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Shiloh Industries Inc.

shlo · NASDAQ Consumer Cyclical
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Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Industrial Materials
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2018 Annual Report · Shiloh Industries Inc.
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________  

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

FORM 10-K 

For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018

OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _________ to _________
Commission file No. 0-21964

 Shiloh Industries, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) 

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

51-0347683
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

880 Steel Drive, Valley City, Ohio 44280 
(Address of principal executive offices-zip code) 

(330) 558-2600 
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code) 

——————————————  

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

                   Title of each class                                                                                Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, Par Value $0.01 Per Share                                                                             The NASDAQ Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: 

None 
————————————    

          Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes  

 No  

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.  Yes 

No 

             Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been 
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes 

  No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant 
to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was 
required to submit such files).  Yes 

    No 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein and will not 
be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 
10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting 
company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and 
"emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer  

 Accelerated filer 

 Non-accelerated filer  

 Smaller Reporting Company  

Emerging Growth Company  

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying 

with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.   

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in the Exchange Act Rule 12b-2).  Yes  

  No   

Aggregate market value of Common Stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of April 30, 2018, the last business day of the registrant's 
most recently completed second fiscal quarter, at a closing price of  $8.31 per share as reported by the Nasdaq Global Market, was approximately 
$121,837,289. Shares of Common Stock beneficially held by each executive officer and director and their respective spouses and affiliates have 
been excluded since such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination 
for other purposes. 

Number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of December 18, 2018 was 23,441,986.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the proxy statement for the 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the "Proxy Statement") are incorporated by reference 

into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the extent described herein. 

 
 
 
 
INDEX TO ANNUAL REPORT
ON FORM 10-K

Table of Contents

PART I:

Item 1.

Item 1A.

Item 1B.

Item 2.

Item 3.

Item 4.

Item 5.

Item 6.

Item 7.

Business

Risk Factors

Unresolved Staff Comments

Properties

Legal Proceedings

Mine Safety Disclosures

PART II:
Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities
Selected Financial Data

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Item 8.

Item 9.

Item 9A.

Item 9B.

Item 10.

Item 11.
Item 12.

Item 13.

Item 14.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Controls and Procedures

Other Information

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

PART III:

Executive Compensation
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

PART IV:

Item 15.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Page

3

7

17

18

18

18

18

21

22

33

35

75

75

78

78

78
79

79

79

80

2

 
PART I

SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

Item 1. 

Business. 

General 

Shiloh Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the "Company," "Shiloh," "us," "our" or "we") is a 
Delaware corporation that was incorporated in 1993.  We are a global innovative solutions provider focusing on lightweighting 
technologies that provide environmental and safety benefits to the mobility market. Shiloh, headquartered in Valley City, Ohio, 
has a global network of manufacturing operations and technical centers in Asia, Europe and North America.

Our multi-component, multi-material solutions are comprised of a variety of alloys in aluminum, magnesium and steel 
grades, along with our proprietary line of noise and vibration reducing ShilohCore® acoustic laminate products.  The strategic 
BlankLight®, CastLight® and StampLight® brands combine to maximize lightweighting solutions without compromising safety 
or  performance.  Shiloh  delivers  these  solutions  in  body  structure,  chassis  and  propulsion  systems  to  original  equipment 
manufacturers ("OEMs") and "Tier 1" suppliers in the automotive and commercial vehicle markets.

Shiloh operates as one end-customer focused reporting segment.

Products

We produce components primarily for body structure, chassis and propulsion systems.

• 

Solution materials include aluminum, magnesium, steel, high strength steel alloys and ShilohCore® acoustic 
laminates. 

•  Body structure components include shock towers, instrument panel / cross car beams, torque boxes, tunnel 
supports,  seat  supports,  seat  back  frames,  hinge  pillars,  liftgates,  door  inners,  roof  supports  /  roof  panels, 
dashpanels and body sides.

•  Chassis systems components include cross members, frame rails, axle carriers, bearing caps, axle covers, PTU 
covers, axle tubes, rack and pinion housings, steering column housings, knuckles, links, wheel hubs, steering 
pumps, brake components, wheel blanks and flanges.

• 

Propulsion systems components include battery boxes and closures, beam axle housings, planetary carriers, 
clutch housings, transmission gear housings, engine valve covers, valve bodies, rocker arm spacers, heat shields, 
exhaust manifolds, cones, baffles, muffler shells, engine oil pans, transmission fluid pans, front covers and 
transmission covers.

Customers

Our customers are primarily in the automotive and commercial vehicle markets. We work closely with the world’s leading 
OEM and Tier 1 suppliers and have over 200 customers globally. Our customers include Bayerische Motoren Werke AG ("BMW"), 
Faurecia, Fiat Chrysler Automobiles ("FCA"), Ford Motor Company ("Ford"), General Motors Company ("General Motors"), 
Hendrickson International, Linamar Corporation, Tesla Inc., Volvo AB/Volvo Car Corporation and ZF Friedrichshafen AG.

The following customers accounted for more than 10% of our revenues in fiscal 2018, 2017 and 2016:

Customer

General Motors
FCA

2018

18.8%
15.8%

2017

17.9%
15.0%

2016

18.2%
17.1%

Business is awarded as a result of our ability to successfully bid on and win the production and supply of parts for models 

that will be newly introduced to the market by the OEMs or winning business on existing programs. 

3

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Raw Materials 

The primary raw materials required for our operations are hot-rolled and cold-rolled coated steel, as well as, aluminum 
and magnesium ingots. We obtain steel from a number of primary steel producers and steel service centers. The majority of the 
steel is purchased through customers' steel buying programs. Under these programs, we purchase steel at the price that our customers 
negotiated with their steel suppliers. We take ownership of the steel in many instances; however, the customers are generally 
responsible for commodity price fluctuations. Through centralized purchasing, we attempt to purchase raw materials at the lowest 
competitive prices for the quantity purchased across a broad supplier base. The supply of steel available for processing is a function 
of the production levels of primary steel producers. A portion of our steel products and processing services are provided to customers 
on  a  toll  processing  basis.  Under  these  arrangements,  we  charge  a  specified  fee  for  operations  performed  without  acquiring 
ownership of the steel and being burdened with the attendant costs of ownership or risk of loss. 

For our aluminum and magnesium, used in the CastLight® product brand, the cost of raw materials is adjusted frequently 
to align with secured purchase commitments based on customer releases or based on referenced metal index plus additional material 
cost spreads agreed to by us and our customers. Primary aluminum alloys are used in our proprietary "Thin Tech®" castings 
processes, which allow heat treat and enhanced mechanical properties. Secondary smelting is the process of recycling aluminum, 
which has a positive impact environmentally and economically. These types of alloys are used in our conventional die casting 
process. We purchase from suppliers in the U.S. and China based on competitiveness.  

Competition 

We compete in the laser welding, stamping, die casting and close-tolerance machining industries. Competitors within 
our main product brands vary.  BlankLight® competitors include numerous metal blanking companies ranging in all sizes, including 
raw  material  manufacturers  and  customers.  Welded  blank  competition  in  North America  includes  TWB  Company  LLC  and 
ArcelorMittal USA. Most laser welded blank competitors are affiliated with raw material or distribution providers.  Competition 
for sales of automotive stamping and assemblies is also intense. StampLight® competitors include Gestamp, L&W, Inc., Flex-n-
Gate  Corporation,  Midway  Products  Group  Inc.,  Narmco  Group  and  Kirchhoff Automotive  Group.    CastLight®  competitors 
include Bocar Group, Cosma International (a Magna Company), Georg Fischer, Gnotec AB, KSM Casting Group, Madison Kipp 
Corporation (MKC), Meridian (subsidiary of Wangfeng Auto Holdings Group), Nemak, Pace Industries, RCM Industries and 
Ryobi Aluminum Casting (USA), Inc., which are all competing for a growing number of automotive projects.   In almost all 
instances,  we  compete  through  our  main  strategies  of  "Lightweighting  Without  Compromise®"  and  "Lightweighting  With 
Benefits®", which provides us with the ability to provide solutions that do not compromise part integrity such as performance, 
safety, sound and efficiency.  Development and design optimization to lightweight products allows customers to achieve vehicle 
weight, fuel economy and/or ride and handling targets while favorably impacting the environment.

Employees 

As of October 31, 2018, we had approximately 4,200 employees. Organized labor unions represent 17% of our U.S. 

hourly employees and 99% of our non-U.S. employees. 

Each of our unionized manufacturing facilities has its own labor agreement with its own expiration date.  As a result, no 

contract expiration date affects more than one facility. 

Backlog 

A significant portion of our business pertains to automobile platforms for various model years. Orders against these 
platforms are subject to releases by the customer and are not considered firm orders until close to time of shipment. Backlog, 
therefore, is not a meaningful indicator of future performance. 

Seasonality 

Our business is moderately seasonal because many OEM customers close assembly plants primarily for periods in summer 
months and holiday seasons for model year changeovers. Shut-down periods vary by country. For additional information, refer to 
Note 19 "Quarterly Results of Operations" to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8 of this report. 

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Environmental Matters 

We are  subject to  environmental laws  and regulations concerning  emissions to  the air,  discharges to  waterways  and 

generation, handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste and hazardous materials. 

We are also subject to laws and regulations that can require the remediation of contamination that exists at current or 
former facilities. In addition, we are subject to other federal and state laws and regulations regarding health and safety matters. 
The majority of our production facilities have permits and licenses allowing and regulating air emissions and water discharges. 
While the Company believes that at the present time its production facilities are in substantial compliance with environmental 
laws and regulations, these laws and regulations are constantly evolving and it is impossible to predict whether compliance with 
these laws and regulations may have a material adverse effect on us in the future. 

ISO 14001 is a voluntary international standard issued in September 1996 and updated in 2015 by the International 
Organization for Standardization. ISO 14001 identifies the elements of an Environmental Management System ("EMS") necessary 
for an organization to effectively manage its effect on the environment. The ultimate objective of the standard is to integrate the 
EMS with overall business management processes and systems so that environmental considerations are a routine part of business 
decisions.  All of our manufacturing facilities are certified to the ISO 14001 standard. We have completed the certification process 
at each of our manufacturing facilities to the IATF 16949 standard, which has been the global benchmark for an international 
quality management system in the automotive industry.  

Research and Development

 We perform research, development, design and other engineering activities for the following primary reasons:

• 
• 
• 
• 

to provide solutions for customers
to integrate our leading technologies into advanced products and processes
to provide engineering support for all of our manufacturing sites
to provide technological expertise in engineering and design development

Along with our global manufacturing locations, we maintain Sales and Technical Centers in Asia (Shanghai, China), 
Europe (Gothenburg, Sweden) and North America (Plymouth, Michigan and Valley City, Ohio). Furthermore, we have Customer 
Service Centers in Germany (Munich and Stuttgart), Italy (Turin) and the United Kingdom (Evesham, England). Each of our Sales 
and Technical Centers is engaged in engineering, research and development efforts working closely with customers to develop 
custom solutions to meet their needs.

Intellectual Property

We hold 105 issued patents on a worldwide basis, including 34 issued U.S. patents and 57 patent applications in process 
worldwide. Of the 105 issued patents, 28% are in production use and/or are licensed to third parties and the remaining 72% are 
being considered for future production use or provide a strategic technological benefit to us. We do not materially rely on any 
single patent, nor will the expiration of any single patent materially affect our business. Our current patents expire over various 
periods into the year 2034. We are actively introducing and patenting new technology to replace formerly patented technology 
before the expiration of the existing patents. In the aggregate, our worldwide patent portfolio is materially important to our business 
because  it  enables  us  to  achieve  technological  differentiation  from  our  competitors.  We  also  maintain 58  active  trademark 
registrations and applications worldwide. In excess of 88% of these trademark registrations and applications are in commercial 
use by us or are licensed to third parties.

Segment and Geographic Information 

We conduct our business and report our information as one operating segment - Automotive and Commercial Vehicles. 
Our chief operating decision maker is  the executive leadership team, which includes certain Vice Presidents, all Senior Vice 
Presidents and the Chief Executive Officer, as this team has the final authority over performance assessment and resource allocation 
decisions.  In determining that one operating segment is appropriate, we considered the nature of the business activities and the 
existence of managers responsible for the operating activities. Customers and suppliers are substantially the same in the automotive 
and commercial vehicle industry.

Financial information regarding Company geographic mix is contained in Note 18 - "Business Segment Information" of 

the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this report.

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Acquisitions 

On March 1, 2018, Shiloh acquired all of the issued and outstanding capital of Brabant Alucast Italy Site Verres S.r.l., a 
limited liability company organized under the laws of Italy, and Brabant Alucast The Netherlands Site Oss B.V., a limited liability 
company organized under the laws of the Netherlands (collectively "Brabant"). The acquisitions complement our global footprint, 
with the expansion of aluminum and magnesium casting capabilities, while providing capacity for growth. The final purchase 
price for the acquisitions, funded in cash, was $65.3 million.

Company Website and Access to Filed Reports

Our website is located at https://www.shiloh.com. Under the Investors tab on our website, there is a copy of annual reports 
on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished 
pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), as soon as reasonably 
practicable after we file such material electronically with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). 

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains 
a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically 
with the SEC (https://www.sec.gov).  We do not incorporate information on the SEC's website into this Annual Report on Form 
10-K and information on the website is not and should not be considered part of this document, unless expressly stated otherwise.

6

 
 
 
Item 1A.  

Risk Factors

You should carefully consider the risks described below together with the other information set forth in this report, which 
could materially affect our business, financial position and future results. The risks described below are not the only risks facing 
the Company. Risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially 
adversely affect our business, financial position, operating results and cash flows.

Risks Related to Our Business 

A downturn in the global economy could harm demand for automotive and commercial vehicles that are manufactured with 
our products and, therefore, could adversely affect our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. 

The level of demand for our products depends primarily upon the level of consumer demand for new vehicles that are 
manufactured with our products. The global economic recession that began in 2008 had a significant adverse effect on our business, 
customers and suppliers and contributed to delayed and reduced purchases of passenger cars and commercial vehicles, including 
those manufactured with our products. Demand for and pricing of our products is also subject to economic conditions and other 
factors (e.g., energy costs, fuel costs, climate change concerns, vehicle age, consumer spending and preferences, materials used 
in production, commodity prices and changing technology) present in the various domestic and international markets in which 
our products are sold. If the global economy were to experience another significant downturn, depending upon its length, duration 
and severity, or any other event that results in a reduction of demand for automobiles, our financial position, results of operations 
and cash flows could be materially adversely affected. 

Deterioration in the United States and world economies could harm our customers’ and suppliers’ ability to access the capital 
markets, which may affect our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. 

Disruptions in the capital and credit markets could adversely affect our customers and suppliers by making it increasingly 
difficult for them to obtain financing for their businesses and for their customers to obtain financing for automobile purchases. 
Our  OEM  customers  typically  require  significant  financing  for  their  respective  businesses. This  financing  often  comes  from 
securitization markets, which experience severe disruptions during global economic crises. Our suppliers, as well as our customers’ 
suppliers, may face similar difficulties in obtaining financing for their businesses. If capital is not available to our customers or 
suppliers, or if the cost of capital is prohibitively high, their businesses would be adversely affected, which could result in their 
restructuring or even reorganization or liquidation under applicable bankruptcy laws. Any such adverse effect on our customers 
or suppliers could materially adversely affect us, either through loss of revenues from any of our customers so affected, or due to 
our inability to meet our commitments without excessive expense, as a result of disruptions in supply caused by the suppliers so 
affected. Financial difficulties experienced by any of our major customers could have a material adverse effect on us if such 
customers were unable to pay for the products we provide or if we experienced a loss of, or material reduction in, business from 
such customer. As a result of such difficulties, we could experience lost revenues, significant write-offs of accounts receivable, 
significant impairment charges, or additional restructurings. In addition, severe financial or other difficulties at any of our major 
suppliers could have a material adverse effect on us if we are unable to obtain on a timely basis and on similar economic terms 
the quantity and quality of components we require to produce products. Moreover, severe financial or operating difficulties at any 
automotive vehicle manufacturer or other significant supplier could have a significant disruptive effect on the entire industry, 
leading to supply chain disruptions and labor unrest, among other things. These disruptions could force OEMs and, in turn, other 
suppliers, including us, to reduce production or shut down plants. 

Our inability to obtain and maintain sufficient financing may harm our liquidity and financial position. 

Our working capital requirements can vary significantly, depending, in part, on the level, variability and timing of our 
customers’ production and the payment terms we have with our customers and suppliers. Our liquidity could be adversely affected 
if our suppliers were to suspend normal trade credit terms and require payment in advance or payment on delivery. If our available 
cash  flows  from operations  is  not sufficient to  fund  our  ongoing  cash  needs,  we  would likely  look to  our  cash balances  and 
borrowing availability under our Credit Agreement (as defined hereinafter) to satisfy those needs. In 2013, we and our subsidiaries 
entered into a Credit Agreement, dated October 25, 2013, as amended (the "Credit Agreement") with Bank of America, N.A., as 
Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender, Dutch Swing Line Lender and L/C Issuer, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as Syndication 
Agent, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and J.P. Morgan Securities, LLC as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint 
Book Managers, CIBC Bank, USA, Compass Bank and The Huntington National Bank, N.A., as Co-Documentation Agents and 
the  other  lender  parties  thereto.  We  entered  into  our  eighth  amendment  to  the  Credit Agreement  on  October  31,  2017  (the 

7

 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
"Amendment"), which, among other things,  provides for an aggregate availability of  $350 million, $275 million of which is 
available to the Company through the Tranche A Facility and $75 million of which is available to the Dutch borrower through the 
Tranche B Facility, and eliminates the scheduled reductions in such availability; increases the aggregate amount of incremental 
commitment increases allowed under the Credit Agreement to up to $150 million subject to our pro forma compliance with financial 
covenants, the Administrative Agent’s approval and the Company obtaining commitments for any such increase as well as other 
provisions. There can be no assurance that we will be able to continue to satisfy the financial covenants currently under the Credit 
Agreement, that we will be able to enter into favorable amendments in the future, that alternative sources of additional capital will 
be available on satisfactory terms or at all or that we will otherwise continue to have the ability to maintain sufficient capital 
financing. Insufficient liquidity may increase the risk of not being able to produce products or having to pay higher prices for 
inputs that may not be recovered in selling prices. 

We may be unable to realize revenues represented by awarded business, which could materially harm our business, financial 
position, results of operations and cash flows.

The realization of future revenues from awarded business is subject to risks and uncertainties, including the number of 
vehicles that our customers will actually produce, the timing of that production and the mix of options that our customers may 
choose. 

In addition to not having a commitment from our customers regarding any minimum number of products they must 
purchase from us if we obtain awarded business, the terms and conditions of the agreements with our customers typically provide 
that they have the contractual right to unilaterally terminate our contracts with only limited notice. If such contracts are terminated 
by our customers, our ability to obtain compensation from our customers for such termination is generally limited to the direct 
out-of-pocket costs that we incurred for inventory and not fully reimbursed tooling, and in certain rare instances, not fully depreciated 
capital expenditures. 

We base a substantial part of financial and operational planning on the anticipated lifetime revenues of particular products. 
We calculate the anticipated lifetime revenues of a product by multiplying our expected price for a product by the forecasted 
production volume for that product during the length of time we expect the related vehicle to be in production. We use third-party 
forecasting services to provide long-term forecasts, which allow us to determine how long a vehicle is expected to be in production. 
If we over-estimate the production units or if a customer reduces its level of anticipated purchases of a particular platform as a 
result  of  reduced  demand,  our  actual  revenues  for  that  platform  may  be  substantially  less  than  the  lifetime  revenues  we  had 
anticipated for that platform. 

Typically, it takes two to three years from the time a manufacturer awards a program until production begins. In many 
cases, we must commit substantial resources in preparation for production under awarded customer business well in advance of 
the customer’s production start date. Our results of operations may be affected due to delay in recovering these types of pre-
production costs if our customers cancel awarded business, including cancellation in the event technology supporting the awarded 
business becomes obsolete. 

We are dependent upon large customers for current and future revenues. The loss of all, or a substantial portion, of our sales 
to any of these customers, or the loss of market share by these customers, could materially harm our financial position and 
results of operations.

  We depend on major vehicle manufacturers for a substantial portion of our net revenues. For example, during 2018, 
General Motors and FCA accounted for 18.8% and 15.8% of our revenues, respectively.  The loss of all, or a substantial portion, 
of our sales to any of our large-volume customers could have a material adverse effect on our financial position and results of 
operations by reducing cash flows and our ability to spread costs over a larger revenue base. We may also make fewer sales to 
major customers for a variety of reasons other than losses of business relationships, including but not limited to: (1) reduced or 
delayed  customer  requirements,  (2)  strikes  or  other  work  stoppages  affecting  production  by  the  customers,  (3)  customer 
restructurings or reorganizations, (4) reduced demand for our customers’ products, (5) vehicle program discontinuance or (6) loss 
of business to competitors.

In addition, our OEM customers compete intensively against each other and other OEMs. The loss of market share by 
any of our significant OEM customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, unless we are able to achieve increased 
sales to other OEMs.

8

 
 
 
 
 
The failure to be awarded new business for additional content on new or existing vehicle programs or to retain existing business 
could materially harm our business. 

We compete for new business at the beginning of the development of new vehicle programs and upon the redesign of 
existing programs by major OEM customers. New program development generally begins three-to-five years prior to the marketing 
of the underlying vehicles to the public. Redesign of existing programs begins during the life cycle of a platform, usually at least 
two-to-three years before the end of the platform’s life cycle. The failure to obtain new business on new programs or to retain or 
increase business on redesigned existing programs, could adversely affect our business, financial position, results of operations 
and cash flows. In addition, as a result of the relatively long lead times, it may be difficult in the short term for us to obtain new 
revenues to replace any unexpected decline in the sale of existing products. 

In addition, a component of our growth strategy is to bid on and be awarded new business for additional content on our 
customers’ new or existing vehicle programs, while at the same time maintaining existing business that we have a desire to maintain 
and renew. If we are unable to introduce, differentiate and enhance our product offerings, anticipate industry trends or keep pace 
with technological developments or if our competitors introduce lower cost and/or differentiated products that are perceived by 
our customers to compete with ours, we may be unable to grow and maintain our business with our customers, and our business, 
financial position, results of operations and cash flows could be adversely affected.

Our inability to effectively manage the timing, quality, suppliers and costs of new program launches could harm our financial 
performance. 

In connection with the award of new business, we obligate ourselves to deliver new products and services that are subject 
to our customers’ timing, performance and quality standards. Additionally, as a Tier 1 supplier, we must effectively coordinate the 
activities of numerous suppliers in order for the program launches of our products to be successful. Given the complexity of new 
program launches, we may experience difficulties managing product quality, timeliness and associated costs. In addition, new 
program launches require a significant ramp up of costs; however, our sales related to these new programs generally are dependent 
upon the timing and success of our customers’ introduction of new vehicles. Our inability to effectively manage the timing, quality, 
suppliers and costs of these new program launches could harm our financial position, operating results and cash flows. Finally, 
even if we successfully manage the timing, quality, suppliers and costs of new program launches with respect to our operations, 
our customers’ production delays may be caused by another of our customers’ suppliers, which could harm our financial position, 
operating results and cash flows.  

Automotive production and sales are highly cyclical, which could harm our business, financial position, results of operations 
and cash flows. 

The highly cyclical nature of the automotive industry presents a risk that is outside our control and that often cannot be 
accurately  predicted. The  cyclical  nature  depends  on  general  economic  conditions  and  other  factors,  including  interest  rates, 
consumer confidence, consumer preferences, patterns of consumer spending, fuel costs and the automobile replacement cycle. In 
addition, customer production changeovers or new program launches may result in altered or delayed production cycles, which 
may reduce or delay purchases of our products by our customers. As a result, automotive production and sales may fluctuate 
significantly from year-to-year and such fluctuations may give rise to changes in demand for our products. Our business is directly 
related to the volume of automotive production and, because it has significant fixed production costs, declines in our customers’ 
production levels can have a significant adverse effect on our results of operations. Decreases in demand for automobiles generally, 
or decreases in demand for our products in particular, could materially and harmfully affect our business, financial position, results 
of operations and cash flows. 

The automotive industry is seasonal, which could harm our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. 

The automotive industry is seasonal. Some of our largest OEM customers typically shut down vehicle production during 
certain months or weeks of the year. For example, our OEM customers in Europe typically shut down operations during portions 
of July and August and additional periods during the December and January holiday season, while our OEM customers in North 
America typically close assembly plants for periods in June and July for model year changeovers and for additional periods during 
the December and January holiday season. During these downturns, our customers will generally reduce the number of production 
days because of lower demand and reduce excess vehicle inventory. Such seasonality, or unanticipated changes in plant shutdown 
schedules, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations.

9

 
 
Changes in technology and developments within the automotive industry could affect our business, financial position, results 
of operations and cash flows.

The automotive industry is undergoing significant change, and we believe that the pace of that change will accelerate in 
the next several years. Technological changes, including the development of autonomous vehicles, new products and services, 
new business models or new methods of travel may disrupt the historic business model of the industry, reduce the demand for the 
purchase of automobiles and adversely impact the sales of our customers as well as our sales, financial position, results of operations 
and cash flows. 

A material disruption at one of our manufacturing facilities could prevent it from meeting customer demand, reduce our 
revenues or negatively affect our results of operations and financial position. 

Any of our manufacturing facilities, or any of our machines or equipment within an otherwise operational facility, could 

cease operations unexpectedly due to a number of events, including: 

unscheduled maintenance outages
prolonged power failures
cyber attacks 
an equipment failure
labor difficulties, prolonged labor strikes or work stoppages 
disruptions in transportation infrastructure, including roads, bridges, railroad tracks and tunnels
fires, floods, windstorms, earthquakes, hurricanes or other natural catastrophes

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
•  war, terrorism or threats of terrorism or political unrest
• 
• 

governmental regulations or intervention 
other unexpected problems

Any such disruption could prevent us from meeting customer orders, reduce our revenues or profits and negatively affect 

our results of operations and financial position.

