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Sherritt International Corporation

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FY2023 Annual Report · Sherritt International Corporation
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2023 

 FINANCIAL RESULTS 

Sherritt International Corporation 

Message from Sherritt’s Chief Executive Officer

Sherritt’s legacy of resilience and innovation has long been our hallmark in overcoming adversity. The year 2023 presented us 
with unique challenges, including a significant operational setback at our ammonia plant due to unplanned maintenance and 
difficulties  implementing  the  new  mine  plan  at  the  Moa  JV.  Yet,  despite  these  setbacks,  our  timely  and  strategic  response, 
characterized by decisive and corrective actions, has set us on a path to not only preserve but also improve our business moving 
forward. With the proactive changes we have implemented and our continued focus to deliver on our strategic objectives, we 
look forward to delivering improved performance in the quarters and years ahead.  

Over the course of 2023, despite increasing overall demand, both nickel and cobalt markets became over supplied. The electric 
vehicle battery supply chain has become a new arena for geopolitical competition. Last year saw a significant increase in supply 
influenced  by  Chinese  interests,  growing  their  market  share  throughout  the  supply  chain  they  already  dominate.  With  the 
conversion of Class II nickel increasing the supply of intermediates suitable for electric vehicle markets and Class I London Metal 
Exchange inventories, nickel prices declined rapidly in the second half of the year.  

Despite these dark clouds, there remain reasons to be optimistic. In the near-term, forecasts for 2024 and 2025 point towards a 
supply to demand recovery driven by the stainless steel and battery sectors’ growth, coupled with near-term supply reduction. 
Over  the  long-term,  significant  demand  growth  is  still  expected  from  the  energy  transition  as  governments  and  auto 
manufacturers  implement  their  climate  change  and  fleet  electrification  strategies.  Supply  chains  in  the  electric  vehicle  value 
chain  are  continuing  to  form  and  new  regulations  are  being  introduced  and  clarified.  Legislation  such  as  the  U.S.  Inflation 
Reduction Act, which provides incentives for electric vehicles that meet sourcing requirements for critical materials, could lead 
to stronger regionalization and bifurcated markets based on geography and usage. These developments, and similar incentives 
by Canadian and European governments, could have a positive impact on pricing in certain markets, including those that Sherritt 
serves. We continue to monitor this closely. In the short-term, with recent announcements of nickel supply reductions from higher 
cost  operations  moving  to  care  and  maintenance,  strategic  reviews  and  the  uptake  of  new  sales  agreements  by  auto 
manufacturers, pricing support may have been found at current levels and is expected to increase in support of continued strong 
long term demand growth from the energy transition markets. 

Against the backdrop of lower nickel, cobalt and fertilizer prices, 2023 was an unacceptable year for our Metals business. Our 
priority is always the safety and wellbeing of our employees but sadly, there were tragic safety incidents at our Moa JV site 
during the year, two resulting in the loss of Victor Ramirez Figueredo and Disnier Mariño López. With our partner in Cuba, we 
conducted  a  rigorous  root  cause  analysis  and  review  of  the  site’s  fatality  prevention  measures.  This  led  to  the  initiation  of 
additional Safety Strategy sessions aimed at strengthening safety protocols across all operations, along with the implementation 
of additional actions and measures to bolster safety. We also faced several operational setbacks. At the Moa JV, we were unable 
to achieve the ore quality targets to meet our new mine planning parameters and needed to substitute to lower grade ore feed 
until we could access new mining areas, resulting in feed constraints to the refinery and ultimately negatively impacting finished 
production. At Sherritt’s fertilizer business, unplanned maintenance at the ammonia plant impacted operating margins and sales 
volumes.  With  our  partner  in  Cuba,  we  resolved  the  challenges  throughout  the  year,  but  with  the  significant  maintenance 
spending that was required, our costs were much higher than we initially expected and our production fell short. Needless to 
say, 2023 was a disappointing year in our Metals business.  

What gets overshadowed by the performance of last year is that we were successful in accomplishing a number of significant 
milestones. The successful completion of the first year of the Cobalt Swap agreement marked a breakthrough in the efforts to 
recover our outstanding Cuban receivables. Additionally, our Power business experienced remarkable growth, surpassing our 
guidance for electricity production that we had already increased during the year and delivered much needed additional electricity 
to Cuba during a critical time in electricity shortage while growing its profitability. Moreover, we made substantial progress at our 
Moa JV. We completed the technical report doubling the mine life and extending it beyond 2040. We completed phase one of 
the Moa JV’s expansion program under budget and ahead of schedule. We advanced phase two of the expansion which remains 
on track for commissioning and ramp up in 2025, while finding opportunities to defer some of the spending beyond 2024. We 
are looking forward to the full expansion being complete and realizing an increase in MSP production.  

An enhanced ESG profile and continued progression towards our climate change goals is a key strategic priority for Sherritt as 
current  and  evolving  metals  market  customers  prioritize  responsibly  sourced  inputs.  During  the  year,  we  advanced  several 
important  ESG  initiatives.  We  maintained  our  conformity  with  London  Metal  Exchange’s  Track  B  Responsible  Sourcing 
Requirements. We achieved ISO 45001 and ISO 14001 certification and continued to improve our Towards Sustainable Mining 
score at our Fort Site. We completed a Greenhouse Gas Emissions Baseline Assessment at Energas and initiated assessments 
at  the  Moa  mine  site  and  Fort  Site  and  our  team  completed  a  Task  Force  on  Climate-related  Disclosures-aligned  risk  and 
opportunity assessment for the Fort Site.  

Sherritt International Corporation 

1  

Looking ahead, we are continuing to seek opportunities to optimize our performance and manage near-term market conditions, 
ensuring our strategic goals remain a top priority. We made progress on this already, deferring capital, containing costs, reducing 
headcount  and,  with  the  support  of  our  partner,  optimizing  our  operating  plans.  We  made  improvements  to  our  business, 
restructuring  our  Technologies  group,  streamlining  our  Metals  division  and  changing  leadership  to  drive  operational 
improvements. Our 2024 guidance reflects the impact of our actions with expected notable decreases to our costs and improved 
production from our Metals division while maintaining our growth projects on schedule and budget. We see a strong year ahead 
from our Power business which is also expected to generate increased dividends to Sherritt.  

In closing, I extend my gratitude to our partner in Cuba for their efforts working with us to overcome the adversity we faced 
together  last  year,  our  investors  for  their  ongoing  support  and  patience  in  re-building  Sherritt,  and  the  communities  we  do 
business in for our social license to operate. Lastly, a heartfelt thank you is extended to our dedicated employees whose passion, 
exceptional skills, relentless commitment and confidence in the future of Sherritt have been pivotal in turning a corner and setting 
us firmly on a path to emerge stronger and more resilient. Sherritt is a world leader in the mining and refining of nickel and cobalt, 
and we are poised to shape a brighter future for both our company and the world we live in. 

Leon Binedell 

Chief Executive Officer 



 

FOURTH QUARTER AND FULL YEAR 2023 RESULTS AND SELECTED DEVELOPMENTS 

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•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Sherritt’s  share(1)  of  finished  nickel  and  cobalt  production  in  Q4  2023  at  the  Moa  Joint  Venture  (“Moa  JV”)  was
3,744 tonnes  and  330 tonnes,  respectively.  During  the  quarter,  Moa  mixed  sulphides  production  was  impacted  by
heavy rainfall which required processing lower grade and quality stockpiled material. Full year 2023 finished nickel and
cobalt  production  on  a  100%  basis  was  28,672 tonnes  and  2,876 tonnes,  respectively,  slightly  below  their  annual
guidance(2) ranges.

Net  direct  cash  cost  (“NDCC”)(3)  was  US$7.87/lb  in  Q4  2023.  Full  year  2023  NDCC(3)  of  US$7.22/lb  was  within
guidance(2).

Electricity production in Q4 2023 was 225 GWh. Full year 2023 production of 745 GWh exceeded guidance(2) due to
additional gas from the two gas wells that went into production during Q2 2023 and improved equipment availability.

Electricity unit operating cost(3) in Q4 2023 was $29.16/MWh. Full year 2023 unit operating costs(3) of $27.70/MWh was
within guidance(2).

Net loss from continuing operations of $53.4 million, or $(0.13) per share in Q4 2023 and $64.3 million, or $(0.16) per
share  for  the  full  year  2023,  was  primarily  impacted  by  delayed  nickel  sales,  lower  fertilizer  sales  volumes,  lower
average-realized  prices(3),  higher  maintenance  costs,  inventory  write-downs  and  an  increase  in  rehabilitation  and
closure costs related to legacy Oil and Gas assets.

Adjusted net loss from continuing operations(3), was $27.9 million or $(0.07) per share in Q4 2023 and $28.1 million or
$(0.07) per share for the full year 2023.

Adjusted EBITDA(3) in Q4 2023 was $(7.0) million and $46.2 million for full year 2023 and included $2.3 million and
$14.6 million in inventory write-downs in Q4 and the full year 2023, respectively.

Available liquidity in Canada as at December 31, 2023 was $63.0 million.

Completed the first year of the Cobalt Swap(4) which included receipt of 2,082 tonnes of cobalt from the Moa JV which
was  sold  by  Sherritt  realizing  cash  receipts  of $80.3 million,  a  cash  dividend  of  $64.0  million,  and  a  corresponding
reduction in the GNC receivable of $76.0 million.

Slurry Preparation Plant (“SPP”) construction was completed; commissioning and capacity testing is ongoing, and in
January 2024, the SPP began processing ore at design capacity. The overall timing and budget of phase two to reach
target levels of production remains unchanged and is on schedule for an expected end of year 2024 completion with
commissioning and ramp up in 2025.

(1)  References to “Sherritt’s Share” is consistent with the Corporation’s definition of reportable segments for financial statement purposes. Sherritt’s Share of “Metals” 
includes the Corporation’s 50% interest in the Moa JV, its 100% interest in the utility and fertilizer operations in Fort Saskatchewan (“Fort Site”) and its 100% 
interests in subsidiaries established to buy, market and sell certain of Moa JV’s nickel and cobalt production and the Corporation’s cobalt inventory received under
the Cobalt Swap agreement (“Metals Marketing”). Sherritt’s Share of Power includes the Corporation’s 33⅓% interest in Energas S.A. (“Energas”). References to
Technologies and Oil and Gas includes the Corporation’s 100% interest in these businesses. References to Fort Site directly is to the Corporation’s interest in its 
100% interest in the utility and fertilizer operations. 
“Guidance” refers to 2023 guidance as updated during the year and disclosed in the Corporation’s Management Discussion and Analysis for the three months and
year ended December 31, 2023 (“MD&A”); for additional information see the Outlook section starting on page 28. 

(2) 

(3)  Non-GAAP and other financial measures. In Q4 2023, Sherritt revised its definitions of Combined revenue, Adjusted net (loss) earnings from continuing operations
and Adjusted EBITDA to exclude the financial results of its Oil and Gas segment as the segment is not currently exploring for or producing oil and gas and its 
financial results relate to ancillary drilling services, provided to a customer and CUPET, and environmental rehabilitation costs for legacy assets, which are not 
reflective of the Corporation’s core operating activities or revenue/cash generation potential. Prior period measures have been restated for comparative purposes. 
For additional information, see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section of the MD&A starting on page 57. 
For additional information on the Cobalt Swap, see Note 12 – Advances, loans receivable and other financial assets of the consolidated financial statements for the
year ended December 31, 2023 starting on page 112. 

(4) 

2024 ANNUAL GUIDANCE 

Nickel and cobalt production are both expected to increase in 2024 compared to 2023 due to increased feed of mixed sulphides 
from the Moa mine site to the refinery as a result of access to additional ore sources to improve the blend of feed as well as 
increased  quality  and  feed  rates  following  the  ramp-up  of  the  SPP,  and  reduced  downtime  from  maintenance.  NDCC(1)  is 
expected  to  be  lower  in  2024  compared  to  2023  due  to  lower  expected  maintenance  activity,  cost  optimization,  and  higher 
expected production and sales, including increased fertilizer by-product sales.  

Electricity production is expected to be higher in 2024 compared to 2023 primarily due to the full year receipt of additional gas 
from  the  two  wells  that  went  into  production  in  Q2  2023.  Unit  operating  cost(1)  for  electricity  in  2024  reflects  higher  planned 
maintenance activities related to gas turbines, partly offset by the impact of higher electricity production and sales. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

3  

Production and costs: 

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•

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•

•

finished nickel production of 30,000 to 32,000 tonnes (100% basis);

finished cobalt production of 3,100 to 3,400 tonnes (100% basis);

NDCC(1) of US$5.50 to US$6.00 per pound of nickel sold;

electricity production of 775 to 825 GWh (33⅓

electricity unit operating cost(1) of $32.50 to $34.00 per MWh.

Spending on capital(1): 

•

•

•

sustaining: Metals (Moa JV 50% basis, Fort Site 100% basis) of $40.0 million;

sustaining: Power (33⅓

growth: Metals (Moa JV 50% basis) of $15.0 million.

(1)

Non-GAAP financial measures. For additional information see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section of the MD&A starting on page 57.

DEVELOPMENTS SUBSEQUENT TO THE QUARTER 

Subsequent to the quarter end: 

•

•

As announced  January 15, 2024, Sherritt implemented  an organization-wide restructuring and cost-cutting program
following a robust internal review conducted during the second half of 2023 to improve operational performance and
respond to current market conditions. The changes include:

o

o

o

o

consolidated  executive  oversight  over  operations  into  a  single  role  and  appointed  Elvin  Saruk  as  Chief
Operating Officer;

streamlined the Metals division to deliver value in the near-term while ensuring safe and effective operations;

restructured Technologies to a reduced scale in line with a narrower focus to deliver essential support and
enhancements  to  internal  operations  and  business  development  opportunities  to  expand  midstream
processing capacity of critical minerals for the electric vehicle supply chain; and

reduced the Corporation’s Canadian operations headcount by approximately 10%, with annualized employee
cost savings of $13.0 million expected to be realized.

Subsequent  to  the  filing  of  the  attached  MD&A,  the  Moa  JV  received  a  $20  million  prepayment  on  a  sales
agreement for nickel deliveries in 2024.



 

Q4 2023 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS 

$ millions, except per share amount 

For the three months ended
2022
December 31

2023
December 31

2023
Change  December 31

For the year ended
2022
December 31

$

Revenue 
Combined revenue(1) 
(Loss) earnings from operations and joint venture 
Net (loss) earnings from continuing operations 
Net (loss) earnings for the period 
Adjusted EBITDA(1) 
Adjusted net (loss) earnings from continuing operations 
Net (loss) earnings from continuing operations ($ per share) 
Adjusted net (loss) earnings from continuing operations 
($ per share) 

Cash (used) provided by continuing operations for operating 
activities 
Combined free cash flow(1) 
Average exchange rate (CAD/US$) 

$

34.8 
140.5 
(43.4)
(53.4)
(53.4)
(7.0)
(27.9)
(0.13)

48.6 
234.6 
(0.1)
(7.3)
(7.0)
35.5 
8.4 
(0.02)

(28%) $
(40%)
nm(2)
(632%)
(663%)
(120%)
(432%)
(550%)

$

223.3 
652.9 
(43.4)
(64.3)
(64.6)
46.2 
(28.1)
(0.16)

178.8 
834.7 
118.7 
63.7 
63.5 
233.1 
112.7 
0.16 

Change 

25%
(22%)
(137%)
(201%)
(202%)
(80%)
(125%)
(200%)

(0.07)

0.02 

(450%)

(0.07)

0.28 

(125%)

(18.1)
(39.1)
1.362 

40.3 
43.2 
1.358 

(145%)
(191%)
-

28.2 
(15.9)
1.350

90.3 
65.1 
1.301 

(69%)
(124%)
4%

(1)  Non-GAAP financial measures. For additional information see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section of the MD&A starting on page 57.

(2) 

nm = not meaningful

$ millions, as at 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Canada 
Cuba(1) 
Other 

Loans and borrowings 

2023

2022 

December 31

December 31

Change 

$

21.5  $
96.3 
1.3 
119.1 

355.6 

20.3 
101.7 
1.9 
123.9 

350.9 

6%
(5%)
(32%)
(4%)

1%

The Corporation's share of cash and cash equivalents in the Moa Joint Venture, 
not included in the above balances: 

$

5.9  $

21.8 

(73%)

(1) 

As at December 31, 2023, $93.9 million of the Corporation’s cash and cash equivalents was held by Energas (December 31, 2022 - $96.7 million).

Sherritt International Corporation 

5  

Management’s discussion and analysis 

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION 
AND ANALYSIS 

For the year ended December 31, 2023 

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) is intended to help the reader understand Sherritt International 
Corporation’s operations, financial performance and the present and future business environment. This MD&A, which 
has been prepared as of February 7, 2024, should be read in conjunction with Sherritt’s audited consolidated financial 
statements for the year ended December 31, 2023. Additional information related to the Corporation, including the 
Corporation’s Annual Information Form, is available on SEDAR at www.sedarplus.ca or on the Corporation’s website 
at www.sherritt.com. 

References to “Sherritt” or the “Corporation” refer to Sherritt International Corporation and its share of consolidated 
subsidiaries, joint operations, joint ventures and associate, unless the context indicates otherwise. All amounts are in 
Canadian dollars unless otherwise indicated. References to “US$” are to United States (“U.S.”) dollars and to “€” are 
to euro. 

Securities  regulators  allow  companies  to  disclose  forward-looking  information  to  help  investors  understand  a 
company’s  future  prospects.  This  MD&A  contains  statements  about  Sherritt’s  future  financial  condition,  results  of 
operations and business. See the end of this report for more information on forward-looking statements. 

Overview of the business 
Strategic priorities 
Highlights 
Financial results 
Consolidated financial position 
Significant factors influencing operations 
Review of operations 

Metals 
Power 
Technologies 
Corporate 
Environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) 

Outlook 
Liquidity 

 Sources and uses of cash 
 Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to change in 
     cash and cash equivalents 

Capital resources 

  Capital risk management 
Contractual obligations and commitments 
  Second Lien Notes 
PIK Notes 
Credit Facility 
Guarantees 
  Capital structure 
  Common shares 

Managing risk  
Critical accounting estimates and judgments 
Accounting pronouncements 
Summary of quarterly results 
Three-year trend analysis 
Off-balance sheet arrangements 
Transactions with related parties 
Controls and procedures 
Supplementary information 
Sensitivity analysis 
 Investment in Moa Joint Venture 
Non-GAAP and other financial measures 
Forward-looking statements 



 

7 
10 
11 
13 
16 
17 
19 
19 
25 
26 
27 
27 
28 
30 
31 

32 
33 
33 
33
34 
34
35 
36 
36 
37 
37 
47 
49 
51 
52 
52 
53 
54 
54 
54 
55 
57 
69 

Overview of the business 

Sherritt is a world leader in using hydrometallurgical processes to mine and refine nickel and cobalt – metals deemed critical for 
the energy transition. Sherritt’s Moa Joint Venture has a current estimated mine life of 25 years and has embarked on an expansion 
program focused on increasing annual mixed sulphide precipitate production by 20% or 6,500 tonnes of contained nickel and 
cobalt (100% basis). The Corporation’s Power division, through its ownership in Energas S.A., is the largest independent energy 
producer in Cuba with installed electrical generating capacity of 506 MW, representing approximately 10% of the national electrical 
generating capacity in Cuba. The Energas facilities are comprised of two combined cycle plants that produce low-cost electricity 
from  one  of  the  lowest  carbon  emitting  sources  of  power  in  Cuba.  Sherritt’s  common  shares  are  listed  on  the  Toronto  Stock 
Exchange under the symbol “S”. 

Sherritt International

Metals

Power

Technologies

Oil and Gas

Corporate 
(Head Office)

METALS 

Moa Joint Venture 

Sherritt is an industry leader in the mining, hydrometallurgical processing and refining of nickel and cobalt from lateritic ore bodies. 
Sherritt has a 50/50 partnership with General Nickel Company S.A. (“GNC”) of Cuba (the “Moa Joint Venture” or the “Moa JV”).  

The Moa JV is a vertically integrated joint venture that mines, processes and refines nickel and cobalt for sale worldwide (except 
in  the  United  States).  The  joint  venture  has  an  open  pit  lateritic  ore  mine  and  processing  facility  in  Moa,  Cuba  where  ore  is 
processed into mixed sulphide precipitate (“MSP”) containing nickel and cobalt. The MSP is transported to its refining facilities in 
Fort Saskatchewan, Alberta, Canada. The resulting nickel and cobalt products are sold to various markets, primarily in Europe 
and Asia. The Moa JV filed an updated National Instrument 43-101 Technical Report on March 31, 2023.  

The refinery facilities in Fort Saskatchewan have an annual combined production capacity of approximately 38,200 tonnes (100% 
basis) of nickel and cobalt. 

The Moa JV has a current estimated mine life of 25 years and has embarked on an expansion program focused on increasing 
annual MSP production by 20% of current production or 6,500 tonnes of contained nickel and cobalt (100% basis). This program 
capitalizes on the growing demand for high purity nickel and cobalt being driven by the accelerated adoption of electric vehicles 
and builds on the 29-year successful track record of the Moa Joint Venture.  

Fort Site 

Sherritt has a wholly-owned fertilizer business in Fort Saskatchewan (“Fort Site”) that provides inputs (ammonia, sulphuric acid 
and utilities) for the Moa Joint Venture’s metals refinery, produces agriculture fertilizer for sale in Western Canada and provides 
fertilizer storage and administrative facilities. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

7   

 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Metals Marketing 

The Corporation’s Metals Marketing division includes its 100% interest in subsidiaries established to buy, market and sell certain 
of Moa JV’s nickel and cobalt production and the Corporation’s cobalt inventory received under the Cobalt Swap(1) agreement. 

POWER 

Sherritt’s power generating assets are located in Cuba at Varadero, Boca de Jaruco and Puerto Escondido. These assets are 
held by Sherritt through its one-third interest in Energas S.A. (“Energas”), which is a Cuban joint venture established to process 
raw natural gas and generate electricity for sale to the Cuban national electrical grid. Cuban government agencies Unión Eléctrica 
(“UNE”)  and  Unión  Cubapetróleo  (“CUPET”)  hold  the  remaining  two-thirds  interest  in  Energas.  In  2022,  Cuba’s  Executive 
Committee of the Council of Ministers approved the twenty-year extension of the Energas Joint Venture contract with the Cuban 
government to March 2043.  

Raw natural gas is supplied free of charge to Energas by CUPET. The processing of raw natural gas produces clean natural gas, 
used to generate electricity, as well as by-products such as condensate and liquefied petroleum gas. All of Energas’ electrical 
generation is purchased by UNE under long-term fixed-price contracts while the by-products are purchased by other agencies of 
the Cuban government. Sherritt provided the financing for the construction of the Energas facilities and was being repaid from the 
cash flows generated by the facilities. Sherritt and its Cuban partners entered the Cobalt Swap agreements in 2022 whereby GNC 
assumed the liabilities of Energas to repay the construction financing by way of cash and cobalt dividends generated by the Moa 
JV commencing in 2023. The Cobalt Swap effectively advanced the repayment of and transferred the construction financing into 
a new financial instrument to be repaid over a five-year term from 2023 through 2027. 

The  Energas  facilities  are  comprised  of  two  combined  cycle  plants  at  Varadero  and  Boca  de  Jaruco  that  produce  low-cost 
electricity from one of the lowest carbon emitting sources of power in Cuba using steam generated from the waste heat captured 
from the gas turbines. Energas’ installed electrical generating capacity is 506 MW, representing approximately 10% of the national 
electrical generating capacity in Cuba in 2023. 

TECHNOLOGIES 

Sherritt’s wholly-owned Technologies group (“Technologies”) is a recognized world leader and pioneer in the development and 
application of pressure hydrometallurgy for the mining industry, a respected provider of technical services and incubator of industry 
solutions that increase profitability, improve sustainability, and lessen energy intensity. Technologies provides essential technical 
support, process optimization and technology development services to improve operations and support growth initiatives at the 
Moa  Joint  Venture  and  the  Fort  Site  operations.  Technologies  is  also  a  key  differentiator  and  enabler  of  Sherritt’s  business 
development efforts primarily focused on near-term partnerships and development opportunities to expand midstream processing 
capacity of critical minerals for the electric vehicle supply chain. Similarly, it provides technical services and innovative process 
solutions to third-party metals producers for consulting fees or for economic interest in projects aligned with Sherritt’s strategies.  

OIL AND GAS 

Oil and Gas is not currently producing or exploring for oil and gas in Cuba and its financial results relate to ancillary drilling services, 
provided  to  a  customer  and  CUPET,  and  environmental  rehabilitation  costs  for  legacy  assets  in  Spain,  which  are  non-core 
operating activities of the Corporation. The wells drilled for CUPET provide gas to Energas for power generation. 

Sherritt currently has an interest in two production-sharing contracts (“PSCs”), each in the exploration phase, and has continued 
its efforts to seek an earn-in partner to develop the exploration blocks or to otherwise extract value from Sherritt’s interests and 
expertise in oil and gas in Cuba. 

CORPORATE 

Corporate provides overall management of the Corporation’s joint operations and subsidiaries and general corporate activities 
related  to  public  companies,  including  business  and  market  development,  management  of  cash,  publicly-traded  debt  and 
government relations.   

(1) 

For additional information on the Cobalt Swap, see Note 12 – Advances, loans receivable and other financial assets of the consolidated financial statements for the 
year ended December 31, 2023. 



 

 
 
 
 
ACCOUNTING PRESENTATION 

Sherritt manages its metals, power, technologies and oil and gas operations through different legal structures including 100%-
owned subsidiaries, joint arrangements and production-sharing contracts. With the exception of the Moa Joint Venture, which 
Sherritt operates jointly with its partner, Sherritt is the operator of these assets. The relationship for accounting purposes that 
Sherritt has with these operations and the economic interest recognized in the Corporation’s financial statements are as follows:  

Relationship for 
accounting purposes 

Interest 

Basis of  
accounting 

Metals - Moa Joint Venture (Moa JV) 

Metals - Metals Marketing 

Power 

Oil and Gas 

Joint venture 

Subsidiaries 

Joint operation 

50% 

100% 

33⅓% 

Equity method 

Consolidation 

Share of assets, liabilities 
revenues and expenses 

Subsidiaries 

100% 

Consolidation 

For financial statement purposes, the Fort Site, Technologies and Corporate operations (defined below) are a part of Sherritt 
International Corporation, the parent company, and are not separate legal entities. The Moa JV is accounted for using the equity 
method of accounting which recognizes the Corporation’s share of earnings (loss) of Moa Joint Venture and its net assets as 
the Corporation’s investment in Moa Joint Venture. The Financial results and Review of operations sections in this MD&A present 
amounts by reportable segment, based on the Corporation’s economic interest. 

The Corporation’s reportable segments are as follows: 

Metals: Includes the Corporation’s: 

Moa JV: 

Fort Site: 

50% interest in the Moa JV; 

100% interest in the utility and fertilizer operations in Fort Saskatchewan; 

Metals Marketing: 

100%  interests  in  subsidiaries  established  to  buy,  market  and  sell  Moa  JV’s  nickel  and  cobalt 
production and the Corporation’s cobalt inventory received under the Cobalt Swap agreement. 

Power:   Includes the Corporation’s 33⅓% interest in Energas S.A. (Energas). 

Technologies: Includes the Corporation’s 100% interest in its Technologies business.  

Oil and Gas: Includes the Corporation’s 100% interest in its Oil and Gas business. 

Corporate: Head office, joint-venture management, business and market development. 

Operating and financial results presented in this MD&A for reportable segments can be reconciled to note 5 of the consolidated 
financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023. 

NON-GAAP AND OTHER FINANCIAL MEASURES 

Management uses the following non-GAAP and other financial measures in this MD&A and other documents: combined revenue, 
adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“adjusted EBITDA”), average-realized price, unit operating 
cost/net  direct  cash  cost  (“NDCC”),  adjusted  net  earnings/loss  from  continuing  operations,  adjusted  net  earnings/loss  from 
continuing  operations  per  share,  combined  spending  on  capital,  combined  cash  provided  (used)  by  continuing  operations  for 
operating activities and combined free cash flow. 

Management uses these measures to monitor the financial performance of the Corporation and its operating divisions and believes 
these measures enable investors and analysts to compare the Corporation’s financial performance with its competitors and/or 
evaluate the results of its underlying business. These measures are intended to provide additional information, not to replace 
International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) measures, and do not have a standard definition under IFRS and should not 
be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with IFRS. As these measures 
do not have a standardized meaning, they may not be comparable to similar measures provided by other companies. Further 
information on the composition and usefulness of each non-GAAP and other financial measure, including reconciliation to their 
most directly comparable IFRS measures, is included in the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section starting on page 57. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

9   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Strategic priorities 

The table below lists Sherritt’s Strategic Priorities for 2023 and summarizes how the Corporation has performed against those 
priorities. 

Strategic Priorities 

Selected Actions 

Status to end of 2023 

ESTABLISH SHERRITT AS A 
LEADING GREEN METALS 
PRODUCER 

Execute on plans to expand Moa JV 
mixed sulphide precipitate intermediate 
production by 20% or 6,500 tonnes of 
contained metals annually. 

The Slurry Preparation Plant (“SPP”) has commenced ramp up with 
ore feed to the plant commencing in January 2024. The overall timing 
and budget of phase two to reach target levels of production remains 
unchanged  and  is  on  schedule  for  an  expected  end  of  year  2024 
completion with commissioning and ramp up in 2025. 

Complete and file NI 43-101 Technical 
Report. 

Filed  Technical  Report  for  the  Moa  JV  in  Q1  which  indicates  that 
current reserves estimates are sufficient to extend the life of mine 14 
years  to  2048,  including  a  110%  increase  in  Proven  and  Probable 
reserves for nickel. 

Rank in lowest quartile of HPAL nickel 
producers for NDCC(1). 

Full year 2023 NDCC(1) of US$7.22/lb ranked Sherritt in the third cost 
quartile for HPAL nickel producers and all nickel producers.(2) 

LEVERAGE TECHNOLOGIES 
FOR TRANSFORMATIONAL 
GROWTH

Support Moa JV expansion, operational 
improvements, ECOG(3) implementation 
and life of mine extension, and marketing 
initiatives. 

Advance Technologies solutions toward 
commercialization with external 
partnerships and funding. 

ACHIEVE BALANCE SHEET 
STRENGTH 

Effectively leverage collections on the 
Cobalt Swap agreement. 

Maximize available liquidity to support 
growth strategy. 

Improved metals and fertilizer production, reduced maintenance and 
improved commodity prices will positively impact NDCC(1). 

Continued to support the implementation of revised mine plan based 
on  ECOG  methodology,  improve  mining  practices  and  capabilities 
test  work  and  provide  support 
for  on-going  process  plant 
improvements  and  debottlenecking  work  at  Moa  and  the  Fort  Site 
locations. 

Completed the continuous pilot test of the on-going mixed hydroxide 
precipitate  (“MHP”)  test  program,  which  is  supported  by  a  funding 
commitment from Natural Resources Canada (“NRCan”), as part of 
Sherritt’s  strategic  objective  for  expanding  midstream  processing 
capacity.  

Advanced venture analysis, flowsheet enhancements and batch test 
work  on  next-generation  laterite  (“NGL”)  processing  technology  to 
support discussions with external parties. 

Received the total maximum cobalt amount of 2,082 tonnes of cobalt 
with an  in-kind  value  of  US$65.5  million  ($88.1  million)  and  a  cash 
top-up payment of US$48.5 million ($64 million) for a total of US$114 
million ($152.1 million) under the Cobalt Swap agreement to complete 
GNC’s first year obligations.  

Amended  the  syndicated  revolving-term  credit  facility  to  extend  its 
maturity  to  April  30,  2025  and  added  provisions  to  allow  for  an 
increase in the credit limit. 

Signed  a  new  parent  company  guarantee  valid  until  December  31, 
2027 as security for environmental rehabilitation obligations held by 
the  Corporation’s  Spanish  Oil  and  Gas  operations,  thereby  not 
impacting available liquidity. 

BE RECOGNIZED AS A 
SUSTAINABLE 
ORGANIZATION 

Deliver on actions identified in the 
Sustainability Report.  

Released 2022 Sustainability Reports. Monitoring progress towards 
targets and key activities. 

Achieve year-over-year ESG 
improvements including reduction of 
carbon intensity. 

Completed a baseline GHG and climate-change data collection and 
risk  and  opportunity  assessment  at  Energas  and  advanced 
assessments at the Moa JV and Fort Site. Studies are expected to be 
completed in early 2024. 

MAXIMIZE VALUE FROM 
CUBAN ENERGY 
BUSINESSES 

Access additional gas supply to increase 
electrical power generation. 

Power  began  receiving  gas  from  two  new  wells  in  Q2  2023  and 
Energas  is  using  the  additional  gas  for  increased  electricity 
production.   

(2)  Non-GAAP and other financial measures. For additional information, see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section.  
(3)  Wood Mackenzie, Nickel Industry Costs Operation 2024. 

(4) 

ECOG = Economic cut off grade. 

  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Highlights 

FOURTH QUARTER AND FULL YEAR 2023 RESULTS AND SELECTED DEVELOPMENTS  

•  Sherritt’s  share(1)  of  finished  nickel  and  cobalt  production  in  Q4  2023  at  the  Moa  Joint  Venture  (“Moa  JV”)  was 
3,744 tonnes  and  330 tonnes,  respectively.  During  the  quarter,  Moa  mixed  sulphides  production  was  impacted  by 
heavy rainfall which required processing lower grade and quality stockpiled material. Full year 2023 finished nickel and 
cobalt  production  on  a  100%  basis  was  28,672 tonnes  and  2,876 tonnes,  respectively,  slightly  below  their  annual 
guidance(2) ranges. 

•  Net  direct  cash  cost  (“NDCC”)(3)  was  US$7.87/lb  in  Q4  2023.  Full  year  2023  NDCC(3)  of  US$7.22/lb  was  within 

guidance(2). 

•  Electricity production in Q4 2023 was 225 GWh. Full year 2023 production of 745 GWh exceeded guidance(2) due to 
additional gas from the two gas wells that went into production during Q2 2023 and improved equipment availability. 

•  Electricity unit operating cost(3) in Q4 2023 was $29.16/MWh. Full year 2023 unit operating costs(3) of $27.70/MWh was 

within guidance(2).  

•  Net loss from continuing operations of $53.4 million, or $(0.13) per share in Q4 2023 and $64.3 million, or $(0.16) per 
share  for  the  full  year  2023,  was  primarily  impacted  by  delayed  nickel  sales,  lower  fertilizer  sales  volumes,  lower 
average-realized  prices(3),  higher  maintenance  costs,  inventory  write-downs  and  an  increase  in  rehabilitation  and 
closure costs related to legacy Oil and Gas assets. 

•  Adjusted net loss from continuing operations(3), was $27.9 million or $(0.07) per share in Q4 2023 and $28.1 million or 

$(0.07) per share for the full year 2023. 

•  Adjusted EBITDA(3) in Q4 2023 was $(7.0) million and $46.2 million for full year 2023 and included $2.3 million and 

$14.6 million in inventory write-downs in Q4 and the full year 2023, respectively.  

•  Available liquidity in Canada as at December 31, 2023 was $63.0 million. 

•  Completed the first year of the Cobalt Swap(4) which included receipt of 2,082 tonnes of cobalt from the Moa JV which 
was  sold  by  Sherritt  realizing  cash  receipts  of $80.3 million,  a  cash  dividend  of  $64.0  million,  and  a  corresponding 
reduction in the GNC receivable of $76.0 million. 

•  Slurry Preparation Plant (“SPP”) construction was completed; commissioning and capacity testing is ongoing, and in 
January 2024, the SPP began processing ore at design capacity. The overall timing and budget of phase two to reach 
target levels of production remains unchanged and is on schedule for an expected end of year 2024 completion with 
commissioning and ramp up in 2025. 

(1)  References to “Sherritt’s Share” is consistent with the Corporation’s definition of reportable segments for financial statement purposes. Sherritt’s Share of “Metals” 
includes the Corporation’s 50% interest in the Moa JV, its 100% interest in the utility and fertilizer operations in Fort Saskatchewan (“Fort Site”) and its 100% interests 
in subsidiaries established to buy, market and sell certain of Moa JV’s nickel and cobalt production and the Corporation’s cobalt inventory received under the Cobalt 
Swap agreement (“Metals Marketing”). Sherritt’s Share of Power includes the Corporation’s 33⅓% interest in Energas S.A. (“Energas”). References to Technologies 
and Oil and Gas includes the Corporation’s 100% interest in these businesses. References to Fort Site directly is to the Corporation’s interest in its 100% interest in 
the utility and fertilizer operations. 
“Guidance”  refers  to  2023  guidance  as  most  recently  disclosed  in  the  Corporation’s  Management  Discussion  and  Analysis  for  the  three  and  nine  months  ended 
September 30, 2023; for additional information see the Outlook section. 

(2) 

(3)  Non-GAAP and other financial measures. In Q4 2023, Sherritt revised its definitions of Combined revenue, Adjusted net (loss) earnings from continuing operations 
and Adjusted EBITDA to exclude the financial results of its Oil and Gas segment as the segment is not currently exploring for or producing oil and gas and its financial 
results relate to ancillary drilling services, provided to a customer and CUPET, and environmental rehabilitation costs for legacy assets, which are not reflective of the 
Corporation’s  core  operating  activities  or  revenue/cash  generation  potential.  Prior  period  measures  have  been  restated  for  comparative  purposes.  For  additional 
information, see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section. 
For additional information on the Cobalt Swap, see Note 12 – Advances, loans receivable and other financial assets of the consolidated financial statements for the 
year ended December 31, 2023. 

(4) 

Sherritt International Corporation 

11   

 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

2024 ANNUAL GUIDANCE 

Nickel and cobalt production are both expected to increase in 2024 compared to 2023 due to increased feed of mixed sulphides 
from the Moa mine site to the refinery as a result of access to additional ore sources to improve the blend of feed as well as 
increased  quality  and  feed  rates  following  the  ramp-up  of  the  SPP,  and  reduced  downtime  from  maintenance.  NDCC(1)  is 
expected  to  be  lower  in  2024  compared  to  2023  due  to  lower  expected  maintenance  activity,  cost  optimization,  and  higher 
expected production and sales, including increased fertilizer by-product sales.  

Electricity production is expected to be higher in 2024 compared to 2023 primarily due to the full year receipt of additional gas 
from  the  two  wells  that  went  into  production  in  Q2  2023.  Unit  operating  cost(1)  for  electricity  in  2024  reflects  higher  planned 
maintenance activities related to gas turbines, partly offset by the impact of higher electricity production and sales. 

Production and costs: 

•

•

•

•

•

finished nickel production of 30,000 to 32,000 tonnes (100% basis);

finished cobalt production of 3,100 to 3,400 tonnes (100% basis);

NDCC(1) of US$5.50 to US$6.00 per pound of nickel sold;

electricity production of 775 to 825 GWh (33⅓

electricity unit operating cost(1) of $32.50 to $34.00 per MWh.

Spending on capital(1): 

•

•

•

sustaining: Metals (Moa JV 50% basis, Fort Site 100% basis) of $40.0 million;

sustaining: Power (33⅓

growth: Metals (Moa JV 50% basis) of $15.0 million.

(1)  Non-GAAP and other financial measures. For additional information, see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section. 

DEVELOPMENTS SUBSEQUENT TO THE QUARTER 

Subsequent to the quarter end: 

•

•

•

As announced January 15, 2024, Sherritt implemented  an organization-wide restructuring and cost-cutting program
following a robust internal review conducted during the second half of 2023 to improve operational performance and
respond to current market conditions. The changes include:

o

o

o

o

consolidated  executive  oversight  over  operations  into  a  single  role  and  appointed  Elvin  Saruk  as  Chief
Operating Officer;

streamlined the Metals division to deliver value in the near-term while ensuring safe and effective operations;

restructured Technologies to a reduced scale in line with a narrower focus to deliver essential support and
enhancements  to  internal  operations  and  business  development  opportunities  to  expand  midstream
processing capacity of critical minerals for the electric vehicle supply chain; and

reduced the Corporation’s Canadian operations headcount by approximately 10%, with annualized employee
cost savings of $13.0 million expected to be realized.

The  Moa  JV  signed  a  sales  agreement  for  nickel  deliveries  in  2024  with  a  $20  million  prepayment  expected  to  be
received in early February, improving available liquidity.

As a result of lower realized commodity prices and lower nickel sales volumes over the second half of 2023, coupled
with an expected lower pricing environment in the near term, Sherritt continued its prudent approach to managing its
liquidity and elected not to pay cash interest due in January 2024 of $3.4 million and added the payment-in-kind interest
to the principal amount owed to noteholders on its 10.75% unsecured PIK option notes (“PIK notes”).

  

Financial results 

$ millions, except as otherwise noted 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS 
Revenue 
Combined revenue(1) 
(Loss) earnings from operations and joint venture 
Net (loss) earnings from continuing operations 
Earnings (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax 
Net (loss) earnings for the period 
Adjusted net (loss) earnings from continuing operations(1) 
Adjusted EBITDA(1) 

Net (loss) earnings from continuing operations ($ per share) 
    (basic and diluted) 
Net (loss) earnings ($ per share) 
    (basic and diluted) 
Adjusted net (loss) earnings from continuing operations(1) 
   ($ per share) 

CASH 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Cash (used) provided by continuing operations for 
    operating activities 
Combined free cash flow(1)  
Distributions received from Moa Joint Venture 
    Proceeds from Cobalt Swap - Sherritt share 
    Proceeds from Cobalt Swap - GNC redirected share 
    Cash distributions - Cobalt Swap 
    Cash distributions - normal course 

OPERATIONAL DATA 

For the three months ended 
2022 
December 31

2023
December 31

2023
Change  December 31

For the year ended
2022
December 31

$

$

34.8 
140.5 
(43.4)
(53.4)
- 
(53.4)
(27.9)
(7.0)

48.6 
234.6 
(0.1)
(7.3)
0.3 
(7.0)
8.4 
35.5 

(28%) $
(40%)
nm(2)
(632%)
(100%)
(663%)
(432%)
(120%)

$

223.3 
652.9 
(43.4)
(64.3)
(0.3)
(64.6)
(28.1)
46.2 

178.8 
834.7 
118.7 
63.7 
(0.2)
63.5 
112.7 
233.1 

Change 

25%
(22%)
(137%)
(201%)
(50%)
(202%)
(125%)
(80%)

$

(0.13) $

(0.02)

(550%) $

(0.16) $

0.16 

(200%)

(0.13)

(0.07)

(0.02)

(550%)

0.02 

(450%)

(0.16)

(0.07)

0.16 

(200%)

0.28 

(125%)

$

119.1 

$

123.9 

(4%) $

119.1 

$

123.9 

(4%)

(18.1)
(39.1)

1.3 
1.3 
- 
- 

40.3 
43.2 

- 
- 
- 
57.2 

(145%)
(191%)

-
-
-
(100%)

28.2 
(15.9)

40.2 
40.2 
64.0 
- 

90.3 
65.1 

(69%)
(124%)

- 
- 
- 
100.6 

-
-
-
(100%)

COMBINED SPENDING ON CAPITAL(1) 

22.5 

$

28.9 

(22%) $

66.5 

$

80.5 

(17%)

PRODUCTION VOLUMES 
Finished nickel (50% basis, tonnes) 
Finished cobalt (50% basis, tonnes) 
Fertilizer (tonnes) 
Electricity (gigawatt hours) (33⅓% basis) 

AVERAGE EXCHANGE RATE (CAD/US$) 

AVERAGE-REALIZED PRICES (CAD)(1) 
Nickel ($ per pound) 
Cobalt ($ per pound) 
Fertilizer ($ per tonne) 
Electricity ($ per megawatt hour) 

UNIT OPERATING COSTS(1) 
Nickel (NDCC) (US$ per pound) 
Electricity ($ per megawatt hour) 

3,744 
330 
61,092 
225 

1.362 

10.87 
17.23 
414.80 
57.96 

$

4,112 
423 
62,254 
159 

1.358 

15.55 
25.72 
647.03 
58.54 

(9%)
(22%)
(2%)
42%

14,336 
1,438 
219,707 
745 

16,134 
1,684 
250,147 
568 

(11%)
(15%)
(12%)
31%

 -

1.350 

1.301 

4%

(30%) $
(33%)
(36%)
(1%)

$

13.36 
17.47 
548.16 
57.45 

14.93 
34.26 
759.91 
56.47 

(11%)
(49%)
(28%)
2%

7.87 
29.16 

$

7.00 
21.41 

12% $
36%

7.22 
27.70 

$

5.14 
19.39 

40%
43%

$

$

(1)  Non-GAAP and other financial measures. For additional information, see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section. 
(2)  Not meaningful (nm). 

Sherritt International Corporation 

13   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

The change in net (loss) earnings from continuing operations is detailed below: 

(1)  Mining, processing and refining costs (“MPR”) and cobalt by-product credits include the cost and cobalt revenue, respectively, on cobalt sold from Sherritt’s 50% share 

of cobalt received under the Cobalt Swap.  

(2)  Other primarily relates to changes in Moa Joint Venture royalties, net costs and revenue on sold cobalt from GNC under the Cobalt Swap agreement, foreign exchange 
gains/losses, depletion, depreciation, amortization, electricity revenue and costs, oil and gas revenue and costs, non-fertilizer inventory write-downs, impairment of 
property, plant and equipment and administrative expenses excluding share-based compensation expense/recovery. 

Consolidated revenue, which excludes revenue from the Moa Joint Venture as it is accounted for under the equity method, for 
the three months ended December 31, 2023 of $34.8 million compared to $48.6 million in the same period in the prior year 
primarily due to lower fertilizer average-realized prices(1) and lower fertilizer sales volume, partly offset by higher electricity sales. 
In the fourth quarter, Sherritt sold 49 tonnes of the total 399 tonnes of cobalt sold during the period. 

Consolidated revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 of $223.3 million compared to $178.8 million in the prior year 
primarily as a result of the additional sales under the Cobalt Swap agreement and higher electricity sales, partly offset by lower 
Sherritt  fertilizer  revenue.  In  the  prior  year,  prior  to  the  commencement  of  the  Cobalt  Swap,  Sherritt’s  50%  share  of  cobalt 
revenue was recognized by the Moa JV and included in Sherritt’s share of earnings of a joint venture rather than consolidated 
revenue.  

  

 
 
 
 
 
 
For  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2023  cobalt  revenue  under  the  Cobalt  Swap  was  $2.0  million  and 
$80.1 million, respectively. Sherritt fertilizer revenues of $14.4 million and $64.1 million, respectively, down from $28.7 million 
and $93.2 million the prior year periods primarily as a result of lower average-realized prices(1) and lower ammonia sales volumes 
in each current year periods. Revenue in Power for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 of $14.0 million and 
$47.1 million, respectively, was higher compared to the prior year periods primarily as a result of additional gas from new gas 
wells that went into production in the second quarter of 2023 and higher equipment availability during the current year. 

Combined revenue(1), which includes the impact of the Corporation’s consolidated financial results and the results of its 50% 
share of the Moa Joint Venture is a measure management uses to assess the Corporation’s financial performance. In addition 
to the above, combined revenue was primarily impacted by lower nickel revenue as a result of lower sales volumes and lower 
average-realized prices(1) compared to the prior year periods. 

The loss from continuing operations for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 of $53.4 million and $64.3 million, 
respectively, was primarily impacted by lower nickel, cobalt and fertilizer average-realized prices(1) compared to the prior year 
periods. Nickel sales volume was 22% and 19% lower in the three months and year ended December 31, 2023, respectively 
compared to the prior year periods. Fertilizer sales volumes for the three months ended December 31, 2023 were 10% lower than 
the prior year period reflecting unplanned maintenance earlier in the year which resulted in lower ammonia production and lower 
fertilizer availability during the fall shipping season. Sales  volumes for the full year ended December  31, 2023 were relatively 
unchanged compared to the prior year. 

Total  MPR  costs  including  Sherritt’s  share  of  cost  of  the  Cobalt  Swap  and  Moa  JV  cobalt  sold  for  the  three  months  ended 
December 31, 2023 were lower than the prior year period primarily as a result of lower nickel sales volume and input commodity 
prices. In addition, in the fourth quarter of 2023, a larger portion of production was related to the processing of third-party feed 
compared to the prior year periods. For the year ended December 31, 2023 total MPR including Sherritt’s share of cost of the 
Cobalt Swap and Moa JV cobalt sold was higher than the prior year period as higher maintenance costs and the impact of higher 
opening inventory costs on nickel and cobalt sold in the period offset the impact of lower nickel sales volume and lower input 
commodity prices. In both current year periods, costs were negatively impacted by a stronger U.S. dollar relative to the Canadian 
dollar.   

The impact of the redirected share of cobalt under the Cobalt Swap was not significant on the Corporation’s net loss in the current 
year periods.  

As a result of updated cost estimates provided by the operator of Sherritt’s legacy Oil and Gas Spain assets, loss from continuing 
operations includes an increase in rehabilitation and closure costs of $20.0 million and $25.8 million, on a discounted basis, in Q4 
and full year 2023, respectively, 

Administrative expenses for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 were lower primarily as result of the decrease 
in share-based compensation expense. The current year periods reflect recoveries compared to expenses in the prior year period 
resulting from a reduction in the Corporation’s share price compared to an increase in price in the prior year periods. The higher 
expense in the prior year period was also impacted by the vesting of a higher number of units prior to cash payment in the first 
quarter of 2023. 

(1)  Non-GAAP and other financial measure.  For additional information, see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

15   

 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL POSITION 

The following table summarizes the significant items as derived from the consolidated statements of financial position:  

$ millions, except as otherwise noted, as at December 31 

2023

2022

Change 

Current assets 
Current liabilities 
Working capital(1) 
Current ratio(2) 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Investment in Moa Joint Venture 
Non-current advances, loans receivable and other financial assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Total assets 
Loans and borrowings 
Provisions 
Total liabilities 
Deficit 
Shareholders' equity 

(1)  Working capital is calculated as the Corporation’s current assets less current liabilities.  

(2) 

The current ratio is calculated as the Corporation’s current assets divided by its current liabilities.   

