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Schindler

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FY2021 Annual Report · Schindler
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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K
☒  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Fiscal Year Ended August 31, 2021
or
☐  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from                 to                

Commission File Number 000-22496

SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

OREGON
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

299 SW Clay Street, Suite 350, Portland, Oregon
(Address of principal executive offices)

93-0341923
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

97201
(Zip Code)

(503) 224-9900
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Class A Common Stock, $1.00 par value

SCHN

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☒   No ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐   No ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding
12  months  (or  for  such  shorter  period  that  the  registrant  was  required  to  file  such  reports),  and  (2)  has  been  subject  to  such  filing  requirements  for  the  past  90  days.
Yes ☒   No ☐

Indicate  by  check  mark  whether  the  registrant  has  submitted  electronically  every  Interactive  Data  File  required  to  be  submitted  pursuant  to  Rule  405  of  Regulation  S-T
(§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒   No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth
company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange
Act.

Large accelerated filer ☒ Accelerated filer ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☐

Smaller reporting company ☐ Emerging growth company ☐

If  an  emerging  growth  company,  indicate  by  check  mark  if  the  registrant  has  elected  not  to  use  the  extended  transition  period  for  complying  with  any  new  or  revised
financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has led a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over nancial
reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting rm that prepared or issued its audit report.  ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐   No ☒

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s outstanding common stock held by non-affiliates on February 28, 2021 was $914,573,020.

The registrant had 27,332,353 shares of Class A common stock, par value of $1.00 per share, and 200,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value of $1.00 per share,
outstanding as of October 19, 2021.

Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for the January 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
FORM 10-K

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

PART I

Item 1

  Business

Item 1A

  Risk Factors

Item 1B

  Unresolved Staff Comments

Properties

Legal Proceedings

  Mine Safety Disclosures

Item 2

Item 3

Item 4

PART II

Item 5

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 

Equity Securities

[Reserved]

  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 6

Item 7

Item 7A

  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Item 8

Item 9

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Item 9A

  Controls and Procedures

Item 9B

  Other Information

Item 9C

 Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections

PART III

Item 10

Item 11

Item 12

Item 13

Item 14

  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Executive Compensation

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

PART IV

Item 15

Item 16

SIGNATURES

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Form 10-K Summary

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96

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Statements and information included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K by Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. that are not purely historical are
forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are made pursuant to the “safe harbor”
provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Except as noted herein or as the context may otherwise require, all references to
“we,” “our,” “us,” “the Company” and “SSI” refer to Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Forward-looking  statements  in  this  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  include  statements  regarding  future  events  or  our  expectations,  intentions,
beliefs and strategies regarding the future, which may include statements regarding the impact of pandemics, epidemics or other public health
emergencies, such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) pandemic; the impact of equipment upgrades, equipment failures and facility
damage on production, including timing of repairs and resumption of operations; the realization of insurance recoveries; the Company’s outlook,
growth  initiatives  or  expected  results  or  objectives,  including  pricing,  margins,  sales  volumes  and  profitability;  completion  of  acquisitions  and
integration of acquired businesses; liquidity positions; our ability to generate cash from continuing operations; trends, cyclicality and changes in
the markets we sell into; strategic direction or goals; targets; changes to manufacturing and production processes; the realization of deferred tax
assets; planned capital expenditures; the cost of and the status of any agreements or actions related to our compliance with environmental and
other laws; expected tax rates, deductions and credits; the impact of sanctions and tariffs, quotas and other trade actions and import restrictions;
the potential impact of adopting new accounting pronouncements; the impact of labor shortages or increased labor costs; obligations under our
retirement plans; benefits, savings or additional costs from business realignment, cost containment and productivity improvement programs; and
the adequacy of accruals.

Forward-looking statements by their nature address matters that are, to different degrees, uncertain, and often contain words such as “outlook,”
“target,”  “aim,”  “believes,”  “expects,”  “anticipates,”  “intends,”  “assumes,”  “estimates,”  “evaluates,”  “may,”  “will,”  “should,”  “could,”
“opinions,” “forecasts,” “projects,” “plans,” “future,” “forward,” “potential,” “probable,” and similar expressions. However, the absence of these
words or similar expressions does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking.

We may make other forward-looking statements from time to time, including in reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, press
releases, presentations and on public conference calls. All forward-looking statements we make are based on information available to us at the
time the statements are made, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements, except as may be required by law. Our
business is subject to the effects of changes in domestic and global economic conditions and a number of other risks and uncertainties that could
cause  actual  results  to  differ  materially  from  those  included  in,  or  implied  by,  such  forward-looking  statements.  Some  of  these  risks  and
uncertainties  are  discussed  in  “Item  1A.  Risk  Factors”  of  Part  I  of  this  Form  10-K.  Examples  of  these  risks  include:  the  impact  of  pandemics,
epidemics  or  other  public  health  emergencies,  such  as  the  COVID-19  pandemic;  the  impact  of  equipment  upgrades,  equipment  failures  and
facility  damage  on  production;  potential  environmental  cleanup  costs  related  to  the  Portland  Harbor  Superfund  site  or  other  locations;  the
cyclicality and impact of general economic conditions; changing conditions in global markets including the impact of sanctions and tariffs, quotas
and  other  trade  actions  and  import  restrictions;  volatile  supply  and  demand  conditions  affecting  prices  and  volumes  in  the  markets  for  raw
materials and other inputs we purchase; significant decreases in recycled metal prices; imbalances in supply and demand conditions in the global
steel industry; difficulties associated with acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses; supply chain disruptions; reliance on third-party
shipping companies, including with respect to freight rates and the availability of transportation; inability to obtain or renew business licenses and
permits; the impact of goodwill impairment charges; the impact of long-lived asset and equity investment impairment charges; failure to realize or
delays in realizing expected benefits from investments in processing and manufacturing technology improvements; inability to achieve or sustain
the benefits from productivity, cost savings and restructuring initiatives; inability to renew facility leases; customer fulfillment of their contractual
obligations; increases in the relative value of the U.S. dollar; the impact of foreign currency fluctuations; potential limitations on our ability to
access capital resources and existing credit facilities; restrictions on our business and financial covenants under the agreement governing our bank
credit facilities; the impact of consolidation in the steel industry; product liability claims; the impact of legal proceedings and legal compliance; the
adverse impact of climate change; the impact of not realizing deferred tax assets; the impact of tax increases and changes in tax rules; the impact
of one or more cybersecurity incidents; environmental compliance costs and potential environmental liabilities; compliance with climate change
and  greenhouse  gas  emission  laws  and  regulations;  the  impact  of  labor  shortages  or  increased  labor  costs;  reliance  on  employees  subject  to
collective bargaining agreements; and the impact of the underfunded status of multiemployer plans in which we participate.

1 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

General

PART I

Founded in 1906, Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. is one of North America’s largest recyclers of ferrous and nonferrous metal, including end-of-life vehicles,
and a manufacturer of finished steel products. As a vertically integrated organization, we offer a range of products and services to meet global demand
through our network that includes 50 retail self-service auto parts stores, 52 metals recycling facilities and an electric arc furnace (“EAF”) steel mill.

Worldwide demand for recycled ferrous and nonferrous metal is driven primarily by production levels for finished steel and for products using nonferrous
metal.  Recycled  ferrous  metal  is  the  primary  feedstock  for  steel  mill  production  using  EAF  technology  and  one  of  the  raw  materials  utilized  for  steel
manufacturing using blast furnace technology. Steel mills around the world, including those in the North American domestic market in which our own steel
mill operates, are the primary end markets for our recycled ferrous metal products. Specialty steelmakers, foundries, refineries, smelters, wholesalers, and
other recycled metal processors globally are the primary end markets for our recycled nonferrous metal products. Our steel mill produces finished steel
products using internally sourced recycled ferrous metal as the primary raw material and sells to customers located primarily in the Western United States
and Western Canada.

We  believe  long-term  demand  for  recycled  metals  will  continue  to  be  driven  by  factors  including  global  economic  growth  and  an  increased  focus  on
environmental  policies  promoting  natural  resource  conservation,  lower  greenhouse  gas  emissions,  and  lower  energy  usage.  We  believe  the  significant
environmental benefits and production efficiencies associated with steelmaking that maximizes the use of recycled metal as a raw material, compared to
iron  ore  mined  from  natural  resources,  will  positively  contribute  to  worldwide  long-term  demand  for  recycled  ferrous  metal.  Further,  we  believe
decarbonization efforts by companies, industries, and governments around the world, including investments in low carbon technologies that are more metal
intensive  and  minimize  carbon  dioxide  emissions  from  the  use  of  fossil  fuels,  among  other  factors,  support  global  long-term  demand  for  recycled
nonferrous metal such as aluminum and copper.

Segment Reporting

Prior to the first quarter of fiscal 2021, our internal organizational and reporting structure included two operating and reportable segments: the Auto and
Metals Recycling (“AMR”) business and the Cascade Steel and Scrap (“CSS”) business. In the first quarter of fiscal 2021, in accordance with our plan
announced in April 2020, we completed the transition to a new internal organizational and reporting structure reflecting a functionally-based, integrated
model (“One Schnitzer”), supporting a single segment. We consolidated our operations, sales, services, and other functional capabilities at an enterprise
level reflecting enhanced focus by management on optimizing our vertically integrated value chain. This change in structure has resulted in a more agile
organization and solidified achievement of recent productivity improvements and cost efficiency initiatives. We began reporting on this new single-segment
structure in the first quarter of fiscal 2021.

Revenue-Generating Activities

We acquire, process, and recycle end-of-life (salvaged) vehicles, rail cars, home appliances, industrial machinery, manufacturing scrap, and construction
and demolition scrap through our facilities. Our retail self-service auto parts stores located across the United States (“U.S.”) and Western Canada, which
operate under the commercial brand-name Pick-n-Pull, procure the significant majority of our salvaged vehicles and sell serviceable used auto parts from
these vehicles. Upon acquiring a salvaged vehicle, we remove catalytic converters, aluminum wheels, and batteries for separate processing and sale prior to
placing the vehicle in our retail lot. After retail customers have removed desired parts from a vehicle, we may remove remaining major component parts
containing  ferrous  and  nonferrous  metals,  which  are  primarily  sold  to  wholesalers.  The  remaining  auto  bodies  are  crushed  and  shipped  to  our  metals
recycling facilities to be shredded or sold to third parties where geographically more economical. At our metals recycling facilities, we process mixed and
large pieces of scrap metal into smaller pieces by crushing, torching, shearing, shredding, separating, and sorting, resulting in recycled ferrous, nonferrous,
and  mixed  metal  pieces  of  a  size,  density,  and  metal  content  required  by  customers  to  meet  their  production  needs.  Each  of  our  shredding,  nonferrous
processing, and separation systems is designed to optimize the recovery of valuable recycled metal.

2 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

We  operate  seven  deepwater  port  locations,  six  of  which  are  equipped  with  large-scale  shredders.  Our  largest  port  facilities  in  Everett,  Massachusetts;
Portland,  Oregon;  Oakland,  California;  and  Tacoma,  Washington  each  operate  a  mega-shredder  with  7,000  to  9,000  horsepower.  Our  port  facilities  in
Salinas, Puerto Rico, and Kapolei, Hawaii operate shredders with 1,500 and 4,000 horsepower, respectively. Our port facility in Providence, Rhode Island
does not operate a shredder, but exports recycled ferrous metal acquired in the regional market. Our shredders are designed to provide a denser product and,
in  conjunction  with  advanced  separation  equipment,  a  more  refined  form  of  recycled  ferrous  metal  which  can  be  used  efficiently  by  steel  mills  in  the
production of new steel. The shredding process reduces auto bodies and other scrap metal into fist-size pieces of shredded recycled metal. The shredded
material  is  then  carried  by  conveyor  under  magnetized  drums  that  attract  the  ferrous  metal  and  separate  it  from  the  mixed  nonferrous  metal  and  other
residue,  resulting  in  a  consistent  and  high-quality  shredded  ferrous  product.  The  mixed  nonferrous  metal  and  residue  then  pass  through  a  series  of
additional  mechanical  systems  designed  to  recover  and  separate  the  nonferrous  metal  from  the  residue.  The  remaining  mixed  nonferrous  metal  is  then
further sorted by product and size grade before being sold as joint products, which include mainly zorba (primarily aluminum), zurik (primarily stainless
steel), and shredded insulated wire (primarily copper and aluminum). We sell further separated products with higher metal content such as  twitch  (light
gauge  recycled  aluminum)  and  shredded  copper  and  brass.  We  also  purchase  nonferrous  metal  directly  from  industrial  vendors  and  other  suppliers  and
aggregate and prepare this metal for shipment to customers by ship, rail, or truck.

We invest in nonferrous metal extraction and separation technologies in order to maximize the recoverability of valuable nonferrous metal and to meet the
metal purity requirements of customers. We have a major strategic initiative currently underway and partially complete to replace, upgrade and add to our
existing nonferrous metal recovery technologies that is expected to increase metal recovery yields, provide for additional product optionality, create higher
quality  furnace-ready  products,  and  reduce  the  metallic  portion  of  shredder  residue  disposed  in  landfills.  The  rollout  of  these  new  technologies  is
anticipated to be completed in fiscal 2022, with total capital expenditures estimated to be $115 million, of which $77 million has been incurred, including
$36 million during fiscal 2021.

In addition to the sale of recycled metal processed at our facilities, we also provide a variety of recycling and related services including brokering the sale
of ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal generated by industrial entities and demolition projects to customers in the domestic market, among other services.

Our steel mill melt shop includes an EAF, a ladle refining furnace with enhanced steel chemistry refining capabilities, and a five-strand continuous billet
caster,  permitting  the  mill  to  produce  special  alloy  grades  of  steel  not  currently  produced  by  other  mills  on  the  West  Coast  of  the  U.S.  The  substantial
majority  of  billets  produced  are  reheated  in  a  natural  gas-fueled  furnace  and  are  then  hot-rolled  through  the  rolling  mill  to  produce  finished  steel  long
products.  The  rolling mill has an effective  annual  production  capacity  under  current  conditions  of  approximately  580  thousand  tons  of  finished  steel
products.

Products and Services

Recycled ferrous metal is a key feedstock used in the production of finished steel and is largely categorized into heavy melting steel (“HMS”), plate and
structural  (“bonus”),  and  shredded  scrap  (“shred”),  although  there  are  various  grades  of  each  category  depending  on  metal  content  and  the  size  and
consistency of individual pieces. These attributes affect the product’s relative value.

Our  nonferrous  products  include  mixed  metal  joint  products  recovered  from  the  shredding  process,  as  well  as  aluminum,  copper,  stainless  steel,  nickel,
brass,  titanium,  lead,  and  high  temperature  alloys.  We  also  sell  catalytic  converters  to  specialty  processors  that  extract  the  nonferrous  precious  metals
including platinum, palladium and rhodium.

We provide recycling and related services involving scrap metal and other recyclable materials to a range of customers, including large retailers, industrial
manufacturers, original equipment manufacturers and owners of end-of-life railcars. These services include primarily scrap brokerage, certified destruction,
automotive parts recycling, railcar dismantling, and reverse logistics.

Each retail self-service auto parts store offers an extensive selection of vehicles (including domestic and foreign cars, vans, and light trucks) from which
customers  can  remove  and  purchase  parts.  We  employ  proprietary  information  technology  systems  to  centrally  manage  and  operate  the  geographically
diverse network of auto parts stores, and we regularly rotate the inventory to provide customers with greater access to parts. Our used auto parts inventory
is  also  searchable  on  our  Pick-n-Pull  public  website.  We  enter  into  limited  duration  contracts  with  public  entities  and  other  third  parties  for  vehicle
dismantling and asset recovery services, which provide a source of low-cost salvage vehicles.

3 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
Table of Contents

SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Our steel mill  produces  semi-finished  goods  (billets)  and  finished  goods,  consisting  of  rebar,  coiled  rebar,  wire  rod,  merchant  bar,  and  other  specialty
products, using recycled ferrous metal sourced internally from our recycling and joint venture operations and other raw materials. Semi-finished goods are
predominantly  used  for  the  manufacturing of  finished  products.  Rebar  is  produced  in  either  straight  length  steel  bars  or  coils  and  used  to  increase  the
strength of poured concrete. Coiled rebar is preferred by some manufacturers because it reduces the waste generated by cutting individual lengths to meet
customer  specifications  and,  therefore,  improves  yield.  Wire  rod  is  steel  rod,  delivered  in  coiled  form,  used  by  manufacturers  to  produce  a  variety  of
products such as chain link fencing, nails, wire, stucco netting, and pre-stressed concrete strand. Merchant bar consists of rounds and square steel bars used
by manufacturers to produce a wide variety of products, including bolts, threaded bars, and dowel bars. Our steel mill is also an approved supplier of high-
quality rebar to support nuclear power plant construction and has a license to produce certain patented high-strength specialty steels.

Active Facilities

Tabular presentation of our active facilities by geographic region is as follows:

Northwest
(WA, OR, MT)
Southwest and Hawaii
(CA, NV, UT, HI)
Midwest and South
(AR, IL, IN, OH, MO, KS, TX)
Northeast
(MA, ME, NH, RI)
Southeast and Puerto Rico
(GA, AL, TN, FL, VA, KY, MS, PR)
Western Canada
(BC, AB)

Total

Auto Parts
Stores

Metals
Recycling
Facilities(1)

Total Recycling
Facilities

Large-Scale
Shredders(2)

Deepwater
Ports

Steel
Facilities(3)

7

22

13

2

2

4
50

8

7

—

9

24

4
52

15

29

13

11

26

8
102

2

2

—

1

1

—
6

2

2

—

2

1

—
7

1

1

—

—

—

—
2

(1)

Excludes joint venture facilities. Includes eight metals recycling facilities located in the Southeast which we acquired on October 1, 2021. See “Acquisition of Columbus Recycling” below
in this Item 1 for further detail.

(2) All large-scale shredding operations employ nonferrous extraction and separation equipment.
(3)

Includes one steel mill in Oregon and one distribution center in California.

Pricing

Domestic  and  foreign  prices  for  recycled  ferrous  and  nonferrous  metal  are  generally  based  on  prevailing  market  rates,  which  differ  by  region,  and  are
subject to market cycles that are influenced by worldwide demand from steel and other metal producers, the availability of materials that can be processed
into  saleable  recycled  metal,  and  regulatory policies,  among  other  factors.  Sanctions,  trade  actions,  and  licensing  and  inspection  requirements  can  also
impact pricing for the affected products. Recycled ferrous and nonferrous metal sales contracts generally provide for shipment within 30 to 60 days after
the price is agreed to which, in most cases, includes freight.

We respond to changes in selling prices for processed metal by seeking to adjust purchase prices for unprocessed scrap metal in order to manage the impact
on  our  operating  income.  The  spread  between  selling  prices  and  the  cost  of  purchased  scrap  metal  (metal  spread)  is  subject  to  a  number  of  factors,
including  differences  in  the  market  conditions  between  the  domestic  regions  where  scrap  metal  is  acquired  and  the  areas  in  the  world  to  which  the
processed metals are sold, market volatility from the time the selling price is agreed upon with the customer until the time the scrap metal is purchased, and
changes  in  transportation  costs.  We  generally  benefit  from  sustained  periods  of  stable  or  rising  recycled  metal  selling  prices,  which  allow  us  to  better
maintain or increase both operating income and unprocessed scrap metal flow into our facilities. When recycled metal selling prices decline, either sharply
or for a sustained period, our operating margins typically compress.

The  sales  prices  for  auto  parts  from  salvaged  vehicles  are  deeply  discounted  from  prevailing  national  new  and  refurbished  sales  prices  offered  at  full-
service auto dismantlers, retail auto parts stores, and car dealerships. Our stores provide a list price, available at each location and online. Prices for auto
bodies  sold  to  third  parties  and  for  major  component  parts,  such  as  engines,  transmissions,  and  alternators  sold  to  wholesalers,  are  based  on  prevailing
recycled metal market rates which differ by region and are subject to market cycles. Prices for catalytic converters sold to third-party processors are based
on prevailing market rates for the extracted precious metals including platinum, palladium, and rhodium. By consolidating shipments of auto bodies and
component parts, we are able to optimize prices by focusing on larger wholesale customers that pay a premium for volume and consistency of shipments.

4 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
     
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Our finished steel product prices differ by product size and grade. Selling prices are influenced by the price of raw materials, including the cost of recycled
ferrous  metal  and  required  consumables  including  graphite  electrodes  and  alloys,  as  well  as  regional  demand  in  the  West  Coast  and  Western  Canadian
markets. Selling prices for our finished steel products may also be affected by the price and availability of steel imports.

Customers and Markets

Approximately 95% of our consolidated revenues are derived from sales of recycled ferrous and nonferrous metal products and finished steel products. We
sell  our  recycled  ferrous  and  nonferrous  metal  products  globally  to  steel  mills,  foundries,  refineries,  smelters,  wholesalers,  and  other  recycled  metal
processors. Our finished steel customers are primarily steel service centers, construction industry subcontractors, steel fabricators, wire drawers, and major
farm and wood products suppliers. We had no external customers that accounted for 10% or more of our consolidated revenues in fiscal 2021, 2020, or
2019.

Recycled Ferrous Metal

The table below sets forth, on a revenue and volume basis, the amount of recycled ferrous metal sold to foreign and domestic customers, during the last
three fiscal years ended August 31:

($ in thousands)
Ferrous revenues
Domestic
Foreign
Total ferrous revenues

Ferrous volumes (LT, in thousands)(1)

Domestic(2)
Foreign
Total ferrous volumes (LT, in thousands)(3)

For the Year Ended August 31,
2020

2021

% Increase (Decrease)

2019

  2021 vs. 2020  

  2020 vs. 2019  

  $

  $

289,742    $

1,268,149   
1,557,891    $

167,060    $
695,430   
862,490    $

288,641   
876,078   
1,164,719   

1,500   
2,908   
4,408   

1,429   
2,525   
3,954   

1,699   
2,621   
4,319   

73% 
82% 
81% 

5% 
15% 
11% 

(42)%
(21)%
(26)%

(16)%
(4)%
(8)%

Ferrous volumes sold externally and delivered to our steel mill for finished steel production.

LT = Long Ton, which is equivalent to 2,240 pounds.
(1)
(2) Domestic includes volumes delivered to our steel mill for finished steel production.
(3) May not foot due to rounding.

We export recycled ferrous metal primarily to countries in Asia, the Mediterranean region, and North, Central, and South America. Ferrous exports made
up 66%, 64%, and 61% of our total ferrous volumes in fiscal 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. In fiscal 2021, the three countries from which we derived
our  largest  ferrous  export  revenues  from  external  customers  were  Bangladesh,  Turkey,  and  Vietnam  which  collectively  accounted  for  63%  of  our  total
ferrous export revenues. In fiscal 2020 and 2019, the three countries from which we derived our largest ferrous export revenues from external customers
accounted  for  69%  and  64%,  respectively,  of  our  total  ferrous  export  revenues.  We  generally  attribute  revenues  from  external  customers  to  individual
countries based on the country in which the customer is located. Our three largest external recycled ferrous metal customers accounted for 25% of total
ferrous revenues in fiscal 2021, compared to 32% and 29% in fiscal 2020 and 2019, respectively.

5 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Recycled Nonferrous Metal

The table below sets forth, on a revenue and volume basis, the amount of recycled nonferrous metal sold to foreign and domestic customers during the last
three fiscal years ended August 31:

($ in thousands)
Nonferrous revenues

Domestic
Foreign
Total nonferrous revenues

Nonferrous volumes (pounds, in thousands)(1)

Domestic
Foreign
Total nonferrous volumes (pounds, in thousands)(2)

(1) All nonferrous volumes sold externally.
(2) May not foot due to rounding.

For the Year Ended August 31,

% Increase (Decrease)

2021

2020

2019

  2021 vs. 2020  

  2020 vs. 2019  

  $

  $

367,744    $
317,118   
684,862    $

195,880    $
194,418   
390,298    $

219,126   
374,252   
593,378   

194,554   
356,012   
550,566   

216,992   
251,031   
468,023   

262,024   
405,310   
667,334   

88% 
63% 
75% 

13% 
5% 
8% 

(10)%
(23)%
(17)%

(26)%
(12)%
(17)%

Nonferrous  exports  made  up  63%,  65%,  and  61%  of  our  total  nonferrous  sales  volumes  in  fiscal  2021,  2020,  and  2019,  respectively.  The  substantial
majority of our nonferrous joint products recovered from the shredding process are sold to the export market currently and made up 44%, 47%, and 43% of
our  total  nonferrous  sales  volumes  in  fiscal  2021,  2020,  and  2019,  respectively.  In  fiscal  2021,  the  three  countries  from  which  we  derived  our  largest
nonferrous export revenues from external customers were India, Malaysia, and China which collectively accounted for 69% of our total nonferrous export
revenues. In fiscal 2020 and 2019, the three countries from which we derived our largest nonferrous export revenues from external customers accounted for
58% and 68%, respectively, of our total nonferrous export revenues.

Finished Steel Products

The table below sets forth, on a revenue and volume basis, the amount of finished steel products sold during the last three fiscal years ended August 31:

($ in thousands)
Steel revenues(1)
Finished steel sales volumes (ST, in thousands)

For the Year Ended August 31,

% Increase (Decrease)

2021

2020

2019

  2021 vs. 2020  

  2020 vs. 2019  

  $

379,203    $
488   

336,980    $
505   

367,956   
478   

13%  
(3)% 

(8)%
6%

ST = Short Ton, which is equivalent to 2,000 pounds.
(1)

Steel revenues include predominantly sales of finished steel products, in addition to sales of semi-finished goods (billets) and steel manufacturing scrap.

We sell finished steel products to customers located primarily in the Western United States and Western Canada. Customers in California accounted for
52%, 55%, and 54% of our steel revenues in fiscal 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

Distribution

We deliver recycled ferrous and nonferrous metal to foreign customers by ship and to domestic customers by barge, rail, and road transportation networks.
Cost  efficiencies  are  achieved  by  operating  deepwater  terminal  facilities  in  Everett,  Massachusetts;  Portland,  Oregon;  Oakland,  California;  Tacoma,
Washington; and Providence, Rhode Island, all of which are owned, except for the Providence, Rhode Island facility which is operated under a long-term
lease.  We  also  have  access  to  deepwater  terminal  facilities  at  Kapolei,  Hawaii  and  Salinas,  Puerto  Rico  through  public  docks.  The  use  of  deepwater
terminals enables us to load ferrous material in large vessels capable of holding up to 50,000 tons for trans-oceanic shipments. We believe the use of our
owned and leased terminal facilities is advantageous because it allows us to more effectively manage loading costs and minimize the berthing delays often
experienced by users of unaffiliated terminals. From time to time, we may enter into contracts of affreightment, which guarantee the availability of ocean-
going vessels, in order to manage the risks associated with ship availability and freight costs.

Our nonferrous products are shipped in 20- to 30-ton capacity containers from ports and rail ramps located in close proximity to our recycling facilities.
Containerized shipments are exported by marine vessels to customers globally, and domestic shipments are typically shipped to customers by rail or by
truck.

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We sell used  auto  parts  from  our  self-service  retail  stores.  Both  before  and  after  retail  customers  have  removed  desired  parts  from  acquired  salvaged
vehicles, we extract and consolidate certain valuable ferrous and nonferrous components from auto bodies for shipment by truck primarily to wholesale
customers.  We  also  remove  and  collect  catalytic  converters  from  salvaged  vehicles  for  shipment  by  truck  to  specialty  processers  which  extract  the
nonferrous precious metals. The salvaged auto bodies are crushed and shipped by truck to our metals recycling facilities where geographically feasible, or
to third-party recyclers, for shredding.

We sell finished steel products directly from our steel mill in McMinnville, Oregon and our distribution center in City of Industry, California (Los Angeles
area). Finished steel products are shipped from the mill to the distribution center primarily by rail. The distribution center facilitates sales by maintaining an
inventory of products close to major customers for just-in-time delivery. We communicate regularly with major customers to determine their anticipated
needs and plan our rolling mill production schedule accordingly. Finished steel shipments to customers are made by common carrier, primarily truck or rail.

Sources of Unprocessed Metal

The most common forms of purchased unprocessed metal are obsolete machinery and equipment, such as automobiles, railroad cars, railroad tracks, home
appliances  and  other  consumer  goods,  scrap  metal  from  manufacturing  operations  and  retailers,  and  demolition  metal  from  buildings  and  other
infrastructure. Unprocessed metal is acquired from a diverse base of suppliers who unload at our facilities, from drop boxes at suppliers’ industrial sites,
and  through  negotiated  purchases  from  other  large  suppliers,  including  railroads,  manufacturers,  automobile  salvage  facilities,  metal  dealers,  various
government entities, and individuals. We typically seek to locate our retail auto parts stores in major population centers with convenient road access. Our
auto parts store network spans 15 states in the U.S. and two provinces in Western Canada, with a majority of the stores concentrated in regions where our
large shredders are located. Through our network of auto parts stores, we seek to obtain salvaged vehicles from five primary sources: private parties, tow
companies, charities, auto auctions, and municipal and other contracts. We have a program to purchase vehicles from private parties called “Cash for Junk
Cars” which is advertised in local markets. Private parties either call a toll-free number and receive a quote for their vehicle or obtain an instant online
quote. The private party can either deliver the vehicle to one of our retail locations or arrange for the vehicle to be picked up. We also employ car buyers
who  travel  to  vendors  and  bid  on  vehicles.  Further,  we  enter  into  limited  duration  contracts  with  public  entities  and  other  third  parties  for  vehicle
dismantling  and  asset  recovery  services,  which  provide  a  source  of  low-cost  salvage  vehicles.  The  expiration  of  such  contracts  may  lead  us  to  seek
alternative sources of vehicles, potentially at a higher cost. We also source scrap metal and other recyclable materials through our recycling services from a
range of customers including large retailers, industrial manufacturers, original equipment manufacturers, and railcar owners.

The  majority  of  our  metal  collection  and  processing  facilities  receive  unprocessed  metal  via  major  railroad  routes,  waterways,  or  highways.  Metals
recycling facilities situated near industrial manufacturing and major transportation routes have the competitive advantage of reduced freight costs because
of the significant cost of freight relative to the cost of metal. The locations of our West Coast facilities provide access to sources of unprocessed metal in
the Northern California region, northward to Western Canada and Alaska, and to the East, including Idaho, Montana, Utah, Colorado, and Nevada. The
locations of our East Coast facilities provide access to sources of unprocessed metal in New York, Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire,
Rhode Island, Vermont, Eastern Canada, and, from time to time, the Midwest. The locations of our facilities in Hawaii and Puerto Rico provide access to
sources of unprocessed metal in the respective local markets. In the Southeastern U.S., approximately half of our ferrous and nonferrous unprocessed metal
volume  is  purchased  from  industrial  companies,  including  auto  manufacturers,  with  the  remaining  volume  being  purchased  from  smaller  dealers  and
individuals. These industrial companies provide us with metals that are by-products of their manufacturing processes.

The supply of scrap metal from these various sources can fluctuate with the level of economic activity in the U.S. and can be sensitive to variability in
recycled metal prices, particularly in the short term. The supply of scrap metal can also fluctuate, to a lesser degree, due to seasonal factors, such as severe
weather conditions, which can inhibit scrap metal collections at our facilities and production levels in our facilities. Severe weather conditions can also
adversely impact the timing of shipments of our products, the level of manufacturing activity utilizing our products, and retail admissions at our auto parts
stores.

We believe we operate the only EAF steel mill in the Western U.S. that obtains substantially all its recycled metal requirements from integrated metals
recycling and joint venture operations. Our metals recycling operations provide our steel mill with a mix of recycled metal grades, which allow the mill to
achieve optimum efficiency in its melting operations.

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Energy Supply

We require electricity to run our steel manufacturing operations, primarily its EAF. We purchase electricity under a long-term contract with McMinnville
Water & Light (“MW&L”), which in turn relies on the Bonneville Power Administration. We entered into our current contract with MW&L in October
2011 that will expire in September 2028. Our steel manufacturing operations also need natural gas to operate the reheat furnace, which is used to reheat
billets prior to running them through the rolling mill. We meet this demand through a natural gas agreement with a utility provider that obligates us at each
month-end to purchase a volume of gas based on our projected needs for the immediately subsequent month on a take-or-pay basis priced using published
natural gas indices. The combined electricity and natural gas costs for our steel mill represented approximately 1% of our consolidated cost of goods sold in
each of fiscal 2021, 2020, and 2019.

Competition

We compete in the U.S. and in Western Canada for the purchase of scrap metal with large, well-financed recyclers of scrap metal, steel mills that own metal
recycling  facilities,  and  with  smaller  metals  facilities  and  dealers.  Our  auto  stores  compete  for  the  purchase  of  end-of-life  vehicles  with  other  auto
dismantlers, used car dealers, auto auctions, and metals recyclers. In general, the competitive factors impacting the purchase of scrap metal and end-of-life
vehicles are the price offered by the purchaser, the proximity of the purchaser to the source of scrap metal and end-of-life vehicles, and the purchaser’s
ability  to  efficiently  collect  the  scrap  metal  and  end-of-life  vehicles  from  certain  suppliers’  locations.  We  also  compete  with  brokers  that  buy  scrap  or
recycled metal on behalf of domestic and foreign steel mills.

Demand for our products is cyclical in nature and sensitive to general economic conditions, structural and cyclical changes in markets, and other factors.
We compete globally for the sale of processed recycled metal to finished steel and other metal product producers. The predominant competitive factors that
impact recycled metal sales are price (including duties and shipping cost), reliability of service, product quality, the relative value of the U.S. dollar, and the
availability and price of raw material alternatives, including recycled metal substitutes, such as pig iron, direct reduced iron, and hot briquetted iron (all
three  derived  from  iron  ore),  and  semi-finished  products,  such  as  steel  billets.  Our  ability  to  compete  in  certain  export  markets  may  be  impacted  by
sanctions and trade actions, such as tariffs, quotas, and other import restrictions, and by licensing and inspection requirements. Further, our ability to sell
into certain countries may be subject to product quality requirements. Such restrictions may require us to perform additional processing and packaging of
certain  recycled  nonferrous  metal  products,  as  well  as  engage  in  increased  inspection  and  certification  activities,  in  order  to  continue  selling  into  the
affected markets.

We  also  compete  for  the  sale  of  used  auto  parts  to  retail  customers  with  other  self-service  and  full-service  auto  dismantlers.  The  auto  parts  industry  is
characterized by diverse and fragmented competition and comprises a large number of aftermarket and used auto parts suppliers of all sizes, ranging from
large, multinational corporations which serve both original equipment manufacturers and the aftermarket on a worldwide basis to small, local entities which
have more limited supply. The main competitive factors impacting the retail sale of auto parts are price, availability and visibility of product, quality, and
convenience of the retail stores to customers.

Our  ability  to  process  substantial  volumes  of  recycled  metal  products,  our  use  of  advanced  processing  and  separation  equipment,  the  number  and
geographic dispersion of our locations, our access to a variety of different modes of transportation, and the operating synergies of our integrated platform
provide our business with the ability to compete successfully in varying market conditions.

Our  primary  domestic  competitors  for  the  sale  of  finished  steel  products  include  Nucor  Corporation’s  manufacturing  facilities  in  Arizona,  Utah,  and
Washington, and Commercial Metals Company’s manufacturing facility in Arizona. In addition to domestic competition, we compete with foreign steel
producers, principally located in Asia, Canada, Mexico, and Central and South America, primarily in shorter length rebar and certain wire rod grades. The
principal competitive factors in the steel market currently are price, quality, service, product availability, and the relative value of the U.S. dollar.

For more than a decade, our steel manufacturing operation, as part of a U.S. industry coalition, petitioned the U.S. Government under our international
trade laws for relief in the form of antidumping and countervailing duties against wire rod and rebar products from a number of foreign countries. Many of
those cases were successful and led to a decrease in finished steel imports into our domestic markets from the peak reached in fiscal 2016. During fiscal
2021, antidumping and countervailing duty orders were in effect related to imports of rebar and wire rod from many countries. The duties imposed as part
of these orders are periodically reassessed through the administrative review process. In addition, every five years the U.S. Government conducts sunset
reviews  to  determine  whether  revocation  of  the  orders  would  likely  lead  to  resumption  of  dumping  and  subsidization  and  negatively  impact  the  U.S.
domestic industry. Affirmative decisions allow the orders to continue for an additional five years, and all current orders have completed at least one sunset
review.

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There  are  also  a  number  of  antidumping  and  countervailing  duty  orders  in  effect  in  Canada  covering  rebar  from  many  countries  that  we  expect  will
continue to lead to a reduction in the volume of imports into Canada from these countries.

The long-term effectiveness of existing antidumping and countervailing duty orders related to imports of wire rod and rebar products is largely uncertain
and is impacted by the level and pricing of imports and the U.S. Government’s assessment of antidumping and countervailing duty margins as well as its
assessment of continued injury to the U.S. industry as part of the sunset review process.

In  March  2018,  the  United  States  imposed  tariffs  in  the  amount  of  25  percent  and  10  percent  on  imports  of  certain  steel  and  aluminum  products,
respectively. The imposition of the tariffs was the conclusion of an investigation started in April 2017 under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of
1962  that  allows  for  an  exemption  from  normal  international  trade  rules  if  imports  of  a  product  are  harming  national  security.  Currently,  imports  from
Argentina,  Australia,  Brazil,  Canada,  Mexico,  and  South  Korea  are  exempt  from  these  duties  pursuant  to  various  agreements,  including  quotas.  The
Department of Commerce also implemented an exclusion process whereby U.S. entities can request that certain products be excluded from the Section 232
tariffs.  We  review  any  exclusion  requests  relevant  to  our  product  line  to  determine  whether  an  objection  might  be  appropriate.  To  date,  the  Biden
Administration has allowed all Section 232 duties and procedures to remain in place.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”)

We continue to monitor the impact of COVID-19 on all aspects of our business. We are a company operating in a critical infrastructure industry, as defined
by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Consistent with federal guidelines and with state and local orders to date, we have continued to operate
across our footprint throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Following the onset of COVID-19 and its negative effects on our business, most prominently
reflected in our third quarter fiscal 2020 results, global economic conditions improved during fiscal 2021, resulting in increased demand for our products
and services, which led to our earnings for fiscal 2021 substantially exceeding the results for fiscal 2020.

Acquisition of Columbus Recycling

On  August  12,  2021,  we  entered  into  a  definitive  agreement  with  Columbus  Recycling,  a  leading  provider  of  recycled  ferrous  and  nonferrous  metal
products  and  recycling  services,  to  acquire  eight  metals  recycling  facilities  across  several  states  in  the  Southeast,  including  Mississippi,  Tennessee,  and
Kentucky. The transaction closed on October 1, 2021, during the first quarter of our fiscal 2022. The acquired Columbus Recycling operations purchase
and process scrap metal from industrial manufacturers, local recycling companies, and individuals, and sell the recycled products to regional foundries and
steel  mills.  Combined  with  our  twelve  existing  metals  recycling  facilities  in  Georgia,  Alabama,  and  Tennessee,  the  acquired  operations  offer  additional
recycling products, services, and logistics solutions to customers and suppliers across the Southeast, a region that is expected to see a significant increase in
EAF steelmaking capacity in the coming years. The cash purchase price was approximately $107 million, subject to adjustment for acquired net working
capital relative to an agreed-upon benchmark, as well as other adjustments. We funded the business acquisition using cash on hand and borrowings under
our existing credit facilities.

Regulatory Matters

Impact of Legislation and Regulation

Compliance  with  environmental  laws  and  regulations  is  a  significant  factor  in  our  operations.  Our  businesses  are  subject  to  extensive  local,  state,  and
federal environmental protection, health, safety, and transportation laws and regulations relating to, among others:

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Remediation under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”);

The discharge of materials and emissions into the air;

The prevention and remediation of soil and groundwater contamination;

The management, treatment and discharge of wastewater and storm water;

Climate change;

The generation, discharge, storage, handling and disposal of hazardous materials and secondary materials; and

The protection of our employees’ health and safety.

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These  environmental  laws  regulate,  among  other  things,  the  release  and  discharge  of  hazardous  materials  into  the  air,  water,  and  ground;  exposure  to
hazardous materials; and the identification, storage, treatment, handling and disposal of hazardous materials.

Concern over climate change, including the impact of global warming, has led to significant U.S. and international regulatory and legislative initiatives to
limit greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions. In 2007, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) was
authorized  to  regulate  carbon  dioxide  under  the  U.S.  Clean  Air  Act.  The  EPA  subsequently  initiated  a  series  of  regulatory  efforts  aimed  at  addressing
GHGs as pollutants, including finding that GHG emissions endanger public health, implementing mandatory GHG emission reporting requirements, and
setting carbon emission standards for light-duty vehicles.

