession negatively impacting the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Depending on 
the duration of these impacts, the liquidity of the Company could be strained, reducing the Company’s ability to 
complete infrastructure investments and its ability to safely and reliably serve its customers.

Impact from commercial customers: In an effort to reduce the spread of disease, businesses, either on their own or by 
government mandates, may close or reduce operations to limit contact with the contagion.  A reduction in business 
activity could result in lower natural gas consumption for both production activities as well as space heating, thereby 
reducing revenues and gross profit.  The closing or reduction in operations by businesses, whether temporary or 
prolonged, could result in a permanent loss of some commercial customers. 

Impact from residential customers: The closing of businesses may result in job layoffs or other reductions in employee 
numbers and/or working hours, thus reducing or eliminating customers’ ability to pay their utility bills and resulting in 
increased bad debt expense.

Impact on suppliers: A pandemic event could reduce the ability of the Company’s suppliers to supply a sufficient level 
of natural gas limiting our ability to meet customer demands. 

Impact to the Company's employees: Orders by government bodies could result in employees of the Company being 
required to limit contact with customers or work remotely, thus not allowing them to complete tasks normally 
requiring a physical presence.  Also, if a significant number of employees were to contract the virus or be quarantined, 
the Company may not be able to complete key or critical tasks, not limited to, but including key financial, reporting, 
and operational controls.

Impact from SCC actions: The SCC could issue orders in response to a pandemic event that result in increased 
regulatory oversight, operational mandates or restrictions on normal business activities. Any such action could result in 
increased operating costs or other financial or operational burdens that may negatively impact the Company's results of 
operations or financial position.

Impact on financing capabilities: A prolonged economic shutdown due to a pandemic could stress the banking system, 
thereby limiting the Company’s ability to obtain financing on commercially reasonable terms, which could lead to 
higher interest costs. Furthermore, a distressed equity market could limit the ability to raise capital through the 
issuance of Resources’ equity instruments due to depressed prices and low trading volumes.

Access to capital to maintain liquidity.

The Company relies on a variety of capital sources to operate its business and fund capital expenditures, including 
internally generated cash from operations, short-term borrowings under its line-of-credit, proceeds from the issuance 
of additional shares of its common stock and other sources.  Access to a line-of-credit is essential to provide seasonal 
funding of natural gas operations and provide capital budget bridge financing.  Access to capital markets and other 
long-term funding sources is important for capital outlays and funding of the LLC investment.  The ability of the 
Company to maintain and renew its line-of-credit and to secure longer-term financing is critical to operations.  
Adverse market trends, market disruptions or deterioration in the financial condition of the Company could increase 
the cost of borrowing, restrict the Company's ability to issue additional shares of its common stock or otherwise limit 
the Company’s ability to secure adequate funding. 

Failure to comply with debt covenant requirements.

The Company's long-term debt obligations and bank line-of-credit contain financial covenants. Noncompliance with 
any of these covenants could result in an event of default which, if not cured or waived, could accelerate payment on 
outstanding debt obligations or cause prepayment penalties.  In such an event, the Company may not be able to 
refinance or repay all of its indebtedness, pay dividends or have sufficient liquidity to meet operating and capital 
expenditure requirements. Any such acceleration would cause a material adverse change in the Company's financial 
condition.

12

 
Post-retirement benefits and related funding of obligations.

The costs of providing defined benefit pension and retiree medical plans are dependent on a number of factors such as 
the rates of return on plan assets, discount rates used in determining plan liabilities, the level of interest rates used to 
measure the required minimum funding levels of the plan, future government regulation, changes in life expectancy, 
and required or voluntary contributions made to the plan.  Changes in actuarial assumptions and differences between 
the assumptions and actual results, as well as a significant decline in the value of investments that fund these plans, if 
not offset or mitigated by a decline in plan liabilities, could increase the expense of these plans and require significant 
additional funding. Although the Company has soft-frozen both plans to limit future growth in each plan's liabilities, 
ongoing funding obligations and expenses could have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of 
operation and cash flows. 

Exposure to market risks.

The Company is subject to market risks that are beyond the Company’s control, such as commodity price volatility and 
interest rate risk.  The Company is generally isolated from commodity price risk through the PGA mechanism the 
Company has in place.  With respect to interest rate risk, the Company has been operating in a relatively low interest 
rate environment for both short and long-term interest rates.  However, increases in interest rates could adversely affect 
the Company’s future financial results.

GENERAL RISKS

General downturn in the economy or prolonged period of slow economic recovery.

A weak or poorly performing economy can negatively affect the Company’s profitability.  An economic downturn can 
result in loss of commercial and industrial customers due to plant closings, a loss of residential customers as well as 
slow or declining growth in new customer additions, all of which would result in reduced sales volumes and lower 
revenues.  An economic downturn could also result in rising unemployment and other factors that could lead to a loss 
of customers and an increase in customer delinquencies and bad debt expense.

Insurance coverage may not be sufficient.

The Company currently has liability and property insurance to cover a variety of exposures and risks.  The insurance 
policies supporting said coverages are subject to certain limits and deductibles.  Insurance coverage for risks against 
which the Company and its industry peers typically insure may not be offered in the future or such policies may 
expand exclusions that limit the amount of coverage or remove certain risks completely as insured events.  
Furthermore, litigation awards continue to increase and the limits of insurance may not keep pace accordingly.  The 
proceeds received from any such insurance may not be paid in a timely manner.  The occurrence of any of the 
foregoing could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash 
flows.

Item 1B.

Unresolved Staff Comments.

None.

Item 2.

Properties.

Included in “Utility Property” on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet are storage plant, transmission plant, 
distribution plant and general plant of Roanoke Gas as categorized by natural gas utilities. The Company has 
approximately 1,144 miles of transmission and distribution pipeline with transmission and distribution plant 
representing 88% of the total utility plant investment. The transmission and distribution pipelines are located on or 
under public roads and highways or private property for which the Company has obtained the legal authorization and 
rights to operate.

Roanoke Gas currently owns and operates nine metering stations through which it measures and regulates the gas being 
delivered by its suppliers. These stations are located at various points throughout the Company’s distribution system.

13

Roanoke Gas also owns a liquefied natural gas storage facility located in its service territory that has the capacity to 
store up to 200,000 DTH of natural gas.

The Company’s executive, accounting and business offices, along with its maintenance and service departments, are 
located on Kimball Avenue in Roanoke, Virginia.

Although the Company considers its present properties to be adequate, management continues to evaluate the adequacy 
of its current facilities as additional needs arise.

Item 3.

Legal Proceedings.

The Company is not known to be a party to any pending legal proceedings.

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

14

 
 
PART II

Item 5.

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities.

Market Information

Resources' common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Market under the trading symbol RGCO.  Payment of 
dividends is within the discretion of the Board of Directors and depends on, among other factors, earnings, capital 
requirements, and the operating and financial condition of the Company. 

Year Ending September 30, 2020

 First Quarter

 Second Quarter

 Third Quarter

 Fourth Quarter

Year Ending September 30, 2019

First Quarter

Second Quarter

Third Quarter

Fourth Quarter

Range of Bid Prices

Cash Dividends

High

Low

Declared

$ 

30.00 

$ 

27.53 

$ 

31.98 

28.85 

24.86 

24.55 

23.15 

22.58 

$ 

30.71 

$ 

24.16 

$ 

30.51 

30.52 

31.00 

26.50 

25.63 

26.46 

0.1750 

0.1750 

0.1750 

0.1750 

0.1650 

0.1650 

0.1650 

0.1650 

As of November 25, 2020, there were 1,058 holders of record of the Company’s common stock. This number does not 
include all beneficial owners of common stock who hold their shares in “street name."

A summary of the Company’s equity compensation plans follows as of September 30, 2020:

(a)

(b)

(c)

Number of securities
to be issued upon
exercise of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights

Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding
options, warrants
and rights

Number of securities
remaining available
for future issuance
under equity
compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in column
(a))

51,500 

— 

51,500 

$18.34  

493,532 

— 

— 

$18.34  

493,532 

Plan category
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

Total

Item 6.

Selected Financial Data.

Not applicable.

15

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 7.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

COVID-19

COVID-19 and the resulting pandemic continues to have a significant impact on local, state, national and global 
economies.  The actions taken by governments, as well as businesses and individuals, to limit the spread and overcome 
the virus has significantly disrupted normal activities throughout the Company's service territory. Management has 
updated and implemented its pandemic plan to ensure the continuation of safe and reliable service to customers and to 
maintain the safety of the Company's employees. Additionally, the Company regularly evaluates its pandemic plan for 
adherence to new rules and regulations issued by the Department of Labor and the Occupational Safety and Health 
Administration regarding workplace safety. Since the beginning of the pandemic, Resources has been deemed an 
essential entity by virtue of the utility services provided through Roanoke Gas.

As a result of the pandemic, the Company saw a decline in natural gas consumption in most categories of its 
commercial customers; however, certain industrial customers have increased gas consumption, primarily for use in their 
business process, more than offsetting the commercial declines. The Company’s volume of gas delivered to residential 
customers has remained relatively consistent with the prior year.  The Company expects a continued overall decline in 
gas consumption by its commercial customers throughout fiscal 2021.

The SCC issued an order in March 2020, which was extended to October 5, 2020, prohibiting any utility operating in 
Virginia from disconnecting utility service to customers for non-payment or applying late payment fees to delinquent 
accounts.  During the special session of the Virginia General Assembly, HB5005 was enacted and extended the above 
moratorium until the Governor determines that the economic and public health conditions have improved such that the 
prohibition does not need to be in place, or until at least 60 days after such declared state of emergency ends, whichever 
is sooner. Accordingly, the Company has increased its provision for bad debts, based on information currently 
available.

Additionally, in April 2020, the SCC issued an order granting potential relief from bad debts and other incremental 
expenses, directly related to the pandemic. While the Company is tracking these costs and will file for relief with the 
SCC as appropriate, the full extent of these costs and the impact to the Company's results of operations and financial 
position remains unpredictable.

The full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will impact the Company depends on future developments, which are 
highly uncertain and cannot be reasonably predicted, including the duration, scope and severity of the pandemic, the 
increase or reduction in governmental restrictions to businesses and individuals, the potential resurgence of the virus, as 
well as the timing and efficacy of a vaccine.  The longer the pandemic continues, the greater the potential negative 
financial effect on the Company and its customers. Management believes the economic impact of the pandemic will 
continue well into calendar 2021. 

Cyber Risk

Cyber attacks are a constant threat to businesses and individuals.  The Company remains focused on these threats and is 
committed to safeguarding its information technology systems.  These systems contain confidential customer, vendor 
and employee information as well as important operational financial data.  There is risk associated with unauthorized 
access of this information with a malicious intent to corrupt data, cause operational disruptions or compromise 
information.  Management continuously monitors access to these systems and believes it has security measures in place 
to protect these systems from cyber attacks and similar incidents; however, there can be no guarantee that an incident 
will not occur.  In the event of a cyber incident, the Company will execute its Security Incident Response Plan.  The 
Company maintains cyber insurance to mitigate financial costs that may result from a cyber incident.

16

Overview

Resources is an energy services company primarily engaged in the regulated sale and distribution of natural gas to 
approximately 62,000 residential, commercial and industrial customers in Roanoke, Virginia, and the surrounding 
localities, through its Roanoke Gas subsidiary.  Roanoke Gas also provides certain unregulated services.  As a wholly-
owned subsidiary of Resources, Midstream is a more than 1% member in the Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC.  More 
information regarding the investment in MVP is provided under the Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline 
section below.  The unregulated operations represent less than 2% of annual revenues of Resources.

The utility operations of Roanoke Gas are regulated by the SCC, which oversees the terms, conditions, and rates to be 
charged to customers for natural gas service, safety standards, extension of service and depreciation.  The Company is 
also subject to federal regulation from the Department of Transportation in regard to the construction, operation, 
maintenance, safety and integrity of its transmission and distribution pipelines. FERC regulates the prices for the 
transportation and delivery of natural gas to the Company's distribution system and underground storage services. In 
addition, Roanoke Gas is subject to other regulations which are not necessarily industry specific.

More than 98% of the Company’s revenues, excluding equity in earnings of MVP, are derived from the sale and 
delivery of natural gas to Roanoke Gas customers.  The SCC authorizes the rates and fees the Company charges its 
customers for these services.  These rates are designed to provide the Company with the opportunity to recover its gas 
and non-gas expenses and to earn a reasonable rate of return for shareholders based on normal weather.  

On October 10, 2018, Roanoke Gas filed a general rate application requesting an annual increase in customer non-gas 
base rates. Roanoke Gas implemented the interim non-gas rates contained in its rate application for natural gas service 
rendered to customers on or after January 1, 2019.  On January 24, 2020, the SCC issued its final order on the general 
rate application, granting Roanoke Gas an annualized increase in non-gas base rates of $7.25 million and an authorized 
rate of return on equity of 9.44%. As a result, the Company refunded $3.8 million to its customers in March 2020, 
representing the excess revenues collected plus interest for the difference between the final approved rates and the 
interim rates billed since January 1, 2019. The order also directed the Company to write-down $317,000 of ESAC assets 
that were not subject to recovery under the final order.

In fiscal 2019, the Company completed its transition to the 21% federal statutory income tax rate as a result of the 
TCJA that was signed into law in December 2017.  Between the enactment of the new tax rates and the Company's 
implementation of new non-gas rates effective January 1, 2019, the Company was recovering revenues based on a 34% 
federal income tax rate rather than a 21% federal tax rate.  As a result, during this period, the Company recorded a 
provision for refund related to estimated excess revenues collected from customers for the difference in non-gas rates 
derived under the lower federal tax rate and the 34% rate included in non-gas rates. Roanoke Gas incorporated the 
effect of the 21% federal income tax rate with the implementation of new non-gas base rates, as filed in its general non-
gas rate application, and refunded the excess revenues associated with the change in the tax rate over a 12 month period 
ending December 2019. The Company also recorded a regulatory liability related to the excess deferred income taxes 
on the regulated operations of Roanoke Gas.  These excess deferred income taxes are being refunded to customers over 
a 28-year period.  Additional information regarding the TCJA and non-gas base rate award is provided under the 
Regulatory and Tax Reform section below.

As the Company’s business is seasonal in nature, volatility in winter weather and the commodity price of natural gas, 
can impact the effectiveness of the Company’s rates in recovering its costs and providing a reasonable return for its 
shareholders.  In order to mitigate the effect of weather variations and other factors not provided for in the Company's 
base rates, Roanoke Gas has certain approved rate mechanisms in place that help provide stability in earnings, adjust for 
volatility in the price of natural gas and provide a return on qualified infrastructure investment.  These mechanisms 
include the SAVE Rider, WNA, ICC and PGA. 

The Company’s non-gas base rates are designed to allow for the recovery of non-gas related expenses and provide a 
reasonable return to shareholders.  These rates are determined based on the filing of a formal non-gas rate application 
with the SCC.  Generally, investments related to extending service to new customers are recovered through the 
additional revenues generated by the non-gas base rates currently in place.  The investment in replacing and upgrading 
existing infrastructure is generally not recoverable until a formal rate application is filed to include the additional 
investment, and new non-gas base rates are approved.  The SAVE Plan and Rider provides the Company with the 
ability to recover costs related to these SAVE qualified infrastructure investments on a prospective basis.  The SAVE 
Plan provides a mechanism through which the Company may recover the related depreciation and expenses and 
provides a return on rate base of the additional capital investments related to improving the Company's infrastructure 

17

 
until such time a formal rate application is filed to incorporate these investments in the Company's non-gas base rates.  
With the implementation of new non-gas rates effective January 1, 2019, the SAVE Rider was reset as the cumulative 
qualifying SAVE Plan investment through December 31, 2018 was incorporated into the non-gas rate application as 
part of the new non-gas base rates.  Accordingly, SAVE Plan revenues declined to $1,272,000 in fiscal 2020 from 
$1,599,000 in fiscal 2019.  Fiscal 2019 included three months of SAVE revenue under the SAVE Plan rates in effect 
prior to the revenue being incorporated into the new non-gas base rates. In 2017, the Company completed the 
replacement of all cast iron and bare steel pipe and is continuing its renewal program under the SAVE Plan and Rider 
by renewing its first generation, pre-1973 plastic pipe. Additional information regarding the SAVE Rider is provided 
under the Regulatory and Tax Reform section.

The WNA reduces the volatility in earnings due to the variability in temperatures during the heating season.  The WNA 
is based on the most recent 30-year temperature average and provides the Company with a level of earnings protection 
when weather is warmer than normal and provides its customers with price protection when the weather is colder than 
normal.  The WNA allows the Company to recover from its customers the lost margin (excluding gas costs) from the 
impact of weather that is warmer than normal and correspondingly requires the Company to refund the excess margin 
earned for weather that is colder than normal.  Any billings or refunds related to the WNA are completed following 
each WNA year end, which runs from April to March. The Company recorded approximately $1,193,000 and $453,000 
in additional revenue from the WNA for weather that was approximately 8% and 4% warmer than normal for the fiscal 
years ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As normal weather is based on the most recent 30-year 
temperature average, the number of heating degree days used to determine normal will change annually as a new year is 
added to the 30-year period and the oldest year is removed.   As a result of adding recent warmer than normal years to 
replace historical colder years, the number of heating degree days that defines normal has declined from 3,998 in fiscal 
2013 to 3,914 when incorporating fiscal 2020 heating degree days.

The Company also has an approved rate structure in place that mitigates the impact of financing costs of its natural gas 
inventory.  Under this rate structure, Roanoke Gas recognizes revenue for the financing costs, or “carrying costs,” of its 
investment in natural gas inventory. The ICC factor applied to average inventory is based on the Company’s weighted-
average cost of capital, including interest rates on short-term and long-term debt, and the Company’s authorized return 
on equity.  

During times of rising gas costs and rising inventory levels, Roanoke Gas recognizes ICC revenues to offset higher 
financing costs associated with higher inventory balances. Conversely, during times of decreasing gas costs and 
declining inventory balances, Roanoke Gas recognizes less ICC revenue as financing costs are lower.  In addition, ICC 
revenues are impacted by changes in the weighted-average cost of capital. The combination of a 12% reduction in the 
average cost of gas in storage during fiscal 2020 and a 6% reduction in the ICC factor, resulted in a decline in ICC 
revenues of approximately $74,000 from fiscal 2019. Based on current storage balances and natural gas futures prices, 
the average dollar balance of gas in storage in fiscal 2021 should be similar to 2020, which, in combination with a stable 
ICC factor due to the current low interest rate environment, should result in similar ICC revenues.

The Company's approved billing rates include a component designed to allow for the recovery of the cost of natural gas 
used by its customers. The cost of natural gas is a pass-through cost and is independent of the non-gas rates of the 
Company. This rate component, referred to as the PGA, allows the Company to pass along to its customers increases 
and decreases in natural gas costs incurred by its regulated operations. On at least a quarterly basis, the Company files a 
PGA rate adjustment request with the SCC to adjust the gas cost component of its rates up or down depending on 
projected price and activity. Once administrative approval is received, the Company adjusts the gas cost component of 
its rates to reflect the approved amount. As actual costs will differ from the projections used in establishing the PGA 
rate, the Company will either over-recover or under-recover its actual gas costs during the period. The difference 
between actual costs incurred and costs recovered through the application of the PGA is recorded as a regulatory asset 
or liability. At the end of the annual deferral period, the balance is amortized over an ensuing 12-month period as 
amounts are reflected in customer billings.

Roanoke Gas is required to submit an Annual Information Filing ("AIF") each year to the SCC.  Included as part of this 
filing is an earnings test, which is required when the Company has certain regulatory assets.  If the results of the 
earnings test indicate that the Company's regulatory earnings exceed the mid-point of its authorized return on equity 
range, then certain regulatory assets are written-down and recovery accelerated to the point where the actual return for 
the period adjusts to the mid-point of the range. The Company's earnings test is required for its fiscal year ended 
September 30, 2020 and must be filed with the SCC by January 2021. As Roanoke Gas' fiscal 2020 earnings exceed the 
mid-point, the Company accelerated recovery of $525,000 in ESAC assets.

18

Results of Operations

The analysis on the results of operations is based on the consolidated operations of the Company, which is primarily 
associated with the utility segment.  Additional segment analysis is provided in areas where the investment in affiliates 
segment (investment in MVP and Southgate) represent a significant component of the comparison.

The Company's operations are affected by the cost of natural gas, as reflected in the consolidated income statement 
under the line item cost of gas - utility.  The cost of natural gas is passed through to customers at cost, which includes 
commodity price, transportation, storage, injection and withdrawal fees with any increase or decrease offset by a 
correlating change in revenue through the PGA.  Accordingly, management believes that gross utility margin, a non-
GAAP financial measure defined as utility revenues less cost of gas, is a more useful and relevant measure to analyze 
financial performance.  The term gross utility margin is not intended to represent or replace operating income, the most 
comparable GAAP financial measure, as an indicator of operating performance and is not necessarily comparable to 
similarly titled measures reported by other companies.  The following results of operations analyses will reference gross 
utility margin.

Fiscal Year 2020 Compared with Fiscal Year 2019 

The table below reflects operating revenues, volume activity and heating degree days.