$

$

399.0 

$

287.3 

111.7 

1.39:1 

119.1 

$

646.7 

170.2 

159.2 

429.3 

367.6 

61.7 

1.17:1 

123.9 

756.0 

207.1 

148.6 

(7%)

(22%)

81%

19%

(4%)

(14%)

(18%)

7%

1,390.6 

1,555.6 

(11%)

355.6 

128.0 

777.0 

(2,899.6)

613.6 

350.9 

106.2 

860.7 

(2,835.0)

694.9 

1%

21%

(10%)

(2%)

(12%)

Cash and cash equivalents as at December 31, 2023 were $119.1 million, down from $120.4 million as at September 30, 2023. 
During Q4 2023, Sherritt drew an additional $40.0 million on its revolving credit facility of which $15.0 million was advanced to 
the Moa JV for short-term working capital purposes and received $4.0 million proceeds from operating activities from Fort Site 
including  the  impact  of  receipts  from  fertilizer  pre-sales  and  timing  of  working  capital  payments.  These  amounts  were  offset 
primarily by payments of $5.5 million for property, plant and equipment, $9.4 million for interest on the 8.5% second lien secured 
notes (“Second Lien Notes”), and $4.2 million on rehabilitation and closure costs related to legacy Oil and Gas Spain assets.  

On a full year basis, cash and cash equivalents as at December 31, 2023 were down slightly from $123.9 million as at December 
31, 2022. During 2023, Sherritt received $80.3 million from the sale of cobalt to third parties and $64.0 million as a top-up cash 
dividend under the Cobalt Swap. In addition, Sherritt drew a net $13.0 million on its revolving credit facility, repaying $17.0 million 
related to repurchasing notes in the prior year and advancing $30.0 million to the Moa JV for short-term working capital purposes. 
Significant cash payments during the year included $24.9 million for share-based compensation; $18.8 million for interest on the 
Second Lien Notes, $20.1 million for property, plant and equipment, $7.8 million for the repurchase of PIK notes at a discount, 
and  $5.9 million  on  rehabilitation  and  closure  costs  related  to  legacy  Oil  and  Gas  Spain  assets.  In  addition,  Energas  paid 
$14.8 million (33⅓ basis) to GNC in the year, in Cuban pesos, in accordance with the Cobalt Swap. 

As at December 31, 2023, total available liquidity in Canada, which is composed of cash and cash equivalents in Canada and 
available credit facilities of $41.5 million was $63.0 million compared to $104.2 million as at September 30, 2023 and $74.8 million 
as at December 31, 2022. 

Subsequent to quarter end, the Moa JV signed a sales agreement for nickel deliveries in 2024 with a $20 million prepayment 
expected to be received in early February, improving available liquidity. 

Advances to the Moa JV are interest bearing, at the Corporation’s borrowing rates, and are expected to be repaid during the first 
half  of  2024.  Sherritt  does  not  expect  to  advance  further  amounts  to  the  Moa  JV  in  2024.  Upon  repayment  of  the  amounts 
outstanding  by  the  Moa  JV,  and  subject  to  the  Moa  JV’s  available  liquidity  to  support  operations  and  expected  liquidity 
requirements, the joint venture will be eligible to commence payment of cobalt dividends pursuant to the Cobalt Swap. At current 
spot nickel prices, and given the prioritization of the joint venture to repay its outstanding advances, the Corporation expects 
that under the Cobalt Swap the cobalt dividends anticipated to commence in the second half the year will not meet the annual 
maximum  amount  in  2024.  As  previously  disclosed  and  as  defined  by  the  agreement,  any  short  fall  in  the  annual  minimum 
payment amount will be added to the following year. 

At  the  Second  Lien  Note  interest  payment  date  in  October  2023,  the  Corporation  was  not  required  to  make  a  mandatory 
redemption of Second Lien Notes for the two-quarter period ended June 30, 2023 as it did not meet the minimum liquidity threshold 
as defined in the indenture agreement. For the two-quarter period ended December 31, 2023, the Corporation did not have Excess 
Cash Flow as defined in the Second Lien Notes indenture agreement and, therefore, will not be required to make a mandatory 
redemption with its April 2024 interest payment. 

  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Significant factors influencing operations 

As a commodity-based business, Sherritt’s operating results are primarily influenced by the prices of nickel and cobalt and its 
fertilizers. 

NICKEL 

In Q4 2023, nickel prices declined a further 12%, ending the quarter at US$7.39/lb from an opening price of US$8.40/lb. Global 
macroeconomic factors, including energy-related issues in Europe, China not meeting growth expectations, and U.S. interest rate 
policies  impacting  the  dollar,  influenced  these  market  movements.  As  well,  a  significant  increase  in  production  by  Chinese 
producers in Indonesia, contributed to a near to mid-term supply surplus putting continued pressure on prices. 

In 2023, global nickel demand is expected to have surpassed three million tonnes, driven primarily by China's double-digit growth, 
accounting for 62% of total global consumption. China's steel and battery sectors are projected to improve significantly in 2024 
(+12%) and 2025 (+10%)(1). Forecasts for 2024-2025 point towards a demand recovery driven by the stainless steel and battery 
sectors, especially in Europe as well as China and Indonesia regions. Battery sector growth is assisted by government incentives, 
subsidies leading to greater adoption and demand for Electric Vehicles (EVs). EV penetration is expected to rise to 16%, up from 
13% in 2022, reaching 25% by 2025(2). Overall, global primary nickel demand is expected to experience increases of 13% in 2024 
and 9% in 2025. 

Increased  production  of  nickel-matte,  intermediate  products,  and  chemicals  by  Chinese  producers  operating  in  Indonesia  led 
global supply to reach approximately 3.4 million tonnes, ~10% increase from 2022(1). The conversion of this supply into Class I 
nickel,  and  the  fast-track  approval  granted  by  the  London  Metal  Exchange  (“LME”)  to  Chinese  brands,  has  also  resulted  in 
increasing  Class  I  inventories,  with  an  addition  of  22  thousand  tonnes  to  LME  and  7  thousand  tonnes  to  Shanghai  Futures 
Exchange (“SHFE”) inventories in Q4 2023. 

In the short term, the supply surplus of both Class I and Class II nickel is expected to continue to hold prices down, although this 
surplus will be partly offset by supply side reductions from higher cost operations, while factors like the continued demand growth 
from stainless steel and lithium-ion battery consumption and the need to incentivize new projects with improved environmental 
performance for future supply may provide upside potential. Additionally, regionalization of supply chains, as well as government 
incentives and restrictions could play a significant factor in impacting future pricing in certain regions and for certain products. 

COBALT 

In Q4 2023, the Argus Chemical Grade cobalt price declined 7%, ending the quarter at US$14.25/lb from an opening price of 
US$15.28/lb  as  the  market  continued  in  over  supply.  During  2023,  cobalt  prices  declined  32%  from  the  opening  price  of 
US$20.90/lb.  Despite  intermittent  price  supportive  actions  from  major  producers  like  Glencore  and  opportunistic  buying 
interventions by the China state-owned Strategic Reserve Bureau (“SRB”), the release of held-up cobalt-hydroxide inventory from 
recently-approved exports from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (“DRC”), resolution of some of the logistics issues in South 
Africa and easing of labour strike action in the latter part of the year contributed to the current supply surplus. 

China's economic performance in 2023 reflected weak consumer confidence which particularly impacted the primary end-market 
for batteries. The portable electronics sector, contracted 1% in 2023, following a 5% decline in 2022(2). The sector's recovery, 
crucial for cobalt demand, is projected to return to 2019 levels by around 2026. The surge in EV adoption is poised to significantly 
impact lithium-ion battery demand which in turn will increase cobalt demand. 

The DRC continues to be the world's largest cobalt producer, contributing 76% of global mined supply in 2023, although this is 
expected to lessen to 66% by 2030 as Indonesia continues to expand as the second-largest cobalt producer, with forecast growth 
from 7% in 2023 to 19% by 2030, driven by increased production of cobalt containing MHP(2).  

The dynamic battery landscape, influenced by emerging cobalt-free chemistries, is impacting near-term demand, but attractive 
profits are motivating copper and nickel miners to maintain production, resulting in additional cobalt by-product production. The 
cobalt market is projected to remain oversupplied until 2028, potentially limiting significant price increases in the short to medium 
term. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

17   

 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

FERTILIZER 

Fertilizer prices have stayed low due to ample supply of nitrogen fertilizers, and stability in North America's winter demand has 
kept natural gas prices, a key input, steady. Prices for 2024 are expected to remain relatively unchanged from 2023. 

(1)  Wood Mackenzie, Global Nickel Investment Horizon Outlook Q4 2023  
(2)  CRU, Cobalt Market Outlook November 2023 Report  

  

 
 
 
Review of operations 
METALS 

$ millions (Sherritt's share), except as otherwise noted 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS 
Revenue(1) 
Cost of sales(1) 
(Loss) earnings from operations 
Adjusted EBITDA(2) 

For the three months ended
2022

2023
December 31

2023
December 31 Change  December 31

For the year ended 
2022 

$

$

125.9 
146.6 
(22.0)
(8.7)

223.5 
189.5 
30.5 
45.1 

(44%) $
(23%)
(172%)
(119%)

603.7 
601.4 
(2.1)
53.6 

December 31 Change 

$

$

795.1 
587.8 
197.9 
251.8 

(24%)
2%
(101%)
(79%)

171.6 
107.4 

(32%)
(45%)

CASH FLOW 
Cash provided by continuing operations for operating activities(2)  $
Free cash flow(2) 

$

3.4 
(14.2)

81.6 
57.7 

(96%) $

(125%)

115.9 
58.9 

PRODUCTION VOLUME (tonnes) 
Mixed Sulphides 
Finished Nickel 
Finished Cobalt 
Fertilizer 

NICKEL RECOVERY(3) (%) 

SALES VOLUME (tonnes) 
Finished Nickel 
Finished Cobalt 
Fertilizer 

AVERAGE REFERENCE PRICE (US$ per pound)   
Nickel(4) 
Cobalt(5) 

AVERAGE-REALIZED PRICE(2) 
Nickel ($ per pound) 
Cobalt ($ per pound) 
Fertilizer ($ per tonne) 

UNIT OPERATING COST(2) (US$ per pound) 
Nickel - net direct cash cost(2) 

SPENDING ON CAPITAL(2) 
Sustaining 
Growth 

3,514 
3,744 
330 
61,092 

4,000 
4,112 
423 
62,254 

(12%)
(9%)
(22%)
(2%)

15,084 
14,336 
1,438 
219,707 

16,248 
16,134 
1,684 
250,147 

(7%)
(11%)
(15%)
(12%)

89%

85%

5%

88%

87%

1%

3,511 
399 
55,509 

7.82 
15.69 

10.87 
17.23 
414.80 

$

$

4,486 
386 
61,664 

(22%)
3%
(10%)

12,888 
2,720 
170,161 

15,879 
1,379 
170,427 

(19%)
97%
 -

11.47 
23.00 

(32%) $
(32%)

9.74 
16.30 

15.55 
25.72 
647.03 

(30%) $
(33%)
(36%)

13.36 
17.47 
548.16 

$

$

11.61 
30.75 

(16%)
(47%)

14.93 
34.26 
759.91 

(11%)
(49%)
(28%)

7.87 

$

7.00 

12% $

7.22 

$

5.14 

40%

19.0 
2.3 
21.3 

$

$

22.3 
4.4 
26.7 

(15%) $
(48%)
(20%) $

51.3 
11.4 
62.7 

$

$

66.7 
7.4 
74.1 

(23%)
54%
(15%)

$

$

$

$

$

(1) 

The Financial Highlights, and cash flow amounts for Metals combine the operations of the Moa JV, Fort Site and Metals Marketing. Breakdowns of revenue, Adjusted 
EBITDA, and the components of free cash flow (cash provided (used) by continuing operations for operating activities and Property, plant and equipment expenditures) 
for each of these operations are included in the Combined Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA and Free cash flow reconciliations, respectively, in the Non-GAAP and other 
financial measures section of this MD&A. 

(2)  Non-GAAP and other financial measures. For additional information, see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section.  

The nickel recovery rate measures the amount of finished nickel that is produced compared to the original nickel content of the ore that was mined.  

(3) 
(4)  Reference source: LME. The average nickel reference price for the year ended December 31, 2022 was impacted by the suspension of nickel trading and disruption 

events on the LME during the month of March 2022.  

(5)  Reference source: Average standard-grade cobalt price published by Argus. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

19   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

(1)  Non-GAAP and other financial measure. For additional information, see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section. 

Metals revenue, cost of sales and NDCC(1) are composed of the following: 

$ millions, except as otherwise noted 

December 31

December 31

Change

December 31

December 31

Change 

For the three months ended

2023

2022

For the year ended 

2023

2022 

REVENUE 
Nickel 
Cobalt 
Fertilizers 
Other 

COST OF SALES(2) 
Mining, processing and refining (MPR)(3) 
Third-party feed costs 
Finished cobalt cost(4) 
Fertilizers 
Selling costs 
Other 

NET DIRECT CASH COST(1) (US$ per pound of nickel) 
Mining, processing and refining costs(5) 
Third-party feed costs 
Cobalt by-product credits(5) 
Net fertilizer by-product credit 
Net impact of redirected cobalt(6) 
Other(7)  

$

$

$

$

$

$

84.1 
15.2 
23.1 
3.5 
125.9 

76.4 
11.9 
1.8 
26.3 
8.2 
8.7 
133.3 

7.35 
1.14 
(1.34)
0.31 
(0.01)
0.42 
7.87 

$

$

$

$

$

$

153.8 
22.0 
39.9 
7.8 
223.5 

118.4 
7.3 
- 
28.2 
6.3 
14.7 
174.9 

8.73 
0.53 
(1.63)
(1.19)
- 
0.56 
7.00 

(45%) $
(31%)
(42%)
(55%)
(44%) $

(35%) $
63%
-
(7%)
30%
(41%)
(24%) $

(16%) $
115%
18%
126%
-
(25%)

12% $

379.6 
104.8 
93.3 
26.0 
603.7 

275.0 
26.1 
86.1 
81.9 
29.0 
50.6 
548.7 

8.08 
0.68 
(1.69)
(0.30)
0.09 
0.36 
7.22 

$

$

$

$

$

$

522.8 
104.2 
129.5 
38.6 
795.1 

349.7 
24.8 
- 
78.6 
20.5 
60.3 
533.9 

7.76 
0.54 
(2.30)
(1.52)
- 
0.66 
5.14 

(27%)
1%
(28%)
(33%)
(24%)

(21%)
5%
-
4%
41%
(16%)
3%

4%
26%
27%
80%
-
(45%)
40%

(1)  Non-GAAP and other financial measure. For additional information, see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section. 

(2) 

(3) 

(4) 

Excludes depletion, depreciation and amortization and impairment of property, plant and equipment 
Effective January 1, 2023, MPR costs exclude the cost of cobalt volumes sold in accordance with the Cobalt Swap. 
Finished cobalt cost is based on the settlement value of the cobalt sold. The settlement value is based on an in-kind value of cobalt, calculated at the time of distribution 
as a cobalt reference price from the month preceding distribution, modified mutually between the Corporation and GNC in consideration of selling costs incurred by 
the Corporation. 

(5)  MPR and cobalt by-product credits include the cost and cobalt revenue, respectively, on cobalt sold from Sherritt’s 50% share of cobalt received under the Cobalt 

Swap.  

(6)  Net impact of redirected cobalt includes the finished cobalt cost less cobalt by-product credits per pound of nickel sold on the cobalt sold from GNC’s redirected cobalt 

received by Sherritt under the Cobalt Swap. 
Includes the marketing costs, discounts, and other by-product credits. 

(7) 

  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table summarizes average prices for key input commodities for the Moa Joint Venture and Fort Site(1):   

Sulphur (US$ per tonne) 
Diesel (US$ per litre) 
Fuel oil (US$ per tonne) 

Natural gas cost ($ per gigajoule) 

For the three months ended

2023

2022

For the year ended 

2023

2022 

December 31

December 31

Change

December 31

December 31

Change 

$

$

181.79 
1.16 
483.33 
2.93  

417.64 
1.33 
517.71 
5.29 

(56%) $
(13%)
(7%)
(45%) 

$

230.30 
1.12 
466.07 
2.90  

454.57 
1.15 
539.35 
5.37 

(49%)
(3%)
(14%)
(46%)

(1) 

 The above input commodity prices are the average prices incurred during the periods reflected in cost of sales or inventory. 

The following graphs summarize the change in (loss) earnings from operations for Metals:  

(1)  MPR and cobalt by-product credits include the costs and cobalt revenue, respectively, on cobalt sold from Sherritt’s 50% share of cobalt received under the Cobalt 

Swap.  

(2)  Other is  primarily composed of sulphuric acid revenue and  costs, non-fertilizer inventory  write-downs, impairment of  property, plant and equipment, selling costs, 
administrative costs, net costs and revenue on sold cobalt redirected from GNC to Sherritt under the Cobalt Swap agreement, depletion, depreciation and amortization. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

21   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Challenging  market  conditions  accelerated  in  the  fourth  quarter  2023  through  lower  demand  and  reference  prices  for  nickel. 
Despite management actions taken to reduce costs and protect margins, unplanned maintenance challenges and lower production 
due to lower ore grades and poor quality ore sources available negated these efforts, negatively impacting operating cost and 
margins that ultimately contributed to an adjusted EBITDA(1) of $(8.7) million which also included the impacts of $2.3 million in 
inventory  write-downs.  During  2023,  in  addition  to  the  unplanned  maintenance  to  the  ammonia  plant  in  the  third  and  fourth 
quarters, the Fort Site experienced higher than normal maintenance costs, in part due to the planned biannual acid plant shutdown, 
which  identified  a  larger  than  anticipated  remedial  scope  of  work.  This  maintenance  work  has  since  been  completed  and 
production has returned to levels in line with historical performance.  

In  further  response  to  expected  lower  pricing  commodity  market  conditions,  subsequent  to  the  year  end  the  Corporation 
streamlined its Metals business unit to improve operating margins in the near-term while ensuring safe and effective operations 
by reducing senior management costs, operating headcount and non-essential expenditures. Additional operational improvements 
are expected to further enhance the performance of Metals going forward. Phase one of the Moa expansion is complete and 
following its ramp-up, is expected to reduce ore haulage distances, lower carbon intensity from mining and increase annual mixed 
sulphide precipitate (“MSP”) production of contained nickel and cobalt. As outlined in its 2024 guidance for NDCC(1) of US$5.50 
– US$6.00 per pound of nickel sold, the Corporation expects through the implemented changes, a meaningful improvement to be 
realized in costs and operating margins going forward.  

Finished nickel revenue for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 was $84.1 million and $379.6 million down from 
$153.8 million and $522.8 million, respectively, in the prior year periods primarily as result of lower average-realized prices(1) and 
lower sales volumes for nickel in each of the current year periods. Average-realized nickel prices(1) were 30% and 11% lower, 
respectively, in the current year periods.  

Finished nickel sales volumes for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 were 3,511 tonnes and 12,888 tonnes 
down from 4,486 tonnes and 15,879 tonnes, respectively, in the prior year periods. During Q4 2023, finished nickel sales volumes 
were in line with finished nickel production volumes with sales volumes improving from Q3 2023. Finished nickel sales volumes 
during the full year 2023 were lower than finished nickel production volumes due to lower demand for nickel from steel mills after 
mid-year  shutdowns,  lower  finished  metal  purchasing  in  Asia  as  mixed  hydroxide  precipitate  (“MHP”)  and  matte  intermediate 
availability increased and customers delayed purchases to reduce inventories and their holding and financing costs and sought 
better prices in a falling price environment. All of this resulted in higher than anticipated inventory build-up at the end of 2023. This 
inventory is expected to be reduced over the course of 2024.  

Finished cobalt revenue, including cobalt sold by Sherritt under the Cobalt Swap and Sherritt’s 50% share of cobalt sold by the 
Moa JV, for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 was $15.2 million and $104.8 million compared to $22.0 million 
and $104.2 million, respectively, in the prior year periods. While sales volumes of 399 tonnes and 2,720 tonnes in the current year 
periods were 3% and 97% higher, respectively, revenue was impacted by 33% and 49% lower average-realized prices(1) in the 
current year periods, respectively.  

Cobalt  sales  volumes  based  on  Sherritt’s  50%  share  were  375  tonnes  in  Q4  2023  compared  to  386  tonnes  in  Q4  2022  and 
1,692 tonnes for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to 1,379 tonnes for the prior year. Lower sales in Q4 2023 reflected 
the impact of lower production. For the full year period, a general improvement in demand in the second and third quarters reflected 
increased purchases as consumers took the opportunity to restock inventories as prices stabilized at relative lows in the recent 
price cycle. During this period, Sherritt was able to increase its customer base and reduce its inventory to more typical levels. 

Fertilizer revenue for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 was $23.1 million and $93.3 million compared to $39.9 
million and $129.5 million, respectively, in the prior year periods. Sales volumes for the three months ended December 31, 2023 
were 10% lower than the prior year period due to the unplanned maintenance earlier in the year which resulted in lower ammonia 
production and lower fertilizer availability during the fall shipping season. Sales volumes for the full year ended December 31, 
2023 were relatively unchanged compared to the prior year. Average-realized prices(1) in the current year periods were 36% and 
28% lower compared to the prior year periods, respectively. 

Mixed sulphides production at the Moa JV for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 was 3,514 tonnes and 15,084 
tonnes, down 12% and 7%, respectively, from the prior year periods. In Q4 2023, mixed sulphides production was impacted by 
heavy rainfall which required processing lower grade and quality stockpiled materials. Logistical delays in the delivery of purchased 
sulphuric acid required during planned sulphuric acid plant maintenance resulted in ore processing reductions at the end of the 
third quarter and into the early part of the fourth quarter. As well, for the full year 2023, production was impacted by maintenance 
on the ore thickener and hydrogen plant, lower ore grades and ore blending challenges in the first half of the year, all of which 
have since been resolved. 

  

 
 
Finished nickel production for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 was 3,744 tonnes and 14,336 tonnes, down 
from 4,112 tonnes and 16,134 tonnes, respectively, in the prior year periods primarily as a result of lower mixed sulphides feed 
availability at the refinery. This feed shortfall was partly offset by the higher third-party feed processed in the fourth quarter. 

Finished cobalt production for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 was 330 tonnes and 1,438 tonnes down from 
423 tonnes and 1,684 tonnes, respectively, in the prior year periods as a result of lower mixed sulphides feed availability at the 
refinery. 

Full year 2023 finished nickel and finished cobalt production were slightly below their respective guidance(2) ranges for the year. 

Fertilizer production for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 of 61,092 tonnes and 219,707 tonnes was 2% lower 
and  12%  lower,  respectively,  compared  to  prior  year  periods  in  line  with  lower  metals  production  and  the  impact  of  reduced 
ammonia plant availability resulting from unplanned maintenance during the current year. Ammonia production returned to normal 
in Q4. 

Mining, processing and refining (“MPR”) costs per pound of nickel sold (“MPR/lb”), which includes Sherritt’s share of cost of Cobalt 
Swap and Moa JV cobalt sold, for the three months ended December 31, 2023 was down 16% compared to Q4 2022 as a result 
of lower input commodity prices, including a 56% decrease in global sulphur prices, a 45% decrease natural gas prices, a 13% 
decrease in diesel prices, and a 7% decrease in fuel oil prices and the increased ratio of third-party feed to Moa mine feed, partly 
offset by higher maintenance costs and lower nickel production and sales volumes in the current year period. For the year ended 
December 31, 2023, MPR/lb was 4% higher than in the prior year as a result of lower nickel production and sales volumes in the 
current year, higher maintenance costs, and the cost associated with the higher cobalt sales volume, partly offset by lower input 
commodity prices. For the year ended December 31, 2023, global sulphur, natural gas, diesel and fuel oil prices decreased 49%, 
46% and 3% and 14% respectively.  

NDCC(1) per pound of nickel sold for the three months ended December 31, 2023 increased to US$7.87/lb from US$7.00/lb in the 
prior year as lower MPR/lb were offset by higher third-party feed costs and lower fertilizer and cobalt by-product credits(3). Higher 
MPR/lb for the year ended December 31, 2023, as discussed above, coupled with lower fertilizer and cobalt by-product credits 
resulted in a higher NDCC(1) of US$7.22/lb compared to US$5.14/lb for the prior year. Lower net fertilizer by-product credits in 
both current year periods reflected lower production and sales, lower realized prices, as well as higher maintenance costs. In both 
current year periods, NDCC(1) reflected the impact of lower nickel sales volumes. Annual NDCC per pound of nickel sold was 
within the guidance(2) range for the year.  

Sustaining spending on capital(1) for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 was $19.0 million and $51.3 million, 
compared to $22.3 million and $66.7 million, respectively, in the prior year periods primarily due to timing of planned spending at 
both the Moa JV and Fort Site. Sherritt took a prudent approach and reduced its sustaining spending on capital(1) guidance(2) in 
Q3 2023 to conserve liquidity in response to the current market conditions. Annual sustaining spending(1) on capital was in line 
with guidance(2) for the year. 

Growth  spending  on  capital(1)  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2023  was  $2.3  million  and  $11.4  million, 
compared to $4.4 million and $7.4 million, respectively, in the prior year periods, most of which was related to spending on the 
SPP and Sixth Leach Train as part of the Moa JV expansion program in each of the current year periods. Annual growth spending 
on capital was below guidance(2) for the year and related to the timing of spending for non-critical path items. The project timing 
and overall budget remains unchanged. 

In  Q1  2023,  the  Moa  JV  released  its  National  Instrument  43-101  Technical  Report  which  indicates  that  the  current  reserves 
estimates, without the current expansion impact, are sufficient to extend the life of mine 14 years to 2048. 

(1)  Non-GAAP and other financial measures. For additional information see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section. 
(2)  Cobalt by-product credits include Sherritt’s share of cobalt revenue per pound of nickel sold only. 

Moa JV expansion program update 

The Moa JV expansion program was specifically designed to minimize the risks of capital overruns and project delays which were 
anticipated following the COVID-19 pandemic. This low cost and low capital intensity two-phase expansion program remains on 
budget  and  on  schedule.  Phase  one  of  the  expansion,  the  SPP,  is  expected  to  reduce  ore  haulage  distances,  lower  carbon 
intensity from mining and increase annual MSP production of contained nickel and cobalt through increased throughput over the 
mine’s  long  life.  With  completion  of  phase  two  of  the  expansion,  the  Processing  Plant,  annual  MSP  production  is  targeted  to 
increase by 6,500 tonnes of contained nickel and cobalt (100% basis) and is expected to fill the refinery to nameplate capacity to 
maximize  profitability  from  the  joint  venture’s  own  mine  feed,  displacing  lower  margin  third  party  feeds  and  increasing  overall 
finished nickel and cobalt production.  

Sherritt International Corporation 

23   

 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

The Moa JV continued to advance the expansion program at the mine site. Progress included: 

SPP:  

•  Construction of the SPP was completed under budget; commissioning and capacity testing is ongoing, and in January 

2024 the SPP began processing ore at design capacity. 

Processing Plant: 

•  Civil construction and structural erection is ongoing on those areas not completed in the prior expansion. 

•  Some of the long-lead items will be delivered in Q1 2024 for the Sixth Leah Train which will allow mechanical construction 

to commence in Q2 2024; and 

• 

• 

engineering for the Fifth Sulphide Precipitation Train has been completed and ordering of equipment and materials will 
commence in 2024. 

In response to the current lower nickel price environment, the joint venture optimized the timing of certain capital spending 
items shifting some phase two spending to beyond 2024. This deferral is not expected to impact the timing of the ramp 
up of MSP production from the expansion.  

The overall timing and budget to reach target production remains unchanged and is on schedule for an expected end of year 2024 
completion with commissioning and ramp up in 2025. 

  

 
 
POWER  

$ millions (Sherritt's share, 33⅓% basis), except as otherwise noted 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS 
Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Earnings from operations 
Adjusted EBITDA(1) 

For the three months ended
2022

2023
December 31

2023
December 31 Change  December 31

For the year ended 
2022 

December 31 Change 

$

$

14.0 
7.1 
5.9 
6.6 

10.5 
4.9 
4.5 
6.1 

33% $
45%
31%
8%

$

47.1 
22.7 
20.7 
23.2 

37.1 
24.2 
8.7 
22.3 

27%
(6%)
138%
4%

CASH FLOW 
Cash provided by continuing operations for operating activities(1)  $
Free cash flow(1) 

$

7.4 
6.1 

13.5 
12.0 

(45%)
(49%)

$

$

16.9 
13.7 

37.4 
32.3 

(55%)
(58%)

PRODUCTION AND SALES VOLUME 
Electricity (GWh(2)) 

AVERAGE-REALIZED PRICE(1) 
Electricity (per MWh(2)) 

UNIT OPERATING COST(1) 
Electricity (per MWh)  

SPENDING ON CAPITAL(1) 
Sustaining 

225 

159 

42%

745 

568 

31%

$

57.96 

$

58.54 

(1%)

$

57.45 

$

56.47 

2%

29.16 

21.41 

36%

27.70 

19.39 

43%

$

1.3 

$

1.6 

(19%)

$

3.2 

$

5.1 

(37%)

(1)  Non-GAAP and other financial measures. For additional information see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section. 
(2)  Gigawatt hours (GWh), Megawatt hours (MWh). 

(1)  Non-GAAP and other financial measures. For additional information see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

25   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Power revenue is composed of the following: 

$ millions (Sherritt's share, 33⅓% basis) 

Electricity sales 
By-products and other 

For the three months ended
2022

2023
December 31

2023
December 31 Change  December 31

For the year ended 
2022 

December 31 Change 

$

$

13.0 
1.0 
14.0 

$

$

9.4 
1.1 
10.5 

38% $
(9%)
33% $

42.8 
4.3 
47.1 

$

$

32.1 
5.0 
37.1 

33%
(14%)
27%

Revenue for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 was $14.0 million and $47.1 million, respectively, increasing 
33% and 27% compared to the prior year periods primarily due to higher production from increased available gas. 

Electricity  production  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2023  was  225  GWh  and  745  GWh  compared  to 
159 GWh  and  568  GWh,  respectively,  in  the  prior  year  periods.  Production  increased  sequentially  throughout  the  year  with 
electricity production during the fourth quarter reaching the highest level of quarterly production since 2016 resulting in overall 
annual production exceeding guidance(2) for the year. The increase in electricity production in the current year periods is a result 
of additional gas from two gas wells that went into production in the second quarter of 2023 and increased equipment availability 
following planned maintenance to facilitate increased utilisation of the facilities. The gas is provided to Energas free of charge by 
Union Cubapetroleo (“CUPET”) for use in power generation. Opportunities to further increase gas supply for additional power 
production in 2024 continue to be pursued. 

Unit operating costs(1) for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 were $29.16/MWh, and $27.70/MWh, compared 
to $21.41/MWh, and $19.39/MWh, respectively, for the prior year periods an increase primarily driven by the timing of planned 
maintenance activities, partly offset by higher sales volumes. Unit operating costs(1) for 2023 were within guidance(2).  

Sustaining spending on capital(1) for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 was $1.3 million and $3.2 million, 
respectively, primarily driven by maintenance activities. Spending on capital(1) for 2023 was below guidance(2). 

During 2023, Sherritt received $1.4 million of dividends from Energas in Canada and expects dividends to increase in 2024. 

(1)  Non-GAAP and other financial measures. For additional information see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section. 

TECHNOLOGIES 

$ millions 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS 
Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Loss from operations 

For the three months ended
2022

2023
December 31

2023
December 31 Change  December 31

For the year ended 
2022 

December 31 Change 

$

$

$

0.3 
(3.8)
(3.5) $

0.5 
(4.9)
(4.4)

(40%) $
22%
20% $

$

1.3 
(16.7)
(15.4) $

1.8 
(16.6)
(14.8)

(28%)
1%
4%

During the three months ended December 31, 2023, Technologies: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

continued  to  advance  development  of  strategic  growth  opportunities  for  Sherritt,  provide  technical  support,  process 
optimization and technology development services to the Moa JV and the Fort Site and support the Moa JV’s expansion 
program;  

continued to progress near-term partnerships and development opportunities to expand midstream processing capacity 
of critical minerals for the electric vehicle supply chain; 

completed the continuous pilot test of the on-going MHP test program, which is supported by a funding commitment from 
Natural  Resources  Canada  (NRCan),  as  part  of  Sherritt’s  strategic  objective  for  expanding  midstream  processing 
capacity; 

advanced  its  venture  analysis,  flowsheet  enhancements,  and  batch  test  work  related  to  its  next-generation  laterite 
(“NGL”) processing technology to support discussions with external parties; and 

continued to progress on commercialization activities around proprietary technologies and innovative industry solutions. 

  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Subsequent to the quarter-end, Technologies was restructured to reduce headcount, including management, and decrease costs 
in line with a narrower focus to deliver essential support and enhancements to internal operations and business development. 
Business  development  will  primarily  focus  on  near-term  partnerships  and  development  opportunities  to  expand  midstream 
processing capacity of critical minerals for the electric vehicle supply chain which Sherritt has been working to advance given its 
differentiated and specialized technical expertise in hydrometallurgical processing. 

CORPORATE 

$ millions 

EXPENSES 
Administrative expenses 

For the three months ended
2022

2023
December 31

2023
December 31 Change  December 31

For the year ended 
2022 

December 31 Change 

$

1.9 

$

11.7 

(84%) $

17.0 

$

28.1 

(40%)

Corporate’s  administrative  expenses  are  primarily  composed  of  employee  costs,  share-based  compensation  expenses 
(recoveries), legal fees and third-party consulting and audit fees. 

Administrative expenses at Corporate for the three months ended December 31, 2023 were $9.8 million lower compared to the 
prior period primarily due to an $8.5 million decrease in share-based compensation expense. The current period recovery of $1.5 
million was primarily due to a $0.12 decrease in the Corporation’s share price, while the expense of $7.0 million in the prior period 
was primarily due to a $0.13 increase in the Corporation’s share price on a significantly higher number of vested units prior to 
cash payment in the first quarter of 2023. 

Administrative expenses at Corporate for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $11.1 million lower compared to the prior year 
primarily due to a $12.2 million decrease in share-based compensation expense. The current period recovery of $1.8 million was 
primarily due to a $0.21 decrease in the Corporation’s share price, while the expense of $10.4 million in the prior year was primarily 
due to a $0.12 increase in the Corporation’s share price on a significantly higher number of vested units prior to cash payment in 
the first quarter of 2023. 

ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE (“ESG”) 

In Q2 2023, Sherritt issued its 2022 sustainability, climate and tailings management reports as well as its sustainability scorecard 
outlining the Corporation’s performance on ESG matters. Highlights included: 

•  Completed a Task Force on Climate-related Disclosures (“TFCD”)-aligned Risk and Opportunity Assessment for the Fort 

Site. 

• 

Initiated a Greenhouse Gas (“GHG”) Emissions Baseline Assessment at Energas.  

•  Spent approximately $1 million on local community investment projects in 2022. 

•  Continued support of long-term community development project partnerships with UNICEF and Cowater in Cuba, and 

the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology at the Fort Site.  

•  Achieved  100%  alignment  with  the  Organisation  for  Economic  Co-operation  and  Development’s  (“OECD”)  5-Step 
Framework confirming that the minerals produced by the Moa JV do not originate from or transit through conflict-affected 
or high-risk areas (“CAHRAs”). 

•  Received  confirmation  of  conformity  with  the  LME’s  Track  B  Responsible  Sourcing  Requirements.  Sherritt  received 
independent verification that its minerals are not associated with conflict, or risks such as human rights abuses, forced 
labour, or corruption. 

During 2023, Sherritt: 

•  Completed GHG Emissions Baseline Assessment at Energas and initiated assessments at the Moa mine site and Fort 
Site. At Energas, Sherritt identified several potential decarbonization opportunities that would reduce GHG emissions 
per MWh of power generated in Cuba. Moa mine site and Fort Site assessments are expected to be completed by mid-
2024. 

•  Commenced a TFCD-aligned Risk and Opportunity Assessment for Energas, with results expected in Q1 2024. 

•  Maintained conformity with LME’s Track B Responsible Sourcing Requirements. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

27   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

•  Achieved ISO 45001 and ISO 14001 certification and continued to improve its Towards Sustainable Mining score at the 

Fort Site. 

•  Continued  to  advance  Sherritt’s  community  partner  programs  and  progressed  on  development  of  its  Indigenous 

Relations and Reconciliation Road Map program. 

•  With great regret, reported two fatalities at the Moa JV mine site. In response to these incidents, root cause analyses 
and a Fatality Prevention Gap Analysis was undertaken. Sherritt also initiated a series of Safety Strategy sessions with 
each of its operations to identify and implement improved safety protocols.  

Outlook 
2023 PRODUCTION VOLUMES, UNIT OPERATING COSTS AND SPENDING ON CAPITAL GUIDANCE 

Production volumes, unit operating costs(3) and spending on capital(3) 

Year-to-date 
actual to 
Guidance  December 31, 2023 

2023 

2024 
Guidance 

Production volumes  
Moa Joint Venture (tonnes, 100% basis) 
  Nickel, finished(1) 
  Cobalt, finished(1) 
Electricity (GWh, 33⅓% basis)(2) 

Unit operating costs(3) 
Metals - NDCC (US$ per pound) 
Electricity - unit operating cost ($ per MWh) 

Spending on capital(3)($ millions) 
Sustaining 

Moa Joint Venture (50% basis), Fort Site (100% basis)(1) 
Power (33⅓% basis) 

Growth 

Moa Joint Venture (50% basis)(1) 

Spending on capital(4) 

29,000 - 30,000 
2,900 - 3,100 
650 - 700 

28,672 
2,876 
745 

30,000 - 32,000 
3,100 - 3,400 
775 - 825 

 $6.75 - $7.25 
$27.25 - $28.75 

$7.22 
$27.70 

 $5.50 - $6.00 
$32.50 - $34.00 

$50.0 
$4.4 

$15.0 
$69.4 

$51.3 
$3.2 

$11.4 
$65.9 

$40.0 
$5.5 

$15.0 
$60.5 

(1) 

2023 guidance updated November 1, 2023. 
2023 guidance was updated July 26, 2023. 

(2) 
(3)  Non-GAAP financial measures. For additional information, see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section. 

(4) 

Excludes spending on capital of the Metals Marketing, Technologies, Oil and Gas and Corporate segments. 

Metals 

Nickel and cobalt production are both expected to increase in 2024 compared to 2023 due to increased feed of mixed sulphides 
from the Moa mine site to the refinery as a result of access to additional ore sources to improve the blend of feed as well as 
increased quality and feed rates following the ramp-up of the SPP, and reduced downtime from maintenance. 

NDCC(1) is expected to be lower in 2024 compared to 2023 due to lower expected maintenance activity, cost optimization, and 
higher expected production and sales, including increased fertilizer by-product sales. NDCC(1) includes by-product credits and 
input commodities that are subject to considerable change given the volatility of cobalt, fertilizers, sulphur, diesel and fuel prices. 
NDCC(1) guidance for 2024 is based on a forecast cobalt reference price of US$15.50 per pound and forecast sulphur price of 
US$170.00 per tonne including freight and handling.  

Sustaining  spending  on  capital(1)  of  $40.0  million  is  primarily  for  tailings  management,  infrastructure,  and  the  replacement  of 
equipment at the Moa JV. A portion of these costs are expected to be financed by the Moa JV or Sherritt in the case of Fort Site 
costs. 

Growth spending on capital(1) of $15.0 million is primarily for the continued construction of phase two of the expansion program at 
the Moa JV. 

  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Power 

Electricity production is expected to be higher in 2024 compared to 2023 primarily due to the full year receipt of additional gas 
from  the  two  wells  that  went  into  production  in  Q2  2023.  Sherritt  continues  to  look  for  opportunities  with  its  Cuban  partner  to 
increase the amount of gas available for electricity production. 

Unit operating cost(2) for electricity in 2024 reflects higher planned maintenance activities related to gas turbines, partly offset by 
the impact of higher electricity production and sales. 

Sustaining spending on capital(1) of $5.5 million at Power is primarily for maintenance and equipment purchases. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

29   

 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Liquidity 

As at December 31, 2023, total available liquidity was $160.6 million, which is composed of cash and cash equivalents of $119.1 
million and $41.5 million of available credit facilities and excludes restricted cash of $1.4 million.   

The main factors that affect liquidity include realized sales prices, timing of collection of receivables, production levels, cash 
production costs, working capital requirements, capital and environmental rehabilitation expenditure requirements, the timing of 
distributions (including pursuant to the Cobalt Swap) and advances from/to the Moa JV, the timing of cobalt sales and receipts, 
repayments of non-current loans and borrowings, credit capacity and debt and equity capital market conditions. 

Advances to the Moa JV are interest bearing, at the Corporation’s borrowing rates, and are expected to be repaid during the first 
half  of  2024.  Sherritt  does  not  expect  to  advance  further  amounts  to  the  Moa  JV  in  2024.  Upon  repayment  of  the  amounts 
outstanding  by  the  Moa  JV,  and  subject  to  the  Moa  JV’s  available  liquidity  to  support  operations  and  expected  liquidity 
requirements, the joint venture will be eligible to commence payment of cobalt dividends pursuant to the Cobalt Swap. At current 
spot nickel prices, and given the prioritization of the joint venture to repay its outstanding advances, the Corporation expects 
that the cobalt dividends anticipated to commence in the second half of the year, will not meet the annual maximum amount in 
2024. As previously disclosed and as defined by the agreement, any short fall in the annual minimum payment will be added to 
the following year. 

During 2023, Sherritt received $1.4 million of dividends from Energas in Canada and expects dividends to increase in 2024. 

The  Corporation’s  liquidity  requirements  are  met  through  a  variety  of  sources,  including  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  cash 
generated from operations, existing credit facilities, leases and debt and equity capital markets. Refer to the Capital resources 
section  for  further  details  on  the  8.50%  second  lien  secured  notes  due  2026  (“Second  Lien  Notes”),  the  PIK  Notes  and  the 
syndicated  revolving-term  credit  facility  (“Credit  Facility”),  including  repurchases  of  the  PIK  Notes  during  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2023. 

Subsequent  to  period  end,  the  Corporation  completed  a  restructuring  which  resulted  in  a  reduction  of  its  workforce  by 
approximately 10% across the Canadian operations, with annual employee cost savings of $13.0 million expected to be realized, 
and the Moa JV signed a sales agreement for nickel deliveries in 2024 with a $20 million prepayment expected to be received 
in early February, improving available liquidity. 

Cash and cash equivalents as at December 31, 2023 decreased by $4.8 million from December 31, 2022.  The components of 
this change are shown below: 

(1) 

Excludes proceeds from Cobalt Swap, distributions from the Moa JV, share-based compensation payments and interest paid on notes presented separately above. 
The repayment of the Energas payable was made in Cuban pesos and did not impact cash in Canada. 

(2) 
(3)  Other is composed of the effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents, repayment of other financial liabilities, other finance charges, fees paid on 

repurchase of notes and cash used by discontinued operations. 

  

 
 
 
The Corporation’s cash and cash equivalents are deposited in the following countries: 

$ millions, as at December 31, 2023 

Canada 
Cuba(1) 
Other 

Cash

21.4  $
96.3 
1.3 
119.0  $

$

$

Cash
equivalents

0.1  $
- 
- 
0.1  $

Total

21.5 
96.3 
1.3 
119.1 

The Corporation's share of cash and cash equivalents in the Moa JV, not included in the above balances: 

$

5.9 

(1) 

As at December 31, 2023, $93.9 million of the Corporation’s cash and cash equivalents was held by Energas (December 31, 2022 - $96.7 million). 

SOURCES AND USES OF CASH 

The Corporation’s cash provided (used) by operating, investing and financing activities is summarized in the following table, as 
derived from the Corporation’s consolidated statements of cash flow. 

$ millions 

Cash provided (used) by operating activities 
Cash provided (used) by operating activities(1) 
    Metals - Fort Site 
    Metals - Metals Marketing(2) 
    Power 
    Technologies 
    Oil and Gas 
    Corporate(3) 
Distributions from Moa JV 
   Proceeds from Cobalt Swap - Sherritt share 
   Proceeds from Cobalt Swap - GNC redirected share 
   Cash distributions - Cobalt Swap 
   Cash distributions - normal course 
Interest paid on notes 
Share-based compensation payments 
Other cash (used) provided by operating activities 
Cash (used) provided by continuing operations 
Cash used by discontinued operations 
Cash (used) provided by operating activities 

Cash used by investing activities 
Cash provided (used) by financing activities 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash 
equivalents 
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents: 
Beginning of the period 
End of the period 

For the three months ended
2022

2023 
December 31

December 31 Change

2023 
December 31

For the year ended
2022

December 31 Change 

$

$

$

$

$
$

$

4.0 
(1.1)
7.4 
(3.5) 
(14.9) 
(2.3)

1.3 
1.3 
- 
- 
(9.4)
(0.4)
(0.5)
(18.1)
(0.3)

(18.4) $

(20.3) $
39.5 

(0.1)
(4.1)
13.5 
(4.5)
(1.7)
(6.0)

- 
- 
- 
57.2 
(13.9)
- 
(0.1)
40.3 
(0.3)
40.0 

    nm(4) $
73%
(45%)
22% 
(776%) 
62%

-
-
-
(100%)
32%
-
(400%)
(145%)
 -

(146%) $

(10.0) $

(0.4)
19.3 
(15.4) 
(9.3) 
(21.0)

40.2 
40.2 
32.0 
- 
(22.3)
(24.9)
(0.2)
28.2 
(0.9)
27.3 

$

(6.7)
(45.8)

(203%) $
186%

(18.4) $
(11.7)

31.9 
(5.5)
38.0 
(14.9)
(3.5)
(21.5)

- 
- 
- 
100.6 
(29.1)
(5.8)
0.1 
90.3 
(1.6)
88.7 

(23.4)
(93.3)

(131%)
93%
(49%)
(3%)
(166%)
2%

-
-
-
(100%)
23%
(329%)
(300%)
(69%)
44%
(69%)

21%
87%

(2.1)
(1.3) $

(1.2)
(13.7)

(75%)

91% $

(2.0)
(4.8) $

6.3 
(21.7)

(132%)
78%

120.4 
119.1 

$
$

137.6 
123.9 

(13%) $
(4%) $

123.9 
119.1 

$
$

145.6 
123.9 

(15%)
(4%)

(1)  Non-GAAP financial measure.  For additional information, see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section. 

(2) 

Excluding proceeds from the Cobalt Swap, presented separately above. 
Excluding distributions received from Moa JV and interest paid on notes, presented separately above. 

(3) 
(4)  Not meaningful (nm). 

The following significant items affected the sources and uses of cash:  

Cash provided by operating activities was lower for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same 
period in the prior year, primarily as a result of the following: 

•  Higher cash provided by operating activities at Fort Site for the three months ended December 31, 2023 primarily due to 
timing of working capital payments. Lower cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2023 
primarily due to significantly lower average-realized prices for fertilizer and higher maintenance costs, compared to the 
prior year period;  

• 

Lower cash used by operating activities at Metals Marketing primarily due to timing of customer receipts for the three 
months and year ended December 31, 2023, compared to the prior year periods; 

Sherritt International Corporation 

31   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

•

•

•

•

Lower  cash  provided  by  operating  activities  at  Power  primarily  due  to  higher  production  costs  as  a  result  of  higher
maintenance, partially offset by higher production in the current year periods;

Higher cash used by operating activities at Oil and Gas primarily due to lower receipts on oil and gas service revenue,
additional  maintenance  activities  and  higher  cash  expenditures  for  liabilities  settled  on  environmental  rehabilitation
provisions for legacy Spanish Oil and Gas assets for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023, compared
to the prior year periods;

Lower cash used by operating activities at Corporate primarily due to the timing of working capital payments for the three
months ended December 31, 2023;

In the current year, distributions from the Moa JV were in the form of cobalt pursuant to the Cobalt Swap, for which the
Corporation received $2.7 and $80.3 million in cash from the sale of cobalt (Sherritt and GNC’s redirected share), for the
three months and year ended December 31, 2023, respectively. In addition, $32.0 million of cash was distributed during
the year ended December 31, 2023 from the Moa JV to GNC and re-directed to the Corporation pursuant to the Cobalt
Swap in order for the total value of cobalt and cash distributions to meet the dollar minimum of US$114.0 million.

Included  in  investing  and  financing  activities  for  the  three  months  and  year  ended  December  31,  2023  are  expenditures  on 
property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, advances to the Moa JV and increases in the Credit Facility. In addition, 
investing and financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2023 includes receipts on the GNC receivable and repayments 
of the Energas payable under the Cobalt Swap of $32.0 million and $14.8 million, respectively, and a $7.8 million repurchase of 
PIK Notes. 

RECONCILIATION OF ADJUSTED EBITDA TO CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 

The Corporation’s Adjusted EBITDA(1) reconciles to the change in cash and cash equivalents as follows for the three months and 

year ended December 31, 2023: 

$ millions 

Adjusted EBITDA(1) 
Add (deduct): 

 Moa JV Adjusted EBITDA(1) 
 Distributions from the Moa JV 

 Proceeds from Cobalt Swap - Sherritt share 
 Proceeds from Cobalt Swap - GNC redirected share 
 Cash distributions - Cobalt Swap 

 Interest received 
 Interest paid 
 Net change in non-cash working capital 
 Finished cobalt cost of sales 
 Share-based compensation recovery 
 Share-based compensation payments 
 Loss on environmental rehabilitation provisions 
 Inventory write-down/obsolescence 
 Liabilities settled for environmental rehabilitation provisions 
 Oil and Gas loss from operations, net of 
     depletion, depreciation and amortization 
 Other(2) 

Cash (used) provided by continuing operations for operating activities per 

 financial statements 

Add (deduct): 

 Cash used by discontinued operations 
 Repurchase of notes 
 Increase in loans and borrowings 
 Increase in advances, loans receivable and other financial assets 
 Repayment of other financial liabilities 
 Property, plant, equipment and intangible asset expenditures 
 Receipts of advances, loans receivable and other financial assets 
 Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 
 Other(2) 

Change in cash and cash equivalents 

For the three months ended
December 31, 2023

For the year ended
December 31, 2023

$

(7.0)

$

46.2 

5.0 

1.3 
1.3 
- 
0.7 
(11.6)
(0.2)
1.8 
(1.9)
(0.4)
20.0 
0.8 
(4.2)

(23.3)
(0.4)
(18.1)

(0.3)
- 
40.0 
(15.0)
(0.5)
(5.5)
0.2 
(2.1)
- 
(1.3)

$

(67.2)

40.2 
40.2 
32.0 
2.8 
(28.3)
(93.6)
86.1 
(1.5)
(24.9)
22.9 
9.8 
(5.9)

(30.0)
(0.6)
28.2 

(0.9)
(7.8)
13.0 
(30.0)
(16.8)
(21.3)
32.9 
(2.0)
(0.1)
(4.8)

$

(1)  Non-GAAP and other financial measure.  For additional information see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section. 
(2)  Other is composed of fees paid on repurchases of notes and other finance charges. 