The decreasing number of automotive parts suppliers and pricing pressures from our automotive customers could make it 
more difficult for us to compete in the highly competitive automotive industry. 

The automotive parts industry is highly competitive. Bankruptcies and consolidation among automotive parts suppliers 
are reducing the number of competitors, resulting in larger competitors who benefit from purchasing and distribution economies 
of scale. Our inability to compete with these larger suppliers in the future could result in a reduction of, or inability to increase, 
revenues, which would harm our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. 

We face significant competition within each of our major product areas. The principal competitive factors include price, 
quality, global presence, service, product performance, design and engineering capabilities, new product innovation and timely 
delivery. We also face significant competitive pricing pressures from our automotive customers. Because of their purchasing size, 
our automotive customers can influence market participants to significantly reduce pricing in order to keep or win new business. 
If we are not able to offset pricing reductions resulting from these pressures by improving operating efficiencies and reducing 
expenditures, those pricing reductions may have an adverse effect on our business. 

We may not be able to continue to compete in the highly competitive automotive industry and increased competition or 

consolidation may have a material adverse effect on our business. 

Fluctuations between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar could harm our financial results.

We derived 27% of our revenue in fiscal year 2018 from our non-U.S. operations. The financial position and results of 
operations of certain of our international operations are measured using the foreign currency in the jurisdiction of those operations 
as  the  functional  currency. As  a  result,  we  are  exposed  to  currency  fluctuations  both  in  receiving  cash  from  its  international 
operations and in translating its financial results back to U.S. dollars. Assets and liabilities of our international operations are 
translated at the exchange rate in effect at each balance sheet date. Our income statement accounts are translated at the average 
rate of exchange prevailing during each fiscal quarter. A strengthening U.S. dollar against relevant foreign currency reduces the 
amount of income we recognize from our international operations. We cannot predict the effects of exchange rate fluctuations on 
our future operating results. As exchange rates vary, our results of operations and profitability may be harmed. We may use a 
combination of natural hedging techniques and financial derivatives to protect against certain foreign currency exchange rate risks. 
Such hedging activities may be ineffective or may not offset more than a portion of the adverse financial effect resulting from 
10

 
 
 
 
 
 
foreign currency variations.  The gains or losses associated with hedging activities may harm our results of operations. In addition, 
the portion of our revenue derived from international operations may increase in the future, due to the impact of acquisitions and 
overall growth in foreign markets, among other reasons. The risks we face in foreign currency transactions and translation may 
continue to increase as we further develop and expand our international operations.

We are subject to risks related to our international operations. 

We sell our products worldwide from our manufacturing and distribution facilities in various regions and countries, 
including the United States, Mexico, Europe and Asia. Operations are subject to various risks which could have a material adverse 
effect on those operations or our business as a whole, including: 

• 

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

• 
• 

exposure to changes of trade policies and agreements, including changes the North American Free Trade Agreement 
("NAFTA"), including as a result of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (the "USMCA") or otherwise and 
other international trade agreements 
exposure to impact of tariffs or other forms of political incentive systems affecting international trade 
exposure to local economic conditions and labor issues 
exposure to local political conditions, including the risk of seizure of assets by a foreign government 
exposure to local social unrest, including any resultant acts of war, terrorism or similar events 
exposure to local public health issues and the resultant impact on economic and political conditions
currency exchange rate fluctuations
controls on the repatriation of cash, including imposition or increase of withholding and other taxes on remittances and 
other payments by foreign subsidiaries 
export and import restrictions
difficulties in penetrating new markets due to established and entrenched competitors 

The U.S. Congress and Trump administration may make substantial changes to fiscal, political, regulation and other federal 
policies that may adversely affect our business, financial position, operating results and cash flows. 

Changes in general economic or political policies in the United States or other regions could adversely affect our business.  
For example, the current administration under President Donald Trump has indicated that it may propose significant changes with 
respect to a variety of issues, including international trade agreements, import and export regulations, tariffs and customs duties, 
foreign relations, immigration laws, tax laws, corporate governance laws and corporate fuel economy standards, that could have 
a positive or negative impact on our business. The risks we face in our international operations may intensify if we further develop 
and expand our international operations.

Significant increases and fluctuations in raw materials pricing could materially harm us without proportionate recovery from 
our customers. 

Significant increases in the cost of certain raw materials used in our products, such as steel, aluminum and magnesium, 
or the cost of utility services required to produce our products, to the extent they are not timely reflected in the price we charge 
our customers or are otherwise mitigated, could materially and adversely impact our results. Prices for raw material inputs can be 
impacted by many factors, including developments in global commodities markets, international trade policies and developments 
in technology. The amount of steel available for processing is a function of the production levels of primary steel producers. A 
significant portion of our magnesium is sourced from China and could be subject to availability, trade policies and price.

While we have been successful in the past recovering a significant portion of raw material costs, there is no assurance 
that we will continue to do so, or that increases in raw material costs will not adversely impact our business, financial position, 
results of operations and cash flows. In addition, significant increases in raw material prices may cause customers to redesign 
certain components or use alternative materials, which could result in reduced revenues, which could in turn harm our business, 
financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

The volatility of steel prices could materially harm our results of operations. 

A by-product of our production process is the generation of offal. We typically sell offal in secondary markets, which are 
similar to the steel markets. We generally share recoveries from sales of offal with our customers either through scrap sharing 
agreements, in cases in which we are participating in resale programs, or through product pricing, in cases in which we purchase 
steel directly from steel suppliers. In either situation, we may be affected by the fluctuation in scrap steel prices, either positively 
or negatively, in relation to our various customer agreements. As offal prices generally increase and decrease as steel prices increase 
11

 
 
 
 
 
and decrease, sales of offal may mitigate the impact of the volatility of steel price increases, as well as limit the benefits reaped 
from steel price declines. Any volatility in offal and steel prices could materially adversely affect our business, financial position, 
results of operations and cash flows.

Disruptions in the automotive supply chain could materially harm our business, financial position, results of operations and 
cash flows. 

The automotive supply chain is subject to disruptions because we, along with our customers and suppliers, attempt to 
maintain low inventory levels in order to manage our working capital. Disruptions in our supply chain could result from a variety 
of situations, such as the closure of one or more of our or our suppliers’ plants or critical manufacturing lines due to strikes, 
mechanical breakdowns, electrical outages, fires, explosions or political upheaval. Disruptions could also result from logistical 
complications due to weather, earthquakes, or other natural or nuclear disasters, mechanical failures, technology disruptions or 
delayed customs processing. 

If we are the cause for a customer to halt production, the customer may seek to recoup all of its losses and expenses due 
to such disruption from us. Any such disruptions affecting us or caused by us could have a material adverse effect on our business, 
financial position, results of operations and cash flows. 

Longer product lives of automotive parts may harm demand for some of our products. 

The average useful life of automobiles and automotive parts may continue to increase due to innovations in products and 
technologies. As automobiles and automotive parts product life cycles lengthen, opportunities to supply components for new 
programs may occur less frequently, which may reduce demand for some of our products. 

Discontinuation of the vehicle models, engines or transmissions for which we manufacture products may harm our business, 
financial position and results of operations. 

Our typical sales contract provides for supplying a customer with product requirements for particular programs, rather 
than manufacturing a specific quantity of components and systems. The initial terms of our sales contracts typically range from 
one to seven years, with automatic renewal provisions that generally result in our contracts running for the life of the program. 
Our contracts do not require our customers to purchase a minimum number of components or systems. The loss of awarded business 
or significant reduction in demand for vehicles for which we produce components and systems could have a material adverse 
effect on our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

We may pursue acquisitions or strategic alliances that we may not successfully integrate or that may divert management’s 
attention and resources. 

We may pursue acquisitions, joint ventures or strategic alliances in the future. However, we may not be able to identify 
and secure suitable opportunities. Our ability to consummate and integrate effectively any acquisitions or enter into strategic 
alliances on terms that are favorable to us may be limited by a number of factors, such as competition for attractive targets and, 
to the extent necessary, our ability to obtain financing on satisfactory terms, if at all. 

In addition, if a potential acquisition target, joint venture, or strategic alliance candidate is identified, we may fail to enter 
into a definitive agreement with the candidate on commercially reasonable terms or at all. The negotiation and completion of 
potential acquisitions, joint ventures or strategic alliances, whether or not ultimately consummated, could also require significant 
diversion of management’s time and resources and could potentially disrupt our existing business. The expected synergies and 
cost savings from acquisitions, joint ventures or strategic alliances may not be realized and we may not achieve the expected 
results, including the synergies and cost savings we expect to realize. We may also have to incur significant charges in connection 
with future acquisitions. Future acquisitions or strategic alliances could also potentially result in the incurrence of additional 
indebtedness, dilutive issuance of equity securities, costs and contingent liabilities. We may also have to obtain approvals and 
licenses from the relevant government authorities for such transactions to comply with any applicable laws and regulations, which 
could result in increased costs and delay. Future strategic alliances or acquisitions may expose us to additional potential risks, 
including risks associated with: 

• 

uncertainties in assessing the value, strengths and potential profitability of, and identifying the extent of all 
weaknesses, risks and contingent and other liabilities of, acquisition targets or other transaction candidates 

• 

our inability to generate sufficient revenue to recover costs and expenses of the strategic alliances or acquisitions 

12

 
 
 
• 

• 

potential loss of, or harm to, relationships with employees, customers and suppliers

unanticipated changes in business, industry or general economic conditions that affect the assumptions underlying the 
acquisition rationale 

Any of the above risks could significantly impair our ability to manage our business and materially harm our business, results of 
operations and financial position.

The hourly workforce in our industry is highly unionized and our business could be harmed by labor disruptions. 

As of October 31, 2018, 17% of our U.S. hourly employees and 99% of our non-U.S. employees were unionized. Although 
we consider our current relations with our employees to be satisfactory, if major work disruptions were to occur, our business 
could be harmed by, for instance, a loss of revenues, increased costs or reduced profitability. We have not experienced a material 
labor disruption in our recent history, but there can be no assurance that we will not experience a material labor disruption at one 
of our facilities in the future in the course of renegotiation of our labor arrangements or otherwise. 

In addition, many of the hourly employees of our customers in North America and many of their other suppliers are 
unionized. Vehicle  manufacturers,  their  suppliers  and  their  respective  employees  in  other  countries  are  also  subject  to  labor 
agreements. A work stoppage or strike at one of our production facilities, at those of a customer, or impacting a supplier of ours 
or any of our customers, such as the 2008 strike at a Tier 1 supplier that resulted in 30 General Motors facilities in North America 
being idled for several months, could have a material adverse impact on us by disrupting demand for our products and/or our 
ability to manufacture our products.

We may incur costs related to product warranties, legal proceedings and other claims, which could materially harm our financial 
position and results of operations. 

From time to time, we receive product warranty claims from our customers, as a result of which we may be required to 
bear the costs of repair or replacement of certain of our products. Vehicle manufacturers require their outside suppliers to guarantee 
or warrant their products and to be responsible for the operation of these component products in new vehicles sold to consumers. 
Warranty claims may range from individual customer claims to full recalls of all vehicles containing any of our products.

We vigorously defend ourselves in connection with all of the matters described above. We cannot, however, assure that 
the costs, charges and liabilities associated with these matters will not be material, or that those costs, charges and liabilities will 
not exceed any amounts reserved for them in our consolidated financial statements. In future periods, we could be subject to cash 
costs or charges to earnings if any of these matters are resolved unfavorably to us in amounts exceeding any reserves for such 
matters. 

Product recalls by vehicle manufacturers could negatively impact our production levels, which could materially harm our 
business, financial position and results of operations. 

Historically, there have been product recalls by some of the world’s largest vehicle manufacturers. Our risk to recalls of 
the products we manufacture is generally related to our workmanship on the product as opposed to the material and design of the 
products, as the design generally belongs to our customers and our parts are produced according to customer's specifications. 
Recalls, whether or not related to claims against us, may result in decreased vehicle production as a result of a manufacturer 
focusing its efforts on the problems underlying the recall rather than generating new sales volume. In addition, consumers may 
elect not to purchase vehicles manufactured by the vehicle manufacturer initiating the recall, or by other vehicle manufacturers, 
while the recalls persist. We do not maintain insurance in North America for product recall matters, as such insurance is not 
generally available on terms we deem acceptable. Any reduction in vehicle production volumes, especially by our OEM customers, 
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations. 

We rely on information technology and a failure of our information technology infrastructure or a breach of our information 
security could adversely impact our business and operations. 

Our operations rely on a number of information technologies to manage, store and support business activities. We have 
a number of systems, processes and practices in place that are designed to protect against the failure of our systems. We recognize 
the increasing volume of cyber attacks and employ commercially practical efforts to provide reasonable assurance that risks of 
such attacks are appropriately mitigated. Despite our efforts to protect sensitive and confidential information and personal data, 
including our employees' personal information, our facilities and systems and those of our third-party service providers may be 
vulnerable  to  security  breaches,  disclosure,  modification  or  destruction  of  proprietary  and  other  key  information,  production 
13

 
 
 
 
 
downtimes and operational disruptions, which in turn could adversely affect our results of operations. Our systems and those of 
our service providers are vulnerable to circumstances beyond our reasonable control including acts of terror, acts of government, 
natural disasters, civil unrest and denial of service attacks which may lead to the theft of our intellectual property or trade secrets, 
disclosure,  modification  or  destruction  of  proprietary  and  other  key  information  and  production  downtimes  and  operational 
disruptions, which in turn could adversely affect our results of operations. To the extent that any disruption or security breach 
results in a loss or damage to our data, or an inappropriate disclosure of confidential or protected personal information, it could 
cause significant damage to our reputation, affect our relationships with our customers, suppliers and employees, lead to claims 
against us and ultimately harm our business. Additionally, we may be required to incur significant costs to protect against damage 
caused by these disruptions or security breaches in the future.

Changes in privacy laws, regulations and standards may cause our business to suffer. 

  Personal  privacy  and  data  security  have  become  significant  issues  in  the  United  States,  Europe  and  in  many  other 
jurisdictions where we offer our products. The regulatory framework for privacy and security issues worldwide is rapidly evolving 
and is likely to remain uncertain for the foreseeable future. Federal, state, or foreign government bodies or agencies have in the 
past adopted and may in the future adopt, laws and regulations affecting data privacy. In many jurisdictions, enforcement actions 
and consequences for noncompliance are rising. We may be required to incur significant costs to comply with privacy and data 
securities laws, rules and regulations. Any inability to adequately address privacy and security concerns, even if unfounded, or 
comply with applicable privacy and data security laws, rules and regulations could result in additional cost and liability to us, 
damage our reputation, inhibit our sales and adversely affect our business.

If we are unable to protect our intellectual property or if a third party makes assertions against us or our customers relating 
to intellectual property rights, our business could be harmed. 

We own important intellectual property, including patents, trademarks, copyrights and trade secrets and are a party to 
licensing arrangements. Our intellectual property plays an important role in maintaining our competitive position. Notwithstanding 
our  intellectual  property  portfolio,  our  competitors  may  develop  technologies  that  are  similar  or  superior  to  our  proprietary 
technologies or design around the patents we own or license. Various patent, copyright, trade secret and trademark laws provide 
limited  protection  and  may  not  prevent  our  competitors  from  duplicating  our  products  or  gaining  access  to  our  proprietary 
information. Further, as we expand our operations in jurisdictions where the protection of intellectual property rights is less robust, 
the risk of others duplicating our proprietary technologies increases, despite efforts we undertake to protect them.

On occasion, we may assert claims against third parties who are taking actions that we believe are infringing our intellectual 
property rights. Similarly, third parties may assert claims against us and our customers and distributors alleging our products 
infringe upon third party intellectual property rights. These claims, regardless of their merit or resolution, are frequently costly to 
prosecute, defend or settle and divert the efforts and attention of our management and employees. Claims of this sort also could 
harm our relationships with our customers and might deter future customers from doing business with us. If any such claim were 
to result in an adverse outcome, we could be required to take actions which may include: expending significant resources to develop 
or license non-infringing products, paying substantial damages to third parties, including to customers to compensate them for 
their discontinued use or replacing infringing technology with non-infringing technology or cessation of the manufacture, use or 
sale of the infringing products. Any of the foregoing results could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, 
results of operations, or our competitive position. 

We  are  subject  to  risks  associated  with  changing  manufacturing  technologies,  which  could  place  us  at  a  competitive 
disadvantage. 

The successful implementation of our business strategy requires us to continuously evolve our existing products and 
introduce new products to meet customers’ needs. Our products are characterized by stringent performance and specification 
requirements that mandate a high degree of manufacturing and engineering expertise. If we fail to meet these requirements, our 
business could be at risk. We believe that our customers rigorously evaluate their suppliers on the basis of a number of factors, 
including: 

product quality 
• 
technical expertise, product design and development capability 
• 
new product innovation 
• 
reliability and timeliness of delivery 
• 
• 
price competitiveness
•  manufacturing expertise
operational flexibility
• 

14

 
 
 
• 
• 
• 
• 

global production capabilities 
financial viability 
customer service 
overall management 

Our success will depend on our ability to continue to meet our customers’ changing specifications with respect to these 
criteria. We  may  not  be  able  to  address  technological  advances  or  introduce  new  products  that  may  be  necessary  to  remain 
competitive  within  our  businesses.  Furthermore,  we  may  not  be  able  to  adequately  protect  any  of  our  own  technological 
developments to produce a sustainable competitive advantage.

The loss of our executive officers or key employees may materially harm operations and the ability to manage the day-to-day 
aspects of our business. 

Our future performance substantially depends on our ability to retain and motivate executive officers and key employees. 
Our ability to manage the day-to-day aspects of our business may be materially harmed with the loss of any of our executive 
officers or key employees, many of whom have many years of experience with us and within the automotive industry and other 
manufacturing industries, or if we are unable to recruit qualified personnel. The loss of the services of executive officers or key 
employees, who also have strong personal ties with customers and suppliers, could have a material adverse effect on our business, 
financial position and results of operations.

We are involved from time to time in legal proceedings, claims or investigations, which could have an adverse impact on our 
business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. 

We are involved from time to time in legal proceedings, claims or investigations that could be significant. Such claims 
typically arise in the normal course of our business including, without limitation, commercial or contractual disputes, including 
disputes with suppliers, intellectual property matters, personal injury claims, environmental issues, tax matters and employment 
matters. If any such claims were to escalate beyond our historical experience with such claims, those claims could result in a 
material adverse impact on our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

We are subject to a variety of environmental, health and safety laws and regulations and the cost of complying, or our failure 
to comply with such requirements, may materially harm our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

We are subject to a variety of federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations relating to the release 
or  discharge  of  materials  into  the  environment,  the  management,  use,  processing,  handling,  storage,  transport  or  disposal  of 
hazardous waste materials, or otherwise relating to the protection of public and employee health, safety and the environment. 
These laws and regulations expose us to liability for the environmental condition of our current facilities, and also may expose us 
to liability for the conduct of others or for our actions that were not in compliance with all applicable laws at the time these actions 
were taken or that resulted in contamination. These laws and regulations also may expose us to liability for claims of personal 
injury or property damage related to alleged exposure to hazardous or toxic materials. Despite our intentions to comply with all 
such laws and regulations, we cannot guarantee that we will at all times be in compliance with all such requirements. The cost of 
complying with these requirements may also increase substantially in future years. If we violate or fail to comply with these 
requirements, we could be fined or otherwise sanctioned by regulators. These laws and regulations are complex, change frequently 
and may become more stringent over time, which could have a material adverse effect on our business. 

Our failure to maintain and comply with environmental permits that we are required to maintain could result in fines or 
penalties or other sanctions and have a material adverse effect on our operations or results. Future events, such as new environmental 
regulations or changes in or modified interpretations of existing laws and regulations or enforcement policies, newly discovered 
information or further investigation or evaluation of the potential health hazards of products or business activities, may give rise 
to additional compliance and other costs that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial conditions, results of 
operations and cash flows.

The costs, charges and liabilities associated with these matters could be material, and such costs, charges and liabilities 

could exceed any amounts reserved for them in our consolidated financial statements.

We are subject to risks associated with our use of highly specialized machinery that cannot be easily replaced. 

Our machinery and tooling are complex, cannot be easily replicated and have a long lead-time to manufacture. If there 
is a breakdown in such machinery and tooling, and we or our service providers are unable to repair in a timely fashion, obtaining 
replacement machinery or rebuilding tooling could involve significant delays and costs, and may not be available to us on reasonable 
15

 
 
 
 
terms or at all. Any disruption or damage to our machinery could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position 
and results of operations.

New tariffs and other trade measures could adversely affect our financial position, results of operations and cash flows. 

The current U.S. administration has expressed strong concerns about imports from countries that it perceives as engaging 
in  unfair  trade  practices,  and  it  is  possible  the  administration  could  impose  import  duties  or  other  restrictions  on  products, 
components or raw materials sourced from those countries, which may include countries from which we import components or 
raw materials. Any such import duties or restrictions could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations 
or financial condition. Moreover, these new tariffs, or other changes in U.S. trade policy, could trigger retaliatory actions by 
affected countries. Certain foreign governments have instituted or are considering imposing trade sanctions on certain U.S. goods. 
Other  foreign  governments  are  considering  the  imposition  of  sanctions  that  will  deny  U.S.  companies  access  to  critical  raw 
materials. A “trade war” of this nature or other governmental action related to tariffs or international trade agreements or policies 
has the potential to adversely impact demand for our products, our costs, customers, suppliers and/or the economic environments 
in which we operate and, thus, to adversely impact our businesses.

In addition, there may be changes to existing trade agreements, like NAFTA and its anticipated successor agreement, the 
USMCA, which is still subject to approval by the United States, Mexico and Canada, greater restrictions on free trade generally, 
and significant increases in tariffs on goods imported into the United States, particularly tariffs on products manufactured in 
Mexico, among other possible changes. It remains unclear what the U.S. administration or foreign governments, will or will not 
do with respect to tariffs, NAFTA, USMCA or other international trade agreements and policies. Any changes to NAFTA (or 
subsequent trade agreements) could impact our operations in countries where we manufacture or sell products or source components, 
or materials, which could adversely affect our operating results and our business.

Changes in tax laws may adversely impact our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. 

Tax laws are dynamic and subject to change as new laws are passed and new interpretations of the law are issued or 
applied. The U.S. recently enacted significant tax reform, and certain provisions of the new law may adversely affect us. In addition, 
governmental tax authorities are increasingly scrutinizing the tax positions of companies. Many countries in the European Union, 
as well as a number of other countries and organizations such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 
are actively considering changes to existing tax laws that, if enacted, could increase our tax obligations in countries where we do 
business. If U.S. or other foreign tax authorities change applicable tax laws, our overall taxes could increase, and our business, 
financial position, results of operations and cash flows may be adversely impacted.

Impairment charges relating to our goodwill or long lived assets could adversely affect our financial performance.

Goodwill represents the excess cost of an acquisition over the fair value of the net assets acquired. Generally accepted 
accounting principles require that goodwill be periodically evaluated for impairment. As of October 31, 2018, we had $27,376 of 
goodwill, or 3.9% of our total assets, that could be subject to impairment. Declines in our profitability or the value of comparable 
companies may impact the fair value which could result in a write-down of goodwill and a reduction of net income. In accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles, we periodically assess these assets to determine if they are impaired. Significant 
negative industry or economic trends, disruptions to our business, inability to effectively integrate acquired businesses, unexpected 
significant  changes  or  planned  changes  in  use  of  these  assets,  changes  in  the  structure  of  our  business,  divestitures,  market 
capitalization  declines,  or  increases  in  associated  discount  rates  may  impair  our  long  lived  assets. Any  charges  relating  to 
impairments of goodwill or long lived assets may adversely affect our results of operations in the periods recognized.

MTD Holdings Inc. may exercise significant influence over us. 

MTD Holdings Inc. and its affiliates owned 34% of our common stock as of October 31, 2018. As a result, MTD Holdings 
Inc. and its affiliates have significant influence over the vote in any election of directors and thereby its policies and operations, 
including the appointment of management, future issuances of our common stock or other securities, the payment of dividends, 
if any, on our common stock, the incurrence of debt by us, amendments to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation 
or bylaws and the entering into of extraordinary transactions, and its interests may not in all cases be aligned with other stakeholders' 
interests. In addition, MTD Holdings Inc. may have an interest in pursuing acquisitions, divestitures and other transactions that, 
in its judgment, could enhance its investment, even though such transactions might involve risks to us or be opposed by other 
stockholders. 

16

 
 
 
 
Changes in our effective tax rate may reduce our net income in future periods.

Our actual effective tax rate may vary from our expectation and that variance may be material and may have an adverse 
effect on our cash flows and our financial position. A number of factors may increase our future effective tax rates, including: (1) 
the jurisdictions in which profits are determined to be earned and taxed, (2) the resolution of issues arising from any current and 
future tax audits with various tax authorities, (3) changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities, (4) increases 
in  expenses  not  deductible  for  tax  purposes,  including  transaction  costs,  restructuring  costs  and  impairments  of  goodwill  in 
connection with acquisitions, (5) changes in the taxation of share-based compensation, (6) changes in tax laws or the interpretation 
of such tax laws, and changes in generally accepted accounting principles, (7) expiration of or lapses in the research and development 
tax credit laws and (8) challenges to the transfer pricing policies related to our structure.

Certain of our pension plans are underfunded and we have unfunded post-retirement benefit obligations. Additional cash 
contributions we may be required to make to our pension plans or amounts we may be required to pay in respect of post-
retirement benefit obligations will reduce the cash available for our business. 

