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Serica Energy PLC
Annual Report 2012

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FY2012 Annual Report · Serica Energy PLC
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Serica2012

SERICA ENERGY PLC  ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  2012

Serica Energy plc is an oil and 
gas exploration, development 
and production company with 
activities in Europe, Africa  
and Indonesia.

The Company’s shares are listed 
on AIM in London and on the 
Canadian TSX Exchange under 
the symbol SQZ.

02  Highlights
03  Summary
04  Licence interests
05  Chairman’s statement
07  Management’s discussion and analysis
07  Review of operations
12  Financial review
24  Consolidated financial statements
28  Corporate governance statement
31  Directors’ biographies
32   Directors’ responsibilities statement
33  Auditor’s report
35  Financial statements
73  Group proved plus probable reserves
74  Glossary
75  Corporate information

SERICA ENERGY PLC  ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS  2012

HIGHLIGHTS

  Financial 

•	 End	year		cash	balances	US$22.3	million,	no	debt
•	 Kambuna	field	generated	net	cash	of	US$9.2	million	during	the	year	but	gross	loss	of	US$3.9	million	after	non-cash	depletion	charges
•	 Loss	for	the	year	of	US$24.7	million	–	includes	cost	of	Spaniards	well	(US$8.8	million)	and	impairment	charges	to	Kambuna	field	as	it	

nears	end	of	economic	life	(US$4.4	million)

•	 Existing	resources	cover	2013	work	programme	and	commitments

  Operations

•	 Overall	targets	met	in	2012
•	 Secured	preliminary	development	consent	for	the	Columbus	Field	and	took	development	to	tender	document	stage
•	 Completed	four	farmouts	-	Luderitz	Blocks,	Foum	Draa,	Sidi	Moussa	and	UK	Block	22/19c	with	a	fifth,	UK	Blocks	113/26b	&	27c	(Doyle),	

awaiting completion

•	 Net	benefit	to	Company	from	farmouts	in	excess	of	US$40	million
•	 Completed	largest	continuous	3D	seismic	acquisition	programme	offshore	Namibia
•	 Preparations	for	drilling	Doyle	and	two	wells	offshore	Morocco	have	commenced
•	 2H2013	drilling	decision	in	Namibia	awaits	outcome	of	seismic	interpretation	–	proceeding	well

  Assets

  Columbus field:
•	 Discussions	in	hand	to	take	Columbus	production	direct	to	Lomond	field
•	 Alternative	routes	under	review

  Southern North Sea, York area:
•	 3D	seismic	survey	underway	to	evaluate	gas	prospects	adjacent	to	the	Centrica	operated	producing	York	gas	field

  East Irish Sea:
•	 Site	survey	recently	completed	over	Doyle	ready	to	commence	drilling	operations

  Norway:
•	 Bream	Field	awaits	development	decision	by	partner

  Namibia:
•	 Completed	4,180	square	kilometre	3D	seismic	survey	at	end	of	September	
•	 Fast	track	data	is	excellent	quality	and	early	indications	very	encouraging
•	 Serica	estimate	gross	P50	resource	potential	of	670	mmbbls	for	Prospect	B	with	substantial	upside	supported	by	independent	report
•	 BP	to	decide	in	2H2013	on	exercising	option	to	drill	well

  Morocco:
•	 Foum	Draa:	Transocean	Cajun	Express	deep	water	semi-submersible	drilling	rig	contracted	with	expected	spud	early	4Q2013
•	 Sidi	Moussa:	Noble	Paul	Romano	deep	water,	semi-submersible	rig	contracted	with	expected	spud	early	1Q2014

Ireland:

•	 Rockall	Basin:	Discussions	taking	place	with	potential	partners	for	Muckish	prospect
•	 Slyne	Basin:	Farm-out	campaign	planned	to	follow-up	Serica	2009	oil	discovery

  Outlook

  This year, our targets are to strengthen the gains of last year
•	
•	

to	bring	Columbus	to	project	sanction	and	complete	the	financing	arrangements,	which	had	reached	an	advanced	stage
to	complete	the	interpretation	of	the	large	Namibian	seismic	survey,	on-track	for	third	quarter,	to	enable	a	drilling	decision	to	be	made	in	
second half
to	see	drilling	commence	in	Morocco,	scheduled	to	take	place	in	the	fourth	quarter,	and
to	achieve	a	strategic	partnership	for	operations	in	our	Rockall	and	Slyne	Basin	blocks	offshore	Ireland,	which	is	beginning	to	attract	
industry interest and where we see great potential

•	
•	

2

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
SUMMARY FOR	2012

Company net oil and gas reserves

(working	interest	basis)

At 31 December

Gas	–	million	cubic	feet	

Condensate	and	LPG	–	barrels	

Total	–	barrels	of	oil	equivalent	

Financial position

Market	capitalisation	–	US$	

Net	current	assets	–	US$	

Cash	–	US$	

Number	of	shares	in	issue	

Number	of	shares	fully	diluted	

Proven and  

probable  

2012 

23,400	

1,600,000	

5,500,000	

74	million	

19	million	

22	million	

182,770,311	

193,728,771	

Proven and

probable

2011

28,000 

1,900,000 

6,800,000 

50 million 

21 million 

20 million 

176,660,311 

188,743,311

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

3

 
 
 
LICENCE INTERESTS

Serica’s	business	activities	are	focussed	in	two	separate	hubs	–	the	UK	Offshore	area,	including	an	economic	interest	in	the	Bream	
field	in	Norway,	and	a	substantial	portfolio	of	properties	in	four	distinct	Atlantic	margin	basins.		The	Company	retains	an	interest	in	the	
producing	Kambuna	field	in	Indonesia	which	is	nearing	the	end	of	its	economic	producing	life.

The following table summarises the Company’s licences as at 31 December 2012.

Block(s)  

Description 

Role 

Non-operator	
Non-operator	
Non-operator		

Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Columbus	Field	–	Development	planned	 Operator	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	

Non-operator	
Non-operator	
Non-operator	
Non-operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	

% at 
31/12/12 

21%	
21%	
15%	(1)	
50%	
37.5%	
37.5%	
37.5%	
37.5%	
100%	
65%	(2) 
65%	(2) 
100%	(3)	
100%	(3)	

50%	
50%	
50%	
100%	
100%	
100%	
100%	
100%	
100%	
100%	
100%	
100%	
100%	
100%	
100%	

55%	(4)	
55%	(4)	
55%	(4)	
55%	(4)	

Location

Central	North	Sea
Central	North	Sea
Central	North	Sea
Central	North	Sea
Southern	North	Sea
Southern	North	Sea
Southern	North	Sea
Southern	North	Sea
East	Irish	Sea
East Irish Sea
East Irish Sea
Northern	North	Sea
Northern	North	Sea

Slyne	Basin	
Slyne	Basin	
Slyne	Basin	
Rockall	Basin
Rockall	Basin
Rockall	Basin
Rockall	Basin
Rockall	Basin
Rockall	Basin
Rockall	Basin
Rockall	Basin
Rockall	Basin
Rockall	Basin
Rockall	Basin
Rockall	Basin

Luderitz	Basin
Luderitz	Basin
Luderitz	Basin
Luderitz	Basin

Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	

Operator	
Operator	
Operator	
Operator	

UK 
15/21g		
15/21a	(part)	
22/19c	
23/16f		
47/2b	(split)	
47/3g	(split)	
47/7	(split)	
47/8d	(part)	
110/8b	
113/26b	
113/27c	
210/19a	
210/20a	

Ireland 
27/4	
27/5	(part)	
27/9	
5/17	
5/18	
5/22	
5/23	
5/27	
5/28	
11/5	
11/10	
11/15	
12/1	
12/6	
12/11	(part)	

Namibia 
2512A	
2513A	
2513B	
2612A	(part)	

Morocco 
Foum	Draa	
Sidi	Moussa	

Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Exploration	

Exploration		
Exploration		
Exploration		
Exploration		

Exploration	
Exploration	

Non-operator	
Non-operator	

8.3333%	(5)	
5%	(6)	

Tarfaya-Ifni	Basin
Tarfaya-Ifni	Basin

Indonesia 
Glagah	Kambuna	TAC	 Kambuna	Field	Production	

Non-operator	

25%	

Offshore	North	Sumatra

Notes:
(1)	Interest	15%	following	completion	of	a	farm-out	to	JX	Nippon	under	which	JX	Nippon	will	meet	all	of	the	Company’s	costs	up	to	and	including,	at	JX	Nippon’s	

discretion, the drilling of one well.

(2)	Interest	subject	to	a	farm-out	agreement.
(3)	Interest	relinquished	in	January	2013.
(4)	Interest	subject	to	an	option	held	by	BP	which,	if	exercised,	will	reduce	to	17.5%	in	return	for	BP	meeting	the	full	cost	of	drilling	and	testing	a	well	to	the	

Barremian

(5)	Interest	8.3333%	following	completion	of	farm-out	to	Cairn	Energy	in	January	2013	under	which	Cairn	Energy	will	meet	the	cost	of	drilling	one	well	up	to	a	

maximum	gross	cost	of	US$60	million.

(6)	Interest	5%	following	completion	of	farm-out	to	Genel	Energy	in	March	2013	under	which	Genel	Energy	will	meet	the	cost	of	drilling	one	well	up	to	a	maximum	

gross	cost	of	US$50	million.

4

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT

Dear Shareholder

Serica	started	2012	in	pursuit	of	four	main	objectives;	to	
complete	the	farm-out	of	the	Luderitz	Basin	blocks	in	Namibia,	
to	undertake	the	large	3D	seismic	acquisition	programme	over	
those	blocks,	to	secure	farm-outs	for	each	of	our	two	blocks	
offshore	Morocco	and	to	reach	an	agreement	with	BG	to	enable	
development	work	to	commence	on	the	Columbus	field	in	the	
North	Sea.

Although we have recently run into a need to revise our plans 
for	Columbus,	we	achieved	all	of	the	above	objectives	set	for	
the	year.		The	Luderitz	Basin	blocks	were	farmed	out	to	BP	
and	we	successfully	completed	the	4,180	square	kilometre	3D	
survey,	the	Moroccan	blocks	were	farmed	out	to	Cairn	and	Genel	
respectively	and	agreement	was	reached	with	BG	on	the	cost	
sharing and transportation agreements to allow Columbus to 
proceed;	sufficient	that	we	went	out	to	tender	for	the	sub-sea	
work	in	March	this	year.

Throughout the year we made very good progress and did so 
against	the	backdrop	of	a	strict	control	of	costs	which	now	sees	
Serica as having boosted its efficiencies and productivity with 
amongst	the	lowest	G&A	costs	in	its	peer	group.

This	year,	our	targets	are	to	strengthen	the	gains	of	last	year;	to	
bring	Columbus	to	project	sanction	and	complete	the	financing	
arrangements, which had reached an advanced stage, to 
complete	the	interpretation	of	the	large	Namibian	seismic	survey,	
on-track	for	mid-year,	to	see	drilling	commence	in	Morocco,	
scheduled	to	take	place	in	the	fourth	quarter,	and	to	achieve	a	
strategic	partnership	for	operations	in	our	Rockall	and	Slyne	
Basin	blocks	offshore	Ireland,	which	is	beginning	to	attract	
industry interest and where we see great potential.

The	decision	taken	by	BG	in	early	April	this	year	not	to	proceed	
with	the	Bridge	Linked	Platform	(BLP)	to	Lomond	has	clearly	
impacted	our	Columbus	plans.		Discussions	are	taking	place	
with	BG	with	a	view	to	connecting	Columbus	directly	to	the	
Lomond platform, thereby securing an alternative export route 
which	would	require	a	minimum	of	re-engineering.		There	does	
not appear to be any technical reason why this should not be 
possible.  However, the outcome will rest on whether we are 
able to agree reasonable commercial terms in the time frame.  
Discussions are ongoing but the company is also reviewing 
alternative	routes	for	the	export	of	gas	and	liquids	production	
from	Columbus	should	agreement	with	BG	turn	out	not	to	be	
possible.

We	have	made	very	good	progress	elsewhere.		In	Namibia	we	
are well advanced with the interpretation of the 3D seismic 
data	acquired	last	year.		Early	indicators	are	very	encouraging	
with very large prospects clearly identified at several levels 
comprising	both	four-way	dip	closed	structures	and	large	
turbidite channel sand formations. Further encouragement has 
been received from a recent third party well drilled offshore in 
the	north	of	Namibia	which	has	recovered	good	quality	oil	and,	

importantly, has demonstrated the presence of deeper, mature 
source	rocks	at	a	level	capable	of	charging	the	prospects	in	
Serica’s	blocks.	Following	completion	of	the	full	processing	and	
interpretation	of	all	results	we	shall	be	discussing	with	BP	and	
partners the evidence to support an early drilling campaign and we 
will	be	making	a	decision	in	the	second	half	of	this	year.

In Morocco we are participating in a well to be drilled by Cairn in 
the	offshore	Foum	Draa	block	in	the	last	quarter	of	this	year	and	a	
second well to be drilled by Genel in the neighbouring Sidi Moussa 
block	early	next	year.		Both	wells	and	our	Namibia	licence,	on	all	of	
which we are largely carried, are high impact so we have a pretty 
eventful few months ahead of us.

As	I	mentioned	above,	Serica	has	taken	major	steps	to	control	all	
expenditures and we have been able to run the Company through a 
very	successful	programme	of	farm-outs	and	disposals	of	non-core	
assets.		In	addition	to	our	Namibian	and	Moroccan	farm-outs	we	
also	farmed-out	an	interest	in	North	Sea	Block	22/19c	and	have	
agreed	a	farm-out	of	the	Doyle	prospect	in	the	East	Irish	Sea.		The	
combination of these efforts has resulted in shareholders having 
exposure	to	a	major	drilling	programme	in	emerging	frontier	areas	
at	minimum	cost	and	risk.

During this period we have also benefitted from cash flow derived 
from	the	Kambuna	field	production	in	Indonesia.		This	field	is	now	
coming to the end of its commercial life and we expect to hand the 
production	facilities	over	to	Pertamina	in	June	or	July.

With	cessation	of	Kambuna	production	the	Directors	are	reviewing	
the	Company’s	limited	working	capital	position	and	the	longer	
term need to develop our wider asset base and provide financial 
capacity for future years.  The good progress that we had made 
with	BG	on	the	development	of	the	Columbus	field	was	intended	
to	provide	the	basis	to	take	the	Company	through	to	its	next	stage	
and financing arrangements were well in hand to enable us to 
achieve	this.		However,	the	current	uncertainty	created	by	BG’s	
decision	to	cancel	the	BLP	has	disrupted	these	financing	plans.

The	year-end	net	cash	balance	of	US$22.3	million,	coupled	with	
the	major	benefits	of	the	Company’s	farm-out	efforts	in	2012	and	
control over overhead costs, is sufficient to meet the Company’s 
projected	cash	requirements	to	the	end	of	2013	on	the	current	
programme.	The	Board	is	examining	a	range	of	strategic	options	
to address the resources needed to secure the full potential of the 
Company’s assets and provide for future growth for the period 
beyond	that	date.		In	reviewing	the	alternatives	it	is	the	Board’s	
objective	not	only	to	secure	the	finance	to	underpin	the	growth	
of its business into 2014 and future years but also to protect and 
enhance the value of the Company’s assets and to maximise the 
value to the benefit of shareholders.

We shall be providing shareholders with an update of the 
Company’s activities at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting 
to	be	held	on	27	June	2013	when	I	would	hope	to	be	able	to	report	
on	further	progress	with	the	Columbus	project.		I	and	my	Board	
colleagues	look	forward	to	receiving	shareholder	input	at	that	time.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

5

During	the	year	we	had	two	non-executive	changes	with	
Jonathan	Cartwright	leaving	the	Board	in	June	and	Jeffrey	Harris	
joining	the	Board	in	December	following	the	purchase	of	a	13.95%	
interest in the Company by Global Reserve Group LLC, of which 
Jeffrey	is	a	founder.		We	welcome	him	to	the	Board.		This	year,	
Peter	Sadler	has	expressed	a	wish	to	return	to	his	country	of	
domicile,	Australia.		Peter	has	been	a	very	strong	member	of	our	
Executive	team	since	he	joined	in	2008	and	the	Company	owes	a	
great	deal	to	his	skills	and	experience.		Peter	is	standing	down	
as an Executive Director with effect from the conclusion of the 
Annual General Meeting but I am delighted that we are retaining 
his input under new contractual arrangements under which he 
will help us to identify new business opportunities.

I am conscious that I have now served two years as interim 
CEO.		It	was	the	Board’s	objective	that	we	could	have	found	a	
new	CEO	to	take	the	Company	forward.		This	continues	to	be	the	
intention following completion of our efforts to put the Company 
on a sound financial footing and establish it as a serious growth 
contender for future years.

Finally,	I	think	that	it	goes	without	saying	that	the	small	executive	
team that we have in Serica have achieved extraordinary success 
in	2012.		Apart	from	the	five	farm-outs	achieved	in	2012,	Serica	
operated	one	of	the	largest	3D	seismic	acquisition	programmes	
shot	off	Namibia,	was	technical	operator	for	our	Moroccan	blocks	
which	resulted	in	two	farm-outs,	operator	for	the	Columbus	field	
development,	where	we	have	been	driving	the	Columbus	project	
forward,	and	the	Doyle	block	and	is	operating	the	Rockall	and	
Slyne	Basin	licences	offshore	Ireland.		Their	efforts	have	ensured	
that the Company has been able to pursue its programme with 
the minimum of resources and I hope that all shareholders will 
join	me	in	thanking	them.

2013 holds out the promise of being a very exciting year with 
progress	targeted	in	Namibia,	Morocco	and	Ireland	as	well	as	
with the Columbus field development.  This is a very difficult 
business in the current climate, particularly for a small company 
such as Serica, but we have a very strong and experienced team 
and	good	assets	and	I	am	sure	that	the	efforts	we	are	making	will	
result in future success.

Tony Craven Walker
Chairman	and	Interim	CEO
29	May	2013

6

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

The	following	management’s	discussion	and	analysis	(“MD&A”)	
of the financial and operational results of Serica Energy plc and 
its	subsidiaries	(the	“Group”)	should	be	read	in	conjunction	with	
Serica’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 
December 2012.  

Serica is an oil and gas company with exploration and 
development	activities	based	in	the	UK,	Ireland,	Namibia	and	
Morocco,	together	with	a	production	interest	in	the	Kambuna 	
field in Indonesia and an economic interest in an oilfield 

offshore	Norway.	References	to	the	“Company”	include	Serica 	
and	its	subsidiaries	where	relevant.	All	figures	are	reported	in	US	
dollars	(“US$”)	unless	otherwise	stated.

The	Company	is	a	“designated	foreign	issuer”	as	that	term 	
is	defined	under	National	Instrument	71-102	-	Continuous 	
Disclosure	and	Other	Exemptions	Relating	to	Foreign	Issuers.	The	
Company	is	subject	to	the	foreign	regulatory	requirements	of	the 	
Alternative	Investment	Market	of	the	London	Stock	Exchange	in	
the	United	Kingdom.

REVIEW OF OPERATIONS

Serica’s	business	activities	are	focussed	in	two	separate	hubs	–	the	
UK	Offshore	area,	including	an	economic	interest	in	the	Bream	
field	in	Norway,	and	a	substantial	portfolio	of	properties	in	four	
distinct Atlantic margin basins.  The Company retains an interest in 
the	producing	Kambuna	field	in	Indonesia	which	is	nearing	the	end	
of its economic producing life.

United Kingdom
Central North Sea: Block 23/16f – Columbus Field Development
Block	23/16f	covers	an	area	of	approximately	52	square	kilometres	
in	the	UK	Central	North	Sea	and	contains	the	majority	of	the	
Columbus gas field. The Columbus field, containing gas rich in 
condensate,	extends	from	Block	23/16f	to	the	south	into	Block	23/21	
to	the	south,	operated	by	BG	International	Limited	(“BG”),	which	
includes the Lomond platform and the producing Lomond field. 
Serica	has	a	50%	interest	in	Block	23/16f	and	is	operator	for	the	
block.

During	the	first	quarter	of	2012	all	participants	in	the	Columbus	
field reached agreement on the cost and production sharing 
arrangements and the detailed terms to provide access for the 
Columbus field production through the Lomond platform and 
the	CATS	and	Forties	pipeline	systems.		Under	the	cost	sharing	
arrangements	the	participants	in	the	Columbus	field	(other	than	
BG)	would	be	responsible	for	the	drilling	of	two	production	wells,	
the	installation	of	sub-sea	manifolds	and	the	laying	of	a	pipeline	
to	take	the	two-phase	gas	and	gas-condensate	stream	to	a	
new	Bridge	Linked	Platform	(“BLP”),	to	be	constructed	by	BG	
adjacent	to	the	Lomond	platform.		BG	would	be	responsible	for	the	
construction	and	operation	of	the	BLP	and	provide	access	for	the	
Columbus	field	production	through	the	BLP	and	Lomond	facilities.		
The	tariff	and	cost	sharing	terms	for	the	BLP	and	Lomond	facilities	
reflect these cost sharing arrangements.  Serica will be the 
Operator	for	the	Columbus	field	facilities	with	an	interest	of	33.2%.

Application	was	made	to	DECC,	on	schedule,	for	the	grant	of	project	
sanction	which	would	enable	discussions	on	project	financing	to	
be	completed.		In	October	2012,	notice	was	received	from	DECC	
that	the	Department	was	content	with	the	Development	Plan	for	
the	Columbus	field	and	that,	subject	to	certain	standard	conditions	
(including	the	completion	of	funding	arrangements	for	the	project),	
the Secretary of State was minded to issue consent for the 
development and production of the Columbus field in accordance 
with that plan. 

In early March 2013 Serica, as operator of the Columbus field and on 
behalf of the Columbus field participants, issued tender documents 
to	pre-qualifying	contractors	for	the	fabrication,	installation	and	
hook-up	of	sub-sea	facilities	and	the	provision	of	associated	
sub-sea	equipment	and	systems.		This	followed	the	issuing	by	BG	
in December 2012 of tender documents for the construction and 
installation	of	the	BLP,	through	which	Columbus	field	gas	and	
condensate production would be exported.

In	late	March	2013,	BG	informed	Serica,	as	Operator	of	the	Columbus	
field, that it had decided not to proceed with the construction of the 
BLP.	

As	a	consequence,	the	Columbus	group	are	obliged	to	review	other	
alternatives	for	the	export	of	Columbus	gas	and	liquids	production.	
This includes the possibility of the Columbus field being tied directly 
to	the	Lomond	Platform.	Serica	has	reviewed	this	option	with	its	
partners	and	with	BG	and	all	parties	believe	this	to	be	a	technically	
viable	alternative.	The	impact	on	the	Columbus	sub-sea	development	
programme and timetable would be minimal on this basis but the 
success of this option depends upon being able to agree reasonable 
commercial	terms	in	the	required	time	frame.	Discussions	are	
ongoing	but	the	company	is	also	reviewing	several	other	offtake	
options.  

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

7

REVIEW OF OPERATIONS CONTINUED

Independent	consultant	Netherland,	Sewell	&	Associates	(“NSAI”)	
carried out a reserves report on the Columbus field for the end of 
2012.		This	report	estimated	that	the	gross	Proved	plus	Probable	
Reserves	of	the	field	are	69.7	bcf	of	gas	and	4.7	mm	bbl	of	liquids,	a	
total	of	16.3	mmboe.	Serica	holds	a	50%	interest	in	those	Columbus	
reserves	lying	in	Block	23/16f.	After	providing	for	reserves	lying	in	
the	adjacent	Block,	NSAI	estimates	the	Company’s	share	of	proved	
and	probable	reserves	in	the	field	to	be	23.1	bcf	of	sales	gas	and	1.6	
mmbbl	of	liquids,	a	net	5.4	mmboe	to	Serica.	

The field development plan, as submitted to DECC, was designed to 
evaluate the potential for additional reserves which may exist as an 
extension to Columbus and this would remain the intention in any 
revised	plan	designed	to	take	account	of	a	modified	export	route.

Central North Sea: Block 15/21g and 15/21a (part) – Spaniards 
Appraisal
Block	15/21g,	in	which	Serica	was	initially	awarded	a	30%	interest,	
lies	immediately	west	of	the	Scott	oil	field	and	adjacent	to	
Block	15/21a	containing	the	Jurassic	oil	discovery	well	15/21-38z	
(“Spaniards”),	which	flowed	2,660	bpd	of	25°	API	oil	from	a	good	
quality	Jurassic-aged	Upper	Claymore	sand.		Interpretation	of	
pressure data, supported by the presence of oil saturations in 
down-dip	well	15/21-2	indicated	that	the	Spaniards	discovery	tested	
by	well	15/21-38z	could	extend	across	both	15/21a	and	15/21g.

In	January	2012	an	agreement	was	finalised	with	the	participants	
of	Block	15/21a	to	combine	the	area	of	Block	15/21a	covering	the	
discovery	with	neighbouring	Block	15/21g	in	which	Serica	had	
a	30%	interest.		As	a	result	of	this	transaction	Serica	has	a	21%	
interest in the amalgamated area including the Spaniards discovery 
and	was	required	to	contribute	a	30%	share	of	the	cost	of	drilling	
the	first	well	to	appraise	the	discovery	and	a	17.14%	share	of	the	
cost	of	drilling	a	follow-up	well.

In	early	October	the	Operator,	Premier	Oil	plc	(“Premier”),	spudded	
Spaniards	East	well	15/21a-60	to	evaluate	the	down-dip	potential	of	
the	Spaniards	accumulation	some	1.2	kilometres	to	the	east	of	the	
discovery	well.	On	6	November,	it	was	announced	that	the	well	had	
encountered	75	feet	of	Jurassic	sands	but	these	were	interpreted	to	
be water bearing from the log data and the well was, accordingly, 
being	plugged	and	abandoned.		Serica	contributed	a	30%	share	
of the drilling cost of the well, which was drilled to a total depth of 
10,694	feet.

The analysis of the Spaniards East well data confirms that there 
is little chance of any remaining oil prospectivity in the east of the 
field.	The	focus	of	the	forward	work	programme	is	to	mature	the	
Spaniards West prospect so that a decision can be made whether 
to drill another well or withdraw from the licence.

Central North Sea: Block 22/19c
Block	22/19c	is	located	approximately	20	kilometres	to	the	west	of	
Serica’s	Columbus	field.	Serica	currently	holds	a	15%	interest	in	the	
block	which	is	operated	by	JX	Nippon.

In September 2012, Serica announced that it had reached 
agreement	with	JX	Nippon	Exploration	and	Production	(U.K.)	
Limited	(“JX	Nippon”)	for	the	farm-out	of	UK	Central	North	Sea	

Block	22/19c	(Licence	P.1620),	in	which	Serica	held	a	100%	interest.	
The	transaction	was	given	DECC	approval	and	completed	in	October.	
Under	the	agreement,	JX	Nippon	acquired	an	operated	85%	interest	
in	the	licence,	with	Serica	retaining	15%.		As	consideration,	JX	
Nippon	paid	US$250,000	of	back	cost	contributions	to	Serica	and	
will carry Serica’s share of all future costs associated with the 
licence	up	to	and	including,	at	JX	Nippon’s	discretion,	the	drilling	of	
an	exploration	well	to	the	Jurassic	or	deeper.		Serica	had	previously	
participated	in	the	drilling	of	the	Oates,	Palaeocene	Forties	sand	
prospect	in	22/19c,	with	its	costs	carried	by	Premier.		Following	
lack	of	success	at	Oates,	Premier	relinquished	its	50%	interest	in	
the licence which was retained by Serica.  It is the prospectivity of 
deeper, older strata which is now being pursued and a deep prospect 
has been identified. Further proposals have been received in respect 
of	this	block.

Southern North Sea: Blocks 47/2b (Split), 47/3g (Split), 47/7 (Split) 
& 47/8d (Part)
In	December	2011,	Blocks	47/2b	(Split),	47/3g	(Split),	47/7	(Split)	&	
47/8d	(Part)	in	the	Southern	North	Sea	were	offered	under	a	single	
licence	to	a	group	in	which	Serica	has	a	37.5%	interest.	Centrica	is	
the	Operator	for	the	group.	These	blocks	are	contiguous	part	blocks	
immediately	adjacent	to	the	York	field,	also	operated	by	Centrica.

A	number	of	gas	prospects,	including	a	possible	extension	to	North	
York,	have	been	identified	on	the	blocks	at	both	the	Leman	(Permian)	
and	Namurian	(Carboniferous)	levels.	The	work	obligation	comprises	
a	3D	seismic	acquisition	survey	and	reprocessing	of	existing	seismic	
data.  The 3D seismic survey to fully evaluate the gas prospects 
adjacent	to	the	York	gas	field,	commenced	in	May	2013.

East Irish Sea: Block 110/2d
Serica	held	a	100%	interest	in	this	block	which	was	relinquished	in	
2012.

East Irish Sea: Block 110/8b
In	December	2011,	Serica	was	awarded	a	100%	interest	and	the	
operatorship	of	Block	110/8b.		Recent	drilling	by	Centrica	in	the	
adjoining	block	to	the	north	will	have	investigated	prospectivity	for	
gas	in	the	area	of	the	Darwen	North	prospect	lying	in	the	north	of	
Block	110/8b	but	results	of	the	drilling	have	not	been	released.		The	
block	also	contains	a	small	undeveloped	oil	discovery	which	is	being	
re-evaluated.

East Irish Sea: Blocks 113/26b and 113/27c – Doyle Prospect
Serica	has	a	65%	operated	interest	in	these	blocks.		A	gas	prospect	
lying	in	the	north	of	Block	113/27c,	the	Doyle	prospect,	has	been	
fully	matured	as	the	result	of	work	done	in	2011	and	is	ready	to	drill.	
Serica	has	agreed	the	terms	of	a	farm-out	agreement	under	which	
it	will	farm-out	its	interest	in	the	block	for	transfer	of	operatorship	
and a carry on a well to test the Doyle prospect.  Completion of the 
agreement	requires	agreement	with	the	operator	of	a	nearby	offshore	
wind farm.  This is now at an advanced stage with final agreement 
expected shortly. 

The site survey for this prospect has recently been completed at no 
cost to Serica.  As plans for the well are ready for early drilling, a fast 
track	timeframe	announcement	for	this	is	also	expected.

8

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

Northern North Sea: Blocks 210/19a and 210/20a – South Otter 
Prospects 
These	blocks,	in	which	Serica	held	a	100%	interest,	are	a	
contiguous	block	and	part	block	lying	immediately	south	of	the	
producing	Otter	oilfield.	

Drilling	of	the	South	Otter	blocks	remained	subject	to	a	farm-out	
programme. As sufficient proposals to enable a well to be drilled 
in	the	blocks	were	not	received,	Serica	made	the	decision	to	
relinquish	the	blocks	in	January	2013	to	comply	with	the	terms	of	
the licence.

Ireland
Slyne Basin: Blocks 27/4, 27/5 (west) and 27/9 – Liffey & Boyne 
Prospects
Following	a	mandatory	50%	relinquishment	that	was	confirmed	in	
September	2012,	the	blocks	under	Licence	FEL	1/06	now	cover	an	
area	of	approximately	305	square	kilometres	in	the	Slyne	Basin	off	
the	west	coast	of	Ireland.	The	blocks	lie	some	40	kilometres	south	
of the Corrib discovery, which has reserves of approximately 800 
billion	cubic	feet	of	gas.	The	Company	holds	a	50%	interest	in	the	
blocks	and	operates	the	Licence.