Operating Revenues

Year Ended September 30,

2020

2019

Decrease

Percentage

Gas Utilities

Other

Total Operating Revenues

Delivered Volumes

$ 

$ 

62,408,925  $ 

67,306,260  $ 

(4,897,335) 

666,466 

720,265 

(53,799) 

63,075,391  $ 

68,026,525  $ 

(4,951,134) 

 (7) %

 (7) %

 (7) %

Year Ended September 30,

Regulated Natural Gas (DTH)

 Residential and Commercial

 Transportation and Interruptible  

 Total Delivered Volumes
Heating Degree Days 
(Unofficial)

2020

2019

Increase / 
(Decrease)

Percentage

6,419,031 

3,938,143 

10,357,174 

6,901,181 

2,975,312 

9,876,493 

(482,150) 

962,831 

480,681 

3,623 

3,791 

(168) 

 (7) %

 32 %

 5 %

 (4) %

Total gas utility operating revenues for the year ended September 30, 2020 decreased by 7% from the year ended 
September 30, 2019 primarily due to a reduction in residential and commercial volumes, lower natural gas commodity 
prices and reduced SAVE Plan revenue more than offsetting a full year impact of the non-gas rate increase and higher 
transportation volumes.  The primarily weather sensitive residential and commercial natural gas deliveries declined by 
7%, corresponding to a 4% decline in heating degree days during the period, while transportation volumes increased by 
32%.  After adjusting for WNA, residential volumes declined by more than 2% and commercial volumes fell by more 
than 6%.  These WNA adjusted lower volumes reflect the impact of COVID-19 on local businesses and other entities 
through closings and reduced operations.  The significant increase in transportation and interruptible volumes is 
attributable to a single multi-fuel use industrial customer that switched its primary fuel source to natural gas due to 
favorable natural gas commodity price levels; however, this customer's natural gas usage has since returned to prior 
consumption patterns. The average commodity price of natural gas delivered declined by 29% per decatherm from the 
same period last year due to available supplies and higher storage levels from a mild winter.  SAVE Plan revenues 
declined by $327,000 as the SAVE Rider reset effective January 1, 2019, and all qualifying SAVE Plan investments 
through December 31, 2018 were included in rate base and used to derive the new non-gas base rates.  For the first three 
months of fiscal 2019, SAVE Plan revenues represented a return on a five-year accumulation of SAVE investment.  
Subsequent to January 1, 2019, the SAVE Plan investments reset and currently include less than two years of qualifying 
investments on which to earn a return.  As discussed above, the Company placed new non-gas base rates into effect for 
natural gas service rendered on or after January 1, 2019, subject to refund.  As a result, fiscal 2020 includes a full year 
of revenues under the new non-gas base rates, while the prior year revenues include only nine-months of the higher 
non-gas rates.   

19

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other revenues decreased by 7% from the same period last year due to the unregulated operations contract completion.  
The contract ended in August 2020 and accounted for approximately 75% of other revenues for fiscal 2020.  The 
Company does not currently anticipate pursuing other customers for these services.

Gross Utility Margin

Year Ended September 30,

2020

2019

Increase / 
(Decrease)

Percentage

Utility revenues

Cost of gas

Gross Utility Margin

$ 

$ 

62,408,925  $ 

67,306,260  $ 

(4,897,335) 

23,949,481 

32,401,123 

(8,451,642) 

38,459,444  $ 

34,905,137  $ 

3,554,307 

 (7) %

 (26) %

 10 %

Gross utility margins increased over last year primarily as a result of implementing the non-gas base rate increase 
effective January 1, 2019 and higher delivered transportation and interruptible volumes.  The new non-gas rates were in 
effect for the entire fiscal 2020 year compared to only nine months for fiscal 2019.  As a result, customer base charge 
revenues increased by $927,475. Volumetric margin increased by $1,792,553, attributable to 80% of the non-gas base 
rate increase being allocated to volumetric margin and the single industrial customer previously discussed, net of the 
effect of lower residential and commercial volumes due to warmer weather and the effects from COVID-19. WNA 
margin increased by $739,823 as weather was 8% warmer than normal and more than 4% warmer than the same period 
last year.  In addition, the current year WNA margin reflects the pricing from a full year implementation of the higher 
non-gas rates in the calculation. The prior year also included a reserve for excess revenues attributable to the reduction 
in the corporate federal income tax rates for the period of October 1, 2018 through December 31, 2018 prior to the 
implementation of the new non-gas rates. These excess revenues were subsequently refunded to customers in calendar 
2019.  The current fiscal year has no such adjustment as the new non-gas rates incorporated the effect of the lower 
federal income tax rate.

The changes in the components of the gross utility margin are summarized below:

Years Ended September 30,

2020

2019

Increase / 
(Decrease)

Customer Base Charge

$ 

14,413,709  $ 

13,486,234  $ 

927,475 

SAVE Plan

Volumetric

WNA

Carrying Cost
Excess Revenues - Tax Reform
Other Revenues

Total

1,272,070 

21,091,007 

1,192,715 

388,607 
— 
101,336 

1,599,281 

19,298,454 

452,892 

462,260 
(523,881) 
129,897 

(327,211) 

1,792,553 

739,823 

(73,653) 
523,881 
(28,561) 

$ 

38,459,444  $ 

34,905,137  $ 

3,554,307 

Operations and Maintenance Expense - Operations and maintenance expense increased by $2,091,210, or 15%, from 
prior year primarily due to the accelerated recovery of ESAC regulatory assets, increased bad debt expense, 
compensation costs and professional services.  As previously mentioned, the SCC final order on Roanoke's non-gas 
base rate increase directed the Company to write-down $317,000 of ESAC assets that were not subject to recovery.  In 
addition to the annual amortization of ESAC assets, Roanoke Gas accelerated the recovery of the remaining $525,000 
balance of ESAC assets as a result of the preliminary earnings test performed by the Company. Bad debt expense 
increased by $336,000 related primarily to the ramifications of COVID-19.  With the service cut-off moratorium and 
delinquencies, the corresponding bad debt expense has continued in an upward trend. Additionally, as the number of 
COVID cases continue to increase, the negative economic impact is expected to continue resulting in the potential for 
higher bad debt levels next year.  See the Regulatory and Tax Reform section below for more information regarding the 
moratorium and ESAC assets. Total compensation costs increased by $400,000 primarily due to vesting of officer stock 
awards.  Professional services increased by $323,000 due to a variety of factors including legal assistance provided in 
the non-gas rate application, services related to union contract negotiations, services related to employee benefit plans, 
network systems support and other project support activities.  

20

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
General Taxes - General taxes increased $127,995, or 6%, primarily due to higher property taxes associated with a 
nearly 9% increase in utility property. 

Depreciation - Depreciation expense increased by $436,451, or 6%, corresponding to a similar increase in depreciable 
utility plant. 

Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Affiliate - The equity in earnings of the MVP investment increased by 
$1,794,526 due to AFUDC related to increased investment in the project.  The total MVP cash investment in fiscal 2020 
was approximately $7.8 million.

Other Income, net - Other income increased by $284,414 primarily due to the $248,000 equity portion of AFUDC 
income related to the two Roanoke Gas transfer stations that will interconnect with the MVP.  The Company recorded 
AFUDC based on activity retro-active to January 1, 2019 in accordance with the provisions included in the SCC's final 
rate order on the non-gas base rates as discussed in the Regulatory and Tax Reform section.

Interest Expense - Total interest expense increased by $480,607, or 13%, due to a 28% increase in the average total 
debt outstanding during the year. This increase is attributed to the continued investment in MVP and financing 
expenditures in support of Roanoke Gas' capital budget, partially offset by a reduction in the weighted-average interest 
rate during the period and the capitalization of $82,000 for the interest portion of AFUDC.  

Roanoke Gas' interest expense increased by $326,304 as total average debt outstanding increased by $10,200,000 
associated with the debt issuance in December 2019 and an increase in the borrowings under the line-of-credit.  The 
average interest rate decreased slightly from 3.80% in fiscal 2019 to 3.76% in fiscal 2020.  The increase in interest 
expense was mitigated by the capitalization of $82,000 related to the interest portion of AFUDC as authorized by the 
SCC's final order on the non-gas rate increase. 

Midstream's interest expense increased by $154,303 as total average debt outstanding increased by $14,400,000 
associated with the its investment in MVP.  The average interest rate decreased from 3.59% in fiscal 2019 to 2.76% in 
the current year due to the decline in the variable interest rate on Midstream's credit facility.

Income Taxes - Income tax expense increased by $654,929, or 25%, on a 22% increase in pre-tax earnings.  The 
effective tax rate was 23.8% for fiscal 2020 compared to 23.4% for fiscal 2019.  The effective tax rate for both years is 
below the combined state and federal statutory rate of 25.74% due to the amortization of the excess deferred income 
taxes and the excess deductions related to the vesting of restricted stock and the exercise of stock options.  Income tax 
expense related to the MVP investment increased by $405,000 due to the significant growth in pre-tax earnings.  The 
majority of the remaining $250,000 increase in income tax expense is related to the increase in pre-tax earnings of 
Roanoke Gas.  

Net Income and Dividends - Net income for fiscal 2020 was $10,564,534 compared to $8,698,412 for fiscal 2019.  
Basic and diluted earnings per share were $1.30 in fiscal 2020 compared to $1.08 in fiscal 2019.  Dividends declared 
per share of common stock were $0.70 in fiscal 2020 compared to $0.66 in fiscal 2019. 

Capital Resources and Liquidity

Due to the capital intensive nature of the utility business, as well as the related weather sensitivity, the Company’s 
primary capital needs are the funding of its capital projects, investment in MVP, the seasonal funding of its natural gas 
inventories and accounts receivables and payment of dividends. To meet these needs, the Company primarily relies on 
its operating cash flows and availability under short-term and long-term credit agreements.

21

 
 
Cash and cash equivalents decreased by approximately $1.3 million in fiscal 2020 compared to an increase of $1.4 
million in fiscal 2019. The following table summarizes the categories of sources and uses of cash:

Cash Flow Summary

Net cash provided by operating activities

Net cash used in investing activities

Net cash provided by financing activities

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

Cash Flows Provided by Operating Activities:

Years Ended September 30,

2020

2019

$ 

12,823,903  $ 

14,697,704 

(30,721,011)   

(42,830,005) 

16,556,826 

29,516,238 

$ 

(1,340,282)  $ 

1,383,937 

The seasonal nature of the natural gas business causes operating cash flows to fluctuate significantly during the year, as 
well as from year to year.  Factors, including weather, energy prices, natural gas storage levels and customer 
collections, all contribute to working capital levels and related cash flows.  Generally, operating cash flows are positive 
during the second and third fiscal quarters as a combination of earnings, declining storage gas levels and collections on 
customer accounts all contribute to higher cash levels.  During the first and fourth fiscal quarters, operating cash flows 
generally decrease due to the combination of increasing natural gas storage levels and rising customer receivable 
balances.

Cash flow from operating activities decreased by nearly $1.9 million when compared to the prior year. The decrease in 
cash flow provided by operations was primarily driven by changes in regulatory assets and liabilities, partially offset by 
net income and changes in accounts payable.

The table below summarizes the significant operating cash flow components:

Cash Flows From Operating Activities:

2020

2019

Increase (Decrease)

Years Ended September 30,

Net Income

Non-cash adjustments:

Depreciation

Equity in earnings

AFUDC

Allowance for doubtful accounts

ESAC assets
Changes in working capital and regulatory assets and 
liabilities:

Accounts receivable
Prepaid income taxes

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Change in over (under) collection of gas costs

Rate refund

WNA

Other

$ 

10,564,534 

$ 

8,698,412 

$ 

1,866,122 

8,126,427 

(4,814,874) 

(330,208) 

592,398 

1,022,195 

(141,482) 
510,357 

659,276 

(1,895,555) 

(3,827,589) 

1,171,342 

1,187,082 

7,600,852 

(3,020,348) 

— 

7,167 

303,470 

(258,024) 
(320,297) 

(2,745,377) 

1,084,735 

2,507,422 

(399,956) 

1,239,648 

525,575 

(1,794,526) 

(330,208) 

585,231 

718,725 

116,542 
830,654 

3,404,653 

(2,980,290) 

(6,335,011) 

1,571,298 

(52,566) 

Net cash provided by operating activities

$ 

12,823,903 

$ 

14,697,704 

$ 

(1,873,801) 

In 2020, Roanoke Gas issued $3.8 million of refunds related to interim rates that began in fiscal 2019, resulting in a 
$6.3 million change in operating cash flow. As natural gas commodity prices rapidly declined in 2020, the Company’s 
gas cost recovery moved from an over-collected position at the end of 2019 to an under-collected position in 2020, 
driving a $3.0 million decrease in operating cash flow. These significant year-over-year decreases were offset by 
increases in net income, net of AFUDC earnings, and depreciation. Fiscal 2020 also had non-cash expense for 
uncollectible accounts and the ESAC accelerated recovery. Colder than normal weather for the WNA period ended 
September 30, 2020 resulted in a net payable versus a net receivable at September 30, 2019, driving an increase in 

22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
operating cash flows of $1.6 million. In addition, the $3.4 million operating cash increase from accounts payable and 
accrued expenses is primarily attributable to changes in natural gas commodity prices year-over-year and fiscal 2019 
elevated employee benefit plan funding.

Cash Flows Used in Investing Activities:

Investing activities primarily consist of expenditures related to investment in Roanoke Gas' utility plant, which includes 
replacing aging natural gas pipe with new plastic or coated steel pipe, improvements to the LNG plant and gas 
distribution system facilities and expansion of its natural gas system to meet the demands of customer growth, as well 
as the continued investment in the MVP.  Roanoke Gas' expenditures were approximately $22.9 million and $21.9 
million in fiscal 2020 and 2019, respectively.  Roanoke Gas renewed 9.6 miles of main and 592 service lines and 8.4 
miles of main and 875 service lines in fiscal years 2020 and 2019, respectively. The current SAVE Plan is focused on 
the replacement of pre-1973 first generation plastic pipe. In addition, Roanoke Gas’ capital expenditures included costs 
to extend natural gas distribution mains and services to 448 customers in fiscal 2020, compared to 553 customers in 
fiscal 2019.  Roanoke Gas is constructing two gate stations and has nearly completed the extension of the gas 
distribution system necessary to interconnect with the MVP. Once MVP is operational, these two stations will provide 
additional natural gas supply to Roanoke Gas' existing customers as well as currently unserved areas. Depreciation 
covered approximately 35% of the current and prior year's capital expenditures, with the balance provided from other 
operating cash flows and financing activities.

Capital expenditures are expected to remain at current levels over the next few years as Roanoke Gas continues to focus 
on its SAVE Plan, which is expected to be completed by 2024. The Company expects to utilize its credit facilities, as 
well as consider additional equity capital, to meet the funding requirements of these planned expenditures.

Investing cash flows also reflect the 2020 funding of $7.9 million for Midstream's participation in the LLC.  
Midstream's total expected funding increased to between $60 and $62 million as discussed below, with anticipated cash 
investment for fiscal 2021 to be approximately $17 million.  Funding for the investment in the LLC is provided through 
the $41 million credit facility and two unsecured notes in the combined amount of $24 million. More information 
regarding the credit facilities is provided in Note 7 and under the Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline 
section below.

Cash Flows Provided by Financing Activities:

Financing activities generally consist of borrowings and repayments under credit agreements, issuance of stock and the 
payment of dividends. Net cash flows provided by financing activities were $16.6 million and $29.5 million in fiscal 
2020 and 2019, respectively. The Company uses its line-of-credit to fund seasonal working capital needs and provide 
temporary financing for capital projects.  The increase in financing cash flows was derived from Midstream's net 
borrowings of more than $9 million to finance its investment in MVP and the $10 million issuance of notes by Roanoke 
Gas. The Company also realized $1.8 million from the issuance of stock through DRIP activity and the exercise of 
options.  Cash out-flows for dividend payments exceeded $5.6 million as the annualized dividend rate increased from 
$0.66 to $0.70 per share. The Company’s consolidated capitalization was 41.7% equity and 58.3% long-term debt at 
September 30, 2020, exclusive of unamortized debt expense.  This compares to 44.5% equity and 55.5% long-term debt 
at September 30, 2019. The long-term debt as a percent of long-term capitalization increased from last year due to the 
debt issuances described above compared to retained earnings increases, net of dividend payments.

On March 26, 2020, Roanoke Gas renewed its unsecured line-of-credit agreement, which was scheduled to expire 
March 31, 2021. The new agreement is for a two-year term expiring March 31, 2022 with a maximum borrowing limit 
of $28,000,000. Amounts drawn against the agreement are considered to be non-current as the balance under the line-
of-credit is not subject to repayment within the next 12-month period. The agreement has a variable-interest rate based 
on 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points and an availability fee of 15 basis points and provides multi-tiered borrowing 
limits aligned with the Company's seasonal borrowing demand. The Company's total available borrowing limits range 
from $3,000,000 to $28,000,000.

On December 23, 2019, Midstream entered into the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement ("Amendment") and 
amendments to the related Promissory Notes ("Notes") with the corresponding banks. The Amendment modified the 
original Credit Agreement and prior amendments between Midstream and the banks by increasing the total borrowing 
capacity to $41,000,000 from its previous $26,000,000 limit and extending the maturity date to December 29, 2022. 
The Amendment retained all of the other provisions contained in the previous credit agreements and amendments 

23

including the interest rate on the notes based on a 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35%. The additional limits under the 
Amendment provide additional financing for the investment in the MVP.

On December 6, 2019, Roanoke Gas entered into unsecured notes in the aggregate principal amount of $10,000,000.  
These notes have a 10-year term from the date of issue at a fixed interest rate of 3.60%. The proceeds from these notes 
provided financing for Roanoke Gas' capital budget.

On December 6, 2019, Roanoke Gas amended its existing private shelf facility agreement. This "Second Amendment" 
pre-authorized the Company to issue notes up to an additional $40,000,000, in aggregate, while also extending the term 
3-years. At this time, no funds have been drawn since the amendment.

On September 30, 2020, Roanoke Gas entered into a second private shelf facility agreement for the pre-authorization to 
issue notes up to $70 million, in aggregate, during the 5-year term of the agreement. No funds have been drawn under 
the shelf agreement at this time.

At the Company's annual meeting, held on February 3, 2020, Resources shareholders approved an amendment to the 
Articles of Incorporation that increased the total number of authorized common shares from 10 million to 20 million. 
The amendment became effective on February 4, 2020.

On February 14, 2020, Resources filed a prospectus with the SEC utilizing a shelf registration process where the 
Company may sell shares of common stock, in one or more offerings, of an aggregate amount up to $40,000,000. The 
prospectus was filed including a supplement allowing the Company to offer a portion of these shares, up to an aggregate 
of $15,000,000, utilizing the at the market ("ATM") approach as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act. The 
ATM approach allows Resources flexibility in the frequency, timing and amount of share offerings in supplementing its 
capital funding needs. As of September 30, 2020, no shares had been issued through the ATM.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Regulation S-K, Item 303(a)(4)(ii).

Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline                

On October 1, 2015, Midstream entered into an agreement to become a 1% member in the LLC. The purpose of the 
LLC is to construct and operate the MVP.  On November 19, 2019, the Company's Board of Directors approved a pro-
rata increase in its participation in MVP. As a result, based on the midpoint of the targeted total project cost for the 
MVP discussed below, Midstream's equity interest will increase to approximately 1.03% by the pipeline’s in-service 
date and the Company’s total estimated cash investment is expected to range from $60 to $62 million.

Management believes the investment in the LLC will be beneficial for the Company, its shareholders and southwest 
Virginia. In addition to Midstream's potential returns from its investment in the LLC, Roanoke Gas will benefit from 
this additional delivery source.  Currently, Roanoke Gas is served by two pipelines and an LNG peak-shaving facility.  
Damage to or interruption in supply from any of these sources, especially during the winter heating season, could have a 
significant impact on the Company's ability to serve its customers.  This additional capacity would reduce the impact 
from such an event as well as allow the Company to better meet both current and future demands for natural gas.  In 
addition, the proposed pipeline path would provide the Company with a more economically feasible opportunity to 
provide natural gas service to currently unserved areas within its certificated service territory.

Total MVP project work is approximately 92% complete. Activity on the MVP was limited for most of fiscal 2020 due 
to legal and regulatory challenges to the project, including the October 2019 FERC issued project-wide order halting 
forward-construction progress.  On October 9, 2020 the FERC partially lifted this order, allowing some upland 
construction to resume.  Although certain permits and authorizations for the MVP project were received in the fourth 
quarter of fiscal 2020, there remain pending legal and regulatory challenges and authorization requests to, or otherwise 
affecting, certain aspects of the project and certain of such permits and authorizations, which the LLC is working to 
resolve.

As of November 3, 2020,  based primarily on unanticipated delays during the prime summer and fall 2020 construction 
seasons resulting from the LLC’s inability to complete MVP project work under Nationwide Permit 12 authority (which 
was received in September 2020 and subsequently temporarily stayed in October 2020 by the Fourth Circuit Court of 
Appeals and then further stayed by the Fourth Circuit Court on November 9, 2020) and the continued need for 

24

authorization from the FERC to complete construction work on approximately 25 miles of the project route, the full in-
service date for the MVP project has been extended to the second half of calendar 2021 at a total project cost of $5.8 
billion to $6.0 billion, excluding AFUDC. Completion of the project in accordance with the targeted full in-service date 
and cost will require, among other things, timely authorization by the FERC to complete construction work in the 
portion of the project route currently remaining subject to the FERC’s previous stop work order, timely reinstatement of 
the LLC’s Nationwide Permit 12 permits or utilization of alternative permitting authority and/or construction methods 
to cross streams and wetlands in a manner not requiring a Nationwide Permit 12, as well as resolution of challenges to 
the Biological Opinion and Incidental Take Statement issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for the MVP project 
and receipt of authorizations from the Bureau of Land Management and U.S. Forest Service.  Due to the uncertainty 
regarding the timing of permitting and the outcome of any legal challenges, on August 25, 2020, the LLC filed a request 
with the FERC for an extension of time to complete the MVP project for an additional two years through October 13, 
2022. On October 9, 2020, the FERC granted this request. 

In December 2019, Midstream entered into the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement and amended the corresponding 
associated notes to increase the borrowing capacity under the credit facility from $26 million to $41 million and extend 
the maturity date to December 29, 2022.  The amended agreement and notes will provide additional financing capacity 
for MVP funding; however, due to the ongoing delays, additional financing may be required.  If the legal and regulatory 
challenges are not resolved and/or restrictions are imposed by the government related to COVID-19 that impact future 
construction, the cost of the MVP and Midstream's capital contributions may increase above current estimates, resulting 
in additional financing requirements, and a delayed in-service date.

The current earnings from the MVP investment are attributable to AFUDC income generated by the deployment of 
capital in the design, engineering, materials procurement, project management and construction of the pipeline.  
AFUDC is an accounting method whereby the costs of debt and equity funds used to finance infrastructure construction 
are credited to income and charged to the cost of the project.  The level of investment in MVP, as well as the AFUDC, 
will grow as construction activities continue.  However, when the pipeline, or a portion of the pipeline, is completed and 
approved by FERC to be placed into service, recognition of AFUDC income will be reduced proportionally or cease.  
Once in service, earnings will be derived from cash flows for pipeline utilization capacity charges, per contract.  It is 
expected that Midstream's future earnings will be less than the current level of AFUDC recognized.