Certain of our employees in the United States are participants in defined benefit pension plans which we sponsor. As of 
October 31, 2018, the unfunded amount of our U.S. pension plans was $14.3 million. While future benefit accruals under our U.S. 
defined benefit plans were frozen, we may have ongoing obligations to make contributions to our U.S. pension plans as required 
in accordance with the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), and the Internal Revenue 
Code of 1986, as amended. In addition, we sponsor unfunded post-retirement benefits for a limited number of employees.  As of  
October 31, 2018, the unfunded amount for these post-retirement benefits was $0.3 million. Cash contributions to these plans and 
payment of these post-retirement benefit obligations will reduce the cash available for our business. Under ERISA, the Pension 
Benefit Guaranty Corporation (“PBGC”) has the authority to petition a court to terminate an underfunded defined benefit pension 
plan under limited circumstances. In the event our pension plans are terminated by the PBGC, we could be liable to the PBGC 
for the entire amount of the underfunding, as calculated by the PBGC based on its own assumptions (which likely would result 
in a larger obligation than that based on the assumptions it has used to fund such plans).

We may incur material costs related to plant closings, which could materially harm our business, financial position, results of 
operations and cash flows. 

If  we  must  close  manufacturing  facilities  because  of  lost  business  or  consolidation  of  manufacturing  facilities,  the 
employee termination costs, asset retirements and other exit costs associated with the closure of these facilities may be significant. 
In certain circumstances, we may close a manufacturing facility that is operated under a lease agreement and we may continue to 
incur material costs in accordance with the lease agreement. We attempt to align production capacity with demand; however, we 
cannot provide assurance that plants will not have to be closed.

Failure to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting or remediate weaknesses could materially 
harm  our  revenues  and  trading  price  of  the  common  stock.  If  we  cannot  accurately  report  financial  results,  stockholder 
confidence in our ability to pursue business and maintain the trading price of our common stock may be eroded. 

An effective internal control system, no matter how well designed, has inherent limitations, including the possibility of 
human error and circumvention or overriding of controls and therefore can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to 
reliable financial reporting and preparation and fair presentation of financial statements.  Because of its inherent internal control 
limitations, our internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements because of inherent limitations, 
including the possibility of human error, the circumvention or overriding of controls, or fraud.    

Item 1B.   Unresolved Staff Comments

Not Applicable.

17

 
 
Item 2. 

Properties. 

We own our principal executive offices, which are located at 880 Steel Drive, Valley City, Ohio 44280.

We maintain 23 manufacturing facilities and 13 technical and administrative facilities located in Asia, Europe and North 

America encompassing approximately 4.1 million square feet.  Of the 36 facilities, 20 are leased. 

We believe that substantially all of our facilities are well maintained and in good operating condition. Our facilities are 

considered adequate for present needs and are expected to remain adequate for the near future.

Item 3. 

Legal Proceedings. 

A securities class action lawsuit was filed on September 21, 2015 in the United States District Court for the Southern 
District of New York (the "District Court") against the Company and certain of our officers. As amended, the lawsuit claimed in 
part that we issued inaccurate information about, among other things, our earnings and income and our internal controls over 
financial reporting for fiscal 2014 and the first and second fiscal quarters of 2015 in violation of the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934. The amended complaint seeks an award of damages in an unspecified amount on behalf of a putative class consisting of 
persons who purchased our common stock between January 12, 2015 and September 14, 2015, inclusive. The District Court 
rendered an opinion and order granting the defendants’ motion to dismiss the lawsuit on September 19, 2018 and the time period 
for an appeal has expired. 

A shareholder derivative lawsuit was filed on April 1, 2016 in the Court of Common Pleas, Medina County, Ohio 

against the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer and former Vice President of Finance and Treasurer and members 
of our Board of Directors. The lawsuit claimed in part that the defendants breached fiduciary duties owed to the Company by 
failing to exercise appropriate oversight over our accounting controls, leading to the accounting issues and the restatement 
announced in September 2015. The complaint seeks a judgment against the individual defendants and in favor of the Company 
for money damages, plus miscellaneous non-monetary relief. Following the dismissal of the securities class action lawsuit 
described in the previous paragraph, a Joint Stipulation and Order of Dismissal was filed on November 14, 2018 dismissing the 
shareholder derivative lawsuit without prejudice.

In addition, from time to time, we are involved in legal proceedings, claims or investigations that are incidental to the 
conduct of our business. We vigorously defend ourselves against such claims. In future periods, we could be subject to cash costs 
or non-cash charges to earnings if a matter is resolved on unfavorable terms. However, although the ultimate outcome of any legal 
matter cannot be predicted with certainty, based on current information, including assessment of the merits of the particular claims, 
we do not expect that our legal proceedings or claims will have a material impact on our future consolidated financial position, 
results of operations or cash flows.

Item 4.  

Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not Applicable.

18

 
 
 
 
 
PART II 

Item 5. 

Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities. 

Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol "SHLO." On December 18, 2018, the closing 

price for our common stock was $6.96 per share. 

The table below sets forth the high and low bid prices for our common stock for our four quarters in each of 2018 and 

2017.  

Quarter

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

2018

2017

High

$

$

9.46

9.57

$ 10.72

$ 12.28

Low

$

$

$

$

6.88

6.45

7.68

7.85

High

$ 12.25

$ 16.69

$ 14.97

$ 10.98

Low

$

6.50

$ 11.33

$

$

7.16

7.25

As of the close of business on December 18, 2018, there were 136 stockholders of record for our common stock. We did 

not repurchase any of our equity securities during fiscal 2018. 

We did not pay any dividends in 2018 or 2017.  Our current Credit Agreement contains covenants that could restrict, 
under certain circumstances, the ability to pay dividends on our common stock.  Any decision to declare and pay dividends in the 
future will be made at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on, among other things, results of operations, cash 
requirements, financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that the Board of Directors may deem relevant.

19

 
 
 
 
The following graph compares our cumulative total stockholder return compared with Standard & Poor's 500 Stock Index 
and the Standard & Poor's Supercomposite Auto Parts and Equipment Index.  The comparison assumes $100 was invested at the 
closing  price  on  October  31,  2013  and  reflects  the  total  cumulative  return  on  that  investment,  including  the  reinvestment  of 
dividends where applicable, through October 31, 2018.

10/31/2013

10/31/2014

10/31/2015

10/31/2016

10/31/2017

10/31/2018

Shiloh Industries, Inc. $

100.00 $

103.78 $

45.92 $

42.57 $

56.52 $

S&P 500 $

100.00 $

114.89 $

118.38 $

121.17 $

146.61 $

55.36

154.34

S&P Supercomposite Auto Parts

and Equipment Index $

100.00 $

108.43 $

107.41 $

96.48 $

135.84 $

111.28

20

 
 
Item 6.  Selected Financial Data

The following table presents information from our Consolidated Financial Statements as of or for the five years ended 
October 31,  2018.    This  information  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  "Management's  Discussion  and Analysis  of  Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations" and "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data."

Operating Results

Revenues

Selling, general & administrative expenses (a)

Net income (loss)

Basic earnings (loss) per common share

Diluted earnings (loss) per common share

Financial Position

Total assets

Long-term debt

Total liabilities

Total stockholders' equity

Year Ended October 31,

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

(dollars in thousands, except per share amount)

$1,139,944

$1,041,986

$1,065,834

$1,073,052

$832,067

88,604

11,479

$0.49

$0.49

83,070
(697)
$(0.04)

$(0.04)

73,401

62,976

3,669

$0.21

$0.21

5,905

$0.34

$0.34

50,192

19,915

$1.16

$1.16

$709,675

$618,583

$626,429

$660,854

$625,678

245,351

510,153

199,522

181,065

430,262

188,321

256,922

493,639

132,790

298,873

526,392

134,462

268,102

485,253

140,425

(a) Fiscal years 2017 through 2014 reflect the reclassification of non-service cost components of net benefit costs to outside of 
operating income as a result of ASU 2017-07 adoption in effective November 1, 2017. 

21

 
Item 7.  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

General

Shiloh Industries, Inc. is a global innovative solutions provider to the automotive and commercial vehicle market with a 
strategic focus on designing, engineering and manufacturing lightweight technologies that improve performance and benefit the 
environment. We offer the broadest portfolio of lightweighting solutions in the industry through our BlankLight®, CastLight®
and StampLight® brands and are uniquely qualified to supply product solutions utilizing multiple lightweighting solutions. This 
includes  combining  castings  and  stampings  or  innovative,  multi-material  products  in  aluminum,  magnesium,  steel  and  steel 
alloys. We  design  and  manufacture  components  in  body,  chassis  and  powertrain  systems  with  expertise  in  precision  blanks, 
ShilohCore® acoustic laminates, aluminum and steel laser welded blanks, complex stampings, modular assemblies, aluminum 
and magnesium die casting, as well as precision machined components.  We have over 4,200 dedicated employees with operations, 
sales and technical centers throughout Asia, Europe and North America.

Recent Trends and General Economic Conditions Affecting the Automotive Industry

Our business and operating results are directly affected by the relative strength of the North American and European 
automotive industries, which are driven by factors that continue to be critical to our success including winning new business 
awards, managing our overall global manufacturing footprint to ensure proper placement and workforce levels in line with business 
needs, maintaining competitive wages and benefits, maximizing efficiencies in manufacturing processes and reducing overall 
costs. In addition, our ability to adapt to key industry trends, such as shifts in consumer preferences to other vehicles in response 
to  higher  fuel  costs  and  other  economic  and  social  factors,  increasing  technologically  sophisticated  content,  increasing 
environmental standards and extended product life of automotive parts, also play a critical role in our success. Other factors that 
are critical to our success include changes in raw material costs, negotiation of price increases and cost reduction initiatives. In 
addition,  recent  trade  actions  initiated  by  the  U.S.  imposing tariffs on  imports  have  been  met  with  retaliatory tariffs by  other 
countries, adding a level of tension and uncertainty to the global economic environment. These and other actions are likely to 
impact trade policies with other countries and the overall global economy. We are carefully monitoring capacity and availability 
of the alloys utilized in our production process. The automotive industry remains susceptible to these factors that impact consumer 
spending habits and could adversely impact consumer demand for vehicles. 

We operate in an extremely competitive industry, driven by global vehicle production volumes. Business is typically 
awarded to the supplier offering the most favorable combination of cost, quality, technology and service. Customers continue to 
demand periodic cost reductions that require us to assess, redefine and improve operations, products, and manufacturing capabilities 
to maintain and improve profitability. Our management continues to develop and execute initiatives designed to meet challenges 
of the industry and to achieve our strategy for sustainable global profitable growth.

Capacity utilization levels are very important to profitability because of the capital-intensive nature of our operations. 
We continue to adapt our capacity to meet customer demand, both expanding capabilities in growth areas as well as reallocating 
capacity between manufacturing facilities as needs arise. We employ new technologies to differentiate our products from our 
competitors and to achieve higher quality and productivity. We believe that we have sufficient capacity to meet current and expected 
manufacturing needs.

For our aluminum and magnesium die casting operations, the cost of the materials is adjusted frequently to align with 
secured purchase commitments based on customer releases or based on referenced metal index plus additional material cost spreads 
agreed to by us and our customers. 

22

 
 
 
Our products are included in many models of vehicles manufactured by nearly all OEMs that produce vehicles in Europe 
and North America. Our revenues are dependent upon the production of automobiles and light trucks in both Europe and North 
America. According to industry statistics, Europe and North America production volumes for the fiscal years ended October 31, 
2018, 2017 and 2016 were as follows:

Production Volumes

Europe

North America

Total

Europe:

Increase from prior year

% Increase from prior year

North America

Decrease from prior year

% Decrease from prior year

Total

Increase from prior year

% Increase from prior year

Europe:

Year Ended October 31,

2018

22,413

17,021

39,434

2017

22,087

17,323

39,410

2016

21,331

17,755

39,086

326

1.5 %

(302)

(1.7)%

24

0.1 %

756

3.5 %

(432)

(2.4)%

324

0.8 %

Signs of an improved overall European economy have been evident, albeit mixed at times, during the past few years. 
Reflective of a modestly improved economy, light vehicle production levels have increased. Overall market stability continued in 
fiscal 2018, as automobiles and light truck production volumes were higher compared to fiscal 2017. 

Uncertainty in the continued economic improvement in Europe has continued to grow due to a number of factors. The 
United Kingdom's decision to withdraw from the European Union could have an effect on the economy of the remaining European 
Union countries, as no trade deal has been signed. The European economy is showing signs of a slowdown with manufacturing 
slumping, especially with the end of Quantitative Easing by the European Central Bank. The end of the program, which was used 
to stimulate the economy and increase liquidity, will primarily affect Southern Europe. The European automotive market outlook 
has declined with this uncertainty.   

North America:

Improving economic conditions during the past few years have contributed to strong light vehicle sales and production 
levels in North America. Overall economic conditions in North America have been relatively favorable with improving employment 
levels, strong consumer confidence levels and comparatively low/stable fuel prices. Strong sales levels the past few years have 
significantly reduced the built-up demand to replace older vehicles. As such, the overall North America light vehicle market began 
to show signs of weakening demand levels in 2017.  Light vehicle volumes for fiscal 2018 were comparable with 2017. Helped 
by continued low fuel prices, light truck market demand has been relatively strong. 

We expect the generally strong North American economic climate to continue for the remainder of the year and into 2019, 
albeit there is some uncertainty surrounding the potential effects of trade policies, restrictions and practices being implemented 
or considered by the existing government leadership in the United States. Increasing interest rates, high levels of consumer debt 
and declining used car prices are also developments that could constrict future demand for new vehicles. 

Most of our steel is purchased through  customers’ steel buying programs. Under these programs, the customer negotiates 
the price for steel with the steel suppliers. We pay for the steel based on these negotiated prices and pass on those costs to the 
customer. Although  we  take  ownership  of  the  steel,  our  customers  are  responsible  for  all  steel  price  fluctuations  under  these 
programs. We also purchase steel directly from domestic primary steel producers and steel service centers. Current demand for 
construction and oil industry related steel products and stable automotive production have helped the market rebound from historic 
lows with steel pricing stabilizing. The impact is the combination of the change in steel prices that are reflected in the price of our 

23

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
products, the change in the cost to procure steel from the source and the change in our recovery of offal. Our strategy is to be 
economically neutral to steel pricing by having these factors offset each other. As the price of steel has risen, so have the scrap 
metal markets as they are highly correlated.  We blank and process steel for some of our customers on a toll processing basis. 
Under these arrangements, we charge a tolling fee for the operations that we perform without acquiring ownership of the steel and 
being burdened with the attendant costs of ownership or risk of loss. Revenues from operations involving directly owned steel 
include a component of raw material cost whereas toll processing revenues do not.

Results of Operations

Year Ended October 31, 2018 Compared to Year Ended October 31, 2017 

REVENUES. Revenues for fiscal 2018 were $1,139,944, an increase of $97,958 from fiscal 2017 of $1,041,986, or 9.4%. 
The Brabant acquisitions accounted for $82,578. New program launches with several customers such as FCA, General Motors, 
Honda and Tesla were also key drivers in the revenue growth. 

GROSS PROFIT. Gross profit for fiscal 2018 was $116,095 compared to gross profit of $115,355 in fiscal 2017, an 
increase of $740, or 0.6% . Gross profit as a percentage of sales was 10.2% for fiscal 2018 and 11.1% for fiscal 2017, a decline  
of 900 basis points. The decline in gross profit as a percentage of sales was primarily due to program launch costs. 

SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES. Selling, general and administrative expenses support 
the  growth  in  sales  opportunities,  new  technologies,  new  product  launches  and  acquisition  activities.  Selling,  general  and 
administrative expenses were $88,604 for fiscal 2018 and an increase of $5,534 from fiscal 2017 of $83,070. As a percentage of 
sales, these expenses were 7.8% of sales for fiscal 2018 and 8.0% for fiscal 2017. Acquisition-related expenses were $3,743 in 
fiscal 2018.

AMORTIZATION OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS. Amortization of intangible assets expense of $2,372 for fiscal 2018 was 

similar to amortization of intangible assets expense of $2,259 for the prior year. 

RESTRUCTURING. Restructuring charges of $6,613 were recorded during fiscal 2018 and $4,777 in fiscal 2017 based 
upon strategic decisions to provide a more efficient and focused footprint allowing us to operate with lower fixed costs. These 
costs primarily included employee-related costs, professional fees and other related costs. We expect to incur additional expense 
of $5,610 over the next fifteen months.

INTEREST EXPENSE. Interest expense for fiscal 2018 was $11,343, compared to interest expense of $15,088 during 

fiscal 2017. The decrease in interest expense was the result of lower borrowing rates. 

OTHER  EXPENSE, NET. Other expense, net was $913 for fiscal 2018, compared to other expense of $3,501 for fiscal 
2017, a decrease of $2,588. Other expense, net primarily reflects a favorable impact from foreign currency transaction gains of 
$1,527.  

PROVISION / BENEFIT FOR INCOME TAXES. The provision for income taxes in fiscal 2018 was a benefit of $5,219
on income before taxes of $6,260 for an effective tax rate of (83.4)%. In fiscal 2017, the provision for income taxes was a tax 
expense of $7,120 on a loss before taxes of $6,423 for an effective tax rate of 110.9%. The effective tax rate for the fiscal years 
ended October 31, 2018 and 2017 varies from the statutory rate due to income taxes on foreign earnings which are taxed at rates 
different from the U.S. statutory rate, certain foreign losses without tax benefits, change to valuation allowance against certain 
foreign deferred tax assets and tax return to provision adjustments.

NET INCOME (LOSS). The net income for fiscal 2018 was $11,479, or $0.49 per share, compared to net loss in fiscal 

year 2017 of $(697), or $(0.04) per share. 

Results of Operations

Year Ended October 31, 2017 Compared to Year Ended October 31, 2016 

REVENUES. Revenues for fiscal 2017 were $1,041,986, a decrease of $23,848 from fiscal 2016 of $1,065,834, or 2.2%. 
Adjusting for the change in the contractual relationship of certain customer sales from owned steel to consigned steel of $10,533, 
$9,756 due to the elimination of production by FCA of its Chrysler 200 and Dodge Dart small vehicle product lines in the fall of 

24

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2016 and an unfavorable currency impact of $1,266, automotive production sales decreased $13,697, weighted heavily by the 
2.4% reduction in North American automotive production. Commercial vehicle and industrial market sales recovered $10,694 
from prior year market declines. Additionally, there was an improvement of $710 of other sales.

GROSS PROFIT. Gross profit for fiscal 2017 was $115,355 compared to gross profit of $96,336 in fiscal 2016, an increase 
of $19,019, or 19.7%. Gross profit as a percentage of sales was 11.1% for fiscal 2017 and 9.0% fiscal 2016, an improvement of 
210 basis points. The improvement in gross profit included changes in customer and product mix which favorably impacted direct 
material costs by $33,772, an increase in scrap recovery of $6,451, a decrease in labor and benefits of $6,747 and a decrease in 
repairs and maintenance and indirect manufacturing supplies of $3,348 offset by an increase in deprecation and overhead expenses 
of $8,513 from recent investments in capital equipment and processes. 

SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES. Selling, general and administrative expenses support 
the  growth  in  sales  opportunities,  new  technologies,  new  product  launches  and  acquisition  activities.  Selling,  general  and 
administrative expenses of  $83,070 for fiscal 2017 were $9,669 more than selling, general and administrative expenses of $73,401
for the prior year. As a percentage of sales, these expenses were 8.0% of sales for fiscal 2017 and 6.9% for fiscal 2016. The increase 
reflects our continued investments in human capital of $8,408 and expenses related to investments in infrastructure costs of $1,130 
and other expenses of $187.

AMORTIZATION OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS. Amortization of intangible assets expense of $2,259 for fiscal 2017 was 

similar to amortization of intangible assets expense of $2,258 for the prior year. 

ASSET IMPAIRMENT, NET.  Asset impairment charges of $241 were recorded during fiscal 2017 which related to idled 
equipment. Asset impairments of $2,031 were recorded during fiscal 2016 of which $1,282 related to assets held for sale, $476 
related to a specific piece of idled equipment and $273 related to the sale of a building. 

RESTRUCTURING. Restructuring charges of $4,777 were recorded during fiscal 2017 based upon our strategic decision 
to provide a more efficient and focused footprint allowing us to operate with lower fixed costs.These costs primarily included the 
impairment of the building and manufacturing equipment, employee-related costs, legal costs and other related costs. 

INTEREST EXPENSE. Interest expense for fiscal 2017 was $15,088, compared to interest expense of $18,086 during 
fiscal 2016. The decrease in interest expense was the result of lower borrowed funds and lower borrowing rates which were offset 
by an increase in amortization of deferred financing fees associated with the Credit Agreement. Borrowed funds averaged  $220,689
during fiscal 2017 and the weighted average interest rate was 4.51%.  During fiscal 2016, borrowed funds averaged $273,296 and 
the weighted average interest rate of debt was 4.90%.

OTHER EXPENSE, NET. Other expense, net was $3,501 for fiscal 2017, compared to other expense, net of $2,066 for 
fiscal 2016, an increase of $1,435. Other expense, net reflects unfavorable impact from an other-than-temporary-impairment of 
marketable securities and other non-operating expenses of $796 offset by a favorable impact from currency transaction gains of 
$479 realized by our Asian, European and Mexican subsidiaries.  

PROVISION / BENEFIT FOR INCOME TAXES. The provision for income taxes in fiscal 2017 was a tax expense of 
$7,120 on income before taxes of $6,423 for an effective tax rate of 110.9% .  In fiscal year 2016, the provision for income taxes 
was a tax benefit of $5,152 on a loss before taxes of $1,483 for an effective tax rate of 347.4%. The effective tax rate for the fiscal 
years ended October 31, 2017 and 2016 varies from statutory rate due to income taxes on foreign earnings which are taxed at rates 
different from the U.S. statutory rate, certain foreign losses without tax benefits, change to valuation allowance against certain 
foreign deferred tax assets and tax return to provision adjustments.

NET INCOME (LOSS). Net loss for fiscal 2017 was $(697), or $0.04 per share, diluted compared to net income in fiscal 

year 2016 of $3,669, or $0.21 per share, diluted.

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

General:

Our ability to obtain adequate cash to fund our needs depends generally on our results of our operations and the availability 
of financing. We believe that cash on hand, cash flow from operations and available borrowings under our Credit Agreement will 
be sufficient to fund capital expenditures and meet our operating obligations for the next twelve months. As of October 31, 2018, 
we had available borrowings of $101,044, which are subject to compliance with financial covenants, and cash of $16,843, with 

25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$16,107 in foreign subsidiaries. In the longer term, we believe that expected operations will provide adequate long-term cash 
flows. However, there can be no assurance that it will meet such expectations. For additional information, refer to the Company's 
Risk Factors described in Item 1A, included in Part 1 of this report.

Cash Flows and Working Capital:

At October 31, 2018, total debt was $246,678 and total equity was $199,522, resulting in a capitalization rate of 55.3%
debt, 44.7% equity. Current assets were $332,977 and current liabilities were $243,632, resulting in positive working capital of 
$89,345.

The following table summarizes the Company's cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities:

Year Ended

Year Ended

Net cash provided by operating activities

Net cash used in investing activities

Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities $

2018
53,226

Years Ended October 31,
2017
$
$
76,315
$ (109,057) $ (39,620) $ (28,316) $
$ (37,523) $ (43,546) $

2016
69,361

63,700

$

$

2018 vs. 2017
change

2017 vs. 2016
change

(23,089) $
(69,437) $
$
101,223

6,954
(11,304)
6,023

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities:

Operational cash flow before changes in operating assets and liabilities

$

52,092

$

56,884

$

44,163

Years Ended October 31,

2018

2017

2016

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

     Accounts receivable, net

     Inventories, net

     Prepaids and other assets

     Payables and other liabilities

     Prepaid and accrued income taxes

     Total change in operating assets and liabilities

Net cash provided by operating activities

(1,426)
412

1,733
(1,462)
1,877

1,134

53,226

$

$

(2,919)
(888)
5,375

16,715

1,148

19,431

76,315

$

$

10,975
(2,408)
14,476
(1,843)
3,998

25,198

69,361

$

$

Cash inflow and outflow from changes in operating assets and liabilities: 

•  Cash inflows from changes in operating assets and liabilities was $1,134 and $19,431 for the fiscal years ended October 31, 
2018 and 2017, respectively, and was negatively impacted by higher costs associated with new product launches. Cash 
outflows from changes in operating assets and liabilities was $25,198 for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2016 and was 
positively impacted by increased sales, acquisition integration and new product launches.

•  Cash outflows from changes in accounts receivable for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018 was $1,426 compared to 
outflows of $2,919 for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2017. Cash inflows from changes in accounts receivable for the 
fiscal year ended October 31, 2016 was $10,975, primarily driven by sales increases.

•  Cash inflows from changes in inventory for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018 was $412 and cash outflows from 
changes in inventory was $888 for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2017.  Cash provided was primarily driven by a 
change in customer mix and delivery.  Cash outflows for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2016 was $2,408, and was 
also driven by a change in customer mix and delivery and acquisition integration.

•  Cash inflows from changes in prepaids and other assets for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018 and 2017 were $1,733
and $5,375, respectively, as a result of an improvement in the process of invoicing of customer reimbursed tooling.  Cash 
inflows from changes in prepaids and other assets for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2016 was $14,476. 

•  Cash outflows from changes in payables and other liabilities for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018 was $1,462
resulting from the timing of payments related to capital expenditures and customer funded tooling. Cash inflows from 

26

 
 
 
changes in payables and other for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2017 was $16,715 as a result of favorable raw material 
pricing. Cash outflows from changes in payables and other for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2016 was $1,843, as a 
result of unfavorable raw material pricing.

•  Cash inflows from changes in prepaid and accrued income taxes for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018 was $1,877 
and cash inflows for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2017 was $1,148. These were primarily driven by federal income 
tax refunds. Cash inflows of $3,998 for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2016 was primarily due to tax refunds.

