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Ricebran Technologies

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Industry Packaged Foods
Employees 201-500
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FY2017 Annual Report · Ricebran Technologies
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Dear Fellow Shareholders: 

We are pleased to report on RiceBran Technologies accomplishments in 2017, most of which were 
focused on making significant structural improvements that will help us transition to growth in 
2018 and beyond.  We made major progress on improving the company’s liquidity, lowering its 
debt, and enlarging its shareholders’ equity.  The company successfully narrowed its operational 
focus  to  the  ingredient  industry  by  exiting  two  non-core  businesses,  one  of  which  was  losing 
massive amounts of money.  We made important investments in strengthening our management 
and  sales  teams.    We  realized  significant  savings  in  our  operating  costs.    And  we  made  major 
progress in pursuing certification under the Food Safety Modernization Act.   

Management prepared and implemented an aggressive plan starting in late 2016 to improve RBT’s 
financial condition by divesting our non-core assets while also focusing our operations on Food, 
Animal  Nutrition and  Premium/Specialty  rice bran  ingredients.  We also focused  on managing 
costs  and  expenses  through  consolidation  of  our  operations  and  improvements  in  operational 
processes and efficiencies.  This plan resulted in several major achievements in 2017 that have 
directly contributed to RBT’s improved financial condition and are helping position the company 
for meaningful growth in 2018 and beyond.  These included: 

•  We secured financing in the first quarter of 2017 that provided RBT much-needed liquidity, 
which enabled us to implement and complete our strategy to divest of non-core assets and 
substantially improve the balance sheet.   

•  RBT strengthened its management team through several key hires and promotions.  Brent 
Rystrom joined RBT as Chief Financial Officer in March of 2017, and in early 2018 was 
also named Chief Operating Officer to help implement our growth strategy.  Dennis Dykes 
was promoted to the newly created position of Chief Accounting Officer, highlighting his 
growing role in RBT.  And Kevin Mosley was appointed Senior Vice President of Sales in 
August, bringing extensive food and ingredient industry experience to our growing sales 
team.  The board was also expanded and enhanced with the addition of Bob Bucklin.   Mr. 
Bucklin has over 38 years of extensive financial experience within the food and agriculture 
industries.   

•  We  also  made  significant  investments  in  our  sales  and  marketing  team,  in  addition  to 
adding Kevin Mosley, allowing us to position along customer segments that should drive 
improved leverage of customer opportunities.        

•  RBT consolidated two smaller and older warehouse and distribution facilities into a single 
more modern and food-grade facility in West Sacramento California, enhancing our food 
safety, production, product quality, warehousing and distribution.   

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•  The company sold Healthy Natural – a non-core business - for $18.3 million in July, the 
proceeds of which enabled us to eliminate almost all of our debt and substantially increased 
our cash and cash equivalents and shareholders’ equity.  

•  RBT reached two important agreements in regards to our investment in Nutra SA, another 
non-core business.  RBT was able to agree to a change in terms of our ownership agreement 
with our partner in that business in April of 2017, which allowed us to reclassify warrants 
from liability to equity accounting, helping improve our balance sheet and resolve part of 
our Nasdaq listing issues (our share price moving above the $1 minimum bid requirement 
consistently resolved our other issue).  In November 2017 we completed an agreement to 
exit  our  investment  in  Nutra  SA,  which  also  improved  our  balance  sheet  as  RBT  had 
negative shareholders’ equity in that investment that was partially recaptured on our exit.  
Nutra SA was highly unprofitable and exiting this business has sharply reduced our losses.   
•  The company reduced expenses by $2.5M through a continued strategic focus to carefully 

manage RBT’s resources.  

•  Continental Grain – a leading and substantial investor in food and agribusiness companies 
– became a major shareholder in September of 2017 through a direct investment that further 
strengthened our balance sheet.   

•  RBT’s  balance  sheet  improved  markedly  as  a  result  of  these  efforts:  cash  and  cash 
equivalents totaled $6.2 million at the end of 2017 compared to $342,000 at the end of 
2016, debt was reduced to about $30,000 at the end of 2017 compared to $9.0 million at 
the end of 2016, and shareholders’ equity at the end of 2017 of $14.7 million was up from 
$(632,000) at the prior year-end.     

•  We started the process of securing space in Houston for our new corporate headquarters, 
and we plan to occupy this location during the second quarter of 2018.  Houston will give 
us much better access to the Delta region of rice production, where 80% of U.S. rice is 
produced (Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri and Texas are the key states in that region) and 
where much of our operational growth will be focused.    

RBT’s improved financial condition and operational efforts allows us to confidently communicate 
to our customers, mill partners, employees and shareholders that we are increasingly focused on 
growing the business, becoming profitable, and improving shareholder returns.    

RiceBran Technologies is poised to benefit from two major trends on the Food side of our business: 
first, consumers are increasingly focused on healthy eating to improve personal well-being and, 
second,  the  increasing  demands  from  consumers  for  greater  ingredient  transparency  and 
understanding.    And  our  Animal  Nutrition  customers  see  performance  and  health  benefits  that 
should provide us major opportunities to expand in that part of our business.  Our customers are 
attracted to the better-for-you benefits of rice bran, a sustainable, nutritious, and evidence-based 
functional ingredient, and this forms the basis of our vision to offer the highest quality rice bran 
ingredients as a key driver of our growth.   

All  of  RBT  is  focused  on  successfully  completing  our  certification  efforts  in  several  stages 
throughout  2018.    We  are  well  positioned  to  pursue  meaningful  growth  in  all  of  our  customer 
segments.  We are making progress in strengthening and diversifying our bran supply, which will 
help us support growth over the next few years.  We are expanding our research and development 
spending, an effort that I am leading that will focus on commercializing new product and growth 

2 

 
 
 
 
opportunities that we have identified.  Our corporate culture is evolving, shifting from a simple 
survival focus in 2016 to realizing stability as 2017 progressed, and now employees are evolving 
to a culture based on building and growing the business.  All of this is being done as part of our 
efforts to attain positive adjusted EBITDA and becoming a profitable company.  We are looking 
forward to these opportunities.   

I  would  like  to  thank  our  employees  for  all  of  their  efforts  during  an  active  and  successful 
repositioning of RBT in 2017.  I would also like to thank our Board of Directors for their continued 
guidance  and  support  in  helping  the  management  team  through  efforts  to  improve  operations, 
finances, and growth.  It was a busy year and their input was critical and appreciated.   

Finally, I would also like to end this letter by thanking our shareholders for their support.  We are 
confident that our results in 2018 and beyond will speak to our success and we look forward to 
updating you on our progress.    

Sincerely, 

Robert D. Smith, Ph.D. 
President & CEO 
April 25, 2018 

3 

 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 

FORM 10-K 

[X]      ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)           
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the year ended December 31, 2017 

[   ]        TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) 
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
 For the transition period from                to 

Commission File Number 0-32565 

RiceBran Technologies 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its Charter) 

California 
(State of Incorporation) 
820 Riverside Parkway 
West Sacramento, CA 
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) 
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (602) 522-3000 

87-0673375 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 

95605 
(Zip Code) 

Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act: 
NONE 
Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act: 
Common Stock, no par value 
(Title of Class) 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes [  ] No [X] 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes [  ] No [X] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such 
filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes [X] No [  ] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File 
required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such 
shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes [X] No [  ] 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers in response to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, 
to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any 
amendment to this Form 10-K.  [  ] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or 
emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth 
company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  

Large accelerated filer [  ] 

Accelerated filer [  ] 

Non-accelerated filer [  ] 

Smaller reporting company [X]  

    Emerging growth company [   ] 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any 
new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  [  ] 

Indicate  by  check  mark  if  the  registrant  is  a  shell  company  (as  defined  in  Rule 12b-2  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended).  
YES [  ] NO [X]  

As of June 30, 2017, the aggregate market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates was $15,761,754 

As of March 8, 2018, there were 18,178,724 shares of common stock outstanding. 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Portions of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement for its annual meeting of shareholders, which Definitive Proxy Statement will be filed with the 
Commission not later than 120 days after the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2017, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual 
Report on Form 10-K. 

 
FORM 10-K 

INDEX 

PART I 

Item 1.  Business 
Item 1A.  Risk Factors 
Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments 
Item 2.  Properties 
Item 3.  Legal Proceedings 
Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures 

PART II 

Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 

Securities 
Item 6.  Selected Financial Data 
Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 
Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 
Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 
Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 
Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures 
Item 9B.  Other Information 

PART III 

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 
Item 11.  Executive Compensation 
Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 
Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 
Item 14.  Principal Accountant Fees and Services 

PART IV 

Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 

Signatures 

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K includes forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties.  These forward-
looking statements are not historical facts, but are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry, our 
beliefs and our assumptions.  Words such as “believes,” “anticipates,” “expects,” “estimates,” “intends,” “plans,” “projects,” “will,” 
“may” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying such 
statements.  These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and concern matters that could subsequently 
differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.  Future events and actual results could differ materially from 
those discussed in this Annual Report.  These risks and uncertainties include those described in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this 
Annual Report.  Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to revise any forward-looking statements in order to reflect 
events  or  circumstances  that  may  arise  after  the  date  of  this  Annual  Report.    We  do  not  endorse  any  projections  regarding  future 
performance that may be made by third parties. 

Unless  the  context  requires  otherwise,  references  to  “we,”  “us,”  “our”  and  the  “Company”  refer  to  RiceBran  Technologies,  and  its 
consolidated subsidiaries. 

3 

  
 
PART I 

ITEM 1. BUSINESS 

Overview 

Our Company 

We are an ingredient company serving food, animal nutrition and specialty markets focused on value-added processing and marketing 
of healthy, natural and nutrient dense products derived from raw rice bran, an underutilized by-product of the rice milling industry. 

We  apply  our  proprietary  and  patented  technologies  and  intellectual  properties  to  convert  raw  rice  bran  into  numerous  high  value 
products including: 

 
 

stabilized rice bran or SRB, and 
derivative products including:  

o  RiBalance, a complete rice bran nutritional package derived from further processing of SRB;  
o  RiSolubles, a highly nutritious, carbohydrate and lipid rich fraction of RiBalance;  
o  RiFiber, a protein and fiber rich insoluble derivative of RiBalance; and  
o  our family of ProRyza products, which includes derivatives composed of protein and protein/fiber blends. 

We manufacture and distribute SRB (for food and animal nutrition customers) and derivative products with an emphasis on utilization 
of our proprietary and patented food ingredients.  We process raw rice bran into various high quality, value-added constituents and 
finished  products.    Over  the  past  decade,  we  have  developed  and  optimized  our  proprietary  processes  to  support  the  production  of 
healthy, natural and non-genetically modified ingredients that are free of all major allergens for use in meats, baked goods, cereals, 
coatings,  health  foods,  high-end  animal  nutrition  and  animal  health  products.    Our  target  markets  are  food  and  animal  nutrition 
manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers, both domestically and internationally. 

We  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  California  in  1998.    From  July  2003  until  October  2012,  our  corporate  name  was 
“NutraCea.”  In October 2012, we changed our name to RiceBran Technologies.  As of December 31, 2017, our corporate headquarters 
are located in California.  We intend to relocate our corporate headquarters to Texas during the second quarter of 2018.  Over the past 
several years, we have acquired and divested of certain investments: 

 

 

 

 

 

2017 – Divested of our majority interest in Nutra S.A. LLC (Nutra SA).  Nutra SA’s only operating subsidiary was Industria 
Riograndens De Oleos Vegetais Ltda. (Irgovel), which operates a rice bran oil refining plant in Pelotas, Brazil. 
2017 – Divested of Healthy Natural, Inc. (HN), which had a formulating, blending and co-packaging facility in Irving, Texas, 
where we manufactured blended and/or packaged functional food products for the nutrition and functional food markets.   
2016 – Entered into a strategic supply partnership with the Thailand-based Narula Group of companies to add organic jasmine 
rice bran and organic red rice bran, as well as other organic products, to our portfolio of products. 
2014 – Acquired H&N Distribution Inc., an Irving, Texas based company now operating as Healthy Natural, Inc. (HN) which 
has  a  formulating,  blending  and  co-packaging  facility  in  Irving,  Texas,  where  we  manufacture  blended  and/or  packaged 
functional food products for the nutrition and functional food markets.   
2008 – Through our subsidiary Nutra S.A. LLC (Nutra SA), we initially acquired 100% ownership of Irgovel.  In 2011, we 
sold a minority interest in Nutra SA to AF Bran Holdings-NL LLC and AF Bran Holding LLC. 

We source SRB at three locations: two leased raw rice bran stabilization facilities located within supplier-owned rice mills in Arbuckle 
and West Sacramento, California; and one company-owned rice bran stabilization facility in Mermentau, Louisiana.  We produce our 
process patented Stage II products at our Dillon, Montana facility, including: RiSolubles, a highly nutritious, carbohydrate and lipid rich 
fraction  of  SRB;  RiFiber,  a  fiber  rich  derivative  of  SRB;  RiBalance,  a  complete  rice  bran  nutritional  package  derived  from  further 
processing  SRB,  and  our  ProRyza  family  of  products  including,  protein-  and  protein/fiber-based  products.    “Stage  II”  refers  to the 
products produced using our patented process technology operated at our Dillon, Montana facility.  We operate proprietary processing 
equipment and process-patented technology for the stabilization and further processing of rice bran into finished products.   

Our Products 

We believe our greatest market opportunities are in the food ingredient and animal nutrition markets.  Nutritionally balanced, minimally 
processed, clean-label food and animal feed ingredients are in high demand and we are strategically positioned to take advantage of this 
growing and sustainable market opportunity as discussed below in “Our Growth Strategy”. 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Food Ingredients 

Our  SRB  and  derivative  products  are  nutritional  and  beneficial  food  products  that  contain  a  unique  combination  of  oil,  protein, 
carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, fibers and antioxidants that enhance the nutritional value of popular consumer products.  Foods that 
are  ideally  suited  for  the  addition  of  our  SRB  to  their  products  include  processed  meats,  cereals,  snacks,  beverages,  baked  goods, 
breading and batters.   

In 2008, we received U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) approval to market rice bran 
as an ingredient to be used as a filler in comminuted meat products, such as meat and poultry sausages that contain binders, nugget-
shaped patties, meatballs, meatloaf and meat and poultry patties.  Our products replace ingredients like soy protein isolate, soy protein 
concentrate, modified food starch, pea protein and mustard flour at a significantly reduced cost.  With strong application benefits such 
as reduced cost per unit, increased product yield and reduced purge, we believe our SRB has a significant market opportunity in the 
comminuted meat market both inside and outside of the United States. 

Animal Nutrition 

Our SRB is marketed as a feed ingredient in the United States and international animal nutrition markets, and we will continue to pursue 
sales opportunities with attractive margins in those markets.  SRB is used as an equine feed ingredient and has been shown to provide 
health benefits.  Show and performance horses represent the premium end of the equine market and are a key target for our animal 
nutrition products.  We are also now pursuing numerous opportunities in the markets for companion animal products.   

About Rice Bran 

Rice is the staple food for over half of the world’s population, especially in some of the world’s most populous countries.  Asia accounts 
for roughly 90% of global rice production and China is the world’s number one rice producer.  Globally, the United States ranks 11th 
in rice production with approximately 2% of the global total. 

When harvested from the field, individual rice kernels are stored in common receiving locations such as farm silos for future delivery 
to grain dryers or area rice mills.  At this stage, large quantities of individual rice kernels are collectively called “paddy rice,” or “rough” 
rice.  In this form, the rice kernel is fully enveloped by the rice hull, which serves as a protective cover, shielding the inner rice kernel 
from damage. 

After storage and drying, if necessary, paddy rice is cleaned of foreign material (scalping, de-stoning and aspiration) just before it enters 
the first stage of milling, or paddy husking.  In the paddy husker, the hull is removed from rough rice by differential speed rubber rollers.  
Loosened hulls are carried off by aspiration.  After husking, a paddy separator uses a reciprocating motion to separate normal brown 
rice kernels (caryopsis) from unhusked kernels which are returned to the paddy husker. 

In the second stage of milling, the outer brown layers of bran are removed from the inner white starch endosperm by an abrasive or 
frictional milling process which produces a milled, white rice kernel.  After milling, white rice is typically sorted by size to remove 
broken pieces of rice kernels from whole kernels, as well as color sorting to remove discolored kernels.  Additional stages may  be 
required (per customer specifications) to polish the white rice to a smooth surface. 

Raw rice bran collected from the milling process is composed of rice germ and several sub-layers (pericarp, testa, nucellus and aleurone) 
surrounding the white starchy endosperm.  Commercial rice bran makes up approximately 10% of rough rice by weight.  Rice germ, an 
especially nutrient rich material, makes up approximately 10% of commercial rice bran by weight. 

As brown rice is milled into white rice, the oils present in raw rice bran come into contact with native lipase enzymes that are naturally 
present in the rice kernel.  These lipase enzymes initiate a rapid enzymatic hydrolysis of the oil, converting oils (triglycerides) into 
monoglycerides, diglycerides and free fatty acids (FFA).  As the FFA content builds in raw rice bran, the bran becomes unpalatable and 
off flavors (rancidity) develop.  If left unchecked, enzymatic degradation at normal room temperatures can increase the FFA levels to 
5-8% within 24 hours and can continue at a rate of approximately 4-5% per day thereafter.  Enzymatic degradation is the most serious 
form of degradation of raw rice bran.  Rice bran stabilization is the process of carefully deactivating native enzymes to prevent the 
increase of FFA otherwise caused by lipase enzyme activity.  Proper stabilization is critical in the preservation of the nutritional value 
of the bran, an important nutrient source that is largely used as animal feed or otherwise wasted. 

Historically  there  have  been  a  number  of  attempts  to  develop  rice  bran  stabilization  techniques,  including  the  use  of  chemicals, 
microwave heating or variations of existing extrusion technology.  Many of these approaches have had limited success in part because 
they have produced rice bran with limited shelf life or with significant degradation of nutrients. 

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Our Technologies 

Our Proprietary Rice Bran Stabilization Technology 

Our stabilization process uses proprietary innovations to create a combination of temperature, pressure and other conditions necessary 
to thoroughly deactivate enzymes without significantly damaging the structure or nutrient content of raw rice bran.  This means that 
higher value compounds in bran, such as oils, proteins and phytonutrients are left undamaged and are available for utilization.  Our 
process does not use chemicals to stabilize raw rice bran. 

Our stabilizers are designed to be installed adjacent to, on the premises of or in near proximity to any conventional rice mill so that 
freshly milled raw rice bran can be quickly delivered to our proprietary stabilizers.  Process logic controllers maintain exact process 
conditions within the prescribed pressure/temperature regime.  In case of power failure or interruption of the flow of fresh bran into the 
system, the electronic control system is designed to purge the equipment of materials in process and resume production only after proper 
operating conditions are re-established. 

SRB leaving our system is then discharged onto cooling units specifically designed to control air pressure and humidity.  Cooled SRB 
can be loaded into bulk hopper trucks for large volume customers or sent by pneumatic conveyor to a bagging unit for packaging into 
various size bags or 2,000-pound sacks. 

Each stabilization module can process approximately 2,000 pounds of bran per hour and has a capacity of over 7,200 tons per year.  
Stabilization production capacity can be doubled, tripled or further multiplied by installing additional units sharing a common conveyor 
and stage system, which we believe can handle the output of the world’s largest rice mills.  We have also developed and tested a smaller 
production  unit,  with  a  maximum  production  capacity  of  600  pounds  per  hour,  for  installation  in  locations  where  rice  mills  are 
substantially smaller than those in the United States. 

Additional  patented  and  proprietary  processes  involve  enzyme  treatment  of  SRB  to  produce  fractions  enriched  in  one  or  more 
macronutrients, including proteins, fibers, lipids and micronutrients such as vitamins, minerals and phytosterols, among others.  In these 
processes SRB in an aqueous slurry, is treated with one or more enzymes, centrifugally separated and the fractions dried on drum driers, 
spray driers or other drying systems. 

Our Stabilization Process 

Rice bran is free of all major allergens and is a valuable source of protein with a balanced amino acid profile for food ingredient products 
and is rich in healthy oil, vitamins, antioxidants, dietary fiber and other nutrients.  The approximate composition and caloric content of 
our SRB is as follows: 

18-23% 
Fat (oil) 
Protein 
12-16% 
Total Dietary Fiber  20-30% 
Moisture 
Ash 
Calories 

4-8% 
6-14% 
3.2 kcal/gram 

Rice bran contains approximately 18-23% oil, which has a favorable fatty acid composition and excellent heat stability.   

Intellectual Property 

We hold eight U.S. patents relating to the production or use of rice bran and rice bran derivatives.  In addition to the issued U.S. patents, 
we have been issued fourteen foreign patents covering the subject areas.  We intend to apply for additional patents in the future as new 
products, treatments and uses are developed.  