  

The Moa JV’s Adjusted EBTIDA is based on revenue, cost of sales and other expenses recognized by the Moa JV based on the 
accrual method.  Moa JV’s cash and cobalt distributions to the Corporation are determined based on available cash in excess of 
liquidity requirements. Determinants of liquidity include anticipated nickel and cobalt prices, planned spending on capital at the 
Moa JV including growth capital, working capital needs and other expected liquidity requirements.  Available cash is also impacted 
by changes in working capital primarily related to changes in inventory, and timing of receipts and payments, including receipts 
on nickel and cobalt sales subsequent to shipment. 

Capital resources 

CAPITAL RISK MANAGEMENT 

The Corporation’s objectives when managing capital are to maintain financial liquidity and flexibility in order to preserve its ability 
to meet financial obligations throughout the various resource cycles with sufficient capital and capacity to manage unforeseen 
operational and industry developments and to ensure the Corporation has the capital and capacity to allow for business growth 
opportunities and/or to support the growth of its existing businesses.  

Subject to the limitations within the indenture and revolving credit agreements, in order to maintain or adjust its capital structure, 
the Corporation may purchase shares for cancellation pursuant to normal course issuer bids, issue new shares, repay outstanding 
debt,  issue  new  debt  (unsecured,  convertible  and/or  other  types  of  available  debt  instruments),  issue  subscription  receipts 
exchangeable for common shares and/or other securities, issue warrants exercisable to acquire common shares and/or other 
securities, issue units of securities comprised of more than one of equity securities, debt securities, subscription receipts and/or 
warrants, refinance existing debt with different characteristics, acquire or dispose of assets or adjust the amount of cash and short-
term investment balances. 

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS AND COMMITMENTS(1) 

The  following  table  provides  a  summary  of  consolidated  significant  liquidity  and  capital  commitments  based  on  existing 
commitments  and  debt  obligations  (including  accrued  interest).    For  amounts  payable  that  are  not  fixed,  including  mandatory 
redemptions discussed below, the amount disclosed is determined by reference to the conditions existing as at December 31, 
2023. 

Canadian $ millions, as at December 31, 2023 

Total

Falling
due within
1 year

Falling
due
between
1-2 years

Falling
due
between
2-3 years

Falling
due
between
3-4 years

Falling
due
between
4-5 years

Falling
due in
more than
5 years

Trade accounts payable and  

  accrued liabilities 
Income taxes payable  

Second Lien Notes 
       (includes principal, interest and premium) 

PIK Notes 
       (includes principal and interest) 

Credit Facility 
Other non-current financial liabilities 
Provisions 
Energas payable(2) 
Lease liabilities 
Capital commitments 

Total 

$

$

169.2  $
2.2 

169.2  $
2.2 

-  $
- 

-  $
- 

304.4 

18.8 

18.8 

266.8 

112.6 
65.3 
1.3 
214.4 
97.3 
13.3 
7.7 
987.7  $

- 
5.5 
- 
24.4 
17.7 
2.6 
7.7 
248.1  $

- 
59.8 
- 
0.4 
15.5 
2.4 
- 
96.9  $

8.4 
- 
0.1 
2.1 
18.2 
1.3 
- 

296.9  $

-  $
- 

- 

8.4 
- 
- 
13.9 
45.9 
1.3 
- 
69.5  $

-  $
- 

- 

8.4 
- 
- 
9.4 
- 
1.2 
- 
19.0  $

- 
- 

- 

87.4 
- 
1.2 
164.2 
- 
4.5 
- 
257.3 

(1) 

Excludes  the  contractual  obligations  and  commitments  of  the  Moa  JV,  which  are  disclosed  separately  in  the  Supplementary  Information  section  below  and  non-
recourse to the Corporation.  

(2)  Repayment of the Energas payable is from Energas to GNC in Cuban pesos in Cuba and does not impact cash in Canada. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

33   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

SECOND LIEN NOTES  

As at December 31, 2023, the outstanding principal amount of the Second Lien Notes is $221.3 million (December 31, 2022 – 
$221.3 million) and the notes mature on November 30, 2026.  Interest is payable semi-annually in cash in April and October. 

The  indenture  governing  the  Second  Lien  Notes  (the  “Second  Lien  Notes  Indenture”)  requires  mandatory  redemptions  from 
excess cash (subject to the minimum liquidity condition noted below and the other terms and conditions set forth in the Second 
Lien Notes Indenture). The mandatory Excess Cash Flow redemption provision is in effect beginning with the two-quarter period 
ending  June  30,  2021  and  mandatory  redemptions  are  based  on  Excess  Cash  Flow  (a  measure  calculated  based  on  cash 
provided (used) by operating activities excluding Energas, less sustaining property, plant and equipment expenditures excluding 
Energas, plus  all cash  distributed by Energas to the  Corporation held  in  Canada,  including cash  distributions received by the 
Corporation from GNC pursuant to the Cobalt Swap and its assumption of the Energas CSA), which mandatory redemption shall 
be required to be made only if the Corporation has minimum liquidity of $75.0 million calculated in accordance with the Second 
Lien Notes Indenture. Expected mandatory Excess Cash Flow redemptions have been included in the calculation of the effective 
interest rate of the Second Lien Notes. 

For the two-quarter period ended December 31, 2023, Excess Cash Flow, as defined in the Second Lien Notes Indenture was 
negative. As a result, no mandatory redemptions will be required on the interest payment date in April 2024. 

The minimum liquidity amount is defined in the Second Lien Notes Indenture as all unrestricted cash, cash equivalents and short-
term investments measured in accordance with IFRS, held by the Corporation and its restricted subsidiaries in bank accounts 
located in Canada, less the principal amount drawn on the syndicated revolving-term credit facility, plus the total amount of cash 
used on all repurchases of Second Lien Notes and 10.75% unsecured PIK option notes due 2029 during the relevant two-fiscal 
quarter period.  There were no repurchases of notes during the two-quarter period ended December 31, 2023. 

The Second Lien Notes also include an option for the Corporation to redeem all or part of the notes outstanding prior to maturity 
at a price equal to 107% of the principal amount so redeemed, which was determined to be an embedded derivative. The fair 
value of this embedded derivative was nominal at inception and has not been presented separately from the Second Lien Notes 
within the Corporation’s consolidated statements of financial position.   

The Second Lien Notes Indenture provides for a 7% premium on (i) any optional early redemptions made at the election of the 
Corporation prior to maturity as mentioned above, and (ii) on repayment on the maturity date, provided that the aggregate amount 
of all premium payments paid by Sherritt with respect to the foregoing shall collectively not be less than $25.0 million.  Mandatory 
redemptions do not incur a premium and ultimately do not affect the timing of when this 7% premium is paid.  This premium is due 
upon the earlier of optional redemption and maturity of the Second Lien Notes and is accreted over the life of the instrument. 

Under the Second Lien Notes Indenture, the Corporation is subject to various restrictions, which limit, among other things, the 
incurrence of indebtedness, liens, asset sales and payment of distributions and other restricted payments, unless certain financial 
ratios are met and subject to certain customary carve-outs and permissions, often referred to as “baskets”.  If the ratio of earnings 
before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”)-to-interest expense, both as defined in the agreement, is above 
2.5:1,  unsecured  debt  can  be  incurred  without  the  use  of  a  basket  and  restricted  payments  can  be  made  to  the  extent  the 
Corporation has sufficient room in an applicable basket, including the “builder basket” as calculated under the Second Lien Notes 
Indenture. As at December 31, 2023, the Corporation met the required financial ratio and has the capacity to make restricted 
payments up to $85.9 million. 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Corporation repurchased nil principal of the Second Lien Notes. During the year 
ended December 31, 2022, the Corporation repurchased $129.2 million of principal of the Second Lien Notes on the open market 
at a cost of $114.2 million, plus $1.1 million of accrued interest, resulting in a gain on repurchase of notes of $11.2 million (note 
8). 

PIK NOTES  

As at December 31, 2023, the outstanding principal amount of the PIK Notes is $63.4 million (December 31, 2022 - $70.8 million) 
and the notes mature on August 31, 2029.  Interest is payable semi-annually in cash or in-kind, at Sherritt’s election, in January 
and July.  Expected payments of interest in-kind until the maturity of the note have been included in the calculation of the effective 
interest rate.   

  

 
 
 
During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Corporation repurchased $11.2 million of principal of the PIK Notes at a cost of 
$7.8 million, plus $0.1 million of accrued interest, resulting in a gain on repurchase of notes of $3.5 million (note 8).  During the 
year ended December 31, 2022, the Corporation repurchased $19.9 million of principal of the PIK Notes at a cost of $10.9 million, 
plus $0.7 million of accrued interest, resulting in a gain on repurchase of notes of $9.7 million (note 8). 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, in accordance with the terms of the PIK Notes Indenture, the Corporation elected not 
to pay cash interest due in January 2023 of $3.8 million and added the payment-in-kind interest to the principal amount owed to 
noteholders and the Corporation paid the July 2023 interest payment on the PIK Notes of $3.4 million in cash.  During the year 
ended December 31, 2022, in accordance with the terms of the PIK Notes Indenture, the Corporation elected not to pay cash 
interest of $8.1 million on the PIK Notes and added the payment in-kind interest to the principal amount owed to noteholders. 

Subsequent to period end, in accordance with the terms of the PIK Notes Indenture, the Corporation elected not to pay cash 
interest due in January 2024 of $3.4 million and added the payment-in-kind interest to the principal amount owed to noteholders. 

CREDIT FACILITY 

As at December 31, 2023, the outstanding principal amount of the Credit Facility is $58.0 million (December 31, 2022 - $45.0 
million) and the Credit Facility matures on April 30, 2025.   

The maximum credit available is $100.0 million and the interest rates are bankers’ acceptance plus 4.00%. Borrowings on the 
Credit Facility are available to fund working capital and capital expenditures. Borrowings under the Credit Facility for spending on 
capital expenditures cannot exceed $75.0 million in a fiscal year. This restriction does not apply to capital expenditures of Moa 
Nickel S.A. The total available draw is based on eligible receivables and inventories, which are pledged as collateral. Certain cash 
held in banks in Canada is also pledged as collateral. 

The facility is subject to the following financial covenants and restrictions: 

•  Net Available Cash covenant, as defined in the agreement, of $25.0 million. The amount compared against this covenant 
is  composed  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  short-term  investments  of  the  Corporation  and  its  wholly-owned 
subsidiaries held in Canada, plus undrawn amounts on the Credit Facility; 

•  Senior Secured Net Debt-to-EBITDA covenant, as defined in the agreement, of less than 2:1. Senior Secured Net Debt 
is calculated as first-lien debt, or amounts drawn on the Credit Facility, any derivative liability and any additional security 
ranked equal to first-lien debt, less cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of the Corporation and its 
wholly-owned subsidiaries held in Canada up to $25.0 million. EBITDA is calculated on a trailing 12-month basis with 
Energas included on a cash basis; 

•  EBITDA-to-Interest Expense covenant, as defined in the agreement, of not less than 1.5:1 prior to September 30, 2022 
and not less than 2:1 thereafter. EBITDA is calculated on a trailing 12-month basis with Energas included on a cash 
basis. Interest expense excludes the payment-in-kind (PIK) interest on the Corporation’s PIK Notes; and 

•  Minimum Tangible Net Worth covenant, as defined in the agreement, of $600.0 million plus 50% of positive net earnings. 
Tangible Net Worth is calculated as total assets, less intangible assets, less amounts drawn on the Credit Facility, less 
the principal amount of the Second Lien Notes, less the principal amount of the PIK Notes, less any derivative liability 
and less any additional secured financing ranked equal to first-lien debt. 

As at December 31, 2023, the Corporation was in compliance with all Credit Facility covenants. 

As at December 31, 2023, the Corporation has $0.5 million of letters of credit outstanding pursuant to this facility (December 31, 
2022 - $0.5 million).  

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023,  the  Credit  Facility  was  amended  to  (i)  add  an  accordion  feature,  which  allows 
additional lenders to join the Credit Facility and increase the maximum credit available by up to $25.0 million, subject to certain 
conditions,  (ii)  increase  the  permitted  debt  outside  of  the  Credit  Facility  from  $25.0  million  to  $35.0  million  and  (iii)  extend  its 
maturity for one year from April 30, 2024 to April 30, 2025, with no other significant changes to the terms, financial covenants or 
restrictions. 

In May 2022, Sherritt received consent from its lenders to expand the allowable use of proceeds to include repurchases of its 
notes. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

35   

 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

GUARANTEES 

On October 29, 2021, the environmental rehabilitation obligations held by the Corporation’s Spanish Oil and Gas operations were 
secured by a parent company guarantee of €31.5 million until December 31, 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2023, a 
new parent company guarantee was signed with a four-year term valid until December 31, 2027 and a guaranteed amount of 
€35.8 million. The parent company guarantee has no impact on the Corporation’s available liquidity. 

CAPITAL STRUCTURE 

$ millions, except as otherwise noted 

Loans and borrowings 
Other financial liabilities(1) 
Total debt 
Shareholders' equity 
Total debt-to-capital(2) 

Common shares outstanding 
Stock options outstanding 

2023
December 31 

2022
December 31 

Change

$

$

355.6  $
97.1 
452.7  $
613.6 
42%

350.9  
170.2  
521.1  
694.9  
43% 

397,288,680 
6,612,673 

397,288,680  
2,701,741  

1%
(43%)
(13%)
(12%)
(2%)

 -
145%

(1)  Other financial liabilities include the Energas payable recognized as a result of the Cobalt Swap, as described in the Liquidity section of this MD&A. 
(2)  Calculated as total debt divided by the sum of total debt and shareholders’ equity. 

COMMON SHARES 

As at February 7, 2024, the Corporation had 397,288,680 common shares outstanding.  An additional 6,582,573 common shares 
are issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options granted to employees pursuant to the Corporation’s stock option plan.  

  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Managing risk 

For the purposes of this section, all capitalized terms that are not specifically defined herein, have the meaning ascribed to them 
in the 2022 AIF. 

Sherritt manages a number of risks in each of its businesses in order to achieve an acceptable level of risk without appreciably 
hindering its ability to maximize returns. Management has procedures to identify and manage significant operational and financial 
risks. Significant risks include, amongst others: 

Liquidity and Access to Capital 

•  Commodity Risk 
•  Securities Market Fluctuations and Price Volatility 
• 
•  Risks Related to Sherritt’s Operations in Cuba 
•  Risks Related to U.S. Government Policy Towards Cuba 
•  Restrictions in Debt Instruments, Debt Covenants and Mandatory Repayments 
•  Environmental Risks and Liabilities 
•  Risks in relation to Information Technologies Systems and Cybersecurity 
• 
•  Depletion of Reserves 
•  Reliance on Partners 
•  Mining, Processing and Refining Risks 
•  Operating Risks 
•  Project Operations – Generally and Capital and Operating Cost Estimates 
•  Equipment Failure and Other Unexpected Failures 

Identification and Management of Growth Opportunities 

COMMODITY RISK 

Sherritt’s principal businesses include the sale of several commodities. Revenues, earnings and cash flows from the sale of 
nickel,  cobalt,  oil  and  fertilizers  are  sensitive  to  changes  in  market  prices,  over  which  the  Corporation  has  no  control.  The 
Corporation’s  earnings  and  financial  condition  depend  largely  upon  the  market  prices  for  nickel,  cobalt,  fertilizer  and  other 
commodities, which are volatile. Significant reductions in commodity prices or sustained low commodity prices could have  a 
material  adverse  effect  on  the  Corporation’s  business,  results  of  operations  and  financial  performance.  The  prices  for 
commodities  produced  by  the  Corporation  can  be  affected  by  numerous  factors  beyond  the  Corporation’s  control,  including 
expectations  for  inflation,  speculative  activities,  relative  exchange  rates  to  the  U.S. dollar,  production  activities  of  mining 
companies, global and regional supply and demand, supply and market prices for substitute commodities, international trade 
dynamics and disputes, political and economic conditions, global conflicts and hostilities and production costs in major producing 
regions. The prices for these commodities have fluctuated widely in recent years. Forecasts of commodity prices can prove to 
be inaccurate as factors such as supply and demand fundamentals (including the potential growth in the electric vehicle market), 
speculative market participation by financial entities, and structural and economic changes may not behave as predicted. 

Sherritt’s current businesses are dependent upon commodity inputs such as natural gas, sulphur, sulphuric acid, electricity, fuel 
oil, diesel and materials that are subject to prevailing commodity prices. Costs and earnings from the use of these products are 
sensitive to changes in market prices over which Sherritt has no control. 

SECURITIES MARKET FLUCTUATIONS AND PRICE VOLATILITY 

The  securities  markets  in  Canada  and  elsewhere  can  experience  significant  price  and  volume  volatility  which  can  affect  the 
prices  of  Sherritt’s  securities.  The  prices  of  Sherritt’s  securities  have  been,  and  may  continue  to  be,  affected  by  this  market 
volatility, as well as varying in response to a number of other events and factors. These factors may include, but are not limited 
to: the price of products and commodities; realized prices for production; global demand for electric vehicles and the anticipated 
corresponding  demand  for  cobalt  and  nickel;  political  and  macro-economic  factors,  including  global  conflicts  and  hostilities; 
Sherritt’s operating performance; the public’s reaction to the Corporation’s press releases, other public announcements and the 
Corporation’s filings with the various securities regulatory authorities; and changes in earnings estimates or recommendations 
by research analysts who trade Sherritt securities or the securities of other companies in the resource sector. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

37   

 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Securities of the Corporation listed on these markets or traded over the counter can experience wide fluctuations which are not 
necessarily related to the operating performance, underlying asset values or prospects of the Corporation. Such securities can 
be affected by a number of factors outside the Corporation’s control and which affect the price and value of securities more 
generally, these factors may include, but are not limited to: changes in interest rates, tax policy, international trade dynamics 
and disputes, political and macro-economic factors, including global conflicts and hostilities, as well as economic growth rates. 
As such, the Corporation’s securities have been, and could continue to be, subject to significant volatility in trading volumes and 
market prices. There can be no assurance that the market price of the Corporation’s securities will accurately reflect the value 
of  the  Corporation’s  underlying  assets  and  future  business  prospects  at  any  time  (including  the  value  of  its  interests  in 
commodities and their current and forecast market prices). 

LIQUIDITY AND ACCESS TO CAPITAL 

Sherritt’s ability to fund its capital and operating expenses and to meet its financial obligations depends on being able to generate 
sufficient cash flow from its operations and its ability to obtain additional financing and/or refinance its existing credit facilities 
and loans on terms that are acceptable to the Corporation. As noted in the risk factor entitled “Commodity Risk” above, Sherritt’s 
earnings and financial condition are highly dependent upon the market prices for nickel, cobalt and other commodities, which 
are highly volatile in nature. Depending upon commodity prices in particular, Sherritt may find itself unable to access sufficient 
capital to fund its operations in the manner required for the long-term viability of the business and/or remain in compliance with 
its debt covenants. There can be no assurance that Sherritt will have sufficient funds to repay its outstanding Second Lien Notes 
and Junior Notes at maturity, nor can there be any assurance that Sherritt will be able to refinance its Notes or raise funds in the 
equity capital markets on terms and conditions that would be acceptable. Failure to provide adequate funds to its operations, 
execute growth strategies, replace depleted reserves or meet or refinance its financial obligations could have a material adverse 
effect on Sherritt’s business, results of operations and financial performance. 

Sherritt’s current financing includes, among other things, the Syndicated Facility. The total available draw under the Syndicated 
Facility  is  based  on  eligible  receivables  and  inventory.  If  prices  for  nickel  and  cobalt  decline,  this  could  result  in  a  material 
reduction in the amount of funding available under the Syndicated Facility. Certain debt covenants under the Syndicated Facility 
are based on ratios involving the Corporation’s EBITDA and/or interest expense and other covenants require the maintenance 
of minimum cash balances. The Corporation’s ability to satisfy these covenants could also be negatively affected by decreases 
in commodity prices. As a result, there can be no assurance that this Syndicated Facility can be extended or renewed at any 
time,  or  otherwise  replaced  with  a  different  credit  facility  on  similar terms,  or  that  required  consent  or  waivers  under  the 
Syndicated Facility will be provided without concessions on the part of the Corporation or at all. 

Agencies of the Cuban government have significant payment obligations to the Corporation in connection with the Corporation’s 
operations in Cuba. Although the risk associated with payment of these obligations may be mitigated by the Cobalt Swap, this 
exposure to the Cuban government and its potential inability to timely or fully pay such amounts could have a material adverse 
effect on the Corporation’s financial condition and results of operations. Please see the risk factor  entitled “Risks Related to 
Sherritt’s Operations in Cuba” for additional information. Please see the risk factor entitled “Restrictions in Debt Instruments and 
Debt  Covenants  and  Mandatory  Repayments”  for  more  information  on  Sherritt’s  loans  and  borrowings  and  on  the  effect  of 
non-compliance with certain debt covenants. 

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RISKS RELATED TO SHERRITT’S OPERATIONS IN CUBA 

The Corporation directly or indirectly holds significant interests in mining, metals processing and the generation of electricity in 
Cuba. The operations of the Cuban businesses and the ability of the Cuban Government to fulfil payment obligations to the 
Corporation may be affected by economic and other pressures on Cuba. Risks include, but are not limited to, fluctuations in 
official or convertible currency exchange rates, access to foreign currency, and high rates of inflation. In addition, in 2021 and 
thereafter, Cuba has experienced increased hardships as a result of the impact of COVID-19 and continued U.S. sanctions, 
impacting the country’s tourism and other industries, hampering the country’s foreign currency liquidity and resulting in prolonged 
border  closures,  fuel,  food  and  medicine  shortages,  electricity  outages  and  sporadic  civil  demonstrations.  The  former  U.S. 
administration increased its sanctions against Cuba and its trading partners and these measures had  an adverse impact on 
Cuba  and  its  economy,  as  well  as  its  ability  to  conduct  international  trade.  On  January  12,  2021,  the  former  administration 
designated  Cuba  as  a  State  Sponsor  of  Terrorism,  and  on  May  25,  2021  that  designation  was  renewed  by  the  current 
administration.  On May 16, 2022, the current U.S. administration indicated some measures will be relaxed related to expanding 
communication, travel and commerce between the U.S and Cuba. However, the relaxation of these measures has been modest 
and does not affect the former U.S administration’s designation of Cuba as a State Sponsor of Terrorism. Changes in regulations 
and political attitudes are beyond the control of Sherritt and may adversely affect its business. Operations may be affected in 
varying  degrees  by  such  factors  as  Cuban  Government  regulations  with  respect  to  currency  conversion,  production,  project 
approval  and  execution,  price  controls,  import  and  export  controls,  income  taxes  or  reinvestment  credits,  expropriation  of 
property, environmental legislation, land use, water use and mine and plant safety. Cuba may also be adversely impacted by 
risks associated with the imposition by other countries globally of additional economic restrictions or sanctions, or the indirect 
impact on Cuba of sanctions imposed on other countries (such as Russia and Belarus, for example) that could have a material 
adverse effect on Cuba or on Sherritt’s ability to operate in Cuba. 

Operations in Cuba may also be affected by the fact that, as a Caribbean nation, Cuba regularly experiences hurricanes and 
tropical storms of varying intensities. The risk of damage is dependent upon such factors as intensity, footprint, wind direction 
and the amount of precipitation associated with the storm and tidal surges. While the Corporation, its joint venture partners and 
agencies of the Government of Cuba maintain comprehensive disaster plans and the Corporation’s Cuban facilities have been 
constructed to the extent reasonably possible to minimize damage, there can be no guarantee against severe property damage 
and disruptions to operations. 

There is increased demand from downstream customers that electronics, automotive and other manufacturers demonstrate that 
their product supply chains are ethical and responsible. Such responsible sourcing requirements are affecting the metals sector 
broadly. Requests for assurance of a responsible cobalt supply chain from the refinery to the mine site are increasingly being 
received  by  downstream  customers  of  the  Corporation.  The  Corporation  believes  that  its  supply  of  minerals  is  ethical  and 
responsible and in order to demonstrate this the Corporation is engaged in activities to implement policies and due diligence 
systems  to  independently  verify  that  its  mineral  supply  chain  conforms  to  internationally  accepted  best  practices.  While  the 
Corporation is committed to demonstrating a responsible supply of minerals, the Corporation has no control over the purchasing 
decisions of its customers or the factors on which they are based and there is no guarantee that the Corporation’s efforts will 
mitigate this potential risk. Please see also the risk factor entitled “Risks Related to U.S. Government Policy Towards Cuba”. 

The Cuban Government has allowed, for more than two decades, foreign entities to repatriate profits out of Cuba. However, 
there can be no assurance that allowing foreign investment and profit repatriation will continue or that a change in economic 
conditions  will  not  result  in  a  change  in  the  policies  of  the  Cuban  Government  or  the  imposition  of  more  stringent  foreign 
investment or foreign exchange restrictions. Such changes are beyond the control of Sherritt and the effect of any such changes 
cannot be accurately predicted. 

All electricity sales made by Energas in Cuba would be made to an agency of the Government of Cuba. The access of the Cuban 
Government to foreign exchange is severely limited. As a consequence, from time to time, the Cuban agencies have had difficulty 
in discharging their foreign currency obligations. During such times, Sherritt has worked with these agencies in order to ensure 
that Sherritt’s operations continue to generate positive cash flow to the extent possible. However, there is a risk, beyond the 
control of Sherritt, that receivables and contractual performance due from Cuban entities will not be paid or performed in a timely 
manner, or at all.  

Sherritt International Corporation 

39   

 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

In 2022, Sherritt finalized the Cobalt Swap with its Cuban Partners to recover $368 million of total outstanding receivables. In 
2023, the Moa Joint Venture distributed 100% of the annual maximum cobalt volume pursuant to the Cobalt Swap and paid cash 
distributions in order for the total value of cobalt and cash distributions to meet the annual dollar minimum of US$114.0 million 
(100%  basis)  pursuant  to  the  Cobalt  Swap.    While  the  Cobalt  Swap  agreement  contains  default  and  retroactive  interest 
provisions in the event that the total outstanding principal amount is not repaid by December 31, 2027, there can be no assurance 
that it will be repaid by maturity, as cobalt and cash distributions are at the discretion of the Board of Directors of the Moa Joint 
Venture and subject to its available liquidity and finished cobalt production to make such distributions to the Corporation. 

Sherritt  is  entitled  to  the  benefit  of  certain  assurances  received  from  the  Government  of  Cuba  and  certain  agencies  of  the 
Government of Cuba that protect it in many circumstances from adverse changes in law, although such changes remain beyond 
the control of the Corporation and the effect of any such changes cannot be accurately predicted. 

RISKS RELATED TO U.S. GOVERNMENT POLICY TOWARDS CUBA 

The United States has maintained a general embargo against Cuba since the early 1960s, and the enactment in 1996 of the 
Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity (Libertad) Act (commonly known as the “Helms-Burton Act”) extended the reach of the 
U.S. embargo.  

The U.S. Embargo 

In its current form, apart from the Helms-Burton Act, the embargo applies to most transactions directly or indirectly involving 
Cuba, Cuban enterprises, Cuban-origin goods, and Cuban nationals and it bars all persons “subject to the jurisdiction of the 
United  States”  from  participating  in  such  transactions  unless  such  persons  have  general  or  specific  licenses  from  the  U.S. 
Department  of  the  Treasury  (“U.S.  Treasury”)  authorizing  their  participation  in  the  transactions.  Persons  “subject  to  the 
jurisdiction of the United States” include U.S. citizens, U.S. residents, individuals or enterprises located in the United States, 
enterprises  organized  under  U.S.  laws  and  enterprises  owned  or  controlled  by  any  of  the  foregoing.  Subsidiaries  of  U.S. 
enterprises are subject to the embargo’s prohibitions. The embargo also targets dealings directly or indirectly involving entities 
deemed to be owned or controlled by Cuba and listed as specially designated nationals (“SDNs”). The three entities constituting 
the  Moa  Joint  Venture  in  which  Sherritt  holds  an  indirect  50%  interest  have  been  deemed  SDNs  by  U.S.  Treasury.  Sherritt, 
however, is not an SDN. The U.S. embargo generally prohibits persons “subject to the jurisdiction of the United States” from 
engaging in transactions involving the Cuban-related businesses of the Corporation, and may in certain circumstances restrict 
the  ability  of  persons  subject  to  the  jurisdiction  of  the  U.S.  from  engaging  in  transactions  with  Sherritt  more  generally. 
Furthermore, generally U.S.-origin technology, U.S.-origin goods, and many goods produced from U.S.-origin components or 
with  U.S.-origin  technology  cannot  under  U.S.  law  be  transferred  to  Cuba  or  used  in  the  Corporation’s  operations  in  Cuba. 
Additionally, the embargo also prohibits imports into the United States of Cuban-origin goods, of goods located in or transported 
from or through Cuba, or of foreign goods made or derived, in whole or in part, of Cuban-origin goods, including Cuban nickel. 
In 1992, Canada issued an order pursuant to the Foreign Extraterritorial Measures Act (Canada) to block the application of the 
U.S. embargo under Canadian law to Canadian subsidiaries of U.S. enterprises. However, the general embargo limits Sherritt’s 
access to U.S. capital, financing sources, customers, and suppliers. Persons subject to the jurisdiction of the United States are 
advised to consult their independent advisors before acquiring common shares of Sherritt. 

The Helms Burton Act 

Separately from the general provisions of the embargo summarized above, the Helms-Burton Act authorizes sanctions on U.S. 
or  non-U.S.  individuals  or  entities  that  “traffic”  in  Cuban  property  that  was  confiscated  by  the  Cuban  Government  from  U.S. 
nationals or from persons who have become U.S. nationals. The term “traffic” includes various forms of use of Cuban property 
as well as “profiting from” or “participating in” the trafficking of others. 

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The Helms-Burton Act authorizes damage lawsuits to be brought in U.S. courts by U.S. claimants against those “trafficking” in 
the claimants’ confiscated property. All Presidents of the United States in office since the enactment of the Helms-Burton Act 
have  suspended  the  right  of  claimants  for  successive  six-month  periods  until  the  former  U.S.  administration  ceased  such 
suspensions  and  allowed  Title  III  to  come  into  effect  on  May  2,  2019.  Since  that  time  a  number  of  lawsuits  have  been  filed 
pursuant to Title III in the United States against companies in the U.S., Canada and elsewhere. The Corporation has received 
letters in the past from U.S. nationals claiming ownership of certain Cuban properties or rights in which the Corporation has an 
indirect interest, including in relation to claims certified by the U.S. Foreign Claims Settlement Commission. However, Sherritt 
has not been subjected to any lawsuits in this regard. In the event that any such lawsuits were to be  filed, Sherritt does not 
believe that its operations would be materially affected because Sherritt’s current minimal contacts with the United States would 
likely deprive any U.S. court of personal jurisdiction over Sherritt. Furthermore, even if personal jurisdiction were exercised, any 
successful U.S. claimant would currently have to seek enforcement of the U.S. court judgment outside the U.S. in order to reach 
material Sherritt assets. Management believes it unlikely that a court in Canada or in any country in which Sherritt has material 
assets would enforce a Helms-Burton Act judgment against it. 

The Foreign Extraterritorial Measures Act (Canada) was amended as of January 1, 1997 to provide that any judgment given 
under  the  Helms-Burton  Act  will  not  be  recognized  or  enforceable  in  any  manner  in  Canada  and  certain  other  countries 
implemented “blocking statutes” at that time. The amendments to the Canadian statute permit the Attorney General of Canada 
to declare, by order, that a Canadian corporation may sue for and recover in Canada any loss or damage it may have suffered 
by reason of the enforcement of a Helms-Burton Act judgment abroad. In such a proceeding, the Canadian court could order 
the seizure and sale of any property in which the defendant (i.e., a claimant under the Helms-Burton Act) has a direct or indirect 
beneficial interest, or the property of any person who controls or is a member of a group of persons that controls, in law or in 
fact, the defendant. The property seized and sold could include shares of any company incorporated under the laws of Canada 
or a province. 

The Government of Canada also responded to the Helms-Burton Act through diplomatic channels. Other countries, such as the 
members of the European Union and the Organization of American States, have expressed their strong opposition to the Helms- 
Burton Act as well. 

Nevertheless, the threat of potential litigation creates a distraction from constructive business operations and may discourage 
some potential investors, lenders, suppliers and customers from doing business with Sherritt and there can be no assurance 
that any litigation against Sherritt pursuant to the Helms-Burton Act would not ultimately be successful or have a material adverse 
effect on Sherritt’s business, results of operations or financial performance. 

In addition to authorizing private lawsuits, the Helms-Burton Act also authorizes the U.S. Secretary of State and the U.S. Attorney 
General to exclude from the United States those aliens who engage in certain “trafficking” activities, as well as those aliens who 
are corporate officers, principals, or controlling shareholders of “traffickers” or who are spouses, minor children, or agents of 
such excludable persons. The U.S. Department of State has deemed Sherritt’s indirect 50% interest in Moa Nickel S.A. to be a 
form of “trafficking” under the Helms-Burton Act. In their capacities as officers of the Corporation, certain individuals have been 
excluded from entry into the U.S. under this provision. Management does not believe the exclusion from entry into the U.S. of 
such individuals will have any material effect on the conduct of the Corporation’s business. 

The U.S. Department of State has issued guidelines for the implementation of the immigration provision, which state that it is 
“not sufficient in itself for a determination” of exclusion that a person “has merely had business dealings with a person” deemed 
to be “trafficking”. 

The  embargo  has  been,  and  may  be,  amended  from  time  to  time,  including  the  Helms-Burton  Act,  and  therefore  the  U.S. 
sanctions applicable to transactions with Cuba may become more or less stringent. The stringency and longevity of the U.S. 
laws relating to Cuba are likely to continue to be functions of political developments in the United States and Cuba, over which 
Sherritt has no control. The former U.S. administration increased its sanctions against Cuba and its trading partners and these 
measures have had an adverse impact on Cuba and its economy, as well as its ability to conduct international trade. The pace 
and  extent  of  any  future  changes  are  uncertain  and  beyond  Sherritt’s  control.  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  general 
embargo and the Helms-Burton Act will not have a material adverse effect on the Corporation’s business, results of operations 
or financial performance. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

41   

 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

RESTRICTIONS IN DEBT INSTRUMENTS, DEBT COVENANTS AND MANDATORY REPAYMENTS 

Sherritt is a party to certain agreements in connection with the syndicated facility, as well as the trust indenture governing the 
outstanding  Second  Lien  Notes  and  the  Junior  Notes  (collectively,  the  indentures).  These  agreements  and  loans  contain 
covenants which restrict Sherritt’s activities including without limitation, permitted investments, the incurrence of indebtedness, 
liens, asset sales, payment of distributions and other restricted payments which could have the effect of restricting Sherritt’s 
ability to react to changes in Sherritt’s business or to local and global economic conditions. In addition, Sherritt’s ability to comply 
with these covenants and other terms of its indebtedness may be affected by changes in the Corporation’s business, local or 
global  economic  conditions  or  other  events  beyond  the  Corporation’s  control.  Failure  by  Sherritt  to  comply  with  any  of  the 
covenants  contained  in  the  indentures,  the  syndicated  facility  or  any  future  debt  instruments  or  credit  agreements,  could 
materially adversely affect the Corporation’s business, results of operations, and financial performance. 

ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS AND LIABILITIES 

The Corporation is subject to risks related to environmental liability, including liability for reclamation costs and related liabilities, 
tailings facility failures and toxic gas releases. Mining, like many other extractive natural resource industries, is subject to potential 
risks  and  liabilities  associated  with  the  effects  on  the  environment  resulting  from  mineral  development  and  production. 
Environmental  regulation  and  increasing  environmental  awareness  is  broadening  the  scope  of  environmental  stewardship 
responsibilities. The Corporation may be held responsible for the costs of addressing contamination at, or arising from, current 
or  former  activities.  The  costs  associated  with  such  responsibilities  and  liabilities  may  be  substantial.  The  payment  of  such 
liabilities would reduce funds otherwise available and could have a material adverse effect on the Corporation.  Additionally, the 
Corporation recognizes that material non-compliances would likely impact its social license to operate, the costs of which are 
indefinable,  but  may  be  significant  in  scope.  An  example  of  such  liabilities  are  the  environmental  rehabilitation  obligations 
associated with the Corporation’s legacy Oil and Gas assets in Spain. 

As part of the normal course of business, environmental and regulatory authorities may conduct periodic or annual inspections 
of the Corporation’s tailings facility, and as a result of these inspections, the Corporation may be required to modify its tailings 
management approach, complete additional monitoring work or take remedial actions. Liabilities resulting from non-compliance, 
damage,  regulatory  orders  or  demands,  or  similar,  could  adversely  and  materially  affect  the  Corporation’s  operations  and 
financial performance. 

The Corporation has an obligation under applicable mining, oil and gas and environmental legislation to reclaim certain lands 
that it disturbs during mining, oil and gas production or other industrial activities. The Corporation is required to provide financial 
security to certain government authorities or third parties for some of its future reclamation costs.  Currently, the Corporation 
provides  this  reclamation  security  by  way  of  bank  guarantees,  corporate  guarantees  and  irrevocable  letters  of  credit  issued 
under its Syndicated Facility. The Corporation may be unable to obtain adequate financial security or may be required to replace 
its  existing  security  with  more  expensive  forms  of  security,  including  cash  deposits,  which  would  reduce  cash  available  for 
operations. In addition, any increase in costs associated with reclamation and mine closure or termination of oil and gas field 
operations  resulting  from  changes  in  the  applicable  legislation  (including  any  additional  bonding  requirements)  could  have  a 
material adverse effect on the Corporation’s business, results of operations and financial performance. 

In order to adequately prepare for operational changes or closure of its operating sites, Sherritt has estimated environmental 
rehabilitation  provisions  that  management  believes  will  meet  current  regulatory  requirements.  These  future  provisions  are 
estimated by management using closure plans and other similar plans which outline the requirements that are expected to be 
carried out to meet the provisions. The provisions are dependent on legislative and regulatory requirements which could change. 
Given that the estimate of provisions is based on future expectations, a number of assumptions and judgments are made by 
management in the determination of these provisions which may prove to be incorrect. As a result, estimates may change from 
time to time and actual payments to settle the provisions may differ from those estimated and such differences may be material. 

In  2002  Dynatec  acquired  Highwood  Resources  and  in  2007  Sherritt  International  acquired  Dynatec  and  its  assets.  This 
purchase included liabilities and reclamation obligations for three closed mine assets that are being administered by Sherritt 
International Corporation. Reclamation, monitoring, reporting, and contact with regulators is ongoing for each of the sites. 

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RISKS IN RELATION TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES SYSTEMS AND CYBERSECURITY 

The  global  mining  industry  has  seen  a  rise  in  cybersecurity  threats  and  the  Corporation  may  be  negatively  affected  by 
cybersecurity  incidents  or  other  IT  systems  disruption.  The  Corporation  relies  heavily  on  its  information  technology  systems 
including, without limitation, its networks, equipment, hardware, software, telecommunications, and other information technology 
(collectively,  “IT  systems”),  and  the  IT  systems  of  its  vendors  and  third  party  service  providers,  to  operate  its  business  as  a 
whole,  including  mining  operations.  Although  the  Corporation  has  not  experienced  any  material  losses  to  date  relating  to 
cybersecurity, or other IT systems disruptions, there can be no assurance that the Corporation will not incur such losses in the 
future. Despite the Corporation’s mitigation efforts including implementing an IT systems security risk management framework, 
the  risk  and  exposure  to  these  threats  cannot  be  fully  mitigated  because  of,  among  other  things,  the  evolving  nature  of 
cybersecurity threats. As a result, cybersecurity and the continued development and enhancement of controls, processes and 
practices designed to protect IT systems from cybersecurity threats remain a priority. As these threats continue to evolve, the 
Corporation  may  be  required  to  expend  additional  resources  to  continue  to  modify  or  enhance  protective  measures  or  to 
investigate  and  remediate  any  cybersecurity  vulnerabilities.  Any  cybersecurity  incidents  or  other  IT  systems  disruption  could 
result in production downtimes, operational delays, destruction or corruption of data, security breaches, financial losses from 
remedial  actions,  the  theft  or  other  compromising  of  confidential  or  otherwise  protected  information,  fines  and  lawsuits,  or 
damage  to  the  Corporation’s  reputation.  Any  such  occurrence  could  have  an  adverse  impact  on  the  Corporation’s  financial 
condition and operations. 

The Corporation may also be negatively impacted by the rise of disruptive technologies including robotics, automation, and data 
analytics should it not adapt to these technological advancements in a timely manner. 

IDENTIFICATION AND MANAGEMENT OF GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES 

In order to manage its current operations and any future growth effectively, Sherritt must examine opportunities to replace and 
expand its reserves through the exploration of its existing properties and through acquisitions of interests in new properties or 
of  interests  in  companies  which  own  such  properties.  The  Corporation’s  growth  strategy  depends  on  pursuing  a  range  of 
expansion opportunities, including without limitation, process technology solutions, the commercialization of certain proprietary 
technologies and services, development projects, commercial implementation opportunities, life of mine extension opportunities 
and  the  conversion  of  mineral  resources  to  reserves.  In  addition  to  the  risks  noted  above,  factors  that  could,  alone  or  in 
combination, prevent the Corporation from successfully achieving these opportunities may include, without limitation: identifying 
suitable  commercialization  and  other  partners;  successfully  advancing  discussions  and  successfully  concluding  applicable 
agreements with external parties and/or partners; successfully attracting required financing; successfully developing and proving 
technology required for the potential opportunity; successfully overcoming technical and technological challenges; successful 
environmental  assessment  and  stakeholder  engagement;  successfully  obtaining  intellectual  property  protection;  successfully 
completing  test  work  and  engineering  studies,  prefeasibility  and  feasibility  studies,  piloting,  scaling  from  small  scale  to  large 
scale  production,  commissioning,  procurement,  construction,  commissioning,  ramp-up  to  commercial  scale  production  and 
completion;  and  securing  regulatory  and  government  approvals.  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  any  opportunity  will  be 
successful, commercially viable, or will generate any meaningful revenues, savings  or earnings, as the case may be for the 
Corporation. The Corporation will incur costs in pursuing any particular opportunity, which may be significant. 

The development of Sherritt’s business may also be in part dependent on management’s ability to identify, acquire and develop 
suitable  acquisition  opportunities  in  both  new  and  existing  markets.  In  certain  circumstances,  acceptable  acquisition 
opportunities might not be available. Sherritt may also not be able to identify suitable partners with whom it could pursue such 
opportunities. Acquisitions involve a number of risks, which may include, without limitation: (i) the possibility that the Corporation, 
as  a  successor  owner,  may  be  legally  and  financially  responsible  for  liabilities  of  prior  owners;  (ii)  the  possibility  that  the 
Corporation  may  pay  more  than  the  acquired  company  or  assets  are  worth;  (iii)  the  additional  expenses  associated  with 
completing  an  acquisition  and  amortizing  any  acquired  intangible  assets;  (iv)  the  difficulty  of  integrating  the  operations  and 
personnel  of  an  acquired  business;  (v)  the  challenge  of  implementing  uniform  standards,  controls,  procedures  and  policies 
throughout an acquired business; (vi) the inability to integrate, train, retain and motivate key personnel of an acquired business; 
and (vii) the potential disruption of the Corporation’s ongoing business and the distraction of management from its day-to-day 
operations. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

43   

 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Additionally, the future viability of the Corporation will also depend on its ability to implement and improve its operational, financial 
and  management  information  systems  and  to  hire,  train,  motivate,  manage  and  retain  its  employees.  If  and  when  any  such 
growth  occurs,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  the  Corporation  will  be  able  to  manage  such  growth  effectively,  that  its 
management, personnel or systems will be adequate to support the Corporation’s operations or that the Corporation will be able 
to  achieve  the  increased  levels  of  revenue  commensurate  with  increased  levels  of  operating  expenses  associated  with  this 
growth, and failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on the Corporation’s business, financial condition and results 
of operations. 

DEPLETION OF RESERVES 

Subject to any future expansion or other development, production from existing operations at the Corporation’s mines and wells 
will typically decline over the life of the mine or well. As a result, Sherritt’s ability to maintain or increase its current production of 
nickel, cobalt and oil and gas and generate revenues therefrom will depend significantly upon the Corporation’s ability to discover 
or acquire and to successfully bring new mines and wells into production and to expand mineral and oil and gas reserves at 
existing or new operations. Exploration and development of mineral and oil and gas properties involves significant financial risk. 
Very  few  exploratory  properties  are  developed  into  operating  mines  or  wells.  Whether  a  deposit  will  be  commercially  viable 
depends  on  a  number  of  factors,  including:  the  particular  attributes  of  the  deposit,  such  as  size,  grade  and  proximity  to 
infrastructure;  commodity  prices,  which  are  highly  cyclical;  political  and  social  stability;  and  government  regulation,  including 
regulations relating to prices, taxes, royalties, land tenure, land use, importing and exporting of natural resources and supplies 
and environmental protection. Even if the Corporation identifies and acquires an economically viable deposit, several years may 
elapse from the initial stages of development. Significant expenses could be incurred to locate and establish reserves, to develop 
the required extractive processes and to construct mining facilities, drill wells and construct oil and gas processing facilities. 

In November 2017 the PSC for Block II (Varadero West) reverted to the Cuban Government. The PSC for the PE-Yumuri Block 
reverted to the Cuban Government on March 19, 2021. The majority of future oil and gas production will depend on new reserves 
in  Blocks  10  and  6A  and/or  the  ability  to  obtain  and  develop  additional  PSCs.  Sherritt  cannot  provide  assurance  that  its 
exploration or development efforts will result in any new commercial operations or yield new mineral or oil and gas reserves to 
replace or increase current reserves. 

RELIANCE ON PARTNERS 

The Corporation holds its interest in certain projects and operations through joint ventures or partnerships. A failure by a partner 
to comply with its obligations under applicable partnership or similar joint venture arrangements, to continue to fund such projects 
or operations, a breakdown in relations with its partners or the decision of a partner to adopt a competing strategy could have a 
material adverse effect on the Corporation’s business, results of operations and financial performance. 

MINING, PROCESSING AND REFINING RISKS 

The business of mining, processing and refining involves many risks and hazards, including environmental hazards, industrial 
accidents,  labour-force  disruptions,  supply  problems  and  delays,  unusual  or  unexpected  geological  or  operating  conditions, 
geology-related failures, change in the regulatory  and geopolitical environment, weather conditions, floods, earthquakes and 
water conditions.  

Such occurrences could result in damage to, or destruction of, mineral properties or production facilities, the failure of tailings 
management facilities and damage to infrastructure, personal injury or death, environmental damage, delays in mining, monetary 
losses and possible legal liability. As a result, Sherritt may incur significant liabilities and costs that could have a material adverse 
effect upon its business, results of operations and financial performance. In addition, failure to maintain high levels of safety, 
health  and  security  could  adversely  affect  the  Corporation’s  operations,  financial  performance,  reputation  and  social  license 
to operate. 

Other  risks  and  uncertainties  which  could  impact  the  performance  of  mining  projects  include  factors  such  as  the  ore 
characteristics;  adverse  impacts  from  construction  or  commissioning  activities  on  ongoing  operations;  and  difficulties  with 
commissioning,  changing  geological  conditions  and  integrating  the  operations  of  newly  constructed  mines  and  processing 
facilities. 

The  Corporation’s  business  is  also  inherently  subject  to  the  risk  of  disruptive  successful  technological  change  in  nickel  and 
cobalt processing or otherwise and to market shifts to substitute products. 

  

 
 
OPERATING RISKS 

Variability  in  production  at  Sherritt’s  operations  in  Cuba  is  most  likely  to  arise  from  the  following  categories  of  potential  risk: 
(i) Parts and Equipment – the inherent risk that parts and equipment may fail or fail to perform in accordance with design due to 
mechanical or engineering issues (given the location and associated logistics, replacement components may not be immediately 
available); (ii) Operational Risk – production is directly affected by the performance of core operators and maintenance teams; 
(iii) Weather  and  Natural  Disasters –  risks  related  to  increased  frequency  of  severe  weather  events,  including  hurricanes  in 
Cuba, and other natural disasters, including pandemics, that can impede operations before, during and after such events; and 
(iv) Supply of Critical Commodities – production may be impacted by the availability of critical commodities to operate the facility.  

Please see the Risk Factors entitled “Risks Related to Sherritt’s Operations in Cuba” and “Climate Change/Greenhouse Gas 
Emissions” in Sherritt’s 2022 AIF for additional information. 

PROJECT OPERATIONS 

Generally 

Sherritt’s business includes the operation of large mining, metals refining projects and electrical generation projects. Unforeseen 
conditions or developments could arise during the course of these projects that could affect the current and projected level of 
production,  the  sustaining  capital  requirements  or  operating  cost  estimates  relating  to  the  projects.  Such  conditions  or 
developments may include, without limitation, shortages of equipment, materials or labour; delays in delivery of equipment or 
materials; customs issues; labour disruptions; poor labour productivity; community protests; difficulties in obtaining necessary 
services; delays in obtaining regulatory permits; local government issues; political events; regulatory changes; investigations 
involving  various  authorities;  adverse  weather  conditions;  unanticipated  increases  in  equipment,  material  and  labour  costs; 
unfavourable  currency  fluctuations;  access  to  financing;  natural  or  man-made  disasters  or  accidents;  and  unforeseen 
engineering, technical and technological design, geotechnical, environmental, infrastructure or geological problems. Any such 
event could affect production, timely execution and cost estimates. 

These risks  and uncertainties could have  a  material adverse effect on the Corporation’s business, results of operations and 
financial performance. 