Net Cash Used For Investing Activities:

Net cash used for investing activities in fiscal years 2018, 2017 and 2016 was $109,057, $39,620 and $28,316, respectively, 
and consisted primarily of $62,514 for acquisitions in 2018 and cash used for capital expenditures during fiscal years 2018, 2017
and 2016 of $50,135, $48,395 and $28,324, respectively.  The expenditures are attributed to projects for new awards and product 
launches.  For fiscal years 2018, 2017 and 2016, proceeds from the sales of assets generated $3,592, $7,605 and $1,508, respectively. 
The total proceeds from the sale of assets during fiscal 2017 relates to the sale of unique equipment related to lower margin parts 
we have sunset. 

Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities:

Net cash provided by financing activities in fiscal year 2018 was $63,700 and was used primarily for acquisitions. Net 
cash used in fiscal year 2017 was $37,523. For fiscal 2017, financing activities included $40,227 of net proceeds from the public 
offering in July 2017, offset by $77,750 for funding working capital and debt payments. Net cash provided by financing activities 
was $43,546 during 2016.  As of October 31, 2018, the Company's long-term indebtedness was $245,351.

We continue to closely monitor the business conditions affecting the automotive industry and closely monitor our working 
capital position to ensure adequate funds for operations. In addition, we anticipate that funds from operations will be adequate to 
meet the obligations and covenants under the Credit Agreement, as well as scheduled payments for the equipment security note, 
capital leases and repayment of other debt totaling $3,378 over the next five years.

Revolving Credit Facility:

On October 31, 2017, we executed the Eighth Amendment to our Credit Agreement (the "Amendment") which among 
other things: provides for an aggregate availability of $350,000, $275,000 of which is available to the Company through the 
Tranche A Facility and $75,000 of which is available to the Dutch borrower through the Tranche B Facility, and eliminates the 
scheduled reductions in such availability, increases the aggregate amount of incremental commitment increases allowed under the 
Credit Agreement to up to $150,000 subject to our pro forma compliance with financial covenants, the Administrative Agent’s 
approval and the Company obtaining commitments for any such increase. The Amendment extended the commitment period to 
October 31, 2022.

On July 31, 2017, we executed the Seventh Amendment which modifies investments in subsidiaries and various cumulative 
financial covenant thresholds, in each case, under the Credit Agreement. The Seventh Amendment also enhances our ability to 
take advantage of customer supply chain finance programs. 

On October 28, 2016, the Company executed the Sixth Amendment which increases the permitted consolidated leverage 
ratio  for  periods  beginning  after  July  31,  2016,  increases  the  permitted  consolidated  fixed  charge  coverage  ratio  for  periods 
beginning after April 30, 2017, modifies various baskets related to sale of accounts receivable, disposition of assets, sale-leaseback 
transactions and makes other ministerial updates.

On October 30, 2015, the Company executed a Fifth Amendment to the Credit Agreement that increased the permitted 
leverage  ratio  with  periodic  reductions  beginning  after  July  30,  2016.    In  addition,  the  Fifth Amendment  permitted  various 
investments as well as up to $40,000 aggregate outstanding principal amount of subordinated indebtedness, subject to certain 
conditions.  Finally, the Fifth Amendment provided for a consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio and provided for up to $50,000
of capital expenditures by the Company and its subsidiaries throughout the year ending October 31, 2016, subject to certain 
quarterly baskets.

27

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
On April 29, 2015,  the Company executed a Fourth Amendment to the Credit Amendment that maintained the commitment 
period to September 29, 2019 and allowed for an incremental increase of $25,000 (or if certain ratios are met, $100,000) in the 
original  revolving  commitments  of  $360,000,  subject  to  the  Company's  pro  forma  compliance  with  financial  covenants,  the 
administrative agent's approval and the Company obtaining commitments for such increase. 

The Fourth Amendment included scheduled commitment reductions beginning after January 30, 2016 as well as scheduled 
commitment reductions totaling $30,000 allocated proportionately between the Aggregate Revolving A and B commitments.  On 
April 30, 2016, the first committed reduction of $5,000 decreased the existing revolving commitment to $355,000, subject to the 
Company's pro forma compliance with financial covenants.

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest, at the Company's option, at LIBOR or the base (or "prime") rate 
established from time to time by the administrative agent, in each case plus an applicable margin.  The current Credit Amendment 
provides for an interest rate margin on LIBOR loans of 1.5% to 3.0% and on base rate loans of 0.5% to 2.0%, depending on the 
Company's leverage ratio. 

The  Credit  Agreement  contains  customary  restrictive  and  financial  covenants,  including  covenants  regarding  the 
Company’s outstanding indebtedness and maximum leverage and interest coverage ratios. The Credit Agreement also contains 
standard provisions relating to conditions of borrowing. In addition, the Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, 
including the non-payment of obligations by the Company and the bankruptcy of the Company. If an event of default occurs, all 
amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement may be accelerated and become immediately due and payable.  The Company 
was in compliance with the financial covenants as of October 31, 2018 and October 31, 2017. 

After considering letters of credit of $5,656 that the Company has issued, unused commitments under the Credit Agreement 

were $101,044 at October 31, 2018.

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are collateralized by a first priority security interest in substantially all of the 

tangible and intangible property of the Company and its domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the stock of foreign subsidiaries.

Other Debt:

On August 1, 2018, the Company entered into a finance agreement with an insurance broker for various insurance policies 
that bears interest at a fixed rate of 2.05% and requires monthly payments of $94 through May 2019. As of October 31, 2018, 
$738 of principal remained outstanding under this agreement and was classified as current debt in our consolidated balance sheets.

We maintain capital leases for equipment used in its manufacturing facilities with lease terms expiring between 2018 and 

2021.  As of October 31, 2018, the present value of minimum lease payments under its capital leases amounted to $2,640. 

Our contractual obligations as of October 31, 2018 are summarized below: 

Maturities of  Debt Obligations:
Less than 1 year
1-3 years
3-5 years
After 5 years
Total

Credit
Agreement

Capital Lease
Obligations

Other Debt

Operating
Leases

Total

$

$

— $
—
243,300
—
243,300

$

589
2,051
—
—
2,640

$

$

738
—
—
—
738

$

$

13,158
20,186
8,490
12,307
54,141

$

$

14,485
22,237
251,790
12,307
300,819

Critical Accounting Estimates 

Preparation of our financial statements are in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United 
States and requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial 
statements and in the accompanying notes. We believe our estimates and assumptions are reasonable; however, actual results and 
the timing of the recognition of such amounts could differ from those estimates. We have identified the following items as critical 
accounting policies and estimates utilized by management in the preparation of the Company’s accompanying financial statements. 
These estimates were selected because of inherent imprecision that may result from applying judgment to the estimation process. 
The expenses and accrued liabilities or allowances related to these policies are initially based on our best estimates at the time 
they are recorded. Adjustments are charged or credited to income and the related balance sheet account when actual experience 

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
differs from the expected experience underlying the estimates. We make frequent comparisons of actual experience and expected 
experience in order to mitigate the likelihood that material adjustments will be required.

Income Taxes. The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740. Deferred tax assets and 
liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying amounts 
of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets 
and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary 
differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

Management judgment is required in determining the Company’s provision for income taxes, deferred tax assets and 
liabilities and the valuation allowance recorded against the Company’s net deferred tax assets. In calculating the provision for 
income  taxes  on  an  interim  basis,  the  Company  uses  an  estimate  of  the  annual  effective  tax  rate  based  upon  the  facts  and 
circumstances  known  at  each  interim  period.  In  determining  the  need  for  a  valuation  allowance,  the  historical  and  projected 
financial performance of the operation recording the net deferred tax asset is considered along with any other pertinent information. 
Since future financial results may differ from previous estimates, periodic adjustments to the Company’s valuation allowance may 
be necessary.

The Company is subject to income taxes in the U.S. at the federal and state level and numerous non-U.S. jurisdictions. 
Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide provision for income taxes and recording the related assets and 
liabilities. In the ordinary course of our business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax determination 
is less than certain. Accruals for income tax contingencies are provided for in accordance with the requirements of ASC Topic 
740. The Company’s U.S. federal and certain state income tax returns and certain non-U.S. income tax returns are currently under 
various stages of audit by applicable tax authorities. Although the outcome of ongoing tax audits is always uncertain, management 
believes that it has appropriate support for the positions taken on its tax returns and that its annual tax provisions included amounts 
sufficient to pay assessments, if any, which may be proposed by the taxing authorities. At October 31, 2018, the Company has 
recorded a liability for its best estimate of the more-likely-than-not loss on certain of its tax positions, which is included in other 
non-current liabilities. Nonetheless, the amounts ultimately paid, if any, upon resolution of the issues raised by the taxing authorities 
may differ materially from the amounts accrued for each year.

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("TCJA") that was signed into law in December 2017 constitutes a major change to the U.S. 
tax system. The estimated impact of the law is based on management’s current interpretations of the Act and related assumptions. 
Our final tax liability may be materially different from current estimates based on regulatory developments and our further analysis 
of the impacts of the Act. In future periods, our effective tax rate could be subject to additional uncertainty as a result of regulatory 
developments related to Act.

Refer to Note 16, "Income Taxes," to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report for more information 

regarding income taxes.

Intangible Assets. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. We amortize our 
acquired intangible assets with finite lives on a straight-line basis over periods ranging from three months to 15 years. See Note 
7 to the consolidated financial statements for a description of the current intangible assets and their estimated amortization expense. 

Finite-lived intangible assets are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate their 

related carrying value may not be fully recordable.

Goodwill. Goodwill is the excess of cost of an acquired entity over the amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed in a business combination. Goodwill relates to and is assigned directly to specific reporting units. Goodwill is not amortized 
but is subject to impairment assessment. In accordance with ASC 350, "Intangibles-Goodwill and Other," we assess goodwill for 
impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently, if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not 
reduce the fair value below the carrying amount. Our annual impairment assessment is performed as of September 30. Such 
assessment can be done on a qualitative or quantitative basis. When conducting a qualitative assessment, we consider relevant 
events and circumstances that affect the fair value or carrying amount of the reporting unit.  A quantitative test is required only if 
we conclude that it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount, or we elect not to 
perform a qualitative assessment of a reporting unit.  We consider the extent to which each of the events and circumstances identified 
affect the comparison of the reporting unit's fair value or the carrying amount. Such events and circumstances could include 
macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, overall financial performance, entity and reporting unit specific 
events, product brand level specific events and cost factors. We place more weight on the events and circumstances that may affect 
our determination of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. 

29

 
 
 
 
These factors are all considered by management in reaching its conclusion about whether to perform a quantitative goodwill 
impairment assessment.

We perform a quantitative goodwill impairment assessment by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying 
amount, including goodwill. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, we recognize an impairment charge for the amount by 
which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill in that reporting unit. 

Share-based Payments. We record compensation expense for the fair value of nonvested stock option awards and restricted 
stock awards over the remaining vesting period. We use the simplified method to calculate the expected term of the stock options 
outstanding at five to six years and have utilized historical weighted average volatility. We determine the volatility and risk-free 
rate assumptions used in computing the fair value using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model.  The expected term for the 
restricted stock award is between three months and four years.  In addition, we do not estimate a forfeiture rate at the time of grant, 
instead, we elected to recognize share-based compensation expense when actual forfeitures occur. 

The Black-Scholes option valuation model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected 
life of the stock-based award and stock price volatility. The assumptions used are management’s best estimates, but the estimates 
involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. As a result, if other assumptions had been used, the 
recorded stock-based compensation expense could have been materially different from that depicted in the financial statements. 

New restricted stock and restricted stock units grants are valued at the closing market price on the date of grant.  

U.S. Pension and Other Post-retirement Costs and Liabilities. We have recorded pension and other post-retirement 
benefit liabilities that are developed from actuarial valuations for our U.S. operations. The pension plans were frozen in November 
of 2006 and therefore contributions by participants are not allowed.  The determination of our pension liabilities requires key 
assumptions regarding discount rates used to determine the present value of future benefit payments and the expected return on 
plan  assets.  The  discount  rate  is  also  significant  to  the  development  of  other  post-retirement  liabilities.  We  determine  these 
assumptions in consultation with, and after input from our actuaries.

The discount rate reflects the estimated rate at which the pension and other post-retirement liabilities could be settled at 
the end of the year.  For our U.S. operations, we use the Principal Pension Discount Yield Curve ("Principal Curve") as the basis 
for determining the discount rate for reporting pension and retiree medical liabilities.  At October 31, 2018, the resulting discount 
rate from the use of the Principal Curve was 4.35%, an increase of 0.70% that contributed to a decrease of the benefit obligation 
of $5,627.  A change of 25 basis points in the discount rate at October 31, 2018 would increase expense on an annual basis by $6
or decrease expense on an annual basis by $9.

The assumed long-term rate of return on pension assets is applied to the market value of plan assets to derive a reduction 
to pension expense that approximates the expected average rate of asset investment return over ten or more years. A decrease in 
the expected long-term rate of return will increase pension expense whereas an increase in the expected long-term rate will reduce 
pension expense. Decreases in the level of plan assets will serve to increase the amount of pension expense whereas increases in 
the level of actual plan assets will serve to decrease the amount of pension expense. Any shortfall in the actual return on plan 
assets from the expected return will increase pension expense in future years due to the amortization of the shortfall, whereas any 
excess  in  the  actual  return  on  plan  assets  from  the  expected  return  will  reduce  pension  expense  in  future  periods  due  to  the 
amortization of the excess. A change of 25 basis points in the assumed rate of return on pension assets would increase or decrease 
expense by $159.

Our investment policy for assets of the plans is to maintain an allocation generally of 30% to 70% in equity securities, 
30% to 70% in debt securities and 0% to 10% in real estate. Equity security investments are structured to achieve an equal balance 
between growth and value stocks. We determine the annual rate of return on pension assets by first analyzing the composition of 
its asset portfolio. Historical rates of return are applied to the portfolio. Our investment advisors and actuaries review this computed 
rate of return. Industry comparables and other outside guidance are also considered in the annual selection of the expected rates 
of return on pension assets.

For the year ended October 31, 2018, the actual return on pension plans’ assets for all of our plans was 0.7%, which is 
lower than the expected rate of return on plan assets of 6.50% used to derive pension expense. The long-term expected rate of 
return takes into account years with exceptional gains and years with exceptional losses.

Actual results that differ from these estimates may result in more or less future Company funding into the pension plans 
than is planned by management. Based on plan performance and funding status,  we had one contribution for fiscal 2018 required 
in the third quarter.

30

 
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements with unconsolidated entities or other persons. 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

This information can be found in Note 1 "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" in our notes to the consolidated 

financial statements of Shiloh Industries, Inc., included in Item 8 of this Report.

Effect of Inflation, Deflation 

Inflation generally affects us by increasing the interest expense of floating rate indebtedness and by increasing the cost 
of labor, equipment and raw materials. The level of inflation has not had a material effect on our consolidated financial results for 
the past three years. 

In  periods of  decreasing prices, deflation occurs and  may also affect our  results of  operations. With  respect to steel 
purchases, we purchase steel through customers' steel buying programs which protects recovery of the cost of steel through the 
selling price of our products. For non-steel buying programs, we align the cost of steel purchases with the related selling price of 
the product. For our aluminum and magnesium die casting business, the cost of the materials is adjusted frequently to align with 
secured purchase commitments based on customer releases or based on referenced metal index plus additional material cost spreads 
agreed to by us and our customers. 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements made by Shiloh set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K regarding our operating performance, 
events or developments that we believe will or expect to occur in the future, including those that discuss strategies, goals, outlook 
or other non-historical matters, or which relate to future sales, earnings expectations, cost savings, awarded sales, volume growth, 
earnings or general belief in our expectations of future operating results are "forward-looking" statements within the meaning of 
the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  

The forward-looking statements are made on the basis of management's assumptions and expectations.  As a result, there 
can be no guarantee or assurance that these assumptions and expectations will in fact occur.  The forward-looking statements are 
subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to materially differ from those contained in the statements. 

Listed below are some of the factors that could potentially cause actual results to differ materially from expected future 

results.

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

our ability to accomplish our strategic objectives

our ability to obtain future sales

changes in worldwide economic and political conditions, including adverse effects from terrorism or related hostilities

costs related to legal and administrative matters

our ability to realize cost savings expected to offset price concessions

our ability to successfully integrate acquired businesses, including businesses located outside of the United States

risks associated with doing business internationally, including economic, political and social instability, foreign currency 
exposure and the lack of acceptance of our products

inefficiencies related to production and product launches that are greater than anticipated

changes in technology and technological risks

•  work stoppages and strikes at our facilities and that of our customers or suppliers

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

our dependence on the automotive and heavy truck industries, which are highly cyclical

the  dependence  of  the  automotive  industry  on  consumer  spending,  which  is  subject  to  the  impact  of  domestic  and 
international economic conditions affecting car and light truck production

regulations and policies regarding international trade

financial and business downturns of our customers or vendors, including any production cutbacks or bankruptcies

increases in the price of, or limitations on the availability of aluminum, magnesium or steel, our primary raw materials, 
or decreases in the price of scrap steel

31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the successful launch and consumer acceptance of new vehicles for which we supply parts

the impact on financial statements of any known or unknown accounting errors or irregularities; and the magnitude of 
any adjustments in restated financial statements of our operating results

the occurrence of any event or condition that may be deemed a material adverse effect under our outstanding indebtedness 
or a decrease in customer demand which could cause a covenant default under our outstanding indebtedness

changes to tariffs or trade agreements, or the imposition of new tariffs or trade restrictions imposed on steel or aluminum 
materials which we use, including changes related to tariffs on automotive imports

pension plan funding requirements

other factors besides those listed here could also materially affect our business

See "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a more complete discussion of these risks and 
uncertainties.  Any or all of these risks and uncertainties could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in the 
forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements reflect management's analysis only as of the date of filing this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K.

  We undertake no obligation to publicly revise these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that 
arise after the date of filing this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition to the disclosures contained herein, readers should 
carefully review risks and uncertainties contained in other documents we file from time to time with the SEC.

32

 
Item 7A.  

Qualitative and Quantitative Market Risk Discussion (Dollar amounts in thousands)

Market risk is the potential loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices. We are exposed to market risk 
throughout the normal course of our business operations due to purchases of metals, sales of scrap steel, our ongoing investing 
and financing activities, and exposure to foreign currency exchange rates.  As such, we have established policies and procedures 
to govern our management of market risks. 

Commodity Pricing Risk

Steel is the primary raw material used by the Company and a majority of the purchased steel is acquired  through various 
OEM steel buying programs. Buying through the customer steel buying programs mitigates the impact of price fluctuations 
associated with the procurement of steel. The remainder of our steel purchasing requirements is met through contracts with various 
steel suppliers. At times, we may be unable to either avoid increases in steel prices or pass through any price increases to our 
customers. We refer to the "net steel impact" as the combination of the change in steel prices that are reflected in the price of 
products, the change in the cost to procure steel from the steel sources and the change in our recovery of offal. Our strategy is to 
be economically neutral to steel pricing by having these factors offset each other. Although we strive to achieve a neutral net steel 
impact, we may not always be successful in achieving that goal, in part due to timing difference. The timing of a change in the 
price of steel may occur in different periods and if a change occurs, that change may have a disproportionate effect, within any 
fiscal period, on our product pricing. Depending upon when a steel price change or offal price change occurs, that change may 
have a disproportionate effect, within any particular fiscal period, on its product pricing, our steel costs and the results of our 
offal recovery. Net imbalances in any one particular fiscal period may be reversed in a subsequent fiscal period, although we 
cannot  provide  assurances  that,  or  when,  these  reversals  will  occur.  In  fiscal  2018,  volume  and  scrap  metal  market  pricing 
contributed to an improvement in our offal recovery.

Interest Rate Risk

At October 31, 2018, we had total debt, excluding capital leases, of $244,038, consisting of a revolving line of credit of 
floating rate debt of $243,300 (99.7%) and fixed rate debt of $738 (0.3%). Assuming no changes in the monthly average revolver 
debt levels of $261,465 for the year ended October 31, 2018, we estimate that a hypothetical unfavorable change of 100 basis 
points in the LIBOR and base rate would impact interest expense by $2,433 in additional expense. 

During 2014, we entered into an interest rate swap with an aggregate notional amount of $75,000 designated as a cash 
flow hedge of a portion of our Credit Agreement to manage interest rate exposure on our floating rate LIBOR based debt. The 
first base notional amount, $25,000, commenced on March 1, 2015, the second base notional amount, $25,000, commenced on 
September 1, 2015 and the final notional amount, $25,000, commenced on March 1, 2016.  We recognized $772 of interest expense 
related to the interest rate swap for the year ended October 31, 2018. 

The following table discloses the fair value and balance sheet location of the Company's derivative instrument:

Derivatives

Balance Sheet

October 31,

October 31,

Location

2018

2017

Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedging Instruments:

Interest rate swap contracts

Other assets
(Other liabilities)

$135

$(2,088)

The following table discloses the effect of the Company's derivative instrument on the consolidated statement of operations 

and consolidated statement of comprehensive income (loss) for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2018:

Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:

Interest rate swap contracts

$1,423

Interest expense

$772

Amount of Gain
Recognized in OCI
on Derivatives
(Effective Portion)

Location of Gain
(Loss) Reclassified
from AOCI into
Income (Effective
Portion)

Amount of Gain
Reclassified from
AOCI into Income
(Effective Portion)

33

 
 
 
 
 
 
The following table discloses the effect of the Company's derivative instrument on the consolidated statement of operations 

and consolidated statement of comprehensive (income) loss for the year ended October 31, 2017:

Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:

Interest rate swap contracts

$1,793

Interest expense

$1,401

Amount of Gain
(Loss) Recognized in
OCI on Derivatives
(Effective Portion)

Location of Gain
(Loss) Reclassified
from AOCI into
Income (Effective
Portion)

Amount of Gain
(Loss) Reclassified
from AOCI into
Income (Effective
Portion)

Currency Exchange Rate Risk

The translated values of revenue and expense from our international operations are subject to fluctuations due to changes 
in currency exchange rates. Consequently, our results of operations may be affected by exposure to changes in foreign currency 
exchange rates and economic conditions in the regions in which we sell or distribute products.  

We derived 73% of our sales in the United States and 27% internationally. Of these international sales, no single foreign 
currency represented more than 10% of sales.  To minimize foreign currency risk, we generally maintain natural hedges within 
our non-U.S. activities, including the efficient alignment of transaction settlements in the same currency and near term accounting 
cycles.

In addition, to the transaction-related gains and losses that are reflected within the results of operations, we are subject 
to foreign currency translation risk, as the financial statements for our subsidiaries are measured and recorded in the respective 
subsidiary's  functional  currency  and  translated  into  U.S.  dollars  for  consolidated  financial  reporting  purposes.  The  resulting 
translation adjustments are recorded net of tax impact in the consolidated statement of other comprehensive income (loss).

Inflation

Although we have not experienced a material inflationary impact, the potential for a rise in inflationary pressures could 
impact  certain  commodities,  such  as  steel,  aluminum  and  magnesium. Additionally,  because  we  purchase  various  types  of 
equipment, raw materials and component parts from our suppliers, they may be adversely impacted by their inability to adequately 
mitigate inflationary, industry, or economic pressures. The overall condition of its supply base may possibly lead to delivery 
delays, production issues, or delivery of non-conforming products by its suppliers in the future. As such, we continue to monitor 
our vendor base for the best sources of supply and we continue to work with those vendors and customers to mitigate the impact 
of inflationary pressures.

34

 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 8. 

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Balance Sheets at October 31, 2018 and 2017

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended October 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended October 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended October 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended October 31, 2018, 2017, and 2016

Notes to Consolidated  Financial Statements

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

35

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Shareholders
Shiloh Industries, Inc.

Opinion on the financial statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Shiloh Industries, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries 
(the "Company") as of October 31, 2018 and 2017, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income 
(loss), changes in stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended October 31, 2018, and the 
related notes and financial statement schedule included under Item 15(a) (2) (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). 
In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of October 
31, 2018 and 2017, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended October 31, 
2018, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
("PCAOB"), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2018, based on criteria established in the 
2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
("COSO"), and our report dated December 20, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion. 

Basis for opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are 
required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable 
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error 
or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether 
due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, 
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting 
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial 
statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2007.