In 2018, Midstream became a participant in Southgate, a project to construct a 75-mile pipeline extending from the 
MVP mainline at the Transco interconnect in Virginia to delivery points in North Carolina. Midstream is a less than 1% 
investor in the Southgate project and, based on current estimates, will invest approximately $2.1 million in Southgate.  
Midstream's participation in the Southgate project is for investment purposes only.  The FERC issued the CPCN for 
Southgate in June 2020; however, the FERC, while authorizing the project, directed the Office of Energy Projects to not 
issue a notice to proceed with construction until necessary federal permits are received for the MVP project and the 
Director of the Office of Energy Projects lifts the stop work order and authorizes the LLC to continue constructing the 
MVP project. On August 11, 2020, North Carolina regulators denied the Southgate project's application for a Clean 
Water Act Section 401 Individual Water Quality Certification and Jordan Lake Riparian Buffer Authorization due to 
uncertainty surrounding the completion of the MVP project, which denial was appealed by the LLC on September 10, 
2020. The Southgate project is targeted to be placed in-service in 2022, depending upon, among other things, favorable 
and timely resolution of the foregoing and other regulatory decisions and processes.  

Regulatory and Tax Reform

On October 10, 2018, Roanoke Gas filed a general rate case application requesting an annual increase in customer non-
gas base rates.  This application incorporated into the non-gas base rates the impact of tax reform, non-SAVE utility 
plant investment, increased operating costs, recovery of regulatory assets, including all ESAC related costs, and SAVE 
plan investments and related costs previously recovered through the SAVE rider.  Approximately $4.7 million of the 
rate increase request was attributable to moving the SAVE Plan related revenues into non-gas base rates. The new non-
gas base rates were placed into effect for gas service rendered on or after January 1, 2019, subject to refund, pending 
audit by SCC staff, hearing and final order by the SCC.  

Following the completion of the SCC staff audit and the issuance of the hearing examiner's report, the SCC issued its 
final order on January 24, 2020.  The SCC order awarded Roanoke Gas an annualized non-gas rate increase of $7.25 
million with approximately 80% of the increase allocated to the volumetric component of rates.  The non-gas rate award 
provided for a 9.44% return on equity but excluded from rates, at the current time, a return on the investment of two 
interconnect stations with the MVP.  In addition, the final order directed the Company to write-off a portion of ESAC 
assets that were excluded from recovery under the rate award.  As a result, in the first quarter the Company expensed an 

25

additional $317,000 of ESAC assets above the annual amortization amount. Rates authorized by the SCC's final order 
required the Company to issue customers $3.8 million in rate refunds, which the Company completed in March 2020.

As noted above, the SCC order excluded a return on investment of the two interconnect stations currently under 
construction that will connect the MVP pipeline into the Company's distribution system; however, the order did provide 
for the ability to defer financing costs of these investments for future recovery. After conferring with SCC staff 
regarding proper treatment, the Company began recognizing AFUDC to capitalize both the equity and debt financing 
costs incurred during the construction phases retroactive to January 1, 2019, the rate award's effective date.  For the 
fiscal year ended September 30, 2020, the Company included a total of $330,000 in AFUDC income, with $248,000 
reflected in other income, net and $82,000 as an offset to interest expense.

On March 16, 2020, in response to COVID-19, the SCC issued an order applicable to all utilities operating in Virginia to 
suspend disconnection of service to all customers until May 15, 2020.  The Commission extended the moratorium on 
disconnections through October 5, 2020. These moratorium orders prohibited utilities from disconnecting any customer 
for non-payment of their natural gas service and from assessing late payment fees.  Subsequently, during the 2020 
special session of the Virginia General Assembly, HB5005 was enacted and extended the moratorium for residential 
customers until the Governor determines that the economic and public health conditions have improved such that the 
prohibition does not need to be in place, or until at least 60 days after such declared state of emergency ends, whichever 
is sooner. Therefore, residential customers that would normally be disconnected for non-payment will continue incurring 
costs for gas service during the moratorium, resulting in higher potential write-offs. The Company has increased its 
provision for bad debts for fiscal 2020; however, the potential magnitude of the combined impact from the economy and 
the moratorium on bad debts continues to be uncertain.  The Company supported the decision to suspend service 
disconnections in light of the current economic situation and continues to work with its customers in making 
arrangements to keep or bring their accounts current.  In April 2020, the SCC issued an order allowing regulated utilities 
in Virginia to defer certain incremental, prudently incurred costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and to apply 
for recovery at a future date. Formal guidance has not been provided by the SCC at this time. The Company did not 
defer any costs in 2020 due to the results of its earnings test, described below. In addition, HB5005 provides The 
Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act's funds to assist customers with past due balances.  The 
amount of funding and the potential impact on bad debt reserves is currently unknown at this time; however, 
management continues to evaluate the potential application of the order and possible funding relief on the consolidated 
financial statements.

Roanoke Gas is required to submit an AIF each year to the SCC.  Included as part of this filing is an earnings test, which 
is required when the Company has certain regulatory assets.  If the results of the earnings test indicate that the 
Company's regulatory earnings exceed the mid-point of its authorized return on equity range, then certain regulatory 
assets are written-down and recovery accelerated to the point where the actual return for the period adjusts to the mid-
point of the range. The Company's earnings test is required for its fiscal year ended September 30, 2020 and must be 
filed with the SCC by January 2021. As Roanoke Gas' fiscal 2020 earnings exceed the mid-point, the Company 
accelerated recovery of $525,000 in ESAC assets.

The general rate case application incorporated the effects of tax reform, which reduced the federal tax rate for the 
Company from 34% to 21%.  Roanoke Gas recorded two regulatory liabilities to account for this change in the federal 
tax rate.  The first regulatory liability related to the excess deferred taxes associated with the regulated operations of 
Roanoke Gas.  As Roanoke Gas had a net deferred tax liability, the reduction in the federal tax rate required the 
revaluation of these excess deferred income taxes to the 21% rate at which the deferred taxes are expected to reverse.  
The excess net deferred tax liability for Roanoke Gas' regulated operations was transferred to a regulatory liability, 
while the revaluation of excess deferred taxes on the unregulated operations of the Company were flowed into income 
tax expense in the first quarter of fiscal 2018.  A majority of the regulatory liability for excess deferred taxes was 
attributable to accelerated tax depreciation related to utility property.  In order to comply with the IRS normalization 
rules, these excess deferred income taxes must be flowed back to customers and through tax expense based on the 
average remaining life of the corresponding assets, which approximates 28 years.  The remaining excess deferred taxes 
not associated with utility property are being collected from customers over a 5-year period. The corresponding 
balances related to the net excess deferred taxes are included in the regulatory liability schedule in Note 1 of the 
consolidated financial statements.

The second regulatory liability relates to the excess revenues collected from customers.  The non-gas base rates used 
since the passage of the TCJA in December 2017 through December 2018 were derived from a 34% federal tax rate.  As 
a result, the Company over-recovered from its customers the difference between the federal tax rate at 34% and the 
24.3% blended rate in fiscal 2018 and 21% in fiscal 2019.  To comply with an SCC directive issued in January 2018, 

26

Roanoke Gas accrued a refund for the excess revenues collected in fiscal 2018 and the first quarter of fiscal 2019.  
Starting with the implementation of the new non-gas base rates in January 2019, Roanoke Gas began returning the 
excess revenues to customers over a 12-month period.  The refund of the excess revenues was completed in December 
2019.

The Company continues to recover the costs of its infrastructure replacement program through its SAVE Plan.  The 
original SAVE Plan was designed to facilitate the accelerated replacement of aging natural gas pipe by providing a 
mechanism for the Company to recover the related depreciation and expenses including a return on qualifying capital 
investment without the filing of a non-gas base rate application. Since the implementation and approval of the original 
SAVE Plan in 2012, the Company has modified, amended or updated its SAVE Plan each year to incorporate various 
qualifying projects. In May 2020, the Company filed its most recent SAVE application with the SCC to further amend 
its SAVE Plan and for approval of a SAVE Rider for the period October 2020 through September 2021. In its 
application, the Company requested to continue to recover the costs of the replacement of pre-1973 plastic pipe. In 
addition, the Company requested to include the replacement of certain regulator stations and pre-1971 coated steel pipe 
as qualifying SAVE projects.  In September 2020, the SCC issued its order approving the updated SAVE Plan and Rider 
effective with the October 2020 billing cycle.  The new SAVE Rider is designed to collect approximately $2.3 million in 
annual revenues, an increase from the approximate $1.2 million in annual revenues under the prior SAVE rates. In 
addition, the approved SAVE Plan includes a refund factor to return approximately $73,000 in SAVE revenue over-
collections from 2019.

Roanoke Gas' provision for depreciation is computed principally based on composite rates determined by depreciation 
studies.  These depreciation studies are required to be performed on the regulated utility assets of Roanoke Gas at least 
every five years.  On June 11, 2019, Roanoke Gas filed its current depreciation study, which incorporated all of the new 
and replacement infrastructure and equipment placed in service since the last study.  In September 2019, the SCC 
administratively approved the depreciation study, which resulted in a very small net reduction in the overall weighted-
average composite rate from 3.32% in fiscal 2018 to 3.31% in fiscal 2019 and 3.30% in fiscal 2020.  The new 
depreciation rates were implemented retroactive to October 1, 2018.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The consolidated financial statements of Resources are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally 
accepted in the United States of America.  The amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses reported in the 
Company’s financial statements are affected by accounting policies, estimates and assumptions that are necessary to 
comply with generally accepted accounting principles.  Estimates used in the financial statements are derived from prior 
experience, statistical analysis and professional judgments.  Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates 
and assumptions.

The Company considers an estimate to be critical if it is material to the financial statements and requires assumptions to 
be made that were uncertain at the time the estimate was made and changes in the estimate are reasonably likely to 
occur from period to period.  The Company considers the following accounting policies and estimates to be critical. 

Regulatory accounting - The Company’s regulated operations follow the accounting and reporting requirements of 
FASB ASC No. 980, Regulated Operations.  The economic effects of regulation can result in a regulated company 
deferring costs that have been or are expected to be recovered from customers in a period different from the period in 
which the costs would be charged to expense by an unregulated enterprise.  When this occurs, costs are deferred as 
regulatory assets on the consolidated balance sheet and recorded as expenses in the consolidated statements of income 
and comprehensive income when such amounts are reflected in rates.  Additionally, regulators can impose regulatory 
liabilities upon a regulated company for amounts previously collected from customers and for current collection in rates 
of costs that are expected to be incurred in the future.

If, for any reason, the Company ceases to meet the criteria for application of regulatory accounting treatment for all or 
part of its operations, the Company would remove the applicable regulatory assets or liabilities from the consolidated 
balance sheet and include them in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the period in 
which the discontinuance occurred. The write-down of the ESAC assets is consistent with the provisions of ASC No 
980.

Revenue recognition - Regulated utility sales and transportation revenues are based upon rates approved by the SCC. 
The non-gas cost component of rates may not be changed without a formal rate application and corresponding 
authorization by the SCC in the form of a Commission order; however, the gas cost component of rates is adjusted 

27

quarterly, or more frequently if necessary, through the PGA mechanism.  When the Company files a request for a non-
gas rate increase, the SCC may allow the Company to place such rates into effect subject to refund pending a final 
order.  Under these circumstances, the Company estimates the amount of increase it anticipates will be approved based 
on the best available information.

The Company also bills customers through a SAVE Rider that provides a mechanism to recover on a prospective basis 
the costs associated with the Company’s expected investment related to the replacement of natural gas distribution pipe 
and other qualifying projects.  As authorized by the SCC, the Company adjusts billed revenues monthly through the 
application of the WNA model.  As the Company's non-gas rates are established based on the 30-year temperature  
average, monthly fluctuations in temperature from the 30-year average could result in the recognition of more or less 
revenue than for what the non-gas rates were designed.  The WNA authorizes the Company to adjust monthly revenues 
for the effects of variation in weather from the 30-year average with a corresponding entry to a WNA receivable or 
payable.  At the end of each WNA year, the Company refunds excess revenue collected for weather that was colder than 
the 30-year average or bills customers for revenue short-fall resulting from weather that was warmer than normal.  As 
required under the provisions of ASC No. 980, the Company recognizes billed revenue related to SAVE projects and 
from the WNA to the extent such revenues have been earned under the provisions approved by the SCC.

The Company bills its regulated natural gas customers on a monthly cycle. The billing cycle for most customers does 
not coincide with the accounting periods used for financial reporting.  The Company accrues revenue for estimated 
natural gas delivered to customers but not yet billed during the accounting period. The following month, the unbilled 
estimate is reversed, the actual usage is billed and a new unbilled estimate is calculated. The consolidated financial 
statements include unbilled revenue of $1,041,518 and $1,236,384 as of September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

The Company adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and subsequent guidance and 
amendments effective October 1, 2018.  The adoption of the ASU did not have a significant effect on the Company's 
results of operations, financial position or cash flows as the new guidance resulted in essentially no change in the 
manner and timing in which the Company recognizes revenues.  The primary operation of the Company is the sale and/
or delivery of natural gas to customers (the performance obligation) based on SCC approved tariff rates (the transaction 
price).  The Company recognizes revenue through billed and unbilled customer usage as natural gas is delivered.  The 
Company also recognizes revenue through ARPs, including the WNA.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts - The Company evaluates the collectability of its accounts receivable balances 
based upon a variety of factors including loss history, level of delinquent account balances, collections on previously 
written off accounts and general economic conditions.  The historical model used in valuing reserve for bad debts has 
been consistently applied over the years and has produced reasonable estimates for valuing the potential loss on 
customer accounts receivable.  With the arrival of COVID-19 and the related economic issues that have resulted from 
the pandemic, the estimation of bad debt reserves has become more subjective with greater reliance on qualitative 
assessments and judgement than on quantitative measures.  The potential magnitude of bad debts has been significantly 
increased by the moratorium, which has prevented the Company from disconnecting delinquent customers for non-
payment since March 2020. Continuing business closures and employee layoffs compound the difficulty in estimating 
customers' ability to meet their obligations including payment for their gas service.  The inability to limit losses due to 
the moratorium has significantly affected the Company's ability to estimate the level of bad debt.  Furthermore, 
customers that elect not to pay their gas bill or are fully unable to make payments will continue to increase bad debt 
levels that would otherwise be limited in the absence of such a mandate.  

The Company is committed to working with its customers during these difficult times by providing extended payment 
terms and assisting customers in finding other sources of financial aid.  Furthermore, legislation signed into law in 
Virginia has provided some potential relief to utilities for the higher bad debt levels.  Under the provisions of HB5005, 
enacted subsequent to the end of the current fiscal year, an allotment of CARES Act funds has been made available to 
assist Virginia utilities in covering customer delinquent balances.  The extent to which these funds will provide relief is 
uncertain at this time; however, management will take advantage of assistance that will serve both the interest of the 
Company and its customers.

Pension and Postretirement Benefits - The Company offers a defined benefit pension plan (“pension plan”) and a 
postretirement medical and life insurance plan (“postretirement plan”) to eligible employees.  The expenses and 
liabilities associated with these plans, as disclosed in Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements, are based on 
numerous assumptions and factors, including provisions of the plans, employee demographics, contributions made to 
the plan, return on plan assets and various actuarial calculations, assumptions and accounting requirements.  In regard to 
the pension plan, specific factors include assumptions regarding the discount rate used in determining future benefit 

28

  
obligations, expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, compensation increases and life expectancies.  Similarly, 
the postretirement medical plan also requires the estimation of many of the same factors as the pension plan in addition 
to assumptions regarding the rate of medical inflation and Medicare availability.  Actual results may differ materially 
from the results expected from the actuarial assumptions due to changing economic conditions, differences in actual 
returns on plan assets, different rates of medical inflation, volatility in interest rates and changes in life expectancy.  
Such differences may result in a material impact on the amount of expense recorded in future periods or the value of the 
obligations on the consolidated balance sheet.

In selecting the discount rate to be used in determining the benefit liability, the Company utilized the FTSE Pension 
Discount Curve, which incorporate the rates of return on high-quality, fixed-income investments that corresponded to 
the length and timing of benefit streams expected under both the pension plan and postretirement plan.  The Company 
used a discount rate of 2.47% and 2.44%, respectively, for valuing its pension plan liability and postretirement plan 
liability at September 30, 2020.  These discount rates represent a decline from the 3.03% and 3.00% rates used for 
valuing the corresponding liabilities at September 30, 2019. The reduction in the discount rates corresponds to the 
Federal Reserve's actions to support and stimulate the economy through the reduction in interest rates in response to the 
economic effects arising from COVID.  The yield on the 30-year Treasury declined from 2.12% last year to 1.46% at 
September 30, 2020.  Corporate bond rates experienced a similar decline.  The decline in the discount rates was the 
driving force in increasing the benefit obligations of both the pension and the postretirement plan.  Mortality 
assumptions were based on the PRI-2012 Mortality Table with generational mortality improvements using Projection 
Scale MP-2019 for the current year valuation.

Management has continued to focus on reducing risk in the Company's defined benefit plans with a greater emphasis on 
pension plan risk.  In 2016, the Company offered a one-time, lump-sum payout of the pension benefit to vested former 
employees who were not receiving payments under the plan. In 2017, the Company implemented a "soft freeze" to the 
pension plan whereby employees hired on or after January 1, 2017 would not be eligible to participate.  Employees 
hired prior to that date continue to accrue benefits based on compensation and years of service.  This "soft freeze" 
mirrored the strategy in 2000 when the Company implemented a similar freeze in its postretirement plan. The Company 
has again offered a one-time lump-sum payout option of deferred pension benefits to those current vested terminated 
employees not currently receiving pension benefits.  This offer was made in October 2020 and the lump sum payments 
made December 1, 2020 totaled $717,197 and removed approximately $965,000 in pension plan liabilities.  These 
strategies have served to limit liability growth.

The Company also has focused on its asset investment strategy.  An aggressive funding strategy combined with 
investment returns have allowed pension plan assets to increase by $11.2 million over the last three years, while 
liabilities increased by $10.3 million during the same period for the reasons noted above.  As of September 30, 2020, 
the pension plan is 94% funded. Future pension liability growth associated with increasing market value is limited to 
employees hired prior to the freeze. The Company desired to mitigate the volatility of the pension plan's funded status 
due the effect of changing interest rates on the pension liability.  As the pension liability represents the present value of 
future pension payments, an increase in the discount rate used to value the pension obligation would reduce the liability 
while a reduction in the discount rate would lead to an increase in the pension liability.  As the pension plan's funded 
status has continued to exceed 90%, the Company continued to increase the allocation of the plan's assets to fixed 
income investments as more of the plan's liability change is related to changes in the discount rate and the service 
accrual portion continues to become less of a factor due to the plan being frozen to new employees.  During fiscal 2020, 
the targeted asset allocation transitioned from 40% equity and 60% fixed income to 30% equity and 70% fixed income.  
The fixed income portion of the investments are invested using an LDI approach with the fixed income assets invested 
with a duration that corresponds to the duration of the corresponding liability for benefits.  As a result, the valuation of 
the fixed income investments will move inversely to the corresponding pension liabilities as a result of changes in 
interest rates, which in turn will reduce the volatility in the plan's funded status and expense.  The Company continued 
to retain a 30% investment in equities to provide asset growth potential to offset the growth in pension liability related 
to those employees continuing to accrue benefits.  The Company will continue to evaluate the investment allocation as 
the liabilities mature and the funded status continues to improve and make adjustments as necessary.   The Company 
has not made a change in investment allocation for the postretirement plan assets as increasing medical and insurance 
costs warrant the need for a continued higher allocation to equities for future plan asset growth potential. The 
postretirement plan assets increased by $1.4 million and liabilities decreased by $0.3 million over the last three-year 
period.  

29

A summary of the funded status of both the pension and postretirement plans is provided below:

Funded status - September 30, 2020

Benefit Obligation

Fair value of assets

Funded status

Funded status - September 30, 2019

Benefit Obligation

Fair value of assets

Funded status

Pension

Postretirement

Total

39,998,002  $ 

17,925,409  $ 

57,923,411 

37,657,631 

14,116,253 

51,773,884 

(2,340,371)  $ 

(3,809,156)  $ 

(6,149,527) 

Pension

Postretirement

Total

35,550,987  $ 

18,030,399  $ 

53,581,386 

33,586,671 

13,082,610 

46,669,281 

(1,964,316)  $ 

(4,947,789)  $ 

(6,912,105) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

The Company annually evaluates the returns on its targeted investment allocation model as well as the overall asset 
allocation of its benefit plans.  Understanding the volatility in the markets, the Company reviews both plans' potential 
long-term rate of return with its investment advisors to determine the rates used in each plan's actuarial assumptions.  
Under the current allocation model for the pension plan, management lowered the long-term rate of return assumption 
from 5.50% in fiscal 2020 to 5.40% in fiscal 2021 based on the change in the targeted equity allocation of the pension 
plan assets.  The long-term rate of return was virtually unchanged for the postretirement plan at 4.26% as the asset 
allocation remains at 50% equity and 50% fixed income.  Management will continue to re-evaluate the return 
assumptions and asset allocation and adjust both as market conditions warrant.

Management estimates that, under the current provisions regarding defined benefit pension plans, the Company will 
have no minimum funding requirements next year.  However, the Company currently expects to contribute 
approximately $500,000 to its pension plan and $400,000 to its postretirement plan in fiscal 2021. The Company will 
continue to evaluate its benefit plan funding levels in light of funding requirements and ongoing investment returns and 
make adjustments, as necessary, to avoid benefit restrictions and minimize PBGC premiums.

The following schedule reflects the sensitivity of pension costs to changes in certain actuarial assumptions, assuming 
that the other components of the calculation remain constant.

Actuarial Assumptions - Pension Plan

Discount rate

Rate of return on plan assets

Rate of increase in compensation

Change in 
Assumption

Increase in Pension 
Cost

Increase in 
Projected Benefit 
Obligation

 -0.25 % $ 

161,000  $ 

1,728,000 

 -0.25 %  

 0.25 %  

93,000 

61,000 

N/A

324,000 

The following schedule reflects the sensitivity of postretirement benefit costs from changes in certain actuarial 
assumptions, while the other components of the calculation remain constant.