In	2009,	Serica	drilled	the	Bandon	exploration	well	27/4-1	and	
made	a	shallow	Jurassic	oil	discovery.		The	early	drilling	of	
this well met the licence obligations for both the first and 
second exploration periods. Although the discovery was not 
commercial the well was important as it proved the presence of 
oil	in	the	Jurassic.		Deeper	Jurassic	oil	prospects	of	potentially	
commercial	size,	where	the	oil	would	be	of	much	higher	quality,	
have	subsequently	been	identified	including	two	prospects,	
Boyne	and	Liffey	which	also	overlay	separate,	deeper	gas	
prospects in the Triassic Sherwood sandstone.

The Company, in partnership with RWE, has completed site 
surveys	on	the	Boyne	and	Liffey	prospects	to	follow	up	on	the	
presence	of	oil	discovered	by	Serica	on	the	blocks	in	2009.	
The partners are planning to drill a well in 2014 and will be 
commencing	a	farm-out	campaign	later	in	the	year.

Rockall Basin: Blocks 5/17, 5/18, 5/22, 5/23, 5/27, and 5/28 – 
Muckish Prospects
Serica	holds	a	100%	working	interest	in	six	blocks	covering	a	total	
area	of	993	square	kilometres	in	the	north-eastern	part	of	the	
Rockall	Basin	off	the	west	coast	of	Ireland.

The	Rockall	Basin	extends	over	100,000	square	kilometres	in	
which only three exploration wells have been drilled to date.  
The	basin	is	therefore	regarded	as	very	underexplored.	Of	these	
exploration	wells,	the	12/2-1	Dooish	gas-condensate	discovery,	
approximately	nine	kilometres	to	the	south	of	the	licence,	
encountered a 214 metre hydrocarbon column.

A	large	exploration	prospect,	Muckish,	has	been	fully	detailed	
from	3D	seismic	data	in	Blocks	5/22	and	5/23.	The	Muckish	
prospect is a large structure analogous to the nearby Dooish 
gas condensate discovery and provides material upside in a 
proven hydrocarbon basin. The evaluation of 3D seismic data 

coverage	and	the	nearby	Dooish	gas-condensate	discovery,	gives	
confidence in the potential of the prospect which covers an area 
of	approximately	30	square	kilometres	with	over	600	metres	of	
vertical closure in a water depth of 1,450 metres. 

Serica is reviewing the potential to bring forward drilling of the 
Muckish	prospect.	In	view	of	the	need	to	share	costs,	a	farm-out	
programme in preparation for drilling commenced in 2012 and 
discussions with potentially interested partners are continuing. 

Rockall Basin: Blocks 11/5, 11/10, 11/15, 12/1, 12/6 and 12/11(part) 
– Midleton Prospects
In	October	2011,	the	Company	was	awarded	Licensing	Option	
11/1	covering	six	blocks	in	the	Irish	Rockall	Basin	under	the	
Irish 2011 Atlantic Margin Licensing Round. Serica now has two 
licences	to	explore	some	2,220	square	kilometres	in	the	Rockall	
Basin.	The	2011	licence	covers	an	extended	area	of	proven	
hydrocarbon potential in which large prospective structures have 
already been identified from existing 3D seismic data.

The	area	covered	by	the	licence	award	contains	two	pre-
Cretaceous	fault	block	prospects,	Midleton	and	West	Midleton	
which	are	analogous	to	the	proven	gas-condensate	bearing	
Dooish discovery lying immediately to the east. These 
complement	and	provide	additional	diversity	to	the	Muckish	
prospect	lying	in	Serica’s	acreage	just	to	the	north	east	and	
the award will enable a comprehensive exploration programme 
covering	the	Muckish	and	Midleton	prospects.	Given	the	size	
of	the	prospects	and	their	position	in	a	proven	gas-condensate	
bearing basin, the award of the licence significantly expands the 
options open to Serica to deliver an active drilling campaign in 
the area. 

Serica	is	undertaking	2D	and	3D	seismic	reprocessing	work	
and other geological studies to firm up these two additional 
prospects. Following the initial two year period of the licence 
award the Company has an option to convert the licence into a 
full Exploration Licence. 

Namibia
Luderitz Basin: Blocks 2512A, 2513A, 2513B and 2612A (part)
In	late	December	2011,	Serica	was	awarded	an	85%	interest	in	
a	Petroleum	Agreement	covering	Blocks	2512A,	2513A,	2513B	
and	2612A	(part)	in	the	Luderitz	Basin,	offshore	Namibia	in	
partnership	with	The	National	Petroleum	Corporation	of	Namibia	
(Pty)	Limited	(“NAMCOR”)	and	Indigenous	Energy	(Pty)	Limited.		
The	blocks	lie	in	the	centre	of	the	basin	and	cover	a	total	area	of	
approximately	17,400	square	kilometres.				

During 2012 the Company has completed all payments due to 
NAMCOR	in	respect	of	the	initial	licence	award.	These	payments	
comprised	an	initial	cash	payment	of	US$1	million,	which	was	
made	in	January	2012,	and	a	share	allotment	to	NAMCOR	of	six	
million new ordinary shares of Serica, which was announced on 2 
November	2012.	The	issue	of	the	shares	to	NAMCOR	is	intended	
to	provide	NAMCOR	and	the	Government	of	the	Republic	of	
Namibia	with	an	additional	return	in	the	event	of	success	
with	the	project.	The	allotment,	which	represents	3.28%	of	the	

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

9

REVIEW OF OPERATIONS CONTINUED

enlarged	share	capital,	was	made	once	NAMCOR	received	the	
required	consents	from	the	Namibian	authorities.

In	March	the	Company	announced	that	it	had	agreed	to	farm-out	an	
interest	in	the	licence	to	BP.		Under	the	terms	of	the	transaction	with	
BP,	which	completed	during	the	second	q	uarter,	Serica	reduced	its	
interest	in	the	licence	to	55%	in	return	for	a	payment	to	recover	past	
costs and the full cost of the extensive 3D seismic survey being met 
by	BP.			

The	deep	water	geological	basins	offshore	Namibia,	including	
the	Luderitz	Basin,	are	at	the	early	frontier	stage	of	exploration.		
Although the presence of very large structures have been 
shown to exist from seismic surveys, very few wells have been 
drilled	in	the	deeper	water	Namibian	basins	to	date	and	the	full	
hydrocarbon potential of the area has not yet been fully tested.  
Water	depths	in	Serica’s	Luderitz	Basin	blocks	range	from	300	to	
3,000 metres. Drilling in these depths of water, whilst becoming 
more	commonplace	in	the	industry,	requires	sophisticated	drilling	
techniques	and	equipment	and	is	very	costly.

Serica	has	therefore	also	granted	an	option	for	BP	to	increase	
its interest in the Licence by meeting the full cost of drilling and 
testing	an	exploration	well	to	the	Barremian	level	before	the	end	of	
the first four year exploration period.  In the event that this option 
is	exercised,	Serica’s	interest	in	the	Licence	will	be	17.5%	carried	
through the first well. Serica will continue to be the operator of the 
licence	with	BP	taking	over	as	operator	if	it	exercises	its	option	to	
drill and test a well. 

In	September	the	Company	successfully	completed	the	major	
offshore	survey	in	the	Luderitz	Basin	blocks	with	a	final	acquisition	
of	4,180	square	kilometres	of	3D	seismic	data	fully	to	delineate	
prospects	identified	in	the	south	east	of	the	blocks.		The	survey,	
conducted	by	Serica	on	behalf	of	its	partners	in	the	Licence,	BP,	
NAMCOR	and	IEPL,	commenced	in	May	and	took	four	and	a	half	
months	to	complete.	The	survey	was	undertaken	by	Polarcus	Seismic	
Limited	using	the	10-streamer	seismic	vessel	Polarcus	Nadia.	The	
completion of this survey more than meets in full the obligations for 
seismic	acquisition	under	the	terms	of	the	licence.	

The completion of this extensive survey, only nine months after the 
award of the licence, is an important step in the exploration of this 
largely	unexplored	basin.	The	data	is	of	exceptional	quality	and	has	
been	acquired	in	the	south	east	of	the	licence	area	over	a	clearly	
defined prospect which is located in a good setting for potential 
reservoir development. The data includes a tie line to provide control 
with	existing	well	2513/08-1,	in	which	good	reservoir	sands	were	
encountered. It is now being processed fully to delineate the prospect 
and to identify additional prospects associated with locally present 
channel	sands.	Identification	of	hydrocarbon	source	in	juxtaposition	
with these clearly defined and very large prospects will be an 
important part of this process.  

Prospect	B	covers	an	area	in	excess	of	700	square	kilometres	with	
vertical closure of up to 300m. In house interpretation indicates that 
the	prospect	has	a	gross	resource	potential	(P50	unrisked)	of	670	
million	barrels	with	multi-billion	barrel	upside	potential.

The	fast-track	data	also	indicates	the	presence	of	significant	channel	
sand features with associated strong seismic amplitudes. The 
preliminary	review	of	the	fast-track	data	is	very	encouraging	but	to	
fully evaluate these early results it will be necessary to complete the 
full scale processing and interpretation which is currently underway 
with	BP	and	likely	to	take	until	later	in	1H2013.	

The recent announcement of the results of the Wingat well, drilled 
offshore	in	the	north	of	Namibia	by	HRT	is	highly	significant.	The	well,	
although	sub-commercial,	recovered	light,	high	quality	oil,	but	more	
importantly,	has	proved	the	presence	of	mature	working	oil	source	
rocks	within	the	Lower	Cretaceous	that	until	now	were	unproven	
in	Namibia.		Importantly,	these	source	rocks	are	reported	to	be	at	
the	same	geological	level	as	those	which	are	required	to	charge	the	
prospects	identified	in	Serica’s	Luderitz	Basin	blocks.		Although	the	
Wingat	well	is	approximately	400	km	due	north	of	the	Luderitz	Basin	
blocks,	and	is	located	in	a	different	geological	basin,	both	basins	are	
on-trend	and	similar	geological	characteristics	can	be	expected	to	be	
shared between the two basins.

Following the interpretation of the fully processed 3D seismic data 
and analysis of all relevant information a drilling decision will be made 
later this year.

Morocco
Sidi Moussa and Foum Draa Petroleum Agreements 
Serica	holds	licence	interests	in	the	Sidi	Moussa	and	adjacent	Foum	
Draa	Petroleum	Agreements	offshore	Morocco.		The	blocks	cover	a	
total	area	of	approximately	12,700	square	kilometres	in	the	sparsely	
explored	Tarfaya-Ifni	Basin	and	extend	from	the	Moroccan	coastline	
into	water	depths	reaching	a	maximum	of	2,000	metres.		Under	the	
terms	of	the	licence	agreements	the	participants	are	required	to	
carry	the	state	oil	company	ONHYM	for	a	25%	interest	through	the	
exploration	and	appraisal	phase.	The	First	Extension	Period	of	both	
licences, which also entails the drilling of a commitment well in each 
block,	commenced	on	17	January	2013.

The	Tarfaya-Ifni	Basin	is	geologically	analogous	to	the	oil	producing	
salt basins of West Africa and exhibits significant potential.  Sidi 
Moussa	and	Foum	Draa	are	covered	by	over	5,200	square	kilometres	
of	modern	3D	seismic	data	and	over	7,000	kilometres	of	2D	seismic	
data.  Serica has completed the evaluation of this data which 
demonstrates the presence of a large number of salt diapir related 
prospects,	stratigraphic	traps	and	tilted	fault	block	plays.	During	
the	second	quarter	2012,	Serica,	in	conjunction	with	its	partners,	
conducted	a	farm-out	exercise	in	respect	of	both	blocks.	This	generated	
considerable industry interest and reached a successful conclusion 
with	the	announcements	of	farm-out	deals	for	both	blocks	noted	below.

At	the	end	of	November,	Serica	received	the	fast-track	on-board	
processed	data	from	the	survey	undertaken.	Data	quality	 
and	coverage	of	the	survey	area	is	excellent	and	preliminary	work	on	
the	results	supports	the	presence	of	the	very	large	four-way	dip	closed	
structure	known	as	Prospect	B	which	was	targeted	by	the	survey.	

Sidi Moussa
In	August	it	was	announced	that	Genel	Energy	plc	(“Genel”)	will	be	
joining	Serica	and	its	partners	in	the	exploration	of	the	set	of	permits	
which	comprise	the	Sidi	Moussa	Offshore	area.		Under	the	terms	of	that	

10

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
  
transaction,	Genel	has	acquired	a	60%	equity	interest	in	Sidi	Moussa,	
pro	rata	from	each	of	the	Sidi	Moussa	Participants	according	to	
its	equity	interest.	In	return	Genel	has	paid	a	contribution	to	past	
costs	(US$433,000	net	to	Serica)	and	will	pay	for	the	drilling	of	the	
commitment	well	required	in	the	First	Extension	Period	(including	
the	full	costs	relating	to	the	ONHYM	carried	interest),	up	to	a	cap	of	
US$50	million.		As	a	result	of	the	farm-out,	Serica	will	hold	an	ongoing	
interest	of	5%	in	the	Sidi	Moussa	permits.	Confirmation	from	the	
Moroccan	authorities	approving	the	farm-out	to	Genel	was	received	in	
March	2013.	Genel	(the	operator	of	the	Sidi	Moussa	block)	has	stated	
that it is targeting over 850 mmboe of gross resources. Extensive 2D 
and 3D seismic has been completed and reprocessed, and a number 
of leads and prospects identified with significant resource potential 
across	multiple	play	types.	The	Noble	Paul	Romano	deepwater,	
semi-submersible	rig	has	been	contracted	by	Genel	to	drill	the	first	
exploration well which is targeted for the first half of 2014.

Foum Draa
In	August	it	was	announced	that	Cairn	Energy	plc	“Cairn”	will	
be	joining	Serica	and	its	partners	in	the	exploration	of	the	set	of	
permits	which	comprise	the	Foum	Draa	Offshore	area.		Under	
the	terms	of	that	transaction,	Cairn	has	acquired	a	50%	operated	
equity	interest	in	Foum	Draa,	pro	rata	from	each	of	the	Foum	Draa	
Participants	according	to	its	equity	interest.	In	return	Cairn	has	paid	
its	equity	interest	share	of	past	costs	(US$500,000	net	to	Serica)	and	
the	first	US$60	million	towards	the	drilling	of	the	commitment	well	
required	in	the	First	Extension	Period	(including	the	costs	relating	
to	the	ONHYM	carried	interest).		As	a	result	of	the	farm-out,	Serica	
holds	an	ongoing	interest	of	8.3333%	in	the	Foum	Draa	permits.	
Confirmation	from	the	Moroccan	authorities	approving	the	farm-
out	to	Cairn	was	received	in	January	2013.	Cairn	has	stated	that	
two	key	prospects	on	the	block	have	been	identified	with	a	gross	
mean prospective resource of the first prospect estimated to be 
142 mmbbls and a gross mean prospective resource for a potential 
follow-up	prospect	estimated	at	126	mmbbls.	The	site	survey	for	the	
first exploration well was completed in April 2013. A second location 
was also surveyed in order to reduce future costs in the case of a 
drilling	success	at	the	first	well	location	and	a	decision	to	follow-up	
later with a second exploration well. 

Cairn	has	contracted	the	deep-water,	5th	Generation,	dynamically	
positioned,	semi-submersible	drilling	rig	Transocean	Cajun	
Express. The rig will be mobilised to begin operations for Cairn, 
offshore Morocco on the Foum Draa licence in H2 2013. The historic 
performance	of	the	Cajun	Express	indicates	it	is	a	highly	efficient	rig	
with low operating downtime.

Indonesia 
Glagah Kambuna TAC  – Kambuna Field, Offshore North Sumatra, 
Indonesia
Serica’s	sole	remaining	interest	in	Indonesia	subsequent	to	the	sale	
of	its	exploration	interests	to	Kris	Energy	in	October	2011	is	its	25%	
interest	in	the	Glagah	Kambuna	Technical	Assistance	Contract	
(“TAC”).	The	TAC	covers	an	area	of	approximately	380	square	
kilometres	offshore	North	Sumatra	and	contains	the	producing	
Kambuna	gas	field.	The	Company	continues	to	benefit	from	cash	
flows it is receiving from this field in 2013 to date although the asset 
is not core to the Company’s forward strategy.

The	Kambuna	gas	is	used	for	power	generation	to	supply	electricity	
to	the	city	of	Medan	in	North	Sumatra	and	for	industrial	uses.	
The gas sales prices per thousand standard cubic feet under the 
contracts	with	PLN	and	Pertiwi	Nusantara	Resources	(“Pertiwi”)	
in	December	2012	were	approximately	US$6.09	and	US$7.61	
respectively,	escalated	at	3%	per	annum.	Kambuna	gas	yields	
significant	volumes	of	condensate	(light	oil)	which	is	sold	to	the	state	
oil	company	Pertamina	at	the	official	Attaka	Indonesian	Crude	Price	
less 11 cents per barrel.

Gross	Kambuna	field	production	in	2012	was	5,538	million	standard	
cubic	feet	of	gas	and	333,500	barrels	of	condensate,	equivalent	to	
gross average daily production for the year of 15.2 mmscfd and 
914	bbl/day.	Average	prices	realised	during	the	year	for	gas	and	
condensate	sales	respectively	were	US$6.53	per	mcf	and	US$116.1	
per	barrel.		The	highest	price	achieved	during	2012	is	US$129.9	per	
barrel, achieved in March 2012. 

The	Kambuna	field	is	in	natural	decline	and	production	rates	
continued to fall throughout 2012 in line with reservoir pressure 
depletion.	During	the	fourth	quarter	the	field	produced	at	an	average	
rate of 11.2 mmscfd with approximately 741 barrels per day of 
condensate.		Average	prices	realised	during	the	quarter	for	gas	and	
condensate	sales	respectively	were	US$6.72	per	mcf	and	US$109.0	
per barrel. 

The field is close to the end of its economic life and the partnership 
is	in	advanced	discussions	with	Pertamina	regarding	field	handover.	
It is currently expected that the handover arrangements will involve 
a	field	shut-in	at	the	end	of	June	2013	followed	by	a	securing	of	the	
three wells and wellhead structure and handover in the second half 
of the year.

In previous years Serica has commissioned an independent reserves 
audit	by	RPS	Energy,	the	same	consultants	as	used	by	the	Operator,	
on	the	Kambuna	field	for	its	annual	reserves	filings.	In	view	of	
the	expected	field	shut-in	and	handover	to	Pertamina	in	Q3	2013,	
remaining economic hydrocarbon reserves as at 31 December 
2012	are	of	an	immaterial	level	and	will	equate	to	the	levels	of	
production in the few months in 2013 before handover. Accordingly 
no independent reserves audit has been performed. 

The remaining volume of reserves to be produced is primarily 
dependent upon the termination arrangements, and the Company 
has	based	its	financial	planning	and	reporting	for	the	Kambuna	field	
on the following forecast entitlement levels, which are estimated to 
be,	at	31	December	2012,	0.24	bcf	of	sales	gas	and	0.016	mm	bbl	of	
liquids,	a	total	of	0.066	mmboe.		

Norway
Serica	holds	a	significant	economic	interest	in	the	Bream	oil	field	in	
Norway	as	the	result	of	the	sale,	in	2008,	of	its	original	20%	interest	in	
the field for a deferred consideration payable upon commencement 
of production from the field. It has recently been confirmed by a field 
participant	that	project	sanction	and	submission	of	development	
plans	to	the	authorities	for	the	Bream	field	development	are	
expected in early 2014 with first oil targeted for 2017.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

11

FINANCIAL REVIEW

Results of Operations

The	results	of	Serica’s	operations	detailed	below	in	this	MD&A,	and	in	the	financial	statements,	are	presented	in	accordance	with	
International	Financial	Reporting	Standards	(“IFRS”).

The	financial	results	of	the	Indonesian	business	disposal	group	that	was	sold	in	October	2011	are	disclosed	as	discontinued	operations	
and	separate	from	the	results	of	the	retained	business	segments.	The	financial	results	of	the	Kambuna	field	interest	had	been	disclosed	
in the Q2 2011 and Q3 2011 reports to shareholders as part of discontinued operations. The directors considered that as at 31 December 
2011, whilst still available for sale, this operation no longer met the IFRS 5 criteria to recognise it as an asset held for sale and therefore 
include	it	as	‘discontinued’.	The	annual	financial	results	of	the	Kambuna	field	for	2011	and	2012	are	disclosed	within	continuing	
operations together with the results of the retained core business segments.

Continuing operations 

Sales revenue 

Cost	of	sales	

GROSS (LOSS)/PROFIT 

Expenses: 
Impairment	of	fixed	assets	and	goodwill	
Pre-licence	costs	
E&E	asset	and	other	write	offs	
Administrative	expenses	
Foreign	exchange	gain/(loss)		
Share-based	payments	
Depreciation	
Operating	loss	before	net	finance	revenue	and	tax	

Gain on disposal 
Finance revenue 
Finance	costs	
LOSS BEFORE  TAxATION 

Taxation charge for the year 
LOSS FOR ThE yEAR FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 

Discontinued operations 
Loss for the year from discontinued operations 

LOSS FOR ThE yEAR 

Loss per ordinary share - EPS 
Basic	and	diluted	EPS	on	loss	for	the	year	from	continuing	operations	(US$)	
Basic	and	diluted	EPS	on	loss	for	the	year	(US$)	

2012 
US$000 

2011
US$000

15,404 

27,111

(19,330)		

(25,648) 

(3,926) 

1,463

(4,361)	
(331)	
(10,462)	
(5,299)	
180	
(570)	
(341)	
(25,110)	

1,023 
12 
(633)	
(24,708) 

– 
(24,708) 

(2,314)
(1,507)
(355)
(6,011)
(46)
(844)
(348) 
(9,962)

–
15
(1,394) 
(11,341)

(3,149) 
(14,490)

– 

(5,880)

(24,708) 

(20,370)

(0.14)	
(0.14)	

(0.08)
(0.12)

12

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
Continuing operations

Serica	generated	a	gross	loss	of	US$3.9	million	for	the	year	ended	31	December	2012	(2011:	profit	of	US$1.5	million)	
from	its	retained	25%	interest	in	the	Kambuna	field.	

Sales revenues
Serica	currently	generates	all	its	sales	revenue	from	the	Kambuna	field	in	Indonesia.	Revenue	is	recognised	on	an	
entitlement	basis	for	the	Company’s	net	working	field	interest.	Entitlement	revenues	are	higher	in	those	periods	
where the full capped amount of cost recovery entitlement is eligible to be claimed out of gross revenue. In the 
2011 periods, the cycle of eligible cost recovery was such that the full capped amount of cost recovery could not be 
claimed by the contractors, therefore giving lower contractor entitlement revenues and an increased government 
share	of	gross	revenue.	Unclaimed	cost	recovery	amounts	are	carried	forward	to	future	periods	and	during	2012	
the maximum possible contractual cost recovery entitlement is being achieved.

The field commenced its anticipated natural decline during 2011 in line with reservoir pressure depletion. In 
addition,	production	rates	in	January	and	February	2012	were	reduced	during	compression	facility	work,	designed	
to	enhance	the	production	capacity	of	the	field	after	the	first	quarter	of	2012.	In	2012,	gross	Kambuna	field	gas	
production	averaged	15.2	mmscf	(2011:	35	mmscf)	per	day	together	with	average	condensate	production	of	914	
barrels	per	day	(2011:	2,363	bpd).	The	2012	gas	production	was	sold	at	prices	averaging	US$6.53	per	Mscf	(2011	
US$6.16	per	Mscf)	and	generated	US$8.0	million	(2011	US$15.1	million)	of	revenue	net	to	Serica.	Condensate	
production	is	stored	and	sold	when	lifted	at	a	price	referenced	to	the	Indonesia	Attaka	official	monthly	crude	oil	
price.	Liftings	in	the	year	earned	US$7.4	million	(2011	US$12.0	million)	of	revenue	net	to	Serica	at	an	average	price	
of	US$116.1	per	barrel	(2011	US$115.8	per	barrel).

Cost of sales and depletion charges
Cost	of	sales	for	2012	were	driven	by	production	from	the	Kambuna	field	and	totalled	US$19.3	million	(2011	US$25.6	
million).	The	charge	comprised	direct	operating	costs	of	US$6.2	million	(2011	US$7.7	million),	non	cash	depletion	
of	US$13.1	million	(2011	US$17.7	million)	offset	by	an	increase	in	condensate	inventory	of	US$0.02	million	(2011	
US$0.2	million	decrease).	

Operating	costs	per	boe	increased	significantly	in	all	2012	periods	as	reduced	production	levels	were	not	offset	
by corresponding reductions in production costs. The Company revised its accounting estimate of entitlement 
reserves	for	depletion	purposes	from	‘proved	and	probable’	to	‘proved’,	with	effect	from	1	July	2011.	This	reduction	
in entitlement reserve base generated further increases in the depletion charge per boe for the second half of 2011 
onwards.

The	Company	generated	a	loss	before	tax	from	continuing	operations	of	US$24.7	million	for	2012	compared	to	a	
loss	before	tax	of	US$11.3	million	for	2011.

The	2012	US$4.4	million	(2011	US$2.3	million)	pre-tax	impairment	related	to	the	Kambuna	field	and	was	recorded	
against	oil	and	gas	property,	plant	and	equipment.	

Pre-licence	costs	included	direct	costs	and	allocated	general	administrative	costs	incurred	on	oil	and	gas	
activities	prior	to	the	award	of	licences,	concessions	or	exploration	rights.	The	expense	of	US$0.3	million	for	2012	
was	lower	than	the	2011	charge	of	US$1.5	million	due	to	less	activity	in	the	year.	The	pre-licence	work	performed	
throughout	2011	culminated	in	the	following	awards;	Block	110/8b	in	the	East	Irish	Sea,	four	blocks	in	the	Southern	
North	Sea,	a	further	six	blocks	in	the	Rockall	Basin	in	Ireland,	and	four	large	blocks	and	part	blocks	in	the	Luderitz	
Basin	in	Namibia.	

Asset	write-offs	in	2012	of	US$10.5	million	(2011	of	US$0.4	million)	included	US$8.8	million	attributed	to	the	
Spaniards	block	in	the	UK	North	Sea,	US$1.1	million	of	charge	from	the	relinquished	UK	licences	and	US$0.6	
million	of	obsolete	inventory.	2011	write	offs	included	minor	working	capital	amounts	and	costs	from	relinquished	
licences. 

Administrative	expenses	of	US$5.3	million	for	2012	decreased	from	US$6.0	million	for	2011.	The	Company	has	
worked	to	reduce	overhead	during	2012	and	expects	these	savings	to	give	further	benefit	in	2013.	

The impact of foreign exchange was not significant in 2012 or 2011. 

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

13

FINANCIAL REVIEW CONTINUED

Share-based	payment	costs	of	US$0.6	million	reflected	share	options	granted	and	compare	with	US$0.8	million	for	2011.	

Negligible	depreciation	charges	in	all	periods	represent	office	equipment	and	fixtures	and	fittings.	The	depletion	and	amortisation	
charge	for	Kambuna	field	development	costs	is	recorded	within	‘Cost	of	Sales’.

In	March	2012	the	Company	announced	that	it	had	agreed	to	farm-out	an	interest	in	its	Namibian	licence	to	BP.	Under	the	transaction,	
BP	paid	to	Serica	a	sum	of	US$5.0	million	covering	Serica’s	past	costs	and	earned	a	30%	interest	in	the	licence	by	meeting	the	full	
cost	of	an	extensive	3D	seismic	survey.	The	accounting	gain	of	US$1.0	million	on	disposal	recorded	in	2012	relates	to	the	recognition	
of	recovery	for	those	past	costs	incurred	that	had	been	expensed	as	pre-licence	costs	in	previous	periods.	The	reimbursement	of	those	
past	costs	capitalised	as	E&E	assets	on	the	award	of	the	licence	in	December	2011	or	capitalised	as	incurred	in	Q1	2012,	are	treated	as	
a	reduction	from	the	book	cost	of	the	asset.	Completion	of	the	farm-out	transaction	occurred	in	June	2012	following	the	consent	of	the	
Ministry	of	Mines	and	Energy	in	Namibia.

Finance	revenue	for	2012,	comprising	interest	income	of	US$0.01	million,	compares	with	US$0.02	million	for	2011.	Bank	deposit	interest	
income has been negligible in both periods.

Finance	costs	typically	consist	of	interest	payable,	arrangement	costs	spread	over	the	term	of	the	bank	loan	facility	and	other	fees.	
The	reduction	in	expense	from	US$1.4	million	in	2011	to	US$0.6	million	arose	following	the	full	repayment	of	outstanding	liabilities	in	
February	2011.	No	finance	costs	are	currently	being	incurred	following	the	expiry	of	the	loan	facility	in	March	2013.

Taxation	charges	typically	arise	from	Kambuna	field	operations,	although	there	is	no	current	taxation	or	deferred	taxation	charge	in	
2012.	The	2011	taxation	charge	of	US$3.1	million	arose	from	Indonesian	operations,	and	comprised	a	current	tax	charge	of	US$4.4	million	
and	a	deferred	tax	credit	of	US$1.3	million.	Current	tax	is	typically	charged	on	the	profit	oil	or	gas	element	of	sales	revenue	rather	than	
the cost recovery component. 

The	net	loss	per	share	from	continuing	operations	of	US$0.14	for	2012	compares	to	a	net	loss	per	share	of	US$0.08	for	2011.

Discontinued operations

The results of discontinued operations below are those generated from Serica’s South East Asia operations which were disposed of in 
October	2011.	

At	30	June	2011,	as	a	result	of	the	Board’s	strategic	decision	to	exit	Indonesia,	the	Group’s	interests	in	the	region	were	classified	as	a	
disposal	group	held	for	sale	and	therefore	included	as	discontinued	operations.	In	October	2011,	the	Group	completed	the	disposal	of	
its	operated	exploration	portfolio;	however	the	Group’s	25%	non-operated	interest	in	Kambuna	has	not	yet	been	sold.	The	directors	
concluded	that	as	at	31	December	2011,	whilst	still	available	for	sale,	Serica’s	interest	in	Kambuna	no	longer	meets	the	IFRS	5	criteria	to	
be	classified	as	an	asset	held	for	sale,	because	an	active	marketing	program	is	no	longer	in	place,	and	therefore	the	results	of	this	part	
of the disposal group are disclosed within continuing operations together with the results of the retained core business segments.

Discontinued operations 

Sales	revenue	
Cost	of	sales	
GROSS PROFIT 

Expenses: 
Pre-licence	costs	
E&E	asset	and	other	write-offs	
Administrative	expenses	
Foreign	exchange	loss	
Share-based	payments	
Depreciation	
Operating	loss	before	net	finance	revenue	and	tax	

14

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

2012 
US$000 

2011
US$000

–	
–		
– 

–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	

–
–	
–

(292)
(788)
(621)
(3)
(203)
–
(1,907)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
Other	costs	
Loss	recognised	on	remeasurement	to	fair	value	
Profit	on	disposal		
Finance	revenue	

LOSS BEFORE TAxATION 
Taxation	charge	for	the	year	
LOSS FOR ThE yEAR 

–	
–	
–	
–	

– 
–	
– 

(363)
(3,720)
110
–

(5,880)
–
(5,880)

Asset	write	offs	in	2011	were	in	respect	of	E&E	and	other	expenses	from	the	Kutai	PSC	in	Indonesia,	which	was	sold	in	October	2011.	2011	
expenditure on the asset was expensed as incurred. 

In	October	2011	the	Company	completed	the	disposal	of	its	portfolio	of	operated	exploration	interests	in	South	East	Asia	to	Kris	Energy	
Limited	for	base	consideration	of	US$3.4	million	and	a	further	contingent	payment	of	US$1.0	million	received	in	December	2011.	The	
transaction	generated	a	loss	of	US$3.6	million	(chiefly	comprising	a	loss	recognised	on	re-measurement	to	fair	value	of	US$3.7	million	as	
at	30	September	2011)	after	deducting	booked	asset	costs	and	other	transaction	costs	and	fees.

