Severn Trent Annual Report 2006

Plain-text annual report

Annual Report and Accounts 2006 A n n u a l R e p o r t a n d A c c o u n t s 2 0 0 6 S e v e r n T r e n t P l c Severn Trent Plc Registered ofﬁce: 2297 Coventry Road Birmingham B26 3PU Telephone: +44 (0)121 722 4000 www.severntrent.com Registered number: 2366619 Contents Quick read Governance 1 Financial highlights 30 Board of directors Group ﬁnancial highlights for 2005/06 Biographical details of the directors 2 At a glance 32 Directors’ report Overview and facts about our businesses Direction 4 Chairman’s statement Sir John Egan comments on Severn Trent’s results, performance and outlook and corporate responsibility 35 Corporate governance report Role of the board, board committees, internal control and risk management 40 Directors’ remuneration report Directors’ emoluments, pensions and service agreements 6 Group Chief Executive’s review Strategic overview, Biffa demerger and operational performance Group ﬁnancial statements 52 Independent auditors’ report 8 Business focuses 53 Consolidated income statement Focus, highlights and outlook for each of Severn Trent’s main businesses 54 Consolidated balance sheet Performance review 16 Water and Sewerage Performance information for Severn Trent Water in 2005/06, and progress on its Ofwat targets for 2005-10 55 Consolidated cash ﬂow statement 56 Consolidated statement of recognised income and expense 57 Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements 18 Waste Management Performance information for Biffa, a review of its market position and a summary of its Collection, Landﬁll, Special Waste and Power Generation activities Company ﬁnancial statements 102 Independent auditors’ report 103 Company balance sheet 20 Laboratories 104 Company statement of total recognised Performance information for STL in the US and UK and overviews of market conditions, outlook and the businesses’ market strategies gains and losses 105 Notes to the company ﬁnancial statements 21 Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Other information Performance information for Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services and an overview of its increasing presence in growth markets 115 Five year summary Comparisons on proﬁt and loss, net assets, dividends and share price 22 Other Businesses Performance information for Severn Trent’s systems and property businesses 116 Information for shareholders Financial calendar, shareholder analysis and company information 23 Corporate responsibility Overview of our corporate responsibility programme, business ethics, environmental impacts and health and safety 26 Financial review Overview of Severn Trent’s results, ﬁnancial position and cash ﬂows 2 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 This document is printed by CTD Sage Print on Mohawk Options 100% PC. The paper is manufactured in accordance with FSC standards from 100% post-consumer recycled waste and is 100% process chlorine free. Only wind energy is used during the papermaking. Both the paper mill and printing involved in this production are environmentally accredited with ISO 14001. Designed and produced by Tayburn. Financial highlights Quick read Group turnover up 13.9% to Group proﬁt before tax up 18.0% to £2,295.0m £270.0m 2005: £2,014.4m 2005: £228.8m Group proﬁt* up 39.5% to £322.4m 2005: £231.1m Earnings per share* up 37.6% to 77.2p 2005: 56.1p * before tax, exceptional items and IAS 39 fair value adjustments (see income statement) * from continuing operations before exceptional items, IAS 39 fair value adjustments and deferred tax (see note 13) > Encouraging group results > New strategy > Dividend raised > Intention to return capital Final dividend 31.97p Total for the year 51.13p Total shareholder return ) £ ( e u a V l 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 31-03-01 31-03-02 31-03-03 31-03-04 31-03-05 31-03-06 Severn Trent Plc FTSE 100 Index This graph shows the value, at 31 March 2006, of £100 invested in Severn Trent on 31 March 2001 compared with the value of £100 invested in the FTSE 100 Index. The other points plotted are the values at intervening ﬁnancial year ends. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 1 Quick read At a glance Group Turnover £2,295.0m Severn Trent is a leading FTSE 100 water group, with revenues of £2.3 billion. 16,312 employees We intend to create value through a strategy that will focus on water. We intend to demerge Biffa by the end of October, increase gearing and return capital to shareholders. By concentrating our efforts on raising standards, customers will receive the beneﬁts of reliable, high quality and cost effective services for clean water and sewerage. You can ﬁnd out more about Severn Trent Plc and the businesses within our group at www.severntrent.com 2 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Quick read Water and Sewerage Waste Management Turnover Turnover Laboratories Turnover £1,150.9m 48.8% of group turnover* £712.3m 30.2% of group turnover* £167.0m 7.1% of group turnover* Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Turnover £267.8m 11.4% of group turnover* 5,188 employees 5,552 employees 2,797 employees 2,425 employees Severn Trent Water provides water and sewerage services to around 3.7 million household and business properties in England and Wales. Biffa is one of the largest integrated waste management companies in the UK. It provides collection, recycling, landﬁll and hazardous waste services to commercial, industrial and local authority customers. Severn Trent Laboratories provides environmental testing services in the UK and the US. From service centres and laboratories across the US and UK, it serves a client portfolio of blue-chip companies. Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services is one of the world’s largest water and wastewater treatment companies. Its operational efﬁciency and investment in technology and product development have delivered an excellent track record of organic growth. Key strengths Key strengths Key strengths Key strengths > Strong and sustained track record in Ofwat efﬁciency and performance assessments > Drinking and wastewater quality consistently above average > Leadership role in its sector and region on climate change adaptation > Excellent record in biodiversity, community investment, and education. > Competitive advantage in commercial and industrial collections > Modern, specialist ﬂeet with high levels of fuel and operational efﬁciency > 35 landﬁll sites throughout the UK, all with ISO14001 certiﬁcation > Excellent special waste capabilities covering hazardous and non-hazardous waste. > Market leaders in the US and UK, with strong brand recognition > Reputation for technical excellence and responsive customer service > Record of innovation and being at the forefront of new markets, such as vapour intrusion > Good progress on major IT projects which will further improve customer service and help us exploit scale. > Strong market position and brand recognition > Strategy of focusing on high margin business opportunities > Continually expanding product and technology base > Emphasis on cost control and operational efﬁciency > Strong product and technology base in growing markets such as arsenic removal and global metering products. For further information please visit www.stwater.co.uk For further information please visit www.biffa.co.uk For further information please visit www.stl-inc.com www.stl-ltd.co.uk For further information please visit www.severntrentservices.com www.stwaterinternational.com * before elimination of intra-group sales Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 3 Direction Chairman’s statement Sir John Egan Chairman We have unveiled a new comprehensive strategy for the Severn Trent group of companies which will have at its heart a focus on water. Our UK integrated waste management business, Biffa, is to be demerged from the Severn Trent group of companies, subject to shareholder approval. The board of Severn Trent Plc ﬁrmly believes that the creation of two separate listed companies, Severn Trent Plc and Biffa Plc, each with dedicated boards and experienced management teams focused on continued strategic and operational development with access to their own capital, will deliver greater beneﬁts to shareholders, customers and employees. Following the proposed demerger Severn Trent Plc is expected to remain the UK’s second largest listed water company and a constituent of the FTSE 100, continuing to focus on delivering investment programmes, improving efﬁciencies and customer service levels. Our strategy also means that Severn Trent Laboratories US is no longer considered a core activity so we shall look to improve its business performance while we consider how to best realise its value for shareholders. Severn Trent Laboratories UK will remain in the group as it plays an important role working with Severn Trent Water. Our Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services business, while a small proportion of the group, is proﬁtable and growing and has synergy with our water business so will be allowed to develop under close management and tight budgetary control. Group results Overall, the Severn Trent group has delivered an encouraging performance in 2005/06, with group proﬁt from continuing operations before tax, IAS 39 fair value adjustments and exceptional items at £322.4 million, an increase of 39.5% and group proﬁt from continuing operations before tax was £270.0 million (£228.8 million), an increase of 18%. The board is proposing a ﬁnal dividend of 31.97 pence (30.30 pence) to be paid on 2 August 2006. This would give a total dividend for the year of 51.13 pence, an increase of 5.4%. Corporate responsibility Our ambition is to make Severn Trent the best water company in the UK and restore the trust of our customers and Ofwat. We are determined that the unacceptable mistakes of 2000-2004, however caused, will not be repeated. We have accepted the conclusions of Ofwat’s interim report concerning allegations of false reporting made against Severn Trent Water in 2004. Ofwat’s interim report found that we had overcharged our customers during 2004/05 and had set prices too high for 2005/10. Our internal investigations and Ofwat’s investigations have been thorough and lengthy, requiring complex judgements. Our judgements have not been identical to Ofwat’s in every aspect, but in the interests of making amends as soon as possible, we concluded it was sensible to proceed by agreement, and have apologised unreservedly. Our new strategy also allows us to become more ﬁnancially efﬁcient by increasing our debt to regulated capital value ratio to 60% by 2010, the start of the next regulatory review period. Having considered Ofwat’s ﬁndings, we agreed that customer accounts should be credited as soon as possible and bills altered appropriately in subsequent years. We also expect to return cash to shareholders, the amount and timing of which is still to be determined. Our Chief Executive, Colin Matthews, outlines in the next two pages the reasons behind our new strategy. As the Ofwat report acknowledges, the board of Severn Trent Plc and the new senior management team started in 2004 to make major changes to organisation structure, to people and to processes and controls. The intense drive to improve Severn Trent Water will continue to be a top priority for its new Managing Director, Tony Wray, and his management team as well as for myself, Colin Matthews and the rest of the Severn Trent Plc board. 4 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Direction As a result of a referral by Ofwat, the Serious Fraud Ofﬁce is undertaking a criminal investigation into alleged reporting irregularities made to Ofwat by Severn Trent Water between 2000 and 2003 concerning leakage. Severn Trent is supporting Ofwat in its review of these allegations and will co-operate fully with the Serious Fraud Ofﬁce. We acknowledge that Ofwat may expect further amends to be made to customers. Ofwat has stated that this penalty will be discussed with Severn Trent Water on completion of the Serious Fraud Ofﬁce investigation into leakage. The board has also provided Ofwat with an interim report into the misreporting of customer relations data over several years. We will co-operate fully with Ofwat to restore conﬁdence in Severn Trent Water going forward. We also welcomed two new non-executive directors, Richard Davey and Bernard Bulkin, from January 2006. Richard, a former Head of Investment Banking for NM Rothschild & Sons, is a non-executive director of Yorkshire Building Society and Amlin Plc. He was appointed senior independent non-executive director and chairman of the Remuneration Committee with effect from 11 June 2006. Bernard is chairman of AEA Technology Plc and is a Commissioner on the UK Sustainable Development Commission. He retired from BP Plc as Chief Scientist in 2003. Fiona Smith joined as General Counsel and Company Secretary in February 2006, having been General Counsel for Transport for London and previously the National Grid Group. She replaced Peter Davies who retired with our best wishes. We have taken, and will continue to take, all actions we think appropriate to ensure the maintenance of both high ethical and professional standards and resilient and effective controls throughout all group companies. We again carried out rigorous board effectiveness reviews with the help of independent consultants, which have generated a number of actions to secure improvements to board performance. Board, management and staff John McAdam, a non-executive director, stepped down from the board in September 2005 after ﬁve years of valued service for which I thank him. I would also thank our dedicated and hard working staff whose commitment during a particularly intense year has ensured we continue to achieve our business objectives. Outlook Our objective over the next four years is to ensure customers in our water businesses get the beneﬁts of high quality and cost effective services while ensuring investors receive an appropriate return. We believe that the newly focused water group will be able to pay a progressive dividend as a consequence. Our dividend policy will therefore be to increase dividends by 3% above RPI inﬂation until 2010. Derek Osborn, a non-executive director, retired from the board in March 2006, after seven years of valuable contributions, particularly concerning environmental issues and I wish him well. Martin Flower, senior independent non-executive director and Deputy Chairman, stood down from the board in June after ten years’ service. I am extremely grateful for his support, particularly in ensuring continuity on the board and support for our new management team. Mark Wilson, Group Finance Director, stood down from the board in December 2005 after ten years at the heart of three regulatory reviews. I am grateful to Mark for his contribution to the group’s success. Mark’s successor as Group Finance Director, Mike McKeon, joined us in December 2005. Formerly Group Finance Director of Novar Plc, the building materials group, Mike worked with Rolls Royce Plc and has had extensive international business experience for CarnaudMetalbox, Elf Atochem and Price Waterhouse. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 5 Direction Group Chief Executive’s review Colin Matthews Group Chief Executive Strategic overview When I took over as Group Chief Executive in February 2005 I said I would concentrate on operational improvements for all our businesses, but particularly Severn Trent Water and Biffa as they account for some 96% of group proﬁt. Since then my new team and I have undertaken the most detailed examination of all aspects of our activities to understand the business drivers so we can be certain of the foundations of our future direction. Focus on water Severn Trent Water is one of the country’s largest water and sewerage companies. The company has great experience and strengths, along with important plans for improvement. By concentrating our efforts on raising standards across the entire business, customers will receive the beneﬁts of reliable, high quality and cost effective services for clean water and sewerage. In addition these strategic changes, particularly the demerger of Biffa, will support a more efﬁcient balance sheet allowing a return of capital to shareholders. We intend to increase group debt to 60% of regulated capital value as soon as practicable after the demerger. The amount, mechanism and timing of any returns will be communicated in due course and will depend on future decisions around the debt structure of the demerged Biffa, pension fund contributions and ﬁnal costs of the demerger. Moreover, these improvements should lead to strong ﬁnancial returns. We believe the group will be able to deliver enhanced growth in dividends, and our new policy will therefore be to increase dividends by 3% above RPI inﬂation through the remainder of the current AMP4 period, that is until 2010. Biffa The most signiﬁcant transaction required to achieve this group transformation is the demerger of Biffa, which was separately announced on 4 April 2006. Biffa is itself a leading business in an attractive market, and we believe that greater shareholder value will be realised by the creation of a separately listed company, focusing all its attention on developing the waste management business. In 2005/06, organic growth within Biffa has been re-ignited and we believe the prospects for the business are strong. We have recently announced Bob Davies as the new chairman for Biffa and we expect the demerger to be completed by the end of October 2006. We will provide further details in due course. Other businesses US Laboratories is no longer regarded as being a core business for the future. US Laboratories is a strong, market leading company engaged in environmental testing. The long term prospects for market growth are good, although the last 2 years have been challenging. We are conﬁdent that the ﬁrm actions already in hand will lead to a recovery in margins, and as we see these results being achieved we will consider the appropriate actions to realise shareholder value. The group announced on 12 May that Biffa Belgium has been sold to Veolia for €45 million. Completion of this sale is expected by the end of June and is subject to Belgian competition clearance. Certain other smaller activities have either already been closed to new business (Haswell), sold (Aseriti) or are being prepared for sale (Severn Trent Property). Being closely associated with water, UK Laboratories and Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services will remain part of the group. Together these business account for some 3% of group proﬁt. Severn Trent post demerger After the demerger Severn Trent will be a focused water group, generating more than 95% of group proﬁts, compared with less than 80% today. It will be the second largest listed UK player in the water industry whose investment proﬁle will generate expectations of growth and attractive returns. Severn Trent management will be able to focus on the regulated water and sewerage business. There will still be other businesses in the group which do have synergies with our core water operations. We shall keep Severn Trent Laboratories UK. There are few competitors capable of supplying Severn Trent Water with the necessary high quality testing service so it is felt appropriate to retain the business. Our Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services business, which includes a UK contract for managing Ministry of Defence sites, is proﬁtable, growing and improving, and has signiﬁcant synergy with the water business and, as it is relatively small, it will not distract management from a focus on water. The creation of a new strategy will allow us to increase our gearing to a more ﬁnancially efﬁcient level while still remaining prudent with an eye on regulatory developments into the next AMP period in 2010 and beyond. 6 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Direction Health and safety I deeply regret to report two fatalities; a Biffa contractor was hit by a Biffa vehicle and a Biffa employee was struck by a car. Biffa management has implemented the most rigorous investigation across all its operations as a result, with an independent audit, and has made signiﬁcant changes to reduce the possibility of such incidents happening again. Overall the Severn Trent group reported a 27.5% reduction in the RIDDOR reportable incident rate per 1,000 employees. Not only is safety important in its own right but it is also important as a broad indication of quality across the group. We will continue to concentrate heavily on improving our safety performance. Water and Sewerage In 2005/06 Severn Trent Water began the ﬁrst year of the AMP4 contract, which covers the period 2005-10. Ofwat has set us exacting efﬁciency targets for this period, and during the year we began to implement the organisational changes necessary to achieve them. Progress was good. We reduced employee numbers; removed management layers in order to improve information ﬂow; reviewed and consolidated ofﬁce accommodation in order to control overheads; and began a programme to streamline our procurement process. We aimed to meet the Ofwat determination overall, getting our costs down to the Ofwat proﬁle in two years. Excluding energy costs we have done rather better than that. However, the current outlook for energy has more than offset that advantage. We will be striving to get back in line with the Ofwat proﬁle. Capital expenditure is more positive. Capex and infrastructure renewals amounted to £434 million. Adjusting for changes agreed with Ofwat, and timing differences, we have generated approximately 6% efﬁciency over and above the determination. We plan to maintain similar out- performance over the rest of AMP4. Waste Management Biffa worked in 2005/06 on a major review of how the UK waste market is developing and Biffa’s position within it, as part of the demerger preparation. We have a competitive advantage in the industrial and commercial collection market, a good position in landﬁll, and excellent special waste capabilities through our treatment centres. Biffa has the potential to develop recycling revenues signiﬁcantly. Biffa enjoys a leading position in a dynamic market place. I suggested a target of 8% for renewed organic growth six months ago, I am pleased that the result, 11%, comfortably beats that. Biffa has a sustainable strong position within the waste industry. We shall use our scale in Collection to deliver improving service and efﬁciencies. We can develop recycling opportunities as the market evolves while carefully managing our pricing and capacity in Landﬁll. Having spent more time in Biffa than when I ﬁrst reported last year, I am convinced that there is a great opportunity to bring about the same ‘process improvement’ revolution that worked through factory environments over recent decades and is now revolutionising service industries. Laboratories Severn Trent Laboratories provides environmental testing services in the US and the UK. In the US, market conditions were challenging in 2005/06. Federal funding for environmental projects continued to be impacted by the diversion of funds to military activities in Iraq and to hurricane relief. In the UK, market conditions were more favourable, with legislation like the Landﬁll Directive creating new business opportunities. Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services The business produced good results in 2005/06, increasing turnover and proﬁts. We maintained our strategy of concentrating on higher margin business and growth markets. Environment I am pleased that the group’s climate change programme has continued to develop over the last 12 months. We have continued to expand renewable energy generation within both Severn Trent Water and Biffa and in July 2005, working with the Carbon Trust, we published a Carbon Management Report which investigated the long term challenges and opportunities that climate change presents for the UK water and waste industries. Outlook Performance at Severn Trent Water has been good in the ﬁrst year of AMP4, with operating costs reduced to within £4 million of the Ofwat determination. The outlook for the coming year is for continuing progress in meeting and improving on the AMP4 contract for operating costs across most areas of performance, with an additional £5 million to £10 million of savings identiﬁed. However, the industry faces a signiﬁcant challenge with rising energy prices. At present, the outlook for energy prices in 2006/07 mean that increased costs in this area are expected to impact Severn Trent Water by around £25 million. In relation to capital expenditure, we aim to maintain around 6% efﬁciency out performance over the remaining AMP4 period. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 7 Direction Water and Sewerage Severn Trent Water 8 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Focus 2005/06 was the ﬁrst year of the AMP4 contract. We began work to deliver our ﬁve year £2.6 billion capital investment programme, to maintain and improve water supply and quality, sewage treatment and to meet our other regulatory targets for 2005-10. Direction Laying the groundwork to improve efﬁciencies and make investments necessary to achieve ambitious targets Highlights Outlook > Turnover up 13.4% to £1,150.9 million > We implemented organisational changes that will cut overheads and increase efﬁciency > We appeared in the top category in the DWI’s water quality tables for the eighth successive year After good progress on the ﬁrst year of the AMP4 programme, we are on track to meet our regulatory obligations for 2005-10. The organisational changes, cost controls and improved procurement procedures we introduced during 2005/06 will help us deliver those obligations and achieve our targets. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 9 Direction Waste Management Biffa Strength and scale to take advantage of emerging opportunities in a growing marketplace Focus Biffa undertook a major review of the UK market and its market position in 2005/06. This conﬁrmed its strengths in commercial/ industrial collection, landﬁll, and special waste treatment. It also showed good scope for developing recycling revenues. 10 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Direction Highlights Outlook > Turnover up 13.2% to £712.3 million > New national accounts in Collection with well known brands and chains > Rising unit revenues in Landﬁll > Increased renewable energy generation capacity Severn Trent Plc announced its intention to demerge Biffa in 2006. A dedicated board and access to its own capital will provide Biffa with a strong platform for maintaining its record of solid organic growth and serving customers. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 11 Direction Laboratories STL Developing a competitive edge and improving standards for a challenging environment Focus Highlights Severn Trent Laboratories continued to focus on service standards, cost controls and operating efﬁciency in 2005/06 in the US and the UK. We also continued to seek out and maximise new opportunities and markets in environmental testing. > Turnover up 7.7% to £32.3 million in the UK business > Strong activity in air testing in the US and contaminated soils testing in the UK > New laboratory project in Ecuador and an acquisition in New Orleans in 2005/06 12 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Direction Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 13 Outlook Good market conditions in the UK look likely to continue, and we expect growth in some market sectors in the US. Severn Trent Laboratories’ reputation for service and innovation should help it compete strongly in those areas. Direction Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Focus Both divisions of the Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services business have produced good results in 2005/06. Strong market position and brand recognition combined with an emphasis on cost control and operational efﬁciency puts the business at the forefront of emerging markets. Delivering good results with a clear focus on higher margin business in growth markets 14 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Direction Highlights Outlook > Turnover up 28.7% to £267.8 million > Large contracts in the Middle East to supply domestic water meters > 2005/06 was the ﬁrst year of the 25 year, £1 billion PFI contract with the UK’s Ministry of Defence There are good growth prospects across the Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services business. Positive market conditions are expected to continue and we believe we have the reputation, expertise and technology base to capitalise on those opportunities. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 15 Performance review Review of operations Water and Sewerage Tony Wray Managing Director, Severn Trent Water Performance Turnover Proﬁt* 2006 £m 2005 £m 1,150.9 400.4 1,015.1 307.5 % 13.4 30.2 *Before interest, tax and exceptional items (see note 4) Health and safety Proﬁt before interest, tax and exceptional items was up 30.2% to £400.4 million. This was after a provision for £10.6 million, the expected cost relating to 2005/06 and prior years of the agreement made with Ofwat to credit each customer account during 2006/07, following the regulator’s interim report of 7 March 2006. Improving the efﬁciency of the business In 2005/06 Severn Trent Water began the ﬁrst year of the AMP4 contract, which covers the period 2005-10. 23% improvement in RIDDOR* reportable injuries Ofwat has set us exacting efﬁciency targets for this period, and during the year we began to implement the organisational changes necessary to achieve them. 2005/06 2004/05 36 47 *RIDDOR – Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations Water quality Overall compliance with drinking water quality 99.96% 2004/05 99.94% Severn Trent Water met its ﬁnancial targets for the year 2005/06. Turnover increased by 13.4% to £1,150.9 million. The allowed increase in charges for 2005/06, including inﬂation, was 15.2%. In reviewing our prices, Ofwat takes account of: > The need to maintain existing standards of our products and services > Our levels of compliance with standards achieved over the last ﬁve years > The need to secure our water resources in the event of prolonged dry weather conditions > Areas of concern identiﬁed by customers as being of highest priority > All new legislation affecting drinking water and environmental improvements > The need to provide a reasonable return for our investors > The affordability of our proposed plans Progress was good. We reduced employee numbers; removed management layers in order to improve information ﬂow; reviewed and consolidated ofﬁce accommodation in order to control overheads; and began a programme to streamline our procurement processes. The last of those measures involves establishing long term relationships with a reduced number of suppliers, incentivising them to make continuous improvements, and standardising designs where possible. We also carried out two major in-sourcing projects. At the end of 2004/05, Severn Trent Plc announced that the Haswell engineering consultancy business would cease bidding for external work, and engineers working on our AMP4 programme would be absorbed into Severn Trent Water. In addition, some 270 staff from Aseriti transferred to Severn Trent Water, bringing our IT systems activities in- house. In both cases, the transitions progressed smoothly, and we are seeing beneﬁts from bringing engineering and IT expertise back into the business. Working towards AMP4 targets Our contract for 2005-10 includes a capital investment programme of approximately £2.6 billion. This includes: > more than £400 million on maintaining water supplies > £150 million on improving drinking water quality > around £850 million on maintaining and improving river quality > more than £350 million improving sewers and dealing with sewer ﬂooding Our focus in the ﬁrst year was to implement the new procurement and supply chain processes that we will use in the programme, and to mobilise the 900 projects that we are due to manage. Net capital expenditure, excluding spending on infrastructure maintenance, was £305 million for the year. 16 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Performance review Severn Trent Water management have focused on improving quality of operations and strengthening and streamlining internal controls The one area of the AMP4 contract where our 2005/06 results were disappointing was leakage. The dry summer of 2005 contributed to this performance, causing higher than average levels of burst pipes. Reported actual leakage has increased by approximately 17 Megalitres per day, 3% greater than 2004/05. We have now increased the resources dedicated to detection and reduction of leakage, and we believe that, by the end of the AMP4 period, we can reduce our leakage ﬁgures to below the target level set by Ofwat. We own and operate over 1,000 sewage treatment works treating the wastewater from the equivalent of over 10 million people. The discharges from all except the very smallest of these works are the subject of stringent quality testing. During 2005/06 99.86% of those works complied with the important regulatory sanitary standards. This is, and has always been, at or close to the best level of compliance in the industry. Serving our customers Customers’ views gathered in market research have been used extensively in the development of our strategy. This research has been in place for over a decade and includes regular tracking of customers’ attitudes and opinions every six months. Our customers tell us that their top priority is the safety and reliability of their drinking water. In July 2005, the Drinking Water Inspectorate’s (DWI) league table on water quality again showed that Severn Trent Water is achieving a quality level above the industry average. This is the eighth successive year that we have appeared in the top category. The DWI also praised the accessibility of water quality information on Severn Trent Water’s website. Despite a dry summer, we maintained water supply to our customers across the whole of our region, and did not need to impose hosepipe bans. Water levels in our reservoirs were good at the year-end. We continued to promote water efﬁciency among domestic and business customers. Since evidence suggests that dry years are likely to become more frequent, our AMP4 programme includes measures to improve security of water supply, and to make sure that we have sufﬁcient water resources to meet customers’ future needs. We also understand that customers feel that improvements to drainage, in order to prevent ﬂooding of properties by our sewers, are important. Our commitment for the AMP4 period is to achieve a net reduction of 158 in the number of properties at risk of ﬂooding from our sewers more than once in ten years. Our programme of works to permanently reduce the risk of internal and external ﬂooding will beneﬁt an estimated 1,300 properties. In 2005/06 we continued to implement our new customer service technologies: the TARGET billing system and ICE (Improving Customer Experience). The roll-out of the systems coincided with the price rises introduced at the start of the AMP4 period, and this increased the levels of customer contacts and complaints we received. This proved challenging at times, but we did succeed in transferring all our customers to the new system and we are satisﬁed that it is serving them well. In March 2006, the Ofwat interim report into allegations of false reporting found that we had overcharged our customers during 2004/05 and had set prices too high for 2005-10. Immediately following the report, we apologised unreservedly to all our customers. We have agreed with Ofwat a mechanism for rebating them, and we had already voluntarily proposed to raise prices by £7 million less than allowed under the 2006/07 price limits. Ofwat measures the service that we provide to customers by a series of indicators known as DG2 to DG9. These cover: water supply pressure, interruptions and restrictions; sewer ﬂooding problems; speed of response to three types of contact with customers; and the proportion of metered customers who receive a bill based on an actual meter reading. Further details, along with the levels of service for the water industry can be found in the Ofwat annual report on www.ofwat.gov.uk. At the end of February 2006, we also began an investigation into misreporting of customer relations data to Ofwat. The data concerns the handling of customer billing queries and telephone contacts over several years. We have kept Ofwat fully informed on the progress of the investigation. Corporate responsibility There is a strong focus on corporate responsibility (CR) in Severn Trent Water, and the tangible results of this in 2005/06 included energy management and generation programmes; support for community and education projects; progress on our Biodiversity Action Plan; and improvements to our health and safety performance. More details on Severn Trent Water’s CR programme can be found in the corporate responsibility section of this report. Outlook In 2005/06 Severn Trent Water made a good start to AMP4. Although it is too early, after just one year of the ﬁve year period, to forecast our eventual performance on the contract, we are conﬁdent about our ability to control operating costs and deliver our ﬁve year capital programme. We believe we are on track to deliver the AMP programme and meet our regulatory obligations. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 17 Performance review Review of operations Waste Management Performance Turnover Proﬁt* *Before interest and tax 2006 £m 712.3 89.2 2005 £m 629.5 78.9 % 13.2 13.1 Martin Bettington Managing Director, Biffa Power generation Turnover up 32.2% to £18.9 million Biffa had another year of good organic growth in 2005/06. Turnover in the UK was £712.3 million, up 13.2%. In the UK, proﬁt before interest, tax and exceptional items was 13.1% higher than 2004/05, at £89.2 million. Collection Biffa has one of the largest waste collection networks in the UK, with over 65 depots and more than 1,600 vehicles. We collect 3.5 million tonnes of waste each year from about 80,000 industrial and commercial customers and from over 1 million households, which include two fully integrated waste management contracts under the Private Finance Initiative with Isle of Wight and Leicester City Councils. The industrial and commercial collection business grew strongly in 2005/06, and the division secured a number of new national accounts across various market sectors including retail, leisure and ﬁnance. New accounts included well known high-street names such as Sainsbury’s, DSG International plc (Currys, PC World, The Link and Dixons) and Boots. Our ability to provide nationwide coverage and bespoke recycling services was instrumental in several of these contract wins. 18 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 There were new contract wins in the municipal sector too. Biffa won a recycling contract for 56,000 properties in Bridgend, Wales; and a three year contract with Vale of Glamorgan, covering the managing and processing of recyclable materials and servicing ‘bring banks’. Biffa’s contract with South Staffordshire was extended for a further six years. Biffa worked with its local authority customers to help them meet their targets on value, efﬁciency and recycling. For example, in Burnley, Mole Valley, South Shropshire, South Staffordshire and Woking, this took the form of introducing alternative weekly and fortnightly collections incorporating green waste and dry waste collection services. Gross turnover in the Collection division was £429.0 million, up 14.8%. Proﬁt before interest and tax was £60.1 million, up 16.5%. Industrial and commercial margins remained ﬁrm, and absorbed cost increases arising from the Road Transport Directive, which came into force in 2005. This restricted the number of hours that drivers can work, and led us to renegotiate pay structures with our drivers. Landﬁll Government targets on diversion from landﬁll are reducing the amount of waste going to landﬁll, and landﬁll volumes were down 8.2% in 2005/06. However, unit revenues from landﬁll rose, with the result that turnover in the Landﬁll division was up 14.3% to £302.8 million. Proﬁt before interest and tax was up 2.8% to £40.8 million. The Landﬁll division continued to take advantage of new market opportunities in 2005/06. In 2004/05 Biffa formed a strategic alliance with Biogenie Site Remediation to remove and treat contaminated soil from brownﬁeld construction sites. Following that alliance, we opened our ﬁrst soil facility at Risley, Warrington in November 2005, and we plan to open two further facilities in the south-east of England. Initial tonnages at Risley were encouraging. In addition, during 2005/06 Biffa’s composting sites accepted approximately 47,000 tonnes of green waste. Biffa won its ﬁrst signiﬁcant landﬁll contract in Northern Ireland in early 2006. The new Cottonmount II landﬁll site will receive over 700,000 tonnes of waste over an initial 29 month period from the Arc21 partnership, a group of 11 Northern Irish councils. We also won a four year disposal contract with Warwickshire County Council. Performance review Biffa is well positioned in the largest and most attractive market segments Special Waste Biffa’s Special Waste division provides a range of services and technologies for managing hazardous waste streams. One of the biggest changes affecting the Special Waste division in 2005/06 was the entry into force of the EU Hazardous Waste Regulations in July 2005. As a result of the legislation, many companies had to register as hazardous waste producers for the ﬁrst time, and our Special Waste division set up a helpline and registration service to assist them. Turnover in Special Waste was up 5.1% in 2005/06, to £49.2 million. Proﬁt before interest and tax was £1.9 million, up 18.8%. Power Generation Gross turnover from power generation was up 32.2% to £18.9 million and proﬁt before interest and tax was up 47.1% to £7.5 million. The division, which uses landﬁll gas to generate electricity, is a signiﬁcant provider of renewable energy in the UK. During 2005/06 we added new power generation capacity at a number of sites, bringing total generation capacity up to 108MW, compared with 101MW at March 2005. Belgium On 12 May 2006 the group agreed to sell Biffa Belgium to Veolia for €45 million. The transaction is conditional upon clearance from the Belgian competition authorities and is expected to complete before the end of June 2006. Biffa Belgium has been classiﬁed as a discontinued operation. Its turnover in 2005/06 was £58.4 million (£66.7 million) and its loss before interest and tax was £4.1 million (proﬁt £3.3 million). Corporate responsibility I deeply regret to report two fatalities; a Biffa contractor was hit by a Biffa vehicle and in a separate incident a Biffa employee died after being struck by a car. We have implemented the most rigorous investigations and made signiﬁcant changes to reduce the possibility of such incidents happening again. An awareness of Biffa’s duty towards the environment, our workforce and the communities around our sites is embedded in our operations and culture. Evidence of that awareness in 2005/06 included renewable energy generation activities; an energy efﬁciency programme in ﬂeet; and community and education activities. As in 2004/05, we have continued to run a company wide health and safety culture change programme, involving all employees. The importance of health and safety initiatives was recognised with the introduction this year of the Biffa health and safety awards scheme, which acknowledged employees’ contributions to making their working environment a safer place. We have also improved communication of health and safety issues including the distribution of several new videos and DVDs covering alcohol and drugs misuse awareness, manual handling and employees talking about the effect an incident has made on their lives. Several Biffa employees were also recognised through the group Health and Safety Champions Awards, with a Biffa employee winning the Overall Champion award. His idea for developing a simpler and safer operating technique has been applied across the business. More details on Biffa’s CR programme can be found in the corporate responsibility section of this report. Outlook At the end of the 2005/06 ﬁnancial year, the board of Severn Trent Plc announced its intention to demerge Biffa in the UK by the end of 2006. This was based on the belief that the creation of a separately listed company, Biffa Plc, would deliver greater beneﬁts to shareholders, customers and employees. Biffa will continue to guide our customers through the requirements of new EU and UK legislation. As one of the UK’s leading waste management businesses, we will also continue to beneﬁt from scale and development opportunities. During 2005/06 the business undertook a major review of how the UK waste market is developing and Biffa’s position within it. The review indicated that we have a competitive advantage in the industrial and commercial collection market, a good position in landﬁll, and excellent special waste capabilities through our treatment centres. It also showed that Biffa can develop recycling revenues signiﬁcantly. Our strengths in collection, landﬁll and special waste are a strong basis for delivering our strategy of organic growth, both before and after the demerger. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 19 Performance review Review of operations Laboratories Rachel Brydon Jannetta President and CEO, STL Signiﬁcant progress on laboratory IT systems standardisation Performance Turnover Proﬁt* *Before interest and tax 2006 £m 167.0 11.1 2005 £m 162.6 15.2 % 2.7 (27.0) In 2005/06, market conditions in the US were very difﬁcult for Severn Trent Laboratories (STL). Federal funding for environmental projects was impacted by the continued rise in the federal deﬁcit as well as the diversion of funds to military activities outside of the US, whilst the worst hurricane season on record took STL’s environmental consulting clients away from their normal scope of work to engage in hurricane relief and repair efforts. These factors led to serious price erosion which impacted proﬁt margins. In the UK, market conditions were more favourable, exempliﬁed by the Landﬁll Directive legislation which created new business opportunities. Around 81% of Severn Trent Laboratories’ turnover derives from the US, so the 2005/06 results were affected by the challenging market conditions described above. Turnover in the US increased by 1.6% to £134.7 million, and proﬁt before interest and tax was down 43.3% to £5.9 million. Market strategy In the US STL continues to pursue a long term strategy centred around service excellence. Coupled with tight cost controls and continued operating efﬁciency improvements, STL will work to rebuild the margin shortfall. A programme of cost reductions took place in 2005/06 and this will beneﬁt performance in 2006/07 and beyond. STL continued to implement a new Information Management System in the US, which will bring all locations onto a single IT platform. This will help exploit STL’s unmatched scale in the US market, further improve service by reducing project turn- around times, and improve the delivery of complex electronic data. The system has been rolled out to more than half of the US laboratories. In 2005 STL set up a new laboratory for a major US client in Ecuador. This facility will enable STL to address local testing needs, and also gives STL the potential to expand activities in South America if suitable opportunities are identiﬁed. US markets Whilst the general market picture in the US is challenging, speciﬁc areas remain vibrant. There is strong activity in the air testing market, and, within that, there are good opportunities in vapour intrusion testing. There are also good growth prospects in sediment testing related to harbour/port clean-up and transportation infrastructure. In 2005/06 STL started work on a large $2.5 million sediment testing project on the New Orleans Harbour, and though work on this was interrupted by Hurricane Katrina, it is expected to resume in 2006/07. The New Orleans Harbour project was not the only aspect of STL work affected by the severe hurricane season of 2005. STL has six laboratories within the hurricane belt of the southern US, and all experienced problems related to hurricane activity such as disruptions to power supply and reduced sample collection and delivery activity. However, following the experience of the previous year, STL had contingency plans in place, and these did help to address the impact of the hurricanes on STL business activities. STL also decided to expand its base in New Orleans, by acquiring the business of Environmental Analytical Services Inc. This facility will enable STL to better support clients affected by last year’s hurricanes in the gulf coast region. In the UK market conditions were more favourable. Turnover was up by 7.7% to £32.3 million and proﬁt before interest and tax was up 8.3% to £5.2 million. The UK business is strongly focused on the testing of samples from UK water clients including Severn Trent Water but STL also saw strong demand for contaminated soils testing, arising from the provisions of the Landﬁll Directive. STL created a dedicated Waste Acceptance Criteria laboratory at its site in the Midlands. This helps waste producers comply with the UK’s Waste Acceptance Criteria, which also arise from the Landﬁll Directive. Outlook We do not expect any major increase in US federal environmental budgets in 2006/07, nor do we expect signiﬁcant growth in sectors that are driven by regulation. However, we have positive expectations about continuing growth in certain segments of the market including air testing and vapour intrusion, as well as testing for sediments and endocrine disrupters. We also have positive expectations for continued growth in the sale of groundwater sampling equipment and remediation pumps through STL’s US subsidiary QED Environmental Systems and expect strong market conditions in the UK soils testing market to continue. 20 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Review of operations Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Performance review Len Graziano President and CEO, Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services The Water Puriﬁcation market will continue to grow, both in the US and UK, and in the developing world Performance Turnover Proﬁt* 2006 £m 267.8 12.0 2005 £m 208.1 8.9 % 28.7 34.8 *Before interest, tax and exceptional items (see note 4) Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services’ divisions both produced good results in 2005/06, increasing turnover and proﬁts. Both divisions maintained their strategy of concentrating on higher margin business and growth markets. Turnover in Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services was up by 28.7% to £267.8 million. Around 62% of that arose in the US. Proﬁt before interest, tax and exceptional items increased to £12.0 million, a rise of 34.8%. The impact of exchange rates on the ﬁgures was immaterial. Alongside the business concentration on achieving organic growth in 2005/06 was an intense focus on health and safety performance. Water Puriﬁcation The Water Puriﬁcation division’s turnover rose by 14.7% in 2005/06 to £104.1 million. Proﬁt before interest, tax and exceptional items was up 11.2%. These ﬁgures now include turnover and proﬁt from the Metering Services business, formerly part of the Operating Services division. Metering Services performed well in 2005/06. Two trends made a major contribution to this: in the UK we saw rising demand for domestic meter installation; and in the Middle East we won large contracts in Abu Dhabi and Qatar to supply our SmartMeter™ domestic meters. Performance in the other businesses within the Water Puriﬁcation division was slightly down on the previous year although they had some success, in particular the ﬁltration and electro-chlorination business. Arsenic removal is a growing market for Severn Trent Services, and our partnership with Lanxess on SORB 33® arsenic removal technology and Bayoxide® E33 arsenic removal media gives us a strong market position. In 2005/06 we were delighted to have reached agreement on the extension of our partnership with Lanxess on arsenic removal in the industrial and municipal water sector for another ﬁve years. We expect to see further opportunities in arsenic removal, not just in our existing markets in the US and Europe, but in new markets like India. In parts of the US, new regulations on ballast water will come into force in 2006/07, and there are good commercial opportunities ahead. In January 2006, Severn Trent De Nora’s BalPure system was the ﬁrst commercial product to be selected by the US Coast Guard and the US Environmental Protection Agency for validation at the Naval Research Laboratory Ballast Water Treatment Testing Facilities in Florida. Operating Services This division comprises our Contract Operations business, which carries out operating and maintenance contracts in the US; our Pipeline Services business; and Severn Trent Water International (STWI), which provides management and consultancy services in Europe and the developing world. Turnover in this division was up 39.6% to £163.8 million. Proﬁt before interest, tax and exceptional items was up 67.2%. These ﬁgures include Coast to Coast Water (C2C), the 25-year, £1 billion PFI contract with the UK Ministry of Defence, which commenced on 30 March 2005. In the Contract Operations business in the US, we saw some signiﬁcant contract wins and extensions. We also secured a three year contract in Jordan, in the Middle East, our ﬁrst contract in the region. Contract Operations continues to beneﬁt from market conditions in the US, where tight ﬁscal constraints mean that states and municipalities are looking to outsourcing and public private partnership solutions for improving operational performance. On 2 June 2006 we signed heads of terms to sell our interest in Aquaﬁn NV to the Flemish Government for approximately £30 million. The sale is expected to be completed in July 2006. Outlook There are good growth prospects across all of Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services’ businesses. The Water Puriﬁcation market will continue to grow, both in the US and UK, and in the developing world. Our product technologies and strong brand recognition will help us compete vigorously in that market. We also plan to increase our direct presence in the global marketplace, expanding our sales and distribution channels. In Operating Services, we expect the positive market conditions to continue. We have a strong position in the operating and maintenance contracts market, and we intend to capitalise on that position and grow our business further. We also expect to see good results coming from the Coast to Coast contract in the UK, which will grow in terms of both importance and size. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 21 Performance review Review of operations Other Businesses The group has continued to rationalise its other activities Other Businesses’ turnover was down 31.2% to £59.7 million (£86.8 million). They incurred a loss before interest, tax and exceptional items of £3.5 million (proﬁt of £7.0 million). There were no signiﬁcant property transactions contributing to proﬁt in 2005/06. After exceptional restructuring costs of £3.1 million (£3.8 million) Other Businesses incurred a loss before interest and tax of £6.6 million (proﬁt of £3.2 million). Systems The termination of external sales of the UK IT service business, which was announced in last year’s preliminary announcement, was completed and this business is now refocused entirely to provide solutions to internal group companies. The group’s remaining Systems businesses were sold to Logica in February 2006. Property During the year, Severn Trent Property sold its interest in the Tournament Fields ofﬁce scheme at Warwick and the remaining land at the Direct 2, Oldbury, West Midlands, both realising an acceptable proﬁt. At Daventry International Rail Freight Terminal, where planning permission has been granted for a further 2 million sq ft, work continues on infrastructure design and costing. Marketing of the site will begin shortly, with the aim of securing substantial pre-lettings before construction work commences. At Midpoint Park in Birmingham, a site of 90 acres owned by Severn Trent Water, a resolution to grant planning permission has been issued by Birmingham City Council. Formal consent should be issued shortly and initial infrastructure works will then commence. Following a strategic review it has been decided that Severn Trent’s Property business is a non-core business and a sale process has recently commenced. Engineering Consultancy The group’s Engineering Consultancy business has ceased taking on new external business but will complete existing contracts. Its expertise has been transferred to Severn Trent Water to support that company’s capital programme. Insurance Derwent Insurance, Severn Trent’s captive insurer provides insurance cover to Severn Trent group companies. 22 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Review of operations Corporate responsibility Severn Trent Plc’s corporate responsibility (CR) programme focuses on delivering environmental improvements, and making a positive difference to the social and economic welfare of our communities. The programme is steered by Severn Trent’s Corporate Responsibility Committee, chaired by the Group Chief Executive. A set of detailed policies and targets deﬁnes how the group’s CR vision and values are incorporated into our business activities. The vision, values and current targets are set out in detail on Severn Trent’s website. In 2005 Severn Trent was named as the utilities sector leader in the Dow Jones Sustainability World Index for the ﬁfth consecutive year. The ranking acknowledges Severn Trent’s sustainability leadership and our determination to deliver high-quality environmental services in a responsible manner. The key performance indicators presented in the graphs and tables in this CR section have been independently veriﬁed by Acona as part of our CR veriﬁcation programme. Business ethics Corporate responsibility starts with getting core business standards right. In this regard we faced a signiﬁcant challenge in 2005 in the form of our own, and Ofwat’s investigations, into allegations made against Severn Trent Water in 2004 of false reporting of regulated data. The investigations found evidence of a limited number of staff who became aware of wrong behaviour but did not raise any concerns, and we accept that this was partly due to weaknesses in Severn Trent Water’s system of controls, culture and business ethics at that time. With the arrival of the new management team at Severn Trent Water in 2004 and 2005, we have been strengthening internal processes, controls, ethics and culture. As a result of a comprehensive review of all Severn Trent Water’s business activities we are undertaking a further investigation into misreporting of customer relations data to Ofwat. The ongoing change programme within Severn Trent Water includes promoting a culture based on openness and evaluation of all aspects of performance, bad as well as good, where every member of staff practises proper business ethics. We have developed a new group policy on ethical behaviour at work, which includes mechanisms and safeguards for whistle blowing, to support the revised Code of Conduct. We will continue our efforts to review and improve Severn Trent’s culture and ethics in 2006/07 and beyond. Performance review Environment Severn Trent’s greatest environmental impacts are related to climate change and resource management. In 2005/06 we continued to drive forward our responsible management of those impacts. Targets for each of these areas are detailed on our website. Severn Trent was named as the utilities sector leader in the Dow Jones Sustainability World Index for the ﬁfth consecutive year The waste and water sectors are signiﬁcant emitters of greenhouse gases. The majority of Severn Trent’s greenhouse gas emissions, measured as carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent, arise from methane emissions from landﬁlls, indirect emissions from purchased electricity and emissions from transport. Our work to control these includes improving landﬁll gas capture, a comprehensive review of energy efﬁciency within Severn Trent Water, and the introduction of biodiesel to Biffa’s transport ﬂeet. We reduce net emissions by generating renewable energy, and in 2005/06 we continued to expand generation capacity. At the end of March 2006, installed generating capacity at Biffa’s sites was 108MW, compared to 101MW at March 2005. Severn Trent Water also increased its energy generation capacity, from 27MW at March 2005, to 28MW a year later. Group renewable energy generation increased by 13.6% 2005/06 2004/05 691,668 MWh 608,779 MWh Data is for sites under group control. 2004/05 data is restated. Severn Trent aims to lead the policy debate on climate change in the waste and water industries. In 2005 we published the Carbon Management Report, describing the results of the carbon management study we undertook with the support of the Carbon Trust. The study developed a set of projections for our greenhouse gas emissions through to 2020, with the aim of improving our understanding of future emissions trends, and priority areas we need to address. We face a challenge to control emissions in the future due to the requirements of environmental legislation such as recycling targets and the Water Framework Directive. The full Carbon Management Report appears on our website. In 2005/06 we subsequently worked on two further studies to improve our control of net emissions, again with the support of the Carbon Trust. The ﬁrst looked at how Severn Trent might explore other renewables technologies in order to reduce net emissions, and this has fed into our business planning processes. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 23 Performance review Review of operations Corporate responsibility continued Key sources of greenhouse gas emissions (CO2 equivalent) Proportion of waste recycled or recovered by Biffa was 12.2% in 2005/06 Million tonnes CO2e 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 -0.5 1.63 1.53 0.37 0.36 Methane from landﬁll (Biffa) Electricity use (Severn Trent Water) 0.12 0.13 Transport (Biffa) Offset by energy generation (group) -0.26 -0.30 Million tonnes 10 8.77 8.05 8 6 4 2 0 1.13 1.12 Total waste Landﬁlled at Biffa’s sites Waste recycled or recovered by Biffa 2004/2005 2005/2006 2004/2005 2005/2006 The second investigated the potential greenhouse gas emissions and related energy cost implications of different technology choices for water and waste treatment. In analysing our long term investment choices in the context of greenhouse gas emissions, we aim to put climate change at the very heart of our business. Adaptation is the other theme of Severn Trent’s climate change programme. Severn Trent Water took a leading role in Sustainability West Midlands’ Climate Change Partnership, helping the West Midlands to understand and adapt to the potential impacts arising from climate change. Biffa completed a series of adaptation workshops in 2005/06, assessing how climate change could affect key areas of the business. Our work on resource management focuses on two principal elements: reducing our own consumption of natural resources and helping our customers manage resources, through activities like recycling. Reducing leakage is an important part of both our own and our customers’ management of resources. In our corporate responsibility report published later this year and following the June Return to Ofwat, we will provide a breakdown of demand and leakage for Severn Trent Water. We will also outline our work with domestic and industrial customers and our education programme to improve water conservation. Biffa handled 1.12 million tonnes of solid waste for recycling and recovery, 12.2% of the total amount of solid waste directly disposed of. Developments in 2005/06 included extending commercial glass collections nationwide, and increasing composting activities. Both Severn Trent Water and Biffa continued to expand their Biodiversity Action Plans in 2005/06. Workplace As described earlier, we devoted considerable management time to workplace ethics in 2005/06, working to entrench a culture of openness and honesty. Alongside that, we continued a rigorous programme to improve health and safety performance across the group. Tragically, the importance of health and safety was underlined by two fatalities; a Biffa contractor was hit by a Biffa vehicle and a Biffa employee was struck by a car. Biffa management has implemented the most rigorous investigation and made signiﬁcant changes to reduce the possibility of such incidents happening again. Among a wide range of measures implemented during 2005/06 were: restructuring the businesses’ health and safety departments to align them more closely with divisional structures; introducing a health and safety multiplier in directors’ performance bonuses; and launching group-wide ‘Champion of Safety’ awards. Our strong focus on health and safety in 2004/05 and 2005/06 led to a great improvement in our performance in 2005/06. The RIDDOR reportable incident rate for the group as a whole was 17.3 per 1,000 employees, a reduction of 27.6% compared to the previous year. Severn Trent believes that a diverse workforce is important to the success of the company. We regularly review our working practices to ensure equality of opportunity, and we promote the importance of good working relations based on fairness, equality and inclusiveness. We are aware that we must do more to improve our diversity performance over the coming months. Our work to achieve this includes: monitoring diversity proﬁles across the group; targeted recruitment initiatives; diversity awareness training for staff and managers; and benchmarking our policies and practices against best practice organisations. 24 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Health and safety performance 27.6% reduction in RIDDOR reportable incident rate 2005/06 2004/05 2004/05 data is restated. Per 1,000 employees 17.3 23.9 Most group companies have their own intranets and magazines which form a major communication channel with their employees. Employee opinion surveys are used to provide feedback on a range of issues. Group companies continue to maintain positive relationships with the recognised trade unions and with other elected representatives. The group’s meeting of its European Consultative Council is an annual opportunity to promote dialogue with employee representatives and enhance their understanding of the issues facing our businesses in Europe. Training is also essential to the continuing success of the group. We are continually expanding our staff development programmes and tools, which include learning resource centres, e-learning, audiovisual materials, and programmes with leading business schools such as Warwick and Aston. We continued to encourage share ownership in 2005/06, and we offer a number of plans including a Save As You Earn Scheme, and a Share Incentive Plan. Community We maintained our commitment to community investment and community liaison in 2005/06. Our community investment programme continued to focus on three main areas: environmental education, the built environment, and the natural environment. We worked with nine partner charities: WaterAid, Birmingham Cares, Leicester Cares, Cromford Venture Centre, Bridlegate, Stonebridge City Farm, VSO, Crash-IT, and Ackers. Performance review Biffa’s landﬁll tax credit scheme, Biffaward, distributed almost £8.6 million in 2005/06 to over 200 individual projects. They included, for example, urban regeneration projects, a project to double the population of the brown hare, and a grant for the Roald Dahl Museum and Story Centre. Full details of our CR programme can be found on our website www.severntrent.com Education remained a priority of Severn Trent’s community activities. Severn Trent Water continued the BeSmart initiative, which encourages school children to learn about water and the important role it plays in our lives. Biffa’s interactive educational CD on waste won two prestigious communications awards. Marketplace Supply chain assessment has been the object of increasing public attention in recent years as companies seek to understand their responsibilities and improve performance within their sphere of inﬂuence. We intensiﬁed our focus on supply chain assessment after we expressed support for the UN Global Compact Principles in 2004. Severn Trent agreed group supply chain assessment objectives and targets in May 2005, and these are published on our website. Later in the ﬁnancial year, we conducted a comprehensive review of the different businesses’ supply chain assessment processes. The review covered ﬁve areas of CR concern: environment, human rights, health and safety, bribery and corruption, and working with minority or small and medium-sized enterprises. The review was completed in February 2006 and in 2006/07 we will use its ﬁndings to build on existing good practice within the group, and to identify priority areas for improvement in the individual businesses. Severn Trent is sensitive to issues of affordability and the needs of vulnerable customers, especially given the price increases scheduled for 2005-10. One of the ways in which we provide for those customers is a substantial annual grant to the Severn Trent Trust Fund, an independent charity established in 1997 to help customers in genuine economic difﬁculty. Each year around 8,000 people in Severn Trent Water’s region apply for the Trust’s help with paying water and other utility bills, and over 70% of those applicants receive ﬁnancial assistance. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 25 Performance review Financial review Michael McKeon Group Finance Director Group results Financial highlights 2006 2005 % change Turnover* (£m) Proﬁt* before interest and exceptionals (£m) Proﬁt* before interest (£m) Proﬁt* before tax, exceptionals and IAS 39 (£m) Proﬁt* before tax (£m) Earnings* per share before exceptionals, IAS 39 and deferred tax (p) Earnings per share (p) Gearing (%) Final dividend (p) Interim dividend (p) Total dividend for the year (p) 2,295 488 473 322 270 77.2 63.9 60.9 31.97 19.16 51.13 2,014 399 397 231 229 56.1 45.7 61.0 30.30 18.21 48.51 13.9 22.4 19.2 39.5 18.0 37.6 39.8 5.5 5.2 5.4 *From continuing operations (see notes 4 and 13) Group turnover from continuing operations was £2,295.0 million (£2,014.4 million), an increase of 13.9% over last year. The growth in turnover was mainly due to the price increases in Severn Trent Water; strong growth in Landﬁll and Collection at Biffa and the new Ministry of Defence contract in Operating Services, which were partially offset by the reduction in activity in the Other Businesses. Group proﬁt from continuing operations before interest, tax and exceptional items was up 22.4% to £488.2 million (£398.8 million). There was a net exceptional charge of £15.7 million (£2.3 million) – see below. Group proﬁt from continuing operations before interest and tax was £472.5 million (£396.5 million). After net interest charges of £167.9 million (£169.5 million) and share of results of associates and joint ventures of £2.1 million (£1.8 million), group proﬁt from continuing operations before tax, exceptional items and IAS 39 fair value adjustments was up 39.5% to £322.4 million (£231.1 million). Group proﬁt from continuing operations before tax was £270.0 million (£228.8 million). The total tax charge for the year was £42.7 million (£71.5 million) of which current tax represented £48.8 million (£33.8 million) and deferred tax was a credit of £6.0 million (charge of £29.4 million). Proﬁt for the period from continuing operations was £227.3 million (£157.3 million). Basic earnings per share from continuing operations were 65.2 pence (45.4 pence). Adjusted basic earnings per share (before exceptional items, IAS 39 fair value adjustments and deferred tax) were 77.2 pence (56.1 pence), an increase of 37.6%. Biffa Belgium, the sale of which was announced on 12 May 2006 and was classiﬁed as a discontinued operation, incurred a loss of £4.3 million (proﬁt of £0.8 million). Exceptional items There was an exceptional charge in the year of £15.7 million, which comprised: > a charge of £7.9 million for restructuring costs, including £4.8 million in Water and Sewerage and £3.1 million in Other Businesses; and demerger and related costs of £7.8 million in Corporate; In 2004/05 there was a net exceptional charge of £2.3 million which comprised: > a charge of £10.4 million relating to restructuring costs in Water and Sewerage; > a charge of £3.8 million, resulting from the closure of Systems’ US CIS business and the termination of external sales from Systems’ UK IT Services business and Engineering Consultancy; > a £4.3 million credit from the disposal of Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services’ investment in an associated company in Portugal; and > a £7.6 million credit from the proﬁt on sale of ﬁxed assets in Water and Sewerage. 26 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Performance review Cash generated from operations was £758.9 million (£623.3 million). Capital expenditure net of grants and proceeds of sales of ﬁxed assets was £395.9 million (£406.4 million) including capital expenditure in Severn Trent Water of £305.3 million (£319.1 million). Interest paid increased to £180.1 million (£151.1 million) due to additional payments of interest on ﬁnance leases. Tax payments increased as a result of the higher underlying effective rate of tax. The acceleration of dividend payments resulted in an additional dividend payment of £66.5 million in 2005/06. Net debt at 31 March 2006 was £2,961.1 million (£2,894.6 million). Year end balance sheet gearing is 60.9% (61.0%), and the group net debt to RCV is 57.4% (57.7%). The group’s net interest charge, excluding IAS 39 fair value adjustments, was covered 4.6 times (4.0 times) by proﬁt before interest, tax, depreciation and exceptional items, and 2.9 times (2.4 times) by proﬁt before interest tax and exceptionals. Accounting policies These are the ﬁrst full year results that the group has reported under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The impacts of IFRS on the group’s results and balance sheet were set out in a presentation on 19 September 2005, which is available on the group’s website. The group has taken advantage of the exemption available in IAS 32 and IAS 39 not to restate comparative information for the impact of those standards. The opening reserves at 1 April 2005 have been restated to reﬂect the impact of adopting IAS 32 and IAS 39. Taxation The charge for current tax on continuing operations was £48.7 million (£37.9 million). The current tax charge has beneﬁted from a release of £39.1 million charged in prior years following the agreement of the corporation tax computations for years up to and including 2002/03 (2004/05: release of £11.5 million). The effective rate of current tax calculated on proﬁt before tax, exceptional items and IAS 39 fair value adjustments was 28.7% (21.0%). Tax Bulletin 53, which changes the tax treatment of deferred revenue expenditure in Severn Trent Water, increased the effective rate of tax by approximately 3.4% and permanent differences increased the effective rate by a further 6.4%. These impacts were partially offset by lump sum pension contributions which reduced the effective rate of current tax in the year by 4.5%. Going forward we would expect the effective rate of tax for the current group structure to be in the range of 30% to 35%. The planned demerger of Biffa along with other announced changes will impact this expectation. Cash ﬂow Cash generated from operations Net capital expenditure Net interest paid Tax paid Other cash ﬂows Free cash ﬂow Dividends Acquisitions and disposals Financing Change in net debt from 2006 £m 2005 £m 758.9 (395.9) (180.1) (68.3) (0.2) 114.4 (234.3) 1.3 11.6 623.3 (406.4) (151.1) (36.5) 2.5 31.8 (162.0) 3.4 1.4 cash ﬂows 107.0 (125.4) Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 27 Performance review Financial review continued Pensions The group has four deﬁned beneﬁt pension schemes, of which the Severn Trent Pension Scheme (STPS) is by far the largest. Formal actuarial valuations were undertaken for the STPS and another scheme, the Severn Trent Senior Staff Pension Scheme, as at 31 March 2004. On an IAS 19 basis, the estimated net position (before deferred tax) of all of the group’s deﬁned beneﬁt pension schemes and the group’s unfunded pension liabilities for senior staff was a deﬁcit of £221.9 million as at 31 March 2006. This compares with a deﬁcit of £317.5 million as at 31 March 2005. The reduction in the deﬁcit arose because the increase in assets, from higher than expected investment returns and increased contributions, exceeded the increase in liabilities from a reduction in the discount rate. Total cash contributions to the schemes in the year was £105.2 million (£62.3 million). This included a payment of £44.4 million relating to the year 2006/07. The key actuarial assumptions were: Discount rate Inﬂation Expected return on equities 2006 4.9% 2.7% 8.0% 2005 5.5% 2.75% 8.25% Life expectancy at age 65* (years) Men Women 18.9 21.8 18.9 21.8 *for future pensioners Net of deferred tax, the estimated net deﬁcit on an IAS 19 basis as at 31 March 2006 was approximately £155 million. On an IAS 19 basis, the funding level has improved from around 77% at 31 March 2005 to around 86% at 31 March 2006. As at 31 March 2006 the group’s deﬁned beneﬁt pension schemes had total assets of approximately £1,403 million, of which around 65% was invested in equities. Further details of the group’s pension position are contained in note 27 to the accounts. Earnings per share and dividend Earning per share from continuing operations, adjusted to exclude exceptional items, IAS 39 fair value adjustments and deferred tax, increased by 37.6% to 77.2p (56.1p). Basic earnings per share from continuing operations were 65.2p (45.4p). An interim dividend of 19.16p (18.21p), up 5.2% was paid on 25 January 2006. The board is recommending the payment of a ﬁnal dividend of 31.97p (30.30p) up 5.5% to make a total dividend of 51.13p (48.51p). Treasury management The group’s treasury affairs are managed centrally and in accordance with its Treasury Procedures Manual and Policy Statement. The treasury operation’s primary role is to manage liquidity, funding, investment and the group’s ﬁnancial risk, including risk from volatility in interest and, to a lesser extent, currency rates and counterparty credit risk. Its activities are subject to a set of controls commensurate with the magnitude of the borrowings and investments under its management. The board determines matters of treasury policy and its approval is required for certain treasury transactions. It is the group’s strategy to access a broad range of sources of ﬁnance to obtain both the quantum required and the lowest cost compatible with the need for continued availability. The group uses ﬁnancial derivatives solely for the purposes of managing risk associated with ﬁnancing its normal business activities. The group does not hold or issue derivative ﬁnancial instruments for ﬁnancial trading purposes. The group uses a limited number of currency swaps and interest rate swaps to redenominate external borrowings into the currencies and interest rate coupon required for group purposes. The group’s policy for the management of interest rate risk requires that no less than 50% of the group’s borrowings should be at ﬁxed interest rates, or hedged through the use of interest rate swaps or forward rate agreements. At 31 March 2006, interest rates for some 72% of the group’s net debt of £2,961 million were so ﬁxed, at a weighted average interest rate of 5.7% for a weighted average period of 14.6 years. This policy has been implemented by entering into a portfolio of long dated interest rate swaps that hedge the group’s economic exposure to changes in interest rates. However, these swaps are not designated to particular liabilities and hence do not meet the criteria for hedge accounting under IAS 39. 28 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Consequently the swaps are revalued at each balance sheet date and the change in fair value is taken to the income statement as a ﬁnance cost. In the year ended 31 March 2006 £36.7 million was charged to ﬁnance costs in respect of such fair value movements. The group’s business does not involve signiﬁcant exposure to foreign exchange transactions. Cross currency swaps are employed to exchange foreign currency borrowings for sterling. The group also has investments in various assets denominated in foreign currencies, principally the US dollar and the euro. The group’s current policy is to hedge an element of the currency translation risk associated with certain foreign currency denominated assets. The long term credit ratings of Severn Trent Plc and Severn Trent Water Limited are: Long term credit ratings Severn Trent Severn Trent Plc Water Limited Moody’s Standard & Poor’s A2 A A3 A– Further details of the group’s borrowings, investments and ﬁnancial instruments are contained in note 19 to the accounts. Exchange rates Approximately 2% of the group’s proﬁt before interest, tax and exceptional items and 4% of its net operating assets are denominated in US dollars and approximately 0.5% of its proﬁt before interest, tax, and exceptional items and 1% of its net operating assets are denominated in euros. The trading results of overseas subsidiaries are translated to sterling at the average rate of exchange ruling during the year and their net assets are translated at the closing rate on the balance sheet date. Supplementary information For supplementary information, including the group’s preliminary results presentation, see the Severn Trent website (www.severntrent.com). Michael McKeon Group Finance Director Performance review Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 29 Governance Board of directors Membership of board and operating committees is as detailed below: Board committees Audit Committee J B Smith (Chairman) B Bulkin M L Cassoni R H Davey F B Smith (Secretary) Remuneration Committee M C Flower (Chairman until 10 June 2006) R H Davey (Chairman from 11 June 2006) M L Cassoni M J Houston F B Smith (Secretary) Nominations Committee Sir John Egan (Chairman) B Bulkin (c) M L Cassoni R H Davey M C Flower (c) M J Houston C S Matthews J B Smith (c) F B Smith (Secretary) (c) = Core Members Corporate Responsibility Committee C S Matthews (Chairman) M J Bettington R S Brydon Jannetta B Bulkin Sir John Egan P J Gavan L F Graziano A P Smith A P Wray F B Smith (Secretary) Operating committee Executive Committee C S Matthews (Chairman) M J Bettington R S Brydon Jannetta P J Gavan L F Graziano M J E McKeon A P Smith F B Smith (and Secretary) P K Tandon J van den Arend Schmidt A P Wray Senior independent non-executive director M C Flower (until 10 June 2006) R H Davey (from 11 June 2006) Group General Counsel and Company Secretary F B Smith Sir John Egan KBE MSc BEng (66)* Sir John joined the board in October 2004 and became Chairman on 1 January 2005. He is a director of Warwick Castle Park Trust Ltd and was, until recently, Chairman of Inchcape plc and Harrison Lovegrove & Co Ltd. Sir John worked in the motor industry until 1990 at General Motors, Massey Ferguson and British Leyland, rising to become Chairman and Chief Executive of Jaguar plc. He was Chief Executive of BAA plc from 1990 to 1999 and Chairman of MEPC from 1998 to 2000. He was also President of the Confederation of British Industry from 2002 to 2004. Sir John was knighted in the Queen’s Birthday Honours List in 1986 and is a deputy lieutenant of the County of Warwickshire. Colin Matthews MA CEng MBA (50) Colin joined the board in October 2003, becoming Group Chief Executive on 1 February 2005. He is a Chartered Engineer and worked for the (American) General Electric Company and then for British Airways, ﬁrst as Director of Engineering, then as Director of Technical Operations, responsible for all aircraft maintenance, IT and procurement. Colin was Group Managing Director of Transco from 2001 to 2002 and CEO of Hays Plc from 2002 to 2004. Michael McKeon MA CA (49) Michael joined the board on 13 December 2005 as Group Finance Director. Prior to that, he was Group Finance Director of the buildings materials group Novar Plc. He worked for Rolls Royce Plc from 1997 to 2000 in various senior roles including Finance Director of the Aerospace Group. Michael has extensive international business experience, having worked overseas for CarnaudMetalbox, Elf Atochem and Price Waterhouse. He is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland. Tony Wray BSc (Hons) (44) Tony joined the board in March 2005. He is Managing Director of Severn Trent Water Ltd. Prior to that, he was Director of Networks at Eircom, the Republic of Ireland’s telephone operator. He joined British Gas in 1983 and held various managerial positions before becoming Head of Asset Management. In 2000 Tony moved to Transco, ﬁrst as Director of Asset Management, then as National Operations Director, before being appointed to implement the merger integration of Lattice (Transco) and National Grid Group into National Grid Transco. Martin Bettington BSc MechEng MBA (53) Martin joined the board in November 1994. He is the Managing Director of Biffa Plc, Severn Trent’s waste management business. Martin was previously employed by BET Plc, Biffa’s former holding company. He holds an MBA from Manchester Business School. Rachel Brydon Jannetta FCCA (46) Rachel joined the board in September 2004. She is President and CEO of Severn Trent’s US and UK laboratories businesses. A Fellow of the Chartered Association of Certiﬁed Accountants, Rachel qualiﬁed as an accountant in 1984 with Gerber Landa and Gee, an accounting ﬁrm based in Glasgow. She then spent eight years in retail management, latterly with an Asda Plc group company, before joining Severn Trent in 1993 as Managing Director of its UK laboratories operation. She is also a director of WaterAid America, the US arm of the WaterAid charity. Martin Flower BA (59)* Martin joined the board in June 1996 and was appointed Deputy Chairman in July 2004. He is the senior independent non-executive director. He is also Chairman of Croda International Plc and has been a director of The Morgan Crucible Company Plc since December 2004. Martin retired as Chairman of Coats Ltd in May 2004, where he had previously been Group Chief Executive. Martin retires from the board on 10 June 2006. John Smith FCCA Hon. FRIBA (48)* John joined the board in November 2003. He is Chief Operating Ofﬁcer of the BBC and Chief Executive of its trading arm, BBC Worldwide. He is also Vice President of the Royal Television Society. John has held a non-executive directorship with Vickers Plc, was a member of the advisory board of Zurich Financial Services UK and served for three years on the Accounting Standards Board until November 2004. Marisa Cassoni BSc ACA (54)* Marisa joined the board in September 2001. Until recently she was Group Finance Director of Royal Mail Group plc and on 26 June 2006 will be appointed Finance Director of the John Lewis Partnership. She is a non-executive director of GFI Group Inc, a company listed on the NASDAQ, and WSP Group Plc. Marisa is also a member of the CBI Economic Affairs Committee and a member of the Financial Reporting Council’s Accounting Standards Board. She qualiﬁed as an accountant with Deloitte, Haskins & Sells, rising to Corporate Finance Manager. She moved to the Prudential Corporation and later became Group Finance Director at Britannic Assurance plc. Martin Houston BSc MSc DIC (48)* Martin joined the board in September 2003. He is Executive Vice President and Managing Director of BG Group’s North American, Caribbean and Global Liqueﬁed Natural Gas business and a member of the Group Executive Committee. He joined BG Group in 1983 and has held a number of technical and commercial roles with a predominantly international focus. He is a fellow of the Geological Society of London. Richard Davey (57)* Richard joined the board on 1 January 2006 and becomes senior independent non-executive director on 11 June 2006. He is a non-executive director of Yorkshire Building Society and Amlin Plc. He also served as a non-executive director of Freeserve Plc from 1999 to 2001 and of Scottish Widows Fund and Life Assurance Society from 1996 to 2000. The majority of Richard’s executive career was spent in investment banking at N M Rothschild & Sons where he served in various roles including Head of Investment Banking. Prior to that, he worked at various organisations including Merrill Lynch International Limited and Exco International Plc. Bernard Bulkin, BS PhD FRSC FRSA FIE (64)* Bernard joined the board on 1 January 2006. He is Chairman of AEA Technology Plc and a non-executive director of Accelergy Corporation in California. He is also a venture partner at Vantage Point, an international venture capital