Our stabilization and processing activities are an adaptation and refinement of standard food processing technology applied to rice bran.  
We have chosen to treat certain of our methods and processes as a trade secret and not to pursue process or process equipment patents 
on the original processes.  However, as we develop improvements we intend to periodically review whether we should seek patent 
protection for them.  We believe that certain unique products, and their biological effects, resulting from our SRB may be patentable in 
the future.  We also hold a number of U.S. registered trademarks and trade names and have applied for additional marks. 

We continue to support internal as well as external R&D efforts that improve on existing technologies or lead to the development of 
new technologies relating to rice bran processing and applications. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Our Growth Strategy 

We are pursuing a simple growth strategy based on a few key initiatives.  Management, working closely with our Board, is focused on 
growing our markets and business, generating positive adjusted EBITDA (earnings before depreciation, interest, taxes, amortization and 
share-based  compensation  to employees  and  directors),  improving our financial  condition,  and  maximizing  shareholder value.   The 
following points summarize our growth strategy: 

1. 

Building  a  stronger  pipeline  of  sales  and  growth  from  existing  and  new  customers:  During  much  of  2017  we 
repositioned our sales team to take advantage of customer types and geographic reach.  We added expertise in companion 
animal,  snacks  and  bakery,  protein,  and  fiber  areas  to  complement  our  existing  selling  strengths  in  equine  and  lifestyle 
markets.   

2. 

3. 

4. 

The global and domestic markets are strong and rapidly expanding for minimally processed plant-based ingredients that 
provide dense and balanced nutrition in addition to evidence-based functionalities while also being free of all major allergens 
and being non-GMO.  The regulatory requirements to add front-of-label warnings on food items and increasing demand 
from consumers for foods that list fewer and less processed ingredients is driving food companies to replace standard food 
ingredients with cleaner ingredients, such as stabilized rice bran.  We anticipate further incorporation of our food ingredients 
by major consumer packaged goods food companies as more food companies adopt rice bran as a standard clean label food 
ingredient. This trend is not limited to food ingredients, as we are finding similar transition to clean ingredients among high-
end animal nutrition companies.  We believe this positions us well to pursue these growth opportunities.   

Concurrently working to strengthen our bran supply, with a particular focus on expanding in the Delta region of the 
U.S.: We are meeting with numerous participants in the U.S. rice milling industry to expand our footprint with additional 
bran supplies.  We are focused on building a stronger presence in the Delta region of the U.S. rice industry, particularly in 
Arkansas  and  Louisiana,  which  typically  account  for  near  70%  of  the  U.S.  rice  harvest  (over  50%  in  Arkansas  alone).  
Building a stronger presence in the Delta will also provide us with logistical benefits to serve our customers located east of 
the Rocky Mountains.  We also remain committed to building a strong presence in California, which typically accounts for 
over 20% of the U.S. rice harvest.   

Driving  operational  efficiencies  and  cost  and  expense  reductions:  We  are  focused  on  improving  our  operational 
efficiencies while driving cost and expense reductions.  Absorption has been an historical issue for the company, and we 
hope to improve absorption by driving greater volumes through our existing facilities, which should reduce our costs per 
unit of production.  We have made considerable efforts to lower costs and expenses as well in areas related to headcount, 
salaries and wages, travel and entertainment, and shop supply purchases. 

Consolidation  of  our  operating  footprint:  We  are  increasingly  focused  on  building  our  market  presence  in  the  Delta 
(Arkansas and Louisiana) in addition to our traditional focus in the Sacramento Valley region of California.  We recently 
occupied a 59,800 square foot office, distribution, and processing facility in West Sacramento, CA.  This facility provides 
us with a food grade building that will help us better meet our customer needs.  We also plan to occupy a new corporate 
office  in  The  Woodlands,  Texas,  during  the  second  quarter  of  2018.    The  Woodlands  is  located  near  Houston-Bush 
Intercontinental Airport, one of the most active airports in the U.S., and is a suburb of Houston, one of the fastest growing 
SMAs in the U.S.  The Woodlands is about a 2- to 3-hour drive from our existing facilities in Mermentau and Lake Charles, 
Louisiana, and provides us flights of 75 minutes or less to reach most of the key rice milling areas of the Delta states.  The 
large corporate population – the Houston SMA is habited by 54 Fortune 1000 companies – which provides us a large pool 
of possible employees versed in public company needs.  In addition, both regions allow us to partner with an established 
scientific and university community at and around institutions like University of California-Davis and Texas A&M.   

5. 

New product development: We are focused on extending our proprietary product and process technologies, finding new 
products and processes, and working to define new niches for existing products.   

Our Customers 

We use internal sales staff, outside independent sales representatives and third-party distributors to market our portfolio of products to 
customers  domestically  and  internationally.    In  2017  and  2016,  three  customers  accounted  for  39%  and  40%,  respectively,  of  our 
revenues. We continue to focus efforts on diversification of our customer base in an attempt to mitigate the concentration of customers.   

Our Strategic Alliances 

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In February 2016, we entered into an exclusive supply and cooperation agreement with a Thailand-based entity (Youji) granting us the 
exclusive  worldwide,  with  certain  exclusions,  supply  and  distribution  rights  for  their  organic  rice  bran.    In  addition,  as  part  of  the 
agreement we have agreed to lease two of our proprietary stabilization extruders to Youji for stabilization purposes at one of their rice 
mills.   

In  2013,  we  entered  into  a  series  of  agreements  with  various  affiliates  of  Wilmar  International  Limited  (collectively  “Wilmar).    In 
connection therewith, we sold a 50% membership interest in RBT PRO, LLC (RBT PRO) to Wilmar.  RBT PRO granted an exclusive, 
royalty free, perpetual sublicense of the license to use processes for deriving protein from rice bran to Wilmar for use throughout China 
and to us for use worldwide, excluding China.  Any royalty revenue derived from that same license would be revenue of RBT PRO. 

We also entered into a cross license agreement with Wilmar, and under the agreements, we obtained the right to purchase 45% of the 
capital stock of any entity Wilmar establishes to develop new products relating to rice bran or its derivatives, as defined in the agreement, 
using the intellectual property licensed to Wilmar.  If we decline the right to purchase 45% of the capital stock of any such new entity, 
we have the option to purchase 25% of the entity within two years of the entity’s formation.  The exercise price for this option will equal 
25% of the capital investment made in the entity, plus interest, as defined in the agreement. 

Government Regulations 

Our  operations  are  subject  to  federal,  foreign,  state  and  local  government  laws  and  regulations,  including  those  relating  to  zoning, 
workplace safety and accommodations for the disabled and our relationships with our employees are subject to regulations, including 
minimum wage requirements, anti-discrimination laws, overtime and working conditions and citizenship requirements. 

In  both  our  United  States  and  foreign  markets,  we  are  affected  by  extensive  laws,  governmental  regulations,  administrative 
determinations, court decisions and similar constraints.  Such laws, regulations and other constraints exist at the federal, state or local 
levels in the United States, and at all levels of government in foreign jurisdictions, including regulations pertaining to the formulation, 
manufacturing, packaging, labeling, distribution, sale and storage of our products.  In addition, we are subject to regulations regarding 
product claims and advertising. 

The formulation, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, advertising, distribution and sale of our products are subject to regulation by one 
or more federal agencies, primarily the Food & Drug Administration (FDA), the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the USDA.  Our 
activities are also regulated by various governmental agencies for the states and localities in which our products are manufactured and 
sold, as well as by governmental agencies in certain countries outside the United States, such as Brazil (discussed below), in which our 
products are manufactured and sold.  Among other matters, regulation by the FDA and FTC is concerned with product safety and claims 
made with respect to a product’s ability to provide health-related benefits.  Specifically, the FDA, under the Federal Food, Drug and 
Cosmetic Act (FDCA), regulates the formulation, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, distribution and sale of food and food ingredients.  
The FTC regulates the advertising of these products. 

Federal agencies, primarily the FDA and the FTC, have a variety of procedures and enforcement remedies available to them, including 
initiating  investigations,  issuing  warning  letters  and  cease-and-desist  orders,  requiring  corrective  labeling  or  advertising,  requiring 
consumer redress such as requiring that a company offer to repurchase products previously sold, seeking injunctive relief or product 
seizures, imposing civil penalties or commencing criminal prosecution.  In addition, certain state agencies have similar authority.  These 
federal and state agencies have in the past used these remedies in regulating participants in the food and food ingredient industries, 
including the imposition of civil penalties. 

The FDA Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA), enacted January 4, 2011, amended the FDCA to significantly enhance the FDA’s 
authority over various aspects of food regulation.  The FSMA granted the FDA mandatory recall authority when the FDA determines 
there is a reasonable probability that a food is adulterated or misbranded and that the use of, or exposure to, the food will cause serious 
adverse health consequences or death to humans or animals.  One of the more significant changes under FSMA is the requirement of 
hazard analysis and risk-based preventive controls (HARPC) for all human and animal food processing facilities.  We are committed to 
FSMA compliance and currently working toward SQF certification for each of our facilities.  

Any substance that is intentionally added to food is a food additive and is subject to premarket review and approval by the FDA, unless 
the substance is generally recognized, among qualified experts, as having been adequately shown to be safe under the conditions of its 
intended use, or unless  the use  of  the  substance  is otherwise  excluded  from  the  definition of  a  food  additive.   When  an  additive  is 
proposed for use in a meat, its safety, technical function and conditions of use must also be evaluated by the USDA.  Because the USDA 
retains jurisdiction over meat products and food ingredients intended for use in meats, the use of our SRB meat enhancers is regulated 
by this agency.  SRB has USDA approval for use in certain meat products. 

Animal feed ingredients are regulated by the FDA at the federal level and by the individual states.  Our SRB is defined for animal use 

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as heat stabilized rice bran for use as a feed ingredient. 

Our Competition 

There are a number of companies that have invested significant resources to develop technologies for stabilizing and further processing 
rice bran and who market rice bran products with varying levels of stabilization into multiple markets around the world.  We believe 
that we have best of breed technologies for stabilizing rice bran and, as such, have developed significant brand recognition in the animal 
feed and food ingredient product sectors both domestically and internationally.  Together with our decades of application technology 
know-how and patented processing methods, we believe that we have a first-to-market advantage over the competition with respect to 
our SRB. 

We are aware of several new producers of rice-based animal nutrition and food ingredient products in the United States, Europe and 
Asia.  We believe that our major competitors include producers of isolated soy protein, wheat bran and oat bran, particularly in the food 
ingredients market segment. 

We compete with other companies that offer products incorporating SRB as well as companies that offer other food ingredients.  Many 
consumers may consider such products to be a replacement for the products we manufacture and distribute. 

Our Employees 

As of December 31, 2017, we had 65 employees located in the United States.  Our employee count may change periodically.  From year 
to year we experience normal variable labor fluctuation at our production facilities.  We believe relations with our employees are good.  
None of our employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements.   

Available Information 

We maintain an Internet website at the following address: www.ricebrantech.com.  We make available on or through our Internet website 
certain reports and amendments to those reports that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in accordance with 
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act).  These include our annual reports on Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on Form 10-
Q, our current reports on Form 8-K and the reports of beneficial ownership.  We make this information available on our website free of 
charge as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file the information with, or furnish it to, the SEC.  The contents of our 
website are not incorporated by reference in this report on Form 10-K and shall not be deemed “filed” under the Exchange Act.   

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS 

Our  operations  and  financial  results  are  subject  to  various  risks  and  uncertainties,  including  those  described  below,  which  could 
adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and the trading price of our common stock.  Investors 
or potential investors in our stock should carefully consider the risks described below. 

Risks Relating to Our Business 

We have not yet achieved annual positive cash flows. 

RISK FACTORS 

Our net cash used in operating activities of continuing operations was $5.0 million in 2017 and $8.5 million in 2016.  We may not be 
able to achieve revenue growth, profitability or positive cash flow, on either a quarterly or annual basis, and that profitability, if achieved, 
may not be sustained.  If we are unable to achieve or sustain profitability, we may not be financially viable in the future and may have 
to curtail, suspend, or cease operations, restructure existing operations to attempt to ensure future viability, or pursue other alternatives 
such as re-filing for bankruptcy, pursuing dissolution and liquidation, seeking to merge with another company, selling all or substantially 
all of our assets or raising additional capital through equity or debt financings.   

We have generated significant losses since our inception in 2000, and losses in the future could cause the trading price of our stock 
to decline or have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, our ability to pay our debts as they become due and on our 
cash flows. 

Since we began operations in February 2000, we have incurred an accumulated deficit in excess of $265 million.  We may not be able 
to achieve or maintain profitable operations if achieved.  If our losses continue, our liquidity may continue to be severely impaired, our 
stock price may fall and our shareholders may lose all or a significant portion of their investment.  If we are not able to attain profitability 

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in the near future our financial condition could deteriorate further which could have a material adverse impact on our business and 
prospects and result in a significant or complete loss of shareholder investment.  Further, we may be unable to pay our debt obligations 
as they become due, which include obligations to secured creditors. 

We may need to raise additional funds through debt or equity financings in the future to achieve our business objectives and to 
satisfy our cash obligations, which would dilute the ownership of our existing shareholders and possibly subordinate certain of their 
rights to the rights of new investors. 

We may need to raise additional funds through debt or equity financings in order to complete our ultimate business objectives.  We also 
may choose to raise additional funds in debt or equity financings if they are available to us on reasonable terms to increase our working 
capital, strengthen our financial position or to make acquisitions.  Our board of directors has the ability, without seeking shareholder 
approval, to issue convertible debt and additional shares of common stock or preferred stock that is convertible into common stock for 
such consideration as the board of directors may consider sufficient, which may be at a discount to the market price.  Any sales of 
additional equity or convertible debt securities would result in dilution of the equity interests of our existing shareholders, which could 
be substantial.  Additionally, if we issue shares of preferred stock or convertible debt to raise funds, the holders of those securities might 
be entitled to various preferential rights over the holders of our common stock, including repayment of their investment, and possibly 
additional amounts, before any payments could be made to holders of our common stock in connection with an acquisition of us.  Such 
preferred shares, if authorized, might be granted rights and preferences that would be senior to, or otherwise adversely affect, the rights 
and  the  value  of  our  common  stock.    Also,  new  investors  may  require  that  we  and  certain  of  our  shareholders  enter  into  voting 
arrangements that give them additional voting control or representation on our board of directors. 

Any material weaknesses in our internal control over financing reporting in the future could adversely affect investor confidence, 
impair the value of our common stock and increase our cost of raising capital.  

Any  future  failure  to  remedy  deficiencies  in  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  may  be  discovered  or  our  failure  to 
implement  new  or  improved  controls,  or  difficulties  encountered  in  the  implementation  of  such  controls,  could  harm  our  operating 
results, cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations or result in material misstatements in our financial statements.  Any such failure 
could, in turn, affect the future ability of our management to certify that internal control over our financial reporting is effective.  Inferior 
internal control over financial reporting could also subject us to the scrutiny of the SEC and other regulatory bodies which could cause 
investors  to  lose  confidence  in  our  reported  financial  information  and  could  subject  us  to  civil  or  criminal  penalties  or  shareholder 
litigation, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and the trading price of our common stock. 

In  addition,  if  we  or  our  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  identify  deficiencies  in  our  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting, the disclosure of that fact, even if quickly remedied, could reduce the market’s confidence in our financial statements and 
harm our share price.  Furthermore, deficiencies could result in future non-compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 
2002 and the 2013 COSO Framework.  Such non-compliance could subject us to a variety of administrative sanctions, including review 
by the SEC or other regulatory authorities. 

There are significant market risks associated with our business. 

We  have  formulated  our  business  plan  and  strategies  based  on  certain  assumptions  regarding  the  size  of  the  rice  bran  market,  our 
anticipated share of this market, the estimated price and acceptance of our products and other factors.  These assumptions are based on 
our best estimates; however, our assessments may not prove to be correct.  Any future success may depend upon factors including 
changes in governmental regulation, increased levels of competition, including the entry of additional competitors and increased success 
by existing competitors, changes in general economic conditions, increases in operating costs including costs of rice bran, production, 
supplies, personnel, equipment and reduced margins caused by competitive pressures.  Many of these factors are beyond our control. 

The anticipated benefits of moving our corporate headquarters to Texas may not be realized, and difficulties in connection with 
moving corporate headquarters could have an adverse effect on us.  

We intend to relocate our corporate headquarters to The Woodlands, Texas sometime during the second quarter of 2018.  We recognize 
some  of  our  executive  officers  and  other  key  decision  makers  may  not  relocate  to  Texas.    We  may  face  significant  challenges  in 
relocating our principal executive office to a different state, including difficulties in retaining and attracting officers, key personnel and 
other employees and challenges in maintaining corporate headquarters in a state different from where other employees, including other 
executive officers, corporate support staff and manufacturing facilities, are located.  Employees may be uncertain about their future roles 
within our organization as a result of the relocation. Management may also be required to devote substantial time to relocating our 
corporate headquarters and related matters, which could otherwise be devoted to focusing on ongoing business operations and other 
initiatives  and  opportunities.  Any  such  difficulties  could  have  an  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  results  of  operations  or  financial 
condition. 

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We may face difficulties integrating businesses we acquire.  

As  part  of  our  strategy,  we  may  review  opportunities  to  buy  other  businesses  or  technologies  that  would  complement  our  current 
products, expand the breadth of our markets or enhance technical capabilities, or that may otherwise offer growth opportunities.  Such 
acquisitions involve numerous risks, including, but not limited to: 

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problems combining the purchased operations, technologies or products; 
unanticipated costs; 
diversion of management’s attention from our core business; 
adverse effects on existing business relationships with suppliers and customers; 
risks associated with entering markets in which we have no or limited prior experience; and 
potential loss of key employees of purchased organizations. 

We depend on a limited number of customers and their ability to meet their obligations. 

In 2017, three customers accounted for 39% of revenues and the top ten customers accounted for 63% of revenues from continuing 
operations.  As of December 31, 2017, the customers with the highest ten balances accounted for 70% of accounts receivable. 

We are dependent upon the continued growth, viability and financial stability of our customers.  We expect to continue to depend upon 
a relatively small number of customers for a significant percentage of our revenues.  Consolidation among our customers may further 
reduce the number of customers that generate a significant percentage of our revenues.  This results in a concentration of credit risk with 
respect to our outstanding accounts receivable.  We consider the financial strength of the customer, the remoteness of the possible risk 
that a default event will occur, the potential benefits to our future growth and development, possible actions to reduce the likelihood of 
a default event and the benefits from the transaction before entering into a large credit limit for a customer.  Although we analyze these 
factors, the ultimate collection of the obligation from the customer may not occur.  Although we continue to expand our customer base 
in an attempt to mitigate the concentration of credit risk, the writing off of an accounts receivable balance could have an adverse effect 
on our results of operations.  Financial instruments that potentially subject us to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash 
and cash equivalents and trade receivables.  Historically, we have not experienced any loss of our cash and cash equivalents, but we 
have  experienced  losses  to our  trade  receivables.   A  significant reduction  in  sales  to  any  of our  significant  customers  could have  a 
material adverse effect on our results of operations. 

We may encounter difficulties in maintaining relationships with distributors and customers while enforcing our credit policies. 

We define credit risk as the risk of loss from obligors or counterparty default.  Our credit risks arise from both distributors and consumers.  
Many of these risks and uncertainties are beyond our control.  Our ability to forecast future trends and spot shifts in consumer patterns 
or behavior even before they occur are vital for success in today’s economy.  In managing risk, our objective is to protect our profitability, 
but also to protect, to the extent we can, our ongoing relationships with our distributors and customers.  However, as part of our credit 
risk  policies,  we  occasionally  must,  among  other  things,  cancel,  reduce  credit  limits  and  place  cash  only  requirements  for  certain 
questionable accounts.  These credit risk policies may negatively impact our relationships with our distributors and customers, which 
could adversely affect our results of operations. 

We rely upon a limited number of product offerings. 

The majority of the products that we have sold through December 31, 2017, have been based on SRB.  A decline in the market demand 
for our SRB or the products of other companies utilizing our SRB products would have a significant adverse impact on us. 

Our  ability  to generate  sales  is dependent  upon  our  ability  to  continue  our  ongoing marketing  efforts  to raise  awareness of our 
products and benefits of rice bran products generally. 

We are dependent on our ability to market products to animal food producers, food manufacturers, mass merchandisers, health food 
retailers and to other companies for use in their products.  We must increase the level of awareness and benefits of rice bran products to 
be used in food and food ingredients in general and our products in particular.  We will be required to devote substantial management 
and financial resources to these marketing and advertising efforts and such efforts may not be successful.   

Our ability to adapt to sudden increases in demand of our product is limited by an adequate supply of raw rice bran and our ability 
to find additional facilities for production. 