Actuarial Assumptions - Postretirement Plan

Discount rate

Rate of return on plan assets

Medical claim cost increase

Change in 
Assumption

Increase in 
Postretirement 
Benefit Cost

Increase in 
Accumulated 
Postretirement 
Benefit Obligation

 -0.25 % $ 

42,000  $ 

771,000 

 -0.25 %  

 0.25 %  

32,000 

85,000 

N/A

735,000 

Derivatives - The Company may hedge certain risks incurred in its operation through the use of derivative instruments.  
The Company applies the requirements of FASB ASC No. 815, Derivatives and Hedging, which requires the 
recognition of derivative instruments as assets or liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at fair value.  
In most instances, fair value is based upon quoted futures prices for natural gas commodities and interest rate futures for 
interest rate swaps.  Changes in the commodity and futures markets will impact the estimates of fair value in the future.  
Furthermore, the actual market value at the point of realization of the derivative may be significantly different from the 
values used in determining fair value in prior financial statements.  The Company had three interest-rate swaps 
outstanding at September 30, 2020 related to its three variable rate notes.  See Note 7 to the consolidated financial 
statements for additional information regarding the swaps.

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 7A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

Not applicable.

Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

31

RGC Resources, Inc.
and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Financial Statements
for the Years Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 
and Report of Independent
Registered Public Accounting Firm

32

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Financial Statements for the Years Ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Consolidated Balance Sheets

Consolidated Statements of Income

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page

34

35

37

38

39

40

41

33

 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders
RGC Resources, Inc.
Roanoke, Virginia

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of RGC Resources, Inc. and Subsidiaries (“the Company”) as 
of  September  30,  2020  and  2019,  and  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  income,  comprehensive  income,  stockholders' 
equity,  and  cash  flows  for  each  of  the  years  in  the  two-year  period  ended  September  30,  2020,  and  the  related  notes 
(collectively  referred  to  as  the  financial  statements).  In  our  opinion,  the  financial  statements  present  fairly,  in  all  material 
respects, the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash 
flows  for  each  of  the  years  in  the  two-year  period  ended  September  30,  2020,  in  conformity  with  accounting  principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express 
an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered 
with the Public Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the 
Company  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the  applicable  rules  and  regulations  of  the  Securities  and 
Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB.  Those standards require that we plan and perform 
the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due 
to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform an audit of its internal control over 
financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, 
but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. 
Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due 
to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks.  Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, 
evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  Our audits also included evaluating the accounting 
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial 
statements.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

              CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2006.

Blacksburg, Virginia
December 3, 2020

34

 
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019 

ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:

Cash and cash equivalents

Accounts receivable, net

Materials and supplies

Gas in storage

Prepaid income taxes

Regulatory assets

Other

Total current assets

UTILITY PROPERTY:

In service

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

In service, net

Construction work in progress

Utility plant, net

OTHER ASSETS:

Regulatory assets

Investment in unconsolidated affiliates

Other

Total other assets

TOTAL ASSETS

2020

2019

$ 

291,066  $ 

3,404,044 

1,027,191 

5,708,761 

647,623 

2,503,314 

854,562 
14,436,561 

1,631,348 

3,870,211 

1,021,882 

6,448,307 

1,157,980 

1,521,939 

733,525 
16,385,192 

258,342,372 

237,786,964 

(71,386,537)   

(67,207,334) 

186,955,835 

11,489,258 

198,445,093 

10,970,094 

57,542,805 

284,954 

68,797,853 

170,579,630 

11,423,326 

182,002,956 

12,178,853 

47,375,459 

411,236 

59,965,548 

$ 

281,679,507  $ 

258,353,696 

(Continued)

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:

Dividends payable

Accounts payable

Capital contributions payable

Customer credit balances

Customer deposits

Accrued expenses

Interest rate swaps

Regulatory liabilities

Total current liabilities

LONG-TERM DEBT:

Notes payable

Line-of-credit

Less unamortized debt issuance costs

Long-term debt net of unamortized debt issuance costs

DEFERRED CREDITS AND OTHER LIABILITIES:

Interest rate swaps

Asset retirement obligations

Regulatory cost of retirement obligations

Benefit plan liabilities

Deferred income taxes

Regulatory liabilities

Total deferred credits and other liabilities

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 12)

CAPITALIZATION:
Stockholders’ Equity:

2020

2019

$ 

1,428,268  $ 

4,442,182 

2,512,437 

1,587,061 

1,611,476 

3,565,210 

533,795 

890,313 
16,570,742 

114,975,200 

9,143,606 

1,339,522 

4,483,233 

5,024,824 

880,295 

1,432,031 

3,448,000 

147,556 

4,877,603 
21,633,064 

95,512,200 

8,172,473 

(299,175)   

(313,315) 

123,819,631 

103,371,358 

1,689,761 

7,180,982 

12,678,043 

6,149,527 

13,973,762 

10,729,082 

52,401,157 

746,785 

6,788,683 

11,892,352 

6,912,105 

12,978,523 

10,934,434 

50,252,882 

Common Stock, $5 par value; authorized 20,000,000 and 10,000,000 shares; 
issued and outstanding 8,160,058 and 8,073,264 shares in 2020 and 2019, 
respectively

Preferred stock, no par; authorized 5,000,000 shares; no shares issued and 
outstanding in 2020 and 2019
Capital in excess of par value

Retained earnings

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total stockholders’ equity

40,800,290 

40,366,320 

— 

15,847,121 

35,688,510 

(3,447,944)   

88,887,977 

— 

14,397,072 

30,821,917 

(2,488,917) 

83,096,392 

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

$ 

281,679,507  $ 

258,353,696 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

OPERATING REVENUES:

Gas utilities

Other

Total operating revenues

OPERATING EXPENSES:

Cost of gas - utility

Cost of sales - non utility

Operations and maintenance

General taxes

Depreciation and amortization

Total operating expenses

OPERATING INCOME

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate

Other income, net

Interest expense

INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAX EXPENSE

NET INCOME

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE:

Basic

Diluted

WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING:

Basic

Diluted

2020

2019

$ 

62,408,925  $ 

67,306,260 

666,466 

63,075,391 

23,949,481 

341,985 

16,180,229 

2,194,789 

7,890,725 
50,557,209 

12,518,182 

4,814,874 

636,296 

4,099,158 

13,870,194 

3,305,660 

10,564,534  $ 

720,265 

68,026,525 

32,401,123 

419,851 

14,089,019 

2,066,794 

7,454,274 
56,431,061 

11,595,464 

3,020,348 

351,882 

3,618,551 

11,349,143 

2,650,731 

8,698,412 

1.30  $ 

1.30  $ 

1.08 

1.08 

8,125,938 

8,146,666 

8,039,484 

8,078,950 

$ 

$ 

$ 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019 

NET INCOME

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax:

Interest rate swaps

Defined benefit plans

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS, NET OF TAX

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

2020

2019

$ 

10,564,534  $ 

8,698,412 

(987,076)   

28,049 

(894,761) 

(722,488) 

(959,027)   

(1,617,249) 

$ 

9,605,507  $ 

7,081,163 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

Balance - September 30, 2018

$  39,973,075  $  13,043,656  $  27,438,049  $ 

(871,668)  $  79,583,112 

Common
Stock

Capital in
Excess of
Par Value

Retained
Earnings

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

Total
Stockholders’
Equity

Net income

Other comprehensive loss

— 

— 

— 

— 

Exercise of stock options (31,508 shares)

157,540 

254,639 

Cash dividends declared ($0.66 per share)

— 

— 

(5,314,544)   

Issuance of common stock (47,141 shares)

235,705 

1,098,777 

— 

8,698,412 

— 

8,698,412 

— 

— 

(1,617,249)   

(1,617,249) 

— 

— 

— 

412,179 

(5,314,544) 

1,334,482 

Balance - September 30, 2019

$  40,366,320  $  14,397,072  $  30,821,917  $  (2,488,917)  $  83,096,392 

Net income

Other comprehensive loss

— 
— 

— 
— 

  10,564,534 
— 

— 

(959,027)   

Exercise of stock options (29,992 shares)

149,960 

Stock option grants

Cash dividends declared ($0.70 per share)

— 

— 

289,548 

81,380 

— 

— 

— 

(5,697,941)   

Issuance costs

Issuance of common stock (56,802 shares)
Balance - September 30, 2020

— 
284,010 

(147,517)   
1,226,638 

— 
— 

$  40,800,290  $  15,847,121  $  35,688,510  $  (3,447,944)  $  88,887,977 

10,564,534 
(959,027) 

439,508 

81,380 

(5,697,941) 

(147,517) 
1,510,648 

— 

— 

— 

— 
— 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

39

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operations:

2020

2019

$ 

10,564,534  $ 

8,698,412 

Depreciation and amortization
Cost of retirement of utility plant, net
Stock option grants
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate
Allowance for funds used during construction
Deferred income taxes
Other noncash items, net

Changes in assets and liabilities which provided (used) cash:

Accounts receivable and customer deposits, net
Inventories and gas in storage
Regulatory and other assets
Accounts payable, customer credit balances and accrued expenses, net
Regulatory liabilities

Total adjustments
Net cash provided by operating activities

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Expenditures for utility property
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate
Proceeds from disposal of utility property

Net cash used in investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

Borrowings under line-of-credit
Repayments under line-of-credit
Proceeds from issuance of unsecured notes
Retirement of notes payable
Debt issuance expenses
Proceeds from issuance of stock
Cash dividends paid

Net cash provided by financing activities

NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the year for:

Interest
Income taxes

$ 

$ 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

40

8,126,427 
(544,696)   
81,380 
(4,814,874)   
(330,208)   
1,122,303 
1,837,089 

53,213 
734,237 
(677,488)   
659,276 
(3,987,290)   
2,259,369 
12,823,903 

(22,916,339)   
(7,864,859)   
60,187 

(30,721,011)   

24,341,134 
(23,370,002)   
19,463,000 
— 

(70,750)   

1,802,639 
(5,609,195)   
16,556,826 
(1,340,282)   
1,631,348 

291,066  $ 

7,600,852 
(443,586) 
— 
(3,020,348) 
— 
684,028 
488,202 

(122,165) 
1,070,896 
(156,799) 
(2,745,377) 
2,643,589 
5,999,292 
14,697,704 

(21,884,317) 
(20,965,907) 
20,219 
(42,830,005) 

33,735,144 
(32,923,688) 
56,269,000 
(24,000,000) 
(93,104) 
1,746,661 
(5,217,775) 
29,516,238 
1,383,937 
247,411 
1,631,348 

3,845,382  $ 
1,673,000 

3,328,130 
2,287,000 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
YEARS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 AND 2019 

1. 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation—RGC Resources, Inc. is an energy services company primarily engaged in the sale and 
distribution of natural gas. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Resources and its wholly 
owned subsidiaries: Roanoke Gas, Diversified Energy and Midstream. Roanoke Gas is a natural gas utility, which 
distributes and sells natural gas to approximately 62,000 residential, commercial and industrial customers within its 
service areas in Roanoke, Virginia and the surrounding localities. The Company’s business is seasonal in nature as a 
majority of natural gas sales are for space heating during the winter season. Roanoke Gas is regulated by the SCC. 
Midstream is a wholly-owned subsidiary created primarily to invest in the Mountain Valley Pipeline project. 
Diversified Energy is inactive.

The Company follows accounting and reporting standards established by the FASB and the SEC.

Under the rules for smaller reporting companies, certain disclosures previously required are reduced or eliminated.  As 
it has met the qualifications under the definition of smaller reporting company, the Company has used the smaller 
reporting company exceptions.

Rate Regulated Basis of Accounting—The Company’s regulated operations follow the accounting and reporting 
requirements of FASB ASC No. 980, Regulated Operations. The economic effects of regulation can result in a 
regulated company deferring costs that have been or are expected to be recovered from customers in a period different 
from the period in which the costs would be charged to expense by an unregulated enterprise. When this situation 
occurs, costs are deferred as assets in the consolidated balance sheet (regulatory assets) and recorded as expenses when 
such amounts are reflected in rates. Additionally, regulators can impose liabilities upon a regulated company for 
amounts previously collected from customers and for current collection in rates of costs that are expected to be 
incurred in the future (regulatory liabilities). In the event the provisions of FASB ASC No. 980 no longer apply to any 
or all regulatory assets or liabilities, the Company would write off such amounts and include them in the consolidated 
statements of income and comprehensive income in the period which FASB ASC No. 980 no longer applied.

41

Regulatory assets and liabilities included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2020 and 
2019 are as follows: 

Assets:

Current Assets:

Regulatory assets:

Accrued WNA revenues
Under-recovery of gas costs

     Under-recovery of SAVE Plan revenues

ESAC assets
Accrued pension and postretirement medical
Other deferred expenses
Total current

Utility Property:
In service:
Other

Construction work in progress:

AFUDC

Other Assets:

Regulatory assets:

Premium on early retirement of debt
Accrued pension and postretirement medical
ESAC assets
Other deferred expenses
Total non-current

Total regulatory assets
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:

Current Liabilities:

Regulatory liabilities:

Over-recovery of gas costs
WNA

            Over-recovery of SAVE Plan revenues

       Rate refund

Excess deferred income taxes
Other deferred liabilities
Total current
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:

Asset retirement obligations
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations
Regulatory liabilities:

Excess deferred income taxes
Total non-current

Total regulatory liabilities

September 30

2020

2019

$ 

—  $ 

1,733,718 

108,550 
— 
576,731 
84,315 
2,503,314 

569,558 
— 

— 
265,392 
602,674 
84,315 
1,521,939 

11,945 

11,945 

330,208 

— 

1,598,620 
9,156,546 
— 
214,928 
10,970,094 

1,712,808 
9,414,695 
756,803 
294,547 
12,178,853 

$ 

13,815,561  $ 

13,712,737 

$ 

—  $ 

601,784 
— 
— 
205,353 
83,176 
890,313 

161,837 
— 
574,181 
3,827,588 
205,353 
108,644 
4,877,603 

7,180,982 
12,678,043 

6,788,683 
11,892,352 

10,729,082 
30,588,107  $ 

10,934,434 
29,615,469 

31,478,420  $ 

34,493,072 

$ 

$ 

Amortization of regulatory assets of $1,106,511 and $368,011 for the years ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, 
respectively, is included in operations and maintenance expense on the consolidated statements of income. See Note 3 
for information on accelerated ESAC amortization.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company had regulatory assets in the amount of $13,803,616 on which the Company 
did not earn a return during the recovery period.

42

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Utility Plant and Depreciation—Utility plant is stated at original cost and includes direct labor and materials, 
contractor costs, and all allocable overhead charges. The Company applies the group method of accounting, where the 
costs of like assets are aggregated and depreciated by applying a rate based on the average expected useful life of the 
assets. In accordance with Company policy, expenditures for depreciable assets with a life greater than one year are 
capitalized, along with any upgrades or improvements to existing assets, when they significantly improve or extend the 
original expected useful life of an asset. Expenditures for maintenance, repairs, and minor renewals and betterments 
are expensed as incurred. The original cost of depreciable property retired is removed from utility plant and charged to 
accumulated depreciation. The cost of asset removals, less salvage, is charged to “regulatory cost of retirement 
obligations” or “asset retirement obligations” as explained under Asset Retirement Obligations below. 

Utility plant is composed of the following major classes of assets:

Distribution and transmission

LNG storage

General and miscellaneous

Total utility plant in service

September 30

2020

2019

$ 

227,753,620  $ 

209,171,339 

14,798,453 

15,790,299 

13,417,077 

15,198,548 

$ 

258,342,372  $ 

237,786,964 

Provisions for depreciation are computed principally at composite straight-line rates over a range of periods. Rates are 
determined by depreciation studies which are required to be performed at least every 5 years on the regulated utility 
assets of Roanoke Gas. In September 2019, the SCC staff approved the Company's most recent depreciation study. The 
SCC directed the Company to implement the new rates retroactive to October 1, 2018.  As a result of the new rates, the 
composite weighted-average depreciation rate was 3.30% and 3.31% for the years ended September 30, 2020 and 
2019, respectively.  The implementation of the new depreciation rates reduced total depreciation expense by $32,570 
for fiscal 2019 and increased net income by $24,187 or less than $0.01 per share.

The composite rates are composed of two components, one based on average service life and one based on cost of 
retirement. As a result, the Company accrues the estimated cost of retirement of long-lived assets through depreciation 
expense. These retirement costs are not a legal obligation but rather the result of cost-based regulation and are 
accounted for under the provisions of FASB ASC No. 980. Such amounts are classified as a regulatory liability.

The Company reviews long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles for impairment whenever events or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. These reviews have not 
identified any impairments which would have a material effect on the results of operations or financial condition.

In fiscal 2020, Roanoke Gas implemented the application of AFUDC related to infrastructure investments associated 
with two gate stations that will interconnect with the MVP. This treatment allows capitalizing both the equity and debt 
financing costs during the construction phases. For the year ended September 30, 2020, the Company capitalized 
$81,629 of debt financing costs and $248,579 of equity financing costs, thereby affecting the interest expense and 
other income, net lines, respectively, of the related consolidated statements of income. See Note 3 for further 
information.

Asset Retirement Obligations—FASB ASC No. 410, Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations, requires 
entities to record the fair value of a liability for an ARO when there exists a legal obligation for the retirement of the 
asset. When the liability is initially recorded, the entity capitalizes the cost, thereby increasing the carrying amount of 
the underlying asset. In subsequent periods, the liability is accreted, and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the 
useful life of the underlying asset. The Company has recorded AROs for its future legal obligations related to purging 
and capping its distribution mains and services upon retirement, although the timing of such retirements is uncertain.

The Company’s composite depreciation rates include a component to provide for the cost of retirement of assets. As a 
result, the Company accrues the estimated cost of retirement of its utility plant through depreciation expense and 
creates a corresponding regulatory liability. The costs of retirement considered in the development of the depreciation 
component include those costs associated with the legal liability. Therefore, the ARO is reclassified from the 
regulatory cost of retirement obligation. If the legal obligations were to exceed the regulatory liability provided for in 
the depreciation rates, the Company would establish a regulatory asset for such difference with the anticipation of 
future recovery through rates charged to customers. 

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
The following is a summary of the AROs:

Beginning balance
Liabilities incurred
Liabilities settled
Accretion
Ending balance

Years Ended September 30

2020
6,788,683  $ 
165,524 
(150,345)   
377,120 
7,180,982  $ 

2019
6,417,948 
177,646 
(177,755) 
370,844 
6,788,683 

$ 

$ 

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments—From time to time, the Company will have balances on 
deposit at banks in excess of the amount insured by the FDIC. The Company has not experienced any losses on these 
accounts and does not consider these amounts to be at credit risk. As of September 30, 2020, the Company did not 
have any bank deposits in excess of the FDIC insurance limits. For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash 
flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months 
or less to be cash equivalents.

Customer Receivables and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts—Accounts receivable include amounts billed to 
customers for natural gas sales and related services and gas sales occurring subsequent to normal billing cycles but 
before the end of the period. The Company provides an estimate for losses on these receivables by utilizing historical 
information, current account balances, account aging and current economic conditions. Customer accounts are charged 
off annually when deemed uncollectible or when turned over to a collection agency for action.

A reconciliation of changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts is as follows: 

Beginning balance
Provision for doubtful accounts
Recoveries of accounts written off
Accounts written off
Ending balance

Years Ended September 30

2020

2019

$ 

$ 

110,743  $ 
556,112 
139,113 
(102,828)   
703,140  $ 

103,573 
220,039 
96,614 
(309,483) 
110,743 

Due to the impact of COVID-19 on businesses and individuals, both bad debt expense and associated allowance for 
doubtful accounts increased significantly over prior years. See Note 3 for additional information, including regulatory 
restrictions, that contributed to the increase.

Financing Receivables—Financing receivables represent a contractual right to receive money either on demand, or on 
fixed or determinable dates, and are recognized as assets on the entity’s balance sheet.  Trade receivables, resulting 
from the sale of natural gas and other services to customers, are the Company's primary type of financing receivables.  
These receivables are short-term in nature with a provision for uncollectible balances included in the consolidated 
financial statements. 

Inventories—Natural gas in storage and materials and supplies inventories are recorded at average cost. Natural gas 
storage injections are priced at the purchase cost at the time of injection and storage withdrawals are priced at the 
weighted average cost of gas in storage. Materials and supplies are removed from inventory at average cost.

Unbilled Revenues—The Company bills its natural gas customers on a monthly cycle; however, the billing cycle 
period for most customers does not coincide with the accounting periods used for financial reporting. As the Company 
recognizes revenue when gas is delivered, an accrual is made to estimate revenues for natural gas delivered to 
customers but not billed during the accounting period. The amounts of unbilled revenue receivable included in 
accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2020 and 2019 were $1,041,518 and 
$1,236,384, respectively.

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income Taxes—Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method. Under the asset and liability 
method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to 
differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax 
bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which those 
temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance against deferred tax assets is 
provided if it is more likely than not the deferred tax asset will not be realized. The Company and its subsidiaries file 
state and federal consolidated income tax returns.

Debt Expenses—Debt issuance expenses are deferred and amortized over the lives of the debt instruments.  The 
unamortized balances are offset against the carrying value of long-term debt.

Over/Under-Recovery of Natural Gas Costs—Pursuant to the provisions of the Company’s PGA clause, the SCC 
provides the Company with a method of passing along to its customers increases or decreases in natural gas costs 
incurred by its regulated operations, including gains and losses on natural gas derivative hedging instruments. On at 
least a quarterly basis, the Company files a PGA rate adjustment request with the SCC to increase or decrease the gas 
cost component of its rates, based on projected price and activity. Once administrative approval is received, the 
Company adjusts the gas cost component of its rates to reflect the approved amount. As actual costs will differ from 
the projections used in establishing the PGA rate, the Company may either over-recover or under-recover its actual gas 
costs during the period. Any difference between actual costs incurred and costs recovered through the application of 
the PGA is recorded as a regulatory asset or liability. At the end of the deferral period, the balance of the net deferred 
charge or credit is amortized over an ensuing 12-month period as amounts are reflected in customer bills.

Fair Value—Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an 
orderly transaction between willing market participants at the measurement date. The Company determines fair value 
based on the following fair value hierarchy which prioritizes each input to the valuation methods into one of the 
following three broad levels:

•

•

•

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that 
the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices in Level 1 that are either for similar assets or 
liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in 
markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset 
or liability, or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable 
market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability where there is little, if any, market 
activity which require the Company to develop its own assumptions.