Environmental legislation and regulations have changed rapidly in recent years, and it is likely that we will be subject to even more stringent environmental
standards in the future. Legislation has been proposed in the U.S. Congress to address GHG emissions and global climate change, including “cap and trade”
programs, and some form of federal climate change legislation or additional federal regulation is possible. A number of states, including states in which we
have operations and facilities, have considered, are considering, or have already enacted legislation or executive action to develop information or address
climate change and GHG emissions, including state-level “cap and trade” programs. Currently, we are required to annually report GHG emissions from our
steel mill to the State of Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (“ODEQ”) and the EPA, and in March 2020, the Governor of Oregon issued an
executive order directing state agencies to take certain actions to reduce and regulate GHG emissions. Pursuant to this executive order, ODEQ issued a
notice of proposed rulemaking in August 2021 that would establish a new Climate Protection Program to limit GHG emissions in the state including from
large  stationary  sources  such  as  our  steel  mill.  In  addition,  the  ODEQ  Cleaner  Air  Oregon  (“CAO”)  program  regulates  toxic  air  emissions  from
manufacturing facilities located in Oregon. The ODEQ has published a prioritization list of the facilities within the state subject to the CAO program based
on emissions inventories that facilities submitted to the ODEQ. The prioritization list established four tiers of risk groups. Our steel mill has been assigned
to the first-tier risk group and was selected into the CAO program in 2020. To comply with the CAO program rules, including as they may be revised in the
future, facilities may incur expenses to evaluate the risk to the public and may be required to incur additional operating or capital expenditures to mitigate
any significant identified risks.

Federal, state, and local regulators have increased their focus on metals recycling and auto dismantling facilities that has or could lead to new or expanding
regulatory requirements. In July 2021, the EPA issued an enforcement alert reflecting a national enforcement initiative in conjunction with state regulators
focused on Clean Air Act compliance at metal recycling facilities that operate auto and scrap metal shredders. While we believe we are an industry leader
in emission controls and have been working with state and local regulators on compliance and permitting matters, we have in the past and may in the future
be subject to enforcement actions or litigation by regulators or private parties that could result in additional penalties, compliance requirements, or capital
investments. See “Legal Proceedings” in Part I, Item 3 of this report. In addition, on October 15, 2021, the California State Department of Toxic Substance
Control (DTSC) submitted proposed emergency regulations to the Office of Administrative Law (OAL) that would require metal shredding facilities in
California, including our Oakland facility, to operate under state hazardous waste facility permits. OAL has 10 calendar days within which to review and
make a decision on the proposed emergency rulemaking. If the emergency regulations are approved, metal shredding facilities in California would have 30
days  to  file  to  obtain  “interim  status”  that,  according  to  DTSC,  is  necessary  for  facilities  to  continue  operating  through  the  permit  application  process,
which could take as long as five years. The California metal recycling industry is working with DTSC to identify an alternative regulatory framework and
permitting  regime  under  existing  law  that  could  accommodate  the  unique  aspects  of  metal  shredding  facility  operations.  Operating  under  DTSC’s
hazardous waste permitting requirements, including under interim status regulations, or under an alternative permitting structure could require substantial
additional  capital  expenditures,  impose  financial  assurance  obligations,  subject  us  to  increased  compliance  and  penalty  risks,  severely  limit  operational
flexibility and increase operating costs, or adversely impact our ability to acquire or sell materials at our California facilities.

The Biden Administration and state and local regulators are also emphasizing efforts to strengthen environmental compliance and enforcement, including
with  respect  to  clean-up  actions  under  superfund  and  hazardous  waste  laws,  in  overburdened  communities  that  may  be  disproportionately  impacted  by
adverse health and environmental effects. On September 10, 2021, U.S. EPA Region 9 and the California Environmental Protection Agency announced a
joint  effort  to  expand  environmental  enforcement  in  overburdened  California  communities.  These  initiatives  could  result  in  increased  enforcement,
compliance, and clean-up costs, including increased capital expenditures, at our facilities located at or near such communities.

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Although  our  objective  is  to  maintain  compliance  with  applicable  environmental  laws  and  regulations,  we  have,  in  the  past,  been  found  to  be  not  in
compliance with certain environmental laws and regulations and have incurred liabilities, expenditures, fines, and penalties associated with such violations.
In December 2000, we were notified by the EPA that we are one of the potentially responsible parties that owns or operates, or formerly owned or operated,
sites which are part of or adjacent to the Portland Harbor Superfund site. Further, we have been notified that we are or may be a potentially responsible
party at sites other than Portland Harbor currently or formerly owned or operated by us or at other sites where we may have responsibility for such costs
due to past disposal or other activities.

See  further  discussion  of  the  Portland  Harbor  Superfund  and  other  environmental-related  matters  in  Part  I,  Item  1A.  Risk  Factors  and  Note  9  -
Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report.

We  incurred  capital  expenditures  related  to  environmental  projects  of  $21  million,  $10  million,  and  $36  million  in  fiscal  2021,  2020,  and  2019,
respectively, and we expect to spend in the range of $30 million to $40 million on capital expenditures related to environmental projects in fiscal 2022.

Our steel mill has an operating permit issued under Title V of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, which governs certain air quality standards. The
permit is based on an annual production capacity of approximately 950 thousand tons. The permit was first issued in 1998 and has since been renewed
multiple times, most recently in April 2020 extending the permit through April 1, 2025.

Indirect Consequences of Future Legislation and Regulation

Future legislation or increased regulation regarding climate change and GHG emissions could impose significant costs on our business and our customers
and  suppliers,  including  increased  energy,  capital  equipment,  emissions  controls,  environmental  monitoring  and  reporting,  and  other  costs  in  order  to
comply with laws and regulations concerning and limitations imposed on climate change and GHG emissions. The potential costs of allowances, taxes,
fees, offsets, or credits that may be part of “cap and trade” programs or similar future legislative or regulatory measures are still uncertain, and the future of
these programs or measures is unknown. Any adopted future climate change and GHG laws or regulations could negatively impact our ability (and that of
our customers and suppliers) to compete with companies situated in areas not subject to or complying with such requirements. Furthermore, even without
such laws or regulations, increased awareness and any adverse publicity in the global marketplace about the GHGs emitted by companies in the metals
recycling and steel manufacturing industries could harm our reputation and reduce customer demand for our products.

GHG legislation and regulation are expected to have an effect on the future price of transportation fuels, natural gas used in the manufacturing process, and
electricity, especially electricity generated using carbon-based fuels. Since the electricity supply for our steel mill includes a significant element of hydro-
generated production which is not subject to GHG legislation and regulation, its energy costs are less likely to be impacted than those of competitors using
electricity generated by carbon-based fuels. In addition, demand for recycled metal may increase from mills with blast furnaces as they seek to maximize
the recycled metal component of raw material infeed, which requires less energy than melting iron ore.

Because the use of recycled iron and steel instead of iron ore to make new steel results in savings in the consumption of energy, virgin materials, and water
and reduces mining wastes, we believe our recycled metal products position us to be more competitive in the future for business from companies wishing to
reduce  their  carbon  footprint  and  impact  on  the  environment.  In  addition,  the  EAF  at  our  steel  mill  generates  significantly  less  GHG  emissions  than
traditional blast furnaces.

Physical Impacts of Climate Change on Our Costs and Operations

There has been public discussion that climate change may be associated with higher temperatures, lower snowpack, drier forests, rising sea levels as well as
extreme  weather  events  and  conditions  such  as  more  intense  hurricanes,  thunderstorms,  tornadoes,  wildfires,  and  snow  or  ice  storms.  Extreme  weather
conditions may increase our costs or cause damage to our facilities, and any damage resulting from extreme weather may not be fully insured. As many of
our recycling facilities are located near deepwater ports, rising sea levels may disrupt our ability to receive scrap metal, process the scrap metal through our
shredders,  and  ship  products  to  our  customers.  Periods  of  extended  adverse  weather  conditions  may  inhibit  construction  activity  utilizing  our  products,
scrap metal inflows to our recycling facilities, and retail admissions and parts sales at our auto parts stores. Potential adverse impacts from climate change,
including rising temperatures and extreme weather events and conditions, may create health and safety issues for employees operating at our facilities and
may lead to an inability to maintain standard operating hours.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Human Capital Resources

Employees

We hire employees from across the United States, Puerto Rico, and Canada and have employees residing in all states, territories, and provinces in which we
operate. We aim to offer a competitive compensation package and suite of benefits that align our employees with the interests of our strategic long-term
growth  and  our  customers,  communities,  and  shareholders.  As  of  August  31,  2021,  we  had  3,167  full-time  employees,  691  of  whom  were  covered  by
collective bargaining agreements. Of our full-time employees as of August 31, 2021, approximately 93% resided in the United States.

Engagement

We  believe  employee  engagement  contributes  significantly  to  our  operational  performance,  achievement  of  our  strategic  goals,  and  the  growth  and
development  of  our  employees.  Our  leaders  sponsor  and,  in  many  cases,  lead  employee  engagement  initiatives  focusing  on  diversity,  equity,  inclusion,
volunteering,  community  involvement,  and  job  satisfaction.  For  example,  our  numerous  Employee  Resource  Groups  aim  to  broaden  awareness  of  the
diverse  characteristics  of  our  workforce  and  others,  and  we  often  survey  our  employees  to  gain  feedback  about  our  culture,  employee  experience,  and
leadership behaviors. In fiscal 2021, we became a certified Great Place to Work®. Achieving this prominent designation followed an all-employee Trust
Index Survey process which had requested the views and beliefs of our employees.

Health & Safety

Safety  is  one  of  our  core  values.  Our  approach  to  safety  is  proactive  and  focuses  on  active  leadership,  risk  and  hazard  identification,  training,  frequent
checks  of  high-risk  processes,  and  other  monitoring  activities.  Creating  a  positive  health  and  safety  culture  takes  time  and  visible  leadership  that
demonstrate care and concern for the health and safety of our employees.

We regularly track and evaluate numerous leading indicators, which are proactive, preventive, and predictive measures that provide information about the
effective performance of our health and safety systems and processes, and which allow us to take preventive action to address failures or hazards before
they turn into an incident. Leading indicators that we use in connection with our health and safety programs include among others employee training and
attendance, workplace inspections, corrective action closure rates, hazard response time analysis, and frequency and quality of layered safety observations
conducted at all levels of the organization.

We also track health and safety performance using industry-standard metrics including but not limited to the following:

•

•

•

Total Case Incident Rate (“TCIR”)

Days Away, Restricted, or Transferred (“DART”) Rate

Lost Time Incident Rate (“LTIR”)

We  work  continuously  to  improve  all  aspects  of  our  health  and  safety  performance.  Our  safety  strategy  emphasizes  prevention  of  serious  injuries  and
fatalities, works toward achievement of zero injuries, and empowers employees to cultivate personal safety leadership. With zero injuries as our ultimate
aspiration,  we  are  working  toward  a  near-term  goal  of  a  1.00  TCIR  by  the  end  of  fiscal  2025  (one  recordable  injury  per  200,000  working  hours). We
recorded the lowest TCIR in our history in fiscal 2021. We attribute our continued improved performance to the work we have done over the past several
years to engage leaders and front-line employees in  proactively  preventing  workplace  injuries  and  illnesses  through  training,  education,  and  monitoring
programs, in identifying and addressing the root causes of health and safety incidents, and in optimizing overall health and safety performance.

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Our TCIR, DART Rate and LTIR for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 are as follows:

COVID-19 cases for which contact tracing could not identify a source of exposure outside of work are included in OHSA reporting in accordance with OHSA reporting requirements using a
designated special code for the nature of the illness. These cases are excluded from the TCIR and LTIR metrics shown above.

COVID-19

We implemented and managed a wide range of controls and other protective measures at our sites to detect and prevent the transmission of COVID-19. A
key  control  established  as  part  of  our  COVID-19  response  is  monitoring  employee  health.  We  utilize  an  independent  24-hour  telemedicine  service  that
allows any employee who exhibits COVID-like symptoms, who has been exposed to a confirmed COVID-19 case, or who tests positive for COVID-19, to
be connected with a licensed medical professional who will perform an assessment, offer direction for quarantining as appropriate and access to testing
facilities, and establish a connection to healthcare providers. We provide six hours of paid time for our employees to receive the vaccination and booster. In
addition, we cover time away for any complications arising from being vaccinated or the booster.

Throughout the COVID-19 health crisis, we compensated employees who tested positive at their regular rate of pay while also retaining health and welfare
benefits during their recovery, and until returning to their work schedule. At our facilities, we have instituted a range of safety practices and COVID-19
prevention  controls,  such  as  temperature  screening,  symptom  checks,  wearing  face  coverings,  hygiene  and  sanitation  procedures,  social  and  physical
distancing,  installing  touchless  equipment,  and  other  physical  contact  reduction  processes.  We  have  also  supported  work-from-home  when  feasible.  To
monitor the effectiveness of these controls, our Health and Safety team created a protocol for auditing facilities on their performance against our COVID-
19  controls.  The  results  of  these  audits  are  reported  to  senior  leadership  and  used  to  make  any  necessary  performance  improvements.  Regular  and
transparent employee communication also has been critical to our response, including weekly messages of support to help keep safe behaviors top of mind.

Ethics

Our  employees,  both  union  and  non-union,  participate  in  annual  training  on  our  Company’s  Core  Values,  which  includes  instruction  on  our  Code  of
Conduct and ethical behavior. The training includes important topics such as reporting misconduct, prohibition against retaliation, unconscious bias, and
diversity, equity, and inclusion. We empower employees to raise issues and concerns regarding compliance with our Code of Conduct, Company policies,
and the law by offering multiple reporting channels, including a third-party, confidential, multi-lingual misconduct hotline where employees may choose to
remain anonymous. We investigate all reports. In addition to our Code of Conduct and related training, we have a comprehensive Anticorruption Program,
inclusive of an overarching Anticorruption Policy available to all employees that details prohibitions against bribery, money laundering, and engaging with
terrorists or other sanctioned entities, as well as internal controls, a third-party vetting and monitoring system, and employee engagement and training.

For the seventh consecutive year, we were named one of the 2021 World’s Most Ethical Companies by the Ethisphere Institute. This award is given to
companies that foster a culture of ethics and transparency at every level of the company by demonstrating leadership across five key categories: ethics and
compliance  programs;  environmental  and  societal  impacts;  culture  of  ethics;  governance;  and  leadership  and  reputation.  Through  the  annual  process  of
applying for this award and analyzing our scores across all categories, we gain significant insight into current best practices and can plan and implement
improvements to our Company-wide communications, training programs, and other initiatives.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Executive Officers of the Company

The executive officers of the Company are elected each year at the organizational meeting of the Board of Directors, which follows the annual meeting of
the shareholders, and at other Board of Directors meetings, as appropriate. Each of the executive officers has been employed by the Company for more than
five years.

At October 21, 2021, the executive officers of the Company were as follows:

Name
Tamara L. Lundgren
Richard D. Peach
Michael R. Henderson
Steven G. Heiskell
Peter B. Saba
Erich D. Wilson
Stefano R. Gaggini

Age
64
58
62
52
60
53
50

  Office
  Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer(1)
  Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Strategy Officer(2)
  Senior Vice President and President, Operations(3)
  Senior Vice President and President, Recycling Products & Services(4)
  Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary(5)
  Senior Vice President, Chief Human Resources Officer and Chief of Corporate Operations(6)
  Vice President, Deputy Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer(7)

(1) Ms. Lundgren was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer in December 2008 and was appointed Chairman of the Board of Directors in March 2020.
(2) Mr. Peach was appointed Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in December 2007. Mr. Peach also served as Chief of Corporate Operations from September 2016 until March

2020 and was appointed Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Strategy Officer in March 2020.

(3) Mr. Henderson served as Senior Vice President and Co-President of the Auto and Metals Recycling business from April 2015 until March 2020, and also served as Co-President of the

Cascade Steel and Scrap business from June 2017 until March 2020. Mr. Henderson was appointed Senior Vice President and President, Operations in March 2020.

(4) Mr. Heiskell served as Senior Vice President and Co-President of the Auto and Metals Recycling business from April 2015 until March 2020. Mr. Heiskell was appointed Senior Vice

President and President, Recycling Products & Services in March 2020.

(5) Mr. Saba was appointed Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary in July 2015.
(6) Mr. Wilson served as Director, Human Resource Operations from August 2015 until March 2020. Mr. Wilson was appointed Senior Vice President, Chief Human Resources Officer and

Chief of Corporate Operations in March 2020.

(7) Mr. Gaggini served as Vice President, Corporate Controller and Principal Accounting Officer from December 2013 until September 2018. Since September 2018, Mr. Gaggini has served as

Vice President, Deputy Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer.

Available Information

Our Internet website address is www.schnitzersteel.com. We make available on our website, free of charge, under the caption “Investors – SEC Filings” our
annual  report  on  Form  10-K,  quarterly  reports  on  Form  10-Q,  current  reports  on  Form  8-K,  and  amendments  to  those  reports  as  soon  as  reasonably
practicable after electronically filing with or furnishing such materials to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) pursuant to Sections 13(a) or
15(d)  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934.  Also  available  on  our  website  are  our  definitive  Proxy  Statements  and  ownership  reports  pursuant  to
Section 16(a) of the Securities Act of 1933. Copies of these filings may also be obtained from the SEC’s website (www.sec.gov).

We may use our website as a channel for distributing material Company information. Financial and other material information regarding our Company is
routinely posted on and accessible at www.schnitzersteel.com/investors.aspx. You may register your e-mail under the caption “Investors – E-mail Alerts”
to receive e-mail notifications of new company information.

The content of our website is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Described below are risks, which are categorized as “Risk Factors Relating to Our Business,” “Risk Factors Relating to the Regulatory Environment,” and
“Risk Factors Relating to Our Employees,” that could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows or
could  cause  actual  results  to  differ  materially  from  the  results  contemplated  by  the  forward-looking  statements  contained  in  this  Annual  Report.  See
“Forward-Looking  Statements”  that  precedes  Part  I  of  this  report.  Additional  risks  and  uncertainties  that  we  are  unaware  of  or  that  we  currently  deem
immaterial may in the future have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows.

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Risk Factors Relating to Our Business

The  coronavirus  disease  2019  (COVID-19)  pandemic  has  had,  and  may  continue  to  have,  an  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  results  of  operations,
financial condition, and cash flows. Future epidemics or other public health emergencies could have similar effects.

Our operations expose us to risks associated with pandemics, epidemics or other public health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 outbreak which the
World  Health  Organization  characterized  as  a  pandemic  in  March  2020.  The  outbreak  has  resulted  in  governments  around  the  world  implementing
measures with various levels of stringency to help control the spread of the virus as well as vaccination programs to build levels of immunity among the
population. In addition, governments and central banks globally have enacted fiscal and monetary stimulus measures to counteract the impacts of COVID-
19.  We  are  a  company  operating  in  a  critical  infrastructure  industry,  as  defined  by  the  U.S.  Department  of  Homeland  Security.  Consistent  with  federal
guidelines and with state and local orders to date, we have continued to operate across our footprint throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Beginning in our
second quarter of fiscal 2021, there has been a trend in many parts of the world of increasing availability and administration of vaccines against COVID-19,
as  well  as  an  easing  of  restrictions  on  individual,  business,  and  government  activities.  The  easing  of  restrictions  and  the  existence  of  variant  strains  of
COVID-19 has and may lead to a further rise in infections, which could result in the reinstatement of some of the restrictions previously in place and the
implementation of new restrictions and mandates. There are also ongoing global impacts resulting directly or indirectly from the pandemic, including labor
shortages, logistical challenges such as increased port congestion, and increases in costs for certain goods and services. While the ongoing effects of the
COVID-19  pandemic  could  negatively  impact  our  results  of  operations,  cash  flows,  and  financial  position,  the  current  level  of  uncertainty  over  the
economic and operational impacts of COVID-19 means the related financial impact cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.

Equipment upgrades, equipment failures, and facility damage may lead to production curtailments or shutdowns

Our business operations and recycling and manufacturing processes depend on critical pieces of equipment, including information technology equipment,
shredders, nonferrous sorting technology, furnaces, and a rolling mill, which may be out of service occasionally for scheduled upgrades or maintenance or
as a result of unanticipated failures or events. Our facilities are subject to equipment failures and the risk of catastrophic loss due to unanticipated events
such  as  mechanical  failures,  fires,  earthquakes,  accidents,  or  violent  weather  conditions.  For  instance,  although  the  impact  on  our  operations  was  not
significant, certain facilities in California, Oregon, and Washington were briefly closed in September 2020 due to poor air quality as a result of wildfires.
Additionally, in May 2021, we experienced a fire at our Cascade Steel Rolling Mills in McMinnville, Oregon. Direct physical loss or damage to property
from the incident was limited to the mill’s melt shop, with no bodily injuries and no physical loss or damage to other buildings or equipment. While we
carry  insurance  that  we  anticipate  will  cover  repair  and  replacement  of  property  that  experienced  physical  loss  or  damage  and  business  income  losses
resulting from the fire at the mill, as discussed in Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,
our insurance coverage is subject to deductibles, and various conditions, exclusions, and limits. Moreover, our insurance coverage may be unavailable or
insufficient to protect us against losses in the case of future events. In addition, insurance may not continue to be available in the future on acceptable terms
or  at  acceptable  costs.  Interruptions  in  our  processing  and  production  capabilities  and  shutdowns  resulting  from  unanticipated  events  also  could  disrupt
customer and supplier relationships and could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Potential costs related to the environmental cleanup of Portland Harbor may be material to our financial position and liquidity

In December 2000, we were notified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) under the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”) that we are one of the potentially responsible parties (“PRPs”) that owns or operates or formerly owned or
operated sites which are part of or adjacent to the Portland Harbor Superfund site (the “Site”).

The precise nature and extent of cleanup of any specific areas within the Site, the parties to be involved, the timing of any specific remedial action and the
allocation  of  the  costs  for  any  cleanup  among  responsible  parties  have  not  yet  been  determined.  The  process  of  site  investigation,  remedy  selection,
identification of additional PRPs, and allocation of costs has been underway for a number of years, but significant uncertainties remain. It is unclear to what
extent we will be liable for environmental costs or third-party contribution or damage claims with respect to the Site.

From 2000 to 2017, the EPA oversaw a remedial investigation/feasibility study (“RI/FS”) at the Site. We were not among the parties that performed the
RI/FS, but we contributed to the costs through an interim settlement with the performing parties. The performing parties have indicated that they incurred
more than $155 million in that effort.

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In January 2017, the EPA issued a Record of Decision (“ROD”) that identified the selected remedy for the Site. The EPA has estimated the total cost of the
selected  remedy  at  $1.7  billion  with  a  net  present  value  cost  of  $1.05  billion  (at  a  7%  discount  rate)  and  an  estimated  construction  period  of  13  years
following  completion  of  the  remedial  designs.  In  the  ROD,  the  EPA  stated  that  the  cost  estimate  is  an  order-of-magnitude  engineering  estimate  that  is
expected to be within +50% to -30% of the actual project cost and that changes in the cost elements are likely to occur as a result of new information and
data collected during the engineering design. We have identified a number of concerns regarding the remedy described in the ROD, which is based on data
that is more than 15 years old, and the EPA’s estimates for the costs and time required to implement the selected remedy. Moreover, the ROD provided only
Site-wide cost estimates and did not provide sufficient detail to estimate costs for specific sediment management areas within the Site. In addition, the ROD
did not determine or allocate the responsibility for remediation costs among the PRPs.

In the ROD, the EPA acknowledged that much of the data was more than a decade old at that time and would need to be updated with a new round of
“baseline”  sampling  to  be  conducted  prior  to  the  remedial  design  phase.  The  remedial  design  phase  is  an  engineering  phase  during  which  additional
technical information and data are collected, identified, and incorporated into technical drawings and specifications developed for the subsequent remedial
action. Following issuance of the ROD, the EPA proposed that the PRPs, or a subgroup of PRPs, perform the additional investigative work in advance of
remedial design.

In December 2017, we and three other PRPs entered into an Administrative Settlement Agreement and Order on Consent with the EPA to perform such
pre-remedial  design  investigation  and  baseline  sampling  over  a  two-year  period.  The  report  analyzing  the  results  concluded  that  Site  conditions  have
improved substantially since the data forming the basis of the ROD was collected. The EPA found with a few limited corrections that the data is of suitable
quality and stated that such data will be used, in addition to existing and forthcoming design-level data, to inform implementation of the ROD. However,
the EPA did not agree that the data or the analysis warranted a change to the remedy at this time and reaffirmed its commitment to proceed with remedial
design. We and other PRPs disagree with the EPA’s position on use of the more recent data and will continue to pursue limited, but critical, changes to the
selected remedy for the Site during the remedial design phase.

The EPA encouraged PRPs to step forward (individually or in groups) to enter into consent agreements to perform remedial design in various project areas
covering the entire Site. While certain PRPs executed consent agreements for remedial design work, because of the EPA’s refusal to date to modify the
remedy to reflect the most current data on Site conditions and because of concerns with the terms of the consent agreement, we elected not to enter into a
consent agreement. In April 2020, the EPA issued a unilateral administrative order (“UAO”) to us and MMGL, LLC (“MMGL”), an unaffiliated company,
for the remedial design work in a portion of the Site designated as the River Mile 3.5 East Project Area. As required by the UAO, we notified the EPA of
our  intent  to  comply  while  reserving  all  of  our  sufficient  cause  defenses.  Failure  to  comply  with  a  UAO,  without  sufficient  cause,  could  subject  us  to
significant  penalties  or  treble  damages.  Pursuant  to  the  optimized  remedial  design  timeline  set  forth  in  the  UAO,  the  EPA’s  expected  schedule  for
completion of the remedial design work is four years. The EPA has estimated the cost of the work at approximately $4 million. We have agreed with the
other respondent to the UAO, MMGL, that we will lead the performance and be responsible for a portion of the costs of the work for remedial design under
the UAO and also entered into an agreement with another PRP pursuant to which such other PRP has agreed to fund a portion of the costs of such work.
These agreements are not an allocation of liability or claims associated with the Site as between the respondents or with respect to any third party. We
estimated that our share of the costs of performing such work under the UAO would be approximately $3 million, which we recorded to environmental
liabilities and selling, general, and administrative expense in the consolidated financial statements in the third quarter of fiscal 2020. We have insurance
policies pursuant to which we are being reimbursed for the costs we have incurred for remedial design. In the second quarter of fiscal 2021, we recorded an
insurance  receivable  and  a  related  insurance  recovery  to  selling,  general,  and  administrative  expense  for  approximately  $3  million.  We  also  expect  to
pursue in the future allocation or contribution from other PRPs for a portion of such remedial design costs. In February 2021, the EPA announced that 100
percent of the Site’s areas requiring active cleanup are in the remedial design phase of the process.

Except for certain early action projects in which we are not involved, remediation activities at the Site are not expected to commence for a number of years.
Moreover, those activities are expected to be sequenced, and the order and timing of such sequencing has not been determined. In addition, as noted above,
the ROD does not determine the allocation of costs among PRPs.

We have joined with approximately 100 other PRPs, including the RI/FS performing parties, in a voluntary process to establish an allocation of costs at the
Site,  including  the  costs  incurred  in  the  RI/FS,  ongoing  remedial  design  costs,  and  future  remedial  action  costs.  We  expect  the  next  major  stage  of  the
allocation process to proceed in parallel with the remedial design process.

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In addition to the remedial action process overseen by the EPA, the Portland Harbor Natural Resource Trustee Council (“Trustee Council”) is assessing
natural  resource  damages  at  the  Site.  In  2008,  the  Trustee  Council  invited  us  and  other  PRPs  to  participate  in  funding  and  implementing  the  Natural
Resource Injury Assessment for the Site. We and other participating PRPs ultimately agreed to fund the first two phases of the three-phase assessment,
which included the development of the Natural Resource Damage Assessment Plan (“AP”) and implementation of the AP to develop information sufficient
to  facilitate  early  settlements  between  the  Trustee  Council  and  Phase  2  participants  and  the  identification  of  restoration  projects  to  be  funded  by  the
settlements. In late May 2018, the Trustee Council published notice of its intent to proceed with Phase 3, which will involve the full implementation of the
AP and the final injury and damage determination. We are proceeding with the process established by the Trustee Council regarding early settlements under
Phase 2. We have established an environmental reserve of approximately $2.3 million for this alleged natural resource damages liability as we continue to
work with the Trustee Council to finalize an early settlement. We have insurance policies that we believe will provide reimbursement for costs related to
this matter. As of August 31, 2021, we had an insurance receivable in the same amount as the environmental reserve.

On January 30, 2017, one of the Trustees, the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation, which withdrew from the council in 2009, filed a suit
against approximately 30 parties, including us, seeking reimbursement of certain past and future response costs in connection with remedial action at the
Site and recovery of assessment costs related to natural resources damages from releases at and from the Site to the Multnomah Channel and the Lower
Columbia River. The parties filed various motions to dismiss or stay this suit, and in August 2019, the court issued an order denying the motions to dismiss
and staying the action. We intend to defend against the claims in this suit and do not have sufficient information to determine the likelihood of a loss in this
matter or to estimate the amount of damages being sought or the amount of such damages that could be allocated to us.

Our  environmental  liabilities  as  of  August  31,  2021  and  2020  included  $6  million  and  $4  million,  respectively,  relating  to  the  Portland  Harbor  matters
described above.

Because the final remedial actions have not yet been designed and there has not been a determination of the allocation among the PRPs of costs of the
investigations or remedial action costs, we believe it is not possible to reasonably estimate the amount or range of costs which we are likely to or which it is
reasonably possible that we will incur in connection with the Site, although such costs could be material to our financial position, results of operations, cash
flows, and liquidity. Among the facts being evaluated are detailed information on the history of ownership of and the nature of the uses of and activities and
operations performed on each property within the Site, which are factors that will play a substantial role in determining the allocation of investigation and
remedy costs among the PRPs.

We have insurance policies that we believe will provide reimbursement for costs we incur for defense, remedial design, remedial action, and mitigation for
or settlement of natural resource damages claims in connection with the Site. Most of these policies jointly insure us and MMGL, as the successor to a
former subsidiary. We and MMGL have negotiated the settlement with certain insurers of claims against us related to the Site, continue to seek settlements
with other insurers, and formed a Qualified Settlement Fund (“QSF”) which became operative in fiscal 2020 to hold such settlement amounts until funds
are needed to pay or reimburse costs incurred by us and MMGL in connection with the Site. These insurance policies and the funds in the QSF may not
cover all of the costs which we may incur.

The  Oregon  Department  of  Environmental  Quality  is  separately  providing  oversight  of  our  investigations  and  source  control  activities  at  various  sites
adjacent to Portland Harbor that are focused on controlling any current “uplands” releases of contaminants into the Willamette River. No liabilities have
been established in connection with these investigations beyond the costs of investigation and design, which costs have not been material to date, because
the extent of contamination, required source control work, and our responsibility for the contamination and source control work, in each case if any, have
not  yet  been  determined.  In  addition,  pursuant  to  our  insurance  policies,  we  are  being  reimbursed  for  the  costs  we  incur  for  required  source  control
evaluation and remediation work.

Significant cash outflows in the future related to the Site could reduce the amount of our borrowing capacity that could otherwise be used for investment in
capital  expenditures,  dividends,  share  repurchases,  and  acquisitions.  Any  material  liabilities  incurred  in  the  future  related  to  the  Site  could  result  in  our
failure  to  maintain  compliance  with  certain  covenants  in  our  debt  agreements.  See  “Contingencies  –  Environmental”  in  Note  9  -  Commitments  and
Contingencies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report.

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We operate in industries that are cyclical and sensitive to general economic conditions, which could have a material adverse effect on our operating
results, financial condition, and cash flows

Demand  for  most  of  our  products  is  cyclical  in  nature  and  sensitive  to  general  economic  conditions.  The  timing  and  magnitude  of  the  cycles  in  the
industries in which our products are used, including global steel manufacturing and nonresidential and infrastructure construction in the U.S., are difficult
to predict. The cyclical nature of our operations tends to reflect and be amplified by changes in economic conditions, both domestically and internationally,
the effects of inflation, and foreign currency exchange fluctuations. Economic downturns or a prolonged period of slow growth in the U.S. and foreign
markets or any of the industries in which we operate could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows.

Changing  conditions  in  global  markets  including  the  impact  of  sanctions  and  tariffs,  quotas,  and  other  trade  actions  and  import  restrictions  may
adversely affect our operating results, financial condition, and cash flows

We generate a substantial portion of our revenues from sales to customers located outside the U.S., including countries in Asia, the Mediterranean region,
and North, Central, and South America. In each of the last three years, exports comprised approximately 61 to 66 percent of our ferrous sales volumes and
61 to 65 percent of our nonferrous sales volumes. Our ability to sell our products profitably, or at all, into international markets is subject to a number of
risks  including  adverse  impacts  of  political,  economic,  military,  terrorist,  or  major  pandemic  events;  labor  and  social  issues;  legal  and  regulatory
requirements  or  limitations  imposed  by  foreign  governments  including  quotas,  tariffs,  or  other  protectionist  trade  barriers,  sanctions,  adverse  tax  law
changes, nationalization, currency restrictions, or import restrictions for certain types of products we export; and disruptions or delays in shipments caused
by customs compliance or other actions of government agencies. The occurrence of such events and conditions may adversely affect our operating results,
financial condition, and cash flows.

For example, in fiscal 2017, regulators in China began implementing the National Sword initiative involving inspections of Chinese industrial enterprises,
including recyclers, in order to identify rules violations with respect to discharge of pollutants or illegally transferred scrap imports. Restrictions resulting
from the National Sword initiative include a ban on certain imported recycled products, lower contamination limits for permitted recycled materials, and
more  comprehensive  pre-  and  post-shipment  inspection  requirements.  Disruptions  in  pre-inspection  certifications  and  stringent  inspection  procedures  at
certain Chinese destination ports have limited access to these destinations and resulted in the renegotiation or cancellation of certain nonferrous customer
contracts in connection with the redirection of such shipments to alternate destinations. Commencing July 1, 2019, China imposed further restrictions in the
form  of  import  license  requirements  and  quotas  on  certain  scrap  products,  including  certain  nonferrous  products  we  sell.  Chinese  import  licenses  and
quotas are issued to Chinese scrap consumers on a quarterly basis for the importation of scrap products. Since the implementation of this program, the size
of import quotas has been steadily reduced on a quarter-over-quarter basis. We have continued to sell our recycled metal products into China; however,
additional or modified license requirements and quotas, as well as additional product quality requirements, may be issued in the future. We believe that the
potential impact on our recycling operations of the Chinese regulatory actions described above could include requirements that would necessitate additional
processing and packaging of certain recycled nonferrous metal products, increased inspection and certification activities with respect to exports to China, or
a change in the use of our sales channels in the event of delays in the issuance of licenses, restrictive quotas, or an outright ban on certain or all of our
recycled metals products by China. As regulatory developments progress, we may need to make further investments in nonferrous processing equipment
beyond existing planned investments where economically justified, incur additional costs in order to comply with new inspection requirements, or seek
alternative markets for the impacted products, which may result in lower sales prices or higher costs and may adversely impact our business or results of
operations.

In March 2018, the U.S. imposed a 25 percent tariff on certain imported steel products and a 10 percent tariff on certain imported aluminum products under
Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. Currently, imports from Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Mexico, and South Korea are exempt from
these duties pursuant to various agreements, including quotas. These tariffs, along with other U.S. trade actions, have triggered retaliatory actions by certain
affected countries, and other foreign governments have initiated or are considering imposing trade measures on other U.S. goods. For example, China has
imposed a series of retaliatory tariffs on certain U.S. products, including a 25 percent tariff on all grades of U.S. scrap and an additional 25 percent tariff on
U.S. aluminum scrap. These tariffs and other trade actions could result in a decrease in international steel demand and negatively impact demand for our
products, which would adversely impact our business. Given the uncertainty regarding the scope and duration of these trade actions by the U.S. or other
countries, the impact of the trade actions on our operations or results remains uncertain, but this impact could be material.

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Changes in the availability or price of inputs such as raw materials and end-of-life vehicles could reduce our sales

Our businesses require certain materials that are sourced from third-party suppliers. Although the synergies from our integrated operations allow us to be
our own source for some raw materials, particularly with respect to recycled metal for our steel manufacturing operations, we rely on other suppliers for
most of our raw material and other input needs, including inputs to steel production such as graphite electrodes, alloys, and other required consumables.
Industry supply conditions generally involve risks, including the possibility of shortages of raw materials, increases in raw material and other input costs,
and reduced control over delivery schedules. We procure our scrap inventory from numerous sources. These suppliers generally are not bound by long-term
contracts and have no obligation to sell scrap metal to us. In periods of declining or lower recycled metal prices suppliers may elect to hold scrap metal to
wait for higher prices or intentionally slow their metal collection activities, tightening supply. If a substantial number of suppliers cease selling scrap metal
to us, we will be unable to recycle metal at desired levels, and our results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. For
instance, in the third quarter of fiscal 2020, a lower price environment for recycled metals in combination with economic and other restrictions on suppliers
relating  to  COVID-19  severely  constricted  the  supply  of  scrap  metal  including  end-of-life  vehicles,  which  resulted  in  significantly  reduced  processed
volumes.  A  slowdown  of  industrial  production  in  the  U.S.  may  also  reduce  the  supply  of  industrial  grades  of  metal  to  the  metals  recycling  industry,
resulting in less recyclable metal available to process and market. Increased competition for domestic scrap metal, including as a result of overcapacity in
the  metal  recycling  industry  in  the  U.S.  and  Canada,  may  also  reduce  the  supply  of  scrap  metal  available  to  us.  Failure  to  obtain  a  steady  supply  of
recyclable material could both adversely impact our ability to meet sales commitments and reduce our operating margins. Failure to obtain an adequate
supply of end-of-life vehicles, including due to increasing trends over time in the proportion of electric vehicles sold to total vehicles sold, the pace of and
the auto recycling industry response to which are uncertain, could adversely impact our ability to attract customers and charge admission fees and reduce
our parts sales. Failure to obtain raw materials and other inputs to steel production, such as graphite electrodes, alloys, and other required consumables,
could adversely impact our ability to make steel to the specifications of our customers.

Significant decreases in recycled metal prices may adversely impact our operating results

The timing and magnitude of the cycles in the industries in which we operate are difficult to predict and are influenced by different economic conditions in
the domestic market, where we typically acquire our raw materials, and foreign markets, where we typically sell the majority of our products. Purchase
prices for scrap metal including end-of-life vehicles and selling prices for recycled metal are subject to market forces beyond our control. While we attempt
to respond to changing recycled metal selling prices through adjustments to our metal purchase prices, our ability to do so is limited by competitive and
other market factors. As a result, we may not be able to reduce our metal purchase prices to fully offset a sharp reduction in recycled metal sales prices,
which may adversely impact our operating income and cash flows. In addition, a rapid decrease in selling prices may compress our operating margins due
to the impact of average inventory cost accounting, which causes cost of goods sold recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations to decrease at
a  slower  rate  than  metal  purchase  prices.  For  instance,  in  fiscal  2020,  weaker  market  conditions  for  recycled  metals,  including  as  a  result  of  the  sharp
decline in global economic conditions during the third quarter of fiscal 2020 in large part due to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, and structural
changes  to  the  market  for  certain  recycled  nonferrous  products  primarily  from  Chinese  import  restrictions  and  tariffs,  resulted  in  periods  of  sharply
declining  commodity  prices  and  lower  average  net  selling  prices  for  our  recycled  ferrous  and  nonferrous  metal  products  compared  to  fiscal  2019.  As  a
result, operating margins in fiscal 2020 compressed as the decline in average net selling prices for our recycled metal products outpaced the reduction in
purchase costs for raw materials.

Imbalances in supply and demand conditions in the global steel industry may reduce demand for our products

Economic expansions and contractions in global economies can result in supply and demand imbalances in the global steel industry that can significantly
affect  the  price  of  commodities  used  and  sold  by  our  business,  as  well  as  the  price  of  and  demand  for  finished  steel  products.  In  a  number  of  foreign
countries, such as China, steel producers are generally government-owned and may therefore make production decisions based on political or other factors
that  do  not  reflect  free  market  conditions.  In  the  past,  overcapacity  and  excess  steel  production  in  these  foreign  countries  resulted  in  the  export  of
aggressively  priced  semi-finished  and  finished  steel  products.  This  led  to  disruptions  in  steel-making  operations  within  other  countries,  negatively
impacting demand for our recycled metal products used by EAF mills globally as their primary feedstock. Further, the import of foreign steel products into
the U.S. at similarly aggressive prices have in the past adversely impacted finished steel sales prices and sales volumes. Existing or new trade laws and
regulations may cause or be inadequate to prevent disadvantageous trade practices, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition
and  results  of  operations.  Although  trade  regulations  restrict  or  impose  duties  on  the  importation  of  certain  products,  if  foreign  steel  production
significantly exceeds consumption in those countries, global demand for our recycled metal products could decline and imports of steel products into the
U.S. could increase, resulting in lower volumes and selling prices for our recycled metal products and finished steel products.

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Acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses may result in operating difficulties and other unintended consequences

We have made and may continue to make acquisitions of or expand into complementary businesses to enable us to expand our customer and supplier base
and grow our revenues. Execution of any past or potential future acquisition or expansion involves several risks, including:

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•

•

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Difficulty integrating the acquired businesses’ personnel and operations;

Challenges in obtaining permits or meeting other regulatory requirements;

Potential loss of key employees, customers, or suppliers of the acquired business;

Difficulties in realizing anticipated cost savings, efficiencies, and synergies;

Unexpected costs;

Inaccurate assessment of or undisclosed liabilities;

Inability to maintain uniform standards, controls, and procedures;

Disruption to existing businesses; and

Difficulty in managing growth.