Southfield, Michigan
December 20, 2018  

36

SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollar amounts in thousands)

October 31,

2018

2017

ASSETS:

$

16,843

$

Cash and cash equivalents

Accounts receivable, net

Related party accounts receivable

Prepaid income taxes

Inventories, net

Prepaid expenses

Other current assets

Total current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net

Goodwill

Intangible assets, net

Deferred income taxes

Other assets

Total assets

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

Current debt
Accounts payable

Other accrued expenses

Accrued income taxes

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt

Long-term benefit liabilities

Deferred income taxes

Other liabilities

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies

Stockholders’ equity:

Preferred stock, $.01 per share; 5,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and
outstanding at October 31, 2018 and October 31, 2017, respectively

Common stock, par value $.01 per share; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 23,417,107 and
23,121,957 shares issued and outstanding at October 31, 2018 and October 31, 2017,
respectively
Paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net
Total stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

37

209,733

996

1,391

71,412

10,478

22,124

332,977

316,176

27,376

14,939

5,665

12,542
709,675

1,327
177,400

63,031

1,874

243,632

245,351

15,553

2,894

2,723

$

$

8,736

188,664

759

338

61,812

11,940

22,272

294,521

266,891

27,859

15,025

6,338

7,949
618,583

2,027
166,059

46,171

1,628

215,885

181,065

21,106

9,166

3,040

510,153

430,262

—

—

234
114,405
135,813
(50,930)
199,522
709,675

$

231
112,351
117,976
(42,237)
188,321
618,583

$

$

$

SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

Years Ended October 31,

Net revenues
Cost of sales (1)
Gross profit

Selling, general & administrative expenses (1)
Amortization of intangible assets
Asset impairment, net
Restructuring

Operating income

Interest expense
Interest income
Other expense, net (1)

Income (loss) before income taxes

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

Net income (loss)

Income (loss) per share:

Basic earnings (loss) per share

Basic weighted average number of common shares

Diluted earnings (loss) per share

Diluted weighted average number of common shares

2018
$1,139,944
1,023,849
116,095
88,604
2,372
—
6,613
18,506
11,343
(10)
913
6,260
(5,219)
11,479

$

2017
$ 1,041,986
926,631
115,355
83,070
2,259
241
4,777
25,008
15,088
(4)
3,501
6,423
7,120
(697) $

2016
$ 1,065,834
969,498
96,336
73,401
2,258
2,031
—
18,646
18,086
(23)
2,066
(1,483)
(5,152)
3,669

$

$

$

0.49

$

(0.04) $

0.21

23,229

19,233

17,513

0.49

$

(0.04) $

0.21

23,369

19,233

17,526

(1) Fiscal years 2017 and 2016 reflect the reclassification of non-service cost components of net benefit costs to outside of operating income as a result of ASU 
2017-07 adoption, effective November 1, 2017. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

38

 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Dollar amounts in thousands)

Net income (loss)

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Defined benefit pension plans & other post-retirement benefits

Amortization of net actuarial loss

Actuarial net gain (loss)

Asset net gain (loss)

Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2018-02 reclassified to retained earnings

Income tax benefit (provision)

Total defined benefit pension plans & other post retirement benefits, net of tax

Marketable securities

Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities

Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2018-02 reclassified to retained earnings

Income tax benefit (provision)

Reclassification of other-than-temporary impairment losses on marketable securities 
included in net income (loss) 

Total marketable securities, net of tax

Derivatives and hedging

Unrealized gain on interest rate swap agreements

Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2018-02 reclassified to retained earnings

Income tax benefit (provision)

Reclassification adjustments for settlement of derivatives included in net income

Change in fair value of derivative instruments, net of tax

Foreign currency translation adjustments

Foreign currency translation gain (loss)

Income tax provision

Reclassification for settlement of foreign currency included in net income (loss)

Unrealized gain (loss) on foreign currency translation

Comprehensive income (loss), net

Years Ended October 31,

2018

2017

2016

$ 11,479

$

(697) $ 3,669

1,318

7,861
(2,889)
(6,138)
(1,442)
(1,290)

(173)
(7)
10

154
(16)

1,452
(213)
(588)
772

1,423

1,480

604

5,729

—
(3,001)
4,812

45

—
(250)

669

464

1,543

—
(1,151)
1,401

1,793

1,251
(5,081)
(3,006)
—

2,986
(3,850)

(183)
—

58

—
(125)

(1,577)
—

111

1,530

64

(7,879)
(931)
—
(8,810)
$ 2,786

7,156

—

—

7,156

$ 13,528

(3,032)
—

530
(2,502)
$ (2,744)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

39

SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollar amounts in thousands)

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

Net income (loss)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization
Amortization of deferred financing costs
Asset impairment, net
Restructuring
Deferred income taxes
Stock-based compensation expense
(Gain) loss on sale of assets
Other than temporary impairment on marketable securities

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable, net
Inventories, net
Prepaids and other assets
Payables and other liabilities
Prepaid and accrued income taxes

Net cash provided by operating activities

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Capital expenditures
Sale of (investment in) joint venture
Acquisitions, net of cash required
Proceeds from sale of assets

Net cash used in investing activities

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

Payment of capital leases
Proceeds from long-term borrowings
Repayments of long-term borrowings
Payment of deferred financing costs
Proceeds from exercise of stock options
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Effect of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on cash
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

Supplemental Cash Flow Information:

Cash paid for interest
Cash paid for (refund of) income taxes

Non-cash Activities:

Capital equipment included in accounts payable

Years Ended October 31,

2018

2017

2016

$

11,479

$

(697) $

3,669

45,728
1,244
—
280
(9,770)
1,984
993
154

(1,426)
412
1,733
(1,462)
1,877
53,226

(50,135)
—
(62,514)
3,592
(109,057)

(886)
266,900
(202,282)
(105)
73
—
63,700
238
8,107
8,736
16,843

10,594
3,423

$

$
$

41,648
3,115
241
4,420
4,174
1,698
1,590
695

(2,919)
(888)
5,375
16,715
1,148
76,315

(48,395)
1,170
—
7,605
(39,620)

(879)
221,600
(296,770)
(1,779)
78
40,227
(37,523)
868
40
8,696
8,736

12,432
1,780

$

$
$

37,645
2,505
2,031
—
(2,704)
1,072
(55)
—

10,975
(2,408)
14,476
(1,843)
3,998
69,361

(28,324)
(1,500)
—
1,508
(28,316)

(860)
145,400
(186,301)
(1,785)
—
—
(43,546)
(1,903)
(4,404)
13,100
8,696

15,801
(5,855)

4,049

$

4,239

$

5,604

$

$
$

$

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

40

 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Dollar amounts in thousands)

October 31, 2015

Net income

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax

Restricted stock and exercise of stock options

Stock-based compensation cost

October 31, 2016

Net loss

Other comprehensive income, net of tax

Restricted stock and exercise of stock options

Issuance of common stock

Stock-based compensation cost

October 31, 2017

Net income

Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Reclassification of stranded tax effects (1)

Restricted stock and exercise of stock options

Stock-based compensation cost

Common
Stock ($.01
Par Value)

Paid-In
Capital

Retained
Earnings

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

Total
Stockholders'
Equity

$

173

$

69,334

$

115,004

$

(50,049) $

134,462

—

—

3

—

—

—

(3)

1,072

3,669

—

—

—

—

(6,413)

—

—

3,669

(6,413)

—

1,072

$

176

$

70,403

$

118,673

$

(56,462) $

132,790

—

—

3

52

—

—

—

75

40,175

1,698

(697)

—

(697)

—

—

—

—

14,225

14,225

—

—

—

78

40,227

1,698

$

231

$

112,351

$

117,976

$

(42,237) $

188,321

—

—

—

3

—

—

—

—

70

1,984

11,479

—

6,358

—

—

—

(2,335)

(6,358)

—

—

11,479

(2,335)

—

73

1,984

October 31, 2018

$

234

$

114,405

$

135,813

$

(50,930) $

199,522

(1) The adoption of ASU 2018-02 required reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings for stranded tax effects in accumulated other 

comprehensive loss results from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.  Refer to Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional information.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

41

SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Dollar amounts and number of shares in thousands except per share data)

Note 1—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

General:    We  are  a  global  innovative  solutions  provider  focusing  on  lightweighting  technologies  that  provide 
environmental and safety benefits to the mobility market. Our multi-component, multi-material solutions are comprised of a variety 
of alloys in aluminum, magnesium and steel grades, along with its proprietary line of noise and vibration reducing ShilohCore® 
acoustic laminate products.  The strategic BlankLight®, CastLight® and StampLight® brands combine to maximize lightweighting 
solutions without compromising safety or performance. Shiloh delivers these solutions in body structure, chassis and propulsion 
systems  to  original  equipment  manufacturers  ("OEMs")  and  several  "Tier  1"  suppliers  to  the  OEMs  in  the  automotive  and 
commercial vehicle markets.

The Company has thirty-five wholly-owned subsidiaries at locations in Asia, Europe and North America for the fiscal 

year ended October 31, 2018.

  MTD Holdings Inc. (the parent of MTD Products Inc.) and affiliates owned 34% of the Company's outstanding shares 

of common stock as of October 31, 2018, making MTD Holdings Inc. and MTD Products Inc. related parties of the Company.

     Principles of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Shiloh Industries, Inc. and 

all wholly-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany transactions have been eliminated. 

Revenue Recognition:  We recognize revenue from the sales of products when there is evidence of a sales agreement, 
the delivery of goods has occurred, the sales price is fixed or determinable and collectability of revenue is reasonably assured. We 
record revenues upon shipment of product to customers and transfer of title under standard commercial terms. Price adjustments, 
including those arising from resolution of quality issues, price and quantity discrepancies, surcharges for fuel and/or steel and 
other commercial issues, are recognized in the period when management believes that such amounts become probable, based on 
management’s estimates. We enter into contracts with customers in the development of molds, dies and tools (collectively, "tooling") 
to be sold to such customers. We record tooling activities in cost of sales at the time of completion and final billing to the customer. 
Billings are recorded as progress billings (a reduction of the associated tooling costs) until the appropriate revenue recognition 
criteria have been met. The tooling contracts are separate arrangements between Shiloh and our customers and are recorded on a 
net basis in accordance with current applicable revenue recognition accounting literature.

Shipping  and  Handling  Activities:  Shipping  and  handling  costs  associated  with  outbound  freight  after  parts  have 

transferred  to a customer, are accounted for as a fulfillment cost and are included in cost of sales.  

Inventories:  Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value, using the first-in first-out ("FIFO") 

method.

Pre-production and Development Costs: We enter into contractual agreements with certain customers for tooling. All 
such tooling contracts relate to parts that we will supply to customers under supply agreements. Tooling costs are capitalized in 
other current assets as tooling contracts are separate from standard production contracts. At October 31, 2018 and October 31, 
2017, tooling costs of $5,510 and $13,629, respectively, were included in other current assets. 

Property, Plant and Equipment:  Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost or at fair market value for plant, property 
and  equipment  acquired  through  acquisitions.  Expenditures  for  maintenance,  repairs  and  renewals  are  charged  to  expense  as 
incurred, while major improvements are capitalized. The cost of these improvements is depreciated over their estimated useful 
lives. Useful lives range from three to twelve years for furniture and fixtures and machinery and equipment, or if the assets are 
dedicated to a customer program, over the estimated life of that program, ten to twenty years for land improvements and twenty
to forty years for buildings and their related improvements. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method for financial 
reporting purposes and accelerated methods for income tax purposes. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed, the related 
cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any gain or loss on the disposition is included in the earnings 
for the current period.

Income Taxes:  We utilize the asset and liability method in accounting for income taxes. Income tax expense includes 
U.S. and international income taxes minus tax credits and other incentives that will reduce tax expense in the year they are claimed. 
Deferred taxes are recognized at currently enacted tax rates for temporary differences between the financial accounting and income 
tax basis of assets and liabilities and operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce 
net deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. We assess both positive and negative evidence 

42

      
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

when measuring the need for a valuation allowance. Evidence typically assessed includes the operating results for the most recent 
three-year period and the expectations of future profitability, available tax planning strategies, the time period over which the 
temporary differences will reverse and taxable income in prior carryback years if carryback is permitted under the tax law. The 
calculation of our tax liabilities also involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations. 
We recognize liabilities for uncertain income tax positions based on the Company’s estimate of whether, and the extent to which, 
additional taxes will be required. We report interest and penalties related to uncertain income tax positions as income taxes. Tax 
provision or benefits from other comprehensive income activities reflect the statutory rate of such activities. 

  Business  Combinations:  We  account  for  business  combinations  using  the  acquisition  method,  which  requires  the 
identification of the acquirer, the determination of the acquisition date and the allocation of the purchase price paid by the acquirer 
to the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, including any contingent consideration on the 
acquisition date at fair value. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired. 
Acquisition-related costs are expensed in the periods in which the costs are incurred. The results of operations of acquired businesses 
are included in our consolidated financial statements from the acquisition date.

Intangible Assets: Intangible assets with definitive lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. We amortize our 
acquired intangible assets with definitive lives on a straight-line basis over periods ranging from three months to fifteen years. 
See Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements for a description of the current intangible assets and their estimated amortization 
expense. 

An impairment analysis of definite-lived intangible assets is performed when indicators of potential impairment exists.

Goodwill: Goodwill is the excess of cost of an acquired entity over the amounts assigned to assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed in a business combination. Goodwill relates to and is assigned directly to specific reporting units. Goodwill is not amortized 
but is subject to impairment assessment. In accordance with ASC 350, "Intangibles-Goodwill and Other," we assess goodwill for 
impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently, if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not 
reduce the fair value below the carrying amount. Our annual impairment assessment is performed as of September 30. Such 
assessment can be done on a qualitative or quantitative basis. When conducting a qualitative assessment, we consider relevant 
events and circumstances that affect the fair value or carrying amount of the reporting unit.  A quantitative assessment is required 
only if we conclude that it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount, or we elect not 
to perform a qualitative assessment of a reporting unit.  We consider the extent to which each of the events and circumstances 
identified affect the comparison of the reporting unit's fair value or the carrying amount. Such events and circumstances could 
include macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, overall financial performance, entity and reporting unit 
specific events, product brand level specific events and cost factors. We place more weight on the events and circumstances that 
may affect the determination of whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying 
amount. These factors are all considered by management in reaching its conclusion about whether to perform a quantitative goodwill 
impairment assessment.

We perform a quantitative annual goodwill impairment assessment by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its 
carrying amount, including goodwill. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, we recognize an impairment charge for the 
amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill in that reporting unit. 

Share-based Payments: We record compensation expense for the fair value of nonvested stock option awards and restricted 
stock awards over the remaining vesting period. We have elected to use the simplified method to calculate the expected term of 
the stock options outstanding at five to six years and have utilized historical weighted average volatility. We determine the volatility 
and risk-free rate assumptions used in computing the fair value using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, in consultation with 
an outside third party.  The expected term for the restricted stock award is between three months and four years.

The Black-Scholes option valuation model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected 
life of the stock-based award and stock price volatility. The assumptions used are management’s best estimates, but the estimates 
involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. As a result, if other assumptions had been used, the 
recorded stock-based compensation expense could have been materially different from that depicted in the financial statements.  
In addition, we do not estimate a forfeiture rate at the time of grant instead we elected to recognize share-based compensation 
expense when actual forfeitures occur.

43

 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

New restricted stock and restricted stock unit grants are valued at the closing market price on the date of grant.  In addition, 
we do not estimate a forfeiture rate at the time of grant, instead, we elected to recognize share-based compensation expense when 
actual forfeitures occur. 

Employee Benefit Plans:  We accrue the cost of U.S. defined benefit pension plans, which are frozen, in accordance with 
Statement of FASB ASC Topic 715 "Compensation - Retirement Benefits." The plans are funded based on the requirements and 
limitations  of  the  Employee  Retirement  Income  Security Act  of  1974. As  of    October 31,  2018,  96%  of  our  U.S.  employees  
participated in discretionary profit sharing plans administered by us. We also provide postretirement medical benefits to 12 former 
employees. 

Actual results that differ from these estimates may result in more or less future Company funding into the pension plans 

than is planned by management. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents: Cash and cash equivalents include all highly liquid investments with an original maturity 
of  three  months  or  less.  Cash  in  foreign  subsidiaries  totaled  $16,107  and  $8,654  at  October 31,  2018  and  October 31,  2017, 
respectively. 

Concentration of Risk: We sell products to customers primarily in the automotive and commercial vehicle markets. 
Financial instruments, which potentially subject us to concentration of credit risk, are primarily accounts receivable. We perform 
on-going credit evaluations of our customers' financial condition. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on the expected 
collectability of all accounts receivable. Losses have historically been within management's expectations. We do not have financial 
instruments with off-balance sheet risk. Refer to Note 18 Business Segment Information for discussion of concentration of revenues. 

We believe that the concentration of credit risk in our trade receivables is substantially mitigated by our ongoing credit 
evaluation process and relatively short collection terms. We do not generally require collateral from customers. We establish an 
allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends and other 
information.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments: The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and payables 
approximate fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments. The carrying value of our debt and derivative instruments 
are considered to approximate the fair value of these instruments based on the borrowing rates currently available to us for loans 
with similar terms and maturities. 

Derivative Financial Instruments: We use interest rate swaps to manage volatility of underlying exposures. We use 
cross-currency interest rate swap instruments to serve as a hedge of net investment in foreign operations. We recognize all of our 
derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value (i.e., gains or losses) 
of a derivative instrument depends on whether it has been designated, and is effective, as a hedge and further, on the type of hedging 
relationship. For those derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments, a company must designate 
the instrument, based upon the exposure being hedged, as a fair value hedge, cash flow hedge or a hedge of a net investment in a 
foreign operation. Gains and losses related to a hedge are either recognized in income immediately to offset the gain or loss on 
the hedged item or are deferred and reported as a component of Comprehensive Income (Loss) and subsequently recognized in 
earnings when the hedged item affects earnings. The gain or loss related to financial instruments that are not designated as hedges 
are  recognized  immediately  in  earnings.  Cash  flows  related  to  hedging  activities  are  included  in  the  operating  section  of  the 
consolidated statements of cash flows. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. 
Our objective for holding derivatives is to minimize risk using the most effective and cost-efficient methods available. 

Foreign Currency Translation: Our functional currency is the U.S. dollar as a substantial part of our operations are based 
in the U.S. The financial statements of all subsidiaries with a functional currency other than the U.S. Dollar have been translated 
into U.S. Dollars.  The translation from the applicable foreign currencies to U.S. dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts 
using exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and for revenue and expense accounts using a weighted average exchange 
rate for the period.  The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) 
("OCI").  We engage in foreign currency denominated transactions with customers and suppliers, as well as between subsidiaries 
with different functional currencies.  Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are recognized in net income 
(loss) in the consolidated statements of operations. Non-functional currency denominated intercompany balances which are long-
term in nature are recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss. 

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Guarantees: We have certain indemnification clauses within our Credit Agreement (as defined above) and certain lease 
agreements that are considered to be guarantees within the scope of ASC 460, "Guarantees." We do not consider these guarantees 
to be probable, and we cannot estimate their maximum exposure. Additionally, our exposure to warranty-related obligations is not 
material. 

Accounting Estimates: The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts 
of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported 
amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, management reviews its estimates based 
upon current available information. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 

Prior Year Reclassifications:

In the first quarter of fiscal 2018, we early adopted the provisions of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2017-07 
"Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic 
Postretirement Benefit Cost". The reclassification of certain prior year amounts as a result of early adoption of ASU 2017-07 is 
detailed below in Recently Adopted Accounting Standards.

A prior year interest rate swap agreement amount of $2,088 as reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at October 31, 
2017 is now presented with Other liabilities as we entered into other derivatives and hedging instruments as discussed in Note 
12 - Derivatives and Financial Instruments of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Prepaid expenses and other current assets were presented within one caption on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at 

October 31, 2017 and are now presented separately.  

In the third quarter of fiscal 2018 , we combined our investments in marketable securities with other current assets as 
the amounts are immaterial.  The prior year investments in marketable securities amount of $194 as reported on the Consolidated 
Balance Sheet at October 31, 2017 is now presented with Other current assets.

45

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Recently Issued Accounting Standards:

Standard
ASU 2018-09 
Codification 
Improvements

Effective Date
The majority of the
amendments will
be effective
November 1, 2019

Description
These amendments provide clarifications and
corrections to certain ASC subtopics including
the following: Income Statement - Reporting
Comprehensive Income – Overall (Topic
220-10), Debt - Modifications and
Extinguishments (Topic 470-50), Distinguishing
Liabilities from Equity – Overall (Topic 480-10),
Compensation - Stock Compensation - Income
Taxes (Topic 718-740), Business Combinations -
Income Taxes (Topic 805-740), Derivatives and
Hedging – Overall (Topic 815-10) and Fair Value
Measurement – Overall (Topic 820-10).

Effect on our financial
statements and other
significant matters
We are currently evaluating
and assessing the impact this
guidance will have on the
Company's consolidated
statements or financial
statement disclosures.
While the Company has not
yet completed its evaluation
of the effects of adoption, the
Company does not expect the
adoption of the new revenue
standards to have a material
impact on its consolidated
financial statements.

ASU 2017-09   
Compensation - Stock 
Compensation (Topic 
718)

ASU 2014-09             
Revenue from 
Contracts with 
Customers

November 1, 2018
with early adoption
permitted.

We do not expect the adoption
of these provisions to have a
significant impact on the
Company's consolidated
financial statements as it is
not our practice to change
either the terms or conditions
of share-based payment
awards once they are granted.

November 1, 2018.  We will be adopting the new
revenue standards in the first
quarter of 2019 utilizing
the modified retrospective
transition method. To assess
the impact of the new
standard, the Company
analyzed the standard's
impact on customer contracts,
comparing its historical
accounting policies and
practices to the requirements
of the new standard and to
identify potential differences
of the new standard's
requirements. The Company
does not expect the adoption
of the new revenue standard
to have a material impact on
its consolidated
financial statements.

This amendment clarifies when a change to the
terms or conditions of a share-based payment
award must be accounted for as a modification.
The new guidance requires modification
accounting if the fair value, vesting condition or
the classification of the award is not the same
immediately before and after a change to the
terms and conditions of the award. The
amendment should be adopted on a prospective
basis.

The amendments require companies to recognize
revenue when there is a transfer of promised
goods or services to customers in an amount that
reflects the consideration to which the company
expects to be entitled in exchange for those
goods and services. The amendments should be
applied on either a full or modified retrospective
basis, which clarifies existing accounting
literature relating to how and when a company
recognizes revenue. The Financial Accounting
Standards Board ("FASB"), through the issuance
of Accounting Standards Updated ("ASU") No.
2015-14, "Revenue from Contracts with
Customers," approved a one year delay of the
effective date and permits two implementation
approaches, one requiring retrospective
application of the new standard with restatement
of prior years and one requiring prospective
application of the new standard with disclosure
of results under old standards.  During fiscal
2016, the FASB issued ASUs 2016-10, 2016-11
and 2016-12. Finally, ASU 2016-20  makes
minor corrections or minor improvements to the
Codification that are not expected to have a
significant effect on current accounting practice
or create a significant administrative cost to most
entities.

46

ASU 2016-02               
Leases

ASU 2016-01       
Recognition and 
Measurement of 
Financial Assets and 
Financial Liabilities

SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

This amendment requires lessees to recognize a 
lease liability and a right-of-use asset on the 
balance sheet and aligns many of the underlying 
principles of the new lessor model with those in 
Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 
Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers. The standard requires a modified 
retrospective transition for capital and operating 
leases existing at or entered into after the 
beginning of the earliest comparative period 
presented in the financial statements, but it does 
not require transition accounting for leases that 
expire prior to the date of initial adoption. In 
January 2018, the FASB issued an amendment to 
ASC Topic 842 which permits companies to 
elect an optional transition practical expedient to 
not evaluate existing land easements under the 
new standard if the land easements were not 
previously accounted for under existing lease 
guidance. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 
2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 
842 which clarifies certain areas within ASU 
2016-02. ASU 2018-11 Targeted Improvements 
to Topic 842, Leases. This amendment provides 
entities with an additional (and optional) 
transition method to adopt the new leases 
standard. Under this new transition method, an 
entity initially applies the new leases standard at 
the adoption date and recognizes a cumulative-
effect adjustment to the opening balance of 
retained earnings in the period of adoption.

This amendment addresses certain aspects of
recognition, measurement, presentation and
disclosure of financial instruments. Most
prominent among the amendments is the
requirement for changes in the fair value of the
Company's equity investments, with certain
exceptions, to be recognized through net income
rather than other comprehensive income
("OCI"). The amendments should be applied by
means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the
balance sheet in year of adoption.

November 1, 2019
with early adoption
permitted.

We are in the process of
evaluating the impact of
adoption of this standard on
our financial statements and
disclosures. We are in the
beginning stages of
developing a project plan with
key stakeholders throughout
the organization and gathering
and analyzing detailed
information on existing lease
arrangements. This includes
evaluating the available
practical expedients,
calculating the lease asset and
liability balances associated
with individual contractual
arrangements and assessing
the disclosure
requirements. In addition, we
continue to monitor FASB
amendments to ASC Topic
842.

First quarter of
fiscal year ending
October 31, 2019
with early adoption
permitted.

We do not expect the adoption
of these provisions to have a
significant impact on the
Company's consolidated
statement of financial position
or financial statement
disclosures.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards:

Standard
ASU 2018-02            
Income Statement - 
Reporting Comprehensive 
Income (Topic 220): 
Reclassification of Certain 
Tax Effects from 
Accumulated Other 
Comprehensive Income

Description
This amendment allows a reclassification
from accumulated other comprehensive
income ("AOCI") to retained earnings for
stranded tax effects resulting from the
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "TCJA").
The amendments eliminate the stranded
tax effects resulting from the TCJA and
will improve the usefulness of
information reported to financial
statement users.

47

Adoption Date
May 1, 2018.

Effect on our financial
statements and other
significant matters
Please refer to Note 11 of the
consolidated financial
statements for additional
detail on this adoption.

SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

ASU 2017-12     
Derivatives and Hedging 
(Topic 815)

ASU 2017-07   
Compensation - Retirement 
Benefits (Topic 715): 
Improving the Presentation 
of Net Periodic Pension 
Cost and Net Periodic 
Postretirement Benefit Cost

This amendment changes how an entity
assesses effectiveness of derivative
instruments, potentially resulting in less
ineffectiveness and more derivatives
qualifying for hedge accounting.  Entities
may early adopt the standard in any
interim period, with the effect of adoption
being applied to existing hedging
relationships as of the beginning of the
fiscal year of adoption.

This amendment requires the presentation
of the service cost component of net
benefit cost to be in the same line item as
other compensation costs arising from
services rendered by the pertinent
employees during the period. All other
components of net benefit cost should be
presented separately from the service cost
component and outside of a subtotal of
earnings from operations, or separately
disclosed. The amendments should be
adopted on a retrospective basis.

ASU 2017-01           
Business Combinations 
(Topic 805): Clarifying the 
Definition of a Business

ASU 2015-11           
Inventory

The definition of a business affects many
areas of accounting, including
acquisitions, disposals, goodwill
impairment and consolidation. When
substantially all of the fair value of gross
assets acquired is concentrated in a single
asset (or a group of similar assets), the
asset acquired would not represent a
business. To be considered a business, an
acquisition would have to include an
input and a substantive process that
together significantly contribute to the
ability to create outputs. The new
guidance provides a framework to
evaluate when an input and a substantive
process are present. 