The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) and the 
lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). All fair value disclosures are categorized within one of the three 
categories in the hierarchy. See fair value disclosures below and in Notes 9 and 13.

Use of Estimates—The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires 
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of 
contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during 
the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Excise and Sales Taxes—Certain excise and sales taxes imposed by the state and local governments in the Company’s 
service territory are collected by the Company from its customers. These taxes are accounted for on a net basis and 
therefore are not included as revenues in the Company’s consolidated income statements.

45

Earnings Per Share—Basic EPS and diluted EPS are calculated by dividing net income by the weighted-average 
common shares outstanding during the period and the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period 
plus dilutive potential common shares, respectively. Dilutive potential common shares are calculated in accordance 
with the treasury stock method, which assumes that proceeds from the exercise of all options are used to repurchase 
common stock at market value. The amount of shares remaining after the proceeds are exhausted represents the 
potentially dilutive effect of the securities. A reconciliation of basic and diluted EPS is presented below: 

Net Income

Weighted-average common shares

Effect of dilutive securities:

Options to purchase common stock

Diluted average common shares

Earnings Per Share of Common Stock:

       Basic

       Diluted

Years Ended September 30

2020

$ 

10,564,534  $ 

8,125,938 

20,728 

8,146,666 

2019

8,698,412 

8,039,484 

39,466 

8,078,950 

$ 

$ 

1.30  $ 

1.30  $ 

1.08 

1.08 

Business and Credit Concentrations—The primary business of the Company is the distribution of natural gas to 
residential, commercial and industrial customers in its service territories.

No sales to individual customers accounted for more than 5% of total revenue in any period or amounted to more than 
5% of total accounts receivable.

Roanoke Gas currently holds the only franchises and CPCNs to distribute natural gas in its service area. These 
franchises are effective through January 1, 2036. The Company's current CPCNs in Virginia are exclusive and are 
intended for perpetual duration.

Roanoke Gas is served directly by two primary pipelines that provide all of the natural gas supplied to the Company’s 
customers. Depending upon weather conditions and the level of customer demand, failure of one or both of these 
transmission pipelines could have a major adverse impact on the Company.

Derivative and Hedging Activities—FASB ASC No. 815, Derivatives and Hedging, requires the recognition of all 
derivative instruments as assets or liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and measurement of those 
instruments at fair value.

The Company’s hedging and derivatives policy allows management to enter into derivatives for the purpose of 
managing the commodity and financial market risks of its business operations. The Company’s hedging and 
derivatives policy specifically prohibits the use of derivatives for speculative purposes. The key market risks that the 
Company may hedge against include the price of natural gas and the cost of borrowed funds. 

The Company historically has entered into collars, swaps and caps for the purpose of hedging the price of natural gas 
in order to provide price stability during the winter months. The fair value of these instruments is recorded in the 
consolidated balance sheets with the offsetting entry to either under- or over-recovery of gas costs. Net income and 
other comprehensive income are not affected by the change in market value as any cost incurred or benefit received 
from these instruments is recoverable or refunded through the PGA as the SCC allows for full recovery of prudent 
costs associated with natural gas purchases. At September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company had no outstanding 
derivative instruments for the purchase of natural gas.

The Company has three interest rate swaps associated with its variable rate debt.  Roanoke Gas has a swap on its 
$7,000,000 term note that effectively converts the variable interest rate into a 2.30% fixed interest rate. In June 2019, 
Midstream entered into two variable-rate term notes in the amount of $14,000,000 and $10,000,000 with 
corresponding swap agreements to convert the variable interest rates into fixed rates of 3.24% and 3.14%, respectively.  
All swaps qualify as a cash flow hedge with changes in fair value reported in other comprehensive income. Any cash 
flows from interest rate swaps are classified as interest expense. No portion of the swaps were deemed ineffective 
during the period.

See Notes 7 and 13 for additional information on the swaps and fair value.

46

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-Cash Activity — A non-cash decrease in unconsolidated affiliate and corresponding decrease in capital 
contributions payable of $2,512,387 and $5,117,942 occurred for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, 
respectively.

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)—A summary of other comprehensive income is provided below:

Year Ended September 30, 2020:
Interest rate swaps:

       Unrealized losses

       Transfer of realized losses to interest expense

Net interest rate swaps

Defined benefit plans:

       Net loss arising during period

       Amortization of actuarial losses

Net defined benefit plans

Other comprehensive loss
Year Ended September 30, 2019:
Interest rate swaps:

       Unrealized losses

       Transfer of realized gains to interest expense

Net interest rate swaps

Defined benefit plans:

       Net loss arising during period

       Amortization of actuarial gains

Net defined benefit plans

Other comprehensive loss

Before Tax
Amount

Tax
(Expense)
or Benefit

Net of Tax
Amount

$ 

(1,594,126)  $ 

410,328  $ 

(1,183,798) 

264,911 

(68,189)   

(1,329,215)   

342,139 

$ 

$ 

(52,669)  $ 

13,557  $ 

90,441 

37,772 
(1,291,443)  $ 

(23,280)   

(9,723)   
332,416  $ 

196,722 

(987,076) 

(39,112) 

67,161 

28,049 
(959,027) 

$ 

(1,117,595)  $ 

287,669  $ 

(829,926) 

(87,309)   

(1,204,904)   

22,474 

310,143 

(64,835) 

(894,761) 

$ 

(962,612)  $ 

247,777  $ 

(714,835) 

(10,305)   

(972,917)   

2,652 

250,429 

(7,653) 

(722,488) 

$ 

(2,177,821)  $ 

560,572  $ 

(1,617,249) 

The amortization of actuarial gains or losses are included as a component of net periodic pension and postretirement 
benefit costs under other income, net.

Composition of AOCI: 

Balance September 30, 2018

Other comprehensive loss

Balance September 30, 2019

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Balance September 30, 2020

Interest Rate
Swaps

Defined Benefit
Plans

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)

230,624 

(1,102,292)   

(871,668) 

(894,761)   

(722,488)   

(1,617,249) 

(664,137)   

(1,824,780)   

(2,488,917) 

(987,076)   

28,049 

(959,027) 

$ 

(1,651,213)  $ 

(1,796,731)  $ 

(3,447,944) 

The reclassification related to the interest rate swap was charged to regulatory liability to offset the adjustment made 
when revaluing the deferred tax liability of the interest rate swap for the reduction in corporate income tax rates.

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. This ASU leaves the accounting for leases mostly 
unchanged for lessors, with the exception of targeted improvements for consistency; however, the new guidance 
requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with terms of more than 12 months. The ASU also revises 
the definition of a lease as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified 
property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Under prior GAAP,  the presentation 
and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee primarily depended on its classification as a finance or operating lease. 
The new ASU requires both types of leases to be recognized on the balance sheet. In addition, the new guidance 
includes quantitative and qualitative disclosure requirements to aid financial statement users in better understanding 
the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases.  In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 
2018-01, which provides a practical expedient that allows entities the option of not evaluating existing land easements 
under the new lease standard for those easements that were entered into prior to adoption.  New or modified land 
easements will require evaluation on a prospective basis. The new guidance is effective for the Company for the 
annual reporting period ending September 30, 2020 and interim periods within that annual period. 

The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 and related guidance effective October 1, 2019. At the time of adoption, the 
Company had one operating lease.  This lease calls for quarterly payments in the amount of $3,240 and is set to expire 
in September 2021. As the value of this lease obligation was determined to be de minimis and the Company has not 
entered into any additional lease obligations, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's 
financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting For 
Hedging Activities. The ASU is meant to simplify recognition and presentation guidance in an effort to improve 
financial reporting of cash flow and fair value hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity's 
risk management activities. This is achieved through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for 
qualifying hedging relationships, as well as changes to the presentation of hedge results.  The Company adopted the 
new guidance effective October 1, 2019.  As the Company currently has only cash flow hedges and no portion of these 
hedges were deemed ineffective during the periods presented, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the 
Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows. 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 
350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a 
Service Contract. This ASU reduces the complexity of accounting for costs of implementing a cloud computing 
service arrangement and aligns the following requirements to capitalize implementation costs: 1) those incurred in a 
hosting arrangement that is a service contract, and 2) those incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software, 
including hosting arrangements that include an internal software license.  The Company adopted the new guidance 
effective October 1, 2019. The new guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial 
statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - 
General (Subtopic 715-20) - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit 
Plans. This ASU modifies disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other 
postretirement plans. The new guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 
30, 2021. Early adoption is permitted. Management has not completed its evaluation of the new guidance; however, 
the ASU only modifies disclosure requirements and will not affect financial position, results of operations or cash 
flows.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) - Facilitation of the Effects of 
Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This ASU provides temporary optional guidance to ease the potential 
burden in accounting for and recognizing the effects of reference rate change on financial reporting.  The new 
guidance applies specifically to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR, or any other referenced rate 
that is expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform.  The new guidance is effective for the Company 
through December 31, 2022.  Management has not yet completed its evaluation of the new guidance; however, as the 
Company has several contracts and hedging relationships that currently reference LIBOR, this new guidance could 
impact the Company's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows for the period through which the ASU is 
effective. 

48

Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standard–setting bodies are not 
currently applicable to the Company or are not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial 
position, results of operations and cash flows.

2.

REVENUE

The Company assesses new contracts and identifies related performance obligations for promises to transfer distinct 
goods or services to the customer. Revenue is recognized when performance obligations have been satisfied. In the 
case of Roanoke Gas, the Company contracts with its customers for the sale and/or delivery of natural gas.

The following tables summarize revenue by customer, product and income statement classification for the years ended 
September 30:

Gas utility

Non-utility

Total operating revenues

2020

Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):

Residential

$ 

37,022,219  $ 

Gas utility

Non-utility

Total operating revenues

Commercial
Industrial and Transportation

Other

Total contracts with customers

Alternative Revenue Programs

Total operating revenues

Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):

Residential

Commercial

Industrial and Transportation
Revenue reductions (TCJA) (1)
Other

Total contracts with customers

Alternative Revenue Programs

$ 

$ 

18,387,674   
5,188,069   

489,943   

61,087,905   

1,321,020   

62,408,925  $ 

39,519,618  $ 

22,562,265   

4,770,657   

(523,881)  

592,156   

66,920,815   

385,445   

—  $ 

—   
—   

666,466   

666,466   

—   

666,466  $ 

2019

37,022,219 

18,387,674 
5,188,069 

1,156,409 

61,754,371 

1,321,020 

63,075,391 

—  $ 

—   

—   

—   

720,265   

720,265   

—   

720,265  $ 

39,519,618 

22,562,265 

4,770,657 

(523,881) 

1,312,421 

67,641,080 

385,445 

68,026,525 

Total operating revenues

$ 

67,306,260  $ 

(1)

 Accrued refund associated with excess revenue collected in tariff rates associated with the reduction in federal income tax rates.

Gas utility revenues

Substantially all of Roanoke Gas’ revenues are derived from rates authorized by the SCC through its tariffs. Based on 
its evaluation, the Company has concluded that these tariff-based revenues fall within the scope of ASC 606. Tariff 
rates represent the transaction price. Performance obligations created under these tariff-based sales include commodity 
(the cost of natural gas sold to customers) and delivery (transporting natural gas through the Company’s distribution 
system to customers). The delivery of natural gas to customers results in the satisfaction of the Company’s respective 
performance obligations over time.  

All customers are billed monthly based on consumption as measured by metered usage. Revenue is recognized as bills 
are issued for natural gas that has been delivered or transported. In addition, the Company utilizes the practical 
expedient that allows an entity to recognize the invoiced amount as revenue, if that amount corresponds to the value 
received by the customer.  Since customers are billed tariff rates, there is no variable consideration in the transaction 
price.

Unbilled revenue is included in residential and commercial revenues above. Natural gas consumption is estimated for 
the period subsequent to the last billed date and up through the last day of the month. Estimated volumes and approved 

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
tariff rates are utilized to calculate unbilled revenue. The following month, the unbilled estimate is reversed, the actual 
usage is billed and a new unbilled estimate is calculated. The Company obtains metered usage for industrial customers 
at the end of each month, thereby eliminating any unbilled consideration for these rate classes.

Other revenues

Other revenues primarily consist of miscellaneous fees and charges, utility-related revenues not directly billed to utility 
customers and billings for non-utility activities.  Non-utility (unregulated) activities provided by the Company include 
contract paving and other similar services.  Regarding these activities, the customer is invoiced monthly based on 
services provided. The Company utilizes the practical expedient allowing revenue to be recognized based on invoiced 
amounts. The transaction price is based on a contractually predetermined rate schedule; therefore, the transaction price 
represents total value to the customer and no variable price consideration exists.  

Alternative Revenue Program revenues

ARPs, which fall outside the scope of ASC 606, are SCC approved mechanisms that allow for the adjustment of 
revenues for certain broad, external factors, or for additional billings if the entity achieves certain performance targets. 
The Company's ARPs include its WNA, which adjusts revenues for the effects of weather temperature variations as 
compared to the 30-year average, and the SAVE Plan over/under collection mechanism, which adjusts revenues for the 
differences between SAVE Plan revenues billed to customers and the revenues earned, as calculated based on the 
timing and extent of infrastructure replacement completed during the period. These amounts are ultimately collected 
from, or returned to, customers through future rate changes approved by the SCC. 

Customer Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable, as reflected in the consolidated balance sheets, includes both billed and unbilled customer 
revenues, as well as amounts that are not related to customers.  The balances of customer receivables are provided 
below:   

September 30, 2019

September 30, 2020

Increase (decrease)
(1)

Current Assets

Current Liabilities

Trade accounts 
receivable (1)

Unbilled revenue (1)

Customer credit 
balances

Customer deposits

$ 

$ 

2,590,702  $ 

1,236,384  $ 

880,295  $ 

1,432,031 

2,343,492   

1,041,518 

1,587,061   

1,611,476 

(247,210) $ 

(194,866)  $ 

706,766  $ 

179,445 

 Included in "Accounts receivable, net" in the consolidated balance sheet. Amounts shown net of reserve for bad debts.

The Company had no significant contract assets or liabilities during the period. Furthermore, the Company did not 
incur any significant costs to obtain contracts. 

3. 

REGULATORY MATTERS

The SCC exercises regulatory authority over the natural gas operations of Roanoke Gas. Such regulation encompasses 
terms, conditions and rates to be charged to customers for natural gas service, safety standards, service extension, and 
depreciation.

On October 10, 2018, Roanoke Gas filed a general rate case application requesting an increase in annual customer 
non-gas base rates.  This application incorporated into the non-gas rate the impact of tax reform, non-SAVE utility 
plant investment, increased operating costs, recovery of regulatory assets associated with eligible safety activity costs 
and SAVE Plan investments and related costs previously recovered through the SAVE Rider. The new non-gas rates 
were placed in effect on an interim basis for service rendered on or after January 1, 2019, subject to refund pending 
audit and final order by the SCC.

On January 24, 2020, the SCC issued its final order on the general rate application. Under the provisions of this order, 
Roanoke Gas was granted an annualized non-gas rate increase of $7.25 million and provided for a 9.44% return on 
equity. In addition, the final order directed the Company to write-down a portion of the ESAC assets deemed not 
eligible for recovery. As a result, ESAC regulatory assets were written down approximately $317,000 in the first 

50

 
 
quarter of fiscal 2020. In March 2020, the Company completed the refund of $3.8 million for revenues collected from 
the interim rates in excess of the final approved rates, including interest.

The final order did not provide for a return on Roanoke Gas infrastructure investments associated with two gate 
stations that will interconnect with the MVP; however, the order did provide for the ability to defer financing costs 
related to these investments for consideration of future recovery. The Company is deferring these costs through the 
application of AFUDC, which capitalizes both the equity and debt financing costs during the construction phases. 
Roanoke Gas applied AFUDC treatment retroactively to January 1, 2019, the date new non-gas rates became effective. 
The January 1, 2019 date was affirmed by the Commission in its October 1, 2020 order in the Company’s 2019 annual 
informational filing docket. Amounts capitalized are disclosed in the Utility Plant and Depreciation section of Note 1.

In 2020, Roanoke Gas accelerated amortization of the $525,000 remaining balance of its ESAC assets. This 
acceleration was the result of the Company's earnings test for fiscal 2020. The SCC requires regulated utilities with 
certain regulatory assets to perform and submit an annual earnings test. The Company's earnings test is required for its 
fiscal year ended September 30, 2020 and must be filed with the SCC in January 2021. Specific to ESAC assets, if the 
results indicate that earnings exceed the mid-point of its authorized return on equity range, the Company must write-
down certain regulatory assets to the point where the actual return for the period falls to the mid-point. As Roanoke 
Gas' fiscal 2020 unadjusted earnings exceeded the mid-point, the Company accelerated amortization of the related 
ESAC assets.

On March 16, 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the SCC issued an order applicable to all utilities 
operating in Virginia to suspend disconnection of service for non-payment by any customer until May 15, 2020, which 
was subsequently extended to October 5, 2020. These moratorium orders prohibited utilities from disconnecting any 
customer for non-payment of natural gas service and also prohibited utilities from assessing late payment fees. As a 
result, the amount of current receivables and future billings that may ultimately become uncollectible will likely 
increase. In October 2020, during the special session of the Virginia General Assembly, HB5005 was enacted and 
extended the moratorium until the Governor determines that the economic and public health conditions have improved 
such that the prohibition does not need to be in place, or until at least 60 days after such declared state of emergency 
ends, whichever is sooner. Therefore, the Company has increased its provision for uncollectible accounts, based on 
information currently available and the expected continued aging of its accounts receivable at September 30, 2020. 
These estimates are subject to revision as the financial impact of COVID-19 continues to ripple through the economy.

As referenced in Note 8, the TCJA reduced the federal corporate tax rate to 21%.  The Company revalued its deferred 
tax assets and liabilities to reflect the new federal tax rate.  Under the provisions of ASC 740, the corresponding 
adjustment to deferred income taxes generally flows directly to income tax expense.  For rate regulated entities such as 
Roanoke Gas, these excess deferred taxes were originally recovered from its customers based on billing rates derived 
using a federal income tax rate of 34%.  Therefore, the adjustment to the net deferred tax liabilities of Roanoke Gas, to 
the extent such net deferred tax liabilities are attributable to rate base or cost of service, are refundable to customers. 
Roanoke Gas began accounting for the refund of these excess deferred taxes in fiscal 2018 along with reflecting a 
corresponding reduction in income tax expense.  As of September 30, 2020, Roanoke Gas had approximately 
$11,000,000 remaining in the net regulatory liability related to these excess deferred income taxes, the majority of 
which will be refunded over a 28 year period per IRS normalization requirements.

The Company transitioned to a corporate federal income tax rate of 21% and a combined 25.74% state and federal tax 
rate in fiscal 2019.  In January 2018, the SCC issued a directive requiring the accrual of a regulatory liability for excess 
revenues collected from customers attributable to the higher federal income tax rate, included as a component of 
customer billing rates, until such time as the SCC approved revised billing rates incorporating the lower tax rate. The 
Company refunded the excess revenues associated with the change in the tax rate over a 12-month period ended 
December 2019.

In June 2019, the Company submitted its updated depreciation study with the SCC staff.  The depreciation study, 
which is based on average remaining service life, resulted in an overall composite weighted-average depreciation rate 
of 3.31% for fiscal 2019.  In September 2019, the SCC staff approved the depreciation study filing and instructed the 
Company to implement the new rates retroactive to October 1, 2018.  As a result, the Company recorded a $32,570 
reduction in annual depreciation expense for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019. See Note 1 for more 
information.

51

In May 2020, the Company filed with the SCC its most recent SAVE Plan and Rider update.  The SAVE Plan provides 
a mechanism for the Company to recover the related depreciation and expenses and return on rate base of its 
infrastructure replacement program.  In addition to the continued renewal of first generation plastic mains and related 
services, coated steel tubing services and specifically identified gate stations, the application proposes that the SAVE 
Plan be amended to include the renewal or removal of certain regulator stations and the renewal of pre-1971 coated 
steel mains and coated steel services.  In September 2020, the SCC issued a final order on the SAVE Plan authorizing 
a SAVE Rider that provides up to $2.3 million in revenue in fiscal 2021 for SAVE Plan investment since January 1, 
2019 and proposed fiscal 2021 SAVE investment.  The SCC also approved the true-up factor to provide for the refund 
of approximately $73,000 in over-collected balance from the 2019 SAVE Plan.

4.

SEGMENT INFORMATION

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available 
and is evaluated regularly by the Company's chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and 
assess performance.  The Company uses operating income and equity in earnings to assess segment performance.

Intersegment transactions are recorded at cost. 

The reportable segments disclosed herein are defined as follows:

Gas Utility - The natural gas segment of the Company generates revenue from its tariff rates and other regulatory 
mechanisms through which it provides the sale and distribution of natural gas to its residential, commercial and 
industrial customers.

Investment in Affiliates - The investment in affiliates segment reflects the income generated through the activities of 
the Company's investment in MVP and Southgate projects.

Parent and Other - Parent and other include the unregulated activities of the Company as well as certain corporate 
eliminations.

Information related to the segments of the Company are provided below:

For the Year Ended September 30, 2020:

Operating revenues

Depreciation
Operating income (loss)

Equity in earnings
Interest expense

Income before income taxes

As of September 30, 2020:

Total assets

Gas Utility

Investment in 
Affiliates

Parent and 
Other

Consolidated 
Total

$  62,408,925  $ 

—  $ 

666,466  $  63,075,391 

7,890,725 
  12,429,613 

— 
2,730,822 

  10,350,946 

— 

(220,194)   

— 
308,763 

7,890,725 
  12,518,182 

4,814,874 
1,368,336 

3,233,233 

— 
— 

4,814,874 
4,099,158 

286,015 

  13,870,194 

$ 211,994,364  $  57,660,105  $  12,025,038  $ 281,679,507 

Gross additions to utility property

  22,916,339 

— 

Gross investment in MVP and Southgate

— 

7,864,859 

— 

— 

  22,916,339 

7,864,859 

52

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the Year Ended September 30, 2019:

Operating revenues

Depreciation

Operating income (loss)

Equity in earnings

Interest expense

Income before income taxes

As of September 30, 2019:

Total assets

Gas Utility

Investment in 
Affiliates

Parent and 
Other

Consolidated 
Total

$  67,306,260  $ 

—  $ 

720,265  $  68,026,525 

7,454,274 

— 

— 

7,454,274 

  11,458,679 

(153,149)   

289,934 

  11,595,464 

— 

2,404,518 

9,400,869 

3,020,348 

1,214,033 

1,657,988 

— 

— 

3,020,348 

3,618,551 

290,286 

  11,349,143 

$ 195,969,019  $  47,429,368  $  14,955,309  $ 258,353,696 

Gross additions to utility property

  21,884,317 

— 

Gross investment in MVP and Southgate

— 

  20,965,907 

— 

— 

  21,884,317 

  20,965,907 

5.