If  we  do  not  successfully  execute  on  acquisitions  or  expansions  and  the  acquired  or  expanded  businesses  do  not  perform  as  projected,  our  financial
condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Supply  chain  disruptions  affecting  our  customers,  end  users  of  our  recycled  products,  or  our  suppliers  could  adversely  impact  the  demand  for  our
products or the availability of inputs, increase our costs, or otherwise adversely impact our business

Supply chain disruptions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and related labor shortages and logistics constraints have and could continue to impact our
customers, end users of our recycled products, and our suppliers and adversely impact our business. Direct and indirect impacts on our business of such
supply chain disruptions could include reduction in the demand for and price of certain of our products, slowdown in flows of scrap metal from certain
supply  channels,  and  reduced  availability  or  increases  in  costs  of  other  inputs,  consumables,  supplies,  and  capital  equipment.  Disruptions  within  our
logistics or supply chain network could adversely affect our ability to produce or deliver our products in a timely manner, which could impair our ability to
meet customer demand for products and result in reduced volumes and sales, increased supply chain costs, or damage to our reputation. Such disruptions in
the  future  may  result  from  a  number  of  factors  beyond  our  control.  Supply  chain  disruptions  due  to  any  of  those  factors  could  negatively  impact  our
financial performance or financial condition.

Reliance on third-party shipping companies may restrict our ability to ship our products

We significantly rely on third parties to handle and transport raw materials to our production facilities and products to customers. Despite our practice of
utilizing  a  diversified  group  of  suppliers  of  transportation,  factors  beyond  our  control,  including  changes  in  fuel  prices,  political  events,  governmental
regulation  of  transportation,  changes  in  market  rates,  carrier  availability,  carrier  bankruptcy,  labor  shortages,  shipping  industry  consolidation,  and
disruptions  in  transportation  routes  and  infrastructure,  may  adversely  impact  our  ability  to  ship  our  products  and  our  operating  margins.  These  impacts
could  include  delays  or  other  disruptions  in  shipments  in  transit,  including  as  a  result  of  congested  seaports  and  travel  routes,  or  third-party  shipping
companies increasing their charges for transportation services or otherwise reducing or eliminating the availability of their containers, vehicles, rail cars,
barges, or ships. For example, during fiscal 2021, worldwide demand for logistical services increased sharply, which led to a global shortage of available
shipping containers, congested seaports, and higher freight rates, impacting the timing of certain shipments and resulting in reductions in sales volumes of
certain products. The delays in container shipping for U.S. exports have been exacerbated by the backlog of containerized imports at U.S. seaports and the
March 2021 disruption in transit through the Suez Canal. While we aim to pass on the majority of shipping and related charges to our customers, there can
be no assurance that we will be able to do so into the future. As a result, we may not be able to transport our products in a timely and cost-effective manner,
which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations and may harm our reputation.

Goodwill impairment charges may adversely affect our operating results

Goodwill  represents  the  excess  purchase  price  over  the  net  amount  of  identifiable  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  in  a  business  combination
measured  at  fair  value.  As  of  August  31,  2021,  we  had  $170  million  of  goodwill  on  our  balance  sheet.  We  test  the  goodwill  balances  allocated  to  our
reporting units for impairment on an annual basis and when events occur or circumstances change that indicate that the fair value of one or more of our
reporting units with allocated goodwill may be below its carrying amount. When testing goodwill for impairment, we may be required to measure the fair
value of the reporting units in order to determine the amount of impairment, if

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any.  Fair  value  determinations  require  considerable  judgment  and  are  sensitive  to  inherent  uncertainties  and  changes  in  estimates  and  assumptions
regarding  revenue  growth  rates,  operating  margins,  capital  expenditures,  working  capital  requirements,  discount  rates,  tax  rates,  terminal  growth  rates,
benefits associated with a taxable transaction, and synergistic benefits available to market participants. A lack of recovery or further deterioration in market
conditions, a trend of weaker than anticipated financial performance for one of our reporting units with allocated goodwill, a decline in our share price for a
sustained period of time, or an increase in the market-based weighted average cost of capital, among other factors, are indicators that the carrying value of
our goodwill may not be recoverable. We may be required to record a goodwill impairment charge that, if incurred, could have a material adverse effect on
our  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations.  See  Note  7  -  Goodwill  and  Other  Intangible  Assets,  net  in  the  Notes  to  the  Consolidated  Financial
Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report.

Impairment of long-lived assets and equity investments may adversely affect our operating results

Our long-lived asset groups are subject to an impairment assessment when certain triggering events or circumstances indicate that their carrying value may
be impaired. If the carrying value exceeds our estimate of future undiscounted cash flows of the operations related to the asset group, an impairment is
recorded for the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the asset group. The results of these tests for potential impairment may be
adversely affected by unfavorable market conditions, our financial performance trends, or an increase in interest rates, among other factors. If, as a result of
the impairment test, we determine that the fair value of any of our long-lived asset groups is less than its carrying amount, we may incur an impairment
charge that could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. We recorded impairment charges of $6 million on
long-lived  tangible  and  lease  right-of-use  assets  associated  with  certain  regional  metals  recycling  operations  and  auto  parts  stores  in  fiscal  2020. With
respect to our investments in unconsolidated entities accounted for under the equity method, a loss in value of an investment is recognized when the decline
is  other  than  temporary.  With  respect  to  our  $6  million  equity  investment  in  a  privately-held  waste  and  recycling  entity  that  does  not  have  a  readily
determinable fair value, we would recognize an impairment charge if our qualitative assessment indicates that the investment is impaired and the fair value
of the investment is less than its carrying value. Impairment of our equity investments could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. See
Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report for further detail
on long-lived asset and joint venture investment impairment charges.

Failure to realize or delays in realizing expected benefits from investments in processing and manufacturing technology improvements may impact our
operating results and cash flows

We  make  significant  investments  in  processing  and  manufacturing  technology  improvements  aimed  at  increasing  the  efficiency  and  capabilities  of  our
businesses  and  to  maximize  our  economies  of  scale.  Such  improvements  may  be  subject  to  many  factors  including,  but  not  limited  to,  permitting,
construction,  equipment  delivery,  commissioning,  and  technology  performance  risks,  some  of  which  are  outside  our  control  and  could  result  in  further
delays  in  such  projects  or  require  us  to  incur  additional  costs.  The  COVID-19  pandemic  has  contributed  to  some  delays  in  construction  activities  and
equipment deliveries related to our capital projects, and to the time required to obtain permits from government agencies, resulting in the deferral of certain
capital expenditures. Given the continually evolving nature of the COVID-19 pandemic and other factors impacting the timing of project completion, the
extent  to  which  forecasted  capital  expenditures  could  be  deferred  is  uncertain.  Failure  to  realize  or  delays  in  realizing  the  anticipated  benefits  and  to
generate adequate returns on such capital improvement projects may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows.

Inability to achieve or sustain the benefits from productivity, cost savings, and restructuring initiatives may adversely impact our operating results

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During  the  past  several  years,  we  implemented  a  number  of  productivity  improvement,  cost  savings,  and  restructuring  initiatives  designed  to  reduce
operating expenses and improve profitability and to achieve further integration and synergistic cost efficiencies in our operating platform. These initiatives
included idling underutilized assets and closing facilities to more closely align our business to market conditions, implementing productivity initiatives to
increase  production  efficiency  and  material  recovery,  and  further  reducing  our  annual  operating  expenses  through  headcount  reductions,  reducing
organizational layers, consolidating shared service functions, savings from procurement activities, streamlining of administrative and supporting services
functions, and other non-headcount measures. In fiscal 2019, we implemented productivity initiatives targeted to achieve $35 million in annual benefits
through a combination of production cost efficiencies, reductions in selling, general, and administrative expenses, and increases in retail sales. In  fiscal
2020, we implemented productivity initiatives targeted to achieve $20 million in realized benefits in fiscal 2020 by further reducing our annual operating
expenses, mainly through reductions in non-trade procurement spend, including outside and professional services, lower employee-related expenses,  and
other non-headcount measures. We may undertake similar or additional productivity initiatives in the future in the normal course or in response to market
conditions.  Our  ability  to  achieve  or  sustain  the  anticipated  cost  reductions  and  other  benefits  from  these  initiatives  within  the  expected  time  frame  is
subject  to  many  estimates  and  assumptions.  These  estimates  and  assumptions  are  subject  to  significant  economic,  competitive,  and  other  uncertainties,
some of which are beyond our control. We incurred restructuring charges and other exit-related activities as a result of these initiatives and may incur such
charges in the future. Failure to achieve or sustain the expected cost reductions and other benefits related to these productivity improvements, cost savings,
and restructuring initiatives could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows.

We may be unable to renew facility leases, thus restricting our ability to operate

We lease a significant portion of our facilities, including the substantial majority of our auto parts facilities. The cost to renew such leases may increase
significantly,  and  we  may  not  be  able  to  renew  such  leases  on  commercially  reasonable  terms  or  at  all.  Failure  to  renew  these  leases  or  find  suitable
alternative locations for our facilities may impact our ability to continue operations within certain geographic areas, which could have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

Changing economic conditions may result in customers not fulfilling their contractual obligations

We enter into export ferrous sales contracts preceded by negotiations that include fixing price, quantity, shipping terms, and other contractual terms. Upon
finalization  of  these  terms  and  satisfactory  completion  of  other  contractual  contingencies,  the  customer  typically  opens  a  letter  of  credit  to  satisfy  its
payment obligation under the contract prior to our shipment of the cargo. In times of changing economic conditions, including during periods of sharply
falling recycled metal prices, there is an increased risk that customers may not be willing or able to fulfill their contractual obligations or open letters of
credit. As of August 31, 2021 and 2020, 30% and 40%, respectively, of our accounts receivable balance were covered by letters of credit.

Increases in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to other currencies may reduce the demand for our products

A  significant  portion  of  our  recycled  metal  revenues  is  generated  from  sales  to  foreign  customers,  which  are  denominated  in  U.S.  dollars,  including
customers  located  in  Asia,  the  Mediterranean  region  and  North,  Central,  and  South  America.  A  strengthening  U.S.  dollar  makes  our  products  more
expensive  for  non-U.S.  customers,  which  may  negatively  impact  export  sales.  A  strengthening  U.S.  dollar  also  makes  imported  metal  products  less
expensive, which may result in an increase in imports of steel products into the U.S. As a result, our finished steel products, which are made in the U.S.,
may become more expensive for our U.S. customers relative to imported steel products thereby reducing demand for our products.

We are exposed to translation risks associated with fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates

Our operations in Canada expose us to translation risks associated with fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates as compared to the U.S. dollar, our
reporting currency. As a result, we are subject to foreign currency exchange risks due to exchange rate movements in connection with the translation of the
operating costs and the assets and liabilities of our foreign operations into our functional currency for inclusion in our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Potential limitations on our ability to access capital resources may restrict our ability to operate

Our  operations  are  capital  intensive.  Our  business  also  requires  substantial  expenditures  for  routine  maintenance.  While  we  expect  that  our  cash
requirements,  including  the  funding  of  capital  expenditures,  debt  service,  dividends,  share  repurchases,  and  investments,  will  be  financed  by  internally
generated funds or from borrowings under our secured committed bank credit facilities, there can be no assurance that this will be the case. Additional
acquisitions could require financing from external sources. Although we believe we have adequate access to contractually committed borrowings, we could
be adversely affected if we are not able to meet the conditions required to incur such borrowing or if our banks ceased lending or were unable to honor their
contractual  commitments.  Failure  to  access  our  credit  facilities  could  restrict  our  ability  to  fund  operations,  make  capital  expenditures,  or  execute
acquisitions.

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The agreement governing our bank credit facilities imposes certain restrictions on our business and contains financial covenants

Our secured bank credit facilities contain certain restrictions on our business which limit (subject to certain exceptions) our ability to, among other things,
incur or suffer to exist certain liens, make investments, incur or guaranty additional indebtedness, enter into consolidations, mergers, acquisitions, and sales
of assets, make distributions and other restricted payments, change the nature of our business, engage in transactions with affiliates and enter into restrictive
agreements, including agreements that restrict the ability of our subsidiaries to make distributions. These restrictions may affect our ability to operate our
business or execute our strategy and may limit our ability to take advantage of potential business opportunities as they arise. Our bank credit agreement
also requires that we maintain certain financial and other covenants, including a consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio and a consolidated leverage ratio.
Our  ability  to  comply  with  these  covenants  may  also  be  affected  by  events  beyond  our  control,  including  prevailing  economic,  financial,  and  industry
conditions. Our failure to comply with any of these restrictions or financial covenants could result in an event of default under the bank credit agreement
and permit our lenders to cease lending to us and declare all amounts borrowed from them to be due and payable, together with accrued and unpaid interest.
This could require us to refinance our bank facilities, which we may not be able to do at terms acceptable to us, or at all.

Consolidation in the steel industry may reduce demand for our products

There has been consolidation in the steel industry that has included steel mills acquiring steel fabricators to ensure demand for their products. If any of our
steel mill’s significant remaining customers were to be acquired by competing steel mills, this could reduce the demand for our products and force us to
lower our prices, reducing our revenues, or to reduce production, which could increase our unit costs and have a material adverse effect on our financial
condition and results of operations.

Product liability claims may adversely impact our operating results

We  could  inadvertently  acquire  radioactive  scrap  metal  that  could  potentially  be  included  in  recycled  mixed  metal  shipped  to  consumers  worldwide.
Although  we  have  invested  in  radiation  detection  equipment  in  the  majority  of  our  locations,  including  the  facilities  from  which  we  ship  directly  to
customers, failure to detect radioactive metal remains a possibility. Even though we maintain insurance to address the risk of this failure in detection, there
can be no assurance that the insurance coverage would be adequate or will continue to be available on acceptable terms. In addition, if we fail to meet
contractual requirements for a product, we may be subject to product warranty costs and claims. These costs and claims could both have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition and results of operations and harm our reputation.

We are subject to legal proceedings and legal compliance risks that may adversely impact our financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity

We  spend  substantial  resources  ensuring  that  we  comply  with  domestic  and  foreign  regulations,  contractual  obligations  and  other  legal  standards.
Notwithstanding  this,  we  are  subject  to  a  variety  of  legal  proceedings  and  compliance  risks  in  respect  of  various  matters,  including  regulatory,  safety,
environmental, employment, transportation, intellectual property, contractual, import/export, international trade, and governmental matters that arise in the
course of our business and in our industry. For example, legal proceedings can include those arising from accidents involving Company-owned vehicles,
including Company tractor trailers. In some instances, such accidents and the related litigation involve accidents that have resulted in third-party fatalities.
An outcome in an unusual or significant legal proceeding or compliance investigation in excess of insurance recoveries could adversely affect our financial
condition and results of operations. For information regarding our current significant legal proceedings and contingencies, see “Legal Proceedings” in Part
I, Item 3 and “Contingencies – Other” in Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies in Part II, Item 8 of this report.

Climate change may adversely impact our facilities and our ongoing operations

The potential physical impacts of climate change on our operations are highly uncertain and depend upon the unique geographic and environmental factors
present, for example rising sea levels at our deepwater port facilities, changing storm patterns and intensities, and changing temperature levels. As many of
our  recycling  facilities  are  located  near  deepwater  ports,  rising  sea  levels  may  disrupt  our  ability  to  receive  scrap  metal,  process  the  metal  through  our
shredders, and ship products to our customers. Extreme weather events and conditions, such as hurricanes, thunderstorms, tornadoes, wildfires, and snow or
ice storms, may increase our costs or cause damage to our facilities, and any damage resulting from extreme weather may not be fully insured. Increased
frequency and duration of adverse weather events and conditions may also inhibit construction activity utilizing our products, scrap metal inflows to our
recycling  facilities,  and  retail  admissions  and  parts  sales  at  our  auto  parts  stores.  Potential  adverse  impacts  from  climate  change,  including  rising
temperatures and extreme weather events and conditions, may create health and safety issues for employees operating at our facilities and may lead to an
inability to maintain standard operating hours.

We may not realize our deferred tax assets in the future

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

The assessment of recoverability of our deferred tax assets is based on an evaluation of existing positive and negative evidence as to whether it is more-
likely-than-not that they will be realized. If negative evidence outweighs positive evidence, a valuation allowance is required. Impairment of deferred tax
assets  may  result  from  significant  negative  industry  or  economic  trends,  a  decrease  in  earnings  performance  and  projections  of  future  taxable  income,
adverse changes in laws or regulations, and a variety of other factors. Impairment of deferred tax assets could have a material adverse impact on our results
of operations and financial condition and could result in not realizing the deferred tax assets. In the past, we have recorded significant valuation allowances
against our deferred tax assets. Deferred tax assets may require further valuation allowances if it is not more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax assets will
be realized.

In fiscal 2018, we released valuation allowances against certain U.S. federal and state and Canadian deferred tax assets resulting in recognition of discrete
tax benefits. The release of the valuation allowances was the result of sufficient positive evidence at the time, including cumulative income in recent years
and projections of future taxable income from operations, that it is more-likely-than-not that the deferred tax assets will be realized. In the event that actual
results differ from our projections or we adjust our estimates in future periods, we may need to establish a valuation allowance, which could materially
impact our financial position and results of operations.

Tax increases and changes in tax rules may adversely affect our financial results

As a company conducting business on a global basis with physical operations throughout North America, we are exposed, both directly and indirectly, to
the  effects  of  changes  in  U.S.,  state,  local,  and  foreign  tax  rules.  Taxes  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  cash  tax  liabilities  in  the  future  may  be
adversely  affected  by  changes  in  such  tax  rules.  In  many  cases,  such  changes  put  us  at  a  competitive  disadvantage  compared  to  some  of  our  major
competitors, to the extent we are unable to pass the tax costs through to our customers.

On December 22, 2017, comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”) was enacted into law. The effects of
the Tax Act have been incorporated into our financial results beginning in the second quarter of fiscal 2018. There is a risk that certain aspects of the Tax
Act could be repealed or otherwise modified or that states or foreign jurisdictions may amend their tax laws in response to the Tax Act, which could have a
material impact on our future results of operations and cash flows. Further, the Biden administration has announced in 2021 a number of tax proposals to
fund new government investments in infrastructure, healthcare, and education, among other things. Certain of these proposals involve an increase in the
domestic corporate tax rate, which if implemented could have a material impact on our future results of operations and cash flows.

One or more cybersecurity incidents may adversely impact our financial condition, results of operations, and reputation

Our operations involve the use of multiple systems, some of which are outsourced to certain third-party service and hosting providers, that process, store,
and  transmit  sensitive  information  about  our  customers,  suppliers,  employees,  financial  position,  operating  results,  and  strategies.  We  face  global
cybersecurity  risks  and  threats  on  a  continual  and  ongoing  basis,  which  include,  but  are  not  limited  to,  attempts  to  access  systems  and  information,
computer viruses, or denial-of-service attacks. These risks and threats range from uncoordinated individual attempts to sophisticated and targeted measures.
Increased  numbers  of  employees  working  remotely  increases  our  exposure  to  cyber-threats.  While  we  are  not  aware  of  any  material  cyber-attacks  or
breaches  of  our  systems  to  date,  such  attempts  occur  regularly  and,  thus,  we  have  and  continue  to  implement  measures  to  safeguard  our  systems  and
information and mitigate potential risks, including employee training around phishing, malware, and other cyber risks, but there is no assurance that such
actions will be sufficient to prevent cyber-attacks or security breaches that manipulate or improperly use our systems, compromise sensitive information,
destroy or corrupt data, or otherwise disrupt our operations. The occurrence of such events, including breaches of our security measures or those of our
third-party service providers, could negatively impact our reputation and our competitive position and could result in litigation with third parties, regulatory
action, loss of business due to disruption of operations and/or reputational damage, potential liability and increased remediation and protection costs, any of
which  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations.  Additionally,  as  cybersecurity  risks  become  more
sophisticated, we may need to increase our investments in security measures which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and
results of operations.

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Risk Factors Relating to the Regulatory Environment

Governmental agencies may refuse to grant or renew our licenses and permits, thus restricting our ability to operate

We conduct certain of our operations subject to licenses, permits, and approvals from state and local governments. Governmental agencies often resist the
establishment  of  certain  types  of  facilities  in  their  communities,  including  metal  recycling  and  auto  parts  facilities.  Changes  in  zoning  and  increased
residential and mixed-use development near our facilities are reducing the buffer zones and creating land use conflicts with heavy industrial uses such as
ours. This could result in increased complaints, increased inspections and enforcement including fines and penalties, operating restrictions, the need for
additional capital expenditures, and increased opposition to maintaining or renewing required approvals, licenses, and permits. In addition, waste products
from  our  operations  are  subject  to  classification  and  regulations  that,  among  other  things,  determine  how  such  materials  may  be  handled,  stored,
transported, and disposed. Failure to obtain or maintain regulatory permits, approvals, or exemptions for such waste could materially increase our costs or
limit our operations.

In March 2021, for example, a state court in California determined that the state regulatory agency had a mandatory duty under a 2014 law to rescind the
regulatory determinations pursuant to which treated metal shredder residue from our and other metal recycling facilities in the state has been classified as
non-hazardous and safely used as alternative daily cover at landfills for over 30 years. See “Legal Proceedings” in Part I, Item 3. While the court’s decision
has been stayed and is being appealed, failure to overturn this decision on appeal or to put in place a workable alternative that will allow such material to
continue  to  qualify  as  non-hazardous  waste  or  to  identify  other  cost-effective  disposal  options  could  limit  our  operations  in  the  state  and  could  have  a
material adverse effect on our results of operations and on the metal shredding industry in California in general.

Furthermore, from time to time, both the U.S. and foreign governments impose regulations and restrictions on trade in the markets in which we operate. In
some countries, governments require us to apply for certificates or registration before allowing shipment of recycled metal to customers in those countries.
There can be no assurance that future approvals, licenses, and permits will be granted or that we will be able to maintain and renew the approvals, licenses,
and permits we currently hold. Failure to obtain these approvals could cause us to limit or discontinue operations in these locations or prevent us from
developing or acquiring new facilities, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Environmental compliance costs and potential environmental liabilities may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of
operations

Compliance with environmental laws and regulations is a significant factor in our business. We are subject to local, state, and federal environmental laws
and regulations in the U.S. and other countries relating to, among other matters:

• Waste disposal;

•

Air emissions;

• Waste water and storm water management, treatment, and discharge;

•

•

•

•

•

The use and treatment of groundwater;

Soil and groundwater contamination and remediation;

Climate change;

Generation, discharge, storage, handling, and disposal of hazardous materials and secondary materials; and

Employee health and safety.

We  are  also  required  to  obtain  environmental  permits  from  governmental  authorities  for  certain  operations.  Violation  of  or  failure  to  obtain  permits  or
comply with these laws or regulations could result in our business being fined or otherwise sanctioned by regulators or becoming subject to litigation by
private parties. In recent years, capital expenditures for environmental projects have increased and have represented a significant share of our total capital
expenditures. Future environmental compliance costs, including capital expenditures for environmental projects, may increase because of new laws and
regulations, changing interpretations and stricter enforcement of current laws and regulations by regulatory authorities, expanding emissions, groundwater
and other testing requirements, and new information on emission or contaminant levels including with respect to emerging contaminants such as per- and
polyfluoroalkyl  substances  (PFAS),  uncertainty  regarding  adequate  pollution  control  levels,  the  future  costs  of  pollution  control  technology,  and  issues
related to climate change.

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We have seen an increased focus by federal, state, and local regulators on metals recycling and auto dismantling facilities and new or expanding regulatory
requirements. In July 2021, the EPA issued an enforcement alert reflecting a national enforcement initiative in conjunction with state regulators focused on
Clean Air Act compliance at metal recycling facilities that operate auto and scrap metal shredders. While we believe we are an industry leader in emission
controls and have been working with state and local regulators on compliance and permitting matters, we have in the past and may in the future be subject
to  enforcement  actions  or  litigation  by  regulators  or  private  parties  that  could  result  in  additional  penalties,  compliance  requirements,  or  capital
investments. See “Legal Proceedings” in Part I, Item 3 of this report. In addition, on October 15, 2021, the California State Department of Toxic Substance
Control (DTSC) submitted proposed emergency regulations to the Office of Administrative Law (OAL) that would require metal shredding facilities in
California, including our Oakland facility, to operate under state hazardous waste facility permits. OAL has 10 calendar days within which to review and
make a decision on the proposed emergency rulemaking. If the emergency regulations are approved, metal shredding facilities in California would have 30
days  to  file  to  obtain  “interim status”  that,  according  to  DTSC,  is  necessary  for  facilities  to  continue  operating  through  the  permit  application  process,
which could take as long as five years. The California metal recycling industry is working with DTSC to identify an alternative regulatory framework and
permitting  regime  under  existing  law  that  could  accommodate  the  unique  aspects  of  metal  shredding  facility  operations.  Operating  under  DTSC’s
hazardous waste permitting requirements, including under interim status regulations, or under an alternative permitting structure could require substantial
additional  capital  expenditures,  impose  financial  assurance  obligations,  subject  us  to  increased  compliance  and  penalty  risks,  severely  limit  operational
flexibility and increase operating costs, or adversely impact our ability to acquire or sell materials at our California facilities which could have a material
adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

In addition, previous operations by us, predecessor entities, or others at facilities that we currently or formerly owned, operated, or otherwise used may
have caused contamination from hazardous substances. As a result, we are exposed to possible claims, including government fines and penalties, costs for
investigation  and  clean-up  activities,  claims  for  natural  resources  damages,  and  claims  by  third  parties  for  personal  injury  and  property  damage,  under
environmental laws and regulations, especially for the remediation of waterways and soil or groundwater contamination. These laws can impose liability
for the cleanup of hazardous substances even if the owner or operator was neither aware of nor responsible for the release of the hazardous substances. We
have,  in  the  past,  been  found  not  to  be  in  compliance  with  certain  of  these  laws  and  regulations,  and  have  incurred  liabilities,  expenditures,  fines,  and
penalties associated with such violations. In December 2000, we were notified by the EPA that we are one of the potentially responsible parties that owns
or operates, or formerly owned or operated, sites which are part of or adjacent to the Portland Harbor Superfund site. Further, we have been notified that we
are or may be a potentially responsible party at sites other than Portland Harbor currently or formerly owned or operated by us or at other sites where we
may have responsibility for such costs due to past disposal or other activities. Environmental compliance costs and potential environmental liabilities could
have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  financial  condition,  results  of  operations,  and  cash  flows.  See  also  the  risk  factor  “Potential  costs  related  to  the
environmental cleanup of Portland Harbor may be material to our financial position and liquidity” in this Item 1A and “Contingencies – Environmental” in
Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report.

The Biden Administration and state and local regulators are also emphasizing efforts to strengthen environmental compliance and enforcement, including
with  respect  to  clean-up  actions  under  superfund  and  hazardous  waste  laws,  in  overburdened  communities  that  may  be  disproportionately  impacted  by
adverse health and environmental effects. On September 10, 2021, U.S. EPA Region 9 and the California Environmental Protection Agency announced a
joint  effort  to  expand  environmental  enforcement  in  overburdened  California  communities.  These  initiatives  could  result  in  increased  enforcement,
compliance, and clean-up costs, including increased capital expenditures, at our facilities located at or near such communities.

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Compliance with existing and future climate change, greenhouse gas, and other air emission laws and regulations may adversely impact our operating
results

Future legislation or increased regulation regarding climate change and GHG emissions could impose significant costs on our business and our customers
and  suppliers,  including  increased  energy,  capital  equipment,  emissions  controls,  environmental  monitoring  and  reporting,  and  other  costs  in  order  to
comply with laws and regulations concerning and limitations imposed on climate change and GHG emissions. The potential costs of allowances, taxes,
fees, offsets, or credits that may be part of “cap and trade” programs or similar future legislative or regulatory measures are still uncertain and the future of
these programs or measures is unknown. For example, in March 2020, the Governor of Oregon issued an executive order directing state agencies to take
certain actions to reduce and regulate GHG emissions. Pursuant to this executive order, ODEQ issued a notice of proposed rulemaking in August 2021 that
would establish a new Climate Protection Program to limit GHG emissions in the state including from large stationary sources such as our steel mill. In
addition, the ODEQ Cleaner Air Oregon (“CAO”) program regulates toxic air emissions from manufacturing facilities located in Oregon. The ODEQ has
published a prioritization list of the facilities within the state subject to the CAO program based on emissions inventories that facilities submitted to the
ODEQ. The prioritization list established four tiers of risk groups. Our steel mill has been assigned to the first-tier risk group and was selected into the
CAO program in 2020. To comply with the CAO program rules, including as they may be revised in the future, facilities may incur expenses to evaluate
the risk to the public and may be required to incur additional operating or capital expenditures to mitigate any significant identified risks. Future climate
change and GHG laws or regulations could negatively impact our ability (and that of our customers and suppliers) to compete with companies situated in
areas not subject to such requirements. Until the timing, scope, and extent of any future laws or regulations becomes known, we cannot predict the effect on
our financial condition, operating performance, or ability to compete. Furthermore, even without such laws or regulations, increased awareness and any
adverse publicity in the global marketplace about the GHGs emitted by companies in the metals recycling and steel manufacturing industries could harm
our reputation and reduce customer demand for our products.

Risk Factors Relating to Our Employees

Labor shortages or increased labor costs may adversely affect our operating results, financial condition, and cash flows

Our employees contribute to developing and meeting our business goals and objectives, and labor is a significant component of operating our business. The
impact of labor shortages or increased labor costs because of increased competition for employees, unemployment levels and benefits, higher  employee
turnover rates, increases in the federally-mandated or state-mandated minimum wage, change in exempt and non-exempt status, or other employee benefits
costs  (including  costs  associated  with  health  insurance  coverage  or  workers’  compensation  insurance),  may  increase  our  costs  or  impede  our  ability  to
operate our facilities and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows. As a result of the tight labor
markets we experienced during fiscal 2021, we have received fewer job applicants in certain local markets, which hindered our ability to reach full staffing
levels at some of our facilities. Recruiting and retaining employees in sufficient numbers to optimally staff our facilities may result in increases in our labor
costs. Labor shortages and increased labor costs may continue to be realized as a direct or indirect result of the COVID-19 pandemic, including related
response measures implemented by governments, or due to other factors, which may adversely affect our operating results, financial condition, and cash
flows.

Reliance on employees subject to collective bargaining may restrict our ability to operate

Approximately  22%  of  our  full-time  employees  are  represented  by  unions  under  collective  bargaining  agreements,  including  substantially  all  of  the
manufacturing employees at our steel manufacturing facility. As these agreements expire, we may not be able to negotiate extensions or replacements of
such  agreements  on  acceptable  terms.  Any  failure  to  reach  an  agreement  with  one  or  more  of  our  unions  may  result  in  strikes,  lockouts,  or  other  labor
actions, including work slowdowns or stoppages, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

The underfunded status of our multiemployer pension plans may cause us to increase our contributions to the plans

As discussed in Note 12 - Employee Benefits in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report, we contribute to the
Steelworkers Western Independent Shops Pension Plan (“WISPP”), a multiemployer plan benefiting union employees of our steel mill. Because we have
no current intention of withdrawing from the WISPP, we have not recognized a withdrawal liability in our consolidated financial statements. However, if
such  a  liability  were  triggered,  it  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  results  of  operations,  financial  position,  liquidity,  and  cash  flows.  Our
contributions to the WISPP could also increase as a result of a diminished contribution base due to the insolvency or withdrawal of other employers who
currently contribute to it, the inability or failure of withdrawing employers to pay their withdrawal liabilities, or other funding deficiencies, as we would
need to fund the retirement obligations of these employers.

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In 2004, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) approved a seven-year extension of the period over which the WISPP may amortize unfunded liabilities,
conditioned upon maintenance of certain minimum funding levels. In 2014, the WISPP obtained relief from the specified funding requirements from the
IRS, which requires that the WISPP meet a minimum funded percentage on each valuation date and achieve a funded percentage of 100% as of October 1,
2029. Based on the most recent actuarial valuation for the WISPP, the funded percentage using the valuation method prescribed by the IRS satisfied the
minimum funded percentage requirement.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

Our facilities and administrative offices by division, type and location were as follows as of August 31, 2021:

Type
Administrative Offices

Auto Parts Stores

Metals Recycling(3)

Steel Mill
Steel Distribution

Location
California
New Jersey
Oregon
Rhode Island
Alberta, Canada
Arkansas
British Columbia, Canada
California(2)
Florida
Illinois
Indiana
Kansas
Missouri
Nevada
Ohio
Oregon
Rhode Island
Texas
Utah
Virginia
Washington
Alabama
British Columbia, Canada
California
Georgia
Hawaii
Maine
Massachusetts
Montana
Nevada
New Hampshire
Oregon
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
Tennessee
Washington
Oregon
California
Total Operating Facilities and Administrative Offices
Non-Operating(4)

Number of Facilities

Owned(1)

Leased

— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
— 
3 
— 
— 
1 
— 
1 
— 
— 
— 
2 
— 
— 
— 
1 
3 
— 
4  [A] [B]  
8 
1  [A] [B]  
2 
2  [A] [B]  
1 
— 
2 
4  [A] [B]  
1  [A] [B]  
1 
1 
3  [A] [B]  
1 
1 
43 
10 
53   

2   
1   
1   
1   
3   
1   
1   
16   
1   
1   
—   
1   
3   
2   
1   
2   
—   
4   
1   
1   
4   
—   
4   
—   
—   
1   
—   
1   
—   
1   
—   
—   
3   
1  [A]
— 
—   
—   
—   
58   
12   
70   

[A] Operation includes a deepwater port. Puerto Rico and Hawaii operations access deepwater ports through public docks.
[B]
(1)
(2)
(3)

Includes large-scale shredding operations.
Includes eight primarily owned facilities where an adjacent or supplementary parcel of the site is leased.
Three sites are jointly owned with minority interest partners.
Excludes eight metals recycling facilities located in the Southeast which we acquired on October 1, 2021. See “Acquisition of Columbus Recycling” above in Part I, Item 1. Business for
further detail.

(4) Non-operating sites consist of owned and leased real properties, some of which are sublet to external parties.

29 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

We consider all operating properties, both owned and leased, to be well-maintained, in good operating condition, and suitable and adequate to carry on our
business. For further discussion of our operating properties, see “Business,” and “Distribution” in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we are involved in various litigation matters that arise in the ordinary course of business involving normal and routine claims, including
environmental compliance matters. Such proceedings include, but are not limited to, proceedings relating to our status as a potentially responsible party
with  respect  to  the  Portland  Harbor  Superfund  Site  and  proceedings  relating  to  other  legacy  environmental  issues.  For  additional  information  regarding
such matters, see Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report. Except as
described  in  such  Note,  we  currently  believe  that  the  ultimate  outcome  of  these  proceedings,  individually  or  in  the  aggregate,  will  not  have  a  material
adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or business.

In  fiscal  2013,  the  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts  advised  us  of  alleged  violations  of  environmental  requirements,  including  but  not  limited  to  those
related  to  air  emissions  and  hazardous  waste  management,  at  our  operations  in  the  Commonwealth.  We  actively  engaged  in  discussions  with  the
Commonwealth's representatives, which resulted in a settlement agreement to resolve the alleged violations. A consent judgment was jointly filed with and
entered  by  the  Superior  Court  for  the  County  of  Suffolk,  Commonwealth  of  Massachusetts  on  September  24,  2015.  The  settlement  involved  a  $450
thousand  cash  payment,  an  additional  $450  thousand  in  suspended  payments  to  be  waived  upon  completion  of  a  shredder  emission  control  system  and
certain  other  specified  milestones,  and  $350  thousand  in  supplemental  environmental  projects  that  we  have  completed.  In  fiscal  2021,  the  upgraded
shredder emission control system became fully operational to design criteria, and the adjusted milestones for waiver of the suspended penalties were met.

On February 23, 2021, the California State Department of Toxic Substance Control (DTSC) issued a corrective action enforcement order with respect to
our metal recycling facility in Oakland, California that would require us to submit a current conditions report, to undertake a facilities investigation, risk
assessment,  and  corrective  measures  study,  and  to  implement  corrective  measures  selected  by  the  DTSC  based  on  those  assessments  and  studies.  We
dispute  DTSC’s  alleged  jurisdictional  basis  for  the  order,  as  well  as  the  scope  of  work  required  by  the  order,  which  we  believe  is  unwarranted  and
duplicative of ongoing assessments being conducted under the oversight of another state agency. We have filed a notice of defense that by law stays the
effectiveness of the order and are challenging the order through the DTSC administrative process.

In  addition,  the  DTSC  issued  a  similar  corrective  action  enforcement  order  on  March  18,  2021  with  respect  to  our  metal  recycling  facility  in  Fresno,
California based on inspections conducted by the DTSC in 2013. That 2013 inspection and subsequent issuance of a Summary of Violations in 2015 setting
forth  a  number  of  alleged  violations  relating  to  hazardous  waste  management  requirements  were  the  basis  for  the  enforcement  matter  brought  by  the
California Office of the Attorney General (COAG), on behalf of DTSC, that was filed in the Superior Court of the State of California, County of Fresno on
June 25, 2020 against Schnitzer Fresno, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary, which operates the facility, seeking a permanent injunction and civil penalties.
Settlement discussions of the alleged violations had resulted in a tentative agreement in April 2018 among the COAG, DTSC, and Schnitzer Fresno, Inc. to
settle  the  matter  for  $490  thousand,  of  which  $368  thousand  was  to  be  paid  as  a  civil  penalty  and  $122  thousand  was  to  be  paid  as  reimbursement  for
agency investigation and enforcement costs. However, the parties were not able to reach agreement on the injunctive terms of the settlement agreement.
While  we  plan  to  continue  to  pursue  settlement  discussions  consistent  with  the  previously  agreed  terms,  we  are  vigorously  defending  against  the
enforcement action in State court. We do not believe the resolution of this matter will be material to our financial position, results of operations, cash flows,
or liquidity. In addition, we dispute DTSC’s alleged jurisdictional basis for the March 2021 corrective action enforcement order, as well as the scope of
work required by that order. We have also filed a notice of defense in this matter that by law stays the effectiveness of the order and are challenging the
order through the DTSC administrative process.

In January 2018, the Company received a finding of violation letter from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) with respect to
alleged violations of environmental requirements stemming from refrigerant recovery management program inspections at 12 of our facilities in the New
England and Pacific Northwest regions in July 2017 and November 2017. Except with respect to a minor and now corrected non-compliance matter at one
facility, we believe that we have fully complied with the relevant regulations. Nevertheless, in December 2017 and prior to receipt of the USEPA letter, we
implemented  improvements  to  our  refrigerant  recovery  management  program  to  further  strengthen  that  program,  including  improvements  to  address
concerns raised by USEPA during the inspections. We have conferred with USEPA and the United States Department of Justice (USDOJ) regarding the
alleged violations and have reached agreement, subject to finalization of the Consent Decree including filing and approval by a Federal District Court, to
settle this matter for a civil penalty of $1.55 million, implementation of an approved enhanced refrigerant recovery management program, and execution of
a R-12 refrigerant destruction mitigation project.

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In February 2019, we received a letter sent on behalf of the District Attorneys for six counties in California notifying us of a joint investigation into the
alleged mishandling of hazardous materials and hazardous waste, including the commingling of nonhazardous and hazardous wastes, as well as alleged
water pollution violations, at various Pick-n-Pull locations within California and requesting a meeting to discuss the alleged violations. Consistent with its
commitment to compliance with environmental requirements, Pick-N-Pull has implemented additional compliance measures at all operating Pick-n-Pull
locations in the state and expects to finalize a state-wide settlement of this matter that will address the concerns raised in this joint investigation. Pick-n-Pull
has agreed to settle this matter for a civil penalty of $1.85 million, plus payments of $300,000 for supplemental environmental projects and $350,000 for
reimbursement  of  investigation  and  enforcement  costs,  and  to  comply  with  injunctive  terms  relating  to  the  facilities’  waste  management  activities.  The
settlement is subject to finalization and entry by a State court of a Final Stipulated Judgment.

In January 2020, the USEPA issued a Notice of Violation (NOV) based on its evaluation of data requested during a June 2019 inspection at one of our
facilities in Oakland, California alleging the same violation of a Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) air emissions rule that was the
subject of a Compliance and Settlement Agreement (CSA) with BAAQMD that was executed as of September 22, 2020 and also alleging violations of Title
V  Major  Source  permitting  requirements.  The  Company  maintains  that  our  timely  filing  of  a  Title  V  Major  Source  permit  application  constitutes
compliance with Title V Major Source rules and that USEPA’s Title V non-compliance allegations are erroneous. The Company has conveyed that position
to USEPA and has provided USEPA with documentation requested by USEPA confirming our position. The Company also has requested that the alleged
BAAQMD  rule  violation  be  addressed  solely  through  the  CSA  with  BAAQMD  and  that  federal  “overfiling”  is  unnecessary  and  inappropriate  in  the
circumstances.  Based  on  the  discussions  to  date,  we  do  not  believe  the  outcome  of  this  matter  will  be  material  to  our  financial  position,  results  of
operations, cash flows, or liquidity.