Summary of Quarterly Results

Quarter ended:	

2012 
Sales	revenue				
Loss	for	the	quarter	
Basic	earnings	per	share	US$		
Diluted	earnings	per	share	US$		

2011 
Sales revenue    
Loss	for	the	quarter		
Basic	earnings	per	share	US$		
Diluted	earnings	per	share	US$		

31 Mar 
US$000 

30 Jun 
US$000 

30 Sep 
US$000 

4,038	
(1,391)	
(0.01)	
(0.01)	

8,577 
(2,465) 
(0.01) 
(0.01) 

4,417	
(2,162)	
(0.01)	
(0.01)	

6,613 
(11,342) 
(0.06) 
(0.06) 

3,493	
(2,907)	
(0.02)	
(0.02)	

6,579 
(2,462) 
(0.01) 
(0.01) 

31 Dec
US$000

3,456
(18,248)
(0.10)
(0.10)

5,342
(4,101)
(0.02)
(0.02)

The	second	quarter	2011	loss	includes	a	charge	of	US$8.7	million	recognised	on	the	re-measurement	to	fair	value	of	the	Indonesian	
disposal	group	as	at	30	June	2011.

The	fourth	quarter	2011	loss	includes	an	impairment	charge	of	US$2.3	million	against	the	Kambuna	production	asset.

The	fourth	quarter	2012	loss	includes	Exploration	and	Evaluation	and	other	asset	write-offs	of	US$10.5	million	and	an	impairment	charge	of	
US$4.4	million	against	the	Kambuna	producing	asset.

Working Capital, Liquidity and Capital Resources

Current Assets and Liabilities

An	extract	of	the	balance	sheet	detailing	current	assets	and	liabilities	is	provided	below:

Current assets: 
Inventories 
Trade	and	other	receivables	
 Financial assets 
Cash	and	cash	equivalents		
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS 

31 December 
2012 
US$000 

31 December
 2011
US$000

481 
8,941	
412 
22,345	
32,179 

1,572
9,338
647
19,946
31,503

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

15

	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL REVIEW CONTINUED

Less Current liabilities: 
Trade	and	other	payables	
Income	tax	payable	
Provisions	
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES 

NET CURRENT ASSETS 

(11,677)	
–	
(1,601)	
(13,278) 

(10,267)
(302)
–
(10,569)

18,901 

20,934

At	31	December	2012,	the	Company	had	net	current	assets	of	US$18.9	million	which	comprised	current	assets	of	US$32.2	million	less	
current	liabilities	of	US$13.3	million,	giving	an	overall	decrease	in	working	capital	of	US$2.0	million	in	the	year.	

Inventories	decreased	from	US$1.6	million	to	US$0.5	million	over	the	year,	largely	due	to	the	write-off	of	certain	obsolete	operational	
equipment.

Trade	and	other	receivables	at	31	December	2012	totalled	US$8.9	million,	a	decrease	of	US$0.4	million	from	the	2011	year-end	balance	
of	US$9.3	million.	The	balance	as	at	31	December	2012	includes;	US$2.1	million	of	trade	debtors	from	gas	and	condensate	sales	from	
the	Kambuna	field,	US$0.9	million	of	Morocco	farm-out	back	cost	contributions,	advance	payments	on	ongoing	operations,	short-term	
Indonesian	VAT	receivables,	recoverable	amounts	from	partners	in	joint	venture	operations	in	the	UK,	Namibia,	Morocco	and	Indonesia,	
sundry	UK	and	Kambuna	asset	working	capital	balances,	and	prepayments.

Financial	assets	at	31	December	2012	represented	US$0.4	million	of	restricted	cash	deposits.	

Cash	and	cash	equivalents	increased	from	US$20.0	million	to	US$22.3	million	in	the	year.	During	2012	the	Company	generated	US$15.4	
million	of	revenues	from	the	Kambuna	field.	Cash	outflows	were	incurred	on	Kambuna	field	operating	costs	in	Indonesia	and	on	the	
Spaniards	appraisal	well	drilling	in	the	UK.	Other	costs	included	seismic	work	across	the	portfolio,	Columbus	Field	Development	Plan	
expense together with new venture costs, ongoing administrative costs and corporate activity.

Trade	and	other	payables	of	US$11.7	million	at	31	December	2012	chiefly	include	trade	creditors	and	accruals	of	US$6.9	million	from	
the	Spaniards	East	well	drilling	in	the	UK.	Other	items	include	sundry	creditors	and	accruals	from	the	Kambuna	field	operations	and	
ongoing	exploration	programmes	in	Namibia	and	the	UK,	payables	for	administrative	expenses	and	other	corporate	costs.

The	current	tax	payable	in	prior	periods	arises	in	respect	of	the	Kambuna	field	in	Indonesia.	First	cash	tax	payments	from	Kambuna	field	
revenues were made in April 2011 although the field is not currently in a cash tax paying position.

Provisions	of	US$1.6	million	at	31	December	2012	are	in	respect	of	Kambuna	field	decommissioning	payments	in	Indonesia.	These	were	
classified	as	long-term	liabilities	in	2011.

Long-Term Assets and Liabilities 

An	extract	of	the	balance	sheet	detailing	long-term	assets	and	liabilities	is	provided	below:

Exploration	and	evaluation	assets	
Property,	plant	and	equipment	
Financial	assets	
Long-term	other	receivables	
Provisions	
Deferred	income	tax	liabilities	

31 December 
2012 
US$000 

31 December
2011
US$000

66,880	
1,145	
–	
1,706	
–	
–	

69,083
18,719
394
3,613
(2,029)
–

During	2012,	total	investments	in	petroleum	and	natural	gas	properties	represented	by	exploration	and	evaluation	assets	(“E&E	assets”)	
decreased	from	US$69.1	million	to	US$66.9	million.	

The	net	US$2.2	million	decrease	consists	of	US$12.8	million	of	additions,	less	US$9.8	million	of	exploration	asset	write-offs	and	the	
US$5.2	million	of	back	cost	contributions	on	farm-out	transactions	in	Namibia,	Morocco	and	the	UK.	

16

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
The	US$12.8	million	of	additions	on	continuing	operations	were	incurred	on	the	following	assets:

In	the	UK	&	Ireland,	US$8.5	million	was	incurred	during	2012	in	preparation	for	and	drilling	the	Spaniards	East	appraisal	well,	US$0.9	
million	was	incurred	on	the	Columbus	FDP	(including	FEED	work	on	the	BLP),	US$1.2	million	on	a	site	survey	and	other	exploration	work	
in	Ireland	and	US$0.9	million	on	other	UK	exploration	work	and	G&A.	

In	Africa,	US$0.7	million	was	capitalised	in	respect	of	the	Luderitz	basin	licence	interests	in	Namibia	and	US$0.6	million	was	incurred	
on	ongoing	work	on	the	Morocco	interests.	

Property,	plant	and	equipment	chiefly	comprise	the	net	book	amount	of	the	capital	expenditure	on	the	Company’s	interest	in	the	
Kambuna	development.	During	2012,	the	Company’s	investment	decreased	from	US$18.3	million	to	US$1.1	million.	This	US$17.2	million	
decrease	comprised	depletion	charges	of	US$13.1	million	arising	from	the	production	of	gas	and	condensate,	the	Q4	2012	impairment	
of	US$4.4	million,	a	US$0.5	million	book	cost	adjustment	from	decommissioning	estimate	revisions,	partially	offset	by	US$0.7	million	of	
capex	additions	in	the	year.	The	property,	plant	and	equipment	also	included	balances	of	US$0.1	million	(2011:	US$0.5	million)	for	office	
fixtures	and	fittings	and	computer	equipment.

All	financial	assets	at	31	December	2012	were	classified	as	short-term.	

Long-term	other	receivables	of	US$1.7	million	are	represented	by	value	added	tax	(“VAT”)	on	Indonesian	capital	spend	which	is	
expected to be recovered from the Indonesian authorities. 

Provisions	of	US$2.0	million	at	31	December	2011	are	in	respect	of	Kambuna	field	decommissioning	payments	in	Indonesia.	These	are	
classified as current liabilities in 2012.

There were no recorded deferred income tax liabilities as at 31 December 2011 or 2012.

Shareholders’ Equity

An	extract	of	the	balance	sheet	detailing	shareholders’	equity	is	provided	below:

Total	share	capital	
Other	reserves	
Accumulated	deficit	

31 December 
2012 
US$000 

31  December
2011 
US$000

209,758	
20,045	
(141,171)	

207,702
19,475
(116,463)

Total	share	capital	includes	the	total	net	proceeds,	both	nominal	value	and	any	premium,	on	the	issue	of	equity	capital.

Other	reserves	mainly	include	amounts	in	respect	of	cumulative	share-based	payment	charges.	The	increase	from	US$19.5	million	to	
US$20.0	million	reflects	proportional	charges	in	2012	for	options	issued	in	2012	and	prior	years.	

Asset values and Impairment

At	31	December	2012	Serica’s	market	capitalisation	stood	at	US$74.2	million	(£45.9	million),	based	upon	a	share	price	of	£0.2512,	which	
was	exceeded	by	the	net	asset	value	at	that	date	of	US$88.6	million.	By	24	May	2013	the	Company’s	market	capitalisation	had	decreased	
to	US$62.1	million.	Management	conducted	a	thorough	review	of	the	carrying	value	of	its	assets	and	determined	that	no	further	write-
downs	were	required	beyond	those	already	disclosed	above.	

Capital Resources

Available financing resources
Serica’s	prime	focus	has	been	to	deliver	value	through	exploration	success.	To-date	this	has	given	rise	to	the	Kambuna	gas	field	
development	in	Indonesia	and	the	Columbus	gas	field	in	the	UK	North	Sea,	for	which	development	plans	are	being	formulated.	

Typically	exploration	activities	are	equity	financed	whilst	field	development	costs	are	principally	debt	financed.	In	the	current	business	

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

17

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
FINANCIAL REVIEW CONTINUED

environment,	access	to	new	funding	remains	uncertain.	Consequently,	the	Company	has	given	priority	to	the	careful	management	of	
existing financial resources. 

At	31	December	2012,	the	Company	held	cash	and	cash	equivalents	of	US$22.3	million	and	US$0.4	million	of	short	and	long-term	
restricted	cash	in	continuing	operations.	Significant	liabilities	of	US$6.9	million	arising	from	the	Q4	2012	East	Spaniards	well	in	the	UK	
North	Sea	have	been	settled	since	the	year	end,	and	as	at	24	May	2013,	cash	and	restricted	cash	balances	held	totaled	US$16.0	million.	
Despite	the	forthcoming	cessation	of	Kambuna	field	revenues	in	Q3	2013,	Serica’s	current	resources	are	sufficient	to	meet	its	current	
committed programme for 2013.  

However,	the	Board	recognised	that	it	will	be	more	than	two	years	before	we	can	expect	first	revenues	from	the	Columbus	field	and	that	
we will need to secure additional funding ready for our exploration programme from 1H 2014 and to support further business growth. 

The management is considering a range of financing options to achieve this. The Company will continue to carefully manage its financial 
resources and the control that the Company can exert over the timing and cost of its exploration programmes both through operatorship 
and	through	farm-outs	are	also	key	factors	in	its	ability	to	manage	its	commitments.	

Debt facility
Throughout	2011	and	2012,	the	Company	has	had	access	to	a	three-year	US$50	million	debt	facility,	which	was	arranged	in	November	
2009	with	J.P.Morgan	plc,	Bank	of	Scotland	plc	and	Natixis	as	Mandated	Lead	Arrangers.	This	facility	was	principally	to	refinance	the	
Company’s	outstanding	borrowings	on	the	Kambuna	field.	It	was	also	originally	put	in	place	to	finance	the	appraisal	and	development	of	
the Columbus field and for general corporate purposes. 

Although all outstanding amounts under the Company’s debt facility were fully repaid in February 2011, the facility was rolled forward 
until	February	2013	whilst	the	directors	reviewed	the	funding	requirements	and	options	available	for	the	Columbus	field	development.	
Following	the	good	progress	that	had	initially	been	made	with	BG	on	the	development	of	the	Columbus	field,	the	Company	was	actively	
engaged	in	arranging	financing	to	enable	this	to	be	achieved.	In	March	2013,	in	light	of	the	current	expected	timing	requirements	for	the	
Company’s	share	of	Columbus	project	development	costs,	the	Company	decided	to	allow	the	facility	to	expire.	This	decision	will	save	
ongoing	unutilised	fee	costs	and	was	made	in	light	of	other	financing	options	that	are	under	review.	Plans	are	advanced	to	finance	the	
Company’s share of Columbus development costs when the final decision to proceed is made.  

Summary of contractual obligations
The	following	table	summarises	the	Company’s	contractual	obligations	as	at	31	December	2012;

Contractual	Obligations	

Operating	leases	
Other	short	term	obligations	
Total contractual obligations 

All	bank	debt	was	repaid	in	February	2011.

Total 
US$000 

<1 year 
US$000 

1-3 years 
US$000 

>3 years
US$000

146	
1,608	
1,754 

146	
1,608	
1,754 

–	
–	
– 

–
–
–

Other	short	term	obligations	relate	current	estimates	of	decommissioning	payments	in	Indonesia.

Lease commitments
At 31 December 2012, Serica had no capital lease obligations. At that date, the Company had commitments to future minimum 
payments	under	operating	leases	in	respect	of	rental	office	premises	and	office	equipment	for	each	of	the	following	period/years	as	
follows:

31	December	2013	
31	December	2014	

US$000
146
–

In February 2013, the Company entered into a new five year office operating lease with a minimum commitment period of one year, 
expiring in April 2014. 

18

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
Capital expenditure commitments, obligations and plans 
The	Company	also	has	obligations	to	carry	out	defined	work	programmes	on	its	oil	and	gas	properties,	under	the	terms	of	the	award	of	
rights	to	these	properties.	The	Company	is	not	obliged	to	meet	other	joint	venture	partner	shares	of	these	programmes.

In	the	UK	North	Sea,	the	partners	in	Licence	P1906	(York	Area)	have	obligations	to	acquire	seismic	data	in	the	first	licence	period.	The	
acquisition	of	this	data	commenced	in	May	2013	and	Serica’s	estimated	40%	paying	share	is	US$1.8	million.

In Morocco, the partners on the Foum Draa licence expect to drill the first exploration commitment well in Q4 2013. The Company is 
carried	for	its	share	of	expenditure	up	to	a	gross	cap	of	US$60	million.	Serica	has	currently	budgeted	to	pay	some	US$3.5	million,	being	
its	paying	share	of	costs	over	and	above	the	agreed	cap	to	the	farm-in	carry.

Under	the	terms	of	the	Company’s	Namibian	licence,	the	value	of	work	performed	in	2012	by	the	JV	partners	on	the	3D	Seismic	
acquisition	programme	has	exceeded	the	minimum	obligation	expenditure	on	exploration	work	of	US$15.0	million	covering	the	entire	
initial four year period of the licence, ending in December 2015. 

Other	less	material	minimum	obligations	include	G&G,	seismic	work	and	ongoing	licence	fees	in	the	UK	and	Ireland.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

The	Company	has	not	entered	into	any	off-balance	sheet	transactions	or	arrangements.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The Company’s significant accounting policies are detailed in note 2 to the attached audited 2012 financial statements. International 
Financial Reporting Standards have been adopted. The costs of exploring for and developing petroleum and natural gas reserves are 
capitalised.	The	capitalisation	and	any	write	off	of	E&E	assets,	or	depletion	of	producing	assets,	involve	certain	judgments	with	regard	
to	whether	the	asset	will	ultimately	prove	to	be	recoverable.	Key	sources	of	estimation	uncertainty	that	impact	the	Company	relate	
to	assessment	of	commercial	reserves	and	the	impairment	of	the	Company’s	assets.	Oil	and	gas	properties	are	subject	to	periodic	
review	for	impairment,	whilst	goodwill	is	reviewed	at	least	annually.	Impairment	considerations	involve	certain	judgements	as	to	
whether	E&E	assets	will	lead	to	commercial	discoveries	and	whether	future	field	revenues	will	be	sufficient	to	cover	capitalised	costs.	
Recoverable	amounts	can	be	determined	based	upon	risked	potential,	or	where	relevant,	discovered	oil	and	gas	reserves.	In	each	case,	
recoverable amount calculations are based upon estimations and management assumptions about future outcomes, product prices and 
performance.	Management	is	required	to	assess	the	level	of	the	Group’s	commercial	reserves	together	with	the	future	expenditures	to	
access those reserves, which are utilised in determining the amortisation and depletion charge for the period and assessing whether 
any	impairment	charge	is	required.		

Financial Instruments

The	Group’s	financial	instruments	comprise	cash	and	cash	equivalents,	bank	loans	and	borrowings,	accounts	payable	and	accounts	
receivable.	It	is	management’s	opinion	that	the	Group	is	not	exposed	to	significant	interest	or	credit	or	currency	risks	arising	from	its	
financial	instruments	other	than	as	discussed	below:

Serica	has	exposure	to	interest	rate	fluctuations	on	its	cash	deposits	and	its	bank	loans;	given	the	level	of	expenditure	plans	over	2013/14	
this	is	managed	in	the	short-term	through	selecting	treasury	deposit	periods	of	one	to	three	months.	Treasury	counterparty	credit	risks	
are mitigated through spreading the placement of funds over a range of institutions each carrying acceptable published credit ratings to 
minimise	counterparty	risk.

Where	Serica	operates	joint	ventures	on	behalf	of	partners	it	seeks	to	recover	the	appropriate	share	of	costs	from	these	third	parties.	
The	majority	of	partners	in	these	ventures	are	well	established	oil	and	gas	companies.	In	the	event	of	non	payment,	operating	
agreements typically provide recourse through increased venture shares. 

Serica	retains	certain	non	US$	cash	holdings	and	other	financial	instruments	relating	to	its	operations,	limited	to	the	levels	necessary	
to	support	those	operations.	The	US$	reporting	currency	value	of	these	may	fluctuate	from	time	to	time	causing	reported	foreign	
exchange gains and losses. Serica maintains a broad strategy of matching the currency of funds held on deposit with the expected 
expenditures	in	those	currencies.	Management	believes	that	this	mitigates	much	of	any	actual	potential	currency	risk	from	financial	
instruments.	Loan	funding	is	available	in	US	Dollars	and	Pounds	Sterling.

It is management’s opinion that the fair value of its financial instruments approximate to their carrying values, unless otherwise noted.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

19

FINANCIAL REVIEW CONTINUED

Share Options

As	at	31	December	2012,	the	following	director	and	employee	share	options	were	outstanding:	

Expiry Date  

March 2014 
December 2014 
January	2015	
June	2015	

October	2013	
January	2014	
November	2015		
January	2016	
June	2016	
January	2017	
May 2017 
March	2018	
March 2018 
January	2020	
April 2021 
January	2022	
October	2022	

Amount 

1,000,000 
200,000 
600,000	
100,000	

Exercise cost
Cdn$
1,800,000
200,000
600,000
180,000

Exercise cost
£
300,000
72,960
271,600
139,725
259,200
247,860
218,400
445,500
287,000
1,498,380
141,188
458,485
348,000

750,000	
228,000	
280,000	
135,000	
270,000	
243,000	
210,000 
594,000	
350,000 
2,203,500	
450,000 
2,144,960	
1,200,000	

In	January	2012,	859,690	share	options	were	granted	to	two	executive	directors	and	1,285,270	share	options	were	granted	to	certain	
employees	other	than	directors	with	an	exercise	cost	of	£0.21375	and	an	expiry	date	of	10	January	2022.	

In	April	2012,	110,000	share	options	were	exercised	by	employees	other	than	directors	at	a	price	of	£0.32,	and	1,902,500	share	options	
expired.

In August 2012, 1,200,000 share options expired.

In September 2012, 1,257,000 share options expired.

In	October	2012,	1,200,000	share	options	were	granted	to	three	executive	directors	with	an	exercise	cost	of	£0.29	and	an	expiry	date	of	7	
October	2022.

In	January	2013,	400,000	share	options	were	granted	to	employees	other	than	directors	with	an	exercise	cost	of	£0.2725	and	an	expiry	
date	of	22	January	2023.

Outstanding Share Capital

As	at	29	May	2013,	the	Company	had	182,770,311	ordinary	shares	issued	and	outstanding.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures and Internal Controls over Financial Reporting 

The	Company’s	Chief	Executive	Officer	and	Chief	Financial	Officer	have	designed,	or	caused	to	be	designed	under	their	supervision,	
disclosure	controls	and	procedures	(“DC&P”)	to	provide	reasonable	assurance	that:	(i)	material	information	relating	to	the	Company	is	
made	known	to	the	Company’s	Chief	Executive	Officer	and	Chief	Financial	Officer	by	others,	particularly	during	the	periods	in	which	the	
annual	and	interim	filings	are	being	prepared;	and	(ii)	information	required	to	be	disclosed	by	the	Company	in	its	annual	filings,	interim	
filings	or	other	reports	filed	or	submitted	by	it	under	securities	legislation	is	recorded,	processed,	summarized	and	reported	within	the	
time period specified in securities legislation. All control systems by their nature have inherent limitations and, therefore, the Company’s 
DC&P	are	believed	to	provide	reasonable,	but	not	absolute,	assurance	that	the	objectives	of	the	control	systems	are	met.	

20

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
	
	
 
 
	
	
 
 
	
	
	
	
The	Company’s	Chief	Executive	Officer	and	Chief	Financial	Officer	have	designed,	or	caused	to	be	designed	under	their	supervision,	
internal	controls	over	financial	reporting	(“ICFR”)	to	provide	reasonable	assurance	regarding	the	reliability	of	the	Company’s	financial	
reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS. 

The	Company’s	Chief	Executive	Officer	and	Chief	Financial	Officer	have	evaluated	the	effectiveness	of	the	Company’s	DC&P	and	ICFR	
as	defined	by	National	Instrument	52-109	–	Certification	of	Disclosure	in	Issuers’	Annual	and	Interim	Filings.	Based	on	that	evaluation,	
the	Chief	Executive	Officer	and	Chief	Financial	Officer	have	concluded	that,	as	at	December	31,	2012,	the	Company’s	DC&P	and	ICFR	are	
effective.	There	were	no	changes	in	the	Company’s	ICFR	during	the	period	beginning	on	October	1,	2012	and	ended	December	31,	2012	
that	have	materially	affected,	or	are	reasonably	likely	to	materially	affect,	the	Company’s	ICFR.	It	should	be	noted	that	a	control	system,	
including the Company’s disclosure and internal controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived can provide only reasonable, 
but	not	absolute	assurance	that	the	objectives	of	the	control	system	will	be	met	and	it	should	not	be	expected	that	the	disclosure	and	
internal controls and procedures will prevent all errors or fraud.

Business Risk and Uncertainties

Serica,	like	all	companies	in	the	oil	and	gas	industry,	operates	in	an	environment	subject	to	inherent	risks	and	uncertainties.	 The	
Board	regularly	considers	the	principal	risks	to	which	the	company	is	exposed	and	monitors	any	agreed	mitigating	actions.	 The	
overall	strategy	for	the	protection	of	shareholder	value	against	these	risks	is	to	retain	a	broad	portfolio	of	assets	with	varied	risk/
reward profiles, to apply prudent industry practice in all operations, to carry insurance where available and cost effective, and to 
retain	adequate	working	capital.

The	principal	risks	currently	recognised	and	the	mitigating	actions	taken	by	the	management	are	as	follows:

Investment Returns:	Management	seeks	to	raise	funds	and	then	to	generate	shareholder	returns	though	investment	in	a	portfolio	of	
exploration acreage leading to the drilling of wells and discovery of commercial reserves. Delivery of this business model carries a 
number	of	key	risks.		
Risk
Market	support	may	be	eroded		obstructing	fundraising	and	
lowering the share price 

  Mitigation
•		Management	regularly	communicates	its	strategy	to	shareholders
•	 Focus	is	placed		on	building	an	asset	portfolio	capable	of	delivering	

General	market	conditions	may	fluctuate	hindering	delivery	
of the company’s business plan
Management’s decisions on capital allocation may not 
deliver the expected successful outcomes
Each	asset	carries	its	own	risk	profile	and	no	outcome	can	
be certain

regular news flow and offering continuing prospectivity

•	 Management	aims	to	retain	adequate	working	capital	to	ride	out	

downturns should they arise

•	 Rigorous	analysis	is	conducted	of	all	investment	proposals	
•	 Operations	are	spread	over	a	range	of	areas	and	risk	profiles
•	 Management	aims	to	avoid	over-exposure	to	individual	assets	and	to	

identify	the	associated	risks	objectively

Operations:	Operations	may	not	go	according	to	plan	leading	to	damage,	pollution,	cost	overruns	and	poor	outcomes.
Risk
Individual wells may not deliver recoverable oil and gas 
reserves 

  Mitigation
•		Thorough	pre-drill	evaluations	are	conducted	to	identify	the	risk/reward	

balance

Wells	may	blow	out	or	equipment	may	fail	causing	
environmental damage and delays 

Production	may	be	interrupted	generating	significant	
revenue loss
Operations	may	take	far	longer	or	cost	more		than	expected 

Resource estimates may be misleading curtailing actual 
production and reducing reserves estimates 

•	 Exposure	is	selectively	mitigated	through	farm-out
•	 The	Group	retains	fully	trained	and	experienced	personnel
•	 The	planning	process	involves	risk	identification	and	establishment	of	

mitigation measures 

•	 Emphasis	is	placed	on	engaging	experienced	contractors
•	 Appropriate	insurances	are	retained
•	 Serica’s	only	producing	field,	Kambuna,	is	in	the	later	stages	of	

production	and	insurance	is	not	considered	cost-effective

•	 Management	applies	rigorous	budget	control
•	 Adequate	working	capital	is	retained	to	cover	reasonable	eventualities
•	 The	Group	deploys	qualified	personnel
•	 Ongoing	performance	is	monitored
•	 Regular	third-party	reports	are	commissioned

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

21

 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL REVIEW CONTINUED

Personnel: The company relies upon a pool of experienced and motivated personnel to identify and execute successful investment 
strategies
Risk
Key	personnel	may	be	lost	to	other	companies 

  Mitigation
•		The	Remuneration	Committee	regularly	evaluates	incentivisation	

Personal	safety	may	be	at	risk	in	demanding	operating	
environments, typically offshore 

Staff and representatives may find themselves exposed to 
bribery and corrupt practices 

schemes to ensure they remain competitive

•	 A	culture	of	safety	is	encouraged	throughout	the	organisation
•	 Responsible	personnel	are	designated	at	all	appropriate	levels
•	 The	Group	maintains	up-to-date	emergency	response	resources	and	

procedures

•	 Insurance	cover	is	carried	in	accordance	with	industry	best	practice
•	 Company	policies	and	procedures	are	communicated	to	personnel	

regularly

•	 Management	reviews	all	significant	contracts	and	relationships	with	

agents and governments

Commercial environment:	World	and	regional	markets	continue	to	be	volatile	with	fluctuations		and	access	issues	that	might	hinder	the	
company’s business success
Risk
Volatile commodity prices mean that the company cannot 
be certain of the future sales value of its products 

  Mitigation
•		Kambuna	gas	is	sold	under	long-term	contracts	and	similar	
arrangements will be considered for Columbus production

The company may not be able to get access, at reasonable 
cost,	to	infrastructure	and	product	markets	when	required
Credit to support field development programmes may not 
be available at reasonable cost 

Fiscal regimes may vary, increasing effective tax rates and 
reducing the expected value of reserves 

•	 Such	contracts	can	be	supplemented	by	price	hedging	although	none	is	

currently	in	place	for	Kambuna	condensate

•	 Budget	planning	considers	a	range	of	commodity	pricing
•	 A	range	of	different	off-take	options	have	been	considered	for	Columbus	

and field partners are currently in advanced negotiation

•	 Serica’s	original	facility	was	designed	to	fund	part	of	Columbus	capital	

costs, funding options are under review

•	 Funding	requirements	for	Kambuna	were	mitigated	through	part	

disposal

•	 Operations	are	currently	spread	over	a	range	of	different	fiscal	regimes	

in Indonesia, Western Europe and Africa

•	 Before	committing	to	a	significant	investment	the	likelihood	of	fiscal	
term	changes	is	considered	when	evaluating	the	risk/reward	balance

In	addition	to	the	principal	risks	and	uncertainties	described	herein,	the	Company	is	subject	to	a	number	of	other	risk	factors	generally,	
a description of which is set out in our latest Annual Information Form available on www.sedar.com.

Key Performance Indicators (“KPIs”)

The	Company’s	main	business	is	the	acquisition	of	interests	in	prospective	exploration	acreage,	the	discovery	of	hydrocarbons	in	
commercial	quantities	and	the	crystallisation	of	value	whether	through	production	or	disposal	of	reserves.	The	Company	tracks	its	
non-financial	performance	through	the	accumulation	of	licence	interests	in	proven	and	prospective	hydrocarbon	producing	regions,	the	
level	of	success	in	encountering	hydrocarbons	and	the	development	of	production	facilities.	In	parallel,	the	Company	tracks	its	financial	
performance	through	management	of	expenditures	within	resources	available,	the	cost-effective	exploitation	of	reserves	and	the	
crystallisation of value at the optimum point.

Nature and Continuance of Operations

The	principal	activity	of	the	Company	is	to	identify,	acquire	and	subsequently	exploit	oil	and	gas	reserves.	Its	activities	are	located	in	the	
UK,	Ireland,	Namibia	and	Morocco,	together	with	a	currently	retained	interest	in	the	Kambuna	Field	in	Indonesia.

The Company’s financial statements have been prepared with the assumption that the Company will be able to realise its assets and 
discharge	its	liabilities	in	the	normal	course	of	business	rather	than	through	a	process	of	forced	liquidation.	During	the	year	ended	31	
December	2012	the	Company	generated	a	loss	of	US$24.7	million	from	continuing	operations.	At	31	December	2012	the	Company	had	
US$22.3	million	of	net	cash.	The	Company	intends	to	utilise	its	existing	cash	balances	and	future	operating	cash	inflows	to	fund	the	
immediate needs of its investment programme and ongoing exploration operations. Columbus development costs will largely be met by 
separate financing options. 

22

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In	making	their	going	concern	assessment,	the	Directors	have	determined	that	the	Company	has	sufficient	funds	to	meet	its	exploration	
and other commitments for 2013 but will need to secure additional funding for the Company’s exploration programme from 1H2014.

The management is considering a range of strategic and financing options to achieve this. The Directors believe in the underlying 
strength and value in the Company’s portfolio of assets which has been demonstrated by expressions of interest received from third 
parties	and	are	of	the	opinion	that	the	Group	will	be	able	to	access	funds	to	meet	its	ongoing	working	capital	and	committed	capital	
expenditure	requirements	over	the	next	12	months.	The	strategic	and	capital	raising	alternatives	open	to	the	Company	include	the	
realisation	of	asset	value	through	farm-out	or	sale,	forward	sale	of	production,	corporate	transactions	as	well	as	the	issue	of	equity	or	
other	financial	instruments.		The	Company	has	no	debt	or	major	commitments	or	other	liabilities	which	are	not	covered	by	existing	farm-
out agreements with strongly financed companies.  Accordingly, the financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis.

Further	details	of	the	Company’s	financial	resources	and	debt	facility	are	given	above	in	the	Financial	Review	in	this	MD&A.