Capital and operating cost estimates 

Capital  and  operating  cost  estimates  made  in  respect  of  the  Corporation’s  operations  and  projects  may  not  prove  accurate. 
Capital and operating costs are estimated based on the interpretation of geological data, feasibility studies, anticipated climatic 
conditions and other factors. Any of the following, among the other events and uncertainties described herein, could affect the 
ultimate accuracy of such estimates: unanticipated changes in grade and tonnage to be mined and processed; incorrect data on 
which engineering assumptions are made; unanticipated transportation costs; the accuracy of major equipment and construction 
cost  estimates;  expenditures  in  connection  with  a  failure  to  meet  such  scheduled  dates;  unsatisfactory  construction  quality 
resulting  in  failure  to  meet  such  scheduled  dates;  labour  negotiations;  unanticipated  costs  related  to  sustaining  production; 
changes  in  government  regulation  (including  regulations  regarding  prices,  cost  of  consumables,  royalties,  duties,  taxes, 
permitting  and  restrictions  on  production  quotas  or  exportation  of  the  Corporation’s  products);  and  unanticipated  changes  in 
commodity input costs and quantities.  

As part of the Life of Mine (“LOM”) optimization planning, Moa Nickel has set out a proposed sequence for the development, 
operation, and closure of its Tailings Management Facilities (“TMFs”), including with respect to the Acid Leach Tailings Facility, 
the North Extension, phased construction of Area 22 and a long term storage facility thereafter. There can be no assurance that 
the construction of tailings facilities can be completed within original budget or on a timely basis. Delays to construction can 
occur  as  a  result  of  many  factors,  many  of  which  are  outside  management’s  control.  Any  material  delay  could  require  the 
consideration of alternative or interim solutions and could increase cost, or in the worst case, result in a disruption to operations, 
all of which could have a material adverse effect on the Corporation’s business, financial condition and results of operations. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

45   

 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

EQUIPMENT FAILURE AND OTHER UNEXPECTED FAILURES 

Interruptions in Sherritt’s production capabilities would be expected to increase its production costs and reduce its profitability. 
The Corporation may experience material shutdowns or periods of reduced production because of equipment failures and this 
risk may be increased by the age of certain of the Corporation’s facilities or facilities of third parties in which the Corporation’s 
products are processed. In addition to equipment failures, the Corporation’s facilities are also subject to the risk of loss due to 
unanticipated  events  such  as  fires,  explosions  or  adverse  weather  conditions.  The  foregoing  risks  may  be  heightened  in 
circumstances in which capital expenditure is constrained. Shutdowns or reductions in operations could have a material adverse 
effect  on  the  Corporation’s  business,  results  of  operations  and  financial  performance.  Remediation  of  an  interruption  in 
production capability could require the Corporation to make large expenditures. Further, longer-term business disruptions could 
result in a loss of customers. All of these factors could have a material adverse effect on the Corporation’s business, results of 
operations and financial performance. 

OTHER RISKS 

Below is a list of the other significant business risks as presented in the Corporation’s 2022 AIF.  Further detail of these and 
other risks and the strategies designed to manage them can be found in the Corporation’s 2022 AIF to the extent not included 
herein. 

•  Political,  economic,  and  other  risks  of  foreign 

operations 

•  Environment, health, and safety 
•  Climate change/greenhouse gas emissions 
•  Community relations and social license to grow 

and operate 

•  Sourcing and Supply 
•  Uncertainty of gas supply to Energas 
•  Reliance on key personnel and skilled workers 
•  Uncertainty  of 
reserves 
estimates 

resources  and 

•  Risks related to Sherritt’s corporate structure 
• 

Foreign exchange and pricing risks 

•  Credit risk 
•  Competition in product markets 
• 
Future market access 
• 
Interest rate changes 
• 
Insurable risk 
• 
Labour relations 
• 
Legal rights 
• 
Legal contingencies 
•  Accounting policies 
•  Government permits 
•  Government regulation 
•  Anti-corruption and bribery 
•  Controls Relating to Corporate Structure Risk 

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Critical accounting estimates and judgments 

For the purposes of this section, all capitalized terms that are not specifically defined herein, have the meaning ascribed to them 
in the December 31, 2023 consolidated financial statements. 

The preparation of financial statements requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to 
exercise judgment in applying the Corporation’s accounting policies. These estimates and judgments are continuously evaluated 
and are based on management’s experience and knowledge of relevant facts and circumstances. Actual results may differ from 
estimates. The critical accounting estimates and judgments the Corporation has made, and how they affect the amounts reported 
in the consolidated financial statements, are incorporated in this section. 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES 

Measurement of the allowance for expected credit losses 

The  Corporation  estimates  an  allowance  for  credit  losses  (ACL)  using  probability-weighted  forward-looking  scenarios.    The 
Corporation considers both internal and external sources of information in order to achieve an unbiased measure of the scenarios 
used.  The Corporation determines an ECL in each scenario and uses external sources and judgment to apply a probability-
weighting  to  each  scenario.    The  ACL  is  measured  as  the  present  value  of  the  probability-weighted  ECL  in  each  scenario, 
discounted using the original effective interest rate of the instrument. 

Measuring the fair value of the GNC receivable and Energas payable 

The Corporation estimates the fair value of the GNC receivable and Energas payable at each reporting period using discounted 
cash flows in a Monte Carlo simulation model, which includes the use of in-kind forecast cobalt prices and discount rates, which 
are significant unobservable inputs in the case of the GNC receivable, and changes in the fair value of these financial instruments 
may have a significant impact on the Corporation’s financial results. 

Property, plant and equipment 

The capitalization of costs, the determination of estimated recoverable amounts and the depletion and depreciation of these assets 
have a significant impact on the Corporation’s financial results. 

For those assets depreciated on a straight-line basis, management estimates the useful life of the assets and their components, 
which in certain cases may be based on an estimate of the producing life of the property. These assessments require the use of 
estimates and assumptions including market conditions at the end of the asset’s useful life, costs of decommissioning the asset 
and the amount of recoverable reserves. 

Asset useful lives and residual values are re-evaluated at each reporting date. 

Environmental rehabilitation provision costs 

The Corporation’s environmental rehabilitation provisions are subject to environmental regulations in Canada, Cuba and other 
countries in which the Corporation operates. Many factors such as future changes to environmental laws and regulations, life of 
mine  estimates,  the  cost  and  time  it  will  take  to  rehabilitate  the  property  and  discount  rates,  all  affect  the  carrying  amount  of 
environmental  rehabilitation  provisions.  As  a  result,  the  actual  cost  of  environmental  rehabilitation  could  be  higher  than  the 
amounts the Corporation has estimated. For certain operations, actual costs will ultimately be determined after site closure in 
agreement with predecessor companies. 

Environmental rehabilitation provision discount rates 

The Corporation’s environmental rehabilitation provisions are assessed quarterly and measured by discounting the expected cash 
flows. The applicable discount rates are pre-tax rates that reflect the current market assessment of the time value of money which 
is  determined  based  on  government  bond  interest  rates  and  inflation  rates.  The  actual  rates  depend  on  a  number  of  factors, 
including the timing of rehabilitation activities that can extend decades into the future and the location of the property. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

47   

 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGMENTS 

Interests in other entities 

The Corporation applies judgment in determining the classification of its interest in other entities, such as: (i) the determination of 
the level of control or significant influence held by the Corporation; (ii) the legal structure and contractual terms of the arrangement; 
(iii) concluding  whether the Corporation  has  rights to  assets and liabilities or to  net  assets of the arrangement;  and (iv) when 
relevant, other facts and circumstances. The Corporation has determined that Energas represents a joint operation, while the Moa 
JV  represents  a  joint  venture  as  described  in  IFRS  11,  “Joint  Arrangements”.    All  other  interests  in  other  entities  have  been 
determined to be subsidiaries as described in IFRS 10, “Consolidated Financial Statements”. 

Measuring the recoverable amount of the Corporation’s investment in the Moa JV 

The  Corporation  accounts  for  its  investment  in  the  Moa  JV  using  the  equity  method.    The  Corporation  assesses  the  carrying 
amount of the Moa JV at each reporting date to determine whether there are any indicators that the carrying amount may be 
impaired. 

For purposes of determining the recoverable amount, management calculates the net present value of expected future cash flows. 
Projections  of  future  cash  flows  are  based  on  factors  relevant  to  the  investment’s  operations  and  could  include  estimated 
recoverable  production,  commodity  or  contracted  prices,  foreign  exchange  rates,  production  levels,  cash  costs  of  production, 
capital and reclamation costs. Projections inherently require assumptions and judgments to be made about each of the factors 
affecting future cash flows. The determination of the recoverable amount involves a detailed review of the investment’s life of mine 
model and the determination of weighted average cost of capital among other critical factors. 

Changes in any of these assumptions or judgments could result in a significant difference between the carrying amount and the 
recoverable amount of this investment.  Where necessary, management engages qualified third-party professionals to assist in 
the determination of the recoverable amount. 

Determination of reportable segments 

When determining its reportable segments, the Corporation considers qualitative factors, such as operations that offer distinct 
products  and  services  and  are  considered  to  be  significant  by  the  chief  operating  decision  maker,  identified  as  the  senior 
executive  team.  The  Corporation  also  considers  quantitative  thresholds  when  determining  reportable  segments,  such  as  if 
revenue, earnings (loss) or assets are greater than 10% of the total consolidated revenue, net earnings (loss), or assets of all 
the reportable segments, respectively. Operating segments that share similar economic characteristics are aggregated to form 
a single reportable segment. Aggregation occurs when the operating segments have similar economic characteristics, and have 
similar (a) products and services; (b) production processes; (c) type or class of customer for their products and services; (d) 
methods used to distribute their products or provide their services; and (e) nature of the regulatory environment, if applicable.  

Cash flow characteristics assessment 

The Corporation applies judgment in assessing the contractual features of an instrument to determine if they give rise to cash 
flows  that  are  consistent  with  a  basic  lending  arrangement.    Contractual  cash  flows  are  consistent  with  a  basic  lending 
arrangement if they represent cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest (SPPI). 

In performing this assessment, the Corporation takes into consideration contractual features that could change the amount or 
timing of contractual cash flows, such that the cash flows are no longer consistent with a basic lending arrangement.  If the 
Corporation identifies any contractual features that could modify the cash flows of the instrument such that they are no longer 
consistent with a basic lending arrangement, the related financial asset is classified and measured at fair value through profit or 
loss (FVPL). 

Service concession arrangements 

The  Corporation  determined  that  the  contract  terms  regarding  the  Boca  de  Jaruco  and  Puerto  Escondido,  Cuba,  facilities 
operated by Energas represent service concession arrangements as described in IFRIC 12, “Service concession arrangements” 
(IFRIC 12). The Corporation uses judgment to determine whether the grantor sets elements of the services provided by the 
operator, whether the grantor retains any significant ownership interest in the infrastructure at the end of the agreement, and to 
determine the classification of the service concession asset as either a financial asset or intangible asset.  

  

 
 
Assessment for impairment of non-financial assets 

The Corporation assesses the carrying amount of non-financial assets, including property, plant and equipment, intangible assets 
subject to depreciation and amortization and assets under construction, at each reporting date to determine whether there are 
any  indicators  that  the  carrying  amount  of  the  assets  may  be  impaired  or  require  a  reversal  of  impairment.    Impairment  is 
assessed at the CGU level and the determination of CGUs is an area of judgment. 

There are a number of potential indicators that could trigger an impairment or impairment reversal, which may require critical 
accounting  judgments  to  determine  the  extent  to  which  external  and/or  internal  factors  may  impact  the  assets’  recoverable 
amount.  Such internal factors include changes to estimated recoverable production, commodity or contracted prices, cash costs 
of  production,  capital  and  reclamation  costs.    External  factors  include  the  Corporation’s  market  capitalization  deficiency  and 
changes in economic conditions.  

For purposes of determining fair value, management assesses the recoverable amount of the asset using the higher of value-
in-use and fair value less cost to sell and an appropriate discount rate.  Projections of future cash flows are based on factors 
relevant to the asset and could include estimated recoverable production, commodity or contracted prices, foreign exchange 
rates, production levels, cash costs of production, capital and reclamation costs.  Projections inherently require assumptions and 
judgments to be made about each of the factors affecting future cash flows.  Changes in any of these assumptions or judgments 
could  result  in  a  significant  difference  between  the  carrying  amount  and  fair  value  of  these  assets.    In  the  event  that 
management’s estimate of future cash flows is not representative of actual events, impairments may be identified, which could 
have  a  material  impact  on  the  Corporation’s  consolidated  financial  statements.    Where  necessary,  management  engages 
qualified third-party professionals to assist in the determination of fair values. 

Measuring the fair value of the GNC receivable and Energas payable 

The  Corporation  measures  the  GNC  receivable  and  Energas  payable  at  fair  value.    For  purposes  of  determining  fair  value, 
management uses discounted cash flows in a Monte Carlo simulation model, which includes the use of in-kind forecast cobalt 
prices and discount rates, which are significant unobservable inputs in the case of the GNC receivable and requires assumptions 
and judgments to be made.  Management engages a third-party valuation specialist to assist in the valuation.  Changes in these 
assumptions or judgments may result in a significant change in fair value. 

Accounting pronouncements 

ADOPTION OF NEW AND AMENDED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS 

Deferred Tax Related to Assets and Liabilities Arising from a Single Transaction (Amendments to IAS 12) 

In  May  2021,  the  IASB  issued  Deferred  Tax  related  to  Assets  and  Liabilities  arising  from  a  Single  Transaction,  which  made 
amendments  to  IAS  12  Income  Taxes  (“IAS  12”).    The  amendment  narrowed  the  scope  of  the  IAS  12  recognition  exemption 
related to the recognition of deferred tax when an entity accounts for transactions, such as leases or decommissioning obligations, 
by recognizing both an asset and a liability.  The exemption no longer applies to transactions that, on initial recognition, give rise 
to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences. 

The amendments apply for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023.  Effective January 1, 2023, the Corporation 
adopted these requirements.  The application of this amendment did not have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated 
financial statements. 

International Tax Reform—Pillar Two Model Rules (Amendments to IAS 12) 

In December 2021, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (“OECD”) issued model rules for a new global 
minimum tax framework (“Pillar Two”) and in August 2023, the Government of Canada released draft legislation to implement a 
global minimum tax, which has not yet been enacted or substantively enacted.  

Amendments to this standard apply to income taxes arising from tax law enacted or substantively enacted to implement the Pillar 
Two model rules published by the OECD including tax law that implements qualified domestic minimum top-up taxes described 
in those rules.  

The amendments apply for annual periods  beginning on or after January 1, 2023. Effective January 1, 2023, the Corporation 
adopted these requirements. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

49   

 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Following  the  amendments  to  IAS  12,  the  Corporation  has  applied  the  exception  available  under  the  amendments  to  IAS  12 
published by the IASB in May 2023 and is not recognizing or disclosing information about deferred tax assets and liabilities related 
to Pillar Two income taxes given that relevant information is not known or reasonably estimable at this time. 

Based  on  the  currently  applicable  revenue  thresholds,  the  Corporation  would  not  be  in  scope  of  the  Pillar  Two  rules.  As  the 
legislation has not yet been enacted or substantively enacted in Canada, the Corporation continues to evaluate the impact of the 
legislation on its consolidated financial statements.  

Definition of Accounting Estimates (Amendments to IAS 8) 

In February 2021, the IASB issued Definition of Accounting Estimates, which made amendments to IAS 8 Accounting Policies, 
Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors.  The amendments replace the definition of a change in accounting estimates with 
a  definition  of  accounting  estimates.    Under  the  new  definition,  accounting  estimates  are  “monetary  amounts  in  financial 
statements that are subject to measurement uncertainty”.  The definition of a change in accounting estimates was deleted.   

The amendments apply for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023.  Effective January 1, 2023, the Corporation 
adopted these requirements.  The application of this amendment did not have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated 
financial statements. 

Presentation of Financial Statements and Making Materiality Judgments (Amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS Practice 
Statement 2) 

Amendments to IAS  1 Presentation of Financial Statements change the  requirements  with regard to  disclosure  of accounting 
policies.    The  amendments  replace  all  instances  of  the  term  ‘significant  accounting  policies’  with  ‘material  accounting  policy 
information’.  Accounting policy information is material if, when considered together with other information included in an entity’s 
financial statements, it can reasonably be  expected to influence decisions that the primary users of  general purpose financial 
statements make on the basis of those financial statements. 

The amendments apply for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023.  Effective January 1, 2023, the Corporation 
adopted  these  requirements.    The  application  of  these  amendments  did  not  have  a  material  impact  on  the  Corporation’s 
consolidated financial statements. 

ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS ISSUED BUT NOT YET EFFECTIVE 

The Corporation has not early adopted any standard, interpretation or amendment that has been issued but is not yet effective. 

Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current and Non-current Liabilities with Covenants (Amendments to IAS 
1) 

In October 2022, the IASB finalised issuance of Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current, which made amendments 
to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements.  The amendment clarifies that only covenants with which an entity is required to 
comply on or before the reporting date affect the classification of a liability as current or non-current.  In addition, an entity has to 
disclose information in the notes that enables users of financial statements to understand the risk that non-current liabilities with 
covenants could become repayable within twelve months. Classification is unaffected by the expectations that the Corporation 
will exercise its right to defer settlement of a liability.  Lastly, the amendment clarifies that settlement refers to the transfer to the 
counterparty of cash, equity instruments, other assets or services. 

In  October  2022,  the  IASB  finalised  issuance  of  Non-current  Liabilities  with  Covenants,  which  made  amendments  to  IAS  1 
Presentation of Financial Statements. The amendments specify that only covenants that an entity is required to comply with on or 
before the end of the reporting period affect the entity’s right to defer settlement of a liability for at least twelve months after the 
reporting date (and therefore must be considered in assessing the classification of the liability as current or non-current). Such 
covenants affect whether the right exists at the end of the reporting period, even if compliance with the covenant is assessed only 
after the reporting date.  

The amendments are  effective for annual periods beginning on  or after January 1, 2024. Earlier application is permitted. The 
application of this amendment is not expected to have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements. 

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Summary of quarterly results 

The following table presents selected amounts derived from the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements: 

$ millions, except per share amounts, 
for the three months ended 

2023
Dec 31 

2023 
Sept 30 

2023 
Jun 30 

2023
Mar 31 

2022
Dec 31 

2022
Sept 30 

2022
Jun 30 

2022
Mar 31

Revenue 

$

34.8  $

36.4  $

93.5  $

58.6  $

48.6  $

30.2  $

65.9  $

34.1 

Share of (loss) earnings of Moa Joint 
   Venture, net of tax 

Net (loss) earnings from continuing 
   operations 

(Loss) earnings from discontinued 
   operations, net of tax(1) 
Net (loss) earnings for the period 

(14.5)

(53.4)

(5.0) 

(24.8) 

11.5  

0.3  

29.9 

23.5 

22.0 

47.4 

47.9 

13.6 

(7.3)

(26.9)

81.5 

16.4 

- 
(53.4) $

- 
(24.8) $

$

- 
0.3  $

(0.3)
13.3  $

0.3 
(7.0) $

0.6 
(26.3) $

(0.4)
81.1  $

(0.7)
15.7 

Net (loss) earnings per share, basic ($ per share) 
Net (loss) earnings from continuing 
operations 
Net (loss) earnings 

$ 

 (0.13) $ 

 (0.13)

 (0.06) $
 (0.06) 

 0.00 $
 0.00 

 0.03 $

 (0.02) $

 (0.07) $

 0.21 $

 0.03

 (0.02)

 (0.07)

 0.20

 0.04

 0.04

(1) 

(Loss) earnings from discontinued operations, net of tax, relates to expenses in respect of provisions retained by the Corporation.  

In general, net earnings or losses of the Corporation are primarily affected by production and sales volumes, commodity prices, 
maintenance and operating costs, and exchange rates. The average Canadian dollar cost to purchase one U.S. dollar for the 
above quarters ranged from $1.2662 (Q1 2022) to $1.3624 (Q4 2023) and period-end rates ranged between $1.2496 (Q1 2022) 
to $1.3707 (Q3 2022). 

In addition to the impact of commodity prices and sales volumes, the net earnings/losses in the eight quarters were impacted by 
the following significant items (pre-tax): 

•  Q4  2023:  $20.0  million  loss  on  environmental  rehabilitation  provisions.  The  net  impact  of  the  Cobalt  Swap  on  the 

Corporation’s net loss was not material. 

•  Q3 2023: $7.3 million write-down of inventory, $6.8 million loss on environmental rehabilitation provisions and $0.9 million 
unrealized foreign exchange gains in continuing operations. The net impact of the Cobalt Swap on the Corporation’s net 
loss was not material; 

•  Q2 2023: $2.2 million gain on repurchase of notes. The net impact of the Cobalt Swap on the Corporation’s net earnings 

was not material; 

•  Q1 2023: $1.3 million gain on repurchase of notes, $1.9 million of share-based compensation expense within cost of 
sales and administrative expenses and $0.9 million of unrealized foreign exchange losses in continuing operations. The 
net impact of the Cobalt Swap on the Corporation’s net earnings was not material; 

•  Q4 2022: $7.1 million gain on repurchase of notes, $4.0 million gain on modification of Cuban receivables, $2.4 million 
revaluation gain on the GNC receivable, $4.0 million revaluation loss on the Energas payable, $4.1 million of unrealized 
foreign exchange losses in continuing operations, $15.0 million loss on environmental rehabilitation provisions and $10.7 
million of share-based compensation expense within cost of sales and administrative expenses; 

•  Q3 2022: $48.5 million revaluation loss on allowances for expected credit losses on Energas conditional sales agreement 
receivable, $4.6 million of unrealized foreign exchange gains in continuing operations and $2.6 million of share-based 
compensation recovery within cost of sales and administrative expenses; 

•  Q2 2022: $13.8 million gain on repurchase of notes, $17.2 million of share-based compensation recovery within cost of 
sales and administrative expenses and $3.8 million of unrealized foreign exchange gains in continuing operations; and 

•  Q1 2022: $26.6 million of share-based compensation expense within cost of sales and administrative expenses and $1.1 

million of unrealized foreign exchange gains in continuing operations. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

51   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Three-year trend analysis 

The following table presents select financial and operational results for the last three years: 

$ millions, except per share amounts for the years ended December 31 

Revenue 
(Loss) earnings from operations and joint venture 
Net (loss) earnings from continuing operations 
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax 
Net (loss) earnings for the year 
Adjusted EBITDA(1) 

(Loss) earnings per common share (basic and diluted) ($ per share): 

Net (loss) earnings from continuing operations 
Net (loss) earnings for the year 

Total assets 
Non-current liabilities 

PRODUCTION VOLUMES 
Moa Joint Venture (50% basis) 

Finished nickel (tonnes) 
Finished cobalt (tonnes) 

Electricity (gigawatt hours) (33⅓% basis) 

$

$

2023

223.3 
(43.4)
(64.3)
(0.3)
(64.6)
46.2 

(0.16)
(0.16)

$

2022

178.8 
118.7 
63.7 
(0.2)
63.5 
233.1 

0.16 
0.16 

2021

110.2 
8.5 
(13.4)
(5.0)
(18.4)
112.2 

(0.03)
(0.05)

1,390.6 
489.7 

1,555.6 
493.1 

1,398.0 
591.1 

14,336 
1,438 
745 

16,134 
1,684 
568 

15,592 
1,763 
450 

(1)  Non-GAAP and other financial measure.  For additional information, see the Non-GAAP and other financial measures section. 

In  each  year,  the  primary  factors  affecting  on-going  operating  results  are  production  and  sales  volumes,  commodity  prices, 
primarily nickel, cobalt and fertilizer; changes in input commodity prices; maintenance and operating costs, which are discussed 
in the Review of operations sections; and the foreign exchange relationship between the Canadian and U.S. dollars. Other impacts 
such as impairments, gains/losses on sale of assets and changes in estimates on environmental rehabilitation provisions, among 
others, are recognized periodically as events occur. 

In addition to the impacts of production volumes, commodity prices and input commodity prices, the following factors impacted 
operating results: 

In 2023, net loss from continuing operations was negatively impacted by a loss on environmental rehabilitation provisions of $22.9 
million, inventory write-down of $9.8 million and a loss on the revaluation of Energas payable of $7.6 million. The aforementioned 
losses were partially offset by a gain on the revaluation of the GNC receivable of $14.7 million and a gain on the repurchase of 
notes of $3.5 million. 

In 2022, net earnings from continuing operations was positively impacted by a gain on repurchase of notes of $20.9 million, a gain 
on the modification of Cuban receivables of $4.0 million, a gain on the revaluation of the GNC receivable of $2.4 million. The 
aforementioned  gains  were  partially  offset  by  a  revaluation  of  allowances  for  expected  credit  losses  related  to  the  Energas 
conditional sales agreement of $49.0 million, primarily as a result of the Cobalt Swap, a loss on revaluation of the Energas payable 
of $4.0 million, an impairment loss of intangible assets of $1.3 million and a loss on environmental rehabilitation provisions of 
$15.0 million. 

In 2021, net loss from continuing operations was negatively impacted by severance and other contractual benefits expense of 
$6.1 million and accelerated share-based compensation expense of $6.1 million, both of which related to the departures of two 
senior executives, planned retirement of a senior executive and Corporate workforce reduction, coupled with realized losses on 
commodity put options of $4.8 million.  The aforementioned losses were partially offset by a realized foreign exchange gain of 
$10.0 million relating to a Cuban tax liability due to Cuban currency unification, a gain on repurchase of notes of $2.1 million and 
a gain on disposal of assets of $1.2 million. 

Off-balance sheet arrangements  

As at December 31, 2023, the Corporation had no options, futures or forward contracts. 

  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Transactions with related parties 

The Corporation and its subsidiaries provide goods, labour, advisory and other administrative services to jointly controlled entities 
at fair value.  The Corporation and its subsidiaries also market, pursuant to sales agreements, a portion of the nickel, cobalt and 
certain by-products produced by and purchased from certain jointly controlled entities.  For further detail, refer to notes 7 and 22 
of the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023. 

Transactions between related parties are generally based on standard commercial terms.  All amounts outstanding are unsecured 
and will be settled in cash.  No guarantees have been given or received on the outstanding amounts.  No expense has been 
recognized in the current or prior periods for bad debts in respect of amounts owed by related parties.  

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

Total value of goods and services: 

  Provided to Energas 
  Provided to Moa Joint Venture 
  Purchased from Moa Joint Venture 
  Net financing income from Energas 
  Net financing income from Moa Joint Venture 

Canadian $ millions, as at December 31 

Accounts receivable from Moa Joint Venture 
Accounts payable to Moa Joint Venture 
Advances and loans receivable from Moa Joint Venture 

2023

2022

$

46.6  $

372.8 
844.0 
- 
0.8 

22.9 
302.6 
1,216.0 
14.4 
0.4 

2023

2022

$

44.7  $
72.2 
30.3 

27.4 
127.8 
- 

Goods and services provided to joint venture primarily relates to services provided by Fort Site to the Moa Joint Venture. 

KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL 

Key  management  personnel  is  composed  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  Chief  Executive  Officer,  Chief  Financial  Officer,  Chief 
Commercial Officer, Chief Human Resources Officer, Senior Vice Presidents of the Corporation and the former Chief Operating 
Officer in 2022 prior to retirement. The following is a summary of key management personnel compensation: 

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

Short-term benefits 
Post-employment benefits(1) 
Share-based payments 

2023 

2022 

5.0  $ 
0.3 
4.6 
9.9  $ 

6.7 
0.3 
4.5 
11.5 

$ 

$ 

(1)  Post-employment benefits include a non-registered defined contribution executive supplemental pension plan.  The total cash pension contribution for key management 
personnel was nil for the year ended December 31, 2023 (nil for the year ended December 31, 2022).  The total pension expense that is attributable to key management 
personnel was nil for the year ended December 31, 2023 (nil for the year ended December 31, 2022).  

Sherritt International Corporation 

53   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Controls and procedures 

DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over disclosure controls and procedures, 
as defined in National Instrument 52-109 of the Canadian Securities Commission (NI 52-109). Disclosure controls and procedures 
are designed to provide reasonable assurance that all relevant information is gathered and reported to management, including 
the CEO and CFO, on a timely basis so that appropriate decisions can be made regarding public disclosure. Management, with 
the participation of the certifying officers, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation, as of December 31, 2023, 
of the Corporation’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, the certifying officers have concluded that such 
disclosure controls and procedures are effective and designed to ensure that material information known by others relating to the 
Corporation and its subsidiaries is provided to them.   

INTERNAL CONTROLS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in NI 
52-109. Internal control over financial reporting means a process designed by or under the supervision of the CEO and CFO, 
management  and  other  personnel  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS. 

The internal controls are not expected to prevent and detect all misstatements due to error or fraud. Management advises that 
there have been no changes in the Corporation’s internal controls over financial reporting during 2023 that have materially affected 
or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting. 

Management, with the participation of the certifying officers, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Corporation’s 
internal controls over financial reporting, as of December 31, 2023, using the Internal Control-Integrated Framework published in 
2013  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (COSO  2013  Framework).  Based  on  this 
evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that the internal controls over financial reporting were effective as of December 
31, 2023.  

Supplementary information 
SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS 

The  following  table  shows  the  approximate  impact  on  the  Corporation’s  net  earnings  and  earnings  per  share  from  continuing 
operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 from a change in selected key variables. The impact is measured changing 
one variable at a time and may not necessarily be indicative of sensitivities on future results.   

Factor 

Prices 
Nickel - LME price per pound(1) 
Cobalt - Argus price per pound(1) 
Fertilizers - price per tonne(1) 

Exchange rate 
Strengthening of the Canadian dollar relative  
    to the U.S. dollar 

Operating costs(1) 
Natural gas - cost per gigajoule (Moa Joint Venture and Fort Site) 
Fuel oil - cost per tonne (Moa Joint Venture and Fort Site) 
Sulphur - cost per tonne (Moa Joint Venture and Fort Site) 

Approximate

Approximate

change in annual

change in annual

net (loss) earnings basic (loss) earnings

(CAD$ millions)

per share (EPS)

Increase

Increase/
(decrease)

Increase/
(decrease)

US$
US$
$

1.00  $
5.00 
50.00 

27  $
20 
8 

$

0.05 

$
US$
US$

1.00 
50.00 
25.00 

(7)

(3)
(3)
(4)

0.07 
0.05 
0.02 

(0.02)

(0.01)
(0.01)
(0.01)

(1)  Changes are applied at the operating level with the approximate change in net (loss) earnings and basic EPS representing the Corporation’s 50% interest in the Moa 

JV. 

  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
INVESTMENT IN MOA JOINT VENTURE 

Explanations for the significant changes in the statements of financial position and statements of comprehensive income line items 
to their respective comparative periods for the Moa JV are included below. 

Statements of financial position 

Canadian $ millions, 100% basis, as at  

December 31

December 31

Variance  

2023

2022

Assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 

$

11.8  $

43.6 

(31.8) Decrease is primarily due to cash distributions 
made under the Cobalt Swap and spending on 
capital, partially offset by cash provided by 
operating activities and draws on the credit facility 
with the Corporation. 

Income taxes receivable 

6.4 

- 

6.4 

Other current assets 

20.9 

90.1 

(69.2)

Decrease is primarily due to cash distributions to 
shareholders in the prior year that were declared as 
dividends during 2023, reducing the receivable from 
shareholders. 

Trade accounts receivable, net 

82.6 

178.0 

(95.4) Decrease is primarily due to lower nickel and cobalt 
realized prices coupled with lower nickel and cobalt 
sales volumes. 

Inventories 

424.7 

399.1 

25.6 

Other non-current assets 

23.3 

16.8 

6.5 

Property, plant and equipment 

1,089.1 

1,102.8 

(13.7)

Total assets 

1,658.8 

1,830.4 

(171.6)

Increase is primarily due to higher volumes of 
finished nickel inventories, partially offset by lower 
volumes of finished cobalt inventories. 

Decrease is primarily due to depletion, depreciation 
and amortization, partially offset by capital 
additions. 

Liabilities 
Trade accounts payable and accrued 
    liabilities 

Income taxes payable 

Other current financial liabilities 

Loans and borrowings 

Environmental rehabilitation provisions 

Other non-current financial liabilities 

Deferred income taxes 

117.4 

87.9 

29.5 

Increase is primarily due to timing of payments to 
suppliers. 

2.8 

30.4 

23.5 

84.9 

3.7 

18.3 

4.1 

0.2 

26.0 

84.0 

4.6 

23.7 

(1.3)

30.2 

Increase is primarily due to draws on the revolving-
term credit facility with the Corporation. 

(2.5)

0.9 

(0.9)

(5.4)

50.5 
(222.1)

Total liabilities 
Net assets of Moa Joint Venture 
Proportion of Sherritt's ownership interest 
Total 
Intercompany capitalized interest elimination 
Investment in Moa Joint Venture 

$

$

281.0 
1,377.8  $
50%
688.9 
(42.2)
646.7  $

230.5 
1,599.9 
50%
800.0 
(44.0)
756.0 

Foreign  currency  translation  differences  are  included  in  the  financial  information  of  the  Moa  JV  presented  in  the  financial 
statements and MD&A, as the Corporation’s presentation currency is the Canadian dollar, while the Moa JV’s functional currency 
is the U.S. dollar.  As at December 31, 2023, the U.S. dollar decreased in value relative to the Canadian dollar, resulting in lower 
assets and liabilities reported in Canadian dollars as compared to December 31, 2022. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

55   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Statements of comprehensive income 

For the year ended

2023

2022

Canadian $ millions, 100% basis 
Revenue 

December 31

$

884.3  $

December 31
1,344.2 

Variance
(459.9) Decrease is primarily due to lower nickel revenue due 

Cost of sales 

(832.7)

(989.4)

Cobalt gain 

Impairment of property, plant and equipment 

Administrative expenses 
Earnings from operations 
Financing income 

Financing expense 

Net finance expense 
Earnings before income tax 

5.5 

(3.0)

(9.9)
44.2 
2.3 
(11.5)

(9.2)
35.0 

- 

- 

(14.7)
340.1 
0.8 
(19.0)

(18.2)
321.9 

to lower nickel sales volumes and realized price as 
well as a decrease in cobalt revenue primarily due to 
cobalt distributions pursuant to the Cobalt Swap, 
which are not recognized as revenue by the Moa JV. 

156.7  Decrease is primarily due to a decrease in cobalt cost 
of sales primarily due to cobalt distributions pursuant 
to the Cobalt Swap, which are not recognized as cost 
of sales by the Moa JV coupled with lower sulphur 
input commodity prices and lower royalties, primarily 
due to lower mixed sulphide revenue. These amounts 
are partially offset by an increase in maintenance 
costs.  

5.5  Cobalt gain represents the difference between the 

Moa JV's cost to produce finished cobalt internally and 
the in-kind value of cobalt distributed under the Cobalt 
Swap, which commenced in 2023. 

(3.0)

4.8 
(295.9)
1.5 
7.5 

9.0 
(286.9)

Income tax expense 

(1.4)

(48.6)

47.2 

Net earnings and comprehensive income 
    of Moa Joint Venture 

$

Proportion of Sherritt's ownership interest 

Total 
Intercompany elimination  

Share of earnings of Moa Joint Venture,  
    net of tax 

$

33.6  $

273.3 

(239.7)

50%

16.8 
5.1 

50%

136.7 
4.1 

- 

(119.9)
1.0 

21.9  $

140.8 

(118.9)

Decrease is primarily due to lower taxable earnings in 
2023 as compared to 2022 at one of the operating 
companies of the Moa JV. 

For the year ended December 31, 2023, Moa JV’s revenue was positively impacted and cost of sales and other expenses were 
negatively impacted by a stronger average U.S. dollar relative to the Canadian dollar compared to the same periods in the prior 
year. 

Moa JV commitments 

The Moa JV’s significant undiscounted commitments, which are non-recourse to the Corporation, are presented below on a 50% 
basis: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Environmental rehabilitation commitments of $136.1 million, with no significant payments due in the next five years; 

Trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $58.7 million; 

Loans and borrowings of $11.8 million; and   

Property, plant and equipment commitments of $32.1 million (50% basis), which includes $6.8 million of commitments 
for growth capital for the ordering of long-lead materials and equipment, and civil and mechanical construction.  

Property,  plant  and  equipment  commitments  also  include  normal  course  expenditures  and  those  associated  with  tailings 
management facilities. 

  

 
 
 
 
 
 
NON-GAAP AND OTHER FINANCIAL MEASURES 

Management uses the measures below to monitor the financial performance of the Corporation and its operating divisions and 
believes these measures enable investors and analysts to compare the Corporation’s financial performance with its competitors 
and/or  evaluate  the  results  of  its  underlying  business.  These  measures  are  intended  to  provide  additional  information,  not  to 
replace IFRS measures, and do not have a standard definition under IFRS and should not be considered in isolation or as a 
substitute  for  measures  of  performance  prepared  in  accordance  with  IFRS.  As  these  measures  do  not  have  a  standardized 
meaning, they may not be comparable to similar measures provided by other companies. 

The non-GAAP and other financial measures are reconciled to the most directly comparable IFRS measure in the sections below. 

Combined revenue 

The  Corporation  uses  combined  revenue  as  a  measure  to  help  management  assess  the  Corporation’s  financial  performance 
across its core operations. Combined revenue includes the Corporation’s consolidated revenue, less Oil and Gas revenue, and 
includes the revenue of the Moa JV within the Metals reportable segment on a 50% basis. Revenue of the Moa JV is included in 
share  of  earnings  of  Moa  Joint  Venture,  net  of  tax,  as  a  result  of  the  equity  method  of  accounting  and  excluded  from  the 
Corporation’s consolidated revenue.  

Revenue at Oil and Gas is excluded from Combined revenue as the segment is not currently exploring for or producing oil and 
gas and its financial results relate to ancillary drilling services provided to a customer and CUPET and environmental rehabilitation 
costs for legacy assets, which are not reflective of the Corporation’s core operating activities or revenue generation potential. The 
exclusion of revenue at Oil and Gas from Combined revenue represents a change in the composition of Combined revenue during 
the year ended December 31, 2023 to better reflect the Corporation’s core operating activities and revenue generation potential 
and the prior year measure has been restated for comparative purposes. 

Management uses this measure to reflect the Corporation’s economic interest in its operations prior to the application of equity 
accounting to help allocate financial resources and provide investors with information that it believes is useful in understanding 
the scope of Sherritt’s business, based on its economic interest, irrespective of the accounting treatment. 

The table below reconciles combined revenue to revenue per the financial statements: 

$ millions 

Revenue by reportable segment 
Metals(1) 
Power 
Technologies 
Corporate 
Combined revenue 
Adjustment for Moa Joint Venture 
Adjustment for Oil and Gas 
Financial statement revenue 

For the three months ended 

2023 
December 31 

2022 
December 31 

For the year ended 

Change 

2023 
December 31 

2022 
December 31 

Change  

$ 

$ 

$ 

125.9 
14.0 
0.3 
0.3 
140.5 
(107.7) 
2.0 
34.8 

$ 

$ 

$ 

223.5 
10.5 
0.5 
0.1 
234.6 
(188.5) 
2.5 
48.6 

(44%) 
33% 
(40%) 
200% 
(40%) 

$ 

$ 

(28%) 

$ 

603.7 
47.1 
1.3 
0.8 
652.9 
(442.2) 
12.6 
223.3 

$ 

$ 

$ 

795.1 
37.1 
1.8 
0.7 
834.7 
(672.1) 
16.2 
178.8 

(24%) 
27% 
(28%) 
14% 
(22%) 

25% 

(1)  Revenue of Metals for the three months ended December 31, 2023 is composed of revenue recognized by the Moa JV of $107.7 million (50% basis), which is equity-
accounted and included in share of earnings of Moa JV, net of tax, coupled with revenue recognized by Fort Site of $15.3 million and Metals Marketing of $2.9 million, 
both of which are included in consolidated revenue (for the three months ended December 31, 2022 - $188.5 million, $34.2 million and $0.8 million, respectively). 
Revenue of Metals for the year ended December 31, 2023 is composed of revenue recognized by the Moa JV of $442.2 million (50% basis), coupled with revenue 
recognized by Fort Site of $77.9 million and Metals Marketing of $83.6 million (for the year ended December 31, 2022 - $672.1 million, $120.1 million and $2.9 million, 
respectively). 

Sherritt International Corporation 

57   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Adjusted EBITDA  

The  Corporation  defines  Adjusted  EBITDA  as  (loss)  earnings  from  operations  and  joint  venture,  which  excludes  net  finance 
expense, income tax expense and loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, as reported in the financial statements for the 
period,  adjusted  for:  depletion,  depreciation  and  amortization;  impairment  losses  on  non-current  non-financial  assets  and 
investments; and gains or losses on disposal of property, plant and equipment of the Corporation and the Moa JV. The exclusion 
of impairment losses eliminates the non-cash impact of the losses.  

Earnings/loss  from  operations  at  Oil  and  Gas  (net  of  depletion,  depreciation  and  amortization,  if  applicable)  is  deducted 
from/added back to Adjusted EBITDA as the segment is not currently exploring for or producing oil and gas and its financial results 
relate to ancillary drilling services provided to a customer and CUPET and environmental rehabilitation costs for legacy assets, 
which are not reflective of the Corporation’s core operating activities or cash generation potential. The adjustment for earnings/loss 
from  operations  at  Oil  and  Gas  (net  of  depletion,  depreciation  and  amortization,  if  applicable)  represents  a  change  in  the 
composition of Adjusted EBITDA during the year ended December 31, 2023 to better reflect the Corporation’s core operating 
activities and cash generation potential and the prior year measure has been restated for comparative purposes. 

Management  uses  Adjusted  EBITDA  internally  to  evaluate  the  cash  generation  potential  of  Sherritt’s  operating  divisions  on  a 
combined and segment basis as an indicator of ability to fund working capital needs, meet covenant obligations, service debt and 
fund  capital  expenditures,  as  well  as  provide  a  level  of  comparability  to  similar  entities.  Management  believes  that  Adjusted 
EBITDA  provides  useful  information  to  investors  in  evaluating  the  Corporation’s  operating  results  in  the  same  manner  as 
management and the Board of Directors.  

The tables below reconcile (loss) earnings from operations and joint venture per the financial statements to Adjusted EBITDA: 

$ millions, for the three months ended December 31 

(Loss) earnings from operations and joint venture 
    per financial statements  
Add:   

Depletion, depreciation and amortization 
Oil and Gas loss from operations 

Adjustments for share of earnings of Moa Joint Venture: 

Depletion, depreciation and amortization 
Net finance expense 
Income tax recoveries 

Metals(1)

Power

Techno-
logies

Oil and
Gas

Corporate

Adjustment
for Moa
Joint
Venture

2023

Total

$

(22.0) $

5.9  $

(3.5) $

(23.3) $

(1.6) $

1.1  $

(43.4)

2.8 
- 

10.5 
- 
- 

0.7 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
23.3 

- 
- 
- 

0.2 
- 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
1.9 
(3.0)

Adjusted EBITDA 

$

(8.7) $

6.6  $

(3.5) $

-  $

(1.4) $

-  $

$ millions, for the three months ended December 31 

Metals(1)

Power

Techno-
logies

Oil and
Gas

Corporate

Adjustment
for Moa 

Joint
Venture

Earnings (loss) from operations and joint venture 
    per financial statements  
Add:   

Depletion, depreciation and amortization 
Oil and Gas loss from operations 

Adjustments for share of earnings of Moa Joint Venture: 

Depletion, depreciation and amortization 
Net finance income 
Income tax expense 

Adjusted EBITDA 

$

30.5  $

4.5  $

(4.4) $

(17.1) $

(11.6) $

(2.0) $

(0.1)

2.8 
- 

11.8 
- 
- 
45.1  $

$

1.6 
- 

- 
- 
- 
6.1  $

- 
- 

- 
17.1 

0.3 
- 

- 
- 
- 
(4.4) $

- 
- 
- 
-  $

- 
- 
- 
(11.3) $

- 
- 

- 
(1.6)
3.6 

-  $

4.7 
17.1 

11.8 
(1.6)
3.6 
35.5 

  

3.7 
23.3 

10.5 
1.9 
(3.0)

(7.0)

2022

Total

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted EBITDA 

$

53.6  $

23.2  $

(15.3) $

-  $

(15.3) $

-  $

$ millions, for the year ended December 31 

(Loss) earnings from operations and joint venture 
    per financial statements  
Add:   

Depletion, depreciation and amortization 
Oil and Gas loss from operations, net of 
    depletion, depreciation and amortization 

Adjustments for share of earnings of Moa Joint Venture: 

Depletion, depreciation and amortization 
Impairment of property, plant and equipment 
Net finance income 
Income tax expense 

$ millions, for the year ended December 31 

Earnings (loss) from operations and joint venture 
    per financial statements  
Add (deduct):   

Depletion, depreciation and amortization 
Oil and Gas loss from operations, net of 
    depletion, depreciation and amortization 

Adjustments for share of earnings of Moa Joint Venture: 

Depletion, depreciation and amortization 
Net finance expense 
Income tax expense 

Adjusted EBITDA 

Metals(2)

Power 

Techno-
logies

Oil and
Gas

Corporate

Adjustment
for Moa
Joint
Venture

2023

Total

$

(2.1) $

20.7  $

(15.4) $

(30.2) $

(16.2) $

(0.2) $

(43.4)

10.6 

2.5 

0.1 

0.2 

0.9 

- 

43.6 
1.5 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

30.0 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
(0.5)
0.7 

Metals(2)

Power 

Techno-
logies

Oil and
Gas

Corporate

Adjustment
for Moa

Joint
Venture

$

197.9  $

8.7  $

(14.8) $

(16.3) $

(27.4) $

(29.4) $

118.7 

10.4 

13.6 

0.1 

0.8 

- 

- 

- 

15.5 

1.1 

- 

- 

- 

43.5 
- 
- 
251.8  $

$

- 
- 
- 
22.3  $

- 
- 
- 
(14.7) $

- 
- 
- 
-  $

- 
- 
- 
(26.3) $

- 
5.1 
24.3 

-  $

26.0 

15.5 

43.5 
5.1 
24.3 
233.1 

14.3 

30.0 

43.6 
1.5 
(0.5)
0.7 

46.2 

2022

Total

(1) 

(2) 

Adjusted EBITDA of  Metals for the three  months  ended December 31,  2023  is composed  of Adjusted  EBITDA at Moa  JV  of $(5.0)  million (50% basis),  Adjusted 
EBITDA at Fort Site of $(2.9) million and Adjusted EBITDA at Metals Marketing of $(0.8) million (for the three months ended December 31, 2022 - $37.3 million, $8.3 
million and $(0.5) million, respectively).  
Adjusted EBITDA of Metals for the year ended December 31, 2023 is composed of Adjusted EBITDA at Moa JV of $67.2 million (50% basis), Adjusted EBITDA at 
Fort Site of $(2.6) million and Adjusted EBITDA at Metals Marketing of $(11.0) million (for the year ended December 31, 2022 - $213.7 million, $40.3 million and $(2.2) 
million, respectively). 

Sherritt International Corporation 

59   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Average-realized price 

Average-realized price is generally calculated by dividing revenue by sales volume for the given product in a given segment. The 
average-realized  price  for  power  excludes  by-product  revenue,  as  this  revenue  is  not  earned  directly  for  power  generation. 
Transactions by a Moa JV marketing company, included in other revenue, are excluded.  

Management uses this measure, and believes investors use this measure, to compare the relationship between the revenue per 
unit and direct costs on a per unit basis in each reporting period for nickel, cobalt, fertilizer and power and provide comparability 
with other similar external operations.  

Average-realized price for fertilizer is the weighted-average realized price of ammonia and various ammonium sulphate products. 

Average-realized price for nickel and cobalt are expressed in Canadian dollars per pound sold, while fertilizer is expressed in 
Canadian dollars per tonne sold and electricity is expressed in Canadian dollars per megawatt hour sold. 

The tables below reconcile revenue per the financial statements to average-realized price:  

$ millions, except average-realized price and sales volume, for the three months ended December 31 

Metals 

Nickel

Cobalt

Fertilizer

Power

Other(1)

Adjustment
for Moa Joint
Venture 

2023

Total

Revenue per financial statements  
Adjustments to revenue: 
By-product revenue 
Revenue for purposes of average-realized price calculation 

Sales volume for the period 

Volume units 

Average-realized price(2)(3)(4) 

$

84.1  $

15.2  $

23.1  $

14.0  $

4.1  $

(107.7) $

32.8 

-  
84.1  

-  
15.2  

- 
23.1 

(1.0) 
13.0  

7.7  
Millions of
 pounds
10.87  $

0.9  
Millions of
pounds
17.23  $

55.5 
Thousands 
of tonnes 
414.80  $

$

225  
Gigawatt
hours
57.96 

$ millions, except average-realized price and sales volume, for the three months ended December 31 

Metals 

Nickel

Cobalt

Fertilizer

Power 

Other(1)

Adjustment
for Moa Joint
Venture 

2022

Total

Revenue per financial statements  
Adjustments to revenue: 
By-product revenue 
Revenue for purposes of average-realized price calculation 

Sales volume for the period 

Volume units 

Average-realized price(2)(3)(4) 

$

153.8  $

22.0  $

40.4  $

10.5  $

7.9  $

(188.5) $

46.1 

-  
153.8  

-  
22.0  

- 
40.4 

(1.2) 
9.3  

9.9  
Millions of
pounds
15.55  $

0.9  
Millions of
pounds
25.72  $

61.7 
Thousands 
of tonnes
647.03  $

$

159  
Gigawatt 
hours 
58.54  

$ millions, except average-realized price and sales volume, for the year ended December 31 

Metals 

Nickel

Cobalt

Fertilizer

Power

Other(1)

Adjustment
for Moa Joint
Venture 

2023

Total

Revenue per financial statements  
Adjustments to revenue: 
By-product revenue 
Revenue for purposes of average-realized price calculation 

Sales volume for the period 

Volume units 

Average-realized price(2)(3)(4) 

  

$

379.6  $

104.8  $

93.3  $

47.1  $

28.1  $

(442.2) $

210.7 

-  
379.6  

-  
104.8  

- 
93.3 

(4.3) 
42.8  

28.4  
Millions of
 pounds
13.36  $

6.0  
Millions of
pounds
17.47  $

170.2 
Thousands 
of tonnes 
548.16  $

$

745  
Gigawatt
hours
57.45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
$ millions, except average-realized price and sales volume, for the year ended December 31 

Metals 

Nickel

Cobalt

Fertilizer

Power 

Other(1)

Adjustment
for Moa Joint
Venture 

2022

Total

Revenue per financial statements  
Adjustments to revenue: 
By-product revenue 
Revenue for purposes of average-realized price calculation 

Sales volume for the period 

Volume units 

Average-realized price(2)(3)(4) 

$

522.8  $

104.2  $

129.5 $ 

37.1  $

41.1  $

(672.1) $

162.6 

-  
522.8  

-  
104.2  

- 
129.5 

(5.0) 
32.1  

35.0  
Millions of
pounds
14.93  $

3.0  
Millions of
pounds
34.26  $

170.4 
Thousands 
of tonnes
759.91  $

$

568  
Gigawatt 
hours 
56.47  

(1)  Other revenue includes revenue from the Oil and Gas, Technologies and Corporate reportable segments.  