On September 3, 2021, the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (ODEQ) issued a Pre-Enforcement Notice (PEN) alleging that the Company’s
metal  shredder  facility  in  Portland,  Oregon  is  in  violation  of  Title  V  and  stating  that  ODEQ  had  referred  the  matter  to  USEPA  for  review  and  possible
formal enforcement. In a response letter, we identified why Title V does not apply to the Portland facility, explained that we had submitted an application to
ODEQ  in  December  2018  for  an  Air  Contaminant  Discharge  Permit  with  plant  site  emission  limits  that  would  limit  emissions  to  less  than  Title  V
thresholds, and requested that ODEQ withdraw the PEN. We also requested an opportunity to meet with ODEQ and USEPA regarding the permit delay and
the Title V matter.

On  August  5,  2020,  The  Athletics  Investment  Group  LLC  (A’s)  filed  an  action  in  the  California  Superior  Court  for  the  County  of  Alameda  against  the
DTSC as Respondent and the Company as Real Party in Interest, seeking recission of the “f letter” pursuant to which DTSC classified treated shredder
waste from the Company’s metal shredding facility in California as a “nonhazardous waste” which among other things permits its use as alternative daily
cover at municipal landfills. Pursuant to determinations under section 66260.200(f) of the state hazardous waste regulations issued in 1988 and 1989 (the “f
letters”), the DTSC determined that treated shredder waste from the Company’s facility does not pose a significant hazard to human health, safety, or the
environment. The Superior Court on April 16, 2021 issued an order and writ of mandate commanding the DTSC within 30 days to rescind the Company’s
“f letter” concluding that, under a law enacted by the legislature in 2014, the DTSC had a mandatory duty to rescind the “f letters”. The Superior Court
reached this decision despite a determination by DTSC in 2018 pursuant to the 2014 statute reconfirming that treated shredder residue does not need to be
managed as a hazardous waste in order to protect human health, safety, or the environment. The Company filed a notice of appeal, which notice has the
effect of automatically staying the order, as well as an appeal of a subsequent order of the Superior Court granting the A’s motion to lift the stay. The stay
remains in place pending the appeal of that subsequent order. The appeals are pending before the California State Court of Appeals, First Appellate District,
Division Three.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

31 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

PART II

ITEM  5.  MARKET  FOR  REGISTRANT’S  COMMON  EQUITY,  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER  MATTERS  AND  ISSUER  PURCHASES  OF
EQUITY SECURITIES

Our Class A common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“NASDAQ”) under the symbol SCHN. There were 146 holders of record of Class
A common stock on October 19, 2021. Our Class A common stock has been trading since November 16, 1993. There was one holder of record of Class B
common stock on October 19, 2021. Our Class B common stock is not publicly traded.

We declared our 110th consecutive quarterly dividend in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021. The payment of future dividends is subject to approval by our
Board of Directors and continued compliance with the terms of our credit agreement. See Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations in Part II, Item 7 of this report for further discussion of our credit agreement.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Pursuant to a share repurchase program as amended in 2001, 2006, and 2008, we were authorized to repurchase up to nine million shares of our Class A
common stock when management deems such repurchases to be appropriate. We may repurchase our common stock for a variety of reasons, such as to
optimize our capital structure and to offset dilution related to share-based compensation arrangements. We consider several factors in determining whether
to make share repurchases including, among other factors, our cash needs, the availability of funding, our future business plans, and the market price of our
stock. We did not repurchase our common stock in fiscal 2021. We repurchased approximately 53 thousand shares for a total of $0.9 million in open-market
transactions in fiscal 2020, and we repurchased approximately 527 thousand shares for a total of $13 million in open-market transactions in fiscal 2019. As
of August 31, 2021, there were approximately 706 thousand shares available for repurchase under the program.

The share repurchase program does not require us to acquire any specific number of shares, and we may suspend, extend, or terminate the program at any
time without prior notice, and the program may be executed through open-market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, or utilizing Rule 10b5-1
programs.

32 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Performance Graph

The  following  graph  and  related  information  compare  cumulative  total  shareholder  return  on  our  Class  A  common  stock  for  the  five-year  period  from
September 1, 2016 through August 31, 2021, with the cumulative total return for the same period of (i) the S&P 500 Steel Index and (ii) the S&P 600
Metals  &  Mining  Index.  These  comparisons  assume  an  investment  of  $100  at  the  commencement  of  the  five-year  period  and  that  all  dividends  are
reinvested. The stock performance outlined in the performance graph below is not necessarily indicative of our future performance, and we do not endorse
any predictions as to future stock performance.

Schnitzer Steel Industries(1)
S&P 500 Steel
S&P 600 Metals & Mining

2016

2017

  $
  $
  $

100    $
100    $
100    $

148    $
114    $
133    $

Year Ended August 31,
2018

2019

2020

2021

149    $
129    $
138    $

129    $
101    $
91    $

120    $
94    $
89    $

294 
242 
161

(1)

Because of the composition of our major product categories, we have no direct market peer issuers.

ITEM 6. [RESERVED]

33 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This section includes a discussion of our operations for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2021 and 2020. The following discussion and analysis provide
information which management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of our financial condition and results of operations. The discussion
should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related Notes thereto included in Part II, Item 8 of this report.

For discussion of our results of operations for fiscal year 2019 including comparison to fiscal 2020, refer to Part II, Item 7. Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 31, 2020.

Business

Founded in 1906, Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. is one of North America’s largest recyclers of ferrous and nonferrous metal, including end-of-life vehicles,
and a manufacturer of finished steel products. As a vertically integrated organization, we offer a range of products and services to meet global demand
through our network that includes 50 retail self-service auto parts stores, 52 metals recycling facilities, and an electric arc furnace (“EAF”) steel mill.

Prior to the first quarter of fiscal 2021, our internal organizational and reporting structure included two operating and reportable segments: the Auto and
Metals Recycling (“AMR”) business and the Cascade Steel and Scrap (“CSS”) business. In the first quarter of fiscal 2021, in accordance with our plan
announced in April 2020, we completed the transition to a new internal organizational and reporting structure reflecting a functionally-based, integrated
model (“One Schnitzer”), supporting a single segment. We consolidated our operations, sales, services, and other functional capabilities at an enterprise
level reflecting enhanced focus by management on optimizing our vertically integrated value chain. This change in structure has resulted in a more agile
organization and solidified achievement of recent productivity improvements and cost efficiency initiatives. We began reporting on this new single-segment
structure in the first quarter of fiscal 2021.

We sell recycled ferrous and nonferrous metal in both foreign and domestic markets. We also sell a range of finished steel long products produced at our
steel mill. Our results of operations depend in large part on the demand and prices for recycled metal in foreign and domestic markets and on the supply of
raw materials, including end-of-life vehicles, available to be processed at our facilities. Our results of operations also depend substantially on our operating
leverage from processing and selling higher volumes of recycled metal as well as our ability to efficiently extract ferrous and nonferrous metals from the
shredding process. We respond to changes in selling prices for processed metal by seeking to adjust purchase prices for unprocessed scrap metal in order to
manage the impact on our operating results. We believe we generally benefit from sustained periods of stable or rising recycled metal selling prices, which
allow  us  to  better  maintain  or  increase  both  operating  results  and  unprocessed  scrap  metal  flow  into  our  facilities.  When  recycled  metal  selling  prices
decline, either sharply or for a sustained period, our operating margins typically compress. With respect to finished steel products produced at our steel
mill, our results of operations are impacted by demand and prices for these products, which are sold to customers located primarily in the Western U.S. and
Western Canada.

Our quarterly operating results fluctuate based on a variety of factors including, but not limited to, changes in market conditions for recycled ferrous and
nonferrous metal and finished steel products, the supply of scrap metal in our domestic markets, and varying demand for used auto parts from our self-
service retail stores. Certain of these factors are influenced, to a degree, by the impact of seasonal changes including severe weather conditions, which can
impact the timing of shipments and inhibit construction activity utilizing our products, scrap metal collection and production levels at our facilities, and
retail admissions and parts sales at our auto parts stores. Further, sanctions, trade actions, and licensing and inspection requirements can impact the level of
profitability on sales of our products and, in certain cases, impede or restrict our ability to sell to certain export markets or require us to direct our sales to
alternative market destinations, which can cause our quarterly operating results to fluctuate.

34 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Strategic Priorities

As  we  continue  to  closely  monitor  economic  conditions,  we  remain  focused  on  the  following  core  strategies  and  plans  to  meet  our  business  goals  and
objectives:

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Long-term expansion of ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal supply and processing, sales volumes, and operating margins;

Technology investments and process improvements to increase the separation and recovery of metal materials from our shredding process and to
expand product optionality;

Development  of  new  products  and  expansion  of  recycling  services  and  capabilities  to  reach  a  broader  market,  enhance  customer  value,  and
increase operating margins;

Increase market share through initiatives to maximize volumes and through selective partnerships, alliances, and acquisitions;

Productivity  and  continuous  improvement  initiatives  to  ensure  the  safety  of  our  employees,  increase  operating  efficiency  and  effectiveness,
advance sustainable business practices, improve natural resource stewardship, and reduce operating expense;

Use  of  our  seven  deepwater  ports  and  ground-based  logistics  network  to  directly  access  customers  domestically  and  internationally  to  meet
demand for our products wherever it is greatest; and

Further  optimization  of  our  integrated  recycling  and  steel  manufacturing  operating  platforms  to  maximize  opportunities  for  synergies,  cost
efficiencies, and volumes.

Key economic factors and trends affecting the industries in which we operate

We sell recycled metals to the global steel industry for the production of finished steel. Our financial results largely depend on supply of raw materials in
the  U.S.  and  Western  Canada  and  demand  for  recycled  metal  in  foreign  and  domestic  markets  and  for  finished  steel  products  in  the  Western  U.S.  and
Western Canada. Demand for most of our products is cyclical in nature and sensitive to changes in general economic conditions. The timing and magnitude
of  the  economic  cycles  in  the  industries  in  which  our  products  are  used,  including  global  steel  manufacturing  and  nonresidential  and  infrastructure
construction in the U.S., are difficult to predict. Global economic conditions, including impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic discussed below in this section,
structural and cyclical changes in supply and demand conditions, the strength of the U.S. dollar, the availability and price of raw material alternatives, and
trade actions such as tariffs affect market prices for and sales volumes of recycled ferrous and nonferrous metal in global markets and steel products in the
Western U.S. and Western Canada and can have a significant impact on the results of operations for our reportable segments.

In fiscal 2021, market conditions for recycled metals improved globally, with selling prices for many recycled metal commodities reaching multi-year highs
during the fiscal year. Selling prices for our ferrous and nonferrous products increased significantly compared to the prior fiscal year which was negatively
impacted by the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. In fiscal 2021, the average net selling prices for our ferrous and nonferrous products increased by 61%
and 60%, respectively, compared to the prior fiscal year. The deterioration in global economic conditions that occurred in fiscal 2020 in large part due to
the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic reflected among other things the curtailment of many commercial and government-sponsored activities using steel
and other metal materials, causing metal commodity prices to decrease sharply and widespread destocking of inventories. As global economies revived and
commercial  and  investment  activities  resumed,  including  throughout  fiscal  2021,  demand  for  recycled  metals  and  finished  steel  increased  substantially,
which contributed to periods of sharp increases in market selling prices for these products. Increased focus on decarbonization strategies by governments
and businesses around the world, including investments in infrastructure and technologies that minimize carbon dioxide emissions from the use of fossil
fuels, among other factors, also contributed to strong demand for most of our products in fiscal 2021 and support global long-term demand for recycled
ferrous and nonferrous metal. In fiscal 2021, we observed a trend of increased use of recycled metals to manufacture new products, including greater use of
EAF technology for steel production which uses recycled metal as a primary raw material. Average selling prices for our finished steel products, which are
produced in our steel mill using EAF technology, increased by 17% compared to the prior fiscal year.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”)

We  continue  to  monitor  the  impact  of  COVID-19  on  all  aspects  of  our  business.  The  COVID-19  outbreak,  which  the  World  Health  Organization
characterized as a pandemic in March 2020, has resulted in governments around the world implementing measures with various levels of stringency to help
control the spread of the virus as well as vaccination programs to build levels of immunity among the population. In addition, governments and central
banks  globally  have  enacted  fiscal  and  monetary  stimulus  measures  to  counteract  the  impacts  of  COVID-19.  We  are  a  company  operating  in  a  critical
infrastructure industry, as defined by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Consistent with federal guidelines and with state and local orders to date,
we have continued to operate across our footprint throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Ensuring the health and safety of our employees, and all who visit
our sites, is our top priority, and we are following all U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and state and local health department guidelines.
Further, we implemented infection control measures at all our sites and put in place travel and in-person meeting restrictions and other physical distancing
measures. Following the onset of COVID-19 and its negative effects on our business, most prominently reflected in our third quarter fiscal 2020 results,
global  economic  conditions  improved  during  fiscal  2021,  resulting  in  increased  demand  for  our  products,  which  led  to  our  earnings  for  our  fiscal  2021
substantially exceeding the results for our fiscal 2020. Beginning in our second quarter of fiscal 2021, there has been a trend in many parts of the world of
increasing  availability  and  administration  of  vaccines  against  COVID-19,  as  well  as  an  easing  of  restrictions  on  individual,  business,  and  government
activities.  The  easing  of  restrictions  and  the  existence  of  variant  strains  of  COVID-19  may  lead  to  a  rise  in  infections,  which  could  result  in  the
reinstatement of some of the restrictions previously in place and the implementation of new restrictions and mandates, and there are ongoing global impacts
resulting directly or indirectly from the pandemic including labor shortages, logistical challenges such as increased port congestion, and increases in costs
for certain goods and services. While the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic could negatively impact our results of operations, cash flows, and
financial position, the current level of uncertainty over the economic and operational impacts of COVID-19 means the related financial impact cannot be
reasonably estimated at this time.

Steel Mill Fire

On May 22, 2021, we experienced a fire at our steel mill in McMinnville, Oregon. Direct physical loss or damage to property from the incident was limited
to the mill’s melt shop, with no bodily injuries and no physical loss or damage to other buildings or equipment. The rolling mill production ceased in early
June 2021. In August 2021, our steel mill began ramping up production ahead of the original schedule following the substantial completion of replacement
and  repairs  of  property  and  equipment  in  the  melt  shop  that  had  been  lost  or  damaged  by  the  fire.  This  production  ramp-up  was  initiated  with  a  full
workforce  and  included  acceptance  of  orders  for  our  complete  range  of  finished  steel  products  based  on  the  rolling  schedule.  Impacts  are  expected  to
continue during the ramp-up phase and may continue thereafter. We have insurance that we believe is fully applicable to the losses and have filed initial
insurance  claims,  which  are  subject  to  deductibles  and  various  conditions,  exclusions,  and  limits,  for  the  property  damage  and  business  income  losses
resulting  from  the  matter.  The  property  damage  deductible  under  the  policies  insuring  the  Company’s  assets  is  $1  million,  while  the  deductible  for  lost
business  income  is  10  times  the  Average  Daily  Gross  Earnings  which  would  have  been  earned  had  no  interruption  occurred,  calculated  subject  to
judgments and uncertainties. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, we recognized an initial $10 million insurance receivable and related insurance recovery
gain,  reported  within  prepaid  expenses  and  other  current  assets  on  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  and  within  cost  of  goods  sold  on  the  Consolidated
Statements  of  Operations,  respectively,  partially  offsetting  the  detrimental  effects  of  the  incident  primarily  to  our  fourth  quarter  operating  results.  We
incurred approximately $10 million in capital purchases in the fourth quarter to replace and repair property and equipment that had been lost or damaged by
the fire. During the first quarter of fiscal 2022 through the date of this report, we received advance payments from insurance carriers totaling approximately
$30  million  towards  our  claims,  and  not  reflecting  any  final  or  full  settlement  of  claims  with  the  carriers.  The  insurance  claims  resolution  process  may
extend significantly beyond completion of repair and replacement of the physical plant property that experienced physical loss or damage at the melt shop
and the restart of production activities.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In this management’s discussion and analysis, we use supplemental measures of our performance, liquidity, and capital structure which are derived from
our consolidated financial information but which are not presented in our consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. We believe
that  providing  these  non-GAAP  financial  measures  adds  a  meaningful  presentation  of  our  operating  and  financial  performance,  liquidity,  and  capital
structure. For example, following the modification of our internal organizational and reporting structure completed in the first quarter of fiscal 2021, we use
adjusted EBITDA as one of the measures to compare and evaluate financial performance. Adjusted EBITDA is the sum of our net income before results
from discontinued operations, interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, charges for legacy environmental matters (net of recoveries),
business  development  costs  not  related  to  ongoing  operations  including  pre-acquisition  expenses,  restructuring  charges  and  other  exit-related  activities,
charges  related  to  non-ordinary  course  legal  settlements,  asset  impairment  charges,  net  and  other  items  which  are  not  related  to  underlying  business
operational performance. See the reconciliations of supplemental financial measures, including adjusted EBITDA, in Non-GAAP Financial Measures at the
end of this Item 7.

36 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Our non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, but not as a substitute for, the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measures.
Although  we  find  these  non-GAAP  financial  measures  useful  in  evaluating  the  performance  of  our  business,  our  reliance  on  these  measures  is  limited
because  they  often  materially  differ  from  our  consolidated  financial  statements  presented  in  accordance  with  GAAP.  Therefore,  we  typically  use  these
adjusted  amounts  in  conjunction  with  our  GAAP  results  to  address  these  limitations.  Our  non-GAAP  financial  measures  may  not  be  comparable  to
similarly  titled  measures  of  other  companies.  Other  companies,  including  companies  in  our  industry,  may  calculate  non-GAAP  financial  measures
differently than we do, limiting the usefulness of those measures for comparative purposes.

Financial Highlights of Results of Operations for Fiscal 2021

•

•

•

•

Diluted earnings per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders in fiscal 2021 was $5.66, compared to a loss per share of
$(0.15) in the prior fiscal year.

Adjusted diluted earnings per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders in fiscal 2021 was $6.13, compared to $0.43 in
the prior fiscal year.

Net income in fiscal 2021 was $170 million, compared to a loss of $2 million in the prior fiscal year.

Adjusted EBITDA in fiscal 2021 was $289 million, compared to $85 million in the prior fiscal year.

Market conditions for recycled metals improved in fiscal 2021, with selling prices for many recycled metal commodities reaching multi-year highs during
the year. Average net selling prices for our ferrous and nonferrous products increased significantly compared to the prior fiscal year which was negatively
impacted  by  the  economic  effects  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  In  fiscal  2021,  the  average  net  selling  prices  for  our  ferrous  and  nonferrous  products
increased by 61% and 60%, respectively, and sales volumes for these products increased by 11% and 8%, respectively, compared to the prior fiscal year.
Market conditions for our finished steel products also improved in fiscal 2021, which contributed to finished steel average selling prices increasing by 17%
compared  to  the  prior  fiscal  year,  the  benefits  of  which  were  partially  offset  by  the  impact  of  lower  finished  steel  sales  volumes  due  to  a  business
interruption at our steel mill caused by a fire in May 2021. Our results in fiscal 2021 reflected substantial benefits from the higher price environment for
most of our products including a significant expansion in our ferrous metal spreads, increased ferrous and nonferrous sales volumes supported by strong
demand and improved supply flows, greater contributions from sales of nonferrous products, and a favorable impact from average inventory accounting,
compared to the prior fiscal year.

The following items further highlight selected liquidity and capital structure metrics:

•

•

•

Net cash provided by operating activities of $190 million in fiscal 2021, compared to $125 million in the prior fiscal year.

Debt was $75 million as of August 31, 2021, compared to $104 million as of August 31, 2020.

Debt, net of cash, was $47 million as of August 31, 2021, compared to $87 million as of August 31, 2020.

See  the  reconciliations  of  adjusted  diluted  earnings  (loss)  per  share  from  continuing  operations  attributable  to  SSI  shareholders,  adjusted  EBITDA,  and
debt, net of cash in Non-GAAP Financial Measures at the end of this Item 7.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Results of Operations

Selected Financial Measures and Operating Statistics

($ in thousands, except for prices and per share amounts)
Ferrous revenues
Nonferrous revenues
Steel revenues(1)
Retail and other revenues

Total revenues

Cost of goods sold
Gross margin (total revenues less cost of goods sold)

Gross margin (%)
Selling, general and administrative expense
Diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations
attributable to SSI shareholders:

Reported
Adjusted(2)
Net income (loss)
Adjusted EBITDA(2)
Recycled ferrous metal average sales prices ($/LT)(3):

Domestic
Foreign
Average

Ferrous volumes (LT, in thousands):

Domestic(4)
Foreign

Total ferrous volumes (LT, in thousands)(4)(5)

Recycled nonferrous metal average sales price ($/pound)(3)(6)
Nonferrous volumes (pounds, in thousands)(4)(6)
Finished steel average sales price ($/ST)(3)
Finished steel sales volumes (ST, in thousands)
Cars purchased (in thousands)(7)
Number of auto parts stores at period end
Rolling mill utilization(8)

For the Year Ended August 31,
2020

2021
1,557,891 
684,862 
379,203 
136,595 
2,758,551 
2,305,357 
453,194 

  $

  $

  $

  $

862,490 
390,298 
336,980 
122,575 
1,712,343 
1,503,725 
208,618 

  $

  $

2019
1,164,719 
468,023 
367,956 
132,083 
2,132,781 
1,858,535 
274,246 

16.4% 

12.2% 

12.9% 

  $

242,463 

  $

187,876 

  $

191,405 

  $
  $
  $
  $

  $
  $
  $

  $

  $

  $
  $
  $
  $

  $
  $
  $

5.66 
6.13 
169,975 
289,209 

364 
385 
381 

1,500 
2,908 
4,408 

(0.15)   $
  $
0.43 
(2,200)   $
  $
85,414 

220 
241 
237 

  $
  $
  $

1,429 
2,525 
3,954 

  $

  $

0.88 
593,378 
737 
488 
338 
50 
78% 

  $

  $

0.55 
550,566 
630 
505 
316 
50 
86% 

2.01 
2.16 
58,322 
143,019 

274 
296 
290 

1,699 
2,621 
4,319 

0.59 
667,334 
713 
478 
386 
51 
88% 

% Increase (Decrease)

  2021 vs. 2020  

  2020 vs. 2019  

81%    
75%    
13%    
11%    
61%    
53%    
117%    

35%    
29%    

NM 

1,317%    

NM 
239%    

65%    
60%    
61%    

5%    
15%    
11%    

60%    
8%    
17%    
(3)%   
7%    
—%    
(9)%   

(26)%
(17)%
(8)%
(7)%
(20)%
(19)%
(24)%

(5)%
(2)%

NM 
(80)%
NM 
(40)%

(20)%
(19)%
(18)%

(16)%
(4)%
(8)%

(7)%
(17)%
(12)%
6%
(18)%
(2)%
(2)%

NM = Not Meaningful
LT = Long Ton, which is equivalent to 2,240 pounds. ST = Short Ton, which is equivalent to 2,000 pounds.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

Steel revenues include predominantly sales of finished steel products, in addition to sales of semi-finished goods (billets) and steel manufacturing scrap.

See the reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures at the end of this Item 7.

Price information is shown after netting the cost of freight incurred to deliver the product to the customer.

Ferrous and nonferrous volumes sold externally and delivered to our steel mill for finished steel production.

(5) May not foot due to rounding.

(6) Average sales price and volume information excludes platinum group metals (“PGMs”) in catalytic converters.

(7)

(8)

Cars purchased by auto parts stores only.

Rolling mill utilization is based on effective annual production capacity under current conditions of 580 thousand tons of finished steel products.

38 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Revenues

Revenues in fiscal 2021 increased by 61% compared to the prior fiscal year primarily due to significantly higher average net selling prices and increased
sales volumes for our ferrous and nonferrous products in both export and domestic markets. The increase was driven by stronger market conditions for
recycled metals globally, with selling prices for many recycled metal commodities reaching multi-year highs during fiscal 2021. The average net selling
price for our ferrous products increased by 61%, and the average net selling price for our nonferrous products increased by 60%, compared to the prior
fiscal year. Ferrous sales volumes increased by 11% and nonferrous sales volumes increased by 8%, compared to the prior fiscal year. Market conditions
for our finished steel products also improved in fiscal 2021, which contributed to higher finished steel average selling prices, reflecting robust demand in
West Coast construction markets. The impact of higher average selling prices for our finished steel products on steel revenues in fiscal 2021 reduced the
impact on our financial performance of lower sales volumes and rolling mill utilization compared to the prior fiscal year, which were primarily due to the
May 2021 fire and related production interruption at our steel mill.

Operating Performance

Net income in fiscal 2021 was $170 million, compared to net loss of $2 million in the prior fiscal year. Adjusted EBITDA in fiscal 2021 was $289 million,
compared  to  $85  million  in  the  prior  fiscal  year.  The  improvement  in  our  results  for  fiscal  2021  reflected  substantial  benefits  from  the  higher  price
environment  for  most  of  our  products,  including  a  significant  expansion  in  our  ferrous  metal  spreads,  increased  ferrous  and  nonferrous  sales  volumes
supported  by  strong  demand  and  improved  supply  flows,  greater  contributions  from  sales  of  nonferrous  products, and a favorable impact from average
inventory accounting, compared to the prior fiscal year. Ferrous metal spreads in fiscal 2021 increased by approximately 44% and average net selling prices
for our nonferrous joint products that are recovered from the shredding process, comprising primarily zorba, increased by approximately 58% compared to
the prior fiscal year. Our results in fiscal 2021 also reflected substantially increased contributions from sales of higher priced PGM products compared to
the prior fiscal year and achievement of the full run rate of benefits from productivity initiatives implemented throughout fiscal 2020. In the fourth quarter
of fiscal 2021, we recognized initial insurance recoveries of $10 million related to the May 2021 fire at our steel mill, partially offsetting the detrimental
effects  of  the  incident  primarily  to  our  fourth  quarter  operating  results.  In  comparison,  our  results  in  fiscal  2020  reflected  periods  of  sharply  declining
commodity prices and constrained supply of scrap metal, especially during the third quarter of fiscal 2020 due in large part to the effects of the COVID-19
pandemic, which had a significant negative impact on operating margins and overall operating results for fiscal 2020. Selling, general, and administrative
expense in fiscal 2021 increased by 29% compared to the prior fiscal year primarily due to an increase in employee-related expenses as a result of higher
incentive compensation accruals driven by improved business performance, increased charges related to legacy environmental matters, and increased legal
and professional services costs. See the reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA in Non-GAAP Financial Measures at the end of this Item 7.

In  fiscal  2020,  we  implemented  productivity  initiatives  aimed  at  reducing  our  annual  operating  expenses,  mainly  through  reductions  in  non-trade
procurement  spend,  including  outside  and  professional  services,  lower  employee-related  expenses,  and  other  non-headcount  measures.  We  targeted  $20
million in annual benefits from these initiatives, and we achieved the full quarterly run rate of benefits in the third quarter of fiscal 2020. We achieved
approximately  $19  million  and  $18  million  in  realized  benefits  in  fiscal  2021  and  2020,  respectively.  Additionally,  in  April  2020,  we  announced  our
intention to modify our internal organizational and reporting structure to the One Schnitzer functionally-based, integrated model, which we completed in
the  first  quarter  of  fiscal  2021.  This  change  in  structure  has  resulted  in  a  more  agile  organization  and  solidified  achievement  of  recent  productivity
improvements  and  cost  efficiency  initiatives.  During  fiscal  2020,  we  incurred  severance  costs  of  $2  million,  exit-related  costs  associated  with  a  lease
contract termination of $1 million, and professional services costs related to these initiatives of $6 million.

Income Taxes

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes
Income tax expense
Effective tax rate

2021

Year Ended August 31,
2020

2019

  $
  $

207,989 
  $
(37,935)   $
18.2%  

(1,939)
(166)
(8.6)%  

  $
  $

76,240 
(17,670)
23.2%

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Our effective tax rate from continuing operations for fiscal 2021 was an expense on pre-tax income of 18.2%, compared to an expense on pre-tax loss of
8.6% for fiscal 2020. Our effective tax rate from continuing operations for fiscal 2021 was lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due
to  the  benefit  from  the  foreign  derived  intangible  income  deduction  in  fiscal  2021  and  the  impacts  of  research  and  development  credits,  release  of  the
valuation allowance against Puerto Rico deferred tax assets, and other discrete items. Our effective tax rate from continuing operations for fiscal 2020 was
lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21%, and reflective of income tax expense on a pre-tax loss from continuing operations, primarily due to the
partially  offsetting  impacts  of  individually  immaterial  permanent  differences  from  non-deductible  expenses  and  research  and  development  credits,  the
effects of unrecognized tax benefits, and the aggregate impact of state taxes.

We assess the realizability of our deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis through an analysis of potential sources of future taxable income, including prior
year taxable income available to absorb a carryback of tax losses, reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, tax planning strategies, and forecasts
of  taxable  income.  We  consider  all  negative  and  positive  evidence,  including  the  weight  of  the  evidence,  to  determine  if  valuation  allowances  against
deferred tax assets are required. We continue to maintain valuation allowances against certain deferred tax assets related to certain jurisdictions as a result
of negative objective evidence, including the effects of historical losses in these tax jurisdictions, outweighing positive objective and subjective evidence,
indicating  that  it  is  more-likely-than-not  that  the  associated  tax  benefit  will  not  be  realized.  Realization  of  the  deferred  tax  assets  is  dependent  upon
generating sufficient taxable income in the associated tax jurisdictions in future years to benefit from the reversal of net deductible temporary differences
and from the utilization of net operating losses. We will continue to regularly assess the realizability of deferred tax assets. Changes in historical earnings
performance  and  future  earnings  projections,  among  other  factors,  may  cause  us  to  adjust  our  valuation  allowance  on  deferred  tax  assets,  which  would
impact our results of operations in the period we determine that these factors have changed.

CARES Act

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was enacted into law. The CARES Act contains several income
tax  provisions,  as  well  as  other  measures,  aimed  at  assisting  businesses  impacted  by  the  economic  effects  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  Among  other
provisions, the CARES Act removes certain limitations on utilization of net operating losses (“NOLs”) and allows for carrybacks of certain past and future
NOLs. We applied the NOL carryback provisions of the CARES Act to our NOL for fiscal 2020, which resulted in the reclassification of a $11 million
NOL deferred income tax asset to refundable income taxes and recognition of a $1 million income tax benefit in the third quarter of fiscal 2020. We do not
anticipate the other income tax provisions of the CARES Act to have a material impact on our financial statements.

See Note 14 - Income Taxes in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report for further discussion.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We rely on cash provided by operating activities as a primary source of liquidity, supplemented by current cash on hand and borrowings under our existing
credit facilities.

Sources and Uses of Cash

We had cash balances of $28 million and $18 million as of each August 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Cash balances are intended to be used primarily
for  working  capital,  capital  expenditures,  dividends,  share  repurchases,  investments  and  acquisitions.  We  use  excess  cash  on  hand  to  reduce  amounts
outstanding under our credit facilities. As of August 31, 2021, debt was $75 million, compared to $104 million as of August 31, 2020, and debt, net of cash,
was $47 million as of August 31, 2021 compared to $87 million as of August 31, 2020 (see the reconciliation of debt, net of cash, in Non-GAAP Financial
Measures at the end of this Item 7).

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 2021 was $190 million, compared to $125 million in fiscal 2020.

Sources of cash other than from earnings in fiscal 2021 included a $65 million increase in accounts payable primarily due to higher raw material purchase
prices  and  the  timing  of  payments,  a  $28  million  increase  in  accrued  payroll  and  related  liabilities  primarily  due  to  increased  incentive  compensation
liabilities, and a $23 million increase in income tax accruals. Uses of cash in fiscal 2021 included a $89 million increase in inventories due to higher raw
material purchase prices, higher volumes on hand, and the timing of purchases and sales, and a $84 million increase in accounts receivable primarily due to
increases in selling prices and higher sales volumes for recycled metals, as well as the timing of sales and collections.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Sources of cash in fiscal 2020 included a $39 million decrease in inventories due to lower raw material purchase prices and the timing of purchases and
sales and a $13 million increase in accrued payroll and related liabilities due to increased incentive compensation liabilities and deferred payroll taxes as
permitted  under  the  CARES  Act.  Uses  of  cash  in  fiscal  2020 included an $8 million  decrease  in  accounts  payable  primarily  due  to  lower  raw  material
purchase prices and the timing of payments.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities in fiscal 2021 was $118 million, compared to $79 million in fiscal 2020.

Cash  used  in  investing  activities  in  fiscal  2021  included  capital  expenditures  of  $119  million  to  upgrade  our  equipment  and  infrastructure  and  for
investments  in  advanced  metals  recovery  technology  and  environmental  and  safety-related  assets,  as  well  as  $8  million  related  to  the  repair  and
replacement of damaged steel mill equipment, compared to $82 million in the prior year.

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities for fiscal 2021 was $63 million, compared to $41 million in fiscal 2020.

Cash flows from financing activities in fiscal 2021 included $31 million in net repayments of debt, compared to $8 million in the prior fiscal year (refer to
Non-GAAP  Financial  Measures  at  the  end  of  this  Item  7).  Uses  of  cash  in  both  of  fiscal  2021  and  2020  also  included  $21  million  for  the  payment  of
dividends.

Additionally,  during  the  third  quarter  of  fiscal  2020,  we  borrowed  an  incremental  $250  million  under  our  credit  facilities  in  order  to  increase  our  cash
position and preserve financial flexibility in light of the COVID-19 outbreak. We repaid the $250 million of additional borrowings in the fourth quarter of
fiscal 2020.

Debt

Following  is  a  summary  of  our  outstanding  balances  and  availability  on  credit  facilities  and  long-term  debt,  exclusive  of  finance  lease  obligations  (in
thousands):

Bank secured revolving credit facilities(1)
Other debt obligations

(1)

Remaining availability is net of $8 million of outstanding stand-by letters of credit as of August 31, 2021.

Outstanding as of
August 31, 2021

Remaining
Availability

  $
  $

60,000    $
8,362   

643,872 
N/A

Our senior secured revolving credit facilities, which provide for revolving loans of $700 million and C$15 million, mature in August 2023 pursuant to a
credit  agreement  with  Bank  of  America,  N.A.,  as  administrative  agent,  and  other  lenders  party  thereto.  The  $700  million  credit  facility  includes  a  $50
million sublimit for letters of credit, a $25 million sublimit for swingline loans and a $50 million sublimit for multicurrency borrowings. Interest rates on
outstanding indebtedness under the credit agreement are based, at our option, on either the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) (or the Canadian
equivalent for C$ loans), plus a spread of between 1.25% and 3.50%, with the amount of the spread based on a pricing grid tied to our ratio of consolidated
funded debt to EBITDA (as defined by the credit agreement), or the greater of (a) the prime rate, (b) the federal funds rate plus 0.50% or (c) the daily rate
equal to one-month LIBOR plus 1.75%, in each case, plus a spread of between 0.00% and 2.50% based on a pricing grid tied to our consolidated funded
debt to EBITDA ratio. In addition, commitment fees are payable on the unused portion of the credit facilities at rates between 0.20% and 0.50% based on a
pricing grid tied to our ratio of consolidated funded debt to EBITDA.

We  had  borrowings  outstanding  under  our  credit  facilities  of  $60 million  and  $90  million  as  of  August  31,  2021  and  2020,  respectively.  The  weighted
average interest rate on amounts outstanding under our credit facilities was 1.75% and 4.59% as of August 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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We use the credit facilities to fund working capital, capital expenditures, dividends, share repurchases, investments, and acquisitions. Our credit agreement
contains various representations and warranties, events of default, and financial and other customary covenants which limit (subject to certain exceptions)
our  ability  to,  among  other  things,  incur  or  suffer  to  exist  certain  liens,  make  investments,  incur  or  guaranty  additional  indebtedness,  enter  into
consolidations, mergers, acquisitions, and sales of assets, make distributions and other restricted payments, change the nature of our business, engage in
transactions with affiliates, and enter into restrictive agreements, including agreements that restrict the ability of our subsidiaries to make distributions. As
of August 31, 2021, the financial covenants under the credit agreement included (a) a consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio, defined as the four-quarter
rolling sum of consolidated EBITDA less defined maintenance capital expenditures and certain environmental expenditures divided by consolidated fixed
charges, and (b) a consolidated leverage ratio, defined as consolidated funded indebtedness divided by the sum of consolidated net worth and consolidated
funded indebtedness.

As of August 31, 2021, we were in compliance with the financial covenants under our credit agreement. The consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio was
required to be no less than 1.50 to 1.00 and was 7.20 to 1.00 as of August 31, 2021. The consolidated leverage ratio was required to be no more than 0.55 to
1.00 and was 0.09 to 1.00 as of August 31, 2021.

Our  obligations  under  our  credit  agreement  are  guaranteed  by  substantially  all  of  our  subsidiaries.  The  credit  facilities  and  the  related  guarantees  are
secured by senior first priority liens on certain of our and our subsidiaries’ assets, including equipment, inventory, and accounts receivable.

While  we  currently  expect  to  remain  in  compliance  with  the  financial  covenants  under  the  credit  agreement,  we  may  not  be  able  to  do  so  in  the  event
market conditions, COVID-19, or other negative factors have a significant adverse impact on our results of operations and financial position. If we do not
maintain compliance with our financial covenants and are unable to obtain an amendment or waiver from our lenders, a breach of a financial covenant
would constitute an event of default and allow the lenders to exercise remedies under the agreements, the most severe of which is the termination of the
credit facility under our committed bank credit agreement and acceleration of the amounts owed under the agreement. In such case, we would be required
to evaluate available alternatives and take appropriate steps to obtain alternative funds. We cannot assure that any such alternative funds, if sought, could be
obtained or, if obtained, would be adequate or on acceptable terms.

Other debt obligations, which totaled $8 million and $7 million as of August 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, primarily relate to an equipment purchase,
the contract consideration for which includes an obligation to make future monthly payments to the vendor in the form of licensing fees. For accounting
purposes,  such  obligation  is  treated  as  a  partial  financing  of  the  purchase  price  by  the  equipment  vendor.  Monthly  payments  commence  when  the
equipment is placed in service and continue for a period of four years thereafter.

Capital Expenditures

Capital  expenditures  totaled  $119  million  for  fiscal  2021,  compared  to  $82  million  for  fiscal  2020.  Capital  expenditures  in  fiscal  2021  included
approximately $51 million for investments in growth, including new nonferrous processing technologies, support for volume initiatives, and other growth
projects, using cash generated from operations and available credit facilities. We currently plan to invest in the range of $130 million to $160 million in
capital  expenditures  in  fiscal  2022,  including  for  investments  in  growth,  including  new  nonferrous  processing  technologies  and  to  support  volume
initiatives  as  well  as  post-acquisition  and  other  growth  projects,  using  cash  generated  from  operations  and  available  credit  facilities.  The  COVID-19
pandemic  has  contributed  to  some  delays  in  construction  activities  and  equipment  deliveries  related  to  our  capital  projects,  and  to  the  time  required  to
obtain permits from government agencies, resulting in the deferral of certain capital expenditures. Given the continually evolving nature of the COVID-19
pandemic and other factors impacting the timing of project completion, the extent to which forecasted capital expenditures could be deferred is uncertain.

Environmental Compliance

Building  on  our  commitment  to  recycling  and  operating  our  business  in  an  environmentally  responsible  manner,  we  continue  to  invest  in  facilities  that
improve  our  environmental  presence  in  the  communities  in  which  we  operate.  As  part  of  our  capital  expenditures  discussed  in  the  prior  paragraph,  we
invested approximately $21 million in capital expenditures for environmental projects in fiscal 2021, and we currently plan to invest in the range of $30
million to $40 million for such projects in fiscal 2022. These projects include investments in equipment to ensure ongoing compliance with air quality and
other environmental regulations and storm water systems.

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We have been identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) as one of the potentially responsible parties that own or operate or
formerly  owned  or  operated  sites  which  are  part  of  or  adjacent  to  the  Portland  Harbor  Superfund  site  (the  “Site”).  See  Note  9  -  Commitments  and
Contingencies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report for a discussion of this matter, as well as other legacy
environmental loss contingencies. We believe it is not possible to reasonably estimate the amount or range of costs which we are likely to or which it is
reasonably possible that we will incur in connection with the Site, although such costs could be material to our financial position, results of operations, cash
flows, and liquidity. We have insurance policies that we believe will provide reimbursement for costs we incur for defense, remediation, and mitigation for
natural resource damages claims in connection with the Site, although there are no assurances that those policies will cover all of the costs which we may
incur. Significant cash outflows in the future related to the Site could reduce the amounts available for borrowing that could otherwise be used for working
capital, capital expenditures, dividends, share repurchases, investments, and acquisitions and could result in our failure to maintain compliance with certain
covenants in our debt agreements, and could adversely impact our liquidity.

Dividends

On June 30, 2021,  our  Board  of  Directors  declared  a  dividend  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  fiscal  2021  of  $0.1875  per  common  share,  which  equates  to  an
annual cash dividend of $0.75 per common share. Dividends of $0.75 per common share, totaling $21 million, were declared and paid during fiscal 2021.

On  July  31,  2020,  our  Board  of  Directors  declared  a  dividend  for  the  fourth  quarter  of  fiscal  2020  of  $0.1875  per  common  share,  which  equated  to  an
annual cash dividend of $0.75 per common share. Dividends of $0.75 per common share, totaling $21 million, were declared and paid during fiscal 2020.