Additional Information

Additional information relating to Serica, including the Company’s annual information form, can be found on the Company’s website at 
www.serica-energy.com	and	on	SEDAR	at	www.sedar.com

Approved on Behalf of the Board 

Antony Craven Walker 
Chief Executive Officer 

Christopher hearne
Finance Director

29	May	2013

Forward Looking Statements

This	disclosure	contains	certain	forward	looking	statements	that	involve	substantial	known	and	unknown	risks	and	uncertainties,	
some	of	which	are	beyond	Serica	Energy	plc’s	control,	including:	the	impact	of	general	economic	conditions	where	Serica	Energy	plc	
operates, industry conditions, changes in laws and regulations including the adoption of new environmental laws and regulations and 
changes	in	how	they	are	interpreted	and	enforced,	increased	competition,	the	lack	of	availability	of	qualified	personnel	or	management,	
fluctuations	in	foreign	exchange	or	interest	rates,	stock	market	volatility	and	market	valuations	of	companies	with	respect	to	announced	
transactions	and	the	final	valuations	thereof,	and	obtaining	required	approvals	of	regulatory	authorities.		Serica	Energy	plc’s	actual	
results,	performance	or	achievement	could	differ	materially	from	those	expressed	in,	or	implied	by,	these	forward	looking	statements	
and,	accordingly,	no	assurances	can	be	given	that	any	of	the	events	anticipated	by	the	forward	looking	statements	will	transpire	or	
occur, or if any of them do so, what benefits, including the amount of proceeds, that Serica Energy plc will derive therefrom.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

23

                     
                    
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF SERICA ENERGY PLC
YEAR	ENDED	31	DECEMBER	2012

Directors’ Report

The	Directors	of	the	Company	present	their	report	and	the	Group	financial	statements	of	Serica	Energy	plc	(“Serica”	or	the	“Company”)	
for the year ended 31 December 2012.

Principal Activities 

The	principal	activity	of	the	Company	and	its	subsidiary	undertakings	(the	“Group”)	is	to	identify,	acquire,	explore	and	subsequently	
exploit	oil	and	gas	reserves.	Its	current	activities	are	located	in	the	United	Kingdom,	Ireland,	Namibia,	Morocco	and	Indonesia.	

Business Review and Future Developments 

A	review	of	the	business	and	the	future	developments	of	the	Group,	including	the	principal	risks	and	uncertainties,	is	presented	in	the	
Chairman’s	Statement,	and	in	the	Management’s	Discussion	and	Analysis,	which	includes	the	Review	of	Operations	and	the	Financial	
Review	(all	of	which,	together	with	the	Corporate	Governance	Statement,	are	incorporated	by	reference	into	this	Directors’	Report).

Results and Dividends

The	loss	for	the	year	was	US$24,708,000	(2011:	loss	US$20,370,000).

The	Directors	do	not	recommend	the	payment	of	a	dividend	(2011:	US$nil).

Financial Instruments

The	Group’s	financial	risk	management	objectives	and	policies	are	discussed	in	the	Financial	Instruments	section	of	the	Management’s	
Discussion and Analysis and in note 24.

Events Since Balance Sheet Date

Events since the balance sheet date are included in note 31.

Directors and their Interests

The	following	Directors	have	held	office	in	the	Company	since	1	January	2012:
Antony	Craven	Walker	
Christopher Hearne 
Peter	Sadler	
Neil	Pike	
Mitchell	Flegg	(appointed	5	September	2012)	
Ian Vann 
Steven Theede 
Jonathan	Cartwright	(resigned	28	June	2012)	
Jeffrey	Harris	(appointed	20	December	2012)	

The Directors who held office at the end of the financial year had the following interests in the ordinary shares of the Company 
according	to	the	register	of	Directors’	interests:

Antony	Craven	Walker	(2)	
Christopher	Hearne	
Peter	Sadler	
Mitchell	Flegg	
Neil	Pike	(3)	
Ian	Vann	
Steven	Theede	
Jeffrey	Harris	(4)	

Class 
 of share 

Interest at 
end of year 

Interest at
start of year1

Ordinary	
Ordinary	
Ordinary	
Ordinary	
Ordinary	
Ordinary	
Ordinary	
Ordinary	

5,970,236	
794,632	
186,172	
102,816	
405,000	
133,935	
749,485	
25,501,736	

5,970,236
765,556
157,096
97,629
405,000
133,935
749,485
–

1.	Or	date	of	appointment	if	later.
2.	3,513,349	ordinary	shares	are	held	by	Antony	Craven	Walker,	1,548,003	ordinary	shares	are	held	by	Christine	Elizabeth	Walker	and	908,884	by	Rathbones	(pension	fund).
3.	155,000	ordinary	shares	are	held	by	Romayne	Pike	and	150,000	ordinary	shares	by	Luska	Limited.
4.	25,501,736	ordinary	shares	are	held	by	Global	Reserve	Group	LLC	who	are	represented	on	the	Board	by	Jeffrey	Harris.

24

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
None	of	the	Directors	who	held	office	at	the	end	of	the	financial	year	had	any	disclosable	interest	in	the	shares	of	other	Group	
companies.

No	rights	to	subscribe	for	shares	in	or	debentures	of	Group	companies	were	granted	to	any	of	the	Directors	or	their	immediate	families,	
or	exercised	by	them,	during	the	financial	year	except	as	indicated	below:

The	Directors	are	interested	in	share	options	held	by	them	pursuant	to	the	terms	of	the	Serica	Energy	Corporation	option	plan	(a	
summary	of	which	is	set	out	in	note	27)	as	follows:

1/1/12 

Granted 

Expired 

31/12/12 

Exercise 
Price Cdn$ 

C	Hearne	

600,000	
100,000	

–	
–	

–	
–	

600,000	
100,000	

1.00	
1.80	

Date of 
grant 

17/01/05	
15/06/05	

Expiry
date

16/01/15
14/06/15

The options above have fully vested.

The	following	Directors	are	also	interested	in	share	options	held	by	them	pursuant	to	the	terms	of	the	Serica	Energy	plc	Share	Option	
Plan	2005	(“Serica	2005	Option	Plan”)	(a	summary	of	which	is	set	out	in	note	27)	as	follows:

1/1/12 

Granted 

Expired 

31/12/12 

Exercise 
Price £ 

C	Hearne	

P	Sadler	

M	Flegg	

A	Craven	Walker	
N	Pike	
I	Vann	
S	Theede	

103,000	
7,000	
350,000	
675,000	
200,000	
–	
–	
750,000	
750,000	
–	
–	
270,000	
150,000	
210,000	
66,000	
225,000	
200,000	
–	
–	
300,000	
300,000	
300,000	
300,000	

–	
–	
–	
–	

402,190	
400,000	
–	

457,500	
400,000	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
326,750	
400,000	
–	
–	
–	
–	

–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	

–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
(300,000)	
(300,000)	
(300,000)	
(300,000)	

103,000	
7,000	
350,000	
675,000	
200,000	
402,190	
400,000	
750,000	
750,000	
457,500	
400,000	
270,000	
150,000	
210,000	
66,000	
225,000	
200,000	
326,750	
400,000	
–	
–	
–	
–	

0.97	
0.97	
0.82	
0.68	
0.313	
0.214	
0.29	
0.40	
0.68	
0.214	
0.29	
0.96	
1.02	
0.75	
0.32	
0.68	
0.313	
0.214	
0.29	
0.985	
0.985	
0.985	
0.985	

Date of 
grant 

23/11/05	
23/11/05	
31/03/08	
11/01/10	
05/04/11	
11/01/12	
08/10/12	
28/10/08	
11/01/10	
11/01/12	
08/10/12	
12/06/06	
11/01/07	
14/03/08	
05/01/09	
11/01/10	
05/04/11	
11/01/12	
08/10/12	
10/08/07	
10/08/07	
10/08/07	
10/08/07	

Expiry
date

22/11/15
22/11/15
30/03/18
10/01/20
04/04/21
10/01/22
07/10/22
27/10/13
10/01/20
10/01/22
07/10/22
11/06/16
10/01/17
13/03/18
04/01/14
10/01/20
04/04/21
10/01/22
07/10/22
10/08/12
10/08/12
10/08/12
10/08/12

Options	granted	prior	to	December	2009	vest	as	to	one	third	on	each	of	the	first,	second	and	third	anniversaries	of	grant	in	line	with	the	
practice	for	companies	listed	in	Toronto	which	applied	at	the	date	of	grant.	Options	awarded	since	December	2009	have	a	three	year	
vesting period. 

Under	the	Serica	2005	Option	Plan,	when	awarding	options	to	directors,	the	Remuneration	Committee	is	required	to	set	Performance	
Conditions,	in	addition	to	the	vesting	provisions,	before	vesting	can	take	place.	In	summary	the	Performance	Conditions	are	as	follows:	

In	respect	of	the	options	granted	in	November	2005,	the	director	may	only	exercise	those	options	on	condition	that	the	Serica	share	price	
on	a	30	day	moving	average	basis	prior	to	23	November	2015	has	reached	at	least	200p.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

In	respect	of	the	options	granted	in	October	2008,	the	director	may	only	exercise	those	options	on	condition	that	certain	operational	
targets are met. These options have a 5 year exercise period. To date the first tranche of these options have vested following satisfaction 
of the relevant performance condition. 

In	respect	of	the	options	granted	in	January	2010,	the	vesting	of	the	options	is	subject	to	Serica	share	price	Performance	Conditions	
measured	against	a	selected	peer	group	consisting	of	Antrim	Energy	Inc.,	Aurelian	Oil	&	Gas	plc,	Bowleven	plc,	Falkland	Oil	&	Gas	
Limited,	Faroe	Petroleum	plc,	Gulfsands	Petroleum	plc,	Ithaca	Energy	Inc,	Northern	Petroleum	plc,	Petroceltic	International	plc,	
Providence	Resources	plc,	Regal	Petroleum	plc	and	Valiant	Petroleum	plc.	The	Performance	Conditions	are	as	follows:

–		40%	of	options	to	vest	in	the	event	that	the	Company	outperforms	the	25th	percentile	of	peer	group	performance	over	any	1	year	period
–		80%	of	options	to	vest	in	the	event	that	the	Company	outperforms	the	50th		percentile	of	peer	group	performance	over	any	1	year	period
–		100%	of	options	to	vest	in	the	event	that	the	Company	outperforms	the	75th	percentile	of	peer	group	performance	over	any	1	year	period		

The	peer	group	of	comparator	companies	is	subject	to	change	by	the	Remuneration	Committee	should	the	Remuneration	Committee	
feel that the group no longer comprises a meaningful peer group comparator as the result, for example, of a significant change in the 
Company	or	one	or	more	of	the	peer	group	companies	ceasing	to	be	quoted	on	a	recognised	exchange.	Regal	Petroleum	plc	(Regal)	was	
replaced	by	Dominion	Petroleum	plc	(Dominion)	following	Regal’s	acquisition	by	Energees	Management	Limited	and	Dominion	was	
replaced	by	Chariot	Oil	and	Gas	Limited	(Chariot)	following	Dominion’s	acquisition	by	Ophir	Energy	plc.	

In respect of the options granted in April 2011, the director may only exercise those options on condition that either of the following 
Performance	Conditions	is	satisfied:

–		Achievement	of	full	year	post-tax,	audited	profit	for	the	Serica	Energy	group	of	companies;	and/or
–		Successful	achievement	of	a	merger	or	acquisition	or	other	similar	corporate	event	approved	by	the	Board	of	Directors	of	the	Company	 
    which, in the view of the Remuneration Committee, would create greater diversity and scope for the Company. 

In	respect	of	the	options	granted	in	January	2012	and	October	2012,	the	vesting	of	the	options	is	subject	to	Serica	share	price	
Performance	Conditions	measured	against	a	selected	peer	group	consisting	of	Antrim	Energy	Inc.,	Aurelian	Oil	&	Gas	plc,	Bowleven	
plc,	Chariot	Oil	and	Gas	Limited,	Falkland	Oil	&	Gas	Limited,	Faroe	Petroleum	plc,	Gulfsands	Petroleum	plc,	Ithaca	Energy	Inc,	Northern	
Petroleum	plc,	Petroceltic	International	plc,	Providence	Resources	plc	and	Valiant	Petroleum	plc.	The	Performance	Conditions	are	as	
follows:

–		40%	of	options	to	vest	in	the	event	that	the	Company	outperforms	the	25th	percentile	of	peer	group	performance	over	any	1	year	period
–		80%	of	options	to	vest	in	the	event	that	the	Company	outperforms	the	50th		percentile	of	peer	group	performance	over	any	1	year	period
–		100%	of	options	to	vest	in	the	event	that	the	Company	outperforms	the	75th	percentile	of	peer	group	performance	over	any	1	year	period		

The	peer	group	of	comparator	companies	is	subject	to	change	by	the	Remuneration	Committee	should	the	Remuneration	Committee	
feel that the group no longer comprises a meaningful peer group comparator as the result, for example, of a significant change in the 
Company	or	one	or	more	of	the	peer	group	companies	ceasing	to	be	quoted	on	a	recognised	exchange.

Supplier Payment Policy and Practice  

It is the Company’s policy that payments to suppliers are made in accordance with those terms and conditions agreed between the 
Company and its suppliers, provided that all trading terms and conditions have been complied with.

At	31	December	2012,	the	Company	had	an	average	of	24	days	purchases	owed	to	trade	creditors	(2011	-	25	days).	

Going Concern

For further details of the Company’s consideration on going concern see note 2 to the financial statements.

Auditor

A	resolution	to	reappoint	Ernst	&	Young	LLP,	as	auditor	will	be	put	to	the	members	at	the	annual	general	meeting.

26

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Disclosure of information to auditors

The	directors	who	were	members	of	the	Board	at	the	time	of	approving	the	Directors’	Report	are	listed	above.	So	far	as	each	person	
who was a director at the date of approving this report is aware, there is no relevant audit information, being information needed by 
the	auditor	in	connection	with	preparing	its	report,	of	which	the	auditor	is	unaware.	Having	made	enquiries	of	fellow	directors	and	
the	Group’s	auditor,	each	director	has	taken	all	the	steps	that	he	is	obliged	to	take	as	a	director	in	order	to	made	himself	aware	of	any	
relevant audit information and to establish that the auditor is aware of that information.

On	behalf	of	the	Board	

Christopher hearne
Director
29	May	2013

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

27

 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 

The	Board	of	Directors	fully	endorses	the	importance	of	sound	corporate	governance.		Serica	is	incorporated	in	the	United	Kingdom.	Its	
shares	are	traded	on	both	the	AIM	market	of	the	London	Stock	Exchange	(“AIM”)	and	on	the	Toronto	Stock	Exchange	in	Canada	(“TSX”).	
Each	of	these	two	markets	has	established	guidelines	for	good	corporate	governance	practice.

The	code	of	practice	followed	for	companies	incorporated	in	the	United	Kingdom	and	listed	on	the	premium	sector	of	the	Main	Market	
of	the	London	Stock	Exchange	is	set	out	in	the	UK	Corporate	Governance	Code	(the	“UK	Code”).	It	is	not	compulsory	for	companies	
whose	shares	are	traded	on	the	AIM	market	but	the	Board	applies	those	principles	of	the	UK	Code	to	the	extent	that	it	considers	it	
reasonable	and	practical	to	do	so	given	the	size	and	nature	of	the	Company.	

The	corporate	governance	guidelines	applying	to	reporting	issuers	in	Canada	are	set	out	under	Ontario	Securities	Commission	National	
Policy	58-201	(the	“Corporate	Governance	Guidelines”).		As	the	Company	is	quoted	on	the	TSX	market	as	well	as	on	the	AIM	market	
it	endeavours	to	meet	the	principles	of	the	non-binding	Corporate	Governance	Guidelines	as	well	as	the	UK	Code	where	it	is	deemed	
practical and appropriate to do so.   

The	Company	is	a	‘designated	foreign	issuer’	as	defined	under	National	Instrument	71-1-2-Continuous	Disclosure	and	Other	Exemptions	
Relating	to	Foreign	Issuers.	The	Company	is	subject	to	the	foreign	regulatory	requirements	of	the	AIM	Market	of	the	London	Stock	
Exchange.  

The	disclosures	below	explain	the	composition	of,	role	and	responsibilities	of	the	Board	and	the	Board	Committees.	

The Board and its Committees

The	Board	of	the	Company	currently	consists	of	three	Executive	Directors,	four	non-Executive	Directors	and	the	Chairman	of	the	Board	
who	has	been	acting	as	Interim	CEO	since	the	retirement	of	Paul	Ellis	in	April	2011.	At	the	time	of	Mr	Ellis’s	retirement,	the	Board	agreed	
that it was necessary for there to be some continuity in the management of the Company and it was agreed that the Chairman should be 
appointed	as	Interim	CEO	until	such	time	as	a	suitably	qualified	successor	to	fill	the	CEO	position	could	be	identified.	The	position	has	
been	kept	under	review	by	the	Corporate	Governance	and	Nomination	Committee	which	reports	to	the	Board.		This	Committee	considers	
that it remains in the best interests of the Company for the Chairman to continue to fill this role during this period of strategic refocus. 
This	view	is	supported	by	the	Board.	Neil	Pike	continues	to	hold	the	position	of	Senior	Independent	Director	which	ensure	that	the	
appropriate	level	of	balance	is	maintained	on	the	Board.		During	the	year	Mitchell	Flegg	was	appointed	to	the	Board	as	Chief	Operating	
Officer	and	Jeffrey	Harris	was	appointed	as	a	non-Executive	director.	Jonathan	Cartwright	resigned	as	a	non-Executive	director	in	June	
2012.	Peter	Sadler	will	be	stepping	down	as	Business	Development	Director	at	the	conclusion	of	the	2013	Annual	General	Meeting	but	
will	continue	to	provide	consultancy	services	to	the	Group.	It	is	considered	that	the	Board	is	of	sufficient	size	and	that	the	balance	of	
skills	and	experience	is	appropriate	for	a	company	of	Serica’s	size,	stage	of	development	and	business	although	it	is	recognised	that	
a	CEO	will	need	to	be	appointed	in	due	course.	All	the	non-Executive	directors	and	the	Chairman	are	independent	in	character	and	
judgement	and	have	the	range	of	experience	and	calibre	to	bring	independent	judgement	on	issues	of	strategy,	performance,	resources	
and standards of conduct which is vital to the success of the Group.

The	Board	retains	full	and	effective	control	over	the	Company.	The	Company	holds	regular	Board	meetings	at	which	financial,	
operational	and	other	reports	are	considered	and,	where	appropriate,	voted	on.	The	Board	is	responsible	for	the	Group’s	strategy,	
performance,	key	financial	and	compliance	issues,	approval	of	any	major	capital	expenditure	and	the	framework	of	internal	controls.	
The	matters	reserved	for	the	Board	include,	amongst	others,	approval	of	the	Group’s	long	term	objectives,	policies	and	budgets,	changes	
relating to the Group’s management structure, approval of the Group’s annual report and accounts and ensuring maintenance of sound 
systems of internal control.

There is a clearly defined organisational structure with lines of responsibility and delegation of authority to executive management.  The 
Board	is	responsible	for	monitoring	the	activities	of	the	executive	management.	The	Chairman	has	the	responsibility	of	ensuring	that	
the	Board	discharges	its	responsibilities.	In	the	event	of	an	equality	of	votes	at	a	meeting	of	the	Board,	the	Chairman	has	a	second	or	
casting vote.

Other	than	Jeffrey	Harris	who	represents	Global	Reserve	Group,	the	Company’s	largest	shareholder,	all	of	the	non-Executive	directors	
meet	the	requirements	of	independence	prescribed	in	the	UK	Code.		The	Board	believes	that	there	has	been	an	adequate	balance	
between	the	non-Executive	and	Executive	Directors,	both	in	number	and	in	experience	and	expertise,	to	ensure	that	the	Board	operates	
independently	of	executive	management.		The	need	to	appoint	a	Chief	Executive	Officer	is	recognised	and	this	is	discussed	further	in	
the	Chairman’s	Report.	There	is	no	formal	Board	performance	appraisal	system	in	place	but	the	Corporate	Governance	and	Nomination	
Committee considers this as part of its remit. 

28

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

Individual	Directors	may	engage	outside	advisors	at	the	expense	of	the	Company	upon	approval	by	the	Board	in	appropriate	circumstances.

The	Board	has	established	a	Corporate	Governance	and	Nomination	Committee,	an	Audit	Committee,	a	Reserves	Committee,	a	
Remuneration and Compensation Committee and a Health, Safety and Environmental Committee. The terms of reference of the Corporate 
Governance	and	Nomination,	Audit	and	Remuneration	and	Compensation	Committees	can	be	found	on	the	Company’s	website	www.
serica-energy.com

Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee
The	Corporate	Governance	and	Nomination	Committee	is	responsible	for	the	Company’s	observance	of	the	UK	Code	and	the	Corporate	
Governance Guidelines where they apply to the Company, for compliance with the rules of AIM and the TSX and for other corporate 
governance matters, including compliance with the Company’s Share Dealing Code and with AIM and TSX in respect of dealings by 
directors	or	employees	in	the	Company’s	shares.	The	committee	is	responsible	for	monitoring	the	effectiveness	of	the	Board	and	its	
Committees,	proposing	to	the	Board	new	nominees	for	election	as	directors	to	the	Board,	determining	successor	plans	and	for	assessing	
directors on an ongoing basis. 

The committee met three times during 2012 and proposes to meet at least three times during the next financial year. 

The	Corporate	Governance	and	Nomination	Committee	is	comprised	of	the	Chairman	and	two	non-Executive	directors	all	of	whom	are	
independent	(other	than	as	described	in	“The	Board	and	its	Committees”	above).	The	committee	is	chaired	by	Neil	Pike	and	its	other	
memberis	Antony	Craven	Walker.	Jonathan	Cartwright	served	on	the	committee	until	his	resignation	from	the	Board	on	28	June	2012.	

Audit Committee
The	Audit	Committee	meets	regularly	and	consists	of	three	members,	all	of	whom	are	non-Executive	Directors	and	two	of	whom	are	
independent	including	the	chairman	of	the	committee.	The	committee’s	purpose	is	to	assist	the	Board’s	oversight	of	the	integrity	of	the	
financial	statements	and	other	financial	reporting,	the	independence	and	performance	of	the	auditors,	the	regulation	and	risk	profile	of	the	
Group and the review and approval of any related party transactions. The Audit Committee may hold private sessions with management 
and the external auditor. 

The Audit Committee met seven times in 2012 and proposes to meet at least three  times during the next financial year.  The committee is 
chaired	by	Neil	Pike	and	its	other	members	are	Steven	Theede	and	Jeffrey	Harris.	Jonathan	Cartwright	served	on	the	committee	until	his	
resignation	from	the	Board	on	28	June	2012.

The responsibilities and operation of the Audit Committee are more particularly set out in the Company’s Audit Committee Charter, a copy 
of which is included as Schedule A to the last annual information form which was filed for the Company in respect of the financial year 
ended December 31, 2011, a copy of which is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. 

Reserves Committee
The	Reserves	Committee	is	a	sub-committee	of	the	Audit	Committee.	The	committee’s	purpose	is	to	review	the	reports	of	the	independent	
reserves	auditors	pursuant	to	Canadian	regulations	which	require	that	the	Board	discuss	the	reserves	reports	with	the	independent	
reserves	auditors	or	delegate	authority	to	a	reserves	committee	comprised	of	at	least	two	non-executive	directors.	The	committee	is	
chaired by Steven Theede and its other member is Ian Vann. The committee meets at least once a year prior to publication of the annual 
results.    

Remuneration and Compensation Committee
The Remuneration and Compensation Committee meets regularly to consider all material elements of remuneration policy, the 
remuneration	and	incentivisation	of	Executive	Directors	and	senior	management	and	to	make	recommendations	to	the	Board	on	the	
framework	for	executive	remuneration	and	its	cost.	The	role	of	the	Remuneration	and	Compensation	Committee	is	to	keep	under	review	the	
remuneration	policies	to	ensure	that	Serica	attracts,	retains	and	motivates	the	most	qualified	talent	who	will	contribute	to	the	long-term	
success of the Company. 

The committee met three times in 2012 and proposes to meet at least three times during the next financial year. In addition, written 
resolutions of the committee are passed from time to time particularly in relation to routine matters such as the allotment of shares 
pursuant to share option exercises as well as to record formally decisions of the committee reached outside the scheduled meetings.

The	committee	is	composed	of	the	Chairman	and	two	non-Executive	directors	all	of	whom	are	independent	(other	than	as	described	in	“The	
Board	and	its	Committees”	above).	The	Remuneration	and	Compensation	Committee	is	chaired	by	Steve	Theede	and	its	other	members	are	
Neil	Pike	and	Antony	Craven	Walker.	

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

29

 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT CONTINUED

health, Safety and Environmental Committee
The Health, Safety and Environmental Committee is responsible for matters affecting occupational health, safety and the environment, 
including the formulation of a health, safety and environmental policy. 

The committee met four times in 2012 and proposes to meet at least four times during the next financial year. The committee is chaired by 
Ian	Vann	and	its	other	members	are	Mitch	Flegg	and	Antony	Craven	Walker.		

Directors’ attendance at meetings   
The	Board	generally	has	one	scheduled	Board	meeting	per	month	over	the	course	of	the	financial	year.		Additional	meetings	are	held	
depending	upon	opportunities	or	issues	to	be	dealt	with	by	the	Company	from	time	to	time.		The	non-Executive	Directors	hold	informal	
meetings during the course of the year at which members of management are not in attendance.

The	directors’	attendance	at	scheduled	Board	meetings	and	Board	committees	during	2012	is	detailed	in	the	table	below:

Director 

Board  

A	Craven	Walker	
(Chairman)		
CJ	Hearne	(CFO)		
P	Sadler	(Business	 
Development	Director)				
M	Flegg	(COO)		(appointed	 
5	September	2012)	
J	Cartwright		(resigned	 
28	June	2012)	
N	Pike			
S	Theede	
I	Vann	
J	Harris	(appointed	 
20	December	2012)			
Total meetings  

16*	
15	

16	

5	

6	
15	
14	
13	

1	
16 

Audit  Remuneration  

hSE 

Reserves

  Compensation   

Corporate 
and   Governance
and
Nomination 

–	
–	

–	

–	

4	
7*	
7	
–	

–	
7 

1*	
–	

–	

–	

–	
3	
3*	
–	

–	
3 

3	
–	

–	

–	

2	
3*	
–	
–	

–	
3 

–	
–	

4*	

4	

–	
–	
–	
4*	

–	
4 

–
–

1

–

–
–
1*
1

–
1

Notes:	
1.	 The	Chairman	and	non-executive	directors	attended	a	number	of	meetings	of	committees	of	which	they	were	not	members	during	the	course	of	the	year	at	the	

invitation of the committee chairman.

2.	 Mr	Theede	was	appointed	as	chairman	of	the	Remuneration	and	Compensation	Committee	in	place	of	Mr	Craven	Walker	on	28	June	2012.
3.	 Mr	Vann	was	appointed	as	chairman	of	the	HSE	Committee	in	place	of	Mr	Sadler	on	28	June	2012.

*	Chairman						

Janette Davies
Company Secretary
29	May	2013

30

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ BIOGRAPHIES 

Antony Craven Walker Chairman and interim Chief Executive	Tony	Craven	Walker	started	his	career	with	BP	and	has	been	a	leading 	
figure	in	the	British	independent	oil	industry	since	the	early	1970s.	He	founded	two	British	independent	oil	companies,	Charterhouse 	
Petroleum,	where	he	held	the	post	of	Chief	Executive,	and	Monument	Oil	and	Gas,	where	he	held	the	post	of	Chief	Executive	and	 
later	became	Chairman.	He	was	also	a	founder	member	of	BRINDEX	(Association	of	British	Independent	Oil	Exploration	Companies).	
He	was	appointed	Chairman	of	Serica	in	2004	and	following	the	retirement	of	Paul	Ellis	in	 April	2011,	is	currently	acting	as	interim 	
Chief Executive. 

Christopher hearne Finance Director	Chris	Hearne	joined	Serica	from	Intrepid	Energy,	a	leading	independent	exploration	and 	
production	company	in	the	North	Sea,	where	he	was	responsible	for	corporate	finance	for	eight	years.	In	this	capacity,	he	contributed 	
to	the	growth	of	Intrepid	Energy	from	a	start-up	company	to	its	sale	for	over	US$1	billion.		Prior	to	joining	Serica	he	worked	as	an 	
investment	banker	with	Lehman	Brothers	and	Robert	Fleming.	He	was	appointed	to	the	Board	as	Finance	Director	of	Serica	in	2005.

Peter Sadler Business Development Director Peter	Sadler	has	a	career	spanning	over	34	years	in	the	international	exploration	and	
production	business	with	both	major	and	independent	oil	companies.	He	was	formerly	Chief	Executive	of	Indago	Petroleum	plc,	a 	
Middle	East	based	exploration	and	production	company	with	projects	that	included	the	development	of	an	offshore	gas	condensate 	
field.	He	was	Regional	Manager	Middle	East	for	Novus	Petroleum	in	Dubai	and	held	senior	positions	in	independent	oil	companies 	
in	Australia	and	the	UK.	He	was	first	appointed	to	the	Board	as	Chief	Operating	Officer	of	Serica	in	2008,	and	was	subsequently 	
appointed	as	Business	Development	Director	in	April	2011.

Mitchell Flegg Chief Operating Officer Mitch Flegg has over 31 years of industry experience starting with Schlumberger and then 
with	Enterprise	Oil,	(initially	as	a	Petrophysicist)	where	he	became	responsible	for	drilling	related	operations	for	wells	drilled	in	UK, 	
Australia,	Cambodia,	Vietnam,	Ireland,	Romania	and	Bulgaria.	After	the	takeover	by	Shell	he	worked	on	the	implementation	of	new 	
technology	in	well	engineering	before	moving	into	asset	management.	Mitch	joined	Serica	in	2006	and	has	been	responsible	for	all	
drilling	and	development	operations.	He	was	promoted	to	the	position	of	Chief	Operating	Officer	in	March	2011	and	appointed	to	the 	
Board	of	Serica	in	September	2012.

Neil Pike Non-Executive Director Neil	Pike	has	been	involved	in	the	global	petroleum	business	as	a	financier	since	joining	the 	
energy	department	at	Citibank	in	1975	until	joining	the	board	of	Serica.	Neil	remained	an	industry	specialist	with	Citibank	throughout 	
his	career	and	was	closely	involved	in	the	development	of	specialised	oil	field	finance.		Latterly	he	was	responsible	for	Citibank’s 	
relationships	with	the	oil	and	gas	industry	worldwide.	He	was	appointed	to	the	Board	of	Serica	in	2004.

Ian Vann Non-Executive Director	Ian	Vann	was	employed	by	BP	from	1976,	and	directed	and	led	BP’s	global	exploration	efforts	from 	
1996	until	his	retirement	in	January	2007.	He	was	appointed	to	the	executive	leadership	team	of	the	Exploration	&	Production	Division	
of	BP	in	2001,	initially	as	Group	Vice	President,	Technology	and	later	as	Group	Vice	President,	Exploration	and	Business	Development.	
He	was	appointed	to	the	Board	of	Serica	in	2007.

Steven Theede Non-Executive Director Steven	Theede	held	senior	management	positions	with	Conoco,	later	ConocoPhillips,	and	
in	2000	was	appointed	President,	Exploration	and	Production	for	Europe,	Russia	and	the	Caspian	region.	In	2003	he	joined	Yukos	Oil	
Company	and	became	its	Chief	Executive	Officer	in	July	2004,	a	position	he	held	until	August	2006.	He	was	appointed	to	the	Board	of	
Serica in 2007.