This amendment simplifies the
measurement of inventory by requiring
inventory to be measured at the lower of
cost and net realizable value. The
amendment should be applied on a
prospective basis.

48

November 1, 2017. The early adoption of this

standard did not have a
material impact on the
Company's consolidated
financial statements.  Refer to
Note 12 of the consolidated
financial statements for
additional detail on this
adoption.

November 1, 2017. Prior to the adoption of ASU
2017-07, pension costs were
reported as cost of sales and
selling, general and
administrative expenses on
the Company's consolidated
statements of operations. As a
result of the early adoption of
ASU 2017-07, we reclassified
$1,222 and $72 from cost of
sales and selling, general and
administrative expenses to
other expense, net on the
consolidated statements of
operations for the fiscal year
ended October 31, 2017 and
$160 and $16 from cost of
sales and selling, general and
administrative expenses to
other expense, net on the
consolidated statements of
operations for the fiscal year
ended October 31, 2016.

November 1, 2017. The adoption of this

framework did not have a
significant impact on the
Company's consolidated
statement of financial position
or financial statement
disclosures.

November 1, 2017. The adoption of these

provisions did not have a
significant impact on the
Company's consolidated
statement of financial position
or financial statement
disclosures.

 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Note 2—Acquisitions

On March 1, 2018, a subsidiary of the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding capital of Brabant Alucast 
Italy Site Verres S.r.l., a limited liability company organized under the laws of Italy, and Brabant Alucast The Netherlands Site 
Oss B.V., a limited liability company organized under the laws of the Netherlands (collectively "Brabant"). The acquisitions were 
accounted for as business combinations under the acquisition method in accordance with the FASB ASC Topic 805, Business 
Combinations.  The acquisitions complement Shiloh’s global footprint with the expansion of aluminum and magnesium casting 
capabilities, while providing capacity for growth.

The aggregate fair value of consideration transferred was $65,273 ($62,514 net of cash acquired), on the date of the 
acquisitions. Brabant acquisitions have been accounted for using the acquisition method in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 
805, Business Combinations. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition 
date. The fair values of identifiable intangible assets were based on valuations using the income approach and estimates. The final 
purchase price allocation was as follows:

Cash and cash equivalents

Accounts receivable

Inventory

Other assets, net

Property, plant and equipment

Goodwill

Intangible assets

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Deferred income taxes

Net assets acquired

Preliminary
Valuation

Period
Adjustment

Revised
Valuation

2,792

22,719

10,603

2,026

54,034

408

2,328
(29,637)
—

65,273

(33)
56

273

1,388
(834)
(408)
—

430
(872)
—

2,759

22,775

10,876

3,414

53,200

—

2,328
(29,207)
(872)
65,273  

The $2,328 of acquired intangible assets was assigned to developed technology that have a useful life of 13 years. The 
fair value assigned to identifiable intangible assets acquired have been determined primarily by using the income approach, which 
discounts expected future cash flows to present value using estimates and assumptions determined by management. The Company 
utilized a third party to assist in assigning a fair value to acquired intangible assets. The total amount of identifiable intangible 
assets will not be deductible for tax purposes under current Italian or Netherlands tax law. A favorable lease asset of $1,458 was 
acquired as part of the Brabant acquisitions in fiscal 2018 with a seven year useful life. The amortization of this asset is included 
in amortization of intangible assets and the balance is included within other assets.

Supplemental pro forma disclosures are not included as the amounts are deemed immaterial.

Note 3—Accounts Receivable, Net

  Accounts receivable, net is expected to be collected within one year and is net of an allowance for doubtful accounts in 
the amount of  $676 and $1,271 at October 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. We recognized bad debt expense of  $32 and $493
during fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively, in the consolidated statements of operations.

  We continually monitor our exposure with our customers and additional consideration is given to individual accounts in 

light of the market conditions in the automotive and commercial vehicle markets. 

  As a part of our working capital management, the Company has entered into factoring agreements with third party financial 
institutions ("institutions") for the sale of certain accounts receivable with recourse. The activity under these agreements is accounted 
for as sales of accounts receivable under ASC Topic 860 "Transfers and Servicing." These agreements relate exclusively to the 
accounts receivable of certain Italian and Swedish customers. The amounts sold vary each month based on the amount of underlying 
receivables and cash flow requirements of the Company. In addition, the agreements address events and conditions which may 
obligate us to immediately repay the institutions the outstanding purchase price of the receivables sold. 

49

 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

The total amount of accounts receivable factored was $13,545 and $7,567 as of October 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. 
As these sales of accounts receivable are with recourse, $11,742 and $8,072 were recorded in accounts payable as of October 31, 
2018 and 2017, respectively. The cost of selling these receivables is dependent upon the number of days between the sale date of 
the receivables and the date the customer’s invoice is due and the interest rate.  The expense associated with the sale of these 
receivables is recorded as a component of selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements 
of operations.

Note 4 —Related Party Receivables

  Sales to MTD Products Inc. and its affiliates were $5,374, $5,129 and $5,730 for fiscal years 2018, 2017 and 2016, 
respectively. At October 31, 2018 and 2017, we had receivable balances of $996 and $759, respectively, due from MTD Products 
Inc. and its affiliates. 

Note 5—Inventories, Net

Inventories, net consists of the following:

Raw materials
Work-in-process
Finished goods
Reserves

Total inventories, net

Note 6—Property, Plant and Equipment, Net

Property, plant and equipment, net consists of the following:

Land and improvements
Buildings and improvements
Machinery and equipment
Furniture and fixtures
Construction in progress

Total, at cost

Less: Accumulated depreciation

Property, plant and equipment, net

October 31,

2018

2017

$

28,457
24,435
21,637
(3,117) $
$
71,412

25,315
19,960
22,072
(5,535)
61,812

October 31,

2018

2017

13,954
124,076
493,522
22,556
41,964
696,072
379,896
316,176

$

$

11,416
124,406
504,785
22,209
40,356
703,172
436,281
266,891

$

$
$

$

$

Depreciation expense was $43,356, $39,389 and $35,387 in fiscal 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. 

          During the years ended October 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 interest capitalized as part of property, plant and equipment 
was $648, $704 and $636, respectively. We had unpaid capital expenditures included in accounts payable of $4,049, $4,239 and 
$5,604 at October 31, 2018,  2017 and 2016, respectively, and consequently such amounts are excluded from capital expenditures 
in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows for the fiscal years 2018 and 2017. 

During the fourth quarter of 2018, $6,300 of assets held for sale was reclassed to property, plant and equipment, net, as 

the equipment is no longer being actively marketed for sale. 

50

 
 
         
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Capital Leases:

Leased Property:

Machinery and equipment
Less: Accumulated depreciation

Leased property, net

October 31,

2018

2017

$
$
$

6,701
3,073
3,628

$
$
$

$

$

7,099
2,420
4,679

589
2,051
—
—
—
2,640
219
2,859

Future minimum rental payments to be made under capital leases at October 31, 2018 are as follows:

Twelve Months Ending October 31,
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023

Plus amount representing interest ranging from 3.05% to 3.77%
Total obligations under capital leases

Note 7—Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net 

Goodwill:

In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 350, "Intangibles – Goodwill and Other," goodwill must be reviewed for impairment 
annually, or more frequently if events and circumstances arise that suggest the asset may be impaired. We conduct our review for 
goodwill impairment on September 30 of each year. Goodwill impairment testing is performed at the reporting unit level. The fair 
value is compared to the carrying value including goodwill. If the carrying value exceeds the fair value, then goodwill impairment 
exists. We performed a quantitative assessment at the reporting unit level in 2018 and 2017 and concluded that there was no 
impairment of goodwill in either year. 

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows:

Balance October 31, 2016

Foreign currency translation

Balance October 31, 2017

Foreign currency translation

 Balance October 31, 2018

Intangible Assets:

$

$

27,490
369

27,859
(483)
27,376

The changes in the carrying amount of finite-lived intangible assets for the years ended October 31, 2018 and 2017 are 

as follows:

51

 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Balance October 31, 2016

Amortization expense

Foreign currency translation

Balance October 31, 2017

Acquisitions

Amortization expense

Foreign currency translation

Customer
Relationships
$

12,975 $

(1,332)

5

11,648

—

(1,332)

(5)

Balance October 31, 2018

$

10,311 $

Developed
Technology

Non-Compete

Trade Name

Trademark

Total

2,768 $
(771)
—

1,997

2,328
(751)
(170)
3,404 $

47 $
(16)
—

31

—
(16)
—

1,377 $
(123)
—

1,254

—
(123)
—

112 $
(17)
—

95

—
(17)
—

15 $

1,131 $

78 $

17,279
(2,259)
5

15,025

2,328
(2,239)
(175)
14,939

Intangible assets are amortized on the straight-line method over their legal or estimated useful lives.  The following 

summarizes the gross carrying value and accumulated amortization for each major class of intangible assets:

Customer relationships

Developed technology

Non-compete

Trade name

Trademark

Total intangible assets

Customer relationships

Developed technology

Non-compete

Trade name

Trademark

Total intangible assets

October 31, 2018

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Life (years)

Gross
Carrying Value
Net of Foreign
Currency

Accumulated
Amortization

7.9

9.8

0.9

9.2

4.8

$

17,564

$

7,165

824

1,875

166

$

27,594

$

(7,253)
(3,761)
(809)
(744)
(88)
(12,655)

$

Net

10,311

3,404

15

1,131

78

$

14,939

October 31, 2017

Gross
Carrying Value
Net of Foreign
Currency

Accumulated
Amortization

$

17,569

$

5,007

824

1,875

166

$

25,441

$

(5,921)
(3,010)
(793)
(621)
(71)
(10,416)

$

Net

11,648

1,997

31

1,254

95

$

15,025

52

 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Total  amortization  expense  for  the  years  ended  October 31,  2018,  2017  and  2016  was  $2,372,  $2,259  and  $2,258, 
respectively.  A favorable lease asset of $1,458 was acquired as part of the Brabant acquisitions in fiscal 2018 with a 7 year useful 
life. Amortization expense of $133 for this asset is included in amortization for fiscal 2018 of intangible assets and the balance of 
$1,217 is included within other assets. Amortization expense related to intangible assets and the favorable lease asset for the 
following fiscal years ending is estimated to be as follows:

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

Thereafter

Note 8—Financing Arrangements

Debt consists of the following:

$

2,079

2,064

2,064

2,064

2,060

5,825

$

16,156

October 31,

2018

2017

Credit Agreement —interest at 4.59% and 3.88% at October 31, 2018 and October 31, 2017,
respectively

$

243,300

$

178,200

Equipment security note

Capital lease obligations

Insurance broker financing agreement

Total debt

Less: Current debt

Total long-term debt

—

2,640

738

246,678

1,327

482

3,760

650

183,092

2,027

$

245,351

$

181,065

At October 31, 2018, we had total debt, excluding capital leases, of $244,038, consisting of a revolving line of credit 
under the Credit Agreement of floating rate debt of $243,300, which considers interest rate swap arrangements in Note 12 and 
fixed rate debt of $738. The weighted average interest rate of all debt was 3.91% and 4.51% for fiscal years 2018 and 2017, 
respectively.

Revolving Credit Facility:

The Company and its subsidiaries are party to a Credit Agreement, dated October 25, 2013, as amended (the "Credit 
Agreement") with Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender, Dutch Swing Line Lender and L/C Issuer, 
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as Syndication Agent, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and J.P. Morgan Securities, 
LLC as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Book Managers, The PrivateBank and Trust Company, Compass Bank and The Huntington 
National Bank, N.A., as Co-Documentation Agents and the other lender parties thereto. 

On October 31, 2017, we executed the Eighth Amendment which among other things: provides for an aggregate availability 
of $350,000, $275,000 of which is available to the Company through the Tranche A Facility and $75,000 of which is available to 
the Dutch borrower through the Tranche B Facility, and eliminates the scheduled reductions in such availability. The amendment 
increases the aggregate amount of incremental commitment increases allowed under the Credit Agreement to up to $150,000
subject to our pro forma compliance with financial covenants, the Administrative Agent’s approval and the Company obtaining 
commitments for any such increase. The Amendment extended the commitment period to October 31, 2022.

53

 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

On July 31, 2017, we executed the Seventh Amendment which modifies investments in subsidiaries and various cumulative 
financial covenant thresholds, in each case, under the Credit Agreement. The Seventh Amendment also enhances our ability to 
take advantage of customer supply chain finance programs. 

On October 28, 2016, we executed the Sixth Amendment which increases the permitted consolidated leverage ratio for 
periods beginning after July 31, 2016, increases the permitted consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio for periods beginning after 
April 30, 2017, modifies various baskets related to sale of accounts receivable, disposition of assets, sale-leaseback transactions 
and makes other ministerial updates.

On October 30, 2015, we executed the Fifth Amendment which increased the permitted leverage ratio with periodic 
reductions beginning after July 30, 2016.  In addition, the Fifth Amendment permitted various investments as well as up to $40,000
aggregate outstanding principal amount of subordinated indebtedness, subject to certain conditions.  Finally, the Fifth Amendment 
provided for a consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio, and provided for up to $50,000 of capital expenditures by the Company 
and our subsidiaries throughout the year ending October 31, 2016, subject to certain quarterly baskets.

On April 29, 2015, we executed the Fourth Amendment to the Credit Agreement that maintained the commitment period 
of September 29, 2019 and allowed for an incremental increase of $25,000 (or if certain ratios are met, $100,000) to the original 
revolving commitments of $360,000, subject to our pro forma compliance with financial covenants, the administrative agent's 
approval, and the Company obtaining commitments for such increase. 

The Fourth Amendment included scheduled commitment reductions beginning after January 30, 2016 totaling $30,000, 
allocated proportionately between the Aggregate Revolving A and B commitments.  On April 30, 2016, the first committed reduction 
of $5,000 decreased the existing revolving commitment to $355,000, subject to our pro forma compliance with financial covenants.

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest, at our option, at LIBOR or the base (or "prime") rate established 
from time to time by the administrative agent, in each case plus an applicable margin.  The Fifth Amendment provides for an 
interest rate margin on LIBOR loans of 1.5% to 3.0% and of 0.50% to 2.0% on base rate loans depending on our leverage ratio. 

The  Credit  Agreement  contains  customary  restrictive  and  financial  covenants,  including  covenants  regarding  our 
outstanding  indebtedness  and  maximum  leverage  and  interest  coverage  ratios. The  Credit Agreement  also  contains  standard 
provisions relating to conditions of borrowing. In addition, the Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, including 
the non-payment of obligations by the Company and the bankruptcy of the Company. If an event of default occurs, all amounts 
outstanding under the Credit Agreement may be accelerated and become immediately due and payable.  We were in compliance 
with the financial covenants as of October 31, 2018 and October 31, 2017.

After considering letters of credit of  $5,656 that we have issued, unused commitments under the Credit Agreement were 

$101,044 at October 31, 2018.

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are collateralized by a first priority security interest in substantially all of the 

tangible and intangible property of the Company and our domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the stock of foreign subsidiaries.

Other Debt:

On August 1, 2018, we entered into a finance agreement with an insurance broker for various insurance policies that 
bears interest at a fixed rate of 2.05% and requires monthly payments of $94 through May 2019.  As of October 31, 2018, $738
of principal remained outstanding under this agreement and was classified as current debt in our consolidated balance sheets.

We maintain capital leases for equipment used in our manufacturing facilities with lease terms expiring between 2019

and 2020.  As of October 31, 2018, the present value of minimum lease payments under our capital leases was $2,640.

54

 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Scheduled repayments of debt for the next five years are listed below:  

Twelve Months Ending October 31,

Credit
Agreement

Capital Lease
Obligations

Other Debt

Total

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

Total

$

— $

—

—

243,300

—

589

$

2,051

—

—

—

738

$

—

—

—

—

1,327

2,051

—

243,300

—

$

243,300

$

2,640

$

738

$

246,678

Note 9—Operating Leases 

  We lease buildings, material handling, manufacturing and office equipment under operating leases with terms that range 
from one to fifteen years at inception. The leases do not include step rent provisions, escalation clauses, capital improvement 
funding or other lease concessions that qualify the leases as a contingent rental. Also, the leases do not include a variable related 
to a published index. Our operating leases are charged to expense over the lease term, on a straight-line basis. 

  The longest lease term of our current leases extends to May, 2033. Rent expense under operating leases for fiscal years 

2018, 2017 and 2016 was $14,243, $11,147 and $9,544, respectively. 

Future minimum lease payments under operating leases are as follows at October 31, 2018:  

2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
Thereafter
Total commitments under non-cancelable operating leases

$

$

13,158
11,402
8,784
5,207
3,283
12,307
54,141

55

SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Note 10—Employee Benefit Plans 

We maintain pension plans, which are frozen, covering our eligible employees. We also provide an unfunded postretirement 
health care benefit plan for 12 retirees and their dependents. The measurement date for our employee benefit plans coincides with 
our fiscal year end. 

Obligations and Funded Status of U.S. Plans at October 31 

Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
Interest cost
Actuarial gain
Benefits paid
Benefit obligation at end of year
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year
Actual return on plan assets
Employer contributions
Benefits paid
Fair value of plan assets at end of year
Funded status, benefit obligations in excess of plan assets

Pension Benefits

Other Post Retirement
Benefits

2018

2017

2018

2017

$ (89,063)
(3,166)
7,849
4,482
(79,898)

69,215
468
445
(4,482)
65,646
$ (14,252)

$ (90,784)
(3,282)
576
4,427
(89,063)

64,458
9,184
—
(4,427)
69,215
$ (19,848)

$

$

(313)
(11)
12
29
(283)

—
—
29
(29)
—
(283)

$ (372)
(13)
28
44
(313)

—
—
44
(44)
—
$ (313)

  The above amounts are recorded in the liabilities section of the consolidated balance sheets as follows:  

Other accrued expenses (1)
Long-term benefit liabilities
Total

Pension Benefits

Other Post Retirement
Benefits

2018

2017

2018

2017

$

— $

— $

(14,252)
$ (14,252)

(19,848)
$ (19,848)

$

(39)
(244)
(283)

$

$

(38)
(275)
(313)

(1) As pension assets exceed expected benefit payments over the next year, liabilities for the pension plan are considered long-term.

Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost
U.S. Plans

Pension Benefits

Other Post Retirement Benefits

2018

2017

2016

2018

2017

2016

Interest cost

$

3,166

$

Expected return on plan assets

Amortization of net actuarial loss

Net periodic benefit cost

(3,357)

1,311

1,120

$

3,282
(3,455)
1,508

$

3,566
(4,568)
1,239

$

$

1,335

$

237

$

56

11

—

7

18

$

$

$

13

—

10

23

16

—

12

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

We expect to recognize in the consolidated statements of operations the following amounts that will be amortized from 

accumulated other comprehensive loss in fiscal 2019. 

Amortization of net actuarial loss

Pension Benefits
1,150
$

$

Other
Post Retirement
Benefits

6

We have recognized the following cumulative pre-tax actuarial losses, prior service costs and transition obligations in 

accumulated other comprehensive loss: 

Net actuarial loss

Recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss

Additional Information on U.S. Plans

Pension Benefits

Other Post Retirement
Benefits

2018

2017

2018

2017

$ 37,710

$ 43,982

$ 37,710

$ 43,982

$

$

64

64

$

$

84

84

Pension Benefits

Other Post Retirement
Benefits

2018

2017

2018

2017

Increase (decrease) in minimum liability included in other comprehensive
income (loss)

$ (6,272)

$ (7,813)

$

(20)

$

(38)

Assumptions for U.S. Plans:

Weighted-average assumptions used
to determine benefit obligations at October 31

Discount rate

Pension Benefits

Other Post Retirement Benefits

2018

4.35%

2017

3.65%

2016

3.70%

2018

4.35%

2017

3.65%

2016

3.70%

Pension Benefits

Other Post Retirement Benefits

Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net
periodic benefit costs for years ended October 31 
Discount rate
Expected long-term return on plan assets

2018
3.65%
6.50%

2017
3.70%
6.50%

2016
4.20%
7.50%

2018
3.65%
—

2017
3.70%
—

2016
3.70%
—

These assumptions are used to develop the projected obligation at fiscal year end and to develop net periodic benefit cost 
for  the  subsequent  fiscal  year. Therefore,  for  fiscal  2018,  the  assumptions  used  to  determine  net  periodic  benefit  costs  were 
established at October 31, 2017, while the assumptions used to determine the benefit obligations were established at October 31, 
2018 

We use the Principal Pension Discount Yield Curve ("Principal Curve") for the U.S. Plans as the basis for determining 
the discount rate for reporting pension and retiree medical liabilities.  The Principal Curve has several advantages to other methods, 
including: transparency of construction, lower statistical errors and continuous forward rates for all years. 

    We determine the annual rate of return on the U.S. Plan pension assets by first analyzing the composition of its asset 
portfolio. Historical rates of return are applied to the portfolio. Our outside investment advisors and actuaries review the computed 
rate of return. Industry comparables and other outside guidance are also considered in the annual selection of the expected rates 

57

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

of return on pension assets. The long-term expected rate of return on plan assets takes into account years with exceptional gains 
and years with exceptional losses. 

Assumed health care trend rates

Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate

October 31,

2018

7.0%
4.5%
2027

2017

7.0%
4.5%
2026

Assumed healthcare cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the healthcare plan. Our trend 
rate was based on reduced health care claims experienced by a small and declining retiree population.  A one-percentage point 
change in assumed healthcare cost trend rates would have the following effects at October 31, 2018: 

Effect on total of service and interest cost components
Effect on post retirement obligation

Plan Assets - U.S. Plan Assets

One-
Percentage
Point Increase 

One-
Percentage
Point Decrease 

$
$

3
19

$
$

(2)
(17)

We have established a targeted asset allocation percentage by asset category that rebalances the assets of each U.S. plan 
when pension contributions are funded. Our pension plan weighted-average asset allocations at October 31, 2018 and 2017, by 
asset category and comparison to the target allocation percentage are as follows: 

Asset Category
Equity securities
Debt securities
Real estate
Total

Target
Allocation
Percentage 

 30-70%
 30-70%
0-10%

Plan Assets at October 31,

2018

59%
35%
6%
100%

2017

60%
34%
6%
100%

Our investment policy for assets of the U.S. plans is to obtain a reasonable long-term return consistent with the level of 
risk assumed. We also seek to control the cost of funding the plans within prudent levels of risk through the investment of plan 
assets and we seek to provide diversification of assets in an effort to avoid the risk of large losses and to maximize the return to 
the plans consistent with market and economic risk. 

Fair Value

The plans' investments are reported at fair value.  Purchases and sale of securities are recorded on a trade-date basis.  

Dividends are recorded on the ex-dividend date.

FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ("FASB ASC 820"), clarifies that fair value is an exit 
price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between 
market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based upon assumptions that 
market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, FASB ASC 820 establishes 
a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:  

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the plans have the ability to 
access as of the measurement date.

58

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or 
liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by 
observable market data. 

Level  3:  Significant  unobservable  inputs  that  reflect  the  plans'  own  assumptions  about  the  assumptions  that  market 
participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

An asset’s or liability’s fair value measurement level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any 
input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Valuation techniques used need to maximize the use of observable inputs 
and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. 

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on one or more of the following three valuation techniques noted 

in FASB ASC 820:  

•  Market  approach:  Prices  and  other  relevant  information  generated  by  market  transactions  involving  identical  or 

comparable assets or liabilities. 

•  Cost approach: Amount that would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset (replacement cost). 

• 

Income approach: Techniques to convert future amounts to a single present amount based upon market expectations 
(including present value techniques, option-pricing and excess earnings models).

The following descriptions of the valuation methods and assumptions used by the plans to estimate the fair values of 

investments apply to investments held directly by the plans.  

Mutual  funds:   The  fair  values  of  mutual fund  investments are  determined by  obtaining  quoted  prices  on  nationally 

recognized securities exchanges (level 1 inputs).

Pooled separate accounts:  The fair values of participation units held in pooled separate accounts are based on their net 
asset values, as reported by the managers of the pooled separate accounts as supported by the unit prices of actual purchase and 
sale transactions occurring as of or close to the financial statement date (level 2 inputs).  A fund sponsored by Principal Financial 
Group, investment and actuarial advisors of the Company, each of the pooled separate accounts invests in multiple securities.   
Each pooled separate account provides for daily redemptions by the plans with no advance notice requirements, and has redemption 
prices that are determined by the fund's net asset value per unit. 

The methods described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or 
reflective of future fair values.  Furthermore, while we believe our valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other 
market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments 
could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.

59

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Investments totaling $65,646 at October 31, 2018 and $69,215 at October 31, 2017 measured at fair value on a recurring 

basis are summarized below: 

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

October 31, 2018

October 31, 2017

Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Market
Valuation
Technique

Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Market
Valuation
Technique

Plan Assets
Measured at
Net Asset
Value

Plan Assets
Measured at
Net Asset
Value

$

14,269

$

5,131

$

16,778

$

6,381

7,540

10,062

—

18,963

—

601

—

754

4,144

4,182

8,340

9,169

—

18,876

—

694

—

314

4,513

4,150

$

50,834

$

14,812

$

53,163

$

16,052

U.S. Plans

Investments

Equity

Large U.S. Equity

Small/Mid U.S. Equity

International Equity

Fixed Income

Money Market

Corporate

Real Estate (Primarily Commercial)

Total Investments

Cash Flows 

 Contributions 

We expect to contribute $1,620 to our U.S. pension plan in fiscal 2019.  We contributed $445 to fund the plan in fiscal 

2018.  

Estimated Future Benefit Payments 

The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid by the 

plans: 

2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023-2026

Pension Benefits
5,040
$
4,290
4,230
4,800
4,930
24,940

$

Other Benefits
$ 39
39
27
26
24
$ 97

60

 
 
      
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Non-U.S. Plans

For our Swedish operations, the majority of the pension obligations are covered by insurance policies with insurance 
companies.  Pension commitments in our Polish operations were $1,081 at the end of fiscal 2018 and $1,008 at the end of fiscal 
2017.  The liability represents the present value of future obligations and is calculated on an actuarial basis. The Polish operations 
recognized expense of $215, $148 and $162 for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

The insurance contracts guarantee a minimum rate of return. We have no input into the investment strategy of the assets 

underlying the contracts, but they are typically heavily invested in active bond markets and are highly regulated by local law. 