Share Repurchase Program

Pursuant to our share repurchase program as amended in 2001, 2006, and 2008, we were authorized to repurchase up to nine million shares of our Class A
common stock. As of August 31, 2021, we had authorization to repurchase up to a remaining 706 thousand shares of our Class A common stock when we
deem such repurchases to be appropriate. We may repurchase our common stock for a variety of reasons, such as to optimize our capital structure and to
offset dilution related to share-based compensation arrangements. We consider several factors in determining whether to make share repurchases including,
among other things, our cash needs, the availability of funding, our future business plans, and the market price of our stock. We did not repurchase any
shares of our common stock during fiscal 2021.

Assessment of Liquidity and Capital Resources

Historically,  our  available  cash  resources,  internally  generated  funds,  credit  facilities,  and  equity  offerings  have  financed  our  acquisitions,  capital
expenditures, working capital, and other financing needs.

We  generally  believe  our  current  cash  resources,  internally  generated  funds,  existing  credit  facilities,  and  access  to  the  capital  markets  will  provide
adequate  short-term  and  long-term  liquidity  needs  for  working  capital,  capital  expenditures,  dividends,  share  repurchases,  investments  and  acquisitions,
joint ventures, debt service requirements, environmental obligations, and other contingencies. However, in the event of a sustained market deterioration, we
may  need  additional  liquidity  which  would  require  us  to  evaluate  available  alternatives  and  take  appropriate  steps  to  obtain  sufficient  additional  funds.
There can be no assurances that any such supplemental funding, if sought, could be obtained or, if obtained, would be adequate or on acceptable terms.

On October 1, 2021, during the first quarter of our fiscal 2022, we closed a transaction under a definitive agreement with Columbus Recycling entered on
August 12, 2021, to acquire eight metals recycling facilities. The cash purchase price was approximately $107 million, subject to adjustment for acquired
net  working  capital  relative  to  an  agreed-upon  benchmark,  as  well  as  other  adjustments.  We  funded  the  business  acquisition  using  cash  on  hand  and
borrowings under our existing credit facilities. See “Acquisition of Columbus Recycling” in Note 18 – Subsequent Events in Part II, Item 8 of this report
for further detail.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Contractual Obligations

We have certain contractual obligations to make future payments. The following table summarizes future obligations related to debt and leases as of August
31, 2021 (in thousands):

Contractual Obligations
Credit facilities(1)
Interest payments on credit facilities(2)
Other debt, including interest(3)
Finance leases, including interest
Operating leases(4)

2022      

2023      

2024      

2025      

2026     Thereafter    Totals

Payment Due by Period

  $
  $
  $
  $
  $

—    $
1,050    $
2,468    $
1,865    $
25,519    $

60,000    $
1,030    $
2,618    $
1,792    $
24,021    $

—    $
—    $
1,875    $
1,498    $
20,000    $

—    $
—    $
1,875    $
714    $
14,703    $

—    $
—    $
225    $
595    $
11,351    $

60,000 
—    $
2,080 
—    $
9,135 
74    $
7,750 
1,286    $
64,784    $ 160,378

(1)
(2)

Credit facilities include the principal amount of borrowings outstanding under bank secured revolving credit facilities, which mature in August 2023.
Interest payments on credit facilities are based on interest rates in effect as of August 31, 2021. As contractual interest rates and the amount of debt outstanding is variable in certain cases,
actual cash payments may differ from the estimates provided.

(3) Other debt obligations primarily relate to an equipment purchase, the contract consideration for which includes an obligation to make future monthly payments to the vendor in the form of
licensing fees. For accounting purposes, such obligation is treated as a partial financing of the purchase price by the equipment vendor. Monthly payments commence when the equipment
is placed in service and continue for a period of four years thereafter.

(4) Operating lease payments reflect those embedded in the measurement of our operating lease liabilities and, thus, include future lease payments for the remaining non-cancellable period of
the lease together with periods covered by renewal (or termination) options which we are reasonably certain to exercise (or not to exercise). These operating lease payments do not include
certain tax, insurance, and maintenance costs, which are also required contractual obligations under our operating leases but are generally not fixed and can fluctuate from year to year.
Also, we have excluded future minimum lease payments for leases that have been executed but have not commenced as of August 31, 2021.

In  addition  to  future  obligations  related  to  debt  and  leases  presented  in  the  table  above,  we  have  certain  material  cash  requirements,  including  but  not
limited to commitments for capital expenditures. See “Capital Expenditures” within “Liquidity and Capital Resources” above in this Item 7 for discussion
of our planned investment in capital expenditures in fiscal 2022, a portion of which represents contractual commitments that existed as of the end of our
fiscal 2021. We also had open purchase orders as of August 31, 2021 for purchases of primarily fuels and lubricants, machinery and equipment components
and parts, and consumables used in our operations of approximately $60 million, nearly all of which require payment of cash in our fiscal 2022.

See Note 12 – Employee Benefits in Part II, Item 8 of this report for disclosure related to qualified and nonqualified retirement plans, which include a
defined benefit pension plan, a supplemental executive retirement benefit plan, multiemployer pension plans, defined contribution plans, and a deferred
compensation plan.

We maintain stand-by letters of credit to provide support for certain obligations, including workers’ compensation and performance bonds. At August 31,
2021, we had $8 million outstanding under these arrangements.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires us to make
certain  judgments,  estimates,  and  assumptions  regarding  uncertainties  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets,  liabilities,  revenues  and  expenses,  and
related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. An accounting estimate is deemed to be critical if it is made based on assumptions and judgments
about matters that are inherently uncertain at the time the estimate is made, if different estimates reasonably could have been used, or if changes in the
estimate  that  are  reasonably  likely  to  occur  could  materially  impact  our  consolidated  financial  statements.  Because  of  the  uncertainty  inherent  in  these
matters, actual results could differ from the estimates we use. We are not currently aware of any reasonably likely events or circumstances that would result
in materially different amounts being reported.

Our critical accounting estimates include those related to inventories, long-lived assets, goodwill, environmental costs, and income taxes.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Inventories

Our  inventories  consist  of  processed  and  unprocessed  scrap  metal  (ferrous,  nonferrous,  and  mixed  nonferrous  recovered  joint  products  arising  from  the
manufacturing  process),  semi-finished  steel  products  (billets),  finished  steel  products  (primarily  rebar,  wire  rod,  and  merchant  bar),  used  and  salvaged
vehicles, and supplies. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. We consider estimated future selling prices when determining the
estimated net realizable value of our inventory. As we generally sell our recycled ferrous metal under contracts that provide for shipment within 30 to 60
days after the price is agreed, we utilize the selling prices under committed contracts and sales orders for determining the estimated net realizable value of
quantities on hand that will be shipped under these contracts and sales orders.

The  accounting  process  we  use  to  record  ferrous  scrap  metal  quantities  relies  on  significant  estimates.  With  respect  to  estimating  the  quantities  of
unprocessed ferrous scrap metal inventory that are moved into production, we rely on weighed quantities of the processed ferrous material, adjusted for
estimated  metal  recoveries  and  yields  that  are  based  on  historical  trends  and  other  judgments  by  management.  Actual  recoveries  and  yields  can  vary
depending on product quality, moisture content, and the source of the unprocessed metal. The Company’s estimates are intended to reasonably reflect the
quantities of unprocessed ferrous scrap metal that are used in the production of processed ferrous metal. To assist in validating the reasonableness of these
estimates,  we  periodically  review  shrink  factors  and  perform  monthly  physical  inventories.  Due  to  the  inherent  nature  of  our  scrap  metal  inventories,
including  variations  in  product  density,  holding  period,  and  production  processes  utilized  to  manufacture  the  products,  physical  inventories  will  not
necessarily detect all variances for scrap metal inventory such that estimates of quantities are required. To mitigate this risk, we further adjust our ferrous
physical inventories when the volume of a commodity is low and a physical inventory count is deemed to more accurately estimate the remaining volume.

Long-Lived Assets

We  test  long-lived  tangible  and  intangible  assets  for  impairment  at  the  asset  group  level,  which  is  determined  based  on  the  lowest  level  for  which
identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities. We test our asset groups for impairment when
certain triggering events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset group may be impaired. If the carrying value of the asset
group is not recoverable because it exceeds the estimate of future undiscounted cash flows from the use and eventual disposition of the asset group, an
impairment loss is recognized by the amount the carrying value exceeds its fair value, if any. The impairment loss is allocated to the long-lived assets of the
group on a pro rata basis using the relative carrying amounts of those assets, except that the loss allocated to an individual long-lived asset of the group
shall  not  reduce  the  carrying  amount  of  that  asset  below  its  fair  value.  Fair  value  is  determined  using  one  or  more  of  the  income,  market,  or  cost
approaches, depending on the nature of the asset group. Determination of fair value is considered a critical accounting estimate. In fiscal 2021, we did not
identify any triggering events or changes in circumstances indicating that the carrying value of a material asset group may be impaired.

Goodwill

We evaluate goodwill for impairment annually on July 1 and upon the occurrence of certain triggering events or substantive changes in circumstances that
indicate  that  the  fair  value  of  goodwill  may  be  impaired.  Impairment  of  goodwill  is  tested  at  the  reporting  unit  level.  A  reporting  unit  is  an  operating
segment or one level below an operating segment (referred to as a “component”).

When testing goodwill for impairment, we have the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances
leads to a determination that it is more-likely-than-not that the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we elect to perform
a  qualitative  assessment  and  determine  that  an  impairment  is  more-likely-than-not,  we  are  then  required  to  perform  the  quantitative  impairment  test,
otherwise  no  further  analysis  is  required.  We  also  may  elect  not  to  perform  the  qualitative  assessment  and,  instead,  proceed  directly  to  the  quantitative
impairment test. When performing the quantitative impairment test, we apply a one-step quantitative test and record the amount of goodwill impairment as
the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

We estimate the fair value of a reporting unit using an income approach based on the present value of expected future cash flows utilizing a market-based
weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) determined separately for the reporting unit. To estimate the present value of the cash flows that extend beyond
the final year in the discounted cash flow analysis, we employ a terminal value technique, whereby we use estimated operating cash flows minus capital
expenditures,  adjust  for  changes  in  working  capital  requirements  in  the  final  year  of  the  analysis,  and  then  discount  these  estimated  cash  flows  by  the
WACC to establish the terminal value.

The determination of fair value using the income approach requires judgment and involves the use of estimates and assumptions about expected future cash
flows  derived  from  internal  forecasts  and  the  impact  of  market  conditions  on  those  assumptions.  Assumptions  primarily  include  revenue  growth  rates
driven by future ferrous and nonferrous commodity price and sales volume expectations, gross margins, selling, general and administrative expense relative
to  total  revenues,  capital  expenditures,  working  capital  requirements,  discount  rate  (WACC),  tax  rate,  terminal  growth  rate,  benefits  associated  with  a
taxable transaction, and synergistic benefits available to market participants.

We also use a market approach based on earnings multiple data and our Company’s market capitalization to corroborate our reporting units’ valuations. We
reconcile the Company’s market capitalization to the aggregated estimated fair value of all reporting units, including consideration of a control premium
representing the estimated amount a market participant would pay to obtain a controlling interest in the Company.

As a result of the inherent uncertainty associated with forming the estimates described above, actual results could differ from those estimates. Future events
and changing market conditions may impact our assumptions as to future revenue and operating margin growth, WACC and other factors that may result in
changes  in  our  estimates  of  the  reporting  units’  fair  value.  Although  we  believe  the  assumptions  used  in  testing  our  reporting  units’  goodwill  for
impairment are reasonable, a lack of recovery or further deterioration in market conditions from current levels, a trend of weaker than anticipated financial
performance for the reporting unit with allocated goodwill, a decline in our share price from current levels for a sustained period of time, or an increase in
the WACC, among other factors, could significantly impact our impairment analysis and may result in future goodwill impairment charges that, if incurred,
could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

In  the  fourth  quarter  of  fiscal  2021,  we  performed  the  annual  goodwill  impairment  test  as  of  July  1,  2021.  As  of  the  testing  date,  the  balance  of  our
goodwill  was  $171  million,  and  all  but  $1  million  of  such  balance  was  carried  by  two  reporting  units.  We  elected  to  first  assess  qualitative  factors  to
determine  whether  the  existence  of  events  or  circumstances  led  to  a  determination  that  it  is  more-likely-than-not  that  the  estimated  fair  value  of  each
reporting unit carrying goodwill is less than its carrying amount. As a result of the qualitative assessment, we concluded that it is not more-likely-than-not
that the fair value of each reporting unit carrying goodwill is less than its carrying value as of the testing date, and, therefore, no further impairment testing
was required.

Environmental Costs

We  operate  in  industries  that  inherently  possess  environmental  risks.  To  manage  these  risks,  we  employ  both  our  own  environmental  staff  and  outside
consultants.  Environmental  management  and  finance  personnel  meet  regularly  to  discuss  environmental  risks.  We  estimate  future  costs  for  known
environmental remediation requirements and accrue for them on an undiscounted basis when it is probable that we have incurred a liability and the related
costs can be reasonably estimated but the timing of incurring the estimated costs is unknown. The regulatory and government management of these projects
is complex, which is one of the primary factors that make it difficult to assess the cost of potential and future remediation. When only a wide range of
estimated amounts can be reasonably established and no other amount within the range is better than any other, the low end of the range is recorded in the
financial statements. If further developments or resolution of an environmental matter result in facts and circumstances that are significantly different than
the assumptions used to develop these liabilities, the accrual for environmental remediation could be materially understated or overstated. Adjustments to
these liabilities are made when additional information becomes available that affects the estimated costs to study or remediate any environmental issues or
when expenditures for which accruals are established are made. The factors we consider in the recognition and measurement of environmental liabilities
include:

•

•

•

•

•

Current regulations, both at the time the liability is established and during the course of the investigation or remediation process, which specify
standards for acceptable remediation;

Information about the site which becomes available as the site is studied and remediated;

The professional judgment of senior level internal staff and outside consultants, who take into account similar, recent instances of environmental
remediation issues, and studies of our sites, among other considerations;

Available technologies that can be used for remediation; and

The  number  and  financial  condition  of  other  potentially  responsible  parties  and  the  extent  of  their  responsibility  for  the  costs  of  study  and
remediation.

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Our accrued environmental liabilities as of August 31, 2021 included $6 million related to the Portland Harbor Superfund site. Because the final remedial
actions  have  not  yet  been  designed  and  there  has  not  been  a  determination  of  the  amount  of  natural  resource  damages  or of  the  allocation  among  the
potentially responsible parties of costs of the investigations, remedial action costs, or natural resource damages, we believe it is not possible to reasonably
estimate the amount or range of costs which we are likely or which it is reasonably possible that we may incur in connection with the Site, although such
costs  could  be  material  to  our  financial  position,  results  of  operations,  cash  flows  and  liquidity.  Therefore,  no  additional  amounts  have  been  accrued.
Further, we have been notified that we are or may be a potentially responsible party at sites other than Portland Harbor which are currently or formerly
owned or operated by us or at other sites where we may have responsibility for such costs due to past disposal or other activities. See “Contingencies –
Environmental” in Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report.

Income Taxes

Valuation Allowances

We assess the realizability of our deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis through an analysis of potential sources of future taxable income, including prior
year taxable income available to absorb a carryback of tax losses, reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, tax planning strategies, and forecasts
of  taxable  income.  We  consider  all  negative  and  positive  evidence,  including  the  weight  of  the  evidence,  to  determine  if  valuation  allowances  against
deferred  tax  assets  are  required.  Due  to  the  significant  judgment  involved,  realizability  of  our  deferred  tax  assets  is  considered  a  critical  accounting
estimate. We continue to maintain valuation allowances against certain state and Canadian deferred tax assets.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

We have not identified any recent accounting pronouncements that are expected to have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations
or cash flows upon adoption.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Debt, net of cash

Debt, net of cash is the difference between (i) the sum of long-term debt and short-term borrowings (i.e., total debt) and (ii) cash and cash equivalents. We
believe that presenting debt, net of cash is useful to investors as a measure of our leverage, as cash and cash equivalents can be used, among other things, to
repay indebtedness.

The following is a reconciliation of debt, net of cash (in thousands):

Short-term borrowings
Long-term debt, net of current maturities

Total debt

Less cash and cash equivalents
Total debt, net of cash

Net borrowings (repayments) of debt

  August 31, 2021  
  $

  August 31, 2020

  August 31, 2019

3,654    $
71,299   
74,953   
27,818   
47,135    $

2,184    $

102,235   
104,419   
17,887   
86,532    $

1,321 
103,775 
105,096 
12,377 
92,719

  $

Net borrowings (repayments) of debt is the sum of borrowings from long-term debt and repayments of long-term debt. We present this amount as the net
change in our borrowings (repayments) for the period because we believe it is useful for investors as a meaningful presentation of the change in debt.

The following is a reconciliation of net borrowings (repayments) of debt (in thousands):

Borrowings from long-term debt
Repayments of long-term debt

Net borrowings (repayments) of debt

Fiscal 2021

Fiscal 2020

Fiscal 2019

  $

  $

546,706    $
(578,030)  

(31,324)   $

690,162    $
(698,492)  

(8,330)   $

431,048 
(435,353)
(4,305)

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Adjusted EBITDA, adjusted selling, general, and administrative expense, adjusted income from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders,
and adjusted diluted earnings per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders

Management believes that providing these non-GAAP financial measures adds a meaningful presentation of our results from business operations excluding
adjustments for legacy environmental matters (net of recoveries), business development costs not related to ongoing operations including pre-acquisition
expenses, restructuring charges and other exit-related activities, charges related to non-ordinary course legal settlements, asset impairment charges (net of
recoveries),  and  the  income  tax  benefit  allocated  to  these adjustments, items which are not related to underlying business operational performance, and
improves the period-to-period comparability of our results from business operations.

Following are reconciliations of net income (loss) to adjusted EBITDA, and adjusted selling, general, and administrative expense (in thousands):

Reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA:
Net income (loss)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
Interest expense
Income tax expense
Depreciation and amortization
Charges for legacy environmental matters, net(1)
Business development costs
Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities
Charges related to legal settlements(2)
Asset impairment charges, net
Adjusted EBITDA

Selling, general and administrative expense:
As reported
Charges for legacy environmental matters, net(1)
Business development costs
Charges related to legal settlements(2)
Adjusted

Year Ended August 31,
2020

2019

2021

  $

169,975    $

79   
5,285   
37,935   
58,599   
13,773   
2,155   
1,008   
400   
—   

  $

289,209    $

(2,200)   $
95   
8,669   
166   
58,173   
4,097   
1,619   
8,993   
73   
5,729   
85,414    $

  $

  $

242,463    $
(13,773)  
(2,155)  
—   

226,535    $

187,876    $
(4,097)  
(1,619)  
(73)  
182,087    $

58,322 
248 
8,266 
17,670 
53,336 
2,419 
— 
365 
2,330 
63 
143,019 

191,405 
(2,419)
— 
(2,330)
186,656

(1)

(2)

Legal and environmental charges, net of recoveries, for legacy environmental matters including those related to the Portland Harbor Superfund site and to other legacy environmental loss
contingencies.  See  Note  9  -  Commitments  and  Contingencies,  "Portland  Harbor"  and  "Other  Legacy  Environmental  Loss  Contingencies"  in  the  Notes  to  the  Consolidated  Financial
Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report.
Charges related to legal settlements in fiscal 2021 relate to a claim by a utility provider for past charges, and in fiscal 2020 and fiscal 2019 relate to the settlement of a wage and hour class
action lawsuit.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Following are reconciliations of adjusted income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders and adjusted diluted earnings (loss) per
share from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders (in thousands, except per share data):

Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders:
As reported
Charges for legacy environmental matters, net(1)
Business development costs
Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities
Charges related to legal settlements(2)
Asset impairment charges, net
Income tax benefit allocated to adjustments(3)
Adjusted

Diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders:
As reported
Charges for legacy environmental matters, net, per share(1)
Business development costs, per share
Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities, per share
Charges related to legal settlements, per share(2)
Asset impairment charges, net, per share
Income tax benefit allocated to adjustments, per share(3)
Adjusted(4)

Year Ended August 31,
2020

2019

2021

  $

  $

  $

  $

165,191    $
13,773   
2,155   
1,008   
400   
—   
(3,712)  
178,815    $

5.66    $
0.47   
0.07   
0.03   
0.01   
—   
(0.13)  
6.13    $

(4,050)   $
4,097   
1,619   
8,993   
73   
5,729   
(4,494)  
11,967    $

(0.15)   $
0.15   
0.06   
0.32   
—   
0.21   
(0.16)  
0.43    $

56,593 
2,419 
— 
365 
2,330 
63 
(794)
60,976 

2.01 
0.09 
— 
0.01 
0.08 
— 
(0.03)
2.16

(1)

(2)

(3)

Legal and environmental charges, net of recoveries, for legacy environmental matters including those related to the Portland Harbor Superfund site and to other legacy environmental loss
contingencies.  See  Note  9  -  Commitments  and  Contingencies,  "Portland  Harbor"  and  "Other  Legacy  Environmental  Loss  Contingencies"  in  the  Notes  to  the  Consolidated  Financial
Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this report.
Charges related to legal settlements in fiscal 2021 relate to a claim by a utility provider for past charges, and in fiscal 2020 and fiscal 2019 relate to the settlement of a wage and hour class
action lawsuit.
Income tax allocated to the aggregate adjustments reconciling reported and adjusted income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders and diluted earnings (loss)
per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders is determined based on a tax provision calculated with and without the adjustments.

(4) May not foot due to rounding.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Commodity Price Risk

We are exposed to commodity price risk, mainly associated with variations in the market price for ferrous and nonferrous metals, including recycled metal,
finished  steel  products,  auto  bodies,  and  other  commodities.  The  timing  and  magnitude  of  industry  cycles  are  difficult  to  predict  and  are  impacted  by
general  economic  conditions.  We  respond  to  increases  and  decreases  in  forward  selling  prices  by  adjusting  purchase  prices.  We  actively  manage  our
exposure  to  commodity  price  risk  and  monitor  the  actual  and  expected  spread  between  forward  selling  prices  and  purchase  costs  and  processing  and
shipping expense. Sales contracts are based on prices negotiated with our customers, and generally orders are placed 30 to 60 days ahead of the shipment
date. However, financial results may be negatively impacted when forward selling prices fall more quickly than we can adjust purchase prices or when
customers  fail  to  meet  their  contractual  obligations.  We  assess  the  net  realizable  value  of  inventory  (“NRV”)  each  quarter  based  upon  contracted  sales
orders  and  estimates  of  future  selling  prices.  For  our  uncommitted  inventories,  a  10%  decrease  in  the  selling  price  of  inventory  would  not  have  had  a
material NRV impact as of August 31, 2021 and 2020.

Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to market risk associated with changes in interest rates related to our debt obligations. Our revolving credit facility is subject to variable
interest rates and therefore have exposure to changes in interest rates. If market interest rates had changed 10% from actual interest rate levels in fiscal 2021
or 2020, the effect on our interest expense and net income would not have been material.

Credit Risk

Credit risk relates to the risk of loss that might occur as a result of non-performance by counterparties of their contractual obligations to take delivery of
recycled metal and finished steel products and to make financial settlements of these obligations, or to provide sufficient quantities of recycled metal or
payment to settle advances, loans, and other contractual receivables in connection with demolition and scrap extraction projects. We manage our exposure
to credit risk through a variety of methods, including shipping recycled ferrous metal exports under letters of credit, collection of deposits prior to shipment
for certain nonferrous export customers, establishment of credit limits for certain sales on open terms, credit insurance, and designation of collateral and
financial guarantees securing advances, loans, and other contractual receivables. Due in part to the effects of COVID-19, we have experienced reductions
in the availability of credit insurance that we have historically used to cover a portion of our recycled metal and finished steel sales to domestic customers,
which reduced availability may increase our exposure to customer credit risk.

Historically, we have shipped almost all of our large shipments of recycled ferrous metal to foreign customers under contracts supported by letters of credit
issued  or  confirmed  by  banks  deemed  creditworthy.  The  letters  of  credit  ensure  payment  by  the  customer.  As  we  generally  sell  export  recycled  ferrous
metal  under  contracts  or  orders  that  generally  provide  for  shipment  within  30  to  60  days  after  the  price  is  agreed,  our  customers  typically  do  not  have
difficulty obtaining letters of credit from their banks in periods of rising ferrous prices, as the value of the letters of credit are collateralized by the value of
the inventory on the ship. However, in periods of significantly declining prices, our customers may not be able to obtain letters of credit for the full sales
value of the inventory to be shipped.

As  of  August  31,  2021  and  2020,  30%  and  40%,  respectively,  of  our  accounts  receivable  balance  were  covered  by  letters  of  credit.  Of  the  remaining
balance, 97% and 98% was less than 60 days past due as of August 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk, mainly associated with sales transactions and related accounts receivable denominated in the U.S.
Dollar by our Canadian subsidiary with a functional currency of the Canadian Dollar. In certain instances, we may use derivatives to manage some portion
of this risk. As of August 31, 2021 and 2020, we did not have any derivative contracts.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in
Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed
by,  or  under  the  supervision  of,  the  Company’s  principal  executive  and  principal  financial  officers  and  effected  by  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors,
management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

The Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that relate to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail,
accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and  dispositions  of  assets  of  the  Company;  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  transactions  are  recorded  as
necessary to permit the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and
that the receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorization of the Company’s management and directors; and
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company’s assets that could
have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projection of any evaluation of
effectiveness to future periods is subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance
with the policies and procedures may deteriorate.

Management of the Company assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting using the criteria established in Internal
Control  –  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (“COSO”).  Based  on  its
assessment, management determined that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of August 31, 2021.

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in
this Annual Report, also audited the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of August 31, 2021, as stated in their report
included herein.

Tamara L. Lundgren
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

  Richard D. Peach

Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Strategy
Officer

October 21, 2021

  October 21, 2021

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc.

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of August 31,
2021 and 2020, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of comprehensive income (loss), of equity and of cash flows for each of the three
years in the period ended August 31, 2021, including the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2)
(collectively  referred  to  as  the  “consolidated  financial  statements”).  We  also  have  audited  the  Company's  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of
August 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of
the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of
August 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended August 31, 2021 in conformity
with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of  America.  Also  in  our  opinion,  the  Company  maintained,  in  all  material  respects,
effective internal control over financial reporting as of August 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)
issued by the COSO.

Changes in Accounting Principles

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for leases as of September 1, 2019
and the manner in which it accounts for revenue from contracts with customers as of September 1, 2018.

Basis for Opinions

The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting,
and  for  its  assessment  of  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  included  in  the  accompanying  Management’s  Annual  Report  on
Internal  Control  Over  Financial  Reporting.  Our  responsibility  is  to  express  opinions  on  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  and  on  the
Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities
laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable
assurance  about  whether  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  free  of  material  misstatement,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  whether  effective
internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial
statements,  whether  due  to  error  or  fraud,  and  performing  procedures  that  respond  to  those  risks.  Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,
evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used
and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal
control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness
exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing
such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control
over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation  of  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  company  are
being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (iii)  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding
prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial
statements.

52 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of
effectiveness  to  future  periods  are  subject  to  the  risk  that  controls  may  become  inadequate  because  of  changes  in  conditions,  or  that  the  degree  of
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matters

The  critical  audit  matter  communicated  below  is  a  matter  arising  from  the  current  period  audit  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements  that  was
communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated
financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not
alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below,
providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Volume of Ferrous Metal Inventory

As described in Notes 2 and 4 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s processed and unprocessed scrap metal inventory was $165 million
as of August 31, 2021, which includes processed and unprocessed ferrous metal inventory, among other types of inventory. The accounting process the
Company uses to record ferrous scrap metal quantities relies on significant estimates. With respect to estimating the quantities of unprocessed ferrous scrap
metal inventory that are moved into production, management relies on weighed quantities of the processed ferrous material, adjusted for estimated metal
recoveries and yields that are based on historical trends and other judgments by management. Actual recoveries and yields can vary depending on product
quality,  moisture  content,  and  the  source  of  the  unprocessed  metal.  The  Company’s  estimates  are  intended  to  reasonably  reflect  the  quantities  of
unprocessed ferrous scrap metal that are used in the production of processed ferrous metal. To assist in validating the reasonableness of these estimates,
management  periodically  reviews  shrink  factors  and  performs  monthly  physical  inventories.  Due  to  the  inherent  nature  of  the  Company’s  scrap  metal
inventories, including variations in product density, holding period, and production processes utilized to manufacture the products, physical inventories will
not  necessarily  detect  all  variances  for  scrap  metal  inventory  such  that  estimates  of  quantities  are  required.  To  mitigate  this  risk,  the  Company  further
adjusts its ferrous physical inventories when the volume of a commodity is low and a physical inventory count is deemed to more accurately estimate the
remaining volume.

The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the volume of ferrous metal inventory is a critical audit matter are
(i) the significant judgment by management in the estimation of metal recoveries and yields specific to ferrous metal inventory volumes, and (ii) significant
auditor  judgment,  subjectivity,  and  effort  in  performing  our  audit  procedures  and  in  evaluating  audit  evidence  related  to  the  estimates  made  by
management.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated
financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to the estimation of metal recoveries and yields specific to
ferrous  metal  inventory  volumes.  These  procedures  also  included,  among  others,  testing  inventory  quantities  received,  assessing  the  reasonableness  of
management’s estimated yields by comparing them to actual yields of ultimate inventory recoveries, testing ferrous metal inventory shipments including
the  volume  ultimately  recovered,  observing  management’s  physical  inventory  counts,  assessing  rollforward  activity  between  the  time  of  the  inventory
counts and year-end, and considering whether evidence obtained in other areas of the audit is consistent with management’s estimates related to ferrous
metal inventory volumes.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Portland, Oregon
October 21, 2021

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1976, which includes periods before the Company became subject to SEC reporting requirements.

53 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
(Currency – U.S. Dollar)

August 31,

2021

2020

  $

  $

  $

Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable, net
Inventories
Refundable income taxes
Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Total current assets
Property, plant and equipment, net
Operating lease right-of-use assets
Investments in joint ventures
Goodwill
Intangibles, net
Deferred income taxes
Other assets

Total assets

Liabilities and Equity

Current liabilities:

Short-term borrowings
Accounts payable
Accrued payroll and related liabilities
Environmental liabilities
Operating lease liabilities
Accrued income taxes
Other accrued liabilities

Total current liabilities

Deferred income taxes
Long-term debt, net of current maturities
Environmental liabilities, net of current portion
Operating lease liabilities, net of current maturities
Other long-term liabilities

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. (“SSI”) shareholders’ equity:

Preferred stock – 20,000 shares $1.00 par value authorized, none issued
Class A common stock – 75,000 shares $1.00 par value authorized,
   27,332 and 26,899 shares issued and outstanding
Class B common stock – 25,000 shares $1.00 par value authorized,
   200 and 200 shares issued and outstanding
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Total SSI shareholders’ equity

Noncontrolling interests
Total equity

Total liabilities and equity

See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

54 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

  $

27,818    $

214,098   
256,427   
837   
43,934   
543,114   
562,674   
131,221   
12,844   
170,304   
3,980   
27,561   
42,665   
1,494,363    $

3,654    $

179,917   
69,622   
24,743   
21,417   
3,521   
49,976   
352,850   
40,593   
71,299   
52,385   
113,165   
24,292   
654,584   

—   

27,332   

200   
49,074   
793,712   
(34,554)  
835,764   
4,015   
839,779   
1,494,363    $

17,887 
139,147 
157,269 
18,253 
30,075 
362,631 
487,004 
140,584 
10,057 
169,627 
4,585 
27,152 
28,287 
1,229,927 

2,184 
106,676 
41,436 
6,302 
19,760 
— 
47,306 
223,664 
38,292 
102,235 
47,162 
125,001 
13,137 
549,491 

— 

26,899 

200 
36,616 
649,863 
(36,871)
676,707 
3,729 
680,436 
1,229,927

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
(Currency – U.S. Dollar)

Revenues
Operating expense:
Cost of goods sold
Selling, general and administrative
(Income) from joint ventures
Asset impairment charges, net
Restructuring charges and other exit-related activities

Operating income
Interest expense
Other (expense) income, net
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes
Income tax expense
Income (loss) from continuing operations
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
Net income (loss)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
Net income (loss) attributable to SSI shareholders

Net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI shareholders:
Basic:

Income (loss) per share from continuing operations
Net income (loss) per share

Diluted:

Income (loss) per share from continuing operations
Net income (loss) per share

Weighted average number of common shares:

Basic
Diluted

2021

Year Ended August 31,
2020

2019

  $

2,758,551    $

1,712,343    $

2,132,781 

2,305,357   
242,463   
(4,006)  
—   
1,008   
213,729   
(5,285)  
(455)  
207,989   
(37,935)  
170,054   
(79)  
169,975   
(4,863)  
165,112    $

1,503,725   
187,876   
(834)  
5,729   
8,993   
6,854   
(8,669)  
(124)  
(1,939)  
(166)  
(2,105)  
(95)  
(2,200)  
(1,945)  
(4,145)   $

5.90    $
5.90    $

5.66    $
5.66    $

(0.15)   $
(0.15)   $

(0.15)   $
(0.15)   $

27,982   
29,193   

27,672 
27,672 

1,858,535 
191,405 
(1,452)
63 
365 
83,865 
(8,266)
641 
76,240 
(17,670)
58,570 
(248)
58,322 
(1,977)
56,345 

2.06 
2.05 

2.01 
2.00 

27,527 
28,222

  $

  $
  $

  $
  $

See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

55 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(In thousands)
(Currency – U.S. Dollar)

Net income (loss)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Pension obligations, net

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Comprehensive income (loss)

Less comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to SSI shareholders

  $

2021

Year Ended August 31,
2020

2019

  $

169,975    $

(2,200)   $

58,322 

2,575   
(258)  
2,317   
172,292   
(4,863)  
167,429    $

1,505   
387   
1,892   
(308)  
(1,945)  
(2,253)   $

(1,560)
34 
(1,526)
56,796 
(1,977)
54,819

See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

56 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
(Currency – U.S. Dollar)

Common Stock

Class A

Class B

  Shares  

  Amount  

  Shares  

  Amount  

  Additional     
  Paid-in     Retained     Comprehensive     Shareholders’    Noncontrolling    Total
  Capital

    Earnings    

Total SSI

Interests

Equity

Loss

    Accumulated      
Other

200    $
—     
—     

200    $
—     
—     

36,929    $ 639,684    $
—      56,345     
—     
—     

(37,237)   $
—     
(1,526)    

666,078    $
56,345     
(1,526)    

    Equity  
4,032    $ 670,110 
1,977      58,322 
(1,526)

—     

—     

—     

—     

—     
—     

    26,464      26,464     

(527)    
(278)    
767     
—     
—     

(527)    
(278)    
767     
—     
—     

Balance as of September 1, 2018     26,502    $ 26,502     
—     
Net income
—     
Other comprehensive loss, net of
tax
Distributions to noncontrolling
interests
Share repurchases
Restricted stock withheld for taxes    
Issuance of restricted stock
Share-based compensation cost
Dividends ($0.75 per common
share)
Balance as of August 31, 2019
Cumulative effect on adoption of
new
    accounting guidance for leases,
—     
net of tax
Balance as of September 1, 2019     26,464      26,464     
—     
Net (loss) income
—     
Other comprehensive income, net
of tax
Distributions to noncontrolling
interests
Share repurchases
Issuance of restricted stock
Restricted stock withheld for taxes    
Share-based compensation cost
Dividends ($0.75 per common
share)
Balance as of August 31, 2020
Net income
Other comprehensive income, net
of tax
Distributions to noncontrolling
interests
Issuance of restricted stock
Restricted stock withheld for taxes    
Share-based compensation cost
Dividends ($0.75 per common
share)
Balance as of August 31, 2021

—     
    27,332    $ 27,332     

    26,899      26,899     
—     

(53)    
762     
(274)    
—     
— 

(53)    
762     
(274)    
—     
— 

—     
657     
(224)    
—     

—     
657     
(224)    
—     

—     
—     

—     

—     

—     

—     

—     

—     

—     

—     

—     

—     

—     
—     
—     
—     
—     

—     
—     
—     
—     
—     

(12,556)    
(7,206)    
(767)    
17,300     

—     
—     
—     
—     
—      (20,666)    

—     

—     
—     
—     
—     
—     

—     

(1,677)    

(1,677)

(13,083)    
(7,484)    
—     
17,300     
(20,666)    

—      (13,083)
(7,484)
—     
—     
— 
—      17,300 
—      (20,666)

200     

200     

33,700      675,363     

(38,763)    

696,964     

4,332      701,296 

—     
200     
—     
—     

—     
200     
—     
—     

—     

(463)    
33,700      674,900     
(4,145)    
—     

—     
—     

—     

—     

—     

—     

—     
—     
—     
—     
— 

—     
—     
—     
—     
— 

(861)    
(762)    
(5,571)    
10,110     
— 

—     
—     
—     
—     

  (20,892)

—     
(38,763)    
—     
1,892     

(463)    
696,501     
(4,145)    
1,892     

—     

(463)
4,332      700,833 
(2,200)
1,945     
1,892 
—     

—     

—     
—     
—     
—     
— 

—     

(2,548)    

(2,548)

(914)    
—     
(5,845)    
10,110     
(20,892)

—     
—     
—     
—     
— 

(914)
— 
(5,845)
10,110 
  (20,892)

200     
—     

200     
—     

36,616      649,863     
—      165,112     

(36,871)    
—     

676,707     
165,112     

3,729      680,436 
4,863      169,975 

—     

—     

—     

—     

2,317     

2,317     

—     

2,317 

—     
—     
—     
—     

—     
—     
—     
—     

—     
(657)    
(5,414)    
18,529     

—     
—     
—     
—     

—     
—     
—     
—     

—     
—     
(5,638)    
18,529     

(4,577)
(4,577)    
— 
—     
—     
(5,638)
—      18,529 

—     
200    $

—     
200    $

—      (21,263)    
49,074    $ 793,712    $

—     
(34,554)   $

(21,263)    
835,764    $

—      (21,263)
4,015    $ 839,779  

See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

57 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
       
       
       
     
 
       
 
     
 
       
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
     
 
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Currency – U.S. Dollar)

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash provided by operating activities:

2021

Year Ended August 31,
2020

2019

  $

169,975    $

(2,200)   $

58,322 

Asset impairment charges, net of recoveries
Exit-related asset impairments
Depreciation and amortization
Inventory write-downs
Deferred income taxes
Undistributed equity in earnings of joint ventures
Share-based compensation expense
Loss (gain) on the disposal of assets, net
Unrealized foreign exchange loss (gain), net
Credit loss, net

Changes in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:

Accounts receivable
Inventories
Income taxes
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Other long-term assets
Operating lease assets and liabilities
Accounts payable
Accrued payroll and related liabilities
Other accrued liabilities
Environmental liabilities
Other long-term liabilities
Distributed equity in earnings of joint ventures

Net cash provided by operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities:

Capital expenditures
Acquisitions
Joint venture receipts, net
Proceeds from sale of assets
Deposit on land option

Net cash used in investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings from long-term debt
Repayments of long-term debt
Payment of debt issuance costs
Repurchase of Class A common stock
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of share-based payment awards
Distributions to noncontrolling interests
Dividends paid

Net cash used in financing activities
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents as of beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents as of end of year

  $

—   
—   
58,599   
—   
6,884   
(4,006)  
18,213   
717   
127   
—   

(84,086)  
(88,622)  
22,789   
(15,674)  
(5,402)  
(813)  
64,956   
27,824   
613   
12,895   
3,825   
1,250   
190,064   

(118,866)  
—   
—   
587   
630   
(117,649)  

546,706   
(578,030)  
(23)  
—   
(5,638)  
(4,577)  
(21,259)  
(62,821)  
337   
9,931   
17,887   
27,818    $

5,729   
971   
58,173   
—   
15,096   
(834)  
10,033   
530   
(67)  
66   

(2,252)  
39,226   
(15,433)  
63   
(216)  
334   
(7,971)  
13,465   
7,148   
1,602   
134   
1,000   
124,597   

(82,005)  
—   
—   
1,290   
1,860   
(78,855)  

690,162   
(698,492)  
(1,983)  
(914)  
(5,845)  
(2,548)  
(20,884)  
(40,504)  
272   
5,510   
12,377   
17,887    $

63 
23 
53,336 
775 
14,613 
(1,452)
17,300 
(1,545)
148 
74 

9,478 
33,466 
(1,158)
(859)
1,167 
— 
(17,068)
(19,117)
(3,560)
(2,476)
518 
2,692 
144,740 

(94,613)
(1,553)
641 
4,070 
1,890 
(89,565)

431,048 
(435,353)
(102)
(13,083)
(7,484)
(1,677)
(20,615)
(47,266)
(255)
7,654 
4,723 
12,377

See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

58 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
(In thousands)
(Currency – U.S. Dollar)

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES:
Cash paid during the year for:

Interest
Income taxes, net

Schedule of noncash investing and financing transactions:

Purchases of property, plant and equipment included in liabilities

2021

Year Ended August 31,
2020

2019

  $
  $

  $

2,669    $
8,244    $

5,503    $
478    $

6,191 
3,527 

29,337    $

27,319    $

17,191

See Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

59 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1 - Nature of Operations

Founded  in  1906,  Schnitzer  Steel  Industries,  Inc.,  an  Oregon  corporation,  is  one  of  North  America’s  largest  recyclers  of  ferrous  and  nonferrous  metal,
including end-of-life vehicles, and a manufacturer of finished steel products. Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, together, are
referred to as the Company.