Jeffrey harris Non-Executive Director Jeffrey	Harris	founded	Global	Reserve	Group	LLC	in	2012	following	a	twenty-eight	year	
career	with	Warburg	Pincus,	during	which	period	he	invested	in	and	advised	companies	in	the	industrial,	consumer,	technology	and	
energy	sectors.	Jeffrey	has	served	on	the	board	of	directors	of	over	thirty	companies,	including	twelve	publicly-traded	entities.	He 	
is	past	chairman	of	the	National	Venture	Capital	Association	and	an	adjunct	professor	at	the	Columbia	University	Graduate	School	
of	Business	where	he	teaches	courses	on	venture	capital,	and	entrepreneurship	and	innovation.	He	was	appointed	to	the	Board	of	
Serica in December 2012.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

31

DIRECTORS’ RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENT IN RELATION TO THE GROUP AND 
COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The	Directors	are	responsible	for	preparing	the	Director’s	Report	and	financial	statements	in	accordance	with	applicable	United	
Kingdom	law	and	regulations	and	those	International	Financial	Reporting	Standards	as	adopted	by	the	European	Union.

Company	law	requires	the	directors	to	prepare	financial	statements	for	each	financial	year.	As	required	by	the	AIM	Rules	of	the	London	
Stock	Exchange	they	are	required	to	prepare	the	Group	financial	statements	in	accordance	with	International	Financial	Reporting	
Standards	as	adopted	by	the	European	Union.	Under	United	Kingdom	company	law	the	directors	have	elected	to	prepare	the	Parent	
Company	financial	statements	in	accordance	with	International	Financial	Reporting	Standards	as	adopted	by	the	European	Union.	
Under	company	law	the	directors	must	not	approve	the	financial	statements	unless	they	are	satisfied	that	they	give	a	true	and	fair	view	
of the state of affairs of the Group and the Company and the profit or loss of the company for that period.

In	preparing	those	Group	and	Company	financial	statements	the	Directors	are	required	to:

•	 present	fairly	the	financial	position,	financial	performance	and	cash	flows	of	the	Group;

•	 select	suitable	accounting	policies	and	then	apply	them	consistently;

•	 make	judgements	and	estimates	that	are	reasonable	and	prudent;

•	 state	that	the	Group	and	Company	has	complied	with	IFRSs,	subject	to	any	material	departures	disclosed	and	explained	in	the	

financial	statements;	

•	 present	information,	including	accounting	policies,	in	a	manner	that	provides	relevant,	reliable,	comparable	and	understandable	

information

•	 provide	additional	disclosures	when	compliance	with	the	specific	requirements	in	IFRSs	is	insufficient	to	enable	users	to	understand	

the impact of particular transactions, other events and conditions on the Group’s and Company’s financial position and financial 
performance;	and

•	 state	whether	the	Group	financial	statements	have	been	prepared	in	accordance	with	IFRSs	as	adopted	by	the	European	Union,	

subject	to	any	material	departures	disclosed	and	explained	in	the	financial	statements.

The	Directors	are	responsible	for	keeping	adequate	accounting	records	that	are	sufficient	to	show	and	explain	the	Group’s	transactions	
and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Group and Company and enable them to ensure that the 
Group	and	Company	financial	statements	comply	with	the	Companies	Act	2006.	They	are	also	responsible	for	safeguarding	the	assets	of	
the	Group	and	Company	and	hence	for	taking	reasonable	steps	for	the	prevention	and	detection	of	fraud	and	other	irregularities.

The	Directors	confirm	that	they	have	complied	with	these	requirements	and,	having	a	reasonable	expectation	that	the	Company	and	the	
Group	have	adequate	resources	to	continue	in	operational	existence	for	the	foreseeable	future,	will	continue	to	adopt	the	going	concern	
basis in preparing the accounts.

32

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF SERICA ENERGY PLC

We have audited the financial statements of Serica Energy plc for the year ended 31 December 2012 which comprise the Group Income 
Statement,	the	Group	Statement	of	Comprehensive	Income,	the	Group	and	Parent	Company	Balance	Sheets,	the	Group	and	Parent	
Company	Statements	of	Changes	in	Equity,	the	Group	and	Parent	Company	Statements	of	Cash	Flow	and	the	related	notes	1	to	31.	
The	financial	reporting	framework	that	has	been	applied	in	their	preparation	is	applicable	law	and	International	Financial	Reporting	
Standards	(IFRSs)	as	adopted	by	the	European	Union	and,	as	regards	the	parent	company	financial	statements,	as	applied	in	
accordance	with	the	provisions	of	the	Companies	Act	2006.

This	report	is	made	solely	to	the	company’s	members,	as	a	body,	in	accordance	with	Chapter	3	of	Part	16	of	the	Companies	Act	2006.		
Our	audit	work	has	been	undertaken	so	that	we	might	state	to	the	company’s	members	those	matters	we	are	required	to	state	to	them	in	
an auditor’s report and for no other purpose.  To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone 
other	than	the	company	and	the	company’s	members	as	a	body,	for	our	audit	work,	for	this	report,	or	for	the	opinions	we	have	formed.	

Respective responsibilities of directors and auditor

As explained more fully in the Directors’ Responsibilities Statement, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial 
statements	and	for	being	satisfied	that	they	give	a	true	and	fair	view.	Our	responsibility	is	to	audit	and	express	an	opinion	on	the	
financial	statements	in	accordance	with	applicable	law	and	International	Standards	on	Auditing	(UK	and	Ireland).	Those	standards	
require	us	to	comply	with	the	Auditing	Practices	Board’s	Ethical	Standards	for	Auditors.

Scope of the audit of the financial statements

An audit involves obtaining evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements sufficient to give reasonable 
assurance that the financial statements are free from material misstatement, whether caused by fraud or error. This includes an 
assessment	of:	whether	the	accounting	policies	are	appropriate	to	the	group’s	and	the	parent	company’s	circumstances	and	have	been	
consistently	applied	and	adequately	disclosed;	the	reasonableness	of	significant	accounting	estimates	made	by	the	directors;	and	the	
overall	presentation	of	the	financial	statements.	In	addition,	we	read	all	the	financial	and	non-financial	information	in	the	Annual	Report	
to identify material inconsistencies with the audited financial statements. If we become aware of any apparent material misstatements 
or inconsistencies we consider the implications for our report.

Opinion on financial statements

In	our	opinion:
•	 the	financial	statements	give	a	true	and	fair	view	of	the	state	of	the	group’s	and	of	the	parent	company’s	affairs	as	at	31	December	

2012	and	of	the	group’s	loss	for	the	year	then	ended;

•	 the	group	financial	statements	have	been	properly	prepared	in	accordance	with	IFRSs	as	adopted	by	the	European	Union;	and
•	 the	parent	company	financial	statements	have	been	properly	prepared	in	accordance	with	IFRSs	as	adopted	by	the	European	Union	

and	as	applied	in	accordance	with	the	provisions	of	the	Companies	Act	2006;	and	

•	 the	financial	statements	have	been	prepared	in	accordance	with	the	requirements	of	the	Companies	Act	2006.

Emphasis of matter – Going concern

In	forming	our	opinion	on	the	financial	statements,	which	is	not	modified,	we	have	considered	the	adequacy	of	the	disclosure	made	in	
note 2 to the financial statements concerning the company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The conditions explained on note 2 to 
the financial statements, indicate the existence of a material uncertainty which may cast significant doubt about the company’s ability 
to	continue	as	a	going	concern.	The	financial	statements	do	not	include	the	adjustments	that	would	result	if	the	company	was	unable	to	
continue as a going concern.

Separate opinion in relation to IFRSs as issued by the IASB

As	explained	in	Note	1	to	the	financial	statements,	the	group	in	addition	to	complying	with	its	legal	obligation	to	apply	IFRSs	as	adopted	
by	the	European	Union,	has	also	applied	IFRSs	as	issued	by	the	International	Accounting	Standards	Board	(IASB).

In	our	opinion	the	financial	statements	comply	with	IFRSs	as	issued	by	the	IASB.

Opinion on other matter prescribed by the Companies Act 2006

In our opinion the information given in the Directors’ Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is 
consistent with the financial statements.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

33

 
Matters on which we are required to report by exception

We	have	nothing	to	report	in	respect	of	the	following	matters	where	the	Companies	Act	2006	requires	us	to	report	to	you	if,	in	our	opinion:
•	 	adequate	accounting	records	have	not	been	kept	by	the	parent	company,	or	returns	adequate	for	our	audit	have	not	been	received	from	

branches	not	visited	by	us;	or

•	 	the	parent	company	financial	statements	are	not	in	agreement	with	the	accounting	records	and	returns;	or
•	 certain	disclosures	of	directors’	remuneration	specified	by	law	are	not	made;	or
•	 we	have	not	received	all	the	information	and	explanations	we	require	for	our	audit.

Justine	Belton,	(Senior	statutory	auditor)
for	and	on	behalf	of	Ernst	&	Young	LLP,	Statutory	Auditor
London

29	May	2013

34

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

GROUP INCOME STATEMENT FOR	THE	YEAR	ENDED	31	DECEMBER	

Continuing operations 
SALES REVENUE 

Cost	of	sales		

GROSS PROFIT 

Impairment	of	fixed	assets	
Pre-licence	costs	
E&E	and	other	asset	write-offs	
Administrative	expenses	
Foreign	exchange	gain/(loss)		
Share-based	payments	
Depreciation	

2012 
US$000 

2011
US$000

15,404 

27,111

(19,330)	

(25,648)

(3,926) 

1,463

(4,361)	
(331)	
(10,462)	
(5,299)	
180	
(570)	
(341)	

(2,314)
(1,507)
(355)
(6,011)
(46)
(844)
(348)

OPERATING LOSS BEFORE NET FINANCE REVENUE AND TAx 

(25,110) 

(9,962)

Notes

4

5

16

27
8

15
11
12

Gain	on	disposal	
Finance revenue 
Finance	costs	

LOSS BEFORE TAxATION 

13	a)

Taxation	charge	for	the	year	

Loss for the year from continuing operations 

Discontinued operations 
Loss	for	the	year	from	discontinued	operations	

7

LOSS FOR ThE yEAR 

Loss per ordinary share - EPS 
Basic	and	diluted	EPS	on	continuing	operations	(US$)	
Basic	and	diluted	EPS	on	loss	for	the	year	(US$)	

14
14

Group Statement of Comprehensive Income 

There are no other comprehensive income items other than those passing through the income statement.

1,023	
12 
(633)	

–
15
(1,394)

(24,708) 

(11,341)

–	

(3,149)

(24,708) 

(14,490)

–	

(5,880)

(24,708) 

(20,370)

(0.14)	
(0.14)	

(0.08)
(0.12)

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
Group 
2012 
US$000 

2011 
US$000 

Company 
2012 
US$000 

66,880	
1,145	
–	
–	
1,706	
69,731 

481 
8,941	
412 
22,345	
32,179 

69,083	
18,719	
–	
394	
3,613	
91,809 

1,572	
9,338	
647 
19,946 
31,503 

–	
–	
13,830	
–	
–	
13,830 

–	
111,768	
412 
21,424 
133,604 

2011
US$000

–
–
11,830
394
–
12,224

–
115,312
647
19,142
135,101

101,910 

123,312 

147,434 

147,325

(11,677)	
–	
(1,601)	

(10,267)	
(302)	
–	

(1,080)	
–	
–	

(633)
–
–

–	

(2,029)	

–	

–

(13,278) 

(12,598) 

(1,080) 

(633)

88,632 

110,714 

146,354 

146,692

209,758	
–	
20,045	
(141,171)	

207,702	
–	
19,475 
(116,463)	

174,486	
4,322	
20,045 
(52,499)	

172,430
4,322
19,475
(49,535)

88,632 

110,714 

146,354 

146,692

BALANCE SHEET AS	AT	31	DECEMBER

Notes

15
16
17
18
18

19
20
20
21

22

23

23

25
17

Non-current assets 
Exploration	&	evaluation	assets	
Property,	plant	and	equipment	
Investments	in	subsidiaries	
Financial	assets	
Other	receivables	

Current assets 
Inventories 
Trade	and	other	receivables	
Financial assets 
Cash	and	cash	equivalents	

TOTAL ASSETS 

Current liabilities 
Trade	and	other	payables	
Income	taxation	payable	
Provisions	

Non-current liabilities 
Provisions	

TOTAL LIABILITIES 

NET ASSETS 

Share	capital	
Merger	reserve	
Other	reserve	
Accumulated	deficit	

TOTAL EQUITy 

Approved by the Board on 29 May 2013

Antony Craven Walker 
Chief Executive Officer 

Christopher hearne
Finance Director

36

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EqUITY FOR	THE	YEAR	ENDED	31	DECEMBER

Group 

Share 
capital 
US$000 

Other 
reserve 
US$000 

Accum’d 
deficit 
US$000 

Total
US$000

At	1	January	2011	

207,657	

18,428	

(96,093)	

129,992

Loss	for	the	year	
Total	comprehensive	income	
Share-based	payments	
Proceeds	on	exercise	of	options	

-	
-	
-	
45	

-	
-	
1,047	
-	

(20,370)	
(20,370)		
-	
-	

(20,370)
(20,370)
1,047
45

AT 31 DECEMBER 2011 

207,702 

19,475 

(116,463) 

110,714

Loss	for	the	year	
Total	comprehensive	income	
Share-based	payments	
Proceeds	on	exercise	of	options	
Issue	of	shares	

-	
-	
-	
56	
2,000	

-	
-	
570	
-	
-	

(24,708)	
(24,708)	
-	
-	
-	

(24,708)
(24,708)
570
56
2,000

AT 31 DECEMBER 2012 

209,758 

20,045 

(141,171) 

88,632

Company 

Share  
capital 
US$000 

Merger 
reserve 
US$000 

Other 
reserve 
US$000 

Accum’d
deficit 
US$000 

Total
US$000

At	1	January	2011	

172,385	

4,322	

18,428	

(44,486)	

150,649

Loss	for	the	year	
Total	comprehensive	income	
Proceeds	on	exercise	of	options	
Share-based	payments	

-	
-	
45	
-	

-	
-	
-	
-	

-	
-	
-	
1,047	

(5,049)	
(5,049)	
-	
-	

(5,049)
(5,049)
45
1,047

AT 31 DECEMBER 2011 

172,430 

4,322 

19,475 

(49,535) 

146,692

Loss	for	the	year	
Total	comprehensive	income	
Proceeds	on	exercise	of	options	
Share-based	payments	
Issue	of	shares	

-	
-	
56	
-	
2,000	

-	
-	
-	
-	
-	

-	
-	
-	
570	
-	

(2,964)	
(2,964)	
-	
-	
-	

(2,964)
(2,964)
56
570
2,000

AT 31 DECEMBER 2012 

174,486 

4,322 

20,045 

(52,499) 

146,354

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CASH FLOW STATEMENT FOR	THE	YEAR	ENDED	31	DECEMBER

Operating activities: 
Loss	for	the	year	
Adjustments	to	reconcile	loss	for	the	year	
to	net	cash	flow	from	operating	activities:	
Taxation	
Net	finance	costs	
Loss	on	re-measurement	to	fair	value	
Profit	on	disposal	
Depreciation 
Depletion	and	amortisation	
Asset	write-offs	
Impairment	
Share-based	payments	
Decrease	in	trade	and	other	receivables	
Decrease in inventories 
(Decrease)/increase	in	trade	and	other	payables	

Cash	generated	from	operations	

Taxation	paid	

NET CASh IN/(OUT)FLOW FROM OPERATIONS 

Investing activities: 
Interest received 
Purchase	of	property,	plant	and	equipment	
Purchase	of	E&E	assets	
Cash inflow from disposals 
Funding	provided	to	Group	subsidiaries	
Funds	from	Group	subsidiaries	
NET CASh FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES 

Financing activities: 
Finance	costs	paid	
Proceeds	on	exercise	of	options	
Repayments	of	loans	and	borrowings	
NET CASh FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CASh AND CASh EQUIVALENTS 
Effect	of	exchange	rates	on	cash	and	cash	equivalents	
Cash	and	cash	equivalents	at	1	January	

Group 
2012 
US$000 

2011 
US$000 

Company
2012 
US$000 

2011
US$000

(24,708)	

(20,370)	

(2,964)	

(5,049)

–	
621	
–	
(1,023)	
341 
13,116	
10,462	
4,361	
570	
4,149	
17 
(3,600)	

4,306	

(302)	

4,004 

12 
(690)	
(5,816)	
5,250 
–	
–	
(1,244) 

(615)	
56	
–	
(559) 

2,201 
198	
19,946	

3,149	
1,379	
3,720	
(110)	
348	
17,716	
355	
2,314	
1,047 
5,022	
745	
(2,171) 

–	
605	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
570 
263	
–	
137 

–
1,339
–
–
–
–
–
–
1,047
386
–
(306) 

13,144	

(1,389)	

(2,583)

(5,653)	

–	

–

7,491 

(1,389) 

(2,583)

15 
(1,268)	
(7,400)	
3,672	
–	
–	
(4,981) 

(805)	
45	
(11,800)	
(12,560) 

(10,050) 
(6) 
30,002	

8 
–	
–	
–	
–	
4,036	
4,044 

(613)	
56	
–	
(557) 

2,098 
184 
19,142	

15
–
–
–
–
7,578
7,593

(805)
45
(11,800)
(12,560)

(7,550)
(4)
26,696

CASh AND CASh EQUIVALENTS AT 31 DECEMBER 

22,345 

19,946 

21,424 

19,142

38

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Authorisation of the Financial Statements and Statement of Compliance with IFRS

The	Group’s	and	Company’s	financial	statements	for	the	year	ended	31	December	2012	were	authorised	for	issue	by	the	Board	of	
Directors	on	29	May	2013	and	the	balance	sheets	were	signed	on	the	Board’s	behalf	by	Antony	Craven	Walker	and	Chris	Hearne.	Serica	
Energy	plc	is	a	public	limited	company	incorporated	and	domiciled	in	England	&	Wales.	The	principal	activity	of	the	Company	and	the	
Group	is	to	identify,	acquire	and	subsequently	exploit	oil	and	gas	reserves.	Its	current	activities	are	located	in	the	United	Kingdom,	
Ireland,	Namibia,	Morocco	and	a	retained	interest	in	the	Kambuna	Field	in	Indonesia.	The	Company’s	ordinary	shares	are	traded	on	AIM	
and the TSX.

The	Group’s	financial	statements	have	been	prepared	in	accordance	with	International	Financial	Reporting	Standards	(“IFRS”)	as	
adopted	by	the	EU	as	they	apply	to	the	financial	statements	of	the	Group	for	the	year	ended	31	December	2012.	The	Company’s	financial	
statements	have	been	prepared	in	accordance	with	IFRS	as	adopted	by	the	EU	as	they	apply	to	the	financial	statements	of	the	Company	
for	the	year	ended	31	December	2012	and	as	applied	in	accordance	with	the	provisions	of	the	Companies	Act	2006.	The	Group’s	financial	
statements	are	also	prepared	in	accordance	with	IFRS	as	issued	by	the	IASB.	The	principal	accounting	policies	adopted	by	the	Group	
and by the Company are set out in note 2.

The	Company	has	taken	advantage	of	the	exemption	provided	under	section	408	of	the	Companies	Act	2006	not	to	publish	its	individual	
income	statement	and	related	notes.	The	deficit	dealt	with	in	the	financial	statements	of	the	parent	Company	was	US$2,964,000	(2011:	
US$5,049,000).

On	1	September	2005,	the	Company	completed	a	reorganisation	(the	“Reorganisation”).		whereby	the	common	shares	of	Serica	Energy	
Corporation	were	automatically	exchanged	on	a	one-for-one	basis	for	ordinary	shares	of	Serica	Energy	plc,	a	newly	formed	company	
incorporated	under	the	laws	of	the	United	Kingdom.	In	addition,	each	shareholder	of	the	Corporation	received	beneficial	ownership	of	
part	of	the	‘A’	share	of	Serica	Energy	plc	issued	to	meet	the	requirements	of	public	companies	under	the	United	Kingdom	jurisdiction.	
Under	IFRS	this	reorganisation	was	considered	to	be	a	reverse	takeover	by	Serica	Energy	Corporation	and	as	such	the	financial	
statements of the Group represent a continuation of Serica Energy Corporation.

2. Accounting Policies

Basis of Preparation

The accounting policies which follow set out those policies which apply in preparing the financial statements for the year ended 31 
December 2012. 

The	Group	and	Company	financial	statements	are	presented	in	US	dollars	and	all	values	are	rounded	to	the	nearest	thousand	dollars	
(US$000)	except	when	otherwise	indicated.

Going Concern

The	Directors	are	required	to	consider	the	availability	of	resources	to	meet	the	Group	and	Company’s	liabilities	for	the	forseeable	future.	

The current business environment is challenging and access to new funding remains uncertain. The financial position of the Group, its 
cash	flows	and	available	resources	are	described	in	the	Financial	Review	above	and	as	at	31	December	2012	the	Group	had	US$22.3	
million	of	net	cash.	However,	significant	liabilities	of	US$6.9	million	arising	from	the	2012	East	Spaniards	well	in	the	UK	North	Sea	
have	been	settled	since	the	year	end,	and	as	at	24	May	2013,	cash	and	restricted	cash	balances	held	totaled	US$16.0	million.	Plans	are	
advanced to finance the Company’s share of Columbus development costs when the final decision to proceed is made.

In	making	their	going	concern	assessment,	the	Directors	have	determined	that	the	Company	has	sufficient	funds	to	meet	its	exploration	
and other commitments for 2013 but will need to secure additional funding for the Company’s exploration programme from 1H2014.

The management is considering a range of strategic and financing options to achieve this. The Directors believe in the underlying 
strength and value in the Company’s portfolio of assets which has been demonstrated by expressions of interest received from third 
parties	and	are	of	the	opinion	that	the	Group	will	be	able	to	access	funds	to	meet	its	ongoing	working	capital	and	committed	capital	
expenditure	requirements	over	the	next	12	months.	The	strategic	and	capital	raising	alternatives	open	to	the	Company	include	the	
realisation	of	asset	value	through	farm-out	or	sale,	forward	sale	of	production,	corporate	transactions	as	well	as	the	issue	of	equity	or	
other	financial	instruments.		The	Company	has	no	debt	or	major	commitments	or	other	liabilities	which	are	not	covered	by	existing	farm-
out agreements with strongly financed companies.  Accordingly, the financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

39

Whilst the directors are confident that the corporate funding needs of the Group can be met, they recognise that there are inherent 
risks	associated	with	achieving	this,	some	of	which,	such	as	market	risk	or	the	actions	of	third	parties,	are	not	within	the	Company’s	
control.  The need to successfully conclude a financing option to provide additional funds beyond the end of 2013 indicates the existence 
of a material uncertainty which may cast significant doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial 
statements	do	not	include	the	adjustments	that	would	result	if	the	Group	were	unable	to	continue	as	a	going	concern.

Use of judgement and estimates and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The	preparation	of	financial	statements	in	conformity	with	IFRS	requires	management	to	make	estimates	and	assumptions	that	affect	
the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as well as the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date and 
the	reported	amounts	of	revenues	and	expenses	during	the	reporting	period.	Estimates	and	judgments	are	continuously	evaluated	and	
are based on management’s experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable 
under the circumstances. Actual outcomes could differ from these estimates.

The	key	sources	of	estimation	uncertainty	that	have	a	significant	risk	of	causing	material	adjustment	to	the	amounts	recognised	in	
the	financial	statements	are:	the	assessment	of	commercial	reserves,	the	impairment	of	the	Group	and	Company’s	assets	(including	
oil	&	gas	development	assets	and	Exploration	and	Evaluation	“E&E”	assets),	decommissioning	provisions	and	share-based	payment	
costs.	A	key	judgment	in	the	preparation	of	the	2011	financial	statements	was	the	assessment	of	the	disclosure	of	the	Group’s	disposed	
Indonesian operations.

Assessment of commercial reserves
Management	is	required	to	assess	the	level	of	the	Group’s	commercial	reserves	together	with	the	future	expenditures	to	access	those	
reserves, which are utilised in determining the amortisation and depletion charge for the period and assessing whether any impairment 
charge	is	required.	The	Group	employs	independent	reserves	specialists	who	periodically	assess	the	Group’s	level	of	commercial	
reserves by reference to data sets including geological, geophysical and engineering data together with reports, presentation and 
financial	information	pertaining	to	the	contractual	and	fiscal	terms	applicable	to	the	Group’s	assets.	In	addition	the	Group	undertakes	
its own assessment of commercial reserves and related future capital expenditure by reference to the same datasets using its own 
internal expertise.

Impairment
The Group monitors internal and external indicators of impairment relating to its intangible and tangible assets, which may indicate 
that	the	carrying	value	of	the	assets	may	not	be	recoverable.	The	assessment	of	the	existence	of	indicators	of	impairment	in	E&E	assets	
involves	judgement,	which	includes	whether	management	expects	to	fund	significant	further	expenditure	in	respect	of	a	licence	and	
whether	the	recoverable	amount	may	not	cover	the	carrying	value	of	the	assets.	For	development	and	production	assets	judgement	is	
involved when determining whether there have been any significant changes in the Group’s oil and gas reserves.

The	Group	determines	whether	E&E	assets	are	impaired	at	an	asset	level	and	in	regional	cash	generating	units	(‘CGUs’)	when	facts	and	
circumstances	suggest	that	the	carrying	amount	of	a	regional	CGU	may	exceed	its	recoverable	amount.	As	recoverable	amounts	are	
determined	based	upon	risked	potential,	or	where	relevant,	discovered	oil	and	gas	reserves,	this	involves	estimations	and	the	selection	
of	a	suitable	pre-tax	discount	rate	relevant	to	the	asset	in	question.	The	calculation	of	the	recoverable	amount	of	oil	and	gas	development	
properties	involves	estimating	the	net	present	value	of	cash	flows	expected	to	be	generated	from	the	asset	in	question.	Future	cash	
flows	are	based	on	assumptions	on	matters	such	as	estimated	oil	and	gas	reserve	quantities	and	commodity	prices.	The	discount	rate	
applied	is	a	pre-tax	rate	which	reflects	the	specific	risks	of	the	country	in	which	the	asset	is	located.

Management	is	required	to	assess	the	carrying	value	of	investments	in	subsidiaries	in	the	parent	company	balance	sheet	for	impairment	
by	reference	to	the	recoverable	amount.	This	requires	an	estimate	of	amounts	recoverable	from	oil	and	gas	assets	within	the	underlying	
subsidiaries	(see	note	17).

Decommissioning provisions
Based	on	the	current	plans	for	Kambuna	it	is	expected	that	the	field	will	be	decommissioned	in	late	2013.	The	estimate	of	the	costs	to	
decommission	is	based	on	the	proposed	work	plan.	Actual	costs	may	vary	if	a	different	approach	to	decommissioning	is	required	or	if	
the	work	proposed	takes	more	or	less	time	than	expected.

Share-based payment costs 
The	estimation	of	share-based	payment	costs	requires	the	selection	of	an	appropriate	valuation	model,	consideration	as	to	the	inputs	
necessary for the valuation model chosen and the estimation of the number of awards that will ultimately vest, inputs for which arise 
from	judgments	relating	to	the	continuing	participation	of	employees	(see	note	27).

40

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

Disclosure of discontinued operations 
At	30	June	2011,	as	a	result	of	the	Board’s	strategic	decision	to	exit	Indonesia,	the	Group’s	interests	in	the	region	were	classified	as	
a disposal group held for sale and therefore included as discontinued operations. The proposed disposal was noted as a core shift in 
strategy	for	the	Serica	Group,	effected	to	re-allocate	resources	into	new	areas	of	Group	focus.	In	October	2011	the	Company	disposed	
of	its	operated	exploration	portfolio	in	Indonesia	to	KrisEnergy	Limited	and	closed	its	local	office.	The	non-operated	interest	in	the	
Kambuna	TAC	has	not	yet	been	disposed	of.	The	Company	considers	its	intention	to	exit	operations	in	Indonesia	to	represent	a	single	
coordinated plan to dispose of a geographic area of business. Accordingly as at 31 December 2011 it was considered appropriate to 
classify	the	results	of	the	disposed	sector	as	discontinued	(see	note	7)	since	it	was	part	of	the	single	plan.	The	Company’s	interest	in	the	
Kambuna	TAC	was	still	considered	as	available	for	sale	however	it	did	not	meet	the	definition	of	an	asset	held	for	sale,	or	a	discontinued	
operation in accordance with IFRS 5 at the reporting date. 

Basis of Consolidation

The	consolidated	financial	statements	include	the	accounts	of	Serica	Energy	plc	(the	“Company”)	and	its	wholly	owned	subsidiaries	
Serica	Energy	Corporation,	Serica	Energy	Holdings	B.V.,	Asia	Petroleum	Development	Limited,	Petroleum	Development	Associates	
(Asia)	Limited,	Serica	Energia	Iberica	S.L.,	Serica	Holdings	UK	Limited,	Serica	Energy	(UK)	Limited,	Petroleum	Development	Associates	
Lematang	Limited,	Asia	Petroleum	Development	(Asahan)	Limited,	Asia	Petroleum	Development	(Biliton)	Limited,	Serica	Glagah	
Kambuna	B.V.,	Serica	Sidi	Moussa	B.V.,Serica	Foum	Draa	B.V.,	Serica	Energy	Slyne	B.V.,	Serica	Energy	Rockall	B.V.	and	Serica	Namibia	
B.V..	Together	these	comprise	the	“Group”.

All	inter-company	balances	and	transactions	have	been	eliminated	upon	consolidation.

Foreign Currency Translation

The	functional	and	presentational	currency	of	Serica	Energy	plc	and	all	its	subsidiaries	is	US	dollars.

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded at the functional currency rate ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary 
assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the foreign currency rate of exchange ruling at the balance 
sheet	date	and	differences	are	taken	to	the	income	statement.	Non-monetary	items	that	are	measured	in	terms	of	historical	cost	in	a	
foreign	currency	are	translated	using	the	exchange	rate	as	at	the	date	of	initial	transaction.	Non-monetary	items	measured	at	fair	value	
in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at the date when the fair value was determined. Exchange gains and losses 
arising from translation are charged to the income statement as an operating item.

Business Combinations and Goodwill

Business combinations from 1 January 2010
Business	combinations	are	accounted	for	using	the	acquisition	method.	The	cost	of	an	acquisition	is	measured	as	the	aggregate	of	
consideration	transferred,	measured	at	acquisition	date	fair	value	and	the	amount	of	any	non-controlling	interest	in	the	acquiree.	
Acquisition	costs	incurred	are	expensed	and	included	in	administrative	expenses.

Goodwill	on	acquisition	is	initially	measured	at	cost	being	the	excess	of	purchase	price	over	the	fair	market	value	of	identifiable	assets,	
liabilities	and	contingent	liabilities	acquired.	Following	initial	acquisition	it	is	measured	at	cost	less	any	accumulated	impairment	
losses.	Goodwill	is	not	amortised	but	is	subject	to	an	impairment	test	at	least	annually	and	more	frequently	if	events	or	changes	in	
circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired.

At	the	acquisition	date,	any	goodwill	acquired	is	allocated	to	each	of	the	cash-generating	units,	or	groups	of	cash	generating	units	
expected	to	benefit	from	the	combination’s	synergies.	Impairment	is	determined	by	assessing	the	recoverable	amount	of	the	cash-
generating	unit,	or	groups	of	cash	generating	units	to	which	the	goodwill	relates.	Where	the	recoverable	amount	of	the	cash-generating	
unit is less than the carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognised.