Many of our current products depend on our proprietary technology using raw rice bran, which is a by-product from milling paddy rice 
to white rice.  Our ability to manufacture SRB is currently limited to the production capability of our equipment located at our two 
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suppliers’ rice mills in California and our own plant located adjacent to our supplier in Mermentau, Louisiana.  At these facilities and 
our value-added product plants in Dillon, Montana, we currently are capable of producing enough finished products to meet current 
demand.  If demand for our products were to increase dramatically in the future, we would need additional production capacity which 
may take time and may expose us to additional long term operating costs. 

We may not be able to continue to secure adequate sources of raw rice bran to meet our future demand.  Since rice bran has a limited 
shelf life, the supply of rice bran is affected by the amount of rice planted and harvested each year.   

Adverse economic or weather conditions may impact our supply of raw rice bran. 

If economic or weather conditions, for example drought conditions in California, adversely affect the amount of rice planted or harvested, 
the cost of rice bran products that we use may increase.  We are not always able to immediately pass cost increases to our customers 
and any increase in the cost of SRB products could have an adverse effect on our results of operations. 

We face competition from other companies that produce bran, grains and other alternative ingredients with similar benefits as our 
rice brans. 

Competition  in  our  targeted  industries,  including  food  ingredients,  animal  feed  supplements  and  companion  pet  food  ingredients  is 
vigorous, with a large number of businesses engaged in the various industries.  Many of our competitors have established reputations 
for successfully developing and marketing their products, including products that incorporate bran from other cereal grains and other 
alternative ingredients that are widely recognized as providing similar benefits as rice bran.  In addition, many of our competitors have 
greater financial, managerial and technical resources than we do.  If we are not successful in competing in these markets, we may not 
be able to attain our business objectives. 

We must comply with our contractual obligations. 

We have numerous ongoing contractual obligations under various purchase, sale, supply, production and other agreements which govern 
our business operations.  While we seek to comply at all times with these obligations, we may not be able to comply with the terms of 
all contracts during all periods of time, especially if there are significant changes in market conditions or our financial condition.  If we 
are unable to comply with our material contractual obligations, there likely would be a material adverse effect on our financial condition 
and results of operations. 

We are affected by extensive laws, governmental regulations, administrative determinations, court decisions and similar constraints 
both domestically and abroad and our failure to comply with these laws, regulations and constraints could lead to the imposition of 
significant penalties or claims, which could harm our financial condition and operating results. 

In both the U.S. and foreign markets, the formulation, manufacturing, packaging, labeling, distribution, sale and storage of our products 
are affected by extensive laws, governmental regulations, administrative determinations, court decisions and similar constraints.  Such 
laws, regulations and other constraints may exist at the federal, state or local levels in the United States and at all levels of government 
in foreign jurisdictions.  We are subject to regulation by one or more federal agencies including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 
the  U.S.  Federal  Trade  Commission  and  the  U.S.  Department  of  Agriculture,  state  and  local  authorities  and  foreign  governmental 
agencies.  In addition, the adoption of new regulations or changes in the interpretations of existing regulations may result in significant 
compliance costs or discontinuation of product sales and may negatively impact the marketing of our products, resulting in significant 
loss of sales revenues.  Our failure to comply with these current and new regulations could lead to the imposition of significant penalties 
or claims, limit the production or marketing of any non-compliant products or advertising and could negatively impact our business. 

Change in U.S. tax law in December 2017 could potentially impact the measurement of our financial condition and operating results.  

On December 22, 2017, the United States enacted significant changes to U.S. tax law following the passage and signing of H.R.1, “An 
Act to Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Titles II and V of the Concurrent Resolution on the Budget for Fiscal Year 2018” (the Tax 
Act).   The Tax Act reduces the U.S. federal corporate tax rate to a maximum of 21 percent.  As of December 31, 2017, we have not 
completed our accounting for the tax effects of the enactment of the Tax Act, however, in certain cases, as described below, we have 
made a reasonable estimate of the effects on our existing deferred tax balances. The application of this rate reduction to the ending 
deferred  tax  assets  and  deferred  tax  liabilities  impacted  our  expense  for  income  taxes  by  $7.1  million  which  was  fully  offset  by  a 
corresponding change to our valuation allowance in 2017.  We are still analyzing the Tax Act and refining our calculations, which could 
potentially impact the measurement of our tax balances.  The Tax Act contains several base broadening provisions that became effective 
on January 1, 2018, that we do not expect to have a material impact on future earnings.   

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We may be subject to product liability claims and product recalls. 

We  sell  food  and  nutritional  products  for  animal  and  human  consumption,  which  involves  risks  such  as  product  contamination  or 
spoilage, product tampering and other adulteration of food products.  We may be subject to liability if the consumption of any of our 
products causes injury, illness or death.  We maintain a product liability policy for $5.0 million per year in the aggregate.  In addition, 
we may voluntarily recall products in the event of contamination or damage.  A significant product liability judgment or a widespread 
product recall may cause a material adverse effect on our financial condition.  Even if a product liability claim is unsuccessful, there 
may be negative publicity surrounding any assertion that our products caused illness or injury which could adversely affect our reputation 
with existing and potential customers. 

Many of the risks of our business have only limited insurance coverage and many of our business risks are uninsurable. 

Our business operations are subject to potential product liability, environmental, fire, employee, manufacturing, shipping and other risks.  
Although we have insurance to cover some of these risks, the amount of this insurance is limited and includes numerous exceptions and 
limitations to coverage.  In the event we were to suffer a significant uninsured claim, our financial condition would be materially and 
adversely affected. 

Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain, enforce and protect our patents, licenses and other intellectual property rights 
for our products and technology. 

Our success is dependent upon our ability to protect and enforce the patents, trade secrets and trademarks that we have and to develop 
and obtain new patents and trademarks for future processes, machinery, compounds and products that we develop.  The process of 
seeking patent protection may be long and expensive, and patents might not be issued or not be broad enough in scope.  We may not be 
able to protect our technology adequately, and our competition may be able to develop similar technology that does not infringe or 
encroach upon any of our rights. 

There currently are no claims or lawsuits pending or threatened against us regarding possible infringement claims, but infringement 
claims by third parties, or claims for indemnification resulting from infringement claims, could be asserted in the future or that such 
assertions, if proven to be accurate, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.  
In the future, litigation may be necessary to enforce our patents, to protect our trade secrets or know-how or to defend against claimed 
infringement of the rights of others and to determine the scope and validity of the proprietary rights of others.  Any litigation could result 
in substantial cost and diversion of our efforts and other resources, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition 
and results of operations.  Adverse determinations in any litigation could result in the loss of our proprietary rights, subjecting us to 
significant  liabilities  to  third  parties,  require  us  to  seek  licenses  from  third  parties  or  prevent  us  from  manufacturing  or  selling  our 
systems, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.  A license under a third 
party’s intellectual property rights might not be available to us on reasonable terms, if at all. 

We are dependent on key employees. 

Our success depends upon the efforts of our top management team and certain other key employees, including the efforts of our chief 
executive officer and chief financial officer.  Although we have written employment agreements with these employees, such individuals 
could die, become disabled or resign.  In addition, our success is dependent upon our ability to attract and retain key management persons 
for positions relating to the marketing and distribution of our products.  We may not be able to recruit and employ such executives at 
times  and  on  terms  acceptable  to  us.    Also,  volatility,  lack  of  positive  performance  in  our  stock  price  and  changes  in  our  overall 
compensation program, including our equity incentive program, may adversely affect our ability to retain such key employees. 

Compliance with corporate governance and public disclosure regulations may result in additional expenses. 

In order to comply with laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure, including  the framework 
established by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) entitled “Internal Control - Integrated 
Framework (the “2013 Framework), and other regulations issued by the SEC, such as Dodd-Frank, we may need to invest substantial 
resources to comply with these evolving standards, and this investment would result in increased general and administrative expenses 
and a diversion of management time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. 

Our officers and directors have limited liability and have indemnification rights. 

Our articles of incorporation and bylaws provide that we may indemnify our officers and directors against losses sustained or liabilities 
incurred which arise from any transaction in that officer’s or director’s respective managerial capacity, unless that officer or director 

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violates a duty of loyalty, did not act in good faith, engaged in intentional misconduct or knowingly violated the law, approved an 
improper dividend, or derived an improper benefit from the transaction. 

Risks Relating to Our Stock 

Our stock price is volatile. 

The market price of our common stock has fluctuated significantly in the past and may continue to fluctuate significantly in the future.  
The market price of the common stock may continue to fluctuate in response to a number of factors, including: 

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fluctuations in our quarterly or annual operating results; 
fluctuations in the cost of raw rice bran; 
developments in our relationships with customers and suppliers; 
our ability to obtain financing; 
announcements of new products or product enhancements by us or our competitors; 
announcements of technological innovations or new systems or enhancements used by us or our competitors; 
the loss of services of one or more of our executive officers or other key employees; 
developments in our or our competitors’ intellectual property rights; 
adverse effects to our operating results due to impairment of goodwill; 
failure to meet the expectation of securities analysts’ or the public; 
general economic and market conditions; 
our ability to expand our operations, domestically and internationally; 
the amount and timing of expenditures related to any expansion; 
litigation involving us, our industry or both; 
actual or anticipated changes in expectations by investors or analysts regarding our performance; and 
price and volume fluctuations in the overall stock market from time to time. 

In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been 
brought  against  that  company.    Our  stock  price  is  volatile  and  we  have  been  the  target  of  shareholder  litigation.    Any  shareholder 
litigation brought against us in the future could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention and resources from our 
business. 

We have significant “equity overhang” which could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and impair our ability to 
raise additional capital through the sale of equity securities. 

As of March 8, 2018, 18,178,724 shares of common stock were outstanding (including 1,275,452 shares of nonvested stock), 22,322,909 
shares of common stock were issuable upon exercise of our outstanding stock options and warrants, 597,865 shares of common stock 
were issuable upon conversion of preferred stock and 470,000 shares of common stock issuable upon vesting of restricted stock units.  
The possibility that substantial amounts of our common stock may be sold by investors or the perception that such sales could occur, 
often  called  “equity  overhang,”  could  adversely  affect  the  market  price  of  our  common  stock  and  could  impair  our  ability  to  raise 
additional  capital  through  the  sale  of  equity  securities  in  the  future.    The  issuance  of  the  additional  shares  upon  an  increase  in  our 
authorized shares of common stock would significantly increase the amount of our common stock outstanding and the amount of the 
equity overhang. 

The authorization and issuance of preferred stock may have an adverse effect on the rights of holders of our common stock. 

Our Board, without further action or vote by holders of our common stock, has the right to establish the terms, preference, rights and 
restrictions and issue shares of preferred stock.  The terms of any series of preferred stock could be issued with terms, rights, preferences 
and restrictions that could adversely affect the rights of holders of our common stock and thereby reduce the value of our common stock.  
The designation and issuance of preferred stock favorable to current management or shareholders could make it more difficult to gain 
control of our board of directors or remove our current management and may be used to defeat hostile bids for control which might 
provide shareholders with premiums for their shares.  We have designated and issued five series of preferred stock that no longer remain 
outstanding.  In addition, in February 2016 and February 2017, respectively, we designated and issued a sixth and seventh series of 
preferred stock, Series F and Series G.  As of March 8, 2018, no shares of Series F preferred stock and 630 shares of Series G preferred 
stock remain outstanding. We may issue additional series of preferred stock in the future. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If we fail to comply with the continuing listing standards of The NASDAQ Capital Market, our securities could be delisted. 

Our common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “RIBT”, and we also have outstanding warrants listed 
on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “RIBTW”.  For our common stock and warrants to continue to be listed on the 
NASDAQ Capital Market, we must meet the current NASDAQ Capital Market continued listing requirements, including maintaining a 
minimum of $2.5 million in shareholders’ equity and maintaining a minimum common stock bid price of $1.00.  If we were unable to 
meet these requirements, including, but not limited to, requirements to obtain shareholder approval of a transaction other than a public 
offering involving the sale or issuance equal to 20% or more of our common stock at a price that is less than the market value of our 
common stock, our common stock and warrants could be delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market.  If our securities were to be 
delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market, our securities could continue to trade on the over-the-counter bulletin board following any 
delisting from the NASDAQ Capital Market, or on the Pink Sheets, as the case may be.  Any such delisting of our securities could have 
an adverse effect on the market price of, and the efficiency of the trading market for our securities, not only in terms of the number of 
shares that can be bought and sold at a given price, but also through delays in the timing of transactions and less coverage of us by 
securities analysts, if any.  Also, if in the future we were to determine that we need to seek additional equity capital, it could have an 
adverse effect on our ability to raise capital in the public or private equity markets. 

There can be no assurance that we will continue to meet these continued listing requirements or other Nasdaq compliance standards in 
the future. 

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 

Not applicable. 

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES 

We maintain various facilities that are used for manufacturing, warehousing, research and development, distribution and administrative 
functions.  These facilities consist of both owned and leased properties.  The following table summarizes the properties used to conduct 
our operations as of March 15, 2018: 
                    Location                    

                             Primary Use                               

           Status            

West Sacramento, California 

Leased 

Warehousing, and corporate office 

  Mermentau, Louisiana 

   Owned 

   Manufacturing 

  Lake Charles, Louisiana 

   Building – owned 
   Land – leased 

   Warehouse 

  Dillon, Montana 

   Owned 

   Manufacturing 

  Scottsdale, Arizona 

   Leased 

   Administrative  

Our corporate headquarters is located in West Sacramento, California.  We lease approximately 4,500 square feet of administrative 
office space in Scottsdale. We are moving our corporate headquarters to The Woodlands, Texas during the second quarter of 2018, and 
our lease for administrative offices in Scottsdale terminates April 30, 2018.   

We believe that all facilities are in good operating condition, the machinery and equipment are well-maintained, the facilities are suitable 
for  their  intended  purposes  and  they  have  capacities  adequate  for  current  operations.    The  properties  are  covered  by  insurance  but 
insurance for the properties located in Louisiana is subject to high deductibles and limitations on damages due to tropical storms. 

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 

We currently are not a party to any material litigation or other material legal proceedings. From time to time, we may be subject to legal 
proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. 

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES 

Not applicable.   

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
    
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
    
  
  
  
  
PART II 

ITEM  5.  MARKET  FOR  REGISTRANT’S  COMMON  EQUITY,  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER  MATTERS  AND  ISSUER 
PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES 

Price Range of Common Stock 

Our common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “RIBT.”  Our CUSIP No. is 762831-10-5.  The following 
table sets forth the range of high and low sales prices for our common stock for the periods indicated below.  The quotations below 
reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, markdown or commission, and may not represent actual transactions.   

2017
Fourth Quarter
Third Quarter
Second Quarter
First Quarter

2016
Fourth Quarter
Third Quarter
Second Quarter
First Quarter

Low

High

 $       1.15 
          0.90 
          0.69 
          0.75 

$       1.55 
         1.40 
         0.99 
         1.16 

 $       0.74 
          1.17 
          1.12 
          1.07 

$       1.43 
         1.77 
         2.19 
         2.36  

Holders 

As of March 8, 2018, there were approximately 285 holders of record and 7,190 beneficial owners of our common stock. 

Dividends 

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock.  We currently anticipate that we will retain all future earnings 
for the expansion and operation of our business and do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future.   

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities 

During the quarter ended December 31, 2017, we issued the securities described below without registration under the Securities Act.  
Unless otherwise indicated below, the securities were issued pursuant to the private placement exemption provided by Section 4(a)(2) 
of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.  All issuances below were made without any public solicitation, to a limited number of 
persons and were acquired for investment purposes only. 

On December 15, 2017, we issued 511,602 shares of common stock upon the cashless exercise of a warrant for the purchase of up to 
1,546,667 shares of our common stock.  

During the quarter ended December 31, 2017, we issued 635,824 shares of common stock upon the conversion of 670 shares of Series 
G convertible preferred stock.  These issuances were exempt from registration pursuant to Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act of 1933. 

Share Repurchases 

We did not repurchase any of our common stock in 2017. 

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA 

Not applicable. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
                                                                            
                                                                         
             
    
             
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM  7.  MANAGEMENT’S  DISCUSSION  AND  ANALYSIS  OF  FINANCIAL  CONDITION  AND  RESULTS  OF 
OPERATIONS 

See Note 4 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of divestitures and discontinued operations. 

Results of Operations 

During the second quarter of 2017, we began to separately report the results of our wholly-owned subsidiary, Healthy Natural, Inc. (HN) 
and our investment in Nutra SA as discontinued operations in our consolidated statements of operations and present the related assets 
and liabilities as held for sale in our consolidated balance sheets.  These changes have been applied for all periods presented.  Unless 
otherwise noted, amounts and percentages for all periods discussed below reflect the results of operations and financial condition from 
our continuing operations.  Refer to Note 4 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on discontinued 
operations. 

Revenues
Cost of goods sold
Gross profit
Gross profit %

Selling, general and administrative expenses
Loss from operations
Other income (expense):
Interest expense
Change in fair value of derivative warrant liabilities 
Loss on extinguishment of debt
Gain on resolution of Irgovel purchase litigation
Other, net

Total other (expense) income

Loss before income taxes

Years Ended December 31
2017
2016

Change
%

(in thousands)

$                

13,355
9,564
3,791
28.4%

9,888
(6,097)

(1,623)
670
(8,290)
-
125
(9,118)
(15,215)

$              

$                

12,982
9,855
3,127
24.1%

12,384
(9,257)

2.9
3.0
21.2

20.2
34.1

(2,483)
1,625
-
1,598
563
1,303
(7,954)

$                

Revenues increased $0.4 million, or 2.9%, in 2017 compared to the 2016.  Animal feed product revenues increased 9%.  Animal nutrition 
revenue growth was driven by the supply and cooperation agreement entered into with Kentucky Equine Research (KER) at the end of 
December 2015.  Food product revenues decreased less than 2% year over year, primarily due to timing of shipments. 

Gross profit percentage increased 4.3 percentage points to 28.4% in 2017 from 24.1% in 2016.  The increase in gross profit was primarily 
attributable to the approximately 4.2% decrease in raw bran prices during 2017 compared to 2016.  Additionally, the improvement in 
gross profit was attributable to a decrease in obsolete inventory during 2017 compared to the prior year.   

Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses were $9.9 million in 2017, compared to $12.4 million in 2016, a decrease of $2.5 
million, or 20.2%.  The decrease is related to our continued strategic effort to manage costs and expenses.  Due to the reduction of staff 
and outside sales consultants, the SG&A salary, wages and benefits expenses decreased $0.8 million.  Additionally, travel expenses and 
marketing expenses decreased $0.4 million. 

Corporate portion of the SG&A expenses decreased $1.3 million, or 18%, in 2017 compared to the prior year.  This was primarily related 
to the additional expenses during the second quarter of 2016 incurred as a result of the proxy contest in connection with the 2016 Annual 
Shareholder Meeting.  Additionally, we incurred additional expenses during the third quarter of 2016 as a result of the settlement related 
to the termination of the former chief executive officer.   

Other income (expense) was $9.1 million of other expense for 2017 compared to $1.3 million of other income for 2016.  The $10.4 
million increase in expense is primarily related to an $8.3 million loss on extinguishment comprised of (i) a $6.6 million loss related to 
accreting  the  senior debentures  and  subordinated notes  to face value when  the notes were  fully  paid off  in  July  2017  from  the HN 
divestiture  proceeds  and  (ii)  a  $1.7  million  loss  on  extinguishment  of  debt  related  to  the  extinguishment  which  occurred  upon  and 
replacement of subordinated notes in February 2017 (see Note 8).  Interest expense decreased $0.9 million, to $1.6 million in 2017, as 
virtually all debt was paid in full in July 2017.  Change in fair value of derivative liabilities decreased $1.0 million between years and 
as of December 31, 2017, there are no derivative liabilities remaining.  Other income (expense) in 2016 included a $1.6 million gain on 
resolution of Irgovel purchase litigation. 

17 

 
 
  
 
 
 
        
                    
                    
        
                    
                    
      
                    
                  
      
                   
                  
      
                   
                  
                       
                    
                   
                       
                        
                    
                       
                       
                   
                    
 
 
 
 
 
Liquidity, Going Concern and Capital Resources 

See Note 1 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of liquidity. 

Cash used in operating activities of continuing operations is presented below (in thousands). 

Cash flow from operating activities of continuing operations:

Loss from continuing operations
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization
Stock and share-based compensation
Change in fair value of derivative warrant and conversion liabilities 
Loss on extinguishment of debt
Gain on resolution of Irgovel purchase litigation
Interest accreted
Deferred taxes
Other
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Years Ended December 31

2017

2016

$        

(10,185)

$          

(6,130)

757
1,073
(670)
8,290
-
1,000
(5,046)
32

936
1,275
(1,625)
-
(1,598)
639
(1,869)
5

(227)
808
(201)
(467)
(8,454)

Accounts receivable
Inventories
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Other

Net cash used in operating activities of continuing operations

(179)
279
(679)
303
(5,025)

$          

$         

We used $5.0 million in operating cash during 2017, compared to $8.5 million of operating cash in 2016.  We funded the use of cash 
with available cash on hand derived from the sale of the assets of HN for $16.7 million in cash, net of assumed liabilities.  The net 
proceeds from the HN divestiture were used in part to pay in full amounts of senior debentures ($6.6 million) and to pay principal and 
accrued interest on our subordinated notes ($6.0 million).  (see Note 4 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional 
information about the divestiture.) 