The Company acquires and recycles ferrous and nonferrous scrap metal for sale to foreign and domestic metal producers, processors, and brokers, and it
procures salvaged vehicles and sells serviceable used auto parts from these vehicles through a network of self-service auto parts stores. Most of these auto
parts stores supply the Company’s shredding facilities with auto bodies that are processed into saleable recycled metal products. In addition to the sale of
recycled metal products processed at its facilities, the Company provides a variety of recycling and related services. The Company also produces a range of
finished steel long products at its electric arc furnace (“EAF”) steel mill using recycled ferrous metal sourced internally from its recycling and joint venture
operations and other raw materials.

As of August 31, 2021, all of the Company’s facilities were located in the United States (“U.S.”) and its territories and Canada.

Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. and its majority-owned and wholly-owned subsidiaries. The
equity method of accounting is used for investments in joint ventures over which the Company has significant influence but does not have effective control.
All  significant  intercompany  account  balances,  transactions,  profits,  and  losses  have  been  eliminated.  All  transactions  and  relationships  with  variable
interest entities are evaluated to determine whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of the entities, therefore requiring consolidation. The Company
does not have any variable interest entities requiring consolidation.

Segment Reporting

The accounting standards for reporting information about operating segments define an operating segment as a component of an enterprise that engages in
business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses for which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by
the chief operating decision-maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.

Prior to the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company’s internal organizational and reporting structure included two operating and reportable segments: the
Auto and Metals Recycling (“AMR”) business and the Cascade Steel and Scrap (“CSS”) business. In the first quarter of fiscal 2021, in accordance with its
plan announced in April 2020, the Company completed its transition to a new internal organizational and reporting structure reflecting a functionally-based,
integrated  model.  The  Company  consolidated  its  operations,  sales,  services,  and  other  functional  capabilities  at  an  enterprise  level  reflecting  enhanced
focus by management on optimizing the Company’s vertically integrated value chain. This change resulted in a realignment of how the Chief Executive
Officer, who is considered the Company’s chief operating decision-maker, reviews performance and makes decisions on resource allocation, supporting a
single segment. The Company began reporting on this new single-segment structure in the first quarter of fiscal 2021.

Accounting Changes

As  of  the  beginning  of  the  first  quarter  of  fiscal  2020,  the  Company  adopted  an  accounting  standards  update  that  requires  a  lessee  to  recognize  a  lease
liability and a lease right-of-use asset on its balance sheet for all leases greater than 12 months, including those classified as operating leases. The Company
adopted the new lease accounting standard using the modified retrospective transition method, whereby it applied the new requirements by recognizing a
cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of September 1, 2019. Such cumulative-effect adjustment for the Company was
less than $1 million, which is presented separately in the Consolidated Statements of Equity. Adoption using the modified retrospective transition method
did not have an impact on any prior period earnings of the Company, and no comparative prior periods were adjusted for the new guidance. See Note 5 -
Leases for the disclosures required under the new standard.

As of the beginning of the first quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company adopted an accounting standards update that clarifies the principles for recognizing
revenue  from  contracts  with  customers.  The  Company  adopted  the  accounting  standard  using  the  modified  retrospective  approach  and  recorded  no
cumulative-effect  adjustment  to  the  opening  balance  of  retained  earnings  as  of  September  1,  2018.  See  Note  11  -  Revenue  for  the  disclosures  required
under the new standard.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include short-term securities that are not restricted by third parties and have an original maturity date of 90 days or less. Included
in accounts payable are book overdrafts representing outstanding checks in excess of funds on deposit of $47 million and $20 million as of August 31,
2021 and 2020, respectively.

Accounts Receivable, net

Accounts  receivable  represent  amounts  primarily  due  from  customers  on  product  and  other  sales.  These  accounts  receivable,  which  are  reduced  by  an
allowance  for  credit  losses,  are  recorded  at  the  invoiced  amount  and  do  not  bear  interest.  The  Company  extends  credit  to  customers  under  contracts
containing customary and explicit payment terms, and payment is generally required within 30 to 60 days of shipment. Nonferrous export sales typically
require  a  deposit  prior  to  shipment.  Historically,  almost  all  of  the  Company’s  ferrous  export  sales  have  been  made  with  letters  of  credit.  Ferrous  and
nonferrous metal sales to domestic customers and finished steel sales are generally made on open account, and a portion of these sales are covered by credit
insurance.

The  Company  evaluates  the  collectibility  of  its  accounts  receivable  based  on  a  combination  of  factors,  including  whether  sales  were  made  pursuant  to
letters of credit. Management evaluates the aging of customer receivable balances, the financial condition of the Company’s customers, historical collection
rates, and economic trends to estimate the amount of customer receivables that may not be collected in the future and records a provision for expected
credit losses. Accounts are written off when all efforts to collect have been exhausted. The allowance for credit losses was $2 million as of both of August
31, 2021 and 2020.

Also  included  in  accounts  receivable  are  short-term  advances  to  scrap  metal  suppliers  used  as  a  mechanism  to  acquire  unprocessed  scrap  metal.  The
advances are generally repaid with scrap metal, as opposed to cash. Repayments of advances with scrap metal are treated as noncash operating activities in
the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and totaled $10 million, $9 million, and $15 million for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and
2019, respectively.

Inventories

The Company’s inventories consist of processed and unprocessed scrap metal (ferrous, nonferrous, and mixed nonferrous recovered joint products arising
from  the  manufacturing  process),  semi-finished  steel  products  (billets),  finished  steel  products  (primarily  rebar,  wire  rod,  and  merchant  bar),  used  and
salvaged  vehicles,  and  supplies.  Inventories  are  stated  at  the  lower  of  cost  and  net  realizable  value.  The  Company  determines  the  cost  of  ferrous  and
nonferrous scrap metal inventories using the average cost method and capitalizes substantially all direct processing costs and facility costs into inventory.
The  Company  allocates  material  and  production  costs  to  joint  products  using  the  gross  margin  method.  The  Company  determines  the  cost  of  used  and
salvaged vehicle inventory at its auto parts stores, which is reported within finished goods, based on the average price the Company pays for a vehicle and
capitalizes the vehicle cost and substantially all production costs into inventory. The Company determines the cost of its semi-finished and finished steel
product  inventories  based  on  average  costs  and  capitalizes  all  direct  and  indirect  costs  of  manufacturing  into  inventory.  Indirect  costs  of  manufacturing
include general plant costs, maintenance, and facility costs. The Company determines the cost of the substantial majority of its supplies inventory using the
average  cost  method  and  reduces  the  carrying  value  for  losses  due  to  obsolescence.  Fixed  manufacturing  costs  incurred  in  periods  of  abnormally  low
production are expensed. The Company considers estimated future selling prices when determining the estimated net realizable value of its inventory. As
the Company generally sells its recycled ferrous metal under contracts that provide for shipment within 30 to 60 days after the price is agreed, it utilizes the
selling prices under committed contracts and sales orders for determining the estimated net realizable value of quantities on hand that will be shipped under
these contracts and sales orders.

The accounting process the Company uses to record ferrous scrap metal quantities relies on significant estimates. With respect to estimating the quantities
of unprocessed ferrous scrap metal inventory that are moved into production, management relies on weighed quantities of the processed ferrous material,
adjusted for estimated metal recoveries and yields that are based on historical trends and other judgments by management. Actual recoveries and yields can
vary depending on product quality, moisture content, and the source of the unprocessed metal. The Company’s estimates are intended to reasonably reflect
the quantities of unprocessed ferrous scrap metal that are used in the production of processed ferrous metal. To assist in validating the reasonableness of
these estimates, management periodically reviews shrink factors and performs monthly physical inventories. Due to the inherent nature of the Company’s
scrap metal inventories, including variations in product density, holding period, and production processes utilized to manufacture the products, physical
inventories  will  not  necessarily  detect  all  variances  for  scrap  metal  inventory  such  that  estimates  of  quantities  are  required.  To  mitigate  this  risk,  the
Company  further  adjusts  its  ferrous  physical  inventories  when  the  volume  of  a  commodity  is  low  and  a  physical  inventory  count  is  deemed  to  more
accurately estimate the remaining volume.

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Leases

SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Company enters into leases to obtain access to real property, machinery, and equipment assets. Most of the Company’s lease obligations relate to real
property leases for the Company’s operating sites, including the substantial majority of its auto parts stores, and for the Company’s administrative offices.
The Company determines whether an arrangement contains a lease at inception by assessing whether it receives the right to direct the use of and obtain
substantially  all  of  the  economic  benefit  from  use  of  the  underlying  asset.  Lease  classification,  measurement,  and  recognition  are  determined  at  lease
commencement, which is the date the underlying asset is available for use by the Company. The accounting classification of a lease is based on whether the
arrangement is effectively a financed purchase of the underlying asset (finance lease) or not (operating lease). Leases that, at lease commencement, have a
non-cancellable lease term of 12 months or less and do not include an option to either purchase the underlying asset or renew the lease beyond 12 months
that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise are classified as short-term leases and are not recognized on the balance sheet.

For  leases  other  than  short-term  leases,  the  Company  recognizes  right-of-use  assets  and  lease  liabilities  based  primarily  on  the  present  value  of  future
minimum lease payments over the lease term at lease commencement. Right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use the underlying asset during
the lease term, while lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make future lease payments. The lease term is the non-cancellable period of the
lease, together with periods covered by renewal (or termination) options which the Company is reasonably certain to exercise (or not to exercise). Lease
payments  are  discounted  to  present  value  using  the  Company’s  incremental  borrowing  rate  unless  the  discount  rate  implicit  in  the  lease  is  readily
determinable. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate for each lease is the estimated rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow the
aggregate lease payments on a collateralized basis over the lease term. Estimation of the incremental borrowing rate requires judgment by management and
reflects an assessment of the Company’s credit standing to derive an implied secured credit rating and corresponding yield curve. The Company used the
incremental borrowing rate to recognize all operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities as of the new lease accounting standard application date of
September  1,  2019.  Right-of-use  assets  and  lease  liabilities  are  subject  to  remeasurement  after  lease  commencement  when  certain  events  or  changes  in
circumstances  arise,  such  as  a  change  in  the  lease  term  due  to  reassessment  of  whether  the  Company  is  reasonably  certain  to  exercise  a  renewal  or
termination option.

For operating leases, lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For finance leases, the lease right-of-use asset is amortized on
a straight-line basis and interest expense is recognized on the lease liability using the effective interest rate method. Many of the Company’s real property
leases contain variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, which are included in the measurement of the right-of-use asset and lease liability
using the index or rate at lease commencement, or with respect to the Company’s transition to the new lease accounting standard the index or rate at the
application date. Subsequent changes in variable lease payments are recorded as variable lease expenses during the period in which they are incurred. The
Company elected a practical expedient to not separate lease and related non-lease components for accounting purposes and, thus, costs related to such non-
lease components are disclosed as lease expense. Payments for short-term leases are recognized in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the
lease term. See Note 5 - Leases for further detail.

The  Company  leases  machinery  assets  to  customers  primarily  to  facilitate  the  provision  of  recycling  services.  For  the  periods  presented,  such  lessor
arrangements were classified as operating leases, whereby the Company keeps the asset underlying the lease on its balance sheet and depreciates the asset
based  on  its  estimated  useful  life.  The  Company  recognizes  lease  income  for  these  operating  leases  on  a  straight-line  basis  within  revenues  in  the
Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations.  As  of  August  31,  2021  and  2020,  property,  plant  and  equipment,  net,  as  reported  in  the  Consolidated  Balance
Sheets,  included  machinery  assets  underlying  these  operating  leases  with  a  carrying  value  of  $11  million  and  $3  million,  respectively.  Lease  income
derived from these operating leases was not material to any of the periods presented.

Property, Plant and Equipment, net

Property,  plant  and  equipment  are  recorded  at  cost.  Expenditures  for  major  additions  and  improvements  are  capitalized,  while  routine  repair  and
maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Interest cost related to the construction of qualifying assets is capitalized as part of the construction costs and
was  not  material  to  any  of  the  periods  presented.  When  assets  are  retired  or  sold,  the  related  cost  and  accumulated  depreciation  are  removed  from  the
accounts  and  resulting  gains  or  losses  are  generally  included  in  operating  expense.  Gains  and  losses  from  sales  of  assets  related  to  an  exit  activity  are
reported within restructuring charges and other exit-related activities in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Depreciation is recorded on a straight-
line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Upon idling an asset, depreciation continues to be recorded. Leasehold improvements are amortized
over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the remaining lease term.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of August 31, 2021, the useful lives used for depreciation and amortization were as follows:

Machinery and equipment
Land improvements
Buildings and leasehold improvements
Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) systems
Office equipment and other software licenses

Prepaid Expenses

Useful Life
(in years)
3 to 40
3 to 35
5 to 40
6 to 17
3 to 10

The Company’s prepaid expenses, reported within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, totaled  $22 million and
$23 million as of August 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and consisted primarily of prepaid insurance, deposits on capital projects, prepaid services, and
prepaid property taxes.

Other Assets

The Company’s other assets, exclusive of prepaid expenses and assets relating to certain employee benefit plans, consisted primarily of receivables from
insurers, capitalized implementation costs for cloud computing arrangements, major spare parts and equipment, cash held in a client trust account relating
to a legal settlement, an equity investment, debt issuance costs, and notes and other contractual receivables. Other assets are reported within either prepaid
expenses  and  other  current  assets  or  other  assets  in  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets  based  on  their  expected  use  either  during  or  beyond  the  current
operating  cycle  of  one  year  from  the  reporting  date.  See  Note  12  –  Employee  Benefits  for  further  detail  on  the  Company’s  assets  relating  to  employee
benefit plans.

Receivables  from  insurers  represent  the  portion  of  insured  losses  expected  to  be  recovered  from  the  Company’s  insurance  carriers.  The  receivable  is
recorded at an amount not to exceed the recorded loss and only if the terms of legally enforceable insurance contracts support that the insurance recovery
will not be disputed and is deemed collectible. Receivables from insurers totaled $21 million and $5 million as of August 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
As of August 31, 2021, receivables from insurers comprised primarily $10 million relating to property damage and other claims in connection with the May
2021 fire at the Company’s melt shop operations, $6 million relating to environmental claims, and $4 million relating to workers’ compensation claims. As
of August 31, 2020, receivables from insurers comprised primarily $4 million relating to workers’ compensation claims. See “Accounting for Impacts of
Steel Mill Fire” below in this Note for further discussion of receivables from insurers relating to property damage and business interruption claims.

Other assets as of August 31, 2021 also included approximately $7.6 million in cash deposited into a client trust account in the second quarter of fiscal
2021 to fund the remediation of a site a portion of which was previously leased to and operated by an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary. The cash was
deposited into the client trust account by other potentially liable parties in connection with settlement of a lawsuit relating to allocation of the remediation
costs,  including  agreement  by  the  Company’s  subsidiary  to  perform  certain  remedial  actions.  See  “Other  Legacy  Environmental  Loss  Contingencies”
within “Contingencies – Environmental” in Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies for further discussion of this matter.

The Company invested $6 million in the equity of a privately-held waste and recycling entity in fiscal 2017. The equity investment does not have a readily
determinable fair value and, therefore, is carried at cost and adjusted for impairments and observable price changes. The investment is reported within other
assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The carrying value of the investment was $6 million as of August 31, 2021 and 2020. The Company has not
recorded any impairments or upward or downward adjustments to the carrying value of the investment since acquisition.

The Company’s cloud computing arrangements primarily comprise hosting arrangements which are service contracts, whereby the Company gains remote
access to use enterprise software hosted by the vendor or another third party on an as-needed basis for a period of time in exchange for a subscription fee.
Subscription fees are usually prepaid and recorded in operating expense over the period that the Company has access to use the software. Implementation
costs  for  cloud  computing  arrangements  are  capitalized  if  certain  criteria  are  met  and  consist  of  internal  and  external  costs  directly  attributable  to
developing and configuring cloud computing software for its intended use. Amortization of capitalized implementation costs is recorded on a straight-line
basis over the term of the cloud computing arrangement, which is the non-cancellable period of the agreement, together with periods covered by renewal
options which the Company is reasonably certain to exercise.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Debt issuance costs consist primarily of costs incurred by the Company to enter or modify its credit facilities. The Company reports deferred debt issuance
costs within other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortizes them to interest expense on a straight-line basis over the contractual term of the
arrangement.

Notes  and  other  contractual  receivables  consist  primarily  of  advances  to  entities  in  the  business  of  extracting  scrap  metal  through  demolition  and  other
activities.  Repayment  of  these  advances  to  suppliers  is  in  either  cash  or  scrap  metal.  The  Company  performs  periodic  reviews  of  its  notes  and  other
contractual receivables to identify credit risks and to assess the overall collectibility of the receivables, which typically involves consideration of the value
of collateral which in the case of advances to suppliers is generally in the form of scrap metal extracted from demolition and construction projects. A note
or other contractual receivable is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to
collect all amounts due in accordance with the contractual terms of the agreement. If the carrying value of the receivable exceeds its recoverable amount, an
impairment is recorded for the difference.

Accounting for Impacts of Steel Mill Fire

Assets destroyed or damaged as a result of involuntary events are written off or reduced in carrying value to their salvage value. When recovery of all or a
portion  of  the  amount  of  property  damage  loss  or  other  covered  expenses  through  insurance  proceeds  is  demonstrated  to  be  probable,  a  receivable  is
recorded and offsets the loss or expense up to the amount of the total loss or expense. No gain is recorded until all contingencies related to the insurance
claim have been resolved.

On May 22, 2021, the Company experienced a fire at its steel mill in McMinnville, Oregon. Direct physical loss or damage to property from the incident
was limited to the mill’s melt shop, with no bodily injuries and no physical loss or damage to other buildings or equipment. The rolling mill production
ceased in early June 2021. In August 2021, the steel mill began ramping up production following the substantial completion of replacement and repairs of
property and equipment in the melt shop that had been lost or damaged by the fire. Impacts on business income are expected to continue during the ramp-
up phase and may continue thereafter. The Company filed initial insurance claims for the property that experienced physical loss or damage and business
income losses resulting from the matter. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company recognized an initial $10 million insurance receivable and related
insurance recovery gain, reported within prepaid expenses and other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and within cost of goods sold in the
Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations,  respectively,  primarily  offsetting  applicable  losses  including  capital  purchases  of  $10  million  that  had  been
incurred by the Company as of August 31, 2021. See “Steel Mill Fire” in Note 18 – Subsequent Events for disclosure of a subsequent event related to this
matter.

Long-Lived Assets

The  Company  tests  long-lived  tangible  and  intangible  assets  for  impairment  at  the  asset  group  level,  which  is  determined  based  on  the  lowest  level  for
which  identifiable  cash  flows  are  largely  independent  of  the  cash  flows  of  other  groups  of  assets  and  liabilities.  Operating  lease  right-of-use  assets  are
considered long-lived assets subject to this impairment testing. The segment realignment completed in the first quarter of fiscal 2021 described above in
this Note under “Segment Reporting” did not significantly impact the composition of the Company’s asset groups. For the Company’s metals recycling
operations,  an  asset  group  generally  consists  of  the  regional  shredding  and  export  operation  along  with  surrounding  feeder  operations,  except  that  the
combined Oregon metals recycling and steel manufacturing operations is a single asset group. For regions with no shredding and export operations, each
metals recycling facility is an asset group. For the Company’s auto parts operations, generally each auto parts store is an asset group. The Company tests its
asset groups for impairment when certain triggering events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset group may be impaired.
If the carrying value of the asset group is not recoverable because it exceeds the Company’s estimate of future undiscounted cash flows from the use and
eventual disposition of the asset group, an impairment loss is recognized by the amount the carrying value exceeds its fair value, if any. The impairment
loss is allocated to the long-lived assets of the group on a pro rata basis using the relative carrying amounts of those assets, except that the loss allocated to
an individual long-lived asset of the group shall not reduce the carrying amount of that asset below its fair value. Fair value is determined using one or
more of the income, market, or cost approaches, depending on the nature of the asset group.

With  respect  to  individual  long-lived  assets,  changes  in  circumstances  may  merit  a  change  in  the  estimated  useful  lives  or  salvage  values  of  the  assets,
which are accounted for prospectively in the period of change. For such assets, the useful life is shortened based on the Company’s plans to dispose of or
abandon the asset before the end of its original useful life and depreciation is accelerated beginning when that determination is made.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Long-lived asset impairment charges (recoveries) and accelerated depreciation are reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations within (1) asset
impairment charges, net and (2) restructuring charges and other exit-related activities if related to a site closure. During fiscal 2020, the Company reported
$6  million  of  such  items  within  asset  impairment  charges,  net,  comprising  primarily  $2  million  related  to  abandonment  of  obsolete  machinery  and
equipment assets, $2 million related to impairment of two auto parts stores, and $2 million related to accelerated depreciation due to the shortening of the
useful lives of certain metals recovery assets.

Investments in Joint Ventures

As of August 31, 2021, the Company had two 50%-owned joint venture interests which were accounted for under the equity method of accounting. One of
the joint ventures sells recycled metal to the Company’s operations at prices that approximate local market rates, which produces intercompany profit. This
intercompany profit is eliminated while the products remain in inventory and is not recognized until the finished products are sold to third parties. As of
August 31, 2021, the Company’s investments in equity method joint ventures have generated $11 million in cumulative undistributed earnings.

A loss in value of an investment in a joint venture is recognized when the decline is other than temporary. Management considers all available evidence to
evaluate the realizable value of its investments including the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, the financial
condition and near-term prospects of the joint venture business, and the Company’s intent and ability to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient
to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. Once management determines that an other-than-temporary impairment exists, the investment is written
down to its fair value, which establishes a new cost basis. The Company determines fair value using Level 3 inputs under the fair value hierarchy using an
income approach based on a discounted cash flow analysis. See Note 17 - Related Party Transactions for further detail on transactions with joint ventures.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the net amount of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination
measured  at  fair  value.  The  Company  evaluates  goodwill  for  impairment  annually  on  July  1  and  upon  the  occurrence  of  certain  triggering  events  or
substantive changes in circumstances that indicate that the fair value of goodwill may be impaired. Impairment of goodwill is tested at the reporting unit
level.  A  reporting  unit  is  an  operating  segment  or  one  level  below  an  operating  segment  (referred  to  as  a  “component”).  A  component  of  an  operating
segment is required to be identified as a reporting unit if the component is a business for which discrete financial information is available and segment
management regularly reviews its operating results.

When  testing  goodwill  for  impairment,  the  Company  has  the  option  to  first  assess  qualitative  factors  to  determine  whether  the  existence  of  events  or
circumstances leads to a determination that it is more-likely-than-not that the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the
Company elects to perform a qualitative assessment and determines that an impairment is more-likely-than-not, the Company is then required to perform
the  quantitative  impairment  test,  otherwise  no  further  analysis  is  required.  The  Company  also  may  elect  not  to  perform  the  qualitative  assessment  and,
instead,  proceed  directly  to  the  quantitative  impairment  test.  When  performing  the  quantitative  impairment  test,  the  Company  applies  a  one-step
quantitative test and records the amount of goodwill impairment as the excess of a reporting unit’s carrying amount over its fair value, not to exceed the
total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

When the Company performs a quantitative goodwill impairment test, it estimates the fair value of the reporting unit using an income approach based on
the present value of expected future cash flows, including terminal value, utilizing a market-based weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) determined
separately for the reporting unit. The determination of fair value involves the use of estimates and assumptions, including revenue growth rates driven by
future ferrous and nonferrous commodity price and sales volume expectations, gross margins, selling, general, and administrative expense relative to total
revenues,  capital  expenditures,  working  capital  requirements,  discount  rate  (WACC),  tax  rate,  terminal  growth  rate,  benefits  associated  with  a  taxable
transaction, and synergistic benefits available to market participants. In addition, to corroborate the reporting units’ valuation, the Company uses a market
approach based on earnings multiple data and a reconciliation of the Company’s estimate of the aggregate fair value of all reporting units to the Company’s
market  capitalization,  including  consideration  of  a  control  premium.  The  Company  did  not  record  goodwill  impairment  charges  in  any  of  the  periods
presented.

The Company tests indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment by first assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform a
quantitative  impairment  test.  If  the  Company  believes,  as  a  result  of  its  qualitative  assessment,  that  it  is  more-likely-than-not  that  the  fair  value  of  the
indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount, the quantitative impairment test is required. Otherwise, no further testing is required. The
Company  did  not  record  impairment  charges  on  indefinite-lived  intangible  assets  in  any  of  the  periods  presented.  See  Note  7  -  Goodwill  and  Other
Intangible Assets, net for further detail.

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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Business Acquisitions

The Company recognizes the assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree at the acquisition date, measured at
their fair values as of that date. Contingent purchase consideration is recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition. Any excess purchase price over the
fair value of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Within one year from the date of acquisition, the Company may update the value allocated to
the assets acquired and liabilities assumed and the resulting goodwill balance as a result of information received regarding the valuation of such assets and
liabilities  that  was  not  available  at  the  time  of  purchase.  Measuring  assets  and  liabilities  at  fair  value  requires  the  Company  to  determine  the  price  that
would be paid by a third-party market participant based on the highest and best use of the assets or interests acquired. Acquisition costs are expensed as
incurred.

The Company acquired certain assets of an auto recycling business in northern California in fiscal 2019. The acquisition was not material to the Company’s
financial  position  or  results  of  operations.  Pro  forma  operating  results  for  the  acquisition  are  not  presented  because  the  aggregate  results  would  not  be
significantly  different  than  reported  results.  There  were  no  business  acquisitions  completed  in  fiscal  2021  or  2020.  See  “Acquisition  of  Columbus
Recycling” in Note 18 – Subsequent Events for disclosure of a subsequent event related to business acquisitions.

Restructuring Charges and Other Exit-Related Activities

Restructuring charges consist of severance, contract termination, and other restructuring-related costs. A liability for severance costs is typically recognized
when the plan of termination has been communicated to the affected employees and is measured at its fair value at the communication date. A liability for
contract termination or other restructuring-related costs is measured at its fair value in the period in which the liability is incurred. Exit-related activities
consist primarily of asset impairments in connection with closure of certain operations and sites, net of gains on exit-related disposals.

Accrued Workers’ Compensation Costs

The Company is self-insured for the significant majority of workers’ compensation claims with exposure limited by various stop-loss insurance policies.
The  Company  estimates  the  costs  of  workers’  compensation  claims  based  on  the  nature  of  the  injury  incurred  and  on  guidelines  established  by  the
applicable state. An accrual is recorded based upon the amount of unpaid claims as of the balance sheet date. Accrued amounts recorded for individual
claims are reviewed periodically as treatment progresses and adjusted to reflect additional information that becomes available. The estimated cost of claims
incurred  but  not  reported  is  included  in  the  accrual.  The  Company  accrued  $7  million  and  $8  million  for  the  estimated  cost  of  unpaid  workers’
compensation claims as of August 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, which are included in other accrued liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, with
corresponding workers’ compensation insurance receivables of $4 million as of each of August 31, 2021 and 2020 included in other current assets.

Environmental Liabilities

The Company estimates future costs for known environmental remediation requirements and accrues for them on an undiscounted basis when it is probable
that the Company has incurred a liability and the related costs can be reasonably estimated but the timing of incurring the estimated costs is unknown. The
Company  considers  various  factors  when  estimating  its  environmental  liabilities,  and  it  evaluates  the  adequacy  of  these  liabilities  on  a  quarterly  basis.
Adjustments to the liabilities are recorded to selling, general, and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations when additional
information becomes available that affects the estimated costs to study or remediate any environmental issues or expenditures are made for which liabilities
were established. Legal investigation and defense costs incurred in connection with environmental contingencies are expensed as incurred.

When only a wide range of estimated amounts can be reasonably established and no other amount within the range is a better estimate than another, the low
end of the range is recorded in the financial statements. In a number of cases, it is possible that the Company may receive reimbursement through insurance
or from other third parties for a site or matter. In these situations, recoveries of environmental remediation costs from other parties are recognized when
realization of the claim for recovery is deemed probable. The amounts recorded for environmental liabilities are reviewed periodically as assessment and
remediation progresses at individual sites or for particular matters and adjusted to reflect additional information that becomes available. Due to evolving
remediation technology, changing regulations, possible third-party contributions, the subjective nature of the assumptions used, and other factors, amounts
accrued could vary significantly from amounts paid. See “Contingencies – Environmental” in Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies for further detail.

66 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
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Loss Contingencies

SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Company is subject to certain legal proceedings and contingencies in addition to those related to environmental liabilities discussed above in this Note,
the outcomes of which are subject to significant uncertainty. The Company accrues for estimated losses if it is probable that a liability has been incurred
and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred. The Company
uses judgment and evaluates whether a loss contingency arising from litigation or an unasserted claim should be disclosed or recorded. The outcome of
legal  proceedings  and  other  contingencies  is  inherently  uncertain  and  often  difficult  to  estimate.  Accrued  legal  contingencies  are  reported  within  other
accrued liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. See “Contingencies – Other” in Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies for further detail.

Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments include primarily cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and debt. The Company uses the
market  approach  to  value  its  financial  assets  and  liabilities,  determined  using  available  market  information.  The  net  carrying  amounts  of  cash  and  cash
equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. For long-term debt, which
is primarily at variable interest rates, fair value is estimated using observable inputs (Level 2) and approximates the carrying value.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is measured using inputs from the three levels of the fair value hierarchy. Classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest
level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are described as follows:

•

•

•

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

Level  2  –  Inputs  other  than  quoted  prices  included  within  Level  1  that  are  observable  for  the  determination  of  the  fair  value  of  the  asset  or
liability, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are significant to the determination of the fair value of the asset or liability.

When developing fair value measurements, the Company uses quoted market prices whenever available or seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs
and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when quoted market prices are not available.

Derivatives

Derivative contracts for commodities used in normal business operations that are settled by physical delivery, among other criteria, are eligible for and may
be designated as normal purchases and normal sales. Contracts that qualify as normal purchases or normal sales are not marked-to-market. The Company
does not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions

Assets and liabilities of the Company’s operations in Canada are translated into U.S. dollars at the period-end exchange rate, revenues and expenses of
these  operations  are  translated  into  U.S.  dollars  at  the  average  exchange  rate  for  the  period,  and  cash  flows  of  these  operations  are  translated  into  U.S.
dollars using the exchange rates in effect at the time of the cash flows. Translation adjustments are not included in determining net income for the period,
but are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income, a separate component of shareholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses
are generated from the effects of exchange rate changes on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency. Gains and losses on
foreign currency transactions are generally included in determining net income for the period. The Company reports these gains and losses within other
income (expense), net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Net realized and unrealized foreign currency transaction gains and losses were not
material for fiscal 2021, 2020, or 2019.

Common Stock

Each share of Class A and Class B common stock is entitled to one vote. Additionally, each share of Class B common stock may be converted to one share
of Class A common stock. As such, the Company reserves one share of Class A common stock for each share of Class B common stock outstanding. There
are currently no meaningful distinctions between the rights of holders of Class A shares and Class B shares.

67 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
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Share Repurchases

SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Company accounts for the repurchase of stock at par value. All shares repurchased are deemed retired. Upon retirement of the shares, the Company
records the difference between the weighted average cost of such shares and the par value of the stock as an adjustment to additional paid-in capital, with
the excess recorded to retained earnings when additional paid-in capital is not sufficient.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue upon satisfying its promises to transfer goods or services to customers under the terms of its contracts. Nearly all of these
promises, referred to as performance obligations, consist of the transfer of physical goods, including recycled ferrous and nonferrous metal, auto bodies,
auto parts, and finished steel products, to customers. These performance obligations are satisfied at the point in time the Company transfers control of the
goods to the customer, which in nearly all cases is when title to and risk of loss of the goods transfer to the customer. The timing of transfer of title and risk
of loss is dictated by customary or explicitly stated contract terms. For example, the Company recognizes revenue on partially loaded bulk shipments of
recycled  ferrous  metal  when  contractual  terms  support  revenue  recognition  based  on  transfer  of  title  and  risk  of  loss.  The  significant  majority  of  the
Company’s sales involve transfer of control to the customer, and thus revenue recognition, before delivery to the customer’s destination; for example, upon
release  of  the  goods  to  the  shipper.  The  Company’s  bill-and-hold  arrangements  involve  transfer  of  control  to  the  customer  when  the  goods  have  been
segregated from other inventory at the Company’s facility and are ready for physical transfer to the customer. Shipping and handling activities that occur
after a customer has obtained control of a good are accounted for as fulfillment costs rather than an additional promise in a contract. As such, shipping and
handling consideration (freight revenue) is recognized when control of the goods transfers to the customer, and freight expense is accrued to cost of goods
sold when the related revenue is recognized.

In certain regional markets, the Company enters into contracts whereby it arranges for, or brokers, the transfer of recyclable material between suppliers and
end customers. For transactions in which the Company obtains substantive control of the material before the goods are transferred to the end customer, for
example by arranging for the processing or warehousing of the material, the Company recognizes revenue equal to the gross amount of the consideration it
expects to receive from the customer (as principal). Alternatively, for transactions in which the Company does not obtain substantive control of the material
before the product is transferred to the end customer, the Company recognizes revenue equal to the net amount of the consideration it expects to retain after
paying  the  supplier  for  the  purchase  of  the  material  (as  agent).  The  Company  is  the  agent  in  the  transaction  for  the  substantial  majority  of  brokerage
arrangements.

Nearly  all  of  the  Company’s  sales  contracts  reflect  market  pricing  at  the  time  the  contract  is  executed,  are  one  year  or  less,  and  generally  provide  for
shipment within 30 to 60 days after the price has been agreed upon with the customer. The Company’s retail auto parts sales are at listed prices and are
recognized at the point of sale.

The Company recognizes revenue based on contractually stated selling prices and quantities shipped, net of sales tax, and adjusted for estimated claims and
discounts.  Claims  are  customary  in  the  recycled  metal  industry  and  arise  from  variances  in  the  quantity  or  quality  of  delivered  products.  Revenue
adjustments may be required if the settlement of claims exceeds original estimates. Discounts offered to certain finished steel customers qualify as variable
consideration as the discounts are contingent upon future events. Variable consideration arising from discounts is recognized upon the transfer of finished
steel products to customers based upon either the expected value or the most likely amount and was not material for each of the years ended August 31,
2021, 2020, and 2019. The Company experiences very few sales returns and, therefore, no material provisions for returns have been made when sales are
recognized. For each of the years ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, revenue adjustments related to performance obligations that were satisfied in
previous periods were not material.

Advertising Costs

The Company expenses advertising costs when incurred. Advertising expense for the years ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 was $6 million, $5
million, and $6 million, respectively.

68 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Share-Based Compensation

The Company estimates the grant-date fair value of stock-based compensation awards based on the market closing price of the underlying Class A common
stock on the date of grant, except for performance share awards with a total shareholder return (“TSR”) market performance metric for which the Company
estimates  the  grant-date  fair  value  using  a  Monte-Carlo  simulation  model.  The  Company  recognizes  compensation  cost  for  all  awards,  net  of  estimated
forfeitures,  over  the  requisite  service  period.  Share-based  compensation  cost  is  based  on  the  grant-date  fair  value  as  described  above,  except  for
performance share awards with a non-market return on capital employed (“ROCE") performance metric. For these awards, compensation cost is based on
the probable outcome of achieving the specified performance conditions. The Company reassesses whether achievement of the ROCE performance metric
is probable at each reporting date and, if probable, the level of achievement. See Note 13 - Share-Based Compensation for further detail.

Income Taxes

Income  taxes  are  accounted  for  using  the  asset  and  liability  method.  This  requires  the  recognition  of  taxes  currently  payable  or  refundable  and  the
recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences of events that are recognized in one reporting period in the Consolidated
Financial Statements but in a different reporting period on the tax returns. Tax credits are recognized as a reduction of income tax expense in the year the
credit arises. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more-likely-than-not that a tax benefit will not be realized. The
Company assesses the realizability of its deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis through an analysis of potential sources of future taxable income, including
prior year taxable income available to absorb a carryback of tax losses, reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, tax planning strategies, and
forecasts of taxable income. The Company considers all negative and positive evidence, including the weight of the evidence, to determine if valuation
allowances against deferred tax assets are required. Tax benefits arising from uncertain tax positions are recognized when it is more-likely-than-not that the
position will be sustained upon examination by the relevant tax authorities. The amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest amount of tax
benefit  that  is  greater  than  50  percent  likely  of  being  realized  upon  ultimate  settlement  with  a  taxing  authority  that  has  full  knowledge  of  all  relevant
information. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. See Note 14 - Income Taxes
for further detail.

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic  net  income  (loss)  per  share  attributable  to  SSI  shareholders  is  computed  by  dividing  net  income  (loss)  attributable  to  SSI  shareholders  by  the
weighted average number of outstanding common shares during the period presented including vested deferred stock units (“DSUs”) and restricted stock
units  (“RSUs”)  meeting  certain  criteria.  Diluted  net  income  (loss)  per  share  attributable  to  SSI  shareholders  is  computed  by  dividing  net  income  (loss)
attributable to SSI shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, assuming dilution. Potentially dilutive common shares
include  the  assumed  vesting  of  performance  share,  RSU,  and  DSU  awards  using  the  treasury  stock  method.  Net  income  attributable  to  noncontrolling
interests is deducted from income (loss) from continuing operations to arrive at income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders
for the purpose of calculating income (loss) per share from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders. See Note 16 - Net Income (Loss) Per
Share for further detail.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of
America (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure
of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting
period.  Examples  include  revenue  recognition;  the  allowance  for  credit  losses;  estimates  of  contingencies,  including  environmental  liabilities  and  other
legal liabilities; goodwill, long-lived asset and indefinite-lived intangible asset valuation; valuation of equity investments; valuation of certain share-based
awards; other asset valuation; inventory measurement and valuation; pension plan assumptions; and the assessment of the valuation of deferred income
taxes and income tax contingencies. Actual results may differ from estimated amounts.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and
accounts  receivable.  The  majority  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  is  maintained  with  major  financial  institutions.  Balances  with  these  and  certain  other
institutions exceeded the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured amount of $250 thousand as of August 31, 2021. Concentration of credit risk with
respect to accounts receivable is limited because a large number of geographically diverse customers make up the Company’s customer base. The Company
controls credit risk through credit approvals, credit limits, credit insurance, letters of credit or other collateral, cash deposits, and monitoring procedures.

69 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 3 - Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The  Company  does  not  expect  that  its  adoption  in  the  future  of  any  recently  issued  accounting  pronouncements  will  have  a  material  impact  on  its
consolidated financial statements.

Note 4 - Inventories

Inventories consisted of the following as of August 31 (in thousands):

Processed and unprocessed scrap metal
Semi-finished goods
Finished goods
Supplies
Inventories

Note 5 - Leases

2021

2020

  $

  $

164,960    $
7,671   
39,368   
44,428   
256,427    $

63,058 
6,909 
44,476 
42,826 
157,269

The Company’s operating leases for real property underlying certain auto parts stores, metals recycling facilities, and administrative offices generally have
non-cancellable lease terms of 5 to 10 years, and the significant majority contain multiple renewal options for a further 5 to 20 years. Renewal options
which the Company is reasonably certain to exercise are included in the measurement of lease term. The Company’s finance leases and other operating
leases involve primarily transportation equipment assets, have non-cancellable lease terms of less than 10 years and usually do not include renewal options.

The Company’s fiscal 2021 total lease cost was $30 million, consisting primarily of operating lease expense of $24 million and short-term lease expense of
$5 million. The Company’s fiscal 2020 total lease cost was $28 million, consisting primarily of operating lease expense of $23 million and short-term lease
expense of $4 million. The other components of the Company’s total lease cost for each of fiscal 2021 and 2020, including finance lease amortization and
interest  expense,  variable  lease  expense,  and  sublease  income,  were  not  material  both  individually  and  in  aggregate.  The  substantial  majority  of  the
Company’s total lease cost for each of fiscal 2021 and 2020 is presented within cost of goods sold in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Rent
expense was $27 million for fiscal 2019.