OTHER INVESTMENTS

In October 2015, Midstream, acquired a 1% equity interest in the LLC. In November 2019, the Company's Board of 
Directors approved a pro-rata increase in Midstream's participation that will increase its equity interest to 
approximately 1.03% at the MVP's completion. Once in service, the MVP will transport approximately 2 million dth 
of natural gas per day.

Pipeline construction has been delayed due to regulatory and legal challenges that have restricted the recent focus to 
maintenance and restoration activities. As a result, the projected cost is expected to range from $5.8 to $6.0 billion, 
with Midstream's total cash contributions expected to range from $60 and $62 million. The managing partner extended 
the estimated in-service date to the second half of calendar 2021. The Company is utilizing the equity method to 
account for the transactions related to the MVP investment and recognizes earnings in proportion to its investment.

In April 2018, the LLC announced the MVP Southgate project, which is an approximately 75 mile pipeline extending 
from the MVP mainline in Virginia to delivery points in North Carolina. Midstream is a less than 1% investor in the 
project, which is being accounted for under the cost method. Total project cost is estimated to be nearly $500 million, 
of which Midstream's portion is estimated to be approximately $2.1 million. The Southgate in-service date is currently 
targeted for calendar year 2022.

Funding for Midstream's investments in the LLC for both the MVP and Southgate projects is being provided through 
two variable rate unsecured promissory notes, under a non-revolving credit agreement maturing in December 2022, 
and two additional notes issued in June 2019. See Note 7 for a schedule of debt instruments.

The Company will participate in the earnings generated from the transportation of natural gas through both pipelines 
proportionate to its level of investment once the pipelines are placed in service.

The investments in the LLC are included in the consolidated financial statements as follows:

Balance Sheet location:

Other Assets:

     MVP

     Southgate

     Investment in unconsolidated affiliates

Current Liabilities:

     MVP

     Southgate
     Capital contributions payable

53

September 30

2020

2019

57,183,063  $ 

47,055,426 

359,742 

320,033 

57,542,805  $ 

47,375,459 

2,501,883  $ 

10,554 
2,512,437  $ 

4,958,260 

66,564 
5,024,824 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income Statement location:
     Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate

Years ended September 30

2020
4,814,874  $ 

2019
3,020,348 

$ 

September 30

2020

2019

Undistributed earnings, net of income taxes, of MVP in retained earnings

$ 

6,842,702  $ 

3,267,176 

The change in the investment in unconsolidated affiliates is provided below:

Cash investment

Change in accrued capital calls

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate

Change in investment in unconsolidated affiliates

September 30

2020

2019

$ 

7,864,859  $ 

20,965,907 

(2,512,387) 

4,814,874 

(5,117,942) 

3,020,348 

$ 

10,167,346  $ 

18,868,313 

Summary unaudited financial statements of MVP are presented below. Southgate financial statements, which are 
accounted for under the cost method, are not included:

AFUDC

Net Other Income

Net Income

Assets:

Current Assets

Construction Work in Progress

Other Assets
Total Assets

Liabilities and Equity:

Current Liabilities

Noncurrent Liabilities

Capital

Total Liabilities and Equity

6. 

LINE-OF-CREDIT

Income Statements

Years Ended September 30,

2020

2019

$ 

479,586,911  $ 

295,430,776 

714,128 

5,655,644 

$ 

480,301,039  $ 

301,086,420 

Balance Sheets

September 30

2020

2019

$ 

513,713,429  $ 

485,323,892 

  5,536,248,668 

  4,675,267,389 

4,597,441 

13,190,816 
$  6,054,559,538  $  5,173,782,097 

$ 

187,581,804  $ 

466,776,233 

245,000 

— 

  5,866,732,734 

  4,707,005,864 

$  6,054,559,538  $  5,173,782,097 

In March 2020, Roanoke Gas renewed its unsecured line-of-credit agreement, which was scheduled to expire 
March 31, 2021.  The new agreement is for a two-year term expiring March 31, 2022 with a maximum borrowing limit 
of $28,000,000.  Amounts drawn against the agreement are considered to be non-current, as the balance under the line-
of-credit is not subject to repayment within the next 12-month period.  The agreement has a variable interest rate based 
on 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points, an availability fee of 15 basis points and provides multi-tiered borrowing 
limits associated with the seasonal borrowing demands of the Company. 

54

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company's total available borrowing limits for the remaining term are as follows:

As of

September 30, 2020
March 1, 2021
July 20, 2021
September 20, 2021

A summary of the line-of-credit follows:

Available line-of-credit at year-end
Outstanding balance at year-end
Highest month-end balance outstanding
Average daily balance
Average rate of interest during year on outstanding balances
Interest rate at year-end
Interest rate on unused line-of-credit

Available
Line-of-Credit

$ 

19,000,000 
15,000,000 
20,000,000 
28,000,000 

September 30

2020
$  19,000,000 
9,143,606 
12,983,210 
3,286,033 

2019
$  22,000,000 
8,172,473 
15,801,798 
6,049,527 

 2.16 %
 1.15 %
 0.15 %

 3.40 %
 3.02 %
 0.15 %

Associated with the line-of-credit is a credit agreement that contains various representations, warranties and covenants 
including a requirement that the Company maintain an interest coverage ratio of not less than 1.5 to 1 and a long-term 
debt to long-term capitalization ratio of less than 65%. 

7. 

LONG-TERM DEBT

In December 2019, Midstream entered into the Third Amendment to its Credit Agreement ("Amendment") and 
amendments to the related Promissory Notes ("Notes") with the corresponding banks.  The Amendment modified the 
original Credit Agreement and prior amendments between Midstream and the banks by increasing the total borrowing 
capacity to $41,000,000 from its previous limit of $26,000,000 and extending the maturity date to December 29, 2022.  
The Amendment retained all of the other provisions contained in the previous credit agreements and amendments 
including the interest rate on the Notes based on 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35%.  The additional limits under the 
Amendment provide additional financing for the investment in the MVP.

In December 2019, Roanoke Gas entered into unsecured notes in the aggregate principal amount of $10,000,000.  
These notes have a 10-year term with a fixed interest rate of 3.60%.  Proceeds from these notes provided funding for 
Roanoke Gas' capital budget.

Roanoke Gas also has other unsecured notes at varying fixed interest rates as well as a variable-rate note with interest 
based on 30-day LIBOR plus 90 basis points. The variable rate note is hedged by a swap agreement, which converts 
the debt into a fixed-rate instrument with an annual interest rate of 2.30%.

Midstream has two other variable rate notes in the amounts of $14,000,000 and $10,000,000 that are hedged by swap 
agreements, which effectively convert the interest rates to 3.24% and 3.14%, respectively. 

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Long-term debt consists of the following:

September 30

2020

2019

Principal

Unamortized 
Debt Issuance 
Costs

Principal

Unamortized 
Debt Issuance 
Costs

Roanoke Gas:
Unsecured senior notes payable, at 4.26%, due 
on September 18, 2034
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day 
LIBOR plus 0.90%, November 1, 2021
Unsecured term notes payable, at 3.58% due 
on October 2, 2027
Unsecured term notes payable at 4.41%, due 
on March 28, 2031
Unsecured term notes payable at 3.60%, due 
on December 6, 2029
Midstream:
Unsecured term notes payable, at 30-day 
LIBOR plus 1.35% due December 29, 2022
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day 
LIBOR plus 1.15%, due June 12, 2026
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day 
LIBOR plus 1.20%, due June 1, 2024
Total notes payable

Line-of-credit, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%, 
due March 31, 2022
Total long-term debt

$  30,500,000  $ 

135,157 

$  30,500,000  $ 

144,811 

7,000,000 

3,613 

7,000,000 

6,948 

8,000,000 

33,712 

8,000,000 

38,528 

10,000,000 

32,892 

10,000,000 

36,272 

10,000,000 

32,585 

— 

— 

25,475,200 

38,728 

16,012,200 

59,504 

14,000,000 

13,844 

14,000,000 

16,252 

10,000,000 

8,644 

10,000,000 

11,000 

$  114,975,200  $ 

299,175 

$  95,512,200  $ 

313,315 

9,143,606 

— 

8,172,473 

— 

$  124,118,806  $ 

299,175 

$  103,684,673  $ 

313,315 

Debt issuance costs are amortized over the life of the related debt.  As of September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company 
also had an unamortized loss on the early retirement of debt of $1,598,620 and $1,712,808, respectively, which has 
been deferred as a regulatory asset and is being amortized over a 20 year period. 

All of the debt agreements set forth certain representations, warranties and covenants to which the Company is subject, 
including financial covenants that require the ratio of long-term debt to long-term capitalization to not exceed 65%.  
All of the debt agreements except for the line-of-credit provide for priority indebtedness to not exceed 15% of 
consolidated total assets. The Company was in compliance with all debt covenants as of September 30, 2020 and 
September 30, 2019.

The aggregate annual maturities of long-term debt for the next five years ending after September 30, 2020 are as 
follows:

Year Ending September 30    
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Thereafter
Total

Maturities

— 
16,268,606 
25,975,200 
9,375,000 
— 
72,500,000 
124,118,806 

$ 

$ 

56

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8. 

INCOME TAXES

As a result of the TCJA enacted in January 2018, the Company's statutory federal income tax rate is 21% in fiscal 2020 
and 2019, respectively. 

Under the provisions of ASC 740 - Income Taxes, the deferred tax assets and liabilities of the Company were revalued 
in fiscal 2018 to reflect the reduction in the corporate federal income tax rate.  The result of this revaluation was a 
reduction in the net deferred tax liability of approximately $9 million, including approximately $11.8 million 
reclassified to regulatory liability, a $3 million gross up to reflect pre-tax basis, and $0.26 million increase in income 
tax expense related to unregulated operations for fiscal 2018.  The excess deferred income taxes are reflected on a 
pretax basis to appropriately contemplate future tax consequences in the periods when the regulatory liability is settled. 
The excess deferred taxes related to the depreciable property is being returned to customers through reduced billings 
over the remaining weighted average useful life of the property with a corresponding reduction in income tax expense.  
The excess deferred taxes related to the other regulatory basis differences are being collected from customers over a 
five year period. 

The details of income tax expense are as follows: 

Current income taxes:

Federal

State

Total current income taxes

Deferred income taxes:

Federal

State

Total deferred income taxes

Total income tax expense

Years Ended September 30

2020

2019

$ 

1,841,124  $ 

1,698,215 

342,233 

2,183,357 

644,682 

477,621 

1,122,303 

268,488 

1,966,703 

272,079 

411,949 

684,028 

$ 

3,305,660  $ 

2,650,731 

Income tax expense for the years ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 differed from amounts computed by applying 
the U.S. federal income tax rate to earnings before income taxes due to the following:

Income before income taxes
Corporate federal income tax rate

Years Ended September 30

2020

2019

$  13,870,194 

$  11,349,143 

 21.0 %

 21.0 %

Income tax expense computed at the federal statutory rate

$ 

2,912,741 

$ 

2,383,320 

State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit

Net amortization of excess deferred taxes on regulated operations
Tax benefit recognized on stock compensation

Other, net

Total income tax expense

647,685 
(162,228) 

(114,984) 

22,446 

537,545 
(212,896) 

(96,499) 

39,261 

$ 

3,305,660 

$ 

2,650,731 

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as 
follows:

Deferred tax assets:

Allowance for uncollectibles

Accrued pension and postretirement medical benefits

Regulatory effect of change in federal income tax rate

Accrued vacation

Over-recovery of gas costs

Cost of gas held in storage

Deferred compensation

Interest rate swaps

Rate refund

Other

Total gross deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities:

Utility plant

MVP investment

Other

Total gross deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax liability

September 30

2020

2019

$ 

180,986  $ 

651,356 

2,814,525 

140,635 

— 

604,962 

992,605 

572,343 

— 

97,564 

28,503 

782,592 

2,867,383 

150,882 

23,979 

590,495 

803,979 

230,204 

130,063 

261,125 

6,054,976 

5,869,205 

18,310,474 

1,693,075 

25,189 

18,132,022 

705,193 

10,513 

20,028,738 

18,847,728 

$ 

13,973,762  $ 

12,978,523 

FASB ASC No. 740 - Income Taxes provides for the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be 
claimed on a tax return should be recognized in the financial statements. The Company has evaluated its tax positions 
and accordingly has not identified any significant uncertain tax positions. The Company’s policy is to classify interest 
associated with uncertain tax positions as interest expense in the financial statements. Penalties are netted against other 
income.

The Company files a consolidated federal income tax return and state income tax returns in Virginia and West 
Virginia. The federal returns and the state returns for both Virginia and West Virginia for the tax years ended prior to 
September 30, 2017 are no longer subject to examination.

9. 

EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

The Company sponsors both a noncontributory pension plan and a postretirement plan. The pension plan covers all 
employees hired prior to January 2017 and benefits fully vest after 5 years of credited service. Benefits paid to retirees 
are based on age at retirement, years of service and average compensation.  Effective January 1, 2017, a "soft freeze" 
to the pension plan was implemented, and employees hired on or after that date are no longer eligible to participate.  
Commensurate with the "soft freeze" in the pension plan, the Company amended its 401(k) Plan, allowing 
management to authorize a discretionary contribution to the 401(k) account for those employees hired on or after 
January 1, 2017.  The amount, if any, of this discretionary contribution would be determined each year and would be 
applied to the eligible employees at the end of the calendar year.  This Company contribution would be in addition to 
any employee elected deferrals and employer match as provided for under the  401(k) Plan. 

The postretirement plan provides certain health care, supplemental retirement and life insurance benefits to retired 
employees who meet specific age and service requirements. Employees hired prior to January 1, 2000 are eligible to 
participate in the postretirement plan. Employees must have a minimum of 10 years of service and retire after attaining 
the age of 55 in order to vest in the postretirement plan. Retiree contributions to the plan are based on the number of 
years of service to the Company as determined under the pension plan.

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employers who sponsor defined benefit plans must recognize the funded status of defined benefit pension and other 
postretirement plans as an asset or liability in their statements of financial position and recognize changes in that 
funded status in the year in which the changes occur through comprehensive income. For pension plans, the benefit 
obligation is the projected benefit obligation, and for other postretirement plans, the benefit obligation is the 
accumulated benefit obligation. The Company established a regulatory asset for the portion of the obligation expected 
to be recovered in rates in future periods. The regulatory asset is adjusted for the recognition of actuarial gains and 
losses. The portion of the obligation attributable to the unregulated operations of the holding company is recognized in 
other comprehensive income.

The following tables set forth the benefit obligation, fair value of plan assets, the funded status of the plans, amounts 
recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the assumptions used:

Accumulated benefit obligation
Change in benefit obligation:

Pension Plan

Postretirement Plan

2020

2019

2020

2019

$  34,821,069  $  30,927,973  $  17,925,409  $  18,030,399 

Benefit obligation at beginning of year

$  35,550,987  $  28,850,299  $  18,030,399  $  16,207,322 

Service cost

Interest cost

Actuarial loss (gain)

691,602 

1,062,227 

3,620,400 

537,268 

1,166,728 

5,901,915 

167,879 

531,480 

132,882 

648,944 

(325,269)   

1,530,522 

Benefit payments, net of retiree contributions

(927,214)   

(905,223)   

(479,080)   

(489,271) 

Benefit obligation at end of year
Change in fair value of plan assets:

$  39,998,002  $  35,550,987  $  17,925,409  $  18,030,399 

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year

$  33,586,671  $  28,184,697  $  13,082,610  $  12,924,957 

Actual return on plan assets, net of taxes

Employer contributions

4,198,174 

800,000 

3,907,197 

2,400,000 

1,112,723 

400,000 

346,924 

300,000 

Benefit payments, net of retiree contributions

(927,214)   

(905,223)   

(479,080)   

(489,271) 

Fair value of plan assets at end of year
Funded status

$  37,657,631  $  33,586,671  $  14,116,253  $  13,082,610 

$  (2,340,371)  $  (1,964,316)  $  (3,809,156)  $  (4,947,789) 

Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance 
sheet consist of:

Noncurrent liabilities

$  (2,340,371)  $  (1,964,316)  $  (3,809,156)  $  (4,947,789) 

Amounts recognized in accumulated other 
comprehensive loss:

Net actuarial loss, net of tax

$  1,181,744  $  1,047,063  $ 

614,987  $ 

777,717 

Total amounts included in other comprehensive 
loss, net of tax

Amounts deferred to a regulatory asset:

$  1,181,744  $  1,047,063  $ 

614,987  $ 

777,717 

Net actuarial loss

$  6,977,944  $  6,356,201  $  2,755,333  $  3,661,168 

Amounts recognized as regulatory assets

$  6,977,944  $  6,356,201  $  2,755,333  $  3,661,168 

The Company expects that approximately $80,000 before tax, of AOCI will be recognized in net periodic benefit costs 
in fiscal 2021 and approximately $577,000 of amounts deferred as regulatory assets will be amortized and recognized 
in net periodic benefit costs in fiscal 2021.

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table details the actuarial assumptions used in determining the projected benefit obligations and net 
benefit cost of the pension and the accumulated benefit obligations and net benefit cost of the postretirement plan:

Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations:

Discount rate

Expected rate of compensation increase
Assumptions used to determine benefit costs:

Discount rate

Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets

Expected rate of compensation increase

Pension Plan

Postretirement Plan

2020

2019

2020

2019

 2.47 %

 4.00 %

 3.03 %

 5.50 %

 4.00 %

 3.03 %

 4.00 %

 4.11 %

 5.50 %

 4.00 %

 2.44 %

N/A

 3.00 %

 4.26 %

N/A

 3.00 %

N/A

 4.09 %

 4.30 %

N/A

To develop the expected long-term rate of return on assets assumption, the Company, with input from the Plans' 
actuaries and investment advisors, considered the historical returns and the future expectations for returns for each 
asset class, as well as the target asset allocation of each plan’s portfolio.

Components of net periodic benefit cost are as follows:

Service cost

Interest cost

Expected return on plan assets

Recognized loss

Net periodic benefit cost

Pension Plan

Postretirement Plan

2020

2019

2020

2019

$ 

691,602  $ 

537,268  $ 

167,879  $ 

132,882 

  1,062,227 

  1,166,728 

531,480 

648,944 

  (1,836,623)    (1,549,437)   

(550,394)   

(547,218) 

455,744 

158,599 

237,371 

123,805 

$ 

372,950  $ 

313,158  $ 

386,336  $ 

358,413 

Service cost is included in operation and maintenance expense of the consolidated income statement. All other 
components of net periodic benefit costs are included in the other income, net line.

The assumed health care cost trend rates used in measuring the accumulated benefit obligation for the postretirement 
plan are presented below:

Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year

 7.00 %

 7.00 %

 5.20 %

 5.20 %

Rate to which the cost trend is assumed to decline (the 
ultimate trend rate)
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate

 5.50 %
2023

 5.50 %
2022

 5.20 %
2020

 5.20 %
2019

Pre 65

Post 65

2020

2019

2020

2019

The health care cost trend rate assumptions could have a significant effect on the amounts reported. A change of 1% 
would have the following effects: 

Effect on total service and interest cost components
Effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation

1% Increase

1% Decrease

$ 

132,000  $ 

3,042,000 

(105,000) 
(2,454,000) 

The primary objectives of both plans' investment policies are to maintain investment portfolios that diversify risk 
through prudent asset allocation parameters, achieve asset returns that meet or exceed the corresponding actuarial 
assumptions, achieve asset returns that are competitive with like institutions employing similar investment strategies 
and meet expected future benefits in both the short-term and long-term.  In 2020, the Company revised its targeted 
pension plan investment allocation by rebalancing the assets from a 40% equity allocation to a 30% equity allocation.  
This change in investment allocation corresponds with the Company's strategy to continue to match the duration of the 
pension plan's assets with its liabilities. This change in investment allocation will continue to reduce investment risk 
and volatility in asset performance while providing for some asset growth. As a result, the Company's assumed long-

60

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
term rate of return on pension assets for fiscal 2021 was adjusted down to 5.4%.  The investment policy continues to 
provide for a range of investment allocations to allow for continued flexibility in responding to market conditions.