Defined Contribution Plans 

In addition to the defined benefit plans described above, we maintain a number of defined contribution plans for our U.S. 
locations. Under the terms of the plans, eligible employees may contribute a selected percentage of their base pay. We match a 
percentage of the employees' contributions up to a stated percentage, subject to statutory limitations. We recorded an expense 
related to the matching program for the fiscal years ended 2018, 2017 and 2016 of $5,307, $4,310 and $3,959, respectively.

Labor Agreements

As of October 31, 2018, we had approximately 4,200 employees. Organized labor unions represent 17% of the Company's 

U.S. hourly employees and 99% of the Company's non-U.S. employees. 

Each of our unionized manufacturing facilities has its own labor agreement with its own expiration date.  As a result, no 

contract expiration date affects more than one facility. 

61

 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Note 11—Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following table provides additional details of the amounts recognized into net earnings from accumulated other 

comprehensive loss, net of tax: 

Pension and Post
Retirement Plan
Liability (1)

Marketable
Securities
Adjustment

Interest Rate
Swap
Adjustment (2)

Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustment (3)

(466) $
29

(3,112) $
392

(20,225) $
7,156

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
(56,462)
13,910

Balance at October 31, 2016

$

(32,659) $

Other comprehensive income, net of tax

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
comprehensive loss, net of tax

Net current-period other comprehensive
income

6,333

(1,521)

4,812

435

464

Balance at October 31, 2017

$

(27,847) $

(2) $

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of 
tax

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other 
comprehensive loss, net of tax
Net current-period other comprehensive 
income (loss)

Reclassification to retained earnings (4)

(124)

4,972

4,848

(6,138)

Balance at October 31, 2018

$

(29,137) $

(131)

122

(9)
(7)
(18) $

1,401

—

315

1,793
(1,319) $

7,156
(13,069) $

14,225
(42,237)

864

772

(8,810)

(8,201)

—

5,866

1,636
(213)
104

$

(8,810)
—
(21,879) $

(2,335)
(6,358)
(50,930)

(1) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax are classified with manufacturing expenses included in cost of goods 

sold on the statements of operations. 

(2) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income loss, net of tax are classified with interest expense included on the statements 

of operations. 

(3)  The net investment derivative instrument is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss and reclassified to income in the same period 

when a gain or loss related to that net investment in foreign operation is included in income. 

(4)  During  fiscal  2018,  the  Company  early  adopted  the  ASU  2018-02,  "Income  Statement  -  Reporting  Comprehensive  Income  (Topic  220): 
Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income." As a result, the stranded tax effects resulting from the TCJA enacted in 
December 2017 were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings. 

Note 12—Derivatives and Financial Instruments

The Company is exposed to, among other risks, the impact of changes in commodity prices, foreign currency exchange 
rates and interest rates in the normal course of business. The Company’s risk management program is designed to manage the 
exposure and volatility arising from these risks, and utilizes derivative financial instruments to offset a portion of these risks. The 
Company  does  not  enter  into  derivative  financial  instruments  for  trading  or  speculative  purposes.  On  an  on-going  basis,  the 
Company monitors counterparty credit ratings. The Company considers credit non-performance risk to be low because the Company 
enters into agreements with commercial institutions that have an investment grade credit rating.

During the first quarter of 2018, the Company early-adopted ASU 2017-02 "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815)" which 
was issued with the objective of improving the financial reporting of hedging relationships to better portray the economic results 
of an entity's risk management activities in its financial statements and to make certain targeted improvements to simplify the 
application of previously applicable hedge accounting guidance. This adoption did not have a material effect on our consolidated 
financial statements, and did not result in any cumulative adjustment to equity as of the date of adoption. 

Our derivatives consist of a cross-currency swap and an interest rate swap, all of which are over-the-counter and not 
traded through an exchange. The Company uses widely accepted valuation tools to determine fair value, such as discounting cash 
flows to calculate a present value for the derivatives. The models use Level 2 inputs, such as forward curves and other commonly 
quoted observable transactions and prices. The fair value of our derivatives and hedging instruments are all classified as Level 2 
investments within the three-tier hierarchy.

62

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

On March 1, 2018, we entered into a cross-currency swap in which we settle interest on the notional amount in Euros 
and settle interest on the notional amount in dollars, both at a variable rate.  The objective of the transaction is to protect the initial 
net investment in Brabant against adverse changes in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Euro. Hedge effectiveness 
is assessed based upon changes in the spot foreign exchange rate.  As such, the change in value of the cross-currency interest rate 
swap related to the change in spot rates is perfectly effective at offsetting changes in cumulative translation adjustment related to 
the portion of our net investment in Brabant up to the notional amount of the cross-currency interest rate swap.  

Under the cross-currency interest rate swap, we received €53,000 , on which we will settle interest at the 1-month Euribor 
rate, and we lent to the counterparty $64,930, on which we will settle interest at the 1-month LIBOR rate. Interest payments will 
be made at the end of every month. The notional amounts in the respective currencies exchanged at the beginning of the cross-
currency interest rate swap period will be repaid at the end of the cross-currency interest rate swap period on October 31, 2022.

On February 25, 2014, we entered into an interest rate swap with an aggregate notional amount of $75,000 designated 
as a cash flow hedge to manage interest rate exposure on our floating rate LIBOR based debt under the Credit Agreement.  The 
interest rate swap is an agreement to exchange payment streams based on the notional principal amount. This agreement fixes our 
future interest rate at 2.74% plus the applicable margin as provided in the Fifth Amendment discussed in Note 9 - Financing 
Arrangements, on an amount of our debt principal equal to the then-outstanding swap notional amount.  The forward interest rate 
swap  commenced  on  March  1,  2015  with  an  initial  $25,000  base  notional  amount.   The  second  notional  amount  of  $25,000
commenced on September 1, 2015 and the final notional amount of $25,000 commenced on March 1, 2016.  The base notional 
amount plus each incremental addition to the base notional amount has a five year maturity of February 29, 2020, August 31, 2020 
and February 28, 2021, respectively.  On the date the interest swap was entered into, we designated the interest rate swap as a 
hedge of the variability of cash flows to be paid relative to our variable rate monies borrowed. Any ineffectiveness in the hedging 
relationship is recognized immediately into earnings.  

The following table discloses the fair value and balance sheet location of our derivative instruments:

 Asset (Liability) Derivatives

Balance Sheet Location

October 31, 2018

October 31, 2017

Net Investment Hedging Instruments:

Cross-currency interest rate swap contract

Other assets

Cash Flow Hedging Instruments:

Interest rate swap contracts

Other assets
(Other liabilities)

$

$

4,432 $

—

135 $

(2,088)

As a result of the hedging relationships being highly effective, the net interest payments accrued each period are reflected 
in net income (loss) as adjustments of interest expense, and the remaining change in the fair value of the derivatives is recognized 
in accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCI"). 

Derivative activity is included in interest expense and cash paid for interest. The following table presents the effect of 

our derivative instruments on the consolidated statements of operations and the effects of hedging on those line items:

Location

Interest expense

Effect of hedging on interest expense

Location

Interest expense

Effect of hedging on interest expense

63

Year Ended
October 31, 2018

11,343
(205)

Year Ended
October 31, 2017

15,088

1,402

$

$

$

$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Note 13—Fair Value Financial Instruments

The methods that we use may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective 
of future fair values.  Furthermore, while we believe our valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market 
participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could 
result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.

Assets and liabilities remeasured and disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis at October 31, 2018 and 2017 are set 

forth in the table below:

October 31, 2017

Interest Rate Swap Contracts

Marketable Securities

October 31, 2018

Cross-Currency Interest Rate Swap

Interest Rate Swap Contracts

Marketable Securities

Asset
(Liability)

Level 1

Level 2

Valuation
Technique

$

$

(2,088) $
194

4,432

135

21

$

— $

(2,088)

Income Approach

194

—

—

21

— Market Approach

4,432

135

Income Approach

Income Approach

$

— Market Approach

We calculate the fair value of our cross-currency and interest rate swap contracts using quoted interest rate curves to 

calculate forward values and then discount the forward values. 

The discount rates for all derivative contracts are based on quoted swap interest rates or bank deposit rates. For contracts 
which, when aggregated by counterparty, are in a liability position, the rates are adjusted by the credit spread that market participants 
would apply if buying these contracts from our counterparties.

We calculate the fair value of our marketable securities by using the closing stock price on the last business day of the 

quarter.   

Note 14—Stock Incentive Compensation 

Stock Incentive Compensation requires us to expense share-based payment awards granted. Compensation cost for share-
based payments transactions are measured at fair value. For stock options, we use the simplified method of calculating the expected 
term and historical volatility to compute fair value under the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The risk-free rate for periods 
within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. zero coupon Treasury yield in effect at the time of grant. New restricted 
stock and restricted stock units grants are valued at the closing market price of our common stock on the date of grant. We do not 
estimate a forfeiture rate at the time of grant. Instead, we to recognize share-based compensation expense when actual forfeitures 
occur.

2016 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan

Long-Term/Annual Incentives

On March 9, 2016, stockholders approved and adopted the 2016 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan ("2016 Plan") 
which  replaced  the Amended  and  Restated  1993  Key  Employee  Stock  Incentive  Program.    The  2016  Plan  authorizes  the 
Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company to grant to officers and other key employees of the Company 
and our subsidiaries (i) option rights, (ii) appreciation rights, (iii) restricted shares, (iv) restricted stock units, (v) cash incentive 
awards, performance shares and performance units and (vi) other awards. An aggregate of 1,500,000 shares of common stock, 
subject to adjustment upon occurrence of certain events to prevent dilution or expansion of the rights of participants that might 
otherwise result from the occurrence of such events, was reserved for issuance pursuant to the Incentive Plan. An individual’s 
award of options and / or appreciation rights is limited to 500,000 shares during any calendar year.  Also, an individual's award of 
restricted shares, restricted share units and performance based awards is limited to 350,000 shares during any calendar year.

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

The following table summarizes the Company's Incentive Plan activity during the years ended October 31, 2018, 2017

and 2016: 

Stock Options

Restricted Stock

Restricted Stock Units

Outstanding at:

Options

November 1, 2015

Granted
Options exercised or
restricted stock vested
Forfeited or expired

October 31, 2016

Granted
Options exercised or
restricted stock vested
Forfeited or expired
October 31, 2017

Granted
Options exercised or
restricted stock vested
Forfeited or expired

October 31, 2018

91

—

—

(1)

90

—

(8)
(24)
58

—

(17)

(8)

33

Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life

$9.70

4.10

—

—

12.04

$9.67

—

9.79
13.38
$8.16

—

4.09

12.04

$9.42

3.04

2.53

1.84

Restricted
Shares

Grant
Fair
Value

124

312

$13.77

4.30

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life

2.28

(54)
(6)
376

247

(174)
(8)
441

316

(225)

(54)
478

16.53

5.71

$6.11

7.94

6.11
9.57
$7.07

8.18

7.80

7.13

$7.45

1.83

1.60

1.87

Restricted
Share Units

Grant
Fair
Value

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life

—

22

—

—

22

29

(14)
(1)
36

18

(15)

(12)
27

—

4.17

—

—

4.17

$8.62

4.17
7.06
$7.69

7.90

8.30

6.18

$8.17

1.46

1.82

1.37

We recorded stock compensation expense related to restricted stock and restricted stock units during the fiscal years 

ended October 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 as follows:

Restricted stock

Restricted stock units

Total

2018

2017

2016

1,863

121

1,583

115

$

1,984

$

1,698

$

1,035

37

1,072

65

 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Stock Options

The exercise price of each stock option equals the market price of our common stock on its grant date. Compensation 
expense is recorded at the grant date fair value, adjusted for forfeitures as they occur and is recognized on a straight-line basis 
over the applicable vesting period.  Our stock options generally vest over three years, with a maximum term of ten years. There 
was  zero stock compensation expense related to stock options in fiscal 2018, 2017 or 2016. Stock options were not granted during 
fiscal years 2018, 2017 and 2016. 

Cash received from the exercise of options for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2018 and 2017 was $73 and $78, 
respectively. Stock options were not exercised during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2016. At October 31, 2018, the options 
outstanding and exercisable had an intrinsic value of $42.  Options that have an exercise price greater than the market price on 
October 31, 2018 were excluded from the intrinsic value computation. The intrinsic value of options exercised during fiscal 2018
and 2017 was $94 and $40, respectively. 

The following table provides additional information regarding options outstanding as of October 31, 2018:

Exercise Prices

Options Outstanding

Exercise Price of Options
Outstanding and Options
Exercisable

Options Exercisable

Weighted Average Remaining
Contractual Life

$5.30

$12.04

$8.10

Totals

10,000

18,000

4,500

32,500

Restricted Stock Awards

$5.30

$12.04

$8.10

10,000

18,000

4,500

32,500

0.78

2.11

3.11

New restricted stock grants are valued at the closing market price of our common stock on the grant date.  Compensation 
expense is recorded at the grant date fair value, adjusted for forfeitures as they occur and is recognized over the applicable vesting 
periods.  The vesting periods range between one to three years. As of October 31, 2018, there was $2,319 of total unrecognized 
compensation costs related to these restricted stock awards to be recognized over the next three fiscal years.

Restricted Stock Units

New restricted stock unit grants are valued at the closing market price of our common stock on the grant date.  Compensation 
expense is recorded at the grant date fair value, adjusted for forfeitures as they occur and is recognized over the applicable vesting 
periods.  The vesting periods range between one to three years. As of October 31, 2018, there was $126 of total unrecognized 
compensation expense related to these restricted stock units that is expected to be recognized over the next three fiscal years.

66

 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Note 15—Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted 
average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. In addition, the shares of common stock issuable pursuant 
to restricted stock units and stock options outstanding under the 2016 Plan are included in the diluted earnings per share calculation 
to the extent they are dilutive. For the years ended October 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, 80, 68 and 53 stock awards were 
excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because they were anti-dilutive. The following is a reconciliation of 
the numerator and denominator of the basic and diluted earnings per share computation for net income (loss) per share:  

Years Ended October 31,
2017

2016

2018

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

Basic weighted average shares

Restricted stock units and stock options

Diluted weighted average shares

Basic earnings (loss) per share

Diluted earnings (loss) per share

Note 16—Income Taxes 

Income (loss) before income taxes consists of the following:  

Domestic
Foreign
      Total

$11,479

$ (697)

$ 3,669

23,229

19,233

17,513

140

—

13

23,369

19,233

17,526

$0.49

$0.49

$(0.04)

$(0.04)

$0.21

$0.21

Years Ended October 31,

2018
(3,635) $
9,895
6,260

$

$

$

2017

2016

4,251
2,172
6,423

$

$

3,917
(5,400)
(1,483)

The components of the provision (benefit) for income taxes from continuing operations were as follows:  

Current:

Federal
State and local
Foreign
Total current
Deferred:

Federal
State and local
Foreign
Total deferred

Provision (benefit)

Years Ended October 31,

2018

2017

2016

$

$

$

1,998
(157)
2,710
4,551

(10,692)
700
222
(9,770)
(5,219) $

66
386
2,494
2,946

856
(329)
3,647
4,174
7,120

$

$

(3,900)
329
1,123
(2,448)

3,289
156
(6,149)
(2,704)
(5,152)

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Net deferred income tax assets (liabilities) included in the consolidated balance sheet consist of the tax effects of temporary 

differences related to the following:  

Deferred tax assets:

Accrued compensation and benefits
Inventory
State depreciation adjustments and loss carryforwards
Pension obligations and post retirement benefits
Net operating losses
Tax credit carryforwards
Other accruals and reserves
Goodwill and intangible amortization
Foreign currency translation
Interest rate swap
 Total deferred tax assets
Less: Valuation allowance
Net deferred tax assets
  Deferred tax liabilities:
Fixed assets
Prepaid expenses and other

Net deferred tax (liability) asset

Change in net deferred tax asset:

Years Ended October 31,

2018

2017

$

1,405
424
5,309
3,053
26,695
5,958
2,889
3,331
116
—
49,180
(24,051)
$ 25,129

$

1,793
1,721
4,213
7,432
8,851
248
2,822
6,269
30
771
34,150
(9,401)
$ 24,749

$ (20,631) $ (26,742)
(835)
$ (2,828)

(1,727)
2,771

$

Benefit (provision) for deferred taxes
Acquisitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Currency translation adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

9,769
(872)
(347)

$ (4,174)
—
453

Components of other comprehensive income (loss):

Defined benefit pension plans & other post-retirement benefits
Marketable securities
Derivatives and hedging
Other adjustments
       Total change in net deferred tax asset

(1,442)
10
(588)
(931)
5,599

(3,001)
(250)
(1,151)
55
$ (8,068)

$

As required by FASB ASC Topic 740, we recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining 
that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not 
threshold, the amount recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of 
being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority.  

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

  Activities and balances of unrecognized tax benefits for 2018, 2017 and 2016 are summarized below: 

Balance at beginning of year
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year
Additions for tax positions of prior years
Reductions for tax positions of prior years
Reductions as result of lapse of applicable statute of limitations
Balance at end of year

Years Ended October 31,

2018

2017

2016

$

540
747
1,079
(68)
(112)
$ 2,186

$

$

561
88
9
—
(118)
540

$

$

731
48
—
(53)
(165)
561

The U.S. Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") has challenged the Company’s application of the U.S. R&D credit qualification 
rules and proposed disallowances of the majority of fiscal year 2012 and fiscal year 2013 credits claimed. This tax credit matter 
is principally related to what types of activities and related expenses qualify for the credit. We filed a petition in the U.S. Tax Court 
on October 22, 2018, disputing the R&D credit adjustments proposed by the IRS. Although the current reserves for the matter 
recognize the probability of a loss, we believe we will substantially prevail such that the ultimate resolution of the matter will not 
materially impact our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. With any tax controversy and litigation, however, 
there is a chance of unforeseen loss which, due to the number of years involved could materially impact our results, financial 
position and cash flows. As of October 31, 2018 the total amounts related to the unreserved portion of the tax contingency, inclusive 
of any related interest is $6,565. We have assessed the likelihood that the majority of such amount would ultimately result in a 
loss as remote. We routinely assess tax matters as to the probability of incurring a loss and record our best estimate of the ultimate 
loss in situations where we assess the likelihood of an ultimate loss as probable.

During the year, the company changed its estimate of the amount for fiscal 2017 and 2018 U.S. credits. It was eligible 
to make a claim for qualified incremental Research & Development ("R&D") activities. Due to the analysis of extensive detailed 
documentation regarding the qualification rules of U.S. activities and related expenses, the amounts eligible for the credit in fiscal 
2017 and expenses expected to qualify in  fiscal 2018 increased. As a result, the increase in credits claimed resulted in an increased 
tax benefit. The result of this change in estimate for the twelve months ended October 31, 2018 was a tax benefit of $4,873.

The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective rate was $2,110 at October 31, 
2018 and $355 at October 31, 2017.  We recognize interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as part of 
income tax expense. We recognized $125 of expense in 2018, $102 of benefit in 2017 and $218 of benefit in 2016 for interest and 
penalties. We had accrued $536 at October 31, 2018 and $411 at October 31, 2017 for the payment of interest and penalties. 

We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state, local and foreign jurisdictions. Tax 
regulations within each jurisdiction are subject to the interpretation of the related tax laws and regulations and require significant 
judgment to apply. With few exceptions, we are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local income tax examinations by tax 
authorities for the years ending prior to October 31, 2012 and no longer subject to non-U.S. income tax examinations for calendar 
years ending prior to December 31, 2011.  Due to the current U.S. controversy and litigation mentioned above, we are not able to 
anticipate the amount of unrecognized tax benefits that within the next 12 months is likely to change. 

A valuation allowance of $24,051 is recorded as of October 31, 2018 for deferred tax assets whose realization remains 
uncertain. The comparable amount of the valuation allowance at October 31, 2017 was $9,401. The net increase in the valuation 
allowance of $14,650 relates primarily to the Brabant acquisitions. 

We assess both positive and negative evidence when measuring the need for a valuation allowance. A valuation allowance 
is established when there is uncertainty of realizing certain loss carry forwards, other deferred tax assets and foreign tax credits 
in the United States and various foreign jurisdictions. We believe the remaining deferred tax assets will be realizable based on 
projected book income, the reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and available tax planning strategies that would 
be implemented and generate ordinary income in the United States or foreign jurisdictions to realize the deferred tax assets. We 
intend to maintain a valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets until such time that sufficient positive evidence exists 
to support realization of the deferred tax assets. In the event we would be able to realize these deferred tax assets in the future in 
excess of their net recorded amount, an adjustment to the deferred tax assets would increase income in the period the determination 
was made.  Conversely, should we determine that we would not be able to realize all or part of the net deferred tax assets in the 
future, an adjustment to the deferred tax assets would be charged to income in the period such determination was made.

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

A reconciliation of income tax expense / (benefit) is as follows: 

Taxes at U.S. federal statutory rate
State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit
Valuation allowance change
Domestic tax credits
Domestic production activities deduction
Foreign operations
Adjustment of uncertain tax positions

Provision to return adjustment 
Adjustment for tax law change
Other
Total income tax expense (benefit)

Years Ended October 31,

2018
$ 1,461
(321)
674
(3,308)
—
1,188
1,886

2017
$ 2,248
(1,639)
5,749
(803)
(455)
1,182
(83)

$

2016

(519)
65
(5,452)
(930)
(391)
2,240
(173)

(3,355)
(3,966)
522

285
—
636
$ (5,219) $ 7,120

202
—
(194)
$ (5,152)

At October 31, 2018, we had operating loss carry forwards of $190,769 in Sweden, Netherlands, Italy, China, Hong 

Kong, Mexico, the U.S. and certain U.S. states. 

Domestically, we had federal and state net operating loss carry forward benefits. As of October 31, 2018 and 2017, we 

had U.S. federal net operating loss carry forwards benefit of $4,878 and $0. The state and federal net operating loss carry 
forwards will expire between 2019 and 2038.  The table below summarizes the various state and country operating losses, 
credit carry forwards and associated valuation allowances as of October 31, 2018 and 2017.

Jurisdiction

Netherlands

Italy

Sweden

China

Hong Kong

Mexico

U.S. (State)

U.S. Federal

Total

Gross NOL
Carryforward
42,712
$
17,996
24,404
4,442
221
1,693
76,073
23,228
190,769

$

October 31, 2018

NOL Tax
Effected

$

$

10,678
4,319
5,165
1,111
36
508
4,666
4,878
31,361

Valuation
Allowance
10,678
$
4,319
39
1,111
36
508
4,666
—
21,357

$

Gross NOL
Carryforward
3,711
$
—
26,811
2,968
338
4,614
65,247
—
103,689

$

October 31, 2017

NOL Tax
Effected

$

$

742
—
5,898
742
85
1,384
3,711
—
12,562

Valuation
Allowance
742
$
—
43
742
85
1,384
3,711
—
6,707

$

We paid income taxes, net of refunds, of $3,423 in 2018 and $1,780 in 2017. Foreign withholding taxes are not provided 

on undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries because such earnings are not planned to be distributed.

On December 22, 2017, President Trump signed U.S. tax reform legislation.  The legislation had many provisions including 
a change in the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%. The effect of the U.S. income tax rate change was a net tax 
benefit of $3,966. Accounting for the income tax effects of the U.S. tax reform legislation were complete at October 31, 2018.

70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Note 17—Restructuring Charges

During  the  fourth  quarter  of  fiscal  2017,  management  initiated  restructuring  activities  to  consolidate  manufacturing 
facilities, make geographical shifts to place production closer to customer facilities, centralize departments, optimize our product 
plan and capture synergies to establish a more global and scalable organization. Management believes these strategic moves will 
result in a stronger and more agile organization. Restructuring charges in fiscal 2018 were $6,613 and included employee-related 
costs for reductions in force, professional fees and other costs to execute the restructuring activities. Restructuring costs in fiscal 
2017 related primarily to the idling of the Pendergrass facility, including $4,085 of impairment of property, plant and equipment. 
The Pendergrass facility's carrying value of $9,142 is included in other current assets as an asset held for sale. The facility is 
expected to be sold in early fiscal 2019. We have incurred restructuring expenses of  $11,390 to date. We expect to incur additional 
expense of $5,610 over the next fifteen months. Future restructuring actions will depend upon market conditions, customer actions 
and other factors.

The following table presents information about restructuring costs recorded during the fiscal years ended October 31, 

2018 and 2017:

Employee costs

Impairment of fixed assets

Professional and legal costs

Other

October 31, 2018

October 31, 2017

$

$

3,030

$

—

1,731

1,852

6,613

$

392

4,085

270

30

4,777

The following table is a rollforward of the beginning and ending liability balances related to restructuring activities which 

are included in the consolidated balance sheets in other accrued expenses the fiscal year ending October 31, 2018:

Employee costs

Professional and legal costs

Other

Balance as of
October 31, 2017

Restructuring
Expense

Payments

Balance as of 
October 31, 2018

65

270

—

3,030

1,731

1,852

2,728

1,753

1,852

$

335

$

6,613

$

6,333

$

367

248

—

615

71

 
 
 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Note 18—Business Segment Information 

  We conduct our business and report our information as one operating segment and, therefore, disclose one reportable 
segment - Automotive and Commercial Vehicles. Our chief operating decision maker is the executive leadership team, which 
includes certain Vice Presidents, all Senior Vice Presidents and the Chief Executive Officer. This team has the final authority over 
performance assessment and resource allocation decisions.  In determining that one operating segment is appropriate, we considered 
the nature of the business activities and the existence of managers responsible for the operating activities. Customers and suppliers 
are substantially the same in the automotive and commercial vehicle industry.