Finance lease assets and liabilities consisted of the following as of August 31 (in thousands):

  Balance Sheet Classification

2021

2020

Assets:

Finance lease right-of-use assets(1)

  Property, plant and equipment, net

Liabilities:

Finance lease liabilities - current
Finance lease liabilities - noncurrent
Total finance lease liabilities

  Short-term borrowings
  Long-term debt, net of current maturities

  $

  $

  $

5,422    $

1,464    $
5,127     
6,591    $

6,274 

1,341 
6,167 
7,508

(1)

Presented net of accumulated amortization of $2 million and $1 million as of August 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The weighted average remaining lease terms and weighted average discount rates for the Company’s leases as of August 31:

Operating leases
Finance leases

2021

2020

Weighted Average
Remaining Lease
Term (Years)

Weighted Average
Discount Rate

Weighted Average
Remaining Lease
Term (Years)

Weighted Average
Discount Rate

9.7     
5.2     

3.37%    
7.78%    

10.2     
6.0     

3.37%  
8.22%  

70 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
     
       
 
   
     
       
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Maturities of lease liabilities by fiscal year as of August 31, 2021 were as follows (in thousands):

Year Ending August 31,
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter

Total lease payments

Less amounts representing interest

Total lease liabilities
Less current maturities

Lease liabilities, net of current maturities

  $

  $

Finance Leases

  Operating Leases  
25,519 
24,021 
20,000 
14,703 
11,351 
64,784 
160,378 
(25,796)
134,582 
(21,417)
113,165

1,865    $
1,792   
1,498   
714   
595   
1,286   
7,750   
(1,159)  
6,591   
(1,464)  
5,127    $

Supplemental cash flow information and non-cash activity related to leases are as follows (in thousands):

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:

Operating cash flows for operating leases
Operating cash flows for finance leases
Financing cash flows for finance leases

Lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets(1):

Operating leases
Finance leases

(1) Amounts include new leases and adjustments to lease balances as a result of remeasurement.

Note 6 - Property, Plant and Equipment, net

Property, plant and equipment, net consisted of the following as of August 31 (in thousands):

Machinery and equipment
Land and improvements
Buildings and leasehold improvements
ERP systems
Office equipment and other software licenses
Construction in progress
Property, plant and equipment, gross
Less accumulated depreciation
Property, plant and equipment, net(1)

Year Ended August 31,

2021

2020

24,154    $
498    $
1,332    $

8,325    $
445    $

22,225 
628 
1,336 

34,586 
1,230

2021

2020

791,043    $
304,188   
147,106   
17,760   
37,326   
102,544   
1,399,967   
(837,293)  
562,674    $

746,845 
295,575 
138,380 
17,760 
44,103 
55,964 
1,298,627 
(811,623)
487,004

  $
  $
  $

  $
  $

  $

  $

(1)

Property,  plant  and  equipment,  net  included $18 million and $16 million as of August 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, related to the Company’s Canadian
operations.

Depreciation expense for property, plant and equipment, which includes amortization expense for finance lease right-of-use assets, was $58 million, $57
million, and $53 million for the years ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. See Note 5 - Leases for additional disclosure on finance leases.

71 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 7 - Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net

Goodwill

The  Company  evaluates  goodwill  for  impairment  annually  on  July  1  and  upon  the  occurrence  of  certain  triggering  events  or  substantive  changes  in
circumstances that indicate that the fair value of goodwill may be impaired.

As of August 31, 2020, the balance of the Company’s goodwill was $170 million, and all but $1 million of such balance was carried by a single reporting
unit within the AMR operating segment that existed at the time. The Company had last performed the quantitative impairment test of goodwill carried by
this reporting unit in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 using a measurement date of July 1, 2020. The estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeded its
carrying  amount  by  approximately  29%  as  of  July  1,  2020.  In  the  first  quarter  of  fiscal  2021,  the  Company  completed  its  transition  to  a  new  internal
organizational and reporting structure reflecting a functionally-based, integrated model, resulting in a single operating segment, replacing the AMR and
CSS operating segments. The change in structure led to the identification of components within the single operating segment based on disaggregation of
financial  information  regularly  reviewed  by  segment  management.  In  accordance  with  the  accounting  guidance,  the  Company  then  reassigned  the
Company's  goodwill  to  the  reporting  units  affected  based  on  the  relative  fair  values  of  the  elements  transferred  and  the  elements  remaining  within  the
original reporting units as of the date of the reassessment, September 1, 2020. The Company measured the relative fair values of such elements under the
market approach based on earnings multiple data. Beginning on the date of reassessment of September 1, 2020, the Company's goodwill is carried by three
reporting units comprising two separate regional groups of metals recycling operations and the Company’s retail auto parts stores.

In connection with the segment realignment and redefinition of the Company's reporting units effective as of September 1, 2020, management evaluated if
it was more likely than not that the fair value of any of the either legacy or new reporting units with allocated goodwill was below its carrying value as of
September 1, 2020, which would indicate a triggering event requiring a goodwill impairment test. Based on management's assessment as of September 1,
2020, it was not more likely than not that the fair value of each reporting unit with allocated goodwill was below its carrying value.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company performed the annual goodwill impairment test as of July 1, 2021. As of the testing date, the balance of
the Company’s goodwill was $171 million, and all but $1 million of such balance was carried by two reporting units comprising a regional group of metals
recycling operations and the Company’s retail auto parts stores. The Company elected to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence
of events or circumstances led to a determination that it is more-likely-than-not that the estimated fair value of each reporting unit carrying goodwill is less
than its carrying amount. As a result of the qualitative assessment, the Company concluded that it was not more-likely-than-not that the fair value of each
reporting unit carrying goodwill was less than its carrying value as of the testing date, and, therefore, no further impairment testing was required.

The gross change in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended August 31, 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in thousands):

Balance as of September 1, 2019
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Balance as of August 31, 2020
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Balance as of August 31, 2021

Accumulated goodwill impairment charges were $471 million as of each of August 31, 2021 and 2020.

72 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

Goodwill

169,237 
390 
169,627 
677 
170,304

$

$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Other Intangible Assets, net

The following table presents the Company’s other intangible assets as of August 31 (in thousands):

Covenants not to compete
Indefinite-lived intangibles(1)
Total

2021

2020

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization   

Net

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization   

Net

  $

  $

6,745    $
1,081     
7,826    $

(3,846)   $
—     
(3,846)   $

2,899    $
1,081     
3,980    $

7,032    $
1,081     
8,113    $

(3,528)   $
—     
(3,528)   $

3,504 
1,081 
4,585

(1)

Indefinite-lived intangibles include previously acquired trade names and certain permits and licenses.

Total intangible asset amortization expense was $1 million in each of the years ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019. There were no impairments of
intangible assets recognized for the periods presented.

The estimated amortization expense, based on current intangible asset balances, during the next five fiscal years and thereafter is as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending August 31,
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter
Total

Note 8 - Debt

Estimated
Amortization
Expense

723 
458 
411 
407 
287 
613 
2,899

$

$

Debt consisted of the following as of August 31 (in thousands):

Bank revolving credit facilities, interest primarily at LIBOR plus a spread
Finance lease liabilities
Other debt obligations
Total debt
Less current maturities
Debt, net of current maturities

  $

  $

2021

2020

60,000    $
6,591   
8,362   
74,953   
(3,654)  
71,299    $

90,000 
7,508 
6,911 
104,419 
(2,184)
102,235

73 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The  Company’s  senior  secured  revolving  credit  facilities,  which  provide  for  revolving  loans  of  $700  million  and  C$15  million,  mature  in  August 2023
pursuant  to  a  credit  agreement  with  Bank  of  America,  N.A.,  as  administrative  agent,  and  other  lenders  party  thereto.  The  $700  million  credit  facility
includes a $50 million sublimit for letters of credit, a $25 million sublimit for swingline loans, and a $50 million sublimit for multicurrency borrowings.
Interest rates on outstanding indebtedness under the credit agreement are based, at the Company’s option, on either the London Interbank Offered Rate
(“LIBOR”) (or the Canadian equivalent for C$ loans), plus a spread of between 1.25% and 3.50%, with the amount of the spread based on a pricing grid
tied to the Company’s ratio of consolidated funded debt to EBITDA (as defined by the credit agreement), or the greater of (a) the prime rate, (b) the federal
funds rate plus 0.50%, or (c) the daily rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus 1.75%, in each case, plus a spread of between 0.00% and 2.50% based on a
pricing grid tied to the Company’s consolidated funded debt to EBITDA ratio. In addition, commitment fees are payable on the unused portion of the credit
facilities at rates between 0.20% and 0.50% based on a pricing grid tied to the Company’s ratio of consolidated funded debt to EBITDA.

As of August 31, 2021 and 2020, borrowings outstanding under the credit facilities were $60 million and $90 million, respectively. The weighted average
interest rate on amounts outstanding under the credit facilities was 1.75% and 4.59% as of August 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The credit agreement contains various representations and warranties, events of default, and financial and other customary covenants which limit (subject
to certain exceptions) the Company’s ability to, among other things, incur or suffer to exist certain liens, make investments, incur or guaranty additional
indebtedness, enter into consolidations, mergers, acquisitions, and sales of assets, make distributions and other restricted payments, change the nature of the
business,  engage  in  transactions  with  affiliates,  and  enter  into  restrictive  agreements,  including  agreements  that  restrict  the  ability  of  the  subsidiaries  to
make  distributions.  As  of  August  31,  2021,  the  financial  covenants  under  the  credit  agreement  included  (a)  a  consolidated  fixed  charge  coverage  ratio,
defined  as  the  four-quarter  rolling  sum  of  consolidated  EBITDA  less  defined  maintenance  capital  expenditures  and  certain  environmental  expenditures
divided  by  consolidated  fixed  charges  and  (b)  a  consolidated  leverage  ratio,  defined  as  consolidated  funded  indebtedness  divided  by  the  sum  of
consolidated net worth and consolidated funded indebtedness. The Company’s obligations under the credit agreement are guaranteed by substantially all of
its subsidiaries. The credit facilities and the related guarantees are secured by senior first priority liens on certain of the Company’s and its subsidiaries’
assets, including equipment, inventory, and accounts receivable.

Other debt obligations, which totaled $8 million and $7 million as of August 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, primarily relate to an equipment purchase,
the contract consideration for which includes an obligation to make future monthly payments to the vendor in the form of licensing fees. For accounting
purposes,  such  obligation  is  treated  as  a  partial  financing  of  the  purchase  price  by  the  equipment  vendor.  Monthly  payments  commence  when  the
equipment is placed in service and continue for a period of four years thereafter.

Principal  payments  on  the  Company’s  bank  revolving  credit  facilities  and  other  debt  obligations  during  the  next  five  fiscal  years  and  thereafter  are  as
follows (in thousands):

Year Ending August 31,
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
Thereafter
Total

  Credit Facilities
 $

Other Debt
Obligations

2,158 
2,385 
1,724 
1,809 
216 
70 
8,362

 $

 $

— 
60,000 
— 
— 
— 
— 
60,000 

 $

See  Note  5  -  Leases  for  additional  disclosure  on  finance  lease  obligations,  including  payments  during  the  next  five  fiscal  years  and  thereafter.  The
Company maintains stand-by letters of credit to provide for certain obligations including workers’ compensation and performance bonds. The Company
had $8 million and $10 million outstanding under these arrangements as of August 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

74 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 9 - Commitments and Contingencies

Contingencies - Environmental

Changes in the Company’s environmental liabilities for the years ended August 31, 2021 and 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

Balance as of
September 1,
2019

$

51,799 

Liabilities
Established
(Released), Net  
5,713 

  $

  $

Payments and
Other

Ending Balance
August 31, 2020  
53,464 

(4,048)   $

Liabilities
Established
(Released), Net  
28,761 

  $

  $

Payments and
Other

Ending Balance
August 31, 2021  
77,128 

Current
Liability

Noncurrent
Liability

  $

24,743 

  $

52,385  

(5,097)   $

As of August 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had environmental liabilities of $77 million and $53 million, respectively, for the potential remediation of
locations where it has conducted business or has environmental liabilities from historical or recent activities. The liabilities relate to the investigation and
potential  future  remediation  of  contaminated  sediments  and  riverbanks,  soil  contamination,  groundwater  contamination,  storm  water  runoff  issues,  and
other  natural  resource  damages.  Except  for  Portland  Harbor  and  certain  liabilities  discussed  under  “Other  Legacy  Environmental  Loss  Contingencies”
below, such liabilities were not individually material at any site.

Portland Harbor

In December 2000, the Company was notified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) under the Comprehensive Environmental
Response,  Compensation  and  Liability  Act  (“CERCLA”)  that  it  is  one  of  the  potentially  responsible  parties  (“PRPs”)  that  own  or  operate  or  formerly
owned or operated sites which are part of or adjacent to the Portland Harbor Superfund site (the “Site”).

The precise nature and extent of cleanup of any specific areas within the Site, the parties to be involved, the timing of any specific remedial action and the
allocation  of  the  costs  for  any  cleanup  among  responsible  parties  have  not  yet  been  determined.  The  process  of  site  investigation,  remedy  selection,
identification of additional PRPs, and allocation of costs has been underway for a number of years, but significant uncertainties remain. It is unclear to what
extent the Company will be liable for environmental costs or third-party contribution or damage claims with respect to the Site.

From  2000  to  2017,  the  EPA  oversaw  a  remedial  investigation/feasibility  study  (“RI/FS”)  at  the  Site.  The  Company  was  not  among  the  parties  that
performed the RI/FS, but it contributed to the costs through an interim settlement with the performing parties. The performing parties have indicated that
they incurred more than $155 million in that effort.

In January 2017, the EPA issued a Record of Decision (“ROD”) that identified the selected remedy for the Site. The EPA has estimated the total cost of the
selected  remedy  at  $1.7  billion  with  a  net  present  value  cost  of  $1.05  billion  (at  a  7%  discount  rate)  and  an  estimated  construction  period  of  13  years
following  completion  of  the  remedial  designs.  In  the  ROD,  the  EPA  stated  that  the  cost  estimate  is  an  order-of-magnitude  engineering  estimate  that  is
expected to be within +50% to -30% of the actual project cost and that changes in the cost elements are likely to occur as a result of new information and
data  collected  during  the  engineering  design.  The  Company  has  identified  a  number  of  concerns  regarding  the  remedy  described  in  the  ROD,  which  is
based on data that is more than 15 years old, and the EPA’s estimates for the costs and time required to implement the selected remedy. Moreover, the ROD
provided only Site-wide cost estimates and did not provide sufficient detail to estimate costs for specific sediment management areas within the Site. In
addition, the ROD did not determine or allocate the responsibility for remediation costs among the PRPs.

In the ROD, the EPA acknowledged that much of the data was more than a decade old at that time and would need to be updated with a new round of
“baseline”  sampling  to  be  conducted  prior  to  the  remedial  design  phase.  The  remedial  design  phase  is  an  engineering  phase  during  which  additional
technical information and data are collected, identified, and incorporated into technical drawings and specifications developed for the subsequent remedial
action. Following issuance of the ROD, the EPA proposed that the PRPs, or a subgroup of PRPs, perform the additional investigative work in advance of
remedial design.

In  December  2017,  the  Company  and  three  other  PRPs  entered  into  an  Administrative  Settlement  Agreement  and  Order  on  Consent  with  the  EPA  to
perform  such  pre-remedial  design  investigation  and  baseline  sampling  over  a  two-year  period.  The  report  analyzing  the  results  concluded  that  Site
conditions have improved substantially since the data forming the basis of the ROD was collected. The EPA found with a few limited corrections that the
data is of suitable quality and stated that such data will be used, in addition to existing and forthcoming design-level data, to inform implementation of the
ROD. However, the EPA did not agree that the data or the analysis warranted a change to the remedy at this time and reaffirmed its commitment to proceed
with remedial design. The Company and other PRPs disagree with the EPA’s position on use of the more recent data and will continue to pursue limited,
but critical, changes to the selected remedy for the Site during the remedial design phase.

75 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The EPA encouraged PRPs to step forward (individually or in groups) to enter into consent agreements to perform remedial design in various project areas
covering the entire Site. While certain PRPs executed consent agreements for remedial design work, because of the EPA’s refusal to date to modify the
remedy to reflect the most current data on Site conditions and because of concerns with the terms of the consent agreement, the Company elected not to
enter into a consent agreement. In April 2020, the EPA issued a unilateral administrative order (“UAO”) to the Company and MMGL, LLC (“MMGL”), an
unaffiliated company, for the remedial design work in a portion of the Site designated as the River Mile 3.5 East Project Area. As required by the UAO, the
Company notified the EPA of its intent to comply while reserving all of its sufficient cause defenses. Failure to comply with a UAO, without sufficient
cause, could subject the Company to significant penalties or treble damages. Pursuant to the optimized remedial design timeline set forth in the UAO, the
EPA’s expected schedule for completion of the remedial design work is four years. The EPA has estimated the cost of the work at approximately $4 million.
The Company has agreed with the other respondent to the UAO, MMGL, that the Company will lead the performance and be responsible for a portion of
the  costs  of  the  work  for  remedial  design  under  the  UAO  and  also  entered  into  an  agreement  with  another  PRP  pursuant  to  which  such  other  PRP  has
agreed to fund a portion of the costs of such work. These agreements are not an allocation of liability or claims associated with the Site as between the
respondents  or  with  respect  to  any  third  party.  The  Company  estimated  that  its  share  of  the  costs  of  performing  such  work  under  the  UAO  would  be
approximately  $3  million,  which  it  recorded  to  environmental  liabilities  and  selling,  general,  and  administrative  expense  in  the  consolidated  financial
statements in the third quarter of fiscal 2020. The Company has insurance policies pursuant to which the Company is being reimbursed for the costs it has
incurred  for  remedial  design.  In  the  second  quarter  of  fiscal  2021,  the  Company  recorded  an  insurance  receivable  and  a  related  insurance  recovery  to
selling, general, and administrative expense for approximately $3 million. See “Other Assets” in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for
further discussion of receivables from insurers. The Company also expects to pursue in the future allocation or contribution from other PRPs for a portion
of such remedial design costs. In February 2021, the EPA announced that 100 percent of the Site’s areas requiring active cleanup are in the remedial design
phase of the process.

Except for certain early action projects in which the Company is not involved, remediation activities at the Site are not expected to commence for a number
of years. Moreover, those activities are expected to be sequenced, and the order and timing of such sequencing has not been determined. In addition, as
noted above, the ROD does not determine the allocation of costs among PRPs.

The Company has joined with approximately 100 other PRPs, including the RI/FS performing parties, in a voluntary process to establish an allocation of
costs at the Site, including the costs incurred in the RI/FS, ongoing remedial design costs, and future remedial action costs. The Company expects the next
major stage of the allocation process to proceed in parallel with the remedial design process.

In addition to the remedial action process overseen by the EPA, the Portland Harbor Natural Resource Trustee Council (“Trustee Council”) is assessing
natural resource damages at the Site. In 2008, the Trustee Council invited the Company and other PRPs to participate in funding and implementing the
Natural Resource Injury Assessment for the Site. The Company and other participating PRPs ultimately agreed to fund the first two phases of the three-
phase assessment, which included the development of the Natural Resource Damage Assessment Plan (“AP”) and implementation of the AP to develop
information sufficient to facilitate early settlements between the Trustee Council and Phase 2 participants and the identification of restoration projects to be
funded  by  the  settlements.  In  late  May  2018,  the  Trustee  Council  published  notice  of  its  intent  to  proceed  with  Phase  3,  which  will  involve  the  full
implementation of the AP and the final injury and damage determination. The Company is proceeding with the process established by the Trustee Council
regarding early settlements under Phase 2. The Company has established an environmental reserve of approximately $2.3 million for this alleged natural
resource  damages  liability  as  it  continues  to  work  with  the  Trustee  Council  to  finalize  an  early  settlement.  The  Company  has  insurance  policies  that  it
believes will provide reimbursement for costs related to this matter. As of August 31, 2021, the Company had an insurance receivable in the same amount
as  the  environmental  reserve.  See  “Other  Assets”  in  Note  2  –  Summary  of  Significant  Accounting  Policies  for  further  discussion  of  receivables  from
insurers.

On January 30, 2017, one of the Trustees, the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation, which withdrew from the council in 2009, filed a suit
against  approximately  30  parties,  including  the  Company,  seeking  reimbursement  of  certain  past  and  future  response  costs  in  connection  with  remedial
action at the Site and recovery of assessment costs related to natural resources damages from releases at and from the Site to the Multnomah Channel and
the Lower Columbia River. The parties filed various motions to dismiss or stay this suit, and in August 2019, the court issued an order denying the motions
to dismiss and staying the action. The Company intends to defend against the claims in this suit and does not have sufficient information to determine the
likelihood  of  a  loss  in  this  matter  or  to  estimate  the  amount  of  damages  being  sought  or  the  amount  of  such  damages  that  could  be  allocated  to  the
Company.

The Company’s environmental liabilities as of August 31, 2021 and 2020 included $6 million and $4 million, respectively, relating to the Portland Harbor
matters described above.

76 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Because the final remedial actions have not yet been designed and there has not been a determination of the allocation among the PRPs of costs of the
investigations or remedial action costs, the Company believes it is not possible to reasonably estimate the amount or range of costs which it is likely to or
which it is reasonably possible that it will incur in connection with the Site, although such costs could be material to the Company’s financial position,
results of operations, cash flows, and liquidity. Among the facts being evaluated are detailed information on the history of ownership of and the nature of
the uses of and activities and operations performed on each property within the Site, which are factors that will play a substantial role in determining the
allocation of investigation and remedy costs among the PRPs.

The  Company  has  insurance  policies  that  it  believes  will  provide  reimbursement  for  costs  it  incurs  for  defense,  remedial  design,  remedial  action,  and
mitigation for or settlement of natural resource damages claims in connection with the Site. Most of these policies jointly insure the Company and MMGL,
as the successor to a former subsidiary of the Company. The Company and MMGL have negotiated the settlement with certain insurers of claims against
them  related  to  the  Site,  continue  to  seek  settlements  with  other  insurers,  and  formed  a  Qualified  Settlement  Fund  (“QSF”)  which  became  operative  in
fiscal 2020 to hold such settlement amounts until funds are needed to pay or reimburse costs incurred by the Company and MMGL in connection with the
Site.  These  insurance  policies  and  the  funds  in  the  QSF  may  not  cover  all  of  the  costs  which  the  Company  may  incur.  The  QSF  is  an  unconsolidated
variable  interest  entity  (“VIE”)  with  no  primary  beneficiary.  Two  parties  unrelated  to  each  other,  one  appointed  by  the  Company  and  one  appointed  by
MMGL, share equally the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance. The Company’s appointee to
co-manage the VIE is an executive officer of the Company. Neither MMGL nor its appointee to co-manage the VIE is a related party of the Company for
the purpose of the primary beneficiary assessment or otherwise.

The  Oregon  Department  of  Environmental  Quality  is  separately  providing  oversight  of  investigations  and  source  control  activities  by  the  Company  at
various  sites  adjacent  to  Portland  Harbor  that  are  focused  on  controlling  any  current  “uplands”  releases  of  contaminants  into  the  Willamette  River.  No
liabilities have been established in connection with these investigations beyond the costs of investigation and design, which costs have not been material to
date, because the extent of contamination, required source control work, and the Company’s responsibility for the contamination and source control work,
in each case if any, have not yet been determined. In addition, pursuant to its insurance policies, the Company is being reimbursed for the costs it incurs for
required source control evaluation and remediation work.

Other Legacy Environmental Loss Contingencies

The Company’s environmental loss contingencies as of August 31, 2021 and 2020, other than Portland Harbor, include actual or possible investigation and
remediation  costs  from  historical  contamination  at  sites  currently  or  formerly  owned  or  formerly  operated  by  the  Company  or  at  other  sites  where  the
Company  may  have  responsibility  for  such  costs  due  to  past  disposal  or  other  activities  (“legacy  environmental  loss  contingencies”).  These  legacy
environmental loss contingencies relate to the potential remediation of waterways and soil and groundwater contamination and may also involve natural
resource damages, governmental fines and penalties, and claims by third parties for personal injury and property damage. The Company has been notified
that it is or may be a potentially responsible party at certain of these sites, and investigation and remediation activities are ongoing or may be required in the
future. The Company recognizes a liability for such matters when the loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. When investigation, allocation, and
remediation  activities  are  ongoing  or  where  the  Company  has  not  yet  been  identified  as  having  responsibility  or  the  contamination  has  not  yet  been
identified, it is reasonably possible that the Company may need to recognize additional liabilities in connection with such sites but the Company cannot
currently reasonably estimate the possible loss or range of loss absent additional information or developments. Such additional liabilities, individually or in
the aggregate, may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

In fiscal 2018, the Company accrued $4 million for the estimated costs related to remediation of shredder residue disposed of in or around the 1970s at
third-party  sites  located  near  each  other.  Investigation  activities  have  been  conducted  under  oversight  of  the  applicable  state  regulatory  agency.  As  of
August  31,  2021  and  2020,  the  Company  had  $4  million  accrued  for  this  matter.  It  is  reasonably  possible  that  the  Company  may  recognize  additional
liabilities in connection with this matter at the time such losses are probable and can be reasonably estimated. The Company previously estimated a range
of reasonably possible losses related to this matter in excess of current accruals at between zero and $28 million based on a range of remedial alternatives
and  subject  to  development  and  approval  by  regulators  of  a  specific  remedy  implementation  plan.  However,  subsequent  to  the  development  of  those
remedial alternatives, the Company performed additional investigative activities under new state requirements that have the potential to impact the required
remedial  actions  and  associated  cost  estimates  pending  further  investigation,  analysis,  and  discussion  by  the  Company  and  regulators.  The  Company  is
investigating whether a portion or all of the current and future losses related to this matter, if incurred, are covered by existing insurance coverage or may
be offset by contributions from other responsible parties.

77 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

In addition, the Company’s loss contingencies as of August 31, 2021 and 2020 included $19 million and $8 million, respectively, for the estimated costs
related to environmental matters in connection with a closed facility owned and previously operated by an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary, including
monitoring and remediation of soil and groundwater conditions. Investigation and remediation activities have been conducted under the oversight of the
applicable state regulatory agency and are on-going, and the Company has also been working with state and local officials with respect to the protection of
public  and  private  water  supplies.  As  part  of  its  activities  relating  to  the  protection  of  public  water  supplies,  the  Company  has  agreed  to  reimburse  the
municipality for certain studies and plans and is in discussions with the municipality regarding funding for wellhead treatment. The Company accrued $17
million in fiscal 2021 for incremental estimated remediation costs and for funding for wellhead treatment, which was offset by payments during fiscal 2021
including payment of penalties in the amount of $2.7 million pursuant to a previously agreed settlement. It is reasonably possible that the Company may
recognize additional liabilities in connection with this matter at the time such additional losses are probable and can be reasonably estimated. However, the
Company cannot reasonably estimate at this time the possible additional loss or range of possible additional losses associated with this matter pending the
on-going implementation of the approved remediation plan for soil and groundwater conditions, determination of the costs for wellhead treatment based on
receipt and award of contractor bids, and finalization of discussions regarding the Company’s share of funding for such costs.

In addition, the Company’s loss contingencies as of August 31, 2021 and 2020 included $8 million and less than $1 million, respectively, for the estimated
costs related to remediation of a site a portion of which was previously leased to and operated by an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary. In connection with
settlement of a lawsuit relating to allocation of the remediation costs, the Company’s subsidiary agreed to perform the remedial action related to metals
contamination on the site estimated to cost approximately $7.9 million, and another potentially liable party agreed to perform the remedial action related to
creosote contamination at the site. As part of the settlement, other potentially liable parties agreed to make payments totaling approximately $7.6 million to
fund  the  remediation  of  the  metals  contamination  at  the  site  in  exchange  for  a  release  and  indemnity.  This  amount  was  fully  funded  into  a  client  trust
account  for  the  Company’s  subsidiary  in  December  2020.  See  “Other  Assets”  in  Note  2  -  Summary  of  Significant  Accounting  Policies  for  further
discussion of this client trust account. It is reasonably possible that the Company may recognize additional liabilities in connection with this matter at the
time  such  additional  losses  are  probable  and  can  be  reasonably  estimated.  However,  the  Company  cannot  reasonably  estimate  at  this  time  the  possible
additional  loss  or  range  of  possible  additional  losses  associated  with  this  matter  pending  completion,  approval  and  implementation  of  the  remediation
action plan.

Summary - Environmental Contingencies

With  respect  to  environmental  contingencies  other  than  the  Portland  Harbor  Superfund  site  and  the  Other  Legacy  Environmental  Loss  Contingencies,
which are discussed separately above, management currently believes that adequate provision has been made for the potential impact of its environmental
contingencies. Historically, the amounts the Company has ultimately paid for such remediation activities have not been material in any given period, but
there can be no assurance that such amounts paid will not be material in the future.

Contingencies - Other

In addition to legal proceedings relating to the contingencies described above, the Company is a party to various legal proceedings arising in the normal
course of business. The Company recognizes a liability for such matters when the loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. The Company does not
anticipate  that  the  liabilities  arising  from  such  legal  proceedings  in  the  normal  course  of  business,  after  taking  into  consideration  expected  insurance
recoveries, will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

78 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 10 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, are as follows as of August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 (in thousands):

Balance as of September 1, 2018

  $

Foreign Currency
Translation
Adjustments

Pension Obligations,
net

Total

(34,129)   $
(1,560)  
—   

(3,108)   $
(326)  
65   

Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications
Income tax benefit
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications,
   net of tax
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
Income tax benefit
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss,
   net of tax

Net periodic other comprehensive (loss) income
Balance as of August 31, 2019

Other comprehensive income before reclassifications
Income tax expense
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications, net
   of tax
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
Income tax benefit
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss,
   net of tax

Net periodic other comprehensive income
Balance as of August 31, 2020

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
Income tax benefit
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net
   of tax
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
Income tax benefit
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss,
   net of tax

Net periodic other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance as of August 31, 2021

(1,560)  
—   
—   

—   
(1,560)  
(35,689)  
1,505   
—   

1,505   
—   
—   

—   
1,505   
(34,184)  
2,575   
—   

2,575   
—   
—   

(261)  
369   
(74)  

295   
34   
(3,074)  
190   
(42)  

148   
309   
(70)  

239   
387   
(2,687)  
(530)  
120   

(410)  
196   
(44)  

—   
2,575   
(31,609)   $

152   
(258)  
(2,945)   $

  $

(37,237)
(1,886)
65 

(1,821)
369 
(74)

295 
(1,526)
(38,763)
1,695 
(42)

1,653 
309 
(70)

239 
1,892 
(36,871)
2,045 
120 

2,165 
196 
(44)

152 
2,317 
(34,554)

Reclassifications  from  accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss  to  earnings,  both  individually  and  in  the  aggregate,  were  not  material  to  the  impacted
captions in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in all periods presented.

79 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 11 - Revenue

Disaggregation of Revenues

The table below illustrates the Company’s revenues disaggregated by major product and sales destination (in thousands):

Major product information:

Ferrous revenues
Nonferrous revenues
Steel revenues(1)
Retail and other revenues

Total revenues

Revenues based on sales destination:

Foreign
Domestic

Total revenues

2021

Year Ended August 31,
2020

2019

  $

  $

  $

  $

1,557,891    $
684,862   
379,203   
136,595   
2,758,551    $

1,612,744    $
1,145,807   
2,758,551    $

862,490    $
390,298   
336,980   
122,575   
1,712,343    $

910,785    $
801,558   
1,712,343    $

1,164,719   
468,023   
367,956   
132,083   
2,132,781   

1,141,077   
991,704   
2,132,781   

(1)

Steel revenues include predominantly sales of finished steel products, in addition to sales of semi-finished goods (billets) and steel manufacturing scrap.

In fiscal 2021, 2020, and 2019, the Company had no external customer that accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s consolidated revenues. Sales to
customers located in foreign countries are a significant part of the Company’s business. The schedule below identifies those foreign countries to which the
Company’s sales exceeded 10% of consolidated revenues in any of the last three years ended August 31 (in thousands):

Bangladesh
Turkey

  $

2021

375,668   
N/A   

% of
Revenue

14%   $
  $

N/A 

2020

197,391   
222,141   

% of
Revenue

12%  
13%  

2019

N/A 
N/A 

% of
Revenue

N/A
N/A

N/A = Sales were less than the 10% threshold.

Receivables from Contracts with Customers

The revenue accounting standard defines a receivable as an entity’s right to consideration that is unconditional, meaning that only the passage of time is
required before payment is due. As of August 31, 2021 and 2020, receivables from contracts with customers, net of an allowance for credit losses, totaled
$210 million and $135 million, respectively, representing 98% and 97%, respectively,  of  total  accounts  receivable  reported  in  the  Consolidated  Balance
Sheets as of each reporting date.

Contract Liabilities

Contract  consideration  received  from  a  customer  prior  to  revenue  recognition  is  recorded  as  a  contract  liability  and  is  recognized  as  revenue  when  the
Company satisfies the related performance obligation under the terms of the contract. The Company’s contract liabilities, which consist almost entirely of
customer  deposits  for  recycled  metal  and  finished  steel  sales  contracts  reported  within  accounts  payable  in  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets,  totaled  $8
million as of each of August 31, 2021 and 2020. Unsatisfied performance obligations reflected in these contract liabilities relate to contracts with original
expected durations of one year or less and, therefore, are not disclosed. During the year ended August 31, 2021, the Company reclassified $7 million in
contract liabilities as of August 31, 2020 to revenues as a result of satisfying performance obligations during the year. During the year ended August 31,
2020, the Company reclassified $3 million in contract liabilities as of August 31, 2019 to revenues as a result of satisfying performance obligations during
the year.

80 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 12 - Employee Benefits

The  Company  and  certain  of  its  subsidiaries  have  or  contribute  to  qualified  and  nonqualified  retirement  plans.  These  plans  include  a  defined  benefit
pension  plan,  a  supplemental  executive  retirement  benefit  plan  (“SERBP”),  multiemployer  pension  plans,  defined  contribution  plans,  and  a  deferred
compensation plan.

Defined Benefit Pension Plan and Supplemental Executive Retirement Benefit Plan

The Company maintains a qualified defined benefit pension plan for certain nonunion employees. Effective June 30, 2006, the Company froze this plan and
ceased accruing further benefits for employee service. The Company reflects the funded status of the defined benefit pension plan as a net asset or liability
in its Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in its funded status are recognized in comprehensive income. The Company amortizes as a component of net
periodic pension benefit cost a portion of the net gain or loss reported within accumulated other comprehensive loss if the beginning-of-year net gain or
loss exceeds 5% of the greater of the benefit obligation or the market value of plan assets. Net periodic pension benefit cost was not material for each of the
fiscal  years  presented  in  this  report.  The  fair  value  of  plan  assets  was  $21  million  as  of  each  of  August  31,  2021  and  2020,  and  the  projected  benefit
obligation was $17 million and $18 million as of August 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The plan was fully funded with the plan assets exceeding the
projected benefit obligation by $4 million as of each of August 31, 2021 and 2020. Under the fair value hierarchy, plan assets comprised Level 1 and Level
2 investments as of August 31, 2021 and 2020. Level 1 investments are valued based on quoted market prices of identical securities in the principal market.
Level  2  investments  are  corporate  bonds  valued  at  the  yields  currently  available  on  comparable  securities  of  issuers  with  similar  credit  ratings.  No
significant  contributions  are  expected  to  be  made  to  the  defined  benefit  pension  plan  in  the  future;  however,  changes  in  the  discount  rate  or  actual
investment  returns  that  are  lower  than  the  long-term  expected  return  on  plan  assets  could  result  in  the  need  for  the  Company  to  make  additional
contributions.  The  assumed  discount  rate  used  to  calculate  the  projected  benefit  obligation  was  2.46%  and  2.38%  as  of  August  31,  2021  and  2020,
respectively. The Company estimates future annual benefit payments to be between $1 million and $3 million per year.

The  Company  also  has  a  nonqualified  SERBP  for  certain  executives.  A  restricted  trust  fund  has  been  established  with  assets  invested  in  life  insurance
policies that can be used for plan benefits, although the fund is subject to claims of the Company’s general creditors. The trust fund is included in other
assets, the current portion of the pension liability is included in other accrued liabilities, and the noncurrent portion of the pension liability is included in
other long-term liabilities in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The trust fund was valued at $4 million as of August 31, 2021, and $3 million as
of August 31, 2020.  The  trust  fund  assets’  gains  and  losses  are  included  in  other  income  (expense),  net  in  the  Company’s  Consolidated  Statements  of
Operations. The benefit obligation was $5 million as of each of August 31, 2021 and 2020. Net periodic pension benefit cost under the SERBP was not
material for each of the fiscal years presented in this report.

Because  the  defined  benefit  pension  plan  and  the  SERBP  are  not  material  to  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements,  other  disclosures  required  by  U.S.
GAAP have been omitted.

Multiemployer Pension Plans

The Company contributes to 14 multiemployer pension plans in accordance with its collective bargaining agreements. Multiemployer pension plans are
defined benefit plans sponsored by multiple employers in accordance with one or more collective bargaining agreements. The plans are jointly managed by
trustees that include representatives from both management and labor unions. Contributions to the plans are made based upon a fixed rate per hour worked
and are agreed to by contributing employers and the unions in collective bargaining. Benefit levels are set by a joint board of trustees based on the advice of
an independent actuary regarding the level of benefits that agreed-upon contributions can be expected to support. To the extent that the pension obligation
of other participating employers is unfunded, the Company may be required to make additional contributions in the future to fund these obligations.

81 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

One of the multiemployer plans that the Company contributes to is the Steelworkers Western Independent Shops Pension Plan (“WISPP,” EIN 90-0169564,
Plan No. 001) benefiting the union employees of the Company’s steel manufacturing operations, which are covered by a collective bargaining agreement
that will expire on March 31, 2022. As of October 1, 2020, the WISPP was certified by the plan’s actuaries as being in the Green Zone, as defined by the
Pension Protection Act of 2006. The Company contributed $4 million to the WISPP for the year ended August 31, 2021, and $3 million for each of the
years ended August 31, 2020 and 2019. These contributions represented more than 5% of total contributions to the WISPP for each year.

In 2004, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) approved a seven-year extension of the period over which the WISPP may amortize unfunded liabilities,
conditioned upon maintenance of certain minimum funding levels. In 2014, the WISPP obtained relief from the specified funding requirements from the
IRS, which requires that the WISPP meet a minimum funded percentage on each valuation date and achieve a funded percentage of 100% as of October 1,
2029. Based on the most recent actuarial valuation for the WISPP, the funded percentage using the valuation method prescribed by the IRS satisfied the
minimum funded percentage requirement.

Company contributions to all of the multiemployer plans were $6 million for each of the years ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019.

Defined Contribution Plans

The  Company  has  several  defined  contribution  plans  covering  certain  employees.  Company  contributions  to  the  defined  contribution  plans  totaled  $4
million for each of the years ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019.

Deferred Compensation Plan

In fiscal 2021, the Company established a non-qualified deferred compensation plan (the “DCP”) which permits eligible employees to elect to defer receipt
of  compensation  including  salary,  bonuses,  and  certain  equity  awards  made  under  the  Company’s  long-term  incentive  plan.  The  DCP  also  allows  the
Company  to  make  discretionary  contributions  to  participant  accounts  that  may  be  subject  to  one  or  more  vesting  schedules.  Participant  contributions,
excluding equity awards subject to vesting conditions, are fully vested at all times. The deferred compensation liability as of August 31, 2021 was less than
$1 million, consisted entirely of deferred salary, and was classified within other long-term liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company
maintains  a  rabbi  trust  to  fund  obligations  under  the  DCP.  The  carrying  value  of  assets  held  in  the  rabbi  trust,  which  comprise  company-owned  life
insurance policies, substantially equaled the deferred compensation liability as of August 31, 2021. The rabbi trust asset is classified within other assets in
the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Note 13 - Share-Based Compensation

The Company’s 1993 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (the “SIP”), was established to provide for the grant of stock-based compensation awards to its
employees,  consultants,  and  directors.  The  SIP  authorizes  the  grant  of  restricted  shares,  restricted  stock  units,  performance-based  awards  including
performance  share  awards,  stock  options,  and  stock  appreciation  rights,  and  other  stock-based  awards.  The  SIP  is  administered  by  the  Compensation
Committee  of  the  Company’s  Board  of  Directors  (“Compensation  Committee”).  There  are  12.2 million  shares  of  Class  A  common  stock  reserved  for
issuance under the SIP, of which 2.2 million were available for future grants as of August 31, 2021. Share-based compensation expense recognized in cost
of goods sold or selling, general, and administrative expense, as applicable, was $18 million, $10 million, and $17 million for the years ended August 31,
2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. The Company capitalized less than $1 million of share-based compensation cost to the cost of qualifying long-lived
assets in each of fiscal 2021 and 2020.

Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”)

During the years ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, the Compensation Committee granted 317,760, 470,917, and 261,642 RSUs, respectively, to the
Company’s key employees under the SIP. RSUs generally vest 20% per year over five years commencing October 31 of the year after grant. Each RSU
entitles the recipient to receive one share of Class A common stock upon vesting.

82 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The  estimated  fair  value  of  an  RSU  is  based  on  the  market  closing  price  of  the  underlying  Class  A  common  stock  on  the  date  of  grant.  The  weighted
average grant date fair value of RSUs granted was $22.26, $14.88, and $27.61 per unit for the years ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.
The total estimated fair value of RSUs granted during each of the years ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 was $7 million. For RSUs granted in each
of the years ended August 31, 2020 and 2021, the compensation cost associated with these RSUs is recognized over the requisite service period of the
awards, net of forfeitures, which for participants who were retirement eligible as of the grant date or who will become retirement eligible during the five-
year term of the award is the longer of two years or the period ending on the date retirement eligibility is achieved. For the awards granted in the year ended
August 31, 2019, RSU compensation cost is recognized over the requisite service period of the award, net of estimated forfeitures, or to the date retirement
eligibility  is  achieved  (if  before  the  end  of  the  service  period).  RSU  compensation  cost  was $7 million,  $4  million,  and  $6  million  for  the  years  ended
August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

A summary of the Company’s RSU activity for the year ended August 31, 2021 is as follows:

Outstanding as of August 31, 2020
Granted
Vested
Forfeited
Outstanding as of August 31, 2021

Number of
Units
(in thousands)

Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

986    $
318    $
(327)   $
(21)   $
956    $

20.10 
22.26 
20.95 
15.50 
20.62

The total fair value of RSUs which vested, based on the market closing price of the underlying Class A common stock on the vesting date, was $10 million,
$6 million, and $7 million for the years ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. As of August 31, 2021, total unrecognized compensation
costs related to unvested RSUs amounted to $10 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of two years.