The Company’s target and actual asset allocation in the pension and postretirement plans as of September 30, 2020 and 
2019 were: 

Asset category:

Equity securities

Debt securities

Cash

Other

Pension Plan

Postretirement Plan

Target

2020

2019

Target

2020

2019

 30 %

 70 %

 — %

 — %

 30 %

 69 %

 1 %

 — %

 40 %

 59 %

 1 %

 — %

 50 %

 50 %

 — %

 — %

 51 %

 48 %

 1 %

 — %

 49 %

 50 %

 1 %

 — %

The assets of the plans are invested in mutual funds. The Company uses the fair value hierarchy described in Note 1 to 
classify these assets. The mutual funds are included under Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy as their fair values are 
determined based on individual prices for each security that comprises the mutual funds. The common and collective 
trust funds are included under Level 2.  The following tables contains the fair value classifications of the plans' assets:

Pension Plan
Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020

Fair Value

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$ 

339,287  $ 

339,287  $ 

—  $ 

— 

Asset Class:
Cash
Common and Collective Trust and 
Pooled Funds:
Bonds

Liability Driven Investment

26,038,966 

Equities

Domestic Large Cap  Growth  
Domestic Large Cap Value
Domestic Small/Mid Cap 
Core
Foreign Large Cap Value

3,462,841 
3,351,694 

1,665,005 
1,473,427 

— 

— 
— 

— 
— 

26,038,966 

3,462,841 
3,351,694 

1,665,005 
1,473,427 

        Mutual Funds:

Equities

Foreign Large Cap Growth
Foreign Large Cap Value

1,047,274 
279,137 

1,047,274 
279,137 

— 
— 

Total

$  37,657,631  $ 

1,665,698  $  35,991,933  $ 

— 

— 
— 

— 
— 

— 
— 
— 

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pension Plan
Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2019

Fair Value

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$ 

371,780  $ 

371,780  $ 

—  $ 

— 

Asset Class:

Cash

Common and Collective Trust and 
Pooled Funds:
Bonds

Liability Driven Investment

19,702,561 

Equities

Domestic Large Cap Growth

Domestic Large Cap Value

Domestic Small/Mid Cap 
Core
Foreign Large Cap Value

4,069,197 

4,055,518 

2,032,084 

1,783,990 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

19,702,561 

4,069,197 

4,055,518 

2,032,084 

1,783,990 

Mutual Funds:

Equities

Foreign Large Cap Growth

Foreign Large Cap Value

1,227,981 

343,560 

1,227,981 

343,560 

— 

— 

Total

$  33,586,671  $ 

1,943,321  $  31,643,350  $ 

Asset Class:

Cash

Mutual Funds

Bonds

Postretirement Plan
Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020

Fair Value

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$ 

73,908  $ 

73,908  $ 

—  $ 

Domestic Fixed Income

Foreign Fixed Income

6,163,808 

638,709 

6,163,808 

638,709 

Equities

Domestic Large Cap Growth

Domestic Large Cap Value

Domestic Small/Mid Cap 
Growth
Domestic Small/Mid Cap 
Value
Domestic Small/Mid Cap 
Core
Foreign Large Cap Growth

Foreign Large Cap Value

Foreign Large Cap Core

Other

Total

2,197,839 

2,119,433 

2,197,839 

2,119,433 

262,726 

262,726 

235,216 

235,216 

552,607 

548,967 

552,607 

548,967 

1,224,420 

1,224,420 

77,471 

21,149 

77,471 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

21,149 

$  14,116,253  $  14,095,104  $ 

21,149  $ 

62

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Asset Class:

Cash

Mutual Funds

Bonds

Postretirement Plan
Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2019

Fair Value

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

$ 

66,860  $ 

66,860  $ 

—  $ 

Domestic Fixed Income

Foreign Fixed Income

5,987,248 

611,196 

5,987,248 

611,196 

Equities

Domestic Large Cap Growth

Domestic Large Cap Value

Domestic Small/Mid Cap 
Growth
Domestic Small/Mid Cap 
Value
Domestic Small/Mid Cap 
Core
Foreign Large Cap Growth

Foreign Large Cap Value

Foreign Large Cap Core

Other

Total

1,909,836 

1,931,615 

1,909,836 

1,931,615 

210,251 

210,251 

214,034 

214,034 

464,526 

489,286 

464,526 

489,286 

1,098,992 

1,098,992 

70,782 

27,984 

70,782 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

27,984 

$  13,082,610  $  13,054,626  $ 

27,984  $ 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

— 

Each mutual fund or common collective trust fund has been categorized based on its primary investment strategy.

The Company expects to contribute $500,000 to its pension plan and $400,000 to its postretirement plan in fiscal 2021.

The following table reflects expected future benefit payments:

Fiscal year ending September 30
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026-2030

$ 

Pension
Plan
1,043,787  $ 
1,133,470 
1,221,341 
1,320,157 
1,416,485 
8,355,472 

Postretirement
Plan

568,170 
605,966 
666,049 
678,659 
684,989 
3,637,984 

The Company sponsors a 401k Plan covering all employees who elect to participate. Employees may contribute from 
1% to 50% of their annual compensation to the 401k Plan, limited to a maximum annual amount as set periodically by 
the IRS. The Company matches 100% of the participant’s first 4% of contributions and 50% on the next 2% of 
contributions. The Company also provided discretionary contributions for those employees hired on or after January 1, 
2017. The following table reflects the Company's contributions:

Matching contribution

Discretionary contribution

Years Ended September 30,

2020

2019

$ 

364,773 

$ 

18,313 

348,369 

21,829 

63

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10. 

COMMON STOCK OPTIONS

The KESOP provides for the issuance of common stock options to officers and certain other full-time salaried 
employees to acquire shares of the Company’s common stock.  As of September 30, 2020, the number of shares 
available for future grants was 23,000. 

FASB ASC No. 718 - Compensation-Stock Compensation requires that compensation expense be recognized for the 
issuance of equity instruments to employees. During the fiscal year ended 2020, the Board approved stock option 
grants to certain officers. As required by the KESOP, each option's exercise price per share equaled the fair value of 
the Company's common stock on the grant date.  Pursuant to the plan, the options vest over a six-month period and are 
exercisable over a ten-year period from the date of issuance.

As the Company's stock options are not traded on the open market, the fair value of each grant is estimated on the date 
of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model including the following assumptions:

Expected volatility

Expected dividends

Expected exercise term (years)

Risk-free interest rate

Years Ended September 30,

2020

31.53%

2.74%

7.00

0.51%

2019

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

The underlying methods regarding each assumption are as follows:

Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the daily closing price of the Company's common 
stock.

Expected dividend rate is based on historical dividend payout trends.

Expected exercise term is based on the average time historical option grants were outstanding before being 
exercised.

Risk-free interest rate is based on the 7-year Treasury rate on the date of option grant.

Forfeitures are recognized when they occur.

Stock option transactions under the Company's plans are summarized below.

64

Options outstanding, September 30, 2018

    Options granted

    Options exercised

    Options expired

    Options forfeited

Options outstanding, September 30, 2019

    Options granted

    Options exercised

    Options expired

    Options forfeited

Number of 
Shares

Weighted- 
Average Exercise 
Price

100,000 

— 

(31,508) 

— 

— 

68,492 

13,000 

(29,992) 

— 

— 

14.34 

— 

13.08 

— 

— 

14.91 

27.87 

14.65 

— 

— 

Weighted- 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Terms (years)

6.6

Aggregate 
Intrinsic Value1

1,237,286 

6.2

981,170 

Options outstanding, September 30, 2020

51,500 

$ 

18.34 

6.4

$ 

320,797 

Vested and exercisable at September 30, 
2020
1

Aggregate intrinsic value includes only those options where the exercise price is below the market price.

51,500 

$ 

18.34 

6.4

$ 

320,797 

Weighted-average grant date option fair value

$ 

6.26 

$ 

Stock option expense

Intrinsic value of options exercised

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

81,380 

411,638 

439,509 

— 

— 

456,002 

412,179 

Years Ended September 30,

2020

2019

11. 

OTHER STOCK PLANS

Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan

The Company offers a DRIP Plan to shareholders of record for the reinvestment of dividends and the purchase of up to 
$100,000 per year in additional shares of common stock of the Company. Under the DRIP, the Company issued 
28,191 and 26,716 shares in 2020 and 2019, respectively.  As of September 30, 2020, the Company had 362,322 
shares of stock available for issuance under the DRIP.

Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors

The Board of Directors of the Company implemented the RSPD in 1997. Under the RSPD, each director may elect 
annually to have up to 100% of his or her fees paid in shares of common stock ("Director Restricted Stock"); however, 
a minimum of 40% of the monthly retainer fee must be paid to each non-employee director of Resources in shares of 
Director Restricted Stock until such time as the director has accumulated at least 10,000 shares.  The number of shares 
of Director Restricted Stock awarded each month is determined based on the closing sales price of Resources' common 
stock on the NASDAQ Global Market on the first business day of the month.  The Director Restricted Stock issued 
under the Plan vests only in the case of a participant's death, disability, retirement, or in the event of a change in 
control of Resources.  The Director Restricted Stock may not be sold, transferred, assigned or pledged by the 
participant until the shares have vested under the terms of the Plan.  The shares of Director Restricted Stock will be 
forfeited to Resources by a participant's voluntary resignation during his or her term on the Board or removal for cause 
as a director.

The Company assumes all directors will complete their term and there will be no forfeiture of the Director Restricted 
Stock.  Since the inception of the RSPD, no director has forfeited any shares of Director Restricted Stock.  The 
Company recognizes as compensation the market value of the Director Restricted Stock in the period it is issued.

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table reflects the director compensation activity pursuant to the Plan:

2020

2019

Weighted-
Average Fair 
Value on Date of 
Grant

Shares

Weighted-
Average Fair 
Value on Date of 
Grant

Shares

Beginning of year balance

104,680 

$ 

  Granted

  Vested

  Forfeited

End of year balance

9,193 

(14,803) 

— 

99,070 

$ 

12.51 

26.28 

10.68 

— 

14.06 

98,302 

$ 

6,378 

— 

— 

11.51 

27.93 

— 

— 

104,680 

$ 

12.51 

The fair market value of the Director Restricted Stock included in compensation during fiscal 2020 and 2019 was 
$241,617 and $178,100, respectively.  No Director Restricted Stock was forfeited during fiscal 2020 or 2019. 

As of September 30, 2020, the Company had 52,029 shares available for issuance under the RSPD.

RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan

The Board of Directors of the Company implemented the RSPO in 2017 following approval by the shareholders at the 
Company's annual meeting held in February 2017.  Under the RSPO, the Compensation Committee of the Board of 
Directors may grant shares of common stock ("Officer Restricted Stock") that vest over time to key employees and 
officers for the purpose of attracting and retaining those individuals essential to the operation and growth of the 
Company.  The RSPO provides for certain restrictions and non-transferability requirements until minimum levels of 
ownership are obtained.  Such restrictions may continue beyond the vesting period.

The Company assumes all officers will complete their requirements and there will be no forfeiture of the Officer 
Restricted Stock. 

The following table reflects the officer compensation activity pursuant to the RSPO:

Beginning of year balance
  Granted

  Vested
  Forfeited

End of year balance

2020

2019

Weighted-
Average Fair 
Value on Date of 
Grant

Weighted-
Average Fair 
Value on Date of 
Grant

Shares

Shares

$ 

10,185 
14,951 

(18,321) 
— 

6,815 

$ 

28.65 
28.17 

28.30 
— 

28.55 

$ 

6,734 
10,227 

(6,776) 
— 

10,185 

$ 

26.33 
29.80 

28.08 
— 

28.65 

The fair market value of the Officer Restricted Stock included as compensation during fiscal 2020 and 2019 was 
$450,677 and $282,365, respectively.  As of September 30, 2020, the Company had 413,718 shares available for 
issuance under the RSPO. 

Stock Bonus Plan

Shares from the Stock Bonus Plan may be issued to certain employees and management personnel in recognition of 
their performance and service. Under the Stock Bonus Plan, the Company issued no shares in 2020 and 2019.  As of 
September 30, 2020 the Company had 4,785 shares of stock available for issuance under the Stock Bonus Plan.  The 
Stock Bonus Plan is currently inactive.

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
12. 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Long-Term Contracts

Due to the nature of the natural gas distribution business, Roanoke Gas enters into agreements with both suppliers and 
pipelines to contract for natural gas commodity purchases, storage capacity and pipeline delivery capacity.  Roanoke 
Gas obtains most of its regulated natural gas supply through an asset management contract with a third party asset 
manager.  Roanoke Gas utilizes an asset manager to optimize the use of its transportation, storage rights, and gas 
supply inventories which helps to ensure a secure and reliable source of natural gas. Under the current asset 
management contract, Roanoke Gas has designated the asset manager to act as agent for its storage capacity and all gas 
balances in storage. Roanoke Gas retains ownership of gas in storage. Under provisions of this contract, Roanoke Gas 
is obligated to purchase its winter storage requirements from the asset manager during the spring and summer injection 
periods at market price. The table below details the volumetric obligations as of September 30, 2020 for the remainder 
of the contract period. The current asset management contract was renewed in July 2020 for a one year period which 
will expire in March 2022. The contract was renewed at essentially the same terms and conditions as the prior 
agreement, except the utilization fee retained by Roanoke Gas was reduced.

Year
2020-2021

2021-2022

Total

Natural Gas Contracts
(In DTHs)

2,090,972 

295,866 

2,386,838 

In addition to the volumetric commitment above, the Company also has a fixed price agreement to purchase 
approximately 1.3 million dth, from October 2020 to March 2021, at prices ranging from $2.17 to $2.62 per dth.

Roanoke Gas also has contracts for pipeline and storage capacity which extend for various periods. These capacity 
costs and related fees are valued at tariff rates in place as of September 30, 2020. These rates may increase or decrease 
in the future based upon rate filings and rate orders granting a rate change to the pipeline or storage operator. Roanoke 
Gas expended approximately $21,881,000 and $30,317,000 under the asset management, pipeline and storage 
contracts in fiscal years 2020 and 2019, respectively. The table below details the pipeline and storage capacity 
commitments as of September 30, 2020 for the remainder of the contract period.

Year
2020-2021

2021-2022

2022-2023

2023-2024

2024-2025

Thereafter

Total

$ 

Pipeline and
Storage Capacity

11,048,798 

10,284,092 

7,403,271 
5,743,826 
3,167,937 

888,426 

$ 

38,536,350 

Roanoke Gas maintains franchise agreements granted by the local cities and towns served by the Company. Roanoke 
Gas renewed its franchise agreements with the City of Roanoke, the City of Salem and the Town of Vinton in 2016 for 
20-year terms to expire in December 2035. Per these agreements, franchise fees increase at a rate of 3% annually 
throughout the term of the agreements.  As of September 30, 2020, $2,294,588 in future obligations remain under the 
franchise agreements.

Other Contracts

The Company maintains other agreements in the ordinary course of business covering various lease, maintenance, 
equipment and service contracts. These agreements currently extend through December 2031 and are not material to 
the Company.

67

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Legal

From time to time, the Company may become involved in litigation or claims arising out of its operations in the 
normal course of business.  At the current time, the Company is not known to be a party to any legal proceedings that 
would be expected to have a materially adverse impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Environmental Matters

Roanoke Gas operated an MGP as a source of fuel for lighting and heating until the early 1950’s. A by-product of 
operating the MGP was coal tar, and the potential exists for tar waste contaminants at the former plant site. While the 
Company does not currently recognize any commitments or contingencies related to environmental costs, should the 
Company ever be required to remediate the site, it will pursue all prudent and reasonable means to recover any related 
costs, including the use of insurance claims and regulatory approval for rate case recognition of expenses associated 
with any work required.

13. 

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The following table summarizes the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a 
recurring basis and the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy as defined in Note 1 as of 
September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively:

Liabilities:

Natural gas purchases
Interest rate swaps

Total

Liabilities:

Natural gas purchases
Interest rate swaps

Total

Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
Level 1

Significant  Other
Observable
Inputs
Level 2

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
Level 3

Fair Value

470,755  $ 

2,223,556 
2,694,311  $ 

—  $ 
— 
—  $ 

470,755  $ 

2,223,556 
2,694,311  $ 

— 
— 
— 

Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2019

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
Level 1

Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
Level  2

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
Level 3

Fair Value

397,757  $ 

894,341 

1,292,098  $ 

—  $ 

397,757  $ 

— 

894,341 

—  $ 

1,292,098  $ 

— 

— 

— 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Under the asset management contract, a timing difference can exist between the payment for natural gas purchases and 
the actual receipt of such purchases. Payments are made based on a predetermined monthly volume with the price 
based on the weighted average first of the month index prices corresponding to the month of the scheduled payment. 
At September 30, 2020 and 2019, the Company had recorded in accounts payable the estimated fair value of the 
liability determined on the corresponding first of month index prices for which the liability was expected to be settled.

The Company’s non-financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis consist of its 
asset retirement obligations. The asset retirement obligations are measured at fair value at initial recognition based on 
expected future cash flows to settle the obligation.

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, borrowings under line-of-credit, accounts 
payable (with the exception of the timing difference under the asset management contract), customer credit balances 
and customer deposits is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the shorter-term nature of these financial 
instruments. The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are 
not adjusted to fair value in the consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2020 and 2019. 

68

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:

Notes payable
Total

Liabilities:

Notes payable

Total

Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2020

Carrying
Amount

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
Level 1

Significant Other
Observable  Inputs
Level 2

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
Level 3

$  114,975,200  $ 
$  114,975,200  $ 

—  $ 
—  $ 

—  $  124,740,970 
—  $  124,740,970 

Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2019

Carrying
Amount

Quoted Prices in
Active  Markets
Level 1

Significant Other
Observable  Inputs
Level 2

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
Level 3

$ 

$ 

95,512,200  $ 

95,512,200  $ 

—  $ 

—  $ 

—  $  100,900,952 

—  $  100,900,952 

The fair value of long-term debt is estimated by discounting the future cash flows of the fixed rate debt based on the 
underlying 20-year Treasury rate or other Treasury instrument with a corresponding maturity period and estimated 
credit spread extrapolated based on market conditions since the issuance of the debt.

FASB ASC 825 – Financial Instruments requires disclosures regarding concentrations of credit risk from financial 
instruments. Cash equivalents are investments in high-grade, short-term securities (original maturity less than three 
months), placed with financially sound institutions. Accounts receivable are from a diverse group of customers 
including individuals and small and large companies in various industries.  The Company maintains certain credit 
standards with its customers and requires a customer deposit if such evaluation warrants.

14. 

QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

Quarterly financial data for the years ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 is summarized as follows: 

2020
Operating revenues

Operating income (loss)

Net income (loss)

Earnings (loss) per share of common 
stock:

Basic

Diluted

2019
Operating revenues

Operating income

Net income

Earnings per share of common stock:

       Basic

       Diluted

15. 

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

First
Quarter

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

19,785,453  $ 

22,437,731  $ 

11,071,918  $ 

9,780,289 

5,081,979  $ 

6,999,616  $ 

1,335,663  $ 

4,006,936  $ 

5,680,316  $ 

1,206,578  $ 

(899,076) 

(329,296) 

0.50  $ 
0.49  $ 

0.70  $ 
0.70  $ 

0.15  $ 
0.15  $ 

(0.04) 
(0.04) 

First
Quarter

Second
Quarter

Third
Quarter

Fourth
Quarter

21,216,747  $ 

25,274,959  $ 

11,682,950  $ 

9,851,869 

3,264,222  $ 

6,203,483  $ 

1,637,057  $ 

2,434,162  $ 

4,670,090  $ 

1,138,555  $ 

490,702 

455,605 

0.30  $ 

0.30  $ 

0.58  $ 

0.58  $ 

0.14  $ 

0.14  $ 

0.06 

0.06 

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued. There were no 
other items not otherwise disclosed which would have materially impacted the Company’s consolidated financial 
statements.

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 9.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

None.

Item 9A.

Controls and Procedures.

The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to be effective in providing 
reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in reports under the Exchange Act are recorded, 
processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that such 
information is accumulated and communicated to management to allow for timely decisions regarding required 
disclosure.

As of September 30, 2020, the Company completed an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of 
management, including the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and 
operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, the chief executive officer 
and chief financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the 
reasonable assurance level as of September 30, 2020.

Management routinely reviews the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and makes changes, as 
necessary, to enhance the effectiveness of the internal controls over financial reporting. There were no changes in the 
internal controls over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year covered by this report that have 
materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting.

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial 
reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934).  Internal control over financial 
reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation and fair presentation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP and include 
those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and 
fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that 
transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that 
receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the management and directors of the 
Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, 
use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of the inherent limitations, any system of internal control over financial reporting, no matter how well 
designed, may not prevent or detect misstatements due to the possibility that a control can be circumvented or 
overridden or that misstatements due to error or fraud may occur that are not detected.  Projections of the effectiveness 
to future periods are subject to the risk that the internal controls may become inadequate because of changes in 
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures included in such controls may deteriorate.  
The Company’s internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP.

The Company has conducted an evaluation of the design and effectiveness of the Company’s system of internal control 
over financial reporting as of September 30, 2020, based on the framework set forth in ”Internal Control - Integrated 
Framework (2013)” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.  Based upon 
such evaluation, the Company concluded that, as of September 30, 2020, the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting was effective.

70

 
Item 9B.

Other Information.

None

71

Item 10.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

PART III

For information with respect to the executive officers of the registrant, see “Executive Officers" section in the Proxy 
Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources incorporated herein by reference. For information 
with respect to the Company’s directors and nominees and the Company’s Audit Committee, see Proposal 1 “Election 
of Directors of Resources” and “Report of the Audit Committee”, respectively, in the Proxy Statement for the 2021 
Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources, which information is incorporated herein by reference.  In addition, the 
Board of Directors has determined that Abney S. Boxley, III and Jacqueline L. Archer are audit committee financial 
experts under applicable SEC rules.

For information regarding the process for identifying and evaluating candidates to be nominated as directors, see 
"Director Nominations" in the Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources, which is 
incorporated herein by reference.

Information with respect to compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, which is set forth under the caption 
"Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports" in the Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources, 
is incorporated herein by reference. 

The Company has adopted a Code of Ethics applicable to all of its officers, directors and employees. The Company has 
posted the text of its Code of Ethics on its website at www.rgcresources.com. The Board of Directors has adopted 
charters for the Audit, Compensation, and Corporate Governance and Nominating Committees of the Board of 
Directors. These documents may also be found on the Company’s website at www.rgcresources.com.

Item 11.

Executive Compensation.

The information set forth under "Compensation of Directors", "Compensation Discussion and Analysis" and "Report of 
the Compensation Committee" in the Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources is 
incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

For information pertaining to securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans, see Part II, Item 5 
above.

The information pertaining to shareholders beneficially owning more than five percent of the registrant’s common stock 
and the security ownership of management, which is set forth under the caption “Security Ownership of Certain 
Beneficial Owners and Management" in the Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of 
Resources, is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 13.

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

The information pertaining to director independence is set forth under the caption “Board of Directors and Committees 
of the Board of Directors” and pertaining to transactions with related persons is set forth under the caption 
"Transactions with Related Persons" in the Proxy Statement for the 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources, 
which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14.

Principal Accounting Fees and Services.

The information set forth under the caption "Report of the Audit Committee" in the Proxy Statement for the 2021 
Annual Meeting of Shareholders of Resources is incorporated herein by reference.

72

 
 
 
 
Item 15.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

(a)

List of documents filed as part of this report:

PART IV

1. 

2. 

Financial statements filed as part of this report:

All financial statements of the registrant as set forth under Item 8 of this Report on Form 10-K.

Financial statement schedules filed as part of this report:

All information is inapplicable or presented in the consolidated financial statements or related notes 
thereto.