We received net proceeds of $7.2 million from the sale and issuance of preferred stock, senior debentures and related warrants from the 
February 2017 transactions.  The net proceeds were used in part to pay in full amounts owing our previous senior lender ($3.8 million) 
and to pay principal and accrued interest on our subordinated notes ($0.5 million).  In September 2017, we received net proceeds of $2.8 
million from the sale and issuance of common stock.  See Note 9 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional 
information.   

As of December 31, 2017, our cash and cash equivalents balance was $6.2 million and our restricted cash balance was $0.8 million (see 
Note 2), compared to $0.3 million as of December 31, 2016.   

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 

We have not entered into any transactions with unconsolidated entities whereby we have financial guarantees, subordinated retained 
interests, derivative instruments or other contingent arrangements that expose us to material continuing risks, contingent liabilities, or 
any other obligation under a variable interest in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing and liquidity support or market risk or 
credit support risk to us. 

Critical Accounting Estimates 

Principles of Consolidation – The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of RiceBran Technologies and all subsidiaries 
in  which  we  have  a  controlling  interest.    All  significant  inter-company  accounts  and  transactions  are  eliminated  in  consolidation.  
Noncontrolling interests in our subsidiaries are recorded net of tax as net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests. 

Use of Estimates – The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United 
States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at 
the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period.  Because of the 
uncertainty inherent in such estimates, actual results could differ from those estimates.   

18 

 
 
 
 
 
                
                
             
             
               
            
             
                 
                 
            
             
                
            
            
                  
                    
               
               
                
                
               
               
                
               
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Inventories - Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined by the first-in, first-out method.  
We employ a full absorption procedure using standard cost techniques.  The standards are customarily reviewed and adjusted annually 
so that they are materially consistent with actual purchase and production costs.  Provisions for potentially obsolete or slow-moving 
inventory  are  made  based  upon  our  analysis  of  inventory  levels,  historical  obsolescence  and  future  sales  forecasts;  while  inventory 
determined to be obsolete is written off immediately.   

Property and Equipment – Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.  Depreciation is computed on the 
straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets.  Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred while 
renewals and betterments are capitalized.  Gains or losses on the sale of property and equipment are reflected in net income (loss) 

We review our long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an 
asset may not be recoverable.  An impairment loss is recognized when the undiscounted future cash flows estimated to be generated by 
the asset to be held and used are not sufficient to recover the unamortized balance of the asset.  An impairment loss is recognized based 
on the difference between the carrying values and estimated fair value.  The estimated fair value is determined based on either the 
discounted future cash flows or other appropriate fair value methods with the amount of any such deficiency charged to operations in 
the current year.  Estimates of future cash flows are based on many factors, including current operating results, expected market trends 
and competitive influences.  Assets to be disposed of by sale are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value, less estimated 
costs to sell. 

Revenue  Recognition  –  We  recognize  revenue  for  product  sales  when  title  and  risk  of  loss  pass  to  our  customers,  generally  upon 
shipment.    Each  transaction  is  evaluated  to  determine  if  all  of  the  following  four  criteria  are  met:  (i) persuasive  evidence  of  an 
arrangement  exists;  (ii) delivery  has  occurred;  (iii) the  selling  price  is  fixed  and  determinable;  and  (iv)  collectability  is  reasonably 
assured.  If any of the above criteria cannot be satisfied then such a transaction is not recorded as revenue, or is recorded as deferred 
revenue and recognized only when the sales cycle is complete and payment is either received or becomes reasonably assured.  Changes 
in judgments and estimates regarding the application of the above mentioned four criteria might result in a change in the timing or 
amount of revenue recognized by such transactions. 

We make provisions for estimated returns, discounts and price adjustments when they are reasonably estimable.  Revenues are net of 
provisions for estimated returns, routine sales discounts, volume allowances and adjustments.  Revenues are also net of taxes collected 
from customers and remitted to governmental authorities. 

Amounts billed to a customer in a sale transaction related to shipping costs are reported as revenues and the related costs incurred for 
shipping are included in cost of goods sold. 

Recent Accounting Guidance - See Note 3 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the impact of recent 
accounting guidance, including the new standard on revenue recognition, effective January 1, 2018. 

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 

Not applicable. 

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of RiceBran Technologies: 

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of RiceBran Technologies (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2017 
and 2016, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, changes in equity (deficit) and cash flows for each 
of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”).  In 
our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 
2017 and 2016, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2017, in 
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.   

Basis for Opinion 

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the 
Company’s financial statements based on our audits.  We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting 
Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the 
U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.  

We conducted our audits of in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB.  Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or 
fraud.  The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. 
As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of 
expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting.  Accordingly, we express no such 
opinion. 

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error 
or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks.  Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding 
the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  financial  statements.  Our  audits  also  included  evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and 
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements.  We believe that 
our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

/s/ Marcum LLP 
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2014. 
Marcum LLP 
New York, NY 
March 15, 2018 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Consolidated Balance Sheets 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(in thousands, except share amounts) 

ASSETS
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $8 and $12
Inventories

Finished goods
Packaging

Deposits and other current assets
Current assets held for sale
Total current assets

Property and equipment, net
Other long-term assets, net 
Noncurrent assets held for sale
Total assets 

LIABILITIES, TEMPORARY EQUITY AND EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Current liabilities:

Accounts payable 
Accrued salary, wages and benefits
Accrued expenses
Unearned revenue 
Escrow liability
Current maturities of long-term debt
Current liabilities held for sale
Total current liabilities
Long-term debt, less current portion
Derivative warrant liabilities
Noncurrent liabilities held for sale
Total liabilities
Commitments and contingencies 
Temporary equity

Preferred stock, Series F, convertible, 20,000,000 shares authorized, 3,000

shares issued and outstanding
Total temporary equity

Equity (deficit):

Equity (deficit) attributable to RiceBran Technologies shareholders:

Preferred stock, 20,000,000 shares authorized:

2017

2016

$             
6,203
                  775 
              1,273 

$                
342
                     -   
               1,094 

                  564 
                  114 
                  519 
                    -   
               9,448 
               7,850 
                    63 
                     -   
$           
17,361

                  795 
                  138 
                  824 
               4,335 
               7,528 
               7,025 
                  242 
             14,050 
$           
28,845

 $               765 
                  773 
                  741 
                    75 
                  258 
                      4 
                     -   
               2,616 
                    12 
                     -   
                     -   
               2,628 

 $               714 
                  496 
                  904 
                  384 
                     -   
               3,063 
             15,801 
             21,362 
               5,964 
               1,527 
                    73 
             28,926 

                     -   
                     -   

                  551 
                  551 

Series F, convertible, 3,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
Series G, convertible, 3,000 shares authorized, 630 shares issued and outstanding

                     -   
                  313 

                     -   
                     -   

Common stock, no par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 
18,046,731 and 10,790,351 shares issued and outstanding

Accumulated deficit
Accumulated deficit attributable to noncontrolling interest in discontinued operations
Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total equity (deficit) attributable to RiceBran Technologies shareholders
Total liabilities, temporary equity and equity (deficit)

           279,548 
          (265,128)
                     -   
                     -   
             14,733 
$           
17,361

           264,232 
          (259,819)
                 (699)
              (4,346)
                 (632)
$           
28,845

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Consolidated Statements of Operations 
Years Ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts) 

Revenues
Cost of goods sold
Gross profit
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Loss from continuing operations before other income (expense)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense
Change in fair value of derivative warrant liabilities 
Loss on extinguishment of debt
Gain on resolution of Irgovel purchase litigation
Other income
Other expense

Total other income (expense)

Loss from continuing operations before income taxes
Income tax benefit
Loss from continuing operations
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
Net loss
Less - Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest 

in discontinued operations

Net loss attributable to RiceBran Technologies shareholders
Less - Dividends on preferred stock, beneficial conversion feature
Net loss attributable to RiceBran Technologies common shareholders

Basic earnings (loss) per common share:

Continuing operations
Discontinued operations

Basic loss per common share - RiceBran Technologies

Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:

Continuing operations
Discontinued operations

Diluted loss per common share - RiceBran Technologies

Weighted average number of shares outstanding:

Basic
Diluted

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

22 

2017

2016

$          

13,355
9,564
3,791
9,888
(6,097)

$        

12,982
9,855
3,127
12,384
(9,257)

(1,623)
670
(8,290)
-
307
(182)
(9,118)
(15,215)
5,030
(10,185)
3,983
(6,202)

(2,483)
1,625
-
1,598
563
-
1,303
(7,954)
1,824
(6,130)
(5,120)
(11,250)

(1,671)
(4,531)
778
(5,309)

$           

(2,720)
(8,530)
551
(9,081)

$        

$             

$           

$             

$          

$             

$           

$             

$          

(0.92)
0.47
(0.45)

(0.92)
0.47
(0.45)

(0.72)
(0.25)
(0.97)

(0.72)
(0.25)
(0.97)

11,923,923
11,923,923

9,338,370
9,338,370

 
 
              
            
              
            
              
          
             
           
             
           
                 
            
             
                
                  
            
                 
               
                
                
             
            
           
           
              
            
           
           
              
           
             
         
             
           
             
           
                 
               
                
             
                
             
     
   
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss 
Years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(in thousands) 

Net loss

Other comprehensive income - foreign currency translation, net of tax

Comprehensive loss, net of tax

Less - Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest, net of tax

2017

2016

 $    (6,202)

 $  (11,250)

184

775

       (6,018)

     (10,475)

(1,614)

(2,488)

Total comprehensive loss attributable to RiceBran Technologies shareholders

$     

(4,404)

$    

(7,987)

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
23 

 
 
           
           
       
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance, December 31, 2015
Common stock awards under equity incentive plans
Issuance of preferred stock and warrants
Dividend on preferred stock--beneficial conversion feature
Issuance of common stock to supplier
Other
Change in classification of redeemable noncontrolling interest

from temporary equity

Proceeds from sale of membership interests
Foreign currency translation 
Net loss
Balance, December 31, 2016
Common stock awards under equity incentive plans
Dividend on preferred stock - beneficial conversion feature
Modification of senior debenture holder warrants
Modification of subordinated note holder warrants
Reclassification of preferred stock to equity from temporary equity
Change in classification of warrants to equity from liability
Conversion of preferred stock into common stock
Proceeds from sale of common stock, net of costs
Exercise of warrants
Other
Proceeds from sale of membership interests
Foreign currency translation 
Nutra SA divestiture
Net loss
Balance, December 31, 2017

RiceBran Technologies 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity (Deficit) 
Years Ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(in thousands, except share amounts) 

 Shares 

 Preferred 

Series F
-
-
-
-
-
-

Series G
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3,000
-
(3,000)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2,000
-
(1,370)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
630

 Common 

9,537,415
174,825
-
-
950,000
128,111

-
-
-
-

10,790,351
642,839
-
-
-
-
-

3,300,118
2,654,732
614,610
44,081
-
-
-
-

18,046,731

 Preferred  
Stock
$            
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,545
-
(1,232)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
$            
313

 Accumulated Deficit 
Attributable to 
Noncontrolling 
Interest in 
Discontinued  
 Operations 
$                           
-
-

 Accumulated 
Other Comp-
rehensive 
 Loss 

$          

(4,889)
-

-

(20)

-

-

$     

 Common 
 Stock 
262,895
1,011
(447)
551
-
222

 Accumulated 
 Deficit 

$      

(250,738)
-

(551)

-

-
-
-
-
264,232
947
778
582
117
-
7,980
1,232
2,730
848
102
-
-
-
-
279,548

$     

-
-
-
(8,530)
(259,819)
-
(778)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
(4,531)
(265,128)

$      

69
1,740
232
(2,720)
(699)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
650
56
1,664
(1,671)
$                           
-

-
-
543
-
(4,346)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
128
4,218
-
$               
-

 Equity 
(Deficit)

$           

7,268
1,011
(447)
-
-
202

69
1,740
775
(11,250)
(632)
947
-
582
117
1,545
7,980
-
2,730
848
102
650
184
5,882
(6,202)
14,733

$         

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

24 

 
             
              
              
             
              
                 
              
           
                 
                             
                 
             
             
              
                        
              
            
               
             
              
                        
              
              
               
                             
                 
                 
             
              
                 
              
              
                 
             
              
                 
              
              
                 
                             
                 
                
             
              
                        
              
              
                 
                              
                 
                  
             
              
                        
              
              
                 
                         
                 
             
             
              
                        
              
              
                 
                            
                 
                
             
              
                        
              
              
            
                        
                 
          
             
              
            
              
       
        
                           
            
               
             
              
                 
              
              
                 
                             
                 
                
             
              
                        
              
              
               
                             
                 
                 
             
              
                        
              
              
                 
                             
                 
                
             
              
                        
              
              
                 
                             
                 
                
         
           
                        
           
              
                 
                             
                 
             
             
              
                        
              
           
                 
                             
                 
             
        
         
              
         
           
                 
                             
                 
                 
             
              
              
              
           
                 
                             
                 
             
             
              
                 
              
              
                 
                             
                 
                
             
              
                   
              
              
                 
                             
                 
                
             
              
                        
              
              
                 
                            
                 
                
             
              
                        
              
              
                 
                              
                 
                
             
              
                        
              
              
                 
                         
              
             
             
              
                        
              
              
            
                        
                 
            
             
              
            
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
Years Ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 
(in thousands)  

Cash flow from operating activities:

Net loss
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
Loss from continuing operations
Adjustments to reconcile net loss from continuing operation to net cash used in operating

activities of continuing operations:
Depreciation and amortization
Stock and share-based compensation
Change in fair value of derivative warrant and conversion liabilities 
Loss on extinguishment of debt
Gain on resolution of Irgovel purchase litigation
Interest accreted
Deferred taxes
Other
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable
Inventories
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Other

Net cash used in operating activities of continuing operations
Net cash provided by operating activities of discontinued operations
Net cash used in operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchases of property and equipment

Net cash used in investing activities of continuing operations
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities of discontinued operations
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:

Payments of debt
Proceeds from issuance of debt, net of issuance costs
Proceeds from issuance of debt and warrants, net of issuance costs
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock and warrants, net of issuance costs
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs
Other

Net cash provided by (used in) provided by financing activities of continuing operations
Net cash provided by financing activities of discontinued operations
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents of discontinued operations
Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period

Cash and cash equivalents
Restricted cash

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period

Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

Supplemental disclosures, continuing operations:

Cash paid for interest of continuing operations
Cash paid for income taxes of continuing operations

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

25 

2017

2016

$     

(6,202)
3,983
(10,185)

$   

(11,250)
(5,120)
(6,130)

757
1,073
(670)
8,290
-
1,000
(5,046)
32

(179)
279
(679)
303
(5,025)
1,251
(3,774)

(862)
(862)
16,001
15,139

936
1,275
(1,625)
-
(1,598)
639
(1,869)
5

(227)
808
(201)
(467)
(8,454)
4,519
(3,935)

(360)
(360)
(356)
(716)

(19,744)
3,779
5,518
1,747
2,778
(23)
(5,945)
1,062
(4,883)
154
6,636

$      

(32,344)
30,629
300
2,554
-
(43)
1,096
907
2,003
103
(2,545)

$    

$         

342
-
342

$         

966
1,921
2,887

6,203
775
6,978
6,636

$      

342
-
342
(2,545)

$    

$         
811
$          
-

$      
$           

1,849
20

 
 
        
       
     
       
   
           
           
        
        
          
       
        
            
            
       
        
           
       
       
             
               
          
          
           
           
          
          
           
          
       
       
        
        
       
       
          
          
          
          
      
          
      
          
     
     
        
      
        
           
        
        
        
            
            
            
       
        
        
           
       
        
           
           
            
        
           
        
        
           
           
            
        
           
 
 
 
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

NOTE 1. LIQUIDITY AND MANAGEMENT’S PLAN 

We had reported previously there was substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.  During the fourth quarter of 
2017 we substantially completed operational and financial actions, which we believe provides us with sufficient liquidity for the 
twelve months following the date of this filing. The factors that alleviated the doubt are summarized below: 

  Cash and  cash  equivalents  and restricted  cash  increased $6.3  million,  from  $0.3  million  as of December  31, 2016,  to $7.0 

million as of December 31, 2017.   

  Operating loss decreased $3.2 million, from $9.3 million in 2016, to $6.1 million in 2017. We can make additional discretionary 

reductions in operating expenses if necessary.  

  Our $7.0 million cash position at December 31, 2017 exceeds our $5.0 million negative cash flow from operating activities of 

continuing operations.  We believe our cash flows from operating activities will improve in 2018 because: 

o  We enter 2018 with less than $0.1 million in debt outstanding.  Our interest payments are significantly reduced to near 

zero compared to $0.8 million in 2017 and $1.8 million in 2016. 

o  We enter 2018 having divested of our Healthy Natural (HN) and Nutra SA, LLC (Nutra SA) subsidiaries and refocused 

o 

on our continuing operations. Nutra SA had been a significant drain on resources. 
In 2017, we completed certain operating cost reduction initiatives.  In the fourth quarter of 2017 the operating expenses 
were $2.4 million versus $3.0 million in the 2016 period.  We benefited from those cost reduction initiatives for only 
a portion of 2017 but expect to fully realize the benefit of these reductions beginning in 2018. 

o  We have plans in place to reduce our cost of goods sold and provide additional rice bran supply security.   
  During 2017, we demonstrated an ability to obtain funds through debt and equity financings at reasonable rates, as discussed 
further in Note 9.  We continue to believe that we will be able to obtain additional funds to operate our business, should it be 
necessary; however, there can be no assurances that our efforts will prove successful.   

NOTE 2 BUSINESS 

We are an ingredient company serving food, animal nutrition and specialty markets focused on value-added processing and marketing 
of healthy, natural and nutrient dense products derived from raw rice bran, an underutilized by-product of the rice milling industry.  We 
apply our proprietary and patented technologies and intellectual properties to convert raw rice bran into numerous high value products 
including  stabilized  rice  bran  (SRB),  RiBalance,  a  complete  rice  bran  nutritional  package  derived  from  further  processing  of  SRB; 
RiSolubles, a highly nutritious, carbohydrate and lipid rich fraction of RiBalance; RiFiber, a fiber rich insoluble derivative of RiBalance, 
and ProRyza, rice bran protein-based products, and a variety of other valuable derivatives extracted from these core products.  Our target 
markets are natural food, food and animal nutrition manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers, both domestically and internationally. 

We manufacture and distribute SRB, for food and animal nutrition customers, in various granulations along with Stage II products and 
derivatives. Stage II refers to the proprietary, patented processes run at our Dillon, Montana facility and includes products produced at 
that facility.  Over the past decade, we have developed and optimized our proprietary processes to support the production of healthy, 
natural, hypoallergenic, gluten free, and non-genetically modified ingredients and supplements for use in meats, baked goods, cereals, 
coatings, health foods and high-end animal nutrition. 

We produce SRB inside three locations: two leased raw rice bran stabilization facilities located within supplier-owned rice mills in 
Arbuckle and West Sacramento, California; and one company-owned rice bran stabilization facility in Mermentau, Louisiana.  At our 
Dillon, Montana facility, we produce our process patented Stage II products including: RiSolubles, a highly nutritious, carbohydrate and 
lipid rich fraction of SRB; RiFiber, a fiber rich derivative of SRB; RiBalance, a complete rice bran nutritional package derived from 
further  processing  SRB,  and  our  ProRyza  family  of  products  including,  protein-  and  protein/fiber-based  products.    We  operate 
proprietary processing equipment and process-patented technology for the stabilization and further processing of rice bran into finished 
products.   

NOTE 3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation – The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in 
U.S. Dollars  and  in  accordance  with  accounting principles  generally  accepted  in  the United  States (GAAP).  The preparation  of the 
consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the 
reported  amount  of  assets  and  liabilities,  disclosure  of  contingent  assets  and  liabilities  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and 
expenses.  Actual results may differ from those estimates.  The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of 
RiceBran  Technologies  and  all  subsidiaries  in  which  we  have  a  controlling  interest.    All  significant  inter-company  balances  are 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

eliminated in consolidation.  Variable interest in subsidiaries for which we are the primary beneficiary are consolidated.  Noncontrolling 
interests in our subsidiaries are recorded net of tax as net earnings (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests.   

Use of Estimates – The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and 
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of 
revenue and expenses during the reporting period.  Because of the uncertainty inherent in such estimates, actual results could differ from 
those estimates.   