ﬁrm. Bernard is a commissioner on the UK Sustainable Development Commission and a board member of the UK Centre for Economic and Environmental Development. He is also a member of the DTI Sustainable Energy Policy Advisory Board. In 2003 he retired as Chief Scientist at BP Plc, where he had worked for eighteen years. *Non-executive director 30 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Governance Left to right Sir John Egan* Colin Matthews Michael McKeon Tony Wray Martin Bettington Rachel Brydon Jannetta Martin Flower* John Smith* Marisa Cassoni* Martin Houston* Richard Davey* Bernard Bulkin* *Non-executive director Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 31 Governance Directors’ report The directors present their report, together with the audited ﬁnancial statements of the group for the year ended 31 March 2006. Principal activities The principal activities of the group are the supply of water and sewerage services, waste management and the provision of environmental services. Details of the principal joint venture, associated and subsidiary undertakings of the group at 31 March 2006 appear in notes 17, 18 and 40 to the ﬁnancial statements on pages 76, 77 and 96. Business review The Chairman’s statement, the Group Chief Executive’s review, the Business focuses for the group’s main businesses and the review of operations on pages 4 to 29 provide detailed information relating to the group and its strategy, the operation of its businesses, and the results and ﬁnancial position for the year ended 31 March 2006. Details of the principal risks and uncertainties facing the group are set out in the Corporate governance report on page 39. Research and development Expenditure on research and development including amounts capitalised as tangible ﬁxed assets related to research and development, amounted to £5.4 million (2005: £5.3 million). Treasury management The disclosures required under the EU Fair Value Directive in relation to the use of ﬁnancial instruments by the company are set out in note 19 (j) to the accounts on page 81. Post balance sheet events On 4 April 2006 the company announced its intention to de-merge Biffa, its UK integrated waste management business. On 7 April 2006 the company announced it was giving Ofwat an interim report into misreporting of customer relations data by Severn Trent Water. On 12 May 2006 the company announced it had agreed to sell Biffa Belgium to Veolia for €45 million. On 2 June 2006 the group signed heads of terms to sell its interest in Aquaﬁn NV to the Flemish Government for approximately £30 million. Dividends An interim dividend of 19.16 pence per ordinary share was paid on 25 January 2006. The directors recommend a ﬁnal dividend of 31.97 pence per ordinary share to be paid on 2 August 2006 to shareholders on the register on 30 June 2006. This would bring the total dividend for 2005/06 to 51.13 pence per ordinary share (2005: 48.51p). The payment of the ﬁnal dividend is subject to shareholder approval at the Annual General Meeting. Directors and their interests Details of changes to the board during the year and of the directors offering themselves for re-appointment at the Annual General Meeting are set out on page 35. Details of directors’ service contracts are set out in the Directors’ remuneration report on page 46. The interests of the directors in the shares of the company are shown on page 50. Biographies of the directors currently serving on the board are set out on page 30. Directors’ responsibilities statement The directors are responsible for preparing the ﬁnancial statements. The directors have chosen to prepare the ﬁnancial statements for the group in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and for the company in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (UK GAAP). In the case of UK GAAP ﬁnancial statements, the directors are required to prepare ﬁnancial statements for each ﬁnancial year that give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and of the proﬁt or loss of the company for that period. In preparing the ﬁnancial statements, the directors are required to: select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; state whether applicable accounting standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the ﬁnancial statements; and prepare the ﬁnancial statements on a going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the group will continue in business. In the case of IFRS ﬁnancial statements, International Accounting Standard 1 requires that the ﬁnancial statements present fairly for each ﬁnancial year the company’s ﬁnancial position, ﬁnancial performance and cash ﬂows. Directors are also required to: properly select and apply accounting policies; present information, including accounting policies, in a manner that provides relevant, reliable, comparable and understandable information; provide additional disclosures when compliance with the speciﬁc requirements in International Financial Reporting Standards is insufﬁcient to enable users to understand the impact of particular transactions, other events and conditions on the entity’s performance; and prepare the ﬁnancial statements on a going concern basis unless, having assessed the ability of the company to continue as a going concern, management either intends to liquidate the entity or to cease trading, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 32 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Governance The directors are responsible for ensuring that the company keeps proper accounting records which disclose, with reasonable accuracy, at any time, the ﬁnancial position of the company. The directors are also responsible for: safeguarding the assets of the company and the group; taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities; the preparation of the report of the directors and the directors’ remuneration report which comply with the requirements of the Companies Act 1985; and ensuring the maintenance and integrity of the company’s corporate website. Directors indemnities The company’s Articles of Association provide that directors of the company shall be indemniﬁed by the company against any costs incurred by them in carrying out their duties including defending any proceedings brought against them arising out of their positions as directors in which they are acquitted or judgement is given in their favour or relief from any liability is granted to them by the court. Supplier payment policy Individual operating companies within the group are responsible for establishing appropriate policies with regard to the payment of their suppliers. The companies agree terms and conditions under which business transactions with suppliers are conducted. It is group policy that provided a supplier is complying with the relevant terms and conditions, including the prompt and complete submission of all speciﬁed documentation, payment will be made in accordance with agreed terms. It is also group policy to ensure that suppliers know the terms on which payment will take place when business is agreed. Details of supplier payment policies can be obtained from the individual companies at the addresses shown in note 40 to the ﬁnancial statements on page 96. Trade creditors for the group at the year-end are estimated as representing no greater than 30 days’ purchases (2005: no greater than 30 days). Trade creditors for the company at the year-end are estimated as representing nil days’ purchases (2005: 34 days). Contributions for political and charitable purposes Donations to charitable organisations during the year amounted to £487,422 (2005: £378,825). The company focuses on the development of long term partnerships with charities close to its major sites and which reﬂect the company’s value of environmental leadership. The work focuses on environmental education, the preservation and enhancement of the natural environment or addressing social exclusion issues in the built environment. The company is also committed to supporting WaterAid, the UK’s only major charity dedicated to providing safe domestic water and sanitation to the world’s poorest people. The company’s policy is not to make any donations to political parties. However, the Political Parties Elections and Referendums Act 2000 (the relevant provisions of which are now contained in Part XA of the Companies Act 1985) requires certain types of expenditure on political events to be pre-approved by shareholders. At the 2005 Annual General Meeting, shareholders gave the company authority to cover such expenditure. Pursuant to that authority, during the year ended 31 March 2006 the group incurred costs of £6,000 (2005: £2,500) as follows: > Biffa Waste Services Limited paid a subscription fee of £1,000 to the Socialist Environment and Resources Association (SERA), an organisation which aims to promote sustainable environmental policies within the Labour movement and Labour Party to ensure sustainable development is central to the work of the government; and > Biffa Waste Services Limited paid a subscription fee of £5,000 to the Fabian Society, a left of centre think tank, which is afﬁliated to the Labour Party but is editorially and organisationally independent. As in previous years, resolutions to renew the authority will be proposed at this year’s Annual General Meeting for the company and its principal subsidiaries. Substantial shareholdings As at 2 June 2006 the company had been notiﬁed of the following substantial shareholdings: Number of ordinary shares of 65 5⁄19p each % Legal & General Investment Management Limited Barclays plc 11,259,833 3.26 10,762,602 3.10 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 33 Governance Directors’ report continued Going concern The Board has a reasonable expectation that the group and the company have adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Accordingly the ﬁnancial statements set out on pages 53 to 101 and 103 to 114 have been prepared on the going concern basis. Annual General Meeting The Annual General Meeting of the company will be held at the International Convention Centre, Broad Street, Birmingham B1 2EA at 11.00am on Tuesday 25 July 2006. The notice convening the meeting, together with details of the business to be considered and explanatory notes for each resolution, is distributed separately to shareholders. It is also available on the company’s website: www.severntrent.com By order of the Board Fiona Smith Group General Counsel and Company Secretary 5 June 2006 Share capital The company was given authority at its Annual General Meeting in 2005 to make market purchases of ordinary shares up to a maximum number of 34,749,599 shares. Similar authority will again be sought from shareholders at this year’s Annual General Meeting. No market purchases were made by the company during the year ended 31 March 2006. Details of movements in share capital are shown in note 29 to the ﬁnancial statements on page 88. Employees The average number of employees within the group is shown in note 8 to the ﬁnancial statements on page 68. Details of arrangements relating to employee involvement are described in the Corporate responsibility report on page 25. Auditors In the case of each of the persons who are directors of the company at the date when this report was approved: > so far as each of the directors is aware, there is no relevant audit information (as deﬁned in the Companies Act 1985) of which the company’s auditors are unaware; and > each of the directors has taken all the steps that he/she ought to have taken as a director to make himself/herself aware of any relevant audit information (as deﬁned) and to establish that the company’s auditors are aware of that information. This conﬁrmation is given and should be interpreted in accordance with the provisions of section 234ZA of the Companies Act 1985. Deloitte & Touche LLP has indicated its willingness to continue as auditors, accordingly a resolution to reappoint them will be proposed at this year’s Annual General Meeting. The reappointment of Deloitte & Touche LLP has been approved by the Audit Committee, who will also be responsible for determining their audit fee on behalf of the directors. Accounts of Severn Trent Water Limited Regulatory accounts for Severn Trent Water Limited are prepared and sent to the Director General of Water Services. A copy of these accounts will be available from the website of Severn Trent Water Limited (www.stwater.co.uk) or on written request to the Company Secretary (at the address given on the back cover). There is no charge for this publication. 34 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Governance Corporate governance report Corporate governance The company attaches great signiﬁcance to the maintenance of good corporate governance procedures and adherence to best practice recognising that they play their part in creating a framework which can provide increased beneﬁts for shareholders. Compliance statement The report set out on pages 35 to 39 describes how the company has applied the principles of good corporate governance as set out in Section 1 of the Combined Code on Corporate Governance issued by the Financial Reporting Council in July 2003 (the “Combined Code”). In respect of the year ended 31 March 2006, and the period up to the date of approving the accounts, the board considers that the company has complied with the provisions set out in the Combined Code. The board Board structure The board consists of a non-executive Chairman, ﬁve executive directors and six non-executive directors. In accordance with the Combined Code, separate individuals, Sir John Egan and Colin Matthews, are appointed to the positions of Chairman and Group Chief Executive respectively. Martin Flower is the senior independent non- executive director. He retires from the board on 10 June 2006 and will be replaced in that role by Richard Davey. The board has reviewed the status of the non- executive directors and considers them all to be independent in character and judgement and within the deﬁnition of this term in the Combined Code. The test of independence is not appropriate in relation to the Chairman. The Chairman and the non-executive directors contribute external expertise and experience in areas of importance to the group such as corporate ﬁnance, general ﬁnance, corporate strategy, environmental matters, general management and corporate governance. They also provide independent challenge and rigour to the board’s deliberations. Collectively, the board is satisﬁed it has all of the necessary skills, experience and qualities to lead the company Directors and their interests Michael McKeon was appointed as an executive director on 13 December 2005. Bernard Bulkin and Richard Davey were appointed as non-executive directors on 1 January 2006. John McAdam, Mark Wilson and Derek Osborn retired from the board on 1 September 2005, 13 December 2005 and 31 March 2006 respectively. Martin Flower will retire from the board on 10 June 2006. Biographies of the directors currently serving on the board are set out on page 30. All directors who joined the board during the year have undertaken induction training. Furthermore, the training needs of all directors are kept under review and appropriate training identiﬁed as part of a continuing process. Details of the directors’ service agreements, emoluments, the interests of directors and their immediate families in the shares of the company and in awards or options over such shares granted under the company’s Long Term Incentive Plans and Sharesave Scheme are shown in the Directors’ remuneration report on pages 40 to 51. Operation of the board The board has ultimate responsibility for ensuring that the company is properly managed and achieves the strategic objectives it sets. It has an agreed schedule of matters reserved to it, which includes setting long term strategic and business objectives, overseeing the company’s internal control systems and ensuring that appropriate resources are in place to enable the company to meet its objectives. The board meets at least ten times in each calendar year and convenes additional meetings as and when required. Details of the number of board and committee meetings and the attendance of the directors at those meetings are shown on page 37. The Chairman has prime responsibility for the effective workings of the board and agrees the agenda in consultation with the Group Chief Executive and Company Secretary. Papers, including minutes of board committees held since the previous board meeting and reports from each of the executive directors responsible for the group’s operating businesses or key central functions, are circulated in advance of each meeting. In addition to the board meetings, the Chairman meets with the non-executive directors without the executive directors present. The non- executive directors also have an annual meeting where there is an opportunity for them to meet without the Chairman. The Group Chief Executive is responsible for the executive management of all of the group’s businesses and for implementing board strategy and policy within approved budgets and timescales. The Group Chief Executive is supported by the Executive Committee. Membership of the Executive Committee is shown on page 30 and comprises the executive directors and senior managers responsible for key central functions. Procedures are in place which allow directors to take independent professional advice in the course of their duties and all directors have access to the advice and services of the Company Secretary. Where a director has a concern over any unresolved business he/she is entitled to require the Company Secretary to minute that concern. Should he/she later resign over this issue, the Chairman will bring it to the attention of the board. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 35 Governance Corporate governance report Auditors’ independence, as part of the committee’s review of the adequacy and objectivity of the audit process. An analysis of fees payable to the Auditors in respect of audit and non-audit services is provided on page 67. It is the group’s policy to seek rotation of the Auditors’ principal engagement partner as a matter of course every ﬁve years and of other key members of the audit team, where deemed appropriate by the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee has reviewed risk management and the effectiveness of the system of internal control during the year ended 31 March 2006 and has reported to the board on the outcome of this review. The effectiveness of the group’s internal audit function has been reviewed by the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee reviews annually the group’s formal whistle blowing policy that deals with allegations from employees relating to breaches of the group’s Code of Business Principles and Conduct. Remuneration Committee The Remuneration Committee is chaired by Martin Flower. He retires from the Board on 10 June 2006 and will be replaced in that role by Richard Davey. The other members of the Committee are Marisa Cassoni, and Martin Houston. Only independent, non-executive directors may serve on the committee. The Chairman and the Group Chief Executive attend Remuneration Committee meetings at the invitation of the Remuneration Committee Chairman. The committee will normally meet at least four times a year. The Remuneration Committee determines, on behalf of the Board, the company’s policy on the remuneration of executive directors and the Chairman of the board, and is consulted by the Group Chief Executive regarding remuneration for a number of the company’s senior executives. Further information on the activities of the Remuneration Committee is given in the Directors’ remuneration report on pages 40 to 51. The Directors’ remuneration report also describes how the principles of the Combined Code are applied in respect of remuneration matters and includes a statement on the company’s policy on directors’ and senior executives’ remuneration, beneﬁts, share scheme entitlements and pension arrangements. A resolution to approve the Directors’ remuneration report will be proposed at the Annual General Meeting. The company purchases directors and ofﬁcers liability and indemnity insurance to cover its directors and ofﬁcers against the costs of defending themselves in civil proceedings taken against them in that capacity and in respect of damages resulting from the unsuccessful defence of any proceedings. Board committees The board has established an effective committee structure to assist in the discharge of its responsibilities. The terms of reference of the Audit, Remuneration and Nominations Committees (the “Principal Committees”) comply with the provisions of the Combined Code and are available for inspection on the company’s website (www.severntrent.com) or may be obtained on written request from the Company Secretary at the address given on the back cover. Each of the Principal Committees has reviewed its effectiveness and terms of reference during the year and any necessary actions have been identiﬁed and reported to the board. The membership of all board committees is set out on page 30. Audit Committee The Audit Committee is chaired by John Smith. Its membership comprises Bernard Bulkin, Marisa Cassoni and Richard Davey. Only independent non- executive directors may serve on the committee. John Smith and Marisa Cassoni have been identiﬁed by the board as having recent and relevant ﬁnancial experience. The committee meets with the group’s external auditors (the “Auditors”) at least four times a year. By invitation of the committee other individuals such as the Chairman, Group Chief Executive, Group Finance Director and Group Director of Internal Audit will normally be in attendance for all or part of those meetings. The committee and the Auditors also hold separate meetings without the attendance of executive management. In their assessment of the independence of the Auditors, the committee receives annually in writing details of relationships between the Auditors and the group, which may bear on the Auditors’ independence and receives conﬁrmation that they are independent of the group as required by International Auditing Standard 260. The committee annually reviews the level of the Auditors’ fees in respect of the audit of the ﬁnancial statements of the group and its subsidiaries at the same time as considering the adequacy of the Auditors’ proposed audit plan. A formal policy, which includes fee limits, has been adopted for non-audit services. Any material project work where fees payable to the Auditors are likely to exceed £100,000 must be approved by the Audit Committee. Where fees are expected to exceed £500,000 the project work would normally be the subject of a competitive selection process. The level of non-audit services provided by the Auditors and the associated fees are considered annually by the committee, in the context of the 36 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Governance Nominations Committee The Nominations Committee is chaired by Sir John Egan and its members are the Group Chief Executive and all non-executive directors. The committee’s core members are Bernard Bulkin, Martin Flower and John Smith. All other non-executive directors will attend meetings subject to their availability. Other executive directors, senior management and external advisors may be invited to attend meetings as considered appropriate. The Nominations Committee has responsibility for considering the size, structure and composition of the board of the company, retirements and appointments of additional and replacement directors, succession planning and making recommendations so as to maintain an appropriate balance of skills and experience on the board. The committee meets at least three times a year. The board appointments made during the year in respect of Michael McKeon, Bernard Bulkin and Richard Davey were undertaken using an external search consultancy. Corporate Responsibility Committee The Corporate Responsibility Committee is chaired by the Group Chief Executive. Its main responsibility is to develop, review and promote policies to further the group’s environmental values in its business, workplace and community engagement activities. The committee’s terms of reference may be viewed on the company’s website (www.severntrent.com). Details of the group’s corporate responsibility activities may be found on pages 23 to 25. Meetings Details of the board and principal committees meetings attended by each director during the year are as follows: Plc board Audit Remun- eration Nomi- nations Number 13 of meetings Sir John Egan 13 M J Bettington 13 R S Brydon 13 Jannetta B Bulkin2 4 12 M L Cassoni R H Davey3 3 12 M C Flower M J Houston 12 J D G McAdam4 5 M J E McKeon1 4 13 C S Matthews F A Osborn5 13 J B Smith7 9 M R Wilson6 8 13 A P Wray 6 – – – – 6 – – – – – – 6 6 – – 8 – – – – 6 1 8 5 3 – – – – – – 9 9 – – 2 – – 8 – 3 – – 8 1 – – 1 – Appointed 13/12/05 2 – Appointed 01/01/06 3 – Appointed 01/01/06 4 – Resigned 01/09/05 5 – Resigned 31/03/06 6 – Resigned 13/12/05 7 – Appointed Nominations Committee 01/12/05 Directors’ interests in contracts No director had a material interest at any time during the year in any contract of signiﬁcance, other than a service contract as shown in the Directors’ remuneration report on pages 40 to 51, with the company or any of its subsidiary undertakings. Remuneration The Directors’ remuneration report, which includes a statement on the company’s policy on directors’ and senior executives’ remuneration, is set out on pages 40 to 51. Reappointment The company’s Articles of Association require all directors to submit themselves for reappointment at least every three years. This provision also ensures that, as a minimum, one third of the board of directors, together with any director appointed since the last Annual General Meeting, retires each year and, if eligible and so desires, stands for reappointment at the Annual General Meeting. directors retire on the basis of their length of service since their last election. Martin Houston, Colin Matthews and John Smith retire by rotation. Bernard Bulkin, Richard Davey and Mike McKeon have been appointed since the last Annual General Meeting. All six directors offer themselves for reappointment. The Nomination Committee has formally reviewed the performance, contribution and commitment of each of the retiring directors and has recommended their reappointment to the board. Performance and effectiveness reviews During the year the board, with the help of an outside facilitator, carried out a formal evaluation of its performance and that of its committees. Since the board has undergone a number of changes with three new directors joining the board and a new Company Secretary being appointed in the latter part of the year a review of individual performance was not done. Each director and the Company Secretary answered a questionnaire on his/her perception of the composition, operation and effectiveness of the board and its committees and on the performance of the Chairmen of the board and principal committees. In addition they were interviewed by the facilitator to explore certain issues in greater depth and to identify areas requiring improvement. Finally, the process reviewed progress against actions identiﬁed in last year’s review. Shareholders Relations with shareholders The board recognises the importance of representing and promoting the interests of its shareholders and that it is accountable to shareholders for the performance and activities of the company. The annual report and accounts is the principal means of communicating with shareholders. The company’s website (www.severntrent.com) contains complete versions of such reports along with other information relevant to shareholders. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 37 Governance Corporate governance report continued In respect of the company’s Annual General Meeting the board encourages shareholders to attend and exercise their right to vote. The notice of meeting and related papers are sent to shareholders at least 20 working days before the meeting. Separate resolutions are proposed on each substantially separate issue. Details of the proxy votes for and against each resolution and the number of abstentions are indicated after the result of the vote on a show of hands. Shareholders are given the opportunity to meet with the board before and after the Annual Generally Meeting. Presentations are made on the group’s activities and performance prior to the formal business of the meeting. Shareholders have the opportunity to ask questions of the board and present their views. The chairmen of the Audit, Remuneration and Nominations Committees, together with all other directors will normally attend the Annual General Meeting. The company announces its results on a half yearly basis. Presentations are made to analysts and shareholders following the release of the interim and year-end results. The Group Chief Executive and Group Finance Director meet shareholders during the year. The Chairman and, if appropriate, the senior independent non-executive director are available to meet shareholders if required. The board receives written feedback following meetings with institutional shareholders. Internal control Internal control and risk management The board has overall responsibility for the group’s system of internal control and for reviewing its effectiveness. The board has formally established policies and processes for identifying and evaluating the signiﬁcant risks faced by the group. The policies and processes are designed to manage risks rather than eliminate them and can only provide reasonable but not absolute assurance against material errors, losses or fraud or breaches of laws or regulations. There are procedures for managing these signiﬁcant risks, of which the key elements are: an organisation structure with clear lines of accountability; regular, structured reviews of business risk by senior management; a scheme of delegated authority; pre-approval of plans, budgets and signiﬁcant investments; monthly reporting and monitoring of ﬁnancial results and other key business measures and independent assurance provided by both internal and external auditors. The senior management teams of each of the principal business units have identiﬁed the risks facing their businesses and have made an assessment of the impact and likelihood of those risks. They also have a process to identify changes to the risk proﬁle and to identify weaknesses in internal control. The controls that are in place to manage each of the more signiﬁcant risks in each unit have been identiﬁed and an assessment has been made of the effectiveness of these controls. Each business unit reports regularly to the Group Chief Executive on its risks and controls. The Executive Committee reviews these risks as well as carrying out a process to identify any other signiﬁcant risks affecting the group, considers the controls in place to mitigate the risks faced by the group and ensures that its focus is on managing the most important risks and meeting any changes in the risk proﬁle. The board reviews risk management and the effectiveness of the system of internal control through the Audit Committee. They also keep under review ways in which to enhance the control and audit arrangements in the group. The Audit Committee receives reports every six months from the Group Chief Executive on the signiﬁcant risks faced by the group, an assessment of the effectiveness of controls over each of those risks and an action plan to improve controls where this has been assessed as necessary. Any signiﬁcant control weaknesses that have been identiﬁed are also reported to the Audit Committee. The Auditors also report on signiﬁcant control issues to this committee. The internal audit department provides objective assurance and advice on risk management and control and monitors the risk management process. The group’s internal audit department has been reorganised with a dedicated Group Director of Internal Audit appointed and more resources made available to it. In addition its reporting lines have been changed and its processes strengthened to provide an independent review of Severn Trent Water’s controls and reporting. New external auditors were appointed at the Annual General Meeting in 2005. During the year the Audit Committee and the Board considered certain weaknesses in controls. In particular, on 31 October 2005 the group announced that the Serious Fraud Ofﬁce was undertaking a criminal investigation into alleged false reporting of leakage ﬁgures to Ofwat by Severn Trent Water and that it is co-operating fully with the Serious Fraud Ofﬁce. On 7 March 2006 the conclusions of Ofwat’s interim report concerning allegations of false reporting made against Severn Trent Water in 2004 were accepted and on 7 April 2006 it was announced that the company was giving Ofwat an interim report into misreporting of customer relations data. To address these issues a thorough review of control processes in Severn Trent Water was embarked upon and substantial action has already been taken to implement its recommendations. This work continues to improve processes and behaviour. As part of this Deloitte and Touche conducted a review of key controls in the Water company and substantially all their recommendations have now been implemented. The remainder will be completed during this year. The directors conﬁrm that there is an ongoing process for the identiﬁcation, evaluation and management of the signiﬁcant risks faced by the group. This process has been in place throughout the year ended 31 March 2006 and up to the date of approval of the Annual Report and Accounts. It accords with the guidance in the report on Guidance on Internal Control (The Turnbull Guidance). 38 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Governance Principal risks Through its business operations the group is exposed to a number of commercial risks and uncertainties, which could have a material impact on our businesses, ﬁnancial condition, operations and reputation, as well as the value and liquidity of our securities. Not all of these factors are within our control and, in addition, other factors besides those listed below may have an adverse effect on the group. In 2006/07, one of the most signiﬁcant risks that the group faces will be to deliver the new comprehensive strategy for the group, which has at its core a focused water company and, therefore, includes the demerger of Biffa from the Severn Trent group. The delivery of this strategy will be a key focus of our risk management process. In this context the following speciﬁc risks have been identiﬁed: Changes in law or regulation in the areas in which we operate could have an adverse effect on our business and operations Regulatory decisions in relation to our businesses, eg on whether licences or approvals to operate are renewed, whether market developments have been satisfactorily implemented, on the level of permitted revenues for our businesses, whether there has been any breach of the terms of a licence or an approval, could have an adverse impact on the results of our operations, cash ﬂows, ﬁnancial condition of our businesses and the ability to develop those businesses in the future. The results of our operations depend on a number of factors relating to business performance, including the ability to outperform regulatory targets and deliver anticipated cost and efﬁciency savings Earnings from our regulated water business will be affected by our ability to meet or better our regulatory targets set by Ofwat, Environment Agency, Drinking Water Inspectorate and other regulators. To meet these targets, we must continue to improve management and operational performance. In addition, earnings from a regulated business also depend on meeting service quality standards set by regulators. To meet these standards we must improve service reliability and customer service. If we do not meet these targets and standards, both our results and our reputation may be adversely affected. Various government environmental protection and health and safety laws and regulations govern our businesses These laws and regulations establish, amongst other things, standards for drinking water and discharges into the environment which affect our operations. In addition, our businesses are required to obtain various environmental permissions from regulatory agencies for their operation. Environmental laws and regulations are complex and change frequently. These laws and their enforcement have tended to become more stringent over time both in relation to their requirements and in the levels of proof required to demonstrate compliance and, while we believe we have taken account of the future capital and operating expenditure necessary to achieve and maintain compliance with current and foreseeable changes in laws and regulations, it is possible that new or stricter standards could be imposed or current interpretation of existing legislation amended, which will increase the group’s operating costs or capital expenditure by requiring changes and modiﬁcations to its operations in order to comply with any new environmental laws and regulations. The failure of our assets or our inability to carry out critical operations could have a signiﬁcant impact on our ﬁnancial position and our reputation We may suffer a major failure in our assets which could arise from a failure to deliver the capital investment programme for our businesses or to maintain the health of our systems. Any failure could cause us to be in breach of a licence or approval and even incidents that do not amount to a breach could result in adverse regulatory action and ﬁnancial consequences, as well as harming our reputation. Severn Trent Water’s regulated business controls and operates water and sewerage networks and undertakes maintenance of the associated assets with the objective of providing a continuous service. The failure of a key asset could cause a signiﬁcant interruption to the supply of services, which may have an adverse effect on the group’s operating results or ﬁnancial position. In addition water supplies may, inter alia, be subject to contamination, including contamination from the development of naturally occurring compounds and pollution from man-made sources and these may have an adverse effect on our operating results or ﬁnancial position. The group could also be held liable for human exposure to hazardous substances or other environmental damage. In addition, we are subject to other risks which are largely outside our control, such as the energy costs, impact of climate change, weather or unlawful acts of third parties, including terrorist attacks, sabotage or other intentional acts which may also physically damage our business or otherwise signiﬁcantly affect corporate activities and, as a consequence, affect the results of our operations. External factors could affect the group’s pension schemes and adversely impact on our ﬁnancial position Pension assets and liabilities (pre tax) of £1,403 million and £1,625 million are held in the group’s balance sheet as at 31 March 2006. Movements in equity markets, interest rates and life expectancy could materially affect the level of surpluses and deﬁcits in the schemes and could prompt the need for the group to make additional pension contributions in the future. The key assumptions used to value our pension liabilities are set out in Note 27 on page 85. The group’s ﬁnancial position and business results could be adversely affected if its existing funding arrangements are materially altered The main risks faced by the group in its treasury operations relate to material external changes to current arrangements. In the debt markets, factors such as borrowing restrictions or changes to credit ratings could mean we were unable to ﬁnance ourselves or be forced to pay too high a price for that ﬁnance. In terms of our borrowings a signiﬁcant proportion is subject to variable interest rates and any increase in those rates could substantially increase our borrowing costs. In addition we undertake ﬁnancial transactions with a number of institutions and we could suffer a ﬁnancial loss if any of those counterparties were to fail. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 39 Governance Directors’ remuneration report This report provides the information required by the Directors’ Remuneration Report Regulations 2002. It also describes how the principles of the Financial Services Authority’s Combined Code on Corporate Governance (the ‘Combined Code’) are applied by the company in relation to directors’ remuneration and sets out the remuneration policy for the year ended 31 March 2006 and the current and forthcoming ﬁnancial years. The Chairman of the board, Sir John Egan, the Group Chief Executive, Colin Matthews, the Group Human Resources Director, Andy Smith, and the Group Director of Internal Audit, Pramod Tandon, also attended some meetings to provide advice and respond to speciﬁc questions. Such attendances speciﬁcally exclude any matter concerning their own remuneration. The Company Secretary acts as secretary to the committee. Remuneration Committee The Remuneration Committee determines, on behalf of the board, the company’s policy on the remuneration of executive directors and the Chairman of the board. The committee determines the total remuneration packages and contractual terms and conditions for these individuals. The committee is also consulted on the remuneration policy for the next band of seven senior executives. The policy framework for remunerating all senior executives is consistent with the approach taken for executive directors. The committee is comprised exclusively of independent non-executive directors of the company. The members of the committee during the year were: > Martin Flower > Marisa Cassoni > Richard Davey > Martin Houston > John McAdam (Chairman) (from 03/03/06) (from 01/09/05) (until 01/09/05) Richard Davey will become Chairman of the committee when Martin Flower retires from the board on 10 June 2006. The committee members have no personal ﬁnancial interest, other than as shareholders, in the matters to be decided. The constitution and operation of the committee comply with the Combined Code. In setting performance related remuneration, the committee has regard to the provisions set out in Schedule A to the Combined Code. Advisers To ensure that the company’s remuneration practices are market competitive, the committee has access to detailed external research on market data and trends from experienced specialist consultants. The committee has received material advice from New Bridge Street Consultants LLP, Hay Management Consultants, Watson Wyatt Ltd and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP which have been appointed by the committee for the purpose of providing this advice. In relation to other services provided to the group, Watson Wyatt Ltd and PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP provided pensions related advice. Each of Watson Wyatt Ltd, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP and Hay Management Consultants provides employee beneﬁts services and/or remuneration advice to the group below board level. New Bridge Street Consultants LLP, the principal adviser to the committee, has not provided any other services to the company. The committee’s terms of reference can be viewed on the company’s website at www.severntrent.com or requested from the Company Secretary (at the address on the back cover). The terms of appointment for New Bridge Street Consultants LLP are also available on request from the Company Secretary. Remuneration policy The company’s continuing remuneration policy for executive directors is to provide remuneration in a form and amount which will attract, retain, motivate and reward high calibre individuals. The remuneration package is based on the following principles: > Incentives are aligned with the interests of shareholders and seek to reward the creation of long term value; > Reward elements are designed to reinforce the link between performance and reward. Performance related elements should form a signiﬁcant proportion of the total remuneration package and typically comprise at least 50% of total remuneration, if paid at the maximum; > The total remuneration package for on target performance should be fully competitive, but not excessive, in the relevant market; > Packages are structured ﬂexibly to meet critical resource needs and retain key executives. Total remuneration package The chart below shows the expected values of salary, bonus and long-term incentives for target performance for the executive directors. Group Chief Executive Finance Director MD ST Water MD Biffa President ST Laboratories 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Salary Target Bonus Expected value of long-term incentives The committee considers the mix between ﬁxed and performance pay to be appropriate. In respect of the Managing Director of Biffa, given the announced plan to demerge that business, and the President of ST Laboratories, in view of the need to focus on a short-term turnaround of the US laboratories business, all of their performance pay will be delivered through annual bonus in 2006/07 although the overall split of ﬁxed to performance pay has not altered materially. 