(2) 

(3) 

(4) 

Average-realized price may not calculate exactly based on amounts presented due to foreign exchange and rounding. 
Power, average-realized price per MWh. 
Fertilizer, average-realized price per tonne. 

Sherritt International Corporation 

61   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Unit operating cost/NDCC  

With the exception of Metals, which uses NDCC, unit operating cost is generally calculated by dividing cost of sales as reported 
in the financial statements, less depreciation, depletion and amortization in cost of sales, the impact of impairment losses, gains 
and losses on disposal of property, plant, and equipment and exploration and evaluation assets and certain other non-production 
related costs, by the number of units sold.  

Metals’  NDCC  is  calculated  by  dividing  cost  of  sales,  as  reported  in  the  financial  statements,  adjusted  for  the  following: 
depreciation, depletion, amortization and impairment losses in cost of sales; cobalt by-product, fertilizer and other revenue; cobalt 
gain/loss; and other costs primarily related to the impact of opening and closing inventory values, by the number of finished nickel 
pounds sold in the period. 

Unit operating costs for nickel and electricity are key measures that management and investors uses to monitor performance. 
NDCC of nickel is a widely-used performance measure for nickel producers. Management uses unit operating costs/NDCC to 
assess how well the Corporation’s producing mine and power facilities are performing and to assess overall production efficiency 
and effectiveness internally across periods and compared to its competitors. 

Unit operating cost (NDCC) for nickel is expressed in U.S. dollars per pound sold, while electricity is expressed in Canadian dollars 
per megawatt hour sold. 

The tables below reconcile cost of sales per the financial statements to unit operating cost/NDCC: 

$ millions, except unit cost and sales volume, for the three months ended December 31 

Cost of sales per financial statements  
Less: 
Depletion, depreciation and amortization in cost of sales 

Adjustments to cost of sales: 
Cobalt by-product, fertilizer and other revenue 
Cobalt gain 
Impact of opening/closing inventory and other(2) 
Cost of sales for purposes of unit cost calculation 

Sales volume for the period 

Volume units 

Unit operating cost(3)(4) 
Unit operating cost (US$ per pound) (NDCC)(5) 

$ millions, except unit cost and sales volume, for the three months ended December 31 

Cost of sales per financial statements  
Less: 
Depletion, depreciation and amortization in cost of sales 

Adjustments to cost of sales: 
Cobalt by-product, fertilizer and other revenue 
Impact of opening/closing inventory and other(2) 
Cost of sales for purposes of unit cost calculation 

Sales volume for the period 

Volume units 

Unit operating cost(3)(4) 
Unit operating cost (US$ per pound) (NDCC)(5) 

  

Metals 

Power 

Other(1)

Adjustment 
for Moa 
Joint Venture 

2023

Total

$

146.6  $

7.1  $

28.6  $

(122.2) $

60.1 

(13.3) 
133.3  

(41.8) 
-  
(7.8) 
83.7  

(0.5) 
6.6  

-  
-  
-  
6.6  

7.7  
Millions of
pounds

$
$

10.81  $
7.87 

225  
Gigawatt
hours

29.16 

Metals 

Power 

Other(1)

Adjustment 
for Moa 
Joint Venture 

2022

Total

$

189.5  $

4.9  $

22.0  $

(159.7) $

56.7 

(14.6) 
174.9  

(69.7) 
(11.4) 
93.8  

(1.5) 
3.4  

-  
-  
3.4  

9.9  
Millions of
pounds

$
$

9.48  $
7.00 

159  
Gigawatt
hours
21.41 

 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$ millions, except unit cost and sales volume, for the year ended December 31 

Cost of sales per financial statements  
Less: 
Depletion, depreciation and amortization in cost of sales 

Adjustments to cost of sales: 
Cobalt by-product, fertilizer and other revenue 
Cobalt gain 
Impact of opening/closing inventory and other(2) 
Cost of sales for purposes of unit cost calculation 

Sales volume for the period 

Volume units 

Unit operating cost(3)(4) 
Unit operating cost (US$ per pound) (NDCC)(5) 

$ millions, except unit cost and sales volume, for the year ended December 31 

Cost of sales per financial statements  
Less: 
Depletion, depreciation and amortization in cost of sales 

Adjustments to cost of sales: 
Cobalt by-product, fertilizer and other revenue 
Impact of opening/closing inventory and other(2) 
Cost of sales for purposes of unit cost calculation 

Sales volume for the period 

Volume units 

Unit operating cost(3)(4) 
Unit operating cost (US$ per pound) (NDCC)(5) 

Metals 

Power 

Other(1)

Adjustment 
for Moa 
Joint Venture 

2023

Total

$

601.4  $

22.7  $

57.8  $

(416.4) $

265.5 

(54.2) 
547.2  

(224.1) 
(2.7) 
(43.5) 
276.9  

(2.0) 
20.7  

-  
-  
-  
20.7  

28.4  
Millions of
pounds

$
$

9.75  $
7.22 

745  
Gigawatt
hours

27.70 

 Metals   

Power 

Other(1)

Adjustment 
for Moa 
Joint Venture 

2022

Total

$

587.8  $

24.2  $

45.3  $

(494.6) $

162.7 

(53.9) 
533.9  

(272.3) 
(27.7) 
233.9  

(13.2) 
11.0  

-  
-  
11.0  

35.0  
Millions of
pounds

$
$

6.68  $
5.14 

568  
Gigawatt
hours
19.39 

(1)  Other is composed of the cost of sales of the Oil and Gas and Technologies reportable segments. 
(2)  Other is primarily composed of royalties and other contributions, sales discounts and other non-cash items.  
(3)  Unit operating cost/NDCC may not calculate exactly based on amounts presented due to foreign exchange and rounding.  

Power, unit operating cost price per MWh. 

(4) 
(5)  Unit operating costs in US$ are converted at the average exchange rate for the period. 

Adjusted net earnings/loss from continuing operations and adjusted net earnings/loss from continuing operations per 
share 

The Corporation defines adjusted net earnings/loss from continuing operations as net earnings/loss from continuing operations 
less items not reflective of the Corporation’s current or future operational performance. These adjusting items include, but are not 
limited to, inventory write-downs/obsolescence, impairment of assets, gains and losses on the acquisition or disposal of assets, 
unrealized foreign exchange gains and losses, gains and losses on financial assets and liabilities and other one-time adjustments 
that have not occurred in the past two years and are not expected to recur in the next two years. While some adjustments are 
recurring  (such  as  unrealized  foreign  exchange  (gain)  loss  and  revaluations  of  allowances  for  expected  credit  losses  (ACL)), 
management believes that they do not reflect the Corporation’s current or future operational performance.  

Net  earnings/loss  from  continuing  operations  at  Oil  and  Gas  is  deducted  from/added  back  to  adjusted  earnings/loss  from 
continuing  operations  as  the  segment  is  not  currently  exploring  for  or  producing  oil  and  gas  and  its  financial  results  relate  to 
ancillary drilling services provided to a customer and CUPET and environmental rehabilitation costs for legacy assets, which are 
not reflective of the Corporation’s core operating activities or future operational performance.  The adjustment for net earnings/loss 
from continuing operations at Oil and Gas represents a change in the composition of adjusted net earnings/loss from continuing 
operations  during  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023  to  better  reflect  the  Corporation’s  core  operating  activities  and  future 
operational performance and the prior year measure has been restated for comparative purposes.  

Sherritt International Corporation 

63   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

Adjusted net earnings/loss from continuing operations per share is defined consistent with the definition above and divided by the 
Corporation’s weighted-average number of common shares outstanding. 

Management uses these measures internally and believes that they provide investors with performance measures with which to 
assess the Corporation’s current or future operational performance by adjusting for items or transactions that are not reflective of 
its current or future operational performance.  

The table below reconcile net (loss) earnings from continuing operations and net (loss) earnings from continuing operations per 
share,  both  per  the  financial  statements,  to  adjusted  net  (loss)  earnings  from  continuing  operations  and  adjusted  net  (loss) 
earnings from continuing operations per share, respectively: 

For the three months ended December 31 

$ millions

$/share

$ millions

2023  

2022

$/share

Net loss from continuing operations 

$ 

(53.4) $

(0.13) $ 

(7.3) $ 

(0.02)

Adjusting items: 

Sherritt - Unrealized foreign exchange loss - continuing operations 
Corporate - Gain on repurchase of notes 
Corporate - Transaction finance charges on repurchase of notes 
Metals - Moa JV - Inventory write-down/obsolescence 
Metals - Fort Site - Inventory write-down/obsolescence 
Power - Gain on modification of Cuban receivables  
Power - Loss (gain) on revaluation of GNC receivable  
Power - (Gain) loss on revaluation of Energas payable 
Oil and Gas - Net loss from continuing operations 

Total adjustments, before tax 

Tax adjustments 

Adjusted net (loss) earnings from continuing operations 

$ 

$ 

0.9 
-  
-  
1.6  
0.7  
- 
3.5  
(1.3) 
20.1  
25.5  $ 
- 
(27.9) $ 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
0.01 
- 
0.05 
0.06  $ 
- 
(0.07) $ 

2023  

4.1 
(7.1) 
1.1  
1.6  
0.6  
(2.0)
(2.4) 
4.0  
15.0  
14.9  $ 
0.8 
8.4  $ 

For the year ended December 31 

$ millions

$/share

$ millions

0.01 
(0.02)
- 
- 
- 
(0.01)
(0.01)
0.01 
0.04 
0.02 
- 
0.02 

2022

$/share

Net (loss) earnings from continuing operations 

$ 

(64.3) $

(0.16) $ 

63.7  $ 

0.16 

Adjusting items: 

Sherritt - Unrealized foreign exchange loss (gain) - continuing operations 
Corporate - Gain on repurchase of notes 

Corporate - Transaction finance charges on repurchase of notes 
Metals - Moa JV - Impairment of property, plant and equipment 
Metals - Moa JV - Inventory write-down/obsolescence 
Metals - Fort Site - Inventory write-down/obsolescence 
Metals - Metals Marketing - Inventory write-down/obsolescence 
Metals - Metals Marketing - Cobalt gain 
Power - Trade accounts receivable, net ACL revaluation 
Power - Gain on modification of Cuban receivables 
Power - Energas conditional sales agreement ACL revaluation(1) 
Power - Gain on revaluation of GNC receivable  
Power - Loss on revaluation of Energas payable 
Oil and Gas - Net loss from continuing operations 

Total adjustments, before tax 

Tax adjustments 

Adjusted net (loss) earnings from continuing operations 

$ 

$ 

1.1 
(3.5) 
-  
1.5 
4.6  
8.9  
1.1  
2.7  
-  
- 
-  
(14.7) 
7.6  
26.6  
35.9  $ 
0.3 
(28.1) $ 

- 
(0.01)
- 
- 
0.01 
0.03 
- 
0.01 
- 
- 
- 
(0.04)
0.02 
0.07 
0.09  $ 
- 
(0.07) $ 

(5.4)
(20.9) 
2.3  
- 
2.1  
0.6  
-  
-  
1.4  
(2.0)
49.0  
(2.4) 
4.0  
19.5  
48.2  $ 
0.8 
112.7  $ 

(0.01)
(0.05)
0.01 
- 
0.01 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(0.01)
0.12 
(0.01)
0.01 
0.05 
0.12 
- 
0.28 

(1) 

In the comparative period, Power recognized a non-cash loss of $49.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022 on the revaluation of the ACL on the Energas 
CSA as a result of the Cobalt Swap signed by the Corporation subsequent to the comparative period end and, in part, due to the suspension of interest over the five-
year period of the agreement. 

  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Combined spending on capital 

The Corporation defines spending on capital for each segment as property, plant and equipment and intangible asset expenditures 
on a cash basis adjusted to the accrual basis in order to account for assets that are available for use by the Corporation and the 
Moa JV prior to payment and includes adjustments to accruals. The Metals segment’s spending on capital includes the Fort Site’s 
expenditures, plus the Corporation’s 50% share of the Moa JV’s expenditures, which is accounted for using the equity method for 
accounting purposes.  

Combined spending on capital is the aggregate of each segment’s spending on capital or the Corporation’s consolidated property, 
plant and equipment and intangible asset expenditures and the property, plant and equipment and intangible asset expenditures 
of the Moa JV on a 50% basis, all adjusted to the accrual basis. 

Combined spending on capital is used by management, and management believes this information is used by investors, to analyze 
the  Corporation  and  the  Moa  JV’s  investments  in  non-current  assets  that  are  held  for  use  in  the  production  of  nickel,  cobalt, 
fertilizers, oil and gas and power generation. 

The  tables  below  reconcile  property,  plant  and  equipment  and  intangible  asset  expenditures  per  the  financial  statements  to 

combined spending on capital, expressed in Canadian dollars: 

$ millions, for the three months ended December 31 

Property, plant and equipment expenditures(2) 
Intangible asset expenditures(2) 

Adjustments: 
Accrual adjustment 
Spending on capital 

$ millions, for the three months ended December 31 

Property, plant and equipment expenditures(2) 
Intangible asset expenditures(2) 

Adjustments: 
Accrual adjustment 
Spending on capital 

$ millions, for the year ended December 31 

Property, plant and equipment expenditures(2) 
Intangible asset expenditures(2) 

Adjustments: 
Accrual adjustment 
Spending on capital 

Metals 

Power 

Other(1)

Combined  
total

Adjustment 
for Moa 
Joint Venture 

2023
Total
derived from
financial
statements

17.6  $
-  
17.6  

1.3  $
-  
1.3  

- $ 
- 
- 

18.9  $
-  
18.9  $

(13.4) $
-  
(13.4) $

5.5 
- 
5.5 

3.7  
21.3  $

-  
1.3  $

(0.1)
(0.1) $

3.6 
22.5 

Metals 

Power 

Other(1)

Combined  
total

Adjustment 
for Moa 
Joint Venture 

2022
Total
derived from
financial
statements

24.0  $
-  
24.0  

2.1  $
-  
2.1  

0.1 $ 
0.8 
0.9 

26.2  $
0.8  
27.0  $

(15.9) $
-  
(15.9) $

10.3 
0.8 
11.1 

2.7  
26.7  $

(0.5) 
1.6  $

(0.3)
0.6  $

1.9 
28.9 

Metals 

Power 

Other(1)

Combined  
total

Adjustment 
for Moa 
Joint Venture 

2023
Total
derived from
financial
statements

57.0  $
-  
57.0  

3.2  $
-  
3.2  

0.2 $ 
1.2 
1.4 

60.4  $
1.2  
61.6  $

(40.3) $
-  
(40.3) $

20.1 
1.2 
21.3 

5.7  
62.7  $

-  
3.2  $

(0.8)
0.6  $

4.9 
66.5 

$

$

$

$

$

$

Sherritt International Corporation 

65   

 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

$ millions, for the year ended December 31 

Property, plant and equipment expenditures(2) 
Intangible asset expenditures(2) 

Adjustments: 
Accrual adjustment 
Spending on capital 

$

$

Metals  

Power 

Other(1)

Combined  
total

Adjustment 
for Moa 
Joint Venture 

2022
Total
derived from
financial
statements

64.2  $
-  
64.2  

5.1  $
-  
5.1  

0.2 $ 
0.8 
1.0 

69.5  $
0.8  
70.3  $

(41.8) $
-  
(41.8) $

27.7 
0.8 
28.5 

9.9  
74.1  $

-  
5.1  $

0.3 
1.3  $

10.2 
80.5 

(1) 

(2) 

Includes property, plant and equipment and intangible asset expenditures of the Oil and Gas and Corporate segments. 
Total property, plant and equipment expenditures and total intangible asset expenditures as presented in the Corporation’s consolidated statements of cash flow. 

Combined cash provided (used) by continuing operations for operating activities and combined free cash flow 

The  Corporation  defines  cash  provided  (used)  by  continuing  operations  for  operating  activities  by  segment  as  cash  provided 
(used)  by continuing operations for  operating activities for  each segment  calculated  in  accordance with IFRS and  adjusted to 
remove  the  impact  of  cash  provided  (used)  by  wholly-owned  subsidiaries.    Combined  cash  provided  (used)  by  continuing 
operations for operating activities is the aggregate of each segment’s cash provided (used) by continuing operations for operating 
activities  including  the  Corporation’s  50%  share  of  the  Moa  JV’s  cash  provided  (used)  by  continuing  operations  for  operating 
activities, which is accounted for using the equity method of accounting and excluded from consolidated cash provided (used) by 
continuing operations for operating activities. 

The Corporation defines free cash flow for each segment as cash provided (used) by continuing operations for operating activities 
by segment, less cash expenditures on property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, including exploration and evaluation 
assets.    Combined  free  cash  flow  is  the  aggregate  of  each  segment’s  free  cash  flow  or  the  Corporation’s  consolidated  cash 
provided  (used)  by  continuing  operations  for  operating  activities,  less  consolidated  cash  expenditures  on  property,  plant  and 
equipment and intangible assets, including exploration and evaluation assets, less distributions received from Moa JV, plus cash 
provided  (used)  by  continuing  operations  for  operating  activities  for  the  Corporation’s  50%  share  of  the  Moa  JV,  less  cash 
expenditures on property, plant and equipment and intangible assets for the Corporation’s 50% share of the Moa JV. 

The Corporate segment’s cash used by continuing operations for operating activities is adjusted to exclude distributions received 
from Moa JV. Distributions from the Moa JV excluded from Corporate cash used by continuing operations for operating activities 
are included in the Adjustment for Moa Joint Venture to arrive at total cash provided (used) by continuing operations for operating 
activities per the financial statements. 

The Metals segment’s free cash flow includes the Fort Site and Metals Marketing’s free cash flow, plus the Corporation’s 50% 
share of the Moa JV’s free cash flow, which is accounted for using the equity method for accounting purposes.  

Combined  cash  provided  (used)  by  continuing  operations  for  operating  activities  and  combined  free  cash  flow  are  used  by 
management, and management believes this information is used by investors, to analyze cash flows generated from operations 
and assess its operations’ ability to provide cash or its use of cash, and in the case of combined free cash flow, after funding cash 
capital requirements, to service current and future working capital needs and service debt. 

  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  tables  below  reconcile  combined  cash  provided  (used)  by  continuing  operations  for  operating  activities  to  cash  provided 
(used) by continuing operations per the financial statements to combined free cash flow: 

$ millions, for the three months ended December 31 

Metals(1)(2)

Power

Technol-
ogies

Oil and
Gas

Corporate

Combined
total

2023

Adjustment 
for Moa 
Joint 

Total
derived
from
financial
Venture  statements

Cash provided (used) by continuing operations  
     for operating activities 

Less: 
Property, plant and equipment expenditures 
Intangible expenditures 

$

3.4  $

7.4  $

(3.5) $

(14.9) $

(12.6) $

(20.2) $

2.1  $

(18.1)

(17.6)
- 

(1.3)
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

(18.9)
- 

13.4 
- 

(5.5)
- 

Free cash flow 

$

(14.2) $

6.1  $

(3.5) $

(14.9) $

(12.6) $

(39.1) $

15.5  $

(23.6)

$ millions, for the three months ended December 31 

Cash provided (used) by continuing operations  
     for operating activities 

Less: 

Property, plant and equipment expenditures 

Intangible expenditures 

Free cash flow 

$ millions, for the year ended December 31 

Cash provided (used) by continuing operations  
     for operating activities 

Less: 
Property, plant and equipment expenditures 
Intangible expenditures 

Metals(1)(2)

Power

Technol-
ogies

Oil and
Gas

Corporate

Combined
total

2022

Adjustment 
for Moa  
Joint 

Total
derived
from
financial
Venture  statements

$

81.6  $

13.5  $

(4.5) $

(1.7) $

(19.9) $

69.0  $

(28.7) $

40.3 

(23.9) 

-  

(1.5) 

-  

-  

-  

-  

(0.2) 

(0.2) 

-  

(25.6) 

(0.2) 

15.9  

-  

$

57.7  $

12.0  $

(4.5) $

(1.9) $

(20.1) $

43.2  $

(12.8) $

(9.7)

(0.2)

30.4 

2023

Metals(3)(4)

Power 

Technol-
ogies

Oil and
Gas

Corporate

Combined
total

Adjustment 
for Moa 
Joint 

Total
derived
from
financial
Venture  statements

$

115.9  $

16.9  $

(16.5) $

(11.1) $

(59.5) $

45.7  $

(17.5) $

28.2 

Free cash flow 

$

58.9  $

13.7  $

(16.5) $

(12.5) $

(59.5) $

(15.9) $

22.8  $

(57.0)
- 

(3.2)
- 

- 
- 

(0.2)
(1.2)

- 
- 

(60.4)
(1.2)

40.3 
- 

(20.1)
(1.2)

6.9 

Sherritt International Corporation 

67   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

$ millions, for the year ended December 31 

Metals(3)(4)

Power 

Technol-
ogies

Oil and 

Gas  Corporate

Combined
total

2022

Adjustment 
for Moa  
Joint 

Total
derived
from
financial
Venture  statements

Cash provided (used) by continuing operations  
     for operating activities 

Less: 

Property, plant and equipment expenditures 

Intangible expenditures 

Free cash flow 

$

171.6  $

37.4  $

(15.1) $

(3.9) $

(54.6) $

135.4  $

(45.1) $

90.3 

(64.2) 

-  

(5.1) 

-  

-  

-  

(0.1) 

(0.8) 

(0.1) 

-  

(69.5) 

(0.8) 

41.8  

-  

$

107.4  $

32.3  $

(15.1) $

(4.8) $

(54.7) $

65.1  $

(3.3) $

(27.7)

(0.8)

61.8 

(1)  Cash (used) provided by continuing operations for operating activities for the Moa JV, Fort Site and Metals Marketing was $(2.2) million, $4.0 million and $1.6 million, 

(2) 

respectively, for the three months ended December 31, 2023 (December 31, 2022 - $85.8 million, $(0.1) million and $(4.1) million, respectively). 
Property,  plant  and  equipment  expenditures  and  intangible  expenditures  for  the  Moa  JV,  Fort  Site  and  Metals  Marketing  was  $13.5  million,  $4.1  million  and  nil, 
respectively, for the three months ended December 31, 2023 (December 31, 2022 - $15.9 million, $8.0 million and nil, respectively). 

(3)  Cash provided (used) by continuing operations for operating activities for the Moa JV, Fort Site and Metals Marketing was $49.4 million, $(13.4) million and $79.9 

(4) 

million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2023 (December 31, 2022 - $145.8 million, $31.3 million and $(5.5) million, respectively). 
Property,  plant  and  equipment  expenditures  and  intangible  expenditures  for  the  Moa  JV,  Fort  Site  and  Metals  Marketing  was  $40.3  million,  $16.7  million  and  nil, 
respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2023 (December 31, 2022 - $41.8 million, $22.4 million and nil, respectively). 

  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 

This MD&A contains certain forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements can generally be identified by the use of 
statements that include such words as “believe”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “intend”, “plan”, “forecast”, “likely”, “may”, “will”, “could”, 
“should”, “suspect”, “outlook”, “potential”, “projected”, “continue” or other similar words or phrases. Specifically, forward-looking 
statements in this document include, but are not limited to, statements regarding strategies, plans and  estimated production 
amounts  resulting  from  expansion  of  mining  operations  at  the  Moa  Joint  Venture;  growing  and  increasing  nickel  and  cobalt 
production; the Moa Joint Venture expansion program update as it relates to the Slurry Preparation Plant and the Processing 
Plant;  statements  set  out  in  the  “Outlook”  section  of  this  MD&A  and  certain  expectations  regarding  production  volumes  and 
increases, inventory levels, operating costs and capital spending and intensity; sales volumes; revenue, costs and earnings; the 
availability of additional gas supplies to be used for power generation; the effect of maintenance challenges at the Moa mine, 
refinery and fertilizer operations; the timing of repayments of the revolving line of credit by the Moa JV, the amount and timing 
of dividend distributions from the Moa JV, including in the form of finished cobalt or cash under the Cobalt Swap, sales of finished 
cobalt and associated receipts related to the cobalt received pursuant to the Cobalt Swap; timing and development of strategic 
growth  and  commercial  opportunities  and  partnerships  in  Technologies  projects;  growing  shareholder  value;  expected 
annualized employee cost savings on the corporate restructuring in January 2024; the impact of the U.S. sanctions on Cuba; 
anticipated economic conditions in Cuba; sufficiency of working capital management and capital project funding; strengthening 
the Corporation’s capital structure and amounts of certain other commitments.  

Forward-looking statements are not based on historical facts, but rather on current expectations, assumptions and projections 
about future events, including commodity and product prices and demand; the level of liquidity and access to funding; share 
price volatility; production results; realized prices for production; earnings and revenues; global demand for electric vehicles and 
the  anticipated  corresponding  demand  for  cobalt  and  nickel;  the  commercialization  of  certain  proprietary  technologies  and 
services; advancements in environmental and greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction technology; GHG emissions reduction goals 
and  the  anticipated  timing  of  achieving  such  goals,  if  at  all;  statistics  and  metrics  relating  to  Environmental,  Social  and 
Governance (ESG) matters which are based on assumptions or developing standards; environmental rehabilitation provisions; 
environmental  risks  and  liabilities;  compliance  with  applicable  environmental  laws  and  regulations;  risks  related  to  the  U.S. 
government policy toward Cuba; and certain corporate objectives, goals and plans for 2024. By their nature, forward-looking 
statements require the Corporation to make assumptions and are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties. There is significant 
risk that predictions, forecasts, conclusions or projections will not prove to be accurate, that the assumptions may not be correct 
and that actual results may differ materially from such predictions, forecasts, conclusions or projections.  

The Corporation cautions readers of this MD&A not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement as a number of 
factors  could  cause  actual  future  results,  conditions,  actions  or  events  to  differ  materially  from  the  targets,  expectations, 
estimates or intentions expressed in the forward-looking statements. These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but 
are not limited to, security market fluctuations and price volatility; level of liquidity and the related ability of the Moa Joint Venture 
to  pay  dividends;  access  to  capital;  access  to  financing;  the  risk  to  Sherritt’s  entitlements  to  future  distributions  (including 
pursuant to the Cobalt Swap) from the Moa Joint Venture, the impact of global conflicts; changes in the global price for nickel, 
cobalt, oil, gas, fertilizers or certain other commodities; risks related to Sherritt’s operations in Cuba; risks related to the U.S. 
government policy toward Cuba, including the U.S. embargo on Cuba and the Helms-Burton legislation; political, economic and 
other  risks  of  foreign  operations;  uncertainty  in  the  ability  of  the  Corporation  to  enforce  legal  rights  in  foreign  jurisdictions; 
uncertainty  regarding  the  interpretation  and/or  application  of  the  applicable  laws  in  foreign  jurisdictions;  risk  of  future  non-
compliance with debt restrictions and covenant; risks related to environmental liabilities including liability for reclamation costs, 
tailings facility failures and toxic gas releases; compliance with applicable environment, health and safety legislation and other 
associated matters; risks associated with governmental regulations regarding climate change and greenhouse gas emissions; 
risks relating to community relations;  maintaining  social license to grow and operate; uncertainty about the pace of technological 
advancements  required  in  relation  to  achieving  ESG  targets;  risks  to  information  technologies  systems  and  cybersecurity; 
identification and management of growth opportunities; the ability to replace depleted mineral reserves; risks associated with 
the Corporation’s joint venture partners; variability in production at Sherritt’s operations in Cuba; risks associated with mining, 
processing and refining activities; risks associated with the operation of large projects generally; risks related to the accuracy of 
capital  and  operating  cost  estimates;  the  possibility  of  equipment  and  other  failures;  potential  interruptions  in  transportation; 
uncertainty  of  gas  supply  for  electrical  generation;  reliance  on  key  personnel  and  skilled  workers;  growth  opportunity  risks; 
uncertainty of resources and reserve estimates; the potential for shortages of equipment and supplies, including diesel; supplies 
quality issues; risks related to the Corporation’s corporate structure; foreign exchange and pricing risks;  credit risks; shortage 
of  equipment  and  supplies;  competition  in  product  markets;  future  market  access;  interest  rate  changes;  risks  in  obtaining 
insurance; uncertainties in labour relations; legal contingencies; risks related to the Corporation’s accounting policies; uncertainty 
in  the  ability  of  the  Corporation  to  obtain  government  permits;  failure  to  comply  with,  or  changes  to,  applicable  government 
regulations;  bribery  and  corruption  risks,  including  failure  to  comply  with  the  Corruption  of  Foreign  Public  Officials  Act  or 

Sherritt International Corporation 

69   

 
 
Management’s discussion and analysis 

applicable local anti-corruption law; the ability to accomplish corporate objectives, goals and plans for 2024; and the ability to 
meet other factors listed from time to time in the Corporation’s continuous disclosure documents.  

The Corporation, together with its Moa Joint Venture is pursuing a range of growth and expansion opportunities, including without 
limitation, process technology solutions, development projects, commercial implementation opportunities, life of mine extension 
opportunities and the conversion of mineral resources to reserves. In addition to the risks noted above, factors that could, alone 
or  in  combination,  prevent  the  Corporation  from  successfully  achieving  these  opportunities  may  include,  without  limitation: 
identifying  suitable  commercialization  and  other  partners;  successfully  advancing  discussions  and  successfully  concluding 
applicable agreements with external parties and/or partners; successfully attracting required financing; successfully developing 
and proving technology required for the potential opportunity; successfully overcoming technical and technological challenges; 
successful  environmental  assessment  and  stakeholder  engagement;  successfully  obtaining  intellectual  property  protection; 
successfully completing test work and engineering studies, prefeasibility and feasibility studies, piloting, scaling from small scale 
to large scale production, procurement, construction, commissioning, ramp-up to commercial scale production and completion; 
and  securing  regulatory  and  government  approvals.  There  can  be  no  assurance  that  any  opportunity  will  be  successful, 
commercially viable, completed on time or on budget, or will generate any meaningful revenues, savings or earnings, as the 
case may be, for the Corporation. In addition, the Corporation will incur costs in pursuing any particular opportunity, which may 
be significant.  Readers are cautioned that the foregoing list of factors is not exhaustive and should be considered in conjunction 
with  the  risk  factors  described  in  the  Corporation’s  other  documents  filed  with  the  Canadian  securities  authorities,  including 
without limitation the Annual Information Form of the Corporation dated March 31, 2023 for the period ending December 31, 
2022, which is available on SEDAR at www.sedarplus.ca.  

The  Corporation  may,  from  time  to  time,  make  oral  forward-looking  statements.  The  Corporation  advises  that  the  above 
paragraph  and  the  risk  factors  described  in  this  MD&A  and  in  the  Corporation’s  other  documents  filed  with  the  Canadian 
securities authorities should be read for a description of certain factors that could cause the actual results of the Corporation to 
differ materially from those in the oral forward-looking statements. The forward-looking information and statements contained in 
this MD&A are made as of the date hereof and the Corporation undertakes no obligation to update publicly or revise any oral or 
written forward-looking information or statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as 
required by applicable securities laws. The forward-looking information and statements contained herein are expressly qualified 
in their entirety by this cautionary statement. 

  

 
 
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS  

As at and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Management’s report 
Independent auditor’s report 
Consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income 
Consolidated statements of financial position  
Consolidated statements of cash flow 
Consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity 

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
Note 1 – Nature of operations and corporate information 
Note 2 – Basis of presentation and material accounting policies 
Note 3 – Critical accounting estimates and judgments 
Note 4 – Accounting pronouncements 
Note 5 – Segmented information 
Note 6 – Expenses 
Note 7 – Joint arrangements 
Note 8 – Net finance expense 
Note 9 – Income taxes 
Note 10 – (Loss) earnings per share 
Note 11 – Financial instruments 
Note 12 – Advances, loans receivable and other financial assets 
Note 13 – Inventories 
Note 14 – Non-financial assets 
Note 15 – Loans, borrowings and other financial liabilities 
Note 16 – Provisions, guarantees and contingencies 
Note 17 – Share-based compensation plans 
Note 18 – Commitments for expenditures 
Note 19 – Supplemental cash flow information 
Note 20 – Shareholders’ equity 
Note 21 – Financial risk and capital risk management 
Note 22 – Related party transactions 
Note 23 – Leases 

                72 
73 
78 
79 
80 
                81 

                82 
82 
95 
98 

                100 
103 

                104      

106 
107 
108 
109 
112 
113 
114 
116 
119 
121 
124 
125 
125 
126 
                129 
130 

Sherritt International Corporation  71   

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated financial statements 

Management’s report 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of Sherritt International Corporation’s (“Sherritt” or the 
“Corporation”) management. They have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued 
by  the  International  Accounting  Standards  Board  and  include  amounts  based  on  estimates  and  judgments. Management  has 
determined such amounts on a reasonable basis in order to ensure that the consolidated financial statements are presented fairly, 
in all material respects. 

Management has developed and maintains a system of internal control to provide reasonable assurance that the Corporation’s 
assets are safeguarded, transactions are authorized and the consolidated financial statements are complete and accurate. 

The consolidated financial statements are approved by the Board of Directors on the recommendation of the Audit Committee. 
The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors is composed entirely of independent directors. Sherritt’s consolidated financial 
statements are reviewed by the Audit Committee with management before the consolidated financial statements are approved by 
the Board of Directors. In addition, the Audit Committee has the duty to review the accounting principles and practices applied 
and  followed  by  the  Corporation  during  the  fiscal  year,  including  critical  accounting  policies  and  significant  estimates  and 
judgments underlying the consolidated financial statements as presented by management.  Deloitte LLP (“Deloitte”) performs an 
audit  of the consolidated financial statements, the results of which are reflected  in their  independent  auditor’s report for 2023 
included on the next page. Deloitte has full and independent access to the Audit Committee to discuss their audit and related 
matters.  In  addition,  Sherritt  has  an  internal  audit  function  that  evaluates  and  formally  reports  to  management  and  the  Audit 
Committee on the adequacy and effectiveness of internal controls specified in the approved annual internal audit plan. 

/s/ Leon Binedell 

Leon Binedell 
President and Chief Executive Officer 

February 7, 2024 

/s/ Yasmin Gabriel 

Yasmin Gabriel 
Chief Financial Officer 

72  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deloitte LLP 
Bay Adelaide East 
8 Adelaide Street West 
Suite 200 
Toronto ON  M5H 0A9 
Canada 

Tel: 416-601-6150 
Fax: 416-601-6151 
www.deloitte.ca 

Independent Auditor’s Report 

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Sherritt International Corporation 

Opinion 

We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Sherritt International Corporation (the 
"Corporation"), which comprise the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 
2023 and December 31, 2022, and the consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income, 
changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flow for the years then ended, and notes to the consolidated 
financial statements, including material accounting policy information (collectively referred to as the 
"financial statements"). 

In our opinion, the accompanying financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial 
position of the Corporation as at December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, and its financial 
performance and its cash flows for the years then ended in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards ("IFRS"). 

Basis for Opinion 

We conducted our audit in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards ("Canadian 
GAAS"). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities 
for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Corporation in 
accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in 
Canada, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. 
We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for 
our opinion. 

Key Audit Matters 

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our 
audit of the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023. These matters 
were addressed in the context of our audit of the consolidated financial statements as a whole, and in 
forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. 

Assessment    ofofofof    whether
Assessment
the 
notes    2,2,2,2,    3333    andandandand    14141414    ofofofof    the 
Refer    totototo    notes
Exist    ––––    Refer
Impairment    Exist
Indicators    ofofofof    Impairment
whether    Indicators
the 
the 
notes
notes
Refer
Refer
Exist
Exist
Impairment
Impairment
Indicators
Indicators
whether
whether
Assessment
Assessment
Statements    
Financial    Statements
Financial
Statements
Statements
Financial
Financial

Key Audit Matter Description 

The Corporation’s determination of whether or not an indicator of impairment exists requires significant 
management judgment. 

 
 
 
 
 
While there are several inputs that are required to determine whether or not an indicator of impairment 
exists, the judgments with the highest degree of subjectivity are the inputs to the Corporation’s market 
capitalization deficiency assessment (specifically, control premiums, industry-specific factors and 
corporation-specific factors), future commodity prices (nickel and cobalt), and the discount rates. 
Auditing these judgments required a high degree of subjectivity in applying audit procedures and in 
evaluating the results of those procedures. This resulted in an increased extent of audit effort, including 
the involvement of valuation specialists. 

How the Key Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit 

With the assistance of valuation specialists, our audit procedures related to inputs to the Corporation’s 
market capitalization deficiency assessment (specifically, control premiums, industry-specific factors and 
corporation-specific factors), future commodity prices (nickel and cobalt), future foreign exchange rates 
and the discount rate, included the following, among others: 

•  Performed an assessment of the market capitalization to the carrying value of the cash generating 

units (“CGUs”) which included assessing control premiums, industry-specific factors, and corporation- 
specific factors. 

•  Evaluated the reasonableness of future commodity prices (nickel and cobalt) by comparing 

management’s forecasts to third-party forecasts. 

•  Evaluated the reasonableness of the future foreign exchange rates by comparing our independent 

research of forecasted rates to management’s assumed rates. 

•  Evaluated the reasonableness of the discount rate by testing the source information underlying the 

determination of the discount rate and developing a range of independent estimates for the discount 
rate and comparing those to the discount rate selected by management. 

Valuation
the Financial 
notes    2,2,2,2,    8,8,8,8,    11,11,11,11,    12121212    andandandand    15151515    ofofofof    the Financial 
Refer    totototo    notes
Financial Instruments    ––––    Refer
of Level    3333    Financial Instruments
Valuation    of Level
the Financial 
the Financial 
notes
notes
Refer
Refer
Financial Instruments
Financial Instruments
of Level
of Level
Valuation
Valuation
Statements    
Statements
Statements
Statements

Key Audit Matter Description 

The Corporation entered into an agreement to settle its total outstanding Cuban receivables and as a 
result of the transaction the Corporation recorded a financial asset (“GNC receivable”) and a financial 
liability (“Energas payable”) at fair value. The fair value of the financial asset and the financial liability are 
estimated at each reporting date using a Monte Carlo simulation model which requires management to 
make significant estimates and assumptions related to forecasted in-kind cobalt prices and discount rates. 

While there are several inputs required to determine the fair value of the financial asset and the financial 
liability, the estimates and assumptions with the highest degree of subjectivity and judgment uncertainty 
relate to the forecasted in-kind cobalt prices and discount rates. Auditing these assumptions and 
estimates resulted in an increased extent of audit effort, including the involvement of our valuation 
specialists. 

 
 
 
 
 
How the Key Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit 

With the assistance of our fair value specialists, our audit procedures related to the forecasted in-kind 
cobalt prices and discount rates, included the following, among others: 
•  Evaluated the reasonableness of the forecasted in-kind cobalt prices by comparing management’s 

forecasts to third-party information and testing the source information underlying the determination 
of the forecasted in-kind cobalt prices. 

•  Evaluated the reasonableness of the discount rates by testing the source information underlying the 
determination of the discount rates and developing a range of independent estimates for the 
discount rates and comparing those to the discount rates selected by management. 

Other Information 

Management is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises: 

•  Management's Discussion and Analysis 

•  The information, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon, in the Annual 

Report. 

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not and will not 
express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. In connection with our audit of the financial 
statements, our responsibility is to read the other information identified above and, in doing so, consider 
whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements, or our knowledge 
obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. 

We obtained Management’s Discussion and Analysis prior to the date of this auditor’s report. If, based on 
the work we have performed on this other information, we conclude that there is a material 
misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact in this auditor’s report. We 
have nothing to report in this regard. 

The Annual Report is expected to be made available to us after the date of the auditor's report. If, based 
on the work we will perform on this other information, we conclude that there is a material misstatement 
of this other information, we are required to report that fact to those charged with governance. 

Responsibilities of Management and Those Charged with Governance for the 
Financial Statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in 
accordance with IFRS, and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable the 
preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or 
error. 

In preparing the financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Corporation’s ability 
to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the 
going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Corporation or to 
cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Corporation's financial reporting 
process. 

Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are 
free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that 
includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an 
audit conducted in accordance with Canadian GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it 
exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the 
aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the 
basis of these financial statements. 

As part of an audit in accordance with Canadian GAAS, we exercise professional judgment and maintain 
professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also: 

•  Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to 
fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit 
evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting 
a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may 
involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal 
control. 

•  Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures 
that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the 
effectiveness of the Corporation’s internal control. 

•  Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting 

estimates and related disclosures made by management. 

•  Conclude on the appropriateness of management’s use of the going concern basis of accounting and, 
based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or 
conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Corporation’s ability to continue as a going concern. 
If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s 
report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to 
modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our 
auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Corporation to cease to 
continue as a going concern. 

•  Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the 

disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in 
a manner that achieves fair presentation. 

•  Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or 

business activities within the Corporation to express an opinion on the financial statements. We are 
responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely 
responsible for our audit opinion. 

We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned 
scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in 
internal control that we identify during our audit. 

We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant 
ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other 

matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related 
safeguards. 

From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that 
were of most significance in the audit of the consolidated financial statements of the current period and 
are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor's report unless law or 
regulation precludes public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare circumstances, we 
determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences 
of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such 
communication. 

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditor’s report is Antonio Ciciretto. 

/s//s//s//s/     Deloitte
Deloitte    LLPLLPLLPLLP    
Deloitte
Deloitte

Chartered Professional Accountants 
Licensed Public Accountants 
February 7, 2024 

 
 
 
Consolidated financial statements 

Consolidated  statements  of  comprehensive  (loss) 
income 

Canadian $ millions, except per share amounts, for the years ended December 31 

Note

2023

2022

Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Administrative expenses 
Impairment of intangible assets 
Share of earnings of Moa Joint Venture, net of tax 
(Loss) earnings from operations and joint venture 
Interest income on financial assets measured at amortized cost 
Revaluation of allowances for expected credit losses 
Other financing items 
Financing expense 
Net finance expense 
(Loss) earnings before income tax 
Income tax (expense) recoveries 
Net (loss) earnings from continuing operations 
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax 
Net (loss) earnings for the year 

Other comprehensive (loss) income 
Items that may be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss: 

Foreign currency translation differences on foreign operations, net of  
    tax (nil and nil, respectively) 

Items that will not be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss: 

Actuarial (losses) gains on pension plans, net of tax (nil and nil,  
    respectively) 

Other comprehensive (loss) income 
Total comprehensive (loss) income 

Net (loss) earnings from continuing operations per common share: 
Basic and diluted 

Net (loss) earnings per common share: 
Basic and diluted 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

5 $
6
6
14
7

8
8
8
8

9

20

20

$

$

223.3  $
(265.5)
(23.1)
- 
21.9 
(43.4)
0.8 
- 
17.0 
(36.5)
(18.7)
(62.1)
(2.2)
(64.3)
(0.3)
(64.6) $

178.8 
(162.7)
(36.9)
(1.3)
140.8 
118.7 
12.0 
(49.4)
20.6 
(38.6)
(55.4)
63.3 
0.4 
63.7 
(0.2)
63.5 

(17.2)

45.8 

(0.2)

(17.4)
(82.0) $

0.6 

46.4 
109.9 

10 $

(0.16) $

0.16 

10 $

(0.16) $

0.16 

78  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statements of financial position 

Canadian $ millions, as at 

ASSETS 
Current assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Restricted cash 
Advances, loans receivable and other financial assets 
Trade accounts receivable, net 
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses 

Non-current assets 
Investment in Moa Joint Venture 
Advances, loans receivable and other financial assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Intangible assets 
Other non-financial assets 
Deferred income taxes 

Total assets 

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY 
Current liabilities 
Loans and borrowings 
Trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Other financial liabilities 
Deferred revenue 
Provisions 
Income taxes payable 

Non-current liabilities 
Loans and borrowings 
Other financial liabilities 
Other non-financial liabilities 
Provisions 
Deferred income taxes 

Total liabilities 

Shareholders' equity 
Capital stock 
Deficit 
Reserves 
Accumulated other comprehensive income 

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 

Commitments for expenditures (note 18) 

Note

December 31

December 31

2023

2022

123.9 
1.4 
74.8 
186.4 
37.7 
5.1 
429.3 

756.0 
207.1 
148.6 
13.8 
0.8 
- 
1,126.3 
1,555.6 

46.5 
209.7 
81.8 
12.9 
15.7 
1.0 
367.6 

304.4 
88.4 
9.4 
90.5 
0.4 
493.1 
860.7 

11 $

12
11
13

7
12
14
14

9

$

119.1  $
1.4 
79.8 
151.1 
39.8 
7.8 
399.0 

646.7 
170.2 
159.2 
14.5 
0.6 
0.4 
991.6 
1,390.6  $

15 $

56.8  $

169.2 
22.5 
12.2 
24.4 
2.2 
287.3 

298.8 
74.6 
12.1 
103.6 
0.6 
489.7 
777.0 

15

16

15
15

16
9

20

20
20

2,894.9 
(2,899.6)
234.1 
384.2 
613.6 
1,390.6  $

2,894.9 
(2,835.0)
233.4 
401.6 
694.9 
1,555.6 

$

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Approved by the Board of Directors on February 7, 2024, 

/s/ John Warwick 

John Warwick 
Director  

/s/ Sir Richard Lapthorne 

Sir Richard Lapthorne 

Director  

Sherritt International Corporation  79   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated financial statements 

Consolidated statements of cash flow 

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

Operating activities 
Net (loss) earnings from continuing operations 
Add (deduct): 
  Finished cobalt cost of sales 
  Depletion, depreciation and amortization 
  Share-based compensation (recovery) expense 
  Share of earnings of Moa Joint Venture, net of tax 

Impairment of intangible assets 
Inventory write-down/obsolescence 

  Net finance expense 

Income tax expense (recoveries) 
Loss on environmental rehabilitation provisions 

Net change in non-cash working capital 
Interest received 
Interest paid 
Income taxes paid 
Proceeds from Cobalt Swap 
Distributions received from Moa Joint Venture - Cobalt Swap 
Distributions received from Moa Joint Venture - normal course 
Share-based compensation payments 
Liabilities settled for environmental rehabilitation provisions 
Other operating items 
Cash provided by continuing operations 
Cash used by discontinued operations 
Cash provided by operating activities 

Investing activities 
Property, plant and equipment expenditures 
Intangible asset expenditures 
Increase in advances, loans receivable and other financial assets 
Receipts of advances, loans receivable and other financial assets 
Net proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment 
Cash used by continuing operations 
Cash used by investing activities 

Financing activities 
Repurchase of notes 
Increase in loans and borrowings 
Repayment of other financial liabilities 
Fees paid on repurchase of notes 
Cash used by continuing operations 
Cash used by financing activities 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

80  Sherritt International Corporation 

Note

2023

2022 

$

(64.3) $

63.7 

6
5, 6
17, 6 
7
14
6
8 
9
6
19

19

5
7, 19
7

16

5
5
12
12

15
15

8

86.1 
14.3 
(1.5)
(21.9)
- 
9.8 
18.7 
2.2 
22.9 
(93.6)
2.8 
(28.3)
(1.1)
80.3 
32.0 
- 
(24.9)
(5.9)
0.6 
28.2 
(0.9)
27.3 

(20.1)
(1.2)
(30.0)
32.9 
- 
(18.4)
(18.4)

(7.8)
13.0 
(16.8)
(0.1)

(11.7)
(11.7)
(2.0)
(4.8)
123.9 
119.1  $

11 $

- 
26.0 
17.5 
(140.8)
1.3 
0.7 
55.4 
(0.4)
15.0 
(10.6)
2.8 
(32.0)
(0.6)
- 
- 
100.6 
(5.8)
(0.5)
(2.0)
90.3 
(1.6)
88.7 

(27.7)
(0.8)
- 
3.8 
1.3 
(23.4)
(23.4)

(125.2)
37.0 
(2.9)
(2.2)

(93.3)
(93.3)
6.3 
(21.7)
145.6 
123.9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated statements of changes in 
shareholders’ equity 

Canadian $ millions 

Note 

Capital

stock

Accumulated

other
comprehensive

Deficit

Reserves

income

Total

Balance as at December 31, 2021 

$ 2,894.9  $

(2,898.5) $

233.4  $

355.2  $

585.0 

Total comprehensive income: 
  Net earnings for the year 

Foreign currency translation differences on foreign operations,  
    net of tax 

  Actuarial gains on pension plans, net of tax 

Balance as at December 31, 2022 

Total comprehensive loss: 
  Net loss for the year 

Foreign currency translation differences on foreign operations,  
    net of tax 

  Actuarial losses on pension plans, net of tax 

Stock option plan expense 
Balance as at December 31, 2023 

20 

20 

20 

20 

20 

- 

- 

- 
- 

63.5 

- 

- 
63.5 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

45.8 

0.6 
46.4 

63.5 

45.8 

0.6 
109.9 

2,894.9 

(2,835.0)

233.4 

401.6 

694.9 

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

(64.6)

- 

- 
(64.6)

- 

$  2,894.9  $

(2,899.6) $

- 

- 

- 
- 

- 

(17.2)

(0.2)
(17.4)

(64.6)

(17.2)

(0.2)
(82.0)

0.7 
234.1  $

- 

384.2  $

0.7 
613.6 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

Sherritt International Corporation  81   

 
  
    
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

(All dollar amounts presented in tables are expressed in millions of Canadian dollars except share and per share amounts)  

 1.  NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND CORPORATE INFORMATION 

Sherritt International Corporation (“Sherritt” or “the Corporation”) is a world leader in using hydrometallurgical processes to mine 
and  refine  nickel  and  cobalt  –  metals  deemed  critical  for  the  energy  transition.    Sherritt’s  Moa  Joint  Venture  has  a  current 
estimated  mine  life  of  25  years  and  has  embarked  on  an  expansion  program  focused  on  increasing  annual  mixed  sulphide 
precipitate production by 20% or 6,500 tonnes of contained nickel and cobalt (100% basis). The Corporation’s Power division, 
through its ownership in Energas S.A., is the largest independent energy producer in Cuba with installed electrical generating 
capacity  of  506  MW,  representing  approximately  10%  of  the  national  electrical  generating  capacity  in  Cuba.    The  Energas 
facilities are comprised of two combined cycle plants that produce low-cost electricity from one of the lowest carbon emitting 
sources of power in Cuba.   