Reclassifications – Certain reclassifications have been made to amounts reported for the prior year to achieve consistent presentation 
with the current year. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents – We consider all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less at 
the time of purchase to be cash equivalents.  In all periods presented, we maintained our cash and cash equivalents with major banks.  
We maintain cash in bank accounts in amounts which at times may exceed federally insured limits.  We have not experienced any losses 
on such accounts. 

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts – Accounts receivable represent amounts receivable on trade accounts.  
The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on our assessment of the collectability of customer accounts and the aging of accounts 
receivable.  We analyze the aging of customer accounts, customer concentrations, customer credit-worthiness, current economic trends 
and changes in our customer payment patterns when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts.  From period to 
period, differences in judgments or estimates utilized may result in material differences in the amount and timing of the provision for 
doubtful accounts.  We periodically evaluate our credit policy to ensure that the customers are worthy of terms and support our business 
plans.  

Inventories – In our continuing operations, inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined by 
the first-in, first-out method and we employ a full absorption procedure using standard cost techniques.  The standards are customarily 
reviewed  and  adjusted  annually  so  that  they  are  materially  consistent  with  actual  purchase  and  production  costs.    Provisions  for 
potentially obsolete or slow-moving inventory are made based upon our analysis of inventory levels, historical obsolescence and future 
sales forecasts; while inventory determined to be obsolete is written off immediately.   

Property and Equipment – Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation.  Depreciation is computed on the 
straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets.  Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred while 
renewals and betterments are capitalized.  Gains or losses on the sale of property and equipment are reflected in net income (loss).   

We review our long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an 
asset may not be recoverable.  An impairment loss is recognized when the undiscounted future cash flows estimated to be generated by 
the asset to be held and used are not sufficient to recover the unamortized balance of the asset.  An impairment loss is recognized based 
on the difference between the carrying values and estimated fair value.  The estimated fair value is determined based on either the 
discounted future cash flows or other appropriate fair value methods with the amount of any such deficiency charged to operations in 
the current year.  Estimates of future cash flows are based on many factors, including current operating results, expected market trends 
and competitive influences.  Assets to be disposed of by sale are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value, less estimated 
costs to sell. 

Revenue Recognition – In our continuing operations, we recognize revenue for product sales when title and risk of loss pass to our 
customers, generally upon shipment.  Each transaction is evaluated to determine if all of the following four criteria are met: (i) persuasive 
evidence of an arrangement exists; (ii) delivery has occurred; (iii) the selling price is fixed and determinable; and (iv) collectability is 
reasonably assured.  If any of the above criteria cannot be satisfied then such a transaction is not recorded as revenue, or is recorded as 
deferred revenue and recognized only when the sales cycle is complete and payment is either received or becomes reasonably assured.  
Changes in judgments and estimates regarding the application of the above mentioned four criteria might result in a change in the timing 
or amount of revenue recognized by such transactions. 

We make provisions for estimated returns, discounts and price adjustments when they are reasonably estimable.  Revenues are net of 
provisions for estimated returns, routine sales discounts, volume allowances and adjustments.  Revenues are also net of taxes collected 
from customers and remitted to governmental authorities. 

Amounts billed to a customer in a sale transaction for shipping and handling are reported as revenues and the related costs incurred for 
shipping are included in cost of goods sold. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses – Selling, general and administrative expenses include salaries and wages, bonuses 
and  incentives,  share-based  compensation  expense,  employee-related  expenses,  facility-related  expenses,  marketing  and  advertising 
expense, depreciation of non-operating property and equipment, professional fees, amortization of intangible assets, provisions for losses 
on accounts receivable and other operating expenses. 

Research and Development – Research and development expenses include internal and external costs.  Internal costs include salaries 
and employment related expenses.  External expenses consist of costs associated with product development.  All such costs are charged 
to expense in the period they are incurred. 

Share-Based Compensation – Share-based compensation expense for stock options granted to employees is calculated at the grant date 
using the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model based on awards ultimately expected to vest, reduced for estimated forfeitures, and 
expensed on a straight-line basis over the service period of the grant.   We recognize forfeitures as they occur.  Prior to 2017, forfeitures 
were estimated at the time of grant based on our historical forfeiture experience and are revised in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures 
differ from those estimates.  Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model requires us to estimate key assumptions such as expected life, 
volatility,  risk-free  interest  rates  and  dividend  yield  to  determine  the  fair  value  of  share-based  awards,  based  on  both  historical 
information and management’s judgment regarding market factors and trends.  We will use alternative valuation models if grants have 
characteristics that cannot be reasonably estimated using the Black-Scholes-Merton model. 

For awards of nonvested stock, share-based compensation is measured based on the fair value of the award on the date of grant and the 
corresponding expense is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the reward. 
Compensation expense related to service-based awards are recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the 
entire award. 

For  restricted  stock  units,  share-based  compensation  is  measured  based  on  the  fair  value  of  the  award  on  the  date  of  grant  and  the 
corresponding expense is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the reward. 
Compensation expense related to service-based awards is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for the 
entire award. 

We account for share-based compensation awards granted to non-employees and consultants by determining the fair value of the awards 
granted at either the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more reliably 
measured.    Generally,  we  value  stock  options  granted  to  non-employees  and  consultants  using  the  Black-Scholes-Merton  valuation 
model and stock at the fair value of the award.  If the fair value of the equity instruments issued is used, it is measured using the stock 
price and other measurement assumptions as of the earlier of (i) the date at which a commitment for performance by the counterparty to 
earn the equity instruments is reached or (ii) the date at which the counterparty’s performance is complete.  The expense associated with 
stock awards issued to consultants or other third parties are recognized over the term of service.  In the event services are terminated 
early or we require no specific future performance, the entire amount is expensed.  The value is re-measured each reporting period over 
the requisite service period.   

Income Taxes – We account for income taxes by recording a deferred tax asset or liability for the recognition of future deductible or 
taxable amounts and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards.  Deferred tax expense or benefit is recognized as a result of timing 
differences between the recognition of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and tax purposes during the year. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those 
temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  Deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible temporary differences 
and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards.  A valuation allowance is established, when necessary, to reduce that deferred tax asset 
if it is more likely than not that the related tax benefits will not be realized.  Due to the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the 
ultimate resolution may result in a payment that may be different from current estimates of the tax liabilities.  If our estimate of tax 
liabilities proves to be less than the ultimate assessment, an additional charge to expense would result.  If payment of these amounts 
ultimately proves to be less than the recorded amounts, the reversal of the liabilities may result in income tax benefits being recognized 
in the period when it is determined that the liabilities are no longer necessary.  

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Recent Accounting Guidance 

Recent accounting standards not yet adopted 

The following represent the standards not yet adopted that will, or are expected to, result in a significant change in practice and/or 
have a significant financial impact on us. 

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued guidance on revenue from contracts with customers to clarify 
the principles for recognizing revenue, ASU 2014-09, Revenue: Revenue from Contracts with Customers (and subsequent guidance to 
related to the topic in ASUs 2016-08, 2016-10, 2016-12. 2016-20, and 2017-14).  Under the new guidance, we should recognize revenue 
to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects 
to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, applying the following steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) 
identify  the  performance  obligations  in  the  contract;  (iii)  determine  the  transaction  price;  (iv)  allocate  the  transaction  price  to  the 
performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation.  An entity 
may choose to adopt the new standard either retrospectively or through a cumulative effect adjustment as of the start of the first period 
for which it applies the new standard.  The guidance is effective for our annual and interim periods beginning in 2018, however, early 
adoption  is  permitted.    We  have  completed  our  evaluation  of  the  impact  that  adoption  of  this  guidance  will  have  on  our  financial 
statements and expect adoption will have an immaterial impact on our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.  A majority 
of our sales are recognized when control and title transfers under existing standards.  We expect to transition through a cumulative effect 
adjustment as of January 1, 2018, under the modified retrospective method.  Substantially all of our revenue contracts contain a single 
performance obligation, to supply continually defined quantities of product at fixed prices.  Those performance obligations are fulfilled 
at the time of delivery.  Our revenue contracts generally do not include any other explicit or implicit items that are separate from the 
product we sell. 

In February 2016, the FASB issued guidance which changes the accounting for leases, ASU 2016-02, Leases.  Under prior GAAP, the 
recognition, measurement and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease for us as a lessee depend primarily on the 
lease’s classification as a finance or operating lease.  For both types of leases, lessees will recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease 
liability.  For capital or finance leases, lessees will recognize amortization of the right-of-use asset separately from interest expense on 
the lease liability.  The guidance is effective for our annual and interim periods beginning in 2019 and must be adopted on a modified 
retrospective approach.  Early adoption is allowed.  We have not yet determined the impact that the new guidance will have on our 
results of operations, financial position and cash flows and have not yet determined if we will early adopt the standard. 

Recently adopted accounting standards 

In November 2016, the FASB issued guidance that requires that the statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the 
total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents, ASU 2016-18,  Statement 
of Cash Flows: Restricted Cash.  We were required to adopt the guidance for our annual and interim periods beginning in 2018.  We 
early adopted the standard in the third quarter of 2017 on a retrospective basis.  As a result, changes in restricted cash reported in 2016 
as cash flows from investing activities are no longer reported as such. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

NOTE 4. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS 

Healthy Natural (HN) Discontinued Operations 

We continuously assess the composition of our business portfolio to ensure it is aligned with our strategic objectives and positioned to 
maximize growth and return to our shareholders.  In the second quarter of 2017, we began exploring strategic options for our wholly-
owned subsidiary, HN.  In July 2017, we completed the sale of the assets of HN for $18.3 million in cash.  The selling price is subject 
to adjustment if the estimated closing working capital with respect to the assets sold and the liabilities assumed is different than the 
actual closing working capital for those assets and liabilities.  The sale agreement contains customary indemnification provisions and 
provisions that restrict us from engaging in a business conducted by HN for five years from the date of closing.  A $0.2 million working 
capital adjustment escrow and a $0.6 million indemnity claim escrow were funded from the proceeds and are classified as restricted 
cash.  We are providing certain support services under transition services agreement for a limited period of time.  These support services 
are not expected to have a material impact on our net income (loss) in 2017. 

On a preliminary basis, we estimate a working capital adjustment of $0.3 million.  The working capital adjustment will result in an 
adjustment to the initial proceeds of $16.7 million and the gain on the sale of $8.2 million, net of a $4.7 million income tax provision.  
The definition of working capital under the agreement is subject to interpretation and we have not yet finalized the adjustment with the 
purchaser of HN.  The final adjustment may differ from the estimate.  The following table summarizes the carrying amount of HN as of 
the July 14, 2017 sale (in thousands). 

Accounts receivable, net
Inventories
Other current assets
Property and equipment
Intangible
Other
Assets
Accounts payable
Accrued expenses
Liabilities
Net assets sold

$            

871
1,987
47
871
791
24
4,591
759
290
1,049
3,542

$        

We determined that the disposal met the criteria for presentation as discontinued operations in the second quarter of 2017.  Accordingly, 
HN results are presented as discontinued operations in our consolidated statements of operations and are excluded from continuing 
operations for all periods presented.  In addition, the HN assets and liabilities are classified as held for sale in our balance sheets for all 
periods presented.   

The  following  table  summarizes  the  carrying  amounts  of  major  classes  of  HN  assets  and  liabilities  classified  as  held  for  sale  (in 
thousands). 

Accounts receivable, net
Inventories
Other current assets held for sale
Property and equipment
Intangible
Other noncurrent assets

Total assets held for sale

Accounts payable
Accrued expenses
Long term liabilities

Total liabilities held for sale

December 31, 
2016
$            

592
1,915
23
1,019
791
24
4,364
443
382
73
898

$        
$            

$           

The operations of HN are included in our results though the July 14, 2017 date of sale.  

30 

 
 
 
 
 
           
                
              
              
                
           
              
              
           
 
 
 
           
                
           
              
                
              
                
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

The following table summarizes the major line items included in the income (loss) from discontinued operations for HN (in thousands). 

Revenues
Cost of goods sold
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Income from operations, before income taxes
Income tax expense
Income from operations, net of tax
Gain on sale, net of $4.7 million income tax expense
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax

Years Ended December 31
2017
2016
$              

$           

9,902
(6,651)
(462)
2,789
(1,048)
1,741
8,164
9,905

19,678
(13,158)
(1,440)
5,080
(1,864)
3,216
-
3,216

$             

$             

The following table summarizes the major line items included in cash flows from discontinued operations of HN (in thousands).  

Years Ended December 31
2017
2016

Net cash provided by operating activities
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
Net cash used in financing activities
Net cash provided to continuing operations

$            

$            

2,403
16,693
(52)
(19,044)

5,829
(99)
-
(5,730)

$        

$           

In 2017, net cash provided by investing activities in the table above is presented in our statements of cash flows in net cash provided by 
(used in) investing activities of discontinued operations and includes the $16.7 million net proceeds from the sale of HN. 

The following table summarizes other data for HN (in thousands). 

Depreciation included in cost of goods sold
Depreciation included in selling, general and administrative expenses
Amortization included in selling, gneral and administrative expenses
Capital expenditures

Nutra SA Discontinued Operations 

Years Ended December 31
2017
2016
$                  

$                

96
49

-
18

175
72
863
100

We held a variable interest in our equity interest in Nutra SA.  Nutra SA’s only operating subsidiary is Industria Riograndens De Oleos 
Vegetais Ltda. (Irgovel), located in Pelotas, Brazil.  On November 28, 2017 Nutra SA redeemed our entire membership interest in Nutra 
SA and we paid Nutra SA $0.5 million in concurrent transactions.  We no longer hold any interest in Nutra SA.  We were the primary 
beneficiary of Nutra SA, and as such, Nutra SA’s assets, liabilities and results of operations are included in the consolidated financial 
statements through November 28, 2017, the date of disposal of Nutra SA.   

In the second quarter of 2017, we determined that our plans to divest our investment in Nutra SA met the criteria for presentation as 
discontinued operations.  Accordingly, the Nutra SA operating results are presented as discontinued operations and are excluded from 
continuing operations for all periods presented.  In addition, Nutra SA consolidated assets and liabilities are classified as held for sale 
in our consolidated balance sheets for all periods presented.  Other equity holders’ (Investors) interests in Nutra SA are reflected in net 
loss  attributable  to  noncontrolling  interest  in  discontinued  operations  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  operations  and  accumulated 
deficit  attributable  to  noncontrolling  interest  in  discontinued  operations  in  the  consolidated  balance  sheets.    The  Investors  average 
interest in Nutra SA was 36% in 2017, through the date of disposal, and 32% in 2016. 

We use the U.S. Dollar as our reporting currency.  The functional currency for Irgovel was the Brazilian Real.  Assets and liabilities of 
Irgovel classified as held for sale were translated using the exchange rate in effect at December 31, 2016, and at the date of disposal, 
November 28, 2017, when determining the loss on disposal.   Equity accounts were translated at historical rates, except for the change 
in accumulated deficit during the year, which is the result of the income statement translation process.  Irgovel’s revenues and expenses 
were translated using the average exchange rates in effect during the period.  Translation differences were recorded in accumulated other 
comprehensive income (loss) as foreign currency translation.  Gains or losses on transactions denominated in a currency other than 
Irgovel’s functional currency which arose as a result of changes in foreign exchange rates were recorded as foreign exchange gain or 
loss in net income (loss). 

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RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

We recorded a $1.2 million loss on disposal of Nutra SA in the fourth quarter of 2017.  The following table summarizes the estimated 
carrying amount of the Nutra SA net liabilities disposed as of the November 28, 2017, disposal date and the components of the Nutra 
SA loss on disposal (in thousands). 

Cash
Accounts receivable, net
Inventories
Other current assets
Property and equipment
Other
Accounts payable
Accrued expenses
Debt
Net liabilities disposed
Foreign curency translation adjustment
Redeemable noncontrolling interest
Payments to purchaser at disposal
Other 
Loss on disposal of Nutra SA
Income tax benefit
Loss on disposal of Nutra SA, net of tax

$            

20
653
630
413
10,070
1,435
(2,560)
(7,878)
(7,345)
(4,562)
4,218
1,663
540
37
1,896
(694)
1,202

$      

The following table summarizes the carrying amounts of major classes of Nutra SA assets and liabilities classified as held for sale as of 
December 31, 2016 (in thousands). 

Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable, net (restricted)
Inventories
Other current asssets
Property and equipment, net (restricted $2,662)
Other noncurrent assets

Total assets held for sale

Accounts payable
Accrued expenses
Current maturities of long-term debt (nonrecourse)

Total liabilities held for sale

December 31, 
2016
$            

109
398
925
373
10,889
1,327
14,021
2,553
5,607
6,816
14,976

$      
$         

$      

Cash provided by Nutra SA operations was generally unavailable for distribution to our continuing operations under to the terms of the 
LLC Agreement.  Therefor Nutra SA’s consolidated cash is classified as held for sale in our consolidated balance sheets.  Nutra SA’s 
debt was secured by Irgovel’s accounts receivable and property.  The non-Brazilian entities within the consolidated ownership group 
did not guarantee any of Nutra SA’s debt.  No interest related to debt held by non-Brazilian entities was allocated to Nutra SA in any 
period presented. 

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RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

The following table summarizes the major line items included in income (loss) from discontinued operations for Nutra SA (in thousands). 

Years Ended December 31
2017

2016

Revenues
Cost of goods sold
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Goodwill impairment
Other expense
Loss from discontinued operations, before income taxes
Income taxes
Loss from operations, net of tax
Loss on dispoal, net of $0.7 million taxes
Loss form discontinud operations, ne tof tax

$        

$          

12,209
(12,517)
(3,188)
-
(1,224)
(4,720)
-
(4,720)
(1,202)
(5,922)

6,744
(8,423)
(2,255)
(3,024)
(1,378)
(8,336)
-
(8,336)
-
(8,336)

$       

$        

The following table summarizes the major line items included in cash flows from Nutra SA (in thousands). 

Years Ended December 31
2017
 2016 

Net cash used in operating activities
Net cash used in investing activities
Net cash provided by financing activities
Effect of exchange rate changes
Net cash provided by continuing operations

$          

$          

(1,152)
(692)
1,114
154
(576)

(1,310)
(257)
907
103
(557)

$            

$             

In 2017, net cash used in investing activities in the table above is presented in our consolidated statements of cash flows in net cash 
provided by (used in) investing activities of discontinued operations and includes the $0.5 million net payments upon divestiture of 
Nutra SA. 

The following table summarizes other data for Nutra SA (in thousands). 

Depreciation included in cost of goods sold
Depreciation included in selling, general and administrative expenses
Capital expenditures

NOTE 5. INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE (EPS) 

Years Ended December 31
2017
2016

$                 

897
56
142

$                 

932
57
257

Basic EPS is calculated under the two-class method under which all earnings (distributed and undistributed) are allocated to each class 
of common stock and participating securities based on their respective rights to receive dividends.  Our outstanding convertible preferred 
stocks are considered participating securities as the holders may participate in undistributed earnings with holders of common shares 
and are not obligated to share in our net losses. 

Diluted  EPS  is  computed by  dividing  the net  income  attributable  to  RiceBran  Technologies  common  shareholders by  the weighted 
average number of common shares outstanding during the period increased by the number of additional common shares that would have 
been outstanding if the impact of assumed exercises and conversions is dilutive.  The dilutive effects of outstanding options, warrants, 
nonvested shares and restricted stock units that vest solely on the basis of a service condition are calculated using the treasury stock 
method.  The dilutive effects of the outstanding preferred stock are calculated using the if-converted method.   

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RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Below are reconciliations of the numerators and denominators in the EPS computations. 

Years Ended December 31
2017
2016

NUMERATOR (in thousands):
Basic and diluted - loss from continuing operations
Dividend on preferred stock--beneficial conversion feature
Basic and diluted - adjusted loss from continuing operations

DENOMINATOR (in thousands):
Basic EPS - weighted average number of common shares outstanding
Effect of dilutive securities outstanding
Diluted EPS - weighted average number of shares outstanding

Number of shares of common stock which could be
  purchased with weighted average outstanding securities 
  not included in diluted EPS because effect would be antidilutive:

Stock options
Warrants
Convertible preferred stock
Restricted stock units

Weighted average number of nonvested share of common stock

 not included in diluted EPS because effect would be antidilutive

$          

$         

(10,185)
(778)
(10,963)

$            

$           

(6,130)
(551)
(6,681)

11,923,923

9,338,370

-

-

11,923,923

9,338,370

514,961
21,588,045
2,529,872
601,986

305,355
10,308,778
1,708,791

-

1,249,234

1,132,724

The impacts of potentially dilutive securities outstanding at December 31, 2017 and 2016, were not included in the calculation of diluted 
EPS in 2017 and 2016 because to do so would be anti-dilutive.  Those securities listed in the table above which were anti-dilutive in 
2017 and 2016, which remain outstanding, could potentially dilute EPS in the future. 