Joint Venture Activities

The	Group	conducts	petroleum	and	natural	gas	exploration	and	production	activities	jointly	with	other	venturers	who	each	have	direct	
ownership	in	and	jointly	control	the	assets	of	the	ventures.	These	are	classified	as	jointly	controlled	assets	and	the	financial	statements	
reflect the Group’s share of assets and liabilities in such activities. Income from the sale or use of the Group’s share of the output 
of	jointly	controlled	assets,	and	its	share	of	joint	venture	expenses,	are	recognised		when	it	is	probable	that	the	economic	benefits	
associated	with	the	transaction	will	flow	to/from	the	Group	and	their	amount	can	be	measured	reliably.	

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

41

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

Full	details	of	Serica’s	working	interests	in	those	petroleum	and	natural	gas	exploration	and	production	activities	classified	as	jointly	
controlled	assets	are	included	in	the	Review	of	Operations.	

Exploration and Evaluation Assets

As	allowed	under	IFRS	6	and	in	accordance	with	clarification	issued	by	the	International	Financial	Reporting	Interpretations	
Committee,	the	Group	has	continued	to	apply	its	existing	accounting	policy	to	exploration	and	evaluation	activity,	subject	to	the	specific	
requirements	of	IFRS	6.	The	Group	will	continue	to	monitor	the	application	of	these	policies	in	light	of	expected	future	guidance	on	
accounting for oil and gas activities.

Pre-licence Award Costs
Costs incurred prior to the award of oil and gas licences, concessions and other exploration rights are expensed in the income 
statement.

Exploration and Evaluation (E&E)
The	costs	of	exploring	for	and	evaluating	oil	and	gas	properties,	including	the	costs	of	acquiring	rights	to	explore,	geological	and	
geophysical	studies,	exploratory	drilling	and	directly	related	overheads,	are	capitalised	and	classified	as	intangible	E&E	assets.	These	
costs	are	directly	attributed	to	regional	CGUs	for	the	purposes	of	impairment	testing;	UK	&	Ireland	and	Africa.	

E&E	assets	are	not	amortised	prior	to	the	conclusion	of	appraisal	activities	but	are	assessed	for	impairment	at	an	asset	level	and	in	
regional	CGUs	when	facts	and	circumstances	suggest	that	the	carrying	amount	of	a	regional	cost	centre	may	exceed	its	recoverable	
amount.		Recoverable	amounts	are	determined	based	upon	risked	potential,	and	where	relevant,	discovered	oil	and	gas	reserves.	When	
an	impairment	test	indicates	an	excess	of	carrying	value	compared	to	the	recoverable	amount,	the	carrying	value	of	the	regional	CGU	is	
written	down	to	the	recoverable	amount	in	accordance	with	IAS	36.	Such	excess	is	expensed	in	the	income	statement.

Costs	of	licences	and	associated	E&E	expenditure	are	expensed	in	the	income	statement	if	licences	are	relinquished,	or	if	management	
do not expect to fund significant future expenditure in relation to the licence.

The	E&E	phase	is	completed	when	either	the	technical	feasibility	and	commercial	viability	of	extracting	a	mineral	resource	are	
demonstrable or no further prospectivity is recognised. At that point, if commercial reserves have been discovered, the carrying value of 
the	relevant	assets,	net	of	any	impairment	write-down,	is	classified	as	an	oil	and	gas	property	within	property,	plant	and	equipment,	and	
tested for impairment. If commercial reserves have not been discovered then the costs of such assets will be written off.

Asset Purchases and Disposals
When	a	commercial	transaction	involves	the	exchange	of	E&E	assets	of	similar	size	and	characteristics,	no	fair	value	calculation	is	
performed.	The	capitalised	costs	of	the	asset	being	sold	are	transferred	to	the	asset	being	acquired.	Proceeds	from	a	part	disposal	of	
an	E&E	asset,	including	back-cost	contributions	are	credited	against	the	capitalised	cost	of	the	asset,	with	any	excess	being	taken	to	the	
income statement as a gain on disposal.

Farm-ins
In accordance with industry practice, the Group does not record its share of costs that are ‘carried’ by third parties in relation to its 
farm-in	agreements	in	the	E&E	phase.	Similarly,	while	the	Group	has	agreed	to	carry	the	costs	of	another	party	to	a	Joint	Operating	
Agreement	(“JOA”)	in	order	to	earn	additional	equity,	it	records	its	paying	interest	that	incorporates	the	additional	contribution	over	its	
equity	share.	

Property, Plant and Equipment – Oil and gas properties

Capitalisation
Oil	and	gas	properties	are	stated	at	cost,	less	any	accumulated	depreciation	and	accumulated	impairment	losses.	Oil	and	gas	properties	
are accumulated into single field cost centres and represent the cost of developing the commercial reserves and bringing them into 
production	together	with	the	E&E	expenditures	incurred	in	finding	commercial	reserves	previously	transferred	from	E&E	assets	as	
outlined	in	the	policy	above.	The	cost	will	include,	for	qualifying	assets,	borrowing	costs.	

Depletion
Oil	and	gas	properties	are	not	depleted	until	production	commences.	Costs	relating	to	each	single	field	cost	centre	are	depleted	on	a	
unit	of	production	method	based	on	the	commercial	proved	and	probable	reserves	for	that	cost	centre.	The	depletion	calculation	takes	

42

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

account	of	the	estimated	future	costs	of	development	of	recognised	proved	and	probable	reserves.	Changes	in	reserve	quantities	and	
cost estimates are recognised prospectively from the last reporting date.

The	Kambuna	field	was	depleted	using	proved	and	probable	entitlement	reserves	until	30	June	2011.

In 2011 the Company assessed the expected useful life of the future economic benefits embodied in the asset and considered that 
given the relatively short remaining field life, the production profiles associated with proved reserves better reflected the expected 
pattern of consumption. Accordingly the Company concluded that it was appropriate to use proved reserves as a basis for the specific 
depletion	calculation	for	the	Kambuna	field	asset	with	effect	from	1	July	2011.	The	impact	of	this	change	in	accounting	estimate	in	the	
2011	financial	statements	is	an	increased	depletion	charge	in	the	second	half	2011	period	of	US$2,320,000.	The	impact	of	the	change	in	
estimate on future periods is not considered practical to disclose.

Following	the	advancement	of	field	shut-in	plans	and	handover	arrangements	with	Pertamina,	the	Company	has	concluded	that,	with	
effect	from	1	October	2012,	it	is	appropriate	to	use	its	best	estimates	of	remaining	production	quantities	as	a	basis	to	calculate	the	
reserves	for	specific	depletion	and	impairment	calculations	for	the	Kambuna	field.

Impairment
A review is performed for any indication that the value of the Group’s development and production assets may be impaired.

For oil and gas properties when there are such indications, an impairment test is carried out on the cash generating unit. Each cash 
generating	unit	is	identified	in	accordance	with	IAS	36.	Serica’s	cash	generating	units	are	those	assets	which	generate	largely	
independent cash flows and are normally, but not always, single development or production areas. If necessary, impairment is charged 
through the income statement if the capitalised costs of the cash generating unit exceed the recoverable amount of the related 
commercial oil and gas reserves.

Asset Disposals
Proceeds	from	the	entire	disposal	of	a	development	and	production	asset,	or	any	part	thereof,	are	taken	to	the	income	statement	
together	with	the	requisite	proportional	net	book	value	of	the	asset,	or	part	thereof,	being	sold.

Decommissioning
Liabilities for decommissioning costs are recognised when the Group has an obligation to dismantle and remove a production, 
transportation or processing facility and to restore the site on which it is located. Liabilities may arise upon construction of such 
facilities,	upon	acquisition	or	through	a	subsequent	change	in	legislation	or	regulations.	The	amount	recognised	is	the	estimated	
present	value	of	future	expenditure	determined	in	accordance	with	local	conditions	and	requirements.	A	corresponding	tangible	item	of	
property,	plant	and	equipment	equivalent	to	the	provision	is	also	created.	

Any changes in the present value of the estimated expenditure is added to or deducted from the cost of the assets to which it relates. 
The	adjusted	depreciable	amount	of	the	asset	is	then	depreciated	prospectively	over	its	remaining	useful	life.	The	unwinding	of	the	
discount on the decommissioning provision is included as a finance cost.

Property, Plant and Equipment - Other

Computer	equipment	and	fixtures,	fittings	and	equipment	are	recorded	at	cost	as	tangible	assets.	The	straight-line	method	of	
depreciation	is	used	to	depreciate	the	cost	of	these	assets	over	their	estimated	useful	lives.	Computer	equipment	is	depreciated	over	
three	years	and	fixtures,	fittings	and	equipment	over	four	years.

Inventories

Inventories	are	valued	at	the	lower	of	cost	and	net	realisable	value.	Cost	is	determined	by	the	first-in	first-out	method	and	comprises	
direct purchase costs and transportation expenses. 

Investments

In its separate financial statements the Company recognises its investments in subsidiaries at cost less any provision for impairment.

Financial Instruments

Financial	instruments	comprise	financial	assets,	cash	and	cash	equivalents,	financial	liabilities	and	equity	instruments.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

43

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

Financial assets
Financial	assets	within	the	scope	of	IAS	39	are	classified	as	either	financial	assets	at	fair	value	through	profit	or	loss,	or	loans	and	
receivables, as appropriate. When financial assets are recognised initially, they are measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are 
directly	attributable	to	the	acquisition	or	issue	of	the	financial	asset	are	capitalised	unless	they	relate	to	a	financial	asset	classified	
at fair value through profit and loss in which case transaction costs are expensed in the income statement. 

The	Group	determines	the	classification	of	its	financial	assets	at	initial	recognition	and,	where	allowed	and	appropriate,	re-evaluates 	
this designation at each financial year end.

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss include financial assets held for trading and derivatives. Financial assets are 
classified	as	held	for	trading	if	they	are	acquired	for	the	purpose	of	selling	in	the	near	term.

Loans	and	receivables	are	non-derivative	financial	assets	with	fixed	or	determinable	payments	that	are	not	quoted	in	an	active 	
market.	After	initial	measurement	loans	and	receivables	are	subsequently	carried	at	amortised	cost,	using	the	effective	interest	
rate	method,	less	any	allowance	for	impairment.	Amortised	cost	is	calculated	by	taking	into	account	any	discount	or	premium	on	
acquisition	over	the	period	to	maturity.	Gains	and	losses	are	recognised	in	the	income	statement	when	the	loans	and	receivables	are 	
de-recognised	or	impaired,	as	well	as	through	the	amortisation	process.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash	and	cash	equivalents	include	balances	with	banks	and	short-term	investments	with	original	maturities	of	three	months	or	less 	
at	the	date	acquired.

Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities include interest bearing loans and borrowings, and trade and other payables.

Obligations	for	loans	and	borrowings	are	recognised	when	the	Group	becomes	party	to	the	related	contracts	and	are	measured 	
initially at the fair value of consideration received less directly attributable transaction costs.

After	initial	recognition,	interest-bearing	loans	and	borrowings	are	subsequently	measured	at	amortised	cost	using	the	effective 	
interest method.

Gains and losses are recognised in the income statement when the liabilities are derecognised as well as through the amortisation 
process.

Equity
Equity	instruments	issued	by	the	Company	are	recorded	in	equity	at	the	proceeds	received,	net	of	direct	issue	costs.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Group and the revenue can be 
reliably	measured.	Revenue	from	oil	and	natural	gas	production	is	recognised	on	an	entitlement	basis	for	the	Group’s	net	working	
interest.

Finance Revenue

Finance revenue chiefly comprises interest income from cash deposits on the basis of the effective interest rate method and is 
disclosed separately on the face of the income statement.

Finance Costs

Finance costs of debt are allocated to periods over the term of the related debt using the effective interest method. Arrangement fees 
and issue costs are amortised and charged to the income statement as finance costs over the term of the debt.

Borrowing costs

Borrowing	costs	directly	relating	to	the	acquisition,	construction	or	production	of	a	qualifying	capital	project	under	construction	are	
capitalised	and	added	to	the	project	cost	during	construction	until	such	time	the	assets	are	substantially	ready	for	their	intended	use	i.e	

44

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
when	they	are	capable	of	commercial	production.	Where	funds	are	borrowed	specifically	to	finance	a	project,	the	amounts	capitalised	
represent the actual borrowing costs incurred. All other borrowing costs are recognised in the income statement in the period in which 
they are incurred.

Share-Based Payment Transactions

Employees	(including	directors)	of	the	Group	receive	remuneration	in	the	form	of	share-based	payment	transactions,	whereby	
employees	render	services	in	exchange	for	shares	or	rights	over	shares	(‘equity-settled	transactions’).	

Equity-settled transactions
The	cost	of	equity-settled	transactions	with	employees	is	measured	by	reference	to	the	fair	value	at	the	date	on	which	they	are	granted.		
In	valuing	equity-settled	transactions,	no	account	is	taken	of	any	service	or	performance	conditions,	other	than	conditions	linked	to	the	
price	of	the	shares	of	Serica	Energy	plc	(‘market	conditions’),	if	applicable.

The	cost	of	equity-settled	transactions	is	recognised,	together	with	a	corresponding	increase	in	equity,	over	the	period	in	which	the	
relevant	employees	become	fully	entitled	to	the	award	(the	‘vesting	period’).	The	cumulative	expense	recognised	for	equity-settled	
transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period has expired and the Group’s 
best	estimate	of	the	number	of	equity	instruments	that	will	ultimately	vest.	The	income	statement	charge	or	credit	for	a	period	
represents the movement in cumulative expense recognised as at the beginning and end of that period.

No	expense	is	recognised	for	awards	that	do	not	ultimately	vest,	except	for	awards	where	vesting	is	conditional	upon	a	market	or	
non-vesting	condition,	which	are	treated	as	vesting	irrespective	of	whether	or	not	the	market	or	non-vesting	condition	is	satisfied,	
provided	that	all	other	performance	conditions	are	satisfied.		Equity	awards	cancelled	are	treated	as	vesting	immediately	on	the	date	of	
cancellation, and any expense not recognised for the award at that date is recognised in the income statement. Estimated associated 
national insurance charges are expensed in the income statement on an accruals basis.

Where	the	terms	of	an	equity-settled	award	are	modified	or	a	new	award	is	designated	as	replacing	a	cancelled	or	settled	award,	the	
cost based on the original award terms continues to be recognised over the original vesting period. In addition, an expense is recognised 
over the remainder of the new vesting period for the incremental fair value of any modification, based on the difference between the fair 
value	of	the	original	award	and	the	fair	value	of	the	modified	award,	both	as	measured	on	the	date	of	the	modification.	No	reduction	is	
recognised if this difference is negative.

Income Taxes

Current	tax,	including	UK	corporation	tax	and	overseas	corporation	tax,	is	provided	at	amounts	expected	to	be	paid	using	the	tax	rates	
and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method and tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the 
balance	sheet	date.	Provision	is	made	for	temporary	differences	at	the	balance	sheet	date	between	the	tax	bases	of	the	assets	and	
liabilities	and	their	carrying	amounts	for	financial	reporting	purposes.	Deferred	tax	is	provided	on	all	temporary	differences	except	for:

•	 temporary	differences	associated	with	investments	in	subsidiaries,	where	the	timing	of	the	reversal	of	the	temporary	differences	can	

be	controlled	by	the	Group	and	it	is	probable	that	the	temporary	differences	will	not	reverse	in	the	foreseeable	future;	and

•	 temporary	differences	arising	from	the	initial	recognition	of	an	asset	or	liability	in	a	transaction	that	is	not	a	business	combination	

and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the income statement nor taxable profit or loss.

Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be 
available against which the deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are presented net only if 
there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current tax liabilities and if the deferred tax assets and liabilities 
relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority.

Earnings Per Share

Earnings per share is calculated using the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings 
per share is calculated based on the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period plus the weighted 
average number of shares that would be issued on the conversion of all relevant potentially dilutive shares to ordinary shares. It is 

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

45

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

assumed that any proceeds obtained on the exercise of any options and warrants would be used to purchase ordinary shares at the 
average	price	during	the	period.	Where	the	impact	of	converted	shares	would	be	anti-dilutive,	these	are	excluded	from	the	calculation	of	
diluted earnings.

New and amended standards and interpretations

The accounting policies adopted are consistent with those of the previous financial year, except for the following new and amended IFRS 
and	IFRIC	interpretations	effective	as	of	1	January	2012.	The	adoption	of	the	standards	or	interpretations	is	described	below:

i)	 Amendments	to	IFRS	7	–	Disclosures	–	Transfers	of	Financial	Assets
	 The	IASB	issued	amendments	to	IFRS	7	effective	for	annual	periods	beginning	on	or	after	1	July	2011.	The	adoption	of	the	

amendments did not have any impact on the financial position or performance of the Group.

ii)	 Amendments	to	IFRS	1	–	Severe	Hyperinflation	and	removal	of	Fixed	Dates	for	First-time	Adopters
	 The	IASB	issued	amendments	to	IFRS	1	effective	for	annual	periods	beginning	on	or	after	1	July	2011.	The	adoption	of	the	

amendments did not have any impact on the financial position or performance of the Group.

iii)	Amendments	to	IAS	12	–	Deferred	Tax:	Recovery	of	Underlying	Assets
	 The	IASB	issued	amendments	to	IAS	12	effective	for	annual	periods	beginning	on	or	after	1	January	2012.	The	adoption	of	the	

amendments did not have any impact on the financial position or performance of the Group.

Standards issued but not yet effective

Standards issued but not yet effective up to the date of issuance of the Group’s financial statements are listed below. This listing of 
standards and interpretations issued are those that the Group reasonably expects to have an impact on disclosures, financial position or 
performance when applied at a future date. The Group intends to adopt these standards when they become effective.

IAS 1 Financial Statement presentation – Presentation of items of Other Comprehensive Income
The	amendments	to	IAS	1	change	the	grouping	of	items	presented	in	Other	Comprehensive	Income.	Items	that	could	be	classified	to	
profit or loss at a future point in time would be presented separately from items that will never be reclassified. The amendment affects 
presentation only and has no impact on the Group’s financial position or performance. The amendment becomes effective for annual 
periods	beginning	on	or	after	1	July	2012.

IFRS 9 Financial Instruments: Classification and Measurement
IFRS	9	as	issued	reflects	the	first	phase	of	the	IASBs	work	on	the	replacement	of	IAS	39	and	applies	to	the	classification	and	
measurement	of	financial	assets	and	financial	liabilities	as	defined	in	IAS	39.	The	standard	is	effective	for	annual	periods	beginning	on	
or	after	1	January	2015.

IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements
IFRS 10 replaces the portion of IAS 27 Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements that addresses the accounting for consolidated 
financial	statements.	The	standard	becomes	effective	for	annual	periods	beginning	on	or	after	1	January	2013.

IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements
IFRS	11	replaces	IAS	31	Interests	in	Joint	Ventures	and	SIC-13	Jointly-controlled	Entities	–	Non-monetary	Contributions	by	Venturers.	
IFRS	11	removes	the	option	to	account	for	jointly	controlled	entities	(JCEs)	using	proportionate	consolidation.	Instead	JCEs	that	meet	
the	definition	of	a	joint	venture	must	be	accounted	for	using	the	equity	method.	The	standard	becomes	effective	for	annual	periods	
beginning	on	or	after	1	January	2013.

IFRS 12 Disclosure of Involvement with Other Entities
IFRS 12 includes all of the disclosures that were previously in IAS 27 related to consolidated financial statements, as well as all of the 
disclosures	that	were	previously	included	in	IAS	31	and	IAS	28.	These	disclosures	relate	to	an	entity’s	interests	in	subsidiaries,	joint	
arrangements,	associates	and	structured	entities.	A	number	of	new	disclosures	are	also	required.	The	standard	becomes	effective	for	
annual	periods	beginning	on	or	after	1	January	2013.

IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement
IFRS 13 establishes a single source of guidance under IFRS for all fair value measurements. The standard becomes effective for annual 
periods	beginning	on	or	after	1	January	2013.

The Directors anticipate the adoption of the Standards and Interpretations listed above will not have a material impact on the Financial 
Statements of the Group.

46

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

3. Segment Information 

The	Group’s	business	is	that	of	oil	&	gas	exploration,	development	and	production.	The	Group’s	reportable	segments	are	based	on	the	
location of the Group’s assets. 

The following tables present revenue, profit and certain asset and liability information regarding the Group’s geographical reportable 
segments	for	the	years	ended	31	December	2012	and	2011.	Costs	associated	with	the	UK	corporate	centre	are	included	in	the	UK	&	
Ireland	reportable	segment.	Reportable	information	in	respect	of	the	Group’s	interest	in	the	producing	Kambuna	field	in	Indonesia	
is	disclosed	as	a	separate	segment.	The	information	for	the	Indonesia	exploration	segment	disposed	in	October	2011	is	classified	as	
discontinued.

year ended 31 December 2012 

Continuing  Discontinued

UK & Ireland 
US$000 

Africa 
US$000 

Kambuna 
US$000 

Total 
US$000 

US$000

– 

– 

15,404 

15,404 

REVENUE 
Continuing operations 
Other	expenses	
Pre-licence	costs	
Asset	write-offs	
Impairment	
Depletion	
Depreciation	
Operating	loss	and	segment	loss	
Loss	on	re-measurement	
Profit	on	disposal	
Finance	revenue	
Finance	costs	
Loss	before	taxation	
Taxation	charge	for	the	year	
LOSS AFTER TAxATION 

Other	segment	information:	
Exploration	and	evaluation	assets	
Plant,	property	and	equipment	
Other	assets	
Unallocated	assets	
TOTAL ASSETS 

Segment	liabilities	
TOTAL LIABILITIES 

Capital	expenditure	2012:	
Exploration	and	evaluation	assets	
Property,	plant	and	equipment	

(5,664)	
(118)	
(10,462)	
–	
–	
(341)	
(16,585)	

–	
(213)	
–	
–	
–	
–	
(213)	

(6,239)	
–	
–	
(4,361)	
(13,116)	
–	
(8,312)	

UK & Ireland 
US$000 

Africa 
US$000 

Kambuna 
US$000 

–	
1,036	
7,344	

8,380 

(3,660)	
(3,660) 

66,075	
109	
16,960	

83,144 

(8,639)	
(8,639) 

11,438	
–	

805	
–	
1,831	

2,636 

(979)	
(979) 

1,326	
–	

–	
690	

12,764	
690	

(11,903)	
(331)	
(10,462)	
(4,361)	
(13,116)	
(341)	
(25,110)	
–	
1,023	
12	
(633)	
(24,708)	
–	
(24,708)	

Total 
US$000 

66,880	
1,145	
26,135	
7,750	
101,910	

(13,278)	
(13,278)	

–

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–
–
–
–
–

–
–

–
–

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

Year ended 31 December 2011 

REVENUE 
Continuing operations 
Other	expenses 
Pre-licence	costs 
Asset	write-offs 
Impairment 
Depletion 
Depreciation 
Operating	loss	and	segment	loss	
Loss	on	re-measurement 
Profit	on	disposal 
Finance revenue 
Finance costs 
Loss before taxation 
Taxation charge for the year 
LOSS AFTER TAxATION 

Other segment information: 
Exploration and evaluation assets 
Plant,	property	and	equipment 
Other	assets 
Unallocated	assets 
TOTAL ASSETS 

Segment liabilities 
TOTAL LIABILITIES 

Capital expenditure 2011: 
Exploration and evaluation assets 
Property,	plant	and	equipment 

UK & Ireland 
US$000 

Africa 
US$000 

Kambuna 
US$000 

Continuing 
Total 
US$000 

Discontinued

US$000 

– 

– 

27,111 

27,111 

–

(6,882) 
(290) 
(20) 
– 
– 
(348) 
(7,540) 

(2) 
(1,217) 
– 
– 
– 
– 
(1,219) 

(7,949) 
– 
(335) 
(2,314) 
(17,716) 
– 
(1,203) 

UK & Ireland 
US$000 

Africa 
US$000 

Kambuna 
US$000 

64,695 
450 
13,600 

78,745 

(4,073) 
(4,073) 

2,259 
44 

4,388 
– 
417 

4,805 

(3,423) 
(3,423) 

4,050 
– 

– 
18,269 
10,093 

28,362 

(5,102) 
(5,102) 

– 
1,224 

(14,833) 
(1,507) 
(355) 
(2,314) 
(17,716) 
(348) 
(9,962) 
– 
– 
15 
(1,394) 
(11,341) 
(3,149) 
(14,490) 

Total 
US$000 

69,083 
18,719 
24,110 
11,400 
123,312 

(12,598) 
(12,598) 

(1,190)
(292)
(788)
–
–
–
(2,270)
(3,720)
110
–
–
(5,880)
–
(5,880)

–
–
–
–
–

–
–

6,309 
1,268 

1,091
–

Unallocated	assets	and	liabilities	comprise	financing	items	(including	cash	on	deposit	and	bank	loans).

Information	on	major	customers	is	provided	in	note	4.

48

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.  Sales Revenue

Gas	sales	
Condensate sales 

2012 
US$000 

7,966	
7,438 
15,404 

2011
US$000

15,093
12,018 
27,111

Gas	sales	revenue	in	2011	and	2012	arose	from	three	customers,	the	most	significant	being	PLN	(2012:	US$4,592,000)	and	Pertiwi	(2012:	
US$2,538,000).	All	condensate	sales	revenue	in	2011	and	2012	was	from	one	customer,	PLN.

5.  Cost of Sales

Operating	costs	
Depletion	(see	note	16)	
Movement	in	inventories	of	oil	

6.  Analysis of Expenses by Function

Administrative	
Asset	write-offs	
Other	

7. Discontinued Operation

2012 
US$000 

2011
US$000

6,232	
13,116	
(18)	

19,330 

2012 
US$000 

5,299	
10,462	
5,423	

7,749
17,716
183

25,648

2011
US$000

6,011
355
5,059

21,184 

11,425

In	October	2011	the	Group	disposed	of	its	wholly	owned	subsidiary,	Serica	Indonesia	Holdings	BV	(which	held	Serica’s	Indonesian	
operating	subsidiaries)	to	KrisEnergy	Limited	(“KrisEnergy”),	an	E&P	company	based	in	Singapore.	The	interests	sold	comprised	a	100%	
interest	in	the	East	Seruway	PSC,	a	30.0%	interest	in	the	Kutai	PSC	in	Indonesia	and	rights	relating	to	certain	Indonesian	Joint	Study	
Areas. 

The financial results of the disposed Indonesian business group are disclosed as discontinued operations and separate from the 
results	of	the	retained	business	segments.	The	disposal	generated	a	loss	of	US$3.6	million	(chiefly	comprising	a	loss	of	US$3.7	million	
recognised	on	re-measurement	to	fair	value	as	at	30	September	2011)	after	deducting	the	relevant	book	costs	from	E&E	assets,	working	
capital	balances	and	applicable	fees.	Further	details	of	book	costs	relating	to	the	assets	sold	are	summarised	in	the	loss	on	disposal	
calculation	below	in	section	b).

The	financial	results	of	the	Kambuna	field	interest	had	been	disclosed	in	the	Q2	2011	and	Q3	2011	reports	to	shareholders	as	part	of	
discontinued operations. Following the completion of the separate disposal of the Group’s operated Indonesian exploration portfolio a 
2011	year	end	review	was	performed	to	assess	the	likelyhood	of	a	disposal	of	the	Kambuna	asset.	As	this	event	is	no	longer	considered	
‘highly probable’, the directors consider that as at 31 December 2011, this operation no longer meets the IFRS 5 criteria to recognise it as 
‘discontinued’.	The	annual	financial	results	of	the	Kambuna	field	are	therefore	now	disclosed	within	continuing	operations	together	with	
the results of the retained core business segments.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

49

 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

a) Results of discontinued operations

The	results	of	the	discontinued	operations	are	presented	below:

SALES REVENUE 

Cost	of	sales		
GROSS PROFIT 

Pre-licence	costs	
E&E	and	other	asset	write	offs	
Administrative	expenses	
Foreign	exchange	loss	
Share-based	payments	
Depreciation	
OPERATING LOSS  

Other	costs	
Loss	recognised	on	re-measurement	to	fair	value	
Profit	on	disposal	
Finance	revenue	
LOSS BEFORE TAxATION 

Taxation	charge	for	the	year	
LOSS FOR ThE yEAR 

Loss per ordinary share (EPS) 
Basic	and	diluted	EPS	on	result	in	year	

year ended 
31 December 
2012 
US$000 

Year ended
31 December
2011
US$000

– 

–	
– 

–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
– 

–	
–	
–	
–	
– 

–	
– 

US$ 
–	

–

–	
–

(292)
(788)
(621)
(3)
(203)
–	
(1,907)

(363)
(3,720)
110
–	
(5,880)

–	
(5,880)

US$
(0.03)

The	loss	per	ordinary	share	for	the	discontinued	operations	is	derived	from	the	net	loss	attributable	to	equity	holders	of	the	parent	from	
discontinued	operations	of	US$nil	(2011:	loss	of	US$5,880,000),	divided	by	the	weighted	average	number	of	ordinary	shares	for	both	
basic and diluted amounts as disclosed in note 14.

There are no taxation components within discontinued operations.

The	net	cash	flows	attributable	to	the	disposal	group	in	discontinued	operations	are	as	follows:

Year	ended	31	December:	

Operating	cash	(out)/inflows	
Investing	cash	in/(out)flows	
Financing cash outflows	(1)	
Net	cash	(out)flow	

2012 
US$000 

–	
–	
–	
–	

2011
US$000

(4,027)
2,581
–
(1,446)

(1)		Repayments	of	loans	and	borrowings	are	classified	as	corporate	cash	outflows	and	excluded	from	discontinued	operations.

50

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
b) Analysis of loss recognised on re-measurement to fair value and profit on disposal

The	interests	sold	comprised	a	30.0%	interest	in	the	Kutai	PSC	in	Indonesia	and	a	100%	interest	in	the	East	Seruway	PSC	in	Indonesia.	
Further	details	of	book	costs	relating	to	the	assets	sold	are	given	in	note	15	and	summarised	in	the	disposal	calculation	below:

Disposal of business 

Net assets disposed of 
E&E	assets	(see	note	15)	
100%	interest	in	East	Seruway	PSC		
30.0%	interest	in	Kutai	PSC	
Working	capital,	other	assets	and	liabilities	and	applicable	costs	

Loss	recognised	on	re-measurement	to	fair	value	
Profit	on	disposal	
TOTAL DISPOSAL CONSIDERATION  

Cash	and	cash	equivalents	disposed	of	
CASh INFLOW ON DISPOSALS 

Analysis	of	disposal	consideration:	
Base	consideration	
Interim	period	adjustments	
Contingent consideration 
Total disposal consideration  

8.  Group Operating Loss

This is stated after charging: 
Depletion	of	oil	and	gas	properties		
Depreciation	of	other	property,	plant	and	equipment	
TOTAL DEPRECIATION, DEPLETION AND AMORTISATION ExPENSE 

Depletion of oil and gas properties is classified with cost of sales.

Operating	lease	rentals	(minimum	lease	payments):
-	Land	and	buildings	
-	Other	
TOTAL LEASE PAyMENTS RECOGNISED AS AN ExPENSE 

Total
2011
US$000

6,921
–
1,137
8,058

(3,720)
110	
4,448

(776)	
3,672

3,142
306
1,000
4,448

2012 
US$000 

13,116	
341	
13,457 

2011
US$000

17,716
348 
18,064

531	
21	
552 

590
21
611

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED	

9. Auditor’s Remuneration

Audit of the Group accounts 
Audit of the Company’s accounts 
Audit	of	accounts	of	Company’s	subsidiaries	
TOTAL AUDIT FEES 

Other	fees	to	auditor:
Audit-related	assurance	services	
Taxation	advisory	services	
Other	assurance	services	

2012 
US$000 

2011
US$000

101 
34 
19	
154 

109
37
16
162

US$000	

US$000

–	
7	
–	
7 

59
–
26 
85

Fees	paid	to	Ernst	&	Young	LLP	and	its	associates	for	non-audit	services	are	not	disclosed	in	the	individual	accounts	of	the	Company	
as	Group	financial	statements	are	prepared	which	are	required	to	disclose	such	fees	on	a	consolidated	basis.