40 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Governance Role Fee 2005/06 Fee 2006/07 Chairman Deputy Chairman Senior independent non-executive director Non-executive director – base fee Chairman of board committee – Audit and Remuneration Committees – Other board committees Member of board committee1 £215,000 per annum £100,000 per annum n/a £30,000 per annum £230,000 per annum £100,000 per annum £10,000 per annum £40,000 per annum £10,000 per committee £7,500 per committee £3,000 per committee £15,000 per committee n/a £3,000 per committee 1 From 1 April 2006 no fees are paid for membership of the Nominations Committee. Personal shareholdings The company operates shareholding guidelines under which executive directors are expected to build and maintain a minimum holding of shares in the company. The Group Chief Executive is expected to build and maintain a holding of shares to the value of 1.5 x base salary and other executive directors 1 x base salary. Executive directors are expected to retain at least half of the shares they receive through the Long Term Incentive Plans or other share based plans to enable them to meet the guideline holdings within ﬁve years. If insufﬁcient shares are awarded within ﬁve years then this timescale will be extended. Through a variety of share schemes, all employees are encouraged to hold shares in the company. Non-executive directors are not eligible to participate in incentive plans nor is any pension provision made. Save for John Smith, whose total fees are paid directly to his employer, non-executive directors receive payment of part of their fees in the form of shares in the company which are expected to be retained for the duration of their appointment. The non-executive directors do not have service contracts or consultancy agreements with any group company, but they do have letters of appointment. Remuneration arrangements for executive directors The remuneration arrangements for executive directors comprise the following elements: External directorships Executive directors are encouraged to take on external non-executive directorships, though normally only one other FTSE 100 appointment. In order to avoid any conﬂicts of interest, all such appointments are subject to the approval of the Nominations Committee. Executive directors are normally only permitted to retain the fees arising from one such appointment. Chairman and other non-executive directors The remuneration policy for non-executive directors, other than the Chairman, is determined by the board, within the limits set out in the Articles of Association. A review of the fees for the Chairman and non- executive directors took place in March 2006 and the fees that apply from 1 April 2006 are shown in the table above. During the year, Sir John Egan was paid fees of £215,000 for his role as Chairman. This included £16,125 paid in the form of shares. Sir John is provided with a company car, but does not participate in any of the company’s pension arrangements, share or bonus schemes. During the year, Martin Flower was paid fees of £100,000 for his role as Deputy Chairman. This included £5,000 paid in the form of shares. He does not participate in any of the company’s pension arrangements, share or bonus schemes or receive beneﬁts in kind. His fees include the premiums for chairing the Remuneration Committee and being senior independent non-executive director. > Base salary and beneﬁts; > Annual bonus plan; > Long Term Incentive Plans; > Post retirement beneﬁts. Details of each of the above elements are as follows: Base salaries and beneﬁts Base salaries are a ﬁxed cash sum payable monthly. The company’s policy is to set the salary for each executive director having regard to the market median for similar roles in publicly quoted companies of a comparable size and, so far as practical, undertaking similar activities. Salaries for individual directors are reviewed annually by the committee and generally take effect on 1 April. Salaries are set with reference to individual performance, experience and contribution, together with developments in the relevant employment market and internal relativities. Executive directors’ salaries have recently been reviewed for the ﬁnancial year 2006/07 other than in respect of Martin Bettington where, given the decision to demerge Biffa, the committee concluded it was more appropriate to defer any review until the terms of the demerger are ﬁnalised, with any new salary taking effect on demerger. They are as follows: Director Martin Bettington Rachel Brydon Jannetta Colin Matthews Michael McKeon Salary wef April 06 Increase £325,000 $385,000 £560,000 £370,000 0% 0% 7.7% 0% (appointed December 2005) Tony Wray £275,000 11% Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 41 Governance Directors’ remuneration report continued It should be noted that only two of the ﬁve executive directors received an increase. It is not the committee’s policy to award increases in the year of joining as an executive settles into their role so Michael McKeon received no increase while Tony Wray received a slightly higher than normal level of increase reﬂecting the time elapsed since joining the company. Colin Matthews’ increase largely reﬂected the outcome of the review to position him at the relevant market level given he has now held the position of Group Chief Executive for just over a year. Rachel Brydon Jannetta’s salary was reviewed but not increased in view of the ﬁnancial performance of the Laboratories business. Having taken advice from New Bridge Street Consultants LLP in structuring the package, the committee considers the package to be appropriate. Annual bonus plan Executive directors are eligible for annual bonuses to encourage improved performance, measured by reference to both ﬁnancial and non ﬁnancial factors. Performance targets are established by the committee to align executive directors’ interests with shareholders and comprise proﬁtability (plus return on capital employed for Martin Bettington), the achievement of personal objectives and speciﬁc targets relating to health and safety performance. Annual bonus payments are not taken into account in calculating executive directors’ pension entitlements. Given the outcome of the strategic review detailed in the Chairman’s statement on page 4 and the demands the execution of the strategy will place upon executives, the committee has concluded that it is appropriate to increase bonus opportunity to, broadly, the mid point between FTSE 100 and pure water companies. The committee is also conscious that it may be appropriate to modify the remuneration arrangements again once the strategy review has been fully implemented and it has notiﬁed executives accordingly. In addition, given the decision to demerge Biffa, and the decision that US Laboratories is non core, the committee does not consider it appropriate to include the Managing Director of Biffa and the President of ST Laboratories within the annual award of long term incentives. Accordingly, in respect of 2006/07 only, their annual bonus potential will be set at 150% of base salary. The committee considers that this has approximately the same expected value as the combination of historic annual bonus and LTIP awards. The additional bonus potential will be focused on the delivery of superior proﬁt growth which is considered to be the most demonstrable way of measuring the enhancement of shareholder value in the forthcoming year and in the lead up to the demerger. The maximum bonus potential for executive directors is shown below: 2005/06 2006/07 Martin Bettington 75% Rachel Brydon Jannetta 75% 60% Colin Matthews 60% Michael McKeon 50% Mark Wilson 50% Tony Wray 150% 150% 80% 70% – 70% In 2005/06 there were seven executives immediately below board level who were paid between £150,000 and £250,000 per annum. Salary £000 150-175 176-200 201-225 226-250 Number of Executives 1 4 1 1 The non salary beneﬁts for executive directors comprise the use of company car or allowance, fuel, private medical insurance, life assurance and an incapacity beneﬁts scheme. Private medical insurance and some other beneﬁts may be ﬂexed under the company’s ﬂexible beneﬁts scheme. As they are ﬂexing within the same value of overall package, their individual choices are not reﬂected in the table of Directors’ emoluments on page 48. Michael McKeon As referred to above, Michael McKeon’s salary was set at £370,000 on joining the company and is not due to be reviewed again before April 2007. The other terms of his package are as follows: > His annual bonus opportunity was originally set at 60% of salary (with the bonus for the 2005/06 ﬁnancial year being pro-rated to the period employed). He has no entitlement to any guaranteed bonus amount. > Michael was entitled to an LTIP award over 36,405 shares on joining and to participate in the normal 2006 award. However, as the company has been in a prohibited period since his date of joining, it has not been possible to make the initial award and it is currently envisaged that he will receive the initial award when the 2006 LTIP awards are made reﬂecting both commitments. The terms of that award will be consistent with the awards to all other participants. In next year’s Directors’ remuneration report, a detailed description of the terms of the award will be included as it will exceed the normal limit under the LTIP of 125% of salary. > The company is also meeting the direct costs associated with Michael’s relocation and an amount in respect of tax arising on the beneﬁt. £38,137 in respect of this is included within the table of Directors’ emoluments on page 48. 42 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Governance It is not the committee’s policy to award transaction related bonuses and there is no current intention to pay transaction related bonuses to any executive director linked to the successful demerger of Biffa. Annual bonus – maximum value of bonus elements as % of base salary Director % salary paid in respect of % salary paid in respect Health & safety of non- ﬁnancial ﬁnancial multiplier targets targets % overall salary achieved achieved 2005/06 Director Financial ﬁnancial Max Non bonus value Martin Bettington 50% Rachel Brydon Jannetta 50% 40% Colin Matthews 40% Michael McKeon 30% Mark Wilson 33% Tony Wray 25% 25% 20% 20% 20% 17% 75% 75% 60% 60% 50% 50% 2006/07 Director Financial ﬁnancial Max Non bonus value Martin Bettington 100% Rachel Brydon Jannetta 100% 53% Colin Matthews 47% Michael McKeon 47% Tony Wray 50% 150% 50% 150% 80% 27% 70% 23% 70% 23% Given the prime importance which the board and the committee place on health and safety issues, the indicative bonus is then adjusted by a multiplier based on health and safety performance but, in all cases, subject to the overall bonus maximum. The maximum bonus payable to executives below board level differs according to the businesses in which they operate but, in all cases, are generally no higher than the bonus opportunity enjoyed by the executive director to whom they report. The committee considers that the performance requirements are stretching. The actual bonuses awarded by the committee for the year ended 31 March 2006 are shown in the table of Directors’ emoluments on page 48. The following table shows how the split of the bonuses paid in respect of the year ended 31 March 2006 related to the targets set at the start of the year (as disclosed in last year’s Remuneration Report): Martin Bettington 9.5 Rachel Brydon Jannetta Colin Matthews Michael McKeon Mark Wilson2 Tony Wray 0 32 32 n/a 15 14 0.751 17.63 9 18 20 n/a 8 1.5 11 1.31 n/a 1.5 13.5 50 60 50 35 1 The Remuneration Committee reduced the multiplier from 1.5 to 0.75 for Martin Bettington as a result of their assessment of Biffa’s overall safety performance. Similarly, Colin Matthews was restricted from 1.31 to 1 given his ultimate responsibility for safety across the group. 2 Mark Wilson’s bonus was paid based upon delivery of key objectives agreed with him as part of his termination package. Long term incentives At the 2005 Annual General Meeting, shareholders approved the introduction of the Long Term Incentive Plan 2005 (LTIP 2005), which replaced the 1997 Long Term Incentive Plan. Under the LTIP 2005, annual conditional awards of performance shares may be made to executive directors and senior staff, up to an annual maximum limit of shares worth 125% of base salary. In 2005, the Group Chief Executive received an award over shares worth 100% of salary with other executive directors and senior staff receiving lower awards. In 2006, it is proposed that the Group Chief Executive receives an award of shares worth 125% of base salary with other executive directors receiving up to 100% (other than the Managing Director of Biffa and President of ST Laboratories who, as explained in the section headed Annual bonus plan, will not receive any award in 2006.) The number of shares subject to an award will increase to reﬂect dividends paid through the performance period on the basis of such notional dividends being reinvested at the then prevailing share price. Awards will normally vest as soon as the committee determines that the performance conditions have been met provided that the participant remains in employment at the end of the performance period. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 43 Governance Directors’ remuneration report continued 2005 LTIP awards In respect of awards made to executive directors in 2005, the vesting of 50% is dependent on performance against group economic proﬁt (EP) targets, and the remaining 50% is dependent on a Total Shareholder Return (TSR) target, both over a ﬁxed three year period beginning on the ﬁrst day of the ﬁnancial year in which the award was made. There is no retesting of either condition. The EP targets relate, in the case of below board level executives in the operating businesses, to the EP of their speciﬁc business. These conditions were chosen because the committee considered EP to be a key driver of Severn Trent’s ﬁnancial performance, whilst TSR was considered to be the most appropriate means of aligning the interests of the executives with investors through generating superior shareholder returns. For median TSR/threshold EP levels of performance, 25% of that part of the award will vest and, for upper quartile TSR/ stretch EP levels of performance, 100% of that part of the award will vest. Vesting between 25% and 100% will be on a straight-line basis between ranking points for both parts of the award. In addition, for awards to vest, the committee must verify that the company’s TSR is reﬂective of the company’s underlying performance. For the half of the award which is dependent on EP targets, the approach for setting the performance conditions was discussed with key institutional investors who acknowledged that, due to the commercially sensitive nature of the EP performance conditions, it was not appropriate for them to be publicly disseminated. The committee has conﬁrmed that the minimum threshold level of vesting in respect of the water business over the ﬁve year cycle will not be lower than that implied in the most recently published Ofwat Determination. The maximum level of vesting was set at a level which is, in the view of the committee, comparably stretching to the upper quartile TSR condition. For those executives below board level in the non-water core subsidiaries, 75% of their awards were set by reference to EP targets. The extent to which the EP performance condition is satisﬁed will be calculated internally but, as with the previous LTIP, independently reviewed. The TSR comparator group comprises water and waste companies and FTSE 100 high yield companies (excluding ﬁnancial and retail companies or other sectors which might result in an undue bias in the sample). ‘High yield’ was deﬁned as companies which had an average gross yield that was greater than base rate minus 0.75% in the calendar month preceding the start of the performance period and their use as comparators recognises the fact that, at least in part, shareholders choose to invest in the company for the dividend income it produces. After the end of the performance period, the TSR performance condition will be measured and independently veriﬁed by New Bridge Street Consultants LLP on behalf of the committee. The constituents of the TSR comparator group for the 2005 award are: AWG BOC Group BT Group Diageo Kelda Group National Grid Northumbrian Water Pearson Pennon Group Rentokil Initial Scottish & Newcastle Scot. & Southern Energy Scottish Power Shanks Group Unilever United Utilities 2006 LTIP awards The committee considers that, given the outcome of the strategic review of the group’s operations, TSR will more clearly represent an alignment of executives’ interests with those of shareholders. The awards to be made in 2006, therefore, will be based exclusively on TSR. The committee intends to use a similar methodology for selecting the comparator group as it did for the 2005 awards. Again, the committee will review the proposed constituents before making any award to ensure that, overall, they are appropriate. Calculation of EP performance during transition to International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) For unvested awards made prior to 2006, the basis for measuring the proﬁts that underpin the EP calculation was set under UK GAAP, whereas the end of the performance period will be reported under IFRS. The committee has restated the base conditions for the 2005 awards under IFRS to ensure that the targets are measured on a consistent basis and as originally intended. The 2003 and 2004 awards will continue to be measured and set on a UK GAAP basis given the difﬁculty in restating the base ﬁgures and the committee will ensure that the end ﬁgures are measured consistently. Performance graph This graph shows the value, by 31 March 2006, of £100 invested in Severn Trent Plc on 31 March 2001 compared with the value of £100 invested in the FTSE 100 Index. The FTSE 100 was chosen as the comparator because the company is a constituent of that index. Total shareholder return ) £ ( e u a V l 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 31-03-01 31-03-02 31-03-03 31-03-04 31-03-05 31-03-06 Severn Trent Plc FTSE 100 Index 44 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Governance Hedging policy for employee share incentive schemes Details of the company’s shares that are held in trust on behalf of participants of certain of the employee share schemes are given on page 89. In respect of the LTIPs, the company’s hedging policy is to purchase, and hold in trust, 50% of the total number of shares that could potentially vest from all outstanding LTIP awards. The requirement to purchase shares to maintain the 50% hedge is calculated, and carried out, shortly after each annual award. The company has a future obligation in respect of Mark Wilson who joined the Scheme after 1 June 1989 and was, therefore, subject to the Cap, to pay the difference between his pension entitlement based upon the relevant portion of his salary and the maximum amount payable had the Cap not been in place. The obligation is unfunded. Having taken account of the new tax regime, the Remuneration Committee allowed partial roll in of unfunded arrangements into the funded scheme. There is no additional cost to the company. Awards made under the company’s Share Incentive Plan have no attached performance condition and all of the shares taken up by employees at each invitation are purchased and placed in trust immediately. The committee is satisﬁed that the overall dilution limits provide sufﬁcient headroom for all the company’s share schemes. Post retirement beneﬁts Of the current executive directors, Martin Bettington, Colin Matthews and Tony Wray participate in the Senior Staff Pension Scheme (as did Mark Wilson prior to his departure). The Scheme is a funded Inland Revenue approved ﬁnal salary occupational pension scheme which provides: > A normal retirement age of 60 years; > An overall pension at normal retirement age of two-thirds of ﬁnal pensionable salary, which for executive directors is deﬁned as base salary only, subject to the completion of 20 years’ pensionable service; > Life cover of 4 x pensionable earnings; > A pension payable in the event of retirement on grounds of ill health; > A dependant’s pension on death of two thirds of the member’s pension. Colin Matthews and Tony Wray participate up to the level of the Inland Revenue earnings cap (“the Cap”) which in 2005/06 was £105,600. In 2006/07 a scheme speciﬁc cap of £108,600 will apply. Members’ contributions are payable at the rate of 6% of pensionable earnings. Early retirement is available after the age of 50 with the consent of the company. Any pension would be subject to a reduction that the Trustee considers appropriate, acting on actuarial advice, to reﬂect the expected longer payment of the pension. In the event of incapacity, early retirement is available on an unreduced basis allowing for pensionable service to age 60. The current service cost charged to the income statement in the year for the future unfunded obligation was £325,000. As disclosed in last year’s Remuneration Report, the company has reviewed its pension policy for directors and employees as a result of the Pensions Act 2004, Finance Act 2004 and the results of the triennial valuation of two of its main schemes during 2004. As a result of this review, new executives are offered an allowance, expressed as a percentage of base salary, to fund their own pension provision. The individual is able to choose whether the allowance is paid to the company’s registered deﬁned contribution (DC) scheme, taken as cash or paid to a personal pension arrangement. This reﬂects the wish of the committee to remove future exposure to deﬁned beneﬁt schemes for senior executives. The new arrangements were applied for Michael McKeon’s appointment at 40% of base salary. In addition, in order to align executive director pension provision, Rachel Brydon Jannetta chose to become a deferred member of the Severn Trent Pension scheme from 1 December 2005 and was provided with a cash allowance in lieu of pension scheme membership applied at 40% of base salary. Colin Matthews and Tony Wray are also provided with a cash supplement in lieu of the unfunded arrangement at 40% of their respective salaries above the Cap. Forward looking statement The committee will keep the existing remuneration arrangements, as detailed in this report, under review during the next year to ensure that the company’s reward programmes remain competitive and provide appropriate incentives. No signiﬁcant changes to the reward arrangements for executive directors are anticipated prior to the completion and implementation of the strategic review and the committee proposes to review the arrangements again at that time. Under the Trust Deed and Rules, pensions in payment in excess of any Guaranteed Minimum Pension are guaranteed to increase in line with price inﬂation subject to a maximum of 5% each year. In the calculation of individual cash equivalent transfer values, allowance is made for such increases. However, there will be the normal individual reviews of base salary, annual bonus and LTIP award levels. The performance targets for incentive arrangements will continue to be reviewed to ensure alignment with group strategy and will maintain a signiﬁcant emphasis on the achievement of health and safety performance targets. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 45 Governance Directors’ remuneration report continued Directors’ service agreements and letters of engagement A new model service contract was approved by the committee in 2004. All current executive directors have signed the model contract and, accordingly, service agreements for all executive directors have notice periods of 12 months. They also provide for a maximum damages payment in the case of redundancy or termination in breach of the agreement by the company of up to 175% of base salary which was calculated as a conservative pre-estimate of the value of salary, ﬁxed beneﬁts and on target bonus. The reference to 175% is a cap and any damages payments will not be made automatically but will be subject to both phasing and mitigation unless, in the circumstances, the committee considers it appropriate to achieve a clean break through payment of a lump sum in which case it will require some discount for early payment. Contracts also permit the committee to take into account a view of the extent of poor performance on the part of the executive director. Any payment will not include amounts in respect of awards which have been made under the company’s LTIPs over which the committee retains discretion. There are no speciﬁc contractual payments or beneﬁts which would be triggered in the event of a change in control of the company. The committee believes that the contracts provide as much scope as is feasible to protect the interests of shareholders when negotiating a termination, at which time it would address the duty of mitigation. The service contract for Rachel Brydon Jannetta, who is based in the US and employed by a US subsidiary, is in the same format as for other executive directors but modiﬁed to reﬂect prevailing US employment legislation. The dates of the current executive directors’ agreements, the dates on which their appointments became effective and the current expiry dates of their agreements are as follows: Executive directors Date of agreement Effective date Expiry date Martin Bettington Rachel Brydon Jannetta Colin Matthews Michael McKeon Tony Wray 10 June 2004 30 June 2004 3 June 2004 6 December 2005 19 January 2005 10 June 2004 1 September 2004 6 September 2004 13 December 2005 7 March 2005 Terminable on 12 months’ notice Terminable on 12 months’ notice Terminable on 12 months’ notice Terminable on 12 months’ notice Terminable on 12 months’ notice Colin Matthews and Michael McKeon are the subject of reappointment as executive directors at the forthcoming AGM. Details for the executive director who retired from the board during the year are as follows: Executive director Date of agreement Effective date Expiry date Mark Wilson 5 May 2004 1 September 2004 Terminated on 31 December 2005 Mark Wilson retired from the board on 13 December 2005 and his employment was terminated, by mutual consent, on 31 December 2005, with the original decision to terminate having been announced in July 2005. Mark agreed to remain actively employed while a successor was found and he remained in full time employment until 31 December 2005 and received a bonus pro-rated for the period employed. 46 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Governance His termination package, therefore, reﬂected loss of earnings under the contract for the balance of the notice period (approximately ﬁve months). In view of his continued commitment over this period, the committee agreed to pay his termination payment on a lump sum basis rather than on a phased monthly basis but reduced the payment by 10% to reﬂect mitigation. Further, given that Mark worked for a majority of his notice period, the committee concluded, in the circumstances, that it should treat him as a good leaver under the LTIP in respect of the 2003 and 2004 awards so the awards would continue to normal maturity with the performance conditions assessed at that time, although the committee may conclude that it is not necessary to then reduce the 2004 award on a pro-rata basis. There will be no pro-rating of the 2003 award in any event. However, given the period between his departure and the making of the 2005 award, the committee did not exercise its discretion and that award lapsed on his departure. Payments to Mark, are detailed in the table of Directors’ emoluments on page 48. He received a total termination payment of £299,095 as disclosed in that table. No cash contribution to his pension scheme was required. No further payments in terms of salary, pay in lieu of notice, bonus or beneﬁts in kind were or will be made. He has no further contractual or consultancy arrangements with the company and has no personal interest in the company other than as a deferred pension scheme member and as a shareholder. In respect of the Chairman and current non-executive directors, the dates on which their appointments took effect and the current expiry dates are as follows: Chairman and non-executive directors Sir John Egan Bernard Bulkin Marisa Cassoni Richard Davey Martin Flower Martin Houston John Smith Initial appointment Current appointment Current expiry date* 1 October 2004 1 January 2006 1 September 2001 1 January 2006 11 June 1996 1 September 2003 3 November 2003 1 October 2004 1 January 2006 1 September 2004 1 January 2006 11 June 2005 1 September 2003 3 November 2003 31 December 2007 31 December 2008 31 August 2007 31 December 2008 10 June 2006 31 August 2006 2 November 2006 *Subject to the requirements of the company’s Articles of Association for the reappointment of directors at Annual General Meetings. Details for the non-executive directors who retired from the board during the year are as follows: Non-executive directors Initial appointment Last appointment Date retired John McAdam Derek Osborn 18 September 2000 21 September 1998 18 September 2003 21 September 2005 1 September 2005 31 March 2006 It is the normal practice of the company for non-executive directors to serve three three-year terms. Non-executive directors have no right to compensation on the early termination of their appointments. The text and tables that follow comprise the auditable part of the Directors’ remuneration report, being the information required by Part 3 of Schedule 7A to the Companies Act 1985. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 47 Governance Directors’ remuneration report continued Directors’ emoluments Basic salary and fees1 Shares £’000 Total £’000 Cash £’000 Beneﬁts in kind2 £’000 Annual bonus £’000 Total Total Other3 2005/06 2004/05 £’000 £’000 £’000 – – – – 198.9 16.1 215.0 2.6 Chairman and other non-executive directors David Arculus (Chairman – retired 31.12.04) Sir John Egan (Chairman – appointed 01.10.04)4 Marisa Cassoni Martin Flower Martin Houston Colin Matthews5 John McAdam (retired 01.09.05) Derek Osborn (retired 31.03.06) John Smith6 Bernard Bulkin (appointed 01.01.06) Richard Davey (appointed 01.01.06) Executive directors John Banyard (retired 30.12.04) Martin Bettington Rachel Brydon Jannetta Brian Duckworth (retired 31.08.04) Colin Matthews5 Alan Perelman (retired 31.08.04) Robert Walker (retired 02.02.05) Mark Wilson (retired 13.12.05) Tony Wray Michael McKeon (appointed 13.12.05) 36.4 95.0 32.4 – 15.1 41.3 40.0 8.3 8.3 – 325.0 215.5 – 520.0 – – 206.3 250.0 112.1 1.9 5.0 1.6 – – 2.2 – – – – – – – – – – – – – 38.3 100.0 34.0 – 15.1 43.5 40.0 8.3 8.3 – 325.0 215.5 – 520.0 – – 206.3 250.0 112.1 – – – – – – – – – – – – – 0.8 1.2 – – 0.6 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 27.2 9.0 – 10.0 – – 17.1 16.6 0.7 – 57.3 29.4 – 260.0 – – 103.6 87.5 64.8 – 0.2 76.8 – 183.8 – – 323.4 61.2 87.3 – 142.2 217.6 62.1 39.1 101.2 34.0 – 15.7 43.5 40.0 8.3 8.3 – 409.7 330.7 – 973.8 – – 650.4 415.3 264.9 42.4 90.2 30.8 13.4 35.5 52.8 43.8 – – 251.0 519.6 137.6 182.3 534.1 248.6 708.2 203.3 23.1 – Total emoluments 2,104.6 26.8 2,131.4 83.2 602.6 735.3 3,552.5 3,321.0 1 Included within fees for the non-executive directors are amounts to be received by way of shares rather than emoluments, to encourage participation in line with corporate governance best practice. The gross value of shares is recorded in the table above. Non-executive directors who were either appointed or retired during the year received a time apportioned award. The number of shares received by each non-executive director was: > Sir John Egan – 1,253; Marisa Cassoni – 106; Martin Flower – 290; Martin Houston – 90; Derek Osborn – 163. 2 Beneﬁts in kind for Sir John Egan comprise the use of a company car. Beneﬁts in kind for executive directors comprise the use of a company car, fuel, private medical insurance, life assurance and an incapacity beneﬁts scheme. 3 Other emoluments represent expenses chargeable to UK income tax, car allowances, ﬂexible beneﬁts and amounts in lieu of pension contributions or in lieu of entry into the supplementary pension scheme (for those earning earning above the pension cap limit). Included in other emoluments are: > Rachel Brydon Jannetta – cash allowance of £76,752 in lieu of pension contributions > Colin Matthews – cash payment of £165,760 in lieu of entry to supplementary pension scheme > Michael McKeon – relocation expenses of £38,137 and a cash allowance in lieu of pension allowance of £44,594 > Mark Wilson – £299,095 of termination payments and £24,327 for holiday not taken > Tony Wray – cash payment of £57,760 in lieu of entry to the supplementary pension scheme. 4 Sir John Egan was appointed Chairman from 1 January 2005. 5 Colin Matthews was appointed Group Chief Executive Designate on 6 September 2004 and Group Chief Executive on 1 February 2005. 6 John Smith’s total fees are paid directly to his employer. 48 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Governance Directors’ pension provisions The disclosure of pension beneﬁts is made under the requirements of the Listing Rules of the UK Listing Authority (the “Rules”) and also the requirements of the Directors’ Remuneration Report Regulations 2002 (the “Regulations”). These are shown in separate tables below. The Rules require information to cover the period during which a director was a board member, whilst the Regulations require information to cover the ﬁnancial year. The information below sets out the disclosures required by the Regulations: Service completed in years (including transferred in service credits) Martin Bettington Rachel Brydon Jannetta Colin Matthews Mark Wilson Tony Wray 24 14 1 10 1 Accrued pension at 31.03.06 £pa 166,715 25,107 5,503 92,590 3,749 Increase in accrued pension during the year £pa 15,193 2,155 3,575 24,219 3,525 Increase in accrued pension during the year (net of inﬂation)1 £pa 11,102 1,536 3,523 22,373 3,519 Transfer value of accrued pension at 31.03.062 £000 2,381.3 145.0 62.3 967.3 31.2 Increase/ (decrease) in transfer value over the year, net pension at of directors’ 31.03.052 contributions £000 Transfer value of accrued £000 1,917.3 184.4 19.4 641.2 1.7 444.5 (40.3) 36.5 319.8 23.1 The information below sets out the disclosures required by the Rules: Accrued pension at 31.03.06 £pa Increase in accrued pension during the year £pa Martin Bettington Rachel Brydon Jannetta Colin Matthews Mark Wilson Tony Wray 166,715 25,107 5,503 92,590 3,749 15,193 2,155 3,575 24,219 3,525 Increase in accrued pension during the year (net of inﬂation)1 £pa Transfer value of increase in accrued beneﬁts net of directors’ contributions2 £000 11,102 1,536 3,523 22,373 3,519 197.5 11.6 34.1 246.7 23.0 1 Inﬂation over the year is measured by reference to the increase in the retail price index between March 2005, or the month prior to appointment, and March 2006, or the earlier date of leaving. 2 The transfer values have been calculated in accordance with Actuarial Guidance Note GN11 published by the Institute of Actuaries and Faculty of Actuaries. The pensions shown above will be provided through the Severn Trent Senior Staff Pension Scheme, the Severn Trent Supplemental Pension Scheme and the Severn Trent Pension Scheme. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 49 Governance Directors’ remuneration report continued Beneﬁcial holdings The directors of the company at 31 March 2006 and their beneﬁcial interests in the shares of the company were as follows: i) Beneﬁcial holdings At 1 April 2005 or subsequent date of appointment Number of ordinary shares of 65 5/19p each At 31 March 2006 Number of ordinary shares of 65 5/19p each At 5 June 2006 Number of ordinary shares of 65 5/19p each Chairman and other non-executive directors Sir John Egan (Chairman) Bernard Bulkin Marisa Cassoni Richard Davey Martin Flower Martin Houston John Smith Executive directors Martin Bettington Rachel Brydon Jannetta Colin Matthews Michael McKeon Tony Wray 6,035 – 814 – 2,073 1,313 – 24,405 20,032 1,034 – – 7,288 – 920 – 2,363 1,403 – 40,883 36,114 1,059 – – 7,288 – 920 – 2,363 1,403 – 40,883 36,114 1,059 – – Rachel Brydon Jannetta, Martin Bettington, Colin Matthews and Tony Wray have further interests in the company’s ordinary shares of 655⁄19p each by virtue of having received contingent awards of shares under the Severn Trent Plc Long Term Incentive Plans (the ‘LTIPs’) on 13 August 2003, 15 December 2004 and 5 September 2005. The LTIPs operate on a three year rolling basis. The Severn Trent Employee Share Ownership Trust is operated in conjunction with the LTIPs. Awards do not vest until they have been held in trust for three years and speciﬁc performance criteria have been satisﬁed. The performance criteria are speciﬁc to each award. The details of performance criteria for the 2005 and 2006 awards are explained on page 44. For the 2003 award the comparator group consists of: AWG Plc, Kelda Plc, Pennon Group Plc, Shanks Plc, United Utilities Plc, Northumbrian Water Plc and Waste Recycling Group Plc. The same comparator group, minus Waste Recycling Group Plc was used for the 2004 award. The 2003 and 2004 LTIP awards will be triggered if the company’s TSR performance is at the median or above and the EP meets the scaled targets set. EP is calculated by reference to a post tax rate of return of 7.5%. 50 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Governance The individual interests, for the named directors and for the directors who left during the year, which represent the maximum aggregate number of shares to which each individual could become entitled, are as follows: At 1 April 2005 or subsequent date of appointment Number of ordinary shares of 65 5/19p each Awards vested during year Market price at time of vesting (p) Martin Bettington 82,020 (27,888) 1029.75 Rachel Brydon Jannetta 54,369 (16,282) 1029.75 52,600 Colin Matthews – 43,339 (11,952) 1029.75 Mark Wilson – Tony Wray – – – At 31 March 2006 or earlier date of leaving Number Awards of ordinary shares of lapsed 65 5/19p during each year Market price at time of 2005 award (p) 1017 1017 1017 1017 1017 77,465 – 46,022 – – 105,933 31,387 17,948 (19,743) – Gain on vesting (£,000) 287.2 167.7 – 123.1 – Awarded during year 23,333 7,935 53,333 19,743 17,948 The awards that vested during the year were awarded on 24 September 2002 at a market price of 598.5p. No further awards have been made under the LTIPs as at 5 June 2006. The performance period for allocations of shares made in 2003 ended on 31 March 2006. The Remuneration Committee has subsequently determined, based on the company’s Total Shareholder Return over the three year performance period, that participants are not entitled to an award. There has been no change in directors’ interests between 31 March 2006 and the date of this report. ii) Options over ordinary shares At the start of the year or subsequent date of Exercised Cancelled Granted appoint- ment (No. of shares) during the year (No. of shares) during the year (No. of shares) At the end of the year or during earlier date of leaving (No. of shares) of option the year (No. of shares) Year of grant Exercise price (p) Date from which exercisable Expiry date Sharesave1 Martin Bettington 1,248 3,020 Mark Wilson – – – – – – 1,248 3,020 2005 2002 759 May 2008 Oct 2008 Jan 2006 Jun 2006 548 1 The executive directors, in common with all eligible UK employees of the group, are entitled to participate in the company’s Inland Revenue approved Sharesave Scheme. The terms and conditions applicable to these options are those provided in that scheme. The options have no performance conditions as such conditions are not permitted by legislation. 2 No executive share options in respect of executive directors were granted or lapsed during the year. At 31 March 2006 there were 145 other executives participating in the group’s Share Option Scheme (2005: 181). 3 At the close of business on 31 March 2006 the mid-market price of the company’s shares was 1117p (31 March 2005: 915p) and the range during the year was 9161⁄2p to 1183p. Signed on behalf of the board who approved the Directors’ remuneration report on 5 June 2006. Martin Flower Chairman of the Remuneration Committee Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 51 Group ﬁnancial statements Independent auditors’ report to the members of Severn Trent Plc We have audited the group ﬁnancial statements of Severn Trent Plc for the year ended 31 March 2006 which comprise the consolidated income statement, the consolidated balance sheet, the consolidated cash ﬂow statement, the consolidated statement of recognised income and expense and the related notes 1 to 41. These group ﬁnancial statements have been prepared under the accounting policies set out therein. We have also audited the information in the directors’ remuneration report that is described as having been audited. We have reported separately on the individual company ﬁnancial statements of Severn Trent Plc for the year ended 31 March 2006. This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with section 235 of the Companies Act 1985. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditors’ report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. Respective responsibilities of directors and auditors The directors’ responsibilities for preparing the annual report, the directors’ remuneration report and the group ﬁnancial statements in accordance with applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted for use in the European Union are set out in the directors’ responsibilities statement. Our responsibility is to audit the group ﬁnancial statements and the part of the directors’ remuneration report described as having been audited in accordance with relevant United Kingdom legal and regulatory requirements and International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). We report to you our opinion as to whether the group ﬁnancial statements give a true and fair view, in accordance with the relevant ﬁnancial reporting framework, and whether the group ﬁnancial statements and the part of the directors’ remuneration report described as having been audited have been properly prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 1985 and Article 4 of the IAS Regulation. We report to you whether in our opinion the information given in the directors’ report is consistent with the group ﬁnancial statements. We also report to you if we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit, or if information speciﬁed by law regarding directors’ transactions with the company and other members of the group is not disclosed. We also report to you if, in our opinion, the company has not complied with any of the four directors’ remuneration disclosure requirements speciﬁed for our review by the Listing Rules of the Financial Services Authority. These comprise the amount of each element in the remuneration package and information on share options, details of long term incentive schemes, and money purchase and deﬁned beneﬁt schemes. We give a statement, to the extent possible, of details of any non-compliance. We review whether the corporate governance statement reﬂects the company’s compliance with the nine provisions of the 2003 FRC Combined Code speciﬁed for our review by the Listing Rules of the Financial Services Authority, and we report if it does not. We are not required to consider whether the board’s statement on internal control covers all risks and controls, or form an opinion on the effectiveness of the group’s corporate governance procedures or its risk and control procedures. We read the other information contained in the annual report for the above year as described in the contents section including the unaudited part of the directors’ remuneration report and we consider the implications for our report if we become aware of any apparent misstatements or material inconsistencies with the group ﬁnancial statements. Basis of audit opinion We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland) issued by the Auditing Practices Board. An audit includes examination, on a test basis, of evidence relevant to the amounts and disclosures in the group ﬁnancial statements and the part of the directors’ remuneration report described as having been audited. It also includes an assessment of the signiﬁcant estimates and judgements made by the directors in the preparation of the group ﬁnancial statements, and of whether the accounting policies are appropriate to the company’s circumstances, consistently applied and adequately disclosed. We planned and performed our audit so as to obtain all the information and explanations which we considered necessary in order to provide us with sufﬁcient evidence to give reasonable assurance that the group ﬁnancial statements and the part of the directors’ remuneration report described as having been audited are free from material misstatement, whether caused by fraud or other irregularity or error. In forming our opinion we also evaluated the overall adequacy of the presentation of information in the group ﬁnancial statements and the part of the directors’ remuneration report described as having been audited. Opinion In our opinion: > the group ﬁnancial statements give a true and fair view, in accordance with IFRSs as adopted for use in the European Union, of the state of the group’s affairs as at 31 March 2006 and of its proﬁt for the year then ended; and > the group ﬁnancial statements and the part of the directors’ remuneration report described as having been audited have been properly prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 1985 and Article 4 of the IAS Regulation; and > the information given in the directors’ report is consistent with the group ﬁnancial statements. Deloitte & Touche LLP Chartered Accountants and Registered Auditors London United Kingdom 5 June 2006 52 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Consolidated income statement Year ended 31 March 2006 Turnover Operating costs before exceptional items Exceptional restructuring costs and termination of operations Exceptional demerger costs Exceptional proﬁt on disposal of property and investments Total operating costs Proﬁt before interest, tax and exceptional items Exceptional items Operating proﬁt Finance income Finance costs Net ﬁnance costs before fair value movements on treasury instruments Fair value movements on treasury instruments Total net ﬁnance costs Group ﬁnancial statements Notes 4, 5 7 7 7 6 7 4 9 9 9 9 9 2006 £m 2005 £m 2,295.0 2,014.4 (1,806.8) (7.9) (7.8) – (1,615.6) (14.2) – 11.9 (1,822.5) (1,617.9) 488.2 (15.7) 398.8 (2.3) 472.5 396.5 7.9 (175.8) (167.9) (36.7) 3.5 (173.0) (169.5) – (204.6) (169.5) Share of results of associates and joint ventures 4,17,18 2.1 1.8 Proﬁt before tax, fair value movements on treasury instruments and exceptional items Exceptional items Fair value movements on treasury instruments Proﬁt on ordinary activities before taxation Taxation on proﬁt on ordinary activities – current tax – deferred tax Total taxation Proﬁt for the period from continuing operations Discontinued operations (Loss)/proﬁt for the period from discontinued operations Proﬁt for the period Attributable to: Equity holders of the company Equity minority interests Earnings per share (pence) From continuing operations Basic Diluted From continuing and discontinued operations Basic Diluted 7 9 10 10 10 11 13 13 13 13 322.4 (15.7) (36.7) 231.1 (2.3) – 270.0 228.8 (48.7) 6.0 (42.7) (37.9) (33.6) (71.5) 227.3 157.3 (4.3) 0.8 223.0 158.1 221.6 1.4 223.0 157.4 0.7 158.1 65.2 64.7 63.9 63.5 45.4 45.1 45.7 45.3 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 53 Group ﬁnancial statements Consolidated balance sheet At 31 March 2006 Non current assets Goodwill Other intangible assets Property, plant and equipment Interests in joint ventures Interests in associates Derivative ﬁnancial instruments Available for sale ﬁnancial assets Current assets Inventory Trade and other receivables Derivative ﬁnancial instruments Cash and cash equivalents Assets held for sale Total assets Current liabilities Borrowings Derivative ﬁnancial instruments Trade and other payables Current income tax liabilities Provisions for other liabilities and charges Liabilities directly associated with assets classiﬁed as held for sale Non-current liabilities Borrowings Derivative ﬁnancial instruments Trade and other payables Deferred tax liabilities Retirement beneﬁt obligations Provisions for other liabilities and charges Total liabilities Net assets Capital and reserves attributable to the company’s equity shareholders Called up share capital Share premium account Other reserves Retained earnings Equity attributable to the company’s equity shareholders Minority interests Total equity Signed on behalf of the board who approved the accounts on 5 June 2006. Sir John Egan Chairman Michael McKeon Group Finance Director 54 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Notes 2006 £m 2005 £m 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 19 23 11 24 19 25 27 11 24 19 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 32 32 32 506.3 112.4 5,743.1 9.7 19.6 3.7 0.5 499.1 125.8 5,639.4 9.5 16.3 – 0.7 6,395.3 6,290.8 54.4 481.5 10.8 142.6 689.3 41.5 66.0 492.5 – 90.8 649.3 – 7,126.1 6,940.1 (808.2) (114.4) (540.6) (48.8) (30.1) (28.5) (486.5) – (578.0) (69.6) (32.2) – (1,570.6) (1,166.3) (2,295.5) (30.1) (158.7) (870.2) (221.9) (80.1) (2,498.9) – (129.2) (888.1) (317.5) (90.6) (3,656.5) (3,924.3) (5,227.1) (5,090.6) 1,899.0 1,849.5 227.2 48.6 432.4 1,188.2 1,896.4 2.6 225.8 38.4 467.3 1,116.1 1,847.6 1.9 1,899.0 1,849.5 Consolidated cash ﬂow statement Year ended 31 March 2006 Cash generated from operations Interest paid Interest element of ﬁnance lease rental payments Tax paid Net cash generated from operating activities Investing activities Interest received Dividends received from associates and joint ventures Net loans advanced to associates and joint ventures Net cash inﬂow from available for sale ﬁxed asset investments Acquisition of subsidiaries net of cash acquired Proceeds on disposal of subsidiary Proceeds on disposal of associate Proceeds on disposal of property, plant and equipment Purchases of intangible assets Purchases of property, plant and equipment Contributions and grants received Net cash used in investing activities Financing activities Dividends paid to shareholders of the parent Dividends paid to minority interests Repayments of borrowings Receipts from sale and lease back transactions Repayment of obligations under ﬁnance leases New loans raised Purchases of own shares Issue of shares Net cash used in ﬁnancing activities Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Net cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period Effect of foreign exchange rates Group ﬁnancial statements Notes 35 2006 £m 758.9 (139.4) (45.1) (68.3) 2005 £m 623.3 (136.3) (16.8) (36.5) 506.1 433.7 4.4 2.7 (2.3) 0.2 (0.3) 1.6 – 8.4 (29.6) (407.5) 32.8 2.0 3.5 (1.8) 1.4 (3.1) – 6.5 15.6 (34.2) (417.8) 30.0 (389.6) (397.9) (234.3) (0.8) (500.2) 170.2 (167.7) 648.8 – 11.6 (162.0) (0.6) (442.4) – (8.1) 556.6 (4.1) 5.5 (72.4) (55.1) 44.1 64.4 1.9 (19.3) 83.2 0.5 Net cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period 35 110.4 64.4 Net cash and cash equivalents comprise Cash and cash equivalents Bank overdrafts Net cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period 35 35 35 142.6 (32.2) 110.4 90.8 (26.4) 64.4 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 55 Group ﬁnancial statements Consolidated statement of recognised income and expense Year ended 31 March 2006 Losses on cash ﬂow hedges taken to equity Exchange movement on translation of overseas results and net assets Exchange differences on hedges of net investment Tax on exchange differences on foreign currency hedging Actuarial gains on deﬁned beneﬁt pension schemes Deferred tax on items posted directly to equity Net income recognised directly in equity Transfers Transfers to income statement on cashﬂow hedge Deferred tax on transfers to income statement Proﬁt for the period Total recognised income and expense for the period Attributable to: Equity holders of the parent Minority interest Total recognised income and expense for the period Notes 30,31 2006 £m 0.3 21.6 (5.3) 1.8 26.3 (8.0) 36.7 4.5 (1.4) 2005 £m – (3.6) 0.8 (0.2) 43.2 (13.0) 27.2 – – 223.0 158.1 262.8 185.3 261.4 1.4 184.6 0.7 262.8 185.3 Change in accounting policy on adoption of IAS32 and IAS39 all attributable to equity holders of the parent 31,32 (57.8) – 56 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements 1 General information The Severn Trent group has a number of operations. These are described in the segmental analysis in note 4. Severn Trent Plc is a company incorporated and domiciled in the United Kingdom. The address of its registered ofﬁce is shown on the back of the cover of the annual report and accounts. Severn Trent Plc is listed on the London Stock Exchange. 2 Accounting policies a) Basis of preparation The ﬁnancial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), International Accounting Standards (IAS) and IFRIC interpretations issued and effective and ratiﬁed by the European Union as at 31 March 2006 and those parts of the Companies Act 1985 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS as adopted by the European Union. The ﬁnancial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention as modiﬁed by the revaluation of ﬁnancial assets and liabilities (including derivative instruments) at fair value through proﬁt and loss. The preparation of ﬁnancial statements in conformity with IFRS requires the use of estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the ﬁnancial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses for the reporting period. Although these estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of the amount, event or actions, actual results may ultimately differ from those estimates. b) First time adoption of IFRS The group’s date of transition to IFRS is 1 April 2004 and all comparative information in the ﬁnancial statements has been restated to reﬂect the group’s adoption of IFRS, except where otherwise required or permitted by International Financial Reporting Standard 1 – ‘First Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards’ (IFRS 1). Details of this transition are given in note 41. IFRS 1 requires an entity to comply with each IFRS effective at the reporting date for its ﬁrst IFRS ﬁnancial statements. As a general principle, IFRS 1 requires the standards effective at the reporting date to be applied retrospectively, however, retrospective application is prohibited in some areas. In addition, there are a number of optional exemptions from full retrospective application of IFRSs within IFRS 1. Group policy on optional IFRS 1 exemptions is as follows: > Not to apply International Financial Reporting Standard 3 – ‘Business Combinations’ (IFRS 3) retrospectively to past business combinations; > To establish a deemed cost for the opening balance sheet carrying value of the water and wastewater infrastructure ﬁxed assets by reference to the fair value of these assets at the date of transition to IFRS, 1 April 2004; > To recognise all cumulative actuarial gains and losses relating to deﬁned beneﬁt pension schemes at the date of transition; > To deem cumulative translation differences for all foreign operations to be zero at the date of transition; > Not to apply the requirements of International Financial Reporting Standard 2 – ‘Share Based Payments’ (IFRS 2) to options granted under the group’s Save As You Earn schemes prior to 7 November 2002. The requirements of IFRS 2 have been applied to shares conditionally awarded under the group’s Long Term Incentive Plan schemes before 7 November 2002 but not vested or lapsed before 1 April 2004 since the fair values of these awards has been publicly disclosed previously. c) Basis of consolidation The ﬁnancial statements include the results of Severn Trent Plc and its subsidiaries, joint ventures and associated undertakings. Minority interests in the net assets of consolidated subsidiaries are identiﬁed separately from the group’s equity therein. Minority interests consist of the amount of those interests at the date of the original business combination and the minority’s share of changes in equity since that date. Losses attributable to the minority in excess of the minority’s interest in the subsidiary’s equity are allocated against the interests of the group except to the extent that the minority has a binding obligation and is able to make an additional investment to cover the losses. The results of subsidiaries, joint ventures and associated undertakings are included from the date of acquisition or incorporation, and excluded from the date of disposal. The results of subsidiaries are consolidated where the group has the power to control a subsidiary. The results of joint venture undertakings are accounted for on an equity basis where the company exercised joint control under a contractual arrangement. The results of associates are accounted for on an equity basis where the company holding is 20% or more and the company has the power to exercise signiﬁcant inﬂuence. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 57 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued d) Revenue recognition Revenue represents the fair value of consideration receivable, excluding value added tax, trade discounts and inter-company sales, in the ordinary course of business for goods and services provided. Revenue is not recognised until the service has been provided to the customer, or the goods to which the sale relates have either been despatched to the customer or, where they are held on the customer’s behalf, title has passed to the customer. In respect of long term contracts, revenue is recognised based on the value of work carried out during the year with reference to the total sales value and the stage of completion of these contracts. Turnover includes an estimate of the amount of mains water and wastewater charges unbilled at the year end. The accrual is estimated using a deﬁned methodology based upon a measure of unbilled water consumed by tariff, which is calculated from historical billing information. Interest income is accrued on a time basis by reference to the principal outstanding and at the effective interest rate applicable. Dividend income from investments is recognised when the shareholders’ rights to receive payment have been established. Interest and dividend income are included in ﬁnance income. e) Segmental reporting Each of the group’s business and geographical segments provide services that are subject to risks and returns that are different from those of the other business segments. f) Property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment comprises: i) Infrastructure assets Infrastructure assets are included at cost (or deemed cost on transition to IFRS) less accumulated depreciation. The costs of day to day servicing of infrastructure components are recognised in the proﬁt and loss account as they arise. Where it is probable that the money spent will cause future economic beneﬁts to ﬂow to the group, then costs are capitalised. Infrastructure assets are depreciated over their useful economic lives, which are as follows: Impounding reservoirs Raw water aqueducts Mains Sewers ii) Landﬁll sites Years 250 250 80-150 150-200 Landﬁll sites are included within Land and buildings at cost less accumulated depreciation. The cost of landﬁll sites includes the cost of acquiring, developing and engineering sites, but does not include interest. The cost of the asset is depreciated over the estimated life of the site on the basis of the usage of void space. iii) Other assets Other assets are included at cost less accumulated depreciation. Freehold land is not depreciated. Other assets are depreciated over their estimated economic lives to their residual value, which are principally as follows: Buildings Operational structures Fixed plant Vehicles, mobile plant and computers Assets in the course of construction are not depreciated until commissioned. Interest costs of debt raised to ﬁnance new property, plant and equipment are not included within the cost of those ﬁxed assets, but are expensed to the income statement as they arise. Years 30-60 40-80 20-40 2-15 58 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements g) Leased assets Where assets are ﬁnanced by leasing arrangements which transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset to the lessee (ﬁnance leases), the lower of the fair value of the leased asset or the present value of the minimum lease payments is capitalised as an asset with a corresponding liability representing the obligation to the lessor. Lease payments are treated as consisting of a capital element and a ﬁnance charge, the capital element reducing the obligation to the lessor and the ﬁnance charge being written off to the income statement at a constant rate over the period of the lease in proportion to the capital amount outstanding. Depreciation is charged over the shorter of the estimated useful life and the lease period. Where assets are ﬁnanced by leasing arrangements where substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership remain with the lessor, these are classiﬁed as operating leases. Rental costs arising under operating leases are expensed on a straight line basis over the term of the lease. Leases of land are normally treated as operating leases, unless ownership is transferred at the end of the lease. h) Grants and contributions Grants and contributions received in respect of non-current assets, including charges made for new connections to the water and sewerage networks, are treated as deferred income and released to the income statement over the useful economic life of those assets. Where grants and contributions are given for the purpose of compensation for expenses incurred with no future related costs, then these are recognised in the income statement in the period that they become receivable. i) Impairment of non-current assets If the recoverable amount of goodwill, an item of property, plant and equipment, or any other non-current asset is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset is reduced to its recoverable amount. Where the asset does not generate cash ﬂows that are independent from other assets, the group estimates the recoverable amount of the cash generating unit to which the asset belongs. Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell or estimated value in use at the date the impairment review is undertaken. Fair value less costs to sell represents the amount obtainable from the sale of the assets in an arm’s length transaction between knowledgeable and willing third parties, less costs of disposal. Value in use represents the present value of future cash ﬂows expected to be derived from a cash generating unit, discounted using a pre-tax discount rate that reﬂects current market assessments of the cost of capital of the cash generating unit or asset. The discount rate used is based on the group’s cost of capital adjusted for the risk proﬁles of individual businesses. Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis. Impairment reviews are also carried out if there is some indication that an impairment may have occurred, or, where otherwise required, to ensure that non-current assets are not carried above their estimated recoverable amounts. Impairments are recognised in the income statement. j) Investments The group followed the transitional provisions of IFRS and adopted International Accounting Standard 39 – ‘Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement’ (IAS 39) and International Accounting Standard 32 – ‘Financial Instruments: Disclosure and Presentation’ (IAS 32) from 1 April 2005. After initial recognition at cost (being the fair value of the consideration paid), investments which are classiﬁed as held for trading or available for sale are measured at fair value, with gains or losses recognised in income or equity respectively. When an available for sale investment is disposed of, or impaired, the gain or loss previously recognised in equity is taken to the income statement. Other investments are classiﬁed as held to maturity when the group has the positive intention and ability to hold to maturity. Investments held for an undeﬁned period are excluded from this classiﬁcation. Such investments (and those held to maturity) are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, with any gains or losses being recognised in the income statement. Prior to 1 April 2005, the group held investments at historical cost less any provision for impairment. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 59 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued k) Inventory Inventory and work in progress is stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost includes labour, materials, transport and attributable overheads. Development land and properties are included at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost includes the cost of acquiring and developing the sites. The net realisable value of development land is based upon its value as a serviced site, after taking account of the cost of providing infrastructure services. Income and attributable proﬁts on properties under development are determined by reference to valuation of work carried out to date. l) Cash and cash equivalents For the purpose of the cash ﬂow statement, cash and cash equivalents include highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of, cash and which are subject to an insigniﬁcant risk of change in value. Such investments are normally those with less than three months’ maturity from the date of acquisition, and include cash and balances at central banks, treasury bills and other eligible bills, loans and certiﬁcates of deposit. Cash and cash equivalents also include overdrafts repayable on demand. m) Provisions Provisions are made where there is a present obligation as a result of a past event and it is probable that there will be an outﬂow of economic beneﬁts to settle this obligation and a reliable estimate of this amount can be made. The group’s policy on provisions for speciﬁc areas is as follows: > Landﬁll restoration costs: Provision for the cost of restoring landﬁll sites is made over the operational life of each landﬁll site and charged to the income statement on the basis of the usage of void space. > Environmental control and aftercare costs: Environmental control and aftercare costs are incurred over the operational life of each landﬁll site and may be incurred for a considerable period thereafter. Provision for all such costs is made over the operational life of the site and charged to the proﬁt and loss account on the basis of the usage of void space. Material environmental control and aftercare costs are discounted by applying an appropriate discount rate. > Insurance: Provision is made for claims notiﬁed and for claims incurred but which have not yet been notiﬁed, based on advice from the group’s independent insurance advisers. n) Pension costs The group operates both deﬁned beneﬁt and deﬁned contribution pension schemes. Deﬁned beneﬁt pension scheme assets are measured using bid price. Deﬁned beneﬁt pension scheme liabilities are measured at the balance sheet date by an independent actuary using the projected unit method and discounted at the current rate of return on high quality corporate bonds of equivalent term and currency to the liability. The increase in the present value of the liabilities of the group’s deﬁned beneﬁt pension schemes expected to arise from employee service in the period is charged to operating proﬁt. The expected return on the scheme’s assets and the increase during the period in the present value of the scheme’s liabilities, arising from the passage of time, are included in other ﬁnance income or cost. Actuarial gains and losses arising from experience adjustments, changes in actuarial assumptions and amendments to pension plans are charged or credited to equity and recorded in the statement of recognised income and expense. Costs of deﬁned contribution pension schemes are charged to the income statement in the period in which they fall due. o) Foreign currency The results of overseas subsidiary and associated undertakings are translated into the presentational currency of the group, sterling, using average rates of exchange ruling during the year. The net investments in overseas subsidiary and associated undertakings are translated into sterling at the rates of exchange ruling at the year-end. Exchange differences thus arising are treated as movements in equity. On disposal of a foreign currency denominated subsidiary, the deferred cumulative amount recognised in equity (since 1 April 2004 under the transitional rule of IFRS 1 – see note 2b) relating to that entity is recognised in the income statement Exchange differences arising in respect of foreign exchange instruments taken out as hedges of overseas investments are also treated as movements in equity to the extent that the hedge is effective (see note 2u). All other foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities of the company and its United Kingdom subsidiary undertakings are translated into sterling at the rates of exchange ruling at the year-end. Any exchange differences so arising are dealt with through the income statement. Foreign currency transactions arising during the year are translated into sterling at the rate of exchange ruling on the date of the transaction. All proﬁts and losses on exchange arising during the year are dealt with through the income statement. 60 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements p) Research and development Research expenditure is expensed when it is incurred. Development expenditure is capitalised and written off over its expected useful economic life where the following criteria are met: > An asset is created that can be identiﬁed; > It is probable that the asset created will generate future economic beneﬁts; and > The development cost can be measured reliably. Expenditure on property, plant and equipment relating to research and development projects is capitalised and written off over the expected useful life of those assets. q) Deferred taxation Deferred taxation is provided in full, using the liability method, on taxable temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the ﬁnancial statements. A deferred tax asset is only recognised to the extent it is probable that sufﬁcient taxable proﬁts will be available in the future to utilise it. Deferred taxation is measured on a non-discounted basis using the tax rates and laws that have then been enacted or substantially enacted by the balance sheet date and are expected to apply when the related deferred income tax asset is realised or the deferred tax liability is settled. r) Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair value of the net assets acquired. Goodwill arising on acquisition of subsidiaries is included in intangible assets, whilst goodwill arising on acquisition of associates is included in investments in associates. If an acquisition gives rise to negative goodwill this is credited directly to the income statement. Goodwill arising on all acquisitions prior to 1 April 1998 was written off to reserves under UK GAAP and remains eliminated against reserves. Purchased goodwill arising on acquisitions after 31 March 1998 is treated as an intangible ﬁxed asset. Goodwill is tested for impairment in accordance with the policy set out above and carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is allocated to the cash generating unit that derives beneﬁt from the goodwill for impairment testing purposes. Fair value accounting adjustments are made in respect of acquisitions. Fair value adjustments based on provisional estimates are amended within one year of the acquisition, if required, with a corresponding adjustment to goodwill. Where goodwill forms part of a cash-generating unit and all or part of that unit is disposed of, the associated goodwill is included in the carrying amount of that operation when determining the gain or loss on disposal of the operation. s) Intangible non-current assets Intangible assets acquired separately are capitalised at cost and when acquired in a business combination are capitalised at fair value at the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition, the historical cost model is applied to intangible assets. Amortisation charged on assets with ﬁnite lines is taken to the income statement through operating expenses. Finite life intangible assets are amortised on a straight line basis over their estimated useful economic lives as follows: Software Other assets Years 3-10 2-20 Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment where indicators of impairment exist. t) Trade receivables Trade receivables are measured at fair value on initial recognition and are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method unless there there is objective evidence that the asset is impaired where it is written down to is recoverable amount and the irrecoverable amount is recognised as an expense. Non-current assets classiﬁed as held for sale are measured at the lower of carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. Depreciation is not charged on such assets. u) Financial instruments The group has taken advantage of the IFRS 1 exemption from application of IAS 32 and IAS 39 has applied these standards from 1 April 2005. Comparative information for ﬁnancial instruments has been presented in accordance with the UK Financial Reporting Standard 13 – ‘Financial Instruments’. Under this Standard derivative ﬁnancial instruments were recognised at historical cost and were not remeasured at fair value except that, where currency swaps were used to hedge foreign currency investments, the future currency exchange in such contracts was revalued to the rate of exchange at the balance sheet date and the related gain or loss was taken directly to equity. The accounting policy after 1 April 2005 is as follows: i) Debt instruments All loans and borrowings are initially recognised at cost, being the net fair value of the consideration received. After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Where a loan or borrowing is in a fair value hedging relationship it is remeasured for changes in fair value of the hedged risk at the balance sheet date with gains or losses being recognised in the income statement (see below). Gains and losses are recognised in the income statement when the liabilities are derecognised or impaired, as well as through the amortisation process. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 61 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued u) Financial instruments continued ii) Derivative ﬁnancial instruments and hedging activities The group uses derivative ﬁnancial instruments such as cross currency swaps, forward currency contracts and interest rate swaps to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency and interest rate ﬂuctuations. Such derivative instruments are initially recorded at cost and subsequently remeasured at fair value for the reported balance sheet. The fair value of cross currency swaps, interest rate swaps and forward currency contracts is calculated by reference to market exchange rates and interest rates at the period end. In relation to fair value hedges which meet the conditions for hedge accounting, the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is taken to the income statement where the effective portion of the hedge will offset the gain or loss on the hedged item (see above). In relation to cash ﬂow hedges which meet the conditions for hedge accounting, the portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument that is determined to be an effective hedge is recognised directly in equity, and the ineffective portion in the income statement. The gains or losses deferred in equity in this way are recycled through the income statement in the same period in which the hedged underlying transaction or ﬁrm commitment is recognised in the income statement. Forward currency contracts and foreign currency borrowings are used to hedge net investments in foreign currency denominated operations and to the extent that they are designated and effective as net investment hedges are matched in equity against changes in value of the related assets. Any ineffectiveness is taken to the income statement. For derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting, gains or losses are taken directly to the income statement in the period. Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires, is sold, terminated or exercised, or no longer qualiﬁes for hedge accounting. At that date any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in equity is kept in equity until the forecast transaction occurs, or transferred to the income statement if the forecast transaction is no longer expected to occur. Derivatives embedded in other ﬁnancial instruments or other host contracts are treated as separate derivatives when their risks and characteristics are not closely related to those of the host contract and the host contract is not carried at fair value with gains and losses reported in the income statement. The accounting policy prior to 1 April 2005 is as follows: iii) Debt instruments The ﬁnancial costs of debt instruments are charged to the income statement over the term of the debt at a constant rate on the carrying amount. Such costs include the cost of issue and any discount to face value arising on issue, or any premium arising on maturity. Differences arising from the movement in exchange rates during the year on translation into sterling of the foreign currency borrowings and similar instruments used to ﬁnance long-term equity investments, are taken directly to equity and reported in the statement of recognised income and expense. iv) Derivative ﬁnancial instruments Financial instruments, in particular, interest rate swaps and to a lesser extent currency swaps, are used to manage the ﬁnancial risks arising from the business activities of the group and the ﬁnancing of those activities. There is no trading activity in ﬁnancial instruments. Financial instruments are accounted for as follows: > interest rate swaps are used to hedge the group’s exposure to movements in interest rates. The interest payable or receivable on such swaps is accrued in the same way as interest arising on deposits or borrowings. Interest rate swaps are not revalued to fair value prior to maturity. > currency swaps are used to hedge foreign currency investments. The future currency exchange within such contracts is revalued to the rate of exchange at the balance sheet date and any unrealised gain or loss is matched with that on the underlying asset or liability in reserves. The interest coupon on such swaps is accrued in the same way as that on borrowings and deposits. v) Share-based payments The group operates a number of equity settled, share-based compensation plans for employees. The fair value of the employee services received in exchange for the grant is recognised as an expense over the vesting period of the grant. The fair value of employee services is determined by reference to the fair value of the awards granted calculated using an appropriate pricing model, excluding the impact of any non market vesting conditions. The number of awards that are expected to vest takes into account non market vesting conditions including, where appropriate, continuing employment by the group. The change is adjusted to reﬂect shares that do not vest as a result of failing to meet a non-market condition. w) Pre-contract costs Pre-contract costs are expensed as incurred, except where it is virtually certain that the contract will be awarded, in which case they are recognised as an asset which is written off to the income statement over the life of the contract. 62 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements x) Discontinued operations and assets held for sale Where an asset or group of assets (a disposal group) is available for immediate sale and the sale is highly probable and expected to occur within one year, then the disposal group is deemed as held for sale. The disposal group is measured at the lower of the carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. Where a group of assets (a component), which comprises operations that can be clearly distinguished operationally and for ﬁnancial reporting purposes from the rest of the group, has been disposed of or classiﬁed as held for sale, and > represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations, or > is part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations or > is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale then the component is classiﬁed as a discontinued operation. y) Purchase of own shares The group balance sheet incorporates the shares held by the Severn Trent Employee Share Ownership Trust (the Trust) and which have not vested unconditionally by the balance sheet date. These are shown as a deduction from shareholders’ funds until such time as they vest. z) Current tax The tax currently payable is based on taxable proﬁt for the year. Taxable proﬁt differs from net proﬁt as reported in the income statement because it excludes items of income and expenses that are taxable in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The group’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the balance sheet date. aa)Trade payables Trade payables are initially measured at fair value and are subsequently measured at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method. ab)Exceptional items Exceptional items are income or expenditure, which individually or, if of a similar type, in aggregate need to be disclosed by virtue of their size or nature if the ﬁnancial statements are to give a true and fair view. 3 New accounting policies and future requirements The following statements have been issued by the International Accounting Standard Board and are likely to affect future ﬁnancial statements. International Financial Reporting Standard 7 – ‘Financial instruments: Disclosures’ (IFRS 7) was issued in August 2005 and is required to be implemented by Severn Trent from 1 April 2007. The standard incorporates the disclosure requirements of IAS 32, which it supersedes, and adds further quantitative and qualitative disclosures in relation to ﬁnancial instruments. International Financial Reporting Interpretation Committee/Interpretation 4 – ‘Determining whether an arrangement contains a lease’ (IFRIC 4) was issued in December 2004 and is required to be implemented by Severn Trent from 1 April 2006. The interpretation requires arrangements that may have the nature, but not the legal form, of a lease to be accounted for in accordance with International Accounting Standard 17 – ‘Leases’. This interpretation is not expected to have a material impact on the group. The directors assess that the other standards issued but not yet effective are not applicable to the group. 4 Segmental analysis The group is organised into four main business segments: Water and Sewerage Provides water and sewerage services to domestic and commercial customers in England and Wales. Waste Management Provides collection, landﬁll and special waste services to industrial and commercial customers and local authorities in the UK. Laboratories Provides environmental testing services in the US and UK. Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Provides services and products associated with water, waste water and contaminated land principally in the US, UK and Europe. Other Businesses Include IT Services and Solutions, Engineering Consultancy, Severn Trent Property and Derwent Insurance. The external IT services and Engineering Consultancy activities were sold or terminated during the year. The group is also organised into geographical regions, UK, US and Europe. Geographical information is classiﬁed by the location of the principal operations of each business unit. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 63 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued a) Primary reporting format – business segment Turnover United Kingdom United States Europe Total 2006 £m 2005 £m 2006 £m 2005 £m 2006 £m 2005 £m 2006 £m 2005 £m Continuing Operations Water and Sewerage Waste Management Laboratories Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Other Businesses Eliminations 1,150.9 712.3 32.3 71.7 50.6 (60.7) 1,015.1 629.5 30.0 34.2 80.1 (86.9) – – 134.7 163.9 9.1 (2.0) – – 132.6 148.9 6.7 (0.8) Group – continuing operations 1,957.1 1,702.0 305.7 287.4 – – – 32.2 – – 32.2 – – – 25.0 – – 1,150.9 712.3 167.0 267.8 59.7 (62.7) 1,015.1 629.5 162.6 208.1 86.8 (87.7) 25.0 2,295.0 2,014.4 Proﬁt before interest, tax and exceptional items United Kingdom United States Europe Total 2006 £m 2005 £m 2006 £m 2005 £m 2006 £m 2005 £m 2006 £m 2005 £m Continuing Operations Water and Sewerage Waste Management Laboratories Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Other Businesses Corporate Eliminations 400.4 89.2 5.2 5.0 (2.7) (22.2) 1.2 307.5 78.9 4.8 0.7 10.0 (17.8) (0.9) – – 5.9 5.2 (0.8) – – – – 10.4 6.7 (3.0) – – – – – – – – 1.8 1.5 – – – – – – 400.4 89.2 11.1 12.0 (3.5) (22.2) 1.2 307.5 78.9 15.2 8.9 7.0 (17.8) (0.9) Group – continuing operations 476.1 383.2 10.3 14.1 1.8 1.5 488.2 398.8 Exceptional items (note 7) United Kingdom United States Europe Total 2006 £m 2005 £m 2006 £m 2005 £m 2006 £m 2005 £m 2006 £m 2005 £m Continuing Operations Water and Sewerage Waste Management Laboratories Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Other Businesses Corporate Eliminations (4.8) (2.8) – – – (5.9) (7.8) – – – – (3.4) – – Group – continuing operations (18.5) (6.2) – – – – 2.8 – – 2.8 – – – – (0.4) – – (0.4) – – – – – – – – – – – 4.3 – – – (4.8) (2.8) – – – (3.1) (7.8) – – – 4.3 (3.8) – – 4.3 (15.7) (2.3) Proﬁt before interest and tax United Kingdom United States Europe Total 2006 £m 2005 £m 2006 £m 2005 £m 2006 £m 2005 £m 2006 £m 2005 £m Continuing Operations Water and Sewerage Waste Management Laboratories Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Other Businesses Corporate Eliminations 395.6 89.2 5.2 5.0 (8.6) (30.0) 1.2 304.7 78.9 4.8 0.7 6.6 (17.8) (0.9) – – 5.9 5.2 2.0 – – – – 10.4 6.7 (3.4) – – – – – – – – 1.8 5.8 – – – – – – 395.6 89.2 11.1 12.0 (6.6) (30.0) 1.2 304.7 78.9 15.2 13.2 3.2 (17.8) (0.9) Group – continuing operations 457.6 377.0 13.1 13.7 1.8 5.8 472.5 396.5 Total net ﬁnance costs Share of post tax results of associates and joint ventures Waste Management Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Other Businesses Proﬁt before tax Tax Proﬁt from continuing operations (Loss)/proﬁt from discontinued operations Proﬁt for the period 64 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 (204.6) (169.5) 1.0 1.6 (0.5) 2.1 270.0 (42.7) 227.3 (4.3) 1.1 1.7 (1.0) 1.8 228.8 (71.5) 157.3 0.8 223.0 158.1 Other segment items are: Water and Sewerage Waste Management Laboratories Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Other Businesses Corporate Eliminations Group ﬁnancial statements Capital expenditure Depreciation and amortisation 2006 £m 335.6 79.5 9.2 5.6 0.2 – (3.3) 2005 £m 369.9 69.4 8.2 18.7 1.0 0.1 (4.7) 2006 £m 219.7 58.2 9.0 5.1 3.4 0.6 (4.3) 426.8 462.6 291.7 2005 £m 207.4 63.6 8.2 4.6 1.9 0.8 (3.9) 282.6 Inter-segment transfers or transactions are entered into under normal commercial terms and conditions that would also be available to unrelated third parties. Segment assets 2006 £m 2005 £m 5,677.4 884.1 162.6 234.0 24.9 5,565.4 907.8 150.3 198.4 86.4 6,983.0 6,908.3 The segment assets and liabilities are as follows: Assets Water and Sewerage Waste Management Laboratories Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Other Businesses Assets held for sale Unallocated corporate assets Group total assets Liabilities Water and Sewerage Waste Management Laboratories Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Other Businesses Assets held for sale Unallocated corporate liabilities Group total liabilities Investments in associates and joint ventures 2006 £m 0.4 0.6 – 19.7 8.6 29.3 2005 £m 0.4 0.8 – 16.4 8.2 Total 2006 £m 2005 £m 5,677.8 884.7 162.6 253.7 33.5 5,565.8 908.6 150.3 214.8 94.6 25.8 7,012.3 6,934.1 41.5 72.3 – 6.0 7,126.1 6,940.1 Segment liabilities 2006 £m (682.3) (207.1) (18.5) (65.8) (47.7) 2005 £m (632.9) (242.1) (18.1) (53.8) (72.5) (1,021.4) (1,019.4) (28.5) (4,177.2) – (4,071.2) (5,227.1) (5,090.6) Segment assets comprise goodwill and other intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, inventories, derivatives designated as hedges for future transactions, receivables and operating cash. They exclude deferred taxation, investments and derivatives designated as hedges of borrowings. Segment liabilities comprise operating liabilities, but exclude items such as taxation and corporate borrowings and related hedging derivatives. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 65 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued Discontinued operations comprises the Belgian Waste Management activities. The total revenue, results assets and liabilities of the Waste Management segment are set out below. Further details are given in note 11. Continuing operations Discontinued operations Total Continuing operations Discontinued operations Total Gross turnover Inter-segment sales Total turnover 2006 £m 712.3 58.4 770.7 2005 £m 629.5 66.7 696.2 Segment result before exceptional items 2006 £m 89.2 (4.1) 85.1 2005 £m 78.9 3.3 82.2 2006 £m 2005 £m – – – – – – 2006 £m 712.3 58.4 770.7 2005 £m 629.5 66.7 696.2 Exceptional items 2006 £m 2005 £m - - – – – – Segment result after exceptional items 2006 £m 89.2 (4.1) 85.1 2005 £m 78.9 3.3 82.2 Secondary reporting format - geographical segments The group’s revenue analysed by geographical market (by destination) was as follows: Turnover UK US Europe Other 2006 £m 2005 £m 1,958.9 274.2 36.8 25.1 1,696.7 262.1 30.8 24.8 2,295.0 2,014.4 The carrying amount of the group’s assets and additions to property plant and equipment analysed by the geographical area in which the assets are located was as follows: Total assets – based on location Capital expenditure 2006 £m 2005 £m 6,757.7 271.1 55.8 7,084.6 41.5 6,576.4 254.6 109.1 6,940.1 – 7,126.1 6,940.1 2006 £m 411.1 12.4 3.3 426.8 2006 £m 1,137.7 1,091.2 62.9 65.9 (62.7) 2005 £m 450.3 10.2 2.1 462.6 2005 £m 999.3 982.2 49.3 71.3 (87.7) 2,295.0 2,014.4 4.1 58.4 3.5 66.7 2,357.5 2,084.6 UK US Europe Assets held for sale (Europe) 5 Revenue Water and sewerage services Other services Sales of goods Revenue from long term contracts Eliminations Total turnover Interest receivable (note 9) Sales from discontinued operations (note 11) Total revenue 66 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 6 Operating costs Wages and salaries Social security costs Pension costs Total employee costs Power Raw materials and consumables Rates Impairment of trade debtors Service charges Waste disposal costs Depreciation of property, plant and equipment Amortisation of intangible ﬁxed assets Hired and contracted services Environmental and landﬁll restoration costs Operating lease rentals – land and buildings – other Hire of plant and machinery Research and development expenditure Proﬁt on disposal of ﬁxed assets Foreign exchange losses Water and Sewerage infrastructure maintenance expenditure Other operating costs Government grants released from deferred income Own work capitalised Total operating costs Group ﬁnancial statements 2006 £m 442.0 36.5 43.7 522.2 43.9 179.0 64.8 26.3 27.5 90.7 262.4 29.3 154.3 9.2 12.8 11.9 20.3 3.9 (3.3) (0.1) 94.5 344.8 2005 £m 427.6 33.3 47.9 508.8 41.3 151.9 58.3 22.1 25.7 83.6 253.9 22.3 121.8 8.4 12.2 10.6 19.4 2.7 (7.5) 0.4 77.2 305.6 1,894.4 1,718.7 (0.6) (71.3) (0.6) (100.2) 1,822.5 1,617.9 Operating costs include £15.7 million (2005: £2.3 million) of exceptional costs. Further details are given in note 7. The pension costs shown above are included in operating costs. Pension costs reported elsewhere (interest costs, expected returns on assets and actuarial gains and losses) are excluded. During the year the following fees were charged by the auditors: Audit related Group statutory Regulatory Taxation Services Compliance Advisory Other Services Total fees 2006 £m 2005 £m 1.0 0.1 1.1 – 0.2 0.2 0.9 2.2 0.9 0.1 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 2.0 3.2 The amounts charged in the year ended 31 March 2006 relate to Deloitte & Touche LLP and its afﬁliates and in the year ended 31 March 2005 relate to PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP and its afﬁliates. Taxation services include compliance services, such as tax return preparation, and advisory services. In 2006, other services primarily include a controls review within Severn Trent Water and an investigation into environmental taxes in Biffa Belgium. In 2005, other services primarily included forensic accounting services and provision of advice related to transition to IFRS. Included in auditors’ remuneration above is £135,000 (2005: £105,000) in respect of the audit of the company. Details of directors’ remuneration are set out in the Remuneration report on pages 40 to 51. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 67 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued 7 Exceptional items An exceptional charge of £15.7 million arose in the year ending 31 March 2006. This comprises: An exceptional restructuring charge of £7.9 million arose comprising: > £4.8 million arising in Severn Trent Water as a result of costs associated with a redundancy programme undertaken to meet AMP4 efﬁciency targets > a net £3.1 million arising in Systems relating to the cessation of trading with external customers and disposal of the Worksuite and CIS operations. £7.8 million of costs arose relating to the demerger of Biffa and other strategic reviews undertaken. In the year ended 31 March 2005, restructuring costs and termination of operations of £14.2 million comprised: a charge of £10.4 million relating to restructuring of Severn Trent Water; and losses on termination of operations amounting to £3.8 million. The loss on termination of operations arose from decisions to close one of the group’s US Systems businesses and to cease trading with external customers for the group’s UK IT Services and Engineering Consultancy businesses. In the year ended 31 March 2005, a proﬁt of £11.9 million on the disposal of properties and investments arose. This comprised £6.1 million on the sale of land and buildings by Severn Trent Water, £4.3 million on the disposal of the group’s interest in its associated undertaking, Indaqua Industria e Gestao de Aguas and £1.5 million on disposal of a non-current asset investment by Severn Trent Water. 8 Employee numbers Average number of employees (including executive directors) during the year (full time equivalent): By type of business: Water and Sewerage Waste Management Laboratories Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Other Businesses and Corporate By geographical location: UK Other – principally US and Europe 9 Net ﬁnance costs Investment income Interest receivable on bank deposits Net ﬁnance income on deﬁned beneﬁt pension share Finance costs Interest on bank loans and overdrafts Interest on other loans Interest on ﬁnance leases Total borrowing costs Interest cost on discounted provisions Net ﬁnance cost on deﬁned beneﬁt pension scheme Other ﬁnancial expenses Total ﬁnance costs Fair value movements on treasury instruments Net ﬁnance costs 68 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 2006 Number 2005 Number 5,188 5,552 2,797 2,425 350 5,106 5,353 2,756 2,343 816 16,312 16,374 11,522 4,790 11,569 4,805 16,312 16,374 2006 £m 4.1 3.8 7.9 2005 £m 3.5 – 3.5 (24.5) (121.0) (26.0) (29.4) (113.5) (24.0) (171.5) (166.9) (2.3) – (2.0) (2.3) (1.2) (2.6) (175.8) (173.0) (36.7) – (204.6) (169.5) 10 Taxation a) Analysis of tax charge in the year Current tax Continuing operations Current year at 30% Prior year at 30% Total current tax relating to continuing operations Current tax relating to discontinued operations Total current tax Deferred tax Continuing operations Origination and reversal of temporary differences Origination and reversal of temporary differences – current year – prior year Total deferred tax relating to continuing operations Deferred tax relating to discontinued operations Total deferred tax Total tax charge relating to continuing operations Total tax charge relating to discontinued operations Total tax charge b) Factors affecting the tax charge in the year Group ﬁnancial statements 2006 £m 2005 £m 87.8 (39.1) 48.7 0.1 48.8 5.1 (11.1) (6.0) 0.2 (5.8) 42.7 0.3 43.0 49.4 (11.5) 37.9 1.8 39.7 19.4 14.2 33.6 0.9 34.5 71.5 2.7 74.2 The tax expense for the current year is lower than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK (2006 and 2005: 30%). The differences are explained below: Proﬁt on ordinary activities before tax: Continuing operations Discontinued operations Proﬁt on ordinary activities multiplied by the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK (2006 and 2005: 30%) Effects of: Tax effect of share of results of associates and joint ventures Tax effect of expenditure not deductible in determining taxable proﬁt Effect of different rates of tax in overseas jurisdictions Adjustments in respect of prior years Total tax charge c) Tax charged directly to equity In addition to the amount charged to the income statement, the following amounts of tax have been charged directly to equity Current tax Tax on exchange differences on foreign currency hedging Total current tax charged directly to equity Deferred tax Tax on actuarial gains/losses Tax on cash ﬂow hedging Tax on share based payments 2006 £m (1.8) (1.8) 8.0 1.4 (0.8) 8.6 2006 £m 2005 £m 270.0 (4.0) 266.0 228.8 3.5 232.3 79.8 69.7 0.3 14.9 (1.3) (50.7) 43.0 0.3 1.2 0.3 2.7 74.2 2005 £m 0.2 0.2 13.0 – 0.4 13.4 Deferred tax asset arising on adoption of IAS 39 credited directly to equity (21.2) – Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 69 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued 11 Discontinued operations On 12 May 2006, the group agreed to sell Biffa Belgium to Veolia for €45 million. It is expected that this transaction will be completed before the end of June 2006. The transaction is conditional upon clearance from the Belgian competition authorities. a) Proﬁt from discontinued operations Turnover Expenses (Loss)/proﬁt before interest and tax Net ﬁnancing income Tax Post tax results b) Assets and liabilities of disposal group Goodwill Property, plant and equipment Intangible assets Current assets Current income tax Deferred tax assets Total assets Trade and other payables Current income tax Provisions Total liabilities c) Cash ﬂows from discontinued operations Net cash ﬂows from operating activities Net cash ﬂows from investing activities Net cash ﬂows from ﬁnancing activities 2006 £m 58.4 (62.5) (4.1) 0.1 (0.3) (4.3) 2.1 22.7 0.2 14.8 0.7 1.0 41.5 (18.5) – (10.0) (28.5) 2006 £m 6.7 (2.9) – 3.8 2005 £m 66.7 (63.4) 3.3 0.2 (2.7) 0.8 2005 £m 7.3 (1.8) – 5.5 d) Earnings per share from discontinued operations Basic earnings per share from discontinued operations Diluted earnings per share from discontinued operations Weighted average number of shares m 346.6 348.9 2006 Per share amount pence (1.3) (1.2) Earnings £ m (4.3) (4.3) Earnings £ m 0.8 0.8 Weighted average number of shares m 344.7 347.2 2005 Per share amount pence 0.3 0.3 70 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements 12 Dividends Amounts recognised as distributions to equity holders in the period: Final dividend for the year ended 31 March 2005/2004 Interim dividend for the year ended 31 March 2006/2005 Pence per share 2006 £m Pence per share 2005 £m 30.30 19.16 49.46 104.8 66.5 171.3 29.27 18.21 47.48 100.9 62.8 163.7 Proposed ﬁnal dividend for the year ended 31 March 2006 31.97 111.3 The proposed ﬁnal dividend is subject to approval by shareholders at the Annual General Meeting and has not been included as a liability in these ﬁnancial statements. 13 Earnings per share Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the earnings attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the year, excluding those held in the Severn Trent Employee Share Ownership Trust, which are treated as cancelled. For diluted earnings per share, the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue is adjusted to assume conversion of all potentially dilutive ordinary shares. These represent share options granted to employees where the exercise price is less than the average market price of the company’s shares during the year. Basic and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations are calculated on the basis of proﬁt from continuing operations attributable to the equity holders of the company. From continuing operations Basic earnings per share Effect of dilutive options Diluted earnings per share From continuing and discontinued operations Basic earnings per share Effect of dilutive options Diluted earnings per share Weighted average number of shares m 346.6 2.3 348.9 Weighted average number of shares m 346.6 2.3 348.9 2006 Per share amount pence 65.2 (0.5) 64.7 Earnings £ m 156.6 – 156.6 2006 Per share amount Earnings pence £ m 63.9 (0.4) 63.5 157.4 – 157.4 Weighted average number of shares m 344.7 2.5 347.2 Weighted average number of shares m 344.7 2.5 347.2 2005 Per share amount pence 45.4 (0.3) 45.1 2005 Per share amount pence 45.7 (0.4) 45.3 Earnings £ m 225.9 – 225.9 Earnings £ m 221.6 – 221.6 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 71 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued Supplementary earnings per share Supplementary adjusted earnings per share ﬁgures are presented. These exclude the effects of deferred tax, fair value movements on treasury instruments and exceptional items in both 2006 and 2005. The directors consider that the supplementary ﬁgures provide a useful additional indicator of performance. Basic earnings per share from continuing operations Effect of: Exceptional restructuring costs and termination of operations Exceptional demerger and related costs Exceptional proﬁt on disposal of property and investments Tax related to exceptional items at 30% Fair value movements on treasury instruments Deferred tax Adjusted earnings per share from continuing operations before exceptional items, fair value movements on treasury instruments and deferred tax Diluted earnings per share from continuing operations Effect of: Exceptional restructuring costs and termination of operations Exceptional demerger and related costs Exceptional proﬁt on disposal of property and investments Tax related to exceptional items at 30% Fair value movements on treasury instruments Deferred tax Adjusted diluted earnings per share from continuing operations before exceptional items, fair value movements on treasury instruments and deferred tax 14 Goodwill Cost and net book value At 1 April Acquisition of businesses Fair value adjustments (prior year acquisitions) Disposal of business Additions Classiﬁed as held for sale Exchange adjustments At 31 March Weighted average number of shares m 2006 Per share amount pence Earnings £m Weighted average number of shares m 2005 Per share amount pence Earnings £m 225.9 346.6 65.2 156.6 344.7 45.4 7.9 7.8 – (4.7) 36.7 (6.0) – – – – – – 2.3 2.3 – (1.4) 10.6 (1.8) 14.2 – (11.9) 1.0 – 33.6 – – – – – – 4.1 – (3.5) 0.3 – 9.8 267.6 346.6 77.2 193.5 344.7 56.1 225.9 348.9 64.7 156.6 347.2 45.1 7.9 7.8 – (4.7) 36.7 (6.0) – – – – – – 2.3 2.3 – (1.3) 10.5 (1.8) 14.2 – (11.9) 1.0 – 33.6 – – – – – – 4.1 – (3.4) 0.3 – 9.6 267.6 348.9 76.7 193.5 347.2 55.7 2006 £m 2005 £m 499.1 0.1 – (0.1) 1.4 (2.1) 7.9 506.3 497.6 2.8 (0.4) – 1.3 – (2.2) 499.1 72 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements Goodwill impairment tests Goodwill is allocated to the group’s cash generating units (CGUs) identiﬁed according to country of operation and business segment. A segment level summary of the goodwill allocation is presented below: Water and Sewerage Waste Management Laboratories Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Other Businesses UK US Europe 2006 £m – 390.5 12.3 0.2 – 403.0 2005 £m – 390.5 12.3 0.2 – 403.0 2006 £m – – 62.3 34.6 – 96.9 2005 £m – – 55.8 31.8 – 87.6 2006 £m – – – 6.4 – 6.4 2005 £m – – – 8.5 – 8.5 The recoverable amount of a CGU is determined using value in use calculations. These calculations use cash ﬂow projections based on ﬁnancial budgets approved by management covering a ﬁve year period. Cash ﬂows beyond the ﬁve year period are extrapolated using an estimated nominal growth rate stated below. The growth rate does not exceed the long term average growth rate for the economy in which the CGU operates. Waste Management Laboratories Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Nominal growth rate Discount rate 2006 % 2.3 3.0 3.0 2005 % 2.3 1.5 2.0 2006 % 8.1 11.0 11.0 2005 % 8.6 9.3 9.3 These assumptions have been used for the analysis of each CGU within the business segment. The weighted average growth rates used are consistent with the forecasts included in industry reports. The discount rates used are pre-tax and reﬂect speciﬁc risks relating to the relevant segments. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 73 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued 15 Intangible assets Cost At 1 April 2004 Disposal of business Additions Reclassiﬁcations and transfer Exchange adjustments At 1 April 2005 Disposals Additions Acquired in business combination Classiﬁed as held for sale Reclassiﬁcation and transfers Exchange adjustments At 31 March 2006 Amortisation At 1 April 2004 Amortisation for year Disposals Reclassiﬁcations and transfer At 1 April 2005 Amortisation for year Disposals Classiﬁed as held for sale Reclassiﬁcations and transfer Exchange adjustments At 31 March 2006 Net book value At 31 March 2006 At 31 March 2005 Computer software £m Other assets £m 187.4 (3.1) 19.7 0.2 – 204.2 (14.6) 27.8 – (1.3) (3.7) 0.1 11.1 (0.1) 14.5 3.9 (0.2) 29.2 (1.5) 1.2 0.1 (0.3) (9.4) 0.6 Total £m 198.5 (3.2) 34.2 4.1 (0.2) 233.4 (16.1) 29.0 0.1 (1.6) (13.1) 0.7 212.5 19.9 232.4 (80.0) (21.2) 3.1 – (98.1) (27.5) 14.0 1.2 2.0 (0.1) (5.5) (1.1) 0.1 (3.0) (9.5) (1.8) 1.3 0.2 (1.4) (0.3) (85.5) (22.3) 3.2 (3.0) (107.6) (29.3) 15.3 1.4 0.6 (0.4) (108.5) (11.5) (120.0) 104.0 106.1 8.4 19.7 112.4 125.8 Other asset primarily comprise capitalised development costs, brands and patents. Intangible assets include internally generated software of £112.4 million (2005: £128.2 million). Additions during the year totalled £25.4 million (2005: £17.8 million). 74 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 16 Property, plant and equipment Cost At 1 April 2004 Acquisition of businesses Fair value adjustments (prior year acquisitions) Disposal of business Additions Disposals Reclassiﬁcations and transfers Exchange adjustments At 1 April 2005 Acquisition of businesses Additions Disposals Reclassiﬁcations and transfers Classiﬁed as held for sale Exchange adjustments At 31 March 2006 Depreciation At 1 April 2004 Charge for the year Disposals Reclassiﬁcations and transfers Exchange adjustments At 1 April 2005 Charge for year Disposals Reclassiﬁcations and transfers Classiﬁed as held for sale Exchange adjustments At 31 March 2006 Net book value At 31 March 2006 At 31 March 2005 Group ﬁnancial statements Land and buildings £m Plant and equipment £m 2,142.7 (0.8) (0.2) – 118.3 (9.6) (3.9) (0.2) 6,174.4 0.8 – (0.1) 310.1 (130.9) (1.7) (0.3) Total £m 8,317.1 – (0.2) (0.1) 428.4 (140.5) (5.6) (0.5) 2,246.3 6,352.3 8,598.6 – 101.1 (5.7) 23.1 (18.2) 2.4 0.1 296.7 (82.4) (19.8) (62.8) 7.6 0.1 397.8 (88.1) 3.3 (81.0) 10.0 2,349.0 6,491.7 8,840.7 (673.5) (62.6) 6.9 (2.3) (0.1) (2,158.8) (197.7) 124.2 4.6 0.1 (2,832.3) (260.3) 131.1 2.3 – (731.6) (2,227.6) (2,959.2) (63.7) 5.6 (10.0) 14.3 (1.0) (204.2) 80.4 2.4 44.0 (6.2) (267.9) 86.0 (7.6) 58.3 (7.2) (786.4) (2,311.2) (3,097.6) 1,562.6 4,180.5 5,743.1 1,514.7 4,124.7 5,639.4 The carrying amount of property plant and equipment includes the following amounts in respect of assets held under ﬁnance leases. Net book value At 31 March 2006 At 31 March 2005 Land and buildings £m Plant and equipment £m 19.3 18.0 360.1 228.8 Total £m 379.4 246.8 Plant and equipment includes £225.3 million (2005: £259.6 million) in respect of assets in the course of construction for which no depreciation is charged. At 31 March 2006 the group had entered into contractual commitments for the acquisition of property, plant and equipment amounting to £148.5 million (2005: £174.2 million). Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 75 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued 17 Interests in joint ventures Group’s share of: Long term assets Current assets Current liabilities Long term liabilities Amounts due from joint ventures Group’s share of: Turnover Operating costs Operating proﬁt Finance costs Proﬁt before tax Tax Proﬁt after tax 2006 £m 0.9 4.2 (7.1) – 11.7 9.7 2.9 (1.9) 1.0 (0.4) 0.6 (0.1) 0.5 2005 £m 0.9 4.9 (7.0) – 10.7 9.5 3.0 (2.4) 0.6 (0.3) 0.3 (0.2) 0.1 The joint ventures have no signiﬁcant contingent liabilities to which the group is exposed and the group does not have any signiﬁcant contingent liabilities in relation to its interests in the joint ventures. The group has no capital commitments in relation to its interests in the joint ventures. Particulars of the group’s principal joint venture undertakings at 31 March 2006 are: Biogeneration Limited GMI Rovinian Limited Cognica Limited East Leeds Development Company Limited East Leeds (Holdings) Limited *Held by the group Nature of business Power Generation Property Development Asset Management Property Development Property Development Percentage of share capital held 50% 50% 50% 50% 50% A ordinary shares of £1 B ordinary shares of £1 500* 25,000 100,000* 500* 500* 500 25,000* 100,000 500 500 The country of incorporation and main operation of the joint ventures is Great Britain and they are registered in England and Wales. 76 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 18 Interests in associates At 1 April Additions Disposals Loans repaid Share of proﬁts Dividends receivable Other movements At 31 March Group’s share of: Total assets Total liabilities Turnover Proﬁt before tax Group ﬁnancial statements 2006 £m 16.3 3.0 – – 1.6 (1.5) 0.2 19.6 2005 £m 17.7 – 1.0 (3.2) 1.7 (1.5) 0.6 16.3 330.9 (311.3) 313.1 (296.8) 19.6 41.9 1.6 16.3 42.3 1.7 The year end of Aquaﬁn NV, one of the group’s associated companies, is 31 December and the ﬁnancial statements for the year ended 31 December 2005 have been used in applying the equity method of accounting for this associate since this is the most reliable ﬁnancial information available. On 2 June 2006 the group signed heads of terms to sell its interest in Aquaﬁn NV to the Flemish Government for approximately £30 million. The associates have no signiﬁcant contingent liabilities to which the group is exposed and the group does not have any signiﬁcant contingent liabilities in relation to its interest in the associates. The group has no capital commitments in relation to its interests in the associates. ELDC (Triangle) Limited Aquaﬁn NV * Held by East Leeds (Holdings) Limited Equity interest 760 B ordinary shares of £1* 160,000 shares of €124 Percentage of share capital held 38% 20% Nature of business Property Development Sewerage Undertaking The country of incorporation and main operation is Great Britain and of registration is England and Wales, with the exception of Aquaﬁn NV (Belgium). 19 Financial instruments The group’s policies in respect of foreign currency and interest rate risk management and the related use of ﬁnancial instruments, which form part of these ﬁnancial statements, are set out below. a) Financial liabilities analysed by currency and interest rate after taking account of various currency and interest rate swaps entered into by the group At 31 March 2006 Currency Sterling Euro US dollar Total ﬁnancial liabilities at 31 March 2006 2006 Total £m Non-interest bearing liabilities £m 3,112.9 36.4 13.8 3,163.1 43.7 6.7 9.1 59.5 Floating interest rate £m 941.6 29.7 4.7 Fixed interest rate £m 2,127.6 – – 976.0 2,127.6 Fixed borrowings Weighted average interest rate % Weighted average period for which interest is ﬁxed Years 5.7 14.6 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 77 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued At 31 March 2005 Currency Sterling Euro US dollar Total ﬁnancial liabilities at 31 March 2005 2005 Total £m Non-interest bearing liabilities £m 2,944.3 41.9 63.7 3,049.9 40.9 15.5 8.1 64.5 Floating interest rate £m 1,005.3 26.4 55.6 Fixed interest rate £m 1,898.1 – – 1,087.3 1,898.1 Fixed borrowings Weighted average interest rate % Weighted average period for which interest is ﬁxed Years 6.0 17.4 Non-interest bearing liabilities relate to onerous contracts and trade payables. The weighted average period to maturity of the onerous contracts is 1.5 years (2.0 years). Trade payables are all due in under 1 year. In addition to the ﬁxed debt above, the group has entered into a number of forward start accruing interest rate swaps. These had an initial notional value of £17 million and commence accreting notional value between 31 March 2005 and 2032. The maximum notional value of these swaps is £135 million. These swaps are ﬂoating to ﬁxed and bear ﬁxed interest at between 5.26% and 5.52%. The group has also entered into £318 million of forward start interest rate swaps (ﬂoating to ﬁxed) that commence between May 2006 and May 2009. These swaps all terminate in 2010 and 2011. These interest rate swaps bear interest between 4.53% and 4.87%. Floating rate sterling denominated borrowings bear interest based on LIBOR, whilst euro denominated borrowings bear interest based on EURIBOR and dollar borrowings bear interest based on dollar LIBOR. b) Investments in interest earning assets analysed by currency after taking account of various currency swaps entered into by the group Currency Sterling deposits Sterling cash at bank 2006 £m 87.8 54.8 142.6 2005 £m 40.4 50.4 90.8 Investments in interest earning assets comprise short-term deposits placed on money markets and certiﬁcates of deposit with a maturity date not exceeding one year. Financial assets comprise £54.8 million of cash and £87.8 million of cash held on short term deposit. Sterling assets receive interest based on LIBID. Of the total £142.6 million interest earning assets, there is £34.1 million of cash held on short term deposit as security for external insurance, as part of Derwent’s reinsurance obligations. In addition, Severn Trent Water and Biffa have a total of £4.0 million on short term deposit (£2.1 million for Severn Trent Water and £1.9 million for Biffa) as security for self insurance obligations. c) Monetary assets and liabilities by currency, excluding the functional currency At 31 March 2006 Functional currency of operation Sterling At 31 March 2005 Functional currency of operation Sterling US dollar £m 5.7 US dollar £m 1.6 Net foreign currency monetary assets Euro £m 0.7 Other £m – Total £m 6.4 Net foreign currency monetary assets Euro £m 0.7 Other £m 0.2 Total £m 2.5 Net currency gains/(losses) arising from monetary assets/(liabilities) not in the functional currency of an operation are recognised in its income statement. Those arising from the translation of US dollar and euro functional currency ﬁnancial statements into sterling are recognised in the statement of recognised income and expense. 78 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements d) Financial liabilities analysed by maturity date Loans payable by instalments any of which are payable after ﬁve years £m Other repayment terms £m Overdrafts £m Current ﬁnancial liabilities 32.2 3.3 727.5 Borrowings due after one year: Between one and two years Between two and ﬁve years After more than ﬁve years Non current ﬁnancial liabilities – – – – – – 22.2 22.2 121.4 406.8 1,301.5 1,829.7 32.2 25.5 2,557.2 Finance leases £m 45.2 42.2 147.4 254.0 443.6 488.8 Other ﬁnancial liabilities £m 2006 Total £m 2005 Total £m 58.4 866.6 548.2 0.9 0.1 – 1.0 164.5 554.3 1,577.7 139.9 640.6 1,721.2 2,296.5 2,501.7 59.4 3,163.1 3,049.9 £345 million of funding instruments contain certain ﬁnancial covenants, breach of which can trigger early repayment. e) Borrowing facilities The group has the following undrawn committed borrowing facilities available (all at ﬂoating rates). Expiring within one year Expiring in more than one, but not more than two years Expiring in more than two, but not more than ﬁve years 2006 £m – – 500.0 500.0 2005 £m – 200.0 500.0 700.0 In addition, the group also has overdraft facilities of £80.0 million (2005: £87.0 million), of which nil (2005: £56.8 million) remains undrawn at the year end. f) Derivative contracts Cross currency swaps – hedges of net investment Cross currency swaps – fair value hedges Cross currency swaps – not qualifying for hedge accounting Interest rate swaps – cash ﬂow hedges Interest rate swaps – not qualifying for hedge accounting Total Less non-current portion Cross currency swap – fair value hedges Interest rate swap – cashﬂow hedges Total Current portion Assets £m – 3.1 3.9 0.6 6.9 2006 Liabilities £m – (37.0) – (3.0) (104.5) 14.5 (144.5) 3.1 0.6 3.7 (27.1) (3.0) (30.1) 10.8 (114.4) Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 79 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued Interest rate swaps The notional principal amounts of the outstanding interest rate swaps contracts at 31 March 2006 was £1,232 million. The ﬁxed interest rates vary from 4.37% to 6.45%. The main ﬂoating rate is LIBOR. Included within this are interest rate swaps with a notional value of £850 million which do not qualify for hedge accounting. The group has an ongoing debt requirement and these swaps aim to ﬁx the interest rates paid on a portfolio of variable debt of various terms. As it is not possible to speciﬁcally match these swaps to individual debt instruments, they do not qualify for hedge accounting. Cross currency swaps The notional principal amounts of the outstanding cross currency swap contracts at 31 March 2006 was £467.6 million. These swap a variety of currencies into sterling. Hedge of net investments in foreign entities The group’s US dollar cross currency swap is designated as a hedge of net investment in the group’s US subsidiaries. The fair value of the swap at 31 March 2006 was £nil (2005: £0.2 million liability). The foreign exchange loss of £5.2 million was recognised in retained earnings reserves in shareholders’ equity. g) Fair values of ﬁnancial instruments Financial instruments by category: Asset/(liability) Primary ﬁnancial instruments held or issued to ﬁnance the group’s operations Short-term deposits Cash at bank and in hand Borrowings falling due within one year Borrowings falling due after more than one year Provisions for onerous contracts Other non-interest bearing liabilities Derivative ﬁnancial instruments held to manage the currency and interest rate proﬁle Interest rate swaps and similar instruments Currency instrument – cross currency swaps Currency instrument – investment hedge 2006 Book value £m Fair value £m Book value £m 87.8 54.8 (808.2) (2,295.5) (2.2) (57.3) 87.8 54.8 (791.2) (2,468.6) (2.2) (57.3) (100.0) (30.0) – (100.0) (30.0) – 40.4 50.4 (480.1) (2,472.5) (3.7) (60.8) – (32.5) (0.3) 2005 Fair value £m 40.4 50.4 (481.3) (2,616.5) (3.7) (60.8) (63.7) (37.4) (0.2) Total net ﬁnancial liabilities (3,150.6) (3,306.7) (2,959.1) (3,172.8) Other long-term assets Other ﬁxed asset investments 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 Where available, market rates have been used to determine fair values. When market prices are not available, fair values have been calculated by discounting cash ﬂows at prevailing interest rates. h) Unrecognised gains and losses on hedges at 31 March 2005 Unrecognised gains and losses on hedges at 1 April 2004 Arising in previous years that were recognised in the year Arising before 1 April 2004 that were not recognised in the ﬁnancial year Unrecognised gains and losses arising during the ﬁnancial year Unrecognised gains and losses on hedges at 31 March 2005 Expected to be recognised In one year or less In later years Gains £m 6.1 2.1 8.2 (6.4) 1.8 – 1.8 Losses £m (71.1) (5.2) (76.3) 6.0 (70.3) (0.4) (69.9) Total net gains/ (losses) £m (65.0) (3.1) (68.1) (0.4) (68.5) (0.4) (68.1) 80 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements i) Financial risk factors The group’s activities expose it to a variety of ﬁnancial risks: market risk (including currency risk), credit risk, liquidity risk and interest rate risk. The group’s overall risk management programme focuses on the unpredictability of ﬁnancial markets and seeks to minimise potential adverse effects on the group’s ﬁnancial performance. The group uses derivative ﬁnancial instruments to hedge certain risk exposures. Risk management is carried out by a central treasury department (Group Treasury) under policies approved by the board of directors. Group Treasury identiﬁes, evaluates and hedges ﬁnancial risks in close co-operation with the group’s operating units. The board provides written principles for overall risk management, as well as written policies covering speciﬁc areas, such as foreign exchange risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, use of derivative ﬁnancial instruments and non-derivative ﬁnancial instruments, and the investment of surplus funds. (i) Market risk The group operates internationally and is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from net investments in foreign operations, primarily with respect to the US dollar and the euro. In addition, the group has a signiﬁcant value of foreign currency debt, primarily in US dollars, yen and euros. Foreign exchange risk arises when transactions are denominated in a currency that is not the entity’s functional currency. To manage the foreign exchange risk arising from foreign currency debt the group enters into cross currency swaps with external parties. External foreign exchange contracts are designated at group level and company level as hedges of foreign exchange risk on speciﬁc assets, liabilities or future transactions on a gross basis. The group’s risk management policy is to hedge 100% of all foreign currency denominated debt. The group has certain investments in foreign operations whose net assets are exposed to foreign currency translation risk. Currency exposure arising from the net assets of the group’s foreign operations is managed through borrowings and forward foreign exchange contracts denominated in the relevant foreign currencies. (ii) Credit risk Operationally, the group has no signiﬁcant concentrations of credit risk. It has policies in place to ensure that sales of products are made to customers with an appropriate credit history, other than in Severn Trent Water Limited, whose operating licence obliges it to continue to supply domestic customers even in cases where bills are not paid. For ﬁnancing purposes, derivative counterparties and cash transactions are limited to high credit quality ﬁnancial institutions. The group has policies that limit the amount of credit exposure to any one ﬁnancial institution. (iii) Liquidity risk Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufﬁcient cash balances and the availability of funding through an adequate amount of committed credit facilities and the ability to close out market positions. Due to the dynamic nature of the underlying businesses, Group Treasury aims to maintain ﬂexibility in funding by keeping committed credit lines available. (iv) Cash ﬂow and fair value interest rate risk The group’s income and operating cash ﬂows are substantially independent of changes in market interest rates. The group’s interest rate risk arises from long-term borrowings. Borrowings issued at variable rates expose the group to cash ﬂow interest rate risk. Borrowings issued at ﬁxed rates expose the group to fair value interest rate risk. Group policy is to maintain over 50% of its borrowings in ﬁxed rate instruments. Currently some 72% of the group’s net debt is ﬁxed. The group manages its cash ﬂow interest rate risk by using ﬂoating to ﬁxed interest rate swaps. Such interest rate swaps have the economic effect of converting borrowings from ﬂoating rates to ﬁxed rates. Under the terms of the interest rate swaps, the group agrees with other parties to exchange, at speciﬁed intervals (mainly semi-annually), the difference between ﬁxed contract and ﬂoating rate interest rates calculated by reference to the agreed notional principal amounts. The group has entered into a series of long dated interest rate swaps to hedge future debt. Economically these act to ﬁx ﬂoating rate debt within the group, but do not achieve hedge accounting under the strict criteria of IAS 39. This has led to a charge of £36.7 million in the income statement in 2005/06. j) Fair value estimation The fair value of ﬁnancial instruments traded in active markets (such as trading and available-for-sale securities) is based on quoted market prices at the balance sheet date. The quoted market price used for ﬁnancial assets held by the group is the current bid price. The fair value of ﬁnancial instruments that are not traded in an active market (for example, over the counter derivatives) is determined by using valuation techniques. The group uses a variety of methods and makes assumptions that are based on market conditions existing at each balance sheet date. Estimated discounted cash ﬂows are used to determine fair value for the debt. The fair value of interest rate swaps is calculated as the present value of the estimated future cash ﬂows. The fair value of forward foreign exchange contracts is determined using quoted forward exchange rates at the balance sheet date. The nominal value less impairment provision of trade receivables and payables are assumed to approximate their fair values. The fair value of ﬁnancial liabilities for disclosure purposes is estimated by discounting the future contractual cash ﬂows at the current market interest rate that is available to the group for similar ﬁnancial instruments. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 81 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued 20 Available for sale investments Investments in unquoted equity instruments 2006 £m 0.5 2005 £m 0.7 The fair values of the unquoted equity instruments cannot be measured reliably since there is no active market in the instruments. Hence the investments are held at cost. It is not possible to determine a range of estimates within which the fair values are highly likely to lie. 21 Inventory Inventory and work in progress Development land and properties 22 Trade and other receivables Trade receivables Less provision for impairment of receivables Trade receivables – net Receivables from related parties Corporation tax recoverable Other amounts receivable Prepayments and accrued income Current trade and other receivables The carrying values of trade and other receivables are reasonable approximations of their fair values. There is no concentration of credit risk with respect to trade receivables. Prepayments includes £4.2 million in respect of amounts due from customers for contract work. The amount of contract costs plus recognised proﬁts was £51.7 million. 23 Cash and cash equivalents Cash at bank and in hand Short term bank deposits 2006 £m 34.1 20.3 54.4 2006 £m 372.7 (70.1) 302.6 0.3 0.1 12.1 166.4 481.5 2005 £m 33.2 32.8 66.0 2005 £m 339.8 (63.7) 276.1 0.3 0.5 33.0 182.6 492.5 2006 £m 54.8 87.8 142.6 2005 £m 50.4 40.4 90.8 Of the £87.8 million of short term bank deposits, £34.1 million is not available for use by the group. Further details are given in note 19b. Cash and bank overdrafts include the following for the purposes of the cash ﬂow statement: Cash and cash equivalents Bank overdrafts (note 24) 2006 £m 142.6 (32.2) 110.4 2005 £m 90.8 (26.4) 64.4 82 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements 24 Borrowings Bank overdrafts Bank loans Other loans Obligations under ﬁnance leases Borrowings The borrowings are repayable as follows: On demand or within one year (included in current liabilities) In the second year In the third to ﬁfth years inclusive After ﬁve years Included in non-current liabilities The group’s borrowings are denominated in the following currencies after taking account of cross currency swaps: Sterling Euro US dollar The fair values of the group’s borrowings were: Bank overdrafts Bank loans Other loans Obligations under ﬁnance leases 2006 £m 32.2 381.4 2,201.3 488.8 2005 £m 26.4 448.5 2,005.8 504.7 3,103.7 2,985.4 2006 £m 2005 £m 808.2 486.5 163.6 554.2 1,577.7 138.9 638.7 1,721.3 2,295.5 2,498.9 3,103.7 2,985.4 2006 £m 3,069.4 29.6 4.7 2005 £m 2,903.4 26.4 55.6 3,103.7 2,985.4 2006 £m 32.2 358.7 2,380.1 488.8 2005 £m 26.4 459.0 2,107.7 504.7 3,259.8 3,097.8 Fair values are based on expected future cash ﬂows discounted using LIBOR forward interest rates related to the expected timing of payments. After taking into account interest and cross currency swaps, 72% of the group’s net debt is at ﬁxed interest rates (2005: 64%). The remainder of the group’s debt is held at ﬂoating rate. Sterling debt bears LIBOR interest, US dollar debt bears interest at US dollar LIBOR, whilst Euro debt bears interest at EURIBOR. Fixed debt has a weighted average interest rate of 5.7% (2005: 6.0%) for a weighted average period of 14.6 years (2005: 17.4 years). Further details of bank facilities are given in note 19. Obligations under ﬁnance leases are as follows: Gross obligations under ﬁnance leases Less future ﬁnance charges Present value of lease obligations 2006 £m 721.6 (232.8) 2005 £m 847.4 (342.7) 488.8 504.7 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 83 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued 25 Trade and other payables Current liabilities Trade payables Dividends payable Social security and other taxes Other payables Accruals and deferred income Non-current liabilities Deferred income Other payables Accrued expenses 2006 £m 2005 £m 57.3 – 47.9 39.3 396.1 540.6 151.5 2.7 4.5 158.7 60.8 63.0 29.4 34.9 389.9 578.0 124.7 4.5 – 129.2 The directors consider that the carrying value of trade payables is not materially different from their fair values. Accruals and deferred income includes £0.7 million in respect of amounts due to customers for contract work. 26 Deferred tax The following are the major deferred tax liabilities and assets recognised by the group and movements thereon during the current and prior reporting period. At 1 April 2004 Charge/(credit) to income Charge/(credit) to equity Exchange differences At 31 March 2005 Restatement on adoption of IAS 39 At 1 April 2005 Charge/(credit) to income Charge/(credit) to equity Acquisitions/disposals Assets held for sale Exchange differences At 31 March 2006 Accelerated tax depreciation £m Retirement beneﬁt obligation £m Tax losses £m Fair value of ﬁnancial instruments £m 878.2 43.0 - 0.1 (112.9) 4.4 13.0 - 921.3 (95.5) (2.2) 1.0 - - (1.2) - - - - - Other £m 76.9 (13.9) 0.4 0.1 63.5 Total £m 840.0 34.5 13.4 0.2 888.1 - 921.3 10.2 - 0.1 - - - (95.5) 20.9 8.0 - - - - (21.2) - (21.2) (1.2) 0.1 - - 1.0 - (21.2) (11.0) 1.4 - - - 63.5 (26.2) (0.8) - - (0.4) 866.9 (6.0) 8.6 0.1 1.0 (0.4) 931.6 (66.6) (0.1) (30.8) 36.1 870.2 Certain deferred tax assets and liabilities have been offset. The offset amounts are as follows: Deferred tax asset to be recovered after more than 12 months Deferred tax asset to be recovered within 12 months Deferred tax liability to be recovered after more than 12 months Deferred tax liability to be recovered within 12 months 2006 £m (68.9) (3.0) (71.9) 932.8 9.3 942.1 870.2 2005 £m (31.8) (7.1) (38.9) 927.0 - 927.0 888.1 In addition to the amounts disclosed above, at the balance sheet date the group had unrecognised deferred tax assets in respect of unused tax losses of £10.3 million (2005: £9.1 million) available for off-set against future proﬁts. 84 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements 27 Retirement beneﬁt schemes Deﬁned beneﬁt schemes The group operates a number of deﬁned beneﬁt pension schemes in the UK, covering the majority of UK employees. The deﬁned beneﬁt schemes are funded to cover future salary and pension increases and their assets are held in separate funds administered by trustees. A formal actuarial valuation of each scheme is carried out at regular intervals by an independent professionally qualiﬁed actuary. Under the deﬁned beneﬁt schemes, members are entitled to retirement beneﬁts calculated as a proportion (varying between one thirtieth and one eightieth for each year of service) of their salary for the ﬁnal year of employment with the group or, if higher, the average of the highest three consecutive years salary in the last ten years of employment. The ﬁnal salary sections of all four of the pension schemes listed below are closed to new entrants and the age proﬁle of scheme participants is expected to rise and hence service costs are also expected to rise in the future. The UK deﬁned beneﬁt schemes and the date of their last formal actuarial valuation are as follows: UK deﬁned beneﬁt scheme Date of last formal actuarial valuation Severn Trent Pension Scheme (“STPS”) * Severn Trent Senior Staff Pension Scheme UK Waste Pension Scheme Severn Trent Water Mirror Image Pension Scheme 31 March 2004 31 March 2004 6 April 2003 31 March 2003 * The STPS is by far the largest of the group’s UK deﬁned beneﬁt schemes. Beneﬁts are also provided by the group on an unfunded, unapproved basis to a number of senior staff recruited since June 1989, whose beneﬁts would otherwise have been restricted by the Finance Act 1989 earnings cap. Provision is made for such beneﬁts by annual charge against the group’s earnings totalling in the current year £1.2 million (2005: £1.6 million). The major assumptions used in the valuation of the STPS (also the approximate weighted average of assumptions used for the valuations of all group schemes) were as follows: Price inﬂation Salary increases Pension increases in payment and deferment Discount rate Longevity at age 70 for current pensioners – men – women Longevity at age 65 for future pensioners – men – women Amounts recognised in the income statement in respect of these deﬁned beneﬁt schemes are as follows: Amounts charged to operating costs Current service cost Past service cost Settlements Amounts charged to net ﬁnance costs Interest cost Expected return on scheme assets Valuation at 2006 2005 2.70% 4.20% 2.70% 4.90% 14.5 16.7 18.9 21.8 2.75% 4.25% 2.75% 5.50% 14.5 16.7 18.9 21.8 2006 £m 2005 £m (38.9) (0.8) – (39.7) (75.4) 79.2 3.8 (41.3) – (4.0) (45.3) (71.0) 69.8 (1.2) Total amount charged to the income statement (35.9) (46.5) Actuarial gains and losses have been reported in the statement of recognised income and expense. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 85 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued The amount included in the balance sheet arising from the group’s obligations under deﬁned beneﬁt schemes is as follows: Present value of deﬁned beneﬁt obligations – funded schemes Total fair value of assets Present value of deﬁned beneﬁt obligations – unfunded schemes Liability recognised in the balance sheet Movements in the present value of the deﬁned beneﬁt obligation were as follows: At 1 April Service cost Loss on settlements and curtailments Interest cost Contributions from scheme members Actuarial gains and losses recognised in the statement of recognised income and expense Beneﬁts paid At 31 March Movements in the fair value of the scheme assets were as follows: At 1 April Expected return on scheme assets Contributions from the sponsoring companies Contributions from scheme members Actuarial gains and losses recognised in the statement of recognised income and expense Beneﬁts paid At 31 March The analysis of the assets in the schemes and the expected rates of return were: Equities Gilts Corporate bonds Property Cash Total fair value of assets 2006 £m 2005 £m (1,613.3) 1,402.9 (1,384.9) 1,076.9 (210.4) (11.5) (308.0) (9.5) (221.9) (317.5) 2006 £m 2005 £m 1,394.4 39.7 – 75.4 10.6 152.8 (48.1) 1,310.9 41.3 4.0 71.0 11.5 (5.7) (38.6) 1,624.8 1,394.4 2006 £m 1,076.9 79.2 105.2 10.6 179.1 (48.1) 2005 £m 934.4 69.8 62.3 11.5 37.5 (38.6) 1,402.9 1,076.9 Expected return 8.00% 4.17% 4.40% 6.20% 3.70% 2006 Fair value of assets £m 907.5 261.7 63.5 81.4 88.8 1,402.9 Expected return 8.25% 4.60% 5.50% 6.46% 3.75% 2005 Fair value of assets £m 742.3 185.9 55.0 63.1 30.6 1,076.9 The expected rate of return on scheme assets is based on market expectations at the beginning of the period for returns over the life of the beneﬁt obligation. For gilts and corporate bonds the expected rates of return are based on market yields at the balance sheet date. For equities, an equity risk premium has been added to the gilt rate. The actual return on scheme assets was £258.3 million (2005: £107.3 million). The estimated amount of contributions expected to be paid to the schemes in the normal course during the year ending 31 March 2007 is £65.0 million. The history of actual and expected performance of pension scheme assets and liabilities is: Difference between actual and expected return on scheme assets Experience adjustments on scheme liabilities Total fair value of assets 86 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 2006 £m 179.1 (152.8) 26.3 2005 £m 37.5 5.7 43.2 Group ﬁnancial statements Deﬁned contribution schemes The group also operates deﬁned contribution arrangements for certain of its UK and overseas employees. In September 2001, the Severn Trent Group Pension Scheme (an occupational deﬁned contribution scheme) was established to ensure compliance with stakeholder legislation and to provide the group with an alternative pension arrangement. This was closed to new entrants on 1 April 2005 and replaced by the Severn Trent Stakeholder Pension Scheme. The total cost charged to operating costs of £4.0 million (2005: £2.6 million) represents contributions payable to these schemes by the group at rates speciﬁed in the rules of the schemes. As at 31 March 2006, no contributions (2005: £nil) due in respect of the current reporting period had not been paid over to the schemes. 28 Provisions Environmental and landﬁll restoration Restructuring £m £m Insurance £m Onerous contracts £m At 1 April 2004 Charged to income statement Utilisation of provision Unwinding of discount Reclassiﬁcation Prior year fair value adjustment Exchange differences At 1 April 2005 Charged to income statement Utilisation of provision Unwinding of discount Reclassiﬁcation Amounts classiﬁed as held for sale Exchange differences At 31 March 2006 Included in Current liabilities Non-current liabilities 77.1 9.5 (9.6) 2.3 (2.7) 0.5 0.3 77.4 9.8 (12.2) 2.3 (0.8) (10.0) 0.3 66.8 2.1 13.8 (2.4) – – – – 13.5 4.0 (9.9) – – – – 7.6 22.3 12.5 (8.6) – 1.3 – – 27.5 10.5 (9.3) – – – – 28.7 6.8 0.4 (3.4) – – (0.1) – 3.7 – (1.5) – – – – 2.2 Other £m 0.8 0.4 (0.5) – – – – 0.7 5.5 (1.7) – 0.4 – – 4.9 2006 £m 30.1 80.1 Total £m 109.1 36.6 (24.5) 2.3 (1.4) 0.4 0.3 122.8 29.8 (34.6) 2.3 (0.4) (10.0) 0.3 110.2 2005 £m 32.2 90.6 110.2 122.8 As more fully explained in note 2m, environmental and landﬁll restoration provisions reﬂect costs to be incurred over the operational life of individual landﬁll sites and in the case of aftercare costs, for up to 30 years thereafter. Discounting is applied. The restructuring provision reﬂects costs to be incurred in respect of committed programmes. All of the associated outﬂows are estimated to occur within one year of the balance sheet date. Derwent Insurance Limited, a captive insurance company, is a wholly owned subsidiary of the group. Provisions for claims are made as set out in note 2m. The associated outﬂows are estimated to arise over a period of up to ﬁve years from the balance sheet date. The onerous or loss making contract provision relates to speciﬁc contractual liabilities either assumed with businesses acquired or arising in existing group businesses, where estimated future costs are not expected to be recovered in revenues. The associated outﬂows are estimated. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 87 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued 29 Share capital Total authorised share capital: 520,175,751 ordinary shares of 655⁄19p Total issued and fully paid share capital: 348,093,283 (2005: 346,002,393) ordinary shares of 655⁄19p 2006 £m 2005 £m 339.5 339.5 227.2 225.8 1,652,278 ordinary shares of 655⁄19p were issued at 473p, 536p, 548p, 568p, 592p, 759p, 799p or 831p under the group’s Employee Sharesave Scheme and 438,612 ordinary shares of 655⁄19p were issued at 680.5p, 688p, 720p, 738p, 934p or 1005p under the group’s Share Option Scheme (formerly Executive Share Option Scheme). The aggregate consideration in respect of these allotments was £11.6 million. Changes in share capital were as follows: At 1 April Employee share option schemes At 31 March 30 Share premium At 1 April Employee share option scheme At 31 March 31 Other reserves At 1 April 2004 Exchange adjustments net of tax At 31 March 2005 IAS 39 transition Deferred tax on IAS 39 adjustments 225.8 1.4 227.2 2006 £m 38.4 10.2 48.6 Hedging reserves £m – 0.8 0.8 (79.0) 21.2 225.2 0.6 225.8 2005 £m 33.5 4.9 38.4 Total other reserves £m 470.3 (3.0) 467.3 (79.0) 21.2 Capital redemption reserve £m Infrastructure reserves £m Translation exchange reserve £m 156.1 – 156.1 314.2 – 314.2 – (3.8) (3.8) Change of accounting policy on adoption of IAS 32 and IAS 39 (57.8) (57.8) At 1 April 2005 Exchange adjustments net of tax Cash ﬂow hedges – Fair value gains in the period – Transfers to net proﬁt At 31 March 2006 156.1 – 314.2 – (3.8) 21.6 (57.0) (3.5) 409.5 18.1 – – – – – – 0.3 4.5 0.3 4.5 156.1 314.2 17.8 (55.7) 432.4 The translation reserve arises from exchange differences on translation of the results and ﬁnancial position of foreign subsidiaries as well as foreign exchange differences arising from hedges of net investment. The hedging reserve arises from gains or losses on hedging instruments taken directly to equity under the hedge accounting provisions of IAS 39 and the transition rules of IFRS 1. The capital redemption reserve arose on the redemption of B shares. It is not distributable. The infrastructure reserve arose on restating infrastructure assets to fair value as deemed cost on transition to IFRS and is not distributable. The translation reserve arises from exchange differences on translation of the results and ﬁnancial position of foreign subsidiaries as well as foreign exchange differences arising from hedges of net investment. 88 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements 32 Movement in shareholders’ equity At 1 April 2004 Exchange adjustments net of tax Purchase of shares for ESOP trust Share options and LTIPs – proceeds from shares issued – value of employees’ services Net proﬁt for the year Dividends Actuarial gain on pension schemes Deferred tax on items posted directly to equity Share capital £m 225.2 – – 0.6 – – – – – Share premium £m 33.5 – – 4.9 – – – – – Other reserves £m 470.3 (3.0) – – – – – – – Equity attributable to the equity holders of Severn Trent Plc £m 1,821.6 (3.0) (4.1) 5.5 4.1 157.4 (163.7) 43.2 (13.4) Retained earnings £m 1,092.6 – (4.1) – 4.1 157.4 (163.7) 43.2 (13.4) Minority interests £m 2.4 – – – – 0.7 (1.2) – – Total £m 1,824.0 (3.0) (4.1) 5.5 4.1 158.1 (164.9) 43.2 (13.4) At 31 March 2005 225.8 38.4 467.3 1,116.1 1,847.6 1.9 1,849.5 IAS 39 transition Deferred tax on IAS 39 adjustments Change of accounting policy on adoption of IAS 32 and IAS 39 At 1 April 2005 Exchange adjustments net of tax Cash ﬂow hedges – Fair value gains in the period – Transfers to net proﬁt Share options and LTIPs – proceeds from shares issued – value of employees’ services Net proﬁt for the year Dividends Actuarial gain on pension schemes Deferred tax on items posted directly to equity – – – 225.8 – – – 1.4 – – – – – At 31 March 2006 227.2 – – – 38.4 – – – 10.2 – – – – – 48.6 (79.0) 21.2 (57.8) 409.5 18.1 0.3 4.5 – – – – – – – – – (79.0) 21.2 (57.8) 1,116.1 – 1,789.8 18.1 – – – 4.1 221.6 (171.3) 26.3 (8.6) 0.3 4.5 11.6 4.1 221.6 (171.3) 26.3 (8.6) – – – 1.9 – – – – – 1.4 (0.7) – – (79.0) 21.2 (57.8) 1,791.7 18.1 0.3 4.5 11.6 4.1 223.0 (172.0) 26.3 (8.6) 432.4 1,188.2 1,896.4 2.6 1,899.0 Purchase of own shares represents ordinary shares of 655⁄19p each purchased by the Severn Trent Employee Share Ownership Trust for certain senior employees under the Long Term Incentive Plans (LTIPs). The main features of the LTIPs are set out in the Directors’ remuneration report on pages 43 and 44. At 31 March 2006, the trust held 914,894 shares (2005: 1,369,984 shares). The market value of these shares at 31 March 2006 was £10.2 million (2005: £12.5 million). Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 89 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued 33 Share based payment The group operates a number of share based remuneration schemes for employees and details of the share awards outstanding during the year are as follows: Outstanding at 1 April 2004 Granted during the year Forfeited during the year Cancelled during the year Exercised during the year Expired during the year Outstanding at 1 April 2005 Granted during the year Forfeited during the year Cancelled during the year Exercised during the year Expired during the year Outstanding at 1 April 2006 Employee Sharesave Scheme Approved Share Option Scheme Unapproved Share Option Scheme Number of share options 6,493,057 1,199,884 (131,074) (256,946) (593,696) (32,952) 6,678,273 1,017,512 (169,511) (142,669) (1,652,278) (16,252) Weighted average exercise price 558p 759p 533p 663p 607p 561p 579p 823p 534p 587p 490p 623p Number of share options 549,633 – (31,024) – (94,027) – 424,582 – (15,528) – (155,617) – Weighted average exercise price 763p – 816p – 730p – 766p – 892p – 755p – Number of share options 1,300,403 – (37,239) – (198,844) – 1,064,320 – (23,450) – (295,786) – 5,715,075 641p 253,437 768p 745,084 Weighted average exercise price 732p – 790p – 724p – 731p – 784p – 744p – 724p The weighted average share price during the period was £10.29 (2005: £8.69). Share option schemes The options outstanding at the end of the period are exercisable as shown below: i) Employee Sharesave Scheme Under the terms of the Sharesave Scheme, the board may grant those employees who have entered into an Inland Revenue approved Save As You Earn contract for a period of three, ﬁve or seven years, the right to purchase ordinary shares in the company. Options outstanding at 31 March 2006 were as follows: Date of grant January 1998 January 1999 January 2000 January 2001 January 2002 January 2003 January 2004 January 2005 January 2006 Normal date of exercise Option price 2006 2005 Number of shares 2005 2004 or 2006 2003, 2005 or 2007 2004, 2006 or 2008 2005, 2007 or 2009 2006, 2008 or 2010 2007, 2009 or 2011 2008, 2010 or 2012 2009, 2011 or 2013 799p 831p 473p 568p 548p 536p 592p 759p 823p – 28,683 301,455 448,188 500,388 1,277,674 1,061,142 1,086,938 1,010,607 43,755 29,169 1,428,973 481,508 926,533 1,402,330 1,174,622 1,191,383 – ii) Approved Share Option Scheme Under the terms of the Share Option Scheme (formerly Executive Share Option Scheme), the board has granted directors and other executives options to purchase ordinary shares in the company. Options outstanding under this scheme at 31 March 2006 were as follows: Date of grant June 1998 June 1999 June 2000 July 2001 June 2002 July 2003 Normal date of exercise 2001-2008 2002-2009 2003-2010 2004-2011 2005-2012 2006-2013 Option price 2006 2005 Number of shares 1005p 934p 688p 738p 720p 680.5p 34,459 35,005 54,335 12,770 22,916 93,952 49,052 53,720 58,725 27,555 119,431 116,099 90 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements iii) Unapproved Share Option Scheme The board has granted executives options to purchase ordinary shares in the company under an unapproved share option scheme. Options outstanding under this scheme at 31 March 2006 were as follows: Date of grant June 1998 June 1999 June 2000 July 2001 June 2002 July 2003 iv) Fair values of awards LTIP awards Sharesave options Share Incentive Plan (SIP) Normal date of exercise 2001-2008 2002-2009 2003-2010 2004-2011 2005-2012 2006-2013 Number 704,790 1,017,512 131,475 Option price 2006 2005 Number of shares 1005p 934p 688p 738p 720p 680.5p 2006 Fair value (£m) 21,271 50,989 181,249 107,665 127,459 256,451 Number 5.6 1.8 1.3 980,591 1,199,884 163,680 34,655 76,255 200,125 158,077 313,803 281,405 2005 Fair value (£m) 4.7 2.8 1.3 The fair value of the LTIP awards was calculated using the Monte Carlo method. The principal assumptions were as follows: LTIP award year Share price at grant date Number of shares awarded Number of employees Vesting period (years) Expected volatility Expected life (years) Expected dividend yield Proportion of employees expected to cease employment before vesting Expectation of meeting economic proﬁt performance criteria Fair value per share (EP scheme/TSR scheme) 2005/06 2004/05 2003/04 1017p 704,790 190 3 17% 3 n/a 0% 100% 1017p/468p 903p 980,591 231 3 20% 3 6.5% 0% 100% 484p 661p 932,481 153 3 25% 3 7.0% 0% 100% 365p Details of the basis of the LTIP schemes are set out in the remuneration report on pages 43 to 44. The fair value of the Sharesave options was calculated using the Black Scholes model. The principal assumptions were as follows: Scheme year Scheme type Share price at grant date Number of options granted Number of employees Vesting period (years) Expected volatility Option life (years) Expected life (years) Risk free rate Expected dividend yield Proportion of employees expected to cease employment before vesting 3 year 1069p 605,633 1775 3 17% 3.5 3.25 4.31% 6.5% Fair value per share – sharesave 2005/06 5 year 1069p 346,668 676 5 17% 5.5 5.25 4.28% 6.5% 7 year 1069p 65,211 111 7 17% 7.5 7.25 4.24% 6.5% 3 year 979p 619,784 1,826 3 30% 3.5 3.25 4.52% 6.5% 2004/05 5 year 979p 461,680 756 5 30% 5.5 5.25 4.54% 6.5% 7 year 979p 118,420 175 7 30% 7.5 7.25 4.56% 6.5% 3 year 736p 749,803 1,824 3 25% 3.5 3.25 4.60% 7.0% 2003/04 5 year 736p 395,829 689 5 25% 5.5 5.25 4.76% 7.0% 7 year 736p 121,681 169 7 25% 7.5 7.25 4.82% 7.0% 15.0% 189p 17.0% 168p 13.0% 149p 15.0% 232p 17.0% 227p 13.0% 216p 15.0% 140p 13.0% 135p 17.0% 127p The SIP shares are purchased on the open market and vest with the employees immediately and hence the value of the shares purchased is charged straight to the income statement. During the period, the group recognised total expenses of £4.1 million (2005: £4.1 million) related to equity settled share-based payment transactions. Volatility is based on historical observations as adjusted for unusual market ﬂuctuations. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 91 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued 34 Disposal of subsidiaries On 31 January 2006 the group sold its interests in Worksuite Limited and Worksuite LLC and sold certain assets and liabilities of Severn Trent Systems Limited to LogicaCMG Plc The net assets at the date of sale were: Property, plant and equipment Intangible assets Trade and other receivables Trade and other payables Foreign exchange movements recycled from reserves Loss on disposal Total consideration Satisﬁed by: Cash Deferred consideration Net cash inﬂow arising on disposal Cash consideration Cash and cash equivalents disposed of This loss on disposal is included in the exceptional costs analysed in note 7. 35 Cash ﬂow statement a) Reconciliation of operating proﬁt to operating cash ﬂows Operating proﬁt from continuing operations Operating proﬁt from discontinued operations Depreciation of property, plant and equipment Amortisation of intangible assets Proﬁt on sale of property, plant and equipment Proﬁt on sale of investments Deferred income movement Provisions for liabilities and charges Utilisation of provisions for liabilities and charges Decrease in stocks Increase in debtors Increase/(decrease) in creditors Cash generated from operations Interest paid Interest element of ﬁnance lease rental payments Tax paid Net cash inﬂow from operating activities b) Analysis of net cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents Bank overdrafts c) Non-cash transactions 31 January 2006 £m 0.3 0.9 2.5 (3.4) 0.3 1.7 (0.4) 1.6 1.6 – 1.6 1.6 – 1.6 2006 £m 2005 £m 472.5 (4.1) 468.4 267.9 29.3 (4.3) – (3.5) 29.8 (34.6) 13.4 (10.8) 3.3 758.9 396.5 3.3 399.8 260.3 22.3 (7.5) (4.3) (1.4) 36.6 (24.5) 14.0 (36.4) (35.6) 623.3 (139.4) (45.1) (68.3) (136.3) (16.8) (36.5) 506.1 433.7 2006 £m 142.6 (32.2) 110.4 2005 £m 90.8 (26.4) 64.4 Additions to property plant and equipment during the year amounting to £0.3 million were ﬁnanced by new ﬁnance leases. 92 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements 36 Contingent liabilities a) Bonds and guarantees Group undertakings have entered into bonds in the normal course of business. No liability is expected to arise in respect of either bonds or guarantees. b) Regulatory matters In May 2004 an employee of Severn Trent Water raised a number of allegations relating, in particular, to alleged accounting inaccuracies and regulatory returns. On 31 October 2005, as a result of a referral by Ofwat, the Serious Fraud Ofﬁce (SFO) informed the Company that it was undertaking a criminal investigation into alleged reporting irregularities made to Ofwat by Severn Trent Water Limited between 2000 and 2003. Ofwat had been conducting its own investigation following the allegations made by the employee of Severn Trent Water. Ofwat began its investigation into the allegations in January 2005. The matter reported to the SFO concerned data on leakage. On 7 March 2006 Ofwat published its interim report concerning the allegations of false reporting made against Severn Trent Water in 2004. The Company’s internal investigation and Ofwat’s investigation were thorough and lengthy, requiring complex judgements. Severn Trent’s judgements have not been identical to Ofwat’s in every aspect, but in the interests of making amends as soon as possible, the board believed it was sensible to proceed by agreement. Having considered Ofwat’s ﬁndings, the board of Severn Trent Plc agreed that customer accounts should be credited as soon as possible. In 2006/07, on average, this credit will be around £4 per customer in addition to the £2 to £3 already rebated. In the following three years the rebate will be £2 to £3 per customer. A provision of £10.6 million has been included in these ﬁnancial statements in respect of amounts relating to 2005/06 and prior. The Company also acknowledged that Ofwat may expect further amends to be made to customers. Ofwat has stated that this penalty will be discussed with Severn Trent Water on completion of the SFO investigation into leakage. On 7 April 2006 the Company announced that as a result of an ongoing comprehensive review of Severn Trent Water by its managing director, Tony Wray, and his new management team, the board believed there was prima facia evidence of customer relations data being misstated by Severn Trent Water in submissions to Ofwat. The data concerned the handling of customer billing queries and telephone contacts over several years. Ofwat is carrying out an independent veriﬁcation of the internal Severn Trent investigation and report relating to customer relations data submitted to it using forensic accountants who will report to both Severn Trent Water and Ofwat on their conclusions. No reliable estimate can currently be made of the amounts that might become payable as a result of the SFO enquiry, Ofwat’s ﬁnal conclusion in respect of the allegations of false reporting or its review of customer relations data. Consequently, except as noted above, no provision has been included in these ﬁnancial statements in respect of these matters. c) Belgian environmental tax In June 2005 The Flemish Waste Agency “OVAM” instigated an investigation by the Antwerp Examining Magistrate into Biffa Belgium’s waste recycling operations in connection with the payment of environmental taxes. A provision of £4.0 million, the amount currently assessed by OVAM, has been made in these ﬁnancial statements for potential additional environmental taxes, related penalties and interest for prior periods. No provision has been made for any criminal penalties that might result from this investigation since no reliable estimate can be made of the amount that might become payable. d) Disposal of subsidiaries The group has entered into agreements to dispose of its interests in Worksuite LLC, the assets and certain liabilities of its CIS business and Biffa Belgium. The group has given certain guarantees and indemnities to the purchasers of these businesses. The group is not aware of any liability that is likely to result from these guarantees and indemnities that has not been provided for in these ﬁnancial statements. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 93 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued 37 Financial and other commitments Investment expenditure commitments Contracted for but not provided in the ﬁnancial statements 2006 £m 2005 £m 148.5 174.2 In addition to these contractual commitments, Severn Trent Water Limited has longer term expenditure plans which include investments to achieve improvements in performance mandated by the Director General of Water Services and to provide for growth in demand for water and sewerage services. At the balance sheet date the group had outstanding commitments for future minimum operating lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases, which fall due as follows: Within one year In the second to ﬁfth years inclusive After more than ﬁve years 2006 £m 19.3 33.6 54.0 2005 £m 17.5 32.5 54.4 106.9 104.4 Operating lease payments represent rentals payable by the group for certain of its ofﬁce properties, plant and equipment. 38 Post balance sheet events Following the year-end the Board of Directors has proposed a ﬁnal dividend of 31.97 pence per share. Further details of this are shown in note 12. On 4 April 2006 the board of Severn Trent Plc announced that it intends to demerge its UK integrated waste management business, Biffa. The board believes that the creation of two separately listed companies, Severn Trent Plc and Biffa Plc, each with dedicated boards and experienced management teams focused on continued strategic and operational development with access to their own capital will deliver greater beneﬁts to shareholders, customers and employees. Following the demerger Severn Trent is expected to remain the UK’s second largest listed water company and a constituent of the FTSE 100, continuing to focus on delivering investment programmes, improving efﬁciencies and customer service levels. Biffa is one of the UK’s leading integrated waste management companies. It was acquired by Severn Trent in 1991 and since then it has grown both organically and through the acquisitions of UK Waste and Hales. Following the demerger it is expected to be a constituent of the FTSE 250. The decision to demerge Biffa remains subject to shareholder and other approvals and to further detailed due diligence. The Board expects the demerger to be completed by the end of October 2006. On 12 May 2006 the group agreed to sell Biffa Belgium to Veolia for €45 million. It is expected that this transaction will be completed before the end of June 2006. The transaction is conditional upon the clearance form the Belgian competition authorities. On 2 June 2006 the group signed heads of terms to sell its interest in Aquaﬁn NV to the Flemish Government for approximately £30 million. The sale is expected to complete in July 2006. The ﬁnancial effect of these cannot currently be determined. 94 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements 39 Related party transactions Transactions between the company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties, have been eliminated on consolidation and are not included in this note. Transactions between the group and its associates and joint ventures are disclosed below. Trading transactions Cognice Detroit Water SII Severn Trent De Nora Sale of goods Purchase of goods Amounts due from related parties 2006 £m – 0.2 9.1 – 9.3 2005 £m – 0.2 6.2 – 6.4 2006 £m 0.1 – – 0.2 0.3 2005 £m 0.1 – – 0.1 0.2 2006 £m 0.1 0.1 11.7 0.2 12.1 2005 £m 0.1 0.2 5.8 0.2 6.3 Amounts due to related parties 2006 £m 2005 £m – – – – – – – – – – The related parties are associated and joint ventures in which the group has a participating interest. Remuneration of key management personnel Key management personnel comprise the executive directors and senior management of Severn Trent Plc, Severn Trent Water, Biffa and Severn Trent Services. The remuneration of the directors is included within the amounts disclosed below. Further information about the remuneration of individual directors is provided in the audited part of the Directors’ remuneration report on pages 48 to 51. Short term employee beneﬁts Post employment beneﬁts Termination beneﬁts Share based payments 2006 £m 8.7 1.6 0.3 1.1 2005 £m 8.0 2.2 – 1.4 11.7 11.6 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 95 C2C Services Limited (80% owned) 2308 Coventry Road, Birmingham B26 3JZ Telephone 0121 722 6000 Directors W F Earp B M Horner W G Weatherdon A J Handford R J Phillips E A Wilson Other Businesses Severn Trent Property Limited 2308 Coventry Road, Birmingham B26 3JZ Telephone 0121 722 6000 (Property development) Directors G P F Inge P A Ludlow V J O’Connell J S R Haynes C S Matthews Derwent Insurance Limited 6A Queensway, PO Box 64, Gibraltar Telephone 00 350 47529 (Insurance company – incorporated and operational in Gibraltar) Directors N Feetham P K Tandon F B Smith F White Country of incorporation, and main operation is Great Britain and registration is England and Wales unless otherwise stated. All subsidiary undertakings are wholly owned unless otherwise indicated. All shareholdings are in ordinary shares. All subsidiary undertakings have been included in the consolidation. As at 5 June 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued 40 Principal subsidiary undertakings and their Directors Details of the principal operating subsidiaries are given below. A complete list of subsidiary undertakings is available on request to the company and will be ﬁled with the next Annual Return. Water and Sewerage Severn Trent Water Limited 2297 Coventry Road, Birmingham B26 3PU Telephone 0121 722 4000 Directors C S Matthews R S S Martin S H Reilly S Stubbs M W Keogh G C Messham P F Stephenson A P Wray Waste Management Biffa Plc 2297 Coventry Road, Birmingham B26 3PU Telephone 0121 722 4000 (Holding company) Directors C S Matthews M J Bettington R H Davies W R A De Jonghe D R Knott T W J Lowth R B Tate Biffa Waste Services Limited Coronation Road, Cressex High Wycombe HP12 3TZ Telephone 01494 521221 Directors M J Bettington B J Grifﬁths D R Knott M D Prosser D Savory R Chivers P T Jones T W J Lowth M L Saville R B Tate Biffa Treatment NV Robert Schumanplein 6, bus 5 1040 Brussels, Belgium Telephone 0032 2 257 92 00 (Incorporated and operational in Belgium) Directors M J Bettington T W J Lowth N V Retema (represented by W R A De Jonghe) P Canivet W Tytgat Laboratories Severn Trent Laboratories Limited STL Business Centre, Torrington Avenue Coventry CV4 9GU Telephone 024 764 21213 Directors R S Brydon Jannetta R A Henton Severn Trent Laboratories Inc. Suite 300, 580 Virginia Drive, Ft Washington Pennsylvania 19034 2707, USA Telephone 001 215 646 9201 (Incorporated and operational in the United States of America) Directors R S Brydon Jannetta H Collins Villemaire K J Kelly K C Wheatstone Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Severn Trent Services Inc. Suite 300, 580 Virginia Drive, Ft Washington Pennsylvania 19034 2707, USA Telephone 001 215 646 9201 (Incorporated and operational in the United States of America) Directors C S Matthews D L Chester H Collins Villemaire R S Brydon Jannetta L F Graziano Severn Trent Environmental Services Inc. Park 10, 16337 Park Row Houston, Texas 77084, USA Telephone 001 281 578 4200 (Incorporated and operational in the United States of America) Directors D L Chester J A Graziose (Jr) L F Graziano K J Kelly Severn Trent Services Limited Park Lane, Minworth, Sutton Coldﬁeld West Midlands B76 9BL Telephone 0121 313 2300 Directors R A Lloyd R G Piper Severn Trent Water Puriﬁcation Inc. 3000 Advance Lane, Colmar Pennsylvania 18915, USA Telephone 001 215 997 4000 (Incorporated and operational in the United States of America) Directors D L Chester K J Kelly L F Graziano Severn Trent Metering Services Limited Smeckley Wood Close Chesterﬁeld Trading Estate Chesterﬁeld S41 9PZ Telephone 01246 456658 Directors A R Elder R G Piper L F Graziano Severn Trent Water International Limited 2308 Coventry Road, Birmingham B26 3JZ Telephone 0121 722 6000 Directors L F Graziano B M Horner W G Weatherdon W F Earp A Norman 96 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements 41 Explanation of transition to IFRS This is the ﬁrst year that the group has presented its ﬁnancial statements under IFRS. The last ﬁnancial statements under UK GAAP were for the year ended 31 March 2005 and the date of transition to IFRS was therefore 1 April 2004. Reconciliation of equity at 1 April 2004 Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment Intangible assets Goodwill Other intangible assets Investments in joint ventures Investments in associates Available for sale ﬁnancial assets Non-current assets Current assets Inventories Trade and other receivables Cash and cash equivalents Current assets Total assets Current liabilities Trade and other payables Borrowings Current income tax liabilities Current liabilities Non-current liabilities Trade and other payables Borrowings Deferred tax liabilities Retirement beneﬁt obligations Provisions Deferred income Non-current liabilities Total liabilities Net assets Equity Share capital Other reserves Retained earnings Minority interests Total equity Effect of transition to IFRS £m UK GAAP £m IFRS £m 5,278.0 207.1 5,485.1 497.6 – 9.6 17.7 1.0 – 112.6 – – – 497.6 112.6 9.6 17.7 1.0 5,803.9 319.7 6,123.6 80.4 452.8 115.3 648.5 – (7.8) – (7.8) 80.4 445.0 115.3 640.7 6,452.4 311.9 6,764.3 (671.0) (486.9) (65.8) 92.1 (4.0) – (578.9) (490.9) (65.8) (1,223.7) 88.1 (1,135.6) (17.4) (2,377.5) (462.9) – (109.1) (45.7) 11.1 (0.4) (377.8) (376.5) – (48.5) (6.3) (2,377.9) (840.7) (376.5) (109.1) (94.2) (3,012.6) (792.1) (3,804.7) (4,236.3) (704.0) (4,940.3) 2,216.1 (392.1) 1,824.0 258.7 156.1 1,798.9 2,213.7 2.4 – 314.2 (706.3) (392.1) – 258.7 470.3 1,092.6 1,821.6 2.4 2,216.1 (392.1) 1,824.0 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 97 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued 41 Explanation of transition to IFRS (continued) Reconciliation of equity at 31 March 2005 Non-current assets Property, plant and equipment Intangible assets Goodwill Other intangible assets Investments in joint ventures Investments in associates Available for sale ﬁnancial assets Non-current assets Current assets Inventories Trade and other receivables Cash and cash equivalents Current assets Total assets Current liabilities Trade and other payables Borrowings Current income tax liabilities Current liabilities Non-current liabilities Trade and other payables Borrowings Deferred tax liabilities Retirement beneﬁt obligations Provisions Deferred income Non-current liabilities Total liabilities Net assets Equity Share capital Other reserves Retained earnings Minority interests Total equity 98 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 UK GAAP £m Effect of transition to IFRS £m IFRS £m 5,440.6 198.8 5,639.4 469.5 14.2 9.5 16.3 0.7 29.6 111.6 – – – 499.1 125.8 9.5 16.3 0.7 5,950.8 340.0 6,290.8 66.0 499.4 90.8 656.2 – (6.9) – (6.9) 66.0 492.5 90.8 649.3 6,607.0 333.1 6,940.1 (669.4) (486.5) (69.6) 91.4 – – (578.0) (486.5) (69.6) (1,225.5) 91.4 (1,134.1) (17.9) (2,494.3) (499.8) – (124.4) (45.1) 13.4 (4.6) (388.3) (317.5) 1.6 (79.6) (4.5) (2,498.9) (888.1) (317.5) (122.8) (124.7) (3,181.5) (775.0) (3,956.5) (4,407.0) (683.6) (5,090.6) 2,200.0 (350.5) 1,849.5 264.2 156.1 1,777.8 2,198.1 1.9 – 314.2 (664.7) (350.5) – 264.2 470.3 1,113.1 1,847.6 1.9 2,200.0 (350.5) 1,849.5 41 Explanation of transition to IFRS (continued) Reconciliation of proﬁt for the year ended 31 March 2005 Turnover Operating costs Operating proﬁt Share of operating proﬁt of joint ventures and associates Proﬁt before ﬁnance costs Net ﬁnance costs Share of proﬁt of associates and joint ventures Proﬁt before taxation Tax expense Proﬁt for the period Group ﬁnancial statements UK GAAP £m 2,081.2 (1,699.2) 382.0 11.7 393.7 (176.4) – 217.3 (77.8) 139.5 Effect of transition to IFRS £m (0.1) 17.9 17.8 (11.7) 6.1 7.1 1.8 15.0 3.6 18.6 IFRS £m 2,081.1 (1,681.3) 399.8 – 399.8 (169.3) 1.8 232.3 (74.2) 158.1 Summary of signiﬁcant differences between IFRS and UK GAAP that affect the group The signiﬁcant differences between UK GAAP and IFRS that affect the group and the impact on the group’s reported results and ﬁnancial position are shown above. The key areas of difference are: Property, plant and equipment Under UK GAAP, the water and wastewater infrastructure assets within Severn Trent Water were accounted for in accordance with the renewals accounting provisions of Financial Reporting Standard 15 ‘Tangible Fixed Assets’. Such provisions are not present within International Accounting Standard 16 ‘Property, plant and equipment’ (IAS 16) and it is therefore necessary to change the accounting policies for these assets on transition to IFRS. The accounting policies applied under UK GAAP in respect of all other ﬁxed assets are compliant with IFRS and remain appropriate. Under renewals accounting the water and wastewater infrastructure networks are assumed to be single assets. Expenditure on infrastructure assets relating to increases in capacity or enhancements to the networks and on maintaining the operating capability of the networks in accordance with deﬁned standards of service are capitalised. The depreciation charged is the estimated anticipated level of annual expenditure required to maintain the operating capability of the networks. Grants and contributions relating to the maintenance of the operating capability of the infrastructure network were taken into account in determining this charge. Grants and contributions relating to enhancement of the infrastructure network are deducted from the cost of ﬁxed assets. Under IAS 16 this treatment may not be applied. Therefore, the signiﬁcant parts within the infrastructure networks have been identiﬁed and useful lives and residual values determined so that each signiﬁcant part may be depreciated individually. As the UK GAAP net book value of the infrastructure networks was determined using an accounting policy not compliant with IFRS, a deemed cost has been established for the opening balance sheet carrying value of the infrastructure networks by reference to the fair value at the date of transition, 1 April 2004 (as permitted by IFRS 1). The election to record the carrying value of the water and wastewater infrastructure networks at fair value, and to use that fair value as the deemed cost in the opening IFRS balance sheet, increases net assets by £275.5 million as at 31 March 2005 compared with UK GAAP. The segments recognised within the water and wastewater networks have been based upon asset class since no single pipe or section of sewer is signiﬁcant compared with the total value of the networks. This has led to the identiﬁcation of 6 segments (impounding reservoirs, raw water aqueducts, large water mains, other water mains and pipes, strategic sewers and other sewers) which have been assigned zero residual values at the end of their useful lives. The lives allocated to these segments range from 80 – 250 years. The depreciation on these assets results in an additional charge of £19.8 million in the 2005 IFRS income statement compared with UK GAAP. Since the classiﬁcation of expenditure incurred in maintaining the networks between operating expenditure and capital expenditure has not changed there is no change to the repairs and maintenance expenditure charged to the income statement over the long term. However, under UK GAAP such expenditure was included in the calculation of the infrastructure renewals charge and was therefore smoothed over an Asset Management Period (“AMP”). Under IAS 16, repairs and maintenance expenditure will be charged to the income statement in the period in which it is incurred. This will introduce an element of volatility into the income statement since the level of such expenditure can ﬂuctuate signiﬁcantly from one reporting period to the next, within a single AMP. All grants and contributions are credited to deferred income and released to the income statement over the useful economic lives of the related assets. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 99 Group ﬁnancial statements Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements continued Retirement beneﬁts The group prepared its 2005 UK GAAP results in accordance with Statement of Standard Accounting Practice 24 ‘Accounting for Pension Costs’ (SSAP 24). Under SSAP 24, any pension scheme surplus or deﬁcit identiﬁed at the most recent actuarial valuation is recognised through the proﬁt and loss account over the average expected remaining service lives of current employees. The net pension cost under SSAP 24 therefore includes both the cost of providing an additional year of pension beneﬁts to employees (regular cost) and an element of the surplus or deﬁcit relating to previous years (variation). The difference between employer’s contributions paid and the SSAP 24 net pension cost is recognised as a prepayment or accrual, which does not necessarily reﬂect the actuarial position. Interest is calculated on this balance sheet entry and is included in the net pension cost. Under International Accounting Standard 19 ‘Employee Beneﬁts’ (IAS 19), deﬁned beneﬁt scheme assets and liabilities have been valued at each balance sheet date and the resulting asset or liability is immediately recognised on the balance sheet. At the start of each year, assumptions are made to enable the current service cost, the expected return on assets and the interest cost to be calculated. These amounts are charged to the income statement for the year. Where actual experience differs from the assumptions made at the start of a ﬁnancial year, actuarial gains and losses are recognised through the statement of recognised income and expense. The expected return on assets and the interest on the liabilities are recognised within ﬁnance costs under IAS 19. Under SSAP 24 all pension costs are recognised within operating proﬁts. The adoption of International Accounting Standard 19 ‘Employee Beneﬁts’ (IAS19) increases the 2005 proﬁt before tax by £18.1 million compared with UK GAAP, representing increased operating proﬁts of £19.4 million and increased ﬁnance costs of £1.3 million. Actuarial gains amounting to £43.2 million have been recognised in reserves. At 31 March 2005, the derecognition of the UK GAAP SSAP 24 liability increases net assets by £5.6 million. Net assets are then reduced by the recognition of the IAS 19 deﬁcit of £317.5 million. Goodwill Goodwill is not amortised under IFRS, but is subject to annual impairment reviews. The reviews carried out at the transition date and 31 March 2005 indicated that no impairment had arisen. Since goodwill is no longer being amortised, the 2005 amortisation charge of £30.1 million is eliminated. Restructuring costs and termination of operations for 2005 are reduced by £9.9 million. IFRS does not allow the UK GAAP requirement to charge goodwill previously written off directly to reserves as part of the loss on termination. Deferred tax The most signiﬁcant impact of International Accounting Standard ‘Income Taxes’ (IAS 12) for the group is that IAS 12 does not permit deferred tax balances to be discounted whereas Financial Reporting Standard 19 ‘Deferred Tax’ (FRS 19) permits, but does not require, discounting of deferred tax assets and liabilities. The group’s policy has been to apply discounting to its deferred tax liability. This is of particular signiﬁcance to a utility business where any reversal of timing differences is likely to be deferred long into the future due to the long asset lives of network assets. The impact of eliminating discounting from the accounting for deferred tax is to increase the deferred tax charge in the year ended 31 March 2005 by £0.8 million and to increase the deferred tax liability at that date by £396.6 million. IAS 12 takes a different conceptual approach to deferred tax than that applied by FRS 19. Under IAS 12 deferred tax must be provided for on all temporary differences between the carrying amount of an asset or liability in the balance sheet and its tax base whereas UK GAAP requires deferred tax to be provided for on timing differences between the treatment of items in the tax computation and the income statement. This change in approach results in deferred tax provisions under IFRS for items which under UK GAAP would be permanent differences and hence would not be provided for. The impact on the group’s IFRS ﬁnancial statements is to decrease the deferred tax charge in the year ended 31 March 2005 by £0.2 million and to increase the deferred tax liability at that date by £20.4 million. The other IFRS adjustments result in a deferred tax credit of £3.1 million in the year ended 31 March 2005 and a decrease in the deferred tax liability at that date of £14.2 million. Dividends payable Under International Accounting Standard 10 ‘Events after the Balance Sheet date’ dividends payable are not recognised as liabilities until they have been appropriately authorised and are unconditional obligations of the group. Historically, under UK GAAP dividends declared for a particular period have been recognised in that period’s ﬁnancial statements, irrespective of the date that they are declared or approved by shareholders. In practice this means that interim dividends will now be recognised in the second half of the ﬁnancial year and ﬁnal dividends will be recognised in the ﬁrst half of the following year. The impact on the group’s IFRS ﬁnancial statements is to reduce the amount of dividends appropriated in the year ended 31 March 2005 by £3.7 million and to increase net assets at 31 March 2005 by £104.6 million. 