NOTE 6. CONCENTRATION OF RISK 

Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of trade accounts receivable.  
We perform ongoing credit evaluations on the financial condition of our customers and generally do not require collateral. 

Revenues  and  accounts  receivable  from  significant  customers  (customers  with  revenue  or  accounts  receivable  in  excess  of  10%  of 
consolidated totals) are stated below as a percent of consolidated totals.   

% of revenue, 2017
% of revenue, 2016

Customer
B

C
A
17% 14%
8%
14% 15% 12%

% of accounts receivable, as of December 31, 2017
% of accounts receivable, as of December 31, 2016

25%
28%

0%
0%

7%
7%

We purchase rice bran from four suppliers.  Purchases from these suppliers represent 37% of our cost of goods sold in 2017 and 33% of 
our cost of goods sold in 2016. 

The following table presents revenues by geographic area shipped to (in thousands). 

Years Ended December 31
2017
 2016 

United States
Other international
Revenues 

34 

$            

$            

$            

$            

12,196
1,159
13,355

11,806
1,176
12,982

 
 
                 
                 
      
        
                   
                   
    
        
           
           
      
      
        
        
           
                   
        
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                
                
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

The following table presents revenues by product line (in thousands). 

Food
Animal nutrition
Revenues 

NOTE 7. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT 

Land
Furniture and fixtures
Plant
Computer and software
Leasehold improvements
Machinery and equipment
   Property and equipment, cost
Less accumulated depreciation
Property and equipment, net

Years Ended December 31
2017
2016 
$            

$            

7,525
5,830
13,355

$         

$         

7,643
5,339
12,982

December 31

2017

2016

Estimated Useful Lives

$       

$       

237
311
6,580
1,207
274
8,677
17,286
9,436
7,850

237
306
6,582
1,147
261
7,274
15,807
8,782
7,025

$    

$    

5-7 years
30 years, or life of lease
3-5 years
4-7 years or life of lease
5-10 years

Depreciation expense was $0.6 million in 2017 and $0.8 million and 2016. 

NOTE 8. DEBT 

The following table summarizes current and long-term portions of debt as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):  

Senior revolving loan
Senior term loan, net
Subordinated notes
Other

Current portion
Long-term portion

2017
-
$         
-
-
16
16
4
12

$          

2016

$     

$     

1,725
917
6,310
75
9,027
3,063
5,964

We issued senior debentures in the principal amount of $6.6 million and related warrants in a private placement, in February 2017.  In 
connection with the senior debenture private placement, in February 2017, we also entered into agreements that resulted in (i) a reduction 
in the annual interest rate on the subordinated notes from 11.75% to 7%, (ii) an extension of the maturity date of the subordinated notes 
to May 2019 from May 2018 and (iii) our first quarter 2017 payment of $0.2 million of note principal and $0.3 million of accrued note 
interest.  The transactions, and the accounting therefore, are described further in Note 9.   

Until July 2017, when we repaid the senior debentures and the subordinated notes in full with the proceeds from the sale of HN in July 
2017, we accreted interest on the debentures at an effective rate of 160.6% per year and on the subordinated notes at 15.0% per year.  
Upon extinguishment in July 2017, we recognized a loss on extinguishment of $6.6 million for the differences between (i) the $0.6 
million carrying amount of the senior debentures and the $6.6 million face value paid and (ii) the $5.3 million carrying amount of the 
subordinated notes and the $6.0 million face value paid. 

In February 2017, we used the net proceeds from the senior debenture private placement, discussed further in Note 9, to pay the senior 
revolving loan and the senior term loan in full. 

NOTE 9. EQUITY, SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION, WARRANTS AND FINANCING TRANSACTIONSS 

In February 2017, shareholders approved and we filed an amendment to our articles of incorporation increasing our authorized shares 
of common stock from 25,000,000 to 50,000,000. 

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RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Our board of directors, without further action or vote by holders of our common stock, has the right to establish the terms, preference, 
rights and restrictions and issue shares of preferred stock.  We previously designated and issued six series of preferred stock of which 
no shares remain outstanding.  In addition, we have designated and issued a seventh series of preferred stock: 2,000 shares of Series G 
in 2017, of which 630 shares remain outstanding. 

The Series G preferred stock is non-voting and may be converted into shares of our common stock at the holders’ election at any time, 
subject to certain beneficial ownership limitations, at a ratio of 1 preferred share for 948.9915 shares of common stock.  The Series G 
preferred stock is entitled to receive dividends if we pay dividends on our common stock, in which case the holders of Series G preferred 
stock are entitled to receive the amount and form of dividends that they would have received if they held the common stock that is 
issuable upon conversion of the Series G preferred stock.  If we are liquidated or dissolved, the holders of Series G preferred stock are 
entitled to receive, before any amounts are paid in respect of our common stock, an amount per share of Series G preferred stock equal 
to $1,000, plus any accrued but unpaid dividends thereon. 

Series F preferred stock is no longer outstanding.  The Series F preferred stock was non-voting and could be converted into shares of 
our common stock at the holder’s election at any time, subject to certain beneficial ownership limitations, at a ratio of 1 preferred share 
for 666.66666 shares of common stock.  The Series F preferred stock was only entitled to receive dividends if we declared dividends, 
in which case the dividend was to be paid (i) first an amount equal to $0.01 per share of preferred stock and (ii) then to and in the same 
form as dividends paid on shares of our common stock.  Otherwise, the Series F preferred stock had no liquidation or other preferences 
over our common stock. 

Share-based  compensation  expenses  related  to  stock  options,  stock  and  restricted  stock  units  issued  to  employees  and  directors  are 
included in selling, general and administrative expenses.  The following table provides a detail of share-based compensation expense 
(in thousands). 

Years Ended December 31 
2017
2016

Stock options
Common stock, vested at issuance and nonvested at issuance
Restricted stock units
Compensation expense related to common stock 
awards issued under equity incentive plans

$               

176
744
27

$                

243
768
-

$               

947

$             

1,011

Share Sequencing 

From June 2015 until March 2017, the minority interest holders in Nutra SA could elect to exchange units in Nutra SA for shares of our 
common stock, the number of common stock and warrants issuable upon this election, was variable and indeterminate.  For accounting 
purposes, we were not able to conclude that we had sufficient authorized and unissued shares to settle all contracts subject to the GAAP 
derivative guidance during the period the minority interest holders had this right, which right terminated March 31, 2017.  Our adopted 
sequencing  approach  (Share  Sequencing)  was  based  on  earliest  issuance  date,  therefore,  we  were  required  to  carry  warrants  issued 
between June 2015 and March 2017, at fair value, as derivative warrant liability, and preferred stock issued between June 2015 and 
March 2017, in temporary equity.  We reclassified the affected warrants from derivative warrant liability to equity at an amount equal 
to the warrants’ fair value on March 31, 2017, and we reclassified the amounts related to the 3,000 shares of Series F preferred stock 
and 2,000 shares of Series G preferred stock from temporary equity to equity at the preferred stocks’ carrying amount on March 31, 
2017. 

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RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Warrants 

The following table summarizes information related to outstanding warrants: 

Range of 
Exercise Prices

Type of 
Warrant

$0.96
$1.50 to $1.60
$1.60
$2.00
$2.00
$5.25
$5.25 to $5.87
$6.55 to $16.80

Equity
Liability (1)(3)
Equity (1)
Liability (2)
Equity
Liability (2)
Equity
Equity

Shares 
Under 
Warrants

12,972,832

-
300,000
-

2,660,000

-

3,156,670
2,067,771
21,157,273

December 31, 2017

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Life (Years)

0.96
-
1.60
-
2.00
-
5.33
6.61
2.30

$        

4.1
-
2.4
-
3.6
-
1.7
1.0
3.4

December 31, 2016

Shares Under 
Warrants, 
Exercisable 
Cashless
(4)

3,774,344

-
300,000
-
-
-
359,536
190,899
4,624,779

Shares 
Under 
Warrants

-

1,789,868

-

2,660,000

-
25,000
4,296,339
2,067,771
10,838,978

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Life (Years)

-
1.52
-
2.00
-
5.25
5.36
6.61
4.14

$        

-
1.3
-
4.6
-
3.6
2.7
2.0
2.8

(1)  Includes a warrant for the purchase of up to purchase 300,000 shares of common stock which contains a most favored nations anti-dilution 
provision.  Under that provision, in the event we issue warrants and/or other convertible instruments with anti-dilution provisions with respect 
to the exercise price of the warrant or the conversion price of the convertible instrument, we will be required to provide the same anti-dilution 
provision in this warrant and may be required to lower the exercise price on this warrant and/or increase the number of shares underlying this 
warrant.  The warrant also contains a provision in effect until November 2017 which gave the holder the right to demand a net cash settlement 
in the event of a fundamental transaction (as defined in the agreement).  The warrant was classified as derivative warrant liability in our 
balance sheets due to that provision as of December 31, 2016, and was reclassified to equity (deficit) in November 2017 when the provision 
expired. 

(2)  The warrants were classified as derivative warrant liabilities in our balance sheets due to the Share Sequencing as of December 31, 2016, and 

were reclassified to equity (deficit) effective March 31, 2017. 

(3)  Includes  warrants  for  the  purchase  1,489,868  shares  of common  stock,  at  December  31,  2016, which  contained  full  ratchet  anti-dilution 
provisions.  The warrants were classified as derivative warrant liability in our balance sheets due to that provision as of December 31, 2016, 
and were exercised in 2017.  

(4)  Under the terms of certain outstanding warrants, the holders may elect to exercise the warrants under a cashless exercise feature.  The shares 
listed, represent the shares holders could exercise cashless as of December 31, 2017.  If we register for resale the shares subject to warrants, 
the holders of some of the warrants may no longer have the right to elect a cashless exercise.  Should we fail to maintain a registration 
statement for the resale of shares under certain other warrant, the shares under those warrants may be exercisable using a cashless exercise 
feature. 

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RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

The following table summarizes warrant activity. 

Equity Warrants

Liability Warrants

Outstanding, December 31, 2015
Issued
Impact of repricing senior lender warrants:
   Prior to repricing
   After repricing
   Prior to repricing
   After repricing
Impact of anti-dilution clauses:
   Prior to impact
   After impact
Exercised
Forfeited, expired or cancelled
Outstanding, December 31, 2016
Issued
Impact of repricing senior debenture purchaser warrants:
   Prior to repricing
   After repricing
Impact of repricing subordinated note holder warants:
   Prior to repricing
   After repricing
Impact of anti-dilution clauses:
   Prior to impact
   After impact
Transfer from liability to equity
Exercised
Forfeited, expired or cancelled
Outstanding, December 31, 2017

Shares 
Underlying 
6,367,139

-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
(3,029)
6,364,110
25,000

(875,000)
875,000

(289,669)
289,669

-
-

14,768,163

-
-

21,157,273

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price
4.02
$                
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
46.80
5.77
0.96

5.49
0.96

5.25
0.96

NA
NA
1.16
NA
NA
2.30

$                 

Exercisable, December 31, 2017

21,157,273

$                 

2.30

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual Life 
(Years)

2.8
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
-
2.44
5.01

2.1
5.5

3.3
3.3

NA
NA
4.8
NA
NA
3.4

3.4

Shares 
Underlying 
726,489
2,685,000

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price
5.24
$                
2.03

(300,000)
300,000
(300,000)
300,000

(426,489)
1,489,868

-
-

4,474,868
11,783,163

-
-

-
-

5.25
1.80
1.80
1.60

5.24
1.50
NA
NA
1.82
0.96

NA
NA

NA
NA

(1,489,868)
2,327,919
(14,768,163)
(2,327,919)

-
-

-

1.50
0.96
1.16
0.96
NA
$                   
-

$                   
-

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual Life 
(Years)

2.9
5.0

3.9
3.9
3.7
3.7

1.8
1.8
NA
NA
3.3
5.0

NA
NA

NA
NA

0.8
0.8
4.8
-
NA
-

-

In the period from January 1, 2018 to March 8, 2018, we issued warrants for the purchase of up to 315,000 shares of common stock, at 
a weighted average exercise price of $4.73 per share and a weighted average term of 2.4 years.  We recognized $0.1 million of expense 
for these issuances.  During the same period, warrant holders exercised, at $0.96 per share, warrants for the purchase of 67,395 shares 
of common stock (remaining term at December 31, 2017 of 4.1 years). 

Transactions with Preferred Stock Holders. 

In February 2017, we issued and sold 2,000 shares of Series G preferred stock and sold warrants to purchase 1,423,488 shares of common 
stock (exercise price of $0.96 per share, exercisable beginning in February 2017 and expiring in February 2022).  A subordinated note 
holder exchanged subordinated notes with a principal and carrying value of $0.1 million and cash for 180 shares of the Series G preferred 
stock and related warrants, which was treated as an extinguishment of debt.  The net cash proceeds from the sale was $1.7 million, after 
deducting  allocated  cash  offering  expenses  of  $0.1  million.    On  the  date  of  issuance,  we  allocated  $1.0  million  of  the  proceeds  to 
derivative warrant liability, to record the warrants at fair value, recorded a $0.1 million loss on extinguishment and reduced debt $0.1 
million related to the subordinated noteholders exchange, and recorded $1.2 million as preferred stock.  We recorded a $0.8 million 
dividend on preferred stock for the preferred stock beneficial conversion feature equal to the proceeds allocated to the preferred stock 
issued to purchases who did not exchange debt, as the fair value of the common stock underlying the convertible preferred stock at 
issuance exceeded the amount recorded in preferred stock. 

In February 2016, we issued and sold 3,000 shares of Series F preferred stock and sold warrants to purchase 2,660,000 shares of common 
stock (exercise price of $2.00 per share, exercisable beginning in August 2016 and expiring in August 2021).  The placement agent for 
the offering received a cash fee of $0.2 million.  The net proceeds from the offering were $2.6 million, after deducting cash offering 
expenses of $0.4 million.  On the date of issuance, we allocated $2.5 million of the $3.0 million gross proceeds to derivative warrant 
liability, to record the warrants at fair value and recorded the remaining $0.5 million proceeds as preferred stock.  We recorded a dividend 
on preferred stock for the preferred stock beneficial conversion feature equal to the proceeds allocated to the preferred stock at issuance 
($0.5 million), as the fair value of the common stock underlying the convertible preferred stock at issuance was $2.7 million.  As a result 
of this offering, the exercise price of certain warrants that contained full ratchet anti-dilution provisions was reduced from $5.24 per 
share  to  $1.50  per  share  and  the  number  of  shares  of  common  stock  underlying  these  warrants  increased  from  426,489  shares  to 
1,489,868 shares. 

38 

 
 
         
                   
            
                   
                    
        
                  
                   
                    
          
                  
                   
                    
            
                  
                   
                    
          
                  
                   
                    
            
                  
                   
                    
          
                  
                   
                    
        
                  
                   
                    
                    
               
               
                   
                    
         
                 
                 
        
                  
                   
              
                 
                 
      
                  
                   
           
                 
                   
                    
            
                 
                   
                    
           
                 
                   
                    
            
                 
                   
                    
                    
       
                  
                   
                    
        
                  
                   
       
                 
                   
     
                  
                   
                     
         
                   
                     
                    
                    
        
                     
                     
                     
        
                     
                     
                     
 
 
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Transactions with Senior Debenture Holders 

In February 2017, we sold and issued in a private placement, for an aggregate subscription amount of $6.0 million: (i) senior debentures 
in the principal amount of $6.6 million and (ii) warrants to purchase an aggregate of 6,875,000 shares of common stock (exercise price 
of $0.96 per share, exercisable beginning February 2017 and expiration February 2022).  We received aggregate net proceeds of $5.5 
million, after deducting placement agent fees and allocated expenses of $0.5 million.  Concurrently, we amended existing warrants, held 
by the debenture purchasers, for the purchase of up to 875,000 shares to (i) reduce the exercise prices from an average $5.49 per share 
to $0.96 per share, providing the warrants are not exercisable until August 2017, and (ii) change the expiration dates to August 2022, 
which increased the average remaining term of the warrants from 2.1 years to 5.5 years.  We recorded $4.6 million as an increase to 
derivative warrant liabilities, to record the warrants at their fair value on the date of issuance, the $0.5 million as an increase in common 
stock to record the change in fair value of existing warrants and the remaining $0.4 million to debt, debt issuance costs and debt discount.  
We used the net proceeds from the offering to (i) pay off the senior revolving loan and term loan debt totaling $3.8 million and (ii) pay 
$0.2  million  of  principal  and  $0.3  million  of  interest  due  on  subordinated  notes  and  (iii)  for  working  capital  and  general  corporate 
purposes.  We filed a registration statement on Form S-3, which became effective in May 2017, to register the shares under the warrants 
issued to the senior debenture purchasers.  

Transaction with Subordinated Note Holders 

In connection with the February 2017 senior debenture private placement, we entered into agreements which resulted in (i) a reduction 
in the annual interest rate on the subordinated notes from 11.75%  to 7% (ii) an extension of the maturity date of the subordinated notes  
to May 2019 from May 2018 (iii) the payment of an aggregate amount equal to $0.5 million on the subordinated notes; (iv) the issuance 
of warrants to purchase up to 3,484,675 shares of our common stock (exercise price of  $0.96 per share, expiration February 2022); and 
(v) the amendment of existing warrants held by the subordinated note holders for the purchase 289,669 shares of common stock to 
reduce the exercise price from $5.25 per share to $0.96 per share.  We accounted for the transaction as an extinguishment of debt and 
issuance of new debt.  In February 2017, we (i) recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $1.5 million, (ii) adjusted subordinated 
notes payable debt down by $0.9 million, to its fair value as of the transaction date, (iii) increased derivative liability by $2.3 million, 
representing the fair value of the newly issued warrants, and (iv) increased common stock equity by $0.1 million for the change in the 
fair value of the existing warrants.  

Transaction with Senior Lender 

In June 2016, we amended an agreement with a senior lender to extend the terms of a loan agreement and repriced a previously issued 
warrant held by the lender from an exercise price per share of $5.25 to $1.85.  In September 2016, we amended the terms of the loan 
agreement with the lender to further extend the terms of the loan agreement and repriced the warrant held by the lender from an exercise 
price  per  share  of  $1.85  to  $1.60.    Both  prior  to  and  subsequent  to  these  modifications,  we  recorded  the  warrant  at  fair  value  as  a 
derivative warrant liability, pursuant to the Share Sequencing, with changes in fair value recorded in net income (loss). 

Transactions with Other Note Holders 

In January 2016, we entered into a note payable with a director in the principal amount of $0.3 million and issued the director a warrant 
to acquire 25,000 shares of common stock (exercise price of $5.25 per share, exercisable immediately and expiring in January 2021).  
On the date of issuance, we recorded the warrant at fair value as a derivative warrant liability, pursuant to the Share Sequencing, and 
recorded a corresponding debt discount which amortized to interest expense when we repaid the note and accumulated interest in full in 
March 2016. 

Transactions with Holders of Warrants with Full Ratchet Anti-Dilution Clauses 

As a result of the February 2017 financing transactions described above, the exercise price of certain warrants that contained full ratchet 
anti-dilution provisions was reduced from $1.50 per share to $0.96 per share and the number of shares of common stock underlying 
these warrants increased from 1,489,868 shares to 2,327,919 shares.  The holder of the warrants subsequently exercised the warrants 
and we issued 614,610 shares of common stock to the holder, with a weighted average fair value on the dates of conversion of $1.38 per 
share, in a cashless transaction and recorded a $0.1 million loss on the conversion equal to the difference between the fair value of the 
liabilities and the fair values of the common stock on the dates of the conversion.  

Other Equity Issuances 

39 

 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

In February 2016, we issued 950,000 shares of common stock to a supplier.  The shares are being held in escrow until earned (as defined 
in our agreement) by the supplier at a fixed price of $2.80 per share.  Cumulatively, as of December 31, 2017, 59,292 shares have been 
released from escrow.  We may recall any shares remaining in escrow as of February 8, 2026.  Any recalled shares will be cancelled. 

In February 2017, we issued a former employee 108,696 shares of our common stock, in lieu of paying $100,000 cash for a 2016 bonus.   

In June 2017, we issued 96,372 shares of common stock as transitional director compensation to the chairman of our board, who was 
awarded transitional director compensation in the amount of (i) $10,000 or 7,035 shares per month for July 2016 through December 
2016 and (ii) $8,333 or 9,027 shares per month for January 2017 through March 2017.  The amount was payable in either cash or stock 
at the chairman’s election.  The chairman elected to receive shares of common stock.  

In June 2017, we issued 345,205 shares of common stock to our directors at a grant date fair value of $0.90 per share.  In August 2017, 
we issued 35,336 shares of common stock to a director at a grant date fair value of $1.09 per share.  The stock awards vest on the earlier 
of June 2018 or one day before the date of the next annual shareholder meeting.   