  Revenues of foreign geographic regions in the table below are attributed to external customers based upon the location 
of the entity recording the sale. These foreign revenues represent 27.0%, 19.5% and 16.7% of total revenues for fiscal years 2018, 
2017 and 2016, respectively. Long-lived assets in the table below consist primarily of property, plant and equipment, net, goodwill 
and intangible assets. 

United States

Europe

Rest of World

Total Company

Revenues

Long-Lived Assets

2018

2017

2016

2018

2017

2016

$

831,782 $

839,013 $

888,164

$ 234,690 $ 235,663 $ 243,225

266,679

41,483

169,398

33,575

143,281

34,389

95,763

28,038

53,569

20,543

48,709

18,672

$ 1,139,944 $ 1,041,986 $ 1,065,834

$ 358,491 $ 309,775 $ 310,606

The foreign currency gain (loss) in the table below is included as a component of other expense, net in the consolidated 

statements of operations. 

Europe

Rest of World

Foreign Currency Gain (Loss)

2018

2017

2016

$

$

(82) $
514 $

(473) $
(622) $

(802)
(772)

The table below details customers that accounted for more than 10% of our revenues in fiscal 2018, 2017 and 2016:

Customer

General Motors

FCA

Revenues

2018

2017

2016

18.8%

15.8%

17.9%

15.0%

18.2%

17.1%

72

 
 
SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC. 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(Continued) 

Note 19—Quarterly Results of Operations (Unaudited) 
   (amounts in thousands except per share data)

The following is a summary of our consolidated quarterly results for each of the fiscal years ended October 31, 2018 and 

2017:

Year Ended October 31, 2018
Net revenues
Gross profit
Operating income (loss)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss) per share basic
Net income (loss) per share diluted
Weighted average number of shares:
     Basic
     Diluted

Year Ended October 31, 2017
Net revenues
Gross profit
Operating income
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss) per share basic
Net income (loss) per share diluted
Weighted average number of shares:
     Basic
     Diluted

First
Quarter
$247,666
27,890
4,571
(3,058)
$4,858
$0.21
$0.21

Second
Quarter
$297,340
31,503
7,279
218
$4,025
$0.17
$0.17

Third
Quarter
$294,883
32,880
7,535
(7,014)
$11,052
$0.47
$0.47

Fourth
Quarter
$300,055
23,822
(879)
4,635
$(8,456)
$(0.36)
$(0.36)

23,107
23,287

23,222
23,357

23,278
23,453

23,309
23,309

First
Quarter
$247,938
24,104
3,328
(76)
$(2,018)
$(0.11)
$(0.11)

Second
Quarter
$273,031
33,504
11,263
2,323
$4,229
$0.24
$0.24

Third
Quarter
$256,847
29,164
7,366
4,439
$(1,982)
$(0.11)
$(0.11)

Fourth
Quarter
$264,170
28,583
3,051
434
$(926)
$(0.04)
$(0.04)

17,720
17,720

17,858
17,888

18,559
18,559

23,055
23,055

Note 20—Commitments and Contingencies 

Litigation 

  A securities class action lawsuit was filed on September 21, 2015 in the United States District Court for the Southern 
District of New York against the Company and certain of our officers. As amended, the lawsuit claimed in part that we issued 
inaccurate information about, among other things, our earnings and income and our internal controls over financial reporting for 
fiscal 2014 and the first and second fiscal quarters of 2015 in violation of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The 
District Court rendered an opinion and order granting the defendants' motion to dismiss the lawsuit on September 19, 2018 and 
the time period for the appeal has expired. 

A shareholder derivative lawsuit was filed on April 1, 2016 in the Court of Common Pleas, Medina County, Ohio against 
the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer and Vice President of Finance and Treasurer and members of our Board of 
Directors. The lawsuit claimed in part that the defendants breached fiduciary duties owed to the Company by failing to exercise 
appropriate oversight over our accounting controls, leading to the accounting issues and the restatement announced in September 
2015. Following the dismissal of the securities class action lawsuit described in the previous paragraph, a Joint Stipulation and 
Order of Dismissal was filed on November 14, 2018 dismissing the shareholder derivative lawsuit without prejudice. 

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In addition, from time to time, we are involved in legal proceedings, claims or investigations that are incidental to the 
conduct of our business. We vigorously defend ourselves against such claims. In future periods, we could be subject to cash costs 
or non-cash charges to earnings if a matter is resolved on unfavorable terms. However, although the ultimate outcome of any legal 
matter cannot be predicted with certainty, based on current information, including assessment of the merits of the particular claims, 
we do not expect that our legal proceedings or claims will have a material impact on our future consolidated financial position, 
results of operations or cash flows.

74

 
Item 9. 

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. 

None. 

Item 9A.       Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain a set of disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by 
us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time 
periods specified in SEC rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including 
the  Principal  Executive  Officer  ("PEO"),  Principal  Financial  Officer  ("PFO")  and  Principal Accounting  Officer  ("PAO"),  as 
appropriate to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. An evaluation was performed under the supervision and 
with the participation of our management, including the PEO, PFO and PAO, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of 
our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b) or 15d-15(b), as amended as of October 31, 
2018. Based on their evaluation, our PEO, PFO and PAO have determined that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective 
as of October 31, 2018.

Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as 
such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f), and based upon criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations 
of the Treadway Commission in the 2013 Internal Control - Integrated Framework (the "COSO framework"). Our internal control 
over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of its financial reporting 
and the preparation of the financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP.  

An effective internal control system, no matter how well designed, has inherent limitations, including the possibility of 
human error and circumvention or overriding of controls and therefore can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to 
reliable financial reporting.  Because of its inherent internal control limitations, our internal control over financial reporting may 
not prevent or detect misstatements because of inherent limitations, including the possibility of human error, the circumvention 
or overriding of controls, or fraud.  Effective internal controls can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to the preparation 
and fair presentation of financial statements.  

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our PEO, PFO and PAO, the Company 
conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2018.  Our evaluation 
of internal control over financial reporting did not include the internal controls of entities that were acquired during fiscal 2018. 
Total assets of the acquired businesses (inclusive of acquired intangible assets) represented 12% of our total assets as of October 
31, 2018 and 7% of our total revenues for the year ended October 31, 2018. 

Our management concluded that we maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2018 

based on criteria described in the COSO framework.

Item 9A includes the attestation report of Grant Thornton LLP on Shiloh Industries, Inc.’s internal control over financial 

reporting as of October 31, 2018. 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended October 31, 2018 

that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

75

 
 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Shareholders
Shiloh Industries, Inc.

Opinion on internal control over financial reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Shiloh Industries, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries 
(the "Company") as of October 31, 2018 based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued 
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). In our opinion, the Company maintained, 
in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2018, based on criteria established in 
the 2013 Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by COSO.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) 
(“PCAOB”), the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended October 31, 2018, and our report 
dated December 20, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

Basis for opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment 
of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal 
Control over Financial Reporting (“Management’s Report”). Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal 
control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required 
to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and 
regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material 
respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material 
weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and 
performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable 
basis for our opinion.

Our audit of, and opinion on, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting does not include the internal control over 
financial reporting of the acquired Brabant Alucast entities, whose financial statements reflect total assets and revenues constituting 
12 and 7 percent, respectively, of the related consolidated financial statement amounts as of and for the year ended October 31, 
2018. As indicated in Management’s Report, the Brabant Alucast entities were acquired during 2018. Management’s assertion on 
the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting excluded internal control over financial reporting of 
the acquired entities.  

Definition and limitations of internal control over financial reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted 
accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain 
to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets 
of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial 
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are 
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that 
could have a material effect on the financial statements.

76

Because  of  its  inherent  limitations,  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  may  not  prevent  or  detect  misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because 
of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

Southfield, Michigan
December 20, 2018  

77

 
Item 9B. 

Other Information. 

None. 

PART III 

Item 10.       Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. 

Information with respect to our Board of Directors, as well as information regarding Section 16(a) beneficial ownership 
compliance, is set forth in our definitive Proxy Statement involving the election of certain members of our Board of Directors, 
which will be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after October 31, 2018 ("Proxy Statement"), 
which information is incorporated herein by reference. Information regarding our executive officers is included in Part I hereof 
under "Executive Officers of the Company". The information regarding the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors and the 
information regarding audit committee financial experts and the Audit Committee independence are set forth under the caption 
"Committees of the Board" in our Proxy Statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.

We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to our PEO, PFO and PAO as well as the other officers, directors and 
managers of the Company in accordance with the Marketplace Rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market.  The code of ethics is available 
at our website: www.shiloh.com.

Executive Officers of the Company 

Set forth below is certain information concerning the executive officers of the Company. 

Name

Ramzi Y. Hermiz

Lillian Etzkorn

Gary DeThomas

Age

53

49

55

Years as Executive
Officer
6

—

4

Title

President and Chief Executive Officer

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Vice President Corporate Controller and Principal Accounting Officer

Mr. Hermiz, President and Chief Executive Officer, was appointed by the Board of Directors in September 2012 and 
elected to the Board of Directors in 2013. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Hermiz served since 2009 as Senior Vice President, 
Vehicle Safety and Protection of Federal-Mogul Corporation, a publicly held company that designs, engineers, manufactures and 
distributes technologies to improve fuel economy, reduce emissions and enhance vehicle safety. 

Ms. Etzkorn, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer joined the Company in July 2018. Prior to joining the 
Company, Ms. Etzkorn served since 2017 as Chief Financial Officer at CPI Card Group. Prior to that Ms. Etzkorn was the Vice 
President, Treasurer of Dana Incorporated from September 2011 to January 2017. 

Mr. DeThomas, Vice President Corporate Controller and Principal Accounting Officer, joined the Company in March 
2015 and was appointed to principal accounting officer in September 2015. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. DeThomas was 
Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Floor Care Division at Techtronic Industries. Prior to that, Mr. DeThomas served 
as the Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for King Systems from 2011 until June 2013. 

Item 11. 

Executive Compensation. 

  The information required by this item is set forth in the Proxy Statement, all of which is incorporated herein by reference. 

78

 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 12. 

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

Information with respect to security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management is set forth in the Proxy 

Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference. 

Summary of Equity Compensation Plans 
(Amounts in number of shares and per share data)

Shown below is information concerning all equity compensation plans under which shares of our common stock may be 

issued as of October 31, 2018. 

Plan Category

Equity compensation plans approved by security holders

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders

Total

Equity Compensation Plan Information

Number of 
Securities To 
Be Issued 
Upon Exercise 
of Outstanding 
Options, 
Warrants and 
Rights

32,500

—

32,500

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price of 
Outstanding 
Options, Warrants 
and Rights

Number of Securities
Remaining Available
For Future Issuance
Under Equity
Compensation Plans

$9.42

—

$9.42

672,559

—

672,559

For  additional  information  regarding  the  Company's  equity  compensation  plans,  refer  to  the  discussion  in  Note  14  to 

consolidated financial statements. 

Item 13. 

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

The information required by this item is set forth in the Proxy Statement, all of which is incorporated herein by reference. 

Item 14. 

Principal Accountant Fees and Services. 

The information required by this item is set forth in the Proxy Statement, all of which is incorporated herein by reference. 

79

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 15. 

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

PART IV 

  (a)      The following documents are filed as a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under Item 8. 

1. 

Financial Statements.  

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Balance Sheets at October 31, 2018 and 2017.
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended October 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016.
Consolidated Statements of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended October 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended October 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016.
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended October 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

2. 

Financial  Statement  Schedule.  The  following  consolidated  financial  statement  schedule  of  the  Company  and  its 
subsidiaries and the report of the independent accountant thereon are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-
K and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries 
included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K.  

VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS AND RESERVES 

SCHEDULE II 

Description
Valuation allowance for accounts receivable

Year ended October 31, 2018
Year ended October 31, 2017
Year ended October 31, 2016

Valuation allowance for inventory reserves 

Year ended October 31, 2018
Year ended October 31, 2017
Year ended October 31, 2016

Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets

Year ended October 31, 2018
Year ended October 31, 2017
Year ended October 31, 2016

Balance at
Beginning of
Year

Additions
(Reductions)
Charged to
Costs and
Expenses

Deductions

Foreign
Currency
Adjustment

Acquisitions

Balance at
End of Year

$
$
$

$
$
$

$
$
$

1,271
790
821

5,535
2,946
2,547

9,401
2,782
4,986

$
$
$

$
$
$

$
$
$

$
32
493
$
(10) $

615
24
57

(173) $
$
2,933
$
1,210

1,965
384
802

$
$
$

$
$
$

$
674
$
6,619
(2,204) $

— $
— $
— $

(12) $
$
12
$
36

(280) $
40
$
(9) $

(278) $
— $
— $

— $
— $
— $

— $
— $
— $

676
1,271
790

3,117
5,535
2,946

14,254

$ 24,051
9,401
2,782

— $
— $

Schedules not listed above have been omitted because they are not applicable or are not required or the information required 

to be set forth therein is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto. 

3. Exhibits. The exhibits listed in the accompanying Exhibit Index and required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K (numbered 

in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K) are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

80

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report 

to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

Date: December 20, 2018 

SHILOH INDUSTRIES, INC.

By:

By:

/s/ Ramzi Hermiz
Ramzi Hermiz
President and Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Lillian Etzkorn
Lillian Etzkorn
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on 

behalf of the registrant and the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

Signature

/s/ RAMZI HERMIZ

Ramzi Hermiz

/s/ LILLIAN ETZKORN

Lillian Etzkorn

/s/ GARY DETHOMAS

Gary DeThomas

*

Curtis E. Moll

*

Cloyd Abruzzo

*

Jean Brunol

*

Michael S. Hanley

*
David J. Hessler

*

Dieter Kaesgen

*

Robert J. King, Jr.

Title

Date

President and Chief Executive Officer and
Director (Principal Executive Officer)

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

December 20, 2018

December 20, 2018

Vice President Corporate Controller (Principal
Accounting Officer)

December 20, 2018

Chairman and Director

December 20, 2018

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

December 20, 2018

December 20, 2018

December 20, 2018

December 20, 2018

December 20, 2018

December 20, 2018

*The undersigned, by signing his name hereto, does sign and execute this Annual Report on Form 10-K pursuant to the Powers of Attorney executed by the above-
named officers and Directors of the Company and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on behalf of such officers and Directors. 

By:

/s/ Ramzi Hermiz
Ramzi Hermiz, Attorney-In-Fact
December 20, 2018

81

 
 
 
EXHIBIT INDEX 

Incorporated By Reference

Exhibit
#

Exhibit Description

Form

File Number

Filing Date

Exhibit #

Filed
Herewith

3.1 Certificate of Designation, dated December 31, 2001,

authorizing the issuance of 100,000 shares of Series A
Preferred Stock, par value $.01.

3.2 Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company, dated

September 7, 2018.

10-K

000-21964

February 13, 2002

3.1(ii)

10-K

000-21964

September 7, 2018

3.1(iii)

3.3 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the

Company, as amended, dated March 9, 2016.

Schedule
14A

000-21964

January 29, 2016

Appendix
B

4.1 Specimen certificate for the Common Stock, par value $.01

per share, of the Company.

4.2 Registration Rights Agreement, dated June 22, 1993, by and
among the Company, MTD Products Inc and the
stockholders named therein.

10-K

000-21964

October 31, 1995

4.1

10-K

000-21964

October 31, 1995

x

x

10.1* Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement.

10-K

000-21964 December 22, 2004

10.2* Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement.

10-K

000-21964 December 22, 2004

4.3

10.2

10.3

B

A

B

A

10.3* Shiloh Industries, Inc. Senior Management Bonus Plan.

10.4* Amended and Restated 1993 Key Employee Stock
Incentive Plan (as Amended and Restated as of
December 10, 2009).

10.5* Senior Management Bonus Plan.

10.6* First Amendment to the Shiloh Industries, Inc. Senior

Management Incentive Plan.

10.7*

Offer Letter to Ramzi Hermiz by Shiloh Industries, Inc.,

dated as of August 23, 2012.

Schedule
14A

Schedule
14A

Schedule
14A

Schedule
14A

000-21964

February 8, 2005

000-21964

February 2, 2010

000-21964

February 2, 2010

000-21964

February 10, 2014

8-K

000-21964

August 29, 2012

10.1

10.8* Change in Control Severance Agreement between Ramzi Y.

Hermiz and Shiloh Industries, Inc.

8-K

000-21964

August 29, 2012

10.20

10.9  Credit Agreement dated as of October 25, 2013 with Bank
of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line
Lender and L/C Issuer, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner &
Smith Incorporated and J.P. Morgan Securities, LLC as
Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Book Managers, The
PrivateBank and Trust Company, Compass Bank and
RBS Citizens, N.A., as Co-Documentation Agents, and
the other lender parties thereto.

10.10 First Amendment Agreement dated as of December 30,
2013 with Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative
Agent, Swing Line Lender and L/C Issuer, Merrill Lynch,
Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and J.P. Morgan
Securities, LLC as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Book
Managers, The PrivateBank and Trust Company,
Compass Bank and RBS Citizens, N.A., as Co-
Documentation Agents, and the other lender parties
thereto.

10.11 Share Sale and Purchase Agreement, dated May 21, 2014,

among the subsidiary and Finnveden AB, a company
limited by shares incorporated in Sweden, Shiloh
Holdings Sweden AB, company limited by shares
incorporated in Sweden, and FinnvedenBulten AB, a
company limited by shares incorporated in Sweden.

10-K

000-21964 December 23, 2013

10.30

8-K

000-21964 December 30, 2013

10.1

10-Q

000-21964 September 5, 2014

10.1

82

Exhibit
#
10.12 Second Amendment Agreement, dated as of June 26, 2014

Exhibit Description

with Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent,
Swing Line Lender and L/C Issuer, Merrill Lynch,
Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and J.P. Morgan
Securities, LLC as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Book
Managers, The PrivateBank and Trust Company,
Compass Bank and RBS Citizens, N.A., as Co-
Documentation Agents, and the other lender parties
thereto.

10.13 Third Amendment Agreement, dated September 29, 2014,

among Shiloh Industries, Inc. and Shiloh Holdings
Netherlands B.V., a besloten vennootschap met beperkte
aansprakelijkheid organized under the laws of the
Netherlands with Bank of America, N.A., as
Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender, Dutch Swing
Line Lender and an L/C Issuer, JPMorgan Chase Bank,
N.A. as Syndication Agent, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner
& Smith Incorporated and J.P. Morgan Securities, LLC
as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Book Managers, The
PrivateBank and Trust Company, Compass Bank and
Citizens Bank, N.A., as Co-Documentation Agents, and
the other lender parties thereto.

10.14 Asset Purchase Agreement, dated September 30, 2014,

among the Company, Radar Industries, Inc., and Radar
Mexican Investments, LLC.

10.15 Fourth Amendment Agreement, dated April 29, 2015,
among Shiloh Industries, Inc. and Shiloh Holdings
Netherlands B.V., a besloten vennootschap met beperkte
aansprakelijkheid organized under the laws of the
Netherlands, with Bank of America, N.A., as
Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender, Dutch Swing
Line Lender and an L/C Issuer, JPMorgan Chase Bank,
N.A. as Syndication Agent, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner
& Smith Incorporated and J.P. Morgan Securities, LLC
as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Book Managers, The
PrivateBank and Trust Company, Compass Bank and
Citizens Bank, N.A., as Co-Documentation Agents, and
the other lender parties thereto.

10.16 Fifth Amendment Agreement dated October 30, 2015,
among Shiloh Industries, Inc. and Shiloh Holdings
Netherlands B.V., a besloten vennootschap met beperkte
aansprakelijkheid organized under the laws of the
Netherlands, with Bank of America, N.A., as
Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender, Dutch Swing
Line Lender and an L/C Issuer, JPMorgan Chase Bank,
N.A., as Syndication Agent, Merrill Lynch, Pierce,
Fenner & Smith Incorporated and J.P. Morgan Securities,
LLC, as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Book Managers,
The PrivateBank and Trust Company, Compass Bank and
Citizens Bank, N.A., as Co-Documentation Agents, and
the other lender parties thereto.

Incorporated By Reference

Form

File Number

Filing Date

Exhibit #

Filed
Herewith

8-K

000-21964

July 2, 2014

10.1

10-K

000-21964

January 13, 2015

10.1

10-K

000-21964

January 13, 2015

10.32

10-Q

000-21964

June 5, 2015

10.1

8-K/A

000-21964 November 6, 2015

1.1

10.17* Shiloh Industries, Inc. 2016 Equity and Incentive

Compensation Plan.

Schedule
14A

000-21964

January 29, 2016

A

10.18 Sixth Amendment Agreement dated October 28, 2016,
among Shiloh Industries, Inc. and Shiloh Holdings
Netherlands B.V., a besloten vennootschap met beperkte
aansprakelijkheid organized under the laws of the
Netherlands, with Bank of America, N.A., as
Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender, Dutch Swing
Line Lender and an L/C Issuer, JPMorgan Chase Bank,
N.A., as Syndication Agent, Merrill Lynch, Pierce,
Fenner & Smith Incorporated and J.P. Morgan Securities,
LLC, as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Book Managers,
The PrivateBank and Trust Company, Compass Bank and
The Huntington National Bank, N.A., as Co-
Documentation Agents, and the other lender parties
thereto.

83

10-K

000-21964

January 17, 2017

10.22

Exhibit
#
10.19 Sixth Amendment Agreement dated October 28, 2016,

Exhibit Description

among Shiloh Industries, Inc. and Shiloh Holdings
Netherlands B.V., a besloten vennootschap met beperkte
aansprakelijkheid organized under the laws of the
Netherlands, with Bank of America, N.A., as
Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender, Dutch Swing
Line Lender and an L/C Issuer, JPMorgan Chase Bank,
N.A., as Syndication Agent, Merrill Lynch, Pierce,
Fenner & Smith Incorporated and J.P. Morgan Securities,
LLC, as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Book Managers,
The PrivateBank and Trust Company, Compass Bank and
The Huntington National Bank, N.A., as Co-
Documentation Agents, and the other lender parties
thereto.

Incorporated By Reference

Form

File Number

Filing Date

Exhibit #

Filed
Herewith

10-K

000-21964

January 17, 2017

10.22

10.20* Letter Agreement dated as of November 1, 2016 between

Shiloh Industries, Inc. and Jean Brunol.

10-K

000-21964

January 17, 2017

10.23

10.21 Form of Indenture.

S-3

333-216571

March 9, 2017

4.1

10.22* Agreement on Terms and Conditions of Stock Award -

Director Restricted Stock Award.

10.23* Agreement on Terms and Conditions of RSU Award -

Director Restricted Stock Unit Award.

10.24* Agreement on Terms and Conditions of Stock Award -

Employee Restricted Stock Award.

10.25* Agreement on Terms and Conditions of Cash Incentive

Award - Employee Cash Incentive Award.

10.26 Seventh Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated July

31, 2017, among Shiloh Industries, Inc., Bank of
America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line
Lender and L/C Issuer, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as
Syndication Agent, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner &
Smith Incorporated and J.P. Morgan Securities, LLC, as
Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Book Managers, The
PrivateBank and Trust Company, Compass Bank and The
Huntington National Bank, N.A., as Co-Documentation
Agents, and the other lender parties thereto.

10.27  Eighth Amendment to the Credit Agreement, dated October

31, 2017, among Shiloh Industries, Inc. and Shiloh
Holdings Netherlands B.V., a besloten vennootschap met
beperkte aansprakelijkheid organized under the laws of
the Netherlands as the borrowers and the Domestic
Subsidiaries of Shiloh Industries, Inc. as Guarantors,
Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing
Line Lender, Dutch Swing Line Lender and L/C Issuer,
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as Joint Lead Arrangers and
Joint Bookrunners, CIBC Bank USA, Compass Bank and
the Huntington National Bank as Co-Documentation
Agents, and the other lender parties thereto.

10-Q

000-21964

June 1, 2017

10.1

10-Q

000-21964

June 1, 2017

10.2

10-Q

000-21964

June 1, 2017

10.3

10-Q

000-21964

June 1, 2017

10.4

8-K

000-21964

August 1, 2017

10.1

8-K

000-21964 November 2, 2017

10.1

84

Exhibit
#
10.28 Sale and Purchase Agreement, dated February 1, 2018

Exhibit Description

between Shiloh Holdings Netherlands, B.V. and Brabant
Alucast Services B.V, a limited liability company
organized under the laws of the Netherlands (Oss).

10.29 Sale and Purchase Agreement, dated February 1, 2018

between Shiloh Holdings Netherlands, B.V. and Brabant
Alucast Services B.V, a limited liability company
organized under the laws of the Netherlands (Verres).

10.30* Employment Agreement by and between the Company and

Incorporated By Reference

Form

File Number

Filing Date

Exhibit #

Filed
Herewith

10-Q

000-21964

March 8, 2018

2.1

10-Q

000-21964

March 8, 2018

2.2

Lillian Etzkorn dated as of April 26, 2018.

10-Q

000-21964

September 7, 2018

10.1

10.31* Form of Indemnification Agreement between Directors and

Officers of Shiloh Industries, Inc., dated September 7,
2018.

10.32*

8-K

000-21964

September 7, 2018

10.1

First Amendment to Change in Control Agreement between
Ramzi Y. Hermiz and Shiloh Industries, Inc.

8-K

000-21964

September 7, 2018

10.2

21.1 Subsidiaries of the Company.

23.1 Consent of Grant Thornton LLP.

24.1 Power of Attorney.

31.1 Principal Executive Officer's Certification pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2 Principal Financial Officer's Certification pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1 Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as

adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002.

100.1 The following materials from Shiloh Industries, Inc's

Annual Report on 10-K for the year ended October 31,
2018, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting
Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the
Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss),
(iv) the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, (v) the
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity and (vi)
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

* Reflects management contract or other compensatory arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit pursuant to Item 15(b) of this Report. 

85