The Corporation is domiciled in Ontario, Canada and its registered office is 22 Adelaide Street West, Toronto, Ontario, M5H 4E3.  
These  consolidated  financial  statements  were  approved  and  authorized  for  issuance  by  the  Board  of  Directors  of  Sherritt  on 
February 7, 2024.  The Corporation is listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol “S”.   

2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

2.1 Basis of presentation 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  of  the  Corporation  are  prepared  in  accordance  with  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards (IFRS), as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).  All financial information is presented in 
millions of Canadian dollars rounded to the nearest hundred thousand, except as otherwise noted.  References to “US$” are to 
United States (U.S.) dollars and to “€” are to euro. 

The consolidated financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis, under the historical cost convention, except for 
certain financial assets  and liabilities and  cash-settled share-based  payments, which  have been measured at fair value.  The 
going concern basis assumes that the Corporation will continue in operation for the foreseeable future and will be able to realize 
its assets and discharge its liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. 

The Corporation has consistently applied the same accounting policies and methods of computation to all periods presented. 

2.2 Principles of consolidation 

These consolidated financial statements include the financial position, financial performance and cash flows of the Corporation, 
its subsidiaries, its interest in a joint venture and its share of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses related to its interest in a 
joint operation. Intercompany balances, transactions, income and expenses, profits and losses, including gains and losses relating 
to subsidiaries and a joint operation have been eliminated on consolidation. 

82   Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
The Corporation’s significant subsidiaries and joint arrangements are as follows: 

Moa Joint Venture ("Moa JV") 

Composed of the following operating companies: 

International Cobalt Company Inc. 
Moa Nickel S.A. 
The Cobalt Refinery Company Inc. 

Power 

Energas S.A. ("Energas") 

Oil and Gas 

Composed of the following operating companies: 
Sherritt International (Cuba) Oil and Gas Ltd. 
Sherritt International Oil and Gas Ltd. 

Relationship 

Economic 
interest 

Basis of  
accounting 

Joint venture 

50% 

Equity method 

Joint operation 

33⅓% 

Share of assets, liabilities, 
revenues and expenses 

Subsidiary 
Subsidiary 

100% 
100% 

Consolidation 
Consolidation 

The Fort Site, Technologies and Corporate operations are a part of Sherritt International Corporation, the parent company, and 
are not separate legal entities. 

Subsidiaries 

Subsidiaries are entities over which the Corporation has control. Control is defined as when the Corporation is exposed or has 
rights to the variable returns from the subsidiary and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the subsidiary.  
Power is defined as existing rights that give the Corporation the ability to direct the relevant activities of the subsidiary.  Subsidiaries 
are fully consolidated from the date control is transferred to the Corporation and are de-consolidated from the date control ceases. 

Joint arrangements 

A joint arrangement is an arrangement whereby two or more parties have joint control. Joint control is considered to be when all 
parties to the joint arrangement, which share control, are required to reach unanimous consent over decisions about relevant 
business activities pertaining to the contractual arrangement. The Corporation has two types of joint arrangements: a joint venture 
and a joint operation. 

2.3 Foreign currency translation  

The consolidated financial statements are presented in Canadian dollars, the Corporation’s functional and presentation currency. 

Translation of foreign entities 

The functional currency for each of the Corporation’s subsidiaries and joint arrangements is the currency of the primary economic 
environment in which it operates. Operations with foreign functional currencies are translated into the Corporation’s presentation 
currency in the following manner: 

  Monetary and non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated at the spot exchange rate in effect at the reporting 

date;   

  Revenue and expense items (including depletion, depreciation and amortization) are translated at the average rates of 

exchange prevailing during the period, which approximate the exchange rates on the transaction dates;  

 

Impairment of assets are translated at the prevailing rate of exchange on the date of the impairment recognition; and 

  Exchange gains and losses that result from translation are recognized as foreign currency translation differences on 

foreign operations in accumulated other comprehensive income. 

Translation of transactions and balances 

Operations with transactions in currencies other than the entity’s functional currency are recognized at the rates of exchange 
prevailing at the date of the transaction as follows: 

  Monetary assets and liabilities are translated at current rates of exchange with the resulting gains or losses recognized 

within financing expense in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss); 

Sherritt International Corporation   83   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

  Non-monetary items are translated at historical exchange rates; and 

  Revenue  and  expense  items  are  translated  at  the  average  rates  of  exchange  prevailing  during  the  period,  except 
depletion, depreciation and amortization, which are translated at the rates of exchange applicable to the related assets, 
with any gains or losses recognized within financing expense in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income 
(loss). 

2.4 Consolidated statements of cash flow 

The Corporation presents the consolidated statements of cash flow using the indirect method.  The Corporation presents interest 
received and interest paid as operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flow.  Dividends paid are presented as a 
financing activity, while distributions received are presented as an operating activity in the consolidated statements of cash flow.  

2.5 Segmented information 

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described throughout the notes to the financial statements and 
are measured in a manner consistent with that of the consolidated financial statements.  

Reportable segments 

The Corporation has determined the following to be reportable segments based on qualitative and quantitative considerations 
discussed within the critical accounting estimates and judgments section below: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

The Metals segment is composed of mining, processing and refining activities of nickel and cobalt for the Corporation’s 
50% interest in the Moa JV in Cuba and Canada, which is accounted for using the equity method of accounting, and 
the production and sale of agricultural fertilizers for its 100% interest in the utility and fertilizer operations of the Fort 
Site in Fort Saskatchewan and the Corporation’s wholly-owned subsidiaries established to buy, market and sell certain 
of the Moa JV’s nickel and cobalt production and the Corporation’s cobalt inventories received under the Cobalt Swap 
agreement; 

The Power segment represents the power operations in Cuba, including the Corporation’s one-third interest in Energas, 
which construct and operate power generation facilities that provide electricity in Cuba;  

The Technologies segment represents the Corporation’s technology group which delivers essential technical support, 
process optimization and technology development services to improve operations and support growth initiatives at the 
Moa  JV  and  the  Fort  Site  operations;  is  a  key  differentiator  and  enabler  of  Sherritt’s  business  development  efforts 
primarily focused on near-term partnerships and development opportunities to expand midstream processing capacity 
of critical minerals for the electric vehicle supply chain; and provides technical services and innovative process solutions 
to external parties; 

The Oil and Gas segment is not currently producing or exploring for oil and gas in Cuba and its financial results relate 
to  ancillary  drilling  services,  provided  to  a  customer  and  Union  Cuba  Petroleo  (CUPET),  and  environmental 
rehabilitation costs for legacy assets in Spain, which are non-core operating activities of the Corporation. The wells 
drilled for CUPET provide gas to Energas for power generation; and 

The  Corporate  segment  represents  overall  management  of  the  Corporation’s  joint  operations  and  subsidiaries  and 
general corporate activities related to public companies, including business and market development, management of 
cash, publicly-traded debt and government relations.   

2.6 Revenue recognition 

Revenue from the sale of goods and services is recognized when the Corporation transfers control of the good or service to the 
customer, reflecting the amount of consideration to which the Corporation expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or 
services.    Control  generally  transfers  to  the  customer  upon  shipment  or  delivery  to  the  destination,  as  specified  in  the  sales 
contract. 

84   Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Metals 

Consolidated revenue excludes the revenue of the equity-accounted investment in the Moa JV.  The Corporation recognizes its 
share of revenue of the Moa JV within the share of earnings (loss) of Moa Joint Venture, net of tax in the consolidated statements 
of comprehensive (loss) income. 

Certain nickel and cobalt sales in the Metals reportable segment are provisionally priced, with the selling price subject to final 
adjustment at the end of a quotation period, in accordance with the terms of the sale. The quotation period is normally within 90 
days after shipment to the customer, and final pricing is based on a reference price established at the end of the quotation period. 

Revenue from provisionally priced sales is initially recorded at the estimated fair value of the consideration that is expected to be 
ultimately  received  based  on  forecast  reference  prices.  At  each  reporting  date,  all  outstanding  receivables  originating  from 
provisionally  priced  sales  are  revalued  based  on  forecast  reference  prices  at  that  time.  The  adjustment  to  trade  accounts 
receivable, net, is recorded as an adjustment to revenue. Provisional pricing is only used in the pricing of nickel and cobalt sales 
for which reference prices are established in a freely traded and active market. 

Payment for fertilizer sales at Fort Site is generally received before shipment and recognized as deferred revenue until shipment. 

Power 

Substantially all of Power’s revenue is from agencies of the Government of Cuba. 

The  power  generation  facilities  located  in  Boca  de  Jaruco  and  Puerto  Escondido,  Cuba  operate  under  a  service  concession 
arrangement.    Revenue  from  Power  on  operational  facilities  is  recognized  at  the  time  electricity  is  delivered  or  services  are 
performed. The consideration to be received is subject to variability as the quantity of power to be generated is not fixed and the 
rate for the power generated declines once construction costs are repaid.  Management estimates the transaction price based on 
expected  power  generation  and  the  forecast  repayment  schedule  for  construction  costs  and  reassesses  this  estimate  each 
reporting period. 

Payment terms for electricity and by-product sales to agencies of the Government of Cuba are 60 days from the date of invoice. 

Oil and Gas 

Oil and Gas service revenue is recognized at the time that drilling services and equipment are provided to the customer and the 
payment terms are 30 days from the date of invoice. 

2.7 Joint arrangements 

Investment in Moa JV 

A joint venture is a contractual arrangement whereby two or more parties undertake an economic activity that is subject to joint 
control and whereby each party has rights to the net assets of the arrangement.  The Moa JV is recognized as an investment in 
a joint venture and accounted for using the equity method of accounting as follows: 

• 

• 

The Corporation recognizes its share of earnings (loss), net of tax in the consolidated statements of comprehensive 
income (loss), which is adjusted against the carrying amount of its interest in a joint venture; 

If the Corporation’s share of losses equals or exceeds the carrying amount of its investment in joint venture in the future, 
the Corporation does not recognize further losses, unless it has incurred obligations or made payments on behalf of the 
entity;  

•  Revenue/expenses and gains/losses on transactions between the Corporation and its joint venture are eliminated to the 
extent of the Corporation’s interest in this entity. Losses are eliminated only to the extent that there is no evidence of 
impairment; and 

• 

Interest income on a loan receivable from a joint venture is recognized to the extent of Sherritt’s economic interest. 

Sherritt International Corporation   85   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Joint operation 

A joint operation is a contractual arrangement whereby two or more parties undertake an economic activity that is subject to joint 
control  and  whereby  each  party  has  rights  to  the  assets  and  obligations  for  liabilities  relating  to  the  arrangement.  Energas  is 
recognized as a joint operation and is accounted for by recognizing the Corporation’s share of its assets, liabilities, revenues, and 
expenses.   

Assessment for impairment of the investment in a joint venture 

At each reporting date, the Corporation assesses whether there is any indication that the carrying amounts of the Corporation’s 
investment in a joint venture may be impaired. 

The investment is impaired if, and only if, there is objective evidence of impairment as a result of one or more loss events and that 
loss event (or events) has an impact on the estimated future cash flows from the investment that can be reliably estimated. 

Objective evidence that the investment is impaired includes observable data that comes to the attention of the entity about the 
following loss events: (a) significant financial difficulty of the joint venture; (b) a breach of contract, such as a default or delinquency 
in  payments  by  the  joint  venture;  (c)  the  entity,  for  economic  or  legal  reasons  relating  to  its  joint  venture’s  financial  difficulty, 
granting to the joint venture  a concession that the entity would not otherwise consider; (d) it becoming probable that  the joint 
venture will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganization; or (e) the disappearance of an active market for the investment 
because of financial difficulties of the joint venture. 

If there is an indication of impairment, then the impairment test applied follows the principles of impairment for non-financial assets 
described in note 2.11. 

2.8 Income taxes 

The income tax expense or recovery for the reporting period consists of two components: current and deferred taxes. 

The  current  income  tax  payable  or  recoverable  is  calculated  using  the  tax  rates  and  legislation  that  have  been  enacted  or 
substantively  enacted  at  each  reporting  date  in  each  of  the  jurisdictions  and  includes  any  adjustments  for  taxes  payable  or 
recoverable in respect of prior periods. 

Current tax assets and liabilities are offset when they relate to the same jurisdiction, the entity has a legally enforceable right to 
offset and intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realize the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined using the statement of financial position liability method based on temporary 
differences  between  the  carrying  amount  of  assets  and  liabilities  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  their  tax  bases.  In 
calculating the deferred tax assets and liabilities, the tax rates used are those that have been enacted or substantively enacted 
at each reporting date in each of the jurisdictions and that are expected to apply when the assets are recovered or the liabilities 
are settled. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are presented as non-current. 

Deferred  tax  liabilities  are  recognized  on  all  taxable  temporary  differences,  and  deferred  tax  assets  are  recognized  on  all 
deductible temporary differences, carryforward of unused tax losses and carryforward of unused tax credits, with the exception 
of the following items: 

 

 

Temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries and interests in joint ventures where the Corporation 
is  able  to  control  the  timing  of  the  reversal  of  temporary  differences  and  such  reversals  are  not  probable  in  the 
foreseeable future; 

Temporary differences that arise on the initial recognition of assets and liabilities in a transaction that is not a business 
combination and has no impact on either accounting profit or taxable profit; and 

  Deferred tax assets are only recognized to the extent that it is probable that sufficient taxable profits exist in future 
periods against which the deductible temporary differences can be utilized.  The probability that sufficient taxable profits 
exist in future periods against which the deferred tax assets can be utilized is reassessed at each reporting date. The 
amount of deferred tax assets recognized is adjusted accordingly. 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against current 
tax liabilities when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority on the same taxable entity and when the 
Corporation has the legal right to offset them. 

86   Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
Current and deferred taxes that relate to items recognized directly in equity are also recognized in equity. All other taxes are 
recognized in income tax expense in the consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income.  

2.9 Financial instruments 

Classification and measurement of financial instruments 

Management determines the classification of financial assets and financial liabilities at initial recognition and, except in limited 
circumstances, the classification is not changed subsequent to initial recognition. The classification of financial assets is based 
on  the  Corporation’s  business  models  for  managing  these  financial  assets  and  their  contractual  cash  flow  characteristics. 
Transaction costs with respect to financial instruments not classified as fair value through profit or loss are recognized as an 
adjustment to the cost of the underlying instruments and amortized using the effective interest method. 

The Corporation’s financial assets are classified into one of the following three measurement categories: 

• 

• 

• 

Financial assets held within a business model for the purpose of collecting contractual cash flows (“held to collect”) 
that represent solely payments of principal and interest (“SPPI”) are measured at amortized cost. 

Financial  assets held  within a business model  where  assets are  both  held for the  purpose  of collecting contractual 
cash flows or sold prior to maturity and the contractual cash flows represent SPPI are measured at fair value through 
other comprehensive income (loss) (“FVOCI”). 

Financial assets held within another business model or assets that do not have contractual cash flow characteristics 
that are SPPI will be measured at fair value through profit or loss (“FVTPL”). 

The Corporation’s financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost, except for financial liabilities subsequently measured or 
designated at FVTPL. 

Financial assets measured at amortized cost: 

•  Cash  held  in  banks;  restricted  cash;  advances,  loans  receivable  and  other  financial  assets,  except  for  the  General 

Nickel Company (“GNC”) receivable, noted below; trade accounts receivable, net 

Financial assets measured at FVOCI: 

•  Cash equivalents 

Financial assets measured at FVTPL: 

•  GNC receivable 

Financial liabilities designated at FVTPL: 

•  Energas payable 

Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost: 

• 

Trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities; loans and borrowings 

Financial assets and liabilities, measured at amortized cost 

Financial assets and liabilities included in this category are initially recognized at fair value (net of transaction costs, if applicable) 
and are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method less allowances for expected credit losses 
(“ACL”). 

Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive (loss) income 

Financial assets included in this category are initially recognized at fair value and transaction costs are recognized in net (loss) 
earnings.  Subsequent  to  initial  recognition,  unrealized  gains  and  losses  on  these  instruments  are  recognized  in  other 
comprehensive (loss) income.  Upon derecognition, realized gains and losses are reclassified from other comprehensive (loss) 
income and recognized in net (loss) earnings.  Interest income and dividends from these instruments are recognized in net (loss) 
earnings. 

Sherritt International Corporation   87   

 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss 

Financial instruments included in this category are initially recognized at fair value and transaction costs are recognized in net 
(loss) earnings, along with gains and losses arising from changes in fair value.  

Derivative instruments are recorded at fair value unless exempted from derivative treatment as a normal purchase and sale. All 
changes in their fair value are recognized in net (loss) earnings within net finance expense.  

Financial liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss upon initial recognition 

Financial liabilities included in this category form part of a contract containing one or more embedded derivatives and are initially 
recognized at fair value and transaction costs are recognized in net (loss) earnings, along with gains and losses arising from 
changes in fair value. For such financial liabilities, the amount of change in the fair value that is attributable to changes in the 
credit risk of that liability is recognized in other comprehensive income and the remaining amount of change in the fair value of 
the liability is recognized in net (loss) earnings within net finance expense. 

Derecognition of financial assets and liabilities 

A  financial  asset  is  derecognized  when  its  contractual  rights  to  the  cash  flows  that  compose  the  financial  asset  expire  or 
substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset are transferred. A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under 
the liability is discharged, cancelled or expired. Gains and losses on derecognition are recognized within financing income and 
financing expense, respectively.  

Modifications of financial instruments 

An exchange of a financial instrument with substantially different terms is accounted for as an extinguishment of the original 
financial instrument and the recognition of a new financial instrument.  The terms are substantially different if the discounted 
present value of the cash flows under the new terms, including any fees paid net of any fees received and discounted using the 
original effective interest rate, is at least 10 per cent different from the discounted present value of the remaining cash flows of 
the  original  financial  instrument.    If  an  exchange  of  debt  instruments  or  modification  of  terms  is  accounted  for  as  an 
extinguishment, any costs or fees incurred are recognised as part of the gain or loss on the extinguishment.  If the exchange or 
modification is not accounted for as an extinguishment, any costs or fees incurred adjust the carrying amount of the instrument 
and are amortised over the remaining term of the modified instrument.  

When  the  Corporation  modifies  a  financial  instrument  and  that  modification  results  in  derecognition,  the  Corporation 
derecognizes the original financial instrument and recognizes a new financial instrument.  The difference between the carrying 
amount  of  the  financial  instrument  extinguished  and  the  consideration  paid,  including  any  non-cash  assets  transferred  or 
liabilities assumed, is recognized as a gain or loss in net (loss) earnings within net finance expense.   

When the Corporation modifies a financial instrument and that modification does not result in derecognition, the Corporation 
revises the gross carrying value of the financial instrument, discounted using the original effective interest rate, and recognizes 
a modification gain or loss in net (loss) earnings. 

Assessment for impairment of financial assets 

The Corporation applies a three-stage approach to measure an ACL, using an expected credit loss (“ECL”) approach as required 
under IFRS 9 for financial assets measured at amortized cost. 

The ECL approach reflects the present value of all cash shortfalls related to default events either (i) over the following twelve 
months or (ii) over the expected life of a financial instrument depending on the credit deterioration from inception.  The ACL 
reflects an unbiased, probability-weighted outcome which considers multiple scenarios based on reasonable and supportable 
forecasts. 

•  Stage 1 – Where there has not been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition of a financial instrument, 
an amount equal to twelve months expected credit loss is recorded.  The ECL is computed using a probability of default 
occurring  over  the  next  twelve  months.    For  instruments  with  a  remaining  maturity  of  less  than  twelve  months,  a 
probability of default corresponding to the remaining term to maturity is used. 

88   Sherritt International Corporation 

 
•  Stage 2 – When a financial instrument experiences a significant increase in credit risk subsequent to origination but is 
not considered to be in default, it is included in Stage 2.  The lifetime ECL is computed using a probability of default 
occurring over the remaining life of the financial instrument.  When contractual payments are more than 30 days past 
due, it is presumed that credit risk has increased significantly subsequent to origination unless the Corporation has 
reasonable  and  supportable  information  that  demonstrates  that  the  credit  risk  has  not  increased  significantly  since 
origination. 

•  Stage  3  –  Financial  instruments  that  are  considered  to  be  in  default  are  included  in  this  stage.    The  Corporation 
considers a financial instrument to be in default as a result of one or more loss events that occurred after the date of 
initial recognition of the instrument and the loss event has a negative impact on the estimated future cash flows of the 
instrument that can be reliably estimated.  Similar to Stage 2, the ACL captures the lifetime ECL.  When contractual 
payments  are  more  than  90  days  past  due,  it  is  presumed  that  default  has  occurred  unless  the  Corporation  has 
reasonable and supportable information that demonstrates that a more lagging default criterion is more appropriate. 

The  Corporation  assesses  whether  there  has  been  a  significant  increase  in  credit  risk  since  initial  recognition  of  a  financial 
instrument and its ACL measurement at each reporting date. Increases or decreases in the ACL are recognized as impairment 
gains or losses within net finance expense in net (loss) earnings. 

For trade receivables and contract assets that result from transactions that are within the scope of IFRS 15 and finance lease 
receivables that result from transactions that are within the scope of IFRS 16, IFRS 9 allows the Corporation to take a simplified 
approach where the ACL is always measured at the lifetime ECL. 

The Corporation’s financial assets measured at amortized cost are presented net of the ACL in the consolidated statements of 
financial position. 

The Corporation recognizes lifetime expected credit losses for trade receivables using a provision matrix based on historical 
credit loss experience, adjusted for factors that are specific to the debtors, general economic conditions and an assessment of 
the current and future economic conditions as at the reporting date, including time value of money where appropriate. 

Financial instrument measurement hierarchy 

All financial instruments are required to be measured at fair value on initial recognition. For those financial assets or liabilities 
measured at fair value at each reporting date, financial instruments and liquidity risk disclosures require a three-level hierarchy 
that reflects the significance of the inputs used in making the fair value measurements. These levels are defined below: 

Level 1:  Determined by reference to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that the entity 

can access at the measurement date; 

Level 2:  Valuations using inputs other than the quoted prices for which all significant inputs are based on observable market 

data, either directly or indirectly; and 

Level 3:  Valuations using inputs that are not based on observable market data. 

2.10 Inventories 

Raw materials, materials in process and finished products are valued at the lower of average production cost and net realizable 
value, with cost determined on a moving weighted-average basis. Spare parts and operating materials within inventory are valued 
at the lower of average cost and net realizable value, and recognized as cost of sales when used.  

The cost of inventory includes all costs related to bringing the inventory to its current condition, including processing costs, labour 
costs, supplies, direct and allocated indirect operating overhead and depreciation expense, where applicable, including allocation 
of fixed and variable costs.  

Write-downs to net realizable value may be reversed, up to the amount previously written down, when circumstances support an 
increased inventory value. 

Sherritt International Corporation   89   

 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

2.11 Non-financial assets 

Property, plant and equipment 

Property, plant and equipment include acquisition costs, capitalized development costs and pre-production expenditures that 
are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment losses. Costs of property, plant and equipment 
are incurred while construction is in progress and before the commencement of commercial production. Once the construction 
of an asset is substantially complete, and the asset is ready for its intended use, these costs are depreciated. 

Plant and equipment 

Plant and equipment include assets under construction; machinery and equipment; processing, refining, power generation and 
other manufacturing facilities; office equipment; and fixtures and fittings. 

The Corporation recognizes major long-term spare parts and standby equipment as plant and equipment when the parts and 
equipment  are  significant  and  are  expected  to  be  used  over  a  period  greater  than  a  year.  Major  inspections  and  overhauls 
required at regular intervals over the useful life of an item of plant and equipment are recognized in the carrying amount of the 
related item if the inspection or overhaul provides benefit exceeding one year. 

Plant  and  equipment  are  depreciated  using  the  straight-line  method  based  on  estimated  useful  lives,  once  the  assets  are 
available for use. Plant and equipment may have components with different useful lives. Depreciation is calculated based on 
each individual component’s useful life. New components are capitalized to the extent that they meet the recognition criteria of 
an asset. The carrying amount of the replaced component is derecognized, and any gain/loss is included in net (loss) earnings. 
If the carrying amount of the replaced component is not known, it is estimated based on the cost of the new component less 
estimated depreciation. The useful lives of the Corporation’s plant and equipment are as follows: 

Buildings and refineries 
Machinery and equipment                 
Office equipment      
Fixtures and fittings  
Assets under construction   

Right-of-use assets – Plant and equipment 

5 to 40 years 
3 to 50 years 
3 to 35 years 
3 to 35 years 
not depreciated during development period 

The Corporation recognizes a right-of-use asset if a contract is or contains a lease based on the definition of a lease. Right-of-
use  assets  –  plant  and  equipment  include  the  underlying  assets  in  leases  for  office  space;  machinery  and  equipment;  and 
computer and telecommunications hardware. The Corporation’s accounting policies for leases in accordance with IFRS 16 are 
described in note 2.14. 

Derecognition 

An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to 
arise from the continued use or disposal of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on derecognition of the asset (measured as the 
difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset) is included in net (loss) earnings in the 
period when the asset is derecognized. 

Intangible assets 

Intangible  assets  are  developed  internally  or  acquired  as  part  of  a  business  combination.  Internally  generated  assets  are 
recognized at cost and primarily arise as a result of exploration and evaluation activity and service concession arrangements. 
Intangible assets acquired as part of a business combination are recognized separately from goodwill, if the asset is separable 
or arises from contractual or legal rights, and are initially recorded at their acquisition date fair value.  

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite. 

Intangible assets with a finite life are amortized over their useful economic lives on a straight-line or units-of-production basis, 
as appropriate. The amortization expense is included in cost of sales unless otherwise noted. Intangible assets that are not yet 
ready for use are not amortized until put into use.  

Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but are tested for impairment annually, either individually or at the 
cash-generating unit level. The Corporation has no identifiable intangible assets for which the expected useful life is indefinite. 

90   Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exploration and evaluation 

Exploration and evaluation (E&E) expenditures are measured using the cost model and generally include the costs of licenses, 
technical  services  and  studies,  seismic  studies,  exploration  drilling  and  testing,  and  directly  attributable  overhead  and 
administration  expenses  including  remuneration  of  operating  personnel  and  supervisory  management.  These  costs  do  not 
include  general  prospecting  or  evaluation  costs  incurred  prior  to  having  obtained  the  rights  to  explore  an  area,  which  are 
expensed as they are incurred. 

E&E expenditures related to Oil and Gas properties are capitalized and carried forward until technical feasibility and commercial 
viability of extracting the resource is established. The technical feasibility and commercial viability is established when economic 
quantities  of  proven  and/or  probable  reserves  are  determined  to  exist,  at  which  point  the  E&E  assets  attributable  to  those 
reserves are reviewed for impairment before being transferred to property, plant and equipment.  

Service concession arrangements 

Service  concession  arrangements  are  contracts  between  private  sector  and  government  entities  and  can  involve  the 
construction, operation or upgrading of public infrastructure.  Service concession arrangements can be classified as financial 
assets (where the operator has an unconditional right to receive a specified amount of cash or other financial asset over the life 
of the arrangement) or intangible assets (where the operator’s future cash flows are not specified). 

Through  its  interest  in  Energas,  the  Corporation  has  been  contracted  to  design,  construct  and  operate electrical  generating 
facilities at Boca de Jaruco and Puerto Escondido, Cuba, on behalf of the Cuban government. The sale price of electricity is 
contractually fixed, but decreases after loans provided by the Corporation to fund the construction are fully repaid. Ownership of 
these facilities will be transferred to the Cuban government for nil consideration at the end of the contract term which ends in 
2043. Energas bears the demand risk on revenues related to assets covered under service concession arrangements as receipts 
are based on usage rather than an unconditional right to receive cash.  As a result, the Boca de Jaruco and Puerto Escondido 
assets have been classified as intangible assets and represent the Corporation’s right to charge the Government of Cuba for 
future electricity and by-products delivered.    

During periods of new construction, enhancement or upgrade activities, the Corporation records a new intangible asset and a 
corresponding construction revenue amount to reflect the right to charge the Cuban government for an incremental future supply 
of electricity.  The construction expenses relating to the new construction activity are expensed as incurred. The net result of the 
construction activity is a nil impact to net (loss) earnings. Once operational, the carrying amount of the new service concession 
intangible asset, including capitalized interest, is amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining contract term.  

Repair,  maintenance  and  replacement  costs  incurred  in  relation  to  service  concession  intangible  assets  are  expensed  as 
incurred. 

Amortization 

The following intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives: 

Service concession arrangements 
Exploration and evaluation  

20 years(1) 
not amortized during development period 

(1)  Service  concession  arrangements  were  amortized  over  12  years  prior  to  the  twenty-year  extension  of  the  Energas  Joint 
Venture contract which was approved by the Cuban government during the year ended December 31, 2022. As a result of the 
extension, the estimated useful lives of the service concession arrangements were extended by 20 years. 

Assessment for impairment of non-financial assets 

The Corporation assesses the carrying amount of non-financial assets including property, plant and equipment and intangible 
assets at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment. Internal factors, such as estimated 
reserves, budgets and forecasts, as well as external factors, such as expected future prices, costs, market capitalization and 
other market factors, are also monitored to determine if indications of impairment exist.  

An impairment loss is the amount equal to the excess of the carrying amount over the recoverable amount. The recoverable 
amount takes into account a market participant’s ability to generate economic benefits by using the asset in its highest and best 
use.  To achieve this, the recoverable amount is the higher of value in use (being the net present value of expected pre-tax future 
cash flows of the relevant asset) and fair value less costs to sell the asset(s).  

Sherritt International Corporation   91   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Impairment is assessed at the cash-generating unit (CGU) level. A CGU is the smallest identifiable group of assets that generates 
cash inflows largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or group of assets. The assets of the corporate head 
office are allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis to CGUs or groups of CGUs.  

If, after the Corporation has previously recognized an impairment loss, circumstances indicate that the recoverable amount of 
the impaired assets is greater than the carrying amount, the Corporation reverses the impairment loss by the amount the revised 
recoverable amount exceeds its carrying amount, to a maximum of the previous impairment loss. In no case shall the revised 
carrying amount exceed the original carrying amount, after depreciation or amortization, that would have been determined if no 
impairment loss had been recognized. An impairment loss or a reversal of an impairment loss is recognized in the consolidated 
statements of comprehensive (loss) income. 

Impairment of exploration and evaluation expenditures at Oil and Gas 

Upon  determination  of  proven  and  probable  reserves,  the  related  E&E  assets  attributable  to  those  reserves  are  tested  for 
impairment prior to being transferred to property, plant and equipment. Capitalized E&E costs are reviewed and evaluated for 
impairment  at  each  reporting  date  for  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  that  indicate  the  carrying  amount  may  not  be 
recoverable from future cash flows of the property. 

2.12 Provisions 

Provisions are recognized when the Corporation has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is 
probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount 
of the obligation. Where appropriate, the future cash flow estimates are adjusted to reflect risks specific to the obligation. Where 
the  Corporation  expects  some  or  all  of  a  provision  to  be  reimbursed,  for  example,  under  an  insurance  contract,  the 
reimbursement is recognized as a separate asset, but only when the reimbursement is virtually certain. The expense relating to 
any provision is presented in cost of sales or administrative expenses, depending on the nature of the provision. If the effect of 
the time value of money is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate 
that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision 
due to the passage of time is recognized as financing expense. A contingent liability is disclosed where the existence of an 
obligation will only be confirmed by future events or where the amount of the obligation cannot be measured with reasonable 
reliability. Contingent assets are not recognized, but are disclosed where an inflow of economic benefits is probable.  

Environmental rehabilitation  

Provisions  for  environmental  rehabilitation  include  decommissioning  and  restoration  costs  when  the  Corporation  has  an 
obligation  to  dismantle  and  remove  infrastructure  and  residual  materials  as  well  as  to  restore  the  disturbed  area.  Estimated 
decommissioning and restoration costs are provided for in the accounting period when the obligation arising from the disturbance 
occurs,  whether  this  occurs  during  mine  development  or  during  the  production  phase,  based  on  the  net  present  value  of 
estimated  future  costs.  The  provision  for  environmental  rehabilitation  is  reviewed  and  adjusted  each  period  to  reflect 
developments which could include changes in closure dates, legislation, discount rate or estimated future costs. 

The amount recognized as a liability for environmental rehabilitation is calculated as the present value of the estimated future 
costs determined in accordance with local conditions and requirements. An amount corresponding to the provision is capitalized 
as part of property, plant and equipment and is depreciated over the life of the corresponding asset. The impact of amortization 
or unwinding of the discount rate applied in establishing the net present value of the provision is recognized in financing expense. 
The applicable discount rate is a pre-tax rate that reflects the current market assessment of the time value of money which is 
determined based on government bond interest rates and inflation rates. 

Changes to estimated future costs are recognized in the consolidated statements of financial position by either increasing or 
decreasing the rehabilitation liability and rehabilitation asset if the initial estimate was originally recognized as part of an asset 
measured in accordance with IAS 16, “Property, Plant and Equipment”. Any reduction in the rehabilitation liability and therefore 
any deduction from the rehabilitation asset may not exceed the carrying amount of that asset. If it does, any excess over the 
carrying amount is recognized immediately in cost of sales.  

92   Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
If the change in estimate results in an increase in the rehabilitation provision and therefore an addition to the carrying amount of 
the asset, the entity is required to consider whether the new carrying amount is recoverable, and whether this is an indication of 
impairment of the asset as a whole. If indication of impairment of the asset as a whole exists, the Corporation tests for impairment 
in accordance with IAS 36, “Impairment of Assets”. If the carrying amount of the revised assets, net of rehabilitation provisions, 
exceeds the recoverable value, that portion of the increase is charged directly to cost of sales. For closed sites, changes to 
estimated costs are recognized immediately in cost of sales. Also, rehabilitation obligations that arise as a result of the production 
phase are expensed as incurred. 

Where rehabilitation is conducted systematically over the life of the operation, rather than at the time of closure, provision is 
made for the estimated cost of outstanding rehabilitation work at each statement of financial position date and any increase in 
overall cost is expensed. 

2.13 Share-based compensation plans 

The Corporation operates cash-settled and equity-settled share-based compensation plans under which it makes cash payments 
based on the value of the Corporation’s shares, or issues shares of the Corporation, to directors, officers and employees in 
exchange for services. 

The Corporation’s cash-settled share plans, including Restricted Share Units (“RSUs”), Performance Share Units (“PSUs”) and 
Deferred Share Units (“DSUs”) are recognized as liabilities at the date of grant.  

The fair value of the RSU liability at the date of grant and at each subsequent reporting date until settlement is based on the 
market value of the Corporation’s shares. If the Corporation’s share price changes between reporting dates, then the fair value 
of  the  RSU  liability  is  adjusted  and  an  offsetting  expense  or  recovery  is  recognized  in  the  consolidated  statements  of 
comprehensive income (loss). The adjusted fair value of the RSU liability is then amortized over the remaining vesting period.   

The  fair  value  of  the  PSU  liability  at  the  date  of  grant  and  at  each  subsequent  reporting  date  until  settlement  is  based  on 
performance metrics which are defined at the time of issuance and on the market value of the Corporation’s shares with the 
liability expensed over the vesting period.  If the Corporation’s share price or the expected achievement of the performance 
conditions changes between reporting dates, then the fair value of the PSU liability is adjusted and an offsetting expense or 
recovery is recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss).  Adjustments recorded are amortized 
over the remaining vesting period. 

The fair value of DSUs at the date of grant and at each subsequent reporting date until settlement is based on the market value 
of the Corporation’s shares with the liability expensed over the vesting period.  If the Corporation’s share price changes between 
reporting dates, then the fair value of the DSU liability is adjusted and an offsetting expense or recovery is recognized in the 
consolidated  statements  of  comprehensive  income  (loss).    Adjustments  recorded  are  amortized  over  the  remaining  vesting 
period. 

The Corporation has one equity-settled compensation plan that is composed of its stock option plan. Stock option obligations 
are settled by the issuance of shares from treasury. The fair value of grants issued under the stock option plan are determined 
at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. They are only re-measured if there is a modification to the 
terms of the option, such as a change in exercise price or legal life. The fair value of the stock option plan is recognized as an 
expense over the expected vesting period with a corresponding entry to shareholders’ equity. 

2.14 Leases 

At inception of a contract, the Corporation assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease based on the definition of a lease. 
A contract is, or contains a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in 
exchange for consideration.  

Corporation as a lessee 

The Corporation recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is 
initially measured at cost, which comprises: the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or 
before the commencement date; less, any lease incentives received; plus, any initial direct costs incurred; plus, an estimate of 
costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, unless 
those costs are incurred to produce inventories.  

Sherritt International Corporation   93   

 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of 
the end of the useful life of the underlying asset or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful life of the underlying asset is 
determined on the same basis as that of property, plant and equipment. The lease term is the non-cancellable period of a lease, 
including periods covered by an option to extend the lease if the Corporation is reasonably certain to exercise that option and 
periods covered by an option to terminate the lease if the Corporation is reasonably certain not to exercise that option. The carrying 
amount of the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses when an impairment indicator is present and an 
impairment loss is identified, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability, if any. 

The  lease  liability  is  initially  measured  at  the  present  value  of  future  lease  payments  not  paid  at  the  commencement  date, 
discounted  using  the  interest  rate  implicit  in  the  lease,  or  if  that  rate  cannot  be  readily  determined,  the  lessee’s  incremental 
borrowing rate. Generally, the Corporation uses the lessee’s incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate.  

The lease liability is subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is 
a lease modification, a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the 
Corporation’s estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, or if the Corporation changes its 
assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension, or termination option, upon the occurrence of either a significant 
event or a significant change in circumstances that is within the control of the Corporation. When the lease liability is remeasured 
in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in the consolidated 
statements of comprehensive (loss) income if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset is zero. When a lease modification 
results in a decrease in scope, the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset is reduced on remeasurement and any gains or losses 
are recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income. 

The Corporation presents right-of-use assets in property, plant and equipment and lease liabilities in other financial liabilities in 
the consolidated statements of financial position.  

Non-lease components 

The Corporation has elected not to separate non-lease components and account for the lease and non-lease components as a 
single lease component for all classes of assets. 

Leases of intangible assets 

The Corporation, as a lessee, elected not to apply IFRS 16 to leases of intangible assets. Intangible assets are accounted for in 
accordance with IAS 38 Intangible Assets. 

Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets 

The Corporation has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases with a lease term of 12 
months or less and leases of low-value assets. The Corporation recognizes the lease payments associated with these leases as 
an expense in the consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income on a straight-line basis over the lease term.  

Corporation as a lessor 

When the Corporation acts a lessor, it determines at lease inception whether each lease is a finance lease or an operating lease. 
To classify each lease, the Corporation makes an overall assessment of whether the lease transfers substantially all of the risks 
and rewards incidental to ownership of the underlying asset. If this is the case, then the lease is a finance lease; if not, then it is 
an operating lease. As part of this assessment, the Corporation considers certain indicators such as whether the lease is for a 
major part of the economic life of the asset.  

When the Corporation is an intermediate lessor, it accounts for its interest in the head lease and sub-lease separately. It assesses 
the lease classification of a sub-lease with reference to the right-of-use asset arising from the head lease, not with reference to 
the underlying asset. If a head lease is a short-term lease to which the Corporation applies the exemption described above, then 
it classifies the sub-lease as an operating lease. 

The Corporation recognizes lease payments received under operating leases as income on a straight-line basis over the lease 
term as part of other revenue presented in revenue in the consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income. 

Revenue is recognized over the lease term of a finance lease. The present value of the lease payments is recognized as a finance 
lease receivable presented in advances, loans receivable and other financial assets in the consolidated statements of financial 
position.  The  difference  between  the  gross  finance  lease  receivable  and  the  present  value  of  the  lease  payments  is  initially 
recognized as unearned interest and presented as a deduction to the gross finance lease receivable. Interest income is recognized 
in the consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income over the lease term to reflect a constant periodic rate of return on 
the Corporation’s net investment in the lease. 

94   Sherritt International Corporation 

 
3.  CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGMENTS 

The preparation of financial statements requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to 
exercise judgment in applying the Corporation’s accounting policies. These estimates and judgments are continuously evaluated 
and are based on management’s experience and knowledge of relevant facts and circumstances. Actual results may differ from 
estimates. The critical accounting estimates and judgments the Corporation has made, and how they affect the amounts reported 
in the consolidated financial statements, are incorporated in this section. 

Critical accounting estimates 

Measurement of the allowance for expected credit losses 

The Corporation estimates an ACL using probability-weighted forward-looking scenarios.  The Corporation considers both internal 
and external sources of information in order to achieve an unbiased measure of the scenarios used.  The Corporation determines 
an ECL in each scenario and uses external sources and judgment to apply a probability-weighting to each scenario.  The ACL is 
measured as the present value of the probability-weighted ECL in each scenario, discounted using the original effective interest 
rate of the instrument. 

Measuring the fair value of the GNC receivable and Energas payable 

The Corporation estimates the fair value of the GNC receivable and Energas payable at each reporting period using discounted 
cash flows in a Monte Carlo simulation model, which includes the use of in-kind forecast cobalt prices and discount rates, which 
are significant unobservable inputs in the case of the GNC receivable, and changes in the fair value of these financial instruments 
may have a significant impact on the Corporation’s financial results. 

Property, plant and equipment 

The capitalization of costs, the determination of estimated recoverable amounts and the depletion and depreciation of these assets 
have a significant impact on the Corporation’s financial results. 

For those assets depreciated on a straight-line basis, management estimates the useful life of the assets and their components, 
which in certain cases may be based on an estimate of the producing life of the property. These assessments require the use of 
estimates and assumptions including market conditions at the end of the asset’s useful life, costs of decommissioning the asset 
and the amount of recoverable reserves. 

Asset useful lives and residual values are re-evaluated at each reporting date. 

Environmental rehabilitation provision costs 

The Corporation’s environmental rehabilitation provisions are subject to environmental regulations in Canada, Cuba and other 
countries in which the Corporation operates. Many factors such as future changes to environmental laws and regulations, life of 
mine  estimates,  the  cost  and  time  it  will  take  to  rehabilitate  the  property  and  discount  rates,  all  affect  the  carrying  amount  of 
environmental  rehabilitation  provisions.  As  a  result,  the  actual  cost  of  environmental  rehabilitation  could  be  higher  than  the 
amounts the Corporation has estimated. For certain operations, actual costs will ultimately be determined after site closure in 
agreement with predecessor companies. 

Environmental rehabilitation provision discount rates 

The Corporation’s environmental rehabilitation provisions are assessed quarterly and measured by discounting the expected cash 
flows. The applicable discount rates are pre-tax rates that reflect the current market assessment of the time value of money which 
is  determined  based  on  government  bond  interest  rates  and  inflation  rates.  The  actual  rates  depend  on  a  number  of  factors, 
including the timing of rehabilitation activities that can extend decades into the future and the location of the property. 

Sherritt International Corporation   95   

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Critical accounting judgments 

Interests in other entities  

The Corporation applies judgment in determining the classification of its interest in other entities, such as: (i) the determination of 
the level of control or significant influence held by the Corporation; (ii) the legal structure and contractual terms of the arrangement; 
(iii) concluding  whether the Corporation  has  rights to  assets and liabilities or to  net  assets of the arrangement;  and (iv) when 
relevant, other facts and circumstances. The Corporation has determined that Energas represents a joint operation, while the Moa 
JV  represents  a  joint  venture  as  described  in  IFRS  11,  “Joint  Arrangements”.    All  other  interests  in  other  entities  have  been 
determined to be subsidiaries as described in IFRS 10, “Consolidated Financial Statements”. 

Measuring the recoverable amount of the Corporation’s investment in the Moa JV 
The  Corporation  accounts  for  its  investment  in  the  Moa  JV  using  the  equity  method.    The  Corporation  assesses  the  carrying 
amount of the Moa JV at each reporting date to determine whether there are any indicators that the carrying amount may be 
impaired. 

For purposes of determining the recoverable amount, management calculates the net present value of expected future cash flows. 
Projections  of  future  cash  flows  are  based  on  factors  relevant  to  the  investment’s  operations  and  could  include  estimated 
recoverable  production,  commodity  or  contracted  prices,  foreign  exchange  rates,  production  levels,  cash  costs  of  production, 
capital and reclamation costs. Projections inherently require assumptions and judgments to be made about each of the factors 
affecting future cash flows. The determination of the recoverable amount involves a detailed review of the investment’s life of mine 
model and the determination of weighted average cost of capital among other critical factors. 

Changes in any of these assumptions or judgments could result in a significant difference between the carrying amount and the 
recoverable amount of this investment.  Where necessary, management engages qualified third-party professionals to assist in 
the determination of the recoverable amount. 

Determination of reportable segments 

When determining its reportable segments, the Corporation considers qualitative factors, such as operations that offer distinct 
products and services and are considered to be significant by the chief operating decision maker, identified as the senior executive 
team. The Corporation also considers quantitative thresholds when determining reportable segments, such as if revenue, (loss) 
earnings or assets are greater than 10% of the total consolidated revenue, net (loss) earnings, or assets of all the reportable 
segments,  respectively.  Operating  segments  that  share  similar  economic  characteristics  are  aggregated  to  form  a  single 
reportable segment. Aggregation occurs when the operating segments have similar economic characteristics, and have similar 
(a) products and services; (b) production processes; (c) type or class of customer for their products and services; (d) methods 
used to distribute their products or provide their services; and (e) nature of the regulatory environment, if applicable. 

Cash flow characteristics assessment 

The Corporation applies judgment in assessing the contractual features of an instrument to determine if they give rise to cash 
flows  that  are  consistent  with  a  basic  lending  arrangement.    Contractual  cash  flows  are  consistent  with  a  basic  lending 
arrangement if they represent cash flows that are SPPI. 

In performing this assessment, the Corporation takes into consideration contractual features that could change the amount or 
timing  of  contractual  cash  flows,  such  that  the  cash  flows  are  no  longer  consistent  with  a  basic  lending  arrangement.    If  the 
Corporation identifies any contractual features that could modify the cash flows of the instrument such that they are no longer 
consistent with a basic lending arrangement, the related financial asset is classified and measured at FVTPL. 

Service concession arrangements 

The  Corporation  determined  that  the  contract  terms  regarding  the  Boca  de  Jaruco  and  Puerto  Escondido,  Cuba,  facilities 
operated by Energas represent service concession arrangements as described in IFRIC 12, “Service concession arrangements” 
(IFRIC 12). The Corporation uses judgment to determine whether the grantor sets elements of the services provided by the 
operator, whether the grantor retains any significant ownership interest in the infrastructure at the end of the agreement, and to 
determine the classification of the service concession asset as either a financial asset or intangible asset.  

96   Sherritt International Corporation 

 
Assessment for impairment of non-financial assets 

The Corporation assesses the carrying amount of non-financial assets, including property, plant and equipment, intangible assets 
subject to depreciation and amortization and assets under construction, at each reporting date to determine whether there are 
any  indicators  that  the  carrying  amount  of  the  assets  may  be  impaired  or  require  a  reversal  of  impairment.    Impairment  is 
assessed at the CGU level and the determination of CGUs is an area of judgment. 

There are a number of potential indicators that could trigger an impairment or impairment reversal, which may require critical 
accounting  judgments  to  determine  the  extent  to  which  external  and/or  internal  factors  may  impact  the  assets’  recoverable 
amount.  Such internal factors include changes to estimated recoverable production, commodity or contracted prices, cash costs 
of  production,  capital  and  reclamation  costs.    External  factors  include  the  Corporation’s  market  capitalization  deficiency  and 
changes in economic conditions.  

For purposes of determining fair value, management assesses the recoverable amount of the asset using the higher of value-
in-use and fair value less cost to sell and an appropriate discount rate.  Projections of future cash flows are based on factors 
relevant to the asset and could include estimated recoverable production, commodity or contracted prices, foreign exchange 
rates, production levels, cash costs of production, capital and reclamation costs.  Projections inherently require assumptions and 
judgments to be made about each of the factors affecting future cash flows.  Changes in any of these assumptions or judgments 
could  result  in  a  significant  difference  between  the  carrying  amount  and  fair  value  of  these  assets.    In  the  event  that 
management’s estimate of future cash flows is not representative of actual events, impairments may be identified, which could 
have  a  material  impact  on  the  Corporation’s  consolidated  financial  statements.    Where  necessary,  management  engages 
qualified third-party professionals to assist in the determination of fair values. 

Measuring the fair value of the GNC receivable and Energas payable 

The  Corporation  measures  the  GNC  receivable  and  Energas  payable  at  fair  value.    For  purposes  of  determining  fair  value, 
management uses discounted cash flows in a Monte Carlo simulation model, which includes the use of in-kind forecast cobalt 
prices and discount rates, which are significant unobservable inputs in the case of the GNC receivable and requires assumptions 
and judgments to be made.  Management engages a third-party valuation specialist to assist in the valuation.  Changes in these 
assumptions or judgments may result in a significant change in fair value. 

Sherritt International Corporation   97   

 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

4.  ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS 

Adoption of new and amended accounting pronouncements 

Deferred Tax Related to Assets and Liabilities Arising from a Single Transaction (Amendments to IAS 12) 

In  May  2021,  the  IASB  issued  Deferred  Tax  related  to  Assets  and  Liabilities  arising  from  a  Single  Transaction,  which  made 
amendments  to  IAS  12  Income  Taxes  (“IAS  12”).    The  amendment  narrowed  the  scope  of  the  IAS  12  recognition  exemption 
related to the recognition of deferred tax when an entity accounts for transactions, such as leases or decommissioning obligations, 
by recognizing both an asset and a liability.  The exemption no longer applies to transactions that, on initial recognition, give rise 
to equal taxable and deductible temporary differences. 