In September 2017, we issued and sold 2,654,732 shares of common stock for $1.08 per share.  The net proceeds from the offering of 
$2.8 million, after deducting commissions and other cash offering expenses of $0.1 million, are included in common stock.   We used 
the proceeds for general corporate purposes. 

In 2017, we issued 986,491 shares of common stock upon conversion of 499 shares of Series F preferred stock and 670 shares of Series 
G preferred stock.  We reclassified the $0.4 million carrying value of the related preferred stock to common stock.    

In January 2018, we issued 50,469 shares of common stock to employees and 14,129 shares of common stock to a consultant, with a 
fair value at issuance of $1.38 per share. 

Equity Incentive Plan 

Our board of directors adopted our 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (2014 Plan) in August 2014, after the plan was approved by shareholders.  
A total of 1,600,000 shares of common stock were initially reserved for issuance under the plan.  In June 2017, shareholders approved 
a 1,700,000 increase in the authorized shares issuable under the 2014 Plan.  The total shares authorized under the plan is now 3,300,000 
shares.    Under  the  terms  of  the  plan,  we  may  grant  stock  options  and  shares  of  common  stock  and  share-based  awards  to  officers, 
directors, employees or consultants providing services on such terms as are determined by the board of directors.  Our board of directors 
administers the plan, determines vesting schedules on plan awards and may accelerate the vesting schedules for award recipients.  The 
stock options granted under the plan have terms of up to 10 years.  As of December 31, 2017, awards for the purchase of 3,081,674 
shares have been granted and remain outstanding (stock options, stock and restricted stock and restricted stock units) and 218,326 shares 
are reserved for future grants under the 2014 Plan.   

Options 

A summary of stock option activity follows. 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price

Shares Under 
Options

$          

Outstanding, December 31, 2015
   Granted
   Exercised
   Forfeited, expired or cancelled
Outstanding, December 31, 2016
   Granted
   Exercised
   Forfeited, expired or cancelled
Outstanding, December 31, 2017

357,797
-
-
(186,986)
170,811
481,500
-
(12,652)
639,659

40 

12.12
NA
NA
8.88
8.83
0.79
NA
3.62
2.91

$            

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Life (Years)
7.9
NA
NA
6.5
7.2
10.0
NA
8.1
8.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
                
                
                
       
              
                
        
              
                
        
              
              
                
         
              
                
        
                
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

As of December 31, 2017, outstanding stock options had an intrinsic value of $0.3 million, the weighted average remaining vesting 
period of options outstanding was 3.8 years and unrecognized option compensation cost was $0.2 million.  The average fair value of 
stock options granted was $2.68 per share in 2017.  The following are the assumptions used in valuing the 2017 stock option grants: 

Assumed volatility

Assumed risk free interest rate

Average expected life of options (in years)

Expected dividends

Year Ended            

December 31, 2017
85% - 87%
(87% weighted average)
1.8% - 2.0%
(2.0% weighted average)
6.2
(6.2 weighted average)
- 

The following table summarizes information related to outstanding and exercisable stock options as of December 31, 2017: 

Outstanding

Exercisable

Range of Exercise 
Prices
$0.76 to $0.91
$1.09 to $1.98
$2.91 to $2.97
$3.47
$4.27 to $6.00
$16.00
$28.00 to $74.00

Shares 
Underlying  
Options

450,500
31,000
19,000
34,790
55,243
42,335
6,791
639,659

 Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price
$           

0.83
1.27
2.97
3.47
4.63
16.00
49.94
2.91

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Life (Years)
9.3
9.4
7.6
7.5
6.6
3.9
3.6
8.5

Shares 
Underlying  
Options

53,332
5,000
14,828
32,429
55,147
42,335
6,791
209,862

 Weighted 
Average 
Exercise 
Price
$           

0.79
1.98
2.97
3.47
4.83
16.00
49.94
7.06

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Contractual 
Life (Years)
9.2
7.9
7.6
7.5
6.6
3.9
3.6
6.8

$          

$           

In January 2018, we issued options to employees for the purchase of up to 278,873 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $1.42 
and a grant date fair value of $0.97 per share.  The options vest and become exercisable in four equal annual installments beginning in 
January 2019. 

Restricted Stock Units 

In late June 2017, we issued restricted stock units (RSUs), under the 2014 Plan, to our executive officers covering a total of 1,175,000 
shares of our common stock.  The shares subject to the RSUs vest based upon a vesting price equal to the volume weighted average 
trading price of our common stock over sixty-five consecutive trading days.  Each RSU’s shares vest (i) 10% if the vesting price equals 
or exceeds $5.00 per share, (ii) 30% if the vesting price equals or exceeds $10.00 per share and (iv) 60% if the vesting price equals or 
exceeds $15.00 per share.  The shares had a grant date fair value of $0.2 million which was being expensed ratably over a 3.5-year 
period beginning in July 2017.  In January 2018, 60% of the RSUs issued in June 2017 were cancelled.  The portion cancelled related 
to the $15.00 per share target vesting price. 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
       
               
         
               
         
             
               
           
             
               
         
             
               
         
             
               
         
             
               
         
             
               
         
             
               
         
             
               
         
           
               
         
           
               
           
           
               
           
           
               
       
             
     
              
 
 
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Nonvested Stock 

Shares 
Issued to 
Employees 
and 
Directors

Weighted 
Average 
Grant Date 
Fair Value

Fair Value    
(in thousands)
(a)
$            

$            

Nonvested at December 31, 2015
   Granted
   Vested
   Forfeited
Nonvested at December 31, 2016
   Granted
   Vested
   Forfeited
Nonvested at December 31, 2017

324,229
174,825
(242,215)
-
256,839
380,541
(252,636)
-
384,744

(b)

(c)

(d)

4.25
1.46
4.16
NA
2.44
0.92
2.42
NA
0.94

$           

$           

616.0
255.00
323.00
NA
265.00
349.00
220.00
NA
569.0

Weighted 
Average 
Remaining 
Vesting 
(Years)

Unrecognized 
Stock 
Compensation 
(in thousands)

1.66

$                

796.3

0.7

284.6

0.5

$               

176.3

(a)  Represents pre-tax fair value, based on our closing stock prices, which would have been received by the holders of the stock 
had all such holders sold their underlying shares on the date indicated, the dates of grant or the dates of vesting, as applicable.  
(b)  Includes 147,836 shares, for which vesting was accelerated in November 2016, based on the terms of a severance agreement. 
(c)  Includes 73,608 shares, for which vesting was accelerated in June 2017, based on the terms of a severance agreement. 
(d)  Excludes 890,708 shares, issued to a supplier, nonvested and unearned as of December 31, 2017.  The shares are being held in 

escrow until earned (as defined in our agreement) by the supplier at a fixed price of $2.80 per share 

NOTE 10. INCOME TAXES  

On December 22, 2017, the United States enacted significant changes to U.S. tax law following the passage and signing of H.R.1, “An 
Act to Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Titles II and V of the Concurrent Resolution on the Budget for Fiscal Year 2018” (the Tax 
Act).   The Tax Act reduces the U.S. federal corporate tax rate to a maximum of 21 percent.  As of December 31, 2017, we have not 
completed our accounting for the tax effects of the enactment of the Tax Act, however, in certain cases, as described below, we have 
made a reasonable estimate of the effects on our existing deferred tax balances. The application of this rate reduction to the ending 
deferred  tax  assets  and  deferred  tax  liabilities  impacted  our  expense  for  income  taxes  by  $7.1  million  which  was  fully  offset  by  a 
corresponding change to our valuation allowance in 2017.  We are still analyzing the Tax Act and refining our calculations, which could 
potentially impact the measurement of our tax balances.  The Tax Act contains several base broadening provisions that became effective 
on January 1, 2018, that we do not expect to have a material impact on future earnings.  The 2017 impact of the enactment of the Tax 
Act is reflected in the tables below. 

Deferred tax asset (liability) is comprised of the following (in thousands):  

December 31 

2017

$         

5,560
7,030
322
499
89
142
-
230
13,872
(13,872)
-

$            

2016

$         

7,946
363
724
743
(252)
342
178
466
10,510
(10,510)
$             
-

Net operating loss carryforwards
Capital loss
Stock options and warrants
Property
Intangible assets
Capitalized expenses
Debt and deferred financing
Other

Net deferred tax assets
Less: Valuation allowance

Deferred tax asset (liability)

42 

 
       
       
              
            
     
              
            
              
       
              
            
                  
       
              
            
     
              
            
              
       
 
 
 
 
 
           
              
              
              
              
              
                
             
              
              
               
              
              
              
         
         
        
        
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Deferred taxes arise from temporary differences in the recognition of certain expenses for tax and financial reporting purposes.  We 
have determined it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.  Accordingly, we have 
provided a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets.   

The following table summarizes the change in the valuation allowance (in thousands).   

Vaulation allowances at beginning of year
Net operating loss
Expiration of net operating losses and limitations
Effect of  federal rate reduction from 34% to 21%
Capital loss from redemption of Nutra SA interests
Other adjusments
Change in valuation allowance, before transfer
Transferred from discontinued operations
Valuation allowances at end of year

Years Ended December 31
2017
2016
$                
$              

10,510
4,358
2,353
(7,079)
11,058
(1,384)
9,306
(5,944)
13,872

5,726
5,021
(105)
-
-
(132)
4,784
-
10,510

$             

$              

As of December 31, 2017, net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal tax purposes totaled $22.5million and expire at various dates 
from 2021 through 2037.  Net operating loss carryforwards for state tax purposes totaled $15.6 million at December 31, 2017, and expire 
at various dates from 2018 through 2037.  We generated a capital loss carryforward of $29.1 million from the redemption of membership 
interest in Nutra S.A. for which the Company does not expect to realize benefit.  Therefore, a valuation allowance has been recorded as 
of December 31, 2017.   

We experienced several ownership changes as defined in IRC Section 382(g) as a result of offerings and conversions that occurred in 
2013 and 2014 and a new shareholder obtaining a greater than 5% interest in the value our equity in September 2017.  Our ability to 
utilize previously accumulated net operating loss carryforwards was subject to substantial annual limitations due to change in ownership 
provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and similar state regulations.  In the fourth quarter of 2017 we completed 
a formal analysis to determine the amount of annual limitation on net operations loss carryforwards prior to utilization. 

We are subject to taxation in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and local jurisdictions.  We record liabilities for income tax 
contingencies based on our best estimate of the underlying exposures.  We are open for audit by the IRS for years after 2013 and, 
generally, by U.S. state tax jurisdictions after 2012.   

Because we had a net loss from continuing operations and net income from discontinued operations, we were required to allocate a tax 
benefit to net loss from continuing operations under financial accounting guidance (ASC 740-25-7) in both 2017 and 2016.  The tax 
benefit allocated to the loss from continuing operations was limited to the lesser of the tax effect of the loss from continuing operations 
or the tax avoided on the overall net pretax income from discontinued operations that provide a source of realization of the continuing 
operations loss.  The components of income tax benefit follow (in thousands). 

Years Ended December 31
2017
2016

$                   

16

$                   

45

Current:
State
Deferred:

Federal
State

Total deferred

Income tax benefit

$           

(4,684)
(362)
(5,046)
(5,030)

(1,732)
(137)
(1,869)
(1,824)

$           

Reconciliations between the amount computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory tax rate (34%) to loss before income taxes, and 
income tax benefit follows (in thousands): 

43 

 
 
 
                  
                  
                  
                    
                 
                      
                
                      
                 
                    
                  
                  
                 
                      
 
 
 
 
 
              
              
                 
                 
              
              
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Income tax benefit at federal statutory rate
Increase (decrease) resulting from:
   State tax benefit, net of federal tax effect
   Effect of federal rate reduction from 34% to 21%
   Change in valuation allowance
   Capital loss from redemption of Nutra SA interests
   Expiration of net operating losses
   Reduction in deferred balances for forfeited, expired or cancelled options
   Nontaxable fair value adjustment
   Nondeductible expenses
   Other adjustments to deferred balances
   Allocated from discontinud operations
   Other
Income tax benefit

Years Ended December 31
2017
2016
$                
$                

(5,173)

(2,704)

(400)
7,079
9,306
(11,058)
(310)
317
(234)
55
-
(5,046)
434
(5,030)

$               

(214)
-
4,784
-
105
168
(553)
(465)
(994)
(1,864)
(86)
(1,824)

$                

We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in selling, general and administrative expenses.  We have not 
identified any uncertain tax positions requiring a reserve as of December 31, 2017 or 2016.  We do not expect that the total amount of 
unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months. 

NOTE 11. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT 

The fair value of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts and other receivables and accounts payable approximates their 
carrying value due to shorter maturities.  As of December 31, 2017, the fair value of our debt (Level 3 measurement) approximated its 
carrying value, based on current market rates for similar debt with similar maturities.   

Fair value is based on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between 
market participants at the measurement date.  Certain assets and liabilities are presented in the financial statements at fair value.  Assets 
and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis include derivative warrant and conversion liabilities.  Assets and liabilities 
measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis may include property. 

We assess the inputs used to measure fair value using a three-tier hierarchy based on the extent to which inputs used in measuring fair 
value are observable in the market: 

●  Level 1 – inputs include quoted prices for identical instruments and are the most observable. 
●  Level 2 – inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and observable inputs such as interest rates, currency exchange rates 

and yield curves. 

●  Level  3  – inputs  are  not  observable  in  the  market  and  include  management’s  judgments  about  the  assumptions  market 

participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. 

For instruments measured using Level 3 inputs, a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances is disclosed. 

The following tables summarize the fair values by input hierarchy of items measured at fair value on a recurring basis on our balance 
sheets (in thousands). 

Total liabilities at fair value, as of December 31, 2016 - derivative warrant liabilities

Level 1
-$   

Level 2
-$    

Level 3
$    
1,527

Total

$   

1,527

Warrants accounted for as derivative liabilities were valued using the lattice model each reporting period and the resultant change in fair 
value is recorded in net income (loss).  The lattice model required us to assess the probability of future issuance of equity instruments 
at a price lower than the current exercise price of the warrants.  The risk-free interest rate is determined by reference to the treasury yield 
curve rate of instruments with the same term as the warrant.  Additional assumptions that were used to calculate fair value follow. 

44 

 
                     
                     
                   
                       
                   
                   
                
                       
                     
                      
                      
                      
                     
                     
                        
                     
                       
                     
                  
                  
                      
                       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Risk-free interest rate

Expected volatility

Year Ended           December 
31, 2016
0.6% -1.9% 
(1.6% weighted average)
64%
(64% weighted average)

The following tables summarize the changes in Level 3 items measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):  

Fair Value 
as of  
Beginning of 
Year

Total 
Realized 
and 
Unrealized 
Gains
(Losses)
(1)

Total Level 3 Fair Value

Issuance of 
New 
Instruments

Reclassify to 
Equity 
(Deficit)

Conversion 
to Common 
Stock

Fair Value, 
at End of 
Year

Gains 
(Losses) on 
Instruments 
Still Held

2017, derivative warrant liabilities

$       

(1,527)

$            

669

$       

(7,917)

$         

7,980

$            

795

$            
-

$            
-

2016, derivative warrant liabilities

$          

(678)

$        

1,625

$      

(2,474)

$           

-

$            
-

$       

(1,527)

$         

(849)

(1)  Included in change in fair value of derivative warrant liabilities in net income (loss). 

NOTE 12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

Employment Contracts and Severance Payments 

In  the normal  course of business, we  periodically  enter  into  employment  agreements which  incorporate  indemnification  provisions.  
While the maximum amount to which we may be exposed under such agreements cannot be reasonably estimated, we maintain insurance 
coverage, which we believe will effectively mitigate our obligations under these indemnification provisions.  No amounts have been 
recorded in our financial statements with respect to any obligations under such agreements. 

We have employment contracts with certain officers and key management that include provisions for potential severance payments in 
the event of without-cause terminations or terminations under certain circumstances after a change in control. In addition, vesting of 
outstanding nonvested equity grants would accelerate following a change in control.  

In November 2016, we entered into an agreement settling matters with our former chief executive officer related to his separation of 
employment and termination from our board of directors in November 2016.  Pursuant to this agreement we paid the former executive 
severance of $0.3 million in 2016, $0.4 million in 2017.  In 2016 we expensed the total $0.7 million associated with the agreement.   

Leases 

We lease certain properties under various operating lease arrangements that expire over the next 16 years.  These leases generally provide 
us with the option to renew the lease at the end of the lease term.  We incurred rent expense of $0.4 million in 2017 and $0.6 million in 
2016.  

Future minimum payments under these commitments as of December 31, 2017, are as follows (in thousands):   

2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Thereafter
Total minimum lease payments

45 

$     

386
377
384
394
404
2,336
4,281

$ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
       
       
       
    
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

In March 2018, we entered into a triple net lease for approximately 5,380 square feet of office space in The Woodlands, Texas.  We 
expect to move into the space in the second quarter of 2018.  The initial term of the lease is sixty-five months and rent is abated for the 
first five months.  Minimum monthly base rents total $0.1 million per year during the initial term of the lease.  We expect to recognize 
rent expense of $0.1 million per year for base rent, plus additional amounts for operating expenses, real estate taxes and other 
items.  We may extend the term of the lease for an additional five-year period at a fair market base rent, as defined in the agreement. 

From time to time we are involved in litigation incidental to the conduct of our business.  These matters may relate to employment and 
labor claims, patent and intellectual property claims, claims of alleged non-compliance with contract provisions and claims related to 
alleged violations of laws and regulations.  When applicable, we record accruals for contingencies when it is probable that a liability 
will be incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated.  While the outcome of lawsuits and other proceedings against us 
cannot be predicted with certainty, in the opinion of management, individually or in the aggregate, no such lawsuits are expected to have 
a  material  effect  on  our  financial  position  or  results  of  operations.    Defense  costs  are  expensed  as  incurred  and  are  included  in 
professional fees. 

NOTE 13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS  

Entities  beneficially  owned  by  Baruch  Halpern,  a  director,  invested  in  our  subordinated  notes  and  related  warrants  prior  to  2016.  
Throughout the first six months of 2017, Mr. Halpern beneficially held approximately 43% of our outstanding subordinated debt which 
was repaid in full in July 2017 from the proceeds of the sale of HN.  The warrants remain outstanding.  See Note 9 for information 
related to the modification of the subordinated notes, repricing of related warrants and the issuance of warrants to subordinated note 
holders in February 2017.  In 2017 and 2016, we paid $0.2 million and $0.3 million of interest on the subordinated notes.  In 2017 and 
2016, we expensed $0.1 million and $0.3 million of interest on the subordinated notes.  

As discussed in Note 9, in September 2017, we issued and sold 2,654,732 shares of common stock to Continental Grain Company 
(CGG).  Our director, Ari Gendason is an employee and senior vice president, head of corporate investments of CGG.  As of the date 
of this filing, CGG owns approximate 16% of our outstanding common stock.  We have agreed that in connection with each annual or 
special  meeting  of  our  shareholders  at  which  members  of  our  board  of  directors  are  to  be  elected,  or  any  written  consent  of  our 
shareholders pursuant to which members of the board of directors are to be elected, CGC shall have the right to designate one nominee 
to our board of directors. 

In July 2016, we entered into an agreement with (i) LF-RB Management, LLC, Stephen D. Bask, Richard Bellofatto, Edward M. Giles, 
Michael Goose, Gary L. Herman, Larry Hopfenspirger and Richard Jacinto II (collectively, the LF-RB Group) and (ii) our directors 
Beth  Bronner,  Ari  Gendason  and  Brent  Rosenthal  (together  with  the  LF-RB  Group,  the  Shareholder  Group).    The  LF-RB  Group 
beneficially owns approximately 9.9% of our outstanding stock.  Among other things, under the agreement we paid the LF-RB Group 
$50,000 in cash and issued 100,000 shares of our common stock to the LF-RB Group for out-of-pocket legal fees and other expenses 
incurred by the LF-RB Group in connection with its solicitation of proxies to elect its designees to our board at the 2016 annual meeting 
of shareholders. In addition, the agreement requires that until December 31, 2018, we nominate directors Beth Bronner, Ari Gendason 
and Brent Rosenthal for election to our board of directors and recommend that our shareholders vote to elect these individuals to our 
board  of  directors.  The  Shareholder  Group  agreed,  until  December  31,  2018,  to  vote  their  respective  shares  of  common  stock  in 
accordance with the recommendations of our board of directors. 