Performance Share Awards

The SIP authorizes performance-based awards to certain employees subject to certain conditions and restrictions. Vesting is subject to both the continued
employment  of  the  participant  with  the  Company  and  the  achievement  of  certain  performance  goals  established  by  the  Compensation  Committee.  A
participant generally must be employed by the Company on October 31 following the end of the performance period to receive an award payout. However,
adjusted  awards  will  be  paid  if  employment  terminates  earlier  on  account  of  a  qualifying  employment  termination  event  such  as  death,  disability,
retirement, termination without cause after the first year of the performance period, or a sale of the Company.

The Compensation Committee determined that performance share awards granted in fiscal years 2021, 2020, and 2019 comprise two separate and distinct
awards with different vesting conditions. Awards vest if the threshold level under the specified metric is met at the end of the approximately three-year
performance  period.  The  award  performance  metrics  were  the  Company’s  total  shareholder  return  (“TSR”)  relative  to  a  designated  peer  group  and  the
Company’s return on capital employed (“ROCE”). Awards share payouts depend on the extent to which the performance goals have been achieved. The
number  of  shares  that  a  participant  receives  is  equal  to  the  award  granted  multiplied  by  a  payout  factor,  which  ranges  from  a  threshold  of  50%  to  a
maximum of 200%. The TSR award stipulates certain limitations to the payout in the event the payout reaches a defined ceiling level or the Company’s
TSR is negative.

The Company estimates the fair value of TSR awards using a Monte-Carlo simulation model utilizing several key assumptions, including the following for
TSR awards granted during the years ended August 31:

Expected share price volatility (SSI)
Expected share price volatility (Peer group)
Expected correlation to peer group companies
Risk-free rate of return

2021

2020

2019

48.5%  
54.9%  
44.5%  
0.23%  

38.9%  
44.5%  
34.3%  
1.58%  

42.5%
51.4%
35.6%
2.89%

83 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The compensation cost for the TSR awards based on the grant-date fair value, net of estimated forfeitures, is recognized over the requisite service period
(or to the date a qualifying employment termination event entitles the recipient to a prorated award, if before the end of the service period), regardless of
whether the market condition has been or will be satisfied. Compensation cost for TSR awards was $3 million, $3 million, and $4 million for the years
ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

The fair value of the ROCE awards granted is based on the market closing price of the underlying Class A common stock on the grant date. The Company
accrues compensation cost for ROCE awards based on the probable outcome of achieving specified performance conditions, net of estimated forfeitures,
over the requisite service period (or to the date a qualifying employment termination event entitles the recipient to a prorated award, if before the end of the
service period). The Company reassesses whether achievement of the ROCE performance conditions is probable at each reporting date. If it is probable that
the actual performance results will exceed the stated target performance conditions, the Company accrues additional compensation cost for the additional
performance  shares  to  be  awarded.  If,  upon  reassessment,  it  is  no  longer  probable  that  the  actual  performance  results  will  exceed  the  stated  target
performance  conditions,  or  that  it  is  no  longer  probable  that  the  target  performance  conditions  will  be  achieved,  the  Company  reverses  any  recognized
compensation cost for shares no longer probable of being issued. If the performance conditions are not achieved at the end of the performance period, all
related compensation cost previously recognized is reversed. Compensation cost for ROCE awards and other performance share awards with a non-market
performance  metric  granted  prior  to  fiscal  2018  was  $7  million,  $2  million,  and  $6  million  for  the  years  ended  August  31,  2021,  2020,  and  2019,
respectively.

During the years ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, the Compensation Committee granted a total of 316,649 (157,791 TSR and 158,858 ROCE),
337,770  (165,834  TSR  and  171,936  ROCE),  and  254,620  (123,812  TSR  and  130,808  ROCE)  performance  share  awards,  respectively.  The  weighted
average grant date fair value per share of performance share awards granted was $22.33, $21.32, and $28.37 for the years ended August 31, 2021, 2020,
and 2019, respectively.

A summary of the Company’s performance-based awards activity for the year ended August 31, 2021 is as follows:

Outstanding as of August 31, 2020
Granted
Performance achievement(1)
Vested
Forfeited
Outstanding as of August 31, 2021

Number of
Awards
(in thousands)

Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

798    $
317    $
90    $
(320)   $
(12)   $
873   

25.19 
22.33 
26.60 
27.12 
23.11 
23.62

(1)

Reflects the net number of awards achieved above target levels based on actual performance measured at the end of the performance period.

The total fair value of performance share awards which vested, based on the market closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock on the vesting
date,  was  $7  million,  $10  million,  and  $13  million  for  the  years  ended  August  31,  2021,  2020,  and  2019,  respectively.  As  of  August  31,  2021,  total
unrecognized  compensation  costs  related  to  unvested  performance  share  awards  amounted  to  $11  million,  which  is  expected  to  be  recognized  over  a
weighted average period of two years.

Deferred Stock Units (“DSUs”)

The Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors (“DSU Plan”) provides for the issuance of DSUs to non-employee directors to be granted
under  the  DSU  Plan.  Each  DSU  gives  the  director  the  right  to  receive  one  share  of  Class  A  common  stock  at  a  future  date.  Immediately  following  the
annual meeting of shareholders, each non-employee director will receive DSUs which will become fully vested on the day before the next annual meeting,
subject to continued service on the Board. The compensation cost associated with the DSUs granted is recognized over the requisite service period of the
awards.

The Company will issue Class A common stock to a director pursuant to vested DSUs in a lump sum in January of the first year after the director ceases to
be a director of the Company, subject to the right of the director to elect an installment payment program under the DSU Plan.

DSUs granted during the years ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 totaled 28,042 units, 41,592 units, and 31,218 units, respectively. The compensation
cost  associated  with  DSUs  and  the  total  value  of  shares  vested  during  each  of  the  years  ended  August  31,  2021,  2020,  and  2019,  as  well  as  the
unrecognized compensation cost as of August 31, 2021, were not material.

84 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 14 - Income Taxes

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes was as follows for the years ended August 31 (in thousands):

United States
Foreign
Total

2021

2020

2019

  $

  $

195,037    $
12,952   
207,989    $

(5,649)   $
3,710   
(1,939)   $

69,476 
6,764 
76,240

Income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations consisted of the following for the years ended August 31 (in thousands):

Current:

Federal
State
Foreign

Total current tax expense (benefit)

Deferred:
Federal
State
Foreign

Total deferred tax expense

Total income tax expense

2021

2020

2019

  $

  $

27,244    $
3,811   
(4)  
31,051   

6,939   
(547)  
492   
6,884   
37,935    $

(15,778)   $
329   
519   
(14,930)  

12,292   
1,338   
1,466   
15,096   

166    $

2,690 
315 
52 
3,057 

12,930 
794 
889 
14,613 
17,670

A reconciliation of the difference between the federal statutory rate and the Company’s effective tax rate for the years ended August 31 is as follows:

Federal statutory rate
State taxes, net of credits
Foreign income taxed at different rates
Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets
Federal rate change
Non-deductible officers’ compensation
Other non-deductible expenses
Noncontrolling interests
Research and development credits
Tax return to provision adjustment
Unrecognized tax benefits
Interest income
Excess tax benefit from stock-based compensation
Foreign derived intangible income
Other
Effective tax rate

2021

2020

2019

21.0%  
1.4 
(0.5)  
(1.0)  
0.4 
1.2 
0.4 
(0.5)  
(1.5)  
— 
0.9 
(0.1)  
(0.2)  
(2.5)  
(0.8)  
18.2%  

21.0%  
(57.9)
(11.6)
(24.5)
71.9 
(46.9)
(66.0)
21.1 
99.3 
89.2 
(97.3)
9.0 
3.0 
— 
(18.9)
(8.6)%  

21.0%
1.2 
(0.2)
(0.2)
— 
1.8 
1.0 
(0.5)
(0.5)
0.5 
0.7 
(0.4)
(1.2)
— 
— 
23.2%

85 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Effective Tax Rate

SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Company’s effective tax rate from continuing operations for fiscal 2021 was an expense on pre-tax income of 18.2%, compared to an expense on pre-
tax loss of 8.6% for fiscal 2020. The Company’s effective tax rate from continuing operations for fiscal 2021 was lower than the U.S. federal statutory rate
of  21%  primarily  due  to  the  benefit  from  the  foreign  derived  intangible  income  deduction  in  fiscal  2021  and  the  impacts  of  research  and  development
credits,  release  of  the  valuation  allowance  against  Puerto  Rico  deferred  tax  assets,  and  other  discrete  items.  The  reconciling  differences  between  the
Company’s effective tax rate from continuing operations for fiscal 2020 and the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% are exaggerated due to the Company’s
near-break-even  pre-tax  loss  from  continuing  operations  of  $2  million  for  fiscal  2020,  despite  none  of  the  reconciling  differences  being  individually
material.  The  Company’s  effective  tax  rate  from  continuing  operations  for  fiscal  2020  was  lower  than  the  U.S.  federal  statutory  rate,  and  reflective  of
income tax expense on a pre-tax loss from continuing operations, primarily due to the partially offsetting impacts of individually immaterial permanent
differences from non-deductible expenses and research and development credits, the effects of unrecognized tax benefits, and the aggregate impact of state
taxes.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was enacted into law. The CARES Act contains several income
tax  provisions,  as  well  as  other  measures,  aimed  at  assisting  businesses  impacted  by  the  economic  effects  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  Among  other
provisions, the CARES Act removes certain limitations on utilization of net operating losses (“NOLs”) and allows for carrybacks of certain past and future
NOLs. The Company applied the NOL carryback provisions of the CARES Act to its NOL for fiscal 2020, which resulted in the reclassification of a $11
million NOL deferred income tax asset to refundable income taxes and recognition of a $1 million income tax benefit in the third quarter of fiscal 2020.
The Company does not anticipate the other income tax provisions of the CARES Act to have a material impact on its financial statements.

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Deferred tax assets and liabilities comprised the following as of August 31 (in thousands):

Deferred tax assets:

Operating lease liabilities
Amortizable goodwill and other intangibles
Employee benefit accruals
Net operating loss carryforwards
Environmental liabilities
Other contingencies(1)
State credit carryforwards
Federal credit carryforwards
Inventory valuation methods
Other
Valuation allowances

Total deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities:

Accelerated depreciation and other basis differences
Operating lease right-of-use assets
Investment in operating partnerships
Uncertain tax positions
Prepaid expense acceleration and other

Total deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax liabilities

2021

2020

  $

  $

20,645    $
13,490   
14,007   
7,642   
10,508   
5,044   
7,216   
—   
2,129   
2,459   
(14,522)  
68,618   

43,304   
19,895   
12,410   
—   
6,041   
81,650   
(13,032)   $

22,676 
17,455 
9,246 
8,484 
7,938 
4,133 
7,933 
5,116 
2,865 
2,941 
(16,933)
71,854 

39,596 
21,104 
14,703 
4,936 
2,655 
82,994 
(11,140)

(1) The deferred tax asset balance as of August 31, 2020 was classified within “Other” in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2020.

As of August 31, 2021, foreign operating loss carryforwards were $10 million, which expire if not used between 2025 and 2041. State credit carryforwards
will expire if not used between 2021 and 2035.

86 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Valuation Allowances

The  Company  assesses  the  realizability  of  its  deferred  tax  assets  on  a  quarterly  basis  through  an  analysis  of  potential  sources  of  future  taxable  income,
including  prior  year  taxable  income  available  to  absorb  a  carryback  of  tax  losses,  reversals  of  existing  taxable  temporary  differences,  tax  planning
strategies, and forecasts of taxable income. The Company considers all negative and positive evidence, including the weight of the evidence, to determine if
valuation  allowances  against  deferred  tax  assets  are  required.  In  fiscal  2021,  the  Company  released  the  valuation  allowance  against  its  Puerto  Rican
deferred tax assets resulting in a discrete tax benefit of $2 million. The release of this valuation allowance was the result of sufficient positive evidence at
the  time,  including  cumulative  income  in  the  Company’s  Puerto  Rico  tax  jurisdiction  in  recent  years  and  projections  of  future  taxable  income  based
primarily  on  the  Company's  improved  financial  performance,  that  it  is  more-likely-than-not  that  the  deferred  tax  assets  will  be  realized.  The  Company
continues to maintain valuation allowances against certain state and Canadian deferred tax assets. Canadian deferred tax assets against which the Company
continues to maintain a valuation allowance relate to indefinite-lived assets.

Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes

The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company’s reserve for unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest and penalties, for the years
ended August 31 (in thousands):

Unrecognized tax benefits, as of the beginning of the year
(Reductions) additions for tax positions of prior years
Additions for tax positions of the current year
Reductions for lapse of statutes
Unrecognized tax benefits, as of the end of the year

2021

2020

2019

  $

  $

7,456    $
(574)  
1,486   
(48)  
8,320    $

5,410    $
1,368   
852   
(174)  
7,456    $

5,054 
(151)
507 
— 
5,410

The Company does not anticipate any material changes to the reserve in the next 12 months. The recognized amount of tax-related penalties and interest
was not material for each of the fiscal years presented in this report.

The Company files federal and state income tax returns in the U.S. and foreign tax returns in Puerto Rico and Canada. For U.S. federal income tax returns,
fiscal years 2014 to 2021 remain subject to examination under the statute of limitations.

Note 15 - Restructuring Charges and Other Exit-Related Activities

In fiscal 2020, the Company implemented restructuring initiatives aimed at further reducing its annual operating expenses, primarily selling, general, and
administrative, mainly through reductions in non-trade procurement spend, including outside and professional services, lower employee-related expenses,
and other non-headcount measures. Additionally, in April 2020, the Company announced its intention to modify its internal organizational and reporting
structure to the One Schnitzer functionally-based, integrated model, which it completed in the first quarter of fiscal 2021. During fiscal 2020, the Company
incurred severance costs of $2 million, exit-related costs associated with a lease contract termination of $1 million, and professional services costs related
to these initiatives of $6 million.

87 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 16 - Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The following table sets forth the information used to compute basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI shareholders for the years
ended August 31 (in thousands):

2021

2020

2019

Income (loss) from continuing operations
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to SSI shareholders
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
Net income (loss) attributable to SSI shareholders

Computation of shares:

  $

  $

170,054    $
(4,863)  
165,191   
(79)  
165,112    $

(2,105)   $
(1,945)  
(4,050)  
(95)  
(4,145)   $

Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic
Incremental common shares attributable to dilutive performance share, RSU and DSU
awards
Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted

27,982   

27,672   

1,211   
29,193   

—   
27,672   

58,570 
(1,977)
56,593 
(248)
56,345 

27,527 

695 
28,222

No common stock equivalent shares were considered antidilutive for the year ended August 31, 2021. Common stock equivalent shares of 629,223 and
92,873 were considered antidilutive and were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to SSI shareholders for the
years ended August 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Note 17 - Related Party Transactions

The Company purchases recycled metal from one of its joint venture operations at prices that approximate fair market value. These purchases totaled $20
million, $11 million, and $15 million for the years ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively.

Note 18 - Subsequent Events

Steel Mill Fire

As disclosed in “Accounting for Impacts of Steel Mill Fire” within Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, on May 22, 2021, the Company
experienced a fire at its steel mill in McMinnville, Oregon. The Company filed insurance claims for the property that experienced physical loss or damage
and business income losses resulting from the matter. During the first quarter of fiscal 2022 through the date of this report, the Company received advance
payments  from  insurance  carriers  totaling  approximately  $30  million  towards  the  Company’s  claims,  and  not  reflecting  any  final  or  full  settlement  of
claims with the carriers.

Acquisition of Columbus Recycling

On August 12, 2021, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with Columbus Recycling, a leading provider of recycled ferrous and nonferrous
metal products and recycling services, to acquire eight metals recycling facilities across several states in the Southeast, including Mississippi, Tennessee,
and  Kentucky.  The  transaction  closed  on  October  1,  2021,  during  the  first  quarter  of  the  Company’s  fiscal  2022.  The  acquired  Columbus  Recycling
operations purchase and process scrap metal from industrial manufacturers, local recycling companies, and individuals, and sell the recycled products to
regional  foundries  and  steel  mills.  Combined  with  the  Company’s  twelve  existing  metals  recycling  facilities  in  Georgia,  Alabama,  and  Tennessee,  the
acquired operations offer additional recycling products, services, and logistics solutions to customers and suppliers across the Southeast. The cash purchase
price  was  approximately  $107  million,  subject  to  adjustment  for  acquired  net  working  capital  relative  to  an  agreed-upon  benchmark,  as  well  as  other
adjustments.  The  Company  funded  the  business  acquisition  using  cash  on  hand  and  borrowings  under  existing  credit  facilities.  Due  to  the  short  period
between  the  closing  of  the  acquisition  and  the  issuance  of  this  report,  the  Company  is  unable  to  provide  certain  disclosures  required  by  U.S.  GAAP
concerning  the  acquisition including,  but  not  limited  to,  the  amounts  recognized  as  of  the  acquisition  date  for  each  major  class  of  assets  acquired  and
liabilities assumed and the amount of goodwill remaining after the allocation of the purchase price.

88 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Column A

Description

Fiscal 2021
Allowance for credit losses
Deferred tax valuation allowance
Fiscal 2020
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Deferred tax valuation allowance
Fiscal 2019
Allowance for doubtful accounts
Deferred tax valuation allowance

Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

For the Years Ended August 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019
(In thousands)

  Column B  
Balance at
Beginning
of Period

  Column C  
Charged to
Cost

  Column D  

and Expense     Deductions

  Column E  
Balance at
End of
Period

  $
  $

  $
  $

  $
  $

1,593    $
16,933    $

1,569    $
16,436    $

2,586    $
16,484    $

—    $
482    $

(27)   $
(2,893)   $

66    $
1,293    $

(42)   $
(796)   $

74    $
472    $

(1,091)   $
(520)   $

1,566 
14,522 

1,593 
16,933 

1,569 
16,436

89 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
   
    
 
    
 
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits
under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s
rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated,
can  only  provide  reasonable  assurance  of  achieving  the  desired  control  objectives.  The  Company’s  management,  with  the  participation  of  the  Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has completed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure
controls  and  procedures  as  of  August  31,  2021.  Based  on  this  evaluation,  the  Company’s  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer  have
concluded that, as of August 31, 2021, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting is presented within Part II, Item 8 of this report and is incorporated herein by
reference.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There  was  no  change  in  the  Company’s  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  (as  that  term  is  defined  in  Rules  13a-15(f)  and  15d-15(f)  under  the
Exchange Act) during its most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control
over financial reporting.

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

Not applicable.

90 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
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ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

PART III

Information  required  by  Item  401  of  Regulation  S-K  regarding  directors,  and  information  required  by  Items  405,  407(c)(3),  407(d)(4)  and  407(d)(5)  of
Regulation S-K, will be included under “Election of Directors,” “Corporate Governance,” and Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance”
in the Company’s Proxy Statement for its 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.

Information regarding executive officers is included in Part I, Item 1 “Business – Executive Officers of the Company” of this Form 10-K as permitted by
General Instruction G(3).

Code of Ethics

On November 9, 2020, the Board of Directors approved a revised Company’s Code of Conduct that is applicable to all of its directors and employees. This
document  is  posted  under  the  caption  “Company  –  About  Schnitzer  –  Ethics  &  Code  of  Conduct”  on  the  Company’s  internet  website
(www.schnitzersteel.com) and is available free of charge by calling the Company or submitting a request to ir@schn.com. The Company intends to satisfy
its disclosure obligations with respect to any amendments to or waivers of the Code of Conduct for directors, executive officers or Senior Financial Officers
by posting such information on its internet website set forth above rather than by filing a Form 8-K.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Information required by this Item 11 is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement for our 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to
be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.

ITEM  12.  SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT  AND  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER
MATTERS

Information required by this Item 12 is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement for our 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to
be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Information required by this Item 13 is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement for our 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to
be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Information required by this Item 14 is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement for our 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to
be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.

91 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

      (a)

 The following documents are filed as part of this report:

PART IV

       1.

 Financial Statements:

 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of August 31, 2021 and 2020

 Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the three years ended August 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019

Consolidated  Statements  of  Comprehensive  Income  (Loss)  for  each  of  the  three  years  ended  August  31,  2021,  2020  and
2019

 Consolidated Statements of Equity for each of the three years ended August 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019

 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years ended August 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019

 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

       2.

 Financial Statement Schedules:

FORM 10-K
PAGE

52

54

55

56

57

58

60

89

       3.

       3.1

       3.2

       4.1

     10.1

     10.2

     10.3

     10.4

     10.5

 Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for each of the three years ended August 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019

 All other schedules are omitted as the information is either not applicable or is not required.

 Exhibits:

2006 Restated Articles of Incorporation (as corrected December 2, 2011) of the Registrant. Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended November 30, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference.

Restated Bylaws of the Registrant. Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 16, 2013, and
incorporated herein by reference.

 Description of Registrant’s Securities.

Lease Agreement, dated September 1, 1988, between Schnitzer Investment Corp. and the Registrant, as amended, relating to the Portland
Metals Recycling operation and which has terminated except for surviving indemnity obligations. Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s
Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on September 24, 1993 (Commission File No. 33-69352), and incorporated herein by reference
(P).

Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated May 4, 2005, between Schnitzer Investment Corp. and the Registrant, relating to purchase by the
Registrant of the Portland Metals Recycling operations real estate. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K
filed on May 10, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.

Third Amended Shared Services Agreement, dated July 26, 2006, between the Registrant, Schnitzer Investment Corp. and Island
Equipment Company, Inc. Filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 28, 2006, and incorporated
herein by reference.

Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of April 6, 2016 among Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc., as the US Borrower, and
Schnitzer Steel Canada Ltd., as a Canadian Borrower, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the other Lenders party
thereto. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 29, 2016, and
incorporated herein by reference.

Security Agreement dated as of April 6, 2016 among Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc., the other Grantor’s party thereto and Bank of
America, N.A., as Administrative Agent. Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
February 29, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference.

92 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
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     10.6

     10.7

     10.8

   *10.9

   *10.10

   *10.11

   *10.12

   *10.13

   *10.14

   *10.15

   *10.16

   *10.17

   *10.18

   *10.19

   *10.20

   *10.21

General Security Agreement dated as of April 6, 2016 between Schnitzer Steel Canada Ltd. and Bank of America, N.A., as Collateral
Agent. Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 29, 2016, and incorporated
herein by reference.

First Amendment, dated as of August 24, 2018, to Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of April 6, 2016 among
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc., as the US Borrower, and Schnitzer Steel Canada Ltd., as a Canadian Borrower, Bank of America, N.A., as
Administrative Agent, and the other Lenders party thereto. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on
August 28, 2018, and incorporated herein by reference.

Second Amendment to Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of June 30, 2020 among Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. as
the US Borrower, and Schnitzer Steel Canada Ltd., as a Canadian Borrower, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and the
other Lenders party thereto. Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2020,
and incorporated herein by reference.

Amended Executive Annual Bonus Plan. Filed as Appendix A to the Registrant’s Annual Proxy Report on Form DEF 14A filed on
December 17, 2014, and incorporated herein by reference.

Annual Incentive Compensation Plan, effective September 1, 2006. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-
Q for the quarter ended February 28, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference.

1993 Stock Incentive Plan of the Registrant as Amended and Restated on November 7, 2013. Filed as Appendix A to the Registrant’s
Definitive Proxy Statement filed on December 18, 2013, and incorporated herein by reference.

Form of Deferred Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 1993 Stock Incentive Plan used for non-employee directors. Filed as Exhibit
10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 28, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.

Deferred Compensation Plan for Non-Employee Directors. Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on
July 28, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.

Summary Sheet for 2021 Non-Employee Director Compensation. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended February 28, 2021, and incorporated herein by reference.

Amended and Restated Supplemental Executive Retirement Bonus Plan of the Registrant effective January 1, 2009. Filed as Exhibit 10.1
to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2009, and incorporated herein by reference.

Form of Change in Control Severance Agreement between the Registrant and executive officers other than Tamara L. Lundgren and used
for agreements entered into prior to 2011. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 5, 2008, and
incorporated herein by reference.

Form of Change in Control Severance Agreement between the Registrant and executive officers and used for agreements entered into
between 2011 and 2014. Filed as Exhibit 10.19 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed October 29, 2013 and incorporated
herein by reference.

Form of Change in Control Severance Agreement between the Registrant and executive officers and used for agreements entered into after
2014. Filed as Exhibit 10.16 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed October 27, 2015, and incorporated herein by
reference.

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement by and between the Registrant and Tamara L. Lundgren dated October 29, 2008. Filed as
Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 4, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference.

Amendment No. 1 dated June 29, 2011 to Amended and Restated Employment Agreement by and between the Registrant and Tamara L.
Lundgren dated October 29, 2008. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31,
2011 and incorporated herein by reference.

Amendment No. 2 dated July 25, 2017 to Amended and Restated Employment Agreement by and between the Registrant and Tamara L.
Lundgren dated October 29, 2008. Filed as Exhibit 10.19 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 31,
2017, and incorporated herein by reference.

93 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
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   *10.22

   *10.23

   *10.24

   *10.25

   *10.26

   *10.27

   *10.28

   *10.29

   *10.30

   *10.31

   *10.32

   *10.33

   *10.34

   *10.35

   *10.36

   *10.37

Amended and Restated Change in Control Severance Agreement by and between the Registrant and Tamara L. Lundgren dated October
29, 2008. Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 4, 2008, and incorporated herein by
reference.

Form of Indemnification Agreement for Directors and certain officers used for agreements entered into prior to 2016. Filed as Exhibit 10.3
to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 28, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.

Form of Indemnification Agreement for Directors and certain officers used for agreements entered into after 2015. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to
the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 3, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference.

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement by and between the Registrant and John D. Carter dated June 29, 2011. Filed as Exhibit
10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference.

Amendment No. 1 dated November 6, 2012 to the Amended and Restated Employment Agreement by and between the Registrant and
John D. Carter dated June 29, 2011. Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
November 30, 2012 and incorporated herein by reference.

Amendment No. 2 dated October 29, 2014 to the Amended and Restated Employment Agreement by and between the Registrant and John
D. Carter dated June 29, 2011. Filed as Exhibit 10.25 to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 31, 2017,
and incorporated herein by reference.

Amendment No. 3, dated October 25, 2017, to the Amended and Restated Agreement for Services by and between the Registrant and John
D. Carter dated June 29, 2011. Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
November 30, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 1993 Stock Incentive Plan used for awards granted after the first half of fiscal
2016 through fiscal 2018. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2016 and
incorporated herein by reference.

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 1993 Stock Incentive Plan used for awards granted in fiscal 2019. Filed as
Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended November 30, 2018 and incorporated herein by
reference.

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 1993 Stock Incentive Plan used for awards granted in fiscal 2020. Filed as
Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference.

Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 1993 Stock Incentive Plan used for awards granted in fiscal 2021. Filed as
Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended November 30, 2020 and incorporated herein by
reference.

Form of Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement under the 1993 Stock Incentive Plan used for awards granted in fiscal 2019. Filed as
Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended November 30, 2018 and incorporated
herein by reference.

Form of Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement under the 1993 Stock Incentive Plan used for awards granted in fiscal 2020. Filed as
Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended November 30, 2019 and incorporated
herein by reference.

Form of Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement under the 1993 Stock Incentive Plan used for awards granted in fiscal 2021. Filed as
Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended November 30, 2020 and incorporated
herein by reference.

Fiscal 2020 Annual Performance Bonus Program for Tamara L. Lundgren. Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended November 30, 2019 and incorporated herein by reference.

Fiscal 2021 Annual Performance Bonus Program for Tamara L. Lundgren. Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended November 30, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference.

94 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
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   *10.38

Schnitzer Steel Industries Deferred Compensation Plan. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on
May 4, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference.

     21.1

     23.1

     24.1

     31.1

     31.2

     32.1

     32.2

101.INS

101.SCH
101.CAL
101.DEF
101.LAB
101.PRE
104

 Subsidiaries of Registrant.

 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

 Powers of Attorney.

 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

 Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002.

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002.

Inline  XBRL  Instance  Document  –  the  instance  document  does  not  appear  in  the  Interactive  Data  File  because  its  XBRL  tags  are
embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
 Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*

Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

The  agreements  and  other  documents  filed  as  exhibits  to  this  report  are  not  intended  to  provide  factual  information  or  other  disclosure  other  than  with
respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations
and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document as
of the date they were made and may not describe the actual state of affairs for any other purpose or at any other time.

ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

95 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

Dated: October 21, 2021

SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
By:

   /s/ RICHARD D. PEACH
  Richard D. Peach

Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Strategy
Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant
on October 21, 2021 in the capacities indicated.

Signature

  Title

Principal Executive Officer:

/s/ TAMARA L. LUNDGREN
Tamara L. Lundgren

Principal Financial Officer:

/s/ RICHARD D. PEACH
Richard D. Peach

Principal Accounting Officer:

/s/ STEFANO GAGGINI
Stefano Gaggini

Directors:

*WAYLAND R. HICKS
Wayland R. Hicks

*RHONDA D. HUNTER
Rhonda D. Hunter

*DAVID L. JAHNKE
David L. Jahnke

*JUDITH A. JOHANSEN
Judith A. Johansen

*WILLIAM D. LARSSON
William D. Larsson

*GLENDA MINOR
Glenda Minor

*MICHAEL SUTHERLIN
Michael Sutherlin

  Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

  Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Strategy Officer

  Vice President, Deputy Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer

  Director

  Director

  Director

  Director

  Director

  Director

  Director

*By:   /s/ RICHARD D. PEACH

  Attorney-in-fact, Richard D. Peach

96 / Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. Form 10-K 2021

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
DESCRIPTION OF THE REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES
REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12 OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Exhibit 4.1

Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. (“Schnitzer,” “we,” “our,” or “us”) has one class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934, as amended: our common stock.

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following summary of the terms of our capital stock is based upon our 2006 Restated Articles of Incorporation (the “Articles of Incorporation”) and
our Restated Bylaws (the “Bylaws”). The summary is not complete, and is qualified by reference to our Articles of Incorporation and our Bylaws, which
are filed as exhibits to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and are incorporated by reference herein. We encourage you to read our Articles of Incorporation,
our Bylaws and the applicable provisions of the Oregon Business Corporation Act for additional information.

Authorized Shares of Capital Stock

Our authorized capital stock consists of 75,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, $1.00 par value, 25,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, $1.00
par value, and 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $1.00 par value. As of October 20, 2020, there were 26,907,823 shares of Class A common stock and
200,000 shares of Class B common stock issued and outstanding and no shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding. The outstanding shares of our
common stock are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid, and nonassessable.

Listing

Our Class A common stock is listed and principally traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “SCHN.”

Voting Rights

If the number of outstanding shares of Class B common stock is less than 20% of the sum of the number of outstanding shares of Class B common stock
and Class A common stock, the holders of shares of Class B common stock and Class A common stock vote together as a class and are entitled to one vote
per share on all matters submitted to the vote of shareholders. Our common stock does not have cumulative voting rights.

Dividend Rights

Subject to any preferential dividend rights granted to the holders of any shares of our preferred stock that may at the time be outstanding, holders of our
common  stock  are  entitled  to  receive  dividends  as  may  be  declared  from  time  to  time  by  our  Board  of  Directors  in  its  discretion  out  of  funds  legally
available for the payment of dividends.

Liquidation Rights

Subject to any preferential rights of outstanding shares of preferred stock, holders of our common stock are entitled to share pro rata, upon any liquidation
or dissolution of Schnitzer, in all remaining assets legally available for distribution to shareholders.

Other Rights and Preferences

Holders of Class B common stock have the right at any time to convert each share of Class B common stock into one share of Class A common stock.
Other  than  the  Class  B  common  stock  conversion  right  as  noted  above,  our  common  stock  has  no  sinking  fund,  redemption  provisions,  or  preemptive,
conversion, or exchange rights. Holders of our common stock may act by unanimous written consent.

Classified Board of Directors 

Our Board of Directors is classified into three classes of directors with staggered three-year terms.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

Equiniti is the transfer agent and registrar for our common stock.

 
 
 
 
SCHNITZER STEEL INDUSTRIES, INC.
List of Subsidiaries

Exhibit 21.1

Subsidiary
Auto Parts Group Southwest, LLC
Cascade Steel Rolling Mills, Inc.
Crawford Street Corporation
Edman Corp.
FerMar, LLC
Ferrum Bridge, LLC
Freetown Self Serve Used Auto Parts, LLC
Freetown Transfer Facility LLC
General Metals of Tacoma, Inc.
Joint Venture Operations, Inc.
Karileen, LLC
Maine Metal Recycling, Inc.
Manufacturing Management, Inc.
Metals Recycling, L.L.C.
Millis Industries, Inc.
Mormil Corp.
New England Metal Recycling, LLC
Norprop, Inc.
Oregon Rail Marketing Co.
Pacific Car Crushing, LLC
Pick A Part, Inc.
Pick and Pull Auto Dismantling, Inc.
Pick-N-Pull Auto Dismantlers
Pick-N-Pull Auto Dismantlers, Chicago, LLC
Pick-N-Pull Auto Dismantlers, Columbus, LLC
Pick-N-Pull Auto Dismantlers, Kansas City, LLC
Pick-N-Pull Auto Dismantlers, LLC
Pick-N-Pull Auto Dismantlers, Nevada, LLC
Pick-N-Pull Auto Dismantlers, Oakland
Pick-N-Pull Auto Dismantlers, St. Louis, LLC
Pick-N-Pull Auto Dismantlers, Stockton, LLC
Pick-N-Pull Auto Dismantlers, Virginia Beach, LLC
Pick-N-Pull Northwest, LLC
Pick-N-Pull San Jose Auto Dismantlers
Proleride Transport Systems, Inc.
Prolerized New England Company LLC
Recycling for a Better Tomorrow, a Schnitzer Steel Industries Charitable Foundation
Row52, LLC
SCHN Holdings, LLC
Schnitzer Columbus Recycling, LLC
Schnitzer Fresno, Inc.
Schnitzer Puerto Rico, Inc.
Schnitzer Southeast, LLC
Schnitzer Steel Canada, Ltd.
Schnitzer Steel Canadian Holdings, Inc.
Schnitzer Steel Hawaii Corp.
Schnitzer Trading Canada, Inc.
Schnitzer Trading International, Inc.
Scrap Financial Services, LLC
Scrap Marketing, Inc.
SFS II, LLC
SSI Big Sky LLC
SSI Burbank LLC
SSI Nevada LLC
SSP Reclamation Company
U-PULL-IT, Inc.
Western Pick-N-Pull Auto Dismantlers
White Top Properties L.L.C.

State of Incorporation
Delaware
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Delaware
Massachusetts
Massachusetts
Washington
Delaware
Washington
Maine
Oregon
Rhode Island
Massachusetts
Oregon
Massachusetts
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Washington
California
California General Partnership
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
California
Nevada
California General Partnership
Delaware
California
Delaware
Oregon
California General Partnership
Delaware
Delaware
Oregon
Delaware
Delaware
Delaware
Oregon
Puerto Rico
Georgia
British Columbia
Federally Chartered
Delaware
Federally Chartered
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Washington
Nevada
Oregon
California
Utah General Partnership
Oregon

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements on Form S‑8 (Nos. 333-21895, 333-100511, 333-160996) of Schnitzer
Steel  Industries,  Inc.  of  our  report  dated  October  21,  2021  relating  to  the  financial  statements  and  financial  statement  schedule  and  the  effectiveness  of
internal control over financial reporting, which appears in this Form 10‑K.

Exhibit 23.1

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Portland, Oregon
October 21, 2021

POWER OF ATTORNEY

(Form 10-K)

Exhibit 24.1

The undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints each of Richard D. Peach and Stefano Gaggini his true and lawful attorney and agent, with full
power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign the Annual Report on Form 10-K of
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. for the year ended August 31, 2021 and any and all amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and
other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each attorney and agent full power and authority to
do any and all acts and things necessary or advisable to be done, as fully and to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying
and confirming all that the attorney and agent or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

/s/ Wayland R. Hicks
WAYLAND R. HICKS

 
 
 
 
POWER OF ATTORNEY

(Form 10-K)

Exhibit 24.1

The undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints each of Richard D. Peach and Stefano Gaggini her true and lawful attorney and agent, with full
power of substitution and resubstitution, for her and in her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign the Annual Report on Form 10-K of
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. for the year ended August 31, 2021 and any and all amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and
other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each attorney and agent full power and authority to
do any and all acts and things necessary or advisable to be done, as fully and to all intents and purposes as she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying
and confirming all that the attorney and agent or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

/s/ Rhonda D. Hunter
RHONDA D. HUNTER

 
 
 
 
 
POWER OF ATTORNEY

(Form 10-K)

Exhibit 24.1

The undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints each of Richard D. Peach and Stefano Gaggini his true and lawful attorney and agent, with full
power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign the Annual Report on Form 10-K of
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. for the year ended August 31, 2021 and any and all amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and
other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each attorney and agent full power and authority to
do any and all acts and things necessary or advisable to be done, as fully and to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying
and confirming all that the attorney and agent or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

/s/ David L. Jahnke
DAVID L. JAHNKE

 
 
 
 
 
POWER OF ATTORNEY

(Form 10-K)

Exhibit 24.1

The undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints each of Richard D. Peach and Stefano Gaggini her true and lawful attorney and agent, with full
power of substitution and resubstitution, for her and in her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign the Annual Report on Form 10-K of
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. for the year ended August 31, 2021 and any and all amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and
other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each attorney and agent full power and authority to
do any and all acts and things necessary or advisable to be done, as fully and to all intents and purposes as she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying
and confirming all that the attorney and agent or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

/s/ Judith A. Johansen
JUDITH A. JOHANSEN

 
 
 
 
 
POWER OF ATTORNEY

(Form 10-K)

Exhibit 24.1

The undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints each of Richard D. Peach and Stefano Gaggini his true and lawful attorney and agent, with full
power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign the Annual Report on Form 10-K of
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. for the year ended August 31, 2021 and any and all amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and
other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each attorney and agent full power and authority to
do any and all acts and things necessary or advisable to be done, as fully and to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying
and confirming all that the attorney and agent or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

/s/ William D. Larsson
WILLIAM D. LARSSON

 
 
 
 
 
POWER OF ATTORNEY

(Form 10-K)

Exhibit 24.1

The undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints each of Richard D. Peach and Stefano Gaggini her true and lawful attorney and agent, with full
power of substitution and resubstitution, for her and in her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign the Annual Report on Form 10-K of
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. for the year ended August 31, 2021 and any and all amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and
other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each attorney and agent full power and authority to
do any and all acts and things necessary or advisable to be done, as fully and to all intents and purposes as she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying
and confirming all that the attorney and agent or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

/s/ Glenda Minor

GLENDA MINOR

 
 
 
 
 
POWER OF ATTORNEY

(Form 10-K)

Exhibit 24.1

The undersigned hereby constitutes and appoints each of Richard D. Peach and Stefano Gaggini his true and lawful attorney and agent, with full
power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign the Annual Report on Form 10-K of
Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. for the year ended August 31, 2021 and any and all amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and
other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto each attorney and agent full power and authority to
do any and all acts and things necessary or advisable to be done, as fully and to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying
and confirming all that the attorney and agent or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

/s/ Michael W. Sutherlin
MICHAEL W. SUTHERLIN

 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 31.1

I, Tamara L. Lundgren, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the
statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this
report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The  registrant's  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-
15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be  designed  under  our
supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by
others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our
supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for
external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most
recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely
to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.

The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the
registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  which  are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal
control over financial reporting.

October 21, 2021

/s/ Tamara L. Lundgren

Tamara L. Lundgren
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 31.2

I, Richard D. Peach, certify that:

1.

2.

3.

4.

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the
statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this
report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The  registrant's  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in
Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-
15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Designed  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures,  or  caused  such  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  to  be  designed  under  our
supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by
others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our
supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for
external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the
effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most
recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely
to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.

The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the
registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)

(b)

All  significant  deficiencies  and  material  weaknesses  in  the  design  or  operation  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  which  are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal
control over financial reporting.

October 21, 2021

/s/ Richard D. Peach

Richard D. Peach
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Strategy Officer

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 32.1

In connection with the Annual Report of Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021 as filed
with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  on  the  date  hereof  (the  “Report”),  I,  Chairman,  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  the  Company,
certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:

(1)

(2)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

October 21, 2021

/s/ Tamara L. Lundgren
Tamara L. Lundgren
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

 
 
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Exhibit 32.2

In connection with the Annual Report of Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2021 as filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Strategy
Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to my knowledge:

(1)

(2)

The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

October 21, 2021

/s/ Richard D. Peach
Richard D. Peach
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Strategy Officer