100 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Group ﬁnancial statements Other differences The other main adjustments are: > The impact of fair valuing shares awarded under LTIP schemes that had not vested before 1 April 2004 and share options granted under the group’s SAYE schemes after 7 November 2002 in accordance with IFRS 2; and > A change in the classiﬁcation of the buildings element of certain property leases from operating to ﬁnance leases arising from the requirement in International Accounting Standard 17 ‘Leases’ (IAS 17) to consider the land and buildings elements of such leases separately; The impact of these adjustments on proﬁt before tax and net assets, both individually and in aggregate, is not considered to be material although the impact of IFRS 2 will increase going forward as more SAYE options fall within its scope. Financial instruments IFRS 1 permits the group to continue to apply UK GAAP in respect of ﬁnancial instruments for the year ended 31 March 2005 and to apply IAS 32 and 39 with effect from 1 April 2005. The comparative information for 2004/05 within these ﬁnancial statements therefore reﬂects ﬁnancial instruments accounted for under the group’s UK GAAP accounting policies. The signiﬁcant transition adjustments required to implement IAS 32 and 39 on 1 April 2005 are described below. The most signiﬁcant impact of IAS 39 is in relation to ﬁnancial instruments, principally interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps, that are held to hedge the group’s exposure to changes in interest rates and exchange rates. Under UK GAAP, debt is initially recorded at the net proceeds of issue. In subsequent periods this is adjusted for accrued ﬁnance costs and payments made. The fair values of derivatives are not recognised in the balance sheet hence the balance sheet values and charges in the proﬁt and loss account are relatively stable. Under IAS 39, the default treatment is for debt to be carried at amortised cost, whilst derivatives are recognised separately on the balance sheet at fair value with movements in those fair values reﬂected through the income statement. This has the potential to introduce considerable volatility both to the income statement and to the balance sheet. Therefore, for fair value hedges, IAS 39 allows changes in the recognised value of hedged debt that are attributable to the hedged risk to be adjusted through the income statement. In the case of cash ﬂow hedges, movements in the fair value of derivatives are deferred within reserves until they can be recycled through the income statement to offset the future income statement effect of changes in the hedged risk. However, in order to apply this treatment, it must be demonstrated that the derivative has been, and will continue to be, an effective hedge of the hedged risk in the underlying debt within the strict criteria set out in IAS 39. Any hedge ineffectiveness, provided it is within the range deemed acceptable by IAS 39, is recognised immediately within the income statement. At 1 April 2005, the group held interest rate swaps as hedges against its exposure to interest rate ﬂuctuations for periods up to 2030. The swap portfolio is designed to hedge the debt portfolio and provide an overall effective economic hedge. However, these swaps are not individually designated to particular liabilities and so do not meet the criteria for hedge accounting under IAS 39. As a result of applying IAS 39 at 1 April 2005 net assets were reduced by £57.8 million. Explanation of material adjustments to the cash ﬂow statement for 2005 Cash ﬂows under IFRS include these in respect of cash equivalents. An adjustment was therefore made to include cash ﬂows in respect of cash held on deposit. Cash ﬂows arising from taxes on income were reclassiﬁed as cash ﬂows from operating activities as it was not possible to identify elements associated with ﬁnancing and investment activities. Cash ﬂows arising from interest payments were reclassiﬁed as cash ﬂows from operating activities on the basis that they enter into the determination of proﬁt. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 101 Group ﬁnancial statements Independent auditors’ report to the members of Severn Trent Plc We have audited the individual company ﬁnancial statements of Severn Trent Plc for the year ended 31 March 2006 which comprise the company balance sheet and company statement of total recognised gains and losses and the related notes 1 to 11. These individual company ﬁnancial statements have been prepared under the accounting policies set out therein. The corporate governance statement and the directors’ remuneration report are included in the group annual report of Severn Trent Plc for the year ended 31 March 2006. We have reported separately on the group ﬁnancial statements of Severn Trent Plc for the year ended 31 March 2006 and on the information in the directors’ remuneration report that is described as having been audited. This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with section 235 of the Companies Act 1985. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditors’ report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. Respective responsibilities of directors and auditors The directors’ responsibilities for preparing the annual report and the individual company ﬁnancial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice) are set out in the directors’ responsibilities statement. Our responsibility is to audit the individual company ﬁnancial statements in accordance with relevant United Kingdom legal and regulatory requirements and International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). We report to you our opinion as to whether the individual company ﬁnancial statements give a true and fair view, in accordance with the relevant ﬁnancial reporting framework, and whether the individual company ﬁnancial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 1985. We report to you whether in our opinion the information given in the directors’ report is consistent with the individual company ﬁnancial statements. We also report to you if, in our opinion, the company has not kept proper accounting records, if we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit, or if information speciﬁed by law regarding directors’ remuneration and other transactions is not disclosed. We read the other information contained in the annual report for the above year as described in the contents section and consider the implications for our report if we become aware of any apparent misstatements or material inconsistencies with the individual company ﬁnancial statements. Basis of audit opinion We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland) issued by the Auditing Practices Board. An audit includes examination, on a test basis, of evidence relevant to the amounts and disclosures in the individual company ﬁnancial statements. It also includes an assessment of the signiﬁcant estimates and judgements made by the directors in the preparation of the individual company ﬁnancial statements, and of whether the accounting policies are appropriate to the company’s circumstances, consistently applied and adequately disclosed. We planned and performed our audit so as to obtain all the information and explanations which we considered necessary in order to provide us with sufﬁcient evidence to give reasonable assurance that the individual company ﬁnancial statements are free from material misstatement, whether caused by fraud or other irregularity or error. In forming our opinion we also evaluated the overall adequacy of the presentation of information in the individual company ﬁnancial statements. Opinion In our opinion: > the individual company ﬁnancial statements give a true and fair view, in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice, of the state of the company’s affairs as at 31 March 2006; > the individual company ﬁnancial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 1985; and > the information given in the directors’ report is consistent with the ﬁnancial statements. Deloitte & Touche LLP Chartered Accountants and Registered Auditors London United Kingdom 5 June 2006 102 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Company balance sheet Year ended 31 March 2006 Fixed assets Tangible ﬁxed assets Investments in subsidiaries Derivative ﬁnancial instruments Current assets Debtors Derivative ﬁnancial instruments Short term deposits Cash at bank and in hand Creditors: amounts falling due within one year Net current liabilities Total assets less current liabilities Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year Net assets Capital and reserves attributable to the company’s equity shareholders Called up share capital Share premium account Other reserves Retained earnings Equity attributable to the company’s equity shareholders Signed on behalf of the board who approved the accounts on 5 June 2006. Sir John Egan Chairman Michael McKeon Group Finance Director Company ﬁnancial statements Notes Notes 2 3 4 2006 £m 2006 £m 5.8 3,670.5 0.7 2005 2005 (restated) (restated) £m £m 6.3 3,613.8 – 3,677.0 3,620.1 54.4 3.9 40.0 330.2 428.5 84.0 – – 172.3 256.3 5 (873.5) (556.1) (445.0) (299.8) 3,232.0 3,320.3 6 (269.9) (329.1) 2,962.1 2,991.2 11 12 13 14 227.2 48.6 137.6 2,548.7 225.8 38.4 156.1 2,570.9 2,962.1 2,991.2 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 103 Company ﬁnancial statements Company statement of total recognised gains and losses Net income recognised directly in equity Transfers Transfers to income on cashﬂow hedges Deferred tax on transfers to income statement Proﬁt for the period Total recognised income and expense for the period Prior year adjustment for adoption of FRS 20 and FRS 21 Change in accounting policy on adoption of FRS 25 and FRS 26 Notes 2006 £m – 3.2 (0.8) 2005 (restated) £m – – – 145.4 147.8 147.8 147.8 (104.0) 13 (21.7) – – 104 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Company ﬁnancial statements Notes to the company ﬁnancial statements 1 Accounting policies a) Basis of accounting The ﬁnancial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention as modiﬁed by the revaluation of ﬁnancial assets and liabilities (including derivative instruments) at fair value through proﬁt and loss and in accordance with applicable United Kingdom Accounting Standards and comply with the requirements of the United Kingdom Companies Act 1985 (‘the Act’). The company has adopted the following accounting standards during the year: FRS 20 – ‘Share based payments’ FRS 21 – ‘Events after the balance sheet date’ FRS 23 – ‘The effects of foreign exchange rates’ FRS 24 – ‘Financial reporting in hyperinﬂationary economies’ FRS 25 – ‘Financial Instruments: Disclosure and presentation’ FRS 26 – ‘Financial Instruments: Measurement’ The adoption of FRS 20 has decreased current assets by £0.3 million, decreased creditors due within one year by £5.6 million, increased investments by £1.5 million and increased retained earnings by £6.8 million for year ended 31 March 2005. The adoption of FRS 21 has decreased creditors due within the year and increased retained earnings by £104.6 million for year ended 31 March 2005 due to the deferral of the ﬁnal dividend for 04/05 until it is approved at the Annual General Meeting. FRS 25 and FRS 26 were adopted from 1 April 2005. There is no restatement of the prior year ﬁgures. Further details of the changes in accounting policies are given below. Details of the impact of this are given in note 14. Further details as to the adjustments on adoption are given in note 14. The remaining standards have no material effects on the ﬁnancial statements. b) Tangible ﬁxed assets and depreciation Tangible ﬁxed assets are included at cost less accumulated depreciation. Freehold land is not depreciated. Other assets are depreciated on a straight line basis over their estimated economic lives, which are principally as follows: Buildings Vehicles, computers and software c) Leased assets Years 30-60 2-15 Where assets are ﬁnanced by leasing arrangements which transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of an asset to the lessee (ﬁnance leases), the assets are accounted for as if they had been purchased and the fair values of minimum lease payments are shown as an obligation to the lessor. Lease payments are treated as consisting of a capital element and a ﬁnance charge, the capital element reducing the obligation to the lessor and the ﬁnance charge being written off to the proﬁt and loss account over the period of the lease in proportion to the capital amount outstanding. Depreciation is charged over the shorter of the estimated useful life and the lease period. All other leases are accounted for as operating leases. Rental costs arising under operating leases are charged to the proﬁt and loss account on a straight line basis over the life of the lease. d) Impairment of ﬁxed assets and investments Impairments of ﬁxed assets and investments are calculated as the difference between the carrying value of net assets of income generating units, including where appropriate investments and goodwill, and their recoverable amounts. Recoverable amount is deﬁned as the higher of net realisable value or estimated value in use at the date the impairment review is undertaken. Net realisable value represents the net amount that can be generated through sale of assets. Value in use represents the present value of expected future cash ﬂows discounted on a pre-tax basis, using the estimated cost of capital of the income generating unit. Impairment reviews are carried out if there is some indication that an impairment may have occurred, or, where otherwise required, to ensure that goodwill and ﬁxed assets are not carried above their estimated recoverable amounts. Impairments are recognised in the proﬁt and loss account and, where material, are disclosed as exceptional. e) Financial instruments The group has adopted FRS 25 and FRS 26 during the year. The accounting policy after 1 April 2005 is as follows: Debt instruments All loans and borrowings are initially recognised at cost, being the net fair value of the consideration received. After initial recognition, interest-bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Where a loan or borrowing is in a fair value hedging relationship it is remeasured for changes in fair value of the hedged risk at the balance sheet date with gains or losses being recognised in the income statement (see below). Gains and losses are recognised in the proﬁt and loss account when the liabilities are derecognised or impaired, as well as through the amortisation process. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 105 Company ﬁnancial statements Notes to the company ﬁnancial statements continued Derivative ﬁnancial instruments and hedging activities The group uses derivative ﬁnancial instruments such as cross currency swaps, forward currency contracts and interest rate swaps to hedge its risks associated with foreign currency and interest rate ﬂuctuations. Such derivative instruments are initially recorded at cost and subsequently remeasured at fair value for the reported balance sheet. The fair value of cross currency swaps, interest rate swaps and forward currency contracts is calculated by reference to market exchange rates and interest rates at the period end. In relation to fair value hedges which meet the conditions for hedge accounting, the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is taken to the proﬁt and loss account where the effective portion of the hedge will offset the gain or loss on the hedged item (see above). In relation to cash ﬂow hedges which meet the conditions for hedge accounting, the portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument that is determined to be an effective hedge is recognised directly in reserves, and the ineffective portion in the proﬁt and loss account. The gains or losses deferred in reserves in this way are recycled through the proﬁt and loss account in the same period in which the hedged underlying transaction or ﬁrm commitment is recognised in the proﬁt and loss account. For derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting, gains or losses are taken directly to the proﬁt and loss account in the period. Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires, is sold, terminated or exercised, or no longer qualiﬁes for hedge accounting. At that date any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in reserves is kept in reserves until the forecast transaction occurs, or transferred to the proﬁt and loss account if the forecast transaction is no longer expected to occur. Derivatives embedded in other ﬁnancial instruments or other host contracts are treated as separate derivatives when their risks and characteristics are not closely related to those of the host contract or the host contract is not carried at fair value with gains and losses reported in the proﬁt and loss account. The accounting policy prior to 1 April 2005 is as follows: Debt instruments The ﬁnancial costs of debt instruments are charged to the proﬁt and loss account over the term of the debt at a constant rate on the carrying amount. Such costs include the cost of issue and any discount to face value arising on issue, or any premium arising on maturity. Differences arising from the movement in exchange rates during the year on translation into sterling of the foreign currency borrowings and similar instruments used to ﬁnance long-term equity investments, are taken directly to reserves and reported in the statement of total recognised gains and losses. Derivative ﬁnancial instruments Financial instruments, in particular, interest rate swaps and to a lesser extent currency swaps, are used to manage the ﬁnancial risks arising from the business activities of the company and the ﬁnancing of those activities. There is no trading activity in ﬁnancial instruments. A review of how the ﬁnancial risks are managed is included in note 19 of the group ﬁnancial statements. Financial instruments are accounted for as follows: > interest rate swaps are used to hedge the company’s exposure to movements in interest rates. The interest payable or receivable on such swaps is accrued in the same way as interest arising on deposits or borrowings. Interest rate swaps are not revalued to fair value prior to maturity. > currency swaps are used to hedge foreign currency borrowings. The future currency exchange within such contracts is revalued to the rate of exchange at the balance sheet date. The interest coupon on such swaps is accrued in the same way as that on borrowings and deposits. f) Investments After initial recognition at cost (being the fair value of the consideration paid), investments which are classiﬁed as held for trading or available for sale are measured at fair value, with gains or losses recognised in income or equity respectively. When an available for sale investment is disposed of, or impaired, the gain or loss previously recognised in reserves is taken to the proﬁt and loss account. Other investments are classiﬁed as held to maturity when the group has the positive intention and ability to hold to maturity. Investments held for an undeﬁned period are excluded from this classiﬁcation. Such investments (and those held to maturity) are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, with any gains or losses being recognised in the proﬁt and loss account. Prior to 1 April 2005, the company held investments at historical cost less any provision for impairment. 106 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Company ﬁnancial statements g) Share-based payments The company operates a number of equity settled, share-based compensation plans for employees. The fair value of the employee services received in exchange for the grant is recognised as an expense over the vesting period of the grant. The fair value of employee services is determined by reference to the fair value of the awards granted calculated using a pricing model, excluding the impact of any non-market conditions. The number of awards expected to vest takes into account non-market vesting conditions including, where appropriate, continuing employment by the group. The charge is adjusted to reﬂect shares that do not vest as a result of failing to meet a non-market based condition. h) Cash ﬂow statement The company has taken advantage of the exemption under Financial Reporting Statement 1 ‘Cash ﬂow statements’ and not produced a cash ﬂow statement. i) Deferred taxation Deferred taxation is fully provided for in respect of timing differences between the treatment of certain items for taxation and accounting purposes only to the extent that the group has an obligation to pay more tax in the future or a right to pay less tax in the future. Deferred tax assets are only recognised to the extent that taxable proﬁts are expected to arise in the future. Material deferred taxation balances arising are discounted by applying an appropriate risk free discount rate. 2 Tangible ﬁxed assets Cost At 1 April 2005 and 31 March 2006 Depreciation At 1 April 2005 Charge for year At 31 March 2006 Net book value At 31 March 2006 At 31 March 2005 3 Investments At 1 April 2005 Additions/loans advanced Loans repaid Shares exchanged for loans Foreign exchange movement At 31 March 2006 Land and buildings £m Plant and equipment £m Total £m 6.7 2.1 – 2.1 4.6 4.6 6.2 12.9 4.5 0.5 5.0 1.2 1.7 6.6 0.5 7.1 5.8 6.3 Subsidiary undertakings Shares (restated) £m 1,021.1 2.9 – 267.5 – Loans (restated) £m 2,592.7 2,465.1 (2,422.2) (267.5) 10.9 Total (restated) £m 3,613.8 2,468.0 (2,422.2) – 10.9 1,291.5 2,379.0 3,670.5 Investments are held at historic cost as it is not possible to reliably estimate their fair value. Details of the principal subsidiaries of the company are given in note 40 of the group ﬁnancial statements. 4 Debtors Trade debtors Amounts owed by group undertakings Corporation tax receivable Deferred tax Other debtors Prepayments and accrued income Total debtors 2006 £m – 14.2 14.2 17.4 0.8 7.8 54.4 2005 (restated) £m – 77.5 – 2.2 3.5 0.8 84.0 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 107 Company ﬁnancial statements Notes to the company ﬁnancial statements continued 5 Creditors: amounts falling due within one year Bank overdrafts Other loans Borrowings Derivative ﬁnancial instruments Trade creditors Amounts due to group undertakings Other creditors Taxation and social security Corporation tax payable Dividends payable Accrued expenses 6 Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year Other loans Borrowings Derivative ﬁnancial instruments Other creditors 7 Employee Costs Wages and salaries Social security costs Pension costs Total employee costs 2006 £m 25.9 671.8 697.7 40.3 – 108.4 7.7 0.8 – – 18.6 873.5 2006 £m 244.5 244.5 11.7 13.7 269.9 2006 10.8 1.0 4.2 16.0 2005 (restated) £m 26.0 340.9 366.9 – 0.6 66.1 7.8 0.5 41.6 63.0 9.6 556.1 2005 £m 316.9 316.9 – 12.2 329.1 2005 8.5 1.7 5.4 15.6 For details of directors’ remuneration see pages 48 to 51. Auditors fees in respect of the company were £135,000 (2005: £105,000). For full details of the fees paid to the auditors by the group, see note 6 of the group ﬁnancial statements. 8 Employee numbers Average number of employees of the company (including executive directors) during the year (full time equivalent) was 88 (2005: 81). All were based in the United Kingdom. 108 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Company ﬁnancial statements 9 Financial instruments a) Borrowings analysed by currency and interest rate after taking account of various currency and interest rate swaps entered into by the group At 31 March 2006 Currency Sterling Euro Total borrowings at 31 March 2006 At 31 March 2005 Currency Sterling Euro US dollar Total borrowings at 31 March 2006 Fixed borrowings Weighted average interest rate % Weighted average period for which interest is ﬁxed Years 6.4 8.2 Fixed borrowings Weighted average interest rate % Weighted average period for which interest is ﬁxed Years 6.4 9.2 2006 Total £m 916.3 25.9 942.2 2005 Total £m 602.2 26.0 55.6 683.8 Floating interest rate £m 616.3 25.9 642.2 Floating interest rate £m 302.2 26.0 55.6 383.8 Fixed interest rate £m 300.0 300.0 Fixed interest rate £m 300.0 – – 300.0 Sterling ﬂoating rate borrowings bear interest based on LIBOR, whilst euro denominated borrowings bear interest based on EURIBOR and dollar borrowings bear interest based on US dollar LIBOR. b) Investments in interest earning assets analysed by currency after taking account of various currency swaps entered into by the group Currency Sterling deposits Cash at bank 2006 £m 40.0 330.2 370.2 2005 £m – 172.3 172.3 Investments in interest earning assets comprise short-term deposits placed on money markets and certiﬁcates of deposit with a maturity date not exceeding one year. Financial assets comprise £330.2 million of cash and £40.0 million of cash held on short term deposit. Sterling assets receive interest based on LIBID. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 109 Company ﬁnancial statements Notes to the company ﬁnancial statements continued c) Monetary assets and liabilities by currency, excluding the functional currency At 31 March 2006 Functional currency of operation Sterling At 31 March 2005 Functional currency of operation Sterling Net foreign currency monetary assets US dollar £m 1.9 Total £m 1.9 Net foreign currency monetary assets US dollar £m 1.2 Total £m 1.2 Net currency gains/(losses) arising from monetary assets/(liabilities) not in sterling are recognised in the proﬁt and loss account. d) Borrowings analysed by maturity date Loans repayable by instalments any of which are payable after ﬁve years £m – – – – – – Overdrafts £m 25.9 – – – – 25.9 Borrowings due within one year Borrowings due after one year: Between one and two years Between two and ﬁve years After more than ﬁve years Total borrowings due after one year Loans repayable partly or wholly after ﬁve years comprise: Euro Medium Term Notes Loans payable partly or wholly after ﬁve years are all at ﬂoating rates. e) Borrowing facilities The company has the following undrawn committed borrowing facilities available at 31 March 2006: Expiring within one year Expiring in more than one, but not more than two years Expiring in more than two, but not more than ﬁve years Other repayment terms £m 2006 Total £m 2005 Total £m 671.8 697.7 366.9 17.4 192.0 35.1 244.5 916.3 17.4 192.0 35.1 244.5 942.2 2006 £m 35.1 35.1 2006 £m – – 500.0 500.0 69.6 200.6 46.7 316.9 683.8 2005 £m 46.7 46.7 2005 £m – 200.0 500.0 700.0 In addition, the company also has overdraft facilities of £80.0 million (2005: £87.0 million), of which nil (2005: £56.8 million) remains undrawn at the year end. 110 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Company ﬁnancial statements f) Fair values of ﬁnancial instruments Financial instruments by category: Asset/(liability) Primary ﬁnancial instruments held or issued to ﬁnance the company’s operations Short-term deposits Cash at bank and in hand Borrowings falling due within one year Borrowings falling due after more than one year Derivative ﬁnancial instruments held to manage the currency and interest rate proﬁle Interest rate swaps and similar instruments Currency instrument – cross currency swaps Total net ﬁnancial liabilities Book value £m 2006 Fair value £m Book value £m 2005 Fair value £m 40.0 330.2 (697.7) (244.5) (15.9) (31.5) 40.0 330.2 (682.5) (262.8) (15.9) (31.5) – 172.3 (299.6) (360.8) – (23.4) – 172.3 (359.9) (312.1) (29.7) (26.1) (619.4) (622.5) (511.5) (555.5) Where available, market rates have been used to determine fair values. When market prices are not available, fair values have been calculated by discounting cash ﬂows at prevailing interest rates. Details of the company’s ﬁnancial risk policies are given in note 19i of the group ﬁnancial statements. 10 Borrowings Bank overdrafts Other loans Borrowings The borrowings are repayable as follows: On demand or within one year (included in creditors due in under one year) In the second year In the third to ﬁfth years inclusive After ﬁve years Included in creditors due after more than one year 2006 £m 25.9 916.3 942.2 2006 £m 697.7 17.4 192.0 35.1 244.5 942.2 2005 £m 26.0 657.8 683.8 2005 £m 366.9 69.6 200.6 46.7 316.9 683.8 The company’s borrowings are denominated in the following currencies after taking account of cross currency swaps the company has entered into: Sterling US dollar Euro The fair values of the company’s borrowings were: Bank overdrafts Other loans 2006 £m 916.3 – 25.9 942.2 2006 £m 25.9 919.4 945.3 2005 £m 602.2 55.6 26.0 683.8 2005 £m 26.0 646.0 672.0 Fair values are based on expected future cash ﬂows discounted using LIBOR forward interest rates related to the expected timing of payments. After taking into account interest and cross currency swaps, 32% of the company’s borrowings are at ﬁxed interest rates (2005: 44%). The remainder of the company’s debt is held at ﬂoating rate. Sterling debt bears interest at LIBOR, US dollar debt bears interest at US dollar LIBOR, whilst euro debt bears interest at EURIBOR. Fixed rate debt has a weighted average interest rate of 6.4% (2005: 6.4%) for a weighted average period of 8.2 years (2005: 9.2 years). Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 111 Company ﬁnancial statements Notes to the company ﬁnancial statements continued 11 Share capital Total authorised share capital 520,175,751 ordinary shares of 65 5⁄19p Totally issued and fully paid share capital 348,093,283 (2005: 346,002,393) ordinary shares of 65 5⁄19p At 1 April Employee share option schemes At 31 March 12 Share premium At 1 April Employee share option schemes At 31 March 2006 £m 2005 £m 339.5 339.5 227.2 225.8 225.8 1.4 227.2 2006 £m 38.4 10.2 48.6 225.2 0.6 225.8 2005 £m 33.5 4.9 38.4 Employee share schemes For details of employee share schemes and options granted over the shares of the company, see note 33 of the consolidated ﬁnancial statements. During the period the following LTIP awards, SIP awards and share options have been granted to company employees: LTIP awards Sharesave options Share Incentive Plan (SIP) Number 203,450 17,041 1,900 2006 Fair value £m 1.5 0.1 – Number 281,745 17,851 2,356 2005 Fair value £m 1.4 0.1 – Details of the calculation of the fair value of share awards is given in note 33 of the group ﬁnancial statements. The company has charged £1.1 million (2005: £1.0 million) to the proﬁt and loss account in respect of share based payments. 13 Other reserves Capital redemption reserve £m 156.1 156.1 – – – Hedging reserves £m – – (31.0) 9.3 (21.7) Total other reserves £m 156.1 156.1 (31.0) 9.3 (21.7) 156.1 (21.7) 134.4 – 3.2 3.2 156.1 (18.5) 137.6 At 1 April 2004 At 31 March 2005 FRS 26 transition Deferred tax on FRS 26 adjustments Change of accounting policy on adoption of FRS 26 At April 2005 Cash ﬂow hedges – Transfer to net proﬁt At 31 March 2006 112 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Company ﬁnancial statements 14 Reconciliation of shareholders’ equity At 1 April 2004 as previously stated Prior year adjustment for adoption of FRS 20 and FRS 21 At 1 April 2004 as restated for change in accounting policy Purchase of shares for ESOP trust Share options and LTIPs – proceeds from shares issued – value of employees’ services Net proﬁt for the year Dividends Deferred tax on share based payments At 31 March 2005 Share capital £m 225.2 – 225.2 – 0.6 – – – – Share premium £m 33.5 – 33.5 – 4.9 – – – – Other reserves £m 156.1 – 156.1 – – – – – – Equity attributable to the equity holders of Severn Trent Plc £m 2,895.8 104.0 2,999.8 (4.1) 5.5 4.9 147.8 (163.7) 1.0 Retained earnings £m 2,481,0 104.0 2,585.0 (4.1) – 4.9 147.8 (163.7) 1.0 225.8 38.4 156.1 2,570.9 2,991.2 FRS 26 transition Deferred tax on FRS 26 adjustments Change of accounting policy on adoption of FRS 26 – – – – – – (31.0) 9.3 (21.7) – – – (31.0) 9.3 (21.7) At April 2005 Cash ﬂow hedges – Transfers to net proﬁt Share options and LTIPs – proceeds from shares issued – value of employees’ services Net proﬁt for the year Dividends Deferred tax on items posted directly to equity At 31 March 2006 225.8 38.4 134.4 2,570.9 2,969.5 – 1.4 – – – – 227.2 – 3.2 – 3.2 10.2 – – – – 48.6 – – – – – – 4.1 145.4 (171.3) (0.4) 11.6 4.1 145.4 (171.3) (0.4) 137.6 2,548.7 2,962.1 The capital redemption reserve arose on the repurchase of B shares. This is not distributable. In previous years £1,221.2 million of the company’s retained proﬁt arose as a result of group restructuring exercises, and is not considered likely to be distributable. As permitted by Section 230 of the Companies Act 1985, no proﬁt or loss account is presented for the company. The company operates an Employee Share Ownership Trust (the Trust). The details of the operation of the Trust are given in note 32 of the group ﬁnancial statements. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 113 Company ﬁnancial statements Notes to the company ﬁnancial statements continued 15 Pensions The company operates a number of deﬁned beneﬁt schemes (being the Severn Trent Pension Scheme, the Severn Trent Water Mirror Image Pension Scheme and the Severn Trent Senior Staff Pension Scheme). In addition, the group operates an unfunded arrangement for certain employees whose earnings are above the pension cap. Further details regarding the operation of these schemes is given in note 28 of the group ﬁnancial statements. The company is currently unable to identify its share of the underlying assets and liabilities from the group’s deﬁned beneﬁt schemes, and hence it continues to account for the cost of contributions as if the scheme was a deﬁned contribution scheme. The pension charge for the year was £4.2 million (2005: £5.4 million). 16 Related party transactions The company has taken advantage of the exemption under FRS 8 and not disclosed details of transactions with other undertakings within Severn Trent group of companies. 17 Contingent liabilities a) Bonds and guarantees The company has entered into bonds and guarantees in the normal course of business. No liabilities are expected to arise in respect of either the bonds or guarantees. b) Bank offset arrangements The banking arrangements of the company operate on a pooled basis with certain of its subsidiaries undertakings. Under these arrangements participating companies guarantee each others’ overdrawn balances to the extent of their credit balances, which can be offset against balances of participating companies. 18 Post balance sheet events On 5 June 2006 the board of directors proposed a ﬁnal dividend of 31.97 pence per share. 19 Dividends For details of the dividends paid and proposed in 2005/06 and 2004/05 see note 12 in the group ﬁnancial statements. 114 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Five year summary of group ﬁnancial information Turnover Proﬁt before interest, goodwill amortisation and exceptional items Goodwill amortisation Proﬁt before interest and exceptional items Net exceptional items Net interest payable before fair value movements on treasury instruments Fair value movements on treasury instruments Results of associates and joint ventures Proﬁt on ordinary activities before taxation Current taxation on proﬁt on ordinary activities Deferred taxation Proﬁt on ordinary activities after taxation Net assets employed Fixed assets Other net liabilities excluding net debt, retirement beneﬁt obligation and provisions Financial instruments Retirement beneﬁt obligation Provisions for liabilities and charges and deferred tax Net assets held for sale Financed by Called up share capital Reserves Total shareholders’ funds Minority shareholders’ interests Net debt Statistics Earnings per share (continuing) Adjusted earnings per share (see note 13) Dividends per share Dividend cover (before exceptional items and before deferred tax) Gearing Ordinary share price at 31 March Average number of employees – Water and Sewerage – other Other information IFRS 2006 £m 2,295.0 488.2 – 488.2 (15.7) (167.9) (36.7) 2.1 270.0 (48.7) 6.0 227.3 IFRS 2005 £m 2,014.4 398.8 – 398.8 (2.3) (169.5) – 1.8 228.8 (37.9) (33.6) 157.3 UKGAAP 2004 (restated) £m 2,015.1 440.6 (29.8) 410.8 11.6 (168.0) – – 254.4 (33.3) (36.3) 184.8 UKGAAP 2003 UKGAAP 2002 £m £m 1,852.0 409.8 (25.2) 1,794.3 418.8 (26.5) 384.6 (40.8) (159.4) – – 184.4 (24.8) (59.5) 100.1 392.3 (17.0) (159.0) – – 216.3 (16.1) (42.3) 157.9 6,391.6 6,290.8 5,803.9 5,480.6 5,395.7 (212.2) (130.0) (221.9) (980.4) 13.0 (218.3) – (317.5) (1,010.9) – (266.7) – – (572.0) – (232.1) – – (523.1) – (208.2) – – (480.4) – 4,860.1 4,744.1 4,965.2 4,725.4 4,707.1 227.2 1,669.2 1,896.4 2.6 2,961.1 225.8 1,621.8 1,847.6 1.9 2,894.6 225.2 1,988.5 2,213.7 2.4 2,749.1 224.4 1,993.2 2,217.6 2.2 2,505.6 224.0 2,070.0 2,294.0 1.4 2,411.7 4,860.1 4,744.1 4,965.2 4,725.4 4,707.1 65.2p 77.2p 51.13 1.5 60.9% 1,117p 5,188 11,124 45.4p 53.3p 48.51p 1.2 61.0% 915p 5,106 11,268 53.5p 61.4p 47.04p 1.3 55.4% 761p 4,998 10,795 28.9p 58.1p 45.9p 1.3 53.0% 716p 4,780 9,867 45.9p 63.2p 45.9p 1.4 51.3% 738p 4,662 9,710 Following the implementation of UITF 38 – ‘Accounting for ESOP Trusts’, the 2004 balance sheet was restated to reﬂect shares held by the Severn Trent Employee Share Ownership Trust which have not vested unconditionally at the balance sheet date. Other prior year comparatives have not been restated in the above table. Gearing has been calculated as net debt divided by the sum of net equity and net debt. Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 115 Other information Information for shareholders Financial calendar and results announcements Annual General Meeting 25 July 2006, at 11.00am at the International Convention Centre, Broad Street, Birmingham B1 2EA Dividend payments in respect of the year ended 31 March 2006: Interim dividend – paid 25 January 2006 Proposed ﬁnal dividend – payable 2 August 2006 The results of the group will normally be published at the following times: Interim results for the six months to 30 September December Preliminary results for the year to 31 March Report and accounts for the year to 31 March June June Shareholder enquiries If you have a question about your shareholding in the company you should contact our registrars, Lloyds TSB Registrars, who are responsible for making dividend payments and updating the register of shareholders, including details of changes to addresses and names. You should also contact the registrars if you would like to have your dividends paid directly into your bank or building society account. The registrar’s contact details are: Telephone helpline: 0870 600 3967 E-mail: severntrent@lloydstsb-registrars.co.uk Lloyds TSB Registrars, The Causeway, Worthing, West Sussex, BN99 6DA Online communication Shareview, is operated by Lloyds TSB Registrars and gives you access to services over the internet that enable you to check details of your shareholding at any time. You can also elect to receive communications from the company electronically. You will receive an e-mail notiﬁcation when the Annual Report and Notice of Annual General Meeting become available on our website. You can register for both of these services at www.shareview.co.uk. Company information The company’s website at www.severntrent.com provides news and details of the company’s activities, latest results, information on the share price and links to our businesses’ websites. Analysis of shareholdings at 31 March 2006 Category Individual and joint accounts Other* Total Size of Holding 1-499 500-999 1,000-4,999 5,000-9,999 10,000-49,999 50,000-99,999 Over 100,000 Total Number of shareholders % of shareholders 81,631 6,292 92.84 7.16 Number of shares (millions) 42.37 305.72 % of shares 12.17 87.83 87,923 100.00 348.09 100.00 Number of shareholders % of shareholders 52,844 20,194 13,498 475 432 140 340 60.10 22.97 15.35 0.54 0.49 0.16 0.39 Number of shares (millions) 10.32 13.79 21.15 3.11 9.84 9.85 280.03 % of shares 2.97 3.96 6.08 0.89 2.82 2.83 80.45 87,923 100.00 348.09 100.00 *Includes insurance companies, nominee companies, banks, pension funds, other corporate bodies, limited and public limited companies Cautionary statement This document contains certain ‘forward looking statements’ with respect to Severn Trent’s ﬁnancial condition, results of operations and business and certain of Severn Trent’s plans and objectives with respect to these items. Forward looking statements are sometimes, but not always, identiﬁed by their use of a date in the future or such words as ‘anticipates’, ‘aims’, ‘due’, ‘could’, ‘may’, ‘should’, ‘expects’, ‘believes’, ‘intends’, ‘plans’, ‘targets’, ‘goal’ or ‘estimates’. By their very nature forward- looking statements are inherently unpredictable, speculative and involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to events and depend on circumstances that will occur in the future. There are a number of factors that could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, changes in the economies and markets in which the group operates; changes in the regulatory and competition frameworks in which the group operates; the impact of legal or other proceedings against or which affect the group; and changes in interest and exchange rates. All written or verbal forward looking statements, made in this document or made subsequently, which are attributable to Severn Trent or any other member of the group or persons acting on their behalf are expressly qualiﬁed in their entirety by the factors referred to above. Severn Trent does not intend to update these forward looking statements. This document is not an offer to sell, exchange or transfer any securities of Severn Trent Plc or any of its subsidiaries and is not soliciting an offer to purchase, exchange or transfer such securities in any jurisdiction. Securities may not be offered, sold or transferred in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from the registration requirements of the US Securities Act of 1933 (as amended). 116 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 Contents Quick read Governance 1 Financial highlights 30 Board of directors Group ﬁnancial highlights for 2005/06 Biographical details of the directors 2 At a glance 32 Directors’ report Overview and facts about our businesses Direction 4 Chairman’s statement Sir John Egan comments on Severn Trent’s results, performance and outlook and corporate responsibility 35 Corporate governance report Role of the board, board committees, internal control and risk management 40 Directors’ remuneration report Directors’ emoluments, pensions and service agreements 6 Group Chief Executive’s review Strategic overview, Biffa demerger and operational performance Group ﬁnancial statements 52 Independent auditors’ report 8 Business focuses 53 Consolidated income statement Focus, highlights and outlook for each of Severn Trent’s main businesses 54 Consolidated balance sheet Performance review 16 Water and Sewerage Performance information for Severn Trent Water in 2005/06, and progress on its Ofwat targets for 2005-10 55 Consolidated cash ﬂow statement 56 Consolidated statement of recognised income and expense 57 Notes to the group ﬁnancial statements 18 Waste Management Performance information for Biffa, a review of its market position and a summary of its Collection, Landﬁll, Special Waste and Power Generation activities Company ﬁnancial statements 102 Independent auditors’ report 103 Company balance sheet 20 Laboratories 104 Company statement of total recognised Performance information for STL in the US and UK and overviews of market conditions, outlook and the businesses’ market strategies gains and losses 105 Notes to the company ﬁnancial statements 21 Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services Other information Performance information for Water Puriﬁcation and Operating Services and an overview of its increasing presence in growth markets 115 Five year summary Comparisons on proﬁt and loss, net assets, dividends and share price 22 Other Businesses Performance information for Severn Trent’s systems and property businesses 116 Information for shareholders Financial calendar, shareholder analysis and company information 23 Corporate responsibility Overview of our corporate responsibility programme, business ethics, environmental impacts and health and safety 26 Financial review Overview of Severn Trent’s results, ﬁnancial position and cash ﬂows 2 Severn Trent Plc Annual Report and Accounts 2006 This document is printed by CTD Sage Print on Mohawk Options 100% PC. The paper is manufactured in accordance with FSC standards from 100% post-consumer recycled waste and is 100% process chlorine free. Only wind energy is used during the papermaking. Both the paper mill and printing involved in this production are environmentally accredited with ISO 14001. Designed and produced by Tayburn. Annual Report and Accounts 2006 A n n u a l R e p o r t a n d A c c o u n t s 2 0 0 6 S e v e r n T r e n t P l c Severn Trent Plc Registered ofﬁce: 2297 Coventry Road Birmingham B26 3PU Telephone: +44 (0)121 722 4000 www.severntrent.com Registered number: 2366619

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