NOTE 14. FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH NASDAQ LISTING REQUIREMENTS 

On August 18, 2016, we received a notification letter from The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (Nasdaq) indicating that we had failed to 
comply  with  the  minimum  stockholders’  equity  requirement  of  Nasdaq  Listing  Rule  5550(b)(1).    Nasdaq  Listing  Rule  5550(b)(1) 
requires that companies listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market maintain a minimum of $2.5 million in stockholders’ equity for continued 
listing pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1).  On April 24, 2017, we received a decision letter from Nasdaq stating that the request 
we made at a hearing for continued listing had been granted provided that, on or before May 15, 2017, we had announced that our equity 
was over $2.5 million (it was $7.9 million as of March 31, 2017).  As reported herein, our equity is $14.7 million and exceeds the 
minimum as of December 31, 2017. 

On March 10, 2017, we received a notification letter from Nasdaq indicating that we had failed to comply with the minimum bid price 
requirement of Nasdaq List Rule 5550(a)(2) because our common stock failed to meet the closing bid price of $1.00 or more for 30 
consecutive trading days.  Nasdaq rules allowed for a compliance period of 180 calendar days, or until September 6, 2017, in which to 
regain compliance.  On August 1, 2017, we received a notification letter from Nasdaq that we regained compliance with Nasdaq List 
Rule 5550(a)(2) minimum bid price requirement by meeting the closing bid price of $1.00 or more for 10 consecutive trading days on 
July 31, 2017.   

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

NOTE 15. GAIN ON RESOLUTION OF IRGOVEL PURCHASE LITIGATION 

Under the January 31, 2008, purchase agreement related to the purchase of Irgovel, we deposited $2.0 million into an escrow account 
to cover contingencies.  On March 24, 2016, the $1.9 million in the escrow account was released to us to fund an award owed to us by 
the sellers of Irgovel.  We recognized a gain of $1.6 million in 2016, equal to the difference between the $1.9 million escrow liability 
and the $0.3 million of resolved pre-acquisition contingencies specifically identified and accrued.  As required under an agreement with 
a lender, we used part of the proceeds to pay $1.0 million of a senior term loan.   

47 

 
 
 
 
 
ITEM  9.  CHANGES  IN  AND  DISAGREEMENTS  WITH  ACCOUNTANTS  ON  ACCOUNTING  AND  FINANCIAL 
DISCLOSURE 

PART II 
(continued) 

None. 

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

An evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as such term is defined in 
Rule 13a and Rule15d-15(e)) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act) was performed as of December 31, 2017, 
under the supervision and with the participation of our current management, including our current Chief Executive Officer and Chief 
Financial Officer.  Our disclosure controls and procedures have been designed to ensure that information we are required to disclose in 
reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by 
the  SEC’s  rules  and  forms  and  that  such  information  is  accumulated  and  communicated  to  our  management,  including  our  Chief 
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. 

Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures 
were effective as of December 31, 2017. 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2017, that 
have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. 

Management Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined 
in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act and for the assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial 
reporting.  The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  GAAP.    The 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: 

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of 
the assets of the Company; 
provide  reasonable  assurance  that  transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of  financial  statements  in 
accordance  with  GAAP,  and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  Company  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with 
authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and 
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention, or timely detection, of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the 
Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Also, projections 
of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in 
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

Under  the  supervision  and  with  the  participation  of  current  management,  including  our  current  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief 
Financial Officer, we conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2017.  In making this assessment, management used the criteria set forth in the framework established by the Committee 
of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (COSO)  entitled  “Internal  Control  -  Integrated  Framework  (the  “2013 
Framework).” 

Our management concluded that as of December 31, 2017, we maintained effective internal control over financial reporting based on 
the criteria established in the 2013 Framework, issued by COSO. 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION 

None. 

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

PART III 

The information required by Item 10 of Part III is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement, to be filed within 120 
days of our fiscal year end, or will be included in an amendment to this Form 10-K. 

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

The information required by Item 11 of Part III is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement, to be filed within 120 
days of our fiscal year end, or will be included in an amendment to this Form 10-K. 

ITEM  12.  SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT  AND  RELATED 
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS. 

The information required by Item 12 of Part III is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement, to be filed within 120 
days of our fiscal year end, or will be included in an amendment to this Form 10-K. 

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE 

The information required by Item 13 of Part III is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement, to be filed within 120 
days of our fiscal year end, or will be included in an amendment to this Form 10-K. 

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES 

The information required by Item 14 of Part III is incorporated by reference to our definitive proxy statement, to be filed within 120 
days of our fiscal year end, or will be included in an amendment to this Form 10-K. 

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES 

See Exhibit Index attached hereto. 
The Financial Statements are included under Item 8.

PART IV 

49 

 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 
Number  Exhibit Description 

Incorporated by Reference 
Exhibit 
Number     Filing/Effective Date   

File No. 

Filed 
Herewith 

   Form    

EXHIBIT INDEX 

2.01 

Asset Purchase Agreement dated July 14, 2017, among the Registrant, Healthy Natural, 
Inc. and United Laboratories Manufacturing, LLC 

3.01.01     Restated and Amended Articles of Incorporation filed with the Secretary of State of 

California on December 13, 2001 

3.01.02     Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation filed with the Secretary of State 

8-K 

001-36245

   10-KSB    

000-32565  

2.1

3.3  

July 17, 2017

April 16, 2002 

of California on August 4, 2003 

   SB-2 

   333-129839  

3.01.1   November 18, 2005 

3.01.03     Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation filed with the Secretary of State 

of California on October 31, 2003 

   10-QSB    

000-32565  

3.4   November 19, 2003 

3.01.04     Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation filed with the Secretary of State 

of California on September 29, 2005 

   SB-2 

   333-129839  

3.03   November 18, 2005 

3.01.05     Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation filed with the Secretary of State 

of California on August 20, 2007 

3.01.06     Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation filed with the Secretary of State 

of California on June 30, 2011 

3.01.07     Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation filed with the Secretary of State 

of California on July 12, 2013 

3.01.08     Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation filed with the Secretary of State 

of California on May 30, 2014 

3.01.09     Certificate of Amendment of Articles of Incorporation filed with the Secretary of State 

of California on February 15, 2017 

3.02 

   Certificate of Designation of the Rights, Preferences, and Privileges of the Series A 

Preferred Stock filed with the Secretary of State of California on December 13, 2001 
   Certificate of Determination, Preferences and Rights of Series B Convertible Preferred 

3.03 

Stock filed with the Secretary of State of California on October 4, 2005 

3.04 

   Certificate of Determination, Preferences and Rights of Series C Convertible Preferred 

Stock filed with the Secretary of State of California on May 10, 2006 

3.05 

   Certificate of Determination, Preferences and Rights of the Series D Convertible 

   10-Q 

000-32565  

   8-K 

000-32565  

   10-Q 

000-32565  

3.1  

3.1  

3.1  

August 14, 2007 

July 5, 2011 

August 14, 2013 

   S-3 
   S-3 

   333-196541  
   333-217131  

3.01.08  
3.1.9  

June 5, 2014 
April, 04, 2017

   SB-2 

333-89790  

   8-K 

   8-K 

000-32565  

000-32565  

4.1  

3.1  

3.1  

June 4, 2002 

October 4, 2005 

May 15, 2006 

Preferred Stock, filed with the Secretary of State of California on October 17, 2008 

   8-K 

000-32565  

3.1  

October 20, 2008 

3.06 

3.07 

3.08 

   Certificate of Determination, Preferences and Rights of the Series E Convertible 
Preferred Stock, filed with the Secretary of State of California on May 7, 2009 
   Certificate of Determination, Preferences and Rights of the Series F Convertible 

Preferred Stock, filed with the Secretary of State of California on February 18, 2016 
   Form of Certificate of Determination of Preferences and Rights of Series G Convertible 
Preferred Stock, filed with the Secretary of State of California on February 9, 2017 

3.09.1     Bylaws 
3.09.2     Amendment of Bylaws effective June 19, 2007 
3.09.3     Amendment of Bylaws effective December 4, 2009 
3.09.4     Amendment of Bylaws, effective as of February 13, 2017 

   8-K 

   8-K 

   8-K 
   SB-2 
   8-K 
   8-K 
   S-3 

000-32565  

3.1  

May 8, 2009 

000-32565  

3.1  

February 23, 2016 

000-32565  
   333-134957  
000-32565  
000-32565  
   333-217131  

February 15, 2017 
3.1  
June 12, 2006 
3.05  
3.1  
June 25, 2007 
3.1   December 10, 2009 
April, 04, 2017 

3.9.4  

50 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
Exhibit 
Number  Exhibit Description 

Incorporated by Reference 
Exhibit 
Number     Filing/Effective Date   

File No. 

Filed 
Herewith 

   Form    

EXHIBIT INDEX 

3.10 
4.01 
4.02 
4.03 
4.04 
4.05 
4.06 
4.07 
4.08 
10.01 
10.02 

  8-K 
  Certificate of Ownership dated October 3, 20112 
   8-K 
   Form of Warrant 
   8-K 
   Form of Warrant 
   8-K 
   Form of Warrant 
   8-K 
   Form of Warrant 
   8-K 
   Form of Warrant (Preferred Private Placement) 
   8-K 
   Form of Debenture 
   8-K 
   Form of Warrant (Debt Private Placement) 
   Form of Warrant (Amendment to Subordinated Debt) 
   8-K 
 *  Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with Jerry Dale Belt dated July 1, 2016    8-K 
 *  Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with Robert Smith dated March 8, 

2017 

 *  Employment Agreement with Michael Goose dated July 11, 2016 
10.03 
 *  Mutual Release Agreement with W. John Short 
10.04 
 *  Employment Agreement with Brent R. Rystrom dated March 8, 2017 
10.05 
 *  2014 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended. 
10.06 
 *  Form of Stock Option Agreement for 2014 Equity Incentive Plan 
10.07 
 *  Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for 2014 Equity Incentive Plan 
10.08 
10.09 
 *  Form of Indemnification Agreement for officers and directors 
10.10  +  Membership Interest Purchase Agreement dated December 29, 2010 
   Membership Interest Purchase Agreement dated April 2, 2013 
10.11 
10.12 

Membership Interest Redemption and Equipment Purchase Agreement dated November 
28, 2017 

10.13 
10.14 
10.15 
10.16 
10.17 
10.18 
10.19 

   Registration Rights Agreement dated March 20, 2014 
   Form of Registration Rights Agreement 
   Lender Warrant dated May 12, 2015 
   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated February 17, 2016 
   Registration Rights Agreement dated February 17, 2016 

Independent Contractor Agreement 

   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated February 9, 2017 (Preferred Private 

Placement) 

10.20 
10.21 

   Registration Rights Agreement dated February 13, 2017 (Preferred Private Placement) 
   Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated February 9, 2017 (Debt Private 

Placement) 

10.22 
10.23 
10.24 

   Registration Rights Agreement dated February 13, 2017 (Debt Private Placement) 
   Form of Security Agreement dated February 13, 2017 
   Form of IP Security Agreement dated February 13, 2017 

51 

   8-K 
   8-K 
   8-K 
   8-K 
   8-K 
   10-K 
   10-K 
   10-Q 
   8-K/A 
   8-K 

8-K 
   8-K 
   8-K 
   8-K 
   8-K 
   8-K 
   8-K 

   8-K 
   8-K 

   8-K 
   8-K 
   8-K 
   8-K 

000-32565 
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  

001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
000-32565  
000-32565  
000-32565  

000-32565
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  

001-36245  
001-36245  

001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  

3.01 
4.2  
4.1  
4.1  
4.1  
4.1  
4.2  
4.3  
4.4  
10.5  

October 10, 2012 
March 21, 2014 
June 20, 2014 
October 1, 2014 
February 17, 2016 
February 15, 2017 
February 15, 2017 
February 15, 2017 
February 15, 2017 
July 11, 2016 

10.2  
March 13, 2017 
July 18, 2016 
10.1  
10.1   November 22, 2016 
March 13, 2017 
10.1  
10.1  
June 27, 2017 
March 31, 2015 
10.72  
March 31, 2015 
10.73  
10.2  
May 12, 2011 
August 10, 2011 
10.1  
April 5, 2013 
10.1  

10.1
10.2 
10.2 
10.6 
10.1 
10.2 
10.1 

10.1 
10.2 

10.3 
10.4 
10.5 
10.6 

December 4, 2017
March 21, 2014 
October 1, 2014 
May 15, 2015 
February 17, 2016 
February 17, 2016 
December 29, 2016 

February 5, 2017 
February 5, 2017 

February 5, 2017 
February 5, 2017 
February 5, 2017 
February 5, 2017 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
EXHIBIT INDEX 

Exhibit 
Number  Exhibit Description 

Incorporated by Reference 
Exhibit 
Number     Filing/Effective Date   

File No. 

Filed 
Herewith 

   Form    

10.25 
10.26 
10.27 
10.28 
10.29 

21 
23.1 
24.1 

   Form of Subsidiary Guarantee dated February 13, 2017 
   Form of Subordination Agreement dated February 13, 2017 
   Form of Amendment Number Two to Loan Documents dated February 9, 2017 

Form of Common Stock Purchase Agreement dated September 13, 2017 
Form of Registration Rights Agreement dated September 13, 2017 

   8-K 
   8-K 
   8-K 
  8-K 
  8-K 

001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245 
001-36245 

   List of Subsidiaries 
   Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. 

   10-K 
   10-K 

001-36245  
001-36245  

Power of Attorney – Power of Attorney (incorporated by reference to the signature page 
of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.) 

 31.1 
31.2 
32.1 

   Certification by CEO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 
   Certification by CFO pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 
   Certification by CEO and CFO pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 

   10-K 
   10-K 
   10-K 

2002. 

101.INS    XBRL Instance Document 
101.SCH    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 
101.CAL    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 
101.DEF    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Definition Linkbase Document 
101.LAB    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Label Linkbase Document 
101.PRE    XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Presentation Linkbase Document 

   10-K 
   10-K 
   10-K 
   10-K 
   10-K 
   10-K 

001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  

001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  
001-36245  

10.7 
10.8 
10.9 
10.1 
10.2 

21 
23.1 

31.1 
31.2 
32.2 

101.INS 
101.SCH 
101.CAL 
DEF 
LAB 
PRE 

February 5, 2017 
February 5, 2017 
February 5, 2017 
September 13, 2017 
September 13, 2017 

March 15, 2017 
March 15, 2017 

 March 15, 2017 
 March 15, 2017 
March 15, 2017

March 15, 2017 
March 15, 2017 
March 15, 2017 
March 15, 2017 
March 15, 2017 
March 15, 2017 

X 
X 

X 
X 
X 

X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 

+ 
* 
@ 

Confidential treatment granted as to certain portions 
Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan, contract or arrangement in which any Director or any Executive Officer participates. 
XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) information is furnished and not filed or a part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 
12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise is not 
subject to liability under these sections.  

52 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant duly caused this report to be 
signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

SIGNATURES 

Date: March 15, 2018  

RICEBRAN TECHNOLOGIES 

By:   /s/ Robert Smith 
Robert Smith 
Director and Chief Executive Officer 

Power of Attorney 

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Robert Smith, true and lawful attorney-in-fact, with the power of 
substitution, for him/her in any and all capacities, to sign amendments to this Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits 
thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming 
all that said attorneys-in-fact, or his substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue thereof. 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this report has been signed by the following persons 
on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

Signature 

Title

Date

Principal Executive Officer: 
/s/ Robert Smith 
Robert Smith 

Principal Financial Officer  
/s/ Brent Rystrom 
Brent Rystrom 

Principal Accounting Officer 
/s/ Dennis Dykes                                           
Dennis Dykes 

Additional Directors: 

Director and Chief Executive Officer 

March 15, 2018 

Chief Financial Officer 

March 15, 2018 

Chief Accounting Officer 

March 15, 2018 

/s/ Beth Bronner                                            
Beth Bronner 

Director 

/s/ Robert S. Bucklin                                       
Robert S. Bucklin 

Director 

/s/ Ari Gendason 
Ari Gendason 

/s/ David Goldman 
David Goldman 

/s/ Baruch Halpern 
Baruch Halpern 

/s/ Henk W. Hoogenkamp 
Henk W. Hoogenkamp 

/s/ Brent Rosenthal 
Brent Rosenthal 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

March 15, 2018 

March 15, 2018 

March 15, 2018 

March 15, 2018 

March 15, 2018 

March 15, 2018 

Director and Chairman 

March 15, 2018 

53 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
RiceBran Technologies 
Subsidiaries of the Registrant 
As of March 15, 2018 

Exhibit 21 

State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation 
Delaware limited liability company 
Delaware limited liability company 
Delaware limited liability company 
Delaware limited liability company 
Delaware limited liability company 
Delaware limited liability company 
Delaware corporation 
Montana corporation. 
Delaware limited liability company 
Delaware limited liability company 
Delaware limited liability company 
Delaware limited liability company 
Delaware limited liability company 

Subsidiaries of the Registrant 
Grain Enhancement, LLC (2) (4) 
NutraCea, LLC (1) 
RBT PRO, LLC (6) 
RBT – YOUJI, LLC (7) 
Rice Rx, LLC (1) 
Rice Science LLC (1) 
The RiceX Company (1) 
RiceX Nutrients, Inc. (3) 
SRB-MERM, LLC (5)  
SRB-LC, LLC (5) 
SRB-MT, LLC (5) 
SRB-WS, LLC (5) 
SRB-IP, LLC (5) 
_____ 

(1)             wholly owned subsidiary of RiceBran Technologies 
(2)             47.5% interest 
(3)             wholly owned subsidiary of The RiceX Company 
(4)             inactive 
(5)             wholly owned subsidiary of NutraCea, LLC 
(6)             50.0 % interest 
(7)             55.0 % interest 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm’s Consent 

Exhibit 23.1 

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement of RiceBran Technologies on Form S-3 (Nos. 333-196541, 
333-196950, 333-199646, 333-212658, 333-217131 and 333-221124) and Form S-8 (Nos. 333-110585, 333-135814, 333-199648 and 
333-221781)  of  our  report  dated  March  15,  2018,  with  respect  to  our  audits  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  of  RiceBran 
Technologies as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 and for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2017, which report is 
included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K of RiceBran Technologies for the year ended December 31, 2017. 

/s/ Marcum LLP 

Marcum LLP 
New York, NY 

March 15, 2018 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 31.1 

I, Robert Smith, Chief Executive Officer of RiceBran Technologies, certify that: 

1) 

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of RiceBran Technologies, a California corporation; 

CERTIFICATION 

2)  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary 
to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to 
the period covered by this report; 

3)  Based  on  my  knowledge,  the  financial  statements,  and  other  financial  information  included  in  this  report,  fairly  present  in  all 
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented 
in this report;  

4)  The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange 
Act rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: 

a)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our 
supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known 
to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report was prepared; 

b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed 
under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of 
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; 

c)  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions 
about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on 
such evaluation; and 

d)  Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred  during  the 
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially 
affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 

5)  The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial 
reporting,  to  the  registrant’s  auditors  and  the  audit  committee  of  the  registrant’s  board  of  directors  (or  persons  performing  the 
equivalent functions): 

a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which 
are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; 
and  

b)  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s 

internal control over financial reporting. 

Dated:  March 15, 2018 

/s/ Robert Smith   
Name: Robert Smith  
Title: Chief Executive Officer 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exhibit 31.2 

I, Brent Rystrom, Chief Financial Officer of RiceBran Technologies, certify that: 

1) 

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of RiceBran Technologies, a California corporation; 

CERTIFICATION 

2)  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary 
to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to 
the period covered by this report; 

3)  Based  on  my  knowledge,  the  financial  statements,  and  other  financial  information  included  in  this  report,  fairly  present  in  all 
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented 
in this report;  

4)  The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures 
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange 
Act rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: 

a)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our 
supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known 
to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report was prepared; 

b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed 
under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of 
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; 

c)  Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions 
about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on 
such evaluation; and 

d)  Disclosed  in  this  report  any  change  in  the  registrant’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  that  occurred  during  the 
registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially 
affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 

5)  The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial 
reporting,  to  the  registrant’s  auditors  and  the  audit  committee  of  the  registrant’s  board  of  directors  (or  persons  performing  the 
equivalent functions): 

a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which 
are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; 
and  

b)  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s 

internal control over financial reporting. 

Dated:  March 15, 2018 

/s/ Brent Rystrom  
Name: Brent Rystrom 
Title: Chief Financial Officer 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION 
PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 
(SUBSECTIONS (a) AND (b) OF SECTION 1350, CHAPTER 63 OF 
TITLE 18, UNITED STATES CODE) 

Exhibit 32.1 

In connection with the Annual Report of RiceBran Technologies (the Company) on Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2017, 
as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the Report), we, Robert Smith, Chief Executive Officer of 
the Company, and Brent Rystrom, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant 
to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:  

1)  The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and  

2)  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of 

the Company.  

Dated:  March 15, 2018 

By:  /s/ Robert Smith 
Robert Smith 
Chief Executive Officer 

By:  /s/ Brent Rystrom 
Brent Rystrom 
Chief Financial Officer 

58