The amendments apply for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023.  Effective January 1, 2023, the Corporation 
adopted these requirements.  The application of this amendment did not have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated 
financial statements. 

International Tax Reform—Pillar Two Model Rules (Amendments to IAS 12) 

In December 2021, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (“OECD”) issued model rules for a new global 
minimum tax framework (“Pillar Two”) and in August 2023, the Government of Canada released draft legislation to implement a 
global minimum tax, which has not yet been enacted or substantively enacted.  

Amendments to this standard apply to income taxes arising from tax law enacted or substantively enacted to implement the Pillar 
Two model rules published by the OECD including tax law that implements qualified domestic minimum top-up taxes described 
in those rules.  

The amendments apply for annual periods  beginning on or after January 1, 2023. Effective January 1, 2023, the Corporation 
adopted these requirements. 

Following  the  amendments  to  IAS  12,  the  Corporation  has  applied  the  exception  available  under  the  amendments  to  IAS  12 
published by the IASB in May 2023 and is not recognizing or disclosing information about deferred tax assets and liabilities related 
to Pillar Two income taxes given that relevant information is not known or reasonably estimable at this time. 

Based  on  the  currently  applicable  revenue  thresholds,  the  Corporation  would  not  be  in  scope  of  the  Pillar  Two  rules.  As  the 
legislation has not yet been enacted or substantively enacted in Canada, the Corporation continues to evaluate the impact of the 
legislation on its consolidated financial statements.  

Definition of Accounting Estimates (Amendments to IAS 8) 

In February 2021, the IASB issued Definition of Accounting Estimates, which made amendments to IAS 8 Accounting Policies, 
Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors.  The amendments replace the definition of a change in accounting estimates with 
a  definition  of  accounting  estimates.    Under  the  new  definition,  accounting  estimates  are  “monetary  amounts  in  financial 
statements that are subject to measurement uncertainty”.  The definition of a change in accounting estimates was deleted.   

The amendments apply for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023.  Effective January 1, 2023, the Corporation 
adopted these requirements.  The application of this amendment did not have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated 
financial statements. 

Presentation of Financial Statements and Making Materiality Judgments (Amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS Practice 
Statement 2) 

Amendments to IAS  1 Presentation of Financial Statements change the  requirements  with regard to  disclosure  of accounting 
policies.    The  amendments  replace  all  instances  of  the  term  ‘significant  accounting  policies’  with  ‘material  accounting  policy 
information’.  Accounting policy information is material if, when considered together with other information included in an entity’s 
financial statements, it can reasonably be  expected to influence decisions that the primary users of  general purpose financial 
statements make on the basis of those financial statements. 

The amendments apply for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023.  Effective January 1, 2023, the Corporation 
adopted  these  requirements.    The  application  of  these  amendments  did  not  have  a  material  impact  on  the  Corporation’s 
consolidated financial statements. 

98   Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
Accounting pronouncements issued but not yet effective 

The Corporation has not early adopted any standard, interpretation or amendment that has been issued but is not yet effective. 

Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current and Non-current Liabilities with Covenants (Amendments to IAS 
1) 

In October 2022, the IASB finalised issuance of Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current, which made amendments 
to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements.  The amendment clarifies that only covenants with which an entity is required to 
comply on or before the reporting date affect the classification of a liability as current or non-current.  In addition, an entity has to 
disclose information in the notes that enables users of financial statements to understand the risk that non-current liabilities with 
covenants could become repayable within twelve months. Classification is unaffected by the expectations that the Corporation 
will exercise its right to defer settlement of a liability.  Lastly, the amendment clarifies that settlement refers to the transfer to the 
counterparty of cash, equity instruments, other assets or services. 

In  October  2022,  the  IASB  finalised  issuance  of  Non-current  Liabilities  with  Covenants,  which  made  amendments  to  IAS  1 
Presentation of Financial Statements. The amendments specify that only covenants that an entity is required to comply with on or 
before the end of the reporting period affect the entity’s right to defer settlement of a liability for at least twelve months after the 
reporting date (and therefore must be considered in assessing the classification of the liability as current or non-current). Such 
covenants affect whether the right exists at the end of the reporting period, even if compliance with the covenant is assessed only 
after the reporting date.  

The amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2024. Earlier application is permitted.  The 
application of this amendment is not expected to have a material impact on the Corporation’s consolidated financial statements. 

Sherritt International Corporation   99   

 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

5.  SEGMENTED INFORMATION 

The Corporation revised the presentation of its segmented information commencing with the three months ended March 31, 2023 
as a result of a change in the information reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) due to the Corporation’s 
agreement with its Cuban partners to recover its total outstanding Cuban receivables over five years (the “Cobalt Swap”).  Refer 
to note 12 for further details on the Cobalt Swap.  Following the signing of the Cobalt Swap, the former Moa JV and Fort Site 
reportable segment and Metals Other reportable segment were combined into a single Metals reportable segment reviewed by 
the  CODM,  which  includes  all  of  the  Corporation’s  mining,  refining  and  sales  of  nickel  and  cobalt,  including  sales  of  the 
Corporation’s cobalt inventories received under the Cobalt Swap.  Segmented information for the prior year was restated in the 
current year for comparative purposes to reflect the new Metals reportable segment. 

Canadian $ millions, for the year ended December 31 

Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Cobalt gain 
Impairment of property, plant and equipment 
Administrative expenses 
Share of earnings of Moa Joint Venture, net 
   of tax 
(Loss) earnings from operations and joint  
    venture 
Interest income on financial assets measured at 
    amortized cost  
Other financing items 
Financing expense 
Net finance expense 
Loss before income tax 
Income tax expense 
Net loss from continuing operations 
Loss from discontinued operations, net 
   of tax 
Net loss 

Supplementary information 
Depletion, depreciation and amortization 
Property, plant and equipment expenditures 
Intangible asset expenditures 

Canadian $ millions, as at December 31 
Non-current assets(2) 
Total assets 

Metals(1) 

Power

Tech-
nologies

Oil and
Gas

Corporate

Adjustments
for Moa JV

$

603.7  $
(601.4)
2.7 
(1.5)
(5.6)

47.1  $
(22.7)
- 
- 
(3.7)

- 

- 

1.3  $

(16.7)
- 
- 
- 

- 

12.6  $
(41.1)
- 
- 
(1.7)

0.8  $
- 
- 
- 
(17.0)

- 

- 

(2.1)

20.7 

(15.4)

(30.2)

(16.2)

(442.2) $
416.4 
(2.7)
1.5 
4.9 

21.9 

(0.2)

$

$

$

54.2  $
57.0 
- 

2.5  $
3.2 
- 

0.1  $
- 
- 

0.2  $
0.2 
1.2 

0.9  $
- 
- 

(43.6) $
(40.3)
- 

644.6  $
949.2 

17.3  $

362.3 

0.6  $
0.8 

8.2  $

22.0 

5.4  $

196.6 

(502.4) $
(140.3)

2023

Total

223.3 
(265.5)
- 
- 
(23.1)

21.9 

(43.4)

0.8 

17.0 
(36.5)
(18.7)
(62.1)
(2.2)
(64.3)

(0.3)

(64.6)

14.3 
20.1 
1.2 

2023
173.7 
1,390.6 

100  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Canadian $ millions, for the year ended December 31 

Metals(1) 

Power

Tech-
nologies

Oil and
Gas

Corporate

Adjustments for
Moa JV

Revenue 
Cost of sales 
Administrative expenses 
Impairment of intangible assets 
Share of earnings of Moa Joint Venture,  
    net of tax 
Earnings (loss) from operations and  
    joint venture 
Interest income on financial assets  
    measured at amortized cost 
Revaluation of allowances for  
    expected credit losses 
Other financing items 
Financing expense 
Net finance expense 
Earnings before income tax 
Income tax recoveries 
Net earnings from continuing operations 
Loss from discontinued operations,  
    net of tax 
Net earnings 

Supplementary information 
Depletion, depreciation and amortization 
Property, plant and equipment expenditures 
Intangible asset expenditures 

Canadian $ millions, as at December 31 
Non-current assets(2) 
Total assets 

$

795.1  $
(587.8)
(9.4)
- 

- 

197.9 

37.1   $
(24.2)
(4.2)
- 

- 

8.7 

2022

Total

178.8 
(162.7)
(36.9)
(1.3)

140.8 

1.8   $
(16.6)
- 
- 

16.2   $
(28.7)
(2.5)
(1.3)

0.7  $
- 
(28.1)
- 

(672.1) $
494.6 
7.3 
- 

- 

- 

- 

140.8 

(14.8)

(16.3)

(27.4)

(29.4)

118.7 

12.0 

(49.4)

20.6 
(38.6)
(55.4)
63.3 
0.4 
63.7 

(0.2)

63.5 

$

$

53.9  $
64.2 
- 

13.6  $
5.1 
- 

0.1  $
- 
- 

0.8  $
0.1 
0.8 

1.1  $
0.1 
- 

(43.5) $
(41.8)
- 

26.0 
27.7 
0.8 

$

639.5  $

15.4  $

1,199.6 

415.3 

0.8  $
1.8 

8.1  $

6.0  $

25.9 

28.0 

(507.4) $
(115.0)

2022
162.4 
1,555.6 

(1) 

Included in the Metals reportable segment is the financial performance on a line-by-line item basis of the Corporation’s 50% interest in the Moa JV, its 100% interest in the 
utility and fertilizer operations in Fort Saskatchewan and its 100% interest in subsidiaries which buy, market and sell certain of the Moa JV’s nickel and cobalt production 
and  the  Corporation’s  cobalt  inventories  received  under  the  Cobalt  Swap.    The  Adjustments  for  Moa  JV  reflect  the  adjustments  required  in  order  to  reconcile  to  the 
Corporation’s consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income, wherein the financial performance of the Moa JV is included in one line item in the share of earnings 
of Moa Joint Venture, net of tax due to the equity method of accounting. 

(2)  Non-current assets are composed of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets.  

Geographic information 

Canadian $ millions, as at 

North America 
Cuba 
Europe 
Asia 
Other 

2023

December 31

Non-current
assets(1)

Total
assets(2)

Non-current
assets(1)

2022

December 31
Total
assets(2)

$

$

151.3  $
22.3 
0.1 
- 
- 
173.7  $

363.3  $
923.1 
50.2 
31.0 
23.0 
1,390.6  $

142.5  $
19.8 
0.1 
- 
- 
162.4  $

373.6 
970.4 
72.9 
58.1 
80.6 
1,555.6 

(1)  Non-current  assets  are  composed  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  and  intangible  assets  and  exclude  the  non-current  assets  of  the  Moa  JV,  an  equity-accounted 

investment. 
For its geographic information, the Corporation has allocated assets based on their physical location or location of the customer/payer. 

(2) 

 Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

North America 
Cuba 
Europe 
Asia 
Australia 
Other 

2023

Total
revenue(1)

2022

Total
revenue(1)

$

$

83.6  $
49.2 
17.8 
60.9 
10.5 
1.3 
223.3  $

125.5 
37.1 
- 
- 
16.2 
- 
178.8 

(1) 

For its geographic information, the Corporation has allocated revenue based on the location of the customer. Revenue excludes the revenue of the Moa JV, an equity-
accounted investment. 

Sherritt International Corporation   101   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Disaggregation of revenue by product and service type 

Revenue  in  the  below  table  excludes  revenue  recognized  by  the  Moa  JV,  which  is  excluded  from  consolidated  revenue  and 
included within the Corporation’s share of earnings of the Moa Joint Venture, net of tax, at the Corporation’s 50% interest due to 
the equity method of accounting.  Refer to the Moa JV’s statements of comprehensive income in note 7 for revenue recognized 
by the Moa JV on a 100% basis. 

 Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

Fertilizer 
Cobalt 
Power generation(1) 
Oil and gas service revenue 
Other 

2023

Total

2022

Total

revenue

revenue

$

$

64.1  $
80.1 
42.8 
12.6 
23.7 
223.3  $

93.2 
- 
32.1 
16.2 
37.3 
178.8 

(1) 

Included in power generation revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 is $31.5 million of revenue from service concession arrangements ($25.2 million for the year 
ended December 31, 2022). 

Deferred revenue primarily relates to payments for fertilizer sales received before shipment by the Fort Site in the Metals reportable 
segment.  All of the deferred revenue as at December 31, 2022 was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2023. 

Significant customers 

Fort Site in the Metals reportable segment derived $29.0 million of its revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 ($29.1 
million for the year ended December 31, 2022) from a customer that purchases and sells agriculture products.  

The Power reportable segment derived $47.1 million of its revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023 ($37.1 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2022) directly and indirectly from agencies of the Government of Cuba. 

No other single customer contributed 10% or more to the Corporation’s revenue in 2023 or 2022. 

Cobalt revenue 

Cobalt revenue relates to cobalt sold by the Corporation to third parties from the cobalt volumes received through distributions 
under the Cobalt Swap during the year ended December 31, 2023.  Refer to note 12 for further details on the Cobalt Swap.  The 
Corporation received $80.3 million of cash from cobalt sales during the year ended December 31, 2023 (December 31, 2022 – 
nil), with a negligible balance recorded in trade accounts receivable, net (note 11).  

102  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6.  EXPENSES 

Cost of sales includes the following: 

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

2023

2022

Employee costs 
Severance 
Depletion, depreciation and amortization of property,  

plant and equipment and intangible assets 

Raw materials and consumables 
Finished cobalt(1) 
Repairs and maintenance 
Shipping and treatment costs 
Inventory write-down/obsolescence 
Loss on environmental rehabilitation provisions 
Share-based compensation expense  
Changes in inventories and other 

$

$

67.6  $
1.6 

12.9 

56.0 
86.1 
81.5 
4.0 
9.8 
22.9 
- 
(76.9)
265.5  $

65.1 
2.8 

24.3 

99.2 
- 
43.8 
2.2 
0.7 
15.0 
3.7 
(94.1)
162.7 

(1) 

Finished cobalt relates to the cost of finished cobalt distributed to the Corporation pursuant to the Cobalt Swap and sold to external customers during the year ended 
December 31, 2023.  Refer to note 12 for further details on the Cobalt Swap.  The value is based on an in-kind value of cobalt, calculated as a cobalt reference price from 
the month preceding distribution, modified mutually between the Corporation and GNC in consideration of selling costs incurred by the Corporation. 

Administrative expenses include the following: 

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

Employee costs 
Severance  
Depreciation 
Share-based compensation (recovery) expense   
Consulting services and audit fees 
Other 

2023

18.4  $
- 
1.4 
(1.5)
4.4 
0.4 
23.1  $

2022

18.9 
0.2 
1.7 
13.8 
3.2 
(0.9)
36.9 

$

$

Sherritt International Corporation   103   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

7. JOINT ARRANGEMENTS 

Investment in Moa Joint Venture 

The  Corporation  indirectly  holds  a  50%  interest  in  the  Moa  JV.  The  operations  of  the  Moa  JV  are  conducted  among  three 
companies.  Moa Nickel S.A. owns and operates the mining and processing facilities located in Moa, Cuba; The Cobalt Refinery 
Company Inc. owns and operates the metals refinery located at Fort Saskatchewan, Canada; and International Cobalt Company 
Inc., incorporated in Bahamas, acquires mixed sulphides from Moa Nickel S.A. and third parties, contracts the refining of such 
purchased materials and then markets finished nickel and cobalt.  

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Moa JV distributed 2,082 tonnes of finished cobalt (100% basis) to the Corporation 
with an in-kind value of $88.1 million (US$65.5 million) (100% basis) pursuant to the Cobalt Swap.  The total volume of cobalt 
distributions during the year ended December 31, 2023 represented 100% of the annual maximum cobalt volume to be distributed 
to the Corporation pursuant to the Cobalt Swap. Refer to note 12 for further details on the Cobalt Swap.   

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Moa JV paid cash distributions of $64.0 million (US$48.5 million) (100% basis) of 
which $32.0 million was paid to the Corporation representing its 50% ownership interest and of which $32.0 million was redirected 
by GNC to the Corporation to settle the GNC receivable pursuant to the Cobalt Swap, in order for the total value of cobalt and 
cash  distributions  to  meet  the  annual  dollar  minimum  of  US$114.0  million  (100%  basis)  pursuant  to  the  Cobalt  Swap.    All 
comparative figures are nil as the Cobalt Swap commenced on January 1, 2023.  During the year ended December 31, 2022, the 
Moa  JV  paid  cash  distributions  of  $201.2  million,  of  which  $100.6  million  were  paid  to  the  Corporation  representing  its  50% 
ownership interest.  

All finished cobalt and cash distributions received in 2023 were declared as dividends during the year ended December 31, 2023.  
In  addition,  $74.5  million  (US$55.0  million)  of  cash  distributions  received  in  2022  were  declared  as  dividends  during  the  year 
ended December 31, 2023. 

The following provides additional information relating to the Corporation’s investment in the Moa Joint Venture on a 100% basis: 

Statements of financial position 

Canadian $ millions, 100% basis, as at  

Assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Income taxes receivable 
Other current assets 
Trade accounts receivable, net 
Inventories 
Other non-current assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Total assets 

Liabilities 
Trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Income taxes payable 
Other current financial liabilities(1) 
Loans and borrowings(2) 
Environmental rehabilitation provisions 
Other non-current financial liabilities 
Deferred income taxes 
Total liabilities 
Net assets of Moa JV 
Proportion of Sherritt’s ownership interest 
Total 
Intercompany capitalized interest elimination 
Investment in Moa Joint Venture 

2023
December 31

2022

December 31

$

$

$

11.8  $
6.4 
20.9 
82.6 
424.7 
23.3 
1,089.1 
1,658.8 

117.4 
2.8 
30.4 
23.5 
84.9 
3.7 
18.3 
281.0 
1,377.8  $
50%
688.9 
(42.2)
646.7  $

43.6 
- 
90.1 
178.0 
399.1 
16.8 
1,102.8 
1,830.4 

87.9 
4.1 
0.2 
26.0 
84.0 
4.6 
23.7 
230.5 
1,599.9 
50%
800.0 
(44.0)
756.0 

(1) 

(2) 

Included in other current financial liabilities as at December 31, 2023 is a $30.3 million revolving-term credit facility with the Corporation (December 31, 2022 – nil), of which 
$30.0 million is the principal balance (December 31, 2022 – nil) to fund working capital. 

Included  in  loans  and  borrowings  is  $9.1  million  of  current  financial  liabilities  (December  31,  2022  -  $11.3  million)  and  $14.4  million  of  non-current  financial  liabilities 
(December 31, 2022 – $14.7 million). 

104  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statements of comprehensive income 

Canadian $ millions, 100% basis, for the years ended December 31 

2023

2022

Revenue 
Cost of sales(1) 
Cobalt gain 
Impairment of property, plant and equipment 
Administrative expenses 
Earnings from operations 
Financing income 
Financing expense 
Net finance expense 
Earnings before income tax 
Income tax expense(2) 
Net earnings and comprehensive income of Moa JV 
Proportion of Sherritt's ownership interest 
Total 
Intercompany elimination  
Share of earnings of Moa Joint Venture, net of tax 

$

$

$

884.3  $
(832.7)
5.5  
(3.0)
(9.9)
44.2 
2.3 
(11.5)
(9.2)
35.0 
(1.4)
33.6  $
50%
16.8 
5.1 
21.9  $

1,344.2 
(989.4)
- 
- 
(14.7)
340.1 
0.8 
(19.0)
(18.2)
321.9 
(48.6)
273.3 
50%
136.7 
4.1 
140.8 

(1) 
(2) 

Included in cost of sales for the year ended December 31, 2023 is depreciation and amortization of $87.3 million ($87.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2022). 
Income tax expense for the year ended December 31, 2023 decreased since the comparative period primarily due to a decrease in taxable earnings of the operating 
companies in the Moa JV. 

Joint operation 

Sherritt’s  primary  power  generating  assets  are  located  in  Cuba  at  Varadero,  Boca  de  Jaruco  and  Puerto Escondido.  These 
assets are held by Sherritt through its one-third interest in Energas, which is a Cuban joint arrangement established to process 
raw natural gas and generate electricity for sale to the Cuban national electrical grid. Cuban government agencies Union Electrica 
(UNE) and CUPET hold the remaining two-thirds interest in Energas. 

The following provides information relating to the Corporation’s interest in Energas on a 33⅓% basis: 

Canadian $ millions, 33⅓% basis, as at 

Current assets(1) 
Non-current assets 
Current liabilities 
Non-current liabilities 
Net assets 

(1) 

Included in current assets is $93.9 million of cash and cash equivalents (December 31, 2022 - $96.7 million). 

Canadian $ millions, 33⅓% basis, for the years ended December 31 

Revenue 
(Expenses) income 
Net earnings 

2023

2022

December 31

December 31

120.6  $
13.5 
8.9 
60.8 
64.4  $

118.0 
11.4 
8.3 
68.5 
52.6 

2023

47.1  $
(32.4)
14.7  $

2022

37.1 
7.7 
44.8 

$

$

$

$

Sherritt International Corporation   105   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

8.  NET FINANCE EXPENSE 

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

Interest income on trade accounts receivable, net 
Interest income on advances and loans receivable 
Interest income on financial assets measured at amortized cost 

Revaluation of allowances for expected credit losses: 
  Trade accounts receivable, net 
  Energas conditional sales agreement receivable 
Revaluation of allowances for expected credit losses 

Gain on modification of Cuban receivables 
Gain on revaluation of GNC receivable 
Loss on revaluation of Energas payable 
Gain on repurchase of notes 
Other interest income and gains (losses) on financial instruments  
Other financing items 

Interest expense and accretion on loans and borrowings 
Unrealized foreign exchange (loss) gain 
Realized foreign exchange gain (loss) 
Other interest expense and finance charges 
Accretion expense on environmental rehabilitation provisions 
Financing expense 
Net finance expense 

Note

2023

$

-  $

0.8 
0.8 

11
11

11
11
15

16

$

-  
-  
- 

- 
14.7 
(7.6)
3.5 
6.4  
17.0 

(35.1)
(1.1)
0.4 
(0.4)
(0.3)
(36.5)
(18.7) $

2022

0.4 
11.6 
12.0 

(0.4)
(49.0)
(49.4)

4.0 
2.4 
(4.0)
20.9 
(2.7)
20.6 

(39.9)
5.4 
(0.2)
(3.6)
(0.3)
(38.6)
(55.4)

Revaluation of allowances for expected credit losses on Energas conditional sales agreement (CSA) 
receivable and trade accounts receivable from CUPET 

On October 13, 2022, the Corporation signed the Cobalt Swap with its Cuban partners to recover its total outstanding Cuban 
receivables over five years, including the Energas CSA (note 12) and trade accounts receivable from CUPET (note 11), beginning 
January 1, 2023, which impacted the Corporation’s ACLs on the Energas CSA and trade accounts receivable from CUPET during 
the year ended December 31, 2022. 

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Corporation recognized a revaluation loss on ACLs on the Energas CSA receivable 
of $48.5 million related to the Cobalt Swap.  The ACL used probability-weighted forward-looking scenarios, including a scenario 
wherein the receivable is repaid under the Cobalt Swap, which was assigned a high probability given the Corporation’s expectation 
that the Cobalt Swap would be signed and was a significant change in estimate during the year.  The expected credit loss in this 
scenario was measured based on the fair value of the GNC receivable recognized during the year ended December 31, 2022, as 
the  Corporation  expected  the  existing  Energas  CSA  receivable  to  be  substantially  modified  and  derecognized,  with  a  GNC 
receivable recognized at fair value.  The use of the fair value of the GNC receivable within the expected credit loss model of the 
Energas CSA was a significant change in estimate during the year ended December 31, 2022. 

Within this high-probability scenario, the fair value on initial recognition of the receivable from GNC attributable to the existing 
Energas CSA receivable was expected to be lower than the gross carrying value of the Energas CSA receivable, in part as a 
result of the suspension of interest over the five-year period of the agreement, which reduced cash flows in this scenario and 
resulted in an expected credit loss.  The fair value of the receivable from GNC was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation 
model, which included the following significant unobservable inputs: forecast in-kind nominal cobalt prices and discount rates. 

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Corporation also recognized a revaluation gain on ACLs on the trade accounts 
receivable from CUPET of $1.9 million related to the Cobalt Swap, reflecting the expectation of earlier repayment under the Cobalt 
Swap, which is included in the revaluation of ACLs on trade accounts receivable, net in the table above. 

106  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
9.  INCOME TAXES 

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

Current income tax expense 
Current period 

Deferred income tax expense (recoveries) 
Origination and reversal of temporary differences 
Non-recognition of tax assets 

Income tax expense (recoveries) 

Barbados 

2023

2022

2.4  $
2.4 

0.8 
0.8 

(25.3)
25.1 
(0.2)
2.2  $

(10.7)
9.5 
(1.2)
(0.4)

$

$

On  November  7,  2023,  Barbados  announced  that  effective  January  1,  2024,  the  general  corporate  tax  rate  in  Barbados  will 
increase to 9%. This change is not expected to have a material impact on the Corporation’s income tax liability during the year 
ended December 31, 2024. 

The following table reconciles income taxes calculated at a combined Canadian federal/provincial income tax rate with the income 
tax expense (recoveries) in the consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income: 

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

(Loss) earnings before income tax from continuing operations 
Less: share of earnings of Moa Joint Venture 
Parent companies and subsidiaries loss before income tax 

Income tax recoveries at the combined basic rate of 23.4% (2022 - 23.5%) 
Increase (decrease) in taxes resulting from: 

Difference between Canadian and foreign tax rates 
Non-recognition of tax assets 
Other items 

2023

2022

(62.1) $
(21.9)
(84.0)

63.3 
(140.8)
(77.5)

(19.7)

(18.2)

(2.7)
25.2 
(0.6)
2.2  $

7.2 
9.7 
0.9 
(0.4)

$

$

Deferred tax assets (liabilities) relate to the following temporary differences and loss carry forwards: 

Canadian $ millions, for the year ended December 31, 2023 

Deferred tax assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Other financial reserves 
Deferred tax assets 
Set off against deferred tax liabilities 

Deferred tax liabilities 
Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets 
Cuban tax contingency reserve 
Other financial reserves 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Set off against deferred tax assets 
Net deferred tax (liabilities) assets 

Opening 
Balance 

Recognized 
in net 
loss 

Recognized

in other

comp-

rehensive

loss

$

$

$

$

0.7  $
0.1 
0.8 
(0.8)
- 

(0.3) $
(1.0)
0.1 
(1.2)
0.8 
(0.4) $

(0.4) $
- 
(0.4)

-  $
- 
0.6 
0.6 

0.2  $

-  $
- 
- 

$

-  $
- 
- 
- 

-  $

Closing

Balance

0.3 
0.1 
0.4 
- 
0.4 

(0.3)
(1.0)
0.7 
(0.6)
- 
(0.2)

Sherritt International Corporation   107   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Canadian $ millions, for the year ended December 31, 2022 

Deferred tax assets 
Property, plant and equipment 
Other financial reserves 
Deferred tax assets 
Set off against deferred tax liabilities 

Deferred tax liabilities 
Property, plant and equipment and intangible assets 
Cuban tax contingency reserve 
Other financial reserves 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Set off against deferred tax assets 
Net deferred tax (liabilities) assets 

Opening 
Balance 

Recognized 
in net 
earnings 

Recognized

in other

comp-

rehensive

income

$

$

$

$

0.7  $
0.7 
1.4 
(1.4)
- 

(1.0) $
(1.0)
(1.0)
(3.0)
1.4 
(1.6) $

-  $

(0.6)
(0.6)

0.7  $
- 
1.1 
1.8 

1.2  $

-  $
- 
- 

$

-  $
- 
- 
- 

-  $

Closing

Balance

0.7 
0.1 
0.8 
(0.8)
- 

(0.3)
(1.0)
0.1 
(1.2)
0.8 
(0.4)

As at December 31, 2023, the Corporation had taxable temporary differences of $409.9 million (December 31, 2022 - $532.1 
million) associated with investments in subsidiaries and the Moa JV for which no deferred tax liabilities have been recognized, as 
the  Corporation  is  able  to  control  the  timing  of  the  reversal  of  these  temporary  differences  and  it  is  not  probable  that  these 
temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future.  

As at December 31, 2023, the Corporation had non-capital losses of $996.4 million (December 31, 2022 - $962.2 million) and 
capital losses of $1,129.3 million (December 31, 2022 - $1,128.5 million) which may be used to reduce future taxable income. 
The Corporation has not recognized a deferred tax asset on $996.4 million (December 31, 2022 - $962.2 million) of non-capital 
losses, $1,129.3 million (December 31, 2022 - $1,128.5 million) of capital losses and $138.4 million (December 31, 2022 - $234.4 
million) of other deductible temporary differences since the realization of any related tax benefit through future taxable profits is 
not probable.  The capital losses have no expiry dates and the other deductible temporary differences do not expire under current 
tax legislation.  

The non-capital losses are located in the following countries and expire as follows:   

Canadian $ millions, as at December 31, 2023 

Canada 
Other jurisdictions 

10.  (LOSS) EARNINGS PER SHARE 

Canadian $ millions, except share amounts in millions and per share amounts in dollars, for the years ended December 31 

Net (loss) earnings from continuing operations 
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax 
Net (loss) earnings for the year - basic and diluted 

Weighted-average number of common shares - basic and diluted(1) 

Net (loss) earnings from continuing operations per common share: 
Basic and diluted 

Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, per common share: 
Basic and diluted 

Net (loss) earnings per common share: 
Basic and diluted 

Expiry

Non-capital

losses

2026-2043 $
Various

820.8 
175.6 

2023

(64.3) $
(0.3)
(64.6) $

2022

63.7 
(0.2)
63.5 

397.3 

397.3 

(0.16) $

0.16 

(0.00) $

(0.00)

(0.16) $

0.16 

$

$

$

$

$

(1) 

The determination of the weighted-average number of common shares - diluted excludes 6.6 million shares related to stock options that were anti-dilutive for the year 
ended December 31, 2023 (2.7 million that were anti-dilutive for the year ended December 31, 2022).   

108  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11.  FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

Cash and cash equivalents  

Cash and cash equivalents consist of: 

Canadian $ millions, as at 

Cash equivalents(1) 
Cash held in banks 

2023
December 31

2022

December 31

$

$

0.1  $

119.0 
119.1  $

0.2 
123.7 
123.9 

(1) 

The financial instrument fair value measurement hierarchy for cash equivalents is level 1. 

Cash and cash equivalents of the Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries held in Canada was $21.5 million as at December 
31, 2023 (December 31, 2022 - $20.3 million).   

The  Corporation’s cash  balances  are deposited  with major  financial  institutions rated investment  grade  by  independent rating 
agencies, except for institutions located in Cuba that are not rated.  The total cash held in Cuban bank deposit accounts was 
$96.3 million as at December 31, 2023 (December 31, 2022 - $101.6 million).  

As at December 31, 2023, $93.9 million of the Corporation’s cash and cash equivalents was held by Energas in Cuban bank 
deposit accounts (December 31, 2022 - $96.7 million).  These funds are for use locally by the joint operation, including repayment 
of Energas’ payable to GNC (note 15), and for payments under the Energas Payment Agreement (Moa Swap) to facilitate foreign 
currency payments for the operating and maintenance costs of Energas, as well as to cover future payments owed to Sherritt, 
including dividends. 

Fair value measurement 

As at December 31, 2023, the carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents; restricted cash; trade accounts receivable, net; 
current portion of advances, loans receivable and other financial assets; current portion of loans and borrowings; current portion 
of other financial liabilities; and trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities are at fair value or approximate fair value due to 
their immediate or short terms to maturity. 

The  fair  values  of  non-current  loans  and  borrowings  and  other  non-current  financial  assets  and  liabilities  approximate  their 
carrying amount except as indicated in the below table.  Due to the use of judgment and uncertainties in the determination of the 
estimated fair values, these values should not be interpreted as being realizable in the immediate term. 

The following table presents financial instruments with carrying values different from their fair values: 

Canadian $ millions, as at 

Liabilities: 

8.50% second lien secured notes due 2026(1) 
10.75% unsecured PIK option notes due 2029(1) 

2023

December 31  

Hierarchy
level

Carrying
value

Fair
value

Carrying
value

2022

December 31
Fair
value

1 $
1

235.6  $
63.2 

179.3  $
43.1 

233.6  $
70.8 

185.9 
38.9 

Note

15
15

(1) 

The fair values of the 8.50% second lien secured notes due 2026 and 10.75% unsecured PIK option notes due 2029 are based on market closing prices. 

Trade accounts receivable, net  

Canadian $ millions, as at 

Trade accounts receivable 
Allowance for expected credit losses 
Accounts receivable from Moa Joint Venture 
Other 

2023

December 31

2022
December 31

$

$

100.0  $
(18.9)
44.7 
25.3 
151.1  $

155.8 
(19.5)
27.4 
22.7 
186.4 

Sherritt International Corporation   109   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Aging of trade accounts receivable, net 

Canadian $ millions, as at 

Not past due 
Past due no more than 30 days 
Past due for more than 30 days but no more than 60 days 
Past due for more than 60 days 

Allowance for expected credit losses 

2023 

2022 

December 31 

December 31 

$ 

$ 

118.3  $ 
24.7 
1.5 
6.6 
151.1  $ 

169.9 
4.4 
3.3 
8.8 
186.4 

Financial  assets  measured  at  amortized  cost  are  presented  net  of  their  allowances  for  expected  credit  losses  within  the 
consolidated statements of financial position. 

Canadian $ millions 

December 31

Revaluation(1)  

As at

2022

Foreign exchange and other non-
cash items 

As at

2023

December 31

Lifetime expected credit losses 
Trade accounts receivable, net 

$

(19.5) $

-  $

0.6  $

(18.9)

For the year ended December 31, 2023 

For the year ended December 31, 2022 

Canadian $ millions 

December 31

Revaluation(1)  

Derecognition 

As at

2021

Foreign exchange 
and other non-cash 
items 

As at

2022

December 31

Lifetime expected credit losses 
Trade accounts receivable, net 
Energas conditional sales agreement(2) 

$

(21.8) $
(8.0)

(0.4) $

(49.0)

2.2  $

57.0 

0.5  $
- 

(19.5)
- 

(1)  Revaluation of allowances for expected credit losses are recognized within net finance expense (note 8).   
(2) 

Included  in  the  $49.0  million  revaluation  loss presented  above  is  a  $48.5  million  loss  on  revaluation  of  the  allowance  for  expected  credit  losses  on the  Energas  CSA 
recognized during the year ended December 31, 2022 as a result of the Cobalt Swap, as disclosed in note 8. 

Energas conditional sales agreement 

A conditional sales agreement was entered into by the Corporation with Energas to finance construction activity on specific power 
generating assets in Cuba.  The agreement directed the Corporation to arrange for the performance of certain construction activity 
on behalf of Energas and contained design specifications for each new construction phase.  The Corporation retains title to the 
constructed assets until the loan is fully repaid.  The facility bore interest at 8.0%.  Income generated by the constructed assets 
was used to repay the facilities.  Until the loan is fully repaid, all of the income generated by these assets is paid to the Corporation.  
The amount of advances and loans receivable from Energas was presented net of its one-third share of Energas’ liabilities as a 
result of the Corporation’s one-third interest in Energas, a joint operation. 

As  a  result  of  the  Cobalt  Swap  signed  on  October  13,  2022  and  substantial  modification  of  the  financial  asset,  the  Energas 
conditional sales agreement was derecognized during the year ended December 31, 2022. 

110  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value hierarchy 

The GNC receivable (note 12) is a financial instrument subsequently measured at FVTPL and the Energas payable (note 15) is 
a financial instrument designated at FVTPL at initial recognition, as it contains an embedded derivative. Their fair values are 
determined using discounted cash flows in a Monte Carlo simulation model, which uses inputs, some of which are not based on 
observable market data and require significant judgment.  As a result, the GNC receivable and Energas payable are included in 
Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.  The Monte Carlo simulation model includes the following inputs: forecast in-kind nominal 
cobalt prices, forecast cobalt price volatility, forecast cobalt volumes, forecast foreign exchange rates, discount rates and available 
amounts for cash payments.  Forecast in-kind nominal cobalt prices and the discount rate are significant unobservable inputs for 
the  GNC  receivable.   The  Corporation’s  valuation  process,  including  its  valuation  policy  and  procedures  for  fair  value 
measurements included in Level 3, is determined by the Corporation’s management and fair value is calculated each reporting 
period with the assistance of a third-party valuation specialist.  Fair value measurement, and changes in fair value from period 
to period, are reviewed for reasonability by management each reporting period.  

The following significant unobservable inputs were used to determine the fair value of the GNC receivable as at December 31, 
2023: 

• 

Forecast in-kind nominal cobalt prices from US$12/lb to US$17/lb (December 31, 2022 - US$18/lb to US$24/lb).  A $10 
increase in forecast in-kind nominal cobalt prices would increase the fair value by $12.5 million (December 31, 2022 - 
$10.1 million), while a $10 decrease in forecast in-kind nominal cobalt prices would decrease the fair value by $15.8 
million (December 31, 2022 - $7.7 million).  The settlement of the GNC receivable is based on an in-kind value of cobalt, 
calculated as a cobalt reference price from the month preceding distribution, modified mutually between the Corporation 
and GNC in consideration of selling costs incurred by the Corporation. 

•  Discount rate of 11% (December 31, 2022 – 12%).  A 5 percentage point increase in the discount rate would decrease 
the fair value by $24.8 million (December 31, 2022 - $27.7 million), while a 5 percentage point decrease in the discount 
rate would increase the fair value by $29.1 million (December 31, 2022 - $32.1 million). 

The following is a reconciliation of the fair value of the GNC receivable upon initial recognition to December 31, 2022 and from 
December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2023: 

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended 

Balance, beginning of the year (prior year - balance upon initial recognition) 
Gain on revaluation of GNC receivable in net finance expense 
Settlements 
Balance, end of the year 

Note 

December 31

December 31

2023

2022

$

8

12 $

279.1  $
14.7 
(76.0)
217.8  $

280.2 
2.4 
(3.5)
279.1 

The following is a reconciliation of the fair value of the Energas payable upon initial recognition to December 31, 2022 and from 
December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2023: 

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended 

Balance, beginning of the year (prior year - balance upon initial recognition) 
Loss on revaluation of Energas payable in net finance expense 
Settlements 
Balance, end of the year 

Note 

2023
December 31

2022

December 31

$

8

15 $

82.6  $
7.6 
(14.8)
75.4  $

79.6 
4.0 
(1.0)
82.6 

Sherritt International Corporation   111   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

12.  ADVANCES, LOANS RECEIVABLE AND OTHER FINANCIAL ASSETS 

Canadian $ millions, as at 

Advances and loans receivable 
GNC receivable(1) 
Moa JV revolving-term credit facility 

Other financial assets 
Finance lease receivables 

Current portion of advances, loans receivable and other financial assets(2) 
Non-current portion of advances, loans receivable and other financial assets 

2023
December 31

2022

December 31

Note

11 $

217.8 
30.3 

$

279.1 
- 

1.9 
250.0 
(79.8)  
170.2 

$

2.8 
281.9 
(74.8)
207.1 

$

(1)  As at December 31, 2023, the non-current portion of the GNC receivable agreement is $169.2 million (December 31, 2022 - $205.2 million). 
(2) 

Included in the current portion of advances, loans receivable and other financial assets as at December 31, 2023 is the current portion of the GNC receivable of $48.6 
million (December 31, 2022 - $73.9 million) and the current portion of the Moa JV revolving-term credit facility of $30.3 million (December 31, 2022 – nil), of which $30.0 
million is the principal balance (December 31, 2022 – nil) to fund working capital. 

GNC receivable 

The principal balance of the GNC receivable as at December 31, 2023 was $292.0 million (December 31, 2022 - $368.0 million), 
reflecting finished cobalt and cash settlements of $76.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2023.

On October 13, 2022, the Corporation signed the Cobalt Swap with its Cuban partners to recover its total outstanding Cuban 
receivables  over  five  years,  beginning  January  1,  2023.    Under  the  agreement,  the  Moa  JV,  at  the  discretion  of  its  Board  of 
Directors, will prioritize payment of dividends in the form of finished cobalt to each partner (Sherritt and GNC), up to an annual 
maximum volume of cobalt, with any additional dividends in a given year to be distributed in cash.  All of GNC’s share of these 
cobalt dividends, and potentially additional cash dividends, will be redirected to Sherritt as payment to recover the receivables 
until an annual dollar limit, including the collection of any prior year shortfalls, has been reached.

Under  the  terms  of  the  Cobalt  Swap,  GNC  agreed  to  assume  certain  liabilities  of  amounts  owed  to  Sherritt  by  Energas  S.A. 
(Energas) and CUPET in order to fully repay outstanding amounts over a five-year period.  As a result of signing the agreement 
on October 13, 2022, GNC became party to the contractual provisions of the agreement and the existing receivables from Energas 
and CUPET were modified.  The modification was determined to be a substantial modification and the existing receivables for 
amounts owing from Energas and CUPET were derecognized, with a GNC receivable recognized at fair value on initial recognition 
in the consolidated statements of financial position.

The principal balance of the GNC receivable as at December 31, 2022 was $368.0 million, representing the former Energas CSA 
receivable of $336.3 million, including accrued interest, and the former trade accounts receivable from CUPET of $31.7 million 
(collectively,  Energas/CUPET  liabilities).    The  Corporation  retains  title  to  the  power  generating  assets  financed  by  the  former 
Energas CSA described below, now assumed by GNC, until the GNC receivable is fully repaid.

As a result of the exchange, Sherritt no longer has the responsibility for collection on the amounts solely from Energas and CUPET.  
Energas and CUPET will remain liable for payment of the Energas/CUPET liabilities, as applicable, only to the extent not satisfied 
by GNC. On distribution of any redirected amounts from GNC in cobalt or cash to Sherritt, GNC will receive an equivalent payment 
from  Energas/CUPET  denominated  in  Cuban  pesos.    As  a  result  of  the  Corporation’s  one-third  interest  in  Energas,  a  joint 
operation, and recognition of its share of liabilities, the Corporation recognized one-third of Energas’ liability to GNC at fair value 
on initial recognition in its consolidated statement of financial position as at December 31, 2022.

No interest will accrue on the Corporation’s GNC receivable over the five-year  period.  In the event that the total outstanding 
receivables are not fully repaid by December 31, 2027, interest will accrue retroactively at 8.0% from January 1, 2023 on the 
unpaid principal amount as at December 31, 2027, and the unpaid principal and interest amounts will become due and payable 
by GNC to Sherritt.

Under the Cobalt Swap, over the five years beginning January 1, 2023, the Moa JV, at the discretion of its Board of Directors, will 
dividend a maximum of 2,082 tonnes of finished cobalt annually to the joint venture partners.  Accordingly, Sherritt will receive a 
maximum of 1,041 tonnes of finished cobalt dividends per year in respect of its 50% share of the Moa JV.  GNC will redirect its 
50% share of the total Moa JV dividends, up to 1,041 tonnes of finished cobalt per year, to Sherritt as repayment towards the 
outstanding receivables, provided that the total cobalt volume redirected has a value of at least US$57.0 million, subject to the 
following:

112  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

• 

• 

if the total annual finished cobalt dividend redirected by GNC has a value of less than US$57.0 million, GNC’s share of 
any cash distributions from the Moa JV in such year will be redirected to Sherritt until the value of physical cobalt and 
cash distributions in the aggregate totals US$57.0 million; 

if the maximum cobalt volume distributed (1,041 tonnes) is not met in a given year, the volume deficit will be added to 
the threshold in the following year; and 

any shortfall in the annual minimum payment will also be added to the following year, such that the full repayment is 
made within five years. 

The settlement of the outstanding receivables is based on an in-kind value of cobalt, calculated as a cobalt reference price from 
the month preceding distribution, modified mutually between the Corporation and GNC in consideration of selling costs incurred 
by the Corporation.  Upon receipt of the finished cobalt dividends, the title to both Sherritt and GNC’s redirected share of the 
finished cobalt will be transferred immediately to Sherritt and the physical product will be moved to a Sherritt warehouse in Fort 
Saskatchewan, from which Sherritt will sell the finished cobalt in the open market.

Moa JV revolving-term credit facility 

As at December 31, 2023, $30.0 million of principal amount was drawn by the Moa JV (December 31, 2022 – nil) to fund working 
capital. 

The  Moa  JV  revolving-term  credit  facility  is  provided  by  the  Corporation  to  the  Moa  JV  to  fund  working  capital  and  capital 
expenditures.  The  maximum  credit  available  is  $75.0  million  and  the  interest  rates  are  bankers’  acceptance  plus  4.00%.  
Borrowings  on  the  facility  are  available  to  fund  working  capital  and  capital  expenditures  of  $45.0  million  and  $30.0  million, 
respectively. 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Moa JV revolving-term credit facility was amended to extend its maturity for one 
year from April 30, 2024 to April 30, 2025, with no other changes to the terms or restrictions above. 

13.  INVENTORIES 

Canadian $ millions, as at 

Raw materials 
Materials in process 
Finished products 

Spare parts and operating materials 

2023

2022

December 31

December 31

$

$

-  $

1.2 
9.7  
10.9 
28.9 
39.8  $

0.1 
0.3 
14.6 
15.0 
22.7 
37.7 

For the year ended December 31, 2023, the cost of inventories included in cost of sales was $177.0 million, including $86.1 million 
of finished cobalt inventories received pursuant to the Cobalt Swap and sold to customers ($82.1 million and nil for the year ended 
December 31, 2022, respectively). 

Sherritt International Corporation   113   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

14.  NON-FINANCIAL ASSETS 

Property, plant and equipment 

Canadian $ millions, for the year ended December 31 

Cost 
Balance, beginning of the year 
Additions 

Additions and changes in estimates to environmental rehabilitation provisions   
Disposals and derecognition 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Balance, end of the year 

Depletion, depreciation and impairment losses 
Balance, beginning of the year 
Depletion and depreciation 
Disposals and derecognition 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Balance, end of the year 
Net book value 

Canadian $ millions, for the year ended December 31 

Cost 
Balance, beginning of the year 
Additions 
Additions and changes in estimates to environmental rehabilitation provisions 
Disposals and derecognition 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Balance, end of the year 

Depletion, depreciation and impairment losses 
Balance, beginning of the year 
Depletion and depreciation 
Impairments 
Disposals and derecognition 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Balance, end of the year 
Net book value 

Extension of Energas’ power generation contract 

Right-of-use

Plant,

assets - Plant,

2023

Oil and Gas

equipment

equipment

properties

and land

and land

Total

$

$

$

$
$

$

$

$

$
$

59.8  $
- 
- 
- 
0.7 
60.5  $

59.8  $
- 
- 
0.7 
60.5  $
-  $

608.2  $
20.1 
4.3 
(2.8)
(7.0)
622.8  $

468.4  $
12.7 
(2.6)
(6.8)
471.7  $
151.1  $

13.9  $
0.5 
- 
- 
- 
14.4  $

5.1  $
1.2 
- 
- 
6.3  $
8.1  $

681.9 
20.6 
4.3 
(2.8)
(6.3)
697.7 

533.3 
13.9 
(2.6)
(6.1)
538.5 
159.2 

2022

Right-of-use

Plant,

assets - Plant,

Oil and Gas

equipment

equipment

properties

and land

and land

Total

59.8  $
- 
(0.2)
- 
0.2 
59.8  $

59.5  $
- 
- 
- 
0.3 
59.8  $
-  $

584.0  $
27.7 
(15.2)
(8.2)
19.9 
608.2  $

443.2  $
13.2 
0.3 
(6.9)
18.6 
468.4  $
139.8  $

13.6  $
0.2 
- 
- 
0.1 
13.9  $

3.8  $
1.3 
- 
- 
- 
5.1  $
8.8  $

657.4 
27.9 
(15.4)
(8.2)
20.2 
681.9 

506.5 
14.5 
0.3 
(6.9)
18.9 
533.3 
148.6 

During the year ended December 31, 2022, Cuba’s Executive Committee of the Council of Ministers approved the twenty-year 
extension of the Energas Joint Venture contract with the Cuban government to March 2043, which was set to expire in March 
2023. As a result, the estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets in the Power reportable 
segment were extended. 

114  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Canadian $ millions 

Assets under construction, included in above 

As at December 31, 2023 
As at December 31, 2022 

Intangible assets 

Plant,
equipment

and land

$

30.6 
24.1 

Canadian $ millions, for the year ended December 31 

2023

Cost 
Balance, beginning of the year 
Additions 
Effects of movements in exchange rates 
Balance, end of the year 

Amortization and impairment losses 
Balance, beginning of the year 
Amortization 
Impairments 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Balance, end of the year 
Net book value 

Canadian $ millions, for the year ended December 31 

Cost 
Balance, beginning of the year 
Additions 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Balance, end of the year 

Amortization and impairment losses 
Balance, beginning of the year 
Amortization 
Impairments 
Effect of movements in exchange rates 
Balance, end of the year 
Net book value 

Exploration and evaluation   

Service

Contractual

Exploration

concession

arrange-

and

ments

evaluation

arrange-

ments

Other

Total

$

$

$

$
$

$

$

$

$
$

27.0  $
- 
- 
27.0  $

26.9  $
- 
- 
- 
26.9  $
0.1  $

115.9  $
0.4 
(0.2)
116.1  $

235.1  $
1.0 
(5.4)
230.7  $

108.6  $
- 
- 
- 
108.6  $
7.5  $

228.7  $
0.4 
- 
(5.3)
223.8  $
6.9  $

9.1  $
- 
- 
9.1  $

9.1  $
- 
- 
- 
9.1  $
-  $

387.1 
1.4 
(5.6)
382.9 

373.3 
0.4 
- 
(5.3)
368.4 
14.5 

2022

Service

Contractual

Exploration

concession

arrange-

and

ments

evaluation

arrange-

ments

27.0  $
- 
- 
27.0  $

26.5  $
0.4 
- 
- 
26.9  $
0.1  $

114.2  $
1.2 
0.5 
115.9  $

220.4  $
- 
14.7 
235.1  $

107.3  $
- 
1.3 
- 
108.6  $
7.3  $

203.5  $
11.1 
- 
14.1 
228.7  $
6.4  $

Other

Total

9.1  $
- 
- 
9.1  $

9.1  $
- 
- 
- 
9.1  $
-  $

370.7 
1.2 
15.2 
387.1 

346.4 
11.5 
1.3 
14.1 
373.3 
13.8 

Exploration  and  evaluation  assets  include  three  oil  production-sharing  contracts  (PSCs)  with  the  Government  of  Cuba, 
respectively referred to as Block 6A, Block 8A and Block 10, in the Oil and Gas segment.  Exploration and evaluation assets 
include  capitalized  expenditures  on  these  three  blocks,  and  primarily  consist  of  geological,  geophysical  and  engineering 
expenditures.  During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Corporation recognized an impairment loss of $1.3 million related 
to Block 8A, as the Corporation no longer expects to explore this area.  The Block 10 contract expires in 2043 and the Block 6A 
contract expires in 2045. 