3. 

Exhibits.

At Market Issuance Sales Agreement, dated March 5, 2020, between RGC Resources, Inc. and 
Janney Montgomery Scott LLC, as agent (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1.1 on Form 
8-K as filed March 5, 2020)

Articles of Incorporation as amended (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 on Form 8-K 
as filed February 5, 2020)

Amended and Restated Bylaws of RGC Resources, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 
3(b) on the Form 8-K filed on February 7, 2014)

Specimen copy of certificate for RGC Resources, Inc. common stock, $5.00 par value (incorporated 
herein by reference to Exhibit 4(a) of Registration Statement No. 33-67311, on Form S-4, filed with 
the Commission on November 13, 1998, and amended by Amendment No. 5, filed with the 
Commission on January 28, 1999)

RGC Resources, Inc., Amended and Restated Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(b) of the Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2014)

Description of RGC Resources, Inc. Common Stock

P

Firm Transportation Agreement between East Tennessee Natural Gas Company and Roanoke Gas 
Company dated November 1, 1993 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(a) of the Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1994 (SEC file number reference 
0-367))

FSS Service Agreement by and between Columbia Gas Transmission LLC and Roanoke Gas 
Company dated July 23, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as 
filed July 26, 2019)

FTS Service Agreement by and between Columbia Gas Transmission LLC and Roanoke Gas 
Company dated July 23, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as 
filed July 26, 2019)

SST Service Agreement by and between Columbia Gas Transmission LLC and Roanoke Gas 
Company dated July 23, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as 
filed July 26, 2019)

FTS Service Agreement effective April 1, 2017 between Columbia Gas Transmission LLC and 
Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(f) of the Annual Report on 
Form 10-K as filed December 8, 2017)

FTS-1 Service Agreement between Columbia Gulf Transmission Corporation and Roanoke Gas 
Company dated September 3, 2004 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(k)(k)(k) of the 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for period ended December 31, 2004)

1 (a)

3 (a)

3 (b)

4 (a)

4 (b)

4 (c)

10 (a)

10 (b)

10 (c)

10 (d)

10 (e)

10 (f)

10 (g)

P

Gas Transportation Agreement, for use under FT-A rate schedule, between Tennessee Gas Pipeline 
Company and Roanoke Gas Company dated November 1, 1993 (incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 10(k) of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1994 
(SEC file number reference 0-367))

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10 (h)

10 (i)

10 (j)

10 (k)

10 (l)

10 (m)

10 (n)

10(o)

10 (p)

10 (q)

10 (r)

10 (s)

10 (t)

10 (u)

P

P

Gas Transportation Agreement, for use under IT rate schedule, between Tennessee Gas Pipeline 
Company and Roanoke Gas Company dated September 1, 1993 (incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 10(l) of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1994 
(SEC file number reference 0-367))

Gas Storage Contract under rate schedule FS (Market Area) Portland between Tennessee Gas 
Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas Company dated November 1, 1993 (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10(k)(k) of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended 
September 30, 1994 (SEC file number reference 0-367))

FTA Gas Transportation Agreement effective November 1, 1998, between East Tennessee Natural 
Gas Company and Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(s)(s) of 
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1998 (SEC file reference 
number 0-367))

Firm Storage Service Agreement effective March 19, 1997, between Virginia Gas Storage Company 
and Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(w)(w) of Annual Report 
on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 1998 (SEC file reference number 0-367))

Firm Storage Service Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Virginia Gas Pipeline 
Company, dated June 1, 2001 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(b)(b)(b) of Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2001 (SEC file number reference 
0-367))

FSS Service Agreement between Saltville Gas Storage Company L.L.C. and Roanoke Gas 
Company dated November 21, 2012 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(o) of the 
Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed December 8, 2017)  

Firm Pipeline Service Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Virginia Gas Pipeline 
Company, dated June 1, 2001 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(c)(c)(c) of Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2001 (SEC file number reference 
0-367))

Natural Gas Asset Management Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Sequent 
Energy Management LP effective April 1, 2018 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on 
Form 8-K as filed on March 27, 2018)

Amendment No. 1 to Natural Gas Asset Management Agreement dated July 31, 2020 by and 
between Roanoke Gas Company and Sequent Energy Management LP (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.6 on From 10Q as filed August 5, 2020)

Parental Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of Sequent Energy Management LP effective 
April 1, 2018 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed on March 27, 
2018)

Gas Transportation Agreement between Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas 
Company originally dated November 1, 1999 as amended May 17, 2016 (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.3 of Form 10-Q as filed August 4, 2016)

Amendment dated May 17, 2016 to Gas Transportation Agreement originally dated December 1, 
1993 between Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein 
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 10-Q as filed August 4, 2016)

Amendment dated May 17, 2016 to Gas Transportation Agreement originally dated November 1, 
1993 between Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company and Roanoke Gas Company (incorporated herein 
by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Form 10-Q as filed August 4, 2016)

Gas Transportation Agreement, for use under FT-A rate schedule between Midwestern Gas 
Transmission Company and Roanoke Gas Company dated March 11, 2019 (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 10-Q as filed May 6, 2019)

10 (v)

P

Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Bedford County dated February 21, 1966 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(o) of Registration Statement No. 33-36605, on Form 
S-2, filed with the Commission on August 29, 1990, and amended by Amendment No. 1, filed with 
the Commission on September 19, 1990)

74

 
 
 
 
 
10 (w)

10 (x)

10 (y)

10 (z)

10 (a)(a)

10 (b)(b)

10 (c)(c)

10 (d)(d)

10 (e)(e)

10 (f)(f)

10 (g)(g)

10 (h)(h)

10 (i)(i)

10 (j)(j)

10 (k)(k)

10 (l)(l)

P

P

P

P

P

P

Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Roanoke County dated October 19, 1965 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(p) of Registration Statement No. 33-36605, on Form 
S-2, filed with the Commission on August 29, 1990, and amended by Amendment No. 1, filed with 
the Commission on September 19, 1990 (SEC file number reference 0-367))

Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Botetourt County dated August 30, 1966 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(q) of Registration Statement No. 33-36605, on Form 
S-2, filed with the Commission on August 29, 1990, and amended by Amendment No. 1, filed with 
the Commission on September 19, 1990 (SEC file number reference 0-367))

Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Montgomery County dated July 8, 1985 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(r) of Registration Statement No. 33-36605, on Form 
S-2, filed with the Commission on August 29, 1990, and amended by Amendment No. 1, filed with 
the Commission on September 19, 1990 (SEC file number reference 0-367))

Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Franklin County dated September 8, 1964 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(t) of Registration Statement No. 33-36605, on Form 
S-2, filed with the Commission on August 29, 1990, and amended by Amendment No. 1, filed with 
the Commission on September 19, 1990 (SEC file number reference 0-367))

Resolution of the Council for the Town of Fincastle, Virginia dated June 8, 1970 (incorporated 
herein by reference to Exhibit 10(f) of Registration Statement No. 33-11383, on Form S-4, filed 
with the Commission on January 16, 1987 (SEC file number reference 0-367))

Resolution of the Council for the Town of Troutville, Virginia dated November 4, 1968 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(g) of Registration Statement No. 33-11383, on Form 
S-4, filed with the Commission on January 16, 1987 (SEC file number reference 0-367))

Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity for Franklin County dated March 5, 2019 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 10-Q as filed May 6, 2019)

Gas Franchise Agreement between the City of Roanoke, Virginia, and Roanoke Gas Company dated 
December 14, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed 
December 16, 2015)

Gas Franchise Agreement between the City of Salem, Virginia, and Roanoke Gas Company dated 
December 14, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed 
December 16, 2015)

Gas Franchise Agreement between the Town of Vinton, Virginia, and Roanoke Gas Company dated 
November 17, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed 
December 16, 2015)

RGC Resources Amended and Restated Key Employee Stock Option Plan (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 4(c) of Registration Statement No. 333-02455, Post Effective Amendment on 
Form S-8, filed with the Commission on July 2, 1999)

RGC Resources, Inc. Amended and Restated Stock Bonus Plan (incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 10 on Form 8-K filed on January 27, 2005 (SEC file  reference number 0-367))

RGC Resources, Inc. Amended And Restated Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(i)(i) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed 
December 8, 2017)

RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of 
Form 8-K as filed February 9, 2017)

Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Paul W. Nester effective May 
1, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed April 29, 2020) 

Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Randall P Burton, II effective 
May 1, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed April 29, 2020)

10 (m)(m)

Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Robert L. Wells, II effective 
May 1, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed April 29, 2020)

75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10 (n)(n)

10 (o)(o)

10 (p)(p)

10 (q)(q)

10 (r)(r)

10 (s)(s)

10 (t)(t)

10 (u)(u)

10 (v)(v)

10 (w)(w)

10 (x)(x)

10 (y)(y)

10 (z)(z)

10 (a)(a)(a)

10 (b)(b)(b)

10 (c)(c)(c)

10 (d)(d)(d)

Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Carl J. Shockley, Jr. effective 
May 1, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed April 29, 2020)

Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Lawrence T. Oliver effective 
May 1, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 on Form 8-K as filed April 29, 2020)

Revolving Line of Credit Note in the original principal amount of $28,000,000 by Roanoke Gas 
Company in favor of Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated as of March 26, 2020 (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed March 30, 2020)

Credit Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated 
March 31, 2016 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed April 4, 
2016)

First Amendment to Credit Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo 
Bank, N.A. dated March 27, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as 
filed March 29, 2017)

Second Amendment to Credit Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo 
Bank, N.A. dated as of March  26, 2018 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 
8-K as filed March 27, 2018)

Third Amendment to Credit Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo 
Bank, N.A. dated as of March  26, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 
8-K as filed March 28, 2019)

Fourth Amendment to Credit Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Wells Fargo 
Bank, N.A. dated as of March 26, 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 
8-K as filed March 30, 2020)

Continuing Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. dated March 31, 
2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed April 4, 2016)

Indemnification and Cost Sharing Agreement by and between RGC Resources, Inc., Bluefield Gas 
Company and ANGD, LLC (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 10-K as filed 
December 21, 2007 (SEC file number reference 0-367))

Note Purchase Agreement for 4.26% Senior Guaranteed Notes due September 18, 2034 in the 
original principal amount of $30,500,000 in favor of The Prudential Insurance Company of 
America, PAR U Hartford Life & Annuity Comfort Trust and PRUCO Life Insurance Company of 
New Jersey (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed August 4, 2014)

Unconditional Parent Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of each of the holders of the notes: 
The Prudential Life Insurance Company of America, PAR U Hartford Life & Annuity Comfort 
Trust and PRUCO Life Insurance Company of New Jersey (incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed August 4, 2014)

4.26% Senior Guaranteed Notes due September 18, 2034 in the original principal amount of 
$15,250,000 in favor of The Prudential Insurance Company of America (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed September 23, 2014)

4.26% Senior Guaranteed Notes due September 18, 2034 in the original principal amount of 
$9,700,000 in favor of PAR U Hartford Life & Annuity Comfort Trust (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed September 23, 2014)

4.26% Senior Guaranteed Notes due September 18, 2034 in the original principal amount of 
$5,550,000 in favor of PRUCO Life Insurance Company of New Jersey (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed September 23, 2014)

ISDA Master Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Branch Bank and Trust dated 
as of October 27, 2008 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed 
November 5, 2008 (SEC file number reference 0-367))

Credit Agreement between RGC Midstream, LLC, Union Bank & Trust and Branch Banking and 
Trust Company dated December 29, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K 
as filed December 31, 2015)

76

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10 (e)(e)(e)

10 (f)(f)(f)

10 (g)(g)(g)

10 (h)(h)(h)

10 (i)(i)(i)

10 (j)(j)(j)

10 (k)(k)(k)

10 (l)(l)(l)

First Amendment to Credit Agreement between RGC Midstream, LLC and the lenders Union Bank 
& Trust and Branch Banking and Trust dated April 11, 2018 (incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed April 12, 2018)

Second Amendment to Credit Agreement between RGC Midstream, LLC and the lenders Union 
Bank & Trust and Branch Banking and Trust dated February 19, 2019 (incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed February 19, 2019)

Third Amendment to Credit Agreement between RGC Midstream, LLC and the lenders Atlantic 
Union Bank and Truist Bank dated December 23, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 on Form 8-K as filed December 23, 2019)

Amended and Restated Note in the principal amount of $24,600,000 in favor of Atlantic Union 
Bank due December 29, 2022 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as 
filed December 23, 2019)

Amended and Restated Note in the principal amount of $16,400,000 in favor of Truist Bank due 
December 29, 2022 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed 
December 23, 2019) 

Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of Union Bank & Trust and Branch Banking and Trust 
Company dated December 29, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K 
as filed December 31, 2015)

Term Loan Agreement dated November 1, 2016 in favor of Branch Banking and Trust Company 
dated November 1, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed November 
7, 2016)

Promissory Note dated November 1, 2016 in the principal amount of $7,000,000 in favor of Branch 
Banking and Trust Company due November 1, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on 
Form 8-K as filed November 7, 2016)

10 (m)(m)(m)

Guaranty Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Branch Banking and Trust Company on 
behalf of Roanoke Gas Company dated November 1, 2016 (incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed November 7, 2016)

10 (n)(n)(n)

10 (o)(o)(o)

10 (p)(p)(p)

10(q)(q)(q)

10(r)(r)(r)

10(s)(s)(s)

10(t)(t)(t)

Swap Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Branch Banking and Trust Company 
dated November 1, 2016 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed 
November 7, 2016)

Private Shelf Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and Prudential Investment 
Management, Inc. for the pre-authorization to issue notes up to $29,500,000 in total during the term 
of the agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed October 4, 
2017)

Second Amendment to Private Shelf Agreement dated as of December 6, 2019 (incorporated herein 
by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed December 9, 2019)

Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $4,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas 
Company and PRUCO Life Insurance Company of New Jersey, dated October 2, 2017 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed October 4, 2017)

Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $4,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas 
Company and Prudential Arizona Reinsurance Captive Company, dated October 2, 2017 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed October 4, 2017)

Unconditional Parent Guaranty by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of each of the holders of the notes: 
The PRUCO Life Insurance Company of New Jersey and the Prudential Arizona Reinsurance 
Captive Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed October 4, 
2017)

Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $5,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas 
Company and Highmark, Inc. dated March 28, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 on Form 8-K as filed March 29, 2019)

77

10(u)(u)(u)

10(v)(v)(v)

10(w)(w)(w)

10(x)(x)(x)

10(y)(y)(y)

10(z)(z)(z)

10(a)(a)(a)(a)

10(b)(b)(b)(b)

10(c)(c)(c)(c)

10(d)(d)(d)(d)

10(e)(e)(e)(e)

Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $3,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas 
Company and Prudential Arizona Reinsurance Term Company dated March 28, 2019 (incorporated 
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed March 29, 2019)

Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $2,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas 
Company and The Prudential Insurance Company of America dated March 28, 2019 (incorporated 
herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed March 29, 2019)

Unconditional Guaranty Agreement by and between RGC Resources, Inc. and Prudential 
Investment Management and each Prudential Affiliate which is a party to the borrowing 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed March 29, 2019)

Promissory Note in the original principal amount of $14,000,000 by and between RGC Midstream, 
LLC and Atlantic Union Bank, dated June 12, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 
10.1 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)

Loan Agreement between RGC Midstream, LLC and Atlantic Union Bank, dated June 12, 2019 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)

Unconditional Guaranty by and between RGC Resources, Inc. and Atlantic Union Bank 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)

Swap Agreement by and between RGC Midstream, LLC and Atlantic Union Bank, dated June 12, 
2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)

Promissory Note in the original principal amount of $10,000,000 by and between RGC Midstream, 
LLC and Branch Banking and Trust, dated June 13, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 10.5 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)

Loan Agreement between RGC Midstream, LLC and Branch Banking and Trust Company, dated 
June 13, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)

Unconditional Guaranty by and between RGC Resources, Inc. and Branch Banking and Trust 
Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 2019)

Swap Agreement by and between RGC Midstream, LLC and Branch Banking and Trust Company, 
dated June 13, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 on Form 8-K as filed June 17, 
2019)

10(f)(f)(f)(f)

**

Third Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Mountain Valley Pipeline, 
LLC dated April 6, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on the Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q as filed May 7, 2018)

10(g)(g)(g)(g)

10(h)(h)(h)(h)

10(i)(i)(i)(i)

10(j)(j)(j)(j)

10(k)(k)(k)(k)

10(l)(l)(l)(l)

Guaranty Agreement by RGC Resources, Inc. in favor of Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC 
(incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 10-Q as filed May 7, 2018)

Consulting Agreement between John S. D'Orazio, retiring CEO, and Roanoke Gas Company dated 
December 2, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(e)(e)(e)(e) on Form 10-K as filed 
December 3, 2019)

Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $5,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas and 
Prudential Arizona Reinsurance Universal Company, dated December 6, 2019 (incorporated herein 
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Form 8-K as filed December 9, 2019) 

Unsecured Note in the original principal amount of $5,000,000 by and between Roanoke Gas and 
Prudential Arizona Reinsurance Universal Company, dated December 6, 2019 (incorporated herein 
by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Form 8-K as filed December 9, 2019) 

Unconditional Guaranty Agreement by and between RGC Resources, Inc. and Prudential 
Investment Management and each Prudential Affiliate which is a party to the borrowings dated 
December 6, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on Form 8-K as filed December 
9, 2019) 

Private Shelf Agreement by and between Roanoke Gas Company and MetLife Investment 
Management Limited dated September 30, 2020, for the pre-authorization to issue notes up to the 
aggregate amount of  $70,000,000 in total during the term of the agreement 

78

13

14

21

23

31.1

31.2

32.1

32.2

101

Annual Report

Code of Ethics (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 14 on Form 8-K as filed April 29, 2020)

Subsidiaries of the Company

Consent of Brown, Edwards & Company, LLP

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer

*

*

Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer

Section 1350 Certification of Principal Financial Officer

The following documents from the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the years ended 
September 30, 2020 and 2019, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language); 
Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2020 and 2019, (ii) Consolidated Statements of 
Income for the years ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, (iii) Consolidated Statements of 
Comprehensive Income for the years ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, (iv) Consolidated 
Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, (v) 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, and (vi) 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

* 

These certifications are being furnished solely to accompany this annual report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and 
are not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not to be incorporated by 
reference into any filing of the registrant, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general 
incorporation language in such filing.

** 

Confidential treatment has been granted with respect to portions of this exhibit, indicated by asterisks, which has been 
filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

P 

These original exhibits were filed with the SEC in paper form and therefore are not hyper-linked to the original filing.

Item 16.

Form 10-K Summary.

Not applicable.

79

  
  
  
  
  
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

RGC RESOURCES, INC.

By:

/S/    RANDALL P. BURTON, II
Randall P. Burton, II
Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and CFO
(Principal Financial Officer)

December 3, 2020
Date

80

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been signed below 
by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

/S/    PAUL W. NESTER        

December 3, 2020

President and Chief Executive Officer, Director

Paul W. Nester

Date

(Principal Executive Officer)

/S/    RANDALL P. BURTON, II

December 3, 2020

Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and CFO

Randall P. Burton, II

Date

(Principal Financial Officer)

/S/    JOHN B. WILLIAMSON, III        

December 3, 2020

Chairman of the Board and Director

John B. Williamson, III

Date

/S/    NANCY H. AGEE        

December 3, 2020

Director

Nancy H. Agee

Date

/S/    JACQUELINE L. ARCHER
Jacqueline L. Archer

December 3, 2020

Director

Date

/S/    ABNEY S. BOXLEY, III        
Abney S. Boxley, III

December 3, 2020

Director

Date

/S/  T. JOE CRAWFORD        
T. Joe Crawford

December 3, 2020

Director

Date

/S/    MARYELLEN F. GOODLATTE        
Maryellen F. Goodlatte

December 3, 2020

Director

Date

/S/    J. ALLEN LAYMAN        
J. Allen Layman

December 3, 2020

Director

Date

/S/    S. FRANK SMITH        
S. Frank Smith

December 3, 2020
Date

Director

81

 
CORPORATE INFORMATION

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Nancy Howell Agee
President & CEO - Carilion Clinic

Jacqueline L. Archer
President and COO - Blue Ridge Beverage Company, Inc.

Abney S. Boxley, III
President, East Region - Summit Materials

T. Joe Crawford
Retired Vice President & General Manager - Steel Dynamics Roanoke Bar Division

Maryellen F. Goodlatte
Attorney & Of Counsel - Glenn, Feldmann, Darby & Goodlatte

J. Allen Layman
Private Investor & Retired President & CEO - Ntelos, Inc.

Paul W. Nester
President & CEO - RGC Resources, Inc.

S. Frank Smith
Retired Vice President, Industrial Sales - Alpha Coal Sales Company, LLC

John B. Williamson, III
Chairman - RGC Resources, Inc.

ANNUAL REPORT AND 10-K
This annual report, 10-K and the financial statements contained herein are submitted to the
shareholders of the Company for their general information and not in connection with any sale or
offer to sell, or solicitation of any offer to buy, any securities.

PUBLIC INFORMATION AND SEC FILINGS
Our latest news and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filings are available to view and
print on our website, www.rgcresources.com. Send written notice to Investor Relations to request
a printed copy of any Company publication.

ANNUAL MEETING
Our annual meeting of shareholders will be held virtually at the following URL www.virtual
shareholdermeeting.com/RGCO2021 on Monday, February 1, 2021, at 11:30 a.m. Proxies will be
requested from shareholders when the notice of meeting, proxy statement and form of proxy are
mailed on or about December 16, 2020.

Transfer Agent and Registrar:
Broadridge Financial Solutions Inc.
c/o RGC Resources, Inc.
P.O. Box 1342, Brentwood, NY 11717
Phone: (844) 388-9273 
Email: shareholder@broadridge.com
Web: shareholder.broadridge.com/rgco/

Analyst and Media Inquiries:
RGC Resources, Inc.
c/o Analyst/Media Inquiries,
P.O. Box 13007, Roanoke, VA 24030
Email: Investor_Relations@RGCResources.com
Web: www.rgcresources.com/investor-financial-information/

519 Kimball Avenue, NE
P.O. Box 13007
Roanoke, Virginia 24030-3007

www.rgcresources.com

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Twitter.com/RoanokeGas

Trading on NASDAQ as RGCO