10.  Staff Costs and Directors’ Emoluments

a) Staff Costs 

The	average	monthly	number	of	persons	employed	by	the	Group	during	the	year	was:		

Management 
Technical	
Finance and administration 

Staff	costs	for	the	above	persons:
Wages	and	salaries	
Social security costs 
Other	pension	costs	
Share-based	long-term	incentives	(including	related	NI	cost)	

Staff	costs	for	key	management	personnel:	
Short-term	employee	benefits	
Post-employment	benefits	
Share-based	payments	

2012 
No.  

4 
3	
4 
11 

2011
No. 

3
6
6 
15

US$000 

US$000

2,939	
384 
209	
588	
4,120 

2,134	
91	
264	
2,489 

3,294
387
421
1,028
5,130

1,620
91
238 
1,949

52

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
b) Directors’ Emoluments 

The	emoluments	of	the	individual	Directors	were	as	follows.	All	sums	are	paid	in	£	Sterling	but	are	converted	to	US$	being	the	reporting	
currency for the purposes of the Company’s accounts.

Salary  
and fees 
2012 
US$000 

Contingent 
payments 
2012 
US$000 

Bonus 

Pension 

2012 
US$000 

2012 
US$000 

Benefits 
in kind
2012 
US$000 

Total 

Total

2012 
US$000 

2011
US$000

A	Craven	Walker	(1)	
P	Ellis	(2)	
C	Hearne	
P	Sadler	
M Flegg	(3)	
N	Pike	
I	Vann	
S	Theede	
J	Cartwright	(4)	
J	Harris	(5)	

364	
–	
372	
423	
124	
81	
65	
65	
30	
–	
1,524 

238	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
238 

–	
–	
37	
42	
37	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
116 

–	
–	
37	
42	
12	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
91 

–	
–	
7	
2	
3	
–	
–	
–	
–	
–	
12 

602	
–	
453	
509	
176	
81	
65	
65	
30	
–	
1,981 

112
154
491
557
–
64
56
56
56
–
1,546

(1)	Mr	Craven	Walker	has	acted	as	Interim	CEO	following	the	retirement	of	Mr	Ellis	on	10	April	2011.	At	the	request	of	Mr	Craven	Walker,	the	fees	proposed,	amounting	

to	£150,000	(US$238,000),	were	agreed	to	be	payable	contingent	upon	certain	strategic	milestones	being	achieved	by	the	Company.		These	milestones,	which	related	
to	the	securing	of	certain	asset	sales,	acreage	awards,	farm-outs	and	progress	with	field	developments,	were	achieved	by	early	2012.	The	fees	for	the	period	from	10	
April	2011	to	that	date	were	therefore	paid	in	2012	and	are	included	under	the	category	contingent	payments	in	the	table	above.	Since	1	May	2012,	Mr	Craven	Walker	
has	received	a	combined	fee	in	respect	of	services	as	Chairman	and	Interim	CEO	pending	the	appointment	of	a	successor	to	the	CEO	position,	a	process	which	is	still	
underway. He is not entitled to any other award such as share options, share scheme, bonus, pension or medical insurance.

(2)	Paul	Ellis	retired	on	10	April	2011	
(3)	Mitch	Flegg	was	appointed	on	5	September	2012	
(4)	Jonathan	Cartwright	resigned	on	28	June	2012	
(5)	Jeffrey	Harris	was	appointed	on	20	December	2012		

	Number	of	Directors	securing	benefits	under	defined		contribution	schemes	
	Number	of	Directors	who	exercised	share	options	

	Aggregate	gains	made	by	Directors	on	the	exercise	of	options	

3	
–	

3
–

US$000 
–	

US$000
–

The	Group	defines	key	management	personnel	as	the	Directors	of	the	Company.	There	are	no	transactions	with	Directors	other	than	their	
remuneration as disclosed above.

11. Finance Revenue 

Bank	interest	receivable	
Other	interest	receivable	
TOTAL FINANCE REVENUE 

12. Finance Costs

Bank	loans	
Unwinding	of	discount	
TOTAL FINANCE COSTS 

2012 
US$000 
8	
4	
12 

2011
US$000
15
-	
15

2012 
US$000 

2011
US$000

615	
18	
633 

1,354
40 
1,394

Bank	loan	finance	costs	include	interest	payable,	unutilised	facility	fees	and	an	amortisation	charge	of	associated	issue	costs.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

53

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

13. Taxation

a) Tax charged/(credited) in the income statement

Charge	for	the	year	
Adjustment	in	respect	of	prior	years	
Total	current	income	tax	charge	

Deferred tax
Origination	and	reversal	of	temporary	differences	in	the	current	year	
Adjustment	in	respect	of	prior	years	
Adjustment	to	reflect	tax	rate	changes	in	recognition	of	deferred	tax	
Total	deferred	tax	(credit)	

TAx ChARGE IN ThE INCOME STATEMENT 

b) Reconciliation of the total tax charge/(credit)

2012 
US$000 

2011
US$000

–	
–	
–	

–	
–	
–		
–		

– 

4,520
(32) 
4,488

(1,339)
–
–	
(1,339) 

3,149

	The	tax	in	the	income	statement	for	the	year	differs	from	the	amount	that	would	be	corporation	tax	in	the	UK	of	
	expected	by	applying	the	standard	UK	corporation	tax	rate	for	the	following	reasons:

Accounting	loss	before	taxation	–	continuing	operations	

Accounting	loss	before	taxation	–	discontinued	operations	
Accounting	loss	before	taxation	

Expected	tax	credit	at	standard	UK	corporation	tax	rate	of	24.5%	(2011	–	26.5%)	
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 
Unrecognised	deferred	tax	assets	
Gain	on	disposal	not	chargeable	to	tax	
Prior	period	adjustment	
Different	foreign	tax	rates	
TAx ChARGE REPORTED IN ThE INCOME STATEMENT 

c) Unrecognised tax losses

2012 
US$000 

2011
US$000

(24,708)	

(11,341)

–	
(24,708)	

(5,880)
(17,221) 

(6,053)		
432 
6,920	
(261)	
–	
(1,038)	
– 

(4,564) 
2,441
5,456
–
(32)
(152)
3,149

The	benefit	of	approximately	US$110.2	million	(2011:	US$81.7	million)	of	tax	losses	has	not	been	recognised	in	these	consolidated	
statements	which	reflects	the	extent	of	the	total	available	UK	tax	losses	that	have	not	been	set	against	a	deferred	tax	liability	arising.	
The	Group	has	UK	tax	losses	of	approximately	US$167.2	million	(2011:	US$138.7	million)	that	are	available	indefinitely	for	offset	
against	future	trading	profits	of	the	companies	in	which	the	losses	arose.	Of	this	amount	US$57.0	million	(2011:	US$57.0	million)	has	
been set off against taxable temporary differences.

54

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
	
	
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
d) Deferred tax

The	deferred	tax	included	in	the	balance	sheet	is	as	follows:

Deferred tax liability:
Temporary	differences	on	capital	expenditure	
Temporary	difference	on	decommissioning	asset	
Deferred	tax	liability	

Deferred tax asset:
Temporary	difference	on	future	recoverable	costs	
Tax	losses	carried	forward	
Temporary	difference	on	decommissioning	provision	
Deferred	tax	asset	

2012 
US$000 

(35,336)	
–	
(35,336)	

–	
35,336	
–	
35,336	

2011
US$000

(35,357)
(396) 
(35,753) 

–
35,357
396 
35,753

NET DEFERRED TAx LIABILITy 

–		

–	

The	deferred	tax	in	the	Group	income	statement	is	as	follows:

Deferred tax in the income statement: 
Temporary	differences	on	capital	expenditure	
Temporary	difference	on	future	recoverable	costs	
Tax losses carried forward 
Temporary	difference	on	decommissioning	asset	
Temporary	difference	on	decommissioning	provision	
DEFERRED INCOME TAx (CREDIT) 

e) Changes to UK corporation tax legislation 

2012  
US$000 

(21)	
–	
21 
(396)	
396	
–  

2011 
US$000

4,297
1,833
(7,469)
(235)
235 
(1,339) 

	The	2013	Budget	proposed	a	reduction	in	the	main	rate	of	UK	corporation	tax	to	21%	for	the	year	commencing	1	April	2014,	and	20%	
for	the	year	from	1	April	2015	and	beyond.		The	UK	corporation	tax	rate	for	ring-fenced	trading	profits	remains	62%.

On	21	March	2012	the	UK	Government	announced	its	intention	to	increase	the	extent	to	which	the	Small	Field	Allowance	(“SFA”)	is	
available	in	respect	of	small	developments.	The	proposals	would	extend	the	allowance	to	fields	with	reserves	of	6.25	million	tonnes	
from	the	current	threshold	of	3.5	million	tonnes	and	would	increase	the	allowance	available	in	respect	of	a	qualifying	field	from	£75m	
(US$120m)	to	£150m	(US$240m).

f) Unrecognised deferred tax liability 

 In 2012 there are no material temporary differences associated with investments with subsidiaries for which deferred tax liabilities 
have not been recognised.

g) Company

The	Company	has	US$22.3	million	(2011:	US$	20.2	million)	of	UK	corporation	tax	losses	for	which	are	not	recognised	as	deferred	tax	
assets.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

55

 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

14.  Earnings Per Share

Basic	earnings	or	loss	per	ordinary	share	amounts	are	calculated	by	dividing	net	profit	or	loss	for	the	year	attributable	to	ordinary	
equity	holders	of	the	parent	by	the	weighted	average	number	of	ordinary	shares	outstanding	during	the	year.	

Diluted	earnings	per	share	amounts	are	calculated	by	dividing	the	net	profit	attributable	to	ordinary	equity	holders	of	the	Company	
by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year plus the weighted average number of ordinary shares 
that would be issued on the conversion of dilutive potential ordinary shares into ordinary shares. As a result of the net loss for the 
years ended 31 December 2011 and 2012, there is no dilutive effect of the share options in these years.

The	following	reflects	the	income	and	share	data	used	in	the	basic	and	diluted	earnings	per	share	computations:

Net	loss	from	continuing	operations	

Net	loss	attributable	to	equity	holders	of	the	parent	

Basic	weighted	average	number	of	shares	

Diluted weighted average number of shares 

Basic	and	diluted	EPS	on	loss	on	continuing	operations	(US$)	
Basic	and	diluted	EPS	on	loss	for	the	year	(US$)	

2012 
US$000 

2011
US$000

(24,708)	

(14,490)

(24,708)	

(20,370) 

2012 
’000 

2011 
’000

177,743	

176,657

177,743 

176,657

2012 
US$ 

(0.14)	
(0.14)	

2011 
US$

(0.08)
(0.12)

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15. Exploration and Evaluation Assets

Group 
Cost:
1	January	2011	

Additions 
Disposals	(note	7)	
31	December	2011	

Additions	
Relinquished	licences	
Write	offs	
Disposals		
31	December	2012	

Provision for impairment:
1	January	2011	and	1	January	2012	
Impairment	charge	for	the	year	
31	December	2012	

Net book value: 
31 DECEMBER 2012 

31 DECEMBER 2011 

1 JANUARy 2011 

Total
US$000

68,604

7,400
(6,921)	
69,083

12,764
(143)
(9,664)
(5,160)	
66,880

–
–	
–

66,880

69,083

68,604

Disposals	in	E&E	assets	in	2012	arose	in	the	first	quarter	from	the	farm-out	of	an	interest	in	the	Company’s	Namibian	licence	to	BP,	
and	in	the	third	quarter	from	farm-outs	of	interests	in	Morocco	and	the	UK.	The	re-imbursement	due	for	the	past	costs	capitalised	as	
E&E	assets	is	treated	as	a	reduction	from	the	book	cost	of	the	asset.	The	accounting	gain	of	US$1.0	million	on	disposal	recorded	in	
the	Q1	2012	income	statement	relates	to	the	recognition	of	recovery	for	those	past	Namibia	costs	incurred	that	had	been	expensed	as	
pre-licence	costs	in	previous	periods.	See	Results	of	Operations	in	the	Financial	Review	above.

Total	asset	write-offs	expensed	in	the	income	statement	in	2012	were	US$10.5	million.	This	charge	comprised	E&E	asset	write-offs	
(US$9.7	million),	costs	of	relinquished	licences	(US$0.1	million),	a	charge	against	obsolete	inventory	in	Indonesia	(US$0.6	million)	and	
other	minor	amounts.	The	most	significant	component	of	E&E	asset	write-offs	is	the	Q4	2012	charge	of	US$8.8	million	which	related	to	
the	costs	incurred	on	the	Spaniards	East	well	in	the	UK	North	Sea.

2011	additions	of	US$7,400,000	were	split	between	US$6,309,000	in	continuing	operations	and	US$1,091,000	in	discontinued	
operations.

Company
The	Company	has	no	E&E	assets.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

16.  Property, Plant and Equipment

Group 
Cost
1	January	2011	
Additions	
Reclassifications	
Decommissioning	asset	
Disposals		
31	December	2011	

Additions	
Decommissioning	revisions	
31	December	2012	

Depreciation and depletion
1	January	2011	
Charge	for	the	year	
Disposals	
Impairment	
31	December	2011	

Charge	for	the	year	
Impairment	

31	December	2012	

Net book value
31 DECEMBER 2012 

31 DECEMBER 2011 

1 JANUARy 2011 

Oil and gas   Computer/IT 
Equipment 
properties 

US$000 

US$000 

Fixtures, 
Fittings &  
Equipment 
US$000 

Total

US$000

61,005	
1,189	
121	
283	
–	
62,598	

690	
(446)	
62,842	

24,299	
17,716	
–	
2,314	
44,329	

13,116	
4,361	

61,806	

1,036 

18,269 

36,706 

286	
–	
–	
–	
(97)	
189	

–	
–	
189	

208	
38	
(97)	
–	
149	

32	
–	

181	

8 

40 

78 

949	
79	
(121)	
–	
(6)	
901	

–	
–	
901	

187	
310	
(6)	
–	
491	

309	
–	

800	

101 

410 

762 

62,240
1,268
–
283
(103)
63,688

690
(446)
63,932

24,694
18,064
(103)
2,314
44,969

13,457
4,361

62,787

1,145

18,719

37,546

Impairment of oil and gas properties
The	Group	performed	its	annual	impairment	test	as	at	31	December	2011	and	2012.	In	assessing	whether	a	write-down	is	required	in	the	
carrying	value	of	a	potentially	impaired	item	of	property,	plant	and	equipment	or	goodwill,	the	asset’s	carrying	value	is	compared	with	its	
recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of the asset’s fair value less costs to sell and value in use.

Oil	and	gas	properties	include	an	impairment	calculated	in	accordance	with	IAS	36	-	Impairment	of	assets,	of	US$4,361,000	(2011:	
US$2,314,000)	attributed	to	oil	and	gas	properties	determined	by	estimating	the	value	in	use	of	the	assets.	This	impairment	charge	is	
against	the	Group’s	only	gas	condensate	producing	asset,	Glagah	Kambuna	in	Indonesia.	The	impairment	has	primarily	arisen	following	
the trigger of a downwards revision to field reserves estimates.

The	recoverable	amount	of	Kambuna	has	been	determined	on	a	value	in	use	calculation	using	a	discounted	cash	flow	model.	The	
projected	cash	flows	are	adjusted	for	risks	specific	to	the	asset	and	are	discounted	using	a	pre-tax	discount	rate.	This	discount	
rate	is	derived	from	the	Group’s	post-tax	weighted	average	cost	of	capital	and	is	adjusted	where	applicable	to	take	into	account	any	
specific	risks	relating	to	the	region	where	the	cash	generating	unit	is	located.	In	2011,	a	12%	discount	rate	was	applied	to	cash	flow	
projections	and	cash	flows	were	extrapolated	using	a	2%	growth	rate.	In	2012,	given	the	short-term	nature	of	cash	flows,	no	discount	or	
extrapolation rates were used. 

The	calculation	of	value	in	use	is	most	sensitive	to	the	following	assumptions;	reserves	estimates,	discount	rates	and	oil	prices.

58

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The	estimated	recoverable	amount	is	equal	to	its	carrying	value	and,	consequently,	any	adverse	change	in	any	of	the	above	key	
assumptions would cause the carrying value to exceed its recoverable amount and a further impairment loss to be recognised.

Other
Depletion charges on oil and gas properties are classified within ‘cost of sales’.

Borrowing	interest	payable	costs	relating	to	drilling	of	development	wells,	that	have	been	capitalised	within	oil	and	gas	properties	during	
2009,	prior	to	the	commencement	of	production,	amounted	to	US$1,200,000,	at	a	weighted	average	interest	of	4.6%.

Company
The	Company	has	no	property,	plant	and	equipment.

17.  Investments

Company	–	Investment		in	subsidiaries	
Cost:
1	January	2011	and	2012	

Increase in investment 
31	December	2012	

Provision	for	impairment:
1	January	2011	and	1	January	2012	
Impairment	charge	for	the	year	
31	December	2012	

Net	book	amount:	
31 December 2012 

31 December 2011 

1	January	2011	

Total
US$000

130,684

2,000
132,684

(118,854)
–
(118,854)

13,830

11,830

11,830

In	the	Company	financial	statements,	the	cost	of	the	investment	acquired	on	the	Reorganisation	(see	note	1)	was	calculated	with	
reference	to	the	market	value	of	Serica	Energy	Corporation	as	at	the	date	of	the	Reorganisation.	As	a	UK	company,	under	Section	612	
of	the	Companies	Act	2006,	the	Company	is	entitled	to	merger	relief	on	its	share	reorganisation	with	Serica	Energy	Corporation,	and	the	
excess	of	US$112,174,000	over	the	nominal	value	of	shares	issued	(US$7,475,000)	has	been	credited	to	a	merger	reserve.

The	increase	in	investment	of	US$2,000,000	during	the	year	represents	the	value	of	shares	issued	by	Serica	Energy	plc	as	part	of	the	
consideration	paid	to	NAMCOR	(see	note	25)	for	the	Company’s	interests	in	Namibia	which	are	held	by	Serica	Energy	Namibia	B.V.

Management has assessed the carrying value of investments in subsidiaries in the parent company balance sheet for impairment by 
reference to the recoverable amount. 

The	provisions	for	impairment	arising	in	2010	of	US$118,854,000	against	the	investment	in	subsidiaries,	and	US$7,339,000	against	
amounts	owed	by	Group	undertakings	(see	note	20)	have	been	made	following	a	fall	in	value	in	certain	of	the	oil	and	gas	assets	held	by	
the	Company’s	subsidiary	undertakings.	

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

59

 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

Details	of	the	investments	in	which	the	Group	and	the	Company	(unless	indicated)	hold	20%	or	more	of	the	nominal	value	of	any	class	of	
share	capital	are	as	follows:

Name of company: 

Serica	Holdings	UK	Ltd		
Serica	Energy	Holdings	B.V.	(i	&	iii)	
Serica	Energy	(UK)	Ltd		(i)	
Serica	Glagah	Kambuna	BV	(i	&	iii)	
Serica	Sidi	Moussa	BV	(i	&	iii)	
Serica	Foum	Draa	BV	(i	&	iii)	
Serica	Energy	Slyne	BV	(i	&	iii)	
Serica	Energy	Rockall	BV	(i	&	iii)	
Serica Energia Iberica SL	(i	&	iv)	
Serica Energy Corporation	(i	&	ii)	
Serica	Energy	Namibia	BV	(i	&	iii)	
APD	Ltd	(i	&	ii)	
APD	(Asahan)	Ltd	(i	&	ii)	
APD	(Biliton)	Ltd	(i	&	ii)	
PDA	Asia	Ltd	(i	&	ii)	
PDA	(Lematang)	Ltd	(i)	
Entities sold in 2011 
Serica	Indonesia	Holdings	BV	(iii)	
Serica	Kutei	BV	(iii)	
Serica	East	Seruway	BV	(iii)	
Serica	Energy	Pte	Ltd	(v)	

(i)	Held	by	a	subsidiary	undertaking	
(ii)	Incorporated	in	the	British	Virgin	Islands	
(iii)	Incorporated	in	the	Netherlands	
(iv)	Incorporated	in	Spain	 	
(v)	Incorporated	in	Singapore	

18.  Other Non-current Assets

FINANCIAL ASSETS 

OThER RECEIVABLES 

holding 

Nature of 
business 

% voting 
rights and 
 shares held 
2012 

% voting
rights and
shares held
2011

Holding	
Ordinary	
Holding	
Ordinary	
Ordinary	
Exploration	
Ordinary		 Development	
Exploration	
Ordinary	
Exploration	
Ordinary	
Exploration	
Ordinary	
Exploration	
Ordinary	
Exploration	
Ordinary	
Dormant	
Ordinary	
Exploration	
Ordinary	
Dormant	
Ordinary	
Dormant	
Ordinary	
Dormant	
Ordinary	
Dormant	
Ordinary	
Dormant	
Ordinary	

Ordinary	
Ordinary	
Ordinary		
Ordinary	

Holding	
Exploration	
Exploration	
Admin	

100	
100	
100	
100	
100	
100	
100	
100	
100	
100	
100	
100	
100	
100	
100	
100	

–	
–	
–	
–	

100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

–
–
–
–

Group 
2012 
US$000 

– 

1,706 

2011 
US$000 

394 

3,613 

Company 
2012 
US$000 

– 

– 

2011
US$000

394

–

Financial assets entirely relate to restricted cash on deposit with financial institutions securing various guarantees and performance 
bonds associated with the Group’s trading activities.

Other	receivables	are	represented	by	value	added	tax	(“VAT”)	on	Indonesian	capital	spend,	which	would	be	recovered	from	the	
Indonesian	authorities.	Amounts	at	31	December	2012	are	disclosed	net	of	an	impairment	of	US$427,000	(2011:	US$611,000).

60

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19.  Inventories

Condensate	stocks	
Materials	and	spare	parts	

Group 
2012 
US$000 

282	
199	
481 

2011 
US$000 

264	
1,308	
1,572 

Company 
2012 
US$000 

–	
–	
– 

2011
US$000

–
–	
–

Inventories	are	valued	at	the	lower	of	cost	and	net	realisable	value.	Cost	is	determined	by	the	first-in	first-out	method	and	comprises	
direct	purchase	costs	and	transportation	expenses.	US$609,000	was	expensed	in	the	income	statement	as	an	asset	write-off	against	
materials	and	spare	parts	in	2012	(2011:	US$	nil).

20.  Other Current Receivables

Due within one year: 
Amounts	owed	by	Group	undertakings	
Trade	receivables	
Amounts	recoverable	from	JV	partners	
Back	costs	recoverable	
Other	receivables	
Prepayments	and	accrued	income	

TRADE AND OThER RECEIVABLES 

FINANCIAL ASSETS 

Group 
2012 
US$000 

2011 
US$000 

Company 
2012 
US$000 

–	
2,099	
3,451	
933	
2,009	
449	

8,941 

412 

–	
3,696	
1,076	
–	
4,096	
470 

9,338 

647 

2011
US$000

114,860
–
–
–
397
55

110,824	
–	
–	
–	
611	
333 

111,768 

115,312

412 

647

Trade	receivables	at	31	December	2012	arise	from	two	customers,	PLN	and	Pertiwi.	The	Other	receivables	balance	above	primarily	
relates to VAT.

At the reporting date the Group had no past due or impaired trade and other receivables. The Directors consider the carrying amount 
of trade and other receivables approximates to their fair value.

Financial assets entirely relate to restricted cash on deposit with financial institutions securing various guarantees and performance 
bonds associated with the Group’s trading activities. Management considers that there are no unreasonable concentrations of credit 
risk	within	the	Group	or	Company.	The	financial	assets	disclosed	above	are	not	considered	past	due	nor	impaired.

At	the	reporting	date	the	amounts	owed	by	Group	undertakings	to	the	Company	are	disclosed	net	of	an	impairment	of	US$7,339,000	
(2011:	US$7,339,000)	–	see	note	17.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

21.  Cash and Short-Term Deposits

Cash	at	bank	and	in	hand	
Short-term	deposits	

Group 
2012 
US$000 

14,595	
7,750	
22,345 

2011 
US$000 

8,546	
11,400 
19,946 

Company 
2012 
US$000 

13,674	
7,750 
21,424 

2011
US$000

7,742
11,400
19,142

Cash	at	bank	earns	interest	at	floating	rates	based	on	daily	bank	deposit	rates.	Short-term	deposits	are	made	for	varying	periods	of	
between	one	day	and	three	months	depending	on	the	immediate	cash	requirements	of	the	Group,	and	earn	interest	at	the	respective	
short	term	deposit	rates.	The	Group’s	exposure	to	credit	risk	arises	from	potential	default	of	a	counterparty,	with	a	maximum	exposure	
equal	to	the	carrying	amount.	The	Group	seeks	to	minimise	counterparty	credit	risks	by	only	depositing	cash	surpluses	with	major	banks	
of	high	quality	credit	standing,	and	spreading	the	placement	of	funds	over	a	range	of	institutions.	

Financial	institutions,	and	their	credit	ratings,	which	held	greater	than	10%	of	the	Group’s	cash	and	short-term	deposits	at	the	balance	
sheet	date	were	as	follows:

HSBC	Bank	plc	
J.P.	Morgan	Chase	
Barclays	Bank	plc	

S&P credit 
rating 

A-1+	
A-1	
A-1	

Group 
2012 
US$000 

7,929	
7,824	
6,567	

2011 
US$000 

6,229	
7,320 
6,364 

Company 
2012 
US$000 

7,898	
7,824 
5,700 

2011
US$000

6,031
7,320
5,790

For	the	purposes	of	the	consolidated	and	Company	cash	flow	statement,	cash	and	cash	equivalents	comprise	the	above	amounts	 
at 31 December.

22.  Trade and Other Payables

Current:	
Trade	payables	
Other	payables	

23.  Provisions

Group 
2012 
US$000 

7,264	
4,413	
11,677 

2011 
US$000 

857 
9,410 
10,267 

Company 
2012 
US$000 

505 
575 
1,080 

2011
US$000

370
263
633

Provisions	for	decommissioning	and	restoration	of	oil	and	gas	assets	are:

At	1	January	
Additions	
Decommissioning	estimate	revisions	(see	note	16)	
Unwinding	of	discount	
At 31 December 

2012 
US$000 

2011
US$000

2,029	
–	
(446)	
18	
1,601 

1,706
283
–
40
2,029

The	decommissioning	for	the	Kambuna	field	is	expected	to	take	place	from	2013.	Payments	made	in	the	period	into	a	restricted	fund	are	
recognised as a separate asset within other receivables and not deducted from the gross liability.

62

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
24.  Financial Instruments

The	Group’s	financial	instruments	comprise	cash	and	cash	equivalents,	bank	loans	and	borrowings,	accounts	payable	and	accounts	
receivable.	It	is	management’s	opinion	that	the	Group	is	not	exposed	to	significant	interest,	credit	or	currency	risks	arising	from	its	
financial	instruments	other	than	as	discussed	below:

Serica	has	exposure	to	interest	rate	fluctuations	on	its	cash	deposits	and	bank	loans;	given	the	level	of	expenditure	plans	over	2013/14	
this	is	managed	in	the	short-term	through	selecting	treasury	deposit	periods	of	one	to	three	months.	Cash	and	treasury	credit	risks	are	
mitigated through spreading the placement of funds over a range of institutions each carrying acceptable published credit ratings to 
minimise	concentration	and	counterparty	risk.

Where	Serica	operates	joint	ventures	on	behalf	of	partners	it	seeks	to	recover	the	appropriate	share	of	costs	from	these	third	parties.	
The	majority	of	partners	in	these	ventures	are	well	established	oil	and	gas	companies.	In	the	event	of	non	payment,	operating	
agreements typically provide recourse through increased venture shares. 

Serica	retains	certain	non	US$	cash	holdings	and	other	financial	instruments	relating	to	its	operations.	The	US$	reporting	currency	
value of these may fluctuate from time to time causing reported foreign exchange gains and losses. Serica maintains a broad strategy 
of matching the currency of funds held on deposit with the expected expenditures in those currencies. Management believes that this 
mitigates	most	of	any	actual	potential	currency	risk	from	financial	instruments.	Loan	funding	is	available	in	US	Dollars	and	Pounds	
Sterling. 

It is management’s opinion that the fair value of its financial instruments approximate to their carrying values, unless otherwise noted.

Bank loans

Throughout	2011	and	2012,	the	Company	has	had	access	to	a	three-year	US$50	million	debt	facility,	which	was	arranged	in	November	
2009	with	J.P.Morgan	plc,	Bank	of	Scotland	plc	and	Natixis	as	Mandated	Lead	Arrangers.	This	facility	was	principally	to	refinance	
the	Company’s	outstanding	borrowings	on	the	Kambuna	field.	It	was	also	originally	put	in	place	partly	to	finance	the	appraisal	and	
development of the Columbus field and for general corporate purposes. 

Although all outstanding amounts under the Company’s debt facility were fully repaid in February 2011, the facility was rolled forward 
until	February	2013	whilst	the	directors	reviewed	the	funding	requirements	and	options	available	for	the	Columbus	field	development.	
Following	the	good	progress	that	had	initially	been	made	with	BG	on	the	development	of	the	Columbus	field,	the	Company	was	actively	
engaged	in	arranging	financing	to	enable	this	to	be	achieved.	In	March	2013,	in	light	of	the	current	expected	timing	requirements	for	the	
Company’s	share	of	Columbus	project	development	costs,	the	Company	decided	to	allow	the	facility	to	expire.	This	decision	will	save	
ongoing	unutilised	fee	costs	and	was	made	in	light	of	other	financing	options	that	are	under	review.	Plans	are	advanced	to	finance	the	
Company’s share of Columbus development costs when the final decision to proceed is made.

As	at	31	December	2012	the	facility	was	secured	by	first	charges	over	the	Group’s	interests	in	the	Kambuna	field	in	Indonesia	and	the	
Columbus	field	in	the	UK	North	Sea	and	the	shares	of	certain	subsidiary	companies.	This	security	was	released	following	the	expiry	of	
the facility in March 2013.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

63

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

Interest Rate Risk Profile of Financial Assets and Liabilities

The	interest	rate	profile	of	the	financial	assets	and	liabilities	of	the	Group	as	at	31	December	is	as	follows:

Group
year ended 31 December 2012 

Fixed rate
Short-term	deposits	
Short-term	financial	assets	
Long-term	financial	assets	

Floating rate
Cash	

Year ended 31 December 2011 

Fixed rate
Short-term	deposits	
Short-term	financial	assets	
Long-term	financial	assets	

Floating rate 
Cash 
Bank	loans	

Within 1 year 
US$000 

1-2 years  
US$000 

2-5 years 
US$000 

Total
US$000

7,750	
412	
–	

–	
–	
–	

–	
–	
–	

Within 1 year 
US$000 

1-2 years 
US$000 

2-5 years 
US$000 

14,595	

–	

–	

Within 1 year 
US$000 

1-2 years 
US$000 

2-5 years 
US$000 

11,400 
647 
– 

– 
– 
394 

– 
– 
– 

Within 1 year 
US$000 
8,546 
–	

1-2 years 
US$000 
– 
–	

2-5 years 
US$000 
– 
–	

7,750
412
–
8,162

Total
US$000

14,595
14,595

Total
US$000

11,400
647
394
12,441

Total
US$000
8,546
–
8,546

The following table demonstrates the sensitivity of finance revenue and finance costs to a reasonably possible change in interest rates, 
with	all	other	variables	held	constant,	of	the	Group’s	loss	before	tax	(through	the	impact	on	fixed	rate	short-term	deposits	and	applicable	
bank	loans).	