Sherritt International Corporation   115   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Service concession arrangements  

Service  concession  arrangements  include  the  Puerto  Escondido/Yumuri  pipeline  and  the  Energas  Boca  de  Jaruco  power 
generation facility in the Power segment. 

15.  LOANS, BORROWINGS AND OTHER FINANCIAL LIABILITIES 

Loans and borrowings 

As at

2022

Canadian $ millions 

Note

December 31

8.50% second lien secured notes due 2026 
10.75% unsecured PIK option notes due 2029 
Syndicated revolving-term credit facility 

Current portion of loans and borrowings 
Non-current portion of loans and borrowings 

11 $
11

$

$

233.6  $
70.8 
46.5 
350.9  $
(46.5)
304.4 

For the year ended December 31, 2023 

Cash flows 

Non-cash changes 

Increase in other 
loans and 
borrowings 

Repurchase of 
notes 

As at

2023

Other 

December 31

-  $
- 
13.0 
13.0  $

-  $

(7.8)
- 
(7.8) $

2.0  $
0.2 
(2.7)
(0.5) $

$

For the year ended December 31, 2022 

Cash flows 

Non-cash changes 

235.6 
63.2 
56.8 
355.6 
(56.8)
298.8 

As at 

2022 

Canadian $ millions 

As at 

2021 

December 31 

Increase in 
other loans and 
borrowings 

Repurchase 

of notes 

8.50% second lien secured notes due 2026 
10.75% unsecured PIK option notes due 2029 
Syndicated revolving-term credit facility 

Current portion of loans and borrowings 
Non-current portion of loans and borrowings 

$ 

$ 

$ 

354.5  $ 
82.6 
7.4 
444.5  $ 
- 
444.5 

- 
- 
37.0 
37.0  $ 

(114.2)  $ 
(11.0) 
- 

(125.2)  $ 

8.50% second lien secured notes due 2026 (“Second Lien Notes”) 

Other 

December 31 

(6.7)  $ 
(0.8) 
2.1 
(5.4)  $ 

$ 

233.6 
70.8 
46.5 
350.9 
(46.5) 
304.4 

As at December 31, 2023, the outstanding principal amount of the Second Lien Notes is $221.3 million (December 31, 2022 – 
$221.3 million) and the notes mature on November 30, 2026.  Interest is payable semi-annually in cash in April and October. 

The  indenture  governing  the  Second  Lien  Notes  (the “Second  Lien  Notes  Indenture”)  requires  mandatory  redemptions  from 
excess cash (subject to the minimum liquidity condition noted below and the other terms and conditions set forth in the Second 
Lien Notes Indenture). The mandatory Excess Cash Flow redemption provision is in effect beginning with the two-quarter period 
ending  June  30,  2021  and  mandatory  redemptions  are  based  on  Excess  Cash  Flow  (a  measure  calculated  based  on  cash 
provided (used) by operating activities excluding Energas, less sustaining property, plant and equipment expenditures excluding 
Energas, plus all cash distributed by Energas to the Corporation held in Canada, including cash distributions received by the 
Corporation from GNC pursuant to the Cobalt Swap and its assumption of the Energas CSA), which mandatory redemption shall 
be required to be made only if the Corporation has minimum liquidity of $75.0 million calculated in accordance with the Second 
Lien Notes Indenture. Expected mandatory Excess Cash Flow redemptions have been included in the calculation of the effective 
interest rate of the Second Lien Notes. 

For the two-quarter period ended December 31, 2023, Excess Cash Flow, as defined in the Second Lien Notes Indenture, was 
negative. As a result, no mandatory redemptions will be required on the interest payment date in April 2024. 

116  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The minimum liquidity amount is defined in the Second Lien Notes Indenture  as all unrestricted cash, cash  equivalents and 
short-term  investments  measured  in  accordance  with  IFRS,  held  by  the  Corporation  and  its  restricted  subsidiaries  in  bank 
accounts located in Canada, less the principal amount drawn on the syndicated revolving-term credit facility, plus the total amount 
of cash used on all repurchases of Second Lien Notes and 10.75% unsecured PIK option notes due 2029 during the relevant 
two-fiscal quarter period.  There were no repurchases of notes during the two-quarter period ended December 31, 2023. 

The Second Lien Notes also include an option for the Corporation to redeem all or part of the notes outstanding prior to maturity 
at a price equal to 107% of the principal amount so redeemed, which was determined to be an embedded derivative. The fair 
value of this embedded derivative was nominal at inception and has not been presented separately from the Second Lien Notes 
within the Corporation’s consolidated statements of financial position.   

The Second Lien Notes Indenture provides for a 7% premium on (i) any optional early redemptions made at the election of the 
Corporation prior to maturity as mentioned above, and (ii) on repayment on the maturity date, provided that the aggregate amount 
of all premium payments paid by Sherritt with respect to the foregoing shall collectively not be less than $25.0 million.  Mandatory 
redemptions do not incur a premium and ultimately do not affect the timing of when this 7% premium is paid.  This premium is 
due upon the earlier of optional redemption and maturity of the Second Lien Notes and is accreted over the life of the instrument. 

Under the Second Lien Notes Indenture, the Corporation is subject to various restrictions, which limit, among other things, the 
incurrence of indebtedness, liens, asset sales and payment of distributions and other restricted payments, unless certain financial 
ratios are met and subject to certain customary carve-outs and permissions, often referred to as “baskets”.  If the ratio of earnings 
before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”)-to-interest expense, both as defined in the agreement, is above 
2.5:1,  unsecured  debt  can  be  incurred  without  the  use  of  a  basket  and  restricted  payments  can  be  made to  the  extent  the 
Corporation has sufficient room in an applicable basket, including the “builder basket” as calculated under the Second Lien Notes 
Indenture. As at December 31, 2023, the Corporation met the required financial ratio and has the capacity to make restricted 
payments up to $85.9 million. 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Corporation repurchased nil principal of the Second Lien Notes. During the year 
ended December 31, 2022, the Corporation repurchased $129.2 million of principal of the Second Lien Notes on the open market 
at a cost of $114.2 million, plus $1.1 million of accrued interest, resulting in a gain on repurchase of notes of $11.2 million (note 
8).  

Other non-cash changes consists of gains/losses on revision of cash flows and interest and accretion of a 7% premium.  This 
premium is due upon the earlier of optional redemption and maturity of the notes and is accreted over the life of the instrument. 

10.75% unsecured PIK option notes due 2029 (“PIK Notes”) 

As at December 31, 2023, the outstanding principal amount of the PIK Notes is $63.4 million (December 31, 2022 - $70.8 million) 
and the notes mature on August 31, 2029.  Interest is payable semi-annually in cash or in-kind, at Sherritt’s election, in January 
and July.  Expected payments of interest in-kind until the maturity of the note have been included in the calculation of the effective 
interest rate.   

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Corporation repurchased $11.2 million of principal of the PIK Notes at a cost of 
$7.8 million, plus $0.1 million of accrued interest, resulting in a gain on repurchase of notes of $3.5 million (note 8). During the 
year ended December 31, 2022, the Corporation repurchased $19.9 million of principal of the PIK Notes at a cost of $10.9 million, 
plus $0.7 million of accrued interest, resulting in a gain on repurchase of notes of $9.7 million (note 8). 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, in accordance with the terms of the PIK Notes Indenture, the Corporation elected not 
to pay cash interest due in January 2023 of $3.8 million and added the payment-in-kind interest to the principal amount owed to 
noteholders and the Corporation paid the July 2023 interest payment on the PIK Notes of $3.4 million in cash. During the year 
ended December 31, 2022, in accordance with the terms of the PIK Notes Indenture, the Corporation elected not to pay cash 
interest of $8.1 million on the PIK Notes and added the payment in-kind interest to the principal amount owed to noteholders. 

Subsequent to period end, in accordance with the terms of the PIK Notes Indenture, the Corporation elected not to pay cash 
interest due in January 2024 of $3.4 million and added the payment-in-kind interest to the principal amount owed to noteholders. 

Other non-cash changes consist of the gain on repurchase of notes, net of capitalized interest and accretion.  Accrued and unpaid 
interest on these notes is capitalized to the principal balance semi-annually in January and July at the election of the Corporation. 

Sherritt International Corporation   117   

 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Syndicated revolving-term credit facility (“Credit Facility”) 

As at December 31, 2023, the outstanding principal amount of the Credit Facility is $58.0 million (December 31, 2022 - $45.0 
million) and the Credit Facility matures on April 30, 2025.   

The maximum credit available is $100.0 million and the interest rates are bankers’ acceptance plus 4.00%. Borrowings on the 
Credit Facility are available to fund working capital and capital expenditures. Borrowings under the Credit Facility for spending 
on capital expenditures cannot exceed $75.0 million in a fiscal year. This restriction does not apply to capital expenditures of 
Moa Nickel S.A. The total available draw is based on eligible receivables and inventories, which are pledged as collateral. Certain 
cash held in banks in Canada is also pledged as collateral. 

The facility is subject to the following financial covenants and restrictions: 

•  Net  Available  Cash  covenant,  as  defined  in  the  agreement,  of  $25.0  million.  The  amount  compared  against  this 
covenant is composed of cash and cash equivalents  and short-term investments of the Corporation and its wholly-
owned subsidiaries held in Canada, plus undrawn amounts on the Credit Facility; 

•  Senior Secured Net Debt-to-EBITDA covenant, as defined in the agreement, of less than 2:1. Senior Secured Net Debt 
is calculated as first-lien debt, or amounts drawn on the Credit Facility, any derivative liability and any additional security 
ranked equal to first-lien debt, less cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments of the Corporation and its 
wholly-owned subsidiaries held in Canada up to $25.0 million. EBITDA is calculated on a trailing 12-month basis with 
Energas included on a cash basis; 

•  EBITDA-to-Interest Expense covenant, as defined in the agreement, of not less than 1.5:1 prior to September 30, 2022 
and not less than 2:1 thereafter. EBITDA is calculated on a trailing 12-month basis with Energas included on a cash 
basis. Interest expense excludes the payment-in-kind (PIK) interest on the Corporation’s PIK Notes; and 

•  Minimum  Tangible  Net  Worth  covenant,  as  defined  in  the  agreement,  of  $600.0  million  plus  50%  of  positive  net 
earnings. Tangible Net Worth is calculated as total assets, less intangible assets, less amounts drawn on the Credit 
Facility,  less  the  principal  amount  of  the  Second  Lien  Notes,  less  the  principal  amount  of  the  PIK  Notes,  less  any 
derivative liability and less any additional secured financing ranked equal to first-lien debt. 

As at December 31, 2023, the Corporation has $0.5 million of letters of credit outstanding pursuant to this facility (December 31, 
2022 - $0.5 million).  

During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023,  the  Credit  Facility  was  amended  to  (i)  add  an  accordion  feature,  which  allows 
additional lenders to join the Credit Facility and increase the maximum credit available by up to $25.0 million, subject to certain 
conditions, (ii) increase the permitted debt outside of the Credit Facility from $25.0 million to $35.0 million and (iii) extend its 
maturity for one year from April 30, 2024 to April 30, 2025, with no other significant changes to the terms, financial covenants or 
restrictions. 

In May 2022, Sherritt received consent from its lenders to expand the allowable use of proceeds to include repurchases of its 
notes. 

Other non-cash changes consist of accretion and a gain due to revisions of cash flows. 

Other financial liabilities 

Canadian $ millions, as at 

Energas payable(1) 
Lease liabilities 
Share-based compensation liability 
Other financial liabilities 

Current portion of other financial liabilities(2) 
Non-current portion of other financial liabilities 

2023

2022

Note

December 31

December 31

11 $

6, 17 

$

75.4  $
11.0 
6.7 
4.0 
97.1 
(22.5)
74.6  $

82.6 
12.6 
34.6 
40.4 
170.2 
(81.8)
88.4 

(1)  As at December 31, 2023, the non-current portion of the Energas payable is $59.0 million (December 31, 2022 - $68.2 million). 
(2)  As at December 31, 2023, the current portion of other financial liabilities includes the current portions of the Energas payable of $16.4 million (December 31, 2022 - $14.4 
million), a share-based compensation liability of $4.2 million (December 31, 2022 - $28.2 million) and nil other financial liability (December 31, 2022 - $37.2 million) to the 
Moa JV for distributions received that had not yet been declared as dividends, which was extinguished upon declaration as dividends. 

118  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
Energas payable 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, $14.8 million (US$11.0 million) (33⅓% basis) of cash was paid by Energas to GNC 
in Cuban pesos. The outstanding principal balance of the Energas payable as at December 31, 2023 is $97.3 million (December 
31, 2022 - $112.1 million) (33⅓% basis). 

No interest accrues on Energas’ payable to GNC over the five-year period of the Cobalt Swap.  In the event that the Energas 
payable is not fully repaid to GNC by December 31, 2027, interest will accrue retroactively at 8.0% from January 1, 2023 on the 
unpaid principal amount as at December 31, 2027, and the unpaid principal and interest amounts will become due and payable 
by Energas to GNC. 

Lease liabilities 

Canadian $ millions 

Lease liabilities 

Canadian $ millions 

Lease liabilities 

For the year ended December 31, 2023 

Cash flows 

Non-cash changes 

As at

2022

December 31

Principal 
repayments 
(note 23) 

Interest paid 
(notes 19 and 
23) 

Effect of 
movement in 
exchange 
rates 

As at

2023

Other 

December 31

$

12.6  $

(2.0) $

(0.7) $

-  $

1.1  $

11.0 

For the year ended December 31, 2022 

Cash flows 

Non-cash changes 

As at

2021

December 31

Principal 
repayments 
(note 23) 

Interest paid 
(notes 19 and 
23) 

Effect of 
movement in 
exchange rates 

As at

2022

Other 

December 31

$

14.2  $

(1.9) $

(0.8) $

-  $

1.1  $

12.6 

16.  PROVISIONS, GUARANTEES AND CONTINGENCIES 

Canadian $ millions, as at 

Environmental rehabilitation provisions  
Other provisions 

Current portion of provisions(1) 
Non-current portion of provisions 

2023

2022

December 31

December 31

$

$

125.7  $
2.3 
128.0 
(24.4)
103.6  $

103.6 
2.6 
106.2 
(15.7)
90.5 

(1)  As at December 31, 2023, the current portion of provisions includes a current environmental rehabilitation provision of $23.4 million related to the Corporation’s legacy 

Spanish Oil and Gas operations (December 31, 2022 – $14.7 million). 

Sherritt International Corporation   119   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Environmental rehabilitation provisions 

Provisions for environmental rehabilitation obligations are recognized in respect of Fort Site, Oil and Gas and Power and include 
associated  infrastructure  and  buildings,  such  as  oil  and  gas  production  facilities,  refinery,  fertilizer  and  utilities  facilities.    The 
obligations normally take place at the end of the asset’s useful life.   

The following is a reconciliation of the environmental rehabilitation provisions: 

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

Note

2023

2022

Balance, beginning of the year 
Change in estimates 
Gain on settlement of environmental rehabilitation provisions 
Utilized during the year 
Accretion 
Effect of movement in exchange rates 
Balance, end of the year 

$

$

8

103.6  $
27.2 
(0.2)
(5.9)
0.3 
0.7 
125.7  $

103.8 
(0.4)
(0.1)
(0.5)
0.3 
0.5 
103.6 

Change in estimates includes the impact of an increase in discount rates, which ranged from 3.1% to 7.8% as at December 31, 
2023 (as at December 31, 2022 – discount rates from 3.3% to 7.2%), and were applied to expected future cash flows to determine 
the carrying value of the environmental rehabilitation provisions, and an increase in the environmental rehabilitation provision 
related to the Corporation’s legacy Spanish Oil and Gas operations of $25.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 
($12.4  million  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2022)  due  to  an  increase  in  estimated  rehabilitation  costs  for  specialized 
decommissioning work and additional decommissioning activities required by regulators which were finalized during the fourth 
quarter of 2023. 

The  Corporation  has  estimated  that  it  will  require  approximately  $212.1  million  in  undiscounted  cash  flows  to  settle  these 
obligations.  The payments are expected to be funded by cash provided by operating activities. 

Guarantees 

On October 29, 2021, the environmental rehabilitation obligations held by the Corporation’s Spanish Oil and Gas operations 
were secured by a parent company guarantee of €31.5 million until December 31, 2023. During the year ended December 31, 
2023,  a  new  parent  company  guarantee  was  signed  with  a  four-year  term  valid  until  December  31,  2027  and  a  guaranteed 
amount of €35.8 million. The parent company guarantee has no impact on the Corporation’s available liquidity. 

Contingencies 

A number of the Corporation’s subsidiaries have operations located in Cuba.  The United States of America has maintained a 
general embargo against Cuba since the early 1960s, and the enactment in 1996 of the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity 
(libertad) Act (commonly known  as the “Helms-Burton Act”) extended the reach of the  U.S. embargo.  The Helms-Burton Act 
authorizes damage lawsuits to be brought in U.S. courts by U.S. claimants against those “trafficking” in the claimants’ confiscated 
property.  The former U.S. administration had announced that it would no longer suspend the right of claimants to bring lawsuits 
under Title III of the Helms-Burton Act, effective May 2, 2019.  Since that time, a number of lawsuits have been filed pursuant to 
Title III in the United States against companies in the U.S., Canada and elsewhere.  The Corporation has received letters in the 
past from U.S. nationals claiming ownership of certain Cuban properties or rights in which the Corporation has an indirect interest, 
including  in  relation  to  claims  certified  by  the  U.S.  Foreign  Claims  Settlement  Commission.    However,  Sherritt  has  not  been 
subjected to any lawsuits in this regard.  In the event that any such lawsuits were to be filed, Sherritt does not believe that its 
operations would be materially affected because Sherritt’s minimal contacts with the United States would likely deprive any U.S. 
court of personal jurisdiction over Sherritt.  Furthermore, even if personal jurisdiction were exercised, any successful U.S. claimant 
would  have  to  seek  enforcement  of  the  U.S.  court  judgment  outside  the  U.S.  in  order  to  reach  material  Sherritt  assets.    The 
Corporation believes it unlikely that a court in any country in which Sherritt has material assets would enforce a Helms-Burton Act 
judgment against it. 

In addition to the above matter, the Corporation and its subsidiaries are also subject to routine legal proceedings and tax audits. 
The Corporation does not believe that the outcome of any of these matters, individually or in aggregate, would have a material 
adverse effect on its consolidated net (loss) earnings, cash flow or financial position. 

120  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
17.  SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS 

Equity-settled stock option plan 

The Corporation maintains a stock option plan, pursuant to which shares of the Corporation may be issued as compensation. 
Eligible participants are those persons designated from time to time by the Human Resources Committee (“the Committee”) from 
among  the  executive  officers  and  certain  senior  employees  of  the  Corporation  or  its  subsidiaries  who  occupy  responsible 
managerial or professional positions and who have the capacity to contribute to the success of the Corporation. 

The maximum number of stock options issuable is 17,500,000. The remaining number of options which may be issued under the 
stock option plan is 4,282,796 as at December 31, 2023.  Under the stock option plan, the exercise price of each option equals 
the volume-weighted average trading price of the Corporation’s shares over the five days prior to the date the option is granted. 
An  option’s  maximum  term  is  10  years.    Options  vest  on  such  terms  as  the  Committee  determines,  generally  in  three  equal 
instalments  on  the  annual  anniversary  date  of  the  grant  of  the  options.    When  options  are  exercised,  the  related  options  are 
cancelled and the shares underlying such options are issued and are no longer available for issuance under the stock option plan. 

In February 2023, the Corporation’s Board of Directors approved the grant of stock options to executive officers with an exercise 
price of $0.53 and a maximum life of 7 years. The options vest and become exercisable in three equal amounts on the annual 
anniversary date of the grant of the options. The number of these options granted during the year ended December 31, 2023 was 
3,982,732 (nil during the year ended December 31, 2022). 

Canadian $, except as noted, for the year ended December 31 

Share price at grant date 
Exercise price 
Risk-free interest rate (based on 7-year Government of Canada bonds) 
Expected volatility 
Expected dividend yield 
Expected life of options 
Weighted-average fair value of options granted during the period 

2023

0.53
0.53
3.42%
70%
0%
7 years
0.36

$

$

Expected volatility is estimated based on the average historical share price volatility for a period equal to the expected life of the 
option.  The expected life of the option is estimated to equal its legal life at the time of grant.  The expected dividend yield is 
determined by comparing the expected dividend payment to the share price at grant date. 

The following is a summary of stock option activity: 

Canadian $, except number of options, for the years ended December 31 

Outstanding, beginning of the year 
Granted 
Expired 
Outstanding, end of the year 
Options exercisable, end of the year 

2023 

Weighted-

average

exercise

price

Number of

options

1.40 
0.53 
5.14 
0.83 
1.29 

4,120,191  $

- 
(1,418,450)
2,701,741  $
2,701,741  $

2022

Weighted-
average

exercise
price

1.78 
- 
2.50 
1.40 
1.40 

Number of

options

2,701,741  $
3,982,732 
(71,800)
6,612,673  $
2,629,941  $

Sherritt International Corporation   121   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

The following table summarizes information on stock options outstanding and exercisable: 

As at December 31 

 Range of exercise prices 

outstanding

life (years)

price

exercisable

Weighted-
average

remaining

Number

contractual

Weighted-

average

exercise

Number

2023

Exercisable
weighted-

average

exercise

price

 $0.53 - $1.20 
 $1.21 - $2.11 
 $2.12 - $3.00 
 $3.01 - $3.70 
Total 

5,653,208 
645,467 
283,899 
30,099 
6,612,673 

5.1  $
2.8 
0.6 
0.0 
4.6  $

0.62 
1.63 
2.99 
3.70 
0.83 

1,670,476  $
645,467 
283,899 
30,099 
2,629,941  $

0.83 
1.63 
2.99 
3.70 
1.29 

As  at  December  31,  2023,  6,612,673  stock  options  (December  31,  2022  –  2,701,741)  remained  outstanding  for  which  the 
Corporation has recognized a share-based compensation expense of $0.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 (expense 
of nil for the year ended December 31, 2022).   

Cash-settled share-based compensation plans 

On  an  annual  basis,  the  Corporation’s  Board  of  Directors  approves  the  grant  of  cash-settled  share-based  units  to  certain 
employees.  The units are in the form of: i) RSUs with no performance conditions, which vest at the end of three years and ii) 
PSUs subject to performance conditions, which vest at the end of three years. 

Cash payments for share-based units are primarily made in the first quarter of each year and are dependent upon the market 
value of the Corporation's shares on the settlement date, and in the case of PSUs, cash payments are also dependent upon the 
achievement of the performance conditions described below. The market value of the Corporation’s shares as at December 31, 
2023 and December 31, 2022 was $0.29 and $0.50, respectively. 

RSUs 

Under the terms of the Executive Share Unit Plan, the RSUs are available to be granted to executives and employees. The RSUs 
represent a right to receive a cash amount payable by the Corporation to a participant at the end of the vesting period for RSUs 
determined by reference to the market price of the shares multiplied by the number of RSUs held by the participant. RSUs are 
issued subject to vesting conditions, which are set by the Committee of the Board of Directors. RSUs vest not later than the earlier 
of (a) the earlier of: (i) December 31 of the third calendar year following the calendar year in respect of which the RSUs were 
granted or (ii) the date set out in the RSU grant agreement; and (b) the date of death of a participant. The vesting date set out in 
the grant agreement is typically the third anniversary of the grant date. The Corporation shall redeem all of a participant’s vested 
RSUs on the vesting date and may, at the discretion of the Committee, redeem all or any part of a participant’s unvested RSUs 
prior to the vesting date.   

Under  the  plan,  each  RSU  awarded  is  equivalent  to  a  share.  A  liability  is  accrued  related  to  the  units  awarded  and  a 
compensation expense is recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss) over the service period 
required for employees to become fully entitled to the award. At the maturity date, the participant receives cash representing the 
value of the units. The number of RSUs subject to no performance conditions outstanding at December 31, 2023 was 15,178,344 
(December 31, 2022 – 31,424,431). 

122  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PSUs 

PSUs represent a right to receive a cash amount payable by the Corporation to a participant at the end of the vesting period 
determined by reference to the market price of the shares multiplied by the number of PSUs held by the participant as adjusted 
for dividend equivalents credited, if any.  Under the plan, each PSU awarded is equivalent to a share.  A liability is accrued 
related  to  the  units  awarded  and  a  compensation  expense  is  recognized  in  the  consolidated  statements  of  comprehensive 
income (loss) over the 3-year service period required for employees to become fully entitled to the award.  The PSUs are issued 
subject to vesting conditions, including performance conditions, which are set by the Committee.  The vesting of PSUs granted 
prior  to  2023  will  be  subject  to  the  achievement  of  two  equally-weighted  performance  conditions  measured  over  the  3-year 
vesting period: (i) the Corporation’s total shareholder return relative to benchmark indices composed of mining and oil and gas 
companies for grants made in 2021 or the Corporation’s total shareholder return relative to benchmark indices composed of 
mining companies for grants made in 2022 (a market condition); and (ii) certain specified internal measures related to achieving 
strategic objectives and unit cost of production compared to budget (non-market conditions) and a service condition.  The value 
of PSUs that vest will vary from 0% to 200% based on the achievement of the market and non-market performance conditions.  
The number of PSUs subject to these performance conditions outstanding as at December 31, 2023 was 11,192,177 (December 
31, 2022 – 31,424,431). 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Corporation’s Board of Directors approved the grant of PSUs to certain employees, 
the  vesting  of  which  will  be  subject  to  the  achievement  of  the  Corporation’s  total  shareholder  return  relative  to  individual 
constituents of a benchmark mining index (a market condition) (the “disaggregated RTSR performance condition”) and a service 
condition.  Performance will be based on the percentile return of the Corporation as compared to the constituents within the index.  
The value of PSUs that vest will vary from 0% to 200% based on the achievement of the market performance condition.  The 
number of PSUs subject to this performance condition outstanding as at December 31, 2023 was 5,750,554 (December 31, 2022 
– nil). 

DSUs 

Under the terms of the Non-Executive Directors’ DSU Plan, DSUs are available to be granted to non-executive directors.  The 
DSUs represent a right to receive a cash amount payable by the Corporation to a participant following departure from the Board 
of Directors.  The value payable is determined by reference to the market price of the shares multiplied by the number of DSUs 
held by the participant as adjusted for dividend equivalents credited.  DSUs vest on the later of (a) the grant date or (b) the date 
that  any  terms  of  vesting  conditions  attached  to  the  DSUs  are  satisfied.    DSUs  generally  vest  on  the  grant  date.    DSUs  are 
redeemed by the Corporation at the election of the participant by filing a notice of redemption not earlier than the participant’s 
termination date and not later than December 1st of the calendar year following the termination date. 

A total of 6,334,403 DSUs are outstanding and vested as at December 31, 2023, granted between 2013 and 2023. 

A summary of the RSUs, PSUs and DSUs outstanding as at December 31, 2023 and 2022 and changes during the year ended 
is as follows: 

For the year ended December 31 

 Outstanding, beginning of the year 
 Granted 
 Exercised 
 Forfeited 
 Outstanding, end of the year 

 Units exercisable, end of the year 

2023

RSUs

PSUs

DSUs

31,424,431 
4,172,489 
(20,061,555)
(357,021)
15,178,344 
n/a

31,424,431 
5,936,876 
(20,061,555)
(357,021)
16,942,731 
n/a

5,695,560 
1,478,906 
(840,063)
- 
6,334,403 
6,334,403 

Sherritt International Corporation   123   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

For the year ended December 31 

 Outstanding, beginning of the year 
 Granted 
 Exercised 
 Forfeited 
 Outstanding, end of the year 
 Units exercisable, end of the year 

2022

RSUs

PSUs

DSUs

32,985,216 
5,238,226 
(6,506,942)
(292,069)
31,424,431 
n/a

32,985,216 
5,238,226 
(3,448,703)
(3,350,308)
31,424,431 
n/a

4,800,812 
1,216,684 
(321,936)
- 
5,695,560 
5,695,560 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Corporation recognized a share-based compensation recovery of $2.2 million for 
cash-settled share-based units, during which time the market value of the Corporation’s shares decreased by $0.21 and additional 
units vested. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Corporation recognized a share-based compensation expense of 
$17.5 million for cash-settled share-based units, during which time the market value of the Corporation’s shares increased by 
$0.12 and additional units vested. 

Share-based compensation liability 

Canadian $ millions, as at 

Share-based compensation liability 
Current portion of share-based compensation liability 
Non-current portion of share-based compensation liability 

Share-based compensation (recovery) expense 

Canadian $ millions 

Share-based compensation (recovery) expense 

Measurement of fair values at grant date 

2023

2022

Note

December 31

December 31

15 $

$

6.7  $
(4.2)
2.5  $

34.6 
(28.2)
6.4 

For the year ended

2023

2022

Note

December 31

December 31

6 $

(1.5) $

17.5 

The fair value of the RSUs, PSUs and DSUs are determined by reference to the market value and performance conditions, as 
applicable, of the Corporation’s shares at the time of grant. The following summarizes the weighted-average grant date fair 
values for the RSUs, PSUs and DSUs granted during the year: 

Canadian $, for the years ended December 31 

RSU 
PSU 
DSU 

2023 

2022

$

0.52  $
0.53 
0.51 

0.60 
0.60 
0.45 

The intrinsic value of cash-settled share-based compensation awards vested and outstanding as at December 31, 2023 was 
$6.7 million (December 31, 2022 - $34.6 million). 

18.  COMMITMENTS FOR EXPENDITURES 

Canadian $ millions, as at December 31 

Property, plant and equipment commitments 

2023

7.7 

$

124  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19.  SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION 

Working  capital  is  defined  as  the  Corporation's  current  assets  less  current  liabilities  and  was  $111.7  million  as  at 
December 31, 2023 ($61.7 million - December 31, 2022). 

Net change in non-cash working capital 

Net change in non-cash working capital includes the following: 

 Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

Trade accounts receivable, net 
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses 
Trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Deferred revenue 

Interest paid 

Interest paid includes the following: 

 Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

Interest paid on lease liabilities 
Interest paid on Second Lien Notes 
Interest paid on PIK Notes 
Other interest paid 

Non-cash transactions 

2023 

2022 

$ 

$ 

(45.2)  $ 
(10.5) 
(2.8) 
(37.0) 
1.9 
(93.6)  $ 

(11.0) 
(7.2) 
(0.9) 
7.4 
1.1 
(10.6) 

Note

2023

2022

15, 23 $

$

(0.7) $

(18.8)
(3.5)
(5.3)
(28.3) $

(0.8)
(29.1)
- 
(2.1)
(32.0)

Finished  cobalt  cost  of  sales  expense  is  a  non-cash  expense  added  back  to  net  (loss)  earnings  from  continuing 
operations  in  the  Corporation’s  consolidated  statements  of  cash  flow  prepared  using  the  indirect  method  as  the 
Corporation received finished cobalt inventories for no consideration pursuant to the Cobalt Swap and in satisfaction of 
its GNC receivable. 

During the year ended December 31, 2023, investing activities excluded $44.0 million of non-cash settlements of the 
GNC receivable, which was partially settled through receipts of finished cobalt inventories pursuant to the Cobalt Swap. 
During  the  year  ended  December  31,  2023,  an  additional  $32.0  million  of  the  GNC  receivable  was  settled  through 
receipts of cash, presented within Receipts of advances, loans receivables and other financial assets in the consolidated 
statements of cash flow. Refer to note 12 for further details on the Cobalt Swap. All comparative figures are nil as the Cobalt 
Swap commenced on January 1, 2023. 

20.  SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

Capital stock 

The Corporation’s common shares have no par value and the authorized share capital is composed of an unlimited number of 
common shares.  There were no changes in the Corporation’s outstanding common shares during the years ended December 
31, 2023 and 2022.  

Sherritt International Corporation   125   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Reserves 

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 
Stated capital reserve 
Balance, beginning of the year 
Balance, end of the year 

Share-based compensation reserve(1) 
Balance, beginning of the year 
Stock option plan expense 
Balance, end of the year 
Total reserves, end of the year 

2023

2022

222.2  $
222.2 

222.2 
222.2 

11.2  $
0.7 
11.9 
234.1  $

11.2 
- 
11.2 
233.4 

$

$

$

(1)  Share-based compensation reserve relates to equity-settled compensation plans issued by the Corporation to its directors, officers and employees. 

Accumulated other comprehensive income 

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 
Foreign currency translation reserve 
Balance, beginning of the year 
Foreign currency translation differences on foreign operations, net of tax 
Balance, end of the year 

Actuarial (losses) gains on pension plans 
Balance, beginning of the year 
Actuarial (losses) gains on pension plans, net of tax 
Balance, end of the year 
Total accumulated other comprehensive income  

2023

2022

$

$

406.2  $
(17.2)
389.0 

(4.6)
(0.2)
(4.8)
384.2  $

360.4 
45.8 
406.2 

(5.2)
0.6 
(4.6)
401.6 

21.  FINANCIAL RISK AND CAPITAL RISK MANAGEMENT 

Cuba risk 

During the years ended December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, Cuba experienced continued U.S. sanctions, impacting 
the  country’s  economy  and  hampering  the  country’s  foreign  currency  liquidity.    The  foregoing  may  contribute  to  increased 
economic risk to the Corporation.   

As a result of the Cobalt Swap, the Corporation no longer has the responsibility for collection of receivable amounts solely from 
Energas and CUPET, which are dependent upon Cuba’s economy, and instead will collect from GNC, the Corporation’s Moa JV 
partner.  GNC receives distributions from the Moa JV, which is less dependent upon Cuba’s economy as it earns foreign currency 
from nickel and cobalt sales to customers outside of Cuba. 

Risk management policies and hedging activities 

The Corporation is sensitive to changes in commodity prices, foreign exchange rates and interest rates. The Corporation’s Board 
of Directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Corporation’s risk management framework. The 
Corporation  reduces  the  business-cycle  risks  inherent  in  its  commodity  operations  through  industry  diversification,  discussed 
below in the commodity price risk section. 

Credit risk 

Sherritt’s sales of nickel, cobalt, fertilizers and electricity expose the Corporation to the risk of non-payment by customers. Sherritt 
manages this risk by monitoring the creditworthiness of its customers, documentary credit and seeking prepayment or other forms 
of payment security from customers with an unacceptable level of credit risk. In addition, there are certain credit risks that arise 
due to the fact that all sales of electricity in Cuba are made to agencies of the Cuban government. Although Sherritt seeks to 
manage its credit risk exposure, there can be no assurance that the Corporation will be successful in eliminating the potential 
material adverse impacts of such risks. 

126  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cuba 

The Corporation has credit risk exposure related to its share of cash, trade accounts receivable, net and advances and loans 
receivable associated with its businesses located in Cuba or businesses which have Cuban joint venture partners as follows: 

Canadian $ millions, as at 

Cash 
Trade accounts receivable, net 
Advances and loans receivable(1) 
Total 

2023

2022

Note

December 31

December 31

$

$

96.4  $
10.0 
217.8 
324.2  $

101.7 
7.2 
279.2 
388.1 

(1)  Advances and loans receivable excludes the Moa JV revolving-term credit facility with the Corporation as the counterparty is an operating company within the Moa JV that 
is located in Bahamas. Advances and loans receivable includes the GNC receivable pursuant to the Cobalt Swap of $217.8 million (December 31, 2022 - $279.1 million) 
(note 12), which the Corporation recovers from GNC. Although GNC is located in Cuba, it is less dependent upon Cuba’s economy, as GNC earns foreign currency from 
the Moa JV, whose nickel and cobalt sales are with customers outside of Cuba.  

The table above reflects the Corporation’s maximum credit exposure to Cuban counterparties. 

Allowance for expected credit losses 

The Corporation uses a three-stage approach to measure an ACL, using an ECL approach as required under IFRS 9 for financial 
assets measured at amortized cost. 

The following table presents the Corporation’s financial assets measured at amortized cost, the stage that they are in for ACL 
measurement  and  the  balance  of  the  ACL  as  at  December  31,  2023.    The  gross  carrying  value  of  the  financial  asset  best 
represents the maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date: 

Canadian $ millions 

Trade accounts receivable, net(1) 

Note

ECL stage(1)

Gross 
carrying value

ACL

Net 
carrying value

11

n/a $

170.0  $

(18.9) $

151.1 

(1) 

For trade accounts receivable, net, the Corporation has applied the simplified approach in IFRS 9 to measure the ACL at lifetime ECL.  The Corporation determines the 
ACL based on the past due status of the debtors, adjusted as appropriate to reflect current and estimated future economic conditions. 

Liquidity risk 

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Corporation will not be able to meet its obligations associated with financial liabilities.  Liquidity risk 
arises  from  the  Corporation’s  financial  obligations  and  in  the  management  of  its  assets,  liabilities  and  capital  structure.  The 
Corporation manages this risk by regularly evaluating its liquid financial resources to fund current and non-current obligations and 
to meet its capital commitments in a cost-effective manner.  

sales 
The main factors that affect liquidity include realized sales prices, timing of collection of receivables,  production 
volumes,  cash  production  costs,  distributions  from  the  Moa  JV  (including  pursuant  to  the  Cobalt  Swap),  working  capital 
requirements, capital expenditure requirements, repayments of non-current loans and borrowings obligations, credit capacity and 
debt and equity capital market conditions.  

and 

The Corporation’s liquidity requirements are met through a variety of sources, including cash and cash equivalents, cash provided 
by operating activities and distributions from the Moa JV (including pursuant to the Cobalt Swap), existing credit facilities, leases, 
derivatives and debt and equity capital markets. 

Based on management’s assessment of its financial position and liquidity profile as at December 31, 2023, the Corporation will 
be able to satisfy its current and non-current obligations as they come due.   

The agreements establishing certain jointly controlled entities require the unanimous consent of shareholders to pay dividends. 
It is not expected that this restriction will have a material impact on the ability of the Corporation to meet its obligations. 

Market risk 

Market risk is the potential for financial loss from adverse changes in underlying market factors, including foreign exchange rates, 
commodity prices and interest rates.  

Sherritt International Corporation   127   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

Foreign exchange risk 

Many  of  Sherritt’s  businesses  transact  in  currencies  other  than  the  Canadian  dollar.    The  Corporation  is  sensitive  to  foreign 
exchange exposure when commitments are made to deliver products quoted in foreign currencies or when the contract currency 
is different from the product price currency.  Derivative financial instruments are not used to reduce exposure to fluctuations in 
foreign exchange rates.  The Corporation is also sensitive to foreign exchange risk arising from the translation of the financial 
statements of subsidiaries with a functional currency other than the Canadian dollar impacting other comprehensive (loss) income. 

Based on financial instrument balances as at December 31, 2023, a weakening or strengthening of $0.05 of the Canadian dollar 
to the U.S. dollar with all other variables held constant could have a favourable or unfavourable impact of approximately $2.3 
million, respectively, on the Corporation’s net (loss) earnings.  

Based on financial instrument balances as at December 31, 2023, a weakening or strengthening of $0.05 of the Canadian dollar 
to the U.S. dollar with all other variables held constant could have a favourable or unfavourable impact of approximately $4.3 
million, respectively, on the Corporation’s other comprehensive (loss) income. 

Commodity price risk  

The Corporation is exposed to fluctuations in certain commodity prices. Realized prices for finished products and costs for input 
commodities are the most significant factors affecting the Corporation’s revenue and earnings. Revenue, earnings and cash flows 
from the sale of nickel, cobalt and fertilizers are sensitive to changes in market prices over which the Corporation has little or no 
control. 

The  Corporation  has  the  ability  to  address  its  price-related  exposures  through  the  limited  use  of  options,  future  and  forward 
contracts. The Corporation has not entered into such agreements during the years ended December 31, 2023 or 2022.  Sherritt 
also reduces the business-cycle risks inherent in its commodity operations through industry diversification. 

The Corporation has certain provisional pricing agreements at the Moa JV. These provisionally-priced transactions are periodically 
adjusted to actual prices as prices are confirmed, as the settlement occurs within a short period of time. In periods of volatile price 
movements, adjustments may be material to the Moa JV. 

Interest rate risk 

The Corporation is exposed to interest rate risk based on its outstanding loans and borrowings, and investments.  A change in 
interest rates could affect future cash flows or the fair value of financial instruments.  

Based on the balance of current and non-current loans and borrowings, cash equivalents, and current and non-current advances 
and loans receivable as at December 31, 2023, a 1.0% decrease or increase in the market interest rate would not have a material 
impact on the Corporation’s net (loss) earnings. The Corporation does not engage in hedging activities to mitigate its interest 
rate risk. 

Capital risk management 

In the definition of capital, the Corporation includes, as disclosed in its consolidated financial statements and notes: capital stock, 
deficit, loans and borrowings, other financial liabilities and available credit facilities. 

Canadian $ millions, as at 

Capital stock 
Deficit 
Loans and borrowings 
Other financial liabilities 
Available credit facilities 

2023

2022

December 31

December 31

$

2,894.9  $
(2,899.6)
355.6 
97.1 
41.5 

2,894.9 
(2,835.0)
350.9 
170.2 
54.5 

The Corporation’s objectives when managing capital are to maintain financial liquidity and flexibility in order to preserve its ability 
to meet financial obligations throughout the various resource cycles with sufficient capital and capacity to manage unforeseen 
operational and industry developments and to ensure the Corporation has the capital and capacity to allow for business growth 
opportunities and/or to support the growth of its existing businesses.  

128  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
Subject to the limitations within the Second Lien Notes Indenture and Credit Facility agreement, in order to maintain or adjust its 
capital structure, the Corporation may purchase shares for cancellation pursuant to normal course issuer bids, issue new shares, 
repay  outstanding  debt,  issue  new  debt  (unsecured,  convertible  and/or  other  types  of  available  debt  instruments),  refinance 
existing debt with different characteristics, acquire or dispose of assets or adjust the amount of cash and short-term investment 
balances. 

Certain of the Corporation’s loans and borrowings have financial tests and other covenants with which the Corporation and its 
affiliates must comply. Non-compliance with such covenants could result in accelerated repayment of the related debt or credit 
facility and reclassification of the amounts to current liabilities. The Corporation monitors its covenants on an ongoing basis and 
reports on its compliance with the covenants to its lenders on a periodic basis.  

Financial obligation maturity analysis  

The Corporation’s significant contractual commitments, obligations, and interest and principal repayments in respect of its financial 
liabilities,  income  taxes  payable  and  provisions  are  presented  in  the  following  table  on  an  undiscounted  basis.    For  amounts 
payable  that  are  not  fixed,  including  mandatory  redemptions  of  the  Second  Lien  Notes  (note  15),  the  amount  disclosed  is 
determined by reference to the conditions existing as at December 31, 2023. 

Canadian $ millions, as at December 31, 2023 

Total

Falling
due within
1 year

Falling
due
between
1-2 years

Falling
due
between
2-3 years

Falling
due
between
3-4 years

Falling
due
between
4-5 years

Falling
due in
more than
5 years

Trade accounts payable and  

  accrued liabilities 
Income taxes payable  

Second Lien Notes 
       (includes principal, interest and premium) 

PIK Notes  
       (includes principal and interest) 

Credit Facility 
Other non-current financial liabilities 
Provisions 
Energas payable 
Lease liabilities 

Total 

$

$

169.2  $
2.2 

169.2  $
2.2 

-  $
- 

-  $
- 

304.4 

18.8 

18.8 

266.8 

112.6 
65.3 
1.3 
214.4 
97.3 
13.3 
980.0  $

- 
5.5 
- 
24.4 
17.7 
2.6 
240.4  $

- 
59.8 
- 
0.4 
15.5 
2.4 
96.9  $

8.4 
- 
0.1 
2.1 
18.2 
1.3 
296.9  $

-  $
- 

- 

8.4 
- 
- 
13.9 
45.9 
1.3 
69.5  $

-  $
- 

- 

8.4 
- 
- 
9.4 
- 
1.2 
19.0  $

- 
- 

- 

87.4 
- 
1.2 
164.2 
- 
4.5 
257.3 

The Moa Joint Venture’s significant undiscounted commitments, which are non-recourse to the Corporation, are presented below 
on a 50% basis: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Environmental rehabilitation commitments of $136.1 million, with no significant payments due in the next five years; 

Trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $58.7 million; 

Loans and borrowings of $11.8 million; and 

Property, plant and equipment commitments of $32.1 million. 

Property, plant and equipment commitments include normal course expenditures and those associated with tailings management 
facilities. 

22.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS  

The Corporation and its subsidiaries provide goods, labour, advisory and other administrative services to jointly controlled entities 
at fair value. The Corporation and its subsidiaries also market, pursuant to sales agreements, a portion of the nickel, cobalt and 
certain by-products produced by and purchased from certain jointly controlled entities. 

Balances and transactions between the Corporation and its subsidiaries, which are related parties of the Corporation, have been 
eliminated and are not disclosed in this note. A listing of the Corporation’s subsidiaries is included in note 2.2. 

A description of the Corporation’s interests in jointly controlled entities is included in notes 2.2 and 7. 

Sherritt International Corporation   129   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the consolidated financial statements 

 Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

2023

2022

Total value of goods and services: 

  Provided to Energas 
  Provided to Moa JV 
  Purchased from Moa JV 
  Net financing income from Energas 
  Net financing income from Moa JV 

Canadian $ millions, as at 

Accounts receivable from Moa JV 
Accounts payable to Moa JV 
Advances and loans receivable from Moa JV 

$

46.6  $

372.8 
844.0 
- 
0.8 

22.9 
302.6 
1,216.0 
14.4 
0.4 

2023

2022

Note

December 31

December 31

11 $

12

44.7  $
72.2 
30.3 

27.4 
127.8 
- 

Transactions between related parties are generally based on standard commercial terms.  All amounts outstanding are unsecured 
and will be settled in cash.  No guarantees have been given or received on the outstanding amounts.  No expense has been 
recognized in the current or prior periods for bad debts in respect of amounts owed by related parties. 

Key management personnel  

Key  management  personnel  are  composed  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  Chief  Executive  Officer,  Chief  Financial  Officer,  Chief 
Commercial Officer, Chief Human Resources Officer, Senior Vice Presidents of the Corporation and the former Chief Operating 
Officer in 2022 prior to retirement. The following is a summary of key management personnel compensation:  

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

Short-term benefits 
Post-employment benefits(1) 
Share-based payments 

2023 

2022 

5.0  $ 
0.3 
4.6 
9.9  $ 

6.7 
0.3 
4.5 
11.5 

$ 

$ 

(1)  Post-employment benefits include a non-registered defined contribution executive supplemental pension plan.  The total cash pension contribution for key management 
personnel was nil for the year ended December 31, 2023 (nil for the year ended December 31, 2022).  The total pension expense that is attributable to key management 
personnel was nil for the year ended December 31, 2023 (nil for the year ended December 31, 2022).  

23.  LEASES 

Corporation as a lessee 

The  Corporation’s  portfolio  of  leases  primarily  consists  of  office  space,  machinery  and  equipment  and  computer  and 
telecommunications hardware. The Corporation’s lease liabilities are disclosed in notes 15 and 21. 

Amounts recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income: 

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

Expenses for variable lease payments not included in the measurement of lease liabilities 
Expenses relating to short-term leases 

$

2023

1.7  $
2.7 

2022

1.6 
2.1 

130  Sherritt International Corporation 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in the consolidated statements of cash flow: 

Canadian $ millions, for the years ended December 31 

Note

2023

Interest paid on lease liabilities 
Principal repayments on lease liabilities 

Included in net (loss) earnings from continuing operations: 
     Variable lease payments not included in initial measurement of lease liabilities 
     Payments for short-term leases (for which no lease liability is recognized) 

15, 19 $
15

$

0.7  $
2.0 

1.7 
2.7 
7.1  $

2022

0.8 
1.9 

1.6 
2.1 
6.4 

Corporation as a lessor 

The Corporation acts as a lessor in an operating lease of office space and in finance sub-leases of office and storage 
space.  The Corporation’s finance lease receivables are disclosed in note 12. 

The  Corporation’s  undiscounted  lease  payments  to  be  received  on  finance  lease  receivables  are  presented  in  the 
following table: 

Canadian $ millions, as at December 31, 2023 

1 year

1-2 years

2-3 years

3-4 years

4-5 years

5 years

Total

income

(note 12)

Receivable Receivable Receivable Receivable Receivable Receivable

Unearned

investment

in

in

in

in

in

in

finance

in the lease

Net

Undiscounted lease receipts on 
     finance leases 

$

1.0  $

1.0  $

-  $

-  $

-  $

-  $

2.0  $

0.1  $

1.9 

Sherritt International Corporation   131   

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
INVESTOR INQUIRIES 
Investor Relations
Sherritt International Corporation 
22 Adelaide St. West
Suite 4220
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
M5H 4E3 

Telephone: 416-935-2451 

Toll-free: 1-800-704-6698 

Fax: 416-935-2283 
Email: Investor@sherritt.com
Website: www.sherritt.com 

Shareholder Information

TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR
TSX Trust Company
P.O Box 700 Station B
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
H3B 3K3

AUDITORS
Deloitte LLP, Toronto

STOCK EXCHANGE 
LISTING
Toronto Stock Exchange – TSX:S
Common Shares - S

Telephone: 416-682-3860 

Toll-free (N. America) 1-800-387-0825 

Fax: 514-985-8843 

Toll-free (N. America) 1-888-249-6189 

Email: shareholderinquiries@tmx.com
Website: www.tsxtrust.com

Sherritt International Corporation 
22 Adelaide Street West, Suite 4220 
Toronto, ON M5H 4E3 

For further investor information contact: 
Telephone: 416.935.2451 
Toll-free 1.800.704.6698 
www.sherritt.com