Increase/decrease in interest rate 

+0.75%	
-0.75%	

  Effect on loss 
before tax 
2012 
US$000 

Effect on loss
before tax
2011
US$000

169	
(169)	

160
(160)

The	other	financial	instruments	of	the	Group	that	are	not	included	in	the	above	tables	are	non-interest	bearing	and	are	therefore	not	
subject	to	interest	rate	risk.

64

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
The	interest	rate	profile	of	the	financial	assets	and	liabilities	of	the	Company	as	at	31	December	is	as	follows:

Company
year ended 31 December 2012 

Fixed rate
Short-term	deposits	
Short-term	financial	assets	
Long-term	financial	assets	

Floating rate
Cash	
Bank	loans	

Year ended 31 December 2011 

Fixed rate
Short-term	deposits	
Short-term	financial	assets	
Long-term	financial	assets	

Floating rate
Cash 
Bank	loans	

Credit risk

Within 1 year 
US$000 

1-2 years  
US$000 

2-5 years 
US$000 

Total
US$000

7,750	
412	
–	

–	
–	
–	

–	
–	
–	

Within 1 year 
US$000 

1-2  years 
US$000 

2-5  years 
US$000 

13,674	
–	

–	
–	

–	
–	

Within 1 year 
US$000 

1-2  years 
US$000 

2-5  years 
US$000 

11,400 
647 
– 

– 
– 
394 

– 
– 
– 

Within 1 year 
US$000 

1-2  years 
US$000 

2-5 years 
US$000 

7,742 
–	

– 
–	

– 
–	

7,750
412
–
8,162

Total
US$000

13,674
–
13,674

Total
US$000

11,400
647
394
12,441

Total
US$000

7,742
–
7,742

The	Group’s	and	Company’s	exposure	to	credit	risk	relating	to	financial	assets	arises	from	the	default	of	a	counterparty	with	a	maximum	
exposure	equal	to	the	carrying	value	as	at	the	balance	sheet	date.	Where	Serica	operates	joint	ventures	on	behalf	of	partners	it	seeks	to	
recover	the	appropriate	share	of	costs	from	these	third	parties.	The	majority	of	partners	in	these	ventures	are	well	established	oil	and	
gas companies. In the event of non payment, operating agreements typically provide recourse through increased venture shares. Cash 
and	treasury	credit	risks	are	mitigated	through	spreading	the	placement	of	funds	over	a	range	of	institutions	each	carrying	acceptable	
published	credit	ratings	to	minimise	counterparty	risk.	

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

Foreign currency risk

The	Group	enters	into	transactions	denominated	in	currencies	other	than	its	US	dollar	reporting	currency.	Non	US$	denominated	
balances,	subject	to	exchange	rate	fluctuations,	at	year-end	were	as	follows:

Cash and cash equivalents:
Pounds	sterling	
Canadian dollars 
Norwegian	kroner	
Indonesian rupiah 
Euros 

Accounts	receivable:	
Pounds	sterling	

Trade	payables:	
Pounds	sterling	
Canadian	dollars	
Euros 

2011 
US$000 

Company 
2012 
US$000 

2011
US$000

Group 
2012 
US$000 

5,524	
5 
13	
25 
404 

504	
9 
20	
27	
229	

1,264	

2,664 

8,203	
–	
108 

3,116	
1	
83 

5,059	
5 
–	
–	
–	

712 

529	
–	
43 

165
4
–
–
–

1,094

377
1
78

The	following	table	demonstrates	the	Group’s	sensitivity	to	a	10%	increase	or	decrease	in	the	US	Dollar	against	the	Pounds	sterling.	The	
sensitivity	analysis	includes	only	foreign	currency	denominated	monetary	items	and	adjusts	their	translation	at	the	year	end	for	a	10%	
change in the foreign currency rate. 

Increase/decrease in foreign exchange rate 

10%	strengthening	of	US$	against	£GBP	
10%	weakening	of	US$	against	£GBP	

Liquidity risk

  Effect on (loss)  Effect on (loss)
before tax
2011
US$000

before tax 
2012 
US$000 

(141)	
141	

(5)
5

The table below summarises the maturity profile of the Group and Company’s financial liabilities at 31 December 2012 based on 
contractual	undiscounted	payments.	The	Group	monitors	its	risk	to	a	potential	shortage	of	funds	by	monitoring	the	maturity	dates	of	
existing debt.

Group 
year ended 31 December 2012 

Trade	and	other	payables	

Year ended 31 December 2011 

Within 1 year 
US$000 

1 to 2 years 
US$000 

2 to 5 years 
US$000 

Total
US$000

11,677	

–	

–	

11,677

Within 1 Year 
US$000 

1 to 2 years 
US$000 

2 to 5 years 
US$000 

Total
US$000

Trade and other payables 

10,267 

– 

– 

10,267

Company 
year ended 31 December 2012 

Within 1 year 
US$000 

1 to 2 years 
US$000 

2 to 5 years 
US$000 

Total
US$000

Trade	and	other	payables	

1,080	

–	

–	

1,080

66

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
	
	
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended 31 December 2011 

Trade and other payables 

Commodity price risk

Within 1 Year 
US$000 

1 to 2 years 
US$000 

2 to 5 years 
US$000 

Total
US$000

633 

– 

– 

633

During 2011 and 2012, all of the Group’s gas production was sold at fixed contracted prices.

All	condensate	production	was	sold	at	prices	linked	to	the	spot	market,	and	fluctuations	in	condensate	price	will	be	largely	offset	by	
variations in cost recovery.

Fair values of financial assets and liabilities

Set out below is a comparison by category of carrying amounts and fair values of all of the Group’s financial instruments that are carried 
in the financial statements.

Group 

Financial assets
Cash and deposits 
Non-current	financial	assets	
Current financial assets 
Trade	and	other	receivables	*	

Financial liabilities 
Trade	and	other	payables	*	

Company 

Financial assets
Cash and deposits 
Non-current	financial	assets	
Current financial assets 
Trade	and	other	receivables	*	

Financial liabilities 
Trade	and	other	payables	*	

*	at	amortised	cost

Book value 
2012 
US$000 

22,345 
-	
412 
8,492	

2011 
US$000 

19,946 
394	
647 
8,868	

Fair value 
2012 
US$000 

22,345 
-	
412 
8,492	

2011
US$000

19,946
394
647
8,868

(11,677)	

(10,267)	

(11,677)	

(10,267)

Book value 
2012 
US$000 

21,424 
-	
412 
111,435	

2011 
US$000 

19,142 
394	
647 
115,257 

Fair value 
2012 
US$000 

21,424 
-	
412 
111,435 

2011
US$000

19,142
394
647
115,257

(1,080)	

(633)	

(1,080)	

(633)

Fair	values	are	based	on	management’s	best	estimates	after	consideration	of	current	market	conditions.	The	estimates	are	subjective	
and	involve	judgement,	and	as	such	are	not	necessarily	indicative	of	the	amounts	that	the	Group	may	incur	in	actual	market	
transactions. The carrying value of the Group’s and Company’s financial assets and liabilities are assumed to approximate their fair 
values where discounting is not material.

Capital management

The	primary	objective	of	the	Group’s	capital	management	is	to	maintain	appropriate	levels	of	funding	to	meet	the	commitments	of	its	
forward programme of exploration and development expenditure, and to safeguard the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern 
and	create	shareholder	value.	At	31	December	2012,	capital	employed	of	the	Group	amounted	to	US$88.6	million	(comprised	of	US$88.6	
million	of	equity	shareholders’	funds	and	US$nil	million	of	borrowings),	compared	to	US$110.7	million	at	31	December	2011	(comprised	
of	US$110.7	million	of	equity	shareholders’	funds	and	US$nil	of	borrowings).	

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

At	31	December	2012,	capital	employed	of	the	Company	amounted	to	US$146.4	million	(comprised	of	US$146.4	million	of	equity	
shareholders’	funds	and	US$nil	million	of	borrowings),	compared	to	US$146.7	million	at	31	December	2011	(comprised	of	US$146.7	
million	of	equity	shareholders’	funds	and	US$nil	million	of	borrowings).

25.  Equity Share Capital

The	concept	of	authorised	share	capital	was	abolished	under	the	Companies	Act	2006	and	shareholders	approved	the	adoption	of	new	
Articles of Association at the 2010 Annual General Meeting which do not contain any reference to authorised share capital.

The	share	capital	of	the	Company	comprises	one	“A”	share	of	£50,000	and	182,770,310	ordinary	shares	of	US$0.10	each.	The	“A”	share	
has no special rights. 

The	balance	classified	as	total	share	capital	includes	the	total	net	proceeds	(both	nominal	value	and	share	premium)	on	issue	of	the	
Group	and	Company’s	equity	share	capital,	comprising	US$0.10	ordinary	shares	and	one	“A”	share.	

Allotted, issued and fully paid: 

Group 

As	at	1	January	2011	

Options	exercised	(i)	

31	December	2011	

Options	exercised	(ii)	
Shares issued	(iii)	

Share   
capital 
US$000 

Number 

Share 

Total
premium  Share capital
US$000

US$000 

176,570,311	

17,747	

189,910	

207,657

90,000	

9	

36	

45

176,660,311	

17,756	

189,946	

207,702

110,000	
6,000,000	

11	
600	

45	
1,400	

56
2,000

AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2012 

182,770,311 

18,367 

191,391 

209,758

Allotted, issued and fully paid: 

Company 

As	at	1	January	2011	

Options	exercised	(i)	

Share 
capital 
US$000 

Number 

Share  

Total
premium  Share capital
US$000

US$000 

176,570,311	

17,747	

154,638	

172,385

90,000	

9	

36	

45

As	at	31	December	2011	

176,660,311	

17,756	

154,674	

172,430

Options	exercised	(ii)	

Shares issued	(iii)	

110,000	

6,000,000	

11	

600	

45	

1,400	

56

2,000

AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2012 

182,770,311 

18,367 

156,119 

174,486

In	January	2011,	90,000	share	options	were	converted	to	ordinary	shares	at	a	price	of	£0.32.

i)	
ii)	 In	April	2012,	110,000	share	options	were	converted	to	ordinary	shares	at	a	price	of	£0.32.
iii)	In	November	2012,	6,000,000	ordinary	shares	were	issued	to	NAMCOR	as	part	of	the	consideration	for	the	interest	in	the	Luderitz	basin	acquired	in	December	2011.	NAMCOR	had	the	option	to	
take	the	shares	or	US$2	million	in	cash.	The	valuation	of	the	shares	issued	is	based	on	the	cash	alternative	as	value	of	the	equity	alternative	when	the	deal	was	agreed	was	less	than	the	cash	
alternative.	At	31	December	2011	the	US$2	million	was	accrued	within	Trade	and	other	payables.

68

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26.  Additional Cash Flow Information

Analysis of Group net cash

year ended 31 December 2012 

Cash	
Short-term	deposits	

Year ended 31 December 2011 

Cash 
Short-term	deposits	

Analysis of Company net cash

year ended 31 December 2012 

Cash	
Short-term	deposits	

Year ended 31 December 2011 

Cash 
Short-term	deposits	

1 January  
2012 
US$000 

Cash 
flow 
US$000 

Non-cash 
movements 
US$000 

31 December
2012 
US$000

8,546	
11,400	

19,946 

1 January  
2011 
US$000 

9,002 
21,000 
30,002 

5,851	
(3,650)	

2,201 

Cash 
flow 
US$000 

(450) 
(9,600) 
(10,050) 

198	
–	

198 

14,595
7,750

22,345

Non-cash 
movements 
US$000 

31 December
2011 
US$000

(6) 
– 
(6) 

8,546
11,400
19,946

1 January  
2012 
US$000 

Cash 
flow 
US$000 

Non-cash 
movements 
US$000 

31 December
2012 
US$000

7,742	
11,400	
19,142 

1 January  
2011 
US$000 

5,696 
21,000 
26,696 

5,748	
(3,650)	
2,098 

Cash 
flow 
US$000 

2,050 
(9,600) 
(7,550) 

184	
–	
184 

13,674
7,750
21,424

Non-cash 
movements 
US$000 

31 December
2011 
US$000

(4) 
– 
(4) 

7,742
11,400
19,142

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

27.  Share-Based Payments

Share Option Plans

Following	a	Reorganisation	in	2005	(see	note	1),	the	Company	established	an	option	plan	(the	“Serica	2005	Option	Plan”)	to	replace 	
the	Serica	Energy	Corporation	Share	Option	Plan	(the	“Serica	BVI	Option	Plan”).	 The	objective	of	these	plans	is	to	develop	the 	
interest	of	Directors,	officers,	key	employees	and	certain	consultants	of	the	Group	in	the	growth	and	development	of	the	Group	by 	
providing	them	with	the	opportunity	to	acquire	an	interest	in	the	Company	and	to	assist	the	Company	in	retaining	and	attracting 	
executives with experience and ability.

Serica	Energy	Corporation	(“Serica	BVI”)	was	previously	the	holding	company	of	the	Group	but,	following	the	Reorganisation,	is	now	
a	wholly	owned	subsidiary	of	the	Company.	Prior	to	the	Reorganisation,	Serica	BVI	issued	options	under	the	Serica	BVI	Option	Plan 	
and	following	the	Reorganisation	the	Company	has	agreed	to	issue	ordinary	shares	to	holders	of	Serica	BVI	Options	already	awarded 	
upon	exercise	of	such	options	in	place	of	the	shares	in	Serica	BVI	to	which	they	would	be	entitled.	 There	are	currently	options	
outstanding	under	the	Serica	BVI	Option	Plan	entitling	holders	to	acquire	up	to	an	aggregate	of	1,900,000	ordinary	shares	of	the 	
Company.	No	further	options	will	be	granted	under	the	Serica	BVI	option	plan.

As	at	31	December	2012,	the	Company	has	granted	17,732,460	options	under	the	Serica	2005	Option	Plan,	9,058,460	of	which	are 	
currently	outstanding.	The	Serica	2005	Option	Plan	will	govern	all	future	grants	of	options	by	the	Company	to	Directors,	officers,	key 	
employees and certain consultants of the Group. 

The	Serica	2005	Option	Plan	is	comprised	of	two	parts,	the	basic	share	option	plan	and	a	part	which	constitutes	an	Enterprise 	
Management	Incentive	Plan	(“EMI	Plan”)	under	rules	set	out	by	the	H.M.	Revenue	&	Customs	in	the	United	Kingdom.	Options	granted	
under	the	Serica	2005	Option	Plan	can	be	granted,	at	the	discretion	of	the	Board,	under	one	or	other	of	the	two	parts	but,	apart	from 	
certain	tax	benefits	which	can	accrue	to	the	Company	and	its	UK	employees	if	options	are	granted	under	the	part	relating	to	the	EMI	
Plan	meeting	the	conditions	of	that	part	of	the	Serica	2005	Option	Plan,	all	other	terms	under	which	options	can	be	awarded	under 	
either part are substantially identical.

The	Directors	intend	that	the	maximum	number	of	ordinary	shares	which	may	be	utilised	pursuant	to	the	Serica	2005	Option	Plan	will	
not	exceed	10%	of	the	issued	ordinary	shares	of	the	Company	from	time	to	time	in	line	with	the	recommendations	of	the	 Association	
of	British	Insurers.

5,094,690	of	the	9,058,460	options	currently	outstanding	under	the	Serica	2005	Option	Plan	are	exercisable	only	if	certain	performance 	
targets	being	met.	These	include	the	following	options	subject	to	market	conditions;	110,000	options	awarded	to	an	executive 	
director in December 2005, 350,000 options awarded to an executive director in March 2008 and 1,425,000 options awarded to 
executive	directors	in	January	2010.	In	October	2008,	750,000	options	were	awarded	to	an	executive	director	exercisable	only	if 	
certain operational performance targets are met. In April 2011, 200,000 options were awarded to an executive director and 200,000 
options	were	awarded	to	an	employee	exercisable	only	if	certain	operational	performance	targets	are	met.	In	October	2012	a	further	
1,200,000	share	options	under	the	Serica	2005	Option	Plan	were	granted	to	three	executive	directors,	all	of	these	options	are	subject	to 	
performance conditions. Details of the performance conditions attached are provided in the Directors’ Report.

The	Company	calculates	the	value	of	share-based	compensation	using	a	Black-Scholes	option	pricing	model	(or	other	appropriate 	
model	for	those	Directors’	options	subject	to	certain	market	conditions)	to	estimate	the	fair	value	of	share	options	at	the	date	of	
grant. There are no cash settlement alternatives. The estimated fair value of options is amortised to expense over the options’ vesting 
period.	US$570,000	has	been	charged	to	the	income	statement	in	continuing	operations	for	the	year	ended	31	December	2012	(2011 	
–	US$844,000)	and	a	similar	amount	credited	to	the	share-based	payments	reserve,	classified	as	‘Other	reserve’	in	the	Balance 	
Sheet.	US$	nil	has	been	charged	to	the	income	statement	in	discontinued	operations	for	the	year	ended	31	December	2012	(2011	–	
US$203,000).	US$264,000	(2011	–	US$238,000)	of	the	total	continuing	operations	charge	was	in	respect	of	key	management	personnel	
(defined	in	note	9).	

The options granted in 2011 and 2012 were consistently valued in line with the Company’s valuation policy, assumptions made 
included	a	weighted	average	risk-free	interest	rate	of	3%,	no	dividend	yield,	a	weighted	average	expected	life	of	three	years,	and	a 	
volatility	factor	of	expected	market	price	of	50%.	The	weighted	fair	value	of	options	granted	during	the	year	was	£0.11	(2011:£0.11).

70

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

The	following	table	illustrates	the	number	and	weighted	average	exercise	prices	(WAEP)	of,	and	movements	in,	share	options	during 	
the	year:

Serica BVI option plan 

Outstanding	as	at	1	January	
Expired	during	the	year	
Outstanding	as	at	31	December	

Exercisable	as	at	31	December	

Serica 2005 option plan 

Outstanding	as	at	1	January	
Granted	during	the	year	
Exercised	during	the	year	
Cancelled	during	the	year	
Expired	during	the	year	
Outstanding	as	at	31	December	

Exercisable	as	at	31	December	

2012  
Number 

1,900,000	
–	
1,900,000	

1,900,000	

10,183,000	
3,344,960	
(110,000)	
(3,159,500)	
(1,200,000)	
9,058,460	

3,060,000	

2012 
WAEP 
Cdn$ 

1.46	
–	
1.46	

1.46	

£ 

0.75	
0.24	
0.32	
0.81	
0.99	
0.52	

0.73	

2011 
Number 

1,900,000 
–	
1,900,000 

1,900,000 

12,864,500 
450,000 
(90,000) 
(3,041,500) 
–	
10,183,000 

6,655,833 

2011
WAEP
Cdn$

1.46
–	
1.46

1.46

£

0.78
0.31
0.32
0.81
–	
0.75

0.82

The	weighted	average	share	price	at	the	date	of	exercise	for	the	options	exercised	in	2012	is	£0.35	(2011:	£0.40).

The	weighted	average	remaining	contractual	life	of	options	outstanding	as	at	31	December	2012	is	5.8	years	(2011:	5.1	years).

For	the	Serica	BVI	option	plan,	the	exercise	price	for	outstanding	options	at	the	2012	year	end	ranges	from	Cdn$1.00	to	Cdn$2.00 	
(2011:	Cdn$1.00	to	Cdn$2.00).	For	the	Serica	2005	option	plan,	the	exercise	price	for	outstanding	options	at	the	2012	year	end	ranges 	
from	£0.21375	to	£1.04	(2011:£0.31	to	£1.12).

28.  Commitments under Operating Leases

Operating lease agreements where the Group is lessee

At	31	December	2012	the	Group	has	entered	into	commercial	leases	in	respect	of	rental	of	office	premises	and	office	equipment.
Future	minimum	rentals	payable	under	non-cancellable	operating	leases	are	as	follows:

Not	later	than	one	year	
Later	than	one	year	and	not	later	than	five	years	

Group 
2012 
US$000 
146	
–	

2011 
US$000 
538	
140	

Company 
2012 
US$000 
–	
–	

2011
US$000
-
–

146 

678 

–	

–

In February 2013, the Company entered into a new five year office operating lease with a minimum commitment period of one year, 
expiring in April 2014. 

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

71

 
 
 
 
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTINUED

29.  Capital Commitments and Contingencies

At	31	December	2012,	other	amounts	contracted	for	but	not	provided	in	the	financial	statements	for	the	acquisition	of	exploration	and	
evaluation	assets	amounted	to	US$nil	million	for	the	Group	and	US$nil	for	the	Company	(2011:	US$nil	and	US$nil	respectively).	

The	Company	also	has	obligations	to	carry	out	defined	work	programmes	on	its	oil	and	gas	properties,	under	the	terms	of	the	award	of	
rights	to	these	properties.	The	Company	is	not	obliged	to	meet	other	joint	venture	partner	shares	of	these	programmes.

In	the	UK	North	Sea,	the	partners	in	Licence	P1906	(York	Area)	have	obligations	to	acquire	seismic	data	in	the	first	licence	period.	Plans	
are	now	advanced	to	acquire	this	in	2013	and	Serica’s	estimated	40%	paying	share	is	US$1.8	million.

In Morocco, the partners on the Foum Draa licence expect to drill the first exploration commitment well in Q4 2013. The Company is 
carried	for	its	share	of	expenditure	up	to	a	gross	cap	of	US$60	million.	Serica	has	currently	budgeted	to	pay	some	US$3.5	million,	being	
its	paying	share	of	costs	over	and	above	the	agreed	cap	to	the	farm-in	carry.

Under	the	terms	of	the	Company’s	Namibian	licence,	the	value	of	work	performed	in	2012	by	the	JV	partners	on	the	3D	Seismic	
acquisition	programme	has	exceeded	the	minimum	obligation	expenditure	on	exploration	work	of	US$15.0	million	covering	the	entire	
initial four year period of the licence, ending in December 2015. 

Other	less	material	minimum	obligations	include	G&G,	seismic	work	and	ongoing	licence	fees	in	the	UK	and	Ireland.

The	Group	has	to	provide	security	for	a	proportion	of	its	future	obligations	to	defined	work	programmes	or	other	commitments	and	fulfils	
this	obligation	through	the	Company	providing	US$0.4	million	of	cash	collateral	included	as	a	financial	asset	(restricted	cash)	as	at	31	
December	2011	(2011:	US$1.0	million).	

Where the Company enters into financial guarantee contracts and guarantees the indebtedness of other companies within the Group, 
the Company considers these to be insurance arrangements, and accounts for them as such. In this respect, the Company treats the 
guarantee	contract	as	a	contingent	liability	until	such	time	that	it	becomes	probable	that	the	Company	will	be	required	to	make	a	
payment under the guarantee. 

30.  Related Party Transactions and Transactions with Directors

There	are	no	related	party	transactions,	or	transactions	with	Directors	that	require	disclosure	except	for	the	remuneration	items	
disclosed	in	the	Directors	Report	and	note	10	above.	These	disclosures	include	the	compensation	of	key	management	personnel.

The	Company’s	related	parties	consist	of	its	subsidiaries	and	the	transactions	and	amounts	due	to/due	from	them	are	disclosed	in	the	
accompanying notes to the Company financial statements.

31.  Post Balance Sheet Events

In	late	March	2013,	BG	informed	Serica,	as	Operator	of	the	Columbus	field,	that	it	had	decided	not	to	proceed	with	the	construction	
of	the	BLP.	As	a	consequence,	the	Columbus	group	are	obliged	to	review	other	alternatives	for	the	export	of	Columbus	gas	and	liquids	
production.	This	includes	the	possibility	of	the	Columbus	field	being	tied	directly	to	the	Lomond	Platform.	Serica	has	reviewed	this	
option	with	its	partners	and	with	BG	and	all	parties	believe	this	to	be	a	technically	viable	alternative.	The	impact	on	the	Columbus	sub-
sea development programme and timetable would be minimal on this basis but the success of this option depends upon being able to 
agree	reasonable	commercial	terms	in	the	required	time	frame.	Discussions	are	ongoing	but	the	company	is	also	reviewing	several	other	
offtake	options.

72

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

 
GROUP PROVED PLUS PROBABLE RESERVES – UNAUDITED 

Group Proved plus Probable Reserves – Unaudited 

Western Europe 
Oil 
mmbbl 

Indonesia 
Gas 
bcf 

Total 
Oil 
mmbbl 

At	1	January	2012	

Revisions	
Production	

At 31 December 2012 

Proved	developed	
Proved	undeveloped	
Probable	developed	
Probable	undeveloped	

At 31 December 2012 

1.6	

–	
–	

1.6 

–	
0.9	
–	
0.7	

1.6 

23.6	

(0.5)	
–	

23.1 

–	
12.9	
–	
10.2	

23.1 

0.3	

(0.2)	
(0.1)	

0.0 

0.0	
–	
–	
–	

0.0 

Total 
Gas 
bcf 

4.4	

(2.7)	
(1.4)	

0.3 

0.3	
–	
–	
–	

0.3 

Total
Oil 
mmbbl 

1.9	

(0.2)	
(0.1)	

1.6 

0.0	
0.9	
–	
0.7	

1.6 

Gas 
bcf 

28.0	

(3.2)	
(1.4)	

23.4 

0.3	
12.9	
–	
10.2	

23.4 

Oil & gas
mmboe

6.8

(0.9)
(0.4)

5.5

0.1
3.0
–
2.4

5.5

	Proved	and	probable	reserves	are	based	on	independent	reports	prepared	by	consultants	Netherland,	Sewell	&	Associates	(for	the	
Columbus	Field	in	the	UK	North	Sea)	in	accordance	with	the	reserve	definitions	of	the	Canadian	Oil	and	Gas	Evaluation	Handbook.	Gas	
reserves	at	31	December	2012	have	been	converted	to	barrels	of	oil	equivalent	using	a	factor	of	6.0	bcf	per	mmboe	for	Western	Europe	
(Columbus	field	reserves)	on	the	basis	of	a	nominal	gas	calorific	value	of	1,000	BTU	per	cubic	foot.

Proved	and	probable	reserves	for	the	Kambuna	Field	in	Indonesia	in	the	table	above,	as	at	1	January	2012,	are	based	on	independent	
reports	prepared	by	consultants	RPS	Energy	in	accordance	with	the	reserve	definitions	of	the	Canadian	Oil	and	Gas	Evaluation	
Handbook.	Gas	reserves	at	1	January	2012	and	31	December	2012	have	been	converted	to	barrels	of	oil	equivalent	using	a	factor	of	4.8	
bcf	per	mmboe	for	Indonesia	(Kambuna	field	reserves)	on	the	basis	of	a	nominal	gas	calorific	value	of	1,240	BTU	per	cubic	foot.	

In	view	of	the	expected	field	shut-in	and	handover	to	Pertamina	in	Q3	2013,	remaining	economic	hydrocarbon	reserves	as	at	31	
December	2012	are	of	an	immaterial	level,	equating	to	the	estimated	levels	of	declining	production	in	the	remaining	months	of	2013	prior	
to handover. Accordingly no independent reserves audit has been performed in 2012.

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GLOSSARY

bbl	
bcf 
boe		

boepd	
bopd or bpd 
LNG	
LPG	
mcf 
mm bbl 
mmboe	
mmBtu	
mmscfd 
PSC	
Proved	Reserves	

Probable	Reserves	

Possible	Reserves	

Reserves 

Contingent Resources 

Prospective	Resources	

TAC 
tcf 

barrel	of	42	US	gallons
billion standard cubic feet
barrels	of	oil	equivalent	(barrels	of	oil,	condensate	and	LPG	plus	the	heating	equivalent	of	gas	converted	into	
barrels	at	a	rate	of	4,800	standard	cubic	feet	per	barrel	for	Kambuna,	which	has	a	relatively	high	calorific	
value,	and	6,000	standard	cubic	feet	per	barrel	for	Columbus)
barrels	of	oil	equivalent	per	day
barrels of oil or condensate per day
Liquefied	Natural	Gas	(mainly	methane	and	ethane)
Liquefied	Petroleum	Gas	(mainly	butane	and	propane)
thousand cubic feet
million barrels
million	barrels	of	oil	equivalent
million	British	Thermal	Units
million standard cubic feet per day
Production	Sharing	Contract
Proved	reserves	are	those	Reserves	that	can	be	estimated	with	a	high	degree	of	certainty	to	be	recoverable.	
It	is	likely	that	the	actual	remaining	quantities	recovered	will	exceed	the	estimated	proved	reserves.
Probable	reserves	are	those	additional	Reserves	that	are	less	certain	to	be	recovered	than	proved	reserves.	
It	is	equally	likely	that	the	actual	remaining	quantities	recovered	will	be	greater	or	less	than	the	sum	of	the	
estimated	proved	+	probable	reserves.
Possible	reserves	are	those	additional	Reserves	that	are	less	certain	to	be	recovered	than	probable	reserves.	
It	is	unlikely	that	the	actual	remaining	quantities	recovered	will	exceed	the	sum	of	the	estimated	proved	+	
probable	+	possible	reserves
Estimates of discovered recoverable commercial hydrocarbon reserves calculated in accordance with the 
Canadian	National	Instrument	51	101		
Estimates of discovered recoverable hydrocarbon resources for which commercial production is not yet 
assured,	calculated	in	accordance	with	the	Canadian	National	Instrument	51	101
Estimates	of	the	potential	recoverable	hydrocarbon	resources	attributable	to	undrilled	prospects,	calculated	
in	accordance	with	the	Canadian	National	Instrument	51	101
Technical Assistance Contract
trillion standard cubic feet

74

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

CORPORATE INFORMATION

Registered Office
52 George Street 
London	W1U	7EA

Main Office
52 George Street 
London	W1U	7EA

Nominated Adviser & UK Broker
JPMorgan	Securities	Limited
20 Moorgate 
London	EC2R	6DA

Canadian and Joint UK Broker
RBC	Europe	Limited
Riverbank	House
2 Swan Lane
London	EC4R	3BF

Auditor
Ernst	&	Young	LLP
1	More	London	Place	
London SE1 2AF

Bankers
Barclays,	HSBC,	JPMorgan	Chase

UK Legal Adviser
Herbert	Smith	LLP
Exchange House
Primrose	Street	
London EC2A 2HS

Canadian Legal Adviser
Stikeman	Elliott	LLP
Dauntsey House
4B	Frederick’s	Place
London	EC2R	8AB

Company Secretary
Janette	Davies

UK Registrar
Capita Registrars
34	Beckenham	Road	
Kent	BR3	4TU

Canadian Registrar
TMX	Equity	Transfer	Services
200	University	Avenue	
Suite 400 
Toronto 
Ontario	M5H	4H1	

Public Relations
College Hill
The Registry
Royal Mint Court
London	EC3N	4QN

Listings
AIM, London
TSX, Toronto 
Symbol:	SQZ

Website
www.serica-energy.com

Annual General Meeting
27	June	2013
College Hill
The Registry
Royal Mint Court
London	EC3N	4QN
United	Kingdom	

Company Number
5450950

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

75

76

Serica Energy plc Annual Report and Accounts 2012

SERICA ENERGY PLC  HEAD OFFICE  52 GEORGE STREET LONDON  W1U 7EA  UNITED KINGDOM
T +44 (0)20 7487 7300
F +44 (0)20 7487 7330
info@serica-energy.com
www.serica-energy.com